The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1818-11-26 00:00:00

~~ i N. .~ e .. H vsis I'OREIGN INTELLIGENCE. _................. Pill PAPERS. AIX-LA-I:IIAPLELR, NOVEMBER 21. (EXTRACT FROM • PRIVATE LETTER.) WOVIIIIIKR 22. The fortress of Valenciennes was delivered up on the Inth of this month to the National Guard of the town. The Std English regiment, which Tormed the gareison of it, began its march for Calais immediately after giving up the fortress. The 'regiment of the Guard which left Paris some days since is daily expected at Valenciennes. The Duke of Angouleme left Strasburg on the morning of the 17th. His memory is engraves on the hearts of the inhabitants. His Ma sty has panted letters of pardon to M. Bobcat, the bookselkr, who was condemned in kBl6 to deportation ' for having distribsted sedi tious writings. He, however. still remains subject foe twenty yew" to the surveillance of the High Police. end must provide security to the amount of 3.000 francs. MADRID, 140 1 11111•111 10. The Mexico Gazettes to the end of June acquaint es with the state of the Northern Provinces of that kingdom. Every where the pacification is becom ing more complete, and there now remain but a few Insurgent band* in the province of New Galli cis. At the end of MI, the proviui e of San Luis de Pritoxi was no longer disturbed 14 them. La Sawn and Similar) enjoyed the most perfect tranquillity, although there were still ois the email's+ of these provinces on the side of New Gallicia some remains of the bands. which could cause no disturbance. The province of Zacatecas was completely pacified: and the communicatious are re-eetablislied between all the provinces of the East and %Vest. Commerce had already resumed its activity. and the wines are again beginniug to be worked. This intelligence is published by the Government ; but later isitel ',grace apprises or of the state of the Southeru Provinces, which likewise.enjoy perfect tranquillity. Hitherto M. Imes has introduced uo change tit the unsocial system of M. Garay. On entering his ministry be at first devised a loan of 70 millions of weals; but he quickly renounced his project, from anu apprehension of being unable to readise it. Ru mours have been for some days afloat that this de. sign would be renewed, but nothing is yet certain about it; in the mean time the ordinary resources are insufficient to defray the expenses required by the 'grand expedition to South Americo. The sums Ile. Cessery for its entire equipment can never be collect ed but by mama of a fioaticial battle gained by M. Iniat. It is thought he will be unable to obtein the money by means of e toast, and that sooner or • laser he must have recourse to the work commenced by M.Garay, one of whose projects was to make or the resources offered by time enormous , Mass of property possessed by the Spanish clergy. CALLAO DK LIMA, JUNE 4. ' They are labouring in this harbour with incredi ble activity preparing the vessels intended to ling suent oar naval forces. 'llse superior Government lias i.s9rd the most pressing orders to this egret. • The frigate Cleopatra is ready to be launched ;it will be speedily hollowed by another frigate. the Resolatiaa, and a corvette, La Presitlenta. —The following the state of the Royal maritime forces, which will be ready immediately : his Majesty see hail any an considerable in these seas Frigates—The Eassieralda, the Veatraosa, earls 4)(4opm; the. Cleopatra, of 32, and the Resolit tom, 0(31. Corvettes—Me Value, the Sebastian, and the Presidents, of 32 eons. Brieastises—Tbe Prowls, of 18 cans; the Petrillo, of Is; the picket Amuses, esttyieg our 24-pound saint, and Several mall vessel., well armed fur Warthog. It is said that these forces will form owe division to act together for preserving our maritime supe riority. They will be well table to combat viscciss fully with the heavy Itteltiutaa, amid ill the oilier ships that can be armed by the I n sur g ent-, who, imirrd, have no means of doing sit, fur, according to the waft satisfactory intelligence, they , have neither slnpe, nor arsenal. , our provit.iotir. It app. urs that • two or three ships of the Royal division will he to pi t e the Corsairs, and on other wit- Stuns of the Government. OF THE ALLIED POSTERS. 