The Sun. — London, England, 1862-01-28 00:00:00

3.10,VEY MARKET AND CITY NEWS. CITY, Two O'CLOCK. The progress of business in the Foreign and Colonial Produce Market during the last few days hat, been moderately active. Tea has fully main t; ained previous rates. Sugar, coffee, and cocoa c on tin ued in steady demand at full quotations, while ' the operations in rice have been to a moderate ex tent. Fruit and spices have remained without change of importance. Saltpetre has been in small request, and tallow has:slightly advanced, owing to an increased demand for exportation. Tl . ,ere was a decided increase in the demand for cott()n in the Liverpool market 'yesterday, and PriQßs were firm. The sales amounted to 12,000 bal es . About D 35,000 in foreign gold was withdrawn frc,m the Bank of England yesterday for expor- to t ion. The Moravian, from Victoria, has brought about . - 5200,000 in gold. The Alhambra, for Lisbon, took £5OO in sove- reigns. Interest at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum will be paid on the Ist proximo on the shares of the Algerian Railway. A further call of £1 10s. per share has been inadeJ by the directors of the Bahia and San Fran cisco, Railway Company, to be paid on or before the 6th of March. There is an increase of £1,208 in the traffic re cr ipts of the Brighton Railway, but a decrease of £1,021 on the South Eastern for the past week. The traffic receipts of the Great 'Western Railway of Canada for the week ending the 10th instant amounted to £12,765 against £8,638 last year. Applications will now be received for portions of a further issue of new £lO shares of the Great North of Scotland Railway, bearing a fixed pre- Iszential dividend at the rate of 41 per cent. Further indications of buoyancy have been per ceptible in the English Stock Market to-day, and at one time a rise of per cent. was exhibited, but it has not been maintained. Consols, after being 931 t, are now 93 93} for money and the 6th pros. The New Threes and the Reduced have improved to ‘ 92 1, 93; Indian, to 1061 ; but Exchequer Bills are :flat at 16s. prem. for March, and 19s. to 225. for Jetne ; Bank Stock has receded to 241 and 2421. Foreign Securities exhibited increased buoyancy, especially Mexican Stock, which has further im proved to 301 31. Turkish 6 per Cents. are 84 to 841 ; ditto, 1858, at 74 to 741 ; Sardinian at 782; Russian are flat at 981; Spanish at 521 53, and ditto certificates at 61 6 ; Venezuela are maintained at 241. The Moorish Loan is 51 prem. In the Railway Share Market the dealings have been moderately active, and a slight advance has taken place in prices. Caledonian, Eastern Coun ties, Brighton, and Manchester, Sheffield, and Lin coln improved ss. ; and North-Eastern (Berwick), 10s. ; Lancashire and Yorkshire, however, have declined ss, ; and Midland, 10s. The Foreign and Colonial undertakings remained 'without any change of importance. Sambre and Reuse brought 8: ; Grand Trunk of Canada 211 ; Great Western of Canada, 112; and Great Indian ?eninsula 1001; East Indian have improved to 101: 102. Joint Stock Bank and Miscellaneous Shares are shade firmer, Bank of London being dealt in at 74 1 London Joint Stock at 361 1, and Ottoman .Bank 19±. BRITISH FUNDS—CLOSING PRICES. Rank Stock 4 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 921 3 a per Cent. Consols Annuities 2 , Tew 3 per Cent. Annuities :India Stock Ditto 5 per Cent. Ditto Enfaced Paper, 4 per Cent — Ditto 5 per Cent. lOO/ 1 Ditto 51 er Cent lO6 1 7 64 Ditto Debentures, 4 per Cent., Oct., 1863 99 Ditto ditto Aug. 1864 or 66 99 Ditto Bonds £l,OOO Ditto under £l,OOO Consols for Account, Feb. 6 India Stock for Account, 5 per Cent . March. I June. Exchequer Bills, £l,OOO 2d.... 16 pm 22 Ditto £5OO — Ditto Small l6 1 FOREIGN FUNDS—CLOS/ING PRICES. akexican, 3 per Cent I — Ditto Account ITew Grenada, 2 per Cent Portuguese 3 per Cent., 1853. .Russian 5 per Cont. 1822, £ St .. 981 1 Ditto Account 9Bl Ditto 3 per C en t. 1859 6O ardinian 5 per Cent. — Ditto Account Evanish 3 per Cent Ditto Account Ditto New Deferred 424 / Ditto Passive ;Spanish Cert. of Coup. not funded Turkish 6 per Cent. — Ditto Account Ditto New Loan — Ditto Account Ditto £lOO Bonds 'Venezuelan 3 per Cent Ditto Account Dividends on the above payable in London. leiglan, 4/ per Cent., E x . 25f .. 99 Dutch 21 per Cent., Exchange 12 Guil .. 64/ Ditto Certificates, 4 per Cent... Italian, 5 per Cent., 1861 64 1 Tielinontese, 5 per Cent., Ex. 25 francs 641 Consols Money Ditto THREE O'CLOCK. 921 : 3 Account PERILOUS POSITION OF DER MAJESTY'S SHIP CONQUEROR. From Nassau (Bahamas) we have advices to the Ist. Tho Nassau Guardian of that date says By the arrival to-day of the schooner William IL Bell, Henry Bowe, master, we regret to learn the :probable loss of her Majesty's line-of-battle ship Conqueror, 101 guns, which occurred on Sunday last, she having struck on a sunken rock on the east of Rum Cay, and become embedded five feet on the coral reef. Mr. Miller, an officer of the ill-fated steamer, was despatched in the schooner to Nassau for the purpose of obtaining assistance, and we un derstand the Bulldog will leave at 5 p.m. to-day for the scene of the disaster. The captain was using every exertion to get the vessel off. The Nimble goes to Bermuda with despatches for the Admiral, and the Steady will remain here for some time. The Conqueror was on her way from Jamaica to Bermuda, and had taken 1,100 marines on board, besides her crew. The marines were transferred to the St. George at Jamaica. We are sorry to hear that there were several cases of yellow fever on board the Challenger when the Nimble left. The • Conqueror is a two decker screw ship of the line, drawing about 34 feet of water. She is of 800 horse-power, and her speed averaged 104 knots an hour. She is of 3,224 tons burden, carries 101 guns, and was built in 1855. Her former station was the Mediterranean, and she is one of the vessels recently sent to strengthen the British North American fleet. CALLS TO THE BAR, Jan. 27.—The undermen tioned gentlemen were this day called to the bar by the Hon. Society of the Inner Temple, viz. :—Thos. Minchin Goodeve, Esq., M.A., Arthur Charles, Esq., B.A. (certi cate of honour), George Philippe, Esq. (certificate of honour), Clement Francis Cornwall, Esq., B.A , David John Vavasor Durell, Esq., Wm. Alex. Dumaresq, Esq., 8.A., Percival H. Wormald, Esq., 8.A., Marston Clarke Buszard, Esq., 8.A., William Cecil Pardoe Purton, Esq., Charles Owen, Esq., John Lloyd Wharton, Esq., B.A. William Graham, Esq., B. A. , en A ry ru ly nd il e u l am ßo E g d er g s e , , E E: q q Charles Mathew Clode, Esq., .a M.A., William Ralston Shedd er Ralston, Esq,, B.A , and Mark John Stewart, Esq., M.A. Middle Tmple,. Jan. 27.—James Thomson Jeffrey, Esq. (holder of certifi ca t e of honour awarded by the Council of Legal Education), of Now-court, Temple ; Samuel Francis IHveaiwkietrt: Esq., of the Terrace, Kennington; Thomas Esq., B, A., Jesus College, Cambridge, and of 1, Elm-court, Temple; Joseph Underhill, Esq., of Mitre -court-chambers; and Richard Edward Cumberland, Esq., of Chertsey, Surrey. Lincoln's-inn, Jan. 27.—Henry Ludlow, E sq., 8.A., Cambridge (holder of the Studentship of Hilary Term, 1861) ; Charles Carleton Massey, Esq. (certifi cate of honour, first class) ; John Ignatius Williams, Esq., 8.A., late of Oxford ; Arthur Pemberton Lons dale, Esq., 8.A., Oxford ; James Bearden, Esq. ; Sack ville Davis, Esq. ; James Clayfield Clayffeld Ireland, Esq., M.A., C am b r id ge; TI L Oxford ; Holding, Esq., --- Wm. Fletcher Atkinson, Esq., 8.A.., Cambridge; Francis Cowley Burnard, Esq., 8.A., Cambridge; Henry Thomas i Salmon, Esq., M.A., Oxf o rd ; R o bert Harrop, Esq , A.) London; Jo se ph H o bb s, E sq., 8 . A ., O x f or d ; John Edwin Hilary Skinner, Esq. ; Douglas Parry Crooke, Esq., 8.A., Oxford; Edward Thns. Smith, Esq, 8.A., Oxford; Wm. Fox Hawes, Esq., 8.A., Cambridge; Thomas Calthorpo Blofcld, Esq., 8.A., Cambridge; Wm. Barber, Esq., M.A., Orford; and Thomas Berwick, Esq., Gray's-inn. VIA RE MARKET-(THIS DAY). ORDINARY SHARES AND STOCKS. 1 pa ,,,.i Closing Business Share 1 Railways. Paid .I done. 1 13.14 ißir., Wol., and Str. VaL all 75 8 25 Blyth and Tyne 10 'Bost,Sleat.,andllid.o3 all 64 7 st Bristol and Exeter at ; Caledonian lOO 104 1045 101 5 5 50 i f; nt and Bandon all 2 0 Cornwall all 5 6 10 IDo A {A ... gets no div i all D o , B 10 D till t ' l) e 'P "'has all I been paid June. to B. • • 50 ;Dublin et Belfast all 42 44 25 1 Dun.,Perth,& Ab. June all 10/ 111 at 'East Anglian lOO 19 20 20 at !Eastern Counties ... at Eastern Unio n , A stock 100 48 52 st Do Bdo do 100 31 35 35 25 D 1 oNw A, late E U3ds 13 5 at lEast Suffolk st 'Edinburgh & Glasgow lOO 91 93 at lEdin., Perth, & Dundee 100 W I 51 1 at Glasg. and S. Western. 