The Sun. — London, England, 1862-09-22 00:00:00

DIE SUN, LONDMI, MONDAY EVENINGI SEPTEABER 22, 1562. L IVES of EMINENT STATESMEN, by 'MO S. 1100 D, Esq., in FUN, every week. - - Now Ready, handsomely bound in Magenta cloth, gilt, price 45 . 6d. ; post free, 55., the Li ECOND half-yearly VOLUME of FUN. with Li numerous Engravings by talented artists, and humor ous Articles by the following distinguished writers : W. Batley, Esq. W. S. Gilbert, Esq. W. Barber, Esq. T. Hood, Esq. E. L. Blanch trd, Esq. T. S. Jerrold, Esq. G. W. Brid.zenan, Esq. W. J. Prowse, Esq. F. C. Burnand, Esq. Godfrey Turner, Esq. H. J. Byron, Esq. am., Ste., Sze. treet, London. Office, 80, Fleet. CRYSTAL PALACE. —TO - MORROW (Tuesday.?---STRANGE'S GREAT SHILLING FETE.—Doors wfh be open from EIGHT in the morning. The Palace will be !rilliantly lighted in the evening, afford ing ample time for de;mrture.—One CRYSTAL PAL ACE.-ARRANGENIENTS TO-MORROW (Tuesda;`). Open at EIGHT. Orchestral Band at Band of the Hon. Artillery CoOlPanY at 1. 0 1.15 The Etoile Family at The Rocky Mountain Wonders at... ••• • • • 1 • 30 Band of the London Irish R.V.C. at . •• • • 2 . 45 Coxwetl's Balloon Ascent at ,... 2.45 Blondin over the Fountains at 4. 0 All the Great Fountains at Leotard in the Centre Transept at Orchestral Band at 5., Great Organ Performance at ..... ...... 6 •30 Admission to all, One Shilling ; Children, Sixpence. '.* For full particulars of amusements see first page. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, covENT-GARDEN, This Evening, SONICAMBUI.A. Commence at 8. THEATRE-ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. This Evening, THE ROITGIL DIAMOND. After which, V 7. THE RELIEF OF LUCI.O ft) conclude with THE ARABS OF THE DESERT. A Troupe of the Beni-Zoug- Zoug. Commence at 7. numbers be out of work, would be found very apt for such an employment. It is too early yet to indulge in the pleasant visions which will arise to the mind from the bare probability of so grand a discovery as a new textile raw material, of no value at presen t exce p t to the I farmers, who cart it away as manure. ladePen' dance of America, the waning of its horrid cotton planting slavery, first into the milder form of agri cultural slavery, and ultimately its abolition ; at the same time, profitable employment for thousands of freemen at home in a perfectly new line--and, above all, the immediate relief of the distressed dis tricts, and dispelling of the dark cloud on which the whole nation looks with such dismay ;—such hopes will arise at once, and make us unwilling to doubt that they are speedily to become realities. We shall, however, soon know the truth. The interests at stake are so vast, the concern so national, and the numbers of competent investigators so many, that but very few weeks will elapse before we shall know whether English sea cotton be a dream or a reality. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. This E „ n i n g, THE WIFE'S PORTRAIT. Alter which, OUR AIIERICAN ,COUSIN. With CELOS Y'CSLIA. And KY lIUSBAND S , GHOST. Commence at 7. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI. 0 , This Evening, THE FLOWERS OF THE FOREST. To be followed by TOUCH OF NATURE. And TUE SHILLING DAY, Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. This Evenin g , THE LOST LETTER. After which, at a c arter to 8, KING HENRY VIII. With THE TWO VOLTS. Commence at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. This Evening, PEEP O'DAY. Followed by KILLAR NEY. Conclude with THE COLLEEN BAWN SETTLED AT LAST. Commence at 7. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. This Evening, MAZEPPA. Brilliant Scenes in the Circle Concluding with a Comicllet. Com ßa mence at 7. • MIR.. and MRS. CHARLES MATHEWS " AT HOME" at Her litajesty's Concert Room, Haymarket, This Commence at 8. Ev w. S. WOODIN'S CABINET OF CURIOSITIES, all, Kin C g William-street, Charing-cross. Polygra phic - 11 Commence at 8. ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street, Hay. larket. Open every evening for Promenade and Dancing. CANTERBURY HALL.—EVERY EVENING.— ,gtec kel, the great Trapeze performer-Grand O th e peratic Selec tion as usual - linsworth, Eugene, and Duley, great comic trio, &C. not at all M r . TAYLOR'S letter from Spezzia, under date ,ae 17th i:.netant, will be read with the profoundest interest, It is more circumstantial than any ac count we have ~ v et received as to the condition of -* GARIBALDI at Valnano. It gives us more parti culars than we have been able to obtain from any previous eyewitness, both as to the General him self and as to his surroundings. In many respects it cannot but be looked upon as highly satisfactory. After the gloomy impression vroduced by the frag mentary tidings flashed across the Channel by the continental telegraph from time to time—giving us news, now that the Hero was worse, now that there was fever at one moment that amputation appeared to be all but inevit able, at another that the healing of the wound must be very slow and at the best but partial, leaving the illustrious ptient probably crippled for life : more even than all ti. , is—after the sinister silence so long maintained as i..4es the pro gress made, if indeed there was any progress making at all by the sufferer—it is positively re freshing to read the full, true, and parti cular account written from Spezzia itself, by a member of the British House of Com mons. Referring to his recent visit to GARIBALDI'S apartment, Mr. TAYLOR it will be remarked, expressly says, " I felt a want to put a despot there who should rule with a firm hand and with unseen and unheard authority. The main elements, however, of interest and affec tion are evidently there, and probably to hardly any other man could the little over-much of bustle be so innocuous. His calm, his wonderful serenity of demeanour seem not to heed, still less to be excited by the surroundings." And, later on, he adds, "I have already given you in two words the impres sion produced at the moment, and returning after wards—(wonderful serenity), calm, courteous, and tranquil; thankful for the least service ren dered by any of his attendants, an utter ab sence of anything like the peevishness of a suffering man." This, indeed, is only what we might very well have been certain of. Yet, convinced of this, it is satisfactory to learn that our convictions as to the serenity of the sufferer have been justified, and more than justified, by his bearing throughout. Of this we had had but a glimmering previously. Borne through the crowd of lookers on at Scylla, and again at Spezzia, upon a litter, every jolt of which must have been almost in - expressible torture to him, from the very nature of the principal wound by which he has been prostrated —GARIBALDI was described as looking about him without uttering a groan, but ev er bearin g a -----.