The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1822-02-27 00:00:00

IM.w *higt► poll little es 1* wen. t i Tltrtod, *here there was no debt, no standing ereay,end where there were icareely any taxes, there ist.ssitoool.; in 11110. 20, 21, 40,146,000/. The average imports were, for 1787. 88,89, 17.584.0001. ; for 1819. 40, 11, 36,759,0001. Since 1790 the exports had trebled their amount, end the imports were nearly doubled. Allowing for the increase of population, here was also a considerable increase in the proportion of the nattou's wealth. Now as to the alteration in the stele of agriculture dartng same period, the House had only to recol the Enclosure Bills which bad been passed rig the war. The observation of any man had been "accustomed to travel from one dis to another would be enough to convince him prodigious extent of this change. Very properties's of every district had mace then into cultivation. which were before dreary i et common, or et best sbeep-welks ; sieril had been broken up aud forced into citifies , in greaser proportions thee the old and fruit. .141 lands; and then as to the old lands, consider what (111jire;aliCt — tia 011-die countries. Having dieicted inches, .had taken place in reuta. He did not . Sir Lordships' attention to these facts. heating next wish to leave out the reductions which had been lmjhe question of bow far the considered.* of axe. Mode ,in those rents—he was sorry for them— Alio epplted to the case of thia country. He prepared he thought it a adefortune that they were not ,Wilma his own 01)11 k I kkk ias to the causes of the evil, made sooner, that they might have been in their ..m$ the means proper to be applied for reheE If fall degree presented; but the increase of rents •* evils bad grown out of artificial causes, milks- proved the increase of individual and national titres were ell, in their power and. wisclosa. which they wealth. But is other branches of our resources he ,could - apply—immediate remedy was bryois4 their had facts to offer, which, alwaysheariag its mind dm .reigh. „He would now go to the argimsntefe Soma. bemuse of population, would chew a vast increase *so being the cause. which bad miter till reef Intel, at wealth—he meant the increased consumption of Illeus alluded tress o nose. They had heard of the eseised commodities. A. report had gone abroad 40 atlas hf 'foreign corn se a caul, of distress, that in one article, malt, there had been no in ,: mural .then bad beep . assigned ; but at creased consumption, considering the increase of . time Ammo° was never put forward as a population. It might be very difficult' to form . *use of the evil ;. it was one of the grossest de- coeclusione on one or two particular articles, 411itheur ever attempted to fill the muds of the the- proportionate consumption of which might Mae .itiffewers , will', the opinion, that the distress deego change, from being necessarily custriecte4 ,esgo eienssed;by excessive taxation. It was really with any alteration in the habits of the people. emlustardimuy, Ast, except in one instance of some ,Soch alterations might be Injurious, both in cause • mmearks made bye Noble Barou opposite, that it or effect, or both, or otherwise—it was nut in his IMO never occurred- to any of their Lordships to • question; the habits of consumption, and all con 'Xisinaitse add atate what was the real situation of sieved with them, had grown tip with the other of the country as to taxation. It was 'dunned that artificial causes which now influenced them. He •Ctignlfori , had never been more floorishing than had been anxious to know, oil the bowling e xci se d during the few last years of the tate war. No less than articles, what had beeu the increase of consumption, ' tit totielerof the whole burden of taxation had been, some of those articles Emoting the greatest iocreare , eitpsequently taken off. Eighteen millions of taxes of tax ever known to the revenue doting the • tbeen . remitted since the termination of the war. increase ; and first for the article of tea, which in edisitald list three millions had been imposed 1790 bore • duty of 19 per cent. ; the duty was siams; but let the average be taken, and it would afterwards raised to too per cent. the present • belband that noelesa then seventeen millions had, amount. In 1787. 88, 89, she average consumpti on • a abated. And th en how taken off? Why, one- was 16.600,0001 N. Ia 1819, 20, 21, the average . tbY remittiug the property tax—a measure of 22.600,000 lbs. leadog a vast increase, after the 10 iseliof--• remission *talked taxes. He kneti allowance for au incre a sed pop u l a ti o n. The n e xt • that evendially there was as much relief to the article war one still less doubtful, as a criterion of eteentry in the remission of indirect taxes es in that prosperity: it was candles. It was but fair to state that of,slirect ones ; but there was a difference iu the in 1794 a small tax had been taken off them, which, illamedisteefficacy. The effect could not be felt however. would not materially affect the consump al .soon—might not take as expected—might be don. The %overage of 1787.88,89, was 49,900,0001 hr. ted by other unforeseen Circumstances; bat in For 1819, 20, 21. 83,559,000 lbs.—au increase of rase could not compare with the remission of one-third, idler allowing for the new population, ' which were about to be drawn immediately which would bring down the average to about si . • .. ,Fo the pockets of the payers. There was isae. 68.000,000 lbs. The next was also an article on v rib of the whole taxation remitted, one-half of which there could be no fallacy whatrier in . .vibrich hod been of this description of tax. It reasoning on it—soap—from the returns woes .. .liight be said by the Noble Lord opposite— exempt all. that was used iii snaking it. upon . ' Trite. you have remitted a considerable par- which a drawback was taken by the manufacturer; • . lion of the taxes; but, consider hew heavtly the average of 1787, 88, 89, 292,644 cwt. The du y remainder press—it is quite .as difficult to bear t was higher now: Average for 1819, 20, 111. the burden of fifty millions under the change of 643,963 cwt. being one-fourth b e y on d th e f ormer circumstances." That brought hum to the goes- ttaverege, after allowing for the increase of popula tion of the currency. To meet the arguments lion, which would give the increase at 480,000 cot. • which had been given out on the alteration of the The next article was leather, which did not display currency, he proposed to make the moat extrava- so great an increase, and had been subjected to 1 gent allowances which could be demanded as to increased taxed 0000 ; yet the increase was cons,- • the effect of depreciation. After the best attention derabl e . Aver ag e for 1787,88, 89, 32,963 . 