The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1826-03-10 00:00:00

priatiple of the measure. He regretted that the question had come before the House in the absence of the Representative of the city itf Edinburgh, who was so competent to discuss the merits of the ease, He hoped the lion. Member would fix a day for ks future diaeumtinn. He saw nothing peculiar in the representation of Edinburgh to warrant a specific law for its regulation. It was not a singular instance *rifle representation of a plate being vested in a Corporation. He thought that the rights of election should not be taken away in an; tnetance unless in case of gross corruption. No such case hail betn made out, and therefore he could not arse to the prayer of the petition. No such corruption was sltowu to 'stet "as to the borough of Grampound, where the right of diction was withdrawn. In such a care only would those rights be withdrawn, and as that had not been made out, he would (*Cthe measure. HUM E said that the particular el/mimeo:noes of any one should not be an excuse for another, nor screen it from the es xc which belonged to it. He would not rat exclusively on the merits of the petition of the city of Edinburgh; he would not take that into consideration, but objected to the system in generaL The representation of Edinburgh rested in thirty-three persons ; that isatold not be called a representation ; such a representation was a sosokery. 'That who opposed reform said, "we ate unwilling to 'Mao a intagaft tirems.r ge would say distinctly that he wished for •venil SON& The Minster who would undertake and achieve shat bendk rei t One coostry would, in him view, immortality himself, and de a sled he:Medal service to the country. He thought it a disgrace to ids" me in which we lived that those abuses should exist in the representation of the country. If they were corrected it woald produce moth good, and give satisfaction to the people, end • be eagle tot hut tbink it would be gratifying to a Minister to see a IllisP97 and contented population, a considered the subject wor "by she notice of Ministers, and if they gave it their attention lie ids sore it would be attended with some good. On the rnotibn that the Bill be printed, • Mr. • BERCROM 1W said that be was not ell sorprieed at the oppesidon of the Hon. Baronet (Sir George Clerk). He did eery right he opporthig the petition from the principles he entertained. Ile was connected with that party which always opposed such someares. 'The petition be had presented expressed the opinions of lb* inhabitants of Edinburgh; that the Hoe. Baronet did not deny, ate had jie attempted to vindicate the case of which the pelt. .toners complained. Ile concluded by giving notice for leave to bring In a Bill on Thursday, 30th March. air ILFEROUSSON supported the petition, and he trusted those Hos. Members who opposed Parliamentary Reform would , owns to the discussion of thin subject with dispassionate minds. Be wished the representation of Scotland should be put 00 the amnia footing as that of this country. • PARLIAMENTARY REFORM. Lord J. RUSSELL gsve notice of • motion relative to Parlia.i 'military Reform, which it was his intention to submit w the House as Thursday. 27th April. CORN LAWS. It r. 11 1. 3 , ALE tusseented a petition from the worklngfand manu f te. eating of Hutehesontown and other places In the neighbour. hued of Glasgow, praying for an alteration in the Cern Lass. On thi question that the petition should be brought up, efr. CLINWEN objected to the language of the petition, as also sloths ides which was entertained by the petitioners that their condi. don would be bettered if the ports were opened. Ile was convinced thee such would not be the case. Mr. 11. SUMNER objected to the language of the petition, as Mated by the lion. Gentleman (Mr. Hume). They said, if the price of corn was not lowered it would break down the bonds of aueiety and be could not but consider that such language was the language of rebellion. M. HER NA I, raid that tt!e House should look with compassion YR we statements made by their fellow-countrymen under the pres sure of low wages and the very high price of mime of the necessary articles of subsistence, particularly , In those of meat, butter, and ,Abeete. He would repeat that the House should look with com passion on the sufferings of the great mass of the population, •1404 e interacts should be inseparable from that of the landed in terest. . . Me. MABERLY said that he wondered very much that there were not petitions on the subject from every place in the country. 'ills people had a right to expect that his Majesty's Ministers would have taken the Corn Laws into consideration before they scooted the policy of a free trade in other respects. Mr. BENETT considered the language of the petition as most unjustifiable. M. BEIM E protested against the objection of the Hon. 3lem bet toe surrey (Mr. H. Sumner), and said that the petitioner. silted that from their present condition they absolutely hegtin to feel their moral affections lowering, and their hearts were state (4 remorseless obduracy. Mr. H. SUM NElt said that the words " break down the bonds of %ode'," were also used. Mr. HUM E admitted that they were used. Mr. Secretary PE Kli said that the question of the Corn TAWS WWI one of the greatest delicacy, and which he did not think it advisable at that moment to discuss upon. The petition before the House was certainly a specimen of line writing. (Hear.) The cdiject of the petition was not to throw any new light upon the sub :mt. but So promote asperities. Whenever the question should mane to be considered, it was very desirable to avoid all circturt• manna t!sgt mold nccasion any exasperated feeling. LALORA VP said that lest year the House were told the gelation should be brought forward during the present Session; Indeod the Right Hon. Gentleman, the President of the Board of Trade, was pledged to bring it foriard in the present year, at least on it was understood in the House of Commons. His Majesty's Ministers suppose they had satisthctory grounds for delay ic4 it s bot be could not hut consider that they were mistaken ; and to defer it from year to year ass the worst of all possible spa. tents. His Majesty's Government stated, as a cause for delay. that there had been a change in the currency • but why had they ta:npored asf the currency instead of going into the Corn Laws? 'rte /tight lion. Gentleman (Mr. Peel) lad deprecated discussion. le Ow Mouse and the, country knew what Government intended to 0 r, More would Le an end of dismal= ; but his Majesty's Minis ters appeared missive a groat aversion to stating their opinion. lf, browser. their opinions were to be eollectid front their measures. they •oold approve a free trade in corn with a protecting duty, anti the question then was, what should be the amount of that pro tection ? What had happened in regard to the question of free wade in Elk ?. Why, that the matter haying been fairly discussed mot the question detnotined the people were satisfied. The great mil was mystification. His M ajesty** Ministers should not 'lux ury. t Hem. The petition WWI certainly drown up in language the people could not übderstand, but the great body of the people said understand the general question'. It was for Parliament to be remaemble. consletent, and inn, and the people would be amen. able is the detenninstion of Parliament en arrived at. The lion. titmtbman said he regretted that the petitioners were in the unto.. innate situation dilly represented themselves to be; but it was for tt-in to be assured that low wages did not depend upon the price .dtr 1. He (filr.Ealcraft) honed that plentiful apps would be unta t, upon which depended an abundant supply and nothing oil the bounty of Providence in that respect could make corn sheep. *Mr. PEEL explained. and said that his Majesty's Government wish^d to reining themselves until the matter came regularly under runsidesatiom At the same nine, from the frequent petitions pre ien•svi. it was impossible to exclude discussion. Lord JOHN RUSSELL agreed that it would have been better to base brought on the question. At the same time he hoped ad vantage would be gained by delay, in order that a proper regula tion of the burden, that pressed sometimes on land and sometimes manufactures. should be made. If that were done, then it or.ist be the general wish for the question to be met. Vie petition was then orders(' to be printed. CORONERS' FEES. PEEL rose to present a petition 'from the Coroners of the county of Ocean praying far an increase of their allowances, and said that he begged it not to be Impposed that he agreed in the prays because he presented the petition. All that he should move upon it Was, that it should be mimed to the Committee then alt. twig on the County Rates —Ordered. ANCEItY REPORT. Mr, broosln up a copy of the Report of the Commis sionert appointed to inquite into the Court of Choncery.