1 have it now iu my power to-day to send you four documents, which may he considered •iis the most iinportant results of the deliberations of Con gress. • • Though the Deetardiest. shout whitit I hail pre viously spoken so much, wiia - hot signed till the 13th instant. you cannot fail to perceive how amen -- rawly I bad. in different lettero s . !minted nut the rsethat would be wetted with regald ht the, alliance which it announces.; This is not the Uccle. ration which it was grigimilly intended to publish. It has undergone great modifications. 14111 will sae, in this Declarstion. the indication of future theeting. of (.7inigress. '?" 7 - 7 4: The first of the documents which I send you is a . P owers. Note of the Ministers of the Atli P nddresaed to the Doke of Richelieu on the 4th in stant, inviting the King of France to join their al liance, for the " more general sod comptehensive ; objects," to which, in speaking of the Quadruple Alliaccr, I alluded. The second is the answer of h e D u k e o n the I-vh, accepting, Hi the online of his fluter, the siesitatiun tendered. The third is the Protocol signed in the Sitting of the 15th instant. in which the general principles of the subsequent Declaration were agreed to. The last is the Deele ration itself of the htiviness which Congress has exe cutedt and of the object for whirls Ihr future al hake of the Powers is to be maintained. Theet documents speak fur Ilietuselves, and tcquire sto Winker comment from me. An the Inisiiwss of Congress is now terminated, this town is entiet)ing very fast. The King of Prussia &pasted yesterday morn ing fur Berlin, with the grevtest quietness. His Majesty, who dislikes very much any kind of eve 'stony or parade. probably was averse to the °brie, v once* of a formal pierting. Ile. therefore, went away two days before the Emperor of Russia's ars m u t, issuing himself Os I have hee' told) his own bulletin. and declaring himself indisposed. His Majesty passed quietly through Cologne, which " u illuminated two nigh!, jeln: 18th and • 11 196) in honour of his guest, the Emperor of Aps tria. The Duke of Wellington arrived here knit night from Brussels. to sign papers and perform other routine duties connected with his mission. His Croce will depart on Monday or Tuesday. Prince Metternich leaves this town for Brussels to morrow. The Emperor Alexander ornery here to morrow, and proceeds to Cologne on Mondry. His route to Vienna and to his own frontier, I sent you on Thursday last. A regiment of Russian ca. edify passed this town to-day, on their way to their own country : the regiment is that of Col. Nostitz. It is entirely dressed after the French manner, and seems a fine body of men. OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS. COPT OP THE NOTE ♦DDRISSED TO THE DUKB OP SIMITLITU ST TIM COURTS OW AUSTRIA, GREAT BRITAIN. IPEUESIA, MID RUSSIA, OK THE 4TH Of NOV. 1818. " The undersigned Ministers of the Cabinets of Austria, Great Britain. Freesia. and Rossi*, have received orders from their august Masten to address to his Excellency the Duke of Richelieo the fol. lowing commonication Called upon, by Article S of the Treaty of the 25th of November, 1813, to examine, in concert with his Majesty the King of France, whether the military occupation of a part of the French terri. tory, stiptelated by the slid Treaty, might cease at the mild pf the third year, or ought to be prolonged to the . end 9f the fifth, their Majesties the Emperor mf Austria. the King of Prussia, and the Emperor of All the Hussies, have repaired to Aix-la-Chapelle. and have charged their klinisters to assemble there, in conference with the Pleitipotentieriea of their Majesties the King of Frolice and the King of Great Britain, iu order to proceed to the reanimation of this important question. " In this examination the attention of the Mi nisters and Plenipotentiaries had for its particular object the internal situation of France ; and had to be also directed •to the executimi of the cutss meutiscontracted by the French Government. w ith the co-subscribing Powers to the Treaty of the , 20tb of November. 