The Sun. — London, England, 1862-01-29 00:00:00

1' or t~ 101 A R T NE RSHI P.—WANTED, a Partner, or Partners, with £?5,000, - in a Mauulheturing concern, established half a century, and of whith the nett profits for the last six years have averaged upwards of £5,000 per annum. For particulars, apply to Messrs. Mason, Sturt, and Mason, solicitors, 7, Gresham -street, London. ARGYLL ROOMS.-GP:E A T SUCCESS!! ..... The Band and Musical : Arrangements under the direc tion of M. BOULCORT, Condrojt or and principal Cornet. In addition to the Laurent Ve:ll3e, Strauss 4. Zuadrille, and novel ties of last week, A NE' POLKA, by M. Boulcourt, the Solos performed by hi .m Manager, M. P. Grene*.. and M. Greebe. Admission ls.— ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION F OR TI I PRESERVATION OF LIFE FROM SHIPWRECK, (Incorporated by Royal Charter). .„„ P ATRONESS — Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen. I'i PSIDENT —Vice-Admiral his Grace the Duke of Northum berland, F.R.S. CUAIRMAN—Thos. Baring, Evq., M.P., F.R.S., V.P. E P UTY-CHAIRMAII —Thomas Chapman, Esq., F.R.S., V.P. APPEAL. ' The Committee of Management have to state that, during the past two years, the Instltutien has incurred expenses Umountlng to £28,650 on various Life-boat Establishments on the Coasts of England, Scotland, and Ireland. During the past two years the Life-boats of the rescuing the Institution have een instrumental in rescuing the Crews of the following, Vessels:— Schooner ..nn Mitchell, of Montrose Schooner Jane Roper, of Ulverstone Brig Pallas, of Shields 3 . • Ship Ann Mitchell, of Gl asgow .. 0 Smack John But of Yarmouth _ .. 5 Schooner Catherine of Newry Barque Niagara, of 'Shields .. • • •• 11 A Barge of Teig nmout h •• •• •• 2 Brig George and James, of London _ 8 Brig Zephyr, of Whitby •• •• •• Coble flonour, of Cnllercoats • .. -3 Schoor;er Eliza, of North Shields .. . • • • 7 _Barn:de Oberon, of Liverpool • • • •. 15 • li,„Ttgantine Nancy, of Teignmouth . • • • 9 -'shluek Wonder, of Teignmouth .. 2 13rig Scotia, of Sundelland 6 - Sloop Three Brothers, of Goole _ .. 5 . Sloop Charlotte, of Woodbridge .. • •• 5 Brig Ann, of Blyth • • •• " • 8 Sloop Hope, of Dublin •• • • •• 3 Schooner Druid, of Aberystwyth .. • • •• 5 Barque Vermont, of Halifax, U.S. .. 16 Schooner William Keith, of Camarvon .. 2 -Brig Flying Fish, of Whitby 5 Smack Elizabeth Ann, of Lyme Regis .. •• 3 Steam Dredge at Newhaven _... • • • • 9 ceAlFlairal Hood, of Rochester G Schooner S,asan and Isabella, of Dundee .. •• . 3 5 . 'Schooner Rose, of Lynn •• • • Brig Pr:Aroma, of Stockton .. .. • • • •11 Brig Fa:Ea, ef Middlesborough . • • • • • 7 tirie,'"/Antine Freia, of Konigsberg 6 Sri amine Diana, of Fredrikshamn • • • • 7 xv.l.g• Gloucester, of South Shields .. .. 7 felg Lovely Nelly, of Seaham-- Brigantine Nugget, of Bideford .. 5 • Schooner Prospect, of Berwick . • . 6 Sloop Thomas and Jane, of St. Ives A Fishing-boat of Whitburn Brig Arethusa, of Blyth • 8 • Schooner Dewi Wyn, of Portmadoe , Flat Cyraraes, of Beaumaris .. 2 Schooner nilliam of Morecambe .. 5 • Smack Gipsy, of Newry • Schooner Margaret Anne, of Preston .. •• 4 - Brig New Draper, of Whitehaven. • • 8 .. • • Schooner William, of Liverpool . • • •5 LuggerNimred, of Ca'aletown . • Brig Providence, of 'Shields 8 Brig Mayflower, of Newcastle . • • 8 Schooner Wane Maid, of Fleetwood • • •• 4 Barque Gr.yona, of GlasgoW •• •• •• .. 10 Brig c ,B o ;natt Empress, of Shields • • • • •• 10 bg Spirid , one, of Galaxide 2 •L-,-c•u`Joner Voader du Vouga, of Vienna .. 8 '‘ench Brig La Jeune Marie Therese .. 6 . 13 arque Perseverance, of Scarborough 5 Schooner Elizabeth, of Bridgewater Ship Danube, of Belfast •• •• •• •• 17 Schooner Hortensia, of Hanover .. 4 Schooner Oregon, of Stenehaven .. 4 Brig St. Michel, of Marans . 8 Spanish Barque Primera de Torreviega (saved ves sel and one of the crew) .. • • • • 1 Schooner Harrell, of Penzance (saved vessel and crew) •• •• •• •• •• •• 4 Brig Anne, of Plymouth (saved vessel and crew) 8 Schooner Betsy, of Peterhead (saved vessel and crew) • • .. .. 6 Barque Frederick, of Dublin .. • • e •• 1 Barque Peace, of London •• • • • • Lugger Saucy Lass, of Lowestoft .. 11 Schooner Fly, of Whitby (saved vessel and crew of four hands) .. •• • • • • " 4 Sum* Adventure, of Harwich.. 10 • Pilot cutter Whim, of Lowestoft .. .. • • 7 Barque Undaunted, of Aberdeen . 11 Wrecked boat on Blackwater Bank, on the Irish coast, saved one man .. 1 Schooner Skylark, of Folkestone .. •• • • • • ( 2 Brig Lively, of Clay, Norfolk .. ••• • • • • Barque Robert Watson, of Sunderland .. • • 5 SSchooner Auchincruive, of Grangemouth .. • • 6 c hooner Friends, of Lynn • • 1 Schooner Eli za A nne, of Dublin • • • • ....‘. Brig Content, of Sunderland • • • '• A Smack Ellen Owens, of Cardigan - • • " • Galliob Epimachus, of • Amsterdam .. • • • • • " 1r 498 For these and other Life-boat services the Institution has Voted £1,893 as r , ..wards to the crews of the Lifeboats. It has also granted re wards amounting to £515 10s. for saving 373 Vlipwrecked persons, by shore-boats and other means, mak 3.ng a total of 871 persons saved from a watery grave durin g the last two years. The number of lives saved by the Life-boats of the Society, and other means, since its forma ti on, is upwards of ]2,2':0; for which servi ces 82 GGol d M eals 704 Silver Medals,' 2o; and £15,250 in. cash have been eranted as rewards. The Institu tion hat also expended £57,200 on Life-boat EstabliAtments. 'The public cannot but sympathise with the vigo rous e ff or t s bow being made by . the Society to save the lives of Ship 'Wrecked Crews. Their help was never more needed than at Me present time, when, through the extraordinary exertions The Society has made within the past few years, it has now One Hundred and Twenty-one Life-boats under its man agement, for the maintenance of which, in a state of thorough efficiency, a large permanent annual income is absolutely needed, it its humane mission is to be perpetuated. The Committee gratefully acknowledge the following con tributions F 3. d Vier Ma' It, __jesty the Q ueen .. annual 50 0 0 C iClark, Mrs. ••.. • . annual 210 0 lerk, Colonel, B.A. annual 1 0 Cotto, Sir St. Vincent, Bart.. .. .. don. 25 0 Coutts and Co., Messrs., Bankers .. annual 10 0 0 File y, G W., Esq., Sherborne Castle .. annual 5 0 0 Lord Chief Justice ... . • .. den. 10 10 0 ~...vanshawe, Vice-Admiral Sir A., K.C.B. .. 2d don. 25 0 0 ' 4a rveY. Rev. Mrs. tambton, Messrs. W. H. & Co., Bankers .. don. 21 0 0 ta neaborough, the Earl of .. annual 5 0 0 Martin, Sir Henry, Bart. .. .. 7th don. 10 0 0 Moore, Rev. G. B. don. 15 15 0 Robartes, T . J. Agar, Esq., M.P. _ annual 5 0 0 Smith, Mrs. George, Greenwich annual 3 0 0 Stirling, Col. Sir Anthony, K.C.B. _ annual 20 0 Donations and Annual Su'scriptions will be thankfully re ceived by the Bankers of the Institution, Messrs. Willis, Co., and Co., 78, Lombard-street ; Messrs. Coutts and v 59, Strand; Messrs. Berries, Farquhar, and Co., 18, St. James's-street, London ; by a 1 the Bankers in the United Cinglioni; and by- th e S ecretary, Richard Lewis, Esq,, at the °nice of the institution, 14, John-street, Adelphi, Lon don, W.C. Payments maybe made by Cheques or by Post-office Orders (c rossed), to Messrs. W i lli s , P ercival, and Co., or to the Secre tary, GIVEN AWAY TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS. TIENRY S MITH,S M.D., of the 'University of Jena, has pd, for the benefit of Nervous Sufferers, a FREE EDITION of his valuable work, THE WARNING VOICE TO YOUNG MEN (120 pages). A medical work on the cure of Nervous Debility, Loss of Memory, Dimness of Sight, Lassitude, Indigestion, Dislike to Society, Spermatorrhcea, Local Weakness, Muscular Re laxation, Languor, Listlessness, Depression, Sze., which, if neglected, result in constunption, insanity, and pre ma t ure death; with pl a i n directions lor perfect restoration to health and vigour. The book will be sent, post free, secure from ob cservation, to any address, on receipt of a dir ec t e d enve l ope and two stamps. Address, HENRY SMITE, b, Burton crescent, Tavistook-square, London, W.C. DR. LA'MERT ON SELF-PRESERVATION. ice is. ; post-free, 13, or sealed ends, 20 stamps, with En gravings and Cases. May be had of Mann and Co., 30, Cornhill, London, or direct from the Author. SELF-PRESERVATION.-A. popular Essay on Nervous and Physical Debilliv, resulting from Injurious habits contracted in youth, or excesses in maturity, which, by Prematurely exhausting • the functions of Manhood, de stroy the happiness of 1 2arried Life or prevent the fulfil ment of engagements which constitute the most cherished objects of existence, By Dr. LA.'MERT, 37, Bedibrd-square, London. Licentis:ce of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh ; Meiaiber of the Royal College of Surgeons of England, &c. The above work contains most usefhl and interesting information on the physiological changes which occur in the Reproductive System during the rkriods of youth, puberty, and m an h oo d ; an d on t h e due attainment of that degree of functional vigour upon which the hopes of posterity `depend. It also points out how all the attributes of Man hood can be _preserved to an advanced period of life, how they are lest, and how they can be recovered. It is free from the grols exaggerations, alarming descriptions, and dangerous It-candies so generally resorted to by persons, who, prac tisid;'' with false medical qualifications, inflict most serious injuries, and render judicious treatment frequently abortive. 