The Sun. — London, England, 1862-02-20 00:00:00

.FROM AMERICA TO CANADA. (Front the Special Coreespondent of the Times.) TORONTO, FEB. 1. Snow and frost and biting winds in New Yoik reached, as the telegraph told us, to the heart of the Federal Camp on the Potomac. With many feet of congealed mud beneath his army in narrow paths and uncertain " corduroy" roads, it seemed little probable that one so prudent as General M'Clellan would trust to the chance of the thermometer being above 32 degrees the fate of a movement on which would depend the fortunes of tha United States. The difference of a degree might make or mar the hour and the man, and all they con cerned here. In Kentucky mud was master, The Americans are fond of comparisons, and no wonder. Why should they not measure by the standard of the Old World, from which they came, all the men and deeds of that New World which, as yet, has created no standard of its own ? If the lines of the defensive works uround Washington, which is not menaced at all, must be compared to those of Torres Vedras ; if Beauregard, who is not attacking, and is not supe rior in force, is to be compared to Massena, who was both, why not admit that the mud in Virginia is as deep as the mud in the Crimea ? Mulligan's defence of Lexington—and far be it from me to deny its gallantry—has been compared to that of Saguntum and of Saragossa. Zagonyi's charge has been likened to that of the Light Brigade. Pillow's re tirement has found its prototype in Napoleon's fare well at Fontainebleau, The army of the Potomac has been discovered to bear for future development all the tremendous powers of that magnificent orga nisation of forces which smote Prussia and Austria to the earth at Jena and Austerlitz, and was snapped in the frosts of Russia. Bull's Run has been but a panic such as the French and English had many times, and notably the former in the Italian War. Let the mud of Virginia and Kentucky be as the mud of Balaklava and Kamiesh was. Whatever General M'Clellan may have in view, it is obvious he does not so much aspire to be one of thefulmina belli as to earn the fame of him qui cunctande restituit rem. It may easily be imagined that if there was a Roman Chase in those days he preferred Scipio to Fabius, as his Treasury bills were much lighter. The American's Carthage is far away, and at most he must be content to find its outworks in Canada. Let us at once say that Mr. Seward no more thinks of annexing Canada than he dreams of taking India ; but let us by no means forget that in the only wars which we had with our rebellious colonies and the great empire, which the success of the first insurrection produced, Canada was a special object of attacks, which were signally defeated. History records few encounters more fiercely con tested, less decisive, more sanguinary, than those between the British and Americans in the last war in Canada, which ended in the retreat of the latter, not without laurels, nor without the fame won by their prowess on the lakes ; but, great as has been the increase of the United States since that un happy period, it must be remembered that Canada has, in spite of a frost-bound, harbourless coast in winter, made the most extraordinary advances, and that of late years she has excelled her formidable neighbour in the rapid augmentation of her people, which, in such a country, is an increment of wealth. Of course it was to be expected that the United States, in the spirit of Mr. Seward's circular, would turn their attention to the Canadian frontier, not forgetting that in war works of defence are certain bases of offensive operations. An able and accom plished officer, well known to our engineers, Colonel Totten, aided by an adequate staff, has been exa mining the United States frontier. Gen. M'Clellan has been recommending or suggesting various steps to strengthen it. Sums of money have been appro priated to works for the purpose. General Scott, who is intimately acquainted with the country in which lie the fields of Chippewa and Lundy's Lane, and in reference to which in the boundary discus sions he acquired still more knowledge and earned the regard and esteem of our officers for his concilia tory attitude, and the name of the " Pacificator," is said to be the author of a most elaborate scheme for operations in case of a campaign against Canada. It is obvious enough that the defence of the whole frontier, so as to make it impermeable, is not to be effected, but there are certain important points on the lakes and along the rivers which should be made secure as matters of the first necessity, and the more permanent works can be multiplied the nearer will be the approach to safety, so long as they are pro perly garrisoned. The greatest defect in our pre sent position lies in the exposure of the road to Riviere du Loup to any enemy in the adjoining territory of Maine. The Grand Trunk of Canada rail is perilously near the banks of the St. Lawrence. The Welland Canal is now at the mercy of any hostile band which may make a dash at it. De prived, by our famous "capitulation" and by the suppressio yeri practised upon our diplomatists, of our proper territory, the security of the Canadas can be gnawed in two at any moment by the pro jecting incisor tooth of Maine. If Halifax is to be our only accessible port in many months of the year, it is necessary to make a road which shall be safe and sufficiently far from the possible enemy, that troops moving along it in lengthened sleigh trains shall not be exposed to destruction. But reserving the consideration of the roads and communications in Canada for a future letter, the interest deservedly taken in such a vast territory, ample enough to furnish kingdoms for all the unprovided princes of the world, induces me to describe what I see in the shot t tour I am about to make ere I return to Wash ington, or proceed to whatever place may be the seat of active war when the weather permits. The military importance attached to Canada, and the in flux of British troops, directed with so much rapidity and against such adverse circumstances into the Provinces, combined with the daily "all quiet along our lines" of Washington, and the fitful character of proceedings elsewhere, were inducements strong enough to overcome the small disayremens of winter travel in a country where the thermometer shows a preference for zero. The condition of the streets in New York last Monday prepared one for frost and snow in perfection, and had induced a large exhibi tion of sleighs ; but when we started in the evening by the Hudson River Railway for Albany, there was nothing to warn us that the line was inter rupted, or that there would be any detention of the train. As the open country was gained, however, the snow was found to lie thicker, and three engines attached to a light train could .carcely drag us faster than a canter. Four hours is the ordinary time for the journey from New York to Albany; but, instead of arriving at half-past 9 or 10 at ' the train did not reach the terminus till 3 ° l ; el cok the following morning. The carriages are, ...2 7 "er, so heated by stoves and the crowd of pas sengers, who regard opening a window as an out rage on society, that little inconvenience is expe rienced froraeo:ld, ever It tm a may be and are the discomfo r t s and little miseries of another kind incidental to rail way travel in America. lam not going to utter a rd about expectoration or parabolic dischar ges of saliva, for no one can say w hat influence may not have over the human frame and habits, and I have met with Englishmen who were as remarkabl e f or t h e di sp l ay of such phe me few years' nona after a .ew yea' residence th e country as any of the nativ„, h en a man lives for sev eral hours to gether on vvo a nd7ed "gum drops," apples, wa t e r, and tobacco, it is not to be b licn at if the results are abnormal. The rep plicity of the railway car c er tainly places 81In rich