000 lb sia ' which could be given to the subject, it did not ap- 1819, 20, 41.43,600,000 lbs. The next article was Mgr that the depreciation of prices from raising the ' salt, on which it was difficult to fix any accurate esti • - melee of money could be reckoned at more than timate, so different were the regulations as to taking .doer cent. When Noble Lords talked of the de- the dirty. The increase did 110 i seem to be in the • pieciatinn of the currency happening during the proportion of the other articles, being only ten per „war, they stated the question rather unfairly. They cent. upon the same averages. Brick. came next. Stark a particular period of the war, at which that First. average for 1787. 88,89, 641,414/. ; average r - depreciation was at the worst, and for the average for 1819, 20, 21, I,ooo,oool—increase more than T • they took the year of the Restriction Act, 1797. one-third, after deducting fur the iuc of popula 'l'o meet them, however, on their ground, let the Lion, which would have made the increase about ~- , alleprecintion be taken at 25 p e r cent. lie would 894,0001. He had stated these particulars that their • coniend that the reduction of taxes came fully up Lordships might be aware not only of the real condi. •• to the alteration iii the present value of money. dos of the country as to taxation, but how it bore • Therefore, though Govertimeot might have no en the wealth of the country. As to the deprecia. right to say that the reiteration of the value of the Lion of the currency, the effects of it were known currency was in any case a benefit. they had a right it: 1919, alien the Bullion Committee sat. It was to say that, the increase its the value of money being kuown then what would be the relief of the nine s* worse shwa the proportion of the reduced tales, teen million, of remitted taxes. If the alteration Vie men of great landed property were iii no gloms of the value could produce such great effects. why a• &dilation than 'berme with regard to taxation. were they not felt in regard to the niuetreit millions Tap, admitted that in 1813 toad 1814 lauded pro. abated ? He wished to put it to any man to ask petty WAS in the highest state of prosperity. If de, himself in his closet what essential relief lie could solicitation is the 'althea his produce had happeoed, _expect now from soy practical reduction of tau t* him in common with the viler interests, he bud tins. -He was far fro* saying there could be no a •reduction of taxes fully equal to the amount. benefit in reducing. but what relief (lid it promise That reduction eras greater that& at any forger '' to present distress ? Hr could not argue with the , retied. and was fully equal to meet whatever shire' assumption that any one wished to break faith with . taxation .could have Mot in causing the distress. the.iistional creditor. No reduction of the divir. Aed then look at the-amount of taxaton previous to . den& could, be contemplated ; but suppose it 179f1. Previous to 1794 the whole reveuue did 'were, what remedial eff e ct c o uld be hoped from netamount to more than 16 or 17 millions.. It wee % destroying one Mauch of consumption ? What the-, noiv upwards' of Bisuidiusat, to say nothing of die firmer wanted was a market. Ark him iii Ina, i torn which bad lifers remitted. Dot the question Ns , sober searoo, after he was divested of the delusion was, had or had am-the stealth of the count rT ils • JrnictiFed on him at . public meetings, how the de. Creased in a greater , proportion. They were smile outwit:Us of the fuudlnicier could procure him a that it was lint the gross emennt o f taxation, but market? What had been the effect already of con. the proportion it bore to the prestige of the country. sander-able reductions which bad been made in the which determined the pressure. • Fifiy-ei e walnuts:. ,:expendlture ? He knew the seotimeuts of Ins of taxes on 14 millions of people was not heavier, %. 1841, Friend opposite would l ea d liim to retort, order all • the changes of . cm:limiting tlnie ~,t. x" made the market of the war first, and then the revenue of the.forriter period tO that opula-..algoneirptived 'Abets) of it." That might be, and testi. In freland.ehere the population was WPM Aritt MS (Laital - Lierrpoors) ' position was good widlione, the reivenne was not more than lime toil- fur the argument to this place. From this country lions. being one-sixth les, weighty than the pro- :relit nut supplies of dig's-rent kinds, not only for portion of taxer ii, regard . to the nualt . ule.t! thug Europe reetally, bd .. to the "renter part of the country. Yet th e revecue of Irefsiol might lee as kauwu world. The country went on with a sad cousiderahle for the population, taking in their re. expenditure. hut it was attended with an immense 641101C,5. as the prisportion•gf this et:Oily. Tariso - i'dt.raand for the' produce. SeC how that acted. taw wig t o be e m os el iwi t ki, to the ea t ability of boring the last years of the war the flour and heisting its the, pittlple. Pt' might remember so west required .by Goveninieite amounted to two as nightly to Bywater*. Art had beeu 'the real millions antitially..-now auvernineist did`siot pur cinceinatauces of the etrundyi as to all the main chase 200,0001, nunuery. Here *ere some of the ef taduiches.or iodustry contained apt ie.'. Be; they edger seduced expeoduute. No doubt battled the had dociannedia, % which :toad ...t-ti.eriii them, - griiii,io„, were just end necessary to glee a secure which .9/0111' ft 11 yik WE kneeler put of the „Twin!' fouiidation to the titetticea. The 1110111C11. SOSSith id the IMO/7 %HBO, creation Which had . ' e tendency wee that ot it itep'r u e . s..iiit ili i. , There was grown etp bine thee triblr,ltrid that th e face or the a' stet settlidrawsitg id' ir • 41e4 rd id consuinp sly -. 