The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1824-06-16 00:00:00

I I E! - - _ nterevaree. equally applicable to new sad Oki States. In the pre sent coo- we ester list such an intatosurse for our own sakeo. tot that I nieSIS to say we do not owe duties of benevulenee to all tninkind ; but In the Brat place is our duty to feel for ourselves. 'Haring then laid down them few general principle, I have to call the attention of the (louse to a few Itiotrineal Inns illustrative of sten subject. The :n ited Provinet-• were for fifteen years in a state tit revolt ageism Siam, and in 1381 declared their Independence ; but list tint 11;1 matte the murder of I /ranee, he a person who was bigistally aealous in the support of iegitmate authority, and, to the shame and manilla of the then liovernotett of Spam be it spoken, they ennobled One family of that alesasin, who spilled the blood of nee of the best and ablest men of ea Honey of (hiuitte. In Intl, however, the United Prnvitnes neciered their inikpendence. and it was nut until $7 year. after. I we'd*, lamely. in the year Pun, that the obstinacy and blindness of Spain maintain' their independence, by the Treaty of Wesphalit. :tom the Hamm however, believe that doting till that time the other powers Of &Mope locked trimly on ? that they chose to have all their *einem open to the disadvantage. which such a want of ratogastien might have mipmeti then to, bemuse the Crown of Spam was against it t No rich thing. Every never in Europe sent ambawadors of the highest character to tie Hague, received ambanuoilors front the provincet, smi entered inns treatise withibern, only excepting one branch of the Hauge of .tostria, which ass null favoutable to the pretensions of Spain. Fort y.rwar years berme that treaty. Etglend maintained every diplin mane relation with than. and in the treaty of Ifni with Spain, ling. Sal tenon, to le itlidrawber ackno • ledgment of the united provinces, thoot.gh the Ninepin Sniaola was then in Holland eti " - tin spite. and Ni men t too ting t lie people of II them ne relit Mono subjects sit' their sovereign. The next "maniple mreeng i isn is more striking though lea remarkable ; to the revolt ;- Port ti eel from Spann in lank Thin :tetra of Portugal then adopted the act of thine aim threw oil the yoke of Spain ; and in January, lib in, a treaty of entity and Itimeinhip wits ctincluiled Int men Eng. hnti :OA Portugal arm es-hanged. though Stain s•nl r nitwit orknowialmng the independence of Portugal. The cam is still better illustrouid by thin that when Cromwell was in hts Pretreireate, all the Powers of Eurepe ant nlinisues !obis Innirt, and their arts were afterwards recognises% A. part of the ft daralnystem. None tit the pentane of Ehnen :he Second A nnie% to thio, because baking MIS said of the legitimacy of the lien ecntreent. A repave diplommic intercourse wet necesary 14 be kept up between the different governatints of Europe. and it einild only be kept up though the agency of Andean:l,lon. without pees jadiee to any rights to be Maryann claimed by (:hides, such Intercourse wig at the time atautotely necessary ties the safer of our own euhiceta, as well as for the rate in those States wide whom ee eentimted to node. But the recognition of the son of James ale Stettin by Innis the Fourteenth, was of a very different U:/meter. teens bad not foe his object iJ protect his own oubjects—he set as if In judgment on the state of things in England, and trended no far against the reigning Government. Now this adhetie a ste...lng contrast to the recognitions to which 1 Lave just nlluded. The recognition of an usurper can be no offence to the rightful claimant to the Crown. but it is widely . :einem in the ease of the recognition of a Prince entente posses :ann. Franceand the I 'nitsd States also present a striking contrast en this seinen. It has been lumps)• al that we non offence be caese no thnioniatte relations were held between them: but the eontriny n (he fact ; fur we took offence bemuse of a treaty of t..tat'ir and Vefensive being concluded betwten France and tin Lured Sites, Frame foreseeing that England would not think ti.rte was any thing Nke an Whence existing between theist. In Inc masusin of Sootily we have some canvas inftrmanoh, for it ne-ars that in 171111 he wss appointed Governor of Martinique, stiFf lestrunions to fotnent the rising diotornances in North Ante inne, to kindle up every discontent; Lett withal to d'n so as far as poinihis without giving offence to England. Something might be said of our own etwiduct to the nlahretas; but tine we were in a mate of war, and we hail a right to tonow the course we pursued. France, however, was then in a ma:e of peace with us ; and while 'peeking of the them molt in Amnion—while I am obliged to call the people resulted subneto- -they should still he dear to us all. for they were Legnsh in bleed, and free in principle. Perlin us I have dwelt too I. gon this subject t and I shall now pronetil to read a few extracts f•nni the State Papers to show what is the present state of the mit:a non as joetwreo England and the States oiSolith America. I shall si / nothing of the 3J (lea IV. els. 43„ as matter of fin the freentriti of these provinces, gieing them the boottit of our in:proven navigation laws, and the smite Urethan of trade as to all 'Mier FOureta. r shall my nothing of the notice given by us to :spina in Nov. Inn:. that Consuls would be sent to the provinces of Spilt America; nor do I blame the delay which subsequently ti.ok place in their appointment. Spain was then scaminuusly and mom unjustly attacked ; her situation was alnent without a parallel In the history of falling States. In fact, such was the state of Spea r and I was so much ii:fiuenced by it, that I declined present. .g a petition foe the recognition of the independence of the South Anent:an *Men Indeed, under no ciaumistences whatsoever wnunl 1 hoes dope any thing which might prevent :pain front meeting i.e of the most disgraceful attacks to be found hi any his tory. (Hear, hear.) The totter of Sir Charles Stuart to Mr. Can. r int stated the causes of drily in the appointment of Consuls, and here main the conauct of England forms a suikingeottuast to that 41 Frani:tided.* the American civil war. France then gave England the mot outwits assurances that she neither hail would have Cie slightest participation le the existing disturbaaces while she decent! on her independence. I shall neat advert to th e conference littneen the Prince l'olipac and Mr. Canning, dated the nth Oc. tnne, 16113, anJ I panel/tarty reeeminamid the saprcsaiona there unit to be anemia to by the Hours tens That the Britton (invert,- merit were on opinioe, that any attempt to bring Spanish America ageln under its ancient submission to Speto, must be utterly hope. Inn: that aU emaciatiou for that purl use would be unsuccessful ; and that the prolongation or Intend of war foe the same object would be ally a waste of human life, and an infliction of cahunitv on Loth parties, to no end. That the British Government would, howeter, not Italy abstain from interposing any tentacle, on their fart, to any attempt at ismuciaion which Spain might think proper le mate, but "meld aid and countenance suds neptiation, pen. vnteel it were founded upon a bests which appeared to bens to be practicable; and that they would, in any ere, rrmaiu strictly neutral in a war between Spain and the colonies, if war should be unhappily proloogeil. But that the junction of any foreign powers, On le enterprise of Spain against the Colonies, would be viewed by tnsin as constituting en entirely new queen's., and one upon wine!' they must take such &senior' as the interests of (treat Bet (stn night require. That the Brinell Government absolutely dia. tannal. not only any desire of appropriating to itself any portion of the Spacish Colonic*, but any intention of farming any political 'carotite:it with them. beyond that of entity and menet:rein inter. tnuroe. That the British Government had no donee to precipitate (not recognition, so long as there was. any reasonable chance of an acconensunation with the mother country. by which such a renown. tau might CAM first from Spain, but that it could not wait nide finitely We that Trani that it could nut consent to make its re eopinon of the Mot SUMO dependent upon that of Spain; and that it maid consider say foreign interference, by fume us by iner.ace, in the dispute between Spain and the (:olunies, as a motive toe rweignising the latter without delay." 