The Sun. — London, England, 1859-06-23 00:00:00

THE HEAD-QUARTERS OF THE ALLIED ARMIES IN ITALY. We (Times) have been favoured with the follow ing letter from the same correspondent who has already described the principal events of this cam paign " BERGAMO, JUNE 14. " You will, of course, ask yourself what I can have to do in this rather out of the way place. The answer is simply that I wished to have a look at the Italian movement in its everyday garb. On all the line where the great army of the Allies passes it spreads such a halo around it that everything else is made obscure for miles, and you see nothing but this colossal symbol of force and determination. Nor can it do otherwise ; there is a grandeur in the very sight of a large armed force which imposes and subdues. How much more must this be the case when it comes with the prestige of victory and in the name of freedom. It must eclipse everything else. Besides, in this special case one must remem ber that the initiative, long before the war even began, was taken out of the hands of the people. It was in order to regulate the Italian move ment, and not to let it run wild, as it did in 1848, that the two Sovereigns have put them- selves at the head of it. They kept down sys tematically all fermentation, prevented agita tion, and the people, trusting to their powerful interference, gave scarcely any sign of life while their fate was being decided. One must keep this always in mind, for had it not been for the assur ances from France and Sardinia we should have seen a repetition of many of the scenes of 1848. As it was, the people had not trusted in vain, for town after town and district after district were rid of the Austrians by the gradual advance of the Allies, and without any danger or sacrifice on their part. There were, indeed, numbers of youths who, evan before the war broke out, went over to Piedmont and enlisted, but this was the act of individuals as such, and not of the people collectively. " These latter had hitherto only had occasion to show their spirit in most parts by enthusiastic dis plays of welcome and gratitude towards the Allies. Wherever, therefore, the Allies have passed on their line of advance hitherto, the Italian movement is only as it were beginning. " The slopes of the mountains to the North form, however, an exception ; here the popular element was called early into play. Garibaldi, the renowned partizan chief of Italy, was sent over, long before the allied armies moved, to rouse the population of the hills, and to drive out the Austrians with their assistance. With a body of 4,000 or 5,000 men, among whom was a large number who had come over from Lombardy, Garibaldi was the representa- tive, as it were, of the popular element ; his mission being to make a diversion on the flank of the armies which still occupied the country in force, it could only be accomplished by the assistance of the people. " Here, then, if anywhere in Lombardy is, for the moment, the place to see whether an Italian move ment, which, like every other, must imply risks and sacrifices, exists or net. It has not only been left to itself, but stimulated to show itself. Remember now the facts which tell more than anything else. Before the allied forces stirred from the Po, Gari baldi with his troops was at Varese, between the Lago Maggiore and Como. Before they had crossed the Sesia he had gone to Como, before the Allies entered Milan he was at Lecco, before they stirred from Milan he had entered Bergamo, and while they were crossing the Adda he was already in Brescia. That all this did not happen without vicissitudes and losses is natural, but this does not impair the great fact. " No doubt, to the boldness and resources of the commander and the bravery of his troops this suc cess is due in the first instance. There was always an apprehension abroad that the Italians would not fight very desperately. The bravery of the regular Piedmontese army of course no one doubted, but the volunteers had a rather dubious renown from 1848, when with some brilliant exceptions they did not show much fight. Garibaldi's troop formed then one of these exceptions, and certainly the Cacciatori deli Alpi keep up the renown of their chieftain. To any commander, but above all to the leader of light troops like Garibaldi's, the confi dence of the soldier is one of the most necessary qualifications. The leader of the Cacciatori delli Alpi possesses this to an incredible degree ; he seems to know how to inspire every one with kind obedience and unbounded trust in his skill and luck. Hence it arises that all the more enthusiastic of the youths, many among them of the best Italian families, have entered his troop, which, unlike other volunteer corps, may be looked upon rather as a eorps d'elite. The result of this is that, if anything, too great daring is their fault. " To such a body of men it was alone possible to undertake the hazardous mission which it received to throw itself on the right flank of the enemy on the slopes of the Alps, and rouse the population in those parts. If the people did not rise, and if the Austrians sent an overwhelming force, there was no outlet but to surrender or be killed. The Aus trians did send, as you know, General Urban with a division to catch Garibaldi, and he would possibly have succeeded in forcing his troops to with draw into Switzerland and be disarmed had it not been for the good spirit of the population. As it was, Garibaldi kept him back by continual skir mishes and clever marches, until the advance of the allies forced him to withdraw. The whole expe dition of the Cacciatori was rather one of those adventurous enterprises in the style of the middle ages than of modern warfare, and it will read almost like a romance when all its details are known. Aided by the hardiness and the spirit of his troops Garibaldi was able to realize the mi.Q.ion of lirs'l‘ troops to perfection. Now on the flank, now on the rear, now in front of the enemy, and appearing on points where he was least expected, he owed to this mobility his escape from the superior forces which were sent against him. "But all this would, perhaps, have as little availed him as the bravery of his troops had he not found the people ready to side with him. He had worked here in 1849, and his name was well known; it w as one of the few which had come out without a stain from that way. He was therefore the man for the work. " If you look at the map, you will find on the northern slopes of the Alps a number of larger or smaller towns scattered about, with a population ranging from 5,000 to 40,000. Most of these towns are of old origin, and not few among them have played a considerable part in history, as the heads of one or another confederation of Lombard towns. Although centuries have passed since they lost their independence, so strong seems the vitality of free dom that the traditions of Ware religiously kept up, and a ipark. of the spirit which once animated them has survived centuries of subjection. It was natural to suppose that, if anywhere, here one could reckon on supporters of the Italian cause. "Nor was this supposition wrong ; for they who would have stirred sooner had they not had orders to remain quiet lost no time in answering the signal for rising. As soon as Garibaldi's troops showed theinsdited, in the neighbourhood of one of these ttsvvii4he Austrians thought it timVo quit, in order 'lotto -expose themselves to be attacked in a town in lee** Arms, of the existence of which no one Iry were rapidly forthcoming. A national guard was iramediately organized, barricades thrown up to resist, i n case the Austrians tried to return, volunteers were enrolled, means of subsistence as well as of transport organized for the friendly troops, and information collected about the movements of the Austrians. Andthis spirit was not displayed in one town or two, but in all without exception. .. There was but one class which, as. a body, did not join in this general movement, and this was the clergy, which is strong in numbers and influence over the peasantry in the villages. This the seat of espe ciallyon the c ase at Bergamo, which i s =dent bishopric and possesses an incredible num ber of convents. Too weak to make head against the stream, most of its members apparently foll ow it, but in` reality ex ert their i nfluence secretly I against it. ' Ar this is known, the feeling against the whole class is very strong in the towns, and if ever the movement should take a revolutionary turn it will end ill for them. " The peasantry in the villages, although unmis takeably worked upon by the