The Statesman. — London, England, 1812-10-19 00:00:00

r • • 1 1 ) THE STATESMAN. Illetilmetsess Which would not only have been destructive to the our movements have hitherto been direethd to gua army, but would have reduced Moscow to ashes. In l rantee Moscow, the first capital.—May She all Om this truly lamentable situation, and after consulting i nipotent bless our undertaking I—Such shag= be the my Generals, amongst whom there were some of a prayer of all the Children of Russia. different opinion, I was compelled to let the enemy I beg you, Count, to assure all the inhabitants of enter Moscow, out of which. all the valuables, the ;.''Aloecow,„ by my gscy hairs,. that hitherto w e base stores in the arsenals, and almost all other property, ! never had a single affair with the enemy's advanced imperial or private, were previously conveyed, and guard, in which our troops have not had the advan scarcely a single inhabitant remained in the town. tuge ; and that if there has not been a grand battle, —I take the liberty most humbly to represent to that has depended upon my command in chief.— your Majesty, that the entrance of the enemy Prom the . Monastery or Kobuisk..w, Aug. 21 (B.•pt. 121. Oct. 12). .into Moscow is not yet the annihilation of the Empire. —I am making a movement with my army _towards the Tonla road. This will enable to keep open my communications with the neigh bouring Governments. Any other measure would bate prevented this, and also have separated them from the armies of Torinazow and of the capital Tschichagow. I must confess that the abandonment of the capital is very hard; but considering the ad vantages which may accrue to us from it, and parti cularly the preservation of our armies, it is no longer to be lamented; and I now proceed to oc cupy, with my forces, a line, by which I shall com mand the roads leading to Toula and Kalouga, annoy the whole line of the enemy extending from Smo leasko to Moscow, and be enabled to cut off all re inforccmcnN.-; marching to join him from the rear. — By thus occupying the attention of the enemy, 1 hope to cemuel him to leave Moscow, and to change his whole line of operations. " The General \Vinzingerode had received orders from me to post himself on the Twer road, and to detach a regiment of Cossacks on that to Jaroslaw, to protect the inhabitants from being molested by small bodies of the enemy. I am at no great distance from Moscow, and as soon as I have collected my troops, 1 can with confidence await the approach of the enemy. As long as the army of your Imperial Majesty is entire, and, animated with its known I courage and zeal, the loss of Moscow is not yet the loss of the Empire. For the rest, your Majesty may be assured that this event is the necessary consel quence of the loss of Smolensko." • The St. Petersbargh Gazette, of Sept. 6, contains a dispatch from General Essen, Governor of Riga, wherein he details the late successful sorties of the garrison, which have been already published. His dispatch concludCs thus : Tite French have hitherto confined themselves to a strict blockade of this fortress ; but though their heavy artillery is arrived at Mittau, they do not make preparations to commence the siege in form. At present they have actually fortified the positions they bold, as if they were afraid of being attacked ; or rather, as if we were the besiegers, and they the besieged. They expect to derive facilities in their approaches to this place from the cold weather; but, . as I am informed that their troops already complain of the hardships they endure, they will he retained with difficulty in the depth of winter in so arduous a duty. 46 The Prussian Officers whom I have made pri- Boners tell me, that they are restrained from quitting the service by the threats that their families would be imprisoned, their property confiscated, and them selves outlawed. Both Officers and men have like wise long arrears cf pay, which are withheld to bind them to the service. " I have rendered this fortress as defensible is time and circumstances would admit, and am determined! to defend it to the utmost of my power. With the blessing of God, the enemy shall never obtain pos session of it, but find a grave beneath its walls. • " I cannot conclude without bearing testimony to the conduct of the English naval Officers and sea men, our brave Allies; they* have performed the most essential services to his Imperial Majesty in this quarter. Their courage prompts them to undertake the most hazardous enterprises, which their skill and foresight enables them to execute with success. In every danger they are foremost, and in every diffi culty capable of counselling. 