The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1825-12-29 00:00:00

REMAINS OF ROMAN LONDON. ; excavations lately made in different parts of Lon ices' mancrials of ancient days have been found. days ago, as some workmen in the employ of lick, the architect, were digging I war the foun the new Trinity Church, they discovered a , e se of very peculiar form. Shortly after the struck against a vase of considerable dimen 'bleb could not be accurately ascertained, as it was idy broken to pieces, and the fragmenss were shoveled away ; but from an examination of deli were picked up, it was judged that the vase t four feet high. Many fragments of Roman pot klv of a light sort of stone-ware, have been dug up It is supposed that this spot is contiguous to that Rigford mentions in his letter to Hearne, as the chich a number of Roman remains had been found. iwiek added the first specimen to the collection of It, the architect and antiquary. The latter has formed a small museum of the various 4tiquities which have lately been discovered in the o f Southwark, by the labourers who are employed - the sewers near his own house in Union-street. a remains were found, and amongst them was • a singular shape, bearing some resemblance to a sto ne bottle. The aperture is perforated with small • is evidently adapted as a sort of watering -pot, the principle of the common implement used in ,ilea of liquor from casks, in which the fluid is as long as the orifice at the top is kept c'osed by hut from which it flows as soon as the finger is It is conjectured from the workmanship that the Roman Situlus. A Samian cup and several Samian ware, were found near the same spot. fragments resembled those dug up in Lour near Birchin-lane, in 1786. workmen were digging for the erection of 'a engine at Messrs. Barclay ami Perkins's brewery, fogad a human skeleton, between the legs of which •!iscovercd a vessel containing several Roman coins, of the Lower Empire. the dissenters' burying-ground was found, a short , a Roman bypocaust or flue. In the whale line •street and Blackman-street various remains have On the south aide of St. Saviour's church a tesselated pavement was dug up by some of Mr. workmen, but he was only enabled to remove a few A number of Roman coins were also found in place. A copper coin of Antoninus I'iva, with a on the reverse, was found M St. Saviour's church .e head is in excellent preservation, and the axe perhaps not excelled by any modern coin— not by any of our own. In the course of the ex for the new London-bridge a quantity of Roman was found, which it was conjectured had belonged Roman embankment, which had fallen into the Ihe same time. From the remains found in various . the neighbourhood, it is supposed, indeed, u seems to exit, although the circumstance is not in our histories, that Southwark was once a flourishing Roman station. Amongst the works • in the course of the restoration of St. Saviour's the progress in which such absurd impediments I presence' by a party of the learned parish j, a quantity of Roman bricks were dug up, near ttnal Court, and were ascertained to have been , with the hint in the walls. The greater part of tuities have been collected and preserved by Mr. Indeed his success as a collector has raised up wale, who narrowly watch the works carried on at at.wers, drains, or excavations, in the hope of with something curious. The foremost of those Gaitakell, the magistrate ; but Mr. Gwilt has succeeded, and driven away all chance from his 'tors by the art of liberal rewards to the workmen. terstani he has obtained one funereal urn, with an which is likely to pose the Antiquarian Society. atiquary who has yet been allowed to see it has . different construction of, and built a different hypo upon it. It is probable that in carrying on the works -ew streets, and in digging to form the improvements tropolis, discoveries may be made, which, if they itbin the knowledge of the learned, will serve to eluci - rite of the Roman London, or Augusta, now of lo Itch wide and wild conjecture. 111 form- Ate new buildings at the India House a con client of ground was elated, and whartits ca lm Roman road was discovered. Mr. Fisher, of 'avian Society, who gave an account of the su tosaic pavement discovered in Leatlenhall-street , examined the spot very accurately, and will, ene, give to the Society a paper on the subject, scriptive of his discoveries. There can be little many antiquities have been destroyed or dis account of ignorance of their value, and that interesting remains, which mi' ht , have furnished , cful perhaps to the historian, have recently been without having for a moment excited the least curiosity. Behind Coldbath-fields prison were lately nsany piles and some stone-work, which to be the vestige of a bridge of great antiquity. lids near Old Pancras Church, which were con ty Stukely to be the remains of a Romin I which it is highly probable, notwithstanding the of his other conjectures respecting it, were se .hat he described them to be, have been all ob- ,y the band of modern improvement. The Spi lathematical Societ learning that the Roman the fields behind White Conduit-house would obliterated by the brickmakers ' have had a draw- Iken. We were yesterday led to examine a tomb eery ancient church of St. Katherine, which are now employed in pulling to pieces, for 'pose of forming the new St. Katherine's Dock. le tomb of John Duke of Exeter, who was, we Inch: to Henry V., and was with him at the Agincourt. The skull is now in possession of Mr. the surveyor. The cranium is small and retir those who profess to be learned in such matters knee of royalty and legitimacy, as