priests, have shown lveri nekther forward nor backward in the national cause ; they do what they are told, but, with that distrust this class usually shows against any innovation, they keep back not to compromise themselves too early, and to see which ay things are turning. Here, as every where else, the system of Austria has been to favour the pea • ntry against the towns and the great proprietors. Hitherto this went only so far as to exact a far greater propor tion of taxes from those classes which were known to be hostile to Austrian rule. It seems now that, in the danger of a rising of the towns of Lom bardy, it was decided to excite, if possible, the jea lousy and rivalry of the different classes—a sys tem which had had signal success in Galicia in 1848. There are certain signs that a crusade has been preached against the landlords. This is more apparent in the plain, where the greatest number of large properties exist ; but even there it can have no effect, unless a Communistic turn is given to the agitation. The position of landlord and peasant is here simply that which exists in England between landowner and farmer, and between the latter and the labourer. The only difference is that the rent i s p a id in kind, and not in money—F,o many measures of wheat for each acre, so much silk for each mulberry tree, and so on. Mere is no trace of forced labour, or any other remains of the feudal system. That the idea of becomiing proprie tors instead of labourers may be mad e palatable and find admirers among the peasantr:y there can be no doubt, but in the meantime it is. only in its infancy, and as soon as the new Government is established it will die of itself. " Here at Bergamo the priestly eler vent has its headquarters in the upper town. Bergamo mainly lies on and at the foot of the last hills of the Alps, between the valleys of the Brembo and the Serio. The old town, surrounded by high walls, is built on the hills, while the new town lies in the plain at the foot of them. In everything there is a. contrast be tween the two, one being the representative of pro gress, the other of standstill and decay. The whole trade, which is considerable, has quitted the old town, and has established itself in the more acces sible plain, while the clergy and the employes occupy the old. town. The former thus has all the advantages, except in beauty of situation and vener able monuments. In this the old town will be rarely surpassed. Standing on its bastions, which have been converted into promenades, planted with rows of acacias and horse-chestnuts, you can look on one side almost into the heart of the Alps, while on the other a large part; •of the Lombard plain lies before you, with the dome of Milan Cathedral and the town of Brescia in tho distance. The last slopes are dotted over with - whit e country-houses among clusters of woods, while in a semicircle before you at least 30 villages are disk inctly visible. " The contrast between t he old and new town is just at present even more st riking than usual, owing to the animation which ha 9 been impressed on the latter by recent events. Ch'ing from one to — the other is as if you came to t mother world. In the upper town nothing but priests, a few bare shops, numbers of venerable churches and other medival buildings ; a few national guards at the gates serve alone to remind you that you are in the 19th century. Down below, on the contrary, all is bustle awl animation ; numbers of Garibaldi's volunteers roam ing through the streets, officers coming and going, every one on the look-out for what is passing, the cafes and restaurants filled as well as the streets— all frank joy and activity, as above hypocrisy, silence, and lethargy. "On Sunday last the King came to have a look at his good town of Bergamo. He remained in the lower town, where the bishop and his clergy paid their visit : the town had presented its address before, and even the clergy had to smile. The municipality ordered thanksgivings, and the cathe dral is being decorated for the ceremony, which is to take place to-morrow. BRESCIA, 7uNB 16, "From the heading of my letter you can perceive that we, are fast advancing towards the point where the Austrians must stand at last. In the meantime the allied armies are following almost without firing a shot. Already on the Adda line it was evident that the Austrians hail. given up resist ance for the present, and intended to take up their position in or close before their lam( ins quadrilatere, They had, indeed, destroyed all the bridges on the Adda, but put no difficulties in the way of others being constructed. As I told you itt my letter from Bergamo, it is more than probable that Garibaldi's appearance at the same time on ta ie right flank of the Austrian line contributed to hasten the back ward movement, but the plan for it had been de vised before, and the order given. The evacuation of Bergamo must, however, have taiken place before it was expected, because letters sent there from the Austrian head-quarters were intercepted, and from these it appears that the plan of tlae Austrians was to retire in all haste behind the Chiesa, the last transverse river before the Mincio, and from thence the order was to draw back step by step towards the four sallyports of the quadrilatere, Peschiera, Valeggio, Goito, and Mantua. " Hitherto this plan has been followed very nearly, for, except a few skirmishes with Garibaldi's troops, they nowhere waited for the approach of the Allies. It was only yesterday that the last of these skir mishes took place, at Rezzato, a Tillage a few miles in advance of this town, on the road to Lonato and Peschiera. Although small in its dimensions, it was as usual hot, for the volunteers are brave as lions and the officers daring. Yesterday two com panies, sent out as eelairears, fell in with a whole battalion. Nothing daunted by this, a detachment was sent off to some woods in the neighbourhood which were situated on the flank of the Cassina, which the rest hastened to occupy. The Austrians came on, but were so well received both in front and in flank that they soon turned. Animated by this success, the volunteers rushed forward into the village, and penetrated to the bridge which. leads over the canal. Arrived there, they fell into a re gular ambuscade ; they were received with a hail of musketry, which came down upon them from all sides, the spot near the bridge being the point of union of several roads. They were checked by this unexpected reception, but even more by the sight of the large masses of Austrians to which' the origi nal battalion had increased. Although only so few in number, yet, encouraged by the words and example of their officers, they kept their position until two regiments under Garibaldi's own leader ship arrived. When the Austrians saw this rein forcement, they likewise brought up fresh troops and two batteries of artillery. To these only a few against their larger mountain guns cou ld b e opposed, which, of course, could m eu t h ed opponents. not hold their The o result was that th e Aus tr ians could not be driven from their p osi tion. But neither seemed they to have a wish 't o di stur b Garibaldi's troops in their position. Th e Di v i s i on Cialdini of the Sardinian army came up to the assistance of Garibaldi, but it arrived only when the fight was over. The commanding officer who led the original two companies towards Rezzato re ceived three rifle bullets, but he is still alive. Col. Tarr, the Hungarian officer, who, as you will re member, was arrested in Wallachia, in 1856. by the Austrians, and liberated by the British Govern ment, accompanied these two companies, and while forming them to a new attack, was shot through the arm, besides which about a hundred of the Cacciatori were killed or wounded. Were it not for the example of determina tion and courage, which produces a great effect here, one might almost regret such skir mishes, for a small brave troop is soon ex hausted. But it was by this daring against most formidable odds that Garibaldi has so successfully accomplished his mission, and thus one step in advance gives ten times as many volunteers as are put hors de combat by the engagements pre ceding it. Thus, the town of Brescia alone has given, out of a population of 40,000, 3,000 volun teers; the whole town is swarming with them, and they are just as eager as those who were first en listed—nay, more so, for the prestige with which the adventurous expedition into Lombardy has en dowed Garibaldi's corps is a wonderful spur to all youpg men in the towns: they leave silk and cotton, trade and