and poor on a dead level of uncomfortableness, and the Introduction of sleeping cars, by which th ose Nolo can afford to pay for it have accommodations not a fforded to people who cannot do so , destroys the theory on which the Americans vindicate their doe happiness of the greatest trine of the greatest unhappiness number of travellers. I n trains where no sleeping cars are provided, or where all are full, the fatigue t with no support for the of travelling bolt nprigh , head, can only be imagined by those who have gone in a third-class Parliamentary train from London to Aberdeen. And then to be bedless at Albany—to cross the frozen Hudson in a sleigh, and to stand in mild submission and teeth-chattering cold at the bar or office of the Delaware-house, trying to catch the the eallQ4a elerk, who regards the crowd with Imperial indifference over the handle of his deeply-fixed toothpick, and to melt him by a smile into the concession of a bedroom ! Ws at tyrants they all are! What poor slaves are the American people! They may abjure kings and princes, but they are ruled by h o t e lk eepers an d wa i ters. With money in my purse, I could get nor bite nor sup in all this capital of the Empire State, and it was only by the research of a companion we procured aplace to lie upon. The table d'hote system of America strikes a deadly blow at self-respect, independence, and freedom of opinion. You are tyrannised over so much that at the very door of the saloon you are seized by a waiter and placed in a particular chair, and if you don't eat then you must be content to re main hungry till the next meal arrives. However, I must get on borne way to Canada now. Next morning I went on by the train to Buffalo, and reached the American side of the Falls after midnight. The coun try lay deep under snow, and the noise of the cataract was muffled in the heavy vapours,which grew thicker and denser iu the morning, and at last turned into a drizzling sleet, mixed with rain. There are few visitors to Niagara in winter. The hotels are closed, only one or two of an inferior order are kept open for country use. As I had seen an announcement in the papers some time ago that " Niagara Falls" were " for sale," I was glad to observe the pro prietor had not introduced any change into the scenery. Winter, indeed, had wrought with it in his own severely chaste, yet grand old style. The trees, indeed, are not weighed down with masses of ice, but the branches are covered with snow, which lay a foot deep over the plains, the banks, and Goat Island, polished like steel by the freezing rain, sa that it was not safe to approach the edge of the Falls over the glistening surface. It has been often said that Niagara looks finer in winter than in sum mer. It may be so when all the trees are heavy with enormous icicles after long-continued frost, but as I saw it at the close of last Jane, Niagara was to me more impressive than it was this week in its early winter garbof snow. The water, instead of bright green, was of a brownish hue, which was owing, the guide said, to the small tributaries being "riled" by the recent rains. The whiteness of the foam and the frothing jets of the Fall is dimmed by that of the snow, and they look dull and opaque by the contrast. Immense icicles fringed the rocks at the sides of the Fall, and the masses of limestone which have fallen at the American side, and rise up above the boiling whirlpools, were covered with a spongelike coating of snow and frozen spray, which assumed strange shapes, and here and there hung over them like the skin of monstrous Polar bears. Our small party crept cautiously over the ice in our water dresses and got behind the Fall on the English side, but the ice and snow blocked up the way a few yards inside, and the falling icicles crashing down from time to time did not tend to prolong our visit. Far be it from me to attempt here a description of Niagara. In my present duty I was more called upon to consider it as a mi litary position. Close to ns were the plains of Chip pewa and the pillar which marks the battle-field of Lundy's-lane—two most desperate encounters between the Americans and the British in the last war, attended with extraordinary slaughter in pro portion to the number engaged. The Americans could cross into Canada below Buffalo now as readily as before. Since then there has leapt across the St. Lawrence, two miles below the Falls, the beautiful creation of Roebling—the most light, graceful, and daring work of the kind in the world—the fairy queen of suspension bridges. What barbarism it would be to destroy it ! The very water that rolls through that fearful gorge in the wildest fury would cry out against it; and yet, unless some express agreement were come to, in event of hostilities any bombardier who could fire a field-piece might shiver the iron cobweb to pieces. At present these passes are important, mainly on account of facilities afforded for desertion. The town of Niagara is full of pia cards for Maccomb's regiment. They are offered 13 dols. a month, clothing, outfit, medical attendance, 100 dols. bounty at the end of the war (in small print) " on honourable discharge," and 120 acres of land ! Every inducement will be held out to get our non- commissioned officers over, but, if I am tojudge from what I have heard, several of our old soldiers in the Federal army say they will not be at all satis fied with the change in their conditions, in spite of pay and food, because they find such a want of order in their new service. Steps are taken to watch the trains and the passengers, but if the men are bent on going it will be difficult to prevent them. As yet the desertions have been very few. Between the railway station and the town on the American side is a collection of the most wretched-looking wooden shanties. Our conductor, a good specimen of the native American—clever, shrewd, and vigorous— told us they belonged to the Irish, whom he spoke of very much as a farmer would speak of his pigs. "We put them out there," said he, "because they were too dirty in their habits to be let stop in the town. When the cholera broke out we just shipped off every soul of them, and located them there, with the order to allow so much space betwee every house; but, hang them, you see how they've huddled together again." Evidently inferior crea tures ; but they had probably built most of the town and of the railroad to. A man of the class of oar conductor never works at any thing of the sort. Next morning we proceeded across the bridge into Canada, and were made aware that we were in another country by the formulas of the Custom house, which were very courteously and civilly per formed by the tams. Some two hours and a half brought us to Hamilton, which has been assigned as the head-quarters of the battalion of the Rifle Brigade assigned for duty in the province. A pretty custom-house in cut-stone, from which floated the Union Jack—the first I have set eyes on for many a long month—flanks the entrance from the railway station to the long straggling town, which but for that token might be taken to bo in the United States. Indeed, the influence of the Re public extends some way into the dominions of her Majesty. The people in the carriages were reading the paltry pictorial papers which do so much to deprave the taste of the Americans and to unsettle their notions in perspective and in material forms, or were deep in the pirated editions of English works which constitute the staple trade of the mass of "enterprising publishers." The New York papers were the only journals hawked about for sale in the train. The sides of the carriages were covered with New York and Boston advertisements. Not a smack of Canada in book, or print, or journal, or trade could be detected ; but in conversation it was widely different, and all the gentlemen with whom I conversed had but one view iu reference to the recent breach of amicable understanding