The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1825-03-17 00:00:00

1.. the srittoit vrefso. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Tab Beenlag, THURSDAY. March 17, will be performed HASLIET. Hamlet. Mr. Kean. Oahella Hirst time), Mtge Gsaddon. Atter winch, tiAltt.tqulN AND THY. TAI LINO Olen, THic SINGING TREES, AND GOLDEN KA rgas. Hatltodu. Mr. Howell irby I Pantaloon, 11 141 es Barnett.lr. T. Blanchard; Clown, Mr. K. Cultunlehte. _ _ THEATRE ROYAL. COVENT-GARDEN. TYN Evening. THUIitcDAV, March IT. will be performed A ROLAND FOR AN OLIVER. Mt ?lark Cha Mr, se RMr. ner Fawcett: Alfred Rightber Mr. Jones: Fixture . ay. Maria Darlington, M lss F,xne. After which, CLAW: Or, THE MAID eI MII.AN. The Doke Vivaldi. Mr. T. P. Cooke: itolsmo. Mr. rawecte. Chart MIR M. Tree; Yoovins. Was Love. To conclude with Al. ADDIN; Or, THE WoNDERFUI, LAMP. Aladdin, Mrs. IMAM': ALansear, Mr. Farley. The Mitsui' rime commenced publishing yesterday morning at five o'clock. LONDON, THURSDAY. M.ticx 17, 1825. The Paris Papers of Monday are not more interesting than their predecessors for several days. They contain ' much speculation as to the visit of M. DE METTERNICH. It is generally believed that the object of the Austrian Statesman is to engage the French Court to make common cause with his own respecting the affairs of Greece. The Turkish Empire is sinking daily into greater feebleness ; all the operations of the Government are paralysed by its penury. The preparations for fitting out its naval force are suspended, and the most severe orders have been sent into the provinces to levy exorbitant contributions for the use of the State. 'The deliverance of South America continues in a great treasure to engross the attention of the French politicians. A just and well-written panegyric on Boi.IVAR appears in the Constitationne/. The news from Spain represents that kingdom to be in as distracted and wretched a condition as ever. It is thought that the debate on the Law of the Rentes will commence on Thursday ; between this time and that day the Deputies will meet in the Bureaux to nominate the Committees on the Budget and the Law of Accounts. 'From the Etaik, dated Tuesday.] PARIS, 3loacit 14. Prince sletternich arrived at Paris yesterday evening. The journey of the Emperor of Austria to Milan is now beyond all doubt. We see in the journal of the Two Sicilies that King tancis I. has received an invitation for his Imperial Majesty to meet him at Milan, for the purpose of conferring with him. Hi s Majesty has accepted with great pleasure this invitation. The Luau:wit Gazette announces, that the Duke of Covello, who is at Lucerne, has been informed Met the new Government is re solved to apply to Switzerland for a corps of troops, and that the zegeciations on the subject would be confided to him. We read to-day io a journal, that it was reported at Bayonne on the 7th, that the French garrison or Corunna had orders to eva cuate that place. The garrison of Corunna made part of the troops left in Spain beyond the number fixed by the convention at thz desire of the King of Spain. They will return to France on Ist of April, as we have already said, as well as the garrisons of Santana and Sarragossa. FRENCH Fuxo3.—Peats. 31aacn 14.—Five per Cents. J. du 12 31ars, 1825, opened at 1034 40c. ; closed at 1018. 3k. Bank Stock, 2,045 f. Rente d'Espagne, 204 f. Rente de Haples, Cer tif. Falconnet, 91f. 20c. Royal Spanish Loan, 1823, 59i. Ex change on London—one month, 25f.; throe ditto, 24f. 85c.—Cerro dettteatique, Mareh 14. On the second reading of the Pasco-Peruvian Mining Company Bill last night there was some discussion, which, in these days of speculation, is not wholly unworthy of notice. Mr. Iloamocse endeavoured to redeem his pledge by bringing forward the matter of accusation he possessed against this project. Much that he said was equally appli cable to all other similar undertakings. The chief objection was against the title on which the Company found their property in the mines. This is a question of fact on which at present the public are not competent to S'ecide. That the mines are likely to yield a great revenue was amply proved by the authorities quoted by Mr. F. BCXTON, who declared that he was not personally interested in the dis cussion ; and there was one remark made by that gentle man to which individuals would do well to attend, viz., that " representations made for the purpose of depressing the market may be quite as injurious as those made for the purpose of raising it." Disappointed parties not unfre quently take their revenge by decrying the undertakings in which they are not suffered to participate. There can be no doubt that many of the projects now in the market are calculated, not only to yield much individual advantage, but greatly to forward the public benefit. It behoves every person, before he enters into any scheme, to weigh well the consequences of failure and the proba bilities of success. Many, who should not adventure, are no doubt tempted to embark their small capitals in the alluring speculations that are opened before them; but whatever individual inconvenience or loss may result from this imprudence on their part, surely it would be the very reverse of wisdom to interdict others competent to endure the risk, from those bold attempts which almost invariably end in promoting the public interests, by extending the range of public enterprise, and multiplying the sources of public wealth. develop—of illustrating their influence on education, and of pointing out the very important results to which they lead. CITY, WEDNESIIAY Ertarso. There was scarcely anything doing in the English Mo ney Market this morning. Consols for Money were at 931/. am! for the Account at 934 i. The Foreign Market was a degree lighter than it has been for some days. Old Spanish Bonds were done as high as 231, and the New at 24 This rise is attributed to the near approach of another Spanish Loan on the terms that the English capitalists have proposed, and which we some time since announced as being in progress. South Ameri can Securities were heavier than