The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1810-01-27 00:00:00

the failure of the expedition was such as I:rd for an inquiry ;• and it was ,but justice thiatiore, tw Vie iiiknisno!,*ol%, l4 , l to co untry at lajge,, that inquiry shmild brc ~,toted accordingly ;, am!, as mercy, was div i3„l, and even proof visitation, tiolitly dial vd, the ierutiny ,004,114 not be denied. It A dd, lir imagined, be necevsary for him to :unl it, the objections which would, prulial,ly, l ie to his motion, for he never recollected an 111 however plain the facts, or however obvious principle, to which some objection was not c a, and which some endeavour was not made to int, open the part of His Majesty's, Ministers 'Hear! hear .94.4 t way his iinalition, with this • of inquiry in view, to move fora Committee w hole Howie; and, he trusted, that, at such doe. and with so loud and just a cell uj on ~,e ss by their constituent+, and by the country at loge, tho would not be told that they ought to ' , legate it to a Select and Secret Committee ;- --(Hear heir!)—he hoped they would not be 'yiard to refer it, when they would proceed upon s garbled awe, the am of Ministere themselves.— / 1 keel hear!) In *Committee of the whole House, t hey would have• fair case, and might, if necessary, oral evidence; but, in a secret commitive, could not be done; in abort, every object of inquiry was likely to be defeated. V.'ith respect to the time, it might be asked, would they go into committee prematurely ? But this ohjection, if it was urged, wail shallow, and easily defeated. Ile lid pot mean to take them by surprise ; he did not tisk them to go into the question this night ; all he anent was, first to establish the tribunal, after which they might give their evidences/Hear! hear!) He meant that the House should pledge itself to go isto the inquiry early in the Session, and he was rinfirleat that every true friend to inquiry, every individual who did not wish to stifle and prevent it, would vote for such a pledge. The inquiry, for which he wished, was one that should put the Mi- Marrs on their trial ; not an inquiry in which they shueld try themselves, but iu which they should be tried by the country. The necessity for this, he thought sufficiently clear. It was necessary that we should truce the conduct by which we suf fered, to its author, that the author might he punished. It was necessary to observe the progress of that conduct, that • we might the more perfectly ascertain the means of extrication and relief. li they considered this campaign, con. meted with the whole, they would find it liable to the mine objections, and chargeable with the same imoolicy, which pernided every port of the conduct sf the sue. If they looked to the whole series of campaigns, they would hod every operation defi cient in judgment; every eflurt deficient in time and vigour; all serving no other purpose than to waste our strength, to exhaust our resources, awl ciliate our character. The lint object to which he called their attention was the Wel chem expedition ; because that failure was sfellitli in proportion as the 111911 , 11 s employed in it were larger than any other. If he could prove that it was, in every part, a departure from every military principle bitherto known and acted on ; surely no tenses could be too strong to apply to such conduct. Two alternatives presented them selves in estimating their conduct, if they had been uniformly successful in their eccentricities and de , Taboos, it might not be improper to consider them as lamineriess born to 'depart from rule, to shake prejetlice, and raise the character of Manion nu. tare; but if, upon the contrary, their era revs gamic' were marked with ruin, it was impossible but to conclude that t h ey were shallow-brained projectors, meriting contempt, yet entitled by the calamities they ocmisioued to s mixture of indigna tion. (Hear ! hoe) 1" e y had indeed set every pneriple of authority and operation of reason at defi.wee. Yet was the expedition a mattes of great Jay. The Sovereign proclaimed the glad tidings to the peopl e ; an d t h ey were called upon to rrjouw that a basin was blown up, or a Dutch dock didroyed by our armament.—(Hear! hear !) Such was the arfilevement, even according to our 011111 account. But what .lid the enemy say of it? lo what light had they sins presumption to put those edvantages ? They said, that the mischief we had done cou!d be repaired in a few months; but they hesitated to say whether it was the policy of France to take the trouble to do so.—(Hear ! hear !)