1815. "The internal mate of France having long been : , the subject of serious deliberations its the Cabinets, and the Plenipotentiaries assembled at Aix-la- Chapelle having mutually communicated the opi nions which they had formed in that respect, the august Sovereigns. lifter having weighed these opt nisei, in their wisdom, have recognised with satis faction. that the orderof things happily established iu France, by the reeturation of the legitimate and constitutional monarchy, and the recces, which him hitherto crowned the ',inertial care of his Most Christian Majesty. fully justify the hope of a pro gressive consolidation of that order of things so es seotial to the repose mid prosperity of France, and intimately connected with the great interests of the punctuality, all _ , clauses , . die Treaties COO. tenuous of the 20th of November; and propose, with respect to those clauses, the fultilmem anklets was raserved far more remote periods, arrangentesits which are outiefactury to all the Contracting Parties. "Such being the vomits of the exemination of three grave questions, their Imperial nod Royal Majesties congratulated themselves et having only to listen to those iesitimeists and those personal wishes which induced them to put en end to a lISCOSISEC which disastrous circumstances. and the necessity of pro viding for their own security, and that of Europe, could alone hove dictated. " From that moment the august Sovereigns re- Illolved to cause the military occupation of the French territory to be discontinued ; rod the Con- Aention of the 9th of October suctioned this reso lution. They regard this soletuu act as the cow- ' 4letenteut of the general peace. " Considering now, as the first of their duties, to . peeserooba their people the bonellis which that peace 'SAWN - to them, and .to maintain iu all their inte grity the transactions which hove established and consolidated it, their Imperial and Royal 'Majesties flitter thenrwlves that his Most Claris ' tom Majesty, animated by the mane sentiment*, ''Svill receive with the interest which he situated to' !leery thing tending to the welfare of mankind, nod- Is the glory and prosperity of his country, the pro' position which their Imperial and Royal Majesties Address to him, to unite henceforth his councils and his efforts to those which they will not cease to devote to so salutary a work. " The undersigned, charged to request the Duke of Richelieu to convey the wish of their august Stivrteigns to the knowledge of the King his master, at the same lime invite his Excellency to take pert in their present and future deliberations, commended to the maintenance of the peeve, the Treaties on which it is fouuded, the rights and undue' relations established or coutirmed by these Treaties, and roe cognized by all the European Poser,. " In transmitting to the Duke of Richelieu this solemn proof of the confidence which their august I Suverigns have placed in the wisdom of the King of France, and in the fidelity of the French nation, the undersigned are ordered to udil the expression of unalterable attachment which their Imperial end Royal Majesties profess towards the person of his Most Christian Majesty end his family, and of the sincere interest *loch they never cease to take in 1111 the tranquillity and happioess of his kingdom. " They have the honour, at the same time, to offer to the Duke of Richelieu the assurance of their very particular consideration. A i x.leAlsapelle, Nov. 4, 1.14. (Sigurd) "31 EXTERN ICIS. RERNSI'ORFT. " CASTLEREAGH. Is ESSELRODE. 4 . WELLINGTON. CAP° CEISTRIA." " HAIIDENBERII. COPY OF TUE NOTE OF M. THE DUKE OF RICHE -1.1r.U. IN ANSWER TO THAT or THE PLENIPO TENTIARIES Or THE COURTS OF AUATKIA, OF SHIEST URITAIN. OF raussiA, AND OF RUSAIA. " The undersigisetl, Minister and Secretary of State to his &lost C11'1,41411 Majesty, lots received the comninnication ofiich their Excellencies the IVIIIIISSYIS of the Cabititts of Auluta, of Great Uri- rn intimately connected with the great tuterests ut Europe. s w With regard e t t l i te lim ezt 6 l4 o tl; e engage. mews, the counts • opening of the Conferences, the Plenipoonainey of his'lll o yt Christian Majerty hits addressed to the Moister. of the utter Pewrrs have left no doubt on this question. as they prove that the Freud► Government hus fol. filled, with the twat scrupulous and honounthle punctuality. all the clauses of the Treaties sod Ca►. of Prossis, and of Russia. did him the honour of addressing to him on the 4th of this month, by order of their august Sovereigns. He hastened to make it known to the King his master. His Ms. jesty has received. with real satisfaction this stew proof of the confidence and friendship of the Save reigoe who hove taken part in the deliberations at Am.'s-Chapelle. The justice which they render to his constant cares for the happiness of France, and shove all to the loyalty of his people, has deep ly touched his been. Looking bark to the past, unit observing that at Ito other iseciad, no other mafiosi has been able to fulfil with is more scrupu lous fidelity, engagements such us France had con tracted. the King has felt that it •was indebted for thie new kind of glory to the