—Ordered to Ire printed. CRIMINAL LAW. Me. PEEL mse, and said that he had to make an appeal to the Howe on a question of the deepest import, being no other than a coosolitintion and alteration of the criminal law of the country. Titone o`tjecto woniti•eiteite no feeling of party, or promote any po litico! ?•Inneeity ; the object was the suurey of property and the is isrm meet of the moral state of the people; and lie was sure the House would not consider them undeserving of i's most serious ac t-MOM. The Him'se had an important debt to di.rharge I. the eomodeestion of theme laws which so nearly effected the Interests of the people at large '.Thelkst pmposition he should have to Inhibit to the House was fee leave to bring in a Wider Ahomesulidatiou of the statute law reining to the crime of theft, and the second for th..• amending of the criminal law In ceautin cases. lie apprehended he shooW find no one who would oppose the consolidation of laws of %Inch his Majesty's subjects were bound to take cognizance and to nhey under such bets, penalties. It was conformable to the dic tate* of common sense thut the law should he as clear and ittelitgible as possible. It, however, the dictates of com mon sense were sot anfileient. and if authorities must be called in aid, he hod to rely upon the authority of some of the greatest names that adorned the hietdry of the country. Several of the most eminent lawyers hid either given their decided opinion upon the airman. or hot gone turther in their attempts to promote the alteration in question, burwitbout success. The Right lion. Gen tleman said he would dispose of all lighter authorities, and come to that of the highly-gifted individual. bard Chancellor Bacon, who had addressed a wok to his Majesty King James 1. on the NMI subject, which he had the honour to submit to the House. and that was written at a distance of two hundred and fifty years from the present yeriod. Thnt Nobleman foresaw every objection that could be urged, and most ally answered them in the mountain-top altos exalted wit. He most beg the House to listen to the extracts trout that work ; and be did trust that the House would cone to the lane ronelue;ons with that Lobleinau. The Right Honourable G e mi s nan here read some long extracts from lewd Chancellor Bacon's work, addressed to James I. oa the subject of the criminal late Of floy,iand. The Right Hon. Hindman said if any further authority were wanting, he muse appeal to the judgment of that Howe, a. eirpremed i.t the teport.of a committee made in 17%. That report strongly recommended the expediency of the inmates • t both Matey of Parliament, but they never could be induced to „ors. A similar committee hid sat in the year IGril tar the same pu m„. 4 .; b u t fro , n thataittte 10 1711 1 ; the Parliament had allowed it, m sleep, being for a pried 1.1 mare than one hundred years. The Right Hon. H ent l e man skid that, in t h e y ea r ittn. was 1 . 0 , mot to, mtimatmut, to "a c e th e object ; and, relying oil the ata:POritl of Lord Bacon, he should salautit a nil fur the approbation tot Pat.l figment. to consolidate the statute law for the crime of theft, and for ' the amendment of other parts of the criminal code. It was neces. sary, in order to show the necessity of the measure, that he should state to the !louse the number of persons cotnntittcvl for the crime of theft in England for certain periods. lit 1825, the last year, as appeared by the returns he beta ie his hand, there were no le.. thao 14,43 . 7 persons charged with the crime of theft ; of those 12.530 were for crimes to whichthe Bill be intended to introduce would rater, forming six-sevenths of the whole, including all crimes of theft, burglary, larceny, housebreaking, stealing under the value of 40e., sheep-stealing, and receiving of atolen goods. It was mat ter of most serious consideration when compared with the number of crimes of Keeton importance, but which were so few in comps. neon. Fluting the last seven years there had been convicted 122 for manslaughter, 11 for murder, 50 for arson, 43 fug perjury, and 241 for forgery ; but how many would the House suppose were con victed for the crime of theft during that period a—no less a number than 43,000! He trusted therefore that he had shown enough to prove the impatience of the measure an to the crime of theft, and of the necessity of consolidating the laws for punishing that offence. In order that the Bill which he iota:Wed to subunit should be in. telligible, he had had it privately printed. It consisted of thirty-two pages ; and within those thirty-tv u pages were comprised every material enactment relating to Lie crime of theft. The two first pages were taken up In the repeal of enactments, which this law would render unnecessary ; and in the rendition; thirty pages the material enactments of not lees than niaety-two 'mutes relaaing to theft were consolidated. The important enactments relating to this crime welt abstracted front the several Acts Leginning in the reign of Henry the Eighth. The manner in which Acts of Parliament accumulated was not to be ascribed to any Indifference on the part of the legislator', hut to the practice which had arisen of legielat. ing for particalar cases, and not upon any general principle. When any particular theft was committed upon • 3lember, or one of his constituent*, • Bill was frequently introduced for the pre• vention or punishment of that offence, but without any rela tion to crimes of • Mohler character. Another practice which led to the strange and defective system of legislation adopted on this subject, was the blending of enactments re lating to particular thefts, in Acts of Parliament, with other enact. meats, altogether distinct, and essentially different in their nature. His present purpose was to extract front tine heterogeneous mint are ! whatever related to the crime of theft, and to embody the spirit 'in the one short Act which he held in his hand. Mr. Burke. had made some observations on the practice of introducing enactments to meet particular cans of crime, which bad lately boo commented upon. Nothing could be more injurious as respected the clearness of our criminal code. In allusion to what lie had just ad voted to, relative to the practice of heaping together a number of distinct enactments in the sante Bill, be should only adduce one instance. Some one hail complained that there was no en actment to meet the stealing of madder roots, and as an enactment to meet this particular offence, a clause was inserted in an Act which principally went to provide against thefts in the important article of coal. There were no less then twenty statutes relating to the offence of stealing timber. One lion. Member found that maple was not included in the Bill on this subject; another found that ash had been omitted. Separate Acts were brought In to put maple trees and ash trees under the same protection as all other kinds of timber. and in this way Acts of Parliament were multi plied. His purpose, in this Bill. wiii:lt he should conclude by ask. in; leave to bring in, was to extract the principle upon which all those enactments were