The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1825-08-29 00:00:00

ti, Lr int wM ,~r- bolt rile but Lin:T.:lir GLEANINGS. No. XLC. Heretofore, noblemen and gentlemen of fine estates had their heralds, who wore their coats of arms at Christmas and at other solemn times, and cried " Largesse" thrice. A neat-built chapel and a spacious hall were all the' roams of note ; the rest were small. At Tomarton, in G:ouceneribire, anciently the seat of the Rivers, is a dun geon 13 or 1 t feet deep; about four feet high are iron rings fastened in the wal l, which were probably to tie of. finding villans to. se all lords of manors had this power over their villans (or swage tenants), and had all of them, no doubt, such places for punishment. It is well known all castles had dungeons, and so, I believe, had monasteries; for they had often within them selves power of life and death. Mr. Dugilale told me, that about Henry / IL's time, the Pope gave a bull or patent to a company of Italian archi tects, to travel up and down Europe to build churches. In days of yore, Lords and Gentlemen lived in the coun try like petty Kings, had juror regalia belonging to Seig series. had castles and boroughs, had gallows within their liberties, where they could try, condemn, and execute ; never went to London but in 'Parliament timo, or once a rear to da their homage to the Ktng. They alway s ea t in their Gothic halls at the high table or °Thine (witich is a little roots at the upper end of the hall, where stands a table), with the folks at the side table. The meat was raved up by watch-words. Jacks are but of late inven tion ; the poor boys did turn the spits, and licked the drip ping for their pains. The beds of the men servants and teta:ncrs were in the hall, as now in the guard or privy (briber here. In the hall, mumming, and loaf-stealing, sad other Ciaistmas sporty were performed. The hearth was commonly in the inidtL.:, whence the wing, Rnund about nor coal fire. 'Every Baron and Gentleman of estate kept great horses fer men at arms; some had their armories sufficient to furnish out some hundreds of men. halls of the Justice of 'Peace were dreadful to iehold. The skreen was garnished with corslets and helmets, gaping with open mouths, with coats of mail, limners, pikes, halberts, brown bills, Welders. Public inns were rare; travellers were entertained at rzligions houses for Three days together, if occasion served The meetings of the gentry were not at taverns. but in the folds or forests, with their , liawks and hounds, and their laKle horns in silken hawiltyit s. in the last age every gentleman-like man kept a spar row-hawke, and a 'priest kept a hobby, as Dame Julien &niers teaches ns (who wrote a treatise on field sports in Relay V lib's time). I: was a diversion for young gentlemen to man sparrow hawks and tnorlines. Before the Reformation there were no poor's rates, the ebtritable doles given at the religious houses, and the church ale in every parish, did the business. In (very pixish there wa.t a church-house, to which be 1311ze'l spits, pots, &c. for dressing provision. here the Loulaccperi met, and were merry, and gave their charity. 'the young people came there too, and had dancing, bowl lac, shooting at butts, &c. Mr. A. Wood assures me th-re were few or no almshouses before the time of Henry VIII.; that at Oxon, opprsite Christ Chords, was one of the most ancient in England. la tray church was a poor's box, and the like at great lkforr the wake or feast of the dedication of the church, 0 1 , ,s sat there all night, fasting and praying, via. on the eve or :lie wake. la Ike Eater Holidays was the clerk's ale for his benefit, :nil the solace of the neighbourhood. In these times, besides the jollity' above-mentioned, they had their pilgrimages to several shrines, as to Walsingham, lantetburf, Glastonbury, Bromholm. &c. Then the trasatles to the holy Wall were magnificent and splendid, abil gave rise to tit' adventures of knights-errant anti ro ttances. 'file solemnity attending processions in and tirout churches, anti the perambulations in the fields, were .test diversions al-o of those times. Glum windows in churches and gentlemen's houses were 'el before the time of Henry VIII. In my own remelts lar.te before the civil wars, eopyholders and poor people hliame. In Hertfordshire, Monmouthshire, anti Salop, 'tuto still. About 90 years ago, noblemen's anti gentle coats were of the fashion of the beadles and viz e gben of the gu ar d, e. gathered at the middle. Belches in the Inns of Court yet retain this fashion in the cok e of their gowns. Ttain Sulu Taylor says, that in days of yore, when el teh was to he built, they watched and prayed on the ''S ll of the dtsliestion, and took that part of the horizon ' tete the sun arose for the east, which makes that varia ''', so that few stand true except those builtbetween the 43 er.tinoxe. I hlTe experimented some churches, and found the line ' lane to the horizon where the sun rises on the day of %iet to whom the church is dedicated. In Saxland, especially among the Highlanders, the inn make a curtsey to the new moon, and our Eng 'omen in this country have a touch of this—some of Ift astride on a gate or stile the first evening the appears, and say, " A fine moon, God bless like I observed in Hertfordshire. ma received the knowledge of husbandry from • The foot and the acre which We yet use is to them. In our West Country, and I be- North, they give no wages to the shepherd; Ile keeping of so many sheep with his master's hints at this in leis Asinsrian, iii. s. I, &c. ;ormans brought with them into England civility ing, which, though it wu Gothic, was yet mag- Upon any occasion of bustling in those days, Is sounded their trumpets, and summoned those tinder them. Old Sir iValter Long, of Draycot, t runlPeler i tode with thirty servants, and retainers; 11rATI; OF 31.1N14 - RTIT: ENGLAND, 16;11. 