The Sun. — London, England, 1862-10-20 00:00:00

_LIVES of EMINENT STATESMEN, by T.ELOS. HOOD, Esq., in FUN, every week. Now Ready, handsomely bound in Magenta cloth, gilt, price 4s. 6d. ; post free, 55., the SECOND 'fall-yearly VOLUME of FUN, with k., numerous Engravings by talented artists, and humor ous Articles by the following distinguished writers : W. Bailey, Esci• W. S. Gilbert, Esq. W. Barber, Esq, T. Hood, Esq. E. L. Blanch irol, Esq. T. S. Jerrold, Esq. G. W. Brid2,etuan, Esq. W. J. Prowse, Esq. F. C. Burnand, Esq. Godfrey Turner, Esq. H. J. Byron, Esq. &c., dre., &a Office, 80, Fleet- ;treet, London. ik DANGEROUS R OMAN," s in "SATURDAY NIGHT," every week. One Penny. (ILOTHING FUND for the RELIEF of the k..) LANCASHIRE and CHESHIRE OPERATIVES. The Lord Mayor and Committee beg to announce that, by the kindness of the Governors of Bridewell, a portion of that Building has been placed at their disposal for the RECEP TION of CLOTHING for the use of the SUFFERING POPULA HON in the DISTRESSED DISTRICTS. They therefore invite contributions of Clothing of all kinds and of Blankets, and request that they may be sent to the above-mentioned place, viz. : Bridewell, Bridge-street, Blackfriars, E.C., for the Committee. Mansion House,E.C., 18th Oct., 1862. GEORGE HOBSON respectfully invites the d a ttention of gentlemen to his new AUTUMNAL an WINTER COATINGS, Trouserings, and Waistcoatings. LIST OF PRICES. S u perfine West of England wooded bl ack cloth Z S. Z 5. Beaufort or morning coats .. . • .. . •. . 2 2 to 3 10 to 2 15 Ditto frock .. .. .. .. - • 3 3 Black or Blue, or Oxford mixture Melton cloth 1 15 to 2 15 Beaufort or morning coats .... Ditto frock -• •• •• .• -- .. 218 to 3 10 Scarlet hunting coats .. .. .. .. .. 33t0 3 10 Shooting jackets .. . • • • • • • • —llsto 2 2 The new overcoats for the present season .. tlBto 2 2 ;; ....: ...... 1 0 16 1 tt t oo o 1 0 1 1 05 8 .. .. 2 15 to 3 10 Ditto •• •• •• •• •• The new autumnal trousers ;; Ditto •• •• • . illack doeskin trousers Ditto • • • . .. A .large stock of over-coats for the autumn and winter sea. so n, knt to suit the tas te of all, and from which orders can be proroyay execu ed. Excellence with Economy. George Hobson, 57, Lombard-street. C " "AL PALACE. TO - MORROW cruvlsnA y.) Open from Nine o'clock till Seven. BLONDIN at Half-past Three o'clock. One Shilling. it ysTAL PALACE—AFTERNOON VISITS. CThis bean; the Last Fortnight of the International Exhi bition, and in .anticipation that many Excursionists and other Visitors, whose time is limited, would wish to see the Palace also, it will remain open during the above period from Nine in the Morning until Seven in the Evening. •At dusk the Palace will be lighted by the new gas standards erected in the naves by Messrs. Defries. ORYSTAL PALACE.-BLONDIN NJ TO-MORROW (TUESDAY) on the HIGH ROPE in the Centre Transept. Last time but two. CX NSTAL PALACE.—ARRANG EMENTS for TO-MORROW (TUESDAY). Open at Nine. ore.b es tral Band at Di s pa7 of Fountainsat 2.30 B i on di .n an d Orchestral Band at 3.30 Great 0,-gan Performance at . 5. 0 Admissiet to all, One Shilling; Children, Sixpence. . For full ph,rticitlars of amusements see first page. ROYAL ENGLI:II-1 BO O H PERA EMIA , N GIRL. COVENT-GARDEN. This Evening, THE Commence at 8. THEATRE-ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. 'his Evening, at Seven, THE COLLEEN BAWN. And at hall-past Nine THE RELIEF OF LUCKNOW. THEATRE -ROYAL, HAYMARKET. This Een DAUHTER TO MARRY. Alter which, OUR AMERIACAN CGOUSIN. With DUCK HUNTING. And JAMS'S F RETURN ROM CANTON. Commence at 7. NEW THEATRE -ROYAL, ADELPHI. This Evening, THE GREEN BUSHES. Fo llowed b y THE SHILLIN G DAY. Commence at 7. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. This Evenimr, DELICATE GROUND. After which, at 8, Sheridan Knowles' Play of LOVE. With PERFECTION. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. This ETeDillZ, PEEP O'DAY. Followed by KILLAR NEY. Conclude with IT MUST BE TttlJE, 'TWAS IN THE PAPERS. Commence at 7. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. This Evening . , MAZEPPA. Brilliant Scenes in the Circle. Concluding with a Comic Bailet. Commence at 7. W. S. WOODIN'S CABINET OF CURIOSITIES, Polygraphic Hall, King William-street, Charing-cross. Commence at 8. ARGYLL ROOMS, Great Windmill-street, Hay market. Open every evening for Promenade and Dancing. CANTERBURY HALL.—EVERY EVENING.— ariland Operatic the E rea t election ic and Cantata -Unsworth, Eugene, Daley, g com trio, acc. Commence at 7. THE OXFORD, 6, OXFORD-STREET, EVERY 1N Cr.—Grand Operatic Selections, with full band and chorus.—The comic performance of Miss Caroline Parkes — Steckel on the Frying Trapeze—The Ethiopian oddities of Rumsey, Newcomb, .k Commence at 7. NOTICE. All remittances are, henceforth, to be made to Mr. JOHN CHAPLIN, at The Sun office, 112, Strand, who has been appointed, by the Lord Chancellor, Receiver and Manager of The Sun newspaper, and the outstanding debts due in respect thereof. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. THIS DAY.—Morning, 11h. 41m.—Afternoon., h. m, To..monnow.-Morning, 12h. sm.—Afternoon, 12h. 26m, .f.z.t.,,-,„, if .... . g.,, w. ..) , -,4 1 , ~ 1,11.0, . 1 ,\ , r c, , ) , • 4 . 4.,...v . cilA .4.- , --... • : •-r- , 1 3 . - -°..\ ~\.„ _\;•lk -,-. . ',. , '?,,, - 4:4-11 - ,,,v , . *, O 4T A\ 44-5- ' ~:, „, ..-- •,' - 2. - pat 1 . , " '.. • 7 ~;-#1 TIIE SUN. LONDON, MONDAY, OCT. 20, 1862. - We are not to suppose that Irishmen, who are numerous in Glasgow, are more peacefully disposed than they are in Birkenhead and London, but the Glasgow authorities evidently know how to compel them to keep the peace. The City Hall is there open to so exc iting a lecturer as ALEXANDER GA VAZZI, and on a topic so exciting as " Italy, VICTOR EMMANUEL, GARIBALDI, and the POPE," a town Councillor taking the chair. The Glasgow authori ties do not understand the doctrine of the Birken head priest, too much countenanced by the procla mation of Sir RICHARD MAYNE, that if quiet citizens choose to call, not a public meeting, but a meeting for speaking, lecturing, or passing resolu tion on an "exciting topic," then those who call the meeting may reasonably expect to be inter rapted by noise and violence, and are responsible for creating a dietnrbance. In Glasgow, at least, priests are made to understand that they cannot with impunity give a secret hint to their liViorant dupes, and make the terrors of a brutal niob do the work of their beloved inquisition. We 11 [12y be sure that the same authorities would take e qual care, could any care be needed, that Irish Papists should assemble undisturbed, if they choose, and hold a meeting to execrate GARIBALDI, and to extol the Temporal Vicar of CHRIST and his odious rule over his little kingdom of this world. From the account of the meeting, in the Glasgow Daily Mail, it would seem that neither the Chair man nor the eloquent lecturer refrained from doing justice to the topic of the evening. The Chairman very appropriately reminded the meeting that 200 years ago the POPE was using a Prince of the House of Savoy to murder the Protestants of Italy —the Albigenses, when our great CROMWELL successfully intervened—through the