The Sun. — London, England, 1862-01-06 00:00:00

TLIE NAVY. Our Malta correspondent, under date of the 31st December, announces the arrival there the previous ay of her Majesty's steam sloop Trident, 6, from Corfu, and the departure, the same afternoon, for Gibraltar, of her Majesty's screw frigate Doris, 32, Captain Sir F. L. M'Clintock. The Doris had ar rived on the 28th from the coast of Syria, having received orders to repair to Malta with all possible despatch. She was immediately taken into dock, and the artificers and calkers were set to work at her day and night. The Doris is one of the ships intended to be sent to the North American and West Indian station. The local Council of Government of Malta, at its first meeting of the session on . the 30th December, voted an address of condolence to the Queen, ex pressing its deep regret and sympathy for the sad bereavement suffered by her Majesty in the lamented death of his Royal Highness the Prince Consort. Letters from Gibraltar of the 25th December an nounce the presence there at that date of the follow ing ships of war : English—The Algiers, 89, Capt. E. B. Rice ; the Queen, 86, Captain C. F. Hillyar ; the Firebrand, 6, Capt. S. M. Bruce ; the Cuckoo, 3, Lieut, F. Warden, C.B, ; the Procis, 1, Lieut. G, Palmer. French—the Coligny, 4. Her Majesty's ships Liffey, 51, Captain G. W. Preedy, C. 8., and Melpomene, 51, Capt. J. F. Ewart, left on the 22d for Halifax; and the Amphion, 36, Captain T. F. Birch, on the same day, for Lisbon, to join Rear- Admiral Dacres, C.B. The Agamemnon, 89, Capt. T. Hope, left on the 24th for Bermuda. At Alge siras there were the following Spanish men-of-war: —Two screw frigates, seven paddlewheel sloops, and two screw gunboats. A letter from Gibraltar, of the 25th, says ; —The melancholy intelligence of the demise of his Royal Highness the Prince Consort reached us on the 17th inst., and was confirmed on the 20th, on which day 43 minute guns were fired from the forts, and also from her Majesty's ship Amphion. The officers of the garrison and fleet have gone into mourning ; and tb.c flags of the fortress, and pendants and colours of her Majesty's ships, are hoisted at half mast. The French man-of•war, and the merchant ships of various nations in the port, have also testi fied their respect in a similar manner. The desti nation of the ships of war here is uncertain. The Racoon, 22, screw, Capt. W. C. Chamberlain, arrived at Spithead yesterday morning from the Mediterranean. She is expected to proceed to an eastern port to dismantle and be put out of commis sion. With the exception of three days under steam, her passage home has been made under sail, and has been greatly retarded since leaving Gibraltar by strong N.E. gales; consequently her news has been anticipated. She was commissioned in Nov. 1857, by Capt. J. A. Punter, now commanding the Ex. mouth, DO, screw. Capt. Chamberlain took com mand in May, 1860, The Warrior, 40, iron frigate, Capt. Hon. A. A. Cochrane, C. 8., weighed her anchor at Spithead on Saturday, and steaming through the anchorage to the westward, took up a fresh position off Osborne, whore she remains. Among the many contemplated additions to the ship's fitment, when time and means can be found to carry them into effect, is an improved mode of steering by hydraulics or steam, the light ing of the ship internally by gas, and the introduc tion on board of the electric light. The Chanticleer, 17, screw, Commander C.Stirling, arrived at Spithead on Saturday from Osborne on being relieved by the Warrior. She went into Portsmouth harbour yesterday for the purpose of being swung for the adjustment of her compasses. The Brilliant, 26, 954 tons, sailing ship, used as a training ship for the Royal Naval Reserve, arrived at the Little Nore on Saturday, from the Thames, having been towed from the City canal by the Mon key, paddlewheel steamer, Mr. G. Syndercombe, master commander. She is under orders to proceed to Dundee, where she will be stationed as tender to the Castor, 22, training ship for the Naval Coast Volunteers. The screw steamer Rosario, 11, 150 horse power, Master Commander W. L. Southey, having had some alterations effected in her engines in order to improve her rate of speed, will proceed this morning to the measured mile at the Maplin-sands for the purpose of making her fourth official trial. Her engines were manufactured at Greenwich, and are on the direct acting horizontal principle. On the oecasion of her former trial a speed of only nine knots an hour was obtained, but it is believed that the alterations since made in her engines will give at least another knot. The iron steamer Defence, 18, Capt. Powell,C.B., fitting at Chatham, has now received the whole of her iron lower masts and bowsprit, the operation of fixing her masts being successfully accomplished without accident, notwithstanding their immense weight. Although the mizenmast was only fixed on Friday, a considerable portion of the ship's lower wire rigging was got in place by Saturday afternoon. The unaccountable delays which ap pear to have arisen in the fitting of this ship would seem to have at length aroused the officials at the dockyard to hasten her completion, and if the exer tions now being used by all hands had only been exhibited from the commencement, she would have been out of hands and at sea long before this. As it is there still remains three weeks or a month's work to be executed on board before she can take her departure for sea in anything like a satisfactory condition. She is what is termed bark-rigged, but it is the universal opinion among nautical men that a mistake has been made in fitting her with only three masts instead of four, and doing away with her bowsprit, the latter, considering she is built also to be employed as a ram in running a ship down, being, after all, only an incumbrance to her free action in that respect. The Admiralty have C.meted her to be fitted with Cunningham's patent self-reefing topsails, which are being fitted under the personal superintendence of the inventor. The Terrible, 21, paddlewheel steam frigate, 1,850 tons, 800-horse power, Capt. F. H. H. Glasse, C. 8., arrived at the Nore, from the Mediterranean, on Friday night, to be paid off. On Saturday orders were received from the Admiralty by Vice-Admiral Johnstone, directing her to tow the Brilliant, 26, from the Nore to Dundee. The Terrible accordingly went alongside to the coal depot in the Medway, and coaled up in readiness to proceed on her spe cial duty. She has been in commission three years and a half. Thiktportion of the fleet of gunboats fitting at Devonport which is to be armed with smooth-bored guns is receiving its armament. The Armstrong guns for the others are not yet in hand. The ar tisans were at work on the gunboats every night last week I) to eight o'clock, and on Saturday night at 10 o'clock. The paddlewheel steam sloop Devastation, 6, Commander John D. l‘PCrea, from Portsmouth, arrived at Plymouth yesterday (Sunday) morning, and was appointed to embark supernumeraries in the afternoon, and to sail to-day for South America en route for her station in the Pacific. The screw steam sloop Stromboli, 6, Commander Arthur R. Henry, from Portsmouth, arrived yes terday morning at Plymouth, and, after embarking supernumeraries, will sail for her destination, th e south-east coast of America. The surveying steamer Sea Gull, Lieutenant AV. ('himmo (tender to the Porcupine), frcm Scotland, arrived at Plymouth on Saturday. The surveying vessel Porcupine, 3, Capt. Henry C. Otter, at Devonport, is ordered to be put out of commission and placed in the third division of the Steam Reserve. It is not improbable that after being repaired she will be recommissioned for the same service. A notice was affixed at Chatham dockyard gates on Saturd4y that a nuraber of smiths, carpenters, joiners, platers, cutters, rivetters, and other mecha nics were required immediately on board the iron s t e amer Resistance, 18, 600 horse