The Sun. — London, England, 1862-09-17 00:00:00

•••.•MINF LIVES of EMINENT STATESMEN, by THOS. HOOD, Esq., in FUN, every week. ----- Sow Ready, handsomely bound in Magenta cloth, gilt, price 4s. 6d. ; post free, 55., the SECOND balf-yearly VOLUME of FUN, with talented artists, and humor numerous Engraving g by ou3 Articles by the following distinguished writers : W. Bailey, Esq. W. S. Gilbert, Esq. W. Barber, Esq. T. hood, Esq. E. L. Blanchard, Esq. T. S. Jerrold, Esq. G. W. Bridgeman, Esq. W. J. Piowse, Esq. F. C. Burnand, Esq, Godfrey Turner, Esq. H. J. Byron, Esq. &e., &e., &c. Office, 80, Fleet-street, London. CRYSTAL PALACE. —TO - MORROW (Thursday.)—During the Exhibition open from Nine till dark. ALL THE GREAT FOUNTAINS at Four o'Clock. One Shilling. CttYSTAL PALACE.-ARRANGEMENTS TO-MORROW (Thursday). Open at NINE. Orchestral Band at Great Organ Performance at Great Fountains at Orchestral sand at 5. 0 Admission to all, One Shilling ; Children, Sixpence. NOTE.—Frequent trains throughout the day. .• For full particulars of amusements see first page. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN. This Evening, DINORAH. Commence at 8. THEATRE-ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. This Evening, THE YANKEE LEGACY. After which. THE RELIEF OF LUCKNOW. To conclude with THE ARABS OF THE DESERT. A Troupe of the Beui-Zoug- Zoug. Commence at 7. THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. This Evening, THE WIFE'S PORTRAIT. Alter which, OUR AMERICAN COUSIN. With CELOS Y'CALIA. And MY HUSBAND'S GHOST. Commence a t 7. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI. This Evening, THE FLOWERS OF THE FOREST. To be followed by ONE TOUCH OF NATURE. And THE SHILLING DAY. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. THE LOST LETTER. fter which, at a This Evening. KING HENRY VIII. Wit A hTHE TWO quar ter to 8, POLTS. Commence at 7. ROYA CEUM THEATRE. Th i s Evening„ PEEP O'DAY. Followed by KILLAIt- D ay. Conclude with THE COLLEEN BAWN SETTLED AT LAST. Commence at 7. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. This evening, MAZEPPA. Brilliant Scenes in the Circle. Concluding with a Comic Ballet. Commence at 7. MR. and MRS. CHARLES MATHEWS " AT ROME," at Her Majesty's Concert Room, Haymarket, This Evening. Commence at 8. W. S. WOODIN'S CABINET OF CURIOSITIES, Polygraphic Hall, King William -stre at S et, Charing-cross. Commence , ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street, Hay market. Open every evening for Promenade and Dancing. CANTERBURY HALL—EVERY EVENING. — Steckel, the great Trapeze performer —G Dule rand Operatic Se Semi- Lion as usual U nsworth, Eugene, and y, thet trio, &c. Commence at 7. THE OXFOVD, 6, .OXFORD-STREET, EVERY EVENING. —Grand Operatic Selections, with full band and chorus.—The comic performance of Miss Caroline Parkes — Steckel on the Flying Trapeze—The Ethiopian oddities of Rumsey, Newcomb, Ltc. Commence at 7. NOTICE. All remittances are, henceforth, to be made to Mr. JOHN CITAPLIN, at The Sun office, 112, Strand, who has been appointed, by the Lord Chancellor, Itecever and Manager of The Sun newspaper, and the outstanding debts due in respect thereof. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY. —Morning, 7h. 281:IL—Afternoon, Bh. 2m. To-moßnow.-Morning, Bh. 46m.—Afternoon, 9h. 30m. .N?,t !e :). 1 ....4t4 otie.. p-rj k - - 1 . -,-. •,..-..*, -..-,, g , , , :-.._ 02, .S):G. L .,, ~..,i,,,,', 3 4:•,-,,,-,_L L- ,.., _ , (, .A-• , -•. '• -..--,', ___,„,-,,,,,,....,,,ct, ,_;,,,, THE SUN. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 17, 1862. Later news is again worse news for the Federals. Worse in the military sense, for we are not sure that the present humiliation of the North may not, if anything can, prove its salvation. So far as can be gathered from the telegrams of a day or two later, the Confederates seem to be roaming at plea sure along the Southern bank of the Potomac, and to be not unlikely to enter Maryland and take Washington, if they please, in flank. It is pro bably quite in their power to compel Mr. LINCOLN and his Cabinet to follow the example of the Go vernment of Kentucky, and to deport themselves, instead of deporting negroes, to a safer place. We find the dreaded STONEWALL JACKSON at Lees burg, and threatening Harper's Ferry, the well known passages of the Potomac to the west of Washington ; while the Federals have evacuated Acquia Creek on the south-east—doubtless to concentrate themselves round Washington and to enjoy the security of the earthworks thrown up there during last Autumn and the Spring. Whether, however, JEFFERSON DAVIS will make an attempt on Washington, even if he be able, may well be doubted. He would find Maryland, in which the district of Columbia and Washington are, ready enough to rise and aid him, for that State is kept loyal by force only. But would he think it prudent to drive the North to desperation ? That would be the almost certain effect of capturing the capital; the North would then have, in its turn, the formidable element in its favour, of being put on its defence, and, with its great resources and population, brought to bay at home, it would almost certainly prove, in turn, victor. Half the power of the South has been derived from the fact of its fighting for and on its own soil. Reverse the con ditions, and who can tell the difference it would make. But most to be noted is the effect, so far as we are permitted to know it, of the late reverses on the North. The symptoms are very grave of total dis trust of the Administration, who, it must be con fessed, have given ground enough for it. The opinions of newspapers, when the Press is at the mercy of a Secretary of State, "That unless the Cabinet be reinforced with new vigour and ability the Union cause will be overthrown,' must go for so mething, since nothing but the certainty of pub lic opinion concurring with such an opinion of the journalist, would induce him t o h azard the suppres sion o f his paper. But we have not only the i journalsts—every o ne i s arming; opinions ofthe Government clerks at Washington have commenced drilling, the bayonet being likely to be wanted m ore than the pen. The Governor of Pennsylvania calls on the State to form volunteer organisations ; th e New York War Committee proposes to raise two armies of its own of fifty thousand men each, to put them under the command respec tively of Generals MITCHELL and FREMONT, or any authority the Federal Government will accept. A step which appears to imply at once the determination of the people and their dissatisfac tion with their leaders. At the same time General HALLECK refuses to call out the New York City Militia, alleging former shirking of duty; which, of course, the officers indignantly deny. It would not seem to be the time for quarrelling