The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1820-05-17 00:00:00

of the 16th August at Manehole% Agricultural people were is general scattered over • large surface, 114 they rarely met together except at a fair. The ronsequence of the greater proportion of capital twilig invested in manufacturing pursuits us., that All locator increased beyond their reasonable rind natural limits; and at length the foreign market was shut against them, And the re vulsion wag dreadfully felt by it large portion of the community. Nothing could be in its nature tome fluctuating thou this branch of trade—n I. lege or fashion may, and often did, expose it to :-.•great diminution; whereas, the lonise trade never could suffer such vice-oiturlee. In h•rei;:or trade but little dependence could be placed the ports abroad may be shut against it, not alone by war, soy inrinteipal regulation would effect it. The Noble Errl brat said, that the distresses which the country laboured under front this iureoltuent of large capita in mausafecturiug speculation., had been fast approaching before the elute of the late war, sod at that period lie knew that • very extensive manufacturer at Mancheater complained heartily of the state of things he then experienced. Toot complaint was made, too, at a period of great Krileral encouragement for trade, when the Govern ment demands were immense, and the foreign mar kets ruouopolised. Such was the indiscriminate rage for commercial speculations that resulted from the extent of manufacturing interest'', that large quantities of coffee and of warming pails had been bind, out at one time from this country to South America. The Noble Earl then glanced at the awe of trade during the fairs of late years •t Loyale, and deeply deplored the measures pur sued towards the King of Saxony, whose poli tical conduct was the consequence of the pee ctibar situation in which he was placed, and who was beloved and venerated by all his subjects. litre the relief could only be derived from foreign commerce. But how was the country to insure I that ? The extensive territory of the neighbouring country, her resources, population, and her com mercial views (he meant France). prevented, he feared, any such intercourse. But if nor, and l'eance in a commercial course took less of English manufactures than England used of French pro. duce, it would be a lugs to the country, sad only heighten the distress. It was generally known, that the continental system was popular through. out the Contineut, where it was forced ; and indeed since the peace all its segtilations had been continued in their fullest rigour 'plumy of the states of Europe. Now there were only two system. which could reasonably be - pursued—reciprocity or retaliatiou. The misfortune Was. that England pursued neither decisively. She 'hewed no more favour to Simony, who received all her commerce without impost or obstacle, than she did to the Aus trian empire. where ber goods were prohibited, and she could nut send in even 0 pound of snuff. He strongly disapproved of the encouragement which was givers to commerce almost exclusively ; it was profitless, like the nurture of • tender exotic, too weak to fructify. There was great danger in depending on the casual resources of fo reign commerce for the means of support for a great population. The policy of the Dutch was prefer able ; they were great trader., but not great manu facturers. It was not • legitimate basis for the prosperity of a country for it to depend upon sup plying the wants of other countries. He came to the chief object of hie motion, which was to find employment for the labouring poor, and especially those who had been dislodged from their pursuits by die increase of machinery and the improvement of steaut.esigisies. He wished find to say a few winds ors the agricultural classes and resources„which more than any others had coutributed to the sup. pint of the national powers ; the labourers in agri. co:rural employment having proved themselves inure attached to the religious and government of the country than others, and were now sorrel' more dis tressed than any chess in the State. Ile felt himself celled upon to defend the Corn Laws from the de lusive clamour which had misled the public mind on that subject. He denied, wise as those laws were, and mice that they were adopted as • benefit fur agriculture alone. He denied what had bees, stated in a foul and scandalous hawk, the read nig of which had made him shudder. that these lows were merely iuteoded to enable the landloi Is to raise their rents, which could be great only in proportion to the confetti value of tuouey. The use of those laws was to save the country from the danger of absolute starvation. He next considered the poor rates, which were among the chief cause. of the depression of the people, and