4. . - , . . imoot7.confit )eater liter:sun - te tieediffereterebtitee 14s6riffits - 1.04 1 ' ---Ir. ili'bt"ditiluirn„.in cutup, of Alen. It i iiill thikat ~. , I,i . h all ; ,It II'S: should be 4egn'thit ' , thud' ind ibis. No 'diner in af . ....' • 40 ;1 JPAra 04,114 timid. But so it , tie cy4eititi *Awe oiint of ex is. wok deg - * '' '...4.41. * ilitir ii a° I 'llls or the il l eie . l7B7. 8& ; `6, die 111..14 r Antonia of• • ' • 1 * potted . &hob produce aud met uloc taste I°.- . • th ti44l 6.ta "41 ' 4' I" the "PinY go. ilaiiii Joit I . the ,oiopairut of tLe debt. •• , U .dil - e • = 111 ,- • • was yet great distress in agriculture, 4 as great as exports is any part of Europe. A letter which he had were as from a gentleman residing is thnseEtatea. contain- popelai tiLika followial :...M.liVa ewaassfieetes fames abast, ; Oars 'Mint, sod low prices=sheieis uss money in the the alti 4eglittt; and *essay we can Ind no market the wt r.prodace.'!.. eit was _tibia that beatifies' test th ,t pepdere the distress—a fact, of insportauce, during to be oheeread. They would not exclude it who ha that Coltflderstion, that the. fact, of, super- tract to ihtindance, trout whatever causes, good cc bed, it of the opotie, existed not only here and throughout large 1 Swope, but also in all the Suites of America. gone i %% tether agriculture would suffer more or less wares iii i ider azrester or lesser degeec of twition wit • lands h .igaestiois fur after constderation. He believed that tton in ille,same cause had. operated to produce Dearly the fel lam ze . " 11. They were the fundholders, a joint body of con. Oomers. If the last-named clam were destioyed, far from benefiting agriculture, it must dreadfully *prorate their sufferings, by diminishing the de mend. Allepere .greed that filth must he kept with the public creditor; that establishments of the country ought to be reduced to meet the der fiCulties, as low a. the Solely of the coustry and the Monarchical nature of he Constitution would allow, He was as cordial in that as any of the Noble Lords opposite, with whom he only differed, supposing these conditions granted, as to the choice of two sets of measures, for the examination and dis cussiou of which he wee quite prepared. If they were so far agreed s the question between them would ewe* to this—o hether they should remit taxation to the amount of the surplus income of the revenue, fiee millions, in order to relieve agricul ture. It was merely • question of profit and lots. He would first see what would be the advantage to the country at large, and specifically to agricul lure. by remitting the five millions in the removal of taxes. He had sliewo the effects of the !educ tion' in 1818 in the depreciated currency. But what proportion did they gessoes, lee edition to bear to She while income at the ego*, ? Estimating she east pro. perty of the lands with all matiateacies of raise which would be fairly Plummeted, be proposed to take 11w *bole Imams of the cosatry at 260. 0 02.0 00 1. lly. Let it be remembered Used themiatiors tau 51 or b 2 millions. The reduction proposed dab omotrith of the whole taxatioe, or ese-iftieth of the whole income of the tonsetry. That was the utmost retest of the reiluttioa. It was good as far ea it went; bat so was could series-1y believe that it would relieve agrieultere or procure what saltation: . meet wanted—a market. Bat whet wee the loss to be set ageism this poor profit ?. The abolition of the Pettis( food, that great upholder Odor fortunes and credit of the revelry. No ass would deny Ow for • considerable time this would 'bare i i i eff.isi of rabies' the interest of mosey. What would he the effect of the on agricultural distress. The lose "mild be Were than be gala of repeated taxatiers. The want of high credit would beer hardest on those who were must depressed already—those who most borrow lonely to shun these distresses. The taloa( away the Patio, fetid would produce II Imperceptible relief to agrieisiture ow oar rand, and would cruelly augment the difficulties on the other; and so mach as to his upinims of the "testi*e of poll and loss. Hie Lordship seat oddment himself to the self et of the sinking fund. It had hied the fashion of late to decry It; a certain clam of peewits had fallen into a habit of ridiculing it. He was old 'enough to remember the opielon which existed as the subject on its este. bliehmeot. He would say little of the confidence and certainty of Mr. Pitt In Goading It; bet it Sri' out he and his friends alone who approved it. All persona and parties were agreed upon the excellency of the plan. 'He did not believe that party ever ran higher thee is 1766, but so far woe the a (km being opposed by those usually in op parities, that no Man more extolled the Finking Peed on every occasion of mentiensing it than the late Mr. Fox. He had suggested some abrrations of the phut in the Commit tee, which were thankfully received and adopted. But look to all the discussions on the war ' and after the tarminatioe of the war, it would be f o un d that he (Mr. Fox) had misted so occasion which offered of retel ling, in the highest degree of praise, the ftinkiee Fend. Mr. Sheridan also supported it with his musts., toad api. aloe sad confidence. The brat insio•stion against it came oat la the year 1804, is the book of Dr. Hamilioa, where the alibied was treated with considerable ability. though he (Lord 1..) was Dot played to admit the conclusions. In deed he denied that Dr. H.'s book, top-aims and able as it was,, bore against the principle of • einkieg fund. All the Dr.'s objections went against a sinking fund in time of wet, which he held to be mooch loos to the country. He woad admit the inrush, of the Dr.'s reasoning, though he differed from M. He (Lord L.) held that there were realer ad. vantages eves la time of war from keeping epa *Whose fluid than out; there wet sot more gain than lona in abolishing it. Bat, besides, there was the mural effect to he coveted which must be irrodueed is • war niaiiitaieed to rewire the nation's existence. The means of carrying on such a war were more easily iaised this way ih-its by direct imps. *ion of taxes, and Ile etude of rouse the supplies was more unfavourable to the general sod embarrassing view the country might have of its dangers and atifferirr. No objection bad however been made, even by Dr. Hisesil ton, to • sinking fund, in time of peace. Some who bad followed in his track more rashly, hail gone so far as to