The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1825-10-13 00:00:00

LITERJRY GLSALAllltifir* No. XLV. • e t ..,n ON THE MERIT OF ItIcHARDSON'S 'NO • *Mt y o u have wit, taste, sense, and sentiment, 'and you don't like Rtenaaosow. %Veil, that is to me astonish iag. He bas but one great fetal', and unfortunately every b o dy feels it. The defect might be cum! ; and it is, iu m y opinion. an object well worthy the attention of the na tion to have it remedied. " Richardson's views were grand. His semi was noble, and his heart was excellent. He formed a plan that em braced all human nature. His object was to benefit man kind. His knowledge of the world showed him that hap piness was to be attained by man, only in proportion as he practised virtue. His gtood sense then showed him that no practical System of morality existed ; anti the same good sense told him that nothing but a body of morality, put into action, could work with efßeacy on the minds of nth. Sermons and caviar, experience showed him, were vo • i ne ff e ctual. The manner of them was dry and uninterest jag to young people ; and arguments addressed to what is weakest in youth, to their understandings, be dearly per ceived were without effect. He saw farther, that example was the great point which formed the young ; and he saw that man was composed of passions and imagination as well as of understanding. " These were his general principles ; and upon these principle' he reasoned thus: Mankind is naturally good : for it is rare to meet young people with bail hearts. A young man, then, coming into the world, wishes to be perf c' But how shall he learn ? The world is a bad school ; and precepts scattered up and down in books of morality ore of little use. An example would (twin him ; but where is it to be found? None exists. I will then create one for him. I will set before him a model of per fection. The more he imitates it, the more perfect he, will be ; the more perfect he ie, the happier he will be. " As he reasoned upon man, do he reasoned upon wo man. He aimed at no less than bestowing felicity on the generation he saw riving aefore him, and on every one that was to succeed it. Avid had be not had powers to accom plish this aim, his wish was so grand, so noble, and of such a superior order of benevolence, that that alone would have entitled him to Immortality: I had almost said ca nonization. " But such is the peverseness and weakness of man kind, that what constitutes Richardson's greatest merit, is considered by many as a capital defect in his conception. They Aject that such a woman as CLantssa, and such a roan as Sir CHAILES GRANDISON, having never existed, the author bas created palpable chimeras, and conse quently his crr - Lions are usek so and unat'ecting. How consistent are the reasonings of men ! Century after cen tury, rid country after country, have vied with each other in praising the work and the author of the Venus of Me. diei. Yet this work must be universally alloyed to be farther from nature than Richardson's CL/AISSA. No woman ever came near the beauty of this wattle ; yet, has that diminished the merits 'of the author ? Has he rot always been, and is he not licrurly and justly admired fur the ingenuity of his idea, though this idea is totally barren of profit to the world ? " Not so with Clarioia: she must profit every female that beholds her. Though the whole of these two ima ginary beluga did evidently never exist, yet so great has been the mastery of these uncommon artists, that there is not a particle in the composition of the statue, nor a trait in the character or conduct of the heroine, that can be said to deviate in the minutest degree from the precise line of nature and of truth. _ " Riih:rdson has done no more than animate the Vertu of Medici. The Grecian scu'ptor bad created of every cr;ature's best, a marble body : the English writer created equally of every creature's best a soul, a mind, a genius for that body. Can any man pretend to he consistent with himself, who admire, the one, and con demns the other ? Suppose the two the work of the Greek, and I will venture to say, this would have been the language of the world : ' hen the sculptor created that form, he surpassed men ; but whtn he created that genius Sod that soul, he rivalled the gods.' " The writers of England excel those of all other na tions in the pathetic ; end Richardson in this point is, I think, superior to all his countrymen. He makes one cry too much : and by a very singular talent, peculiar to himself alone, he fills our eyes alinost as often by elevated sentiments, as he does by tender ones, He abounds with strokes of greatness, sometimes in the actions, and some times in the sentiments of his characters, which raise the reader's soul, and make the tear of generosity spring into his eye he knows not whence. " Here are three strokes of pathos; tell me which of them you like best. " When the tyrannical Capulet says to his daughter: .