about old offences, but rather an occasion to condone all by common and renewed exertions. But the meeting of the Governors of four States —Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and surely, a grave si gn ifi cance. Rhode Island—has, What can the four State Presidents meet for, unless they and•their States begin to think that a contest pro anis et Joel's is approaching, and that the PEE BIDENT of all the States, or of the people, is not equal to the occasion. It can hardly be simply to apprc,ve a n d back up a policy and Ad ministration whicl ha s proved such an utter failure—which has resulted only in spendi u g money, and sacrificing life to end in a second siege of Washington by the enemy. - The four States do not equal by one -fourth the population of the Empire State, but they are States whose inhabitants are men of mettle, and each sends as many senators to Congress as Mr. LIN COLN'S own great State. We have no information yet of the result of their deliberations, but it is ob vioas that the States are beginning to feel it neces sary to act for themselves. These four States are all of them, we believe, strongly in favour of the emancipation policy. Mr. LINCOLN has done a few things in that direction to please them, and in ac cordance with his understood personal inclinations; but on the whole he has deferred to Kentucky and the Border States. lie always shrank from offend ing Kentucky. His reward is that the Confede rates have nearly driven out of it the Government favourable to the Union. It i s plain that the pro-slavery policy of the PRESIDENT has thus far utterly failed. It was a 1 policy forced on him by the public feeling of the North, and it has brought its reward in the shape lof a slaveholders' army once more at the gates of Washington. But why is it there? Solely be cause slaves do the masters' work at home, and allow every adult Southerner to be a soldier if he Ikea. The mean whites—a race of idle vagabonds —have no better sport than to fight for good pay, and the slaveholders have no greater pleasure than in finding them a job far away from their estates. The opposite policy it may be now too late to try. The slaves have had too plain proof that the North is not composed of Abolitionists, to be much con cerned which shall conquer. It might be difficult now to get into the Southern States the knowledge of any change of Northern sentiment, should such change occur. But even more difficult would it be to gain the confidence of the negroes, There is not, in the North, the basis for it. A really Liberal paper in America writes thus on the fifth of August—we beg our readers to read the extract carefully : " While we observe with pleasure the daily increasing anti-slavery sentiment of the North, it is painful to wit ness, also, the intense negro hate which gleams forth in the midst of threats of abolition. At the great Cincinnati meeting, where 50,000 men were assembled, Gen. Lew. Wallace declared that slavery was a great element of strength to the South, as we were now finding out to our eost, and insisted on its overthrow. 'lf slavery is the basis of this rebellion,' said he, why in God's name do we not knock away the base from under it ?' And yet he talks of the negro in language fit only for a pirate. " I heartily despise the negro race. I can't help it. I never see a negro pass me in the street without thinking, There stalks the cause of all this trouble. I never will per mit him to be placed on equality with white men ; it never shall be done ; I will fight myself, if it ever comes to that. (Loud and prolonged cheering.) . . . In times of great excitement like the present, a simple preju dice may do an immense amount of evil. A greased car tridge produced the Sepoy rebellion. But notwithstanding all these prejudices that have been instilled into the minds of some of our boys, when our troops are worn out with fighting against su2erior forces, when outnumbered and cut to pieces, with every hopb gone, and nothing but destruction staring them in the face, then, I say, if white men should hear the sweet music of the rifle, even though in nigger hands, they would like it amazingly, and be wonderfully glad of it. Now, then, I have done with the nigger, and I am heartily glad of it—thoroughly glad of it, I assure you.' " This speech tells the whole story of the failure of the North. It "heartily despises the negro race." It boasts of it. Rather than be outnumbered, cut to pieces, and destroyed, it would put rifles into negro hands, till then, like Mr. LINCOLN, it would strip the Union uniform from off their backs. How can the slaves rise for a negro- hating people—why should they not rather work on for masters who must at least take some care of ouch costly " cattle." England has warned the North often enough of the consequences of fight ing for Empire instead of fighting for Freedom. The North seems now likely to find our warnings facts. It is exact:y what we have been dreading. GARIBALDI is now acknowledged from Tarin to be " worse" in health instead of better. The one ominous line in the telegram to-day, announcing this to be the fact, according to the latest informa tion from the Gulf of Spezzia, will only be, to a vast number, we believe, no less than it has been to ourselves, the fulfilment of a most melancholy anticipation. Cannot something more be done — than has already been done—towards the practi cal evidencing of the sympathy of England in regard to the Hero now stretched upon his couch of suffering at Varignano ? A meeting is talked of as in preparation here in London—a Monster Meeting let us hope it may be—a meeting as numerous as it is certain to be enthusiastic. If promptly convened, at some suitable rendezvous, at the London Tavern, or, better still, at the Guild hall, we are perfectly satisfied that even now, at this holiday time of the year, when the metropolis is tolerably well emptied of the Upper Ten Thou sand, and of many thousands, also, of the more well•to-do representatives of The Million, we are perfectly well satisfied that even now, in the middle of September, that an immense gathering of influ ential people and their supporters might be col lected at a very short notice, indeed, upon the simple announcement that Englishmen were in vited to express their sympathy for General GARIBALDI. Newcastle—Gateshead—Sunderland —have recently one after another been setting us Londoners an example in this matter; and an example it is that to-day's Telegram reminds us w e ought certainly to follow up now as promptly as may in any way be practicable. Before Professor PARTRIDGE can reach his desti nation, this alarming intimation—an intimation doubly alarming seeing that it comes to us by way of Turin—acquaints us with the unwelcome truth that GARIBALDI'S health shows no improvement