The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1819-02-08 00:00:00

F lalwnir is there employer] in cultivation. Paro chial farms are IlnrcroJoilly carried nu in the neigh bourhood of Craiihrook, in Kent, an recount of ',Web I transmitted to the Sdect Committee no the Poor Liisisill; and if our field• were cultivated t•i the garden style. the increased produce would aino ly Ilefri}• the phut iu agnt•ultuial parities, the tionr mat' he sid‘atitygl" ("II cut,pkolyd ni the eultivtiti 111 l of the •;1-11. aprons new to he generally rrcogritined t ; tint the !nun which I propose solonsitting to the ciiiisider:oioll of the Public, is of a more extrinnve o,.•ure. The position I wiqlt to rstoblish is this, " That 8% t e Poor in the Metropolis and iu Lige coning lie advantageously employed iu trades aril oilier manual occupati••ns. witlyintit injury to MI their I Ihonr ; hence it lon. Income id Midler of abviitute necessity, either to u.,liutau them without employment, or to send the ishlr-Imalled to work in the fields, both kr raising WWI. 41111 for producing 111;otrrlok f oI 1 14 , 1 111 1 factwe (as flax), more likely to interfere *kb fn. reign than domestic it gluon. :Ind in Which the more Whim fair w izlit he employed in Work houses, rod, that by the adoption of siscli a system, tlir Poor aill be mate rially In dace•sin; this subject, it is proposed to cm:- Soler the bilinwing 'Joints To what extent is ntaiiiial Int applicable to the cultivation of Ihr tool ? 2. Whitt is the prolcinle nondire o f ibtr . !tools mandaiind by the Poor Hate% in London and its innuctlinie vicinity, who conk) be usefully em ployed in carrying on minor gicat agricultural int pr.vrmrnt ?•—end 3. What would lir the best pl4ll for ca•n nlp such a ntrasuie into • &et ? %hat extent is suaiiiial labour apphcable to the cultivation of the T The. is a 'object that has Frequently been die cussed is. work. on agdcalture ; but understands tug that Mr. Fella, an eminent toirarryitian ut Gateshead, Oral' Nrectoetle. had reeemlo pm , par ticular attention to the cultivation or land by MININOIa /abuser, I applied too hint for the result of hi• expo-deuce, which he communicated with *lw greatest reediewes. Hr otate•, that tio an average it by been nserriained. that three men, and two women or girl. (heti% about the s•roportinti of the two mete., employed in nursery ground), taking rif round, will work about ten statute at rem, iu 11w proportion of about 2 . 1 acres for a now, and twice for a woman. But ii it, all it.. operstiono, takes a great deal mote wink than ground roe agsiculturel purposes. in which, he thinks, a man mar be able to cultivate five acres iu a year. At the rale for digging in the oeighboorbood of Newcastle. a mats may earn two .b o lmo g e per day, mid the five New , may hr done in Sit days. The saute Iwtiod tine will be requited fur manuring. aowitter, and planting his crops, and 148 allyr may be employed in boring, weeding, and other opera tions, making iu all 313 working days, in the year. The whole may be dune, without any improper degree of eaertion, by a man of medium strength. The profits derived from spoileehumbetsdry are certainly very considerable. By transplanting "theist there is a great saving of seed. and the ground brio% in perfect order, from the superior culture it has received, Coe isicrearre is great. The aoerage produce of wispier, in Esighowl, iv nude at the rate of twenty boatels per acre—wit Mr. Valle finds that trenched hind will yield store than oloulolr. lint '• II 'Tubing the prodove to br only forty barb: l•, at 10.. per boo 1. that would t tot twenty pounds per Krt e, and after amply indent oifying every possible expeuse. would produce a large profit. The crops of potittors. carrots, dJx, Itemise Swedish turnips, and other articles reired by epvi...littoolasittlry would likewise be very great. The nee of the plough was eevosittly an immense ion proveseent when &et introduced ; and it must always he apt tolicable to a very large - proportion of a cessetry, so me to the scarcity of hands. Tlw ad oo ga g e, derived From it, however, were formerly more ronviderable. when horses were bought Inn a tf; Pr. curl when their pfeiellldeT was cheap; but Al lice their twice has heroine on great, and their maintee natter •0... iy high, it is 'videos' that the expense of hl r r awl of mensal labour more nearly approach pal li otla.r. To bring land into a slate for cultiva tion, trrtieltiog will require iwrhapit si. and even otpwatde to r ucre ; hot to carry on its cultivation nr..