'these I,mpowidolla are ell so just, the* ney can s i c h a e riel be called neinnenn mh as os, it must be all. , that In the icy of States it is generous us be just. (Hear, Inv.) I not read any f.rther extracts. Gine Reliant aliened flee trade to all, and claim. ed no new for herself; she proposal nothing selfish. I cannot 'moist the perusal of this paper. It gives the pleasure to reed its I ontacts tar and over again, (hent, hear) ; tie, while it contains mint:4lm dear to every Eninonntan, dignifying to every reel SiatdalUallt, "anal to be found identified w,th won't philosophy, Ind sreneing every 'nitrous bottom (bear, heath, otill I regret to asy they are prince seldom to be Meal thus practically pot for ward. The tof the Uuital state. has adopted ell these • twitteipka which were communicelest to the tlidieent States of Europe; arid, without reading any extra. to from his very able sprat 1 coma but serest the horpitievt 1 feel, that the two & Isiah Cuniniatwealths (and I pray they busty he ever so united) Shpt the aline doctrines. There is tin extraordinary coincidence between them upon tide pent : question ; allowance, of course, being maJe for their ditnereet rallizons--one being a monarchy Intl the whet a republic; but each loving and protecting liberty. (Ileac.) I mown but sconteniplate this coincidence with pleaSsuren he . lloth agree that if the cutest became /vine "de between pairself situ the colonies, that they should not interfere; hut, that if Spain onotobt only be used as one of the limp of the Holy Alliance-as atia of the tango of that beast of prey k hear, Mar), I say that liptit a; nee if Spain and Spanish authority should Ise only nominally ited to emend to South America, the baleful influence and mien plea of the lhan Alliante,—that in such an event, English liberty 'add be !Munn to neat any such attempt either in Eutepe or Sank Autatea. Nothing coati* is:dace England to deviate Insin enef; a polteyeand if any rash and infatuated Minister could unix Cmimict.- if soy enemy to liberty should lye mad enough alien much leas an, upon a different p liey, the people of Eng 1. sin sure. hart Min sine indignation sod disgrace from a situat min he no burger downed to till. (Hear, hear.) The II J %ISt is aware than on the 311th liceenaser last, the Count (gala (! an. not miltutitiad with the measure or tulle lit which the 1111111 e sloont hi preeousceen) it/mimed to Er.gland to accede to a eon t-rence, for the punnet:: of enabling his Catholic Majesty to re ...lnnen: the sway of Ills legitimacy In Saadi America—tee n on. tin profile of Mena mimic es all the seems Mid blew es ef that rule winds tee ntiaitnn of Spanianht now enjoy num him to Europe Haiti izlro Hear' ) ; and I an busily to ay dint the ans. er r am a 're,jaciinn, and a strict adherence • inigiaers biforenntninn ',Ant . England added, ilia: she would he nappy to see Spain !col the nay nu the recoguitieu ion the lade penile: of the South . l inedran states, for the greater security of Ihe thennel vein and w niesenre to Ikons the meanie-1 neer net the Etullort derianitnatinu of Janina by which 1 can naigern those rennin, nut such as diey are, to preserve the re. Illiilllo of a Cruse. to Spent:. beat.) Upon the sante sub. net i east beg the attaltion of tlic 'louse to the fullnaing extract' room a Inter of 31r. Canning to Sir Wm. A*Cotat, tistetilbth Janus'', Iln! I Put i: :lemon manifest to the Winn' Goyim-. mien di it if so large n nation of the globe Amid MAUI lOWA hanger •ithosit tiny leconeend tolitical esistenee, Or arty aa- Air pottiest conve‘i.gi vu t entablethod Governments of Eatope. tits cw srynercrd of steh a slate hI Ushiga must be at dote rise cn,l.rtas.i::l; to thioso Goverontatnn and molt inestious to Ilse interests of all Emerson nations."—l would tinily continue ho rend Linn documents, both front the Lamy ../ then omen. toe steellence tif the principlcs ther. eolit.stoi coinitreiMu for ulna* the feeble language in which convey open to the flout.; it but a poor substitute. 'The tee n/ray and effect cif all tho declarations anaasit siophy feu this : .• that the 001r . fillIliC111 are of opinion, that any attempt to bring npanin. Ateorten again wide: its ancient submiestue to Spain mutt ns latterly Imporleve; that 'AI stegoctution far that pureose would be naimettatni ; irtt "hat pr...toegatint oe mama of war tor the t amc ()Wert want be col/ a wane sif Anntam life, aid an infliction of calamity 011 built parties to no end." As far as the decimations fib Majesty's I.:on:L.:at went, in din p.ninicn an! tlny nano • the question. The next.kopic to which I advert. and one which I cannot speak from ausinwityr but bort, ignersl rumour, 121 the requ:st made to tins mummy, to revive and alter Its policy ste wards South America. 'nits was nommunkated in an invitation to the British Government to attend at • Congress, whore ti.e guts than between Spain and her ailonles .As to be comiderett. (hi tie . refusal of the (testament of this country to attend f o such 'a poroose, I an: glad to tir.d that the national honour of this country Ibu been vinsilcsod, and that England is England still. Hem.); Would to God that at Verona site bad ii like manner r efused to enter into or be an accomplice to any of the n achinationa of the' Holy or Unholy Alliance. Would that she had there protested against being a party to the conspiracies which the Monarchs Etrame had formed for the entliralnient of the liberties of man kind ! I will told another declaration, which, although I hare not before me in writing, yet I have been assured has been made by his Nlajesty's Government on this subject. It is this: that as long as France continued in the occupation of Spain, so long this et:un try would not consider any movement that may be made by Spain alone; but that she would regard any naval armament which might be equipped from her ports as partaking of a French cha racter. Whilst spain remains in the state of thraldom that at pre vent encompasses her—whilst she continues an invaded nation—l I cannot otherwise repril her (to repeat an allusion I have before! made use et), than as a mete fang of the Holy Alliance, by whoch South America nay be attacked, and a wound implanted in her bosom. f Her, hear.) Suca is the sense in which I understand the declarations which have been made by the tinvetornent of this country ; and indeed I must be dull if I did not undeestand them, tor I have devoted ninth attention to them, and they are laid down I in mynas distinct and intelhoible. Towards Spain we hare acted in the kindliest manner: our friendship. our good offices had been extended to her. she can complain of nu want of good filth on our part—and if Spain csanut complain, still has C3:l ally uthet nation of Europe do so. We have fairly out openly retinal to Min in any Congress loth them where this question was to be en tertained; we have dune an as our duty enjoined, front a sense of what we felt the interests of this country required ; and should any of the Continental rowers be displeased with the part we have acted, it disposed to act luridly towards us in consequence of our conduct, we stand tipcm formidable grounds, for we have acted in confor mity to the riglit of nations, and the established custom at inter_ nattoratlaw. (Hear, hear.) But I throw out with intlii,matim and disdain the supposition of soy nation presuming to interfere with es un &exeunt of the condalet we may deem it our right and our ditty to pursue towards sown .lincrica. Having said wi much en the expediency of fittrernment to girt effect to its own declara tions, I ask, why not adopt this measure now'? And here I speak of the present time not in a iretaphysical sense. for there are throe I know who admit time w be only either mot or ititure but I simply mean as immediately,aa due preparatior.s