any other. Colombian Bonds, 9041 ; Mexican Scrip, 1823, A 3 ; and Brazilian Scrip of the same period at a similar price. The old Greek Bonds were done at 514 32; and the law Greek Scrip was evid e ntly b etter . I t was latterly done at 44 4, and there were many buyers at the latter price. The parties hostile to the Loan were very little in the market, and brokers were doing a great deal of business in the Scrip. The Shares for the most part were steady :—Paseos fluctuated between 2' and 24, and a good many purchases made at 23. The new Mexican Company's Shares were at Bto 7 ; and the Colombian Agricultural Shares from 14} to 15}. There was nothing doing in Railroads. In the Colonial Market there were no actual purchases of Sugars made ; but there seemed to be a greater dis position to buy them than has appeared for several days past. Although no real sales were effected, yet we should be inclined to say that the prices will rather advance than otherwise. There were some forced sales of Ci free at con siderably lower prices. There was nothing doing in Spices. We understand that it is in contemplation to equalise the duties on Isle of France and West India Sugars. A deputation of merchants and others interested in the trade of the Isle of France waited upon Lord Liverpool yester day upon the subject. They were favorably received ; but we believe no definitive answer was given to them by the Noble Earl. WINDSOI, TUILSDAY MARCII 13.—His Majesty has not a s yet left the R oyal Lodge, either for the purpose of attending Divine Service, or taking his accustomed airings. The Princess Sophia visited the Duke of York yester day. The Royal Duke is sitting to Behnes for his bust. Lord Mount Charles having taken his seat in Parlia ment, no longer acts as Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. Sir Charles Stuart, Ambassador to the Court of Brazil, set sail for Lisbon on Tuesday morning, from which city it is understood Sir Charles will proceed as Ambassador Extraordinary to the Emperor of Brazil. Sir Charles was formerly our Ambassador to the Court of Portugal during the apace of five years. We learn by the Mexican, Capt. Atkins. which arrived on Sunday from Havannah, whence she sailed on the 47th January, that the expedition which had recently arrived there from Spain, consisting of one frigate, three corvettes, one brig of war, and between twenty and thirty trans ports, with troops, had sailed a few days previously fur St. Juan de Callao, for the purpc .e of reinforcing the garrison there.—Liverpool Advertiser of Ti, esda A letter from Lima, after giving an account of the late victory of Bolivar's army, says—" This at once terminates Peru's struggle for its independence, as the whole Spanish force was united, and is exterminated. Though Botta may not comply in delivering up the Castles, they cannot hold out long, since they are already blockaded by land by Bolivar and his troops. Bolivar has been here for three weeks; the Castles will also soon be blockaded by sea, by the reunion of the Chili and Peruvian squadron. The Spanish 64 gun ship Asia is making eight inches water an hour, owing to the bad weather she encountered in beating up to Quilca. The enthusiasm shown on this occasion has been without comparison beyond any thing I have previously witnessed in this hemisphere. I trust we shall in a few months have peace established on a permanent footing. Bolivar is a prudent, cautious, firm man ; and I hope he may condescend to remain here for one year to consolidate all matters, and then we may hope to have a good Govern ment." Dr. SMIZHEIM, as will be seen in another part of our paper, has commenced his Course of Lectures on PH at NO.. LOGY. The great progress which this science has recently made, both here and on the Continent, and its astonishing operation as applied to the intellectual education of all classes, and to the moral culture of the faculties of the human mind, induce us to direct the public attention to the subject of these Lectures, se connected with the most interesting inquiries that can possibly occupy their investi gation. That education does not produce any faculties, is a truth so strongly confirmed by experience as hardly to be denied. Our endowments, whether of the body or the mind, make a part of the original conformation of our na ture ; it is our task to restrain those affections and passions Which, under proper regulations, are essential to the enjoy ment of life, and to cultivate and bring to perfection those higher faculties and feelings which constitute its highest dignity and its chief value. Mr. Coomse, of Edinburgh, has truly remarked, in his excellent " Essays on Phrenology," that the system of Drs. GALL and SPIJKZIIIIm was at first generally conceived to be merely an empirical theory, the utmost utility of which was to enable us to gratify an idle curiosity by guessing at the propensities of others. This opinion has been since superseded by a very different conviction. It is now ad mitted, that, to use the language of this writer, " It is a system of the philosophy of Man, embracing the considera tion of Isis moral and intellectual faculties, and the appa rent connection of those faculties with his organic consti tution." At a Meeting of the Committee of Lloyd's held yester day, it was resolved that it be proposed to the subscribers at a General Meeting on Wednesday next, to vote 100!. to Mr. Cook, Master of the Cambria ; and the like sum to ' be divided among the crew and others who were on board that vessel, for their humane and praiseworthy exertions in saving .547 persons out of the Kent East Intliaman, which they fell in with on lire on the Ist instant; also, 20!. to Mr. Bibby, Master of the Caroline, and his crew, for picking up fourteen soldiers whom they discovered on part of the wreck of the Kent the day after she blew up. It is needless to add that the proposal will be carried unanimously. Feet TRADE.