The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1825-02-02 00:00:00

AMERICAN PAPERS. CONGRESS—IN SENATE, MONDAY, JAW.,. Mr. SMITH, from the Joint Committee appointed to announce General Ls Fayette the passage of the Act in his favour, and to Noels his acceptance of the provisfon made fdr him, reported to t he Senate a copy of an Address of the Committee to the Oeneral, 1 .-A his reply :7_ GENEISAL LA TAIETTE'S REPLY. " Washington, Jan. I, Rik ° Gentlemen of the Committee of both Houses of Con • "The immense and unexpected gift, which, in addition 110 pee and eotolderable bounties, it - has pleased Congress to MOO epos me, calls fur the warmest acknowledgements of ast egid American soldier, and adopted son of the United Statoa•-ilnit I;tlei dearer to my heart than all the treasures of the world. However proud I am of every sort of obligation received from Roe people of the United States, and their representatives in Con.. rem the large extent ttf this benefactbn might have crested in my nod feelings of hesitation, not inconsistent, I hope, with those of re most grateful reverence. Butthe co very kind resolution of aeh Houses, delivered by yell, Gentlemen, in terms of equal aridness. precludes all other sentiments hut those of the lively and .;-round gratitude of which, in respectfully accepting the mu. ;,:cent favour, I have the honour to beg you will be the organ. Permit me also, Gentlemen, to Join a ;ender of my afloctionans rsonal thanks to the expression of the highest respect, with inlets " I have the honour to be, " Your obedient servant, " 1... s F . ." On Tuesday, the Bill to Abolish lmprisor.mrnt for Debt, was altered to a third reading. MISSOL'RI AND MEXICO. Mr. Benson presented a statement of facts from Mr. Augustus e. eves of New Hampshire, in relation to the origin, present state, and future prospect of trade Intl intercourse between the Valley of the Mississippi mid the internal pros inces of Mexicali which was gamed robe printed and referred. Mr. S. has been one of a caravan of eighty persons, ISO horses. mod :3 waggons and enori..ses, which had made the expedition from ilissonri to Santa Fe 'of New Mexico), in 11sy and June last. His wont was full of interest and novelty. It souaded like romance o bear of caravans of men, horses, and waggons, traversing with tbdr merchandize the vast plain which Me, between the Mitt assippi and the Rio del Nurse. The story seemed better ~;opted to Asia than to North America. But, romantic as n might seem, the reality had already exceeded the visions of the wildest imagination. Tice journey to New Mexico tat lately deemed a oliiiterical Project. had become an affair of odinary occurrence. Santa Fe, but lately the Ultima Tletik of American enteimise, was now considered as a stage only in the pogrom or rather, a new point of departure to our invincible citi. tens. Instead of turning back from that point, the caravans broke up there, and the subdivisions branched off in different direc tions in search of new theatres for their enterprite. Some proceeded down the river to the Peaso del Norte, some to the mine' of Chi- Imbue and Durango, in the province of New Biscay ; some to Si on and Sinstoa, on the Gulf of California; and some, seeking nest lines of communication with the Pacific, had undertaken to descend the westem slope of our continent through the unexplored ogions of the Multnomah and Buenaventura. The fruit of this eneeprire, for the present year, amounted to 190,000 dollars in gold and silver bullion and coin, and precious furs ; n sum considerable, in itself, in the commerce of an infant state, but chiefly deserving a ustesn='s notice as an earnest of what might be expected from a regulated and protected trade. The principal article given in ex change is that of which we have the greatest abundance, and which Lts the peculiar advantage of making the circuit of the Union be fdre it departs from the territories of the republic—cetton—which Rowe in the south, is manufactured in the north, and exported from the west. LA FAYETTE DINNER. WASHINGTON, JAN. 3. . . . Actording to previous arrangemen ts, the dinner given by the M ein ben of both Houses of Congress to Gen. l.a Fayette, took place on Saturday, the let ofJan. At six o'clock the company, in num her ex ceeding two hundred, ant down to a sumptuous and elegant dinner. Ar. Gaillard, the President pro (em pore of the Senate. and Mr. Clay, Speaker of the House of Representatives, presided at the feast. On the right of the President of the Senate, sat our venera ble Chief Magistrate, the President of the United States, who graced by his presence es a guest, the most memorable feast that has ever taken place in this country. (hi the left of the Chair sat the Nation's Guest, supported by several of his brethren of the Revolution. among whom were recognized General Samuel Smith, General Jackson ' Mr. Rufus Ring. and Memos Chandler and De Wolf, of the Senate, and General Utlree, of the House, and a great number of distinguished persons. Among the invited guests were also recognised General Dearborn, our late Minister to Par. tugol, George Washington La Fayette, and the General's friend, Mr. Lament; also Gimerals Scott, :Macomb, Bernard, and Jesup, of the army ; and Commodores Bainbridge, Tingey, Stewart, and Morris. of the navy. On the h e alth of the President of the United States being given, the President rose and said—" 1 cannot but be deeply affected by the generous sentiments which you have expressed in faronr of try mkt', in the high trust which I base an long held from my country. In our respectability abroad, and prosperity at home, no me can take • more profound interest than 1 do. It is to the Nneoe sod intelligence of our fellow-citizms that we owe this sue. asses, and I ate in it the most decisive proof of the excellence and stability of owe Republican Inalltutious.- That I have exerted my best faculties in a long course of public service to support these lbsdlations, and to promote the welfare and happiness of our Cajon, is most certain. To receive this public acknowledgement. ism so distinguished an assembly, on an occasion so highly in. taming and honourable to the r.atiou, affords me a gratification shish I shall for ever cherish." The health of the illustrious guest was given in the following ttrnra tt : General Ls Fayette, the great Apostle of' rational liberty, on. avid by the frowns of tyranny., uninfluenced by the blandishments of wealth, and unseduced by popular applause.