The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1807-08-17 00:00:00

-.,. ich vary from 36 . .. to 3! s giving a mean price 335. 61. it appears evident, th.t the Planters must eve cultivated their estates at a loss. The interest which has bees stated to your Com mittee as what ihnuld be the fair profit upon a capi tal of such a nature as that of a Sugar Estate, con. silting not merely of land and Negroes, but of build lags o great exteat and cost, necessary for the car rying on of such a manufaaure, and subjeß to vari• ous and peculiar risks and vicissitudes. is not less than lil per cent. During the period of prosperity previous to 1800, i: is stated, that h general the profits d.d not exceed that sum ; cud that. kern that period. they have gradually dim.nished to el and I l per cent, till at t%bhee present moment, there is no return of interest whatever. It may ps be right so notice one exception, namely, ora r n ba estate most favourably eilagossuinced in every raspy& where the profits are stated to have amounted, during the four years 1795, 1796. 1797. aid 17:01,, to It per cent.; but they appear also to have le:lined ever since ; in 1602, 1103, and Itloa. to haeoheen reduced to about ti per cent. end in 11105. to about 9 per cent. and subsequently to have warred a still further reduCtion. In tr ia r i u te r r seof their investigation of the situation of PM a, your Committee thought it right to ascertain whether it might not be in their own power, in many instances, to remedy the evils of their situations, by converting their auger estates to other more profitable eoltivaion ; but the evidr nce on that point skews. that , tech a conversion must tee attended with great • sacrifice of capital, as to be out of the yuesian as *measure of relief. With 4 view to thelprospeet for the future, they have obtained a return of the quantity of sugar at - present 'to the WesAndia Docks; from which, and from other evident:a., it appears. that the quantity now nn hand is unusually great for the time of year. Tree crop of last year is also on t: o. poiot of coming into the market. It should not he omitted further to state, that for many years past the ,islands have almost entirely escaped the natural calamitous (of hurricanes, &c.) whi.:ll have occasionally proved destructive to the property en those countries. In inv.:stigating the causes of that depression of the market, from whence the whole of the Planter's discern appears to originate, the first object which strikes your Committee, is, that extraordinary !item lion in which he is placed, which prevents him alone (in exception to every other similar cast) from ino demnifying himself fer the increase of duty, and of other expenses attending his cultivation, by in equi valent increase of price to the consumer. Fur a :p -pears, that since the year 171/9, the duty on sugar has been raised from £os. to L's. and contingently to SOL per cwt. ; the expenses of the estates are calcu lated to have risen in many articles 50, and in others above 100 per cent.; and the price has fallen front Os. to SU 6d. per es t. the average of the last eight months. As it appears obvious, from the above statement, that the duty is heavier than the article can bear at its present price, it it suggested that it might be expedient, for the relief of the borne mar ket, to extend the principle which has been adopted oh the contingentincrease of duty from V.. sp 305.; so that from the maximum of duty then fixed, on a gusto price of 1555. afferii-1 SOS. duty, and 535. to the tl e duty sh,uld be thrown back on a Li. polar scale in er own 'ion to the si •pression of the market. till the price are vet at liOs grow, leaving £O. (the origin. t .fat t r G vernment, and 40s to Nee Plaiver ; ter, en (Woo e. no d , , a r.o.luction of Is. of duty as a sediectiou of 2. g• ors price, from the average then Serif for the imposiaon of the new duty, as far as 10s. An increase of the 6-way oo the export has:sees also recommended; and your Committee are of ()pi nines. that it would afford } treat rend if given As au accompanint:nt to we, of rastriction upon neu trals. so as to rend.-r the expenses on Brains and fc reign produce equal in the foreigo market. A considerable deprechoism is the price of rum basing also taken place. it ha. been suggested, that the encouragement of the consesmptiou of :hat arti cle w0u1.4 be a considerable advantage to the ' Planter. Your Committee are aware that such ea conragement ha. been givtn, to a cettain extent, Lot if,st were (Quoit pratlicahle to carry that asses:- anal hither, ky an ate:eased consumpion in the Army and Navy, inch a rn.