The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1825-07-19 00:00:00

less or disturbance to the Church than of ilutnination anal ei lilicasion. Nor do 1 see how the Church can be more Jiaturbid by the investigation of ttnth, titan were the teeotilmi by the firot promulgation of the gospel; since so far from recommending or imposing any thing on my own "obesity. it is my particular ailaice that every cnc should s uspend his opinion on whatever points he may not feel himecif fnlly satisfied, till the evidence of Scripture pre yed, and persuade his reason into Latent and faith. Con gealment is not my object ; it is to the learned that 1 ad ae.ae n,yself, or it it be tought that the learned are not the best umpires and judges of su h things, I shou'd at' feast wish to submit my opinions to men of a mature and mealy understanding, poescosing a thorouith knowledge of the doctrines of the gospel ; on whose judgments 1 should rely with far more confidence than on those of novices In these matters. And whereas the greater part of those who have Written most largely on these subjects have been wont to till whole pages with explanations of their own opinions, thrusting into the margin the texts in sup- Fort of their doctrine with a summary reference to the e'epter and verse, I have chosen, on the contrary, to till ice pag es even to redundance with quotations from &rip oste, that so as little space as possible might be left for my ow n words, even when they arts.: from the context of reve lation itself. It has alsoheen my ohjrct to ?rake it appear from the opinions I shall be found to hare advanced, whether new or old, of how much consequence to the Christian religion is the liberty not only of winnowing and sifting every doc trine, ha a lso of thinking and even writing respecting it, accordiag to mu individual faith and persnastun ; an infer ence which will be stronger in proportion to the weight iuwd importance of those opinions, or rather in proportion to the authority of Scripture, on the abundant testimony of which they zest. Without ties fluty there is neither rs lic,ion nor got/pi—force alone prevalls;—by whklt it is diseraceful for' the Christian relation to be supported. Without this liberty ere ore Eli enslaved, nor itiaeek as formerly, under the divine law, but what is Worst of all, under the law of man, or to speak more truly, mulct O bar harm tyranny. But I donut expect from candid anti jut... dicious readers a conduct so unworthy of them—that like certain unjust and foolish men, they should stamp with the invidious name of heretic or heresy whatever appears to them to differ from the received opinions, without trying the doctrine by a comparison with Scripture testimonies. According to their notions, to have branded any one at ran dom with this opprobrious mark, is to have refuted him without any trouble, by a singie word. By the simple Imputation of. the tome of heretic, they think they have despatched dick man at one blow. To metrof this kind I answer, that in the time of the Apostles, ere the New Tes tament was written, whenever the charge of heresy was ap p'ied as a term of reproach, that alone was considered as hirer) which was at variance with their doctrine orally de livered,—and that those only were looked upon as heretics who according to It tan. xvi. 17. 18, "caused divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine of the apostles—serving not out Lord Jews Christ, but their own billy." By pa rity of reasoning, therefore, since the cumpilation of the Ncw Testament, I maintain that nothing but what is in contradiction to it can properly be called heresy. For my own part, 1 adhLre to the Holy Scriptures alone-1 follow no other heresy or suet. I had not even rad any of the works of heretics, so called, when the' mistakes of those who are reckoned fur orthodox, and their locations handling of Scripture, brat taught, me to agree with their opponents whenever these opponents agreed with Scripture. If this he heresy, I confess with St.. Paul, Acts xxiv. 14. '' that after the way which they call heresy, so worship I the Cod of my fathers, believ ieg all things which arc written, in the law and the prophets—to whklt I add, whatever is written in the New Testament. Any other judges or chief interpre ters of the Christian belief, tbgether with all implicit faith, as it is called, I, in common with the Protestant Church, reftme to recognise. For the rest, brethren, cultivate truths with brotherly love, Judge of my present undertaking according to the admonishing of the Spirit of God—and neither adopt my sentiments nor reject them, unless every cloche has been removed'from your belief by the clear testimony of revels lation. Finally, live in the faith of our Lord end Saviour Jesus Christ. Farewell. . On the last birth-tit? Of Washington, the Liberato Bolivar paid a visit to the United' States squadron a t ' Chorillos, and was saluted from the frigate United States ! and the sloop of war Peacock. The British ship Cambridge, 71, and the Chilian agaselron, also saluted the Li herator,-1 the three squadrons.tlins combined in evincing their respect! for the character and talents of one of the first men of! the age.—Pleiludelphi t Paper. Astaittea.—The.State of Ohio was visited by a severe tempest, on the 18th ult. A whirwincl, which commenced nest. the west line of Licking comity, proceeded north-cast, wide the sweep of a mile in width ; and, on nearly half a mile of its centre line left not a tree standing. The little town of Burlington. ten miles north of Granville, con taining twenty dwellings, r• ceived the whole fm y of the tempest. Rvery dwelling was demolished ; most of them being uplifted from the foundation, some of them in solid masses, and others in pieces, and hurled in the air. Large trees were seen as high in the air as the eye could reach, wiping round as in a vortex. Three persons were killed, three others mortally wounded, and several mete injured less seriously. The cattle were nearly all killel. Such are the particulars as for as they have yet transpired. The citizens of the nearest towns turned out to relieve the di , tressed and bouselesa inhabitants ; and the physicians 'vete eemtant in their attendance oniehe wounded. Other, towns appear to have suffered ; but no where else do we find any details which come into comparison with the abore.—Nal. Jeer nal, Jane lb. We are assured that Professor Majendie will visit Lon don (Asir in August, and that he has sent word to Mr. Martin his lectures will not be conducted with any kind of cruelty, and therefore hopes that the Hon. Member for Galway will abstain from any observations calculated to excite resentment against one who Grates his object to be that of the advancement of science. Mania that for some time past Majendiel lectures, accompanied by the dissec tion of living animals, have, even in Paris, excited great disgust, insomuch that the College of Surgeons have de sired their disrontinuanee. Int or NI rons.