—the same in the Castle tfOlniutz as in the active scenes of his labutui and the height or lit renown." When this toast was drank, General La Fayette rose and said— " Gentlemen of both Houses-1 want words to express the respect ft: and gvateful sense I have of ail the favours anti kindness you a': pleased to confer nylon me. I hope you will do justice to the tuna feelings of an American heart; and I beg leave to propose tr following toast:— " Perpetual union among the United States: it has saved us in or times of danger—it will save the world." In the course of the evening, Mr. Clay proposed— ' General Bolivar, the Washington of South America, and the litrublic of Colombia." As soon as this toast had been drunk, the President and the Corral retired= and the company soon afterwards separated, at yearly hour. greatly delighted. The entertainment began and ended without the occurrence of a rgle circumstance to mar the pleasure of a celebration, which, in sl its circumstances, ean hardly admit of a parallel. lISETING OF THE CREDITORS OF MARSH AND CO. Intom • co EEEEE OXDrYT.I On Monday evening, at eight o'clock, a meeting of the principal creditors of the above firm was held atibe Boar and Castle Tavern, (Word -street, for the purpose of examining the immense and voluminous accounts tendered for the inspection of the Committee appointed at • general meeting, and to cuoie to such Resolutions tareon as might be deemed expedient. Mr. II U T CHOWS. the builder, Tab called to the Chair. The aiecouuts were then tendered for the inspection of the Com mittee by Mr. Knight, the solicitor for the creditors, and occupied yearly two hours in examination. They principally related to lions due to the firm, and assets (which were said to be trifling), its kly accounts, and tne amount, charged to each of the partners. front the investigatipt2 of the ac; aunts it appears, in the year 1814, ele hank was convidered perfectly solvent. In that year a balance iteet was drawn, and the general total of the capital invested by the partners appeared to be between 411.000 f. and 84,0001. and the *fits somethin g between 7,4W1. vtad 8 0001. Some part of the coital was with drawn, and the firm appeared daily increasing in Immense sums were lent and charged to parties, and to one individual, a brlekmaker, a sum exceeding 40 Onni. had been ad. meet, and to other perems, mentioned in the accounts, as bad Obis, very large sums had been advanced. The sppearance and state of the accounts excited much discus ca, sod the general opinion of the Committee appeared to be, nit they were not at all satisfactory. After the accounts hall been canvassed by the Committee, some elversatioa afore between the Chairman, Mr. Lloyd, Mr. Par. am, and the Solicitors, Mr. Mayhew and Mr. Knight, on the Acct of the dahlia upon the estate made by the Bank of taglind ; however, al:hough the gentlemen expressed an opinion eat the claim could Out stand, the conversation dropped without sy RCA 4 ution being made. Dlr. Kr IC. II T and Mr. Illaentw then proposed to the meeting tk appoinnuant of an experienced accountant to examine the teouats, and place them in such a shape that the general body of nem:limn Could understand them. Mr. I.loe D corcurred in the measure, and observed, on looking wet some of the accounts, that it appeared immense sums had been •siwn out, but nothing by any means accounted fur. Mr. Pnaatwe asked what were the amount of the Bank claims. Mr. Kan t,'T replied, about 250,0001 and he was of opinion that .It cunt had never come to the assets of the house, at least it lad IA been accounted for. Mr. PAR, INS thought this most extraordinary. Mr.llaxitrw said the question could easily be settled by ex milling the different entries. Mr.I4,OTD said that the entries" If. F." deserved a very dose Murry, they bad shown that large sums had been placed to dif held accounts under those initials in the firm, yet no statement shatter had been made as to their disposal ; indeed, from the rianurition of the ace....utte, they appeared to be fiction. lie. tiontlerey appeared to be indebted to the Arm 45,000/. and large Gros inverted by him were not properly accounted for. Mr. I.sxur.tv said it way a subject that required the deepest consideration; end from conversations he had had with that untor 'nisi* Qua, be lad heard statements totally at variance with those teem. Ti. meeting adjourned, it being determined to call another t:ei-f. to :hoot 413 accountant- and to pry expenses. LITERATURE. THE ME3IOIIIS OF JOSEPH FOUCHE. Dolt Or OTYANTO, MtntrrEll OP THE OENER•i. POLICE OS' EiatlCE...-TIIAN , LATrb rims' THE TRENCH. Knight. The impression which the publication of these Memoirs produced in I'aris, and the effort made to suppress them, will naturally give them an increased interest, and tend to excite towards them an additional portion of public curio sity in this country. The great share which Ibis distin guished individual hail in the great work of the Revolu tion, necessarily furnished him with the materials for describing the internal economy and the policy of the institutions by which it was carried through. This nar rative of events is evidently drawn up with an anxiety to place himself in the best possible light, and to represent himself as guided by the purest views. He wouhl fain have it believed, that, while supporting the cause of ty ranny, and issuing mandates the most despotic, he was all along the patron of liberty and the friend of the people. There are occasionally, indeed, conclusions from which he cannot escape, and he modestly confesses himself in the wrong ivii,r,.ver he fears to outrage all belief by pretend ing to be in the right. An example of this occurs very eatly : he condemns himself for having voted for the death of Louis XVIII.; but die apology is sadly defective. The motives by which he was actuated betray not only a con fused head, but a bad heart. The crisis, it seems, presented difficulties which he conc,lived it impossible to overcome, but by exciting the worst passions of the people, and goad- F ling them on to those excesses of rage and reienttntist in ' which they would, in all likelihood, uproot all before them. The Par is edition is before us, and we will give his own words : " II est poertant an vote qui 'este ininstifiable, j'avourrai mime. sans home comma sans laiblesse. qu'il me fait connaitre le rewords. Mais j'en prends a tenon le Dieu de la virile, c'etait Bien moius le monarque au fond tine j'entendis frapper did etait bon et juste). que