The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1818-08-25 00:00:00

REPORT • FROM THE COMMITTEE ON THE PRIsoNs OF THE METROPOLIS. The Committee appointed to mango, into the State of Iltrolant. - aatnollibM Pelage. widow the alfie Load** loot 'be Homes% of Swasheerk, sod so report their °beer. trothsoo;tottoillsor umbresei of she veld/i.e. tak. os be fore three ream tiM to time, to the Hesse void to whom the priitsew eoWorpriseeers for *be is Wtitiviiiminver Prins win referreti; sod who Weft instructed to itopsire Ws the state of Dartmoor Prima, sad to report whether 'it h capable of receiving convicts; have eaassioed the veneers so tlins referred, cud agreed upon the foliowiug t . 4 b irCoiniiiittee, is plomtlitig the inveetigallon of the state of the bowleg Priers, have considered it Ilse', duty - laitilre how far the hail liege, in their original site eosistructioa,' arvaird sod sdrqisale fur the ,pirmises to which they art appropriated; how far those 'that appear in their prerieut shape onifit aid inadequate rpsy hr rendered waitahM by Cutlets alterations or addl. Bums ; orif that degree of improvement which would be amt desirable Should appear likely to lead to an re test of outlay which at Iceman may be deemed in's pedieui, to cossider what change ia the internal sr. „ .34„ esrupeitta they eau 'valiant to reenusosend as likely to sowelooratioa. With these views, col with an anal- Ad ira l a s o f irer& , pitroje,4, jheecosomy of the establish. anits, mud the treatment of the prisoners, your Committee have whited all the prisons subjected to their inquiry, and have mossismed before them all those person from who+ they hoped so derive practical and earful information ; and the Report which they have mow the h .nuur of asikowittinie t.. the Haase is Goaded os their beet J 16411106 to that eel ' VOW, or as that cistsvictioo, which a pen neat inspection has aottiovised. fa visiting these receptacles of wretcheduem and crime, ;pewee so psnifol mad repulsive to the retellings, your Cons 1. 'Walther, while boom' 1.. recollect that certain hardship. IWO • tibeettesary mid unavoidable, were mot unmindful of their duly by (ailing to rensark any neglect or abuse, or improper mm e: My. With these views sad eraiimewts, your 'Uwe Itirueerileal ; sad to moiler their Repot as perspersiiiis w 'o m it dl.ti a et a. possible, thee have considered it advisable • ?to give the result of their inquiry ow the prises. err I .' :awl?, mid in the order in whirls they were visited, awl . ridessee was examosed. The Ind he order, therefore, Is Newgate. N RWGATE. The Prison of New/gage. according to the present sr- I tantgement, is divided foto madams, yards. eisprowas, aml swards. Yost, Committee are of 'million that the treiginal plan of this prison was defective, and the sccosommlation inadequate foe the purposes to which it as mow applied.- -pins it is considered That thin prison is destined not only the reception of a great many owl-sons who are directly onwasitted. but for the 'recision. of a still greater 'sombre. who are removed thither lur trial, added to which, • roirsi. dyeable number who are under seutence of indirisumnent„ end an accumulating of convicts. 'wittier the extant of the inteersansadation, or the distribution. are each as your Coal :Nodes eon roomier *Jewish. or comosseat with that eialei fiesifion which your Committee deem of vital importance. 11 may be proper here to iotroduce certain" observatioas. erlecbisis they apply generally 110 ell the primmest, may, if ouplarned, obviate dm necessity of repetitioa when report Mg its, others; and may be referred to se rowel principles adopted by the Committee; sod if they appear self.eviilent ere trite, they will the more readily br granted ea amuses. The wltu'e systems ufealattittened ertswinal jurisprudence is Ateniord for the prevention of es ime,not of a baker. eishment ; pheiehnsewt, therefore, as regards society, is not vindictive, but sabeervieut, soil instrumeutal, in refcience to prevention. While the hairkships of a prises'. and the patois of law. may be wisely mutt justly inflicted, it is our duly to take care that no more is dour or suffered than is conducive to the real object ; and still more, that we lake care that the means we employ to clink may not contribute to the increase of clime: that persons guilty of petty offeuers, from the repe tition of which they might be deterred by the first detection, and the consequent shame and alarm, shall not by our means be utterly pillaged, hardened, and nrcomplisbed iq depots.. vioy, by a forced commuincation with the most abendumed and irreel•tamble. To prevent this obvious danger and un speakable evil, the attention of year Committee has been peculiarly directed torrbat they have termed 'elarstalkwa, not mewl, as regaiding the separation of *beatnik from the enerkterl, but looking to • much more salutary and ex. )enekel system. It is quite eunecessary to urge the number. Iris shades of depravity amongst the untried pdsoners; but even au iintoce lit person may aufortaualsly