The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1826-02-11 00:00:00

t h e cannot. Did his Ilan. Friend recollect the exhausted state ;be continent atter the cessation of that long•eontinued war? ih e aye sou rce of bullion to al country is the increase of exports. tre n erer was s period when they were greater than they are `` rt ,',. li SO matter in tvi.at part of the world we expo r t, it may mom In bullion, and this retina may come by circuitors routes. V e T oo capon to St)titli America, and bflla In payMent going aver t.l the East Indies. may retorts !tome In burden; this • secret of the increase of bullion, and 'the orinciplz the true the tievernrnent of this country is determined t o s et . Te H e r. w ho•i (po ke lust had imputed to hie Right lion. tried l' he Chancellor of the Exchequer) that he had not gone es of the distresece that existed, and the Hon. Membe rstrlv a Cuuse of temse distresses was to be found altogether in :et' na iling. He (Mr. linehiseon)very much agreed with the lion. m o w t hat the immediate ca che was . an overfeeding, and that t h e enisonginated Irish that treelike sp irit of speculation, which ) a d, Ihoti nt exceeded any thing that had e bees in known exec wnint and amou nt, any formerpeiliod ; and which born - t In what • i lad g l ace ta ken place, namely, in that total stagnation of trade, and in that want of cootidence, that existed in a degree almost unpa ragded. and which had rendered unsaleable the most necessary ar. o nes of general consumption. For what was the immediate effect "• that overtrading ? A rapid else of prices in every branch of com mercial dealing, such as had never before existed in this country. And what was the necessary consequences of such an unnatural coarse o f t • npn WI, a fall in the prices equally as sudden and ore extensive. If he w ished to show that this was felt to be the real muse b y mature . t men, he might perhaps ask permission to read something to the House which should be rather shorter than ni hat be Hen. Gent. t Mr. '.llabetly), had produced as applicable to 17Z. What he was going to read was applicable to the past year, and to the present state of things. The House were all acquainted with the manner in which the business was conducted In the city of London—that a person practically informed of the mercantile transactions published every week what was called a Price Cur „to o f t h e commerce during the week, and the person who pub. lathed it also favoured the world at the end of every . year wtth a summary of the commercial proceedings and transactions during the year, and made his comments and observations upon them. The document. therefore, whatever authority might belong to it, was the production of a merely practical man. Now this person ' stated that a kind of mania, in the month of March, 18211, took pos. session of all classes in the commercial world ; that many had 1114Mey sufficient to cover their purchases, while others only made a temporary deposit of the goods, until they sboeld have realised by a sale money wherewith to pay them. The article of autmep, it was stated, first engaged public attention, and from thapeculanons In them they advanced in price from 2e. did. to 1!s. tad. per pound In one month. film, hear.) Other spices were likewise the objects of attention. as also were the various articles of home and foreign produce, such as cotton, sugar, coffee. tobacco, ashes, drugs of ere-y sort; and that merchants, shopkeepers, and merchants' *NAN partook equally of the frenny. Ana the author proceeded to remark that the prices of every commodity ettained such as they never would have realised if the market had been left in its natural state, and if they had tun been produced 'by this whirlwind of speculation: The House would tl.erefcre perceive that it was not worn any wild adventoret, or any of the bedlamite schemes of a few frenzied beings• but it was in the superior walks of commerce in the City of London, and in the ordinary transactions of trade, that these speculations took place. These speculations attached themselves to almost esety one of the great staple commodities is which this country necessarily dealt to a large amount; for the production of the goods of the manufacturers, as well as • great number of articles of Internal consumption feom other countries, such as cotton, timber, wine, tobacco, and in short every article that was imported from foreign countries, were the subject of thew tipe.aliaticas. When these speculations took place, and he be nn al aneation to this feet, :t was at a time when the e.xchanges wan considerably against this country (hear, hear) s hen gold wee going out of t,.e country daily, an 'he would say egsin (because he aln aye liken to act upon the doctrines of purely practical men) that if one axiom of commerce was more unitormly received &mom that class than another, it was this, that an infs. namable state of exchange tended to encourage exports and to check imports. This must be inewitahly the effect. Then if in ties state of things, when these practical men were thus acting, when the metallic coin of the country was going forth every day to foreign parts. in a state of such spezulation, when, and he should not be snaermating the case to say, agents were tent forth to every comet of the world, min Leta and America were ransacked for cotton and wool, and for those commodities which were to be ob tained and trafficked ha there, what must be the necessary result of these things buts scarcity of money, which at that time was so plentiful by the pipe: issuer, that it was tendered to wry man who would accept it almost. It was Let natural then that persons should ask themselves whether the.e was not something deranged an the state of the currettcy, at least something wrong and different from substantial, and whether such a state of things could possibly last. Certainly to the later question every sober man (nethaps there were not at that time many sober men it the city of London), but every sober man must have answere-a himself—it could not last. With respect to the control ore: our situation with regard to the currency, am! with