The Sun. — London, England, 1859-08-22 00:00:00

THE SUN. MONDAY, AUGUST 22, 1859. The happiest augury for Italy is discoverable in every stage of the progress made the Central States towards their political emancipation. Tuscany— Parma—Modena—abandoned each and all of them by their Grand Ducal Sovereigns, have each and all evidenced the noblest right to independence of action in the choice of a new Government. De prived suddenly of all the guarantees of order they have signalized the emergency in a manner worthy of a body of enlightened freemen, resolved upon vindicating their inalienable title to the privilege of choosing tneir future rulers for themselves. It is a crisis that they have all three nobly passed through under the two extremes of a fierce and gigantic war, and of an abrupt and questionable pacification. In spite of all the disturbing influ ences around them they have never once either literally or figuratively lost their self-possession. The judgment of the Tuscans, of the Parmese, and of the Modenese has remained serene, rational, and unshaken throughout. Armed contingents have marched across their territories, have advanced beyond their northern frontiers, have come almost within sight and sound of the actual belligerents — these contingents have been unexpectedly debarred (at a moment the most tantalising) from the heroic privilege of crossing swords with the foe for the liberation of their common fatherland—they have been marched back again without having been able to strike a blow, or to burn upon the actual field of battle a single ounce of gunpowder. Central Italy, in fact, has been, first of all, excited to the utmost pitch of warlike enthusiasm, and in the very midst of this immediately afterwards constrained to adopt an unexpected policy of complete quiescence. The populations of Tuscany, of Parma, and of Modena, have, in other words, been successively warmed to fever heat and chilled to a state of arctic refrigeration—yet the pulse of that part of the projected Confederation has been throb bing all the while equably. The popular feeling of those Central States has continued through all these events undisturbed. There have been, moreover, in the Central States of Italy—besides the warlike inarchings and the peaceful countermarchings already mentioned— there have been elections, there have been debates, there have been public festivities in the midst of the campaign of Solferino and others celebrated subse quently to the meeting at Villafranca. Yet from the commencement to the conclusion of those occurrences there has not been recorded anywhere in ihose Central States a solitary outrage. Not one disaster appears to have followed from the withdrawal from Florence and the other capitals of the petty dynasties and of their subordinate administrative organisation. Not one assassination—not one act of incemliarism —not a robbery—not an emeute has resulted from the sudden shaking down of the whole fabric of the local governments. The citi zens have been compelled upon the spur of the moment to improvise from among themselves — army—national guard—police--legislators—admi nistrators. How theyhave done all this during these last few months we all know—we have already inti mated—Europe has beheld the spectacle with ad miration. The opportunity has, at least, been afforded —at last—to those portions of the great Italian faraii y. And gloriously have they availed themselves of that opportunity. Their conduct in this we cannot but regard as auspicious, in, the fullest sense of the phrase, not only for themselves but for the whole length and breadth of that beautiful and historic peninsula. GARIBALDI, now that he has me < ] the position there of Commander-in-Chief of the forces of Central It a ly may be said in .a ver y g r eat measure, and without one particle of exaggeration, to have at this .momentous epoch, at his very foot, the destinies of thil Italian nationality. He occupies there, i n that particular capacity as Commander-in-Chief of the forces of Central ltaly, the position of on c who stands midway on the plank of Libert ,y--now still oscillating from the shock admin;.s tered to it by the rivalry of the two Empera rs—a rivalry to all appearance at the beginnit 'g of the campaign pretty well equipoised. To care • out the simile—the plank has been shifted (during ,the late campaign) by the breadth of all Lombardy.! And this shifting, it may be remem: bered, was effected not so much by a see-saw motion of att . / kind, so much as by a rapid run off from tb e 'Reim to the Mincio, with more or less f ormia able jolts successively at Montebello, at P aler . Aro, at Magenta, and at Solferino. Finally the: 0 beam is left balancing anew upon the signal given by that abrupt obstruction to any further movement (whether of advance or of retrogression) at Villafranca. In this new position of the long and still unequally and unsteadily balanced plank of the Roman Peninsula—there is GARIBALDI standing Colossus-wise midway—placed there in precisely the very position, where, by leaning more or less to one side or the other, he may effectually sway the destinies of his glorious father land. It is an enviable position—and it is one, moreover, of solemn responsibility. Fortunately, from his antecedents, there cannot remain much doubt as to the course which is likely to be adopted in this crisis of the destinies of his country by General GARIBALBI. All around him, are noble and worthy coadjutors. A gallant army—small, it is true, but admirably disciplined, and burning with eagerness to flesh their swords, if need be, at some Italian Marathon. A patriotic legislature, composed of the most gifted, the most powerful, and the most illustrious citizens of the several States. A bold and determined Ministry. A calm and resolute population. These are the political elements surrounding GARIBALDI, ready, each and all of them, to co-operate in any enterprise he may deem advisable when the moment for it may arrive. As Commander-in-Chief we cannot, with his past history before us, doubt that GARIBALDI will—should those elements be driven into tem pest—prove himself under qualified any emerency, however desperate, to— " Ride on the whirlwind and direct the storm." At either extremity of that long plank, upon which (to revert to our homely image) he stands midway —at either extremity of it there is in one direction Naples, the political ally of Austria, and in the other Piedmont, not only the political ally of France, but her dynastic associate and her heroic comrade on the battlefield. In this situation of the Beam of Liberty in the Roman Peninsula, we see the indubitable auguries of hope for Italy and the Italians. GARIBALDI, there at the critical moment, ready most effectively, Brennus-like, to throw his sword into the scale—we have more than ever confidence in the future of Italy, if only the Italians be left to themselves. Wherever kingcraft without one heroic attribute is more dominant than it ought to be, it is surpris ing how little importance is attached to the life of the individual who claims to be its representative. Scarcely any interest at all has been felt in regard to the successive deaths, recently, of the King of NORWAY and SWEDEN, and of the King of the Two SICILIES. Royal though their position, they have gone to their graves obscurely, and beyond the circle of their own immediate families there is scarcely a sigh heard for either OSCAR or FERDINAND. The same dull track to the tomb is now being tra versed by the faineant King of PRUSSIA, now slowly and obscurely dying unregretted in that palace of the