The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1822-05-09 00:00:00

IT IE S w r . I evidence. It was perfectly idle to suppose that we could be seethe in • competition with grain which, duty included, was not more than 1171. Their inicra mug &chile to the rate of foreign matkets. If toms were doubled by the weevil% low prices, they would then be quadrupled. Jut why dtd_ not . the N oble Lord provide security t%e the agricattuviatita regard to their ethir pro. OM., ? lie aging *stied that the petitioners sought it-Auction of taxes_Au. the sonouot of V 9 milhous ; 1 they barlO`ver liiiiiiit at it ; all they :Isla( was, toms a reduction as would enable them to pay the remainiog taxes and uphold the Government of the couture. Lord At:VH.OIP entirely coocurred with his Hon. Vri.-ird se to rile 'recreant, for reducing taxation, soil sue no objection to the spirit of the resolution; but yet he must taiely say that the preselog of it would be very inconvenient, and he must in that case out exactly oppose the resolution, but vote for theAtirsoptiee 'to proceed. He would not then go , tote ltigiiiiy if the proposals to he made were liicely in /Odd effctual relief, though he wait ready ' to 'prima th•t the Cliff, lIW WWI so bed that the it'll ought to be immedistely inquired 'into. Mr. Mosel[ would support the motion. on the ruund that none or•theprojtmeurs pretended that titers would bei any ilemelnue relief in their plant. 'I hyy treated the patient at the ',Mut of death with life hope or curing an evil which was only 'noble seater& and Couti o gent. Ile would vote for the VeoHatiiii, befeust it *nut Ito that one only mode plAT7iil relief—lei immediate and material! redac ism 'the taxes. Cieiitleiiieu talked of hie price*. It iseu r eiteeptisip to the issue of reser tiring Cash pay -. 1 , koopris boa ki,., ii,,,tienar Weie tkey higher t Besides, delfit were they enamored with those of the Conti t'?' Breed was Ij. i*M. lb. in France, in Eigland , 4yi . ."11 0 1 1 0191iercetit. higher then On the Coutinent ; asisetyri't libbrd wits thought to be not su ffi cient. V' WO 44 gilel or I,gi, Rod the nine pre- I sieirtiii i ri/' From ' the cessation of the Amen- , r r, ilNoiog or last war the price was 445. ' Ol: ` ;`antics* war and nine tears before the Aattf triskilay to 465. The price was hardly mei% se , high; ii ; It ' lsreeeet. Then how came it, yrith'' l l,,---;,. d , tif iiiiiiisT . that the agricultural 1 "-* ir ji illte'tee't 'deed i seg t ; p 4 es iis 1792 t That year was one left ,t &Jest prosPerity; there was then no coull-i' riusti, Of the went of rents or or prOflts4, ' bet 0160 the relative aiMatiou of the iNonilly A liee thltl yeast. The whole Charge in 1792 was teei Millie i now oit vies More than thirty milfiOns—the'rifablielh i 'nye, tleep . aeireti millions, were l iio* eighteen mil.' ~l horr-Illor ittookla ti 1 g 1ima,240,1/001. slog now to `ki Ifiri:liiillei!s at the loweii-.4 the two Millions of .- . r :ir fr es. b#l!' become ieven Milliume-the whole • . sus •1.1 ....• • cc, , i ama lt es 4li pt ell he l v r, te ij o i rr s , t;pi l at d ru i g ri r e ° . 7 T lo he sP l:ro n b i l Y e T n tio ~olt a V firitifiii at five per 'rent. ore tie Ny i *,greta ; ..T4 isiiposition to tlsio;' hr would „re, Ait"i'hiii of an estate of 1,600 f. iit 1 ,_ rent'altrol.. — li year, another quarter fur tithes en ratite . ; leit', Oa for the farmer and his ' labourers with Aar' wives; taxes Va. 61 iii the Hoeuri, _left 700 1 .. a' year clear. If the Lloincellor Of the Eselierpteegdt hold of 4001. now. instead of his former 11101.4 w !could leave but 1 ; 2001. The expenses of cultivation must go 014 Mid the poise,- rotes most increase. The tents would he withdrawn, sud thotigh the Exchequer might flaurish, sgricul . tiire 1,001 be gradually extinguished. Another evil 14 in this, that what the Ext‘hequei tuck wastakeu -chair off without any reaiike; whereas the rents are scattered in a oireside 41 the neighbourhood; trod couiributed to pat the plough in motion again. Xsiciurive taxiitioir was artificial stability. he pre- ' feried the Ifesullittiiii, keeauee n il !arid directly to ‘. She eval i it raiidle to tali it' re Acing a milli°, Or two here or ihere..