The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1822-01-23 00:00:00

...•'- - " . . ' • . • ''•• • • ....• - .....i. . , . ' 0 ii i,ler 30.71.4.4e4e.. 6 . E . , . ..• /2-7 .... - Aedic - i 7l? v I . . . •• - . . • • ~ . i: •...,.....:., . 0 . i., ob . . .4.... .. ........ .• . ..... . N., • ......,,, ..;:„... si I. ' - ..'• ,_i . ••: LLA. *— .:. • • • fail= l --•-• NtailiEß 5971. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 23, 1822. . ... .........---a---: am au sm • mos IL , r•Aill A 1 MIIIIIII_ I_AM At 11 - 1 1(.17 • 031 C --A •••••r• iirs_...._..___ _s• C • •‘• i viT i. 1...... 1...... ..ir....... A...... 1.-:-.. :-•- ...- --1:-.1..:...1 4 . 1-1 I. Al 17 , • • 6 141 . • Issev.a..a..,•• PP ~. P'Y'r • „ • II At * " 'PtTe 'lo4 t ; 11- A . or, Itriainlfi "Y 1 7.1, '.'f . i 14 I , ".^:91 1 ; • •••,,,t. ••• •••• .••• : • PltiCt Id. TIMATRE-RUYAL, DRONY-LANN. EVENING, WEDNESDAY. Jan. 23. ill - _ . . R - RDS and T:O. 1 2 atea14 - Of SATIN .R. 19. MERINO DAMASK, submit totWathaidetntiai of the Nobility, Gentry, toe. a moat tepee> Calbeetioa 4 as to Variety, Extent, Quality, and Cheapoesa, nob an amen blsge •• never wax area. and front being the original Mum farterent, the Quality cannot be proestred elorwitere. Ai* Tabbarets. Satin !wipe Merinos in every shade of colantr, with etch a Collection of Printed Furniture'', and at such Prices as cannot tail to Flew, either for Drawler-rooms, Parlours, Libraries, Reds, &e. Muttons at 19/1. per pied; phin colour CalierwM for liniogs at Oil ; ell-wide ditto Is,; all warranted fammologsre at Rletiards sad Co.'. ratiribitlow sad Sale Roosts, 99, o;4rd-street, three doors below New. saa•street. -111 lie have been 1 eippeg desire to bring into use eyliedrieal wheels, weenies' lan straight axles, and beating with w gat etrlits or thegrenitd. As experiniciat, however, was tried with such wheels (nine inches Is width)cby gr. Rowell, of Exeter, and the week was so extremely oulliwoorable, that no legislative measure was resorted to, to compel the wee of cylindrical indeed of conical wheel's. An Act, however, pane.' to enable liusieew to reduce the tolls.of iserriages with wheels so constructed; but it does not yippee to have bees mock attended to, or acted upon. it After • careful thluninellon of the different statements on treelike of the kerwasitiow of wheels, year Committee sae auschia'. that the prellevenee so• gemerally given to lAMB of a dished Inv, Is founded spun grounds which • he some illainew, practical end rational ; tied your therefore Perfekt from reenomeudtog the adop. to effect the entire subatitntinti of those of •• arm The rotted' on which they eateries Ilies :a, it woold require • longer slaleanest fulls ex /. 01611; they thlith it desireble to make; and they we. ego& edelhinleiveing to the evolenee • and though *m.ißfflly awilatitampita t tat egilielleosal wheals, were pesticide/4 t 170 likely to affect the suede oa which th ey to yet y east they shall be deemed to have judged rightly, I. absialssieg to 'deist se great as interfere's*. The male defect of the 11th George M. as it affected wheels, was that it attempted far boo such. 110 waggon 'weld be property used which travelled on four miter., sorts battier a Ist surface of sixteen inches ; the de scription of the wheel is the Act, dittoed prevent the use of the liaised or coolest' wheel; sod a wheel of Ibis shape, had It borne daily cre the ground, would have been most iojeri. ens to the rend, ass before pokiest the onlisegnent pro vision. therefore, which permitted the wheel so be so con structed, es to bear only • part of it. merfare, was, in its re. mill, • boned, to all parties, terwghtt amoiented to so entire repeal of the original emacteoet. The Legislature began by %oldie( out a premium for wheel., which it was impossible to being into betweenl use; land it ended by giving the pre. slum to wheels of such a esiserwctiost as it was not des;r. able to have used at all. Your Committee, therefore. do set hesitate to reeweameod, that the abatement of toll for wagger''', with sixteen loch wheel*, shoold be repealed. Tie regulations which effect wheels of the breadth of nits, and six lathes, ere not such es to require env material alteration; it is to be observed, with reined to den, that the objectless. to the eorical forms diminish with the breadth of the wheel ; inasmuch es • dished six-ineb wheel of Ise feet diameter, revolving on a besot axle, would peothiee very Meet, less of that injurious frietiou, which would be intielerable in the brood wheels of less diameter before described ; the provi sion, therefore, that permitted the surface to varfolie inch from flat, is needless to that retest, and may safely and be neficially be reduced to a quarter of as tech. Your Committee have next to advert to the regulations which bear spate wheels of less fine six inches; end it is al. most