The Sun. — London, England, 1859-09-13 00:00:00

THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Lessee, Mr. J. B. Buckatone. THIS EVENING the performances will commence with THE HAPPIEST DAY OF MY LIFE. With THE CONTESTED ELECTION. After which, OUT OF SIGHT OUT OF MIND. And IMALLOWE'EN. • Commence at 7. ROYAL STRAND THEATRE. Lessee and Directress, Miss Swanborongh THIS EVENING, THE GOOSE WITH THE GOLDEN EGGS. And TO PAREN rs AND GUARDIANS. After which, TRYING IT ON. Followed by THE VERY LATEST EDITION OF THE LADY OF LYONS. _ _ _ Commence at 7 o'clock. CANTERBUR V HALL CONCERTS. - EVERY EVENING.—The Music of Verdi's Opera of MACBETH (now first made public in England at these Con certs). the extraordinary Violin Performances of the cele brated Infant DELEYIERRE FAMILY, and the usual Vocal Concert. Comic Vocalists —Messrs. George Hodson (the Irish Come dian and Mimic), W. T. Critchfield, and E. W. Mackney. Several interesting Pictures are added to the Fine Arts bballery. The suite of Halls have been re-decorated and e autified, and constitute one of the most unique and brilliant eights of the metropolis. THE WEATHER.—SUN OFFICE, SEPTEMBER 13. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 67—highest since noon yesterday. 55—lowest this morning and during the night. 62—this day at noon. BAnomrrEn,-29.78—a fall of nearly half an inch since yesterday. WIND, North-Westerly ; fresh, with fine but cloudy weather. It rained early this morning. THREE o'CLocK.—Wind West and North-Westerly. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 2h. 31m.—Afternoon, 2h. 45m, To-Moßßow-Morning, 2h. 58m.—Afternoon, 3h. 12w, THE SUN. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 13, 1859. It is a very disheartening and discouraging view altogether, that which Mr. BRIGHT has recently given of the working of our English representative system under our Taunted Constitutional Govern ment. Addressing himself to the -whole mass of his fellow-countrymen through those pencilled hiero glyphics of the reporter, which were to be imme diately afterwards repeated through the quivering needle of the electric telegraph, the hon. member for Birmingham spoke thus, on Thursday evening last, to 26,000,000, through the 3,000 assembled celebrants of his brother-in-law's recent (rather dubious) triumph down at Huddersfield: " There has been for many years past," said he, " only what we call wasted sessions of Parliament ; and," he continued—his heart apparently sinking within him at the prospect—" I am so distressed, so weary, so disgusted, and at times so hopeless, that I often at the end of a useless session think myself a fool above all other fools for spending my time, my labour, my life in the House of Commons, and am half resolved, as a duty to myself and my family, to seek the only office that possibly I may ever hold— the office of steward of the Chiltern Hundreds. I am frequently tempted to take myself from Parlia ment, and to cease labouring in a field where there is no soil to grow anything, and upon which neither the shower falls nor the sun shines. All that we have done of late years has been to vote with a listless apathy millions of money for which you have toiled. We have squandered scores of mil lions that under a just and economical Government would have remained in your pockets ; we have added tax to tax ; we have, it is true, taken some off ; we have shifted an uncomfortable burden from one shoulder to the other, but the burden remains. It grows larger, and, if you do not stagger and fall beneath it, it is because your productiveness, your resolution, and your patience surpass those of any other people in the world." All which is, no doubt, perfectly true. But for all which we are mainly indebted to Mr. BRIGHT and all that class of poli ticians. We maintain it. As sincere lovers of a truly pacific policy—as advanced Liberals—as staunch reformers—as rational and patriotic eco nomists—we do distinctly charge Mr. BRIGHT and his sympathisers with those perpetually recurring wasted sessions of Parliament—with those con tinual postponements of urgently -required legisla tive improvements—with this squandering of the public money and this periodically increasing and increasing taxation ! As to " wasted sessions," just to:begin with—let us take this last wasted session by way of illus tration. The session of 1859 need not have been wasted at all but for such paltering reformers as the hon. member for Birmingham. Had Mr. BRIGHT and his little handful of sympathisers — those brothers-in-law of his who are such sticklers for purity of election—had Mr. BRIGHT and his small following but acted manfully, like the hon. and learned member for Sheffield—the now wasted session of 1859 might have been borne in grateful remembrance as the year in which the problem of Parliamentary Reform was at length solved, and solved satisfactorily. In arguing thus we are not in any way arguing hypothetically. We are writing about mere notorious matters-of-fact. In stead of chopping and changing about like the winds that blow, during the earlier part of this current year the Brightites could have aided in forcing the Reform Bill, introduced by the late Ministry, into committee. And having got it there into committee, they might readily have taken an active part in transferring it from an indifferent arid wholly inadequate scheme into a comprehensive and sweeping enactment. An ex tended suffrage, a revision of electoral districts, a possible diminution of the duration of Parliaments, anything—even the very Ballot denied to us obsti nately by the Whigs—was then actually lying, as it were, in the palm of our hand. We had only to close our hand upon it, and grasp it. The iron lay there temptingly hot upon the anvil of the House of Commons—it had only to be beaten into shape according to plea sure- The Ministerial measure, in the form in which it was submitted to the consi deration of the Legislature by Mr. DISRAELI, was as unseemly and as misshapen, let us say, as a lump of clay placed in the hands of a potter—but the clay was soft and plastic—it might have been moulded into any shape in committee, and have been baked in the furnace of discussion into a very model Act of Parliament. Mr. BRIGHT, however would, and he w ould not—he wanted reform, or at , any rate said that he wanted it—but he haggled about who should be the reformer. And so the session of 1859 was wasted-1 3 y the vacillation, and the insincerity, and the trumpery temporising o f such show•reformers as the hon. member for Bir mingham. ? And then Mr. BRIGHT has the con summate coolnEss and effrontery to go down to an immaculate borough like that of Huddersfield, and to protest.--- ,, I am so distressed, so weary, so dis gusted, and at times so hopeless, that I often, at the end of a useless session, think myself a fool above a.ll other Tools for spending my time, my labour, y life, in';----literally causing this very waste he is complaining of, this waste of successive sessions of the imperial Parliament ! As to the frighi,ful increase of taxation, and the lavish expenditure of the public moneys, particu larly upon the military and maritime departments of the public service, that is a very'old story indeed - --and hereogain we cannot in reason but recognise -:`.-:.'.• =,,,,„--; , , Vf,,„ ~ ,,Vi au I. P,14 4 ! s iljr . ,o • :' ' • 4 1 11), % a q i. e..•tf: - .A ~ 1 4 •' 1" : - , 4 ', : 1 , " -- . - -1, ' . 