11031 • MS. Or AVIIIIEr . SI, IN lliZ •SUBIOLZ ssesErm. 'There were very few free schools in England before the it f iertnation. Youth were generally taught Latin in the lo oessteries ; and young women had their education not at Hackney as now (1678), but in the nunneries, where they !writ needle-work, confectionary, surgery, physic (apo g;:ecaries and surgeons being then rare), writing, drawing, & c . Old Jackquor, now living, has often veil from his itouse the nuns of St. Mary, Kingston, in Wilts, coining for d, i n to the ny mph hay with their rocks and wheels to S pin, sometimes to the number of 70 ; all whom were not Fu rs, but young girls sent there for education. Anciently, b e ige the Reformation, ordinary men's houses and copy balers, and the like, had no chimneys ; but flues like b uve r s holes ; some of 'cm were in Being when I was a boy. la the halls and parlours of great houses were wrote tea's of scriptures on the painted cloths. The Lawyers say, that before the time of Henry VIII. ore shall hardly find. an action on the case, as fur slander, &c.. once in a year; good note. Before the last civil wars, in gentlemen's houses, at Cullum', the first dish that was brought to table was a kur's head, with a lemon in his mouth. At Que:n's College, Oxon, they still retain this custom., ti.e bearer of it bringing it into the hall, singing to an old tat an old Latinrhyine, " Apri caput defero," &c. The first dish that was brought up to table on Easter do was a red herring riding away on horseback ; i. e. a herring ordered by the cook something after the likeness e/ a man on horseback pet in a corn sall+sil. The custom of eating a gammon of bacon at Easter {x::ichrs still kept up in many parts of England), was f , Jundel on this, via. to show their abhorrence of Judaism, at the solemn commemoration of the Lord's resurrection. The use of your !tumble tervanl came first into England on the ea sseiage of Queen Mary, daughter of-Henry IV. of France, which is derived from Nit,. tres humble serri tear. The usual salutation before that time was, God key) yes, G. be with you, and among the vulgar, How dos! do ? with a thump on the shoulder. Till this time the Court itself was unpolished and un mannered: King James's Court was so far from being civil to women, that the ladies, nay, the Queen herself, could hardly pass by the King's apartment without receiv ing same affront. At the parish priests' houses in France, especially in Languedoc, the table-cloths were on the board all the day Ling, and ready for what there was in the house to be put Clown, far strangers, travellers, friars, pilgrims ; so it Wag, I have beard my grandfather say, in his grandfather's __• _ _ II items eau sitting „moonsirs, • The 1 isop. The Lriton Z.. Rasmus. besn.q rot sen 1 th e esl bstio:kh.e has th tistu s , cons Th e of 1,1 b ci.tn gs 'orth, " 1 . o '" `Mc ; 41 heiti 1 td bence the Sheriff's trunnizts at • thii day. No yotinger brothers then were to betake themselves to trade, but were churchmen or retainers to great men. From the time of Erasmus to about twenty years last past, the learning was downright pedantry. The conver sation and habits of those times were as starcht as their bands and square beards, and gravity was then taken for wisdom. The Doctors in those days were but old boys, when quibbles passed for wit, even in their sermons. The gentry and citizens had little learning of any kind, and their way of breeding up their children was suitable to , the rest. They were as severe to their children as their schoolmasters, and their schoolmasters a 3 severe ss masters of the house of correction. The child perfectly loathed the sight of the parent as the slave his torture. Gentlemen of thirty or linty years old were to stand like mutes and ' fools bareheaded before their parents, and the daughters ; (well grown women) were to stand at the cupboard - side! during the whole time of the proud mother's visits, unless (as the fashion wa s ) l eave was d es i re d forsooth' that a ' cushion should be given them to kneel upon, brought them I by the serving-man after they had done sufficient penance in standing. The boys (I mean young fellows) bad their foreheads turned up, and stiffened with spittle ; they were to stand mannerly, for sooth, thus—the foretop ordered as before, with one hand on the bind-string, the other behind the breech. The gentlemen then had prodigious fans, as is to he seen in old pictures, like that instrument which is used to drive feathers; and it had a handle at least on half as long, with which their daughters oftentimes were corrected. • Sir Edward Coke. Lord Chief Justice, rode the circuit with such a fan ; Sir WM. llugdale told me he was an eye-witness of it. . _ The Earl of Manchester also used such a fan ; but the fathers and mothers slasht their daughters, in the time of their bosom discipline, when they were perfect women. At Oxford (and, I believe, also at Cambridge), the rod was .frequently tired by the tutors and deans; and D r . Potter, of trinity College, I kne* right well, whipt his pupil with his sword by his side, when he carne to take his leave of bim to go to the Inns of Court. - M . ll7CAli"Nl.i - Z: IXTRACT Or A LETTrIt rtiom ANOLZSIDE, SUNDAY, AUGUST 21. Storrs, the elegant mainsiOnOfKlr. Bolton, on the banks of Windermere, continues to be the centre of attraction to a numerous anti highly distinguished circle of visiters. Beneath this hospitable roof Mr. Canning has been for the last fortnight enjoying retirement from the fatigues of °thee, in the society of some of his most congenial friends; and the health of tire Right Hon. Secretary appears to have already received great improvement, from the pure and in vigorating air of Westmoreland. Scarcely a day has passed in which he has not been seen exploring some of the beauties of our scenery, either on horseback, or by water; nor can any thing exceed the enthusiasm which the kind and afrible demeanour of the great Statesman excites among all rank s of our population. Mr. Bolton 's party istoreceivea splen did addition to-day, in the person of Sir Waite Scott. who has been traversing Wales and the Lake country, on his return from Ireland. The celebrated Baronet arrived two days ago at Elleray, the attrnmer residence of Professor Wilson, and, to-day, he anti hi.