The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1826-09-12 00:00:00

BRAZIL. To hls Excellency the Admiral commanding in chief the forces of his Majesty the Emperor of Bruit in Itio do Pests. The undersigned Rear-Admiral, commandirg the naval divi sion of kis Moat Christian Majesty, on the South American sta. e'er', being convinced, by examining the peps •• t of the French brig Cosmopolite, that the government of his Majesty the Emperor of Brazil has adopted, with regard to neuttal nations, a system of ma ritime law which his Mcat Christi.sn Majesty never recognised, and never will recognise, has the honour en present to his Excel lent, the Admiral commanding the naval forces of 'his Majesty the Emperor of Brazil. an account of the principles adopted in these matters by France, and the reciprocity of which she claims the tight to require. These principles have, for their basis, justice the Lost severe, and exactly conformable to the law of nations, which dogs not permit that any mari.inte power should arr 'gate to itself epon the ocean a supremacy which no State has a right to exercise, aid which belongs to all. France adopted the principles consecrated by the treaty between the Northern Powers, which was communicated to us on the lli.h August, 1780. Since that time she has always acted in conformity to them ; or, if she departed from them in the time 0 f some of the governments which sprung up during the Revolution, it was by way ui reprisals for thq pretensions claimed by the maritime Power with which at that time she was at war—pretensions which, nevertheless, sbe never recognised. Since the reins of government returned into the hands of her legitimate Sovereigns, she returned to her prin ciples, and found herself in a situation which called upon her to follow them in the last war, which site maintained against the COderallpsde. They are as follow : le& TWA. the flag protects the merchandise (excepting contra bagkialgorlibe stores). !IL rho t visiting of a neutral vessel by al of war must he made wi p ee s / t& are. 3d. That alkalsjects of contraband are wailike stores, flee- WM% powder, . 4th. That every a wn ago r:ght to give convoy to its merchant ..hips; and that In such fel. th • declaestion of the commander of the vessel of war is suit dint t i justify the flag and cargo of the vessels under convoy. 3th. That no pert is blockaded by a squadron, except when there is an evident risk of entering it; but no neutral vessel cal be pre. vented from entering a port formally blockaded by a force•which is not present at the time when the vessel presents Itself, i hurray may be the cause of the removal of the blockading force, whether cooled by words or by the necessity of procuring provisions. The formalities practised In the case of the Cosmopolite, in par ticular, have led the undersigned to think that the intentions of the government of his Majesty the Emperor of Brazil are not in unison with the spirit and letter of the last article. Nut only is it the duty of the undersigned to communicate to his Excellency the Admiral the principles professed by the Government of his Most Christian Ma j city ; but his instructions have foreseen this case, and impiriouely command him to do so. In order, therefore, to avoid any circumstance which might interrupt the good understanding wine!' happily subsists between their respective States, the undersigned hastens to Worm l-s Excellency, the Admiral, what are the views and conduct of France with respect to neutrals. When he arrives at Rio Janeiro he will have Cie honour to address a similar communication to his ,excellency, the Minister for Foreign Affairs; and in case his Ex cellency the Admiral cannot, in consequence of his instructions, edLere to the principles pointed out, the undersigned protests, by aitiripation, against all and every arrest, detention, or confiscation Of French merchant vessels, except in the case of an infraction of these principles The undersigned Rear. Admiral embreces t h is opporunity of renewing to his Excellency, the Admiral comittieding the naval Lime of his Majesty, the Emperor of Brazil, in the Rho da Prate, the assurance of the high consideration with which he has the ho r.our to be his most cbedient servent, 11011ASIEL• On board the frigate Marie Therese. in the Roads of Monte Video, June 6, 1826. aceer 70 HIS EXCELLENCY THE REAR-ADMIRAL. COM MANDING THE NAVAL DIVISION OF li:3 5:03T CHRIS TIAN MAJESTY IN SOUTH AMERICA. The undersigned Admiral, commanding the naval forces of his Majesty the Emperor of Brazil. in Rio do Peres, alit the blockade tee the poets of the Itepeblic of Buenos Ayres, having received the store of his Excellency the Rear-Admiral, dated the lith inst., con. ceming the examination which was made of the papers of the French merchant brig the Cosmopolite, observes from it that his Excel. leaey the Rear• Admiral pretends that certain principles should be uteerved, which lie classifies as the law of nations. viz.-- " Ist. That the flag protects the merchandise (excepting contra. bend warlike stores). " 2d. That the visiting of a neutral vessel by a vessel of war meet be made with all possible care. " ed. That the only objects of contraband are wa:like stores, re.artns, powder, balls, &c. " 4th. That every Power has a right to give convoy to its mer. chant ships, and that in such a case the elecheretine of the Com mander of the vessel of war is sufficient to justify the flag and cargo tot the vessels under convoy. " lith. That no port is blockaded by a squadron, except when there is an evident risk of entering it; but no fleetest' veste..l can be grunted from entering a port formally blockediel by a force which is not present at the time when the vessel presents itself, whatever may be the cause of the removal of the blockading force, whether caused by words or by the necessity of procuring provision." No cue being pointed out in which the manner of visiiee was infringed, as stated in the second article, and the contents of the fourth article not being applicable to the present circumstances, in order that the point may be reduced to a eincle question, the Rear. Admiral will dispense here from mentioning those, and only 110 much of the others as may be of importance, and may relate to the commission with which the undersigned has been charged. The law of nations rests and is founded upon the lea of nature. and the latter is founded upon reason. Its princieles, therefore, are always the same and unchangeable. The French nation published an Order, dated the 23t1 of July, 1704, and in it his Excellency the Rear-Admiral will Lind the fol. lowing articles:— " Art. 3. And:in like manner his Majesty preeibite the storming of vessels belonging to neutral Princes soiling frem the ports of any of the States which are either neutral or allies of his Majesty, to go to a State alto neutral or allied to his Majesty, they be not laden with merchandise of his enemies, whether raw or manu mewled ; in which ease the merchandise will be a fair capture, and the vessels will be allowed to proceed. "Art. 4. His Majesty forbids his pritateers to stop vessels be longing to the subjects