{lllllB you'd, in their o_pinion, have very heneficini dials ; or a redua%on g daty on rum might afford essential relief to the Planter, without loss to the revenue, which would bo indemnified by an increased tonsumptioa of that spa it. Great, floc' err s as are the evils of the decrease of pr:ce and if,creartr of charges. it does nit appear to )our Commatee, that they are the original causea of the di.tress of the Planter, by applying to which atone any practicable remody,be could be more than partially relieved ; but that the main evil, and that to which these are u!timately to be referred, is the eery unfavourable state of the foreign market, in which formerly the British Merchant enjoyed nearly a monopoly, but where he cannot at present enter into competition with the Planters, net only of the neutral, but of the hostile Colonies. The result of all 'heir iaquiries on this moss important part of the ienA ier has brought before their eyes one grand area primary evil, from which all the others are easily to be deduced ; namely, the facility of inter course between the hostile Colonies and Europe, under the American neutral flag, by enema of which not only the whole of their produce is carried to a market, but at charges little exceeding those of Peace ; while a British Planter is hardened with all the inconvenience, risk, and expense, resulting from a state of war. The advantages which the hostile Colonies derive from the relaxation of that principle, which prohi bited any trade from being carried on with the ene my's Colonies by Nearer, during war. which the enemy himself did not permit to those Neutrals during peace, may be in part estimated by refer ence to a statement of the imposts into Amsterdam alone, from the United States of America. in the year 1606, amounting to 34,0115 hhas, of coffee, and sugar. conveyed in ill vessels, and to a statement also annexed, i West-India produce, exported. States of America. between the and 30th September. Mb. In • expense, the advantages of the ,be further illustrated by the evidence 01 Mr. Marryat, supported by estiliadory &cusses% wbicb show the charges of freight and insurance on sugar from the hostile Colonies, throng** United States of America, to the ports of Holland and Flanders, aod to those of the Me diterranean, to be less by 81. 11d. to the former, and ►y 12s. 64 to the timer, than those charges on 36- ti%ll sugars to the same p-.rts. Your Committee cannot omit to state also annther important advantage enjoyed by the French Colonies, from the isle of nearly the whole French mercantile marine to Neutrals, under the stipulation of each vessel being returned into French ports, in order SI be navigated as French ships, within twelve months after peace, and with the enjoyment, during war, of the same privileges in the ports of France, as if they were ailualty French, for in. stance, to import sugar at a duty of 4s. per cwt. k.s than the duty imposed on sugar imported in neutral vessels. In order to counterbalance, in some degree, the advantages thus enjoyed by the hostile Colonies, to the detriment of toe British Planter, it has been re commended, that a blockade of the ports of the Enemy's settlements should be resorted to ; such a measure, if it could be swiftly enforced, would un doubtedly afford relief to our export trade. But a measure of more permanent and certain ad vantage would be the enforcement of those restric tions on the trade between Neutnils and the Enemy's Colonies, which were formerly maintained by Great Britain, and from the relaxation of which the Ene my's Colonies obtain iediredly. during war, all the advantages of Peace; while our own Colonies, in the intercourse with whom that system of mono poly which has been held essential to the Commer cial and Military Navy of this country, is rigorously enforced, are deprived of the advantages under rich in former wars they carried their produce to Cle foreign markets, and which in the present war, by me.ms of our decided naval superiority, would have amounted to the exclusive supply of the whole of Flurry: ; asid when those extraordinary measures are token into consideration