The Sun. — London, England, 1862-11-14 00:00:00

Now Ready, U N ALMANACX FOR 1863. -11- With 24 Comic Cute. Every Family should read it. One penny, L IVES of EMIN E NT STATESMEN, in FUN, every week. One Penny, Now Ready, hand4somely bod pounst fr in Magenta cloth, gilt, price sd. ee, 55., the QECOND half-yearly VOLUME of FUN, with ki numerous ETlgraVing'S by talented artists, and humor ous Articles by the following distinguished writers : W. Bailey, Esq. W. S. Gilbert, Esq. W. Barber, Esq. T. Hood, Esq. E. L. Blanch Ard, Esq. T. S. Jerrold, Esq. G. W. Bridgeman, Esq. W. J. Prowse, Esq. F. C. Burnand, Esq. Godfrey Turner, Esq. 11. J. Byron, Esq. &c., &c., &c. Office, 80, Fleet-street, London. 1.4 A TURDAY NIGHT. A Weekly Journal of Literature. Conducted by Trios. Hoop. One Penny. 80, Fleet-street ** For full particulars of amusements see first page. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN. This Evening, FEU DIAVOLO. Commence at 8. THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. This Evening, A DAUGHTER TO MARRY. After which, OUR AMERICAN COUSIN. 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THIS NEWSPAPER, "THE SU N " 1 To be SOLD by AUCTION, by a Decree of the Lord Chancellor and with the approbation of the Master of the Rolls, on THURSDAY, the 4th December, 1862, at the AUCTION MART, London, unless previously disposed of )37 private Contract. cards, to be obtained from Th e property may be viewed by the auctioneer, Mr. Edward Lumley, of 87, Chancery-lane, Lon don, W and of the undersigned ;of each of whom pr inted particulars may also be had, and to whom proposals to Purcnaae by private contract may be made. ADAM RIVERS STEELE, Solicitor, 44, Bloomsbury-square, London, W.C. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. This DAY.—Moming, 6h. 24m.—Afternoon, 6h. 60m To-xoßßow .-Morning, 7h. 18m.—Afternoon, 7h. 50m ___—........••■grEllor!nml The French Foreign Secretary was certain to give us an able despatch, whether or not we could assent to its chef proposal; and that which has just appeared in the .2lionitsur on the mediation of France, Russia, and England in American affairs nas not disappointed expectation. It puts the sug gested iutervention in the best light possible, and has but one defect—though of this also considera tion is taken—that it is almost incredible, under present circumstances, that the North will accept it. The despatch commends, with well-earned praise, the courage of both belligerents ; but points to the sufferings at which the military glory has been purchased, as a reason why a friendly nation should venture to speak. Apart from the 4 tcounterblow,' the sincere friendship of the EMPEROR would have sufficed to prompt him to some kindly offer of mediation; but when the reaction of the war on European industry is added, of course this furnishes additional justifica tion for kindly remonstrance. The strict neutrality which France and other Powers have imposed on themselves is still a benevolent neutrality, and rather requires that we should endeavour to serve the parties than assume an attitude which resembles indifference. We should think even the pert Mr. SEWARD will hardly venture to deal sarcastically with a pre amble like this, or meet it by unworthy inuendoes. But when he advances to the next steps, the American Minister will begin, we doubt not, to show his temper. Mr. SEWARD will ”deny what seems to us on this side the water to be the truth. He will not acknowledge that things are now nearly in the same position as when the war began. He will point to the Mississippi and the Atlantic ports nearly all in the hands of the Federals, and the few remaining ports as likely to fall into them every day, He will point to Missouri, Kentucky, and Tenmessee as almost wholly brought under Federal power after the Confederates had taken possession of them. He will deny that within a brief period some decided advantage may not be gained to turn the balance and accelerate the conclusion of peace." He will affirm that the very time is now come for which he has long been making preparation, and that l the gun b oa ts he has been diligently building through the rising of the waters in the rivers , be able to give him a very decided advantage in all the mos t important of the slave States. He will add that he ha,, f urther measures in contemplation which will sh ow be seriously that strategic considerations would l. interfered with by the French Mini ster's propoot t Instead of its not being possible to find any st rategical object say that did prudence 1131 r 1 , Mr. SEWARD would plans of the War_nifiol3tennit him to disclose the and of D RO UYN DE L ' HUYS would le his General, M. ar: . that such objec tions were both numerous and not, in fairness, deny that even we igh t y. , t !: can' that the N ort h ern to be so. We strongly suspect they appear States were very much like what England has frequently been at the beginning of „ma so di s advantage in their preparations. Coun tries at a of great substantial resources like England and the Northern States of America natuntliy sh ow their ' strength most when countries of more limited m eans begin to find themselves exhausted. France and Russia were both Worn out in the Crimean war when England had become stronger than ever. Now we , do think it, yrobable that this is just the state of things in the N o rth. The Sout h, like Russia, completely shu t out from the civ ilised ;f. sat ds is in want of E; world its cotton rotting in " everything—the Nora , which could afford to send us more than a million. quarters of excellent corn in September alone, of cou rse wants nothing that Eng land can supply. Th is should remi ad M. DROUYN DE L'HUYS that if the North means .to impose its own terms on the -4 , ''..... ' 1_ ~::., • . . • ' , 44 •,,,,.,,,• •,, 4 • !--;,!,,,,, Jr ,' .... , ;;,,• w i,,, ,, , t ' ,„:.,‘. 446..44,.. . .., '' " . k.,4-4, ' , - ,Arg . , ' ~ r• ... .1„ : 4' *. .......,; :t 4.-1-,v - THE SUN. LONDON, FRIDAY, NOV. 14, 1862. Cotton States, even supposing it to concede their independence, it could least of all afford to give up :ha blockade. Whatever may be said against com- mercial blockades, it cannot be denied that they are, in the present state of commerce and civilisation, most efficient means of reducing a country to groat distress. Probably the South, at this moment, I suffers far more from the blockad e t han from all the armies of the North. The combined results of the continued blockades, and the presence of gunboats on all the rivers, must be a very substantial; gain for the North ; and it can hardly be supposed that Americans should not be much more sanguine of what the results will be than we are in Europe. Under all these circumstances we cannot doubt that the proffered mediation of the three Powers would be promptly, probably courteously, but still decid edly refused. When the French Minister speaks of "favour able dispositions towards peace, which are begin ning to manifest themselves in the North as well as in the South." We do not know whether he refers to special Government information, in