power, for the purpose of completing her for sea. A naval court of inquiry has been assembled on board the Formidable, 84, flagship of Vice-Admiral "W. J. Hope Johnstone, commander-in-chief at the Nore, by order of the Admiralty, in order, it is un derstood to investigate some differences which had arisen, in connection with the service, between apt. c. — r ise, superintendent of Sheerness dock yard, and A.D.C. to the Queen, and Capt. C. F. superintendent Of the Chatham steam reserve. The court sat with closed doors, and the proceedings were not allowed to be made public. A full report of the whole case has been id before the Admiralty for their Lordships' decision. Various rumours are current respecting the inquiry, to which, however, we forbear givicg publicity. The following appointments were rr ade on Satur day at the Admiralty :—William Hewlett, master, to the Amphion ; George M. Loch, midshipman, to the Stromboli; Stuart H. Rickman and C. T. F. Hodgkinson, midshipmen, to the Defence; Robert L. Smart and Harry N. Lowe, naval cadets, to the Revenge; W. H. Sedgwick, promoted to first-class assistant-engineer in the Ajax, and R. C. Child, master's assistant, to the Investigator. THE ARMY. The following troops are ordered to be held in readiness to embark at Portsmouth to join head quarters on foreign service :—For Gibraltar, 100th Foot (Prince of Wales' Royal Canadian) -1 officer and 50 men. For Malta, Ist battalion 22d Foot-1 officer and 45 men. Tenders for the proposed cavalry barracks at Col chester are to be delivered on Friday at the War office. The officers' quarters will be three storys in height, but the barracks generally will be two storied, and the quarters for the troops will be built in blocks, accommodating 72 men each. The build ings now about to be proceeded with will be placed on the north-west corner of the Abbey Farm land some time since purchased by the Government, and near the site of the artesian well, the commencement and progress of which has been previously noticed. The site secured will not be fully occupied by the proposed new works, so it is surmised that further erections:are contemplated at a future time. Various drainage works which have been some weeks on hand in connection with the proposed new building have been completed. Major the Hon. C. J. Addington, of the 38th, is discharging the duties of acting brigade-major at the camp at Colchester, in the temporary absence of Brigade-Major Cooch. Capt. Annesley, 2d Bat talion, 6th, is under orders to join the headquarters of his regiment at Gibraltar. Staff-Assist.-Surgeon Hope has been attached to the medical staff of the 10th depot battalion. In the course of last week between 60 and 70 men who had volunteered for service on the American continent left the camp for Pembroke, Belfast, Limerick, and Athlone, to join the 15th, 17th, 36th, 47th, 62d, and 63d Regiments. The examination for the admission of candidates for the Royal Artillery and Royal Engineers to the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, under the Horse Guards regulations of the sth of April, 1861, will commence at Chelsea Hospital this morning, before the Vice-President and members of the Coun cil of Education. The first day will be devoted to the medical examination of the candidates. Lieut.-Colonel Brise, commanding the West Essex Militia, recently tendered the services of that regiment for garrison or colonial duty in the event of a war, and has received a letter of thanks for the offer. IOULING OF THE SCREW. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—As all matters connected with steam navi gation are invested with more than ordinary in terest at the present juncture, and especially those having reference to steamers for war purposes, I beg to offer the following remarks in the hope that they may tend to some improvement in the present sys tem of screw propulsion. It appears to me that the great desideratum to be aimed at in constructing a war steamer is light draught, combined with a steady platform for fighting her guns, with good speed, and a power of steering easily and manceuvring rapidly under all circumstances, having, moreover, a screw that will not foul. I believe it will be conceded by all impartial per sons that very few, if any, of our war ships can pretend to more than one of these qualities—viz., speed ; and that, moreover, they are all liable to be crippled by " fouling of the screw," such fouling being as likely to proceed from the wreck of other ships' masts and rigging in an action as their own. Impressed with this belief, it has been my study for several years to discover some means of accomplish ing the above ends without sacrificing any other point of efficiency, and my own convictions having the support of many scientific officers of my own profession and other competent judges, I have less hesitation in troubling you with them. First, as to "fouling the screw." There are too many instances on record of fatal accidents and constant inconve nience arising from the fouling of the screw to need special cases being cited on this occasion. In Mr. Bannister's letter to the 7inzes of the 26th Novem ber last he justly observes that "guard bars are not a sufficient protection ;" indeed, they rather aggra vate than reduce the evil. The method he pro poses of putting knives or teeth on the boss was suggested by the late lamented Sir Howard Douglas in 1859, and, as stated in my letter to the Times in September of the same year, " might be well enough did not chain and wire form a part of all ships' rigging ;" added to which it must be re membered that ropes, &e., do not always come into direct contact with the boss whereon these knives are fitted, but are caught by the arms of the pro peller, and often knot themselves around the root, which, being narrower than at the periphery, pre vents their slipping off or being disentangled, unless the screw is lifted, which, under some circumstances I propose to notice, may not be possible, especially in action. In addition to the liability to foul the present mode of fitting the screw is open to several grave objections. First, to attain great speed, it has been deemed ne cessary to have a screw of great diameter, which entails great draught of water, notwithstanding which the screw in most instances is so near the surface that it must catch every floating object within its reach, and being lifted out of water by the slightest pitching motion, or bared by the un dulation of the wave, loses a large proportion of its effect, and if not fitted with a good governor the engines are liable to be strained by " racing." Being thus near the surface the screw is liable to injury from shot, and being within a few inches of the bottom may be broken by striking a rock when in shallow water. As has been seen in several remarkable instances of late, the Great Eastern to wit, the after stern post (on which the rudder and after-bearing of the screw shaft depend) and rudder-head are liable to be broken or bent by the sea striking the exposed part of the rudder. This may often arise from a defective forging, or a wrong proportion in that long unsupported bar of iron which is E 0 costly and difficult to forge, and which with its appurtenances adds materially to the weight at the extremity where all should be as light as possible ; it is also liable to be twisted or bent by a blow from heavy shot, or by striking the ground aft, in either case the rudder and screw-lifting frame might be jammed, thes crew shaft thrown out of centre, and the ship, to all in tents and purposes, crippled. It is to the prevention of these evils I desire to draw attention, and I believe that may be accom• plished by the adoption of a slight modification of the propeller referred to in my letter of September 2, 1859, which was invented by Mr. Richard Roberts, of Manchester, described by him as his " spiral vane propeller, calculated to throw off ropes, weeds, and wreck," and may be thus de scribed :—The vanes, or