—_____ had Sea Island cotton —no small We have long smile upon his uncomplai nin g li p s. We now • have this explicit assurance of Mr. TAYLOR'S hope is now excited that we shall have Sea Cotton. from his own personal observation of the bear- If the neighbourhood of the sea so much improved ing of the sufferer, that his e q uanimit y has the fibre of the land ple nt, what are we not to been nobly maintained in this way, up to the expect from the fibres of Flants rooted beneath its very last. Perhaps nothing that occurred during surface. The secret is now Csclosed, for the benefit the course of this interview between the Italian of all whom it may concern, that e plant grows at te nd is thrown Hero a nd his En g lish visitor possesses greater in the bottom of our shallow seas, t e rest for us all than the following—thus related ashore by cartloads after a g ale, which aiaounds in a delicate, almost si ,k y fibre. So much is abso- by Mr. TAYLOR : " I expressed in a few words the lutely certain. It only remains to be seen whether profound sympathy we all feel for and with him, the fibre can by chemica l and mechanical processes and which I felt justified in sa y in g was shared by a ll England. He tha nked me warml y , or rather be cheaply brought to the state in which it will be serviceable in our cotton mills. earnestly, and said it was not the first time he had The plant itself is o n e , o f c ourse , we ll known to had to express his thanks to my country." Our all residents on t he coast, and to most visitors. It country, Yes ! Our Government , N o ! It is a theme is so common - lo okin g a weed that, probably, most upon which we hardly care to desc ant, so little persons who patr ol the shores for pleasure would cause have we in this matter f or exultation. Con gled rubbish, in comparison wit h sidering the position occupied by England among pass it by as tan more interesting seaweed& The Zostera Marina the first of the Great Powers of Eueope, it is little, I would scarcely scarcely interest , indeed, an y one but derful, when we come to think of it, how very the botanist, who would notice its belonging if anything at all, has been done by her agency, mi to a Linneean Class of which our island litary, naval, or diplomatic, towards forwarding the furnishes but few specimens ; and its be- the great and still incomplete work of Italian Re ing a true flowering plant, though growing generation. Whenever an objection of this kind at the b o tt om o f salt water. When the announce- is hinted at, we are instantly reminded of course of meat wa s m a de that it could be furnished in any the great and glorious principle of Non-intervention. quantity without displacing any agricultural pro- An admirable principle no doubt in itself, and if duct, we naturally asked whether it was to be grown freely applied to any country working out its own on heaths or sandbanks. We certainly did not political emancipation. But literally and absolutely think of the old Greek poet's "barren sea" or its inapplicable even as a phrase when coupled with bottom, as likely to be the field whernee our spinning efforts of Italy—when spoken of at any moment jennies and looms were to be supplied. The most from first to last in connection with the Italian sceptical may acknowledge that there "is something War of Independence. Non-intervention, forsooth —in Italy ! When of late years, has it been wit in it! , The fibre is there. The paper make r has tested that. He has got rid of the gelatinous parts neesed in application to the Homan peninsula ? by boiling in alkali, and has proved that he can mix Now ?—when the French Army of Occupation it with rags and reduce it to pulp , and give us in the very centre of Italy is a perpetual demonstra paper from it much superior to what lion to the world that there is " Intervention !" atr9w can f urn i s h. He can buy it, we That there is and has been all along intervention believe, at about £4 per ton, so that there, we know,—while we have been babbling if it cost £5O ner ton to bring it to the state in thus all the time complacently about non which it could b e use d f r co tt on , it would cost intervention ! Again, at the v er y commence only sixpence per p oun d f or it s manufacture. Of meat of the War of Independence, three years cour se the probability i s , th a t, if ava ilable at all, ago, when the F rench EMPEROR and his marshals it will cost but a small part of that sum, and took that magnificent army of Emancipation across what may be termed natural processes, costing the frontiers, first of all of France, and afterwards next to nothing, as in the case of flax, would be of Piedmont, to wrest Lombardy, at least, if resorted to, as the re g ular me ans of getting rid no t h in g else than Lombardy, from the grasp of of the mucilaginous matter. Austria—was that Non-Intervention ? And with. To Mr. HENRY ITARBEN belongs one honour out that armed intervention on the part of which even want of success cannot deprive him France (no matter what the selfish arriere °l—that of patriotism_ Competent persons, who pensee of the EMPEROR in acting thus in hav e th e ma t er i a l, w i s t,ed him to reserve to himself order to give himself the excuse of stealing from the a small royalty at least. But he felt, from the be ginning, Crown of Savoy that foremost jewel of its save more desire to be a public benefactor than reig n t y , to make and together with that glittering gem of a fortune of his discovery. Six months, Savoy, its radiant pendant of Nice)—without that 1 at least, must have passed away before he could . armed intervention on the part of France, it is have brought his difficult to discovery into any available form,imagine that Lombardy could at this through a patent; by throwing it open to the i moment have been, as it is, free from the Austrian world, he brings to bear upon the raw i yoke. No, when once it can be literally and actually material at once all th • e chemical and mechanical applied to Italy —now that these preliminary labours skill of the nation, i n Aced of all nations. With have been got through—when once it has, in simple regard to the employ went of the operatives •in matter of fact and in serious sober earnest, been collecting this sea grass, we may admire the applied to Italy, then let us talk as much as we benevolent zeal and confidence of sir. HARP EN, like about the blessedness of non - intervention. Not but practical men will emit a little while first, to see before! Not while the liberation of Lombardy from whether his expectatione can be realized. When we the Germans is proof positive before our view that have seen a few bales of this sea cotton prepa re d, good can come of armed intervention. Not unmiti span, woven, dyed, an d exhibited in the market, gated good, it is true—as Nice and Savoy still only and hardly before tilt n, shall we have the great painfully demonstrate , • but good at any rate o f a 1 rash to the shore. The mere collecting could easily practical kind—good of some sort. Again, let us be e p rformed, iadee'l, by the agricultural popu- no longer boast of the beneficent results of the lation already on the coast, but probably some application of the principle of non-intervention first processes will be , 'et ded, which could be better to Italy—so long as the French troops are there in done by hands accus• teemed to manufacturing pro- the very middle of Italy, as demonstrative of the ceases. Perhaps tha dyers, who must in great fact that there is still intervention there, And t :-as boasted boon for Italy of non-inter- vent At , it l i. a consideration of the actual bodily plight G Reverting of ion. IiALDI-Mr. TAYLOR'S account of the nature and c ondition of the principal wound from which the Hero is still suffering, and likely to suffer yet for some considerable time to come, is about the very beat description we have been enabled to obtain. " The injury," he says, " consists of a gull shot wound, half an ' inch in length over the :internal ankle, which has been broken off and the joint laid open. Some por tion of the garments were driven into the wound, but the ball did not enter. The wound is free from inflammation, and the patient is as regards his general health in a not unsatisfactory condition. The great necessity is perfect quiet. There have been rumours of an intention on the part of the Government to move him. It can be but foolish rumour. There can be no such intention. It would be murder. Months must elapse before the injury can be cured, and there is fear that there may remain a stiff joint. The appearance of the wound is healthy, and the suppuration is also free and satisfactory. His condition is a little under the mark, and I think Mr. PARTRIDGE will gradually try if he cannot stand a more generous diet. There has been no bleeding, which is a mercy; merely the application of leeches." That at least is a consola tion—the knowledge, for certain, that GARIBALDI has not once been tampered with by the lancet of a single Italian physician. It gives us hope, that with rest and judicious treatment, the Great Man—not the less Great because of his recent defeat, arising out of so egregious a Blunder—may yet be raised up once more to health and strength from his pre sent couch of sadness and of suffering. LATEST NEWS. THE CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS. ALEXANDRIA, SEPT. 20. The Vectis and Ripen, with the above mails, left this morning for Marseilles and Southampton respectively. The Ripon may be expected at Southampton about the 3d of October. The Nemesis brought the mails to Suez, arriv ing there on the 18th inst. The Colombo, with the London mail of the 4th inst,, left Suez on the 19th for Calcutta. FRANCE. BOURSE, Sept. 20.