addition to such facts as those with which we are all familiar, I the latter, we do not think much of those indica tions. The successes of the Democrats is a very equivocal indication. In the North their votes, worthless as their quality is, nearly equalled in mere numbers, those for Mr. LINCOLN at his election. We refer, of course, to the " popular vote," not to that of the electoral college. They were then willing to separate from the Democrats of the South, though certain by doing so, to lose all the " spoils of offices" for their party. We can hardly think that the Democrats who then hazarded all things rather than concede to the South unqualified power over the territories, will now turn round and give up the point which they adhered to two years ago, at the risk of all which has followed. We strongly suspect that the De mocratic party can hardly be more desirous of peace than was, perhaps is, Mr. LINCOLN himself ; but like him they make the Union their idol. Indeed it was with just that threat the Southern Democrats reproached the Northern Democrats when the great split took place between the two sections of the party, at the Charleston convention, called to name their candidate for the Presidency. The Democrats in regard to war wish to preserve the Union " whole and indivisible," but differ from the Republicans chiefly in respect to slavery. A large part, probably a majority of the Republicans, would like to see the war and slavery end together. The Democrats would all prefer that the war should spare slavery. One reason for this is that all the Irish, and the canaille of the Northern towns, who constitute the strength of the Demo crats, are dreadfully afraid of the freed negroes coming north, and competing with free labourers. The Democratic successes will, therefore, probably do more to check anti-slavery action than to check the war. Thus much we may say for the proposal of the French Minister we do not see that any injury could result from England's being prepared to ex press approbation of its spirit. He is of course right, when he says that it would be at least honourable for the European nations to appear in the character of peacemakers. It must not be, however, in any mode which is incompatible with our dignity. The specific proposals of France are such as, were we in Mr. SEWARD'S place, we should not think of entertaining. With this belief it would scarcely be consistent with self respect to propose them. But with the general proposal to proffer our united mediation, we might, if it would please France, perhaps concur. At present it appears to us, however, that it would be wholly useless. If Mr. CoBDEN be correct in his calculations as to the extent of the destitution now desolating the North of England, all the efforts that have yet been made for the relief of the operatives in Lancashire and the adjoining counties, constitute, as compared with the misery they are intended to relieve, but as a drop in the ocean of our difficulties. To sum up the estimate of the Member for Rochdale, in wages alone, the factory people were already losing, ac cording to hie view of things—were already losing, when he spoke upon the subject to his assembled constituents—at the rate of £7,000,000. That, we repeat, in wages alone! And before the winter has passed, Mr. COBDEN is bold enough to announce it as his conviction, that the rate of loss (in wages alone), will reach the frightful aggregate of £10,000,000. Recollecting the sums that have already been massed together, and expended as soon as col lected—it must be apparent at a glance that the exertions still to be made in behalf of the suffering operatives must altogether surpass anything at all yet attempted. If ever there was need for deter mination and promptitude it is now. Mills by scores and scores all over the northern counties are closed. Chimneys in hundreds are smokeless. The manufacturers of every grade, from the millowners to the millworkers, and intermediately crowds of hitherto well-to-do clerks and their families, are waiting idle for months past—eking out (the em ployees at least) their poor resources with as much ingenuity as may be in any way practicable. The pawnshops in all the great manufacturing towns have been long since filled to repletion with the little goods and chattels (consisting, 1 for the most part, of clothes and furniture) that could in any way be converted, after this fashion, into ready money. Precisely at the very season when comforts are most requisite, the hum bler classes in these afflicted districts are left utterly destitute and abandoned, seemingly, to mere chance assistance. It is a spectacle that would be, in every way , mo st alarming, but for our know ledge of two facts full of encouragement. First, the abounding benevolence of the English People them selves in cases like these of great emergency. Second ly, the profound sense of responsibility weighin g upon the consciences of our Administrators in regard to the discharge of the duties devolving u aeon of this them in th e i r Administrative character, by r same dire emergency. Under the mercy of Heaven, the operatives of Lancashire will have no reason for panic—sustained on either hand, ast N he a y tin a o re , certain to be throughout, by th e rest of the and by the Government. Only—relying upon this double guarantee that the difficulty will really be adequately met, we must in no particular what ever relax in our efforts ; or in our advocacy of these still advancing and increasing subscriptions. A new and notable incentive to assiduity in the endeavour to promote the growth of these still open subscriptions, has just now, as we rejoice to know, been imparted to the cause we have all so dearly at heart—an incentive of a practical, far-spread, and widely. distributed character. We mean, of course, saying this, that those municipal changes wh ich have taken pl ace w i t hi n t h e l as t f ew days not iou a in n lsyLon don and one or t wo o ther of the more important towns and c iti es i n G rea t B r itain, but in every Englieh corporation : changes of mayors and other functionaries in the various munici palities—changes that nat ura lly motive Tha t to additional additionallar interests t introduce an motive b • principles of modern society; exertion in the popn• of the great actuatin g sing one setting all the wheels of modern civilisation in - far recently as to mo tion (Mr. DISRAELI has gone so regard it as th e motive power of the whole complex mac hi ne ry) the spirit of em ul at ion ! With that THE 'fSUN, r , LONDO ready eye for the recognition of things as they are —not alone apparently, but intrinsically—for which Mr. COBDEN has been remarkable for years and years past among his contemporaries, endowed as he is so bountifully with that very high order of genius, the Genius of Common Sense—he recognised upon the instant the reasonable probability of ad vantages at once being likely to accrue from these changes of Mayors throughout the land ! In other words, from this opportune influence of the spirit of emulation in the efforts now making in favour of the