= party, it is understood, remove from thence to Storrs. To-morrow there is to be a proces sion of boats anti a regatta on the lake, in honour of the greatest Statesman and tire greatest Poet of the age, thus happily thrown together amidst scenes of unrivalled beauty and magnificence. The party at Storrs includes, besides the illustrious persons already mentioned, Mrs. Canning, Lord sand Lady Frederick Bentinck, Mr. Charles Ellis, M. P.. his son, Captain Ellis, Professor anti Mrs. Wilson, Mr. Denison, M. l'.. Miss Scott, of Abbotsford, Miss Murray, Misi Stainforth, Mr. Wordsworth, the Honour able William llarvey, secretary to Mr. Canning, Mr. Lockhart, Mt. &11, of the Chancery Bar, Sir James and Lady Graham, Mr. Scarlett, &c. all of whom are expected to be on the lake to-morrow. The weather is delightful, and every ian in this neighbourhood is crowded with tourists. Monday, Aug. 22. About noon to-day oar lake began to exhibit sympLans of gayety much surpassing any thing that has been wit. nessed fiere during the lapse of matq' years. About thirty boats, sailing and towing, mustered in the bay of lowness, and the command being taken by l'ssifessor Wilson, they proeeded in line to Storrs, where Mrs. Bolton, and her distinguished party, were ready to join the fleet in her splendid barge. the Secretary for Foreign Affairs was hailed by a universal burst of cheering, nor was the recep • tion of the Great Northern Genius less enthusiastic. As the flotilla entered lowness llay, the church bells rang a loyful peal, and the firing of cannon from shore and on the ake awoke the mountain echoes. Mr. Canning and Sir Walter Scott sat opposite to each other in the barge, and, the variety of evolutions performed by the flotilla gave op portunity to many hundred eager eyes to catch a glimpse of the illustrious strangers. the spectacle altogether was most beautiful, and possessed an indescribable charm over the feelings and imagination. In the course of an hour almost every. boat QII the lake had joined this unexpected regatta, and on Mrs. Bolton's barge taking final farewell of the festivities, nine cheers were given, in good nautical style, by the whole fleet. Sir Walter Scott, it is said, leaves our lake to-morrow, in company with our own celebrated poet, Mr. Wonlsworth, for Keswick, on a visit to Mr. Southey s Mr. Canning remains for a fortnight longer at Storrs. _ _ There arc rumours of extraordinary disappointments in the Opera House administration for neat season ; for although Mr. Ebers has booked Velluti and Pasta, the rest of their generation are booked for another quarter of the globe. The whole Italian company, tempted by the mu nificent offers of Mr. Price, the proprietor of the American theatres, are to cross the Atlantic; the recompence gua ranteed is immense, but we have little doubt that the Ame ricans will duly appreciate the national spirit of their enter prising countryman, sod reward his efforts to introduce to their notice a new source of amusement and pleasure. The Committee of the Stock Exchange have expelled one of their members, Mr. Edward Josephs, for improper con duct in some transactions connected with " The Lower Rhine Steam Navigation Company." It will be reedit eted that some of the Bears who bad sold more shares of the Lower Rhine Company than they were able to deliver, con ccrted a new scheme with a similar name, and attempted to dispose of the shares as being those of the original un dertaking. Mr. Josephs having been concerned in offering thoae shares, which appeared to have been brought forward in the first Instance by a Mr. Back, has drawn upon him self the indignation of the Stock Exchange, and his expul sion has been publicly declared by that body. EXTMAORDINAIti rIiENOMENON.—One day, during the late hnt weather, several acres of land, the property of G. Iloreham, Esq., at Haverhill, Suffolk, were suddenly covered by myriads of small snails, with beautifully varie gated shells. The circumstance is the more singular from their being unaccompanied by rain on their arrival. The land is still covered with them, and in many places six inches thick. ' ----- ArGr ST 2.1.—0 n Monday last a fire broke out in a cottage at Trent, in the occupation of Thomas Martin. The house was enveloped in flames before the inmates (consisting of Martin, his wife, each of them between so and 90 years of age, and confined to their bed, and a blind son of the age of 3.5) became aware 1 1 of their dreadful situation; and had it not been for the humane and timely assistance of a gentleman accidentally passing at the time, who removed them into the road just before the roof fell in, they must inevitably have perished in the burning ruins. WONDEIFUL Esc err.—On Saturday evening, about tlx o'clock, the passenger‘ in Fleet Market, mid the lower end of Fleet-street, were, for a few minutes, thrown into the greatest con. sternation owing to the following circumstance. The driver of one of the Brighton coaches took his vehicle and a pair of horses to set down some passengers in a distant part of the town from the inn where the coach drives to. At the northern extremity of Fleet Market the coachman had occasion to slight from kill box, but be fore he could mount it again the horses ran off at full speed in the direction of the Bolt.in-run. Notwithstanding they had to pass and approach several wheeled carriages, they dexterously avoided coming into contact with any of them. When they turned the cor ner of the market they if possible mended their pace, and ran up Fieet.street, between two lines of carriages. At this moment there was a complete blockade opposite Shoe.iane. anti the consequence must have been dreadful but for the spirited conduct of a young 1 1 man who darted between the coaches, and caught the rein of tie near horse, and, after a hard struggle, arrested his progress, nearly I opposite the Morning Advertiser office, where the coachman soon arrived In a state of breathless anxiety. Fortunately there was not • either within or outaide the coach, and, providentially, neither t vehicle, horses or any person, sustained the slightest Injury, notwithstanding the attests were very much crowded. 