The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1808-02-19 00:00:00

- ...are the sem- • - wino& tier ? • I'do con ,.s acted inwards this" country wi of e\ cry law of . nations ; and 1 do' 4 that this country i. bound and is justified .tiatifig upon her. If it he said that the las • ations ought riot to be observed, I do from 'p, art protest against such a principle. I do Ant nothing but the 'oust urgent necessity can wee • V•11t its nousobservantc. lf,Thowever, yonr enecti, will not be bound by it. I do think that you hai, no other resort but that of going buck to tn. primiples i laid . looking to sett-pr. servation.— Mon+ las been said of the intriivment of ueu• teal rig hts, but I have heard very little said o neutral - duties. In the openinun of those ()rdei.. in Council, it never Was in the contemplation n the framers of them to oppose neutral rights. I America suffer, it 13 v.itAt is own oidable when her interest is so connected as in the present wai tiet..eitu this country and France. These measures isezilatt America were alone intended to env l`rance., not so injure or infringe epon the rights of tzatnils. - Every thing, and every concession, com- Tientsin' wieb the deteue,i of the country, I dc • -- • fill , of neutrals. Awe ,eo to the Colonies her owu consurrip thip to require of a an enemy's colon), for such admission. you have a right you think tit. It istrd towards Antte misunderstanding do not believe it; ily persuaded that 10 , 73 these measures that I think she will, actuated Ly no hostile • whatever injtny she unavoidable ou oar preservation and ex- Ainerica should not Joe every thing in its security, to VICCOM4IO. prowl it has been the prosoerity of the Different has b e en the All eora monies interdicted, un.ier .• independence. The America, I do contend, bras heel one cootinued recce of insult and injury. Or. at 13-itein hie. or. the contrary, uniformly seta oith moderatital and forbearance, and with every wish .: c ~. eats amity and friendship be. twos*. tiro OD antrie .. lam teal:died, from all aitsi:t.e consular:di° s, and from the good sense of ehollerica , that do tuptute will take place between ilige t d has. A great deal of objection had been *MN et ilast the shape of these Orders in Council, get paitiovlar times at which they had been egatest their brine too rigorous ; but I eillt. . lillolb.r will feel the weakness of these ' mod agree that Airy beer been founded eves 'the) justice, are. um. These Oran, I t p. otilloliele.o will cause severe privations , ere the Caution*. and, suit uoo i the head of ie Tyrant *senate intended to be entailed ri:,on us.' The pc sierkia which we bee is awfol beyond exa.nple. awhile 44,0 tin which we are engaged. erre ne velt, pseeetlent. %Vetter possessed of the dominion of basso, Freisereof the land, on footing of complete oqindili t and I will add, sietenor in resource to hert - regret teelistor so touch clamour aa has been missdeity I know sot whet ittfatuatie,, for peace at the ewesient moment. Are those who are melt ad vocate. for that measure, satisfied that it would be a eke*, solid, and safe one?—l very much fear that so _INIOCC of the kind could be obtained at pre. soots lam satisfied, that by carrying on the coo tie* with that spirit and energy that become a free People, the issue will be speedy, honourable, and glances." Earl Tserte thought his Hon. Friend, who had :lost sa' down, had depleted from the investigation of the qupstion bernre the !lease. He couteuded, that the prieriple of selferestervation laid down by his Hen. Fricid in defence of these Orders of ' Council, was not made out. If it had been, he would admit it to be a juititication of them. The injury do: e to Neutrals, it was contended, was saavoidala, amid we with a view to the ultimate toptry and atitioyautot of the enemy. He con t.:elided, thic. we could have no rielit to attack Neu toile directly to injure the enemy collaterally. The Order issued jay Ili. Malesty's late Goverimient, in January, 1807, was it veil no gronnds totally &s -tied from Lim present Order,. The former e. as in colifurinity with the Laws of Nations, the afteriu direct violation of them. In order to jus tify our conduct towsrds Anserica s it will be tutees may to shear that Jibe acquiesced in the provisions of the Ficitai 'Decree. The contrary, hewecer, appears to be the fart. On