The Statesman. — London, England, 1818-10-01 00:00:00

a t tbe espence GE health and rest and mental peace. Rot, 44 be thou pore as snow, chaste as Di st4A, thou shalt not escape calumny." There are districts and clines in this "free country," which are pro. scr ib e d In the view of certain persons, who minister to authority. The poor Labouring Manufacturers, who have been struggling for an addition to the miserable pittance on which their lives depend, whilst hundreds and thousands of State Sinecorists are wallowing in wealth and luzery upon the fruits of their labour, may return to their toil some employments, the unpitied slavery that knows no end but death, but they will still be accused of disaffection, and vilified as the enemies of public peace. The People in the manufacturing districts are still armed of systematic treason, end plots against the State, because it seems they have not gives ■p the opinion 'that a Reform is necessary in the Go. comment, and that no inconsiderable portion *of the miseries of the country is attributable to the abuses and corruptions that have destroyed the Constitution. The Courier of last night, in the very article which announces the return of the Manchester Spinners to their former habits, cries out that " the reign of dis order is not yet at an end," because, forsooth, a rob. tic Meeting was to be held on Monday at Stockport, to coositier about the best means of obtaining a full, fair, and free Representation of the People in Parliament. It is assumed that such a Meeting most be for par. poses of committing disorder, and the writer very sagely and logically concludes, that should those persons ap. pear at this Meeting who had been most active in promoting the turn out, it must afford a sufficient proof that the work.people had acted for the pur. poses of sedition ! The British nation is thus given to understand, that to hold a Public Meeting for the purpose of petitioning Parliament to amend the Representation, by restoring some of its original purity, Is a seditious and treasonable act! But this is not the full estent of the inferences made, and the very accurate information we have laid down upon Constitutional points by this friend of Nlinisters, 66 learned in the law, and the practice of the Con stitution," according to the present mode of adminis tering them. The Treasury scribe, after observing that one of the objects of the Meeting went° take mea sures for procuring the bail required for the individuals who have been arrested on charges of sedition, and also to defray the expellees of their trial, adds, " Where will the money come from ? Will the funds, publicly collected to support the refractory in their illegal demands, be applied to support them now against the law?" This is the first time we ever heard of its being against the law of Eng land, to endeavour to procure bail for persons ordered to be liberated upon bail, or to sub scribe for defraying the erpences of their 'trial.— It may be Merl in the opinion of some to cOmmi- aerate the situation of the labouring classes, or re echo the murmurs of the poor; but persons who are trained to work from xis years old, from five in the morning to eight and nine at night, are not liable to the charge of being inductile; and were the Ia( ',orate., of obedience to power and necessity to take their stand in an avenue leading to a factory, a little be. fore five o'clock, and observe the squalid appearance of the little infants and their parents taken from their bed at so early an boor, in all binds of weather ; were they to esamine the miserable pittance of food, chiefly composed of water-gruel and oat cake broke into it, a little salt, and some times coloured with a little milk, together with a few potatoes, and a bit of bacon for dinner ; we presume it would be impossible even for the sup. giorteis of this system of slavery to withhold their commiseration from its victims. There then the poor creatures are (and if a few minutes late, a quarter of a day is stopped in wages) Locked up until night in rooms heated above the hottest days we have had this summer, and at. lowed no time, except three•quarters of an hour at dinner in the whole day : whatever they eat at any other time must be as they ere at work., The negro slave in the %Vest Indies, if he works un• vier a scorching sun, has probably a little breeze of 'air sometimes to fan him: he has a space of ground, 'and time allowed to cultivate it. The English spin. tier slave has no enjoyment of the open atmos phere-and breezes of heaven. Locked op in factories eight or ten stories high, he has no relaxation till the ponderous engine-tops, and then he goes home to Bret refreshed 'for the nest day ; no time for sweet as sociation with his family; they ere all alike fatigued and 'ethaested. This is no over-drawo picture: it is literally and enfortunately too brae. We give in another column some particulars *of an awful and calamitous event which has occurred at Nottingham. It is to be hoped that it will operate as a powerful warning to those entrusted with the care of removing gunpowder from one place to olio- Otor. -.4011.