terrors of Admiral BLARE* and having adverted to the immo r t a l sonnet o f MILTON, CROMWELL'S secretary, in which he solemnly invokes v:mgee.nee on the triple tyrant for the slaughter he had inflicted on the pious moun- taineers—beginning " Avenge, 0, Lord, thy slaughtered saints, Wh(me bones lie seat,;ered on the Alpine mountains cold." He remarked ou the contrasted positions now of POPE and KING--" Gentlemen," he said, "1 cannot help thinki tig that we are witnesses of that long delayed vengeance. The House of th e POPE are Savoy, religious liberty, an d again in collision, But the good cause is now n the ascendant. And what is remarkable, it owes it s _ -- Success m, unly to the princely h ouse that, tnOge former day t i trampled it under foot at the bidding of the POPE. From the princes of that house leading on the friends of religion and liberty, the POPE is by a most righteous retribution receiving part of the wages of his long unrequited iniquity. Let us hope that he will shortly be compelled to drain the cup to the very dregs—that he will be driven from his temporal sovereignty, and will be compelled to look on, without power to arrest the diffusion of knowledge, of liberty, and of reli gion through every part of that renowned penin sula." GAVAZZI, himself, like the Chairman, seemed to think the events in Italy too wonderful for human agency alone ; but he did not spare the man who wishes to make himself the Providence of Italy. " There was a kind of mock Jupiter on a neighbour ing throne who wished to divide Italy into three parts—into a northern, a central, and a southern kingdom, with VICTOR EMMANUEL as king of the northern portion, and two imperial cousins of the mock Jupiter at the head of the other divisions. But they would only have one king in ItaIy—VICTOR EMMANUEL. Priests, and Popes, and Despots— all were over in Italy. They would not go too far, but stay in the medium, believing that ultra friends were a little too much for Italy. A retro grade movement was an impossibility, but a repub lican movement was also an impossibility. The Moderates were Constitutionalists, and therefore they would have a constitutional monarchy for the future. They respected the Republicans in Italy, but as they were only a fraction and a minority, they would not prevail against a constitutional mo narchy." The present KING'S success he attributed to his reversal of the policy of his ancestors. " The House of Savoy always coveted the Crown of Italy, but the bigoted and jesuitical Princes of that house expected to receive it from the hands of the POPE, through the 'divine right' of Princes. The moment VICTOR EMMANUEL trusted himself into the hands of the people, and turned his back to the POPE, he received the Crown of Italy from the hands of the people, through the divine right of Italians." GA YAZZI maintains that GARIBALDI IS still the man needed by his country. "In order to complete Italy a man was wanted, not a politician, but an honest, simple-minded, simple-hearted, simple-natured, au stere, severe, virtuous, sober, upright, honest, patriotic, brave man. And GOD had given such a man to Italy in General JOSEPH GARIBALDI, who would be preserved to Italy for still greater pur poses. As GoD shielded him from death so oftan in the field of battle, so GOD would spare his life in the present difficulty, for as he was really the author of Italian independence and liberty, he would be, un der the blessing of GoD, the finisher of Italian in dependence and liberty." The lecturer maintained that Italy still trusted the "plucky soldier" GARIBALDI more than the "strategical generals" and the diplomatists. " He was the man to lead VICTOR EMMANUEL to Rome." That he was the man to do so might be argued from the troubles of Pius IX. A few weeks ago, when GARIBALDI was almost 900 miles distant from Rome, the POPE felt rather uneasy—rather un steady in his Pontifical chair. And why was he so apprehensive P The POPE ' smelt a rat,' altho'gh, under the circumstances, his Holiness might him self be reckoned the rat." Lucky for GAVAIII that he was in Glasgow, not in Hyde-park or in Birkenhead while talking in this style. Loudly and energetically he asserted the claims of Italians to their metropolis; they must have it. "But he hoped they would not require to fight against France, trusting that she would recover her lost senses. As Italians had no Iminess in Paris, so Frenchmen had no business in Rome ; and as Frenchmen would say to Italians in Paris, ' Go back to your Italy, please,' so Italians would say to Frenchmen in Rome, ' Go home to 3 our France ; i i Rome is our natural right.' The French army in Rome was an insult to the Italian army, to the Italian feeling, and to the Italian King, VICTOR EMMANUEL. Was the Pope an ' unprotected female' that he needed protection P and if he were as mild, and amiable, and large-hearted and all the rest of it as he was represented, why did he need protection at all any more than the Queen VICTO RIA ? Although the POPE were to lose his temporal power to-morrow he would not need protection, because nobody in Italy would insult him. Italians Iwere not intolerant like Papists in England, but were do liberal as to respect the opinions of every one." It is an honour to our country that such racy lec tures, breathing nothing but ardent love of orderly liberty, and detestation of civil and ecclesiastical despotism, can be delivered in England with the cordial .goodwill of governors, and we can assure the priests and their hired ruffians that they will not be permitted to deprive us of our rights, and Italy of the encouragement we desire to give her. The Atlantic Cable, though long since abandoned to its fate at the bottom of the ocean, is still remem bered as a brilliant and wonderful success. And bear ing in mind how many failures there were before the steam engine, for example, became, first of all, per fected into a stationary engine, and afterwards into a locomotive, it cannot be doubted by any rational observer of the advance made in science, that it is simply a question of time, as to when the first soli tary attempt at laying down an electric cable under ,he Atlantic shall be repeated —so repeated, that is to the end that it may not be recognised as temporarily, but as permanently and securely successful. Other submarine cables of lesser length and smaller value h a ve been submerged long since effectually and practically as channels of instant communication between island and island, between kingdom and kingdoms continent.betweencontine a n n t d an yn d r sue,France Englandraeand lg and Ireland, and,land England by consequence, in this last instance, Europe and AfricA hTahvaetbgeerneabtroeungtehrtpirnisteo,muoomwenin tary intercourse. process of development, which is to bring ourselves and our remote Asiatic possessions into direct com munication, is another attestation, though as yet it is true an incomplete on e,of the capabilities already our eady attained by the blending of the energies nautical men and of our men of science, with a view to the successful submergence of electric cables along the bed of ocean channels, of great seas like the Mediterranean and the Red S ea, and of b tracts of