The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1810-01-25 00:00:00

.~, T' titt • PARLZ.IMEN'r. • • ...MOO VOSIIIONs, IYEnstso4t, JAN. 94. At 60 o'clock the Speaker took the Chair, upon vitiating the House, them appeartog only thirty-nine Members present, the House was Of cootie adjoarned toter O'clock tomorrow %awning. STATE OF EU1(01! E. at? TIM COMMENCEMENT OF THE YEAR ism (Cowlolled frost oar Pape► of Taudat•) In the prosecution of the surrey before us, after Rum*. we naturally turn to the two Scandinavian Pewees. Denmark and Sweden. Though it would be nugatory to suppose, that, eithes from the joint, or from the separate exertions of those States, the destiny of Europe can he materially changed, or its extrication effected ; yet may it be useful, and it is indeed indispensable, to state, in few words, their actual positios. Both are entangled in the bound in the chains of the Corsican Ruler of theContiaeat. Frederick the Sixth, who intuit ever retain a deep and implacable recollection of the cepture and pillage of Copenhagen, carries about with him likewise the painful consciousness, that his fairest provinces, the Duchies of Holstein, fiebleswick. and Jutland, which connect him trr►i torially with Germany, sod from which he draws his best and surest revenues. are in the immediate power of Napoleon. His troops, stationed along the Elbe, only wait, is fact, the signal to enter on the Danish dominions. From Wismar and Kid, en she Baltic, resod to Tonningen. liusum, and Alttins. on the German Ocean, all is Isis. Even Copenflogro itself is hardly beyond his grasp, and Norway may rather be considered tie a sister king doms velantarily united with Denmark, than as a subjected province. To these multiplied reasons for sebmission, is probably added the hope, 'that flansburgh, Lubeck, Rostock, or some or the Ger man towns and territories, torn by Bonaparte from their rightful masters. may. at sonic fortunate mo ment, he thrown by him to Denmark, as the re. erisapense of her losses and her adherence. Hardly eon Holland. or Westphalia, be regarded as more subjected to France. than are the Danish Sivereigu sod his resources. Swedes isatillen into a coudition still more abject, !betides*, and humiliating. Scarcely is she any %ogre to be counted musing the Contineutal States, deprived of her best means of subsistence, Finland. sail saleable, mules* by the interposition of Napoleon, to prevent her complete extinction, alum' at any o esistimt. from the overwhelming force and proci silty a Russia. Atexauder, master of Finland; to the extremity of the Gsilrh of Bothnia, and pos sessed of the Isle of Aland. may be said to have his hood ots the throat of Stockholm; and Charier the Wild+, even were he in the full vigour of his age sod faculties, could do little to repair the ruin of whkb he is a spectator. He bas found it easy to awed the throne of his nephew, but he cannot hope to reinstate the Swedish Crown iu its former dignity or security. To the fatal heroism, or ra. the r, should we say. to the misguided infatuation anal alienation of mind. manifested by his predeces sor, these national calamities are to be solely natl. !Wed. We may compassionate the &per, d anal exiled Gustavus. as we pity our own Edward the Sectors'. or Richard the Second, iudivirlually ; Lit he cannot justly lay claim to any portion of our se rious approbation. To persist in impotently mak ing war on France and oil Fiensparte, after:Monis anal Piursia had submitted at use at once to sign his own personal de,tructioo, and the ruin of his cannily. We can neither blame our viiiiidcr at his 'cisme and imprisonment. Charles tt:e Twelfth, wheu his eeceatric'tics and his pa con. for war became 100 pernicious to lie longer tolerated, disappeared like. Gustavus the Fourth. Sweden Cosi no loner hope to Post as a power, except hy Na,mleou'i soppoci and protection. Oil I .he mast loon for every sort of aid. The rccor, ry of Finland. while the Itusrian Empire rein tins en tire. is altogether hopeless, when the immense- isie quality of the two States i. coosiakred. Napoleon rosy. indeed, not i•nprobably. restore to the present X •ig, &roe are a.surril he means to do, the met at the mouth of tile Oder, delionimated 50... di.li Porneraiaia. lira he has alren.ly dismantled Si .ilsniid, end demolished the fortification.. Ile eon, therefore, re-oCciory that detached and d. fence lea, province, at his plettotare, the revetitio, of which set too iocoofialoraLle to meat atfintion. Stralsund ores to the Swedes. what Calais wan to