The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1824-02-17 00:00:00

►t I:~ ,!; from our foreign ,'elations , tfiat the utmost disposition to pacifies tion prevailed. From the speech of the King, it would seem that no Reprehension was entertained of a foreign war. and it there from aoneared to hint somewhat strange, at least, that such a time should be selected for the increase of our naval force by four thousand men. (Ilene, hear.) It was true that Sou:h America was at present in a very agitated state. Although her independence de jure was rot admitted, yet her independence de filets was. This country had sent Consuls to South America, as a step to the recog nition of her independence, and it was notorious that Spain, the mother country, could not by force rcc .ver the authority she once possessed in the provinces of South America, struggling Sr independence, unless aidol by other countries (Hear, hear.) Ile begged to remind the Howe that the Finance Committee had sug gested. that nineteen thousand men were sufficient for the defence and security of the country. It was therefore with no small sue priee, after twenty-fire thousand had been voted for the naval ser vice last Sension, he now saw an increase of four thousand pm poised, when it was marifest that such increase was wholly unne cresary for the service of the country (hear.) Mr. HUME contended, that if the naval force was judiciously' distributed, there was enough for the service of the country. He begged to call the attention of the gallant ()Slicer to the cirenni st wee. that whilst South America was pointed out to the attention of the House there were six ships at the present moment in the Tagus, whilst there ITSSonly one at Lima. As to the observations which the gallant Adiniral had made, with respect to the promotion of masters, he saw no Orderof Council whi made an allowance or distinction in favour of merit. On the contrary, such persons were made in. capable. as it were, of qualification. The terms of the Order o Council were, that " they were not eligible to be examined " He saw no order in favour of merit or talent. The observations of tie Gallant Officer were between him and himself (Mr. Home), sod it would appear on whose aide there was most accuracy of in formation. Ile bad been areneed of undermining the character and interests of the navy ; far his part, he acted in such a inatintr to he conscientiously believed was best calculated to promote the interests and uphold the character of the nary. If, as the Gallant I Officer had laid it down, promotion was not awartlel exclusively ' to seniority, but to merit also, he would readily agree to such a proposition. But he begged to call the attention of the House to the speech of the Gallant Officer of last Session. He then said, that when the junior members of great families conaineended to Jo; (for that was the term the Gallant Officer toed), they ought to he promoted. ("No, no," from Sir G. Cockburn). Ile (Mr. II ) had attended to the speech, and that was the impression which it made on his mind. Now, for his part. he did not olieet to men of sigh families being promoted, provided it did not interfere with men of merit. But it was observable. that instead of a fair two_ portion— instead of one to six—the proportion of members of KO ten iliet being promoted in preference to men of talent, was as six to one. (Hear. hear.) This was really the fact; red although it was not to be expected that the ninny officer* who sorreuriled the Gallant Admiral, anxious to make his influence available to their I promotion, would tell him that such was the fort, vet this was a truth which a candid fricial would communicate to ; and if '.o person had communicated this, he hoped that the G chart Officer would act hint (Mr. Iluine) down as the candid friend to whom he was indebted for such an intimation. (A laugh.) Allar the increase of last year he persisted in the opinion that it rat unnecessary to make a fresh augmotation in the present. As ro satisfactory explanation had been offered, he wonli certainly press the question to s division. Ile was actuated soL•ly by a Perna of duty—by an anxiety to husband the resources of the country. so that in chic hour of need it might be ready for any enterprise it Was called upon to embark in, and by a desire to promote, as far a 4 ',unable, a practical reduction in the expenditure of the country. (Hear, hear.) Sir G. COCK 11UHN did not know how the newspapers might represent his sentiments, and was therefore ignorant of toe manner in which his opinions might go ';.rah to the world. However, he a it that in that House he stood on firm geounds, anti that a Proper iinerpretation would be put upon the expression of the sentiments be uttered. Ile should rot row trespass on the attention of the Heuse, ware it rot that he was apintelteesirt• his silence might be eeestrued into an aeknowleagment of the delingitency with which he stood chariot' by the Hon. Member for Aberdeen. The asser. tiara which he made last Session lie was not new a-shamed to repeat ; it was this, that every man of fertune or high flintily, who en tered the profession, should be attended to. and his promotion ad vanced, provided such pioniotion did not interfere with men of reeiit anti talent in the profession. (lhar, hear.) This Was a principle -.t.i.itrh he maintained in this theive, and on which he acted out of it, for he thought that the mixture of rick and julent ',eh skill and talent was that principle to which the British oney arse indebted for its resent greatness and respectability. (!Iran. hear.) This was his opinion; he knew it was the opinion also of many other officers in the same profession, who had nilieh expe rience and knowledge of it. The officers of the rave were si t s. tied with this regulation. and they could aasnre the Hon. Metillier for Aberdeen that they were so : but he believed that very few satiaied people visited him. (A laugh). Be thus boldly declared to the House his principles and mode of conduct; anal although Me Hon. alember may disposed to find fault, ye; he would not be induced to swerve T. 0171 the course of conduct which he had Lidotro adopted anti rettal upon. ANN I \ G rose.— I perfectly well remember the debate of Is': season, and the opinion* winch my Ilmsour..ble Friend (Sir G Cockburn) expressed in the course of it. Of the opinions he thee expressed, there w in the course of this evening miteh mis representation. 