—But was not the fall of Austria under the foot of the conqueror, without an effort upon the port of this country to avert her fate, sufficiept to outweigh the advantages arising from the de struction of an inferior arsenal, which the enemy did not think worth the trouble of repairing ? It would be necessary, in pursuit of the inquiry which he was recommending, to look to the ob jects of thole eccentric Millions the first was,, to aid Austria; the next to destroy the ship ping in the Scheldt. As to the first, it was no torious, for a year before the commaucement of hostilniee, that Austria was making prepense lions to resist the power of France ; yet, notwith standing all her preparations, Ministers acted as if they were ignorant or the fact, or careless of the result. Oa the 6th of July, the Conqueror of the World was obliged to act en the defensive ; but the battle of W agram extinguished all the hopes and expectatios which Europe began to f. On fedi of July the news or the Rimistice eet reached. the us. end on the 18th sailed the expeditions—Here omm , judgment ; here WAS consideration ; setting ell ex perience at defiance, the Rt. Hrei.-Gent. resolved to administer medicine to the dead. (A lastgA //re Why did they not• send them while events were doubtful, and to places where success would be af fire? It was said, that there was neither money s troops, nor transports; hut how could &hey say they had not, when they sent the expedition to the Seheldt. As to money, were the inhabitants of Germany or Italy like so many Jew* ? would no thing hut the hard specie content them, while Holland, according toils liberal notions, gave them Credit for a while T—IA &ask/. As to the arms , they were told that Sir Johu Moore's force was to for m the bisis of the expedition, but they were not fit for service till the 2eth ofJnly- That very army, whi,h was represented nut to have lost five thou mod niers, which was Said to hive carried away all its art 01. ry, all its cavalry, all its baggage, that very arniy, wilS not in a state to renew hostilities for " "altb. rifler. He was sorry to be obliged to I:;'e'eri'e• "filtinfiarntik between the conqueror of tamps aid the Goremaseet of ibis country; for it was unpleasant to be oblige() to notice his superi ority and their,deficiency. Soult, who was said to have had his army annihilated on the lath of May, to have lost all his baggage, and every-waggon use his train, that very General went into a hostile country, and, after taking the most circuitous route, had now assembled au army more formid able than ever in Plasenciay to contend with his conqueror. Here was` a decided proof of the contrast which existed between our government and that of our foe. It had been stated on a former night, and justly, that it was a charac teristic of William the Third to recover from de feat; it was al.° a characteristic of the great Fre deric ; but such iiistinices as these only served to aggravate our feelings, under the sufferings to which weak and ignorout counsels exposed us. As' to the transports, it was said they were at Lisbon ; but how came they to be sir Lisbon ? Why was it tl ght expedient that they should not return until the prosperity of Sir A. Wellesley , was ascer tained ? Why should they semi expeditions to such distant places, when nothing could be done by way of diversion ? Why should Ministers have neglected to acquaint themselves perfectly where so great an army was going, mud with what object, and why did they not adapt the time and place more happily to the object ? If the support of Austria was their design, could that be a place useful to such a purpose, when communication with those who supported that cause was impossible, and when it was impossible that a diveision could ex tend beyond the first cuap-de-maist? Let them consider whether it was not conducted in every part with the same departure from admitted There were two military principles, which every one must understand. The first was, that they should apply their main force to the great object the second, that they should endeavour to divide the forces of the enemy as much as possible, and concentrate mid combine their own. The Antra truce of these rules was the secret of the success of France, the neglect of them accounted equally for the failure of all the coalitions in which we had been engaged. (Pear . 