of neutral Princes sailing from the ports of a State allied' to his Majesty. or neutral. and bound for a port hos lie to his Majesty ; provided there he not in the said vessels any contraband goods, either raw or manufactured. belonging to the enemies of his Majesty ; in which case the goods shall be a fair prize, and the vessels will be allowed to proceed. " Art. 6. And nevertheless, if in the cases mentioned in the first tour articles of the present regulation there were in the neutral vessels effects belonging to the enemies of his alejesty, the vessels and all their argue, conformably to the 7th Article, under the title of " Captures." in the Order of the month of August, 1681." " flit. 6. Vessels belonging to the subjects of neutral States, which shall have sailed from the ports of a State hostile to his Ma jesty, and shall have taken carves, in whole er in part, for the States of another Prince not their own, whether he be an ally of his itlajeety, neutral or !mettle, nosy be stopped and breught to the langdoni, and shall be declared good prizes with their cargoes, eten it they should be freighted on the account of the subjects of hie Majesty, or of a state allied or reteral," On the 21st of October, 1714, another Order was published con tenting the following article:— " Art. 5. If in the cases, &c. there were found in the said neu tral Teasels, of whatever nations they should be, goods or effects belonging to the enemies of his .M njesty, the goods or effects shall be good prizes, even if they should not have been manufactured in the enemy's country ; but nevertheless the veesele shall be permitted to proceed." In the original regulations of the French 318:ine, in August, 1681, the following article occurs I— " Art 7. All vessels which shall be found laden with goods be longing to our enemies, and the merchandise of our subjects or aloe, in an enemy's vessel, shall also be good eirizea." The undersigned has the honour to apprize his Excellency the Rear. Admiral that he does not transcribe the above Articles from the French regulations, in order to serve as a rule, as they neither are the law of the empire of Brazil, nor are any 'loco ince like these restrictions in use. They were transcribed simply to show that. even by the laws of retiree, the assertion that the flag covered the cargo was untenable ; and in order to show also that in those time., in which the reins of Governmect were in the hand. of the legiti. mate Sovereigns, tern a French privateer meeting neutral vessels with an enemy's cargo, not only took the cargo under the neutral nag, but even the neutral veseels themselves were declared good prizes. From all this exposer, it follows. that if this firer principle of the Dote of his Excellency the Rear Admiral be a at of the law of nations, it was France that dismembered that law by the above mentioned regulations. The treaty by which the opinion of the Rear-Admiral is corro. berated, formed between-she powers of the North, in 1700—known by the title of the Treaty of Armed Neutrality—without doubt had for its object to agree upon the principle of the dot article by a convention, and to incorporate it as maritime law ; yet it canrot be shown that the powers which did not form a part of that league of the armed neutrality recognized it when peace was amended. notwith standing that that was its object. Neither con it he sh o wn th at i n the last peace of Vienna, or in the Congresses which followed it any indemnifications were granted foe the merchandise in the yes. sets thus captured, though France never respected goods under neutral flags (sometimes as reprisals), nor even in the territory of neutral nations, without its being possible in that case that there 'mould be any question of reprbets. Considering that en great diversity of sys te m. on tide seine prin ciple, we might, withoat scruple, ca ll , it the law of convenience In stead of the law of nation. And who is that neutral powers assisting in this way any of the Belt Power., commits hostilities against the other ? imam* as, by maintaining its commerce, it enables bet ter to tontines the war ; or who is ignorant that fete of the greatest eV* Mee can be done to an enemy is to divert their commerce ? and bf the principles referred to, this resource is rendered useless . _ TOM the Government o f B raz il a d o pt e d t h e principle—that lbs sat THE BRITISH PRESS. can appreciate argument; that there are minds which do not measure the depth of the ocean by their own fathoming line; which are willing to allow, though they are themselves blind, that others may occasionally see• The infallible resource of reasoners like our northern con temporary is to call out facts! But what do they mean by facts? Simply those particulars which come immediately under their own observation. They argue as if a man, being possessed of feeling, ought to net satisfied with that sense—ought to shut his eyes and admit nothing to be real but what he can ascertain by actual contact. The question is not whether labour, both by land and sea, was continually extended and improved, and our wealth and resources corre spondingly increased, under the old and much vituperated system ; but whether labour at present would be extended and improved under the continuance of the old and much vi tuperated system ; and whether labour, under our old system was continually extended and improved as much as it might have been under a different system ? We should answer these questions most decidedly in the negative. IVe should say too that labour uas "extended and improved since the new-fanglcd doctrines came into oreration ;" and we are really, in fitting time and place, to make good (and that by facts) every one of the positions which we now lay down. We arc now confined in point of space, and must, there fore, merely put a few queries in the way adopted by our contemporary. Hail not foreign nations shown a disposi tion to adopt restrictive measures? and bad we not lost really important branches ofour commerce, in consequence, when we began to adopt a liberal system? Did not the manufactures of Russia and the United States owe their rise to the imitation of our example ? Arc not the subjects of every nation, as well as our own, the most eligible, and, above all, the cheapest manufacturers for their fellow-sub jects? and would not the diffusion, among foreign nations, of what the writer in Mach wood's Magazine calls sound views, ultimately destroy, root and branch, all our foreign commerce of exportation ? Did not the excessive ex tension of all sorts cf traffic in 1525 show that the re peal of restrictive laws tended tu increase the encourage ments to commercial enterprise? and is it fair to attribute the extraordinary depression at present to any thing but the unwarranted degree to which speculation was then carried? The grand difficulty in dealing with such rea *niers is to pursuade them that the world does not stand kill. They make no allowance for the advances of the human mind, but argue as if what is at present always must be. IVe might retort the language of the Durham Adver tiser in this case ; but, by the opinion of