The Statesman. — London, England, 1810-11-15 00:00:00

. Pei N4s il .P.l PE RS. SITTINHO Of► THE EMIT V.S. OCTOBER 4. A platy from General. Vu llaba was presented, ,re specting the augmentation and other regutaticins of the cavalry, which wits reserved tu be finally dia. cooed. • CAPMANT observed, that the Spanish language tieing Very copious, all foreign expressions ought to tic rejected, especially French expressions, with* which the regulations were overloaded : he con demned, L'tereforei the use of the words' nsurcl4, motion, assembls, session, tnission,'retire, glut. tantee, hemourable, and bur A he objected .to beam ON account of their real import, and to others on account of the awaiting which nas attached to.them. 46 Gentlemen," he concluded, " We must both live • and die Spattier&." Nutty - MRXIA ascended the tribune, and corn.. plained dare infidelity of the Conciso, in its man. uer of printing the deliberations of that Congress, . and the little respect sheen in the said paper to its Members: • Trmarrais demanded that their debates) should . only be on war, and the means of exterminating their enemies. -The PIIESIONWT replied, that this was meet the great objerb of their labours, and an end which would only be obtained through the regular means. A hleiober proposed the rmuling•of some police regulation, which should hive the hir of ad order from the Corte', order that otter being 'tom. . pared with the former one s the best might be lire. fined. The President ordered .the public to withdraw at wo4n, and the sitting continued until half after four o'clock. OCTOBER 5. Matto proposed certain regulations respecting the Royal Bank notes, in order to distinguish those circulated in .the free provinces from the others ; but they came to no resolution. CArst.twit complained, likewise, of the inaccu racy of the -Cenciso, and of its want el fespect to wards the National Deputies. On this account the propriety was suggested by Perez de Castro, of ad. twitting a periodical publication, ptoposed by Oti veros, and edited by an officer of the military col. lege, applying the products to the benefit of thit useful establishment; which judicious proposal wa approved. Oi.ivenos recommended the translation of the Cortes to Cadiz, pointing out the church• of St. Philip as a very eligible spot ; V i n this import ant motion nothing was finally s The regulations were again eitamined, on which they'debated upwards of two haters. Thelcaluus GONZAMIS exclaimed, "'Let is' debate only on 4 war and on justice." • At the•conclusion it was settled, that -extraotdi." nary sittings should be held from 8 to 10 at nigh4' to - be wholly occupied in the wished-for regulations. °tattoos mentioned his being infOrnied . from Catlin, that the ExeCutive Government had, issued, orders prohibiting any discussions on the Cortes at any public meeting. The Cortes passed a resolution to makelnqi leies tcsiiectfog this subject of the Regency. • OCTOBLIt.6. . The sitting began with a petition from the Card', Dal to be allowed to take the oath; and after some deliberations, on account of pt..coliar dream. stances, it was accorded. It was rcsolvbi to intimate to the Regency, the wishes of the Cortes, that their acts should be ro gularly .published in a Gazette. OCTOBER 7. _ • • _ The Cnunt of -ifotosiTtCsked permission to *peek, and his object being investigated by two De rifles, it was resolved to hear him in private at one o'clock, p. sn. AlexiA proposed some commercial regulations to be committed to a Junta, in which two Member. from that of Cadiz, and an equal number of Ante. ricans, should be incorporated. . The Congress granted a commission to this effect, comprising also agriculture, arts, and sciences, but omitted the circumstance of the propuXal. FLERRETA complained of the violation of secrecy observed respecting the letters which were opened at the Post-office., Ile ettLa exclaimed against this proceeding,'and• maintained this to be the worst period to adopt such a measure, when the provinces must necessa. illy to amunicate subjects. of importance to their deputies, which it was highly proper should be kept front the Executive; Power. The public retired at one, and the debates were privately coatittued till tuur o'clock. OCTOBER 8. • OD this.day several memorials were read Tespicl. lag Titita‘tB branches of the revenue; and a prorect presented •by Arguelles, respecting the %beet; ,of the Oen; being - the fruit id the labours of the eommissiort'vhitrged wiih the same. Nothing 'llo:initiate. decided, but the nation way flatter itself, because the opinion of all illus. trawls nen will he heard. . It is` ndeed a reflection op the .I !! 