be so situated ; and what in a raise of every day's occurrence, an individual accused of some very veuisl offence, is doomed In be the :rompaition, mess-mate, end 'Omelet bedfellow, of the most abandoned miscreant. Even after conviction the evil pro ceeds; for if we can Imagine one unhappy culprit who is divest(' to regret and repent. he mind have his feektigs tattooed up or hardened amidst such a mass of vice and 'corentriirin. Clarrifierdion, therefore, your Committee consider of the utiinnt Lome ; amid for this desirable object New. t ote uflbrs few facilities. It is ill constructed, deficient iii spare, and is now unhappily destined to contain, na the ap proach of 'vets , Sessions, nearly doable the number of pri miners which it might to contain. Ffitherto a large protoon tion of the prison has been occupied by convicts noder sem tence of transportation, amounting to 150 permits nt the time the Committee visited the prison; and all the accused nu the male side are necessarily crowded together without diiiiinctino ter discriminatitm and, under the denomination . of fiuu , all ender senteirce bf imprisonment, whatever the nature of their offence, are mingled together. The re. barnal of the transports, therefore, immediately after every tiessions, seems indispensably necessary; such • relief onest affroil some prospect of • more unobjectionable ar rangement of the primmer*. and Krems absolitely requisite to afford room fee the numbers removed thither fur trial, *no, in the opiriirm of your Committee, it is • measure whirl, ought to he most strongly pressed on the attention of Gaverrintent. The Howie may judge how far your COM' %Mire is jii4tilietl in strongly remoustratiog inn Ilium 1101111, ty adverting to the enumeration of •arals, sad specifica tion of the dimensions. It seems sofficient to remark, that in Wards of thirty-eight for t by fifteen, it has very lately been necessary to eotifilie from 30 to 40 pt r. sous, and at former periods from 60 tuna. Those prisoners, Who, in tie language of die prison, are denominated fines, that is, theme alio have been 'caseated to imp lementer'. fur Various tamers. are in a worm situation than die convicts. They are georrally tome crowded together, and eat, sleep, nod pass the day ma the same ward, having access to an open yard. Thematic lb condemned cells, each 9 feet by 7, which open unto the press-yard, baying two day-rooms appropri ated to the prisnaers ender @emirate of death. Your Corn. miller regret, that, from the coustruct nos of the prison, they csanoteuggest a satisfactuty alteratiou art this objectionable part of -The prison, which seems so inimitable to the situa tion of the unhappy men. It has so happened, that from Ort to 10 seder seutenre of death, lisee hero coufiued or this par t of the pima at one time. Uuder such circumstances, st hss been townd necessary that some should sleep in the day-nionts, Slide iu many of the cells three were confined. Autl although it appears in evidence, that three were fre quently so coublied in one cell at the express request of the prisoners themselves, yet it is a practice which uncut tie *indicated. It linnet be obvious to every mind, that sorb an accumulation of unhappy wretches, with such • deficiency of room and means of separation, is away irrecoucilable with the solemn situation of those who are plated there to pre. p are f ur death. Your Committee observed with pain, that tifildren of the temlerest years were eonfiited in the cells wills pedaled of mature age and usure Confirmed habits of crime. As yon; Cognatitten have already expressed, in strong terms, their opinion as to the expediency of rri m .,i r i i , x the Convicts, they abstain from enlarging on the total want of employment, and other circumattotes FAO prodoctive of evil. Its the erosided state of the prison little retold be attempted effectively enforced end" the men. The benevolent exer tions of MIN. Fry and her friends, iw the female department of the prison, have, indeed, by the establishment of a school, by proCieling work, and encouraging industrious he lots, produced the most gratifying change. But much must he roadbed to Oarcuntling perilous, encashes and inthicuce. IN N On the male this, •Ilmsipts to give employny.;•l hoes bee* bailed by (he diabase* prattlers of these on whom tbs tan perneot his bees made; and is a petsol se countrified as blewgate. and w t en there is en frequent • change of pd. It u diffeall to roister a tweedy. Among fist*" however, something might he attempted with • prospect uT sum.% for some are actually eon employed as trade/awn. Dor Seheetl—Tbe youthful effende.