The Sun. — London, England, 1862-07-25 00:00:00

CRYSTAL PALACE. —TO-MORROW (Satur day). HALF-A-CROWN. On Saturdays during the Exhibition the Palace is open from NINE in the morning, affording the opportunity for quiet inspection of the Fine Arta Courts. WELSH NATIONAL MUSIC at the Crystal Palace TO-MORROW (Saturday). "* . ZI N " EVERY WEER. ONE PENNY. ____------ ANTERBURY H ALL. CThe renowned Performers, DEBONNA IRE and AUG 014ARD (from Paris), at Ten o'clock. Grand Selections from " DON SEBASTIEN" and " IL TROVATORE," Conducted by Mr. Jonghmans. principal Artistes—Miss Russell, Signor Tivoli, and Mr. Raynor. I.3llSWOrth, in his celebrated Speech, "Or any other Man " ,the original), in conjunction wi th Eugene and Duley, torminn . the greatest Comic Trio (i n Forde London. r. M Alen the f o llowing Comic Talent , v iz, Mr. J. , ri arshall, Mr. Hollingsworth, and Miss Georgina Smithson. Gallery o f Modern Paintings. _-----_ T " OXF O It D, 6, OXFORD STREET. " TEE DAUGHTER OF THE ISLES," a Cantata composed by A. LESLIE, Esq., and written by A. MATTHI6OI4 Esq., in honour of the Marrisze of her le oyal Highness the Princess Alice. EVERY EVENING, in addition to the usual entertainments, which include operatic selections by Miss Russell, Madame Enderssohn, Messrs. Morley, Greene, and Albert, with Full Band an d Chorus; the Comic performances of Miss Caroline Parkes and Mr. W. Randall, the Ethiopian oddities of Rumsey, Newcomb, Little Bob, Eugene, and TJnsworth (the original " or any other man"), and the astounding feats on the Flying Trapeze of DEBONNAIRE. Ball, 6d. ; Balcony and Stalls, ls. ; Private Boxes, 108. 6d. THEATRE-ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Mr. D. Boncicanit, sole Lessee. This Evening, TH SPITALFIELDS WEAVER. Messrs. Atkins, F. Robinson; Sara Stevens. After which, THE COLLEEN HAWN. Mr. Boucicault, Mdme. Celeste, c. To conclude with THE KISS IN THE DARK. Commence at 7. THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Sole Lessee and Manager, Mr. Buckstone. This Evening, THE WOLF AND THE LAMB. Atter which, OUR AMERICAN COUSIN : Messrs. Buckstone, Sothern ; Mrs. C. Young, Miss Oliver, &c. With LA CON TRABANDISTA : Peres Nena, ie. And FAMILY JARS. Commence at 7. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI. Sole Pro rietor and Tarager, Mr. Benjamin Webster. This Evening, THE DEAD HEART. Messrs. And BenHjamin W,,bster, J. L. Toole, dm ; Miss Woolgar, dm E SHILLING DAY. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Lessee and Manßyer, Mr. A. Harris. This Evening. TOO MUCH OF A GOOD THING. After which, at 8, LO IS THE ELEVENTH: Mr. and Kra. C. Kean, &c. With C i t h THRICE MARRIE oc D. ornmee at 7. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Fole Lesse.. and Mans Fer. Mr. Nemund Falconer. This Even ing, PEEP 0 DA'T : Messrs. Lacy. Falconer. Addison ; Mrs. Bowers, &c. Followed , by KILLA.cNEY. Conclude with '1 BE COLLEEN RAWN SETTLED AT LAST. Charles Selby and Lydia T ompson. Cowmen a at 7. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W Batty. This Evening, MAZFPPA : Mr. C. Mortimer. Brilliant Scenes In thy Ciro le by the ithrivalled Troupe of British and Foreign Equestrians. Concluding with a favourite Faroe. Commence at 7. NOTICE. Kul remittanceg are, henceforth , t o be made to Mr. JOHN CIIAPLIN, a t M e Sun office, 112, o inted, by the Lord Strand, who has been app Chance ll or , Receiver and Manager of The Sun newspaper, and the outstanding debts due in respect thereof. _ _ liIGI-1 WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THis DAY.--orning, 1211. 56m.—Afternoon, lh. 20m, 70-monsoNv.-Morning, lh. 40m.—Afternoon, 2h. 3m 17%4 %,, T -,‘; - , - 117,:7.•, - ;,..k- ',, , f---( ,, ~..-..,,...4e 1 1 6 !;:f: - .. * ',., ---,1 , - --- , . • ‘ ~. „ •-.74, , , , 1-cr, •,,,,,,,,,, , t,:: . 4,,,, , . c .-..„0„,„ FE, , ~,,,,, 4,-t-:,,, ...• -,..,.:. -, -• , - • ..,---,--. -;~ THEjUIy. LONDON, FRIDAY, MAY 25, 1862, - Some hundred and fifty members are determined that the Session shall die game. Mustering up from their country and lccal obscurity , the y can vote if they cannot argue. Men like Sir GEORGE GREY on the part of the Government, like Sir JOSEPH PAXTON and Mr. W. E. FORSTER. o n the part of the Liberal s, and, above all, like Lord STAN LEY and Mr. HENLEY on the part of the Tories themselves, appeal in vain to the horse jockey temper and intelligence which is determined to force this scandalous game-preserver's bill on the fag-end of a session. When the welfare of the Indian Empire, or the grave question of legislating for the sUrving millions of Lancashire are the sub ject of the evening the Government whips can hardly keep a House; but, when the question is whether a game-law code, whose barbarous seve rity is worthy of the middle ages, shall be made y t e more sever e, no whip is needed, Up fly the Great Un knowns from their woods and copses, and vote that the public shall pay any amount of county rates, the police be multiplied, and the most unconstitu tional powers entrusted to them, so that game preservers may but secure their unmanly amuse ment at the lowest eost. We entirely agree with Lord STANLEY that the hot haste with which it is attempted to smuggle through the Legislature a bill to protect the mere fancy amusements of gen tlemen, and that while every thinking man was looking with anxiety on the sufferings and priva tions of millions, is really indecent. We can only hope that every form of the House will be made use of to keep this outrageous bill where it stood on Wednesday—at clause I—till Parliament breaks up. Such a reactionary Parliament as this needs not to all Its sins of negation of good, the positive sin of enactin g evil. The Rome Secretary while perceiving, on Wed. nesday, that it was useless to resist going into com. mittee, rehearsed with great force the priiacipa arguments which bad been used against the second reading, and Mr. w . FORSTER and Lord HENLEY thought it their duty to divide the House against going into committee. Mr. WALTER pressed it on the unreasoning obstinate s to leave such a serious matter in the hands of Government to deal with in a subsequent Session. All in vain. The country worthies, under the redoubtable leadership of Sir B. LEIGHTON, had brought up d majorit y of ninety are sor ry to say, to do as they pleased, and, we the Government and the Liberals generally were cot at hand to prevent the House from thus disgra c i ng The Oppo s i t i on itself in the eyes of the count r y . by their treat- \ displayed pretty well their q uality ment of the honourable member for Brighton. Mr. CONINGHAM—niose, tu mull - , and exclamations being their only answer, to what indeed no wir, much less theirs, could find an answer. The fact on which we insisted last Wednesday was well brought out by Sir G. GREY, that this is nothing else than a lull to encourage unreasonable game presereing ; what is asked, he remarked, was that Parliament should give additional powers to police, in order that gentlemen might, towards the end of the season, have the pleasure of reading in the papers that they and their friends has in two or three days, killed 7,000 or 8,000 head of game. No doubt of it. And, for this a " law of Suspects" must be introduced into the counties—the county pollee must be