towanls the recog nition of America will permit. And I ask the question, why lade not adopted„rot with a view of hostility of embanassinent, but in • ' • ' ' • ' Znd for the spirit of calmness with which I began the discussion. at. - _ the purpose of procuring an explanatian, in order to satisfy the reasonable expectattoms of the large and respectable body of per sons in ibis country. who have extensive interests cetab!ipbed in South America. Already we have sent • Conimionontr to Co lumbia, whose reception there by Anderas afforded satisfactory evidence of an anxiety and desire on the part of the Govern ment there to obtain our recognition. and our alliance. The speeches of th.se et:trusted with command, and possessed of influence, breathist similar sentiments. In reference to the point of approach, of which this country and South America should meet towards a recognition of the latter, two condi tines wire distinctly understood to be necessary ; tint, that no re cognition by this country could tette place whilst a contest continued to be carried on between the colonies and the mother country ; and, secondly, bellow that recognition could be final and complete, Eng. land should be satisfied that a stable. Arm, and efficient govern ment Ras established there. It *a* wen understond, and indeed admitted, that tut+ a . gOverrmient did not: exist in tenth America, and that no araite.ble :vanish force presented itself there in oppo sition to the independence of the colonies. A dilemma then here presented itself; on either horn of which the would nut use the ex. of an Honourable friend, that 31inisters must be • • as men worthy to be citiwr I of free stain". To the te.tinmr.y of I**. Hall leas et iperailded that of a ladr, who hodeLi d Chili, and who bore testimony w terosurre with that province o f S ou th .t main sod of tile eltur.danat .1 .44! • atstageadef iY able f allelliNCT Clad an. of ha interne/ resources. %Vali such means it was ititpussible that America should not assert her independence, and that the discern ment and spirit of the 31exican nionnteineer should ne. pcvvede the whole of South America, and render ft utterl:; impracticable to revive foreign domination there. Once the market via thrown ',lnn the prosperity of America must rapidly increase ax veil as that of this country, and the recoguition of linglantl would be mainly available to oppose Use libottieles that still renamed to the entire end perfect freedom of her ports. One word, to eneclusion, on the alleged causes of delay: the internal agitaion and unsettled state of Aides were adduced as the natural canoes of delay; but I walla ask if the delay itself did not aggravate thole eery cause* which were relented to for its justification? hear, hear.) Ilmideo, it should be considered how this delay acts upon the feel- ings of these front whom recogettien sae withheld. This very mensure :s what would hasten toe cessation of the disorder, you comphur. of and would render dam pleasing, useful, and accept able, which cannot long be withheld. You may delay fora time the recognition of the rights of Arno ice, but in doing so you only • widen the breach, you encourage war, you prolong the edusion of b:trxl, end you at the tame time prevent her tram beconaini: ',mice of profit to yourselves; anti you mar thaw advantages abounds in—capabilities to yield to herself and to the eivilieed world. (Cheers.) To Spain nothing now is due by this cour.try ; and surely it is not for the purporc of prolonging the bleating% of the rule of Ferdinand the Seventh, that we should deny justice to A nieries. (Applause.) I would not advise lon to a tiolation of any declared neutrality_l would no:, fur the commerce of the' worl.l, lend tnyeelf to an act of injustice. But in recommending the prtsent measure I WI clear of either of these offencea—my recommendation is consistent with what you owe to other nation., that you would contribute to the consolidation of the liberties, and the rettortitinn of the happiness of sixteen millions of people. and that you would not be prevented from doing so from "toy ad m ire non of the legttimr.te and parental authority of the King of Spain, or from any auxiety to continue and preserve that sort of justice and law winch tinder his rule has so rapidly spread over the unhappy l'entusuln of I:urope. bond Cheers.) Mr. CA NNlNO—Unqueetionably, I cannot make any corn - • - -•- • and Learned passion bored, for 1 am dairtrus the delciasion should assume a calmer and more dispasionate tone) but a dilemma did pre. sent itself, either part of which xhoukl be adopted, after the propriety of recognition could no k tiger be denied. Either South America should be recognised as one general indepen dent State, composed of several States united in confederated alliance, or South America should be regarded its composed elf sacral separate Stater, in which case the recognition should be extended only to such States as had achieved their independence. But in either event the recognition should not be delayill, whatever may be the limitations by which that recognition may be regulated. There was no obstacle to such a measure to be found in any territorial extent of property which the King of Spain paneled in Scuds Amalie'. Ilse possessions might be briefly comprised in the enumeration of a castle in Mexico, a hone: in Chili, and a desert Mond in Peru. It was not to Ike wondered at, if all those pro liners did not enjoy the most settled tranquillity and repose. Some of than, however, had completely succeeded to the overthrow of the oki dynasty, and to the istabliohntent of a new gove rn ment Colombia for instance had either wholly destroyed the foreigner or expelled him from bee slimes. since their expulsion, throe rem. Awn, tentative usenkblies bad been convened, ma • earthling and effectire administratiim of laws had bees arablishoxi there. So entirely had she achieved her independence, and so far was she ad vanced to the establishuitmt of her freedom, that the General, Bolivar, by whom those glorious objects hat been seevauplished, was enablel to retire front Colombia. putting, by his ictireinent, I.4eistibia'S independence to a test similar to that which was given by General ‘Vashington by his resignation, on the achievement of the independence of Sank America. When the services of an 'individual might 'w spared, they were no longer requisite for the security of a nation. tither parts of South America had also effected their independence--Buenos Ayres had virtual) y established it fourteen years ago. It was 'Herd, as • cause of delay of tecugni. lion, that the provinces of South America were tort in a state of tranquillity and perfect quiet. And walk it than be said that we were to wait until South A nierim was not only independent, but tranquil. (How, hear.) Giti we lay down and tict upon this !team in our recognition of European sates? Certainly not. Were we, then, to have one vet of weights and measure for Eu rope and another ter Arnim ? Did we net recognise dram. and yet was not Spain in astate of internal agitation auddisturbance Loud cries of " •Ilear.") Were we not told of the blessings of the incasion of a foreign army into her territory ? Were we not as sured in this House, that humanity called fur their continu ance there, lest the Getious there might rise in vengeful hos tility against cacti other, and 'cut 'each other% throats? Were us not taught to believe Spain required this invading army, in onier to prevent the bigots of Spain from massacring, not only the friends of liberty. but all tiullit who were not liiends to proscription, and every specie% of impression ? (Cheers.) — And would it then be raid that the internal agitations that may pre wail to the provinces of South America would be a title tik the de lay of recognition, whilst we recol,mised this very country which claimed dominion over her, and in which even greater disturbances prevailed ? (Applause.) Least of all should • complaint emu fnmk England that South America had not, in the infancy of her Independence, presented a perfectly formed Dovecot/rent, in all -ts satisfactory and complete. Should we object to this. who , . paint either oi