The Sun. — London, England, 1862-09-29 00:00:00

LIVES of EMINENT STATESMEN, by THOS. HOOD, Esq., in FUN, every week. row Ready, handsomoly bound in Magenta cloth, gilt, price 4s. 6d. ; post free, 55., the QECOND half-yearly VOLUME of FUN, with k, numerous Engravings b y talented artists, and humor ous Articles by the following distinguished writers : W . B a il e y, Esq. W. S. Gilbert, Esq. W. Barber, Esq. T. flood, Esq. E. L. Blanch ird, Esq. T. S. Jerrold, Esq. G. W. Bridgeman, Esq. ' W. J. Prowse, Esq. F. C. Burnand, Esq. Godfrey Turner, Esq. IL J. Byron, Esq. &c., &c. Once, 80, Fleet-street, London. CRYSTAL PALACE.- ARRANGEMENTS for TO-MORROW (TUESDAY). Open at NINE. Orchestral Band at Great Fountains at Great Organ Performance at Orchestral Band at Admission to all, One Shilling ; Children, Sixpence. CRYSTAL PALACE. -TO - MORROW the GREAT FOUNTAINS and ENTIRE SERIES of WATERWORKS will be displayed at Three o'clock at their fullest height. Should the weather prove showery, visitors can witness the display from the open corridors on the gar den front of the Palace. '.* For full particulars of amusements see first page. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN. This Evening, SATANELLA. Commence at 8. THEATRE-ROYAL, DRTJRY-LANE. This Evening, THE ROUGH DIAMOND. After which, THE RELIEF OF LUC:KNOW. To conclude with THE ARABS OF THE DESERT. A Troupe o f the Beni-Zoug- Zoug. Commence at 7. THEATRE-ROYAL, HAYMARKET. This Evening . , A DAUGHTER TO MARRY. After which, OUR AMERICAN COUSIN. With DUCK HUNTING. And THE GALICIAN FETE. Commence nt 7. NEW THEATRE-ROYAL, ADELPHI This Evening, THE GREEN BUSHES. Followed by THE SHILLING DA.Y. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Thig Eve • TIIN H R E E NI N & E VIr . Weth er T w iI I r'TVo i (Harter to 8, Commence at 7. DOLTS. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. This Evening, PEEP O'DAY. Followed by KILLAR NEY. Conclude with THE COLLEE N BAWN SETTLED AT LAST. Commence at 7. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. This Evening., MAZEPPA. Brilliant Scenes in the Circle. Concluding with a Comic Ballet. Commence at 7. MR. and MRS. CHARLES MATHEWS 41 AT ROME," at Her Majesty's Concert Room, Haymarket, This Evening. Commence at 8. W. S. WOODIN'S CABINET OF CURIOSITIES, Polygraphic Hall, King William-street, Charing-cross. Commence at 8. ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street, Hay , Market. Open every evening for Promenade and Dancing. CANTERBURY HALL.—EVERY EVENING. — Steckel, the great Trapeze performer —Grand Operatic Selec tion as usual —Unsworth, Eugene, and Duley, the great comic trio, dm Commence at 7. THE OXFORD, 6, OXFORD-STREET, EVERY EvE NlNG.—Grand Operatic Selections, with full band and chorus.—The comic performance of Miss Caroline Parkes— Steckel on the Flying Trapeze—The Ethiopian oddities of Rummy, Newcomb, &c. Commence at 7. EXHIBITION OF THE GOLDEN EAGLE, daily ; at Burlington Gallery, 191, Piccadilly. NOTICE. All remittances are, henceforth, to be made to Mr. JOHN CHAPLIN, at The Sun office, 112, Strand, who has been appointed, by the Lord Chancellor, Receiver and Manager of The Sun newspaper, and the outstanding debts due in respect thereof. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, sh. 10m.—Afternoon, sh. 33m, To-MORROW. -Morning, 6h. Om.—Afternoon,' 6h. 28m, ~ `~ n Wit: .; _! . 7 ~s , 42"1191 , . :, : . rye ! ' r j, -71 14 (Or - 4. 'fillt;? ~.' F i 2,.t., ~~; .; c , - 27 ._ , r l~l: (il l'~ ~~ THE SUN. LONDON, MONDAY, SEPT. 29, 1862. The fighting in America is now warm work. It must, indeed, according. to all appearance, be said for M'CLELLAN, that LEE and STONE WALL JACKSON find him a very different man from POPE and M`DOWELL, and apparently different from himself before Richmond. It is not that he has more men, or better men, but he has more authority and a better cause, The Federals evi dently regarded the Confederate attack on Mary land as indicating a design to appropriate that State, and thus to deprive them, in the event of separa tion, of their historic capital, of a river boundary, and of the noble bay of Chesapeake. The battle, in their estimation, became, therefore, one similar to that which the Confederates fought for Richmond and Virginia ; and the Federals appear to have re trieved their honour when fighting on what they regarded as indubitably their side of the Potomac, and repelling invasion. England generally will read of these victories with pleasure. We do not here want to see the slaveholder triumphant. We should like to see him compelled to sue for peace, and to surrender as many States as possible toFreedom: and, would the North but give up its anti-negro policy, we should rejoice to see her carrying liberty to the Gulf of Mexico itself. As she will not, we are still gratified with victories which, we trust, mean the retention of Maryland and other Border States by the Federals when the great division comes, and the consequent emancipa tion of the comparatively few slaves held by them. We must not, however, be too confident yet. The latest news we have, which consists of unofficial accounts of battles from the 15th to the 17th of September inclusive, leaves still another battle to be fought, to decide whether the Confederates must retire to the south of the Potomac, and the Federals remain sole masters of Maryland. By previous ships we received M'CLELLAN'S official account of Sunday the 14th. That, on the word of a truthful soldier, was a • Federal victory. It d rove the Confederates from strong positions at Hagerstown, and left them retreating, INITLELLAN knew not whither. It now appears that they re treated south-west to Sharpsburg, near the river, and the newspaper reports, which are our only source of information Since the 14th, describe M'CLELLAN as having overtaken the Confederates there under LEE,and again en gaged them on Mon day, the 15th. From the same source we learn of a third engagement on Tuesday, th e 16th. No result is mentioned o f the battle o n the Monday ; but in that of Tuesday the Federals for Once took their enemy on the flank, and under Gen era l, HOOKER and PORTER punished them severely. It would appear that the movement of I..xx south-west to Sharpsburg had been made to obtain the co-operation of STONEWALL JACKSON, who had previously crossed the Potomac, and who, while M'CLELLAN was beating LEE, was himself engaged in capturing 6,000 Federals in garrison at Harper's Ferry, just south of the Potomac. By Wednesday the 17th JACKSON had joined LEE, and reinforced him by crossing the river. But M'CLEL LAN had also been reinforced ; and though the Con federates commenced the battle on that day and fought desperately till four p.m., they had at last to retreat, leaving