-rward. may he done, even in the netehlsonrs hood of the metropolis., at From SO*. to 60e. per acre; dor ploughing of which would cost from 15$. to 20...; but °tee digging iticomidered toile equal In two ploughings. consequently the difference of reprove i• tad material, tebik Mr pendia, is double, nowt us mine gores, more than one crop may be ob. tasted to ilw same year. There can be no doubt, therefore, that the ma nual labour may be advantageously employed Iu the celtivatsoss of the soil. '2. What is the probable number of permute main. rained by the Poor-rateit in Loudon and its isnot,- diate vicinity, who could he employed in currpsig °tisane great agricultural improvements ? This is a question that is not ea,ily solved, and %b ids would require a good deal of investiv,ittion accurately to am ertain but the number rnii•t he eery great, and wheo it is convidtied that besides able-bodied men, • large'itroportion of women, and even somechildreu might he employed, there would be no difficulty in finding in London and its viei. only, from fifteen to perhaps twenty thott.istA tier sons who might be employed in various depart ments connected with the cultivation of :Lc sad, and preparing its 11)roductioess for tt•e. Ilesiiles mere digging, a variety of operations might be executed by labour, as collecting l.•tau tire, transportiong it in barges op the river, elm- Vr) ing it to list fields un portable 11'011 roil-e ys, transplanting the crops, liorin t ; and w«etlits, t them, cutting down ur crisping thefts, thrtisliiiig by hand sodls, and grinding 11. e wheat by the so • see the Repo,t of the Fidect Conimiiire on the !Niue Low., an 1817, Appendix 6, Nu. 2, p. 184. lei ennui.% parishes, agrienliare fiiinisher the moat and umful ignorer of ettiplii)ment ; fur domes the trhol , stut•k of •I.bs wrier be ILnrby utcre•sed, yet tie. col et Ihr bold ottobl be Turl• Ili 1n rtilupirlisalell for ;toy lbw •.+ut ion 1., tb• value of Isis product, by the v4,116;1.011.1- of She expenceot maimintoing his family and Woollens and the noir. important reduction of ate poor rAir "—Set the •ninable Report on the Pour Laws, 41,5. 1617, p. 19 j Are G►orral Report of Scotland. , 01. ii. p. 297, whl•rr this• is •n effilirr SITIII6OI M. 1 re, !And the 44.de sit Agairultute, p. 151 and p..2:11, note. ••• • ',Ts .y.- "Inr" V strongly Term:nrolled by 44 The Society of Arts," In *hurt, the employments which Agriculture fur -111%60 airr numerous awl uncesiong. In order r.nploy 4 greater 'mother of 'people, if the climate and the soil of the [owl brought into cultivation were Misitable, hops might he ringed, which in favourable sessions would be highly pro ductive. . . Another notirrisl object woniti be, the culture of fbis, in the mailufacture of which, the old and the iiiftrin might tie employed iii work-houses. This nbiti iy onfersiftilly rNrried 11110 effect in the work hoto.e at St. Martin in the. Fields, and six or seven others: awl if the raw material could be loot ined in eufficient quantities, the it,puitatiou of foreign tisk ur Innen would be no liniKer ',revisory. Con skier:tie quantities of hemp might likewise be raised. 3. Whitt would he the bekt plan for carrying such a nuloture into effect ? There lb no doubt. that in in opalent a city In that of London, a large sum mogtot be raised to carry on such a plan, without any thought of profit or interest. Bust there is not the least occasion for Roy individual losing :my sum he may be dicholed to subscribe far so useful a purpose. On the con trorry,if properly managed, it must prove a very be neficial concern. Nu stoney can be laid out with more profit, than in the improvement of the soil. The author of this paper purchased an estate for 8.5001. mid improved au much its value, that it sold for 40,000/. Ile let a farm al t2O years ago for 18/1. per annum, which was likewise so much im proved under his directions, that it sold lately for 184001. These are facts winch ore within his own knowledge, and coroitiot be controverted. If such beneficial improvements could be effected 700 tulles distant from the metropolis, what may not be ac complished in its immediate vicinity ? Any idea, thereliore, that the proposed concern may prove • loe•toog one, ought nut to be entertained for a mo ment. The following heads, on the whole, are suggested, as a immolation for the proposed institution :- 1. That the Society shall be called, The Royal Azrirolitanl Cooupoog,pr flit Improvement of the Lands of Me liingduni,atal promoting Domes tic Colonization; of which his Hopi! Highness the Prince liegetit hr rtquested to be the patron. 