The Sun. — London, England, 1862-08-15 00:00:00

F U N, " EVERY WEEK. ONE PENNY. CRYSTAL PALA CE.-TO-Al ORROW (SATURDAY.) ONE SHILLING. Open from Ninc o'clock until dark. ORYSTAL P Al, A CE.-T &MORROW (SATURDAY.) Open at Nine. Orchestral Band at One. Fountains e , d Military Bands at Three ea s t ve. r - Great Organ Performance by Mr. Itssa, half-past Combined Military :and Orchestral Bands in G O chestra, quarter to Five. ONE SHILLING. CRYSTAL PALACE.—ORGA N. Mr. W. T. BEST, Organist of st. oesplau, Liver pool, will give a SPECIAL PERFORMANCE on the Great Handel Festival Organ TO-MORROW (SATURDAY), at half-past Three o'clock. Programme —l. Air, with variations, in A major, Ad. Hesse. 2. Otlertolre in C majo r, Letibure, Wily. 3. An dante,esley—Grand Fu,gue, J. L. 4. March composed tor his High ness the \ Iceroy of Egypt, Keebs. W. T. Best , . 5. Grand Fantasia in r minor, Mozart. 6 . Overture in C major (op. 24), Mendelsohn. *** For full particulars of amusements see first page. THEATRE -ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. This Evening-, A KISS IN THE DARK. After which, the first part of the , Arab Entertainment at half-past 7. To b e followed by THE COLLEEN BAWN. To conclude with THE ARABS OF THE DESERT. A Troupe of theißeni- Zoug-Zoug. Commence at 7. THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Thie Evening, FISH OUT OF WATER. After which, OUR AMERICAN COUSIN. With CELOS Y'CALIA. And THE CHRISTENING. Commence at 7. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI. This Evening, OUR CLERKS. After which, MEDEA. Followed by THE PRETTY HORSEBREAKER. And THE SHILLINU DAY. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Thief Evening THE RENDEZVOUS. Alter which, at a quarter to 8, KING HENRY VIII. With THE TWO POLTS. Commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. This Evening, PEEP O'DAY. Followed by KILLAR NEY. Conclude with THE COLLEEN BAWN SETTLED AT LAST. Commence at 7. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. This Evening, MAZEPPA. Brilliant Scenes in the Circle. Concluding with a Comic Ballet. Commence at 7. MR, and MRS. CHARLES MATHEWS " AT HOME'," Aoncert at Her Majesty's C Room, Haymarket, This Evening. Commence at 8. W. S. WOODIN'S CABINET OF CURIOSITIES, Polygraphic Hall, King William-street, Charing-cross. Commence at 8. ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Wind mill-street, Hay market. Open every evening for Promenade and Dancing. CANTERBURY HALL.—EVERY EVENING. — Grand Selections from " Don Sebastien" and "Il Trovatore." Marshall as "Lord Dundreary"—Eugene, Unsworth. and Duley, the great comic trio, &c. The picture gallery open on sunday evenings, Commence at 7. THE OXFORD, 6, OXFORD-STREET, EVERY EVENlNG.—Verdi's " Il Corsaro," with full band and chorus.—The comic performance of Miss Caroline ar Pkes dities D e bonnaire on the Flying Trapeze —The Ethiopian oddities of Rumsey, Newcomb, &c. Commence at 7. NOTICE. All remittances are, henceforth, to be made to Mr. JOHN CHAPLIN, at The Sun office, 112, Strand, who has been appointed, by the Lord Chancellor, Receiver and Manager of The Sun per, and the outstanding debts due in Le wspa respec t th:reof• SIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tins DAy.—Morning,. 512. 16m.—Afternoon, sh. 34m. TO-MORROW.-Moming, 511 . 53m. —Afternoon, 6h. 10m. ~., .... t-- ,t.., _ -)i c t i „,,:,, t r . • ._". - ,:"-, s ~,'' ' 1 ' • ''" - . ;••:k '-' __ - '*. -4,4 A ..s --'s. •;ii4- - ... 1 4. E 1 ..;,., ---.40,,,,,, le__ ......•• THE SUN. LONDON, FRIDAY, AUGUST 15, 1862. Is the end of the great American struggle at hand, or is it to renew itself in the autumn with fresh vigour ? What hundreds of thousands on both sides the water would be thankful indeed for a certain answer to this question. In America the peace party must cemprise all the commercial men who make no profit by the w ar, and all the intelli gent and humane men who are not carried away by ambition, by Monroe doctrines, and manifest des tiny nonsense, In Europe every Government which has a cotton manufacturing district, with the hundreds of thousands who inhabit those districts, must be but too desirous of peace. If, however, we cannot have peace, the next best alternative for Europe would be the certainty of a many years' war. This cruel certainty would at least bring with it the blessing of cotton producing countries knowing what to do. The great check to enterprise in cotton cultivation, now, is the fear that on the ces sation of the war some four millions bales of cotton will be thrown on the market, and as the necessities of the long blockaded States will compel sales on any terms, all the countries which have pushed their cotton cultivation will be subject to ruin ously low prices. But for this fear, we believe that even sluggish Manchester would put herself in direct communication with Indian ryots. It has been suggested that the large amount of cotton in America is not seriously diminished. If there has been little burning, it is said there must have been a large consumption for manufac turing coarse military vestments in the blockaded States ; while the necessity, there, of growing the feed which they formerly imported must have prevented the cultivation of cotton since the war be gan. There seems high probability in this even, but it is probability only ; and the fact re ams, that efforts at cotton-growing in India and all ove r the world are repressed by the fear of a premature close of the war. If, indeed, the Yankees and the Southerns would take the good people of Blackburn as advisers, their bloody struggles migh t soon come to an end. After long and able address in favour of recognition of the Southern Confederacy, an amendment was large meeting on pa ssed, at a Th ur sday week : international rdeissyseue`tetu.sny " That this meet-no recognisi ng the desirability o f , referring al l to impartial asbitration fo r settlement, urges the G o vernment of t his country immediat e l y to co on Powers • operate with other Europ in roe _ unties in A " 111- mending to the contending part- ra ss i, t the and above plan, as the simplest mo st satistaes ot s y method of restoring and establishing peace, and in recom mend the their negotiations to strongly abolition of slavery." Th ere certainly never was a case which so urgently demande d the intervention of arbitration , if such a t hin g were possible between powerful and angry nations. The questto no of boundary, and of river navigation, are such as can be settled only in one of tkree way s --that of an impartial arbitration ; that o.f one party becoming strong enough to enforce its te.rms on the other ; and that of both fighting until so .exlmusted that they are compelled to patch up soLne kind of formal cr tacit agreement. We fear than .neither party could yet be brought to agree with the other on the mere bases for an arbitration ; as se on as the attempt to shape these began, it would be seen how much there was which neither 'would surren,ier except on compulsion, At pre sent, h Wevel , there appears to be no chance of the party of reas cm listened being to for a moment. Recurring, then, to the prospects