1 . hear .7 Antwerp was one object of the expedition to the Scheldt, or why bring cavalry, &Lc.? Why then not proceed immediately after the attack of Flushing ? He did not know they would succeed in the attempt, but certainly they would go more in the way of success, by promptness than by delay. If they had done so, the enemy would not, perhaps. have occupied a situation, where it would employ double the num ber of our men to keep them in check. Any other Ministers would have tried the effect of decision and surprise, not the surprise upon which our Ministers speculated, a surprise after a mouth's notice. B it this wss Out all; any other Ministers would have known the situation of the country ; they would have known the hers likely to lie opposed to them ; in - short, they would have known, whether Antwerp, a place through which most of them had travelled, was a fortress or nut, instead of sending Lord Chatham, with an army of forty thousand men, to art the part of spies. —(Hear ! hear ! J—He was now d at the most calamitous topic; he could scarcely call it by airy other than a deliberate sacrifice of the flower of the army, knowing, as they must have known, that, at su c h a season, of the year. they must inevitably. and in gloriously per Mo. Why did they not countermand their tr oo p s whil e they were entire, irodettri of wait ing until after diatom hod depopulated their rants? Why was WA:herrn kept at spch an expense? as it that Au 41,41 iniglit be benefited? The works were to be etre healed. In order to make it a British position. But could it create (wart there any choice of its creatmg; such a diversion as would be service able to that cause ? would the cirriornstance of our having a garrison there induce the efierhy tullll4lllloll Anon's, for the purpose of making an attack. from the delay of which, for a few weeks longer, no great inconvenience or injury could result? was it for this purpose, and with this hope, that we should permit our army to be con)tumed away. Where nature sickened, and each gate was death !" and where there was neither prospect of advantage deer, nor hope of glory to console us? lie would now advert to another circumstance, which he did not consider in the mute criminal point of view ; that was the choice they had made of a Com. mender, in Lord Chatham. He did not condemn such a choice, when he contemplated the kinciof expedition over which he was set. If it had been good cause—a rational one, they would have been bound to select some hardy veteran 4. Wks Lad in camps and fighting fields bees bred," instead of haring spent his days amongst the gaieties of the nietropol s. But under all the circumstances of this experlitiof, and with the peculiar and dis graceful character of it before their eyes, what offi cer of character should they expose to a situation so degrading? This expedition was their own favour. ite inading, entitledio their own peculiar care, and *illy to he entrusted to one of themselves. (A laugh). There were many other circumstances, upon which be should not delayl; such as the want of medi cines. when the me n were perishing. Ile did not know it to ,be the (act; but it certainly was reported, aid- nothing but an inquiry before the House of Commons could ascertain its truth or falsehood. Quin Would be their toil, though they-should sit up night after niglitatia , ote stipplib, if it was thus they were to be squandered,;. if Ministers, who were in trusted so liberally and profusely with resources, should apply them to fill Op the sepulchres of Hot. torrid with our brave sirldiers. (Hoar/ neer!) They *ore the likiirel s on their brows ; but it was it barren laurel, doomed,-to blossom, but not to fructify. Idiom hear!) And when they saw all those things—when " they saw the eount7 dismayed, and the last hope of her alliereatinguished, would they be told that there was no prima fade eau. to . call for on inquiry: If ever there was a time when ..the voice of the people should be attended to. it was at the present awful crisis; the country had no longer any confidence in Ministeri--perlispa they had less confidence in the House, for hotting borne with Ministers so long. The House. he was persuad ed, would do its duty, and endeavour to recall, o hat it might have lost, of the affections of the people. The country was yet possesses) of means and spirit suffi cient to protect it from the strength of its enemies. and the impotence of its rulers. (Hear! hear!) Let them beware how they involve theinselvei and their country any -farther. Let them vote for in quiry ; in duinemehich, they would vote for the security of England, and the preservation of that vital spark. which might hereafter animate an at. Airing world. His of ject was to bring the question to this plain issue, would they grant topiary, or would they not? (Hear! hear!) He would now, therefore, ask the Right Honuurabh• Gentleman opposite. at whet period he could lay the papers before the House ? and, by his answer, would be regulated. Lim Lordship then moved. " That a Committee of