The Sun. — London, England, 1802-01-11 00:00:00

A.W. 4 Trltt famous brigand, LOUIS CHARLES THEO 11°RE TURPIN, .calied LE VIEUX, the most danger ous of the accomplices, and the most intimate of the confidants of .L. pr ELL c-rt ER E the Elder, has at length been arrested in the Commune_ of St. Quintin. des DepartMenr of L'Eure. The Prefed of the DePartment, and the Sub_Prefed of the Arondisse recut of arna attached the greatest importance. to the arrestation of this desperado, and caused him I ° be pursued with as Much ability as perseverance.. Ie was arrested just when preparing to repair to Paris, after having used every possible means to deceive the Police respeCling his projeci : he is now detained at. Evt-eux with LEPELLETIERE, who has recovered of the wounds he received in the attack When seized. Notwithstanding the considerable increase of the 'Water s during yesterday and. last night, the Seine havin g risen six centimetres (above two inches), higher than even it was in the ,year 1740, no ac cident happened in Paris; precautions had b een take n to cause the apartments - in projeiions next the river. to be emptied, and those' also of. the houses situated in the Marche-Neuf, called corn.- rnonly Ia Pate, and of the houses in the street Sr. Louis, near the Palace. The Proprietors and Te tants exerted themselves in procuring to the persons who occupied these apartments every necessary as_ sistance, and the removal of the furniture was tired ed with the greatest tranquillity. The water, 'hich decreases in a sensible manner, has calmed In hee asiness of the Inh a bit an t s . Si nce one o ' c l oc k th es e 4'n e h . l4°r nlng the river has decreased above 61 M. SP " GrerhOble' A Archbishop of Cori n th, arrived a t from Pari s on th e z4th of last month. 'V (-) " the 28th he was to continue his journey to aler.., • In ord er . to ma k e t h e n e cessary prepara /ions fo r trans porting Rome,. the remains of Plus VI. to tilt TRIPUNATE. SITTING OF JANt7AItY I. tHtNtElt spoke to the following purport: " There "'vete tw o'subjeCts• before the Council—.Confisca 'Con and ivii'Deatli ; or, as we say, rfeit, and 'corrupti on of blood. Enotigh h f ad already ure been /s ai d.to.prove the - . iinpolicy of the first: '- I shall pass on to the consideration of Civil Death. Th,is. tystern strikes the as monstrous an d absurd. M e have presented rnan d ead to us the c ontr adiCt or y id ea o f a accordin g to law, and whom, for some purpOst 'the law be supposes to . stilt alive. If, legi s l ators ess , you were merely insignificant and use_ live , since th at must be, it would matter compara tly little. B ut an 'examination of the terribl e ex communication which follows civil death, shews Ithat in agreeing to it yo u wo uld lik ew i se b e gu il ty. t - separa tes the husband from the wife, the father a ,and from hi s c hi ldren. An affectionate and virtuous " wo man remain s constant to her husband,nd gists him to support the miseries of his condition. She is no longer considered than as a concubine, arid the children of this couple, whose misfortunes Perhap s h ave on ly d rawn closer the ties which lUnited them, are braneled with bastardy. We . heard mu c h o f R e li g i on. Here I feel that e gravity of t hi s T i ib une calls upon me to weigh <veil all my expressions. The same principle on whi ch I sh a ll ever boldly Oppose a domineering re .l")', ti 8P ,Fion, ' calls up on me steadily to defend the perfe ..l ertY of re li g i ous opinions. Is this liberty re in.ea this projea ? Two individual s , Join `'' at the Altar of Hymen, consider their mar riage as indissoluble., In despite, of this belief.:.... in violation of this imperious. sentiment -- of those impressed by religious ideas—the Law sud denly breaks in pieces - * these eternal ties ;—it forces this wo man to sta i n h er reputat i on, or to wound her conscience—to become a strumpet, or person guilty of sacr i lege. This woman wishes YO devote-herself to, the misfortunes of her husband, to ea t along with him the bread they have wa— t‘ered with their tears, to he to him another uni t'eere; and You think that from this. union no -1.,;11-2.g'e..a- sPring 'ijtit illegitimate fruits. After remit ',C-' conjugal, filial, and pa- II l-°:V-e-fieilliaving violated every diaate of