• Thursday is near ; If you be mine, I'll give yos to my friend: If you be not, haves, beg. starve, die i'Lle streets, Fa by my soul, I'll ns'er acknowledge thee." " Then Juliet ; " Is there no pity sitting in the elrudv. That sees into the bottom of my grief' 0 sweet my mother, cut me not away." " Is rot that earnest types' to Heaven most solemnly moving ? and then that passionate address to her mother, as her only resource after Providence, is exceedingly af leering. The confusion too in placing her words, " 0 sweet my mother," for " 0 my sweet mother," is infinite ly beautiful: it is somewhat like Virgil's Me, me odsum qui foci. " The next is from Otway. When Jaffier gives Belvi dere to Renault, and gives hint with leer a dagger, Ile siring him, when he proves unworthy, to strike it to her heart ; Belvidera's answer is inimitably fine. " 0 thou unkind one! Have I deserr'd this from you' Lnok on me, tell me, Why am I separated Amu thy love If I am false, accuve me, but If true, peythee don't in poverty forsake me, But pity the sad bean that's torn with paring." " No man can write better than this. 'that line, " Don; peythee, don't in yurerty forsake me," is above prais e . Every word of it i.. a beauty. The words " but if true," introduce this afilcting close with peculiar happiness, be cause the audience, knowing that she is true, feels more deeply for her sorrows. 'f he third is from Clarissa. After she has escaped front Lovelace, and is lodged at a glove-shop, King-street, Covent-garden, aim writes a letter to her nurse, Mrs. Nor ton, in which are these words: " I am afraid my poor, as I used to all the good creatures to whose necessities I was wool to administer by your faithful hands, have missed me of late. But now, alas ! lam poor myself." When Cla rissa's story is known, and the whole of her character, and her present situation considered, "But now, alas! I am poor myself," is irresistible. " I do not believe any language, ancient or modern, can show three traits equal to these. —Sherlock's I.etters. Dr. Jonesom says of Richardson, that he was "an author from whom the age has received great favours, who has enlarged the knowledge of' human nature, and taught the passions to move at the command of virtue." In hi: preface to Rowe in his Lives of the Poets, he ob serves, " The character of LOTHARIO seems to have been expanded by Richardson into Lovelace ; but he has ex celled his original in the moral effect of the fiction. Lo thario, with gayety which cannot be hated, and bravery which cannot be despised, retains too much of the specta tor's kindness. It was in the power of Richardson alone to teach us at once esteem and detestation ; to make virtu ous resentment overpower all the benevolence which wit, and elegance, and courage, naturally excite ; and to lose at last the hero in the villain." " Of all the rein esentations of madness," says Dr. IVA a. ray, " that of Cltmentina, in the history of Sir Charles t;randison, is the most deeply interesting. I know not whether even the madness of LEAR is wrought up and expressed by ao many touches of nature and genuine passion." Dr. Yoono was long and intimately acquainted with him, and had always the highest esteem for him on account of the many excelkweics, natural and moral, which he dis ct.rned in him. Mr. Richardson having not had the ad vantage of a complete education, Dr. Young, to whom he was recounting the various difficulties he had passed through, asking him, " How he came to be en author?" lie answered, , " When I was about twelve years of age, I drew up a short character of a certain gentlewoman in te who was reputed a great Saint; but I looked upon bet to be a great hypocrite. The so exactly drawn, that when it came t. about amongst some select friends, ever, the features, and appropriate the picture fria, though no name was affixed to oft /rat setting-out did, you will not , suppose, meat different times to employ my pen yet farther in some amusements or other for my own diversion, till at ietigth, though many years after, I sat down to write in good earnest, going upon subjects that took my fancy m ost, and following the b e nt o f m y natura l i nc li nation, &c. " Dr. 