'man mind, that there should be any one' daring. 'poises to . write against the liberty of the ,press : Wiwi) an iudivi. anal only it ought notTtii Ist' free.. • Th e anatio. (rout the Exectli r ive Power to the question *pitipostil by the Corteti,. reepeeting the order mentioned by 01110g0 f l . is ikk . 5111 day's ,Isfrreati. ' • lice Regency has never"forbiMen:any discoision oa the - Cortes, 'and the only thing it may charge its sgentsand ministers with ; is to watch over their ca. kinniaters. . • • • • OCIVIKR g. • ' The Cardinal 4o 'Bourbon took the oath, saki which the . Paestntrr • addressed him in the follow. big terms The blond' which liews through your. veins, 8R well as that 04)14 teettesetsindi you to this Asierritil7." • ' • A Secretary-board, consisting of five members, was instituted, fur which employmeet officers of the army, who are unable to undergo the fatigue. of atampaign; are to be preferred. Three Drpn. tics were also named to investigate and report the iplcrits of the candidates. '1 he PRESIDEsT mentioned his having received se• feral anonymous Cummunications, cceoplaining of *h e &Asko htt the Operative? tti the Comp., tie : • . I P. . STAniVAR ordered- the public - to witbdtia st twelve se4lkiki. gotta acing wii eOhtlini:ll until tiiiee. i • • OCTOBER 10. A-Deputy for La Malachi took the oaths in the . usual form. • - - Panaz.on CASTIO. made mention of a plan both defei . ;sive and -oftensive for this Isle, presented by General Gallatin; and of another with regard - tiO the cavalry, by the Miliqlll4 del Palacio : brith were. gent to the Commission of War to be examined.-- . That) was also read a circular letter from Senor [Aureate, Inspector Geneal of the Public Health, with regard to its present state. It declared that , the number of sick persons was very smaw; and in order to calm the fears to which several in. founded reports hall•given*rke, it added, the onto. her of infectious disorders was unusually small. • • OCTOBER 13. VP LI VllllOl l one of the -most zealous members of the august Congress, and Deputy for Extremadura, read a memorial, in which be painted, in the must lively colours; the disorders in which rho French leave those disiricis which they abandon, the num. berless evils which their commissaries have caNsed by their requisitions of •toeu and provisions, the was+e of all resources, and the miseries, in particular, of the cultivators of the ground, by having to support the enemy's armies and their uwn ; the decline of the. manufactures of common cloths, in conse quenee of the manufactories being stripped of them without . paymput, in ostler to clothe the different armies . ;--thu consequence of all .which would be poverty, nakedness, .and a general famine, if pro per measures were uskadopted. He then proposed such measures as appeared to him to be peeper, for the purpose of being transmitted to the respective Cummi.ssiuners of War, Finance, Ste. 4 concluding with proposing the appointment of a commission fur reguletiug and organizing the,provinees, which fright guard ag ainst evils such jis those which they had already sufreree, and repair them in the best possible manner. Considering these. matter,' as uri. gent, ami calling for precedency before others—.the Coates passed a decree to this effect. . .9.CTOI3EIt 11. • • Inl = ns former Sitting AWISLIAII had produced the plan of a law ou the libeeif of the press, which Comprised, first„ the limits of that liberty, and the penalties for•teausgressers.; and secondly, the ap. poiutment of a Junta of learned men, Kith the title of .:Suiiremc.Couneil Protector of the Liberta of Me Press,. in order to protect it Irons ministerial despotism, and from tyranny. It was agreed that this plan should he printed, end copies distributed among all the Deputies, in order that they might consider the subject maturely, and he prepared to discuss it. This • day, the plan being again read, TEN. ;11E1 RO opposed it, alleging, that it was not right to discuss such an