industry, to follow the tricolour banner. "Now you would like to know how we came from the line of the Adda to that of the Mella and the Chiese, The history is told in a few words. For THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 23, 1859 one step the allies made in advance the Austrians ' made one to the rear. This is literally the whole story—no incidents except those always consequent on the march of a large army, more or less heat in the day, and chill or rain at night, more or less dust and ineumbrance on the road, fewer or more dainties to be got by foraging. ,‘ But with all that you must not suppose that because there was no fighting the march of the large force of the allies went, as it were, by itself. Although in popular opinion the idea of a commander-in-chief is a gentleman on a prancing horse, among no end of cannon balls and bursting shells, the coup d'ecil on the battlefield, however important, is by no means the greatest quality in a commander. Most battles have been won before even they began, by the preliminary dispositions. This was the art in which all great generals excelled. " As no one could foretell that the Austrians would continue to retreat, one had to be prepared at every step for a rencontre with them, and while never losing sight of this possibility, it was of the highest importance to conceal the real plan of attack, to bring up the army under the most favourable con ditions before the enemy, and to guard against any countermovement of the latter. How far this has been done will be probably apparent shortly. But besides these strategical dispositions there was like. wise the res frumentaria to be looked to, on which Caesar the great commander lays such stress, the maintenance of a large army making no requisitions. The Roman armies and those of the French Republic had the advantage which the Austrian army of the present day has likewise—namely, to live on the countries through which they pass. This facilitates and simplifies marching very much. There are no long waggon trains which are slow to come up and encumber the roads, but it becomes quite different if one has to organise a regular system of supplies over a long line for a large army in advance. The French and Piedmontese soldier has, indeed, an invaluable quality—namely, to carry the most necessary part of his rations for several days with him, and to keep them, too, which is the great art. He is thus never entirely dependent on the com missariat. But when it comes to a systematic advance, and not a short expedition, then the diffi culties are the same as with any other army. The rapidity of the movement scarcely allowed the drawing of these regular supplies from the country by means of contracts or ready money purchases ; at any rate, one could not trust to this expedient, and it was necessary to be prepared with everything without reckoning on what the country itself could supply. Everything had to be brought up over long distances. To facilitate this, an auxiliary train has been organised for each of the two armies, by means of contractors who supply the carts of the country. It answers well ; the horses and mules are, in spite of some hard work, round and sleek, and the men are kept in order by the agents of their employers, so that no trace is found of all the excesses by which these bodies of men usually distinguish themselves. The result of this is that the soldier has not been a single day without his full rations, and, what is more, he has them as soon as he arrives, which makes a great difference. " Now that the country behind is free of the enemy all these difficulties will be considerably diminished. Lombardy is, as every one knows, extremely rich in all natural productions, and will be able to supply most things even if the allied army should have to remain for a considerable time. " As for the movements by which the troops ad vanced from Milan towards the Mella, it would be premature to speak of them, besides which they can only be understood when the plan becomes more developed. I will give you, therefore, only a general sketch now. As you know,' the first move in advance of Milan was in the direction of Lodi, which the Austrians abandoned after having been driven from their position at Malegnano, which is just half-way between Milan and Lodi. This move meat was only a kind of demonstration to leave the enemy uncertain as to the point where the passage was really to be effected. There are not less than six great passages across the Adda, besides several other smaller ones. The great are at the fortress of Pizzighettone, Lodi, Cassano, where the railway bridge crosses likewise, at Vaprio, Ponte San Pietro, and at Lecco. All the bridges except this last, which is out of the way and had been passed before by Garibaldi, were destroyed by the Austrians, that of Lodi immediately after the demonstration towards that place, and the others on the night of the 10th and 11th. The next day pontoon bridges were already erected, both at Vaprio and Cassano, and the troops began to pass across. The same evening the King left Milan, and the next morn ing the Emperor transferred his head-quarters to Gorgonzola. Every day since the advance has continued. " The country beyond the Adda is perhaps more than any other part of Lombardy intersected by roads, connecting the many considerable towns and villages which lie on this line eastwards. This facilitated the advance considerably, for being so close to the enemy it was always necessary to keep well together. " The Austrians retired so fast that none of the bridges over the Serio, Oglio, or the Mella have been destroyed. The railway itself was left unin jured, and the telegraph only so little damaged that almost all along the line the poles remained standing, removing thus one of the greatest diffi culties for its re-establishment. I need not say that as soon as the army passes both telegraph and rail way are put together in working order, and the bridges which have been destroyed are all in process of reconstruction. " According to the last news the Austrians have large forces concentrated on the open plain before Montechiaro, which is one of the few spots on this side of the Chiese sufficiently extensive to be the battle-field of a large army. One corps, about 20,000 strong, was yesterday still at Bagnolo, and had made a heavy requisition on the place. A story is here related, for which I cannot vouch, but which I have heard from people who have come to-day from there. The Austrians placed guards before all the bakers' ovens, and ordered them to make bread as fast as they could. This bread was distribUted between the German and Croat soldiers, but an Italian regiment which was with the corps received no rations, although the soldiers had had nothing to eat for the last 26 hours. The people, seeing this, prepared some polenta for them, but were prevented from giving it by the Austrian authorities. If this is true, the Austrians must have been undeceived as to their first impression with regard to the Italian troops which are in their army. " In spite of the concentration of the Austrians on this side of the Chiese I can scarcely believe they will seriously try to defend that line, with the river in their rear. They may perhaps do something of the kind behind the Chiese, as the left bank of it on both sides of the town of Montechiaro is skirted by a line of low hills, which forms the first of a succes sion of positions in the direction of the Upper Min cio. The only question is whether the Allies are obliged to accept a battle on the ground which the Austrians have chosen for themselves. They showed already before that they don't always take their wishes into account, for they left the Austrians at Mortara and went instead up the Ticino, where the latter had to follow in hot haste. " In the meantime the town of Brescia is in no small excitement at the presence of the Allied troops. Brescia, as you know, has always been distinguished for its ardour in the national cause, and was in con sequence fearfully illtreated by General Haynau. If anything, the tragedy enacted here in 1849 has rather increased the patriotism of the great mass of the inhabitants. It is, as a general rule, in these populous towns that one must look for the reactionary, force of the Itali an movement. There is, o f course , in Brescia, as wel l as in every one of them, th e old generation of noble s, who a are t o Austria,and the the priesthood, which belon g s dutiful daughter of t he Church, but this i s only a small, very smal l fraction, - which c omes scarcely into account. The great majority