influence of the in etitutions which governs it ; and he sees with joy, that the consolidation of these institutions is con sidered by his august Allies to be no less ralran tageous to the repose of Europe, than essential to the prosperity of France. Considering that the filet of his duties is to endeavour to perpetuate and augment. by all the. means in his power. the !meats which the complete re-establishment of general peace promises to sill nations; persuaded that Hie intimate union of governments is the surest pledge of its duration; ohd that France, which could oot remain a stringer to a system, the whole force of which must spring from a perfect unani mity of principle and action, will join the anemia tion with her characteristic lowliness; and that lwr concurrence must add strength to the well-fouuded finite of the happy results which such an alliance intuit produce far the benefit of makitid. hula Most Christian Majesty most readily assents to the proposal made - to him of uniting his councils and his efforts with those of their Majesties the Emperor of Austria. the King of Great Britain, the King of Prussia, and the Emperor of All the R 11.6161., for the purpose of accomplishing the salutary work whirls they It ire in .view. fle has, therefore, authorised the undersigned to take part in all the deliberations of their Ministers and Plenipotentieties, fur the object of consolidatiog the peace, of securing the maintenance of the Treaties on which it rests, and of guaranteeing the minus' rights and relatious established by these same Treaties. and recognized by ail the States of Europe. " The undersigned, while he begs their Earel leascies hi here the goodness to transmit to their august Soiereigns the expression of the inteAtious and sentiments of the King his enlister, has the honour of offering theta the assurance of his highest consideratiosi. u MA-la-Chapelle, Nov. IZ, ISIS. (Signed) " RICHELIEU." tI . _ •••••••m. 1110110 At AIXLA-CII:IFEI.I.E ON THE 15111 NOV. 1810, 10 THE FLENIFOTENTIANivs of THE COURTS OF AUMTRIA, FRANCE, GREAT DRITAiN, PRUSIIA-, AND RUStIA. " The Miiii•tera of Aosttie, France, Crest Mi lan,. jitistaist„loPtitelasiai s oqm,vtuce of the exchange of the ratkliegtiOnlfftlflie . Ceporention signed on the !Alt of Oetober,.. vatotifor.to the erica 'bon of the Fiench territory 4 the foreign troops, end after having addressed to elkli Wither the Noses, of which copies are sabjoitiett, lune assembled in emsference, to take into consideration the relations trfitch ought. to be established, in the existiiiv state of things, between France and the co••ubscrihing Powers of the Treaty of Peace of the .20th of No vember, 1815—relations winch. by sei:uring to France the place that belongs to brr in the system of Europe, will bind her more closely to the paicilic and benevolent views in winch ill the Sovereigns participate, and will thus contiolidate the general " After having Maturely investigated the conser vative piniciples of . the great intere.ts which coon•ti tote the order of things established, under the au spices of Divine Providence, in Europe, by the Treaty of Paris of the 30th of May, 1814, the 'vets of Vienna, nod the - Treaty of Peace of the year 1813, the Courts subycribing the ;present act du, cousequetice, unanimously acktiowledge and de clare— u 1. That they are Gently resolved never to depart, neithrr in their mutual relations, nor in those which einniect them with other States, (ruin the principles of intimate union which bas bitheito &dile,' over all their cuttine.ii relations cud luterests—s rendered more strong and luilissolo. hls by the bonds of Christian frateruity which the Sovereigns have formed among themselves. " R. That this 'mime, which is the more real and 'hirable, inausech ash Stimuli. ins nu separate interest ur temporary embivation, can only have for its object the msiutrnanec Or geutral peace, founded one a respect for the en. pigments contained is she Treaties, and fur the whole of ibc rights resulting therefrom. • " 3. That Femme, associated with other . Powers by the ►estoration of the kgitinsote Mosiarchiral and Coil. itaiional Poser; engages. henceforth so t4.oCtir in the maintenance mid eousulidation of a system-a loch has gives pines to Europe, mud assisted its duration. " 4.