regard to trade, there might be differences of opinion ; unfo rt en awl/ there were such differences; but be that as it might, he would toy that It was impossible that such a state of things should be permanent. Gold could not go fetch to foreign countries, beyond a certain point, nithout the Bank taking measures for its owe safety. And hots the moment' that It took those measures, what was the result? Speculation was checked. But the lion. Gentleman (Mr. Baring) mild .hat the consequence was a panic in various ports of the county ; come of the country banks were ruined, and involved in its calamity many who were solvent at the time. The lion. Gentleman would see that this was making it very difficult to meads his plan. The number of country banks amounted to seven or eight hundred in Lngland. The Bank of England was the only reservoir on which they could draw, and it was assail e d by them o n e ver y s id e . Th e Bank was placed in a situation, he would not say of embarrass ment, but were strewed for money, and could not bus look with aniety to the Increased and sudden demand made upon theme Then he would ask whether the House thought that a state of things which exposed the Bank of England to such demands ought to last, or whether It was altogether safe or consistent with the Interests of the country ? For his own part, he really had no difficulty in sec. aiming that question by saying that his own deliberate opinion, windily watching the course of events for the last few years he had been able to form on the subject was, that a permanent state of cash payments, and a circulation of one and two pound country bank notes, could not coeexist. (Hear, her.) It was sufficient for him in state, sitheut entering into any argument at this time to front it, that if there be in any country a paper currency of the name denomination with the coin of the country, that paper sad min would circulate together. (Hear, hear.) lc would be the intmeat of thoic who issued the paper currency to drive the metallic currency out of circulation. H: would state as en unqualified and general proposition, that if persons were allowed to take notes fee Ave shillings, there would never be seen any crown pieces' in the country and its nominal value b,.ing so much above its ietrinsic value, that if paper were to issue so low as tana-sown, they would never ate nny half-crown pieces in circulation. And he therefore would assert, that so long as IL rotes were allowed t o b e c i rcu l ate d , a golden sovereign would never be seen in circulation. He did not of merely theoretical opinion, but be stated a fact, which the state of the currency throughout the 'their country, with th e exce p t i on o f L ancas hi re , d emonstrate d. In 111.12 a n d lit _' { *nen the exchanges were favourable, the Bank of England were oaturalty enninus to saturate the country with gold coin, and remittances were mate ; but the fact was, that the sove reigns went down by one mail-coach and were returned by toe ; , rxt. (Near, helm) It was, in fact impossible, as the country banks at present existed, that there should be any such thing an a metallic currency. If this be the case, he would ask the House to look a little to what it was obvious every country bank mast feel (and he did not blame them for it), namely, the greatest desire to put out the greatest possible issues, and to get rid of the sovereigns. They kept no gold about them, because the one pound notes superseded sovereigns. What then did they rely upon ? If they had prudence and caution, which it night be thought many of num had lately shown the did not nay largely possess, t ho ug h h e b e li eved the provincial' banks in this country were generally managed by persons of cenaiderable wealth, altd great caution ; yet what they principally rested upon ems the Bonk of England. Not only did these seven hundred banks look to that quarter, but the banks of beotlond,—(hear, huts, )teat) and also the provincial banks of Ireland resorted to the Bank of England for their gold. He would ask the Ileum then to consider what was the situation in "illicit the Batik was placed ? Was it any part of their char. ' ter , or was it any of their duty that the Bank of England ithould provide gold, not only to meet the ordinary demands of the country. Lot for all the country banks when any sudden panic might setae it. Nay, to provide this too at a time when foreign exchanges were unfavourable, and in indeed under any circumstances that night arise? The thing was Impossible and indeed vnost unfair. Perhaps while they possessed exclusive privileges of banking throughout England there was something to be expected from them to this way ; but in proportion to their surrender of their privileges, nnd for which they deserved the thanks of the country, for that' proportion the Bank had claims that they should be delivered from' the task which they ought not to undertake, and if they at tempted to do so again it might place them in a situation most perilous to their own welfare. The Bank of England, although °l ' l t like o ther banking nenerna, was still liable to serve them all With gold. Let each country bank Immo its own solvency, by i t tring a portion of the coin of the country. tha t they might answer I) h:hdemands trade upon them i n d e p ent i ent o f t h e H an k o f E ng l an d. the the feverish s pi r i t of speculation operated, and the foreign tee urges were unfavourable, and that gold was going out of the no Otry every d ay , he wished the Bank to look at what would e u the consequences if, together with a check upon trade, these hould be an unfavourable harvest. His Hon. Friend (Mr. A. haring) said tha t a b a d harvest Might bailie the utmost prudence; h at there were oth er events which must occur that might require , seetidetable forei gn expenditure. But here they were with a f ar n aurable harv est , i n t h e midst a profound peace—with no atnia 4me I, n l° Lehi , up, nor any expensive establishments, and yet were 1 11.teprepurd to say that the Bank had proved itself equal to any sudden emergency should war break out ? How could it 'sexnr.e that a permanent state of cashpayments