thus • • ' "utit ' 'tiv .'veiy sentiment of nature, you would punish i n Legi 1 s,„ tuts, let the son the crimes of the father. from .the ci,ii ns spurn from us—let us reject 1 1 Code o f F renc h— this impious regtqtion, D o n t h e . which is not yet in existence no vent you r rage against that lice,a slur upon the d eg . existence. of vi Instead of casting bl' i n virtue, venerate all that lime. Legislators, as lovers of jos punishing yon are that overwhelm ; vice, do not punish virtue—do - -nnocence. WhO has told - you a a f t the c hild -born of a condemned husband and faithful wife, which you declare illegitimate, _may not one day become . a great man ? Who has ....._ " y o ur that the son of an abandoned criminal may „,,,, t ne _, -.fty prov e the saviour of it i s his Country ? But , r ,. . not enough to deprive them of the honour of emize • %till nsbiP : the law stretching its fatal effeas .. farther than under the ancient order of things, Intew,„_ , . ; '' de than theta of the benefit they .might tler, ve from the industry and exertions of their t"fielll ned father. No distinction is made, wile thOr th gid erith ! fortune left by the unhappy wretch is con fiscate Lie, or,trillin. If it is considerable, to con grades - I;: il ews a disgraceful cupidity which de :it betr t--- law to enrich the treasury ; if triaing, al a sordid disposition, to ' • pillage the wi dOw and I, 1,4 1 . i • -er children of the miserable pittance on thlich alone they depend for support. It is said e 19°veronient reserves to itself the power of , assisting .. them.. , The power !--What ! shall vre the G oy arbitrary even in the Civil Code ? If e xxoVernment his the power of giving, has it not ;likewise the power , of Withholding.? It can . . 411e . w mercy, then, 'to the widow, and none to the children ; to the children, and not to the widow ; to collateral% and not to the lineal heirs ! It can grant the whole, or deal out only a part ! If it is painful to find penal provisions in the Civil Code, how much more painful is it to find them when the offencest9 they are meant to prevent and ti?epunish,' are vagu e an d unspecified, and wh ere Y cannot be of a very deep die. Those con tinaed of enormous crimes are sentenced to death, 5 dePQ/t4lion, and to perpetual imprisonment. Tribunes, let all the guilty surer ; but do not ere& despair into a. system—do not invoke an eter nity of ,punishments--do not kindle a hell upon earth. Hasten to reject a system of Laws so bar_ Ivarous and inhuman. We are told, the people confides. For my part, 'I do not understand the expression I confide. No ! we were not sent here to confide—we have all received a commission to inquire and discuss. Let us inquire then—let us discuss. Let us discuss with wisdom, with inde pendence—l do not say with courage. I believe that at the present moment we do not stand in need of courage to discharge our duty. • Yet we shall have a Civil Code, but it 'shall, be, free from the prejudices which philosophy' laS exposed, true to the principles consecrated by the Constituent Assembly, worthy, in fine, of the talents and vir. cues of those called upon. to raise this vast monu ment to the people for whOm it is destined. The Projel has my most decided negative; The Project was accordingly rejeaed by a ma jority of 61 to 3 t. An alarming accident happened in New Bond_ street on Saturday afternoon, which was • happily attended by no serious consequences.—About half after four o'clOck in the afternoon, a chariot belong ing to Mr. JOHNSTONE, M. P. of Hanover-square, stopped opposite the door of Messrs. OAKLEY'S ' Furniture-warehouse ; the coachman imprudently getting off his box, and leaving the horses, the animals, high spirited, set off on a full gallop down Bon&street. Near the corner of Little Brook_ street they encountered the chariot of Mrs. PEA COCK, of Portmansquare, who was in it at the time with another lady. The concussion was so violent as to overturn the chariot of Mrs. PEACOCK ; both pole and springs were broken by the fall. The ladies fell with their heads through the window next the ground. Mrs, PEACOCK'S head laid upon the ground. Providentially the horses did not move during the accident, fot if they had, both the La_ dies must have inevitably been killed. Several Gentlemen assisted