General LONGSTREET and part of his division prisoners in the hands of the Federals. It is this last and fierce battle which is said to have been decidedly in favour of the Federals, although it left another battle nee essary to decide who is to be announced as the final victor. Four days' fight ing has all gone against the invaders of Maryland - -will a its s,„" , fifth day's battle expel them from that , This quLestion will probably t answered by next mail. We confess , allowing for the ee latomary exaggerations after : - SUN, 'LONDON% MONDAY PIVENENG, SEPTEMBER 29, 1862. master would part with. Let a jury of labourers I decide which master pays his labourers best, treats them most like reasonable beings, fur nishes the most well-paid employment, and al together does the most to make it worth a farm labourer's while to do his best to serve him. Let the jury of labourers pronounce on the man whose service they thought it a privilege to enter, and, per contra, thought it most foolish for a labourer to quit. Now, why should not such a farmer have a prize ? Why should he not have a " blue riband ?" Why should he not have a bucolic coat of prize colour, and buttons with a suitable embossing of a portly JOHN BULL and a healthy hat-touching, cheerful-looking swain ? Why should he not go to church or to market in the orders conferred by his peasantry ; his neighbours surely would not titter at him; that would imply that the equals of Mr. DISRAELI'S greencoat would do the same. We will not suppose such jealousy in bucolic natures, or imagine that they could suspect each other of that course of conduct elegantly known as " currying favour." If Mr. WALTER will boldly advertise his prize and its conditions, he will surely do something towards rewarding men surely worthy reward — good masters. We mean, of course, on the Ms- RAELI hypothesis, that " emulation is the origin of all our excellencies," and that it will not do to leave virtue to be its own reward. Perhaps, indeed, we ought to have rather proffered our suggestion to Mr. DISRAELI than to Mr. WALTER, since it is the development of the former's hypothesis. We thought of it, however, for Mr. WALTER, because we are pretty sure it would prose the truth of his argument, that the prize labourer is commonly the servant of one whom no labourer, in his senses, would willingly leave. The servant, in fact, of a prize master. CONFEDERATE PRIVATEERS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SIIN. Sir,—When standing towards the Isle of Flores, on the 10th inst., we observed a rakish looking steamer steering direct towards us, changing her course as we crossed her path. As she neared us I hoisted the British ensign. The steamer then changed her course, and stood towards an American schooner, firing two shotted guns across the latter's bow. The schooner then hove to, and boats from the steamer took possession of her. They were two miles' distance from my ship. Boats from the steamer approached the island, and, as they passed under our stern, the men in them desired me to report that the steamer was the Alabama Confede rate war steamer, commanded by Captain Semmes, late commander of the Sumter. They were landing the crew of four Federal whaling ships which they had burnt, and the men reported the schooner would also be destroyed.—l am, Sir, your respectfully, THE COMMANDER OF THE Sept 26. CAIRNGORM. His Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief is expected to proceed to the inspection of the troops in the south-eastern district in about ten days. The Marquis of Lansdowne left Lansdowne House on Thursday, for his seat, Bowood. The Marquis of Breadalbane, who has recovered from his recent indisposition, has left his mansion in Park lane for Germany. The Marquis of Clanricarde has left town for Portumna Castle, Galway. The marchioness and Lord H. de Burgh have gone to Marston House, Somersetshire, on a visit to the Earl and Countess of Cork. The Baroness Brunnow has left Chesham House to join his Excellency Baron Brunnow at Brighton. The Earl and Countess of Westmoreland have been receiving a succession of visitors at their seat, Ap thorpe, Northamptonshire. A marriage is about to take place between the Hon. Charles A. Murray, C. 8., her Britannic Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of Saxony, and Miss Edith Fitzpatrick, fourth dauglatez of the Right Hon. J. W. Fitzpatrick, Lord Lieu tenant of Queen's County, Ireland. FUNERAL OF THE EARL OF ELLESMERE.—The funeral of the Earl of Ellesmere took place at Worsley Church on Saturday. The chief mourners were Earl Grosvenor, Lord Brackley, Lord Egerton, and Lord Wil ' ton. The tenantry and fifteen colliers from each coal-pit joined the procession. The service was read in the church by the rector. THE NEW ARCHBISITOP OF CANTERBURY.—Dr. Longley, who has accepted the Primacy of All England, is the fifth son of the late Mr. John Longley, Recorder of Rochester, and subsequently resident magistrate at the Thames Police-court. He was born at Boley-hill, Roches ter, in 1794. He was educated at Westminster School, whence he proceeded to Christ Church, Oxford, where he graduated in 1815, taking a first class in classics. In 182 E he was appointed public examiner, and, having filled the office of tutor and censor of Christ Church, he was pre sented by his college to the incumbency of Cowley, a small benefice in the immediate neighbourhood of Oxford. In 1827 he was presented by Mr. C. B. Wall, M.P., who was at college with him, to the rectory of West Tytherley, near Stockbridge, Hampshire, and held it until 1829, when he was elected by the trustees to the head-mastership of Har row School. In 1831 he was married to the Hon. Caroline, eldest daughter of the first Lord Congleton. In 1836 the see of Ripon was founded, and Dr. Longley was appointed the first bishop. On the resignation of Dr. Maltby in 1856 Dr. Longley was translated to the bishopric of Durham, and on the death of Dr. Musgrave, in 1860, to the Arch bishopric of York. As soon as the necessary forms can be completed ho will be enthroned in Canterbury Cathedral as the Primate of All England. It may be mentioned that there have been five precedents for a translation from the throne of York to that of Canterbury. In 1396 Thomas Fitzalan, otherwise Arundel, was translated; in 1451 John Kemp, in 1575 Edmund Grendall, in 1747 Thomas Her ring, in 1757 Matthew Hutton. In every century since the 14th, with one exception, Primates of England (Arch bishops of York are Primates of England only) have be come Primates of All England. Dr. Longley preserves the tradition for the 19th century. The confirmation of the Archbishop nominate will take place at St. Mary-le-Bow Church, Cheapside, immediately after his election by the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury. Mr. Thornhill, M_P. for Derbyshire, when at Zurich, on his way to Italy with Mrs. Thornhill, slipped and fell on the polished floor of the salle a manger of the hotel, breaking his ribs. He was detained at Zurich for some time, but left on Saturday for Paris, returning home instead of continuing his journey southward ; for, although much better, he requires English medical care to put him quite right.