of ,the domi parley of one side or the exhaustion of both, what is the pict ure p re sented us by the later, by the last telegram , - We are sorry to think it a very hope less one. The North, too, proud to give up, the South too clever and too strong to be beaten. Minor military and naval advanta ges with the Souti Iy dogged determination to rein its adyan. txges on the part of the North. Pecuniary ex haustion not hindering defensive operations in the South ; floods of paper money hiding from viow the real pecuniary exhaustion of the North. The South resorting, without offending its population, to con scription ; the North threatening conscription, in vain, to induce its population to accept unheard-of bounties for enlistment. Three hundred thousand volunteers demanded by ABRAHAM LINCOLN—a tenth of them procured; and a second demand for three hundred thousand more to enlist till next spring. How the Southern Government responds to these Northern demands we are not told. How the people respond we see in their renewed aotivity in all the Southern and Border States which are seats of war. There seems not to be a single symptom of either or both parties giving up—unless it be the backwardness of the North to enlist. The latest news seems pretty well to account for the backwardness. It is not easy to see where a recruit could look, and wish to join the ranks. M'CLELLAN offers him nothing but sickness, or weary waiting with occasional skirmishes. Nothing like marching to assured victory. His position, indeed, seems rather to grow more perilous. His opponents seem to be not only on each Fide the James River, up which his supplies and reinforce ments must come, but to be threatening his fleet itself,from the city with ironsides which his tardy movements have allowed it to build. From what is reported, it would not be surprising if the Con federates should render the James River as unman ageable as they made the Potomac all winter. If so, M'CLELLAN, after defending himself, as we are told the place enables him to do, would have no alternative but to follow the example of his prede cessor in the Peninsula, Lord CORNWALLIS. we read of M'CLELLAN'S ordering his men to prepare for ac tion on the 29th ; but it was not to act against Richmond, but against the formidable STONEWALL JACKSON ; and that because he could not learn where this übiquitous soldier actually was, or where he was likely to strike next. Perhaps a recruit might like the look of things with General POPE as well as anywhere. With him he would be allowed to quarter himself freely on Secessionists, and to make use of such of their property as was necessary in war. A rather ample limitation in the eyes of an Irish or German sol dier. But POPE has, so far as we can see, work enough in holding the upper part of the Shenan doah Valley, and enabling the inhabitants of Wash ington to sleep in peace. He, too, is as much in fear of finding JACKSON down upon him as M'CLEL LAN is, and another Confederate General, EwELL, is certainly watching him so near that only mutual fear can long delay an engagement. Through all the rest of the Northern line of attack nothihg, or worse than nothing, is doing. On the Atlantic, Charleston and Savannah detain their portions of the Federal army and navy before them, but they to have no fear whatever of any serious attack. Mobile appears to have been relieved, and on the Mississippi the Confederates have regained much of their strength since they drove Commanders FARRAGUT and DATIS from Vicksburg. We should not like to be exactly in BUTLER'S position at New Orleans, since, if the gunboats should fail to pro tect him, between the climate and the Federalist troops in that quarter, he would certainly be driven :o a surrender. The Arkansas seems quits to have infuriated the Federal naval commanders, and they made a spirited, but unsuccessful attempt upon her under the guns of Vicksburg. But she still lives to run down and destroy, it may be, great numbers of Federal transports, and pobsibly some gunboats. As little can recruits look for much to stimulate :he warlike ardour in their bosoms by service in the Border States. It seems but ignoble work. Through the greater part of them, the Federals have quite enough to do to watch for guerillas, who may pounce upon their pickets, or any small body of them before they are aware of it. The truth is, the PRESIDENT and his friends to the last reso lutely refuse their natural allies. They justify all that is said of their anti-negro feeling by the advo cates of the South here. They will continue to prove that, in recognising the North as the United States, we recognises Government hostile to negroes, hostile to their emancipation, hostile to allowing them to fight for their own liberties and the Union. The PRESIDENT told the Border States that the Abolitionists pressed hard upon him—we now have their reply, and it is "to save the Union you must throw over the Aboli tionists, and give up the emancipation and confis cation policy," while the Governor of Kentucky convenes his Legislature to consider the whole "situation," and to provide for the safety of Ken tucky institutions. The trembling PRESIDENT re joins by promising once more to accept negroes only as labourers, not as soldiers." How can this country be justly accused by the North of sympathising with slaveholders, when the North itself shows a far stronger sympathy with them ? So far as slavery is concerned we may as con sistently recognise the South, as we have hitherto recognized the North. Scarcely worth a song, or a fig, or a straw—are nearly synonymous phrases expressive of a very small amount of value. But JENNY LIND and the Singing Bullfinch ought certainly to go far towards striking out of the list, the first of those three odd little types of worthlessness. Until very recently that wonderful automaton the Piping Bullfinch was bringing in at the great Exhibition from £4O to £5O a day, or between £2OO and £3OO a week to swell the funds now collecting for the relief of the distressed among the manufacturers of Lancashire. There were not wanting those among the more humane as well as among the more curious visitors to the Swiss Department who were willing any day out of the six to " pay the piper" for the benefit of the poor famishing operatives. At the rate of Ss. a head, the hearers of the marvellously pretty little acoustical phenomenon were always ready to gather around it, to listen to its performances. 