• under le years of age, untried mod eosriesed, are played together in what is called The School. They are kept apart (run. the wee con. truss, and hem the com e(one of the yards fur two Wore ft day, at which time the men are locked up. To have a school at all Remised a step towards improve. went , but a school 8o coostituted mast suggest doubts u to its moral hermit-MI effects. Al prevent the school M re gulated am d taught by a errimiel. The crime of the indivi dual so employed (as appears from the evidence) is not of that nature which is likely to affect or encourage the pro. penalty whirls these youthful offenders hare indulged • but if the bertellt of impressive morel instruction is de sired, little coo he hoped from a convict of any description; even if he is sincere he cannot have influence; for the buye are aware of the degraded positing of their teacher. If a school is to be maintained, • Iwrsms of,noblemithed repetition should be appoialed; and there to be a separation of ibe profligate from the less contaminated. Ma:inners —ln adverting to the cleanliness of a great part of thi• prisou, your Committee have a favourable report to offer : the yards and wards apiwared on their vi silaliun lo be rrouirkshly clean, and various members of the Committee, who have Individually visited the prison at other limes, give anu less favourable report. The windows or the sleeping wards are large, and ore regularly opened, which secures free circulation of air. But there being no Are allowed in these chamhers, there is ))))) %efficient ventilation to venture dampness frym die room and berliling,eapecially ill the winter month.; theisVwas Doi, however, the slightest thissi of offenWve sm. II in she sleepiug wards of the couviels obeli yhor Cu))) visited these want.. But your Committee could not bat rrivark a great mgt. ct of personal cleanliness amongst the piniiiiteni genteelly.; and they are of opinio• that suitable iegulatiolis ought to he a.kiptid to enforce at. Mot to what is so essential. The Committee cannot give the same favourahle report th'e ward* appro s pri3ted In the Ones; it is °belong that the same system of cleanliness which is adopted iu the sleeping wands of the cosmic's is there is prerltcably, and he ri ineilii.il lint by teaselling the smother confined in the pronto, and ohm by a real/Val of the convict., lat a chi rode in the appropriatiou of this gaol to so many vas ions purposes. The Rothliag.—The prison allowance of bedding consists of a bcrepen 111.1 i, winked with a portion of tar, to prevent the lodgment of vet 11l ill , and to ravingly and two rugs. This rilliorenee set MY sparing awl Its .ileonate. In wittier lulls less time three rugs 1110/111.1 he allowed. Your Committee feel difffeuity ht V 4 nettling to InIV,ZeFt any further improve- Anent, as any haid,iiip expefictieed from the nature of the `mat is , perha,,,• compensated by its clemiliamin, and.the absence of ninny inconveniences attending bedding of au. tither ilc .caption. et sly, however. br roper that the bed ding abosid be more expoard to the air thaw at premien, or inaiint.te 111Pn.nite4 - he take., to remore the damp from the be,l Zing, wioch, by the evidence of the surgeon, is injurious to the he'atsleuf die pitievares, • mmoved five the heated day motor, and sithjected to the chill of condensed perspiration; hut olds ergestation hod out twee complied with, as your Committee did not Aril above twenty mats is the whole 'poison on the male aide; hot each Kintner that has a bed of his owe, luta permission to bring it into the prison. Your Committee re frail. 'ivied any opinion us the Moen of the bedding fur the prisoners, as from the crowded state of the prison, tire whole subject is line of great ditiiicarlty. Fwd.—Formerly, the provirion-allowauce was one pound of beef, without bone, delivered twice a week, .sad soaked ,by the prisoners lipaselves at their own time and pleasure, and daily 16 moires of brown bread. The 611 h created by the cooking, Jowl the improvidence of the pinworm, add. •ed to a icoymeoun of the propriety of Owlet •an allow ance of 'vegetables, induced Ibe Conn of Militias's' to adept a new ligititan. A kitchen has been provided, • cook appointed, and au attend km of the duet established. The tal luwawce now es a piss of good gruel for breakfast ; for dinner, atterwately, bag a postai' of beef (which, when cooked, wapitis about mat uumea), end a quart of soup, in winch the meat was build the previous day, with barley, mad a earjety of ssegeteblee. This chanze has here of etreullal benefit, and has been generally approved of. Aud your ,Coasmittee, ors matore.sletitscrat ion, and Ismailia, themselves pf the best iprugneation Stacy Lave been able to acquire, con siiler the 4iitritaare and description of food wholesome in , quality, sod au Micas .in go/amity for persons isi mach eir. cpanstauces. Nosy of yqur Committee have tasted the breast, and I have tasted the sump said,qrnel, Nod are PerfectlY yttiaked 'bat they ace good of their kind. The bread, an particular, which is Liked at Giltspur•street Compter, by a ',seisms employed by the Capri of Aldermen, was, whets the Committee visited the prison, of a good and wbulesousequality. • - - Cfolkiag.