that journal we can neither rise nor fall ; and we are not disposed to pay much attention to the last groans of a party which has been driven from the London press to take refuge in Dur ham and Edinburgh. CITY, IllovoAT Evritiwo. The Funds have not at all increased in activity since' Saturday. Console are at 79 to an eighth, but nothing doing. Exchequer Bills are at 18 19, and Indian Bonds at 27 2S. In the Foreign Market Mexican Bonds have averaged about their usual range, and closed at 52 to 53. There is something like a confirmation in the American Papers of there being a considerable sum in dollars at Vera Cruz ; but to what particular purpose they are to be applied on their arrival in this country does not appear. Colombian suffered a reaction during the day of a half per cent., rather, it is to be apprehended, from the silence that is ob served respecting them, than from any other cause ; at the close of the Market they had,: however, regained their usual quotation of 34. In other Foreign Securities, Stocks as well as Shares, there was a total dereliction of any thing like busivess. The Resource has arrived from Calcutta, but, as she left on the 21st of March, prior to the date of the overland de spatch, the news she brings is merely that of proceedings previous to the capitulation, and therefore devoid of interest, as the final result is known. 'flie embargo which has so long existed on the Corn Exchange is at length removed, large purchasers having appeared in the Market this morning. Every description of grain went off freely at the prices of last week, Oats ex cepted, the finest quality of which brought about 2 shil lings, and medium quality about one shilling per quarter more than on Friday last ; thereby confirming, as far as one market can be taken, as an example that the price of the imported articles will not produce any material effect on the home market. TRIESTF, AUG. 27.—K ship, which left Modon 31 days ago, brings word that, while it was there, 10 ships of war, two of which were of the line, arrived at Navarino from Constantinople, to be at the disposal of Ibrahim Pacha, who had returned with his army to Tripolizza from !Mina, where he had sustained some loss. A Mainote schooner, which interrupted trade in those seas, was at tacked and roughly treated by en Austrian schooner. Accounts were received from Mexico yesterday to the middle of July. The government of that state has thrown a very serious impediment in the way of the ship ment of specie to England. An order, apparently unex pected, was issued, by which no house at Vcra Cruz was allowed to export silver, if they were indebted to the government for any import duty on goods, for which it has been usual lately to give credit till the goods were sold. Several cases of severe hardship are mentioned to us, where the merchant at the city of Mexico had transmitted to his agent on the coast dollars for England, and the latter being indebted to the Government for duties, the dollars were detained till the amount should be discharged. The great inconvenience thus occasioned to merchants, who are disappointed in the means they had calculated upon to make payments, may be easily imagined. The New American Governments do not yet seem to understand the necessity of abstaining from all sudden and capricious changes in their commercial regulations. If freedom is the first thing desirable fat trade, filthy of ttgtgation is the second. We have received from Curacas the Colon:Nano to the 13th July. It contains the decree of the Svnate and Chamber of Representatives of the Republic of Colombia, for funding the national debt, both foreign and domestic, I and for assigning funds and public revenues for paying the interest thereof, and gradually extinguishing the capital. The specific objects of the recent revolution in Venezuela seem to be carefully concealed, and this circumstance has inspired just uneasiness in the minds of those who favour ed the measure, from the conviction that a federal form of government was hest adapted to the permanent interests of the Republic. The Colombian(, quotes from the Comona Indicudor del Orinoco, of the 10th of June, the following paragraph, in reference to the resolutions pulled in Valen cia on the 29th of April :—" We may assert, that even now, in spite of the explanations given to us of this and subsequent events which have taken place in Caracas, a certain air of mystery i s t o b e observed, and a veil is drawn over their ptire character, which ought to be re moved for the satisfaction of all parties, inasmuch as the public tranquillity and repose demand it. This obscurity may indicate the hypocrisy and had spirit which animate those who direct these events." The Colombian° has some observations upon the above paragraph, in which it ex plicitly urges the benefits of a federal form of government, and contends, that w h atever ma y be Bolivar's individual opinions upon the subjeq, he will not disregard the gene ral voice of the people. It cannot be long, now. before we shall know what the conduct of the Liberator will be; and we shall learn, sip, by the next arrivals from Car raps, whether Pees and his confederates aim at separation, and the Consequently atnbitous project of crecing an inde pendent state. MALICIOUSLY SETTING FIRE TO THE WILLIAM MONEY EAST INDIANAN, BY THE LASCARS. The following is the copy of a Letter addressed by Capt Jackson, of Calcutta, to the owners of the William Money East Indiaman, in London : • 4 , CALCUTTA, 01AlICII 10, 1826. " My dear Friend—All is well ; but the William Money has had • narrow escape. The Marine Register is given up, and the !Amara are resorting to their old tricks. On the sth of this month the ship left Diamond Harbour, loaded with Government stores, and some hundreds of large bullock peels for the army at Rao. goon. On the 7th I rece ved the fullotving letter from Cap tain Chieme :—" Yesterday, at two o'clock P. nt., in an instant the whole of our orlop deck was in a blaze, which providentially, by the greatest exertion of my officers and such part of the crew as I could lay hands on, we extinguished in half an hour, wiltout the least injury to our ship. Nearly one hundred of the bullock pads were thrown over board in flames. My side and leg are consider ably wounded, hut not dangerously. On examination it appears that the Honourable Company's bullock pads had been cut open, and fire balls introduced by the LaSCATS. S. ntries are now placed at every hatchway, and I do not ailow the Lascars to quit the deck night or day, except in working our e4bl:s. You may be assured of every attention on my part. " I am, dee. "R. CM EME." It is an old trick of the Lavers ; many cotton ships have been set on fire in the same way. On explanation of the above at Lloyd's, I do hope the underwriters will in some way mark their approha tion of conduct so highly meritorious on the part of Captain Chieme and his officers ; and, indeed, had not Captain Chieme, brought the ship round to Calcutta when lie did, the ship's tepairs would have seriously increased. Ile is, in truth, a deserving man. I am, dec. J. JACKSON. To the Owners of the