of the people engaged in trade, espe ciall y the silk trade, are heart and soul with the movement. The chief production pf all this part along t he southern slo p es of the Alps is silk, and the towns are the centres where the produce of the surrounding country is disposed of. But youmust not imagine these towns, like other country towns on the continent, full of prejudices and far behind their age. Although they are on a smaller scale, they resemble in their spirit those large manufacturing towns of England which are the most advanced part of the community ; the difference is that most of them have played a more or less prominent part in history, which they are proud of. They are, in fact, still what they were as Municipia under the Romans and as Free Towns in the Middle Ages—the strength and pride of Italy. The Austrians well knew this, for not only did they never reckon upon them, but they con sidered them rather as their most deadly enemies. When they had to withdraw before the Allies, they quitted them as fast as possible, for they knew that the first tricolor would be the signal of a general rise, and they had in lively recollection the street fights - of 1848. " With the exception of a part of Garibaldi's men none of the Allied troops have stayed in the town ; they are encamped outside. As soon as tney ap peared in the neighbourhood the Municipality got up an address, signed by all the most prominent citizens, in which they declared their resolution to renew the union with Sardinia which had been broken off since 1848. This address was presented to the King. " The beauty in these towns is that, in spite of the systematic war which Austria has carried on against the Municipalities, naming her own crea tures and preventing as much as possible their action, there is so much life in these old bodies, that as soon as the pressure is withdrawn they right themselves in an instant. They establish their self-government as if they had always exercised it ; there is no new organisation re quired ; the most objectionable among the coun cillors go away of their own free will ; some popular men are taken in, and the system works admirably. It was the same in all the towns which the Austrians have left hitherto. ' And this is like wise the secret why no excesses are committed ; no interregnum ensues, which leaves no scope to the development of evil passions. No doubt, the Mu nicipalities are considerably aided in their work by the great predominant idea which has taken com plete hold of most minds—namely, to do everything and submit to everything in order to get rid of the hated foreign dominion ; but were it not for the Municipalities this would scarcely be sufficient to • prevent over zeal and the dangers accompanying it. " JuNt 17, 10 A.M. " The town is resounding with cries of joy. King Victor Emmanuel is making his festive entry at the head of his Staff. The stern-looking gray buildings are festively decorated with tricolors and carpets, the windows and balconies as well as the streets filled with an enthusiastic crowd, it rains flowers from all sides, and the sun is brightening every object. It certainly compensates for many hardships and dangers to make war in a friendly country, where you have the people with you, and where every one of your steps is strewn with flowers and illuminated with bright happy faces. The war almost loses its horrors, unless, perhaps, you have to go and see a wounded friend close by. " The moment for something decisive seems fast approaching ; the armies are more and more con centrated, so as to be at hand, and are advancing towards the great aim." HE IS COME! (From the Times.) When the hawk is in the air the barndoor fowl will flutter and scream. But the alarm may be well founded, yet carried beyond the limits of reason. The Assurance-offices most emphatically warn people not to move their furniture in a hurry. A thick party-wall takes some time to burn through. There are party-walls in politics as well as in house rows, and if terrified householders sometimes throw their tables and chairs, and themselves too, out of window before there is any need, or incur a certain flood of water to escape the mere chances of a scorching, nations can , do themselves the same foolish damage. The smaller States of Europe are quite right to keep up their defences in a good serviceable condition. Of course, there is no know ing what may happen. A hundred contingencies not at all uncomplimentary to the belligerents now in the field, may bring the torrent of war over other ground. For example, we confess we should hear with great dismay of anything happening to Na poleon 111. of a sort to transfer to new hands the government of France and the conduct of the war. It is the duty of every State that cares for its inde pendence to protect itself to the best of its ability. But that is a very different thing from joining the war by anticipation, proclaiming partisanship, fix ing upon men the characters they repudiate, and creating difficulties in the way of a better course. A few towns in aermany, which, in the event of war coming their way, would simply be trodden under foot and smothered by a rm i es , are loud in their abuse of France. They defy her, and chal lenge her once more to violate that Fatherland which in the map of history is one huge battlefield. Cannot England, which has so often and so fruit lessly assisted the Continent with money and arms, assist it better with her example and advice ? Cannot she teach it to imitate her own insular neutrality ? King Leopold is on a visit to our Court, and it is likely enough that this experienced Sovereign should contrast with anxious feelings the vicinity of a Napoleon with the protection of a father-in law. Belgium is not the country that can contem plate without misgivings a sanguinary war be tween France and a German State. It is with S tr.aalarm. nJames's,c Austria that she is now connected by family ties. ' But a Napoleon is not the worst thing Belgium has andrejectedLuo s Napoleon the doing Orleans duty ltd,s,o,yadynasty, fear. asr et syfdlißnn Belgium g B qi -t uu B ie n was n all ' tly as a special constable. Lainartine, Cavaignac, almost every Frenchman of known courage and ability, had a better chance of a French throne than a Bonaparte. The spirit of-the French nation was then the bugbear. It was France, all soul, all nerve, all emotion, all fire, with no field for her ambition, and scarce room for her people. King Leopold thought of Antwerp, and wished it were safe. He listened to hear it cried in the streets of Paris that the Rhine was the natural boundary of France, and respect for a wise and good man pre vents us from specifying the effect it would have had on his movements. So it is not in the name of Napoleon, or in a war between a Napoleon and Austria, that consists the danster. For Belgium it is better that her powerful and excitable neighbour should be in the grasp of one man capable of taking a comprehensive view of its interests and those of France. It might be the interest of any ambitious General or any demagogue to recommend an inva sion, on any or no reason. He might care little for the question of right, and his stake might be only that-of the ordinary adventurer, who gains by suc cess and loses nothing by defeat. What if the civilised world were indignant ? What if an army were destroyed? He would survive to repeat his pernicious counsels, with the turn of fortune now in his favour. On the contrary, it is of the greatest importance to Napoleon 111. to stand well with Europe, and not to have a serious mis chance. His apologies may not be always quite satisfactory, but they are apologies , and tributes to the paramount claims of public morality. He knows and feels better than any man in France the consequences Of betraying that reckless acqui sitiveness which marked the career of his uncle. He feels the difference between a fixed and an ad vancing frontier. Central Europe has shown that it is not neces sarily concerned in a war arising out of the con flicting interests of great Powers in the smaller Mediterranean States. England, France, and Russia have all a deep interest, or choose to feel one, in the disposal of Turkey and the detached kingdom of Greece. Austria and France have a like interest in Italy. The nature of these interests it is needless to scrutinize. The fact of an interest which has led to frequent interference, occupation, and invasion is enough for the purpose. The three first-mentioned Powers waged a costly war, and finally settled the affairs of Tu4ey without em broiling Germany, even though Austria was