The Sun. — London, England, 1862-08-20 00:00:00

lIOTPLS, &o. CHAPLIN'S AND li 0 T E L. SPREAD EAGLE TAVERN, 81, GRACECHUKCII-STKEET, LONDON. Comfort, combined with moderate charges, will be found at this Establishment. PRIVATE APARTMENTS FOR FAMILIES. Sitting Room, 2s. per Day. Ecd Rooms, Is. Cel. and 25. per Night. A Night Porter in attendance. No INCREASE OP CHARGES. INDIA AND THE COLONIES. PASSENGERS Embarking or Disembarking will find superior accommodation and moderate charges at CHAPLIN'S CLARENDON HOTEL, GRAVESEND, Adjoining the Terrace Pier. A Lawn in front, extending to the River. - LEET-STREET, near THE LONDON, 191, ..- Temple-bar. DAY SAWYER 20th in 'S FAMO lUScons LONDON DINNER for THIS , the „ wil ist of POTAGES. De Tortue a la Francais—Aux Macaroni. POISSON. Saumon sauce llomard—Filets de Merlans ENTREES. Cotelettes de Mouton a la Soubise—Petit Pates de Volatile. Bceuf braise—Veau roti. ENTREMETS. Gel& aux Citron—Pouding a la St. Cloud. Fromage et Salade. TO-MORROW, the 21st inst., "THE LONDON DINNER' Nvill consist of POTAGES. Aux rfultres a la Sefton—A la Julienne. POISSON. Anguille etuvees—Soles frites. ENTREES. Salmi de coq-de-bruyerea la Boh6mienne—Tete de Veau a la Poulet. Handle de Venalson rota—Bceuf bouilli. ENTREMETS. Pouding a l'Americain—Compote de Pommes de Normandie. Fromage et Sal de. Turtle Soup included in the London Dinner three times a Week without extra charge. An extensive and carefully selected stock of RHENISH, MOSELLE, and other WINES imported expressly for THE LONDON DINNER. A fine Haunch of Venison every day at Two o'clock. Turtle Soup and all Fish in season daily. The attention of Cler,ymen, Officers, and Professional Gentlemen is especially drawn to the advantages offered by these elezant Saloons, which fulfil all the requirements of a West-end Club of the most aristocratic and exclusive cha racter. L'on trouve dans la Salle de Lecture non seulement lea rneilleurs Journaux Anglais,mais aussi Journaux Allemands, Pra.ncals et Beiges. N.B.—During the Exhibition Season, THE LONDON DINNER will be served daily from 2 until 9 o'clock; and Dinners in the Coffee-room, a la Carte, from 1 until 10 o'clock. Open on Sundays at 4 o'clock. FREDERICK SAWYER, Proprietor. BANK OF ENGLAND NOTES.—LI,SOO REWARD.—WHEREAS the Directors of the BANK OF ENGLAND have recently discovered that some of the Paper manufactured for their Notes has been feloniously taken from the mills of Mesrs. Portal and Co., at Laverstoke, near Whitchurch, in Hampshire, and that such paper has been used in the fabrication of Forged Notes, Notice is hereby given, that a REWARD of £5OO will be paid to any one who shall give such information as will lead to the apprehension and conviction of any person concerned in the stealing of the Paper ; and a FURTHER REWARD OF £l,OOO will be paid to any one who shall give such information as will lead to the apprehension and conviction of any person concerned in the fabrication of Forged Notes by means of such paper. Information to be given to Mr. Superintendent Hodgson, Police-office, Old Jewry, London ; or to Messrs. Freshfields and Newman, 5, Bank-buildings, London. By order of the Directors, E. WELSH, Assistant Secretary. Bank of England, 16th August, 1862. CAUTICAUTION. —BANK of ENGLAND NOTES.— ON.—BAND. The Directors of the Bank of England hereby give Notice, that it has recently come to their knowledge that Some of the Paper manufactured for their Notes has been feloniously taken from the Mills ; and they desire to caution all Bankers, Money-changers, and other persons, in taking payment by Bank of England Notes, not to depend upon the apparent genuineness of the Payer alone, but to examine with increased care the PRINTING also ; and in all cases, for their own protection, to obtain and preserve the Names of the persons from whom the Notes are received. By order of the Directors, E. WELSH, Assistant Secretary. Bank of England, 16th August, 1862. 11S TEO EID ON : ® What is it? See Patent, March 1, 1862, No. 560. GABR lEL'S Self-adhesive Patent Indestructible MINE RAL TEETH and FLEXIBLE GUMS, without palates, springs, or wires, and without operation. One set lasts a lifetime, and WARRANTED FOR MASTICATION and ARTICULATION. Purest materials only, at half the usual cost. Messrs. GABRIEL, the old-established Dentists, 27, HARLEY-STREET, CAVENDISH-SQUARE; 34, LUDGATE-HILL, LONDON; 65, NEW-STREET, BIRMINGHAM; and 134, DUKE-STREET, LIVERPOOL. INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION, CLASS 17. One visit only required from country patients. Gabriel's Practical Treatise gratis. Consultations free. TRULY EFFICACIOUS AND MILD.- Dr. SCOTT'S BILIOUS and LIVER PILLS, pre pared without any mercurial ingredient, from the recipe of Dr. Scott, of Bromley, Rent, will be found invaluable to all who suffer from bilious and liver complaints, indigestion, wind Spasms, giddiness, dizziness of the eyes, &c. For habitual costiveness, as a family aperient medicine, and as a purifier of the blood, they are truly excellent; mild in their opera tion and grateful to the stomach, they create appetite, pro mote digestion, and strengthen the whole nervous system. Sold by W. Lambert, 20, Jermyn-street, Haymarket, London, and by most druggists, in boxes, ls. lid., and three times the quantity in one, 2s. 9d. Be sure to ask for Dr. Scott's Bilious and Liver Pills. The genuine are a square green package, with " William Lambert," engraved on the stamp. GIVEN AWAt TO NERVOUS SUFFERERS. TT M.D., ENRY SMITH, of the University o f 1-11 Jena, has just published, for the benefit of Nervous Sufferers, a FREE EDITION of his valuable work, THE WARNING VOICE TO YOUNG MEN- (120 pages). A medical work on the cure of Nervous Debility, Loss of Memory, Dimness of Sight, Lassitude, Indigestion, Dislike to Society. Spermatorrhma, Local Weakness, Muscular Re laxation, Languor, Listlessness, Depression, &0., which, if neglected, result in consumption, insanity, and premature death ; with plain directions for perfect restoration to health and vigour. The bock will be sent, post fr ee , secure f rom o b nervation, to any address, .on receipt of a directed envelope and two stamps. Address, HENRY SMITII, M.D., b, Burton- Crescent, Tavistoek-square, London, W.C. DR. WATSON (01` THE LOCK HOSPITAL) ON NERVOUS DEBILITY AND SECRET DISORDERS. 44,, ELF-TREATMENT SIMPLIFIED, thro ug h the aid of the TEST-TUBE, URINOMETER, and MICROSCOPE, when employed for special diagnosis in all disorders of the nervous, sexual, and generative system, in cluding spermatorrhcea or seminology, loss of power, noctur nal and diurnal wastings, and withering of the nervous tissues, &c. By Dr. WATSON, Member of the Ecole de Aredicine, Rouen, National Academy of Sciences, Paris, and bellow of the Imperial Institute of Prance, &c. Presented to "Nervous Invalids," with a view of superseding dangerous medicines and expensive consultations. Sent post free on Teceipt of two stamps, by Dr. Watson, 27, Alfred-place, Bed ford-square, London. Consultations daily from eleven till two, and six till eight, on all those ailments and infirmities Molnar to youth, manhood, and old age, and which tend to embitter and shorten life. For distinvuished qualifications vide diplomas. The Fourth Edition, Just Published. Bvo, in cloth, price 5;. , by post free, ss. 6d. O N TRUE and FALSE SPERMATORRIICEA ; with the View to the Correction of wide-spread Errors In relation to the Treatment and Cure of Sufferers from De bility of the Generative system, or Sexual Ilypochrondriasis. STEW THEATRE-ROYAL. ADELPHL-. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. Webster. THIS EVENING. THAT BLESSED BABY : Messrs. J. L. Toole, Billington, and Miss L. Keeley. After which, MEDEA : Messrs. Stuart, Billington, Sefton; Miss Avonia Jones, Miss H. Simms, and Mrs. 11. Marston, Followed by THE PRETTY HORSEBREAKER. Mr. J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, MissWoolg.ar. To conclude with THE SHILLING DAY. Messrs. J. L. Toole, P. Bedford, Phillips, Miss Latimer, Mrs. H. Lewis. Commence at 7. A STLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE.-- Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. BATTY. Revival of "Mazeppa." THIS EVENING will be performed MAZEPPA ; or, The Wild Horse of Tartary, with New Scenery, Dresses, and Decorations. Tc be followed by a brilliant routine of novel and daring Scenes in the Circle. To conclude with a COMIC BALLET, in which the Misses Gunnis and Harry Croneste will a p pear. Commence at 7.—Stage Manager. Mr. W. Searle. Translated from the German of Dr. PICKFORD. " Dr. Pickford is known to English readers by his frequent practical contributions to German medical literature. This is the first time, he informs us, that he has addressed himself to the non-medical reader. We trust that this may not be the last, if he shall detect any other oqually flagrant evil which it May be in his power to correct."—London Medical Gazette. " The editor has conferred a great boon on the sufferers from this distressing malady by translating this little book, and by laying bare the scandalous practices of unqualified adventurers, who 13rofess to cure a disease of which they know nothing, with no other object than to fill their own purses. The difference between true Spermatorrhcea and the various forms of disease which resemble it are accurately de scribed, and thus a safe guide is offered for the treatment of the malady."—Medical Circular. " We have dilated so long upon the contents of the prell tninary chapter, that we have scarcely left ourselves space for any notice of the subject specially treated of by Dr. Pfckford but the moderate price at which the 'brochure' is sold, pl aces it within the reach of every one interested in the matter." Dublin Medical Press. London : 11. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street. THE VIGOUR OF YOUTH RESTORED IN FOUR WEEKS by Dr. EICORD'S ESSENCE OF LIFE. This wonderful agent will restore manhood to the moat Shattered constitution, whether arising from self - pollyfion , excesses, nocturnal emissions, the effects of climate , or natu ral causes. The time required to cure the most inveterate ease is four weeks ; and, if used according. to the printed in structions (which are very simplet. failure is impossible. This life-restoring remedy should be taken by all about to marry, as its effects are permanent. it is acknowledged by the medical press to be the greatest discovery ever made. Success in every case is as certain as that water quenches thirst. Dr. Ricord's Essence of Life is sold in cases, with full in structions for use, at its., or four quantities in one for 335., and will be sent to any part of the world, carefully packed, on receipt of remittance or post-office order payable to Prout and Co., Patent Medicine Warehouse, 229, Strand London. DR. CURTIS' •MEDICAL WORK, MANHOOD : A MEDICAL ESSAY ON SPERMATORRIHE NERVOUS AND GENERATIVE DEBILITY, &o. Just Published, the 1.10111 thousand, with numerous plates, in a sealed envelope, price ls., Sold by all Booksellers, and sent post paid, by the Author, forl2 stamps, -IANHOOD: the CAUSE and CURE o f PRE MATURE DECLINE IN MAN, with Plain Directions for Perfect Restoration to Health and Vigour. By Dr. J. L. IkaTis, 15, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly, Loudon. . _ CONTENTS: INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER on the Physiological nifrucfure and Functions of the Reproductive Organs. _CITApTER IL—Causes of Spermatorrhrea and I m p o t en c e; Karly Vicious Indulgences; Dangers of Neglect. CHAPTER Review of the various Disqualifications °„! Marriage ; whether resulting from Youthful Abuse, the Follies of Maturity', the Effects of Climate , or Infection.' CHAPTERS IV. and V. en the modern Treatment of "onorrhcca and Syphilis. he Book oncludes with numerous varied and interesting Lotion. eases. to which is added the Author's recipe of a Preventive REVIEWS OF TUE WORK. "Curtis on Manhood.—This is a truly va l u able work, and s hould be in the hands of young and old '—" Sunday Times," ad ?larch, 1856. , The author bas conferred a great boon by Dalt s hi n rf, this tile work, in which is described the source of those diseases Wh,ton produce decline in youth or more frequently premature ()' Daily Telegraph," Marczi 27, 1856. London : Published by J. Allen, 20, Warwick Lane, Pater so Mann, 11 r 0 9 1 COnsultatiOu-10 to 3 and B to 8; bunclays, 10 till 2 "dimes," the "Lancet," and other leading, journals A N IMP ORT ANT DISCUSSION • —Th e have been lately canvassing the social consideration s in volved in " the amount of death and disease caused by vic e : , Some interesting statistics are brought to bear upon the inquiry ; but it would gTeativ add to their value if they i n _ eluded the facts respecting the origin, the ravages, and the prevention of that SPECIAL VICE, Which wars more than any other against the welfare of society—destroying, the happi_ ness and disappointing the objects of matrimony, ur der minin g the constitutions, blasting the prospects, embittering and shortening- the lives of its victims, and spreading desola tion through families. - - The essential particulars relating to this great social evil (the besetting snare of inexperienced youth and the curse of maturity), together with ample instructions for removing its :.liects, and recovering health, vigour, and all the ennobling privileg,es of our being, are cont a i ne d i n D r . LAIIERT'S. "SELF-PRESERVATION," a T reat i se on N erv ous an d Physical Debility, of which the 90th Editi on h as just been Published by Mann and Co., 30, Cornhill, London, prim Is., Sent post free for 13, or in a'sealed envelope for 20 stamps' Dr. LA•MEnT,III.D., having for 20 years devoted himself entirely to this branch of practice, may be consulted daily, either personally or by correspondence, at his residence, 'No' - 87, BEDFORD-SQUARE, London.; ~. a.Y:,, 111'Ll;l:1:;P'-11▪ 1::::.1:• ::::":' . _ „... , _ . . _ • ..,.. , • , .. • , L- )/---' , _... e ' '' ,.."---- „. 1'.../-7 ±..1. -- '.-----4 '‘.---) ' '-':----(--- r/421;5:12---- '-----L -4---- (:-/IC2----/------1---: • 1./ r/ 47\' VI c .. 1 'AI E 7 ( , 4 .4... *Fr , ' ...,-• ~ . _ .., ......--. - ...._ • i .... 1 ...., : . W.l li o liw \k, : t: t 1•41 . ,v4, _ -- . . • •• .o r „ .., , , ' . -.' ../‘.. /. .f,.: af u• . 1 .' '''' - - . ''' W44041 101' ' ''te '' ' t .• :. ! . - ii - : ...14 ' r • ). , ', 4 ~ i ii, I, ' . ' , • i cg (V. '-- ' . . ' ' l lt . '',.2..." \,- , -- ,, - i.,i' , _.', , .',,,,,'''\ .r ' '• ~ . ,:. 1 ... L. - ; ',l2` --''''''''''' i ' . ''' ''''''' l''4 4 e1..., - . . , t, - - ' ' el< -- ' ~ ,j,62., .147 . ' 'l. WAI , ',,i' L . - -i . );•• . -"."`'"-' ,!:. ' -- 44; '-'-..., , - 1 i • ~:p- .. • --, ",- \"N 4,.. ' 9 ' ) ‘,. ..i.; , • • Ip,- • , ~..• 13 ,i , .... e ,-,;----,-._., cV-: z, , ,,44y1, 4%;,. A 2 ~ , ti 1 9 N., ,_____ \ • Gt.— , " A . ,- - : 1 ;`14 1 a6 "4 6 " ' 1 DI R 1 n' , ' ROli . #-' V ~.,:....;-,-;:-_,. • . " 411fr .""% N .—' •-:., ...... _ :CA b natty thug to 4 Pcotbud tg toe Is rue4tie a dull but honest man. There is a fine old Gefgaan story called' The Adventures of Reynard the Fox,' in the illustrations of which animals of different countries are represented in the attitudes and with the expressions of men. The illustrations are very good, and from the well-known fact that men often resemble certain animals in a most curiousand unac countable manner, their effect is highly amusing. It is particularly so, if you happen by any chance to be minded by them of any particular person. Now, must I suffer death if I say that I never looked at these pictures withoUt thinking of Mr. Seward and of Air. Sumner ?—and that I never ' hear the names of Mr. Seward or. of Mr. 