be tween Great Britain and the United States. At the hotel in Hamilton we found a number of offi cers engaged in preparing for the detachment of the Rifle Brigade, just expected. The Canadian winter dress is becoming and not unserviceable— a round fur cap of gray Astrachan with flat top a long overcoat, braided, and faced on collar and cuffs with gray lamb's-wool of the same sort as the cap; long boots to the knee. The soldiers wear long boots, thick warm coats, fur caps, and gloves. It was delightful to learn there was no grumbling ; the arrangements for the voyage and the transit across New Brunswick were admitted to be excellent. At Hamilton there was some little difficulty in obtaining quarters for the men who 1411 t eumlug up uy rail, and it was feared they would arrive before their beds were 'ready. The major of brigade, Capt. M'Donald, was busily en gaged with Dr. lanes (one of the "men of Delhi ") in getting ready reoms for them, assisted by Lieut. Stevenson, of her Majesty's 30th. Major General Russell has gone to London, attended by some other Officers, to look after the arrangements for winter ing the troops in that town, and altogether it looks asiC the men would be very comfortable, notwith standing Fome small difficulties at first in obtaining adequate a ccommodation for them. There is no Power to s • absurd sums billet troops in C'lll are not adapt e d . Ida The large houses for tochreir use when they hear they are barracks, and the owners ask required by the Toronto. Here her In' At 5 o'clock we reached but the defences of the jpeis4's 30th are in garrison, ee rn are in a most unsatis factory condition, although t American compli deed, created, since the receD eh improved, or, in cation. LEVEE OF AN AMERICAN SECRETARY (From the _Philadelphia Inquirer, Jan. 28.) To-day was the first day that it was generally understood by the people that any one could get to see the new Secretary of War, without an intro duction or having to wait in the lobby a week or two, as suited the convenience of some petulant doorkeeper, or, as a military man would say, the outer pickets. Mr Stanton occupies the room for merly used by the previous administrations, at the head of the stairs in the second story. The adjoin ing room is used by Mr. Watson,assistant-secretary. , In this room Mr. Stanton receives the crowd ; in the centre is a table at which his amanuensis, Mr. Moore, sits, and in the corner is Mr. Watson at his desk. The clock strikes ten, the awaiting crowd rush in as the doors swing open, and, being among them, we soon find ourselves in the presence of the Secretary. Now one stands in front of him, and, with a smiling countenance, he reaches out his hand and takes a hearty grip with a grey-haired man. " Nell, sir, what is your wish ?" " My name is --; my son fought at Springfield, and was wounded in the arm; he was on Fremont's staff, but is now without a commission ; I want one for him that he may again try his other arm here on the Potomac or in Missouri." " You shall have it, sir," replied Mr, Stanton, and turning to his secretary, ordered him to note the case. " Return home," he added, " the papers will be sent you ;" and as the man at tempted to thank him, he stepped to one side to two ladies who had just come in. " Madam, what can I do for you ?" "Want a clerkship for my son ; his father was killed at the battle of Belmont." Turn ing again he noted the case, took the address, told the lady to send to him a sample of her boy's writ ing, and ho would care for him. The other was connected with the Minnesota regiment over the river, and had some complaint about the treatment she had received in camp from some of the officers. " Madam, you must go to the headquarters of Ge neral M'Clellan." " I have been there, sir, and they would not read my papers or listen to my case." " Then give them to me, and I'll see why." A small, bright-eyed boy, alone, was trying to work his way through the crowd, and the Secretary turned to him and asked what he wanted. " I want my father got out, sir; he was taken at Bull Run, and has not come home with the rest." He gave his name and regiment ; it was noted, and the Sec retary, lifting him up, kissed him upon the fore head, and said—" Your father should be proud of such a noble boy, and I'll see that he is released." A man with a half military dress says he has been wronged by the Examining Board, and has been deprived of the command of his regiment (a Philadelphia cavalry regiment). "Sorry, sir, if it is not all right ; I cannot go back to investigate the acts of my predecessor." The colonel insisted that his case was a plain one, if he could be heard. "Well," said the Secretary, "if you will get the officers to reconsider it, I will then listen to it." An individual has some new invention for fire arms; "Go to the Ordnance Department and get them to investigate it, and if they will recommend it, I will be glad to see it adopted." A colonel with a green uniform on has some passes he wants to read. " Are you an army officer ? "Yes, sir." " Then you cannot be heard until to-morrow —come and see me then." A large and well-dressed man wanted a word i n private. " What about ?" Some little matter about a contract he had for horses. " Cannot interfere, sir—go to Gen. Aleigs. If there is anything wrong he will rectify it." Another succeeds in getting him off to the side of the room, and the conversation is inaudible until the Secretary replied, ; " No, sir, on no account will I interfere in any contract, while I am here, for anything from a thimble up. There are men appointed to attend to that department, and I shall hold them to a strict accountability for every action." Two soldiers wanted to be paid for the time they were in confinement at Richmond, having just been released, and presented a furlough they had received a week ago, and also an order for their pay for time and rations. "Why do you not take this to Major Beck with, and have him attend to it ?" " We did, sir, and ho says ho has no order that will cover our ease, and for want of 'farms' we are afraid we will be kept here until our time is up, and we want to go home and see the folks before going at it again." Turning to his secretary, he ordered him to write to Major Beckwith, and order him to report forth with in writing why these men were not paid up, instead of being kept waiting. It was done ; he signed it himself, and said, '° Here, take that to him and bring an answer." A Western man, who said he hailed from the Re serve in Ohio, had about a dozen quires of paper written over two or three times, which he said was an " Essay on Cheese." The Secretary laughed. "You must go to the Commissary-General ; he has charge of the feeding of the army." " I have been at first one and another all summer, and somehow or other I do not get any further ahead, and that is why I want you to investigate it ;" and lie com menced to unroll his papers. " Indeed, Sir, I do not know how cheese would agree with the soldiers." "That's just why I want you to read these papers and examine these certificates." " But I have not time, Sir." All hands commenced laughing, but the Ohio man stuck it out bravely. " I assure you there is not a soldier in the army who does not like crackers and cheese, and I can make it for three cents a pound." "Now, I tell you what you had better do—go to Senator Wilson and tell him to put it in his bill ; it will then pass the Senate and be come an army regulation to give out cheese rations." " Well, could you not endorse it, and then it would be sure to be passed "No, I cannot endorse it, because I know nothing about it." " Oh, well, I will leave these papers," and he made for the table. " I will never read them if you do, until the mar is over." With a look of despair Ohio made for the door, inquiring of every one he met if they knew where Senator 'Wilson lived Judge Wilkins, of Pittsburg, here came in, re ceived a hearty shako of the