The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1822-05-16 00:00:00

PIIMMIMMIIIIIII . " -- ""m --- - . . M • ' /-:.) ". . . . ~:•• . " • , • ..• .•., .. , e. , • _a . . . . •- 4 s • ... ~...,_. . c . . . ..„..., b .. ...- .. -.. . . ... . . -: , . • . ..: • . . r: I W' . • ... .1) 1 --1. "I-1 •, , r "`",- a i ,.. ' L.O. •k- Al , , ... .. . . . - 0 40 . • • • '=" •~ - 111 \ •. •: ~.~,: t 4 A LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 16, 1822 IS t;tseti 6068. _~~- ~r ~. Pales 7d. THRATAR•ROYAL, DRURY-LANR THIS EVENING, THUIISD A Otr Y, PIay of l6, his blakaty's Bernal, will perform A NEW WAY TO PAY OLD tIEBT. Lord Lsse Mt. Thol,oolll ; M r Gies Orebreseh, Mr. )p n ; ; Mr. Cooper ; Allwnrth. Mr. Perlis"; Jos- it , Greedy. Mr. Loiredsy; Marrail, Mr. Mendes: Lady Alsrorlb, Mrs. Knight; Margaret, Mrs. Urger; Freda Abs. Hs:lore. Arm which the Musical Eatertaiassest of PAUL AND VIRGINIA. Paul, Maaswe Vann ; Alanibra, Was Copeland ; algae. Mr. Kitten ; Cantina Tropic, Mr. Golfe. Viewed'., Miss Posey; Mary, Miss Bland ; Jacinth., Mi.. Cabin. Trotoorsow, Tows and Country : Reuben Glearoy, Mr; Krim. THBATRK-ROYAL, COV ktdrOA NUNN. THIS EVENING, THURSDAY , Mal i 6, wink. acted, ltla tide, a Play, is three veto, tweet. wood eat Node, ealkd • THE LAW OF JAVA. "b e s aw n" of Ana, Mr. Abbott; drib, Mr. Domed; Poise; Idr• Toni Onnalra, Mr. Yates; Maim Vas Gloi., we, Nr. Iroweed; lbw Geyvelt, Ilk. Jae's; duiebersaar, Mr. Cower; Peewee, Mr. Lidos. Lade, Ni. N. Tree; floarjahee, Wes lbepheao. To which will be added, 33d One, a sew Greed Asiatic Illeto-dessatte Roseate, called CHERRY AND FAIR SI'AR; Or, THE CHILDREN OF CYPRUS. Clievvy, Mrs. Violet; Sioguisbeet, Mr Farley; Tomei', Mr. Grimaldi; Hassaabad, Mr. Blanchard; GiaMer, Mt. Chapimas ; Nissieddia, Mr. Horrebser. Fair Sear, Miss Foote; drier's**, Miss Beaumont; Papilla, Hiss E. Ihea. "1,. tw Law of Java trill be repealed every evenittg sot ap. prapriated he hesielits. Cherry sod Pair Star will be repeated every eveuing, masted. To.morrov, by Command of his Majesty, This Lair of hrs. ME. MATHEWS AT HOME at the TEIEATRE ROYAL, ENGLISH OPERA HOUSE. STRAND—THIS EVENING, THURSDAY, May II (..d every MONDAY, THURSDAY, and SATURDAY, derive the Month). THE YOUTHFUL DAYS OF MR. MATHEWS. Tart 111. STORIES: in Which Mr. Mathews will take steps to introduce the following Characters:—Nal, ear. eel of all-work 1. a lodaing.ltwaor ; Mowaiewr Zephyr, French Ballet Master (Rut floor); Gorge Argosies Fipley—" A lime of besoly"—•in love t Ab Uywrlya ab U• 11, Eaq• not this enough; Sir Shivers,. Serewnerse, Geordies to Araelrosa (served floor); Mr. Mark Magnum, ass camerae lodger, seat door; Mat Aoselroaa, 1. love with Fipley. Beset' racer, and Private Bases, to be had of Mr. Ste. nen% at the Strand Ent router, frees Tea till Five; and at Aadrews's Library, Bood•street. A DIELPH I THEATRE, STRAND. THIS EVENING, THURSDAY, May 16, Maasiear ALEXANDRE, detwelebrated Dramalie Viso;loggia., will deliver an eativray sew comic, cliarac ieristie, vocalic, mimetic. settiformical. Noweilogrous, obi qadarieal Esiertaisampol, i. ram Parte (is rAmaiielk) minded azprveaahy far ibis amiss, awl entitled The ADVENTURES OF A VENTRILOQUIST; Or, THE ROGUERIES OF NICHOLAS. In which he will display the various astonisbiog vocal ills. sions for which be has bees so justly celebrated and disthe guMbeti on the Continent, sari which have been represented with such sigmal approbation before most of the Crowned Heeds sad Prieeea of Europe. Personae of the Enterisisment: Ytstbb Persons—Alderman Pinney ; Captain Furlough; Nicholas (servant to the Alderman) ; Mrs. Pillbury (wife of the Altlerman) ; Miss Flirtilla Pillbory (daughter of the Alderman). !imitate Persons—Andrew Stamp (Surgeon Dentist anti Trepeaner) ; Jacob (bin man); Pillhory Maoism (an infant is arms). Anima Persons—:Sqvire Tivy, and Nick Tongs. Synopsiv of the Enka:nutmeat : Part T. Food and Physic.—Cupid tamed Chimney Sweep. Put 11. Wine sod the Tsoth.sch ; or, the Rite, Bit. Put 111. Curtain Lectures.—Jaek in the Box. The whole embodied, illustrated, and delivered by Mon sitar ALEXANDRE. BRAMAN'S PATENT PORTABLE PENS. ASPURIOUS IMITATION of throe PENS hayloft remedy been introduced for public ale, J. BRAMAN and SONS, 124, Piccadilly, Manufacturers and Proprietors of the Invent ion, respectfully acquaint its numer ous Patrons sad the Public, that in future every Box or Packet of their gement, Peas will be stamped with a fac simile of the Signature of the Inventor, "Joseph Brainah," by which means the Counterfeit will be easily discovered. April 8, 182'2. rHE Ticket. No, 11,221, r Prize of 20,0001. iis the lemd Lottery, wee mold is Shares by RICHARD. SON, GOO DLUCK, imed Co. who reapertfully submit the leadieg features of . NEW LOTTERY, of 7,000 Tickets, to be drawl. in One Day, 4th a lea., The Scheme cumulus, all lu Sin ling Mosey, Two Prises. of 2 —.Prises sf —.11,000 10 .. Prizes of £2Ol 2 Ice. &e. Ticket, and Shire , ' Or, Menial by RICH A R DSON,GOO O. LUCK, and Co., at their Oliee, 104, Bulk-buildings, Gam bill. MR. PIIRRY'S LIBRARY. TO RE SOLD BY AUCTION, BY MR. EVANS, At his Holm, 03, n.ll, THIS DAY, THURSDAY, Ma e tg, and Five follovriag bar, THE T 11110) f 'OItTION 01 die curious, valuable, and extensile LIBRARY of the late JAMES PERRY, intaining an extraordinary assent- Alas of rare and curl sli OOKS, of early English Poelrli 'Armor, and History, domestic and foreign, int-Wing lie Four First Editions *if Shaltsprare, and an txteusive Collection of Wafts on the French Revolution. Da. JAMES'S POWI)ER and ANALEP TIC PILLS. The Polslie are respectfully reminded tbat the Sale of V.Se shove M.