important topic without the con. .currulace Of the Deputies who were still wanting. What! (replied another Member) without their presence the Cortes were installed ; without their presence, the Spanish people recovered their sove reignty, an event which will form an era in our annals; and is it possible, that fur an affair not of such importance, we are to wait fur a few Depu ties , 66 Butthe discussiom of it was not fixed for to.day:"—" It was," replied various individuals. This was confirmed by the President. " We do not come prepared," replied another; upon which Liman ascended the tribune, and the plan was read. • Teo este° rose again: he declaimed against the liberty of the press, and represented it as the ori.• gin of the ruin of empires. (Ile would nut, how. ' ever, permit biassel ( to see that this liberty sup. I porta BMWs. Empire.) Some disapprobation ' was expressed, but.Teinceiro continued to go on, till at last the disapprobation became more mat k,ed. A Ile u er.tes then ascended the tribune. Ile she wed that the want of a free communication of ideas had eiven . arms to the Tyrant for our destruction ; that e' the English, aware of the cunning arts of those I who meant to oppress them, gave freedom to the pen and liberty to the press; they disentangled and established their principles ; they unveiled the plots of their enemies, and refuted their sophisms; the 1 people were instructed, and not left exposed to illusion : by such means they were all united, and iendered themselves invincible. The reverse had. been the fate of the Spaniards ; deprived of its free iourse, knowledge became stagnant, the learned re. /mined dumb, the ignorant were imposed upon ; hence divisions, 'disunion/ the ruin of the nation, and exaltation of the enemy. • Mena. succeeded, and with exquisite erudpion and animated eloquence proved, that the sacred writings, our venerable religion, history, and reason' favoured the liberty of the press. It was resolved that the discussion should be con. tinned on the following day. To.day, at 10 in the merging, the troops took the , oath to the Cortes in the field at Torrealto, in pre seam of General Lspena. The concoivse of pro. ple, was innumerable, the spectacle very fine, and the enthusiasm of all, both soldiers and peasants,' was ocroßrrt 16. There w* read a Decree of the Cartes passed yesterdiyip on she claims of the Americans ; in which it was declared, That the Spanish dominions irtboth hemispheres form one 'sole monarchy, one mile tuition, one' sole family ; and that the native - born subjects of the European and Ultramarine do. minions are equal ie rights to those of this Perin. sula ; leavin : ; it as the province of the Cortes to discuss all measures retatieg.to the. prosperity of .those beyond sea, as well as of the forth of the na. thinel representation and number of its members in both hemispheres ; declaring also that, in all those transatlantic provinces where any cominotions have taken place, there shill bus general - act of oblivion with regard to them, from 'the moment when theta. vereign authority which residesin the mother coda. try is acknowledged. 7•• • • ...) • I • • •QCTOIIEtt A letter was read,,io. "high. the Junta of Estre. medulla felicitaled that:tortes / •&c. Various projectsasod memorial; were transmitted to the respeetivecommissitoesi• • -, The discussiou.uposs, thu liberty-of the Pressfol. towed. . • Senor riARcIA HERRERO!). was for liberty of the in c ise withuut :any censorship, in it:dial:on of the SupremeTribe:tal i .whielt never took upon hien to censure any buuk befoa,it was plated. • * __ - • 'Senor 'gala read an -edict! .fr l ank the reaee74; Which illenfiOriaid,..” Oat llonaparto had decreed, 46 that there should be only olio newspapers of • 44 -which ihe Prefect was to be censor.' 