doublet!, if not quadrupled, till police gangs area match for the poaching gangs —the county rates must be swelled till the national ezehequer would at last be appealed to, aria a ll that game preservers may amuse themselves by two cr three day s ' pheasant murdering per annum . Sir JOSF.pg p ArroN, who could speak, as we ear, from no little practical knowledge, told the House that gamekeepers were a very unpopular class, not only with peasants but with tenant farmers, and that to associate policemen with them would be to bring on the latter the odium now borne by the former. He, and all the speakers who dared to utter the truth in the teeth of mime noise end clamour, told the House the undoubted truth, A that the the evil lay in the preservation of game, and 1 the facilities afforded by railways of conveying 1 them to town. What we need, though u . ? do not ask it, is that, if legislation there is to be, it should be to regulate preserving, and to require also of those who practise it, conditions which should pre vent its becoming an agricultural nuisance, and an allurement to crime. Kindred with this view, and with some re marks we made upon it on Wednesday, was the observation of Mr. WALTER respecting one kind of game. He observed of the 2d clause that it was still " more objectionable, because it rendered all tradesmen who sold game liable to have their books searched by the police. Such a provision would be intolerable in its operation, and it might be as well applied to fishmongers and poulterers as to persons who sold game. It appeared to him that the first thing the House had to do was to decide what was game. He thought it should be treated as private property, and he believed the country generally would acquiesce in that view, as far, at all events, as the most important portion of English game— pheasants—was concerned. It was difficult to understand how pheasants could be considered Jere naturce. Gamekeepers knew them by their names—Ca laugh)—they came when called,. and there was in all respects a broad ,distinction be tween them and rabbits and snipes, Which lived upon what might be termed the natural plunder of the land." So true is Mr. lv ALTERS' remark that the phea sant is strictly a gallinaceous bird, and though generally shy enough it frequently associates with our barn-door fowl, and breeds with iour -comm on hens. Its habits also are far more lo cal than those of other game. It will not readily leave its roost ing place for any great distance, perhaps never if the cover be good, water near, arid it is well supplied with food. There is doubtless a broad distinction between the pheasant and even the partridge; while as to snipes, woodcocks, and birds of passage, it is infamous to call them even Rabbits and hares are sim plecultural district, and h a v e not ‘ q ' nvael vermin fi m e i d n p i n r o a p n e r a t y g the slightest claim to specially protective laws. We do not know but that if country squires could be come reasonable, a fair compromise might be effected by repealing all the game laws, and declaring pheasants, when fairly localised and protected, to be property. Neither the farmer nor the villager would generally interfere with partridges, they certainly would not under a good landlord. The four-legged game have no right to protection. Pheasants would, in general, be easily recognised as property, and then pheasant stealers would not be more numerous than fowl stealers. At the came time, as Sir G. GREY well observed, although the judges punish theft, yet. if it has been committed on property unduly exposed the judges condemned the practice. This judicial condemnation is the condemnation of nearly every game preserver in the kingdom. He " leads men into temptation," and then bitterly hates and punishes those whom he has tempted. Good is almost always the result of the adoption of that very simple and rational means of extrica tion from the difficulties of an alternative, known familiarly as—splitting the difference. Precisely an intermediate course of this character has but just now been opened up to view in connection with what was until only the other day the difficulty in carrying out of the scheme of the Thames Embank ment. That that scheme is absolutely to be car ried out in its integrity is, as we have not only had the satisfaction of knowing, but the additional satisfaction of announcing to be the fact—defini tively decided. From Blackfriars-bridge to West minster -bridge, the north embankment is to be carried forward uninterruptedly. There is to be tolerated no divergence whatever. The north bank of the Thames, between the two points indicated, is to be faithfully followed throughout. Wherever the river winds between Blackfriars-bridge and Westminster -bridge, there the north embankment will wind as well. Neither Whitehall-gardens or the Temple-gardens, or any other gardens, neither the Duke of BUCCLEUCH or Mia HORSMAN, or provoking though it be to stumble into the slang of the day, we must needs add here—any other man, can be allowed to interrupt the straightforward course resolved upon in this matter alike by the legislature and by the administration. Side streets branching away northwards from the main thoroughfare of this Northern Embankment, there will be of course in abundance. Several of these new streets—leadin, from the river-bank into the Strand, into Fleet street, or into Parliament-street, accordingly as may appear to be most advisable. Several othel s of course being prolongations a little further south wards of side streets already in existence. But—it i s n ow (we cannot but think) ingeniously suggested that at the very point in regard to which there was all this stormy discussion of late, both in the House and out of the House, there should be—we were going to say a slight divergence from the line take n b y the broad roadway of the Embankment. We ought rather to say, however, that that line instead of being allowed merely to sweep round that northern curve of the river, near the eastern corner of Whitehall Gardens, should also be carried very nearly straight onward into Parliament-street. So that the result would be that the principal roadway would, from that part of the route, be forked— like the upper part of the letter Y. The Embankment would be there still in its in tegrity. But—as the line of it approaches its termination at Westminster the traffic would be relieved, greatly to the public advantage, we be lieve, as well as to the undoubted convenience of residents in the locality, by a sort of auxiliary roadway, carrying at the very least a clear moiety of it right onward into Parliament street. Not at an angle, observe—not by turning off abruptly to the right, as in the °id streets leading into the Strand —Surre y -street, Norfolk- street , E. se x-street, and so forth. But in the easie s t, the most conveniently graduated man ner possibl e b y • Just allowing the line taken by the embankm ent up to that point to be carried for ward, with perh aps the faintest deflection towards the right, until the br anc h roa d wa y we are writing o f debouches into Parliacient• street. The new road waye thus suggested would " trend" naturally to wards Parliament -street. It would in a manner insinuate i tself into Parliament -street. It