-diem,., iuveated by my Grand. father, Dr. 111111121, E 8 rim., , ., Ifrnie Its. tole Mr. Newberry's, to the Lome of Messrs. BU' 'AUKS, where they era •lone be bad mestuMe. Is becomes .4 the more accessary to 'meal *Main the muds elf the P•bl le, as the Sun■ of alf late Agent are mow vending romps/situ) ma of their own manofaciurr, as Dr. James'. hledicinrs; mail from the Immesh of time Mr. Ne•bery was supplied with the genuine Medicines by soy family, purchasers may be la 'I erroutorsly to suppose that •al supply is 8101 esmtlased. Tu guard restart the ill ef fects of vBl'lollB Medicines, ps trebaarrs are requevted to ob. mme carefully that every Bus. of Pslis, and nervy Bottle and Parfet of Powder, now bears I t Bed Government Stamp aid • Label signed wish my Nara.. R. G. G. JAM ES. Sold by Batten, Chemists, N o. 4, Cheepoide, Si. Paul's, sk 230, Regent -strew! (near t lie Argyle Rona.), London ; 20 , Wairrloo-piree, Ediuhrigh ; ■au 34, iachville•serrei, Dahlia; rod by the principal 1 ledleira.►edrn throughout the Uvited iagdos. BRITISH INSTITUTION, PALUMALL. THE GALLERY, with a Selection of PIC TURF"; of the Italian, Spanish, Flemish, sad Dwelt Schools, IS OPEN DAILY, fruto Teo M the liduroimi said Rio iu the Evesiut. (Ply order) JOHN YOUNG, Eerper. Admission Is —Cotalutee Is. OUTINIAN LECTURES. HE Friends of these ;remind Meetings and their Acqsaintanee are respectfully infierated, that an entire NEW LECTURE will be delivered at 11.`r. Penn's. No. 10, New-street. Sprine-gardeas, on SATURDAY NEXT, May IS, at Three o'Cluck, by Mr. RICI!ARD.SON.—The Leetaras will continue weekly. Tielists, 2.. 6d. rack rosy be had of Memos Hatehard, IS?, pavadilly ; and of Mr, Miller, IS, Fleet-street. EAST INDIA HOUSE, MAT IS, 1522. THE (;OURT of DIRECTORS of the UNITE . ° COMPANY of MERCHANTS of ENG bAND,fraidtas• to His EAST INDIES, de beeelf Ova "Pelle Tido the .CONINIETTRIE of BUTINO lortl--WARBa4 11DUSES will be Mar* to rweeige Proposals in wine% seafed cc, on or befog, WEDNESDAY, the 12th day of June neat, from such Persons as way be willies to sup. ply the Cowpony with a quantity of BRITISH HESSEN% WROUGHT IRON NAILS, and PACKING ROPE sort TWINE; sad that the Cenobite's of she Contracts ray be sem tio applealiqa to the Clerk of this Committee, wish *born the Proposals must be left Wore Eleven o'Clock of the said Itch Jose, 111112, thee whip' hoar the Gewinaittee wif sot aeries soy Teader. JOSEPLI DART, Secretary. EAST INDIA HOUSE. MAY 15, lett. THE COURT of DIRECTORS of the UNITED COMPANY of MERCHANTS of ENG LAND, trotting to the EAST INDIES, do hereby giro Notice, That a GENERAL COURT of the said COMPANY will be held at ihrir House in LeadenhalLstrret, on WED NESDAY, the tech instant, at Eleven o'Clork IN the Fore name, for the special purpose of laying before the Pro prietors an unanimous Resolution of the Court of Direesors of Moshe to the Most Noble the Mac tail of Hest lags, X.G. sad G.C.8., Governor Gemmel of Bendel, which Beeelietwa ii.llOW epee at this House fur the perusal et the JOSEPH DART, Ssereiary. MR. OWEN'S NAN. A Public Meeting was held yesterday at the City, of London Tavern, Brshopsgate-street, cots vened by Mr. Owen, to consider -of • plat) for the permanent relief of the British • ngricultutal and manufacturing Labourers and the - Irish Peasantry. At half-pest Invite o'clock Jout INGRAM LOCKHART, Esq. was called to the Chair. He then addressed the meeting, stating the object for whi c h they were assembled, and requested their at tention whilst Mr. Owen should explain his Plan. Rossi? Owes Esq. theft :dimmed the meet. ing. He apologised for the time which it must tie cesserily consume, and then spoke to the following effect from • printed paper : My present journey to Shia part of the kingdom commenced with a view of collecting information with regard to the real slate of the public mind, respecting the siagolar Rhea time is which thin country has been since the termieetioe of the late war, exhibiting the tame privations and distress ameeg its iabakaiaala from peace and ;Army, as usually M alawi war and famine; and also to discover if wane exist. ed by whirl, an union could be effected between the great toppasieg Interests which sow retard the prosperity of all With then intentions, I atiendrd several of lb. woos, po. pular public meetings