well as of The teeth are remarkably perfect. It would ap his tomb had once before been opened and plun- In his will he bequeathed to the high altar torch " a cuppe of byrol, girwished with gold, Ind precious stones, to be put in the Sacrament," amber of other memorials of the Duke are to be tgat the town records. ignor de Begnis was going in a coach to his friend on Monday afternoon, the horses ran away in the id, and clashed into a narrow passage a little beyond Marylebone church, where they injured the body Igs of the carriage against a post. On bein; backed resumed their course, galloping wildly down the the carriage all on one side. Signor de Begnis red :o escape through the door, but in the attempt am and forehead considerably. The horses were topped by the people, and the eminent vocalist ;cued from his perilous situation without further xtablc farmer, named Parker, who resided at 1, near Lanchester, in the county of Durham, by his own bull, on Friday morning last, in the .h. ionday night, the litdi instant, about eleven or twelve Mr. W. B. Gill, jun, of Wood Norton, a member oulsham Association, was suddenly alarmed by the his yard dog, and immediately suspecting that yves were upon his premises, went out with his tking his double barrelled gun. On coming near louse, he observed a man to issue thence, and im . discharged both barrels at him. The thief then add murder him, and aimed so violent a blow at that it broke the barrels of the gun, and injured land. On Mr. Gill calling for another gun, the Imediately decamped, leaving a hat and five I one sack, and duce empty ones. Mr. Gill then friend's at Little Fransham, from whence be ex thieves came. Some men saw two persons shortly I come to a house in a cart, change horses, and tly afterwards start ; one of them was without a men were followed and ultimately secured—one rransham and the other at Atticburgh ; a third after wards said to have been severely wounded, time these two men escaped from Mr. Gill's, was barn near. The two men were fully committed 'Y the Rev. D. Hoste.—Buey Gazelle. ply :‘, ll ; l i eß e e r:l call m v.a4 e ; For- • fe * ti". I. aril. . Chadwick, now „i re of the n v ase of has ;;Ir.lll Aar struck toll II of ao, which Co I b e grung', h e' ve t , ; „tasty shove laid Mat *Nell set s hoot four I is is chief/ a a ides „:Ir. It is Gni Sing tic"! Distort' its ; • in which a died Chadwick a I in k . Gwilt, the -ntlonsn has here ' ; A n . I n antiquitii dia., ,ugh of Sout) own as s: gins the ieral oar R 011,11676 testi of a situ , kin stone bott rt, and is evi re. •:; upon the trees 'in g s amples per- • 31'It'd as long f.:: -er , but for j oreil..,„"nt is r o f ,s utensil is the cimens g flat ring iris of the fra are -greet, TIC3I can While tame w 1. gam engine al :6, dry found aht Per- • lee discovered lie ly of the 14 Sell the dins e 4 g l T e . l y e ago, a Ron IV. d Co:on-street teed e rn discovered. Roman tesselatc arr. J . 4 workmei the hvocnts. A T femme place. !tree ifimania on the hen pod. The her dust- • • utiol is perhai tbe iguirsly not by 'the ovations for th oortar was rout aln_ ityie some Roma n rirr at the same Ilea LICIT ?kecs in the n t ter, touts seems to e acne:toed in m an d Ilvy flourishing riled in th• aim Church, t on o the p vas. fan- ice been pres este ligoitaries, aqu o e he Spiritual Cc roue worked in with • the , • :he snetquities 1 : e h Mat. Indeed illy, any rivals, wh o b e LI new sewers ir ofacting with so .s Mr. Gaitske eery !.itherto succeed • impetors b t rely ' Ire ow ti lentin y I eco- nos inscription whit ti l es E very antiquan ✓et.. pre a different • tile thesis upon it. ig d the new street Ai d e i the metrepoli ‘ ices mac within the ec ,e slre the site of Be a matter of 511 don leg the late nee Mastic esitent , &red the Ron Len the Antiquarian pith Prb Mosaic p a 1903, exam] we presume, tie fully descriptiv doubt that man] ram' on accout zumerous inters 'nl nutter useful p • becken up with( degree of curia dug up lately Nay appeared to be t be ' I be mounds ne sidtred by Doe lamp, and which wildness of his , wally what he i lit rated by the • • -Mather nunp in the fi on soon be obliten og of it taken. 01 is the very a bo workmen are the purpose of It was the tomb ▪ believe, uncle I battle of Asitico t Compton, the in tit ing, which those 1 a sal is evidence • g I valour. The to Ire pear that Isis ton n tiered. In lii • of the church p rtes, and prec a number sun amongst tb As Signor de • rtauti, on AIOT d N.w-rostl, and t the new idaryle and springs of tl 'at they resume road null the cs • eusleavoused to • brnlda arm ant a! last stopped sits rescued frc I inju ry . .1 respectable • ( rook-hall, net • vas killed by hi cask garth. On Monday ni o ' clock, Mr. W, of the Fouhham Larking of bill sane thieves at "enant, taking I • t'te fowlbouse, • mediatcly sad he would in 1 Air• Gill, that it y Nir. Ws hand. 