The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1806-08-14 00:00:00

POLITICAL PICTURE OF EUROPE, DURING THE THREE FINTRsi MONTHS OF THE PREs'E YEAR. If policy ever manifested itself unmindful of ite own, and intent en the general interest. it was un doubtedly at the moment when Russia wok up arms ; not for the purpose of invasion, partition, and con quest ; not to execute gigantic pla:is or schemes of private advantage—with dignified resolution. she demanded justice for all ; the evacuation of Hano ver, the independence of the Republics of Swit- Berland and Holland, the restoration of the King of Sardinia, the security of Naples, the ces lion of the Island of Elba, the balance of power amoag the European States. The Emperor Alex. adder had no desire to obtain as extension of ter ritory. more sulsjeete, or snore treasures ; but the love of his people, the esteem of Europe, the respeek of his enemies. The English Government has not offended the pewees of the Continent by publishing the Treaties **deluded with them ; it aged only in obedience to the British Constitution, as those powers must have known, before they contralted with it. k certainly compromised certain individuals, who, as circum. • *tames obliged them to adopt a different conduet• wnold rather that less had been said concerning thei • real principles But so far from being an affroo , . this disclosure is rather the most complettsand bril liant justification of the Courts of Petersburgh, Stockholm, and Vieona. •' • If Russia was placed by her disinterestedness, as by her situation, at the head of a coalition which the British Cabinet was unable to direft at such a dis tance. Austria bad likewise a principal part to aft, • In consequence of her points of comas with Franc*, and a remnant of that political preponderance, long attributed to her cabinet. As she furnished more sot ,: diem, so she likewise resolved to furnish more ideas, and to substitute her own plans, instead of use rem ' • .4 of ether powers. She 'ought -to have won over Bavaria, to have kept on the defensive, till the arrival of the Raesiins ; to have supported the Ger man army, with corps forming a connetlon with • that of Italy I to have taken greater advantage of "be powerful diversion made in the North ; to have *voided, above all things, being too hasty ; to have ' attempted to gain the confidence of the German C.elfederacy ; to encourage, instead of deterring. Flussia ; to have sacrificed small objets to great; sot to have adhered infhotibly to a system of poli tics of 60 years standing ; lastly, to have conceal , traced her forces. and not have chosen a General equally unfortunate and incapable as confident in the cabinet. as irresolute in the field. History would have ju sly accused the Cabinet of St. Petersburgh of having taken a most perverse view of the subjeft, had it only accounted it pos sible for the Austrian Mo tarchy to be annihilated in a few days. It might be supposed, that Austria could be depended upon, for at least one or two campaigns. And yet, the coalition had not cal eseated merely on this power ; the wisest measures were adopted ; 115,000 Russians Irastened to Mo ravia, and a junction was to have been formed behind the inn, which should secure the possibility of every where commencing offensive operations. At the same time that it was anticipated, that, after this junction, so powerful a foe would not be corn• polled to retreat without difficulty, it had beta justly calculated, that the diversion of the army, eollefted in Hanover, would at least compel it to make a retrograde movement. Swabia, Bavaria, and Franconia, became the theatre of the war ; all the armies of the coalition, excepting the Italian, crowding like rays to one centre,united and swelled to a prodigious farce. And if, by an event that could not be foreseen, France overthrew a system of eleven years, by one shock, and on one day, through the violation of the neutrality of Prussia, still, this coalition, judged from its misfortunes, not Atom its plans. was one of the grandest combina tions that