1 And so soon as one assembly of visitors had been taril v It ' l l't same rate of payment upon the same momen. Ratified in this way, another was speedily collected Ettated spot set apart for this in every way excepti oulti hibition. Portion of the Great International Ex- Suddenly, 1101., bullfinch vas there was a stop put to all prohibited from singing. . this. The bull in aid of th e t ieee in vain. The Funds People offered their e Z as aeotdthreouvne,". zd t that daily , ver :u d fferers from the Cotton ganeashire F ac a c ru urn in u e l i a n ti L n sterling addi tiontot yi,,,,, undred pounds francs. GIBBON'S Venus was still i i o , : £4O or 1,000 perhein diem—g in . the Re. of neighb o ° , lv man Court, " the cyno sure t • still t ' g eyee Mn.rroN's Majolica F0110)1111 pl ash and sparked and glowed with prismatic 001.0tha as delightfully as ever under one of Captain Foviust,ti gigantic bell glasses. Th e Bronze Wrestlers s till struggled for life o r death upon their pedestal in the nave. The Russi an fruit, carved out of precious stones, made some of th e thirsty gazers' m ou th s water to have a bite at them. The stu pendous steam hammers still alternately shook the whole of the annex e (horrid Nord !) in which they yet carry on their Cyclopian labours— and then delicately cracked a nut without crushing the kernel, The colossal organ with its forest of stops TUE SUN, LONDON, FRID ye EVENING, AUGUST 15, 1,965 A —the grand piano with all the latest improvements —every musical instrument that yields melody to the performer's breath or to the touch of his hands, could be seen—and heard too, in many instances—at pleasure, in various parts of the great ugly build ing. But the little Bullfinch, the " noe bright particular star" among the performers—literally the bijou among them all —was silenced. His song was abruptly and peremptorily hushed—that song that was really " worth" something ! That carried not only its charm of wonder to the ears of the de lighted listeners, but bore comfort also far away to the north, to the poor starving operatives out of work and out at elbows here and there all over Lancashire. It was a most arbitrary interruption. It was vexatious to the visitors daily crowding the halls and galleries of the Exhibition. It was especially cruel to the famishing manufacturers who were deriving from it substantial aid. Who was the authority, whose whim or peevishness —in every way incomprehensible—had thus suddenly put a stop to so much harmless pleasure, and at the same time to so much practical benevolence ? appearance it from signed, e this d i , A letter of a rather curious kind, in every p oint of view, to-day makes , its En a m Pl:a s, t is ign offending official. ,C. n Secretary to the Chief Commissioner for Switzer land. And, certainly, of all the odd explanations ever given by m ortal man efnotr, he appears, from first an eccentric act this is about the v er y oddest. Accor ding to M. HER MANN'S Own acknowledgment, to last, in this matter, to have acted entirely upon hi s own responsibility. His principal, i.e., M. VoGM, the Chief Swiss Commissioner, he (the Secretary) tells us is away. And it is during VOGH'S absence from London, that M. HER MANN, his Secretary, has very cleverly contrived to bring this unnecessary discredit upon the Swiss Department. And that, too, at the very time when everybody's attention'was directed towards it I After volunteering the remark,' I beg to state that I should deeply regret any step by which the Lan cashire operatives should be deprived of a source so beneficial to their interests"—M. HERMANN adds (with quite a Lord DIINDREARY non sequitur)— " I, nevertheless, cannot deny that it was I who requested Mr. LINTON to stop his bullfinch till further orders would be given to him, with the true intention not to stop, but to transfer it to some more convenient and more spacious place outside of the Swiss Department, and to apply to the Royal Commissioners for this purpose." Of course it never occurred to him that the cart might, perhaps, more reason ably follow than precede the horse—that it might have been perhaps just as well if another locality had been found before this peremptory mandate was issued : stopping the mimic carol of the Bullfinch, and stopping at the same time, con sequently, the dropping in of the £4O odd a-day, or £250 a week into the ciborium for the Lancashire manufacturers. Not for the world would he do anything so harsh—and yet he did it ! And now having done it, he actually attempts to throw the blame or a considerable part of it at least upon— Mr. LINTON ! So that (almost we had called him) the Victim—is pointed at as the arch-Offender !" I regret," says the Secretary, whose own order (he has himself acknowledged it) hushed the song of the Bullfinch," I regret that Mr. LINTON did not apply to me, after having received my orders. becaure things would have been settled amicably, and acted according to his first impressions." The cap is there quite evident, is in a manner tangibly and visibly before us. But— placed on Mr. LINTON'S head—it don't fit. Sup pose Mr. HERMANN tries it on his own ! But the Secretary to the Swiss Commissioners, in this dilemma into which he has unwittingly blundered, adduces—just, as the late Sir ROBERT PEEL used to do upon any emergency, with his three coarses.—three reasons("very valid reasons" M. HERMANN here calls them) by way of explanation. The first is one that has never been heard of be fore, namely, that several of the articles in the Swiss department, in the immediate neighbourhood of the automaton singing bird, have been exposed to seri ous damage—nay, the Secretary goes so far to add, several " had already been partially damaged"—by the crowd attracted to listen to the little toy song ster. Hearing which reason one can only wonder at the excellence of the arrangements made there from the first, in the Swiss department ! Reason number two is to the effect that Mr. LIN TON is not (any more than is his partner M. AUBERT) a Swiss Exhibitor at all ! Di ais que diable allait it faire clans eette galere ? Upon whose responsibility, by whose permission, at whose instance—comes Mr. LINTON, and with him his partner (joint owners of the Singing Bullfinch) among the real bona fide Exhibitors there in the Swiss Depart ment ? Reason number three is so particularly curious in its way, that we give it as it is ex pressed in the Secretary's own words—namely, " That the taking of money for the show of articles inside the building, for however laudable an ob ject it may be, it appeared to me, and indeed was hinted at [sensitive Mr. HERMANN] by several [not a name is mentioned !] as a departure from the rules and regulations of the Interna tional Exhibition. If," the Swiss Secre tary goes on to say, "an exception is to be made in favour of so excellent a charity es that of the Lancashire Relief Fund, and if the Royal Commissioners are agreed to it, I for one shall applaud it as much as any person—[stopping it all the while, observe !]—but, as far as I am aware of, no permission to that effect has either been asked by or granted to Mr. LINTON, and I confess that if a rule is to be infringed upon, and that by an exhibitor who does not even belong to my deparment, I would rather it be done outside than inside the Swiss Court." So actually, by way of mending the matter, the Secretary to the Swiss Commissioner concludes his explana tion thus with a very grand air and tone of—virtuous indignation ! Quite unconscious, while indulging in this little flourish, that grand though the air and tone may be they are also excessively ridiculous. However—all said and done—the Automaton Bullfinch is again singing for the benefit of the distressed operatives in Lancashire. But certainly no thanks to the Secretary to the Swiss Commissioner. COMMUTATION OF THE SENTENCE UPON WM. HERDMAN.