The Statesman. — London, England, 1810-08-14 00:00:00

LONDON: • TUESDAY, AVOUIT 1810.:-, . • - ...nallm..- Villa-Camps. has upwards of 10,000 cavalry and bfantry under his command in Cuenca. It is no t Ivo whether Bessecourt, his predecessor in coin- , wand, is to be employed in any other quarter. A French courier, with his escort, have been I killed at Nievas by a party of patriots ; and the H mail, which they had with them, has been secured. The party was commanded by a female, who lias acquired such dexterity in the use of arms, that she actually tired two shots for one that her followers discharged. W.e etc informed that on the 6th, King Joseph, reparatory to his-departure from Madrid, put ite requisition 600 coaches, and other light vehicles, with 400 waggons. This intelligence, with the an nexed article from Madrid, we have received from a quarter entitled to the highest credit. It should seem that Joseph either is disposed to risk his per son no longer in a contest which appears to be as endless as unavailing ; or that his brother has or dered him to take up his residence elsewhere;--such is the authority possessed by, and the respect 'WWI( to, the Sovereigns who arc indebted to him fur their political existence. " hi•onto, JULY 5.--Councils of State and of the Generals are held daily, and the despair that preys upon their hearts is visible in theircounten antics. Carriages are every day taking the road to' Castile, and few days pass without the arrival of carts filled with wounded soldiers. Great quantities Of effects of all sorts are selling in the Retiro. The lid they circulate are in proportion to the advan. tars we obtain, and they are constantly telling us of the ,ir•Hies that are entering Spain, and the de. fiats and desertions of the Spaniards, not even sparing the names of the most ardent patriots ; btit the inhabitants of this city, ever true to (he cause of their country, interpret their language in its just sonic. There is a rumour of the intended depar. tare of Joseph, which is completely confirmed by the preparations that arc gtiing forward." • Demons, Jury 17..-. A letter frOm Madrid, of the 27th vit. received by a persowef reapectabi. lity, contains the following particniais:':" This day a grand' conv?lyi'of carriage! and Waggons, with a suitable escort, and a number of private in. dividuals, setoff for France.. Two or three of the five or six !Generals whom Bonamte' has sent for in all haste f 'are said to have accompanied it. As the departure of this convoy has for some time past been ex peeled, (hie nutice has'been forwarded td the parties in' Castile. •A number of Officers who had assembled in the Retiro, to set off with the convoy, have reternedin thelt lodgings, dec.lar. ing that they will only loaf°. Madrid along with their respective regiments, whiell are 'to march In about a week. This agrees with the report that Joseph is to set off on or about the sth of next month, and to take all the effective troops with him, leaving the gates under the care of the poor invalids, and the town in the hands of the burghers." PRICE. OF ST(tCKS rlllB 1)A Y AT ONR O'CLOCK. 3 per Cent. Red. GM IS per Ceot. Coos. 613iiii Omniu* h a dis. A.. bed. Dow. I Waterford ' • Cadiz THE STATESMAN. gas nowt of Lord IVELLTNaTbn is Stated in . several-private letters from Lisbon; and we believe Shit Ministers have supPfessed that portion of that ditpatehes which adverts to this important event. , Aptong the letters is the following, which came to our hands yesterday t " L1P,801 4 1, 31:111.Y 29. " We understand, that since the retreat of General CaAV• Foto, Lord IV eLLINGTO ). and his whole force are urge tllra road to Lisbon; he has broke np his camp in the inountaiife and has sent the baggage before him. We look for him net Li,bon, bur w hen he will arrive we can form no conjecture.. Toe Fronch are stated to he upon his heels, and occupy Ida I ground as List as he quits it. EVcry.pass in the mountains togsl to Lisbon Is fortified by the peasantry, ander the order Briti , a engineers, so thati, it mit likely that tbe enemy wills able to do much harm as Lord %yar.LiN GTO N retires. " We await the arrival of transports with reinfurcemeub with ceaseless impatience, which. is increased every seaseelit they are deltiyed. In General - CaAtivuan's utfair, we ars afraid the English were much .warsted." • • • AN account front Malegs, received et Gibraltar on the 23041 r My, atitesi that the French had be: gun to evocuatothat .place, befog reca I fed bra. sad. den and pressing order to the neighbourhuoil of Sa ville, where it is understood that the enemy Is much weakened and exposed. From Gibraltar we learn, that the little castle of San femis, garriioned by WO Spaniards, had