hand, and a number of congratulations passed between them. The door keeper of the little room announced the President, and off the Secretary went to see him. He soon returned, however. In came Major Beckwith, with the note sent by the returned prisoners. " Why are those men kept waiting "' " Because I have no order for their special case." " Mr. Wilson, issue an order that will cover all prisoners that may be released in future, and allow them full pay for every day they are confined in rebel prisons. Major, I have just learned there are over 150 now waiting for their pay ; every man must be paid to day, and speed them on to their homes." A tall man wants a commission in the regular army. " Have you been in any battle yet, Sir ?" " I was in the Mexican war." " That won't do, that is too far back." " I was at Great Bethel." " That is better. I will examine your record my self and inform you if you are appointed." A stout healthy young man wanted a commission or clerkship. " Have you been in any battle ?'' "No, Sir." " Then it will be of no use to apply, for I shall make all my appointments from the list of heroes; those who fight the country's battles must be cared for first." Another wanted an appointment as quartermas ter. " There are my recommendations, Sir, and I would be glad if you can read them." " I cannot do it now, I have not the time ; but I will examine mem." very well," replied the would-be guar. termaster ; " just read them. If you have any better man, according to those papers, let him have the office ; in that case I don't want it." A gentleman stepped up who appeared to be an intimate friend of the Secretary. "Ah !" said the Secretary, " I am glad to see you ; I have not seen you since we met at Wheeling a few years ago.'' He replied that he had been engaged upon the North-West Boundary question, and would like to have some conversation about it. "Ah !" said the Se cretary, " I will appoint a time to see you, and have the whole matter talked over, for I wish to know all about it." A man in citizen's clothes wanted an appointment in the army. " Well," said the Secretary of War, gi what are your claims " " I was aide-de-camp to Colonel Geary at the fight of Bolivar, and I am re commended for the appointment by the President." 4 , All right," said Air. Stanton, "I will attend to your case." Individual insisted upon having a pro mise, inasmuch as he " had got the indorsement of . , , • -1!• • tz4.4•;. ,, .. , /„. fHE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVE NI NG, FE BRUARY 20, 180, the President." " The President, Sir, is a very ex cellent man, and would be glad if he had an ap pointment for every man who applied, which unfortunately for his good nature, is not the case." " Well, Si?, I am from St. Louis; I am a Union man, and I must go home, I suppose." " Well, if I can do anything for you, I will write to you there." A soldier, in the uniform of a sergeant, handed in a recommendation for a first lieutenancy in an artillery corps. " Well," said the Secretary, " have you ever smelt powder in battle ?" " Not exactly, Sir; but I have always been ready. I was in the Mexican war." " Can't help the Mexican war," said Mr. Stanton ; " that is too far back. Have you been in any engagement in this war ?" " No, Sir; all I want is a chance to get in one. You can appoint me, and if you don't like it I won't charge h cent extra pay, if I can only get the com mission." The Secretary laughed, said his case would be considered, and ho would be informed, if the appointment was made. Another gentleman, who also appeared to be a friend of the Secretary, came in. Said he, " I want to see you." " Come to my room, and I will fix an hour when you can come, and we will talk over matters." They disappeared for a few moments, and, as they returned, ex-Senator Crittenden greeted him. He congratulated Mr. Stanton on the country receiving his services, for which Mr. Stanton thanked him, and said he hoped to be an instrument of aid to his country, but he should look to him and others for counsel in guiding his steps. " Any time, Mr. Crittenden, day or night, any hour, I shall be glad to see you. You are always welcome; come and see me." A young man wants a clerkship. " Sorry, Sir, there are no vacancies for the position you wish, and I have had over 30 applications already for it. I can do nothing for you." An officer who was on Sickles's staff wanted an order or some means whereby he could get his pay. He said that he had been in service several months, and could draw no pay. "It is inconvenient, no doubt, to be without money," replied Mr. Stanton, "and I will immediately order that your case be attended to." And so it went on for five hours, in which he saw and heard all who came, pleasantly ; and none went away but were pleased with their entertain ment, and most of them had their hearts made glad. Over 200 were listened to in this short time. TRADE MARKS. Mr. Roebuck and Mr. Gibson have started on a rival crusade of no little difficulty. False marks are as old as the world, and so also is the task of distinguishing them from the true, of stigmatising and rejecting them. It is the universality of false pretence in every possible form that baffles the en deavours of poor, naked, unarmed Truth. The law can dial with extreme cases, and can make an ocea• sional example, and can give a sort of practical sanction to right moral feeling on the subject, but for one imposture it detects and punishes it must leave a thousand triumphant and prosperous. Mr. Roebuck's cases are, of course, tangible and perhaps accessible. The forgery of a mark on a pair of scissors, on a wrapper or a reel of thread, ou g ht, one would think, to be ascertainable and punish able as the forgery of a bank - note or a signatu re . But, supposing the legal remedy to be provided by a penal statute and a system of registration, or any other appliance, it is immediately found that the principle carries us very far. Legislation finds itself out of its depth very soon. Anybody may assume a name, or may chance to have one ready made to the purpose. There may be two firms in one city, in one street, with the same name; the one of the most scrupulous honour, the other ready to pass off an inferior article when it can, and re spectable only by a confusion of names. The name of a town may be a mark, as that of Sheffield used to be in comparison with that of a great Midland rival. It is fraudulent, but could never be punish able, to represent goods made at one place as the products of another. If the way of getting up a thing appears to be associated with its success, that is imitated ; yet the shape of a packet, its colour, its size, and its decorations could never be reached by law. Imitation pervades all arts and manufac tures. We have metals to imitate silver and gold; mixed fabrics to imitate worsted and silk; small quantities made to do the duty of great ; fugitive colours pretending to last ; and copies of patterns as good as the original. You may imitate anything, from a sheet of " Bath paper" to a volume of ser mons, from a bird's egg to a monster nugget of gold. What is a felt carpet so printed as to look woven design but an imposture P Thena nlboaamera may y y only mean a process of manufac ture. One used to see in the shops what was called " Durham mustard." It was only mustard in which the flour had been separated from the husk, the process being first practised at Durham. Is a thel sea bun, or a Banbury cake, or a Pontefract cake an imposture because it is not made at these places P How are we to ascertain the original house, or firm, or family that discovered these modes of combining pastry with sweets? A law of Trade Marks rigidly enforced would produce internecine war between twentyseven houses at Cologne. Champagne is now made everywhere, from all materials, and in ail sorts of ways. The late Sir Robt. Peel's grandfather used to be called "Parsley Peel," from a white