31y Iletourable Friend did not say that in this Coe country, merit titletit should give way to birth and for.une, esti tit:it the latter altoold have as it were an exelosive preftrenee. The opinions which lie expressed, and i!! which I concurred and followed him. anitiont.d to nothing like such n propmition. The sentiments that I prof,soed then I proton and maintein now. I ant clearly of opinion that it is the niixtur• of service of merit with rank and fortune that traintains the r...spectablity of the Iteitish Navy. let rot birth or rank have an undue preference over skill and Wert., hut let it be attended to us far as is COr•SiStelt w i t h the reword die to merit. (Hear, lions) Thie is a principle and regu lation to which the nary themselves will look wi Mont personal gredging or individeal iealoasv. It woulil not merely be toy in tention to underralat that reputation which defer did on self-created merit. bin inv o!..ject would be to enhance it by tuition it with those hereditary elninis of rank and birth, the combined as soetition of te. hich constitutes the greatness ef :he I:eiriah rattle. It should be remembered, that persons who ere born to affluence, who may live at home in luxury and ease, will not leave their home, unless from the ant-pert of great reward ; they will not undergo hardship with the same readiness as these who arc ob liged by necessity to do so : it is therefore desirrhle that every encouragement, consistent with the dui n7pleciation of skill a nd seniee, should be held out to them. ilesidsi. one of the greatest rewards to those who distinguished themselves in their country's sersiee was, to raise theta to the rank and level of those who were distinguished by rink and ennobled by birth. It was, in troth, the introduction of men of rank into the naval service. that Mali.' the British navy not only the pro . ..ssion or men of skill and talent, but also the profoution of gentlemen. (Hear, hear.) It is true that this country was never before so situated, iii which it might look with greater confidence to the continuance cf a lung peace: but although peace was to be expected, we were hot to be without the apprehension of peat agitation. In say agitation that might art. it would he incumbent on this court; to maintain, not only its independence, but its nautical riurity over the other nations of Europe. (Hear, hear.) three districts towartls which it was now incumbent on 'total its particular attention. The Mediterranean, South America. (Hear, hear.) In env in_ country otay be called upon. in reterenee to at tlits•sit•ts, it eras :,et only to dia. - play a strove hand, but ebb to seises 'great lhomilitode andereitt himself with the answer given to them when uttered on a former vigour. (Hear.) Oohs each CIICUMI4IIIMI4 it was the duty of emesion by a gallant and Hon. Friend near him (Sir (t. Cockburn). that country, to be lot only equal, but superior to any foreign na. Mr. BERNAL said that the answer alluded to by the Hon. don in the would. It would be necnsaary that such a naval force libanoet, as given by a gallant Admiral, in place of giving ads- should be kept up, as that by their neighbourhood, a lineof com fit:don. prod w ced the greatest diesati.faction. generally joined munication should be observed, and the ships might be brought , if Lie Hon. Friend, thellember for Aberdeen, in his call for redue- necessary, Into ready co-opera:ion. When such important objects but on this occasion he considered him to be in error. Though were to be attained, and when the great interest this country poor tie horizon was not now overwhelmed with memo, be still saw timed in upholding its prowess at sea was coosidered, Gentlemen and indicative of their corning in almost every hemisphere. ought rather wonder at the smallness of the present vote, which & misted much to the egercise of a fair discretion to the employ- an far flout going beyond the necessity of the State, should not be mint of our nary, which he wondered as almost sacred to our well- so Inc as now proposed; which, were it not for the great conti babe, and he would not therefore oppose the proposed vote. It tierce we entertained in a long and protracted peace, would be Wers his duty to state that the seamen were now more comfortable I °dimwits insufficient. ( Hear, heat.) . dam at hay fanner time ; hutif the question of the administration I elr. HUM E expressed his satisfaction at the explanation given of the navy were brought betere the House. he would hold himself, by the Right HGneman. Such an explanation would have at liberty to vote as his eudgment might incline him. been well timed last year, when the subject was brought before the Sir CI. COCKBURN std, that being so personally alluded to, limes. lie would not press the question to a d vision, as he he must say a few wores. As to the answer which he formerly originally intended. gave, he could only now say that it embraced his opinion, which The amendment was then negatived without a division, and the did net seen to produce any complaint (min any of the experienced • original resolution agreed to. naval officers in this lleuee who hood it. He now repeated, that I The following navy estimates were then ' agreed to : f promotion were confined to seniority. it would be d o ing an in. For the wages of twenty-eine thousand Kamen, at two pounds ogle{ to the nary. Offieers of rank were useful in the House . seven shillings a month, 1015.1501. hear. hear.) and elsewhere; and the British navy was never before I For the victuals for 'said men, at one pound and eleven shillings a n a its eof greater efficiency, whether as to the ships, the ellicers, or I man a month, 5114.1e01. ease ; and every libenil man would , he was sure, admit the fact. Fur the wear and tear, being the charge for the stores and mate- He remembered that when he was young in the profession, there I reds for the nee of the ships in sea service, at fifteen shillings a teem frequent instances of young men of high family, who remained man a month, 2r1.7:4 1 - at borne in their drawing-rooms until the period of their promotion I For the ordnance for sea services at the shillings a men a month, had arrived; and there were instances of young men at that time be- 94,2301. ceenMg Fast Coptains at the age of seventeen. The present regu. I Making a total, of 1,847,300 i. lotions were such as to prevent these enormities, for by no other R leCe Pitt /CITY DUTIES. name could he denominate such undue preference in the profession. Mr. HUSKISSON brought up the of the Committee on (Cheers.) At present, however, before a person could even become the Reciprocity Duties' Bill.