been attacked by a largo body of the enemy's troops, who made repeated attempts to carry the post by assault ; but the gallant Andaluslans who defended it, being sepported by the fire of his Majesty's ship hepaticas,' and some small craft, bad successfully repelled ermy„attack with great slaughter. We also learn that a Spanish corps, under the command of BALLAITSROS, had penetrated along the rear of Vteroa's army, cutting off several posts, inter. ccpting his supplies, find grostly harassing and dis trming the enemy during five days ; after *hid) Bil.r.asvettos returned across the mountains, hav ing sustained very little loss, and carrying with him prisoners and booty. Lamas from Gibraltar of the 24th ult. state, that GUMMI LACtY was encamped at San Roque wjth his corps, waking for a favourable °plinth'. nity to advance; and that should he be attacked by a Seperior force, it was his Intention to retire under the guns et that fortress. The parties of Guerilla have been latterly very successful in mating off pro visions and small numbers of the camp F WE inserted the Letter of PAT9.ICII DOWLMI yesterday, with the copy of a seven-shilling Bank Note, as a matter of some curiosity. But this subject leads to a veer important bra i nch of politi cal economy, which we believe is far from being perfectly understood. The Report of the Cons. mittee, respecting the hi gb price of Bullion, leads to theistic topic ; and one or two eminent politi. cal writers have lately directed their attention very mach to the same pulut. The result of all the reseals. inga of the political writers we allude to is-,that the recent embarrassments in commerce proceed from an excessive issue of paper-money; and the conclusion to *Web - the above Committee has come, is—that the same cause his produced the high price of But. - lion ) and its consequent• inconveniences.—We do not exactly agree, either with the deductions of the Political Writers who bare taken this course, or the Report of the Bullion Committee. The execs- sive issue of Paper Money..itas added to the evils complained of, and has accelerated the hour of their heavy pressure ; but it has not been the vole nor even the chief cause. If the trade that "has been carrying on since the Bank's restriction from pay. ment in specie, had bean real and, usually pro fitable, there would have been little or no ex. ems of Paper Money ; and if the Trade of Europe had remained with us, as heretofore, the newly.ac. quired Trade being added to it, and being profitable, there Would have been the usual and more than usual-pie-toy and cheapness of the precious metals, notwithstanding tins unjust and improvident measure of the Bank restriction. The cause of the present and recent embarrassments in Commerce, and of the dearness of Bullion, is the disappearance of real and profitable Trade, the loud the Trade of Eu rope; and the substituting of a Trade that has not paid, and that. will •not and cannot pay, even the first cost of the Manufactures so eagerly, and often fraudulently, pushed into it. Can you desire better reasons and cause for embarrassments,than the loss of all Trade that left profit, and the acquisition of a Trade that never returned your capital, untouched? Of course, we speak of the - aggregate of Trade, and nut of individual, and very. isolated examples of successful adventure. Where then is it you coull wish to go for a solution of the question of your mercantile difficulties, when you have arrived at tho fact of the loss of your profitable trade, and the worse than twin-brother, the discovery of a trade with loss? And how better can you tepee to account fur the high price of Bullion, Oen yam have lost the balance of trade every where, tbit to say, when your trade, if at all profitable, tepe e. Stable only to the extent of an exchange of yowl , industry for things you want, and no where to tit• extent of a surplus of exports on your part, to be paid (in the only way such surplus or balance CIA; be paid) by the foreign merchant transmitting to you the pricious metals to make up the deficiency of his sales to you ?—lt is for want of looking a little at principle, in these things, that leads so wide of the point, as many persons are wandering; it is from the getting shut up among mountains of detail, where the eye cannot survey the whole, but is filled every successive moment with some large object or other, for ever shutting out the general view. if men would not bewilder them. selves in these fastnesses, the thing is simple; and no. thing is so easy as its developement. Try it, and you will perceive how easily you arrive at palpable, and' immoveable conclusions ! Begin with England, In the natural course of trade, and unembeswaseed with war. Her merchants trade with France, we will say ; and England being superior, in industry, . and improvements of machinery, can sell the met. chants of France most of the manufactures of which they have any want from a foreign market. Frage, making less of her industry and ingenuity., seeds tut back a great deal of raw produce for part of our manufactures.