seedless to punt out, that the swam lib pet them dew* by the increase of toll, has nit succeeded. le bad roads,. and Ivor agriewitural peewee% waggons with narrow wheels must continue he use. The error in the existing law is thie,that all wbeeleuf lees than six inches are treated mike; whereas it is of great impostassar to the wear and tear of roads, that wheels of moderate bres•lth, though of less than six inches, should be briiught into general use. With this view,youe Committee are disposed to recommeed a general perntancal wale of toll adapted to the breadth of wheels, the proportions laid down in which should lie made so operate alike is all trusts sad districts ; it being evident, that if the Legislature esicoseages the constreetiew of carriages of miry peculiar forma, that they ahesld mot be liable to a preference is este distritt,and tiliesialty le another. With this view they recommend, that the toll, payable under any Act fur a car riage an wheels of six inches, aheinld be increased one fourth, if the wheels (lacing leas than six inches) ire not Iraq 'll%ll four wad a half; and on in like meaner au increase of one half more thaw is payable fur six if the wheels (being law than font end • half inches) are nut less than three inches in breech!' ; mid further, as it is more desirable, that no waggon should travel with wheel. of less tweeds'. 'has three indict ; that all such, after a time, should he subject to double toll. These propositioes may, perhaps, be more seedily sees by the fallowing scale lYaegutts of 6-iewb wheels eireseh wheels lid. Ditto.... 3.ilich wheels lid. THE IV4TION 41, DISTRESS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE BRITISH PRESS. anther. This kingdom has a eat tan issmaltar of iihabitaists to support; ample groduee can be raised far all; but as ibiop at present stand, unless the employee, end a market among sash a s themselves, other sairlortlet, the Ishisnr.rs• do net had employineut, shd therefore Deressaiily beams paupers. This is the di(ewlty to be. removal, sad I hate trail** yon with the fortiaiog rarlarks, loonier to spanalate ingnifl into oar national distresses, and if there be auy joetiorea tk my views, to bring the solijeet that amulet ennsiderstion, that we may discover out a maw panialire but a real es.. made. • . Majesty's Servouts will perform (fhb time) a sew Drama (with Mtuic), called •THE PIRATE. The principal Characters by Messrs.Coriper. Peale', Pope, Fitswilliam, Uneasy, Gattie, Harley, Smith, Foote. Viol ialt : ililldwil• Tessris, Miss Cubit*, Miss Tree, mad Mrs. W. West. After which the Comic Drama of THE THREE AN I) THE DECCE. Peregries Single, Mr. Elliston! Perlin,: Stogie, Mr. El liston !! Pereiesi Slagle, Mr. Mutton !!! Jostler Trett, Mr. Gattie ; Mr. Milford, Mr. Foote ; Hamphrq Grizzle, Mr. Harley. Emily, Miss Smithson; Phcebe, tilts. Cahill; Tot als., Wes. Eland. Places to be takes of Mr. Rodeell, in the Roland& of tbe bison of the Theatre. Mr. Hookbem, of lloottetreet, is appoisted sole Agent. at the %Test Rd of she Tow., for the nightly tliorpool of she Private Sows beloagisg to the Lessee of this Thees,. Ilismo, To.; Load Price, Ss. feat —Pit, Ile. W.; thlgood Paw, Its.ssOaßwm, *Li Seessad Nos s la—fir 9111- leen lit.; isisonel Ftlosi, iNt' - • • ' • Tow/erne, Teske Preserved: Janke, Ilfr. Cams; *ate; Mr. Cooper; Selriders, Wise Edmiston (their int appear roses la these Cbselieters)—with Giovanni is Unwise. Os 'May, lie Pirate—Blue Desils—sad The Corals. ties. Os Saturday will be produced a mew Tragedy, called • Owes, Prince of Powys; or, Welsh Feuds. Principal Chs. rollers by Messrs. LION Cooper, Penley, Saroard, Pope, sad Miss Edmistos.—With Paul sod Virginia: Paul, Madame itectrier Virgisie, Miss Posey ; Jaciutha, Miss Cubit.. The Conmatios will be pet formed mice is every week till timber Pollee. January ler/. you seem to like great Interest in the Agrtrol. twat Meetings which are taking place, inverting in /0" Pa per very full reports of (heir luoeeedbica , allow we to ad dress • few remarls tu the Gentlemen wou take Da active part is those prueeediags. every person who is in the wry of and who is die. posed to @fluid to the punkt, of the day, mast be aware that the great {Mew/1m ap the country cousin.. in the immense sem which oar Ithoteenniont auurally replier* for the psysneat or its eoutratted debts; the great number of unemployed poor, the support of whom is again, u soother abstracted debt, to 00 paid ainually ; and lb* diiiiitlysiitage areasioued to our foi eign emeimerre by these double debts. Within them three aoatteit of enibarramment there Is an. other, Mad a us email sn., aridieg from the immediate oppo wised briefest, between the aeri,uttnnat, and lbw fulmar mid istrehatit • fur Ottani buitter Into tka millinet, atumOseteur met leuesdisieftgtbil4oPen . limas/ Orb .wed amble them le Areal Ad/ wilelf•ltnnele 