-u..thisig . shoi s t of a very mate y.. reu re emount would avail. li h irsaid that , 11 • t - ...use , alone oimlll nut have produ,t the distress, . impasse there was the aline distre,o'leilwisetkord, ifYriel ;here were scarcely any taxes; but it was the Oat, thing if there were money charges. A mote pnfortuna'e nuopnce could not he owned. The , lew of primogroiture did not prevail in Switzer _,..itod, but estates descended I.y that snore equal .apfl josipillar mode of gavel kiticl. Not that small . jamas were partitioned nit the death of the owner ; Lite kends were put to sale, and the brother who ~,Tar wee orsisserebte to his brothers end sister. their shares of the property. As the families , owe generally numerous, a great portion of the Ikeda lay ender mortgage for theie payments; but Wherever a Sitio, 'peasant was uneucumbered, Ito ler from bring distressed by elm:dance, it was all the better for liim' stud his faMils—they all fed , ketter...so did his horse, his ox, arid his ass. He I;poteittled that the only remedy, the only &litho- ROU (or fluor 'Offerings, was the reduction of ,tears, he ratted his teenier arguments to sheer 1 Attie might to 'be a general adjtistrnent of ell . 4 r pr eb l e v n a t t e s; . m i n ad a i d rd e . iu j ts ias e relo, 4 "a ted ir :u ct aa p ey ub t l o ic the and p .... fir K. Litott said that he had abstained from .. - .., s teaawiggtto• fiouse while the agricultural ;minima meter pveleofiteg, hoping that the agriculturists . would be krotight to see the danger as well as fully of seeking partied relief, and that they would seize the opportunity - given them by their distresses to we're a reasonable reduction of taxes. Seeing . them advance propositions so monstrous as that of adveuelog the price of corn, do that in the greatest eitigtecy of .a }twee season the quotient loaf would be piiaed to tet. 6d. he protested against any such gepolutioue. The silence and forbearance of the auspissfacturing sad commercial classes was not owing to their indifference to this conduct, but to, a real respect, ,asid sympathy for the distress isf agriculture, and o hope that some wire and e4feenve measures would be adopted. he allow ell that the corer laws were imperfect ; but this Such the worst period to undertake their regohitiou. measures as he should propose for that ob ject would displease the agriculturists ; their inn sores would spread alarm through the conutry, and that, Its,, of nu artificial character—the greatest discontent would not only be felt hot expressed hirussters would have Dew pretessees roe siseinvetion ors lie liberties of the people. end he had seen • euough of coercive goteroment—he had himself brew eimeghits victiie--not to wish to increase the .ectursi oft,. It had berm said that tlwee 'Omaha rpliaitwests 8441(1,4 fielded with the other in teaesta as bOotigiug' l tlll'• one tinnily ; hut there sbn,.ld bell° sdespnige given to cosi .brother over the met. ,Hi did set kelkeve that soperaiiendance .2%Nris . . meals • day. The farmer goi his salt, candles, clothe% and every thing cheaper ; he had pot the house and window tax collector to appease ; and so through hr aold• for less , * baught in proportion, and flourished notwithstawling. But the thirty ma lions of population in Erstice ;lend thirty-four ind ite°s of taxes wily, scarcely wore than 11. per head. England, with seventeen millions of people, paid tisty.fooir million, of tuxes, exclusive of tithes and poor rates. They might sod ought to lettuce ten millions of taxes without touching pubic credit : by altering the colonial system ; by appropriating the sitikin fund; sod by some alterations in the collection of the revenue. Mr. Gc ito CY observed on the bopylemnets of the projects for relieetost the distress. He ceosured the policy of Ireland, which sent the produce here to obtain money for it, and left the population to starve. lt,spitsaill that the price of corn was n.dy 4g.. it gilt to he inquired iieto,'if thstinairy in the pre seat currency was nut equal to the 100.. wiiich it fetched in the depreciation. He thought that in corn, as in other comineditica, the best trade would be a fre one; fruits which reason he would have all the taxes directly oppressive and vexatious