The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1820-11-10 00:00:00

C. ~..i .. _ r Cent. - . . E 7 / - N u maga 5595. %ROYAL, L►RGRY•LANE. T O-MOR'RbK, SATURDAY. Nov. 11, his Mojaity's fitivaisis will perform THE BEGGAR'S OPERA. With ea additional Sc Captain blockade, Madame Ifesiris; Precisions, Mr. Mun. den; Locket, Mr. Gatti.; Filch, Mr:Knight. Mrs. Peachum, 'Mrs. Marlowe; Polly, Miss Powey (her 3.1 appearance in OA character); Lacy, Miss Kern,. In Act It. will he introduced a Rirbetto, being nearly a f othfut repieseotalioa of the .ode is which the celebrated. bLery-k-bone Gardens were illuminated ou such occasions. • Afire which, the Entertainment of THE MAGPIE; Or, THE MAID OF PALAISEAU. Ererard, Mr. Tbompaun • Farmer Gervas, Mr. Cattle; Bledsoe, Mr. Relight; Richard, Mr. Barnard. Minnie, Miss Kelly; Dame Genre* Mrs. Harlow.. The interior of the Theatre hag been completely embed limbed and newly decorated. The chief part of the Seinery has bees repainted, and a new Architectural Drop Samoa, desisted mid executed by Marinari. Places for the Boxes to be taken .f Mr. Hartwell, at the Private Box Entrance, Little Rassell.street, model the com pletion of the Portico. The Doors will he opened at Haltpast Six o'Cloak, •nd the Performances on each renting eff&l.Efbet at Seven. Boxes, 7s, ; Seeoed Price, 3s. 6.11.--Pit, 3s. W.; Second Price, 24.—Lower Gallery, es.; Second Price, Ig.—Upper Gallery, I s. ; Second Price, N. Os Monday, the Tragedy of Othello. Midas is iu prepared...is at this Theatre. A new Farce is in rehearsal. THEATRE-ROYAL, COVENT-GARDEN. THIS EVENING. FRIDAY. November 10, will be perfumed Meakepeare• Comedy of TWELFTH NIGHT. _ . With New Reentry, Machinery, Dresses, sod Decorations. The Overture soul whole of the Music composed and select. ed frost Morley, Ford, Ravesseroft, Seville, Sir John Stevenson, Winter, Sm.; arid the Glees arranged by Mr. Bishop. In she CrIOW of the Comedy will be introduced Songs, ts, (Ps e-, and Choruses, the Poetry selected entirely from shr hems, and SIIINIri. of Sbakopeare. Doke 1.b.0t0, Mr. Abbott ; Valentine, Mr. Taylor ; Curio, Mr ; Sir Toby &kb, Mr. Emery ; Sir Andrew Agist.ehrt k, Mr. Liston ; Sebastian, Mr. Pander ; Antonio, Mr. 011pm:to ; Roberto, Mr. Jefferies ; Friar, Mr. Atkins ; Malrolio, M►. W. Farrel'; Cluwa, Mr. Fawcett ; Fabian, Mr. I►uroa t ; Salami°, Mr. Comer ; Bea olio, Mr. Tiamey. r►Uri:,, Ma.; Grimm ; Vials, Miss M. Tree; Maria, Mrs. The following an the Seleetiois from Shakspeare : Act I.—" Cull main a glorious Morning;" S.innets.— Glee, Who is Sylvia ?" Two Gentler's of Verona.— Song, " Even as the Sill ;" Venus rad Adonic—Duetto,' " Orplwiss wilts his Late;" Kiag Henry VIII. Art " Ciose o'er she Brook;" King Lear and Porms.—Gler, "Ou a day ;" Love's Labour L05t....-Glett and Chorus, " A Cup of Wine;" Henry IV. Part 11. Act lll.—Song, Crabbed age; Soarts.—Daetto, " Curio, by the Row of the Spring ;" Twelfth Night.— Glee," 0, by rivers ;" Nowa. Act IV.—Soma." 0 how such more doth Beauty;" Bas. nets.—Sung," Take all my knee ;" Soworta..—Masque Glee, " Coate unto these yellow wads;" Teaapeat.—Chorar, " Daily joys be stilt wpm yowl" Tempest. Act V.—Song, " In bowers of laurel; . Poetised—gas& " Bid we discourse ;" Venus sad " When that I was ;" Twelfth Night. _ la Act IV. will be introduced Sltaltspeure's Grand Masque of JUN() AND CERES. Jana,' Mr.. T. lit; wawa ; Ifi., Mi.. POLINI; Naiad, Miss E. [leaned; Sea Nymphs, hlrsda. Taarnlrv, Loom, Chipp, and Shutter; Foams, Messrs. Vndy, 4;unriei, Grant, and Heath; anal Shepherd, Mr. Collet. After whit*, the popular Fare* of A ROLAND FOR AN OLIVER. Sir Mark Chase Mr. Fawcett ; Al fr ed Highflyer, Mr. Jones; thlhoroc, Mr. Abbott; Filters., Mr. Eatery; Game keeper, Mr. Comer. Mrs. Selborne, Miss Beaumont; Mrs. nature, Miss E Green; Mane Darlington, Miss Foote. A Private Box may be had fur the Season, or nightly, of Mr. 118..11440n, at the Box-Olio. Places for the Buses to he takes of Mr. Brandon, at the Box.olfiee, Hart-street, from Tea till Four. Beam, 7s ; Second Price, 3s. 64.—Pit, 3s. 64.; Second Prim. !a.—Gallery, 25.• Second Price, ls.—Cpper Gal lery. Is.; Servo , ' Price, To-morrow, The Confederacy, with she Ballet of Zephyr et Fiore. On Tuesday, a sew Historical Tragedy, in five acts, called Wallace. OLYMPIC THEATRE, NEWCASTLE-STREET, STRAND, lIPHIS EVENING, EIIIL ) AY. 