should be kept i` th ey di d not make a larg er provision ? pay (Hear.) He would n " , the strongest manner, that the question before the House 11 e thing mere than this—whether the House w as prep ar ed t o tom)lty the hazard and disgrace (after all that had been done by ef violating the system of cash payments—or whether, to pa h " et red titton put which would only prevent it. they were pre _put a n h end to the circulation of one and two pound ota `h rs wo lt u c i i t t i m t not to be considered a party question ; the Mi. haye support, he trusted, in this case, from those not eonc • o ur in their general measures. (Hear.) It was -mon of the greatest moment, and of the utmost magnitude to the country. His Right lion. Friend (the Chancellor of the Et. chequer) had said, that if the proposal should not be adopted, but should be left to the chapter of accidents, the responsibility woeld not be his. stir should he envy those on whom site responsibility might lall. Wilt that aentiment he (Mr. I Ineirieenn) fully con. curved. The fault was not that they had not a remedy for the ex clusive issue of paper. The remedy was in the tom/avert of the currency; and this they had discovered in the panic that had taken pleie, and the deorection of all confidence between man and man ; they had found it now, in the difficulties greater; than when labouring tinder actual ecereity. He (Mr. Huskissnn) trusted shey should escape the danger and disgrace that would fallow front a departure from those principles relating to the cur rency which Parliament had solemnly recoeniscd. Tile lion. Member for Cricklade had said, that if the House made the pro. posed alterations the count!, would find themselves in the end in volved in the same agricultural distress as misted in HUI and 1811 e. Ile believed his Hon. Friend had spent the recess in Eng land ; if he had not he (the Chancellor) should have thought his Hon. Friend had come from some foreign country where no state ment of the actual situation of England had ever been reeeived. Had his Hon. Friend hesrd of the banks Stopping at Maidstone and at Hull, the consequences of which fell not only upon the la bouring chases, the tradesman, and the shopkeeper connected with the circulation and business of thcps towns, but upon the farming class thernselves 1 Many Gentlemen hod been obliged to postpone ' the receipt of their Tents, because their tenants had lost that money which would have paid those rents by the failure of some of those I banks. Wages to the agricultural labourer were paid in 11. notes, and many of whom watadeprived of the procuring t heir weekly wants by the distress that privailed ; that dieters. which had overtaken every class of men in a greater or less degree. The Noble Lord (Lord Folkstone) had said, that the distress was yet confined to the manufacturers. It would, however, operate re ditninsh the demand for consumption, and which in the end must extend itself to the agricultaralist, and every other branch of industry. When the 1 agricultural distresses in 1322 were relieved, it was not so much by any act of that House (for which he would take his share of blame) u by the increasing demand for agricultural produce by the ' manufacturing classes }lam the increased means which those 1 cbssesthen possessed. The Bight Honourable Gentleman then adverted to the argument which had been adduced from the state of Fiance, and observed, that though France had been in vaded. and had seen its capital twice occupied by foreign armies, and was in a state of distress from want of corn, bordering on famine, yet no rapid fluctuations had ever taken place in the cur. rency of that country. If there were any, they only reached the great capitalist, the loan contractor and the adventerous merchant they laid prostrate the forest tree but did no touch the humble reed. If the propositions made by his Right lion. Friend were adopted, it would be proved that if the ftweign exchange were un favourable hat for week, every couutry banker would feel it. This would make them more cautious in their advances, and more provident in their issues; and the moment they were ! thus sensitive, the danger would be over. It was upon that foundation that he was mast anxious to make every country banker as much interested as the Bank of England was fur its own safety, to watch these exchanges. If, then, it being neces sary from the highest political considerations to establish a metallic mance , upcn a larger basis than at present, he would ask whether this was a fit moment for beginning any such operation. To give i the country banks power to make 1/. totes was, in 'fact, giving them a prerogative of coining (hear, hear) in an exorbitant degree. Let them issue credit paper to any amount above the denomination of the coin, but whatever that denomination was, lit it be protected; paper costa them nothing, while sovereigns cost the Government that which they represent. But the question that remained wan, was this a fit time for providing by law that this paper currency shorld be gradually and progressively withdrawn? He certainly had heard an opinion that this was not the fit time for making the alterations, but the argument was upon principle which was not altogether intelligible. The circulation of these notes. by conse quence of failures and other causes, were now much curtailed, and he thought this was the proper time for *doping the measure. He scarcely understood the proposition o f t h e H o n. Gentleman op. posite. Ile understood hint to propose that the small notes shoild be withdrawn from circulation in four years instead of three. But could the lion. Gentleman insure a succession of good harvests for foot years ? or could he issues us that for four years we should continue in a state of perfect tranquillity ? Ile (lib. Huskitson) hoped that plenty and tranquillity would continue for many years; but as prudent men they we not to depend upon such hopes, but to amity a remedy for the existing evil with as little delay as possible. Continuing to punk the issue of small notes would as suredly aggravate the distress. In fact, if arguments of the de scription he had