the wnole House iiheuld be appoint ed to inquire into the conduct end policy of the late expedition to the Scheldt." Mr. Quart seconded the motion; and accused the Administration of negligence, in respect to the Eipaditioo to the Scheldt. They had sent trans ports without boats, and committed other blonder., by whiub the necessity landing on Cadsand was prevented. and 3000 of the enemy were enabled to get from thence into Flushing. He also took • short view of the military operations, and accused the General of ignorance ; ar an iosisoce of which, he noticed, that, in the maps gtveis out by his au* thority, a fortress was marked several miles welt of its real scite. The original policy of the Expetli ' bon embraced two points: first, our own individual interests ; and, secondly, a diversion in favour of Amami. The first required the destruction of Antwerp, the arsenals and basin at Flushing, and the ships of the hue in the Scheldt. In this we did not succeed. We had raniacked • few store houses, and strewed over a basin; but, as for the soap-de-Nenin against Antwerp, a place which had etologi-11 the peculiar cure of lionuparte fur several year, , , it was nut so ill provided as to be liable to be injured by any such attempt. The second object, of co-operation with Austria, could oily be maul by drawing off the ales inicoded to act against that power on the Danube. Now, from the dispotches of Lord Chatham, itappeared, that Antwerp was completely prepared for defence, and that an army of 35,000 men was drawn up under its walls. These men, be would say, were such as had never fired a musket, or charged a bayonet against Austria: They were artificers, and part of the people, !called to arms upon the emergency. Suit even if we had rucceihol it, our avowed object, what would have been the consequence? We should have entered a country bristled with fortress es, with the population, directed by one soul and mind, horde to us. He would enter into no further detail, and could see no objection to the motion of his Noble Friend, He had often seen, from the mode in which papers were produced, that they did not fu:ly illustrate the point under inquiry, and, Viertfore, would not trust to any papers for sa tisfaction on this important question. If it was ac knowledged that inquiry was necessary, Gentlemen on the other side would perhaps offer it of another kind from that now proposed. But, surely, the most full and rigid was necessary, and the Ilonse were not to be answered, as His Majesty had been advised to answer the Livery of London, that no inquiry was considered to be expedient. There was, prima facie, • greet and deplorable failure, upon which no miswer would satisfy them, but that which announced, that a comprehensive and scru pulous investigation of the causes of it would take pa d re. TN!' SPEAKER pet the question, and the gallery was ordered to he cleared ; when Mr. CROKEa said, he could see no opportunity for explaining the ground. on which lie would gite his vote this evening, where he could be less ac cused of presumption in addressing them, than now, when tfity were on the' point of dividing srfelsout any Gentleman's wishing to offer his oisinion. The speeches of the Noble Lori and the Hon. Gentle man who hurl preceded horn, though various and dissimilar in their topics, had this iu commou, that, an • supposition that iturviry bins necessary, and was refused, they witdied to °inflict a pledge fro.• the House to go into it. From what they hod said, it appeared to him, that oratory, like poetry, was the better for • little fielion—(a laugh).—They were now told, contrary to what had been asserted on a former night, that it was not to screen the General, but to screen Ministers, that Inquiry was resisted. Was it to screen those no longer in the Cabinet? —(Cheers fonts the Oppotition.)—lf those Gentlemen, who cheered, thought that there was no feeling of this kind, what then became of their scoffs respecting the union of these pastier? Ile declined entering jut° detail as to the reasons why the force employed was not sent to Italy or Germany. The Noble Lcrd had acted properly for himself, when he entered into statements from papers not produced, and called o• the /louse to decide ow these statements. He had not an equal confidence in himself, but would say, that, hsviog seen the papers, and, con sequently, being able to give as good ■n account of them, he could state, that the facts of the Noble Lord were either exaggerated or fallacious. There was nothing to rest upon but these assertions of the Noble Lord, to which he opposed assertion', entitled to equal credit. This was • good ground for the House not to vote for either, till, from the papers, they could judge on which side the troth lily. The Noble Lord had acted uncials. didly. in sedulously taking the dates of the bat tles of Aspern and Wagrain, and of the sail ing of the Espeditioo, when in fairness he ought t• have taken the date when the Intelligente of these battles was received in this conutry, and of the time when the Exifedition was ieady to sail, though p►evented for a fortnight by the *UM surf weather. The battle of Aspern, which was Sc. knowledged to have balanced the fate of Europe, was known in this country on the 7th of Juste, and, on the Rh, the Expedition was ordered.