parsley sprig on a blue ground which was once the favourite print, and which, though now obtainable, we should think, at sd. a yard, was once sought eagerly at half-a-crown. No doubt, it has been borrowed and imitated enough. What are we to say to painters who fall into a style, and borrow marka uncon sciously ? All these are the difficulties of the legis lative task. In many cases the injury is slight, or it is only that universal injustice which truth suffers at the hands of error or hypocrisy, There are great and crying frauds which amount to robberies on a large scale. These the law ought to reach, for wherever there is a palpable wrong there ought to be a remedy. Two measures are now before the world, and a select committee will soon winnow these and a good many more. As we are told that something must be done, that great houses are suffering loss, that the public are imposed on, and the credit of the country injured abroad, Parliament ought to legis late if only to satisfy people of the importance of legislation. It is the duty of a Government to stigmatise injurious practices, even if it can do no more. The great majority of people do not know right from wrong till they smart for the wrong, or see others smart for it. It is vain to expect that education will ever reach errors the very existence of which is outside show and a confusion of right 1 with wrong. The whole frame of things is knit with fraud in one form or another. It is the task of the lawgiver to stamp the truth in action, as he does the true metal, or the right weight and measure, He mint try it, even if he fail. As the imposture always pretends to be truth and borrows its marks, so the first effect of a law is to furnish fresh means of deception. The falsest thing that ever existed can appeal to the law for protection against another falsehood. Au importure:can easily claim a province to which it has no more right than any other manufacture of equal or greater merit. But when we aro told, and no doubt told with much reason, that registration is necessary to the working of a law, that at onee b r i ngs us t o th e very verge o f that abyss, the Law of Patents, and reminds us, too, of various schemes of registration for that and other purposes. A thousand bubble schemes have been palmed on the simple for solid realities, on the strength of their being registered according to the terms of an Act of Parliament ; though if the scheme had been only a proposition to bottle up summer heat for winter supply it could not have been re fused registration. The shops are full of trifles registered, though with no originality and very little merit. But, there are worse results, akin to these, which clog invention under the Patent Laws. ' What if an infinity of trade marks were to be regis tered,mainly to occupy th e groun d, even though the ark could hardly be said to represent an article in actual vogue and known to trade? Iu this way a manufacturer might find himself trespassing on the rights of some emblem which existed only in the records of an office or on the upper shelves of a back shop. There is both intentional imitation and inevitable following ; and, if many an original writer has felt a passing wish that nobody had ever written before him, there is not a branch of art or manufacture in which the inventor is not closely elbowed by a crowd of too successful predecessors. After all, the public must prote©t themselves, and this is one of the many points in which a man does a great service to society by doing his duty to him self. It is everybody's duty to deal with honest men, and to make every possible distinction between honest men and rogues. There is a certain class of shops that nobody would enter except in a spirit of enterprise, and under some undefined hope of cheat ing those whom he knows to be resolved on cheating him. This is much the same thing as frequenting a gambling table, and is an occasion on which the sim ple, the inexperienced, and the sanguine are almost sure to be taken in. They who change their trades men often and needlessly, who allow themselves to be allured by special promises, and who have a taste for bargains, are in the way to encourage some form of dishonesty. No legislation will ever compel that honesty which must still be a free choice, or super sede that discrimination which must still be a duty and a trial, Parliament will never be able to do for people what they have to do for themselves. It may try, and, indeed, it ought to do what can be done ; but if it succeeds—if the bill to be passed this Ses sion has any effect at all—it will be found to re quire early revision, and to have only broken the ground in its campaign with imposture. The work is a wide one. The English are not an original people. We apply, we improve, we multiply, we facilitate, but we are not inventive in the sense of the French or some other countries. We shall soon find that we do but sanction against ourselves any severe law we may choose to direct against conti nental fabricators. It will, toe, take a wide range of vision to forsee how far a rigorous law will take us in our own country.—Times. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. NORTHERN CIRCUIT.—LANCASTER, FEB. 18. (Before Mr. Justice Willes.) Robert Winstanley surrendered at the sitting of the Court this morning to take his trial upon a charge of the manslaughter of Thomas Marsden, on the 23d of January last. Mr. Kay and Mr. Pope appeared for the prose cution ; and Mr. Serjeant Wheeler and Mr. Roberts for the defence. It appeared from the case for the prosecution that the deceased was a groom in the service of Mr. Wood, of Brinscall, whom he accompanied to the Chorley railway station, near Preston, on the morn ing in question, The booking-office was on the town side of Chorley ; and trains passing to Preston set out on that side, and trains passing to Manches ter leave from the opposite side, and it is necessary to cross the line in order to get to the passenger train. The deceased's master was going to Man chester, and had with him some parcels, which he gave to the deceased to carry for him across the line to the passenger train, and as the deceased was in the act of crossing the engine struck him, and he was run cyer and killed. The prosecutica relied on a rule of the company applicable to engine-drivers which provides as fol lows :—" The engine-man must carefully approach all stations at which he is required to stop, and not overrun the platform; and . . .is to ase parti cular caution in passing stations where he has not to stop; and, should a train be stopping on the opposite line of a station, he must, in addition, make constant use of his whistle." It was on that part of the rule which relates to the " whistling" that the prosecution mainly relied, and it was sought to be established that the defendant did not commence whistling early enough to warn persons of his approach, and that in not doing so he was culpably negligent, and thus led by his act to the death of the decased, Mr. Serjeant Wheeler addressed the jury, and contended that there was no case upon which they could convict, and that the deceased, by using no care whatever in crossing the line, was contributing to his own death. "The learned Judge having carefully summed up the case, directing the jury that they must be reasonably satisfied that the prisoner had acted with culpable negligence in order to find him guilty, The jury deliberated for a few minutes, and re turned a verdictof Not Guilty. Thos. Woodhouse, Wm. Woodhouse, and Thos. Parkinson were indicted for assaulting Matthew Goth, with intent to murder, disable, and do griev ous bodily harm. Mr. Higgin and Mr. Edwards prosecuted ; Mr. Pope defended the prisoners. Matthew Gotb, the person assaulted, it appeared, is gamekeeper in the employment of Mr. Garnett, of Quernmore-puk, near Lancaster. On the night of the 22d of October last he was out watching on a part of Mr. Garnett's