manufacturing operatives. For the justification of this sanguine hope—first articulated by Mr. Con- DEN at Rochdale—we now look trustingly to Lord Mayor ROSE and to the provincial Mayors, his con- I temporaries. Very earnestly do we trust that the terrible story just brought to this country across the Atlantic from Palmyra, in Missouri, may prove on inquiry to be monstrously exaggerated, if not entirely a hideous fabrication. Supposing the account as it comes to us, and we give it in detail elsewhere in our impression of this evening, supposing unhappily it should eventually turn out to be true—General BUTLER may indeed be regarded as having been alto gether eclipsed. This his reported rival in cruelty and brutality being one General MVEIL—a per- sonage ;who, if not maligned by these appalling imputations, is likely to take rank in history, not like BUTLER and HAYNAU, but with some such ruthless perpetrator of refined cruelty as—the NANA SAHIB. According to the particularly circumstantial and detailed narrative related in regard to these reported acts of General M'NEIL, at Palmyra, in Missouri—ten absolutely innocent men been inhumanely put to death in cold blood for an offence attributed to another ! An offence over which not one of these ten is shown to have had any control whatsoever —the non-ap pearance, namely—within a given time of a man named ANDREW ALLSMAN—those ten abso- lately innocent men being for this reason sho to death under circumstances of singular inhu manity. ANDREW ALLSMAN had disappeared during the Confederate occupation. What had become of him nobody at Palmyra knew on the return of the Federals. He may have been: long since dead. He may have been taken prisoner. He may have fled voluntarily. General M'NEIL knows not in the least what may have become of him—but irritated by ALLBMAN'S disappearance, he the General issues his arbi trary decree, that unless he return by a certain date, ten other men shall die the death. It seems incredible. It reads like the mandate of a madman, or of a demoniac. It is stated, how ever, quite formally. The names of the victims of the atrocity are enumerated. The crime itself is elaborately described. For, ALLSMAN not re turning by the appointed day and time—the ten expiators of his absence were, we read, led out with a horrible ceremoniousness, and shot accord ingly. Conducted, with ten coffins, in a waggon, to a chosen spot in which the deed was to be done—the ten men were arranged in due order, each seated upon his allotted coffin, and there killed in the manner following : " Thirty soldiers of the 2d M.S.M. were drawn ur in single line, extending north and south, facing the row of coffins. This line of executioners ran immediately at the east base of the pagoda, leaving a space between them and the coffins of 12 or 13 paces. Reserves were drawn up in line upon either flank of these executioners. The arrange ments completed, the doomed men knelt upon the grass between their coffins and the soldiers, while the Rev. R. M. RHOADES offered up a prayer." Afterwards seated upon their coffins they met death at the hands of the soldiery—nearly all of them immediately. The details given in the Palmyra Courier is needless to repeat here. We still cling to the hope, however, that the account is from first to last, if not absolutely untrue, at any rate very cruelly exaggerated. Our readers will see that again the success is with the artillery in the battle between guns and iron plates. Mr. - WHITWORTH is the conqueror. His merits, long kept in the shade by departmental officialism, have at last forced themselves into notice. The Warrior is now to a certainty not invulnerable ; she could resist the heaviest batteries of shot from Armstrong guns, but Mr. WHITWORTH can send through, not his shot merely, but his shells also, to burst between decks. The only deduction to be made at present from what is desired is, that he cuts the iron plate, if a good one, with too clean a hole, instead of shattering it beyond the possibility of temporary repair, and that the re quisite strength of the shell leaves too little room for the bursting charge of powder. As the main object is so thoroughly accomplished there seems little doubt that ere long all the rest will follow. At present Mr. WHITWORTH could enable the Warrior to sink La Gloire with impunity, but in the present state of scientific and mechanical know ledge it is not likely that foreign countries will be long without guns as good as England can produce. In the first experiment, a 120-pounder, a shell of 1511 b weight, and a charge of 271 b. of powder were used. The shell, at the distance of 800 yards, went through a five inch plate, eighteen inches of teak, and an inner coating of iron t of an inch thick; it seems to have been timed so as to burst in passing through. A second similar shell again passed through, bursting apparently in the teak. A. solid steel shot of 1301 b went through the target, and fell inside the box which was constructed to resemble the " between decks" of a ship. The 70-pounder was tried at 600 yards. It did almost as much as the 120-pounder. It sent the shell through the Warrior plate and wood, and burst just inside the inner iron skin. Another went quite through, and burst inside. Indeed, the success of the numerous trials made was perfect, so far as respecte piercing the strongest side with which any vessel could float at sea. The demon stration is complete, that 70-pounders, guns a ship at sea can well carry, will send even a shell with a bursting charge of 3 lbs. 12 oz. of powder, through anything afloat. Surely we ought to proceed very slowly in our shipbuilding operations while the ex periments stand as they now do. THE LATE LORD MAYOR. It is f a noteworthy ws id h e o r l a e b il ly ow m ed ore sp t o h n a t n an a s q o u us ar ly te i r u o t f o a th m e il isi lL a n n 8 of o n r i . money hous in the circumstance that during the mayoralt y Cubist cen time to time towards one public object or another° from m e figures, as they appear in the official records, are subjoined. During the first year, including the severe winter of 1860- 61, £2,681 was received, and afterwards expended in re lieving 3,609 persons and families. The public subscrip tion for the relief of the distress in India consequent upon the famine began on the 28th of March, 1861, and closed on the 25th of October in that year, resulting in a fund of £114,000 odd, and in the relief of the suffering which fol lowed so closely on the heels of the mutiny. Again, the public subscription which was commenced under Mr. Cubitt's auspices on the 14th January last, and is still open, t )wards the erection of a national memorial of the Prince Consort, now exceeds £.53,000. Towards the relief of the widows and orphans of the unfortunate men who perished in the deplorable calamity at Hartley Colliery, £20,853 odd was paid into the hands of the late Lord Mayor between the 25th January last and the 22d of March, barely two months. For the surviving relatives of the men who lost their lives by a similar catastrophe at Gethin, 1,245 was subscribed between the 27th of February and the 21st of April. Lastly, on Lancashire It , w e h lie e f n F M un r. C d u a b t itt's tenure of office expired, the the Mansion-house amounted ~2.:?. .5 _,90, ? f m round numbers ; makinF a grand total of ;Z . i iv) which £200,098 was subscribed in the present S FRIDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER l4, 186 g. LATEST NEWS. THE BANK OF FRANCE. PARIS, Nov. 14. The Aroniteur of this morning publishes the usual monthly return of the Bank of France, which shows the following results, as compared with the October return : Francs. DECREASE. Cash in hand .. Treasury balance .. .. 