In diaLeine, slurs incompatible aver le mooed ordre de chose,. Et puis, le •dirai-je, car les revelations excluent lea riticencee, it roe paraissait aloes, confine a tent d'autres,que nous ne pourtions inspirer asses d'energie a la representation et I la masse du peuple, pour smirmonter le crise, qu'en outrant touter lea 'ailesiir,r, vie,: dqinuant touter les boritea, qu'en compromettant Mules !es awn-mile, r6volutionnuires Tell? fut la raison d'etat qui nous parut eziger cet effeayant sacrifice. En . politique, l'atrocute aurainelle auss: parfois son point de vue &gluten* ?" We will give this passage from the present translation, that the reader may judge of the general fidelity with which this work is executed:— , " There was, however, one vote which is unjustifiable; I will even own, without a blush. that it sometimes awakens remorse within me. But I call the God of truth to witness, that it was far less against the .Monarch that I aimed the blow (for he was good and jolt) than against the kingly office. at that tunic incompatible with the new order of things. I will also add, for concealment is no longer of avail, that it then appeared to me, as to so many others, that we could not inspire the representatives, and the mats of the peoude, with an energy sufficient to surmount the difficulties of the crisis, but by abamidoning every thing like moderation, breaking through all restraint, and indulging the extremity of re. volutionary excess. Such was the reason of state which appeared to 111 to require this frightful sacrifice. In polities, even atrocity itself may sometimes produce a salutary effect." These 2li enrolee will supply the curious reader with nu merous interesting anecdotes and circumstances relating to the important period when the writer figured in the revo lutionary scene, and to his contemporaries on the political stage. IVe give the following extract as a specimen:— " War was fully decided upon, when the Emperor caused his confidential Minister to open fresh negotiations with London ; but these proposals not only came too late, but were made without any ability. Some persona, who were in the secret of every intrigue, assured me at this time that the Cabinet employed this clumsy ex pedient, in concert with the principal Russians of the French party. Seeing themselves on the eve of being expelled from the cfuncils of Si. Petersburgh, they imagined that the Emperor Alexander, alarm ed at the idea of the possibility of an arrangement between France and England would re-enter the Continental system to prevent his being isolated, and that he would once more submit to Napo leon's will. But however this may be, Maret wrote to Lord Castle. reagh a letter, containing the following propositions :—To renounce all extension of territory on the side of the Pyrenet.s, to declare the actual dynasty of Spain irdependent, and to guarantee the ir.depen uence ot r that .Monarchy, to guarantee to the House of Braganza the independence and integrity of Portugal, as well as the kingdom of Naples to Joachim, and the kingdom of Sicily to Ferdinand IV. As to the other objects of disetoston, our Cabinet proposed to ne gotiate them upon this bailie, that each Poser should keep what the ether could not wrest from it by the war. Lind Castlereagh re plied, that if by the acme] dynasty of Spain time brother of the Cnief of the French Government was meant, be was commanded by I.is Sovereign to declare candidly, that he could not receive any pro peasls of peace founded typo that basis. Here the matter dropped. Ashamed of its overtures, our Cabinet, whose only object was to have drawn Rusals into some act of weakness, perceived too late that it,had imp/awed noon otsr diplomacy a character of fickleness, had faith, amid ignorance. As all was transacted iu the utmost se. cresy, what most puzzled the politicians was, that in France, and sves in Russia, the exterior furius of entity were kept up amid the immense preparrttons. The limperor Alexander's Ambassador was still at Paris, while Napoleon had his at St. Peteraburgh. Nor was this all ; Alexander had his confidential Diplomatist, Count Carr nitscheff. resident in the Fiench capital. This amiable Russian, in the midst of the dissipations of a brilliant Court, and the myete ries of more than one amorous intrigue purposely ill-managed, did not neglect a secret commission of the highest importance to his clearer. Seconded by women, some of whom were stimulated by low, and others by a spirit of intrigue, lie managed his plans so as to discover Napoleoo's real intentions of iryading Russia. Suspicion having been nisei as to the secret ob ject of his mission, he was watched and placed under surreil tait:e, but all to no purpose. At length, Silvery sent to him a person attached to the police, who gave hint some false informa tion, and drew from him in return some fresh indications, which increased the suspicion already indulged. But, favoured by his gallant connexions, Czerniutcheff was warned in time ; he avoided the snare, insulted the spy, and went to Maret to complain of hay. ing been subjected to suet revolting proceedings. That very day, the Emperor haying been infomued of the subject of his complaint, determined upon communicating to him the secret accounts which inculpated him. Czernitscheffi came out triumphant from this or. deal, by giving an explanation of his conduct, and of the cause of his complaints. The police received formal orders to take off the earveillanee. Being thus at liberty to continue his investigations, he succeeded in executing the object of his omission. He was parti ailarty anxious to procure the lists of the intended movements of the French army; these ha obtained through the medium of a clerk belonging to the Bureau des tronventens, named Michel. An oversight of this person, who thus betrayed the secret of the Em. peror's operations, having awakened sonic suspicions,. he was ar rested. Czernitscheff was intmnediately informed of it, and left Paris with the greatest precinitation, carrying off with him some most important documenta. In vain was a telegraph order given to seize his person ; he had got the start by five or six hours, and this advantage was sufficient to enable him to cress the Rhine. He had just passed the bridge of Kehl, when the tzlegraphic order for his arrest reached S:rasburgli. His precipitate flight from Paris prevented him from burning his secret correspondence, which it was his custom to conceal under the carpet of his