which are held la the stetropolis at this steno, sod I have freely nixed with all parties in pri. ease, to acquire a kauwledge of the real, as well as of the loon popular notintente repressed in public, which are sone, ions at variasee with each ether. The result of this proceeding ►as convinced me there is a large moral of good feeling throughout society, and that Whiter more is now required to relieve, effectually, the Acostal distress which pressed so severely ou the lowa clews, and particularly me the Irish, than to give to that feeling • sound practical direction, Several individuals, who saw this subject its the same light, sent • delegatiou to request I would call • public meeting fur the purpose of @Woo( these sentiments, and of explaining the memos by which au union of all pa►ties may be sow (unwed, with a view to effect it great sad accessary pub lic benefit, without the sacrillee of any conscientious princi ple. At this time I was preparing to retorts to Scotland, hut the delegates urged thei► request with so much earnestness, as to induce n■e to yield to their solicitations, sad is comm. 'pence this meeting was called. Mr. Owen then proceeded to demonstrate the practicabi lity of a• 111111.12 of all parties, of all countries, and of every relifiss, in the furtherance of the great objects which he had in view, namely, to secure permaneut relief to the work log clauses; for which it was necessary, I. That they shall be usefully trained and educated. 2. That they shall be rendered industrious, and be use. fully employed. 3. That the objects eis which their industry shall be exert ed shall he readily exchanged with adventege; sod 'bat the demorshsiog circumstances with which they are now sur rounded shall be removed, and be replaced by others having a more mural tendency. Mr. Owen, in costiosation, observed on the various art venters to be derived to all classes of the community, w►en these objects should be attained. Mr. Owego thus went on—lt le now for me to explain, on the hags of the principle stated, the means by which the Irish peasantry, and the pour sad working cl in g I, may be permanently relieved. To thuds who hive Lad much esperienre among there clears, it will be at once ob 'jou% that while they pinata is itogoveruahle masses, or live scattered in stogie families, apart from their species, that even at • great expense of lime, labour, sod moues, , very little comparative benefit can be effected for them. To proceed t►e must speedily, economically, and free tudly to improve dime who have beet. hitherto neglected, it is abrulaely necemary that they should be combined jou con•euteni inavirs for training, education, mid employment ; for a ready pt rmalirot dirtnbslion i•f the products of their labour; and for the most cssy mode of governlug them fug their own beuelit. The numbers in each of these associations should be cwt. lined within certain limits; if too large, the evils of towns ■nd cities, crowded dwellings sod unwholesome aintosphete, unhealthy occupations, &fettle., tremble and education, and other ineoovettienres, could not be mudded. Kota the other hand, the number were below a certain amount, t►e full benefits of combination *until not be unitised, and tile chil dren could not be well educated. As the result of muc► cos siderat ion on this subject, it is proposed that each association shall consist offrom tioo to 1.000 pentane, accordiug to cir cumstances. The form of • large square seems to present the moat eligible disposition fur the domestic accommods nun of suc► society, the dwelling-houses occupying the sides of thesquere, sled the public bendier being placed la the centre. This plats combines all the adirautsges of a town mod country residence, •sithout the inconveateuces of either, sad admits of the best sad meet maple trinomial srrasgesseets fee seturiag the health of the whale popoiaiioo, 141 f feminine. instruction, an.l perveatiow—fee 'etiolating, lighting. mud eiraning—for cotkieg sad setise--ead fur every illonawitie object. The evils which occessetity seise frees the prattles of commerce, is the man* sideaeced stew of the *deem, ate incalculable. sisee the terolaatios of the lams war, the period whin its prelitable euistiseswee to the producers ea_ pied, it has aiisually destroyed assay milli**, Of their ca pital, sad the process of thirdrecties is atiN metes eis. As manefaetares, tradeoasd erreamieree, caw yield a peedt oily as bag as the Missed emeeeds AM reoply, le is barely equal to it, that pretest enemsereisi systems amaset admit of the supply exceeding the demand; altheseh ti Is the Mier's* of all shot it should do set hot society hes sew acquired the means of prodseing far mere thee she population of the world ems ndrestege•saly cesium'. To reader the existing system prolitalar., thee/Awe, it meld be necessary to destroy ee much of the power of predeettee as should reduce the ta ,, supply msthia eke demo* sad coati% restrieis that. power; bet It is dirieily