to com merce remitted, awl a moderate income UM sub/li mited. Mr. Walnuts would Five his most decided and unhesitating concurrence and upprobatiob to it re duction of taxes; but he looked at taxation with a view to the iuereareed weight which had been added to it by the law of 1819, an increase which the sup porters of the Bill newer anticipated or they could never have consented to add 40 per tent. to those burden* It was to that they must look for the main cause of all the distress and confusion around country. Till they had grappled with timatioa, under this view of the va.t increase angle in the Value of it, all other discussion at to the rates of ,protecting duties would be mere mime of time, l iewaisetwald way draw *side the slteptieii of the ;new, which ought to curoceistrate itself ois that difficult object. As to price—good God I how Could they talk about it without underetanding Jooltist was the measure of valve?: It was thi price ;At money which they had to coilaider. To that *sat they lint address their •tteiotion—the rest Was but a waste of time until that were done. lv lot oft duties I—rates of protecting dutier!—they .qpnbl be waudefing in the dark it they did not de o Wrimiart the question of the value first. 1.)14 On I WSW believe it potsible far the country to sustain *it burden of taxes as they had become mug ' died by the law of 1819 ? l'ould the land " _p. to bir mpy postibility exist upder 'lie ' Ilc setallionona pressure. He would support the pro .pilliaissi fur reduction of loxes Studer this iripw r As to price., when it seas said that the e of DArlitiC was 43'. th.ot price oat ani on the depreciated cuirency ; it was no* the s . loser—itte &shah price. The expemie of Motto the foreign producer was no longer a r he would directly assume the British ''• . ' There was a di ff erence to be observed hr -1 4 1 . mi! motley price of produce and the real or L ''' " toliar price: the lighter the weight of taxation the easier were the burdeus which the industry of the mortify had to bear, lie wished to raise the price of cure by raising the price of money. . The higher the money psi, e of corn. the lower they biought the labour price. Enhance the money price, and the weight of taxation was lesseurd—it would have the tame effect at vepeiling so men] beam The Mouse ought so 'mike eft a disnaq perception of the subject of ;mew. The ismer object tr§leh'lltey bad to look N NW to heat dawn the labour price to the lowest stste. Tie weight of .laces. sold not be under the ,opeoation of the standard set up by this Act' a . on, ; he believed' it to be mo rally • and 'plisietil iy iin pinsible ; iltif ' 1 the ti me was rot far eitsteut when the Haire' liith the AAUP Itlelr . pcmsw. AO ihretaelars, ebbired 10 take the subject rule thew considemtion. He considered that if the Bill were not so be repealed. there aught to be another to adjust the debts and coo /recto made 'whin the last twenty yews to the as. standard. fi e c o najitsi t sl that these was nut so much to *dreaded Goa the competitiou of, foreign grain, .as it was to he desired that ii nu& not come lii . at as to overwheihn the British agri culture, when there was no uremia' for orluntitiog it. He would have no objection to take the puce ' hem Use avtiage of the last 20 yeas. Ile could sot accede to the proposition for a free trade in men, as that would tend to make the country de, pendent un others fist the loud of the people—a Mod dangerous weapon to trust tit the banns of a foreign Power. r Mr. PEEL rose to observe that this was not the proper time to take up the tutrjeci of the cur , ,coca, so largely discussed by the Ilion. Gentle 'anti. Adsertiog to the wises venoms made by the Hon. Member on the Bill which he had the tumour to bring in at the request of the !Willem Commit ter, in 1819, lie wished to onnierstand if the HMIs Member intended to introduce any measure upon that subject ?—(Hr. Western said, " Cer tsinly.")