sub stantially interested in the result. She could then afford to be neutral, and, of course, all Germany, though not without some reasons for keeping Russia within bounds, was also neutral. The pre sent case is merely a repetition of the former on a somewhat smaller scale between only two great Powers and with still less pretension to a European quarrel. The only interest of Europe in Italian affairs is to leave Italy to itself, and keep Italy to itself. We believe it to be also the interest of the neighbouring States to leave her alone, for she can only occupy their attention and their armies with out contributing any equivalent support. Were France, at the loss of fifty thousand men, to find herself occupying Italy with a hundred thousand, she would not be in at all a better condition for molesting the rest of Europe. Nor would the results be more dangerous to the peace of Europe if Austria were to be triumphant. What, then, has Germany to fear ? What has Belgium ? The best thing they can do is to remain neutral so long as the war is localised in Italy, and in the meantime to take a lesson from the lamentable breakdown of the boasted military system of Austria. The giant ' has collapsed at the bullet of a French rifle. Dis cipline, physical strength, the commissariat, the strategy, the transport—everything has failed in the hour of trial, excepting only the courage of the men, who have been marched up, famished, sleepless, and sun-stricken, to be shot down without a chance of even selling their lives dear. It now turns out to be an immense army, or rather an immense crowd of raw lads, without training, without skill, without stamina. Such is the stuff of these huge German armaments, that make so great a show on paper, but vanish at the first crossing of bayonets or the first sound of the cannon. This is to play at armies. Let all the Powers of Europe, great and small, see that they have real armies, of real soldiers, who can en ' dure a march as well as fight ; and let them see that the rest of their system is adapted for the field as well as the parade, and then they need not be much concerned for the fate of an Italian campaign. As to ourselves we need a fleet as well as an army, and it will be our own fault if we have not one equal to all that can be brought against us. For the general interests of the human race it were to be wished that Austria and France found better use for their men and money ; but they are not rendering them selves more dangerous to the rest of Europe by de stroying one another on the other side of the Alps. (From the Daily News.) " His Majesty the King of the Belgians arrived to-day, on a visit," &e. This is one of the regular entrées of a London season, as regular as the Derby, the Ascot Cup-day, Almaek's, or Cremorne • and we are certainly not among those who are inclined to attach any special meaning to a perfectly natu ral and customary incident, Limited monarchy, however strictly interpreted, is not supposed to be impersonated by a Monarch whose doings and goings are limited to the tether of his own domain, and it would be a monstrous imperti nence, as well as cruelty, to grudge qur excel lent cousin, King Leopold, whose palaces are small, and whose subjects are few, an occasional change of air and scene. Besides, Laeken, we cannot help admitting, is a little dull, and Brussels politics are not the liveliest in the world. A trip to Dover is an excellent "constitutional," and at a time like the present it is an absolute tonic to an old gentle man who takes a warm and conservative interest in other people's affairs_ It would be hard indeed if royal personages were not permitted to pay a family visit, to take a peep at old friends, to enjoy a fortnight's run, without incurring the dark sus picions of uncourtly Radicals, who can never be persuaded that Kings and Princes sometimes-talk about the weather, like the dullest of ordinary mortals. It is a grave symptom of something or other, this morbidly indiscreet curiosity about what is called " the Court policy," so prevalent of late ; as if our boasted responsible Government had sub sided into the pitiable condition of a screen for secret agencies unamenable to Parliamentary and national control. So that when a wise and under standing Prince, who was an English nobleman before he was a foreign King, comes over once or twice a year to the adopted country of his early life, a solemn buzz and murmur rises up ; a wfully vigilant and acute observers whisper audible surmises, and shake their heads protestingly. This disposition to regard King Leopold as the grand fly wheel to the dynastic machine of Continental Europe cannot be said to date from the memorable occasion when' were assured on the highest au thority that " Constitutional Government was on its trial ;" but that oracular utterance is certainly responsible for having quickened a jealousy which was almost extinct. Of course it is idle to affect to doubt that the King of the Belgians pays some at tention to what is passing beyond the frontiers of his interesting and industrious little kingdom, and the present crisis in the South of Europe is calcu lated to excite not only his interest but his emo tions, and to recall vividly to his mind the circum stances under which he ascended a throne which he has filled with so much credit and advantage to the monarchical principle in general and to the Belgian people in particular. We could not recommend his Majesty a better course of reading during his present stay in London than Liansard's Parliamentary Debates for the years 1830-1832. We are persuaded that the perusal of the debates on the Belgian question and the Con ference of London will strengthen his perceptions of the true bearings of the Italian question, and enable him to take a clear and generous view of the rights and wrongs which are now in discussion on the Mincio. When he is asked whether Austria can lose a province, or the Treaty of Vienna a clause or two, without disturbing the equilibrium of Europe, and subverting the foundations of pub lic law, he will be ready to reply that had Austria not lost a province, and had the Treaty of Vienna remained intact, Belgium was no kingdom and Leopold no King. It will, we imagine, be infi nitely amusing to him, after 18 tranquil and pros perous years, to read the doleful speeches in the British Parliament, in which the treaty-rights of Holland, that ancient ally of England, were not unjusty or unreasonably invoked by Tory members who insisted that the integrity of the kingdom of the Netherlands had been purposely established as a barrier to France, and expressed their apprehen sions that Prince Leopold would hereafter look up to France as his natural ally and protector, since it was France that had helped him to his throne and Belgium to her independence. It will be plea sant to him to note the foresight of the Whigs, who began by fearing that Prince Leopold could not sufficiently separate himself from England, but afterwards argued that, by applying to France, in the first instance, for 50,000 men, he had consulted his own safety, and set himself free from the' ob jection of his too great leaning towards England. These debates, and the events to which they relate, compose the best of sermons on the late Foreign Secretary's " pedantic observance of treaties," and no man in Europe is better calculated to improve the text and to enlarge on the discourse than our good friend the King of the Belgians, whose recol lections will suffice to inspire him with some con sideration for Italy in her struggle for deliverance from Austria, and even suggest excuses for her ap peal to French bayonets. We need not the wisdom of any Mentor or of any . Ulysses to,enlighten us as to the value of Austria in preserving the balance of power according to Metternich. We do not need any oracle to remind us that it was Metter nick who permitted Russia to encroach in the East of Europe, while he was busy forging chains for the populations in the South ; and that when the. Otto man Empire was declared in danger and France and England in arms, Austria was insincere and doubt ful in negotiation, selfish and vacillating during the war, obstinate, and embarassing in Congress ; that she presented no barrier against Russia in 1849, when she called in Russian troops to her aid, no defence to Turkey when she held back from joining the Allies. But 1830-1832 is already a distant epoch. Times, and men, and kings are changed since then. Belgium, of all states in the world, has contracted a near and dear alliance with Austria ; and an amiable lady, who bears a name familiarly