maslastry ke the i• . ekappo, owe that this power @lima be 'limited or .. Varier". eirceemessimmteremsegledgeilli the Mt* war, owe • peculiar Impetus Is the pervert of jpeedoction its Gest &f -tails, of which the meet wits contesemisraie with the wants ottani by the gigestie armies of the costes& lag porno; but at she tormanstion of this wide-spread sus. , lest, gibes se formidable • demos of waste sad destruction ceased its attire operetimie, said the world was all•wed to be at peace, peace ovoid not be enjtoyed, becaose a moral atop was pat to trailing sad cossraerdal prosperity, by the excess of supply herbed the destined. SO ifcrp-rotted see the /ogees which make men eliag I. the premiss commercial system, as the only mesas by which the wawa of the world ems lie supplied, that they will molt to every expedient to uphold it, wwwithataoding the fright. fed sacrifices of capital, and the extreme distress is which the, attempt is homily isvolving them; sue will they cease their efforts until their ingenuity, agass and again bailed, shall at length be exhassied. They will thee perhaps ask themselves this simple quesiios-ott'hy should we wish to um. duce the supply trials t h e &mead ! .-. . . . . Vibes the Med cam he divested of the prevailing preju dices tea ibis subject, the true isterests of society will be foetid to coasiat, Ist, la the discovery of what those shiers ire which ere necessary to give the greatest advantages to bosses eatery • sad idly, lei the adoption uf the best Ilßtsllll by whieb a ret;inielesd 'imply of them may be produced mad be accessible to all, 'by& se cause may remote der appeal. lieu of interests. At ibis mamma all parties are swaying grievously froth the effects of the error of the commercial eyries, sod sons mere them the iodividuals immediately engaged is it, millinus of whom, fur the sake of • bare sebeintence, are subjected to every kind of degradstioa and wreicbedoese ; while by the proposed arraisgewsrats, each itidividual will be (mauled to possess moth misfuri„ and amity advaetages, through every period of his life. le eon segemere of their neember mine, the elemeters of the new ANIOOI4IIOIIIII, even at first, will have to sell mid pur chase far less thaw iniividuals ceder Ilse taught' system, sad in the MIMS proportion will the risk and expesse of their commercial transact toes be diminished. To peewee' loss and law-wits, as well as the evils wins; from • system of credit, these transactions should always be in mosey, and be dually settled ie the shortest time that eiremstaisces will admit. As the somber of these Comae sines isereeses, the 'itchier of product, with each other will gradually supersede the oeeesskty of hairnet recourse to tweamois etscielly to. the supply anise. waits. This earhasge le the earlier stales of eheir rownss, may be advisotsgeowely effected use the principle of estiseating the vales of commie dities by the queasily of labour equated for their produc tion ; the quantity, with refereoce to each article, being pre viously ascertained end melee* agreed epee mad Orel for deemed periods; end for coeveeiener, this labour may be represented by @oleo, or Community Bank paper, bearing the value of one, or any number of days labour. But after • sufficient number of Communities, within • moderate die 111• Cit of each other, shell be in action to create • full supply of all the articles required by each, any such medium of exchange will be found neither necessity nor desirable. The coenexiou substationg bet were the s I Associations being founded on the tense common interest by which the members of each are united together, they will cordially eo-operate in forming arrssgenwnts, which shall place the production nod cumumenue of the whole confederation on the must permanent basis. All that can be necessary, in order to attain this object, will be first to regulate the pro duction of each commesity according to its localities and to the rowel wants; and, secondly (as each community will produce • surplus of certain products beyond its own poe ethic waits), to establish periodical conversers, by memos of which these venoms surplus products may be regularly itsterchauged. In this meow, will the public stores of each community always contain an overflowing stock of all those things which can minister to the comfort or gratification of rational beings, •nd in these associations, poverty, or the fear of poverty, will have no existence. Men placed in these associations, will soon realize abun dance of the ries end comforts of life, and little decrement will can't for individual accumulation; our, as • society, can they be influenced by may desire to amass wealth beyond what may be amply gut:finest to protect then against every coetieeency. It cannot fail to be perceived. that the harmony and sle hasty of the mew laminations will mainly depend upon the training and educe!' of the young. In regard to this sub. ject of paramount importance, the principles which have been developed iu the Mat part of this work, will guide ns with ene:ring certainty to wood conclusions mid correct practice. 