—The nscensional movement which began some days ago, continues. Threes, for the Account, opened at 69f. 5c., the closing price of yesterday, and are now at 69fr. 122 c. Railway Shares continue firm. The market closed as fol lows 41 per Cents. . . 96 25 Bank Shares 3200 Do end month.... Credit I , oneier 1230 3 per Cents Do. end month 69 20 Italian Loan 7l 10 New 3 per Cents .. Roman Do. end month.... Austrian Credit lelobilier.... 98 5 Spanish Threes — Do. end month.... 990 Rome Debt EA IL rAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans lO6O .. 1060 Northern New ditto = • .. -- Lyons and Mediterranean 1178 75 .. 1180 GPn.va 370 .. 370 Southern Western Eastern .... ..... .., Sardinian 365 .. 365 Austrian Lombard 607 60 .. 607 50 AUSTRIA. Mr. WALTER, of Bearwood, and Mr. DISRAELI, of Hughenden Manor (sixth time knight of the shire) have a standing quarrel. They cannot agree on having prize labourers, as well as prize pigs, at agricultural shows. We quite agree with Mr. W. , _kLTER ; we observe, indeed, that Mr. DISRAELI iA his last advent at Buckingham, as " sixth time knight of the shire," half apologized for his prize HODGE, by deduCtig the origin of the prize from days when labourers wore in a very different position. But as the hon. gentleman's theory of our national greatness is, that we com bine " tradition and Progress" —he would not give up the HODGE of tradition, while he would tolerate the HODGE of pro gress. Mr. WALTER on this point would rather sing with Dr. CHARLES MACKAY--- VIENNA, SEPT. 19. On the 17th instant the Grand Committee of Finance (it is composed of 48 persons) held a private sitting, during which the following draught of a " Financial Law for the year 1862, which is to be valid for the whole Empire," was made :-- " Art. I. The outlay for the administrative year 1862 is fixed at 388,717,2956. "Art. 11. By means of the existing direct and indirect taxes and other State revenues, the sum of 294,650,3346. is covered. "Art. 111. The sums granted for the different Ministe rial departments can only be expended in those depart ments. "Art. IV. The sums granted can only be spent for the purposes specified. " Art. V. Any moneys that may be saved are to be re turned to the State Exchequer. "Art. VI. The way in which the deficit of 94,066,9616. is to be covered will be determined by means of a separate law. "Art. VII. The Minister of Finance is directed to carry out the present law." The words in italics were not to the taste of the Ministers Von Schmerling and Von Lasser, but the committee would not allow any change to be made in the draught. The schism in Germany is likely to be greater than ever, for the Austrian and South German Re formers are very much inclined to convoke an opposi• tion " Vor parlament' at Frankfort-on-the-Mine. The attention of Austrian politicians is now forcibly directed to Prussia, and the general impression is, that the Cibinet will be obliged to yield to the Diet, which has the entire confidence of the greater part of the nation. " Old opinion-, raga and tatters, Get you gone, get you gone." He may have prizes for skill in anything agricu, tural—ploughing, stacking, thatching—what you please, but not for long service and sparing the parish rates. Such virtues, he thinks, ought to bring their own reward, and a reward, too, from the master to whom they were actually rendered. Mr. WALTER, however, has taught the agricul tural labourer where he may look for a prize more worthy of him. He has had a grand trial of steam ploughs for the benefit of the farmers of Berkshire on his own farm at Briarwood. Mr. FOWLER and Mr. HOWARD, in amicable competition, exhibited their ploughs in full work to the Berkshire sons of the soil, and, we may be sure, gave them full satisfaction. No one ventured to decide between the friendly rivals, but all agreed to praise and toast them. Amongst other topics, the bearing of ma chinery on labour was of course one, and Mr. Fow- L Elt pointed out that, whereas the difference in wages of a first-class and inferior labourer where steam was not used, was but three shillings, where steam thrashing machines and ploughs were used, it was as much as twelve shillings. Here, then, is the deserved prize for the rural labourer. If he be really a superior man, he may double his wages by working in company with steam. It is, indeed, a splendid change within the memory of many of us —the labourers so ignorant and their numbers so great, ;that they burned thrashing machines to protect themselves from their competition, and now the same class, not more than sufficiently numerous to till the land, hardly numerous enough to harvest the crops, and looking up to double wages through the same grand agent which has made our manufacturers and manufacturing wages what they are. Nothing, indeed, can raise the agricultural peasant but to make his task increasingly one demanding skill as well as physical strength. The latter we can always have even cheaper from the animaJ 9 we employ—as the rule, it is the skilled labour, like skill in everything else, which must gain the reward. As railroads permeate the country, as the cultiva tion of land is carried on by the aid of science and ingenious machinery, so will the poor labourer, even the Dorsetehire labourer, rise from the rank of a drudge to that of a self-respecting workman. Steam ploughing is the most important of the mechanical operations yet to become universal on the farm. On a large part of the land of England, the power to plough it rapidly at the right moment, will almost make the difference between a crop and no crop. On clay lands it will soon become second to the grand essential of draining only. Between the two, many of the lands most uncertain at present, but most productive when all things go well, will be capable of cultivation with almost as much certainty as the more manageable soils. Our steam plough engineers are men, however, of world wide views. They aim not only to double, on the average of years, the produce of our own cold clays, but to supersede the ho 3 of the slave, and to drive slavery out of the tropics. Mr. FOWLER mentions South Australia, Egypt, Cuba, South Americi, end Porto Rico, as places whither he has sent his machines to triumph in most instances over the rudest applications of labour. So surely as they succeed there, and who can doubt their success, the " great question of negro slavery, he says, must feel the effect of of steam cultivation." Where the negro worked three inches deep, the steam plough, at far less cost, would work a foot deep ; and "so surely as the sun would rise to-morrow, so surely must slavery suc cumb before the more mighty but silent change which this application of mechanical skill will effect." Mr. FOWLER is quite right in his view that slavery and intelligent labour can never har monise, but we fear the time will be long before the planters of South America will prefer the steam plough to the negro, although the former would i o tiv t ee r l a a n v n e y l , m aw o , r a e thndwan ou profi, upholdsldsetrvethem bneetetdern;o fugitive v love slavery. The Queen willl return to England about the middle of October, and take up her residence at Osborne, where she will remain until the second week of December, after which her Majesty will go to Windsor Castle, and stay there in strict privacy for about ten days, and then return to Osborne, where the Queen intends to spend her Christmas. The prince of Wales will also spend his Christmas in England.