The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1822-12-23 00:00:00

JIBMIRES ON THE PARLIAMENTARY HI: TORY OF GREAT BRITAIN. [Liana tux 111.0.14 from the hasty sketch which nialielfrawn of the state of property, and of the condition of the great legislative assembly at the commencement of the Nor man ars, it appears that three separate parties shared the entire administration of public affairs. These, were the King, the Barons, and the Clergy; the mass of the population being reduced to reset vassalage. • Although the Conqueror was a prince of congas; mate prudence, and had given extraordinary proofs of vigilance and address in curbing the refractory Bare, of Normandy, he found difficulty in exacting the same obedience from his new subjects. He had not only to repress all popular insurrections and to guard against the designs of the English Nobility, who bore with im patience the Norman yoke, but he had also to contend with the insolence of the Barons, and the encroach ments of the Clergy. The Barons, haughty, powerful and intractable — the Clergy, proud, intriguing and ambitious —strug gled to emancipate themselves from all restraint, and establish an exclusive and uncontroled dominion. Their mutual jealousies involved the country in anar chy and confusion. After many years of violent coa ti ntion, their resources were exhausted ; and the people, gradually rising into importance, availed themselves of the weakness of their oppressors, and ultimately reduced both parties under their control. In order to obtain an accurate and comprehensive view of the downfal of the Baronial and Ecclesiasti cal power, and of the progressive advances of the Commons, it is necessary to be acquainted with tbi state of parties at the introduction of the feudal te nures, and to proceed, step by step, through the site. ceeding reigns to the forty-ninth of Henry the Third. ..- In this letter, I shall endeavour to point out the sources from which the competitors drew their strength, and to explain the causes which contributed to the success or defeat of their respective operations. The power of the King consisted in an enormous independent revenue. He possessed, as I have already remarked, lands in every c ounty of England, except , "flhropshire. From these estates, consisting of 1,422 sione)Mi. be drew a considerable revenue ; and in ad elm 'is the stated rents, talliages were frequerilt 1.44 iii idiom who lived within the Royal denseenee . As to theliklers,these were due by the soccage vas sals of the theme ; who, besides their constant iwawal rent, were bound to perform various kinds of manual la bour. Scutage cannot properly be called a tax: it WO " Servility* sorb," that is, a pecuniary composition paid by the crown vassals, in lieu of military service. This composition was wholly voluntary on the part of deo vassal ; for if the superior Lord had attempted to sit. tort more than a fair equivalent, it was always in the power of the tenant, by discharging in person the du ties of his tenure, to avoid the commutation al together. The numerous and expensive wars is which the Conqueror was engaged rendered it ne cessary for him to raise extraordinary supplies, and all the old chroniclers agree in accusing him of the most oppressive smodons. Now, as there is no ' bistorical doensoik octant, from which it can be ' inferred thatlialilik. on any single occasion, re quired the conierience of the Great Council in levy kw taxes, Itevi dent that the royal prerog ative was 3*.c... • so and tmcontrouled, while the people were re -1" ' educed' to plunder and spoliation. The treasury of Ise the Kin was continually replenished by escheats and ..:- forkiwww, fines, amerciaments, primer seisin, and 1`!;111110iiidao extortions which flowed from the feudal I : ~" moo, In addition to these vast resources, the r . "Sig preserved in his own hand the whole executive ', - 1.4 judicial authority ; and as jestice was publicly '''''. *ought andung. no suitor who had a bad cause, ever :.. entered thS'Couit without bringing a seasonable pre, seat to the Sovereign, for if he was net outbid by hi. t't' competitor, he was certain of obtaining a favourable 'l 7 verdict. It will be remembered that in time of e. the an tenants in eapite were bound to assist the King with their vassals, all armed and equipped, for a po triad of forty days ; sad as military enterprises were usually, in those days, terminated within that time, there was scarcely any drawback on the royal re venues. As to their total amount, it is difficult, if not impossible, to decide. An ancient historian his estimated the rental of the treasury at 400.000 wirowaa, which, considering the difference in the :die of money, would amount to ten millions of the ewe ; eency sif the present day. a sum which Mr. Huai fOb jeCtel