The Sun. — London, England, 1859-01-20 00:00:00

, with e ever m for muted E is per apports ms aro Is to 30s )s to 34s is to 30s 8 to 48s -s to —s Sales per qr. market buyer, id peas Lpl)ly of his day , st, and ce, and realised e trans limited ian coin a, el. to 13 0 to 12 0 to 29 0 to 14 6 to 18 to ag a cargo ich were s on the s of rum arket is s. d. ..18 0 ▪ 19 0 ..19 0 ..18 6 ..17 6 • 17 9 _l9 0 ..1S 3 ..17 6 .16 6 14 6 e doing, icks, 941 7 : I 78- -Chester ricashire 977:—• dis.-- 56 61--- 221-- e prices ns were ,te,busi-• .chester, ;3 dis,- —North .......''.. ----...-•••'‘ w if e of :reet, of fayfais, ,s4ect, rrister• ardent teb.eadf Joilli' ° , of the a gb ter Mere' usiliet ° f Elio!: rand.' •antes ,ea nit 8°1:1 esfiela' for the rwick • errac °t too" vicar °f Wol o l ,-NT 0. 1 12 ' x ity ° ADMISSION FREE. DR. KAHN'S ANATOMICAL MUSEUM, 3, TICHBOURNE-STREET (O ppos it e the Hay. market). Open daily (for Gentlemen only). int LECTURES at Four and Eight o'clock, o n i m p or t an t an d e resting topics in connection with ANATOMY , PHY LO S IOGY, and PATHOLOGY (vide Programmes). Admission ONE SHILLING. DR. KAHN'S NINE LECTURES ON THE PHILO SOPHY OF MARRIAGE, &c., sent post free, direct from the Author, on the receipt of twelve stamps. ARGYLL-ROOMS, Windmill-street, Piccadilly. These popular and celebrated rooms are open every evening, with IL R. Bignell's Grand Orchestra, conducted by that great composer, Mons. Antony Lamotte, of Paris. Leader, Charles Hall. Mons. Boulcourt, the celebrated cornet- a- piston player, perf orms nightly, with other talented artistes. 8 - elections from Rigoletto, II Trovatore, La Traviata, linV,uenots, Robert le Diable, and the new opera Martha. ilianager, R. It. Bignell. Doors open at half-past 8, close ten minutes before 12. Admission, is. to Promenade. Nag.—All applications for the above band for Concerts and , 13411 5, to be m a d e t o M r. W i lliam Price, treasurer, at the Rooms, ITOWES AND CUSHING'S GREAT UNITED STATES CIRCUS.—A safe pl a c e o f amuse /neut.—The ALHAMBRA PALACE, Leicester-uare, hav ing been constructed as a model of' architecture, sq no accident need be apprehended. • The Morning . Perfor mances are par ti cu l ar l y recommended, as t he Pantomime can'be seen with the same effect as at night. ELLA, the wonder of the wo r ld.—Th e ce l e b ra t e d h orse, Cruiser". will be- exhibited in his . subdued state, as tamed 07 3l r. Rarey,—" Black Eagle," the horse of beauty.—The educated mules, " Pete " and "Barney.'-• The Comic Panto the entitled THE MISER OF BAGDAD, represented in circle at eaelfperrornitince. Pit, Is. ; Boxes, 2s. ; Reserved Seats, 35.; Stalls, as.; Private "", £2 Children under Nine years of age, half-price. Gallery, 6d. Two Performances Daily at two and half-past seven p.m. BOARD AND RESIDENCE. A Superior Rome is offered to a Gentleman of steady habits, en .:ltged during the day, by a family residing near Regent's- For a young man coming to London for the first time is would be found a desirable residence. Terms moderate. Refer ences to be exchanged. Address, J, P. Wright's 411 7, Granby-street, ti ampstead - road, N.W. INTERNATIONAL LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY, 142, Strand, London. January 10, 1859. NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN. That the Halyearly In terest on the Capital Stock of the Society, at her te of 5 per Cent. per annum, to 31st December last, is now due, and in Collrse of payment at the Society's office, between the hours of 11 and 3. EDMOND S. SYMES, Chairman. 142 , Strand, London, W.C. TWENTIETH REPORT of the DIRECTORS of the COMMERCIAL BANK of LONDON for the -a-ALP-YEAR ending the 31st December, 1858. At a HALF-YEARLY GENERAL of SHA REHOLDERS.EHOLDERS, held at the Banking House, LMEETING oth the bury, 03 TUESDAY, th e 18th of January, 1859 : DIRECTORS. MARK HUNTER, Esq., Chairman. Edward Stilling,fleet Cayley, I Sir Joseph Paxton, M.P. Esq., M.P. Robert Stacey Price, Esq. 'Johnt, Alfred Chowne, Esq. , John Savage. Esq. merge Clivo, Esq., M.P. Herbert Taylor, Esq. v_nathan Hopkinson, Esq. I Joseph Thompson, Esq. William Jackson, Esq., M.P. Thomas Winkworth, Esq. MANAGER —Mr. Alfred Cutbill. SOLI CITORS—Messrs. Tatham, Upton, Upton, and Johnson and Messrs. Norris and Son. Present :—Porty-eight rietors. The Manager read the advertisement Prop calling the meeting and afterwards the following REPORT. The Directors have now to lay before the Shareholders of the Bank the balance-sheet for the half-year ending 31st De .elttber, 1858, showing a net profit (i nc l u di ng £1,391 B s. 3d . ,„" r°,, ght forward from last half-year) of £13,822 ls. 5d. , a ft er Parttent of all expenses and making provision for bad and doubtful debts. The Directors propose to declare a dividend for the half- Year at the rate of £6 per cent. per annum, payable on and After the 31st instant. The dividend will require £9,000 ; and after allowing £3,420 1 9s. sd . f or rebate on current bills not yet due, there will remain a balance of £1,40125. Od. to be carried forward to the Present half-year. COMMERCIAL BANK OF LONDON. BALA.NCE SHEET TO 31ST DECEMBER, 1858. DR. Capital subscribed 41,500,000 Capital paid up £2O each on 15,000 shares £300,000 0 0 Guarantee Fund 75,000 0 0 Balances due to the customers of the bank ...• 902,881 5 7 Balance of undivided profit, 30th June, 185$. ............... . £1,301 8 3 Net profit fo` the half-.year ending 31st Dec., 1858, after paying in tax and deducting all charges and expenses, and making provision for bad and doubtful debts . . ................. 12,430 13 2 Balance carried clown 13,822 1 5 £1,201,706 7 0 a. Cash in the b an k an d at call at the Bank of England, Exchequer Bills, India Bonds, and Government Securities tills discounted, loans on stock, and other securities 1,003,061 2 0 Stron 4-roorn fittings, and furniture (premises • held au lease) 3,000 0 0 £1,291,700 7 0 Dn. Dividend at the rate of .f 6 per cent. per an num, for the half-y ear end i ng 31st Deem b,T, 1858 Rebate of interest on current bills carried to ,profit and lo ss new account J4ll4llCe cried to utxt half-year £9,000 0 0 3,420 19 5 1,401 2 0 413,822 1 5 Balance bi e22 1 5 ught down Ca. £13,8 £13,822 1 5 The Report and Balance-sheet having been read, 'the CHAIRMAN moved, and Jostrit UNDERWOOD, Esq., seconded, the adoption of the Report, when It was resolved,—That the Report and Balance sheet just read be approved, printed, and circulated amongst the Pro• prietary. ,The Chairman, Mark Hunter, Esq., on the part of the !?irectors, declared a dividend on thehalf paid-up capital of the : o n - pa e n a y, at the rate of .ZO per cent. per annum, for the r o a n s! Y r, free from income tax, payable on and after 3 day, the 31st January instant. Resolved,—That the thanks of this meeting be presented to the Chairman and Directors, for their attention to the aft'airs of the Bank. Resolved, —That the best thanks of the Shareholders be WWII the Manager, Mr. Cutbill. MARK HUNTER, Chairman. C OMMERCI AL BAND of LONDON. The Directors HEREBY GIVE NOTICE that a DI VI DEND on the Paid-up Capital of the Co mpany , at the rate of per cent. per annum, for the Half -Year ending 31st December, 188, free from I ncome tax, will be PAYABLE at the Banking House, in Lothb ury, on and after MONDAY, the 31st January instant. Dated By order of the Boa r d , 18th January, 1859. A. R. C UTBILL, Manager. FIFTY THOUSAND CURES traVe been effected without Medicine, inconvenience or expense et Indigestion (dyspepsia), Constipation, Flatulency, Phlegm, Nervousness Biliousness, Liver Complaints, Irysteria Neuraloi leepl ssness Acidity, Palpitation, Heartburn' Er uptio'n a s' Impurities I;ritability, Low Spirits, Diarrhoea, I) Ysonfery, Hemorrhoids, Headache, Noises in the Head and Ears, Debility, Despondency, Cramps, Spas.ms, Nausea, at sea), Sinking Fit, a nd Sickness (during pregnancy or "ugh, Asthma, Bronchitis, Consumption, also Children's IComplaints, are effectually removed by ]/ U BARRY'S delicious Health-Restoring t•lk os lI , EVALENTA . ARABICA FOOD, which saves fif ty p its cost in other remedies, and is, moreover, the best hod for infants and invalids generally, as it never.turns acid bhp he weakest stomach, nor interferes with a good liberal diet, t . Darts a healthy relish for lunch and dinner, andres ores u kt ,r•wty of digestion and nervous and muscular energy to iiiltl gr s t a i sri t t i t t e u in d e nlost enfeebled. ' • ',Ye extract a few out of the many thousand expressions of siderlb7:tfbreom invalids thus cured :—Cure No. 71, of dy , spep. Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de Decies—` Dro- Vocinin, County Waterford.—l have deTiyed_coen nd co enefit from Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Fo i d, the p arer it due to yourselves and the public tp ant r h e or_s e e . 4 9832. .. pion of these lines. Stuart de Decies.' Cu N vonsness iftY ,Yearie indescribable agony from dyspepsia, snmers sickne ' " "Tha. cough, constipation, flatulency, spa Du Ba s r s d by ~,,,. Ss, Norfolk," at the stomach and vomiting, have been remove •.4azsinn,egs Vicar D i 1 7 a excellent FOod. M 1 Jolly, Wortham Ling, near Cure No. 47,121. Miss Elizabeth Jacobs, of age, Waltham Cross, Herts, of extreme s n a e n r . - Z, 1 7 8. ~s, infligestion, gatherings,low spirits, and nervoue nearf I,j v ` - 'ure NO. 48,314. Miss Elizabeth Yeoman, Gateacr , orpool : of ten years' dyspepsia, and all the horrors nery . , t , ous irritability. Cure No. 18,216. Dr. Andrew Ure, of con iNtpation, dyspepsia, nervous irritability. Curs No. 34,210. i'',l. Shorland. of dropsy and debility. Cure No. 36,212. Cap ii4voi an, of epileptic fits. mire No. 42,116. Major Edie, of e„ e r and kidney disease, and total prostration of strength q,,0 No. 36,418. Rev. Dr. Minster, of cramps, spasms, and ada` b. ` vomitings. Cure No. 26,418. Dr. Harvey, of diarhoea _ d debility. Cure No. 39,628. Dr. Wurtzer, of consumption. OroNo. 