The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1824-05-28 00:00:00

ev idence on Bills on which they were called to vote. Great I lart:. fortunes; atid it is evident that the ordinary balance a buses, the Riglittlion. S , cretary added, existed in Mein- of profit and loss cannot be more advantageous in this than b e n voting without knowing the subject on which they in any other commercial speculation, in which capital is voted ; b u t n o twithstanding the sentiments he always en- I embarked. Adam Smith, in treating on joint-stock corn tertaincd on the subject of reform, he would sincerely wish i panics, instituted without any especial privilege, and ca to see the practice of the House reformed in this particular I pable of carrying on trade successfully, places fire and d e partnient of its practice. After some further discussion, sea insurance among the number. " The value of the Mr. Canning, with great frankness, conseutcd to the appoint- risk (he says) either from fire, or from loss by sea, or by mot . o f a Committee to report the most effectual regula- i capture, though it cannot, perhaps, he calculated very ; i o ns to be introduced for the purpose of remedying the I exactly, admits, however, of such a gross estimation, as oils that at prsent prevail in conducting private Bills I renders it, in some degree, r e ducible to stri c t rule and me through Committees. Ministers, on this, as on every other I l thod. The trade of insurance, th e r e f o r e (h e a dd s ). may occas ion throughout the Session, have shown a perfect be carried on successfully by a joint-stock company, with readiness to make any concession favourable to the conduct out any exclusive privilege. But the great political camp of public business, and attended with any benefit to the mist goes on subsequently to say, " That to establish a community at large. Mr. !tunic's motion on this occasion joint-stock company for any undertaking, merely because ants equally well conceived and necessary ; and he found such a company might be capable of managing it success consequence the fullest and readiest acquiescence on the fully, or to exempt a particular set of dealers from some rt of the leading Minister in the Lower House. of the general laws which take place, with regard to all their neighbours, merely because they might be capable of thriving if they had such an exemption, would cer tainly not be reasonable. To render such an establishment perfectly reasonable, with the circumstance of being re ducible to strict rule and method, two other circumstances ought to concur. First, it ought to appear, with the clearest evidence, that the undertaking is of greater and more general utility than the greater part of common trades ; and secondly, that it requires a greater capital than can easily be collected into a private co-partnership. If a moderate capital (Doctor Smith adds) were sufficient, the great utility of the undertaking would not be a suffi cient reason for establishing a joint-stock company ; be cause, in this case, the demand for what it was to produce would readily and easily be supplied by private adventurers." The entire of this reasoning is strictly applicable to the establishment at Lloyd's, as at present existing, and the proposed Companies to he placed in opposition to it. If, as is asserted, and we believe truly, insurances are now effected at Lloyd's with perfect facility, and to any amount, by indi vidual subscription, and at moderate premiums, we see no necessity for any change, or any reason why large Com panies, with any peculiar privileges, should be established by the sanction of the Legislature, who may ultimately make a monopoly of Marine Insurance on their own terms, raising the premiums far above their present rate, and de stroying all competition by individual underwriters, by the force of inflnence, and numbers joined with large capital, which may be largely risked for a while, to answer their ultimate purposes of monopoly and aggrai.disement. • Lord Lauderdale 'a BM to repeal the Acts of the late reign, relating to the wages of persons employed in the manufacture of silk, and of silk mixed with other mate rials, has been printed, after passing the ordeal of the Upper House, awl is now before Ls. We can discover nothing in' this Bill to create the alarm betrayed by the body of jour neymen silk-weavers who attended the discussion with so much anxiety. The Acts which interfered with the silk trade, and compelled a certain rate of wages, were equally impolitic and unjnat. " Laissezjirire" is the best rule on these occasions. The produce of labour constitutes the natural recorapence or wages of labour, and will almost generally ensu. e an adequate return. It is true the com mon wages of labour depend everywhere upon the contrast usually made between two parties, whose interests are by no means the same. The workmen generally desire to get as much—the masters to give as little as possible. The former are disposed to combine to raise—the latter to lower the wages of labour. The latter, however, under the past system of the Combination Laws, must on tnost occasions have had a decided advantage, and been able to force the workmen into a compliance with their wishes. The masters, being fewer in number and more wealthy, could combine with greater ease and