to get them from their perilous situation, which was- accomplished without much difficulty. The most singular and happy circum. stance attending the accident was, that both the La dies escaped without the least personal injury. The coachman was thrown from his box, but not hurt. After overturning Mrs. PEACOCK'S carriage, the horses of Mr. JonNSTO NE proceedYd furiously clown the street;. about twenty yards 'Further they drove against the carriage of Mrs. ORIELI., of Park latte r. who was in it with her daughter. Mrs. OR rELL's, being a family coach, was too strong to be easily overturned ; the result was, that the pole and springs of Mr. Joinss-roxi..!'s chariot gave way, and the splinter-bar likewise breaking, the horses were loosened from the carriage, and 'proceeded in their career a few paces further, but without doing more mischief. They were stopped by the servants of a neighbouring stable keeper, Mrs. OR I ELL and - her daughter were much alarmed ; but neither they nor any -other person, were hurt by the accident. Mr. JourisToNE's carriage was greatly damaged. On Friday evening, between eight and nine o'clock, as Colonel SULLIVAN was returning to town on the Edgware Road, with his servant, in his post.chaisz, he was stopped near the Hide, by two footpads, who presented their pistols into the chaise to him, and demanded his money : he replied, if they would take their pistols away, and treat him with humanity, they should have what he had about him; and, accordingly, gaVe them six guineas and some silver. Bat, not satisfied witk this, they insisted on taking a favourite dog he had with him. This he refuSed them, upon which they fired into the carriage ; " but, for_ tunatery, on perceiving them present, - he fell back, and evaded the shots; which he instantly returned, by discharging his pistol at one of them. Both the Colonel and his servant then got out of the chaise, when a trial of strength ensued between them and their antagonists, Which proving unfa_ vourable to the ruffians, one of them drew another from his pocket, and shot the Colonel in the breast, notwithstanding which, the contest continued, which at last ended in the total defeat of tile robbers. The Colonel is hut slightly wounded. A poor Sweep travelling through Stretton, near Burton-upon-Trent, last week, being benighted,. knocked at the door of a Farmer, and begged he might sleep in the stable-till the approach of day, but was refused. The labourer, however, hearing the answer, and having more humanity than his master, suffered him to take his repose upon some straw in the barn. It happened a b ou t two o ' c l oc k in the morning, two villains came with a horse and cart, with an intent to rob the barn, and having nearly filled one bag, said, 'twas a pity they had not engaged another man to hold the candle; the poor•sweep hearing this (and imagining the men be longed to the house), rushed from the straw and ex claimed, " 0, I'll hold the candle !" The villains, at this unexpected answer, and the appearance of his black face and white teeth, hastily decamped, leaving horse, cart, and bags, at the disposal of the supposed devil. An unusual circumstance was observed to take place fast Sunday se'nnight, which is considered as portentive of a hard winter or great fill of snow— A flock of Lalks, covering to a very ttat depth an extent of ground three quarters of a mile in breadth, and two miles in length, and so crowded as to represent an immense curtain, passed over the western coast of Kept, in a dire} line fur the Con tinent. A similar instance occurred the beginning. of the last hard winter we had, which is the only similar instance remembered. The Lark is not in general considered a migratory bird. To-morrow the Sessions of the Peace for the City of London will be held at Guildhall, for the trials of assaults, misdemeanours, &c. before the Lord Mayor, Recorder, &c. On Wednesday the Ses . sions of Oyer and Termi ner will commence at the Oid Bailey. There are upwards of 8o prisoners for trial, several of whom are for capital ofFences. Nearly two millions of'oranges have been im ported into tl•he Metropolis within ten days ; ten thousand cwt. of raisins, and five thousand seven hundred cwt. of currants, were received within the like period UR IC LS' E PiR reBforatiOh