--It re7l:n i d agreed to. a Lieutenant, he had to go through a pointed and difficult ears- RESIDENCE OF IRISH CLERGY. mined°, ;it was nee; wary for him to she w that he was acquainted Mr. GOULBURN rose to ask permission for the introduction with navigation ; that he could himself direct time course of a ship ; of a bill of which he had given previous notice. The residence of that he was, in short, competent to the office of command before he clergy in their respective parishes was extremely desirable in all could attain even the rank of Lieutenant. Ae to foremast men, it countries ;—in a country situated as Ireland, it wag peculiarly so. wee necessary that they should be two years at K ea before they The reason that made the residency of the clergy in Ireland so per 4011111 become midehipmen, and it was necessary that they should culiarly beneficial was, that in many parts of the country they had be two mean afterwards at sea before they were eligible to promo- I to disaarge not only the duties of clergymen, but also to supply Lion. (Hear.) As to masters, they took the station of masters ; the place of resident gentry. The principal object of his present with an express understanding that they were not to be promoted I motion was, to limit the plea of exemption of clergymen from re to that rank. flowerer, if they evinced any distinevidied merit, siding on their benefices, and to make a provision for the stipen the Admiralty had a power, which they exercised :n advancing I diary clergyman pepportionate to the benefice and to the amount of them in their proteseiiim. The Hon. elembee brut spoken of men the population. 'There were many inducements which made the being flogged by a boy ; he begged to assure the Hon. Member that : clergymen in Ireland unwilling to reside in their parishes ; there no person, but tee Captain e on board any of his elajeste's ships , were many predilections inseparable from human nature which had anthrwity to inflict punishment, and returns were made to the may lead them to absent themselves front their parishes. It was Admiralty of the punishments inflicted so that even in this respect I the duty of the Legislature to provide that this absence from their there was a cheek and control exercised over the punishments which respective paddles should not be injurious to the flocks with whose Captains imposed. This was the system that had always revelled I care and spiritual superintendence they were entrusted. For the in the British navy ; by the operation of that system it lead arrived I present he would only eels permission to bring in the bill. It might at its present greatness, and there was nothing in the plans and be open ter subsequent discussion. The object of the bill was, suggestions of the Hon. Member for Aberdeen, which could Ito restrain clergymen from embarking in merchandire, and for prove that system, or augment in any degree the naval superiority making suitable provision for stipendiary clergymen. which Great Britain possessed over tee nations of Europe.—( Hear, Sir J. NE))*POUT was of opinion, that the bill did not go to the r.) moat kat ortant point which required correction relative to Irish 54 F. MI AI A Neil - , in a time utterly inaudible in the gallery, , benefices. A bill, to be available to the remedy of the existing seemed to support the original sane. abuses should aim at doing away with the pluralities. The great Captain MAUI:RM . did not expect that such a vote as the abuse, consisted in one clergyman being possessed of eight, ten, and present mettle he proposed by his .Nlajtsty's Ministers. It appeared sometimes thietecn parishes. Nor was this the only . seabn that -ed : enently,bmides these um parishes, many clergymen i enjoyeu frequently,benuso they enjoyed four or five other benefices in another diocese. Wdi om meaning any invidoir. selection, he begged to state, that the Dean of Annagh (laird Lifford) held In one parish 3118 acres of glebe, with a house attached to it. In another parish he possessed 299 acres of glebe, without a house. In the diocese of Cinglier he held five parishes, with a glebe of 1,311) acres. There were other instances of clergymen possessing in one diocese a glebe of ' 2.606 acres, and in anot h er five vicarage'. It was impossible that any clergyman could discharge the multiplied duties which by , right devolved upon him. There were no clergy better paid than the lash clergy,and it might at least he expected of them that they would dis charge tie functions of their office. The people, by the payment of tither., covenanted with the clergyman for the discharge of his duty ; and surely it was impossible for any clergyman, under such cir cumstances, to fulfil the compact he had made with his pa rishioners. He begged to press upon the attention of the Hight Honnuraide Secretary (Mr. etotilbumi the necessity of doing away with these pluralities , if he wished to make his Bill really seriiceable to the country. Much as the residence of clerics - nen on their benefices was desirable, the discontinuance of bestowing many benefices on one clergyman was more so ; for it rendered the neglect of duty unavoidable. (Hear, hear.) The result of this system of unions was, that the clergymen were separated from some of the parishes on which they should reside, contracted habits of men of wealth and opulence, and were too' much accustomed to look down upon the people, whom they should treat with kindness and regard. AI r. II UM I; wished that a clause should be added to the Bill, taking away altogether the power of granting these faculties. [-a ril this, amongst other things, was done—until everything respect ' ing the lbitsch Establishment was new-modelled—no good what ever could he done. As long as thepresent system lasted, there could ' be no satisfactory result. All the efforts of the Hight Ilon. Seen e tarf would bat, merely the effect of patching up a bad system, which could not last long. He was "aware that the language of Genticmerl opposite wash . that the property of the Church was not to be meddled with ; but, in his opinion, that property should be re duced to at least one-fourth of what it at present war. The Clergy, like all other public persons, should be compelled to reside and do their duty, Ile called them public men, and he would never con sider tha n [ in any other light than that of public servants. When he looked at the statute book, he found numberless statutes to cont peel the residence