—ln all this traffic, there is Pro.' fit to England, because it commutes. the labour and ingenuity of her artisans into something existing for enjoyment, or to be applied to set this new industry and ingenuity afloat, again to emits profit in the same way. Now, wealth in enjoyment, and wealth in capital, would arise and increase from this, even while England only received commodities in return for commodities—that is to say, the Eng. fish and French merchants bringing their yearly ac. counts to an exact balance, by their respective ex. ports and imports. But, supposing England to ex. port more merchandize to France than the amount she wants bask in merchandize from France... this, it is plain, must create a balance against France, which cannot be paid in merchandise, for the supposition is, that the French merchants have already furnished the English market with all it wants, and which can be bought of them. The balance can, therefore, be paid in no way but by the precious metals. If •Fraime wore to ,pay her balance to England by good bills on. Russia, those bills, it is true, might be provided for by sale in Englund of Russian produce, instead of gold or 111. rer. But if Russia also owes a balance, at the year's end, to England , it is plain that the balance against France must be paid at length in specie by Russia (if Russia takes that balance upon herself, la consequence of her 'transactions with Pro!eye), along with Russia's own balance to Begland. Shift this Where yea wHI, and how you will* the balance which one country owes-aouthes, toast Ile paid ht. THE STATESMAN. . . . tboltiietous metals. It can be paid (If at all paid) - ip 'Bathing else; because this balance mean is siirpliii V on mon odities which one country has taltei frois4 kiviother, without having any mgrchaottrae ttgleit foi that in return. Thus far is plain enougit„ there: I fore, that any eauntry having many bolaticei-Itn.. mildly in its favour must be rich in the precious me- ' tats.. In such a country, if you were to aerie& give large premiums to export gold and silver, you could not keep them out, nor make them scarce. 4 , .--As long as things remained in this u ndist u rbed k state, the course of commerce would bring byes precious metals back again. - tut if you satilfi how the precious metals become plentiful, it is easy to tell how they may become scarce in the same nation and place. Throw away, or contrive to lose your Trade that brings balances, and these metals gradually disappear—first, because there is no longer an inflow of them through the balance of Trade ; and secondly, because you cannot Trade universally without a balance against you in some places, and the influx being stayed, the balances against you drain you continually of that amuse. latioo you had made of the precious metals.. The present scarcity, and high price of : Dentists is therefore accounted for, without talking of the excessive . June of Paper.moucy. The latter may, and.does aggregate the evil ; but it has not created. it. It there had been a moderate supply only at Paper-money, the Bullion would haverlisappeared, nevertheless, ender the circumstaoces of our loss of all balance of Trade.—Nor does the cum . of Paper-muney any better account 'for the pre-. sent commercial embarrassmehts.' Partial em. barrassmeuts it may. account for, and has often occasioned ; but thit adage from the impro. vidence of INDIVIDUALS, and not from the na ture of paper-money, or its excesses. It our trade had remained• as it was before the dissatrous politics of the present Ministers and their political parents, there would have been pleuty of gold and silver its the country, and the excess of the issue of paper money never would have hurt any but the individual circulators of the notes, and the indivi deal speculators with them. Where mercantile transactions are fouuded,and trade is profitable, there , can be no excess of issue of paper money.