—Fur dist reason lie would decline going into it. l'o exclude all reference to it might be impossible; but in a questioil of such immense imporimice, involving b 0 mussy interests, iii so important a degree, lie thought it extremely dr. enable that they should oreperote it us much as possible from the present eliscurraini. Ile hoped the House would approach that subj• et with caution. Noshing which had fallen from t-e Honourable Gentleman, ur any other Ilonourshle Member, had yet convinced him of the propriety oh aliening end untettliog all the arrangements, contracts, and other interests, which had her.. established under the new standard. Ile declined going into tiny of the propositions which had been made fur a depar ture from at. Ile amidst only obser ve that as its revising the contracts mod debts of the last twenty years, it was to be remembered that the prepera- gjass for larieriniu g (mill payments began to 1816.-.. He paistpvised any oilier argumeasts till the subject 1 dome under 00 cowsideration of Parlssourent. Awl to the supposition of the Bill of 1819 adding 40 per cent. to the weight of taxes, conaidering that . , . caused tile distress. !Piastre ,dad uhitud.ortt too, and priers declined te. dd. ; but there seas ust bankruptcy, nor did the labourer seek aims in cep. segnence. They lase nut se well off; but t tt hray. ware Will ttsppy.)4sleinte t were well paid no fel Ne hetkisever spoken to a Frencli Peasant but be hound him tone content with his ; ley away, sniff:him that they had - three' or foie • ... the revenue was stilitiaerea , iiii,lat gig* him on ides of the r.sourcee of the eouutry whit* he could uever hive insegined. Mr. WILLIAMS .aid, that if he were to detain the Ilonse from going into the Committer, when he thought they were hke-tv to take steps of make remedy, her/mild think it nrcespary to mske some tiro hr* bounden duty to. sappol the motion of his lion. Friend, and feeling (hat he was not with. !lidding their attention - 4am the means of pairribli. l relief by so doing, he !would trouble them aloha I few observations. They ought first to rentmlitt! what was the general language of the petitions wl t kh had been heaped upon their table; their prayer was not for • distant, a remote, • speculative relief, which might or might not he attained, or which would come to the relief of the rising generations, whets the present race of farmers and holders should be swept away ; but their prayer was immedietely, ;ma without any exception or qualification, for u colt• sidersble and immediate reduction of taxation. He considered that the ground *lra now open—the ex pedient of the Noble Lord was withdrawn—the ceremonial was gone through—the plan was dui., posed of, great is it wee, mid impossible as the Hon. Baronet (Member for Wertroilister) found it to gave it adequate praise; there was no other ow foot which professed to have an immediate tendency to relief. What inference should they make; what aspect did the situation of the House presets' ? Would it oot he fair to say, that in proportion as the wisdom of the wise hid been found defi gsts the reasons were more and more abundant or taking up the suggestions of that plain, strong, direct sense which the Petitioner* them. selves had of their own case ? What was the lan. gunge of the Petitions ? Did they not all confise their prayer to one of two remedies—reformation of the Commons House of Parliament, and relive. Lion of taxation ? On the first of these Subjects, after the discussion and division of the other night, he did not mean to say any thing spon it—but that he regretted he was not present to add to the mitunity on the other topic, taxation—srus there soy man who would contend that reduction would not hive some immediate of of relief ? He was not now speaking of the quantity of that reduction. If it were small, was it not better thsn any of the proposal', which contained none ? If Gentlemen would tell him that the repeal of the tax on silt, leather, mop, and candles, would do• little in the sum of things—his reply would be, that this would do empethiug. But the proposelabei fore the House bail no tendency, no °otter*. tion, but to mislead public opinion, and With., draw that which the Petitioners possessed, a de. Free of manly fortitude in bearing their adversity, .il . the House had really no remedy to propose, it would bt but right freUkly to avow it, • and stairs that us the cute never before occurred iu the sh•pw of distress, so Parliament could suggest no