The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1809-10-21 00:00:00

I r . f A AI, r: I i I t - • : • FOREIGN INTELLIGENCIG ..• •. 31'A11511 l'.ll'ilt3.` • 7, • ; ' - I !..4.•(• G B IiALCAL 41101. • I ~~,, ~ . ; Yesterday arrived the Peewit s and fruokith, with part of' the convoy from nd ; also, the lutelligna brig of war, with disilistlslies fr4in Malta fur Eugland. Affairs in Spain go on mach 'Akinl ti6fhiig can exceed the sloth and iguarauce of the Sktpreine Junta, and unless there is a change of Ctoverligneut, it will hardly be possible to save the country. The utmost discontent against the present govern ment prevails throughout Spain, and the Junta are ao apprehensive of an insurrection at Seville, that they have ordered ten thousand men there from the armies, to protect their persons. Marquis Wellesley attends the Supreme Junta twice and thrice a day; but there is reabon to suppose that he is justly dissatisfied with their con duct. COIDUCA, Audi. .26. By an English Aid-du-Camp, who has recun 'mitred the combined armies, we learn that the it ailte del Marque, General Beresford, and the Portuguese General Silveira. with the garrkint of Ciudad Rodrigo, whose forces, taken together, amount to 50,000 nien, were, ow the 12th, itt Plit itencia, and, on the 13th, in the plains of Tor ruisuelo ; en which account. and the English army being at Alinaraz, awl nun iii the neighbourhood of lbw, the French retreated. Our advanced guards, on the 12th, passed the bridge of Arzos Vivo, and met with no enemies. AUGUST R. Tn-night his Excellency Senor Don Gregorio de la euesta arrived iu this city. AUI:UST On the 166, in the morning, entered this city from eadix, on _their march towards la Carolina. two battalions of volunteers of Spam, consistiit,•• of 1700 Mal, who. in their exercise, displayed that dexterity and martial air, %hick may be expretcd in men commanded and dwrtiplintcl by able officers. On the oisflit of the •27tli they proceeded o. their march for the place of their destiiiiitiuu.-.—/Geszrite of Yr:(riwis, Sept. 1 ..) LERIDA, ADO. 1:I. The celebrated R0111;111CSC maintain and pre serve that character for valour and which is natural and peculiar to them. 'the French lime nut violated their sacred valley, nor have they en tered it. having been repulsed by the loyalty of the inhabitants. . GXKONA. SEPT. 6. The respectable batteries which werr construct ed near the Cathedral, and at other points, op t es e d, on the 3lst of last month, a tremendous lire oh m large battery which the enemy has erected Ni the olive ground ; which was so roughly handled, as to be almost entirely destroyed, and, consequently, • period was put to the extreme (ivy with which halls, bombs, and grenades, were thrown into the tows. LIITTER Paoli GENERAL, sl.4ics, TO TOE SECRETARY II! Tilt syrup:llv CENTRAL JUNTA. a Mort P.rect.t.iier Stii.eilit the home where a French Officer °Coupes-kw rank, much respeeted by the army, had lodged, the following words were (mood writteu nu the well of the eslonet :.•—• People of Spain, how coning!). would you art, did 'ow dot prefer death to the galling ritte .4 such erect deeastatios ' 1 have the honour to rommuutrate to ~.er Excellency flirt eiorioeity, mit these the sentunrnts N those of ...armies, aka are lama barbarous thou tic rat. nisi preserve your Licari/ger is auy )Ca , /' J 0.101 1 .111 MAKE " Vique, _lnuit 28. IMg "—.'"rhe as)tte paper. IVIDILMO, 11E17 ! 4. Ney's division, oleic* marched through llama, Ices taken up a pcmitiou rxtrwis from Sal 4. mama to Toro.—( The same Paper.) •° • The Owe et the flew Tlieetrr, St. Gilcs. ma die Neit Theme, Waffle., weriretteined too Isle Sw irsirting. TH F. BRITISH PRESS. LON DON, SATURDAY, throars tVe give, this day ► sonic estracls from l'•tpers to the s;th. An article, dated Corduba. Ifith August, states, that the iromlsined forces of the Duke DLL General BLltlilli ORD. and the Portuguese General. Sttvgina, amounted, on the Mb, to 50,000, at Plasencia. from tthick they moved next day, into the plains of Turriinueln ; that the English army being. at the same date, at Alinitruz, anal the Spanish at Thor, the French thought proper to retreat. and the Spanish advanced guards !sassed the bridge of Arsubispo, on the 12111, awl int t with no enemies. It is most grateful to lioni a private letter from Talavera. that Mar. shat AIORTIEII has paid the most humane attention to the sick and wo ttttt led, about Lord WIMI.ING. TUN recommended to his care. We have inserted au euergetic renioustratice to the Supreme Junta of Spain, which, we understand, is not allowed to be circulated in that country, through the ordinary• medium of the pre... We have already noticed, that the great consum mation, to which the Continent has lung tended, appears to he at length aveninpliehed. Peace has been made between France, or rather between the Rider of that countryiand Austria, on terms which, though not accurately know is. as yet, iu their minute details, yet, if we tan believe every report upon the subject, must bring Farina' dowii in the kir! of Prussia, or ofiavatia. NAPOLEON. then, within the space of ten years, reek g from his first vio lent assumption of the supreme power, by military force, in November, 1799, has reduced Europe, virtually. into the condition of a province. thus rea- lining those viviona of universal manor. 