water like that of the vast Indian Ocean neighbouring the mighty Pacific. W done upon a considerable scale elsewhere,hat has been done and been n repeatedly and what is more successfully done — may be readily done, of course, with a little more forethought, a little more expense, and a little more ingenuity in the laying down, let us say, of the submarine cable trailed along the bed of the Atlan tic! Thus connecting Europe and America, Ireland with Newfoundland, the eastern with the western hemispheres. Naturally, after the first sudden and early failure —there has been a lengthened delay in reviving the project at all. So much capital had been sunk irrep , J .rabiy among what SHAKS- PvEerlitiagealls, with such a grand affluence of e, expressiv e of inaccessible riches— "among the ooze and bottom of the deep, 'mid accumulation (altogether beyond treasur y sunken w rec k and of the shipwrecked t t he reach There amongst the of pomp co ages, lies reclamation) the 2,022 miles of that costly cable— used only for a few days, for a few hours, and then lost irreparably. Capitalists hesitate not unnatn rally to jeopardise anothei similar treasure, at ano ther " fell swoop" as abrupt and as irreparable. It is only, however, a question of time—when the new Atlantic cable will be paid out and laid down along that oceanic route extending between Valentia Harbour, Ireland, and Trinity Bay, Newfoundland. When that next project shall be entered upon in earnest, as it must and will be entered upon eventually, precautions will, as a matter of course, be taken in every conceivable way to facilitate the safe and ready paying out of the new cable then about to be submerged. And with a view to secure this desirable increase in the way of security and of facility in paying out the cable an intelligent officer in her MAJESTY'S Royal Navy has hit upon a plan which gives fair promise when tried of proving admirably efficacious. Whether it be a reasonable suggestion or not, the expedient propounded by this officer, Captain T. H. SELWYN, R.N., is at any rate undoubtedly worthy of a calm and searching and dispassionate investigation, to the end that competent judges may decide as to its value or as to its worthlessness. Captain SELWYN suggests that instead of paying out the new submarine cable from cylinders work ing on board whatever vessel is chosen to carry out the expedition—the cable should be laid along the bed of the ocean from a cylinder, or rather, as we understand him, from two cylinders floating themselves upon the bosom of the Atlantic, and gra dually towed across the ocean at the stern of the ship appointed to carry out the expedition. In case of any interruption of the process of paying out in mid-course, by reason, we will suppose, of the sud den rising of tempestuous weather, precautionary arrangements are made in this plan of Captain SELWYN'S for tiding through storms, with safety at once to the ship towing the cylinder, and to the half-submerged cable attached to the cylinder. A precautionary arrangement consisting simply of a contrivance for casting off or abandoning the cylinder temporarily ! Captain SELWYN, more over, calculates that the simple cost of his plan's adoption would be about £6,000 altogether. The length of the cable is estimated at 3,000 miles— consequently the cost of this contrivance for paying it out with greater facility and security would be no more than a cost of £2 additional a mile. A trivial item in itself,merely—when it is borne in mind what is the intrinsic value of these submerged cables, a value so great that this addition of two pounds sterling a mile to the original outlay becomes abso lutely insignificant. "But,'' adds Captain SELWYN himself upon this very point, namely as to the ques tion of outlay, " the present light cables may be carried at considerably less expense, if, indeed, one or two thousand pounds be considered an object in carrying a cable, whose cost must be reckoned by hundreds of thousands, and in which a difference of 6d. per lb. in the expense of manufacturing the path percha would more than cover the whole of the cost of laying by these means, that difference (as 400 lb. of gutta-percha are used in each mile, of 3,000 miles) being equal to £30,000." Weighed in air—the cable weighs about a ton a mile. Weighed in sea - water, its weight is diminished to about 14 cwt. The diameter, it raay be remembered, is i'ths of an inch. Its cost is £lOO per mile. The exact distance between Trinity Bay and Valentia Harbour is, in nautical miles, 1650. The distance actually laid is 2,022 miles. The length of cable calculated to be requisite is 3,000 miles. Recapitulating his own calculations, he says : " It has been stated that the size of cylinder for such a cable as the late Atlantio would be 60 long x 50 diam., that its weight was about 300 tone, and the total cost about £6,000. We will now proceed to give the details of these calculations of weight and cost of cylinder for carrying a submarine telegraphic cable, such as the old Atlantic : Weight in air per mile, 1 ton ; weight in water, 14 cwt. ; diameter, inch , length, 3,000 miles. This can be carried thus. Two cylinders are to be built of i-in iron, each 60 feet long by 50 feet diameter, with double ends 2 feet apart, and paddle-wheels attached, the ends to have a diameter of 56 feet, and the whole to be surrounded by a frame, in which the axles revolve." The length of the cylinder, he realises readily enongh to landsmen and seamen, alike, by saying it would be about the length of one of our coal barges in the river Thames, or about the distance between two of our ordinary street lamps. As to any objections that might be raised against this scheme of his proposed cylinder, those Captain SELWYN at once sets aside by arguing that the velocity of a ship varies as the cubic root of the power. Or, says he—" To put it in plainer language, if 800 horse-power propel a ship 10 knots, then.two ships of equal size will be pro pelled by the same power acting in one of them, not 5 knots, but 8 nearly." The pamphleteer illustrates this by a note, which tells us :—" Capt. ERICCSON'S small screw vessel, of 45 feet length, 8 feet beam, and drawing 2 feet 3 inches of water, towed the Ameri can ship Toronto, of 630 tons burthen, on the Thames, 25th May, 1837, at the rate of 41 knots per hour against tide." Certainly a case in point— bearing in mind the moderate amount of the ton nage of one of these cylinders. Without dilating further upon the plan thus suggested by the gal lant officer whose name we have here mentioned, we will content ourselves now with very earnestly commending his proposition as put forth in a little pamphlet* that may be read almost in ten minutes, regarding this suggestion of Captain SELWYN's, as we do, as at the very least entitled to serious and careful examination. *Explanation of the Floating Cylinders for laying Tele graphic Submarine Cables. By Captain J. H. Selwyn, R.N. Bvo, pp. 18. T. Piper, London, 1862. If the police of Englana be strong enough to put down club law in this country, the opinion of libe ral Europe, with England for its centre, is not strong enough to put it down in Rome. French bayonets undertake there the