The Sun. — London, England, 1859-05-11 00:00:00

OY A.L PRINCESS'S THEATRE. JOU Under the Management of Mr. Charles Kean THIS EVENING will be presented Shakspeare's"tist orical play of KING HESRY V. King Henry V., Mr. C. Kean ; Chorus, Mrs. C. Kean. IrHEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING will be performed the new and original Comedy, entitled THE WORLD AND THE Howe, STAGE.. Far- The characters by Messrs. Compton, Buckstone, W ren, Rogers; Miss Amy Sedgwick, &c. After which, a new Classical Extravac.faaza, entitled ELECTRA IN A NEW ELECTR'IC LIGHT. Messrs Compton, Braid, Clark, Mrs. Wilkins, Misses Fanny Wright, Eliza Weekes, and Louisa Leclercq. And 'TWAS I. Commcnee at 7. NEW THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. EVENING the performances will commence with ICI ON PABLE FRANCAIS. Messrs.Toole, Chas. Selby, Billington ; Misses Keeley, Arden, and Laidlaw, and Mrs. Bitlington. After which, THE DEVIL ON TWO STICKS. Mr. J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, Misses Woolgar, Keeley, Arden, and Kate Kelly. MASKS AND FACES; Triplet, Mr. . Webster ; Quin Mr. P. Bedford ; Sir Charles, Mr. C Selby; Ernest, Mr. Bil- Wigton ; Peg Woffiington, Miss Woolgar ; Mabel, Miss 11. Simms Acting manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. Doors open at a quarter-past six—Commence at sev neees. Bo tox Office open from 10 to .5 —no charge for booking. No f servants nennitted. A registry kept of all articles found. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough S EVENING will be produced a new Comedietta, by THIS M. Morton, Esq., entitle d WHICH OF TH E TWO ? J. supported by the company. After which, THE MAID AND T FIE MAGPIE. To conclude with VAN DYKE BROWN. Mr. J. Clark. Commen.ce a= 70'clock. STLEY'S RO YAL A3IPHITHEATRE, A Westminster-road. Lessee and Manager Mr. Cooke. Continued Success of INANlloE.—Overflowing Houses Nightly. THIS EVENING, the performances will commence With a new grand spectacle. founded on Sir Walter Scott's popular work, entitled IVANHOE; or, The Lists of Ashby, intro ducing among the vast resources of this great Hippodramatic Temple,Tournaments, Processions, Banners, Combats, Tilts, Victories, arid Achievemerts in extraordinary magnificence. Ivanhoe, Mr. R. Phillips ; Isaac of York, Mr. Jas. Holloway; Richard of En,cfland, Mr. Herbert ; Rob in Hood, Mr. Wm. Cooke, jun. ; ReNcCa, Miss Bathurst; Lady Rowena, Miss Dowton. After which, the ifiatchless and unrivalled SCENES IN THE CIRCLE, introducing Mr. John ge Hen Cke, Missthe grea test equestrian in the wo rld : to th r e y r with Emily Cooke, Madame B7anche, Madame Bridges, Madlle. Fleurette, and Madame Frayieisco, being the greatest amount of female equestrian talent ever seen in one night in any theatre. Grotesques—Messrs. Hemming IN and Thorne. r To conclude with the Farce of _RAISING THE WD. • :Dress Circle, 4s. ; Boxes, 3 s. ; Pit , 2s, Gallery, ls. ; Upper Gallery, 'id. Private Boxes, £1 4s. £2 2S, And £1 is. Stage Manager, Mr. R. Phillips CIANTERBUILY HALL AND FINE ARTS V GALLERY. Westminster-road. —Open at Seven. EVERY EVENING during the week will appear THE DELEPIERRE FAMILY, consisting of three Juvenile Violinists, viz.. Jules, Juliette, and Julia Delepierre, aged, respectively, FOUR, SIX, and EIGHT years. The perfect execution by these Lilliputian Artistes of some of the most difficult and brilliant Solos, Duets, and Trios ever written for the violin, has excited mingled wonder and admi ration in Continental Musical Circles, and drawn forth enthu siastic tributes of praise from the Public Journals of France and Belgium. They will perform EVERY EVENING, at' NINE and ELEN EN o'clock, in addition to the usual Entertainments. ---- THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, MAY 11. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 64—highest since noon yesterday. 49—lowest this morning and during the night. 63—this day at noon. BAROMETER- -30.31. WIND, Northerly ; light, with fine weather. THE SUN. WEDNESDAY, MAY 11, 1859. It is difficult to understand the Austrian game. We are told that they send out reconnoitering parties and are making demonstrations, but that is all. Fighting in any shape, unless actually forced upon them, appears to be the last thing within their notions. They will gladly lay contributions on inoffensive peasants, but their valour is con tented with such exploit, and they apparently hate " the smell of yillanous gunpowder." We do not, in saying this, ascribe any personal deficiency of courage to the Austrians. Far from it. They are, we believe, gallant soldiers. But the orders from Vienna have paralysed their energies, and prevented them from taking the steps in advance which would otherwise probably have been adopted. It is said that General GARIBALDI has achieved a great success ; that he attacked the Austrians at Verealli, and took between three and four hun dred prisoners. We cannot, however, repose much faith in telegrams, more especially as there are no special correspondents or our own commissioners at the seat of war, and we are, there fore, compelled to accept the one sided:and garbled statements presented to us by interested parties. So far, however, a reasonable opinion can be offered. The Austrians seem to be contented with entrench ing themselves on the banks of the Sesia, while the Sardinians make the river Dora their strategeti cal line. We can readily understand the motives that have induced the latter to adopt such a course, but it is more incomprehensible when we look to the position and policy of the former. We must, for the time being, trust largely to our imagination. It is quite clear that there is no ac curate intelligence that can safely be relied on. The statement respecting GARIBALDI'S attack and victory is six or seven days old, and comes through a Brussels journal. No very powerful evidence for its accuracy. It is, in fact, neither more nor less than mere guess work, on which no possible reliance can be placed —most probably a pure invention, and cannot receive credence from any rational man. The best solution of the arduous problem is, that the Austrians have already assumed a defensive position, in deference to the advice of England and Prussia—that they have already discovered the grave mistake they have committed, and would, perhaps, gladly retrace their footsteps ; but that not being possible, they content themselves with inaction, trusting that the intervention of England and Prussia may yet save them from the conse quences of their rash proceedings in precipitating a war which they arc not prepared to carry on with vigour and effect, Meantime, the French troops are hastening into Piedmont, anxious to try conclusions with their German opponents. The Emperor has played his trump card, and started yesterday to take command of the army of Italy, hoping to gain verdant laurels by his military achievements. There is, however, no Imperial road to the Temple of Fame, and he, must win before he can wear them, a matter not quite so easily accomplished as his flatterers may insinuate. He could not, however, have more accommodating and obliging enemies than the Austrians, for they certainly seem desirous of affording him every opportunity which he could possibly desire. It is an important event when an Emperor proceeds in person to command his army. It Proves beyond the possibility of doubt that he anticipates great results. When, too, he appoints a Regent, albeit with circumscribed powers, he must contemplate a protracted campaign. Of course he has imposed some restrictions, has given " orders and instructions" that must be respected. But the people of France do not recognise feminine rule ; and if a female should be passed over in the succes sion to the throne, however high her claims and indisputable her title, it is difficult to understand how they would accept the Government of an alien lady, whose sympathies could scarcely be in accord ance with those of the community at large. The Rurlir.oi desired to exhibit " the marks of high confidence" which he reposed in his beloved wife, but will the nation feel the same reliance, or believe • , 4 :- ' --: .., `....1., • tt . ,%T.