'The Author is the only legally qualified practitioner whose name stands on the Medical Register (the only true test of medical qualification), who has been exclu sively engaged for a series of years in the treatment of the variouj functional disorders of the nervous and reproductive system, which, owing to the great discoveries of modern Science, are rendered subservient to a rational, simple, and easy mode of treatment. At home for consultation daily from 10 till 2. and from 6 till 8 either personally or by letter.-37, Bedford-square. DR. 'JORDAN'S APHRODISION. THE PHOSPHORISED NERVINE TONIC.—The New Chemical Combination of Phosphatic Salts, Quinine, iron, &c., containing all the Essential Constituents of the Blood, Brain, and Nerve substance.—Great philosophical and chemical research has led to the discovery of this invaluable remedy in its present perfect state, agreeable to the palate, and innocent in its action—still presery;ng its wonderful properties, affording immediate relief, at once reinvigorating and restoring with magical rapidity the most debilitated con stitutions, insuring health, increased strength, energy, and a redoubled development of the muscular system, and perma nently curing all who suffer from SPERMATROPHY, Diseases of the KIDNEYS, BLADDER, and all URINARY DEPOSITS, which cause incapacity and degeneracy, total and partial prostration, and every.other exhaustive derange inent of the system. It regenerates all the important de ments of the human frame (when emasculated by youthful indiscretions), and enables man to fulfil his most sacred obli gations. "It is available for the most varied uses in the body." "The - peculiar characters of this substance, fitting it for Vital Wes. _ Extracts from the " Cornhill Magazine" on the su bje c t of Phosphorus, April, 1861. "As phosphorus in a state of nature illumines the dark ness, so the exhausted frame revives when impregnated with its electrical properties." Prices : I.ls. per bottle, or four lls, bottles in one, 335. ; and in cases containing three 335. bottles, £5, which saves zt 125. To be had direet from 29, George-street, Hanover-square ; from Barclay and Son, 75 , Farring don-street ; Ne wbery, 45, St. Paul's-churchyard; Sanger,ls o , and Hannay, 63, Oxford street; Butler, 4, Cheapside ; Hooper, 43, King William. street, London-bridge ; Howden, 78, Gracechurch-street ; Prout, 229, Strand; and of all chemi sts throughout the world. Prepared at the Laboratory of Robert J. Jordan, M.D. Licen Member of the Royal College of Surgeon s, En g land; tiate of the Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh, &C. &c.; author of "NERVOUS EXHAUSTION." its cause and cure, decline of manly power and consequent obstacles to wedded life, with an Essay on true and false Spermatorrhcea, price 2s. 6d., by post 2s. 10d. Also a TREATISE on the DISEASES of the RECTUM, with the Author's new mode of treatment, without the use of the knife, ligature, or cauterisation, price 2s. td., by post 2s. 10d. Likewise SKIN DISEASES and their REMEDIES, con taining the modern treatment (as adapted at the Hospital St. Louis, Paris), and for the cure of those diseases so preva lent in a high state of civilisation, price 28. Cd , by post 2s. 10d. To be had of the Author, who is registered under the New Medical Act (see Medical Register), and who has devoted his exclusive studies to the above diseases, and is the discoverer of the Aphrodision, 29, George-street, Hanover-square, Lon don, W. Hours of consultation tram 11 to 1, And 0 to 8; §11451410i3 till Octavo. Price 16s. The Fourth Volume, completing the • Work, of THE SPANISH CONQUEST in AMERICA, and its RELATION to the - HISTORY of SLAVERY, and to the GOVERNMENT of COLONIES. By ARTHUR DELPS. Vols. I. and 11., 285.. Vol. 111., 16s. London: Parker, Son, and Bourn, West Strand. This Day. Second Edition, Post 6v0., 55., HE DESTINY OF THE CREATURE, and T other Sermons, Preached before the University of Cain bridge by CHARLES J. ELLICOTT. Dean of Exeter, and Professor of Divinity, King's College, London. London : Parker, Son, and Bourn, West Strand. This day h pub ished, in Two Volumes, post Eivo., price £1 ls., A HISTORY OF THE OPERA IN ITALY, FRANCE, ENGLAND, GERMANY, and RUSSIA, from its Origin in Da y down to Our Own Times. With Anecdotes of the most celebrated Composers and Vocalists of Europe. By SUTHERLAND EDWARDV, Esq. A highly entertaining work."—Observer, Jan. 19, 1862. London: Wm. H. Allen and Co.; 7, Leadenhall-street. CHARLES ItEADE'S NEW STORY. Eighth American edition, and Fourth English edition of ," 1 -1 CLOISTER HEARTH." AND THE "We shall look in vain, even in the volumes of Walter Scott, for a passage which can rival in dramatic force the in terview between Gerard and Margaret in the fourth volume." Westminster Review. Trubner and Co., 60, Paternoster-row. THE PRESENT DISTRESS IN TRADE fully explained in J. GItOSSMITH'S " GOVERNMENT UPON FIRST PRINCIPLES." The cause is there predicated of the monetary difficulties ex perienced in 1860. The Crisis is at hand. Anxiety in busi ness has now become the grim torture. Purity of motive. intelligently exercised, must animate all Governments, or all is lost, All denominations of Constitutions are carefully examined in J. Grossmith's "Government upon First Prin ciples." Kent and Co., Paternoster-row. The Fourth Edition, Just Published, Bvo, in cloth, price ss. __by post free, ss. 61 ON TRUE and FALSE SPERMATORRHMA; With the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors in relation to the Treatment and Cure of Sufferers from De bility of the Generative system, or Sexual Ilypochrondriasis. Trams%Wit from the German of Dr. PICKFORD. " Dr, Pickford is known to lilnglish readers by his frequent practical contributbatie to German medical literature. This is the first time., he informs us, that he has addressed himself to the nonmedical reader. We trust that this may not be the last, if he shall detect any other equally flagrant evil which it may be in his power to correct. London Medical Gazette. " The editor has conferred a great boon on the sufferers from this distressing malady by translating this little book, and by laying bare the scandalous practices of unqualified adventurers, who profess to cure a disease of which they know nothing, with no other object than to fill their own purses. -The diflerence between true Spermatorrhcea and the various forms of disease which resemble it are accurately de scribed, and thus a safe guide is offered for the treatment of the malady."—Medical Circular. " We have dilated so long upon the contents of the preli minaryichupter, that we have scarcely left ourselves space for any notice of the subject specially treated of by Dr. Pickford ; but the moderate price at which the 'brochure' is sold, places it within the reach of every one interested in the matter."— Dublin Medical Press. London : 11. Ballitere, 219, Regent-street. pURSUANT to an Order of the _High Court of R -I- Chancery, made in a cause, " OGERS against HARDING," the Creditors of Elizabeth Challis, late of No. Nottingham-street, St. Marylebone, in the County of Middlesex, widow, who died in or about the month of Sep tember, 1860, are, by their solicitors, on or before the twenty seventh day of February, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, to come in and prove their Claims at the cham bers of the Vice-Chancellor, Sir Richard Torin Kindersley, at No. 3, Stone-buildings, Lincoln's-inn, Middlesex, or in default thereof they will be peremptorily excluded from the benefit of the said Order. Saturday, the eighth day of March, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two, at one o'clock in the afternoon, at the said chambers, is appointed for hearing and adjudicating upon the claims. Dated this eighteenth day of January, 1862. CHARLES PUGH, Chief Clerk. 93ICKNELL and BICKNELL, Plaintiff's Solicitors, 79, Connaught-terrace, Edgware-road. PAIN and FRANCE.—“Excellent in quality k 1 and flavour."—Sun. " Pure, sound, and palatable."— Press. "A really good Sherry."—Morning Star. XERES COMIDA. SHERRY, soft, fine body, age and flavour, and gamine, 18s. per dozen pale, 20s. per dozen. Extraordi nary for the money."—Mark-lane Express. Cash only. Carriage.—Orders of two dozen and upwards carriage paid to auy railway station in England.—Vintage Wine Company, Importers of Spanish Wines, West-end Offices, 14, Blooms bury-street, London, W.C. A MOST DESIRABLE BREAKFAST BEVERAGE. PPP S'S COCO A, (Cotainonly called Epps's Homoeopathic Cocoa). The delicious aroma, grateful smoothness, and invigo. rating power of this preparation have procured its genera] adoption as a most desirable breakfast beverage. 