heard to-night should put aside a proposition like that of his Hon. Friend's, he would despair of ever seeing any con. siderable improvement in the state of our currency. An observation had fallen m to the number of partners which should be admitted in a bank. If he was disposed to engage in a country bank, he should probably decline it if there were to be five other partners, because such a number of partners would be too opt to expose the bank to hazard by . commercial speculations for their Individual in term. But two nundred partners were very different. !fa bank, consisting of two hundred proprietors, was governed by Directors who should be tied down, and the proprietors had a diminished lies. bility—if Ruch a bank could exist under the charter, lie admitted that it would be a very desirable arrangement. But it was one of the copditions of the darter of the Bank of England, as well as of the Bank of Ireland, that no limited responsibility should be al lowed. This was an insuperable difficulty ; but, independent of this difficulty, he agreed with the principle. There are some banks in Scotland having over 60 partners; and the Provincial Bank established in Ireland had more than 60 partners. As far as it went, the projected removal of the restriction was a positive ad. ventage to the country. He agreed with the lion. Gentleman, that in order to meet the exigencies which may occasionally arise, it would be desirable that the alteration in the circulation should rest on a broader basis than was proposed. Under the present system the effect was, that when the Government or the Bank by great efforts got a supply of gold coin, they saw it go away only to be again purchased. The Hen. Gentleman scented to have a very strange idea of the principles upon which a paper currency was founded, and if he had been the Manager of the Bank, and his principles were adopted in governing it, there could be no doubt that there would be a stoppage of the Bank at this moment. There was one point more on which be thought it necessary to make an observation. It wu said out of doors and hinted within, that Al i nisters were to blame for countenancing the wild system of specula tion indulged in a abort time ago. That imputation was unfounded. It was unfounded as related to the noble person et the head of the Government, and if he might allude to so humble an individual as himself, it was unjust to him. (Hest.) The rage for speculation cotomenced only last, and so early as February he said that the worst gambling lottery was a safe adventure compared with some of the speculations then afloat. Again ia March he expressed his opioitm that those speculations would terminate in the ruin of indi viduals ; but the advice then given was disregarded, nor was any stop put to this ruinous rage, until the concerns in which so much capital was involved were totally overthrown. Government did every thing to discourage these speculations, and on their part he begged to repel the aspersion which was thrown upon them. (Hear, heat.) He should sit down with observing that the proposition of his Right Hon. Friend had his most cordial assent. Mr. GORDON said that as he had been alluded to by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, he begged to be allowed a few words in explanation. lie had said that lie apprehended if the one and two pound bank notes were withdrawn at a period like the present, it would affect prices and make it difficult to get in rents. lie still persisted in this opinion. The Right Hon. Gentleman seemed to have got new light on the subject ; he had brought down a Bill to suspend the prohibition of small so n s, when the agricultural interest was suffering under di•trese, and the landowners com plained that they were unable to get in their rents. He (Mr. Gor. don) had opposed the Hon. Gentleman's propositions, because he thought it impossible we could pay in geld what we had borrowed in paper. In conclusion he would venture his opinion that the existing distress had not arisen from the issue of one pound notes, and he deprecated any measure which would reduce the circulation, diminished already by more titan a million, and half which had been withdrawn by the recent failures of so many banks. He hoped his Majesty's Ministers would reconsider a measure which seemed calculated rather to aggravate the distress. Several Members rose to address the Chair, but gave way to Mr. CANNING, who said that an many Gentlemen were 1 desirous of giving their opinions on this subject, he should con. tent himself with moving that the debate be adjourned to Monday next. The House then resumed, and the other orders of the day being disposal of, the noose adjourned at HALF-PAST TIVELTX o'clock I. Monday. PRICES OP BRITISH Bonk Stock 200 197; Ditto Acct. 199 3 per Cent. Red. WI 771 3 per Cent. Conti. 771 j 77 I Ditto Acct. 77i 78 77 QQ New 4 per Cent. U4l WCZ STOCKS YESTERDAY. Blexican Bonds Di:to Bonds (1826) 604 1101 4 Ditto Acct. 1;04 00 IA 604 694 01 60.1 lt Peruvian Bonds 38 8 7 Portuguese Booth 73, Russian Bonds 79 7 Ditto Aect. 784 74 Spanish Bonds 11 104 10 ANGE YESTERDAY. PHICES tiF let/IRETON Brazilian Ron& 62 60 1 Colombian Roods Ditto Bonds (1824)62i 34 24 3 Ditto l4 Acct. 524 23;2 4 2 If 3 21 34 Danish Bonds (1/125) French Renter 8 per Ct. In Mk. Exchange 26f. 3k. 26e. 30e. COURSE OF Excn Amsterdam C. F. 12 11 Ditto at sight ... 12 8 RtAterdato ....—.....2 U. 12 12 Antwerp 12 12 Agin burgh 24 U. 37 8 Akona 24 U. 37 9 Fpria, 3 days'aight 23 Ml fltto 2 U. 23 84 Dottiest*: . ........25 84 Heflin 7 0 Irtank.on Alain Ex. A 1.156 Peteriburgb, rble. 3 Us. VI Vieuna,elreetiva H. 2 M. 10 13 Trieste ditto 10 18 Madrid 311 Cull; 38 11 1 / b oa 381 '4TOCKS YESTERDAY. 13i per Can. 86A Long Ann. 19 7.16 i India Bondi 4 10dis Ex. NH161,0001.2 1 4 dis I Ditto. 600/. par 3dia Ditto Small 3 pm par Barcelona. Bettye ••• 36 i Qibn ltar 31 Leghorn 48 Genoa 43 Venice ............ 0 Malta. e_ 1 Naples...—. ....---..».—81i 1 Palermo per os. UV Limbos 14 Oporto . .: .. ...... ......... 1110Jan/ire« ...... 4. Bahia .4 Baena, Ayres ......... 43 Dublin I ...