—The question respecting the policy of a free trade is now in a course of animated but temperate discussion in almost all the manufacturing districts; and, as far as we have been able to collect the general opinion on the subject, we have no hesitation in stating, that it is strongly in favour of an unshackled commerce, provided this freedom be extended to the trade in agricultural produce, without which, indeed, it would be mere mockery to speak of a free trade; and, judging from the public meetings which have already taken place for the considera tion of this interesting question, we think it is highly pro-' bable that in the course of the present Session petitions will be presented from all the great commercial and manu facturing towns in the kingdom, for a revision of the laws respecting the importation of grain, which must bo at the foundation of any comprehensive or consistent system of free trade.—Lirerpool Advertiser. Statement of British and Foreign Tonnage cleared out wards from the ports of Great Britain and Ireland, for the year ending sth January, 1825: GREAT BRITAIN. - IRELAND. British Tonnage . 2,492,402 I British Tonnage - 70,317 Foreign ditto . 690,374 Foreign . 46,356 WINES AND SPIRITS.—The total number of casks of wine bonded in the London Docks during the years 1823 and 1821, was 100,141 ; the number remaining in bond on the .sth of January last was 45,080. The number of casks of spirits bonded during that time was 32,499 ; and the number in bond on the sth of January 13,598. TOIACCO.—It appears by the official returns which have just been printed that the quantity of tobacco and snuff i■ England, Scotland, and Ireland, on the 10th of October last, was :—linmanufactured tobacco, 1,031,7451b5. ; Ina nafactured tobacco 1,016,2981b5. ; snuff' 545,4661b5. The quantity upon which duty was paid from the 6th of Jan. 1894, to the sth Jan. 1825, was 16,931,6721b5. The general importation into St. Petcrsburgh in thy course of last year amounted to 120,446,175 rubles ; and the exportation to 97,066,608 rubles. Among the 116 wholesale houses mentioned in the commercial list, that of Clemers and Berg imported to the greatest amount, namely, 16,681,075 rubles; and that of Thornton, Cayley, and Co. exported to the greatest amount, via. 8,900,850 rubles. MECHANICS INSTITUTION.—A very numerous and highly-respectable Meeting took place on last Tuesday evening, at the Gibraltar Chapel, Bethnal-green, to hear the second introductory lecture, to be given gratuitously by Mr. l'artington, preparatory to the formation of a new branch of the Mechanics' Institution in that neighbour hood. The lecture was on the chemical properties of atmospheric air, and wan delivered in clear and plain language, free from technical expressions, and illustrated with a number of pleasing experiments, with which his audience appeared highly delighted. The Meeting, which consisted of about 800 persons, was highly respectable, and the best possible order was observed throughout. CLERGY or FRANCE.—The Report of the state of the French Clergy, of Ist Jan. 1825, gives the following enu meration :—Archbishops and bishops 73, vicars-general 287, titular prebendaries 725. honorary prebendaries 1,113, curates 2,828, vicegerents 22,225, vicars 5,396, priests re sident in parishes or authorised to preach and confess 1,850, priests being masters and professors in seminaries 876, pupils 4,044, monk: and others 19,271. CATHOLIC CLEan v.—The Carlow Morning Post says, " We believe we anticipate every Irish Journal in the following authentic intelligence. The Archbishops ate to have an annuity from the Government of 1,5101. ; the Bishops 1,0001.; and the Pariah Prints 300!. each." Both our tune and space forbid us from entering at pre sent on this subject beyond what may be found in our remarks on Dr. Sruazircisea first lecture; but we shall itke au opportunity occasionally, as his lectures pro ceed, a discussing the principles they art intended to THE BRITISH PRESS. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. Lady Grantham entertained a large party of fashionable, on TuesdaZ evening at her house in St. James's-square. Mr. Secretary Peel gave a Cabinet dinner yesterday at his reel dence, Whitehall. The Earl of Darnley entertained the Directors of Ancient 3lusie and a distinguished party at dinner yesterday, at his house in Berkeley -square. Lady Gwydyr entertained a large circle of distinguished fashion. able* yesterday evening at her house in Piccadilly. The Coon ten of Essex had an elegant card party yesterday even ing at her house in Hill-street, Berkeley-square. FAA Whitworth and the Duchess of Dorset have issued cards of invitation for an entertainment on Saturday next, at their house in Oroevenor.square. Countess Stanhope has left town for het seat in Kent. The Marquis of Huntly has left town for Scotland. Lord George Lennox has arrived in town from his seat in Sussex. Lord and Lady Rolle and family have arrived at their house in Upper Or6svenot-street, from their seat near Exeter. Earl and Countess DelaWarr have arrived at their house in Upper Grosvenor -street, from their seat, Bourn Hall, Cambridgeshire. Mr. and Mrs. Warn and family have arrived at their house in Stratford-place from their seat, West Cliff, near Ramsgate. Sir Gilbert Heathcote, Bart. M.P. has arrived in town from his seat, Durdam, Epsom. Sir Wm. and Lady Pringle have arrived at their house in Strat ford-place from a tour. Mr. and Mrs. Lepse arrived yesterday at the Pultener Hotel, Albemarle -street, from their seat in Yorkshire. %i, m. Little&le, Esq. has left ditto for Bath. Arrivals at the Royal Hotel, St. James's-street :—T. P. Dicken son, Esq., E. W. Dickenson, Esq.. Lightbody, Esq., Minshull, Esq., from Liverpool ; J. Benyon, Esq. ; J. J. Guest, Req. Departures:-- Forsyth, Esq.; G. S. Smith. Esq.: Bush, Esq. ; Fitzroy, Esq. ; J. Sparks, W. 11. Dow biggin, Mrs. Dowbiggin, and Miss Ramsay Maul. COLONEL BERKELEY. CffettExtiese, Maiten 14. All Cheltenham are set together by the ears to-day, from the circumstance of Colonel B—'s calling upon the Editor of the Mg 'trauma Journal, to whom he is said to have given as severe a horse whipping as perhaps any man ever received. You are doubtless aware that the Cheltenham Journal has of late spoken freely and anequivocally of the actidna and