William Money. Extract of a letter from Rio de Janeiro, dated the Bth of July, 1828: " The line-of-battle ship, Dm Joao VI. arrived from Lisbon yesterday, bringing the Duke of Alaffoes ; he has not yet bad a public audience. The English Consul has demanded from this Government the dismissal of all Bri tish subjects from their service, in consequence of which a Privy Council was held, and though nothing as yet has transpired, yet of course they must concede. It will be a , sad disappointment to some who have lately signalized themselves so much in the River Plate. The newspapers I herewith do not mention the affair between the English ftigate Doris and Admiral Pinto. It is as follows : An English ship, having on board a number of English emigrants, bound for Buenos Ayres, was taken somewhere off or near Monte Video, by Admiral Pinto, arid condemned as a lawful prize. On which the British Consul at Monte Video demanded her release, which was refused, on plea of her being a lawful prize; he, however, ordered the frigate Doris, and another sloop of war, to pre pare for action, and place themselves alongside the Admiral's flag ship, the Impretrez, and in the interim he went on board, and again demanded his release; at the same time Wolin ing his Lordship that if it was not acceded to on his leav ing the ship, the frigates would immediately fire upon him. Ilowever, the Admiral not wishing to give them so much unnecessary trouble, signed her release , and so it ended. For the veracity of all these articles I cannot vouch, as most likely there is much exaggeration : but that the foun dation is fact yon may rely upon, as the officers of the Doris (who came up for orders and provisions) mention they were all in readiness, and the men at the guns in high spirits. " Brown has done wonders ; with a force comparatively contemptible, he has made them all tremble, although they have no less than seventy-one flags in that river. Ilow ever, there is one thing to be said : the Brazilians have plenty of vessels but no men ; while, on the other side, they have few vessels, but their decks are covered with men. " We have only one consolation ; that the only tw•o men that have shown any courage or signaled] themselves arc both Englishmen. . . " Rep"ort says the Bucnos-Ayrean Government is in a very bad and unpleasant condition, as likewise the city itself. " You will see by the papers the French are now on the same footing as the English ; the general opinion is it will not injure us much. " The theatre was two slays ago lighted with gas, the first experiment ever made in South America. It was much better than expected, and appeared to please much." Brussels Papers to the 10th inst have arrived. From the extracts which we give it will be set n that the extraor dinary mortality at Groningen continues. Ilaussra.s. Scrv. G. " His Royal Highness Prince Frederick of the Netherlands, and his august Consort, will arrive in this city to-day or to-morrow. " It is reported that the value of foreign corn exported in Eng. land, in consequence of the permission to import lately graoted, is expected to be four millions sterling ; but it is thought in London that on account of the low prices of English manufactures, a great part of it will be paid for in goods. " A private letter from Groningen gives the weekly statement of deaths in that city front June 22 to August 31. Outing the 1;1.4 three weeks the numbers were 13, 19, and 33, all children nodes twelve years of age. From the 13th July to the 10th of dlngnst the numbers increased weekly, amounting from Aug. 3 to 10. to 10G; Aug. 10 to 17, 82; Aug. 17 to 2.1, 97 ; Aug. 24 to 31.129. " Thus it appears that the number of deaths increases in an alarming manner. Tie number of the sick amounts to some thousands. " The population of Groningen amounts to 30,090 souls, and in ordinary times the weekly average of deaths is about twenty." Van Diemen's Land Papers to the 20th April state that the Government Authorities were using every effort to put an end to the excesses committed by the Bush Ringers. These papers contain no article of any public inter, st. We have received Calcutta Papers and letters to the 22d of March. They give the particulars of sotne slight affairs in Ava, but they have lost their interest since the final re sult of the war has been ascertained. The measures of the Ministers in establishing a sound currency in our West India islands and settlements, is likely to be defeated by the rate of exchange. For several weeks past the packages in which the coin was sent from this country have been returned. filled with the coin which they carried out, as the most favourable remittance which could be made to the merchants. GREEK STEAM Sturs.—The Enterprize and Irresistible, two of the vessels forming portion of Lord Cochrane 's steam spuadton, have been lightened and their sails unbent,' preparatory to the removal and improvement of the whole of the apparatus of the engines. We cranot but deplore that if experiments were to be tried, they had not been I attempted on vessels, for the employment of which there did not exist so pressing and vital a necessity. ROTTERDAM, SEPT. s.—The news of the partial open ing of the English ports for corn has caused a general ad- 1 vance here.. and no article has started more thaw wheat, although that species of grain is not at present admissible.l The rise was Sa. per quarter, and prime wheats would now ' cost on board, slap here 31s. to 41s. per quarter. The freight is 3s. by a Dutch vessel, 4a. by an English vessel ; 1 but the preference, even at that rate, is given to the latter. The Exchange has declined three groota to-day, in conse quence of the grain shipments. IlArl:c, SEPT. 9.—We have been visited by most tre mendous gales during the greater part of the week, and it is apprehended that we shall hear of many serious dis asters. The brig Robert, an English collier, bound to Caen, has been lost in the river, but the crew are saved.— The remains of a pilot boat, which had six men on hoard, have been washed ashore. Among our recent arrivals is a brig under Colombian colours from Lima, and his Ma jesty's sloop of war La Durance, laden with Egyptian an tiquities for Government, which have been collected by Monsieur Champollion, who has obtained much celebrity by his researches ss an Egyptian antiquary. The Solway steam-vessel was seized by the Preventive Officers when about to sail from the mouth of our canal on Tuesday, for having on board seven gallons of smuggled whisky. Bond was given for her, and after some delay she was allowed to sail.—Kendal Chronicle. PARTY. The Marquis of elanricarde entertained a di‘tinguished any to dinner yesterday, at his house in St. James's-square. .