which have been aoopt est exclude the British Colonial produce from the Direpealt market, it appears to your Committee to be a matter of evident and imperious necessity, to result to such a system, as by impeding and zestrill ink and, as hr as possible, preventing the export of the produce of the enemy's Colonies from the places of its growth, shall compel the Continent to have recourse to the only source of supply which, in that event, would be open to it. As it may be apprehended thit from the adoption of such measures, difficulties might arise in that in tercourse, from which the West Indies at present dei.va a considerable proportion of shine of their supplies, your Committee have thought it their duty to make inquiry i the resources in that rapes to which recourselAht be had in such an event. During the only period which affords an example of the suspension of that intercourse, the evidence con curs as to the fall of a supply having been obtained (though not without temporary and occasional in conveniences) from a variety of sources which may reasonably be relied apon, in case of such necessity, at the present moment, to a greater amount than at the former period. From the examination of persons who, in consequence of their residence in the British North American Settlement., or exten sive commercial connelliong with them, possess the best information as to their present and future re sources, there is ground to believe that some supply of the principal articles of limber might be obtauhd from thence immediately, and to limped that, with due encouragemeite the quantity of that supply might he increased no any extent. The supc,:y of 'our which they could at present afford to the We,t India Market would be small, and of inferior quality. They appear to be capable of affording a lore supply of fish, and what defi ciency might exist in ether articles of salt provisions might be made up by supplies from Europe. Upon the whole, the impression which your Com mittee have received is. that the trade now carried on between the Britsh West ladies and the Coned States of America, is very conveni-nt and advan tageous to the inhabitants of ma Colonies, and one which they could not relinquish without essential diteinteot. unless it were compensated by other ad •vantagest but that it is not essential to their exist ence, or equivalent to the disadvantages of their si tuation, in those respells which your Committee have already gone through in the present ,tatement. Y. iur Committeehaving briefly stated the distress ed situat.on of the West India Planter—the causes which have gradually produced his distress, which arc beyond his reach to remedy. and which must continue to operate with increased eifeft—and hav ing stated such measures of relief as have been tug gested to them, and such as, from the best sources of information, appear most adequate to the end in view, have only to add, that if those remedies are liable to ohjeelions and difficulties. .lsere is oil the other hand the strongest cuncurtent testimony and proof, that unless some speedy and efficient mea sures of relief are adopted, the ruin of a *rest num ber of the Planters, and of persons in this country, holding annuities, and otherwise dependent upon ' those properties for their income, must inevitably very soon take place, which must be followed by the loss of a vast Capital, advanced on securities in those countries, and by time most fatal injury to die commercial, maritime, and financial nucleus of Great Britain. RUSSIAN tIK.A.YE. BY ORDER OF 1115 IMPERIAL M AJESTT. The Senate having taken into consideration the representa tion of Count It omantsoff, in which he Sete forth, Thor the College of Commerce has demanded of liim—lerom what date are English merchant., trading here, to reckon the ten; of six m//ohs allowed to itinerant merchants--vbsther horn the dated! the lailyerial Manifesto, that is, from in January of this year; or from the data on which the Englina Treaty of Commerce expired ?" He, the Minister of Commerce, fol lowing the exact interpretation uS the appellation of itinerant eserebant, in the Imperial Manifesto, does not see any 'affi davit mom for the College of Commerce having put this getenien; bust coruliiiiing the circumstasecesof the times, and judging by that security which the foreign merchants on their rum nessiont have hitherto enjoyed, concludes that