100 102 1 10 GreatNrthn.of Scotland all st Great Northern lOO 1124 113) 113 a t Do A stock lOO 109 110 at Do Bdo at Gt. S. an IW. of Ireland 100 104 106 at Great Western . at Do Str Val gua. stock 00 57 6 ) 12 Irish South Eastern at Lancashire & Yorkshire, 1085 109 10 81 at London and Blackwalt 100 58 60 at Lon., Bright ,& S. Coast 100 120 122 1211 1 at f on., Chat, .and Dover 100 45 47 at Lon. & North Western' 100 911 911 945 5 at Lon. & South Western' 1 00 97 93 971 8 25 L'derry & Coleraine .. aq 25 L'derry & Enniskillen. all 9 11 st Alan., Shef , & Lincoln. 100 445 44/ 44 1 1 1 . 50 Maryport and Carlisle. all 12 1 Do 1 shares all atMetropolitan • 11001 65 7 Midland 6.4.0 Do New at Do Birming. & Derby 100 103 105 50 Mid Gt. W. of Irelands all 25 Do. 6 shares 20 Mid Kent I° Do Cray Line 100 Newcastle and Carlisle all 20 Newry, Warnpt, & Ros. all at Norfolk lOO 65 67 at North British st Nor.Dev.Rail&Dk.stock 100 at Do A stk ; A rocs no d till 6 pc. has been pdß 100 at Do B stock lOO fl at, Nth. Eastern—Berwick 1 00 100 1 101 5 1015 1 ICOS 4 . Do, G.N.E. purchase 16.13.4 1d p d at Do Leeds lOO 56 57 at Do York at North London 10 916.4 North Staffordshire 10 N. and S. W. Junction all 104 11 at Not. Gran. Rl. & Canal 100 92 93 20 Portsmouth 10 11113 mney at Scottish Central' lOO 125 12 ' at Scot. N. E., Aber. stock 100 45 47 465 at Do Sc .t. Mid. stock lOO 100 102 10 Shrews. and Welchpoo! all at Shropshire Union 10 Sittingbourne & Sheer all —-- at South Devon lOO 37 39 25 S. Durham & Lane. Un all at South Eastern at South Wales at S. York. and River Dun 1"0 97 99 20 Stainea,Wok.,andWok all 55 6 Si 25 Stockton & Darlington all 31 40 25 Do l3 a 16 P 25 Do New, 1860 5 6 7 p st Taff Vale at Do Pref. No. 1 25 ThameallavenDk&Rail 22 50 Ulster 25 D o 2O 24 34 12.10 Do at Vale of Neath at Victoria sta. and Pim lOO 1275 13 , 5 at Waterford & Kilkenny 100 5 0 Waterford & Limerick. all 20 West Cornwall all 6 65 20 West London 10 Do Ist class - 20 Do 2d class all at W. Hartlepool Har.&R lOO 84 86 at West Midland Oxford ; 100 47 49 et Do Newport) 100 44 46 at Do Hereford, 100 89 01 LINES LEASED AT FIXED RENTALS. Railways. Paid. 1 Leasing Closing Business Co. a Price. Done. Bedford and Bletchley all Ln.&N.W Birkenhead., Buckingh • ms'nre.. Chester &II llyhead lOO Do 536 546 Do. 56 per cent 100 Do 124 126 Do. 5 „ 100 Do. ll3 115 Clydesdale Junction 100 Caledon. 101 103 Colchester, Stour Val. 100 E.U.&E.O 64 66 E. Lincolnsh. gCpr c. 100 Gt. North. 135 138 E.Union,HarwichShs all E,Counts. 4 41 Do. Woodbrido - e.... 100 • • • • Gls. Barr. &Neils.Drc. 100 Caledon .. . • Do. new Gloster &Dean Forest all Gt. West. .. .. Hull and Selby all Yk.N. Mid 111 113 Do. halves Do. quarters Lancaster & Carlisle 100 Ln.&N.W 201 204 Lon. and Chat. Ext. B 6 per cent Do. Bromley, 6 per c all Do London & Greenwich 100 S. Eastern 62 64 Do. Preferen .e Lon.,Tilb.&S.: , Athend 100 Peto &Co B2 84 Lowestoft gua. 4 p c.. 100 Norfolk Do 6 pier cent lOO Do. Mnc.,Bxtn.,& Matlock all LNW& M 3,1 41, 4 1 Mid. Bradford Prefer ence stock Newmarkt, BuryEx 1 gua. 5 per cent... 5. 5 . 6 . E Co ur t s. i 6 p Northn.&Eastn. sp. c. all Do. Do. 8 per cent. .... all Do • • Do. Fixed sp. c.... all D 0....... N. Eastn—Hartlepool 1(0 N. E. Ber. North Western Preston and Wyre. 1 all L&N.W 1 & L. yo 44 46 Do. 6 shares A. all D 0........... Roystn.Hitch.& Shep. 100 Gr. North. t3l 137 Shreweby & Hereford 100 iT Brassey 120 122 Do. Do. South Staffordshire Wilts and Somerset lOO Gt. West. 90 93 Wimbledn A Croydon all L.&Brgtn 86 96 PREFERENCE SHARES. Sharei Railways. Paid. Closing Business Prices. Done. 25 Blythe and Tyne 10 p.c. pref. issued at £5 all et Bris. & Exet. 4p.c. st 100 92 94 20 'Do. shares at Caledon. qr. ahrs, No. 2 100 6} Cork & Bandon 54 p. c. all 2 0 Cornwall. 5 per cent all 204 215 64 Dtm.Perth, & Aber.Jun all 6 64 10 Do. Ist Class Pref all st E. Angn. Class Asp. c lOO 101 103 at It. Coun. Ex. 5 p.c. No. 1 100 109 111 at Do No. 2 100 108 110 at Do. new 6p.c. at lOO 125 127 126 at Eastern Union, 4p. c— 100 81 83 at Do. sp. c. guar lOO st Edin.&Glas.s p.c. shares 100 111 113 at Do. 4p. c. guar. S. & 0 lOO 90 92 at Furness, 5 per cent lOO at Glas.A S.West. gu. 5 p.c lOO at Great Northern, sp. c lOO 116 118 117 at D 0.5 p.c.Redm.lop.c.pm lOO 11l 115 at Do. 44 p. c. do lOO 101 106 at Do,sp.c.lledir.atsp.c.p,m 100 104 110 10 Gt. NIL of Scot. Ist pref. all at Gt. Sn. &W. (Ireland) 4 per cent lOO 97 99 50 Great West. (Berks and Ilants 143xt) 5 per cent 6 at Do. redeem. 4/ p. et._ 100 98 100 994 • at Do. redeem. 4p. ct lOO 88 90 at Do. irredeein. 4p. ct lOO 89 91 90) st Do. sp. a redeem. pref. 100 102 104 103 8 ')o. Birm. pref. shares all 94 IC' 10 Do. Chester 8 p.c. pf. she all 17 18 10 Do. Chester 5 p.c. pf. shs all 104 11 st Do. Birm. guar. stock lOO 76 78 264 Do. Chester guar. shares all 204 21 13/ Do. do all 105 10/ 20 Do. do all 154 15) 100 Lan. & Carl. 4/ p.c. pref SO at Lan. & York. 6 p.c. stock 100 135 137 at Do.Barnel.st£s 2s 10dpe 100 at Do. 6p. c. (East Lan.) ' 100 at Do. 44 p. c. (Blackb. pur. 100 102 104 et Lon.&Brig.sp.o.gu. No.l 100 114 117 st Do. 5 per ceriLdo. No 2 100 114 117 at Do. 6 per cent - do lOO 138 142 st Do. 5 per cent. do. No. 4 100 114 117 at Do. 7 per cent pref. stk 100 153 158 st Do. 6 p.c. do(W.E.&C.P.) 100 129 132 at Do. 4 p c.st.(div.def.lll'6s 100 74 76 at Lon. Chat. &Day. sp.c.pf.' 100 96 97 97 at Lon. Sr N. W., Coy. & Nuneaton, 5 per cent. 100 112 114 at Lon. & S.West. 7p. cent. et., late 3d shares 100 at Do. 45 per cent • 100 2s 6d Do. (Priem. perpl. anns.l of 2s 6d all 12 Londondy. &Cole, shs alt 12i rondony. & Ennis. shs all 135 14 st Man. Sh. & Lin. 6 per ct. 100 126 128 6 Do. £6 st Do. 35 per cent. 10 Do. redeem. G percent 5 4 )pm 124 Nlaryport & Carl. 4 pr. c all .. 124 Do. 4i per cent all at Midland Con. 6p. 0. stk. 100 .. at Do.Con.Bris.(t Bir. 6 p.c. 100 133 140 at Do. 45 p.c. pref. at. rdem 100 103 105 at Do. 44 p.c. irredeomable 100 [ 6 Do. 45 per cent. , all .. at Do.Leic. andllit.4per ct 100 93 95 st Norflk. sp. c. Ex. st. 1846 100 .. at Do. 54 p. c. Pref. st. 1847 100 .. stDo.sWay.ValEx.st.lB47 100 i at Nort British, 5 per cent. 100 111 113 st Do. New gua. per cent lOO 109 111 10 Do. Bor. Un. g. prf. shs. 7 15 I)pm 1 0 Do. do. do. all at Nth.Dvn.Rail.&Dck.Co. 100 .. at N-East. Cons. pref. 4 p.c. 100 .. at Do. 44pr. ct. redeemable 100 .. at Do. G. N. E. 4p. ct. pref. 100 100 102 17 Do. Berwick 4p. c. pref. 100 98 100 20 Do. Leeds 6p. c. No. 1 8. 13.4 / dis par 12/ Do. do. Quarters, 1848 l3 .. 25 Do. York, FL &S. Purch. 9 . 20 North Staffordshire.... 10 4 dis par 10 Rhymney Guaranteed.. all 22 23 at Scottish North-Eastern 34 p. C. pref. stock.... all .. at Do.Aberdeen,gua.6p c 100 .. at Do. 7p. c. pref. stock 100 .. 1 0 s. South Devon, Ann, 10s. 100 132 136 10 Do. Fixed 44 per cent all 10 11 10 . 6. South Eastern (Reading all .. Ann., 1.0.6) at 1)o. 45 per cent at Do, Fixed 44 per cent 100 102 104 at South Wales, gua. 4p. c. 100 .. st Do. 4/ per cent at Do. do. 1859 lOO .. at Do. 5 per cent. lOO .. at S. Yorkshire, 4p. c. gua. 100 86 80 20 Do. sp. c. gua. 13 1 14 p ' 5 Stock. & Dar. Asp. c all 28 29 25 Do. B6p. c all 32 31 25 Do. C 6 p. all 31 33 at Watrfd & Kilkny, 6p. c. 100 42 45 st Mid.-Oxf lst gua stk 100 127 129 st Do. 2d do lOO 123 126 St -Do •N . at D ewport 5 p.c. pfsed. 100 102 103 et o.Perpet.6p. pf. 1866 100 122 125 Do. till 1869 100 118 121 stock DOC et Coo---on.4inpleerro(3llnt. r stock , D:ast and I'Veat ' steel. r .orden.. .. India - 5 12314 100 62 (5 stock , 4 4. Katha;ine' *** **** " 9 57 59 100 20 w Do' Ne. ***** 00 08 10- 0 :t t o ,o ck k S v o je t r a ia m . p . 2 lid p 19.16.4, 12.10 " 77'7 ruEl SUN% !LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 28, 1862. PUGILISM. FIGHT FOR THE CHAMPIONSHIP.