—As there is no prison dress adoated is New -4044 the iiismtvilliousiof your Committee can only refer to the clothing belonging to the pri.uners theusiwlres • satoiti these it awns nest in various iststuuces there Mae hero very great 'At ficietecy of clothiwg ; many art couiontleil to prison half naked. °therein-e hi the habit of selliug their shoes 84 other parts of their derail; but for such as may not he guilty of such practiees, and who are destitute, there does not appear to be soy regular source from whence they can be relieved. There is what is called the Sheriff,' Food, which is totally inadequate. sod therefore from time to time the Court of Akiensen miler a din. ibutiou of clothing. Your Committee =moot take upon them to recurumciol any E"eral regulation for clothing. Your Conintince having been assured that there is nu imlispositiou on the part of ate Court of Alilernieu to gr au t refuf , and trusting that dtrY sill order all clot's of real sweeten) , to he reported to then., or 50 br relievtil by their ollieers, it tnnst rest with them to order supplies, which wont be regulated altogether iiy cirri 1111 l 7'ottameal.—On this head there has been no complaint from soy quarter which has reached the knowkdge of your Commitire. It is their duty to Sidle a hde improvement in this particular. It had been the invariable practice, up to the piebent year, lu put the accused in irons immediately on their cummitenrut lu Newgatc; this was deemed necre oury to guard against escape, and hail, in some instances, been the mean, of detecting those attempting in csrape in disguise. The Gaol Committee of Akkinses, however, have "'"Iv""" antkiftlt a fair experiment of indulgences; and so order to exclude sti,itors from tie interior of the pn>nn (with certain known'e al..' reasonable excep tions). the irons leave been taken from all the untried; slid your Committee t►nst that a regulation an consonant with the situation of an umeoacieled person way be fully justified by the result. ilmlesisnry.—Although liberal provision is made, and the utmost care and nitentior are paid to such as in railw aymen& of sickness are plated in she infirmary, your Curs. metier regret that here, as in other quarters, their, is uo distinct' of persons. 'llw untried, the convicts, and even Ile condemned, are all placod 14 the same ward, and ibis bilious from the saute imp-r 1 111 l s rause, want of sufficient accommodation: when other improvements are made, this tvtly your Com 11l i l tee expect, cannot fail to be rectified. Geoteral Health —lt is must aralifying to your Com mittee to stale, that Miliougli numbers are committed to this pi cans in a stale of disease, yet us, fermi ing to the lists in the surgeon's book, soul comparing the numbers with the ■mount of those in confinement, thuttEls the number of sick in the last year Los been great, the inupursiou of deaths is much 1.14 than your Coininitsee were prepared to expect. Great praise remains doe to Mr. Bus fur hie attention and Medical skill. Your Committee have to regret that great irconseuience bas arisen (sum the crowded state of the in firmary, both on the smile and female side, although could. &Table improvement has recently taksii place. Your Com mittee observe that there is no room appropriated for the reception of primmer.. on their CMUMltalria, so that flung say be inspected by the ausgeun lyclure they are mixed gr ur►ally in the hods; apRI they slim st the propriety of WI pertou Wag su admin..' tins 11 he lion been ingpetted by the surgeon, as thi y remark that ins less than sixteen 'mesons tette aihnitted with fever sheriog I k e meets months of the year 1817. And they canon, help also obactritoc that a real inconvenience ariaes Irons she Middlesex commitments, being friquently so late at night that tke surgeon has but Ilse rovJonity of seeing the prisoners before they are plate , . in Ilse yards. Rafiginine hafruction —Public Service is performed on Sundays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, and private on other days, to the coodemord. One merrier only was performer! on 311. days. hr.t the Court of Aldermen have caused their orders to he eniorred, otiosely, morning 31111 CV(11111.7 service on Sandals. The Ordinary visits the prison deity, to give re _mos unitruetimi to such persons who profess • desire to receive it, and ir l order of the Court of Aldermen to *Joni iiister the sacrament once a month. Your Committee re mart, that the chapel is ealenlitril to conlitin 350 persona, dming the period of your Committer% in q uiry, Ito less than four bemired rued sixty prisoners were at one time in the prisms ; in order then to remedy ibis iocusivenience, they would suggest the propriety of dividing the service un Sunday, the morning heing appropriated for the male, and the evening fur the female prisoners; anti that nu prnions within the Pillion shall be permitted to absent themselves, unless their particular religion prevents them from attend ance on worship of the Church of England. On the whole, therefore, it appears to your Committee, that so far as the construct . and extent of Norgate will permit, the treatment of the plisonen genitally is such as meta with their approbation. The prison fare flora nut app•sr worse, or mote severe, than is consistent with such an "snhlishmenti