- It is specu_ lotion only that makes the excess, and that makes the' excess mischievous. It is true, that the excess gives' ' a power to some at the expellee of others ; and , that the relative property of descriptions of per. eons and individuals ii much and injuriously changed by it. To instance, the dearness of provisions arises much out of it. But there is great danger, when you are looking for the cause of general and sweeping national calamities, there is much danger, and muck mischief, is ascribing them to , partial evils, and to evils that, although they . eg. , l gravate the distemper, did not bring it on. It is tlpi policy of Ministers that has created all thiamin ofiell..l They have done it, am] none bet them,. and •tlieli' teachers in politics. They have deprived the Coun.. try of all profitable trade, which was evil enough, with such a Government hi . lopport :I—,—Tber have thrown our . blerebents into a wild sod ruinous trade I They have left es' no returns of profit from soy part of the Globe; and, in Pro portion -as the heart sickens et 'these things, or seeks. for relief In extravagant 'Climes, they administer. oew wounds upon the former unhealed and bleeding SOM. These are truths, and- fatal truths. And: let no man turn his eyes from them, to look at excess of papersmoney, .that is an evil, and ought to be cured, and is, in fact, curing itself. But it is nut to be made a cause of diversion from. heavier thoughts. Let that subject be developed carefully, for It is little understood; but Id it be subordinate to our other meditations, to our death. like broodings over public political misery, public poverty, and public ruin! Let us have no serious , or lasting thought bat of those things, and the re. medy for so many unmerited calamities ! , t ... A letter s , •• diiiialtir l %i hoe t '. lowing :-- •.• • • " The Bluck.'.finlie ratter was takes Is a ckt by' two large privateers, and Carried into Algien. She was charged with dis "patches from Combietinopleand Alalla, . m writes wilts avetisted • dispatcheSfroin India. There are 24 privateers of she wee de scription. mostly commanded by worth lessOessoese. w hick cruise Setween Oren old Bona. They have lakes the Firpti, nine *Ts ai, which sailed from hence about weelui ago. A beautiful American brig. the Amphitrise;whiddeft here shoot the mete thee. hut shared the seam title; alseill4PY ulltett. The Prime Ernest packet is considered is great peril ; rbeswill se sus . exee l. tem prize f the., if they Wks with her isaviegwa immerse queasily ef dollars on bused. flea:mil is wired from Al goers, with the Purtaguese /dental Beira aatense ne Weird. He has purchased a pence With the Hey, is beiselfrif the Pup legume, fur two years, fee Which he is to psy 9010,00(1 dollars. He proceeds frees hence to Lisboa, Mlle amiss, for the mo ney, as it is to be ;said immediately. Mr. DANIA means, wtris accompanied the Pertageese Admiral teAlgieft, is else arrived here t and, I believe, Will proceed with bias to Lisboa." 'lle defection of General SAILSASIS from his friend and patron, the Gallic Emperor, and the kind welcome that he has received in this country, excite no small degree of setusiskinens IN the pub. tic mind. lielhas even been invited to the tables of • mi n i s t ers , an d received as much attention as if be had been an acknewledged Aurbauadur rather than a ranee soldier. Another singular arrival and sin., „ guar reception is manifested in the p erson o f t h e conductor of an Angltarench Newspaper, long the vehtcle for libels and slender, foe abuse of every kind against the British. Government, This MOM also apmws at the table Of aStetesman, who is said to be allowed WI. per day for each entre expeacer. flurely s however, Gmntleolin may invite whom they please to (heir tables • • • - We eaderstand that Earl Ra i ritaarr • is certainly to be Lard Lieutenant of Gloweestershire ; and she Earl . of BrasitLet k to have the Militia. ..~.~ "7 - ``' -- ~ , , , a ,,,~~'a.+ ...-otrrn .1G • (Fmk o . r . & ff y ifrairsao Pon. of Saturday fuel ae rhe following ttalemesat has appeared in a ;min t Print * and.,ttliresisitsidetr to giro it insertion; i t is wit* palm smiedo so, 84.• . we wish to place i ts ,. desithavreefleilertrOiiii, Such a ststeetsat g okyVi it • must commend atten. Ride i.diflr 40ty Aliaistes.who will dare to tbiNj il Ailiti,§iag4ssalhooll!:*; neglected ; it calls fur is. Aoirritif okelleggee iikte!tiget!og ; we shalt be Aim ahouldi bime too highly colour e d %, and solemn e nq • `' i P(e6llis ‘Ci t i t h e psiittic mind, My fRIA IROUltittllSCOATit T, A Co. S. ~ A. Sot days agri,tisleemen, or The name od Catnittoresti vissicealed:irisaysaiet tinier his cat s (he wilt in caliewrirtcluthes) and sallied forth,-S e , . . clarinctlttit 'meld is room pram or other before ho wouad return-+►be made this declared.' to a young OMR of the seine or Gnaw+, who gm at work at the new Sail-coach .ces4l near Esc:. aorthy; Gkeiartisked him, 0 *tat assald yra • &au* 'with Cattsretna immediately replied, Ic.l74littOn skew yam," and drawing the harem frees undor•his.coar l . iostantly 'tithed the aohats. .nate man in the head, which penetrated his bads and he has since languished. under the mond,. without the slightest hope of recovery.