estate called Cornhill meadow. While there his attention was attracted by something white moving on the edge of the field ; this shortly appeared to be a man, who was followed closely by two others. They came in the direction of the place where Goth was lying, and when they got within a short distance of him he jumped to his feet and accosted them. After some words the three men attacked him with heavy sticks which each had in his hand, Thos. Woodhouse call ing out, " Murder the -." Ultimately Goth was felled to the ground, and while there was severely beaten on the head and arms by all the men. Richard Parkinson, according to Goth's account, then took hold of Goth's scarf, and twisted it upon his neck till he became unconscious. When Goth recovered consciousness he made the best of his way to the Hall, bleeding violently and faint with loss of blood. The inmates of the Hall assisted him, and procured a surgeon to dress his wounds. These were, in the surgeon's opinion, very dangerous, and Goth was, in consequence, confined to the house for more than a fortnight. Goth swore positively to the three prisoners at the bar as the men who had assaulted him ; but it appears that before the apprehension of Wm.Wood house and Parkinson, Goth had given other names to the police than those of these last prisoners, and two other men had been art ested on his information. Other witnesses were called, who swore to having seen the three prisoners going together in the direc tion of Quernmore-park on the evening in question; and a dog found by Goth in the field, when he re covered from his swoon after the assault, was proved to have been sold to Thomas Woodhouse shortly before Oct. 22d. The learned Judge directed the jury's attention to the count charging an assault with intent to do grievous bodily harm, and summed up the evidence. The jury retired, and after a short absence re turned a verdict against Thomas Woodhouse of guilty of unlawfully wounding, and a verdict of not guilty as to the other two prisoners, of whose iden tity they were not satisfied. Thomas Woodhouse was sentenced to 15 months' imprisonment with hard labour. (Before Mr. Justice Mellor.) Robert Thistlethwaite, a coal carrier, aged 41, was indicted for assaulting with intent to ravish Mrs. Nancy Bond, the wife of a labourer, at Ireby, on 20th Jan. last. There were other counts charg ing him with an indecent assault and a common as sault. Mr. Bradley prosecuted, and Mr. C. Foster de fended the prisoner. It appeared that the prisoner, about 5 o'clock on the night of the 20th Jan. last, called on a Mrs. Briggs, who lived at Cowan-bridge, where ho met the prosecutrix, Mrs. Nancy Bond, a good-looking young married woman ; he asked her if she would ride home in his cart, as his way home to a lane I called Masengate-lane, a distance of about two miles, was the same as hers. At that time the prisoner had had a glass of whisky given to him, which he com plained had got into his head. Mrs. Bond accepted his offer and got into his cart at the town end. They were overtaken about half a mile out of the town by two men named Freeman and Shuttleworth, who were leaving their work as platelayers, and one of whom lifted his bundle into the cart. These men followed after the cart about half a mile, till the prisoner told them to take their bundle out and walk on, which they did. The prosecutrix swore that while thus riding in the cart the prisoner had attempted to take indecent liberties with her, and that she had begged him to desist and resisted all attempts at familiarity. When they got to the tollbar, about two miles from Cowan-bridge, the gate was shut, and prisoner got down out of the cart and went into the toll house, telling the prose cutrix to conceal her face with an empty coal sack. As soon as he had gone into the house she got down out of the cart and went on the road as fast as she could. The prisoner then came after her, cantering his horse, and overtook her and wanted her to ride again, which she refused to do. He then got down out of the cart and, getting hold of her by the shoulders, compelled her to walk with him behind the cart till they came to Masengate-lane, when he stopped his cart and went down the lane with her. There he got her down and attempted to ravish her. She fought and struggled with him for two hours, and at last got through a gate into a field, and a man came up, who turned out to be Geo. Freeman, to whom she complained of - the treatment she had received. Freeman helped her over the gate and saw her to the lane end. She then went home and told her husband. Her dress was torn, her bonnet crushed, and her hair down, and she was crying. She got home about 8 o'clock. The case for the defence was that both Freeman and Shuttleworth, when following the cart, saw the prisoner and the prosecutrix seated in the cart sitting close to each other, he with his arm round her waist, and that she made no complaint or re sistance. When told to go on they did so, but Freeman, who knew her husband, was induced to watch them, and walked on before the cart. When the dart stopped he stopped, and wett to the lane end where it Was 4 He denied that the horse was cantering on the road after the prosecutrix, and it was suggested that she got out of the cart at the turnpike to avoid the observation of the toll-bar people. Freeman then went to a farmhouse where he had to call, three fields off Masengate-lane, and came across the fields to the lane, when he saw the prosecutrix standing under the wall in the field. He went to her, and she asked who he was, and he told her he was Geo. Freeman, and she then, and not before, said " Bob has been using me very roughly." She was not crying, nor was her dress torn, nor her bonnet crushed, nor her hair down. He saw her up the lane towards her home, and the prisoner went on his way. She made no further complaint to him. It also appeared that after this, before 7 o'clock, the prisoner had called at a publichouse two miles further on his way. The prosecutrix's gown, cloak, and bonnet were not produced. She called in no woman of the village, nor the doctor, and afterwards said at Mrs. Briggs' that her clothes were not torn, her bonnet was only a little crushed, and she was not hurt in any way, and had only a scratch on her elbow, and she was willing to settle it if her husband would. It was suggested that, having been caught in a doubtful position by Freeman, who had seen her riding in the cart, the prisoner's arm round her waist, she had dreaded scandalous reports getting abroad about her, and had feared at once to go home - to her husband; that at length, when she did go home, she had trumped up this accusation against the prisoner to save herself from disgrace, and had simulated the distress in which she appeared before her husband, out which she had not exhibited before ; and that her account was in all respects uncorroborated, but in many contradicted. His Lordship having summed up the evidence on both sides with great care, telling the jury if they believed the woman to find the prisoner guilty of one or other of the counts of the indictment which they thought met the circumstances of the case, but if they believed the witness Freeman, and were led to suspect the testimony the woman had given, and to infer that whatever the prisoner had done was with her consent, then to acquit the prisoner altogether. The jury retired, and after being absent an hour, returned with a verdict of not guilty. POLICE INT.ELLIGENCF.—Feb. 19. THAMES.—EXTRAORDINARY IMPOSTURE AND ASSUMED MADNESS.