the English. under the Plantagenets and the Tudors. The one served as a key to France ; the other, as an entrance into Gerrnaoy. If Calais reminded as of Edward the Third, of Cressy. and of Poicaieni; Pomerania awakened, in the mind of every Swede, the raplona of the great Gustavus, and the victories of that Mo welt ewer Altera. Bat, es Eliztbeth would have disdained the restitution elf Celair, when rendered an open town. so is Stralsund and its petty district alrOVtlier a boon of Au value to Charles the Thir teenth : hr can only be accounted among the vassal kings, who mast receive their orders from the Thoolleries. We have yet to cast a glance on the Ottoman Empire, before we close our Review of Europe: for, though Asiatic, ■orl divievered by rJ iginn, a. sell oe by manners, the Turks occupy finny of the mad beautiful, favoured, and classic portions of our quartet of the globe. Nor do we by any means mauler the minim., of that enipite . ns exhatisted, noter ithstamAug the convulsion% the massacres, and almost tbeauarchy, which perpetually desolate the cajiital. The position of Consmeitiviople is, indeed, so happy, so advantageous, and so difficult of access, that it seems selected, as to defy ail approach ; and it has been justly remarked, daft the metropo lis of the Eastern Empire, though reduced for cen turies, previous to its fall, almost to the walls of the imperial city, yet survived the destruction of the Western Empire, and of Rome, near a thousand years. That the Turkish Sultans no longer inspire terror, we must admit; and the reigning Grand Seignior, whose very name is scarcely known in London or in Paris, forms only a very inadequate Representative of the Mahomets, the Solymans, and the Selina', who, after subjecting Greece and Hungary, menaced Italy, Poland, and even Ger many, with a Mahommedan yoke. Yet, even in de cline, and almost in ruin, the Ottoman Empire con tains within itself prodigious means of defence ; nor tio we believe that Russia, though her armies may pass the Danube, will easily overcome the nume rous impediments presented by the nature of the intermediate provinces, between that river and Con stantinople. But, Napoleon, now Master of the Illyrian Country, possessing Dalmatia, Croatia, and the Territories which border on Servia, Bosnia and Epirus. is a much more formidable adversary. Ile may march, in a few weeks, from Cattier°. from Zara, or from Spalatro, to Salonichi, or to Adria nople. Nor could the fleet of England, though ad mitted into the Sea of Marmoni, prevent the cap ture of the Turkish Capital. In this situation, ei ther in conjunction with Alexander, the Corsican may subject that Empire on this side the Bospho rus; or the Sultans, unable to repel and to resin the Rnmian arms, must have recourse to his protec tion and support, for preservation. Whichever of the two alternatives the Turks 'embrace or adopt, is alike fatal to their independence; and almost to their existence.' Nor is it easy to conceiv, how they can long avoid either the one or the other. Such is their position At the present hour. From that quar ter, t horefore, .we must not look fur any effort, be yr od those which are limited to their own defence against the Muscovites. Bonaparte may arrest the progress of Alexander, and may even sustaio the Ottonsuns, till lie has effected the subjugation of Sprain and Portugal. But, if ever he were to suc ceed in that flagitious enterprize, he would soon direct his emotion, and turn his victorious arms, to wards the Hellespont and the Euxine. After the melancholy and humiliating picture which we have traced, marked ill Most in every feature by the character of despair, we might seem to be justified in exclaiming with the Ronny Sa tirist. " Nil ergo optabont homing* ?" Is there nothing left fur the human race to hope or to expect ? We are, however, fa:. from acquiescing in so painful an infrience. With the same impar tial pencil that we have delineated the calamity, we shall endeavour to demonstrate that it not only may admit of curl, but that it ca:rics perhaps in its own essence, the 'principles and seeds of that mad. cation to which oe look forwarad with so much anxiety and impatience. Stupendous as is the ele vation of Bonaparte, admirable us is his machinery, awful, ■nd alimot irrisistuble, se his power appears, firmly as its foundations seem to Le laid, and ce mented as it is by cc rry thing that subtilty, courage, and crime, eau blend or unite ; yet must it be liable to attack• of two demariptions, erternal and interns/. Those