character of that gentleman, and particularly of a late ball, which seems to have aroused the indig. nation of the Gallant Colonel. The Editor's name is Mr. Judge. This affair took place about three o'clock. filaucx 15. The gross outrage of which I sent pal the heads yesterday has excited the public interest in an unprecedented degree. It was ru moured about, till a late hour last evening, that Mr. Judge was considered in danger in consequence of the severe blows he received on the head. I am, however, happy to state, that his professional attendants now pronounce trim out of danger, and it in hoped he will do well. An examination of this affair is expected to take place before the Magistrates to-morrow, when no doubt respettable bail will be required, and the parties bound over to answer the as sault at the Sessions. The following is a copy of a hand.bill that has just been issued :— DIABOLICAL OUTRAGE I " Whereas, yesterday afternoon, about three o'clock. two fellows, in the garb of gentlemen, in company with • William Fitzhardinge Berkeley,' commonly called • Colonel Berkeley,' did enter the resi dence or the Editor of the Cheltenham Journal, in Northfield-place, in this town, and there and then, without any provocation, did com mit a most gross, atrocious, brutal, and unmanly outrage upon the person of the said Editor. A handsome reward is hereby offered by the Proprietors of the Cheltenham Jove air! to any person or per sons vim will furnish the names of the said party, at the Journal Office, in order that the miscreants may be brought to justice. " Cheltenham Journal Office, March 15, 1826." TO THE EDITOR OF THE BRITISII PRESS. March 16, 1826. Sit —The ability with which your Paper is conducted, and the general accuracy of its statements, have given me great confidence in your judgment and discrimination. I therefore exceedingly re gret that you should have admitted the unjust and nulicious attack on a highly respectable silversniith, which appeared in your co lumns of yesterday. With that gentleman I have had no commu nication, and I is.Nsure you that a love of truth, a desire to rescue the innocent from unmerited reproach, are the only motives which Induce me to request the insertion of the following statement : When the Archdeacon retired from the arduous duties of St. Martin's, the Gentlemen who composed the Vestry resolved una nimously to present their revered Pastor with a piece of plate, as a token of their unfeigned regard. The proposed amount was tot mediately collected amongst themselves, and a deputation appointed tce make the necessary purchase. Knowing that Mr. T— dealt largely in the kind of article they wanted, the deputation waited on him, and inspected many superb pieces of exquisite workmanship, but the most attractive object was a second-hand salter of immense weight, and a model of perfection both in design and execution. The Gentlemen knew it was aceond.hand, and only regretted that the price exceeded their subscription, or they would have preferred it to any other. In order to meet the wishes of the deputation, and to add to the testimonies of esteem which he had manifested for the Archdeacon, Mr. T— with that liberality which has always distinguished him, voluntarily made a sacrifice, and reduced the price, so as to meet the liniitei subscription. Thus It appears that the Gentlemen knew the plate to be second-hand, and purchased it as such. The plate was presented to the Archdeacon ; but in accordance with the proverb, " that two of a trade seldom agree," there were some narrow-minded men in the parish, who either envious of the prosperity of their neighbour, or from want of better employment, took the trouble to trace this second-hand plate to its successive owners, and triumphed in the discovery, that iu the mutations of for tune it was once touched by unholy hands. This report was indus triously circulated, and some one more malignant than the rest sent an anonymous letter to the Archdeacon, which caused immediate in quiry. On application to hit. T—, he proved most satisfactorily that the salrer was purchased amongst other second-hand silver at apsblic sole in the ordinary course of business, and not at the place mentioned in your Paper. These are the facts of the ease; and surely it is un reasonable to expect, that a silversmith should be called upon to trace the pedigree of second-hand silver. In many cases this must be impossible, and it would be equally unreasonsble to expect that he should ascertain the moral chsracter of every individual through whose hands it may have passed ; nevertheless it is for this omis sion, from this want of power beyond his reach, that an attempt is made to hold up a highly honourable man as a disreputable tradesman. The article of which I complain is evidently the production of two persons, for no one who is master of the felicitous style in which the communication is made, would so far degrade his pnwm as to he the originator of such false accusations. It is this latter I complain of, and it is impossible to imagine that any other feeling than rooted hatred or deliberate malice actuated him; bat those who are more immediately concerned will no doubt treat such malignity as it deserves. VERITAS. P. S. The plate presented to the Archdeacon by the parishioners was rot even in contemplatation till the Vestry set the example. *„." We can easily excuse the seal of Voila+ on behalf of his friend. It may be some consolation to him to know that though we treated the incident to which he refers as somewhat ludicrous, as in truth it was, yet we never for a moment considered the slightest imputation of a want of integrity as attaching to Mr. T— in the affair. Dovsa, M•aest 1.5.