office of shillelaghs here, and though they may be but as small a mino rity in Italy, as Irish clubmen in England, yet as they represent sixty legions more on the other side of the Aips, Italy can deal with them only as the advanced guard of an overwhelming army. When we have said this, commonplace and obvious as the fact is, we have stated the whole of the Italian question. Turn it how we will it amounts to this, and dA t NBCiErki internationallysenheaa identic a li.o tw t e h ri e st .....h l t a t hh w aa tt o f tohf e t ht the e 1 1 LEHPmpEyßdecser-Ropr Hyde-park however, imm — e c a ot s hu u en r r a te b riy. l o y rwe str onger than the Papal will b th 3 e a P llo o:E ed 's to Irish Of—GARIBAL DI , an d Rome for the re presslambs et ohinn n e - m tc hr e yi n s Romans, his French lambs in Rome itself are able to crush the Romans underot that the the hoof EMPERORofthepap papacy. No one can now doubt not for the first time, deceived all who put any faith in his character. As we never did so, we cannot say we are deceived. As RATTAZZI and the Italians, iee to wer of as n a and perhaps L ord RUSSELL did, they are taken in. For ourselves w e never saw more in the EMPEROR'S h p 0 / o n f e e :t s e i r o n t s i whichege than not doubt that when t he edges of the mask appearedthe wish to have wish ofv e v somewhat a long as possible the ma sk of virtue; while we could loosened and showed too plainly it would be flung away without scr u p le. been at Villafranca, in Nice and Savoy, Thus it has at Gaeta, and now at Rome. To keep Italy divided and weak, to give to France the power in ItUIY which THE SUN, LONDON; MONDAY EVENIN(, OCTOBER 20, 1862. Austria formerly wielded there, to glorify the Em pire by the custody of the POPE and the possession of Rome—this has been the policy of LOUIS NAPO LEON ; this will be his policy. He will persevere in it unmoved by any considerations of international right—unmoved by the vexation of the Italians, in which, indeed, he rejaices—unmoved by the remon strances of England, whom he only seeks to please when it suits his convenience. It is gratifying to him, no doubt, to show that he can afford at the same time to flout England and the law of nations, to which she consistently appeals. We entirely believe with GA.RIPALDI that the noble and gene rous French people are grieved and annoyed at being made the gaolers of the unfortunate Romans. Even the national pride which would make them pleased to beard England, should she dictate in a matter which did not concern her, makes them ashamed of a mean, arbitrary, and selfish policy while England advocates a noble one. At this moment, we may rest assured, that whatever unkindly feelings still exist in France towards England are due to our supposed connivance with her Imperial oppressor for our own selfish interests. Frenchmen would under an Em peror, as under a Republic, resent and resist Eng lish dictation, or anything which seemed to exalt the flag of England above that of France, but they also in their inmost hearts resent the thought that we can suppose them to be only fit subjects for such a tyranny as that under which they groan. The EMPEROR'S letter to M. THOUYENEL, with the accompanying appointments, quite settle all doubts as to his policy in superseding him. Not only is M. DRotYYN DE L'Huars the acknowledged representative of the anti-Italian policy, the man who perhaps originated, certainly sustained the scheme of seizing Rome in the days of the Repub lic—but M. TaorvENEL is pretty plainly, though politely, told that he is dismissed in the inte rest of the conciliation policy ; which means, in fact, the policy of keeping Italy oat of its capital• LOUIS NAPOLEON well knows that no "conciliation" on the basis of the POPE'S surrendering Rome is possible with the Vatican. He equally knows that none on the basis of the POPE'S retaining Rome will be accepted by the Italian nation. He thus announces that he means to hold Rome till an impossibility is realised. He might as well an nounce his intention to hold it till the discovery of perpetual motion. There is indeed an amusing yet sinister compliment conveyed in the EMPEROR'S language to his dismissed servant, "In the inte rest of the same policy of conciliation which you have so loyally forwarded, I have judged it neces sary to replace you in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs !" Riddle as this reads like to outsiders, we may be sure it is none to M. THOUVENEL. He quite understands the ironical compliment. He is aware that it means " you forwarded the policy till you felt it would be disgraceful to forward it any longer—therefore I set you aside for a man who is not ashamed that my Government should do by violence what it cannot do with honour." Could M. THOUVENEL and the world have doubted th e meaning of the letter, not only the name of his successor, but even still more that of M. LAVALETTE'S successor in the Embassy at Rome, was its easy interpretation. M. DE LA TOUR D'AUVERGNE, is a well known ultramontanist, and will give full effect to the settled policy of everlast ingly seeking an impossible reconciliation, and there fore an everlasting pretext for the violation of Ita lian rights, and those of the Roman people, by the permanent occupation of their capital. But what are the Italians themselves to do ? They now see more than ever the loss they have sus tained in losing their CATOUR. That able diplo matist has not left behind him the man whom the BONAPARTES equally fear. RICASOLI is too honour able and unbending, he can be pushed aside as impracticable. RATTAZZ[ is too timid, he has not courage to confront the master of sixty legions. The Italians have seen their Government made an Imperial football. ItitusoLi was kicked out and RATTAZZI kicked in by the foreigner. The promise was that we should see how the EMPEROR, who would not yield to Right and RICASOLI, w , uld yield to cunning and RATTAZZI. The Italians know the result—at home their own Government was ordered to shoot their own National hero, and to disgrace themselves before Europe. In Paris the Minister who favoured an Italian policy is cashiered for an anti-Italian member ; at Rome, itself, the liberal Marquis de LAVALETTE is superseded by a reactionary Ultramontanist, and this is the sum of the installation of RATTAZZI by the Grace of the Emperor. He was to win Rome for Italy by diplomacy—he has won the disgrace of Aspro monte, and the dismissal of THOUVENEL and LAVALETTE. But what can the Italians do P Nothing yet, assuredly, nothing, in the military sense. It would, in their present condition, be something like insanity to go to war with France. Italy, now, has the the French nation on its side. If in any way it attacks the French flag, it would compel that sensitive nation, however regretting it, to fight for the honour of its flag. It would be madness to lose the great French nation in an attempt to coerce US EMPEROR—and so to compel the nation to sup port him. We do not see that they have any weapons left them but moral weapons, but these they are warranted to use to the full. They can simmon their Parliament immediately. They can confess the failure of the policy of truckling to the Tuileries. In calm but firm language they can tell Europe, on the authority of the Italian Parlia ment, the light in which Italians view the occupation of their capital by mere brute force, without the shadow of justification; they can avow decidedly their de termination never to be split up into a Confederacy to please any foreign Prince; they can address themselves to strengthening their military and social position till events shall enable them to make a successful use of it, and thus they can afford to wait while the EMPEROR is degrading himself to yet lower depths of baseness. If the Italians give up coquetting with him, and treat him as what he is—if, though they cannot resist his power, they refuse to abase themselves to it—even he, heartless as he is, cannot afford to he photographed to Europe in the cold contempt of weaker Italy. Mr. TRAIN, writing—from his dungeon, shall we say ?