effect, and the law did not prohibit their combinations, while it denounced those of the workmen. There have been no Acts of Parliament against ecmbining to lower the price of work, while many have been passed against combinations to raise it. In all dis putes of this sort, too, the masters can held out much longer; the master-manufacturer may tint' other work men, or even if his trade auntie still he could generally live for a long time on the property he had already ac quired. Many artisans could not subsist a week, and few for many months, without employment. The workman in the long run may be as necessary to his master as the master is to him ; but the necessity of the last is not so pressing or immediate, though, in disputes with their workmen, masters must generally hare the advantage. There is, however, a certain rate, below which it se-ins impossible to reduce for any time the ordinary wages of even the lowest specks of labour. An artisan must always live by his work, and his wages must at least be sufficient to maintain him. They must even amount to something more, otherwise it would be impossible for him to maintain and bring up his family ; when, in any country, as in England at present, every year furnishes increased employment for a greater number of artisans than had been employed the year before. The workmen have nothing to fear on the score of wages. The want of hands occasioirs a competition among the masters, who bid against each other to obtain workmen, and thus in voluntarily break through the understood combina tion against raising the rate of wages. The demand for those who live by labour and its produce, ne cessarily increases with the revenue and stock of every country, and cannot possibly increase without it. The in crease of revenue and stock is that of national wealth; the demand for thole who live by wages therefore rises with the addition of national wealth, and cannot go on without it. The liberal reward of labour, as it is the n , -' ccssary effect, so is it the natural symptom, of increasing national wealth. Servants, labourers, and workmen t f different kinds, make up the far greater part of every great political society, and no society can be flourishing or happy where a number of its members are poor and des. titue. The liberal reward of labour increases the in dustry of the Rrtisan ; industry, like every other human quality, improves in proportion to the encouragement it rece:vcs. Where wages are high, we always find the work men more diligent, active, and expeditious, than where the rate is low. It frequently happens, that while high wages are given to workmen in one manufacture, those in another are obliged to be content with a bare subsistence. The one is in an advancing state, and has therefore a con tinual demand for new moult ; the other is perhaps in a On Wednesday night, soon after ten o'clock, his Majesty arrived at his palace in Pall-mall, from iVindsor. Yesterday afternoon, about four o'clock, his Majesty left town in his travelling carriage and four, on his return to Windsor. The Duke of York and the Duchess of Gloucester paid visits to the King yesterday. Yesterday the I)uchess of Kent, the Duchess of Glou cester, and the Princess Feodore, visited the Duchess of Clarence. Prince Leopold arrtvcd in town yesterday evening from Carernont. Yesterday afternoon, at two o'clock, a Cabinet Council was held at the Foreign Office, Downing-street, which was attended by the Lord Chancellor, the Duke of Wellington, the Earls of Harrowby, Liverpool, Westmorland, and Bathurst, Mr. Peel, Mr. ('anning, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Viscounts Melville and Sidmouth, Lord Bex ley, and Mr. Iluskisson. The Cabinet sat iu deliberation till about four o'clock. The venerable Bishop of Durham on Wednesday cow. pleted the 90th year of his age. His Lordship not only enjoys good health and eye-sight (not using spectacles), but, agreeably to his uniform practice, is most actively em ployed in various acts of benevolence. In consequence of the death of Henry Peirse, Esq. a can vas has taken place for the borough of Notthallerton, in favour of M. Iteciford, Esq., a relative of Admiral Sir John Bere•ford, who married Miss Peirse.—Hall Packet. In our City article it is mentioned that an Express has arrived from Paris with the account of the King of Por tugal having gon.t on board the Windsor Caul.% \Ye know not what truth there may be in this report, but we can positively state that no advice. to that effect have been `received at the Fot e en Office.—Courier. On Saturday the French Chamber of Deputies was oc cupied with the continuation of the discussion on the ad missibility of Mr. B. Constant, who was himself heard at the close. Ile terminated his speech by an appeal to the Chamber. The result was favourable. The scrutiny was secret. The number of voters was 352 ; white halls for the admission, 211; black balls, 169. The President then proclaimed M. Coustant a Member of the Chamber. The following extract of a letter from the Agents to Lloyd's, at Genoa, dated the 15th instant, is calculated to allay the uneasiness which the recent intelligence from Alexandria excited in the commercial world :—" Informa tion has arrived at Malta, stating that the Admiral, pre vious to his sailing for Algiers, bail received intelligence of the are ival of a squadron of men of war at Alexandria, and hail sent off one of his cruis?rs to reconnoitre them." SCILNCE OF ILDICINIC IN GFUMANY.