politics could have possibly produced. To keep up the conneftion between the armies, sr . the troops turned towards Switzerland, that vast fortress with which nature has covered the only weak side that France presents to her enemies ; and the zeal with which the Austrians executed this plan, whi:h the coalition had not prrjeeted, was s • one of the causes that led to so many misfortunes. All Europe clamours against General Mack; friends and enemies, all combine to condemn him. He is not, however, deserving of censure on ac count of a plan which the polities of the Cabinet of Y:enna rendered necessary ; but because, in its execution, lie wanted that Spat tan energy, whi:h fr. prepared an honourable grave for Leonidas, at Thermopyle ; where three hundred heroes never once thought of laying down their arms, before three hundred thousand warriors. With such an excel lent army as the Austrian, he might, and ought to have taken, the positions of Guntaburg and Wer tingen, and to have endeavoured to clefen.! :hem; but then he ought to have made thorn the 'Cher mopyles of his country ; to have fortified himseif in Ulm, to hale shut himself up in that city, bad cir- I 4 ~ "Initsoces require./ t sand to. h le- counted every 114 as a vbaory, in; which the enemy would be slowly digging their own graves, while the Russians would be enabled to advance, and* to cover the capital, which was incapable of defence. The plan adopted by Napoleon must have failed. had it been executed with less courage. What ought to have proved the rock of this enterprise, was the very thing that decided the campaign. It was not till g 22 days after. the appearance of the French on the Danube and the Lech, that the Russians, who had, with inconceivable rapidity. traversed the half of Europe, reached the otber ex tremity of Bavaria. Had Mack, instead of expe diting his disgrace, but possessed the courage to hold out twenty days longer, Ulm had been reliev ed, the campaign had taken a different turn, and two great nations, who could not uni:e amid mis fortune, had been joined under the auspices of victory. Men have clamoured about treachery, and even called the courage of certain Powers in question; but people only deceived themselves, without intending to deceive arty one. Veterans, who were tried le fifteen campaigns, might lose their laurels, without, however, lowering their noble charader. A capital fault was committed by the Russian army, but this fault springs from such a noble prin ciple, that it may be considered as a kind of glory. When Austria no !Pager possessed an army to cover her Capital, they should have formed a rampart, they should have defended, wit pout listening to her t at the same time that they paid respeCt to unforta nate warriors, tobrave indiv;doals, and a Sovereign worahy of regard, they should not bare Poll awed, implicitly. such plans as migh , be prescribed ta them, but have judged of the Present . from the past. After the sudden demolition of a mighty army, after the abandonment of Vienna, they ',isist have been justified in treating an awed so Sovereign under their safeguard. To actkiit them selves of an eqoally honourable and necessary charge, with due dignity, they should have listene.l only to the rig d dictates of polity. and not to the voice of the most magnanimous The Russians. deceived in all their expeetations, and, we may even lay, ia all their hopes, doubtless obeyed, too hastily, the impulse of a sensibility, which was so much the more proud anti the nvire lively, as the heart of him who conducted them was generous. His troops had come to Austerlitz to save Vienna ; that they had marched from Peters burgh for the salvation of Europe was forgotten ; a retreat was ordered ; and the Austrian Monarchy was abandoned to its fate.