« 1 aus.s.tow,rita oz• s. d. I Portugal Ooldin coin 0 0 0 Foreign Oold in bags 17 8 New Doubloons 0 0 0 New Dollars 0 4 II Silver in bars ; stand 0 I 1 Tim Waif rego. The nelltl/11 Pans' comincneal publishing yes:tidal more. ins st half-past five o'clock. LONDON, SATURDAY, nciaamty 11. 1624. Last night we received the Pdrla Papers of Wednesday. The pressure of commercial distress - increases daily on the• Continent, and the roost eminent mercantile and banking houses are sinking beneath it. The great establishment of &riveee, brothers, of Bnlin, has suspended payment. The shock thus given to public confidence will be severely felt in every ramification of credit throughout German••. There is uo longer any doubt as to the very favourable aspect of Greek affairs. All tbereeently-reported successes of the Patriots are confirmed' bj later intelligence. The Chieftains have banished discord from their councils, and the soldiery are submitting to a regular system of military discipline. The two Plenipotentiaries, it is stated, have been sent from Constantinople only to appease the dissen sions among the Turkish Commanders. This we think is highly probable. Missolon,shi however is certainly saved, Tripolizza has been re-captured, and the troops of IBRAHIM PACHA defeated near Salona. Greece therefore must be free: The Austrian Government has ordered a further direc tion of 6000 men from the army of ozeupation in the kingdom of Naples. They will be marched into the Mi lanese territory for the present. From the PUote of Wednesday, Felt. 8.1 YAMS, FED. 7. We learn from Berlin that the banking-house of Benecke, brothers, firs just stopped payment. This event, it is said, has caused an extraned:nary sensatior. The news from Greece eontinnes to be more and more satisfac tory. The defeat of the Turks and Egyptians before filissolonghi, the naysi victory of the Greeks, the retaking of Tripolizzs by Goloeotroni, the defeat of a corps of 2000 men sent by Ibrahim, towards Salons, receive fresh confirmation by all the letters which arrive from Greece or the neighbouring countries. The affairs of that country travelskett a very different turn since the opening of the winter campaign. What proves the confidence of the Greek flourtiment in the success of the most holy of causes is, that it has just included In a political circumscription several places of which the Turks are still masters. In general the courage of the Greeks revives. The stay of the Egyptian in the l'eloponnesus, far from having destroyed their hopes, seems to have doubled them. It may even be said that it is an evil which has been pro. duetive of great good to them. They had aced of a severe lesson to make them comprehend the necessity of extinguishing their dis. sensions, and of submitting to military discipline. Tltia lesson has been given, and we indulge in the hope that they will profit by it. The defence of Misolonghi is at all events one of the most glorious military feats which the annals of modern Gree:e will have to record. We do not hesitate to say that it has decided the fate of the Greeks, ar•.d that they li7J indebted to it fot their salvation. From the Journal de P.7rii.l FRAWEFOAT, FED. 2. According to letters from Vienna, the Supreme Aulic Council of War has given (inlets for ti.ooll men of the Army of Occupation in the kingdom of Naples to continue their march in the month of March next, to proceed to the Milanese, where they will receive further orders. ,News are published at Corfu, conl:rming the v i c t or y o bt a i ne d by Admiral over the Ottoman squadron, and the defeat of Ibrahim Pacha, under the walls cf 3lissolonglii, who had 1800 men kiiled. That town was crowded with Egyptian prisoners. It has also been announced at Corfu, that the two Turkish pier& potentiaries said to be sent front Constantinople to enter into news. nation with the Greeks, had no other commissions than to put an end to the differences between the Turkish generals. FILEMCM FUN US.—PARI B.—Five per Cent. 99f. 43c. ; Three per Cent. 66f. brie. ; Bank Stock., 20851. ; Rent. de Naples, 761. 25c.; Royal hpaaisk Loan, 48ii ; Hayden Loan, 7801. Ex. change on London—(3loney) One:dumb, 211. 45c.; Three ditto, 251. 2k— Coes* Asthentique. Pursuant to notice, the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHE QUER last night, in a speech remarkable for its luminous style and manly sentiments, brought the subject of the paper currency of the country bankers before the House of Commons. The principle of the Bill which the Right Hon. Gentleman intends to introduce into Parliament is, that all the notes of country banks below St., now in circula tion, shall continue current only till the sth of April, 1829. Government have already, on their own responsibility, re fused to stamp any fresh notes, and this prohibition will form part of the Bill, so that there can 'be no further increase to this kind of paper currency. The statements of the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER will be read with great interest. A debate of some length ensued, which, consi dering the serious importance of the subject, was, on the 'notion of Mr. Secretary CANNING, adjourned to Monday next. Mr. Coaamr, we understand, is busy in planning his return to Parliament at the next general election. The difficulty, it seems, is how to raise the dust—the gold dust we mean—without which nothing is to be done on this side the moon. Sir THOMAS Beevoa unluckily has no aid to offer in this way, and the chance seems verydistant that St. Stephen's Chapel will ever echo to the voice of this re nowned patriot, who, no doubt, were he once within its walls, would make gold as plentiful as peppercorns, and the road to every cottage would be strewed with applc dumplings and flitches of bacon. These at least are the promises which this heroic Radical would feed his followers upon, so long as they crowded to the poll. Should lie ac tually aspire to become a senator, we hope he will place by the side of his address to the freeholders the following no tice, now lying before us, which lie caused to be issued in due form on the 11th March, 1809, and which at the time was copied and circulated in Hampshire in the following handbill, to