—The Crown have commuted the sentence upon NV m. Herdman to penal servitude for life, on the ground of his eccentricities, and the fact that the memorial in his favour has been signed by the bishop of the diocese, by the Roman Catholic bishop, and by 4,000 of the most influen tial inhabitants of Belfast,—Dublin Evening Mail. As to the question how eel-breeding would pay as a commercial speculation, we can present a few figures by way of data for calculations on that part of the case. The quantity of eel fry which ascend from the sea into the lagoon is positively enormous : they proceed in such myriads as quite to defy enumeration. What is called the seeding (that is, the filling with fish) of the lagoon Commences early in February, when column upon column of the young eels may be found pr.ceeding up the are al and also up the two rivers. The sluices closed, and they sluices for _o,,ctourse all opened wide, and they remain open aup76.edtthree months, till the whole of the young fish are 4, : t tsve ascended. About the end of April the never seek to leave stinct moves tbsiloewnv , and the fish are then securely in till their breeding in siseeesiuble size—from four to five pounds attained to a masi. logain the sea, at which time they have a to grow at the rate of about one r Year. At 1 so m any as 1,800 to the pound, nrbt the fry will number ' :etlignhdt.weigieht ieneleaeh I moo of a year or two, will be worth s4o.—•Once el Week. LATEST NEWS. INDIA. :From Telegraph , to India, Company's Station, Jabal.) BOMBAY, JULY 27. An enormous rise has taken place in the price of cotton. Shirtings and twist in active demand. Copper advancing. Opium, Malwa, 1,610 r. Exchange on London, first-class credits, 2s. Oid. Government securities, Four per Cents., 94t. Freight, 675. 6d. (By Telegraph to Bombay.) CALCUTTA, JUL!' 27. Shirtings in demand. Mule twist decidedly im proved, Copper higher. Indigo quiet. Exchange on London, 2s. 00. Government securities—Four per Cents., 94 Five per Cents., 1041; Five-and-a• Half per Cents., 1121. Fi eight, 755. THE BANK OF FRANCE. PARIS, AUG. 15 (Morning). The Moniteur of this morning publishes the usual monthly return of the Bank of France, which shows the following results, as compared with the July account : DECREASE. Francs. Cash in hand 7l millions. Bills discounted, not yet due Advances . 3f, millions. Bank-notes... ll 1-3 millions. Treasury balance Current accounts The Dloniteur contains, also, several nominations to the Legion of Honour. GARIBALDI'S MOVEMENTS. TURIN, AIM. 15. The official Gazette of to-day denies a report cur rent here that a demonstration had been made by the Italian squadron off Palermo, by means of placards bearing the words, "Rome or death !" The authorities have taken measures to prevent a great demonstration which is being prepared in Messina. Garibaldi is still at Castrogiovanni, where volun teers are continually arriving. Their number is variously stated to be between 3,000 and 4,000. The Royal troops continue their movements. The Procurator of the King at Palermo has been dismissed for having quitted his post. The Monarchic Nazionale of to day says : " Rumours are afloat that a demonstration is be ing orgitnised in this city, and will take place to morrow." There is no truth in the statement, made by a Turin paper, that a portion of the Garibaldians had attempted to cross the Straits of Messina, but had been prevented by cruisers. THE BOMBAY MAIL. ALEXANDRIA, AUG. 14. The Euxine and Ellora, with the above mail, left here this day at 10 a.m. for Marseilles and Soatla ampton respectively. (The Ellora may be expected at Southampton about the 27th inst.) The Malta brought the mails to Suez, arriving there yesterday. The Northman, with the London mail of the 20- 26th June, left Galle for Australia on the 23d July. BERLIN, AUG. 14, EVENING. The semi-official Allgemeine Preussische (Stern) Zeitung of to-day contains a leading article on the apprehension of a pretended impending change in the Constitution on the occasion of the discussion of the Military Budget. It considers the difficulty exists in the fact that no provision is made by the Constitution for the possibility of the Supplies not being voted by the time they are required. The writer proceeds : " It cannot be expected that the Government will consent to the diminution of the general budget, by which the progress already made in re-organising the army would be destroyed. The Government of the King would violate its most sacred duty if it did not make use to the fullest extent of its constitutional position for carrying out the reform which is con sidered indispensable to the welfare of the State. If, unfortunately, an understanding should not be attained, the Government will undoubtedly re gulate the further steps it may consider it its duty to adopt by the rights conferred upon it by the Constitution, and we are enabled most dis tinctly to repel the odious suspicion of any coup d'etat or breach of that constitution being intended. The course which the Government may think proper, in accordance with the Constitution, to adopt, depends wholly upon the nature of the reso lutions arrived at by the opposite party, and can not be previously determined." A telegram from Berlin states that the Military Commission of the Prussian Chamber, in its sitting of yesterday (12th), rejected the vote for the ex penses of the reorganization of the army, amount ing to 2,138,000 thalers. Only four members of the Commission supported the vote. DRESDEN, AUG. 14. The Official Journal of to-day contains the follow ing telegram from Frankfort-on-the-Main :--- " In the sitting of the Federal Diet to-day, the project for the reform of the Federal Constitution, which has been introduced, was referred to a special committee. " The representative of Prussia opposed and pro tested against the project. He considered una nimity upon the question of reform essential, and did not b e li eve th e proposed arrangement would prove satisfactory. The nation required more. These were national r epresentation and increased means of defence. "The representative of Saxony offered some re marks in explanation of the project. " The Federal Diet then adjourned until the 9th of October." VIENNA, AUG. 14. The city is to be illuminated this evening in honour of the return of the Empress, whose health is entirely re-established. BELGRADE, AUG. 14. A telegram received here to-day states that in the conference upon the Servian question held yes teL day, at Constantinople, no result was attained. The representatives of the different Powers were unable to agree as to the guarantees to be given by Turkey to the Servian Government respecting the fortress of Belgrade. THE ROYDO N HALL MURDER.