the ton e of the omit of try lion. _ Friend. or of the topics which he 1t thought proper to introduce. If, in the situation in which I liana the observations I shall make appear to Mar but • small propartiti;i to the extent which he would ressinitnend the House to go, I hope he will not causider that I decline to do so, either from the want of a sense of the importance of his statements. or front any disrespect towards his opinions. Al. though, as my lion. and Learned kriend ham *tried, the condom.. vial interests of this country must be greatly 'Rated by any niea. sure that England may adopt, in her rchition with the Spanish Sr Colonies of South America Colonies, or rather the kW Spanish Colonies or yet he is aware also that here are other interests of r.o km import. once, but of a more daily fluctuation, which should also be consulted. Into the discussion of those interests I am unwilling to enter, for I am sensible, standing here as I do, responsible for the opinions or his Majesty's Government, every word I utter may b: subject floconstruetions, and inferences may ha drawn, which neither my Honourable anti Learned Friend nor myself would wish. lam therefore desirous rather to restrain, than to encourage a disposition I feel to hillow hint in the various topics to which be 1121, adverted. I ant &Anon for this reason to confine myself to .he mere statement of faets, with such qualifitatians only as may be necessity for the chair understanding of such state. merit. My Honourable and Learned Friend has given a very able and accurate analysis of the several steps that have been taken front time to time in the measures that the Government of this country has taken towards the recognition of the independence of South America. And, first, in point of order is .the conduct of ringland in reference to Spain, of which she had no reason to complain • and, with Soinh .‘merira we should be satisfied, for, by the policy of neutrality which she declared and acted upon, the abstinence of Enghind front interference admitted her to be a power of belligerent equality, and, pro Melo. tended to rase her in the • taken which was a still XV is 1.1( nations: In Inn the nett step was , A who.. greater approximation between this country and South America by our tecognising her commercial fiag. Shortly afterwards the breaking out of war between France and Spain occurred ; meanwhile the sepatation of the colonies remained undecided ; the substantial recognition of digit independence was delayed by the circum ,stances of the state of the colonies. Government left nn ground el complaint, for, from the conamemxinent of hostilities be. tween France and Spain, it resolved to suspend its dcternii. nation as to any measures it might adopt towards South Ame rica, until the decision of the contest. After that decision, or rather at the very moment of its declaim, and before its consequences could be known, a warning was given of the course this Government would pursue. A joint conference on this question was proposed, and a proposal was made to England to partake in its proceedings. In consequence of this proposal, • communication was made in the first matinee to the other na tions, and lastly to Spain, declining on the part of the Government this uu,. - an joint ---- oe this eountrj to iaks input in the j..—st conference to which it had been invited. This. I believe, is the last stags to which the pnoc!edings trd TUE (hi s l eet was before adverted dent State. Toking the matter in this light, and with i sieir to the acknowledgment of the independence of these States—recogni tion he would avoid, since the wutd seemed to he objectionable— viewing it as not, in the slightest degree, involving us with the loather country, and still low posaihlsto involve us with any other State them, hear); for as to any interference, any attempt either front itussio, Austria, Prussia, or France to lecture this country upon the time when it wan prudent for her to acknowledge the in dependence of South America, he held it to be utterly impossible to do more than iniagintrit. ( ch eers.) With these convictions be . . trusted such official asaarom.ce . Would speedily arrive, of which, in point of (act, and to a certain extent, no one entertained the slight me doubt, as would remove the only difficulty that seemed to he in the way of the acicnowltdiment of the independence of these States. p er t h e roo m s a gn i ted t ee try Hono,irable Friend the Member for Coventry (Mr. Ellis) the doubts expriNeed by the Judges—the general insecurity of our commercial transactions with South Awe rica--he wished that the period of their recognition should be tie layed to as short a time as possible. The petition was then entered to lie on the table. Sir J. 31ACK I NTOSJI, in moving that the petition should be primed, expressed his satistaction that the Honourable Member foe London, acquainted as he necessarily was with th e impressions of so h rfe a portion of the conimerend community, was pleased to approve of the effort that he (Sir J. Mackintosh) had made on thee otraaion. He had felt It to be his duty to obtain as much information on this important question as the government would give, and it wan quite dear that unless this question had been bought forward by some 3lember of thee House, much of what had appeared in the statement of the Right Honourable Gentle man, and foe the concealment of which he imputed no blame to hen, must have remained in perfect obscurity. It was ad mitted on all hands that the recognition of the Independence - • of South America was a question ol the greatest interest to tins country. In an account which he had read, and which pur ported to be a speech of Lord Liverpool's, it was stated that the exports of this country amounted to 41 millions, of which 17 millions go to the Colonies, and of these 6 millions were ex ported to South America. So it appeared that 1-i to of the exports of this great commercial country proceeded to the marts of a country whose independence we deferred to romp ise. Ile contended that there was no political regulation for excluding from the rights and privileges of an independent Sa'e a cour.try which was the market of one.seventh part of the exports of this country. On the employment of capital be had merely to say, that he was not likely to engage in speculations to that rising country. since he found that he had employment enough fix hill cayiLal at home. (A laugh.) But he saw no reasons for condemning the traffic with that country which appeared to some objectionable. A trading in money at home or abroad always appeared to him just as fair a trade as any 'thee Iles - And it seas not with the view of enforcing con- other. ( Ileac.) tracts now made that those who thus speculated were anxious fug the seknowledgeinent of the independence of these colonies. Sir. CAN NIN' ' in c• planation, ' he bed not intended to in . Parliament. In addition to these , I have only to Half. that Govertiment afterwards resolved to reserve to itself the right of acting as it aught think tit s ith respect to the Colonies. It was anxtous to give Spain the precedency of recognising the in dependence of the Colonies. Yall that object, could tt be attained, it would be expedient and politic Wkoapend our decision. lint die feet which I ant anxious, and ant prepared to state to the noun, is this—shut whatever steps we take we will take freely, according to our own judgment of our interests and daty,and without further reference to Spain. That is the fact I wish simply to cossomastinicate, and sin indisposed to accompany it with any explanation of our probable conduct, which would be liable to misapprehension, or to throw out any vague conjectures as to any ulterior course. (Hear, hear.) In my anxiety to avoid the risk to which surh a discussion would expose me, I would here conclude but for the purpose of availing myself of the upportunity afforded me by my Honourable and Learned Friend. of sayisg a few words on the term recognition, the sense of which has been somewhat mistaken. It is a term to be undastood in two senses—first, as regards the colonies in relation to Spain ; and secondly, as regards them