—Court Journal. We understand it is her Majesty's intention to of the late ate F P r r ° i g n ui c I. C e o ' n s rt, and to give under ot the t d h i e r e e m t i o o d n e s l which was built up the Royal farms at B a g shot ; also the Flemish an d Nor folk farms in Windsor Great Park.— Court Journal. Mr. Richard Cobden, .P M,, arrived in Aberdeen on Thursday afternoon, accompanied by Mrs. and Mias Cobden, and left on Friday morning for Braemar. The Garden Oracle ; or Economic Year Book, is announced by the Messrs. Groombridge for publication early in October. It is edited, as before, by Mr. Shirley The letters from Frankfort give the particulars of the Four per Cent. Loan of 7,200,000 florins, just contracted by the Duchy of Nassau with the house of Rothschild. They also mention that a public produce market for grain, oil, spirits, &e., has been opened at Frankfort, which it is thought will prove successful, Former attempts havo failed, but as Austria and Hungary are now brought within easy reach by railways the belief is that Frankfort will be a very convenient depot between those countries and Holland, France, and England. The under- taking has been entirely created by the individual exertions of private capitalists, the English fashion of dispensing as much as possible with Government interference in such matters having, it is said, com- menced making some progress even in Germany. SYMPATHY 'WITH GARIBALDI.—A public meet ing was held at Great Harwood on Thursday evening, to consider the propriety of adopting petitions and memorials relative to the application for the release of General Gari baldi. Mr. J. J. Rippon, of Oakenshaw, occupied the .. . chair. A memorial was adopted to " His Most Excellent Majesty Victor Emmanuel," praying him to immediately pardon Garibaldi and all alleged offenders against the Italian Government. A memorial to Earl Russell, praying his lordship to use his influence to put an end to the French occupation of Rome, was also adopted. Mr. Balfe, the most popular of English com posers, is for the moment in Paris. His celebrated opera of d‘ The Bohemian Girl," which has been given all the sea son in Rouen with immense applause, is in preparation at the New Lyrique Theatre. It seems strange that this work, a standing favourite in Germany for years past, should still be unknown in Paris. THE NEW POACHING ACT —The first case that has been dealt with in this county under the provisions of the new Act of Parliament passed for the prevention of poaching, was heard at Bingham petty sessions last week, before Mr. Martin and Mr. Tayler. Two police officers having good cause to suspect that gsme which had been un lawfully obtained was being carried in the cart of one Gib son, of Hawkesworth, carrier, on Saturday, the 6th inst., stopped at Saxondale cross-road, about 7 in the morning, and asked permission to search it, which was refused, the driver applying the whip to the horse, and resolutely proceed ing. The cart was, however, stopped, one of the police holding the horse's head whilst the other commenced un fastening a rope which secured some hampers. Gibson denied having game in his cart, and drew the rope violently out of the hands of the policeman. He then struck the horse with his whip to urge him forward, though the other policeman had hold of the bridle. Search, as a matter of course, was effected, when six hares were discovered, and a notorious poacher named Tom Richards, a passenger, Gibson, on being questioned as to whom the game belonged, pr, tested his ignorance, but eventually said, "To Richards," who found it useless to deny it. The game was seized, and summonses issued for both parties to appear. Richards, upon whom service was made personally, never came into court, though he was seen in Bingham on the morning of hearing. The carrier Gibson was present to answer the charge of resisting the police in the discharge of their duty, which was clearly proved, and he was fined LI, and the costs, 12s. Richards, against whom four con victions were recorded for poaching, and six for other offences, was sentenced to pay the sum of £5, and in default of payment to undergo two months' imprisonment with hard labour. As the new act expresses that offenders " shall pay any sum not exceeding five pounds," and is silent as to the costs of conviction, the magistrates did not think they were justified in imposing the penalty of £5 exclusive of them ; the term of imprisonment would therefore be only two months, according to the first and second William IV. chapter 32, sec. xxxviii., to which the new aot refers. The game was directed by the justices, in writing, to be sold, and the proceeds of sale to be paid to the treasurer of the county.—. Nottingham Journal. A RAM FOR THE AMERICAN CONFEDERATE GO VERNMENT.—It would seem, judging from the contracts now in the hands of the shipbuilders and iron plate manu facturers of this country, that the Confederate Government is exhibiting as much energy and resolution in the creation of an iron-clad fleet as it has manifested in the series of battles which have thrown the army of the Potomac, de feated and broken, behind the shelter of the defences of Washington. Besides the commissions committed to other shipbuilders by the southern Confederacy, and which are being pushed forward with all possible despatch, a large iron-plated ram is now being constructed on the Mersey, without much attempt at concealment. We withhold the name of the builder for prudential reap ons ; but the fact is without question, and the rem, from the high character of her builder, will be amostformidable opponent when equip ped for sea ; and, should the blockade of the Southern coast not terminate before her arrival before Charleston, she will attempt to pass the Federal cruisers with every chance of impunity. In addition to this ram, and other contracts be .d by our shipbuilders—which, by the way, are highly flatter ing to their reputation, and which hitherto have been finan cially discharged in each instance (when completed) with scrupulous punctuality—a vessel now in the Brunswick dock, the f which we do not give for obvious reasons, hair a cargo consisting principally of iron plates en boar, ready to fasten on the sides of southern vessels waiting their arrival out at Charleston. The owners of this vessel are imbued with Southern sentiments ; but, whether or not, we are too neutral in the gigantic conflict raging across the Atlantic to allude too pointedly to this transaction. It seems very clear from the present vigorous conduct of the Southern Confed eracy, that the South, at no distant period, will possess an iron-clad fleet capable of coping as successfully with that of the North as its armies have triumphantly met those of the Federal Government, if but the same dashing spirits that lead the armies of the South can be found to command it. Of one thing, however, we think we can speak with cer tainty, and that is, that in the vessels built on the Mersey the South will have an advantage over the Federals in strength of build, equipment, and invulnerability. The rest their own courage will do, and we may yet hear of the gallant performance of more than one No. 290 before the announcement of peace gladdens the heart of all Europe. At all events, a few such rams as the one now building on the Mersey would make the raising of the Southern blockade an easy task. —Liverpool Daily .Post. STRANGE, IF TRUE.