as utterly incredible. It is certain, hoireves t ilia the Conqueror left at his death 60,000 posse. ir . . M* lie -.value to Mae hundred thousand pomade --r 4 ou r aumacy, which authenticated fact is sift s : dent of Iturelf to prove, that he possessed very , . considerable resources. From this survey of the Regal powers, I conclude that the King was abso lately despotic, and if any one doubt the truth ofl this opinion, let him reflect on these two points :—first, that William levied money of his own free will—and 1 - the 1 444 • 1 F s . gi P IR ' 7 E° 1.! lie '. '' secondly, that he derived pecuniary profit from . . ': . administration of justice. If these two facts should 4 ' • not be sufficient, let the reader call to mind the a:- 0 " • " 11 . istence of the forest laws. Can it be contended that 7cir.. • .. a Sovereign, who, in order to gratify his own pro pensities, ravaged with implutity a district of thirty, miles-4spelled the inhabitants from their possessions, .., without indemnification—levelled their dwellings with ''' the ground, and converted a flourishing territory into -t a desert:--can it be contended that such a Sovereign itsi.... le. • •. , was in any degree limited in the esertiemnaVbis pet' 11-':11..:' ' il tre i r '.. . 1 * POceed to examine the nature and enbist • t ' 4 . • irlbiliwanial power.- •Theripssesas who were. con -416 '' . *lndalllO the legislative assembly during the iggigin4. dynasty, are described by the various appellation d " Magnates," " Proceres," and " Barones." In some writs of summons all these words are em- 4 , . .-. Light be and the c ptoyeu ; rn num., , also designated as " Traentes per Itarewayiam, as throe "bolding by Barony." The term, however, most frequently employed is " Barones," and appears to have been the most comprehensive. It has been , warmly disputed whether the persons described under these various appellations, were or were not co-equal in dignity ; and, though the greatest ingenuity, and the most laborious research have been exercised on this question, it appears impossible to adopt any hy pothesis wholly free from objection. I readily confess my inability to perceive any distinction, and must refer my readers, who are anxious of further infor mation, to the theories and conjectures of those better skilled in the controversy. I have estimated the numbers of the great Legisla- 1 tive Assembly at 605, of which 140 were Ecclesiastics. Consequently the Temporal Barons amounted to 46.5. It is evident that the aurhority of these Crown vassals must have been great, in proportion to the smallness of their numbers, and the extent of their property. Though the destruction of alludial proprietorship, and the establishment of the military tenures, had re duced these powerful chieftains to a state of de pendence on their Sovereign, their power was in fact but little impaired. Their estates, it is true, were liable to forfeiture, and many other hardships unknown to the Saxon law, but they retained in reality all that influence which must accompany the possession of landed estates. Within his own demesnes, each .13area ruled with absolute sway. He had the power of holding a judicial tribunal to determine all matters in litigation pending between his own vassals. In this Court Baron he presided, and pronounced sentence between the parties. In short, though his sphere of' 'action was more circumscribed, he governed, wherever his power weeded, with the same unlimited controul as the Sovereign. Powerful and courageous, these haughty Barons set at defiance the authority of the Crown; and, accustomed to receive the most submis sive marks of obedience from their own retainers, they disdained to acknowledge their inferiority to the King ; and though individually unable to cope with the Royal forces, by entering into alliances and uniting their re spective vassals, they frequently reduced the King to the most humiliating necessities. The prerogative was continually exposed to danger, and would probably have fallen a victim to Baronial tyranny, had not a third party, equally actuated by motives of self aggrandizement, appeared, and given a new direction to the animosities of the King and the y DEW; MAIL. # 1 gal ; DICZMHZIII 17. tad Melt. Or rather at half-past one in the morning, a fire broke out in the chateau of the Prince of Orange, at Ter veuran ; the cause of this is unknown. Happily it was dis covered in time, and immediate assistance being given, the Ire was extinguished by two o'clock without having done any other mischief than destroying some part of the small stair case sear the dressing-room. A young man named Cuignet , aged as, a farmer, in West Flanders, who had assassinated his mother, was executed at Lille on the 11th inst. Ho was led to the scaffold bare-footed, and his head