blades, are of wrought iron or steel, secured to spiral Ranges on a cycloidal boss of large diameter ; hence the root of the blades is long, and therefore, being well supported, admit of being much thinner than those of the ordinary shape in cast metal ; being thinner they displace less water, and consequently absorb less power; they are also far less liable to injury, are readily replaced or repaired when injured, and may be estimated at half the weight and one-third the cost of those made in gun metal (cast metal blades of this form would be far less liable to injury than those of the present type). These blades are tapered on be said and when in rotation may the leading edge to form a " cone" that will throw off all passing wreck without injury to the propeller, or any mass of cordage, chain, or wire rope that may come in contact or even fall across it. This form of blade will also ensure a more constant and equable action on the water under all circumstances, and consequently remove one cause of vibration. The method of attaching this propeller to the shaft enables it to be readily unshipped at sea, and being comparatively light, the after bearing may be safely dispensed with, thus removing an other cause of vibration and entanglement. Although it may be readily applied to ships of the present form, and the chances of fouling materially reduced, it cannot be altogether prevented as in a ship specially constructed or altered to suit it. This leads to the consideration of the second portion of the subject—viz., " steering and ma noeuvring war steamers," and the construction of light draught ships either for war or mercantile purposes, in which steam is the principal agent, as would, I apprehend, be the case iu vessels intended to operate in shore on an enemy's coast, or up rivers, or in defence of our own ; also, for merchant vessels making passages under steam having tidal or bar harbours to deal with, as in the Dutch and other Northern ports, where much detention and loss is incurred by waiting for water. All seamen will appreciate the advantages of a light draught of water in such cases. It would also effect conside rable saving of time and inconvenience now felt at Spithead ; for instance, where a ship has to wait till high water spring tides to go into harbour; and make present dock accommodation available without the enormous expenses consequent on alte ration to suit it to the present draught of large war steamers. It is however obvious that great speed cannot be attained by one screw in a ship of very light draught, if it is to be immersed sufficiently and kept well clear of the ground. The principal objec tion to two screws hitherto has been that the chances of fouling are doubled ; and the present form of after section would not admit of sufficient diameter being given, the dead wood offering a great obstruc tion to propulsion, and the rudder being still ex posed to shot or other accident. It is now well proved that the increased bulk and draught of water have not decreased the rolling of our new war-ships, as was anticipated by some; nor, indeed, is the Great Eastern herself less ad dicted to that pastime than her smaller sisters. Now, you may as well put a rifleman in a swing to fire at a long-range target as a rifled cannon in a ship rolling from 16 to 20 degrees each way; it is, therefore, nearly time that some remedy be found whereby this rolling may be reduced. First, then, to produce a steadier platform for these rifled guns, and reduce the rolling to a minimum, I propose to adopt a midship section of elliptical form, which is maintained throughout full one-half of the length, at a uniform depth (i. e., on an even keel), whereby great capacity is obtained without increasing the resistance, the lines of the bow being composed of easy curves, on a principle specially contrived for the purpose, by which the best form for entering the water may be obtained, and for laying on the plates without serious bend ing. This flat elliptical floor is continued to the forefoot, and thus the fore section is made self sup porting (the heavy part of the sharp floor in other ships being dispensed with), and is consequently more buoyant, and, combined with the long flat floor, will reduce the tendency to pitch, but will lift going against a head sea. The after section is composed of convex curves sufficiently fine to de liver the water freely, but not so lean as to remove the necessary support in that quarter, the absence of which induces " sending," or sinking aft, which my observation teaches me is one of the causes of rolling in ships of the present build. I believe such a form is quite compatible with high speed in ships of light draught, and the opinion is based on some experience. That part known as the " dead wood" in timber ships is dispensed with, and with it all the cumbrous and costly paraphernalia of sternposts, screw-lifting frame, and, in fact, every forging of any consequence, thereby reducing the weight at the after extremity, and the cost of the ship. As a substitute for them a broad cellular keel, of any required depth, tapered at either extremity, is placed under each bilge, ex tending nearly the whole length of the floor; at the after extremities of these keels are hung two shallow rudders of sufficient area, that are always immersed (balance rudders would, perhaps, be pre ferable). These act independently, or are geared together by a simple contrivance that may be worked by a wheel on deck or in the after part of the engine -room; the engineer and helmsman thus receiving orders simultaneously, both screws and helm act together on the instant, the helmsmen and steering apparatus being out of harm's way. The keels are, in point of fact, cellular girders of enormous strength, which will not only give great longitudinal strength to the ship, but will effectually defend the bottom on taking the ground, especially if shod with timber, and the space between and on either side being also de fended by plankings. They will give great sta bility, and that they do not interfere with speed or steerage, but materially reduce rolling, has been satisfactorily proved in Mr. Tovill's celebrated ship. They will also keep the ship in an upright position on taking the ground, facilitate docking, and re duce the risk in docking heavy ships, whether ar mour-plated or with cargo, the weight being thus distributed over a large surface under each bilge. Gunboats and all small vessels fitted thus might be readily grounded without risk where there was no dock, and their bottoms cleaned or repaired, the keels being, in fact, a substitute for a gridiron. The screws arc fitted to shafts led through cylin drical trunks under either quarter, which are, in fact, that part of the after end of the keels between the rudder and the ship's counter, the screws thus working over and abaft the rudders, and quite clear of them. As these screws will be driven at a higher speed than a single screw of large diame ter, it is proposed to use gearing in large vessels, each shaft being worked by two horizontal high pressure condensing engines, with surface condensers arid multitubular cylindrical boilers, the whole of which, including the gearing, will be con siderably lower than the present ones, acting as ballast and less exposed to shot. By this means the ponderous engines now in vogue would be sub , divided into four parts—smaller, lighter, less liable to accident, more readily replaced or repaired, and less costly. By this arrangement a much longer stroke is obtained, the port cylinders working the starboard screw, and vice versa. In a small-class vessel a single cylinder engine may be used to each shaft with advantage, as I have seen in practice. Being right and left screws, they turn in opposite directions, and therefore correct that deviation from a right line either would produce separately. The helm is therefore unnecessary to counteract that effect ; there is consequently less obstruction to the ship's