—(1-free hear 1--It might, from the cheer, be asked, why it was not prepared for before Hear I hear Because, when Ills Majesty had told them, ill his speech, that lie deprecated the war entered into by Anstria—(Hear ! hear ! I—At least that he did not excite it—(Hear! hear! )—lt would have Leen monstrous to have hero wasting money, and pro viding expeditions which wools, have encuuntged Austria to undertake a war. lie thought the No ble Lord had wandered out of his own plan, whir:. after profeesing that he would not eo Waleheren, lie bad proceeded 1014 1 1 am - or sue other quarter, from which Ire could raise a topic for declamation. It was one of those symptoms ot de cay end roiliest disease, tiotteed by a Ht. Hoot. Groh last night, (t lr. Yorke) that, whether a General acted with caution or spirit ; whether he tts,k an anxious rare of his army, or, in a ruble adtiatict for the accomplishment of a would awl ad, (pate object, overlooked petty risks and minor considcrae lions, still he was a subject for obloquy and re proach. In good old times. an Officer was upheld by the spirit of the country, and even his errors were looked on with an eye of favour. Now there was a melancholy reverse ; cad yet what Cetera! ever existed who had not been guilty of errors ? Here, alluding to some interruption given by Lord Porcheste r, Mr. Croker said, he had ever thought attention due to * Member, while delivering his opinion., end had paid attention to the Noble Lord while he spoke ; but the Noble Lord had now dis informed him from any similar obligation. Tile Noble Lord, in his Spanish campaign, in tirts.sing front his great source of information; the Monitertr, had stifled, that Soult, with his army, were at Pk. semi*. He merely stated this, to shew the fallacy of the Noble Lord's information, for the fret oar, Soult never did reach Plssentia, after being beaten on the Douro. He was Marshal Commander of that part of Spain, and the armies under Ney and Mortier were mentioned as port of his for , :e.— This, however, was extraneous to the question.— With respect to Waleheren, the arguments of the Honourable Seconder were at variance with those of the Noble Lord, though equally undeserving of credence. The papers might up wer every thing either had asserted. Nor could they say thin these pipers, promised by Hir Majesty, in his Speech, and considered by him us satisfactory, would not refute all their assumptions. Besides, the present motion had already been subrtsfitially negatived, and the House would vote in contradiction to their Molar opinion, merely from an alteration in form. fir did not say inquiry was not necessary, but their ought first to know the grounds on which they voted it, that they might at once decide on the proper mod?. If Ministers were wrong, then a Partici. mentary inquiry was most fit; and if the General was wrong, then a Court Martial, and not a Com mittee of the /louse, was the proper tribunal to which to send him for his trial. Of all the circuits. stances oh which to judge of th ese thi ngs , t h e y were yet ignorant. nod yet - thry were called on to choose a 'node of proceeding. not only the most in. jurions to public business, but the most subversive of public justice. / Hear! hear!) This, on a late occasion, he had heard acknowledged by Gentle men on both sides of the House. The Noble Lord had said, in the whole course of his argument., if they could be called in, which were mere aasemp tions, that he prejudged nothing; and this, after he had spent an hour and a half in lavishing every topic of censure and abuse that he could bring to gether. Yet he had asked the House, by their vote, to prejtidle, though he would not do so himself ; and declared those parts of his sentiments in a sub dued tune and accent, unlike those he wished to catch the public car. The speech of the Honour able Gentleman behind him was in direct opposi. lion to the motion he intended to support. The expedition did not fail from want of boats to land men at Outland, but