room; and as the lane: was necessarily the object of minute search, the police agents discovered the papers of Czernitsm chef. The first thing found in them was the proof that a great in (inutcy had been kept up between this Russian Noldernan and se veral ladies of Napolcoo's Conn, amongst others the Duchess of , ll—. She, lee ever, it is said, exculpated herself by aileging ' that she had acted in concert with her husband. to endeavour to ascertain the secret object of Crernitschers mission. Among the papers discovered was also a letter in Michel's handwriting; so convincing a proof of his guilt sealed his late—he expiated his trea son with his life. This affair brought to light a very singular fact, viz. that the Russian Cabinet had foreseen, even from the conch of the interview at Erfurt, the passibility of a rupture with France. It was then that Homan/off said, in order to justify his complaisant policy, and with reference to Napoleon,' We must wear him out' arrant fuser.) The circumstances of Czetnitschefr a Sight, which was soon known is the saloons, made considerable noise, and accelerated the rupture. The Emperor, whose departure was determined upon, anxious to obtain some popularity, visited the different quarters of Paris, examining the public works, and acting little precnttcerted scenes, either with the Prefect of Parte, or the Prefect of Police, Pasquier. lie also went frequently to the chase, affecting to appear more occupied with his pleasures than with the vast enterprise he had engaged in. I saw him at St. Cloud, whither I went to pay my speeds to him, without any intention of soliciting or obtaining an audience. The mournful aspect of that Court, and the anxious looks of the courtiers, appeared to me to form a strong contrast with the confidence of the Emperor. Ile bad never enjoyed such perfect' ; health never had I seen Ins features, formed after the antique, lighted up with a greater glow of mental vigour, of greater =lli dence in himself, founded on a deep conviction of his prodigious , power. I experienced a feeling of involuntary melancholy, which I should have been unable to define, had nut the most gloomy pre- sentiments taken possession of nty mind. " In the mean time the Cabinet of St. Petersburgh, whether its real intention was to employ every possible means of reconciliation, compatible with the independence of the Russian empire, or whe ther it had only the view of obtaining some certain information re specting the true intentions of Napoleon, ordered Prince Kourakin to make known to the French Government the bases 0 an arrange ment which his Sovereign was wiling to accede to. These were the deliverance of Prussia, a reduction of the garrison of Dantsie, and the evacuation of Swedish Pomerania; upon these conditions, m the Czar engaged to make no change whatever in the measures pro hibiting a direct trade with England, and to concert with France a system of licences to be granted in Russia. Kourakin's note remained unanswered for a fortnight. At m length, on the 9th of May. the day of the Emperor's departure for Germany, Maret asked Kourakin if he had full powers for treat ing ; Kourakin replied, that the character of Ambassador, with which he was invested, should be considered as sufficient. Being THE BRITISH PRESS. only able to obtain evasive and dilatory answers, he demanded his passports, winch were retitaed him under Viti..U4 pretences It was not till the 2filtli of June they were awn him from Thorn, an arti fice, the ohjeet of which was to allow Napoleon. time to cross the Niemen with all his forces, in order to surprise his august adver sary at %Vilna, before he could receive the least intelligence from his Ambassador. " The die was mat t the Niemen MN crowed by six hundred thousand men, by the finest and most formidable army ever assem bled by any conqueror of the earth. We will now leave Napoleon —we will leave this illustrious niadnian to rush on to his ruin it is not his military history I am relating." TO TILE EDITOR OF TIIE BRITISff PRESS. Ste,--By inserting the fallowing extract from an article in the London Medical Repository, on the Piracy of Surgi cal Lectures, you would render a service to a profession to which every individual of the community is more or leas indebted. Your., &c. C. A. " It is not to be expected, that a profession crowded like ours should be without many needy and unprincipled men, who, wanting the qualities requisite for success in the ordinary duties of it, too impatient for wealth, and too careless of character :o toil up the painful paths which lead to honourable distincion, and untaught In any reputable trade, are compelled to be traitors to a profession on which they have unhappily intruded, and to try to live by sacra. firing its interests to the CMS appetite of an ever-gaping and cre dulous multitude. This is to be expected, anti must be left fee re formation to the gradual improvement of eivilizzd communities. But that men of any estimation in the world, and of any reputation in an hottest neighbourlioid, should patr.mise, in the slightest way, directly or indirectly, such writers and their works, because they think themselves gainers by thieni,is a thing calculated more than any other circumstance to degrade its altogether in the eyes of the pub ' lie; tb make vuspected of, being without any lave of profes sional honour, or any tie but that of interest ; so foster and vindicate the prevailing spirit of quackery ; and to tender the profession of physic and surgery unlit tor any man with the feelings of a gentle man, nod to 110421 any other liberal path of life is open. " This is an objection to the sixpenny publications of lectures, which, I wish very par:Mt:lady to press upon students anti young practitioners, because I know that these gentlemen, more especi ally, imagine that they are really benefited by such works, that their acquirement of profOssional knowledge is facilitated, and their ad. vaneement hastened by them. In this respect they are unqu?s tionably mistaken. IS e can find an excuse for the man who, not having been fortunate enough to attend the lectures of Sir Astley Cooper or Ale Abernethy, has been fora moment led astray by the desire of possessing even an illegitimate copy of them. 