461 millions, .. 7 1-9 millions INCRE.4BE• Bills discpunted, not yet die 86k millions. 44 millions. 11-k millions lsi millions ank-notes Current accounts .. Advances BRUSSELS, Nov. 13. The Government presented to the Chambers to day a complete programme of the measures which it proposes to introduce during the present session. The principal of these Us are for the revision of the militia laws, the founding of scholarships for poor students, a grant of 1,000,000 f. for the build ing of schools, another of 600,000, for works of communal utility in the towns suffering from the cotton crisis, and a grant of 400,000 f. in augmenta tion of the annual subsidy for primary instruction. Bills will also be introduced for the repression of electoral frauds, the War Budget, the Ways and Means, the Budget for the Ministry of Justice for 1863, and other less important matters. ATHENS, Nov. 9. The Turkish Envoy has protested against the demand made by the Pro!isional Government on Greeks residing in all countries to Bend deputies to the Greek Chambers. The Porte, on the other hand, recognises the passports signed by the Provisional Government. FRANCE. PARIS, Nov. 13. BOURSE, Nov. 13.—The improvement which took place in' the tone of the market yesterday has vanished to-day, and business has become again heavy. Threes, for the Account, have receded to 70fr. 60c. The Railway Share Market has been also depressed, but without, up to the present time, any very considerable decline. The market closed as follows : 4t per Cents .. 98 Do. eRd month.... 3 per Cents Do. end month 7O 70 New 3 per Cents Do. end month — Credit Mobilier..., 1142 50 Do, end month 1147 50 BAIL Bank Shares 3340 -- Credit Foncier 1302 50 Piedmontese Fives 72 30 Italian Loan 72 35 • Roman .... -- • Austrian Spanish Threes Home Debt ••• • • • 60 75 'WAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans lO5O .. 1050 Northern New ditto .. . • • Lyons and Mediterranean 1153 75 .. 1155 Geneva 352 50 .. Southern 853 75 .. 852 50 Western Eastern Sardinian Austrian 497 50 .. 500 Lowbard 597 50 .. 600 *North of Spain Saragossa 632 50 .. 633 75 Ditto to Barcelona .. 350 .. 340 AUSTRIA. VIENNA, Nov. 11. Yesterday the sitting of the Lower Chamber of the Reicharath was of short duration, though the subjects discussed were of interest. The house voted 8,865,338f1. for the Naval Department, and at the same time censured the Government for having expended 400,000f1. more during the year 1862 than had been granted. In fact, the conduct of the Cabinet was declared to be un constitutional. By the report of the Com mittee of Finance it is to be seen that the proposed outlay for the Foreign Department is 2,569,50011., which is 74,882f1. less than in 1862. The sum demanded for the Hungarian Chancellerie is 13,109,100 E; that for the Transylvanian Chancellerie 3,451,000f1. ; and that for the Croato-Slavonian Chancellerie 2 ; 179,7001 The Police Department will cost the country 2,659,800f1. ; and the Ministry of Commerce and Agriculture 1,359,700f1. Ten persons will form a Committee for the manage ment and control of the National Debt, and it is agreed that five of them shall be chosen by the Lower and five by the Upper House. In as far as the Lower Chamber of the Reiehsrath is concerned, the question relative to the Bank is settled, but it is morally certain that some of the conditions pro posed will be rejected by the representatives of the shareholders. NEW YORK CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. --*--- TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. NEW YORE, OCT. 28. SlR,—Your readers will no doubt have seen be fore this reaches London, a copy of the resolutions or address presented by the Chamber of Commerce of this city (not of the State of New York, as their correspondent Mr. Bright named them) referring to many things in general and to the stated case of the Alabama i❑ particular. The document is rather lengthy and discursive, and as it gives opinions upon subjects and assumes as facts certain things which, at the same time, are admitted to be what are called usually " mere mat ters of hearsay," I make a remark in reference only to that resolution, which mentions " the desire of this Chamber, as it is the interest of all its mem bers, to cherish sentiments of amity with the people of Great Britain, to maintain those cordial relations which have led to profitable intercourse, and to strengthen the ties which knit them toge ther in mutual courtesy and respect." These are, it will be admitted, excellent senti ments, and it is only to be regretted that this Chamber has not carried out in practice the theories and the wishes it enunciates ; because it is a matter of fact and of history that for the last 18 months, whatever may be the " wishes and sentiments" of of this body, no other organisation in America has been more constant—to judge by the published re ports of the speeches of its members--in endeavours to stir up, embitter, and originate every circum stance and subject which could create ill-will in the minds of the American people against Great Britain and the British. It is true that in some cases a minority of this Chamber (insignificant in numbers but not in commercial position) has endeavoured to check or modify the anti-British course of debate and expression—and possibly this may explain the absence of late of these names of merchants, &c., of world-wide reputation, from all the proceedings except those of mere local technical concern. In truth and fact, the Chamber of Commerce of New York appears to have turned into a mere political organisation, and, as such, has advocated high tariffs, eulogised and complimented Captain Wilkes for his lawless outrage upon a British vessel of commerce, and when the so-called sea fight took place between the Monitor and Merrimac, and that the then public opinion in this country had pro claimed in its wisdom that the former was a model, and the best war-ship in "all creation." This Chamber's first action was to request Mr. Ericsson to furnish plans and estimates for new Monitors that would pass up the canals, &c., to the lakes:; and when he announced that he could build a war steamer that might destroy all the shipping in the River Thames and return safe again, this senti ment was greeted with the loudest cheers of the members of that Chamber, which now—because a privateer (or war-ship) of another country, or sec tion of a country, has carried into practice the theo retical right which the United States only defended at the Congress of Paris—volunteers to lecture the Government and people of Great Britain upon alleged breaches of neutrality for which there ap pears no further foundation than its own assertion and opinion. I had no wish to comment upon the domestic affairs or political organisptions of this country, but when this Chamber of Commerce volunteered to address my countrymen upon such matters as those referred to, it appeared to me desirable that they should be made acquainted with, or reminded of, the course pursued by it as to Great Britain and the British.