house of Oldenburgh, called by an absurd misnomer Sans Souci. It is only where monarchy acquires an undue predominance that the state herald can announce with a tone of indif ference—Le _Roi est inort—Vire le _Rol ! The funeral toll of the bourdon mingling there, as a mere matter of course, with the clash of joy bells for the successor. Contrast the indifference recently experienced at Naples and at Christiana and that which is now observable at Berlin, with the profound emotions that would be excited nearer home by a similar catastrophe—against which the whole nation, Sunday after Sunday, in every place of public worship, offers up its heartfelt prayers to HEAVEN, Kingcraft, without the redeeming, or at least mitigating, trait of heroism, places the chief and the nation in hateful antagonism. Under a constitutional monarchy the individuality of the Sovereign, so far from being lost or merged in the cold ideal of an institution, is taken home into the hearts and lives beside the hearths of the people, as among their cherished lures. To recognise the vivid truth of this, it is only needful—without drawing any unnecessarily painful comparison—it is only need ful to contrast the recent deaths of OSCAR of Sweden, and of FERDINAND of the Two Sicilies, or this gradually on-coming death of FREDERICK WILLIAM of Prussia, with that demise of the Princess CHARLOTTE, which, forty years ago, was mourned almost as a domestic affliction thrOugh out the millions of our population. HER MAJESTY'S VISIT TO THE NORTH.—It is now definitely arranged that her Majesty, the Prince Con sort, and the rest of the Royal Family at present at Os borne will leave London for Balmoral on this day week— viz., Monday, the 29th inst. Her Majesty and Court will proceed io Edinburgh via the Great Northern Railway, the directors of which line have received instructions to have a special train in readiness to leave King's-cross station at 9 p.m., so that the Royal journey will be made by night. The Prince Alexander Radzivil has arrived at Longs Hotel from Paris. The Prince Boris Galitzin has arrived at Long's Hotel from Paris. The Duke of Sutherland embarked at Liverpool early last week on board his yacht, on his way to Dun robin Castle. The Marquis and Marchioness of Stafford are with the noble duke. The Duke and Duchess of Argyll, with the Mar quis of Lorn and youthful family, have left Campden Hill for Inverary Castle, for the autumn. The 'Earl and Lady Constance Grosvenor arrived in town early on Saturday from Brighton, and later in the day departed to join the Duchess of Sutherland at Cliefden Park, near Maidenhead. The Earl and Countess of Lichfield have arrived within the last few days at his lordship's shooting quarters in the* north of Scotland, from Shugborough Hall, Stafford- shire. The La4y de L'lsle and Dudley gave birth to a son on Friday last, at Ingleby Manor, Yorkshire. Admiral Sir George Mundy has left the Queen's Hotel, Upper Norwood, for town. The Lord Chancellor, the Baroness Stratheden, and the Hon. Miss Campbell left London on Saturday for the Oatlands Hotel, Walton-on-Thames. A marriage is about to take place between Mr. Ynyr Henry Burges, only son of Mr. and Lady Caroline Burges, and the Hon. Edith Wilbraham, sister of Lord Skelmersdale. The period fixed for the nuptials is early next month, and they will take place at Latham, in Lan- cashire. The Earl and Countess of Leicester arrived last week at the noble earl's shooting-box in the Highlands, from Holkham Hall, Norfolk. The Count Guedeonoff has arrived at the Bruns wick Hotel, Jermyn-street, from St. Petersburg. Mr. A. R. Bristow, M.P., and Mrs. Bristow left Grosvenor-street on Saturday for Dover, en route for Paris. MORTALITY IN EMIGRATION FROM CHINA TO CUBA.—The mortality in the emigration from China to Cuba during the six months from June to December, IBJB 7 inolusive, was no less than 20 . 28 per cent. JonN MI TCHEL.—The South has lost a citizen, and Ireland, doubtless, is about to recover a rebel. Mr. John Mitchel has hurled away his fruitless pen in scorn, and sets sail once more for Europe ; not, of course, as we presume, for the dominions of her Britannic Majesty, in which the Guelph and the gaol still deform the accursed soil, but pro bably for the revolutionary Romagna, or the Convention at Zurich. Slavery has refused to kindle at his voice into glory ; slaveholders have declined to subscribe to his journal; The and his lsn th o e st U ri nin , las not so much as quaked at the thunder of the apostle vulgar must, therefore,emotions of 1 c i b e o n r d t y e s . c e T lyl e o dullnce more to trifl e w i t h lhoivsewoafnd golndohwaosvfeairlthe hearts and th e h o pes of men, to failed to flame at his touch ; he will wave may perhaps be a little obscure, but who must surely cat c h th e whom his language magnetic passion of his trained and infallible tones. To subside slave trade to the work of e from the we be lieve, the nationalities, Mr. glory of defending the Mitchel, who is as classical, a nzsl o t feel to be a derogation, at considerate in his politics, n a . Nothing, in his tastes es he is French army, under the least, if not a positive degr adatio n. could have re conciledbut the hope of marching withupon Killarn ey, rdthen, beware! we imagine, g o e f las the Duke of Uagenta, directly him to such a change. Let Eng land , As Philip Augustus sent word by sucb so, now, we may fairly advise Great B * e clumsy age allowed to King John of the release n Cceur , de Lion with the words " The Devil is nnloosede;harkd ta hee in d , ta9 " JtilotzselfMlithel is afloat. May the Havre steamerl.l - him back solely to the Old World !" is the petition, Horat i an , perhaps, with which we shall dis not precise miss hint w h en he goes.- - -Now lork Zino. LATEST NEWS. The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : VIENNA, MONDAY MORNING. The official Weiner Zeitung of this day contains he following IMPERIAL DECREE. Count Rechberg, who retains his post as Minister for Foreign Affairs, is appointed President of the Cabinet. Baron Hubner is appointed Minister of Police. Count Goluchowski, Minister of the Interior. Councillor (Geheimerath) Kempen von Fichten stamm, chief of the police, is dismissed with a pension. Baron Bach, formerly Minister of the Interior, has been appointed Ambassador to Rome. The Ministry of Commerce is entirely dissolved. Its duties are divided between the Ministers of the Interior, of Exterior, and of Finance. The non-official portion of the Vienna Zeitung contains an article stating that there is a general feeling of anxiety in the public mind concerning the subjects which have been till now under serious deliberation by the Imperial Council, and which are— 1. Regulation of the control of the finances. 2. Free exercise of the Protestant religion. 3. The regulation of Jewish affairs. 