particularly weighed down agriculture. Thew rates were now half as much again as the whole peace establishment of 1792. If they were allowed to go on without reduction or check, the landed interest would be extinguivired by them— Nublemen might hold the title deeds ratio it estates, but they would only be held for others, under some plan of Speneran division. Here was a terrible *mkt increasing evil, for which as yet there was no remedy even proposed. God furbish that he should enteitein any unjust or cruel 110110111 with regard to the sights or enjoyments of the poor ; he would not adopt the measures proposed by Mr. Malthus for checking the increase of their numbers. He' admitted the principle of Mr. Malibu'', but he bad conceived a proposition, which at no distant period lie would submit to the House, which would ope rate to the same beneficial effect, without any of the liguur of Mr. Malthus'. remedies. He was obliged to notice, as one of the great leading causes of public distress, the immeuse weight of taxation which the country bad to bear. Merl Mho were sot landed pro. erietors paid lisil of their whole income in taxes; j landed proprietor, paid more then half their in come to takes. Ile was aware that under such • burden of motion, it was almost impossible for the count'', to enjoy prosperity. It was the duty ; of Clovernment to grant every relief in this way that it possibly. could. Ile was aware with what great reluctance Munsters were obliged to lay oil an 'ad dition of three millions annually for the support of public credit, of the importance of which he was alto aware. But he thought that taxation, under the circumstances the country was then in, was generally odious, and tiny thing odious must have tended to impair public credit, and make it odious to . the country. He wished Ministers bad sought relief fret.: a system exactly• the reverse, by diminishing the burdens already existing to the same amoorst. Taxation had re quired an additional and most grierioucweight also frame,* return to psylisititi in hilllieee U the des preciatissit was such as stated. the hteedve of vas. stiosseteuet have inert...ill in prop ortion',the coons try returned to a sound and healthful currency. Ile admitted the ',eternity for an doing, but he ques. timed the opportunity in which it was *Hemmed. He wished not to excite despondency ; but the crisis was most urgeratoond the wisdom and vigour of their measures should correspond with its im portauce. He 11111 V came to the consideration of those memo which he had to propose for the em ployment and support of the poor on a permanent plan of occupation. Hi* next object was to foe esish them with sustenance use an iiideiwnelent for ~, without Need of parochial or other relief. Many ingenious individuals had proposed pions for this purpose. One of these (Mr. Salisbury) had esta blished a plan with considerthle success in towline, which was applicable to workhouses. large In mu. factories, and other places of numerous 110111111.• He preferred nos own plan. however ; lie 'should reserve minute detail,. The first pro. position of his .last would he the cultivation of waste lands. Such was the skill of an officer of that House. the Usher of the Black Rod, that he had rich and valuable produce from a place (Dartmoor) which was lately one of the most barren wastes in the country. If this could he done in one instance. what hindered it in others ? Ile did not believe the truth of the argument that waste lends were not cultivated because they were not worth the expense. His next proposition would be the encouragement of spode husbandry. He was aware of the ridicule which this subject gene. rally excited ; but he appealed to facts. In his part of the country, spade husbandry was not dearer than that by the plough.. Because waste lands had not answered where a market was weening for the produce, it did not follow that it would not be profitable when the . growers would consume the produce on the spot. Next he would have cottages built upon three holds. He would also have the benefit of the scheme extended to crown lands, and those of gentlemen's estates which ere not profitable under the plough.