1 have derived great assistance from them. " Riga, Sept. 6. Ps els, OCT. 13.—Private letters from Moscow of the 25th of September, contain fresh details, the authenticity of which we will guarantee, respecting the catastrophe which happened in that city, and which we hasten to publish, at a moment when every thing that conies from the North excites the greatest interest. We could hardly believe that the burning of Mosc-sw was the result of the first movement of despair, when the impossibility of arresting the march of the French army forced the Russians to abandon their ancient capital. That idea was so natural, that many persons had adopted it ; and although it cannot justify the conduct of the Governor Rostopchin, it a little lessens the horror which the frightful image of an immense city, given up to the flames by those hands who ought to have protected it, naturally in spires. Now that certain facts, which admit of no doubt, prove that this fire has been before hand con ceived, that the means of the destruction was leisure ly combined, 17 deliberate reflection, astordsitment and indignation know no bounds. Never was a de structive combination better combined. The agents of Rostopchin, that is to say, 5000 banditti to whom he had opened the prison doors, with torches in their hands proceeded to the different parts of the city, to set fire to the houses ; and to render the fire more de structive, they observed from what side the wind i blew, to burn all the buildings to windward. In many houses were found all sorts of combustibles, I which when discovered our soldiers found impossible Ito extinguish. At the moment the soldiers made this i discovery, they feared some might have been placed in the Kremlin, but the most minute researches proved the contrary. It appears that in their blind ob. stinacy the enemy thought they could maintain them selves for some time in that fortress, from which a few cannon shot were sufficient to drive them. It was ' the prompt arrival of our troops, which saved the Kremlin. All these facts explain how the fire began in build. ings and uninhabited houses. The superb bulking of the Bank was almost entirely consumed 'before the iron gates could be penetrated and an entrance made. What surpasses all belief is, that when the • French presented themselves to arrest the progress of the flames, a single engine could not be found. The firemen had even been obliged to quit this unfortu nate city, the inevitable destruction of which was calculated with a sang froid which makes humanity shudder. • There now remains to us the painful task of re lating a trait of barbarity with which we could have dispensed, were it not necessary that Europe should know the characterand tolleinefe of that peoperwho I have often been represented as civilized. A wretched man, named Wertigen, had been imprisoned six 'months, for having written that within six months I the Emperor of the French would be in Moscow. — lUpon the first news of the arrival of the French, the Governor-General brought forth the prisoner, and e ithout any judicial form had him executed. Ros topchin took a horrible pleasure in insulting this un fortunate, " Thou hut announced," said he to him, " that the Emperor of the French would come to Mos i cow, if he comes, you shall not see him.":--By a I retitle:limit of cruelty, Rostopchin sent for the father of the s ictim, to be a witness of his punishment. For tunately he had fled. After reading these horrible details, which will serve to form the opinion of all Europe respecting ' the events which have just passed at Moscow, and when we reflect upon the efforts made by the French army, under the eyes of the Emperor, to save Mos cow from total detruction, very opposite sentiments I will be felt, and one will be convinced that true courage is always accompanied by clemency and !generosity. Our brave men will relax from their fatigues.