-That ify for the better Attaining the shove declared nhject, the Puwefii *bids have costarred in the pretreat act, should judge it necessary to establish particular merl ins. either of the Sovereigns themselves, nr of their reaper ties Ministers and Pleniretentiarieti, to treat imatuainsion their proper intcreal, is so far as they have reference Ite object of their present di liberations, the lime and place of three meetings 1.1.411, on each occasion, be previously Axed, ►y Walls of diplomatic communications ; and that iii the case of these meet having fur their ',Neel so pi specially connected with the intervals of the w.ter Stasis of Europe, they •Ball only take place in consequence an for mal writ:isms no the part of such of those Stales as the said all'airs may concern, sal tinder the express rew•rvat' of their right of direct participation llivrein, either directly Of by their Men ipolcutilrit " S. That the Resolutions contained in the present set shall ho made known to sll the Comm of Locum-, by the subjuiliesl Declaration, which shall be considered as pane tiunesl by the Protocol, and forming part thereof. " Dune in quintuple, soil reciprocally exchanged i■ the original, by Ilse subiscribiug Cabinets. "Aix-la-Chapelle, lour. 15, IPIS. (higned) " JDETTERNICH. II A R DENRERG " RICHELIEU. BER NSTOR Fr. " CANTLERF.ACH. HESSEIRODE„ " WELLINUIVN. CAIN) 111811t1A." DECLARATION. • " Now diet the paelliention of Europe is rercori 'dished, by tile resolution of wit hil sow ng the foreign troops fruit* the Freuelt Cerrito ; wool how that there is so roil of those measurer of prressottoi qt hick tlevlttritMe events lostl rendered otreessaty, the Moisten KO f'leutputeutiant•s al their Majtstirs the •Etatirror of Au►tria, the King of France, the. King of Greet. Britain, the King of Prureis, and ~~ '~'\`+ S. ' the Emperor of All the Rob,iar, have received of de: c from their Soverrikno to mace known to all the Court. or Europe the resuhs of their meeting tit Aix-la-Chapelle, and with that lie* to publish the following Declaration " The Convention of the 911 i of October, which definitively regulated the execution of the engage ments moron! to in the Treaty of Pe:ice of Novem lwr. 20, 1515, is considered by the Sovereigns who concurred therein as the accomplishment of the work of peace. mud as the coni t Artion of the poli tics, system destined to ensure its solidity. " The intimate union estali_sari.i: I I among the Monarchs, who are joint potties to this systein, by their own prinriniles, no less than by the interests of their people, offers to Europe the most sacred pledge of its futu re trampiillsty. " The object of this union is ns simple as it is pest and salutary. It does mit tend to any new political c bi tia tion—to any change in the relations canctiotted by existing Treaties. Cahn and consist ent in its proceedings, it has tin oilier object than the ussintensisce of !wave, and the security of those transactions on which the peace was founded and consolidates!. "The Sovereigns, in firming this stouts. union, have regarded as its fomfamentol hnsiii, their inva riable resolution never to de l ls'', tidier any-mg them selves or in their rektiotts with taller Slater, from the strictest observation of the principles of the right of nations; plinciples which, in their applica tion to a state of itermaitent peace, van alone effec tually gnaraistiie the indepeiedence of each Govern ment, and the stability of the general association. " Faithful to these principles, the Sovereigns will maintain them equally in those meetings at which they may he personally present, or in those which shall take place among their Ministers ; whe ther it shall be their object ►o discuss iu comlnon their own interests, or whether they take cogilizmu•e of questions in which other Governments shell f ,r -malls claim their interference. The .ame spirit which will direct their councils, and reign in their diplomatic communications. shall preside shin at these meetings ; and the repose of the world shall be constantly their motive and their end, " It is with such reotiments that the Sovereigns have consummated the work to which they were called. They will not cease to labour for its confir mation end perfection. They solemnly acknow ledge, that their ditties towards God and the people •whom they gOverii, make it peremptory on them to give_ to the world, as far us in their power, air example of justice, of concord, of moderation; Inippy in the power of consecritime. from hence food', ull their efforts to the protection of the acts' of peace. to the increase of the• tater:il prosperity of their States, and to the awakening of those sentiments of religion and morality, whose empire , hiss been too much enfeebled by the Ntisfortime of the times. " N0r.15, (Squeal) Mir rEnNICII. lIARDENBERU. " ItiCH ELIEU. 