'Yining made this pertinent and just observation, that this man, erith the advantages only or chiefly of mere nature, improved by a very moderate progress in education, struck silt et once, and of his own accord, into a n ew p rov i nce o f writing, and succeeded therein to admiration. Nay, what is more remarkable, and selde.m seen in any other writers, he both began and finished the plan on which he set out, leaving no room for any one after him to make it more, complete, or even to come near him ; and it is certain, that not one of the various writers that soon after, and ever since, attempted to imitate him, have any way equelled him, or even come within a thousand paces of him. That kind of Romance was and is peculiarly his own, and seems likely to continue so. " I consider mid Dr. Young, " as a truly great natural genius; asgreat and super-eminent in kis way, as were Shakspeare and Milton in theirs." DUCHESS OF DEVONSHIRE. That form how resistless, those features how fair, • Each look is a whisper the heart springs to hear And fond to interpret.— too roguishly given, Conceives a soft meaning that lifts it to Heaven And yet those dear features, I'd readily swear, '1 he meaning which innocence gives, only wear. —0 bow ye tranagresAors, in penitence bend ; Against such perfection, slim sin to offend ! Yet see--hi the brightness which darts from her eyes, With beanies mild lustre her clemency flies ! That smile just disphiy'd, to the soul has ezprest The tranquil composure that reigns in her breast. May those eyes, and that bosom, fir erer blest Fait, De uudarken'd by sorrow, unruffled by care; Or If a tear stet, or a sigh gently move, May the tear be of r a ptu re , t h e sigh be of love ! May your moments all fly on the wings of delight, And pleasure's wide regions be still in your sight ; And while you are temp.e3 t o ram bl e the ground, Let the music of gladness still echo around ! The Bcvy of Beauties. DUCHESS OF RUTLAND. Scene, the Vicinity of Delvoir Csstee. rest in these shades, remembered with delight, The gentle Rutland struck my dazzled sight I As on she came her eyes diffused afar The peerless lustre of the morning star ! Upon her beauteous cheek a blush was spread, Superior to the loveliest day-beech red ; Her waving locks were twiaed with flow'ry braid ; Her vest was with the bloom of Springarray'd ; And to the breese, the vest displayed t h e form Of limbs, which must to !ocean hermit warm ! Her panting bosom—to the wind Ind/raced, • Showed more of heaven than zealot ever traced ! An air supreme in every step was seen ! The nymphs and shepherds bailed their rural quiets : Are: as the graceful beauty passed along, The village minstrel greeted her in song; At intervals, a chora l strain arose, And Hutla. - ides name was heard in ev'ry close! /Lid. ROYAL ACADEMY OF YCIENCES AT PARIS. CIRCULATION OF THE BLOOD, &c. We mentioned some time since that Dr. Barry, an English physician resident at Paris. had read before the Academy of Sciences in that city, a Memoir of the Motion of Me Blood in the Veils,; and that Messrs. Cuvier and humeri!, whose names arc so well known to the lavers of natural history, had been appointed by the Academy to investigate the subject, and draw up a Report upon the same. We have now to state, that these gentlemen lately pre sented their Report to the Academy ; and have the satis faction to add, that it is highly creditable to our country man, as will appear from the following details, which we extract from one of the Paris joyrnala. The Report commences by alluding to the various opi nions which hare hitherto been entertained by the phy siologists with respect to the cause of the motion of the blood in the veins. Thus some have attributed this motion to the action of the heart, others to the pressure of the muscles, and others, again, to an absorbing power in the ♦eins themselves. Amidst this diversity of opinion, however, with respect to the cause of this motion, authors have, in general, agreed in recognising a certain connexion between the motion itself and the act of inspiration ; but this c ninexion was merely looked upon as a coincidence, or, at most, the act of inspiration was esteemed nothing more than an ac cessory cause of the motion Outlet] to. In the Memoir presented to the Academy by Dr. Barry a very different view is taken of these facts, which, in the opinion of this gentleman, are much more intimately con nected as cause and (fleet than has hitherto been supposed. " And, in truth," the Report proceeds, " he has shown, by means of experiments entirely new, very ingenious, and perfectly conclusive, first, that the blood in the veins is never moved towards the heart but during the act of in spiration ; and, secondly, that all the facts known with respect to this motion, in man, and the animals which re semble him in structure, may be.explained by considering it as the dict of rimospheric pressure." In cotialusion, the Report recommends to the Aeat:emy— I. To have the Memoir of Dr. Barry inserted among those of distinguished foreign literati; and, 2. To invite the author to prosecute his researches with respect to the absorption of poisonous matters applied to the surface of the body; researches, it is added, which flow a.s:a corollary from his