—11 is Serene Highness Prince Itererbary embarked for Calais this morning on board the King George passage vessel, under a salute from the guns at the Hi ights. His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, his Excellency the Hon. Colonel Cathcart, and the Marquis of Aylesbury, arrived at Wright's Hotel last night ; the two latter sailed in his Majesty s packet the Fury, for Calais, and the former in the Monarch this morning for Boulogne. No arrivals to-day from France. Sir W. Congreve is at Berlin, making preparations for lighting that city with gas. The late Colonel Stanhope has left one son, who, in ad dition to what his father will have left him, at the death of Lady Banks (the widow of Sir Joseph), will come into pos session of the Lincolnshire Estate, worth, it is said, about 20,0001. per annum. Miss Macauley is giving , her " Dramatic di s pl a y o f t h e varied style of Recitation, to crowded audiences at Bath, where her talents and amiable character have deservedly made her a great favourite. We leant that it is not true that Mr. Macready has had a relapse, or that his state of health will at all interfere with his profession, as stated in a paragraph copied from a Country Paper. He was advised by his physicians to renounce his country engagements; but a very recent letter from him states, that his health was almost completely re established, and that he should resume his engagement at Drury-lane immediately after Easter. We arc sorry to learn, that Mr. Charles Phillips, the Barrister, is dangerously ill, at Shrewsbury, of an in flammatory attack. He is not expected to live.—An Even ' ing Paper of yesterday says, " Mr. Phillips was taken dangerously ill at Worcester, but we are happy to hear he is so far recovered that it is expected r he will meet the Judges at Shrewsbury to-morrow." E. C. Haeth o pp, F,sq. of Four Oaks, near Sutton Coldfleld, and Charles Shipley, Esq. of Co'cabin, have 1 1 consented to officiate as Stewards at the next Warwick Races. The name of Major-General Sir George Leith, Bart., was by accident omitted as having attended his son Mr. Leith at Aylesbury, when the parties concerned in the recent melancholy occurrence at Eton were put upon their tr;al. Yesterday, a Court of Directors was held at the East India House, when the ship Dukc of York was taken up, aud consigned to China direct. PIIIIE,VO 1.(1G Y. [We were reluctantly obliged to omit the following ac count of Dr. SPUItZIIEIM'S Lecture in our Paper of yester= day, from the want of r00m.3 Dr. Sri: fume' m commenced Lott night his first Course of Lec tures at the Crown and Anchor. This being the first Lecture, may be regarded an merely introductory, and as paring the way to the ultimate objects of investigation. He began by explaining the oh: ject of Phrenology, and its usefulness. He expatiated upon its utility to the medical profession—to the improvement of philoso phy—too the advancement of education—and to the perfection of the arts of mutation, as ailied with sculpture and portrait painting. That a perfect acquaintance with the functions of the brain is of the greatest importance to the physician is manifest, because until he is enabled to discover the influence of the ntenfal upon the roi-- pores! frame, his treatment of the maladies of either can be guided by no sound principles; for, as the diseases of the body deptnd essentially on the condition of the mind, all medical science Must be defective and indeterminate in proportion as the functions of the brain are imperfectly known ; since it is only as they are un derstood correctly that any just intirences can be drawn, of ap plied in the way of remedy to the disorders which ensue from their morbid action. It is well known in how great a degree those disorders which are called Nervous in females are occasioned by the passions and affections of the mind.—by love, jealousy, dis appointment, and by the various other causes wt,feh disturb its se renity, and consequently derange its functions. The sudden ex cess of joy or grief, though opposit.: affections of the mind, produce the same result ; and, in some instances, where the individuals are strongly susceptible, produce sudden death, which sufficiently de monstrates the action of themint: upon the corporeal frame. The importance of Phrenology in reducing the philosophy of the mind to an intelligible system, and placing that system on a basis that cannot be shaken, it would be superfluous to dwell upon. Doctor SPURZHEI SI completely refuted the vague speculations upon which all our metaphysical treaties on the mind have been hitherto made to rest. It has been treated by the Metaphysician as a single power, generating ideas in • mysterious manner, and pos ' sealing/acuities inexplicably contained in the brain as a grotto! mass. But all their language on this momentous subject has b-en confused, their terms are incapable of any positive practical appli. cation: the instant you attempt to apply their doctrines to any useful purpose. either in the conduct of education or in the inter course of common life, they are found to be mere theories that can neither be traced to any intelligible origin, nor employed to any useful end. But the Phrenologist can assign a distinct meaning to the terms he adopts, he can refer his language to specific facts, and an illustrate its meaning by actual experiment ; it thus enables every one to judge for himself how far the principes of the science are sound and its reasonings correct. The Doctor dilated on the fundamental utility of the science as the basis of education, and of all those Institutions which are in. tended for the moral improvement of mankind; and we are quite satisfied that lie is borne out by experience to the full length of his conclusions. It is a fact which forces itself upon the observation of all, that some persons are endowed by nature with extraordinary faculties; that some have a facility of acquiring certain arts in which others, with their utmost labour, can never excel. The science of Phrenology enables us to perceive by thc external con formation of the skull what faculties, passions, and propensities, are possessed in • greater or less degree, and consequently which of them it would be important to exercise and cultivate if defec tively developed, and which to regulate and restrain if they are naturally too energetic. What is there in the metaphysical Treatise Of the Mind that can enable us to do this' Phrenology unfolds all those faculties and powers of the mind upon which education is destined to