'November 10. IL will be acted, 24 time ' a new Musical Drama, called THE HIGH ROAD TO MARRIAGE; OR, LOVE IN FILILL GALLOP. The prioripal Characters by Mr. Rowhoileam Mr. G. Smith, Mr. Yak, Mr. °sherry, Mr. Herriut, M r . d en o rnio n, Mr. Howard, Mr. Cops, Mrs. W. S. Chatterley, Miss I levity Mrs. Brooks, sod Miss Witham. After which, THE DIAMOND ARROW. The principal Characters by Mr. Howard, Mr. Row isothawi, and Miss Witham. • To conclude with, 9th lime, GREY, THE ER. . V. principal Characters by Mr. G. Smith. Mr. Row. bottom. Mrs. W. S Cbatteiley, sad M... Lazenby. The Doors will be opened at Six (Mork, and the Per torosamett commence at a Quarter before Segura precisely. Ilatfmriee at Half.past Eight. SilifiFflELD PLATE, JAPAN AND PAPER TRAYS, I WAITERS, AND OTHER HARDWARES, At Along half the price they are gym-ratty sold for. CHONERII4ON rod CO. ise the Gallery of the Salonu for the Sale of Manufactured (:owls, r 121, riaradilly, next door to the While Bear, respectfnitr Infirm Mart haute, Dealers, Captains of Ships. Hugel- keepers, fainillea, and other., that they Mare foe Sale a I roust extensive tw l irteneut of the above articles. Waiters. tram Id. ',eh ; 'truant.; Trays, Is. d.l ; 500 pair plated Candlestick., of •1..6d.; excellent Tea-pals, at 2-25.; with j Isole essortnktit of Tarlle hell Tea.caddites, WWI Iteses, kr. afl at priers ass reasonable es rat make . it well worth the isttentseu of persons in all parts of Ike lourloai to penchant of this concern. N lI.—A iarge assortment of India Rubbers, at Is. rev doses, suitable fur Statinners, Schoolowasteis, Sairgeonse 10. klunweistaisakers, Sweeties, Su: 1. -I • VIY TON. Smck-Ilralter, 4, Coriilidl, beg• 1. :sire to reeled his Friers& the Ira Lottery for this year encores drawing na WEDNESDAY NEXT, NOY ese tor n. Tiler,. are oply 3,440 Numbers, with FOUR PRIZES of £lO,OOO, Two of which are certain of ltttag • drawa the nest Day, mad 1141161 hr 1w hoolrql io the 1,700 Nanbe►e Now on ask; dm,- ' ("ft EYTON recoalsoenna do early pereltase at his foetus te Other, as he is rouvitscs d there will Mai be Tickesa wiffscirat 1 0 .apply tb• the demoted being eapreerdenteely great already. N.ll.—Twar Tickets of the nob* NlOnther at Pow" - may be hid, whereby isissoestae as of 40,0001. may be I gained!!! • • t - • This day is published, price Ss. bound is red leather, a sew and improved F.dilisis nr vINTICK.s Sig.:LLANO DICTIONARY A or the ENGLISH LANGUAGE; in which the Parts of Speech arc accurately distinguished, and the Syllsbles serrated secordung to the just and amoral peassociation ur each word. A new Edition, carefully revised, corrected, and improved. By THOMAS BROWNE, LL.D. Author of "The Union and Classical Dictionaries," &c. kr. Printed fur J. Hawaiian; F. C. and J. Rivington ;J. Naas; Cadet' and Davira; Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme. mod grown; Scatchtird and Letterman; A. IC. NeWIFISII and Co.; John Richs.elson; J. well W. T. Clarke; Harvey and Dar ' tun; J. M Richardson; J (Widget ; .1. Booker; Lackington end Co.; J. Booth; R. S. Kirby; Raldwin, Cradurk, and Joy ; J. Asperity; Sherwood, Neely, and Jones ; G. and W. B. Whittaker: and for Wilson and Sams, York. N EXT AV E DIV ES DA Y, 15th November, 17 Stale Lottery hegins, containing Two Prises of 80,090/. Consols, Tam Prises of 18,0001 Cows l% added to Twu of 2,000 f. dowel, making together Ft/UR Prizes of .... f 99,000 Consols and Money. First Ten Minutes will decide TWO PRIZES OF Tiekels and Shares are Selling by Mt, 1111.4 Sole Contiwear, 4. Corabill, and 9, Obawhatainss; wbo Shared and Sold in the Lottery just ended, No. 3,1345 No. 2,361 k THE DISCOVItItY, SHIPS. AND THU LAND EXPEDITION TO THE NORTH POLE. [From 7'#e thdl Perifel W 6 have alresey noticed the return of the di.. corery 'hips, the Hecht and Gripth Calculating upon the hypothevis which led to this voyare as now _place.' beyond all controversy or calculation, it is natural to suppovc that the public anxiety will flow in the channel of the Land Ex pedition, conducted by Lieutenant Frio,klin, who, with his companionv, were left, on the 30th of June hurt, all well, 700. miles up the country from Hud son's Bay, expecting that by the beg' tt of September, they would arrive at the Coppeimine River. Some years ago, a Gentleman, who was imtpre•sed with the idea of the possibility of reaching the North Pole from Spitsbergen, sent several queries, and requested answers to them from Russians, who ' were at that time living at Archangel, and had win• tered in those remote islands. Those questions, as well as the answers, are as follow ; and as they' may assist our readers' judgment respecting the proba bility of Lieutenant Franklin's reaching the North Pule by land, we urge them most particularly upon their attention :- 1. Quart. How many settlements have the Rat►stanv are the Mond al Spitsbergen, and Witch is the mist northerly ?