of the ('lergy. He found that some trouble had been taken, and there were more laws paned to make them perform their duty, than there were enacted to restrain and govern any other individuals whatever. As to the Irish Church. its state was at pre sent not a bit better than it was one hundred years since. This, in common with every friend to Ireland, he lamented, and be sincerely hoped Mr a general improvement. Mr. 1).k11 SUN said he would not detain tl e House, hut he thought it necessary to protest against the principle laid down by the Honourable Member who had just sat down. He could not conzeive how the Legislature could have a better right to meddle with the Church Property in Ireland than in England. If the prin ciple advocated by the .len d er was adopted by the House ' it would not be confined to Ireland ; it would soon he extended to this country. There was also another mode of arginuent, against which he would protest, that which insinuated that the l'mtestant t:lerp of Ireland did not do their duty. If the Honourable 3lenther ex amined the subject with impaniality, lie would find that this re spectable bcdy had perfonned all its duties in the most exemplary manner. They had been *wailed upon every side, and from every quarter, but they pursued a straightforward course, and he would deey the if .:durable 31einber, after an impartial examination, to deny that they demeaned thentrelves as admirable men anal good citizens. Ile was ready to admit., that, in some instances, there was a neglect of duly on account of the number of the l•nions; but this he could assure the House was unavoidable; and where starve parishes were composed of fifteen or sixteen Unities, i t ~, found to arise front actual necessity, as otherwise it would be imposolde to tind persons to do the duty, and if these parishes were reduced to their original situations, Honourable 31enibers would find that the dutv would not be pertimined. The proposition of the Hight Honourable Baronet, was, if he understood hint correctly, for time dissolution of all the Unions in Ireland. I Here Sir J. Newport said, he meant no such thing.] The lionourible Member said he corsidered this to be the position of the Bight Honourable Baronet, and he denied that this could be effected either with propriety or justice. He was well aware of the difficulties of the question, and he would best consult the convenience of the House by mot deliver ing this sentiment, until the discussion of the measure. Ile would again elm r his protest against the divisor of Churzh property, and tagaivst the assertion, that the Protestant Clergy of Ireland were rot in the habit tat . doing .101.41. C.alonel TR ENCII eta well aware that the object of his friend, ' the Staretnry of State for Irelaitil, in compelling the residence of the clergymen to their respective parishes, was to confer a benefit upon the 'work. Ile agreed perfectly in the principle, that where there was riot a resident ele:gyinan to perform the duties, the task should be transfencd to the hands of an Individual, who should receive an adequate compensation. Ile was sorry to say that there were some instances in which their parishes bad been abandoned by the clergy; and he was also, though reluctantly, obliged to admit, that the gentlemen of small property, who were, in his opinion, the' . most valuable portion of the conin:unity, wcte driven front the country, partly by acts of s:ilenee and outrage, and partly from ' other causes. Ile thought toe principles of the Member for 3lon rms.!. if acted upon, would go to the length of effecting a revolution in :he whole state of the church both of Ireland and Great Britain. He would le sorry to Nee these churches, which had flourished for so innny ages, torn front their finindationa lay die rode hand of the I lenourable 3lttot'aer : if investigations welt. to be mole into the state of the churches, they should be pursued in a tiillisrent manner, and its situation should be touchel upon with a more delicate hand than that of the Honourable olleoilemmi. Mr. iti,rrt: It ‘S'ORT II was inns; anxious that some measure of the kit,' ,:ananlft he carried into effect. number of unions wan, in his opinion, most injurious to the welter, of the Protestant Chair.-ii in Ireland. lle k ..cw that many l'hatestants had become Human Catholics, in conscomence of not having the benefit of the , religious advice and assistance of I'mtestniat Clergymen. Ile was ' colic:octal that the number and extent of the unions were a cause of the dereEction of their duty by the iiergyinen. From a tour which he had made hest Summer in [reload. he was at once Bur -1 prised and pleased to witness tl:c greatest inoprovement in the con. duet and tieitiearotir of the cl frgy ; they turd: an active part in the education nf the people. and in the superintendence of schools ; they als3 made amide distributions from their private incomes to relieve arid alleviate the wants of the people. 'flow facts he had ascertained with equal surprise and gratitication. anti lie was bound to bear testimony to the improvement of the clergy. would repeat his anxiety for the diminnition olthe number of the unions, and it this multi be done without interfering with the state of the Church, he was confident it would confer the greatest benefit upon the public. Mr. GUI LISP R N could not comprehend, if an objection vas made and acted aeon to the syatem of pluralities an Ireland, why the same objection should not be made to pluralities in Englar.d, The same reasons that could be advanced against the system there, would be equally forcible here; but in his opinion, the question of Moralities was not before the House, and the proper course for the Right lion. lianmet opposite would be, when the discussion came on, to propose a clause against them. As to the state of the Irish Church, he had it in his power to state, that the present Primate, since his elevation to that rank, which Inf , filled with such credit to himself, was most sensible of the inconvenience arising from the nuniber of the unions • and with `regard to the granting of faculties, he ha 4 adopted a rue which went in a great measure tw . meet the objection of the Hight iloo. Baronet. The regulation rnepted by that distif,tntislied Prelate was, that when an union was ::.dissolu he, he never it to be luld by a cl:rgy man adopting the advice of my Council of Minutes, I h vs resolved to obtain them by other means. In consequence, I have resolved as follows," Among the lowing : artieks