32,880. Wm. Hunt, Esq., barrister, of paralysis. WNo. 46,270. Mr. James Roberts, timber-merchant, of Frim )..;°, of thirty years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver de 'eMent, partial deafness. Cure . No. 180. " Twenty-five indigestion, and debility, ir:rs' n ervousness, constipation, di„ T .° Which I have suffered great misery, and which no me -13:1,11e could remove or relieve. have been effectually cured 1? J-111 tarry's Food in a very short time. W.ll. Reeves,lBl. Il ect t , -s reet, London." Cure O. 4,208. "Eight years' naus ea_rB )B i l , av n o ervousness, debility, with cramps, spasms, and Ntiorfolitn.7" been effectually cured by D . u Barry's health- Pood. Rev. John W. Flavell, Riddlington Reetory, Cure No. 3,906. "Thirteen years'cough, indigos. ~ , I rl' awl general debility have been removed by Du , Barry's rent b'ood. James Porter, Athol-street, Perth. I n. uita blY Packed for all climates and with full instructions._ i.icsnisters, 11b., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 4s. 64. ; 51b., lls. ; ‘ 1 , 2_10., ,m 2F 5 5. ter l") ,, er relined quality. 101 b., 335. The IMb. and . l-Ib. t % :lee ord 4re forwarded carriage free, on re3eipt of Pos . -_ e ifi r.. n iiii , i e r• Du Barry and Co., 77, Regent-street, London , E t an r .“, 4 lason, and Co., 182, Piccadilly, and through all grocers I),lalcinists in town and country. assnl.• PALLACE'S PILLS and OINTMENT are prepared . zes.ientific Principles, without mercury, to prevent the p lirif ,- . 1. and injury resulting from quack preparations , il e 'v e .Y . tuait. 3 _ , ,,regulate, and strengthen the system, and cure en live,`,7 gYspepsia (bad digestion), bile, flatulency, constipation. th e "„and. stomach complaints and ulcers disorders ; and 411,1;Mb-tient heals sores, wounds, , boils, burns, oF ane93, chap s, p i mples, diseases of the scalp, &c. Both pills 2 e. nnitittnent are caref u ll y pac k ed for all climates, at is. 14d.. 8 R , u ,„ ° , 1 , and 4s. 6d. 'London agents Hannay, 63, Oxford-st. niediZ, 153, Oxford-street, and may be ordered through all b p . tie vendors. hie,. 1 14 11:ars PULILONIC COUGH BON BONS are a astiV4-e, and effectual remedy for coughs, colds, hoarseness, si cee „ 4s and all affections of the lungs, throat. and of unrivalled On "rte. In boxes—is. lid., 2s. Od., 45. 6d. J. Sanger, 150, b?rd-street, London, and all Chemists. tiel.`T 11ARRY'S ANTI-DIARRHCEAL BON BONS are a oh, or-falling remedy for English cholera, bowel complaint, 4.111c0a, dysentery &c., &c. ,In boxes—ls. 14d., B ARRY 1 50, Oxford-street, London, and all Chemists. Jillb y„_-"A-RRY'S FOOD FOR INFANTS, CHILDREN, ;aft -,„'''' v....., ALIDS. supersedes the dangers and expense of oest " N olg, as infants are easily reared with it, and it is the an y ~T1(1 Most digestible Food for the delicate and invalids of terns In canisters, at 25., and 121 b 21s. The large canis litre e r , t oldearriage. arry Du Barry, and Co., 77, Regent- Avoi d p on• beDei illa, and all other Medicine for Indigestion _(dys tie, n., ,habitualh Constipation, Flatulency, .Acidity, Palpita- Nrv"t Heat, Torpidity of the Liver, bilious Headaches, tAsth`4lBness, Biliousness, General Debility, Diarrhcea, Conn, Liol Rita, 8, Consumption. Despondency, S_Pleen' ge, 4 4 0 a, and you will receive free bY P &c. Send 2 . ost, a popular Tree -4:11P, trwg :—" THE NATURAL REGENERATION OF or 4,,,,,,, JIGESTIVE ORGANS." Without pills, purgatives, blea e s V, °ea of any kind, and without expense, by a simple, 14 ther, and infallible means which saves 50 times its cost r re I %roe/ rae dlea ; adapted t o th e general reader. L on d on: -1400 CUlherti.49, ] Paternoster-row, and through - 4 11 b 9014! i LbNDON CRYSTAL PALACE, REGENT CIRCUS, OXFORD-STREET and GREAT PORT LAND-STREET. -- This magnificent building is NOW OPEN to the public, for the SALE of all kinds of USEFUL and FANCY ARTICLES. The Photographic Establishment, Aviary, Conservatory, General Refreshment Room, and Ladies' Private Refresh ment Room, with Retiring Room attached, are replete in their several departments. No. 20,774. PUBLICATIONS. NEW NOVEL BY CAPT. MAYNE REID. Just ready, in 3 vols., with illustrations, OCE 0 L A By Capt. MAYNE REID, Author of "The Rifle Rangers," &c. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, successors to Henry Col burn, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now ready, in 2 with Illustrations, 215., WINTER' EVENINGS. • By LEITCH RITCHIE. _ _ _ " Mr. Ritchie is an able and agreeable writer. A volume of light, pleasant, and useful reading. We cordially commend :hese 'Winter Evenings' to the public."—Chronicle. Hurst and Blackett, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Now publishing, THE MINISTER'S By Mrs. IL B. STOWE, Author of " Uncle Tom's Cabin." Orders received by all Booksellers in town and country; and at all the Railway Stations. London : Sampson Low, Sou, and Co., 47, Ludgate-hill. WOOING, Reduced to 7s. 6d., to promote its still more extensive use in Schools, LE 'BRETHON'S FRENCH GRAMMAR. Revised and corrected by L. SANDIER, Professor of Languages. Twelfth Edition, Bvo., 432 pp., reduced from 10s. od. "A thoroughly practical book."--Critic, " The plainest, easiest, and completest grammar ever pub lished."—Educational Gazette. " The great merit of this gyammar is its clearness and sim plicity of arrangement."—Sun. London : Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. Twenty-seventh • Thousand, price 3s. dd., cloth, • INTUITIVE CALCULATIONS ; the most Con cise Methods ever published. Designed for the use of all classes—bankers, brewers, engineers, land surveyors, manufacturers, merchants, wine and spirit merchants, timber merchants, professors, teachers, &c. With an Appendix on Decimal Computations, Coins, and Currency. By DANIEL O'GOItMAN, Ten pages of literary notices and commenda tory testimonials, from the highest authorities, arc annexed to this work, with a selected list of nearly 1,000 subscribers who have patronised it. London: gimpkin, Marshall, and Co. New Edition, Bvo., ss. cloth, AN ORIGINAL AND COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM of SELF-INSTRUCTING BOOK-KEEP ING, by Single and Double Entry: with new forms of subsi diary books and company accounts. By DANIEL O'GOR MA.N, author of "Intuitive Calculations." London : Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. 1859 LETTS'S DIARIES, ALMANACS, • &0., adapted to an Callings, Professions, or Trades, in above .100 VARIETIES of Size and form, from 6 pence to 14 shillings each, as well as Descriptive Catalogues, GRATIS, may be obtained at any BOOKSELLER'S in the Kingdom. LETTS and Co., 8, Royal Exchange. The Fourth Edition, Just Published, Bvo, in cloth, price ss. by post free, ss. (3d. ON TRUE and FALSE SPERMATORRHCEA ; with the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors in relation to the Treatment and Cure of Sufferers from De bility of the Generative system, or Sexual Hypochrondriasis. Translated from the German of Dr. PICKFORD. " Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his frequent practical contributions to German medical literature. This is the first time, he informs us, that he has addressed himself to the non -medical reader. We trust that this may not be the last, if he shall detect any other equally flagrant evil which it may be in his power to correct."—London Medical Gazette. " The editor has-conferred a great boon on the sufferers from this distressing malady by translating this littl e b oo k , and by laying b are the scandalous practices of unqualified adventurers, who profess to cure a disease of which they know nothing, with no other object than to fill their own purses. The difference between true Spermatorrhaca and the various forms of disease which resemble it are accurately de scribed, and thus a safe guide is Offered for the treatment of the malady."—Medical Circular. " We have delayed so long upon the contents of the preli minary chapter, that we have scarcely left ourselves space for any notice of the subject specially treated of by Dr. Pickford ; but the moderate price at which the 'brochure' is sold, places it within the reach of every one interested in the matter."— Dublin Medical Press. London : H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street, FEIST'S RACING RECORD for 1858, with Nominations for 1859, is now published. W. Wright, Pulwood's Rents, Holborn. London. IJANWELL COLLEGE, Middlesex, is still retaining its high oharacter.