—The last de livery, completing the first volume of The Bulletin des Sciences Medicates for 1921, add which appeared the end of April, contains, among other curious articles, a notice by the Learned Doctor Koreff, on the use of bellationy, as a preventive of the scarlet fever. 1)octor I lanneman, anc titer German physician, having ohs:vied, that the venom ous effects of belladony produced the same symptoms as those of the scarlet fever, concluded, according to a (loco ine peculiar to himself' in theory, that la helladune, taken in small doses, should be a remedy against that species of fever. 1)octor Koreff, although he does not admit into medicine absolute doctrines and exclusive theories, remem bered the observation of his learned countryman, during an epidemic scarlet fever (or measles) which he was called upon to treat some years ago, proved front experience, that although the bellatlony was not a certain cure, it was a preventive, if administered in a certain form and dose, in somuch that the closest contact with the person affected with the contagion was absolutely without danger, if the precaution was taken in time ; and even if taken too late to prevent the disorder, it would not fail to moderate, in a singular manner, the violence of its attack. This experi ment is particularly valuable for the north of Europe, where this malady frequently rages, and it may be hoped the small-pox will not be the only infection mitigated by this discovery.— Paris Puler. NEWS FOR Tlla BEM' NIONDE.—A private gentleman , is at:this moment actively engaged in preparing a novelty to !entertain the fashionablea next season, intending to open Ihis house with Sunday evening assemblies. IVe under stand that it is exclusively for the haul tun, who are to be entertained with sacred music, and that to gain access to these parties will be far more difficult than it now is to be come entitled to the entre at Almack's. The expenses (which will be very great) are to be defrayed by subscrip tion tickets for the season, not generally transferable, and limitel to two hundred or two hundred and fifty only in number. When we bear that none but those of the greatest eminence in the musical profession are to be intro duced, and that those enchanting warblers, Miss Stephens, Madame Ronzi de Beguis, Madame Vestris, &e., with Mr. Ruben), Mr. Sapio. Signors do Begnis, Garcia, &c. are already engaged, and are to appear every evening, aided by other vocal stars ; and also that Sir George Smart has undertaken to ditcct the instrumental depart ment, assisted by those who are esteemed as professors only, we certainly may look forward with confidence for a mat delightful as well as moral and innocent entertain ment, to close that day set apart for religious exercises. It is stated that oratorios, and other sacred music, as yet totally unknown in this country, will be produced. A programme of each evening's selection is %o be arranged by Sir George Smart, Mr. Braham, and Signor de Begnis, which will be submitted for approbation to a Committee of five Noblemen and Gentlemen distinguished for their taste and judgment in enUsic. declining state, and the superabundance of hands is there fore continually increasing. But all lezislation regulat ing wages in particular trades and places is impolitic and id-conceived. Thus ore particular Statute, the sth of Geo. 111., prohibited, nutter heavy penalties, all master tailors in London, and five miles round it, from giving, and their workmen from accepting, more than two shillings and nevenpence halfpenny a day, ex cipt in the case of a general mourning. In ancient times, it was -astral to attempt to regulate the profits of merchants and other dialers, by fixing the prices of both provisions and goods. All interference of this sort by sta tutory enactments is arbitrary and impolitic. The silk trade in this country will, in a few years, we have no doubt, b: come one of the most prosperous branches of our manu facture, and the demand will regulate the rate of wages of the workmen, by a mutual understanding between the ma nufacturer and the weaver. Lord Lauderdale's Bill re p.uls all the Acts of the last reign, including the 13th, 32d, and 51st of Gco. 111. empowering Magistrates to settle and regulate the wages of persons employ( d in the silk institiCicture within their respective jurisdictions; and also repeals the 19th and 20th Geo. I I 36th, toth, and soth of th^ same reign, passed in Ireland for the better regulation of the silk manufacture. The marker manufac turers and weavers will, we are convinced, very soon ac -I:nowlvdge the wisdom of this repeal, and the latter will speedily see bow groundless was the alarm excited among them by a prudent and well-considered measure of this description. We refer to an article on Marine Insurance in our co lumns this morning, in which the question of a change in the present system, by which sea risks are insured against, is very ably, arid, we think, very convincingly argued. It states the present rate of premiums to be lower by one third than was ever known before, in this or any other country. To make insurance either from fire or sea risk a trade at all, the