(1. 1 , Mg, ....40 , ik l, ------" r 4-t. . 4 , 10 efil ..., 6 , .., , : = ..,;., 0‘, 4 ,.., ; ,„!,.,...,,,,, . " .4,i• .4. C.; • Oil; T 7 , fie , m7.1.6010.r - ") - ." , , u..,,...,-,,.....,2,) ,„7.- - = THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESTIOAY EVENING, MAY 11, 1859, better, if- he can, next time. But for a gentleman who once professed himself to be a Liberal, but who now, for some reasons best known to himself, takes the name of Liberal-Conservative, in order to turn out the ABDIEL of the Ballot battle of last session by bribery, is rather more than we ought to sit down by patiently. We know nothing per sonally of Dr. MICHEL. All our acquaintance with him is through the pages of DOD, and would be, we suppose, if he were twenty years in Parliament. Mr. WYLD has at least work to show. When old leaders relented to the cry of " pity the embarrassed Whigs," he gave his pity to coerced and fettered electors. The result has proved that he was right. Lord JOHN caused a dissolution on an issue which has awakened no enthusiasm ; and he sees already half his majority lost ; in fact, one counting in divisions as two, the whole is gone. Had that determined autocrat but heartily adopted Mr. WYLD'S amend• merit he must, sooner or later, have had the whole country with him. As things stand we see no reason why Mr. DISRAELI should not adopt Lord JOHN'S £6 franchise, and then Lord JOIIN and the Whigs may take a long farewell of office. that she is competent to manage public affairs a't a period of extraordinary difficulty, althoclgh " ' cog nisance" is to be given to " Uncle SEROMF.,,f7 the Presidents of the great bodies of the State, the Members of the Privy Council, and the Ministers. Were it NAPOLEON 1., in place of NAroLto:. , ; 111., matters might be very different. The forvier was educated from his boyhood as a soldier. He was, if not the most brilliant, certainly one of the greatest generals the world ever saw. His ex.tra ordinary triumphs not only flattered the national vanity, but procured the support of the people in the most important forms—that of men and money. He also generally contrived to make the enemy pay the expenses of the wars in which he was engaged, and thus avoided the main difficulty—for the pocket is the most sensitive point on which a nation or an individual could possibly be assailed. The system of hostilities, too, has been mate rially altered. Science is now greater than mere brute force. The materiel is even more important than the personnel of war. Matters may be more speedily decided, but it will be at a much heavier outlay. A dozen leading capitalists seated in a small room can decide whether it is to be carried on, or terminated. Austria is almost in a bankrupt condition; she wants twenty millions sterling,while France presents a little bill for precisely the same amount. These are not very auspicious omens at the commencement of what may be a sanguinary, expen sive, and protracted contest. We believe that the English Government will observe perfect neutrality. and not interfere on either side. We trust that English capitalists may observe a similar course, and that they may not advance their money on in vestments, the value whereof will probably be greatly deteriorated ere many months have elapsed. Although, as we have already stated, the Austrians have fallen back and withdrawn from the positions they had previously occupied, it must not be sup posed that they are conquered. They have powerful fortresses, which they will . pro bably defend with all their power. They are also thoroughly acquainted with the country, know every stragetical position, and, although they may be disturbed with revolutions, or emeutes, in the Italian States, may prove themselves very stubborn customers when the day of trial has arrived. War s, however, an expensive luxury, and it is probable that the Ministers of Finance will have greater nfluence in restoring peace than the million of :roops engaged by the conflicting Powers. A day or two since the writer of the City article in the Times issued his opinion on the suspension of specie payments on the continent. The Times appears lately to have got a little light on the subject of currency, and hence various statements which it now puts forth very sententiously " to dispel all mystery on the matter," are mere truisms which have been known to Currency Re orrners for the last half century. Thus it gravely informs its readers that a sus pension of specie payments " is merely a matter of external arrangement, and can never in the smallest degree affect the internal intercourse of one nation with another. There can be no such thing as a suspension of payment in the foreign trade of any country. If the Sardinian Government de- sire at this moment to buy a certain quantity of iron in the London market, they must pay for ii just in the same manner as heretofore. We do not make the contract for notes of the Bank of Turin, but for a specified amount of gold, or its equiva lent, to be handed to us here." All this is true enough, and just amounts to this, that the trade between nations is in reality barter. If I go to Turin and want to sell my goods, I may be paid in paper of the Bank of Turin ; but that paper is of no use to me in England, and therefore, before I part with what I have to sell, I calculate exactly what amount of the goods which I wish to obtain I can get for these Turin notes, or what amount of gold I can get for the notes, and I charge such a price for my goods on the notes of the Bank of Turin as will enable me to buy goods or gold of the value of the commodities I wish to dispose of. BODMIN is the first borough which has placed its delinquency on legal record in the election of 1859. We would not condemn any man before he has had a fair trial by a jury of his countrymen ; yet, unless the facts sworn to in the magisterial in vestigation we published on Monday can be denied, it cannot be doubted that bribery at a pretty hand some rate was practised in the little borough. It does not appear that THOMAS CHAPMAN'S evidence