they, beteg perhaps in kopes et some change of the Manifesto to their fewer, and dot having yet obtained their wish, defer felfillbeg the NOM of the olteileree which have been adopted by the 1.1111,11411, and endeavour 60 lay hold of the appellation of ittaienint merchant, far she purpose of remaining am atestiss longer in an endesereseed nat:. The sem pl gale let merchants is very clearly set d own i n the Mustiest., st e t finish Treaty of Cocaromee den hove no plate there. wise* tepired on the nib March, N.S. With respell to foreigners itt.eonlog thelio.ives as itinerant os.ffcriAnta, the lOth article el the Maniteito again clearly orders that the tern gannet to the itineralit merclisot is to be reckoned iron the day of nie arrival of the foreign trader in Russia, consequently foreigners inscribed into Guilds, u Ito have paid their yearly tax for this year, or such as have houses (wIIIC3 is udt allowed to the class of itinerant merchants); or such as hue lived a loirg while in Russo, for purposes of trade, .S i lt become itinerant fuer. chAnts, but must enter dire!. either into the state of rutUutt, or iuto the claw of foreign Guests. For these raison., the Stin.ster of Coruineroe, en tepte,ettliiiit this subjs., to the Senate, has applied tor an (Those, in eurtfirmati ,o of the same, a• well for foreign merchants resident its Kowa, u fur those who may hereafter come into this Empire ; and in order not to impede commercial Lansattions by too sudden an altar -10011 in the situation of the merchAnto, by which they would be daiiged either to enter into new employments, Ur entirely to put a atop to them, would not the Senate think proper to allow the following arrangement to be made r via. That as soon as any petition is given its for admitting a foreigner as a guest, the Duns., or City Council, ►hould give the petr 'toiler a certificate, empowering hiin to carry on huntress to conformity with hi. future intended calling, and after that the Lamina might collect horn them the information necessary for their introduction into the rights and obligations attached to guests, as ordered by Articles fin and tweive of the Ilan.. tette. It it therefore ordered, that it be made known to the Minis ter of Commerce, that the Senate, finding the reirresentation which he has made in cunsequence of the questisti tit thu Col lege of Commerce, relative to the term allowed by the Alaniteme of the Ist January of this year, to foreign itirimant merchants, and relative to those (oteiguon, who are IWO Ibta 111 Guilds, arid have paid the yearly tax, or have houses, o. hare heed some time in the Russian Empire for ;Ms porpr-es of trod, that they cannot become itinerant merchants, but ;1/111t btLU.It• subjects, or foreign guest.; and eittli..g that re, ie mutation lint, and conformable to the meaning and interit of the Imperial Malifesto, [covet It to the Minater of C'1111•.1, ILC to ratify and make known Cie stone to those who /Meetly ',aside in R ussia, as well as to those 11103 may come hetidnet, by publicatruns in the (inhumes of Moscow and Petersburgli.-r, Arid that this Ordennance should also be put in due execution; oil the part of the Admiuistratiun M Provinces, proper instruc tions are to be made out to theta, that they, in confurinity with the representation of the Minister of Commerce, and to aeon( impeding the course of conameresai affairs, by allowing toe short a period, should instruct the City Councils to proceed in the foiliming manner, •:s :—At soon as any petition.; Mr inscription, as foreign guests., see prmented by ftweignera, the City Council raceming from them the necessary do:omegas, as stipulated by Articles i and 14 of the &tannest°, by winch they can be introdueed Into the rigl.ts and obligations attached t:i guests, are at the game time to give the Petitimers' certifs. c.tea„rorourting that they are at huedy to prosecete their busi ness a; ("Ingo guests, even before all the Mentalities, necessary for their commies, nucriptiun are gone through. Whereof proper notice is to be given to all Provincial Courts and Go vetoers m Petersburgh and Moscow, to the Munster et the In. Mime and to the Colleges of Commer c e and F ore i gn Aff.uss. July 1107.