's'e have *hewn that mem Is naturally influenerd by circumstances, and it is espy to prove that it depends in • great degree upon the hillocoes of (hese circumitauces, whether the individual shall benne, a civilized man or • eaauibal, a charitable or • ferocious being, eulightened or ignorant. happy or Miserable. It is the distieginibing feature of the new arrangements, that heisig thoughout consistent with the principles just stated, they at once place the rising generation beyond the ins of all those eirrionsweeces which in every existing slate of rociety are continually °pirating to produce vice and misery. By the very set of introducing • child into one of these essociatiow, constituted in the manner we hare de &relied, we shell have surmounted all the great obstacles which are at present Interposed to his field misting and elocution, and in his future well-being. The course which remains to he pursued is simple and atraiglit forward. His instructors will regard hint as • being epos whose plastic mature education, as it is will or. ill directed. may stamp the bast or worst impression ; in whom, under owe system of treatment, may be implanted is his earliest years the seeds of jealousy, hatred, revenge, sad every evil passion. while under another, ohm (whiles may be greatly dial. wished, if got entireiyexcleded Reward* sad penislinsents, emulation sad partialities, are the characteristics of the pre. .end system, while the proposed will accuntplssb every thing by kindness alone. The former system, with the utmost difficulty and labour to all coo eeeee it, effects vary inferior molts ; the mambo( kiiidness,ms the other hand. when conseteured systematically Coin iuf,iity, is calculated to produce only the best resell, with little labour or difficulty of soy knot; and it will be found to be beneficial that so other should be hereafter sp. plied. ed ls h i i t . ra w t i io th es in l fe to riot pu pe e t h ,r. e ch i ld be natu re has endownces over which be cuvld have so control have narrated upon him a character which is displeasing to us? or is it mere ✓enewal to reward moiler to whom nature has been more liberal soil circumstances more propitious Is punishment a likely method of improving and reforming the one, or ears reward have any other effect upon the latter than to revert his good qualities, the possession of which on no degree depended upon himself, to render him a vein end conceited being, mid to lend him to despise his less fortuitate ferlow.ereatnres ? Can charity be expected in ut. a when the elements of all vecharitahleness ere_tbuit effectaalty bundled into the Minds of childrret ? 1 Such Sr. the dews which wlll.be uniformly acted up tn. in regard to estimation in the new state of society. The ehil. demo of each commontly will be hrotight up togethrr, sod literally he is nue Amity, in which paritalitiet avid disuse tines will have se place. They will eat al the same tibir, wear the amuse dots. , enjoy the same means of 1111110411nInt, receive the same Instruction, and be termed ii all naltecis With the same undeviating kindness. No .eiretwuwat4es will eii.t •roand them which can elicits in their yoling (muds • single anti social tbmight, which can possaily Irad Mean to ituarne that the happiness of each dors sot consist in the Lippincott of the whole. Long hefure verbal instruction cam be intelli gible to theta they will act instinctively, as it wen, in the very spirit of die pre, ept, " Love thy neighbour;" and why will they ace thus? Breatwe under the system in which= nw see iroiord uo itlies will be inf u sed i n t o th e i r winds tiro rise to iostiebler conduct But 40051. - Ilpeeo ' talliesla • abeledelle,jt; time mode, 'esselt tireeepetisers as thdM is beet verb otbet. system of' 'moraines whltil elf? be P.- v .... Me arrangements, will differ ',wistfully Trees that .trprevails at prerreat. It is al Mistake suppose that exists in ehildreu any reouguance to acquire keuw. frier, or to imagine that the holiness of tuition is meta /Melly tot irksome task, and that which is proper for thins lb learn must needs be furred epos theni The troth Is, Slat at no age is the desire of knowledge stronger than in - ahllelhood ; as this period of life all the objects which sot mead the human being peaces the charm of isovelty, sod lie feeling of curiosity is intense. That the office of in. sileneter may be rendered agreeable, and his scowlers fib. tient and sreeptable, and that none but the hest firebug may be created between him and his pupils, it is ne cessary to prevent to them the objects of their instrur lion, is the order which corresponds with the natural develope meta of their faeultiee; and instead of disgusting them with confined initiate, by endeavouring in early life to give them ideas of things through the medium of written lan. guile only; to convey to their minds clear aid