of Peace between Frande and the Turkish Empire, the hope of attaching to us by in_ dissoluble ties, an ancient Ally. whose fidelity has undergo ;e so many cruel trials ; the iffesrimable ad.. vantages which we may derive from its union with us, are motives sufficiently cogent to ihteiest us in behalf of an Empire, which, happily for Ciancei has not fallen a vietim to the prediction of j. J; RoussEAu, and has not disappeared from the face of Europe, before the..end of;. the . eighteenth cen tury. The influence of , rcligion,, conjointly with the habitual sanEtion of 500 years, had consolidated the authority of the Turkish Emperors, when the la t e war which they s u s t a i n ed against Austria and Rus sia, seemed to shake the foundations of this formid able pOwer4 ..The loss of a million of subjefts, the revolt of the Governors of the - Asiatic Provinces, the menacing attitude of European Bashaws, the re bellion of 1786, revived among the Beys of Egypt, the Province of Bagdat nearly declaring itself in dependent, the whole of Turkey in Asia, exposed to pillage and an unbridled licentiousness, the death of the unfortunate Sultan An DULLHAMID ; were the fatal effects of the sanguinary contests in which the Ottoman Empire has been involVed for the last 15 years with its neighbours. • In the midst of these critical events, SELIM at 24. 1 yearsof age, ascended the tottering throne of MAt: ommt D. Endowed with the -most amiable -qualities, animated with the purest intentions, and impelled by the ardour of youth, SE IM instantly devoted his mind to the reformation of abuses. He - gave no quarter to those powerful Rebels, . who had become almost habituated to. independence, and had he been allowed to have pursued his own plans, had • he been permitted to have taken the command in person of an army that was attached to him, SELIM would have rivalled the OSMANS and the SOLY MANS. But , the Courtiers who surrounded the throne, strongly opposed the execution of these ge2 nerous projects. To that epoch, the Koran had been the only fundamental law of the State; and the-Divan, corn posed of six Viziers, or Bashaws with three tails, of the Mufti, and of tie two Cadileskiers, (or two Ministers of Justice, of Roni. , :lia and Natolia), were entirely dependent on. the GRAND VIZIER, who assembled them at,his pleastite;- and who alone held the reins of Government. There is one remarkable circumstance, e4pecially in Turkey, that a GoVern_ merit upheld by the two-fold authority of religion and time, was capable of being changed, without struggles, violence, effusion of blood, or the depo_ sition of the Prince. This, however, happened under SE Lim. The power of the GRAND VIZIER was entrusted to a C ounc il o f S tate ,- in which the former enjoyed only the right of sanctioning the Decrees, determined upon by • the majority. This measure was projeded and executed by two men, RASCH I D-EFEENDI and ISCHEL IDI-EFF EN names- which will for everbe renowned in the Annals of Turkey. They associated to their cause JUSSUPI-I-AGA, through whose influence the Sul tana Dowager was brought to engage in the scheme. Shgts;ok advantage of the asr:endaney wl4ch the fillA piety of her son had given her over him, while the two Effendis proved t o t h e M onarc h, that this reform was the only method of terminat ing the disorders, and of securing the confidence of a Veople, who were become restless at beholding. their Prince stripped of heirs, and who were desir ous of the establishment of a new order of things, that might prevent the Calamities attendant on civil The new Council of State was thus organized.. and composed of t.:ri Members, namely, a Kiaja_ hey (Vice Grand Vizier), a Reis-Effendi (Secretary of State for Foreign Affiiirs), a Refterdar Effendi (Mini s ter of Finance), an Itchelidi-Effendi (Ad ministrator of the Produß of the Taxes), a Forsana- Ernini (Minister of Marine), an Ischiaou-Baschi (Secretary - of State), two Reis-Effendis, and two Refterdar-Effendis,. who -- .hai - e'been removed from • their funtions. At extraordinary Meetings, flussr IN, the fam4 Capitan Bashaw, and jussurmAGA, the Chamber lain of the. Sultana Mother, were summoned to at:. tend. HUSSEIN, who has been so often mentioneldur-, ing the late war in Egypt, was the slave of SEL IM, during