11b,, 41b., and llb packets, at 18.6 d. per lb.,by Grocers. mnULY EFFICACIOUS AND MILD.— Dr, SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre- Jared Without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr. -eott, of Bromley, Kent, will be found invaluable to all who suffer from bilious and river complaints, indigestion, wind spasms, giddiness, dizziness of the eyes, &o. For habitual costiveness, as a family aperient medicine, and as a purifier of the blood, they are truly excellent; mild in their opera tion and grateful to the stomach, they create appetite, pro mote digestion, and strengthen the whole nervous system. Sold by W. Lambert, 20, Jermyn-street, Haymarket, London, and by most druggists, in boxes, is. lid., and three times the quantity in one, 2s. 9d. Be sure to ask for Dr. Scott's Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square green package, with " William Lambert," engraved on the stamp. THE VIGOUR OF YOUTH RESTORED IN FOUR WEEKS by Dr. RICORD'S ESSENCE OF LIFE. - • This wonderful agent will restore manhood to the most shattered constitution, whether arising from self-pollution, excesses, nocturnal emissions, the effects of climate, or natu ral causes. The time required to cure the most inveterate case is four weeks ; and, if used according to the printed in structions (which are very simple), failure is impossible. This life-restoring remedy should be taken by all about to marry, as its effects are permanent. It is acknowledged by the medical press to be the greatest discovery ever made. Success in every case is as certain as that water quenches thirst. Dr. Ricord's Essence of Life is sold in cases, with full in structions for use, at 11s., or four quantities in one for 335., and will be sent to any part of the 'world, carefully packed, on receipt of remittance or post-office order payable to Prout and Co., Patent MedieineWarehouse, 229, Strand, London. (Entered at Stationers' Hall) D R. CULVERWELL'S LAST NEW WORK, OURSELVES. Price ls., by post ls. Id. ; of Mann, 29, Cornhill. an Spermatorrhcea, Syphilis, Stricture, Hemorrhoids, Gleets, Marriage : Impediments removed, and Healthy Offspring secured. Dr. C. may be consulted daily till 12, at The Post-office Turkish Baths, 19, St. Martin's-le-Grand; and from 1 till 9 p.m. at 3, Great Marlborough-street, W. DR. CULVERWELL'S NEW POST-OFFICE TURKISH BATHS, 19, St. Martin's-le-Grand. 2s. till 5, and ls. 6d. from 5 till 9 ; Sundays, Is. till 1. An ESSAY on TURKISH BATHING, gratis. OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. " The Use and the Abuse of the Turkish Bath.—A very useful pamphlet has been published by Dr. Culverwell, the proprietor of the Turkish Baths in the neighbourhood of the Post-office, which presents to the uninitiated a mass of inte resting information, while those who have already encouraged this new system will derive additional advantage if they observe some of the practical regulations which the writer endeavours to enforce."—Herald and Standard, N0v.12, 1861. " The Post-office Turkish Bathe, 19, St. Martin's-le-Grand. —Dr. Culverwell has already established the reputation. of an able physician; he has now proved himself to be a worthy philanthropist, in as far as he has established, in the heart of the City, an institution that more nearly than any disco ver), of modern days, goes nearer the abolition of the practice of physic, than any proposition or invention yet established, the Turkish Bath. . . Our object being merely to direct the attention of our City readers to the fact that they possess one of the best set of baths, at 19, St. Martin's-le-Grand, which the country can produce ,• perfect in all its appliances, and most admirable in effect. Dr. Culverwell has fitted up his baths with a degree of elegance, luxury, and refinement, which, considering the space at his disposal, is truly sur prising, while everything that taste or delicacy could desire has been obtained to add to the comfort and luxury of the visitor. . . We may justly say that if a man ever 'feels himself regenerated and new made, it is on coming out/of,a Turkish Bath."—Era, Oct. 13, 186 t. DR. CURTIS' MEDICAL WORK, MANHOOD : A MEDICAL ESSAY ON SPERMATORRH(E NERVOUS AND GENERATIVE DEBILITY, &a. Just Published, the 150th thousand, with numerous plates, in a sealed envelope, price ls., Sold by all Booksellers, and sent post paid, by the Author, for 12 stamps, ANTIOOD: the CAUSE and CURE of ' PRE MATURE DECLINE IN MAN, with Plain Directions or Perfect Restoration to Health and Vigour. By Dr. J. L. CURTIS, 15, Albermarle-street, Piccadilly, London. CONTENTS: INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological Structure and Functions of the Reproductive Organs. CHAPTER IL—Causes of Spermatorrheea and Impotence; warly Vicious Indulgences; Dangers of Neglect. CHAPTER lII.—A Review of the various Disqualifications ,1 Marriage ; whether resulting from Youthful Abuse, the Follies of Maturity, the Effects of Climate, or Infection. CHAPTERS IV. and V. on the modern Treatment of Gonorrhoea and Syphilis. The Book concludes with numerous varied and interesting aces, to which is added the Author's recipe of a preventive Lotion. REVIEWS ON THE WORK. "Curtis on Manhood.—This is a truly valuable work, and hould be in the hands of young and old."—" Sunday Times," '3d March, 1226. "The author has conferred a great boon by publishing this little work, in which is described the source of those diseases which produce decline in youth or more frequently premature old age."—" Daily Telegraph," March 29,1856. This work, which for twenty years has stood the test of professional criticism and empirical hostility, treats in aplain and sympathising manner on the various disqualifications a nd impediments a rising from nervous excitement and de- WRY ; and to invalids suffering from youthful errors and excesses it will be found valuable and useful."—Record. London : Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick Lane, Pater noster-row: Diann, 29, cornhill. Hon gooultitti9n7 l 9. to 3 and 6to 81 Sundays,lo ou N°. 21,711 _ ..... - . . , . v • . ' • . .', . • 7 . . ~ • .. . _ . . . ... . . . . . . ‘. • , ~ . . `. .' - . 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STAMPED James Hutchinson, acting assist.--surg•, to the Rifle men ; Alexander D. Isl'Arthur, paymaster, confirmed in the Encounter, THE ARM Y. Col. Hamilton, who has hitheriiicOm- mandedibe second battalion of the 12th Regiment, embarked yesterday at Plymouth on board the steam-ship. Annette, Capt. Jones, for passage to Sydney, where be will take command of the . fist battalion'of the same regiment. Yesterday morning; at Woolwich, there were presented by Col. Nilalsh, for good conduct and long service, to Colour-Sergeant Edwards, 22 years' ser vice, a gratuity of £l6 and a good-conduct medal ; to Barrack-Master Sergeant Balwer, 21 years' ser vice, 16 of them as Barrack-Sergeant , £l5 and a good-conduct medal ; and to Acting B arrack -Master . Sergeant Kemp, (stationeA at Deptford), 21 years' service ) £lO gratuity and a medal for good conduct. THE VOYAGE OE TEE, 16th BEGMLEN7: 1N THE I"ERS'I.A. The • Sheffield Independent gives the following description of the voyage of the 16th Regiment to Canada, in the Persia, written by one of the soldiers to his wife, who is residing in Sheffield : MONTREAL, Jan. 1, 1862.—We sailed from Liverpool on Sunday, the 15th ult., and had a very pleasant voyage up to the 22d, but otrthe morning of the 23d, such was the sudden change, it was with difficulty we could face the fierce cold wind. The 24th was ushered in by a terrible gale, and so severe was the cold that as the sea washed us from stem to stern it turned to ice us it fell on the deck, and we huddled together in every available corner, to avoid the sea washing - us and to prevent ourselves being frost bitten,. So passed the 24th ; the gale continued to increase in strenth all night, and on Christmas morning at six o'clock it blew with a violence,that I never witnessed in my time, all ice and snow. Every rope in the ship was thklkly en crusted with ice, and we were afraid to move, that we might not break our limbs, the decks ' ,were so slippy with ice_;_so you may imagine our Christmas Day. The 26th was so -intensely cold that it was with difficulty we could keep our blood in circula tion ; and as - we crashed through the ice _up the St. Lawrence the mien were employed with sticks and hammers breaking .the ice off the ropes, to keep them in working order. When about 200 miles up the river, it was found impossible to proceed further for fear of being frozen_ in, so we steamed to Cape Bic, about 500-miles from Montreal. We landed at head quarters on the, evening of the 26th, and on the 27th we commenced landing by companies, and landed a large quantity of ammunition and light baggage, and, as the rock on which these things were landed is surrounded with water, it took the whole of the left -wing (as hard as you ever saw men worked) to prevent the whole being covered with water and frozen. I saw the men give up and swear they could, do