—United Service Gazette. A Prospectus will be forwarded on application to the Rev. Dr. Emerton, Principal. (IINOPOLION TAVERN and HOTEL. v./ Nos. 1, and 2, Brownlow-street, High-Holborn, W.C. The Best Served Dinner in London for ls. 6d. A Succession of Joints from One till Seven o'Clock. Private and Smoking Rooms. TABLE D'HOTE on SUNDAYS, at 5 o'clock, 2s. each. THE WELLINGTON RESTAURANT, ST. JA3IES'S -STREET, AND 160, PICCADILLY. • Gentlemen visiting the Metropolis will find ample aelom modation for dinners at this establishment. The arrange ments are varied and pe:ect, and the tariff of charges is very moderate. Private rooms for large or small parties may be engaged on application to the Superintendent. • By Order. JA3IES GOFTON, Superintendent. GLENFIELD PATENT STARCH, USED IN THE ROYAL LAUNDRY, ,ixn PRONOUNCED UV HER MAJESTY'S LAUNDRESS to be THE FINEST STARCH SHE EVER USED. Sold by all Chandlers, Grocers &c., &c. NOTICE OF DIVIDEND. ANK OF DEPOSIT, No. 3, PALL MALL EAST, LONDON, S.W. The Warrants for the Half-yearly Interest, at the rate of 5 per Cent. per Annum, on Deposit Accounts, to the 31st December, are ready for delivery, and payable daily between the hours of 10 and 4. PETER MORRISON, Managing Director. 10th January, 1859. . _ ProsPecinses and Forms sent free on application. APPETITE AND INDIGESTION IMPROVED 'LEA and PERRINS' WORCESTERSHIRE -1-1 SAUCE imparts the most exquisite relish to Steaks, Chops, and all Roast Meat, Gravies, Fish, Game, Soup, Cur ries, and Salad, and by its tonic and inviiorating properties enables the stomach to perfectly digest the food. The daily use of this aromatic and delicious Sauce is the best safegmard to health. Sold by the proprietors, Lea and Perrins, 19, Fenchurch street, London, and 68, Broad-street, Worcester ; also ty Messrs. Barclay and ons, Messrs. Crosse and Madmen, add other oilmen and merchants, London; and generally by the principal dealers in sauce. N.B.—To guard against imitations, see that the names of "LEA and PERRINS " arc upon the label and patent cap of the bottle. ON PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCAPACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. New and improved Edition, enlarged to 196 pages, illustrated by 100 Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel, just pub lished, price, free by post, is. THE SILENT FRIEND : A. Medical Work on the physical exhaustion and decay of the frame, from the effects of solitary indulgence, infection, and the injurious consequences from the use of Mercury : with observations on the obligations of marriage, and directions for obviating cer tain disqualifications. By R. and L. PERRY and Co., - Sur geons. Consultations as usual (see page 197). Sold by J. Allen, 2 0, Warwick-lane, Paternoster-row; Sanger, 160, Oxford street; and Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street, London. The CORDIAL BALM of SYRIACUM is employed in both sexes to renovate the impaired powers of life. Its action is purely balsamic : its power in reinvigorating the frame in all cases of nervous and sexual debility, obstinate gleets, impo tency, barrenness, anddebilities arising from venereal excesses, has been demonstrated by its unvarying sucess in thousands of cases. Price lls. per bottle, or four quantities in one fur 335., which saves 118.0 The CONCENTRATED DETERSIVE ESSENCE, an anti-syphilitic remedy, for purifying-the system, and is recom mended for any of the varied forms of secondary symptoms, such as eruptions on the skin, blotches on the head and face, en largements of the throat, tonsils, and uvula; threatened destruction of the nose, palate, Sze. Its action is purely deter sive, and its beneficial influence on the system is undeniable. Price lls. and 335. per bottle, also a saving of lls. PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS constitute an effectual remedy in either sex thrall cases of gonorrhoea. gleet, stricture, and diseases of the urinary organs. Price 2s. 9d., 4s. fid. and lls. per box. Sold by Daniel Church. 78, Gracechurch-street, City ; Bart ley-Hooper, 43, King William-street (four doors from London - bridge); G. F. Watts, 17, Strand ; W. Sutton and Co., 10, Bow churchyard ; W. Edwards, 67. St. Paul's-churchyard ; J. Sanger, 150, Oxford Street ; Hannay and Dietriehsen, 03, Oxford-street ; Butler and Harding, 4, Cheapside ' • Prout and Harsant, 229 Strand. and all medical vendors throughout the United Kingdom ORGANIC WEAKNESS—ITS CAUSES AND CURE. Just published (with an Appendix on the Curative Powers of Galvanic-Electricity), price is., free by post for 13 stamps, SELF -PRESERVATION.—A Medical Treatise on NERVOUS DEBILITY and FUNCTIONAL WEAKNESS. more particularly in refer en ce t o th e INFIR MITIES and D ISORDERS of the GENE R A TIVE SYSTEM; tracing the Origin of these distressing afflictions to causes which vitiate the very fountains of Life and prematurely de stroy the vigour of Manhood. With Practical Observations on the Cure of these Diseases, and on the extraordinary re storative power of LOCAL GALVANISM in cases of nervous prostration, muscular debility, and functional incapacity, when used in combination with the remedial agents so suc cessfully employed by the Author during a practice of up wards of Twenty yelirs. With descriptive Cases, numerous Engravings, Instructions, dec. BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D., ' 37, BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, - • - - Registered Licentiate of the London Society of Apothecaries, Doctor of Medicine of the University of Erlangen, Honorary Member of . the Loudon Hospital Medical Society, &e. An erroneous impression exists that public announcements on these disorders emanate only from unqualified persons, but as the new Medical Act provides that none bat registered practitioners shall assume any medical -title, those that are legally qualified can readily be distinguished—a point ofgreat importance in cases where secrecy, confidence, and skill are equally requisite. In the new edition of ' Self-Preservation,' facts of para mount utility are brought together—facts appealing to the prudence of all who are suffering from affections which in volve the enfeeblement and ultimate loss of those powers without which man forfeits the dignity of nature, and sinks to the most pitiable depths of physical and moral degradation. In cases where the vital essences have been weakened by the influences of tropical climates, by pernicious habits. indiscri minate excesses, improper diet, hardship, or by injudicious treatment, the means of cure adopted by the author, in con junction with the application of Local Galvanism, have gene rally been found sneeesstio, even in cases where recovery had been pronounced impossible. Published by the Author, price ls., or free by post for thir teen stamps, and may be had of Allen, Warwick-lane, Pater noster-row, London ; Westmaeott, chemist, Market-street, Manchester; Guest, Bull-street, Birmingham; Baraclough, Fargate, Sheffield ; Ba7ner, High-street, Southampton ; W. Love, Enoch-square, (flasgow; IL Powell, Westmoreland street, Dublin, or from the Author, who may be consulted daily. from • Eleven till Two, and from Six till:Eightlat his l'egdone, 37, Befoul-square, London / 1 V ._,,,, .2- , S PA ' 4 ‘ 'NEW - •• • , ' 1..1 . //-1- -..-.' IMR. COMMISSIONER F AN 007:94::::,_.,..„ .. .. . . ..i . A.y . ,4* . t '. 17 . 11" . .. -), • '.17...-Z. --".- // : . ; , .it .. • .r, '. .... (111111141114 i ::t:4 , ..}, \ , 4 ( I Itt: iir ctia • 31 4 , ~ ' .=7 1 4) 8f!8"1: - - - 3: ; % ;k1ig1igk i ..C.41 0 (.1' ..,. : . . ;*' .f: ‘..!''''l4lll-;i'''''.(.lB7').:, . - ~ vi, 4. -,• t., , 4 .N . .. *01 ., •,, ~,v , „•,,. ~. ~f ',,,.. -,- - ;A:4 I .RUPTOY REFORM. I\l - - -cetn a, 1 -,.. - . DIE r ~‘.- -41,-•, , .. , ki,( ..„•,., ~,,,,„-.4.. , Roi . -- V f.- The , following observations by Mr. Commissions Fane on proposed reforms in the Bankruptcy am Insolvency Laws have been forwarded to us : " 1. I do not think that any legislative assistant, should be given to enable any majority of creditor. socking what is • called liquidation' (which, 1. nothing but a plausible word for secrecy ' ) Control any minority of creditors, however small. I would not allow even 99 creditors to control th , . hundredth creditor. The hundredth man who in sists on publicity is the friend of the public. " There is nothing so agreeable to an insolvent and his creditors as secrecy, nothing so disagreeable as publicity. The debtor is only too often a knave, the creditors are almost all victims of their own readiness to give credit without inquiry. The debtor hates to have his knavery, the creditor hates to have his folly, exposed. They are in a conspiracyagainst honest men, and their engine is secrecy.' " The usual course is this. When the debtor cannot longer delay the evil day, he calls his cre ditors together to hear his statement of debts and assets, and he submits a proposition which is always to pay so many shillings in the pound. Generally► he offers about as much as he can pay. The credi tors consider his proposition, and almost always stipulate for something more. The debtor is so anxious for secrecy that he generally undertakes to pay the something more, but he proposes to pay it by acceptances, at three, six, nine, and 12 months. Having thus bought secrecy, he obtains during the 12 months, of tradesmen who have not heard of his insolvency, the means of paying his existing credi tors ; and thus Peter is robbed to pay Paul, and the result is that a knave is turned loose on the world unexposed. The existing creditors do not trust him. during the 12 months, because they know him ; new creditors do trust him, because they do not know him. Is this a system which the law should encourage P • " If I could make the law, I would not only not give the smallest power to the majority of credi tors to bind the minority, I would go further, and would even enact that the creditor who established the bankruptcy should receive some advantage as a reward for having been the first to denounce the insolvent, and so stop his mischievous career. In a bankruptcy before