common premium must be sufficient to compensate the common losses, to pay the expanses of management, and to afford such a profit as might be drawn from an equal capital employed in say other pursuit. Though some individuals have made money by insurance, very few have accumulated COPEYT-GARDEN Overwhelmed as we have been by new and splendid melo-dramas, and unlucky as we have been in our attempts at putting forth a single genuine tragedy, worthy of retain ing a station for two seasons together, It is quite refreshing to hear even the name of a new comedy announced, al though the recollection of our former failures makes it a doubtful kind of pleasure to go to see it. Our appre hensions damp our hopes, and we go to the theatre as if we were about to witness some desperate and unavoidable disappointment to one whom we Wish well to, but cannot in any way assist. Such were our feelings last night u we entered this house ; and a new comely called Charles, the Second,or the Merry Monarch, was not calculated to' subdue them. The very name brought with it associa tions of a nature to alarm our fears: for it as much as hinted that the maners of the piece were not to be of our day, and which alone ought in our judgment to be the soh jert-matter of new comedy, at least the most prominent feature of it; and then it excited in us a painful sensa tion, lest the author should, in having chosen his time, also have taken his characters from an age when morality was a bye-word, and a bold unblushing profligacy the order of the day. We were, however, in all these matters most agreeably deceived; but before we say anything of the merits of the new play we will give its plot, which is a very simple one. The Dramatis Persona' are— King Charles the Second - - Mr. Kembie. Lord Rochester . - . Mr. Jones. Edward, a Page . - • Mr. Punnet. Captain t'opp, - Mr. Fawcett. Lady Clara, . Mrs. Eaurit. Mary (Copps Niece) . • • Miss M. Tree. The plot is this :—The Queen of Charles the Second, feeling herself much neglected by his Majesty, in consequence of his noc turnal rambles, devises with Lady Clara, her Majesty% confidante, a stratagem by which she hopes to disgust her husband with his ire regular coarse of lite. Lady Clara, to whom Rochester is paying his addresses, consents to his proposals, on the condition that lie will assist in the plan. Rochester agrees, and learning from his' proccgi., Edward, that he is in love with Mary, the niece of Cap tain Copp, landlord of the Grand Admiral, at Wapping, he deter mines upon, and succeeds in, inducing his sovereign to attend him thither in the disguise of a seaman. The King falls into the snare laid for him. Arrived at the rendezvous, he pays his addresses to Mary, whom Rochester, from the information of the Landlord, discovers to be his own niece ; and that Nobleman, when the mo ment arrives for executing his purpose, privately withdraws, hav ing first left his Sovereign without a penny in his pocket. In this dilemma, Charles, when called upon for the reckoning, and unable to discharge it, gives up his watch to the angry Landlord, who, from its appearance, suspecting it to be stolen. goes out to ascertain that fart ; and Mary, accompanied by Edward, (who has come to the Grand Admiral, under the disguise of a singing -master,) visit the King. They magnify the danger he is in, and finally assist him to escape. Copp having learned that the watch belongs to the King, waits upon his Majesty the next morning, to deliver it up. At this interview, Charles discovers the trick that has been played upon him, and resolves to be more circumspect in his future amours, I and Edward obtains the hand of his beloved Mary. It will be readily seen, that here is but little scope for the display of character; and we cannot suppress our vexation, after all, that nothing better was afforded us ; for though we acknowledge the smartness of the dialogue, and the situations and incidents in this new comedy, we are convinced they exhibit a power sufficient to produce something much better, and altogether more deserving of the age. Mr. C. Kemble was a better sailor than sove reign ; but this was because he had more to do in the for mer than the latter. In the scene at the Grand Admiral's at - Wapping, where he and Rochriter, in the disguise of sailors, are drinking tea with the old Captain's niece, the acting was quite complete. The name of Rochester is just' just then accidentally mentioned, at which the landlord bursts forth, with a " I)—n Rochester !" and, on his repeating it, and adding, that he was the greatest of villains, Charles, for a time, forgets his masquerade, and says, " erlain this, it is our pleasure. ' We liked this incident, and so did the audience; but we did not like the explanation that followed, for it unlit vaned the whole plot, and every thing that happened after wards was as well known as if we had book in hand. We think the Captain should not have informed us so soon who his niece was. Mr. Jones per‘armed the dissipated ' Earl very well. Fawcett was exceedingly humorous and pleasant as the honest Landlord of Wapping. We fear, however, for the fidelity of the picture in these degenerate days. Mrs. Faucit, as Lady Clara, had but little to do, but that little she (lid very agreeably. iVe, at the first, felt some shuddetings for this lady, when