'beater, and procure • better market for tbeirkgarsidii. •hile the ugtieulterisi is sensible that reek as event would ; in a twelvemonth, ruin half the farmers in the kingdom. Ts remedy these evil., some Gemilemen talk indistinctly about the operation and rhawge of our currency ; oilier. about the national repreartitat ton ; and others. again about taxation. I should like to hear any one of them slate ex plicitly to the public, how list change of currency operates tu increase the load of debt and pauperism we are bending /Nader, and bow stay (lunge of national reprint...lotion could remove altogether front the shudders of the militia its heavy taxation. Sock an exposition *mold prove 011ie very great est Ilse to all per Hes is every roomer of the kingdom, as I am sure that no one now dusky the ity of relief, though I 'aspect few thisk they with certainty perceive whence or bow it is to come. Were Parliament, constituted as it is at present, to take the 'deice of she Reformers, and act from the most disinterested motive., I suppose all would grant that relief, if any way attaioable, might thee be found with out any change in the manner of choosing its member.. la such a rase, the only inquiry necessary would be, how are the farmers and merehaats to obtain • fair profit ? and how ars the taxes, poor rates, and national debt, to be reduced Another question might arise out of these, tumefy, would the farisei a and mei chants obtain • profit, were there no BIC. liusal debt, no poor rates, and few taxes? Bust 1 think the whole iiscimry may be resolved into the questions—What be. comes of the taxes ? What cause!' pauperism' and What is the real mature of the national debt ? Snell being my intention, Mr. Editor, in addressing 3 1 .6:, I.lmie eon will Soil it ronvenient.to flannel my conionakuri4 tion,-1 on, Sir, rat obeilient Seri-nut, A LANDEn PROPRIETOR Al)fsl FUADHOLDES. CHARACTER of GEORGE the THIRD. [Eitrsrt front " Aggeriel Regi►ter" for 11110, Jose rtblidard, ►y Messrs. fininytes.l The opening of the year 1890 was distinguished by the terrniiiation of the longest and most memo rable reign in our annals. George the Third died full of years and glory•; mid, though a lengthened period of suffering and perm:trial humiliation had lotterly abstracted him froni his government and his people, they did not less feel the shock of text filed stroke whieh separated them for ever from a King whom they loved as @father. No English Sovereign ever better deserved, of more fully enjoyed, the atittelithent and veneration of his subjects. It would be useless to eute► upon soy detail of his many virtues; they have become too familiar to the people, to whose happiness they so essentially coutributed, to render any such re cord other than superfluous. His consisteacy, his sincerity, his perfect simplicity, his gentleness to those about him ; his firmness of principle and purpose, approaching as it might sometimes seem to pertinacity; his conscientious regard for the rights of his subjects; his sedulous cultivation in the highest station of the humblest domestic vi►- tun; the exemplary regularity of his habits; the spo.lese purity of his bfe; above all, his deep, fer vent, unaffected piety, v:Lich, without harshness or fanaticism, pervaded and directed every act of his life; the praise of thew the most inveterate parti sans of faction have hardly ventured to deny hint; and they compose a character which, fonnd in any rank, we might pronounce rare and beautiful, but which, when we meet with it oo the throne, pre• serving its purity and proportions amid all the teruptasions incident to that arduous elevation, we do not hesitate to affirm becomes great, and we might even my original. There is no station so humble, no circle so re stricted. it. which the virtues of the geed mow will not prove eminently woeful; in proportion, how ever, us the post we occupy is conspicuous and in fluestial, the sphere of their operations is of course enlarged. The personal character of the Monarch can never, therefore, be a matter of indifference ; the example afforded by the late King would at any period have been extensively beneficial; bet its coincidence with the crisis during which he reigned, may be said to have beets absolutely provi dential. In too many in►tances the fascination of the throne has been sufficient to throw a veil of far titian, splendour over the vices of those who occu pied it. It might almost seem tbat formerly Princes were coosidered as exempted, in some mea sure, from the obligation of those duties of de cency end morality by which the vulgar were bound. But it was the fate of George the Third to reign at a time when men's minds we carried to a contrary extreme; when station and rank were viewed with s jealous scrutiny by the multitude, and were so far from affording a protection to the Amities of their