founded, and to embody them in one Bill. It was impossible to say that the mate of our statute book did not render such a measure desirable, if not absolutely necessary. ( Hear, hoe) He begged to direct the attention of the House to the law relating to theta of holly;, thorns, and quieted'. The House, be thought, would give him credit fur discovering this enactment, at least credit was due to those who had discovered it, for it was to be found in an Act entitled " an Act for better securing the cus tom' on goods removed from the outports to London" (Hear,) and also for regulating the salaries of certain officers in Senegam bia, in Africa" (Laughter,) " and for authorising the exportation of barley from the Orkney Wand*" (Hear, hear.) The enactment relating to hollys, thorns, and quieksets was to be found mixed up with the other enactments which he had mentioned. lie thought the Home would agree with him that it was desirable to transplant those holly., thorns. and quicknets to a more congenial soil, by as. seeding them with other trees. The manner in which stone of those Acts passed were not a little curious. In the sixth of George 111, the forty-sixth and forty-eighth both related to the stealing of timber, and must both have passed within a few days of each other ; indeed they must both 'save been before the Home at the same time. Yet it appeared pretty clearly that the gentleman who introduced the 48th did not know that the 46th was in eeistence. The 48th made the crime of stealing wood a felony, whilst the 13th, for the same offence, made the offender liable to a penalty of 20/. Now it was the practice of the Judges to consider all Acts passed in the same Session as used on the same day, an ! that in point of fact the 4 6 th of flea 111. was repealed by the 48th ! Oco. 111. without having ever come into operation. All that re- mained on the 20 statutes relating to the preservation of timber, he intended to embody in one Act ; thus ridding the Statute Book of so many useless incumbrancet. The second point to which his Bill would refer was with respect to the offence of receiving stolen go knowing them to be stolen. By a single clause he pro posed to supersede the existence of no leas than twelve statutes, which related to this particular crime. So many Acts were passed to provide against this offence, because, as he heal before remarked with regard to the enactments relating to theft, the Legislature had proceeded with reference to particular cases, and entirely regard-1 less of any general principle. There was one Act against receiving stolen lead, tin, anti copper; another against receiving stolen brass, a third against receiving jewels, plate, and watches. Besides, there was an Act against receivittg stolen bank notes and other securities. and many other Acts which it woe be tedious even to name. Now he did not see any necessity rso many enact 'newt to meet one particular species of c- (hear) and he proposed to remedy this defect by a s . clause, which expressed the p u nishment to be inflicter' r every particular description of their offence. The welds t.l - t Bill he pronmed would rots thins And that any one wi shall knowingly re. ceive stolen motley, goods, or chattels, lErta, bobels, or notes, or. other securities, or any other thing whatsoever, the tak ing of which shall amount to a common teamt , every such receiver shall be guilty of felony, and shall be liable to be indicted either as an accessary after the fact, or as a principal after tne conviction of the offender." In the Bill which lie pro' used the principle of the law as it at present stood was retaired. and his efforts were chiefly directed to simplifying it. Ile aain pommel. to supply some omission, and remedy sotne defects. It appeared that by ate law of Eugland, as it at present stood, it waste gnomes offence to steal from a ready-furnished lodging ; but it WAS actually no offence at all to commit a robbery its a ready-furnished house. A man had actually been acquitted who Was guilty of robbing a ready-fur. nished house ; and after his trial Chid Baron Macdonald, address ing t h e prisoner, observed that he was sorry he was acquitted ; that his guilt was perfectly clear ; but that the law only related to rabbiog from furnished lodging., and not from a furnished house. He now proposed that the more important tenement, • ready-fur nished house, should be placed under the same protection us a rea dy-furnished lodging. The same extraordinary inconsistency pre vailed in the enactments to meet another offence. To destroy lash in a stream or river running through or in • gentleman's estate was a very serious offence ; but to destroy the fish in a stream which served as the boundary to a gentleman's estates—and streams were very often the boundaries—was no offence at all by the law of the land. He presumed if it was right to protect one stream it was of equal importance to protect others, and it was proposed by the Act lie had now the honour of submitting, to place all streams, s heifer running through, or in, or only bounding gentlemen's ' estates, under the operation of the totem law. The law respecting 1 the embezzlement of monies by servants was also very defective. It was necessary under the pro= law to prove the specific nature of the coin in which the embezzlement was committed. This I often proved to be a very great inconvenience in the prose cution °forte:tees of this nature, which were unhappily too frequent. Fur instance, if a servant had to receive ten shillings front his master far any person, and got a pound note, giving the ten shillings from himself, he was not guilty of any =bodement under the existing law. Hit master enuld not prosecute hint for retaining the one pound note, because he had not authorised him to receive such • aunt, anti he could not be guilty of embezzling ten shillings as he had not received ten alullings- To remedy this obvious detect, what he intended was, to exempt the master from the necessity of apeci. tame in what particular coin the embezzlement was committed. His Act also-contemplated a mitigation of the punishment in cases of embezzlement. Embezzlement could now only be prosecuted as a tawny, and in cases of felony only one act was allowed to be proved. Now, when a prisoner was prosecuted for embezzlement and only one offence proved, a Jury were apt to thinlethat the one KS was done in mistake, and acting under tints impression the offender was often acquitted. whereas by enabling the prosecutor to indict fora misdemeanor, proof of the whole conduct of the servant would be admitted, all the circumstances of the case rebid be sub.. 'witted 'tattle jury. and they would pronoutice their - y*lll6o gene. rally., alter a consideration of the whole case. The law of England was very defeetive in another instance. There was ample protection for securities in the public thigh of this country, but no protection for foreign securities. The House would agree with hint, that it was as greet an offence to steal securities which would entitle the holder to receive money from the foreign Wilde, as to steal any other description of securities, and he meant to generalise the law in this respect. Ile also proposed totem rely some deficiency in tittle* relating to title deede,and what were called technic/illy chores in'action. lie should observe that in t h e law lie now proposed he did not introduce any penalties before unknown. nor did this Act constitute any new crime. On these pains, therefitre, it was only declaratory and remedial. There was another particular in which he proposed an alteration. Larceny committed in a dwelling-house to the amount of 40s. was a capital crime. This was construed to relate to all out-houses, in which stables. barns, he. were included. li c meant to propose that it shook be declared in the new Act that no out-house should be considered ae a dwelling-house. union there was an intentsl communication with the house. Another offence, the law relating to which required some correction, was that con. coming robberies committed in gardens. These robberies, which were sometimes mere school-boy offences, and often extended no farther than stealing a few apples, were indictable as felonies, and the offender was liable to transportation. Besides, no Magistrate bad the power to discharge an offender indicted for this crime; it was the 31agistratee' duty to send all ;each offenders to be tried at the Assizes. The severity of this law, and the danger of subject ing a fellow-creature to much effects for what, as he before cautery- ed., may have been nothing more than a school-boy's theft, pre. vented many persons from eng a ging in pronecutiuns for this offence, and the consequence was, that the seventy of the law left the owners of gardens without sufficient protection, whilst it effectually defeated the ends of justice. Tn remedy this state o: things, what he now prompted was, to give the 31agistrate a %Ministry power to discharge the offender on the commission of the first act, upon pay. went of the expenses stud a smell line. Tina would save the of, THE BRITISH PRESS. fender from the contagion of a gaol. if this was found to be desirable. as In many eases no doubt it would be. He thought he hail now said sufficient as to the details of the Bill he was about to submit for thecoosolidation of the law relating to the crime of theft. It may not be amiss ror hi•ii now to say a few words as to his plans tor the improvement of the criminal law, It was impossible to look to the Mate of crime in this country without feelings of a very painful na. lure; and he believed it must be admitted that property was not as secure in England as in other countries. This arose tram a combination of caws, very many of which were not within the reach of any legislative enactments.• This want of security was attended with many advantages which more than counterbalance the evil, and yet to which that evil may be, in part, ascribed. One of three advantages was the total absence of a preventive police. ,Nor could it be left out of view when considering this subject. that The liberty . enjoyed by the people of this country give facilities to the commission of crime which did not mist in others, where the liberties of the people were more restrained. Let it not be sup posed, however, that he wished to curtail the liberties which the people of England enjoyed : on the contrary, he asserted that the blessing of itherty far counterbalanced any evils produced by the enjoyment of it and that it was attended with advantageous effects which Infinitely preponderated over the injurious effects. To give some general motion of the frequency of crime, he would read the returns from the several gaols in England and Vs ales. lla said the increase of crime, becsuse he fel: that un this subject con ceslinent was unnecessary, and perhaps was unwise. It was no use to pride oueselves ass nation upon a superiueity which we did not possess. (Hear, hear.) Such an imposition on the feelings of the House would only serve as an encouragement to the increase of crime, by preventing the House from directing its attention to the necessity of placing the law upon a sounder principle. (Hear.) In seven years, ending in 11116, there were committed to the gaols of England and Wales 47,:i22 persons—he meant criminals ; and In seven years, ending in 181.3, no less titan 23.217 persons were committed. This was an alarming increase. The house would perceive that the number of committals was nearly doubled. The number who received sentence of death within dune two periods was nearly in the same proportion, from which it was to be interred that the increase of crime was not confined to the lighter degrees or it. in the seven years ending 1616, 4,100 received sentence of death ; and in the seven years enchnieht 1823, 8,200 persons re. ceived sentence of death in England and (Vales. So that it appeared that the number of those who had received sentence of death, us well as of those who were committed for armies, had actually don ' bled. It was a curious fact, and one worthy of observation, timt the increase of crime in London and Middlesex bore no such pro. portion, though the increase of wealth and ropulat ion was greater than elsewhere. From docv—ents in Ms Possession, it appeared that in London and AlideMex, in seven years ending in 1810, . _ LOW received sentence of death; and in seven years, ending in 1823, 1.122 persons received lenience of death. This was no great increase, not M all in *portion to the increase in other parts of the country. But though there was some increase in the general aggregate of crime in London and lidil.esex, the number of persons convicted of offering violence to persons had materially decreased. For instance, the triune of highway robbery was very much Jemmied. Taking the accounts of the metro polis in distant years, and this ,pleasing alteration was very discernible. In seven yeareending in 17 - J3, 272 person* were exe cuted in London and Middlesex ; whd,t iii the seven years ending ice 182. i, only 165 pecsons were executed, making &diminution of more titan IVO persons. As he proceeded to more remote periods, the number of persons executed increased, and this proved not only the prevalence of crime in the metropolis at those periods, but the magnitude of the crimes then committed. In 178*i and 1737, there were executed in Landon and Middlesex 133 persons, and the axe. cumin* in London and Middlesex within the last three yeats amounted to only 33. Ile did tint mean to state to what the pleas ing decrease of crime in the metropolis was to be attributed, but he was sure, amongst other things, it was to be ascribed to the effi ciency of the police establishment. That pollee wax possessed of no extraordinary power. They were only ordinary constables', di rected by the ordinary powers with which Magistrates were invested, and yet by the effective manner in which this force WAS governed, notwithstanding the advances of the metropolis itt wealth and population, heinous crimes had greatly decreased, and the increase of offences was not in any degree proportionate to its increase In other parts of the country. To the police establishment of the ca pital he certainly attributed a large share of these gratifying cum quences. (Hear, hear.) He thought the House was now possessed of sufficient information to enable it to judge whether a proposition to improve the administration of criminal justice should be set *side in the tint instance. He thought he had stated what was sa tisfactory, in leading to the &inclusion that the criminal law of this country wasoot perfect, but that it admitted of some improvement. (Hear, hear.) Ile wished to state shortly the provisions which he should consider as safe improvements of the existing law. I He anticipated no objection to his propositions, for he was about to propose nothing which was unaale or new in principle. One I object was to remedy a defect in the Statute of King William the Third., relating to felony. The meaning of this Act was, that the consequences of the felons should extend to the offender in the like manner, whether lie was convicted by a jury, by his own confession,by sanding mute when arraigned, by a writ of outlawry, or in any other legal way. But this A s st hail not a prospective operation, and there were *event! felonies to which the Act did not apply. His proposal now was to extend the principle of the Act of %Voltam the Third to all felonies since created, so that the same conse quences may follow in all cases where a conviction took place. Another improvement which lie meant to suggest was as to tits present state of the law as it affected accessories before the tact and accessories after the fact. The law as it now stood affected ac collieries before and accessories after the fact differently. In cases of robbery the accessory before the fact was liable to be tried in the county or town where the stolen goods were deposited or received, or where the act was committed, but the accessory after the fact could only be tried in the county whale the gonads were received or