— lie was'of opinion that the relief and improvement of the r ondit of the poor would tend more than any thing to prevent the indiscreet marriages of the poor. and do away with that cereleseness of their consequences which al present prevailed. The children would grow op tinder n sense of their err. ditabte situations, and the danger of losing them by too early indulgence. sod here would he the west moral check to increase which was required. To cite the case of Ireland as a proof of the con trary effects which the division of land into small portions produced, would be unfair. The miseries of Ireland were owing to the system of mischievous folly by which she had always been ruled. and indeed without the advantage of these small spots, the population could not he maintained. The abo lition of poor-rste, had followed in the few places where this mode of partition had taken place in England. It would have the effect, if adopted, of restoring the almost extinguished class of small farmers; it would give the poor man ens interest in the soil; it would giveself.impurtance seed respect. As to the argument which would perhaps be offered in reply to tlin, of the increase of population, he could not allow ii ; the moral re straints of such society would he quite enough to prevent such all evil. He next came to the, con. sideration of another source for providing smite. nuance for the poor population. An excellent de parted individual had, about 30 years ago, pr o . posed a plasm for supplying the poor with fish, by which it could be carried into the interior 120 miler, sled delivered for two-pence per lb. This would employ a great many persons on the coast, and in the carriage of it; a cheap supply of food would be thus secured ; the implement, were mit costly, nor the capital requisite very large. He would not sry more at present. If the House granted the Committee for which he would move, lie would then state how those and other 'plans were to be carried into effect. lie next commented on the baneful influence which the great improve ments in machinery had n the employment of the poor, sod their means of support. It was stated by 'Jamison the table, that a part of the distress was owing to this cause. The first victims of thin ma chinery were the agriculturists. In Devonshire the wages of husbandry were. in 17-28. 6s. per week ; in 1814 they were 7s. Let thew Lordships take into the account the value of inni.ey at these (fit= ferent periods. and they would be able to judge what must be the depression of that chase. But this was not the worst. In 1728 the wife was able to ram as much as the hollsated. at 'penning; thus making the wages of ■ family twelve shillings in 1728. and seven shillings at present. Such were the evils introduced by manufactures and machines, which were now returned like poison to their own lips, that the pay of a Lancashire tuanolarturer never exceeded 10s. per week. and that for labour which he could not follow without shortening the time of his existence. He retnarked on the pre vailing error which had been acted on is. manufac. tures, of supposing that the demand could be made to equal an indefinite supply. He was of opinion that machines should only be allowed on the condition that the proprietor should provide far all those thrown out of *ark by his i nere di on , as it was most unjust to leave them to be main. tained by those who remained on the limit, after withdrawing their means of support. He pointed out the desiger of these machines benne rivalled by foreigners, who, if they were less perfect in making them than the English, had the *dean. ter of much cheaper labour to compensate. He insisted on the necessity of imposing restrictions oft the increase sod use of machinery. %Without ye. atrictions it would be in vain for him to propose memos fur supporting and employing thousands upon thou. sands of the unoccupied poor. Ile had stated his views upon this most impotent subject. which he left tothe consideration of their Lordships. ere nest ly imploring them to support his motion. His Lord ship then moved, " That a Select Committee should be appointed to consider of the best means of employing and supporting the labouring poor, especially those in the manufacturing districts." Lord LIVERPOOL did mot rise to rester into me of the many important considetations involved in his Noble Friend's steech. If he did 90, it would lead him into an examination of all the first prin. ciples of political economy. and every thing con nected with the trade, manufactures, and cost. WM( of the commie That subject would come • !•44 1. • . 4 %4 4.4 .- • onsrs reeiloSty_ before the HAN liete•ftar a . Adiplingb 'falsely finagining ode foram saiperity thanked lasi Noble Friend stating his object gs once ;y it eembled high foe his mindotri .its arm derived from He (Mr. Fink)) Ctieteed that our alsolialsieg these restrictietts Might the more promptly in say . 