was impugned, or an attempt even made to impugn it in any material point; with the reserve, there fore, of suspense as to what may come out at the forthcoming trial we take the uncontradicted evi dence as true, and we must add that we cannot think it likely it will be in the least shaken. We all remember the devices of 1852 ; the veiled ladies, W. B.'s good and safe man with his myste rious room, the coloured tickets, the money left in beds—and so forth. But bribery is the mother of invention, and ever new ways must be devised to compass old ends. The Bribery campaign opens at Bodmin with a novel device. The purchaser of a vote now does it by the offer of a loan ; a loan, in this case, of £lO to an elector who it is supposed will not object to that loan being converted into a gift. But two things are desirable in bribing ; one that the bribe-taker should not receive the money, and then decline to vote, or vote for the wrong man, or take a larger bribe from the opposing candidate, and then jilt one, or both, according to his fancy ;—the other, that he should not be able, if inquiry should be made by the " grand inquest of the nation" to prove his seducer guilty of When we were so fortunate in England as to have a Finance Minister who understood the right use of paper money, and we had inconvertible notes, the foreigner traded with us in the same way. He brought his goods to England, and with them brought such an amount of bank notes as would enable him to purchase the goods or the gold which he considered a fair equivalent for the goods which he sold. Let us hope that no reader of the Times will ever again inquire how we can carry on our foreign trade with inconvertible notes. But here the intelligent knowledge of currency on the part of the Times' writer stops. He begins to say that " a suspension of specie payments by any individual State is but a rough way of confis cating the property of certain classes of its inhabi tants, and throwing additional taxation upon all." And what, he asks, " can be the inducement" to a nation to have inconvertible notes ? " Nothing but to evade its debts at the expense of certain classes, instead of resorting to open taxation levied fairly upon all." And he proceeds to affirm—for he offers no proof of what he says—" that the sus pension of specie payments to the fundowner, the annuitant, the officeholder, and all to whom the State are bound to make fixed payments, is an announcement that 10, 20, or 50 per cent. (accord ing to the extent of depression of the inconvertible notes as compared with 'specie) will in future be impounded. It is therefore confiscation, and no thing else." Here the Times' writer becomes extremely muddy in his ideas about currency. First, he tells us that " additional taxation is to be thrown upon all," and then that the supposed benefit is to arise by the " confiscation" of a portion of the pay ments due to certain classes. We will endeavour to explain the real action of inconvertible paper money receivable for taxes. We must first remind the Times' writer that there are other classes besides the fundholder, the annui tant, and the officeholder. There is the great pro ducing class of the country. The fundholder, the annuitant, and the officeholder are not to be treated with injustice. But their interests are certainly not alone to be consulted. The bees must be thought of as well as the drones of the hire. The great mass of the people, the manufacturers, the farmers, the six millions of working men are to be considered in a monetary system as well as the fundholder, the annuitant, and the officeholder. The Jimes' writer puts the case as one in which it is necessary to raise additional taxes. Who ought fairly to pay these taxes ? We reply, the consumer. The farmer, the manufacturer, the poor man, as well as the fundholder, the annuitant, and the officeholder, as they each and all derive ad vantage and protection from the national expendi ture, should, in just proportions, contribute to it. Now, this can only be the case when additional taxes are imposed, with an expansive currency for internal use. As taxes are imposed, the producer ought to be enabled to recover from the consumer the fair amount of taxation which the consumer owes to the State. This requires an expansive currency. For, if the State take away from the producer, in the shape of a tax, a certain amount of the work of his hands, he must charge a higher price to hi; customer, the consumer, to enable him to get the tax back. But you cannot have high prices without an increased amount of money. The auan tity of commodities manufactured remaining the samerin order that a higher price may be obtained for them, the quantity of money must be increased. This is not a theory. It was reduced to practice in this country between 1797 and 1815. As new taxes were then imposed, the circulating medium was allowed to expand, the producer got a fair remunerative price for his goods, and the consumer, whether rich man or poor, the fundholder, the annuitant, the officeholder, the farmer, the tradesman, and the operative paid his contribution to the general fund of taxation. We said that an expansive currency for internal use was necessary. An inconvertible paper money, receivable for taxes, supplies this expansive cur rency for internal use. One very great advantage of having a paper currency is that it is not liable to be expended, withdrawn, or hoarded. At a time of war, for example, when gold and sayer go abroad to pay soldiers, a paper currency remains safe at home, and with it we carry on our domestic trade. We say, then, that an inconvertible paper cur , rency, receivable for taxes, is a fair, open, honest L system ; and that it particularly preserves the pro , ducing class, the working man—and we include the , man who was with his head as well as the man _ _ bribery. At Bodmin it seems to have been attempted to compass both these ends by taking a note of hand for a loan of the amount required to convince the voter of the superlative merits of a favourite can didate. If he did not vote as expected, of course, the note of hand could be pressed against him. He had been ungrateful for pecuniary aid, and he must pay the penalty for ingratitude. If he voted aright, then " word and honour"—for a briber may be an honourable man—are pledged that the note of hand shall be given up as soon as the election is over. Moreover, we presume, not being, we must acknowledge, profound in the mysteries of Whig and Tory bribery acts, that the existence of the note of hand, pending the hazard of investigation before a Parliamentary Committee, would be urged in proof that there was no serious bribing—that the money was, in fact, but a legal debt, and could not be regarded as the purchase of a vote. Now, THOMAS CHAP3IAN, of Halgover, within the borough of Bodmin, when applied to by the public-spirited gentleman who, with £lO loans in his 'pocket, canvassed for Dr. MicHEL, seems to have been wide awake; he, THOMAS CHAPMAN, had taken counsel, it seems, with a Mr. PEARCE, a solicitor learned in election law, and in all the law a solicitor ought to know, as