me a short time ago, two eminent banking houses in the City lost, one £5,000, the other £1,1500, by not knowing that a person who put his name to a bill as a second security had privately arranged with his creditors a year before. " I, for one, will never lift a finger to assist pri vate arrangements. The true policy is publicity. "2. I think there ought not to be two laws--a law of bankruptcy and a law of insolvency. " I think that there should be but one law, and that law should be the existing law of bankruptcy. The principle of the law of bankruptcy is right. It is this—take possession of the bankrupt's property, realise it, and after paying expenses distribute it among the creditors. Inquire into the conduct of the bankrupt before and pending his bankruptcy, and treat him accordingly, so far as punishment goes ; but, in any event, return him sooner or later to the world of industry, entirely free from all former debts. Let him recommence the struggle to main tain himself and family ; do not impede, or, it might bo said, neutralise his exertions by weighing him down with old debts. Creditors are nearly as much to blame as debtors, and ought n o t t o b e perm i tte d to oppress thos e whom they have misled by . the carelessness with which they have given credit. " Assuming there ought not to be two laws, a law of bankruptcy and a law of insolvency, and as suming that the main principles of the law of bank ruptcy are right, it follows that the insolvent law should be dropped, and the bankrupt law substituted with such amendments as should be approved of. " It is proposed to consolidate the Bankrupt and Insolvency Courts, and have only one court, the judges of which should be called judges, not commissioners. This seems right. I think that the word bankruptcy should be dropped. The pro per word is insolvency. The consolidated Court should, therefore, be called the Court of Insolvency. But it would be inexpedient to have all cases of in solvency managed in the same court, as there is great inconvenience in mixing the lowest of the low with persons who have always moved in a higher sphere. The proposal, therefore, to retain the court house and establishment in Portugal-street, as well as the building and establishment in Basinghail street, and use the former for the lower class of in solvents and the creditors and the latter for the higher classes seems judicious. It is a great advan tage that they are a mile and more from each other. Insolvents should be divided into two classes—say class A and class B. Class A should consist cf those insolvents whose available assets would probably exceed £2OO ; class B should consist of those whose available assets would probably not exceed that sum. Class A should be dealt with by the judges sittin g in Basinghall-street and the Bankruptcy Courts in the country • class B by the judges sitting in Portu gal-street and the insolvency judges in the country. " 3. The law which now enables a creditor who has got judgment to take the property of his debtor in execution for his own private use should be abolished. He ought to have 20s. in the pound on the cost he has incurred, but should come in with the other creditors for a dividend on his debt. Under the existing system, the debtor is constantly in league with the execution creditor, and the two contrive to cheat all the other creditors. Even if the demand of the creditor is an honest de mand, it is most unjust that he should get 20s. in the pound upon his debt, when the other creditors get little or nothing; but if it is not an h ones t de mand (and it is very difficult to find out whether it is or is not) it is a most revolting piece of knavery, because it is turning the law, which ought to be a protection to honest men, into an instrument to cheat them. THE SUN, LONDON, THLTRSDAY EVENING, JANUARY 20, 1859. THE NAVY. BRITISH COLUMBIA, lication in San Francisco, who, in speaking of the climate of Victoria, reports that—" This year we have had one entire rainy day in July, and two thus far in August, besides several showers. These rains keep the grass green, and all kinds of vegeta , tion fresh and growing throughout the summer. The meadows and pastures now look as verdant here as in California. From May until the middle of July the wind blows fresh every day. After this it ceases, and until the winter rains set in the weather is delightfully calm, and the tem perature subject to very little variation, the ther mometer not changing more than 15 or 16 degrees night or day during this period. From April to Nov. it rarely ever falls below 50 or goes above 75. In.this respect. it is the most even climate I have ever seen.' To this testimony I will only add, that apple and peach trees are at present partially in blossom, after having delivered themselves of abun dant crops of fruit within the past few weeks. I prefer this climate myself to that of California, sim ply because it is not so enervating. With more streams meandering through the meadows and prairies than they have, the country could be culti vated into one grand garden for many miles all round Victoria. A court-martial was held on Tuesday, in Ham oaze, Plymouth, on board the flagship Impregnable, to try Mr. John Foster, assistant engineer of the third class. The charge was that " he, being in active service, and belonging to her Majesty's ship Leopard, did on the evening of the 15th October quit the ship without leave, after being refused permission by the first lieutenant." Sir Thos. Pasley, Under Superintendent of the Dockyard, presided ; Mr. John Eastlake officiated as Judge Advocate, and Capt. Wainwright (Leopard) prosecuted. The first lieutenant, Mr. Webb E. Stone, having proved the fact, which occurred at Greytown, and the prisoner having submitt e d th a t a t th e timehe was labouring under great mental depression, sentenced him to six months' imprisonment in the county gaol, and to be dismissed from her Majesty's service. Her Majesty's screw line of battle ship Agamem non, of 91 guns, was taken out of No. 7 dock at Portsmouth, yesterday, and placed iu the steam basin. The Ariadne, 32, screw steam frigate, of 800 horse power, building at Deptford, is fast progress ing towards completion, and will, we understand, be launched about July next. Her Majesty's steam frigate Termagant, of 25 guns, commenced masting yesterday under the sheers of the Portsmouth dockyard jetty. She will shortly be commissioned. Her Majesty's screw frigate Mersey, of 40 guns, sent up topmasts yesterday, and is to be brought forward with all possible despatch. She rates as a first class, being only 27 tons less than the Duke of Wellington, three-decker. It has been announced to the friends of the officers and men belonging to her Majesty's sloop of war Sappho, 12, Capt. F. Moresby, that in the event of the Admiralty receiving no further information re lative to that ship, the name of the vessel is to be removed from the next edition of the " Navy List." Her Majesty's paddleship Argils, of six guns, is at Spithead. The Queen's regulation, similar in all its bearings to that issued in 1858, relative to the grade and uni form of the corps of military store•officers, has been issued to the Royal Engineer department. Accord ingly, the clerk of the works and other established clerks attached to that office at Woolwich yester day appeared in uniforms precisely similar to those of the Military Store department. They are to be entitled to honorary grades in the army as non combatant officers equivalent to lieutenants, cap tains, &e., and when in uniform are to be saluted as commissioned officers of her Majesty's service, and take precedence in the usual manner as officers. Regulations to that effect have been printed for the information of the garrison. The Standard gun foundry at Woolwich arsenal having completed the stipulated number of 130 heavy siege guns, yesterday commenced turning out a number of 32-pounders, a couple of which will be cast ea c h a lt erna t e d a y, amounting to six guns per week. (From the Correspondent of the Times.) VICTORIA, VANCOUVER'S ISLAND, Nov. 11. Had my time permitted I would have made some remarks on the agriculture and on the capabilities of the soil of this island in my last letter. Here is the experience of a gentleman who was for years a farmer in Essex, in England, and who has farmed a tract of land about two miles from Victoria for the last six years. The notes which I have taken of his operations. will convey to the agricultural mind abroad an id of the quality of the soil; the character of the sea Ans, and the results of farming operations conducted with skill in Vancouver's Island. This farmer has not established, as yet, any fixed rotation. His general course has been, when he first breaks up the land; to sow it with peas, which tend to clean and open the ground : next year wheat, next oats, and the fourth year peas again, or tur nips. The virgin soil is too rich to require or to bear manure for a few years, unless on poor stony spots not yet cultivated. The essential point is to keep:the laud clean from brakes and weeds. In a state of nature the best of the land is covered with a thick crop of ferns, which attain an enormous size— five, six, and seven feet in height, strong in stem and tough in roots. This is the system, and its results : Wheat, sown after turnips fed off by sheep, or after potatoes ; sows 1 bushels to the acre, broad cast. Return, 28 to 35 bushels to the acretaecord ing to quality of , soil : but the