—(his letter is dated " Police-station, No. 2, Boston, Oct. 6th, 2.30 p.m.," so that we know pre cisely the time and place where this historical document was penned)—Mr. TRAIN, writing from " durance vile," has given the public at large on both sides of the Atlantic, a very lively idea of "ye manners and ye customs" of the Fedeials at a great public meeting. Skipping all the preli minary part of Mr. TRAIN'S letter as nothing to the purpose, plunging after Horatian fashion in medias res, we find Lim thus graphically describing the ups and downs the tos and fros of that late Battle of his upon a Bost o n Platform, at the close of which vigorously-conducted contest the narrator was entirely:wo rs t e d, b e i ng b or ne away overpowered by numbers. " I s t e pp e d," he says, " upon the plat form, or rather jumped over the railing—as the packed jury shoved me off the staircase and blocked the way. S ee i ng angry eyes b e hi n d me, and hos tile demo ns t rations from the ens l ave d comm itt ee around Mr.SUMNE R, and being somewhat acquainted with the art of self•defence, while the audience was cheering in front I kept on my guard by looking behind. I call the audience to witness that I struck no blow, touched no man, made no hostile move ment. When two or three took hold of me I shook them off and put myself on defence. I was good for a few of the miserable poltroons who would strike a single man, but when dozens rushed upon me, striking me right an& left, and three dif ferent hands were lifting me from the floor by the hair of my head at the same time, it was difficult fer me to reach the stage. I, however, did so over the fallen bodies of several, four times, when the officers of the law took me in charge. Respecting the law, I gave myself up, and although in charge of two policemen, the miserable cowards struck me, tore open my shirt, and held me over the staircase by the hair of my head, when I should have fallen over 30 feet on the iron stairs had I not rescued myself by holding on to the rail ing. Cries of Kill him, the d—d 'white man— smash his head—knock him down !' accompanied by acts of violence, followed me into the street. The policemen seemed too excited or unable wholly to protect me from this most respectable committee, who say t' at free speech is the chief plank of the free soil platform !" Altogether a most exemplary scrimmage, it must have been, from beginning to end. One worthy of Mr. G. 0. A. HEAD, we beg the hero's pardon—of Mr. G. F. TRAIN, and of his whereabouts, or rather of his surroundings, what the French call entourage—the Federal freemen, the Federal free-and-easy-men, we should say, who indulged themselves by holding Mr. G. F. TRAIN up over the stair case by the hair of his head. As affording the subject for an effective tableau, having as its central figure the only man of mark . of any kind yet brought forward upon the side of the Federals, we would commend to the attention and .mbition of HIRAM POWER, the great American sculptor, the representation, in enduring marble, of Mr. G. F. TRAIN, with his shirt torn open, and his manly chest bared ; with his hair dis hevelled, not to say towselled ; his eyes "in a fierce phrenzy rolling, for Mr. TRAIN, remember, is a poet, as well as an orator, and an in ventor of street tramways; his whole form, as he powerfully expresses it, in an attitude of defence — Mr. G. F. TRAIN, in tact, as he appeared the other day upon the Boston Platform. HIRAM POWER'S world-famous Masterpiece of the Greek Slave might then be matched with another masterpiece repre senting this affecting effigy of the American Free man. Who knows but that TRAIN, thus done into marble by the hand of POWER, might take rank thenceforth with the Quoit Thrower or the Dying Gladiator. HER MAJES7 Y. BRUSSELS, OCT. 18. Queen Victoria arrived here at nine o'clock this morning, with Princesses Helena, Louisa, and Beatrice, and Princes Arthur and Leopold. The Queen was attended by Earl Russell, Lieutenant- General Grey, Lady Bruce, and suite. Her Majesty was received at the Laeken station by the Belgian Royal Family, the English Ambassador, and other distinguished personages, and conducted to the King of the Belgians at the Palace of Laeken. OCTOBER 19. There was a State dinner at Laeken yesterday, and a breakfast was given this morning. The English and Belgian Royal Families, with their suites, were present on both occasions. Queen Victoria will leave in the course of to-day for Antwerp, whence her Majesty will embark either this evening or to-morrow morning, . .... _ _ Many English families residing in Belgium have gone to Antwerp to see the Queen, Her Majesty took her departure from (derma ny on the 17th inst., on her way to England. She intends spending two or three days at Brussels. Her Majesty, it Is expected, will arrive at Osborne on the 21st inst.— Court Journal. The Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch are receiv ing a succession of visitors at Drumlanrig Castle. The Duke and Duchess of Roxburghe and Lady Charlotte Ker leave town to-morrow for their seat, Floors Castle, ltoxburghshire. The Countess de Flabault and Madlle. Elphin stone de Flahaub arrived at Albert-gate House on Saturday from visiting the Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch at Drum lanrig Castle, Dumfries-shire. The Marquis of Tweeddale and Lady Jane Hay have left Thomas's Hotel, Berkeley-square, for Sandgate. The Earl of Winchilsea, Captain and Mrs. Stewart, and Baron Fagel have left the St. George's Hotel. The Earl of Wicklow has left town for Brighton. The Earl and Countess of Hardwicke and Lady Agneta Yorke have left Sydney Lodge, Southampton, for Wimpole Hall, Cambridgeshire. The Earl of Glasgow, Lord Huntingfield, Lord Methuen, and the Earl of Chesterfield have arrived at the St. George's Hotel. Francis Countess of Albemarle and Colonel the Hon. Peregrine Cust are expected in town in a few days from Paris. Viscount and Viscountess Curzon arrived at Curz House on Saturday from Penn House, Bucks. Viscountess de Contades left Albert-gate House last evening from Paris. Lord and Lady Willoughby de Eresby have arrived at their mansion in Piccadilly from visiting Lord and Lady Aveland at Normanton Park, Rutlandshire. Lord and Lady Churston have arrived in town from a tour on the Continent. Lord and Lady Aveland have been entertaining a succession of visitors at their seat, Normanton Park, Rut landshire, during the past week. Lady Milford and the Hon. Mr. Eyre have left town for Brighton. Lady Marian Alford has left Paris for Orleans. His Excellency Gioucchino Maglietta dei Baroni di Giuliano has arrived at the Brunswick Hotel, Jermyn street, from Turin. _ _ . Sir Charles Knightley, Bart., accompanied by his daughter, the Hon. Mrs. Gage, have left town for Fawsley Park, Northamptonshire. Sir Henry Hoare, Lady Hoare, and Miss Hoare have arrived at Thomas's Hotel, Berkeley-square, from Stourhead, near Bath. Lord Clarence Paget, M.P., left the Admiralty yesterday on a short renewal of his leave of absence.