'nioun immetlia 1 turk• ys in one a rill to a friend' I" mtl the thievt ..fttrwanls corns , n , niediately efts hat. The men :It Great Fransb man was afters+ aid at the time • Ling in a barn .atrial by the I MR. PERKINS'S PRINCIPLE OF GENE RATING HIGH PRESSURE STEAM. [So much has been slid and written of late respecting the wonderful power of Mr. Perkins's high pressure steam, that we readily insert the following detailed description of his principle of generating it, and of his ingenious methods of rendering it practically useful, as furnished us by a scientific correspondent, personally acquainted with Mr, Perkins, and who has anxiously watched, since 'their com mencement, his improvements in the productidn of steam. Should the results prove in any degree commensurate with present appearances, we may exclaim, that a new era opens upon us in steam-engines, and it. steam navigation, as in deed is also likely to be the case in warfare, from his in vention of the steam-gun. It is not exceeding the bounds of probability, to sup pose that we shall, ere long, as commonly see vessels pro pelled by Perkins's steam-engines undertaking the most distant voyages, as we now see them employed on our coasts. In this case, calms, contrary winds, and tidts, will be comparatively of little consequence, since a steam vessel, und:r such unfavourable circumstances, can always either make some way on her voyage, or retreat into har bour. The advices recently received from the Commander of the Enterprize steam-vessel, dated Cape of Good Hope, are most important and satisfactory, since, by this experi ment, it is shown that even the bi;isterous seas off the Cape did not impede her course, or cause the least damage to her machinery. It appears that the cause of her long passage originated in her not being able to carry sufficient fuel to work the engines for little more than one-half the voyage. This objection will be obviated by Mr. Perkins's engines, which, requiring so much less fuel and water than the low pressure engines, it is expected will enable a vessel going to India nut only to carry her supply of those esses tsbl but also to take, in addition, a light cargo of goods as freight.j Water cannot be heated beyond the boiling point, or 212 degrees, in an open vessel, however intense may be the heat to which it is exposed. IVater, however, enclosed in tubes, or a very strong vessel, may be heated considerably above 212 degrees. Mr. Perkins, by means of pressure, is enabled constantly to keep his water in contact with the surface of the apparatus, exposed to the action of fire, through which the water is made to circulate. For ex ample—a series of pipes, or tubes of extraordinary strength, is exposed to the most intense heat, while water is injected through them by means of a forcing pump of great power, which water, by a pressure valve placed at the opposite extremity of the tubes, is kept in contact with their sides. To effict this, is by no means an easy task, since the repel lant power of heat is so great, that no force which can be exerted omthe forcing pump, can bring the water into con tact with tha tubes nearest the fire when red hot It is therefore believed, that water wlin heated in an open vessel does not remain in contact with the bottom of the boiler, but is lifted from it, and a stratum of steam (known to be a very bad conductor of heat,) is interposed, causing an obstacle to the free absorption of caloric by the water. Hence the advantage of forcing water, in contact with the heated sides of iron tubes, and thus compelling it to im bibe the highest degrees of temperature, whereby high pressure steam of the most intense power is produced. It is not yet accurately ascertained what is the relative force of steam to be obtained from water at given temperatures ; but Mr. Perkins has heated his water beyond 600 degrees, and the strength of steam thus generated may be guessed at, even had it not beets so recently put to the proof, as compared with gunpowder. In short, this principle of beating water under pressure, is believed to be that which causes earthquakes and volcanos. Steam when carried to its maximum strength, is supposed capable of producing a pressure of 56,0001h5. upon the square inch, but if this swam be much further heated, it becomes decomposed, and hydrogen gas is evolved. Hence the phenomena observable in volcanos, sometimes the ejections, consisting of soft mud or moistened ashes—sometimes tremendous explosions of gas, projecting masses of rocks even to the clouds, while at other times the heat has been sufficiently intense to fuse the minerals contained in the earth in which these subterra neous firea criist. In elucidation of the theory of water heated under pressure, and generating high pressure steam of the greatest strength, or hydrogen gas, being the cause of volcanos, we may cite the fact of a constant issue of immense volumes of steam from a cavern, situated at the ToOtoT e Mountain In 'the 'vicinity of the CoWlilleras in Mexico, in which earthquakes are very frequent, and there ' are several volcanic mountains is J. far distant. This exit of steam acts as a safety valve placed in a steam engine boiler, preventing the steam from being heated up to high pressure steam, or being decomposed and converted into hydrogen gas; consequently the mountain in question has not been lifted into the air, or a volcano formed in its sum mit, which, but for this escape of the steam, must have inevitably resulted. It can be readily conceived how a part of a mountain may be blown up by steam of fifty-six thousand pounds to the inch, or by hydrogen gas, when it is recollected what dreadful explosions so frequently occur from the bursting of boilers of steam engines, in which the very weakest steam is generated, say 20 or 3011)3. to the square inch. Now when we bear in mind the immense , number of' square inches contained even in the measure of ' a few yards, and the consequent pressure opposed to this surface by the high steam thus generated, or by the igni tion of hydrogen gas, no one can he surprised at the phe nomena of earthquakes or volcanos. In future communications we shall explain the manlier in which Mr. Perkins has succeeded in restraining the ex plosive powers of his high pressure steam and deprived it of all danger, as well as its effects when applied to the steam gun or steam engine. On Tuesday the first appearance of winter was experi enced in the metropolis. About eleven o'clock at night a smart f.lll of snow descended, and the greatest incon venience was experienced by the hackney coachmen on their return from the theatres, by the falling of their horses. No fewer than five horses were down at the same time in Tottenham-court-road, between eleven and twelve o'clock. WAGE! or Mut oas.