or injurious to the health of the priwniem. The tit teutiou of a former Committee was directed to * crowded state of Newpte, vatic+ at that lbw wan the plat* of confinement, not only or eriennirels, hut also for debtors. The new prison in 1% hitecromsotrect has relieved Iliewitateirf the debtors ; yet, with the conviction of the tolpothoterof etits:ifirAtinsi, and •eparltion, which your Committee cannot! too frequently, ow to.. strongly, press on the attention of the House, they consider the secumnsidations of Ali prison as still altogether inadiarate, Wheal the local position of Newgate is considered, and the great expense •Irrarly incurred by W. City of London, if cannot Le expected Mai the prem.'st gaol shillala he pulled down and a beater constructed, more ClllO 1111 l /.1101111, 4011 10 1 411 : 41141.1144pr1111140r1Ard in ilia place, whfdt rowltl only. be effected at a most ensiaminso expanse. Your Committee, therefore, must routine theirmicxesti.ma of improvement to •ehausge its the appropriation of the present buildings. It appears to your Committee, that very tunterial int prolentent may be facilitated without any gnat or unreason- Shit sacrifice. The secular sad immediate removal of con victs after eves)! !Waning would give berme for sway im modest. alti ratitna; and provision ought to he made fur that purpose, by an estableihment, where, Maim' of being in a state of filth and idlnuu , lbe cutivicts may be usefully employed. And they nosy further remark, that if larcenies wine tried al the quarter Semitone, as to other c ou nt i es, instead of being tried al the Old B ai l e y, a rum 'tolerable influx of pepariati.• would he presented. Hut, if your Committee might venture to Rugg. at, Out appears lo them the 'host expeibeut ars aiigerneiii, awn mould mum. Burial that Newgatc, as attached to the Oki Bailey, should he exclusively appropriated to prisoners fur trial. Ur a review, then, of the whole evidence eonceriiitig Neargata, as well as from the observations they were aide to make while loveethic the prison, your Committee arc decidedly of opinion, iltal the public interest requires a speedy alters. In the condition of Newitate. 'Do y impute no blame lu the present keeper (Mr. Brown) suit the orders and redia• lotions he has adopted ruder the satalio9 of the City Magistrates ere a great impriweineni ; but the want of sufficient room to elasaify the prisoners —the ectire shimmer, as fares the men and boys are concerned, of all employment—the promiscuous assemblage of persons of all descriptions, *gee, mid etiarecteis of crime, have deeply impressed your Committee with the opinion, that no sow can enter the walls of Newgate witbont going out from thence inure depraVeil and rum ru pt. than wheu first com mitted theretp. And though the Magirtrates of the City 'if London have 111WW111 a praise-murthy disipriiiitims to remedy the grievances complained of in former times, yet, from. the over-crowded state of the prison, cud the 1111.1114 t ion tor it. Homeroom isihstidant., the main and poi. mitten( evils cannot be removed; and still less would it be possible so to regulate its interior arrange men( as to fir it for 'tube polemics of reformatory punishment which the good of society requires. DARTMOOR PRISON. Your Committee have received in evidence, that the forest of Dartmoor contains about 130,000 acres of laud, one-fifth of which is enclosed; and that a considerable part is the perry of his Royal Highness the Pfister liege t, ass Duke of Cornwall :Twat the prism) thereon has formerly emit ained frons.S,ol.lo to 9,000 prisoners of war ; and it is stated that 2,1011 convicts may be well secured there, with proper di visions fur tlassitical and wurk.ruoms. It appears, ►y professional evidence laid before your Committee, that the situation of the prison on Dartmoor is indisputably healthy; that provisio•a are cheap; that Mel is it. he ac quired fur the tabour Daly ; and that the utmost 4 apprises fur the proposed MI. ration of the prison would nut exceed 5,000/. 11 is evident to your Committee, that the 'proposed conversion of Dartmoor prison into • primps' fur curate's, would place of its • more p►rfect elate fur a prison 14 war at ray future period ; as your Committee have reerivid iot evi .dence, that if it remains unoccupied it most itoeritahly fall into decay. Your Committee, therefore, beg leave to direct the autotiou of his Majesty's Government to this subject ; fur the prisoners might he speedily removed from the contagious vices of the metropolis, wherein the rumple- Atm of one crime to mostly the preciosur of another Inure iniquilnaa; and the youthful delinquent, by compselsatiory labour, in the first istatrace, would lw withdrawn from those habits of ;divot's which never fail to engem'. r depravity, and to afford ■n opportunity fur the imitatras of bad maniple. hly such regulations, it appears to your Committee that the wane of actual subsistence woulJ be acquired by the rays lions of the convict■ themselves, therein affording au Incitement 111 labour, rod erasequetitly