which it may be useful at this moment to draw the att: iition of the public. "TO TIIE FREEHOLDERS OP HAMPSHIRE. " Tl,e following Fair Warning' of the gentle Con_ HET r, Lord or the Mania- of FA ItTIIORN, was exhibited for some Months in the public Kitchen of the Dolphin Inn, in his own Hand Writing, and is presented to enable }ou to decide uhether he bra fit Person to make and execute !xi:7 . ror the Government of his Fellow Nen ? FAIR WARNING. ' FUME Villain or Villains having cut several young Trees, a►d otherwise damaged the Woods in the.Mallou OF b'aito noes, I hereby give Notice, that the first Person who ►.hall be detected in the like, or who shall be found trespaning in any Part of the said Manor s will be prosecuted by me, let them be who they may; and that NOTHING SHALL INDUCE ME TO FORGIVE THEM. That no one hereafter may plead Ignorance of the Law, I Lire gi vo, f rom the•S elisi r moyNrriapaperof the 7th of this Month, the following Extract: " On Saturday two young Men were publicly Ishii)* in the " blarket-P:ace of this City. They brought this Punishment " and Disgrace nn themselves, by cutting and destroying young "•Trees in the Woods of the Earl of Ram, of which they " were convicted at ere last Quarter Sessions, when the Statute " Imperatively obliged the Bench to sentence them to Three " Months' Imprisonment, to be three Times publi.ly whipped, " and to give S:curity for their good behaviour for two Years." For the second Offence the Punishment is Transporta tion fir Life.—Now, after this Warning, let no one com plain of SCVERITY. If any one is caught, I WILL LISTEN TO NEITHER PARENTS NOR FRIENDS, but am resolved to give every Offender Ike full Measure of the Law. I hereby offer a Reward of Ten Guineas to any Person who will inform to Cdnvictinn against army on^ com mitting the above Crimes in the MANOR or THORN. I offer a furthc: Reward of Ten tininess to whomsoever shall inform to Conviction anit:st the Villain or Villains who have maliciously destroyed Part of the .Bridge at Botiey. I give this Notice, once . Pr all: I will never. giveanother. PUNISHMENT IS NOW WHAT REMAINS TO BE INFLICTED. ' Wm. COBBETT. TT.TY, Ilth of March, VMS.' "This it is to become unexpectedly the Loan or A MANOR and pOSAtilled Of Powaa. " ('an such a Man be a sincere Advocate against flog ging a Soldier for Offences against Military Discipline, who would transport for Life a thoughtless Boy for cutting a Walking Stick in a Hedge-row? Could he have any other intention than that of which he has been convicted by a Jury of his Country, and fer which he has been justly punished ? " ENGLISHMEN AND HAMPSHIRE MEN, I'ut these Questions to yourselves." We will leave the poor to reflect on the above specimen of Mr. Cobbetes real character, and we would advise them to paste this notice of his against any hustings from which he may harangue the populace, every one of whom he would hang upon a pole, if it suited his purpose, the mo ment their votes had placed him at the head of it. CITY, FRIDAY EVICNING. The Stock Markets this morning were exceedingly heavy, and the prices were for the most part giving way during the first two or three hours of business. The opening quotation of Consols was 77f, and after a momentary ad vance to 781, they declined to 7C. The cause for this sudden and extensive depression was stated o be bad news from Russia, but we could not trace the rumour to any authority. The distress in the commercial world is, we fear, as great as ever (although we have not heard of any failures to-day), and that circumstance must continue to press upon the money markets. The transactions in money Stock were very large, and sonic eminent brokers were operating to an immense amount. The concluding price of Consols was 7714. The large Exchequer Bills were 2s. Is. 4s. dia. and the small 3s. pro. to par. It was again re ported this r:orning that a certain portion of Exchequer Bills would be funded. The Foreign Market was in a state of complete stagna tion, and scarcely any real prices can be reported. Colom bian Bonds were as low as S 2, Mexican 6 per Cents. 601, Russian 'Bonds 77i, Spanish ditto 10¢, and Greek ditto 16i I?. There was very little bebinets doing in the Share mar ket. What little there was evinced the distress of the spe culators in these adventures. Prices were, without au ex ception, lower, and are to all appearance likely to be much lower still. Anglo-Mexican Shares were quoted at 20, 1.5 discount. New United fluctuated from 2to 3 dis. Bolanes were selling at par. The Potosi Association declined to 31 dia., and the Brazilian Shares to 2 dia. The Bolivar Company bore a premium of 7t 8. The Shares of the Continental Gas Company are at the almost incredible discount of 6A, there being only 81. paid. The Provincial Bank of Ire land was quoted at 4&t die., and the IVeat India Company at 21 dia. Some bargains were done in British Rock Salt Shares at 1 premium. The Colonial Market continues under considerable de pression, and the bargains in it are to a very trifling extent. In the Corn market to-day the quotations were the same as those of last week, and the supply of every kind of Grain abundant. Thursday evening the Duchess of Kent and the Princess Feodor, attended by Captain Conroy and the Baroness De Spaedth, honoured Covent-garden theatre with their presence. Despatches were yesterday received at the Colonial. office from the Leeward Islands. On Wednesday morning a Russian courier arrived at the Russian Ambassador's house in Dover -street, Picadilly, with despatches from the Emperor of Russia to his Ex cellency Count Lieven. Mr. Meates, the King's messenger, was to leave town last night, with despatches for St. Petersburgh. Yesterday a Board of the Lords of the Treasury was held at the Treasury Chambers. Sir Herbert Taylor transacted military business with the Duke of York yesterday morning, at his Royal Highness's house in South Audley-street. TIIE LOU) CHANCELI.OII.