—A tall and rather well dressed man, 39 years of age, who gave the name of James Christie, and who in carrying on his im positions has assumed the names of Ring, Thomp son, Christmas, and Johnson, was charged before Mr. Woolrych on remand, charged with obtaining various sums of money, wearing apparel, and re freshments, from the friends and relatives of pri soners in the Coldbath-fields House of Correction, by falsely representing he was a warder of that prison. The first case was stated by George Pavitt, an ex-police-constable, who was superannuated on a pension of 24 years' service, and who now keeps an oyster, wine, and refreshment-house, at No. 20, Grace's-alley, Wellclose-square. His wife was -committed to prison a few weeks since for two months for an aggravated assault on her servant girl. Five days afterwards the prisoner waited upon Mr. Pavitt, and said he was a warder of the House of Correction, and his wife was also a warder in charge of female prisoners, and placed over Mrs. Pavitt. The prisoner represented that Mrs. Pavitt was very ill, and wanted more food and a few comforts, and that she had sent him for £2. Pavitt, believing the prisoner's story, gave him the money he asked for. Three days afterwards the prisoner again waited on Mrs. Pavitt, and said a petition was being prepared by Messrs. Lewis, the attorneys, in Ely-place, to obtain a remission of the sentence, and that £2 was required to pay Messrs. Lewis for their trouble. Mr. Pavitt gave the pri soner £2 more, and received a written acknowledg ment for the same, signed "T. H. Johnson." On Monday the prisoner called a third time at Pavitt's house, and saw his son, a boy about 13 years of age, to whom he said, " I can see you are Mrs. Pavitt's son. She will soon be out of prison. The petition has gone to the Home Office. The boy, who had previously received instructions from his father, re quested the prisoner to call again, and upon his leaving the house, followed him until he met with a police-constable, No. 151 H, and gave him into custody. The prisoner ran away, and after a long chase was secured. He then said, "If my arm was well I would not be taken alive. I would give you something if it was well." Mr. George Lockyer. one of the principal warders of the House of Correction, said the prisoner was not a warder there, nor was his wife ever employed there in any capacity. He knew them both well. The prisoner, who assumed an idiotic air, here walked out of the dock towards the gaoler's roem, and upon Roche, the gaoler, seizing him he stood still, and was forced back to the dock ; Roche ex claiming " Attend to the charge against you ; that is all gammon ; it won't do for me." The prisoner staring at the ceiling, said—" I was 21 years a warder ; I am the son of the Duke of Cambridge; I am Commander-in-Chief; I took his place when the Duke resigned. I was governor and head warder." Mr. Lockyer—That is all put on, your worship; he is quite sane. Mr. H. West, a brewer in the Commercial-road East, and overseer of Ratcliff, said—The prisoner came to me two weeks ago, and said he was a war der in the House of Correction, and that a tenant of mine who had been committed from this court for a month for a common assault was in want of food and could not get sufficient to eat, and wished me to advance £2. Believing the prisoner was what he represented, I gave him two sovereigns for my unfortunate tenant, and he gave me a receipt, and signed it in my presence. (The receipt, signed "T. H. Johnson," was handed to the magistrate). Mr. West's tens nt,who has been recently liberated, said he did not know the prisoner, and never autho • rised him to call upon Mr. West. The Prisoner—l do not know that gentleman. I have bought a large estate—the largest in the world. Mr. Woolrych—This will not do. You have become mad since Monday evening. You were rational enough then. A poor woman said her husband vi as in the House of Correction, and the prisoner called upon her and said he was a warder, and that her husband had not enough to eat nor sufficient clothing. She could not send her husband any food, but she gave the prisoner a flannel shirt and a pair of d r a wers , which he said he would give to her husband. Another woman—My son is in prison. The pri soner came to me and said he had been a warder of the House of Correction seven years and wanted £2 for my son, which I gave him. Mr. Lockyer was recalled and said—l have been in the employ of the County of Middlesex 22 years. I know the prisoner well. A more artful and de signing impostor never lived. I was present when he was convicted on the Ist of July last, at the Middlesex session, for obtaining money from people to whom he represented himself to be a warder of the House of Correction. He then gave the name of John Williams. He obtained ls. from the wife of Joseph Brown, a prisoner ; £4 from Mr. Harman King's landlord, while that gentleman was in pri son ; £2 from Mrs. King ; £lO from a builder, the relative of a prisoner. I was directed by the As sistant Judge to make inquiries about the prisoner. His wife, a most respectable woman, daughter of a solicitor, was living in the neighbourhood of Bar bican. She had been long separated from him. On the 15th of July last he was again brought up at the Sessions House, and sentenced to 18 months' imprisonment and hard labour. Directly the pri soner was removed to the gaol he assumed madness, for the purpose of shirking the work assigned to him, and he was sent to Colney Hatch Lunatic Asylum, from which he was discharged a few weeks since. Mr. Woolrych—And ho has escaped two-thirds of the sentence. Mr. Leckyer—He has, Sir. He is not mad, but the greatest rogue in the metropolis. The Prisoner—l was head warder, and governor, and commander-in-chief—that fellow was under me. -- Mr. — Woolrych—l shall treat you as a person perfectly sane, which lam sure y ou are, and com mit you for trial for obtaining £4 from Mr. Pavitt, and £2 from Mr. West, the brewer. There i s no occasion to take the evidence in the other cases. Two charges are enough. WESTMINSTER.—HEARTLESS ROBBERY.—A man in the uniform of the Indian Artillery, wear ing ribands for medals upon his b reas t, about 40 years of age, and giving the names of Charles Williams and Samuel Hambrook, was charged be fore Mr. Payr ter with robbery. Jane Gettings, of 4, Ebury-place, Castle-lane, Westminster, wife of a private in the Grenadier Guards, said—On Tuesday week, this man came to my place and represent( d himself as a messenger from the War-office, He bad some papers in his hand, and asked the names of the person who kept the house. My landlady told him, and lie then asked if she had a son in India. She said " No ; but I have a person lodging in my house who has," meaning. me. Ho then came into my room and asked me my name. I said " Gettings," and he replied, "Yes, that is the name; I have come from the War-office." He asked me the name of my son in India. I replied, " John." He asked me what regiment he belonged to. 1 said, " The 56th." HO looked at the papery he held in his hand, and said that was right. He then asked me when he left for India, and I told him the 25th of July twelvemonth , and he said that was also right. He then said, " I have come to tell you some news, to come and receive some money from the War-office ; that is why I have asked you these questions." I replied, " I dare say you have come to tell me my poor boy is dead," and I began crying. He said, "I am not supposed to tell you, but if you will promise me not to mention it, I will." I said, " I shall be so much obliged if you know he is dead to tell me ;" and he then told me that he had been dead four or five months. Prisoner said he had just come from India, and knew my son well ; that he was bad six weeks with a fever, and was talking with him two days before be died. Prisoner then complained of being very tired, and said he had been two hours finding my place out. I asked him if he would take some re freshment, and on his replying he would. I sent nIY" little boy out for a pint of ale and a half-quartera of cheese. To pay for this I had to pull a box from under the bed, unlock it, and take some money from 30s. 3d. which I bad saved up, and had it there in a half-pint pot. I did that in the prisoner's pro' sence, and pushing the box back under the bed, left