act; and to all therefore who have the managemtnt of youth, and to whom the formation of the moral character of the rising generation is entrusted, it becomes a science of the very first importance. The Doctor very ably enforced the neer sity of this study to por trait painters and sculptors, and there is certainly no class of per suns to whom, professionally, it can be more essential. He pro ceeded to show how grea ly the expression of character depends en the conformation of the head. We all express ourselves imper. ceptibly in language warranted by actual observation, when we say an elevated mind, as contrasted with a low mind; which infers an opposite character and opposite qualities. No artist ever painted the S•LVATOR MUNDI with a low forehead, nor JUDAS IS C•Illor with a high one, he would perceive, without being a Phre nologist that the former would be destitute of all mental energy; that the latter would display an elevation of character ; and that in both the external form would denote the reverse of what he in tended to describe. The JUPITER of thc anCienti was always ' sculptured with a head the conformation of which was Full of na tural majesty. The Doctor, while speaking on this subject, re-' marked with great justice, that the ancients never gave to a Gla diator the same formed head as to a priest, but preserved almost invariably • consistency between the external form and the actual character. He produced a bust of the Vex us cat 31enlets, and remarked that, notwithstanding the extreme beauty of her face, the ' smallness of the head and its outline indicated great imbecility. We are disposed, however, to think, that the sculptor might, in this instance, have considered the smallness of the head as in keeping with the delicacy of the entire form, and that he wrought his model without regard to the relation between intellectual and personai perfection. It Is certain, however, that portrait painters have bestowed their attention much too exclusively on the face and the features; they havebeen, the the most part, satisfied with obtaining the likeness in as far as it depended on the mere countenance, with out considering how much its character depended on the exact delineation of the form of the head, and the accurate outline of every part above the rye-brow, as well as beneath it. We regret that our time will not permit us to enter equally into detail on the remaining topics which this Introductory Lecture em braced. We shall take sonic nature opportunity of investigatirg them, and the evidence on which they are founded. In the subsequent part of the Lecture, Dr. SPURZUEIM expa tiated on the influence of temperaments on the mental functions ; and showed clearly that they do not produce either determinate feelings or intellectual powers, but merely impart to then more or leas energy. He proceeded next to show that the ancient doctrine, that the viscera are the seat of .the feelings, is refuted both by comparative anatomy and by practical experience, as idiots are often found with the viscera perfect in all their functions, and performing all their operations with the healthiest regularity. He refuted the objection, that the brain is not the organ of the mind, because it acts in many instances with full activity, after severe wounds have rendered it necessary that a considerable por tion should be taken away ; and that in many cases of water on the brain, the brain is absorbed by the water, while a considerable por tion of intellect is manifested by the individuals thus respectively affected. But Dr. S. clearly demonstrated, that the same set of functions being developed on both hemispheres of the skull, those on the one side might be injurednr removed,while those on the other side remained entire and with their energy unimpaired ; as an in dividual in like manner, who had lost one eye or one ear, would still preserve his sight and hearing, through the medium of that which remained ; and that with respect to hydrocephak he denied that the water had absorbed the brain in any instance in which the active manifestations of mind remained ; but in all such cases, without • single exception, • quantity of brain is always found below the lymph, and that were it otherwise the infallible result would be utter idiotism. The Doctor touched upon several other imponsat topics, to which we regret that our limits will not permit us even briefly to advert. RUSSIAN TRADE. By s Manifesto of his Imperial 51ajesty the Emperor of Russia, dated the 16th December, 1824(0.8.), the duty on the importation of foreign salt in the ports of Livonia, Est h onia, and Courland, and the city of Nal-itches been reduced 10 copecks silver per pood, via.:—instead of paying as heretofore 35 copecks silver per pood, it will pay 25 copecks silver per pool. In the port of St. Petersburgh, those in the Government of Arch angel, and on all the line of the land frontiers, the old duty on salt remains as before. (Signed) A. DE DURATCREFSKY, Russian Consulate•Uen. 29, Great Winchester•street, March la, 1826. It is reported dim eves in ecclesiastical quarter some relaxation of Anti-Catholic feeling has taken place.— Everting- Paper. The High Bailiff of Birmingham has paid over the sum of VOL for the Spanish and other refugees, from that opulent place. It is whispered in the literary circles that Lord Byron was thwarted in his patriotic proceedings in favour of the struggling Greeks by the Honourable and Gallant Agent of the London Committee. That the disagreement, how ever it may have originated, was of some moment, may be inferred from the alleged production on a particular occa sion, of pistols, as the " only peacemaker" betwyen the Noble Poet and the Honourable and Gallant Colonel. — Hellish Traveller. On Friday last Robert Maydwell took his trial at Lin coln Assizes, on suspicion of having, on the Vtith of Feb. 182 k, murdered Francis Smaller, at Bostic:. 