in relation to other countries. When I say Spain teeognites the independence of the South American colonies, by that recognition she con. inns a•free Uovernment ; whereas when England or any other country recognises their independence, she merely makes an acknowledgement of the fact of her independence, or rather stews her opinion of that fact. Spain is the parry moat interested in the question. To be sure, neither fire, sword, nor cony ono, could extort this recognition ftom Spain, if site had resolved on a positive denial of it. Although she had not power to maintain that denial in effect, yet as she had a power to stalicate which we had not, it would be preferable that her recognition should take precedence, fir those who wished for the recognition in the minor sense, would surely be glad to see it in the lint instance . given in the larger and more extended. The recognition of Spain gave a de i-ce of authority which ours C • not confer. By the former all obligation was at an end ; by the latter the Culonies were relieved frmu no obligation, for none pre-existed. The one is a recognition of fact—the other of opinion. The priority of the recognition of ' ' be -sired, and -- • s effect • rhadec" achieved our own independence through scenes of difficulty and danger—who had to struggle through the cruelties and injustice of the reign of Ilenry the Liglith—wito had known and felt the perse cutions of Papists in the reign of Mary, anti who had known, too, (sorry sin I to avow it) of the persecutions of Protestants under the reign of Elicabetli ? It little became us to be surprised at the im. state of freedom and internal liappinem of South America.ran I should wonder were it otherwise, and should consider that if her situation was otherwise then it at present was, it would be inconsistent with the history of all nations, and at varlet c with the principles of human nature. And was her want of perfect internal tranquillity (admitting disturbance to prevail to a greater extent than even was contended for) a reason why this country should re fuse her the common courtesies of nations P 1 would be glad to know what is the precise quantity of agitation which should disqua. lily a nation from having diplomatic intercourse maintained with Air. CA N. , said, .._ ..ued to impute any blame to those who had employed their capital in the way that appeared most beneficial to them in their recent amnesiac I with South America. All he meant to state was, that. these per sons were nut so much interested in the recognition of South Ame rica as they were ioducod to imagine. It' his lion. act! Learned Friend supposed that an eximtation was not prevalent amongst these capitalists (whale practice had not, though he regretted the cape, the example of his lion. and Learned I riend to support it), he could assure him that the repeated communicatlons wl...ch be had received on this subj,et enabled him to inform his lion, and llocrned Friend that he was mistaken. (Ilear.) hie J. MACKINTOSH explained, that the example of the United States of America cltcrly proved the compatibility of recog nition with perfect neutrality. In their recognising the independ. epee of South America, they seconipanied that Art by the derbies don, that in the contest between Spain and the Colonies they would , adhere to a strict neutrality. Mr. EVANS made a tew observations, which were inaudible in the gallery. Sir F. BURDETT was quite unable to collect any thing distinct or intelligible from the explanations of the Right Honourable' blentleman opposite. He had, indeed, with a great deal of ingenuity, and a vast "multitude of words," abstained from giving them any information. lie would nor enter into those nice distinctions drawn by the Right Honourable Gentleman between acknowledgment and recognition. Recognition seemed to hint a simple word with a simple meaning, and it seemed to hint that the I recognition of the independence ut those Colonies by this country would prove a touch greater boon to them than what be believed they did not are much about—the recognition of their own States. (Hear, hear.) That State was perfectly unimportant in the estimation of South America, but with regard to this country, it wee a very different thing; relations had grown up between this country and berth Atnerica, most important in a conitnacial eharactsv, and they were felt hem one end of this idand to the other, nay more,iteknowliadged even bythe )tight Honourable Gentleman. It became then a question worthy of consideration, how it could Kapp n, with such admissions in favour of 'titra it was still Spain was therefore to .. desire; - would give more to our recognition, and work more good than any act of precipit incy en our part. There is another arise in which the term is under. Mood, against which 1 wish to guard, and which varies from the simple declaration of opinion I hare above stated; 1 mean that sense (in which It is sometimes taken). which an expectation of assistance, alliance and co-operation, and other consetNences net neversarily belonging to it. Now this was a distinction very lon. portant to he attenied to . • and whatever might be the advantages that recognii inn was expected to confer, they would be entirely de. stroyed, if the boon were given in one sense, and accepted in an.. other. (Hear, hear.) This was the more to be attended to, as 111 nation acting un the principle of neutrality should be caudate of the marling in which its recognition era new government was to be understood ; and it should be provided that It did not create ex. trier • or v .-- expectations. his lion. and Learned . recognitL wuhhehl, and he thought his Hon. Friend ( Mr. Ellis) had answer. ed that question. It 1/111l quite evident that there w 35 soma other reason nut put forward by the Right Hon. (lent. on this 001:114011, which made him cloak 'As sentiments in ministerial mystery, sod that was, that hie Majesty's Ministers had not made up their minds as to what they should do. His Hon. Friend ( Mr. Ellis) had too them that the Judges had expressed doubts, and he might have added what was more remarkable, that the Lord Chancellor had expressed no doubts (a laugh), for he bad declared, that let Parliement do as they plowed, he would not recognise the lode. peptise* of Smith America. (Hear, hear, been) Ile con ceived that his Honourable and Learned Friend who had brought forward ibis petition deserved the thanks of the country ; but be trusted it would not rem here, that his Hon. and Learned Friend would follow up that petition by sonic specific motion, so shaped as to compel Alintsteft to disclose the course of policy they meant to aitement • ..et aced • loci. A diplomatic inteires sine wits that which, in my opinion' is Friend has o rrorrai e rwo casts; which he has thought roper p to sail • 111011*011this subject. The Right lion. Gentleniati 'timid have the mode best calculated to commence the recognition of the booth the horns a dooms. With every respect Mnions, r hi. opil owe 1 0 AmericanColunies. had already iontoutliim 1111 l unbitten taxteoo. it does not miasma to lw one. Either (my lion. anal Learned Friend pointed out the advantages that were to moue to England from sold in order that, eliould any initiates be done to the property of says) you must recognize South America as one mars--as a gems's' this singular inversion of policy ; and on the other hand, what in. English merchants, through their interfevence it might be redressed. govern ment, composed of confederated states—or you must regard conveniences would be produced by following the plain and straight This was, as to the fact of equivalent to the situation them as states possessing a separate existence. Now I cannot at all forward coin of reemmition. When it was considered of what of .Hubaseiodure, whom we sent to the Aileti of Europe, sad there 1011141111 regard Smith America as a government composed dein. imps to the relations of this country will the recognition of were wawa roams to mending paw. .lusted with each powers mum, becelbbe knowe(oe Wilieb„ tire assembly. or of m the inelepaidencY of thaw States--the gum mischief that must In • voting and ncently.fortned rowerthan