theory, which possess so much in terest, and which admit of so many useful applications to the animal economy. The Tyne Mercury says—" We are happy to learn that Mr. Te lford, ‘oliose eminence as an engineer is well known, and who has particularly devoted his attention to suspension bridges, is expected in Newcastle in the course of a week, when we understand he will examine the site of the proposed suspension bridge at Shields, and give his opinion of this great design." The silk weavers of Manchester arc making from nine to even thirty shillings a week, according to the nature of the work ' • but then they have frequently to stand three or four weeks for want of work or for chute. Power-loom weavers—persons who manage the looms which are worked with steam, will get from twelve to fifteen shillings a week, and those who are allowed to attend three looms will make a pound: women can do this work. Power-loom dressers male about thirty shillings a week; spinners, in some in stances, rather more; and cotton printers considerably more. ELTCTIONEERING Tatcc—The Bury Gazette says— " We have heard with astonishment that the Mayor of Sudbury, one day last week, sent the public crier round that town to caution and forbid its inhabitants from having any communication with Bury, in consequence of the small-pox being so prevalent here. We are unwilling to credit this report, but feel rather inclined to consider the whole an electioneering joke; as several of the worthy freemen of Sudbury being resident here, it may be sup posed that this bugbear will scare the new candidate, Mr. Wilk., from making personal application. For whatever purpose the report may have been spread, we can attest its being utterly false, as, after the most minute inquiry, we find that there are not now more than six or seven cases of small-pox within the bounds of this town ; and that there has not been one death from that disease during the last three weeks. We believe this is more than can be said for the town of Sudbury, or for most towns in this or the neigh bouring countie s." Farmers labourers in the vicinity of manufacturing towns are better off than in other districts. Their wages appear to be about nine shillings a week for the winter quarter, and twelve all the rest of the year. During liar vrst time they make something more. The FAQ India Company's quarterly sale of indigo took place on Tuesday ; 5759 chests were put up, and the whole were sold. It will be seen that the price of indigo has ad vanced considerably. The highest price (we understand) bid was Its. tit., and the average price, exceeding that of ►he last sale, was from 2s. to sits. 6d. per pound. The whole quantity having been sold, and the price exceeding what was expected by many, we have deemed it worthy of notice. rage are beginning to manifest Hi various qua., Some instances of this kind will be found detailed in another place. these, coupled with the accounts already publish ed in the Evening Past, would serve to prove, not indeed that there is any combination, but that there is a spirit among the peasantry, which will require, on the part of the Government and of the local authorities, measures the most prompt, as well a 3 the most unremitting vigilance. The state of the farming and landed interc.st bring so pro sperous, and the potato-crop having turned out very nearly an average one, we do not apprehend that these symptoms will eventuate in any thing more serious than the ordinary class of offences with which Chit country has been periodi cally4akited. The farmers and the landlords (such of the latter as happen to be resident) will, no doubt, act a part different from that which they pursued in the winter of 1821-22. 'fhe former are able to pay their rents, and the latter are in the re. espt of their income. There is also a tolerably well organiscil police ; and, in short, the machine of the local administration works with ease and smooth- netts. We repeat it, then, that we have no apprehensions. for the general Peace of the country dulitiz the approachin g winter ; but activity, we see, will be indispensable.' Dublin Evening Part. We sincerely regret to have to add to the atrocities that have been so very recently perpetrated, the following cam, of murder, which occurred on last Wednesday night, at Rexborough, near Knocklofty. A girl of the name Or Condon having preferred a charge of rape against a man of the name of Connolly, a judicial inquiry was set on foot, when, on Wednesday, the accused and a friend of his, of the . mare of John Looby, came to tow n'to abide the inquiry. On their return home they were met by the father and brother! of the girl, when Looby made use of some indelicate ex';!., pression respecting the alleged crime; on which young . Condon struck him a violent blow of a stick, which felled