—Yesterday evening a young lad came to the General Hospital, and there gave informs. tion of a somewhat singulgr fact. He stated that when going into an omnibus running to the Botanic Garden, he observed the finger of a person fastened about the handle of the'bus. He took it fr m its place, wrapped it in a piece of paper, and gave it to the person in charge of the omnibus. The linger had upon it a ring, set with a stone. —Belfast News- Letter. [The same journal, in its issue of Friday, states that this singular affair has been explained. It says A gentleman from Newtownards was a passenger on the 'bus, and, in getting out, he caught hold of a part of the door, which took off his finger above the first joint, and upon it was a gold ring. The gentleman was so weak and faint that he left without informing any one of the accident, and ran to the establishment of Dr. Smith, Castle-place, where the wounded finger was dressed. He then proceeded by the first train to his residence at Newtownards, and has not since returned to claim his property, finger included.] NOXIOUS VAPOURS. —Notwithstanding the very manifest evils produced by the vapours evolved in the manufactures we have named, to timber, orchards, terms, and property generally in the immediate vicinity, the law affords an exceedingly imperfect protection tot he individuals whose property may be so injured, and does not provide at all for the compulsory control of the nuisance. With few exceptions, one of these manufactures might be est ,blished in the midst of any district, to the utter ruin of the neigh bouring property, and yet the holders of such property have scarcely a remedy. The legal processes for the recovery of damages are so doubtful, the requirements of the law for the determination of the immediate source of the da mages so calculated to foil the object of a suit and cover the offender, and the result, if favourable, so incommensurate as a rule with the expenses and trouble involved in obtain ing it, that the law is to a great extent a dead letter. The entire object is one, therefore, imperatively ceiling for further legislation, more rarticularly as it is known that the noxious vapours given off in the manufacture of alkali and ammonia might be entirely prevented, without injury to the manufacturer.—Social Science Review REMARKABLE INSTANCE OF RECOVERY OF SIGHT. —ln that tiny looking- glass, the Opthalmoscope, the medi cal profession possess a precious agent in the cure of diseases of the eye. Ten years ago, before this invention enabled the surgeon to see into the whole of the interior of the eye, and thus to become visually acquainted 'with every feature of the disease, the methods of treatment of the subtle and manifold forms of eye disease were necessarily most imperfect. We will give a recent instance of the great b ein fit which the Opthalmoscope is capabl e o f conferring. A few days ago an aged woman brought her grandchild to Hospital to be treated for some the London Op thalmic affection of the eyes. The child was attended to, and the woman about to der art with it, when she said she supposed the gentlemen could not do anything for her eyes. She said that when about two years of age a fork had been run into her left eye, that cataract had followed the injury, and she became blind in that eye. A country surgeon bad operated on her for cataract, but the sight of the eye never returned. Mr. Wordsworth examined the eye by means of the Opthalmoscope, and discovered that a little membrane obscuring the retina had not been removed at the original operation, and that its presence had caused the blindness. The old lady now submitted to have this obstruction re moved, and she regained the precious sight of which she had been deprived for nearly 70 years. The restoration of vision was most opportune, f or, with advancin g y ears, a cataract was forming in the r ; g ht eye, which wo u ld h ave totally deprived her of sight in a month or two. TAPEWORM IN THE E YE.—The son of a shop keeper, residing in Ber lin, having complained that he could not see so well as usual with one of his eyes, was conducted to the establishment of Dr. Graefe, On examining the patient, the doctor s aid it was lucky th e c hild had been prompt ly brought to him, for he decl are d th a t i mme diate) h hind the iris of the affec ed eye there was a tapeworm I This :parasite, he added, would eoidoOtedly have soon ettpietely destroyed the organ of vision, in which it ha, taken up its quarttre. The doctor said it was a wonde , that such cases were not more frequent. They ar?se. obse rv ed, from eating underdone Or uncookedlneat, and mos t generally pork,—Letter from Bolin. Commence at 7. TiE OXFORD, 6, OXFORD-STREET, EVERY E2r rb G.—Grand Operatic Selections, with full band and chorus.—The comic performance of Miss Caroline Fames Bteckel on the Flying Trapeze—The Ethiopian oddities of Rumsey, Newcomb, sac. Commence at 7. NOTICE. Ail remittances are, henceforth, to be made to Mr. JOHN CHAPLIN, at The Sun office, 112, Strand, who has been appointed, by the Lord Chancellor, Receiver and Manager of The Sun newspaper, and the outstanding debts due in respect thereof. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. This DAY. —Morning, 12h. 460:L.—Afternoon, lh. 2m. To-monnow.-Morning, lh. 23m.—Afternoon, __lh. 41m. THE SUN. LONDON, MONDAY, SEPT. 22, 1862. ,- - - • '` l, )1,Ze.1,, , r .. 0 ,0, 1 .4.4 4 . 1....-- -' i;A . g . " *': ', • . "4 11, - ' ' t - , ~., ..4 ~_ _ . _ , ~.- r , • .°. A . * pi" - ',-, • -, .', t ~,, 4- '4 11.1.; . / A ', - • - : ' ...•,-,,, i f:4,P . ..t, . : p. ~,, OZIVOID - „.... „ %ode ,', '„,, p.: c; •• ,e,, „ -‘, 0 ~: "57,01.-. ',RI IT r . r 5 " , 41064,,,, , - . ; dr k " 3, .; ..':',...... '' .. ...5. ,. ... -..... THE OVERLAND MAIL. We have received Bombay papers to Aug. 2' The following is from the summary of the Times of India : Sir C. Wood's long looked for despatch on the sub ject of our Waste Lands, the Redemption of the Land Tax, and the Permanent Settlement was made public yesterday. The steamer Salsette, with the English mail of the 4th Aug., arrived on the 25th inst. She left Suez on the 13th, and Aden on the 20th instuut. New political difficulties appear to be rising in Japan. In the opium swindle at Hongkong, Stanford, who signed certain fictitious receips, has been sen tenced to eight years' imprisonment. Assist.