she began to laugh and mock at matrimony ; but the author, we found, knew his part better, and not one double entendre fell from that lady's lips. We thank him for this. Miss M. Tree's Mary was that of a sweet innocent girl—nothing very striking, but perfectly engaging, and, as we think, performed in the most natural manner. She would do better were she not to stoop quite so much ; but this is a fault, we perceive, in all female singers, and perhaps one not to be blamed,for we pre fer it a thousand times to that bold and unfeminine attitude which the tragic Ladies are so apt to assume, even in parts the most untragical, and which suits not at all with the amiability of their st`x. Miss Tree sang two songs ; the last was the best ; it was encored, but there was nothing remarkable in the music of it, nor, indeed, throughout the piece. Mr. Duruset is too stout and tall for a page, but he can sing, and he was therefore necessary. file duet between him and Miss Tree was tame, though not altogether uninteresting. We could not help remark ing the impropriety of making Miss 'f ree sing her serond song in his Majesty 's palace, while she and her uncle were waiting an audience. This should be avoided. And if the latter part of the last scene was somewhat curtailed, and Fawcett would he less ridiculously shy at his first being in-, troduced to his Majesty, and a little less rude after he had overcome his bashfulness , we think the new comedy of Charles the Second, or theMeri ;a King, would deserve fre quent repetition to as crowded houses as that of last night, which was certainly a complete one. The piece was well received, and on its being announced for this evening the applause was general. The entertainments of the evening were concluded by the farce of the Irish Tutor and the Miller and his Men. FUNERAL o f the DUCHESS of DEVONSHIRE. I From the Derby Mercury of Wednesday.] The remains of her Grace the Duchess of Devonshire were landed at 1/over on the 17th instant, and were brought to Devonshire House on Tuesday, the 18th, at a late hour in the evening. The necessary arrangements having been made for con veying the body of the illustrious dead to the family vault in All Saints Church, in this town, the procession left Pic cadilly on Saturday night, and arrived at Loughhro' yes terday evening. Ile funeral procession reached Derby this morning, about eleven o'clock, and proceeded imme diately to the cemetery of the Noble House of Cavendish, in the following order:— The 17ndertaker. Two Mutes. Plume of Feathers. Two Mutes. Two Horsemen, in mourning garbs. Coronet and Cushion, carried by s Gentleman uncovered on Horseback ; the Horse richly caparisoned, led by two Grooms. THE HEARSE, with Escutcheons, most beautifully painted on Velvet. Two Mourning Coaches, containing the principal Domestics of the deceased. Two of his awe the Duke of I.7;;;;ltire'sServonte on lionebsek, His State Carriage, drawn by ;aHorses, closed the procession. The remains of the deceased were met at the church door by the Rev. C. S. Hope and the Rev. C. Hope, jun. ; and on the entrance of the procession the notes of the organ were heard pealing a solemn dirge, and heightening the effect of the impressive scene. The coffin was then placed in the broad aisle, surmounted with the plume of feathers, the coronet and cushion being stationed at the head, and the mourners occupying the seats on the right and left of the body. The sublime and mournfully touch ing Burial Strvice was read by the Rev. C. S. Hope, in his usual appropriate and affecting manner. At the conclusion of the Limit), the plumes and pall were removed from the coffin, which was covered with crimson velvet, richly de. corated with ornaments of gold, and inscribed with the name and titles of the deceased. It was then borne slowly to the vault, followed by his Grace the Duke of Devon shire, the Hon. G. Lambe, Mr. Foster, and Lord Hervey, as chief mourners, and by a train of attendants, whose feelings were greatly moved on the melancholy occasion. The Funeral Service being ended, the processhm re turned in the usual order. .1 0 01iTriGAL. A report Wis eurrentirtTity yesterday, that the Queen and Infant of Portugal, having completely owl medal in corrupting the troops, not only of Lisbon, but also of Teas os Monter, and various parts of the kingdom, had insisted upon the king's complying with certain con ditions, by which he would be deprived of all but nominal royalty; and upon his refusal they threatened him with dethronement. Tim' Kjng was then advised (it is weld by -Sir E. Thornton) to take refuge on board the Windsor Castle, and did so ; the other Foreign Ambassadors at the same time pledging themselves that their Sovereigns would avenge so flagrant an outrage. M. Hyde de Renville, the French Ambassador, is reported to have said that hit, Go s ernment bad ejected }ifs request to be allowtd to return and take his seat in the 'Chamber of Deputies, on the ground of his presenCe being necessary in Lisbon, to coun teract the intrigues of a Great Power (England is pro vably here meant); but that on an occasion of this nature, he could, not perform his duty, or comply with the wishes of the French Cabinet, if he refused his cordial co-opera tion. One, of the reports 'Oates tint the King was on board the Windsor Castle when the