whatever. On the contrary, that it is clearly, unmistakeably, und eniabl y worse. The Patient being at the same time under th e ma li gn influence of a variety of very obvious disadvantages. GARIBALDI, for one thing, i s no longer a young man. He is already some years past the meridian of life. He is getting within view of old age. The grey streaks are gleaming i n among his hair every month more perceptibly—his hair itself thinning fast, and his once vi g orous and limber, if not athletic, frame becoming app reciabl y every d ay more and more weak and attenuated. His genero us affections, his noble ambiti on, his feelings alway s intense, his mind and heart always sensitive, even in the calmness of the one and the strength of the other, with the sensitiveness of a exquisit e suscept ibili ty — a ff ec tions, profound and [ ambition, feelings, mind, heart, they have all recently undergone a very terrible, and all but overwhelming sho c k. It is more than a rifle ball that has torn the flesh and shattered the bones and tortu re d the nerves of GARIBALDI. Hceret lateri lethalia ar und b o y— this h n i d s all the more bitter is the an g uish cau sed arrow of a Nation's Ingratitude, at any rate of a King's Ingratitude, winging its Way straight towards the Hero's Great and Noble Heart, be cause of that thought so often before now brooded Ove r by others, but never more mournfully , we may be certain, than in thi s signally afflicting ins ta n ce , that thought yet— " . • • keener far to feel, lie nursed the pinion that impelled the steel." Borne down by his inner sense of this heinous crime of the ingratitude of Italy, of the Italian King, of the IHE SUN, LONDON. WEDNESDAY EVE NANG% SEPTENIBEN 17, 1862. Italian Government, borne down by these reflec tions far more than by any physical anguish or bodily prostration, GARIBALDI—we have every reason to fear thein consequence great peril of dying w i o n unds inflicted upon him by the soldiers of Italy, by the soldiers of VICTOR EMMANUEL, on that fatal Calabrian height of Aspromonte ! Our one immediate consolation while saying this is, not unnaturally, the remembrance of the fact that medical aid from England is now fast approaching the prison fortress of Varignano. Sustained, thus, in some measure in the midst of our fears for the life of this great man —infamously treated by his ungrateful Government, and we must in simple, honest truth say also by his ungrateful SOVEREIGN—we recall to mind with a poignant sense of indignation, at the same time, that for the wounds inflicted upon GARIBALDI (wounds now threatening, at least one of them, to be mortal), for this cruel treatment of the Hero of Italy, the Colonel of the victorious Bersaglieri (victorious, save the mark !) was at once promoted to be what he is now—General PALLAVICINI. The thought of that shameful promotion of an officer in the Italian Army, for doing what is recognised now seriously to have endangered the life of General GARI BALDI, is almost intolerable, when it is coupled with the thought of what is occurring in that sick room in the fortress of Varignano! What possibly can be said, however, of the astounding announcement, the almost incredible announcement, given to the world, through the columns of the Correspondance Franco-Italienne? Namely, that the late Colonel, the now General EMILIo PALLAVICINI, of Aspromonte notoriety, has been rewarded for his exploit in the Calabrias by his nomi nation by the Emperor NAPOLEON as a Knight Commander of the Legion of Honour. Hardly (we cannot but feel) is this to be believed! Supposing it were to prove actually to be the case, it would be in outrage to the right feeling and public sense of decency throughout all Europe. It is incredible, nevertheless, that a shrewd, keen-witted man like the present Ruler of France could so gratuitously and flagrantly outrage Public Opinion throughout Europe by transmitting a reward of this kind to the leader of the Italian soldiers who shot down GARI BALDI at Aspromonte. The members for Oxfordshire have just now been starring it at Woodstock. Last evening a grand banquet was, to this end, given to those gentlemen, in the Town Hall of Wood stock. The occasion which afforded the opportu nity for this demonstration being, the recurrence of the annual Woodstock Horticultural and Agri cultural Society's Show—a show witnessed in Blen heim Park, thanks to the courteous permission of the Duke of MARLBOROUGH. It is hardly necessary to say, in regard to the guests in whose honour especially this banquet of yesterday was given, that the place of honour was by very general consent accorded—we might say, as a matter of course—to Mr. HENLEY. And this not by any means whatever as that right honourable gentleman himself in no affected modesty (for there is not a particle of affectation of any sort or kind about him), but in his blunt simplicity—would have us believe, because, as he expresses it, he has lost the opportunity of serving the country for a longer period than his gallant colleagues. Nothing of the kind, Mr. HENLEY : don't believe it ! The reason Mr. HENLEY'S name is regarded with so much favour far beyond the borders of Oxfordshire, why his career in Parliament and in office is looked upon with peculiar respect by men of all parties and of all shades of political opinion, is—much more than the reason given by Mr, HENLEY himself—the opinion of Col. NORTH,one of these same colleagues of Mr. HENLEY in the representation of Oxfordshire. Alluding to the opportunities he himself had had of observing the right hon. gentleman's conduct in the House of Commons, Colonel Nonni said last evening towards the close of this banquet at Woodstock—(and in saying what follows, what Liberal, w hat Whig, or Radical amongst us all shall assert that the gallant colleague of Mr. HENLEY spoke in any respect extravagantly ?)