of this Deaee we remark the fol. An annual sum of eighty millions of reals shall be assigned to the Caine d'Amortissement (Sinking Fund). It shall answer fur the payment of the many obligations, which, under present cir cumstances, the Treasury may contract, to meet the current wants of the Government. " The establishment called Public Credit is suppressed." The second article, creating a Committee of Liquidation, is conceived in the following terns:— " The functions of this Committee consist in verifying and li quidating all the debts of the State, proceeding either from capi tals or the interests of thoa capitals, or from arrears of pay or pensions, provided that they are founded on titles anterior to the 7th of March, 1820. Art. b obliges all the creditors of the State, recognized by Article 2, to present the papers authenticating their claims in the time of tanety days. These claims shall be inscribed in the Great Book. The Royal Yaks are not included in the above arrangement. They will not be admitted till the question of their renewal has been resolved. In Art. 14, the King reserves to himself the right of determin ing the uniform mode of the titles which are to represent the public debt, when the results of the liquidation shall have shcwu its extent. The Minister of Wu has recalled the Royal Carabineas dis tinguished by the Corte. This corps will form, as before, the first of the Royal Guard. Every man who has served in the revolution is fee ever excluded from it. FEENCEI FUNDS.—PARIS, FEB. 15.—The per Cents. opened at 7111 e. ; closed at 9ilf. 75e. Loan of PM, 101. Bank Stock, 1,720. Neapolitan Five per Cent 83 , j. Bente, d'Eapagne, 27. Exchange on London—one month, 25f. 45e.; three months, 25f. 35e. Enfeebled Spain, as a last despairing effort, before her authority over her emancipated colonies expires for ever, has put forth, on the suggestion of the Paris Cabinet, her last manifesto, resigning a tr.onopoly no more within her grasp, and affecting to throw open the vast trade and re sources of Mexico, Colombia, Buenos Ayres, and Peru, to all Europe, without restriction. Can the wretched Mi nistry, who now have a passing hold of the reins of au thority within the Pyrenees, imagine that this document can recall South America beneath the despotism of Spain— that these great and rising States will alter a single feature of their independence or policy, on the promulgation of a powerless mandate of this description ? Colombia, in Con gress, has lately put forth her commercial tariff'. Does France or Spain suppose that a solitary duty will be changed on the confederacy against Southern Ame rica of. these Cabinets? Where is the power of Spain to maintain her supremacy ?—where her armaments and her navy? Can a single ship of the line and two or three frigates, such as the aid of France has enabled her to de spatch from Cadiz the other day, recall the parted con quests of Cortez or Pizarro? This " Royal Decree," then, is a mere lirufun, fdebncs : the thunder, if it should reach across the Atlantic, will sink harmless around the American States. Their best protection is their own strength, and the power of Great Britain and the United States. They will resist with their united fleets any confedd-rated attempt against South America; and Spain of herself can do nothing. Where was the necessity of this weak decree, to throw open the trade of her emancipated colonies to Europe, who possessed it already ? The com merce of Great Britain with these rising countries now amounts to several millions ; her superiority only springs from her greater resources and industry. France is equally free to trade ; so are " Russia, Prussia, and Austria." South America will admit the flag of every nation that re spects her policy and independence ; she wars with none whose vessels enter hsr ports under friendly colours : but as to the vast continent of South America again returning undo r the despotism of wretched Spain, or submitting to the mis:rable Councils of Castile and the Indies, it is just as likely as that the powerful union of the United States will rescind their league of strength, and, after the indepen dence of half a century, again submit to be assessed and governed by the Legislature of Great Britain. This Ma drid Decree, therefore, is perfectly Quixotic, and can be attended with no effec: wlisitt. vet. The BKITIsn PRE RS commented publishing yesterday morning at flu o'clock. LONDON, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 17, Mt. Saturday's French Papers reached our office last night. The Moniteur contains a long decree of Ferdinand's, creating a Caisse d'imortissement, by way of redeeming the shattered state of public credit in Spain. The decree itself will be found to follow, after a long preamble, and several articles. It enacts that an annual sum of eighty millions of reels shall be assigned to the Sinking Fund to be created. This assignment, the decree states, shall answer for the payment of the new obligations which, under pre sent circumstances, the Treasury may contract, to meet the current wants of the Government ;—in other words, a credit is sought to be crested by this miserable measure of finance, and the acknowledgement of the Constitutional loans evaded, as if any capitalists would lend their money on aueh a security. How long will this same Sinking Fund continue untouched? or from what sources, in the present impoverished state of Spain, is it to be dcrived ? The second article of this decree creates a committee: of liquidation of all debts founded on titles anterior to the 7th of March, IS2O. Whether these debts proceed front capital, or the interest of these capitals, or from wears of pay or pensions, all are to be settled by this same com mittee: sett uti est !rennin? —for that is a very necessary ingredient. These claims, adopting the system of France, are all to be inscribed in the Great Book ; and in this precious volume of redemption they will long remain, without any other discharge. The Spanish Ministry must find resources before these debts can be got rid of; ro measures of pretendetl finance will wipe them off. Spain is impoverished and bankrupt, and far from supplying an 1 overplus as a Sinking Fund. Of eight hundred millions of reals, constituting her expenses, she cannot levy from her revenues one 7 l4f. Decrees of this impotent descrip tion, therefore, cann ot the dullest and most unwary ; they are waste paper, and nothing else. We give the Idecree itstlf : it will, like Ferdinand's former annum:is ! tions, have little effect. IFrom the Minima . . of Saturday.l 31snitin, FEL 7. The following is the preamble of the Royal Decree of the dth inst. creating a C'aiue d'Autorti,s , mrut. " On the 13th Oct. MIS, and Aug. 5. 