—l am, &c., A BRITISH TRAVELLER. 7 ILE PRUSSIAN CHAMBERS. - - - - - - The Constitutionnel give some curious details relative to the working of the Chambers in Prussia. says: -- " A central committee has been formed at Berlin :o receive subscriptions in favour of such functiona- ries as may ba prosecuted in consequence of their political opinions. This latter demands an expla nation. According to the Prussian Constitution functionaries may be elected deputies, and have no need, in order to take 1 heir seats in the Chamber, to obtain any Ministerial authorisation. The elec tors have largely taken advantage of the latitude accorded by the Charter, and for the last twelve years the bureaucracy of all categories, and of all degrees, has furnished a considerable contin gent to the Legislative Assemblies. Under the absolute monarchy, that is until 1847, there were neither tribune nor press ; with some rare excep tions, no one, unless obliged by his public functions, occupied himself with politics. It is thus explained that, at the moment when the populations were called on to take part in the legislation, there was not found a sufficient number of men versed in financial, administrative, and judicial questions ; it was necessary to choose them from among the ranks of the public functionaries. In fact there were counted during ore Parliament, in the Second Chamber, 72 prefects, 30 other functionaries of the administraive orders, 12 royal precureurs, and more than 60 judges. The labours of the Chamber have at many points of view profited by that state of things, but an inconvenience of the gravest kind has resulted from it. The absence of constitutional guarantees under the absolute regime was in some measure compensated for by the privileged situation of the functionaries who, in Prussia, with the ex ception of some rare categories, are in a certain measure not removable ; they can only be dismissed by virtue of a judgment, either of the regular tri bunals, or by disciplinary courts established to take cognisance of the offences committed by them in the exercise of their duties. The action of a Prussian Minister over his subordinates is con sequently of a limited character. The central Government nominates the presidents of the 26 regencies of the monarchy, and those presidents are removable. On the other hand, the regency is a body composed of a certain number of immovable councillors, voting by majority, and in which the president has only a single vote, like the of her coun cillors. It may be understood that, in the absence of all public control, such an organisation was in a position to render immense services; it preserved the people against any excess of power, and con stituted an incorruptible guardianship of the public interests." But the situation was not the same after the pro mulgation of the Charter in 1850, which invested the Chambers with the right of financial control, and conferred on them a portion of the legislative power. Hence as the functionaries can be elected to the Chamber and cannot be removed at will from the places they hold under the Government they can exercise a certain pressure on the Ministers. Hence the Government is obliged at present to do what it can to lessen the influence of the deputies who are functionaries. The writer shows how and explains why the subscriptions spoken of above are necessary : "Now that the Auerswald ministry is no longer in power, a movement in an inverse sense appears to be in preparation. The present ministry finds itself in presence of an opposition, the principal leaders of which are superior functionaries. It can not dismiss them for the single fact of having op- posed the Government from the tribune, and they are therefore immoveable. It therefore makes use of some prerogatives which remain in its hands : it puts on the shelf such of its opponents as have sub mitted to its absolute authority, and sends into other towns such functionaries as are chiefs of the opposition." The writer is strongly opposed to the course thus pursued by the Government, but, on the other hand, he blames the Liberal party in Prussia, professing as it does seriously to respect representative insti tutions, for encouraging functionaries to show oppnstion to the Ministry : " The Liberal party in Prussia," he says, "would do well to examine if there is not still something else to be done than encouraging the opposition of functionaries; for whatever may be the party which governs, the more it endeavours to inspire itself with the principles of the constitutional system, the more of unity it will be obliged to introduce in the ministerial action• That unity can only be established so far as the ministers shall exercise in political matters the most abso lute action over their subordinates. In a word, we believe that, under the representative system, functionaries should as mach as possible remain excluded from the legislative assemblies; at the most could an exception be admitted in favour of those whose functions are essentially political, and who come in and go out with the different ministers ? " GREECE. The Ost Deutsche Post pahlishes the following letter from Greece, which seems to take too gloomy a view of events there:— " Athens, Nov. 2.—The public excitement is now somewhat calmed down, and the Government, aided by the National Guard, succeeds in maintaining in ternal order. The Royalist party assume a com pletely passive attitude. A bold general might doubtless cause a movement in the provinces in favour of Royalty, but of what use would it be ? The troops are still undisciplined, and there is some difficulty in reducing them to order. It is from that quarter that the first danger is to be apprehended. At the moment when the revolution broke out, General Karedscha, the Inspector-General, was making an official tour. lie was arrested by the insur gents, separated from the persons who accompanied him, and saved himself with great difficulty. Since that time no one knows what has become of him. At Navarino the soldiers carried off the funds of the battalion, and have now probably formed them selves into bands of brigands in the mountains. The public treasuries of Patras, Corinth, and Calamatta were saved by the present Government. In spite of the sums found in them and in the Royal Trea sury of Athens, and also of the 100,000 drachmas which the traders and merchants of Syria owed to the former Government, and have now eagerly paid to the Provisional one, the latter has been obliged, from want of