—The following decision was lately made by the Supreme Court ,gin Worcester, ]Massachusetts. A principle of some importance was settled in relation to parents and minor children ; and as to the right of the for mer to wages earned by the lattet ; and we understand the Court to have decided, that wherever a parent permits his children to contract for wages, without interfering to claim them, he thereby loses his right, not only to recover such part of his wages as may have &en actually paid to the child, but also to any part which may temain unpaid; so that be cannot maintain an action fur the subsequent earn ings of the child; and the child only is entitled to receive them to his own use, free from the parent's control. In our palice report of Monday there was a pretty broad chz: n preferred against the Common Councilmen of Far ri Without, via.: that some of them protect the dis orderly public-houses (which form the receptacles for thieves in their precincts) for their electioneering purposes. ‘Ve have seen no answer F irm to this charge. If there be any truth in it, the inhabitants of the ward at large should surely resent any attempt of this kind on the part of their representatives to protect men who disgrace the character and endanger the property of the ward. At any rate, the Common Councilmen arc called upon to put forth tome answer. THE LASS or RICHMOND-HILL.—Tbe following nar rative of the Lass of Richmond-hill is founded on facts well-known in the neighbourhood of Richmond :—The story is simply as follows—A young lady, equally accom plished in mind and body, the daughter of a merchant of immense wealth, resident on Richmond-hill, had consented to receive the addresses of a young officer, of exemplary character, and respectable parents, but poor. He belonged to a regiment of cavalry then quartered at Richmond ; but his offers were rejected by her father on account of that poverty. Apprehensions of a clandestine marriage being entertained, the officer was forbidden the house, and the young lady was strictly confined within its walls. Con tinued grief and irritation of spirits led her, in a fit of despair, bordering on insanity, to precipitate herself from an upper window of her father's house, and she was dashed to pieces on the stone steps that formed the ascent from the garden into the house. The unfortunate young man afterwards served in America, and was shot at the head of his company. This is the outline; thereat is embellish ment. THE BRITISH PRESS. ADVEXTURES and DEATH of the NEAPOLITAN CAPTAIN, PATITAHL ENTRACT IRON A LETTNII., DATED NATLES, NOV. 17. The Neapolitan Captain Francois Patitati,. a native of Lecce, in the kingdom of Naples, served in the year Joel at Messina, in Sicily, in a regiment of infantry under the command of General Rosearol. On the second attempt at a revolution, made by this General, Patitari was ordered by him to endeavour to draw into their party the tuivn of Me- Imo, in Sicily. In order to execute the plan drawn by the General, it• was necessary to effect a limiting at Reggio, in Calabria, and its esvirems, so that they might act in concert with the Calabrians, and thus defeat the precautions of the Royal troops, already supported by the arrival of the Austrians in Naples. Captain Masi, Commander of the maritime forces, took charge of embarking and handing the troops of General ilca s :rot. Every thing seemed thus to promise success to the enterprise, when the rising edifies of liberty was at once overthrown by the treachery of this individual. Captain Patitari, who was at Milano. conscious of the danger which threatened him, evolved to hasten to Mes sina, and there join General Rossarol. On his arrival in this town, the populace, enraged at the determination of their leader, turned their fury against him. Notwith standing, however, the crowd which surrounded him, he had succeeded in extricating himself from their hands, when his horse fell, and in his fall Captain Pathan had his thigh broken. Convinced of the hopelessness of his situation, lie claimed the treatment to which his misfortune entitled him. But the people were obdurate, and their first resolution was to drag him through the streets of the city, and thus end the life which he had consecrated. tothe liberty of his country. The greater. pan, howcvee, esposet.l this bacharoue tion : and Patitari, after doring- dreadful sufferings, was carried to an hospital, which became to him a pilaw's.. The pains which were taken to restore him to health were only intended as means to prolong his misery ; and as soon as he bad recovered, he was thrown intoone of the most wretched dungeons of the citadel of Messina. In the mean time, the Austrians arrived at Messina had established a military commission to sit in judgment over those who were secured of rebellion against the Govern ment. So great was the number of persons brought before this odious tribunal, that Patitari waited nearly a twelvemonth before it became his turn to stand for trial. The effects of the dreadful abode into which he bad been thrown began to appear, and when he was first brought out to be inter rogated, the sudden appearance of light, to which he had been so long unaccustomed, almost deprived him of sight. His hair had become grey, awl the dampness of the cell had so affected and