to Governments of older comeituted authority, which assumes die power of enaiting laws es who from keeping the commercial world fa a state of uncertainty . establithment. The kiss tranquil a state was., the greater the den. ;of directing the government of the whole of South America It is an @you mere punctilio—he hoped that his Hoe. arid Learned Friend ger or an attack on property, and therefore the greater I utter irupossibWty, therefore, tovegtwd South Amnia in one nation, would bring the subject before the House. in enter that the grounds was necessary ; diorites° it was expolient to Invest the person I subject to theasine laws, and surrounded by the same circumstances, of Ministerial reluctame to acknowledge the independence of so tin. sent out with mom extensive powers, and larger authority. One My Hon. and Learned Friend has stated, and io that I perfectly po r t ant a State mi g ht p lainl y and unequivocally appear. Upon the of these C o nniseioers might proems the redress l of a wrong, but amen, with him, that it is the duty of the Government to take . subject of enforcing past contracts, he knew not what expectations he could do no more ; whereas. Dlit invested with higher dielematie i every possible ' cans of obtaining that information as to the pre. i capitalists who had invoned their property in South America might powers, might prevent a war. Whilst a war was canio) me be. Wee condition of South America, which they have not yet ob. ; entertain ; but of this lie was certain, that the recegnition of t h is' tweet Spain and the Cokinies, the recognition of the latter might Mined. If it be a reproach, I must, however, plead guilty to ig n o.. country would give incremed value to their property ln proportions: be complained of by Spain ; beyond th at, however, nothing i ranee of the condition of these province% ; with respect to them I it would acknowledge the new government. could justify delay; w r hail Spain a rieht to expect any thing be. I know nothing except what I have obtained from the same waivers 1 Mr. HUME was not satietied with tire explanation offered by the yond that. Under awls circumstances it would be far prefereble to ! which are open to the lion. and Learned Oentleinen ; and there ! Right Hoo. Gentleman. When it was considered that at one period Bare an open and avowed represenualve of this Goventment, than i accounts, I admit, COMSIII much truth, though I cannot help think. we had our Consul it Akieel, it was rather sin g ular that no such to carry on, u re peent, a disguised and tineroweel diplomacy, Mg they arc ocanimally exaggwated. This is all that, consistent Protection should be a heeled to the British eubjects, trading as which war subject to tiny inconvotietices, and did nut aflord sun. with my duty, I think it necessary so %latent the Honourable anti they did so extensively to South America. Ile %liquid hare mi ttens muteethm 'l'u slow, the expediency of ample protection to :anted Gentlemen. Of every principle which he has laid down Meted hoot gie candour of the Bight lion. Gentleman some esbla- IlritWe interests I would refer to the petition which alluded to from the papers on the table, entirely approve. It will be for natory statanent on that su bject. It leleival England to see how their extent and their daily increase. It stated the catablisinuent hint, in his sound discretion, to determine, whether the program of it came 40 pass that to a tummy where so large a portion of her in. of a hundred Engliek houses, amp in %ming the increase that recognition, of which he is the advocate, may not be retarded duster and capital was torwinded, protection was afforded. In of commercial impectance which South America was to this rather than advanced by urging its to a premature discuslee. St. Domingo, most unquestionably, there was every reason fur , country, they stated that in 112!, the amount of the ex. My ilionourable aid Learned Friend will judge whether it be ex. 'Seeding that protection to Ilritieh inereluents. lie thought that ports was aetteettellf. ; and in le, Lei 00.01.00!. ; being an in. patient, in a state of things necessarily partaking of so much no. Wecl7, pomade encearagemeni should lie given to the connection ; crease in one year ofltietiltell. Again in the export of coma grinds certainty, to press for a discussion. grown% between these two countries, end to trusted that the recog. which ware seat euttin begs queatitles both to North and mouth ale T. WILSON rose— 'Mon would be speedy. America, a Mager quanuty was imported to South than North Mr. O.INNIHO said, his Right Honourable Friend had The petitioners. then ordered to be minted. Ailettei the amount of exploit to the latter, aoeunling to she atea 'reminded hint that there was one mat of the speech MESSAGE EJIOM THE LORDS. panful:l, Ming I million-4u the former 411841.1. Wear, hear.) of h liehnuedde wed famed Friend which he lead left can. A message from the Lords announced that their Lordships had To Mote who may desire inure rumple !emits of the advantages answered. The invitations origheaUy made to this omen by atm' to several Private that would result ('ruin the setablishutent of ants commercial titter these Colonies hal been renewed and declined. TAIE COLONIES OF BERMUDAS. with that sometime, I beg us refer lien. Members to the exert. Mr. WILSON again raw. bet from the noiee occasioeved by Mr. ELIAS awed that there should be laid before the House lent book of I 'amain Boa Hall, who visited many parts of Sunth Gentlemeu leaving the House at this period, be was not heard in extracts, or a copy, nom the report mule by Captain Maemair,, Anicrirse • *mg. with which, I presume,leendaneu are not un. I the .gallery . We undo him to stew, that the comansoolal lathe ti the Veltman' of Bennuelati.--Urantal. aciitesitiesd. keg to advert to a 01/11Vetiatill which he same to have !met of the weenie', awl Ms coreeitoents in paticular, were in. SLAVE TRADE. hail with is moentainew w Meeks). On being asked how he liked wrested ie the recoretion of Obese Colonic:, and the Honourable Mr. WILBERFORCE rune to present • petition, signed by the the present stated thews, and what Meiection lie enterteined to the sad Lamed Gentlemen had brought forward the subject with so Web Sheriff of Carlow, and several highly rem table geotlemen, Spinel government ; he replied he did not know much of politics, math ability, sleet he was entitled to the gratitude of aft who felt dleeftweerlng of the dace trade. They coeceived that the conduct of but he law nu 'taconite for obeying a monarch who was sic thou.l for the independence of Smith America,. his Majesty s government in this cieseirm was compromising and in. le sand ngues (intent from On being further interrogated, he Mr. ELLIS conceived that the country felt considerably in. abeam It was resident that soneuhing should be 41011•10 sated, ppreienetontnduitel Ma, ILS another and a strung reason hue preferieg the Imam' am' levelled in this question, and had radWlneet adjourned without evil consequence of these clothing authorities. He would went his state of things, that formerly lie paid nine atones fur • shirt, discussing this gelation, he was sues that general dissatisfaction Right Hen. Friend Mr. Canning) tigaird forming his o w hover tow he only paid two. This was s practical alumnae° of • woad have prevailed. He would wow mere, say that the acknow. the infeematiou derived from pentium on the other side of the water; the Mooing% ef this leer commercial policy, which it is our interest ledgement of these Colonies as independent Mates, by this country, they was full of prejudices on the subject t the slaves were not and duty to presume and to reciprocate those advantage% by which would do more good towards allaying the factions that existed In mosisliered Y human beings. In liwbadoes particularly they mutoel benefit% were bestowed on Olen. It is twice blessed. It South America than the acknowled e etnest of their independence teen held in them at abject coeteuipt. The laws respecting the blosseth him that gives and him that takes." It was but fair to by Spain itself. Ile expected from the speech of the Right Hon. eau der of slaves were