—On Monday lasiLibout 200 persons took an excursionround the Isle of Wight in the Ariadne steam-packet, attended by a band of music. The day NIS extremely fine, and the passage delightful. The Ariadne started at nine o'clock in the morning, and re turned toiler moorings at r. quarter past six in the evening. An accident of a serious nature hail nearly occurred in passing Cowes, which caused cons:derable rearm on board ; a boat which had come,from the shore with a man and a b y, in attempting to board the packet while going at the r ,te of ten or twelve miles an hour, s.as upset by coming contact with the paddles; the man held op by the bottom of the boat, but the boy was drawn by the paddle up into the box before the engine could be stopped. The engineer, however, had, on the boat's first striking the paddle, hastened to effect its stoppage, and so opportunely dal the engine cease to act, that the boy was extricated from the paddie at the top of the box without injury. PROGATSS or RErINEDIENT.—A FACT.—A young woman meeting a former fellow-servant, was asked how alt= liked her new place, " Very well."—" Then you have nothing to complain of?" " Nothing; only master and rei , sus talk such very bad grammar."—American Paler. Yesterday morning, about one o'clock, when the Edin burgh mail was on its way to this city, the guard observed a saddle-horse without its rider; and a little farther on mnd a gentleman on the road, with his neck under part of his bo ly, quite dead. A pocket-book, watch, letters, pipers, &c. were found on the person of the deceased; and a little dog was men bowling over the lifeless body of its master, and with much reluctance permitted the guard to , approach the corpse. On examining some papers, the de ceased appeared to be a traveller belOging to the firm of M'Call, - Donglas, and Co. The passengers humanely took up the corpse on the coach, and left it at a public-house in the adjoining village.—Glargote C'hromiele, Jelly 14. It app ars by I. tVrs from Madrid of the Ist July, that the unprecedented, frost which not long ago destroyed a 'teat portion of the sines and wheat crops, has been fol. lowed by an intense brat, which has scorched much of what remained. In many parts of the country the priesthood have taken advantage of this national calamity to urge the Royaliats to acts of outrage against th Constitutionalists, h) declaring that it proceeds fr..m the indignation of Prcs %.demze at their existence. TIM A Tr • BETWEEN COLOAIBIA AND THE limn rtio. MINCES OF CENTRAL AMERICA. The following Treaty has been concluded and ratified between the Republic of Colombia and the United Pro winces of Central America. It rill be observed that, by the ninth Article, the two States provide apinst the intru sion of any unauthorised settlers on the Mosquito shore. The long-continued farce, or, we ought rather to say, fraud, of Mac Gregor and big Caziqueship of Poyais will surely now come to a close. As the Treaty will probably be the met:el on which others of a similar nature between the other States of America, formerly Colonies of Spain, will be concluded, we have judged it of importance to give :it at full length. fly the 13th Article provision is made, for a general assembly of Plenipotentiaries from all the new States, in order to draw closer the bonds of amity and alli ance between them. Two Ministers of equal rank are to attend fur each State, and the Assembly is to be convened 1 1 as soon as the other States have agreed to send their Pleni potentiaries. The powers of this new Amphictyouic Conn ca are to be very extensive. It will serve as a point of union in common dangers, as a faithful interpreter of ipihlic Treaties, and as an arbitrating and conciliating au thority in the disputes and differences that may occur be tween them. The Isthmus of Panama, in the territory of Colombia, is named as the place for holding this general congress of the American States. By the 18th Article the two Republics bind themselves expressly and irrevocably not to accede to any demands of indemnity, tribute, or other exactions ultich the. Spanish Government may make for the loss of its supremacy over them. • In the name of (Ind, the Author and Legislator of the Universe. The Republic of Colombia and the United Provinces of Central America, beings:Misted with the most sincere desire of putting an end- to the calamities of the war they are at present waging with the Gisentunient of his Catholic Majesty, the King of Spain ; and both the contracting powers' hting disposed to unite all their forces both by sea and tend. and in identify their principles and interests both in peace and war, they hove resolved to form a convention of union, alliance, and perpetwil confederacy, which may assure them for ever the advantages' 01 their liberty and independence. fleeing so salutary an object in view, the Vice-President of the Republic of Colombia, charged with (be executive power, his conferred full powers on Pedro (Goal, Secretary of State fur the Foreign Affairs of the said Republic, as has also the saptenie Executive power of the United Provinces of Central America, on 1)r. Pedro Molina, their Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the liorernment of the aforesaid Republic : who, after baring ex changed in proper form their special full powers, have agreed on , the following articles:— Art. 1. 'the Republic of Colombia and the United Provinces of Central America unite, ally, end perpetually confederate them selves in peace and war, in order to uphold with their influence and disposable tnaritime and lard forces their independence of the Spanish nation, and every other foreign power, and to assure by that mems their mutual prosperity, more perfect harmony, and good intelligence, not only between their own people and citizens, but also with any other power with whom they may enter into re lations. Art. 2. The Republic of Colombia, and the United Provinces of Cenral Ameri.a promisz, and spontaneously contract by these presents, a firm and constant friendship, and a permanent, inti mate, and Watling alliance for their comintm detence, for the secu rity of their independence and liberty, and for their reciprocal and general bent-fit, binding themselves each mutually to succour the other, and to repulse in common every attack or invasion of the enemies of lamb which may in any manner threaten their political existence. _ Art. 3. in order to carry into tact the object indicated in the pre ceding articles, the Republic of Colombia binds itself to aid the Unittd Provinces of Central America with its disposable maritime and land forces, the number of which, or the equivalent, shall be fixed at the meeting of Plenipotentiaries mentioned hereafter. Att. 4. Vie united provinces of Central America wil! aid in the rune manner thellepu bile ot Colombia with their disposable land and maritime forces, whose number or equivalent will also be fixed iu the said meeting. . • . Art. 6. Both thecontracting partial mutually guarantee the inte. grity of their respective territories against the attempts and invasions of the subjects of the King of Spain and his adherents, in the same 'tete in which they were before the present war of independence. Art. 6. When:fare, incase of a sudden invasion, both parties shall be at liberty to act hostilely in the territories of either, always pro vided that the circumstances of the moment exclude any communi cation with the Government to whom the invaded territory may belong, but the party who shall so act shall comply with, and cause to be consplied wits, the Statutes, Ordinances, and Laws of the State in which circumstances shall place him, and shall also see that its Government be respected and obeyed. The expenses which may be incurred in these operations and others, in conseqence of the 3d mad Stit Articles, shall be defrayed by distinct agreements, and shall ba settled one year after the conclusion oldie present war. Are. 7. The Republic of Colombia and the United Provirors of Central America bind themselves, and formally promise, to re. spect the boundaries of each State, as they are at pre4ent, reserving to themselves to make in a friendly manner, by means of a special convention, the demarcation of the line of separation of each State, as soon as circumstances will permit, or directly that one of the parties informs the other they are disposed to enter upon that bustnet _ . Art. U. In order to facilitate the progress and happy conclusion of the boundary strain, spoken of in toe przceding article, both parties will be at liberty to name Commissioners, who will traverse the frontiers, and make maps of them as mty be thought conve. nient and necessary to establish the separati in line, without the local authorities causing any hindrance, but on the contrary, giving every protection aml help for the proper dischatge of the duty, and to enforce which the Commissinners must pr.siltice the passports with which they will be furnished with the respective governments. Art. 9. Both the contracting parties desiring to provide a remedy for the evils which niny arise to both from the colonisation by unauthorised adventurers of that part of the Mosquito shore, comprehended from Cape Oracles-a-Dios, inclusive, to the river Chagres, bind themselves to employ their land and sea forces against any individual, or individuals, who may undertake to form establishments on the said ccast without having previously obtained the permission of the government iu whom the dominion and property may lay. Art. 10. In order to strengthen and increase the union and alliance contracted by the present convention, it is moreover cilia. hated and agreed upon that the citizens and inhabitants of each of the parties shall have free entrance and exit into the respective ter-' thanes and towns, and shall enjoy in them all civil rights and pri. surges of traffic and cininterce, being only subject to the duties, imposts, and restrictions to which the citizens and inhabitants of the territory they may be in arc also subject. Art. 11. In consequence cf this. their vessels and cargoes, corn- I posed of national or ton ign merchandise and productions, being regiatercd in the custom-house of either of the contracting parties. shall pay no more imporiat;en, exportation, anchorage, or tonnage duties than those already e-tsblislied, or that may I be established by the nativ:s of ports of each state, accord.! ing to the existing laws : that a to say, that the vessels and effects proceeding Prom Colombia shall pay the duties of importation, exportation, anchorage, and tonnat;te, in the ports of the united provinces of Central Americo, as it they belonged to the ash; united provinces, and those of the united provinces as oloni- Wens in those of Colombia. Art. 12. 'loth the contracting parties bind themselves to furnish what help they may be able to those vessels of war and mershant. men who tray touch at pore belonging to the other, in order to careen, to be repaired, to take in provisions, to arm, to augment Itheir crew, or any other motive, sill they are able to continue their I voyage c cruise ; this shall be at the expense of the state or indi vidual to whom the vessel may belong. Art. 13. In order to avoid the scandalous abuses which pri vateers, armed by individuals, might cause On the high seas, to the prejudices of national commerce and of neutrals,' it is agreeld by both parties that the jurisdiction of their maritime courts should extend to the privateers and prizes echo navigate under the Hog of either party, always supposing that they could not be easily con. veyed to their own jurisdiction, or that there were signs of their having committed any excess egninst the commerce of neutral na tions with whom both status desire to cultivate the greatest harmony and goad understanding. Art. 14. With a view to avoid all disorder in the army and ma rine of both countries, it has been moreover agreed, that the refs • gees from one territory to another, being soldier and sailor des,e ters, even although the last belong to merchantmen, they shall be immediately delivered over to whatever tribunal or authority under whose jurisdiction the said deserter or deserters may be taken; it being well understood that the efaim of his chief, commander, or captain, must first be put in, giving the description of the indivi dual or individuals, and the number, Corp., or ship, from • Rich they may have deserted, depositing it at the public prison, so that the delivery of the prisoner to the tribunal be in form. Att. ln. In order more to strengthen the bonds which are for the future to unite both states, and to prevent asy difficulty which ma- arise. us interrupt, in any manner, their good understanding and harmony, an avembly or meeting shall be formed, armored of two Plenipotentiaries for each party, on the same terms. and with the same forms, which, in conformity, and with established usage, are observed in the appointment of 31inisters of equal rank in other natiois. Art. 16. Both parties bind themselves to nee their good offices with the Governments of the other States of America, fornietly belonging to Spain, to enter into this compact of union, league, and perpetual eon tede*acy. Art. 17. As soon as this grand and important feral is obtained a General Assembly of the Americsn States will beheld, composed of their Plenipctentioriee, with the charge of cementing in a more solid manner, and establishing those intimate relations which ough to exist between all anal every every one, and which will serve them as a Courted in great conflicts, as • point of communication in' 'common dangers, as • faithful interpreter of their pohlie treaties when dif fi culties occur, and an arbitrating and constiiating judge in the divot's and differences. Art. 12. Tnis Trenty of Uphill, Alliance, and Confedmci will r ant in any manner interrupt the exercise of the national Sure. teignty of each of the contracting parties, nor clumgm the de. sign of its laws and institutions, nor the form of their respective Governments, nor the relations which they May have cotablisbed with other forettm nations. But they expressly and irrevocably hind themnhlces not to accede to line demands of indemnity, tri bute, or other exacuions, which the Spanish Government may bring forward for the loss of its old supeemacy over t►ese countries, nor shall it be granted to any Other nation in its name or represen. tatinn, nor enter into any treaty with Spain, nor any other nation, to the prejudice or hurt of that Independence, sustaining at all times and places their reciprocal interests with the dignity and energy of fur, independent, friendly, brotherly, and confederated nations. Ait.l9. The isthmus of Panama being an integral part of Co. lombia, and the best adapted for this august Assembly, this Re pub!ic willingly binds itself to provide the Plenipotentiaries who may compose the Assembly of American Stutem, all the facilities which the hospitality between brother people, and the sacred and inviolable character of their persons demand. Art. 2 . 0. The united provinces of Central America bind them selves in like manner, always taking into consideration that, by the events of war, or the consent of the majority of the American States, that the said Assembly may meet in territory depenning upon them in the UMW tcnns as those agreed to by the Republic of Colombia in the preceding article also with respect to the isthmus of Panama, or any other point of their jurisdiction, which may arise concerning this moat interesting object, front its central position between the Northern and Southern States of America, formerly Spanish. Art. 21. The Republic of Colombia and the united provinces of Central America, desiring to avoid all interpretation contrary to their intentions, deslare that whatever advantage or advantages that one or the other Power may have by the foregoing stipula tions, are and ought to be considered as a compensation for the obligations which have just been contracted by the present treaty of union, alliance, and perpetual confederacy. Art. LI. The present treaty of union, alliance, and perpetual confederacy will be ratified by the President or Vice President charged with the executive power of the Republic of Colombia, with the consent and approbation of the congress of the same, within the term of thirty days, and by the government of the united provinces of Central America as soon as the distance will allow ; and the ea-' titivation' will be exchanged in the city of Ouatimala, within six months from the date hereof, or before, df possible. In faith of which we, the Plenipotentiaries. of the Republic of Colombia, and the united province. of central America hive signed; and sealed these presents in the city of Bogisla, on the lath day of the month of March, In the year dour Lord 1025, in the 15th year of the independence of the Republic of Colombia, and the fifth of that of the united provinces of Central America. (Signed) PEDRO OVAL. PEDRO MOLINA. _ . The foregoing treaty was ratified by the Vice:ircsidentniti Con gress of Colombia on the 12th of Al riL COLOMBIA. The following is the official account, in the Gaceta de Colombig of May Stlt, of the address of Colonel Hamilton to the Vice-President of that State, on being presented as Chame d'Atfairs of the British Government:— On the 3d inst. at eleven in the morning, the Secretary of State: for Foreign Affairs presented Colonel J. P. Campbell to his Excel.' lency the Viee.President, charged with the Executive power, and who was on the occasion surrounded with the other Secretaries of State, in quality of Charge d'Affairs of his Majesty the King of the I 7nited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, to the Govern. went of the Republic of Colombia. Colonel Campbell then de. livered himself to his Excellency in the following terms:— " Senor—On being presented to your Excellency as Charge d'Afrairs of the Government of Great Britain, permit me, your Excellency, to express the satisfaction that I feel at the post which has been confided to me, and my joy at seeing already established the bonds of amity and union, by which the interests and good understanding of Great Britain and Colombia are insep.rably allied by virtue of the treaty lately confirmed ; and whilst I a.sttre your Excellency that my Government will do all to p reserve in full force the connexions est a bli s h e d by t h a t t rea ty, i t is in the con fidence that it will be met with similar intentions on the part of the Government of Colombia. `• As a British subject, let me also be permitted to assure your Excellency, that the British Government stretching out the hand of friendship is an act most cordial to the hearts of the British public, who have always taken the most lively interest in the pro sperity of Colombia. " Pennit me also to offer your Excellency me congratulations on the progressive prosperity of this country, and on the love, pa triotism, and submission to the laws which I have observed in all classes of citizens, in every part of Colombia I have visited; virtues which promise to preserve internal tranquillity, and to promote the general good, and which have, with the valour and great qualities of her Liberator, established her political independence." Colonel Campbell then presented Mr. Wall, as Secretary of the British Legation. His Excellency then answered : " The Government and the Republic of Colombia begin to have satisfaction for the anxiety with which they have endeavoured to deserve the friendship of the Government anti British public, and I hope that the treaty which has just been concluded will be the first in the chain of those which will extend and strengthen the relations between the two powers. 'lt is most agreeable to me, and am certain that it will be also se the Republic, that the transac tions of the powerful English nation Inv in charge of a gentleman of the old Commission, and who has distinguished himself for his justice and public virtues." Previous to the Colonel's departure from Bogota. the fol lowing address was presented to him from the British re sidents in that city : Bogota. April a 1826. Sir,—We the undersigned British residents in Bogota, impressed with the highest esteem towards you, cannot allow you to depart from us without expressing our unfeigned thanks for the dignified manner in which you have supported the British character, lin the high official situation which has been intrusted to you by our be loved Sovereign, jointly with your worthy friends and colleagues-- and we confidently anticipate the most lasting benefits to both countries, as the result of your joint exertions and instrumentality. Your amiable qualities, and the hospitable reception which all I who have had the honour of your acquaintance have invariably re ceived from you upon all occasions, will long be remembered with gratitude and with pleasure ; indeed, we should much regret your departure were we not consoled by the reflection, that you are re turning to the bosom of your family, and that you are leaving with us, in your colleagues, gentlemen who are equally entitled t.r our esteem and veneration. ....... We most sincerely wish that your voyage may be speedy and propitious; that you may find every branch of your family in the perfect enjoyment of health and happiness; and that you may re ceive from our most Gracicus Sovereign, Ocoee rewards for your services which are most acceptable to an honourable mind., and such as your warmest wishes can anticipate. We are, w ith sentiments of the highest regard, Sir, Your tnn•t obedient and very humble scrvanU. (Here follow the Signatoreil.),. The following answer was returned by Cnl. Hamilton:— TO THE ENGLISH ItESIDENTS IN BOGOTA. Bogota, April 27,1825. GEWTLEXES,—I beg to assure you, that the address which I had the honour of receiving, yesterday, has proved most pleas ing and gratifying to my feeling., more particularly as, in this address, you approve of the conduct of the British Commissioners sent to Colombia. Pray accept, Gentlemen, my very best thanks for the kind and obliging sentiments you have been pleased to express towards me, and which, believe me, I most fully appreciate u I ought to do. Wishing you all health, and every happinos, I remain, Gentlemen, Your most faithful, humble Servant, J. P. HAMILTON. AMERICAN SCENERY. The following tlescriptidnof the celebrated Falls of Youghiogeny is from the pen of an American : ‘ 4 1 wish 1 could describe to yea the Five.mile Falls of the Yougbiogeny. To a lover of rude and terrific scenery, they would afotd a delectable treat. There is indeed no one who would not be greatly gratified in seeing them. I would, for your amusement, at tempt a long and particular description of them, if I did not feel myself so inadequate to the task, or if 1 was not so fully convinced that my best efforts in this way would fall short of giving you a just conception of the grand scene which they present. Imagine, if you please, a deep narrow ravine, warn down some hundred feet by the operation of the river, far perhaps many cen turies past, thrtimih a great mountain, exposing on its Aides umu mera4le craggy polo's. and numberless rocks of every possible shape and aPpearance. Conceive also a river fretting and foaming along this deep and rocky channel, obstructed and fineed from a direct Age course, by the fitervention at almost every point of immense irregular rocks—dashing its way with mad fury, at one moment, sv,r a ragged perpendicular ledge, and at the next furiously tearing Its way through deep, tortuous, and obstructed chasms. Fancy also, if you can, the deep continued roaring and brawling of a stream thus seeking an outlet, and thus contiremslly checked in its progress, and add to such sounds as your fancy may invent. their reverberations and echoes. I may iniare all these things and you may possibly have a faint idea of the 1 ive-mile Falls, but can still form nothing like a correct estimate of their character. " if nature in its very rudest form—in its very nakedness and a na tive wildness--deserves the appellation of Id. gr.indeur, then, indeed, this is one of the grandest scenes in the work This Is strong law guage, yob will say—it is so, hut to exoggtrare in this case o im. possible —The passage of the rotomac river through the 131 u. Ridge, at Ilarper a Ferry, so celebrated for its nov. by, and which Mr. Jefferson has said is worth crossing the Atlantic to see, is. I believe, remarkable only for the rude chavicor of its scenery. In this respect, if compared with the live-mile Falls of the Youghio. geny, it must sink into utter insignifissnce. In casethe canal should be conducted along this ravine, it would word a convenient means of viewing with perfect. Case and Will. faction this wild arid romantic place, and I wilt venture to predict that. in this event, thousands and thousands would pass through the Chesapeake and Ohio (lanai, with no other object or motive than that of enjoying this, and other rich scenery along the ha'hks as the heretofore unknown and neglected Youghtogeny.. ' A very important reversionary property is to be sub mitted to public competition on Thursday, the income to be sold is 2,5001. a-year, anti the security (which is landed propelly) rxecedo 6,0001. trica:. George Robins oflic:a:es on this occasion. • LVTERESTINC; CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN. BARON 11(101301,1)T AND•THE CAN 00YERNMENT. ' Moat the Ilferican,!'d of March 19, 19.?5,1 Ltrlti ADDRIES3IEO BY TIE . MINUTE& 01P 'ILLATION. 70 ZARON IItUDOLDT. MeXico, July 21, 1£24. Your luminous writings relative to America, the fruit of your talents and of your travels in this part of the globe, have been ge nerally received with the estimati: • due to tie interesting matter and information with which they "bound. • From them can be funned a correct idea of what Mexico will be. under a good and liberal Constnutinn, possessing, m it does, witlf.s itself all the ele ments of pen:Teeny t and the reading of your work ban not a little contributed to vivify the spirit of independence, the germs of which existed amongst many of the inhabitants, and to arouse others from the lethargy in which they were held by foreign domination. The whole nation in penetrated with gratitude Inc your labours, as they have been the mean, of niakini; known to the world its caps. I city of rendering itself happy in itself; and the Supreme Govern. merit charged with the adminiefration of its pene concerns hear. lily concur, in this respect, with the general sentiment- The Ho. vemment has, therefore, been pleased to direct me, as their Minis ter of State and Relations, to express to you the great as isfaetion with which they have understood it to be your intention to return once more to this country, and tl:eir lively hope that you will carry that idea into effect, so that they may cue:granulate themselves on counting amongst the number of the inhabitants of thin Repubiic, a man so illustrinus and justly esteemed throughout the civilised world. In communicating to you dime sentiments and wishes of my Government, I take the more pleasure as it 'affords me an op portunity of repeating to you the expression of my high tnnsiderm don and respect. LUCAS MAHAN. Baron Alexander Humboldt. ♦HSWER TO THE PRECEDING LETTER. Paris, Nov. C. 1C24. In an official letter of the 21st July, your Excellency has been pleased to transmit to me the sentiments of erection and esteem with which the 3lexican nation and their government deign to ho hour my slender literary labours. Engaged in a Career dedicated entirely to the cultivation of the sciences, and to the support of the eternal principles on which the progress of reason anti the ameli oretion of public institutions depend, nothing could flatter my self lore more than this soltnnn testimony, expressed in so noble and interesting a Manner. I therefore beg your Excellentl to present' to your Government this homage of toy profound respret4 and of my eternal gratitude. If the works which I have published have produced any good, it should be attributed only to my love for the truth and the purity of my sentiments. and to the admiration with which I have been inspires by a country whom nature has destined to so exalted a fate. I am not without hope of beholding once again (my sovereign permitting) the majestic Cordilleras of Ana_ butt; of studying once more their natural productions; and of enjoying'the pleasure of witnessing the progressive happiness which must necessarily be produced in the bosom of the Republic by free invite :as and the arts of peace. In requesting your Excellency to be the organ of my gratitude to the Supreme Government, I seize the occasion to reiterate to you , the sentiments of high consi deration and esteem with which 1 have the honour to be, your most , humble and obedient servant, ALEX. HUMBOLDT. To his Excellency Lucas Altman. Secretary of State for the Mexican Republic. LETTER OF BARON HUMBOLDT TO THE PRESIDENT or THE REPUBLIC. Most Excellent Sir—With he most respectful confidence I ad dress myself to the tint Magistrate of the Mexican Republic, to him whom the free suffrages of the nation have just called to a post so much the more eminent, us it affords the faculty of using cle mency, and of alleviating the sulrerings of the unfortunate. How satisfactory to me is the consideration, that the first time that I pre sent myself before the Supreme Oovertrr-cnt of a country whose riches and natural resources I have matte known to Europe, stir supplications may procure consolation for nn unfortunate family I have this day learnt that Colonel Carlos Benesky, with whom I am not personally acquainted (although he is from the Prussian colony, and my countryman), hut who has done signal services in the last wars of my country, has been induced, by an error of politi cal opinion, to follow the fortune of Augustin Iturbide. An aged father and two sisters, of respectable connexions, fear that he has forfeited his hie. They have applied to me, hoping that my voice will be listened to, and that my prayers may be sufficient to obtain the liberty of a son and a brother, whose residence in America was even unknown on the banks of the Rhine. • , The Old World has admired the generous sentiments displayed' by the Mexican nation in their conduct towards the family of the Ex• Emperor. Deign, thee, your Excellency, ass disiinguiihed favour to ma, to extend that national clemency to Colonel Bonesky, anti for the Bike of his unfortunate father, to commute his punish ment into merely banishment from the territory of the Emboldened by my known attachment to a country for which your Excellency has made so great and noble sacrifices, I make this sup plication with the most ptrfect coulideece. I am, with the most profound respect, Mr. President, Your Excellency's most humble and obedient servant. ADEXANDER HUMBOLDT. To hia Excellency General Guadalupe Vittoria, President of the Mexican Republic. ' (The wishes of Baron H. were anticipated, 'Colonel Benesky having been merely sent out of the country, ways time before the above letter was received.) TURKISH PAPER. The Journal published at Frankfort in French, which thinks under the dictation and by the permission of the Ceivral Inquisition established at Ma)ence, has just taken up the cudgels in the defence of his brethren, Messrs. Pitate and Tricon, the Editors of the Austrian °bar, ver and Oriental Spectator. The latter is a poor, necessitous maniac, barely acquainted with a mongrel jargon which he calls the French language, in which he writes a newspaper to blight the sacred cause of the Cross, by calumnies at so much per article. Places! under the protection of the French Consul at Smyrna, lie tells all who choose to believe him, that his mercenary paper is read by the Sultan, of whom he speaks as of a Prince as legitimate as his Apostolic Majesty the Emperor Francis, and of Turkey as of a country the most civilized of the world, blessed in a rich soil perfectly cultivated. What answer is to he returned to all this, when the Turkish piastre is at 50 cent. commerce annihilated, and the people starving for want of bread, and devoured by the plague and the Cholera Muria's? But what will the Oracle of Frankfurt say when we tell him that M. Tricon has praised the execution of the martyr Patriarch Gregory, that he has endeavoured to justify the assassins of the innocent population of Scio, and that he went to a ball given to testify joy at the extermination of the Chris tians of Ipsara ? If these facts do not entitle M. Tricon to he called renegade, what is he to be called ?—Cour tier I Fraficais. ftrpecriost or Duns.—The consumption of whisky since the reduction of the duty, compared with the quan tity formerly used, is very extraordinary, perhaps not less than as 10 to 4. In addition to the great number of stills now at work, several more are at present erecting in and about the neighbourhood of Aberdeen, and many of the distillets can hardly execute their orders.—Glasgow Chro nicle. REMINISCINCC.—Among the few curious incidents of earlier days, that have es.:aped the pen of history, and are transmitted only by traditionary tale, is one that came to our knowledge a day or two since, and which; as far as we can learn, is new to most of our readers. It is the burning of a human being in this city, not for, trifehcraf?, but for mur der. It is stated that nearly eighty years since, a slave ran away;from his master, who )lived in this city, and con cealed himself in one of the islands in the vicinity three or ' four miles below. The fugitive was not long after disco •vered by an inhabitant of the island, who took him into his canoe to bring him to the city ; but the slave rose upon his keeper, and with a knife cut his throat. The slave was caught, tried, and condemned. lie was led to the place of execution, where a large iron band bound his waist, and a chain fastened to the stake. burned in Spate-street, nearly opposite to the old gaol. He met his fate with fortitude, bidding defiance to all around him. The above is given as a fact occurring under the observation and within tlre recollection of one of our oldest inhabitants.