mesas for the relief of it ; but if, as no mast in his senses relief was to be had from taxation re duced—Was there then nothing to be done? Eco nomy was • lesson that Ministers might yet trim): it *us. a dot:tante which, neither with them nor any other*, was self-taught. It was thought of first by the representatives when their cosi stituents (ansoimptlmireseatieuttn who hail the mis. fortune to have say) made the denial of their importunity incooveuient.' The practice off it begau with Minister/ when Parliament town to refuse the attifliii. To come to paitictilik 'then, were the Colonsies, op ample field for rgdoccioo, Let those whirls insole riot provide the expenses of their own government, and were not of paramount . importatics, have their expenses withheld, Hat Was reduction within their reach—not re:not —not to operate at distant or uncertain time—b 4 such a ready and useful reduction as the demanded. Wm theism:amity fur reduction pleas. ing or am! P. If the distress raged to the rxl tent the Peutloheri descrihed, untidier groused o retrenchamnst -ovoid be open to the Howe. And what winsathat His speech might not be very plausible; but in • core of urgent necessity, such ids theyieletritt was admitted to he, there might to bs ireductiim of ell, from the highest to the loweaf in the Slate, who were paid nut of the taxes of thug eitutWir. might trot be a pleasant remedy.; II disease had no pleasant or agreeable symptoms. I • the language of the petitions were true, 'it was • question in issue between the amioilants 4' Goversirent mid the destruction of one slaws 061 e trowel gist of the interests of the empires Something had been said in the speeches of lumpy Geol.-mew, Hon. Members of dirt Home. respect:. ing the opinion of the people of N uglsod ; H se ti c ; • they in that Howie were receding fronts die few and gond will of the people of &gland. lk knew lint what other 'neaps might be looked tn,by other Gentlemen for restoring that good Opini'M, but he thought that it never could be restored.oatil. by attending to such motions as that of ha Walloons ble Friend, the [louse began to exercise iti rimiest power of control, and to spew itself attentive to the wants, distresses, and sufferings of the people, 'by its determination to relieve them from that chief canoe of their greatest suffering, oppres-ive taxa. tion.—(Loud cheers.4-.llelieving, therefoie, that such a motion as the present, if greed .t , t, was the readiest means to lead to a return of the coolidence o f the , people. he hail the greatest satisfaction so giving his rote for it • 'and feeling it his pesuniouot duty so to do, he bad thus .far trespassed us the time and attention of the House to give his rea-ow• fin that rote.—lehiess.) Mr. PHILLIPS said, he would shortly state the reason why, though lie should vote for the snot* • of the Iloilosirable Member for Yorkshire, ha could not do so on the grdunda of his recinumenda. lion; which was, that he had grounded that re. commendation on the supposed necessity of such a reduction of taxation us could net be made with:' out defesoding the public creditor, • proposition to which he (Mr. Phillips) Could never us-en'.—. (Hear.)—He was decidedly of opinion , that hewing wisely returned to a metallic standard of value, tt would be extremely ithpolitic, uud most iejud mews to the comiumuty to depart from (Heir, hear, hear.)—One particular circumstance whirl/ had led to a general erroneous impression of the,exteot to which' the change had operated upon time polio of Coutracts amid other eugsgetuenia lit money was, that in reasoning upon that subject gentlemen bed almost universally referred to the period at which the currency was at its lowest point of depreciation, aud had argued irdia that riot—. winjuit ii44lhd as it gentlemen argefitg oil the other side hat taken the higliteet point of it. elevation, and thervfilik drawn II errantry inference. The Him. Memhet for Callingtou (me. Atwood) had stated, that for e - teritury and a half before the late war, the- ;rice of-corn remained steady at an average of from 475. to 49v. and had asked how it was that the farmer were riot contented with the seine prtfes now which contented them et that pea riod, the