fond and sad to English ears, has exchanged the cheers and smiles of a loving population for the sullen silence and averted looks of a people that owes no loyalty to oppressors. We can hardly believe that the impres sions of the Princess Charlotte can have convinced King Leopold that Austria has a better right to Lombardy than Holland had to Belgium. Perhaps, however, the King of the Belgians may be more interested just now in our recent change of administration than in foreign politics, and may . be solicitous to know the reasons for the change, since Tories and Liberals alike proclaim neutrality. He will find the reasons admirably stated in the debate on the Address in November, 1830, by Henry Brougham In a monarchy, I say, the doctrine of measures not men is irrational, and men, as well as measures, must be looked to. The men may make a treaty which will make war inevitable at some distant day, unless the honour of the country be sacrificed ; and, as long as the men can act secretly, we must look to them and their character as well as the measuresthey avow." Again : " The people of England are enamoured of their own liberty, and they are the friends of the liberty of others." Words so explicit and so frank as these dispense us from regarding with jealousy the visit of any king—be his relations, his correspondents, his predilections what they may—with jealousy or disfavour : still less the " mission" of the venerable Prince Esterhazy, who has come again after an absence of twenty-one years, not a poorer but a sadder man, after closing the eyes of Metternich, to tell his surrivins friends in London how it hap pens that Austria is bankrupt, Italy emancipated, and Hungary once more ripe for insurrection. CORPORATION PETTY EXPENSES.--Are the of f ices of " yeoman of the Channel" and " train bearer" con sistent with the order of things in 1859 ? and do not the small amounts of £25 and £l5 set against them re present the collander theory o f Corporation finance ? The Thames Conservancy costs £6,000 a-year ; the short-hand writing at the Central Criminal Court, for twelve sessions. is entered at £9OO ; cloth for Ministers and other great officers of State costs £l2O 12s. 6d.; "working the ventilator" at the Central Criminal Court figures at £5B 16s. 8d ; and the clock at the New Cattle-market is on the grand scale of the whole of that ex pensive affair, £940. During two years, sculpture for the Mansion.-house cost £3,230 16s 6d. ; a medal to commemo rate the visit of the King of Sardinia, with • cases for the same, cos t £551, and ornamentally writing an address, £136 , 1 We say not a word about water-bailiffs • we make no complaint of the allo wance o f £ l , BOO a - year a Mr. Bun ning, the City architect ; we even think the comptroller not over-paid at £l,OOO a-year, or the City solicitor bht fairly dealt with at £2,000 —for his tasks are neither few nor small ; but we, nevertneless, enter a protest against the ccaitinnsuee of payments for anything except substantial civic utilities.—City Press. The Suffolk is announced from Melbourne with 47,934 ounces of gold, valued at £192,000. About £lOO,OOO lin Russian gold has also arrived. THE CASE OF MR. GILPIN. (Front the Times.) Mr. W. 0. Stanley, the gentleman who so hon ourably vindicated his pretensions to the possession of a sound head and clear judgment when the Derby Reform Bill was on the anvil a few months ago, is again hitting the right nail upon the head. We find ourselves suddenly involved by him in the meshes of a breach of privilege, and all because a certain gentleman, a Mr. Dennis, the legal adviser of Mr. Vernon Smith, made certain statements at a public meeting at Northampton on the evening of Monday last. The substance of these statements was that attempts had been made to corrupt Mr. Charles Gilpin. Mr. Dennis said to the meeting— here are the very words of our report :—" As an illustration of the agencies that had been at work during the late struggle, Mr. Gilpin showed him two letters, which he had received from the agents of the Tory party, and in which a direct attempt was made to corrupt Mr. Gilpin in the dis charge of his duty as a member of Parliament, and to influence him in giving his vote upon the last division by offering to him a pecuniary consi deration of the grossest and most direct character." There it is ; the fly will be found embalmed in the pure amber of Mr. W. 0. Stanley's Parliamentary eloquence, and that lump of pure amber will be found adhering to another of our columns this day. Not the faintest shadow of a remark or comment was offered upon the matter in this journal. The world was informed that on a certain night, at a certain town, a certain gentleman, named, stood up among so many hundreds of people and said so and so. Mr. Dennis, Mr. Gilpin, the Northampton meeting, and the House of Commons might—as one should ima gine—settle this little dispute among themselves. Such, however, does not appear to be the conclusion at which Mr T. Duncombe and other gentlemen have arrived. Upon the state of facts set out above their desire is to be accurately informed—not of the position and character of Mr.. Dennis, but—of the name or names of the publisher and editor of the Times ! The names required will certainly throw considerable light upon the question. Mr. Gilpin, it appears, admits that he received two such letters, but states that he is unable to bring them home to the agents of the Conservative party. Might it not be as well to have the letters produced, and hon. gentlemen would then know the better what they were talking about ? To give further weight and colour to this mare's nest, which Mr. W. 0. Stanley has so judiciously dug up, the house is told that her Majesty informed Lord Palmerston who informed Mr. Vernon Smith, who informed Mr. Dennis, who informed the meeting at Northampton, and, by consequence, our reporter, who informed Mr. W. 0. Stanley and the rest of the •world, that Mr. Vernon Smith is to be raised to the peerage " in consideration of the gross scurrility, foul abuse, and most unwarrantable attacks that had been made upon him during his tenure of office." But has not Mr. Vernon Smith been guilty of breach of privilege ? He, a Privy Councillor, to betray the secret thoughts of his Sovereign on so capital a matter! Where is Lord Derby while such • dreadful things are suffered to pass without challenge or reprimand ? This most ludicrous passage in the records of our Parliament would not have been quite complete without the reappearance of our old friend Colonel Dunne upon the scene, to talk to the house about the Times' calumny upon his own honourable self. True it is that, by some enormous mistake of the tellers, clerks, printers, &c., who draw up the division lists, his name does not appear among the " Ayes" on the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill ; but then Colonel Dunne has forgotten all about it, which is, of course, decisive on the other side. THE WAR IN ITALY. In the interyal between the great battle of Magenta and that yet more terrific crash on the Mincio, of which we are expecting news, the world has an opportunity of appreciat ing the wisdom of that last general distribution of political power in Europe of which this war is the natural and pre dicted fruit. A conflict of races is now raging in Lombardy because the statesmen and diplomatists of the last genera tion thought the high and permanent interests of millions of men could be safely postponed to monarchical cupidity and the petty intrigues of the hour. In vain right-hearted men like our own Mackintosh, and Horner, and Henry Brougham, warned them , that the gigantic wrongs of the treaties of 1815 would recoil on the heads of their perpetra tors ; in vain the far-seeing politicians of the Continent, who had no court to gratify, foretold that the installation of Austria in Italy was as anti-European as it was anti-Italian, and described by anticipation the history of the last forty years as accurately as we can describe them in retrospect:- Metternich prevailed, and in the suffering and anxiety at present diffused through so many countries, we of this generation are reaping what our fathers sowed. There is no reason to believe that the authors of the Treaties of 1815 were chargeable with the error into which some admirers of their handiwork have fallen, that of sup posing that the documents they so solemnly signed could guarantee the Continent against the changes which result from the rise, growth, and decay of States. They had had too much experience of treaties to expecmore from theirs than thikt they should put an