6y, succes sively nttnbra•cd to CIIARLIENAGit. to Cuatu V. to Pottle 11. slid to Loma XIV. lii this as sertion there is neither exaggenitiou nor deception. For, does any man consider Prussia, or Spain, or Russia, as able, after the subjugation of Austria, to renew or to maiutain the struggle. Of /*swum ,1t4:1 „Wi Later,. it is uniieressary to soy any thing. He is only a king, iii name and in title, who dares not .Psyisit the nominal capital of his awn diminished Itteefitories, and who may be, at auy hour, ordered to ° elide Berlin to JEROME. or lioniugsberg to Ju NOT, ; and to repair in permit' to Paris, as hit:DIEHL or Piens were anciently rent in chains to Rome. But ALEXANDER, it may perhaps be said, still sur- Afei, Sovereign of an immense empire, and capable oftommensurate exertions, whenever the moment of resistance arrives. We wish that we could re gard I in this light, which, if we examine his po sition, will appear altogether illusory. If PETER rue GREAT, who has tint yet been dead quite eighty-five years, could, indeed, be told, that his . deseendiset hod just signed a peace with the repre• stestative of CHARLES XII., by which Sweden ceded to theCxeaell Frirlend,with its fortresses. and the vast expanse of dominion, extending along the eastern shore of the Gulplt of Botheia. to Tentless in Lapland, together with tlw Isle of Aland; if the founder of Petereburgh could receive this in formation, by which hr would find, that the capital which he erected on the extreme frontier of his em pire, was new surrounded by extensive provinces, detached by the sword from ti.eden, and CC•ll7lt. quently secure on that exposed, its well as vuloe rabic grander, how would the Legislator of the Muscovites exult ? But when lie rhonld he inform ed, that it was not as the independent Sovereign of Russia that this conquest veu effected ; when he should kn., that in carrying his arms to the vici nity of the Arctic Circle, a n d almost in sight of Stockholm, ALEXANDER acted only as the de graded instrument plan Italian soldier of fortune, covered with crimes and irertidies, the scourge of Europe, the oppmbriwn of mankind, and the ty rant of Russia herself, how would PETER blush for Iris country, and for his Grandson ? However imposing may be the external appear. umee of Rus.ia, she is, in point of fact, morally and essentially subdued. If she bad not been so ; if the Breed of BONAPARTE did abut swallow up, and supersede, in the mind of ALEXANDER, as well as iu that of his Ministers, their detestation of the Corsica'.! if they dial tint tacitly adroit their utter inability to resist his victorious arms, or to oppose eny weapon except submission, to his revo lutionary machinery ; would he, let us sok, have allowed the least herpes of emancipating Germany, and of resuscitating; Europe, to be extinguished ? Would he, after making war on his former ally, GUSTAVUS, for only daring to persist in that uppos sition to BONAPARTE, which Russia no longer vec tored to cont . ; have stood by, and seen Austria dismembered, crushed, and extinguished as a great Power? N.. ! We repeat, ALEXANDER is is fact as mireli the slave of NAPOLEON, and exists as much by his permission, as any of time Kings whom he lies created. CAU LI Scot; RT governs in Peters burgh, and terrifies the Czen with menaces of die. severing Courland, Lithuania, nod Livonia, front hi s empire ; of expelliog him from the Banks of the Gulf of Finland, of placing new Princes in these Frontier Provinces, and ()leading him anew into the deserts of Muscovy, to reign at Moscow, at Novogrod. or atCalare like his redeemers, Jona Beett.owerz, and ALEXIS. ALEXANDER silently PecOgoifes in NAPOLEON the arbiter of his fate, the disposer of his throne and life. At his cyan mend the ports of the Black and the Baltic Seas are shut, his *objects are reduced to indigence, his coin merce is susuilidated, and his revennes are dried up. Can we expect, fruua snehi a slave, any effort to break Its own fetters. or to liberate other slides? Time very proposition is absurd and impracticable. Can