-MACE AND KING. The above fight took place this morning at God stone, in Surrey, and about 30 miles front London. The fight began at 7 minutes past nine, and after fighting one hour and eight minutes, during which time 42 rounds were fought, King was unable to come up to the call of time, and Mace *as declared the victor. King obtained first blood and the first knock down blow. The betting at the com mencement was 2 to 1 on Mace, but in the course of the encounter, the odds varied to similar offers upon King; the punishment delivered up to a certain time was tolerably equal, King having slightly the best of it until the last round, when they closed and fell, King's head corn ing in contact with the ground, which rendered him insensible, and the sponge was thrown up in token of his defeat. The fight took place amid a steady fall of rain, but the attendance was very large, the aristocracy being very powerfully repre sented. ,LITE.RATU.RB. Lady Herltert's Gentlewomen. By Eliza Mete yard (Silverpen), author of " Mainstone's House , keeper," &c. 3 vols. Hurst and Blackett. In these volumes we meet with several stories which are joined in a connecting link by an origi nal sketch of interest. It treats of Shirlot, an establishment created by the bounty of Lady Her bert, and in whose peaceful shades dwelt many who else might have been cast on the rough world. The account of some of the quarrels and contrarieties that ever and anon disturb the equanimity of the inhabitants and mar the peace of the happy home is very aptly drawn, and shows in a forcible man ner how ill temper and evil passions may mar the best attempts and frustrate the kindest intentions. The various tales are ingeniously introduced, and some of them are very entertaining. " The New Lord Burleigh" is a sketch that satirizes the world's flattery of wealth and its cruel scorn of poverty. In all ranks of life there are too many " Dusts" and " Sharks." It is doubtful whether "Meg" would have been happy in such a totally different sphere of existence, but the discernment which recognised her gentleness and goodness did infinite honour to Sir John Bordun, and the qualities which the little maid displayed in the sad time of sickness were those which bid fair to stand the trying test of time more than the shining and attractive characteristics he might have encountered. in the society of his equals. " The Butter-cup Spoon" is, perhaps the most pleasing story that is met with ; Lucy, the heroine, is a charming cha racter, and the old couple of Hatton-garden are most delightful in their quaint style and genuine kindliness. There is something very fresh and genuine about this little sketch, and the description of Lucy in her struggles and solitude is touchingly and truthfully told. From seeing some but tercups she had gathered cast by dance on some shining spoons she took the idea of forming a design of a silver ladle in that shape. "Oh go and show the hand of genius little cups and buds. Rocked by the vernal winds, cherished by the evening dew, fed by the balmy air, your simple, graceful, sweet loveliness must be transferred by art ; for touching conse quences lie with thee, oh simple little tender flowers." The romance of this little tale is a very attractive one, and it seemed truly a just thing that such kindred spirits in taste should be united. Grimling is a peculiar style, but he is animated by noble zeal, and his immediate perception of merit proved him to possess an innate discernment. The climax of the various events and disco veries takes place in a novel spot, for it is the Crystal Palace of famous memory. The ex citing scene is thus eloquently alluded to—" At length that glorious May-day dawned, which must ever be memorable in the annals of this country—in the annals of civilisation, the annals of the world, that marriage-day of beauty to utility, of civilisa tion to art, of the refinement that inspires to the coarseness that degrades, that grand marriage-day of human interests to the universal, the pure, and the exalted, that marriage-day of which a mighty human advance has yet to sing the fitting epithalmy." " Ruthven's play is a noticeable narrative, and brings before us in graphic sketches, some of the quaint customs and strange observances of an earlier age. The plot is rather an exciting one, and the reader will feel grieved at the sad tale of Jill, which comes upon one quite suddenly at last. It is satisfactory to find the base designs frustrated, and the malicious plans subverted of that unprincipled clique, of which Sir John Ogilvy reigned paramount. This slight sketch is the most striking in the volumes, although not the most pleasing. " Art in Bronze" is a peculiar narrative. All must rejoice at the , who, through toil and amid trouble, pursued his w a y, an d a t l as t . triumph of the energetic youth realised the glorious ideal of his visions and gained the lofty goal to which he had so long aspired. At the same time this tale has an error in it ; Miss Westall's marriage to a man she bad never seen before the interview in which she arranges to become his wife is most improbable. Despite these occasional exaggerations there is in the works of an authoress public have long appreciated. They bear evidence of deep thought,. much whose to writings admire the and declare their writer to be one who goes to the root of things, and seeks to divine the motives of actions and the causes of effects. Those who desire to peruse a solid book will be pleased with this series of sketches ; many various phases of life are brought to light, and some wise domestic hints appear side by side with plans of social improvement, and the amelioration of the thinking workers of the community. " The Southwark Inn" is an old-fashioned tale that brings before us some of those prim ways which the laxity of modern rule has suffered to fall into desuetude, to the great discredit of mis tresses and maids, and the detriment of the com fort of many households. It would be well for numerous families if they could renew the good old times in the reproduction of those neat, trim, mob-capped damsels who figure here as the minis tering handmaids to order, cleanliness, and general well-doing. If the example of the mistress of the " Dulphiu were followed more frequently by per sons of property it would be the greatest charity they could bestow on their fellow-beings of humanity. There was truth in the remark of Mrs. Dumple's attached adherent, old Tummis, when he said that if she taught a dozen girls how to perform properly all the minutiae of daily work she would preach a sermon as might have a voice through many generations. " The Chrismas Letter" is an agreeable episode of life in some very trying cir cumstances, but it is to be feared that the troublous beginning is more akin to actual experience than the sudden clearing of the clouds and the bright and happy evening to the stormy day of fears and sorrows that the aged gentlewomen hero chronicled had to endure. " A Winter and its Spring" is a cheering narrative, which encourages one to look for better times, and the earnest, kind hearted lady who is its heroine certainly deserved a happy fate as she was always seeking and striving to benefit others. We are told in taking leave of her, these glad tidings of her future, " Her winter was over, her spring was come." We all of us have winter in our lives, but let us hope, and wait, and patiently bear onward ; the spring will surely come. The Tale of Dora is very romantic and especially suited to sentimental readers. These volumes may be offered to the general reading community in the full confidence that they contain various matters to instruct and, interest ; some sad, some merry, some warning, and some entertaining sketches, make up the contents. Divers tastes and various dispositions may gather in this granary and come away satisfied, inasmuch as there is variety enough for all fancies and peculiar wishes. The " Gentlewomen" are very aptly sketched in their several styles. Miss Thorpe and niece are delight ful characters ; also Mrs. Eden is a sad resemblance to many :unhappy folks who are so bitter and sel fish that they render their lives a burden to themselves and an infliction to others. At her death-bed this feeling predominated ; her thoughts were with her hoarded money. " The ruling pas sion strong in death, the world and all things worldly even on the threshhold of the eternal door." These volumes will most likely be sought after on account of their skill and ingenuity, as well as their good purpose and vigorois writing in many places. They ar© original in many parts of their remark able sketches, and record some of the most signal and striking occurrences of life and dispositions of humanity. Civilisation Considered as a Science, in Relation to its Essence, its Elements, and its End. By George Harris, F.S.A., Barrister• at-Law; author of " The Life of Lord Chancellor Hardwicke," " The