funds to cut off a fourth part of the salaries of the officials. At Athens, even, almost all the soldiers have deserted, and in the cavalry there are scarcely men enough left to take care of the horses. The artillery officers make use of the horses in the royal stables. The ex-Ministers Badly (of Vienna), Kolokotromis, Spiro Millo, and Borari have left Athens, as have also several of the princi pal families. A body of SOO students, headed by their professors, maintain order to a certain extent in the capital. All the property of the royal family which had been placed under seal is now being de livered up to the Bavarian Legation, with the ex ception of the letters." The Augsburg Gazette formally contradicts the assertions of the Belgian journals rellitive to King Otho having addressed a formal protest to the three protecting Powers. AMERICA. SOUTHAMPTON, TUESDAY NIGHT. The Hamburg-American Company's screw steam ship Bavaria, Capt. Meier, with advices from New York of the Ist inst., arrived off Cowes at 11 p.m., and went on to Hamburg after transhipping mails, &c., for this port. She brings 31 passengers for Southampton and Havre, and 77 for Hamburg; and on freight 92,800 dols. in specie for England; 47, 516 dols. for Havre, and 1,600 dole. for Hamburg; with a full cargo of general merchandise. The Bavaria called off Cape Race at 8 p.m. on the 6th. During the greater part of the voyege she had heavy westerly winds and gales, with high sea and squally weather. Some icebergs were passed on the 6th, in lat. 47 . 54 N., long. 49.10 W. On the sth the Bavaria passed, off Cape Race, an English screw steamer, John Bell, bound West; and on the Bth, in lat. 50 N., long. 36.50 W., au English side-wheel steamer, with red funnel and two masts, bound west. MEDIATION IN AMERICA. The following is the full text of the despatch of the French Minister of Foreign Affairs, addressed to the Ambassadors of France at Londo❑ and St. Petersburg. We translate it from the 111oniteur " Paris, Oct. 30, 1862 " Sir, —Europe watches with a painful interest the struggle which has been raging for more than a year upon the American continent. The hostilities have provoked sacrifices and efforts certainly of a nature to inspire the highest idea of the perseverance and energy of the two populations; but this spectacle, which does so much honour to their courage, is only given at the price of numberless calamities and at a prodigious effusion of blood. To these results of a civil war, which from the very first assumed vast proportions, there is still to be added the apprehension of a servile war, which would be the culminating point of so many irreparable disasters. " The sufferings of a nation towards which we have always professed a sincere friendship would have sufficed to excite the sincere solicitude of the Emperor, even had we ourselves not suffered by the • counter-blow of these events. " Under the influence of the intimate relations which the extension of intercourse has multiplied between the various regions of the globe, Europe itself has suffered from the consequences of a crisis which dried up one of the most fruitful sources of the public wealth, and which became for the great centres of labour the cause of the most sad trials. " As you are aware, sir, when the conflict commenced we held it our duty to observe the most strict neutrality, in concert with the other maritime Powers, and the Washing ton Cabinet has repeatedly acknowledged the honourable manner in which we adhered to that line of conduct. The sentiments which dictated it to us have undergone no change. But the benevolent character of that neutrality, instead of imposing upon the Powers an attitude which might resemble indifference, ought rather to make them of service to the two parties, by helping them out of a position which seems to have no issue. "From the commencement of the war an armed force was set on foot by the belligerents, which, since then, has almost constantly been kept up, and, after so much blood shed they are now in that respect nearly in the same posi tion. Nothing authorizes the presumption that more deci sive military operations will shortly occur. According to the last news received in Europe, the two armies, on the contrary, were in a condition that would not allow either party to hope within a brief delay for any decided advan tage to turn the balance and accelerate the conclusion of peace. " All these circumstances taken together point to the opportunity of an armistice ; to which, moreover,under pre sent circumstances, no strategical objection can be made. The favourable disposition towards peace which are begin ning to manifest themselves in the North as well as in the South might, on the other band, second the steps that might be made to recommend the idea of a truce. " The Emperor has, therefore, thought that the occasion has presented itself of offering to the belligerents the sup port of the good offices of the maritime Powers, and his Majesty has charged me to make the proposition to the Government of her Britannic Majesty, as well as to the Court of itussia. The three Cabinets would exert their influence at Washington, as well as with the Confederate States, to obtain an armistice for six months, during which every act of war, direct or indirect, should provisionally cease on sea as well as on land, and it might be, if necessary, ulteriorly prolonged. " These overtures, I need not say, Sir, would net imply on our part any judgment on the origin or issue of the struggle, nor any pressure upon the negotiations which might, it is to be hoped, ensue in favour of an armistice. Our task would consist solely in smoothing down obstacles, and in larerrerrag only in the measure determined upon by the two parties. We should not, in fact, believe our selves called upon to decide but to prepare the solution of the diffi culties which hitherto have opposed a reconciliation between the belligerent parties. Would not, moreover, an agreement between the three Courts respond sufficiently to their intentions ? Would it not give to their step the character of evident impartiality ? Acting in concert they would combine the conditions best suited to inspire confidence; the Government of the Em peror by the constant tradition of French policy towards the United States; England by the community of race; Ruasia by the marks of friendship she has never ceased to show to the Washington Cabinet. " Should the event not justify the hope of the three Powers, and should the ardour of the struggle overrule the wisdom of their councils, this attempt would not be the less honourable for them. They would have fulfilled a duty of humanity, more especially indicated in a war in which excited passions render all direct attempts at negotiation more difficult. It is the mission which international law assigns to neutrals, at the same time that it prescribes to them a strict impartiality, and they c aild never make a nobler use of their influence than by endeavouring to put an end to a struggle which causes so much suffering, and compromises such great interests throughout the whole