Sterne then, after the subjection of Austria, oppose any further resistance ? That which, elide NAPOLEON was engaged on the Danube, she could not effect, arc we to look for its aCeomplishment now that lie roar pour 111 a hundred thousituil new wrote, and overran all the provinces along the shore of the Mediterranean, from the month of the Ebro, to the foot of the rock on which stands Gib raltar ? Assuredly, we are not authorised to ex pect any such exertions all the part of the Spa. niards, as can even protract their total subjugation more than for a few months. Treachery, we fear, will accelerate their destruction ; and it may hr subject of rational doubt, whether even the fleet in the harbour of Cadiz cats be saved, or carried out of that port. Narotecom will, according to all air. pearances, renlise the denunciation contained in the Monitemr, where he says, on the 28th of last month, ” before a year shall have elapsed, the Eng. fish, whatever effints they may make, will be dri. Yen out of the Peninsula, and the Imperial Eagle will fly nit the fortresses of Lisbon." Yet, while we admit the probability of these facts, we see far more reason to hope for efforts of despair from the Spaniards, than of opposition from the Govern ment of Russia. In the latter country, the timbers seem to be altogether rotten and decayed. There is still energy remaining in the Peninsula beyond the Pyrenees, though not its every part of it. If the two Castilee, if Leon, rind Asturia, have dis played little vigour, or abhorrence of their rippers see; yet, in Catalonia, in Arnigon, and in Valen ha, we have witnessed the 'cost sublime devotion to their Sovereign, and to their country. In the last century, the Castiliens alone placed and maintained Paw, the V. on the throne, when abouidorwl by LOCi3 XIV. his grandfather ; and though The English aud.Ausitisas bad twice car ried the Archduke CHIRLEI to Madrid. Bo- N APARTE is, indeed, au adversary somewhat ent, and rather more formidable. If he has effete. tually chained and humbled Austria, he will soon transfer his presence and his exertions, to the banks of the Guadiana, the Guadalquivir, and the Tagus. We shall this day conclude our observations on the Monitenrs of the 17th and 21ith of last month ; productions, in which BONAPARTE, or the pers.n to whom Ise delegates the pen, appears to have ex hausted all the acrimony and indignation of his irritable mind. He seems, indeed, from the eleva tion of power to which hr has attained, to consi der every attempt, on our part. or on that of the Spaniards, to emancipate any portion of Europe, rather as the efforts of a slave to break the chains imposed on hins by his master, than as the struggle of independent nations to repress outrage. perfidy. and violence. In every line of these insolent and conternptimus Manifestoes, addressed to Europe, for such, in effect, they are, he ulready anticipates the supreme sovereignty of the Continent, not less than when he, in the plenitude of his irresistible authority, institutes new Orders of Knighthood ; combining, like the triple crown of the Roman Pontiffs, the three insiptia of the former creations. Like the Sun of niter the iiuhjeetion of Persia, he " Assume: the (:0.1, " Affects to stotl, Ami seems to shake the spheres." We must, nevertheless, in candour, admit, that, when diaesissing the 'evasion of Castile, by Sir ARTHUR WELLESLEY, whatever intoxication may pervade the sentiments, there is no perversion or alienation of the reasoning faculty to he discovered in these remarks. All is reduced to the standard of practicability, tactics, and sound sense. flow finely does he obaerve, " that the foresight, ivnich is characteristic or essential in war, 'prompts to aro Duly what can be supported; and to undertake only what presents the greatest number of chances of suc cess %'" What a commentary does his own eventful and unparalleled career exhibit, of this simple, but indisputable truth? And how touch is it to be re gretted, that Lord IV ELLINGTON seems never to have known, or to have beeu impressed with its existence ! If lie had, could lie have afforded to NAPOLEON, and to mankind, such a subject for ri dictate and exposure, as he gave In hie invasion of Castile, undertaken in defiance of every chance of success; and which, though it may have raised him to a Peerage, reduces him to very narrow dimen sions, arra candidate for military fame Is it, in fact, to be disputed, will the warmest of Lord WELLt NU ton's admirers, or penegyrists, if any such remain, attempt-to deny, that, as boo A , PARTE asserts, us without knowing the force of the enemy with whom he had to contend, without be- Mg furnished with that which constitutes an