—The Inn?. mr Al. under had joined only as an ally ; in quit:ing the theatrt of the war, upon the signature of the Conran:am by Francis 11. the day after the battle he Oka consistently with the part he had assumeil The Coalition, which was formed to re.cue States that were now too far distant to be defended, could not now be revived, but by an open, decisive Al liance with Prussia. From the moment 'that the deliverance of Austria, which had surrendered at discretion to the French. was hopeless, the Russians could di) nothing better than to take advantage of the Convention which opened them a convenient way through Hungary, instead of direetnig their roue thro . ,;h a country which they had exhaused in their first passage. The French Federative State, with its immea surable extent, will lose that cohesion which always reidered France so powerful. Since France has given up the boundaries which Nature and Art made it so difficult to pass, she has acquired more States to be protefled, without obtaining a single additional soldier, on whom she can confidently rely. To pre. serve Naples, the Kingdom of Italy and Holland, to controul Spain, to carry into effeel the changes in the German Empire, French armies are requisite. Time alone can efface the distiattions of customs, of dispositions, of languages, upon which the antipa , thies of nations are grounded : the unions dictated or decreed by Power or by Fate, are maintained only by compulsion or success. To this it must be added, that such a wide extended military system, must exhaust the finances. N,w, it is true, nothing but the naval force of England can contest the Diftatorship of Europe, which France is striving to acquire ; by ships alone can a blow now be struck. The Federative Zone which she has fairmed. covers all her frontiers, but fifteeen hundred leagues of COast, which her marine cannot protel, remain ex posed ; Coalesced Europe may surround her with its fleets, and menace her in a thoesand points, which her armies cannot possibly defend. France may cut and carve the South of Europe at her will and pLasurc. She may raise Dukedoms into Kingdoms, and reduce Kingdoms to Duchies. She may dethrone lesitimate Princes, and put in their place favourite Generals and artful Courtiers; but that is the extent of her power. The fintS of England circumscribe her doinittion, and limit hes exertions.—They cot her off from Africa, Asia, land America. THURSDAY, At oust 14. A Gentleman. ;strived in town yesterday. from Kent, stated, that " 'lite C/./.1, frith te, Capt. Owes, returned •on Tue,day ev• nit! g from off Boulogne. On her arrival off. Sand -gate, she hoisted out a boot with a naval ~fli-er nn board, charged with dispatches for our Govern ment, from Mr. Goo 14 A RD, Lord LAUDVADA LOS secretary, at PAILS. The tracer was landed a' S and gate; and as the Hythe and F ilkstone coach, which comes to London through Maidstone, was nearly ready to set out, and promised as expedition. a con veyance as posting, - he pi oceetied in it for town. From the conversation which the people of the Clyde had with the Messenger oho hi-au:1111 the dis patches to, Boulogne, it was understood that the people gi France were become less sanguine in their expettations of peace." This is only one nt many reports upon the !Arne suhjea, which we Jo not coo. cider entitled to any credit. Up to a late hour last night, %re could not learn that any Messinger had arrived from France. The funds, mean time. te. main tolerably steady. They suffered very little fluctuation yesterday. The remainder of the Old reAimenr, consisting of three companies, ansi the regim,ntAl baud, embark ed on Tuesday morning, at Ramsgate, and sailed for the Downs The 89th regiment is expeacd there this day or to-morrow, to ems rik, as more trans ports are ezpveied there immed;ately. Mr. Fox, we are happy to scar, continues in a progressive state of amendment. The report y , s terday, to erigniring friends, w rs, " Mr. Fox has had another very good night, and continues mending." He was visited, yesterday mordng, by Viscount HOWICK and Mr. WINDHAM. •-. . Yesterd ty. about twelve o'clock, Their Mats TIIII and the PRINCESiti, attended by Lady h.