The Sun. — London, England, 1807-12-26 00:00:00

TO THE EDITOR :o,' ,7,11 E LETTER X. -4r ! BLliiitE I nra:Ceed to pronottnce, generall7, upon the Merits of the American Treaty, considered Jencleritly of the 11'Ne respeCting the conduCt 'of YIiANCE, which I mentioned in my last )I,etter, 51'1311 trouble you with a few Observations on the Note itself. To the general Kinciple diaited that Paper can have no . objeetion I Coll3ider it, on the Con , tritry; as entitled to unqualified approbation. If the late: 'Ministers had it ins contemplation, in conse quence of'the injturions proceecWigs of France, to dopt stricter regulations with resp , .-:a to the Trade of &eutrals, it was unquestionably and just to express that determination to the Neutral Mini - . • stiffs, previous to the tignature of a Treaty having relation to the exercise of our Belligerent Rights. • My only objet ion is to the manner in which this determination was expressed, and to thequalifi i. cation with which it appears to have been ac.corn7 The measures of Buoxit. palm& were, no dOulat, . unusual, and, in many parts, extras ag tnt The 'reasons assigned for the Measure were still more extravagant, and even absurd ; their fut,lay was very easily, exposed. "- The s - ,Ay SpeCific charge" was that which related to -the " right of 12.1.ockade;'.' tliis was answered by an appeal to fa&s. The world wao.called upon ty witness that the KING • . : had' never :declared any Ports to be in a state .of 6loc s kadi without allotting to that objed a force sufficient lo make the entrance into thetii manjfestly dangerous." Great Britain bad not, for along series of years, attempted to enforce any general prohibition of Coin : coerce with her Enemies; she had never, on the other htand, admitted that . the tights of Way ,vere clictunscribedi within the litnita which .i,... otral Writers had partially minced out. She had, in her . ... . • Treaties with Russia, Denmark, and Sweden, con - sen,ted.to a definion of a blocka4ed Port, ne.c - 1:: 101- responding with that contained in the ilnited Neufratity ; but she had never adopted this dchnitien as a part of the universal and immutable Law 'of Nations, to be claimed by every Power, With whom - we might have no Treaty. Nothing•is more difficult to define than the extent of the Rights o VC.ir ;--ii the present situation of affairs any den , union 1n the least abridging those .Rights, must be allowed to be.mope than usuallt dangerOus and ini pelitie.'oQnthis-gronnd. T r,blea to the Note. Anxi ous to cenvid our enemies of tyranno44 anal unlaw 'ful condud towards Neutrals, we have frequently, )n State lapers and Pamphlets, restricted the rights of Belligerents more than was either consistent with subsittot i ial justice, or with thr policy of Great argue Bri tain. We are apt to aue from the impression of th e ~.„ _... Filament, and to grant to the Neutral Advocates every.thing beyond the ircia point of restridion for :which we tiro Contending. It appears to. Me that • the corrimissione:s have, .in. some ineasufe, lane into this; error ; they have reprebated' rather too • . . ~ . 'strongly Rs " extravagant and repugnant to the . Law . . . . . . of Natieni," prinCiples,. which though not usually, or indeed for 4 century past, 'aded upon by Bri . pin, have been ftirbidden rather by Voluntary' con . ventious than by any law, *knowldged in all sitna „ponsand. by ill countries. '' • , put i havo a stronger objection to the warding of the 'Note, (and 71.'0,7 - ling ;i every thing in treating on such subjeds, and‘with Americans), I ground it uplii the ~apparent limtation of the right which I uglancl, as it is said i 4. , ,0u1ci derive tram' the acqui escence of the Neutrals in the restrictions imposed by Fradee. it seems that we are restrained, in the opinion of our Pignipowni ihries, froin going further, in the exercise of OM- right of retaliation than the exact point at which llooNArsallt may be pleased 'to stop. We. are "to adopt towards Neutrals any hostile 9steUt to which