4. The regulation of the municipalities. The representation of the provinces will later come under deliberation. The article concludes thus :—" Too great caution in advancing is as much to be avoided as too great haste." MODENA, AUGUST 20. The National Assembly, after having proclaimed the forfeiture (decheance) by the Duke Francis V. of the Ducal Throne, voted for taking the follow ing motion into consideration, namely : The Assembly decrees the annexation of the Modenese State to the monarchical, constitutional, and glorious kingdom of the dynasty of Savoy, under the magnanimous sceptre of King Victor Emmanuel." MODENA, AUGUST 21. To-day the National Assembly unanimously de creed the annexation of Modena to Piedmont. It further adopted the proposal to confirm the dicta torship of Carlo Farini. After the report on the motion of Signor Maromotti had been read the National As sembly unanimously resolved, both by open voting as well as by ballot, to confirm and maintain even at the price of sacrifices the union of the Modenese provinces to the monarchical and constitutional Kingdom of the glorious House of Savoy, under the sceptre of the magnanimous King Victor Em manuel 11. Two proposals were then taken into considera tion, one . of Deputy Pucchi for the authorisation o, a loan of 5,000,000 lires. All the deputies were present with the exception of General Fianti, who was not able to leave his post in the Piedmontese army. FLORENCE, AUG. 20. The National Assembly to-day unanimously voted the annexation of Tuscany to Piedmont amid the acclamations of Viva it Re ! TURIN, AUG. 20. To-day the King received Signor Matteucci, the Tuscan envoy to the Court of Turin. A defensive league has been concluded between the states of Central Italy. Prince Hercolani, the delegate of the Government of the Legations, has signed the act of accession to the League. ZURICH, AUG. 21. Yesterday there was no sitting of the conference, but the plenipotentiaries of France and Sardinia held a consultation together. NAPLES, AUG. 21. The disbanded Swiss regiment has embarked here to-day, and will arrive at Marseilles on the 24th inst. BOLOGNA, AUG. 19. Signor Albert Mario and his wife (late Miss Jessie White) have been arrested. BERNE, AUG. 20. At the banquet given by the Austrian Ambas sador in honour of the birthday of the Emperor Francis Joseph, Count Colloredo said that " the fact of all the plenipotentiaries being present proves that our work of peace will be crowned with success." BRUSSELS, AUG. 20. In to-day's sitting of the Chamber of Deputies the project of law on the fortifications of Antwerp was agreed to. There were 106 members present, of whom 57 voted for and 42 against the project. Seven mem bers abstained from giving their votes. , • .0 .fc; , b ,Rour J -)c ikT- puyAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Linder the Management of Mr. Charles Kean. THIS EVENLNG, THE WIFE'S SECRET. Mr. and Mrs. C. Kean. To conclude with A MIDSUMMER NIGHT'S DREAM. Commence at 7. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Bnckstone. THIS EVENING the performances will oommence with THE CONTESTED ELECTION. With THE CRITIC. Mr. C. Mathews and Mrs. Fitzwil- Ham. And HALLOWE'EN. Commence at 7. NEW THEATRE - ROYAL, ADELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. Benj. Webster. THIS EVENING, the performances will commence with THE FLOWERS OF THE FOREST. Messrs. Billington, Stuart, P. Bedford, C. Marshall' C. J. Smith, Garden ; Miss Marian Lacey, Miss K. Kelly, and Mrs. Billington. Followed by the new burlesque, THE BABES IN THE WOOD. Messrs. C. Marshall, Paul Bedford, C. J. Smith, Eburne ; Miss Woolgar and Miss K. Kelly. Acting Manager—Mr. Wm. Smith. 'Doors open at a quarter-past six—Commence at seven. Box Office open fromio to 5 —no charge for booking. No fees to servants permitted. A registry kept of all articles found. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborough THIS EVENING, THE MAID WITH THE 3IILKING PAIL, After which, A SCHOOL FOR COQUETTES. Misses Swanborough, Oliver, and Lavine. Followed by THE VERY LATEST EDITION OF THE LADY OF LYONS. Commence-at 7 o'clock: VERDI'S OPERA OF MACBETH. The whole of the first Act of this Opera, now produced for the first time in this country (the remaining three acts being in course of rehearsal), is sung nightly at the CAN TERBURY HALL CONCERTS. THE DELEPIERRE FAMILY, consisting of three Juvenile Violinists, viz., Jules, Juliette, and Julia Delepierre, aged, respectively, FOUR, SIX, and EIGHT years. The perfect execution by these Lilliputian . Artistes of some of the most difficult and brilliant Solos, Duels, and Trios eves written for the violin, has excited mingled wonder and admi ration in Continental Musical Circles, and drawn forth enthu elastic tributes of praise from the Public Journals of France and Belgium. - - They will perform TWICE EACH EVENING, in addi tion to the usual Entertainments. THE WEATHER.-SUN OFFICE, AI) GU ST 21. THERNOXETER, IN THE SHADE. 77—highest since noon yesterday. 75—lowest this morning and during the night. 71—this day at noon. BAROMETER-30.29. WIND, Northerly; light, with fine weather. Ara. 22. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 71—highest since noon yesterday. 61—lowest this morning and during the night. 74—thisday at noon. _ _ BA.RomETER , -30. 36 . WIND, North-Westerly ; light, with fine weather. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Txia DAY.—Morning, 6h: 53m.—Afternoon, 7h. 20m. To-Moßßow-Morning, 7h. 54m.—Afternoon, Bh. 3.5 m. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST 22, 1859. duration, sosas to restore to Europe the blessings of peace. The Prussian Government having addressed to the cabinet of London a communication identical with the one we have received, our august master takes pleasure in believing that the British Govern ment will join in a step of such manifest European interest, the rather as the possibility of a satisfac tory issued is increased by the pacific dispositions that the French Government has made known to • • us. But the more we desire its success the more we feel the necessity of preparing the chances in its favour by a thorough examination of the ways pos sibly reading thereto. Therefore, whilst expressing to Baron Schleinitz our adherence to the overture he has made us, your excellency is invited by order of our august master to explain to him with entire frankness the obser vations it suggests to us. We know as yet, in general terms, the readiness of the French Government to receive the idea of a negotiation for peace under the mediation of the three courts, but we are in perfect ignorance of the Austrian Government's intention with respect to it. The moment the three neutral powers should be agreed on the principle of an understanding, with a view to the proposed mediation, it would appear to us to be essential for the belligerent powers to be invited to declare their adhesion to this principle and the reciprocal bases upon which they believe they could act in the negotiations for peace. It is only after being put in possession of these elements that the three courts could form an opinion and proceed with knowledge of the subject to the work of mediation, that would have to precede the treaty of a congress for the reorganisation of Italy, keeping in sight the equilibrium of Europe and the interest of social order. Such is the line of conduct that alone seems to us to be feasible, and in conformity with the character of conciliation and impartiality of the mission de volved on the great neutral powers at the conjunc ture of the moment. These considerations are dictated to us even by the interest we feel in the efforts which the initi t tive taken by the cabinet of Berlin enables us to make in concert « ith it and the British Govern ment for the re-establishment of peace. Our august master feels the most sincere good wishes for their success, and his Majesty would de rive the greatest satisfaction from proceeding with his Royal Highness the Prince Regent in the path of a mutual agreement so conformalle to the tradi tions of the constant friendship uniting Russia with Prussia, and having for its object a pacification so essential to the general interests of Europe. Your Excellency may give to Baron Schleinitz the assurance of our most loyal and ready co-opera tion.