-- The French Papers to the 28th tilt. have arrived. The health of the King permits him to transact busi. mess, and give audiences in his emus! way. The Electoral Colleges are summoned by a Royal Or dinance to assemble on days severally appointed be• tween the 20th and 26th of the present month. The Ordinance regulates the proceedings in the election of Members for the Chamber of Deputies, in the room of those whose seats are vacated conformably to that Article 0 the Charter which directs that a fifth part Tilt S'A'LESMAN of the Chamber of Deputies shall be renewed every i year. The number •f Deputies to be elected this year is 47. The accounts from Ais.la.ChapeHe, in these Papers, assert, that Prince METTERNICII has declared to several persons that the Congress will be formally occupied with nothing but the question respecting the evuustion of Fiance ; that other topics may be discussed in conversations, but will not be considered iu a diplomatic or formal way. We put no faith in this statement.-- We doubt not that many mean subterfuges . will be practised to keep the Public is ignorance of the busi• nest upon which this Assembly has met to deliberate; we know that the Diplomatists have not gone to Ais la•Chapelle merely to converse familiarly about any thing or every thing except the eveceation of France. It is evidently absurd to say that these potent Mo narchs would travel so far for the sole purpose of giv jog their formal assent to a measure which every one is well aware had been long since decided in their re spective Cabinets. We are well assured that every (motion of European and American policy will come before the review of this Congress, and that they will formally determine upon points of no little im ports/1m 'lO Ake iister.esta of attic country. Their principles Ind pursuits as already developed in their conduct,' bode no good to the cars of liberty and the British People; Lord C•strrxneetou is but a poor guardian of the interests of freedom and the British nation. lie has yet to learn how closely these I are connected. Thu Grand Duke MicitAxt. arrived in town yes• tertlay morning, shoot two o'clock, from New. market. After breakfast, soon after ten o'clock, his Imperial Ilistline's, attended by Sir WILLIAM CON• GREVE, left London for Waltham Abbey, to view the powder-mills, and bee the process of making gun. powder. The Philadelphia Aurora of the 26th of Augost, con t ra di c ts the report of a cruel fate having befallen Colonel M'Dottar.n, and eleven companions, oat the hanks of the Ofooooo, in May last. It says— '" The object of stories of this kind cannot be mistaken ; one fact, however, may serve to show the value of the whole; Colonel M‘DoNALo is at this monient in the United States, and his compa nions were, iu July, 11 t St. Fernando de Apure." It was reported yesterday, that Lord ELLENiso- ItOUati had actually tendered his resignation as Load Chief Justice of the Coert of King's Bench, and it was added, that his Lordship would be created an Earl almost immediately. The Roman Catholics of Ireland are about to as semble in General and County Meetings, for the pur pose of preparing Petitions to ['ornament for the to. tal repeal of all laws subjecting their Catholic coon. tryouts to civil dimahilities, in consequence of their saiitainip* certain religious opinions. Mgetc.at. LcClußE.—Yesterday, Mr. G !OBOE WARR,* Gentle Man of celebrity as an artist and musket genioa,,. entertained_ at Bunke, Rooms, Cornhilt, a select assemblage of amateurs with a new and highly instructive Lecture on the Science and Execution of Music. The novel manner in which Mr. WARE illustrated, by an unique set of appara tus, a variety of curious calculations and specimens of Time, Accent, Expression, Taste, &c., accompas hying himself ots the l'iauo.forte and Violin, were , e Tim! by the Compiny with every complimentary applause. It is Colonel Di GREGOR, •f the Insurgent ser• tics., not General WC:RI:con, as erroneously stated in the Morning Papers, who has arrived at M'Do nald's Hotel, accompanied by an officer of high rank. The Colonel has heels very active in the Insurgent cause.—(Dshlin Evening. Post ) The annuli thpences of Drury-lane Theatre are reduced by the economical measures adopted by the Sub• Committee, from 70,0001. to 40,0001., a sum below the lowest annual receipt ever experienced at that house. The names of the parties committed to Lancaster Castle, on a charge of being implicated in the late riots at Burnley are, J. Collinge, W. Bendy, T. Broughton, J. Simpson, Margarate Holgute, Alice Dugdole, e nd Elkn Slutlord. • The will of M ATTU EISP GREGORY T.Ewrs. author of " The Castle Spectre," " The Monk," and other literary works, has been proved. la his will he gives to Mrs. 11. JOHWSTON, late of the Theatre Royal Covent-garden, the sum of 1001., to purchase some trinket or other ornament to be worn on her neck in remembrance of him : to the Right Boit. Lord ilou.Atin his book of caricatures: personal property within the province of Catterbery Sworn under 60,0001. M A DST() NE, SEPT. 9.B.