—that " he believed that no county was more honestly and more ably represented than was Oxfordshire by his right hon. friend Mr. HENLEY. Those whom he now addressed should not forget that when he (Mr. HENLEY) was the distinguished member of the Govern ment he did not hesitate one moment to give up office rather that. assist in carrying a measure in which he could not honestly agree. In the House of Commons there were constantly brought under consideration questions the details of which it was not easy to master, and in respect of which there was considerable difference of opinion. On such occasions he had always found himself able to adopt the course taken by his right hon. friend; because he found invariably that the conduct of Mr. HENLEY was dictated by honour and honesty, and was such as tended to promote the best interests of his constituents." It is the sterling honesty of the man that is the secret of his popularity— seasoned and flavoured, as that honsety is, with a blunt, racy humour, always the especial delight of Englishmen, but particularly so when it is (as in Mr. HENLEY'S instance) spontaneously indulged in as the natural mode of expres sion of a keen wit, and of an integrity of principle beyond the reach even of a doubt as to its being just and truthful ! "Stiff in opinion," Mr. HENLEY invariably is—but, Tory though he be to the marrow of his bones, he is not by any , means "Al ways in the wrong !" For from this — often, as many of the Liberals, both within and without the House of Commons, will frankly ad mit, often hitting the right nail on the head, and, when so hitting it, driving it well home with a good sledge-hammer blow. According to a contemporary, nothing more is requisite to placing English artillery above that of all the world.than that Mr. WHITWORTH should — put on Sir WM. ARMsTONG'S breeches ! With such a combination we are told that "England would possess ordnance which might defy the iron fleets and iron forts of all the world." The experiments at Shoeburyness yesterday do really seem to warrant some such conclusion. They began with th e ce l e b rate d " M erse y " or "HORS TALL" gun, which has lain neglected much too long. This monster gun is capable of throwing a 3001 b. shot ; yesterday it threw one of 2701 b., with a charge of 751bs. of powder, against a Warrior target of 4f inch plates, with 18 inches of wood behind them, and from the usual distance of 200 yards. As was expected, it went clean through the whole. Artillerists, there fore, have now made it certain that they can pierce any amount of plating which a ship Gan carry at sea by h ea vy shot, large charges, an d hi g h velo cities. The question, however, what the Mersey gun could do at 1,000 y ards from the Spithead forts, if it could bit the moving ship, i s o f course left untouched. ..... But Mr. WIIITIVORTII ' S ex p eriments with his flat-fronted hardened shells were yet more import ant. With his twelve-pounder he sent the s hell throu g h a 21 inch iron-plating, such 110 is used on :many continental gunboats, the shells bursting th rough or i n th e t arge t. But his 'Nibs. shell went completely through a four inch pl ate and inchesnine of oak, and exploded between that and a second internal model of the side of a ship, and shattered all to pieces ; and this was done with a 121 b. charge of powder. We really can hardly see what Mr. WHITWORTH needs more. Sir W. ARM STRONG'S breeches when we last heard of them needed a good deal of mending. We have not yet heard whether the repairs were completed. LATEST NEWS. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE CITY OF WASHINGTON. NEW YORK, SEPT. 6. The defeat of the Federal armies at Bull's Run and Centreville was complete. No estimate has been made of the loss of life. The Confederates captured large quantities of ammunition, stores, and artillery. The Federals under General Pope are entrench ing themselves on Arlington heights, to defend Washington. General M'Clellan is in command of the defences of the capital. Alexandria is filled with the dead and dying. The Confederates remain masters of the recent battle fields. The Federals had to leave their dead unburied. The report, circulated a few hours prior to the departure of the Boston steamer, that Stonewall Jackson was in full possession of Baltimore, with 40,000 men, via Leesburg, was premature. It is universally believed that such is his intention, and that he will enter Maryland by that or some other point, and that it is neither the intention nor the policy of the South t• make an attack on Wash ington. The reappointment of M'Clellan has been satis fattory to the army, but has not been received with equal favour by the public. A proposition has been made to authorise Generals Fremont and Mitchell to raise each an army of 50,000 men. It is asserted that Abolitionists will gladly serve under those Generals who would not otherwise take part in the war. It is not be lieved that the President will accept the proposi tion. The whole male population of Cincinnati are in arms, or working on the fortifications, t, defend the city against the Confederate army of Kentucky, under General Kirby Smith, who threatens both this city and Louisville. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. The money market is greatly excited. Gold reached a premium of 19 yesterday, but afterwards fell to 18k. (Per City of Washington, by Telegraph to Cape Race, and from Queenstown.) NEW YORK, SEPT. 8, Evening. General Pope has been relieved from the command of the army in Virginia, and is assigned to the com mand in the north-west. Nearly all the Confederate troops have been with drawn from before Washington. A Confederate force 5,000 strong has grossed the Potomac at Point of Rocks, and occupied Frederick, Maryland. They were enthusiastically received by the Secessionist inhabitants, but the Unionists left the town. They have promised to protect all pri- vate property. The latest reports state that General Jackson is at Frederick, with 40,000 men. It is reported that the Confederates propose to destroy the Western Central Pennsylvanian Rail road, and operate in Pennsylvania, having ulterior designs on Washington and Baltimore. The Governor of Pennsylvania has forwarded large bodies of troops to the entrance of Cumber land Valley to resist the invasion. The Confederate pickets extend from Frederick seven miles towards Hagerstown. Large bodies of Federal troops are being trans ported from Washington to the Upper Potomac. The Confederate movements in Frederick have cut off the reinforcements for the Federal troops at Martinsburg and Harper's Ferry. Four hundred Confederates attacked the Federals at Martinsburg, but were repulsed. General Bragg is marching on Nashville, which General Buell has ordered to be evacuated. Great excitement prevails at Fort Monroe. The Confederate ram, Merrimac No. 2, has been seen below Fort Darling, going in the direction of Newport. Arrangements have been made to re ceive her. The Governor of Indiana has ordered all citizens between 19 and 45 years of age, residing in the border counties to repel invasion. The Federal Government is well supplied with arms. Another English steamer has been captured off Charleston. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, SEPT. 8, EVENING. Money easy. Gold 19 per cent. premium. Exchange advancing. Bankers' bills 1301 to 131 g. Stocks firm and advancing. Large speculative sales have taken place in cotton. Midling upland, 55c. Flour steady. Wheat and corn heavy. Provi sions dull. (Per Hibernia, via QuEbec and Londonderry.) NEW YORK, SEPT. 6, MORNING. The Federal army has resumed precisely the same position around Washington which it held pre viously to its departure for the peninsula. More Confederates aro reported to be moving through Thoroughfare Gap and to be branching off in the direction of Harper's Ferry. Gen. Stonewall Jackson has entered Leesburgh, and is pushing on to Harper's Ferry. The New York Herald contains a rumour that a battle was progressing at Poolesville, Maryland, between the Confederates and the Federals under Gen. Sumner, whose corps was thrown forward to intercept the Confederates in their attempt to cross the Potomac. Various rumours are current of some fighting at Poolesville, but nothing definite can be ascer tained. The Federals have evacuated Acquia Creek. The New York Herald reports that the Confede rate General Bragg is marching towards the Ohio river, through Western Virginia, with 20,000 men. The Governor of Pennsylvania has issued a pro clamation, calling upon the people throughout the State to form Volunteer organisations. The Government clerks in Washington have commenced drilling. The New Fork limes thinks that, unless the Federal Cabinet is reinforced with new vigour and ability, the Union cause will be overthrown. The New York War Committee propose to raise two armies of 50,000 men each, to be commanded by Generals Fremont and Mitchell. They are to be raised under Federal authority ;• but if Govern ment refuses them, un d er some other authority. The Governors of Maine, New Hampshire, Mas sachusetts, and Rhode Island are holding council in Providence. General HaNeck has refused to call out the New York City Militia, asserting that they declined to remain when the danger w as more imminent th an now. Ali the Colonels of the Militia regiments indignantly deny this statement. The controversy con tinues. Louisville is greatly excited by the report that hav e attacked th e U n i on i s t s at the Conf e d era t es Shellyville, 30 miles distant. The Confederates, under Breekinridge and Van Dorn, threaten New Orleans from the direction of Carrodson (?). Wilson's Zeuaves are expected at New Orleans, It is officially announced that whenever coupons of Federal stock are payable in foreign countries no thAluction will be made for the tax ; but on divi dends and coupons payable in America the tax will be deducted without regard to the residence of the owner. TURIN, SEPT. 17, Evening. The Italia Militare of to-day publishes the re port of Colonel Santarosa, asserting the falsity of the accusations made by the Radical journals re specting the pretended ill-treatment of Garibaldi and his fellow-prisoners in the fort of Varignano. The authorities of Naples and Sicily continue, during the present state of siege, to rid the coun try of the Bourbon partisans. Some Pontifical Carabineers, having carried off the Italian flag hoisted by the railway workmen on the confines of the Italian territory, Commandant Ceprano demanded satisfaction from the Roman Government. General Montebello caused the res titution of the flag. PARIS, SEPT. 16. The Constitutionnel of this evening categorically denies the truth of the news that the Council of Ministers had discussed the question of dissolving the Chambers, and that it had been submitted to the Emperor for decision. The Patrie says—" It is not true that General Forey's force will be increased to 60,000 men. 30,000 men will be more than sufficient to secure the success of the expedition." The Paris papers of this evening publish the fol lowing telegram, dated Relgrade, 16th inst. : " The Turks have broken the armistice at Ougitza, and attacked and sabred the Servian sentries. A conflict followed, which was only interrupted by night. It was renewed to-day, when the Turks lost all their positions outside the fortress." BERLIN, SEPT. 16. In to-day's sitting of the Chamber of Deputies the proposition of the Committee on the Military Budget was agreed to by 273 against 68 votes. TURIN, SEPT. 16. It has been officially notified to the Italian Go vernment that the Portuguese squadron, with the Marquis de Loule on board, has left Lisbon for Genoa. The Court of Cassation at Naples has, through considerations of public safety, determined that the trial of Garibaldi shall not take place in one of the assize courts in the Calabrias, and has delegated to the Court of Cassation at Milan the duty of desig nating another court. The health of Garibaldi is somewhat worse. The DiscuBsione of this evening says : " The statement that a note has been despatched by the Italian Government to Paris is premature, " The false rumour of a forthcoming loan was again circulated to-day, and caused some flatness on the Bourse." BERNE, SEPT. 6. The Italian Government has despatched a circu lar note to its representatives abroad, a copy of which has been communicated to the Federal Council. In this note the speedy defeat of the insurrec tionary movement of Garibaldi is adduced as a proof of the consolidation of the state of things in Italy. It is stated also that this insurrection, on the other hand, constitutes an urgent demand to grant to Italy her capital, as Garibaldi, although acting in an ill( gal manner, nevertheless expressed the thought of all Italians. _ROYAL BAPIISJI AT POTSDAM. BERLIN, Saturday.—The baptism of the prince, the son of the Crown Prince and Crown Princess of Prussia, took place this day at the new palace at Potsdam. The distinguished company invited assembled in the Apollo Saloon about 1 o'clock, and shortly before the commencement of the ceremony , they were conducted to the chapel, and were ar ranged in a half circle in front of the altar. The infant was brought to an apartment next the chapel, attended by the pages of honour, and was then conveyed to the door of tho chapel by the chief lady of honour, assisted by the chief governess, fol lowed by the ladies of honour supporting the train of the young prince. As the procession approached, the Crown Princess took her seat in an easy chair near the altar. At the door of the chapel the infant was handed to the Princess Alexandrine, who in her turn delivered the young prince to the King in front of the altar. The ceremony of baptism was then performed by the principal court chaplain, M. Heym, assisted by other clergymen, and the royal infant received the names of Albert Wilhelm Heinrich. At the close of the ceremony the King restored the infant to the Princess Alexandrine, who then placed him in the arms of his royal mother. The company and witnesses to the cere mony then retired to an adjoining apartment, where they offered their congratulations to the Crown Princess, and the witnesses defiled before her Royal Highness. The godfathers and godmothers, who were either present or did the duty by proxy, were the Queen Dowager, the King of Portugal, Princess Helena of England, Prince and Princess Charles, Princess Mary of Cambridge, Prince Frederick Charles, Princess Alexandrine, the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess of Baden, the Landgravine of Hesse- Philipsthal, Princess Louise of Prussia, Princess Frederic William of Hesse, Princess Anna of Prussia, the Hereditary Prince and Princess Leopold of Hohenzollern, the Duke and Duchess of Bra bant, the Duke of Saxe-Coburg Gotha, the Here ditary Prince and Princess of Schleswig-Holstein- Sonderburg-Augustenburg. A banquet took place afterwards in the Marble Soloon, at which the distinguished company invited to the ceremony were present. VARIE7IES. (From Fun.) ÜBIQUITOUS AND INIQUITOUS. — The Emperor of the French, regardless of the difficulties with which his policy has surrounded the King of Italy, is off to Biarritz. Like Sir Boyle Roche's celebrated bird, he apparently possesses the power of being in two places at once; for while he goes to Biarritz for the benefit of one sea, he also stays at Rome for the benefit of another see. Too TRuE.