the appearance of the Frew+ Decree, in Noveuifirr, the American Mi tester required re explanation of it, stating, that it was ountrace to the Treaty of Amity aud Com anerce existing between Aniciica and France. The answer of the hlinistor of Marine was, that it was not in the contemplation of the French Decree to affect American shies. He hail heard it said, that this was idle assertion ; but he would be glad to R::',, if the communication of the explanation of this Diicree, by the President of the United States om America to Congress, was bottling more than idle sitter: ion ? It wits a wail-k.ioivn tat t, that the mer e:haute of the country, whose ruinous upon these Orders in Council were rertnitly the most correct, and who uniformly complained of them, had not in coassouence of French IDecree been oMi ged to pay a siogle additional shilliug inittrattre on the trade between this cent try and Ameiita.o;- Spain was eltiged to issue a similar Decree at the time France lased her. An American ship was liroight into a tlpanise port for vsolstion of this L.erce t *be was brought to trial at the Prize Court, and ordered to ,:e reloesed. Another in securu occurred i:i Frunee, Awe an Anieriean shin, limit r tl c gam neiniumetadete, was released.— What # he it oithi nalc, -cohltl.lett so - cruirioeing as thcse rarer ? e.,:.i:0 hat cowiltVotere strieigly slew that it was not: the nitentioe of France to injure Cr rest.iee Aeaeritaa traders? More were other Lets wOieli orstre Mr. Altinivie's, (the Ame rican Amiatisailor here), letter to Mr. Secretary Causing. stating it not to be the intention of resseelle interfere *Wu the trade of America. In e teeth of all this evidence, and three week.; after e receipt of Mr. Mourosesletter to Mr. Causing, eae Orders in Council app eared. It is aid that merlon did not obtain the revocation of the . reach Decree—out how could they be expected t may not, nor wee nut in her power to do so.— rile Noble Lord proceeded to consider the Orders Council as contradictory to the established nrinciples of municipal law ; quoting purl or the Maria Cliar:a, with the Commentary of .3!on • esquieu t to prove that this country ever had con sidered the rights of, even foreign merchants as art of their own constitutional liberty ; heuce, he maintained, the et ation of the King s prerogative the publicaion of these Ordere, and their en forcement, had effectually violated the established taw of the land. The rights of war should only ne exerted by the King ou the. property of the enemy. and by no mean* should they be ex tended to that of Tic utrals. This nieneure bad even proceeded so far as to raise a tax, and levy *applies, without consent of Parliament.-- N ith respect to the policy of the tuesanee it self. if the inexplicable nature of the orders per mitted him to say he could form any just to even of their tendency, he snug .acknowledge his decided conviction of their tendency to injure our trade, depreciate our character among otherius tions, and deprive us of the means of meeting the , pressing emergencies of the times. These orders, us affecting the sugar and cotton trade, heal the worst possible effect. He could never comprehend how this measure could be delionibiated a retails tiou, since it affected primarily ourselves, and next our allies. The French would contentedly . suffer seam ewtharraanueut and smut of convemenee, ili well apprised that the sinews of our strength li titrA our commerce. Hence the whole force of injurious system reverted on ourselves. He concluded with expire. slog a most anxious wish that a formal protest b:.01111t be entered against the 110e41.1aft. . . Mr. Rose rove to answer the statement of the Noble Lord ; he was surprised to Rad h:in recur ring to Magna (Carta to prove that the pre seat Ministers had violated the Statute Law of the Laud. 03 va.iotts occasions the law had been die pented with, for the convenience of trade, and the purposes of prompt and vigorous policy. But snch instances were always pubtied by the nature of the case. On this ociassion our conduct had been con trouled by necessity, and America had little con sulted her interest in expressing her resentment.' He strongly rtrnonstrated against the too prevalent spirit of concessiou to America, in the late treaties concluded with that country, and dated the in crease of our trade from