---- MOYER! ENTS. The Duke of Rutland left his house in Arlington -street on SIM dap for Brighton. fhe Duke of St. A lhans arrived yesterday, at his house in flt. James's square, from a shooting excursion at the seat of Mn." Coutts, in Essex. .Marquis and Marchioness of Stafford have arthed at Edin. burgh, from their seat, Dunrobin Castle, Surherlandshlre. • The Earl and Countess of Hardwick° have arrived at Wimpole Hall, Cambridgeshire, from their sear, Thtenhanger Hall, Hens. Lord Francis Gower arrived on Friday, at his house in Albt marle-street, from Russia. Lord Melbourn has arrived in town from the seat of Earl Cowper, Pansnnger, I I arts. Sir John Dasliwood King, Bart. arrived yesterday at the villa of Mrs. C.tutts, Holley Lodge, Highgate, ftom a shooting excur sion, in Essex. Sir Wm. Ingilby. Bart. has arrived in town from Ripley Hall, Yorlediirr. Mr. and Mrs. Barnard have arrived at their scat, at Putney from Brighton. Arrivals at Fentcn's New Hotel. St. James'sstreett—Colonel Travor. and Captain Wood, from Yorkshire; and Captain berm ford, from Windsor. Arrival at the Waterloo Hotel, Jcsmyn.street:—Mr. and Mrs. Illeyers and family. from Jamaica. Arrivals at the St. Jaemee's Hotel. Jennyn.street :—Mr. and Mts. Smith Barry and family, from their seat in Cheshire; Berry Ferau-00.. Esq. from Devonshire; Mr. and Mrs. Robert !goes, front the Continent ; T. 31a1 and, Esq. from a tour; Thomas Ranby, Biel. from Bath ; and T. Drake. Eq. from the Continent. Arrivals at the Brunswick Hotel (late !bake's) Jermyn.street:— Mon , ieur and Madame Lutt.roth, and Alonsieur Alphonte and Mademoiselle butternth, from a tour. Departures :—Lord renal and the Cuuntess 31assareene and faintly, for Antrim eagle, Ireland. Arrivals at the Rnyal Hotel, St. Jamwes-ureet :--M. Itiearb, Esq. and Richard Che,lyn, D4q. from a tour. Departure:—Th e don. T. Fein, , es, for Dtlvitlere. Del•arturea from the Union lintel, Caelc.pur-street:—Colorel and Mre. 0 Ivey and Alifs Powell, for their *eat in Norfolk. Departure from the Pouhney Hotel, Albemarle -street :—Colerel and Mra. Sepleton, for Norfolk. Dem rture from the St. George's Hotel, Albemarle-street and Lady Elizabeth !lope Vere and family, from their 1.1.3 Scotland. Departures from the Clarendon Hotel, H. , nd-street : - The I:371 of Guildford end suite, for Turkey ; and Mr. aid Mrs. Mutl.utn and family, for Hutinga, Sussex. WINDSOR, SEPT. 11: Their lanai Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester, and the Princess Sophia Matilda, arrived at Fragrnore, on a the Ptii}cri Augusta. The Royal p.rrty proceeded from Frogmore in the afternoon to the Castle, attended by Lady Mary 'fay lor, Lady in Waiting to the Princess Augusta, Colonel Higlins, Equerry to the Doke of Gloucester, the lion. Mr: Stanhope, &c. The Royal visitors, soon after their arrival, inspected the extensive improvements made in the Castle. Soon after four o'clock the Itayal party left the Castle, on their return to Frngmore to dinner. The Duke of Gloucester came and returned on horseback. The Duke of York took a drive yesterday afternoon in his cabriolet, from the residence of the Duke of Ratiarcl, in Arlington-strezt. His Royal Highness transacted busi ness in the morning with Sir Herbert Taylor, Co:onel Stephenson, &c. &c. The usual medical attendants of the Royal Duke paid their daily visit. A rumour was current throughout the whole of the week past, that the Dhke of York would return to the Pavilion on Scctuttlty, hut, we believe, his Royal Highnis: has not yet arrived. It is probable, however, as the saddle hones of the Commander-in-Chief remain with us, and there has been no change at tlte Palace since he left it, that his Royal Highness may again be with us in a few days.—Susscr The Earl of Liverpool arrived in town on Sunday from his scat at Coombe 11 - ood. Him Lordship transacted business in the course of the day with Mr. Secretary Can niog, at the Foreign Office, after which the Noble Earl sent off a Messenger with despatches to the King, at the Royal Lodge in Windsor Park. His Lordship returmd to Cornbc Wood in the afternoon. The Right Honourable W. Huskisson transacted busi ness yesterday with Air. Canning, at his Office in Down ing-street. The S.cretary to Lord Charles Smnerset transacted business yesterday with Mr. Hay, Under Secretary of State fur the Colonial Department at the Colonial Office: The new Minister from the United States, Mr. Galit zin, had an interview yesterday afternoon with Mr. Se cretary Canning, at his office in Downing -street, which lasted upwards of an hour. The Spanish Minister had also a long conference yesterday afternoon with Mr. Can ning at the Foreign Office. The Wirtemberg Minister transacted business yesterday at the Foreign Office. Despatches were received at the Foreign Office yester day from the Right Honourable Frederiek Lamb, our Am bassador at Madrid, and from Lord Granville, our Ambas sador at l'aris, to Mr. Secretary Canning. The Duke de San Carlos, Spanish Ambassador' Extra. ordinary at the Court of Russia, and Captain Parry, ar rived at Frankfurt on the V. _ . _ _ ._....._._ _....._ Sir Willism Curtis has offered his very comfortable re sitlenc at Ramsgate to his Majesty. The apartments, how ever, are by far too oircurnscribed to accommodate his Ma jesty mud suite. East Cliffe House, therefore, will be the abode of Royalty during the autumn. On Friday the Lord Mayor and La ly Mayoress, accom panied by Aldermen Lucas, Atkins, and their ladies, the City Solicitor, City Remembrancer, Chaplain, and a select party, went down the river in the City of London steam packet, to Sheerness. Aft.. r visiting the dock-yard, over which they were politely conducted by Sir Edward Banks, the Lord Mayor proceeded in the water bailiff's boat to Yamlet Creek. fur the purpose of tvcertaining the /nee ; ticahility of effecting a passage through it, and thus mate ' rially improving the navigation of that part of the river. His Lordship's party embarked from the Tower at half past seven in the morning, took breakfast, dinner, and tea ; on board, and returned to town in the evening, having completed a pleasure voyage of more than 112 miles in the ! course of one day. Mr. Hughes Ball, and his family, are returned from Wales, and are now at Oatlands, where a large party are assembled for the enjoyment of shooting. Charlie Kemble is returned to town, after performing with great success in many of the provincial theatres. He is at present occupied in preparing for the ensuing cam paign at Covent-garden, where, assisted by the proles sional talents of Charles Young, it is intended to revive, in the early part of the season, some favourite legitimate dramas, which fur sevecal years have been laid upon the shelf. efi • • • YA a ACP • 41 Z • - • - .v y• E does not met the cargo—a principle we ted upon by all nations in the last war which took place in Europe ; hie Excellency the Rear-Ad miral must be well 'mate. since he must recollect that a treaty of commerce, made on the 18th of (Molter, 11125, established it ate cordiugly in its 17 h Article. This treaty, though not published offi,ially, was printed entire in a newspaper, du: Mario Mud nrerr, of the 12th of November of that year, and was never can tradic ed, a circumstance which indicates at least an assent to its doctrines. And if there has been a delay in its ratification, an ac count of "n 'e explanations, which were Judged necessary, it cannot be sit-Tared that it was on those principles which England lota con stantly followed. The example of the system acted upon by France in the war