'l'here being no evidence whatsoever to criminate him he• was acquitted. lie was also charged with the murder of Mary Ann Hat tenborongh, at Boston, in the same month, but no bin having been found against him, he was immediately liberated. _ _ The following letter is addressed to the Editor of a Morning Paper : " A shocking accident has juts( occurred, which has terminated in the death of • member of this University. Mr. Downmg, of Lincoln College, was rowing • skiff up the Charwell, in • very narrow part of the river, where be was met by a skiff on the re turn, and through some mismanagement the boats struck. Mr. Downing. being unprepared, was precipitated from the boat, and being unable to swim was, lam sorry to say, drowned. Two or three skiff, were within sight, but of no use, for the unfortunate young man was drowned long before they could arrive. After a w hil e grapples were obtained, sad after remaining nearly two hours in the water the body was found, and conveyed on a hurdle to the Port Mahon public-house, but life was quite extinct. 1 an , sorry to say this is the third accident which has occurred through &kitting during the last three years. It is worthy of remark that they have all happened in the same term every year. " Yours, " S. H. P. " Pembroke t:ollege, 0100, March 14, 1024." -4 111,4„ iter - . HOME CIRCUIT. SURREY ASSIZES, linens Tore, Maacu (Refore the Loin CHIEF BA tom.) M. N. CANFER V. WILLIAM NENRICE.. ESQ. this was an action of assault and false imprisonment. Mr. THESRIGER opened the pleadings. • The declaration stated that the defendant made an assault terl/1/ the plaintiff; and detained him in prison without any re • o probable cause, and violently and outrageously seized sr. sesreinds and took from hit person a letter and a fleece belonging to hint. To this declanitioh the defendant pleaded Not (lathy, cui withal issue was joined. r. AlSkit74TT wail fimmeiling to open the cue, whin Air. GURNEY interposed, and co.nmanicated with him priestely on behalf of the defendant. Mr. 31 expressed his regret that the esextmetaication had not been made earlier. The Counsel on both sides then had a cdrfercnce of considerable length, which ended i 5 511% MARRYATT addreasing the Jury, and expressing hie regret that what he was row about to mention had not been previously arranged before the pleadings in this cause were opened: Ile wac glad that some communication had taken place between the parties.. Mr. Kenrick was a gentleman he hail long known and respected. It appeared that Mr. Kenriek had committed a mistake ; he hail wit any materlal intention to commit A wrong. There had been al offer on his part to pay the plaintiff a stun alit and HMS, witts which the plaintiff was contented. Mr. GURNEY assented on behalf of the defendant. A verdict was then entered for the plaintiff ter 51. the defendant undertaking to pay all the Plaintiff's costs. • CLTFORb CIRCUIT'. STAFFORDSHIRE ASSlZES—Srerroen, 11.anit; 16. • Bent Mr. Justice Lt T T EDALE. MURDER. The Anxiety to hear this ease, and crowded state bf the avenues leading to the Court at ao early hour in the morning, reminded as .1 good oral of the trial of Foote v. Hayne, and about ten minutes before the Learned Judge entered the Court, the door of the gallery. being opened rather suddenly, II rush took place, and a man fell ova the front of the gallery into the body of the Cetus. We are happy to say that he was not seriously hurt. A little after nine o'clock Thomas Powell, 1 men having the el" • pearance of a farmer, of about forty years of age, was placed at the bar, charged with the wilful murder of Anne Spencer. He was first arraigned for the murder, and as soon as he had pleaded to that indlctment he was arraigned on two different charges of house breaking. The prisoner said, that Me. Jones, his attorney, hid ptepued brief fur Counsel. The Learned Judge then directed Mr. Jones to be alled, who stated, that he had prepared a brief for Counsel, but that the prisoner war unable to give the necessary fee. The Learned Jude—Prisoner, do you wish under the circum stances of the case that Counsel should be assigned .40 you by the Court ! The prisaner I f oury Lordship ileum The Leatped Judge—Whom do you wish the Court to assign You as your Counsel ? The prisoner —I don't know any of the gentlemen, my Lard. The prisoner then consulted his Attorney, and named Mr. Tal ' fourd, to whom the Inter was then handed by Mr. Jones. Mr. RUSSELL albeit, that it was his duty to lay before them the facts on which they were to consider whether the prisoner bad corn initial the offence which was laid to his charge. In the month of December last lived an aged couple, at a cottage On the road lead ing from Wolverhampton to Cannock. They had been mart - feu nearly half a century, and on the 224 of December the man, whose name was Spencer, had gone out to his daily labour, and his wile was staying at home to ettend to her household affirm; and he should prove, that at about half-past twelve on that day the d.- ceased, who was the wife of that man, went to the coitege of a neighbour, and was there in good health; and at so early a period as half past two on the same day, it would be proved that the de ceased was most inhumanly murdered. The probability was, that during her absence some person ne persons had broken into the cottage, and that the unfortunate Woman coming home, the robbers,. to prevent her making any alarm, had murdered her. The teas to connect the prisoner with the creel deed were these t-... 