31.4XVFACTUIZE. . (From theScotsmen] Ac ;dental circumstances lately called our attention to some facts connected with the history of the shawl manu facture, a short statement of which our readers may consi der Lot without interest. ll'e need scarcely state that this ales of manufacture has risen almost from nothing within the last 30 )ears, and that fittle mare than 20 years have passed since it was establia.cd in this city, may now be considered as the chief seat of the Angst, though ' not the most exteraive branch of the manufacture. Shawls were originally made in the fist Indies, and they exhibit curious example of the high perfection to which sonic single species of manufacture may be carried in a minty I where the Arts in general are in a rude state. Sa highly are these India shawls prized in this country that they fetch a ,rice of Mt. 200'. or even 6004 while the best of those of domestic manufacture can be had for V/. him 30/. But what males the preference hliown to the foreign article the more surprising is, that no smao, propor tion of the India shawls brought to Britain have been worn by the natives as turbans, girdles, &c. befdre they were imported. This is no keeret among dealers, for the marks of wearing are often =Rifest to an experienced eye, in the discoloration or roughening of the surface, the attenuation of the fabric at particular places, and now and then in actual rents and holes. Strange as it may , seem, there fore, it is literally true, that our wealthy and titled dames are content to array themselves in the cast clothes of our E stern subjects, which vestments, notwithstanding, have no small intrinsic value ! There are two substances of which the body or fabric of fine shawls is made—silk and wool. Silk has generally been employed in Britain; but the Hindoos use an ex- tremely tine wool, and from the use of this material the Indian shawls derive much of their superiority. First, it gives them an exquisite softness and warmth, to which it is impossible to approach when the fabric is chiefly silk. Secondly, the fine wool takes* Wiener getout thou silk, and keeps it incomparably better. Thirdly, the woollen fabric has an advantage which is perfectly understood the ladies—its folds dispose themselves in more graceful and flowing lines, and of course it affords a finer drapery to the figure. With regard to the patterns, it must he admitted, that till we have discovered the mode of working the figure practised by the Indians, and till our weavers can subsist on twopence a day, and spend three or four years labour on a single shawl, we shall scarcely be able to rival them. In the brightness of the dyes we already sur pass the Ilindoos, and the figures on their inferior shawls which are sewed in or embroidered, are not nearly equal to the best of those which we execute in the loom; but in the finest of the India shawls, the figures are wove in a manner which we cannot perfectly imitate; and of which our weavers only comprehend enough to perceive, that it must be extremely laborious, and infinitely tedious. In deed it is certain, that even the smallest compartment of the figure must be worked on the principle on which we work an entire web—that the weft must be turned at each mar gin of the compartment, though it should be but a tenth of an inch in breadth. The best Idea we can form-of the process, may be derived from the mode of laying in the figures of tapestry ; and hence, too, the Indian mode of ' working enables them to sink the ground of the web more completely, and to exhibit the colours of the pattern in a more unmixed state than we possibly can. It is remarkable, too, that long practice has taught them tocambinetheir colours with singular harmony, and to diversify their designs without falling into extravagance or incongruity, to such a degree, that the British manufacturer, with all his skill, finds it the best policy to copy their patterns, because he can seldom invent any thing better himself. In the execution of the figures, however, our manu facturers have made great progress within the last ten years, and this is not now the department in which their work has been felt to be most deficient. Latterly their leading object has been to rival the Indians in the fabric or basis of the web. Organzine silk was the material originally em ployed for warp, and upon this a weft of wool and silk, or of various mixtures of the two substances, was thrown in. This was succeeded about 1100 or ISOS by spun silk, that is, thewaste of Italian silk chopped into short lengths, and worked upon the same principle as wool or cotton—a pro ems long kept secret, but now well known. It was made to resemble the Indian yarn veil elosely, and was deserv edly considered a great improvement, though it still wanted thetest properties of fine wool. Sonic years afteiwards another step was made towards the introduction of the pro per inatetial, by preparing a weft of silk and Merino wool, which received the name of Persian yarn. This still con tinues partially in use. At length, about three years ago, an attempt was made to make the fabric of wool entirely. To the substance employed the name of Van Diemen 's Land, or Indian, or Thibet wool was given, though in rea lity it consisted merely of picked quantities taken from picked Saxon or English