we doubt not ; and when the generous offer of a £lO loan for a note of hand was made him, he objected to such a mode of transacting business ; after a conversation or two, electoral prospects, perhaps, not being very bright, it seems to have been thought neces sary to waive the demand, for a note of hand ; CHAPMAN is told, " Now, I want to bind you to secrecy, which you are not to divulge to any one, not even to your wife !" To which the cautious CHAPMANI replied, " it won't do to tell the women everything that is done." But the imputation on Mrs. CHAPMAN'S capacity for keeping a secret was speedily avenged. Mr. CHAPMAN is taken into a darker part of the room, a paper is put into his hands, he is requested to leave by the back door, and it turns out that the paper contained two five pound notes ! and, as he had not been cautioned against telling the secret to a lawyer, straight goes the man who was not to tell his wife, and puts the notes into the hands of Mr. WILD'S professional adviser, Mr. PEARCE. We believe that, thus far, the facts are not dis puted. THOMAS CHAPMAN was, in truth, not the proper man to practise on ; he " did not like to take the money at all when it was first mentioned to him, and would not have done it if he had not been advised by Mr. PEARCE." An attempt was made to get a summons against him for taking the money ; but the magistrates very properly refused to grant it, the absence of corrupt motive being so obvious. Dr. who, of course, knew nothing about what his generous agent was doing, and the too devoted agent,' in truth, had caught a Tartar ; and unless appearances become very different before a jury, and before a committee of the House of Com mons, the one will incur the penalties of bribery and the other be unseated on petition. That Mr.WILD may thus be enabled speedily to contest Bodmin again, and contest it successfully, we can but wish. Had be seen unseated by fair means, why he, like all Englishmen, must take his defeat manfully, And fight who works with his hands—from being sacrificed to the moneyed man, to the fandholder, the annui tant, and the officeholder. It is true, indeed, that as prices rise—and if taxes are imposed they ought, as we have said, to rise—the man of fixed income finds that his income will not purchase so many luxuries or comforts as it did. But he obtains his advantage in being a participator in the nation's secu rity and prosperity, and the moment he ceases to be idle and becomes a worker he gets a better price for his talent than he before did. Officeholders of all classes had their incomes raised on the war be tween 1797 and 1815. It was this system of inconvertible paper cur rency which enabled England, to the astonishment of all Europe, to maintain its armies abroad, and to make rapid improvements in agriculture, trade, and social comfort at home, during the period to which we have referred. " England," says the Times' writer, " alone came out of the great war without a stain." Her paper money enabled her to do so. PEEL'S "ignorant and suicidal" bill of 1819 brought ruin upon half the nation, impeded progress, created discontent and disaffection, and fostered crime. A portion, indeed, of PEEL'S system remained to in vigorate the nation. PEEL dared not attempt to take away our paper currency altogether. But his bills of 1819 and 1844 crippled and debased it ; and the consequence is that every few years, since the passing of these atrocious bills, our monetary sys tem breaks down, we are exposed to the contempt of the civilised world, thousands of rich men are ruined, and millions Of the poor are reduced to the verge of starvation, while the Usurer and the Hard Calculator " impound " 10, 20, or 50 per cent. of LATEST NEWS. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : PARIS, MAY 10. The Emperor and Prince Napoleon left Paris to day at six o'clock p.m. An enormous crowd was collected in the Rue Rivoli, and his Majesty was cheered enthusiasti cally. Numerous persons belonging to the Court, and others on a footing of intimacy with his Majesty, awaited the arrival of their Imperial Highnesses at the Lyons Railway station. The Empress accompanies the Emperor as far as Montereau. BERNE, MAY 10. The outbreak of a revolution in the Valteline is feared. The inhabitants are buying ammunition. The Austrians are advancing towards Jorea. A reconnoitring party, sent out in the direction of Casale, has been driven back by the Pied montese. MADRID, MAY 10. The report that Government intends sending troops to the Balearic islands is denied. It is asserted that the Prince of Wales is ex pected at Madrid. VIENNA, MAY 10. OFFICIAL BULLETIN. The Austrian army has taken up its position between the Po and the Sesia, to await better weather before renewing offensive measures. Our troops have destroyed the railway bridge at Valenza. the hard earnings of the industrious classes by PEEL'S system of LEGAL CONFISCATION. The Count de Chambord has taken his depar. ,ure for Prague. TURIN, MAY 10. OFFICIAL BULLETIN, The Austrians withdrew yesterday from Tronzano along the road to Vercelli, to which town they were going with a force of 8,000 men and 26 pieces of artillery. An ineffectual attempt was made to construct a bridge over the Po. Several carts carrying wounded Austrians have returned to Gravellona, where the enemy continue their defen sive works. TURIN, MAY 10. The following official bulletin was published to• day : The enemy have evacuated Livorna, Tronzano, Santhia, Cavaglia, Saluzzola, and Vercelli, and have recrossed the Sesia in great haste, leaving part of the levies of forage, &c., which they had de manded behind them. Yesterday a strong Austrian column with four generals was at Stropiana. This morning they withdrew hastily from Carasano and Stropiana. FLORENCE, MAY 10. The new Ministry has been formed. The fol lowing are its members : M. Buon-Compagine, President of the Council and Minister for Foreign Affairs ; Baron Ricasoli, Minister of the Interior ; Marquis Ridoffi, Minister for Public Instruction ; Counsellor Paggi, Minister of Justice ; M. Busacca, Finance Minister ; and M. Caminatti, a Piedmontese colonel, War Minister. BERNE, MAY 10, According to advices from the frontiers of Lom bardy the inhabitants of the Valteline are making great purchases of arms and ammunition. A re volution appears imminent. The Austrians are making heavy demands. General Cialdini has captured both cattle and forage belonging to the Austrians. BERLIN, MAY 10. The sulemn funeral procession of Alexander von Humboldt is now on its way to the Cathedral. All that which represents science, art, and intelli gence in Berlin joins in the procession. Three chamberlains in gold costume, bearing the orders of the illustrious deceased, precede the funeral car, which is drawn by six horses from the Royal stable. Upon the car is a simple uncovered coffin of oak adorned with flowers and laurel. On either side of the car are the students bearing green palm branches. A line of carriages of immense length closes the procession. The Prince Regent, together with all the Princes and Princesses, are assembled in the Cathedral, awaiting the arrival of the great philo sopher's mortal remains. A mournful aspect over spreads the whole town. PARIS, MAY 11. The Moniteur of this morning contains the fo' lowing : Count Persigny is appointed ambassador of the Emperor at the English Court. The Moniteur also contains the following tele• gram:— ROME, May 9.