enveloped in a black veil, and his right band was cut off before he was beheaded. This unhappy criminal displayed the most ferocious stupidity. The central prison at Ghent, which the illustrious Howard, in his work on Prisons, speaks of as a model, and of which only five eighths were finished, is W be • completed by order of the Government in the course of nest year. - - SECOND CHAMBER OF THE STATES GENERAL, H&c x The project of law on the duty upon Hour and cattle was discussed and carried by 72 votes to 27. PRANIXFORT, DECENIIII ID. The Aligemerae Zeitrag contradicts the report of the de parture et tho eldest son of the Hospodar of Wallachia for Constantinople. The last letters from Ancona say, that Count Metaxa and the other Deputies of the Greek Senate. were still in quaran tine in that port. 'The news that the Pop bad abridged the term of quarantine, seems, therefore, to be ill•foanded.—Br eels Papers, December 10. BAYONNE PAPERS. SAYONNZ, DECEMBWR 11. We have received news that General Torrijos drove on the Bth the army of General O'Donnell from Lombiere, sad oc cupied that town, which was the only support of the De feeders of the Faith in those mountains. It is added, that as soon as O'Donnell perceived his adversary's preparations to attack, he divided his troops into several gnerillas. Tor rijos has prolonged the amnesty to the loth of this month. It is not known whether he has had any action sines the loth, but there is no doubt that the measures taken by O'Doneell Will throw great difficulties in the way of the Constitu thaalists in their endeavours to restore tranquillity In Na flarre, as they hoped they should do. News from Saragossa of the 3d, says, that Mina had made a maregaide movement towardsUrgel. BATONWZ, DECEMBER 14. It is asserted that a part of tbe Junta of Urgel, which has lerived at Toulouse, will cease to this city to resume its factions in the frontier proviooes, but this seems very . 4eebtful. It is bet true that there bars bee, any engageitlMits between the troops of Torrijes sad these of O'Dmlmall. Gough we saw some fugitives arrive here yesterday as/ diedOky before. The occupation of Lombiere, by the Sinner, is am armed, which places the General of the Faith in a crill.l sal situation and obliged him to divide his troops in many parties, the more so as Torrijos threatened to make a Movement on Rowel; however we do not know where them, MK wretches will retire when the Constitutional Gentili bliseaupied the passages of the Lino, and placed respects, Megarripaes at Tudels, ace. It is serials that O'Doettelre MOO 011ik to desert, and we learn that great 'lumbers of yang asa hero appeared to take advantage of the prolonged r ail*, Communes, tired et the menses of the De imOmtlistibe Faith, appear inelined to favour the Coastin g/4y. The Madrid mail has arrived without delay, that the roads an clear. THE BRITISH PRESS. LONDON, MONDAY, Declines 23, 1822. To those who regarded the Quotidienne and Etoile qf Pqrja, or the pari paws Courier of London, as Intaglios organs of official information and honest opisiap, it must have appeared passing strange that at the very moment when the answer of the Cortes was expected, it was another dispatch from the Con gress that actually arrived. It had been most gravely affirmed that France bad solicited permission to in terfere in the internal Afars of Spain, and that the Congress had granted permission. Here was an end, then of all doubt upon this side, and the only object. of delay and inquiry was, tbs answer of the Cortex l to the Ultimatum, whatever it might have been , which France, with the court of Congress, bad sent.) But all of a sudden anothsrpeiesing order from Cotes gress arrives in Paris, arid' 'the impartial umpire at Verona becomes at once a futons partisan, and wet France to arms. We have always thought that the desire of war was much stronger in the breast of the Emperor MAW •enza than in that of Lours XVIII., and that the Holy Alliance were much more eager than the Freial Government to extinguish the Revolution in Spain. Some of our contemporaries have imputed to Aizia •Nnita, the magnificent project of designing the con quest of Constantinople, and the establishment of a free communication between the Black Set and the Mediterranean, while the great Powers of Europe are wholly _engrossed is war *IA revolution. This sort of castle-building belongs not to his Imperial Ma jesty: it is the wild puerility of a mind exhausted by grappling with perverse theories and visionary systems. No man who soberly views the state of Europe can doubt that even the Czar of Russia is full of slum at the progress of revolution, and wholly occupied with projects for the extinction of that greatest of evils in his eyes. Why was his Imperial Majesty so zealous in repressing the revolutions