would ebaosuenadllwtchs wa e t heavir class of vehi c l es that might be rds to destinations on t he Middlesex side of the rive r from the I nconvenience o f f ollowing that awkward an d to them worse than useless curve alluded to. Ever y thin g gong of the Thames alre ad y to Palace-y ar d , to the Houses, or towa rds the Abbey, i Park, the Victori a in fact—everything going to the Station, and to other localit ies in the like direc ti on , would find the branch-road now sugg" ted the greatest possible advantage. At any rate the notion of this improve ment upon an improvement is quite mani festly worth taking seriously iato COll - Its advantage to the public, to the traffic, to the locality, to the embankment itself, must, upon the first mention of it, be sufficiently manifest. We say, among other t hin g s, its advan, tags to the Embankment itself. f'thikUtiet blink. little traffic along that Ernel'rutk" little furthei Qn, a removing them, as are now already perceptible, as it were in perspective, will be allowed to pass by without, in each instance, that good, at least, result ing from those two on-coming opportunities ! When the completion of the New Houses of Parliament and the final opening of new Westminster bridge, and the eventual carrying out of the great enterprize of the Thames Embankment shall have combined to secure the adornment, thus superbly, of that portion of our metropolis westward of Parliament-street, we do not con ceive that the then Chief Commissioner can do otherwise than complete the good work in that direction, by carting away as mere lumber the block of houses in Parliament-street already indicated. Again, when the period does at length come, as come we may rest assured it un questionably will, and that before very much longer, when London shall have among its public buildings a Palace of Justice worthy of sheltering under roof-beams the accumulated courts re presenting the Majesty of the Laws of Eng land—then will arrive that other opportunity ! For the site of the future Palace of Justice has already been decided upon and marked out. Namely, between Clement's-inn and Carey-street and Chancery-lane and Lincoln's-inn Fields. A mere ugly dirty jumble of back streets nowadays. 'Then—when the Palace of Justice has been built there—necessitating, among other local changes for the better, the razing to the ground that Middle Row of ours in the Strand, the disappearance of which will render Holywell-street no more than an unpleasant memory in the records of the English capital, as much of a mere unpleasant memory as Alsatia or the Marshalsea Happily the " Union Relief Aid Bill " is one which party ingenuity dares not attempt to convert into a weapon for itself. Interests may speak, and opinions may honestly differ, and it is desirable that every side of the difficulty should be looked at, and this was the character of the discussion of last night. Several speakers were earnest, none dog matic, but all felt that the representatives of the manufacturing districts had special claims to be heard ; and prominent among these was Mr_ COB DEN hinaelf. Mr. BOUVERIE was, perhaps, the only speaker who seemed not fully to realise the greatness of the emergency. On this point, how ever, the whole country is of but one opinion. Even if it were possible that the com mon opinion could be an exaggeration, the clear possibility, rather likelihood of the worst anticipaticms being true, demands anticipatory legis lation. If intolerable pressure on the rates be yet non-existent, its near approach is, we may say, cer tain. If it does net come, the bill can do no harm —if it does its necessity will be apparent enough. Mr. HENLEY, however, sticks to the Act of ELIZABETH throughout. He modifies now, indeed, his demand that a parish should be literally bank rupt before it seeks a rate in from other parishes, and asks that aid shall be given only when a certai❑ amount of rating has been reached, say ss, or 7s. in the pound- The Government proposes that the standard shall be, the rate exceeding by two thirds the average rate of the last three years. This is just a point to be carefully considered in committee, as it doubtless will be. It is easy to perceive that much may be said on both sides. Mr. COBDEN showed that the absurdity of Mr. HENLEY'S imagined case of a parish obtaining aid while its rates only amounted to ls. Bd. in the pound was not so great as might appear at first sight; since the lowness of the rate might be due to the operatives having been all well em ployed, whilr. the fact of employment ceasing would render the whole property of the parish at once unproductive, and therefore incapable of paying a rate. A parish of cotton mills, with the mills stopped, is in the position of an agricultural parish in which the whole of the land has been smitten with sterility. The manufacturing members seemed all to be in favour of authorising parishes to mortgage the rates of th e parish for a loan, an d we are p l ease d to see th at the G t a nce to co m bi net opinion that they di d not clash, first mention o h v is er p ri l m an en w t it n h o' t x he s i h r o o w w s n n . o rFerluocm the of the t wo plans, we expressed our and that it wou ld be an advantage to offer different modes of Meeting in very different circumstances. the more W e think of it ? while we vita agr ee _„ , • ze dng these difficulties t o parishes which might TRH SUN 10"41)(rit„ FRIG PWEN.ENG, JULY 25, 1862. ment will meet the parallel currents of the traffic flowing to and fro across Westminster -bridge, between Suirey and Middlesex. And this at a part of the route that, among all parts of it, would be about the most frequented probably by loungers, sight-seers from the country, and observant foreigners—gathering there in clusters perpetually to obtain that picturesque view down the river towards Somerset House, St. Paul's Cathedral, the Towers of JULITIS, and all the motley church towers and church spires beautifying the great city. Or that still more picturesque view up the river, towards Old Lambeth Palace on the opposite bank—or, immediately before the chance observer, the grandest architec tural achievement of our generation, the magnificent Palace of the Legislature, backed by the venerable pile of the noble old Abbey. On every account, but more particularly on account of the manifest advantages it would secure to the public by relieving the traffic along the Embank ment at that part of its route, at that turn of the river, we cannot but hope that the suggestion which has thus been thrown out will be looked to in all its bearings before the idea of its adoption be finally discarded. Not that we conceive the possibility of its being discarded when it comes to be examined. It is too good an idea not to result in something in "he way of a practical improvement. There are three blocks of houses in London that if razed to the ground and swept away as so much rubbish would, by the mere fact of their removal make the reputation of any First Commissioner. They are three monstrous eyesores and obstructions. They each of them stand midway in one of our prin cipal thoroughfares. One of them in this way raises its unsightly barrier in the centre of the Strand. Another occupies the middle of Parliament-street, and