'Sumner without thinking of the picture of the - Fox and of the picture of the Gander?' "SICK_ OF THE IMBECILITY OF THE GOVERNMENT. this s w b e awr s i t o l fh l l' e theaa sick Governmentc i the s " And what if I am frank enough to gay that I waste my money,wh aaagvnge managed even a n vn g eang e:te imbecil it y th e death ? I s th a t treasonable? Shall my Govern ment—that h and a i s t o say, my servant, my creature — stop my paper, and interrupt my business, and violate my constitution, and starve and kill my soldiers out of pure neglect, and gain only disaster and defeat for me by all this folly. And shall I say nothing ?Iflam to put with • P this and more, and say nothing, or else be shut up by order of W. H. Seward, I want to know sert • ously and calmly, what shall I fight Jeff. Davis for ? What shall I fight Jeff. Davis for ? What worse can he do to me than Seward or Stanton have done already ? What, indeed—when their want of sense and want of energy have made him everything that he is ! Lost money may be regained, lost armies may be replaced out of our swarms of men, but who shall give us back the time we have 'fooled away' before the dirt heaps of Manassas? Expose • a cup of clear water to the frost. Observe it, and even when the cold begins to fill its trans parent substance with beautiful spicula of ice, if you agitate the mass it will net immediately freeze. But give it in that condition a very short period of rest and it becomes a rock, hardly yielding to the energies of gunpowder and fire ? So have we found the South. They were once un decided, Time and the stupidity of Government have consolidated a hesitating into a hostile people. Yet Mr. Gordon is a traitor if he calls a fool a fool!' a~' _~ ~~' "A PICTURE OF A NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY. " New England to-day is covered with societies, in which the best of men and women conscientiously, but reluctantly, and the worst of men and women, eagerly, and with a devilish delight, perform the part of spies and informers upon each other. To say that such a gigantic system of mutual espionage does not tend to degrade character is simply to say that eavesdropping and tale-bearing are not low and mean occupatiovs, Under its influence, nothing is known of a man's real character or disposition. Habitual watchfulness upon the one side awakens habitual hypocrisy on the other. And it is only when the little saint of Boston expands into the gigantic villain of New Orleans or San Francisco that you can tell how vast a benefit you derived from his emigration. The wickedness looked little here, because we saw but little of it. The enormous pres sure of universal listening and peeping had driven it deep into the innermost fibres of our society. So pressed, it produces Smelling Committees—it elects Hiss Legislatures; it brings such men as Deacon Palmer to associate, out of fear, with men like Mr. Washburn, whom they receive into their cellars, and dismiss through back doors. Nobody will deny the fact, or its application here, who is not prepared to deny the existence of the Rev. Mr. Kalloch or his church member, Mr. Hayes, who peeked after him, and black mailed him and then exposed him. It is Mr. Hayes's turn to-day. It may be Mr. Kalloch's turn to-morrow. It is Mr. Washburn's now. It may be the Gordons' turn by and by. Bat be the turn whose it may, the system of a barbarous age and people applied to the con trol of a civilised mankind awakens the fiercest re sentment. Men have put up with the savagest taskmasters. They have endured the bloodiest tyrants without resistance for many years. They have submitted to the Kings of Prussia, to the Czars, to the House of Austria, and even to the Turks. But a government of meddling philanthropists they cannot bear. It resembles the government of ver min more than any human despotism—individually vile and odious, but quite insignificant ; when col lected, they they are all-pervading, all-devouring, appalling, loathsome to every sense, and intoler able to the strongest body and the firmest mind!" - No. 21,884. PUI3LICATIONS. NEW NOVEL by the Author of " MATHEW . PAXTON." Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., JOHN ARNOLD. By the Author of "Mathew Paxton," &c. Ifurst and Blackett, 1.1, Great Marlborough-street. Now ready, at all the Booksellers, in 1 vol., Svo., • TRAVELS IN BRITISH COLUMBIAI with the NARRATIVE of a YACHT VOYAGE ROUND VANCOUVER'S ISLAND. By Captain C. E. BARRET T-LENNARD. Hurst and Blackett, Publishers, 13, Great Marlborough street. AMUSEMENTS. CANTERBUR'Y HALL. Re-appearance of the miraculous STECKEL, the greatest Trapeze performer in the world. Grand Selections trom "DON SEBASTIEN" and "IL TROVATORE." Unsworth, with the celebrated Stump speech, "Or any other man." Also Eugene and Duley, forming the greatest Comic Trio in London; and all the other Comic favourites of the day. T H E 0 X F OR D, 6, OXFORD STREET. Verdi's "IL CORSARO " Every Evening, by Miss Russell, Miss Townley ; Messrs. Morley, Greene, and Albert, with Full Band and Chorus, in addition to the usual musical and other attractions. Comic—Miss Caroline Parkes, Mr. W. Randall, and those unrivalled Ethiopian comedians, Rumsey, Newcomb, Little Bob, Eugene, and Unsworth (the orizln ai "or any other man"). " The miraculous Steckel " on the Flying Trapeze. Hall, 6d. ; Balcony and Stalls, Is. ; Private Boxes. 10s. 6d. A//FR. AND MRS. CHARLES MATHEWS .13J-L. "Al' HOME." at HER MAJESTY'S CONCERT ROOM, Haymarket, THIS EVENING (Wednesday), at 8, in ar entirely New and Original Entertainment, written by Heury J. Byron, Esq. PART I. "MY WIFE AND I." PART IT. A Romance of intense Interest, yclept THE " SENSA TION" FORK; or, The Maiden, the Maniac, and the Mid night Murderers. Performed by a double Company (Two). EVERY EVENING (except Saturday), at Eight; SATUR DAI MORNINGS, at Three. Places may be secured at the Box-office, from Ten till Five; at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library, M Old Bond-street; at Austin's Ticket Office, St. James's Hall, and of all Booksellers. No extra charge for booking. Open at Ealf-past Seven. Carriages at a quarter to Ten. W. CORBYN, Acting Manager. R. and MRS. GERMAN REED. with Mr. -LTA- JOHN PARRY, will give their NEW ENTERTAIN MENT, " The Family Legend," by Tom Taylor, Esq., and Mr. John Parry's Musical Narrative of a Colleen Bawn, every evening (except Saturday), at 8. Morning representa tions Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, at 3.—Royal Gallery of Illustration, 14, Regent-street. Unreserved se.ts, ls. and 2s. ; stalls, 3s. ; stall (spring) chairs, Is. Secured in advance, without fee, at the Gallery ; and at Messrs. Cramer and Co.'s 201, Regent-street. NOTICE,.—The Extra Representation on Tuesday will be discontinued after the 26th inst. wS. WOODIN'S CABINET of CURIO • SITIES—NewIy Polished and Re-Iined—POLY GRAPHIC BALL, Icing William-street, Charing-cross, Every Evening, at eight (except Saturday), with new characters, music, songs, and dances. The scenic illustrations and effects, entirely new, painted by and under the direction of Mr. William Cal lcott. Morning Performance, Saturday, Aug. 23. at 3. Stalls, 3s. ; area, 28.; amphitheatre, Is. Box-office open from eleven to five. Woodin as Mr. Sothern, of the Haymarket, in his celebrated character of "Lord Dundreary," Morning and Evening. ARGYLL ROOMS. Great Windmill-street, Haymarket—GßAND 'CASINO RANCAISE.— Open every Evening fbr Promenade and Dancing, with the celebrated Band of 50 performers. Conductor and Principal Cornet-a-Piston, M. BOULCOURT.—The new Imperial Qua drille, Vales Cotillion, and L. Mosca's Peep o'Day Valse will be played nightly. A new Conversation Salon has been added to the above Establishment for Reading, Coffee, and Refreshments. — Admission Is.—Manager, M. Grenet. ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA, COVENT GARDEN. Under the Management of Miss Louisa Pyne and Mr. W. Harrison, Sole Lessees. The nobility, gentry, subscribers. and the public are re spectfully informed that the SEVENTH SEASON of the ROYAL ENGLISH OPERA will COMMENCE at the above Theatre, on MONDAY, August 25, with Benedict's highly successful Opera, THE LILY OF KILLARNEY. — Box-office now open from 10 to 5 daily. THEATRE-ROYAL,. DRURY-LANE. Dion Boucicault, Lessee. THEATRE-ROYAL,. THIS EVENING, A KISS IN THE DARK. Followed by the first part of the Arab Entertainment at half-past 7. After which, THE COLLEEN . BAWN: Messrs. Dion Boucicault, H. Vandenhoff, F. Robinson, Searle; Madame Celeste, Jordan, Stevens. To conclude with THE ARABS OF THE DESERT : a Troupe of the Beni-Zoug-Zomr, at 10. Commence at 7. Box-office open from 10 to 5. THEATRE-RO YAI , HAY MARKET. Lessee Mr. J. B. Buckstone. THIS EVENING, at Seven, FISH OUT OF WATER. Mr. Compton, Mr. Rogers, Miss Caroline Hill, are. After which, at a quarter to 8, will be performed (206th time) OUR AMERICAN COUSIN. Asa Trenchard, Mr. Buck stone ; Lord Dundreary, Mr. Sothern. Followed by a new Spanish Ballet entitied CELOS Y'CALIA • or, Love and Jealousy. Senora Perea Nona, Se nor Ricardo Moragras, and the Corps de Ballet. To conclude with THE CHRISTENING. OYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Lessee, Mr A. Harris. THIS EVENING, THE RENDEZVOUS. Messrs. Higgie, Meadows, &c., and Miss Maria Harris. After which, at a quarter to Eight, KING HENRY VIII. cardinal Wolsey, Mr. Charles Kean ; Queen Katharine, Mrs. Charles Kean. To cenefude with THE TWO DOLTS. Mr. Widdicomb. Commence at 7. No half-price. HOYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manager—Mr. Edmund Falconer. 238th Night of the continuous run of "Peep o'Day." THIS EVENING, PEEP O'DAY ; or, Savourneen Deelish. Messrs. Walter Lacy, Addison, Charles Selby, Geo. Melville, and Edmund Falconer ; Mrs. D. P. Bowers, Miss Clara Weston. and Miss M. Hudson. After which, a new musical, pictorial, poetical, and ballet Interlude, entitled KILLARNEY. Miss Anna Whitty and Miss Lydia Thomson. Followed by a new Farce, entitled THE COLLEEN RAWN SETTLED AT LAST. Mr. Charles Selby and Miss Lydia Thompson. Acting Manager—Mr. F. B. Chatterton. Prices as usual. Doors open at half-past 6, to commence at 7. Box-office open daily from 11 tlll5. "6tnmenee a: 7. MASCULINE POWER RESTORED in FOURTEEN DAYS, without the possibility of failure. For guaranteed remedy enclose two ' , tamps. Ad dress, CHIRURGUS, 211, REGENT-STREET, LONDON. W. ORNAMENTS for the Drawing-room, Library, nd Dining-room, consisting of a new and elegant assort ment , -.IVA SESFigures, Groups. Candlesticks, Obelisks, Ink stanaS, heautiful inlaid Tables Paper weights, &c., in Italian, &iabas er, Parian, Marble, Bronze, Derbyshire Spar, &c. I mported and manufactured by JAMES TENNANT, Mine ralogist to her Majesty, 149, Stand, W.C., London. Mr. Tennant arranges elementary collections of SHELLS, MINERALS, ROCKS, and FOSSILS, which will greatly facilitate 'be interesting study of MINERALOGY, CON eachLOGY, And GEOLOGY, at 2,5, 10, 20, 50, to 100 guineas PRACTICAL I NSTRUCTION in GEOLOGY and MINE RALOGY is given by Mr. TENNANT. at 149, Strand, W.C. TOZEAU'S COPAIIINE MEGE.—Copaiba and Cubehs are doubtless the best remedies, but are of a re pulsive taste and odour, and occasion collickv pains, nausea, and gastric disturbance. M. Jozeau has succeeded in render ing' them perfectly innocuous by increasing all their curative pro perties. It has been adopt ed by the 'Paris Academy of Medicine after more than a thousand trials in Paris and the different London hospitals, viz., St. Thomas's, Guy's. an d St. Bartholomew's, under the care of Messrs. Lloyd, Poland, and LeErros Clark.—(Lancet, Nov. 6, 1857). The Copahine, which is in form of a pretty pink sue-ar plum, effects a cure in about six days. 100 Capsules, 4s. 6d.; pest free, ss. 2d.—At French Chemist, aymarket, London; 22, Rue St. G. Rue St Paris; and all Chemsts. THE SUN, LONDor, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 20, 1862. ( REAT WESTERN RAILWAY. - On SATURDAY, August 23, an EXCURSION TRAIN will leave PADDINGTON at 2.25 p.m., and Reading at 3.35 p.m., for CIRENCESTER and Stroud (12s. and 65.); Glou cester and Cheltenham (14s. and 75.); Ross and Hereford (16s. and Bs.) ; returning a t 5 p. m . on Tuesday, August 26. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY.- On SUNDAY, August 24 an EXCURSION T RAIN will leave Padding - ton at - 8.40 a:m. for TAPLOW ( s s. and 2s. ed.), Twyford and Henley (ss. ed. and 35.), Pangbourne, Goring, Wallingford-road (es. and 3s. ed.), Abingdon and Oxford (Gs. cd. and 45.), returning the same day at 7.30 p.m. LITERATURE. Eenuniscences of the Life and Character of Count Cavour. By William De La Rive. Translated from the French by Edward Romilly. Long- man and Co. The work before us is a translation of one which appeared in five successive numbers of the " Bibliothique Universelle of Geneva," and which, written by a relative and intimate friend of Cavour, bears every mark of trust worthiness. Without assuming to be a com plete biography, it nevertheless traces his career from its commencement to its close, conveys a very vivid idea of his character, and is among the most interesting works of the kind that have of late ap peared. At present the writer intimates that a biography perfect in all its details could not be written. "Too many pages must be left in blank which another generation may be entitled to fill up with those secrets which official documents can alone reveal, and which we in the present day must be contented to guess at. Neither can the memory of Cavour be so quickly disengaged from the in fluence of those conflicting passions which were called forth or fomented by himself." But if, as a diplomatist, it is as yet impossible to do full jus tice to his genius, the same objection does not apply to his character as an individual. Of the latter, those about him and his intimate friends were the best judges; to this their testimony is invaluable, and few would seem to have possessed more favour able opportunities than the writer of the present volume. Camille Benso de Cavour, born at Turin, August 1, 1810, is described as being, when about three years of age, a" good romping boy ; stout, obstreperous, and always ready for play." At first he seems to have had little taste for study. Indeed, he expressed a horror of it. Never theless, he was destined one day to be come the hardest of workers. " In 1816," says the author, " his parents brought him and his brother to Geneva. They spent some time at Presinge, at my grandfather's. I am tempted to allude to this visit, in consequence of my father having more than once described to me the im pression produced by Camille de Cavour, on his first visit to Presinge. He was then an arch little fellow, with a countenance full of animation, indicative of decision of character; very enter taining in his ways, and with an endless flow of childish frolic and fun. He wore a little red coat, which gave him a droll, and, at the same time, a 'determined look. On his arrival, he was under a good deal of excitement, and stated to my grandfather that the postmaster at Geneva had given them such execrable horses that he ought to be dismissed. I insist upon his being dismissed,' he repeated again and again. But,' replied my grandfather, cannot dismiss the postmaster; the first Syndic alone has that power. Well,' then, I must have an audience of the first Syn dic.' You shall have it to-morrow,' replied my grandfather; and he at once wrote to his friend, M. Schmidtmeyer, then first Syndic, and told him he was going to send him a very amusing 'little man;' and, accordingly, the next day the child appeared at M. S.'s, and was received in due form. With perfect composure he made three profound bows, and then, in a clear voice, pre ferred his complaint, and called for judgment. On his return, as soon as he perceived my grand father, he exclaimed, Well, he will be dismissed.' He was then hardly six years old; his taste for dis missals, therefore, began early." Intended by his father for a soldier he went, at ten years of age, to the Military Academy, and was soon after made a page at the palace —an honour reserved for youths of high birth, but which to the independent spirit of the young Camille seems to have been by no means agreeable. " Orab day," says the writer, " when 1 happened to ask him what dress the pages wore, Parbleu!' he re plied in an excited voice, ' how do you suppose we could have been dressed, except