prodade depends chiefly on the freedom of the soil from weeds. Cleaning makes the heavy crop. His wheat averages 641 b. to the bushel. Considers the quality very good. Wheat may, of course, be sown after potatoes; but after turnips gives the best crop. Oats—Sows 2 bushels, broadcast, to the acre. Return, from 50 to 70 bushels to the acre ; not heavy; grain rather small. None yet made into meal. An oatmeal mill is on the way out for the use of the farmers in the neighbourhood. Barley—Sows very little. Market hitherto limited; now increasing with the advent of troops of mules and horses for " packing" in the adjacent mining country of British Columbia. The soil is well adapted for growing barley. Peas—Sows 2 bushels to the acre. Return, 30 to 40 bushels to the acre from the dun pea and the scimitar (blue) pea ; seeds sent from England. They grow larger than in the old country, but he can't give the weight. Potatoes—The ground prepared by two or three ploughings and well cleaned, and (such fields as Dave been already cropped) manured by about 20 cartloads of farmyard dung to an acre ; plants about three-fourths of a ton to the acre in rows, three feet apart. Return, Bto 10 tons an acre ; the produce large in size, mealy, and well-flavoured ; the quality of all kinds good, but the white oval-shaped kidney excellent. This last fact I can vouch for. They are smaller in size, but superior in flavour to the California potato. In some few instances the pro duce is enormous,-56 tubers from one seedling, of which number 40 were large-sized potatoes, choice and fit for market. L On the other hand, the climate of British Colum bia, the new colony, on the mainland, is hotter in summer and much colder in winter than that of this island. The-climate of the mainland, as I learn from old residents in the Hudson's Bay Company's ser vice,,is, however, quite healthy, and certainly, from my / experience of it during the month of Sept. last, the whole of which I passed in the open air and under canvass, nothing can be more delightful. Among the thousands of miners and others all exposed by day and by night, with whom I for gathered, I did not meet a sick person, and only one man who complained of a headache. The winter is cold and frosty, but the air is clear and bracing. I now come to speak of the town of Victoria, as it has grown since I last noticed it. Situated on a rocky plateau, which rises from the bay, it runs along the top of the bank fronting the water in a north-easterly direction till it embraces a portion of the Victoria Arm, which runs up to Esquimalt, and the principal portion runs back from the water till it joins the open prairie and forest country which forms the south-eastern portion of the island, bounded by Cadboro Bay and the Straits of De Haro. The south-western portion of the town is divided from the inhabited and business part by James's Bay, a sm a ll arm o f th e harbour, running inland in a south-easterly direction for about a , quarter of a mile, or less. The town extends, on paper, south and west of this bay, following the sinuosities of Victoria Bay towards the Straits of Fuca, so as to embrace the whole of the northern and eastern side of the harbour, and to which side the town is confined. The situation is extremely fine, commanding, as I before stated, extensive views of sea and mountain at a distance, and pictu resque glimpses of forest scenery close at hand, with charming peeps of the innumerable little bays and inlets indenting the shores of the waters which wash the base of the plateau on which the town is laid out. Her - Majesty's paddlewheel steam-sloop Alecto, late from the West Coast of Africa, having been dismasted and stripped, was yesterday paid off at Woolwich. A large proportion of her crew, con sisting of service men, were granted one month's leave of absence, and the remainder were dis charged. Her Majesty's steam storeship Rhadamanthus, in dock at Woolwich, has been newly rigged and. caulked, and completely overhauled. Her timbers, in various places decayed and rotten, have been re placed, and she is likewise in progress of being newly coppered. The Rhadamanthus has been employed for many years as a transport in the conveyance of steam gear, and has seldom required repairs of any importance. The copper now re moved, it is ascertained, has been in place 174 years. ACCIDENT TO CAPTAIN TATHAM, H.M.S. EAGLE. —On Wednesday last, while this officer was riding in full cry after the hounds in the neighbourhood of Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, his horse stum bled in takinc , one of the fences, - Which are of no ordinary height, and precipitated his rider with such violence, that very serious apprehensions were entertained'as to the result. We arc glad, however, to be able to say that the gallant officer has slightly recovered the shock, but will, it is feared, be con fined to his house for some weeks.—Plyinoteth, The following appointments have been made at the Admiralty : Master.—C. J. Polkingham, to the Hannibal. Second Masters—Silas Vicary (confirmed), to the Perse verance ; John S. Compton, to the Calcutta. Assistant-Paymaster—Charles E. Phillips to the Russell; Francis Braddon to the Leopard. Clerk—Charles Royle, to tho Victory. Talking of potatoes, let a successor worthy of the immortal Soyer, ambitious of fame in culinary science, come out here and learn from the Indians their method of cooking them, carry home the art, and his fortune is made. Considering that the savages have neither pot nor pan nor oven, the result is marvellous. It is attained by steam, gene rated by heated stones from a little water in a wooden box, sewed (or held together) by withcs. But to resume my friend's story of his turnips, which he sows in fallowed land, sometimes mann red and sometimes not. Gets good crops from a variety of seeds, hybrids, &c. Cannot give the produce per acre ; but the crops are quite as good as he ever saw in England. I saw very large ones the other day grown in rather a thin soil on a hill close to Victoria. The ground laid off for the town is about one and a half square miles, subdivided into blocks and lots; the lots measure 60 by 120 feet each, and 20 of these compose one block, except in one suburb, where the blocks contain only 18 lots, and in other parts forming narrow strips and angles which did not afford sufficient space to form blocks of such large size. These exceptional parts are made into smaller blocks. The width of the streets varies from 60 feet to 100 feet, and the principal thoroughfares are at present being graded and macadamised, for which there is abundance of rock in the neighbour hood. The total number of lots in the whole town is 1,552, a few of them, on the outside, being a little larger in area than 60 by 120 feet, and the total number sold is 1,142, leaving only 140 lots un sold, and of this remainder several lots are already bespoken. This quick sale is a remarkable instance of the avidity displayed for the acquisition of town property in so remote a part of the world, and it is fair to assume that it shows great public confidence Clover does well. Not much land yet laid down in clover. The land, when freed. from growing timber, is laid down often in timothy for pasture, to save the great labour and expense of clearing out the stumps of the trees—an arduous task, until machinery is had to wrench them out of the earth. I hear of such a machine being in use in America, and it is to be hoped it will travel to Vancover's Island. The sowing and reaping seasons are, for wheat,the latter part of October and in November; also, in spring, as soon after February as the weather per mits ; all to be in the ground before the end of March, harvested in August. Oats, barley, and peas sown in March and. April, harvested about August to middle of September. Potatoes planted as early in May as can be. None should be put in later than May, and they would do better if planted earlier, so as to be ripe before the early frosts set in, taken up in October. Turnips sown in June, July, and August. The swedes in June ; the white sorts will do to be sown down to the end of August. in the future growth and prosperity of Victoria as well as in the prospects of the couutry generally. Another cause of the eagerness to invest here is the confidence placed in the ,security of the title, and in the protection of life and property afforded by the administratiov. of English law, and, in short, a reliance upon everything real and personal placed under the guardianship of the British flag. The subdivision into such small l o t s has been keenly objected to by speculators whose operations were defeated by the entirety of the blocks having been broken by the purchase of single lots by per sons of small means, who bought their lots for actual occupation. In no case of any other new town do I know of so many small proprietors who own their own houses on their own land. Victoria is emphatically a town laid out for the benefit of the poor man. The soil of this farm I should take to be a fair sample of that of the island generally, although I do know some much better soil, scattered about, within a few miles of Victoria, than any yet culti vated on this farm. The objection to the smallness of the lots fronting on the water is well founded. The size is too small for shipping and general commercial purposes, and the few traders in the place are cramped for room in their waterside premises. A wharf cannot be erecter: to any useful purpose on a frontage