weakened his whole frame, that he was unable to stand even for the shortest space of time. The evil soon extended from the body to the mind, and the noble spirit which had for years supported him through every trial forsook him, and the unhappy Patitari became a maniac. The sight of such a man in such a state inspired some with the laudable but dangerous wish of endeavouring to relieve in some degree his extreme misery, and their efforts were not all in vain. Love did not forsake him in the hour of adversity, and the Marchioness F. Messinoise, who had known and loved him in happier days, asked and ob tained of the Austrian Magistracy that her unhappy friend might have the liberty of breathing the pure air, and taking exercise for a short time every day in the court of the citadel. This indulgence soon restored him to health, and no sooner did his mind begin to recover its wonted vigour, than it again wished for liberty, and Patitari deter mined to attempt his escape. One side of the citadel was surrounded by a river, which, from its breadth and the rapidity of its current, had been considered a sufficient protection against the evasion of the prisoners; this offered the only possibility of escape, and of this Patitari determined to avail himself. After two or three days' consideration, he carried his purpose into execution ; and, notwith standing the rapidity of the stream, he swain to the op posite batik, near to St. Francois de Paula, about two miles and a half distant from the citadel. Although in a very exhauskal state, he immediately took a boat, and went at once into Calabria. Arrived there, his friends, sympathising in his mis fortunes, offered him an asylum against the persecutions 'llld The regßittlltt - WrGbatirwriVertt 'He accepted their proffered kindness, and although regretting the failure of all his endeavours to obtain libel ty, he enjoyed considerable happiness, or, at least, tranquillity, relying on the ho nour of the alabrians, whom he thought incapable of be traying him. Whilst he was thus situated, the Tribunal ordered him to be brought to trial, and, in his absence, condemned him to capital punishment. In August, 1e25, the researches of Government be came more active, and Patitari fearing every instant to fall into the hands of his enemies, determined, in the month of September, to pass law a foreign land, and thus escape the death decreed against him by the Military Commission, as guilty of treason against the State. He set off, wtthout passport or any other paper, and with nothing but the good wishes of his friends for his success and safety, and embarked at Stills on board a merchant's vessel, with the intention or landing at Corfu, or in some other place whence he might easily pass into Greece. He was near doing so, and began to hope all his miseries were about to terminate, when an unfavourable wind forced the Captain to touch at Otranto, in the kingdom of Naples, and near the native land of the unhappy Patitari. His good fortune now forsook him, he was discovered, and once more fell into the hands of his enemies. He underwent a most severe examination, in the hope that be would discover those who had assisted him in Ins flight, but Patitari was too noble-minded to betray them. The former proceedings against him were examined, the sentence or death already pronounced against him was repeated, and, having received the Royal sanction, he was shot in the latter part of October, 1823. Ile met his fate like a brave man ; and, by dying like a hero, showed that, had an opportunity been allowed him, he would have lived and fought like one. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. PIGEON SHOOTING. The second great match, at eleven birds each, was shot on Tues day for 100 sovereigns a side, by eleven members of the New Bats, and eleven of the Ileston Club, on the same ground where the Ash ton and Illidghom Clubs and eleven of All England shot on the preceding day. on the same terms, the winners of which killed 94. The shunting in the present match was as follows : NEW DATA. KILLED. HESTON. Bullock . . 11 Aston . 10 Fordham 10 Cobham N Uroom . 81 Blenkup . Jasper . Biliinghurst Phenix , Howard KILLED. . . . 10 . . . 10 ti 9 Swinton . 11njot . . . 0 Frampton Ward . Windus . Flowers . Newton . I; I; . . . . . . 7 - . Messrs. Bullock and Jasper a Fordham, for 2O sovereigns • side, KILLED. Apton . Fordham 31u . rley . 31ahoney Tyson Iroodroote R. Jones shot against limn. Aston and at seven birds each. III! LED. JI; I S ul a . . . 5 Yon ANTI-SLAVERY MECTING.—On Monday, at twelve o'clock, in compliance with the requisition to the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor, a meeting was convened of the inhabitants of this city, on the subject of the West India Slavery, at the Guildhall: at that hour a numerous and respectable company attended, and the Lord Mayor having been called to the chair, his Lordship briefly opened the business of the meeting. The Rev. Sydney Smith, the Rev. J. Graham, Mr. Samuel Tuke, Mr. James Back house, and Mr. Alexander, addressed the meeting with great force and eloquence, painting out the evils and injus tice of continuing the unchristian bondages of our fellow men ; and the flagrant iniquity of the abominable traffic in slaves. A series of resolutions in conformity with those sentiments were adopted, and a petition to the Legislature agreed to. After thanks had been voted to the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor, the meeting separated.