'note eminent individuals are the proud ornaments of a noble profession. Distinguished by their science, by their industry, by their liberality, and the highest feelings of independence, they have also long been, as teachers of surgery, thought each in a different style, quite unri valled. This country can never appreciate the full extent of the advantage's it owes to thein. But it is worthy consideration, whether, if the first lecture's of these truly eminent men had been published, and read at breakfast-tables, they would have been at all fashioned as they have been; whether the one would have indulged in an originality which all who have heard him know was so happily and so closely connected with the most important parts of practical instruction as never to be forgotten, and always to be remembered with advantage: whether the ether would have been remarkable fur the warmth and generosity of manner which converted the teacher into the friend, and, whilst it made him adored by his pupils, se cured their deepest attention to his lessons of unaffected wisdom. It is my deliberate opinion, that, undersitelt circumstances, lectures of this exalted character would never hare been produced. A man who lectures to a crowd of students, respecting Itim as their teacher and dwelling upon his weeds, and who at the same tints feels how important a duty he is performing, and what a serious influence all he says ntay have on those who are listening to hint on their lives and actions as well as on their opinions, and still looks beyond that to creating a name among men of science arid learning like himself, speaks in a very different situation, and under very different circum. stances, from him who is actually lecturing to the whole unlettered City of London, to every man who has eyes wherewith to read, and sixpence wherewith to buy. The former will be communicative, confidential, original : sometimes impressive and eloquent ; always plain and perspicuous ; sometimes, for the sake of forcible illustra tion, even humorous: the latter will aim at an appearance of precise and plausible profundity ; all he says will be moulded after forms which exclude originality ; he wil! sport in the shallows of science, and never put off into the deep, out of sight of the com mon crowd who stand upon the shore : Ins plainness will be mean ness and nakednetut; his eloquence 'sounding btass,' his illustrations `tinkling cymbals.' His art will be unallied to wisdom, and his gravity will be the gravity of a cheat. Ile will elaborate each lec ture to be worth • as much as it will bring,' and, unless he is an absolute fool, he will avoid being confidential when his confidence will be imparted in a sixpenny number to all the world the next morning. " Such will be the effect of piratical editions of lectures, and the students of inedieine and surgery will soon discover the uselessness of attending lectures at all. In this view, then, this cheap know. ledge wiil be less detrimental to the interests titan degrading to the character ofphysic and surgery." ..TO E .EDITQR OF TIIS BRITISIII PRESS. Saw-omi consideration of the question inthieen me to think that very light weights may be transported with superiot despatch on a Rail Hood. It is reported that the gentlemen, delegates from Man. cheater, Liverpool, and Birmingham, to the number of twelve, travelled very pleasantly on the platform of the engine at Killing_ worth colliery the other day, at the rate of twelve miles per hour. If we set down these gentlemen as weighing on the average tea stone each, we shall find that the engine of eight horse power car ried upon that occasion about newt. (of not indeed useful) loading at the rate of twelve miles per hoar. Here then, Sir, you observe the weights being very, very light, and the power et •y, very greet, the despatch obtained was censidetable. The case and uniformity of the motion also point out the Rail Road as furnishing a desire. ble mode of transit in some special cases. Now, Sir, I propose that every central infirmary, lunatic asylum, and lying-in-hospital, be provided forthwith with sets of rail Roads, traversing the country in every direction in their neighbourhood. The life, or death, of a patient is often determined by the speed of the doctor, and his lancer. Though it matters very little to a sane man, that the roll of fustian, from which he intends to cut nut a new jacket, should arrive ever-night, provided he has It in good time to set to work on the following morning, yet, Sir, it is very material a :trail jaehet should be to be had as se-n as it is wanted. Be sides, consider the irritation produced by the joltiv of a carriage on a common turnpike road. 1 his cause of aggravation will be ob viated on the Rail Road, in case of needful removal to the asylum ; and the current of fresh air generated by the rapidity of the motion, may tend to restore the balance of the system. The doctor, and the patient, with every &c. will not weigh more than 3cwt. anti this weight, barring accidents by explosion and upsets, may be carried by an engine of eight-horse power, at the rate of Li miles per hour. This road, which I would call the Via Sacra, might, under the management of physicians, surgeons, and midwives, &c. be a good thing, though not in the shape of a dividend. The malady regiog at present is plainly owing to a plethora; a few millions laid out in this speculation would certainly abate the disorder. The country would reap the benefit of the outlay ' • and if, unhap pily, the subscriber should become a patient, he would fully parucipate in the fruits of his own benevolence and public spirit. I am, Sir. DE3I OCRITCS, Junior. Monday evening the Musical Society called the Choral Fund had their annual benefit concert at the English Opera House, which attracted a very crowded and elegant audience. The performance began with Attwootl's Corona tion Anthem, in honour of their patron, and of the day, it being the anniversary of his Majesty's accession to the throne. Miss Stephens apologized for not being able to give her assistance, by saying she had two previous engagements on the saute evening. Miss Tree was ill, and was pre vented from attending. Mira I'evey, Miss Hamtnetsley, Miss Graddon, Miss Brandon, Mrs. Scott (her first ap pearance), and Miss Lore; Messrs. Vaughan, Bellamy, Pearinan, Gaulden, Atkins, and Sinclair, were present, and were much applauded in the several songs given by them. There were no less than four concertos by eminent perfor mers. Mr. Nicholson on the flute; Mr. Towel, violon cello; Mr. E. Martin, piano -forte; and Mr. Oliver Davis, harp. Thursday night the first of a aeries of six assemblies took place in George-street Rooms, Edinburgh. It was in honour of his