ladia to foreign markets, sad the prooortionate advance of that of America, ' from the signing of the last treaty iu 1794. He was sorry to perceive that America should have Iconceived the intentions of this country to be hos tile to her interests. He for his pert totally agreed in the sentiment delivered to the House by his Right Honourable Friend, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, a few evenings ago, that the interests of America and this country were mutual and reel , procal. He was anlious that she should divest herseliot that tetliug of resentment and dissatis a factio.. which had need solely excited by inter i ested ;ad factious members of that Republic, for ledicting au union in views awd spirit with the go . vernmcat of fri ace, our implacable enemy. , Mr. Hainaut professed himself hostile to the . meaoures pursued ay Ministers towards neutral Inations. He traced the necessary consequences of the Orders of Council upon our own trade, and I highly disapproved of them. Our conduct, he I feared, would but unite the energies of all neutral nations against us. Mr. W. SMITH combatted the statements of the Right Honourable Mover. Ile was anxious the Government of this country should not degrade her character in the eyes of Europe, by conde scending to adopt the principle of insporting'the manufactures of this country into France, on a contraband and contracted scale. We were trouble to bear up against the decrease in our revenue, and the consumption of our manufacture. Vent for these must be procured, or our prosperity must be annihilated. Was it then just or expedient to let this country rest all its hopes of disposing of her wares by the uncertain and unsafe expedient of smuggling theta into France by neutral bottoms; for such must be the natural coo sequence of the decrees r,. w in force on oar part and that of France ? It would, he contended, he much better to permit America, who was the only neutral nation to whom we could confide our gods, to carry on a direct trade between her own country and France. He warned the Government of this country of the danger to be apprehended from the resentment of America. She was the providore of this country in corn, to the vast amount of several hundred thousand quarto,* moonily. A motion, such so the present, which thus threatened us with starvation on the one hand, should, for consiiteney's sake, be followed up by the Ministry with a bill far the general inclosure of waste and unproductive land on the other. He wished much Ministers could have proved the necessity and ur gency of that measure, whose defence alone rested on the clear and undeniable proof of that necessity. lie also wished, since .50 much conciliatory lan gcsge had late . : fallen from the opposite side of the House, a little of the spirit of conciliation had directed their conduct, and entered into their sys tem of politics. Lord Hasse Pv.vvv, in a most animated and eloquent speech, as-ierted the inadequacy, inspoliey, and injustice of the measures under consideration. "I am surprised," said he, to perceive, that after the various and able answers which hate been given to the speecb of the Right Hon. Gentleman who opened the present debate, no attempt has been made, in reply, by any of His Majesty s Ministers. I era more diet all surprised to first, that the Hight lion. Gentleman who had, early to the even ing, attempted to answer the staten.ents of my Noble Friend, should hove so completely forgotten himself, had the part which he has hitherto acted, As to express his dissatisfactims at the system of -oneemion adopted by thiscountrytawards Arnetira. Who could have conceived, that time man wbo had been most active in the tsar: this country had taken, in forming those treaties, denominated treaties of entirese:on, elleald he the person to ri-e in this ' t linage; to impeach the policy of there cow:en:pas? The ohjeetserAhe port of that tardy of 1704 wen continued while he remained actually the Presineot of the X1)11al . a Trade; these were renewed in May. letr7, and at this Mcmeat they arc ahout to be renewed, I wideretsind, by the advice aud consent of the flight Hops tecotleinan. In one pert of hilt tpeeeleire has spoken of his anxious wish foe con ciliation • in another, he has declared himself the frieud o f meet unparalleled aggression, and ac teeny to any