6EItNISPOItFF. " CASTUI4USAGII. NEgBBI.ROUIt• " %%ELLINGTON. CAPO itirrniA." This document bears the signature of M. Ceutz, the Secretary to the Conyers. AMERICA. NEW Tonic, OCTOBER 28. Treasury Department. October 1, 1818. • Ssrt-1 have the honour to state, tind orders have been issued fur the repayment of the shy') mid iliscriminatinz doilies which were levied uproot Brutish. merchandise Ind lonnsitv in the ports of the 11 7 1sitttl Simla., between the 3d day of July, 1813 iNclukive, and the 18th day of August of the sane year. . 1 son, &c. W. H. CRAWFORD. To (he Il(ykJ Hon. Charles &Tot ) 4.c. 4.e. EXTRACT OF A LETTER. DATE!) PENSACOLA, SEPEE3IBI.:It 19. " We are waitiog with sosixiety far the United States to take formal possession of this place, and for the estohli.hinesit of 11 regular system of Go vernment, Ussr Government at present is a military one exclusively. of course not very highly rasher!. PensacoLi contains at this time about fifteen hun dred buildings, one third of which are dwelling houses: it is probably in a snore delightful sit nu tiros than any trivets in the 2.llllll.4lllllllliitry, said de eisledly more healthy. Massy northern people have spent the seasoii here thus far. witho u t a single deaths. nor scarcely u case of sickness. "This place - will and must he a place of safe and fashionable resort during the summer and sickly ilia. The liailooor is 'exceeded by mule he the world .perliaps.--tiso thousand ships ma y r id e i n perfect safety. Fort Carlos tie liarotiocas is six miles below the town, and commands the en trance' into the harbour. The c ry in the neighbourhood is very far from being fertile; but all this part ol i the conoutry produces the grape in great luxuriance, and will br one day to the United St a t e s what Sianio is to Europe. Lind on the Es cambia are good, as also nos Yellow Wilier and the ditto - riot bayous and creeks. " The Indians are routrol—scorctly one is seen throughout the country. `lacy of them have passes) un to cross the Nlississoppi:" IMPORTANT DECISION. The New York Paperscontoin, at great length, the oviform ofitingr VAN Nrst,to thetiitittlirtoi Intl C t•of New York, fln a en,r le:voicing matter of great ill,poititnce in the prrieot relo , iitos between the United Sintri t tipuiti,ion her revolted Celunie. Mr. STovaii.rom, the. Consul of his Catholic Alit. jetty, nil behalf of the owners of the Tenerife, min two other Spanish vessels, ornittited by Continorlor• TAY I.olt. 101 d 01)1;011C(1 order* to 1101 ii the litter to bad. The oifidient on which these orderi were grounded, stolen the Defeuilinit to he an American enigeo, and to hate been coneetion sn i oetiine 111 the year 19 Iti, io tittiiii4 out and nutting o brig, cr %easel, ended the Fourth of Jail, to. E/ Patriots, w.llito the hums of tile United S;nte., to hove i'to. in her to '4.4, uud , under the 1144 of the C;*- teruntiot of Puente. Aires, to have uttli.vtl itgaitt-t lit (pea iy of_the of the liwg of SPAIN; *O.l 10 bate COI/Wird 11!t rchtuoliar to a I.trgt 41110110 t. to the inch‘iiitods to whose helwlt t I e.e soda Kate !Ain iiiitittlied 1):5 .~ Catliol,c Majesty. At a subsequent day the Defendant, by his Counsel, applied for and obtained an order, directiog the Plaintiff to show cause why be should not he discharged from custody on filing common hail. The appli. cation was founded on, and support.d by, the De fendant% affidavit, Plating, that 1w was born a sub ject of the King rf Great Britain, but oast now, and had ever since the year 1813, been a mitts. ralised citizen of the United Provinces of South America. In support of this last fact. be pro (1;:re I 11; 4 certificate of I:aturillization. Ile further that at tli time he tune( ih cooto saut t of ti,e aforesaid vessel, lie wits. and still an Of in the naval service of that Government, and verified that fact by the production of Isis commission ; one of which bears date so early NM the year 1813. Ile denied also all participation in fitting out or arming' the said vessel ; and alleged, that in his public car's,- city, as an officer of the Government of Bun Ayres, he had purchased and contracted for the deliv.vy of the said vessel, ut some place beyond the limits of the United States. That she was ac cordingly delivered to biro more than a marine league from the coast of the United States, and produced a bill of sale, dated at sea, to verify the fact. flit Lordship then proceeded io stow, that antler all the