—The Loy. alist immediately exclaimed- 0 my G--ti, 17 j. Afty Of your sort, not a astir of sti r bad would be sintehad. Gressati is p &man Catholic. • few days betas WO *halation of loyaby took place, a shut was fired in !beetroot of ffianiscortity, the ball struck a Quaker Lady (a Min MARTIN) is the mouth,. shattered her sipper lip dreadfully, sad .knocked out her front teeth-01h was between his' ;ad eleven o'clock at night,as the Lady was returning teher own house on her jannting.ear. A Very short time ago, smile of thou preservers of the pew stoat. within a shortli t stanee of the hous e o f a Geetlesian Innis coontrx, whose ally halt con. sloths the setteity which,:in o the character of a ma.: gil*(ej*CPii.:4o4,4l,Arfending the peaceable and oeil...4vesed inhsbitaids within his jurisdiction, from thi,Aggression oflisticreanta who hare but toe 1)0g '.disgswedel , entOry by their lawless asd saTairksr a llo.t . j i tittirternal visitants (it was the dcatitifiitht).Rftsmiled-to carry of an iron Ws; and'ii ' faar nights after returned and affixed to sa. other gate, nithie Jo yards of .the Gentlemen!. hail door, a notice, of which Sistiollovrlng is loopy vorbedsit et liOrtsqJ..;7 44 'P 1 fi " Povistatr-ar i7 we:gave yea Dotter Imo aft 480 to flyleaf' tafallo paoo as a rebeltiowhireawo tell yotemw Man jioti • 4 41 1 be of directly, by * Goa PI w I 444 OW. Arliterer.ahs we On:r weirs we will brut 'oar eon*. he saitf a war eattle,.wad hafajtior'hoduo-vw naiad yna EMI PM hear frees yeaoittbaft N Tittlk " Didyito idrfe*PlA2Vd you ova, oaillsaip,. you rebel! I" 44 The partaltbrifit Mr. Nuanced' vphish is supposed to i llilliVoiliteed this testimonial of eM long-cherished 41 1 tal *placable re:sentient, so ors, disable tolith ti4ettinte - who . gOt is directed, was his lisring..reeeitiett 'tiforsmism . s i agaiiist some At the personsbhunbeditild fur impti%ltyand battery. Now if suollimobtssitili ,O t c gate of a tfeop, trate„*,' gni 4(9 peoßigmlled Croppkr, It would boaaid that in insurrr t tlea was near at bead, if nut setualitiridekooti'isiti yfitla justice too.— It would t eettegiV:iblit'Y shoals of poor to stood . all the:Assaults' , hrld'actil '617 ;I,.strage committed by the brier order /4 3 N)Vil ig itters at Enaisearthy—they 011athe thalig i bees .0f the peace in that towhee • tratiti Wit Oh th oaf part.of Ireland." • rift 4 " i 1101 Llti talk L LIG It IVc a tm 3 • 1t4f47 - 4felfrd Mtn tos‘Yistfla sappo.44ll,lasitiatliaiSiglet the ritetoaad if Colonel Ilt foe* purpose kitasehtloratiliktFrousl ReVew which no takaplare yestenlay. Tae'yfd Stitt totoetry, ant Drank shirr hWitia took their sisnbae of encampment. on apitallall. 'Dear Lewes, um Satirilay s and uo thrsisy entrance time IMr, .Reglments. were falpeeteti nadir media la the bring nooshol4 . • Major (general Ha ow*, • Lieat . Col. .Ities.4 who saliently hit I. the late hulk ed,, Almeida, wits a near rrlattoo of J. W. lloas., ltsq.'ofiGhea• • Boddea, t=out', and Captain Haas, %A.tro was op Wounded, Is a spay( that Gestleataa. Yeatcrday the 44k OntWiao of the Mirth arrived it Til• bury Fort, from whence they are to tanbark fur Scotland. : . • On Satirday embarked at Cowes,. detachments of the 27th (De Ratty's) and other regiments, to join their battelionoin. the Mediterraneask - ; , Letters have keen 'received (oteriand)• from oar squadron in the Persian Gillph, to the 234 of Few breery last. The deltruCtion of the pirate 'forces • had beet' completed, and the ships were expected to return to .Idonsbay by the middle of March. The Chiffone, Captain WAI NO(111106T, was to relit there for another service *flirt months. We are sorry to kern that there are no hopes re. maioing of the safety of the Cosifert gun-bri e , Lieu .tenant Jens Gemioinr, whichsaited with dispatch* for America In August last. It is believed that she foundered of thu. Agoras, awe that all the crew pc , tidied. ti pii t s . . The Roseifi, SCAltt . . '' p rolll St. Villittltell, if stranded Oa the Stitt, 'lt' Bristol Channel, lA 4 deferted bythe trying; , . . -The BOrli,'..W tile*triinique fur Loa. Atm!, started a plash i • ' was abaudoned bT 11 '... Me ii.ofiet ihiltSer int ite la*rro, Swim, awe beds! rusilirs sealiarried• halo Malta. q We COO ,tom rnavebis too a Morning Paper 'Three 11. 4.1 00 1 1301111t4a been taken into etotedy on utsPiCisi 41rInsiarelsoir•slio authors of the for. gory e i f 11, iliaidelps O f raiit o hoiaigh eimp.Bank WM dOn d 9 4l4 . o ti a leke..biinitilo iced sil a esei s idereble sum. 4545. - •s:rbiiebbrbsc ri - eteiOsrt of Aldermen this dsYs'Abl latelliftslfo l loapectiog tho Mal i witora%lteitt IV I saiMiall to be raised Id. is de I Pe I.;yit. 9