those Neutrals shall have sob-, nil t tedfrom ogr Enemies." We ought,stirely; to have said, " if our Enemy persists in enforcing restrictions' injurious to 114; and if Neutrals acquiesce in his De crees, ,we reserve to ouiselves a ,right of meeting: !leis new hostility— .in which Nemesis are aiding and,assisting against us—with such measures of re striEtien, or Itlterdia*l; as, to us, may seem most eitcaelops," . It could not have been intended servilely to copy the Decrees of ByoNAPAIVI-E, to prehibit what he 'Might prohibit; and allowv exaaly what he might ,allow. if the " acquiescence" givds us any new right, it is because that acqui6 t eence is a hosillc aei towards us ; and we are not to be circumscribed iii Otir mode of resenting o r pLioihitig that hostility. " I aria trot amolig those Who regard the Order of the 7th of January as a weak and unwise measure; , ‘, look Upon it .iti at dignifiecitind'politi6 exercises` of OrbearanCe, nor is it proved to he Otherwise tv , its want ,of success, Ido not blame' the Ministers c t:',' use they adopted only by de grees - the meaagpi I i .. ~, . , • . •• ~ -...,,,a.:,*,,,,,., , LON,DOIV, SATURDAY, pECEMBEIt 20, 1807. Paris Pons to the t Bth inst. reached town last might, but .their contents ,are extremely unintorest it7g. They are perfectly silent respeCting the events which have taken place in Spain; We must not,. hoWever, expe& any very authentic information from that quarter, in the French Papers. ilooNApmt+o, it 'appears, meditates still , further changes , in Germany. Hih,intention is announced, not indeed in majiner, but in a way too intelligible to be misunderstood. A. Continental Paper, dire Elly under his influence, expresses a hope that the . Legislative' Hero, - who has already done,so much for Germany, will not 'leave it in its present state of anarchy. We know not what further changes he may meditate, but we are sure they will tend to, the degradation of the 'Governments, .and the miseries of the People. TttE East.lnklia Fleet sailed yesterday afternoon from Portsiuooll, under'convoy of the Su/Tel/it/NIP, Sir GeoKos Cot.LiER. Sir .T.tmEs CRAIG, - Governor General and Com mander in Chief of British America, arrived at Que bec, in the Horatio Frigate, on Sunday, 06:tober the 18th —On the :wit he was sworn in us Governor General.—The 98th Ifegiinent front Halifax, and the Newfoundland Fencibles were disembarked at Que bec in the beginning of Odtober.—Considerai)le im provements and additions: have of late been made to the. fortifications of Quebec, and that place is DOW in a most formidable stare of defence. The whole of the Royal Family would have come to town from Windsor on Wednesday Jost, but her 11,I AJ Es T y was indisposed with a cold. The Princess of \VAL LIS and her microbic mother will visit their MAJLSTIES at 'Windsor, during the present holidays. Parliament will certainly meet for the dispatch of Business on the eist of January. The doubts which hi the minds of some persons shave arisen upon this subject, must be completely removed by the Circular' Letter of the CHANCELLOR,of the EXCHEQUER ) Cif which the following is a Copy " wNINC-E rESE".", DEC. 19, 1807. "S t ft--As Parliament will meet tin tic dispatch of Busi ness on the 'asst of fanuary next, and as from the Stateof Public Affairs, questions of the greatest importan'ee will cer. tainly come under discussionimmediately upon the meeting, 1 trust you will excuse my expressing to 'yous , the . veiy anxious wish which 1. feel for as full an'attentlance as pes— ai tie opening of the Session. • . ' •i‘ I have the honour to be, Sir,- " Your most - f;iithlt4 and obedient' 4er7ant, " SP, P4RCEVAI.." His Royal Highness; the Duke of CLARENCE 'fir- , riyed at his apartments 41 St: James's Patace, yes ttaat, from Misty-Park. n 941 THE Ni.ENCTI PziP4Rs. 3T.VTGARDT, 4 t --Qur troops that fornted a ,part ,of the ,grand Akmy are not yet to return home. We learn that they ,are on their march to granconia, where they are to take up their winter quarters. it is „supposed .they wilt .be.cantoned the Principality of Bamberg. ' cASSEL, Dec. 3. 