The Sun. — London, England, 1862-05-01 00:00:00

LIFE OR FIRE INSURANCE SHARES, WANTED TO PURCHASE. Particulars, with price, address, prepaid, to J. A., 22, Morton-place, Pimlico, S.W. (IJiRISTY'S MINSTRELS. The Original, Well-known, and only CHRISTY'S MINSTRELS are performing- nightly to crowded houses at the POLYGRA PHIC HALL, King William-street, Strand. Tickets to be had at Mr. Mitchell s Royal Library, 33, Old Bond-street ; Mr. Austin's Ticket Office, St. James's Hall, Piccadilly.= Morning- Performance every Saturday at three o'cloCli.— W. P. COLLINS, Sole Proprietor. ARGYLL ROOMS.—Series of New Music,. Valses, Quadrilles', and Polkas, by the unrivalled Band of 50 performers, under the sole direction of Mons. Bour,- CORT, Conductor and Composer. This gentleman will play every evening. at 11 o'clock, until further notice, variations arranged by himself on the Cornet-a-Piston.—The free-list will be open for the profession by leaving their card at the door. By order of the Proprietor. Manager, Mons. P. Grenet. Admission Is. • IRENOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, and PHY - SIOGNOIIY.--. - -11"essm. FOWLER and WELLS, from Arrierica, wiii - LEcTuitE in EXF,TER HALL, May 1; on " How tof Read Ch arac t er ;" 2d, " choice of Pursuits ;" 3d, "A Good Memory.'? Reserved scats, .2s. ; unreserved, Is. Open at half.past 7, commence at. S. Consultation Rooms, 147, Strand, W.C. To TRADESMEN. MERCHANTS, and others. WALLACE BROWNLOW, Advertising and Com mission Agent, will be happy to contract with merchants and. tradesmen far CONDUCTING their ADVERTISING. Commerical business transacted, situations procured, loans obtained, and accounts collected on reasonable commission. —Address 10, Claremont-place, Judd-street, London, W.C. Acknowledged agent for this paper. 'TEETH. , 'METH. TEETH . -I- One Set :amarante(d.to.last a lifetime, and made in a few hours, in Patent Vulcanised Pink India Rubber; to be had only of , 111 r. PAVERSON, Surgeon Dentist, 91, Fleet street, city. ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION FOR THE PRESERVATION OF LIFE FROM SHIPWRECK, (Incorporated by Royal Charter). P ATRONESS —Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen. Tri rsinEber—Vice-Admiral his Grace the Duke of Northuni berland, K.G., F.R.S. CitArnmArr—Thos. Baring, Esq., M.P.,_F.R.S.,V.P. DEPUTY-CITAIRBIAN—Thornas Chapman, Esq., F.K.S., V.P. APPEAL. The Committee of Management have to state that, during the past two years, the Institution hag, d„ incurieezTpyme s . • amount;nz to R 28,650 on various Life-boat-Establish/iambs 'on the Coasts of - Eng'and, Scotland, and Ireland. During- the past two years the Life-boats of the National ,Life-boat Instituti on h ave been instrumental in rescuing The Crews of the following Vessels:— Schooner Ana - Mitchell, of Montrose Schooner Jane Roper, of Ulverstone Brig PP_lias, of Shields .. • Skip Ann Mitchell, o f Glasgow .. Firmer John Buhl, of Yarmouth . • Schooner Catherine, of Newry Barque Niagara, of Shields .. Barge of Teignmouth Brig George and James, of London Brig Zephyr, of Whitby •• •• Coble Honour, of Cullercoats • Schooner Eliza, of North Shields . • Barque Ober on , of Liverpool Brigantine Nancy, of Teignmouth Smack Wonder, of Teignmouth Brig Scotia, of Sunderland Sloop Three Brothers, of Goole .. Sloop Charlotte, of Woodbridge .. Brig Ann, of Blyth • • •• Sloop Hope, of Dublin •• •• Schooner Druid, of Aberystwyth ••.. Barque Vermont, of Halifax, U.S. Schooner William Keith, of Carnarvon .• Brig Flying Fish, of 'Whitby • • • • Smack Elizabeth A nn , o f Lyme Regis .. Steam Dredge, at N ew h aven .. • Schooner Admiral H oo d , of Rochester • Schooner Susan an d Isabella, of Dundee . .. `...etiooner Bose, of Lynn • • •• Brig Prodroma, of Stockton Brig Eliza, of Middl es b orough .. Brigantine Freia, of Konigsberg Brigantine Diana, of Fredrikshamn Brig Gloucester, of South Shields .. Brig Lovely Nelly, of Seaham Brigantine Nugget, of Bideford .. Schooner Prospect, of Berwick • • Sloop Thomas and Jane, of St. Ives A Fishing-boat of Whitburn •• Brig Arethusa, of Blyth •• • • Schooner Dew! Wyn, of Portmadoc Flat Cymraes, of Beaumaris Schooner of Morecambe Smack Gipsy, of Newry Schooner Marf.,raret Anne, of Preston Brig view Draper, of Whitehaven Schooner William, of Liverpool l ugger Nimrod, of Castletown Brig Providence, of Shields Brig Mayflower, of Newcastle .. • • .. 8 Schooner Village Maid, of Fleetwood .. 4 Barque Guyana, of Glasgow .. • . .. 19 Brig Roman Empres s , o f Shields .. • • .. 10 Brig San Spiridio ne, o f Galaxide • . Schooner Voador du V ouga, o f V i enna .. 28 French Brig La Jeune Marie Therese .. 6 • Barque Perse verance, of Scarborough .. 5 Schooner Elizabeth, of B r id gewa t er Ship Danube, of Behest Schooner Hortensia, ot Hanover .. .. 4 Schooner Oregon, of Ston e h aven •• •• .. 4 Brig St. Michel, of Marlins .. • • • . 8 Spanish Barque Prim era d e T orreviega (saved ves sel and one of the crew) Schooner Hurrell, of Penzance (saved vessel and crew) .. •• • • •• •• •• 4 Prig Anne, of Plymouth (saved vessel and crew) 8 Schooner Betsy, of Peterhead (saved vessel and crew) .. •• • .• • 4 . • • • 6 Barque Frederick, of Dublin .„ .• Barque Peace, of London .. .. • • 2 Lugger Saucy Lass, of Lowestoft • .. 11 Schooner Fly, of Whitby (saved vessel and crew of four hands) .. • . • • . 4 Smack Adventure, of H arw i c h .. .. 10 Pilot cutter Whim, of Lowestoft .. • • • 7 Barque Undaunted, of Aberdeen .. • • .. 11 Wrecked boat on Bl ac k water Bank, on the Irish coast, saved one man Schooner Skylark, of Folkestone .. Brig Lively, of Cl a y, N orfolk .. Barque Robert Watson, of Sunderland .. Schooner Auchincruive, of Grangemouth .. Schooner Friends, of Lynn Schooner Eliza Anne, of Dublin .. Brig Content, of Sunderland Smack Ellen Owens, of Cardigan . • • Galliot Epimachus, of A ms t er d am .. • .. 1 .. 6 .. 3 • . i .. 15 • .. 5 • .. 4 • 8 • - 5 Total 498 For these and other Life-boat services the Institution has voted £1,893 as rewards to the crews of the Lifeboats. It has also granted rewards amounting to £515 10s. for saving 373 shipwrecked persons, by shore-boats and other means, mak ing a total of 871 persons saved from a Watery grave during the last two years. The number of lives saved by the Life-boats of the Society, and other means, si nce it s formation, is upwards of 12,2(0; for which services 82 Gold Medals, 704 Silver Medals, and £15,250 in cash have been granted as rewards. The Institu tion has also expended £57,200 on Life-boat Establishments. The public cannot but sympathise with the vigorous efforts now being made by the Society to save the lives of Ship wrecked Crews. Their help was never more needed than at the present time, when, through the extraordinary exertions She Society has made within the past few years, it has now One Hundred and Twenty-one Life-boats under its man agement, for the maintenance of which, in a state of thorough efficiency, a large permanent annual income is absolutely needed, if its humane mission is to be perpetuated. The Committee gratefully acknowledge the following con fributions Her ]%Tajesty the Q u e en e. d Clark, Mrs. .. • annual 50 0 0 • • • • • • annual 210 0 Clerk, Colonel, R.A. • • .. annual 11 0 Cotton, Sir St. Vincer.l, Bart.. don. 25 Coutts and Co.,lVltlssrs., Bankers .. .. annual 10 0 0 Digby, G W.. Sherborne Castle .. annual 5 0 0 Erie, Lord Chief Justice . don. 10 10 0 Fanshawe, Vice-Admiral Sir A., K.C.B. 2d don. 25 0 0 liarry, Rev. G. G. and Mrs. . don. 30 0 Larabton, Messrs. W. H. & Co., Bankers .. don. 21 0 0 Lauesborough, the Earl of .. .. annual 5 0 0 Martin, Sir Henry, Bart. 7th don. 10 0 0 Moore, Rev. G. B. •. .. don. 15 15 0 Tiobartes, T.. 7. Agar, Esq., M.P. anneal 5 0 0 Smith, Mrs. George, Greenwich .. annual 3 0 0 Stirling, Col. Sir Anth ony , K . C .B. annual 2 0 0 Donations and Annual Fnheeriptionswillbe thankfully re ceived by the Bankers of the Institution, Messrs. Willis, Percival, and Co., 76, Lombard-street; Messrs. Coutts and Co., 59, Strand ; Messrs. Herries, Farquhar, and Co., 16, St. Jame Vs-street, London ; by a'l the Bankers in the United Kingdom; and by the Secretary, Richard Lewis, Esq., at the Office of the Institution, 14, John-street, Adel hi Lon don, W.C. Payments may be made by Cheques or by Post-office Orders (Crossed), to Messrs. W 111 s, Percival, and Co., or to the Secre tary. Just published, price 25., free by post, 2s. 4d., N SPERMATORRHCBA. By F. B. COITETENAY, M.R.C.S.E., And formerly Surgeon to the Metropolitan Infirmary for the Cure of Strictures of the Urethra. " The aim of the author is to present a common-sense view of the Causes, Nature, Consequences, and Treatment of this Disease, as also to free th ese ques ti ons f rom the Professional Fallacies, the Popular Delusions, and the exaggerations of Quackerty by Whi c h t h ey have hitherto been surrounded, to the dbjestrects ucion of the health an d h app i ness of thousands. These tnanner o are discussed in a common-sense an d hi g hl y pract i cal ."