way. By reversing either screw the ship may be turned rapidly on her centre, or nearly so, without either head and stern way, and may be steered, going either ahead or astern, by these screws, without the aid of the helm. This I have seen frequently. The absence of the after sternpost the dead wood will materially facilitate marimuvring and remove obstruction to speed. These small screws, having their centre much lower than with a single screw of the same calculated power, will be working in water of greater density, far less liable to accident, and cannot be lifted out of water. Moreover, both them and the rudders are in a more favourable posi tion for working, being well removed from the centre, where there is an eddy or partial vacuum caused by the water rushing into the space left by the course of the ship. The advantage that such a power of steering and manoeuvring could give over a ship with one screw in action in narrow waters, " where she would go whichever way her bow takes" (as in the case of the Warrior in this day's 'limes' Naval Intelligence), is too obvious to need comment. As the utility of efficient gunboats of very light draught is now beyond all question, and as their services may be required at no very distant period, I conceive that this method of constructing them would be attended with much advantage to the pub lic service ; their screws might be unshipped, and the depth of the two keels increased by timber " false keels," which might be readily removed, and thus make the passage as sailing vessels, the keels giving them the same stability and weatherly quali ties that the two large logs in a similar position give to the Pernambuco catamaran. I am furtkerniore of opinion that in the event of THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, 'JANUARY 6, 1862. disturbances with America, such a fleet of steam rafts might be extemporised on the Canadian shore of the lakes, from baulks of light timber growing on tho spot, and fitted on the principles described, as would defeat all attempts in that quarter, and I am not at all prepared to say that such vessels or rafts would not be the best fur the defence of our own harbours and rivers (not to go to sea), and de cidedly the cheapest, least likely to injury from decay or accident, and would be run up in half the time of our wooden gunboats. If for the lakes, light high-pressure engines might be sent out on a very short notice, with all other ironworks required, it being by no means of a bulky character. As space, on which I have already trespassed too largely, will admit only of an imperfect description of these plans, and obliges me to omit several im portant features in the muting and rigging of this class of ship, I must beg to refer you or any one who may desire to acquaint themselves farther with the matter to the address below,* at which models and plans may be seen.—l am, Sir, your obedient ser vant, MO. EDW. SYMONDS, Jan. 1, 1862. Commander Royal Navy. * 10, Adam street, Adelphi, London. IMPROVEMENTS IN 6 TEERING APPARATUS. A letter in a contemporary says :—Perhaps never in the history of naval architecture has a vessel attracted so much attention as the Warrior, partly from a feeling of national pride, partly from the stupendous principle involved. In your Naval and Military of January the Ist there was a report of the Warrior as follows : " From what could be ascertained during the short time she was under weigh, in going out Spit head, of the power of her new tiller, it is said to have acted much more efficiently on the helm than the old yoke did. It does not, however, improve the steering qualities of the ship, the only means of amending which will be to give her a larger rudder. Under circumstances of slackened speed in narrow channels and tideways, she will go which ever way her bow takes. The Black Prince acts precisely in the same manner." The complaint here is that the rudder power is insufficient—a power which is necessarily most im portant in the successful working of a ship, and one which demands our most earnest consideration as a maritime nation. The remedy proposed is a larger rudder ; allow me to suggest that a rudder should be placed in bow as well as stern, a plan which is not untried, for it has been put to practical test in India, where there are upwards of 40 vessels built on this principle, at a cost of £200,000. At the meeting of the British Association in 1854. I proposed as follows :—" That the Great Eastern be provided with a rudder at the stem as well as stern, and that there be fitted before the after rud der, and above the screw shaft, a steering wheel or three armed paddle, across the stern, the wheel being two-thirds in diameter above the water to be worked by a 10-horse engine or water pressure ac cumulator, invented by Mr, Armstrong." I also stated " that I considered if the length of the ves sel was reduced from 680 to 500 feet, she would then be of a far more navigable proportion of six breadths and about 16,000 tons, and if asked what I considered the safety limit as to size and proportion I should not recommend more than 300 feet by 60." It is more than probable that if these suggestions made before the vessel was laid down, had been fol lowed, the severe accident that befel her from lying in the trough of the sea would not have occurred. I can easily account for the Warrior, which is 420 by 58, following her bow in a tideway, or coming round against her helm when at slack speed, and to obviate this I now make the same suggestions as I did with regard to the Great Eastern. The system of steering with rudder in bow as well as stern has been adopted in 18 vessels, built as troop steamers for the Indian rivers, on the recom mendation of a committee that visited the Rhone and Danube in 1857, the largest designed to carry, at 2ft. draught of water, 800 troops, and 370 ft. long by 40ft. broad, built of steel one•eight of an inch thick. It was tried on the Thames in 1861, and con siderable alterations were found necessary which in creased its cost to £50,000. This, liko the other seventeen, was shipped for India for reconstruction and further trial, requiring an outlay of £250,000. The difficulty complained of in the Warrior and Black Prince is that they, in narrow channels and tideways, come round against their helms. This difficulty has been often experienced before, and a few trials of patents for improvements for steering have taken place, of which the results have not been published. The steering and efficiency of river steamers is now almost a national question, more especially with re gard to India, as one, if not the most important, means of developing the rich resources of that coun try especially as regards the transport of cotton from the fertile districts in which it is produced. No less than £50,000,000 guaranteed capital has been ex pended on trunk lines of rail ways, an extravagant and entirely artificial means of transit, while on the river navigation, which is by nature far better adapted for that purpose, the whole amount of public and pri vate capital employed does not much exceed £4,000,000. In the official retum of the Admiralty as to the condition and number of British war vessels, I see that there are 700 propelled by steam, from the Warrior of 6,000 tons and 1,200-horse power, built with 4 inch iron plates, to the gunboats of 150 tons and 40. horse power constructed as mentioned in your Naval Intelligence of the Ist inst. I should suggest the expediency of making practical experi ments in steering and towing in narrow channels and shallow waters ; this to be done by the Naval Reserve when undergoing their annual course of drill and instruction. THE GAME LAWS. MEMORIAL OF THE WORCESTERSHIRE MAGISTRATES. To the Secretary of State fur the Home Depart ment,—Sir, we, the magistrates of the county of Worcester, in quarter sessions assembled, made answerable by our commission for the maintenance of peace and order, as well as the due observance of the law, in