—Ansorsa. There are nei ther settlements nor fixed inhabitants in Spitsber gen, except those fishermen who go there in quest of fish, and likewise of those animals from Mellen, Archangel, Otsego, Ruda, and other places border ing the White Sea, in vessels from sixty to one hundred and sixty tons. They sail from the shove mentioned places, those for the summer fishery in the beginning of June, and those for the winter in June and July. They arrive on the west side of Spitsbergen, and commonly return home, the for mer same year in September, and the latter the next year in August and September. They winter iii the Gulfs of Devil Illy, Clock Bay, Ring Bay, Crus Buy, German Island, Magdalene Bay, and to the truriliward in Lielde Bay, and others. The furthest north our fishermen ever have sailed to is Liefde Bay, and from thence in small bouts as far as Nordoster Island. I. Q. At what time of the year does the winter (continence ?—A. The winter generally sets in about the latter end of September and .beginning of October. 3. Q. Is it ushered in by storms, and is any one wind particularly productive of them ?—A. The winter winictimes sets in with winds from the north, th north-weft, and f th-west ; and sometimes commences with c.din weather, .hard frosts accom pilled with snow. 4. Q. Is the weather, generally speaking, calm in winters or are the winds high ?—A. The winds are very high and frequent ; so dust two thirds of the winter may he said to be boisterous. 5. Q. What quintity of snow do you suppose fills annually ; that is, to what depth un the g ttttt ail ?—A. Ou even places the snow is from three to five fret deep; but the triode drive it from place In place, 10 as sometimes to render all passage int practieable; and on the coasts between the hills there are inousitains of ice, occasioned by the res. stare of the waters and drift of snow. 6 6 Q. Ate the slums of ,now frequent. and of long duration?—A. The ►torms of snots are very firqueitt, tatuiUttsiog for two, three, and four days, semi sometimes fur as many week.; but the Liter sit) not occur *bore once or twice 10 a year. 7. Q. Is time cold mach more severe at Spitsber gen thasi at Archangel ? Has the degree ever been •sce►tatned by ilie therm 00000 e'er ? If it has, what mans it ?—A. Front the li.liennen's remarks, the cold is angel ; but the de4ree is not known, as the people who go there have no thermometers. 8. Q. Is the cold ever sn intense es to render g' ing abroad ilsitgemus ?—A. The cold is never so. averse as to hinder the fishermen, they being ovens tooted to it, from v....posing themselves ; hut **nue filmes the winds and drifts of snow confine them to their huts. 9. (j. AJo►itling it to be so, by what exercise 410 the Rossisus keep off the scurvy ?—A. When the last mentioned weather is an olsinside to their less- Mg their Inns, they keep off the seutry by the exercise of throwing the snow from off end around thin, hoes, which from stormy %Midler ore often buried ; and in order to get out, they are then obliged 144 inoke is passage th gli the roof. They likewise oppose the distemper by making tbe of a i sa rtieular rolled or htrb. which - grove there uu , )41 . • 4 • , •. . • 4 II! ILA` tf ;11. :111rtV *11 1, -- ls :.11 ri a farPini k ie ti • . 4.4 10, 1820. . PRIcE 7d. makes its eppeirraisce, the days increase very rapidly. . . • . 23. Q. What difference does the shunt-e of the moon oceepiou ? Are the stirs in general brilliant ? Can you see to read when the moon is under the ho rizon ?—A. From the apperunce of the moon in her s.comi quesirr to her dechoe in the last, the snights are very luminous, said the eters extraordinary light both day and night. In the gloom of winter the people keep time from the position of certain star: %Vise° the moon is belts* the horizon, it is impossii. isle to rend. 24. Q. Is the Amore Ltoreehs very brilliant ; and in what part of the horizon is it seen ?