441‘ +:1 . * 7 X r ''RI '' --...r.r7--,..e. , --', Roy' ~_ -N„f;.,,T t ,.. _ ......., , -.10.4 . _....._ in Mr. BRIGHT himself, and in politicians like Mr. BRIGHT, the true and heinous delinquents. But for their preposterous clamour for peace at any price ; but for their ridiculous reliance upon the efficiency of arbitration ; but for their insensate folly as the very falsest of all false economists, in causing those periodical retrenchments which left England at last with a mere shadow of an army, with the ghost of a navy, with no channel fleet, no gunboats, and scarcely any ordnance worth bringing into the field in case of emergency—but for the palsy they gradually brought upon all branches of the public service, including even the diplomatic department—we should never have drifted into that disastrous, expensive, and sanguinary war with Russia ! We should have been enabled, at the out set, to have effectually awed back the aggressive policy of the autocrat—MENSCHIKOFF would never have adventured upon that insolent mission to Con stantinople—the Turkish Fleet at Sinope would never have been subjected to that diabolical razzia and massacre ! And Mr. BRIGHT—as if he had had nothing at all to do with it himself—would never have uttered that rhetorical rhapsody about the " Angel of Death being so near to us all that we might hear the very beating of its wings !" Yet it is notoriously because our warlike prestige has been diminished by these peace-at-any-price ravings in and out of Parliament that wars have broken out latterly in Europe ! causing us—in order to meet these abrupt emergencies—to create an army on the spur of the moment, and to call a new navy suddenly into existence—involving all this increased taxation, and enormously enhancing the aggregate of our annual expenditure ! Bright ideas certainly—this false economy—followed by the peace-at-any-price ravings about the all-sufficiency of Arbitration, No one can guess the precise game which Louis NAPOLEON is playing. His general object, on the other hand, no one pretends to doubt. Sometimes his sudden moves appear like the results of long premeditation and cunning ;—we think we see what he must be driving at ; but, immediately another move, or another revelation in the Moniteur, confounds all your guesses. Sometimes you almost come to the conclusion that the EMPEROR of the coup d'etat is half conjuror, half statesman; and that he delights quite as much in something like a political gun-trick on the theatre of Europe, as in some really able political combination ; or, at least, that he thinks snubbing an Austrian ambas- sador, proclaiming the emancipation of Italy from the Alps to the Adriatic, a Villafranca Peace after a Solferino victory, an amnesty and the like, a proper series of surprises to fix in the minds of all Europe the idea that he is an unaccountable man. It is well for all the nations which surround France to understand, that no one knows what his Majesty the Emperor NAPOLEON 111. will do next. That one thing only can be sure; to wit—that the next thing will be something no one had thought of. His last has been partly a revelation, partly a miserable attempt at self-defence, which reads poorly enough now, and will read worse in history. We take the statement in the Moniteur as we find it ; and what does it disclose as to the terms really made at Villfranca ? that with the exception of re- signing the conquered territory of Lombardy, Aus tria was to keep substantial power over Italy. The Emperor of AUSTRIA was to be, if the parallel with Luxembourg be correct, Grand Duke of Venetia, with two Viceroys in Modena and Tuscany, and perhaps something like deputies in Parma and the Romagna. The Moniteur pretends that in this way Austria would have been no longer " the dreaded power hostile to all national aspirations, no longer a German power on that side the Alps, but a friendly power to develope her Italian nationality to the shores of the Adriatic !" Austria develope HER Italian nationality ! Yes, much as she has developed her Hungarian, her Polish, her Croatian nationality. The inhabitants of Central Italy were, happily, too wide awake to believe in the developement of their nationality under rulers who ran away and fought against the Victor of Solferino himself, to the last moment that he was believed to be engaged in the liberation of Italy. They knew one power and its lieutenants who had been engaged, ever since 1815 in endea vouring ',to crush Italian independence, under whose brutal sway the blood of her noblest patriots had stained her soil, and the lives of her SILVIO PELLICOS been wasted away in felons' dungeons, and the bared bodies of even her females held beneath the brutal stick ; they knew this power, and they could put no faith in her. Their only safety lay in being ab solutely free, as far as they could under the condi tions. If the whole body could not be liberated it was so much gain to knock the fetters off every limb possible, waiting for the time when the freed members might be able to liberate the rest. Austria develope her Italian nationality ! Yes, indeed—an Au stro-Italian nationality would of course have been a despot nationality; a federation of petty monarchs against their subjects with one great tyrant as the strength of the federation—another Holy Alliance of the selfish dynastic tyranny against Italian liberty and progress. One of three suppositions. Either Louis NA POLEON never intended to give real independence to Italy, and his proclamation was hypocrisy; or he did not understand the essentials of Italian inde pendence; or he understood them and failed in the attempt. The first supposition would brand him with the most odious of reputations ; and we may well suppose that he did not wish for it in the shape so often rumoured, and which after all his shuffling will be readily believed, of creating a kingdom of Central Italy for a NAPOLEON. An Italy indepen dent of Austria, but dependent on a BONAPARTE enthroned in the Tuileries was, after all, a notion thoroughly Napoleonic. As to the second supposi tion, the truth doubtless is that he understood too well what Independence means in Italy and everywhere else ; and to this must be attributed the perplexity he finds himself in, now that Central Italy only asks what he himself promised, and adroitly, at the same time, thanks him for his pro mises and his battles. But the third supposition is, no doubt, also partly true. He failed. He was beaten by what he ought to have taken into ac count before. He knew the temper of Germany ; though Germany would have never interfered for the Italian quadrangle. He knew the strength 6 of the fortresses which cost his uncle no little effort, but which he mastered. He knew the resources of Austria in men and money—either, therefore, he failed in his calculations, or he has failed to tell us all the reasons for his hasty peace. The latter is surely very probable. He had not reckoned on the difficulty about the, old Pope, for whose well government he is morally responsible, nor on that of the priests all over France, who would have set against he w him that peasantry so asantr3o grea N t whose his election, oseilliterariee arid superstition and who would turn round at a word from the men who hold their everlasting welfare in pledge. This, as Mr. MATTHEW ARNOLD shows, was far more ter rific to him than all the nonsense about Germany in arms on the Rhine. It was the Popish clergy, the arms of whose superstitions had been once wielded in his favour, and who he now feared would turn them against him, which he really feared. The artillery of Popery THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 13, 1859, at Rome, and of Verona in front, and the want of any generous conception of Italian inde pendence or any other—these were the reasons which disposed him at Villafranca