-Surg. 111'Cloy, of the Bombay Medical Establishment, died of cholera at Kussarey, near Mehidpoor. Great progress is reported to have been made with the laying down of the Kurrachee and Per sian telegraph wire. The Government of India has directed that tele graphic messages intended for the Chamber of Com merce shall have precedence of all others in trans mission and press messages over all other messages after them. It is stated that Mr. W. U. Arbuthnot will suc ceed Mr. Laing as Financial Member of the Gover nor-General's Council. A widespread circulation of " chuppaties" in the De.ccan, around Jaulna, Aurungabad, in Khandeish and ti o Nahratta country, is said to have been made. Baboo Rampersaad Roy liehadur, Acting Legal Remembrancer of the Sudder Court of Calcutta, First Government Pleader, and a member of the Bengal Council, died on the Ist inst A terrible exposure of the mismanagement of the Bombay Steam Navigateon Company vas made at the meeting of the shareholders on the 19th inse, The affairs of the company will, in all pro. bability, be wound up at the next meeting. The sentence of death passed by the Sessions Judge of Cawnpore on Pandoorung Rao, ahas Rao Sahib, has been confirmed. The Supreme Court of Madras ceased to exist on the 15th inst., by announcement in the Gazette of the establishment of the H gh Court. Mr. Mungnidass Nothoobhoy, an opulent local banker, has made an offer to Government to fund 20,000 rupees for the purpose of establishing a tra velling fellowship in connection with the University of Bombay, to be held for three years. The Columbus, of 760 tons, bound to Singapore, commanded by an Arab, went to pieces near Rut negherry on the 15th inst. She had a crew of 40 men and 230 passengers, principally Malay pil grims ; upwards of a hundred lives were lost. Sir B. Frere held a durbar of native chiefs and gentlemen on the 20th inst., at Government House, Dapooree. The attendance was large. The Dora, of 85') tons, and Coleroon, of 696 tons, have been taken up for the conveyance of troops to China. Eight hundred men of the 2d Belooch and 29th Regiment have arrived from Kurrachee and will proceed to China. Major A. R. Thornhill has been appointed to officiate temporarily as Resident at Hyderabad. The Aram Dost Mahomed is reported to be at Farrah completing his arrangements for an advance on Heerat : it is surmised that Sultan Ahmed Jan will surrender. A number of men formerly bclenging, to the Bengal Sepoy Army have been taken in the pro tected state of Munipore fighting against the Rajah whom the English Government supported. The police trial of Captain Smales, of the Gth Dragoons, is still going on. Mr. Toole announces his benefit for the 2d of October. Sadler's Wells Theatre opens with a melodram en a by Faucquez for the season, unde r th e j oint managemt o f Miss Lucette and Mr. Morton Price, on Saturday next, the 27th inst. Mr. Creswick, so long the attraction of the Surrey Theatre, is about to retire from the management. He announces his farewell benefit for nest Thursday. SINGULAR DEATH FROM PASSION. --On Saturday afternoon, Dr. Lankester held an inquest at the Edinburgh Castle, Caledonian-road, Islington, on the body of John Day, a painter, aged 69, residing at 4o, Sweeting-street. A man called at the house and demand ed payment of a sum of money. Au altercation took place. The deceased fell into a violent passion, and as they were preparing to fight, th e un fortunate man fell on the groun d insensible, and t afore Dr. Smith, of Caledonian-road, who was sent for, could ar rive ho was dead. A post-mortem examination proved the cause of death to be the rupture of a blood vessel, and a verdict to that effect was recorded. 7HE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. Again the past week shows a most decided fall ing off in the numbers of visitors as compared with those for the same period in 1851. This is the fifth week during which the balance has been against the present Exhibition, though on this occasion the diminution of numbers is greater than the diminu tion of the whole previous four weeks put together —lB5l having a clear surplus of more than 40,000. The returns on the two occasions are as follows :- 1851. 1862. Monday (Is.) . Tuesday (;s) Wednesday (ls ) 53,757 47,866 Thursday (Is.) 5B 600 47,415 Friday (2s. 6d.) Saturday (2s. 6d) Total 273,330 236,421 A great deal cf this falling off is undoubtedly due to the announcement that the time for the closing has been extended beyond the periid generally an ticipated, and of course that portion of the public which has not yet visited South Kensington takes advantage of the days of grace to put off still later their intended inspection. This is taking the most favourable view of the case, as an important mino rity maintain that the building has already seen its best days, and that, with the advance of bad autumn weather, the decrease of the daily receipts is likely to become more painfully apparent as each week of the autumn droops coldly away. Now that the time of closing has been fixed, the next great topic of interest to be decided on is the fate of the building itself. Upon this point, however, curiosity is likely to remain ungratified for some considerable time, as it is not at all probable that any decision will be made public much before the close of the present year. Of course, this will be done by private arrangement, and will, if suc cessful, entirely result from the public-spirited efforts of a few persons, who are anxious that a building so admirably adapted to serve the pur poses of a great public museum should not be causelessly destroyed. The learned assailants of the frog in the coal will, we think, learn with satisfaction that this fertile source of ridicule upon the scientific know ledge of our Exhibition authorities no longer exists, inasmuch as the little reptile himself ceased to exist on Friday last. Whether he died from old age, which if there was an atom of truth in the account of his finding would be most likely, or whether, being a common field frog, accustomed to air and exercise, he died fiom his confinement in a bottle, is not stated. Dead, however, he is, and unless some other enterpri sing coalowner sends up a live pony or a man as having been dug out of his seams the open court of the Eastern Annexe will lose all favour in the eyes of country visitors. CIRCULAR OP THE ITALIAN GOVERN RENT ON TILE ROMAN QUILS2ION. The following is the text of General Durando's circular note to the Italian representatives abroad:— TURIN, SEPTEMBER 10. Sir,—The attitude taken by the King's government since tie attempt of Sarnico afforded ground for belief that Ge neral Garibaldi would thenceforward renounce enterprises incompatible with established order and of a nature to com promise Italy in its relation with foreign governments. This expectation has been frustrated. Led astray by sen timents which respect for law and a juster appreciation of the state of things ought to have restrained, and too ac cessible to the incitements of the sect better known by its victims than its successes, he did not quail before the prospect of civil war, and wished to make him self the arbiter of the alliances and destinies of Italy. By favour of the recollections left in Sicily by the events of 1860, he was enabled to assemble in that island some bodies of volunteers, but the populations, divided between the sympathy which a claiming (revendication) of Rome could not fail to awaken within them, and regret at seeing this claim assume the character of a revolt, did not see him pass through their midst without uneasiness and sadness. The Parliament disapproved of his proceedings, and the King himself, whose name he never ceased to invoke, called upon him to submit to the laws. All was useless. He traversed Sicily, and entered Catania, everywhere find ing a welcome full of salutary warning, wnich, however, he could not understand. From Catania he at length jrwaq~l Over to tho Innini and with 3,000 mon, thus compelling the King's government to order an immediate and complete suppression of his proceedings. it was then that, met by a detachment of the royal army, he was taken with his adherents. The facts that I have just briefly recapitulated will leave no other trace among us than a painful recollection. The harmony of the public mind, founded upon % unani mous attachment to exalted principles, could not be troubled. These facts have, however, a significance which you will point out to the government to which you are accredited. They are a testimony of the political ma turity of those populations whose freedom dates from yesterday; of the desire of Italy to see its destinies ac • complished by regular means, and of the indissoluble ties which unite the nation of the constitutional monarchy, the supreme expression of the will of the country. They afford, besides, fresh proof