—The Austrians have declared Ancona and its territory in a state of siege. The Roman Government has sent word to Vienna by telegraph that in case the state of siege be not raised, the Pope will solmnly protest against it, and will withdraw all the Papal authorities. ROME, MAY 10. The state of siege at Ancona has been suspended, and the lighthouse is again lit, in consequence of the energetic remonstrances of the French Ambas sador against a violation of neutrality. Austria has promised not to enter Tuscany through the Pontifical States. FRANCE. PARIS, TUESDAY, Paris to-day presented a scene of animation which belongs alone to large cities and great events. The Emperor was to leave the Tuileries at six o'clock to head the army of Italy. A Bonaparte was once more turning his back on Paris to join the imperial eagles on the plains of Italy. This day will be memorable in the modern history of Europe, for great events must follow. The people of Paris seemed to feel the occasion, for they flocked from all quarters of the city at an early hour and took up positions all along the Rue di Rivoli up to the Lyons .Railway station. Every window was crowded with spectators, whilst the path ways on either side presented one dense mass of human beings so closely packed as to prevent the possibility of circulation. Before the departure of the Emperor took place, several carriages passed over the Rue di Rivoli with the ladies and friends of officers attached to the Emperor's staff and house hold. They all drove on to the railway terminus, there to bid farewell to those nearest and dearest to them. Prince Jerome and all the members of the imperial family, the Ministers of State, and many personal and particular friends of his Majesty, prc ceeded to the Tuileries, about four o'clock, to bid farewell to the Emperor and console the Empress. His Majesty observed his usual calm and confi dential aspect, saying a kind word to all who approached him. The little prince was amongst the group which surrounded the Emperor and Empress, and appeared remarkably amused and childishly delighted with the bustling scene. There were about two hundred persons permit ted to approach their Majesties on this occasion. Exactly at half-past five o'clock the Emperor mounted a magnificent charger at the foot of the grand staircase of the Tuileries, dressed in the uniform of a General of Division, and wearing the the enemy. The powers of the Royal Commissary cordon of the Legion of Honour. His Majesty M. Tecchio, are also extended to the province of was preceded by the hundred guards as he rode on, Ivrea." " 'i i then came a few cavalry of the line, and then a No. Ith.—:STAY Evening.—Yesterday, the Austrians suddenly evacuated Voghera, leaving carriage containing the Empress, and a second behind the provisions they had exacted. Ponte vehicle with the ladies in waiting ~ Long live the curone is also free. The wooden bridge on the Emperor !" "Long live Italy !" burst from the lips Scrivia, near Tortona, has already been repaired of thousands of well-dressed persons, and I heard by our troops. The enemy, in recrossing the Po at Gerola, used the bridge they had built and which the same shouts echoed faintly long after the glit they have since destroyed. Nothing new from tering procession had passed out of sight. The Valenza and Bassignana. A few cavalry soldiers crowd was most enthusiastic. of the enemy have this day made their appearance The Cuirassiers of the Imperial Guard, quartered at Santhia. It appears from trustworthy accounts at St. Germain-en-Laye, near Paris, are under that the Austrians continue their intention of for tify Admiral Jurien de Lagraviere proceeds with two ing themselves on the Sesia near the bridge of orders tomorrow to join the army at Lyons. Vercelli, in consequence of which they have pressed 900 workmen into tin I: service, ha'f of whom work ships of the line and four large frigates to the by day and the other half by night." Adriatic, with a view to the absolute blockade of "No. 18.—MAY Bth, Morning.—me day before Venice, and it is said the blockade of Trieste, so far yesterday Gen. Cialdini made a reconnaissance in as Austrian vessels are concerned. the direction of Vercelli, the result of which we d Prince Napoleon's staff will quit Paris on the do not yet know. Our light infantry have made some prisoners in the neighbourhood of Sale. The 15th for Toulon. The detached corps to be com - shameful exactions of the Austrians still continue ; manded by the Prince, and which is said to be for they carry on this war more as robbers than as sol , perhaps, diers. At Vercelli, in addition to 300,000 fr., they the object of revolutionising Italy, will land at Leghorn. have insisted on having all the leather in the place, The Moniteur publishes the following imperial 6,000 shirts, linen for an equal quantity, 100 ra tions of provender daily for five days, and 300 sacks decree, conferring the Regency on the Empress of rice. At Biella, one Enrico Dossena, of Pavia, a during his Majesty's absence with the army:— spy of the enemy, has been shot after being tried " Napoleon, by court-martial, and unanimously condemned." "By the grace of God and the national will The Piedmontese Gazette of the Bth contains Emperor of the French, to all to whom these pre- several decrees issued by Prince Eugene of Savoy, sents may concern, greeting ; lieutenant of the kingdom. By the first, no pre " Wishing to give to our well-beloved consort, scription of time, however stipulated, shall have thd Empress, marks of the high confidence which we place in her; the effect during the war of depriving any person " And as we are determined to place ourself at .connected with the army of any right he might the head of the army of Italy, we have resolved to possess ; nevertheless, appeals and other matters of confer, as we do hereby confer, on the Empress the le g al procedure are to continue to be effected as title of Regent, for the purpose of her exercising usual. After the termination of the war, the periods the functions of the office during our absence, in conformity with our instructions and our orders, agreed upon shall return into force, but no such as we shall have made them known in the period can be shorter than two months. By general order of the service which we shall have another decree the copper money of France may established, and which will be transcribed on the be received in Piedmont during the war, and is . State Register : to be considered a legal tender to an amount not " We decide that the said orders and instructions exceeding one franc. A third decree authorises shall be made known to our uncle, Prince Jerome ; to the Presidents of the great bodies of the State ; students to continue their studies privately during to the members of the Privy Council ; and to our the suspension of University lectures, so as to pre- Ministers ; and that in no case can the Empress sent themselves for degrees as if they had followed depart from their tenour in the exercise of the the regular course. functions of Regent; The Piedmontese Gazette replies to the com e Furthermore, it is our will, that the Empress plaints of the itlessaggere di Modena which we shall preside in our name over the Privy Council gave yesterday, that it has been stated in Bulletin and the Council of Ministers. It is not, however, N 0. ., 3 of the war that the Kin.. of Sardinia con our intention, that the Empress Regent shall au skiers himself at war with Modena, first because thorise, by her signature, the promulgation of any the Duke maintains the military t rea ti es with Senatus-Consultum, or of any law of the State , other Austria, and secondly, because he allows Austrian than those which are now pending before the Senate, troops to pass through his territory, thus enabling the Legislative Body, and the Council of State, them to attack the Piedmontese territory. referring in this respect to the orders and instruc tions above mentioned; A letter from Genoa of the 6th, in the Siecle, " We command our Minister of State to com - says : municate these present letters patent to the Senate, " The great movement of troops between Toulon which will cause them to be transcribed on its and Genoa has ceased during the last two days ; registers, and to our Keeper of the Seals, to have 65,000 French have disembarked at Genoa, and the them published in the Bulletin des Lois. number who have arrived in Piedmont by Susa is " Given at the Palace of the Tuileries this 3d day estimated at 35,000. We are expecting every of May, 1859. " NAPOLEON. moment 4,000 or 5,000 cavalry from France, so " Countersigned, ACHILLE FOULD, that the French will have a good effective force " Minister of State." to put in line against the Austrians. It must The official journal also publishes a second decree, not be forgotten that, without counting the conferring on Prince Jerome, in the absence of the Italian volunteers of all countries, there are 80,000 Piedmontese, perfectly disciplined, and de- Empress-Regent, the presidentship of the Privy j sirous to combat by the side of our soldiers, and Council and of the Council of Ministers : that of these 80,000 one-half at least have been " Napoleon, under fire. Genoa ought to bless the arrival of "By the grace of God and the national will our troops. The officers who were obliged to Emperor of the French, to all who shall see these leave France suddenly were not able to procure presents, greeting: for themselves all the objects necessary for a "At the moment of leaving, to take the com- campaign, and it is at Genoa that they purchase mand of the army of Italy, we have, by our letters everything, cloaks, tents, trunks, &c. It is also at patent of this day, confided the Regency to our Genoa that mules, vehicles, and carts are bought. well beloved consort, the Empress, and we have The first named have been brought from a distance regulated for the period of our absence the order of 15 leagues, and have been sold for as much as of the service by an act inserted in the State Regis- 500 f. each. The environs have supplied oxen and ter, and made known to our uncle Prince Jerome, sheep ; whilst the soldiers of Giulay, who, as that to the members of the Privy Council, to the Coun- general states, have come to deliver Piedmont from cil of Ministers, and to the Presidents of the the parties that oppress her, exacted on crossing Senate, Legislative Body, and Council of State. the Ticino 200,000 rations, and imposed extraordi " Wishing to give our uncle, Prince Jerome, nary contributions. The French army has paid marks of the high confidence which we place in ready money for everything, and has disbursed in him, and to facilitate to our well-beloved consort, Genoa alone several millions. A Milanese who haS by the co-operation of his intelligence, his expe- arrived here informs me that the Austrian generals rience, and his devotedness to our person, the ac. carefully disguise from their soldiers that France complishment of her mission, we have decided, and has intervened in favour of Piedmont, telling them we do hereby decide, that the Empress-Regent shall that they will only have to combat the Piedmen take the advice of the Prince our uncle on the reso- tese army, and that the French troops will remain lutions and decrees which shall be submitted to behind the Alps." her ;we have, moreover, conferred on him, as we "We have received," says the Nord, " &ee l , do confer on him by these presents, the right of Naples and Palermo some rather interesting inter' presiding. in the absence of the Empress-Regent, ligence respecting the actual state of things in over the Privy Council and the Council of Mini- these cities. In spite of the efforts of the Govern-, sters. ment to keep the public in absolute ignorance e L " Given at the Palace of the Tuileries, the 3d what is passing in other countries, the news of th e day of May, 1859. "NAPOLEON. war in the north of Italy had reached Sicily, and " Countersigned, ACIIILLE FOULD." there, as everywhere else, crowds of young, men The Moniteur says :—" During the time that were eager to join the defenders of Italian nuke.: ve the Emperor will remain with the army his private p endence, and r.e. were finding means to embark , i • cabinet will retain its present organisation, and spite of the rigorous measures taken to p them. Naples has been subjected to strict milita r y ni transact business as heretofore. All petitions as law, equivalent to a state of siege ; but the city Wa s well as letters relative to private affairs or to pro- perfectly tranquil, and the King had ordered that positions of general interest, must be addressed to the theatres, which had remained closed for thre e the Emperor at Paris, and not to his head- weeks, should be re-opened." quarters." HEALTH OF LONDON DURING TO Accounts have been received from the French West India Islands to the 12th ult. The incendiary fires have continued in the commune of Saint- Pierre, Martinique, and at the very gates of that town, the governor had declared the commune in a state of siege. The Court of Assizes had tried a planter, named Carry, for robbery and incen diarism, and condemned him to hard labour for life. General Baroilhet de Poligny, inspector-general of the marines of the different garrisons, had arrived at Fort de France, Guadaloupe, from Cayenne. The Moniteur de la _Martinique states that the con tract entered into in November, 1858, for the intro duction of 10,000 Chinese labourers, will only be carried into effect to the extent of two cargoes, as the Minister of the Colonies wishes to see how far that immigration may answer before it is effected on a larger scale. The contracting parties had consented to this modification in their original contract. The screw transport Dahomey had arrived at Martinique from the Western Coast of Africa, after a long voyage of 46 days. Out of 441 emigrants, 82 died on the passage. A Paris letter in the Independance says : "The Austrian merchant navy will suffer severely from the forced interruption of its commer cial relations in the East and in all the Mediter ranean, which of late years have assumed an enormous increase. At this moment most of her Italian sailors in French ports refuse to serve, and wish to declare themselves French, in order to escape the requisitions of their captains and the conscription to which they would be subjected on their return. This fact was contradicted by a semi-official note in the Austrian journals as regards the Germans and the Illyrians, but it is strictly true as regards the Venetians. The Austrian captains —on the one hand seeing their crews disappearing, and on the other the period fixed. for their vessels to leave France approaching—are in great per ' plexity. On any other occasion they would have had recourse to the French authorities, but to do so now would be ridiculous." BOURSE, May 10.