no more ; still, through the exertions of- both commissioned and non-commis sioned officers, we got them above high water mark. I worked all the evening—dragging up boxes of ammunition till I fell under it and could do no more. As they were landed they were taken by Carioles to the village of Bic, till night put a stop to the work, thereby leaving a large quantity on the ground ; and I was preparing to move up to the village when I heard the adjutant shouting was there any non-commissioned officer present? I fhouted to him could Ido anything for him ? He said yes, if :I liked ; he rather surprised me when he told me he wanted a sergeant to volunteer to Leep guard over the ammunition that remained on _he ground. I could not 'well refuse, so I said I Would. lie then asked me to get if possible six men to form my guard, and I got them, poor Kieby being one of them ; so there we stopped on the ice all night, with the thermometer 30 deg, below zero. We kept our blood from freezing by tear ing down the branches of the trees and making a fire, but the wind was so high that it was with great difficulty we could keep it in. The paptain of the ship was so fearful of getting frozen iu that he made an effort to land a por tion of the heavy baggage during the night, and sent off eight boats from the ship ; but the night was so intensely dark, and it blowing a gale at the ime, that the poor fellows lost their way ; but hrough the mercy of God, they, seeing the glare of my fire, pushed for that part of the beach, and when 6ithin hail they shouted to us on shore to give inem a light, that they might not be dashed to ieces against the rocks. I got the men of my guard io pile on the branches of the pine trees to raise a good blaze, while I ran down to the water's edge with a burning log in my hand to direct the poor fellows, who were shouting for help, when none Could be afforded. At last they drifted into shallow Water and jumped from their boats into the water, let the boats go, and left 13 sailors and throe officers for us to look after. I took them to my fire, and, by my guard working hard cutting down the trees and piling them on the fire, and by interweaving the branches we formed a kind of a shelter to pre vent the poor fellows from being frozen to death, and we found from their account that one boat was still missing with nine men on board, and that their fate was uncertain. Next morning, after that fearful night's frost, it was pitiable to see six of the ship's boats—some smashed to pieces and all frozen in for the winter, and the baggage on board, through the spray washing over them, formed one compact mass, and had to be cut out of the boats with axes. The missing boat with her nine men was found six miles down the river, with some of them badly frozen. We still had one company on board, and the river was closing so fast that the captain of the ship would wait no longer, so leaving 23 men behind him, and one company of the regiment on board, he steamed off to Halifax, with Mr. Dent on board. Well, as soon as I was relieved from my uncomfortable post, myself and guard had to march two miles to the village of Bic to the magistrates to receive billets, and were met by the colonel, who complimented me on my non-hestitation in complying with his wish to volun teer to command the guard on the banks of the St. Lawrence. That night he himself brought us to a house that we might have a sleep ; but before we could get a morsel to eat or a sleep, as he wished, an order came for Nos. 8 and 9 Companies to pro ceed on their journey, and as I had a morsel of salt pork on a pan, I had to leave it and jump into a cariole and drive 35 miles that day, and had no bed but the bare boards of a room that night ; up again at seven o'clock next morning, and away again 30 t (,he Marchedfitted three miles over the mountains of Canada to Riviere du iLoup.ng, and had Started to by sleep train o n a t theeight fIo o'clock or of that night. The following day, a . t fouro cock, we arrived at Montreal, nearly deprived of the use of miles to a vacant college that h up as our limbs by the intense cold. a barrack, and such confusion, what between car penters and drunken soldiers, you never saw, ,, P---- --- --=' -------------- - - - S IIOC KING ACCI DE NT. —A shocking accid en t oc c rred at Richmond on Monday to Dr. Bu rne y, of the n Naval and Military College, formerly of Gosport. The unfortuna t e gentleman was in the act of adjusting an out side bell-wire from a window 50 feet high, when ho is sup posed to have overblaanced himself and fallen on to the gravel path un derneath. Medical a id was immediately at hand, but was quite unavailing, and his death took place in a few hours. A GRATEFUL EDITOR,--We find the following in the Observat car de la Corse, under the signature of M. Fabiani, chief editor of that journal :—" A telegraphic dis patch, which arrived from Paris on the 15th, ordered me to be set at liberty. His Majesty has deigned to remit the re mainder of the imprisonment which I had to undergo. My gratitude to the Emperor is the more lively and sincere that I had not made any application for pardon, or taken any steps to obtain it. Being a party in the cause lam not at liberty to make known the dealings with which the population here have welcomed this kind act of the Bove reiga,” .N E W S PAP E R _ spa 4111-,a \)% a„.a -- ;a %, 4; 'll..aa e, -,:-:: ~ •' ' '‘.„. ' m 044 ---elt i-ti'•EWTO ,e'YS. , .e.,..a. IAORDINARY SCENE.. -ea 11 s On Friday a serious conflagration broke out in Plymouth, and resulted in the total destruction of a large rope manufactory. The it esters Daily Mer cury narrates the following singular incident : The first engine on the spot in order of time was that of the County Office, manned by the conn t y men, and superintended by Mr. J. M. Carkeet, the agent of the office. The party went at once to the west end of the building, where they stationed their engine, and, having taken posses sion of the only available well in the neighbourhood, and connected the hose with it, then got promptly to work. Soon afterwards Major Grills arrived from the Citadel, with a company of the Royal Artillery and the Citadel engine, and proceeded 14 take up a position on the north of the build ing end close to it. While Mujor Grills was direct ing his meal in this operation, the Mayor of Ply mouth, Williaan Derry, Esq., who had arrived a short time before, And was exerting himself in the general arrangement of affairs, went up to him, and the following conversation occurred. We give it as accurately as it could be heard by the bystanders : The Mayor—Are you in command, Sir ? Major Grills—You stand back. The Mayor—l am the Mayor of Plymouth. Major Grills--I don't care ad — who yo u arc. 4 The Mayor—l am the person in command here. Major Grills—You may go to h—, if you like. (To the soldiers) —Push him back. Inspector Thomas, who was standing by, here stepped up to the major and assured him that Mr. Derry was the mayor; but Major Grills made no reply, simply repeating the order to his in - en—Push them back. The men then, taking their weaponi in both hands and holding them lenehwise, pushed back the mayor, the superintendent of police, Mr. Codd, Inspector Thomas, Mr. Hodge, the town surveyor, and several other persons. The Mayor, addressing Major Grills—l shall report you to your superior , Sir. Major Grills—You may g o to h—, if you like. Shortly afterwards Mater Grills said to the Atiayorea-I will take away pu ..afTillp-;tvull my Men, -The"Mayor replied that he might 4ii"sii'if le - - .. liked ; and theiliajor immediately ordered the Men to take the engine away. The order, was, i of course, ...wfo . obeyed. A bystander, . who witnessed the' whole of the scene,: states - that Major Grills repeatedly said to .. the Mayor, "I'll take orders from no one-411 see you d—d first ;" and that, when he ordered the men to pueh thein away, he seized the Mayor . roughly by the collar and assisted to push him away.: - In the; meantime Captain Drake, of the Royal Engineers, brought up "a party 'of Sappers from Devonport, with an engine,'and took up a position on the west of the building, near the engine of the ccrinty Office. v i ;pri the arrival of Colonel Crofton,: that officer; m comuni tz ated with the mayor , and inquired' , whether he wished the Citadel engine,' in charge , of the Royal A a .Hillery, to return. The mayor re plied that he shouh * : be Oa to see it- return under. Colonel Croftsn'sf r aanu. and, The colonel then , ordered the men to take -up 'Titian, and the en— gine was placed in a line wite: the others on the rope-walk. The artillerymen whs.' were not the dut em o ployed upon the engines un dertook . f , keeping the ground in the immediate viciOty of y the • fire clear, in co-operation with the police. , ' . TILE FALKIRK TRYST ROBILKEY OF £2,25(L At the High Court fusticiary on Tuesday trho,! Lord Justice-Clerk, Lord Cowan, and Lord Ard millan on the bench, JaniesJones and Helen Clifford, Were charged with the crime of theft, aggravated' by previous conviction , in so far as on Monday,'. Oct. 7, 