—We believe the hop-pick ing is now quite finished in this neighbourhood, and sho prndoce has far eiceeded the most tattgoine et ' 'Potations of the elanters. Os one acre at Limos', there was grown the amazing quantity of 14 bags, a elecomstance, we think, onparalleled. Our market on Thurs Jay was upon the whole tolerably brisk, and man y sales were effected ; the prices were—pockets from 71. to 81., and bags 61. to 71. 7s. The typhus fever is making rapid progress in the town of Paisley and suburbs, there being at present not less than 104 patients of that disorder under the charge of the Medical Gentlemen of the Dispensary and House of Recovery ; besides whom, there are many others who do not make application for the be nefit of that Institution. On the 17th instant, John Forster, of Berwick, was tried at the Circuit Court of Justiciary, at Jed burgh, for illegally, and clandestinely solemnizing Marriages at Larnherton Toll-bar, and was sentenced td be banished from Scotland for life; but all this does not stop him, for he has begun his old trade again, and means to carry it on on the rivet Tweed in a boat, near Paston, ezactly on the March be tween England and Scotland. On Sunday last he married two couple. As there is hothing stationary In this world, we must not be surprised to hear that Milk has risen— it was scarcely possible for London Milk to be lowered. The distemper had got so completely into the racing stables at Doncaster, that almost every horse went home with the disorder. CONDITION or THE LABOURING CLASSES. TO THE F.DITOK OF THE STATESMAN., Ssi,—ln most of the Daily Papers, the conilition of the Labouring Poor has been grossly misrepresent: ed; bet this is only what is to be expected from thole , whose trade it is to traduce and deceive. They re. present them as a " set of factious and discontented fellows, who are always complaining, and never sa tisfied ; who are as well off as they deserve to be."-tetj Should the poor meet to deemed an amelioration • their condition, and to adopt measures for their pro tection against the desirettive and unprincipled roads made to monopoly, and every system of dr; ganized oppression, then these advocates for RO ligion and Social Order say, 66 it is hum:Sully to coerce them by military force ;" and, as to wages, 66 they manage to subsist upon what they nowitet, end if they bad more they would eat it and drink it." These sort of remarks betray a dirk and un principled policy, and excite only disgust In every feeling mind. The condition of the Labouring Cleaves in the manufacturing districts beggars de- 1 scription. They are deprived of admen every IC constodation thin can render life tolerable or se core; their utmost industry scarcely enables them to support existence; the women and children hear with an intolerable weight upon the efforts of the men ; so that • large family among the industrious poor is become proverbial, for an uncommon degree of misery and wretchedness.— Let any one who is possessed of the least portion of humanity, view the situation of the Labouring Classes in our large manufacturing towns, it matters not where, whether at Manchester, Leeds, Mac clesfield, Sheffield, or Birmingham, it is still the same : be will see them gasping under endless taxes and poverty, and all to support a wanton and lux urious Oligarchy ; their children, too, as soon as they are able to run, most work at a severe and ilk some task, fourteen at:J sixteen hours each day— mast be forced out of bed before day-light, not be cause they have had rest enough, but that they are compelled to go to work. Their health is miserably impaired, and their lives cat short, by being con fined in the crowded rooms and heated atmospheres of the large factories, and without the least hope of be ing delivered from such a state of intolerable slavery. The Masters in Manchester, in proportion to the Workmen, are calculated at about one to three or four hunched, and in many places less ; being an few ia number, they can combine with facility, and there fore are able to force the workmen into submission to whatever terms they think proper to dictate. The manufacturer can subsist upon his property for years, hut few of the workmen can subsist one month without employ went. The laws, in cases of combina tions, if they were to have any bias at all, ought to be.riii the side of the poor, not of the rich, who bare every advantage. We have no Acts of Parliament against combinations to lover the prices of labour, but many against combining