of Naples and Piedmont? It was not, we presume, in order to facilitate the pas sage of the Dardanelles for Russian ships ; neither was it to extend the power of Russia in Asia or Eu rope. It was purely to put down revolution. When men feel alarm, and have recourse to precautions against possibilities, there is no end to their absurdi ties. It is possible that the extension of populsr rights, or the narrowing of a prerogative in Naples of Madrid, way lead to the independence of Poland ; therefore the wary Czar is all alacrity to • with the extensionof popular rights and then • hef prerogatives in any part of Europe. Betlbe i march into Spain we do not believe that even he has courage to order. Any concession by Spain would I bis a God send, and thereof* he descends, with the , other members of the Holy Miaow, to angry looks and ambiguous threats. In this inglorious war- • of the _~ • a Barons. These competitors for universal dominion were the Clergy. 1 When William meditated the invasion of England,l his enterprize was warmly promoted by Alexander the Second, who at that time filled the Papal Chair.— The Roman Pontiff foresaw that if England submitted .the Duke of Normandy, the authority of the Church, hitherto only partially acknowledged in that island, would acquire unbounded influence. Anxious' to signalise his Pontificate by so valuable an ac. quisition, the Pope employed those ecclesiastical wea• pons which the superstitious credulity of the age ren dered more formidable than the armaments of tempo ral Princes. Harold was pronounced a usurper; his adherents were excommunicated ; and in order to in spire the Norman soldiers with the fullest confidence and success, Alexander presented the army with a consecrated banner, and pronounced his benediction on the enterprise. As soon as William was seated on his newly-acquired throne, he testified his attachment and gratitude to the Holy See, by soliciting the Pops to send legates to England invested with powers to regulate the affairs of the Church. A Council was accordingly convened, and the Anglo Saxon prelates instantly deprived of their dignities. The vacated sees were bestowed on the favourites and supporters of Alexander and William. The dexterous policy of the Court of Rome, and the indefatigable zeal of its agents, daily extended the ecclesiastical jurisdic tion, and the Clergy, availing themselves of the igno rance and superstition of the age, were enabled to consolidate a power, which occasioned the most fatal calamities to posterity. At the present day it is hardly possible to form any adequate conception of the tremendous authority with which the Church was once invested. Tyrants are generally satisfied with enslaving the bodies of their victims, and content them selves with employing chains, racks, dungeons, and instruments of corporeal torture. But the clergy aspired to fetter the minds of men, and to effect this object, they brutalised the human intellect : no artifice was spared, no expedient left untried to keep mankind in ignorance; for the successors of St. Peter were well aware that " all government resides in opinion," and they felt alarmed lest the dissemination of truth should expose their duplicity and impositions in all their native deformity. Unfortunately for the happi ness of mankind, their machinations proved too suc cessful, and enabled them to establish a dominion more extensive and tyrannical than Imperial Rome, in the zenith of her glory, had ever exercised. The judg ment of the sovereign Pontiff was infallible ; his mere will,—universal law, and his decision was obligatory on Princes, Kings, and Emperors. In all disputed Accessions, he was supreme arbiter, and frequently dispossessed a lawful monarch of his kingdom. The dread of spiritual thunder awed the most powerful and turbulent Sovereigns ; and those who had the te merity to resist his encroachments, were quickly brought back to obedience by the sentence of excom munication or interdict. In addition to the influence which they derived from the ascendancy of their spiritual leader, the clergy 'Of pn g lan4 were in possession of at least one-third of \ she landed*property. These estates they held by mi ,Atary tenure, which, as we already remarked, peels to be the reason alb/4*y were admitted into reat-140slative Asses*. The dignified mole-, siastics'bi<d the power of conferring the order ofl knighthood ; for Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canter bury, bestowed this mark of distinction on William • • myself with citing the following :—ln a Counc►► neiu _ A.D. 1075, severe penances were prescribed to all. those who had killed or wounded any person in the battle of Hastings, whether they bad fonght for or against the Duke of Normandy. The archers who could not possibly know hoer many they had killed or wounded, were sentenced to three years penance. But by a special clause, all these penances might be redeemed by money, or by building or endowing churches. These inflictions were of the most cruel and torturing nature, and the richer the penitent the more severe were his sufferings. The object of the priests was money, and they well knew that all who had the means would gladly accept the commutation, and purchase by gold an exemption from hunger, thirst, and bodily lacerations. BRITANNICUS. (To be (*Minted.) TO THE EDITOR OF THE BRITISH PRESS. ___-......