that too at its south-western extremity. The third is a hideous structure, we might say a hideous stricture, familiar (and long since by this familiarity contemptible) to the majority of Londoners half way along Holborn. If the French EMPEROR could but give us a taste of his quality as an improver of capitals, we should not have much longer to wait for the carting away of these three horrible stacks of rubbish—Middle Row, Holborn—the block of houses at the west end of Parliament street—and that inconvenient portion of the north side of the Strand, having its back to Holloweli-street and its extremities adorned by St. Mary-le-Strand and St. Clement Danes. Again and again there has been a talk of removing Middle-row, Holborn. The time of its downfall has been fixed repeatedly, only, as repeatedly at its mere approach, to be postponed. In spite of which reiterated postponement, we still rest satisfied that, sooner or later, come the actual date of its removal will. As to the two other mid-street obstructions, the probable periods of their eventual removal may, we presume, be readily enough conjectured. We cannot believe that two such opportunities for with the principle of the rate in aid, the better we like that also of a parish meeting its difficulties through its own credit. The pride of independence is as honourable in parishes as in individuals. Besides, there is a peculiarity in this calamity. Mr. COBDEN justly observed that it was not caused by anything like a blight, such as destroyed the wines at Madeira, or a servile war threatening to nut an end to the cultivation of cotton ; for such a n a h t found.ofthings a natural remedy would soon have Other countries would have known was no danger of a sudden no beenstt ae tthere re opening of the American supply rendering their labours useless ; and India and other cotton produc ing districts would soon have made good the de ficiency. As the case stood the war might be brought to an end, and the American supply of I 3,000,000 or 4,000,000 bales flow in, reversing at once the position of Lancashire and of Indian cotton growers. To such a thoroughly exceptional state of things es this—a calamity which we all hope will be temporary—the principle of mortgaging future prosperity seems to be fairly applicable. As the bill has been, however, hardly 48 hours before us, we wait to see the matured opinions of those who will be directly affected by it. At present Lancashire seems rather to lean to loans on the se curity of the rates. LAT Esr NEWS. PARIS, JULY 25. The Illoniteur of this morning publishes a decree, levying supplementary dues on certain chemicals of Belgian and English origin. These dues are to be paid independently of the Customs duties stipu lated by the treaties of commerce. The articles and the dues to be levied upon them are as follows :—caustic soda, 14f. ; bicarbonate and silicate of soda, 7f. ; hidrate of soda, 3f. 5 )c.; albu minate of soda, 7f. ; hypo sulphate of soda, 3f. ; crystallised acetate of soda, 3f. Another decree orders that, until the Ist of January, 1863, the above-mentioned articles of French origin, will, on exportation, have the benefit of drawbacks fixed at the same sum as the duties imposed on similar Belgian and English products. LISBON, JULY 24. The Portuguese loan of 125 millions has been fully covered. PARIS, JULY 25. The Paris papers of to-day publish the following telegram : " RAGUSA, JULY 24. " The Turks lost about 3,000 men in the battles of Friday and Saturday last. " Omar Pasha is fortifying the line of Bjelo paulovitch as a base for his operations. " On the 21st inst. the Turks attacked Sijaratz, where the Montenegrins made a vigorous resist- ance." PARIS, JULY 24, The Esprit Public of this evening says : " General Forey takes with hits; special instruc tions as to the past or future positions of those Mexican Generals who may have joined our army. Measures are, above all, to be adopted with regard to General Almonte, who has not maintained the reserve which his exceptional situation prescribed. Independently of disavowing the injurious proceed ings of Almonte, General Forey is authorised entirely to withdraw our intervention in his favour. No engagement has been made with Almonte. The character of the expedition needs to be plainly brought before the Mexican population. In case of the formation of a provisional Government in Mexico, the question would arise of the expediency of removing from the capital all those members of the army who represent isolated parties, and whose presence might recall political or military dis sensions, which the French flag can neither support nor defend." The Paris evening papers announce that Admiral Jurien de la Graviere embarked for Mexico on the 23d inst., on board the frigate Normandie. TURIN, JULY 24. To-day, in the Chamber of Deputies, the Minister of Justice presented, amid great ap plause, a Bill against the excesses and abuse of power on the part of the clergy• BRUSSELS, JULY 24. The Minister of the Interior to-day announced to the Chamber of Deputies that the Treaty of Commerce between Belgium and England would be communicated to them to-morrow. VIENNA, JULY 24. The Conference now being held at Constanti nople on Servian affairs has, through the foreign Consols at Belgrade, requested the Prince of Servia to respect the inviolability of the Turkish and etakocl 4 of tho Turks* on their ciao would respect the property of the Servians. The Prince has promised to act in conformity with the request of the Conference. The Vienna papers publish the following tele rgam “ItAGUSA, JULY 24, " The Montenegrins, being constantly harassed by the Turks, have called out boys of 12 years of age for military service." COCHIN CHINA. The Patric gives the following outline of the principal clauses in the treaty that has been signed at Saigon, between the French and the Govern ment of Hue : The Emperor of Annam engages to pay a sum of 25,000,000 f. as an indemnity for the expenses of the war. " He also concedes to the French the territory known as Lower Cochin China, forming six of the largest and best provinces of the empire. " He authorises the observances of the Christian religion in all his States, end renews the conces sions in favour of the Christians, made by the Emperor Gia-Loang, from 1778 to 1802. " He grants very important commercial advan tages to the French. " He allows a French Envoy to reside at Hue, , accredited to the Emperor Tu-Dne and his suc- cessors. " He concedes to the French the right of settling and holding property throughout the Empire of Annam." RUSSIA. The official Russian journal, the Northern Post, gives an account of the reforms accomplished or in progress since the Crimean war. The principal are as follows :—Liberation of the serfs; reform of the financial system and publicity given to the State Budget; shortening of the duration of military service; remodelling of the old laws of judicial procedure; reorganisation of the municipalities ac cording to more liberal principles; the conditions of existence of the press and literature rendered easier; popular education extended and amelio rated ; and the system of telegraphic and railway communication exceedingly extended from the vigorous activity with which the works are carried on. ITALY. The Italian journals publish the following letter as having been addressed by Garibaldi to the Hun garian legion : " Palermo, 16th July. "M y dear friends,--I am grieved at your un merited position, and will do everything I possibly can for you. Italy and noble Hungary are for ever united by bonds indissolubly connected on the battle field of liberty, and if any evil-disposed person refuses to admit the claims to such a frater nity, the Italian nation will never forget what it owes to its brave Hungarian brethren. Do not accuse ra y poor country for the unjust measure which has been taken against you. I do not despair of shortly sharing with you some fatigues for the a dvantage of the sacred cause of nations, and pro bably sooner even than you think. Consider me for life as your brother." POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION.—An interesting ad dition has been made to the already varied collection of this institution. A model, planned to scale, is now on view of the pit shaft and the yard seam of the Hartley Colliery, of such melancholy notoriety for the catastrophe which took place a few months ago, resulting in the loss of some 200 lives. The model shews the workings in the seam, and the posi tion of the 199 men and boys who were killed ; it also gives a represen . ation of the shaft as closed with the broken timber and other debris after the fall of the beam ; the pumps, brattice, and cages; and the working parties in the high main and shaft recovering the men who were in the cage at the time of the accident. The constructer of the model, Mr. Thomas Cousins, of New Hartley, who himself had two sons killed by the accident, and rendered valuable assistance on the occasion, is in daily attendance to give any explanations that may be required. The correctness of the model is certified by Dir. Carr, the manager of the mine, REMORSE AND ATTEMPTED SUICIDE.—Mary Ann Williamson, a young woman, attired in new and rather costly apparel and wearing a hat and feathers, was brought before Mr. Selfe, charged with attempting to commit self destruction in the eastern lock or entrance of the London Dock. James Smith, a Thames police-constable, No. 79, stated that last night, or rather this morning, at half-pact twelve o'clock. his attention was called to the prisoner, who was on the swivel bridge over the lock in Shadwell. She was get ting over the rails of the bridge. He rushed to the spot and caught her as she was going over the bridge, in fact he pulled her back by the legs, and conveyed her to the sta tion-house. She was intoxicated. The prisoner, whose dialect indicated that she was from the North, and who was very pale and ill, said she was not drunk, but was very unhappy indeed. Mr. Selte—What made you attempt suicide? The prisoner—l met a gentleman last night who knew me when I was a servant. He took me in his arms, and said he was very sorry to find that I was leading this life. What he said made me cry, and I was very low-spirited. That made me do it. Mr. Selfe—Yes, you attempted to commit a most sinful act. The prisoner—What am I to do ? Mr. Selfe—Lead an honest and virtuous life, and earn your bread by your labour—not by leading the life of a harlot, You have lately commenced the lite of a prostitute? The prizonc , -Yca, air, since last Wednesday week, Mr. Selfe—Where do you live? The prisoner---I am in lodgings iu the Commercial-road, near the George. He promised to send me home again. Mr. Selfe—Where is your home ? The prisoner—From Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Mr. Selfe—Who brought you here ? The prisoner—A gentleman on board the Indiana in the West India Dock. He has promised to send me home again, if he don't, I must remain on the streets. Mr. Selfe—You had better go home directly. Have you any friends ? The prisoner (despondingly)—No, no sir. No friends, no brothers, no sisters I Mr. Selfe--What is the gentleman onboard the Indiana? The prisoner—He is the mate, sir. I hope you will look over it. I won't do this again. I will not, indeed. Let me gl, sir. Mr. Selfe—Where do you intend going ? The prisoner—To my 14 dging. Mr. Selfe—Go about your business. Return to New castle and to honest servitude. The prisoner—lf he does any good for me I will stop here. The prisoner then left the dock. MARKETS-THIS DAY. The Oriental Inland Steam Company's boat Sutlej left Kotree on the 9th May for Ferazepore, where she arrived on the 4th June. This is the first instance of the river Sutlej having been navigated by a ;team vessel for so long a distance, and the performance is hailed as a great success throughout the Punjab, eillezially for a first voy age, with green wood for fuel, and the channels to learn. The Sutlej took up the first arrival of commissariat beer for this year, and the whole of the beer is reported to have been delivered in first-rate condition, there not being a single bad cask on board.--(Bengal Eurkaru, June 16 .) —The Sutlej has since left Ferozepore with a full downward cargo. Another vessel belonging to the Orient al Inland St ea m Company was launchel yesterday after noon from their premises at Garden Retch. Every preparation for the event had been made by the superintendent, and at the appointed hour the launch took place without any hitch. The Ganges is the nime of this last addition to their fleet, and from appearances we judge her to be ad mirably suited for the inland trade. She possesses great carrying capacity, and her engines are constructed with a special regard to the occasional need of great power. The Soane, despatched up c =try &me time since, has an swered admirably the expectations formed of her. This com pany realty deserve every encouragement; and if energy and perseverance command success, as it invariably does, we have no hesitation in saying they must succeed eventually. The system of articulated barges will have a fair trial, and its success or non-success must shortly be confirmed beyond question.—Bengal Hurkaru, 14th Jllll6. THE DEAD ON THE FIELD OF BATTLE.—The dif ferent postures of the dead always strike a spectator as he passes over the battle-field. One lay on his back, with his arms stretched upward at length; another with his head plunged into a pool of mud and water, having evidently died slaking his thirst; and a third lay partly on the bank and partly in the water of a creek, having been shot in cros , ing, and died clutching the twigs and bushes of the opposite bank. One, shot through the head, had made himself a bed of leaves, and lay down, drawing his blanket and overcoat about him. His uniform and face betokened an officer of rank. All of the above were of the Yankee slain. During Tuesday night those engaged in carrying the Confederate wounded from the field could not use their lanterns, as every flicker from them was sure to draw the fire of the Yankees. Nothing was to be found on this portion of the field but killed and wounded Yankees, and their guns and knapsacks. A mute, and, to Virginians, a very interesting story, was told by these knapsacks. Upwards of 300 of them belonged to the famous New York 7th Regiment, who were once so feasted and fondled in this city. If a remnant of them return to the Empire City, they may say with truth that on Virginian soil they were appropriately welcomed on the occasion of both their visits as friends and as foes."