1861 -(being. on e of the days of Falkirk ' Tryst), in Bashiehill-close, near the High-street.ef Falkirk, or in .Horse-Market--Jane there, they.were. concerned in stealing from John 33owstead, farmer,' Beck Bank, Cumberland, a pocket=book, containing, seven bank-Dotes for £2O each,_and VtiO, in smaller! bank-notes, besideS a bank-draft or letter' e•'! credit' for £1,300 payable :to the said John BowsteaCi., err order," drawn by the agent of the Cumberland Unitm.l Bank on the j ßoyal. Bank of Bcotland ; a bank-% draft for £400,, and another bank draft for £250, the property. ofthe said John Bowstead • as also 'n bank-draft for £2OO, payable to the order of Mr.' Richard .Pattinson, drawn by. the agent of the Car lisle and . Cumberland Bank, at Penrith, on the"; National Bank of Scotland,.at Falkirk Tryst, in the lawful possession of the said John Bowstead; The: pr i soners ssverally pleaded not guilty. The prose— eution,was conducted by Mr. Maitland Heriot and Mr. lieu t voOtc• depute; and the prisoners were defended' by Mr. L, ;3cott, and D. B. Hope. - Voluminous evidence having been given, The Lord Justice-Clerk summed up, remarking that the evidence was chiefly' of a circumstantial character, but stated that such evidence, when the chain was complete, or nearly sd, was often most satisfactory. He proceeded to recapiaate and comment upon the evidence, and concluded by stating that it was for the jury to decide whether the combination of circumstances proved in the evi dence was sufficient to convict the two prisoners of the theft. The jury, without leaving the box, returned ri verdict, by a majority, finding both the prisoners guilty as libeled. The Lord Justice-Clerk sentenced each of the pri soners to penal servitude for 10 years. The female prisoner burst into tears when the verdict was pronounced, and seemed much affected while the Lord Justice-Clerk was passing sentence. _ A CcONFEDERAIE VIEW OF THE ohy Dmay oy ,THE FE.DERALS. The following is a copy of Et letter from a gentle man, a resident of New Orleans, who was recently imprisoned in Forts Warren and Lafayette. He was released on condition of his leaving for Great Britain, and took passage in the Etna, the last steamer from New York. He thus writes from Liverpool to a friend in London : " Liverpool, Jan. 24, 1862.. " I begin to feel very uneasy about our friends, Messrs. Mason and Slidell, and secretaries. They left Fort Warren nine days before I did, and unless they were sent by some roundabout route they should have been here a week ago. , There was a terrific gale of wind the very night they storied, which makes me feel the more alarmed for their safety. " And now let me tell you how matters were_ p when I left. As badly for the Lincolnites as . their worst enemy could desire. There had been no forward movement by them since the sailing of the previous steamer, nor had there been any skirmishing, except at Hancock, on the North Potomac, where the Federalists were whipped and obliged to retire. At this place, which is in the vicinitT of Romney and Harper's Ferry, there will probably, within' week, be a big fight or a rapid retreat of the Unionists as the Upper Potomac is now frozen over, and Genera Jackson, in command of the Confederates with a view of crossing into Maryland at that point, was, whet last heard from, concentrating an overwhelming force in front and on both flanks of the enemy. " But it is their finance that is giving the Lincolnifes the most trouble. Let me tell you exaotly how they stand, and you may rely on the correctness of my figures. Their ex.. penses, by their own admission, are 3,239,000 dole. daily.. They have paid their audited bills only to the 10th of October. From the 10th of October to the 11th of January inclusive, a period of 93 days, their expenses were' 301,227,000 dols. I Their receipts during these 93 days" were :-50,000,000 dols. from proceeds of the second. o B d o o n i cl . s for taken Customs, naN the ew SecretaryY or k of Banks Loan, 44,750,000 dols. (being proceeds of 50,000,000' s th a : Treasu ry was authorised to issue 50,000,000 dol. on demand. notes , which doubtless he av a il e d hi mse lf of, making total' Six rece ipts 153,750,000 dol., an d l eav i ng a deficit of 147,477,00 W 89),e 9, r 000 Cent.,oo dol. To meet this the Committee of Ways and Means' have reported a bill authorising an issue of another 100,000,000 of demand notes, but making no provision for their redemption, and adding a clause making this issue and the previous issue of 50,000,000 dol. a legal tender for all debts. Notwithstanding that the English papers of yesterday report, among the news received by the Etna, that a tax bill of 150,000,000 dol. had been reported by the Committee of Ways and Means, such is not a fact —no plan of taxation had been matured when the Etna sailed, and over this measure of taxation, in my opinion, the house will have an out-and-out Kilkenny cat fight. To add to the woes of the Administration, the demand notes being now a legal tender must necessarily drive out of cir culation the entire local currency of the banks, which has always been considered as a very important item in their profits, and has already produced an undisguised alienation between the moneyed interest of the North and the Govern ment. " Such was the state of the case when I left New York. Daily expenses 3,239,000 dol., an unprovided for deficit of 47,477,000 dol., credit entirely gone with the banks, and the moneyed men of the country, without a dollar in the Treasury. Creditors vociferous for payment —their naval expeditions all utter failures—their army nearly surrounded in Washington, and unable to make the least advance movement—distraction in their councils, and discourage. ment evidently pervading t he minds of all reasoning men:, • _, ~. 'S Tho Mayor of Cork, Mr. J. F. Maguire, M.P., in com pli a nce with a m ost unanimously signed requisition has called a public meeting of the citizens for next Satur day to consider the most appropriate manner of manifesting their feeling of respect to Sir J. Arnott, M.P., who occu pied the civic chair for three Consecutive years. THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING„JANUARY 29, 1862. THE TR EMI A FF«ZIi. -.- FURTHER OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE. (From the London Gazette of last Evening.) FOREIGN-OFFICE, J AN. 28. Copies of correspondence with her Majesty's Minister in the United States :-- EARL RUSSELL TO LORD LYONS. Foreign-office, January 23, 1862. My Lord,—l mentioned, in my despt.tch of the 10th instant, that her Majesty's Government differed from Mr. Seward in some of the conclusions at which he had arrived ; and that I should state to you on a future occasion wherein these differences consisted: I now proceed to do so. It is necessary to observe that I propose to discuss the questions involved in this correspondence solely on the principles of international law. Mr. Seward himself, speak ing of the capture of the four gentlemen taken from on board the Trent, says :—" The question before us is whe ther this proceeding was authorised by and conducted ac cording to the law of nations. This is, in fact, the nature of the question which has been, but happily is no longer at issue. It concerned the respective rights of belligerents and of neutrals. We must, therefore, discard entirely from our minds the allegation that the captured persons were rebels, and we must consider them only as enemies of the United States at war with its Government, for that is the ground on which Mr. Seward ultimately places the discussion. It is the only ground upon which foreign Governments can treat it. The first inquiry that arises, therefore, is,'lts Mr. Seward states it, "Were' the persons named, and their supposed despatches contraband of war ?" Upon this question her Majesty's Government differ en tirely from Mr. Seward. The general right and duty of a neutral Power to main tain its communications and friendly relations with both belligerents cannot be disputed. " A neutral nation," says Vattel,* "continues, with the two parties at war, in the several relations nature has placed between nations. It is ready to perform towards both of them all the duties of humanity, reciprocally due from nation to nation." In the performance of these duties, on both sides, the neutral nation has itself a most direct and material interest; especially when it has numerous citizens resident in the territories of both belligerents; and when its citizens, resident both there and at home, have property of great value in the ter ritories of the belligerents, which may be exposed to danger from acts of confiscation and violence if the protection of their own Government should be withheld. This is the case with respect to British subjects during the present civil War in North America. Acting upon these principles, Sir William Scott, in the case of the Caroline,t during the war between Great Britain and France, decided that the carrying of despatches from the French Ambassador resident in the United States to the Government of France by an United