The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1804-08-11 00:00:00

THE TOUTICAL SITUATION Of AUSTRIA, *VD THE IN TRIGUES OF REVOLUTIONARY FRANCIS IN TN PT COUNTRY. It. was bet:Oise fashionable in Tune, several years WON the revolution, not only among the no bility sad clergy, but - among the people, to serllll*! to the alliance with Austria ad political dis asters I and to the unfortunate Queen Maria An toinette, as an Austrian Arch-Duchess, all finan cial --harms:menu, though chiefly caused by the American war. by the exwavagance of former reigns, and by the ignorance or treachery of the Ministers of Lags XVI. When, therefore, the rebellion in 171 e, permitted French intrigues, or spies in the pay d irussia. to publish populAt ru mours as !Asterism' fags. without punishment or mestradiegon. the house of Austria was assailed with libels, and its provinces. in Italy and in the Low Countries, intmdated with emissaries and revolt'. tiesuny propagatdn, disseminating disaffation, and reaching insurrettions. The consequence was, a milk is &abant and Flanders, in dale:ice of their religions privileges, whie.h. they. pretended, had loses invaded by their sovereign. the Emparor Jo sephus 11. in the suppression of some few of the naiserous convents in those countries. Tt was a Cu- rites soveky to see the fanatical Roman Catholics ammo Austrian provinces. -allied with the fanatical Atheists of France, combatting for the same cause, according to their manifestoes. though the former were ereflini new convents and other asyla, for esperstition. whilst the latter were selling, confis miring, and demolishing. not only convents, but ourehes; and when their allies in Brabant and 1) es, headed by Van Eupen, were carrying priests in triumph, Frenchmen, diretted by the Ja. @aim, prescribed aemAlly the preachers and the !oaring of the Christian Religion. The abenreties *ad contradittions of this union, among rebeisef so very opposite principles, did not diminish its Att. It obliged Josephus 11. to con elude a peace with the Ottoman Porte, and give up Sigrid,. lad other conquests upon the Turkish frontiers, to enable himself to reconquer and pre serve his hereditary dominions entire. Death, how• ever, put an end to his career, and it was reserved fee his brother, Leopold 11. to &ice his misled sub. jells of the Low Countries into obedience. No sr sovereign, front % charade?. as well as from inclina tion, was more desirous to live and reign in peace, this FOIM.e. Hence. hk impolitic endurance, in 1791, tithe insults offered by French rebels. to his diem and Inotherirs-law, the King and Queen of Trmee, at their arrest near Varennes. during their jemmy to Paris, and during their imprisonment in the Castle of the Thuilleries, by the despicable traitor. La Payette. Hence the defenceless state of the Low Gantries. when, after his death, the Bris setimafattiss. in April, 1792. declared war against his sett and successor, the present Emperor, Francis 11. Home the disasters of the campaign of 1792, and the little elk& from the great expenses and brilliant exploits of the following campaigns; be cause the republicans were become fully acquainted with those vulnerable points of Austria, where it might be attacked with equal car: and advantage. The wisdom of our ancestor; in their negoia ions with Louis XIV. and the necessity of the treaty, were never more evident than dur ing the last war. Holland :night still have pos. ',seed its independence. had Ilelgium and Glanders retaieed those stroug forts, which so often retarded the progress of French armies. under a Conde, a Tomos. a Luxemburgh, a Villars, and a Field Marshal SAM Rut this was not the only diff. catty Austria laboured ender. It had almost as *mch to dread from the treachery or jealousy of its Pressian Ally as IMP/ the intrigues and arms of its tfat ; and it is more than probable, that if i:l i sad always remained neuter, Austria would have continued videctious, or, at least, never expe rienced so great humiliations and defeats. After the treaty of Bade. concluded in the spring, 1793. had fully exposed the selfish and degrading prey of the Prussian Cabinet, Austria, in the autumn of the same year. 'hewed all Europe what it would do single handed, by driving from the I:..sf.k.s of the Danube those numerous republican armies commanded by Jourdan, putsuing them to the other side of the Rhine, and in sixteen days gaining eight vittories. It cannot be too often re peated. that French political intriguers are more to be apprehended than the French republican and 'military satellites. An intrigee at Vienna lost all the fruits of this glorious campaign of General Cbii fait. who was ordered under the gates of Coblenti cessation of arms, which, with the part tT the French, per crtated Direttory to -O•Jr iMse an.l its dispirited and dispersed It was the condufl of Franig 800. Fur a cessation of arms, days. Austria was obliged to and to evacuate province-4,w 4 quesdees the positions of the inetry, andweeten its oars. It was Vessels Intrigues that brought about the treaty of Leoben in 1797. and Preserved from