fleeces. Of this a fabric was made which surpassed those previously used, but it was still deficient in the exquisite softness and warmth which the Indian wool possesses, and, what was not of less im portance, no figure could be worked in upon it with ac curacy and beauty. British enterprise, however, is not easily discouraged. Inquiries were set on foot in the East; and specimens of the actual material used in the fabri cation of the very finest shawls were brought home. It was found to consist of the undergrowth of wool of the Thibet goat or the down growing beneath the long rough hairs which form the exterior covering of the animal. It was found too that the article, though very expensive, could be procured in considerable quantities.. But a new diffi culty presented itself—this down was so extremly tender, that the most expert spinners in England despaired of forming it into a thread of sufficient tenacity to bear the operatiot; of the loom. The practical skill and invention of our artisans is, however, inexhaustible; and, we veribly believe, that if it were required to convert spiders' webs into cables, they would find means to accom plish it. An English spinner discovered a process by which he was able to form a very delicate yet firm and durable thread out of this soft material, anti, according to custom, he secured his invention by a patent. Some farther difficulties remained, but not of very great mag nitude. Our manufacturers had some advantages before, which the natives of the East wanted, and having now the material in their hands which gave the others their chief superiority, they were in a condition to unite every possible excellence in their workmanship. We think we may safely say that this has been attained. We have seen shawls of the new fabric made by our townsmen, Gibb and MiDonald (who hold the first rank we believe in this branch of manufacture) quite admirable in point of soft ness, delicacy of texture, and Mildness of colour, and 1 1 which, we have been assured by adequate judges, rival the [ India shawls in these, and, indeed, in all the }calling quali ties for which the latter are prized. Some sureriority the Indians have still in their patterns, from the tedious process they employ; but this will be confined to shawls of the very first class. In the others we already equal or surpass them, and future improvements will probably leave us little to desire on this held. To those who know how much our manufactures contribute to our national wealth, we need scarcely say, that the successful establishmern of a branch of industry like this, is really an object of national importance. India muslin, have been already superseded I by the skill of our artisans; and it is probable that India shawls are destined soon to share the same fate. Custom may keep up the old predilection for a time; hut self-in terest will teach the people to save the two or three hundred pounds pounds paid for an India shawl, when they can have one for ten, twenty, or thirty, so closely re sembling the other in fabric and appearance, that only the practised eye of a dealer can detect the difference. Thirty years ago there was not a single shawl made in Edinburgh, and the number made in Britain was absolutely trifling. At this day, shawls are matte to the value of a million sterling annually at least, and the Manufacture now forms a leading branch of our national industry. iOn Monday a porpoise was shot off Millport,and brought on shore. It was pure white, a colour which the oldest fishers alive never recollect to have seen before in that fish. —Glasgow Chtonirle. There is now on the land of Mr. George, of the Three ('berry Trees Farm, on the manor of Lord Verulam, near St. Alban's, among a covey of partridges, a speckled chicken, which appears as void as any of the former birds. It is undersuxxl to have proceeded from an egg dropped into the partridge's nest by a domestic ben. Such incidents it seems, are not uncommon. There is at present at West cott, Bucks, among a covey of partridges, a pheasant which has been hatched with the other birds. DrsrnucrrrE.-Frnr Lrrr:arooL. .31 - AFAL MOVENEN'TS.' —molls.-_ (From the Li vcrpoci Nistardny's cfdrertistAr.) , . Captain G. iVnecombe, or. " Yestertliy morning, about that o'clock, a destructibe l e i,, °t P uede?. het the Victor ilimP , fire broke out in the building-Yards beyond the Brunswick ' from Accra i om s nine ire:lt r s. A A r t ie l l. ccra h4v gf 4.7,,,,non'''',,l'e'er'etr.",,`lr .mblixedc, Dock.. There are five buiiding-yards together th ere; the with the excepti on o f t h e Swinger , which had been despatched to fire broke nut in that one nearest the south ; and as a consi- iSi'n's 'Leone tilt dip. before the' Buller continuedto enjoy good heel* s the crew of the Athvl had Victor sacred. corun.odore derible breeze was blowlrt from that point, in less than an ep. I n tn ti r n a l t e lierrickly.-abreebad died, and upwards of 30 were ill at hour the whole of the wood in the y ards (with the exc tion of the northern one, nearest to the dock) Was in flames. i East Indies. The w'rhuendu troo st aon on tah4at ttrotis ern ab d ip in was ai t i n pro ,f ee i ll o te ni t e he Five vessels that were in progress of building, more or less taken to .Sierra Irene by the Thesis, only y or g e rem f aireo when th e advanced, were consumed : one, a steam-vessel, was nearly , Victor sailed, and but 60 were living ~f the reinforcement of 700, ready fo • launching; enoth er , a s hi p o f 4 00 tons burden, i a which aecompaoied Majon.General Turner, when he went to was tittle less forward. in two hours thewholeproerty t7as , n tu h ni nn e th t r ie government of the colony. Ar. Anttrican ship. fell in destroyed, and the fire sunk to the embers. The w tole pro- !saik.l from alllefrattfluyr,dinef.teined Coast o f f ri t y r ictor that the luny, perty being wood, caught fire with the greatest rapidity, and 1 the