Majesty's accession to the throne, and was attended by a brilliant company. There were between 600 and ;00 present, atnong whom were— Countess of Morton. Countess of l'alhourle. lady Rae, Lady Sinclair, Lady Men Hall, Lady Scott, Lady Shaw Stewart, E a rl of Fife, Lord Advocate, Lord Robert Ker, Sir John Hoye, Sir Michael 'haw Stewart, Sir James Hall, Sir Walter Scott, a great number of naval and military officers, itc. The Rev. Dr. Parr lies dangerously ill at the Parsonage House at Hatton. Ile was attacked with a shivering fit in the evening of Sunday sennight, bring the return of a disorder which threatened serious consequences about four years ago. It is said that a most respectable City Attorney is in custody on a charge of forging a deed, apd a receipt there on, for 3901. No public a xamination has yet taken place, but in a few days the case is expected to be fully in vestigates!. We understand that the receipts of the IVesleyan Mis sionary Society, for the year ending December 31, 1824, amount to the sum of 38,046!. 9s. 7t1., being an increase above the amount of the preceding year of more than 2,200!., exclusive of the munificent benefaction of the late Rev. W. Dodweil, of 10,0001. The expenditure of the year 1N24 has exceeded that of 18i3 by the amount of nearly 3,0001.—Hu1l Advertiser. I bIICCAN PRIZE-MONET. --.E.--- Some statements have recently appeared in the public papers upon the subject of the Deccan Prize-money, which have indnced us to make inquiries in a quarter where the truth of the matter was likely to be obtained. The result of these inquiries is, that that property, Con sisting of specie, jewels, guns, stores, grain, &c. exceeded in value five millions of pounds sterling, was either cap tured by the brave army of the Deccan in the year 1817, and beginning of 1818, at the point of the bit.yonet, and de livered over by it to the civil servants of the East India Company, or left ih possession of there servants by the army, on its captnre, when the army was obliged to pro ceed to ulterior operations without waiting for the realiza tion of that booty. The army submitted its claim, as usual, for the value of the property or booty so taken, to its govereign, whd was graciously pleased to grant the whole to the captors, and to appoint Trustees for carrying the same into eft'ect ; but,• notwithstanding the exertions made by those Trustees to realize the property in question, we are informed that the Company has its yet only admitted a small portion of tlx claim, and paid no part of it; which delay has led to the unpleasant consequences alluded to in the statements before-mentioned, and which must ifentinue to increa.e until the payment takes place. When, however, we con sider the gallant and important services rendered by the army of the Deccan to their King and country, and, more especially, to the East India Company, who are now reap ing an annual revenue of upwards of one million sterling from the additional territory cotiquered, and secured to them - by their prowess and exertions, we cannot but hope. that they will soon act fairly and promptly, by ' paying over, without further loss of time, the full amount to which the captors are justly entitled, including ink-, rest, &c. It is estimated that one-third of these brave men are already dead ; and, it is known that great discontent prev a ils among the Sepoys of tl - e 1 Madras army entitled to participate, which would in all probability have led to most unpleasant and serious conse quences, had they not been informed that the Duke ofl Wellington (who is adored by the Madras ar t ily, and un -' der whose victorious banners many of the men in question, and their fathers, had served) had condescended to be their Trustee, owing to which, their spirits and confidence were revived, and they were induced to volunteer cheerfully against the Burmese in the present war, relying that, through him, they would speedily receive their prize -mo ney for the campaign of 1817 and 1818; and it will be ' wise on the part of the Directors of the East India Com pany to cause their expectation to be speedily realised. We understand that most of the King's regiments en titled to share in this prize-money, have returned to Eng land, and been in part disbanded, and that men, woinm, and children, entitled to receive more titan half of the whole prize-money, are already in England, most anxi ously, and, in many cases, most distressingly, waiting for it.—Courier. TO THE EDITOR OF THE BRITISH PRESS. Si a,—As you have opened your columns to the contribu• tion of one " West Indian," von will perhaps have the kindness to indulge another, by inserting a comparison similar to that given in your Paper of the 28th inst., and resting on authority equally respectable, while it testifies, in language as unequivocal, the superior comforts and hap , piness of the Slaves in the West Indies, as contrasted with the condition of the labouring poor in this country. This I most particularly desire all country gentlemen and ramie's, who may have signed petitions in favour of Negro Emancipation, to permit; and then to consult their con aciences.—l am, Sir, Your very obedient Servant, 31st Jan. 1826. A CREOLE. WEST TN1)11:9. ZWOLAVD. Extract (tom the Speech of Ste Extract from the Evidence of the Henry %Verde, Governor of Hee. Anthony Collett, Hector Barbados', to the Assembly, of Ileaveningham, Suffolk, 28th Sept. 1821. before the Select Committee " I now seize, with pleasure of the House of Commons on snd sincerity, this public oppor- Labourers' Wages, page t 7, tut.ity to express those semi- 12th May, 18 - 24. mentscnostuncquirocally, which " The labourer is now in ge have long been felt, but never neral the mere servant of the called forth ; that though cases, day, or of the seasoh. and is east as etceptions, do exist, which, off when the task is completed, under similar circumstances, to seek a precarious subsistence would exist in every other part from other work, if he can find of the globe, so long as men are it, if not from parish rates. imperfect, and their dispositions This has most rapidly effected differ in an innumerable degree the demoralization of the lower of shades, from good to bad; orders; and while the pittance yet, after more than three years allowed to sustain life ha. driven constant residence on this Island, those to despair who still cherish it is my firm conviction (as far as the feelings of honesty, it has has come within my own obser- made those who are void of