my that • risking fund was nothing more than pa lug with the right band that which was received in the left. Bat this could only refer to a state of war; the argument would ant apply to a time of peace. Consider what would be the situation of the coantry without • sinkiwg feed. Were they to go tau accumulating debt distil% the war and make ao preparation for paying la time of peace? %hat then would be the situation of lb* 'ossify is the west war? Were they to let the world know that they were without the power of liquidating the debt I. any de gree? Every country in Europe, In imitation' of this, bad established a Peking fend. They looked with the greatest assiely Eaglaad for example on losecial ecoowany. France had a slaking fund far greater is properties than ogler. America had a slaking hold which would wholly redeem the debt in twenty years. Having set this widely-adopted example, were we to declare oar past coo. duet bottomed in fall iryWnd misapprelwosios, and shandoe the sinkiag fund, the debt being far greater tine this of soy other constry, which it would not have been but for the exiateace of that fund, and the hopes it forniabed of climber". ing in peace ibe obligailows incurred in war ! He did hope that the agriculturists would prefer the continuance of their eefferings rather than sot keep up the siukiug fund, epee the presemailots of which depended tie fate of thee:emery, sad hie consequeore In Europe, sod that posterity might •itness, If u• left a large debt, we also provided the means for redeeming it. He came then at last, her. pug stated his opinigai of taxation ats mutinied with evitraltaral distress, to consider whether any er what measure of relief it wive cow in she power of the Govern. meet to apply to that distress. Supposing that be bed proved the cause not to be in exceinve taxation, redaction of taxes would be so milkiest remedy, and would give so effec tual and sensible relict. Such was his position. He had formally stated what he believed to be the cause of agricsd. haul &Pres. thionglosmt ssnpe, trod more sortirelorty et home. He bed stated It to be the peat ezeitainsat of the war, in which ibis country and the nations of gamy* hot to Sett for existence. Undoubtedly that waroirmaed did lead to tit: production of greater quantities of articles of the soil, and the high pekoe did force • great quantity of pia leads two cultivation. Why sot overpreductive here, • other branches of she natiosial industry? The excess had twee known, mid suffered, and atkeowkilged lis thaw, why sot is the products. of the soil ? Was nut the slate. meat eoesisteat with every man's observations? Did sot every one know, in respect to his owl. district, at least, and those Nwisogt• which lie •travelled, that vast tracts of poor lauds bad been forced into cultivation ? But there was as. other important fact to be considered—the stale of Ireland, ' When the Corn 1,11 was passing through the House be had stated, that he looked on it less as • security to British than to Irish woke, ; he had found by the pa pets laid ea the tablet, that since the Onion. and particularly in the last twee/skeet years, the average imports from Ire laud bad bees greater (allowing for IF.e Wrest Importation from the cooniiies of Europe is the war) than that of all the quarters of foreign turn cummused is the country. It was • fart, nut to be teakettle/. that with respect to she costs of productioa, England and !reload sere in /ha same relative situation a. England with respect to other Stater in colonial produce. The Rood lands in behind etre irking with the had lands Isere, as tbraettleinentsof South America threatened dasgerous malty he the plosluee of SUMO of the old Wist ladies settleaseets. fie admitted the necessity of uphotiling agriculture. Go. verameet nerd Partianiont ought to du all that was possible fee thew relief. They ought to bold the balsam* evenly be tween the seteeral interests; at the same time, if the weight of • feather were to be thrown partial:; late either scale. he would pet it in that of agriculture rattier thaw say other. ' Tot agree:ahem sem ow the Duly interesis Great Braid& - sot the moat numerous. World it be said then that there was so solsant•ge to the greater number in baring meal at dd. instead of Bd. sad bread in similar proportion ebtapou wood it be said that no due benefited by the theorem of apiculture! He was rrady to admit thai closures might go tne far, becaere it must bare • reaction, sad then it would cease to be a benefit to any 'lass. It was not wholly as evil is itself, and it was provided with two modes of remedy--one, in the in d consumption consequent on the cheapness ; the other, in the diminishing sir prudential,. between Shirk mime cohsideranle point woold or. long he reached, which might poi an end to the distress. That was fur the operation of lime. When he said that egricult oral diss tress produced ben. fit to the other interests, be might appeal to the oduction of poor rates all over the coustry, and rope tinily In the 'manufacturing torsos. In this rely inetropolts, where she Parliament was silting, never were the lower orders of tbe people in better ease then at present. There mast thee be besaelit to the larger modem of the population to the cheapeees of prodoce. He Si .w clone to. the ge mend measures of the King's Government to be sub. milled to Parliament for the relief of agroculturr, is particu lar, sad throggh them, of the country. The first being Si • redaction of the establialoneets He had stated last year the retiree Government intended to lake; be now had le slate. from the papers •hsrh be would move for, what was she &nougat of these projected n &vim's. Had it mot been for some extraordissary military essiouses required by the state of heisted, the reduclioms wool" he nearly two millions. The only danger was, that Government aught go tam far for the summon safety sod benefit in this aurae. He wished to have the estimates, when produced, compared will, the peace establishment Isis' dews by the Finance Cuesnorstee of the other House, in 1817, who gave the sunk y(17,36 0 . 08 01. as the proper exprochture for the t °tants., to Wit; The ea. pesilitare fur the year enauleg world be 18,148,41100/.