him to the ground, and from the effects of which he fell several times after. As soon as he had given the blow, young Condon made off across the fields. As soon as he departed, Conolly and Looby seized old Condon, and in sisted on taking him before a Magistrate, the Rev. Mr. Hill, to answer for the outrage committed by his son ; when they had proceeded as far as the cross at Roxborough, they were met by two countrymen, who insisted on and effected the liberation .of old Condon, who instantly drew a knife, and with it stabbed Looby a little above the groin, the wound being carried to the navel, where, on the re moval of the knife, the incision took a short direction towards the hip ; the unfortunate man immediately fell, and his bowels protruded. In this state he was found about t n o'clock by some of the police, who brought him to their station at Ballybeg. The unhappy man lived till next day, when he expired in much pain ; but a little he fore his death be lodged informations before the Rev. Mr. Hill, and on Thursday on the inquest, a verdict of" Wil ful Murder" was returned. Though the police at every neighbouring station were very active all Wednesday night, and Thursday, yet the murderer has eluded their search.— C'onmel Herald. Tits lIEVENUF.—Since the transfer of a portion of the Excise Duties to the Customs, no detailed account of the produce of the several exciseable articles has been pub lished we learn however that there is an increase on the Beer Duties to the amount•of 1.50,0001. on the year, and 125,0001. on the Quiver. The following articles also exhibit increase to the amounts stated:— On the Year. On the Quarter. Auctions . . £54,000 . £15.1100 Bricks . 144.000 - 84,000 Malt - 330.000 . . 10,000 Parer 51,N0 . 21,000 In British Spirits there is an increase amounting to 200,0001., and in several other articles the increase is pro portionate. There is some decrease on Printed Goods, which may be attributed to the large drawback paid on goods of that description, and the next Quarter will pro bably make up that deficiency. The London Dock Company have nearly completed a wall round fourteen acres of ground in Fawdon-fields, ad joining their present dock, and the excavation of seven acres of ground for additional water-room is about one third finished. From the number of persons employed, and the exertions which are making, it is computed that the whole of this work will be finished in the course of the year 1826: and that when completed, with the buildings, a•lditiunal accommodation will be afforded for seventy ships, of the average burden of 300 tons ; for upwards of 10,000 tons of general merchandise, and vault room for 10,000 pipes of wine and spirits. The Company are also proceeding rapidly in the formation of vaults within the present dock, capable of housing 8,500 pipes of wine or spirits. IRISH STEAM•ENGIN ES.—The Duhlin Freeman's Jour nal says :—" IVe are happy to find that a Company is on the point of being established, of which the intentions are most highly patriotic. It will afford employment to many of our countrymen; and, as its prospectus truly states, make them comfortable and useful mechanics instead of semi-mendicant labourers. It is calculated to assist our several mining companies, as it proposes to use only our native metals. Its object is the manufacturing of steam engines in Ireland, to supply, in the first instance, the' home demand, though there can be little doubt of its also coming in for a share of the profits of exportation, as there is every reason to suppose that the present most urgent de mand for steam-engines, at home and abroad, will be in creasing every hour." I NTANT SCHOOl.ll.—The establishment of infant schools, we are happy to observe, is becoming general throughout the country. Mr. Goyden, from Bristol, delivered a Lec ture last Wednesfiny, at the Royal Institution, in which he advocated this system of education, and strongly re commended it to the support of the public. The Bishop of Chester, we are gratified to find, also takes warm inte rest in the promotion of such institutions. In delivering his charge to the clergy, at Manchester, on Friday, the 23d ult., his Lordship, we understand, remarked (on the subject of infant schools), that, notwithstanding the pre judices of many, no doubt good and pious men, against them, he was frilly persuaded that such institutions, if properly established and superintended, would, through the blessing of Gad, not only prove highly beneficial to the infant poor, but be found to be admirable nurseries for our other daily and Sunday schools. His Lordship, we learn, has already himself founded and patronised an in fant school, in Liverpool-street, London, which is gene rally known by the name of " the Bishop of Chester's School," and which may, it is stated, with much propriety be recommended as an excellent model fur similar institu tions.