—The six men in custody, viz., J oseph Obey, Thomas St evens , George All chin, John elap son (alias "Happy Jack, of Sussex") John Hawkes, and St e ph en B urgess, were b roug ht up on Wed nesday for final e xam i na ti on b e f orgo J. Savage, Esq., at the magistrates' office,M Hall, East Peckl, Town ailing, charged with night p o aching and th e w i l f u l mur d er o f J ames Gray, he ad gam ekeeper in th e serv i ce o f Ma j or C oo k e , of Roydo n —am. There are still two parties concerned s peedy apprehensi on. All th e pr i sone rs admitted hav in g in the affray at large, but there is little doubt of their been present at th e a ff ray, b u t d en i e d having fired the e n. The prisoners were fully committed on the charge of night poaching and the manslaughter of James Gray. THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA LIVERPOOL, Ara. 14. The City of Washington, already reported at Queenstown, with telegraphic advices from New York to the evening of the sth, via Cape Race, has arrived. Her war advices have been superseded by the late telegram. The New York Shipping and Conztnercial List of the 2d says, in reference to the position of commer cial affairs : " The favourable advices from Europe received per steamer Australasian, on Wednesday last, created a much better feeling in financial and commercial circles than pre viously obtained—owing to the fact that many people were led by the reiterations of the sensation press on both sides of the Atlantic, to consider a rupture of the existing friendly relations between the United States and the mother coun try as imminent—and could not be persuaded that the danger was chimerical, while the mediation motion' was 1 pending in the British Parliament. The agreeable news that it had been offered, opposed, and finally withdrawn, at the request of Lord Palmerston, therefore, was most agreeably received, and a more cheerful feeling was at once apparent. There was a total absence of unfavourable war ru mours, and with the belief that everything was going right in Virginia and elsewhere, business men and capitalists were alike confident that a favourable current would soon set in, which should render the speedy return of prosperity a matter of certainty. The stock-market ruled firm, and though business was moderate, yet there was a good feeling everywhere manifest. Confidence was shaken yesterday by various rumours of more fighting on the Tames River, with more reverses to the Federal army, however, and though nothing definite could be ascertained, yet the mere rumour that General M'Clellan's army bad been again defeated was sufficient to cause a decline in all kinds of stocks, while gold ruled temporarily higher. The rumour was not generally credited, but there was a general indisposition to deal very largely in stocks during the rest of the day." The Journal of Commerce reports the markets less animated in consequence of the inauguration of the tariff having pressed business in advance. The money market remained vary quiet, and the rates were nominally unchanged. There was scarcely anything doing, but what little movement there was was on the basis of 5 to 6 per cent. for call loans, Prime endorsed bills, 60 to 90 days, 4 to 5 per sent.; ditto, 4 to 6 months, 6 to 7 per cent.; first-class single signatures, 5 to 6 per cent.; other good bills, 6to 7 per cent. per annum. In exchange, a further reduction in the prem:um on gold ; the sales were nominally lower. Business had been light, at our quotations below—the market at the close being unsettled. Bills on London, 125 to 127 per cent.; Paris, 4f. 45c. to 4f. 521 c. ; Bremen, 90 to 91; and thalers, 82 to 83. The crops are reported as being in a most favour able condition, and promise a large yield. SOUTHAMPTON, Aue. 15. The North German Lloyd's steamship New York, with dates from America to the 2d instant, has arrived. She brings 212 passengers, 110,322 dole. in specie for England, 11,000 dole. for France, and 700 dole. for Bremen. FRANCE. BOURSE, Aug. 14. The market closed as follows : It per Cents. 9B Do. end month 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 95 New 3 per Cents Do. end month — Credit Mobilier 852 50 Do. end month 852 50 • Bank Shares 3190 • Credit F onoier 1232 50 i Piedmontes( Fives 71 r Italian Loan 7l 05 • Roman — • Austrian 1 Spanish Threes 5O 75 I Home Debt - MAYS. RAIL' Cash. Account. Orleans lOl2 50 .. 1016 25 Northern New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 1097 50 .. 1096 25 Geneva — Southern Western Eastern .... 538 75 .. 537 50 Sardinian .. — .. 362 50 Austrian Lombard DREADFUL FIRE AND Loss OF THREE LIVES.— This morning, between 1 and 2 o'clock, a fire broke out in the lofty mansion belonging to S. W. Barrett, Esq., in Cumberland-street, near the Marble Arch, which, we re gret to state, has been attended with the sacrifice of three human beings, and almost fatal consequences to nine others, who were fortunately saved by the Royal Society's fire escapes. FRIGHTFUL OCCURRENCE.—At an early hour yesterday morning, as a man named John Kent, employed on the premises of Messrs. Butler and Edwards, soap boilers, Grange-road, Bermondsey, was eagaged in prepar ing a quantity of bleaching lye (a composition of ashes and other materials used in the manufacture of soap), while walking along a plank placed on the side of the copper, he fell into the boiling liquid, and was so fearfully scalded that his recovery is despaired of. THE ISLEWORTH MURDERER.—The Secretary of State offers a reward of £lOO for the apprehension of Robert Cooper, alias Baker, alias Copeland, alias Baily, alias George Barnham, who is charged with the murder of Annie Barnham, at Isleworth, near Brentford, on the 7th inst. He is described as being a deserter from the 15th Hussars, from the 52d Foot, and from the Royal Marines, and as bearing the brand of the letter " D" on his shoulder. ACCIDENT ON THE EDINBURGH AND GLASGOW RAILWAY. — Last (Wednesday) night the 8.45 train from Edinburgh to Glasgow ran off the rails shortly after pass ing Ratho Station, and completely blocked up both lines, obstructing the whole traffic between north and south for nearly three hours. Both lines of rails have been torn up for several yards—the train having run diagonally across th e m, ploughing up the ground, and loosening the rails. Fortunately, the accident was not attended with any se rious results—the passengers having escaped with no greater injury than a rather violent shaking, with the ex ception of one man, who, in a paroxysm of alarm, jumped out of the carriage in which he was travelling, and sus tained a few trifling bruises or scratches. The train from the north, which joins the London train leaving Waverley Bridge Station at 10.15, had to be brought to a stand on approaching the scene of disaster, and the passengers changed carriages—the train from the north being sent on with the Glasgow passengers, while a telegraphic message was forwarded to Edinburgh for carriages to enable the others to proceed on their journey. Owing to the distance between the broken-down train and the nearest station on either side, a considerable delay took place before the mes sage could be despatched—and the result was that the first instalment of passengers were only brought on to Edin burgh about a quarter of an hour before midnight, and fresh carriages were thereafter despatched to convey the re mainder. At midnight about 50 passengers bound for Lon don found themselves on the platform at Waverley.