True Theory of Representation in a State," &c. Bvo. London: Bell and Daldy,:Fleet-street. Apart from the intrinsic merits of Mr. Harris's thoughtful and most suggestive volume, the work possesses a special but melancholy interest at the present time, inasmuch as we kn ow , f rom p r i va t e sources of information, that it was one of the very last additions made to his library b y th e l amen t e d Prince Consort. It will be seen, on glancing at the table of contents, that Mr. Harris divides his work into three several parts, viz.:— The real Nature and Essence of Civilisation ; the Elements which contribute to the Promotion of Civilisation; and lastly, The E n d resu l t i ng f rom the Complete Establishment of Civilisation. Thus the chief object of the author is to exhibit a com prehensive though concise view of the nature of civilisation, to demonstrate its capacity for scientific treatment, as well as for practical application, and to prove the necessity for cultivating every branch of it a lik e , i n order to ensure the establishment of it as an entire system or condition ; and from this a complete, definite, and systematic exposition of the true principles upon which the g enera l e d uca ti ona l and moral policy of this country ought to be conducted is set forth for the conside ra ti on o f th e reader. Air. Harris thinks that the el emen t s w hich chiefly tend to the promotion of civilisation are the fol lowing :—National educati on o f t h e peo pl e , na tional religious influence, na ti ona l i ns tructory institutions, 3 ultivation of art and science, liberty of the press and toleration, national commemora tions and festivals , dignities and honorary rewards, moral jurisprudence, internal communication, and international intercourse. All these several sub jects are treated in a spirit of moderation and im partiality, and are examined f u lly a n d comprehen sivelyof course, it cannot be expected poirtthanmt ar.fiHeldarorfisiniqnueirvyertyhavtieawll he ireadersn sotakes , large; a and and important he draws, yet every will n d d agree in t though,sv e one must admire the truly liberal and enlightened tone in which his investigations are conducted. The division which treats of the end resulting from the complete establishment of civilisation, is one that will amply repay perusal, and will be found of the deepest interest alike to the divine, the statesman, and the philanthropist. As a whole, we can safely say we have very seldom met with a work which has exhibited more patient industry, research, and thought than this new volume by Mr. Harris. That which from the title might have been thought dry, abstruse, and recondite, is really a work abounding in interest. It is written in language alike elegant and lucid, and while commending itself on this account to the scholar and politician, will be perused with equal gratifica tion by the general reader. The work we observe is dedicated by express permission to Lord Brougham, than whom no fitter patron could have been found. Mr. George Harris is already very favourably known to the literary and legal world by his excellent "Biography of Lord Chancellor Hardwicke," and his " Treatise on the true Theory of Representation in a State." We confidently predict that that reputation will be very materially increased by the publication of this, the last and most important work which the author has yet produced. Indeed this elaborate and most instruc tive treatise on " Civilisation considered as a Science" deserves a place among the standard volumes which grace the library shelves of every educated gentleman. THIRD EDITION. SUN OFFICE, Sevcn o'clock. THE TRENT AFFAIR. FURTHER OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE, (From the London Gazette of this Evening.) FOREIGN-OFFICE, JAN 28. Copies of correspondence with her Majesty's Minister in the United States : EARL RUSSELL TO LORD LYONS. Foreign-office, January 23, 1862. My Lord,—l mentioned, in my despatch of the 10th instant, that her Majesty's Government differed from Mr. Seward in some of the conclusions at which he tad arrived ; and that I should state to you on a future occasion wherein these differences consisted. I now proceed to do so. It is necessary to observe that I propose to discuss the questions involved in this correspondence solely on the principles of international law. Mr. Seward himself, speak ing of the capture of the four gentlemen taken from on board the Trent, says :—" The question before us is whe ther this proceeding was authorised by and conducted ac cording to the law of nations. This is, in fact, the nature of the question which has been, but happily is no longer at issue. It concerned the respective rights of belligerents and of neutrals. We must, therefore, discard entirely from our minds the allegation that the captured persons were rebels, and we must consider them only as enemies of the United States at war with its Government, for that is the ground on which Mr. Seward ultimately places the discussion. It is the only ground upon which foreign Governments can treat it. The first inquiry that arisen, therefore, is as Mr. Seward states it, "Were the persons named, and their supposed despatches contraband of war ?" Upon this question Her Majesty's Government differ en tirely from Mr. Seward. The general right and duty of a neutral Power to main tain its own communications and friendly relations with belligerents cannot be disputed. " A neutral nation," says Vattel,* "continues, with the two parties at war, in the several relations nature has placed between nations. It is ready to perform towards both of them all the duties of humanity, reciprocally due from nation to nation." In the performance of these duties, oh both sides, the neutral nation has itself a most direct and material interest; especially when it has numerous citizens resident in the territories of both belligerents; and when its citizens, resident both there and at home, have property of great value in the ter ritories of the belligerents, which may be exposed to danger from acts of confiscation and violence if the protection of their own Government should be withheld. This is the case with respect to British subjects during the present civil war in North America. IlActing upon these principles, Sir William Scott, in the case of the earoline,t during the war between Great Britain and France, decided that the carrying of despatches from the French Ambassador resident in the United States to the Government of France by an United States' merchant ship was no violation of the neutrality of the United States in the war between Great Britain and France, and that such despatches could not be treated as contraband of war. " The neutral country," he said, "has a right to preserve its relations with the enemy, and you are not at liberty to conclude that any communication betwean them can par take, in any degree, of the nature of hostility against you. The enemy may have its hostile projects to be attempted with the neutral State, but your reliance is on the integrity of that neutral State, that it will not favour nor paiticipate in such designs, but, as far as its own councils and actions are concerned, will oppose them. And if there should be private reasons to suppose that this confidence in the good faith of the neutral State has a doubtful foundation, that is matter for the caution of the Government, to be counterac ted by just measures of preventive policy ; but it is no ground on which this Court can pronounce that the neutral carrier has violated his duty by bearing despatches, which, as far as he can know, may be presumed to be of an inno cent nature, and in the maintenance of a pacific con nection." And he continues, shortly afterwards : "It is to be considered also, with regard to this question, what may be due to the convenience of the neutral State; for its interest may require that the intercourse of correspondence with the enemy's country should not be altogether interdicted. It might be thought to amount almost to a declaration that an Ambassador from the enemy shall not reside in the neutral State if he is declared to be debarred from the only means of communicating with his own. For to what useful purpose can he reside there with out the opportunities of such a communication ? It is too much to say that all the business of the two States shall be transacted by the Nlinist , .r of the neutral State resident in the enemy's country. The practice of nations has allowed