1114 be could soot - Mot ses be dependant so the ersiteeency of foreign support the motion in any one of its particulars roontries adopting such s step of liberality. as detailed by Iris Noble Friend. The object, wa., he would corticoid, tlw duty and the iliterrat'or if effected, would be to clemge the whole coo. I Otis emaotry to set them die exeisside. These lies atitution of the country ; it would be to politic M 060401111 were not, lie acksowledged, longer the same country. The inotiou involved an Co be charged to this Adinioistration, or the attempt to separate the agriculture and commerce hut. or any recent ones hut the Petitioners row" of the country, and give the former the superiority. gland shut opport 000000 les of aboliahisig them had Iu his mind the interests or one Iwhinged to both. been lost, which ought to have been laid Commerce had enriched the country. and raised it hold of. It lad beers said that these petitions ho the highest pitch of power and imporissice. pointed to no solvaotage, but if the history of the There was no fortune made In commerce which did I conintsicr of the tomtit, exhibited but one can not, after two generations at the ut 000000 t. become I tamed error. the esteblishitiesit Or a *stem on pro seated in land ; and as to soy complaint of cone- per Owlish., was certainly in the highest degree coerce being favoured by prohibusom, was not alesinible. It would be of the greatest adveiniage if agriculture as well protected ? Could any one it were 'mown to Ow country that the Huts•easf import crude. sheep, or wool free ? Oise sob- Commons would fel its fce against the cootioussice ject had been mentioned which lie might ad- of all millers...my restrictions. It woold be recut. mot to be worth consideration—he meant the pre. !retell that when the lisdis trade was partially open. paring of fish for the sustenance of the poor. If ed. it was doom' with neederousreatrictions, while any Noble Lord could convince him that a cheap the America's isierchaut was under no such fetters. supply of that fond would be received and find These regulssiona were. in face. the very best• that consutners„lse would not object to inquiry into the could have beets oh-vows' for promoting Anierfcan subject. But he doubted the possibility of doing C44llllarfCC, and depressing the Britiih. He would this after so mashy able men load failed in it. As put the case, that advice. were received iu lists to the cultivstion of waste lands, he doubted the country of inch a some of the markets in India, ,as expediency of diverting capital into their enclosure. would, its the opinion of the inerchaht here mottle. It was always best to lercapital find its own bed. In. rive his making a shipment of goods. Thai Attie dividual interest would best. secure she general sad- rican merchant in this coutstry receives the whims fare. But the evil to be complained of wits, that at the same time. It was well human that the two there were too many waste lands cultivated. in con- most essential principles of success in all mercies» sequence of the high price of grain during the war, tile specolations were seeresy and dispatch. l'he Too much money had beeu laid out in breakittg up American merchant went instantly, and engaged • wastes, which would lave been far more profitably small vessel of 150 tons, and in the cour.e of a lad out in improving the cultivation of old lands, week he could dispatch her ; but the British riser- He ridiculed the plans of the Government trading, chant must first go to the Ent India Company at the public expense, in the husbandry of waste for a license. from thence he might be sent to the lands, which were not considered worth caltitatiug Board of Control; and so. after disclosing all Iris by individuals. Let their Lordships consider what I rian% and losing a rupiah or six reeks, he might was die profit of a gentleman farmer—what were then undertake his advetame ; but not then in airy their own profits when they pursued agriculture.— vessel wider 300 tons burden. It was very true. Unit He himself sought health and amusement tot it some. ss the East India Company hail had such exclusive !noes ; but that Noble Lord would learn a parotid privileges granted, the leave of the Company was lesson who expected to profit by it. ile defended Ilse net-rotary, and he would be the lust man Ur the use of mschisiery. which had lire,' the chief source world so desire to touch them without their cocsent. of the national eremite/6s. which had been said to I But there was the trade to countries not under give arms and legs to the poor, and eyes to the their control. arid there was also the circuitous trade. blind. What were the advantages of soil and cli- I with both of whirls Parliament might undoubtedly Mate compared to this .uperiority in England deal. It hail been .aid that the bonding su stein Other countries in Europe were before this in cli. ought not to be touched. He was friendly to the mate and fertility. But Watts, sod Arkwright, a n d principles on which that system was established, Bolton had raised the country to superior grandeur said that point, us well as the abandonment of the and importatice. Ile was afraid the present &stress duties ou she raw material, be would sot now touch was the necessary concomitant of the greet riches of upou. There. however, were points which might this country. The present poverty and suf f ering were ho gone into without