1818„ I ordered the ar rangements which I judged to be suitable to establish on a solid basis the credit of the State, and give security to the creditors. I pmposed to accomplish these important ends, by assigning to the establishment for public credit, considerable funds to be adminis tered by the establishment itself, of which I destined them, that they might not in any ease be applied to other purposes ; this precaution which had al.emly been successfully employed by my august father, had the inconvenience of rendering the ad ministration of those fonds very intricate and expensive, ~o that the net produce was insufficient to support credit, with the promp titude enrespanding to my wishes and the wants of my people. " The evil was, however, known, and I was considering of ap plying its remedy, when my measures were suddenly impeded by the unhappy events which deprived me of the exercise of my sovereignty, amp involved in the general confusion the fate of all the public establishments. " Reinstated in the enjoyment of the rights of my crown, my attention has been fixed on the deplorable situation of a multitude of capitalists, reduced to indigence by the total depreciation of the funds, in will& their fortunes consisted. Convinced of the neces sity of correcting a state of things which opposes continual and in. vincible obstacles to the creation and increase of the credit of the State; convinced that If to meet the current wants of the Govern ; meet it is proper to contract a loan, it is indispensable that there should be an establishment which shall periodically pay the inte rest, and repay the principle also at stated periods; taught by eon- Beast experience to renounce the hope of seeing the institution C alled " of public credit," suiliee to obtain those advantages, and The Usury Laws li.:•l>ral Bill was last night again brought forward, on the motion of S.rgeant Onslow. Mr. Calcraft and Mr. Baring opposvd it. Sir William De Crespigny and Mr. J. Martin, with the mover, spoke _ _ _ favour of the rental of these laws. The House then dividid, and the 1111 was read a s:•cond l=ine on a majority if necessity required, might at once support each other. The naval superiority of Great Britain, the Right Honourable Secretary stated, constituted its real greatness, and every sacrifice ought to be made to preserve it. He concluded a most eloquent address, amid the cheers of the House, by saying, that the moderation of the vote was such as to call forth increased confidence its the continuance of peace, and if that confidence was not as strong as it was, the present vote would be insufficient. (This declaration was met by loud cheers from the Minis. ter:al benches.) Mr. Hume saw the Foreign Secretary's address, from the feelings of the House, to be all-effective, and he did not press the question, in consequence, to a divi sion ; he would, probably, have stood alone. The inch Secretary, Mr. Goulhurn, brought in • Bill to enforce the residence of the Protestant clergy in Ireland, in their respective parishes. This, while the present overgrown Church system ccntinues in that country, is only a salu tary measure. Numbers of the clergy of Ireland, pos.., seating large livings, never reside in their parishes at all ; the amount is collected by the churchwardens in the cities and towns, and by their proctors in the country ; and the entire duties are performed by the Curates, for a wretched stipend paid out of the Rector's sinecure. In many of the parishes in Ireland there is not a Pro testant at all, or any duties whatever to be performed by the Clergyman ; and the only benefit, therefore, this body can confer, is by residence, spending their large incomes among the people and peasantry, from whom they derive them, as the great majority are Magistrates, fulf l. ing the important duty with mildness and imputi. ality. Sir John Newport suggested to the Secretary for Ireland, that a preferable measure would be to do away with pluralities of livings. He instanced cases where Clergymen posse 'sal eight, ten, and even thirteen 1 slogs.— The Right Hon. Gentleman also mentioned cases when Beneficed Clergymen in that country possessed many parishes, the duties of which they could not possibly at tend to. Thus, he said, Lord Lifford, Dean of Armagh, resided on a glebe of 383 acres ; in another diocese the Rev. Lord had 299 acres of glebe, but on which there was no glebe house, and where he never lived; in as.. other diocese, that of Clogher, the same Reverend Lord had no less than five parishes, with two hundred and forty acres of glebe. This, Sir John Newport said, was only one case out of many similar ones: the I principle of the bill brought in by the Irish iSteretary, he therefore contended, ought to be to prevent plurality of livings, rather than to enforce residence. For ourselves, we are glad to see even this first measure introduced, as the commencement of, we trust, a general reform in the Church Establishment of Ireland. The system is overgrown with abuses. The Prelates and Clergy are monstrously paid: they have not, as in this country, serious and constant duties to perform, because the great majority of the perpie of Ireland, from whom they derive their revenues, are Catholics. If this Bill, however, passes, it will strike the first ; blow at plurality of livings. The benefited Clergyman cannot reside in two distant parishes together ; and he will ultimately be obliged to resign either one or the other. The Government of Ireland is proceeding by gradual but !, decisive measures, effectually to reform the.abuses so long existing in that fine but ill-governed country. The change of system will not be less efficient because it is not sudden or violent, but made by slow degrees on inquiry and con viction, and then decisively carried into effect. WINDSOR, Fr: D.. 13. The Duke of York returned to town at a late boor tai Sunday night, after dining with his Majesty. Yesterday morning the Princess Augusta came from her Royal Highnesa's residence, at Frogatiore, to the foul Castle, on a visit to his Majesty, where her Royal High newt remained some time. 8 L The Duke of Dorset (the Master of the Hone). and bill afar borough (the Master of the Stag Hounds), arrivl, and had andieticcs of the King. _ . .