possessors, that men sought rather in thole failings a pretext foe the demolition of the invidious distinctions themselves. Under these cir- THRATRIII•ROYAL, COY EftirOARDSN. T HIS EVENING, WEDNESDAY, Jan. 23, .ill be meted THE BEGGAR'S OPERA. Capt. Madan* Miss H•lla•A• ; Prat-hum Mr. Blanch ; lackit. Mr. Emery. Mrs. Pearhuse, Mt.. Davenport; Lucy, Mrs. Lissom; Polly, Miss Stephens. After which, Ilse time, a new Entertainment. ellled THE TWO PAGES OF FREDERICK THE GREAT. The Principal Characters by Mr. W. Farrell, Mrs. Chat. wiry, Miss nom, Mr. Fawcett, Mrs. Fancit, Miss Lune, Mrs. Gibbs. and Mrs. Yiniog. To macho& with (1611 time), a new Pantomime, called HAtLEQUIN AM) MOTHER BUNCH; Or. THE YELLOW DWARF. Xing of the Cold Mines Oa rterwardv Harlequin), Mr. Ella:; Gwioes Pig (afterwards Harlegain's Larquey), Mr. I. S. Gri maldi; Mother lunch (the Desert Fairy), Master Lung horst ; Yellow Dwarf (afterwards Clown), Mr. Grimaldi. The Princess Alt-Fair taherwaids Colsombisie), Miss E. Den. sets ; tie Queen of Golconda (afterwards Pantaloon), Mr. Ramos.. A Private Boa may bc had for the salsas, or nightly, of Mr. Brandon, at the Boa•Olbce. Boxes, 7s. ; Secosd Price, 5a.1141..--Pit, 30. 6d. ; Second Price, 2s.—fialterr. 246 Second Prier, h.—Upper Gal. key, Is.; Second Pries, Od. kisileguis sail Mother Bunch will he repeated every Kersiog. • 'lo.lsorrow, Romeo and Juliet : Romeo. Mr. Maeready; It (her int Oppihrariet risi this stove). ‘1" Priday, TM Two Geotlenses of Verona. Us &usually, The Tempest : Prospero, Mr. Young; Miss Stephens; Miranda, Mille Hallsade ; Arid, Miss M . Tr re. Monday, a favourite Tragedy. On Tuesday, the Oven of The Exile. T. JAMES'S ROYAL SUBSCRIPTION 4,7 LIBRARY.—W. SANS, Bookseller to his Royal Hies. sem the Dubs of York, most respectfully submits to the No bility am) Gentry the following Terms of Subscription to his CIRCULATING LIBRARY, No. I, St..lames'astreet, op posite the Palates : Subscribers payiog 51. be. the Year; St 9s. the Half Year; or 11 16s. per Quarter, are allowed 12 Volumes in Town. or 14 in the Country ; and ere entitled to the newest and most expensive Worba in the Library. Di11e.... narrow whrela..... It is further recommended by your Committer. that some small abatement of 101 l should be made generally in f of cylindrical wheels. of six inches and upwards. Having proposed in this mintier to alter the regulation, respecting wheels, they recommend only that a slight In crease should he insd+ to the respective weights which are permitted bribe statute. 'llte somber of horses permitted to draw the respective carriages dot. Hut appear to require alteration. _ . Subscribers mayissit 4L 4s. the Year; S 1 121. 6it. the Half Vier; or 1/. I Is. ed. perthisrter, are emitted to S Volume. in insru, or 16 in the Country, inclisdiug new Publications to the octavo or duodecimo sizes. Snlmeriben paying 31. 3.. the Year; 2/. 2.. the Half Year; or 11. So the Quarter, ■re allowed 6 Volumes is Tows,, and 12 is the Country, but are nor emitted to the immediate ite. r, Al of new Works. Families 'toying in Town for a few days eon be aceommo rimed wills Oar perusal of Works by fragile' a deposit of the 'sine of the Books.—N.R. No Extra Class. Visiting Cards 'wooly Eagraved. N.B. A Variety of Christen., Presents, Pocket-Books, Curt Calealiar, Ateitassorks. &e. Opna Boxes by the Night or Samos. TO BE SOLD BY AUCTION, By Mr. EVANS. At his noose. No. 93, Poll-mall, THIS DAY, WEDNES DAY. Janeary 23, and TO-MORROW, APORTION of the LIBRARY of JOHN BLACK Br 11N. E•q. remnyed from his arm is Hoop 'hoe: intlntlant enintlen't ilataussia, by Outsell. 3 vols. is riegain; Heated'. Krug. 4 v 01..; Montrautusen 7 ; kwsahal. Chriiincle.i. 9 vol.. In rwiais; Harttiasi Mie v.lisny, by Mark. 111 vol is Tustin; Rims loss sod Brayley's Ileailios. of bo t lmud and 11 - a1.., 27 yak. large paper, •ith above SOO aablialon‘l 1 1 1411ra ; Amiss' Kreisky, 61 ruin.; PM'. 11..mitielary History sod Debistes., IT? vidi. ; Universal His ". 7. 63 v.. 1..; Kitson aid Tindal's History of England, 24 ; carmen CNhesios of Tram sin the Bother Qlses i,..ts, 17 role.; a swots extensive Collertarn of Team on lb. bench Revulistius, 42 lull. ke. ke. 1 0 k TO THE PUBLIC. 61S11 Itari,lK oderrtienl the scheme of the ■ • Stair Lottery et !mirth, begs leave to enbasit to hie h -•t Encode, the Public, its principal &stores, alai looks to a very category' nil", as it appear■ to be aoi • rola, approved. Ii etrionie of waly 20,000 Tickers, to be ▪ in Four Dem it begins 26th of NEXT MONTH (February). There ire Five 00,000 Monty Prizes There are Seventy other Mosey Cvpitals. none on 6,610 other Mosey Prise,. There ire not Two B sake to Oat Prin. There are not soy Clain's. Every Ticket will be drawn stoey, Each Ticket dre.dys It, owe Fem. sad so other. There are £200,000 all Moor, Prises. The very list Prize dravni cart be r 20,000 Mersey. Needy !bother Capitals way be expected First Day. Zekele arad Shafer are *elfin by BIS" , 4, C4r44 ' 1l and 9, Chasiatcroas, Laisdaa; and by his Agoutis in the Country '•a Io the prraret (Amery there sea 75 Capitals, being erielderahly some *as doable the number she I.