distieet perceptious, and camel knowledge, by the aid of sensibte aisles, with and explanatioes. Move especially is it neces- sary to withhold /ruin their young minds say disputed opi nions, regarding the truth or consistency of which their pre vious attainments do not enable them to form a rational opinion ; for to act otherwise tend. directly to weaken and destroy the must valuable of thee, iisteNeetwal powers. We shall not, however, do justice to Witham nature, if we caltifate the intelkcleal at the expence of the physical powers. That the iodividoal may enjoy the high , at degree of happioess of which he is susceptible, a soiled mind must reside in a masa body. The powers of the body and of the mind will in every imlivionl under the proposed errietge ' went@ be cultivated wish equal care; • due proportim of time being allotted to the exercise and improvement of each. Political ecommists have hitherto totally misunderstood their subject. They have in all cases supposed that the mule obj , ct of society, was the accumulating of riche", and that men would necessarily obtain all they required no pro portion as their wealth isereased. They have always rea soned as though man were an inanimate machine, without the capacity of suffering, smideretanding, ur ss japMq, and have comemiroily recammooded those measures which were calculated to siedusaahe mass of mankitul into sere insole meets of prodeetien, and to deteriorate the gamma/ powers, physical aedaleilist, of each tealitridoal, that seats small part of his faculties might he asmaturally and moot injuriously cultivated. Thus have they led the public,etep by step, from owe error to another, until at length they can proceed no fir tier, for the fact has become too eviitetit bat men can easily produce more than they know how so distribute or eunsunie advatitageomly. At this moment the chief sufferiug of arises front an extras of wealth, which cannot be ten tiered available fur the great massof the people. who is 'eve. esl districts are starring malty severe piivatsoos. The science of political womanly is, or ought to be, only soother term foe the science of human happens., for if it dues mat promote this, it is of no value whatever. name As it has hitherto been taught, bowever, it is directly op posed to human happiness, nor is it raienlated to attain even the inferno object of wealth, wbieb it professes to bare is view. Is recommends as its fendamestal prisciples the most minute dives' of labour, and separate or individual inter. este, among the whole human race; while the first dawn of real knowledge respecting the mesas el creating riches, and of promoting the well-being and happiness of mankind, will make it evident that these principles are at once opposed, Ist, In the most advantageous crestless, distribution, stud pre servation, of wealth ; ■od 2411 y, to the best formation of the human character, physically, mentally, and morally. No one eau doubt that it is for the interest of mankind, that abundance of the most useful gad isstriessically valuable products should be crested, with the least labour sad the greatest beuefit to the producer mid consumer; that this wealth should he distributed in the best mourner throughout society, in older that each may have a full supply; that that which remain' for future cease/option and reproduction, should be the most easily preserved ; and that every 'omelet dual should be trained to be capable of esioyiag, is the highest degree, the use of 'brae productions. But out use of these essential objects can be attained under • system of which the characteristics are, • minute divisioe of labour, sad separate or individual interests. The effect of the first of these erroneous' principles is to form man into a creature far hairier to an iwareiinate machiue; to deprive him (except in a sisale moist of little comparative wallet) of all (amnesic* as an intelligent rational being, sod to reader him an unequal competitor with the harder material, of wood, brass, and iron, to effect adieu the most useless result. The second of these principles de• stroys all the supposed mileometers, arisiag frees the first, by preventing to an incalculable extent, the askaption of the best means for distributing and preserving wealth, after it has beet, treated; and together they render it impossible That the population of the world ean ever become, under their iailiseseee, either nth , h.althy, intelligent, mural, or happy. Political economists have hitherto Wee retire!) , brut/rout of human nature, mid emirequesitly of the ve►y elementary principles ow which the science of political economy (in any rational signification of the term) is founded. " How to create the largest supply of the most valuable prodoctimes with the least expense of lab•tur, and nth the g►eatest amount of benefits to all," is the problem which this science ie required to solve. Accretes knowledge of became assure is all that isaow neces sary foe the attainment of each of thew