—York Covent. SINGULAR MURDER. (From the Rianroad (America) Compiler of Nev. 24.1 On Monday, the 4th day of April last, F,Velina Cun ningham, a young woman who lived near Charltsuon, in Cecil County, Maryland, left her home to (lo to a relation's -- riot far distant, taking with her the child of a relative about four years old. She had to pass a short distance on the post road leading from Havre-de-Grace to Elkton. Abbot eleven o'clock in the day, she stoned at a house on that road, where she was invited to wait awhile, and the man of the house and his wife told her they intended going the same way, and would walk with her. She replied, that the child walked very slow, that she would therefore go on, and they might overtake her. These people were delayed, ' and did not leave their house till about one o'clock. While on their way, they observed a strange man come out of the wood, near where Mies C. was afterwards found, carrying a bundle, and wearing a dark coloured surtout, who'asked as he passed them, " how far is it to the ferry ?" .(llavre de-Grace ferry.) No uneasiness was entertained by the family which Miss Cunningham had left, it being supposed she was at the house she intended to visit. On the follow ing Friday morning, the child, in an almost famished state, was discovered standing at a branch by a neigh bouring woman, who, knowing the child, asked it "whom it came with?" It answered, " with aunty." " Where is your aunty ?" The child, pointing to the woods, said, "Up there." " Why dill she not come with you ?" " Aunty is asleep," it answered, " I could not wake her." Persons went immediately to make search, one of whom following the track which the child had made in going to and from the branch, was led directly to the life- Jess hotly of Mire Cunningham. Of the horrible and blood chilling apeentele which it exhibited, we are permitted only to say, that on her body and neck were found eleven wetted*, as from ate slabbing of a knife; her hands were cut, as if from seizing the weapon ; and the biood-vessels on one side of the neck were cut in two. .From the ex tended position of her arms and hair, she appeared to have been dragged by the feet. from the place where she was first wounded. She had worn black worsted stockings, which were pulled off and taken away : whether they were marked or not, is not known. She was found with one shoe on. The child said it haul put on one of aunty's shoes, but could not get on the other. It could give no other information of the murderer than that " a big ugly man cut aunty with a knife." The little sufferer had con. tinned with the body from Monday till Friday, leaving it only to go to the branch to drink, but often cry:ng, and begging its " aunty" to awake and get up. The lower part of a shirt-sleeve, evidently torn off was found at the spot, anti is still kept. One John Conners, a native of Canada, and a shoe maker by trade, was arrested in Virginia on the Ist June, and has been lately tried in Maryland for the above mur der. He was acquitted on full proof that, at the time the crime was perpetrated, he wts in Millersburg, Kentucky. This man's arrest quieted inquiry as ta others. On the day of the murder a stranger crossed the ferry at Havre de-Grace, who paid the ferry-man a striped cotton jacket, with sleeves, for his ferryage. This man had with him a bundle, and wore a dark-coloured aurtout, supposed to be of bottle-green. A man in a similar dress, and also hav ing a bundle, was overtaken on the road by a boy in a gig, who asked the boy to let him ride. On being refused he got into the gig, and continued in it till they saw Miss Cunningham at come distance, and whom they would soon have met, when the man jumped out, and sat down on the side of the road. On the previous Saturday night two men, a woman, and a child, who said they had come from the Potomac Canal, lodged at a house in Cecil county, near the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal. About twelve o'clock on Sunday, being a stormy snowy day, they left the house for the canal. Early on Monday morning one of the men re turned, got his breakfast, and took from his bundle se veral articles of clothing, which lie left, saying they be longed to the other man, who returned and took them the next day. The woman and chill did not come back with them. The man who returned on Monday morning soon left the house, to go back, as lie said, to the Potomac Canal, and passed on the post-road from Elkton towards Havre-de-Grace. He wore a dark-coloured coat, and had with him a bundle. On or about the 13th of April a man was arrested in Baltimore, who, on his examination before a lagistrate, stated to the Magistrate and a gentleman present that he saw the young woman who was murdered in Cecil; that he was sitting in the wood, on the road side, when she passed by; that he remained in the neighbourhood till Friday, when she was found ; that in passing along the road he was afraid, being a stranger, that he might be taken up, and asked a gentleman on the road to let him ride in his car riage, or remain in company with him, the latter of which lie did; that he saw the funeral, and was sorry to think that so fine looking a young woman should have been so cruelly treated; and finally, that he came from Havre-de- Grace to Baltimore by water. This man, when arrested, had a dark surtout and a bundle with him. What is yet more strange, he told the Magistrate and the other gentle man that be came from Canada, and that his name was John Connors. The boy mentioned above, and another person being sent for, said he was not the man they had seen on the road. lie was discharged, and asked the Magistrate for a certificate to prevent his being taken up again, which was given him. AWFUL INSTANCE OF SUDDEN DEATII. —On Tues day, between the hours of twelve and one o'clock, as