— j They have found provisions for several months. They, without doubt, have not the same resources as ; if they were eantenecl near a city of the first order, I but what remains of Moscow / is , at least / as large as Brussels, and an exact idea of their situation may be formed, by supposing, that the general head ,quarters are iu the latter town, and the troops can toned in the neighbourhood. Since it is evident from every thing that bas passed for some years that the ambitious projects of the lltus sian Government, seconded by England, must ne. cessarily brine about a war between France and Rus sia—there is •no Frenchman, who, considering his country, or children's interest, that ought not to congratulate himself that it has broken out under existing circumstances. Is it not fortunate for France and Europe that their destinies are confided to the greatest Captain of the age ; to the hero whose'pra deuce equals his activity, who abandons nothing to chance, overcomes all obstacles, and seems by his genius to enchain fcirtune and command events.— • (Journal de Paris, Oct. 13.) •' " VON ESSEN"' TREATY EETWEE#I RUSSIA AND TURKEY. The following are the principal of the Sixteen Ar ticles of the Treaty of Pcace, concluded between Russia and the Sublime Porte:— Art. 1. There shall he peace and friendship between the two Powers, and both the:oats-acting parties shall use every eilort to avoid every thing that may occasion hostilities betweett their subjects. Art. A. Full and perfect amnesty shall he granted to the sub jean of both parties who have taken part in the operations of the war against the interest of their mutual Sovereigns. • • • -• Art. 3. All former Treaties shall remain in forte ' with the ex ception of such Articles which, by this present Treaty, lia!re undergone scone alteration. Art. 4. According to the first trticle of the Preliminuries, it Is agreed that the rivet Prods, from its cntmse into Moldavia until its junction with the Danube, and the left hank of the Da nube frous such junction o the mouth of the Kili, and from thence to the se% shall form the boonslarios of the two empires ; the mouth of the said river being far the common use of both. The small islands which, previous to the war, were uninhabited, lying ;war to the left hank of the Danube, shall remain uuin bahited ; nor shall any fortifications be erected on the said islands. Ou the other hand, the Ottoman Porte relinquishes to Russia all provinces, fortress:•s. towns, &c. Ding on the left hank of the Proth, and the mid-channel of the said river shall be the bountlary be ween the two empires. The merchant vessels of both nations may navigate the whole course of the Danube ; but the Russian ships of war must conic no farther than the entr ance of tile Prod). Art. 5. His imperial Russian Majesty, on the other hand, re- ! stores to the Ottoman Porte the territory of Moldavia, on the right bank of the Prnth, as likewise the Greater and Lesser Wallachia. The inhabitants of these provinces shalt be freed from all contributions for the space of two years, and those shall be fixed according to the present largeness of blohlavits. Art. 6. The'buundaries on the side of Asia shall be fixed ex actly as they were before the war broke out. dirt. 7. The blabometan inhabitants in the provinces ceded to Rossia,as likewise the natives of other parts who, in conse quence of the war. are now in Russia, may return with their property out of Russia, within the space of 18 months, to Tur key. In like mintier, the Christians belonging hi the countries tow ceded to Russia, and who are at present in Turkey, may, without any molestation, return to Roma. Art. 8. The Ottoman Porte grants a pardon and general am- Deity to the tilervians, who shall in uo wise or wane he molested for their past actions. The fortresses lately erected in their eoantry shalt he demolished as being unnecessary, and the lime Porte will put garrison s i n t o the ancient fortified places. But that soar garrisons Shall not infrioge any of the rights belong ing to the *mien people the Sublime Porte will for such purpose adopt, in concert with the Serviaa nation,such measures as may he is for their security. Th e P or t e grants to the bervian nation t e same advanta g es as are en j o y e d by her siihjecs of the islands la the Archipelago, a n d o f the other districts ; anti causes it to partake of the effects of bee t city, by permitting it to have. be sole managivocat of its imeensal concerns, by fixing the mate of contribotiOns which it will receive from its own bands ; and, ti wily, will regulate all these matters conjointly, and in CAUCIif rellee with the Servian nistioo. Art. 9. Alt printers of war, whether of the male or female oes, shall he liberated oil both sides without reserve. Art. 10. All &Man &Releases& of the sukocts of both par ties, which base been pet of on account of the war, shall not be GOTTENBURGII MAIL. REPORT Or THE GENERAL-IN-CIIIEF RUTUSOW, TO H! IMPERIAL MAJESTY, PROM THE VILLAGE EMILIA, DATED sErr. 4 (16). After the sanguinary, though victorious, battle fought by your Majesty's troops on tbi 46th ult. (September 7), I was obliged to leave my position near Borodino, for reasons of which I have already had the honour to inform your Majesty. After that battle the armies mere much weakened. Under such circumstancetwe approached Moscow, having daily much fighting with the enemy's advanced guard.