of the farmer kind, as confined to the ele ment of the laud, mutt be exclusively sought for beyond the Pyreiteev. llith.rto, it is there, and there only, that his weapons have lost a part of their edge. that conquest and victory have not pro duced submission; and that, at the cud of twenty mouths, • country, witi.out II sovereign, without a zovernment, except such Its nectooity created, in order to avoid tote! anarchy, without armies, finances, fortre-ws, or any of the ordinary 'resources and sinews of war, sustain..l only by its moral abhor reoce HMI Iletelltdtlllll of the invader, has neverthe less maintained a portion of its territory, its naval ports, and arsenals, and, shove all, its unshaken con .rancy and deterniiiistion to perish with arms iu thew hands. litre, then, Providence seems to have placed a sort of land-mark to the atrocities of this imperial scourge and destroyer. There t., indeed, something in the enterprise against the Spanish crown and nation, so peculiarly and pre-eminently flagitious, se base, and so uriVessed. if we may use the term, that, for the 1/0660Uf of human nature itself, we are strongly impelled to hope, that it cannot he crowned with success. Against Austria, or Prussia, Napoleon appears like Alexander; as Francis and Frederic William resemble Darius, or Poring. Wr are carried away by the velocity or the movement, and by the splendour of victories. We pity, but we despise, the pusillanimous and imbecile governments, which he overturns, intimidates, and subdiirs. H;it, towards the Spaniards, he appears only as • perfidious, subtle, ungratefill. and un principled ruffian, stripped of every attribute or quality that can mollify our antipathy, or conceal the turpitude of his conduct. The Austrians and Prussians have been conquered. The Spaniards have been betrayed, inveigled, deceived. outraged, massacred, pillaged, vilified, and dishonoured: in return for benefits, services, friendship, alliance, ■n.l submission. These facts, which wither Napoleon can deny. nor can the most enthnsiastic of his pnnegyrists,, if such there are, defend, or even extenuate; arc of * nature so stubborn, so eloquent, mid so strong .in their appeal to that moral sense which Coel has implanted ill every linsoin, that se way justly ques tion whether the Corsican himself dares fully to meet them. either in the Caliinat, or even in the field. We cannot, it is true, know, but we twiy suspect, that, habituated us he is to acts of blood, of criminality, and of violence, he has never'!:eless seen cause to repent, and to lament, that hr did not rather content hiniselfwith goveroing Some: wi der the urine of Charles the IV th, in 01 Verili,ei,d the Vllth, who would have been the pa-i•ive instru• menu of his vengeutioe, rather than to have exas perated a whole nation, and to Lave eni,veited s.I many provinces into tle•arts and snl:ti:des. Ili I:1111. not now retreat, svitheut esposiii. 4 . not hie cremes and his turpitudes, for those are known, Lot his weakness, and the deficiency or exliaustare of his military means. Even were he to content himself with retaining Madrid, the tiro Castiles, and all the territory between the Ebro and the P, tellers, he is not less foiled and negatively vanquished, The ie. mainder of the Peninsula, Seville and Lisbon, Car thagena, Cadiz and Corumiii, together with at least live to six millitnis of inhabitants, would have sorvivcd, and would have escaped his yoke. The Spanish colonies are beyond his grasp, and may defy his power. All these must lean ilium; slid must form the closest political ties wilt Great Bri tain ; who may ultimately owe to the atroci ties of her implacably enemy, the commencement and completion of a uew order of events, political and commercial, the most auspicious; but it never could, at least for a long period of time, have been accomplished under the Bosublin tlyna•ty, if Bona parte had allowed them to slumber ou the Spanish throne. Such, then, are the causes from without, which may, as we think, impede, arrest, derange, and finally open a way to destroy the revolutionary des potism under which Europe bleeds, and lies pros trate, from Moscow and Buda to Madrid. But, there are likewise causes from within, with which. though we are very imperfectly acquainted, yet are they sufficiently known and ascertained, to awaken, and to justify the strongest, as well as the best founded expectations, that they will gradually un dermine, or violently subvetl, the throne on which Napoleon seems to sit so firm. Without admitting into