—Court Journal. POST-OFFICE SAVINGS BANKS.—Notwithstand ing the depression of trade and the distressed condition of the manufacturing districts, the Post-office banks are rapidly , attaining a business of enormous magnitude. The acknow ledgments for deposits, which are sent from the General Post-office to the depositors, are printed with consecutive numbers, and ➢lr. Tidd Pratt states that two months ago he saw acknowledgments the numbers on which showed that there had been already more than 360,000 deposit:. Each post-office issues its own set of depositors' books, numbered consecutively, and many post-offices are known to have issued books to more than 500 depositors, several of them to more than 1,000, and there are above 2,500 Post office banks open. Trustees of old savings banks, who have in many instances maintained their establishments at con siderable exercise of time and labour, and from purely bene volent motives, are rapidly determining to transfer the la bour and responsibility to the shoulders of the Government. An instance will best show the accommodation afforded by the Post-office banks :—A man who had deposited money in one of them in London, and who had to go to the north of England and wanted his money there, wrote for the amount in the usual way to the General Post-office on a Thursday night, and on the following Saturday morning the money wa3 paid to him at the post-office of the town in which he was staying. BRISTOL AS AN EMIGRATION PORT.—Mr. H. Berkeley, M.P., and Mr. John Millington, shipbroker, of Bristol, had an interview on Tuesday with Mr. Walcot, one of her Majesty's Commissioners of Emigration, to urge the claims of Bristol as a desirable port for Government emi gration, and also to solicit that the Ivanhoe, a vessel which has been chartered by the Commissioners to convey 350 emigrants to Melbourne, may be allowed to embark her emigrants at Bristol. Mr. Walcot intimated that with re• gard to the Ivanhoe the Commissioners could not disturb their present arrangements. As to the matter of Govern ment emigration generally, Mr. Walco t ex p ressed himself favourably disposed to the claims of Bri stol, p rovided simi lar f ac ili t i es were o ff ere d to t h ose afforded at other ports. The matter i s b e i ng taken up by some influen tial citizens of e ( C1 13E111( Brist o l , and steps are being taken for pro vidin g the aceom modation now aff or ded at London, Plymouth, Southampton, and Birk en h ead. cei!information of a robbery at the Roman Catholic Chapel,AT A CH APE L.--The polic e hav e re - Duk e - street, Lincoln's-inn-fields. It appears that some person or persons effected an entranc e into the cha pel by means, it is suPPesed, of th e r oof, and carried off the sil ver chalices and otherfaticles, said to be of the value of gO. all battles, in all parts of the world, we this time are inclined to believe that the accounts are sub stantially correct. They all concur in represent ing LEE, first, as retreating from M'CLELLAN to Hagerstown, farther north-west, from whence he also threatened Pennsylvania, then as beaten there, and retreating again in the night south west to Sharpsburg, to gain the river, and unite with JACKSON, and we can hardly think that the battle of the 17th will not turn out to have been, as represented, a decided Federal victory over the two great Confederate generals. At present it hardly seems likely that the latter will retrieve their posi- tion on the 18th. The wonder is that so soon after the recent dreadful battles before Washington, both armies were again in a condition to fight so savagely. The numbers taken prisoner on both sides-6,000 at Harper's Ferry by the Confederates, and 15,000, s i t batteries, in the four battles, by the beaten d in o n f n o: r r d e a s t y e o , n b a official i re f w p e o r a t r s e , ar e, of course, all open to correction. But as the withFh e a d d e r a a l s l s o • to believe Northern accounts at all, the Confederates C o nfederates had to evacuate Harper's Ferry, and it is now in possession of B — b eaesn th e VRNSIDE, while they have ended their Maryl an d cam pai g n, and that in a short time as disa s t rous ly as M'CLELLAN did his to Richmond. We ha v e, alas; the usual, the too pro bablf true, and the suggestive addition—" the car nage is reported to be very great." The Powers of Europe can speak we fear with little avail, by way of remonstrance, neither aide is yet convinced that it must yield and accept terms, and there will, we fear, be no settlement of the war till this is the case. The Border States are becoming the more obvious bone of contention. In proportion as the necessity of separation becomes apparent to the North, will its determination rise not to lose the Border States. They would, if added to the South, make it the equal of the North, and in some respects its superior. If added to the North they would make it far the more powerful confederacy of the two. Hence even if the neces sity of division be admitted, the great Border States will become the subject of remorseless fighting. The South would, indeed, be content to refer the subject to a convention of each State, being pretty sure that old pro-slavery influences, and detestation of Yankeeism, would give it all these States. The North would not hearken to this for a moment. The Yankees will fight to the last rather than "play second fiddle" on the continent from which they warned off all Europe, and where they meant to enact the republican NEBUCHADNEZZAR. Perhaps, like him, they are now enduring the madness which is to be followed by a return to humbler but sounder reason. It is significant to observe, among to-day's tele grams from Turin, that there are rumours of Minis terial changes as imminent. And it is especially significant that, among the changes spoken of, the Italia announces as probable the resignation of— General DURANDO ! Is not this the result obvi ously of the publication of that striking diplomatic circular of his, issued to the world only the other day, in which, in the name of his Ministerial colleagues, and even of his royal master King VICTOR EM MANUEL, the Italian Minister for Foreign Affairs took up and echoed as a diplomatist what was only last month the war cry of GARIBALDI and his com