to neutral States the privilege of receiving Ministers from the belligerent States, and the use and convenience of an immediate negotiation with them." That these principles must necessarily extend to every kind of diplomatic communication between Government and Government, whether by sending or receiving Ambassadors or Commissioners personally, or by sending or receiving despatches from or to such Ambassadors or Commissioners, or from or to the respective Governments, is too plain to need argument ; and it seems no less clear that such communications must be as legitimate and innocent in their first commencement as afterwards, and that the rule cannot be restricted to the case in which diplo matic relations are already formally established by the resi dence of an accredited Minister of the belligerent Power in the neutral country. It is the neutrality of the one party to the communications, and not either the mode of the communication or the time when it first takes place, which furnishes the test of the true application of the principle. The only distinction arising out of the peculiar circum stances of a civil war and of the non-recognition of the in dependence of the de facto government of one of the belli gerents, either by the other belligerent or by the neutral Power, is this—that "for the purpose of avoiding the diffi culties which might arise from a formal and positive solu tion of these questions, diplomatic agents are frequently substituted, who are clothed with the powers and enjoy the immunities of Ministers, though they are not invested with the representative character, nor entitled to diplomatic honours.T. Upon this footing Messrs. Mason and Slidell, who are expressly stated by Mr. Seward to have been sent as pretended Ministers Plenipotentiary from the Southern States to the Courts of St. James and of Paris, must have been sent, and would have been, if at all, received ; and the reception of these gentlemen upon this footing could not have been justly regarded, according to the law of nations, as a hostile or unfriendly act towards the United States. Nor, indeed, is it clear that these gentlemen would have been clothed with any powers, or have enjoyed any immunities beyond those accorded to diplomatic agents not officially recognised. It appears to her Majesty's Government to be a necessary and certain deduction from these principles, that the con veyance of public agents of this character from Havana to St. Thomas, on their way to Great Britain and France, and of their credentials or despatches (if any) on board the Trent, was not and could not be a violation of the duties of neutrality on the part of that vessel; and both for that rea son, and also because the destination of these persons and of their despatches was bona fide neutral, it is in the judg ment of her Majesty's Government clear and certain that they were not contraband. The doctrine of contraband has its whole foundation and origin in the principle which is nowhere more accurately explained "than in the following passage of Bynkerahoek. After stating in general terms the duty of impartial neutra lity, he adds :—" Et sane id, quod modo dicebam, non tan tum ratio docet, sed et usus, inter omnes fere gentes recep tus. Quamvis cairn libera sint cum amicorum nostrorum hostibus commercia, usu tamen placuit, ne alterutrum his rebus juvemus, quibus bellum contra amicos nostros in struatur et foveatur. Non licet igitur alterutri advehere ea, quibus in bello gerendo opus habet ; ut aunt tormenta, arma, et quorum prsocipuus in belle usus, miltes. Optimo jure intordictum est, ue quid eorum hostibus subministre mus ; quia his rebus nos ipsi quodammodo videremur amicis nostris bellum facere."¢ _ _ ----- ------ --- The principle of contraband of war is here clearly ex' * Vattel, book iii, cap. 7, s, 118. a pproved by t The Caroline (Chr. Rob , , 461 ) ; cited and Wheaton ("Elements," part iv, cap. 3, sec. 22.) 1 Wheaton : "Elements," part iii., chap. 1, sec. Bynkerelioek " Clucest, Jur, Publ.," lib. 1, cal). 9. CRIMINAL COURT.-(THIS DAY). OLD COURT. (Before the Recorder.) OONCZALMENT OP BIRTH. Mary Garrerd was indicted for concealing tho birth of her infant child. According to the evidence, it appeared that the prisoner resided in the house of st Mr. and Mrs. Hawkes, Winches ter-place, Peckham, and on the evening of the occurrence Mrs. Hawkes saw some spots of blood on the floor about the back kitchen. The prisoner had a wet flannel in her hand, and was wiping up the spots. Mrs. Hawkes asked her if anything bad occurred to her, and she replied she had been taken suddenly ill, but nothing more. Mrs. Hawkes had her suspicions that the prisoner had been recently delivered of a child, and on the return home of her husband she told the circumstances to him. He then wens into the back kitchen, and on taking the lid off the copper, there found the body of the child wrapped up in a gown be longing to the prisoner. Mrs. Hawkes, upon the discovery taking place, went up to the prisoner's room, but she ap. peered to have overheard what had passed, and met her as she was going upstairs. She then asked the prisoner how she could have told her a falsehood when she first saw her in the back kitchen, when she begged that she would not tell anybody what she had discovered, as she would bury or do anything with the body. The prisoner also fell on her knees and implored her not to tell her husband, as he did not know the situation she was in. Information, however, was given of the circumstances, and the prisoner was taken into custody. The Recorder, in summing up, said there was no evidence as to whether the child had been born alive, and the ques tion for the jury to decide was whether the prisoner WIN guilty of such a disposition of the body of the child as amounted to a concealment of the fact that she had been delivered of a child. It appeared very extraordinary that the prisoner should have wished the circumstance to he kept from the knowledge of her husband, and it appeared strange that the husband could have successfully been kept in ignorance of the condition of the prisoner. It had been suggested by the counsel for the defence that the prisoner had suddenly been seized with perturition, and she had merely temporarily placed the body in the copper where it was found, but he was sure they would well weigh the whole circumstances that had been given in evidence before them. After a short deliberation the jury returned a verdict of guilty, but strongly recommended the prisoner to mercy, The Recorder said he would give full effect to the morel ful recommendation of the jury, in which the Court joined. He then sentenced the prisoner to one month's imprison ment. CHARGE OF STEALING TIMBER Two men named Ward and Mixley were indicted for stealing some timber, the property of a person named Hoper ton, a builder, at Plumstead. The jury acquitted Darley and found Ward guilty. The Recorder said nothing affecting the character of Dar ley had been found during the trial. He appeared to have been in the service of Ward, and thought in obeying his orders he was not doing anything wrong. With respect to Ward he appeared to have availed himself of the position he had occupied with respect to Mr. Hoperton. He there fore sentenced him to 12 months' imprisonment, with hard labour. THE EXTRAORDINARY CHARGE OF CONSPIRACY. In the case of Henry David Lloyd, described in the calendar as a dealer, who had been committed for trial by the Lord Mayor, and indicted in this court for unlawfully conspiring, together with other persons and by false pre tences, and obtaining from William Jefferson 149 casks of soda ash, value £749 12s. 6d., with intent to defraud—the grand jury ignored the indictment. CHARGE OF FORGERY. The trial of Wm. Brittan, described as a carpenter, in dicted for forging an order for the payment of £7 with in tent to defraud, and also for obtaining money under false pretences, was fixed for to-morrow afternoon. MURDER. The grand jury have returned a true bill against John Quigley for the wilful murder of Henry Beckett. A true bill has also been returned ugainet Walt3r Crane for felony. NEW COURT. (Before the Common Sergeant.) COINING. Cornelius Barrett and Joseph Golbourn were indicted with having in their possession a mould for the manufac turing of counterfeit coin. From the evidence of Brennan, the officer attached to the Mint, it appears that on the 15th of the present month, from circumstances that had come to his knowledge, he, in company with several officers, proceeded to the residence of the prisoners in Wilmot-place, Flower and Dean-street; and on arriving at the door of their apartments, ho found it barred. He demanded admittance, when he found the first named prisoner sitting in front of the fire, and all the appear ance of coining having been carried on. On attempting to convey the prisoners to the police-court, a violent resistance was made, but ultimately both were secured. The jury found both prisoners guilty. The Common Sergeant sentenced both prisoners to five years' penal servitude. Both had evidently expected a more severe sentence, and before leaving the dock Barrett said, " Thank ye, my lord." POLICE INTELLIGENCE.