— Richmond Examiner. THE EXECUTION OF CsiAvoNE.—ln,a letter from Rome, dated the 15th of July, and published in the Temps, the writer says :—I was right in announcing last week the death of Chiavone, as that chief and two of his lieutenants were shot by order of Tristany. An officer of the Royalist bands, who was I resent at the execution, gives the following details :—Tristany had for some time past been supported by Ulloa, Minister of 'War, in his pretensions against Chia vone. This latter, angry, and without resources, broke forth into tnenetceo. The two bodies of trooro joined rs order to effect an operation. One night, at Trisalti, Tris tany caused h's adversary to be arrested. A council of war was improvised; some of the companions of Chiavone de posed that he had formed the plan of seizing upon Tristany. Chiavone was, in consequence, condemned to death, and with him a man named Teti, and a third, whose name I have forgotten. The execution took place at eight in the morning, four hours after the arrest. Chiavone asked for five minutes to say a few prayere. Teti gave the signal for firing, after having hurled imprecations against the Spaniards, Borges, and Tristany, against foreigners in general, and against the Minister Ulloa That is the ac count given, and I believe it to be exact. A past of the Neapolitan emigrants are furious. They say that the partisans of Ulloa are traitors—that the Ministers deceive the King. Lastly, there is a frightful discord in the Royal camp. The different factions would willingly use their knives on each other. Ulloa never goes out unaccompanied. Suspicious.looking people are hovering round the Farnese alace. All this has the look of the beginning of the end. The King is at Albano. He expressed the desire that the young Count de Caserta, who was to go with the Queen- Mother to Germany, should remain to keep him company, to which Don Alfonso acceded. They are visited daily by the officers of the Quirinal and by some young Roman princes, among whom is the Pamphily Doria. ELECTIONS DURING THE RECESS.--The follow ing is a copy of a bill just brought into the House of Commons by Mr. Colling, Mr. Dodson, and Mr. Hennessy, to further limit the time of proceeding to elections during the recess:—" Whereas by the Act of the 10,h Geo. 111., chap. 41, subsequently repealed, but re-enacted and ex tended, the Speaker was enabled to issue his warrant to fib up vacancies during recess in certain cases, after giving 14 days' notice in the London Gazette; and whereas the spread of news had become more rapid since the year 1770 ; and whereas unnecessary delay in proceeding to election is conducive to corrupt practices ; be it enacted by the Queen's most excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords spiritual and temporal, and Commons in this present parliament assembled, and, by the authority of the same, as follows :-1. That in the cases provided for by the 24th Geo. 111., chap. 26, the act of the 52d Geo. 111., chap. 154, the act of the 21st and 22d Vic., chap. 110, the Speaker shall issue his writ seven instead of 14 days after he has notified in the Gazette that he has received the certificates prescribed by the said acts, and the said acts shall be so construed as if seven and not 14 days' notice had been originally insertedin the said acts, and this act and the said acts shall be construed and read together.' SINGULAR SUICIDE OF A FOREIGN GENTLE srAN.—Yetterday morning an inquiry was made at the Town of Ramsgate Tavern, High-street, Wapping, re specting the death of a gentleman unknown, supposed to be a German, who committed suicide on Monday evening last, under the following singular circumstances :—Anne Howe, of 4, Pier-place, said that about ten o'clock she went out for the supper beer, and near the Wapping-bridge she noticed a gentleman walking in the middle of the road tipsy. He came up to her and asked her to walk with him, and pulled her about very roughly. She resisted and had some difficulty in getting away from him, when she ran over the bridge. She heard him following her, and when he got to the middle of the bridge he stopped, and she saw him deliberately jump over the parapet into the water, She gave an alarm and the drags were procured. She did not know who deceased was, but he talked like a foreigner and had the appearance of one. Corroborative testimony was given, and it was stated that deceased was very well dressed in a tweed suit, with blue silk cravat, spring boots, and that his linen was marked "L. K. M." All efforts to trace the identity of the deceased had been in effectual. The Jury returned a verdict of " Suicide while in a state of intoxication." PATRIOTISII.—An American Editor thus dis tinguishes botween different sorts of patriotism :—" Some esteem it sweet to die for one's country; others regard it sweeter to live for one's country; but most of our patriots held it sweeter still to live upon one's country." THE HEALTH OF THE HON. MRS. YELVERTON.— The public generally will be gr!eved, though not surprised, at learning that, since the extraordinary decision of Lord Ardmillan in the Yelverton mariiago case, the unhappy victim of it has been confind toher bed in Crawford's Hotel in this city. The shock of that unexpected decision was too much for the delicate nervous system of a lady who pre vious to it had been called upon co endure and suffer so much at the hands of her unworthy husband, and the pro babilities are that for a considerable time she will not be able to leave ler sick room. In making this announcement we are at the same time happy to add that the amount of sympathy shown towards Mrs. Yelverton, since the deci sion, has been at once large and cordial, many of the best of our citizens, ladies and gentlemen, having called at her lodgings to solace her and encourage her in her determina tion to have justice done her. Numerous presents, some them of a very handsome character, have, we understand, reached her from sympathisers here and in the sister coun tries, the _object of the donors being to enable her, now that it is believed her own fortune must be almost ex hausted in litigation, to defend her character and vindicate her rights in the highest law courts of the kingdom , — : Caledonian Mercury. POLICE-THIS DAY. MARLBOROUGH-STREET. ROBBERY AND ASSAULT ON A BUTLER.—THE OLD BOTTLE DODGE•—Tbomas Wilsc.n, a rough fellow, was charged with stealing a bronze bust, the property of Mr. Thomas Eyre, 27, Brook-street,• Hanover-square, some articles, including a cross, the property of Susette Colomb, and also with assaulting . Wm. Sedgley, butler to Mr. Eyre. The butler said that on the previous afternoon, seeing the door of the housekeeper's room open, and suspecting that some person had entered from the area, he entered it, and found the prisoner secreted behind the door. On ask ing him what he wanted, he said, " I want Mr. Jackson ; he lives here, don't he ?" He told the prisoner that he did not, and that he believed he was there for what he could get. He then seized the prisoner and had a severe struggle with him, the prisoner giving I , im a severe blow on the nose. The prisoner then dragged him up the area steps, and tried to kick him down and to throw him from the top to the bottom. The prisoner then made his escape, but was secured by Mr. Eyre and others and taken into the hall, where the property was found on him. Sergeant Smith, 1 C, said he found some of the articles on the prisoner, who said he went down the area to buy old bottles. Susette Colomb, the ladysmaid to Miss Eyre, identified a cross and other articles as her property. The prisoner, who said he was there and took the things by accident, was committed for trial, but will be brought up again. THE SORT OF FELLOWS WHO HAVE BEEN VISITING VALL-MALL.