to sell Italy to Austria under the name of a confederation. . Worst of all is the threat held out to the Duchies respecting poor Venetia. If the Duchies will but submit to dishonour again Venetia shall live—live after a fashion, say Austria and FRANCIS JOSEPH. So the story goes that Judge JEFFERIES once said to a beautiful daughter pleading for her innocent father's life,—" Surrender your honour to me and your father shall live." The surrender was made by weeping filial love, and next morning the brute pointed to the father hanging before the window. A like fate awaited the Duchies had they lis tened to the voice of the seducers at Villafranca. They would have gained nothing but their own humiliation. Venetia would have been as en slaved as ever, and they with her. This is the answer of the Duchies to the Moniteur when it cants about " men bent on small partial successes rather than on the welfare of their common country." It is most for the welfare of their common country that any part of which can do so, should, when it can, unite itself to a free constitutional State. To us the whole article in the Moniteur reads like the defence of a disappointed boaster and trickster. Monarchs would do well not to turn advocates in their own cause. The Duchess of Montrose and Lady Agnes Graham have arrived in Belgrave-square from a conti nental tour. The Duke of Montrose reached town last night from Buchanan Castle, N.B. Viscount and Viscountess Villiers have arrived at Brighton from Upton Hall, Warwickshire. Lord and Lady Edward Thynne have arrived at Maiden Bradley, Somersetshire, on a visit to Lord Henry and Lady Ulrica Thynne. His Royal Highness the Count de Flandre arrived yesterday at Grillion's Clarendon Hotel, en route for Balmoral. __ Her Highness the Princess Helene Kotschoubey, with her son and daughters, has left Grillion's Clarendon Hotel for Paris. . . The Duke of Hamilton has been staying al LATEST NEWS. J -T---~ The following telegrams have been received at Mr. Reuter's office : The National Assembly, in its sitting of to-day, voted unanimously and by ballot the annexation of the province of Parma to the Kingdom of Sar dinia, under the sceptre of the glorious dynasty of Savoy. A solemn silence reigned in the Hall of the As sembly during the voting, but at the proclamation of the result of the ballot enthusiastic cheers and lout rivals to Victor Emmanuel burst forth from all parts. Brodick Castle, Isle of Arran, since his grace's return from the Continent. The duchess, with the youthful Marquis of Douglas and family, is at Baden-Baden, and is not ex pected to leave for this country till the spring of next year. The Marquis of Abrrcorn arrived at Brochett Hall, Herts, on Thursday, from Baron's Court, the family seat, in the county Tyrone. Viscount Gage, Lord Delamere, and a select party are staying with Mr. William and the Hon. Mrs. Tomline, at their residence in the north of Scotland. Amongst the distinguished visitors who arrived at the Royal Hotel, Aberdeen, on Friday night, were Lord and Lady Lovat, Lord and Lady Saltoun, Lord and Lady Taunton, Lady Clifton, Sir Benjamin Brodie, Lord Hast ings, and Lady Edith Hastings. The Lord Chief Justice Cockburn and party have left the Royal Hotel for the South. The Assembly has chosen five deputies to convey die wishes of the population to the King of Sardinia. All proposals made in yesterday's sitting have been adopted unanimously, and the following mo tions have been taken into consideration :- 1. The confirmation of Signor Farini as Dictator. 2. The promulgation of the statutes of Sardinia. 3. The formation of a fund for the assistance of the Venetian volunteers. VIENNA, TUESDAY. The - Wiener Zietung of to-day, in its nonofficial portion, publishes an article expressing satisfaction with the article of the llioniteur, which contains advice for the4nhabitants of Central Italy. It further states, in considering the state of affairs in Italy from this point of view, the Moni teur increases the hopes for peace, and banishes the fears which had been entertained till now. PARIS, SEPT. 12. The Pays of this evening states that Cout Reise has arrived in Paris. The same journal asserts that Count \Valewski will leave on the 17th inst. for Biarritz, and also that an interview between the Emperor Napoleon. and King Leopold will take place on the 14th inst. BERNE, SEPT. 12. The Grand Duke of Baden is expected to arrive here at 4 o'clock to-day from Meinau. Apartments have been engaged for his reception at the Hotel Messrs. Gonin and Co., shipbuildrrs, at Nantes, have received orders from the Government to build nine iron despatch boats of small tonnage, intended for local service in the colonies. The steam-engines for these boats are to be constructed at the ironworks of Indret. The Zaria, a Russian pleasure yacht belonging to Count Strogonoff, with the owner and Prince Torbitshay on board, arrived at Havre two days back. The Prince Regent of Prussia has left Ostend for Baden-Baden. Letters from Trebisond state that the town of Chirvan, in the government of Tiflis, had been buried beneath a mountain thrown on it by a recent shock of earthquake. The Salsette has arrived at Melbourne with the outward May mail. DEATH OF MAJOR-GENERAL SIR WILLIAM EYRE, K.C.B.—We have to record the death of Major- General Sir William Eyre, K.C.8., late in command of the forces in Canada, who died on Thursday last, at Bilton hall, Warwickshire, at the age of 53. The gallant General had been in bad health for months past, and was in conse quence of illness compelled to resign his command in North America, in which he was succeeded last June by Major General Sir William Fenwick Williams, of Kars. The deceased entered the army in 1823, and after serving in the 73d Regiment in Canaria, of which regiment he was Major, he proceeded with that gallant corps to the Cape of Good Hope, and while there greatly distinguished himself in both. the Caffre wars as Lieutenant-Colonel. In acknowledg ment of his eminent services in the last and previous war, he was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath, pro moted to be Colonel in the army, and appointed an Aide-de- Camp to the Queen. On the military force being sent out to the East the deceased was appointed to a brigade of the Third Division of the army, which he ultimately com manded, with the local and temporary rank of Lieutenant- General. He was present at the battle of the Alma, the battle of Inkermann ; commanded the troops in the trenches during the battle of Inkermann, and remained in the Cri mea until after the fall of Sebastopol, for which he received a medal and clasps. In 1855 he was created a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath, was made a Com mander ot the Legion of Honour, a Knight of the Imperial Order of the Medjidie of the 2d class, and was among the general officers of the army who received the Sardinian War medal. After his return home in June, 1856, he was selected by the Commander-in-Chief to command the troops in Canada. His commissions bore date as follows :—En sign, 17th April, 1823 ; Lieutenant, sth Nov., 1825 ; Cap tali:, 20th May, 1827 ; Major, 19th July, 1839; Lieu:enant- Colonel, 12th November, 1844 ; Colonel, 28th May, 1853 ; and Major-General, Dec. 12, 1854. The late General was one of the field officers in the receipt of rewards for distin guished or meritorious services. Sir William was second son of the late Vice-Adrairal George Eyre, K.C.8., by the third daughter of Sir George Cooke, Bart., of Wheatley. He married in 1841 Miss Bridgeman Simpson, third daughter of the late Hon. John Bridgeman Simpson. RESCUE OF A SHIP'S CREW.