-bridge station, upwards of an hour and a half sfter the London train had been despatched, and they had no alternative but to seek accommodation in hotels for the night. It is sup posed that the accident was caused by the recent heavy rains having saturated the embankment, and caused a quantity of earth and stones to slip, covering the rails with rubbish. The last instalment r f the passengers ar rived in Edinburgh about one o'clock this morning.— Scotsman. AN EDUCATIONAL RETROSPECT.—After the fear of the great Napoleon died out, an enthusiasm for " education " burst forth. Little children, from the time they could speak, were to be made, by a new method, 'wiser than ever little children were before. They were puzzled with questions ; they were crammed with knowledge; Dissenters' schools expanded and multiplied ; and rural labourers' children were taken from the field and the dairy, and the cottage cradle and oven, to be shut up in a scaool for nine years together, " getting learning," as their parents supposed, but coming out as little able to read anything but a "chapter," or to keep the weekly accounts, as to trim a hedge or make a cheese. The young gentry were not much better off. Boys in our public schools had their races, and games, and fights ; and they kept up the repute of English pluck and activity ; but it was a dull time for the others. It was piteous to see home-bred chil dren take their daily constitutional walk. Happy those in the towns who knew of a place where timber was lying, where they might at least get some jumping Happy those who knew of a green slope where they might roll, or who dared to trespass into a hayfield where they might get a tumble once a year I Happy those who could reach a heath where they might play hide-and-seek among the furze! But for one such, there were hundreds of children who walked two-and-two along the high road, too many with lesson books, moving their lips as they walked ; and the rest driven to gossip, in the absence of any other interest. They were as unfortunate as so many Quakers, or nearly. They were not in infancy set on high stools for an hour at a time, to fit them for silent meetings ; they were not kept quite so tame in their boisterous years ; but we saw in a whole gene. ration of middle-class people the same tendency to inane play that we see in Quaker children, and incipient monks and premature evangelicals, and Shakers, and Tunkers, and bookworms, and all tberest of the body-despisers—the same helplessness in all emergencies, the same clumsiuesa of gait and sheepishness of manner.— Once a Week. GUNPOWDER AND FIREWORKS.—Araong the acts of parliament just printed is one to amend the Gunpowder Act of the previous session. The powers of the recited act are now e x t ended as to the issuing of wa rrants for gun 1313wder, and special powers are given to the Conservators of the River Thames to search for gunpowder. The powers are new extenied as to include loaded percussion caps, am merclay. and to any other talulition, fireworks, fulminating Promotion or con3positioa of an explosive nature. LITERATURE. John Arnold. By the author of Mathew Paxton," &C., &c. 3 vols. Hurst and Blackett. It is not from the higher classes that the author of the work before us has chosen his acters, neither has he descended among those of the lowest grade— he has selected them rather from that middle station, which, without being sunk in poverty, is compelled to work for a livelihood, and in which the qualities of industry and intelligence are pretty sure to meet with appreciation and success. John Arnold, the hero of the tale, son of a Northumberland farmer, had such strong mechanical tendencies that he de clined to follow his father's vocation, and, with his brother Frank, became an engineer. At the open ing of the tale, he is at Liverpool bidding goodbye to his friend Harry Grey, who is engaged to his sister Marion and about to start as engineer in a steamer bound to the East, and the author thus indicates his character :—" We have said that there was a decided contrariety of character in these two brothers. The elder, a strong man in every sense of the word, was ambitious of power far more than of fame, having his whole mind engrossed with his trade, and resolved by it to rise to the power he desiderated. With great mechanical skill, and already with a greater degree of scientific know ledge than was usually at that time found amon g his compeers, he had resolved he would not be chained down to the dull mechanical routine of the shop, nor be content with the quantum of know ledge, practical and theoretical, he already possessed; but he felt that he must press on, and become mas ter of all that could be learned. He would never be content till that time came ; he could not, would not, struggle for advancement before that period Perhaps he felt that the resolute determination to advance, even while going from town to town, from foundry to foundry, was that very struggle itself ; and he would have been right. John Arnold might be set down as a hard man. So he was. When anything was to be done nothing could daunt him in the way of labour:, no difficulty overcame him ; he might have to puzzle his brains, to try and to fail, and perhaps try again and again with the like result, but his resolve was to push on determinedly till he was competent to take his stand among the chief engineers of the land." It is evident that such a character contains the elements of success, and although his path was by no means free from dif ficulties, he ultimately attains his goal. His brother Frank, of a different mould, was successful also, though in another field, but with bim we have little to do, inasmuch as he remains at Liverpool whilst John takes passage in a steamer for Scotland. On the way a collision takes place in the channel owing to the drunkenness of the chief engineer, and which but for John's presence of mind would have been still more serious. As it was, the event proved for tunate to him, inasmuch as the captain, passengers, and agents of the ship united in giving him a re commendation to a great engineer in one of the towns on the Clyde, here called Grasaig, who at once gave him employment such as he desired. "To see him at his work sometimes, one would almost think he had engaged himself as an unskilled labourer, instead of being, what he really was, a thoroughly skilled artisan. At one time he has been among the boiler-makers, at another with the iron shipbuilders, doing the coarsest jobs, and having his mind ever fixed on the end, the thorough knowledge of his business, which he desiderates, John has been fortunate in finding employers who can and do appreciate his enthu siasm, and are willing to encourage him in his efforts ; and thus, day by day, he is practically learning, sometimes called off to his own particular branch, it is true. With his fellow-workmen he has met almost the same fate as he did in Liver pool. The majority of the men cannot understand him ; and when they see him, the skilled craftsman, putting his hand to what they consider beneath them and even degrading, they first wunder at and then annoy him. Moreover, the trade societies stand as stumbiingblocks in his way ; he will