States' merchant ship was no violation of the neutrality of the United States in the war between Great Britain and France, and that such despatches could not be treated as contraband of war. "The neutral country," he said, "has a right to preserve its relations with the enemy, and you are not at liberty to conclude that any, communication between them can par take, in any degree, of the nature of hostility against you. The enemy may have its hostile projects to be attempted with the neutral State, but your reliance is on the integrity of that neutral State, that it will not favour nor participate in such designs, but, as far as its own councils and actions are concerned, will oppose them. And if there should be private reasons to suppose that this confidence in the good faith of the neutral State has a doubtful - foundation, that is matter for the caution of the Government, to bo counterac ted by just measures of preventive policy; but it is no ground on which this Court can pronounce that the neutral carrier has violated his duty by bearing despatches, which, as far as he can know, may be presumed to be of an inno cent nature, and in the maintenance of a pacific con nection." And he continues, shortly afterwards : It is to be considered also, with regard to this question, what may be due to the convenience of the neutral State; for its interest may require that the intercourse of correspondence with the enemy's country should not be altogether interdicted. It might be thought to amount almost to a declaration that an Ambassador from the enemy shall not reside in the neutral State if he is declared to be debarred from the only means of communicating with his own. For to what useful purpose can he reside there with out the opportunities of such a communication? It is too much to say that all the business of the two States shall be transacted by the Minister of the neutral State resident in the enemy's country. The practice of nations has allowed to neutral States the privilege of receiving Ministers from the belligerent States; and the use and convenience of an immediate negotiation with them." That these principles must necessarily extend to every kind of diplomatic communication between Government and Government, whether by sending or receiving Ambassadors or Commissioners personally, or by sending or receiving despatches from or to such Ambassadors or Commissioners, or from or to the respective Governments, is too plain to need argument; and it seems no less clear that such communications must be as legitimate and innocent in their first commencement as afterwards, and that the rule cannot be restricted to the case in which diplo matic relations are already formally established by the resi dence of an accredited Minister of the belligerent Power in the neutral country. It is the neutrality of the one party to the communications, and not either the mode of the communication or the time when it first takes place, which furnishes the test of the true application of the principle. The only distinction arising out of the peculiar circum stances of a civil war and of the non-recognition of the in dependence of the de facto government of one of the belli gerents, either by the other belligerent or by the neutral Power, is this—that " for the purpose of avoiding the diffi culties which might arise from a formal and positive solu tion of these questions, diplomatic agents are frequently substituted, who are clothed with the powers and enjoy the immunities of Ministers, though they are not invested with the representative character, nor entitled to diplomatic honours.t. Upon this footing Messrs. Mason and Slidell, who are expressly stated by Mr. Seward to have been sent as pretended Ministers Plenipotentiary from the Southern States to the Courts of St. James and of Faris, must have been sent, and would have been, if at all, received; and the reception of these gentlemen upon this footing could not have been justly regarded, according to the law of nations, as a hostile or unfriendly act towards the United States. Nor, indeed, is it clear that these gentlemen would have been clothed with any powers, or have enjoyed any immunities beyond those accorded to diplomatic agents not officially recognised. It appears to her Majesty's Government to be a necessary and certain deduction from these principles, that the con veyance of public agents of this character from Havana to St. Thomas, on their way to Great Britain and France, and of their credentials or despatches (if any) on board the Trent, was not and could not be a violation of the duties of neutrality on the part of that vessel ; and both for that rea son, and also because the destination of these persons and of their despatches was bona fide neutral, it is in the judg ment of her Majesty's Government clear and certain that they were not contraband. The doctrine of contraband has its whole foundation and origin in the principle which is nowhere more accurately explained than in the following passage of Bynkershoek. After stating in general terms the duty of impartial neutra lity, he adds :—" Et sane id, quod modo dieebam, non tan-. tum ratio docet, sed et turas, inter omnes fere gentes recep tus. Quamvis enim libera sint cum amicorum nostrorum hostibus commercia, usu tamen placuit, ne alterutrum his rebus juvemus, quibus bellum contra amicos nostros in struatur et foveatur. Non beet igitur alterutri advehere ea, quibus in bello gerendo opus habet ; ut aunt torment% arma, et quorum pra3cipuus in bello usus, miltes. Optimo jure interdictum est, ne quid eorum hostibus subministre• mus ; quia his rebus nos ipsi quodammodo videremur amicis nostris bellum facere."¢ The principle of contraband of war is here clearly ex plained ; and it is impossible that men, or despatches, which do not come within that principle, can in this sense be contraband. The penalty of knowingly carrying con traband of war is, as Mr. Seward states, nothing less than the confiscation of the ship; but it is impossible that this penalty can be incurred when the neutral has done no more than employ means usual among nations for maintaining his own proper relations with one of the belligerents. It is of the very essence of the definition of contraband that the articles should have a hostile, and not a neutral, destina tion. " Goods," says Lord Stowell,ll going to a neutral port, cannot come under the description of contraband, all goods going there being equally lawful. The rule respect ing contraband," he adds, "as I have always understood it, is that articles must be taken in delicto, in the actual prosecution of the voyage to an enemy's port." On what just principle can it be contended that a hostile destination is less necessary, or a neutral destination more noxious, for constituting a contraband character in the case of public agents or despatches, than in the case of arms and ammu nition ? _ _ Mr. Seward seeks to support his conclusion on this point by a reference to the well-known dictum of Sir Wm. Scott in the case of the Caroline, that " you may stop the Ambas sador of your enemy on his passage ;"¶ and to another dic tum of the same judge, in the case of the Orozembo, that civil functionaries, if sent for a purpose intimately con nected with the hostile operations,"* . * may fall under the same rule with persons whose employment is directly mili tary. These quotations are, as it seems to her Majesty's Go- * Vattel, book iii, cap. 7, s, 118. The Caroline (Chr. Rob., 461) ; cited and approved by Wheaton ("Elements," part iv, cap. 3, sec. 22.) + Wheaton : "Elements," part ill., chap. 1, sea. 5 Bynkershoek : Quasst. Jur. Publ.," lib. 1, esp. 9. The Imina, 3 Chr. Rob., M. ¶ The Carolinel6 Chr. Rob., 468. 0 PIO ()Numb(); 6 chi., 13,0., 434. vernment, irrelevant. The words of Sir W. Scott are, in both cases, applied by Mr. Seward in a sense different from that in which they wore used. Sir W. Scott does not say that an Ambassador, sent from a belligerent to a neutral State, may be stopped as contraband while on his passage on board a neutral vessel belonging to that or any other neutral State; nor that, if he be not contraband, the other belligerent would ha've any right to stop him on such a voy age. The sole object which Sir Wm. Scott had in View was to explain the extent and limits of the doctrine of the in violability of Ambassadors, in virtu:), of that character; for he says : • "The limits that are assigned to ' tho operations of war against them, by Vattel and other writers upon these sub jects, are, that you may exercise your right of war against them wherever the character of hostility exists. You may stop the Ambassador of your enemy on his passage, but when be has arrived, and has taken upon him the func tions of his office, and has been admitted in his representa tive character, ho becomes a sort of middle-man, entitled to peculiar privileges, as set apart for the protection of the relations of amity and peace, in maintaining which all nations aro in some degree interested." There is certainly nothing in this passage from which an inference can be drawn so