rades in Sicily and in Calabria ? "Rome or Death"—Rome, or the Death of all our hopes ! was, as plainly as written words could express any. thing, the purport of that last note addressed by General DURANDO, as Minister of Foreign Affairs, to the Italian KING'S representatives at all the European Courts to which Italy has an ambassador accredited! Yet scarcely is General DURANDO'S circular issued—hardly has it been commented upon—the comments uttered by the London and Paris press being all but unani mously favourable to it—when the significant tele gram, referred to, is flashed through the submarine cable, intimating to us that General DURANDO, of all men, is about to withdraw from the Turin Cabinet. The incident we maintained has about it a very peculiar significance. In familiar phrase it may be said to speak volumes—that notable line of the telegram ! And it is all the more worthy of obser vation, this statement of the Italia as to the pro bable withdrawal of DURANDO from the Italian Ministry—seeing that it is added immediately after wards that Signor RATTAZZI would, in that case, take the portfolio of Foreign Affairs ; retaining, of course, at the same time, the Presidency of the Council, a post, as we all know, identical with of our English Premiership. Supposing which arrangement to be entered into, supposing General DURANDO removed from the cabinet alto gether, and his abandoned portfolio as Foreign Mini ster to be thereupon handed over to the Italian Pre mier RATTAZZI—aII the rest would be tolerably plain sailing and easy navigation through the hitherto troubled waters of Italian politics—for whose policy is it asked ? Why, quite obviously in that event for the policy of Signor RATTAZZI'S master—not the Italian KING, but the French EMPEROR. There is just the possibility, however, that in all these extremely ingenious " transactions" between Signor RATTAZZI and his imperial patron, there may arise a result indicating that both of them have, in regard to these recent events, been, what is called amongst ourselves by a favourite idiom —too clever by half ! For example and in instant justification of these extremely mutual suspicions, is it not a fact th a t g l ares j us t now upon the re cognition of all E urope, t h at a b out the most unpo pular man in Italy i s th e success f ul It a lian Premier , URBAN RATTAZZ I ! And that—still to the last, in s pite of all his rec en t bl un d er i ng and wrongheadedness —the most popular man in Italy is whom this wily and unscrupul ous that very man statesman has cause d (in spite o f his popularity) t o be defeated, wounded) an d imprisoned ! Wh a t ever the patronage accord ed to RATTAZZI abroad, it is absolutely impossible that an unpopularity so wide spread and intense, 9 S his undoubtedly is amongst ill the the end. Equaly his own countrymen, can lead to any other result than his ignominious downf all popularity y l et assured is it to our thinking t hat res ult before enjoyed by GARIBALDI in his p rison in the Gulf of Spezzia—must perforce bear a h a ppy long—in raising from the dust that rep utation but the was dashed to the earth so ignom iniou s l y o ther day, and this by the ungrateful hap soldiers of that very King whom the disc ment of the unhappy Hero had ds of the which • onifited so 107, ally served up to the commence deplorably both for upon the heights of Aspromonte. exploit which terminated so GARIBALDI and his Sovereign I i ______ Professor SMITH still perseveres in demanding th a t eccentric thrift, on th e p ut o f E ng l an d , w hi c h would, if acted upon , gradually , trip her of all her vast and worldwide possession s . Supposing the Legislature were r eall y and ser ioem Y to adopt the astounding suggestions of the lear ne d Professor's imagination—supposing that, in accordance with his extremely ingenious, but we must yet take leave to:add (with all imaginable respect for this good .scholar but bad patriot), his exceedingly prep qs . terous propositions were carried out—supposing that one after another the whole of our fifty or sixty colonies, big and little, remote or near at hand, were allowed to drop off, and thenceforth to hold its own in absolute independence of the mother conn try—one consequence, at least, would be perfectly manifest. England would still bb England, it is true, the British Islands would still remain "en compassed by the inviolate sea"—but as to the British Empire that would be just absolutely nowhere. 4, Assyria, Greece, Rowe, Carthage, where are they ?" Asks Lord BYRON at the close of his Childe Harold. Professor SMITH would exultingly, lot sorrowfully, add to these accumulated queries the name of the British Empire. Concerning his very able, and some of them in many respects even masterly, arguments, it is difficult not to come to a homely conviction that throughout, somehow, the learned Professor has got the Bull by the horns certainly, but that after after all he has got the:wrong Bull. Everything with him points in only one direction. It seems, as the Humorist says of Mr. PECKSNIFF, when clam ouring for something to drink at M. TODGERS'S—it seems like an idiosyncrasy. Professor SMITH can never think of our colonies without clamouring for us to get rid of them. It is all one to him whether the colony in question be a mere speck upon the ocean like the rocky island of St. Helena, or that vast continent directly at our antipodes—that sup plementary continent of Australasia, of which Sir ARCHIBALD ALISON wrote at page 9, vol. 1., of his continuation of the " History of Europe"—that magnificent geographical and geometrical Scottish Bull—calling Australia " that fifth hemisphere !" It is enough for Professor SMITH that, whatever its intrinsic value, whatever its geographical position, whatever its comparative size, the particular portion of the habitable globe to which he is directing atten tion, island, continent, peninsula, province, isthmus, promontory or what not, is a British colony: for that all-sufficient reason it is to be lopped away from our power, as a superfluity and an encumbrance. And, certainly, if we were to imagine the advice he is now giving to •ur rulers so persistently—if we were to imagine it taken by them and systemati cally carried into operation, we do not in any way see how Professor SMITH, after ridding England of all her world -wide possessions, should stop in this astonishing labour of diminishing her power by giving up possession after possession —how he could stop consistently in this wonderful labour of his, saving and excepting only at the actual shores of this island of ours, comprising within the compass of the shores, England, Wales, and Scotland. Admit the validity of his argument in regard to Canada and Hindustan, in