•being •.reduction of 1,200,0001 below the estimated given by the- Comistittee of Finance. He could not omit the great Ail& cables and bardahipa which must arise from these retitle. tress, sad thai Government bad herts answer mu to divide the loam, as that the least possible sehrniteres should be taken off every one mooed on the various establish ments. He would not deny that they bud premed the establishments almost to iriconvenisece to their on.nage mewl to erect these reductions. Their seat utessure—il ways keeping in mind the resolution of 1792 to keep up • shaking fund of live millions—earnestly issioltilif b atford re her to agriculture, if it ors- possible,wittiont seer inane any principle of asthmal faith—was the reductioa of the Interest of ponies. of the debt, that saving to be app!l.d to the re dectios of the ditties tar malt. As far as Alleistere had gone with this measure, they bad reasou to be *Whined of the possibility of ~eating it. The reiluellog on malt duties seemed to be the most desirable to ages. culture, and so far they were willing to comply The commie, might look forward to more measures of relief in there're,' of time. They 'night look coulidently to a further reduction of interest. Thls, together with the tin provemeat of trade, and the dieidoutims of that deed expeusr, the Self-pay, would go far towards relief. Whe• the 'o perate of the last war were talked of, the half-pay should be remembered, which, though geared to justice and good faith, sod the sailor's borsour, for lbws who had fought thebetiles at the eogasy, did amount to lire annually. This must still be paid ; but they might look to • redectioe of the charge gradually. It was • life charge, and like all as. guinea, would gradually ewe, though the operation was • slew some. In the Resolatioa of 1791, for keeping the sink ing Bird up to live militias, he had given it es his optsion that it should be coostantly applied to reducing the Ire per teats. There was, however, as he sties fogad, a dues. rots between what was practicable mad whet was overtly de sirable. It was now a question whether the sinking Grad should be eurreally applied, or go oa in aeemagistiou fur a few yeses, and he. be made to operate to a further reduetsem. of eases. These werequestions which it was for Parliameet to , determine. He Next Caine to the application of the four mil lions to be lent by Parliament, either to parisbes to be lent out miner Glens ua isdietdual securities, or else to be applied to public weeks cossetted with the labour of the had. Before be west to that he wished to refer bark to Irbil took Place on the resolutions of the Bullies, Committee. They well knew that the Beak made considerable clinically is 'dueling the meatier's directed for them, without they got • great debt paid so them by the Government. °overtnes! wished to pay time lire or or six million., but the Bask reqeired and now gel the "hole; but Government having paid them, is order to remove all supposition of obstacles toils. resomptiou of each perms-eta, looked forward, secordiag to the evidence given by the Bask to the Committee, fur the redaction of the rate of Bank discounts. They respected to get the Bask to advance them mosey below simple interest, for which- they might have Exchequer bills. To their surprise, hews-see, they fogad that the Bask still refused to diseogat under fire per cent. It was knowe that ever since the Boo boo Committee the exchanges had been in their favour. Great freesia., most have been h.sped op at the Bank devise that 'Mod. It was thought that the contraction of their issues ao speedily must be injurious to them, and tlarough them to the mobile at large. Government had resolved to raise the millions is Exchequer bills. As to the best way of impeding it to relieve agriculture, that also would be left to the wisdom of Parliament. The principle of this measure bad bees applied aeccessfolly to the other interests. The maim object was getting out a millions which soold Werra., and quicken the circulatiou ; not that it could work wonders, bet it would be a coasiderable palliative for the difficulties. They proposed to reserve the power of withdrawing-it to the Bank, user any usfavourable state of the eschaeger, at the Ws of one minima he every three months. He thought some eastilliestios of the Cora Laws gegresary, • subject which bad been seder the consideration of the other Henn. He did not believe that agriculture could derive any relief from the measure, but it might qualify the principle of pro blinks, so na not to subject, as at present, the native grower to • transition from monopoly to • free trade. Having bow gene through the particulars of his mate meet, and oftervlog le Cowell the right of replying to say observation be might think it necessary to *newer, his Lordship cogclud4 a speech, than whiels, perhaps, them was orate wee more asatiously listened to by the Honsa, by mortal yet certain Papers, similar to those already lgid before the House of Commons on the same subject. The Marquis of LA !MOWN said, he come down ' to the House much more Noxious to hear the view taken of the state of the country by the Noble Earl, than to express and• opinion of his own, for he felt that it was much more natural under the existing circumstances of the country for their Lord ships to look to the nAictat statement of Mee who bed for so many years past conducted the adrai oistration of its affairs, for the view• which they themselves formed of the effects of the mess, sures which they had pursued, than to limy statement of an individual, who could not hive hid the same opportunities of forming a correct view of the actual condition of public affairs, and the pew.