—Medical Circular. London : H. liailliere, 219, Regent-street." riIHE VIGOUR OP YOUTH RESTORED IN FOUR WEEKS by Dr. RICORD'S ESSENCE OF LIFE. -p This wonderful agent will restore m anhood to the mons, t shattered constitution, whether arittn from self ollutio excesses, nocturnal emissions, the effects of climate, or natu ral causes. The time required to cure the most inveterate case is four weeks ; a n d, if used according to the Printed in.. structions (which are very simple). failure is impossible. This life-restoring remedy should be taken by all about to marry, as its effects are permanent. It is acknowledged b y the medical press to be the greatest discovery ever made. Success in every case is as certain as that water quenches thirst Dr. Iticord's Essence of Life is sold in cases, with full in structions for use, at 11s., or four quantities in one for 335., and will be sent to any part of the world, carefully packed, on receipt of remittance or post-office order payable to Prout and Co., Patent MedieineWarehouse, 229, Strand, London. DR. CURTIS' MEDICAL WORK, MANHOOD : - • A ME ()MAL ESSAY ON S PERMA TO RRTHE NERVOUS AND GENERATIVE DEBILITY, &o. Just Published, the 1.50 th thousand, with numerous plates, in a sealed envelope, price Is., Sold by all Booksellers, and cent post paid, by the Author, forl2 stamps, NI Ammon : the CAUSE and CURE of PRE MATURE DECLINE IN MAN, with Plain Directions ler Perfect Restoration to Health and Vigour. By Dr. J. L. Corm% 15, A.bermarle-street, Piccadilly, London. CONTENTS: INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological Etrrcture and Functicns of the Reproductive Organs. CHAPTER IL—Causes of Spermatorrhcea and Impotence; Farlv Vicious Indulgences; Dangers of Neglect. CHAPTER I IL—A Review of the various Disqualifications of Marriage; whether resulting from Youthful Abuse, the Follies of Maturity, the Effects of Climate, or I n f ec ti on. CHAPTERS IV. and V. on the modern Treatment of Got orrheer. and Syphilis... _ _ The Book enelaes with numerous varied and interesting aces. to which is added the Author's recipe of a preventive Lotion. REVIEWS Old' THE WORK. "Curtis on Manhood.—This is a trill , valuable work, and hc,uld be in the hands of young and old "—" Sunday Times," 11 - i arch, 18M "The author has conferred a great boon by publishing this little work, in which la described the source of those diseases which produce decline in youth or more frequently premature oh age."—" Daily Telegraph," Mann 27, 1856. This work, which for twenty years has stood the test of prefessional criticism and empirical hostility, treats in a plain and sympathising- manner on the various disqualifications an d impedimenta arising from nervous excitement and de- Limy ; and to invalids suffering from youthful errors and mccs gea it will be found valuable and useful."—Record. London : Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick Lane, Pater noster-row; Mann. 29, Cornhill. Moore of Consultation - 10 to a end 0 to *i sundaye, 10 till 2 THE PRESENT DISTRESS IN TRADE fully explained in J. GROSSMITH'S " GOVERNMENT UPON FIRST PRINCIPLES." The cause is there predicated of the monetary difficulties ex perienced in 1880. The Crisis is at hand. Anxiety in busi ness has now become the grim torture. Purity of motive. Intelligently exercised, must animate all Governments, or all is lost, All denominations of Constitutions are carefully examined in J. Grossmith's "Government upon First Prin. ciples." N°. 21,790. PUBLIC...kTION, 13, GREAT MARLTIOROrMI-STREET. H URST & BLACKETT'S NEW WORKS, NOW READY. . THE LIFE op EDWARD IRVING, Minister of the National Scotch Church, London. Illustrated by his JOURNAL an a l CORRESPONDENCE. By Mrs. OLIPHANT, 2 vols. Bvo., with Portrait, 30s. "Mrs. Oliphant's work is admirable, presenting a roost living, consistent, vivid picture of Irving."—Macmillan's Magazine. THE, CHURCH AND THE CHURCHES ; or, . The Papacy and The Temporal I'ower. By Dr. DOILINGER. Translated, with the Anthor'S sanction, by W. B MAC CARE. 1 vol., 15s. THE PRIVATE DIARY of RICHARD, DUKE of BUCKINGHAM and CHANDOS. 3 •cols., Portrait, 31s, ficl. RECREATIONS OF A SPORTSMAN. By Lord WILLIAM LENNOX. 2 vols., with Illustrations, 235. . THIRTY YEARS' MUSICAL RECOLLEC TIONS. By HENRY F. CHORLEY. 2 vols., with Por traits, 21s. (Just ready). STUDIES FROM LIFE. By the Author of " John. Halifax, Gentleman." Illustrated by Holman Hunt. 58., bound. Forming the New Volume of "Hurst and Blaekett's Standard Library of Cheap Editions of Popular Modern Works." THE NEW NOVELS. OWEN: A WAIF. By the Author of " High Church" and "No Church." 3 vols. CAN WRONG BE RIGHT ? By MRS. S. HALL. 2 vols. "The best story Mrs. Hall has written "—Athenaeum. SATURDAY STERNE. By J. E. READE. 3 vols. "An original, well written book."—Daily News. THE WHITE ROSE' - OF OHAYLEIGII. 3 vols. - • - -- - f-rtreieierlovel."—Examiner. PASSAGES IN THE LIFE OF A FAST YOUNG LADY. By Mrs. GREY. 3 vols. MRS. BLAKE. By Mrs. NEWTON CROS LAND. 3 vols. (May 0.) Immediately, in 1 vol. Bvo., 145., bound, AN EMBASSY TO THE COURT OF ST. JAMES'S IN 1840. By M. GUM r, Ambassador from His Majesty Louis PHILIPPE. Including Ske ches of Lords Palmerston, Melbourne, Aberdeen, Lansdowne, Russell, Grey, Holland; Lady Dur ham, Duke of Wellington, tilt. R. Peel, Stratford de Red cliffe, Macaulay, Jeffrey, Dr, Arnold, Hallam, Daniel O'Con nell, John Wilson, Croker, Archbishop Whately, Mr. and Mrs. Grote, Mrs. Fry, Lady Jersey, Lord Lyndhurst, &c. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street Popular Edition, price ss. ; Library Edition, in two vols., with all the Illustrations of John Leech and George Cruiksho.nk, 155., THE INGOLDSBY LEGENDS; OR, MIRTH AND MARVELS. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. NOTICE. —. A fresh supply of the new T a l e , b y the Author of " Uncle Tom's Cabin," " THE PEARL OF ORE'S ISLAND," will be in the hands of all Book sellers in town and country on Friday next Complete edi tion, handsomely bound, ss. ; or in cheaper form, in two parts—part 1., ls. ed. ; part 11., 2s. London : Sampson Low, Son, and Co., 47, Ludgate-hill, E.O. Kent and Co., Paternoster-row. ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library, and Dining-room, consisting of a new and elegant assort ment of VASES, Figures, Groups, Candlesticks, Obelisks, Ink stands, beautiful inlaid Tables, Paper weights, &c., in Italian, Alabas er, Parian, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &o. Imported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mine ralogist to her Majesty, 149. Stand. W.C., London. Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS, MINERALS, ROCKS, and FOSSILS. which will greatly facilitate 'he interesting study of MINERALOGY, CON CHOLOGY, and GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas each. PRACTICAL INSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE RALOGY is given by Mr. TENNANT, at 149, Strand, W.C. TEA.—STRACHAN and CO.'S Strong Rough " Domestic" Black at 3s. 4d. per lb.-26, Cornhiil, London, E.C. TEA.—STRACHAN an d CO.'S Fine " Inter mediate " Black at 38. Bd. per lb.-2G, Cornhill, Lou don, E.C. TEA. STRACHAN and CO.'S Delicious Drawinc Room" Black at 4s. 2d. per lb.—? 6, Corn hill, London, E.C. Dr. Liassall's Certificate of Purity, and a Price Current free on application, 26, Cornhill, London, E.C. „',IAUCE.