payments now bring made as they then were, ill a metallic currency ? Ile would answer that by referring to the increase in the cost of pro duction; the taxes, the poor Wei, the tither, hourers wages, med. the price of every commodity used by the )termer, had greatly increaved; and until these were diminished, it was impossible that the farmer vial./ bring b,, produce to market at the plices 'which repaid the grower at the fortr;er period alt a Utetallic, currency. pet et a ruinous loss. The increase of taxation he conceived to have mainly conitihhte& to the iocreesEof ell the other charges *hie)) he had mentioried; and the orely way there. fore to r diminhtio9 Of those charges. was the in most posoddeveditelion of taxation. To effect this, every branch of the expenditure ought to he pared down, every estebbahnient of the Government ought to treserapulonsly revised. He hoped, therefore, the Country gentlemen would not consent themselves with having reduc'ed the two junior Lords of the Admiralty, and one of the Postmasters -General, but would enforce to the utmost passible extent retrenchment in every one of the Government eittablishmeuta, and economy in every branch of the public expenditure.—(Hear, hear.) Sir COFFIN said he did not rise to discuss the subject which was now tinder cousideretion, for he confessed he did not understand much about it ; bet be wished to offer one Of we remarks on an rih servetion which had feller from the Honourable and gallant MemlWr for Sisitthwirk (Sir it. Wilson). The Honourable Member had nit) that every French peasant fared better than an English labourer. Now he (Sir I. Coffin) had been in many parts of France, and he was satisfied that an English farmer looked better and heartier, and est at least lour times as much—(Laughter)—as any Freochman ; and he declared to God, that in no country which he had seen, bad as was our situation at present, were either the uobiltty, gentrr, clergy. yeomanry, or peasantry, helfao well off as they were here even now,—fnene end larghter.l Mr. k. Lioncitss repressed his surprise that the Honourable Geutlemen who hail spoken last but one should vote for this minion, white he depiecated almost every one of the grounds on which it had been proposed. Mr. Cuawax said, unless relier.'ind great relief were given to the country, deeply is helemented it, he did see a periusi, and slot tar distant, when. tether than the landed ustorest of the country should be allowed to go whoilrto kin. the fended interest inuif he called 14itrs proysib t p,gceiSc r ,— (Cheers.)—He shpufdlpt. ,arty, Imsraver, to give a vote to that of mini every egret hod ea ten fried to effect the rebel of the agriculture'. in& &W -ed.—(Heer. hear.) Mr. Deets Baowes could not understood how any men could vote for this motion, tinker leeorials; ed the dividends not to be paid, and the errantry to be revolutiussized. Mr. llastasomr said it might, no doubt, be pos. sible that a revolution, Or something very like it, might be put off for i short time; but the only mewl by which it could be done was, not by pay ing the tale., but by the reduction or taxetion, (Hsu. hem.) —The reason for which he shritild sup port the amendinelot of the Hon. Member for' York was, because he' did out think ell meastire would be brought forward by his Wrajesity‘ri Moister* that could advent* the Mimes of the country or re- Ile ve it frookiht Norma disteees.— VI ear. herr.) Mr. N. CALVARY, NE well as we could collect from the conflisirio lit tlestillleo and the noise in the House, suggested the propriety of the amend , meat being.withdiefti. Mr. WTVILL or, fading that he should be do- Ang wrong to with aws.motion which he had made .on Abe minviotiosi ails being for the beurfit of the countryi' whets wishing hold been urged ageism it Which tended it on ttritiake that eativiction, he plersteNewjq takipig the seine of the House sworit. . : • • Mt. Baoustakm.aniapatted.the amendment of his Hon. Friend on the ground of the grand princi ple Which weak SO eits Or the . necemity of reduction of taxation far die relief of tlfe c 4 uutry. To what extent it might he poas.ible or proper to carry that reduction, would be mutter for distinct consideratioa afterwards. They would be able to go into the Committee on the agricultural question on the succeeding day, and the Ignaid• 'lowest would gain by the delay in the great edvantage which would Ulu' he secured to Them. The Marquis of LONDONDERRY stud, the ques tion, as it had been explained in the speech of the Hon. Mover, was aimed ai the repeal of 4 0 . 