Mr. William Randall, an extensive starch-manufacturer at Lambeth, was walking along in apparent good health, op posite the New Bethlem, on his arrival near the Stags be suddenly fell down and instantly expired. Immediate as sistance was called to the unfortunate gentleman, at:d the body carried to the house of Dr. Morgan, in Canterbury buildings, who without hesitation pronounced the spark of life completely extinct. On Monday the sth inst. a dreadful accident happened at one of the collieries belonging to Messrs. William Clare and Co. of St. Helens. As three of the men (two of them brothers, and the other a cousin) were d esce ndi ng , as usual, down the coal-pit to work, about four o'clock in the morning, the pin which fastens the chain to the basket, which the men were in. unfortunately came out, by which means they were all precipitated to the bottom, a distance of upwards of ninety yards ; and when found they were all dead. The head of one of them was completely laid open, and those of the others were greatly fractured.—Lieer pool Advertiser. A seriousrobbery was committed early on Sunday morn ing on a person who resides in Shudehill. He was knocked down, dreadfully beaten, so that his life is in Langer, and robbed of about ten pounds. The robbers were six in number, and being all in military undress, are supposed to belong to the SOth infantry, a part of which regiment is at present in quarters here ; but nothing has transpired to point out the guilty individnals.—Manehesfer Mercury. BA !LIFT Sit ov.--(Further particulars.)—Between seven and eight o'clock on Saturday morning, as Capt. Beggs, who resides at Phibbsborougb, was walking in his garden which fronts the road, beserceived a man looking over the wall; the Captain, being apprehensive of arrest, cautioned him against proceeding further, and threatened, if he did, that he would shoot him. The unfortunate man, in defi ance of the threat, made his way into the garden, and pre sented a pistol at the Captain, at the same time showing the warrant that lie had to attach him ; upon this Captain Beggs discharged a gun which Mrs. Beggs a few minutes before had handed him, and lodged its contents in ►he bailiff's breast, when he instantly expired. The name of the wretched man who has thus lost his life in an over zealous discharge of his duty, is Ryan, and was employed in the Sheriff's office. Captain Beggs has absconded, and Mrs. Beggs has been taken into custody, to await the ver dict of the Coroner's Jury, which sat during the course of the day on Saturday. From the great number of witnesses whom it would be found necessary to be examined, the in quest was postponed until Wednesday next. Several of the witnesses differ as to the position of the deceased when he received the fatal shot, some asserting that he was on the wall, others that he was in the garden; the latter is generally considered the more probable, from the manner in which the deceased was found lying. No warrant has as yet been issued against Capt. Beggs.—Dublin Morn ing Post. .fte • THE CUTTUN TRADE. (From the Lirfrpool Albbn.) The annual statement of the import and stock of cotton • will be made Up on Saturday next. It will, we ohierved a few wet kr ago, be a document of great and general inte rest. It may not, however, be difficult to anticipate, even how, from the data already before us, what will be the pre it/Me amount of the sleek that will remain in the ports of ,Great Bri l taig on the 31st of December instant. In order I to ascertain lis point, le: us, in the first place, attempt to estimate what will be, the total import of cotton into the parts during the present year. Import into prierool Landon Glasgow Total, R e 7%. 700,000 80.000 80,000 . 810,000 Taking, then, the above as likely to be the total import of the year, the next point is, to estimate what will be the probable stock that will remain in the ports on the Slat Dea cember instant. We vertnre to state it, by anticipation, thus : - Stock hi Liverpool London Glasgow Total, ries. . . 254,1,000 - 85,000 • 10,000 34,000 The stock on the Slat of December, 1821,, was ess,odd bags ; so that, if our probable estimate should turn out nea curate, the stock in the ports, at the end of this year, will exceed that at the dote of the pfeceding by 113,000 begs only ; an excess extremely small, when we take into con+ sideration the mighty and tfnparalteled traniictions of the year in the aside of cotton. ; Btu though the stock lathy ports may exceed that of last year by even 113,000 bags. we must bear in mind that 11l stock in the hand/ of fibs! manufacturers is much smaller—se-Adler, perbayn, do& at the end of any previous•year. They were supposed 10 have held, on the 3latof D-cember leer, eto,ooo mote thin they held at the mime perifid in 1323. It has long been clear, however, that the excess was much more than that number, or else they could not have kept out of the market so long as they did. It is imposiible to disbover the quanA city which the manufacturers now hold; but we inspect that it is unprecedentedly small—smaller, probably, by 40 or .50,000 bags than the stocts held by them at the c!ose of 1824. So that the stock many in the ports, although com-d paratively great, is positively send% and does not exceed the actual stock of lsZt by hiore than about to,ona bags. Besides, an allowance must be made in ivelght for the large proportion of Brsziland Egyptian cotton comprised in the stock. Some of the cotton, too, warehoused in the port et Liverpool, is of very inferior quality, a circumstance which will be accounted for by the fact of the markets of the world having been swept, Its it were, to supply the specm , lative demand for the English market. Another point of great and leading interest is, to ewer" Min what has been the probable consumption of cotton in the course of the present year. We attempt to eatimate the consumption thus : Total import and previous stock Subtract stocks at close of 1825 Deduct export Total probable conadmption of Rms. 1.045,000 350,000 6115.000 MOO 822,000 It would be a curious and interesting inquiry to ascertaid bow much of the cotton annually imported is consumed it goods at home, and how much is &ported in calicoes, twist, &c. to the foreign market. An ingenious friend, who has paid close attention to the transactions of the year in cotton, has furnished us with the following statement cat this subject: _ _ _ Exported since Ist January. 