circumstances of the case, the De fendout is no longer a citizen of the United States ; after which lie thus proceeded : " Nut being a.eir.zeo of the United Stater', the question is ',resented broadly, whether this Court will take cognizance of this case? or rather, whether it will order the Defendant to be arrested, and held to bail, for acts committed against the subjects of the Royal Government of Spans, in his capacity of a citizen Hod publicasfficer of the Government of that United Provinces of Rio de la Plata, claiming to be independent ? It is well settled, that whets one portion of an empire rises up against another, no longer obeys the Sovereign, bat by force of arias throws otY 1)6 authority, and is of sufficient strength to compel him to resort to regular hostilities against it, a state of civil war exists, as distinguished from rebellion. It is, equally well settled that in the pro recution of a civil war all the maxima of humanity and moderation, inculcated by the common laws of war, should be observed. The same case its which there principles are found points out the course to he pursued by foreign nations in such a crises. It exprissly requires that they consider the conflicting parties as two distinct powers, each independent of all fort•igo authority, contending for rights and for a dominion which no foreign Government call justly give or take aiay ; and, therefore, in the words of this great authority, nobody has a right to judge them'." • The Drfendant, theiefgre, not being a citizen of the7United States, and the present contest between Spirits Ind he► Colonies being distinguished by all the featurestif a civil war, he sr.is of opinion that the Court 'had in) right to interfere, and that the Defendant was entitled to his discharge. It *as also contended, that the vessel be which these captistes were inade, having been fitted out its he United fates, in violation of the Act of Jane, 1794, the Court would take jurisdiction of prizes made by her, and consequently, of this action ; hut the Judge, on a review of all the cases cited on this point, held it to be plain, that the utmost ex tent of the doctrine they maintain is, that captures made by vessels equipped in a neutral nation are illegal only in relation to -inch nation, and if they ■re lo ought infra p►esidin of her ports, restitution will be ordered—n 6 other temuneration is held forth—no other resource is opened to the captured . "ItiE BRIT' S H PRE S S. t„ONDON. TIIURSDAY, Novi:smo '26, 18E5. Some official documents, emanating from the thi coCotulugtrerls.s and will be found in a of Aix-lu-Chapelle, ha no v t e h e e ra . s e r r h t ed . of our s Paper. Of these, •the first is a Nate addressed by the Ministers of Austria, Great Britain, Russia, and Prussia, to the Duke of RtcHEmstt, inviting him to Irethime a participator in their diplomatic labours; the second is the Duke of RICHELIFT'S answer, and acquiescence irr this-proposal ; the third is the Protocol, signed op the 15th of this month, by the Minister* of the five great Powers, specify ing thi principles which guided their past delihera. Lions, and those which they are resolved shall in fluence the future conduct of their respective Ca binets; a n d the lust is the finial Declaration or of the Congress, which seems to authen. cute the resolutions contained in the preceding. The protested obji.ct of those who formed the late Congress at Aix-la-Chapelle, is the same 1114 t has ostensibly engaged the attention of every States man and Diplomatist since the earlier daw,i of civilisation ; and had the solemnity of Ti.atier, consecrated by every tie of teligier:, heen foul l efficient to counteract the workino of depraved ambition, or correct the violence of other paci•iot s equally destructive to the genersl trAnytillity, tt,e Allied Sovereigns had now heen spatrd the tr.othle of ufficially announcing themselves to the world $l4 the active promoters of •• a general peace." Tine experience of the past obtrudes itself upon :lie me mory with too much force, to admit in the prtsent she of the world the II ittertrg hope that the causia of wiar would cease to exist it the bidding of live great Monarchs, or that even these 11",tri.tutt , tin in selves would disregard dolr own rests, and sacrifice their private to promote the r restle:s is and • the gene,lll Irippittess of the wu. III. documents we no+• parent to ..or repeated the oft-told t a le, t h at the I i only cause of the !ate Coii)rtS %;.1 • The :tames of the Powers arc put alphabctieally.