• This morning, his :Majesty and his attendants in waiting attmled Divine Strvicc in the King's Private Chapel in the Royal Castle. The service was performed by the llev. Mr. Sumner. The Princess Augusta attended Divine Sera morning at the Palish Church of Windsor. The Duke of York arrived to-day from London with his Alajesty. The town was thronged to-day with company, quence of the arrival of his Majesty. The wean remarkably tine, they rusorted ti the Terrace, W were gratirwil with hearing the Baud of the Re' Guards play some charming therefore,. pro- 1 W bably.be . now repealed. i l l u te at f eti ta la nC v e s ll of 120 to 23. These alinec learn, through our private I‘ or 'ill, of the Exchequer of the King of Frt;nee hasfaileti sources, that much durie pos.poncd bringing up his resolutions respecting the duty few days • but every n yrangement is made to on foreign spirits • until Menday next ;in order (the Right peaceful succession , that he will surrender tltles•eCCmint d'Artois has r l a l l o i n. Gentleman said) that the reduction of taxation gene- 1 leme.— Thillia EtTai,nt. vriov c a ci , wn to the Puke y might be considered with perfect fairness. M r. ' We learn front l'Mis that R . Princ e ss of maberly expressed his wish that the Chancellor of the ; cording to the bulletin of her le l .. 1 p tysician, M. It I not expected 0 livell cr tayal Highness had i Exchequer would proem 1 , . as usual, as notice had been , t h e Convent of the : r given for the reduction of the taxes on windows and 1 The instruments w el l:e l : le. 1 by Captain Parry leather. The consideration of any important subject o f new expedition are ordered u r so that we ma to 1c shipped by finance requires sonic time ant! -. consideration, and Ministers Ila Y • y presume it wi ll sail middle of that month. ought not to he im ati•• tl - . p„ n y p.essed upon it. Mr. Bering put a question as to the filling the Oflhyo of King's Rem g The Greek loan has been co • Longboat', San, and 0•1;rito, bu n t: v. l lc l ttli for lr i • e n t i . s u ! brancer in the Court of Exchequer, contrary, as the Il e : I- ' a re not yet known in the tUa tt - 1 to the provisions of th e statute 11. Itt-aiestotrsaL Gentleman suppos;•d, very respectable men, but it is gem derstood tha t . passed i respecting that office, and the recommendationsf '- house of la ta e i a t t note . in the City I , o . mediate interest in t , Committee. The Chancellor of tl:e Excheq uer filled, bonds w ill be " slam , a t : a fair n price. explained consequentl: explained that the office was cnly provisionall y to. they t a t r e e rs no w t er f e received yesterday from Lo r d R. prevent the delay of public business. 'co do Mr. Rol ir recent t date. His Lordship write anticipation o o f son but justice, he appears anxious to afford, on every ) '- e t :• e ic t c : s o v l f oe t k he ( I , reek a . Yesterda •, at jest, the fullest satisfaction. Mr. flume gave notie•o s f u h b • - ''' t r o di consult onpensions andia t l i tiders of div West India interest, salaries,t •ntien to move the repeal of the dutyby \ !r . unite sugar, most on la i st we.k in the' lloitse ef Cmnn . ); unfairly levied upon only ahcut 313),(1001. - of ' all "" Ellis and the lre b, s t si?,,spaal;.,Eve"ng• Toper) Mt pensiens and salaries from the public purse:. ' \ tilt' ' Ir. i ing with Lord ',teat-1)(1.11 ' ml Nilnrli7:l,2: , , n v, been flume will not have much scope for his financial ecen oo t Fs i t s in Seesion. In the Committee of Supply on the N avy ' i.l). Luncitlrl,ri`,sly favourable to the West 111:!13 body, ° t 1)001 is 111 . 11111 C OVV i ' 1 „7 I l l i ; ti l a r ! . 1 1. 1 "'"1 lilliStell. I'' Mr stiggestin rine thousand, the number of senown proposed was twenty - practicside mode of relievu; •• the being an addition of four thousand 1 . 0 , hi t . ,„ 01011 IN ; and . rain to the • India Piaprieurs are aleo ..oTed to lein for t the supply of the last year. Of tl • • use, it was .a . • ti:dra oat of the hands - of XII . . C. Ellis an, stated, six hundm-.1 and thirty •." .-, On were to be added • Intt ' slid • et•, eflectm , that which • I . 1 • o - 11 to the service of the coast - 'b. ackade and preventive: lel "P ted. I BANK !NIT •at ST.—.l notice has . been posted service. The • reason asstgned by Ministers fo r and . ..au . of semi:ours Branch ln•c., stating that the increase, was th • state of • theo . e. Colonies, nttnned warfare between Spain and her emancipated n Zi.ot,ol. now lodged witYr which rendered the protection of our commer !oit y deposi i r t re r er 'eding the Bank mal r an e v lue by in hilie,.; e ir , i now current ; b . u l'i t .' ;: o t ii t use a •;:s necessary. The vote was opposed by I interest will be two per an y su rplus afterdusabothve 34101, I we u r me, t who thought the reasons assigned for the inere • after the 19''' ult. on &pr . ::: % l i r upon the u.atisfaetory, and threatened to divide the 11 S e l o: " lodged ouse counts to be opened, not execedina• I,n, • " )01, the question, though he remained alone and single in allow interest at the rate of there per evnt., t surplus above 1 , 0001. at the rate of • two per et. the fight. Mr. C • aiming defended the increased vote, on the ars ., c•,„,i,,,.. ground that, though the country had before it the prospect By the decision of a law case in the Court of a long peace, yet there was a likelihood of considerable Bench, a poor widow at Sunderland has eotne i sio i n t of, it is said, l not l . L•ss than lo,0001.! agitation ; and it was therefore incumbent on Great Britain table at faitb t r nuni, to retain the high and commanding station it behoved her always to maintain. The three great points on which a men to be raise(' for the present year will be' i powerful naval superiority ought to be maintained, chiding 9.0n0 Royal marines. 