—Roberts and Anderson, the two fellows charged with loitering in Pall-Mall for the purpose of committing a felony,were brought up for final examination. Mr. Hannant, superintendent of the C division, attended to watch the case. Mr. Knox said the prisoners were remanded for wit nesses to character. Sergeant Franklin, 20 E, said he could give one of the prisoners, Anderson, a character. He had known Ander son S or 9 years, and was present at Bow-street when he was convicted and sentenced to 3 months. He had him himself for felony at Bow-street, when he was again sen tenced to 3 mouths. At Clerkenwell he was charged with felony at Highgate and sentenced to 3 months, and a month for assaulting the officer ; and at the Middlesex Sessions he had 3 years' penal servitude, and he believed had not long been at large. Inspector West, F division, knew him as the constant companion of thieves and a suspected person. Mr. Knox committed them for 3 months each. DISPUTED CAB FARE.—Mr. Zadoc Jessel, diamond mer chant, of 1, Savile-row, was summoned by Fredk. Smith, badge 9,714, for refusing to pay his fare— the sum in dis pute being 6d. After the cabman had stated his case, the defendant made his statement, to the effect that the cabman could not have gone the distance in the time. Mr. Knox said that alogether depended upon the state of the streets—whether they were crowded or not—as some- Units a man would be half an hour going the same dis tance that at other times would only take him half the time. Defendant—Oh, he couldn't have done it. Mr. Knox—That is mere luck. It is a case of such very nice calculation between you and the cabman that I think you had better pay the 6d. The defendant was then ordered to pay the disputed 6d., 4s. for two summonses, and sa. for the cabman's loss of time in attending the court on two occasions. THAMES. MARK LANE. The show of samples of English wheat on sale here io day was very small. Owing to the fineness of the weather the trade was in a sluggish state for all qualities, yet no change took place in prices, compared with Monday. We were fairly supplied with foreign wheat. In most descriptions a fair retail business was transacted, and the quotations were steadily supported. Floating cargoes of grain were in moderate request at late rates. Barley—the supply of which was very moderate—met a steady sale at full quotations, Malt changed hands to a moderate extent on former terms. The oat trade was very firm, and prices had an upward tendency. Beans and peas changed hands at the extreme rates of Monday. Both English and foreign flour moved off steadily al quite previous rates. ARRIVALS THIS WEEK. Wheat. Barley. Malt. Oats. Flour. •• .. 510 i 40 2460 9) ' 320 sacks. Irish.. - 18,450 4,170 9,830 137,10 Ws. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL. Fair average supplies of meat are on sale here. Good and prime qualities move off slowly, at about previous quotations; otherwise, the trade is dull, at drooping prices. Per 81b. by the carcase. SU sd\ s d s d Inferior beef .. 2 10 3 0 Middlingmutton 4 9 4 4 Nliddling do. 32 3 6 Prime do .. 46 4 8 Frime large do. 3 8 4 0 Vaal .. 3 8 4 8 Do. small do. .. 4 2 4 4 Small pork d . 4 8 5 0 Large pork 40 4 6 „amb Inferior mutton. 3 6 3 10 BOROUGH HOP. The accounts from the plantations are more favourable. For good and fine hops the demand is still somewhat active, at fully the late advance in prices. Inferior samples are a slow sale; nevertheless, the currencies rule firm. Mid and East Kents.. 130 s to 175 s per cwt. Weald of Keats .. 130 s 145 s „ Sussex llss 140 s ~ COLONIAL. TEA.—There has been only a limited business transacted, but prices are well maintained for all descriptions. SUGAR.—A moderate demand has been experienced for good grocery qualities for home consumption, at about pre vious quotations, and incerior descriptions have slightly advanced in prices. Refined goods have been at enhanced quotations. COFFEE.—Colonial descriptions have remained in fair request, and plantation Ceylon commands f ull rate rates. othr qualities have been in moderate demand , at steady RicE.—For the better qualities of East lnuia here. has been a more active demand, and late prices are, in most in stances, well supported. SALTPETRE —Business has been inactive, and the few bargains repotted have been mostly at former quotations. TALLOW.—The demand has improved for present de livery, and prices have tended upwards. F.Y.C., on the spot is quoted 49s 3d to 49s 6d, and lazt three months' de livery sus 6d to 50s 9d per cwt. - _ THE DISTRESS IN THE COTTON DISTRICTS.— The board of directors of the Yorkshire Railway have re solved on recommending the shareholders to apportion the munificent sum of £5,000 to the Lancashire relief fund. VESSELS CAPTURED RUNNING THE BLOCKADE. —A statistical return from New York shows that from the date of the American blockade in May, 1861, the number of British and other vessels captured by the United States ,squadron for running the blockade was 102. The Circas • sian is the most important capture; her value is appraised at 1,500,000. PETTY CHARGES ON COMMERCE. The following is the Report of the Select Com mittee appointed to consider the best mode of ob taining statistical information respecting the foreign trade of the United Kingdom, and the bearing thereon of the charges imposed on the entry of goods inwards, and on bills of lading outwards, by the Customs Act of 1860, as well as the operation of the said charges upon trade "In the matters referred your committee have had the advantage of the evidence of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the principal officers of her Majesty's Customs, of an officer of the statistical department of the Board of Trade, of Presidents of Chambers of Commerce, and of other gentlemen representing important classes of the commercial, trading, and shipping interests. " The attention of the committee has been di rected to the present mode of obtaining the com mercial statistics of . the United Kingdom, their general accuracy, value, and cost; to the bearing thereon of the charges imposed on the foreign and colonial trade of the United Kingdom by the Cus- I toms Act of 1860, chiefly for the purpose of obtain- ing more accurate and reliable statistical informa tion; and to the operation of those charges upon the general commerce and trade of the country. " It appears to be the opinion of the principal officers of Customs, gentlemen of great experience, that the system of collecting statistical informa tion has been improved by the operation of those charges, and the only further improvement sug gested by them consists in their extended applica tion. It seems to be admitted that perfect accuracy