—The market has been very dull, the Emperor's departure having checked speculation. It has been announced that the amount of capital which had been already subscribed in Paris and the departments for the loan exceeded 1,100 millions of francs. Threes have been done at from 60f. 75c. to 60f. 80c. ; Mobilier, 543 f. 75e. to 520 f. ; Austrian, 340 f. to 345 f. ; Orleans, 1,115 f to 1,122 f. 50c. ; Lyons, 735 f. to 740 f. Eastern, 552f.:50e. to 557 f. 50e. The following were the closing quotations :- 41 per Cents. .... 88 50 I Craft Fonder • • 605 Do. end month Belgian 4% 3 per Cents. 6O 80 I Piednionteso (5) 1)o. end month.... 60 70 I Roman 77 Credit Mobilier .. 526 25 Spanish Bank Shares 2705 Austri an Threes Do. Account WEEK. (From the Registrar-General's Report.) The weekly return of births and deaths in Lon don, issued by authority of the Registrar-Gener al, shows the total deaths in London, which were 1,201 in the last week of April, declined to 1,108 in the week that ended last Saturday. In the ten Yea, r ,!. 1849-58 the average numbe r o f d eat h s i n th e wee's"' corresponding with last week was 1,060 ; but I° the deaths returned for last week occurred i l l a population which h as i ncrease d , they . sh °ll :, be compared with th e average ra i se d in 1,3 portion to that increase—namely, with 1,1 "4 . The comparison s h ows th a t th e d eat h s th a t occurre d last week were less by 58 th an th e number which would have been returned if a rate of raortalit/ equal to the average for the first week of May ha prevailed. The births registered last week exceeded th e deaths in the same period by 795. Smallpox, which had been fatal in about six tee i 1 cases in each of the three previous weeks, was 3 -a l- 0 in twenty-six cases last week. Fourteen of th e 1 , occurred in the east districts, chiefly in Bethn al. green. Scarlatina and diphtheria still maintain a high rate of mortality ; the deaths from the t' s ' t, complaints last week were 69. Fourteen of th es e are referred to diphtheria, and occurred as folios" i —One at 17, Victoria-place, Paddington, one at 33, Westbourne•terrace, one at 9, Q u een-stre et, Brompton, one at 4, Carey-street, Westminst e j' one at 7, Grace-street, Islingto n , one a t Helmsley terrace, Hackney, one at 1, George -street, Hackney one at 5, Miles-place, Finsbury, one at 283, Bethn"'; green-road, one at 64, Wooton-street, Lambeth, 01: :„ at 10, James-street, Kennington, one at 9, Ma nic c place, Kennington, one at 13, Charles-street' Peckham, and one at 4, Craven-place, Old IC eti "‘ road. By comparing the results of the last two We it will be seen that the decrease in the total In% tality to the ext en t o f nearly 100 deaths, as a b l e r above, aris es f rom a reduction mOre or iess each of the five classes in which all diseases ‘sc a es arranged :—the d ea th s re f erre d t o zym otie declined f rom 278 t o 258 , those caused 243, si constitutional diseases" from 274 t° 458, those by local diseases" from 480 to 131 those by " developmental diseases" fro m to to 108, and those by violence from ''. Aen t 34. These 34 violent deaths were a ll from oci. of or negligence, except two, which were cases infanticide. Amongst the ca uses of death is %Id tioned a case of porrigo, which was fatal to a e die a after 4 months' illness ; and a b o y of 6 year s from " the effects of a stone lodged in the 10 .7 and an operation for the removal of it." 4/ g irls' Last week the births of 956 boys and 9 1; ' ;d o n. in all 1,903 children, were r e g i s tered in 1-4° 1849- In the ten corresponding weeks of the year s 58 the average number was 1,645. ea° At the Royal Obse rva t or y, G reen wich' th em ,,,, 75 in. height of the baromet er i n th e wee k Was 29.1 9.59 The extreme variati on o f rea din gs was from 2 T he in. on Wednesday to 29.94 in. on Friday_ mean temperature of the week was 4 8 ° he same which is 2.9 deg. below the average o f t • herd. week in 43 years (as determined by M r . Glais eroge The mean daily temperature was below the ay bo lo until Saturday. The thermometer fell to its lowest point, 33.1 deg., on Fri rose next day to its highest, 72 deg. T l ic o . e : the range in the week was therefore 38. 9 u e a t'',". e nce mean daily range was 21.9 deg. The 010 -" e ' d a ir between the mean dew-point temperature an °f o f temperature was 8.7 deg. The mean deg ree e a humidity of the air was 72 ; complete sa tm , ore being represented by 100. The mean tempert”fho of the water of the Thames was 50'5 deg' of blew from the north-east till Thursday n the noon ; it then changed to south-east, and ° No in the s and afternoon of Saturday was in the south-west. rain fell during the week. VS' ANOTHER DEFAULTER IN ST. PANCRAS. -- terday the newly-elected board of directors were thrall.. into a state of consternation by th e an nouncement by "lea Plaw, the clerk, that on the previous day it was discover A n ot that Mr. E. F. Browne, collector of No. 5 ward, b9"Ainis paid is weekly collction into the bank, and, to his house, he was gone. The amount is not yet kuoW GARIBALDI. The Gazette de _Liege publishes the following document. It purports to be a set of instructions addressed by Garibaldi to the chiefs of the " Na- tional Society of Italy" in the different Italian States : " To THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF ITALY. " In the present state of Italian affairs the presi dent considers it his duty to transmit to the society the following secret instructions : " 1. No sooner have hostilities commenced be tween Piedmont and Austria than you will at once rise in insurrection to the cry of Vira l'ltalia e Vittorio Emmanuele—Out with the Austrians V " 2. If insurrection should be impossible in your own town, all young men able to bear arms will leave it, and proceed to the nearest town where insurrection has been already successful , or is likely to be so. Among neighbouring towns you will choose those nearest to Piedmont, where all Italian forces should be concentrated. " 3. You will make every effort to vanquish and disorganise the Austrian army, intercepting its communications, destroying its bridges and tele graphs, burning all depots of provisions