—WICK, Sept. B. The crew of the Huntress schooner, which had shipped cargo of herrings in this harbour, were rescued by the new life-boat on Tuesday last. The vessel was out in the bay on Monday, when it began to blow strongly from the north. east. She was warned to proceed to sea ; her crew did not consider it necessary to do so, but chose to ride out all night. On Tuesday morning, the gale continuing, they hoisted a signal of distress, when the life-boat stationed at the Salmon Rock was immediately prepared and put to sea, fully manned, there being 15 of the crew, with Captain Tudor, R.N. at the helm. The crew of the schooner, to the number of seven, with the master, were taken off, and the boat safely returned to shore. In doing so some heavy seas struck the life-boat in rapid succession, placing her for a short time in great peril. She, however, behaved ad mirably, the self-acting valves relieving her of the heavy seas that broke into her ; and she ultimately succeeded in entering the harbour amidst the cheering of hundreds of spectators who had congregated on the quays. The weather having moderated, and the crew having been again put on board, the vessel proceeded on her voyage. This valuable life-boat is on the plan of those adopted by the Royal Na tional Life-boat Institution, and was provided, thoroughly equipped, for 'Wick, by the ritish Fishery Society. THE CORPORATION AND ITS GIFTS OF GRACE.— During the space of 118 years—that is, from 1740 t 0.1858 —the corporation has awarded honorary grants of the free dom of the City of London to 110 personages of eminence in the military and naval services, in statesmanship, law, and commerce, and others distinguished as patriots and benefactors of their species. The list lately published com menced with Vice-Admiral Vernon, who distinguished him self by the taking of Porto Bello, and ended with Sir John Lawrence, the renowned Commissioner of the Punjaub, leaving Lord Clyde, Sir J. Outran', and the Earl of Elgin out of the category. Of the total number of 110, there were 14 persons of royal blood ; 23 generals (inclusive of brigadier majors, and lieutenant-generals) ; 6 captains ; 27 admirals (inclusive of rear and vice -admirals) ; 16 statesmen and politicians ; 6 lawyers ; and 14 benefactors of their race by scientific discovery, or the advancement of great reforms ; 2 reverends, and 3 foreigners. The list illustrates every important era in our civilisation, during the period it em braces, including the American and French wars, the Queen's trial, slave emancipation, Parliamentary reform, the Indian rebellion, and various extensions of the fields of commerce and civilisation. However truly historical the grants to naval and military heroes may be, those to the 'class we have designated as benefactors, possess, perhaps, the greatest individual interest. Thus, in the category of fourteen names, we have David Hartley, for inventions to secure buildings from fire ; Mr. Adams, MO, for vending at his own risk, potatoes at reduced prices ; Dr. Jenner ; Captain Ross ; Thomas Clark son, for public services in connexion with the abolition of African slavery; Rajah Brooke, Mr. A. H. Layard, Dr. Livingstone, and Sir H. John Lawrence. The number of grants represents more names than have been really added to the lists of freemen, for in many cases, awards have been made by Common Council at the moment when a distinguished veteran has already received his death wound, and there are no fewer than seven cases in which the personage intended to be honoured died pre vious to the day on which the freedom was to be bestowed. A few have declined the gift, as. for instance, Sir Fletcher Noah, Knt., Speaker in 1777, H.RH. the Prince Regent, 1811, and Andrew Stevenson, Esq., American Minister, 1838. Among the deaths previous to presentation occur the names of Lord Collingwood, Sir It. 11. Sale, Major. General Sir W. Nott, and Sir Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy, to whom the freedom was voted in 1855, as a testimony of respect for his renowned character as a bene factor of his country and mankind. The freedom is usually presented in a ;gold box of the value o` . 100, 150, or 200 guineas ; but there are in the list of 100 presentati , ns eleven exceptions, in which "heart of oak" has been sub stituted. Admiral Koppel, 11.R.11. the Prince Regent, the Duke of Kent, Marquis Camden, Henry Brougham, M.P., Stephen Lushington, M.P., Thomas Atwood, Captain Rous. and Sir Charles Napier are among the number thus singled out for a presentation emblematic of national as well as civic honour. —City FATAL BOILER EXPLOSION.—A few days ago one of the boilers belonging to the pumping engine at Le vavant mine exploded. Mr. Edwards, the engineer, wes about to leave the boilerhouse when the explosion took place. He was so frightfully burnt that he died on the following day, leaving a wife and six children to mourn his loss.— Cornish paper. PARTRIDGE SHOOTING . --A. "LONG SHOT."—At Balerno, on the Ist of September, Mr. Scott, of Malleny's, gamekeeper, acco mpanied by his nephew, went out to shoot, and with the first shot, using only one barrel, killed 13 out of a covey of 14 partridges. This surprising result was sufficient to render a second shot unnecessary for that day at least.--Edinburgh Courant RAILWAYS. particular, would protest very energetically against a state of things which would tend to give Frdnee direct influence in Italy; and we doubt that Russia, on her part, would be favourable to the installation of a Napolconian dynasty at Florence—the procla mation of the Murats at Naples would in that case PARMA, SEPT. 12. become too easy. " There is a manifest inconsistency between the sort of anti-papal pressure which is being applied in Rome, and a desertion of the cause of the Italian people. The accounts of what has passed between the Pope and M. Grammont are, we know, con firmed by the Roman correspondent of the Univers ; yet we have this afternoon the following in the Gazette de France :—" We regard as a pure calumny this version of the story circulated by several Roman correspondents, which admits that, false to its promise, the French Government is exerting pressure upon the Pope, in order to make him give up Romagna to the revolution and Piedmont." One inevitable consequence of the discussion 'orced upon the public attention by the present course of events will be much enlightenment as to that strange confusion of the monarch with the bishop, the policeman with the priest, which form the base of that cumbrous edifice called the Papal system. All wise men who, either from the force of habit or from conviction, subscribe to Roman Catholic dog- mas and practise Roman Catholic forms, will re joice, as the foolish and bigotted will grieve, at the dispersion of the darkness under cover of which so much error has been perpetuated. The French are accused of irreligion and scepti cism. The fact is they are too inquiring to be cre dulous, too logical to be bigotted, and too morally independent for priestly domination. The Catholic system, for many reasons, suits the national tempera ment ; so the mass of the nation is outwardly Catho lic ; bat it will never be possible to keep such a peo ple within the trammels or leading strings which it is the policy of Romq to impose upon her chil dren ; and each attempt to do so, whether by cle rical intervention or by the ordinary organ of ultramontanism, does but provoke such further examination and inquiry as cannot fail to throw more and more discredit on the cause of the Papal system as at present comprehended. M. Adolphe Gueroult thus shows, in the