the captivity which, as heir to the throne, the latter was compelled to undergo, agreeably to the usages of Turkey. -.Born in Giorgia, of humble parents, he raised himself by the favour of his master to the rank -of High Admiral, and SELIM even gave him -his sisterin marriage. JUSSUPFI AGA, . the chief author of these innovations, re-, tains a powerful influence over the new order of affairs; he left Candia, his native country, and ar rived at Constantinople, destitute of interest, wealth or friends ; but the versatility .of his charatler,' unite 4-, his talents and perfect f knowledge of men, raised him to the distinguished rank which he now fills. Thus, the close of the eighteenth century, a period fertile in revolutions, produced in Turkey also a great change in 'its political government, it is considered as very remarkable, chat th e p eo pl e, became acqUainted 'with this change only by - the effetts which it occ:asioned ; the secret was for a long time known only La the Seraglio anti the Court. This novelconstitu tion is called, The Code of Sultan' SFlrm (NAUSUMSUL I All-SEL Jr.l), and from the mo ment of its adoption, the Council Of State became the foeus of all public affairs. Experience soon proved that the people were no gainers by these innovations. • The members of aid new State Council, having assumed a. species of aristocratic authority, endeavoured to remove and weaken the Janitaries, who werc the partizans and Support of the ancient order of things. Their number was minced ; those distributed in the Pro vinces were nor paid; they were.celled to adopt a discipline heretofore unknown tO theth; they were drilled according to the• rule-s, of European mates, and at length they were driven to become 'mal contents. The Toptchi, the Djebedschi, the Bo standschi, were - the first to submit to the reforma tions which were proposed for the whole Ottoman ariay ; but the discontent of the. janizaries soon communicated itself. to the other subjeds of the . . Empire. Tt ii6eirhe necessary to abandon the Euroa. . • . peati system Najd ; could not be stippOrteet Withotit accruing an enormous expellee; .tor which no provision had been .made. The other innov a: Lions experienced anearly the same fate; the ,eve, flues were in a state of the highest disorder ; the Provinces murmured against the exorbitant sve;e tit of taxes, although a considerable share of the do. mains and prOperty of the Grand Signer had been sold to defray the public Wants. On every-side the new adthinistration encountered difficulties ; tflct power of Stelet had become tot; weak to reneda. the evil ; the Sultana mother exercised an unlimited. sway, find the Council were enabled to erhpioy:Ordy. feeble palliatives, which increased instead of di. minishing di; public embarrassments: In the midst of this crisis, appeared l i Asswicat Oceou, • of whom so much has been, and still continues to be published. Never did a rebel Bae shave possess so much talents, address, and perse. verance. He avowed his inclination to submit td the Grand Signor the moment he resumed that sceptre which he had entrusted to a Council of State, _in opposition to the law of the Koran, and con trary to the inclinations of the true disciples of MAHOMMED. He called himself the friend and supporter of the ancient regime ; in consequence of which, the `Janizaries, and all the dissalleated in the different provinces, rallied round his standard, and thus a formidable army was colleetel, which, though- sometimes dispersed by want of provisions, and by disunion, at other times victorious and etn boldened.by success, maintains its menacing atti a tude to the present hour. The first advantages gained by Passwas: Ooreou soon encouraged all the mal-contents who had not yet declared themselves. 