as lacqueyi, which we were ?' It made me blush with shame.' As page he had been attached to the service of Prince.Carig nan, afterwards Charles Albert, for whom he always entertained a rooted dislike, which seems to have been mutual. At the Military Academy, however, he distinguished himself, especially in mathematics. " I owe a great deal to mathematics," he said, " it forms the mind, and teaches one to think!' Still, he afterwards regretted that his education had not been wider in scope. So marked were his abilities, however, while at the Academy, that when he left it at sixteen, he was made sub-lieutenant of engi neers, although, by the rules of the service, it was not before twenty years of age that an officer's com mission could be obtained ; but an exception was made in his favour, and as sub-lieutenant he served in various garrisons. Some imprudent, or as we may suppose, liberal expressions he made use of while at Genoa during the events of July, 1830, brought him into disgrace, and forced him to resign his commission, and it was now that, in default of other employment, ho took to agriculture, and with complete success. "It is right you should know," he says in a letter to M. Naville, "that I have be come an agriculturist for good and all ; it is now my vocation. On my return from England I found my father occupied with public affairs, and, there fore, no longer able to attend to his own ; he suggested that I should take charge of them, and I most readily consented, for when it has been decided to undertake the management of one's own property, unless it is carefully looked after, one's fortune is at stake. These occupations, which I undertook at first out of duty, I now follow from inclination ; by degrees I have acquired a taste for agricultural pursuits, and I could not now give them up without much re gret." It was in 1833 that he undertook the management of Leri, a large and neglected estate which by his energy and sagacity he appears to have brought to the highest degree of productive ness. " At sun rise, he was at his work, inspect ing his cattle sheds, present when the labourers went to their work, and superintending their work during the dog-days under a burning sun ; net satisfied with giving general orders, but providing for the minutest details, alive to all the discoveries of chemistry and mechanical invention, multiplying his experiments, and recording their results with that good sense which never failed him, abandoning one set of experiments and repeating others, upon an immense scale, and with a degree of boldness which frightened his good neighbours, who came to him with fear and trembling for an op i n i on ." To agricultural chemistry, and especially to the u manures, he seems to have paid great e atattention. t s te b n j t e i c o t n of . "Manures," he says, "is the basis of agriculture ; if it cannot be obtained, all effectual t no progress is at once arrested. It is like building a house with no foundation." And ex cep ti ona l i n English here or we practical cannot help oretmhai:kminingdt—heaptuecruliana the Italian aristocracy, who, as a general ru l e , l eave their estates entirely in the hands of their st ewar d s , and have su n k i n cons equence, many o f th em, i nto a state little above pauperism. Nor did the estate alone absorb all his activity. " At one time he was superintending the clearing of a forest, at another he was undertaking to supply the Pacha of Egypt with 800 merino sheep, which after wards he did not know where to get (though he soon found the means to do so), then making canals, introducing the cultivation of beet root, and projecting a manu factory of sugar." Moreover, ( 4 He established packet-boats on the Lago Maggiore; and at Turin, steam-mills for grinding corn, and a manufactory for chemical products ;" and "he formed a rail way company and founded the Bank of Turin." lie also materially aided in estab lishing the Agricultural Society of Piedmont, the bye-laws of which were in great part his work —in fact, his energy was inexhaustible. In the autumn of 1834 he went to Genoa, and thence visited Paris and England : his stay in the latter country, however, was short. At that time he did not understand the language; but he nevertheless made use of the opportunity to thoroughly study " the great question of pauperism ;" and he pub lished, " at the request of the Prime Minister, an extract from the report of the Commissioners charged by the English Government to inquire into the state of the poor, and to prepare a new law on the subject." At that time, and, indeed, up to 1848, the Court of Turin was governed by the Jesuits, and both political and intellectual freedom were as far as possible annihilated. Indeed, Cavour at that time compared Turin to "an intellectual hell"—" science and intelligence," he said, " are looked upon as inventions of the devil by those who condescend to govern us." It may be imagined, then, how little scope the arena of politics offered him at that period. In 1843 he paid another visit to England; when he becamikacquainted with Mr. Davenport, a large landed proprietor of Cheshire, on whose estate he had ample opportunity to study the English system of agriculture, his remarks on which, as expressed in a letter to M. Naville, are extremely sensible, and he also seems to have been greatly struck with the advantages of railroads. On his return he published two articles, one being en the condition of Ireland, and the other on the abolition of the corn laws. In a letter to the writer he said, "I am a great admirer of the English ; I have a sincere sympathy for them, for I consider them as the advanced guard of civilisation. Never theless, I have not the slightest confidence in their politics. When I see them holding out one hand to Metternich, and with the other pushing on the ultra-Radicals in Portugal, Spain, and Greece, I confess I am but little disposed to believe in their political honesty." Thus his admiration of Eng land was not that of a mere partisan, and his re marks on the state of public feeling on the Conti nent with regard to us are worthy of attention. in general favourable " that public opi nion" It must nn t the ee aContinent dmi t admitted," is h e notsays, to England. Extreme part ies, opposed in every thing else, are agreed in entertaining a violent hatred for that country. The moderate party like her in theory, but in reality they have no sympathy for her. A few individual men who rise superior to the praises of the multitude, and to popular in stinct, alone feel that esteem and interest fcir the English nation which is due to one of the greatest nations who has done honour to mankind, who has powerfully contributed to develope the material and moral resources of the world, and whose civilising mission is still far from being ended. Let it not be supposed that this is the feeling of France alone. In that country it may be expressed in louder tones and in a more lively manner; but substantially it is com mon to all European nations. From St. Petersburg to Madrid, in Germany as in Italy, the enemies of progress, and the partisans of political subversion, look upon England as their most formidable adver sary. The former charge her with being the hot bed of every revolution, the secure refuge, the cita del as it were, of propagandists and levellers. The latter, on the contrary, with more reason perhaps, consider the English aristocracy as the corner-stone of the social edifice of Europe ; and as the greatest obstacle in the way of their democratic views. The hatred which animates extreme parties against England ought to make her popular with interme diate parties, with the friends of moderate reform, and of the gradual and regular progress of mankind; with those, in a word, who are, on principle, equally opposed to sweeping changes in society, and to its remaining stationary. But this is not so. The motives which might induce them to sympathise with England are met by a host of prejudices, re collections, humours, the effect of which