totally opposed to the general general,tenor of the whole judgment,' as that - ,an Ambassa dor proceeding to the country to which he is sent, and on board a neutral vessel belonging to that country, can be stopped on the ground that the conveyance of such an Ambassador is a breach •of neutrality, which it must be if he be contraband of war. Bir W. Scott is here expressing not his own opinion merely, but the doctrine which he con siders to have been laid down by writers of authority upon the subject. No writer of authority has ever suggested that an Ambassador proceeding to a neutral State on board one of its merchant ships is contraband of war. The only writer named by Sir William Scott is Vattel,* whose words are these : " On pent encore attaquer et arreter ses gens" (i.e., gens de l'ennemi) " partout of on a la liberte d'exercer des actes d'hostilit4. Non seulement done on pent justement refuser le passage aux Ministres qu'un ennemi envoye men le t s e e t r s r a Ci n t s e permissionm6mets'ils entrepren dans les liens nd'eanuttdrenapSaosusevrersaeinorsete; on dont on est maitre." And he adds as an example the seizure of a French Am. bassador, when passing through the dominions of Hanover during war between England and France, by the King of England, who was also Sovereign of Hanover. The rule, therefore, to be collected from these authorities is, that you may stop an enemy's Ambassador in any place of which you are yourself the master, or in any other place where you have a right to exercise acts of hostility. Your own territory, or ships of your own country, are places of which you are yourself the master. The enemy's territory or the enemy's ships are places in which you have a right to exercise acts of hostility. Neutral vessels, guilty of no violation of the laws of neutrality, are places where you have no right to exercise acts of hostility. It would bo an inversion of the doctrine that Ambassa dors have peculiar pr i v ileges to argu e th a t they are less protected than other men. The right conclusion is that an Ambassador sent to a neutral Power is inviolable on the high seas, as well as in neutral waters, while under the protection of the neutral flag. The other dictum of Sir William Scott, in the case of the Orozembo: is even less pertinent to the present question. That related to the case of a neutral ship which, upon the effect of the evidence given on the trial, was hold by the Court to have been engaged as an enemy's transport, to convey the enemy's military officers, and some of his civil officers whose duties were intimately connected with mili tary operations, from the enemy's country to one of the enemy's colonies, which was about to be the theatre of those opeiations, the whole being done under colour of a simu lated neutral destination. But as long as a neutral Govern ment, within whose territories no military operations are carried on, adheres to its profession of neutrality, the duties of civil officers on a mission to tha t Government and within its territory cannot poss ibly be " co nne cted with" any " military operations" in the sense in which these words were used by Sir William Scott, as, indeed, is rendered quite clear by the passages already cited from his own judg ment in the case of the Caroline. In connection with this part of the subject it is necessary to notice a remarkable passage in Mr. Seward's note, in which he says, " I assume, in the present case, what, as I read British authorities, is regarded by Great Britain her selfas true maritime law, that the circumstance that the Trent was proceeding from a neutral port to another neutral pert does not modify the right of the belligerent capture." If indeed the immediate and ostensible voyage of the Trent had been to a neutral i)orctik'h,el !intimate and - real ilesti6 - nation to some port of the enemy, her Majesty's Govern ment might have been better able to understand the refe rence to Bri , ish atuthorities contained in this passage. It is undoubtedly the law as laid down by British authorities, that if the real destination of the vessel be hostile (that is, to the enemy or the enemy's country), it cannot be covered and rendered innocent by a fictitious destination to a neu tral port. But if the real terminus of the voyage be bona fide in a neutral territory, no English, nor, indeed, as her Majesty's Government believe, any American authority can be found which has ever given countenance to the doc trine that'either men or despatches can be subject during such a voyage, and on board such a neutral vessel, to bel _ _ . ligerent c;ptUre as contraband of war. Her Majesty's Go vernment regard such a doctrine as wholly irreconiileable with the true principles of maritime law ; and certainly with those principles as they have been understood in the Courts of this country. _ It is to be further observed that packets engaged in the postal service, and keeping up the regular and periodical communications between the different countriei of Europe and America, and other parts of the world, tho Ugh -in the absence of treaty stipulations they may not be exemptq from visit and search in time of war, nor from the penalties of any violation of neutrality, if proved to have been know ingly committed, are still, when sailing in the ordinary and innocent course of their legitimate employment, which con sists in the conveyance of mails and passengers, entitled to peculiar favour and protection from all Governments in whose service-they are engaged. To detain, disturb, or interfere with them, without the very gravest cause, would be an act of a most noxious and injurious character, not only to a vast number and variety of individual and pri• vats interests, but to the public interests cd neutral and friendly Governments. It has been necessary to dwell upon these points in somt detail, because they involve principles of the highest im portance, and because if. Mr. Seward's argument were acted upon as sound, the most injurious consequences might follow. For instance, in the present war, according to Mr. Seward's doctrine, any packet ship carrying a Confederate agent from Dover to Calais, or from Calais to Dover, might be captured and carried to New York. In case of a war between Austria and Italy, the -conveyance of an Italian Minister or agent might cause the capture of a neutral packet plying between Malta and Marseilles, or between Malta and Gibraltar, the condemnation of the ship at Trieste, and the confinement of the Minister or agent in an Austrian prison. So in the late war between Great Britain and Francs on the one hand, and Russia on the other, a Russian Minister going from Hamburg to Washington, in an Ame rican ship, might have been brought to Portsmouth, the ship might have been condemned, and the Minister sent to the Tower of London. So also a Confederate vessel of war might capture a Cunard steamer on its way from Halifax to Liverpool, on the ground of its carrying despatches from Mr. Seward to Mr. Adams. In view, therefore, of the erroneous principles asserted by Mr. Seward, and the consequences they involve, her Majesty's Government think it necessary to declare that they would not acquiesce in the capture of any British merchant ship in circumstances similar to those of the Trent, and that the fact of its being brought before a Prize Court, though it would alter the character, would not dimi nish the gravity, of the offence against the law of nations which would thereby be committed. Having disposed of the question whether the persons named and their supposed despatches were contraband of war, I am relieved from the necessity of discussing the other questions raised by Mr. Seward, namely, whether Capt. Wilkes had lawfully a right to stop and search the Trent for these persons and their supposed despatches ; whether that right, assuming that he possessed it, was ex ercised by him in a lawful and proper manner; and whether he bad a right to capture the persons found on board. namely, whether The fifth question pu t b y Mr. Seward, Captain Wilkes exercised the alleged right of capture in the manner allowed and recognised by the law of nations, is re solved by Mr. Seward himself in the negative. I cannot conclude, however, without noticing one very singular passage in Mr. Seward's despatch. Mr. Seward asserts that " if the safety of this Union re quired the ...detention of the captured persons it would be the right and duty of this Government to detain them." He proceeds to say that the waning proportions of the in surrection, and the comparative unimportance of the cap tured persons themselves, forbid him resorting to that de fence. Mr. Seward does not here assert any right founded on international law, hdwever inconvenient or irritating to neu tral nations ; he entirely loses sight of the vast difference which exists between the exercise of an extreme right and the commission of an unquestionable wrong. His" frankness compels me to be equally open, and to inform him that Great Britain could not have submittel to the perpetration of that wrong, however flourishing might have been the ins H urr ap e p c i t l i y on al i l n d t a h n e g captured migh t have been. eSrollthh and however important the per sonsofostile collision on this subject has been avoided. It is the earnest hope of her Majesty's Go vernment that similar dangers, if they should arise, may be * Vatel, lib, iv., chap, 7, sec. 86. averted by peaceful negotiations conducted iu the spirit which befits the organs of two, great nations. I request you to read this despatch to Mr. Seward, and give him a copy of it.