—(774IB Day.) MARLBOROUGH-STREET. PIOXING ♦ LADY'S POCKET.—John Connett, alias M'Donald, a shoemaker, was charged before Mr. Tyrwhitt with picking the pocket of a lady named Purdy, the wife of Mr. George Purdy, of 21, Southampton-street, Bloomsbury square. Mrs. Caroline Purdy, said she was in Oxford-street the previous afternoon, just outside the Pantheon Bazaar, where there was a large orowd collected, and a groat num ber of carriages. The prisoner pushed against her and the child who was with her, and on looking down she found her pocket turned inside out, and her purse, containing two sovereigns and some silver, was gone. The prisoner ran among the carriages and tried to get away. She cried, " Stop thief," and the prisoner did the same, but a person pursued and captured him. Edwin Stoyer Pearce, of Cirencester-place, proved hear ing a cry of " Stop thief," and capturing the prisoner, wile was trying to escape through the carriages. Fitzgerald, 63 E, proved receiving the prisoner from tho last witness, and the purse from a person who picked it up. Sergeant Glass asked for a remand, which was ordered. AN ABSCONDING ERRAND Boy.—John Hill, a lad in the employ of Messrs. Farring and another, tin ware manu facturers, of Rupert-street, was charged with stealing the sum of £2los. from his employers. The prisoner had the money given him to make a pur chase, and absconded with it. A constable said the boy told him his father and mother hed tempted him to it. Mr. Tyrwhitt asked the boy if he wished to say any thing. The boy said he did not know what to say. He was 17 years of age. He wished the case settled by the magi strate. Prosecutor said he had a character with the boy. Mr. Tyrwhitt committed the prisoner for throe months, remarking that it ought to be six. The Senior Wrangler at Cambridge, Mr. Barker, is a native of Aberdeen, and was educated there. "These hard-headed Scotchmen," says the local Independent, "come up to college as far advanced in their studies as the second year men." The same paper mourns over the tame ness of Friday's proceedings :—" This is degree day for the honour men, but how unlike the degree days of times gono by I Last year was an exception, on account of the pre sence in the senate of the Prince of Wales, but taking the last few years, how completely all interest in the honour list and degree day seems to have passed away I Formerly, both town and university were in a state of excitement for some time previously, and when degree day arrived the senate house was filled with anxious and animated specta tors ; but now very few seems to care about the list, those only who are personally concerned take any interest in it, and the proceedings in the senate attract little more notice than an ordinary congregation. The change is not pleasant, and we believe it is not productive of advantage to the students." GRANITE.--A German savant, Herr Berlepsch, has the following eulogium on granite, which ought to be gratifying to our Aberdeen friends :—" Granite is a sym bolic substance—it, in common with marble, is the historic stone. As among beasts the lion ranks as king, being the representative of noble qualities and physical power —as amongst plants the oak presents a picture of firmness and endurance, of proud contempt of storm and weather—so granite represents all that is unconquerable and unchange able in the kingdom of dead inorganic matter; it is, in the Darrow material sense, a substance of eternal duration," 111 . plained ; and it is impossible that men, or despatches, which do not come within that principle, can in this sence be contraband. The penalty of knowingly carrying con traband of war is, as Mr. Seward states, nothing less than the confiscation oF the ship; but it is impossible that this penalty can Le incurred when the neutral has done no more than employ means usual among nations for maintaining his own proper relations with one of the belligerents. It is of the very essence of the definition of contraband that the articles should have a hostile, and not a neutral, destina tion. " Goods," says Lord Stowell,t going to a neutral port, cannot come under the description of contraband, all goods going there being equally lawful. The rule respect ing contraband," he adds, "as I have always understood it, is that articles must be taken in delicto, in the actual Prosecution of a voyage to an enemy's port." On what just principle can it be contended that a hostile destination is less necessary, or a neutral destination less noxious, for constituting a contraband character in the case of public agents or despatches, than in the case of arms and ammu nition? Mr. Seward seeks to support his conclusion on this point by a reference to the well-nown dictum of Sir Wm. Scott in the case of the Caroline, that "you may stop the Ambas sador of your eneny on his passage; "$ and to another dic tum of the same judge, in the case of the Orozembo, that civil funcionaries, if sent for a purpose intimately con nected with the hostile operations,"¢ may fall under the sa same rule with persons whose employment is directly mili tary. These quotations are, as it seems to her Majesty's Go vernment, irrelevant. The words of Sir W. Scott are, in both cases, applied by Mr. Seward in a sense different from that in which they were used. Sir W. Scott does not say that an Ambassador, sent from a belligerent to a neutral State, may be stopped as contraband while on his passage on board a neutral vessel belonging to that or any other neutral State ; nor that, if he be not contraband, the other belligerent would have any right to stop him on such a voy age. The sole object which Sir Wm. Scott had in view was to explain the extent and limits of the doctrine of the in violability of Ambassadors, in virtu?, of that character ; for he says : " The limits that are assigned to the operations of war against them, by Vattel and other writers upon these sub jects, are, that you may exercise your right of war against them wherever the character of hostility exists. You may stop the Ambassador of your enemy on his passage, but when he has arrived, and has taken upon nim the func tions of his cffice, and has been admitted in his representa tive character, he becomes a sort of middle-man, entitled to peculiar privileges, as set apart for the yrotection of the relations of amity and peace, in maintaining which all nations are in some degree interested." There is certainly nothing in this passage from which an inference can be drawn so totally opposed to the general general tenor of the whole judgment, as that an Ambassa dor proceeding to the country to which he is sent, and on board a neutral vessel belonging to that country, can be stopped on the ground that the conveyance of such an Ambasiador is a breach of neutrality, which it must be if he be contraband of war. Sir W. Scott is here expressing not his own opinion merely, but the doctrine which he con siders to have been laid down by writers of authority upon the evbject. No writer of authority has over suggested that an Ambassador proceeding to a neutral State on board one of its merchant ships iseentraband of war. The only writer named by Sir William Scott is Vattel,* whose words are these : " On peut encore attaquer et arreter ses gens" (i.. , gens de l'ennemi) " partout od on a la libert4 d'exercer des acfes d'hostiliti. Non seulement done on peut justement refurer le passage anx Ministres qu'un ennemi envoye d'autrea Souverains ; on les errete meme, s'ils entrepren nent de passer secratement et sans permission dans les lieux dont on est maitre." And he adds as an example the seizure of a French Am. bassador, when passing through the dominions of Hanover during war between England and France, by the King of England, who was also Sovereign