is almost always irresistible. I do not pretend to condemn all the causes of this ill feeling ; I simply record them." In 1847 Cavour, in conjunction with several others, established a newspaper called the .Risor gimento, the organ of the moderate liberal party, and of which he became editor, and as the reform granted by Pius the Ninth at the close of the year threw Italy into a ferment, he at a meeting of the liberal party at Turin, proposed to ask the King for a constitution. This motion was, at the time, rejected; but a month later Charles Albert, irresistibly impelled by the progress of events, granted it, and to the special commission appointed to /draw up the electoral law Cavour belonged. Shortly after this he was cleated for Turin, became absorbed in politics, and henceforth his career be longs to the history of Europe—of the world. The brain of Italy he collected, as it were, to a focus the scattered energies of his countrymen, inspired them with confidence, united the party of order with those of progress, ana boldly claimed and won for her a place among the nations. Inflexible in pur pose, undaunted by difficulties, indefatigable in exertion, he possessed the talentiaaand energies of a multitude of men—he was in himself a host. Italy for centuries has not produced his like. From chaos he brought forth order; out of a small State he created a great kingdom. To thoroughly esti mate his character in all its grand proportions, the time is not yet ripe ; but to those who feel interest in the career of not merely an Italian, or of a states man, but of, in the fullest sense of the term, a man, we commend the present work. We envy not him who can read parts of it without emotion. It heightens our respect for human nature, and few we think can rise from it without feeling better. 'wiser and HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK. (From the Regatrar-General's Weekly R e t urn .) the the weekly total number return . t r a l r t - appears slof the Regis trar-general of deaths in London in the week that ended last Saturday was 1,228. The average number for corresponding weeks in ten previous years (after correction for from m at increase of population) is 1,319. The deaths actually registered last week are less by 91 than the number obtained by calculation; but it will be observed that the latter is raised above its normal amount by the epidemic cholera of 1854, Which at this period of the year had made considerable progress. It may, however, be stated generally that the health of London is at present quite as good as that which its inhabitants usually enjoy in the middle of August. , _ The births of last week exceeded the deaths in the same period by 420. Diarrhoea is on the increase, as is usual at this season of the year. There were 116 deaths from it last week, all of which, except 12, occurred among. t infants. Besides these, 12 were referred to cholera, which, with the exception of 3, occurred to very young children. At 55, Grove-street, Regent's park, a letter-carrier, aged 58 years, died of cholem, after a day's illness. A widow, aged 55 yearn, died at 3, Horse Shoe-buildings, Shoreditch, of English cholera. A woman, aged 42 years, died of " subacute gastritis (8 days), caused by eating roast pork out of season, which acted as an irritant poison." A coal- w hipper, aged 65 years, died sud denly from exhaustion, caused by a hard day's work and want of sufficient nourishment. And a child, the son of a shoebinder, died at 29, Mason street, Kent-road, from "disease of the lungs, acce lerated by want of proper nourishment - and medical. attention." Measles, which was fatal in 61 cases, appears to prevail much in Holyvvell (Shoreditch), , Hackney-road subdistrict, and Spitalfields. Last week the births of 826 boys and 822 girls, in all 1,648 children, were registered in Loudon. . lln the 10 corresponding weeks of the years 1852.61 the average number, (corrected) was 1,805. At the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, the mean height of the barometer in the week was '29.778 in. The barometrical reading rose to 30.01 in. on Tues day, and it fell to 29.59 in. on Thursday. The mean temperature of the air in the week was 58.7 deg., which is 2.8 degs below the average of the same week in 43 years (as determined by Mr. Glaisher). The mean daily temperature was below the average throughout the week. The lowest night temperature was 47.3 degs, on Sunday. The highest day temperature was 74 degs. on Tuesday. The range of the thermometer in the week was 26.7 degs. The mean daily range was '17.1 de grecs. The difference between the mean dew point temperature and air temperature was 3.1 degs. The mean degree of humidity of the air was 91, complete saturation being represented by 100, which point was actually attained on Saturday. The wind was W.N.W. on the first two days; it was afterwards in the south-west till Saturday, when it turned to north-east. The mean of the highest temperatures of the water of the Thames was 63.9 degs.; the mean of the lowest was 61.7 degs. The amount of rain measured was nearly an inch, all of which fell on the last three days. NOTES United I n N ited " St E a -R tes i , C o A nly COOutUoNE of T 1 ,38 253 have escaped the attempts at imit a ti on b y one 1 banks lr E i r in th e or other of the many species of frauds ; and, out of this 253, at least 143 are not worth counterfeiting; so that, in round numbers, out of 1,300 bank-notes issued but 100 are not counterfeited. The rule is that the better the bank the more the counterfeits. All the New York City notes are counterfeited ex cept three, and of these two are closing institutions, and one does not issue any notes! The only State (besides lowa, which has but one bank) whose bank notes are not counterfeited is Florida. The reason is plainly because the genuine notes of the four banks in that State are all of doubtful value. So in all the Seceded States, where the paper currency is much depreciated, counterfeiting is at a low tide. Maryland has only four bank-note issues not coun terfeited out of 33, and of these four one is at a heavy discount. The great State of Massachusetts, with her 182 banks, has only seven whose issues are not counterfeited. And yet Massachusetts is the only State where there is an association for the prevention of counterfeiting. Of the 295 banks in New York State the issues of only 45 are not coun terfeited. After deducting from the list of banks whose issues are not counterfeit the " wild-cat," the " shaky," the closing, the closed, the worthless, those not yet in operation, and those which are new, the list of uncounterfeited bank-notes grows small and (not beautifully) less. The total num ber of kinds of counterfeits in circulation is 5,902, so far as those most interested in keeping the record can determine. How many thousand of each of these kinds, or of many other kinds, are in circulation, is known, of course, only to the origir• nators of the frauds. But the analysis of the different -species teaches us a wholesome lesson as to the facility for frauds which our paper money presents to the counter feiter. But a very small portion of our bad bills is composed of " imitations," or bona fide counterfeits of the genuine notes. This is accounted for by the difficulty of producing counterfeits in the same way that the originals are manufactured. Even of the 461 " imitations" out of 5,902 different kinds of fraudulent notes, the great majority is set down as badly done, poorly executed, engraving coarse, &c. The frauds are, however, effected in many other ways—viz., by alterations from one bank to ano ther, or from a lower to a higher denomination ; by spurious notes, well engraved, but unlike genuine except in name, by photography, litho graphy, &c. The alterations number highest on the list, and count up 3,039 varieties out of the total number of 5,902 frauds, or more than half of our bad bills consist of altered notes. One cause of this multiplicity of altered notes is the remarkable similarity of names