•t cootaimed, .4 sh•t pusorosed oily 33—wt of which DISH shared aosl •vtd "srty half, aa he eel Isra Agents distributed tie less Ihou F•rteea!" ! ••' 1 he Priced leedrata eased beady against DISH'S Cosabill, by *bid' the Public say see as., TURNPIKE !WADS AND HIGHWAYS IN ENGLAND AND WALES. [Ordered by. the House of Commons to be "rioted.] ' REPORT. flread Commit*tt sparainted to fake Inge eameasleftelos tho Acts bow is .(sine. scomsding Tempi* Roods and Nigliwaye is Ewirlood and Wales, and the expediency of adstftiosal Regelariors fur their better Repair and Preset ratios, and to report their Otterrvations thereupon from tone to time to the House, have agreed to the following Report :. The Committee, on their Ant assembly, applied lbesteelver to the preparation and arrangement of • Rill, which had for its object the consolidation of the different trusts ia the neighbourhood of [fondue, which Bill in the early part of the Session they submitted to the consideratios of the House. On the expediency (indeed of the ultimate arcessity) of pro viding some legislative remedy fur the more elEcinit and more ecuaninical appliration of the Immense which is collected from the public, on the roads immediately round London, your Committee still entering no doubt whatever; a mulsiplirity of reels, encumbered with numerous trustees, competitor, agnatet each other in the inerket fur road ma terials, and without any combined or scietiolle system of management, cannot, in the opinion of your Goomittee,cf. feet in the most desirable manner the object for which the present henry tolls are raised upon the public. Your Committee were nevertheless aware, that suy measure would meet with strong resistauce, which proposed in a greater or less degree to change Ibe disisibutioa of the urge re now applied to maintaiet Ike roads is question; and were not surprised to And, that all the Krises conceived in the prevent expenditure, were strongly indisposed to the change. Yew. Committee are urverthelnis persuaded, that the grounds en which the measure was proposed were in some de. gree misrepresented ; said they beg leave, thertforeolistinctly to disavow the wish imputed to them, off iag or palm itin* a 'ornerier iodividral, which (however highly they may think of his simple and srientific modes of road manage. meet), was not a part of their object ; still leas world they be thought desirous of conveying any censure urns the gentle mos who, in the different districts, discharge the gratuitous oilers of trustees; they have so wants to impugn either the ant or the fidelity with which their respective duties are dis charged; it is to the system, which has put both the trusts and the trusters in a situation with respect to each other, which render, them an imperfect executive body, that your Committee have addressed their proposed remedies. Your Committee also proceeded to new model • 8.11 which had been submitted to the House is the last Session for the amendment mid eonsolidstion of portal Turnpike Attn. * which they foiled it desirable to mate eseetrial al. eloationo. The Ad of 13th Geo. 111., though in some degree altered esbeequest public, and more ur tem affrcred by minty private Acts, in still the basis of general laws ow that sub ject; the existing system of wheel carnage., regulated as it is in respect to breadth of wheels, the weight to be carried, and the number of horses drawing, is founded mainly upon this Art ; and though a considerable part of the origival object of the Act is effected, yet it has failed is effecting the whole of whet was evidently isteeded. There seems to have been en idea, that carte-and waggons could be so constructed, as to repair rather than wear out the roads on which they travelled, and it was the object of this Act to convert wheels into rollers, by which it was thouglit roads could be levelled and cousolidisted; with this view it was provided, that • waggon with wheels which rolled • surface of sixteen inches on each side, should pass toll-free for live years, mind afterwards at one.half the toll paid fur a wssgon us the six-inels wheels. This exemption was applied, sot only to waggons of the mold construction, in which the hind follow the fore wheels (ell of them being of a similar breadth) ; bet to such as ',s teal was the idea of rolling carried, that the exemption wee extended to s errieees the wheels of which though DO more than nine inches, were to be so placed as to roll a surface of sixiees inches sin each side, the hind wheel following is a different track from the fore. Carriages of this latter de scription were brought into