the key in it. Directly the little boy was gone out he asked me whether the landlady was my sister, observed that she seemed much interested in his coming, and said, " Why don't you go 6owil and tell her what has happened 9" I immediately went down stairs, leaving him alone with my little girl, six years old, and the infant. As soon as I had gone he said to the little girl " Go and look after your mother," and she put the baby down and came to me. I returned directly to the room for fear the infant should get into harm. My little boy came in, and prisoner had the bread and che ese and ale, and then shaking hands with me, he said very kindly, " Don't fret," and told me he would be back at three o'clock with a cornelian stone and letters he had received from my son. In ten minutes after he had gone I found the box had been moved, and all the money gone but 10s. 28. I suppose he had taken as much as he could get out of the half-pint pot at once by putting his hand into it in the box, as he could not have had much time, I was back in the room so quick. He was seen running down Castle-lane as fast as he could when he left my place. He never came back. Edward Fright, 314 B, said the prisoner was given into his custody on the previous night. o ' l the charge being read over to him at the station' house, of stealing 19s. 6d., he replied that , " That was double the amount." Prisoner, who said that he was not in the mill now, did not offer a word is reply to the charge , and was remanded until Saturday. COUNTRY NARKIZIS. - NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE —FEN. 18. At our Exchange to - day there was a f air attendance of farmers. The trade was quiet, but firm, and prices fo,r wheat were wechanged. Flour steady. Malting ba rioY was dull, at late rates. HULL—FEB. 18. To-day a moderate supply of EngHsi': wheat, with a fa it sale, at last week's prices-60s, however, belng the extremo paid for the best runs of red. Foreign generai;y neglected. Malting and grinding barley moved off slovily. Ber g and peas in retail. Oats also dull. Wheat.... Old white.... per qr s4s Od to 58s „ i o a Old red New white . - -62 s Od to 64s • • ), New red .... , Dantzic, Konb , &c. old white 5 5 8 6 s s 0 0 ci d i t O o 6 6 o:i s O d Dutch, Belgian, and French. 58s Od to 625 o od Baltic and Hamburg, red . . 58s Od to 61s , St. Petersburg and Riga, old. s 5 0s Od to 52s 0 ,,1 Barley.... English malting 34s Od to 37s Od Grinding ~ 3ls Od to 33s u"_, Saal and Oderbruck 34s Od to 3Gs a i" Holstein and Danish Grinding 305 Od to 31s Oats English, Archangel old and Riga, per st.. 20558 Od IVid to t0 2881°333 ; Friesland and Dutch osl3d to os l3 ri Swedish and Danish ... 0512.41 t o osl . ‘ Beans ....English, old, per qr 46s oa to 48s 0; 1 New pigeon New tick. 4os Od to 42$ 0 A ..." Egyptian Peas Foreign breakers 36s Od to 38$ o ,* Grinding Tares ....Spring . Indian Corn • 358 Od to 36$ ~A Linseed, feeding crushing Linseed cakes (Hull) £lo 00 to £lO 0 Foreign' Bl5 oto 910 0 Rape cakes 5 17 6to 6 0 0 Bones .. 5 5 oto 610 NEWARK White wheat, new, 60s to 63s Red do. 55s to 51s Old white 60s to 63s Red do. 46s to 56s Barley, malting 32s to 398 Pea 5,...., .—FEn. 18. 31 0 Barley, grinding 29 s to ~ Oats, old, oos to 30, New do 233 to 21 0 Beans. Beans, new 4 4 5 4 8 s to 48s 48s to 545. BRISTOL SUGAR—FEB. 19. Steals of West India sugars in first hands being nearly e— s haunted, the sales are necessarily s m all, at p revious rate The only sale we hear of in foreign is one cargo of Bal ls ' for arrival. In rum nothing doing. COAL MARKAT. (rrioes of Coal per Ton at the close of the market u , s. d. O. Walker Primrose 11 6 I Davison's West Hart- 3 Lambert's West Hart- ley 14 i 19 ley o Hartley l4 0 I North Pelton ......... 12,3 Byass's Bebsii e W es t C arw ay and DuffrYn 4 0 ....14 3 Malting .... .. " i ' l 6 Tanfield Moor_Butes..l2 6 Do. Anthracite..4' Ships at market, 117 ; sold, 32. FOREIGN .MIL PACKET EMT. MAILS DUE. Mar. ? / 4 1 Australia and Mauritius, via Southampton. Ma r i 3 ; via Marseilles• v . Brazil and Cape Verds, by British packet. Ma r 3• 3, Cape of Good Hope, Ascension, and St. Helena Mar cb i, China, Penang, and Singapore, via Southampton Mar. „, ,f g via Marseilles Feb' ."16, Falkland Islands Gibraltar, via Southampton Feb. ' India (Calcutta), and Ceylon, via Southampton Mar. ,f', via Marseilles Feb. tifi, India (Bombay), via Southampton Feb. 1„ , via Marseilles Feb. ' O l, Lisbon Malta, Egypt, and Aden, via Southampton Feb. Feb. 5 1 5' via Marseilles Newfoundland Oporto and Vigo . U. S. and British N. America, by Brit. packet.. ...'FFFMeeeabbbr. 1/11: • : __ _ , 'by U.S. packet 1 9, by Canadian packet Feb• 10, W.C. of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe M l ar. 3. Bahamas, via New Y or k' . . mar. 0 . Mexico •••• - Feb. , All parts of West Indies, including Chili, Peru, }F e b. 9 ; s California, and British Columbia.. A Florence letter of the 13th says We 0 " a large influx of English now en route from Rome to rt'f,tl; liament. I saw one ' milordo' yesterday, who travels 0 00 five English servants. John and Thomas, in powder , we e, reading Galignani, while the courier, in broken lang' l " , was retailing Italian politics to the ' gentleman in 1)Isc who assists the other gentleman (his master) to dress. [ADVERTISEMENT.) —Holloway's Ointment and The Invalid's Hope.—ln wet and changeable weather ;0 merous diseases of the skin, complicated sometimes i c t, deeper and more serious maladies, appear in every distr u st and, if neglected or improperly treated, produce the 4. hideous disfigurements. Holloway's medicaments, _tssit tracted with the greatest care from the purest balsams' rog be used with the certainty of repelling or expelling the of catalogue of skin affections which mar the hapPil3.,e-car thousands. Pimples, flushes, erysipelas, boils, an d - 01 buueles readily yield to the remedies with ou t leaving e by scar or blemish behind. Both Ointment an d Pills a c ''.ds easting out everything morbid from both solids and by purifying the blood, by regulating its distribntb o reducing over nervous sensibility, and by giving tone. BIRTHS. KILDARE.-011 the 16th inst., at Kilkea Castle, the A chioness of Kildare, o f a son . t ag SAVILLE.—On the 16th i ns t., a t F ou l m i re ReetorY9,„ - , Royston, the H on . M rs . A r th ur S av ill e , o f a daugill'";t, TOLLEMACHE.—On the 18th inst., at 12, Wilton-cre ece the Lady Emma Tollemache, of a son, stillborn. ~,e e ts VERNON.—On the 18th inst., at 3, Upper Belgrave -01 ;,1 Belgrave-square, the Hon. Mts. Groville Vernon WATLINGTON.—On the 18th inst., at 37, Lownues.st ore et f t the wife of J, W. Perry Watlington, Esq., 1 4,134 son, since dead. MARRIAGES. 0" ; BELLAMY—GOODRIDGE.—On the 18th inst., at rai o Devon, Percy Lytton Bellamy, Esq., Captain ssf a' o od' giment, to Janet, the youngest daughter of I. J • ridge. Esq. br a CURREY—IIOLLAND.—On the 1823. inst., at St. Hanover-square, William Currey, Esq., of WeybrAjovi heath, Surrey, to Caroline, daughter of the late Holland, Esq. DEATHS. LAWRENCE. — On the 17th inst., at Richmond, the advanced age of 103, Mrs. Martha Lawrence . J e lls MERRYWEATIIER.—On the 18th inst., at Lincoln) Merryweather, Esq., aged 94. nb aijr MORTON.—On the 17th inst., at Woodlands, SYcle,i, hill, Walter Morton, Esq., late of Tunbridge -We „:111 10 WALLIS.—On the 16th inst., at Wallworth, Wallis, aged 72. r Sr °. BAYNES.—On the 15th inst., at 45, Ladbroke-sclu ae ' Mary Ann ECK.—On the Baynes, aged 90. ul. CASTENDI 16th inst,, at Merton, Easvt Castendieck, of Mincing-lane, aged 52. WEEMS.—On the 18th inst., at Kirkennan, Kir ke l br o i r 301 shire, Robert Weems, Esq. of Kirkennan, an G r eat George-street, Westniinster, aged 48. - - - uN LONDON : Printed and Published by 111JRDO I° ,, 800; No. t . h l e l2 .e , r S c t i a n n ot rd, o P t r i th n e ter s , a a v t o T y n in S t u b si e O c fß ou p ee t , Thuroclah FelnuarY 20, 1863, ;Y , t't surre: