The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1808-07-16 00:00:00

ADDRESS 70 TITS 000.110 07 AGILIGULCVAII, RIP 11* Jinn 111 f. CLAIR, atilt PaCOMMIT, AT 'LUX Or disc 1111111110 V, .7171111 7, toe. • In c,.giltyalty to the usual practice, at the ter mipatana of the tneetiiilpi tl Huard for the year, !how begleave to submit to your coasidenition short detail of the various particular* which have principally occupied onr attentiou, during the Ses sion about to terminate, anti which it is impossible :to refb:et ou, fur a um:tic:it, without a deep (movie tint" of the snAily public advaiitagta which must ne. cessari:y be derived from this Inatitutiou. COUNTY REPORT* The idea of aseertateaug the agricultural state of every district in the kiu dons, and of printing each surrey. accorslitig to one unithrm model, so l'ae greatest uuthrtaking ever attempted by any in ablution; and though carried on *nth funds ex iremely inadequate to such on attempt, yet it is at last in a fair way of being happily accosnolished ; all the counties in England wilt ire completed in the course of this \year. Several will reismiu to be dune iu Scotland, for the execu:ion of which, fit persons cats btr procured, as soon its adequate funds ere obtained for that porpoise. In the coarse of dh.4 year, ilre Iteportadsove tie en already printed, and eight trams:ante:du the Board in a slate ready tor iskiblicatiosst. so that tits progress has been co's- Otkerable, and lute terniiitakioa of this moat im pnrtaut undertaltiug, by which so large a moan ing' of the rands of the Board hat hitherto been absorbed, is probably at no great distance. • 'The advantages to be derived from their Reports are ausverwilly • recoguised in foreigu counties, for I,:ve same plan has been already adopted in Frassee probably bit imitated iis every %he.. civilised country. A letter has lately been ritcsiived from a ca e'struted-agrieulturiot %a I. ra3ce, which be vial a 'eh; opituois, tt that such a taco tare it the moat useful that can he undertaken, fur tirise_ging, in a short apace airtime, agriculture to a lijgh degree of perfection." - Indeed the income- Con fursoshed by the various reports and coutinu nicatious publisited by • fire IktarJ, iwr esc..:eds what 1 generally sopr...teadetd. • Dr. Coventry, Proles siir of Agriculture in the University of Eslinburlch, %Os), from his sititatioa, is. led to extunine every work conueeied.witls the subyecta on whirl' he lec tures, has receutly 'declared, " that it thew late reports and publitatimis. there is detailed. more misers!l anti distinct inforsuation, on variosis brooches of agricaiture, and on rural concerto' ire general, Ann war in priut ,before these were drawn rp."— NViiat tutu inay net be expected, when ail these Reports are completed, for little more than sal-," . e half of then were printed when this idea of their merit and utility was formed by Dr. Coventry MACHINERY. • • . There is no object to-which tire Board ran direct iti stientisni, of more iiiipertince, than to staples,* the saiselitoe7 . eity,sloycti in agriculture. In many eves, by sorb improvements, the WITINI quantity of work can be better executed, or can be pelormed by fewer horses, urea consequently at *cheaper rate. by smelt means, therefore, the) nese:mini; pnce of humao labour, and, as a uecensery consequence, u higher price furbelown food, cue' best be coo in enacted. fire noaroveounem in usaahinta trairsan tted to the Board, . within these few tpooths past, are nuinerous and important. Among these arc to bt.• 'cutunerati.d, 1. Mr. Andrews's rapanding. A.cle-fret, by which the breatiti of sae-cis thsernptiosss.of carria:.:es tin plased in husbandry may be altered at pleasure ; also a wa,:gois, invented by. the seine mechanic, so well constructed. thut it can tura iu Adana any situation, and can be drawn in any direction 1,, coil svientlF, is peculiiirly well i-abshited for nar row limes, for ilrowiiiir ti.nlrer out of fotests, and would probably lw of singular utility in another departvueut, siamedi, in conveying artillery. 2. An Anger. sank to have been Sounded is North Apierica, on an ingenious principle, which ck-art he'll*. and which will probable ha found 'applicable tol3lr. Elltiogton's mode of and other agricultural purposes. 