Diamond and Phaeton were at that island on the r l h st e fl u tlTelu a l l y. was destroyed immediately. Fortunately, in the yard next i Lieutenant G. Kneeshaw, agent, on board the frindsbury trawl. port, died at Si erra Leon; and also Lientenant Clerksoo, con",.to the Brunswick D oc k, no vesse l was on t h e stoc k s : f ? y reason of that the fire did not catch upon that ard.i pointe d mandiiigtothetgewiqgar gun-brig. L.eutenar.t Pimgdestre was sp. Had it done so, the vessels in the dock could hardly have 'elided. and Mr. wi fi tr at : A, Li n ere t r i t in int ll C a lin, of the Athol, ih. escaped, and the destruction of property might have been acting Lieu,terant in his worn. Alin. Retairgi * llrast:f• p rrt t l7l immense ; as It is, they loosely reckon the loss to aree•ont ft thol • catne home in the Victor as an iovalid, the vacancy to forty or fifty thousand pounds. A distressing loss has ' shi p ' I been filled by the second master of the same Watson. Royal Rlarires, of the also been experienced in the books of three of the proprie- I Athol ; ; ;% t i ell ,.. t r i t u a l * Junes g a f in . , gunner, and A M Rankin, R j a c n i l f sin, surgeon, of o the tors, which could not be saved frons the flames. An engine ! Alaidstone. have got down to the yards before the destruction was cemplete, iot the Victor, removed to the Alaidstene . , ard er kr. a el t . in tio s n u o r ghu n i.. but the tide being at lowest ebb, little water could be . appointed to the Victor. Captain Barrillieur. a the Royal Africa n . obtained, and the service of the engine consequently was ! k?i rp ro .. :. an d Commandant at Accra, died a few days before the I t t 'ot succeed e C. , iNt ai n Kingston. of the same corps, very little. The scene of the conflagration yesterday was had ler?en ap t po le in c t7l Lieut. G. B. Isaac , i acting in striking, from the literal annihilation of the property which the Victor, has been conlfine e si i."1!..i „i ty pp ;o : ,. .tment. she T w lThe Victor is presented itself ; some heaps of smoking ashes and a few !refitting in the harbaur, and then tea s proceed half-contiutned planks were all that indicated the spot where, I to Plymouth, to complete her term of service on the home station, a few hours before, active industry had toiled in the fabrics- Bi Th Watspite is tinting for the fl ig M Rear-Admiral down lion of the Solid and valuable instruments of commerce. isio p o i e n g , e ,r e . ' o apt i V " ;118 t ! , ,7 fauowii, 4 officers have been ap , suspicion is entertained of any one's having kindled the fire 111'm. Cuppage , trederickl7hackalvl a i ii . , : l e l i t.s.F.AH erbert , Reastus Dr.A r.ipct. by desi*n ; negligence must be presumed, but nothing else. : :Niel', surgeon, G. T. Mokey, M.D. and Mr. James Booth, assist- It is said that one man was seen to be overwhelmed by the i ant eurgeoas. Major Dun ce , of the Royal M ar in es , will a l so ern .' Sall of the burning frame of one of th e vessels that was I bark inher, ~ on the stocks; no assistance could be rendered him, and i Ma, C aptain Ir ) C i l i zs.. , Sullitr, Bart. has just tommissioned his L er i r d to t n i l l t e he Ittirg d ar , U 3 s er eeee have be tit( qoursuperialleol. 'I he eioeke were only insured to a , been pile!' re l y I . VOnl ea Wie t A 4 'trivial amount. It is singular that `several of these' are fitting for the Sussek coast blockade. Pee 211 . 1-bnal builders, proprietors of the yards, were enjoying, the I The Surley cutter is ordered totonvey -100,00 W. in sr.vet from the Tower to Dublin.. night before, the festivity of the Mayor's thble, little I dreaming of the serious injury which impended over theTth T o weed arrived on Thitrsday, 'fl: the purpose of conveying Peed of Nova Scotus and family to Haltfix.—ilentedites them?' I Cinerick. Our correspondent acids, that the loss by this fire is esti mated at 40,000/., of which only about • 5,0001. worth is insured. Another fire took place on Saturday, about noon, in the soapery of Mr. Airey, in Dale-street, bin it was put out without material injury, it only having eommenced in a shed. RUMOURED MURDER ON ITHADDON CIL4S'E. Some circumstances took place the beginning of this month which gave rise to an apprehension that iVhaddou Chase had become the scene of another murder. On in quiry, however, we are glad to learn that the apprehension appears to be unfounded. The following are stated by a respectable correspondent in that vicinity to have been the facts in which the suspicion originated:— " A young man of the name of Hendon, who has been in the constant habit of travelling this neighbourhood for the last few years with haberdashery goods, of rather dis sipated turn, but of most respectable connexions in Ox fordshire, from being unable to pay for his license on the day required, sunk into despondency, purchased a pen knife, and after he had retired (as was supposed) t rest, endeavoured to put an end to his existence. His not ris ing Sn the morning excited suspicion, when he was found nearly enveloped in blood. livery assistance was imme diately rendered, and by the kind attention of the parish officers, &e. and Mr. and Mrs. Mayne, of the Windmill Inn, Winslow, where he lodged, he has been so far re covered as by his own request to be removed to a friend's house at Brackley. The above occurred August 6th. " About the same time, a travelling tea-hawker, of the name of Shaw, was missing in his usual rounds ; and the circumstance of an empty case (or bag), supposed to be his, being found under an arch near a pond in the vicinity, led to the supposition that he was murdered or drowned. The pond was dragged, but nothing further has been found. " Busy rumour soon connected the absence of the tea man with the rireunistance above stated; and it has been further said, that they were both last seen in company with each other, For these rumours there appears not the least foundation ; and It is nadir to create an alarm in a neighbourhood rendered already too notorious, and equally unjust to place suspicion on the above certaiey imprudent, but unfortunate young man. " If my information is correct, Shaw is sometimes af fected in his intellects, and has before been missing for some time.".