0 lie added, that thriCortes ought not to wish to resemble Bona: Perk. Senor AuoueLLAs pronounced an eulogium on. the discourse of Munoz 'f orrero, in a former discus lion on this sibject, . and refuted that of Llaneras.. lie observed, that the best mode of correcting man was the liberty , of the press ; and uuticed, that during the ministry of Goduy, when there were censors, altars were raised to lasciviousness, dm. lie defied any one to say,that three age , of disorders arising from the liberty of the press could produce such great evils as those we have suffered (ruin Vie want of it. i 14LANenas spoke against it, observing, that it was not the only road by which a nation reached ins tinction, nor the only means of . knowing the pub lic. opinion. Cor.riN was fur the liberty of the press, because he thoight it just, useful, and necessary. lfe corn. bated the opinion of Lianeras, observing, that since the art of printing more yebbeity had been given to our religion.' • 'Another deputy also spoie in favour of it, ob. • serving,' that till were agrecd.in sUbstance. V.ti.c.t nem, who ifici iiipPortad this liberty, was for witting it to the vote; 6 ! whbthur the quo , Lion had been sufficiently dhicarsaed ?" The discussion, however, . was continued; and Cams recd a' plan, in , which he proposed that the Cortes should permit political works to be printed without a emsor ; and at auy rate, if there was a et:mew, that submission to him should be voluntary on the part of the author. Tcvnrttio said, that it could not betlouhted that this liberty produced illumine/4)n ;• but-that also by means of it were introduced . ; thousand efr6n. ilvAu,nght that it would be prop'ir tosisenstilt the l Universities,. the Bishops, and the Holy ifyiboesal,' who so much abhorred the French: •Ttoist • cia and Catalonia this liberty would nbt be well re. ceived ; that of the 10 millions of inhabitants in Spain, not more than 1011,000 were • for it ; and that thus a bad opinion would be 'formed of the Cortes. lie insisted that errors were introduced like poison, and that the philosophers had filled the world with darkness; that the truly wise were few in number, and had been suffocated by the former; that Spain had arrived at the height of its glory without the liberty of the press ; and without it, also, had raised its voice against the oppressor. lie repeated what the clergy of France had • told their King :--that this fatal liberty had introduced into England an Wildly of sects, which filled the island and the throne with horrors, and which would one day destroy thvconstitution of which , it boasted, as that of France was lust ; that it was much better to be rude and goini, than knowing and bad, like the French ; that the Executive Power always had the greatest influence upon the press, even though it was free, sn that the press and its li. berty would be as the Government. httixoz - TORnRO observed, that the Eoglish held it as a fundamantal principle : and a declared right of the nation, to witch over thements whom it ap. pointed ; that this right was exercised through the press, in such a way, that - %vitals dpnti in Parlia. meat being published, the .most 'obscureindividual mild speak what he thought, and 'enlightbried at thirsama time the Parliament and the nation.Wouki to .06.1' it had never been said from the pulpits, :that the Deity had inspired Charles the IV. to preen punter in the hands of Godoy, when he gave him the Admiralty, ind' when the liberty 'tit the pivot existed only for such assertions. lie did-not . speak of learned men only,. but Of the whole nation, who bad a right lii declare their opinions. This Was . not a• theory without practice, • but what was al. ready established by. the entistitetion of, England. It was the grossest' error to say,, that the nation had not the right to*declare its opinions,. and yet that its deputies possesed that right; . that when Fetch., nand arrived; he would possess more force than the Executive Power ; and then, if there was ho public opinion c nortlie Means ef es tablishing it, he might dc. stroy, when' he 'chose, the Cortes of the nat. tion, as Godoy, had dune, because there Was no public' opinion, nor the means of freely es tablishing it. lie she*ed, that the French Bishops did nut perform their duties ; and among other proofs, he mentioned that of seventy of them being present at an entertainment given by the. Conde de Aranda. The best and strongest . ; bulwark against vice was the moral and religious. education of the citizens. Ile distinguished the civil and religides toleration of the English, from thai liberty of the iiress which be wished to establish. ' The wise alone did 'not go to form the public opi nion, but the whole of the citizens. These ideas were general in Salamanca, Madrid, Badajuz, and 'ln numerous other places. Were Mentes observed, that in Galicia the measure would be' received with pleasure.) Torrero concluded, observing, that the army were in favour of the liberty of Cie press ; adding, that he had not &dined his opinions from the rights of man, but from p r incipl e s width he had weighed. ARe uELLES said, that even supposing the opinion of Galicia was against the liberty of the press, and ' though the Cortes should be deceived in supposing that the general copiniln was forit, yet it was ludis.. !reusable to allow tt ; for by itniotiescould the gene. rah opinion be ascertained. Welles obs":ved, that this was an affair of conscience, and ought to he decided by theologians and the holy fathers; that theQuiancii.of 'Trent, its its 18th and 19!h sessions, pronounced against the liberty of printing even books which treated of politics and the fine arts ; that the Council of La teran prohibited every kind of books - *Ultima a previo.ss revisal ; that thoGertes unlit nut:to is. sue a (let:tar:l66n cuilltarylo so .inauY pioul i regu. Nam's, MO/tALE3 replied; that thr • Bull quoted by Mor. •tog ouly spukO of tbo books of heretics• kuuw n to be ifich. OLlvcaus 01)s:4 - red, that the fathers In the brat ages of the Ch . tirdi cried utlt ,fur the liberty ot writing, for printing w4A then unknown.; ,tbr gre e liekt persecution of the 'Ali e n+ pal in tki) time , cif 'Julio who -proitiltilit4 their .• s W; --~•~* - GAZETTF;O"F CADIZ, ocr. ' - ' 4 6 The relation which the enemy harr publis of the action of Glum el 6,4110, is a tissue off hoods. - : se. The Duke of Dshottia has not hesitated to sure thy people of &Ville, that iii the sh e ,: 000 2000 prisoners, nd 10 pieces of ca tmon takesi......laust egregiou a s lies. as It is, !liontstless, very s t range that a Gen 'eau ninth-credit as this Marshal (at least it ,may tolieve tile praises b e st owe d en Mtn by, NE 4 00/ 9„ phoul4 in this manner forfeit his Inmos t ( s hi a . word by daring to publish such absutdiii whfr.h . aispear to be such even by the eircur nstl . l of their wanting dates. This treacherous soil famous proceedin e ats only ise attrib u t e d .desire which all ta g e French hav e to d eceive the s with th e e z i tca m or c d: l n4ry ii .and rethrtaiinticbuchhiitiel, 'ac tls uis c uh i n r tfilP f t: O nlyu ri F vt i s e frivolity induces then, to believe that th can deceive the Spa siards in the sa:ne ma n ner they deceive each ether. 44 But let , these Orders of the Day, these 13, Wins Of. their Armies, be compared w i t h t of6cial correspondence which' we continually eh cept ; and the French tit emtelwess the Dake Dalmatia himself, mast eitpress themselves i n le different terms, god orianiortfosty 'lmre the tinythat the roar in - Spain is interminabl e .), TARRAGONA, SM. 1110 ,, -Robera and Clat have t e red •t he Frottch.territory, exacted euntrib lions in several place, and taken the muskets fro the national guard. In other respects th e i r diets preserved the most exact discipline. As Major Cr.owEs, of the SJ, or Kingl a O tt Dragoons, was returning to Ripley ) hunt Gil& ford, yeßteidsy sennigirt, owing to the ewe" ' 'darkness of the night, his gig: was overturn e d, h. which accident his kg was muter 77 1 servant escaped unhurt • • —.• .• Atnigig the many surprising events in dwel l well es.staie politics that have occurred within. last twenty years, very far have been mer e st /R o t than the circumstance of the id-decant Abbe Moat, that fierce and formidable advocate fur the fhb* of Bourbon, new obtaining the appointweni,i; the mortal enemy of that- very House, if the ea, rated situation of Archbishop of 'Paris: Daring ; the isior:n -Saturday, 'four anfiaislai housed in Sidmoutb.sticet were blown dawn. The following is an extract 'from a Leiter is Town:.—:" , Saturday night the coach from Ul m to Exeter, in going through Alpingtoo, din*. being • very high, 'the horses, four in umuldr, out of their depth, and all perished, as talk six passengers." • The Freeman's Journal, of 'Saiardsy last, ea. tains :he following :•-•;- 44 Yesterday, Eart LEY attended at the Police.olfice hi Doke.strec4 and complained that a false report had been circa. Tate(' that his Lordship had been concerned in cam. ing the late disappearance of young Earl Ast. NESLEY. Mr. Joaam and Tuemas Lars also at. tended to sustain his Lordship's complaint, and the parties accused are ordered to- attend ou Monday next." , SPARRING.—One of the exhibitions of spar* took place in the Fives' Chart, -on Tuesday, In the benefit of Richman and Alolisieaux, before a numerous astern bi jge of amateur's. The attraction, were Molineaux and Mil, who never before spar. red in public. The odds' raised in' favo'ur of Crib, after Alolineaux sparred With f ound Bekher sad Never Although Motineau oksi but little se. mice in As pugilistic art, yet hale dt courageous strong man, who . bores in, and drYll4 - and Mn onlyhe dc. Died by a bit drawn. Powers closed upon him is sparri.ig, and he . lifted'. tiVtit aplike a babe and threw him.. This etched 'souse confusion, ht there - conid be s tirs , blithsi ittlacfrttli to ilfolineass.— . 11611,.-whd‘bilttkeribitfiV4iy; ova great eve. tiOns if beermaing'fotmilfable ob titillating Willi sparring with &Amon. 10#it bifcd,_ but -the 'best settei Vag defeat' • - atlrt bur*. ' • e I .V(P:1 ‘. BMPIUS. . • ! • • 1 ' On the IStfiinst. :it Nahnrii, near Yprk, the Lady of Gome l Palmer, Esq. of a sun and heir. - C/a tho bib inct. the Hun. ,11rs. J. Pokser, of 6001 1 11 44 Will, bi e Leicestrire, o f a d aug h ter. .__ ... - 111 A RAI ED. • At AlderleY,'in Ciltioccsterskire, the Rev. Barja Prebendary of Salisbury, to Miu Rlizabetis' Dlneata, daughter of the late John.liall, l'Aq. • Thursday last, by speeinl licence, at Moldy, far E. Winnington, Bart. of Stafford Court, M. P. tp daughter of J. Taylor, Esq. of filosely Hall, Y Worcester. On the Bth in t. at Bishopsgate Church, M. A. Gonna Eq. of New Broad-street, to CatWn•ie, youngestdarghttn of 11r' Chace, Esq. of Sanborn', meaty of Warwick.. • • • UlE1). Ors Monday Ist, tbe lifiesthia if J. H. 'riketi house in Deynashire-place. On Saturday mornine, at his house in Camden Tairlf,llo.% I Renshaw, jun. in the Shtli year of. his age. •• i The same slay, At . Upper flonseriun, Mn. Le ...."•altsli do w of the late Aldermatae Alesurier. On Mondav, in her 84th yearr Mn. Dellatquisurt Phillimore-pl tee, Kensinettss• PRICK. OF Srilt../16 Y ESTHROAY. .7 Bank Stock Omahas' • S per Cent. Red. 651 if 1 Grua Stock Cols.lper Cent. Co. 661 i 7 61 . India Bt idl ?6 27 pr. si per Cent. 82}ih . Exeu. Mitts 9113 6 pre 5 per Cutn..Nary 100411 Cons. for Ace.66l ell • Long Ann.l7i 13-16 _..4i nit I NG'S . 'NT' • W Olt* LOZ esG i _tN , Worms are the most frequent share Sit of eases. Their symptoms every Parent or Giardina es.s."'' dren should be acquainted with. They otras(ttriltas X tile, a pairuess of the colnur of the face. entreaties Kuhr state of the Bowel:, attended after with violent eV tbey tiring on eonvhisioeb ; they affect the growth id' as 1 mist thi.y prove fatal, by ending in a comdmrition or ON' lidth as a prevetnive and rare of these aluratidg coraptalt Ate above excellent Medicine •is univenally aflOwe i d, intilaonY of the highest charac?ers in this coaalvy•bolh inrehe and respectability to have no equal. liseir public APP I 7 . tion, gavots to the Proprietor, from a envoi! i t howleilfeo • woodi•rful success in their own ramifies, 'maim its ale.fil l t void competition. and gives a sanctimi to ir, Metiichte of the kind can boast. • e odd Bareots others, alio have' the care of Children thou have this Itemedf, as a flintily Medicine, to resort to, alteorve the Stomach or . linwels of Chilimit are any way diverder 6 which it always he in relieve. Sia Sold Wholesale and Retail, at Ching and of which and ~ Dv Cheap:iite. corner of Patenioster-rotr, Entilont sold i' ll k;', ol freer man, Enter ; Cook w ort hy anJ He viand; Piyantaill& o. and 1.1 o) d, Birmilighain; S nitb, ManaPr't HlY : ; " 111 1 • ,. v i sad Edinburgh.; Billinge and •Gregvon. Livrriaw n Stable+, Alanctiester; /linos aiut ,cruttirett, Bath; n "ri 6l ° l Gernory, ; Peek anti Ron. fin!, f:3" most Medicine Vgridrrs, in Rove/. at 2..• 9d. and 111:' • , • . , F •Tralist hOION tairillex•it Of iitc, P;lol4!rtet• T 10IS No ' • 1 1 731 11 X l,l 11 1 h(1,1 $ 1 II -... 011'4 1 .1' WO •COTI ' , D I ) ‘e6 Is. L o we! 04 Pri w oman, • vial), J victim' Lii,c IR. rt c Lao sec,. the al ra ID II amis. Oval et Oni 0:1111 fi ! o r itto - - , 00 b p 0 Lion i ether y and FA Q, lOUSEi icb du tua wst ; 'WaK poutily ef eel dial p; Mate :x:tioa '.sdlj flll f Iv. 1' .'W;;; 1 . 01 sv to tool, r r ay polit a. 1 r tork il - N' the ,'1 i.) n v, )S1