—Billiege's Liverpool Advertiser. In the course of Mr. Abernethy's late Lectures at St. Bartholomew's Hospital, he took occasion to exemplify the doctrine of sensations not residing in the part where they were supposed to be felt, but in. the brain itself ; and in stanced the case of a man who fancied he felt an itching in his ankle, and actually scratched the extremity of his wooden leg, to appease the supposed irritation. • It is on the same principle that when patients' limbs undergo am putation, they often fancy they feel sensations in their tots and fingers, although those parts are removed: so great is the delusion at times, that they are not satisfied the limb is off until they have ocular proof given them by the removal of the bandage from their eyes, when they become con vinced of the fact. A farmer in Moravia has lately invented a new plough, which, although drawn by only one horse, produces four furrow& The Agricultural Society of that country have presented him with a gold medal. NON-ATTENDANCE OF ALDERMEN...-011 Tuesday Court of Aldermen could not be made until half-past two o'clock, although it was appointed for one, in consequence of the absence of the Aldermen, to compel whose attendance there is unfortunately ro tine. In consequence of the great inconvenience arising front the non-attendance of the Aldermen. some years ago, it was agreed amongst them that the line of a guinea should be inflicted for every breach of punctuality on occasions of the kind, and this regulation had for a time the effect of doing away the very frequent neglect or abandonment of duty. Sr! Claudius S. Hunter, however, who was the collector of the tines, found it very difficult in some curs, and impossible in others. to get hold of the penalties, as the payment merely depended upon the honour of the Court, and gave up the office for ever. Since this renunciation took place the penalties have not been revived, and now, whenever a Court of Aldermen is to he hell, the marshals, marslialmen. street-keepers, officers. beadles. Ste. &c. are to be seen running in all eirect:ons after the members of the Court. LIVERPOOL COJIMICRCIAL • TUESDAY, OCT. 11. COTTON-311RXET.....TRITS Iru 10.4111y,„11 good demand for Cotton, both fist export and home trade, and prices improved • little. (Et'?Sat.! TlOlll A DEW OILLEADA TAPER, AUG. it) FRAkCISTILLE, AUG. 13. TIIE . CRDY.-110t planters are busily engaged 'ln gath e ring In the cotton crop, and we teen to Ay thtir fears are realised, At relater to ita abOndance ; It will be generally shoil of what it *as last year. This, as we here said In former numbers, is owirfg to the season, which, while it has been avouratie to the growth of the plant, has been unfavourable to the production of bolls. The rot. too, is progressing, and Increasing as tt progresses. Yet, notwith standing all this, one or more steam-boats will soon find ampl e em plovrnent at our landing. The Alvarado cotton begins at length to promise some reward to the toils of the planter. I orma are beginning to be abandant, and there Is yet time for those forms to mature. As soon as it begins to open we will state Its appearance and quallty.—Journel. The same paper nutters also having received advices from Llver • pool of a fall of three-pence per lb. on cotton. CORN MARKET, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 11. Our Corn Exchange was this day as dull or more no than It has been for some time, and • decline Is the consequence of from 2d. • 3d. per bushel on new Wheat, and on Oats about 14. - lower. All other articles also on the decline. Grain and Flour in very limited demand. GRAIN. s. d. s. d. Wheat per Bushel 701b.—nglish (old) . 9 6 a 10 $ Dive (now) - 9 0 a 9 9 Scotch ss . 8 S a 9 6 i;is1;(old) . . 73 a 9 Ditto New . . 8 6 a 11 I C ' C anadian re - 8 6 3 9 a a 0 Oats pee Bushel of 4510.—Irish Po tato (old) - 31 a 5 Ditto (new) - 3 ♦ a 3 6 English,SeotchltWalsb 3 5 • 3 7 Barley pee 841b.—English . . 5 6 a 6 .0 Iriah . .• • - 5 3 a 6 6 Malt per 9 galls. - . . . fi 6 a 10 3 Oatmeal per 24015.—English - . 30 0 a 32 0 Irish . . . 25 0 a 37 0 Ditto (new) - 29 0 a 32 0 Flour per 2001b.—English . - 52 0 a 85 0 Irish . _ . - 52 3a54 0 • American per I hitt. - 24 0 a 20 0 Beane per Quarter—English . - 48 0 a 60 Insh • 46 0 • 48 0 IMPORTED TAO* Tilt 4TH TO TEE lotu OCTOBER isrctusivic. Peas: Foreign Coastwise Total Oatmeal : Ireland Coastwise Total - Flour : %Ykeat : Foreign • 2.462 qrs. Ireland - 6,656 Coastwise . 100 Total - 0,217 qrs. Oats: Ireland - - 5,565 qrs. Coastwise - 210 . 54) qrs. . 20 Total - 6,775 Barley : Coastwise . CZ qrs. Beans : Foreign . 870 qrs. Ireland . . 50 Coaatways . 440 Total . 1,340 qrs. _ . Ireland . Coutorisi 70 qrs. 561 lde. - 149 Flour 712 Ids. - 2,123 ski. . 