against the Cortes of Spain, proves nothing, for instead of beii.g an exception from circumstances . the assistance which his 31ort Christian 3lajesty gave to his Catholic Majesty. to free him from the coercion in which the Cortes held him, was not a war of one Italian against another, and in c ons e q uence of this excer tons were matte in the blockade of Cadiz. Contraband warlike stores, mentioned in Article Three to be good prizes, do not require to go to blockaded ports. The fol lowing Article of the French Regulations of 117;1 afford a proof of this;_ Art. 11. Arms, powder, tails. and other warlike stores, even I horses and equipages, which shill be transported for the service of the enemy, shall Ise confiscated in whatever vessels they may be found, and to whomsoever they may belong, whether to our subjects or allies." For blockaded ports all commerce is prohibited, and consequently nil goods are contraband, inasmuch as their importation is made in the face of the recognition which the respective Governments make of the blockade by publishing it, as is intiinweel to it. Speculators who Am the risk from ambition in the face of the declaration and recognition of their Government, have fur their object to elude the blockade, by which they commit hostilities against the nation which enforces it; and for that reason it is established that the punish ment, in case of capture, shall Me a loss both to the owners of the cargo and those of the vessel. If this plan were not pursued, all would attempt to elude the blockade. These principles arc so wise that it appears impossible they should be called in qucstior. As, in the :id' article in the note of his Excellency, the Rear. Admiral complains, thoirrh indirectly. of the manner in which the blockade Is enforced, as he bad already done an the 25th of May last, the undersigned, in order to satisfy his Excellency will say thus much :—ln the Rio da Plata alone are three ports belonging to the territory of the empire of Brazil, and belonging to the enemies of Brasil ; and ns these are blockaded. and the method of hest enbtreivg it is entrusted to the undersigned, in whatever port his Excellency the Bear Admiral may inert fillips of the squadron of his slajesty the Emperor of Brazil in h the Rio t'a Plata, he may understand that that service forms a part of the tint - col or system adopted, and which has for its object to hinder the passage and the entrance to the blockaded ports ; and certainly this method cannot be considered less efficacious than that by which France de clared tba British isles in a state of blockade, and his Britannic Plajesty, on theother hand. declared in estate of blockade tell the ports of then nations which should be occupied by the Freach erode , . Aral his Excellency,knowa very well that the prices tr.ken from neutral powers were all judged lawful. And if it should be said that this and some other facis referred to took rhea while a usurper was seated on the throne of France, the circumstance of there being no indemnification, awl that of the French nation still being governed, for the most part, by the same °refinances, tegula tions, and lases, may lie considered as a sufficient answer to any su oh objection. The undersigned has thus duly replied to the protest whit h his Excellency the Rear-Admiral intimated to him by his note of the Pith instant. his Excellency having the power, if lie should not he satisfied, to have recourse to the means indicated in the same note ; nothing remaining for the undersigned but to renew his protesta tions of being, With the greatest consideration and respect, His most bumble and obedient servant, PlwroEnEs. On board the frigate Piranga, opprutite Montevideo, June 7, 1026. PRICES OF FOREIGN nut/nos Ayrei Bonds :04i ClAllan Howl. Ditto Acct. :04 7 STOCKS YESTERDAY. Mexienn fonds Ditto Bond. 'IH2! ns 2 V 1/Itto . Acct.s2) II 2 la 21 4 eolnmbian Ditto Hon& '0424; 33 Prussian 1001144 'ink Ditto Acct. ___ Ditto Acct. :13 Greek Bond. Gat° Bond+ , ;1825) 121 Rurul:n Bond. 82j Spanish Dill.) Acct. - . -<- .... ja - z:...-.-"z% .. 4 . ...., ...,..,. _.:„____..„.. ~...„..i . , 4,.., t- . ..- . ~„.** ' r• .:,,,,-, .A.=. : ... 1. _...... Zile BrittOh Vreoo. d! ENGLISH OPERA HousE. This Evening, TUESDAY, September 12. will be presented the new Mtrocal Farce t • RrFoltE BREAKFAST The Chuactore by Mown. Alathews Bartley, W. !Sennett, J. Bland, and W. Clummatt ; and Mies Bolen. After which, ( RETNA GREEN. Mr. Jeuldne, Mr. Wrench ; Larder, Mr. Power; Betty Flntilidn, Alls Kelly. To conclude Kith JONATHAN IN ENGLAND. JonalltanW.Doublklua, Mr. Mathew.; Natty Larkspur, Mr.W.Chapman ; Agamemnon, Mr. Slotnan. The BRITISH Panes commenced publishing yesterday morning at five o'clock. LON DON, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 12, 1886. It is necessary to observe, that, in advocating freedom of trade, we do not by any means concur in opinion with those who think it will be found indispensable to withdraw ca pital from those species of kbour in which it is now em ployed. This might be desirable in some cases, where there is an obvious waste of human industry ; but we ad vocate freeuom of trade, and the full persuasion that the only efect of the removal of restrictions will be to induce our manufacturers and agriculturists to redouble their ex ertions, in order to rival foreigners both in the cheapness and quality of their produce. It is for this reason that we continue to insist upon the progressive advances to be ex pected from the improvements of science. We do not, and we never did, expect that exorbitant expectations and groundless panics might not follow the changes in our sys tem ; but we hope and trust that the people (for it depends on them, and not on the Government) will act in future with more caution and wisdom. If they draw the proper conclusion from our recent calamities, and do not listen to the opponents of Ministers, who will no doubt be ready to take advantage of an adven itious :circumstance to decry a system founded on the firmest basis of experience, we may hope in future to proceed smoothly in the career on which we have entered, and we shall soon reap the fruits of the patience with which our distresses have been borne. Our provincial contemporary of the Durham Advertiser has thought fit to attack the article on the shipping in terest, in which we combated the false positions of a writer in Blacl.