is unattainable, but they maintain that the existence of a charge, graduated with reference to the quan tity of the goods imported, affords them facilities for obtaining this information from the importers, and for correcting inaccurate entries, which they would not otherwise possess. " On the other hand, it appears to be the unani mous opinion of the mercantile witnesses, supported by the evidence of Mr. Edwards, the collector of Customs at the port of Liverpool, that these charges have proved useless for securing accurate statistics.. It was further shown by the officers of Customs that ou all dutiable articles the charge on goods inwards was unnecessary for statistical purposes, while on imports, otherwise duty free, information as to quantities was mainly obtainable from the im porters. The mercantile witnesses agreed that, owing to the fractional, complex, and uncertain character of the units of entry on most important classes of merchandise, the difficulty of an approach to accuracy has been increased rather than dimi nished ; that the is. 6d. stamp is in no wise con ducive to greater care or accuracy as to returns of quantities or values exported, and that the produc tion of shipping bills or Customs bills of lading and ship's manifest can be obtained by other means. " As to the operation of these charges upon the trade and commerce of the country, the testimony of the mercantile witnesses was unanimous in de scribing them as obstructive, vexatious, expensive, and unequal. "In regard to the charge on imports your com mittee refer to the valuable evidence of the Chancel lor of the Exchequer as to the reasons for its impo sition, and to the practical experience of its work. ing, which have induced the distinct declaration teem him that the principle of this tax may be con sidered as abandoned. " On reference to the tariff of units of entry de livered in by the chairman of Customs it will be seen that it contains a greater number of items for taxa tion than the national tariff, the detrimental opera tion of this second tariff being still further increased by any variation in its items which may be made from time to time, thereby exercising a plejudicial effect upon the general commerce of the country ; and in regard to the ls. 6d. stamp on ex?orts it appears by the evidence given on behalf of the im portant and rising ports of Southamrpton and Hull that it presses with considerable severity on all the smaller items of our rapidly increasing commerce by steam transit; while at the same time there exists great facility for its evasion. " Notwithstanding the annoyances that were, on. all hands, matter of complaint, there was an equal unanimity in the statements as to the able and con ciliatory manner in which the officers of Customs had constantly endeavoured to collect these obnoxi ous rates, the objections being mainly directed. against these small charges on tmde and commerce, rather than to the mode of their collection. " Your committee were unable to obtain any po sitive information as to the total cost of procuring statistical information ; the moneys expended, for this object by the Customs were stated at about £27,000 per annum, and by the Board of Trade at about £4,000 per annum ; but, as these sums represent only salaries paid to the officers and persons employed in this department of statistics, they are obviously a very insufficient measure of the actual cost to the country for this information " According to the last Parliamentary return, the tax on imports yields about £138,000 per annum, and on exports about £13,000 per annum, repre senting in the aggregate an amount altogether in significant, when compared with the trouble, ob struction, and annoyance caused by their imposition. The evidence which Las been obtained fully sus tains the acknowledged principle of sound taxation, that the tax should produce the revenue required. with as little annoyance to the payer as possible. " Your committee are of opinion that these small charges on commerce are unwise and inexpedient, and recommend their abolition. " The chairman of your committee has prepared. an abstract of the evidence affecting the most im portant points referred to your committee, which is appended to their report." INFAMOUS OUTRAGE. We have to record an outrage committed in our neighbourhood during the past week of such a character that we are almost led to doubt whether we are living in a Christiat country and under Queen Victoria, or in some heathen land under a Kaffir or Indian savage chieftain. The particulars are these :—On Tuesday last, a party of most re spectable young females went to bathe on the shore towards Barna. On their return they were assailed by a party of infuriated men and women, who called them every filthy and approbrious name that could. be thought of, pelted them with cow dung, dirt, and mud, threw large stones at them, some of which hit and injured their unresisting victims, [LAI, going from bad to worse, one of the ruffians, hav ing first torn off her hat, seized one of the young ladies by her long black hair, and forcibly wringing it, tried to throw her down. In this he would have speedily succeeded had not the cries of the party brought to their aid a son of Mr. Brooke, of the Erasmus Smith's School, who happened to be fish ing in the neighbourhood, and who bravely at tacked the ruffian band, felled two of them, and so afforded the young women an. opportun ity of escape. Such, however, was the fe . ro . city of soe of the party that they pursued the fugves on the road as far as Vicar's Croft, shouting , yelling, and throwing stones all the way. W e are sorry to learn that sever al parties of the la bourer working in the fields round Mr. O'Hara's house at Barna threw showers of stones at the helpless females as they fled from their cowardly assailan ts. The, only c ause th a t th e y as signed for their infamou s conduct was that they knew some of the parties were Protestants, an& accused them of defiling the waters of the sea, say jog they would never be able to b a th e again them- • se l ves since tainted by Prot es t an t bathing. We h a ve not detailed half the particulars of this shame ful transaction ; but we trust ourpolice magistrates will make an example of any person who may be brought before them c h arge d with an, offence which would disgrace a h ea th en land, and can only tend to drive away the Protestant gentry from our shores, to seek sea-bathing in places wnere the? t‘males of their families are not exposed to such bigoted and brutal attacks.—Galway .Lxpress. COMMERCIAL TAXES OF 1860.—The penny unit of entry charge upon imports, which produced £80,868 in 1860, brought in £138,319 in 1861. There were no al peals to the Commissioners of Customs upon the subject in 1861, and they consider that the inconvenience caused to the mercantile community by this tax has much diminished. Toe Is. 6d. bill of lading stamp, which brought in £30,2 54 iu 1860, produced £43,640 in 1861; it has much increased the accuracy of the export statistics, and acted as a cheep upon shipments made clandestinely without entry, which formerly were numerous. The revenue derived from which t . he charge of a quarter per cent. on warehoused good, was £28,656 in 1860, reached £18,129 in 1861.