- poets which they presented ; and having heard the statement of the Noble Eirl, he felt it to 13.: his duty to offer to their Lordships some comaiems upon it, which could se►ve to slew the reasons which prevented him front coming to the same con clusions a. those which b■d been drawn by the Noble Earl. lie felt it necessary Acer what bed .! been said at public meetings mud elsewhere, sod what he had heard repeated by the Noble Earl then and on former occasions, 'to state why, in hl opinion, the weight of the taxation which had been imposed on the country, amount lug, as ►t did, to 80,000,0001, and which the ingenuity of Psrlinntrot was not able to extend further, bore melody on the question of the distress wider which the country teas uuw suffering. The Noble Earl had alluded to fashionable opinions which prevailed en the subject, and he (the Noble Marquis) was aware that when Gentlemen ease • warm flout their books and studies on politiial Muttony, they were often liable to state opiuioos which were widely at variance with the prastleal ex. ~i.rr~ MI - perience of the world. lie knew that inasmuch es logo.l o n wits not she eau., of low prices, but lieu 8 on the contrary, to mile prices, end was georrally curnieesiaiirmie with them—itiiiiiinucli it had nought to du with the distress of the ennui. , But i nominal as the ptiera, from whatever tan., ts qoalmruleftuluirtuilglctsc,7lll:l,4,:osili:l abeyeosdetictioel:hilleallya(rstiakigillelevrfflratialileol;:ritatioiltatienitnrtigienb:geoguteeloredlifhonliwisurat:hosenitill'isthre:lwreisikerhilteui:itdilererthioatheiol:rwlhum":::dewichriihirrhirahtlbulebi.:Pciwilg..ratitti. posed whet(' prices were at their highest ; and liu t f rased ; and that was the view in which he propmed to (maintain that the talation of the 'vestry furinmf an obstacle to its recovery front the difficulties snider which it mat at present labourisig. The Neb , r- Earl had stated, and he (Lord Lanstlown) believer! hum in *now degree to have sorrecily stated, 'het more or less of this evil was at this moment existing in other parts of the world. Bat he could not admit that it prevailed to she ex.: tent which she Noble Earl had given it, and still Ira bk Earl ha dh d drawn he ilszen i t the opinion of most of those who had had opoorium.: Uecofobserving, it . would be found that Framer, nottmthstandiug the eomplatuts and stetemenii which had-beets inserted in that Address of thi . Chamber Mr:Deputies to the King, which wo o carried by the Opposition, with a view, 110 doubt, 't to the result which it had prothiced, of displacing the Mime's', was now ill a more douritileng condition than et any former period of her hi.. tory. But the distress of the agriculturist of that country, to whatever extent it might exist, was 88. trtbuteil by the Government to the iiientivenieeee et u supesabundent harvest, which no law could pre vent, and - which wes felt by all Europe at ilie-wirm time; and yet the Noble Ehrl proposed to relese the evil by throwing a great pardon of the land on: of cullivatitni. The Noble Earl bud nientimied th• north of Europe also as the seat of distress similar to oar owe ; but that distress was caused in it grist degree, if not entirely, by their connexion with ties country. We had for u long time been screstolord to coneeme i considerable quantity of cure (row Polsiod, and the other countries adjacent to the Baltic, and suddenly reined from Our large ilc. mend, and a considerable degree of distress in this:. countries had followed of course. But (Imago there was some difference between him (Lo.d Linedown) and the Noble Earl, its their dedur. • irons from these premises, thSre was nut se much in the ultimate results to which they viewed them as leading; for in the same breath is which the Noble Earl had told them that tax. aim' was not In any degree the cause of the evil, he added that it was, however, desirable to get tid of as much taxation as circumstances wash permit them to reduce. Bat there was no man its *Ma me who could doubt •hst a harden of 50,000,900 f. of 11.1081, EU • country of the extent of skis kingdom must bear weeny. When the Noble Earl asked their Lordships if in their pas sage from one part of the kingdom to needier. they d:d sat observe large tracts of laud under the 'Morey which but a fee , years ago were wholly uncultivated, he Wird touched on one of the (4111011 of the visiting-end, fur he (the Noble Marquis) agreed that the depreurioa was in some immunre prodsted by the ettruirdicary ettoulee given to rultivatiun by the high prices dering the Om, which bad at trugth produced a glut in the market; but the way to reduce that glut was not 4 it rasing any poe.los of the lands out of cultivation, but by ret.iag the market prim and iserraung the consumption. The gluts had been icily described by the Noble Earl as arising, in a great unarm out of tie large importattoss from heel rid. Bet the reas • wiry the produce of Ireland had here so greatly increred, and now deluged the markets of this country wss be. cause tier mesas of wiption had hero decreased by draggi•g her al ng with this country iii the same ter of in log taxation, and being a pourer country, she ins out able to kelp pace with ibis, bee interest (rename* wets sootier eskausted, sad then she cue 110C11088181,1110 - poar I priteladif Wu the markets of &Ilea& Taunus sisevelwa wag the alma cause of the evil; the lease sad ashy way by which relief could be afforded wits by a reductive of the taxstien, sod the question was, by what mesas such haw , lion could be frvied? The gist mode which presested Itself to his wird, was by a legitimate ratncuoo of the 'su rest of the debt ; the src..nd, which sit mini! deprecate. ..11 such • redaction of the 1011411E1 of the debt SE B.Bolllii 1185. he a breach of faith with the public creditor; the third •aa, reducing the expenditure to the insert poinible scale; sail berei the re f g o eret ur tto i t l e i t , dhe b t i seni t ti le t e empa a er p tika p u t r i e ra w L h io ise n h s o h : : t hp h l e ad.. .. s i v ii ef t i c t n ii. g ra. f e i re i d n . d l;,, . iit.h t ,.. v ., l l :: , be felt great satisfaction at the circumstance. which cusiil.il the Noble Earl to effect it. In regard to ao relief obtained by thy reduction of the debt, on any phis at 187. ante with pshlie faith, he joined with the Noble Fula pre eating against it; and as long as they were free from he influence of this most paramount necessity, should say SVC/ preposition ever be made, be leered be shovel be fosadee he believed the Noble Earl would, in his piece to ruse et his voice is protesting. against a propusitio• su submerse public jostler sod public faith. Wish respect le 'he third point, the reduction of the public expenditure, it imam pat Bible for their Lordebips, to the •theuee of the csomstictUr the *geeing year, is decide how far it mutt to carry it beyond the puiet to which it had slre•df tit" brought; and when it was renumbered that, en forret OCC11•10111, it bad b es declared by Minister' that it was litoi possible to maks any deduction from the mimeses ohm hey brought foltmard, and that netwithstandiet eel le d " ratios. cousistonsble redoetimis bad