world. " Finally, even without immediate results, these over tures would not be entirely useless, for they might encourage public opinion to views of conciliation, and thus contribute to hasten the moment when the return of peace might be come possible. I request you, sir, in the name of his Majesty, to sub mit these considerations to Lord Russell (or to Prince Gortschakoff), begging him to state the views of the Go vernment of her Britannic Majesty (or of the Court of Russia). "You will also state that I have written in similar terms to the representative of the Emperor at St. Petersburg- (or London),-1 am, &c., DROUTN DR J.41111Y3." THE ITALIAN PRIESTHOOD AND THE POPE. It was lately stated that Father Passaglia had collected the signatures of 10,000 priests to an ad dress to the Pope, praying his Holiness to restore peace to Italy and the Christian church. The address is now published, and it bears the names of 8,943 members of the Italian clergy, of whom 76 are episcopal vicars ; 1,095 monsignors, canons of cathedrals or collegiate churches ; 783 arch-priests, provosts, or parish rectors; 317 chap lains ; 861 parish vicars or curates ; 343 doctors, preachers, or professors ; 167 schoolmasters in orders; 4,633 simple priests ; 767 monks or members of the regular clergy. Other subscribers, whose names are daily printed in Passaglia's journal, Il Media tore, will swell the list to the number of 10,000, as formerly announced. Tne real spirit and aim of the address is contained in these few words : Behold, most blessed Father, from one end to the other of this our Italy a unanimous voice resounds —a voice of religion, of catholic piety—" Long live the Pope !" but another voice is also heard, a voice of patriotism and of national independence— " Long live Rome, the metropolis of the new king dom!" If these two voices, instead of joining in unison, are jarring and conflicting, there is no spiritual or temporal evil that we may not fear, there is no national and religious blessing that we may reasonably hope for. Who, then, shall be the holy man destined to bring these voices to harmonise, to turn them into a beginning and source of so great a happiness for the nation and for the papacy, for society and for the church ? You alone can be he, most blessed Father, as you alone can efficiently repeat that voice which you inherited from the Prince of Shepherds, and which, starting from the Vatican, would fill heaven and earth with exulta tion. Let, then, this voice be heard from your lips, O Pius! Let Italy, which looks upon you with filial love and prays to you, hear this word— " Peace !" Yes, Father, do you announce peace, and we, in our own name and that of Italy, swear to you immortal gratitude. Father Passaglia describes the myriads of priests who have countenanced the movement to which he gave rise as belonging to the " second"or middle order of the clergy. J'he Arnzonia informs us that there are in the Italian kingdom no less than 34 vacant sees, about one-seventh of the whole number. Seven of the Piedmontese prelates, six of those of the Island of Sardini •, one in Liguria, two in Lombardy, one in Parma, six in Tuscany, three in the Marches, two in Umbria, three in Naples, three in Sicily —are either dead or have been turned out of their dio ceses owing to their political misconduct. In the event of any vacancy a consent of the Pope with th e King is necessary for the app ointmen t of a new in cumbent. So let th e war between Pius ly I and Victor Emmanuel c ontinue but a little longe r , and every Italian co mmunit y wit!, be brought to the co ndition of Tur in, w"th has beet Without its arch bi s hop for the last nin e or tea years, and h as mana ged to thrive without Lim. The ti reporary road in Hyde Park, which wah opened for the purposes of the International Exhibition, be tween Queen's-gate, Kensington, and Victoria-gate, Bays water% will 1;),f;$ clopq4 , v 4, tio 18th inst. WES 7 INDIA AND PACIFIC HAILS. -6 , SOUTHAMPTON, THURSDAY. Tho Roynl Mail Company's steamship Seine, Captain Bevett, with the West India and Pacific • mails, in charge of Commander Bingham, RN., naval agent, arrived this afternoon. She brings 61 passengers, including 17 naval invalids, distressed seamen, and private soldiers. The Seine has on freight specie value dols. 720,791, of which amount dols. 155,021 is gold ; bullion, dols. 15,233 ; gold coin, dols. 512,327 ; silver bullion, dols. 32,160; silver coin and pearls, doffs. 5,250. Her cargo comprises 239 serons cochineal, 153 serons indigo, 49 packages india rubber, 18 bags coffee, 20 bales sarsaparilla, 72 packages silver ore, 1,223 bale- , bark, 25 packages skins, 95 packages sundries. Her Majesty's ship Topaze sailed from Panama for Tobago on her way to Vancouver's Island on the 22.1. The Chameleon was at Panama ; the Tar tar was expected at Panama with specie, from the West Coast of Mexico ; the Jason was at Colon ; Challenger, at St. Vincent; Aboukir, at Jamaica the Orlando en route for Vera Cruz; Nereus, at Valparaiso ; Tribune, at Callao ; the Bacchante, en route for Valparaiso ; the Hecate, Forward, and. Grappler, were at Vancouver. The disturbances which had occurred at the Island of St. Vincent were at an end. The Demerara Court of Policy met on the 10tH, 13th, and 14th ult. The market was stocked with all kinds of provisions, and sales difficult to make. The weather continued favourable for the crops. The Pacific Company's steamer Peru, from the Pacific ports, arrived at Panama on the 21st ult., with dates from Valparaiso to 2d; Coquimbo, 3d; Caidea, 4th; Cohija, 6th; Arica, 7th; Islay, Bth; Isla de Chincha, 10th ; Pesco, 10th ; Callao, 13th ; Paita, 16th ; and Guayaquil, 17th. From Chile there is little news. Business had been nearly at a standstill owing to the national festivities in commemoration of the independence of the republic. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. LIVERPOOL AUTUMN MEETING. —THURSDAY. The admirers of a steeplechase were gratified with a lovely day for their amusement, and mustered pretty thickly on the ground after two o'clock, before which hour the attendance was not more numerous than on Wednes day. Four races preceded the great event, and the favou rites wore defeated in three instances. Tho state of the ground was by no moans ill-adapted to the jumping busi ness ; although a sharp frost had rendered it hard in the earlier part of the morning, the sun had thawed it so com pletely before the time of starting arrived that there was no likelihood of a horse slipping on alighting from a leap. In due course six numbers appeared on the telegraph, and after the Leicestershire nag had been Lacked against the field at even betting, Romeo came with such force into the market that the ci-devant favourite receded to 2 to 1, laid freely against him. Every animal in the race had friends, but the famous English hunter afforded to the public another proof of what a good horse can do by win ning most cleverly. Eight ran for the last race, and =- eluded an interesting day's sport at four o'clock. A Sweepstakes of 5 sous each, for 2-yr• olds and 3-yr-olds. Two-yr-olds, 7st; 3-yr-olds, Bst 81b. Mares and geld ings allowed 21b. Half a mile. Five subs. Lord Uxbridge's Mountain Buck, 2 yra, 7st (T. French) Mr. Bruce's Peignoir, 3 yrs, Bst 81b ....