of Hanover. The rule, therefore, to be collected Ltom these authorities is, that you may stop an enemy's Ambassador in any place of which you are yourself the master, or in any other place where you have a right to exercise acts of hostility. Your own territory, or ships of your own country, are places of which you are yourself the master. The enemy's territory or the enemy's ships are places in which you have a right to exercise acts of hostility. Neutral vessels, guilty of no violation of the laws of neutrality, are places where you have no right to exercise acts of hostility. It would be an inversion of the doctrine that Ambassa dors have peculiar privileges to argue that they are less protected than other men, The right conclusion is that an Ambassador sent to a neutral Power is inviolable on the high seas, as well as in neutral waters, while under the protection of the neutral flag. The other dictum of Sir William Scott, in the case of the Orozembo. is even less pertinent to the present question. That related to the case of a neutral ship which, upon the effect of the evidence given on the trial, was held by the Court to have been engaged as an enemy's transport, to convey the enemy's military officers, and some of his civil officers whose duties were intimately connected with mili tary operations, from the enemy's country to one of the enemy's colonies, which was about to be the theatre of those operations, the whole being done under colour of a simu lated neutral destination. But as long as a neutral Govern ment, within whose territories no military operations are carried on, adheres to its profession of neutrality, the duties of civil officers on a mission to that Government and within its territory cannot possibly bo " connected with" any "military operations" in the sense in which those words were used by Sir William Scott, as, indeed, is rendered quite clear by the passages already cited from his ownjudg ment in the case of the Caroline. • Vatel, lib. iv., chap. 7, sec. 85. In connection with this part of the subject it is necessary to notice a remarkable passage in Mr. Seward's note, in which he says, "I assume, in the present case, what, as I read British authorities, is regarded by Great Britain her selfas true maritime law, that the circumstance that the Trent was proceeding from a neutral porf to another neutral port does not modify the right of the belligerent capture." If indeed the immediate and ostensible voyage of the Trent had been to a neutral port, but her ultimate and real desti nation to some port of the enemy, her Majesty's Govern ment might have been better able to understand the refe• rence to Bri , ish atuthorities contained in this passage. It is undoubteely the law as loid down by British authorities, that if the real destination of the vessel be hostile (that is, to the enemy or the enemy's country), it cannot be covered and rendered innocent by a fictitious destination fo o neu tral port. But if the real terminus of the voyage be bone fide in a neutral territory, no English, nor, indeed, as her Majesty's Gavernment believe, any American authority can be found which has ever given countenance to the doc trine that either men or despatches can be subject during ouch a voyage, and on board such a neutral vessel, to bel ligerent capture as contraband of war, Her Majesty's Go vernment regard such g doctrine as wholly• irreconcileable with the true principles of maritime law ; and certainly with those principles as they have been understood in the Courts of this country. It is to be further observed that packets engaged in the postal service, and keeping up the regular and periodical communications between the different countries of Europe and America, and other parts of the world, though in the absence of treaty stipulations they may not be exempted from visit and search in time of war, nor from the penalties of any violation of neutrality, if proved to have been know ingly committed, are still, when sailing in the ordinary and innocent course of their legitimate employment, which con sists in the conveyance of mails and passengers, entitled to peculiar favour and protection from all Governments in whose • service they are engaged. To detain, disturb, or interfere with them, without the very gravest cause, would be an act of a most noxious and injurious chaaacter, not only to a vast number and variety of individual and pri• vate interests, but to the public interests of neutral and friendly Governments. It has been necessary to dwell upon these points in some detail, because they involve principles of the highest im portance, and because if Mr. Seward's arguments were acted upon as sound, the most injurious consequences might follow. For instance, in the present war, according to Mr, Seward's doctrine, any packet ship carrying a Confederate agent from Dover to Calais, or from Calais to Dover, might be captured and carried to New York. In case of a war between Austria and Italy, the conveyance of an Italian Minister or agent might cause the capture of a neutral packet plying between Malta and Marseilles, or between Malta and Gibraltar, the condemnation of the ship at Trieste, and the confinement of the Minister or agent in an Austrian prison. So in the late war between Great Britain and France on the one hand, and Russia on the other, a Russian Minister going from Hamburg to Washington, in an Ame rican ship, might have been brought to Portsmouth, the ship might have been condemned, and the Minister sent to the Tower of London. So also a Confederate vessel of war might capture a Cunard steamer on its way from Halifax les to Liverpool, on the ground of its carry in g despatches from Mr. Seward to Mr. Adams. rinaip asserted In view, therefore, of the errone ous P by Mr. Seward, and the conseq uences they involve, her the yture of an Majesty': Government think it neeicessary to declare that they would not acquiesce in y British merchant ship in circumstances similar to those of the Trent, and thai the fa ct of its being brought before a Pr ize Court, though it wo uld alter the character, would not dimi nwihshichthe wouldgravity ,thereby the be submitted. o f the offense against the law of nation s Having di s posed of the question whether the person s named and their supposed despatches were contraband al war, I am relieved from the necessity of discussing the o ther questions raised by Mr. S eward, namely, whether y a right to s t o p an d searc h th e and their supposed d assuming that he possessed it, was ex ' Trent Capt . Wilkes ort h e s h e had personsil espatces ; w hether him ri in a lawful and p r oper manner ; and whethereriestehd by t right, er h th e a h had a right to capture the persons found on board. The fifth question put by Mr. Seward, namely, whether Captain Wilkes exercised the alleged right of capture in the manner allowed and recognised by the law of nations, is re solved by Mr. Seward himself in the negative. The Imina, 3 Chr. Rob., 167. ':The Caroline; 6 Chr. Rob., 468. It The Orozembo; 6 Chr. Rob., 434. MI I cannot conclude, however, without noticing one very singular pasiage in Mr. Seward's despatch. Mr. Seward asserts that " if the safety of this Union re quired the detention of the captured persons it would be the right and duty of this Government to detain them.' Ht proceeds to say that the waning proportions of the in surrection, and the comparative unimportance of the cap tured persons themselves, forbid him resorting to that de fence. Mr. Seward does not here assert any right founded on international law, however inconvenient or irritating to neu tral nations ; he entirely loses sight of the vast difference which exists between the exercise of an extreme right and the •ommission of an unquestionable wrong. His frankness compels me to be equally open, and to inform him that Great Britain could not have submitted to the perpetration of that wrong, however flourishing might have been the insurrection in the South, and however important the per sons captured might have been. Happily all danger of hostile collision on this subject has been avoided. It is the earnest hope of her Majesty's Go vernment that similar dangers, if they should arise, may be averted by peaceful negotiations conducted in the spirit which befits the organs of two great nations. I request you to read this despatch to Mr. Seward, and give him a copy of it.