an usgent for • return to vortionua habits. Dartmoor abounds with granite of ■n excellent quility, well ■stapled fur the pssrposes of buildinz ur paving; most as his Majesty's. Go. yerunient, are at this titne puscha.iog large qratitities fur various public conks, yout 'Comin;ltee coat-rive that cos. vies would be capable of eittlieg granite to any extent for each purposes, and that sock ■ protest would idealise the lard, rod remoter it fit for cultivation. Tool also may lbe cut to any quantity, and a canal or iron railway might convey it to Plymouth. There are also great falls of water in every part of the moor ; and your Committee me of upi wion cloth might he mranfarturrol by the prisoners roc their own Hulking, as Large qua. tttt les aeons-se wool east he obtained upon Mr spot. On this subject your Committie beg to refer also to the Report of the Transport Mood. ThE House will °loner, that Ist the judgment of ermal re spectable witnesses, great advantages may be derived from the application of the taboo's. of (movie** at Dartmoor. On this your Committee refrain from expression any rip' ' ; but they think it proper to direct the attention of the House to the evidence in the Minutes on that subject. MayB, ISIS. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. Tii E BAIT' SH PRESS; IT 1 I 1. , a 11 1 I tt I • ..►_ PARIS PAPERS. PARIS, AUGUST 19. His Royal Highness the Duke of Gloucester left Row design tut the 12th inst. for ken, from whence he will pro ceed to the baths of Ranges and those of Balmer's; Ilium thence his Royal Richness will repair to Lyons, and snake an ' , reunion to Geneva. It is reported that shim Prince will rt tura to Fiance towards the end of October, ea a visit to our capital. 111Awntra, AUGUST 12 It apprises that the result of the disturbances at Gottingen win, that 14 'lndents and 12 hussars were saw" or Ina wounded; oar of the students (a Swiss) and use hamar have dle•d of their noteside. The Baton de Stria, it is said, bas hems lovind to pro_ (e nd, in the m o nth of nevember, in Ain•la-Chspellr. There are expected also She Heron de Humboldt, the Prsoloists Ms• Disler at !mouton ; the Smog d'Anstetien, the Itiissiso Mi nister at Fraakturi ; sad 1111. d'Alopene, the R llama LONDON. TUESDAY, AUGUST 25, 181$. The a"cuuut of the mate of the giu Eve. health yerterdar " The Queen et/Minium Leiter" A Flanders Mail arrived last night, with Papers to the '23(1 instant. The following are extracts :— LLIGC, AUGUST 7. His r the Duke of Wellington arrived here the day before )esteiday; he examined the works carrying on to augment the fortifications of the t2itidal, and of the Char- Wester, an d repaired to Spa. Yesterday he returned to Leta., and continued his tour to Namur. His Grace was accent. pained by very few atteutlants. OR UM‘FLII, AUGUST 20 Yesterday there parsed through this city M. Jup. Renards, as Ansdriau cornier, on his way from Wienaa to Loudon, and Means. Chailet and Sey inset', belonging to the chancery of Lord Castlereagh, hearing dispatches from his Lordship, and color as coal irr from London to Aix-lA-Chapelle. AUGUST 21. The Rottlliern provinces of the kiiirdom of the Netherlands deserve at this moment to fix the attention of those who love to reflect on the most fortunate periods of our history. While a formidable line of fortresses, of the first and second rank. is erreltur, out our funnier* tl , ll/Rlllll France, from Nieuport to 11.toxen.bourg, a sec 44444 1 line is formilie on the banks of the Meuse, and is to cover this river from [hosed to Muestrecht. It is this line which the Hoke of iVellioxtost has just exa mined, accompanied by General Cent-r.:MT. They have suc• cessively visited Liege, Huy, whose ancient castle Is to be rebuilt on • new Ono, and the iinpuctunt fortress of Namur, where the works are carrying on with extraordinary activity. Hence tiny contiout..l their tour of inspection to Charleroi. Vuhrirc, 6i Isis Age of 14114% .t 7 1 .. mentions it as a re. markable circiimstanec, flat during the long reign of that Monarch, 200 fortriessrs were bush or repaired on the 6 - omits's soil tin tbe coasts of France, uhich is certainly much less astonishing than what is now erecting before our rtes in our new kingdom. History will dedicate a page to re cal to posterity a perioil which may be considered as the most remarkable b. tom. nuns Is. if the observer rrilects that at the very ~,,, mesa ultra so many fortresses are rising, as if by enchantment, new road*: are opeuiug in various direglioos that others are projected; that Brussels is daily improving, and will woo become one of the most beautiful cities in Europe, as it is already one of the most agreeable; lie will 'denim the resotiices •iiil the riches of an industri ous people, and will not he surprised But the French were su bent ou retaining Belgium. Yesterday was a holiday at the Bank, but the Stock Exchange was open for business. The IVliincy•changers litiow no holiday. The auri sacra fames admits neillter respite nor relaxation.