objects In a high de. grim of perfection, and if t►at knowledge be acted upon, po verty, or the fear of it, will no longer count, rad the happi er*, of society. But isatead of pushing the division of labour eu far as to mutilate, if we may an speak, the character amen —to reduce him infect tea small froetia• of as intelligent be ing, it will he the great object of all our arraugements to place him ender circumstances is which all his valuable powers, both phssiral and mental, will bean well and equally trained from sorancy, that he will possess the abilities and inclination to create abundantly whatever can be necessary tip his comfortable existetice. At this boor, wit► great industry and application, sad ninth good intention, the modern economists, (ruin wholly mistaking their auldeet, are producing throughout civilized society the greatest self ring and evil. They ban assumed it as so incontrovertible position, that wealth is created of a superior kind and more sliiiudaatly, is more wisely distributed, better preserved fur future con inalption, ur reproduced and more advastageossly used un der the present system of separate and opposing Interests, ibis it would be under use of mutual aid and co-operation, or of united interests. Aad altbengh the reverse were the ease, they bane also supposed that it is impossible to noise maatiod to act cordially sod beseiciall7 for the general tied ; is abort, that human beings (void not be immolated to exertion, except through the influence of indivulw.l, Mpg rate, and opposing interests. No greater proof than these conclusions •ffurd, meld be exhibited of the utter lowbrow, respecting human isiture and the elementary principles of ' their science, in which the economists are involved. Every one at once admits the superiority of en army, wall organised, and abundantly supplied with all the wisteria's of war, over the rime number of individual,. en. connected, untrained, unsopplird with arms and .aa. rims for the contest, and earl. being obliged to think and act and provide for himself, not only unaided bet opposed by bM comrades. The diS rent effects to be produced by the same nuniSer, under these opposite circumstances, warmly admit of a comparison. Mimi in war obviously increases the power of the individual n titousamd fold. Is there the of a reason why , it should not produce equal effects In price? Why the principle of cio-opeowlien should net give to men the mile superior powers and advantages in the atistitrit, pleservatimo, distribution and mijarmeal of weallb but it may he urged that men cannot be imolai. exile for eiterapa s epimeo eremite, )reser v in g , distrdmitiote; and en joying wealth and blppinem, in the tame manger aa they have been nwinciated to prevent the creation of wealth, le dlfirerfiro&em created, to overwhelms their fellow.crearartro with poverty and ignorance, and to ing,ei upon them every species of suffering, mud to render them destitute amid asi seeable. These and all such notions are surely a libel on llama na ture, and have arisen solely from a woracenteptio• of what it really is. The experience of the writer has removed all doubt, from his mind on this subject ; and be hesitates eta to say that the time lo now arrived when it will be far more esoy.(as much more so as It will be more bewelleisl) le unite Uses heartily in measures for promoting and oetturinu their isitereste b obeli it We been through the past agora the wade), to induce them to art in emollient an owe body sad tine mind, fur the purpose of isifbciing misery mod dewier. thin on each oth. r. Men ran be impelled to co-operate for the taller pnrpoee only so long all they are made irtatiatial, and kept in that state. Tn prodnce • union of the working classes for the attain ment of all the ohjecto of life, nothing more is necessary than to train mss tram their infant-, id good habit., and to be rational, and this will be easily accomplished under the proposed arrangeuse-tte. It remains to he exomintd, la order to complete the oath's of these •reangenieum,:a what mouser the local goverment of the sew commutative may be the most advantageously conducted. The administration of affairs, la the lest leslaoce, mesa he delegated to a Select Committee, monspimed at such per seas as the knowledge of the parties commented may point out as beiug the best en*lilled to sopnrialetul the diffneat departments ; or appointed by the peeress who furnish the capital. Seth individuals should be appoiated by the ma. wagerePnt of these emaciation* as may be the must romps. test. When the members of the association shall hare re ceived the advantages of the system of training and edromt lion to which se have referred, each will be fully competent to undertake the charge of some of the departmente. And a very simple mode suggests itself by which every individual may then advantageously for all participate t qually is the business of management. The future Commit tee accordingly will be composed of all the