destration the Corsican Adventurer and the armies wader . his command. French intrigues dilated the peace of Camp Forms, dissolved the Congress of Rastadt, obtained the dishonourable capitulation after the battle of Maringo, and com manded the notes' dishonourable peaceof Luneville. French intrigues at Vienna prevented Austria from resenting, in 1797, the destruZtion of the Re public of Vienna; in 1798, the invasion of Swit zerland and Egypt, and the insulting provocations of the Grenadier Ambassador Bernadotte in the Austrian capital. french intrigues at Vienna again prevented Austria from opposing, in 1802. ionaparte's usurpation of the Chief Magistracy in Italy, and a second attack on Switzerland, and in 1803, his occupation of Hanover. French intriguers Are now employed to engage Austria to endure Bonaparte's late invasion of Germany and his mur- der of the Duke of Enghien ; am!, should they suc- ceed, and the virtuous Francis 11. salute tle atroci ous Napoleon the Fir* an equal, Europe will be Convinced that the Cahinet of Vienna is as much under the influence ef that of St. Cloud, as thwe of Berlin and Madril; and an universal revolution upon the Continent cannot be far distant. It is, however, to be hoped that His Imperia, M.ljesty will remember outrages, unheard in history, which he has to avenge, and that not only his rank, but his blood, the welfare of his subjeas, a, well as the safety of Europe, require that a stop be put to French crimes and encroachments, to chassis? the assassins of Maria Antoinette, and to deliver the continent from the most cruel and disgraceful of all bondage, that of a revolutionary tyrant. whose ambition is as unbounded as his aas are fe rocious. Francis 11. must besides remember, that the acquisition of Venice, Istria, and Dalmatia, afords but an inadequate compensation for the murder of an Austrian Princess, for the loss of so many armies. for the aggrandisement of a rival house, and for the renunciation ot Lombardy, Tuscany, and the Netherlands. The peace of Lumen'e cannot be called but a tem pestuous trace, darkened by distrust, broken by French provocations, and protraaed by endless nego ciatrons and intrigues. Austria is now returned to the situation in which she was after signing thepreli minaties at Leoben, and is pressed between the neces sity of recurring to arms, or subscribing to all the • usurpations that have taken place fur these three years past, and sitting down invested upon a frontier Of a hundred and eighty leagues, by the arsenals, flying legions, and colonies of the revolution. Not withstanding the losses experienced in the ar mies and territories of the Austrian monarchy, this oppressive crisis has proved the extent of its re sources. It has supported the war fourteen years successively, faced all points, sacrificed armies to the defence of the empire, and tho Ugh two provinces are lost, which, from their distance and situation, could not be saved, the body of the state has re ceived no injury. It is matter of admiration and surprise how mild and an sppressive have been the means by which vs long, expensive and bloody a war has b•en supported. Economy, carried to an extreme on several occasions, a habit of order, and as. exsl responsibility, have made up fir the smallness of loans, and the inadequacy of tile usual taxes. Before three ye u s after the end of most destruaise campaigns, the Aus.rian trtny :s renewed to a full war complement, better disciplined than ever, ani mated with zeal, and consisting 380,000 men.— Never were people more attached :a their sovereign, or more disposed to defend him a g. tinst the attempts of a plundering and greedy tyrant, a ho spreads calamity and despair over the earth in every dircaitn. No state is securer by the allegiance of its subjeas ; and their habits, their charaacrs, are uninfluenced by the rage of novelties. The Austrian has known the revolution only by its efea : he has repelled it from sentiment and by instinet, and be dispises the principles of it. This nation, which, in the middle of the last century, gave so fine an example of devo tion to the house of its Sorreign, appears ready to renew it. The &mpers'. not having made a hanZle of his criti cal situation, to adopt sc vere measures of public sacrifices, or to enfoi ce them arbitrarily, now mps the fruit of his moderation, and will experience the elf: a of it, if the war be renewed. Austria balances at this moment the destiny of 'the continent. Succours from Russia are certain, and its own armies are at t'seir posts ; but, unfortunately, negotiators and intriguers have not quitted theirs. Can it, how ever, be expeaed, that Boniparte will lower his pretensions, or that the Court of Vienna will re traft its pride, its foresight, and its measures ? We do not comprehend, and of course do not im peach, the reasons er its late procrastinations, but their tfeas are visible to every one. Italy, day after day more aggrieved, is also more enslaved. It still offers resources, but they will grow wEaker by delays. Following its example, . Switserland. . _ having no more hope of a deliveter, has