attacking the rights or privi the reaction of great en:reprise and success. Would leers of any persons 40 body whatever. An lion. Noble Lords wish the counity non accousit of that Friend of his had its the last Session brought for. suffering to be without the advantages of that ward the subject of Extents Ist Aid. and he did enterprise ? Would they have the country retro. think this was a subject very tit for the interference grade in civilisation, and go back to the rudeness of Goverument, and he thought the Ministers might of barbarism ? If not, they would oppose the take shame to themselves for twit having already motion. Ha Lordship concluded by movisig the attended to it, aid lie hoped that if they did not previous question. bring it forward, his Honourable Friend would Earl STANHOPE briefly replied. He could not again, before the Session ended. submit the subject feel so much alarmed at the expense likely to be to the collar:fermiers of the House. Again, there incurred by the adoptiou of his motion, when he saw were the Usury Laws, than which there could calm:181;one lilted out at a vast expense and for no trot exist a greater impediment to the wealth useful purpose to sail to the North Pole, which ex- and prosperity of the Indian, mud in regard to them pedotions would be stiff more frequeutly repeated, he hoped to see the removal of all restrictions whist. if they were not wholly iiiisucceislul. soever. The stale of the bankrupt law was also a The motion was thee regatived.—Adjourned subject for consideration. as be believed all would at eight o'clock. agree with him it was soot what it ought to be. He would observe, iU c lusion. that soinethilig ought to be done, if only by way of experiment. With re gar., to other branches lie must speak only doubt ingly, but of the wino 11111111164 torero lie could positively assert. that :bey would accept lis • boon the removal of all restrictions. There were also the a rticles o f hardware sod crockery; throe might be trier!, and could du no harm, mid would serve as ins example to foreign nations. He did not take so desponding a view of the subject as the Honoura ble Member for Tomato', who had addressed ilbriLl 14 few nights ago. He still thought we might be able in several great branches of manufactuies to compete successfully with, foreign natione, though undoubtedly he never reverted to see the country in the state it was in yews ago. Mr. BASING said. that the Home must ou doubt have heard, with considerable Weiser., the slate norms of the Hon. Gentleman respecting the revisal or there manufactures which more ',wilco lady came within his unit observation. At the same time, however, he entirely concurred with Iris tins,. Friecd in thisiking that the country could trot agar', expect that high state of prosperity which it had experienced during the cuntisiussuce of the war; we had now returned under a (titterer,* state of things. and therefore whets his Hun. Farm' spoke of the advantages which we enjoy, he ought also to remember. that ar these advantages were principally derived Ir our extent of capital, and our having the start of all the rest of the world, they might all be lost if the Coutiiient should re. snails iti a stale of grace.—(Hear, Gear.) — lit Cull* firmation of what had brill said, that the contrail cod and trading interests are not hostile to the geocrial wishes of the country respectitig • free trade, lie the eaiirificiion to state. that at a very respectable and Huguenots meeting or the body of Siiip-awmrs. held this (lay to die city of L lon. the ptiariples of e free trade were en. her ly agreed in, with only the exception, that the removal of dailies slywild not extend to Colonial or ' f i lt ap rilhailall objection cen to tine as Europe ; and it gave I pleasure to state this, as a proof that retry little difference of ()plosion in reality existed gat persom. who at first might seem to hold very, very darters' v.ews of the sub ject.—(Hour, /war.) The Pr soon was then brought rip s ordered to lie upon the table, and to he printed. CORN LAWS. HOUSE OF COMMONS, TUESDAY, MAY 141. On the motion of Mr. U. GILIMPIT, leave was given to bring ii a Rill to 'amble Mr. Touskiws to dispose of his Pic tures by way of Lottery. AGRICULTURAL PETITIONS. Lord TEMPLIC presented a Petition slimed by upwards of 400 preemie, Orrupirrs and Owners of lased la Beets, coon plaiesing of the depression of Agriculture. A similar Pe tition was presented from Newport Miguel. Lord At. presented several Petitions from Owners sod Occupiers of Lund in Northaniptensabire complainiog of tbe distressed Wale of Agriculture._ Mr. GRICIIII.Lt preseiitill a similar Petition from Owners sad Occupiers of laud in Itiiks. A Petition use preached from the Miters aced Occupiers of Litchi ice Bedford, complaining of the distressed state of agriculture. Mr. BEAUMONT