—l am, &c., (Signed) LORD LYONS TO EARL RUSSELL. RussELL. Washington, Jan. 14, 1862. (Received January 27, 1862.) shiMp'ys Lord, orders, spo da ket y o s ag mr. o, s i e n wa o rd bed o i n en t c h e e t s o ub jyueoctroflottd he plan adopted by this Government of obstructing the en trance to some of the harbours in the Southern States, by sinking vessels, laden wirh stones, in the channels. Mr. Seward observes that it was altogether a mistake to suppose that this plan had been devised with a view to injure the harbours permanently: It was, ho said, simply a temporary military measure adopted to aid the blockade. The Government of the United States, had, last spring, with a navy very little prepared ftr so extensive an operation, undertaken to blockade upwards of 3,000 miles of coast. The Secretary of the Navy had reported that he could atop up the "large holes" by means of his ships, but that he could not stop up the "smi 'Hones." It had been found necessary, therefore, to close soli ine of the numerous small inlets by sinking vessels in the channels. It would be the duty of the Government of the United States to remove all these obstructions as soon as the Uni.i was restored. It was wellunderstood that this was an obli gation incumbent on the Federal Government. At the end of the war with Great Britain that Government had been called upon to remove a vessel which had been sunk in the liar bour of Savannah, and had recognised the obligation. and removed the vessel accordingly. Moreover, the United States were now engaged in a civil war with the South. He was not prepared to say that, as an operation in war, it was unjustifiable to destroy permanently the harbours o the enemy, but nothing of the kind had been done on the present occasion. Vessels had been sunk by the rebels to prevent the access to their ports of the cruisers of the United States. The same measure had been adopted by the United States in order to make the blockade complete. When the war was ended, the removal of all these obstructions would be a mere matter of expense—there would be no great diffi - culty in removing them effectually. Besides, as had already been done in the case of Port Royal, the United States would open better harbour than those which they closed. I asked Mr. Seward whether the principal entrance to Charleston harbour had not been recently closed altogether, by vessels sunk by order of this Government; and I ob served to him that the opening of a new port, 30 or 40 miles off, would hardly console the people of the large town of Charleston for the destruction of their own har bour. Mr. Seward said that the best proof he could give me that the harbour of Charleston had not been rendered inac cessible was, that in spite of the sunken vessels and of the blockading squadrons; a British steamer laden with con traband of war [had just succeededed in getting in.—l have, &c., (Signed) LYONS. LONDON GAZETTE.—(Tho Evening). WAR OFFICE, JAN. 28. foorrTdtehhreeoQffouthieleeonwEhinaastgh : b az gr tm ac e io n u ts sly to p t le h a e se m d o t s o t gi ll v o e orders ßourabi To be an Ordinary Member of the Military Division of the Second Class, or Knights Commanders ; viz.:— Major-General Stuart Corbett, C. 8., Bengal Infantry. To be Ordinary Members of the Military Division of the Third Class, or Companions ; viz.:— Major-General Francis Wheler, Bengal Cuvalry. Colonel John Mac Duff, 74th Regiment. Lieutenant-Colonel John Neptune Sargent,3d Regiment. Lieutenant-Colonel Augustus William Murray, Ist West India Regiment___ - INDIA-OFFICE, JAN. 21. Her Majesty has been pleased to appoint the Right Hon. the Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, K.T., G.C.8., to be her Majesty's Viceroy and Governor-General of India. FOREIGN OFFICE, DEC. 20. The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint W. H. Fodder, Esq., to be her Majesty's Consul at Amoy. DOWNING-STREET, JAN. 26. The Queen has been pleased to appoint William Murray, Esq., to be a Member of the Executive Council of the Island of Barbadoes ; and Howard Lloyd, Esq., to be a Member of the Council of the Island of Domica. WHITEHALL, JAN. 27. The Queen has been pleased to nominate the Rev. R. E. Warner, M.A., to the Perpetual Curacy of Snitterby, in the county and diocese of Lincoln, void by the death of the Rev. Richard Morey• WAR-OFFICE, PALL-MALL, JAN. 28. 2d liggiment of Life Guards—Cornet and Sub-Lieutenant Frederick Trench Townsend to be Lieutenant, by pur chase, vice Thos. Leyland, who retires. Gth Dragoon Guards—Cornet George* Selwyn Marryat! to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Weatherley, promoted in 6th Dragoons: - 6th Dragoons—Capt. George Lake Hedley, from 25th Foot, to be Captain, vice Thos. E. Anderson, who exchanges ; Lieutenant Frederick Augustus Weatherley, from 6th Dragoon Guards, to be Captain, by purchase, vice Thos. Edward Gordon, who retires ; Albert Froom, Gent., to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Stevenson, promoted. Royal Artillery—Surgeon George Pain, from 53d Foot, to be Surgeon, vice Bent, promoted on Staff; Staff-Assis • tent-Surgeon Augustus Patrick Meyers Corbett, M.D., to be Assistant- Surgeon, vice Wright, promoted on Staff. BANKRUPTS. James Malpass, stockbroker, Throgmorton-street William Hunt, greengrocer, Lisson-grove George Hammond, builder, Walworth Arthur Haxworth, Suffolk Coffeehouse, Holborn Joseph West, carpenter, Aldersgate-street Henry Paine, tailor, Strand Joseph Bright, porter, Boston, Lincolnshire Daniel Burfield, shoemaker, Northampton Nathaniel Dear, carpenter, College-grove, Camden-town Charles Bishop, plumber, Bitterne, Hants John Wallis, miller, Pemberry, Kent Robert C. Thorman, plumber, Bromley William Reynolds, liquid carmine manufacturer, South Hackney, Middlesex Thomas Cornelius Hayter, coach builder, Shaftesbury, Dorsetshire Philip B. Rackstraw, fish salesman, Old Kent-road; John Davies, butcher, Homerton John Mogg, grocer, Lower-street, Islington Henry Nash, grocer, Kent-street, Southwark George Tinson, Hackney-road Wm. Beard, tailor, Dover-road W W ri ill g ia h in tso c n eb ß b o e b tr e , A ß ß at ry te an rse t a , -Spealrwko,osdn-prrelayce, Brompton William Lawrence Coldwell , baker, Somers-town, John Menne, mer chant, Bucklersbury J o hn Thos. Gl as scock, corn dealer, Mile-end Thomas Garner, jun., baker, John-st, Blackfriars-road Caleb Soul, perfumer, Queen's-street, Cheapside Nicholas Mould, licensed victuallar, Princess- street % Plaistow Marsh Edwin Heaven, builder, Old Boswell-court, Strand Thomas Wright, bricklayer, Sloane-square James William Beecher, tailor, Brick-lane, Spitalfields Catherine Harman and Wm. Hurlatone, surgical instru ment makers, Robert-street, Waterloo-road Alfred Mundy, dairyman, Gosvell-street Vincent Morris, riding master, Hammersmith Gate Samuel Dennis, carpenter, Rayleigh, Essex John Drew, stationer, Chancery-lane James Chapman, blacksmith, rentw ood, Essex LtJarnes Wallis Pycroft, Queen' s Prison Charles Hennell Wilkinson, Pelham-villas, Brompton plumber, 14, High-street, St. John's jun.,Oliver, ddlese Chaundy and Henry Harris Chaundy, , g b re ak en er, West Shefford, Berks l ea V t jjo t oao le hdinn, d e e f t Boarstall, Buckingham grocer, Old Fish-street, Doctors' Joseph F. Hophmv, schoolmaster, Chigwell, Essex James Adlard, working lithographer, Clapton Geo. Williams, innkeeper, Pembroke Co jA im illiro ons Arß ,_ roki C W in . sproston, fishmonger, Eastehear SCOTCH BANKRUPTS Thomas Meggat, grocer, Auchinleck, Ayrshire John Robertson, merchant, Perth John M'Gregor, horse dealer, Bridgend of Perth COURSE OF EXCHANGE.—Turs DAL Amsterdam Ditto ...... .... Rotterdam .-11 18 11 181 Antwerp - 25 371 25 42 Brussels, - -25 37} 25 421 Hamburgh — 13 7i 13 71 Paris Ditto Marseilles Frankfort on Maine — 14 1 5 18} 1181 Vienna Trieste .. 14 5 14 20 Petersburgh .. — 321 32f Berlin — Madrid Cadiz Leghorn .. 25 5 71 Milan; — 25 55 Genoa — 25 55 Naples Palermo .. 119 Messina — 119 1 Lisbon — 51 Oporto — .52 Foreign Gold in Bars (standard) .... yt Mexican Dollars Silver in Bars (Standard) South American Doubloons .. 48 48 25 21 25 60 25 . 60 1192 120 62 62} £3 17 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 TRIS DAY'S SKIPPING. ----- • day at noonb—Soutb.. breeze and fine weather, but rathev LONDON, Jan. 28.—Wind this ole e you rate don for Halifax, N.S., with alight Westerly udy. ; f r o m m od Jan . 27.—Wind N.E—Arrived—Spartan, FALMOUTIE, steamer, damage to machinery. IN=EI . 14, ;dr 'Kt-;f77,777::: -- • ' • -7 57 %.**, PrAWOWT", /1- --= - , • - _ • - - of to he m i to d: rt id to NI kl