ree weal the yoke against which she has been defendin7 her. self in vain, and, from a deserted auxiliary, will, in another year, become the fixed satellite of France. The organisation and completion of this conquest will prepare the way for the next invasions into the western provinces of the Austrian Monarchy; the only military position which promises it successes, and support will be lost, and for ever. The most memorable experience will have been thrown away, and for the third time Austria will suffer itself to be anticipated, surrounded by shoals, and deprived of decisive advantages. In some few weeks, this terrible problem will be resolved, and Austria, with England and Russia, will either be saviours of the continent, or itself, sooner or later, be buried in the ruins of so many other states, Republics as well as Monarchies. This Day.—Duchas of Bauttssrick'S Birth-day—Holiday at the Public Offices. 7 1'11E murrisH PAIE.)S. LON DON, SATURDAY, ALGUST We learn by the Carmarthen, lately arrived from Bencoolen, that it was on the Ist December last, Li Nuts appeared off the Island of Sumatra, at Poolo, ar.d that the actual loss su,tained on the occasion, by the East India Company, was estimated, by the Government there, at 60,0001. and the loss on the part of individuals was considered as much greater. The cargo of the E/ita Ann, captured by Liao's, was valued at a lack of rupees, and a considerable loss was occasioned by the destruction of the Fiore and Marldarouvs, which ships were btuned to pre vent their falling into the hands of the enemy. LtNots did not leave the Bay of Poolo, till the s;h December. The loss we understand to have been considerably increased by the refraCtory consiu& of the Malays, and other natives of the Island, who, immediately after t)te departure of the French, pil laged every thing that came within their reach, and it was not without great clifliculty they were re duced to a state of subjedion, by the vigorous mea sures of the Bencoolen Government. Litsots was not at Bencoolen, as reported; and me understand the condua of his officers, alto were sent on shore, at Poolo, was very honourable, paying 1O- lost every article of the supplies which they required from individuals, and respeaing what they con sidered private property. The Carmarthen left Ben coolen in March last. The whole of the Jamaica fleet may be hourly expecgod. They were left, to the number of nearly IGU s 4, all well on the 23d ult. in lat. 42. 36. long. 4!..5. by His Majesty's ship Abundaisee, one of their convoy. The ships for Bristol arrived iu the Bristol Channel, on Wednesday. A variety of reports were circAtted yesterday re speaing the course which Sir Fa:AS:CIS Bußom means to pursue, in consequence of his recent &- feat. Some say, that adions to a very large amotint have been commenced against the SH • rats. Others, that Sir FRANCIS meanc to petition a:oinst the return. We could not, however, trace these rumours to any authentic source. They may be probably only devices to break his fall, and take cif the edge of disappointment. It was also re ported last night, that Lord DI:NC A HNON had re ceived a letter from authority, stating, that 11:s M ‘JCST Y has no farther occasion for his services, as Colonel of the Mary-la.bonne Volunteers. Letters from New-York, of the 14th July, re• ceived in town 'yesterday by the dfiexander, Voss., st ito, that a fatal duel took place upon the 12th, be tween Colonel Botta, Vice-President of the United States, and General HA MILTON, of New-York. The e vise is said to have been Lt a political nature. General HAMILTON was but through the body, and died on the second day after. He bore the best political charaEter in the United States, next to the late General Wasuirtorom ; and his loss is univer sally regretted by all ranks and parties in America. —By an order of the Corporation of New-York, there was a total suspension from business, also the Jay of his interment. All the bells were rnutil!J, and rang a sole.tin peal, at intervals, during the whole day. Mr. P. P. Va rgas was second to the Vice-President, an d J u d ge PENDLETON to Gene Ila•tivrom. The duel took place at Heboken. General lia t.roN, after he received the fatal ball, was carried across the ferry, to the house of Colonel Ilv an. where he died. Upon his death-bed, he solemnly declared, in the presence of the Bishop of Ncw Yoac, hi s forgiveness of all his enemies; his abhorrence of the practice of duelling, now become so prevalent in the United States ; expressed bis sorrow for what had passed between him and the Vic& PacsiDENT, and declared that be did not beat him the alighttst enmity. The sacrament Waf then administered to him by the Tltsuor, and he died .