army, he advanced to Tatareni ? The idea of entering Madrid, turned his brain." Brolly, there ionn ex aggeration in this picture, though it seems rather like the portrait of a lunatic, thin that of a great Commander, .n whorls the fate of armies and of na tions was committed. Cam we, in fact, believe, if-the thing were not admitted and realised before our eyes, that any roan, in Srr ARTHUR'S high, as welt as respousilile situation, having Sir Jour.; Nloiiim's expevieuce amid warning to guide his deliberatnua ; knowing where Madrid stands, and too well a‘•- orminted with the waists of men in the field, to eou ceive that they could light without food ; defiance of .these considerations. plunge into the ware ? Will it be attempted to cover, or to exte nuate: his precionation and contempt of every im pediment, by pleading the victory of TaLivera ? We have endeavoured, from concurring testiino nies, to appreciate the merits of that day ; but we are unalile to discover, as far as the accounts or Jouaus N. of CuEsta, and of Sir Aa tuca him self, afford 'nestle of forming ate opinion, any features of genius, or scientific dispositions, that argue a great Cominauder. in his conduct. Ilia troops certainly displayed admirable firtnuess, under most trying circumstances. They maintained their ground, ainl, though with severe loud, they com pletely repulsed the enemy. In all this. however, we perceive, rather the courage and discipline of it, army. than the talents of the General. Boa e- PARTE has, in fire lines, conveyed a perfect, and, in our judgment, a fair idea of that action. " The Engliin," says he, " fought well. The bothe of l'a lavera was doubtful ; tho' the loss of the English was much more considerable than our'. ; for the Freach artillery was more numerous. It appears, that, by a series of multiplied faults, the French could not take the pOglitloll on the left. lint the English were beaten back, every trine they attempt ed to advance upon the French." Here. we sce that Naout.com owns, and avows, the errors coin. milted Icy his Geueruls. What, in fact, saved Sir ARTNUR, and enabled him ever to revisit Portugal, with Ins extenuated army? His own resources ? Assuredly not; unless we count ',tench the velocity of hi, !mach to the bridge of Amerhispo, when he lOund, pirt Ire himself states, that as it was his only resource." It is evident, that if Vieroa had only indulged him in his pas • for seeing ,Madrid, he would have seen Paris likewise. But the faults of the French l .erierals extricated him, whim he was lost. if they had allowed him to push forward. ss What would have been the case," asks the Monireer, " if. oraineuvring according to the principles of war, the French army had not given battle, until all united :—What would hare been the consequence, if he hid marched to Ma drid, and the Duke of DALMATIA had placed him self between trim and the Tagus ? He would have come, with his army, to France." No proposition in EUCLID is more eiident. It would be insulting human reason to paah a proof further. Sir As. THUD "Minot, though he is rash, attempt so irupoa silile a :lung, as to answer, or to refote, the ,Vom. leer. He will hide his head in his coronet, and say no mere on the subject. Nor 'hull we. The ashre of the departed are sacred. Otte word, before ire dismiss the subject, on ri, k Spaniards. It is eurioos to remark, with what con tumely BONAPARTE treat* their armies. 4. We do not," says lie, t+ speak of the `Spaniards ; they may be reckoned as of consequence for plundering de tachod individuills, or fur defending therns,•lve+ be hind a wail; but very little account can be made of them in a regular battle, as the English may have been conviaced." To this point of el, 4rucla tient. in the estimation of an ItMian adventurer, who, after putting to the sword an hundred thou-. *arid Spaniards, has transferred the survivors to the care of his brother, is fallen a nation, which, not three centuries ago, repeatedly menaced Frame with extinction, or with conquest 1 So low are sunk the descendant; of those men, who expelled the Moors in the 18tti century, and the Eriglish, united with the Anstrians, in the 19th; but oho are now unable. we fear, to resist a revolutionary sol dier, engaged un the Danube, at the other extre mity of Europe ! Yet, that NAPOLEON floe, not altogether despise them, that he remembers Sara gossa, Ned feels Gerona, we may perceive, by his allusion to the Spanish courage, behind a 'call. If any thing can rouse frotu their apathy, t hei r slum ber, and their inert inaction, a great people, it must be these insulting sarcasms ; bitter in them selves, hut ►endered still more cruel cud insup• portal,le, when proceeding from the mouth of as imperial rtiffiau, their sconrce and their ty rant. Extract of a letter front an Officer en hoard the Dreaein.ught, to his friend in the city of Dublin, dated Basque. Roads, Sept 125 .