lase, but the entire indent. witty from toll for so long a period slid actually bring into existence cumbrous ettachinea us, wheels of the vast breadth of eighteen inches ; these wheels, however, were any those toot rollers ; they were constroctediss cones, not as cylinders, and ignited of beiug flat, as was designed by the Act ofl3th Geo. 111.,stberepient Adis sot only repealed the proviso fur couatersiskiag she nails, but ale.. permitted the surface of the wheels to deviate one ineli from • flat or level beariag. The total result then was, that • conical wheel had its stir- ' face (remelt, with projecting nails) formed into the segment of a circle, so that ow a hard level road a small portion only bore upon the grouad. lia troth, it was not at all to be de , sired, that in its nautical form a larger portion of the wheel should have borne no liba road ; for the twistieg friction of the larger periphery of the wheel, would thee have crushed and dislocated the materials of the road in a still greater de gree. These cumbrous wheels, however, have been gradually discouniesested, and are so far gone oat of use, that a very few only are sow dragged out of London ; wheels of nine inches wow generally prevail in the carriers wawa,. Har ing provided for the entssorsgesseat of sixteen-inch wheels lest by temporary esemption from all toll, and thee by per. must abatement*, *mohair from the toll paid fee waggons with wheels of six or aloe locker, the Act neat provided such a penalty as all narrow wheels (that is to my, of • less breadth than six inches) as was doubtless intended to put them oat of wee ; they were to pay as additional toll amounting to notolialf sore Iltaa the toll paid for waggoss with wheels of six inches; and the total practical result ap pears to have been, that s wheel professedly of sixteen inches, though hearing °sly on four inches, would pay three.pene e on each horse ; whea a wheel which bore on • fist ferrate of Ave inches and three quarters, would have paid nine-pence. The obvious imperfections of mach • system as this, led your Cominiete to cousider of the best remedies which could be provided; and they have to lamest, that in this, as in all similar installers, where Ms talploper system has been forced into action by legislative emulate's, sant it has become habitual, there is conaiderablc dialcalties In at once effect. log the desirable change. Wish a view, however, to &seer tsin what change it was desirable to recommend, your Com mittee railed before them several persons competent to give them informatics open the objects of their sequiry; sod Ili* 'mold have proceeded further in this course, had they sot found it to be seedless, as the House is already in pos session of • great maw of materials bearieg epos these sub jects, successively reported to the Horse, from a Committee appointed to cossider of the Acts relating to roads and bread wheels, is 1908, and in succeeding years. A valuable digest of the voluminous matter consaired in thew Reports, was afterwards published by lie late Mr. Edgewath, to which also yore Connitteeeeferred. The main result of the pre vious inquiry of shot Committee appears to have been, a complete exposure of the imperfections of the system which brought law use the broad conical wheel, sad there seems They cannot. however, emit noticing a dyne which makes it penal to drier homes a pairs with narrow-wheeled wag gons, which it is highly expedient to repeal; as far as the roads are concerned to it. It i■ most desirable, that homes 61101111 i not follow each other io wrier!, the same track ; and in all other respects it iv certain, that horses in paint are more efficient and more conveniently managed then when at length. A deftription of carriage. called caravans Las come much into nee, which are enabled to travel quickly with heavy loads of goods, by the great mechauical ■dtaotsge de rived from placing the whole weight upon springs. These carriages are now liable to the increase of toll proftidid ►y the 13th of George 111, fur all carriages with narrower wheels than six inches, which are not expressly exempted from the operation of the Act; and your Committee only mention them fur the purpose of paying, that they should coutisue precisely on the same footieg, as far as toll is coucerned ; and aise, that they should, at all times, continue to be free from any check or limit respectiog weights, the injurious effect of which, iu great measure, is dose away by the elms tieity of 'Triage. Ou this bead your Committee beg leave to refer to a document in the Appendix, and also the work of Mr. Edgeworth. There is nothing which can he done relative to the eon. atruction or modes of drawing, which can avail much towards the main object of the improvement of road.; it is by the judicious, scientific. and ecorsontienl application of the Trust Funds that this object