not join them, will be no member of the trades union, and always speaks discouragingly and with repro bation of strikes, the artisan's grand panacea for every evil, and the method by which they suppose they shall gain every good." To show the evil, effect and inutility of strikes is one aim of the work, and not very long after the arrival of John at the foundry one takes place, and the two leaders of the branch of the trades union established in Grasaig call on John and endeavour to per suade him to join them, but he is inflexible. "My objection," he says, to join the union, and to have anything to do with a strike, either by leaving work myself, or supporting those who do, is taken on principle. We have no right to try to compel a master to employ his capital only as we like, or to engage no man that we aren't pleased with. The master has as much right to freedom of choice and action, surely, as the man. Can't we leave when we like, and go where we like, and employ our capital, which is our skill and labour, as we like " But his arguments cannot alter their pur pose, and the greater part of the hands not only leave work themselves but strive to intimidate the few who, with John among them, remain. Much suffering among the families of the workmen en sues, and the men ultimately have to give in, but John, who had made himself especially obnoxious by causing the capture and punishment of some of the ringleaders, is treacherously waylaid, robbed, and almost killed. He is consoled, however, by the affection of a young lady named Annie Archbold. A machine which he invents turns out a great suc cess, he is taken into partnership by his master, and his position is secured. Meanwhile, his sister Marion, whose lover is on the sea, suffers a certain amount of indirect persecution at home because she will not encourage the addresses of a young minis ter named Johnson, who lodges at the farm. Rural Northumbrian life is here very naturally described, and forms an agreeable contrast to the scenes in the City. Of the dwelling we have the following pleasant picture. " The house itself seemed an ordinary farm-house of two stories, and with its out-buildings formed two sides of a square, or rather a parallelogram ; the garden, with its venerable fruit trees, covering the other part of what had originally been the camp of the Romans. Around, on every side, were a number of ancient trees, which sheltered the whole place from the prevailing winds, while they did not obstruct the view of the long stretch of cultivated country in front. The whole of the buildings were covered with magnificent ivy and honeysuckle, which gave the house an air of even greater antiquity than in reality it could boast. A deep but narrow stream flowed towards the German Ocean, through a very deep ravine in front, and must have materially in creased its defensibility in the olden times. The banks of this ravine, this den as it was popularly called, were, both towards the east and west, most picturesquely wooded, and presented many scenes of great beauty ; and there was little wonder that it was remembered affectionately by those who had roamed in childhood or youth within its shades searching for nests, gathering the fragrant prim roses and cowslips, and other sweet wild flowers more than we can name, or scrambling, all heedless of torn clothes and scratched hands, to pluck the blackberries and the nuts with which they so richly abounded." Ultimately, however, Harry Grey re turns, obtains profitable employment at home, and Marion's troubles are over. The novel is charac terised throughout by a genial and healthy tone, much of it is evidently drawn direct from nature, and it cannot fail to enhance the author's reputa tion. The St. James's Magazine. The opening article on " The Armstrong Gun" is by no means favourable to their inven tor, and quotes the testimony of Colonel Boxer, chief of the Laboratory Department at the Wool wich Arsenal, against it. speaking of the forts at Portsmouth : "The circumstancgs of the ease," says the writer, , i are so very plain that all who take the trouble may readily grapple With them. The forts are proposed to be built on the assump tion that Sir William Armstrong can make ord nance of s ufficient power to demoli s h ma il p l ates at rangeo va rying from 1,700 t o 3,000 yards. lias he, s can t r g P s c a l , i t or has he not—ca n he, is not a sserted that the real Armstrong o n heg not gone n i effect this demolition; on the contrary, Prgtetice , has unmistakeably demonstrated their utter in ability to effect such destruction at any range, however short. Sir William Armstrong himself has been driven to admit that they cannot; and at this point he elected to follow a course that will fix on him, most deservedly, an unpleasant taint as long as he lives. The fact being made apparent that his own guns—the Armstrong rifled ordnance—were wholly incompetent to do the work required of them—that they were less powerful, indeed, than old service 68.pounders— he began to construct enormous muzzle-loaders, and to call them Armstrong guns. We know not how to designate this step, without violating ame nities." The tales comprise "A Tangled Skein," " The Disinherited," and " The Banker's Daughter," whilst articles will be found onMusic,Botany,Vision and Education. The National Magazine. A photograph of the Pavilion, Brighton, is given in this number. The tales of " Fan Fan and her Uncle," and "Losing, Seeking, and Finding," are progressing. Turkish Baths are described. " Month with Mona" introduces us to the products and antiquities of that island. And in the articles styled " From Southampton to Shanghai" we find an account of the present state of things in China. The Sixpenny Magazine. For cheapness and variety this magazine well maintains its reputation. The opening article is on the educational advantages of the International Exhibition. The three tales of" The Bing's Page,' " Roland the Painter," and "Lady Audley's Secret," are still progressing ; and the chapter on " Animal Life in the Ocean" treats chiefly of those gigantic seaweeds which amaze the voyager to distant lands. Those " Extraordinary masses of gigantic seaweed, Macrocysta, Lessoni.e, and D'Urvillese, are also met with on the rocky coasts of the Falkland Islands. Torn from the rocks, and hurled on the coast, they collect in the surf into immense vegetable cables, much thicker than the human body, and severs", hundred feet long. Many of the finest and rarest Alga may be discovered here, reminding the botanician, by the similitude of form, of hie dis tant home, while their sight tells him at ttie same time that he is in another hemisphere. :le giant species of the Lessonize are principally met with near islands. Their growth resem. l oles that of a tree. Their trunk attains a heigt,t of eight or ton feet and the thickness of a man's thigh, and termi nates in a crown whose leaves descend like the branches of a weeping willow. Submarine forests are formed by this plant, which like the Macro cystis, shelters an infinity of marine animals." Good Words. In " Rambling Notes on a Travel to North Italy" the editor pays a