—National Democrat 11',11:qiny, in Anicrira. A valuable cowl !Mae has been discovered on the estate of lir. Shirley, near Carrickmacross, and coal of the best quility is now mining in abundance. The mine is waxing by the Royal Itist Mine Company.—Freeman's Journal, Dublin. Lead ore is now raised at Rochestown, within six miles of Dublin, in quantities averaging a ton per das, and for which, in that state, the Royal Irish Mining Company readily gets 4 20/. per toz-.—lb;i. SHOCK:No AceiDENT.—Sunday morning, about eleven o'clock, a party of three young men were rowing in a boat on the river Thames, near Mill-bank ; when they arrived near a coal bar,ze on the river, one of them got up for the purpose of pushing ott the boat, which was in a most dan gerous situation, in. doing which he fell into the water; one of his companions, while he was struggling in the water, plunged in for the purpose of saving him, on which he was clasped round the neck by his friend, and in a short period they both sank to rise no more. The bodies were dragged for, mid soon after were pi c ked up lifeless, and earried to the White Hart public-house for the Coroner's InTtcet. Tin is zanies at e C!ark,3 and Ciatli..3. I.VDIAI. • The following, is the series of &patent* frtnit Colon , I rtichards. detailing the military operations which led to I the evaenstich of tote prtlninte of Assam by the Burmese Eastern. Division, anti are extracted from the Calcutta heat, the lhe D t e l p e' u P t; tch A el ssi:ta l..e nt ehl A dressed djntan ttfLiCeneapratailn yutlthie- I (government Gazettes of the Vat and 28th Febrtiary 81a—I have the honour to report, for the information of Brigs dier-tleneralShuldharn, cot - invaliding the Eastern Division, that at half an hour Aker ten o'clock this morning many hundreds of the enemy atteeked my aflrdicnd putition at Namnong, Nulls, net• • winch there is a fine pucka bridge, and where Captain Mac Len4t commanded with the Rungpore Light Infanry. the bridge•ie distant front my present cs.isp &mita three quarters of e. mile on'. the high toad to Itungpore. Ou hearing the tiring_ I Ordered fife troops under sums, anti moved 00 to the support of Capt. Mac Lewil whit two compeanes of the sjth regiment, and the Dinagerweb Lend Battalion, leering th e rema i n d er 0 .. the former eorps, tindet Captain 3laittn, to defend the camp, as the H urca t ra h s acquai nted:" me that the enemy meant to attack in three divisions. On thy rcachiv the scene of artiest, I found that gallant officer, Captain Mac Leosi, and his Inns band, defending the position in a et ally' soldier-like manner. As I perceived the enemy sure cOi,.i et. • ing and spreading to the right and left, in a very Notyk' jungle, in which it was impostlble our troops could act with effect, end that those in our immediate front were leering up a very sharp tire of jingala and muskets, I ordered the patty on the bride to retire to the front division, and to lay down and cease 'Arhig. The enemy thought this waa the prelude to a retreat, and Set tip a shout and came forward; but our fire from the' advanced positien soon made them retire. After this the enemy were apparently gaining confidence, and began to sbow themschree boldly ; I therefore gave them half an hour to Callen, and to inekee them to suppose we did not meditate an attack. At file eaptration of that time I directed Captain Mae Leod to charge their position with the Itungpore Light Infantry, followed by the Volunteer Ca valry, in number twenty-eight, under Lieutenant Brooke, sub. Assistant Commissary.tfeneral. This was performed with the utmost gellantry, and the enemy tied after giving their fire, but were overtaken ' , and Captain Mac Leod reports that full sixty were killed in the charge,' amongst whom were three Phokuns, mounted on horseback ; their horses were taken, as also 41 muskets and 3d spears' anti four prisoners. The number killed in the charge is independent of these that were killed in the first attach, aho were lall immediately carried off as they fell, and it is supposed they mirre have lost near one hundred killed, as the attack lasted ore hoer. and twenty minutes. On out side, I regret to sty, I.:atter:ant and Adjutant Kennedy, Rungpore Light Infantry, was wounded In the head (slightly). The other casualties are, one Seeoy of the name corps, and one horse attached to the malty, Wounded. The con. duct of the Rungpore Light Infantry, and the Volunteer Cavalry, which belongs to the same corps, merits my wannest approbation. To Captain Mal head, comtnanding Bulppre Light !mann!, and Lieutenant Brooitc, who commanded the Voluntcercavalry, and whose conduct is rettore-..d by Captain Mac Leod to have been moat ' conspicuous, my best thanks are especially due ; as also to Lieute nant Fleming, officiating Sub-Assistant Commissary-Ocnet a t, rho joined the nungpore Inght Infantry in the charge; and to Lieu tenant and Adjutant Kennedy, and Mr. Thomson (Surgeon), of that corps, for the zealous assistance aftbrded by them during the ac I trust the runs, spare ernmitnition, and s'applies *lll arrive in camp in the course of the night or to-morrow morning, which will enable me to move forward to the attack of Rungpove on the day, following. I omitted to mention, in my letter of yesterday's data, that 40 prisoners have been taken subsequent to my former letter of the lath instant. I have, he. (Signed) i A. RICHARDS, reienfenaht-Colonel commanding n Assam. Camp Goweee Sager, 27th Jan. 1026. Si a,—ln continuation of toy letter of tilt l'7th Instant, I have to acquaint you, for the information of Brigadier-General Shuldham, commanning the Eastern Division, that I was joined by Lieute nants Iledingfeld and Billiton, with two howitzers and two twelve pounder carronntle4, on the same evening, and having arrtingeu everything for our advance towards Rungpore, I thatched at nay breaa on the Alth in the following order e Ist.—The detachment 64th Regiment (Light Company leading;, Ithe advanced-guard from which, a Havildat's party, wan sent hid paces on in front. 2.l.—The Volunteer Cavalry. • 31.—The Brigade of howitzers, drawn by elephants. 4th.—The 57th Regiment, right in front. 6th.—The two 12• pounder carronades, on elephants, with ammu nition attached. 601.—The Dinagepore Local Battalion. 7th.--The Itungpore Light Infantry. 8 h.—The spare arnminntion.