respect to Malta, and the 365 Bermudas, and by a parity of reasoning the Channel Islands, the Scilly Islands (not inappropriately), the Isle-of-Man, the Isle-of-Wight, must all, if we are to be guided consistently in this matter, follow snit. Professor SMITH has got an eye now to Gibraltar. Again he has mounted his hobby. Again his war cry against all corners, having particular reference, of course (in this new joust which he has just undertaken), to Gibraltar— " Away with it !" It is useless, he says. It is worse than useless. It is a constant vexation to Spain that England retains it. Beyond all this — and especially in proof of its being worse than use less—it is expensive. The sum that Gibraltar costs us within any given year, Professor SMITH cannot but feel, would look rather small for his argu ment if put upon paper ! Small, that is, —seeing that Gibraltar certainly does somehow stand there conveniently for our ships of war at the very entrance to the Mediterranean ! So what does Professor SMITH immediately do to make matters look' a little more galling in the estimation of all our sticklers for economy ? He (slabs five years together and re minds us thatwithin these given five yearslBs3-1857 we have spent in money because of our holding possession of Gibraltar, £1,854,852 . . " And cheap at the price!" will be thought of every loyal English patriot—when he reads the announcement awfully placed before him by Professor SMITH, even supposing any one of our countrymen upon reading that statement, to have just buttoned up his pocket (a little emptier than it was a few minutes previously) after having paid his last instalment of the income-tax. " And cheap at the price "he will say—remembering that the price is paid by England not in one year, but in five years, for the retention of Gibraltar ! No Professor SMITH may insist upon it as loudly and persistently as he pleases, that in his view it is monstrous that Eng - land should annually expend four millions upon her sixty colonies. Let him entertain his opinion still if he pleases. But others, not a jot less earnest patriots than himself, think quite differently. They think as earnestly and as conscientiously as Pro fessor SMITH himself, that four millions a-year is not so very extravagant a sum to pay for the preser vation to the British Empire of these Sixty Colonies. Not at this point is it certainly that we would see the systematic application of economic prin ciples (so called) to the yearly Budget of England, with a view to the lopping off of £4,000,000 from our annual expenditure of £70,00'),000. Mr, WALTER and Mr.DISRAELI, the latter having far the greatest number of landlord clients, seem likely to have a never-ending quarrel on the ques tion of prize labourers—that ploughing, thatching, rickmaking, shall have premiums for the display of the greatest skill. That pigs, sheep, oxen, horses, shall have prizes for their good breeding, is agreed to, on all hands; but, when the poor labourer comes in, Mr. DISRAELI will have it, that being good, in dustrious, staying long in one place, above all,not hav ing become chargeable to the parish, shall entitle him to be considered a prize labourer; and to go to church on Sundays in a green coat and bright but tons, the proof that " his betters," or those " in authority over him," have deemed him a good man, It is said Mr. DISRAELI has his blue riband. It is, replies Mr. WALTER, his badge of disgrace. Every autumn this duel is fought ; and so far as votes go at agricultural associations, Mr. DISRAELI has it. He crows at his own Buckinghamshire meetings, no one venturing to utter a counter crow. But when Mr. WALTER a tt ac ks the DISRAELI prizes for goodness in his own B'ickshire meetings, he 18 • • 111 a minority. His fellow land lords will retain the premiums for prize labourers. Mr. WALTER, however, achieved one argumentative success this year; he drove Mr. DISRAELI to the acknowledgment that prize labourers must be d e f ended in their origin, rather than on their merit s . The p l rize had been started w hen every labourer was, in turn, best almost state t things as was r upon the parish. There was the re s reason, n f , o t r h c e e n d , a prize r r i e z w e r a d n in d g t t h h o e ug la h bo n n o r w er twhohe t preferredate of o ft for muc h altered, it would create dissatisfa c ti on to g i ve up the pri zes. Now, as Mr. - WALTER c ann ot convince his asso ciates of views agree W i t h in which we entirely h i m, we wo uld respectfully proffer him a suggestion, Let him offer a premium for good masters. Why should not the top step of the cli max—prize pigs, prize sheep, prize oxen , prize horses, prize labourers--be prize masters ? A most valuable member of the community is a good master. As Mr. WALTER so vainly points out to his intelli gent compeers, the prize-labourer's merit is oftener, in truth, his master's merit. It is at least quite as common that th e master should be one no sen sible labourer should quit, as the labourer no sensible LATEST NEWS. THE WAR IN AMERICA. QUEENSTOWN, SEPT. 27. The Royal Mail steamship Asia, Capt. Anderson, t.om Boston on the 17th and Halifax on the 19th inst., arrived here at 11 p.m. to-day. She brings 80 passengers and 26,354 in specie. The Asia landed 70 sacks of the mails and five passengers, and proceeded at 11.30 p.m. ; all well. She experienced easterly winds. (Per Asia, ma Boston and Roche's Point.) NEW YORK, SEPT. 16 (Evening). An engagement occurred on the 14th inst. at Mumfordsville, Kentucky, in which the Confede rates were repulsed with heavy loss. Nashville is being fortified against an expected attack of the Confederate General Bragg. A portion of the Federal army has left Nash ville to get in the rear of the Confederates in Kentucky. The Confederates in superior force attacked the Federals on the 10th inst., between Fayette and Gauley, in Western Virginia. The Federals have retreated to Elk River, below Charleston, Virginia ; they had previously shelled that place, destroying all the salt works, and con tinned their retreat to Ripley, Virginia. The Provost-Marshal of St. Louis has received instructions immediately to carry out the Confisca tion Act in Missouri. The property liable to con fiscation is estimated at 50,000,000 Ms. The Richmond Whig says that the expenses of the Confederate Government since the commence ment of the war to August of this year amount to 347,000,000 dole. The Confederate Congress has adopted a reso lution to make a proposition to the Federal Government to treat upon the manner of conduct ing the war so as to mitigate its horrors. A bill has bean introduced in the Confederate Congress to facilitate obtaining letters of marque, so as to render privateering more