account left ' • another that he had been th ere t h ree 'days, during which the sol diery behaved with the greatettinsolence to the inhabitants of Lisbon, and to the suite of the AMbassadors ; but that order being restored, his Majesty had returned to his Palace. We Ekile French paper of Thursday's date cable to hand yesterday. !t confirms substantially the last of these reports. The news is to the 11th, from Lisbon. The King has been forced to take refuge aboard the Windsor Castle but Don Miguel had made his submission, and ac knowledged that he had been seduced from his duty by artifices. The Kfng Vrag, however, Still on board the Windsor Castle; he was to land on the 19th (his birth• elai), his authority being fully recognized. BRUSSELS. Mademoiselle Elizs Wenzel has 'finished bet delas at the (;rand Theatre at Brussels, amidst the loudest ap4 plause. The public threiv a crown of flowers to the young actress during the perforniance of Rosins, in the Barber of The celebrated violin-P . 4yd., Lafon, after having some time delighted the inhabitants of Lille, has arrived at Brussels, where he intends giving a few concerts. Alademoitelle Mars arrived on Saturday at Brussels, and on Monday performed in the Fille itifoatteur, and the Fausses Couplencrs. This represehtatioh, as may be imagined, attracted an overflowing house, which resounded with the enthusiastic applause of the spectators. M. Fischer, a singer of great reputation in Germany, with his daughter, aged 17, gave a grand concert at Brussels on Saturday, the 15th May. These two singers obtained complete success, and the public demanded a second mire! musicale. PROCLAMATION OF SIR F. ADAM. The following Proclamation, issued by Sir Frederick Adam, upon assuming the function of Lord High Com missioner of the lonian Islands, appears in the Cortii =elle of the loth ult. which we received yesterday : " FROciA3IATION. " Sir Frederick Adam. Going Cross of the Order of St. Michael and St. George, Commander of the Order of the Bath, Knight of the Austrian Military Order of Maria Theresa and of the Rus sian Order of St. Anne of the Pint Clara, Lieutenant-General Commander-in• Chief of his Britannic lonian Islands, and Lord High Commissioner for his Majesty in the l'nited States of the lonian !shunts, &e. lee. " Ills Excellency having received adespatch from Lord Bathurst, Secretary of State for the Colonies of his Majesty the king of Great Britain, i n which he is informed th a t hi e Majesty has been gra. ciously pleased to appoint him, in the room of the late Sir Thomas Maitland, to the postof Lord High Commissioner for the Supreme Protector of the United States of the lonian Islands, and hts Ex cellency having officially announced this nomination to the Presi dent and Senate, his Excellency communicates it to the public by the present Proclamation, which shall serve se a guide to the In habitants of the lonian Islands, and to all whom it may concern. " His Excellency, on entering upon the office graciously coo. fided to him by his Majesty, and thereby becoming the organ of his Majesty's unceasing paternal care for the inhabitants of these Islands, cannot conceal his want of confidence in his ability to vie cute these benevolent intentions, and this distrust is the mote in creased, when he reflects that he has been chosen by his Majesty to succeed the distinguished person whose memory will be ever dear to these Islands. and whose loss tin be no more adequately repaired than sufficiently lamented, " But, while his Excellency is profoundly and sincerely pene trated by these feelings, be cherishes the confidence that he shall be able, at least to a ce rtai n degree, to fulfil the benevolent intentions of the Supreme Protector, as his efforts will be directed to act on the same principles and in the same spirit which guided nil the actions of Iris esteemed predecessor, in fulfilling his Majesty's intentions. His Excellency the Lonl High Commissioner also derives courage from the perfect conviction that every endeavour, which has for its object the welfare and prosperity of the lonian people, will find an effectual support in •he wisdom of the executive power, and the patriotism of the lonian Parliament, and that the real of the Government in promoting the welfare of the lonian people, will produce the happiest results, seconded by the fidelity and attachment which this people have always manifested towards their Government, and their Supreme Protector, to whose pa ' taunt are they are indebted for the Constitution under which they live. " The present Proclamation shall be printed in the English, Greek, and Italian languages, and made generally known to the public. " Given at the Palace, Corfu, April 10, 1824. " By Coininand of his Excellency, (Signed) " THOMAS LANE, Ilrivate Serretaty to the Lord High Commissioner." _ _ P.4111.1.4ME1VT . ..IRI PAPERS. An Abstract of the nuMberof persons Committed, Convicted, Sen tenced, and Acquitted, in England and Wolin, in Seven Years to IBM, and Seven Years so inn. In seven Years, from 1810 to 1816: Committed for Trig—Males . -36.12 i Females - 11.397 Total `umber - - Of •bich acro—Convicted 29,361 Acquitted 10,214 No Rills found, and not 47,552 prosecuted - - 7,947 equallB,ll74l or &I per UV Of whom sentenced to Death . 