specie* of concession. If ever there was a crisis at which it might be awfully imports:at nut to niietaks violence for .vigour, or cannon lee cowardice, certainly it is the present. No justi licutiou of the measure before the House sLeuld be received, except • perfect jastiticatiou--tei dams viol] on it should he purtial—emdecision premature. Some have &dialect' in justiticatiou, that this mea sure will provide rebel to our colonies in assisting in the disposing of oar colonial produce; and next, to a means of increasing our revenue by a new specie s or taxation ; it indeed is ludicrous at this day to hear it advanced, that France, which has Withstood the united assaults of coalition* abroad, dissensions, anarchy, poverty, and masilltere at home, shall, at length, be compelled to yield by the terrific inconvenience of being not deprived of her colonial produce, but of being compelled to pay a greater price for it. Are sugar and coffee of .such vast importance to that country, that an in crease of price in those two articles of consump tion would effect a revelation of sentiment mei government in it ?—Ridiculous suppoitioul— This has b.•en said to 1.3 founded en a pnaciple of retaliation ; that is, we retaliate the evils brought on us by the enemy, only on the unoreudiug. The injury falls instantaneously on the neut ral, and ouly indirectly oil the enemy. Compared with such a measure, the order of the 7th of January was a fair sy stem of retaliation, and consistent with the laws of uatione. (Hear I Hear ! from the Trea sury Beach.) 1 say it was a species of mitigated retaliation, sedulously attentive in its enactment to distinguish the innocent from the guilty. To the hard conditions nominally imposed by France, Ame rica had never in termsor practice snbinitted. Nor Las the Et. lien. Secretary for Foreign Afi'aire, after ell the anxiety he hasexpressed for information on this subject. and an inquiry maintaiued for near ten months, been able to discover en instance of her submission. (hi the contrary. I have it from the very best authority, that but three vesiels were etp tures' under that edict, each of whien was restored on an aprilication to the Admiralty-Court of the enemy, with all the costs aud damages attending their detention. Can it be then said, that Ame rica is a party in the trausaction ? Of this, all de scriptions of people are now well convinced ; and I am happy to announce to the House sod the cone-- try, that, in the decision which has this uight taken place in the other House, the good sense of the country is already triumphant, (alluding to the de feat of Ministers on Lord Grenville's motion) ; and the dark maehinatioee of corruption and injnstive are no longer able to lade the honour and interests of a great nation from the inquiring spirit of an enlightened people. (Hear! hear! re-er/toed through the floase)—The Justification of these measures at first rested on the Scene Articles of Tilsit.— These Secret Articles disappeared, and they next rested on the assertion that Government had peal tive data that in that arrangement there existed a secret understanding against all trade between the other nations of Europe and England. Of this, no proof has been afforded to the country, nor can he, since Ministers would be undoubtedly happy to grunt it, fsr their own exculpation, if they pos zessed it.--They have it. noL Our conduct then has alarmed the pride and excited the ressutrusut of America, which, had not these Orders unfortu nately estranged, it is more more than probable the letter of Monsieur Itegnier would have exasperated agaiust France, aud have caused her to make a common interest with us, though perhaps still averse to enter into positive hostilities with the French Government. The grand question next comes to be resolved :—Have the true com mercial interests of this country . been injured by the conduct of His Majesty's Ministers in advising the hostile atftside we have assumed to neutral na tions ?. We are the great inanuthcture..e of the world, and depend solely on the exportation of those manufactures for our support. It is of little consequence to tell us that our Decree will ultimately compel the French to violate the laws of their own country to procure the return of commerce, while our manufacturers are compelled to have recourse to midnight pluu. der and highway