-I,t Department. FOREIGN INTILLIGSACE. GOTTENBURGH MAIL. GOTTEN lUIGH, AVG. 7. By accounts from Elsineur we learn, that the first division of the English fleet passed the Castle of Cronberg on Monday last, and saluted and received a salute in the customary urtnner. The Prune of Wales packet arrived here the day before yesterday with a Russian Courier from Lon- don. who set off immediat,dy for St. Petersburgh. A great number of English ships of war, trans ports, 6tc. &c. have passed our harbour these two days, ad steering for the Baltic, and making a for midable appearance. The reports of the different officers who have been engagAl in the late affairs at Stralsund, are uninteresting ; the only thing worth noticing is the last i* /, 45,097 hhds. of soi beresicto annued ; ar of t.:: amount of V from the United Ste Ist Oaober, ISO& u point of comparative , i/o Colonies will BULLETIN. 1 lead-9 .artery, Stralsund, July ti. Major Baron Hopnen wa. on the Illth instant again sent to flu French General, 13.une, whom head-quarters are at Milrzuw, in order to repeat an writing the proposal of an aritiisuce already mate before by fits Majesty, as the king has reaiun to suppose, that his teemer proposals had been mis understood by the ►tench General; ►ut Major Hvpken re ceived for answer from General Arsine, that he could nut agree to any armistice, soirees Stralsund was occupied by French troops: the tame aniwer which was given on the 14th inst. —On the 20th, cur wiiele chain of advanced posts was attack ed by the enemy, mud forced to fall back, but our troops being reinforced soon after, resumed their former position. Tim enemy being employed in ere-fling a field fortification on the beach, a divoc,en of our gun-boats stood in shore, and drove hint from the beach. Yesterday, after divine service, a battalion of the fourth brigade, squadron of the revinent ut Lao t.:llAssesses, and 'qua dri:snot* Mornervk Hussan,were ordered to be drawn up Id a Geld near the fortress, ender the orders of Colonel Vegi-sack. Sans After His Majesty, attended by Saron Ewa, Governor General, the General Statf, and Mr. l'ierrepont, the Royal Latish En. soy, proceeded to the spot, ordered the colours to advance, and created lieutenant-CalonclSucheu.trow and heron Po.se, Knights of the Order of the Sword. TTie Royal Prussian troops, com.banded by Lieutenant-Ge neral blucher , have received order• to leave Swe,l,h I'omera• nta, and much by Yuedom and Wallin, to Colbert ; tbnr magaant.s are also to be removed to that forties: iilmnit every slight trilling skirmish*. take place on the fterntiers. De ...filets arm, daily m con.a.lerable numbers hour the enemy —•( Gettoabisr: .) A letter from Copenhagen states, that all the in habitants of the suburbs have received orders fur pre paring quarters for a considerable number of cavalry to be quartered there.—/ lid. Aug. I.) TONNINGFN MAIL. C 4 .1 , 111:61A0111, •UOCST 4. The first division of the English fleet, which ar rived yesterday in the road of Elsioeur, is now in the vicinity of this capital, and the foremost ships are this moment (7 ecto.E) seen from our steeples ; it consists of twenty-six sail, twelve of which are of the line. We discern ()tie red and two blue pendants, consequently one Admiral, one Vice-Admiral, and one Rear-Admiral ; the latter is Sir Horne Popham. The second division of the grand English fleet, commanded by Admiral Gambier, is said to be al ready off Anhilt ; we are anxious to see the move ment of that fleet. A report states, that His Royal Highness intends soon to come to this capital, in order to review the troops of Zealand. Mr. Garbete, who has hitherto resided here as English Ambassador, has set out on a particular nsiuion to His Prussian Majesty. Mr. Taylor, who baa arrived here, will in the mean time perform his official fondtions. As Assione has bees nest off from hone, to Kiel, with the istelligence of the arrival of the English fleet. Genial llschei Jr M jpewesed to famersais, os hoard a Swedish cutter, by the way of Cornh7geu. All D viish s!iips lying at Kosipberg ar., not, Ne under Land, to depart irons thence without its Lekg ascertained that tlitir cargoes are not Evlish pr o . perry.—(Hassisord Correspiadenica, det ec t S. ) MILAN. JULY 22. The intelligence of the COPCIII4OIIVaI peace has spread here universal jey. We twee learned, at t' ls same time, that the Russian troops at Cattaro have received orders to surrender that place, as well as Castel Nusso, to the French troops, and to einb c k immediately for Russia. His Imperial Highness. oar Tiiceroy, sends a De. potation to congratulate the Emperor Nap aeon ce his great and numerous viEtories.