3. Garnet's Patent Systems, in de at Bristol, by which s4se frictioa in cisterns.- and other agricultural Matra/mats,. is greatly re:. dined. .4. d (lance Mill ; west on the late Lord Peorhyn's estate in Wales, by which furze bruised in such a manntr that horses and cows can eat it with plen.tire ; and with such • a machine, wit - ere furze can be had from waste grounds, it must be a valuable resource for cattle, mom especially in tines of scarcity. A. Ax Insproosd Thrashing. will, invented by Mr. Moodie, an ingenious me chanic nell- Edinburgh, at a price which will not exceed hisl. which is unconamouly strong, will re quire but little repair, takes up but little spare, mill by meats of which, two horses will thrash a considerable quantity of any species of grain, with out working harder than if they owe at plough : and, 6, A Switss , Plamgh, made on the principles ftoomniended by Jain - son of America i by the late Mr. Msedougall, whose merit., in thedepail ment of Agricultural Mechanism, are so universolly acknowleleed, arid which bids fair to bring that. valuable instrunient of husbandry to all the per- 4 fection of which it is camthle. DOll EnTic (vourrioNs. Tint situatioa of Europe, at this Cm* the convulsed state of it. eneauserost relation, inn the general combination of the Continent against ' these kingdoms, most necessarily he productive of circumstances, in some respect unfavourable to the agriculture, and in other respects to the comascree of the country. Among the agricultural produc tions which the war has tended to depreciate, that of long wool is one of the moat important, amid the fall in its price has been considerable. An inge nious farmer, (Mr. Whitworth, sear Doncaster), was thence ed to try how far such wool might be made applicable to the making of sacking, of ropes,:atri a variety of other articles, and the plan is likety to successful ;in particular there is rem von to believe, that wool will be found peculiarly well'arlapted to lie emjsloyel is muking cots or hammocks for our seamen, not being so liable to take fire. Tents made of wool, also, must be' het ter clk-ulate.d for resisting wet, than when canvass is used for that purpose. lly these means, a double oliject tn. y be obtained ; that of iucrewsisio the vs lie of' nu. own productions, and of diusinishiiig the consumotion of articles imported from a coun try. linty unfortunately at variance with us. Here it may he proper to observe, that, in con sesinestee of ea applitatiosi from the Commisssion . 11 4 rs of Naval Revision, the attention of the Board has been particularly directed to the cultivation of hemp. Vivery, information upon that - snhject. which t records of the Hoard could furnish, has been givra to that useful institutioir; and a ith a view ttrit the growth of hemp •iid.4!it not interfere with the production of human Pm at !tome. and that its cultivation Might be premoted,igi our colo nies abroad, preminius have been oilered to the person who shall cultivate the greate,t number of acres, (übt less than four), with hemp, on divined poet bog, and to those who shall report 'to the Heard the best means of promoting the cultiva-, tion of that article in our American Colonies. POTATOES. This valuable article caunut be too much worn m and.2d an excellent soureeof hiiman sustenance. There were two obstacles to its extensive CUltiVlt :••••••1. diseuxe culled the 'mid, to which it is frequently ; and, 2, 'The supposed diffi culty of preserving the root beyond one sea*On.— Under the auspices of the Board of Agriculture, both these objection.. to the ixtemive culture of po tatoes are likely to be removed. In regard to fhe curl, it would appear from the experiments of Mr. Crozet., of Alnwiek, in Northumberland.. that it can he effectually prevented, by sowing the pots. toes intended for seed, later, and taking them up, earlier, than vrlien • intended for food. Several besliels of potatoes, treated in this tnannef, leave been purchased by the Board, and distributed in the ueighbourhood of London, 40. ac to give the experiment a fair trial. In regard to preserying po tatoes beyeiel o.te seamy, it is ascertained' by the eeperititents of Mr. Boo,: of Setiihnieger, itl Kew, that by cutting them in thin slices, and by lireing them in a hop or other kiltf. thi May be kept for yeirs, even at sea, either in those slices, or ground into ine.d. By these ineatme.uo part of the pots toe is lost, the soli nua d ttr is all retained, the moisture only being evaporateil,.and the meal may be eoestirnert in various modes as Altman sitar. mince. • It may be proper also to observe, that by cutting the blowiiinie of the potatoes, the root* are greatly improred, and thennuutity of, the produce considerably auginewtek FOILEIGN PRODucTiOXs: The present eircomstances fif this otinitry. awil of the rest of the world,. reinter it extethiely difficult to import ray articles of foreigii growth, to be cul tivated' Isere. 'The Board, however, has not been inattentive to so great a titmice of improvement.— Uuderstaading that a speeiea of barley had been brought by an ingenious traveller from Greece, which was extremely productive, and peculiarly c.ile.olated fur feeding 'tonic., (by which, if' found to answer, the importation of many thimsand quar ters of out, would be rendered unnecessary), means 'ave been taken to try that artic:e, even in the re- Mate parts of the kingdom, as the grain rectos to resemble the bear or big now produced there. Ap plication has also tern made to Colonel William son, win'w long residence in America has given Min a thorough knowledge of the . production* of that part of the world, to exert ' Ins influence to procure several imicles likely fa be df use here, in orticular the seeds cf the pitch-pine and of the swamp-pine, which It has promised to procure, and which will probably be %Mind voluable acquisitions. ROAPS. The inquiries which here been carried on in Par lament, on the recommendation of the Board .of Aviculture, regarding roads, whecbtearriagea, Lid ill the /variety of pitructilars therewith connected, are likely to prove iii the highest degree :Aran tageowi to the country. A Committee for prnseca tirqr those important tnquitief, was appointed in the course of the present Session. lvy whom tws Reports have beet: already presented. which are now in the press, and a third is preparing. The elect of these must be of infinite consequence, if zeal •ly itettil upon ; anti if any thing cliectual is time. it -must, in a great measure, be attributed to the exertions of the Beard of Agriculture. If car. ri.ges were properly constructed, fewer horses would be necessary to convey the same quantity of pods; aad if the roads were formed ou better principlesi• the carriages would last longer, the !toms would he lass injured, the roads themselves would require less rcpair. aad, froth the various expenses Which would thus be saved, there is every reason to believe, that the uatimi would be enrich ed, orpathes its annual expenditure would be di minished, on the smallest cotnputatiou, to the anhenat of front Ave to six:millions per annum.- Stich arc tile advantages resulting fron an atten tion to objects connected with tnternal icnmoye: meat. It is by such meastires"ulone that a noting can become permanently great and truly happy. By them its strength, and thefelicity of its people. may 13Pthtsuely inerrised ;*sehilst foreign conquests are, tee eaten, the fail sources of boundless ex pense, sad of domestic debility. • Tut eguktEs. The Board of A glicul tis:-e--:tas always been most anxious id promote the prorfreritjedf the ethiiiiei,* .and.. ether distant appendage+ • the ew pircr wherever. irwas L'enslstent with the paramount in terects of the mother country. With that view, the seeds of hicern and Guinea grass 7 were sent .to the East Indies; where they have . been_productive of the moat ill ant consequences. The culture of potatoes, aho, •wile Grit extendeet to 'the Exit, under the auspices of this Board. To promote the advantage of the %Vest India Colonies, several seeds were procured in the Esit, and sent to the West'• jndies, where they are likely to produce tniich benefit. There being every reason also to hope that sugar might be advarrtageouily empleyed in feeding live stock, premiums have been offered by the Board for ascertaining the valueiand effeceof sugar, ippled for that purpose, end fur discovering any admixture, that will prevent sugar, intended to be applied in feeding stock, froth being fraudu lently employed for common ptirpuses.. CATTLE. It h of infinite inipo — rbam-e to ascertain the feed ing qualities of the different breeds - of cattle, re specting which no 'occur:de costrparativ aitOri mcios have hitherto been made. The expedse wonkl be so considerahle, that it ettuld not be un dertaken by the limited fonds which the Board are possessed-ofj but the object teas so material, that the Board resolved to otter ti predlittin of too gui neas, to promote so important an experiineot ; and various less stuns have been voted for the same object, by several public-spirited agricultural *mi tt:es, whe are anxious to promote any useful oh- • 1: • jest, which the Board has resolved to patronise. Fortunately also, a very respectable Member of this Board, (Mr.- - Cairwan, Member for Carlisle), had declared his intention, of becoming a candidate for tie premium in question. Of his impartiality, judgment, audaeil, in the cause, them can be but • one opinion. MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES. It is difficult to enumerate the variety of other 'objects, to 's hid) the attention of the board has been directed, in the course of the present session.. Evperiineutssare trying, from plants transmitted by • Lord ItedesSale, with the fionn grass of Ireland, so strongly • ecommentled in a valuable es-av, coin inunirated by Dr. Richardson. An anis-nig - cot practical riper on the use of gypsum,us a manure, has been insertod in the volunieof communications, with a view of layisig a foundation for ascertaining the *Armitage of using it in this countrk, and the soils and situations to which it is applicable.. In the same volume wilt be found the plan of a house, calculated fur the residence of a cquittry gentleman orinoaerate fortune, iii which economy add con venieiice are equally coasulted. Measures here 'been taken to recommend a mode of recorenng corn damaged by bilge water, which cannot be effectually cured by any practice formerly known, and by meant of which it is supposed that consi derable quantities of grain may he rendered 6t for . use, which otherwise must have been thrown away. Vurious premiums have been given for irrigation, embankment's, and other useful improvements in various pins of the kingdom. Au Important fact has also. been ascertained, regarding the feeding of horses is ith tare.. awl which is applicable to green food in general. It is well known, that where the ground is tired of clover, tares are the best sub stitute : indeed, in the opinion of Mr. Arthur Young, th . ey are us useful as clover for feeding stock, and may be advantageously succeeded by crop of wheat, if the ground is merely scarified after the tares, amid not ploughed, which woold make it too loose for that crop. It has been ob iected to tares, that they weadd not answer if horses were very hard worked; or employed in posting; Sir. Wood, of !agate-stone, in Essex, however, has, for many years, soiled all his post horses upon t•irt-1., with no other precaution than that of keep ing them limn water. This fornishes a most va luable hint to owners of post horses, when bay is scarce or dear, and it points out the advantage of giving little water with green fowl of any 4e heription.. . LECTURES. In the course of this Session, several lectures on most intirresting subjects have been delivered to the Members of the Board, which must be too fresh in the memory of the gentlemen here present to render it necessary for me to dwell upon them. It may be proper, however, to observe, that these lectures are not intended solely for this Members of the Board; but that as soon as they are matured, the- are to be printed for the information of the public, arid the attention of those intelligent Gen tlemen, by whom they were delivered, directed to other objets. As little time as possible, I hope, will he lost in printing these valuable produc tions; fur the curiosity of the public will naturally he strongly emoted to read the sentiments of Mr. Y9ung on tillage and farm-curds ; and of Mr. 11 enter oa the construction of implements of hus bandry ; and to bow how the splendid discoveries of a Davy can be applied to agricolture. CODE OF AGRICVLTVRE. The greatobjectof all the inquiries carried on by the Board of Agriculture, is with a view of combining the result of the whole into one w 'lend rode, for the purpose of rendering a general knowkdge of the principles of husbandry more ea,ibly accessible. The importance of such an un dertaking need hardly be dwelt upon, not only in regard to agriculture, but also as furnishing an ex ample of the practicability of condensing huiniin knowledge, reputing other branches of art and science. Such a work could net he drawn up, until foundation was laid, by a currful examination of the agricultural practices of every district iu the kingdom. As soon as that work L accomplished, the code of agriculture will be carried on with energy ; a speciineu of which ham-been printed and circulated by the Board, on tar subject of inclo sures. It is proir . used, whyipthe work is under taken, to give distinct headt er chapters to tho e individuals who ire the Mist toriversaut in each departmentof husbantlq. This great undeit.fitiog will, I toast, be surictions4 by the peculiar appro bation; bath of the Lriiisiature, and of the Go vernment of the couutry, as likuly to promote, in a high degree, the must important national improve ments, iMIPORTA\CE OF AORICULTUR4L PVRSVITS. No country, 'eau have stronger inducements to attend to its agricultural interests, than Great Bri tain, at the present moment. Secluded from so large a propertion of the globe, and its commerce crampt in eveoy direction, it must in a great mea sure rely on its own internal resourees for its 82. curity and strength.. Fortunately, in these re sources, it has a mine of wealth which cannot be exhausted., We have only to pay the &mei:nary attention to the improvement of our own soil, and we may despise the efforts of our enemies, however nurilersitis or powerful. We are told. indeed, that frOin the state of our foreign relations, and the consequent probe hility that our usual supply of grain from foreign countrie..• may fail us, that mea sures of precaution are necessary, which may even tually ward ott' so great an evil as a scarcity of pro visions." But the best precaution is, to extend our agriculture, to increase the productions of our soil, to ameliorate the mode of its cultivation, and to remove every obstacle hostile to its improvement. By these means, judiciously applied, instead of im porting from 'au couotnes, we might so o n again become au exporting country ; and the com merce of grain, instead of being the means of ins poverishtuent, would become a source of wealth. COICLUSION. Before concluding this Address, I cannot deny myself the pleasure of presentiag to the i ßasircl the proof of en frigraving, executed from the Bust of that distingunihtsi pemonage, (the fate Duke of Bedford), who, whilst he was dice, took so worm an interest in all our proceedings. Au engraving from that Bost cannot fail to be ac ceptiblc to .every true friend to rural improve meet; and inked I hope that the Board will ap prove of the idea, that a certain number of collies •'call be placed at the disposal of the Noiat,• !;•te by whom that Wait was presented, and thaat eseay Member of the Board, and indeed every iudisalu..l distinguished by his zeal for, and devotion' to, ugra. cultural pursuits; shall receive a copy, us a me „,_ rial of. character so illustrious-in various respect; but peculiarly distinguished for hisaletermiced at tachment, to the cause of husbandry. la the memorable. words made use cf by Mr. fox, wh en he moved a new writ for Tavistock, c „ t ,i_ bide to the welfare of his felloa-citizens sus the constant uuranitted pursuit of hi. life ; and iv him exa iu and his * beneficence, to reader theta better, wiser, and happier." How few are there who have any just clams to a similar rulogiuni ! 1 shall conclude with expressing thy sincere hopes and wishes, that we shall meet next Sessio n in health and spirits, and as anxious as ever to pro mote- the .improvement and prosperity of the {vital.- try. 11.41:1L INTELLIGANCE. POILT4StOtag, JULY 14. Arrived the Revenge, of 74. gaits, Sir John t, r re, with two Spanish Othcets of distinction, from diz. She left Lord Collihprood on the lyth ult. and dots not hang any news of the Patriots that was not before knewn. The hatred to the French is deep and universal. General Castaiusi commands the Patriots, who have marched to intercept Dn. pont's division. The Revenge hue been off Cadiz eighteen months, and only tee:ldays in pert. Also arrived the' Virago and Harlequin, with s convoy from the Downs. Sailed His Majesty's ship Goshawk, with the R e . gcrd transport , having on board stores, for the coast of Spain, to join convey at l'lyrnouth.—,Wind S.E. PLYII4OUII% JU LY L Came in the Busy, Bell, from Madeira. e • The latelligeat ,uu-brig, which sailed yesterday, put back, from the wind being a-head, and this day sailed again, with the Swallow, Rebuff, and Encounter, with fifteen sail of transports, having es boar.l 3uUO Spauiards for the Coast of Spain. Soiled also His Majesty's ship I lero, of 74 guns, Captain Newman, los the Channel fleet.—Wind N.N.W. DOVER. JULY 14. The Challenger gun-prig has sent in here a French Loden with pipe clay, from St. Vs . lery, fur Calais; her crew ran her on shore, but she was got off by the boats of the - C'hallrager, the face of two batterica, which opened a twist tre mendous tire upon them, which was heard here. and was so heavy and long continued, us to give rare to au opiiiion that it war on some rejoicing t__ SIAL, JOLT 14. Sailed the Paseura on a crniqe.—Wind THE MARKETS. I:XDR I IiGE. Corn-lasperlor'• Iteturn.—TuualrosT, JUL? U. Wheat, prr 'wait lift lug is 111. JOS. Earley, per quarter 4 Ss. —d its oats 476. —d. to 325. —4. Old flew.' • tios. —d. to Its. , E HOPS. 0.405 Kest al. 10e. to 41. us. Kest, 31. sell. to $l. 34, Summer, I. Ss.. to 41. 45. Sileeent, 31: 10e. to 41. lA. Essex, 31. rs. to al. 45. faradiael, - , - 1. --a foal. to.- 'kitty laid at isiaocol. PRICE . , NEIVGATE AND LEADENHALL MARKETS. (By late Circuit.) Bac( 3.1. 811. 10 444 lid. I Vent MI. Rd. hi Mutton as. 061. to IL id. Pork 4l ad. to 54. ad. Lando - as. od. 6s. ttd. PRICIS Or ILLY AND STEAM,' TrAtEkDAY. IT JANES'S. 'WHtiI<c AAPCA Hey, 31. —a. tu• 71—e. Hay • it& Yea. is 71. W. Straw, LI. id. to Vi. 94. Nam,• • N. is. le 6I: Es. Chivvy, Os Ws. is SI. Is. Straw,,, ILISs. to al. as. 1.1 ),1L•311A RIC ET, J OEY it. • ' Ahih at Market. load.. Prke. 30.. N es.. Castfr l7 ...„. 431. 64.1 a 522- i 4. S ..Swolleriancr • •• • • 441. 4d. a ass, od. I ..Stun Coal.: ' I .... 7"1. od. a --a. ad. I ..Citriere l . • .: ... —4l. od: 3 —...1. Cd. 1 .. Yorkshire Coal ~ • •.... —s. cd. a —a. ad. PIIICk: OF STOCNII YESTERLI*V. I per Cent. IL:dared .. ti per Cent. Cum* 4 per Coal. 3 per Cant. Nney Lung Annaiters ' Imper.ill 3 prr Cent. ..., . I 4 9' § Osumsom .4.1 a ludic Dumas .. . 4 5 psis. Exch.q.,e r Gine F.nylesis I.utt.r 'nelsons .. Consols AM T. BISH, gluek-lookrr, 4, Corubill, sad 9,_ aeskti4-Cross. COURSE OF EXI Amsterdam.— . JC , 7 II U. Date •t Siclat .. 33 I I ; :HANGE, J st Or IS. Vewice. Naplce . ♦i Lisbon 62 0 pm-to 67 Dublin II Cork... .. . r i 2 U. iimarami Oa— 35 5 tit/. 3 6 eilJ. Paris itley's sista 21 id Ditto 24 U. Bouriksua 84 *aria — in p.pet. Ditto 42 'di et. 001.1.10 K. Po n d h a k si C . a rt nd uirl isr ( s i4.i p New Douldovns., New Dollars... 5 4 Silver in Bars.. Ntw Louis Agio of tLe BRA of liClsti4. :•1 per Cent. Palermo — Ditto • Hilime 4l 1 Legflum 4,9 am An Tumidity, ha Hest _ of Clamant: 1, of a *Laughter Ou TuciJav, Ka her fatten's house, Dreeldonbery, Hefts, ale Laity of he 114 V. William _beat, of & alsaghtfer. i, Nay-fair. thP Cowden MAL:RIM:E. Oa Tuesday, M St. Pancras, William Sirterclatia, Captain to Ills 11a;,..ety's sth Carr:atm Cavallo'', to Inns Deer, niece in James Moors, Esq. of Posey. erred. DEA'III3. Irrterdav morohog, Mr. A Mormon Snap!so, Later of t►a Ifi.u:sor Corposatiou, sod stove rnaaon to NA M Mrs Corley, wife wi Mr. Gorky, of t►e Star and Garter lea, Wingtonr. HIGH WATER., THIN DAY.. AT LormoN.Bniupcat. 3!Or aal .. iui& ake ..7 I Even S LtINIX),I: Priutetl 11 C. D :VIDSON, Din 114 O 4 Newell-coon, (lon-Menet, neat puhluthed nt the Office, Ntt. t.s, Hark of Sit ( kno-. aunt', Ste anti, by J. WHITE, of mate place.---t)r.ters, t.r fr this Pttper. teat to the ()dire, (poet paid:, will :ye duly :,ttetwtell to. ^r z ,;.... re mist moo Ti ley: I t a Cain! To v. Col It Mrs Tu. I,ln. rao lriver, l'untA Nadal la Pa at Pa at Cs Era% iquri 3Luk4 31. ICI SUM M este Vein Enure OR,( Mrs.,( Jigs to log Photo Übe, AL Da 11 nc Wee w *Aid, la,e see ' THU! dr. • R. IoNS MI ft if °Pm (if it ms *aid 46141 J.* 711 e e• Np set 6e as ike wow r ?Aleut phial c h 41.1 .1 ober a troy *cam' branch is ti. 1 C ts. I 71i Monty r~ W