robbery to avoid &nava non. Can we even export oar goods to Ame rica ? No ; by depriving them of a direct trade to the Continent, we subject them to capture atter touching at any of our ports. and deprive them of the means of purchasing in our markets, since thee have no longer side for their own produce at Ists 7 .7e. Bat this probable tile reformetion we shall effect in France, will not be that of taste only. By long disuse of those articles of hitherto daily con sumption. they will probably discover a substitute, and its use becoming general, West . India produce will fall in proportion. This argument applies more strongly to articles of our home manufacture; and hence the West ladia Merchant and the Bri tish Manufacturer, suffer equally from the impolicy of the measure. I wish to add a few, and but • few, words on that subject already so amply discussed, the Belligerent rights of this country. We are, it ems, entitled to protect our trade by even se saultiug, on the high seas, thavemels of a neutral States His Majesty's cruisers are empowered to enforce the Decree, and the captain of a vessel of war brings a neutral vessel into our ports, tweet ing the hard necessity which compels him to have recourse to these measures; hat mark the soothe change on corvine into last. The Navy Officer is changed into an Excise Officer, the cant of neves bay, and regret for peat violence. is soddenly dropped, and the captive informed, that now he has touched at a British pore, he may, by paying the port fees and duties, prescribed. iy these Ce ders, obtain a passport to preserve him f out far ther molestation on his voyage to an enemy's port. " Terpiur ems elirivv4 Is pleolllll Mawr (anima aaparaa." Strings aud uneecoentable (+anise! The Ameri can Captain is astonished, and is vain dernaed i the reason of this extraordinary procedure. He re j ects, however. the proffer of protection since that would occasion bas capture by dm Frearl, were it detect. ed in ins papers. But ler?peating to say he has al ready a ccnificete cf origin, he is informed that circumstance alone renclue him again liable to cartutc. What, in auch si situation, must lie do ? In fart, Sir, there is no• end to the various phientiinena •ii.troiluced iuto the political world by this most e t t;aor.lisary measure. It is similar to sitspzusiou of the Oatc.;s Copts Act. here, for the rarimsi of connniug certato persons of who se loyalty we have stispicioils, and whom we dread as disnerous members of so.iety, who, as soon as taken into custody., we ava . informed, may procure their enlargemc.it, by paying a email tine to the keeoer of the prieou ci nub These Ucerees admit also a neutiai vessel Easy sail to restricted po r t direct. `et not return hoarse with a back car go, union she touch et some port of Great Bri tain. A vessel. for instance, salts from Messina to a port of the Itiogdem of Noples--on returnin g she is captured by int guglish Britt of war, forsooth, becnitit, having a cure on bosid, die did not sail to Great Britruu prior to her return harm". N u _ incrotis cases might be adduced c,qusily tidiculons. However. I will not trespass one cur tiino longer, but trust that from all that baa ixen urged, •th e /louse will refuse to go into the second reading of the Bill." After a reply of considerable length from Lord CASTLIMAGII, which the lateness of ~e the House frevents our giving to. the Public, the House divided. and there appeared, for the second reading of the Bill, Ayes SU Noes 94 Majority for the second reading, tan The House the divided ou the propriety of p ing into a Committee on the bill. There appeared for going into Committee— Ayes 147 Noes 35 Majority •94 Thallonsethe,' adjuurued, at FOUR o'CLOCIC i the mnrni;g. THEATRES.—DRURY-I , ANE : This Evening, a New Open, ' KAU!. OR, LOYR IN war Masa Tf with ELLA Roarenanc.