—The answers given yester day relative to his Lordship's health were, that his Lord ship was a great deal better. On inquiry at the House of Lords, a very cot - Went hope was held out that his Lord ship would be able to atteni Liacoln's Inn Hall this day, for the purpose of disposing of some important causes which have indispensably stood over siuce his indis position. We regret to state that Mr. IVallace, the Master of the Mint, is detained from his Parliamentary duties by serious indisposition. Mr. Courtenay, the new Clerk-Assistant of the House of Lords, commenced his duties yesterday. By the new re gulations lie has a fined salary of 52.500/. a-year, besides the large official house in Palace-yard. Mr. Cowper, his predecessor, had fees as well as salary ; and, owing to the number of private bills before Parliament last Session, his last year's income is slated to have been between 8 and 10.0001. Mr. l3artley commenced his Lectures on Astronomy last night, at the English Opera House, to a most respectable audience. Caraccu Papers to the Ist January have reached us. The only intelligence of interest they contain is the news from Peru, stating that the Liberator and General Sucre were to meet at La Paz, in Upper Peru. The Liberator was at I'eru on the 6th August. liv the Leeward Island mail we have received files of West India papers to the middle of last month. Barbadoes and tile adjacent islands have sent petitions to England against the new measures for the amelioration of the slave population. The inhabitants of Tobago have taken much higher grounds. They refuse, peremptorily, compliance with the regulations proposed. The quarrel between the Governor and the House of Assembly of that island still continues. A general petition for his removal from office has been signed by the inhabitants and transmitted to England. The Council issued on the 28th October an official document, of great importance, relative to the measures ordered by the English Government to be enforced in our Colonies; the Council in part will admit the new measures, but only in a small proportion. The document is too long for insertion ;—they will not agree to postpone the punishment of negroes till the day after the offence, and will not require a white person to he present at the flogging. They will have no slave testimony m the Courts of Law. TO THE EDITOR OF THE BRITISH PRESS. Sirr,-Since It was first 'known in this country that the Provinces of .Upper Peru had formed themselves into an Independent State, many persons have believed that, cm 'their separation, they had had a contend*, with some of the new Governments to which they previously belonged, which it really the case, and although conthicted in a' paci fic manner, unaccompanied by the intervention of armed force, would suppose either a very inconsiderate conduct on the part of the Provinces thus• separated, or an unjust comportment, which might have given tise to their separa tion, on that of those to which they wire once united: cir cumstances both productive, of the game ides, namely, a great want of knowledge of social interests, together with a complication of turbulent passions, which mast necessarily hive stifled the little !battik! exist. But the affair' has hap_pened in a manner entirely different. During •the dominion of Spain, the Province* of whidir I now speak belonged to the Viceroyalty of Peru, which then also comprised Buenos Ayres and Chili. When the Viceroyalty cf Buenos Ayres was established hi 1740, its limits were extruded towards the north u ferns .the Desaguadeyo, and therefore the said Provinces of Upper Peru wore united to it. liThen the .capi!altef Buenos Ayres raised the cry of liberty in Btu, audit:torched as army inro the Viceroyalty of l'erm the Governor of Os Province proclaimed that the political and military govern. nsent of the Upper Provinces should be int' nsted to the Viceroy of Peru, until order could be re-established; and amidst the events which took place during the war of the 'following fifteen years, they were subjected, fitibort inter. vale from each other, to the Spanish chief% who resided. in Lima up to 1821, and afterwards in Cusco up to 10324, in which year thy vietory..of Ayacucho, and subsequent' destruction of Olaneta's division in 18'25, delivered them finally, .with the rest of the continent, from the yoke of their former masters. It was when this last event appeared no longer dubious that the republics of Peru and of the united provinces at Rio de la Plata almost simultaneously, and without having communiatteg tog:Alter on the subject, gave the world $ signal example of their liberal and generous principles by renouncing all'pretensions of holding any jurisdiction over the provinces thus denominated Upper Peru, and inviting them to adopt, a. 4 they were then free, what form and mea. sures they thould think most preferable for their organi zation ; and this without the United Provinces availing them selves of their righto them by their having, up to the be ginning of the war, belonged to the government of INenoa Ayres, nor the Peruvian republic calling into considelation the repeated expensive attempts it made to emancipatillifin„ nor the ultimate forces it sent there for the same•purpose, then finally crowned by the most complete success—a mo deration common to all free governments that do not seek their aggrandizement by means of conquest, but by spon taneous accessions, fonnded.on the interests of their and,.ebove all, agreeably to' that friendly intercourse that ought to exist between the different sections of America (formerly denominated Spanish), which sections, although incapable of shaking of the yoke at one and the same time, have at lea.t all co-operated in this glorious enterprise by opinion and example, if not by armaments and soldiers. At the above simultaneous invitation it is not difficult tar presume what resolutions those four provinces, thsts con voked, passed, in delibtrating,iamid the surprise caused by the recent change, on their future career. They did on that occasion what was most requisite, and might least dile,- please the surrounding sections, which was to constitutes themselves an independent state; but this was effected without there having been any dismemberment of poll.