Opinion Nationale, how of late years the claims of Rome to infallibility have been pushed to an unprecedented extent by that ultra-retrogade party of which Louis Veuillot is the Corypheus : In France infallibility has never been attributed by reasonable Catholics but to the head of the Church pronouncing supremely in matters of faith in conformity with tradition and in harmony with the council. The Church, according to this notion, which is that of Bossuet, formed amonarchy, but r sort of representative monarchy, tempered by the intervention of councils. In proportion as faith has become weakened, the Ultramontanes have thought it good policy to try and regain in theory what they had lost in practice. They have, therefore, represented the Church as an absolute monarchy, the Pope as pronouncing alone and uncontrolled, and in seeking to fortify him they have isolated him. But as the spirit of sect and party never abandons an idea without having pushed it to ab surdity, it is now not sufficient to represent the Pope as a spiritual sovereign personally infallible in all matters of faith. By degrees the infallibility of the Pontiff has been communicated to the sovereign, from the sovereign to the ministers, from the mi nisters to their subaltern agents ; and to such an extent has this been carried, that in the eyes of a host of good souls in the Papal States, the humblest sacristan is supposed marvellously to reflect some of their infallibility. The same prestige naturally extending from persons to their actions, all blame becomes an act of impiety, all criticism a sacrilege ; abuses becomes sacred, the most monstrous customs become articles of faith. While in the rest of the world everything changes, is modified, and re newed, the greater part of the institutions of Rome represent nothing but a sort of crystallisa tion of the middle ages—something more foreign to our habits than China itself. The latest Imperial article in the Moniteur was sent direct from the private cabinet of the Empe ror, and was in the handwriting of M. Mocquard, private secretary to the Emperor, who had been summoned to St. Sauveur ad hoc. An article appears in the ,ciecle under the head ing of " The English Alliance," which, but for its appearance in a journal habitually just and friendly in its tone towards us, and for its being signed by a writer of some pretension to candour and intelligence, would be altogether unworthy of notice on this side of the water. Indeed, we only note it as a melancholy evidence of the miserable jealousy of England still rankling in the breasts of a certain class of Frenchmen. The writer of this article, M. Louis Jourdan (one of those St. Simonian socialists who make the best converts to the Empire) professes hiT leaning to the English alliance, but insists that France can remain on good terms with England only on condition of England abating and abandoning the predominance which she has displayed ever since 1815, and to which she has no longer any claim. In short, M. Louis Jourdan paraphrases with a little more pomposity the letter of " H.," in the Independance Beige, which was lately disavowed by the Constitutionnel. He concludes by threatening England with oce of those affronts which every nation in Europe (except England) has suffered in its turn, in case she will not humble herself before the moral predominance which the abolition of free institu tions has bestowed upon France. We know not whether M. Jourdan addresses his warnings to our Commission of national defences, but we can assure him that he is perfectly welcome to the sort of pre dominance which the Empire confers upon its subjects in the opinion of Europe. We can only regret that a journal calling itself liberal can at this day descend to the wretched task of raking up the animosities of the past, and pandering to prejudices which ought to be extinct. After all M. Louis Jourdan is only echoing, not very successfully, the Union, the Universe, and the Gazette de France ; and does he imagine that England is to be terrified by big words? BOURSE, Sept. 12.—The market has been de pressed owing to a fall of ,1 - on the Consols, caused by unfavourable accounts from China. Threes, after having been done at 68f. 55c., declined to 68f. 30c., but are now at 66 f. 50c. Mobilier varied from 805 f. to 787 f. 50c. ; Austrian, 540 f. to 532 f. 50c. ; Lombard, 552 f. 50c. to 550 f. ; Orleans, 1,365 f to 1,360 f. The following were the las* quotations :- 14 per Cents. .. • . 94 25' Do. end montk 3 per Cent 5....... 68 3.5 Do. end month.... 68 35 Bank Shares...... 2780 Credit Mobilier .• 780 Do. Account ..... 780 Cr6dit Fonder 670 Belgian 4f — Piedmonteso (5) 85 Roman B6 75 Austrian Spanish Threes IHome Debt 44A Cash. Account. Oe.eans !slot-them . .................... 917 50 .. 917 50 N'ew ditto. .................... SOS 805 Lyons and Mediterrane an 865 .. 867 50 50 G, a nev 500 -- 501 25 Southern Western ...................... 575 Eastern ......................655 .. 652 50 Sardinian kustrian Lombard ........... . — Exchange on London, at sight, paper, 25f. 121 e. ; money, 25f 10e.; three months, paper, 24f. 971 e.; money, 24f. 95c. THE lONIAN ISLANDS CORFU, SEPT. 6, The peace of Villafranea is not without its influ ence on the course of events throughout all lands where the Greek tongue is spoken. The sudden abandonment of the grand programme announced in the French Emperor's address to the people of Italy, promising the establishment of a free Italy from the Mediterranean to the Adriatic, has fallen dismally on the car of the sanguhe national Greek party who already heralded in Louis Napoleon the champion of all nationalities, and flattered thep selves that after having freed the Italians from their Au,trian dcminators he would, in pursuit of the noble rause so generously espoused, also hasten to second Hellenic aspirations by Gallic legions. The first news of the war in Italy caused, as may be re•nembered, a very great sensation throughout Greece, and at Athens demonstrations were made in favour of France, and such an excitement created as to cause a modification in the Cabinet. At each successive victory gained by the French and Sardi nians the people gave way to manifestations of the most frantic joy, their sympathies being strongly enlisted on the side of the Allies, on whose banners they saw inscribed the magic words, " oppressed nationalities," and the Government had the greatest du Lac. No additional news has been received from Zurich concerning the Conferences. MARSEILLES, SEPT. 12. Advices received from Algeria state that a troop of Morocco cavalry had attacked two French out posts on the frontiers, and had met with a repulse. TOULOUSE, SEPT. 12. The King of the Belgians arrived here to-day at 2.45 p.m. To-morrow his Majesty proceeds to Bordeaux, and is expectedlto reach Biarritz on the following day (Wednesday). PARIS, SEPT. 13. The Moniteur of this morning publishes the fo' lowing message : " TARBES, Monday, Sept. 12, " Their Majesties have left for Biarritz. They were received with enthusiastic acclamations by the populace everywhere along their passage." FRANCE. PARIS, MONDAY, A letter from St. Sauveur says :—" Colonel the Marquis de Toulongeon, aide-de-camp to the Em peror, has written to the mayor of Pau to state that as his Majesty will be obliged to remain to the 12th at St. Sauveur to complete the season he will not have a day to spare, E.nd their Majesties, con sequently, are obliged to give- up all idea of passing through that place: It has been stated that t e Emperor and Empress made an excursion to Cau terets. The first person their Majesties received there was an old