1025. Calkon . 273,776,845 yards, or 24:1,357 bsirs of 2501b5. each. Twig, - - 31,725,927 lbs. or 148,551.1 Total export - - 3tte.els The statement of the export is taken from the official returns ; and our friend gives these reasons for snpposing that the foreign market consumes n far greeter quantity of British cotton manufactures than has been hitherto inn- , pined. "We have always," says he, " been impressed with an opinion that the export of cotton twist, &c. has been annually ver large ; and the research which we have made bay cal the impression. Not many years ago it was cod - mare MAN export trade was only as one part out of four compared with the home trade. Later it has been supposed that the export was one-third of the total consumption. morn the documents, however, which we have examined,it would appear that the averageexport, including twist, is equal to two-thirds of the home con sumption. This result, so contrary to our preconceived opinions, and still more opposed to the opinions of loony experienced merchaots, directed out attention to a cotnpark , son of business of the present with that of former years. In this investigation the following causes appeared, its some degree, to confirm our statement, and to account for the export trade approximating so nearly to the home. Of late years the silk manufacture has very much increased. and prices hare been so moderate that a large portion of the population have adopted the fashion of wearing coin ' mon silk, instead of prints or cambrics. Woollens have almost excluded, from the home trade, velveteens, cords, &c. (which arc now but partially worn); and linens have excluded a large portion of coarse calicoes. These changes of fashion and convenience account for the stationary amount of the home trade in cotton stuffs; and the trade to South America, to our North American colonies, the population of which is rapidly augmenting, and to other countries, as well as the increased quantity of twist' shipped to ports abroad, account for the increase of our' exports." On a review of the whole subject, we cannot but wonder at the mighty operations of our countrymen. Venice, Portugal, and Holland have each, in their time, been great coromervial Powers. The capital, however, turned over in this country, in the article of cotton alone, would equal the whole trading capital of any one of those countries in its greatest prosperity—pcthaps of all put together. But, to dilate upon the extent of the capital of our country, the magnificence and ingenuity of its machinery, and the per severing enterprise of its merchants and manufacturers, would extend our observations to a range of interesting subjects on which *e do not intend at present to touch. We would, however, impress upon all classes the necessity and the policy of supporting the cotton trade : and whilst we deprecate a wild and reckless spirit of speculation, we ' congratulate the trade upon one point, which cannot fail to be a consequence of the unprecedented mania of the early part of 1845, namely, an increased production of .w valuable a staple as cotton. What are a few hundred thousand bags of stock, when the annual consumption of this country alone is probably little short of 700,000 i. L a consumption which is still increasing and likely to in— crease. Before we conclude, it may not be uninterestlng to state what were the import, stock, and prices at the close of the four preceding years : IMPORT. STOCK. 3 1821, 488,100 . 353.800 1822, 03,100 - 286,600 1823, 8813,400 - 382,230 1824, 541,330 - 235,860 VETOES. rpiand. - Pernam. Rd. a !Did. 111.1. a 120. 6}d. a Ud . 10;1 a 110. 70. a 9.1. 11.1. a 12.1. 84d. a stio. 12141. a 12}d. LIVERPOOL, Dec. 27.—We have a fair demand for Cot ton„ and prices steady; about 3,03, bags sold this week. COMMERCIAL INPORM•TION EXTR 11011DINART.—Tbe Afornirrg Herahl of yesterday states an advance of is. lu 2s. on sugar. Thi Sugar Market has been dosed ante& Friday, on account of the holydays. WESTMINSTER IMPROVEMENTS.—Many Of the houses which abutted on that ancient site called the Sanctuary, at the upper end of l'rince's-strect, leading to Tothill- . tree!. are at length levelled with the ground. IVorkrnen are all* now employed in preparing the foundation of the intended new Parliamentary Mews, by lining the excavations with lime, in order to insure its dryness and durability. It i% understood that in addition to the improvements thus phi-. creding in this renowned part of the metropolis, there wit: presently be another new square, facing the northern aide of the Abbey, and corresponding in some degree with the tine inclovtre which runs parallel with the entrance to the Sessions-house. IVesttniaster will here acsume, in conse quence, an entirely new aspect. The houses al present in Gardener's-lane, together with many now standing in King-street, arc likewise to be pulled down. •