this our county, beg to draw your at tention to the state of the law as it affects poachers and poaching. The absolute right to the posses sion of game, by persons who follow the occupa tion of poaching, and who notoriou3ly have no honest means of livelihood, has led to the systema tic of the law at defiance by armed gangs, in the taking and killing of game, by night and day, and is a direct incentive to more serious misdemeanours and felony. It produces an organisation of despe rate men, for the avowed object of plunder, and tends to cause the fearful assaults now rightly made on those authorised to protect property, ending, not unfrequently, in the crime of murder. In this said county of 'Worcester, after very careful analysis of the population, there are ascertained to be 815 men, independently of women, who aid largely in this nightly robbery, who live by poaching, fowl stealing, and general plunder. It is a common and frequent practice by the class of persons referred to, openly to exhibit large quantities of game, with the instruments used for its:destruction, on the pub lic turnpike roads, highways, and in the markets ; yet no remedy exists by law by which such game or instruments may be seized, or the parties in possession of it compelled to account for its possession. This system is now carried to such lengths that a remedy for the evil is an imperative necessity, and one that has at tracted the attention of the chief constables in every county so strongly, that the result has been a gene ral memorial to the Home-office to enable the police to do their duty more effectually, by arming them with such additional powers as the case demands. For ourselves, wo would venture to suggest that very much good may be effected by power being granted to the police to take into custody those who are found in possession of game, or traps, or en gines for the destruction of it, which they cannot satisfactorily account for; and the stricter super vision of dealers in game, now furnish the great temptation held out to poachers.—Signed on behalf of the Court of Quarter Sessions, DUDLEY, Chairractn. THE IVINDRAN CASE. Dr. Tuke, in his cross-examination, said—l agree with Dr. Winslow that the sanity or insanity of Mr. Windham will depend upon facts and facts alone. Among the affidavits I read that of Dr. Buck. I regarded it as quite immaterial, but I spoke to Mr. Windham about one statement in it to the effect that he had nearly cut off his hand. Mr. Windham explained the occurrence. I did not question him as to another statement in the affidavit of Dr. Buck—viz., that when Dr. Buck was sent for to see Mr. Windham at Felbrigg, in September, he was asked by Mrs. Windham whether he did not think her husband was being poisoned by his relatives. I wish you to understand that I entirely wiped out of my mind the notion that Mr. Wind ham was labouring under delusions. If he had told me that he had suggested to his wife the idea that his relatives were trying to poison him I think I should have attributed it to a delusion. It would also have indicated very weak intellectual capacity. There are absolute idiots, and there are persons afflicted with deficiency of intellect and imbecility of mind. Among the imbecile class, not qualified for the Asylum of Idiots, there are many persons of unsound mind. It is quite possible that some of these persons may have admirable memories—that is, on one or two points; but the general rule is quite the reverse. Some imbecilt s may be educated, and able to be taught Latin and Greek, but such cases are very rare, and where the imbecility is con genial little or nothing in the shape of education can be imparted. In cases of congenial imbecility the memory deteriorates as time goes on. I told Mr. Windham himself that I thought in four or five years he would be a lunatic or kill himself if he persisted in such habits as those which were attri buted to him in the affidavits for the petitioner. I gathered from Mr. Windham that he was addicted to drinking, though his own words were that he sometimes 'got "fresh ; " and unless I am greatly , mistaken there is a statement in four of the affi davits to the effect that he had been seen drunk. He told me that he was engaged to be married to a young lady in the country—the daughter of a near neighbour of his own but his uncle, the General, prevented the marriage. I made no inquiries to ascertain whether his statement was true or not. I did not hear subsequently that the lady lived in one of the western counties; I never asked him to account for his marriage with Miss Willoughby, nor did I ever speak to him about the circumstances of a former paramour of his wife's having slept in the same house with her the night before her marriage. lalways took his truthfulness for granted, and never thought of testing it. I told him that he was represented in the affidavits as being in the habit of telling objectless, causeless, transparent lies. He denied the allegation, and in our interviews I never detected him in telling useless and purposeless falsehoods. It is very likely that I joined with Mr. Cole, his solicitor, in attempting to persuade him to break off his acquaintance with Roberts, because I was at that time under the impression that Roberts was a swindler. I have no recollection, however, of having done so. I had some conversation with Mr. Windham about some person having been intimate with his wife after the marriage. He told me that the circumstances were brought to his knowledge by two letters written by Mrs. Windham having come to him from the Dead Letter-office. He said he was very angry, and proposed never to speak to her again, because the letters were addressed Ito another gentleman as "My dear darling--." This conversation took place in my rooms in Albemarle -street, in the presence of his solicitor. I believe that at that time Mrs. Windham was away hunting, in the neighbourhood of Melton Mowbray. Mr. Windham did not tell me that his wife had followed her " dear darling---" to Dub lin, Glasgow, or the north of England. I w as t o ld that she had done so before marriage. If I were to be told as a fact that Mr. Windham knew that his wife had followed her " dear darling--" to Glasgow.after her marriage, mad that, nevertheless, he still continued to cohabit with her, I should say his conduct indicated a weak intellect, if I were not aware that Mr. Windham was and is firmly convinced that the same state of health which prevented his wife from sleeping with him must also have prevented her from having cri minal connexion with any other gentleman. On one occasion he said, "I know what Agnes Wil loughby was ; but I never will believe that Agnes Windham could be false to me until it is proved." He told me that immediately before the marriage Miss Willoughby said to him, " William, you are ill ; I have seen Mr. Johnstone, and I know you are." He replied, "I think lam not." Miss Willoughby then asked him to allow Dr. Whitburn to examine him. He consented, and Dr. Whitburn, shaking him by the hand, and almost with tears in his eyes, said, " My dear boy, you are all right ; you need be under no alarm." Mr. Windham also told me that Dr. Whitburn attended the marriage and gave the bride away. I did not call his attention to the alle gation in the affidavit made by Mr. Johnstone, the surgeon, that shortly before the marriage he was consulted by Miss Willoughby, and that he told her Mr. Windham was most certainly not then .in a marriageable condition. I was not disposed to ques tion him about the story of his having infected his wife, but I spoke to Mr. Johnstone on the subject, and he told me that when he saw Mr. Windham before the marriage the disease had assumed so viru lent a shape that it did not occur to him to give Mr. Windham any caution about it. I believe that Mr. Windham is of perfectly sound mind and capable of managing his affairs. I have never said that he is unfit to manage his property. Re-examined by Mr. Karslake—When the con