deposited. The anomalous state of the law, as it related to this subject, was brought to his notice a short time since, in conse quence of a very. daring robbery committed in the house of Lord I;owper, in the county of Hertford, by eight persona from Lon don, when property to the amount of nearly 3,0001. was stolen. The main instrument in this robbery had become an accessory after the fact, and for some time eluded justice by the strange discre pancy which lie just pointed out in the law. Ile was first brought to trial at Her t ford, but it appeared that he had not received any part of the property in that county. Ile was then arraigned at the Old Bailey. where the name objection applied; and at length it wan discovered that he had received (tome part of the spoil in the county of Surrey, where he wits convicted after a great deal of trouble, and after putting the county to a heavy expense. lie now proposed to nowt cases of this description by assimilating the law as it affected the accessory before the fact anti the accessory after the fact. There was another case respecing which he intended that some provision should be submitted to the House. In cases of misdemeanor Judges had no power of awarding expenses to pro. &motors. The prosecutor's expenses may be awarded in cases of felony, but there was no power in cases of misdemeanor. This ob tion led hint to a most important consideration, to which he had given the most attentive reflection, but upon which his bless must be much more meowed before he should submit any specific progosition concerning it to the House. lie thought our system, as regarded criminal prosecutions, was very defective in leaving the administration of public justice too much in the hands of private individuals. Our system was such that the prosecutor of crime was frequently liable to be influenfett by feelings of private re venge rather than of public advun'age. (Heitz, (tear, hear.) Take for example the case of assault with intent to commit a rape upon a woman in a low sphere of life, or, what was unfortunately i too common, an assault of this nature committed upon a child. In either case we expect the woman or the child not only to lay aside all feeling of shame for the sake of prosecuting the offender, but we also expect that the whole charge and expense of the pro secution is to fall upon the prosecutor or her relatives, who are most probably very poor persona. Toe effect of this consideration, joined to the effect of time upon feelings, at first vindictive and re vengeful, but .afterwartla rendered indifferent, in nine cases out of ten produced a compromise where persons were charged with the crime to which lie had alluded—assault with intent to commit a rape. In the case of a public-spirited who was willing to prosecute a public offender, the consequences were equally injurious to the administration of justice. A case of this kind was lately submitted to him, in which a most worthy and nietitorious magistrate in Yorkshire was concerned. There could be no harm in natal:lig him—he meant the Hey. Sydney Smith. That respectable gentleman thought it his duty to institute a prosecution against a constable on public grounds, and at the termilation of the prosecution he found he had incurred execnaes to the amount of MU. This case had been brought before him (Mr. I'M) not connected with any demand for payment of expenses, for Mr, Smith said that in his case it was a minter of no consideration, but he stated it only for the purpose of showing what an inipetli. relent the expense of prosecution &oust be in the way of public justice. He had only thrown out his 141(1fs on this subject ; it was too important to enter into more fully' at the present. lie did .nut now pledge himself to produce any measure of the kind, but lie was not at all sure that tine ends of public justice would not be greatly promoted, and the administration of justice much improved by taking the prosecution of criminal cases out of the hands of indi viduals, and transferring them to those of a public officer. (Rear.) This was the case in So/sid, where the criminal was not left so the . revengeful feelings of the prosecutor. There was another point in which the criminal proceedings of Scotland were different front those of England ; and is any case where the superiority lay with the for mer, he did not think any legislature would brand itself with a badge of degratletion by borrowing teom such a sodrce. (Hear.) He alluded to the power which the public prosecutor possesses, In Scotland of restricting the indictment, so that in certain cases the proceedings were not capital itt their consequences, transpor tation being the moritneni. These observations, he again ob served, had nothing to do with the measure which he had now the honour to introduce, and he merely threw them out as points worthy of sonic consideration. There was another great imperfection in our Criminal Law, which was the facility with which guilty persona escaped. A person prosecuting for murder may tonke a mistake is the name of the'decesaed, et the deceased may have had seven or eight surnames, and because one of those happens to be omitted, the murderer escapes. The instrutoeut with which the niurder -was committed, must also be described, though he could not conceive what that had to do with the ;Judi, of the party or the offence. lie thought too great scrupulousness and exactness upon those points was only calculated to defeat the ends of justice. Of the' None character were those exceptions by which an iudictment after judgment nosy be set aside, because ri et artnis, or words equally unimportant were omitted. lie did not see any object in retooling these technicalities. There were high authorities in support of his opinion, that they were useless and unnecessary encumbrances. On this point he ehonld only select the authority of that celebrated Juris-Consul, Lord Hale, who observed that ',umbers of persons charged with licinnua crimes wcte acquitted becaitee of exceptions alien to their indictments, which was a reproach to the law, a shame to the kiegdsni,and an encouragement to villainy. Lord Hale's language rosy reed as a preamble to a remedial Act on this rub ject, adding, and for the reformation of this overgrown curiosity and nicety, be it further eisected. lie did not entirely join in his ad miration of the law only beraitae It gave the memos of escape by mere verbal techniralihes. Ile was not one of those who could panegyrise the law hecamme it allowed the guilty to escape, but be. cause it facilitated the conviction of god., and die acquittal orinno cence. (Hear, hear.) Nothing could be more unsatisfactory to an innocent man than to owe his acquittal to such verbal technicalities. When he said that the best laws were those which give the greatest facility to the conviction of guilt, and the acquittal of hosectnee; he should have added on principles which cothl not be:Mused. Ile ehould not like to see persons charged with crimes compelled to accuse them. selves, as was the case in another country (hear). nor should be like to see persona presiding take such pains to establish the guilt oldie accused vs must dis q ualify them from charging the Jury with perfect impartiality. It was better that many guilty persons should escape titan that such a system should prevail. Av in what had fallen fro ti hint respecting th,e4ropriet y of the public defraying all the expenses of prosecutional yte vramswell aware that such a sys tem should he strictly guarded. We should not hold out an encouragement to prouctnions. He very much doubted whether any award of expenses should be made in cares of smooth. Ile did I did not mink awards necessary when the punishment which should be inflicted if the accused was convicted was venial. in no cue, perhaps, should any award be given where the punishment was nut as great as hard labour. The purpose of any such measure must be to facilitate the ends of justice. Those gentlemen who attended the Quarter Sessions could tell many cases of gross cri minal*, who had