—/laid./ acousr 6, Yesterday arrived here Mr. Jackson, lata LagEl Ambassador at the Court of Berlin, on hoard a si.is of war f rom Yarmouth; in his su.te was Mr. late English Vice-Consul in Hamburgh. They in. mediataly set oat, we understand, for SChjet , wic, ea a mission to the Prince Royal of Denmark. —( /bid / ama, JCLY 22. I.ast Sunday, General gayety, French Anita. sad passel though this town, on bis gray le Po t-trsburgh. Tae English ikinbassldor, Lord Gana, destined for the same place, arrived soon atler,kat • yet remains here.— ( ) [JAIN EUR, *coast 3. The first division of the English Lor..isting of 28 sail, came to anchor at eine o'clock in tie afternoon off Crunberg. One of thtin is a three. decker, the Admiral's ship carrying a blue pendant from the mainmast head, 12 are two deckers. 7 cutters, and the rest smaller vessels. The Vice Ad. mirars ship carries a red pendant from the mainmast bead, and the rear Admiral's ship a blue pendant from the foremast head. The commanding officer of a cutter came this morning to speak with she Commandant of Cronberg, but could not remmto the fl:et on account of the wand coming foal; he was consequently obliged to come to an anchor s and resort to a telegraphic communication with the flvt. We understand that it is to proceed to-morrow to tle Baltic. The second division is expected imrnedi. ately to follow the first, and to have already arrived off Anhalt. Some ships are also said to have gone through the Belt. Last Sunday arrived in our Roads, an En2l'..h 16. gate from the North Scas.—(Openhilta sitar:(, Ass:. 4.) STETTIN, •LG.:• We this mom-nt learn that a streag 'cannanale took place before Stralsund on the 29d; of July. The Swedes unmasked several batteries from their entrenched camp. and from the Isle of Duusbolm, and advanced their gun-boats into that arm of the Sea on which the entrenchments of the ,besiers were supported ; they made a very brisk cress file on the workmen. General Loison, commanding the siege, rho advanced to the point of attack, was struck by a ball, and thrown from his horse. His wound is slight, and will net impede the continua. tion of the works. Colonel Montfort, second in command of the engiseers, had a horse killed under him by the same ball which wounded General Loi son.-.-(4beille da Non!, Av. 7.1 vesicle, JULY IS. If we may credit several letters from the kingdon of Naples, a corps of French troops is prep.Png attack Sicily.—(ldere.) I AST IP RUSSIA , JUL Y!...7. Accnrding to the latest letters from Memel, G neral Hu:hoyden hts taken the chief command of the Russian army, in the room of Genoa' Bensig ten, a column of which will occupy a camp in L. thtsanis. The Russian General, Clad, is goinj to his castes in Pomerania. lalL•11, JULY 22. The term that Cardinal Ruffo ti.s been arrestA in the Ecclesiastical State, at the instance of ti.e French, is without foundation. lattag Or TUlt MAINS, stionir 1. The public Journals state, that still rn•>re strengthen the Frontier of the French Empire. ea the side of Holland. and to secure end facilitate the communication between the two kingdom, a Cloventi in has been concluded between the respec tive Goveinments, that all the strong places on the M.tew. till it falls into the sea, shall be ceded to France, in reconvene, for which, Holland is t° ie ce;v: considerable augmentations on the /zinnias of Westphalia. _ • PRITATE coRN tSPONDENCE. STIALIVPIII, JULY SO. The French works are within hilt an English mile of this place, and it is crpect.d the bombard• incnt will take place this evening or early to-morrow moaning. All the women and children, with the aged, and those who were desirous of leaving the town, have been sent to the Isle a' Rugen ; and the most rigorousmeasnres are taking to oppose the one. my, the gun-buts are of much service, Andaman! the French greatly in their approach against the works. The obstinacy with which the defence is made, and the facility with which the impolite and reisforooments are obtained from Rugen, walrealsr it oo easy matter for sae French to reduce Ow tor' :ft '"e 11 ring pro. has . U al , 44:k re De. 10. d 5. • :Ea t li sl •ore, • ,ea id/ bat. Ps. dot IT. ing se the eh ee. ei Int 1, 7 Ad• mast e dam Saar the tO ; he , and o tle tiv:l pr.e ftr• nale ful►. heir olm, I the :Rine s file g the was His