afterwards hem wok. he trusted ha.tiboold not by .charged Rah a teprivef mo desty is not relying with implicit cosideocc cs the ay; these of the Nible Earl, that as farther reciehthe ( " 4 be erected by the vigilance gad exertions of Paehastest te the estimates which had hi en framed by Ministers sfiben peoses fur the ensuing year. He came now 10 Iht WWI; on which the Noble East hail dwelt %ilk greeter Morihe gethatedisitanvonateulleraesedirl.yelan'ajdit'eerriorammitaind4iebr:(:.;oft"htihrsetessu;iiisj.seltepti,olitkift wa s ,e n f il s o m e t : e r l" . ;::: wee mitered somewhat difficult, byl the irshigessus hew '' whieb the statements connected with it were shay which left there generally quite in the dark. rhos it wows , teolllBl 10 lucid a high tom in praise of the adwaswe of the slaking fend, it was the practice to b.iid forth a petal fund of 17,00,0001. as a parr of the SO of Tbe e. " l :,„. ? Woes it was thought desirable to exhibit a tApithist_ of the inane, sof the country, then due boast "Do .18 fist wiekiegfeed of 5,000,0001. Grimed by the 'unites of tie 7 . 'oust over the expeuditorke . The question, !herder!, e in c : wheiwr three was a real nutrias of that kind asd a steeples did nisi, it was a satijest worth egaitirseriac ober it sight sat Sh better applied in the. redoetrise.:, 'audios, than io the formation of a siokincf•ad. there was a Government that more than suoittetlLar: the example of violating, by repealed at"edi a , emaelinsesta, the principle of a memare *kith it Ner shoo of regarding at iaviolable, it was shill Glir s 7 o., . 6 , which bow, .ateill Am years past, bed sdniiaister.d j ' h e t se' . of this moony. la 1613 Mr. Hoskisson ehaige t Iv o. cetera the Eschetpser with a direct victlaih the r e of the • r o e t v e jah;juteLsiliti;r:.-tiaP:Thhigiell measu re Fe t e 410 f u nd s i s esime at, 4 . i n l e rk i 1 i e r ei ictvi ever o eut ei f i int hold! ft wa r!irtimiees l aill i j o a S iallers t he ontP rtuthe:Pulakttelarsob"":".:::::::el,l?"aese:9l:,Prilwarbereime. 10 1.- Illii!the r tt pitience of the world. He knew that inasmuch sii I paving portiou i.t : i l e i : da. b . y i ra t :4 l . s:: K l i ß etl u x i s i t t g l; rai i i i ' l l ' i t it i t • l y iy: w s c o n s o i c i n i l ia l l i t ts e: si l i i : w o u t t i t :ir t u i s e : e ry e rws ,: i t f t r il : tr i o o r im w e i t i s p e" e r : . ii ic_ ; i e pri e rs, t:e l ,, :n ti l , [au' i f:: I .et: u ~ : ,, i t and then had nought to du with the distress of the cousit• might be, had fallen below the rate at wi nc h pro. Co mocks equent un since wonid yield a return to the grower,whir r 1 ‘ e ling he remained liable to those eharges wh ic h had heels i That was 1 posed when prices were at their highest ; and mu. I ,h " : r a a p t pr di a ni n o r i r ,a li st is t h t t he au tai ra tti a or ti t air ror ed in u ed se ; ifurmtritiet h p e rin c e h i te ini f i bu imi llt ; w ~tba , .p ..7 e rld b e, ,T ii osis ,, o . I ih There tag n wpoi f ouhis:;; ll di, bi t iali o :; s tel,y e , :tact: charger itioe.l4iita,tuhl iaiit t,:su ff eri ng tar Ihisie,is(rt)e prevent i nieri e ret e ly: r ttefi t iwi s e nejoilllti t iar,be l oedr y iGhtertn.rih:girt: l r jewi ! de, : :-iincri...; t oh O ire,elimithouTe r 1:e which t he ernrpi alyti h:eis:eit was proposed en:edb t ,ixtsz l ei, , Ll:. ,.. ip: I, be sub. ' s pa rties. wing in • Earl lord meted, awl he ;Lord Lansilown) believce t . t year the blab la borne degree to have sorreeily stated, that t "'l i sle• more or less of this evil wee at this moment I was she existing in other parts of the world. Bat he : I , o7 l, l9 : t roor. : 7l f rebe or tei c iess ou it l e t w i ohui t ,cd to h t hiti ss ie d e t sse s N ot ot o b t °I ite t i o s kt r i big Earl had drawn from it. He h-lieveil that is the o pe d f e she i s the opinion a most of those who had hid opportum_ oast., tie* of observing, it . would be found that France, The ex. noterithstanthug the easuplatuts mod strtemenis • OL•arlog which had-brew inserted in that Address of bit' e n Is, the- Chamber eic e Deputies to the King. which omit Feat shin- - ~ . • carried by t Opposition, with a vier, lot doubt, 't to the result which it had proddeed, a displacing -. we retitle. to divide build be the Ministry, was now iri a more flountilmog rsinblish- condition than et any former period of her his- us" the tory. But the distress of the agriculturist of that sare Iltml country, to whatever extant it might exist, was a t - seep terp up II tributeal by the Government to the inconveilicare el taunt re- u eupciabundent harvest, which no law could pr. • Icing any vent, •itil - which was felt by ell Europe at the-eome r Interest time; and yet the Noble Ehrl proposed to rehrte to the re. the evil by throwing a great pordon of the land o n : nen had aotisied of cubit/Awn. The Noble Earl had mentioited th• • ides on north of Europe also as the seat of desire's wohla to eget- to ear ow.. ; but that distress we. caused in a goat ly The de l e avee if tint entirely. by their connexion with this of relief eOuiltry. We had for u long time been acre.mined idly to a , th e e rn _ to conesme 0 coaottlereble quantity of corn (rota expense, Poland, and the other countries adjacent to the a the ea - Baltic. and suddenly ceased from Our large des humid be wand, and a considerable degree of domino in the sr sod faith, he battles countries had followed of course. But thougo ly. This there was some difference between him (Loa! ✓elies of Linsdown) and the Noble Earl, in their &due- I te all 811 - • lime, front these premises, thSre was nut se much i °"" 1 in the ultimate results to which they viewed the s repletion sink- them as leading; for in the same - breath is the ar e ,which the Noble Earl had told them that tax- a differ- emu was tint to any degree the canoe of the lerelf at' evil, he added that it was. however, desirable to dug food get rid of as much tsaatiog as circumstances would twilit __"i" fora them to reduce. Bast there was no lass in *skim: see anueSsellt- -could doubt Hist a hue/re of 50,000,900 f. of Ogee, sa • r a e at !?' country of the extent of this kingdom must bear hardly. fear .11- VVbett the Noble Earl asked their Lordships if in their par e lest out sage Crum one part of the kingdom to atwitter, they did wet Illihse I° observe large tracts of laud under the plumb, chic! • . Bert" but