—Receive, &c., GORTCHAKOFF. To his Excellency the Baron of Budberg, &c. PRUSSIA. A Berlin letter says :—" We have just been in formed that the Prince Regent will leave for Ostend on the 19th, if nothing unforeseen occurs meanwhile. This fact seems to indicate that the King's life is not in immediate danger, and that his illness may last a considerable time. The Am bassadors who had not taken advantage of their leave of absence, on account of his Majesty's health, will also leave the capital in a few days. The Prince Regent lately exercised for the first time since his accession to power the right of confirming sentences to death in two cases. The counsel of one of the condemned persons pretended that the Prince had not the right to confirm a sentence of the kind, the right being, he alleged, personal in the King, and not transferable. The question, it is said, was submitted to the law officers of the Crown, who were unanimous in their decision against the opinion given by the prisoner's counsel." THE BOMBAY MAIL. The Bombay overland express mail has brought letters and journals from Bombay to the 21st July inclusive. The following is from the summary of the Bombay Overland : It is feared that 8,000 or 10,000 of the European troops of the late East India Company will claim their discharge. Iu Rajpootana, Saugor, and Gwalior small bodies of rebels are still moving about. The Governor-General has appointed Tuesday, the 26th instant, as a day of general thanksgiving for the suppression of the mutiny. The English mail of the 18th ult. arrived in Bombay on the 10th inst. BHOPAL—Under a Government which persists in so jealous a monopoly of information as this, it is impossible to affirm with certainty what the state of the country really is. It was the complaint nine months ago, of high officials in the Southern Malt ratta country, that the Bombay press knew less of what was doing there than it did of what was doing in Cabul ; and it remains to be seen how long this mischievous reticence will be tolerated. When Mr. John Stuart Mill was examined before the Lords in 1852, we find him repeatedly . lamenting that there was no efficient public opinion brought to bear upon the Indian Government. How can there be a public opinion in India, when its Government exercises the most jealous monopoly of all informa tion that reaches its hands ? What is the state of our Mofussil to-day—what the state of Rajpootana and Central India ? We defy any man out of the precincts of the council room to tell. We received information yesterday of two im portant actions having been fought near Saugor within the last month by Lieut. Roome, of the 10th Native Infantry, with certain rebel bodies, consist ing, as we suppose, of the debris of Tantia Toper's force. Lieut. Roome, than whcm the service does not contain a more gallant officer, is commanding, we believe, a detachment of the 10th Native In fantry, and of Mayne's Horse, at Basonda, and is said to have surprised Adeel Mohammed on the 93d ult., in the neighbourhood of Gooriepoora. The attacking force consisted of 160 men of the 10th Native Infantry, and 100 of the horse. Roome left Basonda on the 22d, hoping that the rebels, said to be 2,000 strong, and amongst them 800 mutineers, would await his attack, if made with so small a force. The rebel leader had taken up a strong posi tion in the hills, about a coss distant from Goorie poora, but seems to have wanted at the last moment to sustain the assault. Our little column advanced carefully, though rapidly, upon the position, to find it abandoned. Lieut. Blair with the cavalry pursued and cut up 100 of the enemy. The column was fired upon on its return at the village of Gooriepoora, when Roome gave orders to st orm it, an operation which was performed without loss, and the supplies of an army collected therein destroyed. On the 27th information was brought into Basonda that another leader, Surferas Khan, with 300 sepoys, was again encamped at Gooriepooria ; and Roome marched at 12 o'clock that night to come upon the rebels just as they were preparing to march in the morning. The cavalry were at once let slip, but the rebels made for and secured the hills. A few only were cut up. These were all Bengal sepoys, and showed a good deal of discipline in their tactics, for after the first charge they took up a position in the rocks where the horses could not follow, and kept up a steady fire of musketry and abuse upon the assail ants. The infantry finally dislodged them from the ground they i ad taken, killing a large number of them, and capturing all their horses and baggage animals. Among the dead were sepoys who had fought at Moadla and Guzerat, as was evidenced by the medals that were found upon them. The effact of these operations has been to reduce the dis trict to the semblance of loyalty. The villagers had previously refused supplies, and vaunted that thy did not recognise the English Sirkar, and would sell nothing to the troops. It is hard to see the cad of this state of matters. We are reaping the whirl wind, and know not when our work will be done. GlVALlOR.—Particulars have been received in Bombay of a very gallant action being fought by Major Meade in the neighbourhood of Seepree. On the morning of the Ist inst., Meade arrived at the village of Goorweilajee with 40 men of the 92d Highlanders, 100 of Meade's Horse, and 100 of the 9th Native Infantry. The village was stormed at once, and the rebels took shelter in a square tower, whence they were finallysmoked out, and destroyed to a man, with a loss of 10 killed and wounded on our side. RAJ POOTANA.—Extract of a letter from Rajpoo tana, 2d July :—" Nixon goes towards Nuggur Parker. It appears that Colonel Evans and Lieu tenant Tyrwhitt thought the business was over, and dismissed almost all the troops, retaining only two levies and a couple of companies. On the night of the 20th (the day that the head quarters of the Belooch battalion marched on their return to Hyderabad), the Nuggur Parker Rana made a suc cessful attempt to escape, overpiwered and cut down Evans's and Tyrwhitt's guards, cut the tent ropes, .seized the treasure, and liberated the prisoners. The new levies bolted. The two companies of Beloochees, however, must have stuck to it ; for they were fighting till sunrise, when Johnson's Beloochees returned and cleared the place, pursuing the rebels into the hills, with severe loss, and kill ing many of the liberated prisoners. Another field force has gone out from Deesa, and they will be obliged to maintain a force at Nuggur Parker for some time to come. vV EUROPEAN LEVIES OF THE LATE COMPANY. — There is every reason to believe that eight or ten thousand of these troops will demand their dis charge, in terms of the general order published by us in our lastissue. It is impossible to say whether a new bounty would ham -e led these men to re-enlist or not. It was surely imperative, however, for Government to have ascortained that fact before hand, and if a bounty would have retained them it was sheer madness to refuse it. We have lighted upon evil times in India, and there is no man in the country who seems to understand the epoch but Sir Charles Trevelyan, whom the Madrassees are ready to immolate for his uncomplimentary minute upon Indian juries. GEn'ERAL INTELLIGENCE.