-11secks Chmnicle. " A person in this town, an acquaintance of Shaw's, has received a letter from him, dated Cork (Ireland), in which he states, that owing to his being in arrear with his mer chant, and his refusal to supply him with more goods, it was his' intention to immediately sail for America. - - Northampton Mercury LIVERPOOL, PIuDIYETZ =NO. Wind Witter, 13 m. p 10. Arrived the Selma. Longtield, from New York ; Hibernia, Green, from Montreal.; Earl Alisira, Allison. and Sister., Reed, front Alexandria and Milford; Hope, Ilorbartt, from London. Sailed the Torrington, Harrison, for Cape de Verde ; Jane, Tucker, !or IViamkset (not having got away yesterday); Lalla Rookh, Jonas, lfor Dlinunichi ; Promise. Sloan, and Horatio, Spuks, fir 'Quebec; Mary Ann, O'Donnell, for Ballyrain. SAT LTRDAt. . Wind S.B..fligh %%liter, 35 m. D. O. . Arriced the 'Comet, Lewis'', from Balling ; Neadie, Lionhardt, from Boothe._ Sailed she Bolus, Stealing, for ban t zi c Amend, An nett, fueSainore; Barnet, Sibson. for New Bruroviick ; CO-. • men, Harem, for Oporto ; Nymph, Yoward, and Richard Sands, i Owen, for Quebec ; Dian [, March, for Adra Carl Frederick * , Dante, and Vrow Anna, Koster, for Antwerp ; Amelia. Orem. menga, for Elsinore ; Matild a , B u ll ey , for Mirainichi ; Reber* ltr•Williato, Wilkinson, for Virginia. The sales of B. P. Sugar have been about 930 ads. steads+ prices; but the demand has been leas animated far the lay: two days; nothing done in India, II avannah, or Brazil sugar. About 300 casks Demerara and St. Vincent Molasses have been disposed of at 345. for the former, end 38s. for the latter. The Rum market has been steady for some time, about 200 puncheons of Jamaica, late arrived and of good nuality, sold at 2s. 3d. and 2s. 4d. per gallon, for 10 O. P. On Thursday, about 450 casks, and 300 bags Demerara Coffee, were (Alerted at public sale ; but all withdrawn except 50 casks of middling, which sold at 78s. per cwt., and 110 casks Jamaica at steady prices ; 2,100 bags Cuba and Laguayr3 Coffee were offered at tame time. alai 200 bags Cuba scold at 635. and 1.300 bags Laguayra at 595. a 604. 3d. 110 bags Barbadona Ginger at 3/. 10s. a 51. 13s. ; and 15 brls. Jamaica at W. per tit. Nothing done in Pimento. 130 bags Para Cocoa at 40s. per cwt. le Dyewood, 130 tons Campeachy Logwood sold at 81. a 81. 6.; ' 15 todaSt. Lucia at 61. 17s. ed. a 7/. ; 10 tons Cuba Fcstic at 111:.; 10 , tons Spanish at 71; and 18 tons goad Brain at 8/. 55.; and 19 tons small Nicaragua wood at 16/. per ton. The demand for Ashes is go 4 , 700 brls. Montreal Pots sold at 295. a 295. 3d. for old, and 30s. a 30s. lid. for new; 500 barrels Pearl at a 325. 9d. No sales in States Pots, and only 90 barrels Pearl sold at 325. a 335.: 2,204 barrels Carolina Tar at 17 ; and 1,700 barrels Stockholm at ;ss. • 750 barrels Turpentine at 10s. 3d. per cwt. ; 90 tie7res Rice st_lBl. a 21s. The t...otton market hat been dull during this Week, aril the prices have generally declined above Id., and Inferior Boweds are offered at id. lower than the pabltelllgeg of the 12. h inst. IVititift the last two days a demand for expOrt has shown itself; and 2000 bales have been taken at Bld. a tlid. for Alabama up to 10d. for fair Bowed, the duty to be deducted. The de man d t ot t h e tra d e seems improving. The other sales of the week were 2:40 bap Upland treot•gis at 7itl. a 101c1; 2000 New Orleans, at ltd. a I*. ; 600 Alabama, at 74'. a Mid.: 100 Sea Island, at Is. lid. a 211. sd. Ito stained do. 11d.; 17U0 yernambuco, at Ind. a 13id : 1200 at 12d. a 121 d.; MO Bahia, at 12d. ri 13d. ; 550 Minas Novas a !Lid.; Egypthunt, at 110. a n o . ;40 Demerara, la 121 d.; 15 Ilarbadoes, a 11.11 d..• 160 Surat, at bd. a 04. ; 10 BillB 3 lll, at 61d. Makings total of 11,900 bads. Brimstone in tair request, 42 tons Steily sold at 8/. 15s. a 9/. 54.:. 40 sons of Tuscan elf the Quay at 101. Olive 081,30 tons Ballis poll sold at 42!. b. , . • and al tons Sicily and Levant at 401. Su- . mach. Verona, at 1 11.1. ; and 64 bags Malaga at 18s, ; Saltpetre , teady, 845 bags and li boxes at 24e. lid. a 269. fad. Very little doing in Tobacco except small parcels for Ireland. IVheat lower. Some cargoes of new 'Wheat have arrived from Ireland, the quality' of sonic very good, others ordinary. IMPORTED IN LIVERPOOL 29T11 A :XIII Ai GEST 'NELL:MI - 4, Sugar . 629 hhds. Quercitron Bark - 20 hhds. Ditto . . 3$ trs. 41 bales Molasses . 187 puns. Madder . _ .t( 2 9 ,2 casks Ashy . . 193 Wis. Cotton West India 14 bats bogwood - - 154 toss. Egyptian 1.926 Tallow • 245 casks New Orleans 69i; Flour . • . 1.21h1 brls. Other Ann- 1 s 4312 Turpentine . 3,567 bag. I rieans - J Tar - - - 61.12 brig. Europe - 908 1.12 dry Uides " ' 1 816 salted SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. 7,350 baler CUSTOMHOUSE, Aro lrsT 2s. SHIPS ENTERED INWARDS.—The Fame, Hatfield, from Item. burgh ; Twee Jonkeronwen, Vander Zee, from Worcum ; Aurora. Schroeder,, from Dantric ; Viseounte.* Downe, Arnold, from Ilamburgh ; Maria Johanna Elizabeth, Bockhout, from Antwerv. ENTERED OUTWARDS.—Kitty, Cole, for St. Petersburg!' ; Ossian, Mills, for Grand Canary • Albion, Proctor, for Van Diemen's Land and New South 1% ales ; Two Bmthers, Holseu, for Ilamburgh ; Carl, Hammer, for Elainore and Dantzic t Gar land Grove, Pengelly. for Jamaica; London, Turner, for ditto; Clydesdale, Rose, for Teneriffe, Madre., and Bengal; Friendship. Fry, for D ublin ; Tule, White, for Malta, S.nyrna, and Conatan ! tinople. CLEARED OUTWARDS FINALLY AT ORAVESEND.—The Brothers, ifendenon. for Gibraltar • Nancy. Csndler, for St. Lucar, and Seville ; Whim, Heard, for Barbadoes and St. Tho mas. CLEARIN• OUTWARD/I.