•uood's Magazine for September. We are not in the habit of waging wart•of words, but we cannot refuse a few remarks on the assertions hazarded by the Journal to which we have alluded—especially as it gives us an oppor tunity of repelling the charge of inconsistency which has been brought against us. We must distinctly state that the British Press of the period to which the journalist al :Wes is not the British Press of the present moment. The change was announced to the public, and since that change we defy any journalist to point out any inconsistency in our politics. The Editor of the British Press at the period above mentioned is not its present Editor; and no incon sistency, therefore, can be brought home to any individual. It would be as just to accuse the present Ministers of in consistency, because they •do not adhere to all the opinions of their predecessors, as it is to accuse us for the faults of those who have gone before us. In an article for a Newspaper we are frequently obliged to contract our arguments—to give results often without rea sons—and to trust to the ingenuity of our readers to supply the more obvious links in the chain of demonstration. We are rest, ictcd from illustration and example; we are obliged to say the most in the least space, and to confide in the good sense of our readers to unravel our occasional intri cacies. If we estimate the intellect of some of our readers too highly—if we attempt to feed with strong meats these who are only fitted for children's food —we confess• that we err, and that we fail in one of the moat important objects of writing. But we hope that there are some minds which RAILIVA re.—We are convinced that the time must ar rive when railways must run parallel with, or supersede much of the present canal navigation. 'l' he drought of the prcrent summer has nearly dried up the Severn a little above Worcester bridge; of course, the co nveyance of goods from Stourport, Shropshire, &c. i s tot a lly i mpeded, and many merchants in this city, in the iron trade, &c. Bc. are suffering great loss and incoLvenience thereby.—Bristol %found. The author of Ilegli-ifos and 11ne-Ways has a tragedy at Drury-lane Theatre, which will be acted during the en suing season. Kean, on his return from America, will perform the principal character. D'Egville's journey to Paris, for the purpose of en gaging a Co? ps de Build for the next season, at the King s Theatre, has been stopped by a severe fit of the gout. Ile is now at Brighton, and will take his departure for the Continent in a few days. BIRMINGHAM Musics. r. FESTIVAL—The arrangarents for this splendid meeting, we understand, are completed, I and the scheme of the performances is expected to issue in the course of a few days. An outline of some of the prin cipal features has in the mean time been given to the public, and the extraordinary attractions it presents have already induced numerous applications for lodgings from all parts of the kingdom. It is most satisfactory to be enabled untier these circumstances to state from authority, that the inhabi tants of Birmingham are exerting themselves to provide the most ample accommodation for visitors, and upon terms that shall ensure a character for moderation. In proof of this we are positively assured, that the public Register of Lodgings, provided by the Committee, offers accommoda tion of every variety and extent at rates unusually low ; and that in addition, some of the principal hotels have announced their intention to receive families at a charge scarcely one half which it has for years been the practice to demand. An important advantage is also offered to visitors at the ensu ing meeting, by Mr. Beardsworth, of that town, who has most liberally tendered to the Committee gratuitous accom modation, at his spaci ous re p os it or y, f or an y number of private carriages for which standings may be required. •liica. •• e vallilitn ULU implore _ . as goon prizes, even n th ey 11110111t1 1101 nave been manutactureu m 1 —.a mmo .— great inconvenience thus occasioned to merchants, who are 'iIII, : in "lc cnh be tried, they hadnot been formin • t h e e nemy's country ; but nevertheless the vessels shall be permitted Our provincial contemporary of the Durham Advertiser disappointed in the means they had calculated upon to make that 1 experiments were to .I Charlie Keunble is returnee' to town - , after per g ' with great success in many of the provincial theatres. Ile tu proceed." attempted on vessels, for the employment of which there • In the original regulations of the Finch 31azine, in August, has thought fit to attack the article on the shipping in- payments, may be easily imagined. The New American did . pressing Ivital • nut exist so and a necessity. is at present occupied in preparing fur the ensuing cam- • paien at Covent-garden, where, assisted by the proles. 1661, the following article occurs I— terest, in which we combated the false positions of a writer Governments do not yet seem to understand the necessity ROTTERRA xi, Seer. s.—The news of the partial open- Pon al " Art 7. All ve.sel. which Arsil be found laden with goods be- . ..... „ e , . . , m of abstaining from all sudden and capricious changes in in 1107041100 a s maw: zinc for September. w e are not in ing of the English ports for corn has caused a general ad- sional talents of Charles Young, it is intended to revive in , longing to our enemies, and the merchandise 'if our subjects or s their commercial regulations. If freedom is the first thing 1 1 Lai 1 d wheat , the early part of the season, some favourite legitimate , I vance sere.. and no art e has mane more than elites, la an enemy's vessel, shall also be good ;wiles." . the habit of waging wars. of words, but we cannot refuse de sirable fot trade, *lefty of regreation is the secone.dramas, which fur .eve 1 have been laid upon the ;a years The undersigned has the honour to apyrize his Excellency the r although that species of grain is not at present admissible. 1 ehelf. ' i • a few remarks on the assertions hazarded by the Journal to We have received from Curacas the Culanihiana to the Rear.Adrniral that he does not transcribe the above Articles from ' 1 - t The rise was ss. per quarter, and prime wheats would now I ' . f I author of Ilielielta sand Ilee-We s has a treged •at re a „ .es . a( . )1 SI the French regulations, in order to serve as a rule.. as they neither which we have alluded—especially as it gives us an oppor- 13th July. It contains the decree of the &nate and are the law of the empire of Brasil, nor are my &mints like these • cost onboard , ship rem is.to s. quart er . - ll per The Drury lane Theatre, which will be acted during the en- tunny of repe ll ing the charge of inconsistency which has freight is 3s. by a emir vessel, 4s. by an English vessel •• • - • el • even by the laws of Fraece, the mention that the flag covered the been brought against us. We must distinctly state that tut . the preference, even at that rate, is given to the latter. and for assi • funds Ipublic for paying the assigning and revenues .perform the principal character. i 1 1 wale an enemy's cargo, not only took the cargo under the neutral c h ange was announced to the public, and since that change seem to be carefully concealed, and this circumstance has mendousduring tlofthe and • gales le greater part Theatre, has been stopped by a severe fit of theout. our politics. The Editor of the h e lli sh Press at the period ' 1 - 1 1 1 • 1 1 restrictions in use. They were transcribed simply to show that. cargo was untenable and in onler to show also that in dime time., in stitch the reins of Governnistt were in the band. of the legiti. the British Press of the period to whichthe journalist for funding the national debt, both foreign and domestic, ie al- interest thereof, and gradually extinguishing time capital . lure Sovereigns, teen a French privateer meeting neutral vessels lodes is not the British Press of the present moment. The The specific objects of the recent revolution in Venezuela nag, but even the neutral ve,tiels themselves were declared good rine. note of his Excellency the 'tear Admiral be a pert of the law or we defy any journalist to point out any inconsistency in inspired just uneasiness in the minds of those who favour- uen ed the measure, from the conviction that a federal form of s government was eest at.apteo to the permanent interests of Ihe Exchange has declined three groots to-day, in conse- DT •. - q ce of the grain shipments. .gville s journey to Paris, for the purpose of en- `gaginga CO? )4 de Ballet for the next season, at the king's Dever, SEPT. 9.