—Poor Garibaldi is reported to have two wounds ; he has three, the last, though not the least, being in his magnanimous heart. On how many banks does the Thames keep a running account? The Federal army surgeons ought to be well supplied with shin-plasters, as the troops, when they have an en gagement with the enemy, suffer most in the legs, by hav ing to do so much masterly retreating. THE BEST TUNE FOR GERMAN ITINERANT MUSICIANS. We're a Band of Bothers." Lord and Lady Elcho left town yesterday for Paris, on their way to Geneva, where the noble lord and lady purpose to make a short stay previous to going to Italy and Nice. THE MAROON. By Captain Mayne Reid. 3 ♦ols.—Little need be said by way of recommending to the general public the works of Captain Mayne Reid. There are few who have not been interested in his well known and exciting narratives. The present work will, no doubt, find warm admirers. To those of our readers who require a book full of the most startling incidents and thrilling adventures, traits of noble heroism and self-sacri ficing devotion, we can sincerely recommend " The i Maroon."—Observer. THE CHA3IPIONSHIP.—The arrangemeuts have been completed for a fight for the championship between Mace and King. The first portion of the deposit money has been paid, and the remainder will be paid next week, 'I he fight is to take place some time towards the close of November. The contest will be for £2OO a side and the belt, but where it will take place is not, of course, likely to transpire. EMIGRATION TO AMERICA.—The unhappy and distracted state of affairs in America has caused almost a total suspension of emigration from this country, and the result is, that where in the corresponding week last year we had 220 emigrants embarking from the same wharf at Queenstown, we had, on Thursday, only eighty six.—Cork Reporter. MYSTERIOUS DEATH IN THE REGENT'S CANAL. —Yesterday afternoon an inquest was held by Mr. \Val thew at Limehouse, on the body of Joseph Turner, aged 3.5 years, who had lost his life by drowning, in the Regent's Canal, under very suspicious circumstances. It appeared from the evidence that the deceased was a travelling show man, and was keeling company with a female named Jour dan. The latter person and the deceased went on Friday night last, about half-past 10 o'clock, on board the barque Jessie, lying in the Limehouse basin of the Regent's Canal. They paithek of some refreshment, and Capt. Jourdan (the brother of the young woman), who remained on board, left them to go ashore. They had not left the hold of the barque a minute before an alarm was raised of two persona overboard. The captain hastened on deck and jumped into a small boat, but he could not see anything, as the night was dark. He then leaned forward, and upon placing his hands in the water, felt the head of some person whom he found to be his own sister, bat the deceased man had dis appeared. The female had been saved by the expansion of her petticoat, but when deceased was brought to the sur face of the water life must have been extinct about half an hour. The deputy coroner said that it was to regretted that the female was not in attendance, and tha beadle said that she could not be found. Verdict—" Found dead in the Regent's Canal, but how, when, or by what means he came into the water, there was no evidence to show." GARIBALDI SURGEON FUND.—The subscriptions received to this fund up tolaesntsens incurred, ightamonu including tto £ 246 13s. 10d. The n.ecesssary expenses Professor Partridge's fee, already exceed £6OO. INTERNATIONAL EXIIIBITION.—The visitors to the building yesterday were again up to the average, but no more. The admissions by payment were 49,242; by season tickets, 3,544; total, 52,786. The recent decision as to keeping open the building till the Ist of November appears to have met with general approval among the ex hibitors, though not a few would have been pleased had the time been still further extended. THE CITY SOLICITORSHIP. —It seems probable that there will be several candidates in the field for this im portant appointment, which is extremely lucrative. Mr. Parker, formerly under-sheriff of London and Middlesex, is spoken of as a candidate; and Mr. Lloyd, a solicitor, and a member of the Common Council, will, it is said, also enter the lists for the honour. Mr. Deputy Farrar, the senior under-sheriff of the present year, is also likely to become a candidate; and amongst other names mentioned yesterday as desiring the honour are Mr. J. Anderson Rose, brother of Mr. Alderman Rose, and formerly under-sheriff; Mr. Gammon, one of the present under-sheriffs ; Mr. Linklater, of the Bankruptcy Court; Mr. Sirr, formerly under-sheriff; Mr. Crossley, a member of the Common Council, and for merly under-sheriff to his brother, Sir Charles Crossley. PASSAGES OF OCEAN STEAMSHIPS.—In conse quence of the great interest that is taken in the passages of ocean steamers, we publish the following passages, mean time :—On the 2d of April, 1856, the Persia sailed from New York and arrived at Liverpool on the 12th—pas sage, 9 days 12 hours. On the 14th of May, 1856, the Persia sailed from New York, and arrived in the Mersey on the 24th—passage, 9 days 8 hours and 48 minutes. On the 6th August, 1856, the Persia left New York at 5.15 p.m and arrived in the Mersey at 8 30 p.m. on the 15th, having been detained two hours and thirty minutes at the Bar for water—passage, from Sandy Hook (an hours' steam ing from New York to the Bell Buoy, 8 days 23 hours and 30 minutes, the shortest on record. On thelBth of August, 1858, the Persia left New York, called at St. John's, New foundland, on the 22d, and left that port at 11 10 a.m. the same day, and arrived in the Mersey at 10 15 p.m. having been detained at the Bar 6 hours—passage, from St. John's to the Bell Buoy, 5 days 13 hours, a most extraordinary and unparalleled passage across the Atlantic. On the 4th June last the Scotia sailed from New York and made the passage to Queenstown in 9 days 8 hours. Sho made the run from Queenstown to the Bell Buoy in 14 hours and 38 minutes, the quickest ever known. The Great Eastern left Milford Haven on the 7th May last, and arrived off Sandy Hook (an hour's steaming from Naw York) on the 17th—passage, 9 days 22 hours and 14 minutes. The ,Australasian left Sandy Hook (an hour's steaming from New York? or} the 22d May, and arrived in Liverpool on the Ist June—passage, 9 days 19 hours. The Scotia left New York on the 27th August, and arrived off the Bell DuoY op the sth inst.—passage, 9 dais 4 hours,—Liver. looe VERA CRUZ, AUG. 17 (vza ST. NAZAIRE). A council of war, composed of members of the Liberal party, has been held at Orizaba, at which it was resolved that fresh propositions for nego• tiation should be made to Gen. Forey, should he arrive at Orizaba with diplomatic powers from the French Government. The French troops have succeeded in fortifying an important position at Dorrego. At Colina Colonels Tara and Roivas, together with the citi zens and garrison, have pronounced in favour of the French intervention. The reinforcements have not yet arrived. Several ships are expected on the 20th with 1,800 soldiers from Africa, FRANCE. BOURSE, Sept. IG.—The market has been rather heavy, but with no change of quotations worth notice. Threes, for the Account, have been done at 68f. 75c. (cx div.), which is sc. below the closing price of yesterday. The market closed as follows : 41 per Cents .. 96 Do. end month.... 3 per Cents Do. end month 6B 60 New 3 per Cents Do. end month — Credit Mobilier 950 Do. end month 950 -- Bank Shares 3170 Credit I , oneier 1225 Piedmontest Fives 7O 40 Italian Loan 7O 60 Roman — Austrian Spanish Threes 5O 75 Home Debt RAIL' 'AYS. Cash. Account. Orleans lO5O .. 1045 Northern .... New, ditto — .. Lyons and Mediterranean 1175 .. 1175 Geneva.. 368 7 5 .. 371 25 Southern 833 75 .. 835 Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian Loirbard GARIBALDI. The following letter has been written by Dr. Ripari, in contradiction of the official report that Garibaldi made a " large distribution of money" the night after he was wounded : The Intendant• General had only 3,000 francs in the military chest on the 28th of August. Gari baldi, Menotti, Basso, and Bedeschini are here without a single penny. Not one of us who re mained by the side of Garibaldi after he was wounded heard him say at Scilla, or elsewhere, "Do you no longer know your general P" With what object could he have uttered these words ? To excite compassion ? Who could imagine that he was endeavouring to raise the population ? lam evidence that the general never used the words— "Do you no longer longer know your general?' ' The Turin correspondent of the Nord says : Generals La Marmora and Cialdini have resolved to send in their resignations if the insurgents of Ficuzza are not prosecuted. It seems that the army which is called Upon every moment to make sacrifices, which had to move forward on account of the Sarnico business, the demonstrations at Mil an , Genoa, Palermo, Monza, and now to fight at Asprornonte, would look upon an amnesty as a want of regard which would greatly cool its ardour. I do not know what will happen ; but General Cialdini has been called to Turin by the King, and arrived here yesterday. The relations of the Gc vernment with France continue very strained. Several foreign journals have remarks on the extreme bitterness of General Cialdini towards Garibaldi, which they attribute to jealousy of the latter's great popularity. THE CASE OF MR. ROUPELL.—It was expected that an application would have been yesterday made before Mr. Justice Mellor at the Judges' Chambers for a writ of habeas corpus to remove Wm. Roupell from the custody of the Sheriff of Surrey, where he was detained for debt, t o N e wgate, to take his trial at the, next session of the Central Criminal Court, commencing on Monday, but it was under. stood that within the last few days the detainer was with drawn, the debt having been settled. Th e pr i soner will therefore be removed without a writ of habeas corpus. A short time back, in an action under th e I ill s of Exchange Act, Mr. Roupell obtained leave to appear, on an affidavit Pact) oil:we its coulument Horeeropp r q em graol, EXPERIMENTS AT SHOEBURYNESS. Yesterday some important and very interesting experiments were made at Shoeburynees, is the presence of the Duke of Somerset, the Lords of the Admiralty, and the members of the Plate and Ord nance Skeect Committees. The first trial made was with the celebrated " Horsfall," or " Mersey gun," as it is termed indifferently, and which, after one or two trials a long time back, has lain neglected at Portsmouth until now. This monster gun is capa ble of throwing a 3001 b. spherical shot, and is there fore nearly double the size of the Armstrong 150- pounder which wrought such havoc on the old Warrior target this spring. Since that experiment attention has been re-directed to this gun, and the Admiralty gave it a final trial yesterday against a target constructed to represent a section of the Warrior's broadside—namely, a mass of .4-inch armour-plates, bolted to 18 inches of solid teak in beams ot 9 inches thick, Lid transversely. The first shot was conclusive as to the enormous power of this formidable wrought-iron gun. It was laid at the usual distance of 200 yards from the target, and loaded with a charge of 751 b. of powder and a 2701 b. solid shot. The result of its first discharge was sufficient to render all further experiments unne cessary. The shot smashed a clear hole through armour-plate and timber backing, piercing the tar get through and through—a result which every one on the ground fully expected. No matter what may be the thickness of the plates which iron•cased frigates can carry consistently with their safety as seagoing vessels, artillery can always be made to pierce them. Heavy shot and high velocity—in other words, heavy shot and heavy charges of powder—. will smash through even 6-inch plates like glass; and we have yet to learn, with our new ironsides of the Minotaur class, whether even 5 inch plates can be used in ships with safety to their seaworthi ness. This much the many experiments at Shoe buryness have elicited with certainty with regard to the iron plates; and as regards the ordnance to be used against them, all trial point to one conclu sion, which is that the old smooth-bore gun has a more destructive effect on armour-plates than any rifled cannon, and that of all conspicuous rifled canjion Sir William Armstrong's is one of the least effective against these targets. The difference in the destructive effect of smooth-bore over rifled projec tiles is exactly the difference between their initial velocity —or, in plain terms, the speed at which they travel after leaving the gun. With smooth bores it is at the rate of some 1,700 feet per second with rifled shot about 1,150 feet; and, as each of these projectiles has to be stopped dead in the fraction of a second by an iron target, it naturally follows that the one which travels fastest does the most mischief. If the trial, however, were made at ranges of 2,000 or 2,500 yards, the result would be precisely reversed, as the target at that distance would still find the rifled shot travelling its 1,150 feet per second, while that from the smooth-bora would have fallen off to 400 feet per second or even l e ss. The trial of the Horsfall gun, therefore, at the short range yesterday excited but a small amount of interest comparatively speaking, as from the results of all previous experiments it was known to a certainty that the target must be pierced. The second and by far the most interesting trials were made with the Whitworth 12-pounder field gun and the 70-pounder naval gun, with the view of testing th e penetration of Whitworth's flat fronted hardened shells against armour-plates. All shells of whatever kind hitherto used against armour plates have failed to produce the least effect upon them. They have always broken like so many glass bottles, merely injuring the target with the flame of their explosion. So constant and invari able were these results that it was taken as an esta blished fact that vessels coated with 21- inch, or even 2-inch armour -plates, would suffice to keep out any shell. As it is only shell which is dreaded in naval warfare, the Danish, Prussian, and Rus sian Governments have each built gunboats covered with 21-inch armour, confident that this is ample to protect their crews against ail but solid shot. For the first time, Mr. Whitworth yesterday proved the complete fallacy of this theory. The first trial was made with the 12-pounder, which sent its flat-fronted solid shot completely through an iron plate 21 inches thick—no slight result, when we consider the lightness of the projectile. The next trial was made with shell, fired from the same rifled 12-pounder against a target of 2-inch armour-plate, with a backing of oak beams nearly a foot in thick ness. The shell, with a bursting charge of llb. 14oz. of powder, passed through both plate and backing and buried itself in the earth beyond. The next, with a charge of llb. lloz. of powder, also passed through the plate, but burst in and chattered the timber backing behind. This showed conclusively that the foreign gunboats which have been built with a 21-inch iron casing are vulnerable to Whit worth hardened projectiles, even when fired from as light a gun as a 12-pounder. This result, un expected as it was, was surpassed by that obtained with the 70 pounder naval gun when fired with shell against a stronger target. This target was con structed of armour-plates bolted upon an oak frame 9 inches thick, attached by a side framing to a back of oak 4 inches thick, coated over with 2-inch wrought iron, The interval between the front and back frames was between two and three feet, the target being intended to represent the side of a e sh on ip. ta i l'h shell w ned e 2ib.6oz ei , g o hed, when f powder. charged, frhis, fired 7O I b wait ad with 1 0 2 f 1b. 20 0 0 f powder passat the ue usual completely le te pene trationlyethhraer u g e• e h orf t a h oll e ngl 4 ey -inch armour-plate and oak backing, and burst inside the frame, shattering it to pieces. This startling result, it should be remembered, was obtained, not by a gun of unusual weight or calibre, but with one weighing some 15cwt. less than the naval smooth-bore 9 5eeet. gun, and with a charge of powder of only one-sixth the weight of the pro jectile. Since Mr. Whitworth pierced the sides of the floating battery Trusty with the same kind of gun, no such satisfactory trials have been made at Sheeburyness. If the two great inventors, Sir William Armstrong and Mr. Whitworth, would only consent to a compromise, and Sir William use Mr. Whitworth's hexagonal mode of rifling, and Mr. Whitworth allow it to be used with guns made on Sir William's coil principle and with Sir Wil liam's breech, England would possess ordnance which might defy the iron fleets and iron forts of all the world. As it is, both guns are now admitted to possess attributes of perfection which the other lacks, the balance of merits for general purposes being, on the whole, decidedly with that of Sir - William Armstrong. A MARKER SHOT AT A. PRIVATE RIFLE RANGE. —On Thursday night, while Mr. Archibald Todd, of Clench foot, was practising with his rifle at his private range on the farm, he accidentally shot the marker, who was killed on the spot. Smith is the name of the unfortunate lad who has thus met his death. He was about 20 years of age, and was for some time past employed as ostler at the Tower Hotel, Hawick.—Hawick Advertiser. A VETERAN.—At Ruishton, near Taunton, on Sept, 4, James Jenkins, aged 104, died. In early life he was a seaman in a slaver, afterwards in the Marines, was in Captain Strangeway's company on board the Glatton frigate, Captain Trollope, when she fought a t rench squad ron of eight ships off Helvoetsluys, nu July 16, 1796, and helped his captain, when mortally wounded, to go below, by order of Captain Trollope, who observed Capt. Strange way was faint from loss of blood, but persisted in remaining on deck encouraging his men. He was afterwards in the Amethyst, Capt. Seymour, when the French frigate Thetis was taken after a desperate battle, in which he was wounded and disabled for life, for which he received a medal in 1848. His pension was 114 10s. per annum. He has left a widow 93 years of age, a hale woman, who attended on him to the last, and who now must apply for parochial relief.- - Western Daily Press. RUMOURED SALE OF CLYDE STEAMERS TO TOE CONFEDERATES. —The favourite and crack steamer lona , was withdrawn from her station between Glasgow and Ardrishaig on Monday last, the beautiful saloon steamer Fairy taking her place. %Ve are told that this withdrawal is caused by the lona having been sold to the Confederates in America. It is also rumoured that the fine Belfast paddle steamer Giraffe, and the West Highland steamer Clydesdale have also been disposed of to the same parties. If this be true, then the very flower of our Clyde passenger steamers have been withdrawn, to mak e room, i t i s h ope d, for others, equal at lea st, if not superior to those we sha ll have lost. The lona is a steamer of world-wide fame. She has carried thousands upon thousands of passengers over the famed royal route for years, many of them from the most remo t e parts of the globe; and go where she will, she will maintain the character of our Clyde builders and engineers.—Arwth