—The Dryadei Davidson. for Mailearn. Valparaiso, Lima, and Colombia RIVET ; Nimble. Wriglitta. for Malaga, Valencia, and Barcelona; Kitty, Cole. for St. Fetershurgh ; Alßeda, Norfor, tot Gibraltar and Almeria ,• Hercules M `Laren , for Elsinore and Riga; Robert and Sarah. Wilson, tot Ilainburgh Lark, Orfeur for Gibraltar ; Rosanna, Herd, for Teneriffe. Nev. South Wales, and New Zealand ; William and Alfred, Mason. for L'Erang, in the Bay of Fundy ; Mekhburn, Richards, tot Ma laga; Cottager, Cornish, for Cadiz ; Ilawkesbury, Bigr, tor Rtga ; lilontmorence, Wood, for Quebec ; Flora, Sparke, tot Po. lemio and ,Messina. afELANCHOLr SHIPWRECK. Foundered in the tremendous gale of wind on Saturday, the 13th inst. the schooner Gipsy, of this port, John Chris tian, master. The above vessel sailed from Warrenpoint on the 12th, for Chester, with a cargo of cattle. During the gale on Friday night her sails were split, when ae, of comae, was left to be bulfetted by the hand of that dread ful storm, and on Saturday night, with its force, driven on the West Hoyle Bank, near Liverpool. 'While the vessel 'was dashing to pieces at this awful gate of death, the crew, , 1 three in number, launched out the boat, which was imme diately taken possession of by the passengers, seven in num- 1 ber, when, melancholy to state, she upset and engulfed the whole (many of whom, we believe, have left families to lament their untimely fate), in the fathomless deep, where the tide, we are told, runs at the rate of ten knots an hour. At this perilous moment, when the vessel was separating with every coming wave, the crew, with great exertions, re gained their boat, and in it were tossed to and fro over the waves for seven hours. The reader may fancy what must be the feelings of those men, when every Coming roaring wave seemed to be the awful messenger to demand their presence at the bar of God. However, their sand of life had longer time to run ; and after encountering all the pe rils of a dark and stormy night, on a veil dangerous sea, they gained the coast of Wales, where a Clergyman of the Established Church, with the kind spirit of his great Master, reached out the hand of charity and benevolence to the exhausted mariners.—Newry Telegraph. COMMERCIAL .ICMBARRASSMENTSIn addition to the heavy failures we have already had the pain of announcing, we have now to record the stoppage of the extensive home of Messrs. Tetley and Company of London and Liverpool, and Messrs. Wainewright and Shiels, of the latter place. The failure of the former of these concerns is said to have been occasioned by the refusal of a party or parties, for whom they had made heavy purchases of cotton at the East India Company's sales, to fulfil their contracts. The purchases on these occasions being constantly made in the name of the broker employed, he, we understand, and not the principal, is held responsible to the company. The consequence of this mode of transacting business, in this instance, has ben to fix an enormous loss on innocent par► tics who arc not able to sustain it. Whether sny mea sures can or will be taken to entl...avour to compel the prim cipals to make it gr.od to them we have not yet heard-2lf an chester Paper. SOICIDE.—Wc are sorry to announce that on Thursday evening last, Mr. Cobbham, in St. Ann-street, Liverpool, shot himself with a pistol. lie has left a widow and family to deplore his loss. In Turkey, the Grand Seignior, every morning in his progress from the apartments of his favourite Sultana to his morninr , prayer, receives in person the petitions of the meanest of t he faithful. In the year 1695, Yamause, the t :rand Visier of Nlustaplia IV. and the son of Fatima, his, favourite mistress, was empaled, because he stood between his sovereign and the petition of a poor shoemaker of the Crimea. On Monday morning, the 22d inst. about five o'clock, a stout man attending a mill in lialdock, Hefts, grinding malt for a large brewery, *as caught by the machinery, and forced into a perilous situation between that and the wall, whin the horses stopped, and the sufferer having of course cried out, his fellow servants flew to the scot; finding him in an erect posture, no means remained of liberating him, i but by flogging the horses on when he fell. Mr. Hicks, jun. a surgeon, who lived close by, was sent for, and shortly arrived, and on the following day there was a probability , of his recovery. FROM LLOYD'S LIST. PEszaxtt, Atm. 25.—The Thetis, Green, fiem London to Quebec, put into this bay the 22d, in consequence of several of her casks of water having leaked out in the hold. They were repaired. filled again, and she proceeded the same night. FALMOUTH. AUG. 25.—N0 arrivals or tailings. PLYMOUTH. AUG. 25...—Arrived the Induktr.a, Simonsen, froro Longsound. Off the port, the Jenny, Donald, front Cadiz. Posasstot:lll, AVG. 2ti..—Arrived his 3lnjosty's ship Tweed, , from Leith ; the llrtaili•lt cutter, from Chatham : the Duchess o Volk transport, from Cowes, for Chatham. Sailed the Scorpio 3 cutter, 00 a cruise. DEAL, AVG. 'S. —PAC•Sei . through from the River. the Mo'• grave. Garbutt, for Make, and the Emerald, Nockeits. for lltiencs Ayres. CaseLra.—lt appears, from a document laid on the table of the House of Commons, in IftV, that the annual consumption of candles has surprisingly increased in Eng land in the course of the last century. The following are the stated quantities of tallow and wax upon which duties were paid in 1721 and 1621 : TAL LOW. - lbs. 33 3os.mto 1721 7 WAX. Ib. fig.C3l 1721 - . E7.34i/1,417 I 1/311 . 1 1 711.1iti txat The won d er f u l increase of wax may in some deb * be attributed to the rapid pmgr , ss of limary, in the increasing number of theatres, assemblies, dabs, and various publte places. flow far the introduction of gat will affect a comparative statement twenty years hence, may afford &mum - rant to the curious. . t /d