-1. Its the dark time of winter the Aunira Borealis iscion mostly seen most stro'hg in the Dearth, cud appears very red and fiery. 23. Q. Does it spinet possible to cross the ice in winter to the Nor Pole Pole ? If it does n ot, what are the obstacle. ? . The likelihood of a purge .to the Nor th Pole set mob iirebehle to 'Pm dalorrtbeit, as they have not had en opportnialy to attempt it ; and. from their observations, think all passage impossible, as the mountains of lee appear monstrously large and lofty. Soule of the ice is continually drilling 'donut ; so that sit meaty places Water is discerned. Those who have been on she most elevated parts of the Nordoster island; de clare, that as far as it is visible, open water is Only seen; but to what distance it may continue obi it iii impossible fur thew to escertotiss„ us ass atteitlid for the discovery has 'sever been made; but grew- Ucly it is practicable to bring the fuel and provi. shores in vessels to the Nordoster Island. the bulk of manktrul specemts owl 000000 s for moon testable truths, 'which bring' propagated by their itiseiples through le 11)114 Pellet Or tla % captivated the minds of men, and therrhy deprived them of that great instrument of ietener, the spirit c inquiry. •In sureeetlitig ages a new inpreiliment ammo., from the setting up profit as the ul l 000 ate object of 1.- covery; and then, as might well be expected. Its • ()referring the private and particular gain of ceriaiit individuals to the general interest. of the ciimmi nity; as well as to the ititerest of the %bole wrielr., in the extrusion of slience. Chia it Was that dared the. States General, at the instance of their East India Company, .to dircomage all attempts for a north-east possige, and to stifle such accounts na tendril to sliewthat it was practicable. We may add to lIIPPC, the sourfiess of disappoint ed navigators, who endeavoured to reorder their own miscarriages proof. of the iinpracticaliility • of mil: like attempts. This welt Um ease of Capful.. WOlO, 110 was shiplitecici , ri hpait Totowa 'Legible:omA who declared that till entlealiours on Obit Side law-, and would be f though Barentx, who died there in a like expedition, affirmed with Ins last breath, that in his oii • such a pas4.lge might be found. That the earth was spherical in its firm was an opinion very early eiltertaitied. soul amongst the learned generally admitted. It seenneil to be ptain deduction from theio:e, that a right line. pilling through the globe, would terminate in trio points diametrically °manioc. Plaio is thought to be the first who spoke of tree inhabitants (if such there were) dwelling at or near thme points, by the name of Antipodes. This doctrine oceastonet dos pules among philosophers for many ages; Some maim:Lined, some denied, mid some 'reeled It PS absurd, ridienlouts, awl impossible. Whoever will examine ion's:Wildly the )entintents of oficae great men, weigh the Contrariety of their iipiniont, snot copsider the singularity of their re*sonishigs, well see and be convinced bow umistisfaciory their not were, and discover from ihente how insoffirieiit the subtle speculations of the Mona° understanding are towards settling points like these, When totally unassisted by the lights of observation and actual experience. 26. Q. If the passage should be deemed prise• ticable, in what snootier should it be attempted ; and what means of 4:avenue fuel and prov Mons appear to be the best I—A. As the fishermen think all passage impractirable, it is not in their 'rower to give any answer to this demand. 27. Q. Might not three different hut., construct ed like those in which the people of Spitzbergen live, together with a sufficient quaintly, of provi sions in each for half a dozen of people, be con veyed on sledges. and be left at the different dis tances of two hundred, of four hundred, of mix blenched miles, north of Spitzbergen, as placer of deposit for the assistance of those who shall under take the journey t—A. Such huts might be built, and placed on shore, as said in the tenth article, at a convenient distance from their vessels; but as for conveying them ready built to the dist4inces propos ed, appears to the people an impitaribilitv. 28. Q. What number of persons and rein deer, or of dogs, would he requisite for conveying the huts ?