0 0 0 , 00 01. of taxes, which would amount to a couliscation of the property of the public creditors. In supporting it, therefore, the Ilion. and Leaned Gentleman mina be prepared to concur with a proposition of so alarming a character, and to leave the country to the dangerous delusion which would grow out ?f it. Mr. TIERNEY said, that as the subject met his view, it appeared' to him that the oniessdinent of his Honourable Frieud was a motion which did no inure than establish IS irgenesal principle the ne cessity of an immediate 'reduction or taxes for the relief of the country. He could not therefore con sider the motion as at all !evolutionary in its cha racter or principle ; and as it was not chwituble to question the motives of any gentleman, in common charity he should refrain fr making that inquiry into the motives of those who resisted the motiou on those grounds, which they seemed disposed to iu stitute into the 'flutists or those who supported it. Thinking that whatever might be the merit of the resolutions before the Committee, they did not go to provide a remedy for the tomtit distress, he did not see that inconvience from their postponement, which would wise from the postponement of a tuition which went to the immediate remedy of that distress. He thought the only disad vantage of his Houourable Friend's motion arose from his not having given a sufficient notice of his intention to move it, which would have pro cured a fuller attendance in its support. He was not premised to go to the extravagant extent of 40.000,000/. its his views of reduction ; but he we. gonviisted•that the best and Wired the only relief that could he given to agriculture would be by a reduction of taxes to a great amount, and therefore he should rte for the amendment. 11r. IlrOcity WAS cow/weed that a great reduc tion of essaty'm could be effected; and feeling that it was neeesaa►y to carry reduction as far as it could be carried, in order to shed relief to the country, he gave itissoipporr to the amendment. The CHANCELLOR or the EXCHEQUER said, it was generally understood shot those who gave their support to may motion, did in on those grounds os which it was placed by the inover—(Hear, her►) unless those grounds were espresaly disavowed, and the distinct grounds on *lnch they founded their ►upport were explained.—(Hear.) —He thought the present motion, and the grounds on which it rested, went In shake the only solid and substautial fowl. dation of public credit.--(ltieur. hem.) Me. POWLEII' said, in agreeing to the motion r d the Hoot. Member for York, he by no means toe. curred with him in opinion as to the amount of toxatioo that could be reduced, for he could newer be a party to any measure that would compromise public fiuth. Sir W. DE C&EIPIGNY supported the amend. taint. M►. Bettor said, as he had always held that the grestest relief the country could receive mutt he from the reduction of taxation, he should vote for the amendment of the Hun. Member for York. Mr. T. WILSON said he should always be at ready as the Hon. Member for Bristol (Mr. Brightl to tote for reduction of taxation as far as it could be effected with safety to the public interests.— (Hear. hear.) —But he could by no means concur with him in voting for • motion for reduction of taxation. which was introduced under circa's. stance• so onsinout to the public faith and credit al' the country.