___ ern—Some French writer, Vol:rams, I believe, says " S'il n'y avait pas trestle neewaver es pour an Nteitre—la terre ell se nit pas cultioie." This remark is true in more senses than one. I remember being perfectly delighted when I first heard o the design of laying oat a Park, to be called the liZgiNT . ll Nark, because I mooloded 'that, in the first place, it would be made& space of pleasurable recreation, that would do bo sour to the known taste of the illustrious personage after whom it was baptised ; and, in the neat place, I was in hopes that, having ceased (thanks to the Six Acre) to breathe the air of freedom, we should have at least an additional supply of fresh air, which, though nothing in the way of equivalent, yet to me, who am thankful for small mercies, was something. Some one, I think it was WYNDILAM, used to call the out skirts of London the lungs of the metropolis—and there is a mixture of wit and truth in the metaphor—but it grieves me, who being somewhat asthmatic myself, have a sort of fellow. feeling ; it grieves to, I say, to observe a consumption is these lnop, that, I am satisfied, has a very prejudicial effect on the great body to which they belong. Instead of a retie wallas fifths principle of life, which Mr. Nan, who, I sup pose, was the Noesecumon, led us all to expect, from ven tilating our ideas and stretching our legs in the Regina's Park, we find ourselves paled out from the old rural roads and joyous foot-paths on which we formerly exercised our animal functions of walking and talking, and instead of the vital properties of health and vigour, we find nothing sur rounding us but Use erirgertirs of builders, cow-keepers, and Regent Canal Compaeleee*ew As to any benefit - Nei imeeelee, the thing is no more. We we driven by enclosures to the edge of the high road, where we may, indeed, share the gratification of those equestrians who come "to take the gait ;" but this, with a peep now mid then over the Perk paling, is the full swing ro of our enjoy ment. This, for aught I know, may be a very pfitable mode of disposing of the Crown lands. The advantage arising to the favoured purchasers of the building•ground—the profit to be derived from the speculation by the Court architect — these, no doubt, may be ample enough. With the canal pro prietors, too, matters may go swimmingly : they gut their ground a good bargain. As far as all these parties are con coned, It ia so far good ; but as to the public—as to the peo. pie at large—with regard to any benefit to be derived to them, it is as much out of the question, and as wholly unat tended to, as—it always it. The present age bashes@ called the age of cast and levee. tore, and I think it is so. It is also the age of asenetkesent. Our tends, our liberties, our privileges, our purses, all feel its effect, and shriek ender its operation. There is hardly as Act of Parliament passes, but it Is en act of nears's. Is the Regent's Pan:, as it is called, thispriociple shines out in broad daylight. Even those who have taken up their abode in this *reason/el spot, will, one day, feel its full effect. It is already beginning. The " cloud, no bigger than a man's band," is in the horizon, and will, by degrees, obscure all their prospects of enjoyment. The invalids of fashion may, at present, take their carriage, drive without snoopiness, but the rapid increase of buildings will soon bring carriages of another description into the circuit. And, however lordly and aristocratic the edifices may be, their residents must still be subject to the imperious dosinios of that neeeralty which has no law—mud-carts, dust•earts, dreg-earls, sad all the various vehicles employed in the carrying trade maseeted with the domestics raper's, will soon hemp, pet fikeek-by. jowl, but who'd by wheel, with the chariot, belleedgoaerriole, Madan, and all the endless variety of mf/leite falkistklaloag the drive. Theo male, all the regalia., for bale aseom modalions must be supplied with the neeelleff WOW convenience. Public-houses in abundance en egMeglem up already ; in their trails will follow butellieitj t bikers, fishmongers, and all the various trades whieh Meat ter to the daily and hourly wants of the new nelljblinathood ; and Ibis decorative Park, instead of bereeithe daisy shambles; slip should blossom, chopping-blocks will rise, and green. stalls will start up. Tbo high-bred occupants of both sexes, who removed hitherto, reckoning on the new improvements, might, perhaps, pardon the ordnance into the circle of a fancy williaor, or might put up with the splendour of a chemist's shop htelindle.light ; bet what can compensate for the ton ing in Of a talloweraandler ! What female of fashion• caw support the alluvia of G o ulds and rush-lights ! What Eaqui site eon live le the almoapttere of long and abort erase! Bet ter that he were prohibited for ever (rein oomileg within gun shot ofa as tree—better that he should sever see a grass hopper allabdays than to purchase enjoyment 'lamb a price alibis! • • •• •• But 1 hese as sympathy to throw away. Let this class of sufferers take their chance : those who take hies on this spot with their eyes open can have no just groeid of com plaint. The uoisance—as the law smith—does not come to them—they come to the nuisance. My feriae' is for the middling and lower orders ; for, after all, they are the life blood of the state 4 sod I lore to see this life- blood in a flow of brisk and healthful circulation. Now damp, all the Doe' bra agree, from Doctor AllOlll4llOll downwards, is, of all evils, most to be avoided by delicate consolations; yet no sooner have we reached this outlet of the metrepolis than we find ourselies in the midst of canals, reservoirs, and greed junctions; every breath that blows over us is bathed is vapour, ten times more itawholesome that tbe smoke-dried streets and squares we have left behind us. Contemplate but fora moment the train of disagreeables in this way—here your nose is assailed by a brick-kiln; presently pier path is intercepted by the extension of a navigable canal ; offensive odours is one direction, and relaxing moisture 11l another, follow you in every step of your progress. As for 'prospect, you are in a state of blockade ; at every turn your view is cireamscribed by a crescent or cut up by a circus. But as to the Jinxed footways—aad it is the maxim of all wary ad mind politicians that " via trite at via tide." The beaten path is the best path—as to the jocund footways, over which the Loastosers, 'snag and old, lads and lassee f formerly pursued their path to Primrose Hill and the villages adjacent, they have completely disappeared—. they are eleao goae from the map ; there is no more trace dl them left than of Magna Chaska or the Bill of Rights. .They have all been destroyed without " With your leave or hi yorm leave," by the oaken of the Crown end the Regimen rae Regent's Canal Company. Yes; the seirommodattelfil benefit at first promised to the publ ic at large, to wham. loonies it was to be commented, been tuned aside to pm*. WAY for the lalssiar *feeler% eosaezios and the pre beet. of Cant I : favourite*, Wok to fib Art/al Pietism saya, w I say isothieg—l take Dolt metal% stern; Mt hart ot ma man good fortune I mar nothing; horrible I will seg. ttirengis all my know ledge if lib I have observed, that there is sot a passion so rooted in the hams heart as the • for i ltb u i p se O. 13, Inf. thered frogs all countries, in dered In exile, were restored to their precario,:. dominion, and have hitherto been upheld in their at: • natural authority, by foreign influence. The feeling., the attachments, the views, the interests of the peopie of France, are all founded on the state of things pet,. duced by the Revolution, and hostile to the claims o r the emigrants whom foreign bayonets restored. W. governing minority are obliged to obey their masters.— the Holy Affiance ; and if those masters should be sufficiently fearless of consequences to command in stant war, instant war must be proclaimed by Bouasox Ultras. We are not apprehensive t the Holy Alliance are thus fearless. Those a constituted guardians of absolute power, and . tormented abhorrers of revolution, are placed situation of the utmost perplexity; if they let Sr alone, the peaceful establishment of her Revoluti I and the solid benefits which result from it, car be concealed from France, Italy, and Gerstali. and cannot be seen by those oppressed countruz with indifference; if they rush into war against Spain, the very evils which they dread may be accelerated,but r cannot possibly be finally averted. It is not for us to counsel the embarrassed Alliance, for counsels such as ours are not to their taste. We finely believe they will not have recourse to arms, but adopt the securer alternative of sullen discountenance and admosiWy lectures. If they should withdraw their represeita lives from Madrid, they will give the Spanish magma an enviable opportunity of consummating their gr iat work without interruption or irritation. The