escaped from the inipnssibdity tf the prosecutor paying the expenses. The Bill he was now about to introduce clearly defined the power of Magistrates as to taking bail. The power of balling rested on a statute of Edward I. the proposed Bill would embrace all that related to that power, but it was no a new law, its object wax only to assimilate the law and the practice Perhaps it would be considered presumptuous of hint, who had not the advantages of a professional edue i tion, (hear, hear, hear,) to bring forward a measure of this kind. From his situation, however, he had the immediate super intendence of the administration of justice, every day lie had to advise his Majesty ax to the propriety of pardoning criminals, and he had daily and hourly opportunities of seeing how the system worked, Perhaps, therefore, time House would not consider him altogether presumptuous in having undertaken the first step to wards the improvement of the Criminal Code. If he had submit ted only his own cristle speculations beshould certainly be liable to a charge of presumption, hut he bad the good fortune to be us. sisted by summon,' of great ability, professional knowledge, anal mitx uerience. He was assisted by those who had helped him to prepare his Jury Bill, with the operation of whieh the catun:ry had oo reason to be displeased. The Bill wis reviewed by mahy of the judges and submitted he believed-to them all. Mr. Justice Holyrod and Mr. Justice Bailey had kindly devoted their attention to the surseute, and the public could never be too much obliged so the Chief Justice for the tufo! sdggesttons received front hint. In contradiction too vulgar prejudice which was abroad on this subject, he thought him. self bound to state, that he had never applied to any member of the legal profession without experiencing the most unecrii. vocal evidence, that it was the anxious desire of that pro feesion to rill the practice of the law of all useless tech. nicalitiea, and to free it from the obscurity in which sonic particular points were necessarily involved. Thus much he t thought necessary, in contradiction of the vulgar prejudice tha lawyers thought they derived some advantages from retaining use less technic:attics. His experience convinced him that the con trary was the fact. He would allude particularly to Mr. Hua i. who had devoted his time and talent to this subject; and he may say that every member of the profession with whom he had any means of communicating, seemed most anxious to clear away the impediments and dissipate the obscurity or our system of criminal jurisprudence. He had no other motive to the introduction of glow Bills than that of &mending the criminal laws ; he had no other desire than that of availing himself of the high official station which Ire had the ho. sour to hold, in order to confer a pefmanent Improvement upon the country. (Hear, hear.) If lie had any personal feeling upon the subject, it was only that just anti laudable ambition (hear, hear.) which actuated him to associate his name with a measure of such national importance as the consolidation of the criminal statutes of the empire. (Great cheers.) The Right lion. Gentleman then moved for leave to bring in a Bill to consolidate and amend the lava relating to larceny, embeszletiment, stealing, receiving stolen goods, and such other offences as are cognizable by the laws of England—and sat down amidst continued cheers from all parts of the House. . Sir M. W. RIDLEY stMl that the Right lion. Gentleman had pointed out in the course of his speech the measures which it was his wish to accomplish, and although he would thereby confer a lasting obligation on the country, still he was of opinion that he ought to extend the system of consolidation to the statute law, a task which, however difficult, was yet within the compass of his powers There was a law regarding the exportation Of horses which required some sort of alteration. The original law pruhi. bited the exportation of horses altogether. A subsequent enact ment permitted the exportation upon payment of a duty, but with. out repealing the former law, so that in point of fact both were in existence. There was also a law passed some years back, for the purpose of regulating the postage of letters to the Cape of Good /lope, into witch a claitse was introduced for the parpOse of ren dering free of postage all petitions sent by poet to of Par. lisment, for the purpose of presentment to that House. Surely the Right Hon. Gentleman would admit that such statutes required something to he done in the way of arrangement and consolidation. Mr. N. CALVERT said :hat he . had never listened to a speech with greater satisfaction that, he had felt while the Right lion. Gentleman was addressing the House; and he felt con. vinced that the cause to which he was tirecting the best energies of his mind, was one which could not fail to reflect immortal honour upon his character. (/tear, hear.) There was, however. one subject to which he hoped the Right Hon. Gentleman would direct his attention, as connected with the penal statutes of the kingdom. Under the existing laws, if a man took care not to commit any capital crime, he might go on for a length of time in a Mast mischievous career. They were punished, it was true, by being sent to prism or to the Penitentiary ; but it was a well known fact that, so tar from coming forth upon the world as re. formed characters , they in most instances left those places of punishment ten times more depraved than when they were first sent thither. Ile thought, for his own part, that every, man con. victed of felony should be transported; and in proportion to the magnitude of the felony, in such proportion should they be punished by minor gradations as to time. By the present mode of acting, persons who were guilty of repeated felonies were still retained in the country, perpetrating their felonies, and also cor rupting the rising generation. With respect to defraying the ex penses of tl, prosecution in cases of felony, he was of opinion that such a measure would tend to the diminution of crime; and he also thought that those expenses should be paid by the public generally. and not by any one elms of individuals. Sir R. WILSON said that the Right Hon. Gentleman would render a most important service to the country by the Bill which lie was then about to bring before the Legislature. (Hear, hear.) There was, however, one omission which he wished to point out to the notice of the Right Hon. Gentleman. lie was aware that they ought not to legislate upon particular cases, but the crime to which he intended to call his attention so materially affected the happiness of so many persons, that he was sure he world think it well worthy of his moat serious consideration. The crime to which he alluded was that of child-stealing, for which there was no punishment, as he had been informed, although it was true that the person who stole the child might' be indicted for stealing its clothes....