occurring among the banks in this country. We find 24 Union banks, of which eight are in New York State; 23 city banks, of which four are in New York State ; 23 farmers' banks, of which seven are in New York State. There are eight people's banks, six traders' banks, 14 farmers' and and mechanics' banks, 10 market banks. Then' we have mechanics' and manufacturers,' mechanics' and traders,' mechanics' and farmers,' mechanics' and merchants', mechanics' and planters' banks ad libitum, and all those titles transposed. Likewise far mers' and citizens', farmers' and manufacturers', farmers' and merchants', farmers' and mechanics', farmers' and exchange banks, all tending to con fuse by the similarity of title, especially since the name of the State is often placed in an obscure corner of the note, so as not to attract attention, and give a poor bank the benefit of the circulation o f a good bank of the same name. Thus, when a New Yorker sees the Orange County Bank, his mind will naturally revert to our land of milk and butter, and he may take the note, not thinking there is an Orange Bank in New Jersey, and an Orange Bank in Vermont, or perchance an Orange Bank in Washington, D.C. So, in the palmy days of the Washington shinplasters, bogus banks were started with names similar to our best city banks, by which means many citizens were swindled, they having supposed, on taking the bills, that they were tak ing city money. The evil was greatly heightened by the fact that the same engravers who engraved the good money engraved the bad, so that in many cases it required the closest scrutiny to distinguish the good from the bad ; so close was the resem blance, in fact, that when some of the bogus banks collapsed, the bad money was easily altered so as to be more like the good by simply changing the name of the State. This is indeed one of the most fruitful sources of altered notes, the bad notes of a popular name being available for frauds of good banks of the same name in other States. The beauti ful and apparently; secure style of engraving bank notes generally adopted in this country in reality facilitates counterfeiting, because the small de nominations can be easily erased and larger ones substituted. The practice, which has prevailed to a great extent, of using parts of bank-notes for other purposes, has enabled counterfeiters to obtain possession of denominational figures, which are readily printed into any required spot of a note to be altered. Another aid to alterations of bank-notes is the repeated and frequent use of the same devices on the notes of different banks, and often of different banks of the sathe name. A counterfeit of one note is a counterfeit of parts of many others, so that the labours of the counterfeiter are greatly simplified. These peculiarities of the present system of bank notelaengraving were strikingly illustrated ! v7O of the most successful counterfeiting operations ever known. In the first instance a United Sta t es Treasury note was actually engraved by the engravers who executed the original, who wer e, without suspicion on their part, employed by the counterfeiter to do the counterfeit. The same dies or stamps were, therefore, used to do bot h the original and counter feit. In the second instance (the great Austrian bank forgery of 1858), some of the most resp ec t a bl e and capable artists of the c ity were, unknow n t o themselves, engaged in executing the counterfeit. In both these ins tances the p la n pursued was exactly that of the first counterfeiter of the Bank of England note, more than 100 years ago. In all three cases the counterfeiters were not artists. From the time of Vaughan, who was a linendraper, down to Jerry Cowsden, the most successful of American counterfeiters, the greater number and most dangerous counterfeits have been produced by men who were not artists. Next in number to the altered notes come the spurious, and it is curious to observe the relations STAMPED ....nd. which these two species of fraud have to each other as compared with their relations in past years. Spurious notes resemble only in name the notes for which they are intended to pass. The counterfeiter relies upon the ignorance of the public as to the appearance of the genuine note. He uses broken and bogus bank plates, sometimes carefully altering the states and signatures so as to have the fraud present the semblance of goodOss. While only about two-thirds of our bank-note issues were coun terfeited in 1856 about four-fifths are counterfeited now. There is a decrease of imitations or real coun terfeits, because the facilities for alterations have increased to such an extent that, instead of 1,119 in 1856, we have 3,039 different kinds in 1862. The spurious notes have also increased from 224 to 1,685 varieties, and the miscellaneous frauds from 142 to 717 varieties. The total increase in the number of banks was only about 72, while the in crease of counterfeiting of all kinds was nearly 3,000 varieties. How many of each variety was issued, as already remarked, is known only to the counterfeiter. Making the moderate estimate of 1,000 dols. of each variety in circulation, we have a total amount of nearly 6,000,000 dols. (and possibly 60,000,000 dols. are afloat) of bad money constantly passing from hand to hand, destroying confidence in the circulating medium, embarrassing trade, and presenting an appalling evidence of moral turpi tude.—New York Times. THE RIGHT OF FREE SPEECH VINDI- TED IN MASSACLIUSETiZ We take from the Boston Courier the following full report of the trial mentioned in our New York correspondent's letter. It will be found extremely interesting, and certainly the speech of the prisoners' counsel was " free" enough : " At the examination of the Gordons for treason in Boston, R. H. Dana, jun., the District Attorney, appeared, and said in substance that there was no statute of the United States under which the Gordons could be held merely for expressions of hostility to the Government, or for receiving intel ligence from the South ; that such things were not actually treason, there being no overt acts proved ; that the line must be drawn somewhere, and that, although the conduct of the Gordons was pretty close up to it, he must enter a nolle prosequi in the case. " Mr. H. M. Parker replied that, after what had been said by the Attorney, it was his duty to pro test against any disposition of the case, except by a hearing and determination by the magistrate. He said that no one of the five Gordons had been guilty even of improper talk, except Henry, the youngest. He warned those self-constituted committees that the community would not tolerate such inferences as they had been guilty of. He thought the counsel for the defendants ought to have an opportunity to vindicate the character of these men. He had not himself preferred to argue this case, having from the beginning left that to the junior counsel, Mr. Sennot. "Mr. Dana said that an argument in the case after Government had abandoned it would be use less; but if anything could be said in vindication of the Gordons it would be quite fair to allow it. " Mr. Sennott was obliged to fhe District Attor ney for that. He said that, after what the Gor dons had suffered, it would be no advantage to them to argue their case. What they wanted their counsel to do was to vindicate their charac ter, and to expose the meanness of their prose cutors. This he proposed to do now. "He then addressed the Commissioners in a speech, from which we make the following extracts: " THE RIGHT OF FREE SPEECH: " ' I declare before God that, as I understand that right, I value it more than Ido my. life ! And I call this whole country to witness if I have not before now proved the sincerity of this declaration by my actions ! And the right I vindicated at the hazard of my life, before a Southern tyrant, I will not give up, for the sake of my business, to a Yankee sneak. Neither shall the Gordons. Their case is ours. We are tried with them. And in defending them we defend ourselves and country