- roast aa, arrived at the Qucce'• Palace, from Windsor. tinrm after two o'clock, Its v hell a 'titi vate Levee, which was attended The Archbishop n Canterbury. *roe 1... rd Chantel'or. The Fir.t Lied ..f the Trevor,. To. Secteiaries of State for the Nome and Colonial Depart ment.. T. a Judge Advocate and Martial General. Vermin( Wentworth. t atheart. Sr. A Patin and S. Contrail. Gertrri , Ilan:ours. I),lnkwatcr. t main Tow y, R N. The following had the honour of being presents to His 1 114airstv : Su A thur Nut, upon his return from his Cullum at the Court of Vienna, Captai, T .wry, of the Royal Nave, upon his 14eiag ap tt,lCommissioner ..f the r.inspoit Board. A ( A im Knight, Lyon his return from Gibraltar. Colonel DRlNitwATia laid before His MAJESTY the Report of the Commissioners of the Military In. quiry. Atter the Levee. His btsotsry held` a Privy Council, at which, we umlerstand, the Parliament Was prorogued from the 28th init. to the 9th of OCtober. At the close of the Council His Ma)Esr v give, audiences to Sir AIiTHUR PAGET and :qt. pomp, who laid before His Majesty the proceedings of several Courts Martial. Soon after fi ve o'clock, His Mai CSTir set off on his return to Windsor. It was reported last night, that an engagement had taken place between Admiral COCHR ANE and Jeaowe Bow AAAAA s's squadron, in which several of the enemy's ships were taken. Yesterday, a Court or Direaors was held it the East India How, when the undermentioned ships were thus stationed, vis. Anneacsv, and Genera! Stuart, Room, for Madras and Bengal; Travers, Saw peas, and Carniur:hen, —, for Bombay. The following ships were also taken up for two additional voyages, viz.:—the Alfred, of 1189 tons, and the Notlisghato, 1152 tons. The Court adjourned, at six o'clock, till Wed nesday next. A letter in the Hamburgh Papers, dated July 11, says. a '1 he English landed, on the 4th instant, in Calabria, with a small body of troops, and GC() gal ley-slaves; but they were driven hack to their ships by General Veanixa." From this statement, we are justified in concluding, that the late engagement in Calabria was greatly exaggerated by the Dutch Papers. It is announced, in Public Orders, to all the Re. giments in Garrison at Plymouth, that Lieutenant- General ENGLAND, Commander-in-Chief at that part of the Western Distrio,• is appoiptes,l Corn mander.in.Chief of the whole Western District, mire Lieutenant-General Sincoe, promoted to the command of the British Army in India, vire Gen. Lord Laze, who is coming home. The Great Military Hospital, near State Church, Plymouth, veh , .ll cost nearly 80,0001. in its etc Lion and fitting up for a Military Hospital, is to be con verted into a barrack for soldiers. The furniture, Ste. was sold last week, and the rooms are cleared out for the purpose of receiving troops. The Queen's Bays, which were in barracks at Dorchester, and in quarters at Blandlord, on Sa turday, towards the evening, very unexpeCtedly re ceived their route to march to Plymouth, with po sitive orders not to halt 01 they reached Bridpert, and then to proceed on with as little delay as pos sible. jo twenty minutes alter the division at Bland ford received their orders to march, they lett the town. • BRixislitPn'Ess. LONDON, TILE FOX AND I.IONFSS ; OR, n LIME AND GUOD." DLUIC ATLI) TO SINGLE-1100M ROGERS.. PO: T ISY OW) NICK. •••....'... F.,611 1 11 ne,ohir . de re Iloa. A F.'s, with 011 s pride inflated. • A 1. ~,,, rate) : ithint I .IIC tnu, at once, can best but one" Prue," she but one t I But that's • Lion, Ist• it know's." APPLICATION , . r_e application, you may, Sir ! With sery WO* wit infer. • Author of hut one work, l'hentresuf Mseo4e." I the oh editust The nurnh.u , thadovsed t...ilar rS. Lt. who.' I.l.nors rirs'i in quantity, but pow in quaint, d b. iscluats to name. a!la .Is 9 Lop; but these are the ithi4, ,--14 Laith:llll pritr.o ftetu pereru 11110 U .0 *WI 40•Kel• it:. c:zp xvi. 11c atoll It•I ii na, ilia: the Limits+ 6.40 I.' toting urn at the fitst b.rili, etery yea, ither, a u , 'Low; had wily one, Leila:nes maul. The 1.61., hnrsrrl, our 411.10,4, and nat the ( t irt Still it nay I.e rens...heat, t i l atelaiths st,tore 14 the innOloc YUMAN , awe the is .1 p . 