a few years age were wholly uncultivated, he looked plass on touched on ose of she Cligget of she esuiwag-evol, 14 ' ell I t ne „ : _ te e he (she Noble Marquis) agreed that the depreakiiis was • p i i n g ta in some 'smokier. prodwerd by she ezirtordoury swanks real debt 1 given to cultivation by the high priers awing It, war, rd to P s, whieh had at leugth produced a glut in she ghetto(; but the 'I sail now way to reduce that glut was not bs il riming nue pee-load i lorder __,_ to the lands oat of cultioation, but by sprig the market mire • Il U o f t. '" and isseressing the consumption. The gist had been trek given by described by the Noble Earl as arising, in a great lafalClV, I lie este of I oui of the large importatioas from Intl intl. Bet the was a . i ailiranc L e I why the produce of Ireland had beer so grimly ieweased, 1., m a and now deluged the markets of this country was, los I "Irt they cause her mesas a mption hail heeu der:rimed by i It ec oder draggi•g per at up with this country in the tare roe the Bat- of in log taxation, and being a pourer country, she sun l , ii. Great . I out able to keep pace with stile, her internal reeeurees wale rug that sootier eskausted , sad then she *Ng ggeflOilglgtd to-psar I r air issues predeigg kw the markets of &Ilse& Taunus itsistfirot i Or b ti°, woe tit alma cause of the evil; the kite god arty wily by Ito nice whirl, whirl, teller could be afforded was by a ridectios of the 1 .. 11 ,17 of taxation, stud the question was, by what mewls sech redo'. If ~ "` ""` to lion could be ,Reefed? The 111. st mode •hith gresratrd f measure itself to his mod, was by a legitimate reancloaa et the sate- 4 it.. The 1 1 wells. , s re m a c i b o a ct p ire dw d el e i b on t ; o l f h:r he ar i c e • i n e. d e ,.:„ o h f ic i l h t e a I , l l, m in u .i rd d .. e . pree .i.t e i t . e...tr s t: : i wonders, C is, coon,: r e ed bre ac a i c ii tt g ef he fa i i x tb r. e u i d th it :be re p to ul• t l h ic e c i r t. e . d . it , o , r l ; ,.. t o h , e bi t e ln ..e rd 4l s t aa ;mi at II eii, irh a i t alt it:liaseee be res tbs pe re f i re t ur t i e l lhe b tb y ll e rs t tie he t m p a s e r P t i lsod P L i e rm w t ic n b i o h i f ic e t h r h a l e a d n e ut i o u e f k u i l i n t io c r it . f e l er i d n . m d a . ll ... Z y t al l . : , rs (I visit* bad he felt great satisfaction at the eireunkiancei which; war d ' lei He did the Noble Earl to effect it. In regard to so relief wf• U het, from the by any reduction of the debt, on any phis at tor. to ' 1 " 9- ante with pohlue faith, he joined with the Noble Earl I. CI Dc nativ e ....A retesting *gains( it; and as long as they were free from she It IL l. n . _ " e * influence of the most paramount necessity, should MI eau II n7 lllBll ' proposition WPC be made, be toped be should be fowidess - 'le n t r e lr ltt he believed the Noble Earl would, in al. puce to rote op fittwit, tereer" ,_," his voice io probsting.seaiest a propusitio• su su bversive of e n ' tnere public jostler and public filth. With ropers If 'hells/ 1 eel loose, by po i nt, the re d uction of the public expenditure, it wiser pet b 1 rely lyid Bible for their Lordships, to the •bseuee of the estamnin (. 4 ' th the *ming year, In decide bow far it west be mad* *e3s fe down to wry it beyond the priest to which it had shady beet alg . . the view brought; and when it was renumbered that, on forso . i . • VG Noble OCCllgalla, it had ben declared by Minister' Hist ii was g . possible to make any deduction from the miasma • 01 sun, for i hey brought forward, and that notwithstandiug sea ea le Hu tider the ratios. cousetensble redactimis bad afterwards Less wok. ' tbt it Lord- he trusted bepbould il eat by .charged with a epee-at*: l ole whodour is not relying with implicit coeldeoge .am the rie til Mi l e 'drill. ties of the Noble Earl, that so farther ledectine . Ilk be effected by the vigilance gad exertions of Paelia • ea ch they 40 e mire. pe the ntbes estira w t t e h s e w it b r i . c . h iag had ,ea bi r. en H fr e am ea t e b t y; to M w i t ti o ist ibe em ied eflkei to isyy ow which she Noble Ertl bail dwelt with greater lewril. . 0 live hid very naturally ea, from the important rODIltitfill101111•gg: view o f • hod involved. las considermg this subject, it vnaaretw7 , fel get at • clear understanding of the asters of the Pewit, ig ,,, 4t ' P rut : - was read/Ted somewhat difficult, bylthe istabigeisas hew ahem 'aril the which the statements connected with it wire akar ski:: /Mt b.: his which left them geoerally quite in the dark. Mow it . won"; Pei mamma lenient to hold a high tone in 'praise of the •°, , libe of the slaking fend, it waa the practice to b.iiil forth • sell w 7 reasons ate fund of 17,060,0001. as a part of the ell of ?be _.., PM et 31 4 CO t.h O e . . .W r ez e i l l:s auc e , t s ho p u i Ot t he t des coe l a rs u b y le , t t h ri e e n xh i i he bit imi a ter ini rth , l , lll C a -,,... whi le ;a c t , s ha u d d :i a a i k e in e g o r v ett er d l e he f 5 , , x 0 p 11 e 0 , , , 00n d i mew l. f ,. ro T r be d b l y .e t . h t e .o 7 . ri i l be us art. ti f f .or, t : i s e ,..ce : PQM ,i e E., : i vibe s serp .hl os e there ezwistas. it a was s t a sa ss .pl t ; se s k ind ; of e l or ia l l b ovi a ar " . 4 : e wh i t Sher it eight set Di belief applied ot the. tedeettM sire raiatialg evil taxatioo, than io the formation of a sinking h i( „ eal • s „- ,moutft- there was a Government that more than - _ ... A ~, hop lc 51 ich the tie example of violating, by repented w ia!sa ns i . .2; k , ex t en d crestinnists, the principle of • • measure lake . 1 % so lateN as tavaolable it was that distress who l• The ,of coo Mr . kso clis x % 4 0 il lion, erpNinoictiblies I c aw !' 1 1:: t i ! l f a l . l :I suss, h e r 1 lista".. E ll:.""lt s C I h e ti n I Itt e e r yl e 851 1 3 : i ll' e as d 'H i r ib s :. et d ja r 'd : nl : l 0 ' B4 1 7 'oedfilt the beet r ni l ' , ifiCie : s . n----i : listy cUlti The., 00,1it,iimiet i:e xesev or yl li r r .;.. aPiromemurrhet'seusinekdisaiibifeeurbndi7,issiipaistorenepru,,posttbeawniag w itr it.Av a nie er try her schu, ts, ea s e 1 of the sinking fund of that time to the curet: .seared . 0 >Plulflnfl proved that they had ever held tie waking lw-T .. l _, or Iftli trx- ' puebirt at the dismiss' 4 PWinnwiew's . 1 , li eu !? 4.4, . I , . . . ~~ t is F 1 IC