—We understand that India Stock fell eight per cent. If this statement be correct, it Mt:heater some ex traMilinary cause, of which, with the recent spleu dt,d mccomos 11.ain India before our eyes, we are unable to form an idea, or of f er any explanation. The Cottou-spi suers of Manchester have appealed to the ',tribe. Thei: Address will be found iii an. other part of our Toper; a n d though we would . be Ilse Ix►t to excite or foment th►ennteut or itu g-e:isses. we are bound to nation among our workir, observe, and we ure confident our readers will agree with up, that the journeymen appear to have a great deal of right and justice on their aide. The ground, on *lnch the operative si re rest their justifies iron air simple awe, in the first place, that about two year* ago, their masters demanded arid obtained a reduction of "rages I m account of the low state of the markets, pronwing that they would • 6 • r. willingly make an advance when the market. woad admit; that the markets do now, and for u length of. time, admit it, and, therefore, they cl&ci the ful. filineut of the promise. If this statement he true ; sod true we snug take it to he, till regularly con tradicted by the employers, it is decisive of the jus tice of their demands ; a contract was entered tato bets ern both parties, one of them performed the tentditton" of them required, and now they desire the other to do the saw.. Hot the workmen for-. Orr declare, " That they cautoit, with the greatest possible inditstry, obtaiu the common comfort• and necessaries of lite at the present low prices ;" thit instead of receiving, as is asserted, 30.. ur 40s. a week, average wages, their average clear vo,.7es, ;n 1816, was about 25.. when they were reduced front 20 to 95 per cent, at which rate they have since continued. This would make their late wages average from 18st to 19s. 10d. ; and without taking noon us to pronounce that sum to be inadequate to the support as workman, it is easy to observe bow much it falls below the alleged rate; it is scarcely equal to one half of what the same class (Amen are said to be now rattling in Glasgow, viz. from 11. 16a. to 21. ss. a-week (subject tom small deduction), and the " strike" at Manchester is far front being ado• quate to account for so great a difference. It is a matter of surprise. that nut one of our able writers on the impolicy, &c. of the Poor Laws .nor even the Committee of the Hon. House of Com. mons themselves, have given out scale of the pro portion the wages of the labourer should have ta the price of provisions. It must be acknowledgiii it would be difficult to give a general, or correct mei age of provisions and labour; but solely att, so proximation might be made, that would servt,al;. guide for the vestries of agricultural patialica; fur want of this, all is conjecture whether a family be sufficiently supplied with food, or half starved. Now the harvest is over, the old evil again recurs, out withstanding the legislative enactment', asi ii the unemployed labourers crowd the vestry for mask. ~ Bone's five-part antidote against the m •sirs of the poor (patience, labour, frugality, sobriety, sod Million), tails for want of labour, and wt shunt this till attempts are nugatory. We lament to find, from the Papers receivesi terdagoliat the typhus fever is on the ineitase in se• Terri parts of Ireland. In Dubl►n there has been an awful increase since March last. %Vitra ail in the South, mid Sligo in the West, suffer se seitly from its malignant spread. The United States frigate Grierriere, from B a ton 'tor St. Petersbnrgh, with Mr. G. W.CAMI SW. on hoard, as Minister to that Court, arrived on Sun day off Cowes, Isle of Wight. Twenty-tire thousand men of the Army of Occu pation, it is said, will be reduced on its tett km Troia France. An Officer, lately belonging to the Son th Ame rican Insurgeot Army, is now in Plymoutl s, hewing lately quitted that service in disgust. He desembes the privations and dangers to be endured i , this VA. vice of the severest and most appalling k 'tint; but these are the natural attendants of a pen ; 31t-'el for tune., who seek fur liberty in the first ime vises of revolution. The most brutitird slave wu aid out wear his chains for a day eould they be ex •I.ll.iiigtl for liberty without an extraordinary exertioi t. We have heard it rumoured, but how tidy a , know not, that a Commissioner from the Uoi',.! Stairs is to pvoceed to Ghent. where be will b lie' by Mr. ItounisoN, President of our U t•i Trade, for the purpose of negociating a corn nu-it.44i treaty. The professed cause of meeting se. :w% i: enough—the plaice alone is what fill* FS *it tai :wpm hension ; for surely there is sonialling otn panne is the name of Ghent.—(Thrter.) A new silver coinsge is preparing at tl MO, designed by PISTRUCCI. The half-crown ha, the George and Dragon on the reverse. The Sarah and Elizabeth, CURRY ; Ipswich, GARDEN ; Experiment, -- ; and ./..)