efficient. A resolution was also passed recalling Messrs. Mason and Slidell. (By Telegraph to Halifax and from Queenstown.) NEW YORK, SEPT. 18 (Evening). After the engagement reported by M'Clellan on the 14th inst., the Confederates retreated during the night in the direction of Sharpsburg. No official despatches have since been published. The newspaper correspondents report that the Federals pursued the Confederates on the 15th, on which day a battle occurred near Sharpsburg, be tween General M'Clellan and the Confederates under General Lee. The battle was renewed on the 17th, when Gen. Lee was reinforced by Gen. Stonewall Jackson, who had recrossed the Potomac into Maryland. Gen. M'Clellan had also received reinforcements. The Philadelphia press describes the battle of the 16th as very severe, and states that the Confede rates were flanked by Generals Hooker and Porter, and severely punished. The battle was renewed on the 17th by the Confederates with great vigour, lasting till 4 o'clock in the afternoon, when the Confederates retreated, leaving the Confederate General Longstreet and part of his division prisoners. The same authority states that six Confederate batteries and 15,000 prisoners were captured since Sunday. The latest news received states that the result of the battle of the 17th was decidedly in favour of the Federals, but another battle was necessary to deter mine definitely who shall finally be the victor. The carnage is reported to be very great. The Federal Colonel Miles, with 6,000 men, sur rendered at Harper's Ferry to General Jackson on the 14th. The Federals were paroled. It is re ported that the Confederates have since evacuated Harper's Ferry, and that it is now occupied by Burnside. The Federal gunboat Essex bombarded Natchez, Mississippi, during two hours and a half. The city surrendered, but was not occupied by the Federals. The Essex has burnt Bayou Sara, Mississippi, leaving two houses standing. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Money easy. Gold 171 premium. Exchange dull. Bankers' bills, 1281 to 129. Stocks, in which large speculative sales have taken place, opened to-day very animated, but closed lower after the second board. Cotton declining—middling upland, 56c. Breadstuffs dull. M'CLELLAN'S ALLEGED VICTORY. PARIS, SEPT, 27 (Morning). The Constztutionnel of this morning appears to doubt the truth of the Federal victory in Mary land, stating that a despatch had been received in Paris to the effect that M'Clellan had retired upon Washington after the battle. THE WEST INDIA AND PACIFIC MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, SEPT. 29. The Royal Mail steamship Tasmanian, with the above mails, has arrived off Netley Hospital. She brings 99 passengers, 2,168,429 in specie, and 2,300 packages of cargo. She left St. Thomas's on the 13th inst. Vera Cruz was very unhealthy. Much fever prevailed among the shipping lying at Sacrificias. The Bishop of Honolulu and party arrived at Colon on the 6th inst. The mission was to leave for Panama on the Bth, to await the arrival of H.M.S. Topaz, which would convey it to Honolulu. The Bishop had held a confirmation at Colon, and would hold another at Panama. D'Ospina, the deposed President of New Granada, and several members of the Conservative party who had been imprisoned at Carthagena durin g the pleasure of Mosquera, escaped, and took passage in the Royal Mail steamer Avon, and arrived at St. Thomas', Yellow fever had been very fatal among the ship ping at Havannah. The number of eases, however, was fast diminishing when the mail left. Her Majesty's war steamer Challenger arrived at Trinidad on Aug. 13. The weather at Barbadoes was very hot, and yellow fever was very prevalent. Many cases had been fatal. The crops were generally gcod and improving. The provision market was dull. Ex change, 90 days, 487 k. Trade continued dull at Demerara, without pro spect of improvement. The stocks of provisions were abundant. The crops were fast arriving at maturity, Harvest operations would ahortly com mence on the estates, The Jamaica Legislature was appointed to meet on the 28th of October. The new measures to be introdu ce d by the Executive Committee had not transpired. The m arkets were still dull, and stocks Abundant. Transactions were limited. Heavy rains had retarded the Picking of the coffee and pimento crops. Tae latter WAS reported to be limited. Sales of coffee had been made at 48s. to 545. ; sugar, 16s. to 18s. ; freights dull. Exchange 90 days, per cent. pm. The Tasmanian was detained 21 hours by fog. THE BRAZIL MAIL. LISBON, SEPT. 28. The Royal Mail steamer Tyne, with the above mail, arrived hero this morning. RIO JANEIRO, SEPT. 9. Exchange on London, 26, Coffee, good first, 6,000 to 7,000 rein ; ship ments since the departure of the last steamer, 41,500 bags, of which 29,000 were for the Channel. Stock 160,000 bags. Freights, flat to the Channel, 255. to 325. 6d. At Bahia, Exchange on London was quoted 26t to 261, Cotton, nominal; sugar, 1,850 to 1,900; white, 2,450 to 2,500. Exchange at Pernambuco, 261,. Sugar, white, no sales ; brown, 1,700 to 2,000. Cotton, 20,000 rm. The Tyne spoke the Guienne on the 13th inst., in Lat. 11 S., long. 36 30 W. TURIN, SEPT. 27. Rumours of Ministerial modifications continue :o be current. A report appears in the Turin papers of to-day that Chevalier Nigra will proceed as Ambassador to St. Petersburg, and that he will be replaced in Paris by the Marquis de Villamarina. The Movimento of to-day publishes a communi cation from Garibaldi, denying that he had received a letter from an emissary of Mazzini, and contra dicting the statement made by the Patric that Pro fessor Partridge ; the English surgeon, had brought the wounded General 125,000 f. The Italia of this evening says that, besides the withdrawal of Signor Conforti from the Ministry, the possible resignation of General Durando is re ported. Signor Rattazzi would in that case take the portfolio of Foreign Affairs, retaining the Pre sidency of the Council. The marriage of the Princess Maria Pia with the King of Portugal, by proxy, was celebrated in the Royal Chapel to-day. The King of Portugal was represented by the Prince de Savoy Carignan. The nuptial ceremony was performed by the Archbishop of Genoa and the Bishops of Pinerolo Biella, Cremona, and of Alite. The King of Italy, the Royal family, Prince Napoleon, and the Princesses Clotilde and Ma thilda were present. A grand tete will be given at Court this even. ing. The streets are thronged by crowds. EVENING. • A grand concert took place this evening at the Palace in presence of a numerous audience. The city is brilliantly illuminated. Loud cheers and vivas are everywhere heard. The King, the Princes, and the Ministers will accompany the Queen of Portugal to Genoa to morrow. SEPTEMBER 28. The Queen of Portugal left at noon today with great pomp. The Illonarchia Nationale declares that the letter to Garibaldi from an emissary of Mazzini, pub lished in the Esprit Public, is authentic. The same paper asserts that the letter was not addressed to Garibaldi, nor stopped at the Post office, but was seized with other objects. The Italia of this evening confirms the report it contained yesterday respecting the changes ex pected to tako place in the Ministry. Among other reports, the Marquis d'Afaitto, new Prefect at Genoa, is spoken of as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce. Signor Minghetti arrived this morning at Turin. FRANCE. BOURSE, Sept. 27.