7 -Our Sovereign is daily. ex peaed .here ,every possible preparation is making for his reception. The French General VAtclimA MM./3, is to have the eummunatui of the army of the Kingdom .of Westphalia. Our garrison now consists of the first regiment of the Polish division. Fe ANkroaT, Nov'. ,2o.—Great .disputes now pre . veil i,n .Gertnany respecting the future publie.law, or • t he political relations that are to be in force, be tween ,tf;te present Severeigns and the kt;bjeas, particularly the Princes and Counts heretofore I,l,lern bers the Germanic Body. It is ' i tine that the rights of Sovereign's and of Princes, become sub ,• *is, are defined iu general, manner by the .A.r tides 25 and 27 -pf the •AtSt of Confederation : but the heretofore immediate Princes, and the Sove reigns, endeavour each to interpret in their own favour the terms of these Articles,' particelarly in what regard the revenues, Some Sovereigns of the Confederation, in orde r to put an end to these uncertainties, !lave published Declarations, determining the' revenues that are to remain to the Princes heretofore Sovereigni. The Xing of BAVARIA was the first to issue this Decia-; ration, and it is praised as exceedingly just 'and generous. The second Declaration; which was is. sued by the Government of Baden,' is more rigor_. ous. , The last is that of the Grand Duke of HESS DARMSTADT, which was very recently published' It is framed upon the DeclaratiOn of Bavatia . ; but it withholds' certain rights which . the King of. B. VARIA had granted to the Princes become Ambjeas. Other essential Articles in it are too vaguely ex pressed. , ,All Giressanyoia anxious that the Diet of Frank fort should deeide the fate of the Princes become subje&s, that there may be, established,' in that re sped, an unity - of principle in all the Stat:s that compose the Rhenish Confederation. Although the conservation of their revenues be the chief objeet of solicitude with those Princes, theiv is still another question, which gives rise to freeuent disputes, and that is the political rank of these ancient Sovereigns. The - King of WIRTEM . BURGH has declared not to be presentable at Court, every individual of the ancient immediate Nobility who is trot employed in the service of the State, and who hal' not ebtained a title. 'A mti4t more important object, is, the fixing the constitutiemrai poyer of the Sovereigns of time Ger manic Confederation. A Journal, which is sup posed to be under the Orotetlion 'of the Prince. Pd. mate, expresses itself very energetically on this sub jet% and loudly invokes the intervention' of the .., great Monarch who gave a constitutional frame to the Greed D'echy:of Poland.- 7 " This Legislative Hero," says the. Jeurnalist, "will certainly not leave Germany in the state of utter anarchy it which - it is now plungecL" • . Yesterday a Cabinet Council was held at the Fo reign ,Office, which was attended by all the' Cabinet Ministers in London. About flan' o'clock, alif the Council was over, Mr. MATEs was sworn in as King'iMessenger,7.in the mon' of Mr, SPARr;pv,-,. whose,death in Sicily we noticed yesterday. • The will of Mr. NEWLAND has not yet been re gistered, but we arc enahled.to state the principal contents of it, and. to whom the principal legacies. are bequeathed. Mr. NEW AND waa the son of a baker in South-. wark;and he owed the conspicuous situation he held in the Bank to his own perseveronce andassidnous attention to his pursuits. ,He died worth .200,0061. in stOck, besides t oodt per - annum arising from estates.; and he' has diSposed of it in the following manner : • To Mr. Henry Hase, now Chief Cashier, Mr. Rippon, Se. cored Cashier, Mr. Attwood, and Mr. Bross, five hundred pounds each, as Executors. 