—We have been visited by most tre- i li e i apprehended that we shall hearo f many serious tli Caen, has been lost in the river , but crew d the are save . is now at Brighton, amid will take his departure s " Continent in a few (lays. for the 1 . • From all this exposf, it follows. thst if this first rriociple of the Th e b' R I ' • - asters. le rig o rert, an English collier, bound to BIRMINGHAM Al este'', r. FESTIVAL.: The arrangcirents • rations, it was France that dismembered that law by the above- above mentioned is not its present Editor ; and no incon- the Republic. The Columbiana quotes from the Camana The remain spilot I.' of a roar, shis h hail six men on board, for this splendid meeting, we understand, are completed, mentioned regulation.. Indicadur del Orinoco, of the leth of June, the followingandthe scheme ofthe performancesis expected to issue in . sistency, therefore, can be brought home to any individual. have been washed ashore. Among our recent arrivals is a The treaty by which the opin:on of the Eesr-Admiral is torso . In- he course of a few days. An outline of some of the prin- paragraph, in reference to the resolutions passed in Va c borated, formed betweensh e powers of the North, in 1780- known It would be as just to accuse the present Ministers of in- • - •public, by the title of the Treaty of Armed Neutralitywithout doubt had eta on the 29th of April :—" We may assert, that even . .cipal feature's has in the mean time been given to the consistency, because they do not adhere to all the opinions sloop ID laden )(lay s of war .a Durance , with gyptian en- ter its object to agree upon the principle of the gen article by a now, in spite of the explanations given to us of this and ti • • for which have been guinea Government, collected by and the extraordinary attractions it presents have alread y convention, and to incorpora te it as maritime !ow ; yet it canrot be of their predecessors,' as it is to accuse us for the faults of subsequent events which have taken place in Caracas, ainduced numerous applications for lodgings from all parts 'drown that the powers o gn did not form a part of that league of the those who have gone before us. certain air of mystery is to be observed, and a veil is M ' CI ll'who 1 h• d , onsteur tempo ion, leas o tame touch celebrity of the kingdom. It is most satisfactory to be enabled under armed neutrality recognized it when peace was amcluded. notevith- b his researches ss an Egyptian anti be re- y s query. • standing that that was its object. Neither eta it be shown that in In an article for a Newspaper we are frequently obliged drawn over their mire character, which oug h t to moved for the satisfaction of allparties, inasmuch as the The Sclway steam-teasel was seized by the Preventive tants of Birmingham are exerting themselves to provide the the tan peace of Vienna, or i n th e Congresses w hi c h follow e d it to contract our arguments—to give results often without sea_ • • any indemnifications were granted for the merchandise in the re s . public tranquillity and repose demand it. This obscurit y Officers when about to sail from the mouth of our canal on most ample accommodation for visitors, and upon terms sels thus captured, though France never respected goods under sons—and to trust to the ingenuity of our readers to supply may indicate the 11 • d Ispirt which animate hypocrisy an bad Tuesday, fur having on board seven gallons of smuggled that shall ensure a character for moderation. In proof of neutral flags (sometimes as reprisals), nor even in the territory of the more obvious links in the chain of demonstration. We those who direct these events." The Columbiana has some whisky. Bond was given for her, and after some delay she this we are positively assured, that the public Register of neutral nailer% without its being possible in that case that e,ere _ ph in which it ex- was allowed to sail.—Kentlal Chronicle. ' d from andexample; obliged are rest, tete illustration Imelda he any question of reprl•als. C that so gre et aiyermity of tram.' on tills Prone prin. to say the most in the lea,' space, and to confide in the etple, ere t, witlenat scruple, MU it the law of convenience in. d d Bolivar's individual rive when railwa et must run ! parallel w*th that in addition some of the rind al hotels have announced _ , . an . conten s, that whatever maY ba ) I i ,or supersede r P P . sand otshe of nations. good sense dßeitißll4 . of our readers to unravel our • occasional int - plicifly urges the benefits of a federal form of governm en t, R. wAyß. —vv e are convinced that the time must ar- tion ofevery variety and extent at rates unusually low ; and ea opinions upon the subjeci r he will not disregard the gene- much of the present canal navigation. 'f he drought of their intention to receive families at a charge scarcely one- Aho Ie t that neutra l p ewe e s assisting in this way cacies . If we estimate the intellect of some of our readers ail voice of the people, ft cannot be long, now. before the prevent summer has nearly dried up the Severn a little half which it hasfor years been the practice to demand. An any t a w do e Powers, commits hostilities against the Mbar P se, by umintaininV i t=nrncrre, it enables bat- imussi +: too highly—ifattempt to feed with we - of course, the conveyance of important advantage is also offered to visitors at the cow be • and we shall learn, a b le , by the next arrivals from Car- goods from Stourport, Slitooshire, lire. is totally unpeded, ing meeting, by Mr. Deavdswarth, of that town, who has se soVoilho war ;or who is t h e am nr the ram who are only fitted for children's food —we confess that we ' ma am be dose Oiniumaiy lea Avert their cmoomotto P err, end that we fail in one of the most ice b• portant o act s rams, whether Pan and his confederates aim at separation, and many merchants in this city, ill the iron trade , & c. Bc. most liberally tendered to the Committee gratuitous accom- and tir pinion istapi IN Ms Ranower in rendered WPM and the consequently stobitous project of creciog an Jude- are suffering great loss amid iucoLveniehce thereby.—Bristo/ modation, at his spacious repository, for any number of riot the (tovere ffeeete r g as p adossa ti t prineipte—that dai fag of writing. But we hope that there are some minds which pendent state. Journal. private carriage's for which standings may be required. Is I `, I - --- -- -