2. That under the authority of Parliament, the poem of one million (or any other sum adequate to the purpose) lie raised by a joint stock company, in shares of iitd. each, or twenty thousand shares in all, for promoting au beneficial an object. S. That the management of the concern be con fided to • President, Four Vice-Presidents, Fif teen Directors, Five Trustees, Three Auditors, • Treasurer. an Accountant, and such other Officers as may 1w judged necessary. 4. That the sum to be raised, shall he paid by regular itistrilments, fro pounds at the tittle of sub scribing, and ten pounds every six mouths after. wards, us the same way lie required. 5. That land shall he related or purchased, either from the Crown, or fount private individuals, to such an extent as the capital of the Couspauy will esialile it effectually to cultivate. C. That convenient accommodation shall he pro vici.ai in the neighbourhood of the land brought Otto cultivation, where the Directors, and other Members of the Compaily may reside when they are desirous of examining the progress of tile un dertaking. 7. That a regular account of the improvements carried on shall be drawn tip, awl submitted to the considerati )))) or his Royal Highness the Pa tron, and of both Houses of Ptithament, and like wise printed for the information of the Members of the Company, mid of the public at 'urge. 8. That the accounts of the Compass,- shall he annually audited, said open to the inspection of all concerned; anti that after the first your of actual cultivation, a ilivideird of S per cent. or what* ver other sum the protlis of the concern way yield, shall be paid to the sub•ciibers. 9. That a neg iri.ition he entered into with the Clinrch warden.; and Overseers of the several parishes of Loudon and its vicinity, respecting the number of poor they cum respectively furnish, rind the various articles they trill chase from the Coiniiany, and that those parishes he Keferred who 'ilk: the most advantageous terms to the Company. 10. 'That a Meeting shall be called fur taking the 'thrive plan into coloaderation, and for presentiog a P e t i tio n to Parliaintnit for erecting the proposed Company into a corporate hotly. It cannot to- too 'Hoch inculcated in favour of any plait fOr employing the p in liehtotiolry, that tittle is this • ssential distinction b e tween it "Nisei every other 111111411" ill occupying them, that by e ul. 'tenting the soil. Foots, the girot object of human labour, is direrily obtanied ; by industry of pity other kind, at tarsi oily be immured indirectly, and by nierois of exchange. lit regard to the mintitire of the plan—the district whirr the land is to be rented or purchased—the tireesiary to acemninudate the labourers— the maimer to which they Hit' to he paid or main tad.ed—tliti stature of the crops to he cultivated— the mariner in which the produce is to he disposed of—and other nitwitw particulars, it would be vain to attempt to eillatgL t. WM them at this time, as they must depend on such a variety of circum stances, and can be safely confided to those who are placed to the direction. CONCLUSION . There never walla period when such an Institution was sil called for, nor when there was so favourable au opportunity for carrying it into ettert. It. fart, unless some great measure be to:deft:lke'', to furnish the unemployed poor with a nieaos of subsistence, by their awn labour, the other cla , ses of the community will not long hr. able to maintain them, and some fatal con voisson must be the necessary consequence ; where as, if tilio4 plitil were nn example of -ucce.