leis severe there than is the other Colonial. ' regard a motile with whom such advantages were tel be shared, as Secretary that this recognition would not be longer delayed than • The feelipassof the people of that Wand had progressive) y increased caudal to the rank ard dignity of pet= maws, and w treat thew his Majesty ' s Gurenunent might feel abitelto.cl) necessary w the i 4 lielence, and ITRC litre smote egeeperated .bairn the Znelae safety of the State. He cou:d rot, homer, /nosh! obaerviag, :hat j Parliament. it wsi imnoasible to expect that the Col in t, 4 while these protsSlo fermignhloh, tor so he might tents them, : lathers wisold miry into diet the recommendati ons of p.. i Ar•• ode made by!his hilajes.y's Government in that 'louse, doubts t unless some strong measures were resorted to, a . d t h e exewe ' "Act were thruwn out in Courts of Justice. something approaching to ! enmity of Patliament enforced. The lion. Gentleman t1;:n. referred Resolutions made in these ('trans hev e r to recogniae the indept n- : mine acts of injustice on the pan of ow lisobadian A ir chancy of the c States. (lime, hear.) These cairn-saint:a. proceed- !against the rights of the colonrcd people in that is l and ; th e y ca sh 'Y ing trom such a qua.:er, leer: CA:Cs:LOLA to shake the faith of the . the most wretched rind depressed set of persons then eea id ~ commercial world, arA greaq to hmrde and =barna all our . imagined with the nominal possession of freedom. .„„ ' mercantile relations with those neateneaten.to say tlnir samOition was far n:ore tole; Ale in Jam a i ca , r e i11if8.1411.131 did not rise to protract this d!scumion, but , limn Gentleman then real extracts from an Add- no bran thefioS he must be permit eel to express his gratitude to his lion. and ! coloured people of ilarbadoes to the Governor, and g eo frsea Learned Friend, for the masterly and comprehensive view he had the reaohmions peened by the Colonial Legislature in c , w;we taken of this question, second to nohe ir. iu insp. native. He was of that Addree‘ The .pirit of the fatten document was o hm ; exceedingly sitti.ti,d with sobs' part. of the Sillekeh of the Right SUlrsC44.llt ohew how disuissihie were the charac.ers of the (silo. lion. Secretary for Forego Affairs; hc rather thought that the pc. I nisi Legisleurew Who could suppose that such bodies woinj tioners themselves would be penectly satisfied with the greater lay aside their prejudices, and co-operate wish Parliament - 4 part of what lead fallen front the Right Hon. tit:airman. With measure's which they falsely conceived to be highly irjorious :0 no pan of what the Right lion. Gentleman hail uttered, would the, their Monists ? it was therefore peculiarly i , eunihent en t h e petitioners and the people of England generally feel more satisfied British Parliament to interfere hi support of their own anch or i te than that in which he had though': tit to i.tate, that this Govern. j and their desire to ameliorate the condition of the elate pon a i nt iZ; spent would adopt no step--wuul.l yield to no renionanacce— I against the violent and disobedient conduct of their Colmiud it s would listen to no solicitation, however pressing. calculated to fet-hmintdice• Pathan cot would nttt interfere. the". in fact, the ter them in their isroccedings with South America. tie was satia- , Colonies were Mileprulent of this country. The Hoe. GentLnain lied that this pun of the Right lion. tientlentatia speech would' / concluded wish nsortog that the p e titi o n be brought up. produce universal satialaceion—that it would resew the pu o lie as. alr. BERNAL complained of the conduct of the Hononnble surince in the ultimate and speedv recognition of these Colonies. 31enslx r for Member. who at the elate of thetiemion, without my Frills the sentiments of the Right iimi. ..entleinsn. he thought it notice lad brought turward so many serious charges sown the might reasonably be concluded, that to the recognition of these Cointihms- Why hod he not given some intinAtiol3 of hha i nter. Suites he only wanted official or atithoritative communications, by !Sim s so that they might have been prepared w i th swipe explanation which he an wet mewl" information from our own a we . • o f th e affronting charges be Lad made against them ? 'l' he lion. ditcd agonts in those pert.. This, Isis admitted, was in wtrictrons Gentleman complimented Jamaica at the expense of Basheoweenecessary, to enable the Government of this country to pronounce sod lire minutes afterwards he turned ro un d an d asked whaher the formal acknowledgment of these States. Vet, when it was even • Parliament would trust Jamaica, aft er t h e l ate expu l sion of two now known, not indeed from NO authentic a source, that one of brown persona from that island ? The Hon oura bl e G ent l eman had these States, at least, had teemed a substantive exister.ce, it was bemight together into his apmch all t h e ernoomwey circa tolerably certain that its independence must yeedily be recognised, he would tied against the Colonists. lie had shown his went of Ile must observe. that there was every iniazinside difference be. candour in his allusion to th e d e b a t es on the abolition of th e s l ave tween the acknowkdonent of the !hither Country mid the base : trade. An lion. ale:tuber. it seems, h a d s t ate d i n t h ose debates, recognition of an independent Sate,fer the arrangement of our that all the navy ot Great Britain could twit prevent the introdu ction own foreign relations ; which arrangements might be ben.. tor !laves into the West Indi es . Did t h e H on. Gentleman tMr. tidal to both countries, though in all cases it was not aleso. ‘Vilbertorenh, by repeating this statement, mean to Insinuate that lutely neassary that they should even prore bene fi cial. tent- I the Legislative Assensidies hi th e c o l on i es now monies' at the tit, in this case, was not unfrequently the main object, but it I illicit importation of slaves ? Was it fair or eandid—wa s it wort h y WA/ not always incidental to the acknowledgment of an indepen. jof the character of a Christian and a B fl ritish enator to launch • . ge. Waal ii.teztives against the Amen* of Ja*mica. because, in a moment of irritation. they lied perhaps dealt himbly with respect to two persons of suspicious conduct Could such a circumstance jus. tify the sweyping charges brought by the Hun. Gent. against the whole of the Colonial Legislatures, for the treatment of the co. loured population? (Hear.) Asa man, • genther.an, and a Brithi senator, he (Mr. 11.)dmied that the inhabitants t f Jamaica bad rot manifested every disposition to ameliorate the condition of thew agricultural labourers and domestic slaves. Ile repeated with rot. lidence that every effort had been used, both by the resident and absent ieoprietors, to promote every plan for chit objlet. There might be individual exceptions, but he spoke of the geoeral (tithe& The lion. 31ember for liramber wished to accomplish is a for months, what history proved had never been effected under some centuries. Could the Hon. Member seriously suppose. that, by a few speeches in that House the evil of inveterate slavery was to be destroyed ? Such an expectation was contrary to erm) ne.. eiple of the philosonby of human nature. It would be a muscle if sus!) a result could be acxumplisheil. When the late Mr. Dur.. dace (laird Melville) had advocated the abolition of the slave trade, he had disclaimed the remotest idea of emancipation. It was true that the coloured people of Barbadoes lay under such disadvantage s as die lion. .M nnber represented, certainly theirs rasa casco( bad. ship; but the lion. Member was compelled mallow that the coloured inhabitants of Jamaica were not in a similar condition. If the Hon. Member thought that the irritation of the West India Wendt maid be allayed by the COl/114 be tidlowedt if be could mantle it with the true spirit of Christianity, if he argued It magnate to the cool, collected. and unbiassed judgment of a senator, be (Mt. Bernal) joined issue with him. The continual strain of invective against the Colonists could have no tendency but to increase the existing imitation. He could not even trlve the lion Member for &amber credit foe judgment. 