versation about the letters to " My dear darling —," took place, Mr. and Mrs. Windham were liv ing apart. Mr. Windham was very angry, and he spoke to Mr. Cole, his solicitor, about the matter. Mrs. Windham said in my presence that she would never live with her husband again, and I do not sup pose they have lived together since. Before that Mr. Windham had said that he had made his wife ill ; that she was greatly enraged at it, and threat. ened not to live with him again. During the in terviews I had with him there were many state ments made by Mr. Windham which I could not have investigated without the power of calling wit nesses before me; but they were all as far as I could judge, perfectly consistent with truth. All the inmates of the Asylum for Idiots were bora idiots. I know all the characteristics of idiotcy. Mr. Windham is certainly not an idiot, nor could it ever enter my mind that he is an imbecile when I consider his powers of observation, the manner in which he in structed his solicitor about his defence, and his delicacy in conversation when talking upon matters which afforded opportunity for the introduction of indelicate remarks. By the Jury—The idea of his sanity is perfectly consistent with his getting into debt to the amount of £25,000 or £30,000, and giving £14,000 worth of jewelry to his wife. My explanation is that he was so desperately in love with his wife that he gave her the jewels in order to secure her affections. I do not believe that a sane man would knowingly communicate a particular disease to a woman with whom he was in love. Mr. Windham did not know that his malady was infectious. By the Master—l think that the fact that the jewelry was intended for the use of his wife, and was to be at Felbrigg-hall, may be regarded as a justification of the outlay ; but if that outlay had. been £60,000 instead of £14,000 it would have in dicated weakness of mind. Had Mr. Windham settled the whole of his estate upon his wife I should have taken it as a proof of unsoundness of mind. Dr. E. Seymour, examined by Mr. Milward—l have directed my attention to disorders affecting the mind, and have written on the subject. I was for eight years one of the metropolitan Commis sioners in Lunacy. During that time I periodically visited every lunatic asylum within the bills of mortality and had many opportunities of testing the minds of alleged lunatics. On the 7th of No vember I was asked to see Mr. Windham. On the following day, he was brought to me, but he was not alone, and I refused to examine him. Subsequently I had a private interview with him, and conversed with him on the subject of the charges against him. After we had talked for some time I said to him, "Well, Sir, as far as I can judge from your manner and appearance, I think it is impossible for a jury to find you of un sound mind; but if you will call again and fur nish me with the accusations made against you I will examine you more completely." In con sequence of that Mr. Cole, the solicitor, sent me copies of the affidavits. I made myself master of their contents, and I next saw Mr. Windham on the 14th. Upon that occasion I entered s e riatim into the principal allegations in the affidavits. I said, " First, you are accused of falling into most violent and irrational passions." " Yes," he replied, " I am very passionate ; my father was passionate ; and I am very sorry for it." I then spoke to him upon the imputation of gluttony, especially men tioning that he had eaten as many as eighteen eggs at breakfast. He replied, "The number is greatly exaggerated, and I never had anything else for breakfast." I then spoke to him about his alleged cruelty to animals. He denied the accusation. next called his attention to the charge about his singing " Old Bob Ridley" and such trash as that. He acquiesced, and said he had a habit of humming and beating such tunes on many occasions. I told him he was a silly fellow. I then spoke to him about his marriage, saying it was avery wrong thing and deeply to be deplored ; but, inasmuch as the very same action had been committed by the wisest, noblest, and richest in the land, I should not take it as a proof of insanity. He seemed very much hurt at the way in which I characterised his marriage in the first instance, I then spoke about the jewels. " You are charged," I said, " with hav ing spent an enormous sum, in comparison with your means, upon jewels." He replied that he was very much in love, and that he had given far more jewellery to his wife after marriage than before it. He added that he had given her a considerable quantity after marriage because he had done her serious injury. I then spoke about the state of his health at the time of his marriage. I told him his conduct was very vicious ; but, as the vice had never been reckoned as insanity, but the contrary by some people, and as I had had the misfortune in a long professional life of knowing similar cases, in which men had married, being incapacitated as he was, I could not myself take it as a proof of insanity. He denied positively that he had had connexion with his wife before marriage. He said that the gentleman with whom she had lived before marriage was willing that he should marry her, and promised as a man of honour never again to have intercourse with her. The interview lasted about an hour; his manner was gentlemanlike and proper, and he answered directly and readily. But for the affidavits I should not have thought there was any thing the matter with him. He was not incoherent. I saw him again on the 4th of December, and the interview lasted about an hour. He told me that the object of the petition was to prevent him barr ing the entail of the Felbrigg property and cutting down the timber. He said Gen. Windham called on him after the marriage, spoke to him very kindly and wished to sell him a small property, which he agreed to take. He then said—and this remark struck me very much—" If my uncle thought me mad why did he try to make a bargain with me ?" I asked him about his education. He said he had been at Eton, and gained his remove into the lower fifth form by examination. He also told n.e that on that very morning he had done a proposition iu Euclid to the satisfaction of Dr. Sutherland. He admitted having gone with guards on the railway, and sometimes worked the engine. He said he had purchased a complete suit like a guard, and bought a railway whistle. He remarked that many young men did the same. I told him I had heard so. I was with him a sufficient time to enable me to form an opinion upon his state of mind. I saw nothing sufficient to justify me in saying that he is is of un sound mind. He certainly not a lunatic; he is under no delusion. Mr. Windham, if I may use the term, is a very young man for his age, unable to judge properly, but I have seen no radical defect in his mind. He is capable of managing himself and his affairs, and I think this inquiry will have a con siderable effect in improving him. It will have a steadying effect upon him. Cross-examined by Mr. Chambers—lt will make him more like a man. I think he has mind enough to profit by the lesson. I believe that if his majority could have been kept back for two years he would not have acted as he has done. I know many young men of his age, in possession of their property, who have weaker minds. The cross-examination of the witness was not concluded when the Court adjourned. EX.ECUTIO2V S. At 8 o'clock on Saturday morning David Brand rick, 20 years of age, was executed at Stafford for the murder of Mr. John Bagott, clothier at Bilston, on the 29th of September. It will be remembered that two other men, Jones and Maddox, were con victed with Brandrick of the murder, the three having run away from the house with portions of the stolen property while the deceased was still warm. All the prisoners have made statements. They now all acknowledge having broken into the house ; Brandrick stated that he took the chief part in strangling the deceased, but that Jones gave active assistance, and Maddox urged them to kill Mr. Bagott. Jones acknowledged that he had kicked and bit the deceased while Brandrick grasped his throat, and he also says that Maddox was pre sent daring part of the time this was going on. All agree that Jones and Maddox went upstairs and ransacked the house while Brandrick was strangling Bagott, and they also agree that, after leaving the house without finding any money, they returned and renewed the search, breaking open a drawer and finding the cash-box and a large quantity of gold in it. As all the three went upstairs on this occasion, leaving their victim below, it is plain that they were perfectly satisfied that he was either murdered or helpless and incapable of making any alarm. When they were disturbed in an entry opposite, where they left a part of the stolen pro perty, they ran away together, and Maddox was met a quarter of an hour afterwards with the other two. He was carrying a part of the stolen clothes, and Jones acknowledged that he was going with the others in order to divide the money which Bran drick had put in his pocket. Maddox was 28, and had been 12 times previously in Stafford Gaol, hav ing been sentenced to penal servitude for four years in 1855. Jones, whose real name is Mulligan, and who is Irish, is 21 years of age. At the age of 16 he was sentenced to four years' penal servitude, having been convicted of offences five times previously. Brandrick has been known as a thief for some three years past. He was tried for a burglary in March, 1861, but was acquitted. Information of the respite of Jones and Maddox was conveyed to the Governor of the gaol, Major Fulford, on Friday. Jones, on being informed of it, appeared incapable of giving it credence, as he has from the first abandoned all hope of having his life saved. Maddox had made a statement before the magistrates which is quite inconsistent with his subsequent one, as he then stated that he never entered the house, and did not know of the murder until some time afterwards. He appears to have clung to some faint hope of having his life saved. An immense crowd as sembled during Friday night to witness the execu tion, and not less than 20,000 persons filled the three roads which approach the front of the gaol where the drop was placed. They behaved behaved with perfect propriety and decorum. Brandrick, who expressed the greatest astonishment and some irritation when told that his associates were re spited, partook of the Sacrament on Saturday morn ing, listened attentively to the exhortations and in struction of the chaplain, the Rev. W. P. Vincent, and walked calmly to the place of execution, where Smith, the executioner, adjusted the rope, and draw ing the fatal bolt, launched the wretched man into eternity. Great surprise is felt that the other two men should have been respited. In the case of Maddox, the Home Secretary, Sir George Grey, has intimated to the prisoner's attorney that the sen tence would be commuted into one of penal servi tude for life. Except a representation by Maddox's solicitor as to the insufficiency of the evidence against him, no effort has been made to save the lives of any of the prisoners. The execution of James Waller, for the murder of William Smith, a gamekeeper in the employ of Mr. Timothy Horafall, of Hawkworth-hall, took place behind York Castle at 12 o'clock on Saturday last. If there was the slightest lingering doubt exist ing in the mind of any person as to Waller having committed the crime of murder, it is satisfactory to be enabled to dissipate it, he having on Friday after noon confessed to the High Sheriff his guilt, without any qualification or reservation whatever. He was visited by the chaplain at 7 o'clock in the evening, and from 9 until 11 o'clock the officers who had charge of Mm. read to him the 51st and 58th Psalms, the sth and 6th chapters ot Matthew, and the 15th, 16th, and 24th chapters of Luke. The culprit then joined in singing psalms and hymns, and at ten minutes past 11 o'clock he retired to rest. He ap peared to sleep well until half-past four o'clock on Saturday morning. He asked what time it was, got up, and said he felt very well. A little before seven o'clock he was visited by Mr. Green, the deputy governor of the prison, and his own cloth ing was substituted for the prison dress he had been wearing since his conviction. He said to Mr. Green, while crossing the Castle-yard, that he had no doubt he should soon be in Heaven. He appeared cheerful and resigned, and partook of a hearty breakfast. The sacrament was administered to him at 11 o'clock by the chaplain and the Rev. T. Myers. From a very early hour in the morning groups of persons collected in front of the scaffold, which stood out in all its grimness as a contrast to the brightness of a resplendent sunlit day. The bulk of the persons forming these groups were from the sister Riding, of which Waller was a native, not a few of them having walked over the previous night in order to witness the ,execution. As midday ap proached the numbers of spectators gradually in creased until the crowd might be counted by thou sands. At the hour of execution :there could not have been less than 8,000 or 10,000 persons present. A few minutes before 12 o'clock Mr. W. Gray, the Under-sheriff, arrived at the Castle, and formally demanded the body of Waller, who was thereupon delivered into the hands ofAskren, tk executioner. The process of pinioning thou commenced, and by the time this was concluded the clock of the Castle denoted the hour fixed for the criminal's death. A procession was then formed in the usual order. It arrived slowly upon the drop, the criminal walking with a firm step. Before the execution he fell upon his knees while the usual prayers were read, and responded to the Lord's Prayer in the most earnest manner. At the conclusion Waller arose and submitted himself to the executioner, who at once adjusted the noose, and by drawing the fatal bolt launched the unfortunate man into eternity. His struggles were severe, but life was extinct in less than two minutes. After hanging the u sual time the body of the unfortunate man was cut down, and was interred in the afternoon within the precincts of the Castle, in accordance with the terms of his sentence. It is satisfactory to know that Waller, on Satur day morning, again acknowledged his guilt of the • , 1 crime for which he was about to s t iffer. While speaking of Smith, the murdered mat I, he said, " I had my revenge, and this is my rewar' ; but I hope that he (Smith) is in heaven, and I hope to meet him there soon. There is no bad fee. ling between us:now." Some time after, while tt'lking of his family, who lictve occupied a large andount of his anxiety since his trial, he said, " I have two chil dren in heaven, and I hope to meet them, there." COUN7 RI MARKE2 S. YORK-JAN. 4. Wheat, red 60s to 645 1 0at5....... 22s to 248 White do .64s to 68s Beans ........ 44s to 528 Barley .32s to 38s I Peas ..,.......--s to —8 Malt, 68s to 708 per qr. ; rye, 36s per qr.; flour, 46s to 48s per sack. NORWICH—JAN - .. 4. Wheat to-day was in short supply, and in middling condition, and sold at is to 2s under the prices of last week. A fair quantity of barley, which fully smpported late rates. Flour 6d per sack lower. Oats, beans, antl peas dull. White wheat. 668 to 688 f Red wheat... 62s to G 5. Malting barley.... 38s to 39s I Chevalier bail eY 37t. to 38s New d 0.......... 37s to 39s Oats.. ........ to --s NORTHAMPTON—JAN. 4. At this corn-market to-day the supply of :wheat was moderate. The tone of the trade was moder..te, and the quotations for all sorts were at recent rates-465 . to 61s for old, and 58s to 64s for new. A fair business in barley— malting 33s to 38s, grinding 28s to 30s per qr. Oats in moderate show, at previous prices—quoted at 22s to 353 per 24 stone. Beans, old, 38s to 45s ; peas, 37s •to 465. Rye, 37s to 425; malt, 70s to 74s ; flour, 40s to —-8 per sack. LEICESTER-JAN. 4. Tho supply of wheat to• day at market was not large, and the attendance of farmers and factors only moderate. Trado dull, and quotations as before. White, 66s to i'Oe —red, 56s to 60s per 36 stone. Barley was in moderttle show, grinding, 30s to 32e; malting, 34s to 38s per qr.; oats, 24s to 35s per 24 stone. Beans were unaltered new, 40s to 42s ; old, 43s to 48s per 38 stone. Fine flour, 48s I Seconds, 45s I Thirds, 43s per 20 stone., CAMBRIDGE—JAN. 4. There was a limited supply of wheat to-day, and the trade ruled healthy—the prices being about the same as last week's rates—white, from 60s to 64s ; red, 56s t0,61a. Barley inactive demand—malting, 36s to 40s; grinding, 32a to 345. Oats were steady, at 21s to 28s. Beans were sold at 40s to 42s per qr. FOREIGN MAIL PACKET MST. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. Jan. 18,- - via Marseilles Jan. 12:. Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Feb. 3 Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Feb. 1. China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton Jan. 18.- via Marseilles .. Jan. 12.. Falkland Islands •• O Feb. 3. Gibraltar, via Southampton Jan. 10.. India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Jan. 18. via Marseilles... Jan. 12. India (Bombay), via Southampton Jan. 10. via Marseilles Jan. 4. Lisbon Jan. 11. Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Jan. 10. via Marseilles Jan. 4. Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo U. S. and British N. America, ty Brit. packet Jan. 8. by U.S. packet by Canadian packet Jan. —. W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe.. Jan. 10. Bahamas, via New York Jan. 16. Mexico All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru f i l Jan. 13. California,and British Columbia.. .RAIL WAY INTELLIGENCE. TRAFFIC RETURNS FOR THE WEEK. Miles Opened. Receipts. Railways. ,____....____, ,-......, 1861. 1860. 1861. 186 0 . ----. _____.-------- 1 ----- X £ Ballymena and Pert Rush.. - - - - Belfast and N, Counties.... 136 136 2,032 2,003 Belfast and County Down.. 49 39} 611 6 04 Birkd., Lane., & Ches. June. - - - - Blyth and Tyne 2O 20 971 923 Bristol and Exeter lo6} 125 5,500 5,371 Caledonian Cockermouth & Workington 84 84 - - Cork and Bandon 2O 20 282 236 Cork, Blackrock, & Passage 6} 6 1 206 153 Cork and Youghal . 26 23 192 178 Cornwall 531 531 1,239 1, 003 Deeside l7 17 236 1911 Dublin & Belfast Junction 63 63 [1,525 1,476 Dublin and Drogheda 63 63 1,482 1, 2 00 Dub. & Wicklow (in.Kingst ) 484 40} 1,990 1,2 2 Dundalk and Enniskillen Dundee and Arbroath l7} 17} 611 687 Dundee, Perth, & Aber. Jun 3l 31 970 1,074 East Anglian 674 674 1,003 1. 098 E.Counties,Nrlk.,&E.Union 499 499 28,963 25,t>. 2 9 Edinburgh and Glasgow Edinburgh, Perth,& Dundee 78 78 3,338 3,297 Forth & Clyde Junction Furness Glasgow & South-Western 1831 1831 7,561 7,907 Great Northern 330 330 21,737 20,304 Great North of Scotland r il t. Southn. & Westn.(lrind ) 329 329 7,541 6,234 Great Western 7834 7014 43,337 38. 847 Inverness & Aberdeen June 55 55 876 681 Irish South-Eastern 25 25 210 100 Lancashire & Yorkshire 395} 395} 32,909 35,447 Leominster and Kington Limerick and Ennis. Limerick and Foynes 2 2 111 90 Llanelty 4 4 403 394 London & North-Western London and Blackwall 5l 51 1,178 1,487 London & South-Western Lond. Brighton, &S. Coast 2411 2234 16,575 15.774 London, Chatham, & Dover 72} 56} 2,282 1,034 Lond., Tilbury, & Southend 45 45 1,016 1,119 Man.,Sheffield,& Lincolnsh 231 234 14.004 15,033 Manch. S.Jun.& Altrincham 9} 1,302 1,107 Ma port and Carlisle Midland (incl. N.-Western) 6144 6144 41,779 41,601 Midland Gt.Westn. of Irind 1924 1924 3,787 2,954 Monkland 56 56 1,518 1,328 Monmouthsh. Rail. & Canal 44 44 1,963 1,834 Newcastle and Carlisle 7B 78 3,326 3,533 North British (incl. Selkirk and Galashiela) North Devon 35 35 502 523 N-Eastern(Bedale&Leybrn) 789 764 36,605 79,497 North London 9 9 2,163 2,180 North Staffordshire 248 246 7,215 5,987 Oswestry and Newton 3O 20 474 321 Rhymn St. H ele n s Canal & Railway 52 4 52 194 1,706 1,7 72 Scottish Central Scottish North-Eastern ll5 115 3,144 3,480 Shrewsbury & Birmingham - - - - Shrewsbury and Chester - Shrewsbury & Hereford Shropshire Union 291 29 1 885 1,220 South Devon 764 721 - - South-Eastern 3 06 306 21,103 20,103 South Wales l7ll 171/ 6.272 5,836 S. Yorkshire and River Dun 118 118 - - Stockton and Darlington Taff Vale 5l 54 3,496 3,311 Ulster 6l 51 1,581 1,541 Ulverstone and Lancaster Vale of Clwyd Vale of Neath 36 36 1,679 1,113 Waterford and Kilkenny 3l 31 231 268 Waterford and Limerick West Cornwall 274 274 676 619 W.HartlepoolHarbr.&RalL 39 39 3,242 3,542 West Midland. - - - - W'haven,Cleator,&Egrimat. 7 7 457 390 Whitehaven Junction l2 12 716 675 - Whitehaven & Furness Jun 35 35 711 650 FOREIGN AND COLONIAL Antwerp and Rotterdam 62 52 948 905 Austrian B2B 673 44,671 40,465 Belgian Eastern Junction 26} 261 259 2;2 Buffalo and Lake Huron l6l} 161} 1,330 1,037 Detroit and Milwaukie lB5 185 3,166 2,427 Dutch Rhenish lOBl 1081 - ..._ Eastern of France 1032 1006 54,223 50,326 East Indian Grand Trunk of Canada... • 970 970 17,592 13,702 Great Indian Peninsula... • 4371 2974 5,404 3,571 Great Luxembourg l2B 128 3,115 2,305 Great Western of Canada 345 345 10,819 8, 35 5 Lyons and Geneva 142 142 4,41 6.172 Madrid, Saragossa &Alicant 301 284 12,805 10,813 Northern of Canada ...... • • 94 94 892 01 Northern of France 691 623 50,309 45,522 Norwegian Trunk 44 44 1,001 985 Paris, Lyons, & Mediterrn 879 840 106,354 90,129 Paris and Orleans 922 922 50.2c7 62,113 Pernambuco 364 - 623 - Royal Danish 69 69 616 169 Sambre and Meuse 6B 68 1,210 855 South Austrian . 1294 978 - - Southern of France .. 777 773 27,592 ,21,916 Welland . • .., 25 25 420 279 West Flanders .. 75 75 728 686 W. and N.W. of France.... 750 750 38.292 33,a42 BENSON'S WATCHES AND CLOcKS..-‘‘ Perfection of BENSON'S WATCHES AND CLOCKS..—" Perfection of mechanism."—Morning Post. Cold watches, 5 to ICO guineas; silver watches, 2 to 50 guineas. Benson's new Illustrated Pamphlet. free for two stamps, descriptive of every construc- i , tion of watch, enables persons in any part of th e world t " select with the greatest certainty the watch best adapted to their use. Watches sent free and safe by post on receipt of a remittance. —J. 'W. Benson, 33 and 34, Ludgate-hill, 46 and 47, Cornhill, Londe& E.C. Established 1749. BIRTHS. APPLECK.—On the 2d inst., at Daiham Hall, Suffolk, the Lady Allleek, of a son. AMES.—On the 3d inst., at Chesham•street, the wife of L. - Ames, Esq., of a son. -- WMAHON.—On the 31st ult., the wife of Major M‘Mahon, of Genning's-dark, Bunton, Kent, of a daughter. TURNBULL.—On the Ist inst., at 56, Thornhill-square, Islington, the wife of Mr. R. T. Turnbull, of a daugh ter. MARRIAGES. MOBBERLY—Munnom—On the 2d inst., at Kingston Church, Portsmouth, Charles Mobberly, Esq., R.N., to Eliza March, second daughter of George Murdoch, Esq., R.N., Kt. of the Legion of Honour, &c. POWELL EBB.--On the 31st ult., at St. John's, Not ting-hill, William Powell, Esq ,of Heatbfield Lodge, Forest-hill, and Friday -street City, to Harriet, widow of the late J. M. Webb, Esq., of Letheringsett, Nor folk. DEATHS. -------- BRUTTON.—On the 2d inst., at 18, Norland square, Wm. C. Brutton, Esq., second son of the late Major Brutton, aged 26. CLARKE.—On the 26th ult., at Meadow Lodge, Edinburgh, Miss Jane Clarke, formerly of Lower Tooting, Surrey, aged 77. COLEMAN.—On the 2d inst., at The Priory, Dover, John Coleman, Esq., aged 72. PLUMPTRE.—On the 3d inst., at Hastings, the Rev. Chas. T. Plumptro, rector of Wickhambreux, Kent, aged 62. SHEPHERD.—On the Ist inst, at Peter-street,Westminster, James Shepherd, Esq., aged 81, SILK.—On the 3d inst., at Over, Mr. Moses Silk, aged 49 SIMPSON.—On the 3d inst., at Hackney, suddenly, Wm. Strowger Simpson, late of the Alliance Assurance Office, aged 63. LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at TnE SUN Office, No. 112,Stran in the Precinct of the Savoy in the County ot Middleaex, Monday, January 0, 1862,