--COVENT-GAHDEN This 1...7.111nm, II Nvis Consedy, IllenoXT. DULL C•it • oa, How WILL IT Ea n ? a New Comic 13a Let, called, Puoa JACK • an, Tea Batrzwonsas Tnas or OLD EXCLAIM; 11,11 LOON AND Keit% ATOTLT-IrTREET trIfTTITETN. , ,V. The Patroassers sad Suheeribent are requested to owl tat &eft Trekras sa soon as possible, as • tic Aamanbites bi dts Saloon Theatre will COININSIDOE on Munday Next, die tad blatant, with a Crane. Ccucert, ucal Perform s, Mr.. Ilitri 111...dysceoN, ne D'Atmsi, Modame M:411'1'1.'11, firitrAuf ilk AI:LTV:II s. The Orehebtro csotaisa, as st yoir r He erst Prufessent Grand Piaos Forte, Mr. G.T.disast-4..trader of the Baas, Mr. IVElcHwri.t.. The Concerts will positively begia •at lial:-ier.t Wine etluek preelsely. The Secretary attends at dm ('Foe every day (Sundays excepted) from One till flee o'eliiiek. * THE BRITISH PRESS. LONDON. FRIDAY. FLIIIILIAILT 19. Interesting Debates took place, last nirt, it in both Houses of Parliament. That in the House of I- l' Lords completely exposed the weak:mass of tors. Lord Gas)it . txxs moved an Address to His 1.1.1111.iTY, for the production of all intelligence received iu the mouth of October, previous to the P issuing of the Orders of Council of the 9th of :No vember, relative to any more rigorous execution of the French Decree of November, laud. Upon this important motion 11linistcrs were outvoted by a Majority of nine, the embers being--ator Lord GRENVILLE . * motion 47—Aguinst it 38. TV, discomfiture excited great alarm in the Sliuodetul ranks. Every exertion was made to procure the attendance of their friends. Dispatches, messenger., and expreoes flew in all directions; and the Minis. terial benches, in the course of the night, presented an accession of strength, but by no means so great as might be expected from so much exertion. A 4 second division tool• place upon Viscount Stn. SWUMS motion, that no measure should be taken to employ the Danish navy, so as to preclude its eventual restoration, when the number* we.c--• For the motion, sl—Against it, 105, including 44 proxies. The tone of the Opposition, however, was not in the least lowered by the resul'c of this cezend trial. Upon a view of the whole proceeding of the night, they considered themsch es as liiivit• obtainecFa decided advantage. The tide of pub: e opinion begins to set in strong against the Minis ters anal their new morality. The Court Martial merely met yent'rday on the Trial of General WIIITZLOCILE, and adjoarard over until Monday, on account of indispotation ofone of its Members, Lord Latta, The Cork Mercantile CAroniek, of the tith inst. annosaces the receipt of letters from Liebou of t:.e 156 January, sta.ting, that " all American rent:, were permitted to rail from Lisbon so the day pore codicil! the 15th of January.—This, " addi die Cor4 paper, " proves that the Vrench D..orees amnia in operation iNaitist American trade, and wsy have a decisive influence on the imaduct of Amens*, !riet4 respect to these. countries." A proposal has been made, by Owernmerkt, to the boat builders at Dover, for building as mans flat-bottomed bouts a* they could ria,i ‘ bly come plete, within the sperm of six week'. The Preston Esht lncliarnan, for which consider/ able apprehensions were entertained, has arnvcd !de with the tord Nelson, and thigh Inglis, !Witt• rota, and several other outward-bound %easels, at Portsmouth. trot ar•=o prr Can. 1a ...Mll Ia p Ceut. Cu..... 6311 LONDOtTirPriated by G. DAVIDSON, tf;Dabes. eq•urt, .atreet, Cereal-pries, pabilete4 at tke t)ft-ce, Ito. Is, Patti of at. amines Chord, Strati, bl sTVCIL, of No. 7, New Ileltserearret, Lem-Aavt , .• Or.'^vs, Ar. for that Paper, s to thralls* (,u Pala will be iinly attuded to. i~ ata Anton were m favour of t tio:a was, as befotP, admitted to gr and bring batik thtir pro•luce for ht tt;on, 1 cat.inot cont.der it a hellish N e astral whom you admit to go te at to be sahiect tocertein restrictions ft If yam bare a ri-,•11Cto iaterdict it, to pientoot mad; regulation as ye has bilhossiid measure., adopt aftesoidl be likely to produce r ltetweinalear end tills couutr:,7. ea too contrary, i oat thoroughly Ara:aerate will free, w vies twith that temper and coot ono that that thin enantcy has been actr.att taelisageweast her, inn that whi me* nattily?, wag ebactintely one part; and intioltenstble to our psi !Peace. It-is itnpeti bte that Air Me the' this couatty had done e power caripati bie With Seed aAte and edited:race !ter. 1 to; co.tvineed as 1 am, that the one ia that of the other. Differ' treatment of France to America. 'ten whh Coen Britain has been the threat of destroyin her ion enatitteL of France towards Amer has heel one co:.tinuad acute of 2ilj The O The sistrr, Mr. Pe yereer, Mn 14 •h PcMk bra eel, gms I The tee?, a tad re *l B ° tie*: ft, Ella) Tli Ilr Cisq• Me, Mr. Deal Part Dun a mm ode Pal Pha tai II• 6