of 60 f e et. A few frontages of greater width than this do exist in the hands of two or three of the older settlers, but the greater portion is dribbled away in lots of only 60 fee t.wide, and there is not a single property on the bay fit to build a capacious and convenient wharf upon. Another objection is the paucity of streets. Each of the blocks should have been intersected in the middle by cross streets, or at least by alleys, both for convenience and for easy and prompt access in cases of fire. A writer in a Californian paper, who visited se veral portions of this island, reports that " the soil throughout consists of a warm vegetable mould, resting on a substratum of sandy or gravelly Clay. This mould is generally not more than three or four inches deep, except on the bottoms, where the depth is much greater." He is mistaken as to the depth of the mould. In all the land thought worth the trouble of being cultivated the mould is deeper than three or four inches. It is deeper than the depth of an ordinary furrow; but in some situations is thin as he says. The writer proceeds to describe the quality :—" This soil is very quick and fertile, but not durable, so after a few ploughings the land begins to show signs of impoverishment, the upper and more productive stratum of earth becoming mixed with the poorer material below ; hence, after three or four crops the yield is sensibly diminished, unless manure be meantime applied." As to pro ductiveness, from actual results, he says, " Wheat, barley, and oats generally give what would be con sidered two-thirds of an average crop in California," but " peas do even better here than there." The comparison with California may be correct, for, except the delta of the Nile, I have not heard of any soil yielding such large returns of grain as that of California. " 4. The law should declare that it is the duty of every person, when unable to meet his engagements, to record the fact in the Court of Insolvency. 'rho mode of proceeding should be for the debtor to go before the registrar of the day, accompanied by an attorney of the Court to identify him, and declare himself unable to meet his engagements. The Court upon this ought to cause the insolvency to be gazetted, and the usual proceedings should take place. If the insolvent did not originate proceed ings against himself, any unpaid creditor should be at liberty to go before the proper Court, and state upon oath a prima facie case of debt due. There should not be any specific amount required. The smaller the debt due and unpaid, the stronger would be the proof it afforded of the insolvency of the debtor. He who cannot pay £5 cannot pay £5O. The judge should immediately issue his summons to the alleged debtor, calling upon him to attend the court on a fixed day, and show cause why heshould not be adjudged insolvent. When the insolvent attended, the Court would deal with the case as justice required. If the insolvency was declared, everything would pass as now till the insolvent had passed his last examination. He would then ask for his certificate, which would be granted as of course, unless opposed, the Court granting a first, second, or third class, according to the circumstances of the case ; but I think that no certificate but a third class certificate should be given, unless the Court should be of opinion that the insolvent had pro duced assets which, if they had been sold according to the usual course of business would have amounted to 50 per cent. upon his debts. • " There ought to be a code of commercial crimes or offences and punishment. The punishment sh uld err on the side of mercy, not severity. A law con structed on these principles would, I think, win public favour. lam very apprehensive that the bill, if passed as proposed, will throw us all into confusion, from which we shall not recover for a great length of time. " June 25, 1858." Three spaces have been reserved for public uses, one of them for the church, one for a school, and the third for a park. The latter is a fine rising round, running southerly and westerly from near the inner angle of James's Bay to the sea, and con tains Beacon-hill, a prominent object by which ma riners steer to make the south of the harbour, and from which it is not far distant, The ground is a natural park, interspersed with oaks of the true " ancestral" aspect, their jagged bark and gnarled branches bearing sufficient evidences of their anti quity, while two sides of the space are beautified and protected by thick belts of the Douglas pine and other trees and shrubs. The sward is good; and when the ferns are removed, and the shrubbery trimmed, theground needs only roads and walks to be made to perfect the park. The view from Bea con-hill is magnificent, embracing an immense semi• circle of snowy mountains in Washington territory, on the opposite coast, the whole length and breadth of the Straits of Fuca, and the entrance to the in land sea now called Puget Sound. The increase of buildings is astonishing ; it ex cites my surprise even, although I have seen the speedy rebuilding of San Francisco five different times. Houses, small and rude, most of them, it is true, are continually going up. The sounds of the hammer and the saw are never out of my ears ex cept when I escape for a few hours into the coun try. The houses are all of wood. The quality of the crops pleased him better than the quantity. " The straw, which generally looks clean and healthy, is short and slender, and stands thin on the ground; but the berry of the grain is much larger and heavier than with us; in truth, I have in no part of the United States seen such plumpness of kernel as the wheat and oats here exhibit, and I doubt not most er.cellent crops of these cereals will always be grown on the alluvial bottoms, and also on the wood and uplands, when the latter shall receive the benefits of careful hus bandry." I think this gentleman is correct in his conclusions. He has travelled over a considerable portion of the south and easterly districts, and made good use of his time. The only drawback to the cultivation of the soil is the scarcity and high price of labour. There is a ready market for all produce. I cannot afford space in this letter to pursue the subject farther ; but in my next I will give a sketch of the quantity of agricultural land already sold, its present market value, and the quantity still dis posable on the public domain fit for cultivation and for grazing. I may here remark that I find from several letters which I have of late received from England there is great misconception abroad on the subject of the climate of this island, which it is as well to remove,. The farmer whose report of his farming operations I have given above tells me—" The seasons arc very much the same as in England as to general character, wet in winter, but decidedly milder. The fact is, there is no better or healthier climate in the world. It is just an English climate tempered, modified, and improved ; the east wind being soft and genial, instead of cold and cutting as in -Eng land. The only cold winds here are the northerly winds, and they are merely bracing—a little sharp, but without the sting so trying in England and in Scotland. They only prevail in the winter season." The summer is drier and more steady, only a few showers of rain falling during the hct season, and the winter milder. The climate, in short, is safe for the delicate and invigorating for the robust in health. These remarks apply more strictly to the soulhern portion of the island. At the north, about Fort Rupert, the climate is moister, and somewhat colder. ✓ The population is about 3,000 residents, and I should think 500 more are constantly floating about on the way to and from the mines and various parts of the coast. This looks like Falstaff's commissa riat, a small quantity of bread for so much sack ; but small things and great things are relative terms. An old colonist told me the other day that at this time last year there were not 300 inhabitants in Victoria. These 3,000 inhabitants are kept in order by 20 policemen, regularly organised under the authority of a commissioner, who is also police magistrate and a justice of the peace. The policemen are clothed and provided with batons, and perambulate the streets much after the fashion of your London po lice ; the peace and good order of the town is per fectly preserved. The other day an inspector was added to the force ; and, with some drilling, I have no doubt it will become efficient in detective service. The administration of justice is carried on in this wise. There is only one court of law professionally speaking—the Supreme Court of Civil Justice of the Colony, established by an order in Council in 1856 ; and one judge, who tries all civil cases. Criminal cases are tried by three magistrates, ap pointed by commission issuing from the Governor, who always have a jury. The plan adopted is quite constitutional, and, as a temporary expedient, ren dered absolutely necessary by unhooked for circum stances, works very well. The magistrates are gen tlemen of known respectability of character, who try prisoners with fairness and impartiality, and whose sentences are more tinged with mercy than with severity, and who are guided by the rules of natural justice rather than by strict principles of law. Bar there is none, there 'tieing only one gentle. man in the colony who is eligible for its privileges, and he, being but a visitor, has been compelled to decline the very kind and courteous offer of the Chief Justice to admit him. As a proof of the genial effects of the climate, I may mention that the rains which fell occasionally during the last month have caijsed the grass to spring up with such vigour that at present the meadows are fresher and greener than they were in June and July. In fact, a lawn or grass field preserved from cattle is now, on the 11th of Nov., just as green as our best kept lawns in Eng land are at any season. This is seen under the walls of the fort ,at Victoria, in an enclosed paddock, and in confirmation of my own assertions I may quote the experience of a Californian gentleman — a hostile critic too—writing of this place for a pub- I have • visited a great many places, great and small, but this is the first place I remember to have found without a member of the long robe. Is the privation a blessing or an evil ? Lawyers are often considered great evils, and I am ready to admit that the charge is sometimes well founded ; but I fear r'E P. ;s\4:\ i l i OZ., 5. 