(Hcar.hear.). . . _ 111 r. DICKINSON hoped that the Right lion. Gentleman, if he was resolved that the costs of prosecution should be defrayed in cases of felony, would not propose that they should be paid out of the county min, in the present distressed state of the landed interests of the cluntry. Mr. C. WILSON rose for theipurpose of testifying his gratitude, in conjunction with the general feelings of all who had heard the Right Hon. Gentleman, for the benefit which he was about to confer upon the country. With regard to defraying the costs of prosecutions, he thought it might be productive of evil conse- TlelleeS to do to in all instances: and perhaps it might not be right to leave the matter discretionary with the magistracy. The better plan would be to point out the line of demarcation between those eases in which the coats ought, and those in which they ought not, to he defrayed. Mr. LOCKIt ART adverted to the peesent system of criminal jurisprudence, rhich does not permit to a prisoner a copy of his in. dictnient. It Ives true that prisoners were allowed to see it, but that was a men: matter of courtesy and not of right. lie was of opinion every prisoner shook, be given a copy of his indictment, and that at as turfy a period as possible bafote hiatrial. Ile thought it would materially tend to diminish the number of crimes if a coo stahulary police were set on foot with some share of the ancient power which a constable was vested with. Constables of ancient times had several of those powers which were now exercised by tha magistracy ; but he did not wish to reinvest them with such power, but merely to enable them to detain persons in custody until they could be brought before a Magistrate. Crime had increased twofold in the country, while it haul mat at all increased in the me tropolis, which was chiefly to be attributed to the police establish ment which was in operation in Landon. The increase of crime might alto be attributed to the fact that in the country part* of England the authority of parents was materially lessened by the intervention of the Poor Laws. (Hear, hear.) lie was of opinion that such a system of police as that to which lie had alluded might he adopted beneficially for the cuuittry, without at all infringing on the liberties of the subject. Mr. ABERCROMBY said that it was unnecessary for him to say that he cordially agreed in the eulogiums which had been poured upon the Right lion. Gentleman for the great improve. ments that lie meditated. It was a subject of the greatest import ance—a subjert winch had engaged the attention of the greatest men whom this country had ever produced. (Hear, hear.) He entirely agreed in the points noon which the Right lion. Gentle man bail laid the greatest stress. Indeed lie believed there could not be found in that house • single dissentient opinion ; all must agree that nothing could be more Important than to render the law accessible to all. and that he believed was the mein object of the Right lion. Gentleman. lie felt the greatest aatislection in think. ing that lie had lived to see the day when • Minister of State bad ' risen in his place to call the attention of the House to the criminal code of the country. (Hear, hear.) There were doubtless many persons then present who could remember the opposition which was given to a small alteration in the criminal code when proposed on a former occasion by an Hon. Gentleman now no more (Sir S. Ro. 'Dilly). Then it was declared that such a measure was wild and impracticable, and calculated to effect all manner of contusion in the administration of ,justice. At the present period, however, he re joiced to see a much larger alteration about to take place, and with. out the slightest appeatance of apprehcnsion as to its result. Wear.) When the Right lion. Gentlemen had stated a eerie; of i farm, it became him to weigh well if the mere ermounc""allev seal : "P fren h a e,": e e ' l3 „ " r ' s nialael".:l4lc rapo'inntwoitalS4kel::PPeovtiwr:fbnjili:nto:wtrt;:len"'friti::Prebe.Yreeniurgt ramtsthritiitin7B:l:- these facts was not a proof that the law wee defective, ar i e e re , m- i t capit even further revision titan th at which he nropmed to earl, l eperatlon. The Right Hon. Gentleman had eyed that wIC e wished to know the number , , but in t h u i s o p / n the curiosity public t that right u e u should he entertained that such a number were eitetetted u , g 1,4 unfounded charge might be; alleged seeinet the Ministry )CZ ( hear, from Mr. Peel. ) H e was we ll aware t h at the number cured was comperatively very small, but he put it to the 11ew. whether the very ctreenteteectoi of the /montane!. di p reperiu. L -•-• tween the number tienvictetl and ponisher.l was not a proof e t'' imperfection of the law. It was also well worthy of consiti erL „. how notch of the increnee of crime wa s a tt r ib uta bl e to the f, TAWS. These letter were a chute of crimes which called for the e ; serious attention; and he was sure th a t if th e Ri g h t Han. (4„1"' man made implies , Into th e subject, suc h i nqu i ry could Dot hai lead to en alteration of thnee laws. lie co u ld not conelede witto' expressing a sincere hope that the present Bills were only ginning of that which the Right Hon. fl en d )e man Intender) I effect. He sincerely hoped that he intended t o carry his meek; mach farther, and he could assure him, while concurring i ll propriety of what be had already done, that in his efforts to reeit l7 date and amend the criminal jurisprudence of th e country, btu": meet with nothing in the shape of hostility front the Rae Bir o, Sir J. SEBRIG UT said that a large Proportion of the trim the country was to be attributed to the present system of (; aw l Laws. Those persons who were in the habit of Klie g trates in the country must be well aware that the fuel other . almost criminal was that of poaching. (Heer. hear.) Mr. SYKES warmly approved of the measures which th e eo n Honourable Gentleman was about to bring before Parliatnesi, Nothing could be more abmrd than making the eteellng of memo a felony, an offence of which few Members in that Hotue had re beet. guilty. He was afraid the vesting a diecretionary po wer av the Magistrates to grant costa would tend to encourage ttifling, vexatious promecutions. Sir H. CH ET W' YN D amid, in caste of emelt for the po rpow of violation or felony, it would bee peat hardship to call qv , sufferers to pay the expense of the prneeeutirwt. it was h ove ; necessary, in the present state of the landed interest., th e re Right Honourable Gentleman should be cantinue ne t h rov e es ‘ Cher burden, upon that species of property, by causing these , penses to be paid out of the 'flinty ' , at,. .With 11*p, Sp i h u had been said by an Hon. Member teiir R. W il son) as to Olathe* no law tei pettish clultlottealieg. he begged to observe ist test Honourable Gentleman ass neetipfnrmed upon the *abject. Then was a recent nature, panted ia.ahei fletlnfltn. TIT- by which th e offence was invii4lol.le as a grand larceny He made this obsetra deco biome he should be surly that it should go forth to the pabli e that there was no legal punishment fur such a crime hi-child. stealing. Mr. CSTCOURT was of opinion that the present Neuss crime had reference to the mate of the power clams of wain) and it would be therefore absurd to legislate upon the idea the it Wan the state of the laws which led to criminality. With repro to the toots of proenotion, the proportion paid at przsent was ter, tainly very small, and in a improvement of the law h e h ope d : specific sum would be state d ,Ile also hoped that those costs weal bet paid out of some other fund than the County Rate, which rn Levied upon one species of property only, which would be eked unjust—particularly when they bail another to restart to, eh) could with more fairness be appropriated to the purpose. fte luded to the general tatter of the country. Me. Alderman 'MIDGES mode some observations se to manner in which children in the metmpolis are suffered to t about the streets and p)ck up pernicious habits ; but we could I distinctly hear the IVosthy Alderman, owing to the noise is t body of the House. Mr. Secretary PEICL said that he was nut exactly aware bow could prevent little children from running shout the streets; if he should undertake such a task he hoped the Hon. :limber would ;mkt him. (A laitch) He could assure the House th A t ever y provision whi c h cools render the Rifle valuable—that every suggestion which might be otrered to render them of greater utilitj to the public. should nicer with from him the most anxious eaas i. deration. !fear, hear.) Ile would also assure them that tiny precautionary uleAsure should be adopted to avoid granting cosair improper cases. Ile certainly entertained an opinion that if • out of the public purse C.o.e costs might be greater than ._ checked by the comingeht circumstances of locality. In sapper, of this opinion he might allege the fact that at the Min.! I,'"' costs were invariably uiiich larger than where they were checked by the magistrates, alto had constantly in their minds wholesome recollection that they were themselves parties to payment of them. (Hear, hear). This however was Mime: a subordinate consideration. With regard to proceeding Cher than the present Bills proposed, he wished to observe, . the success of the plan he proposed depended in a great measure upon proceeding cautiousiy. There was a greater difficulty .