to raise it. Some time back the Master Spinners mutually bound them. selves, under a penolly, to the observance of certain articles, the first of which wail, that they would bear equally any etpence they might incur by resisting their workmin on account of wages or otherwise; also, that no master should employ a journeyman without first consulting his last emoloyer, and ascer taining the cause of his discharge. With these sort of examples of lawful comilinations before them, are not the workmen justified in associating to obtain a better coropeosation for their labour? The present system of usage, by driving them into pauperism, destroys all self-dependence and energy of character—it makes them listless awl abject slaves, or else renders them sullen, gloomy, and discontente6 ; or, as rene negade Souxuzz said, 66 One half Luddite, and the other half La;zcroni." The increase of crimes and capital punishments, as might be expected, has been commensurate with the increase of poverty—for them 64 Life has no charms, and death no terrors." It will be recollected by many, that Manchester and Birmingham were once the theatres of Church and King mobs ; they at that time little dreamt what sort of • reverse an adherence to the system they were so riotously defending,would doom them to experience. These towns, before capital had merged into the bands of one order of men, and when Ell Manufactures were performed by in-door labour, Were in a thriv ing condition; at that time a mechatiio could, with the assistance of his wife, by moderate labour, fain his flimily in a state of domestic comfort. Af ter the War commenced, in the same ratio that taxes end the prices of provisions increased (or to speak correctly, as paper money became depreciated), the price of labour decreased. The itstrodettiou of large apitinihg-machinea todk Pearly all the in-door labour from the women employed in cotton spinniotr, which, with the introduction of machinery genetrally,stld the erection of large factories, nearly annihilated the far more useful class of Men—the small manufaelarers —and conttibuted altogether to raise the Notts (tales from one million to twelve. It is tree thgt the ca pitalist and the overgrown manufacturer have 'perished ; but what of that ? Elroy step they rdse in affluence, precipitated the labouring Class one Step lower into poverty. A day's common labour in !hal lime of Queen ELIZASETH would earn upwarda of six quartern loaves ; about thb period of the Revolei.• lion, when commerci had Increased; but was coma paratitely low to what it is at present, a day's com mon labour would earn five'nuartern loaves; at the commencement Of the last war it would earn upwards of three quartern loaves; but now it will not vain two, and Sometimes not one goartern loaf ; thus the true criterion of the real prosperity of a State, that is, of the great Majority of the People of a Stale, is Simply the quantity of the wens of esistesca a day's labour will procure; and by this plain•but in fallible criterion may the comparative prosperity. of any nation be truly estimated. its Franco, tbs• la. boorer can obtain - -third* the lime of c'ketiptes by one-half , I Os. per day, most of the . ~.._ . %cc.. lion is beginning to Bow; and coo it be etpeeted that the industrious meibanic, if he has the mbabs of espipistg, will stay Where— " Be We gro'sonisi ;rive, or bran, He toast only jie a ante; Lotte, loot li‘Sour, little rest; Still to toll to be pppleted rain'd b.} ',axes of his sure. ionliled dm for heihg poor;" anti deiote bis industry to the support of i WOrti-iiet systeei, whith is only preserved in itepreient rotten elite by a Standing Army and an immense Tatalion, whilst new Constitutions utiiaxed, with every advan tage of climate ; and ell the irresir ible charms of free dom, shill invite him to emigrate. Rae* the Condi tion of the slaves in Jamaica and other Britiih cola ohlis is enviable to that of the LabOiring Poor in the ma miracle ring districts-4thi slave works but lfi hours each day, and his master provides him with necessary food and clothes, after which he is et liberty CO liork for himself, oi spend his time as he thinks proper. To the slave is allowed a mind puition of land (generally about so sere), which be cultivetei for himself; stud on Saturdays they are allowed to hold a markets to which they bring their different prodec tines for kale, thi profit* of Which they haie for themselves. Oa Sundays there it no work done on the pleffitatioil. It is not onfietjeeitt that a stile wilt save from one to four hundred delliri; hod ii cafle. .ble of purchasing. his freedom if he pleases Their . . masters find it from etperienellt the best pollcy'to pro. sent insurrections to treat theei skeet, and reader their situations comfortable ; an esseep4 which t would •recommend to the attention of the tense-holders of Manchester and elsewhere. Thus the Wave, with bet