the calculation, all those accidents which may abreviate or terrnivate his sanguinary career, it is indisputable that many of the bases and foundations upon which his power reposer, begiu to exhibit symptoms of decay or of dissolution. The Con scription, one ottliese, the most solid and able that human wisdom, armed with irresistible authority, could devise, or reduce to practice, way, neverthe lcm, if overstrained, recoil upon its author. If he persist io his resolution to subject Spain, he must principally employ France to accomplish the work. Neither the Germans. Switzer., or Italians, can be trusted. They are men, and they have manifested an invincible repugnance to slaughter a nation, whose only crime is not submitting tamely to the opprobrious usurpittiOn of a Corsican AdveiitUrer, imposed on them by a tyrant, his younger brother. But, even the conscription has its limits, which it is dangerous to pass, or to infringe. 'Already, the youth of 1790 have been called out. xteordirss boys •loue remain, and Spain is • grave, where they speedily perish ■ This chord is a delicate one, and may not bear much more pressure. The eontasereiel edicts of this fierce and unrelent ing tyrant, which doom his subjects to poverty, and which extinguish all the sources of human indus try, must likewise demand a very able and skilful hand to regulate them. They may snap, sod they have been, as we see, recently relaxed; no doubts from apprehension and necessity. Even his Dukes, hi Generals, and his Dignitaiies, though his ac complices in guilt, in plunder, in crime, and in en joyment, yet must, necessarily and naturally, desire to see some termination to their toils and ha zards. Inaccessible to reinorse, they must still de sire safety and repose. In the bosom of his own late fainay may arise avengers and enemies. Repudi ations and marriages, these dretnestic transactions, though managed with external nerkitiescrnee, ore new leaves in the volume of the Corsican's hi,tory, and may be written in characters of blood. rants, from Tilwrius down to Clinical's, have com monly become the victims of private vengeance, or of individual revenge. Finally, esery considera tion impels us to hope, and even to believe, that, however fallen mid prostrate, ur pressed and de rested, the States of Europeulay appear to he in January, 1810 ; and, however tranquil or subdued the French themselves may seem under the iron sceptre of their foreign Master ; yet, that there is a spark yet existing of national independence, dig nity, and freedom, which he cannot extinguish. If there be, it will spread, and, finally, consume this formidable oppressor.—At the moment that we are writing, it seems to cry aloud to Europe, and to mankind,— " isartare attests aostris ex ossibus allot!" Friday, in the Common Council of Duhrrn, on the motion of Mr. GI Frasn, to petition against tl:e Catholic Claims. •n Amendment Will moved that the Question he adjourned for one year, and, we are happy to awe, that the Ameadweut was car ried b) 39 to 34. kD-)--, HE BRITISH 1 i LOT I)6l\'', N. . THURSDAY, JANuAav 25. • •.• For City Blyionit,ic. Relic lost Our readtrs must have seem in our report proceedings iu Parliament, on Tuesday, I ADDINGTON party did not support the Arne' moved by Earl t;OWER, in the House of C.., a :II Lord GrtF.N VILLE, in the House of This il.frcrence of opinion, among the Oppot .horn not, however, hold forth any hope or rot tiro to Miiii-tors,—The Amendment only rt'etly to inquiry, and could he coultrued , )strepag till iothrect censure upon 'AL, whereas Vi.,conta St ostotatt reCOM up-Died. of the Amendment, an Address to His II to remove them front office, From the great length of the Oro dehr Tuesday, in the !louse of Lords and the H. Commons, it wLs inspossilile to do justice parties. Wie, therefore, devoted the greater uurcolumns to the taro Leadeis of oppo.mo, GRENVILLE: Awl Alr. 1 1 0N4CINUY. The veil ,Lord CASILNREAIai and Mr. CANNII6. L loading Miiiisters at the time of the events disci were of minor importance, as th-7 contained more than what these Right Ron. Secrets State had already communicated to the pu! their epistolary correspondence, given in Newspapers, subsequent to the period of tl, minable and extraordinary duel on Putiii•y-1 11'e this day insert Lord GittNema's Lord FtanaL, his readiness to prrsei Catholic Petition, but declining to move of lilt( Lordship's reasons are candidly stated letter ; and will, we arc confident, he Rai tory to the great in iss of the Catholic Both We have always contended, that