woman of 71, who had been bath ing-woman to Queen Hortense on her Majesty's visit to Caute:•ets: The Emperor gave her a most kind reception, and after presenting her to the Em press, interrogated her about her age and position, and also as to what she remembered of his august mother. She was dismissed with a handsome present. As their Majesties w.ere about to enter their car riage to leave, the mayor offered the Emperor a small medal, and gave this history of it. It was given by Queen Hortense to the man who had acted as her guide, and he preserved it as a precious relic to the time of his decease at an advanced age, 12 years ago. On his death-bed he called his son and said, Take this medal, and present it to the son of Queen Hortense when he comes to Cauterets !' The Em peror and Empress appeared much moved at this statement, and the former acceptild the medal. In the course of their stay their Majesties visited the Lake de Gaube. His Majesty having there per ceived a boat, examined it to ascertain that it and the oars were sound. He then requested the Em press to enter, and her Majesty after some hesitation did so. The Emperor afterwards for some time rowr d the Empress about, and di s pl aye d a s kill i n rowing which surprised the persons who witnessed the scene." The lndependance of Brussels has the following : —" A letter which we have received from Paris speaks of a project for establishing a kingdom of Etruria, with Prince Napoleon at the head of it. The writer pretends that Austria and France have come to an understanding to regulate the affairs of Central Italy by a direct and personal under standing between the two Emperors. The combi nation proposed, which in the eyes of its pro moters takes equally into account both monarchi cal and popular rights, is to this effect :—The Archdukes are to cede to the head of the house of Hapsburg, as chief of their family, the rights which they respectively possess to Tuscany and Modena, and the Emperor Francis-Joseph, in his turn, is to cede the same to Prince Napoleon. The Prince is then to add to these possessions Parma and the Legations, and the whole are to form a kingdom of Etruria of which he is to be King. Nevertheless, as regards the Legations, the Prince is onlv to govern them as vassal of the Church, and is to pay homage and tribute to the Pope. On his part, the Emperor of the French is to use his influence with Victor Emmanuel to induce him to persuade the populations of Central Italy to give their suffrages to Louis Napoleon. It is said that it was in order to submit this plan to the Emperor Napoleon that Prince Richard de Metternich went to St. Savueur. The persons who put these rumours in circulation add that the Archdukes have given their consent to the plan. The Duke of Modena, they say, will not even ask for a compensation, as he has no children, and as on his death his States revert to the Crown of Austria. Of the Duke of Parma nothing is said ; but as to the son of Leopold H. of Tuscany, Fen: i nand IV, it is said that an equivalent has been promised him in the remodelling of the East, which would be the object of the new Austro-French al liance. It is even said that the compensation made to this Prince may be the throne of the Danubian Principaltlics• These Principalities desire to be go verned by a foreign Prince, and would try to in duce Colonel Couza to retire, provided Europe con sents to place them under the sceptre of a foreign and Christian Prince." The Lidependance remarks as follows on the preceding rather startling statements As in these agitated times no indication which nay lead to the discovery of truth must be ne glected. we have not thought right to withhold the above details. They may have no serious founda tion—may be the inventions of newsmongers who know not what else to say ; but they may also be of diplomatic origin, and in that case it would not be judicious to reject them as pure inventions. In Italy the plan proposed would not encounter any great difficulties ; but the same would not be the case amongst the great powers of Europe. England, in difficulty in conforming to the counsels of the Great Powers and keeping down these ebullitions. The bubble has, however, now burst ; the conditions of the peace which has been signed having opened the eyes of the Nationalist party as to how far the vague promises of France can be relied on, and to wild clamours has succeeded calm disappointment. The Peace of Villafranca exercises an influence throughout even these small islands, and will, it may be presumed, somewhat check the zealous votaries for union with Greece, and, perhaps, cool the ardour of the most loquacious member of the lonian Parliament, whenever that august assembly next meets. Sir Henry Storks has just issued the following proclamation proroguing the lonian Par liament : " In virtue of the 19th Article of the Ist Chapter of the Constitutional Charter, the Lord High Commissioner is pleased further to prorogue the present session of the 11th Parliament from the 10th day of Septembej to the 10th day of December, 1859, N.S." As long as this wholesome prerogative of the Crown is resorted to the Seven Islands will con tinue to enjoy general tranquillity, and her Ma jesty's Government be rid of the nuisance of seeing itself exposed to the noisy and clamorous vitupera tions of the stipended deputies of the lonian House of Assembly. RUSSIA. The Emperor Alexander has given his assent to the establishment of a line of telegraph from Moscow to the river Amoor at the expense of the Govern ment, and has granted a provisional concession for the construction of a line of railway from Kiew to Odessa, with a branch from Kiew to Kurk. The trunk line will be of great utility to the wheat producing south-eastern districts. SPAIN. The Madrid journals of the Bth say that six bat talions had been disembarked at Ceuta, and that on the 29th ult. the gairison, seconded by a steamer and a gunboat, had commenced an attack on the Moors. In the event of a grand expedition to Morocco taking place, the Infante Don Sebastien, who recently recognised the Queen, will be, accord ing to the Espana, " charged to besiege Mogador at the head of a corps d'armee, while another corps will attack Ceuta. " The Prince," adds the .Espana, " will have a guard of honour, composed of Knights of the Order of San Juan, will be accompanied by a bishop, and will have the flag of Don Juan of Austria and the Cross of Cisneros confided to him." Troops were continuing to arrive at Algesiras, for the projected expedition, and great activity was being displayed in constructing tents and in pro viding other material. Some of the journals pub lish articles " on the necessity or taking Gibraltar from the English, no matter by what means." AMERICA. (BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.) LIVERPOOL, TUESDAY MORNING. The Hungarian has arrived, with dates from Quebec to the 3d inst., and from New York, by telegram via Father Point, to the same date. The Jason, from Galway, arrived at St. John's, N.F., on the 30th ult., and the Indian, hence, at Quebec, on the 2d inst. MONTREAL, SEPT. 3. The political news is unimportant. There are rumours afloat that Sir E. Head intends resigning the Governor-Generalship of the provinces. The traffic returns of the Grand Trunk Railway for the week ending Aug. 26 exhibit an increase of 4,653 dols. (BY TELEGRAPH VIA FATHER POINT.) NEW YORK, SEPT. 3. The Bremen has sailed for Southampton—she has no specie on board. Cotton heavy. Flour dull and heavy, and sc. to 15c. lower ; wheat ditto, and lc. to 2c. lower; corn scarce and buoyant ; mess pork firmer ; prime heavy ; spirits of turpentine firmer, but closed heavily at 44 dols. 2c. to 46 dols. ; ashes active—pots, 5 dols. 50c. ; pearls, 5 dols. 25c. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. Arrived at Quebec—Alexander Hall, from Glas gow ; Emigrant, from Sunderland ; Milton, Lock hart, and Messenger, from Liverpool. Off—Pride of Canada. THE WAR IN CHINA. We must not, therefore, attempt again to deal diplomatically with the Chinese till we have made this incorrigible and faithless race pay the penalty of their treachery and faithlessness. Such an ex ample is pre-eminently necessary now in order to teach these men that treaties must be maintained, and to the letter fulfilled, no matter what the con sequences. To seek to violate a treaty by war is bad enough—to seek to violate it by snares and stratagems is a height of iniquity happily now only exhibited by unchristian and barbarous tribes. All the Powers of Christian Europe are concerned in seeing that these barbarities of the Chinese towards England and France be speedily avenged. With the exception of the Quaker race at home— " Steady patriots of the world alone, The friends of every country but their own" — there is not a man in France, in Germany, in Italy, or in America with a sound heart in his bosom who does not wish to see these perfidious barbarians fittingly chastised for their abominable perfidy. It is no answer to say that the Emperor of China is not his own master, that his will is overborne by an official class, corrupt and putrid to the core—it is no excuse to urge that this official class is some times also acted on by the lowest and vilest rabble. Such excuses might avail if we had no commercial relations with these barbarians. But when the immense magnitude of our commercial relations with China are considered, all palliations of these enormities are unavailing. The necessities of England, of Europe, and of civilisation, compel us to trade with China for tea and silk ; and it behoves us, in pursuing a commerce profitable to China and necessary to the comfort of European millions, to curb the vanity, hatred, and exclusiveness, as well as to chastise the perfidy, of these Asiatics. Our imports of tea increased in a few months, in 1855, from 44,000,0001b5. to 81,000,0001b5. In the same period our imports of silk increased from 737,0001b5. to 4,992,0001b5. pro ducing a revenue of £6,000,000. Our exports from this country and India to China have also largely increased ; and it behoves us, in the interests of our commerce and of the civilisation of Europe, to exact an immediate and ample reparation for deeds equally perfidious and barbarous. It is fortunate that the noble lord who was in office in 1857 is again in power, and that he has also availed himself in the Cabinet of the services of Lord Elgin, who is thoroughly aware of, for he was a party to, all the negotiations.—Morning Post. RAILWAY INT LLIGENCE. INVERNESS AND ROSS-SHIRE. The prospectus of this scheme is before the public, capital £123,000, in shares of £lO each. For the present the extension is limited to the town of Dingwall, but we have no doubt that at no distant day railway communication will be carried as far north as Tain. The length of the proposed line to Dingwall will be about 181 miles, and it will traverse, as stated in the prospectus, districts ad joining the Bauly and Cromarty Firths, pass through the site of the Muir of*Ord Markets, close to Strathpeffer Spa, will communicate with the extensive back country of Strashglass and Strath conan, and will come into immediate contact with the highways leading on the one hand to Easter Ross, Sutherland, and Caithness, and on the other to Skye and the north-west of Scotland. It will join the Inverness and Nairn Railway-at Inverness, and by means of this line all the districts will be con nected with the railway system of the kingdom, with the Caledonian Canal; and with the harbour . of Inverness. The Master of Lovat is chairman of the proposed c om p an y, a nd the provisional com mittee includes the names of all the land ed proprie tors along the line, with that of the county mem ber, Sir J. Matheson, Bart., and those of the mem bet s for the Inverness and Wick burghs. In Ross shire activ e m e asures for carrying on this important undertaking have already commenced. THE BOMBAY AND AUSTRALIAN MAILS. —The Indus left Southampton yesterday with the Bombay and Australian mails. She took 104 passengers, and specie to the amount of £1C3,193. Among her passengers NVW , e, Sir Pt &ithampton G. Bowen, Hon. E. Stafford, Captain. Moulougavii, and Lieutenants Rimington and Ritchie. Th -i-if; kluyal Mail as built. Messrs. yes terday Com pan f y ro ' Company's new' the steamer Thames,Seine arrived ililre sh e w , Day and Co., of S o uy hdm p ton, are building her engines; the bolls rg an 4 paddle-wheels are to b e manil l a Owed inthe k Royal Mail Company E . 4 factory in the doc s. All her machinery is to be axed 44 tI4Q ,s. o4 ti Aapiptoll Docks FES. GLOCESTE. GLOCESTER, SEPT. 14. The 136th meeting of the three choi rs of Gloces ter, Worcester, and Hereford, the origin and his tory of which have repeatedly been detailed, begins to-morrow under auspices more than usually propi: tious. The fine weather i s bringing numbers ot visitor s to the city,and the sale of tickets has already been so large as to place success almost beyond a doubt. For th e morning performa nce on Friday the reserved seats in the Cathedral (nearly 1.000 places) are nearly all disposed of—the Messiah being, according to precedent, the oratorio on that day; A brief summary of its principal featu whole res suffice. There is little novelty, but on the h both the selection of pieces , sacred and secular, is well made and attractive. At the full esides Cat ral hed service which inaugurates th e festival, preces and responses of Tallis , the Dettingen Te Deurn" of Handel and Mendels sohn's magnificent se tti n g of the 42d Psalm are includ ed. The sermon will be preached by the Re v . Richard Harvey, c anon of Glocester. The other or atorio is " on Wednesday; Beethoven's " Mount of Olives,' Rossini's " Stabat Mater , " and Spohr's " Las t O n the Judgment" being combined on Thursday. Th u rsday e venings of Tuesday, Wednesday , and place miscellaneous concerts are announ ced to take in the Shire-hall. At each of t hese entertainments the first part is to be devoted to the music of one composer—on Tuesday a select ion from Mozart's Don Giovanni," on Wednesday Professor Stern dale Bennett's " May Queen," and On Thurs da y a selection from the operatic works of Rossini. The remainder of the time will be devoted to the ordi nary " leather and prunella." The list of solo singers is ample and powerful, liqadame Clara Novello, Mrs. Clare Hepworth, Misses Dolby and Lascelles, Messrs. Montem Smith, Sims Reeves, and Thomas being largely called upon for the oratorios ; while the evening programmes derive great additional interest from the promised co-operation of Mr. E. T. Smith's Italian Opera company—uniting the talents of Mademoiselle Tiet jens, Signors Giuglini, Vialetti, and B adiali-- Signor Belletti taking part in both sacred and secular performances. The absence of Mr. eiss, one of the greatest favourites at the meetings of the choirs (and deservadly so), has created consi derable disappointment in many quarters, and the more so inasmuch as it is staled he was engaged a t the outset. No explanation has been offered. At Glocester, as at Bradford, the evening concerts will be agreeaoly interspersed with instrumental solos by M. Sainton and Mr. Blagrove on the violin, and by Miss Summerhayes, a performer