4 i 4 , 47 • ~.' AZ , . S THE ARMY. The following circular has been addressed to general and other officers commanding abroad, by the Under-Secretary of State for War:— " War-office, Jan. 19. Sir,—The committee upon whose report the new Royal warrant for the commissariat was founded, having recom mended the prospective abolition of the grade of commis sariat clerk, but that in respect to the existing established clerks no new commissions in the commissariat be granted until such of them as are found duly qualified and fit for promotion are provided for ; but the committee would ob serve that the improved position and increased responsibility consequent upon the adoption of these recommendations, appear to call for additional care in making appointments to the commissioned ranks of the commissariat,' I am directed by Secretary Major-General Peel to request that, with a view to carrying into effect the recommendation of the com mittee in respect to the established commissariat clerks serving under your orders, you will convene a board, over which you will be good enough to preside, to consist of the commanding Royal Engineer, the senior commissariat officer, and another officer selected by yourself as most suit able from his educational acquirements, or otherwise, be fore which board all the clerks in question should be ordered to appear on the same day, and who,, after having been sub jected to a viva twee examination on professional subjects, should, under the rules prescribed in the accompanying directions from the civil service commissioners, prepare written answers to the questions in the accompanying papers. . " The senior commissariat officer and the commissariat officer under whose immediate orders the clerk under exami nation may have been serving, should then be requested to state their opinions as to his character and qualifications, and at the close of the proceeding the report of the Board in each case, with their observation s u p on it, s h ou ld b e p u t under a sealed envelope and addressed to the Civil Service Commissioners, but with a covering letter to this depart ment. "As many of the clerks have been several years in the public service, and may not have been prepared for the present ordeal, it will be at your discretion, either before or after examination, to intimate to each clerk that the present test of his fitness to hold a commission from the Crown is in accordance with the conditions of his probationary appointment, and the only difference from former practice is in the mode of applying it. lf, therefore, his examina tion be deemed unsatisfactory by the authorities at home, he will have no further claim upon the public beyond a passage to England (unless he prefers to remain in the colony), and such gratuity as may be awarded him. "If, however, he should fall short of the requirement of a commission, but should in the opinion of the head of his department have acquired such experience in office duties, and have executed them with such diligence as to render his assistance in an office desirable, you will be so good as to inquire and report whether, under such circumstances, he would be willing to accept an assistant-clerkship under the 71st and 72d clauses of the commissariat regulations, at his present pay, and a fair equivalent for his allowances. " The examination will, of course, take place at head quarters, and the Secretary of State relies upon you for the careful carrying out of these instructions, it being of the greatest importance, under the improved organisation of the Commissariat, that every precaution should be taken to prevent the permanent ranks of the department being encumbered with inefficient officers. —I have, &c., " li. liiwns." Yesterday morning corporal punishment was inflicted on a private belonging to the depot of the 53d Regiment, at Chatham, named Peter Burns, who had been tried before a district court-martial a few days previously, on a charge of striking a non commissioned officer, who was in the execution of his duty. For this crime the prisoner was sen tenced to receive 50 lashes, and afterwards to undergo a term of 56 days' imprisonment. After the punishment, the prisoner was conveyed to the garrison hospital, where he will remain until he is able to undergo the remaining portion of his sen tence in Fort Clarence military prison, Rochester. The prisoner has been a great number of years in the regiment, in which he served a considerable period in India, until invalided home, having been wounded in the right hand at Lucknow. The following additional vessels have been char tered by the Hon. Council of India for the convey ance of reinforcements to India—viz., the Janet Mitchell, 1,000 tons, for Madras ; the Victor Em manuel, 1,200 tons, for Calcutta; the Eliza Mary, 639 tons, for Calcutta ; and the Alliance, 599 tons, for Bombay. [ ADVE RTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment and Pills.— Diphtheria—Sore Throat.—The public believe this to be a new disease, and medical men are frightening every one by publishing letters in the leading papers recommending cer tain means of prevention and cure, to be followed under the personal direction of the writer. Diphtheria is not a new complaint; it is typhoid fever, with ulcerated throat, an accidental complication, which has been for years most successfully treated by Holloway's febrifuge remedies, which allay the fever, reduce local inflammation, and cure the worst cases of diphtheria with certainty and rapidity. The prophylactic virtues of Holloway's remedies stand un r:valled ; they purify the blood and expel the virus, thus removing the susceptibility to diphtherite, or any other febrile or ulcerative disorder. PRICE 4 D . STAMPED, 51) the old saying is quo, that they are " necessary evils." Their want in Victo r i a i s supp li e d b y t h e courtesy of the Chief Justice allowing parties, liti gants, to have advisers, who are permitted great latitude in his court by their taking powers of attorney from their clients to appear for them. The duty has hitherto been performed by two American citizens, lawyers from San Francisco, who I hope are having what is commonly called in the classical language of the place they come from "quite a fine time of it." In the criminal court the accused are allowed to have the assistance of a lawyer or friend, who is permitted every facility except the privilege of pleading, which latter privilege, to be fair and put both parties on an equal footing, is denied to the Crown as prosecutor. Not exactly denied either : the Crown solicitor refrains from pleading—an-ad vantage which he cannot well help foregoing, as he is also ineligible to the privileges of the bar. This state of matters will, no doubt, soon be remedied. The Government will do what is required to supply present deficiencies, both as respects the judiciary and bar, to the extent necessary to represent the Crown. In view of the result as I know from direct correspondence that legal gentlemen in England desire to conic out and try their fortunes in this country, I trust you will allow me to explain to my professional brethren which of them are eligible for admission to practise. Such are, as barristers, "such persons only as shall have been admitted as barristers in England or Ireland, or advocates of the Court of Session of Scotland, or to the degree of doctor of civil law at the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge, or Dublin." Admission to practise as solicitors is given to " such parties only as have been ad m itt e d t o prac tise as attornies, or solicitors of any of the courts of record at Westminster or Dublin ; or being proctors admitted to practise in any ecclesiastical eourt in England or Ireland; or being writers to the Signet in Scotland." The class-distinction of the bar is thus provided for : " The barristers of the court shall be allowed to act as solicitors, and the solicitors of the court to act also as banis ters, so long only as there is not a sufficiency of banisters or solicitors competent and willing to act for the suitors of the said court in these capacities, and during the time of such insufficiency only." All candidates for admission must produce their certificates, and make a declaration of having been called to the bar or admitted to practice before they can acquire the privileges of the bar of Victoria " that is to be." How it is to be with the new colony of British Columbia I do not know. A judge is on