end to the war. As for peace, its basis was the natural right of every nation to live in the enjoyment of its own—a right which treaties can neither increase nor diminish ; and its security was the loyalty of contented peoples. Austria wanted no treaty to secure her in possession of the Tyrol or Hun gary ; those countries were under their natural rulers, who had been wise enough to consider the character and satisfy the moderate demands of their inhabitants, and they were a source of immense strength to. his Empire. But the future condition of countries which had either never known or never acquiesced in the rule of the powers that survived the Napoleonic wars remained to be settled, and here a splendid opportunity was afforded to the pro fessors of diplomacy, called to the worthy exercise of their art after an era of capitalations and truces. Men were weary of the long reign of violence, and—for there were sentimentalists in those days—hoped that the reign of equity and reason would begin . The French Revolution ' had taught the people that they were the object of all government, and that they do not exist for individuals but individuals for them, and they were neVer to forget the lesson. But in the councils of the great Powers the military spirit prevailed over every dictate of humane policy. Aus tria, Russia, and Prussia, which broke up the old constitu tion of Europe by partitioning Poland, and were the examples and guides of Napoleon in the art of spoliation, now showed that there was no injustice in his rapacious career which they were not prepared to emulate. The Congress of Vienna, of which those three Powers were the controlling elements, arrogated to itself the hershest rights of conquest. They were the dictators of Europe and claimed the disposal of every territory which had been occupied by France. If old sovereigns were restored, it was by their generosity or kindness—never as an act of justice. No new or restored Power was tolerated but as a feudatory of this corporation of kings. Old national independence disappeared : the wishes of populations were sternly silenced. Sir James Mackintosh has well described the character of the considerations which were suffered to prevail at the last territorial settlement of the Continent :—" These new masters of civil wisdom tell us that the whole policy of Europe consists in strengthening the right flank of Prussia and the left flank of Austria; they see in that wise and venerable system, long the safeguard of Europe, only the millions of souls to be given to one Power, or the thousands of square miles to be given to another. They consider the frontier of a river a better protection of a country than the love of its inhabitants, and provide for the safety of states by wounding the pride and mortifying the patriotic affec tion of their people." The effect of a policy of this character in Italy might easily be, and actually was, foreseen. The wars of Napo leon, disastrous as they were, had opened a new existence to the people. The Lombardy which Austria, returned to seize in 1814 was no longer the Lombardy she had known 20 years before. On reviewing the labours of the Congress, a publicist like the Abbe De Pradt could write in 1816 :—" Let Austria be on her guard. The Italians have tasted independence : they are supported by the sentiments of generous minds in all countries ; they are esteemed, and have appeared with honour on the field of battle ; they are convinced that they have everything neces sary to the formation and the glory of a nation. They know it by experienee, and find themselves in th e service of mas ters to whom they do not regard themselves as inferior in any circumstances."' And without betraying any con sciousness that he was venturing into any hazardous depths of prophecy, this practised observer could add : " The feeling of independence has made so rapid a progress in the country, that in the course of time a general reunion of Italy in a single and sovereign capacity must result from the restraint to which she has been compelled to submit." We all know what happened. The Continent was re partitioned on military pretexts, and yet notwithstanding all the wrong done to gain material guarantees for security . Europe was left open to Russia, with Poland a great for tress projecting into its centre, while no real security was taken against France. The history of Italy has since been a history of the marchings and countermarchings of the Austrian a rmies—now into the Legations, now into the Duchies, i n to Naples, and even into Piedmont. Lombardy and Venice were deliberately sacrificed. When we com plain that peace has been interrupted in that country, we do not mean the peace of its inhabitants, for under Austria they have no more enjoyed peace than liberty. The war which is now waged in Italy with few inconveni ences to the inhabitants than the population of a country full of warriors ever experienced before, only intercepts for them an era of revolutions, assassinations, forced loans, a worse than Spanish Inquisition, and shootings and hangings for political offences. It is so long since the grand mistake of delivering Italy to the barbarian was committed, that we of this generation, accustomed to judge according to the in stincts of humanity, are di s posed to think that in Lombardy a well-meant experiment has turned out badly. But the passage quoted from M. De Pradt, and which it would be easy to match from a dozen writers of equal and greater eminence, supplies evidence as to the degree of light which the authors of the Treaties of 1815 enjoyed, and compels us to believe that they know perfectly what they were about when they gave Italy, with its renewed national life, to Austria. The connexion was monstrous, and the wrongs done to Italy were sure to avenge themselves on Europe. At first sight it does not seem equally certain that the manner in which the settlement of Italy should bring on war should be discernible to an observer 40 years before the event. Yet in -1816 the Abbe de Pradt wrote—" When Aukria shall go as far as the Ticino, what will the King of Sardinia do against his powerful oppressor Will he not naturally have reco urse to France ? Then we behold Italy in conflagration by the hands of Frenchmen and Germans." To provide against this serious contingency the Abbe proposed just what men who have studied the question are recommending now : " It should be the invariable and eternal principle of Europe not to permit either France or Austria to set foot in Italy. The welfare of Europe requires that there should be a king d established, to commence at' the Isonzo and terminate at_the foot of the Alps and the States of the Pope. Then Italy would form three states ; this kingdom, the States of the Pope, and those of Naples. Reason, and we may say the nature of things, adjudge the throne of Italy to the House of Savoy. The Italians would feel themselves - honoured in baying for their first king, foz their permanent sovereigns, the Prince of a House that has produced so many illustrious men, who will recall to them so many impressive recollections; and which, in its elevated. rank, will show one of its own children to Itetly in the per son of its sovereign." If then the state of Italy is and has been such that intelli— gent and impartial observers have these forty years seed in. it the source of inevitable war, how idle it is to seek tine causes of the present hostilities in the will of individuals.. The young Italian nation could not long want allies. She. sought them here—sought them there—with earnestness: and with arguments which will startle us or our children, and perhaps redden their cheeks whenever events make the publication of our corresppndence with Sardinia since 1856 possible, and she went away sorrowing. 'Whether she shall this time succeed in effecting her deliverance or not, cer tainly Austria will never again have peaceful possession of any part of Italy. War- never leaves a nation where it found it, and the cause of Italy grows because it Byes.