—The Bank of Bengal has declared a dividend of 12 per cent. We observe that the Chepauk Palace and grounds were bought by the Madras Government for 580,000 rupees. The gold throne of the Nawab of the Carnatic was sold for 22,000 rupees, and the silver ladder for 2,500 rupees. The Mofitssilite has heard that the Sikh cavalry at Allahabad have followed in the - wake of the Eu ropeans in demanding bounty, but on what grounds is incomprehensible. They are reported to be " disaffected," and their officers cannot control them efficiently. There seems to be no end to the combus tibles in the mine upon which we arc standing. The Delhi Gazette records three cases of Suttee dlring the month of May last. One took place in the neighbourhood of Futtyghur, another at the village of Koongur, in Hansi district, and a third in the estate of the Dadree Nawab. It is stated that at Koongur the subject was talked of for some days before, and the barbarous rite celebrated in the open day, without any remonstrance or check from the local police. At Bombay there was a fair business in imports, at advanced prices. In exports there was little doing. The money market was extremely easy. Exchange, 2s. 5-Bths. AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY. The royal mail steam-ship Europa, Capt. Leitch, arrived to-day with the New York mails of the 9th, Boston of the 10th, Halifax of the 12th, and tele graphic advices from the former via the latter port to the evening of the 11th. She has brought 250,000 dollars on freight. The Arabia, hence; the Circassian, from Galway ; and the Hammonia, from Southampton, had ar rived at New York ; and the Nova Scotian, hence, had arrived at Quebec. It is stated in a letter from Boston that two ves sels were fitting out at Salem for the slave trade on the coast of Africa. The principals in the affair are said to be a Spsnish firm in New York. A despatch from Washington states that a cargo of 600 Africans had been landed on the coast of Florida, near Tampa. As soon as the landing was effected the vessel was fired and abandoned. The statement is made on the authority of the United States Marshal Blackburn. According to a despatch from St. Louis some rich gold diggings had been discovered at the head-water of the Colorado. The advices from British Columbia, via Califor nia, state that there had been fresh discoveries on Fraser River. Mining operations had recommenced with vigour. Judge Mason, of the New York Supreme Court, had granted the motion for the appointment of a receiver of the New York and Erie Railroad. NEW YORK, AUG. 11. The steamship Fulton, from Havre and South ampton, arrived here this morning. Our cotton market is dull, and prices have given way -lc. per lb. The sales of the two past days foot up 1,400 bales. Midland Uplands is quoted at like. Bread stuffs have a declining tendency, and flour has been selling at a decline of 25c. to 37c. Wheat is quiet, but without any decline. Indian corn is buoyant, and slightly dearer. Pork is heavy, and prices are somewhat lower. Coffee is active and buoyant, at an improvement of per lb. Freights are firm, and quotations have slightly advanced. NEW ORLEANS, AUG. 10. Our cotton market is quite stagnant, but prices are nominally unchanged. THE PENINSULAR MAILS. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) SOUTHAMPTON, MONDAY MORNING. The screw steamship Sultan, Captain Cook, has arrived with Lisbon dates of the 17th ; Oporto and Vigo, the 18th. She brings 42 passengers, £4,342 in specie, and a cargo of fruit, eggs, corn, &c. Spoke Colombo steamer on the 17th inst. ; and Ceylon on the 21st ; also the American ship Richard Watson, at 8 a.m. on the 21st, beating up channel. Lisbon Exchanges on London 521,-, to 51; Paris, 542 ; Amsterdam, 411 ; Hamburg, 461 ; Genoa, 515; Bank of Portugal shares, 61 to 7 per cent. premium ; Bank of Oporto, 25 to 26 ditto. FRANCE. PARIS BOURSE, Aug. 20.—The market has been very dull, and without business. Threes, have been done at 69f. 25c , and are now at 68f. 95c. ; Mobilier varied from 830 f. to 815 f. ; Austrian, 560 f. to 555 f. ; Lombard, 558 f. 75e. to 557 f. 50c. ; Orleans, 1,350 f. to 1,347 f. 50c.; Lyons, 868 f. 75c. to 867 f. 50c. The following were the last quo tations : 4f per Cents. .... 97 40 Credit Foncier 660 Do. end month .. Belgian 4) 3 per Cents 6B 85 Piedmonteso (5) Do. end month.... 68 95 Roman — Bank Shares 2BOO Austrian Credit Mobilier .. 822 50 Spanish Threes -1 50 Do. Account ..... 820 Home Debt 4l 88 RAILWAYS. Cash. Account. Orleans Northern ... New ditto.. .810 -7 - 810 - •• Lyons and Mediterranean B6B 75 870 Geneva 530 .. 530 Southern Western 560 560 77 ~ 648 75 Eastern Sardinian 412 50 Austrian +l' Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 14c. ; money, 25f 10c.; three months, paper, 24f. 96c.; money, 20.94 e. RUSSIA. The Journalde St. Petersbourg publishes the fol lowing reply of Prince Gortschakoff to the Prussian proposition of mediation, and states that it is the only document which issued from the cabinet of St. Petersburg on the subject : ST. PETERSBURG, JUNE 25. M. le Baron,—M. de Bismarck has transmitted to us the propositions of the Berlin Cabinet for uniting Russia, England, and Prussia in a joint attempt at a pacific mediation in order to effect a resumption of negotiations between the powers now at war in Italy, and to hasten the termination of a war that excites to so high a degree the solicitude of Europe. The mode suggested by the Prussian Govern ment is detailed in the despatch of Baron Schleinitz to M. de Bismarck, of which your excellency will find the copy annexed to this present. His Majesty tha Emperor has received most cor dially and sincerely this overture from the cabinet of Berlin. It corresponds with the wish his Ma jesty has unceasingly entertained from the very commencement of the present complications, that of co-operating with the powers placed, like ourselves, beyond the pale of the conflict, bat interested, like Ourselves, in restricting its area and abridging its THE BIBLE PRINTING PATENT. The evidence given before the select committee on the Queen's Printer's patent for printing the Bible has been n . • „The committee has not concluded the , 74hd therefore makes no report; it simply publishes the evidence. The wit ness-es examined were Mr. W. Spottiswoode, Mr. R. Besley, Mr. C. Childs, Mr. B. Pardon, Mr. F. Warne, Rev. Dr. Caswall, Rev. C. Clayton, M.A., and Mr. T. Combe. Mr. Spottiswoode, the Queen's printer, engaged by patent to print " accurate editions of the Holy Scriptures," tells the committee that the letters patent will expire in January (next), 1860. The rights of the Queen's Printer are co-ordinate with those of the Universities quoad the publication of the Bible. Mr. Spottiswoode says that the Bible is sold at a price unquestionably cheaper than any book in the trade approaching it in bulk, even in these days of cheap literature. The comparison " is favourable to the Bible in every degree," and in the United States, where there is no restriction whatever, Mr. Spottiswoode affirms that the Bibles issued are decidedly inferior to the English, both as regards accuracy and cheapness. There are no books at present produced in the States corresponding to our cheapest edition. The " authorised edition" is in great request everywhere, and like all really good articles, generally commands the market wherever English is spoken. The competition, according to the Queen's Printer, is very severe under the pre sent system, and there is nothing like a monopoly. The withdrawal of the patent would induce the Queen's printers to consider very seriously what course they would take. Mr. Spottiswoode has never seriously contemplated the step oflinterfering with the Bibles of Bagster and Arnold, Knight, Matthew Henry, T. Scott, A. Clarke, Cobbin, and others. He thinks Bagster's edition by no means equal to his own or those of Oxford and Cambridge, " in point of beauty and price." As regards accu