/ruder, ConeEn, have arrived in the River fro in Grcrie land. ull, a bocci-" 330 Hr the fish ; E u n de r- mentio ned buArva eul a ri oig d iiib . r o e rt And r ew re ros6: followingr 3fi s e fih l s si: s t p d az the c:itzi t —t . a o g i fe t , i Arid, 5 fish i Alfred, 3 fish; Albion, 4 (1.1 b.: flrolbrrs. u. i t 1 ;1 1 , Royal George, 6 fish ; Samuels, 3 fish ; Swan, 4 fish, Syll• Wiry, 4 fish ; Three Brothers lost. The Commissioners for building oidditiaml churches, iu answer to an application from Oe parish of Windsor, have stated that the ateinaii - g or the Act of Parliament does not allow thet x to exirtal any assistance towards the rebuilding of that parsli church. A pamphlet has been just published. rontaitiog l the Correapundence between Count BEE .111 RD snd Sir HUDSON LowE, at St. Helena, with note• coin inviting upon the conduct of the latter . It we!'" from the notes, that Count BERTRAND plainly in timated the repugnance that existed in t he mind of NAPOLEON to permitting the visits of M .r. 113Artat as an attendant physician. The Cour, d stated to Mr. B. that it was probable such rept' ,gnatice oat caused by Sir HUDSON LOwE'S rill siring troy person who was received at Longwood to r eport t s him every thing which he said, saw, or beard tlirle. (which he had recently required evi to (HMI Nl' . O'MEARA) ; that perhaps if lie (NI rr. !Wens) would declare that if he wire culls(' it i at consults' (ton at Longwood, he would give t eforehatid liii word of honour not to profit by its y as to convert it iato means of espionage, it was probable II" greatest obstacle would be removed It that when Count BERTRAND, in the t rtimig spoke of this conversation to N POI. ION, the I.tar found fault with him, and said, " that his repug nance was inviticible against this phrictait. wua had been Surgeon-Major of the ba ton or C"'''," can deserters 111 the service of En gland, a "i" corps Sir HuDsoN Lows had been 7Coasisoogkr• mister at Berlin. The latter is In woke the - requisite ar rangement* fur the erectile's of the Emperor of Russia. SANIIISRO, AVCIVIT 6. We have received circumstantial (Wails ou the new sect which was formed some time ago in Saxony, the fanaticism of • h:rh occasioned lately a frightful assaasioati .... This sect is established principally in the circles of Leipsic and Itlissiia; N pretendato Osseo ve with tlwgrealt rigour all the doctrines of the Ohl Testament, to reject the New, to destroy all those who Jo nut follow the same sy,tem, and to proclaim the regeneration of the whole human race. It teach. s and adopts a great number of superstitions tenets, and mow'. others, drinks that it merits the favour of God by inflicting tortures on men and animals. The principal leader of the act is one Khios, a tailor, who hes been continually going about near f.eipsic, preaching hie dangerous doctrines. He held numerous meetings in the opt-n air; he then predated in the villages, and inspired his fanaticism hits a great esol. • Wade of persons. This sect would not perhaps have excited so much public attention, had it not been fur its most fiery partisans, the miller reacher, of Beverolort, and his wife, who committed, from their fanaticism. a murder under horrible circum stances. The leader, Kluos ' had been instilling his principles iuto them fur several days. They were before persons of i see!. lent character ; but after rem g fur some days on thiir knees in the open air, without taking any 11011lislmient but a few roots, they believed themselves called upon to iii•ke sa crifices They declined that they received a commi.siuu to Wiry same children alive ; hut happily they were miehle to execute this frightful! project. A %errant, called Flue, ar rived at their buiil , at the instant when the fury of Feacher aril his wife was its a state of the perfect exaltation. . 1 hey looked openn him as a victim whose sacrifice would he eversible to God. They assassinated him in a horrible Mantier, cutting of his hands and feet, and theu begouniug immediately to sing a."l pray. A young miller, for whom they rem-reed the sion fate co . gaped from their hands by Itglit. He described what passed —the miller sou 111iS wife uric nt rested—they boasted of the, deed they bail committed, and declared to the iolge appoint rd draw op their that God hail given them a 1111111/1%14/11 to egli rinjuaie all those oho would not profess their thwtrinev,lsecause tiny were children of the Devil. It will lw observed that theme principles hear a near reernablance to those which the ruining Foesehl professed he last year in •uatiiis. It is likeweir known that other fanatic-sof the same seat projected fresh maassittations. As soon as the report of this event etas carried to DICACII, th Govettiment look mea sures adapted-to thee ircaimniisces. Troops wets sent to take military possession of all the villages where the fluidics were established. Infortnilions were taken *casual those who excited Khios ; fur it is said he received his iiistructions from persons alio belonged to, a better class of society. As soon as Kluos heard they were w search of him, lie took to flight, but he was seized in the city of Sleisseu, and has beet; (sr souse days is Viteou.