1 The London l SAsions began yesterday , ~ , before ( v a e rra t t !o t nnio l o ion n Sei 'Thompson, ;1 1.1 , 1 : emi r c en F t .o . l : ce n t. Mr. Canning said, were America, the West hulks, and the Mediterranccan st:Cons ; and, in order to, Birch , Garrett, preserve the decisive naval rnpaiotity of this] veral eases which occu i pied , the Court during the trou»try, it was necessary to :tare Heats which of no . . - 111)!ic interest. su;,erlority over the of There were three district this country to direct its the West Indies, and t. 4 terforonce which this cot wiuter of these impertoru Nt.s. Li(). lt •e i. ehcezrt to the f Royal t ilertl High.. 1 1 er l Royal ' .v . , .. al to Hone). and Lind 1 . It ; Hounds), anav,d, re en ttendants in waiting sot 5 l'rivate Chapel in di funned by the Rev. to Of livine Service this ha door. Pr - um London to dine a 1 the company, in elle- we :s lie weath(r hog ' sin errace, where th:r 1102 d' the Royal 1141 . e wh at: • eit mu, that the Nall Joi ch Purinathe :24 QU trade to mt••re s aril Artois has declared par the Duke d'Auguu• S VL icess of Comie.3t- an, M. Bally. was Oh MI Iness had wired to we t Ma stain Parrs en the mai piked by the Ist of rent kin sail about e.:e trat Wei tett for by 3lessrs mar l . t e rms upon Olieh Mill lisrket. far (on the titisg e n e r all v 1:1,, reem the C:tv ha; ai 151- heti for 1 Isegtly that tie mai tutu n Lord Byron. bat mirk ;hip writs in high hove :s. Etr• Liverpool met the bee; ronsult on the elllo dies ! sugar,rs proro• • T of (ommon. Fs ceirt l'oper) Mr. (hails th re' have been ne;..3:. time 11 1 7. to obtain seen . n 11 !ia hotly, hut !to,: with istets• Lott! Liver io th suggesting the oil the 1 tics ; and the Well titled 1,, T 1 for taklog Ole S COnsi hit Ellis and the Or, it 11 14 had in vain I:- whu, :g en th P a Ge t t t l e i t e l luispnatt!.l theatrni ,f three p er amt. 0 aged wit ) the Bon the 1 them 141,1 m ails acco ' y e 3.1)1511, the me • !lasso e `37th instant 1 Inch epesi t I ec,. ip; sOr I! QUee ) ("11, tl:c Bald: 10•• Matz or cvlit., and on a"` Frith w o per cent.-110f- "Una or t o .he Court of liini• to tba I:as come into f-. oo l ta .h mili:tabtyt:tril::ltbenl,:bitifieviatre:diber9.:o7l:6l:, 1 . ." uhance4ent.iat i t i s citl l ou t 13 ; C. PoWer. Tie Hann during the day iiwital i testain sow. , , . who Possessed sehaserbenefice. This was, In his °wink& sane rernitly for the evil complained of. As no the assertion of the Honourable Member for Alostrose, that the Church of Ireland was in the same situation it was one hundred yeses ago, he could nut agree with him. Ile would maintain that there weal not a greater improvement in any system whatever. He admitted the great benefit that would follow from the diminution of the number of the unions. Ile was most anxious that the parishes of , Ireland should be governed in the same manner as those of Eng land ; but from the difficulties which presented themselves on every ground upon which the question could he considered, he could not took forward to the period at which such a measure could be carried into effect. It could not, consistently with justice, be done at once; and he would defy any man, whatever may be his talent, to bring the matter to an arrangement by a single enact. ment. There was at present a measure before another House which bore upon the case, and which he expected in • few days to intro duce before them. When a Bishop deemed it possible and advan. pigeons to dissolve an union, he could proceed only by Bill, and in effecting the separation, he divested himself of patronage. and also incurred the experae cf a proceeding in the nature of a private Bill. A certain Bishop was at present adopting this course, and was endeavouring to increase the numbir of clergymen in his Din. eras, though by this step he deprived himself both of patronage and ineorne. He did not mention this as ti meritorious act on tha part of the Bishop; it was what they were all most ready and anxious to tin, and what they had done a hundred times. They were also in the habit of doing everything in their power to prevail upon the possessor of an union. who had a benefice elsewhere, to contribute to the support of a stipendiary clergyman to perform the duty, and' when it was impossible to prevail upon the present incumbent of the union to assent to this measure, the Bishops tl anselves, at their own expense, supported a person for that purpose during the' life of that incumbent. and by so doing they erected • chspelry in the union, and established a privilege which, after the death of the incumbent, remained forever. He most readily admitted that the dissolution of the unions would be most desirable, but it could not be done with precipitation ; and when the question came to be dis cussed, he was sure that all would agree in the importance of the general residence of the clergy, and as next in importance they would consider the propriety of conferring upon . those who did the duty a fair remuneration and proportional ecclesiastic benefit. Mr. JONES obtained leave 40 bring in a bill to amend and ex tend the powers of Welsh Judges. Read a first and second time I to be read a third time on the 6th March. _____ IRISH UNIONS. Sir J. NEWPORT gave notice that he would move on Thun. day for the repeal of the 81ot Geo. H. which forbade the division of ' church livings, and cocledastic benefices. CRUELTY TO ANIMALS. Mr. MARTII4IMT4ht in a bill for the punishment of those persons who inflicted unnecessary and wanton cruelty upon ani mals. Read a first and second time. To be read a third time oa the 2d of March. . ______ . _. . . -. AUSTRIAN LOAN. Mr. HERRIES brought up a copy of the Treasury Minutes re spectirg the Austrian Loan. The Muse then adjourned. PRICES OF BRITISH Ronk Stork 237 fli 3 per Cent Reduced. 921 3 per Cent. Cons. 914 30 per Cent. 4 per Cent. 1024 0 Ncw 4 per Cents. 11160 7 4 bong Annuities. 224 7-IG Imperial 3 per Centa. Bank for Account 237 Cons. for Act. VII 13 ITOCKh YESTERDAY. India Stock, 277 India Bonds, 70 72 pr. India for Account, Sooth Sea Stock. South Sea Old Annuities 12 South Sea New Annuities Ea. Bills, 1,0001. 26 9 630 20 34 30 Dit,o, Small, 26 31 30 pr. Lottery Tickets, 191. 10s. PRICES OF FOREIGN Austrian Scrip, 9 91 4_ Ditto for Aert. 81 9al 91 d Chinon Bonds. 1131 4i 44 Ditto for Account fill 14 .1i Colomb. Bonds, 724 34 4k 34 Do. for Account. 72394 34 441 Danish Bonds, 99 Ditto Marks Banco, Ilex.Scrip, 7 84 8984 981 /994 Do. for Account 84 19 9.4 Neapolitan Bonds , 934 • • Ihtto for Account 35 I Prussian Bonds, Ditto for the Account 911 14 Ditto Bonds 1122), 93 24 34 Ditto far Account Portuguese fords Ditto Scrip 34 4 4 iTOCKS YESTERDAY. Rmaian Bonds. 03.4 44 44 44 Ditto for Acct. 934 44 44 Anglo Mex. /Mom 84 9 sto United do. 2A 3 24 pm. Spaniith 5 per Et. Cons. 25N 54 M Dit H to for Acct. 254 84 58/141 Ditto 170 & 255 Bonds. Ditto 5 per Cent.. (111 V) 104 in 184 18?, 1114 18 20 191 Ditto for the Account Patch Bonds Exchange Fr. Rentea, 981. 50c. 99f. 50e. 100 f. 99f. 7", c Do. Ex. 25f. 50c. Do. Scrip, 111 11 3 pm. Ditto for the Account NEXT THURSDAY lIORNING, TWO OUT OF TIIE SEVEN TWENTY THOUSAND POUND PRIZES WILL BE DECIDED IN THE FIRST FIVE MINUTES. Zite rittott prros. 4~ oo