1% b y else was he not willing good j• to meet the Colonial Legislatures half way in the spirit of chanty and brotherly union, instead of outraging them with invectives. in. suits, and savors ? No statement could be more unfounded than that of the Hun. 31ember, that since 1;97, the Colonists bad made not the slightest attempt to improve the condition of their slaves. Mr. Secretary CANNING said, he row rather with the desire, than with the hope of bringing this debate to a close. (Hem, bear.) After the full discussion that Session of the expaliency of the wssesures taken by his Majesty's Government, to give effect to the willies of Parliament, as expressed in the resolutions passed last year, recommending the conduct which they judged it proper for Government to pursue; he had hoped an attempt would not bare been made to revive in this shape, the consideration of the plea formed by Government In pursuance of the resolutions of radiomen. His Honourable Friend (Mr. Wilbetforce) knew the great respect and sincere regard he had fur him, and he would therefore excuse him fix saylog that he must make up his mind to let Governmetit puhue the course they h a d resolved uposs„ ... in . . purpuance of the irialtes of Parham/in, or if be was disistiilled with it, he ought to being the subject fairly . before the flout& and contrast with it - other phut which he t Wane !IV wan it say .an he thought more cape. diem, and let the House discus& the whole question. The oast unfortunate of all the courses which his Hon. Friend weld follow, was that of apparently &equine:lag in the conduct of Government when the question was before the House, and afterwards taking every opportunity to express his regret that some other principle had not been adopted, and some other plan pursued. (Hear, hear.) His lion . Friend complained that the plan of Governmeat was a slow one ; he (Mr. Canning) answered, that the evil was the punk of ages. Wu a rapid renedy practicable for the indication of such an evil? But whether the plan weft wise or otherwise, it was such as Parliament had agreed to ; and he threw back tram himself and his colleagues the responsibility with which his Hon. Frieed charged them, upon those who interrupted the progress of that plan, if it should end in disappointment. (Hear, hear.) Puha meat and Government had not been immesh!, to the proceedings of the Jamaica Legislature, and the Assetnblita of the other llks. looks; and they had been not less inclined than his lion. Friend to discountenance the feelings in which those proceedings seemed to have originated ; but they had thought it best to pass by all those demonstrations of ill wawa, and trust to practi cal fur ultimately reconciling the Colonies. (Hear, bear.) But it was not consistent, that while all theme topics had been ad visedly flung aside by Government, his Hon. Fnend should be de unnined on every occasion to bring forward allegations against the colonists, which must interrupt the progress of the plan adopted by tiovernment at the suggestion of Parliament. If that plan was to be suceusful, it must at least be pursued with temper. But if, on rodeetion, it was thought by any party that the plan was too slow, and the resolutions of Parliament not sufficiently rigorous, the opinion ought to he brought to the test of a fair discussion. If it was thought that Parliament ought to assert in broad teems the supremacy of the Mother Country, let the question be brought Were the House; but let there not be a temperate course of action and an indamed course of argument. (lieu, hear.) Il Galt it a most difficult subject, and while perseverance, steadiness, mud a sincere intention were necessary on the one part, temper, 1 . forbearance, and much allowance, were equally necessary cm the other. His Hun. Friend had objected to the experiment, if it . might with propriety he so that it had sot rightly been begun in Trinidad. But Government had quite sufficient grounds foe adoptin* that Colony in the first instance in preference to other. His lion. t fiend (Mr. Wilberforce) had now disclat i ted his coo. science towards the subject of his greatest anxiety, and if he thought that any other man would be likely to produce better erects thaa had already been produced, he (31r. Canning) implored hint to being it betore the Hoare • but it was matter of complaint that the subject was brought furve;rd at the close of the Session of Parlia ment, when no nu:ice had been given of any such intention. Mr. ‘I'II.HERYOHCE said, that he had given notice of his intention to present the petition. Ali. CANNING allowed that Hon. Gentleman had given notice of a petition, hut not the one now before the House. Dr. LUSHINGTON referred to some Jamaica papers of a recent date, which contained an account of the government of that Island towards two persons. Lessane and anti - thenTM Boa. Dendeman suited, that it was his intenties early in the pelt Seas sion of Parliament to bring the subject before the Ilowse, when he hoped his Majesty's 31snisters would be prepared to produce the documents connected with the ease. The two itidividuals to whom he alluded, after having been released be the Coen of king's Bench of Jamaica, had been arrested and sent to St. Doe using° lie woad not say that the Duke of Manchester was out prepared with tuts to justify his conduct, but be would say that those facts must he of the must unquestiooable nature. Those two individuals were both owners of slaves, and both possessed of cam siderable propene. Mr. lICSKISSON observed, that it had been stated by the Hon. Member t Dr. Lushington) on a former night, that the cause . of the insurrection in Demerara was the cruelty of the managers o f the estates. He (Mr. Iluskisson) had spoken to his lion. Friend. the Member for IPoodstoek (who owned the plantation Success) on the subj ect. and he had never heard of it. Mr. W. 8311TH could say with pleasure, that although the people of the Island of Barbadtves did at one time 'eject all pm pomitans fix the abolition of the stave trade, they now used all their exertions to prevent the importation of slaves. Mr. F. BUXTON thought that the charge brought by the Right Tian. Gentleman (Mr. Calming) against his lion. Friend (Mr. Wilberforce toe discussing improperly the present question nen was not fairly made. He (Mr. Buxton) was convinced that the question which had then been agitated, would, sooner or later, he the means of rehevire seven millions of our fellow-creatures from the greatest misery to which human nature could be liable. Nen" in the whole course of his lite had he tumid occasion to regret the part be had taken on this subject, and he was determined never VI abandon it. Ile did think that it was in the power of his It j,sty's Ministers to deliver the descendants of the West India slaves from the miseries of slavery. It was his lion opinion. that if an extension of their privileges were granted to the slaves the; would become good *objects; but if they were withheld, the co - - sequences might be seek as be chiseled to mention in that Hoon %I oh respect to the tennsactioess which bad been alluded to as Ilse hadoex, it was nut now the time to enter into particulars; bet he would then give a public notice that he into :dad to call the at er. thin 0 the House to it early in the next t.esainet of Parliament. when he would bring before the public one of the foulm instant. , of oppression that ever disgraced the West Irides island& lit would for the present ask of the Hasa opposite W. Horton) if any steps had been taken in this ? and whetter the order in Council was to extend to all the Colonic es well as to Demerara ? Mr. W11.310T HORTON, in reply, read a Etter which de dared his 31ejesty's displeasure against thaw who had been cot` sheeted in the affair alluded to at Basbadoes. The Honourable Gentleman stated, that although sem meant had been used 10 • • king the perpetrators to justice, in consequence (if the dithcehies to be encounters]. it had nut yet been done. The legal commie' awn now iu Trinidad hard directions to 114: cor.atant Inkraletia 1~ 4.1‘ . 1 14 .~ IMF l :'~ ~' ~'