or clothing, and making prisoners of all important persons in the Austrian service. " 4. Do not at first fire on Italian or Hungarian soldiers, but, on the contrary, endeavour to induce them to follow yOur own flag, and receive with open arms all .who give way to your exhortations. "5. Regular troops, who will embarrass the national cause will be at once sent into Piedmont. " 6. Wherever the insurrection is successful the man who stands higiiest in the popular estimation will assume military and civil authority, with the title of Provisional Commissioner for King Victor Emmanuel, and will maintain it until the arrival of the Commissioner despatched by the Piedmon tese Government. _ _ " 7. The Provisional Commissioner will abolish the taxes on bread, corn, &c., and in general all taxes which do not exist in Sardinian territory. "8. A levy will at once be made, by means of c,nscription, of young men from 18 to 20 years of age, in the proportion of 10 to 1,000 of the gross population. All men also, from 20 to 35, willing to bear arms in defence Of the national indepen dence, may be received as volunteers, both con scripts and volunteers being at once despatched to Piedmont. "9. The Provisional Commissioner will appoint a council of war, with power to try and punish, within 24 hours, all who may be guilty of crimes against the national causes, or against the life or property of pacific citizens. The council will make no distinctions of rank or class, but no person may be punished for crimes committed anterior to the insurrection. " 10. He will not allow of the establishment of political journals, but he will publish a bulletin of all facts which it is necessary to make public. " 11. He will dismiss from their posts all magis trates or officers who may be opposed to the new order of things, always proceeding with prudence axd caution . " 12. He will maintain the severest discipline, applying to all the laws suitable during a time of war. He will be inexorable to deserters, and will g'Te the strictest orders on this subject to all his subordinates. " 13. He will send to King Victor Emmanuel a precise description of the arms, ammunition, and money found in the various towns and provinces, and he will await commands on this subject. " 14. In ease of necessity he will make requisi tions for money, horses, carts, shops, &c., always giving a corresponding receipt ; but he will punish with the utmost rigour all who shall make requisi tions of this kind without the most pressing neces sity, or without making a definite contract. " 15. Until the time referred to in the first article of these instructions you will use every means in your power for manifesting the aversion which Italy feels for the Austrian domination and for the Governments dependent on Austria, as well as her love for independence and her confidence in the House of Savoy and the Piedmontese Government ; but you will do all in your power to prevent un timely or isolated movements. " For the President, " The Vice-President, GARIBALDI. " Turin, March 1." Her Majesty and his Royal Highness the Prince Consort, attended by a limited retinue of the Royal House hold, are expected to leave Buckingham Palace on Saturday next for the Pavilion at the Camp at Aldershot. The Queen and the Prince Consort will remain there until Monday afternoon. His Royal Highness the Duke de Nemours visited her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent yesterday al Clarence House, St. James's. Her Excellency Madame Musurus and Madame Moreira, and Baron Brunnow, were prevented by indis position from attending the Queen's Drawing room on Saturday last. _ _ The Duke and Duchess of Marlborough have returned to town - from Blenheim, where they have been entertaining a select circle for some days past. The Marquis and Marchioness of Normanby have left Florence, where they have been resident for several years past, for Munich, owing to the unsettled state of political matters in the fo. mer country. The Earl and Countess Spencer are expected at Spencer House in a few days from Althorp Hall, Northamp tonshire, for the season. The Earl and Countess of Winchilsea have arrived at tho St. George's Hotel, from Eastwell Park, Kent. The Earl and Countess of Winterton and family have arrived at Portland-place for the season, from Shil lingleo Park, Sussex. The Countess of Lucan has arrived at the Queen's Hotel, tipper Norwood. Lord and Lady Algernon St. Maur have arrived at the St. George's Hotel. Lady Pakington has issued cards for assemblies on the IGth and 23d inst., at the first Lord's official resi dence in the Admiralty. " MAJORITY" OF THE EARL OF COVENTRY.—For 16 years the title of the Earl of Coventry has been held by a minor, and during the whole of that period the family property in Worcestershire and elsewhere has been accu mulating. The young lord came of age on Monday last, and the event was celebrated by festivities on the largest scale ever before known in the district. His lordship's tenantry met at Croome [louse, the family seat, about six miles from Worcester, where an address was presented and suitably acknowledged. The greater Rat of the visitors then attended divine service at the parish church, after which a dinner was given to the cottagers and others on the estate, numbering upwards of a thousand. His lordship afterwards invited the tenantry to dine with him, arid in the meantime the park and grounds were filled by thousands upon thou sands of visitors from all parts of the country who partici pated in rustic sports until night. At Worcester there was a general holiday and a public dinner at the Guildhall, which was attended by Lord Lyttelton, Lord Beauchamp, the high sheriff of the county, the sheriff of the city, &c. Of course the health of the Earl of Coventry was rap turously received here and at Croome, and the festivities were prolonged until a late hour. Yesterday (Tuesday) there was another public dinner at Pershore, in the midst of the Coventry property, and also a feast for the poor, with rustic games, and othor entertainments. To-night his lord ship gives a ball to the tenantry and their friends, and the festivities will not be closed until the end of the week. There has been no such public celebration in Worcestershire within the recollection of the oldest inhabitant, the Coventry name being vely much respected in the county. RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern . 835 832 50 New ditto. • 712 50 .. 715 Lyons and Mediterranean 740 .. 737 50 New ditto Geneva 412 50 Southern Western 462 50 .. 457 50 Eastern Sardinian Austrian Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. sc. ; money, 25f. 21e. ; three months, paper, 24f. 871 e.; money, 211.85 c. SARDIN lA. The following are further offiei 11 bulletins from Turin : " No. 16.—MAY 7th, Morning.—The enemy has evacuated Castelnuovo Scriv ia, taking the direction of Casei, Gerola, and Pontecurone. They have loopholed the walls of the church Della Croce, and are preparing to burn the bridge. Other French troops have arrived at Turin, both infantry and artillery. No important movement on the part of Pc RI are