can alusse be effected.. With a view of the latter. your Committee have endeavoured to provide • regular mode of annually *editing the accounts, shirk io ewer trusts they and have been greatly neglected. Other objects it is more difficult to remedy by legislative provi sion; seek as the careless and negligent application of the Trust Fends, through the hands of pariah or other ignorant surveyors, who are apt to employ the most inefficient work men, and thus reader the mosey raised for the roads a sort of ancillary to the poor rates. Your Committee have now to refer to the returns made under the Act of last Session, which, having bees carefully arranged and minima, are sow sebsltted to the House, in such a form as to be easily Intelligible : Whew it is semi the total amount of mosey, levied under the authority of Turnpike Acts in England slate, is 070,8161.; that the debt on these tolls it 3,874,256/., and the balance in Treaders?. hands is 174,0001., and the arrears of interest o• abet debt 337,1701., your Committee feel fully persuaded, that the Gomm will continue to apply • diligent and ',trefoil exa mination of application and management of so extensile and powerful • system. July 10fh, 11121. Near 25,000/. are rsioed in Scotland towards erecting a Nati' nil Monument there to commemo rate the events of the late war ; the building is to he a copy of the Parthenon of Athena, and to he erected on the Calton Hill, from the resemblance it bears to the Acropolis of Athens. "'Or -L y. !. _ With as vision' wish to assist this inquiry, I will shortly state what I estari.ler to be something of en answer to those "'yellows, which, however incorrect, may at least lead some better infonne.l persou to explain their Nature avid ors/sties. The taxes which are moonily collected, appear to my stied to be composed of a cerisio queasily of food and clothiwg, drawn from the various classes of society, sot ex actly is the goods themselves, butts their representative to the full 'mouse, sleety. This money or goods feeds the col lectors, On whole machinery of Government, and all who, haling lent their capital, now live opus its iolerest, forming together 'total of some millions of individiesh. What they dowel consume or employ themselves. they give or lead to others, thus supporting soother great body of oar population. Take from the taxes, and you out sally impoverish the dhoti receivers of shat moor,. but you dielwalehe them from lee& ing to other,, ue employing those 'whop Ow derive thee( sop. poet tbroostirtheie ossows. I esuset for a moans amp's* that the weereey which is actually paid all over the kisgdost to the tas.gathevers la gold, silver, copper, or bask metes, ceases biotin-elate as sous as it gels este their hands, and if, as it mast be evident to all, it centimetre to circulate, its very circulation must soonest a aneher of persons is proportion to its 'steam. TIN■ member resets be very small, she. it bee to do with the positive sum of Arty or sixty minims@ steeling, yearly collected and yearly song again. From these consideration., it sppean that a reduction orlaxatiou would nut only change the course of meaning, but for a time impoverish wait 'umbers of the people. This sato trolly brings us to the second question, vit.—Whet MUM pasts rise ? 1(11 be true that the majority of oar people depesol on the labour of their baud, fur their daily bread, must it not follow sea natal?, consequence, that their sopped, like their employment, must rest opus the market that is found for the produce of their labour. Are they sot maintained by the wages which they receive, and are out their employers enabled to pay them just i• properties to the roll* they derive If such be the case, eon we suppose that those em ployers, who • few years back were able from the work of these same labourers to eopply minima with food, clothing, luxuries, sod article: of waste Red rapine, and to insistent *Own is greet aloondesee who sow live on almost nothing; can we supproe, I say, that those employers sot lledifig the same defused, can support the people who live by their labour? No: the fact *hews that they 01141004 for MOW they hive move produce in all quarters shoe they can sell, and, therefore, not being able he employ labourers with pro fit, they leave them to be paupers. And this is the metes. vary resell of a state of ibises where the majority live upon the employment give* them by the nebsority, and where this minority possess the knowledge sod moon of producing more than it ea* find a market foe within its owe littleeirele. Foe I would ask, what can procure the workman his Wend if he Lad mot employment?—what will iodate the employ_ to give work to the labourer, if be led not a profitable mar ket?