what remi be granted of the Catholic claims is, in rer mere feather; but that this feather, while on operates as a mill-stone about the neek of tl tish Empire. With this feeling, we deeply that the day of perfect emancipation and equality is, perhaps deferred by the disaam among the Catholics themselves. Yesterday a Court of Directors was held East India-house. when the undermentinned wander. took their final lease, proions to ing for their reipertivw destination.. viz. Captain John Wend, thigh Inglis; Captain Ito!.e) Aatrll ; ("vain Julia K Franklin, titin 1t illians Nerbitt, Haddad Captain I) 4 iot. Tigris Captain I'. Herbert, Haddam; dare Baur& James Hay, Sir Stephen Lusbingtou, fur net , Madras. Yottnetiesbeed, Almada, Bombay direct. The following Cepteine were sworn into tlu wind of their re.pective whips, viz. ! Capt Alexander eanspbell, Suiereign i Ca,tt G. V; Indus; for Madras and Bengal. The Court adjourned at six o'clock, til morrow. The undermentioned ships sailed from 1 , , for China on the I ith of Augur,t last, and Yoe of His Majesty's ship Crylon, all urn, Neptune, lloa . ...ddsr;n,• Tr;le Briton, ISortham ; land, Wedderburu ; mud Sesdeby Castle, Loch. l'he slips Surrey, Corobetlege; Caulk E..dea, Metcalfe, liisuke ; Devi:m.l4re, J. Murray; Earl Eustfield ; City of Lapidus, Yates; sad Retreat, flan rived at Madras, the Isth utSeptember last. East-India orders are this year given tt. mannfacttirers, for 18,000 piecr4, w h i c h are lees than thebrder of the preceding year. The ships Surrey, castle Eden, M••tcalfi rens/tire, Earl Howe, City of Londou, and arrived at Madras the 13th September List. We have received French Papers to tl e 'tent, hat their contents are not or any %awe The Packets for Lisbon, Cadiz, and the sailed on Sunday from Fail - month. The dispatches received on Tuirmlay. from Fi were from the American Nlinister •t I'mri4. were put on hoard the Castilian sloop, off Fin& by a Flag of Tr•re flout that port, snd f'r* by the First Lieutenant of the Costigam to 1.! , / They are suppoied to contain a copy of the between Francs and America. Mr. WELLESLEY will set nil imn3• 4 '* l ' Partamontll,l4 here the :inf.-tope. of s'o C";" . G to o e ve ti r r n ry: n h e i , i i n t. ot;t ir. as sT A r n w a , b 4 a it : r sa i d . o w r o same time in the Veda/ fi %ate, on a legattul Portrmtteee Cloyernmeet. The SPLAKEIea tiist Levee till be or Sl , the 3,1 Fehruarv. The Rumau Catholic. of the cite re , Carlow have appointed • ineeti-14, tutu Lon.ideration the propriety of iiet.!l•.:o" liameut for the removal of the which their body labours; and the Cat, comity of Donegal are al•in to 4 !I , • t n Jay. at Letterkenny, in that counts, r pose of considering the propriety of e.! 1 ! Members of Purl:Hinent fora:aid enni.ty for th' port in favour 01 the Petition, about to t c ; : r to the Imperial Parliament, on the part of %holies of Ireland. Thy inhabitants of the hundred or Co c re fo;11sh;e: 11417;•nted and ri I for of plate each, to six Commissioners of tinder the Property Tax Acts, for cAlly re.isted the rerospectirc stgrehirkr - 't *rector, Lty submitting an uppeal to the 11 ‘. the Exchequer, whose dee lion thereon w • the Agent" of the Iteeenite had no po.e , ut any indefinite period, a tux—iccount. cording to every Ictoo‘n legal form, bed vinus;y completed and settled."—The highly extolled at a 'whirr: h, nu the 41st 01., fir this impartial dt2.e.. - "• ly henournble to them as uprlght ad•r•:' the laws of 11;r country. 1 1 .1 , • • •, to ,net the icy thtt lIK welt' , riend-:1- 14 A ' l " t rBn t d h ill :t No Io ppositn,,, uper I ef111441 . , Ir. • wero rill h, I I l e ase KW? 111;, j4l „i 11 p , ': .4 :ode Peechei the tee 16".4 a,lc Jiscusse, lint ned kik eon chrries 4 In , itairli^, 14 ti alare II a" 114 tlwir t wir Mt. 1)11 Foot Irani I letter ta want resent the St" h ht upon il. "they ell in hie exce;: ma tistme. th Body.-- l:Arte , meta] t, ihrte realist, a ants, theil van the lin- tly hour g Id perfect A e " 4644 "Lin argil arwhi eld ',Slut in tie led Col. I "re , In "r •ten f;:s, euGil VP. Lae far a, • Irie s`3l !fa it rt. war j , the e(m. Vr.:103; ; t ill 15. 11,11.1 roell odor coo- in .., a-2. ; Clllll4lO. Coloct; 'Art Ito., limo-, N. et4T. Th to sere, si4lit are (I Mort STUN I offs. lk awl I St his ;5;11 EilE: I"' enßurT7:9 in Yo i 11 : : : forth n Fr lo !: : Th . nnlhl * ,, r•sar•i.d , I'!r tia(ll . ; .e. 11, Lout ::e rrekc ICI 01 1.• i,• T:., it t• 14,, tvi, ard, It . , • ' A char Mr m • 1.... r The Pnr e lel are 111 ren t'o• I •nh o , to fill