from Calll , eo which no Ms- Mater could controul ; but it was not now the time to enter upon so premature a discussion. After the papers had been promised, they could not, without acting disrespectfully to Ma Majesty, do what would express a doubt of that promise bring ola. served. (Loud cries of Order !) It would be unfair to Minister. and Generale to prejudge their cases ; and it was nave 'suitable to require • pledge on a subject which. only 24 hours before, they had, in another form, negatived and disapproved. He wished aa be isodatstood as not at all oppoaing in. quiry. (Hear! from the Opposition) If he had not been able to make IMuself understood by these Gentlemen, nothing he could soy further would at tain his object; though he trusted there were per son. in the House who would judge of his intention. nut from what he said, b,:t what he meant. ( lewgh.r He concluded by moving the previous quedinn. The question being put— Mr. BATIII.IIIIIT seimadvertail, in painted terms, op 11:2 language and observations of the tut Speaker. He proved, that, though Ministers might have chosen the best Generale to lead their expedition., they hail mot chosen the Iwst ora tors to defend their caine. The Howourakile Gentlemin bad, in his opinion, unfairly charged the IN'uble Lard with imking false statements, and with prelude*: the question. But the Ho•uurable Gm:gleams had gone farther. He was but a you're. Member (Atha House, and bed endeavoured to ham. per their discussions, by using the sacred usurer of His Ma jesty—(Near! Hew !) It was the undoubted privilege of the House, without any char/specs being sheen to His Ma jesty, not only to examine the conduct of those to whom Int entrusted the executive government, Mu, if they thought fit, respectfully, to call upon His Majesty fur paper. they &curve' necessary fur their informal toir4iffear! Hear!)—. The Illoussurable Gentleman bad also observed, that it was not competent for them to vole for a question which had Men otherwise derided by a majority tin a fie mar 0 1 1 . 2 , •101.1. He (wild not subscribe to this doctrine ; sod, though he h a d been misunderstood by Gentlemen un Loth sides, he consi dered Mansell as free to give his vole, this night, as he had been on the former. He then gave his vole for the reasons he had stated, which appeared to him to be wised soul sufficiest. Yet a Geutlemau oat this side (the Opposi tion,) had afterwards told him, that his vote was in opposi tion to one he had Rivet' in a former session, and that hr wag not acquainted with Perhconfotery ter!ir.. He did Out wish to be acquaiated with tiny tar-fee ; he voted nu all urea- Mons as his conscience Metaled. He voted fur the Address, but nut against inquiry ; and he opposed the Anseadment, because it net reify <vetted inquiry, but stated what the re sult would be. The only ilitlereuee et opinion now was, whetbir they should at this moment pledge themselves to ea ter into an inquiry, or should wait till the promised papers should be produced. There wee then an end of all the ob jections egotism the spreads of the tioLle Lord, wish h went to establish pi...a Ade evideuee to prove the necessity fur monism to &Le resolution no r. ihe No ble Lord was plasm' in an aakward predicament ; fee if lie bad merely stated Me oliject, he .ouH base been answered, " nu have thew, sit erounsis why we should come to this decision ;" and alum be , liti state his grounds, be was accused by the -flotrourable Gentleman of gang into unfounded detail. The question, as it really stood, was a very fair one ' and proper for discussion. - Orem was a pre cedent is the case of the Spanish pyres, me which seta- Mau be Lad agreed, that it was rotor to wait fur their pro duct ion before they voted inquiry Otoesaary. Bat they were cot to look for preeedeuts, 1:,(1/!, question Mist stand on its own ground; and he thought if ever there was a time wheat iagmq .m called for it was new. (Hew! dear!) Th e Noble Lord, instead of bring blamed for overeating, ought to be thanked fur his csailour. He agreed with the Searle Lord, that it was not aereseary is press the mode of moony upon the House, but thsy owed it t o th e country to give a. to,dg, rh..t im . por) of som• kiud shored take place. It timid take plass in we say hot in a Committee, either of the whois tlimer, ei appointed ; and all that wag asked woe, that, le the manner ghat it may, the matter should he in.• toed It sae of uo consequence what the papers acre. as the Coinniit!cv seed Nast go ?either if they were eatisfau tery ; Lut, at al! events ' it was ilecewsaty to pledge Mess ick,' to the inquiry. 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