-- Army and Navy Gazette. The public will be glad to hear that Miss Night ingale's health is somewhat improved since her sojourn in one of the healthiest spots near London, where she is pro -IJuging her stay. --Court Journal. THE MINISTRY.—The Ministers are expected to arrive in town, in order to attend the Cabinet Council sum moned by Lord Palmerston, on Thursday next, the 23d inst. Mr. Milner Gibson will reach London to day (Monday), Lord Granville, who has been the Minister in attendance on the Queen, is expected at his residence in Bruton -street to morrow (Tuesday) ; Mr. Gladstone is also expected on the same day in town from Hawarden Castle. The Home Se cretary (Sir G. Grey) is expected to arrive on the day pre ceding the Council from his seat, Fallodon, Northumber land. Lord Palmerston, who is staying at his seat, Broad lands, Hants, is Expected to travel to town in the forenoon of Thursday. Sir G. C. Lewis, the Duke of Newcastle, the Duke of Somerset. the Lord Chancellor, and the other members of the Cabinet are also expected to arrive in the metropolis for the purpose of being present at the meeting which will be held at the office of the Premier in Downing street.— Obser. ver. THE LIFEBOAT IN THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL GARDENS.—This morning the lifeboat which has been ex hibited for some months past in the Royal Horticultural Gardens, contiguous to the International Exhibition, will be removed. It will be remembered that room could not be found for her in the Exhibition building. The boat is a lull-sized one, fully equipped for service, and placed on her transporting carriage, all being precisely like what may be seen at the numerous stations of the National Lifeboat Institution on differt nt parts of the coast. During the period the boat has been in the gardens she has been the object of much interest to the visitors there. Captain Maynard and the men belonging to the Naval Brigade under his charge at the International Exhibition have taken care of the boat, They also subscribed among themselves sufficient money to buy a flag, which was placed by the side of the boat. To day they will accompany the boat through some of the prin cipal streets, with a band of musk, to the river side. The cost, £2SC, of this lifeboat has, been munificently presented to the institution by Mr. G. J. Fenwick, of Seaton Burn, Newcastle-on-Tyne. She will be sent in the course of a week or so to Tynetuouth, Northumberland, where a con venient house has been built for her reception, and where it is more than probable her services will often be required in saving life from shipwreck. The cost at more of the house has been collected by Ur. Hugh Taylor, late M.P. for that borough, FROGS IN COALS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—Observing a correspondence in the Times on the subject of the existence of frogs in rock or coal strata, I wrete to that journal the enclosed letter. As no notice of my communication has been taken, I presume the facts are rather too startling to be pleasant to those who dispute the possibility of such facts. As I think anything that can help to throw light on such remarkable things may be of use, I send a copy of what I wrote, and should you think it worth while inserting it, you may give my name as sub joins.—Yours, R. B. WARDLAW RAMSAY. 10th October, 1862. TO THE EDITOR Olr THE TIMES. Sir,—With reference to a correspondence which I ob served in the columns of the Tzmes on the above subject, I may mention a circumstance which lately occurred, and to which I can refer your correspondents. A. few years ago, during the blasting of a rock of stone underground in a coal mine at my property of Dundonald, in the county of Fife, a frog was found imbedded in a hole in the very heart of the solid rock. It was alive, but died almost immediately on being brought into contact with the atmosphere. I made inquiries into the subject, and having ascertained the facts, wrote a detailed account of the occur rence, which was sent to the (teologist, with a section of the position of the rock and all the other strata above it. The editor of that periodical inserted my account at full length, with the complimentary acknowledgment that the case was an interesting one. The frog being pronounced by an eminent professor as of "existing species" (though certainy to a casual observer a very remarkable specimen), a solution of the mystery by natural causes was given. On receiving that, I wrote, pro pounding a series of queries, which it appeared to me natu rally arose from such a solution. To those I received no answer, and on submitting them to a scientific gentleman in Edinburgh, to whom I entrusted the frog for exhi bition for a short time, I was informed that, as my queries could only be answered by an acknowledgement of the possibility, if not the certainty, of what the sevens make up their minds is quite impossible, the said queries were unanswerable, and therefore, silence was the most discreet thing. Nothing more, therefore, passed on the subject. I have at home copies of all the correspondence, with tha notes of the "Geologist," with reports of the various seion tific gentlemen appealed to, and I have also the animal whose appearance caused all this commotion in the scientific world. When it is evident that the explanation of an affair can not be given or attempted without upsetting the correct ness, or probable correctness, of the said solution, as was undoubtedly the case in this instance, it appears to me that savans, who sneer at the possibility of frogs being coeval with the strata in which they are found imbedded, afford themselves the very best evidence of the truth or possibi lity of what they so uniformly deny. Such an answer as, "The thing is impossible, and con trary to common sense, and therefore is inexplicable," ap pears to me a very absurd way of disposing of a question, however convenient it may be for science and scientific principles.—Your obedient servant, R. B. WARDLAW RAMSAY. Hunting has commenced with the late Prince Consort's harriers. A large number of hares have been netted in the Home Park, Windsor, and turned down as usual on the farms in the neighbourhood. It is expected that at the commencement of the next year the Prince of Wales will frequently hunt with the Royal pack.—Court Journal. THE COURT OF SESSION.—THE YELVEItTON CisE.