Spanish people may have all necessary information through the English Minister. The threat of recognizing the in dependence of the South American States is the most sensible part of the proceedings of Congress. It ii to be hoped that the threat will not remain long unexe . cuted. The unfortunate minority in France, who does oei ancient abuses, and cherish exploded prejudices vs a part of their existence, are placed in a state of ur ere cedented difficulty. Fearful is the illustration they afford of the futility as well as wickedness of foreign interference with the internal affairs of a great nation. What progress have the restored of 1814 mad• ;a conciliating confidence and esteem? Are they at this moment less odious or more secure than when they first marched into their conqured country in the rear of allied foreign armies ? The Boua sox dynasty mill -weer strike its roots again is the French son; it is withered to the con= what foreign support is withdrawn it falls never to rise. We did think that experience and prudence. had taught respect for public feeling and deference to the *pint of the opt; we did hope that Louis XVIII. would have twalitaitied the integrity of his own Charter, preserved the freedom of the Prase to the extent to which he had granted it, and respected the representation of the pelvic but it seems fated that the dynasty should increase its own odium, and ensure its own ruin. All members of this emigrant party regard revolution with stinctive horror, but they an utterly destitute of ',fry amiable virtue, and of every splendid vice—they cis neither adorn the taboo» of peace, nor conduct en terprises of war,—they therefore shrink from war sod from revolution *is the same horror. Another panic has alarmed the Exchange, and no one can assign its true cauie. 'According to some it was the violent death of the Sultan Han moo D—a general revolution in Conetatutoopletlowpossibility of serious differenceii - bctweea Austria sad 'Russia— Iliad, finally, a war in :tba East. Why, it . Is asked., rdoes Austria make a sew lean? We know ao reason, ill fact, unless it be the repayment of the sine due to England since 1796, and of Whieh the Eagfish Mi hater, at the end of the last Session of Parliament, announced diet be would endeavour to obtain the re. ;ititutioa, or at least a portion. But we confess tine this reclaniatiort, on the part , of England, °meld neve be regarded Ivy us as in sanest, so long loth* politic of England and Austria were pursuing the oame di motion. The new loam of Austria presents *pus °ill: a simple °petition of order and economy foreactiang laelhe old and burdensome' debt for mew loads raise on more favourable terms. 'The 'Aft bf.thwatitsorial 141. itoilaiNos may tubed be only the resaltot44 lams Bused eed by io . arculators of London mid Other politicians of dia,Tolcnangelobk holm for a subject of alarm. • Hostilities, aatiMille la than have commenced on the Pyrenean frontier... Ada Franc territory violated—a bloody battle with Illtraa -*ln -,, 7 —ona of our Generals, struck by asomasny's bal Hare, without doubt, is soittetbing bate dram the ri p=ta of the . Seraglio, or the strangling sad dace of Sultans. Td kit these fins stories the: ts nothing wanting but math'. Therefore. they at treated 'bf 'men of Some with jam diode* and ti sudden fall of our funds ceased as rapidly as it be commenced. These manceuvres er'llii BOctimigisi• Seal to IA gmady and credulous herd of spetalitoruirithoot e, palmy, could wet be brought to wet , with so mu< tacility, if the public at large would •matiatote all pt tensions to fatMh the' rlyths of political hysterie and cease to risk their fortunes upon salsa sad pa chases founded Ce idle rbtnburs. . . How can any man, with the least judgmssit, belie' the European Powers distressed , to etaillataaa in t! West a war, not merely without atiMsitft. bet WI: ,out any axed end or poseible .atilityi-.Ait if n withstanding the wisdom of' the it Owsaromen t notwithstanding the pacific *legit of the libly AlliaP —this war must break out, at leasithit gigour of season on which we are 'enter slaslFtetard commencement of bostilitimi. ' at rational eau then.. can exist for the yreeentleyrietudasd But the spectacle of thole alarms 1416 the report 6f wit ?Induced, mutt pere4o64lll)lBtates w tch the conviction that the ataintehmstib of re.. the present moment is the first del* 'society idea of pesos associates with dame( wale ai tiMicy ;• %writ war awakens emitisty the subversion and of revolutions.--founeed des Iv.:' 1 Thursday. ' • .: •. Op Saturday last a large splendid sower' the mentop of the late Mr.. Placa* sis,, war . in Westminster Abbey. It reyreseets him ft. the moment ht assassination. .fialimyhaaa, b sin, ia introduced. The likeness of the late is considered excellent. wto -