of the fidelity and disci pline of the army, the constant and safe guardian of the national independence. The European Cabinets must nut, however, misunderstand the true meaning of events. Law has carried the day, but it must be admitted that the watch word of the volunteers was this time the expression of a want more imperative than ever. The whole nation claims the capital; it has only lately resisted theincontiderate im pulse of Garibaldi, because convinced the King's Govern ment would be able to accomplish the mandate which it has received from Parliament respecting Rome. The pro blem may have changed its aspect, but the urgency of a solution only becomes more cogent. In presence of the shocks, daily becoming more and more serious, which recur in the Peninsula, the powers will comprehend that. Italy has made a supreme and final effort in treating as an enemy a man who had rendered such signal services, and upheld a principle which exists in the mind of all Italians. They will feel that the Italians, in seconding the Sovereign without hesitation in the crisis which has just been passed, understood how to unite all their strength around the legitimate representative of their rights, in order that enti a justice may be at length ren dered them. Atter this victory, obtained in some sort over herself, Italy no longer needs to prove that her cause is that of European order. It has been sufficiently shown what sacrifices she, is capable of making, in order to keep her engagements, and Europe is notably aware that she will keep those she has undertaken, and which she is still ready to undertake relative to the liberty of the Holy See. Henceforth, the powera ought, therefore, to assist us in dissipating the prejudices which still exist to prevent Italy from finding rest and reassuring Europe. The Catho lic nations, and above all France, who has so constantly laboured in the world in defence of the interests of the Church, will recognise the danger of any longer maintain ing an antagonism between Italy and the Papacy —the sole cause of which is to be found in the temporal power, and of tiring out the spirit of moderation and conciliation with which the Italian people have hitherto shown themselves animat d. Such a state of things is no longer tenable, and would end by entailing extreme consequences upon the Government of the I ing, the responsibility of which could net weigh on us alone, and would seriously compromise the religious interests of Catholicism and the tranquillity of Europe. * * * * Receive, &c. .(Signed) The Brussels Independance of Friday says : Rumous, the echo of which come to us from Paris, begin to credit the Italian Government with some faint desire for energy. It is asserted that the Kattazzia ➢Tini stry is preparing a series of important measures in order to put France in a position to evacuate Rome. The Cham bers will be shortly convoked, in order to vote with urgency two bills—one decreeing that every Roman citizen shall have the right to claim the position of a subject of the King of Italy ; the other having for its object the admis sion of Roman deputies to the Italian Parliament. The presentation of these measures will be preceded by an ex plicatory and justificative note, addressed first to the French Government, and then to the other European 1 Cabinets. DURANDO. Count de Paris and the Duke de Chartres, after visiting Liege, Namur, and the field of Waterloo, arrived in Brussels the evening before last, and were conducted to the Palace by d'Oultrement, orderly officer to the Duke de Brabant. The Duke and Duchess were at the Theatre de la Monnaie at the time, but the Duke, on learning the ar rival of his relatives, went to the Palace and returned with them to join the Duchess at the theatre. The next morn ing Count de Paris and the Duke de Chartres visited the King at Laeken, and breakfasted there. The Union says :--" Every one knows by ex perience that the prices of articles of food have increased in a considerable proportion during the last few years. The following statistics show one of the principal causes of that excessive dearness :—Betweeh the 20th September, 1861, and 31st August, 180,2, ware exporred to England 9,200,000 pounds of fresh table fruit ; 3,000,0.0 pounds of dried or fresh veg e t a bl es; 2 , 000,000 o f d r i e d preserved fruit; 2,400,000 pounds of nuts and a lm o nds potatoes; 2,600,800 o f f res h salt vegetables tA l, ti O i l t 2 e , r 0f 0 1 0 1 , d ,20 8 00001 o o of pounds' weight of eggs ; 270,000 pounds of poultry ; and 24,000 o f sweetmeats. Together more than 40,000,000 pounds of provieiona." THE GLASGOW MURDER. The trial of Jessie M'Lachlan, for the murder of Jessie M'Pherson, was commenced at Glasgow on Wednesday, before Lord Dens. It will be remembered that on Monday afternoon, the 7th July, it was discovered that Jessie McPherson aged 38, servant to Mr. John Fleming, accoun tant, residing at 17, Sandyford-place, Glasgow, had been cruelly murdered. The family were living at Dunoon at the time, and the male portion of the household, with one exception, had gone down on the previous Friday afternoon to join the other part of the family, leaving old Mr. Flem ing and the deceased (Jessie M'Pherson) alone in the house. At four o'clock on Saturday morning lgr. F era' ing heard sounds proceeding from the sunk flat ; butt thinking there was nothing wrong, he paid no attention to it. The deceased was not afterwards seen alive; and on Monday afternoon, when Mr. John Fleming came h,,me, search was made, and her body was found, fearfully man gled, with several deep gashes on the head, lying in her own bed-room, the floor of which was covered with gore. Immediately the most energetic and patient investigation was made into the whole circumstances of the case. Little light, however, was cast upon it for several days. There had been some money and silver plate taken from the house on the night of the murder, and this vas found the following Wednesday forenoon in a pawn office in East Ciyde-street, where it had been pledged admittedly by the prisoner M'Lachlan, who was apprehended in her lodgings on the Sunday following. Some days after, clothing belonging to the deceased, after several journeys by rail, was given up to the authorities by the prisoner's husband; ar,d subsequently bloody rags were found at Hamilton, which are supposed to have belonged to the prisoner M'Lachlan. After three examinations before the sheriff, the prisoner was committed for trial on a charge of murder and theft. The prisoner, Jessie M'Lachlan, left her home at Inverness about nine years ago, and came to Glasgow, where she got employment as a domestic servant. After having filled several situations she entered the service of Mr. John Fleming, Sandyford-place, with whose family she remained for several years. It was at this period that she made the acquaintance of the deceased, Jessie M'Pher son, with whom she was then a fellowservant. The two servants agreed admirably together; indeed much more so than usual. The prisoner left that place about four or five years ago, being married out of the house to J. M'Lachlan, who is a native of Greenock. She is described by those who have known her best as a woman of unblemished re putation—even of a religious turn of mind, and especially as a person of quiet and reserved disposition. Old Mr. Fleming had remained in the house from Saturday morning till Monday evening without taking any notice of the ab sence of the deceased, notwithstanding the screams be had heard, and he was consequently the first person suspected of the crime, He was apprehended on the charge, but was afterwards liberated. Sevet al witnesses were examined on Wednesday, among whom was old Mr. Fleming, who was in the witness box for two hours. He steadfastly declared