of growing r putation in the provinces, on the pianoforte. Th i S young lady is set down for the " Choral Fan tasia 'of Beethoven. An excellent band of seventy executants, picked from the ranks of o ur best Lon " Lon don players, and headed by Messrs. Sainton, 131,a grove, and. Willy, as principal fiddles , w ill supPer`' a choral phalanx of 60 trebles, 48 alt os, 56 tenors, and 60 basses (224 in all), levied from the ordinott,l sources, the whole under the direction o f Mr. Am organist of the Cathedral. Mr. Amott, as usual! will be assisted by his brother organists of Hereford and and Worcester—Messrs. Townshend Smith Done—the former taking the organ i n the morn ings, the latter the piano in the evening s. A large and energetic company of stewards, h the interim between this and the last festival, have been exerting themselves to forward the prosperity of the meeting, and there is every reason to believ.ef the rich and noble families residing or they will none of them be out of pocket ; if the estates in the three counties come forward "w their accustomed liberality when the plateholdera: make their eloquent (not always mute) a PP eal tie the termination of the oratorios, there ca n be lit doubt that the fund for the benefit of widows and orphans of clergymen in the dioceses (whic h de i rives its whole support from the collections an, donations) will be enriched by a handsom e centrL bution. The stewards' secretary, Mr. Jas. lien ". Brown, has been as indefatigable as formerly fo 'h r marshalling things in order and provid in g every one's accommodation. Among other imprcire ments, he has widened the spaces between the re served seats in the Cathedral, which will 1 10 , v1 admit of the performances being listened to W 47, out the drawback of personal discomfort—for whi'.,;c'' concession, however, he has imposed the small aa', - tional tax of ls. 6d. on each seat, the reserved gene' ° previously at 12s. 6d., being now let at 14s. -1-'4 complaints have been made at this innovation ; was it at all probable, only the wealthier doss" being mulcted in the extra fine, which is exclu sively attached to the secured places. The railway companies have afforded every facility to visitors ; and never perhaps did the prospects of a Glocester is Festival look brighter. Th e fact is consoling, inas much as there are now no f ewer than 32 applican to the fund for relief-18 orphans and 14 widows. All the artists, singers and players, have arrived. To-day there was a rehearsal of sacred music in the Cathedral; to-night the secular music, or at least S great part of it, will be gone through in the Shire' hall. Devoutly disposed persons are pleased to know that the festival beco mes no hindrance to the ordinary church service in t he Cathedral. At S o'clock a.m. on Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday , morning service, and at 5 o'clock p.m. evening ser vice, will be held. This judicious step, now of some standing, has helped to silence much Purita nical clamour. BRITISH ARCHEOLOGICAL ASSOa TION. N EWBURY, MONDAY EVENING. Yesterday afternoon this association opened its 16th annual meeting in the town of Newbury, Berkshire. At two o'clock the officers and com mittee met at the Mansion-office, where the arrange ments for the week were determined on. At three o'clock there was a general meeting in the Man sion-house, which was elegantly fitted up for the occasion, the walls being decorated with valuable paintings, while the platform contained several splendid pieces of antique furniture and many orna ments of value, such as wassail bowls, horns, &e. There was a very large and fashionable circle pre sent, among whom were the Earl of Carnarvon (the president), the Bishop of Oxford, Rev. Charles Kingsley, Archdeacon Randall, Mr. W. W. Beach, M.P., Mr. W. S. Portal, Mr. H. R. Eyre, Dr. Palmer, Mr. T. J. Pettigrew, F.R.S., &o. The Earl of CARNARVON' delivered a most inte resting and eloquent address. He said he thought he should best fulfil the duty devolving u pon h ad e bal e , ca su secondlysoefs t h •e, e ' hi ,Nv c e h e t h e a b d tehf o b e r r e o p u ght them together him by calling their attention, in the first places t t t , h o h e a t t i to the character and objects of themt articular their parnodoe, sphere edin g lastly, jects of s• In his opinion, nowhere in England could this meeting have been called together with great er advantage th an i n Newbury. They occupied as it were a central position, standing upon the borders of two counties—Hampshire and Berkshire—bot h of them very rich in historic associations, both of them counties whose historic associations had never been properly worked out. The difficulty the asso ciation would experience would not be in finding a field of labour for their researches, but where to limit them. His Lordship then proceeded to dwell on the legends connected with the counties, how many of them were - waning away, and how im portant it was that they should be preserved to. society, for in many instances they bespoke th e real character and traits of a people. The character of the Romans was glanced at, their progress in civi lisation, their grand and noble roads, and particu; lady the ruins of Silchester, that once noble Boma city. The Civil Wars—particularly thei r conll, ti:m with the counties—in which a dist in g ii . relative of the noble lord played no uncon s p icuous part, were also vividly sketched. His lordsliik! after referring to many objects of interest the association in their forthcoming rambles 'Nun.' visit, concluded by saying that he thought he should not be discharging his duty were he to neglect saying a few words wit h re g ard to the . general character and objects of archaeolo gy , and allow him to say in the first place, it was not of that dry, musty character which the dilettanti of the present age conceive d it to be—it was not the mere husk and chaff of literature, it was rather that study which preserved as it were the golden thread of romance and poetry in a practical and sometimes uti litarian ag e, an d, yhich furnished the man of letters with da ta ens facts on which to found his history. The Bishop of OXFORD proposed a vote of thanks , observing that he thought the address had come with peculiar gracefulness from his lordship, the b e arer of a name than which no name bore a brighter aspect in English annals, whether in war, in letters, or in those gentle acquirements which appertain t° the old English country gentleman. Mr. H. R. EYRE, of Shaw-house, seconded the vote of thanks, which was carried by acclamation' Mr. T. J. PETTIGREW then read an interesting paper on the an ti qu ities of Berkshire, after which the association visited Newbury Church, the Ma" scum, alms houses, &c. At half-past 6 o'clock there was a table (note at the Pelican Hotel, and at half-past S o'clock there was a meeting at the Mansion-h ouse , when pap ers were read, followed by a discussion. It is stated that Colonel Shaffner, who starteu. from Boston on the 29th of August, in the barque Wyman, to explore the Northern Atlantic for a telegraph rout°, ha° received from the k ing of Denmark the exclusive ourse right of to lay a cable in Greenlad and Iceland. The c templated is from the shores of Labrador to South Green land, thence to Iceland, and thence to the Faroe Islands, where the wires will branch —one According to Sc?tland, the other to Bergen, in Norway. to this plan the longest stretch of cable will be from Labradt r to Green land—about 500 miles. 31037 Ward s . A s t 14 °Thbai iinpart: advane, %h ares -ve i /lamb G rea , forin, Jo: have N h vflr ,„ 1 1 , 64 i)itt e i ' H ~nE * Yn It