racy he offers no opinion. He admits that itis very possible that there have been "minor inaccuracies" in the Queen's Printer's Bibles printed in former years with the existence even of the present patent. The marginal " references" are regarded as part of the " authorised" Bible; they received their " final" revision about a century ago, at the hands of Dr. Blaynex - . The law about the printing of other versions appears to be rather uncertain, but Mr. Spottiswoode says he would not interfere with any copy of the Scriptures distinctly purporting to be different from the authorised version. Nor does he object to Knight's Pictorial Bible, which does profess to be the authorised version. Other printers are de • cidedly in favour of throwing the trade in Bibles open and can see no objection in such a step. Mr. Pardon says that in the world's opinion, as denoted by the demand, the " references" in Bagster ' s Bible are better than those in the University edition, and that although higher in prices they: have an immens e sale in consequence of the superiority of the refer ences. One of the many discrepancies that occur in the editions of the Bible in common circulation is the oinission of the word "and" in the famous pas sage in St. John's Gospel, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life." If twenty Bibles were opened flaw, says Mr. Pardon, you would probably find that one-half would omit the first "and." Dr. Cass wall, an American (epi scopa l) di v i ne, says that a Bible monopoly would never an swer under American institutions, and would be no advantage in that country. The Rev. C. G. Clayton, tutor of Cams College, C am b r id ge , thi n k s that the withdrawal of the patent for the printing of Bibles would raise their price, and cause them to be far less accurate ; th ey are now so ld b y t h e British and Foreign Bibl e S oc i ety at 1 0 d . an d 9 d ., while New Testaments may be had for 4d. Doc trinal errors, too, might creep in if the trade was I thrown open. Mr. Clayton thinks free competi tion, as a general rule, an advantage ; but he will not allow it. as regards the printing of Bibles; he goes so far as to say that, supposing a "real im provement" were suggested by some scholar in the translation, of any word in Oxford and Cambridge Bibles, it would not be introduced. THEATRICAL ARRANGEMENTS.—Mr. Smith and the proprietors of Drury-lane Theatre are said to have re conciled their differences. There has been a talk of Madame Celeste becoming the lessee of the Lyceum Theatre; and, since that rumour passed, of Mr. Mitchell entering on the management of a permanent French theatre there, We perceive that the St. James's The a t re i s again to open on the ht of October—" this one more time" on a secure basis —the performances to be devoted to "domestic drama, farce, burlesque, and pantomime." Madlle. Parepa and Mr. Haigh will join the Covent-garden English' opera company ; possibly, too, n daughter of Airs. Wood, who will perform under the 4E040 of Miss Pilling.—Atheneuto. THE CORT FAMILY. Parliament has just voted £5,000 as a compensa tion to Mr. Barber for the mistake which was made in transporting him, and no one can possibly object to the arrangement. But it certainly seems strange that a Parliament which can show itself so just in a case of purely individual importance, can do nothing to cancel the effects of that great act—of villainy, one is tempted to say—by which the family of the great Cort was impoverished. Hear, reader, once more the simple tale :—" In bringing his inventions to perfection, Henry Cort expended a considerable private fortune, and even sacrificed one half of his patent rights, after which the remaining half, with all his other 'property and contracts, were confiscated by the naval authorities in 1788, for the debt of a partner (a Government servant who be came a defaulter), not equal in amount to one-tenth of the sum afterwards produced from them. The family of this man, who thus nobly enriched his country to the ruin of himself, have, we most respectfully submit, higher claims upon the nation than any Government has ever yet recognised, although several Ministers of the Crown have, from time to time, aided them, 'none more promptly or more liberally than your lordship (Lord Derby) and Lord Palmerston ; some, it is true, have received small pensions, and all have been participants of the very limited funds dispensed by the Royal bounty ; bat not one has been raised a single step from in digence, nor is one at this moment above want." This is the language of a memorial which has been signed by 130 of the foremost manufacturers and men of science of this age and nation, addressed to two Prime Ministers in succession ; yet nothing but donations from the Bounty Fund, infinitesimal pensions, and promises of suitable recompense here after, can be elicited from those noble-blooded per sonages. But we must not be too severe upon Ministers of the Crown when we find that those men of princely fortunes, the great ironmasters, who have been made princes by Henry Cort's inventions, and by them alone, show no gratitude to the man who made them. Not long since Mr. Fairbairn, moved by the long neglect which Henry Cort's children have had to suffer, offered £lOO in the columns of the Times as the commencement of a subscription for the family. That generous and disinterested offer elicited, we are ashamed to say, not a single response. It is true that small subscriptions have of late years been given by a few iron masters towards a Cort Testimonial Fund ; but these deserve no mention side by side with Mr. Fairbairn's noble letter, or in the presence of the great wealth which Henry Cort's inventions have created. The money value of the exported iron, iron machinery, and other articles made from iron, which was nothing in 1783, was, for the one year, 1857, no less than £22,994,671 sterling ; and the whole gain which this country has derived from the said inventions during the last 70 years. is esti mated, in the "Encyclopaedia Britannica," to amomit to £600,000,000 sterling, as was stated in a memorial signed by 25 of the most eminent authorities, sup.. ported by 60 members of Parliament, including two Cabinet Ministers, presented in 1857 by Lord Stanley to Viscount Palmerston. This enormous addition to the wealth of the nation is quite inde pendent of the collateral advantages resulting from the joint development of engineering, mining, agri cultural, manufacturing, and every other branch of industry in which iron is largely employed. No ironmaster can therefore mention the £5 which he gave a year or two since as an excuse for not fol lowing up in a worthy spirit the lead which Mr. Fairbairn held out. But the Cort family is even yet, we believe, des tined to see brighter days. The whole of the facts of the case have been laid before Mr. Cobden, whose clear and energetic mind was at no loss to master its dark details, and whose generous goodwill has not failed to manifest itself on behalf of these aged people. He has promised, we learn, to aid their cause to the full extent of his influence, and we en tirely believe he will do so. We wish to cast no slur upon any Parliamentary personage who has hitherto interested himself on the behalf of—we will not say the Cort family, but the national hon our, which has been stained by the treatment of that family. But we do say we would rather hear that Richard Cobden had whispered one syllable in favour of the cause, than learn that all the others whom we have named had agreed to promote it together. And this we say because we believe Mr. Cobden