'troMrs. C-, housekeeper to the deceased, the int e rest of 60001, ; 5 - 0001. in cash ; the house and furniture at High. bury, ami,horses, carriages, &c. .To Mr. H. flase, %pl. per annum arising from the Broad. street annuity (money lenthy M. Newland to the parish, , and-when the annuity shall cease, the principal to be Niel and ?001. consols. Mr. Rippon, second, Cashier, and: Mr. Bross, 100 guineas each. • Mr. Attwood to,oool. To each of the family of the Goldsmid's, eight in number, 5001. to purchase a rihg. , c m e d a g se e d , To the Gentlemen b e i on osr to the Chief Cashiers' Office, about twenty in number from 301. •to tool. each, with about two exceptions. T s ro l m tou i s n e l a o ld so the ea li c k h Z To ar t nl he to Po tir t e e cl rs orr ai re t s h ti e e D S a Ott h a e nd de l sums. ThereOilue of the p r ope r ty i s left amongst the relatives of the . deceased, who are in needy,circuni. stances ; amongst them is'a Chelsea pensioner,.who, cluring the life of Mr..NIIWLANfi, per annum; has been left 001. 0-year.. A.farmer's her mit at tfortisey, who. did not partake of Mr.NEw- LAND'S bounty during his life, 11,is been left 3001. per apnutn. _ Wednesday night, at it 14,-: hour, dispatChes were seat, from the Secretary of State's Office to Ply mouth, to be forwarded by Halcyon Sloop of ‘Var, to General SPENCER. at Gibraltar, who re cently.iniled- with the .F,xpeintion under the coal nAnd of Sir. Owl Les Covrox. of retaliation, but became they 441 not assert, with sufficient force, their right : to pursue those measures further, ,to the extent, even, of a6tual hostility, shoph.l prie;tts ,provc ,inetTettual to their pot-. pGse, Such, at ,:s the .v . ie,pith-o , ityle&, diaated 1)y strOug opinion as to theimportauce of our maritime strength, and of the rights . of maritime wari—rights whiCh Lord GRENViLLE had. SO ClO - maintained' in Parliament, anti Lora Aucx r.4r so steadily enforced at the Cockpit. Having thus, reluctantly, criticised this' famous Note; I shall now attend to these Who insist upon its being considered jointly the Treaty. And whence this anxiety; lloe , sthe Note stand iLi need of the Treat) to support it Unquestionably nut ;it was called for by the stag of the Negotiation, but would at all times have been appropriate. Is tt then that the Trfat# will not stand without the Note ? I suspea it, The Note is so pal pably the ablest and wisest part of the transac tion, -that, considering the Treaty without it„ tob the. Plenipotentiaries of the greater share of 13onour. Looking, therefore, upon the. whole, I willingly admit, that had the Treaty been ratified by Mr. JEFFERSON, .no mischief would have en sued :—but why i 7 --lieCause .the .Note would have opera ed as a repeal. Or if the case of a9nieseence proVtded for in theit iN* bad been prevented by the Treaty, then certainly, I allow, the concessions to America would not have been thrown away. A n d so mtwh for th© Treaty and Note .tp oue Docupient. lam pow, according to the intimation of my last Letter, to conslder the. Treaty by itse/f, "as a TreatY of Conimerce and Navigation, negoti ated without any contemplation of the'Freach.ne- ,creel.'', This then s4all be the subjea of my' next Com. munication,whieh will also be the last on the.subjed that you will receive from MCI US. v k.D but —3 - GottenbFgh, 2 Dublin, 5 Watert ord. 'l' S U N. 601. EZ wJ;$ UICBKK , YALSUL: N AVA L N E WS. `PLYMOUTH, DEC. 24.--Arrived ilic Halifax Sloop of War, of 18 guns, Capt. Lord TOW,NSIfEND, from Halifax, from wAienee she sailed with a Convoy, but parted from them in a heavy gale of wind on the .passage. • The arrival of the Portuguese Man of War in Cawsand ;ay, 2s mentioned yesterd#, proves to be erroneous. PORTSMOUTH, DEC. • 26„-- r 4rrived this day the Locust Gun-brig, Lieutenant Jons GEDGE, from 2 . Cru ize. The Resistance Frigate ? Capt. ADAm, which ar rived' last night, sailed again this morning on a CrUIZe. The East India fleet yesterday dropped dowl to Saibt Hehins. DEAL, DEC. 24.—Arrived the Wrangler brig, and sailed the same day on a crUize ; Pandor a Sloop and Tigress Gun-brig from „the Nore — t ill Tigress has hoisted the signal for a Convoy -to the Westward. Gan- DEC. 25. Arrived last night the Pornpee, of g 0 guns, and Nassau, from Portsmouth, Naso - 4tu sailed this morning for Yarmouth. SuZER NESS, DEC. 22.