—The buoyancy apparent in the market yesterday has been well maintained to day, and the business transacted, which has been to a rather considerable amount, shows a further improvement in prices. Threes, for the Account, opened at 69fr. 60c., and are now firm at 69f. 70c. Railway Share Market also well maintained. The market closed as follows Lit per Cents .. 97 55 Do. end month.... 3 per Cents Do. end month 7O 10 New 3 per Cents Do. end month — Credit Mobilier 1030 Do. end months 103 2 25 Bank Shares - -- Credit Fonder 1240 Piedmontesc Fives 7l 25 Italian Loan 7l 75 Roman Austrian Spanish Threes — Home Debt - RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern New ditto — Lyons and Mediterranean 1172 50 .. 1175 Geneva .. Southern BBO .. 888 75 Western Eastern .... Sardinian Austrian Lombard North of Spain Saragossa 612 50 .. 607 60 Ditto to Barcelona 340 .. 341 25 DRAMA. SADLER'S WELLS THEATRE. This fayourite historical place of amusement— once in the country but now surrounded by the town —after many long and successful seasons of the high legitimate drama, has returned to something like its original bill of entertainments. Mr. Phelps having left to find a house, so it is said, with M.. Fechter at the Lyceum, the old theatre has fallen into the hands of Captain Horton Rhys and Miss Catherine Lucette, who propose to make it once more a house for vaudeville, drama, burlesque, and pantomime. It was opened on Saturday for the winter season with a fair working company, and a round of light pieces, including a little sketch by the new lessee. A new comedy by Messrs. Montagu Williams and F. C. Burnand is announced as being in active pre paration. ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. Mr. Creswick made his last bow to a Surrey audi ence on Saturday in the character of Sir Giles Over reach. Mr. Shepherd has now taken all the re sponsibilities of management on his own shoulders, and will inaugurate his new season at the close of this week with an elaborate drama, adapted from the French. THE THEATRES IN HOLY WEEK.—Ort Friday afternoon (says the .Tohn Bull), in consequence of the illness of the Lord Chamberlain, Mr. Spencer Ponsonby received a small deputation instead of the larger one that had been proposed, who presented a memorial, very numerously and influentially signed, pray i n g that the ancient clause prohibiting the opening of theatres in the Holy Week may be in serted in the licenses about to be issued for next year. The names of one or two bishops known to be most opposed to the innovation will be missed ; bat we learn that the reason they are not appended to the memorial, which has been got up by the English Church Union with such zeal at this dull season, is that they thought it was a matter for the whole episcopate as a body to take up. We trust their lordships may yet adopt this co urse , as although the time for granting the licenses is c lose at hand, the forms have, we understand, not y et been drawn up. HER MAJESTY'S TIIEATRE.—Mr. Maple son re opens this theatre to-night, Tuesday, Thursday, a n d S a h li .- day. The ever-popular " T rovatore " is to be th e fi rs t opera, with Tietjens and Giugliniin the two principal characters. Flotow's " Martha " follows on Tuesday, with Tietjens, Giuglini. and Formes ; and on Thursday D on i ze tti' s " Luci di Lamme rmoor, with Titjens as the heroine. The final opera is not yet named. The enterprise will doubtles s be extremely welcome to the strangers now in the metro polis. IRELAND. DUBLIN, SEPT. 27. There was a formidable riot at Tralee, County Kerry, on Thursday night. Signor Gavazzi has been some weeks in this country lecturing on the state of Italy. He is warmly encouraged by the more zealous class of Protestants, who enjoy the dashing style in which he assails the Pope and the priesthood. His lectures are therefore numerously attended, and the receipts from the sale of tickets are, I understand, satisfactory. In addition to these he no doubt receives something considerable in answer to his earnest appeals on behalf of schools which he has established in Italy, and which he declares are doing much good in advancing the cause of the Reformation in that country. Having lectured in Dublin, he proceeded to the provinces, and on Thursday evening last he appeared in the large room of the principal hotel in Tralee. His subject is an exciting one at the present moment, and it is one on which the Roman Catholics of Munster are peculiarly sensitive. Gavazzi does not mince matters in dealing with such matters. He speaks strongly, sometimes coarsely, and has no con sideration for the prejudices or the feelings of Roman Catholics. It so happened that he had some Roman Catholics among his hearers on Thursday evening, attracted by his name and the title of his discourse—" Garibaldi and the present political State of Italy." The lecturer made some remarks on the Pope's Irish Brigade which greatly exas perated his Roman Catholic hearers, wounding their national susceptibilities as well as their religious prejudices. They created a disturbance and inter rupted the lecture. The police, assisted by some Protestants, ejected the disturbers, but not without resistance and great commotion. Eggs were flung into the room and broken against the walls. Order having been restored,the lecturer proceeded to the end of his discourse. In the meantime the expelled dis turbers were setting the town in a flame. An im mense mob gathered round the hotel, and began to attack it with stones, breaking every pane of glass in the windows and otherwise damaging the build ing. The besieged audience saved themselves with difficulty from the dangerous missiles. Had any of them ventured out, they would probably have been seriously injured. The disturbances were renewed during the day, and more rioting was apprehended last night. It is not likely, however, that anything important occurred, as the telegraph has been silent on the subject during the day. Several persons were