tribute to the beauty of our own land. He says, "We back Great Britain and Ire land—not omitting even 'the PA dj scent islands of the Great and Little Cumbraes'—against the world for possessing the richest treasures of all that is beautiful, grand, and loveable in nature." In " Vistas in the Russian Church " we find the fol lowing testimony to the religious feeling of the Russians. All the churches, it seems, are decorated with gold, and " on the new Izak Cathedral, its one grand dome and four smaller surrounding ones —a very frequent arrangement in the city—there , is spread gold to the value, as it is said, of £50,000 ; and neither there, nor in the little grol den dome on the summit of the Alexander Neoski Chapel on the Nikolayevski Bridge--a mere sentry box affair for size—is there the smallest fear of vio lence or plunder by night from any member of a true Russian population ; for sacrilege is a thing they would most extraordinarily abhor." The tale called Mistress and Maid " has reached its 18th chapter ; and articles are contributed by Arch bishop Whately and by Sir David Brewster. THE MEDITERRANEAN FLEBT. VALETTA, Arminn 9. Later news has been received of the Admiral by the arrival of her Majesty's gunvessel Foxhound, on the Bth inst., from Corfu., which island she left at 5 p.m. of the 4th leaving at anchor there her Majesty's ships Marlborough, 131 (flag of Vice-Admiral Sir W. F. Martin, K.C.8.), and Algiers, 89, Capt. E. B. Rice. The Doris, 32, Capt. Sir F. L. M'Clintock, and the Alacrity, 4, Commander K. B. Baird, left Corfu on the evening of the 2d inst., the former with sealed orders, and the latter for Patras. We have since learnt that the Doris was at Messina on the sth inst., when the French packet left for Malta, and was to leave in a few days for Palermo, for the protection of British interests there. The Amphion, 36, Capt. A. C. Gordon, had left for Suffix Bay (Candia), and was to return to Corfu in a week. The Magicienne, 16, Captain his Serene Highness the Prince of Leiningen, steamed into the Corfu roads on the 2d inst., and, after embarking the Hon, Mr. Scarlett, took her departure for Athens, Rhodes, and the coast of Asia Minor. She is expected to return to Malta by the end of the present month. The order for the Exmouth, 86, Capt. J. A. Paynter, to return to this island, has been cancelled, and she is to remain at the Piraeus awaiting further in structions. Rumours are again rife of the approaching' departure of the Commander-in-Chief with a portion of his squadron for Naples; but it may here be stated that they are without the least foundation. Whatever may be said to the contrary, the Admiral, accord ing to present arrangements, is to remain at Corti), and no addition is to be made for the present to the Brit'Asb naval force, consisting of the line-of-battle ships London and Neptune, now in the Bay of Naples, There is sows talk of the assembling of a combined English and 'french fleet to watch affairs in the Adriatic and Greece. It is well known that a good deal of agitation prevails at present in the Hellenic Kingdom, as well as in other parts of the Eas t, which may be the forerunner of very serious complications. The proceedings of Garibaldi in Sicily have given rise 0 much speculation; but what steps he intends taking, in the face of the avowed determination of the Italian King all a Government to prevent armed assemblages, must at presen t be only matter of conjecture. There had been no more arri' vats of Turkish steamers with troops at Corfu, on their wag to Montenegro ; nor had any news of a fresh engagement been received. It appears that the Montenegrins, as wel l as the Turks, are desirous of suspending hostilities for a time. The weather at Corfu had been extremely warms but the health of the troops in garrison for the time of yea r was excellent. There had been only one death this summers and that of a soldier who was to have proceeded to England invalided. Both the olive and currant crops throughout the islands were all that could be wished ; and, on the whole, the lonian people enjoy this year a fair share of the bless' ings of Providence. Trade and commerce, however, 0 everywhere else, were in a state of great depression, but it was hoped they would shortly improve. Several ships have already passed by Malta to load fruit, and others are 0 their way. D eputy - Assistant-Superintendent of Stores A' Montanaro has been appointed to Santa Maura, and relieve s the deputy -assistant stationed there. The Foxhoun d brought as passengers Captain Ridout, R.A., and Captai° Trevor, 22d Regiment, three sick, and four discharged sox' men. She left this morning on return to Corfu, with de' spatohes for Admiral Martin, and a mail, brought by the Euxine last night from Marseilles. The Queen, 76, Capt• F. C. Hillyar, also left Malta for Corfu this morning, bb now carries only 76 guns, having landed 10 of her 3 r pounders from the upper deck since her arrival here on th e 2:ith of July. It is believed she will ultimately land th e remainder of her smooth-bo re u pp er -d ec k guns, which 01, be replaced by an equal number of Armstrongs. A oil lar change of armament is contempl a t e d i n a ll th e li ne -° battle ships and frigates of the fleet, which, while decree r ing the number of guns, will considerably add to their ef°' ciency. The Scylla, 22, Capt a i n R. Lambert, l ate l y arr iv e d 0 here from Gibraltar, whe re s h e has been relieved by' Malacca, 17, Captain G. J. Napier, leaves to-day for w ci ` Pirseus. The Trident, 3, Commander Balfour, return s to-day from Naples, whether she had been sent with st or es and supernumeraries for the ships st a ti oned there. Sbel,o under orders to proceed immediately for Patras, to roll' the Alacrity, 4, Commander K. E. Baird, ordered to gai t* : The Pelican, 17, Commander P. Brock, left Alexandria e xpected here, having on b thet h ecaptain, lethourl y crew, 122 in all, of her Me.le s t for s hip Pantaloon, who h a d arrived there from Bomb s Y ,„ inst., officers,an d is and con veyance to Engl an d , to be tried by court. martial o.` getting their ship ashore in the Mozambique Channe l ' Mr. F. Guaracino, her Majesty's Consul at Gaudio , 7., rived last night in the Euxine, from Marseilles, on retw . ' from leave. ACCIDENT TO THE FEMALE BLOND 114 • -----La u S ! h night, a little after t ea o ' c l oc k . t h e Female Bl o ndint s for some time past gone through her dating feats a Highbury -barn T avern , wa lk e d across t h e rope in the usual fearless manner, re - crosse d, w h ee li ng a barrow , t " -- crossed again with a sack over her head, and afterwards °I re crossed with the firework s t o w ithi n a s h or t distance of v other end, when by some cause, supposed to be the slippery state of the rope, she fell to the ground. It is stated th'!.. the fall was broken by the crowd, otherwise her neck wo: probably have been broken. Sh e wa s immediat el y tak t e into the house. Several medical gent l emen were ins tall in attendance, and so far as could be ascertained by a hut. tied inquity, no bones we re supposed to be broken, altilolls6' serious WIRY intuit have been sustained. ,~