— The reinforcements which I hoped to meet with had not yet arrived. The enemy formed two new co. lumns, one on the Borowsk, and the other in the Zwettigo roads, with the view of actiog 'Wiest my reserve near 1114 sow. In consequence er Nita, I could not risk 'another battle; thip limo of aahonditafintecrutrh the ehepunishment Governo r M o l f have pm ) i e s i s::: b h a i i t iir l s l izn,i mati o n , prohibit i n g --"wlhtehopeaisrrktaiuprrle. j o i:t f ,ariv a e ny itrih o :li f iai c h ah i r s: s \ II 1,1 shall j a e n s d ty' i s he subjects ,ronfisatthinonse of be applied to the relief of such of the a n; h ivne a m v t have ee rC o u n cils suffered T h e d i u loa r during n ot : eh e the n American r ln . ' o ' un l:xe m. cutire until the There is little probability of any-favouthraebwleacrliaanxeee; m w e i e ll t be ing th of en Co d og isc r u e s s sed s, w : h a ic n h d i i s t fi w re il d i f b o e r s th ee e n 2d w o h f e THE EPEROR EPEROR ALEXANDER'S ADDRESS. feay the expenees of carrying on a burdensome w Nti a ioee r .r . "FUR THE INFORMATION OF tIfE PUBLIC.. the people will hear direct taxation, in order to d[" By order of hi. Imperial Majesty.] 44 It is with a heavy heart we are compelled to in- tray OF A LETTE R , DATED nOsTON, SEPT. 12. form every son of the country, that the enemy entered news of the repeal of the British Orders in Council Moscow on the 3d (15th) of Sept. The glory of the , a . • Russian Empire, however, is not thereby tarnished. at is generally bel i eved in this country, that the - has greatly embarrassed our Executive ; who neither —On the contrary, every individual is inspired with fresh courage, firmness, and hope, that all the evils exnected . nor washed for such a concession; and who meditated against us by our enemies, will eventually , al ; - certain . such farther concessions as might be deemed injurious fall upon their own heads. The enemy bas not be ly indisposed to accommodation, eithout to your maritime come master of Moscow, by overceming t or weaken- the of the elections, they deem it prudent t o f e i gn great ing our forces; the Commander.in.Chief, by the ad- rights. At the same time, on account ! moderation, and hold out exp e ct a ti ons o f peace, w hi ch vice of a Council of War, has found it expedient to re. tire at a moment of necessity, in order by the best and are not likely to be realized. The orga n o f th e G o . vernment, the National lntelligencer, after observ. most effectual means to turn the transient triumph of , lng a profound silence for so m e ti m e on the subj ect the euemy to his inevitable ruin. However painful of the repeal of the Orders, mak e s, i n a l a t e number it may be to Russians, to hear that the original capi. ' o f the following flimsy and partial remarks, which ha ve tat of the Empire is in the hands of the enemy their country, yet it is consolatory to reflect that he been copied in some of the federal p r i n t s: — is possessed merely of bare walls, containing within i t - rTithe British Governme n t re p ea l th e i r d ecrees up om THE NATIONAL INTELLTGENCEE, SEPT. .e.] on their circuit neither istbabitants nor provisions. Th* • -i condition the intercourse between the tw o coun t r i es haughty conqueror imagined that on his entrance int 6 Moscow he would become the arbiter of the whole is restored. Should our Administ ra ti on a gree t o thi s Russian Empire, when he might prescribe to it such . the Immediate and inevitable co n se qu e n c e wou ld b e , a peace as he should think proper; but he is de- the withdrawal by France of the decree r ep ea li ng ceived in those of' Berlin and Milan, and their re.establish his expectations : he will neither have ac- , quired the power of dictating, nor the means of sub ! meat in full force on account o f the conside r ati on f or sistence. The assembled and daily increasing forces the repeal failing to exist. This would leave us ex. of the districts of Moscow, will