- tical association, as no such thing has existed betweeh them, nor can from the most distant reason be supposed to have existed since the war of the etuancipation. If you would, Sir, please to make known the facts men. tioned in the above lines, you would greatly concur in cor recting an erroneous idea, at present prevalent, as to the conduct of those countries, which, although newly arisen. in their political career, endeavour to follow the path which this enlightened age and the actual state of civilizatioie point out to them. . . I have the honour to subscribe myself, Sir, Your most obedient servant, London, Feb. 9, INI6. A PERUVIAN. Fismo.vAßLE INTELLIGENCE. The Duke of Atlioll entertained a distiniuished party at dinner yesterday, at his house in George-street, 44 estminster. The Countess of Charleville entertained a large party of the heat Om yesterday evening, at her house in Cavendish-square. The Bishop of Exeter had a dinner party yesterday, at his house in George-street, Westminster. The Earl and Countess St. Germain and family have arrived at their house in New Burlington-street, from their seat, Putt Eliot. Lord and Lady Dynevor and family arrived on Thursday at their seat, Barrington Park, Oxfordshire, from South Wales. Lord Bruce has arrived in town from Paris. .... Colonel and Mrs. Kelly have left flolmes's Hotel, Parliament.. street, for Ireland. H. IVilloughty, Esq. M.P. arrived in town yesterday frma Northamptonshire. G. Wyndham, EFq, arrived yesterday at Gould's Hotel, Jartnyn-street, from a tour. Henry Entwistle, Esq. arrived yesterday at Miller'. Hotel, Jere - gra-street, from Hastings ; Sir Hugh Gough, Bart. has lett ditto for Cheltenham. Mrs. Wise and family arrived yesterday at Jordan'; Hotel. St. James's-street, from their seat near Leamington, U'arwick t s shire. Departures from Kirkham's Hotel, Lower Brook-street :—, Gomm and Mrs. Dundas, for Brighton; W. A. Johnson, Eyel et] 1 tour; and Captain Murphy, for Dublin. Arrivals at Fenton's 'Hotel, St. James's-street :—Mr. and Mrs.. Morgan and family, from Cheltenham; Mr. and Mrs. Hayleytt and family, from their seat in Dorsetshire ; and John Stevens, from Bath. Departures :—The Hon. Captain Forbes, on a mar and Thomas Clutterlmek, Esq. for Bath. Arrivals at the Royal Hotel, St. James's.street :—J. C. ktaTra. Esq., from Edinburgh ; Captain John s on. f rom U x b r id ge; A.. Hillhouse, Esq., from Clifton ; J. Page, Esq., from Holly !Id,. Kent; It. Dennison, Esq.. and. family, from a tour: the Rer. I . Brooks, from Liverpool. Departures :—The Hon..W. Berestbri, on a tour; D. Heneage, Esq. on a tour ; the Earl Cathcart, fee his seat, Woodthorp, Yorkshire. THE iißtrn..sn Pit ESS. • f A r 7'll E 7'l? E this ItrenitnecSAVlttiO V, Yet. 11, be ierformea (10th tame) • • nom Nntlobal Ballad opera, ea/led MA LVINA. The principal Cilltraeter4 by Me..o ...Maack, Sloth*, TIMIS. Retitel. Harley, mid I ftzwii 113/1. ; Slamer Stepbene, Power, Mut Kolly. To conclude trill, tllc Pantomime of JACK OF ALL MAIMS. Mat!equin. Mr. llowellt Pantaloon, Mr. I'. !P.m./bud 111111 Columbia, Mho Ilarnet.t. COVEN7:GA - RDEN - 47ileATRR. Thug Ere Feb 11, wW iw performed a new Platy mil ea THE FRENCM, LIBMITINE. Thp prlnelp.al Chanieters by allesseis. C. Kemhle, illarde, Tower, and Cooper: Mesdames hloman, Chetterler. and Glover. After which the new Operatic Piece of 'TWAS 1. This principal Chanteters by Mewirs. imtuArt, Keeley, Frans, and Barnes; Miss Jonciu, Madame Vestrls, and Mrs. Davenport 'to c.onclude with the new Piece of TILE WAPE-GOAT. The Characters by Meer's. Itanehard, Canner. W. rairren, and Mea dow,. ; alls,cs Jones and A. Jones. ENGLISH OPP.RA HOUSE, STRAND, oypordts Waterier'. Bridge. On WEDNESDAY EEENINI:. Feb. IS. LECTURE ON ASTRONOMY, AND THE PIintNOMF:NA OF THE HICIITF.NS IN. OP TILE F.IRTIt . To be delivered by Mr. El tI:II.EY nu the WEDNESDAYS and FRI DAYS during I.ent. B eg ins at seveli—enueituier at Ten. THE KING. WINDSOR, FED. 9. On Tuesday Sir Charles Long arrived at the Castl e .' On his arrival he was met by Mr. Wystville, and, as ono of the Commissioners, inspected the progressive improve tnenta hitherto made, both exterior and interior, with which he seemed highly pleased. On leaving the Castle Sir Charles proceeded to the Royal Lodge, where he had an audience of his Majesty, with whom, and his Majesty's distinguished attendants, he had the honour of dining and passing the evening. Yesterday Sir C. Long took leave of his Majesty, and left the Royal Lodge for his residence in town, His Majesty has not hitherto left the Royal Lodge; but as the weather is becoming favourable, it is daily ex pected that his Majesty will resume his former salutary exercise. DEPARTURI OF Till DUKE OF Warttsrorow.—Early on Thursday morning part of the suite of his Grace the Duke of Wellington arrived at Dover, and soon after nine his Grace, accompanied by Lord Fitzroy Somerset, Ms Private Secretary, Lord Dunglass, Secretary of Embassy, Hon. Captain Cathcart, Aide-de-Camp, and Doctor Hume, reached Wright's Hotel, under a salute from the guns at the heights. After an elegant dejeune his Grace proceeded to the Pier, where he and suite embarked, on board his Majesty's packet the Fury, which left the harbour for CO lais under another salute from the heights, and the cheers of the vast many collected on the quays to witness his Ez cellency's departure for St. Petersburgh as the representa tive of our gracious Sovereign. ISLINGTON PARISH.—An opinion haling been ( rtes.. tained that the Rev. Mr. Denham, the Afternoon Lec turer, was about to resign, two candidates starred for the situation, sent round circular letter., appointed their Com mittees, and commenced an active canvass. The hopes of both are for the present however disappointed, as the Rev. Daniel Wilson, M.A. the worthy Vicar, has sent a circular to say that there is no vacancy, and in the event of such a circumstance occurring, in order to prevent the ammo. sity which a contested election would' occasion, he will himself appoint the Lecturer, and will p a y his salary him self from his own pocket! Aiwa Her IN (Row.—An advance of ten shillings p er ton took place on Staffordshire iron on the Ist Instant, The Journal. present price is lit. tk the works.—Krorcerier N -~~