--The extra sittings of the First Division of the Court of Session commence on Monday, 3d November, when the Yelverton case will be taken up, it being placed first on the roll. A serious military riot occurred at Edinburgh on Friday night. The police were attacked by a considerable body of the 25th, and a number of constables were very severely injured. PORTSMOUTH, Sunday Evening.—Wild and un• settled weather, with heavy squalls of wind and rain, has prevailed here since Wednesday, with the wind from W.N.W. to S.S. W., at which latter point it is now (6 p.m.) blowing a hard gale, accompanied with rain. One of Ne gretti and Zambra's sea coast barometers, kept on the Vic toria Pier, has showed the mercury during this time in a very unsettled state. On Thursday it rose a tenth from 30, but afterwards fell, and by 10 a.m., Friday, had reached 29.6. In the next 24 hours it merely rose and fell corres ponding tenths, but between 10 a.m. and 3 p.m. on Satur day it fell three-tenths, reaching 2945. From this point it made an upward movement, until this moming it had again reached 29.75, when it resumed its downward course, and uow marks again 29.45. There is every prospect of a dirty, tempestuous night in the Channel. No accounts of any serious casualties have yet been received. PLYMOUTH, Saturday Evening.—The steamship Minerva, Captain Telfer, which left London on Thursday morning for Genoa, have experienced very heavy weather from the southward and westward, put back to the Sound this afternoon. No damage. DISAPPEARANCE OF HUNGERFORD MARKET.— This once noted place of business has now become a thing of the past, the whole of the extensive range of buildings once bearing that name having been completely levelled with the ground. An ar( aof several acres (once covered with valu able houses and shops, the rental of which must have amounted to a large sum of money) has been cleared of the superincumbent buildings, while the demolition of property necessary for the construction of the Charing. cross Railway terminus is, perhaps, the largest that has ever occurred on an) one spot in the metropolis. These demolitions, at pre sent, give a very remarkable appearance to the site, the view from the river to the Strand being unimpeded. On the site of the market the brick arches which are to support the terminus are fast springing up, and the beams for the road way are being laid on the cross girders. BRINGING COTTON TO MARKET.—The plan for bringing forward to market the cotton of the South,alluded to a few days ago, is still under consideration. It is under stood that it has met the entirs approbation of the Secretary of the Treasury, and is regarded by all practical business men and financiers to whom it has been confided as the great desideratum of the country. If carried into effect it will enable the Government to furnish an average supply of cotton to foreign manufacturers, and to realise easily the means of paying the interest upon the public debt in coin or its equivalent. It will also enlist the interest of influential parties in the South in the maintenance of the Federal Union. It is the only measure that has yet been proposed calculated to touch the pocket nerve of the South, and to make Southern produce the means of sustaining public credit,— Washington Journal. A GENTLEMAN SWINDLER.—On Friday last a gentleman in appearance took up his quarters in one of our principal hotels, and made himself perfectly at home on Saturday, going out and in quite at his ease. He break fasted heartily on Sunday morning, and before going out ordered dinner against the hour of his returning, but that hour never came round, as, to use a trade expression, he had " sloped," nobody knew w here, without paying his bill, and leaving only a few well-worn articles of wearing apparel and a perfumery-case to remunerate mine host for his accommodation and careful attentions. His sudden departure would not have been of so great moment had he not purloined the cash. box of a commercial gentleman stay ing at the same hotel. The box had been placed by its owner on Saturday night, locked, in a leather hat-box in his bed-room. It was only on going to remove the box on Monday morning that the owner became aware of its re moval. It contained about £l4O in bills and money.— .Duntfries Standard. EXTRAORDINARY RISE OF THE TIDE AT LIVER POOL.--On Friday morning one of the most extraordinary tidal phenomena occurred on the Mersey, the circum- tances presenting most remarkable features, and well worthy the attention of the scientific world. According to the tide table, high water was at 25 minutes past 5 in the morning, previous to which the vessels in the river: (of which there was a considerable number) had their heads pointed down the river, towards the Fort and Rock Lighthouse. When the tide turned and was on the ebb, of course, their positions were reversed, the vessels pointing with their heads up the river, towards Garston and Runcorn. Half-an-hour after the ebb of the tide had commenced it again began to rise, and so continued until it had attained 18 inches above high water, the vessels in the river again swinging round with their bows to the entrance of the river, to the great astonish ment of all on beard the different ship% The phenomenon was witnessed by all the pier-head masters and many per sons on the different pier -heads, as well as by the boatmen on the river, and has since been the subject of much con versation among nautical men. This double rise of the tide cannot be attributable to the strong N.N.W. wind blowing at the time, and so forcing a large body of water into the Mersey, as we have had frequent gales from the same quarter, and such a singular circumstance was never witnessed before.—Liverpool Mercury. THE WEDDING AND THE WIDOW.—The mar riage of Lord Dufferin with Miss Hamilton is fixed to take place on the 23d inst. It is said that his lordship's mother, the widow of the late Lord Dufferin and Clandeboye, will now assume her right designation as the wife of the Earl of Gifford. We regret to hear that the noble earl still remains in a precarious state of health at Dufferin Lodge, Highgate. His sister, the Duchess of Wellington, and Lady Clifford are unremitting in their attentions. The Avvenire of Naples announces the discovery of a splendid edifice at Pompeii. It has a fine mosa i c pavement and is remarkable for the richness of its marbles of various colours. To protect the stucco of the walls from dampness, it is separated from the latter by sheets of lead, so that the beautiful frescoes with which ii is covered are in perfect preservation. Importing Tea without colour on the leaf pre vents the Chinese Pa , sing off inferior leaves as in ihe usual kinds. Horximan's Tea is uncoloured, therefore, alwa f 404 aßo t Sold in packets by 2,280 Agents. i, ATEsr NEWS. PARIS, OCT. 20. The itioniteur of this morning publishes the circular, dated 18th October, addressed by M. Drouyn do Lhuys to the diplomatic agents of France abroad. In this circular M. Drouyn de Lhuys points out in what spirit he has accepted the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and states that the policy of the Emperor indicated in his letter of the 20th May, recently published, has not changed, but remains animated by the same sentiments as heretofore for the two causes upon which he has lavished