is a man of sounder sense and purer integ rity than most of our great politicians. We say nothing here either in favour of or against his po litical principles ; but we do believe him to be as sensible and reliable a man as there is in Parliament. He is consequently very influential in those counties in which he is best known, and we doubt not he will find means of using his influence for the further ance of justice in the Cort case. It will indeed re dound to the honour of Mr. Cobden, Mr. Fairbairn, and the friends of each of these gentlemen, as well as to the honour of Lancashire and York shire, if the great manufacturers of those counties conduct this case to an honourable conclusion. They may well do so ; for the inventions of Henry Cort, by giving us the iron of the steam engine, have benefited every branch of manufacture in which machinery is employed—the cotton trade to the extent of many millions sterling annually. We need not say what Cort did for free trade. He was really a promoter of that great modern move ment ; nay, he it was who taught us the secret of our own iron-producing power, and thus laid the basis on which so much of our modern trade and manufacture rests ; while by aid of his great in ventions the markets of Europe have been brought into instantaneous communication with Great Britain. All that Cort did was done, moreover, by means of native materials which were useless up to this time, and by the exclusive exercise of native labour.-111echanies' Magazine. THE BUILDERS' STRIKE. Both men and masters have an undoubted right to combine for the management of their own affairs; but union is strength, and when men are very strong they are exceedingly likely to abuse their influence. Workmen, who have been very fond of combining of late years, have undoubtedly gone very wrong in this respect. Without discussing doubtful details, we may mention one great instance of their tyranny : they constantly refuse to work with men who have not joined their trade socie ties. In many instances they have struck work simply because a non-society workman has had employment given him by the master. Al though this has not yet been made a legal offence, it is a moral one • for it practically deprives the mister of his fair degree of liberty, and im poses a heavy penalty upon every man who con scientiously objects to share the proceedings of the societies. To resist such mischievous and tyrannical pro ceedings as these the masters would du well to com bine, and it would be a blessing to thousands of workmen, as well as to society at large, if they be came triumphant in their resistance, and put an end to the despotism of trades unions. For success on this one point would destroy the " despotism " of such bodies. It working men were free either to join or to stand aloof from such societies, without suffering personal loss, all the oppressive powers of the societies would at once cease. It is only because they have contrived to impose a penalty upon the working man who dissents from them that they have become so strong and over bearing. If, therefore, the metropolitan master builders had b een well advised, they would not have insisted upon the men promising not to combine at all on the labour question, because the men have an undoubted right so to com bine if they please. What they should have in sisted upon is, that the men whom they employed should pledge themselves to abstain from that particular act of tyranny which we have pointed out, and from such other specific acts,of a tyran nous character as they, the masters, may be able to mention. This would have commanded the unanimous approval of the press, and would have left the society men without any plausible pretext for resistance. At any rate it would have brought the real and not an imaginary case forward for de cision, and would have given the men no chance of selecting false ground for their battle-field. As it is, we have the men on the one side contending for an arbitrary limitation of working hours, and the masters on the other enforcing an equally arbi trary arrangement of their own. That the men's demand for the enforced reduc tion of the working hours from ten to nine is an arbitrary and unfair demand is shown by the faeL that it is only by the tyrannous acts of the Socie ties that it can be maintained. If non- society men were permitted to exercise free trade in their labour, we should hear nothing of the o nine hou rs ' movemen t. A n d th a t they ought' to be permitted to do this there can be no doubt. Lord Brougham, in his " Rights of Industry," has stated the terms of the work man's freedom most clearly, and these terms arc all that a reasonable man can require. " There can be no doubt," he says, " that the labourer has rights over his labour which no Government and no indi vidual should presume to interfere with. Them can be no doubt that, as an exchanger of labour for capital, the labourer ought to be assured that the exchange shall in all respects be as free as th e ex changes of any other descriptiga of property. His rights as an exchanger are, that he shall not be compelled to part with his by any arbitrary property, eilactinents, wi:11- out having as ample an equivalent as On general laws of exchange will a ff or d, hi m ; thiet l ie shall 1.4 frcp tA use every just MMUS ) either b) himself or by union with others, to obtain such a equivalent ; that he shall be at full liberty to offer that property in the best market that he can find, without being limited to any particular market; that he may give to that property every modifica tion which it is capable:of receiving from his own na tural or acquired skill, without being narrowed to any one form of producing it. In other words, natural justice demands that the working man shall work when he pleases and be idle when he pleases—always providing that if he make a contract to work he shall not violate the engage ment by remaining -idle; that no labour shall be forced from him, and no rate of payment for that labour be prescribed by statutes or ordinances ; that he shall be free to obtain as high wages as be can possibly get, and unite with others to obtain them, always providing, that in his union he does not violate that freedom of industry in others which is the foundation of his own attempts to im prove his condition; that he may go from place to place to exchange his labour without being inter fered with by corporate rights or monopolies of any sort, whether of masters or workmen ; and that he may turn from one employment to the other, if he so think fit, without being c onfined to into any trade he originally learnt, or may strike any line of employment without having regularly learnt it at all." These are the conditions on which working ine, ll , exercise their labour and skill in this country. the conditions are wrong, or can be improved, let us have the subject amicably discussed, and a pu blic understanding arrived at. It is mere folly for the builders or any other class of men to attempt to set them permanently aside by the coarse coer cion of strikes; and it is also mere folly for masters to meet the coercive measures of the men by au mode of action which is opp ose d to these conditions. —Mechanics' Magazine. LII THE NEW _HAMBURG MODEL CO. STITUTION. A letter from Hamburg says :—After more than gained the years of agitation the Liberal party have the day, and succeeded in obtaining the long' wished-for reform in the antiquated constitution of this ancient republic. It was during th e stormy period of 1848 that the cry for reform wa s first raised, in obedience to which the " Constitu ting Assembly" was ~onvoked. At that time popular clamour had a greater effect than sound logic, and the result was the draft of a constitutio n by far too democratic for people possessed of a l l property, and which consequently met with a very decided opposition on the part o f the constitute d authorities. The subsequent military occupation of Hamburg, first by the Prussians and then by th e Austrians, had the effect of protecting the Senat e from open violence on the part of the populace, and negotiations were opened with a view of mak: ing a compromise. These lasted for several yea r '' when at length in 1855 a joint commission of nine members, four of who m were nom i na ted by t Senate out of their own b o d and five of the 8 11 1 gerschaft, was appointed to draw up a new ee llf " 4 " • tution, framed with a view to liberal popular re presentation. But when this was done, a veto Was placed upon it by the German Diet at Frankfortt,7 being far too liberal, an d no t i n accor d a nce w l 'i o the Conservative prin c ipl es w hi c h are known actuate that " august assembly." But notwithstanding this mishap, and the threat of active interference on the part of the Bund, the shape of sending down a commissioner , .an d eventually another military occupation—two thing much dreaded by our qu i e t c iti zens —th e latter sti . : continued their just dema n d s f or re f or m, and ba / L., refused several ti mes th e p ropos iti ons ma de to the m by the Senate fo r a mo difi ca ti on o f th e n ew consul' tution. Things were in this state when in January -" -t five patriotic citizens formed themselves into a cote ' 4; mittee, and convened s evera l pu bli c meetings, t o take into consideration the propriety of renewing the agitation for the introduction of the new co l i stitution as settled in 1855. Th e grea t majoritYy, o o . the merchants, house owners, and others possesslub property, declared the mse l ves i n f avour o f the plan; and supported the proj ec t ors by a vo t e o f confideuen", but the Senate, fearing the resu lt s o f these demo, strations, suddenly suspended, by d e cree of the 31sk March last, the law permitting th e c itizens to hel_ d , meetings for the purpose of discussing the affairs the commonwealth. They, however, entered into negotiations with the representatives of the peoplelto "' for settling the point at issue a r amiable. The suit of these negotiations is that the Senate .iu'a' Thursday convoked the Burgerschaft, and laid befe re t them a modified constitution, which, of 1855, contains some conser va ti ve e l e ments, bu t on the whole it was deemed sati s f ac t or y, and IV;°' cepted by the assembly with a ma j or ity of 578 votes against 153 dissentients. b ase d on the,, The most important part of the plan is the corn' position of the new Burgerschaft, which with the Senate will form the legislative body, and of which the following is an outline : The Burgerschaft to consist of 192 members, Nu- A. 84 members elected by ballot. The suffrage is univeral for all citizens of 25 years of age and upwards. Exceptions, lunatics and those con demned for criminal offences. B. 48 representatives of the house and landed in terest, elected by ballot by all owners of houses or land, whose property shows a clear unmortgaged capital of the minimum value of 3,000 marks banco. The electors in this case also to have completed their 25th year. C. 60 members elected- by the tribunals, public bodies and various departments of the state. Every citizen qualified to vote can also be elected if he has completed his 30th year. No member of the Burgerschaft can legallymak e a binding promise to his constituency, pledging himself to follow any particular course of polities. Every member elected is bound to respect the election and accept the office, on pain of banish' ment for 10 years from the city and territory, toga' ther with loss of all ri g ht s an d pr i v il eges e njoyed by Hamburg citizens. No member cf the Senate can be elected into the Burgerschaft. Former senators may be elected, and are at liberty to decline serving, without incurring the r p a e na p l u ti b e l s ic m f e u n n t e io ti n o e n d ar in ie t s h a e r i e )re n c o e t din e r ig p ib ar le agraP h. Paid with the exception of jud ges , c l ergymen of all religious persuasions, and professors of the High School. The members are elected for six ears. At the o e f n:l t ofee Members a t bb h eo r r N e s, eeoyf threeet ahres Burgerschaft,co a n t e eg h o a r l i f o s f retire, t h as sbusuch,t membersm a y of b ea e rce elected by their constituents. pay or emol umen t s. n hundred mem b ers at l east mus t b r e ec p e r iv e e se l: to form a quorum. The sittings of the Burgerschaft are public Proposals for secret sittings must be g i ven to to_ president i n writing, and signed by a t least te n members. The proposal will then be put to the vote, and must be carried by a majority. As a general rule the voting is public and 110 or native, each member ans wer i ng w ith " ball o t Yes"- " No" when his name is ca ll e d. V o ti ng by t is permitted, if required an d supporte d by at leas t ten members. In eith er case a ll ques ti on s are e. tided by a simple majority. A standing o r p ermanen t comm itt e e of the Burgerschaft, called the Burger-Ausschuss , t o formed, co ns i s ti ng o f 20 members elected from their own body, o f w h om not more th an five 133ap belong to the legal profession. eine, The Burgerschaft may b e convo k e d at any time either by the P erman en t comm itt ee or by the sou' Legislation is perform e d by th e unan imous c on ' currenee of the Senate and th e Burgerschaft jointly Bills may originate with either of the two legisl . tive bodies. The senat e h as exc l us i ve ly the ele eu tive power. All bills must be read and passed twice by th ! Burgerschaft with 14 days' interval, unless at ti; first reading the interval be sho r t ene d by the ee • sent of at least two-thirds of those p resen t, audio° than one-half of the total number of members. The city within the walls is divided into 24 elec- 4 3 toral districts, each returning two members • • 8 The suburb of St. George to roturn .. •• 8 The suburb of St. Paul .. 8 Five rural districts (the so-called Greestlande) • • 8 Four return districts (th e so - called Marsh l an ds) 2 Bailiewick of Ritzobustel and Cuxhaven • • • • 4 Membergod 8 el S Members to be retur ne d b y th e f o l !ow i ng corpora te b 5 The College of the Sixty .. • • • • 2 Board of Education (Scholarchat) .. • • •• • 4 Lower Court of Justice (Niedergericht) • • •• 4 Tribunal of Commerce (Handelsgericht) .. •• 1 Tribunal of the Guilds (Amtsgerich) . • •• 6 Finance Department (Kammer) .. • • •• 6 Board of Trade (Commercium) .. • • • • 2 Directors of the Bank (Bank-Collegium) • • • • 1 Board of Taxation (Steur-Deputation) • • • 3 Commissioners of Taxes (Steur-Burger) .. • ' 2 Board of Customs and Excise .. • • ' • 1 Stamp Department • • • • • • • 3 Board of Public Works .. .. • • • • 1 Department of Water W or k s Military Department (Hanseatic Contingent) 2 • Military Department (B urger -G uar d) • • 2 Fire Insurance Department .. .. • • • 2 Poor-law Commissioners •• .. • • • 1 Board of Health • • • • 2 •• •• Commissioners of Hospitals .. • • • 2 Commissioners of Prisons .. • • • • • • 1 • • Commissioners of Orphan Asylum .; • • Corpora" tis, differentHeaodngocfoltihecetively.. . . Guilds, or Trade 3lembers 60 Sa CRYSTAL PALACE.—HALFCROWN DAY, Itlrufkr Aug. 20.—Admissions on payment, 3 , 2 77 ; ditt o by seation tickets, 2,614 ; total visitors, 5,891.