4,126 Executed - - 'Eranaported • - Imprisoned and {Chipped IVliiiipeit, lined, and 1)1st-barged • 536 or 13 per 100 1/1.734 I,IA In Seven 1• earv, from Phi to Lazo Committed fur trial—Males . . 78,r47 l'emales . 14,135 Total number - 93,111i3 (The Number about doubled to the last seven years.) Of which were—Convicted . . . 62,043 Acquitted - 17,773 No Bills found, and not pm.ecuted - • 13,241 equal 31,409 or 33 per 104 Of whom sentenced to Death - 8,244 Executed - 691 or 8 per leo Transported - • Thuisported and Whipped Whipping, Fine, and I)ischarged 13,241 38.728 1,830 Number of perams Committed, Obtivicted, Sentenced to Death, and Acquitted. in lAndon and iliddksen, in Seven Years to and Seven Years to 1:124. To Qeven 1 earn, IFtim IMO to ISIC t Committed for Tnal—malot Females . 8.743 3,3811 Total Number Of which trer6.—Convietei . 7,121 11,1911 Acquitted 2.692 No Dills found, and not Prosecuted . 2,040 equal 4.732 or 39 per 100 Ot wham sentenced to Death . 1,018 And Executed . . . 127 or 12 per 190 Transported . . Inipriained and NS - hipped Fine and Whipping 1,471 7.; In Seven Vearv, from 1817 to 1824 : Committed for Trial--Arles . . . Females - - • Ito= 3,649 Total Numb►r 11,383 18,337 Of which wets—Convicted - Acquitted 4,609 No Dills found, and not prosecuted . 2,943 equal 7,0:14 or 38 per 100 1/f whom sentenced to Death . 1,216 And Executed - - 173 or 14 per 100 Transported . . - 4,415 Imprisoned and Whipped . 4,626 Fine and Whipping - 1,047 _ - Last Monday, Lord Fitzgerald left Ilastings for Dover, ship of Fife and to he appointed Lord 'Lieutenant of the I ••••••••••••._ .•__.,•. to proceed to Paris. 1 county of idinburgh, and that the Earl of Kellie is to. In the Court of Chancery yesterday, the Lora Chan- The 24th have, we believe, been very successful in re-' succeed Lord Morton as Lord Lieutenant of Fife.—Glas- cellor spoke of the " short time" he should continue to crafting at Brighton. gnu Herald. , preside in that Court. ifARIA'E TNSURAATt. It is proposed to make an entire change in the law by which the mode of effecting Marine Insurances is at present regulated. The object of this change is said to be, by the destruc tion of two existing monopolies, to produce greater compe tition in the manner of transacting this species of business. Such an expectation is vhelly at variance with the prac tical state of the rmestion. The law, as it at present stands, prohibits underwriting in partnership except in two instances ; the result of which has been, the ettablishtnent of a public mart for insurance, where upwards of a thousand underwriters, engaged in active competition with each other, carry on this branch of business. This system has bet n a hundred years advanc ing to Its present condition, which is acknowledged to be on of great perfection. Its results ire:—Extreme facility in minim-dog the bu siness of insurance; a lower rate of premiums by one-third than was ever before known in this or any other country ; the most ample security to the assured—[the most extensive insurance broker ever known in Lloyd's, declared in his evidence before the Committee of the House of Commons, that the losses by Insolvent un derwriters, On sums recovered by him in Lloyd's, did not, in a long course of years, amount to more than three pence halfpenny per cent.] ;—and the establishment of a system of communication with all parts of the world, con stituting a great public commercial benefit. The object of disturbing this state of things, is to per mit the formation of companies and partnerships for trans acting the business of insurance. It may reasonably he asked what is to be accomplished by this ? Will there be greater competition among large associations than among separate individuals ? Large Companies are already formed, ready to act, if the law shall permit tlittn. They compel their shareholders to insure with them, and there can be no doubt that every exertion and influence will be used to bring business to those Companies. The system of Lloyd's is that of individual compe tition. This competition is maintained by the quantity of business transacted there. New Companies must I materially reduce the quantity of the business to be done in Lloyd's ; individual underwriters will gradually retire from the trade, and the existence of Lloyd's as an estat lishment must be wholly endangered. Hainburgh affords an instance in point at this moment. Individual underwriting was destroyed there by the esta blishment of Insurance Companies. When the Directors of these Companies found that they bad succeeded so far as to reduce the number of separate underwriters in the city of Hamburg!' to only five, they came to an under standing with each other to charge the same rate of pre mium on all current risks, thus establishing a complete monopoly as regards the public. All public Companies are mischievous, which interfere with business fairly within the scope of private exertion and capital. One of two consequences must follow from the establishment of the new Companies for Marine Insurance. Either they will be successful, and destroy the business of Lloyd's, together with that excellent system of intelli gence established with all parts of the world, or they wiU be unprofitable and bring losses on the shareholders, neither of them results to be desired. If the fact was, that there was more insurance to effect than there