prir. ration to judge), that the Slaves, tip le perchers, thieves, and rob . as a body, throughout the Co. hers. In the generality of )a. Tony, are muffin-m. 4 treated with rishes, from five to forty labourers kindness, lenity, and liberality, have been without employment, and to which their general ap- loitering about during the day, pearance of cheetfahiess and engaged In idle games, insulting I happiness may be fairly attri- passengers on the r oad, or else buted." -- Council Chamber, consuming their time in sleep, Sept. 28, 1824. that they might be more active In the West Indite. It Is per- in the hours of darkness. The feetly notorious, that all the air- weekly allowances cannot supply grace keep pigs, poiatry, aid more than food. Ilow, then, stock of every description, which, are clothing, tiring, and rent to with the fruit raised in their gar- he provided ? By robbery and dens, they carry to market on plunder. l'icklock keys have 'I their own account, and many of readily opened our barns and them accumulate considerable granaries. The lower orders of sums front the produce. artificers, and in one or two in etances, ' small farmers,' have' joined the gangs, consisting of from ten to twenty men. Dis graceful as these facts are, I could enumerate many more. I will mention one of a poor unem ployed fellow, who was convictsd before me of stealing wood, the penalty of which was mitigated to the lowest sum, and he was allowed a month to pay it ; he entreated me, with tears, to send him, as ass act of merry, at once to t.'ie House of Correction, where he shmild find employment and jbod." " There nre many insurers where the labourers have endea voured to free themselves from the poor-rates altogether, and the farmers have prevented their doing so. A great part of the allowance which the labourers receive, returns to the farmers and landowners in the shape of exorbitant rent for cottages a and where collages are is the hands of farnsert, they always prohibit the labourcrs front keeping a pig, and chiini the produce of the appt..trees. and of the vine which utu,liu carers the haute."—p.47. Evidence of Henry Drummond, Esq. a Magistrate for Surrey, before the same Oommittee, Vtli April, 11124. At the lasi Quarter Sessions fur the borough of Mon mouth, before Henry Hughts. Esq, Mayor, an indictment was preferred, and a true bill found by the Grand Jury, against Jos. Price, Esq. Messrs. Edward Lucas, E. B. Prosser the younger, Win. Shayle, Jas. Lane. John Miles, and several others, for a riot and assault on the 4th of No vember last. The tumult arose cn the evening of the annual ball, given by the Mayor to the independent bur gesses and their families ; and it had been thought ad visable to lay the evidence of the disturbance before his Majesty's Secretary of State, who recommended this appeal to the laws of the country. The dispute between the proprietors of cotton-works and their spinners is at last terminated, with the unconditional acceptance of the masters' terms. It has lasted 20 weeks, and has occasioned a deficiency in the quantity of yarn to the value of 200,000!. The spinners, in whoa.. cause the dispute was maintained, amount to about 030, whose weekly wages when employed would reach nearly 1000/. Their total loss is therefore about 20,000/. But along with these there were employed piercers, preparers of cotton, smiths, weights, and other tradesmen, to the number of nearly 6000, whose loss cannot be set down at much less than 45,0001. Here therefore is a defalcation in wages of 03.5,000/. and if it be supposed that the persons who incurred this part of the loss, contrived to live upon half their usual income, there will still hang over them debts exceeding SO,uool.—Causgue, Citron/de. - Till ARMY. Detachments belonging to the undermentioned IlegiA rnents of Infantry, viz. thud', .sth, 6th, ME, 77th, 91st, 93d, the Eait India Coinpany's Ariillery and Infantry, embarked on the 16th ult., under the command of Ser geant Cartmail, at Cork, for Bristol. Detachments belonging to the following Regiments of Foot, viz. the 13th, 81st, 48th, the Faut India Company 'a Artillery and Infantry, embarked, on the 18th ult., under the command of Sergeant Smith, at Dublin, for Bristol. Detachments belonging t 6 the undermentioned Berl. :tient', viz. the Gth, 13th, 18th, 20th, 30th, 91st, 38th, 44th, 47th, SOth, 53th, 67th, 77th, and 96th Foot, the Fast India Company's Artillery and Infantry, embarked on the 22t1 ult. under the Command bf Staff-Setgeant Hsl4 linan, at Curk, for Bristol. LIVERPOOL, SUNDA+ Evsrii+c; Wind W. to S.W.—High Water 10 minutes prat g. Arrived the Good Intent, from Wexford ; Mary, (rote{ ditto; Cortes, from New York—sailed the 9th instant; Sisters, from St. Michael's; Tiffin, from Smyrna; Sophie, from Dublin ; Vrow Maria, from Au twerp ; dug Con stance, from ditto. Arrived last niche the Eleanor, from NeW orieausi Alexander Mansfield, from New York—sailed the Ist Ite ceinber, same day as the last packet ship; and Inde fatigable, horn Pernambuco. The piece of board, with " Nlotlnt Vernon" upon it. picked up in Caernarvon Bay, suppnaed to be the stern of . that vessel, hound from hence to Boston, is now supp.is , to be the head-board only, on which the name is now generally painted. SHIPPING INTELLIGEATA% CUSTO3I,IIOUSE, J.N. 31. • SHIPS ENTERED INV/•lll3l.—The Prince of %rotaries°, Page, from (h.tend ; Zealous, Reed, front Trieste • G olden Grove, Steel, from Alexandria ; Willi am an d Marv, Nelson, from Buenas.; Agenoria, Barker, from Memel " • Sovereign. German, from Porte. mouth ; Sir William Congreve,Davisou, from Liverpool ; Caro, line, Winberg. from Stettin; Aitive, Lundy, from Pillau ; Yrouve Ilederika, De Jonge, from Seville s Robert and Ana, Straughen. from Petersburgh ; Heroine, Ostler, from ltotterdatn ; Henry, Fenwick. front Alexandria ; Brothers, Bram', from Ilti■rm a Phoenix packet, Wrangham, crone liamburgh ; Jonge Pieter, Addeson, from ditto ; Aticervs, Noboru, from Bremen ; Her mann, Wittorp, front flamburgli Sall), Guy, from Jrsey John. 'Willson, from ditto ; Wellington, } rench, from ditto ; Led: nomy, Willis, from Riga ; Situ*, Thompson, from flown% ; Julie, Prager, from Calais ; Hawk. Loveys. from Newfoundland ; liar. rick, Smith, from Petersburgh ; Stephen Gee, Cook, from ditto and Chinon.; Perseverance, Clarke,, from Cork ' • Autumn, Mgt.; ton, from Belfast; Duchess of S omerset . J o ll y , from "Waterfe.rd ; Apollo. Mcippett, from Cork{ Earl of Uxbridge, Hughes, front from Waterford ; Agnes, Wilson, from Dublin ; and Blenheim, Warren, from IVerford., ENTLYEI) OUT WARW.