—A, From the mountains of ice slid great falls of snow, neither dogs nor rein deer would he able to draw loads 1 for the fisherman themselves, to be as light as possible, go on snow skaits. 29. Q. At what price per man, for each tby's jourssep. would the people -Spitzbergen, if they think the adventure practicable, be likely to ender. take the conchtet of the sledges I—A. As in the last reply, the fishermen chew it is not convenient there to draw with dogs or rein deer, thetefure no price ran be said. The division of the globe by Cones being agree able to nature, the au ci en t a distingbisheil them very peepedy and accurately into two frigid. the Arctic and Antarctic Circles; two temperate, lying between those circles and the tropics; and the torrid zone within the tropics, equally divided be tween the 'gunmetal. Bat jedgisig from their ex perience of the nature of the climates at the ex •tremites of the zine which they inhabited, they concluded, that the frigid zones were timely Wl inhabitable from cold, and the torrid from intake. able heat of the sun. Pliny lament, eery patlte4 tically upon this supposition, that the race of mania kind were pent up iii so small a part of the earth. The porta, who were also no despicable philoso phers, heightened the horrors of these inhospitable regions by all the colouring of a warm and heated imagination: bat we now know, with the utmost certainty, that they were entirely mistaken as b. both. For within the arctic circle there are coun tries inhabited as high nearly as we have discover ed; and if we miy confide in the relations of thus., who have been nearest the Pole, the heat there is very considerable. in respect to %%hitch our own mei vigators and the Dutch pettedly agree. In regard to the torrid rose. we have new not the least doubt of its being thoroughly inhabited; and which is more wonderful, that the climates are very different there, according to the circumstances of their situation. In Ethiopia, Arabia, and the Mo luccas, exceedingly hot; but in the plains of Peril (and particularly at Quito) pettedly temperate, so that the inhabitants siever change their Clothes in any season of the year. The sentiments of the ancients therefore in this respect are a proof how inadequate the faculties of the human mind are to discussions of this nature, when unassisted by facts. The Pythagorean system of the universe. revived and restored near 250 years ago by the celebrated Copernicus, met with a very difficult sod slow re ception, not only from the bulk of mankind. for that might have been well expected, but even from the learned; and sonar very able astronomers at. tempted to overturn and refute it. Galileo Galitei wrote sit admirable treatise in its Support, in which he very fully removed most of the popular objet. tiont. This. however, exposed hint to the rigour of the Inquisition, and he was dbliged to abjure the doctrine of the earth's motion. Our noble philo sopher, the deep and acute Lord Venation". mull not absolutely confide in the truth aml•certaiiity of the Copernican System ; but seams to think that its facilitating artronothical cslcuistiem was its prin. cspal recommendation. as if this had w t hems ales • very stroll prtsonspiiiin at least, if sat is prool, of its veracity. It was from Silo considera tion that the Church of Rome at !myth thosight tit so far to relax in her decisions, as topexusii t o e maintaining the earth's tootiou iu ishytical sod re losophieal disqueiitions. But Sir Ismer Neat who built upon this basis his experimeatal philo eophy; has dispersed all doubts on this subject & mid *hewn how the ninon sublime discoveries may be etude by the reciprocal aids of sagacity and Newt. Tattoo. On these grounds, therefore, all inquiries of this nature ought to panned, withoot plan an • implicit subinieeion to the mere specoLtive ammo' even of the greatest men, but pursuing steadily Use path of truth, under the direction of the light of experience. It may he urged, in excuse of the ancient; and even of our ancestors in former times. tint, as they were unanieted by fact., they could only employ guess and conjecture, and that cons qiiently these conclusions were from thence LIM,. DIM But s o waive the visible impropriety of d ciding in points where observation was so obviously necessity without its direction, let us see whether this of alleviation may not be controverted its both cases. War the conclusive oft Mat paw) 30. Q. Are there any persons in Archangel who have formerly resided in Spitsbergen who would engage in the business ; and are there any who would be willing, in company with two Englishmen, to attempt on this plan a passage to the North Pole ? —A. As there are not, liar ever were, any natives of Spitsbergen, none thertfure can he resident in Archangel ; however, many men may he met with here, who have wintered there; but as they have never made an attempt to go to the Pole, they can not undertake the conduct of the business. Not withstanding, if an Englishman should determine on the endeavour, some people might be met with who would, perhaps, with an English ship's com pany, engage themselves. 