were the means of effecting, there would be some pretence for the alteration; but it is wholly the reverse of this. In short, it is impossible to chew the least necessity for the contemplated change, or the least advan tage to be derived from it. P.IRIS. LFIOX A CORRESPONDENT.I PARIS, MAY 22. Man is an animal that, when well fed and well fattened, may be governed with a feather. But looking at the con dition of France, at this moment, I should say that the reverse of this maxim will also bold here; but I put but little trust in appearances. A cloud lours upon the whole European Continent, and will one day unexpectedly burst over it. It may be, that to Great Britain the danger arising from suc h an event may be only possible, but it is a danger to be guarded against as much as if it were real ; for it can only be prevented from becoming real by early and adequate precaution. No further intelligettcz has transpired respecting the affair of the fat of May at Lis bon ; it is not decidedly known that the French Cabinet are in possession of the particulars; if they are, they are pru dent enough to keep them secret. The King has not been out for the last week ; he con tinues to give audience to his Ministers, and to hear mass every day in his bed-room; for here piety and politics, like twin-brothers, go arm-in-ann. His Majesty s devo tion is great ; it is exceeded only by his digestion, which is still more remarkable. His Ministers also are devout, and should the fashion not change they will continue so ; it is possible, however, that with any change of events, a con trary current may set in, and the outward man will then take care of himself, lest the inward man should go to the wall. An immense crowd flocked last night to the Theatre Royal de l'Odeon Merope, to be present at the re-appear ance of Ma d lle. Gement:a : after the heinous offence given to the Parisian public by denominating their expression of discontei.t a cabal 1:11; en:, she bad tendered her resigna den ; hut happily • th accustomed relations of peace and amity" are restored. She came forward with her sin upon her head, in the sable w.eds of the widow of CI: eorn•NTe. A faint undertone of applause was heard, which betoken. d a reviving, spirit of gallantry ; the Lady gave a courteous and conciliating inclination of the head, and a few watery pearls were visible in her eyes, which called forth loud ap plause from one party, and vociferous exclamations from the other. It was difficult fer the patroness virgin of Made moiselle to say on which aide the votes would fall. The house was in great agitation, when lo! an oficor of police, with his staff of authority, appeared on the stage and eu treated silence. This entreaty came as oil upon the waves; it stilled the storm, and Madlle. Georges, profiting by the inter val. addressed herself to the pit—" Messieurs, si 'stria en le mallieur," &c., which, being interpreted, was to the tenor and effect following, that is to saw—" Gentlemen, if I had had the misfortune to have failed intentionally in that respect which I owe to the public, I should not have appeared before you this evening. ' Here her voice hveame tremulous, and her countenance betrayed strong marks of agitation. Tin E stood neuter for a full half hour, doubt ful whether it was to be peace or war: but at the end of this period of suspense all interruption ceased. The piece began : and scarcely had Madlle. Georges pronounced the first couplet, when a unanimous applause resounded from every part of the house, which was reiterated again and again during the performance. Certain it is, that, in this world beneath, we tread by turns on thorns and flowers. After the curtain fell, Madlle. Georges was 'ldled for, and received such " assurances of high consideration," as satisfied her that she was completely reinstated in the pub lic favour. Last week the Duchess of BERRY and Madame visited the new establishment of artificial iarshathm ' situated in the Al Ile l'roires. Her R0..al Highness and hercomely sister appeared deeply interested, and followed the myste rious process through all its details, from the down-lying of Dame LET, to the first chirp of her chick. flow delightful t,t perceive the progress of science thus bringing natural history, as it were, home to our doors, and initiat ing all, male and female, into the arcana of iticubatin !, As the love of knowledge advances, we shall in time send the youth of both sexes to a brooding-school, instead of a boarding-school. The . fi,ree t.erassahte of the system of education in these new seminaries *lust succeed to a mi racle. _ The deeply-deplored death of Loan BYRON occupies the 1 1 public mind in - Paris at present, to the exclusion of all other subjects. At the coffee-houses, at the theatres, it is the sole topic of conversation ; it has thrown :I gloom over all circles, public and private. The Greeks are felt to have lost their most heroic champion ; he died while striving to rend their chains asunder. lie bad surrendered all the allurements of affluence and repose, to assist in rescuing that classic race from the usurpation of vice and barbarism. The loss of his aid in this honourable contest is great in deed. Who again will strike the harp to Freedom as he has done? I tear, not one. IVe understand Hail MOrton is to resign the Lieutenant-