- I wits aware that the enzmv had a stockade across the road, near Rongpore, as Lieutenant tieufiille, Deputy-Assistant-Quarter master-General, had gone out to reconnoitre on the morning of the 26th, and got to it without being perceived. He reported that it was defended by 200 men and some guns, and that he was fired upon from a fortified tank, a little in advance on the right, and which appeared to Command the before mentioned stockade, an:: that a gun was also fired from the left, which he considered mu-c have been from the fort of Rungpore, as, he observed the tops pucka buildings and mo s ques i n th a t di r ectfo`a, distant about thrct quarters of a mile ; and i.e also stated that the whole county It traversed tress deep jungle. Before advancing I gave 'directions to Captain Acaldron, com manding the advance guard, to storm she stockade across the road, it he thought he had a chance of carrying it, but if not, to turn into the jungles, right and lett, and act as a covering party, which latter plan he adopted, its the fire of the enemy was extremely heavy. It may be here proper to remark, that the stockade had been greatly strengthened and reinforced since Lieutenant Ncufville was there. and out the first discharge from the enemy, *llO were entrencheit, brought down more than half of the leading division, which caused a momentary check. At this time the guns end column were about 200 paces in the rear. On the first shot being fired. I gave direc tions for the elephants to be cast eff from the howitzers, and pre pare for action ; whilst this was performed, I advanced near to the stockade to examine it, rid immediately returned to the had of the column, and ordered a couple of Shells and a round or two of grapes to be thrown in, and for Captain Mac Lend to prepare to as- sault with the right Wing of the 57th Regiment, which was accord ingly done in the most gallant style, assisted by the detachment 11 the 46th Regiment, who rushed forward to support him, and 1 had the pleasure to sec the enemy fly at the moment the troops began ' scale and break down the stockade. At this period I was unfo•- tunattly wounded, but grvc orders for the guns and column to ac vance, and sent for Alajor 'Waters, and gave him directions to car, the stockaded tank on the right, or any other outworks the mien., might have, anti I would be up as soon as my wound Lad bee.. dressed. Herewith I inve the pleasure to enclose a copy cf that °flied, letter, stating a occurred from the time he assuened the c ont . mance until - I joined, which I was able to do in a dooly in show twenty minutes. Captain Mac Leod, with the Bungpore Light Infantry, took possession of a mosque on the left, about four Inin dred yards from the fort, and another petty um detached to occup another mosque on the right side, by which means.the south side of the fort was invested and the enemy driven in at all points. As the fort appeared an extensive place, and full of gime andmin, who showed themselves on the walls and gateways, 1 deemed It ad-, visable to order the camp to be pitched, and to have the place re connoitred, which wag done the same evening, and it was consi dered necessary by the artillery officer, that two more guns should be ordered from the fleet, and that people should be immediately sent out to cut and collect materials for a battery, which was corn plied with. In the course of the day we fired a few rounds of shells, carcases, and round shots, at the fort, to give them a spEcimen of the mean, we had of annoying them, which they returned by constant dis charges of cannon. I am sorry to say that our loss, in wounded, is very heavy, but from the nature of the service, and the troops being for a time unavoidably exposed to a cross the of twenty pieces of ordnance, all of which were raptured, and a large body of men, armed witli ' muskets, it is providential that we suffered su little. I have par-. Ocularly to lament the severe wound that enterprising officer Lieu tenant Brooke, :tub-Assistant Commissary General, received at my side, at my first advance to the stockade, but I trust that the surgeon's report of his case is favourable, he will soon be re stored to health and the service. I have not been able to ascertain the loss the enemy sustained in this affair, but it cannot, I have every reason to believe, be less than one hundred men killed and wounded. To the whole of the troops employed on th;s occasion my best thanks are due for the zeal they evinced ; but I feel it in cumbent on me to bring to the notice of theptigatierGeneral corn mantling the division, the gallantry and stAuly conduct of the fol. lowing of f icers who had the good fortune to be more immediately engaged, viz.—Major IVatera, my second in command, for th e judicious arrangements which he adopted, after I had been do ubled ; to Captain Nraldron, commanding a detachment 46th re ; Captain commanding 67th regiment, the tight wing of which carried the stockade by assault ; Lieutenant Betting field, commanding the artillery, as well as to Lieut. Burlron, niched to the same ; to Captain Mac Leod, commanding Rung. pore Light Infantry ; for taking possession of a commanding post. lion before the enemy were aware of its importance - and to Lieut. Neufville, Deputy Assistant Quarter 31 aster Gene ral, fur his gal hint eonduct in leading the advance, end for the correct intelligence he gave me, by whit% means I was enabled to form the plan of operations with such success, and I trust that our attack on the fort will be equally fortunate, the result of which I hope to have the pleasure of reporting in a day or two. I cannot close this despatch without recording my approbat,on anti thanks to Captain Bayldon, Major pf Brigade, Lieutenant Neufville, Deputy Assistant Quarter-master (laurel ; Lieutenaut Brooke, Sub-assistant Commissary-General ; and Lieutenant Fleming, officiatmg Sub-assistant Conamilsary-General, the steel attached to this force, for the prompt and great assistance I have at all times received from them in the cxecuuon of their respective duties. I have, &c. (Signed) A. RICHARDS, Lieut.-Co/. Commanding in Assam. Camp before Rungpore, Assam, JanT2I,RW. tit continuation of my despatch of the '29th ult. I have the honour to acquaint von for the information of Brigadier-Germ ral Shit Wham, commanding the eastern division of the army, that on the moon setting, on the morning of the : 1 0111, tie enemy, 11 small parties, came out and attacked thepiequets, but were sooa compelled to retire, with the loss on our side of two sentries killed, and on their part, as far is known, of one man killed. The tiring from the Fort continued during the whi;le of the night and morning at intervals ; but ss they had not the range of our wi mp, did not return ashot, as the place is too extensive to ha w , made tin , gre ,t impression, and our supply of ammunition being b u t small, 1 was anxious to reserve it for tbe day of attack. About ten o clock ?r. the morning of the 30th, a flag of truce was I „,. 71 1 .4. 1 1 1 ( . • r , r • f 1 . . i . 1 t; - ;-.• 1 , y , r 6, k IP l i i ...! # ' 1 i I I i •F • 4 i 1 . f . . i I I i i , e f '.. be Once far