—Sailed His Majesty's SLOOP Pctntfora, of I S guns ? Capt, Ho OE S,EN.ois, for Yar mouth. Went out of Harbour to the Great Nom His . . . 'Majesty's Sloop Challenger, of AN guns, Capts;n. RIDER,.ancl Tigress Gun-brig, Lietlt. R. LO:M. DEC. 23.—Arrived the Cyane flora the Nortls PEc. day. the :two Seltnep and two Marines belonging to His Majesty's Sloop Chat* lenger received two hundred lashes each for deserr Lion, pursuant to their sentence? from .11}0 peYers Men of War lying at the Great Nore 7 Went out of.Harbour to the Great rote Fps 144? jesty's Sloop Po icon. is Majesty's Sloop . Challenger is paid up to 51 ' . •montbs, and will proceed to the Downs with a p att y 'of Royal Marines for' the different VesSels al t.l' ! 4 place. Sailed the . Tigress, and the Cyane, Capt. ST&INSf for Plymouth ;• the Falcon with convoy to the Nqq4 Sea ; and the Kite; Capt. JONES, on a cruize. • Arrived the Vulture from Grimsby. ' The Tllen, Danish 74, is ordered to ChatbaT. Coax. —List of the Fleet arrived and expec4.. 'from Quebec. The following Ships sa iled frail 0 . isle of Bie, in the River St. LaWrenc.e, ~',!oy, , 4 , '!• . • • under convoy of His Majesty's Ship Halifax, 00' .„ Lord Toww§ttstry : Earetta, eATTW,SI., 4farY!"-77'1,' ' Hazr:rd, WALL,Eu, Industry, NutaY, Faith, FATIIF.RSTON, Auroia, W ALKP',, .euscitri . Company, CAINLEY, Mriana, WIL6OI, .Dat7ctf S'RouD, Earl Per cy . , MEI*, 101dt/id, ,---•T , fq for LondUn ; plythouth; ltfagdalena, —7--, and - DOW, ----.? for. Greenock; Maria, COWELL, and sivai4yc, Molgitsti, for Cork; Dantzic, ROSENDA"' an 4 Illant/e, JACKSON, for Hull ; Union,. MILLP!) I° F Newcastle ; and a Ship, name unknown. To Euretta and Mary, with His 'Majesty's 9hip Halil fu.r, arrived off Penzance the 22d inst.. - The P! r i- Percy, , Dunlop, Vario, Swallow and Triton, . 0 ° alc,o .arrived.-The u n der-mentiOned were left i ii sight when the COMmodore weighed, ..and did no t get instruetioot : the Leighton, Ross, Triton, FEA Ct e Lay 0f:04.414kb DAVIS, -. bound to PlymPu tb and the 771005, PIIICF.LEY, bound to Oporto. - ""fin Ist December the Hazard, WA'LLER, and I" ,britry; Kutnr, were': spoken with in hit. 17. long; . 43. who intended tQ goNorth about,- '- Ma. WINDHAM'S ManAO .fine stout ,looking Serjeant applied for Sur ran nuattrin uprin Mr. WlNnunm's New ..". being observed to him that lie looked as fit for Or vice as ever. - He admitted the j us tness of the ° 0 servation, but added, that he could not d brd , serve dny longer.—Cannot ofibrd it !—What do yo P mean ? ' ",Why„pleaq! your Honour, HAY. 1 4 as a Serjeant is. One Shilling . and Ten-pence a i.ft but lam intitled to a Pension of two and ten-Penc e ;5 day !" Mils was a valifable man, and, this we fear'. not a solitary instance, lost to the service by 1" -UskrAm s ridiculous military regulations. • By an American. Ship called the Adventure, ar' rived at Penzance from Cadiz, letters have been re ceived in town of th; 24th, and - 6 t ,h °t/e- of these says, " that all the late Unplomant di*" agreernerrts in the State bad been adjusted, and for piness wav pgain restored." 'A letter fr om Gibratar' of the 28th ult. has also been received in the citY, which states; that the Ftlee at 'Cadiz was pere6l.lY, ready for sea, and that eleven thousand troops, under the.eolumand Of Gen. Swart°, bad beertembarked. ft is adtled,'that; this Fleet kvas t° be joined by a FretiCh squadron from Toulon ( 31° with troops), ct hich was to sad about the same timi These fleets were to rendezvous at IVlalaga, at V ll/ ) 4: place barratits had been pi-pared fbr the reception of the troops embarked both at. Cadiz - It continues to be silpposed. that Gibraltar is 1 110 principal object of this force.: Captain GoonArd; sidled a few days, silir._°,l.7t: the pt„ er on another . trip to Hayti. ifo is . and Toalo.a. fa -- "ypurite of CIIRISTO.rII-EIS. ,y •