from a gang compared with whom Col. Ledbetter is humane, and General Floyd respectable. Mr. Sumner was once the ad vocate of free speech. He claimed to be almost one of its martyrs ; and in defence of it, or in conse quence of it, he certainly was the victim of a cow ardly assault, inflicted with a ferocity and endured with a meekness unexampled in the annals of cudgelling ! He now changes his opinion, or at least his language. With that felicity of illusion which belongs, among the public writers of Ame rica, to him and to Governor Andrew alone, he advises his friends to put their ' heels' upon those who differ from them, and who dare to speak out. The advice is given in a letter to the late war meet ing at New York. Is this prosecution an experi ment made upon poor mechanics, by a few small conspirators, in pursuance of an agreement between the principal Thugs at Washington, in order, if it works well, to sacrifice more important victims to the Abolition Kalee ? I do not know. I know that tne gentlemen of the Republican party do not countenance it, and that it will fail here, because, to reach their political opponents, they must cut down their political and personal friends. If free speech is treason here, our excellent Governor would speedily be known as the late unlamented John A. 1 Andrew, for his speech is exceedingly free and easy —quite loose, as you may say. Then, what would become of Mr. Phillips ? Does he speak in favour of the Government ? Has he ever said anything in favour of any Government except that of Hayti? Did he not lately advise a large and patriotic as sembly not to give a man or a dollar to the Govern ment of the United States ? And did not that patriotic society applaud that liberal suggestion ? Shall we prosecute Mr. Phillips, therefore? Not with my goodwill. Not without my active . ree'fiti ante. I should violate the very first prin anyw ciP ales,.ing ° Democracy, which is greater to me did th n ot fight for but the Word of God himself, if I any fool who Mx. Phillip's right to talk treaso n to an wants to hear him." riaSl II TROOPS ON " WHAT WAS SAID OF TIM -- t of the late Colonel Cass " ' When the regimen t of of the 2d bat t alion , it off, without an escort hissed in . State-street, as was the ',wawa it was not actually reg iment on its return from Mexico, Massachusetts ble remark was made and hea d th t but the agrees r a of the Irish would be agr t relief the departure at to our poorhouses and gaols. The Governor or his friends w ay say so about Colonel Cass's countrymen the Irish, without committing treason or even giv er/3n about Mr. Andrew's BO S TON. j og offence. We are not accused of talking so badly .—yet we are prosecuted !' men—the negroes " WHAT MR. SENNOTT THINKS OF SECRETARY SEWARD. " Have we arrived at such a state that no one must find fault with any action or omission of the Government or any member of it, without having treason imputed to him ? Cannot you, Sir? Can not 1 ? I, for example, have the misfortune to think that Mr. Seward, our present Secratary of State, is not as fit, as a statesman, to index the papers of the late Silas Wright. However little he may be affected by my thoughts, I do think his want of sense—sober sense—has made him the laughing-stock of Europe. I think he is a small ward and county politician, who writes like a sophomore and acts like a stock jobber. Every time he speaks about what will hap pen in 60 days, in 90 days, he puts me in mind of a kerb-stone broker, chattering over the approaching maturity of a dubious note ! I think such men have been advanced to important places in this country a b ou t as often as they will be, and cannot help re joicingprobably be the last of the Lilli put i ans. ' " AN ILLUSTRATION—SEWARD AND SINNER: "'Again, Id o no t worship Mr. Sumner. ean not admire a person who is s o sim p le as to think it to think that M r . S ew ard will INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. One might reasonably have expected that on the occasion of the Great Foresters'Fete at the Crystal Palace the receipts at the Exhibition proper would have sunk to their lowest ebb. Apparently, how ever, it made no manner of difference ; if anything, the attendance was rather higher than is usual on Tuesdays. The total numbers were 54,862, the pay ments being 50,565, the season tickets 4,297. We venture to think that the time is now come when the Council of the Horticultural Society should fulfil the promise made last year, that at the close a s n u d ch re- a ad p m ro is fi s t io of the season, when the building was open for is., admission to the gardens should be given on pay ment of 3d. The price charged has never yet been every.the gardensda y of the wouldop portunitylower than 6d., and it is evident from the results that the working classes who visit the Exhibition on shilling days will not pay this sum, especially i ld to y 3 ie d l . d. , when they are not allowed to return to the building without repayment. If the price of entrance to th e gardens we sp re e n t iw ing re , d w uc o to the building allowed from them, some thousands form an additional and most important auxiliary would gladolfywaavikaiilntgheinisa them;elves to the attractions of the Exhibition itself, and, the Horticultural So ciety . as 'would amply justify an abandonment of their present lather illiberal policy. financially FOREIGN MAIL PACKET LIST. MAILS DUE. Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. Aug. 18. via Marseilles Aug. 12. .clrazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Sept. 3. Cape of Good Hope, Singapore, via Southampton. Aug. 18. Ascension, and St. Helena Sept. 1. China, Penang, an d via Marseilles Aug. 12. Falkland Island s Gibraltar, via Southampton .. .......... Aug. 14 India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Aug. 18. via Marseilles Aug. 12. India (Bombay), via Southampton Aug. 14. via Marseilles ........ Aug. 23. Lisbon Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Aug. 14. via Marseilles Aug. 12. Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo _et Aug• 13. . , ~, U. S. and British N. America , t Aug.ri ug. 1 4 . by - U.S. packet by Canadian pack .ru. W.C. of Africa t Maderra, and Teneriffe Aug. A ug. 28. B a h amas , v i a New York Aug. 28. Mexico All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Pau/ j Aug. 13. California, and British C01umbia............ I noo of i t h s A i e t i spot, YOUNG the th p n h g r e t y h s e , WOMAN A M T Y R ST O E L R L I O 7 A S yi_ P y OI e S sterd ONI: y G , accompanied by Dr. Lankestei, Middlesex, resumed for the third 24 years, residing t h e e ort f ner to il u fo lim e r hi Central Castle Tavern, Holloway-mad, b lin g tell ' mysterious death of Sarah Ryan, aged with her mother at 8, Victoria -street, Barnsbury-road, under the circumstances reported in this journal. The jury, after some further evidence had been taken, returned an discovery has just been made at Pompeii, of open verdict, that deceased died from . poison, but how or under what circumstances she took it there was no evidence has also been tira fc ( ) 3 un an d to prove. BREAD 1,800 YEARS AGO.—An important a mill with a great quantity of corn in excellent preserva tion, a n oven with 81 loaves tll l e oven tion, an loaves, arranged in rows, and but slightly affected by the heat of the lava, having been loa ar v eb es re i o n lo t g c : Not far from this I protected by a quantity of ashes which had covered the iron I door fitted to the mouth of the oven. These loaves have all b e en got out entire ; a large iron shovel for introducing the p l a ce 63 silver and a remnant of its wooden handle. It is the first discovery of the kind on record. 561 bronze coins have been found. ROYAL DRAMATIC CoLLEGE.—gr. Charles Raw lings, of Chelsea, has forwarded a cheque for £lOO to the above charity, through the hands of Mr. John Mitchell, of Old Bond-street, who expressed Mr. Rawlings' high ap proval of the energy and industry used by the council in all matters for the advantage of the institution.; i