not neglect to actly where we were four or five years ago, and the c ,block up every avenue, and to destroy such parties ceremonies of retaliation would be gone over again. It is plain therefore, that the repeal is an Lumen. i as may be detached for the purpose of collecting 9 ing change of the game, which, without producing provisions ; until the enemy shall perceive that his hopes of astonishing the world by the capture of Mos- permanent peace with England, unless she would cow were vain, and lie be compelled to open a passage disavow the present system of blockade, of seaach fur himself by force. and impressment, would plunge us into 4 war with " His situation is as follows :—He entered Russia France." with 300,000 men, the principal part consisting of 1 natives of different kingdo:ns, serving and obeying A CHALLENGE, him, not from free will,—not in the defence of their " A passenger in the brig Lyon from Havannah to respective countries,—but solely from terror. The New York, captured by the frigate Southampton, Sir half of this multifarious army has been destroyed, James Yeo, Commander, is requested by Sir Jame; partly by our brave troops, partly by desertion, and Yeo, to present his compliments to Captain Porter, partly by hunger and sickness : with the remainder Commander of the American frigate Essex, would he is come to Moscow. His audacious irruption, be glad to have a tele-a4ele any where between the not only into the very heart of Russia, bat into its Capes of Delaware and the Havatinah,a hen he woad ; ancient capital, will, without doubt 9 gratify his am- have the pleasure to break his own sword over his bition, and give him cause of boasting; but the clamed head and put him down forward in irons." I character of that measure must be determined by its ' result. I UT. REPLY QF THE TRUE AMERICAN TAR. " He has not entered a country where every step We stop the press to insert the following just re. he takes inspires all with terror, and bends both the ceised:-.Prot;. .. troops and the inhabitants to his feet. Russia is an, I . 46 his compliments to Sir James Yee, accustomed to subjection, and will lot staffer her E ssex, p resents . Captain Porter, of the United States (rip% oath laws, religion, freedom, and property t o b e ens. commanding pled upon : she will defend them to the last drop of eliffiflorandr=his lite invite. ts with pleasure po _ _ Ms Britannic M ajesty ! . frigate .S us u to s r , Captain vorter bet blood. Riffled* the general seed against the , thena enemy clearly evinces hew power f u ll y our m o re i s . would prefer metier neer the Delaware, where Cap. guarded by the undaunted spirit of its sons. Thus, tam P. Pled ges his honour to Sir 'James, that op no one des its • nor is this a time to despair, other American reseed shall interrupt their tete.a.tete. pa ; when every class of the empire is inspired with " The fPet may be known by a flag bk‘tri"g the courage and firmness,—when the enemy with the re- mo t toes FREE. TRALIE AND SAILORS' nprITS. mainder of his daily increasing forces, at a distance 4 t And, when that is struck to the 4outhampton 2 from home, in the midst of a numerous people, is Ca pta i n „ rorter will deeerte the treatment promised surrounded by our armies, one of which stands be- b y Sir James." fore him, and the other three are endeavouring to september 18, 1812., cut off his retreat, and to prevent him from receiv ing any fresh re.inforcements,—when Spain has not only thrown off his yoke, but also threatens to in. vade his territories,—when the greatest part of Europe (exhausted and enslaved by him), serving him involuntarily, is anxiously and impatiently awaiting the moment when she shall tear herself from his heavy and insupportable chains, —when his own country sees no end to the torrents of its blood shed for his ambition. " In the present disastrous state of human af fairs, will not that country acquire eternal fame, 'which, after encountering all the inevitable desola tions of war, shall at last, by its patience and intre pidity, succeed in procuring an equitable and per manent peace, not only for itself, but also for other Powers; nay, even for those who are unwillingly fighting against us ? It is gratifying and natural for i a generous nation to render good for evil. , " Almighty God ! turn thy merciful eye to thy ' 1 supplicating Russian church. Vouchsafe courage and patience to thy people struggling in a just caese, so that they may thereby overcome the enemy ; and in