—aid where is he to look for an ultimate and Portals market, but eniuNg thine who are capable of Owns( employ sent, that is, of speeding mosey? But this capability so looter exists. The minority are amply supplied every where, sad are only looking out how they Atoll digress of their aerobes, is order to be able to employ the poor to create more. This surplus, however, they coma dispose of at home, for among themselves they have notegh, sad their work-people are too poor to bey it of them, and other nations are its the same state. The truth is, that whea tbe minority posses abundance, the majority fall into want, for it is only starchy among the employers which gives work so the 'Amnion classes, and it is only this work which supplies the latter with mosey to purchase what they have already been producing. Do you thee *oppose that the dlfficaNies of the country are to be removed by reducing tensing, sod thus throwing ion poverty • long chain Sr active individuals, who have seen much of the world, and who are little fitted to spend their time quietly starving in sloth aniLidisoops? Is it pot clear that such a step would only remove the hordes from the shoulders of one part of our popelatios, equally ens tithed to bee, unto these of assurer, increasing trouble of every sort by the cheap? This brings me to the third goes ties, via. What it the real smote of the mations' debt ? and II anew it will be found that every farthing that is given to pay its interest is necessarily the support of • large proper- lion of our population. The national debt may be likened to • barren island, risen hone the ass sod joined on to Great Britain, having a greet quantity of the fertile soil of the latter spread over it, lies diminishing the fertility of the see to add to that of the ether. Over them two Wesel, the population of the nee is at length spread, being staistaiord as mach is proportion by the one as by the other. Wert we sew le sink the an. lionst debt island, that part of our population which 'oboists apes it wooed he overwhelmed is destroctios, while the, asaibilsiion or the trade and c.aaseems, which Goat Britain eajoys daring its existeoce, would half rein the rentsiong part of the wanes. It is Itssa dew to me that anther re dectios of taxation, nos dinainialsiag the inbreed of the so. those, debt, strikes at the root of the evil. We have bees too long going so in our peseust poems to alive of mesh mestere., for all clamors. sea psosiese of pepelatissi bang out on the tither, and redskin ie w petal mien 46 - i-. - cunistances of popular distemper. it is not too much to say that the Monarchy demanded all the aid derivable from the personal respectability of the Prince to bear op against the hostility of the politi cal fanaticism of the age; and the genius of a Philip or Octavius might have proved less efficacious for the 'ideation of the Constitution, then the simple light of that perfect exemplar of private virtue, with which our late King illumined, and, as it were, consecrated the crown he wore. Respecting this portion of his character, there will be, we believe, little difference of opinion. In estimating the features of his mind we have hardly the same materials or opportunities for form ing an accurate judgment ; sod. to say the truth. this consideration is of very secondary importance. We do not know whether the occurrence of extraor dinary talents and energy in the Sovereign wonkt not iii our state be rather incoovertient than useful. The powers of the late King's mind were not per. haps of whist is considered the highest order, hut he was confessedly endowed with a sound, vigorous. practical understanding, which commonly led hint right in his judgment of men and things ; and often, perhaps, as far tos ordinary affairs were con cerned, to conelistions mere accurate sold .6 re !hilts might have been arrived-at by intellects of "s finer temper. la his application to business he was re gular and steady ; sod the report~s of all those at all qualified to judge agree in affirming that he stwisyA betrayed an intelligence perfectly competent - to the proper comprehensioo of the 'objects which were submitted to his consideration. Ilia education hart been rather neglected ; and his reading w a s s a ppos. ed to be neither extensive nor systematic ; but he was far from deficient in information. He hareculti. rated a habit of continual inquiry in his intercourse with others ;- an intercourse, we may observe, which from hie general frankness of diepesition, included a much grader variety of classes than. ° B i g ot h a v e been expected ; and is the course of this,..his mind, aided by his natural acutetiess'of observation, and an uncommon retention of memory, had acquired • mass of various awl useful knowledge, such as perhaps has been posvessed by few • persons in his statism, cud which, from its practical nature, and 000nestiou with men as they netwelly exist, was, perhaps, of all others, the kind of information that . _ w.of I•daft•-.• U