his wav out. He will, of course, be fully in formed, and I will revert to the subject. The rules which I have given are imperative, and cannot be altered here, nor, indeed, at home without another Order in Council, I presume. Their operation ex cludes all the classes of lawyers in Scotland—wri ters, solicitors, advocates of Aberdeen, solicitors be fore the Supreme Court in Edinburgh—except ad vcc ites and writers to the Signet. How they affect the lawyers in Ireland I cannot say, as I don't know the classification of the profession in that country ; but they exclude the colonial lawyers in toto. At present, as may be readily guessed from my detail, a good English lawyer would find himself in clover on the shores of Victoria Bay. For some time to come the business must be confined to criminal and commercial law. The titles are too new and too clear to require the aid of conveyances to any extent. The " black sheep "of the profession had better stay away. This is not a congenial field for them to pasture in. It is hardly necessary to state, so soon after the Parliamentary discussion upon the bill constitut ing the new colony of British Columbia, which must be still fresh in the public mind, that the Go vernment of this colony of Vancouver's Island is vested in a Governor and Council, assisted by a Legislative Assembly, elected by freeholders owning , not less than 20 acres of land in fee. For many rea sons the entire weight of the Government has hitherto fallen on the Governor, whose office of late has been no sinecure. In fact, it seems astonishing how he gets through his work; but, as he sticks close at it early and late, I suppose an active life suits him. I sometimes hear of small standard griev ances, but they two so unreasonable some of them, and others so childish, that I should feel ashamed of being the medium of putting them in print. While on the subject of government it may be as Well to endeavour to remove a false impression which has always existed in England, and which is not yet eradicated, respecting the former government of the island. It has been almost universally sup posed that the home Government committed a mis take, so serious a mistake as to have retarded the growth of the colony, by appointing the local head of the Hudson's Bay Company the Governor of the Queen, both offices in one person being incompa tible. This is a most natural conclusion for persons at a distance, judging from reports, and uninformed of the facts and circumstances, to come to. I en tertained the same opinion, and drew the same con clusion from what I had learned in conversation with the former Governor. But, bold or paradoxi cal as it may appear, the union of the offices in one man makes the merit of the appointment in my opinion, now that I am enabled to judge of it from the lights which my investigations on the spot have afforded. This very unpopular opinion I will try to justify in a few words. The Hudson's Bay Com pany owned the whole island; the fee of the soil was in them absolutely. They were the lords para mount. No one else could sell or buy or appropriate an inch of land. The earth and its fulness belonged to them. They had the only establishments in the land. All the houses were theirs. They owned the ships, the steany,rs, the boats, the batteaux, and the canoes that kept communication with the rest of the world open, that brought the necessaries of life to the island, and that rendered its inland waters accessible to the traveller for all purposes of business or of pleasure. The horses to be ridden, the cows to give milk, and the sheep to supply mutton for the table were theirs. The trade was theirs, and the traders were their debtors ; the farmers were their tenants ; the other residents were their servants and dependents. There were a few who claimed to be independent. This small tribe was composed of some old " servants" who had retired on bits of land—good, decently con ducted persons, who left the service under the com pany's sanction ; some equally old servants, but of bad habits, given to the bottle, who were dis carded ; and one or two wrong-headed adven turers who bought farms of the company, , but never paid for them, and were consequently " inde pendent" only in so far as they did not wear the company's livery. The Indians were not exactly the company's vassals, for the policy was to pay the savages for every service they performed, however trivial; but the authority which the management and tact of the company had established placed the Indians under their control. Now, just fancy the position of a gentleman in no way connected with the body which owned all wielding all the power in these worldly goods, cidental to such ownership, coming out to govern the island, of which this body in its corporate capa city was the lord and master—the owner, sole and entire. Who was he to govern ? If he were to exercise the duties of his office at all he must govern the Hudson's Bay Company's people; for the Governor tells us himself that, after nearly two years' resi dence, when he left there were only 30 settlers on the island, and some of these were " servants" who had purchased land. Under the circumstances I cannot well conceive a more difficult task than to govern the Com pany's people —men composed of various classes ; but the upper " servants," nearly all gentlemen by education, association, and habits, and some of them gentlemen by birth, allied to ancient and proud families in the old country, accustomed all their lives to look for rules of conduct from the "chief" of*" eir own society, call it "council," " commit ce," "' directory," or any technicality by which t was known, would naturally look askance if they should be required to obey a new Governor uncon nected with the company. Besides the awkward ness of these " subjects" there were other elements which made the position of a Royal Governor any thing but a dignified one. The company, being bound to defray all the expense of the possession of the island by their arrangement with the Colonial office, had to pay the Governor his salary, his pas sage out, and such like vulgar details. I have been informed that the Company's people who came in contact with the Governor were very civil, polite and respectful iu their intercourse with him. This was natural from men of their breeding• [ADVERTISEMENT.]—Rarey's Horse and Cattle Improv ing Food improves the stamina, vigour, endurance, and muscle of ill-conditioned or apparently worn-eut Horses, Cows, Bullocks, Calves, Sheep, and Pigs. It causes no extra expense, as it contains far more and better nourish ment than its cost of lid. per feed supplies in corn or hay; hence ensures an actual saving. In a short time it improves the appearance and value of horses and cattle by 20 to 30 per cent. Rarey and Co., sole importers, 77, Pic cadilly, Quadrant, London. Packed in t in s of about 42 feeds, 6s. ; of about 00 feeds, 1 1 s. ; in casks of about 450 feeds, 50s. ; of about 1,000 feeds , £5, being about lid. p er feed. Goods forwarded on receipt of Post-office Orders. Important Caution—Beware of spurious imitations offered by the ignorant and unscrupulous. All imitators will be proceeded against.. • cmusTr 8 MINSTRELS. This celebrated band of performers made their first ap pearance in Cork on Tuesday night at the Athena3um, and notwithstanding the unfavourableness of the weather the audience, both in the reserved and unreserved portions of the building, was exceedingly numerous. Although the major part of the entertainment partakes of the character of burlesque, a considerable portion is of a different descrip. tion, and possesses high merit in a musical and artistic point of view. Among the most pleasing items i in the per formance is the solo on the violin , attributed n the pro: grammea o f t touch r a n . Anthony finish t ofex Dish, pr which evinces much d e li. ce s sion. The opening ch orus in the first part, "We come from the .was well re. ceived, and the Sleigh Polka, with which part first concludes, is a graceful and spirited composition, and was deservedly applauded. The second part commenced with an excellent imitation of the Hutchinson Family's famous song, " We're a band of brothers," in which the peculiar charatteristi , % of the young American singers were hit off and cleverly earl - caturcd. Perhaps the most amusing, and certaint y the mos t telling, part of the e n ti re per f ormance was the bur-. lesque polka pm . formed by Messrs. Pierce and Collins (the latter babitcd as a dansettse), and which kept the audience in a roar from its commencement to its termination, when th re were general demands for an encore, which were re sponded to. The next was a most inimitable burlesque of one of Jullion'a concerts, in which the appearance and manner of the great orchestral leader were taken off to the life, and the performance on the saxhorns, drum, penny whistle, &c., were admirably imitated. This was the cleverest portion of the evening's entertainment. In the course of this amusing and laughable burlesque Mr. W. Y. Collins made his appearance as Miss Jenny Trabbs (Jetty Treffs), and sang a caricature of her well-known serge " Trab, trab." Tho entertainment concluded wit a a laughable travestie of the "Great American Circus," in which the extravagant feats of agility and strength per formed at those exhibitions were imitated with much humour. Altogether the. nerformance is one A the cleverest and most amusing ever Witnessed in this city.— ark constitutir I I 13 1 _,A