‘ could well be imagined in superseding one set of laws for the , pose of introducing another, however superior might be those traduced. In proof of this position he would cite the Jury i (hear, hear), and lie was sure che House could form no concept of the sorrespondenes which had taken place from all parts of country upon that Bill--a Bill the provisions of which were and intelligible to the commonest understanding. This showed that to introduce reforms too hastily would be to create centiliter and to risk the defeat of the object which he had in view. (He hear, hear.) If the House took for a moment into its consider. the laws which have already pasted relative to the modllicati • the laws of the country, they would perhaps think lie was pt. jag in the plan which he had undertaken with sufficient rap (Hear, hen.) There was one subject, by no means unimp which he had forgotten to mention in the course of his sport , had neglected to state that it was his intention to provides real for the evils resulting Isom the operation cf the law triar , •4l the estrcats of recognizance.. (Hear, hear. hear.) lle lull in hand a petition from a person in Shrewsbury gaol under the lowing circumstances t--In the year 1818 he was bound to op at the Assizes as a witness in recognizances of 12/. Business vied him to London a short time prior to the Assizes, and of return he got lame upon the road. Ile arrived notwithatandit.g the day on which he was to make his appearance, and resit: during the entire day in tile hall of the Court, hut was not el his evidence being deemed unnecessary. Vet five years afterra this man was arrested upon the catreat of his recognizance thrown into prison. (Hear, hear, hear.) This untortunste I wits 74 years old. (Hear. hear.) One of the objects which be posed to himself was effectually to prevent the recurrence of t lamentable circumstance*. (Hese, hear.) Ale. CURTEIS said a few words, which were inaudible in Gallery, After'which leave was given to bring in the Bill. Mr. PEEL then moved for leave to bring in a Bill to Amend the bawls relating to Felony, and the punishment of accessories, and also for the payment of the expenses of prosecution. Leave given. STEAM-VESSELS IN SCOTLAND. The LORD A DVOC.ITE mae for the purpose of bringing the the subject of Steam N..vigation before the attention of the h Ouse. Numerous accidents had occurred in the mismanagement of the vessels which were impelled by the power of steam in Scotland, and it was desirable that some mode should be adopted to remedy the m►ny fatalities which had happened in consequence of the n rors of those persons who had been entrusted with the superin tendence of the steam-boats. It was indispensible that those who had the guidance and tfirection of the steam-veesels should rosiest sufficient knowledge to secure the lives of the passengers, who re lied for the safety of their lives on the science and fidelity of those persons who regulated the movements of the ships by means of steam. The Ilembers of that house must be well aware of the fatal events which had occurred In consequence of the negligence or ignorance of persons to whom such important manna es iovolred the lives of many unsuspecting passengers were confided. There should be some mode instituted for the purpose of preventing sup h dreadful fatalities as that which had been witnessed in the Vlyde• It appeared to him that some remedy could he easily devised infhl‘ respect. If a course of signals had been adopted in the iintance to which he had alluded, those unfortunate persons whose lives weft sacrificed would have been preset:ed. Ile should therefore move far leave to bring in a Bill to Regulate the Navigation by Steam of vessels in Scotland. Mr. HUME had no objection is the principle which had bcro introduced by the Learned Lord; but he thought that iegi , lengt should not be called on to relieve particular cirtumstances. when the application might have been made general. He could ant conceive why the adaptation of the measure should not be e ter.ecti to every cue in which vessels were acted on by steam. 11 by ni.t prevent on every occasion the loss of lives if the benefit cowid s he derived in any particulat,instance? He saw no uetaaiva for =kg* an exception in the rule. sir 11. PARNELL perfectly agreed with the principle of the Bill, which be thought called for by all the instances which had occurred train its omission. Tiwtsc calamities were indeed ea• merous, but they were not confined to. Scotland. lie WOO bony that several cases had occurred in the Dublio attain navigation d similarly disastrous nature to that which the Noble Lord adduced in the preface to his motion. He dal not apprehend any opposition would be made to the measure, as the principle had been recor need on various occasions_ by the sanction of Parliamenr. Acts of Parliament had been made to regulate, under security of the persons concerned, the property In all vessels which foundered. The principle had been referred to mail coaches, which were, not paid unless the arriv a l of the goods preceded the demand o f payment. It was, in his opinion, necessary that penalties should be inflicted where the security of what was trarsmitted required that the owner should have some certain rule by which to determine the risk of the conveyance. An lion. 1,1 EMBER, whose name we could not learn, said OW he agreed in the object of the Learned Lord who made the motion. As he understood it, the measure was intended so to operate that vessels on the ',larboard should give way to those on the larboard, and lie thought that this wu a desirable mode to prevent a repeus don of such accidents as that which had occurred in the Clyde. Admiral HARVEY defended the principle of the itaxierli and was cialy sorry that its sphere of operation was so limited. He was anxious that it should be more general, as in that ease it world be productive of more good. Mr. SYKES thought that the measure involved a violation of the principle of free trade, with which the House bad already `a unanimously concurred. The motion of the Learned Lord was an interposition not sanctioned by the feeling and judgment which had already adopted t h e f ree trade sstem. He did not see what it.tht there was fur an interfer e n ce o ; t his description with the rights of the owners of the vesse l s . I t was hi s i ntent i on to oppose me B ill. The LORI) ADVOCATE explained. Sir CURISTOPHER COLE thought that the accident which 11 111 tC *taw hid en t 0 4. vat mi t t fete r int o ie:te; n t h e two t•II of sbn ion o r. w oo not ant Nev ace 0111 Finis t law h o , fro goy ire Nut *NI rrm, tO Prlllg, to , ra4 Al th te to a t o . wi ed N we Ow e , NS' be tett 114 Gifts !Avs . .ra of I meet I. Ist 4 IP* it with hit th sad pt tho • et Vent 41 the it fat.. es,, b. al it ttor Three u eh " • a , NeiTll. SI pablie child. u ose et teiety. het it NOMI Ct?. letl a . tt would tl beta if which Ile aL to Wit u rlo 11,1 Id ant in the tote be le le but 11 wake to /h i d it t every. , 0 war! • cone. t every oats in e If paid when tiPPott I thOtt hecked da tie to the %elle e g fut. A e, that' lesson y than le par ow la. re ceptioa of the e cleat lh Cntal ; (Hear, a • t o •. , to t• 1 eittely toia to itit hi t, t- is g ot'ew cehed, awards tee and to men he pro- of bUdl in the Amend write, ing the Maw. of the adand, „. remedy the er- • vain- se who rosiest 'llO re- t those rens of of the knee woke(' There ig so, h Clyde . in ,this aro, Ca were e more earn of been tslatton • when oht Doc ttended • h y sot oral be roshiha I of the 'eh had ed ru. ▪ 911ITY on of It idductel plitloo TK•Olc tn. i f of the ntlerea. h were . and at bhouitt red that lltie the lid that notion. • ice that rboard, repro-