— Daily News. COUNTRY MARIBTe. MELTON MOWBRAY--JUNE 21. There was a very fair supply of wheat to-day, which sold at the following prices —White, 45s to 49s per quarter ; red, 423 to 44s ; the barley trade was slow, at quotations ranging from 34s to 38s per qr.; oats, 288 to 33s per 24 stone ; beans, 508 to .53a per 38 stone. MARKET HARBOROUGH—Jusz 21. At this corn-market wheat was in fair supply, and prices ranged from 44s to 48s per quarter. There was not; much passing in spring corn, oats being quoted at 26s to 30s per quarter; beans, 448 to 50s per qr.; barley, 32a to 38s per qr. HULL—JUNE 21. The wheat trade since our last, under the influence of fine weather, large arrivals from abroad, and depressed ac counts from the south, has been exceedingly inactive, and scarcely a transaction has taken place in foreign, and the prices are little better than nominal. Wheat.... Old white....per qr Old red New white .. ~ New red .... ~ . Dantzic, Konb , &c. old white 50s Od to 535 04. Dutch, Belgian, and French 4ss Od to 46. Odt Baltic and Hamburg, red 43s Od to 45. Ott. St. Petersburg and Riga, old 3Bs Od to 39s Od_ 4 Barley.... English malting 33s Od to 375 Od Grinding Saal and Oderbruck Holstein and Danish. 29s Od to 31s 041 Grinding- 26. Od to 28s Od Oats English, old Archangel and Riga, per at Os' . 114 to Hid • Friesland and Dutch Osllid to is Od Swedish and Danish .. Beans ....English, old, per qr New pigeon 4os Ott to 42s 04 New tick. 39s Od to 40s Od. EFyption Peas Foreign breakers Grinding .. Tares ....Winter Bss Od to 90s Act Indian Corn Linseed, feeding . 508 Od to 555 M. . crushing Linseed cakes (Hull) £9 5 oto 19 10 0.. '- Foreign BlO oto 815 0,. , - ,,fil Rape cakes 6lO oto 615 0 1 , 73 Bones 512 6to 515 0 •, , .. • , . Itd !ll' DUBLIN—JUNE 21. There was a firmer feeling in the market to - day; but Ise have no alteration to report in the curreneiee of Friday. s. d. s. d. a. d. 8. 4/. Wheat, white 28 oto3o 0 Do., new ..... 11 6to 13 0 Do., red 27 6to 28 0 Bere ' 10 oto 12 6 Do., new .... 23 0t026 0 Rapeseed 26 0t029 • IP Barley Oats Do., black l3 6t015 0 Inflitiri corn'.. oto 32 CQAL MAR: KNE22, the close of the market.) - Walls End.. (Prices of Coal per Ton at a. d. Buddle's West Hartleyls 3 Hastings Hartley .....15 3 Laeibert's West Hart- Kelloe l7 3 Gosforth 16 6 Haswell. lB 6 Hetton., . lB 6 Hetton Lions Mtan 16 Lambton.... lB 0. Trimdon • Hartlepool 17 0 South Hartlepool. 16 Stewart's 17 9 'Whitworth 16 0 Trimdon Thornley 15 '6 IPowell'sThiffiluSteariBl 0 42-.-9o1d; 27. ley 15 3 Tanfield Moor Butes —la 9 Ward's West Hartley l4 6 Howard's West Hart- _ _ _ — lei -- " l5 3 Walker Primrose 13 9 Earsden Hartley 14 6 Wylam l7 0 Walls End. qt Braddyll's Hetton 16 5,6 Ships at marks LOCAL SI4A:RE MARKETS.. gr • , • LIVERPOOL--JUNE 22. ••,• The market was steady this morning, and, after some slight reaction, closed firm, with no increase of business. Birkenheads, 70 I—Leeds Northern, 44 6—Blackburns, 11 i—North British, .54 41 --Great Western of Canada, 14f1 —Grand Trunk of Canada, 81 t—GreatWestern, 541 5 —Sheffields, 351 --Caledonians 79 Lancashire and York shire, 901--London and North-Westerns, 89! 90—Dutch Rhenish, 61 dis.—East Lancashire ' 87 88—Berfficke, 88i—Midlands, 99 991—Chester and Holyheads, 48 49—. Eastern Counties, 11 3 46—Dovers, 20 3-18. BIRMINGHAM—JUNE 22. Birmingham The sales to-day were—Great Weste rn, Guaranteed, 72 —Birmingham Preference, 9l—London and North-Westerns, 891 —South Staffordshire, 1 0 1—Midlands 99—StourValley shares, 71—Ditto, Guaranteed stock, 52 2 . Great Westerns, 541 —Birmingham Waterworks, new, 81 pm—Shropshire Banking Co., 3f. MANCHESTER —JUNE 22. There was a limited business doing, and the prices were firmer. London and North Westerns, 90 Ditto, Eighths, 1,1 dis.—Midlands 99 I—Sheffields9 35 Leeds, 901 7 -Boyers, 20 I—Birkenhead, 701--NorthStaffordshire, 41 dis. • PARLIAMENTAIM REFORM COMMITT EE —At meeting of the above committee held this day at Fenders hotel, Westminster,' Mr. A. J. Otway in the c hair, it was moved by Mr. W: Coningham,"M.P. second.ed by Mr be. W. Roupell, M.P., and resolved—" Thal this committee - lieving that they have reason to complain of the inadequate representation of the independent Liberals in the Cabine4l ;), await with anxiety the fulfilment of Lord John Russell's_., promise of an early introduCtion of a substantial measure of Parliamentary Reform, and are of opinion that the Ripped of independent liberals both within and without the Housw of Commons should depend on the character of the mea sures submitted by the new administration."—By order of =L the committee, Edward S. Pryce, Secretary, 15, Xing- ? street, Cheepside, June 22. [ADVERTISEMENT.]-1 - 10110Way'SPills—Malaria -- Fe ver. urine the . summer fever is more frequent and more difficult to subdue than at any other season. Its origin usually is foul air, and its continuance depends on the same cause. Every Londoner, unfortunately, fully understands the depressing effects of malaria, who takes a steamer between Blackwell aid Lambeth. The impure state of the blood by these deleterious gases is speedily counteracted by the use of HolloWay's Pills, and the frame is freed from the danger of fever whether intermittent, remitte n t, or continued. Surd) , such a comfort ne ed only b e known, to induce every one to take Ilollowayome ive's , which, by their purifying, strengthening, and c powers, can avert such formidable diseases. [ADVERTISEMENTI.a—The possibility of ab andoning . me cdijue.lensewailttohoguettheriss medicine inndbiygetshteionn(udmyseproeupssiae)x,taraaotruidemnag asthma, constipation, eonsunmerpvtiouans: banildioudse,bailintyd I , iv e e ff r ee c t o e m ci p b l y ain D t u s, B co ar ug r l y l , B B , delicious Health .restoring Revalenta Arabica Food. The following are not the least remarkable :,—Cure No. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, timber merchant, of .Frimley, of 30 years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, partial deafness. —Cure No. 58,816. Mrs. Holze aged 107 Years, of dyspepsia. (indigestion), debility, irritability, and nervousness which had tormentoil her for 70 years4—Cure No. 4 6 , 814, M r. Samuel LaNten. 1.4e/ester, of two years' diarrhcea.—Cure No. 52,612. The Dowager Countess of Castle Stuart of many years' nervous irritabilit y, bile, and i n digestion.—Cure No. 54,812. Miss Virginia Zeguers, cured of consumption, after her medical adviser had aban doned all hopes of recovery.—Cure No. 180. "Twenty-fire years' nervousness, constipation, indigestion, and, debility, from which I have suffered great misery, and which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured by Du Barry's food , in a very short time.—W. B. Reeves 181, Fleet-street, Laden." In tins, at Is. 6d. ; 11b., 3s. ; '2lb, ss. 9d. ; 51b, 120.; 1 21 b., 265. The 101 b. and 121 b. tins carriage free, on receipt of post office order. Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London. Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly Abbis, 60, Gracechurch-street ; 4, Cheapside ; 63, and 'l5O, Oxford street ; 330 and 451, Strand ; 49 and 60, Bishopsgate street ; 85, Tottenham-court -road. Also at Dublin, Bewley and Draper ; at Edinburgh, Raimes and Co..' at Liverpool, Nixon and Thew; at Man shester, as p and Scott ;at York, Raimes, Blanchard , and ; ou ampton, Randall and Son. BIRTHS. , ' BARNARD.—On the 21st inst., at No. 2, Canonburyster noaw, Islington, the wife of Wm T. Barnard, BEI., barr i at-law, of a son. GORR.-072. the 19th inst., at Thasper Rectory, Slim"'l6 9 wife of the Rev. H. J. Gore, of a son. M tT I N Martin,. B O e n ng t a h l e A 2O rm th y i , ns of t. a , at Kew ? ew 7 the wife of OLIVER.—On the 21st inst. at Frogmo e, near St. Albans, the wife of Harry Oliver, Es ,of 39, r 161.01rer- street, of a son, stillborn. • ?Oka' A. MARRIAGES. BARRY—CONNOLLY.—On the 16th inat., at the Church of the Madeleine, Paris, and previously at the British Embassy, John David, son of John David Barry of , Eg, Thurloe-square,, London, to Honoria, daughter the late John Connolly, Esq., of Ballinasloe. PEACOCK—HARWOOD.—On the 21st inst., at St. Giles s, Norwich, Mr. Frederick Peacock, of Lowestoft, Suffolk, to Fanny Sarah, only daughter of Mr. Reuben Harwood, of Swatrham, Norfolk. DEATHS. BLANSHARD.—On the 19th inst., at Hampton, Middlesex, Major-General Thomas Blanshard, 0.13:, Royal Engi neers, aged 70. EWBANX.—On the 21st inst., at 8 , Titehileld-terrace, Re gent's-park, Henry Ewbank, Esq., aged 73. MALDSON.—On the 20th inst., at 38, Grosvenor-park, Camberwell, the Rev. W. T. Maudson, M.A., incumbent of Beresford Episcopal Chapel, aged 36. MARSH.—On the 18th inst., at Ri c hmond-place, Kings wood, John Marsh, Esq., aged 62. RIVAROLA.—On the B th May, at Cephalonia, Count Riva rola, late H.M.'s 2 6 th Regt. , the eldest son,:of the late Lieutenant-General Count Sir F. Rivarola, K.C.M.G., K.C.H., &c... , • Brunswick-square, THORNTON.—On the 19 th in st., at 48, Brighton, Miss Thornton. LONDON : Printed and Published by MURDO -YOUNG, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No. 112, Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the county et Middlesex, Thursday, lune 23, 1109.