hoirs' Move .each day, obtains food and clothing, Whilst the weaver work. from fourteen to si*tveu, and oftea seven days per week, fur what is barely soincient to keep soul sod body together; anti that ton at an employment st which no rain, conlistently with hie health, ought to work more than ten or twelve hart at the utmost. Indeed, during the Debates on the abolition of the Slave Trade, it frequently escaped the Honourable Members, shit " they (the slaves) were better oil then the lower classes in Ungland!!" But it may perhaps be said, that the slave had nt.illsor physical nor civil liberty, nor has the bourer or mechanic in any thing essential. He is prohibited by law from emigrating ; sud he cannot remove with any chance of bettering his condition, ad the sante wages are given, and the same policy pir sued throughout the trade, wherever situated. His rights ate circumscribed to the town, add sometimes to the parish of his birth. He it not allowed to ob tain a settlement, and exercise bit ludustry, In any but io that to which he belongs. If he attempts to settle in any of those charterted otcluopelies, the Corporate towns, - he is hunted out as en alien (un less he purchases his freedom). To remove a nun who has committed no misdemeanour front the parish where he (theses to settle, is an evident tiolatiou of natural liberty and justice. As Parliament is about to meet, instead of spilt fruitlessly petitioning the lionourable,gouhe, I would advice them to assemble of-d:rig Mod peaceably, and petition,and humbly pray the• PRINCE RECENT, that his Keys' will, in Ida clemency, gradual!? condescend to exercise. his Kays! influence With the Legislature to exalt: them to the condition of the slaves, to which, as free-barn Eitglilitaten, they humbly presume they ate entitled. Suck a modeof petitioning would certainly be leas offensive. and it is to be hoped not less elfectivi - , than the diode adopted by their ancestors, who, in the days of ildmenargi petitioned King CHARLES with the sword in one hand and. the petition IA the other.-4 let sir, he. Stamford-bill, Sept. YB. F. SPORTING INTR. LLIGRNVS. NEWMARKET FIRST OCTOKNR MEETING, 161& WEDNESDAY. ben': 90. One-third of it 611110.6106 M Of 95as each; fel* 9;qr aid calls/ 15-t• 911). and 814. 61b. A: F. What Ode IMe peopt , rty rif ialbseribere. Lord CL fl. (nvebdith'i brown colt Abair+) .s Mr. Tlturariit's ebemait roll Sinl- Lurd Stowell's hay illly by Phantom • 3 11 to S ngst Allegro. 610 5 apt gam. Fifty Color air, free for any how, fbc. foi 4=yr old. PO 'carry 7st. 4lb. 5-) r olds, Sot. bib. 6-) r olds, fist. I lib. add aged, Lt. 11. C. Duhe of Cr ,fion'4 chemist 'filly Trictrac. 4-yn old Mr. Wyoulltrii's pey horse Skim, s:yrb old Lord I)arlioginie. bay mare Clutrelia, a-yri nl4 - 3 sto Y apt Trictrac. 610 4 nest Skew. ito 2 opt Castralla. - I % NAVAL INTELLIGENCS. DEAL, SEPT. 30.--.:•Came down from AI Riser; lest evening, and sailed, the Spanish Patriot, Dar.. rell, for Cadiz ; and Spectator, Richordsod, for Demo.. rara.—Arrived the Punter schooner, frdm s ertiite ; Dorothea, Solimid, from Memel, for Plymouth ; tiosattna, Proctor, from Ditto for Topsham; G. Grenfield, Kate, from Petersburg's for Dotter; end reinain in'the Downs. ToRnAT, Steer. c29.—Ssited the Dotwatd.boUlad vessels that were lying in this bay. FA LmouTii. SEPT. 2/I.—Arrived thO Duke or Marlborough packet; with a Mail, item Lisbon, let eight days.—Sailed the Deka Of Kent packet, and Prince Ernest packet, for Lisbon ; Lord dhester. field packet, for Gibraltar and Malts ; Princ.l** Elizabeth picket for the Leward Istinds •, and the Noctnn packet, for the Brazils ; all With Mails. PENzANCE, SEPT. tll.-;- Arrived the Happy He. torn, from London; tad Hind cutter; fr6iN a druite.—Sallee) the Earl of Selkirk., Walker ; for Newfoundland ; Lord Collingwood, for Mo. laga ; and Hind cotter, on is oroize. Lir zit poOp,. SEPt. 29.—Tho James, fjPetak free St. Lucia for this port, wet boarded by Ore pilot. boats on Sunday morning last. YAessoine, SzPr. 30..--The John, Rennie. Mee. ter, mentioned yesterday es being oo the CRP Send, is got off, end run on owe beach this isoreing, with the intention n'getiing olat the (Silo. HAKWIcit,-iiipT. tae Print. of Orange roket, with Mails, &c. for ; and Bosafoy pork's, with do. for Coshaven. R,AeLoGATT, SepT• 36.---Come in the Uinta% Pat. 11110fspite, lot on to Cork, for shelter. ion be truly estimated. lu France, tile• la- 14.00. 1 4 4 9 "moon " Can obtain 3v. per day by working two-thirds 1 4, l d of so English labourer; provisioas Cheaper.: few daye sieve A. Warsos mrd J. Mann, goers half; and in America the mechanic can obtain •rWrs, •were unfortunately kilted by the explosion et day, and provisions one-balf the price. From a stomp, while chassis's it, la the lateaded gravies the manefactarios towns the tide et ealigto dock. at the North ktorboar of Peterhead. _• , • . - • • ti r - j 7 r _,-a,.~