in equal measure proofs of his solicitude. The Minister concludes as follows : " The Emperor's Government will continue to devote all its efforts to the work of conciliation un dertaken in Italy, by entering into it without dis couragement as without impatience, and with a full sense both of the difficulties to be encountered and of the magnitude of its task." SPECIE FOR THE EAST. SOUTHAMPTON, OCT. 20, The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Rip .n, sailing at 2 p.m. to-day, for the East, takes out bar silver, value £138,250; dollars, £206,625; sovereigns, £39,468 ; gold coin, £46,729 ; silver coin, £5O. FRAN CE. The Moniteur publishes the following : " Napoleon by the grace of God and the national will, Emperor of the French. " To all present and future greeting : "On the report of our Minister of Foreign Affairs. "Have decreed and decree as follows; " Art. I. The Prince de la Tour d'Auvergne, our Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to his Majesty the King 01 Prussia, is appointed our Ambassador to the Holy See, in the stead of the Marquis de Lavalette, whose resignation is ac cepted. "Art. 11. Baron de Talleyrand-Perigord, ear Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to his Majesty the King of the Belgians, is ap pointed to the similar post at the Court of his Majesty the King of Prussia, in the stead of Prince de La Tour d'Auvergne. " Art. 111. Count de Sartiges, our Envoy Extra ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to his Ma jesty the King of the Netherlands, is appointed to the same poet at the Court of the King of Italy, in the place of M. Benedetti, called to other funotions. " Art. IV. M. Baudin, our Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to his Aajesty the King of Sweden and Norway, is appointed to the similar post at the Court of his Majesty the King of the Netherlands, in the place oI Count do Sar tiges. " Art. V. M. Fournier, Secretary, first class, is appointed our Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to his Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway, in place of M. Baudin. " Art. VI. Our Minister of Foreign Affairs is charged with the execution of the present decree. " Done at the Palace of St. Cloud, the 17th of October, 1862. " NAPOLEON. • " DROUYN DE LIIITYS." The Moniteur also publishes the following letter addressed by the Emperor to M. Thouvenel : " St. Cloud, Oct. 15, 1862. " My dear M. Thouvenel,—ln the very interests of the policy of conciliation which you have so honourably served (loyalement servie) I have been obliged to replace you in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, but, in deciding to separate myself from a man who has given me so many proofs of his devotion, I feel bound to say to him that my esteem and confidence in you have not undergone any alteration. " I am convinced that in any position you may occupy I may count upon your intelligence as well as upon your attachment, and I beg of you, on your part, to believe always in my sincere friendship. " NAPOLEON." BOURSE, October IS.—The market has been heavy, and the business done shows a slight decline on the closing rates of yesterday. Threes, for the Account, which opened at 7lfr. 20c. are now at 71fr. 15c. The Railway Share Market is pretty firm, but with only a moderate amount of business doing. The market closed as follows :- 4t per Cents 9B Do ead month — 3 per Cents Do. end month 7l 25 New 3 per Cents Do. end month — Credit Mobilier 1182 60 Do. end month — Bank Sh area 3240 Credit I' oncier 1245 ----- Piedmontese Fives 72 50 Italian Loan 72 75 Roman Austrian - Spani,h Threes 62 Home Debt RAIL' 'AIM. Cash. Account. Orleans 1045 .. 1047 50 Northern .... - .. 1096 25 New ditto Lyons and Mediterranean 1178 75 .. 1180 Geneva .. Southern - .. 881 25 Western Eastern .... Sardinian Austrian Enwhard North of Spain Saragossa 6lB 75 .. 620 Ditto to Barcelona 352 50 .. 355 ITALY. TURIN, OCT. 18. A report is in circulation that Monsignor Ciena• tiempo has succeeded in escaping from prison at Naples. OCT. 19. The news of the escape of M. Cienatiempo from prison is confirmed. The rumour of the resignation of the Cabinet la unfounded. It is asserted that the Italian Parliament will re.. assemble very shortly. The Discusstone of this evening, in an article en titled " Why we do not go to Rome," reviews the policy of Cavour, and then that of Ricasoli, "who," it continues, "even after the disagreement with the Emperor Napoleon, continued to delude Italy With the hope of a speedy evacuation of Rome. These precedents compelled Ratazzi from the beginning to follow the same course." GENOA, OCT. 19. The intelligence respecting the health of Garibaldi continues unsatisfactory. The Movimento of to-day denies the authenticity of the letter said to have been written by Garibaldi to the Swedes. The report of the Royal Mail Steam Company to be presented on Wednesday recommends the usual dividend of £2 per share. The passenger traffic has been favourably influenced by the emigration to British Columbia and the visits to the International Exhibition, but the receipts for freight on the Brazil route have been considerably dind" nished by the competition of the French steamers—a corn' petition which must also be anticipated to affect seriously the West India route, when the line from France to that station shall have been fully established. The company's contract with the Government will expire at the end of nest year, and tenders for the new service are to be sent in on Saturday week. The directors, therefore, crre giving anxious attention to this question, but do not intend to attempt to obtain a renewal on any but remunerative terms. GAS PRICES AND GAS DIVIDENDS.—It is quite consistent with this difference that the London paid only 6 per cent„ and the South Metropolitan paid 10. But sea how this affects the consumer—the London goes on in the old way as to the price of gas, the South Metropolitan ha s reduced the price at the rate of 2d. per 1,000 feet. So the ratio of capital to rental is as much an affair for the coo" sumer as for the shareholder. The London charges 4s. 6c1.1 55., and 6s. ; the South Metropolitan, 3s. 10d. The CO'" panies which employ the highest proportions of capital are the London, the capital of which compared with receipts i$ as 5-16 to 1; the City of London, 5 to 1; the Pheenix and, the Western 4-4 to I. On the other hand the smallest p r °, tions of capital are to be found iu tha Great Central, 3 r 9. to 1; the Chartered, 3-9 to 1; the Independence, 3-4 to 1 0 : and the South Metropolitan, 3 to. Of course, in some ei st i ly thantr ct s t n h o e t working he rs gas company will be more co s__. Toofcoanvey gas long distances to small Y u , tions of consumers will absorb a larger proportion of capita l as compared with receipts than the supply of a crowde d district, where all the consumers are large consurner.fieaur_. lie close together. But we cannot see that this considera tion for the percentage of the cost of management to gal ..v e , tion will in the end explain all the discrepancies ()laser vabrlef. oeipts was, in the London, which pays the smallest_th_sito deud, 61, and in the South Metropolitan, 10,—Cit, .tcri