—The Miriam and Jae, Henley. for Quebec and Mon.re,al; Atuitie, Heyte, for Rouen ; Lively. Bax ter, for Bordeaux ; Saxony, Palmer, for liamburgh ; Quebec packet, Atkinson, for Quebec and Montreal; Scotia, Wylie, for Lanz. and Gd. Canary ; Commerce. Prot. fur Rotterdam; Prince of Saxe Coburg, Ladd, for ditto ; Triton, Owens. for &Bast ; Jellies and Theresa, Aston, fur Marseilles ; Helens, Coley, fur Malta and Corfu ; and Sophia, Rae, fur Tampico anti Mexico. • CLEA NED OUTWARDS rtwat.t.v AT (;RAVESEXI3.—The Drummond, for New York ; Henry William. Worts, for Malta and 'deice; Diana, Davis, jun., fur Para; King George, Psy, for Calais ; Joyeuse Arrivee, Ilenist, for Antwerp and Brus sels ; Ouverwagt, Rooderkirk, for Rotte:dant ; Caledonia, Chrys tie, for Rfadeira and Jamaica ; Aimwell, 31 birson, for Lisbon; Fox, Fox, jun., for Ostend ; and Kingston, Luckie, for De: ID Mr& LucaRING Orrtwaans.—The Rotterdam, Laming, for Roe tenlarn. FROM LLOYD'S LIST. l i ft mot, TN, JAN. 36.—Arrived from the Downs, the Ame:ia, Bull. for C'adie; the Three Brothers, Kampson, for St. Michael's; and the David Lyon, Berry, for Jamaica. Poityserowrit, JAN. 31.--Arrived front the Downs, the Skel ton. Castill. fur New York ; the Cambria, Cook, for Jamaica he Glasew, Phillips, for St. Michael's; awl the Daphne, Kohler, from Hamburgh. for New Orleans; the latter passed on. Dear.. Jar. 3E—Arrived and sidled for the River, the Bet 0. Harniri;ion, from Meseina the Jane, Dorkin, from Seville ; the Grehain Moore, Dixon, front Palermo ; the Importer, Deeper, from Berbice ; and the Ecterprise, Lloyd, from Ittga--the letter remains. Arrived from the River and remain, the Henry and William, 'Worts, for 31alta ; the Progress, Bartel 6ir Tfiette the Hope, Madge, foe S. Michael's ; and the Sa muel and ,ton, Hawes, for Cork. GuAvrhhxa D,JAN.3l.—Arrived the Myrtle, APLairne, Born Lies bon ; Lark, l'ivins, from St. Michael's ; Perthshire. Sangster. front ditto ; Brothers, Lysier, front byte; Vronw Henrietta, Heins, from Ilaniburglt ; and Salmi, Thomson, from Husem.—Sailed the Marshal Blucher, l'ound, for Rotterdam ; and the Rotterdam, Lamir.g, tarditto. J•rttrahr 31.—Arrived; the Augusta, Sap, Prone Antwerp. Sailed, the Brietois, Lewitt, fur Notts. Ait x tour, Jay. 211.—The Eliza, Foley, of and from Dung:rim to Bristol, was driven on the Bar of Wicklow. last night. after springing a leak during a heavy gale on Wednesday night and 'Thursday marring. The cargo is discharging, corns of which is damaged, and it is expected that the vessel will be gm off Isext springs. Pants, Jaw. %.—The Aimahle Vietoire, Heurteaux, from Dunkirk fur Bordeaux, is wreckel near Quineville—part of U 4 cargo saved. VESSELS SPorrx WITTI —The Mari, Venus, for Tobago. by the Arundel, put back to Cork ; the %V Haim, Liverpool for Deont• ran, 27th Jan.. by the Helen. arrived in the Clyde. The Arundel, Ford. front London to Dominica, put back to Cork 28th ult. In a leaky state, part of hcr cargo (bricks) thrown over- board. 'the Will iam henry, !towel!, has arrived at Newfoundland. LOSS OF THE SPRING GROVE. SOUTH-SEAMAN. Extract of a letter from Mr. Wiltshire, agent to Lloyd's at Mogadure, dated 13th Dec. Sir,—l beg leave to cornmonleate to you, for the information of the subscribers to Lloyd's, the unfortunate loss of the ship Spring Grove of London, Captain Wm. Hughes, on this coast. to ' the northward of Satfee, on the 23d ult. By letters received from Captain Hughes up to the 9th inst. 1 learn, that the brring Grove wns bound to the South Season a whaling voyage. 'rite vea -1 eel went to pieces won after she struck on the beach, and of cense ! quenee only a small proportion of tackling, whaling-apparel, Ite. has boen saved, and two of the crew perished in attempting to get on shore. Mr. and Mrs. Hughes and the remainder of the crew (twenty in number) are now residing at Saffee, but, in the course of two or three days, 1 expect they will be conveyed to this ipso. I beg further to inform you, that 1 have despatched en express tnea emcee to the Emperor, to request that he will give orders to the ' Governor of Satfee, to deliver into my possession the papers saved from the wreck. As soon as his klajesty's orders are received to that efGct, 1 shall take the requisite steps for the benefit of the terests of ell parties concerned. (signed) " WK. WILL m sgc. " To John Bennett, Esq." NEW ENGLAND COFFEE-HOUSE, Fez. 1. !arra POOL. Jay. 31.—Wind light, from S.W.—Arrived the packet ship Cones, lie Cost, from New York—sailed the kith inin (fifteen passengers). The Ceres, from Charleston for Liverpool, put into Nor. folk (Virginia) on the ht J anuary, with loos of sails; out 12 dept. osestrweesentsea The success of the herring fishing in the Frith of Forth continues. This morning the supply was about the same as Yesterday, that is, about 21,00. They were sold to -day at 3s. and Ss. 3d. a hundred, and retailed at a halfpenny each, and five for two-pmee.—Gtar,Tew Chronicle. The mildness of the season affording little hopes of a plentiful supply of ice for the confectioners, four vessels are getting ready in the river Thames, for the express mu pose of proceeding to Norway, Bpitzbergen, Arc. to obtain cargoes of ice. A similar venture took place a few years since, which turned out of great advantage to the sp.!cri lators, &c. Sri:et:LA.lloN Manta.—The London Magazine. Now Series, No. 11. contains a History of the Ririe and Fall of the ./Eronatitical Swineshearing Lunarian Joint Stock Cour pany ; together with a variety of very interesting Papers, among which are Napoleon and the Russian Campaign, by an Eve Witness--Captain Meddling's Journal of 1)r. Hitehener's Conversations—Men, Measures, aed Mauness in France in 1823, &c. Have you seen the Alpacas? is the first glory in fashionable life : in fact, not to have seen them, is betray ing a want of information—they are decidedly the most interesting exhibition in the metropolis : their extreme beauty and docility is the theme of admiration of the nu merous parties that daily visit them ; in fact, the hour of feeding at the Royal Menagerie, Exeter 'Change (eight o'clock in the evening). is quite a fashionable lounge. We are given to unders:and that those singular prolne tions of nature, the tic,. r cubs, wkelpcsi iu Mr. AtlCns's travelling menagerie. are alive and thriving, and that as artist of great celebrity has been down to Bath, to take a sketch of them. r • Li