140 early as three o'clock the prisoner was seen not very far from the cottage. walking with a man who had a bundle in his hand, and at four o'clock the prisoner was found at a pawnbroker ' s shop pawning some of the wearing apparel which was stolen from the cottage at the time this murder was committed. During that evening, too, he would be found at different houses of ill-fame; and it would be shown that the prisoner had blood on his hands. The prisoner was apprehended two days after by a constable named Diggory, and his conduct on that occasion was material, for he gave several accounts contradictory to each other and to the truth. The prisoner at Sept denied that he had pawned the poor woman's clothes, but he after wards admitted that h e had pawned them, and that they were givers to him by a man named Edwards. The prisoner also stated that at the time of the murder he was at the Three Crowns public-house ; bootee', witnesses were ill attendance who would prove that to be untrtte, as the prisoner was not there at any time between the burs • of twelve and four o'clock on the day on which this dreadful mur der was committed. Edward Spencer, a very old man, the husband of the deceased, was the first witness called. As soon as the old man had got into the witneonbox, the prisoner, who had preriouely been looking that way, instantly turned his head round and continued to look the other way during the whole time that the old man was under ex amination. The witness stated—l lived at a house called the Cross house, which is on the road side leading from ‘Volverhanipton to Cannock, and about four miles front the former place. A person named Spicer lives a hundred and fifty yards from our house. My wife's name was Anne Spencer. I remember that on the morning of the 22d of December I left my cottage at nine o'clock, leaving my wife at home. Nobody lived with us. When I went out my wife was in perfect health. I went to work on the road, and I saw John Beach coming in a direction towards my house. I sent soma malt by him to my house. That was at about two o'clock, and in an hour and a half I returned home, bring sent for from my work. On my arrival at home I found about a dozen people in my house, and my wife dead. Ha head was beaten to pieta. I had ..potato fork in my house; it stood in a little shop ; and on my return home I found the fork in the house. I had also a hammer to break coals, which was kept against the fire-place. I was in a dreadful state of agitation, and did not examine much about the house but on the next morning I missed a variety of articles of wearing apparel, among Others a black suit of man's clothes, and two women's shawls. I looked at a chest in the kitchen, and from that I missed these articles. I also examined the box in which the linen was kept, as I believe, for I am not sure of the place where my wife kept my linen. However, the articles missed were certainly no where in the cottage. I saw the clothes next at Mr. :iloore's, the pawnbroker, at W olverhampton. Cross-examined by Mr. TALITOCRD—Those were my beat clothes; I did nut wear them every day. It was the Wednesday before Christmas-day. I had worn tile clothes about a fortnight before. My house is by the side of the road, and my w if e an d I were often front home. She used sometimes to go and smoke a pipe with some of her neighbours. There are two lanes near ms' _ house. The cottages in the neighbourhood of Wolverhampton are very liable to robbery. I had myself been robbed before. Re-examined—Though I did not keep the linen I knew it well when I saw it. It would have taken Beech half an hour to get to my house. By the Learned J uncE—l had not seen the clothes since I had them on. Mary Spicer said, I live tear Spencer's cottage; on the ll'ednes day befote Chriatmas.day. she came at about two o'clock to my cottage fora jug of water ; I asked her to take some tobacco, and sh• smoked part of a pipe ; after a little while, she said she had a cake over the fire which would spoil, and she went away: and I not _vary long after saw John Beach rooming towards me, and we went to salver to Spencer's cottage; the first thing I saw was a mark of blood on the floor, which had been wiped ; I then proceeded up stairs and saw streaks of blood along the staircase wall ; and when, I get near the top of the stairs I saw the deceased lying at length on the floor ; not being sure that she was dead, I turned up her face and found that she was quite dead; there wee a great wound behind her right car, and a bruise on her check and forehead ; went down stairs and found the potato-fork, whi:h was set again,; the back of a chair, and there was a hammer on the floor; the kay was in the lock on the outside of the door, but the staple was forced off; the door had been broken open by the potato-fork, as the marks in the door fitted it ; I examined the chest and found no. thing in it, except • het; I sent for assistance, and Mr. William Jonas came. Croes-exantined—The deceased often came to my house. By the Learned Jtinox—l did not many marks of blood about • the hammer or the potatoe-fork. William Jones said, I live at Essington, 4 or C.OO yards from the cottage ; I went to Spencer's cottage ; I got there at a quart.: past three ; I saw the potato-fork and the hammer I did not g..) up stairs; there was • pot on the fire with a cake In it ; there were marks on the door which corresponded with the potato-fork ; the door had been forced in my judgment by means of the potato-fork ; I saw the body. John Reach said, I am • labourer in the employ of Col. Draken, I had tome front Wolverhampton in a light matket cart ; I passed the old man who was at work, and he gave me a peck of malt to carry to hie cottage. When I got to the cottage I stopped my cart and called to the deceasei, but she not answering I sent my sas ar the house • he opened the for and went in ; he said no one was there, and tie could make nobody hear. i then told him to take the malt into the house, which be did, and I then olettervcd Ilia key on the outside of the door, sad I told him to take cafe seine horse, and I went into the house lied begins to suspect something wrong, and I *solved to go up stains, where I saw the hody•lateo nn the floor; I touched her hand and Wand her quite dead, but th , bflidy was still warm t I then went to flitch Mary Spicer. iny eon to keep watch. Mary Spicer and I returned together to the house- Charles Beach, ibn of the last witness, was nest called ; he to the e tw eottag o 111. !. stated no new fact. John Stubbs said, my father la a farmer at Shear's Mil; I at. tended Wolverhampton market on the day in question, and w as h T ail he a y bundle leader his right arm ; I did tot thwo know either or mson letT in O g i w n: to: fr Eivinskt‘ihif.gtol.pietlFgntah,ptetsonmbu.:33tnatththreeesmrsui,dpcildolecapkticnegl, Otis of own them, but the prtaaner loobt like ON If than ; they, wham day , , ~. ! • a 4 , .• , 1 1 ~.... -.! W.& • p -