—l am, &c., (Signed) LORD LYONS TO EARL RIMSELL. RUSSELL. Washington, Jan. 14, 1862. (Re&lived January 27, 1802.) My, Lord,—Tierce days ago, in obedience to- your lord ship's orders, I spoke to Mr. Seward - on the subject of the plan adopted by this Government of obstructing the en trance to some of the harbours in the Southern States, by sinking vessels, laden with stones, in the channels. Mr. Seward observes that it was altogether a mistake to suppose that this Plan had been devised with a view to injure the harbOurs perthanently. It was, he said, simply a temporary military 'measure adopted to aid the blockade. The Goveininent of the United States had; last 'spring, with a navy very little prepared for so extensive an operation, Undertaken to blockade upwards of 3,000 miles of coast. The Secretary of the Nary had reported that he could stop up the " farge holes" by means of his ships, but that he could not stop up the "small ones." It had been found necessary, therefore, to close some of the numerous small inlets by sinking Vessels in the channels. It would be the duty of the Gov'etnment of the United States to remove all these obstructions as soon as the Union was restored. It was well understood that this was an obli gation incumbent on the Federal Government. At the end of the war with Great Britain that Government had been called upon to remove a vessel which had been sunk in the har bour of Savannah, and had recognised the obligation, and removed the vessel accordingly. Moreover, the United States were now engaged in a civil war with the South. He was not prepared to say that, as an operation In war, it was unjustifiable to destroy permanently the harbours of the enemy, but nothing of the kind had teen done on the present occasion. Vessels had been sunk by the rebels to prevent the access to their ports of the cruisers of the United States. The same measure had been adopted by the United States in order to make the blockade complete. When the war was ended, the removal of all these obstructions would be a mere matter of expense—there would be no great diffi culty in removing them effectually. Besides, as had already been done in the case of Port Royal, the:United States would open better harbours than those which they closed. I asked Mi. Seward whether the principal entrance to Charleston harbour had not been recently Closed altogether, by vessels sunk by order of this Government; ; and I ob served to him that the opening of a . new pert, 30 or 40 miles off, would hardly console the people of . the large town of Charleston for the destruction of their own har bour. Mr. Seward said that the best proof ho could give me that the harbour of Charleston had not been rendered inac cessible was, that in spite of the sunken Vessels,and of the blockading squadrons, a British steamer laden with con traband of war had just succeeded in getting in.—l hive, &c., (Signed) LYONS., TILE NAVY. The Collingwood, 80 guns, late sailing vessel, con structed from plans made by Capt. Symons, has been fitted with a pair of horizontal double-piston rod engines, and has since been twice tried at the measured mile off Maplin Sands. The engines are of 490 nominal horse-power, the diemeter of the cylinder being 631-; stroke, 3ft. ; . and nominal revolutions 50. On the first trial. , the vessel attained an average speed of 10.415 knots per hour, against a force of wind of 3. On her second trial, which took place yesterday, she attained, with full boiler power, an average speed of 10.462 knots ; force of wind, 6 ; pressure of steam, 20 ; actual revolutions, 65 ; vacuum 261 ; indicated horse power, 1,660; temperature in engine-room, 64 ; draught of water forward, L 7 ft. 6in. ; aft, 21ft. sin. ; and, with half-boiler power, 8.294 knots; ,revolu tions, 52 ; the pitch of the screw being 19ft. 3in., and the diameter l7ft. ; the results showing that the second trial is of a much more satisfactory cha racter than the preceding one; - There were present on the part of the Government, Capt. Schomberg, of the steam reserve at Sheerness ; Mr. W. Price, ..._ e inspector of machinery afloat ; and Mr. S. Towns - lid; foreman cireirgineersinlaer Majestrsiockyard at Sheerness. The engines were in charge of Mr. T. Scott, the manager of the firm of Messrs. Rennie and Sons, who has had the superintendence of their construction. The firm was represented by Mr. G. B. Rennie. In consequence of the extensive repairs required to be effected on board the screw steamer Pylades, 21, 1,278 tons, 350 horse power, at Chatham, the fourth dock, in which she lies, is ordered to be housed over, to protect the ship and the workmen employed on her. The whole of her copper sheath ing, as well as a considerable portion of her plank ing, has been removed to enable the officials to in stitute a careful examination of the hull. The result has been to show that many of the timbers are in an exceedingly rotten condition, and that the vessel generally is very unsound. She will be put into a thorough state of repair, which will detain her in dock for several months. The screw steam-sloop Rosario, 11, 150 horse power, having had some farther alterations effected in her engines and machinery, has been taken on another trial trip to the Nore, when her engines were found to work far more satisfactorily, The hired transport Berkshire yesterday went down to Woolwich for the purpose of shipping war stores for Cape Coast Castle. The Persia also ar rived at Woolwich yesterday, and commenced ship ping Armstrong 100 pounder guns and 600 tons of shot for Bermuda. The Ajax and Brunette have hauled off the T pier at Woolwich to make room for three other ships expected to-day, and have moored in the river to fill in 1,000 barrels of powder, in addition to their cargo of war stores, for Halifax. The Tortoise and Sindbad, in the dockyard ser vice, yesterday arrived at Woolwich, laden with naval stores. from Plymouth. In consequence of the peculiar species of charge required for the proof trial of the huge 300 pounder Armstrong gun, recently received at Woolwich from Elswick, and which still lies on the wharf, a considerable delay has been occasioned. The first trial, however, as a smooth bore will take place at Woolwich in a few days, at the proof butt, with a charge of 381 b of powder and a round 10 inch shot, after which (if successful) the gun will be rifled on Sir W. Armstrong's principle and undergo a second proof for service. Capt. Lambert has retired from the command of the hired steam transport Adelaide at Plymouth. Capt. Alan Gardener is spoken of as his successor. The French gunboat Pelican, Capt. Palmer, from Dartmouth, arrived at Plymouth on Monday. From her Majesty's ship Medusa, which left the British Commander-in-Chief on Jan. 5 for New York, we learn that the destination of most of the' ships on the West India station will be changed in consequence of the pacific tone of the news from Washington. The Mersey, 40, is ordered up to Ber muda ; the St. George, 86, carrying his Royal High ness Prince Alfred, is to return home immediately in consequence of the death of the Prince Consort. The Donegal, 100, is to sail for the Gulf of Mexico, to fill the place of the St. George. The Conqueror, 100, will follow in the same direction. The Nile, with the Admiral's flag, was at Bermuda, as well as the Diadem, 32. The Hero, Aboukir, and Eme rald, recently despatched from England, had not yet arrived at Bermuda ; in fact, her Majesty's shi Donegal was the only ship of the Channel flee which had joined Admiral Milne The remainder of the large 2 2 -inch bower cables, from the factory of Messrs. Brown and Lennox, manufactured for the iron screw frigate Defence, Capt. Powell, C. 8., at Chatham, were shipped on board yesterday. The six cables, each of which is about 100 fathoms in length, were all subjected to the most powerful hydraulic pressure at the testing house in the dockyard before they were shipped, the work of testing the cables having been delayed in consequence of the setting in of the late severe frost, during which the cables could not be tried. Each of the chains bore the required strain without giving signs of any flaw. The following appointments were made yester day at the Admiralty :—Captain • itiehard Vesey Hamilton, to the Hydra; Lieut. John W. James, to the Victory, additional for special service; Dr. ' -I .e--rn: PLY,IIO I EMI PUBLICATION S. Third Edition. Post Octavo. Cs. HYPATIA OR, NEW FOES WITH AN UL FACE. By CHARLES KINGSLEY, Rector of Eversley, and Professor of Modern History in the Univer sity of Cambridge. London : Parker, Son, and Bourn, West Strand. ,