—LEA AND PERRINS ►►- 1 beg to caution the Public against Spurious Imitations of their world-renowed WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE. Purchasers should ASR POR LEA AND PERRINS' SAUCE, Pronounced by Connoisseurs to be "THE ONLY GOOD SAUCE.” *** Sold Wholesale and for Export, by the Proprietors, Wrrcester ; Meurs. CROSSE and BLACEWELL; Messrs. BAR CLAY and Solis, London, &c., &c., and by Grocers and Oilmen universally. RUPTURES.—BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT. WHITE'S MOO-MAIN LEVER TRUSS (PERFECTED AND EXHIBITED IN THE GREAT EXHIBITION or 1851), is allowed by upwards of Two Hundred Medical Gentlemen to be the most effective invention in the curative treatment of HERNI A. The use of a steel spring, so often hurtful in its effects, is here avoided—a soft bandage being worn round the body, while the requisite resisting power is supplied by the Hoc-Main Pad and Patent Lever, fitting with so much ease and closeness that it cannot be detected, and may be worn during sleep. A descriptive circular may he had,' and the truss, which cannot fail to fit, forwarded by post, on the cir cumference of the body, two inches below the hips, being sent to the manufacturer, Mr. WHITE, 228, Piccadilly. A Single Truss, 165., 215., 265. Cd., and 31s. 6d. Postage, ls. A Double Truss, 31s. 6d., 425., and 525. 6d. Postage, is Bd. An Umbilical Truss, 425. and 525. Bd. Postage, is. lOd. Post-office Orders to be made p a y a bl e to John White Post office, Piccadilly. JEW PATENT ELASTIC STOCKINGS KNEE-CAPS, &c., for Varicose Veins and all eases of Weakness and Swelling 01 the Legs, Sprains, &c. They are porous, light in texture, and inexpensive, and are drawn on ean ordinary stocking. Price 4s. 6d., 7s. 6d., 108., to 16s. each. Postage 6d. JOHN WHITE, Manufacturer, 228,Ticcadilly. DR. CULVERWELL'S LAST NEW WORK, OURSELVES. On Spermatorrhcea, Syphilis, Stricture, HEemorrhoids, Gleets, Nervous Debility, Palpitation, &c., &a. MARRIAGE : Its Expectances and Disapp' tments. Impediments removed, and Healthy Offspring secured. Price is., by post ls. id. ; of Mann, 29, Cornhill ; or Author, 3, Great Marlborough-street, Oxford-street, W. Consultations daily from 12 a.m. till 9 p.m. GIVEWAWAY TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS. HENRY SMITH, M.D., of the University of Jena, has just published, for the benefit of Nervous Sufferers, a FREE EDITION of his valuable work, THE WARNING VOICE TO YOUNG MEN (120 pages). A medical work on the cure of Nervous Debility, Loss of Memory, Dimness of Sight, Lassitude, Indigestion, Dislike 'o Society. Spermatorrheea, Local Weakness, Muscular Re axation, Languor, Listlessness, Depression, &0., which, if neglected, result in consumption, insanity, and premature aeath ; with pain directions for perfect restoration to health nd vigour. The book will be sent, post free, secure from ob' Rervation, to any address, on receipt of a directed envelope and two stamps. Address, HENRY SMITH, M.D., 3, Durton crescent, Tavistock-square, London, W.C. Fost Free 12 stamps, ON - the' Successful TREATMENT and CURE of SPERMATORRHCEA, by a Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians. H. J. Smart, 10, Ave Maria-lane, Paternoster-row, London. AN EFFECTUAL REMEDY.—LAMBERT'S ASTHMATIC BALSAM, without confining the bowels or affecting the head, truly efficacious and pleasant, Is admitted to be the best medicine for immediately relieving ennas, colds, confirmed cases of asthma, and consumption. f tfr ,,, eq . newly curespersons whom the faculty pronounce in- Cura.,e admirably allays the tickling which provokes frequent coughint , -n a Pproaching consumption its effects are truly benellcia Persons deprived of sleep, or even lying down for fear of suffocation, _,,, ra a r y e d d e o p n e l n y d a n o n d relief by a w l e. Lambert, term crated Haymarket London, and by all Bead-. and three times the quantity in Cr afterh u e 17 a g g il tapings si s 2 , l n b can t 1 n Particular, and ask for Lambert' s o k n s e tii 2 ma s. t9lCd.Baelascahm. . POST -OFFICE TU RKISH BATHS, 19, St. Martin's -le-Grand. ; sundaae is. till 2s. A ti n ll E s, s e s nil y l s o . i d T . II from ßm s s t H ill B9A,rnr, 1. ,-, , gratis. OPINIONS Or THE PRESS. " The Use and the Abuse of the Turkish Bath.—A very useful pamphlet has been published by Dr. Culverwell, the if they proprietor of the Turkish Baths in the neighbourho o d o f th e Post-office, which presents to the uninitiated a mass of inte resting information, while those who have already encouraged this new system will derive additional advantage observe some of the practical regulations which the writer endeavours to enforce."—Herald and Standard, N0v.12, 18131. " The Post-office Turkish Baths, 19, St. Martin's - le-Grand. —Dr. Culverwell has already established the reputation of an able physician; he has now proved himself to be a worthy philanthropist, in as far as he h as es t a blished, in the heart of the City, an institution that more nearly than any disco very of modern days, goes nearer the abolition of the practice of physic, than any proposition or invention yet established, the Turkish Bath. . . Our object being merely to direct the attention of our City readers to the fact that they possess one of the best set of baths, at 19, St. Martin's-le-Grand , which the country can produce; perfect in all its appliances , and most admirable in effect. Dr. Culverwell has fitted up his baths with a degree of elegance, luxury, and refinement, which, considering the space at his disposal, is truly sur prising, while everything that taste or delicacy could desire has been obtained to add to the comfort and luxury of the visitor. . . We may justly say that if a man ever feels himself regenerated and new made, it is oncoming out:of_a Turkish Bath."—Era, 0ct,13, 1851. Consultation' daily till 12 _ - - - 7 - • 1 / / 7 /7 7? -- __ __ e _ t _ ~,,...e•_ _ ' ....e - __,.,-- 4g-'-- 27 , " ;- I # '- Z -Ge. -el_.. e . . c.z . -7 .„- s , . 1 - 1• 14 V 1 -' • ..L,' ++•.' 'i . \ , /////...--- c.. , ---...._, -- • 44#' o,rl N. ' ' 7l -44' • t_ ! lirwre • . . , ....,...,.._ „ .. ... , . .. , . . _ . ~- ~ ~ '''-k•\ ... . . , N1'..... , -. ,_ :: , :..' , : 14. --:, , ... ...... 8 _'. -- ,li .. , 2 4 4011, 4147rg . i . ;: , ), 04,.. " : 4 :i7 ,.. 0 21 .,.. 1 :4 2 1 , ,:t.ll l / 4 : ,:i ..4.......; 1 :4 , 4 7 44‘ f :a t ' ,„. . , . ' , • f i - 7z . , , i' .l.' . j).. - , ..., •''' A . ~.. \ . ' • ', ,:. ' ..'"t- . c., -, , , i- • ~ . cf - , J ,-47 - 4 ;--, --, , A ' - ~,,,. ~,-:- • , --‘, . • ~.., , ,-/ _ ~...., r• 4 ~,or ~. • , aky,,, , ~,. „,,,t, ct , 4 A...- • !--`, ~ \ - - 7, -. a; , ~,, t. l / 4.. .....,..j) II: 7 ,`" • . Yt, 4, , c , v ~SO S , ; t"!,r0.7"-e. ROIT •' w. 4 '," - *::-....-7 - -- 4111 -i .;_, ..,.. --...........-- ....- -IT " This limning -. the sun peeped out of the hoti zon, and seen illumined a clear sky; a slight haze was perceptible on the water, which for a short time obscured the vision, but at 7 a.m., it cleared up, and instanter the rebel fleet was seen abreast of ewell's Point. The announcement of the ap proach of the rebels created no little excitement, as at the tithe their fleet appeared running directly for this point. The signal gun at the fortress was fired, and in a few minutes the garrison was under arms; and the artillerists,. composed of rl.etach ments of - the Naval Brigade and Wisconsin Artil lery, Seem after manned the guns on the parapet of the fortress. The large fleet of Union schooner .transports which was anchored in the roaes, - on seeing the rebel fleet, slipped their moorings, and, favoured by wind and tide, were aeon out of harm's way. Many of those in Hampton Cove, restricted by the narrow and serpentine channels, not being able to get cut of themselves, were assisted by thu steamtugs, of which there are a number here. Thu little Monitor, which . has bEen anxiously awaiting the reoppearanco of the Merrimec, on seeing the latter approach got ready for action by clearing her decks, lowering her smoke and steam pipes, slip ping her anchor, and in less than 10 minutes was ready for action. The orders from Flag officer Goldsborough were, however, to act strictly on the defensive, and to give battle only when the rebel craft should approach a certain given point. The Merrimac and