91. Q. In the spring have flights of birds ever been observed to direct their coarse north of Spitz. bergen ?—A. It has been always experienced by those who have been at the most northerly parts of Spitsbergen, that in the spring a great number of wild geese, ducks, and other birds, take their flight further north. 32. Q. What animals and birds have they during the summer, and what species winter on that island ? —A. In Spitsbergen they have wild rein deer, white and blue foxes, and white bear., which re main continually on the island ; but the geese, ducks, Bce. are only there in summer. 93. Q. Those which quit Spitzber„erie on the approach of winter, in what month do they generally emigrate, and to what point of the compass ? A. All the before-mentioned birds on the approach of winter, that is, in the latter end of September, fly to the southward, and return again in the latter end of April. • N.B.—The 31st and 33d answers do not appa rently agree. LONDON, FRI DAY, stones, and with which they geitetelly provide them orbits in due time against saint*; but soinetimei, from iteceitaity, they are obliged to dig through the snow for it. Some of it they eat without tiny pre ',oration; and a part they scald with water, and d ink the liquid. They also tarry with them for the same purpose, as a preventive, a raspberry. called in Russia moroshko, which they preserve by tuition; with rye flour, which they eat ; and when pressed, drink the juice. They also take fir tops with them, which they bail ; a n d the %%titer they drink as an antidote likewise against the scurvy. to. Q. In what mother are the hats construct ed ?—A. The lints the poriple use they always take with theta in their vessels, and on their arrival there put them together. They are constructed of thin boards. and in the same manner as the portions' houses here. They likewise gettenally take bricks with them for building their I Wert INA when they Gall short, clay found there is made use of in their stead. Their largest but. which is erected in the neighbourhood of their vessels, boats, &c. is from twenty to twenty•tive feet square, and retires us a station and magazine; but these huts the men erect who go in quest of skins are only from seven to eight feet square, and in the autumn are carried along the shores in boats, and put op at distances from each other of ten to fifty Russian verge. They take the necessary provisions with them for the whole winter to serve two or three men, as many generally occupying each hitt. 11. Q. What fuel have they, and in whit man ner are their huts heated ?—A. The fuel common ly used for heating their huts is wood, which they likewise tiring with them in their vessels, and land at the station hut. In autumn the necessary quan tity for heating the aforesaid small huts is conveyed iii boats, or on small hand sledges, to the destined places. They often meet with wood there too, thrown by the sea on the shores. 12. Q. Oa what kinds of provisions do the Rus sians subsist during the winter ?—A. The provisions they subsist 01 during the winter consist in rye flour (of which they make bread), salt beef, salt cod, and salted halibut, butter, oat mad barley meal. curdled milk, peas. honer,', linseed oil : all which they bring to Spitsbergen with them, and divide the same proportionally by weight to each man. Their employers allow thein provisions for one year and a half, besides which the fishermen kill wild lion deer in winter, and birds in summer, which are experienced to be excellent food, sod very healthy. 12. Q. Do they chiefly use spirituous or malt liquors?—A. They chiefly drink a liquoi called =as, made from rye flour and water. Malt and spirituous liquors are entirely excluded and for bidden by their employers, to prevent drunkenness, as the Russians, when they had it. drank so ninon denrtely, that work was.oftura neghectod entirely. 