'The enviro ns of Sabey, Traunich a Sophia, Adrianople, Tarnova, Philipopolis and other parts, were tfie theatre of rebellions which burst'forth at the same time. The insurgents, without plan, 'concert, Or discipline, fought - sometimes against the BaShaws and other Par tizans of the Porte, at other times they fought against -each other. The Commandant of Nissa one day went out of his garrison for a walk ; on his return, he found the gates of the city closed, and he was obliged to save himself by flight. The Hos_ podar of Moldavia was compelled to purchase his • liberty of those very persons he was sent to com mand ; the formidable Montenegrins took an aCtiee part in all these disorders, and every where anarchy and riot prevailed. , • The insurreCtion'at B e l gra d e was another conse quence of all these disorders. The Journals of Europe have been filled with its derails. For a long time the Divan had ceased to hold any coo munication with the remoter provinces of the Ern. pire, and it received intelligence of the events, which happened_at Belgrade long after the rebel... • lion had broken out. It then endeavoured to con. sole the unfortunate Bashaw whom the Janizaries held in captivity, by conferring on him the dignity of Seraskier ; the Government of Bosnia, which was in the possession of PasswAN, and the cont.. mand of an Army of 20.000 men. But of what r. use were all these sounding titles to a man impria soned by a rebel force ? The troops which should have been sent against the rebels never made their appearance. ; the son of the Bashaw could 'afford no assistance to'riis father,. and the Divan .was con- . strained to make concessions, and to embolden the malcontents by This tacit avowal of its weakness. An amnesty was granted to the Janizaries, and to all who chose to accept of it. Peace was restooel, but it has not proved of long duration. The in.. surrr o ents. have not f u lfill e d • the conditi ons o f t h e amnesty ; habituated to the policy of PASSIV thty pretend, like him, that they never took up arms against the Grand Signor, but against his .CoUncil ; and in his' name they took possession of Belgrade. It must be confessed that the science of . Insurreetion has been brought to a great degree of perfeeiion among the Turks, who are not inferior, in this gout, to more polished communities. • In this._manner the spirit of anarchy, 'of revolt and pillage, has ravaged the beautiful provinces of the Ottoman EMpire, from the frontiers of Austria to the gates of Constantinople. The cause of these disasters must be attributed to those innovations, which have been enforced, and from their origina tion we must date that dangerous fermentation which has nearly subverted the Empire'of Mahorrened.— The provinces of Asia and of Africa have likewic e felt their terrible,effefts. The Grand Vizier, in his Expedition to Egypt, found every where none hut mutinous BaShaws, who disdained to reeognize his authority. The 'celebrated GHEZZAR, BaShilktV Of Acre, by his stubborn resistance, and deprived ot' the. abilities of Sir SIDNEY SMITH, had tbrosvn the greatest obstacles in the way of the Cnaihined Armies. A similar rivalship manifested itself in Egypt, between the Grand Vizier and the Capiran Bashaw ; and the English had more difficulty in preventing theM from fighting one against the other, than they experienced in contending ail tosather against their common enemy. This mutinous diSposition which predominated over the provinces. of three pats of the anci ent Worlde'displayed itself also in the Divan. It was remarked that it was _divided into two Parties, the one. attached to the interests of Britain, the other to those of France', Great alterations appeared in the condu& of those persons • who were 00041 with the public authority. The capital seemed fast ap. proaching to a .condition in which it was •to have become the centre of fresh troubles - and insurrec. •- tions, When the Peace restored to the Sublime Porte one of its most important provinces,. and placed in its hands, arms and powerful resources, wherewith to crush the fa&ious, and repair its disorders. The pacific conduit of chi: young Emperor of Russia, the interest of France, and even the inclinations of Bri; rain, secure an independent existence to Turkc'y, which tray he protracted to an indefinite duration, if the Government will renounce those projects of innovation, which have proved so fatal in their operation, and of which it is now evident, that the lurks are not, at this time, suscer4ble. O►► Tuesday a man took his wife into Plymouth Dock Market,' with a halter about her neck, and acivally sold-her publicly_to a, stone mason's I,lbourer for is. and a glass of gin. He carried off his bstr. gain, and three - children, her appendlges, amidst the shouts 'and liuzzos of the mob. •