-101 improvement would tsv cxhiliited, which wnsaisi mum be iniouicsi its evert/ other part of the kitsgilani, and it would probably spread with a rapidity, of which there Is no r%lllllple in history. Its assoc. .s,,boviever, deprsals on the tiktirat large Capital ; for, in many cases, If only 5/. pit arse is expended, the iiilollCy may h e lost, wheiemv, by laying out 15/. per acre, the whole expense may be repaid in the course of one year. On the a hole, there is every re.isnis to hope, if no other advantage were to resit It films the premis ed plan, tl.is object, at least, might be obtained, Ar• grower . LONDON, MONDAY, Fusin:Arty a, IRO. hmeilt to state ll•et, durio ? „ the last se st et ( rest superable pressure war t• pet Ir. red to the City, only in the inot.ey Ili II kit, but gen.nally throughout the various brariches of commetc-. This is attributed to the anxiety which is said 10 have been felt respectiog the possibilay of the Batik of England being; comp-Bed in resume cash payments at the period now prescribed by law, But 'iota alotaudirig the corricideirce of ill s mo mentary depression with the agitation in Parria meta of that most important question, we cannot ocksiowledge the justice of the supposition. In the first place, we do nut believe that any such arixiety has betel felt, because every one is well assured, from the constitution of the Committees No •rinted Parliament to investigate the state of our gerterid currency. that the Reports iu b.ll Houses will advise the continuance of the I:airk restriction; and who can believe that this recommendation, will not be adopted by the Legislature ? In tie second place, however, we think, without referring to this circumstance, there is sufliciem cause for the tem porary pressure that we lament. The corunnunrca tiou made on Thursday last, out the Stock Ex change, by Mr. 111 AS e, that no farther Clitt-11.11111 of time would be grouted by the Bank to the holders of Orunium, together with the near approrich of the time for paying the last instalment on the loan, amounting to , 20 per cent. would naturally exercise a very considerable influence on the state of the money market, with which every fibre of commerce must of necessity evince a ready sympathy. With this circumstance before us, we need not suppose the existence of apprehensions which have no from. dation in reality. On Saturday one defaulter was declared on the Stock Exchange, and a longsesta. blished French house stopped payment to a very great amount. These are the calamities that from time to time, be felt in every country obese there is no fixed standard of value, and where the circulating; medium can be enlarged or diminished et the will of a certain number of individuals, who have no princride to direct or control but feeliirgs of self-interest. We desire, however, to be understood as by no means alluding exclusively to the Bank of England. Of the Directors or that establish ment we can have no reason to speak but in terms of the highest respect, and we feel confident that if the currency of the country were altogether in their discretion we should not have to complain of the frequent and ruinous variations in the valise of property that occasionally take place. But it is the mischief of a paper currency that is unchecked by a ready convertibility into gold and silver, that those who have, the apparent management of it cannot always be aware of the exact depth of the cliamiti of circulation, or when it Is at that happy state of fuloess which affords a per fect facility to the transfer of property without affecting its relative valise. On Brie delicate point a convertibility of paper into metals affords unerring proof. If, indeed, the issue of paper were confined to the Bank of England, it is possible, from the great experience of that body, this point might he itscertrimed with tolerable precraioir ; bust the Bank is eternally counteracted by the issues of the lesser banks throughout the country, so that let the Batik of Erigland diminish its issues ever so enrich. the channel it leaves dry will be soon overflowed by the increased streams from the country books. The present apparent high price of gold is caused solely by Bus excessive issue of paper throughout the country, and it is nothing snore than a delusion