that no thought of foul play ever entered his head. He thought the deceased had gone to visit some of her friends. At nine o'clock in the evening the trial was adjourned. The trial was resumed en the following day. Several witnesses were examined, and various articles of the prisoner's clothing identified. Evidence was also given as to the despatch of the box to Hamilton, and the prisoner's proceeding there. Ihe trial was again adjourned, On Friday the evidence was against the prisoner, although not to a very great extent, and yet exculpatory of old Mr. Fleming. Dr. M'Leod, however, gave evidence to the effect that some bloody footprints on the floor of the woman's bed room were not made by the deceased, nor old Fleming, but might have been made by the prisoner, which had been ex amined. It was also proved that the prisoner had been requiring money immediately prior to the time of the murder % and that she was th'n in debt, but that she paid the day after the murder several debts, such as would account for the money shE had got for the silver plate. This concluded the case for the prosecution. Mr. Clark then objected to the three declarations made by the prisoner being put in and read. Lord Dees verruied these objectlins, and the declaration; were accordingly read. The first w, s the most important, and, after entering into particulars with which the publics are already familiar—as her name, age, occupat on before marriage, and the name of her husband —stated that she last saw the deceased in her (M'Lachlan's) house in Broomie" law, cn the 28th of June last. She wact not in or near gr• Fleming's house, in Sa , dytord-place, on Ft iday, the 4th, or morning of Saturday, the sth of July, and was not in anY way concerned with the murder or theft. She was in her own house the whole day, till about seven at night, ati ci after going out twice returned finally about a quarter-past eleven p.m,, letting herself in by a check lock. She went to bed, and rose about eight next morning, her little si.n. sleeping with her. She admitted having the plate, but gotitf o rm e for oM him. At Fleming, who told her not t o tell what sh atsh e e had done At the usual hour, the proceedings were once more ad• j ourned. THE VERDICT. GLASGOW, SATURDAY, 3 P.M — Lord Deas concluded hi© ohargo to Oho jury at a quarter part two o'clock. lhe jury then retired, and after an absence of twenty minutes returned the verdict of guilty. His lordship, with the usual formalities, then pronounced sentence of death. FUR7HER SPREAD OF THE SMALLPDX IN SHEEP. (From the .Devizes Gazette,) The continued spread of this unfortunate and virulent malady, in a way which bids defiance not only to the lao'S of contagion, but every theory which the most scientifi c among our veterinary professors have laid down, is a rust' ter which demands the immediate attention of all flock' masters; and for their own preservation we hope that, be fore another week has passed, there will not be an owne r of sheep in the county of Wilts who will not have enrolled his name as a member of the association which has Jus t been organised by the leading flockmasters in the county " for preventing the spread of small-pox in sheep an d affording compensation to those who may sus t a i n losses from that special disease." On Saturday evening, rumours were rife concerning a number of separate outbreaks, and on Monday morning we heard that Professor Gamgee (who is still exerting himself in t,is neighbourhood) was on his way into Berkshire. He was, however, soon stopped on his road to inspect the flock of Mr. I. Dark, at Avebury, where two cases of c i n fl u ent small-pox in the early stage had exhibited themselves. One of the affected sheep had, it appeared, been seen ailing se far back as Tuesday the 9th inst., but had not been seps" rated until the day previous to Mr. Gamgee's visit. There is therefore great reason to fear that the disease will spread among Mr Dark's flock (which consists of between 300 and 400), although every care is no ,v being taken to carry oat the system of separation which has proved so beneficial in the case of Mr. Giddings' fleck at Horton. From Avebury, Professor Gamgee went on to l qr. Church's at Aldbourne, where several more lambs and o ne ewe have been seized. Mr. Church is very active in P,r/: venting the fu r th er spread of the disease, but owes 1-,", continued misf or t unes . o one of those " mild " cases which are so m uc h to b e dreaded—we mean one of those case s which an animal passes through every stage of the disease unobserved, and so infects a considerable number of lanimals without being detected. ed llt will b e r emem b ere d, f r om what h as p rev i ous ly aPPe ar ",,, in our paper, that Mr. Church had sold 100 lambs at 115.'",,; fair; out disease in his flock was no t recogn i s ed unti l fortnight after this, though it appears that the sheph erd had observed a lamb ailing on its return from the fair. VI, 100 lambs of Mr. Church's had been purchased by Mr. flu ber , of Langley Farm, Berks ; and Mr. Hulbert, unfb rfil a nately, not knowing the symptoms of small-pox, seff ere o several animals to die unheeded amongst his flock of betwee4 three and fur hundred lambs. The destruction whit ensued may therefore be well imagined. Professor Gau t g ee on his vi..it to Langley Farm on Tuesday, saw twelve cas e* and many more were separated immediately afterwards. Of Mr. Louseley's conduct we cannot speak too high''' . He has afforded every information to Professor Gan3o7 and thus all the sheep which Mr. Louseley purchased e_ Marlborough Fair on the 2 2 nd of August have bee traced. It appears that he purchased 250 lambs of DV* Neste, of Allcannings ; , 100 of Mr. Wilks, o f Baydef 99 of Mr. Cundell, of Manton ; 80 of Mr. T. P. BrewV of Burderop , 70 of Mr. Looker, of Folly Farm, Mi r , borough; and 37 of Mr. Brown, of Uffoott. Of these bited the disease within two days after their arriva l Neate's 250 were returned on the following ; 150 were taken to West H a gbourn (P.. 0 Allcannings ; Louseley's farm); 99 were placed at Mr. Hutchins 's he H a rwell ; and 137 at Mr. Bettridge's at Streatley. stock which had been mixed with Mr. Neate's in fec-e e day, and e% 131 : 0 lambs were, therefore, it will be seen, separated into tbrer lots, and have since been carefully watched and kep t e n of all other animals. By these means a great de e ,.': t _ anxiety, if not of loss, has been saved to the Berkshire ou'eg It is due, too, to Professor Gamgee to say th a t it is e-1 a to his aotivity and energy that a great deal ha s b -643 0 brought to light w hi c h would probably never have ;tele known until immense mischief had been caused' and through his inst rumentality that the public bac',. AO made aware of the existence of the disease at Stantont;odies it was a bald determinatio n on hi s part to have til e ii ,p(A of twq animals which had been buried with the en ' ti o ogi tt Upon tLem on M r . Si m pki n s' f ar m exhu m ed, that br flock the fact unnsis akeably out, and led to the return ef.ssizep of lambs (although free from disease), which Sr' kins had sold at Wilton fair on Friday lost. THE COTTON FAMINE AND THE SHIPPING I _, - 1 %, ( 0 1 ° , —The chairman of the Mersey Dock Board, at the o meeting on Thursday, stated that the surp lus inen,7ooo• the estate for the year ending June 24, amounted to o The imports from the United States showed a decre''' re d. no less than 1,850,000 bales of cotton alone, as c °l: °, l3 : l o tli with the previous year, and the estate had eve re' lost about £loo,ooo in dues which they would 1 . 04 `" a o( into Y ar G oa dived from ships and from cotton itself, to say n° ll°3 the export dues on the same cotton when spun o° l cloth. The surplus income had chiefly arisen from the trade. Feu CC X i NI R ti