—(Hear.) The House then divided— Noes Ayes Majority @elitist the Amine!mem B2 RELIEF OF AGRICULTURE. On our return to the gallery we touud the House in Committee, and Mr. BEesrr on his legs. Whether it were p m . aible, or not, he said, to retrace their steps. was not for him to say; but he was convinced that it was impossible to go on, utiles' in the words of the Hun. Member for Tountou (Mr. &trill), they re. lazed the yoke which they had 'flouted too tight ; he therefore thought they should relax from the principle of the present Coen Bill. He was at a loss to conceive how the Hon. Member for Porter lington (Mr. Ricardo), on his own principle*, could be opposed to such an alteration of the present laws as would immediately estahlish a free trade its corn. The Hon. Member for Westruluster (Sir F. Burdett) told them diet importation w o okf r ose the prices; if so, these who were friends to the eon sumer should wish for higher duties even than those which were proposed by the Honourable IMember for Somerset (Sr T. Lethbridge.) He had taken the pains to ascertain the prices at which corn could be brought into the. London markets. The evidence of Mr. Sally, to which the Honour. ' able Member for Portarlingron had referred, slated flint 56.. was the cost of brioging it from the in. tenor of Poland. But he (%lr. B.) did not Ita. why it should not he brought from the interior of Ragland ; for an English gentleman farmer, its impartial a witness, he apprehended, as Mr. Soule. who *as a foreign corn-merchant, and wished the duty to be as low as possible, said it could be deli eared in London at 31s. The price curfew at Me mel iu January last was 335. 10d.; he would call it 344., as he had rather give the fraction %Nowt his own calculition. Tokiag, therefore, 94.. es the tome at Memel, the freight sod insurance to London cooid be gut at 4s. ; lauding and warehousing in London would be gs.. the profile the me: chant at 15 per cent. (if that was not sufficient there were persons ill the House who could correct his estimate) would be3s.: the amount of duty which he proposed to lay on ass 445. which would make the total charge 676 That Ire considered as a autficieeit protecting price to the British agriculturist. and it would give the landlord the rents of 1792. There was also a circumaionLe which had escaped attention, which was the over measure or difference between the foreign corn measure and that of this country. A very honest rem° had stated that difference to amount to more than would cover the charge of freight and insurance. Ile would take it, however,at half, that was Is. which he would add to the profit of the 'Detrital's, malting it 20 per cent. He claimed for the landlords tie rents of 1794, because he considered them equaliy 'tallied to a profit on their capital a. the merchant, manufacturer, or tradesman, and at that period In which he referred taxation war low, and we had a gold currency. Oise more calculation would prove the claim which he pat in. The Hon. Member for Portarlington admitted the farmer was entitled to a protectiug duty equal to the amount of tales which lie paid. which were not paid by the formers in other couutries. By the erideoce before the Com mittee it was proved that the amount of rates sod taxes paid by the farmer amounted to 3s. 10J. per bushel on the corn he raised, *lnch would amount to 30.. Bd. per quarter ; but he only chained a duiy of Y 4.. It was desirable to feed the people of a &voider us cheaply us possible, but it was a 111. r, desirable object io make them as happy as pi,seibk By adopting the principle of importation, without such a duty as would protect our own farmers, we might give the people cheaper food. We shoohl then withdraw them from agriculture, drive them into towns to work with machinery in the manufac tures, and destroy the healthy. hardy, robust pea inotry, the sturdy and substantial yeomanry. and. he might add, the itidependent country gentlemen. If by so doing it were possible to odd to the tem porary riches of the nation, they 'lever could add 1 the happiness of the people, to the strength of a mnion, or the security of its independence. I , support of his last proposition. the Von. Menthe quoted the observations of Adam Smith on the Dutch nation. The Noble Lord talked of net forcing a measure upon the country ; but had there been petitions front oily part of the country ognitot grouting any protection to the farmers, or *gal any change in the present corn laws ? None, at 'd w rs sure should tlle be whole country protected. was • is is xiiou;laidt that I:: agriculture Ministers never hesitated about lercing use upon the country. Again, they were told not''' lean too much to tire landed iuterest. B I I