to assert that bullion loss risen in price by the demand in foreign markets, while our currency retains its original and proper value. If our currency were not depreciated, gold and salver would at present bring a higher price in the London market than on any part of the Continent, and consequently the precious metals. instead of eluding our grasp, would be flowing to us in a constant mid rapid stream. Many people, however, now begin to ask. what is the use of ever returning to a cash currency. or why we should hazard any risk by alter ing the circulating medium ? To such persons we should answer only by pointing out the constant changes in the public foods, the occasional depressions experienced in the com mercial world, the failures of long-established houses ruined by soecidatiosis, wherein the absence of a tix.d standard of value baffles their experience and skill. We use the word speculations here in a good sense, as expressing those fair and honourable enterprises in which merchants moat inevitably engage, and which, as a happy union of skill, courage, and capital, have hitherto distior guished the merchants of this country above all others ; but contrasted with these there is another class of speculators, who confine their operations to the money market, surd triumph iii the con fusion and uncertainty that in the present system urns: ail through t the conittitiorty. These men have unfortunately acquired t o o much influence, and by holding w their hands the apparent barometer of gumless credit, are co. /Ailed to control the Treasury and the Palter; ' mar"" ' ; ~~~~. . r / • Bluff. Their eti,te;,ce ltrininotes with l it. 11,,„k reit /101011. and if !lie destruction 6f viseli e-foori ware the only uilriantage lobe derived from to rash payment-, it iv " a cminirndettiiii i vaulty to he wialsed for ;" lint with 11.. it Must likeisi,e terminate the prevent rioilonu, 'uverlo. toy of property, whic.i interrupts the inle t ." a besineav, del singe, initiate property, and in varto slat prevent, the for.n.irion of all bargain.,. ends v. ny,t. gages, the granting el timosities. and each ;ik• aus. rani/einem,. that ore permanent HNC. 't. DR! 111" - 111111 to operate /Wan). While ti,e fitteg medium islr taw. there ni fur the vdltie of prope,re ; sli d w h o 1 , 6 , 10 himself to the performoter of s opreifie of which the effect vattot4 forteeta. bud no coofideoce eau hr At Oust itl • fro yews 1 14 spit a trot Lac tutitly opposed .tu the term G r the cootruet ? We ltd.e receiver! t s ar Paris Pipers to the 3•I instant. The present erstiOu wboutiits with sflil death% mid tnarriagea. To the h•t ul• the former w e have now In add the death of the Ee.16„ 4 IV., of Spain. His Illiaitsve survlbril has (lces•:s htrlc snore than a fortnight.--A 11. 1 , 6 , lotion trolls t h e Chamber of Peen,. sit the heasi of which was the CHANCELLOR, prevented, on tic 3d, to his MAJEATT, the law fur granting a national ft. convener to the Duke of Iticumak in. It bad been adopted in that body on Tuesday, by a majority of 83 to 43, e circunifftance which 'hews the propriety oldie Noble Duke's origins! desire to decline this in4rk of Royal favour. Considerable alarm apps►, to hate heels .elltnitld in remote parts of Frus,ce fur the comairrcial stet. of Marseilles. The shock. how. ever, was but a slight one, from the effects of which the city ppredsly recovered. 'll . llr Freoch Fonda have improved coowiderahlt.. Os. M lay the Five per Ceists.opessed at 691. 90c. and closed at 70 I. 30 c. ; and on Wednesday at 701. 00 c. Bank Stock on Tuesday, 1,515 I.; ow Wednesday 1,521! 1. We have received New Yo. k Papers to the eth he Autional Intelligencer gives a brief out. line of the adjustment of the disputes between Spain and the United States. In the first Arnde it is mentioned, that the United States deeply regret the violation of the Spanish territory by the American forces under General Jatusofr. and that it wait without the authority of the Goverowew. The second Article refers to the ceb,loo of ti , e Floridan to the United States. The third tool fourth Articles give a brat outline of the to territory. fifth a .d sixth regulate the tion of the two countries, and the old Treaty Is referred to where it was agreed that the flag shou:,l