---•• A cartel rived here a few days mice, with the lunch mi. rosters who capitulated at Senegal, but not a man of them was permitted to land ; the boat that went from her, and in which was a Fr,tich officer, was tired at, as soon as they got within reach of their shot ; but not wishai.g to tioder,tand it as a mark of hostility, the boat ventured to approach nearer, when the batteries opened a lire of grape, and continued it even when it was coming back. Thus these prisoners, because they did not make • resistance suitable to HoNATAITZ'S expectation, will be exiled from their native country, or Mur dered, if they approach its shores, from whence some of them hate been absent snore than twent7 yeal..." %Yr find from the. Provincial Papers, that an Tllite mination ou the 25th is generally discouraged, and that the money necessary for lamps and candies is to he applied to the more rational and htudable purpose of clothing and feeding the pour and liongry, and opening the prnum doors to the wretched ionistes confined Inc debt.. Remittances in specie to a barge amount hive re• tentiv been made from Spain to this country. Tlis following private letter gives a very unfa vourable account of aka state of Turkey. "CoIIISTANTIMMILIC, sat..T 26. " The Meaaertger Baailiate arrived here yesterday wills the Ratification of the T tithed' Treaty, ke. The French still utaiataist a considerable influence io the Divan the Trip name of Buimpacte there tremble. Nothing bet de cisive victories of the Archduke Charles °err the euinnsint enemy of Lerupe omit, 1 believe, mice this distrait tett etapira fruit. deetruction. The "liarkieli Aliwietime appear to be Use Imitated, and to have lost sot uuly the power of fairly dis tinguishiug Ir.tv.cn (simile and enemies, bat evert of pro viding fur their own prest . m3tioa. " The Grand Vizier marches (Ili, day from the capital tit the bead of 455,000 Joinsearies. Hie al my on the I/Aeolic, when assemliled„ wile en ttttt lit to nearly I:01,11011 tocso—a force fatly cumpeitatt to rt-p•I the Itaiseians. lint Ilte lite of this campaign, like that of every other iu Lmupe, depends on the fate of ibe luatriati army. " Our tononsucieatiou with the Continent is wholly rut of by the Rasmus un the banahr, and the Seivialis sin! Rosman' an leazue will, them alpinist the l'uite. Our re counts go up oily to rho t9ih of May, olo , :t the Ausltialt arms hail teen triumphant. Nu pi...4.v, basun - as (vat Le done heir mud we holm more of the future fortuatv of Austria. " A Parsinn Envoy is daily expected here on his way to. our Cosa t. Nu. It. Joules Ina sitteeeeded is, hu uthaous, but tilt acticit and ‘.1.1 , e,s of the trench are almost itterohlik." hAttmlay. Mr. il.oatttLit arrived with thop.thehe* (rum Sir liAlli - u111) JuNr.t, who it n»w nn an it's portoot thi,,loo to the Persian (lover:talent. thl,4 coov,y,,me we have received a letter from a (;entletnan attached to the eanhosay, to the f0110w... lig efrcct " Tetuan, May 7, ise9. " Since our nn teal here ercry Wong has gene ,in as tuella he wiMed, and the French have b.. 0 turned OW, Is spa* of all their emit: moors to the contrary. th.1.14.%V.1, a letter arrived air other Jay Grin the Cove-sum General, ssylag,. the Persiant:weruw.•ut havinc refused allt&t t ;ince ti, hisuwa Ambassador, tiritcral Malcolm, say advances ought to roues from them, sod orders His Excellency Sir Harbod JIM" to leave the country instantly, and nunsh bit 110*,11. Ilte hoverer, lust detained Sir tilartird, non lin Isms from England. We of Noonan Wok far Mi. Mu. cit. 'a retina with great aopatiente " It was reported, on Thureday, on the atoll, r,ty of letters from Liver Tool, that Mr. -int:lMM had one el:vied to adjusting all the differences between this country and the U mud States; but that the Arne , wait Government had refusal to consider hie sit;- nature as binding. •ml will not remove the non imereourse laws until the ratification of the treaty Le returned fief's England. This intelligence is said to have been received by a vessel arrived at Live: pool from .New•Yot k; but, at present, we only mention it as part of the room's', of th• day. Upon the faith of the or:in:gement concluded between Mr. Ettsalsc and the (,overninent of the United Stater, upwni dr of lin American vessels ar r:ved in the port of London. Nino e them Co of these Lave lately suited for Americo. and not no men) as ten have carried out manufactures, an.: these to a very inenositieratale amount. The Tl.st have sailed is tattiest. no I T