members of the Society, beteeee certain ages of these. fur Instance, treteee• 40 and 60. From what has been raid it is easy to foresee that in such a mate of society the besieges of the belociatsua will be easily managed If any evils is practice should be footed to snow at first, from inexperience, immediate m will be adopted to doseuver the cause from which they originated, sod it may be safely predicted that they will be easily removed. While each associative will in its internal affmr• be lode ptodeat of all others, there will exist fur g I purposes a cordial union sown them. The same spirit which maitre the members of each will necessatily lead to the most amicable alliance between one assciation god every other. As these imoitottions makiply, the same proportion will an increase of benefits accrue to all who are placed within the sphere of their iallurnee. National distinction end prejudiers will gradually 'sebtndr, and erase to form a barrier to the ramblishoeteat of a friendly intercoms., sod a flee commonicaiiton and interchange of inventions, die coveries, ant improvements, among the greet families of mankind. The happiness of one portion of the bursa species will not be founded upon the sacrifice and miseries of another. Thus, if I am right, will the object of every great party in the state be obtained in the shortest time, at the least ex pense, with the kart i ieece to any oat, sad the most effectually. 111 r. OWEN then proceeded to reed the constitution, laws, sod regulations proper for • community-such as he proposed; after which he'proceeded to address the metallic. He said, that for many years he bad bad no opportunity of experiencing the beneficial resells chills bad arisen from acting upon the pauripka contained a his propagates,. Indeed, it was a principle so obvious, I h ■t almost all ma• assented to it, namely, that the sitoation of all persons must be influenced by the circumstances which surrounded them. On that principle be had constantly acted for the space of thirty years—(Hrar )--There was no secret in anj thing con tained In New Lanark, for he had always proceeded ups that Dingle prine.ple. He had first discovered the amount of dentoralizieg circumstances around those towards whom ►is operations were directed; and having taineJ that, it required, of course. much study to remove them. He bad me. eessarily to oppose many otd-established piejudices. One of the most powerful of these demu.sl.zing causes were publit • houses—spirit and ginallops—snd he was fully convinced that they prodeeed more than one half of ttie vices, Maas, and miseries of the population. It was quite useless for me ekly to think of imploring the lower classes, velem they bad the rattiest mese.. His first effort was to withdraw the great evil, and in his arrangements no sack thing as • public-itosse was to be found. Other ceases conspired so keep the people la • Hate of poverty, and no man dist did not experience it could know chat a demoralizing circuits stance erns poverty. He had thertfoi e warden bit. metnettreai , e the people front a state of poverty. and under los airaegenients it war impossible any one could be found in t►at reerl.l.on.. Pursuing that great principle, he found the result of his en. demeanors had exeeedal his most sansiiine expeet•tions; •Bid he had no hesitation to state that if his propositions were generally adopted, the population or this country would be alma re moruiize 1, and be raised from a aisle of poverty to comfort nod happiness. He &timed, in t►e moot solitutia maiinee. that society alone was to blame foe all the poverty and vice which pervaded our pope Intion.—(Cite.rs.)— Afier having removed the demoralizing circuntst aaaaa which eerroun.kii t►e population at New Lanark (Which was only an experiment to its bow far it could be male beneficial to the public), he twat awned ►is attention to throe circumstances which sent most likely to ameliorate their condition. He found that the worst of the evil lay very deep, and that in order to eradicate it, the remedy meat go deep ako. He, tltrternre, determined thiii she inmate. Hon of children should continence at two years of age, Lad not as was generally the case, at six oeseven, and from exp.- rivets heel:mid speak, t►at t►em was to period of 'ifs to which it was of more imporarce to attend than from dm skeet &Olean meths, to two and a half years. That might appear to those who were soacquaisted with the crews starwe so exaggerated statement; but they had the autho rity of experience le its fitituar. He did not know if t►ere were any persons preemie w►o bad visited two infant schools established in Lou4aft, pactioadsriy that at Spitalarlds. He had 'eta on exsrastidloary issidosee of that for whir h he was contending at Owl school. It sontaisted 150 chldren from the age of eighteett mau►s so acre years, and he hod trim every one of them paw, thruagb a garde. in which Hors were the most beautiful .wets, awl they dad not touch one of 1 I r