►itls.all that resig. nation ant firmness that hid distrrnguished hint through life. His son, an amibie. young man in his 21st ye.tr, was killed upon the very spot where the father fell, about two years ago, in a duel with Mr. GEo. A. E AKER, who since died of a broken heart, the•junior Mr. HAMILTON hieing b een .his intimate frier.d. The Coach Owners, &c. are coming forward, - with a liberal and patriotic spirit, with offars of Car riages for the conveyance of Troops in case a Invasion. According toletters from France with the last Ham burgh Mails, the decorations of the Members of the Legion of Honour have caused much dissatisfaaion among the troops, and many duels at Paris, and in the departments ;those who have obtained them being insolent and proud, and those without them bumbled and provoked ; many think, that Bonaparte will be obliged to follow the advice of Berthier, who, ro put a sop to these dangerous scenes, wished him to decree, that the stars of the Legion of Honour should in future adorn all the colours end standards of fn :ry regiment in the army, to show that all its odi.:ers es well as men deserve to belong to the Leg'on of Honour, though some individuals have had more opportunity to distinguish taemselves than others. Any person acquainted with the puerile vanity, and ridiculous presumption of French upstart:, [Lay e.tsily conceive it a difficult task for the Co. sican to gratify the pretensions of men brought up to, ari l fighting for, a delusive equality, and stidienly . C.l . ' upon to regard as superiors and p:iri'oee b individuals, their equal. by rank and bir h, fteik their inferiors in talents, courage, and in to d Os of honour ; because, though some deserving men have obtained this revolutimary knighthood, rre,,e ef these revolutioeary chevaliers owe diet d tcoretioas and appointments to intrigues, to crimes, uad to the despotism crercised by Bonaparte on this as well as on former occasions, whenever any profitable places or ciistinc - tions were to be dispo.ed of. Half of the members of the Legion of Htineur were for;ml'y adv e nturers, assassins, or paisone s with biro is Egypt, and the other half je chiefly curnpmcd of regicides and criminals, who, like a Fo+.Cile, l)avid, Barren., Roederer e , Cana, hericr, I and others, have long figuredio bloody an:.a's of the French revolution, and have up, been • ! tested by all good citizens, for the enarmizie, petrated by them under Marat, Roberspiarte ankl other worthies of their own description. It must be a pi:ay./sr incle:d to observe a Cardinal Caprara display his star by the side of avowed atheists and known murderers and roMscis,, and the representative of a Pope fraternise with the. priests and adorers of the Goddess bf Reason, and CAI apostates of the Titeephifantlirispists. But what must the officers and soldiiri. think when they see Murcau transported, and Prieur, Jean Bon St. Andre, and Jean de Brie; the murderers of this General's father, members of Bonaparte's Legion of Honour, to the exclusion of men who bled on the frontiers, comleating the enemies of their country, whilst these and other vile regicides, after murder. ing their King, inundated France with the blood of her best and most virtuous citizens ; who have come powerful by wickedness, and tich by plander, who owe to rebellion their infamous notoriety, sad to its success their infamous rank and afilience. Is there in the world, we do not say an eievateki nobleman, but an industrious honest mechanic, ale would not refuse to associate with those guilty villains, if they were not backed by power sal prosperity ; wretches, who now, under the arpolli lion of Senators, Tribunes, Leg:slators, Sec. L ivs proclaimed the most culpable of their accomplces an F.mperor of the French. A letter from Dover, dated yesterday, says : "We have been all bustle for this day or two pie, sending off men to the East and West Indeame n, just arrived. The Boulogne squadron is in Den• g,.ness Roads; the Duke of I: mosso D iS Crretei every hour to inspea the woks carrying on here, :rld several officers are in waitin7, to receive Lire. Tl:e Counters F.:/,r:, hied eatter, Lieutenant Dice itssote, is ordered t ighton, to attend on 1(w/A 11 . ghness the Prince of WA IFS " The Bard of Ordnance have directed a Mao" zire to he immediately erected at Wottons ealf Gloucester, to which place, as soon as completd , depot of gunpowder and military stores, at pc t. i.t lochzed in th%: city, will be removed. The Conyeerer, of 74 guns, arrived at Plymouti on Wednesday, left our squadron elf Feitoi Corunna, all well on the Ist instant. No further accounts here been received from car Ilzet off Brest. General licwirr has accepted the situation Barrack Master General to the Forces; and ita supposed that Colonel Co etas will be Deploy Pa' rack Master General. respetlive cfrns• sinus ate said to be wa'..ing for His M CST N ' t rt nature only. The Loyal North Bt itons are to be inspeaed bL. 'Major-General Po t rrs ( oho commands the Lnpr . to which they are AttAcheJ) on Weduesdals nee!. . 15:h inst. They arc to asiemhle in Gray' s lnn4' . : dens, at half past duet p. t. at:4l from thence! proceed to Harley Feld, near P atlend-place , n lo the inspecting General is to meet tLem. INNEN On venni Raab WAS P 'Arm pl :pi:a t a t ut : hdy VAS II c..Ae IL ;Pei ) Cobienta to sign a oh •ot any sacrifice on t toitteii the r newly c both its government a, armies. For different 1 t when vieorions in IBC only for some few A: give st i p fortresses as