struck with stones, but it is said no serious injuries have been inflicted. THE GLASGOW MURDER. Several meetings have already been held by the sympathisers with the woman M'Lachlan, and the North British Mail says that " Sir George Grey will have a pressure put upon him probably un equalled in his experience as Home Secretary." The Inverness Courier has the following :—" The unfortunate heroine of this tragedy is, as she stated, a native of Inverness, 28 years of age. Her father, William Mackintosh, came from Strathdearn, and struggled hard here to bring up a numerous family. He wrought some time as a sawyer, and afterwards kept a small butcher's shop in Waterloo-place. Jessie has been gone from this town about nine years, but visited her relations last year. Many here recollect her as the smart barmaid or waitress in a public-house at the shore kept by one of her sisters." The Edinburgh Courant says In connexion with Jessie M'Lachlan's 'statement,' a neglected piece of evidence has been recurred to, which seems to be in some degree corroborative of an important averment in that document. The prisoner said that old Mr. Fleming, after inflicting the wounds on the deceased, took off and burned his shirt at the kitchen fire. On Saturday, 12th July, the day prior to Jessie M'Lachlan's arrest, and while old Mr. Fleming was in custody, the authorities proceeded to the house in Sandyford-place, and made a minute search for all articles which might import guilt or participa tion in the murder. Among the ashes under the kitchen grate the officer found a shirt button,burnt but entire. It was taken possession of and pre served ; but, appearing to have no connection with the case one way or the other, and especially as no burnt clothing, or what appeared to be burnt cloth ing, was found, and there being only one button, it was thought to have no bearing on the case, and was accordingly thrown aside, After the state ment, however, the button was remembered, and the article, fortunately, has been kept in safe cus tody. It bears unmistakable evidence of having passed through the fire, and although whole when found, has now to some extent crumbled away. A distinct segment, however, still remains. The dis closure of this little incident on Friday naturally tended to increase the excitement in the case. It is undoubtedly a likely enough thing that the button was thrown into the fire previous to the fatal en counter; and the fact that dressed shirts were actually hanging over a screen in the kitchen that night may favour the supposition that the deceased in dressing them, threw a loose or broken button into the fire, It may also be said that if Jessie M'Lachlan's story is true, we ought to find, not one, but several buttons." We have just been informed that Mrs. M‘Lach lan is pregnant. INUNDATION OF THE WEST END. Yesterday evening about six o'clock, the residents of the south-western district of the metropolis were visited by a severe flood, attended by a large destruction of property. The furniture of the basement floors of the houses in Bel grave and Eaton-squares, and the streets adjacent thereto, swam in about from three to four feet of filth from the sewers, and considerable damage was done to the contents of the vaults at the public-houses. Mr. Grant, the inspector of nuisances for St. George's Hanover-square, was soon in the neighbourhood with a force of men, endeavouring to stay the rush of the water, but their efforts were without avail. A similar outbreak took place about three or four years ago, in Piccadilly, and the sufferers received compensation from the parish, as it was proved to have arisen from sorsa defect in the drainage ; but the present case is very different, and could not have been prevented, consequently, it is feared that the losses will fall individually upon each sufferer. From the investigation that took place, it appears that the sewers were overcharged from the heavy rain that fell during the afternoon, and as the flaps at the Thames were closed — it being high tide—the pressure was so great that the water in the sewer was forced through the traps of the various houses, causing thereby a complete deluge. THE CONFEDERATE STEAMER " 290." The Cairngorm, which has just arrived in London, reports hav ing spoken the Confederate steamer Alabama, the "290," off the island of Flores, one of the Azore group. The people of the Alabama stated that they had taken and burnt four Federal whalers, and captured one schooner. This report contradicts a recent dispatch from America to the effect that the Alabama had visited Charlestown harbour, and received a large amount of specie from a pilot boat. The dispatch is also further open to doubt from the belief that there are now few, if any, pilot boats at Charleston. ALLEGED MURDER OF A MOTHER NEAR HALIFAX. —On Friday forenoon, a man named Wm. Hellewell, a weaver and farmer, of Soyland, near Halifax, was appre• hended on charge of murdering his aged mother, with whom he lived. The prisoner is 41 years of age, and unmarried. The deceased, his mother, is about 66, the widow of John Hellewell, farmer. The deceased, it appears, was found dead at the bottom of a precipice, near her farmhouse. It is suspected that she was thrown into the excavation by the prisoner, who it is well known has frequently treated her with violence. During the last few weeks he has been very unkind to her, and quarrels have been of frequent oc currence between them. She accused him of neglecting to assist her in maintaining the firm, of getting money from her and not paying her back, and of keeping company with a young woman of whom she disapproved. There are two sons living with the mother—William, the prisoner, a nd David. The latter left the house on Thursday night, at half past 10 o'clock. The mother was then in bed and the pri soner had gone upstairs. The fire was out. There had been a quarrel, and David was afraid to remain in the house. He left and rambled about on the hill tops and in the val leys of the vicinity until morning. At 6 o'clock he went back to the house, and was surprised to find no one in. There was a pan on the fire containing some hot water, and the fire had burnt out. The prisoner was soon after seen in the farmyard, but he denied all knowledge of his mother, and appeared very m oody. The body of the poor woman was found about two hours by some stone delvers. There were several deep cuts on her head, and a bruise on her arm. Th e cuts appear as though they might have beer ). made by fa lli n g over the cliff, which_is about 34 feet but the injury on the arms seems to have been caused by blow. In the course of the forenoon, the son William v' 9 l apprehended on suspicion of murdering his mother, and taken to Halifax,