protect the cargo; but in case of future nati, any Beiligerent should not acknowledge this prai. efpfe, then the Treaty on this sulsject to be consi dered void. The last Article state. that the et ssi.in of the Florida. shall he considered in full m meta lot all claims of America upon Spain; rod an a great proportion of these claims have arisen kraa l the confiscation of American property by Frelici Officers, while in the territory of Spain, these amounts to be specified by the United State., that they may be claimed from the Government of France. The intelligence from South America is of tlie moat erorsorditiary description. An American, of Nltinte Video, of eminence, it is stated, has trans mitted to the Uhited Stater the unexpected genet. that the Govtriament of Buenos Ayrea, in conjunction with Chili, have resolved on mendivg oil otter to an European Foreigner, of " the Crow', of South America." The Envoy was to proceed to France. An expedition. consistinw, of 3,000 men, had been dispatched to Santa. Ft. A large expedittim against Low was preparing at Valparaiso. On Sitturthie morning, •t ten o'cloilt. the Lords of the Council had • inteling :it the Privy Colour:I Room. on Prize Appeals. which wi.i atteoitoit Lv the LORD PRESIDENT. Sir W. GRANT, Sir JOHN NICHOL, Mr. BEA:Kwitn,&.c. Saturday efteritooti the Doke oe DUCCLFCCS MA Lord BERESEORD, Coniottettder.iti-Chief er the Portuguese army, ar.ived at the Geor4e l'ottointintli, to embark in hi. Majesty's frigate Liffey, Cuptoiti H's• HENRY Untscse, C.B. for Lisbon, which ohm hos been fitte , l fur their tele bun said passage vise of t h e win d pr - vents the Liffey's sir Lieutenant PA Ray is appointed to the /I,r!-:, with 55 men, and L.elitetiatit Lininx, is i!e Griper, with 35 men, tun-oiled for the next iii tti.covery t,i the Nustil Lieuteultit Lord H. Itir NNE is aispOtarti to the Active. Cowv., FEBRUARY s.—Oti the 17th tilt. in long. 36. ht. 44. 30. oft tile batiks id Newbfundo land, Captain GRAVES. of the Chutles (which too rived at this port from N.tioncket, on the 2il fell in with the brig Athon. of Chester, GEORGIC TAYLOR, mostet, fr,un Curk, Wen with curl+, for Boston, soil caving mite posiieogers on hood, 'rater-lugged, and tl.e afra stoking a fur loeitch over her, with all her pulls blown away, Colitatto TAY Loh, his crew (I'2 in number, two litivioz died), und the passengers .f who's three %tr.e fetualt,), exhausted with faitpie, and booltled with the dysentery, so as not to be able to o.t.se 4111 detk. The see was 1441111.10 4 :140 mountainous high. that Capt. ttA YES Could only take them out of t! Nelson by too in a time, which lie did, and lande.l thin sole h.re this diiy. The isillihttritts of ' Eiott ;Aid %%eo Cosec suflirietit to supnly them with clothes, &c. tirttl they 00 be fotetirkleJ to their rewprciive homes. . . tint the Poor would soon he eliab:4-4 to rsiae proviiiiir. for their own vuittiiiiiice, and 110 im iiiiriation of foreign grain would in future be oircrioiary, even that would be an ineolinable advantage ; but, if the plan floes vitected to the extent that may br expected, r frutirlation oat be bail, for improving every acre iu the kingdom, ca. pahlr of sielffing ally valsiuble iiroiturtion ; rod ell that floating capital which 'night litherwi,e remain *Mier unemployed at borne, or night be sent to forrigo conotrirs, from the difficulty of placitig it out to advantage, might thus he laid out it, pro. the cultivation of our own country, run iti rinrlioratiog the condition of 'am JOHN SINCI.AIU. Orly t.Mge, ilnya Cuatilva, Surrey, 121 k January, 18111. IMPERIAL PARLIAMEIVT. HOUSE OF COMMONS, SATCRDAY, Fusty Aim 6. The SPEAKER (*mile dims' to the [louse at hdlf: post three, taut at four o'clovk. there being 4billy thirty-seven Members p►ereut, an arljoutmarent of course took place. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. PARIS PA P ERS. PAM% FEBRUARY 3. The Duke de Richelien arrived at Buurdraux ups ihe 1611, or January. 