14.. —Perhaps it is the Janie wan the stuall.st putt;..,s brains! Her Ma ;tory and the Pa scones paid tbe venerable and worthy Lady Cu AR t ory a rim st vi,ir, at her apartments in St James's Palace, tes day. It is with peculiar I leasure we stare, tiiat her Ladyship is recovered hem ha I-le ind spnsition, but still a dimness JIMA u- in the eye that was lately couched by that famous ocuaa, Tsls. Piverr. The Princesses Auousr• and Eate %BETH visited the Princess CHARIOITY, tat . 55 At half past four o'clock Fir Mastery 04 the Pinson:see set off upon their return to Windan The Nacres Await.* has, fer some time past, been much Ailed with the tooth ache. Yesterday, Her Royal Ffightesc erecompented by Lady Cat* vier. weal to Mr. I).MILRe, her dentin, in Picce dilly, whets, wee understand, she undet went the opto ration of having a tooth drawn. Lord rancor:no experienced an unfavourable change on Tuesday, but was much better pater day. Last night, Sir A trims PAGST left town lot Vyuni t irh,..tn.visjt his brother, .Lord PACLT. pre. vions to his sailing for Sicily, with the expedition. Yesterday, Lord Gees v lava gave a dinner 4 vi a aumerous party. Loref s• ata arrived at his house in Half swoon-street, Piccadilly. yesterday, irons his seat d Sydenham, in Kent. The Lotto Mavote entertains, this day, at tiv Mansion House, His Excullency the Hisuoursble limo Basaltic, with a sumptuous dinner, pre to his departure fur America. All the Misatten town, and a numerous party ftf persons of distira %ion, are expeaed to be presient. On Tuesday evening,. the town and Town Hsl). of Windsor were illuminated in hononrilbe the anniversary of the Birth-day of the Prince 4 WA ass. the bells were rung, and the guns were fit ed. The Earl and Countess of Common° have inc i ted • their Graces the Duke and Duchess of Burrow) Spend some time at the Untie of Kilkenny,' ard creir Graces have moat graciously acelpted tore zw vltation. Mr. T o wsneerso and Miss Davin. of Cavell Garden Theatre; will perform, to.riforrow meriarr, at a grand concert and public breakfast, at Not• • Thursday se'nnight, the Marqnis of HavTrre arrived at Abet deea from London, on hi... , av the North. The Duke of Gannon anivei .atte some place on the Tuesday after ; and; we are h",.! to hear, his Grace hat found considerable hen,st from the use'raf the Bath' • The Hon Major 'IA a soy has left Windsor, on visit to the Marquis of SA eitmuut, Hatfield It Hens, for a few days. when he intends • to Windsor. R. Crtaxcli, Esq. arrived at Ft •131 yesterday, from his seat near Buxton. Earl Sterna will leave town this seat, Stoke Farm. near Windsor. On Manley, ber Royal Highness Duchess of lirtmswick-Wolfenbuttbe (t Manny') completed the 69th year of This Patersiss is now the only remainin branch of His NI suss r v's 111ustiious Fat Mr. HOLCII9IrT, we understand, has in preparation for Drury-lane Theatre, York races begin oa Saturday horses have already arrived. A well-diessed Lady, who attended tinn at Ramsgate, on Tuesday, presented man a religious pamphlet, contaming tadier going to Mlle; which many of immediately began to read. At the Surrey Assizes, held at Gulags , . was found by the Grand Jury against ruin, fisq. preferred by J. J. Scum assault, in throwing a billiard ball at Sir Josses' Bah c•i's health was in state, some months ago, that he .solicied I mined His MAJ CST v's permission to of the Royal Flock of Spanish or ; kept at Kew : from which flick, His lateli direCted a seleCtion to be mar sale, on 'Tuesday, the 19th instant, place, and in the manner of the a Mr. FARNHAM. 23ifig 0:1 the pi t :eil. kindly givenby Sir Josses' Barms (v:1 pity recovered), has set, aed the chi this year to be sold ; and they are much superior in carcase to those quality in which the finest swami arc viten miserably deficient. Del fig tef o'l II tl ( 1 d • ] :Ms retaruit. nntwc's (aster ' Of her site. Lining colLutt FArnily. has a Conic' re. next.—SereL NI the embzt'•. rented to eta ing advit of the ttildf a i; lot, Esq. 1 ' it hint. so precativv tolicited anti m. o irwts.wmi r h c domoea s e t t :: Aristi o aibscirs il toi L aples sheep whir • • re thought tJ