saving themselves, may also defend the freedom of Kings and cations." , r throw . u p but, on the contrary, shall, after conclusion of the p eac e, be again exurniord and decided according total". Art. 11. The Ruxsian troops shall quit the pmvinces,fortremes, and tohns restored, within three months from the day of the ra tification of the Treaty ; nnd, until the expiration of that term, s h a ll, as hitherto, be supplied w ith every thing neeeitiary. Art. 12. Bulb the high-contending Powerx premise to keep 11w commercial treaties in force. Art. IS. The Ottoman Porte promises her mediation with the Persian Power far restoration of Peace with Russia. Art. 14. Any acts of hostility which mar have happened, aficr exchanging tbe ratification, shall be considered as not having taken place. To nix EDITOR or TIIE syerßsmei47. Sta.—ln your paper of Tharsday lan, you hays given an account of the Carriage of Lo'd Scrvom be ing thrown over, broke, &c. this account has doubt. less been sent you by some evil-disposed person, for the purpose of making you believe his Lcodanip is disrespected in this town ; but, Sir, you mns rely no such transaction took place ; the nch'e Lord has not sported his fonr-inThand since theelec:ion commenced; heints been too busily employed canvassing for Ms friends BROUGHAW and CREEVEY,—and is too much respected here (to be hurt in person or property) by every well-wisher of his country. The election has closed ; CANNING and Gascovis are returned ; the; I were chaired this day ; every countenance was over ' spread with gloom ; every heart sicker . d at the sight ; not a joyous shout was heard (except from the persons who were hired to guard them, from the insults of an enraged populace). The cars in which they rode were pelted with mud, &c. for, Sir, it is an absolute Pict, that then mere forced to give them their votes, many gave them with tears in their eyes, and • cursed them to their faces. The corporation of this town is more corrupt, if possible, than that of Lon don, and can command a majority. I am, Sir, your's very respectfully, Livetpeel, 0ce.111,1811. T. P. _ __ • The Liverpooilifercury, of Friday last, in a Se. cond Edition, states, that the election may be con• sidered as terminated, Mr. Brougham hiving jot taken leave of his friends in a most impressive and eloquent speech. The poll, however, continues open, as there are yet some independent freemen who seem determined to vote at the bar of Brougham sad Creevey. Mr. Brougham and Mr. Creevev, in retiring from the hustings, were highly complimented by their op. ponents on their open and honourable conduct daring the election; and it was intended by the Committee of those Gentlemen to have closed the poll immedi• ately. However, as some circumstance% hare Ono transpired, which warrant doubts of the candour el Mr. Canning and the General, it has bee., defer' mined, to keep the poll open by every legal (Desalt long as possible. Float close of the poll dmong . tin I prisegbes - Gasmen - >t Creels, . 1199 108 - . AMERICA. The campaign in Upper Canada closed with the surrender of General Hull's army ; but, according to letters from St. John's, that en the banks of the St. Lawrence was only on the point of commencing. The Americans seem desirous of retrieving their late disaster in Upper Canada. EXTRACT OP A LETTER !ROM ST. JOICS'II I OP SEPT. it. " intelligence has been received from Quebec, that the American General, Dearborn, who his for nearly three months past been assembling a -very large military force at Albany, the equipment of which had been greatly retarded, is about to com mence operations, and endeavour to efface the dil -1 grace the arms of the United States had sustained. army was estimated at 30,000 men. He was ex pected to advance on the 16th inst. To oppose him all the disposable regular and militia force had been marched from Quebec and Montreal, and conveyed across the St. Lawrence to the British lines. Gene ral Pettit commanded on the lines. The Indians, elated by their success in Upper Canada, have of fered to furnish an auxiliary force of 3,000 men." The greatest' harmony is said to prevail between the Governor and the Legislature of Canada. All the bills providing fir the safety of the colony were pasted with the"otmost dispatch and uoaninsitr.— The Legislator! Iwo stet only granted 12,0001. °early, to defray 'he impinge of 2000 ballotted ml (one half 'or idiom aro always to be en duty), _ode provided, " that, la. ease of invasion, but , I