11 is announced that on the complaint of M. Bella, t, the Prneureur-General, M. Claveau, the Advocate, has been cited heroic the Council of Diaciplisie of his profession, in consequence of a letter which he had written, demanding the communication of some papers of procedure, and the issue in judgment of Cuntllou, who is accused of having, about ten months since, fired a pistol at the Duke of Wellington's carriage. General Litlimner!, after the entire dispersion of the Champ isle, proei riled to New Orleans, where he appears desirous of settling himself. Various reports are circulated respecting the ultimate objects of this General. Some be lieve that he will establish a commercial house, others that he is undertaking the study of the laws of the motley, and purposes to become an Advocate. lie has purchase•l a house, reserving to himself the power of giving it tip in three months on paying an indemnity. In the Chamber of Deputies a considerable number of Peti tions were read. Among them was one from General Sarrazio, who is confined in the Conciergeric, stating, that having been condemned to death in his abseoce,on the I2th of Nov, 1810, by the First Council of War of the 18th Military Division, brought now to be sent before another Council of War, to remove this sentence. That until this be effected, be eaa exercise on civil right, nor appear is Court either as Plain tiff or Defeudant. He protested then against the denial of justice by the Miiiister of War, who has refused him new Military Judges, and demanded the interference of the Chamber, that he might be sent to the department of the 1.01-and-Garinine, before his natural judges, who will pin nounce 011 the accusation of bigamy, with which he has been charged. On the recommendation of the Committee, the Chamber passed to the Order of the Day. PARIS. FEBRUARY 4. Au extraordinary courier yesterday brought the indancliiily intelligence that his Mairsty King Cliarks IV. died at Rowe on the night between the 20th and 2i:it of January, of en illness that lasted only twenty-four hours. This Prince survived the Quern, Ida conso►t, only sixteen days. Yesterday, at eleven o'clock, the Committee of the Chamber of Peers, conducted by the Chan cellor, presroted to the King the law concerning the Duke of Richelieu, adopted by the Chamber in its last sitting. On the first of this month a duel took place be tween M. de Saint !Hamelin', an officer in the Royal Guard, nephew of the Marquis de Foutanes, Peer of France, and a Sieur Flynt, of Nantes. Thr former was wounded by a pistol shot in the abdomen. The ball could not be extracted, and the unhappy young man expired this evening. To sentiments the most generous that could distinguish au officer, M. de Saint Marcellin united qualities the most amiable, and the gifts of an enlightened mood. Ile devoted to the muses, whom he courted with success, whatever time he could spare from the duties of his profession. One may imagine the regret caused by Ins untimely death to his family ;Ind to society. Four young men of Montreuil haring appeared there one Solidity, at a ball, in a state of nudity, the most revoltiolg were arrested, and have under gone un examination before the ✓age d'lnstrection. MADRID, JANUARY '2l. The Government employs every means that are proper to raise the credit of the ttoyal voles. Notice has been given that they will be renewed in the month of February, us used formerly to be practised every year. This formality has not taken place since 18 15. The interest will be paid in the manner prescribed by the late Decrees, and the bearers are enjoined to present them in the course of the ensuing month, on pain of losing a year's in terra. These public funds now lose more than eighty per cent. ! Private letters from Cadiz, of the 15th instant, speak of the exertions that are making to fit out the grand expedition. The time of its sailing is not mentioned, but many people fear it will nut reach its destination mail Me end of this year. The Viceroy of Peru has tint cr used during a year to demand succours, particularly in the naval branch of service. On the arrival of his first dispatches, orders were sent to Cadiz to arm the tiny of war the Saint-Vine. and the frigate Throw, to which will now be added Le Gnerrier and the frigate La Perk. The preparations fur this arma ment ore pu►hed forward with the greatest activity, and it is thnoght these ships will be lenity to sail in April or May next. It is not said what truups will embark in them. 'ill pa . i 1-: S 1 1. P.ItES S. X'yy.rvri