presvnied several Peiiiioror hula tlw Owners and Oecepiers of Land iii Durlsain,cuasplaiuiug uf the depressed state of agriculture. WOOL TAX. Mr. PTUAIRT WORTLEY preseated • Petition from Halifas, prayioi • repeal of the Wool Tax. A Pailion Was presealeal from Gloucester fur the repeal cf the Wuni T.x. Lord Sitinxvit pi esented a Petition of Merchants and Ma. sofactorent, praying fur lite repeal of the Tax on Wool. Mr. BLACIIIIOIIIII prenesied a similar Petition twin the Woollen Maisofacturers of Lancaster. A l'elifarn was preaeuted from the Marche/ordeal aid arveral lahabitsaistri Si. Mary,Newitegtom,agaivat the New Church Bill. The Norwich Gas Light Bill was read a second time sad cornositted. Mr. D. W. HARVEY Ease notice that he wooki ow Friday wove for the somber of Wits of Error issued by the Curei tor during the lass three years. On the mottos of Mr. D. GII.IIIRT, a Cutaoittee was a . p. imitated to Hooke into the state of the Turnpike Roads to Ea(lewd. . . Mr. SCOTT presented certain papers front the Chamber. Wiles °Meer of the (1 urtunitur. Mr. M. A. TAYLOR INtoted au additional clause to he added by way of rider to the Singe Coact rs Bill, atter which the Bill ass read a third time mud pained. Mr. UTTLETON gave notice that on lb. 3.1 of June be should move Cur leave to bring in a Bill to rrgulate the pay meat wt . Labourers W ag e s in Ire. Faeuwirs. A Petition was pr. - twisted front erttaiu Malister' and Brewers, fur alteriug the owiedeuf Collecting the Dirties. Sin J. riltorroitt gave notice of n mutton reflecting the Tonotion of Costs in Ireland. 0a the 1111.1111/N Or Mr. tAisitistwrom, the House weal lista a tomatime ea the CPSWIaII, Regulation of Suede, sad Oaths Bill. The House haslet resumed, Mr. LUSHINGTOX brought up the Rill, which was read a first time. Mr. BntwDl■ brought up the Rrport on the Customs Duties, Sac. Acts. Mr. Bitoimitastp;:se ;rerla Petition from the Inhabitants of several tillages in Su-sex, statisig the disadvantages • Inch they experienced from she ins. portation of Foreign Curia, and f Stir pressu►e of taxation ■sad the iiterrue of Pour's Rates. lie. fore lie read the Petition. he shoulal my that he was by Ho means disposed to agree with the specsfie remedy which, the Petitioner, cal!.•d for, namely. the repeal of the mining laws tespettisig the ins. !variation of command the imposition of u new duty 1,11 all imported corn. What they complained of was, that the mode of taki•ig the aser.sge at piling ,t. '• adopted, Made The ditty on imported corn different from wind the horse intended that it should he. The Petition was then brought up, read, sod ordered to lie upon the table. _ otrff or Wool- Lord MILTON, on presenting • Petition, pray. hog for • removal of *a Duties or Foreign Wool, said, thst he would take that opportunity to fix a day for his intended inotion to repeal the Tax on Foreign Wool. After a few words converratios with Lord CAS. TLIIIMAGH. It was agreed that 'wet Friday se'u. night should be the day appointed tar that purpose. Mr. lELLtte, in presenting a Petition the Tim on Wool front certain Woollros torero to Scotland, said that he was induced to t ar a few words respecting the prayer of the Petitio n .,;. They prayed relief generally from the reetrietion, laid osi trade—relief from a state of thing. trial ' could not continue much longer to exist without in . etilving every thing in the country in a comm on ruin: /Hair, hear.)--Such was the portal prayer, but the Petitioners ..ought for relief I bbbbb Ci• pally by • repeal of the reftriCtloll. on wool, rape seed, and COlll. - Tha•Petition was then brought up, read, anti ordered to lie upon the table. • CATHOLIC QUESTION. Sir H. Partaau. laid, that he had received in. *tractions from Ireland to withdraw the outlive re 'meeting the Cethulics altogether, as a Meeting of the Catholic Body was this day to hr held in Dublin, and it was supposed that revolutionewould be, entered into at that Meeting which would its a rest measure determine the precise time at whit hit would be most advisable to bring the subject of their claims before Parliament. Leave was givers to withdrei the notice of motion. BRITISH MUSEUM. Mr. BAIIIMI promoted a Petition from the True. tees of the 13!jrisli Museum, praying fora coctiou- Blimp of the usual annual grant iu support of that Institution, which bring read, it was movi•d and ordered, that there be laid before the Iloose a n ay. count of the expenses of the Institution for ,hr Ltsl year, and elm an estimate of the Paine fur the nest year. MILITARY EiPENDITURE OF TIIE COUNTRY. Colonel DAVIES said, that be rose farad the ar. tention of the [lou►e to s subj.Ct iittt rt,ttil at ,it times, but more especially so node► flair oreeent circumstances of the country. Ile felt that be Id. homed under peculiar disadvantaers tit luiligiog forward this