14. Q. When in the open air, how do they defend themselves ?—A. They defend themselves from the rigour of the weather by a covering made of skin, above which they wear another made of dee skin of the rein deer, called kushy ; and wear boots of the some. 15. Q. Do they use masks, and omit the prec. tice of shaving I—A. They use no mask% nor do they shave; hut they wear a large warm cap, called inset*, which covers the whole head and neck, and most part of the face. They also wear gloves of sheep skin. 16. Q. Do the inhsbitants cross the country during the winter?—A. There are oo inhabitants, as said before, but the fishermen. who are there (or a time, do go over from one island to the other of small distances. 17. Q. How do they travel, at what rate, and bow carry the necessary stock of provisions for their subsistence during the journey ?—A. They travel on foot; that is, ou sr.ow skaits, and draw their food after them in small hand sledges; but those who bring dogs with them make use of the same. When travelling, snow is their drink. Horse► or rein deer would be of no use to them jot the conveyance of their provisions, nor have the any. 18. Q. By what means do they procure water ; and is it by inching snow, or do they find springs? —A. They use spring water, when it is to be had, often take it from lakes, and from necessity some times dissolve snow ; but it seldom happens that they are in want of fresh water, because they com monly pitch ou those places where it is to be met with. 19. Q. is not the ice so firmly consolidated as to render all passage across it from one island to the other perfectly safe during winter ? A. The ice at Spiizbrrgen is well consolidated ; and in some places the flakes rim to a great height, one in an other, which makes even the passage on foot very difficult ; other places are quite bunooth, except those gulfs which run in the laud to about twenty ' vast., where the ice is continually floating std drifting; but travelling with horses or rein deer is THOUGHTS ON THE PROBABILITY, EXPEDIENCY, quite impwsible. AND UTILITY, OP DISCOVERING • !USAGE 20. Q. is not the ice rendered smooth by the NY THE NORTH POLE. interstices tieing fillccl up with sno w ?—A. A. b e . The interesting nature of the subject to which fore said, the ice is made smooth by th- snow "in this paper relates would tit any time justify its up the inequalities. publication, but at the ',resent moment it derives '2l. Q. Dues * l l danger arise either in crossing an additional value front the recent accouut of the the land or th e i ce . f rom the drifting of the snow I. discovery ships, and from the fact that Lieutenant A. They do not journey in si n ter a s b e f o re men. Franklin continues to pursue hi, journey with the boned, except to islands at trifling distances; sod distinct view of exploring the Arctic regions by a traveller is in much danger if unwired by a sud- l an d. des, gale of wind, accoinpanied by drifts of snow ; The possibility of talking discoveries iii this way he is obliged to lie down, covering liiinsell with his i Watt is, by steering directly north). though now ----, and remain so secured till the hurricane is treated as. paradoxical by many, was not, as will over; but when it continues fur any length of time, hereafter appear, 1'0111)01y lucked upon in that the pnor wretch often perishes. light, eveu by such as 'ought to be repotted the 22. Q. %Viiat degree of light is there in winter? I mom proper judges. There have hero • variety of —A. The fishermen do not know what the degree causes that at different times have l'etardrd under. of light may be in wanes; indeed they are ignorant takings of the utmost importance to the human of the meaning of the term : however, they say s pecie .. from the fatter end of October t.i the 19th of Joni.. Among dine we 'nay justly consider the conduct airy, the sun dues not appear above the horizon, of mine great philosophers, who, a. our jadicitalt winch causes a coutiuual darkness, and obliges Verulain wisely observes, quitting the luminous them always to keep a light in their hire by bums I bath of experience to investigate she operation ri of tug trsiii oil in lamps; but as soon us the mu 'Attire by their owu speculations, imposed Open • ~~