(11. Griinshaw) 2 Mr. Jackson's Antar, 2 yrs, 7st (J. Doyle) 3 Mr. J. Johnstone's The Fawn, 2 yrs, 75t.... (Whiteley) 0 Betting-13 to 8 on Peignoir, and 4 to 1 each agst Moun tain Buck and Antar. Mountain Buck jumped away with a slight lead, waited upon by the favourite and Antar to the enclosure, where the former drew away, and won very cleverly by a length, twe lengths separating the secsnd and third. Tho Fawn was beaten off a long way. The Scurry Nursery Handicap of 50 soya, for 2-yr-olds ; winners extra. Three furlongs and 100 yards. Mr. Saxon's Lady Fanny, sst 121 b (J . Grimshsw) 1 Mr. Bruce's Gipsy Girl, Bst (11. Grimshaw) 2 Mr. W.Phillips's Loretta, Est 41b (G. Noble) 3 Mr. A. E. Watson's Unfashionable Beauty, 7st 31b (J. 4 Mr. Elliott's Prairie Flowe r , 6 s t 81b ... (Whitele Dale y) y) 6 Betting—Even on Gipsy Girl, 3 to 1 agst Unfashionable Beauty, and 4 to 1 agst Lady Fanny. _ _ Lady Fanny, making use of a favourable start, jumped away with a clear lead, and before they had traversed 200 yards she had all her horses in trouble, and cantered in the winner by five lengths ; a length between the second and third ; a bad fourth. The Helter-Skelter Stakes of 3 soya each, with 20 soya added, for 2-yr-olds and upward ; weight for age ; win ners extra; with maiden and selling allowances. Six furlongs. 5 subs Mr. It: Riddell's Leontes, aged (20), Set 41b (Challoner) Mr. Crook's Holahan' Lass. 4 yrs (E2O), B s t 41b(Cl ement) Mr. r.Ferdinand, 2 yrs (£2O), Get 21b (Williamson) 3 Mr. Barber's Sails, 2 yrs (£2O), sst 131 b .... (G. Noble) 4 Mr. C. Wintringham's Weatherwise, 3 yrs (£2O), 7st 81b (Pritchard) 5 Betting 2to 1 agst Henham Lass ;sto 2 agst Leontes ; 4 to 1 agst Sails. Leontes, slipping his horses at the start, came on with a commanding load of a dozen lengths, followed in Indian filo by the favourite, Ferdinand, Sails, and Weatherwise to tho distance, where Henham Lass gradually overhauled him, and on reaching the stand she got to his girths, the pair finishing a close race home, Leontes winning on the post by a head ; a bad third. The winner was bought in for 50 guineas, and lienhani Lass was claimed by Mr. T. Cliff. The Sefton Handicap, added to a Handicap Sweepstakes of 5 soya each, 2 ft. Winners extra. Second to save his stake. Mile and a quarter. 21 subs. Mr, Elliott's Gardener, 4 yrs, Cat (Hunter) 1 Mr. Johnstone's Lady Ripon, 4 yrs, 7st 101 b (Challoner) 2 In conseqenco of the required number of horses not run ning, the 60 sovs added was not given. Betting-2 to lon Gardener, who, making use of his ad vantage in weights, jumped away with a clear lead, and made all the running, and won in a canter by ten lengths. After the race the winner was backed for the Liverpool Cup at 2,000 to 80, The Liverpool Autumn Steeplechase Handicap of 100 sovs l added to a sweepstakes of 5 soya each, 2 ft ; winners ex tra; second to receive 10 sovs out of the stakes. About three miles, starting near the Canal-bridge, once round and in. 29 subs. Mr. B. J. Angell's Bridegroom, aged, lOst 41b (Mr. W. Beville) I. Mr. Adams's Piff Paff, aged, 9st 121 b .... (G. Holman) 2 Mr. H. Melville's Mary Ann, aged, 9st 81b (D. Meaney) 3 Tumbler, Anatis, and Romeo also ran. Betting-2 to 1 agst Bridegroom, 3to 1 agst Romeo, 4 to 1 agst Puff Paff, 6 to 1 agat Anatis, 7 to 1 agst Tumbler, and 10 to 1 agst Mary Anne. Mary Anne, in company with Romeo and Anatis, were the first to show in advance, closely followed by Bride groom and Piff Paff, Tumbler being last, in which way they ran in close company to the first fence, which Romeo and Anatis cleared side by side, having Bridegroom and Piff Paff at their quarters, Mary Anne and Tumbler fol lowing, the last named jumping the obstructions in a very slovenly manner. The water jump in front of the stand was cleared by Anatis a length in advance of Romeo, after whom came Bridegroom, Piff Paff, Mary Anne, and Tun).. bier in the order we have given them, and in which r., rder they ran to the fence out of the course, where P&P aff went to the front, and with Romeo, Bridegroom, a r jci Anatis in close attendance entered the encic sures beyo",d,wherellomeo went to the fore, but, refusing the eu,tfor_ , ce into the ploughed Annewh asi:lw lot; land, he was left in the rear, riff ad once a gain going on in advance, having Bridegroom which her lead, way mediate followers,the latt er t a ki ng t h e headland to the right, by which she, secured sound go ing, her followers crossing the centre s , On reaching echaeard's- Maryßr oe k , which his the got safay over, Mary Anne somewhat increase Piff Paff still lyi ng seco nd, and Bridgroom third, An a ti a tandthey proceeded Tumbler along fol lowingthe canal n wide i d e intervals, an d te the lower t u rn, in where the three joined, and ran in close Company to the flight of hurdles at the distance, where the Irish mare was disposed of, leaving Piff Paff with a slight lead, which he held to the enclosure, where the favourite got up, and wort a fine race by a length; a bad third. The others did not pass the post. A Handicap Plate of 8 0 sous, for all ages. Wi nners 71b extra. Half a mil e . Mr. Temperley's Alice, 2 yrs, Est 21b Mr. T. Hughes's Miss Emma, 4 yrs, 6st ( 121 b (T. French) 2 Mr. Barber's Cutler, 3 yrq, sst 121 b Mr. Angell's Strawberry ' Hill, 2 yrs, fist (Woodhouse) 4 The following also ran :—Miss Julia, David Ann, Bird finder, and Antipodes. (G. Noble) 3 Betting -5 to 2 agst Antipodes, 3to 1 agst Mies Emma, 4 to 1 sgst Miss Julia, 5 to 1 agst Alice, 7 to 1 agst Straw betrY Hill, and 10 to 1 agst Cutler. Miss Julia made play at her best pace to the distance, when she dropped back, and the four placed came on to gether, Alice winning a close and exciting race by a head; three lengths between the second and third, a bad fourth ; Miss Julia and David Ann were fifth and sixth, Antipodes (who was left at the post) and Birdfinder bringing up the rear. The Tyro Stakes of 3 soya each, with yr-olds, colts Bst 101 b, fillies B st 71 b. T. Y. C . Did not fill. 30 sous added, for -- Marshal Canrobert is expected shortly to visit Marseilles, Toulon, Avignon, Nismes, Valence, and Mont pellier, to inspect the troops under his command. CRYSTAL PALACE. —ONE SHILLING DAY, Thurs day, Nov. 13.—Aduribsiuns on payment, 358; ditto by season tickets, 607; total visitors, 065. Bu, Mark fog gy princi V allee much being to sel contir ThG tnontl abl e . of £1 balm 41 )d tt The rnorui forwa: Per favoui return th e notes, Short Bank know] pri ces taent, tra ns f the ac and a Iteduc dined th e 5 . The not be °Qell s fayonr Gre na bei ng. The°, SPanil Turki, 6 4; 71 1 Bu E 'very ( cr ease York, ,Westi vVest, th e 01 F ranc br oug East ] (li ar , / Joi t Ba n k and u In 1 , 114 '41 t o 56/ 13. . 1 , 3411 k 3 t Per ii te \,7 r Ditt bitt Indi a flit -Oitt Tb £144, i2B,sil annul until Ac rnone obtaii but i been clan Bla ( Pan; brou l tioteE parti C olas() tzehi ar oma Ditl k.bit Italia Cons( bit