question at the present tier, ttecan•te however great the disposition to economy tuieht be, many might feel alarmed and ono ilbog to Fe d ore. our establishments, iu consequence of recent evrut. • He hoped, however, that as his motion call. d oti , e fur inquiry, he would find many di-posed to agree with him in thinking that there existed at lea.' grounds for instituting such an inquiry os should determine whether any, and if so, what reductions might be made in our military expenditure, c.in. sistently with the peeve and interest of the country at large. He thought that every man should come forward and endeavour to avert the calamities which, in whatever shape they slight appear, of suspended commerce, depressed amt. culture, or impoverished oraitufaclurta, in effect depended upon the oppressive load of taxation which, like a mill-stone, hong upon end weighed down the energies of every brooch of the commit. silty. —( Hear, hew.)—But how were the difficui. ties of sine country to be removed ? Oily by pie. mote% a reduction of useless expenditure no t eery department. With this view he had &reeled 1114 attention to the military department, to which hie "; profess and experiroce seemed wore istetiliatly to adapt him. It would be iiiipossityle fur the lb/tare to come to a just conclusion on Ana etiliject, except by appointing s Select Committee to inquire intulim state generally of our twittery eatabliatiusentr, aid although he was aware of the ihffiedllars width might be raised to smell a mode of procerdiog, yet he defied anyilon. Member to point out any other persona to whom an examination of the subject could with propriety be intrusted. If any proof were wanted of the extravagance which was to be found connected with our military expenditure, he would say that it was amply to be futiod 111 the tir,t ilistauce in the appointment of a Goveroor for Gib. falter. If they were to seek the whole mond of siitecures, they would not find one which caned more loudly for retrenchment or suppression 0.111 the office which he had just mentioned. Stil, hos. ever, so great was the unwillinguesr of Ministeis to take a single step towards relieving the d,rtrrs•es of the country. that scarcely bad the iilusttions Prince who last filled that office ceased to live, when they sent out information of his death to Gib raltar, and at the same time an account of the a p. pomtment of Lord•Chatham to the vacant office— of Lord Chatham, that Noble Lo►d whose military achievements are filled up by saying that lie was the Commander of the memorable Walcheren tape. ditiett!—(Heur, hear, hear.)--Before lie prover Litt I fuithe► he - Weald say that he ►hould conclude by moving for a Select Committee to inquire into the military expenditure of the country with a view to its retrenchment, and if he succeeded in irapi•ing - some doubt iuto their minds that the present mitt. tory establishments ere not alt perfect, he *instil succeed in probing the necessity for such an in. qUify as that which it was the object of his motion to cause to be instituted.—(Hear, hear.) --lii the year 1787 our force, independeat its India, amounted to peen; :if it amounted to 94586. Ile could not comer. •. ` ' that there was soy thing in the circumstance• of the country at present so different from *hat they i o ulwel o ndw u d r iha n t e force iri. . 1 .. 6 ( L or a a . k . r e k t e h i w a t more were ion die year 1787, as to require MO common all it Ism! . li t N. l:l l :l l ll l l,e t h l d e : r o ti e li cx b u t re he PteinantYhjeusetsttgarr7rutesildfsorelktrisleyeisar'. comp.ired with the last. The estimate, of the sone service for last year mourned to about 6,582,0001. for this year there would be au increase uu the enure of at least 400.000/. above the pre. ceding year. What wits there to warrant that no:reuse He was aware that it would be said that the state of the country had caused this increase; hot the same cause which but made the people dioconteuted. namely. the distress of • the country, sow called for ►eductton id the Chancellorex tiresheaobougvhetrie fauett u uso f r i el he ato E rbe z : da l ; penditure. When the stew taxes were first pro ' u'lFdrrplheutihideoeßillifiiigithibeet i i l FREE TRADE. Mr. FINLAY, on rati ng to peesent the Petition which lie held in his hand, from the Chamber of Commerce in the City of Gl.e.guw, proyisig fur the eamblishiewist of • Free Trade, begged to he in dulgrel while he made a few obtiervatious on that important suhject, although the Petition which had been laid oat their table a few nights ago, front the nitre lointeuf Loudon, tendered it unitecrseary to trouble the Hemet at much length. The Pro. (toners stitte, that, to ill, ir opiniou, one cause of the universal distress might be attributed to the reettictious on cumanescr, winch other natious were .*• 7 1 . • 1 7 • 1 i . a '1