her consorts mean while had approached to within four miles of the Lortress, and there she stopp e d, having, as it after wards proved, a certain boundary, without the range of the guns of the fort, over which she would not pass. The French war steamer Catinat, which was anchored near the Monitor when the Merrimac hove in sight, and was taking in water from a Union schooner, took up her anchor•, and, taking the schooner under the protection of her flag, proceeded to a point between hero and Newport's News, where she had already been pre ceded by the French war steamer Gassendi, and the British steamer Rinaldo. The steam transports State of Maine, Mystic, South America, and others with troops, were in the harbnur, but soon moved to a haven of safety out :*of the range of the threatened point. The Monitor, in her defensive attitude, joined by the Stevens battery Naugatuck, steamed around in the roads, at times showing their broadsides defiantly at the rebel fleet. The rebel fleet seemed to take a cowardly advantage of the presence of the foreign vessels in the roads, and kept continually under their cover, so that had our policy been on the offensive, we could not have fired a shot at the rebels without endangering the neu tral vessels. Things remained pretty much, in state quo, the rebel fleet baCking and filling, at times running up to the Merrimac fOr orders, and then steaming away. At nine P'elook, a.m., the rebel gunboat Patrick Henry left the fleet and ran into Hampton Cove by the inside channel leading from Newport's News Point towards Hampton village. At first it seemed to be a manoeuvre t® induce the Monitor to change her position ; and others supposed the rebel steamer had hostile de signs on the Federal camp at Hampton' (Camp Hamilton). The sequel to the problem was soon discovered, when the rebel craft subsequently joined by the rebel steamer Teaser, was seen cutting out two Union brigs and a schooner, which were at anchor about two miles from shore. The affair was deeply humiliating, and no efforts were made by our fleet to prevent the outrage until after the rebel steamers were escaping with their prizes and under full headway for Norfolk, when the gunboats Octarora and Naugatuck were sent up Hampton Cove to a point near where the stolen vessels had been anchored. The Patrick Henry towed her prizes to Norfolk, and returned to join the rebel fleet shortly after 12 (noon). A. largo number of rebel excursionists on steamers followed the fleet down from Norfolk to see the fun ; but were doomed to disappointment, as no fight occurred up to five p.m., up to which time the rebel fleet confined themselves to the bounds established by them in the morning. At this time the Monitor ie at her old moorings, but ready for action at any moment. The flagship did not approach the threatened scene of conflict, but was anchored several miles down the bay, from which point all orders had to be communicated. General 'Wool, with his Staff, was busy throughout the day, mak ing the most ample preparation to guard against and meet the assaults of the rebel fleet. The Merii mac and her rebel consorts returned to Norfolk from the roads at half-past five o'clock last evening, without having induced our fleet, including the Monitor, to give battle on equal grounds. Before leaving, however, she exchanged a few shots •at long ranges with the Union gunboats Octarora and Stevens battery Naugatuck, the latter lying at anchor in Hampton Cove. The practice of the Merrimac was very poor, her best gun. not throwing a - shot over three miles, while her opponents throw shot over three and a half miles—the Naugatuck, -with her superior 100-pound Parrot gun, throwing even further." Tho next point of attack on the Mississippi is thus described:—" Fort Randolph is on the east bank of the Mississippi river, near the town of Randolph, Tipton county, Tennessee, about 60 miles above Memphis, 160 below Columbus, and 180 be low Cairo. The position is naturally a strong one. Th e fort is a rough and incomplete earthwork, con structed last fall. It is built upon the Second Chickasaw Bluffs, more than 100 feet above the river, and immediately south of Island No. 34. The lower part commands the three mouths of the Hatohie river, and empties into the Mississippi,just above the town of Randolph, at the upper edge of the bluffs. These bluffs form natural parapets of batteries, and at this point command a view of the Mississippi river for six miles each way. Our iron. clad gunboats, however, by silencing whatever guns may be placed on island No. 34, might enter the northern mouth of the Hatchie out of the range of Fort Randolph. The town of Randolph, near which the town stands, consists of half a dozen or so dila pidated frame houses, and is approached in the rear by several good roads ; but the country behind it, being full of ravines and gorges, is capable of being fortified to an almost indefinite extent. The posi tion, however, is of no manner of use or benefit, ex cept to dispute the navigation of the river. It has no railroad communication,and as an army stationed there would have to depend upon the river exclu sively for the transportation of supplies, it would not require long to cut it off and starve it out." THE SHIPBUILDING ON THE CLYDE.—Messri. Burns have contracted with Messrs. R. Napier and Co. for a paddle to be placed on their line between Glasgow and Belfast. Messrs. J. and G. Thomson, have launched at Govan a screw named the Clydesdale, owned by Messrs. David Hutcheson and Co., of Glasgow, and intended for the West Highland trade, The Clydesdale is 500 tons burden, builder's measurement, and will be fitted with engines of 110-horse power on the inverted cylinder principle, with surface condensers and other recent improvements. Messrs. W. Denny and Brothers, of Dumbarton, are laying do wn two screws of 600 tons each, for Mr. W. M‘Farlane, who proposes to employ them in trading on the Chinese coasts. Messrs. Denny and Co. will supply each vessel with en gines of 100-horse power nominal. The Lotus, screw, re- , cently launched from the yard of Messrs. Henderson, Coulburn, and Co., of Renfrew, has m ade a satisfactor y trial trip. Tho Lotus, which will ca rry 700 tons with loft. fore and aft of water, is also intended for the China t ra c e , She is propelled by a pair of inverted diagonal oscillating engines, and attained on the trial trip an average speed of 13 miles an hour. She is 210 ft. long, 27ft. bre a dth o f 1 beam, and 16ft. deep. A SCENE AT THE DUMF RIES EXECUTION.—The Liverpool illereurY of ye s terday (Wednesd a y) s t a t es th a t "a most extraordinary scene took place. After Crderaft had pinioned the culprit, and the usual officers of justice appeared on the scaffold, a messenger in breathless haste, and bearing in his hand a document fr, m the railway office, was observed to be making his way through the crowd. Instantly the execution was stopped, it being con sidered certain that the man was the bearer of a reprieve from the. Borne Secretary. The document, which was ad dressed to the Governor of the prison, proved to be a letter forwarded to that office by a Mr. Butterfield, of Stamford street, Blackfriars-road, and requesting that the Governor would immediately forward a telegraphic message contain ing information as to the last moments of the unhappy woman. A telegraphic frank was enclosed, with an inti mation that the message must be in London immediately after the execution, as the writer wished to send a report to the evening papers, which "went to press" at one o'clock, The arrival of this request at such a moment caused some amount of indignation, and the Governor handed the letter to the reporter present, by whore A was copied.” `FITS SUN, LONDON, THU IRON'PLATED SHIPS OF WAR. Mr. E. J. Reid, in a letter to the Times, says : In the first place I find it necessary to mention that my plans have nothing whatever to do with mere coast defence vessels. Vessels of this descrip tion have, in my humble opinion, far too many ad• vocates already, I know of nothing which is likely to endanger our coasts at present, and, if anything should arise, the 15 iron-cased frigates already built or building ought to afford us ample protection at home, for none of them is likely to be long abroad. If this fleet is insufficient for the purpose . .., I dare say we should know how, in the hour of danger, to pro duce scores of-Merrimacs or Monitors out of the oil wooden hulls that crowd our h ar b ours , an d are fir for little else. The real danger to which England seems to me to be exposed at this crisis is that of letting her pre.eminent power upon the seas pass heedlessly away from her by neglecting her sea going navy; and it is with the view of averting, if it be possible, this calamity that I have developed my proposals, aad placed them before the Admi ralty. It should be remembered that unprotected wooden ships of war have been virtually condemned for at least three years ; yet, until a fortnight since, we had not begun to build a single protected vessel of less than 4,000 tons. To me this seems an appal ling fact, and somebody must bear the blame of it. It has been stated over and over again —and •the Board, of Admiralty seem to have believed the statemstiatkailWeiaParati--91v tall '‘d Avely sm, an, cheap protected ships of war cannot be built. Against this doctrine I have privately protested, and have for nearly two years urged the construction of such vessels. They cannot, we know perfectly well, be protected all over, and still be rigged and rendered seaworthy; but all their vital parts can be covered with armour, and that ought to be, and must be, held sufficient. Even the Warrior is not protected from end to end, and although the Minotaur and other vessels are to be, it is doubtful whether they will, on the whole, be benefited by the change. Most probably they will labour fearfully in a sea way. But, whether they will or will not, we have no choice ad regards corvettes, sloops, and gunboats. These small craft can onlyreceive partial protection. Recognising this, I have endeavoured to make the best possible use of the armour which such vessels can carry, and have employed it in shielding, both from shell and from ordinary shot, the following vital parts—viz., the engines and boilers, the guns, the magazine, the rudder head, the steering appa ratus, and the whole length of the ship between wind and water. How Ido this is a question which I must respectfully decline to answer for the pre, sent, because in this age of sharp naval competition even a few weeks of silence on such a subject may be of real advantage to us. I may mention, how ever, that in order to reduce as much as possible the quantity of armour which it is necessary to em ploy, I have placed the gun platform in a novel positioß ; and by another device have made the whole of the broadside guns available for fore and aft fire. The consequence is that the armament of the new plated ship will be even more effective than that of the present combustible vessel of the same class. For example, while the present broad side of a 17 gun sloop discharges 2881 b. of metal in nine small masses, the plated sloop of like dimen sions will deliver 2201 b. of metal in two masses only, and while the former ship can only fire one 32-pounder shct forward in the direction in which she is going and a similar one aft, the latter can fire two 110-pounders ahead and two more astern. In order to make the armament of this powerful character I have been obliged, in the particular class of vessel just mentioned, to sacrifice about a knot per hour of speed, for without some magic art it is impossible to put 200 or 300 tons of armour upon a ship and still preserve all her qualities unchanged, but there is nothing whatever in the plan to pre vent any desired rate of speed being obtained pro vided sufficient engine power be given. Another feature,concerning which manyinquiries have been wade, is the wooden bottom which has been given to the hull of the new ship. Some of my correspondents seem to think this unnecessary; others, I am glad to find, very strongly approve it. All I can say is that five-sixths of her Majesty's ships in commission, including all the small craft of course, necessarily run great risks of getting ashore, and that when a ship does go ashore she is very likely to profit immensely by having a thick, solid wooden bottom under her. Let any one read Mr. Oliphant's account of Lord Elgin's mission to China, for instance, and note how common a thing it was for the war vessels employed in that expe dition to ground on harbour-bars, charge sand banks at full speed, poise themselves upon the peaks of rocks, and otherwise test their strength below water; and then let him say if a thin sheet-iron bottom alone is fit for such services. Ido not contend that iron is an altogether unfit material for the purpose, but I believe that if it is to be used it must be protected with a stout sheathing of wood, and thus have the necessary strength and security afforded to it. This being so, and with the ship wrights of the royal dockyards needing employ ment (to say nothing of the timber in store there), it was an obvious advantage to keep the hull of the new ships of wood below, especially as we were thus enabled at the same time to protect the bottom from fouling by applying metallic sheathing in the usual way. I know it will be easy to raise objec tions to the course which has been taken is this respect, and I know also that the " iron at any price" party are pretty sure to find fault with it, but practical seamen and disinterested shipbuilders take the opposite view. But, while the wooden bottom has been pre served, it has been deemed undesirable to build the exposed portion of the ship of combustible material, and this, therefore, will be of iron. Some persons doubt, I find, whether the connexion between the two materials can be made good ; but I must con fess that such a doubt seems to me not only ground less, but almost frivolous under present circum stances. For my part I should hesitate before I cast a doubt even upon the practicability of Punch's notion of building " platinum ships with diamond cement," provided its realisation seemed serviceable to the nation at such a crisis as this ; and I cer tainly receive with impatience the suggestion that the naval architects of 1862 may not be able to raise an iron bulwark upon a wooden bottom ! The best answer to the objection is, however, that highly experienced shipbuilders are quite satisfied with the new arrangement. The most passing and certainly the most impor tant inquiries that have been made are these—hour many of these plated seagoing vessels are to be built, and how soon will they be ready ? To these questions, however, I am wholly unable to reply. They are for the Admiralty to answer, not me. I may state, however, that as soon as the new form of vessel was submitted to Admiral Robinson, the Controller of the Navy, he gave it instant and earnest consideration, and equal attention was be stowed upon it by the Board of Admiralty, nothing in the shape of routine being allowed to obstruct it. The consequence was that an order for its adoption in a vessel to be called the Enterprise was speedily issued, as already announced by you. Since that I have done my best to forward the preparation of the detailed drawings which are necessary, and to arrange for the commencement of the vessel. More than this I cannot state. I would avail myself of this opportunity of re marking, however, that the prompt and " enter prising" spirit which the Admiralty have thus far displayed in this matter is extremely necessary just now. lam afraid to mention the many changes and improvements in our war ships which seem to me to be in the highest degree desirable, but which short of a most enlightend and vigorous naval a d ministration can effect. In the race which nothing t nations are now running we are bound by the most solemn interest to take and to keep the first place, and Pus cannot possibly be done if we are to SDAY EVE NI G, MAY 1, 1862, jog along in the old ruts and at the old pace. It Will giVe' offence, I know, even to hint at this; in deed, the mere production of my design has proved offensive is some quarters; but the national inte rests now at-stake are so great that we cannot afford to defer to personal prejudices and apprehensions, for if we go through the next three years as leisurely as we have gone through the last three, our pre eminence s a naval power will most certainly be lost to 'us. On the other hand l it must never bo forgotten that we are bound the rightly as well as rapidly ; end hero - again-another danger awaits us. The counsels offered to the Admiralty in Parliament and elsewhere are various enough and extravagant entugh to distract almost any set of men. Mem has of the Hods° of commons, naval officers, pri vate shipbuilders, engineers, and even railway con tractors, all set themselves up nowadays ; in the most confident manner conceivable, as great autho rities on the eonatruction of ships of war; and Mr. Cobden actually reproaches the Admiralty (in his pamphlet ou ". The Three Panics") for not follow ing the guidance of gentlemen of the greatest abi lity undoubtedly in other spheres, but who are probably as iittic CAtialified to design ships of war as they would be to take a fleet into action. It ought not, must not, be f4gotten that the construction of a ship-of-war is a spfcial and an exceedingly diffi cult art, and that to viand the designing of our navy over to amateurs' Would be the most fatal of all dangerous measures. I may be allowed, I hope, to say this, having spent 10 years of my life in prac tically studying the art in question, and another 10 in watching the momentous changes which it has lately undergone. beau, aided by a contingent of Americans under Washington, were not only besieging the British with a force considerably exceeding two to one, but bad a powerful fleet in the river. There was no Merrimac in question; no friendly garrison Close at hand in a great arsenal; no command of the two great rivers forming the Peninsula; no base of ope rations in the population behind them. There aro very few Americans of the present day who do not believe the surrender of Cornwallis was a magnifi cent result of American skill and courage, and who would not be inclined to dispute that the French had "anything considerable" to do with it. They would be astonished to learn that but for the French it never would have happened at all. By private letters we learn that General M'Clellan is obliged to land a regular siege train under most difficult cir cumstances. His troops are greatly irritated by the conduct of the Government towards their favourite General. He has, under various pretences, and with a singular want of straightforwardness and consideration towards the man who was hailed a few months ago as Salvator Patrice, been deprived of 10,000 men, when his plans were all completed and he had taken the field to execute them. Rightly or wrongly, there are suspicions entertained that General M‘Dowell has not been acting with perfect loyalty towards his old comrade and recent commander, and great indignation is expressed against him by the Staff and by the officers of the regimeats under M'Clellan's orders. These small elements are not to be disregarded. The most seri. ous consequence of Mr. Stanton's recent degrada. tion of General M'Clellan into the post of comman der of a corps d'arnzec may prove to be that the Genenal cannot rely on General M'Dowell's co-ope ration, as he cannot command it, for that officer, as well as General Banks, is now free to report directly to the War Department, and to receive orders from Mr. Stanton exclusively. A New York paper. " doing Juistory to order," thus discourses of the first siege of Yorktown, and of the second siege, which is so singular a commentary on the first. What would the gentlemen who objected to a three penny tea-tax think if they found their great-grand children fighting under a tax upon everything for King Union against King Cotton ? Says King Union's man,-- "In the first instance the object of the wet was the establishment of the independent nationality of the Union against a powerful European enemy; in the second instance, our object is the maintenance of the integrity of the Union,' against the most causeless, foolish, and hopeless, and yet the most formidable, domestic rebellion in the records of any nation on the face of the earth. In the first of these two groat wars, after five years of a gloomy and doubtful struggle against superior numbers, re sources, and facilities for war by land and sea, the final issue was decided in favour of the Union in the successful siege of Yorktown ; in the present war, with all the advantages of superior numbers and warlike means and resources, and after a nu merous train of brilliant victories by land and water, who can doubt the issue of the second siege of Yorktown ? Surely it will virtually end the war, as did the first, in favour of the Union. But in view of tbo grand results depending upon the siege of York town of 1781, how insignificant appear the contending forces of that day compared with those now gathered around that famous locality ! The army surrendered by Lord Cornwallis amounted to 7,000 men; the combined forces besieging him consisted of 7,000 French troops, 5,500 American continentals, and 3,500 militia, amounting in all to 16,000 men. The killed, wounded, and missing of the British, during the hot work of a close siege of 19 days, from the let to the 19th of October inclusive, were some 552 men ; of the allies about 300. The artillery em ployed in the defences of Lord Cornwallis hardly amounted to 60 pieces, and these were chiefly six pounders, and the artillery investing him was largely composed of six-pounders. Now, with Gen. M'Clellan's approach to the work of besieging Yorktown, instead of a resisting force of 7,000, he finds himself in front of an enemy numbering per haps 100,000 men; and, instead of a little circle of defensive works, embracing 40 or 50 guns of the smallest calibres, he finds himself confronted by a yawning labyrinth of earthworks, extending across five or six miles, from river to river, and armed with perhaps not less than 500 heavy cannon, in cluding numerous 100-pounders and long range rifled pieces. And yet we are satisfied that Wash ington, in moving upon Yorktown from the north and west, in conjunction with a French fleet and army from the east, commanding both rivers and the peninsula, confident, as he had every reason to be, of a complete success, was not more confident than Gen. M'Clellan may justly feel of repeating the decisive victory of Washington. That he will do it we feel entirely assured, and if he should do it within Washington's limit of 19 days, or within a period twice as long, the country will appreciate the crowning glory of this achievement." The Confederates are well prepared indeed, and the American papers point with truth to the cir cumstance as an argument against the ridiculous re strictions on the press, and against the theory that the enemy are guided in their movements by the accidental and non-accidental or incidental corre spondents of the Northern papers. Had 20,000 men been sent round to Fortress Monroe in June, 1861, Norfolk could have been taken, the Merirmac never could have become the Virginia, and the second lines of Yorktown would never have existed. The circum stantial details of the New York papers which we have received have no military value whatever. They state : "There has been no change in our position since my last. It continued to rain hard all day yester day and last night, and one can form no conception of the depth of the mud, unless they chanced to visit Virginia during the latter part of the winter. The experience of the army thus far on the 'sacred soil' has been anything but a pleasant one. If we remain much longer in this mud hole, we shall lose more men from disease than we would by storming their batteries at the point of the bayonet. We have counted thirteen batteries on the river, besides some they are said to have at the back of these, and they undoubtedly have a large force to defend them. Several Southern gentry have come in and taken the oath of allegiance, and requested our General to place a safeguard' over their property, which was being appropriated by our troops. I believe their request has been granted in every instance, although I think the loyalty of some of them is very ques- tionable. One of them has five sons in the rebel army. He tells the same old story of being a Union man, and his sons were forced into the army. The rebel gunboat Teazer keeps a constant watch on our movements, moving backward and forward in the James river, near the mouth of the Warwick. Whenever she catches a glimpse of our pickets, she runs up and salutes them with a few shells. She is a small boat, and carries only one gun that we can discover. It would be well for some of our gun boats to teach her better manners. As near as can be ascertained, the force opposed to us at this point is 43,000, and they are being constantly reinforced. General Peck discovered the camp fires of eight new regiments on our left last night, and we can hear them cheer upon the arrival of every new regiment. " The exciting event of the day has been a balloon reconnaisance by General Fitz John Porter on a scale of rather larger magnitude than was intended. At five o'clock in the morning General Porter took his place in Professor Lowe's balloon. He supposed the usual number of ropes were attached to it, whereas there was only one, and a place in this, as was afterwards ascertained, had been burned by vitriol, used in generating gas. Taking his seat in the car, unaccompanied by any one, the rope was let out to nearly its full length—the length is about 900 yards—when suddenly snap went the cord and up went the balloon. This was an unexpected part of the programme. The men below looked up with astonishment, and the general looked down with equal bewilderment. ' Open the yalve,' shouted PRICE .... . —..4d. STAMPED ....sd. one to r of the with men great enbelo raidi w p .' ty Pl ; manage l i t,' responded lessened the general. Up wen t th e b a ll oon , hi g h e r, higher. i its huge form as it wildly mounted into the • regions of the upper air it became a speck in the sky. The wind was taking it in the direction of the enemy's territory. By this time every staff effieer and hundreds of others were looking at the moving speck. It is impossible to describe the anxiety felt and expressed for the fate of him, the central object of thought, in that faraway moving Ppeek, every moment becom ing less visible. It is seen to move in our direction. The countenances of our men brighten with bap s . It passes over our heads. Soon it begins to descend but with a rapidity that arouses renewed appre hension. Quickly a squad of cavalry, with Capt. Locke and Lieut. M'Quade, of the general's staff, plunge spurs into their horses, and dash away in the direction of the descending balloon. The rest of the story is as I received it from the general's own lips. While the rope was being payed out he adjusted his glass in readiness for his proposed view of the enemy's territory. A sudden bound of the balloon told him in a moment that the rope had given way. He dropped his glass, heard the call ' Open the valve,' made the response given above, and set about looking for the valve. He was sensible of being flighty (the general loves a pun as well as the next one), but was not at all nervous. He saw the wind had taken him over the line of the rebel intrenchments. Having no wish to drop in among them, he let the valve take care of itself, and pro ceeded to take advantage of his position to note the aspect of rebel objects below. Crowds of soldiers rushed from the woods, and he heard their shouts distinctly. Luckily he was above the reach of their bullets, so he was not afraid on this score. The map of the country was distinctly discernable. He saw Yorktown and its works, York river and its wind ings, and Norfolk and its smoking chimneys. A " counter current of air struck the balloon, and its course was reversed. Its retreat from over rebel dom was rapid. He opened the valve, the gas escaped, and down he came. He could not say how fast he came down, but it was with a rapidity he would not care to have repeated. The car struck the top of a shelter tent—under which luckily no one happened to be at the time—knocked the tent into ' pie; and left him enveloped in a mass of col- lapsed oil silk. He crawled out, and found him self in the middle of a camp, not a hundred rods from General M'Clellan's headquarters. ' I came mounted, you see,' was his remark to Gen. Burns, who was about the first man by his side. He gave the details of his aerial voyage to General Burns, who seeing the opportunity of getting off a joke, • could not lose it. ' You are a suspicious character,' remarked General Burns. ' How se ?' asked General Porter. 'ln the space of half an hour you have been taken up by a balloon and ar rested by a shelter-tent." And you have come down safe, I see,' Croke in Captain Locke, before the laughter at Gen. Burns's duet of puns; ' I came with this cavalry company to look you up.' I You ought to have sent flying artillery after me,' re joined Gen. Porter." While the Federals were picking their steps to wards the entrenchments at Yorktown the Confe derate fleet made a small demonstration, which is thus described in the .2Veto York Evening Post:— " Fortress Monroe, April 11. " The long-expected Merrimac is out last, and has been lying in full sight of us here all day, look ing black and mischievous as possible, but confin ing her warlike demonstration to looks. ' Will she fight ?' everybody asks. Yes,' seems to be the general reply; wait until the night closes down on us, and we shall have her at work !' Thus far not a gun has been fired, except two from the Rip Raps early this morning, when the Merri mac first appeared. I was enjoying my breakfast in the most comrortable manner on the steamer Commodore, M'Clellan's flagship, when the signal of the Merrimac's coming hurried me through the meal, and I hastened on deck. Far out at the mouth of James river, just off the short triangle of Smell's Point, the Merrimac and her companions were appearing in the hazy atmosphere of the morning— first their misty outlines, then in more sharply defined shapes,as they gradually approached down the channel, dignified, mysterious, and ter rible. Further in the rear the faint shadow of smoke arising from several points indicated the presence of other vessels, whose timorous approach so far behind indicated a peaceful character ; pro bably small steamers bearing spectators to the coming fight. It is a way they have at the South. It was so at Port Royal,when boatloads came down from Charleston and up from Savannah to see the Yankees driven back. They saw how the thing was done there, and I devoutly hope they are to have a second edition of the same experience herel On that occasion a vessel bearing the French and English flags was conspicuous among the fleet of sightseers, betokening the presence of the Consuls of the two nations. They have their representatives here as well. Close along the path by which the rebels approach are three war steamers, one bearing the Union jack and two the tricolour of France. Presuming on their nationality they have ventured far beyond our pickets, so to speak, and lie in loving proximity to the rebel vessels, determind to see the fight at all hazards. A boat has passed between the two, if my eyes de not deceive me, though from which the messenger proceeded I cannot tell. In light of this first beautiful day which has visited us during the week, thousands of spectators can be seen gathering on the shore, along the parapets of the fort, covering the roofs of buildings, crowding the yards of vessels; everywhere swarming, watch ing the progress of events and coolly speculating on the probabilities. None seem anxious ; few are much confident. We only watch and wait. But it is dull, with so little disposition to fight shown by either side. The Merrimac evidently wants the Monitor to come further out ; the Monitor is deter mined that the Merrimac should venture further in, and so, like two knights at a tournament, they measure each other's strength before engaging. It is an ugly little trap into which the Monitor would decoy her antagonist before attacking her. That single turret, with its pair of guns, is no longer our sole reliance and hope, though I for one believe them still our main protection, with the addition perhaps of the yet untried Stevens battery, which is steaming about. This still retains a little yellow coloured cabin, erected temporarily on the after deck, and looks precisely like a common tugboat, innocent of war. The Monitor steams leisurely about, her decks at times covered with men, and again deserted by all except the look out or two on the top of the broad tower. She has not gone at any time to-day half a mile from the shore, and a shot at her as she lies would send confusion into the fleet of merchant vessels at her back. But the Merrimac is yet too far off for that. Thus far the rebels have the laurels of the day, one of the gunboats having carried off a couple of brigs and a schooner, which lay too far out to be protected without a fight, which they were scarcely worth. As one of them was loaded only with sutler's stores, the quartermaster is consoled for her loss; another had hay ; of the third I knoa nothing. There:has been great commotion among the shipping here, and they have been flitting to and fro in search of a safe anchorage. Many of them have gotten under way, the expected fight not being supposed to interfere with the movements of transports. Some have gone out heavily laden with soldiers for General M'Clellan. If the Merrimac should successfully follow their track she might in a few hours avenge Corinth. There is little danger of this. Had she the hardihood to attempt it she could scarcely run the gauntlet of our batteries, gunboats, and forts, and escape alive. What she may or will do with the Fed eral flotilla is not so easily settled. It is certainly a curious sight for a people to witness on their o wn shores who were going to dispute with the great naval Powers of the world the possession of the high seas ! Another account says, under date of April 12 THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA. The departure of M. Mercier for Richmond, an nounced by telegraph, may well affect the Northern world with strong emotion, if he has really gone there. The Minister of France is a gentleman who has never for a moment concealed his belief that the North cannot succeed in the object it proposes to itself, and, who naturally regards the loss and in convenience caused to France by the prolongation of this strife as very useless concessions to the pride and lust of power of the people of the Northern States, who are neither grateful nor just towards those who maintain a strict neutrality regardless of their material interests. M. Mercier has always acted with the most perfect good feeling and cor diality in his relations with Lord Lyons, although he may not share the English Minister's kindly sympathies for the country to which he is accredited. There has been no Trent affair to stir up the passions of the unbridled democracy of the United States, or to turn the fulsome eulogiums of France in which their press indulged into rabid abuse, but the Minister of France has not been without evi dence of the shallowness of friendship which once nearly astonished the world with a display of its ingratitude, nor can he have quite forgotten that in one of his Buncombe proclamations Mr. Stanton insulted his country by calling her "infidel France." Nevertheless, if M. Merci er h as gone t o Ri c h mon d to open negotiations—and it may be remembered that our correspondent in his last letter stated that the Confederate Congress was reported to be sitting in secret session to consider the propriety of sending another envoy to Paris—it will be said, in all pro bability, that England has instigated the Emperor to interfere, and France will at the same time be threatened with destruction if she attempts to act as mediator. As yet the story is improbable, but is not so much so as the report that France was about to revoke her concession of belligerent rights to the South in consequence of the recent defeats of the Confederates. The real nature of the battle at Pitts burgh is more clearly developed by recent confes eiuuz and correspondence. Still more clearly will it be admitted as a Federal defeat if that trouble. some and utterly useless body, the Congressional Committee on the Conduct of the War, take it into their heads, as reported, to make an investigation into the causes of the Federal "surprise" on Sunday morning. An army which carries off from 8,000 to 10,000 prisoners and 36 pieces of artillery from the battle-field, and awaits the enemy in its intrench ments, cannot be called " routed and pursued," no matter what General Grant's instructions may have been. If General Grant, or any other General, were prevented by " previous orders," which must have been issued in ignorance of the future, from following a routed enemy, retaking his guns and prisoners, and occupying his intreneh ments, the sooner he is sent about his business the better for the Federal Government. Until the fact is demonstrated by precise indications it will be well to withhold belief from the assertion that the Con. federates are " shut up" in Corinth. There is no place where they can be so confined, nor any force capable of effecting it, but it is not improbable their communications may be threatened very seriously, and the intelligence that the bridges by which the railroad from Memphis to the East is carried over Bear Creek have been destroyed by a Federal expe dition, is in all probability correct. It is stated that the Union gunboats ascended the Tennessee river from Pittsburgh at night to a place called East port, and landed a party of men, who proceeded across country and destroyed the bridges across the swampy river which bears the above name. The interruption may be only temporary ; if it be per manent it will cut off the Confederates from any communication except with Mobile and New Orleans. There is little additional information in the Ame rican papers respecting the battle, but General Be4uregard's despatch may be accepted as an accu rate account of what occurred up to the date of the morning of the second day. His second despatch declares he merely retired to Corinth, which he in-, tends to hold at his discretion. He has certainly struck the Federal army advancing into Mississippi a tremendous blow in the face, and has staggered them for the time. The Federals admit their ene mies won a victory on Sunday, and are reduced to weak logic to show they were beaten on Monday. It is now confessed that Van Dorn did not reach Pittsburgh in time to take part in the action. A paragraph, dated St. Louis, April 14, states that the Confederates had 123 battalions, or 75,000 men, engaged ; the Federals, reinforced by Buell, must have had at least equal numbers. The same authority estimates the Federal loss at 8,000. Several of the Federal regiments are- openly named by the New York papers -as conspicuous for cowar dice, and are branded by name, number, and State. Some had only 200, 40, and 17 effectives on Mon day, but there are no means of knowing whether the absentees were hors de combat by their own exertions or by those of the enemy. An attempt to carry the position of Corinth in the present state of the Federals would not be very wise. On the whole, the effect of the gallant and well conceived attack of Generals Johnston and Beau regard has, for the time, paralysed the Federals, but it would not be fair to conceal that the loss admitted by the Confederates is very consider able, and that their Congress has been fain to mingle with congratulations on its victory natural expressions :of regret for the loss of such an able and gallant leader as he who had nearly gained a most signal success by - a movement only retarded by unexpected bad weather. The North is taught to believe that General Halleck, who has taken command of the troops, will soon attack the Con federates, and " no doubt" will " give them a pretty severe whipping." The arrest at Yorktown affords time fcr histori cal research, and it is discovered that the position of the present belligerents very nearly resembles that of the French and Americans on the one side, and of Lord Cornwallis on the other, in 1781. Not a bit of it. There is no parallel on either side, and no resemblance, except in so far as the ground mu pied by the belligerents may be identical in some `places along the lines, The French under &chain- ~ ~ -J° .~=~t: ve ve on ) i' ,~ a , 42 S 1 r