16 THE FBA' . PRESS . • - •-fo character it seems was STATETIF IRELA ND. le to be privately banded every one could discern We regrviaraod from the Provincial Journals, as w iicture to the true origi- as froin abme communications, which have reached us fn o it. This little success different parts of the country, that symptoms of outrage z isturally suppose, tempt beginning to manifest themselves in various quarters. Sot Totai - 2,139 sks. sttonTrn. Oats . . 218 qrs. - . 100 brks. DLVNER OF THE CHESHIRE WHIG CLUB. On Alonday last. the anniversary dinner of the Whig Club sr Cheshire, and the adjacent counties, took place at the Royal Hotel• Chester (George Phillips, Esq. M.P. in the Chair, and JAI' Em. M P. acting as Vice-Prerident.) The Chairman was supported on his right by Earl Grosvenor and Sir John Stanley, and on his left by Lord Crewe and Mr. Wilbraham. There were also present other leading Members of the Club, together with some gentlemen who attended u visiters on the oc.. The otnal loyal tout* ha ring been drunk, The CHJOILMAX said he should now propose the memory of a great man. who wu distinguished by the liberality of the prin. eiples he had professed, by the powers of his mind, and the com prehensiveness of his reasoning, " The memory of Charles iaates , Fox." This toast was drunk in golemn silence. Lord Crewe'. health followed. The VICZ.PRFSIDENT raid that from the accident of his be. longing to a particular profession, it now devolved upon 11:m to propose` " The Memory of Lord Erskine." The toast was drunk in solemn silence. The health of the Chairman having been given, Mr. Penettes rose to return thanks. Since the time he had attended this Meeting, three years ago, the spirit of liberty had strongly manifested itself through every pert of the country, and laflueaced even a Tory Administration. To this alone must be attributed the improvement that bad taken place in our system of commercial policy, and recognition of the Independent States of South America. While they were ready to do justice to the merits of Mt. Canning, Mr. Huskimon, Dlr. Robinson, and of the other Members of the Cabinet who concurred in supporting the liberal measures that had lately been adopted, it ought not to be forgotten that those measures had long since been pressed on the Government by the Whigs. (Applause.) The principles on which they were founded were so interwoven with Whiggism as to be inseparable from it. But then it had always been said by those who were opposed to them, that ti:e adoption of 'such measures would be dangerous to the Constitution, and that the Whigs showed an irreverent disregard of the wisdom of our ancestors. The result, however, proved to demonstration the fallacy of this argument. He hailed with joy the recognition of the South Ame rican States, as the first gee towards freeing us from that monstrous confederacy which had profanely called itself the "Holy Alliance." (Cheerio.) If the same step had been taken long be fore, we should not now see the liberties of Continental Europe trampled upon by three or four despots. It was impossible for any man to travel over Europe without }Waring It said, to the disgrace of the country, that our Governoront had Made common cause with those who had formed an impious junction for the sole purpose of destroying the genius of freedom. But how did the rulers who had done so evince their gratitude to this country ? By showing • jealousy of our commercial advantages, and • hatred of our free institutions. They would reform England as they re form Piedmont, Naples, and Spain. After speaking of the ad. vantages which would result from a Parliamentary Reform, he proposed the health of a Nobleman who erase real lover of liberty. a munificent supporter of the arts, And of the intellectual and moral improvement of the people.--" Earl Grosvenor." The toast called forth loud plaudits. • Earl GROBVZNOII..-1 cannot but feel highly flattered by the very kind manner in which my health has 'been given from the Chair, and received by this most respectable assemblage. lam the more pleased with this gratifying proof of your regard, when I refer to the conduct uniformly Observed by the Members of the Club, and to the great principles on which It has been established. This is the fifth Anniversary Meeting of the Club, and we are now in a very different situation from that in which we found our. selves when it was first established. At, that time, if not a party to the Holy Alliance. at least we made no attempt to counteract the scandalous attacks that were made by the despotic powers of Europe on the liberties of every independent State. There was to man who looked at the conduct of the Government at that period, but must hare been convinced that our Ministers countenanced the infamous proceedings of the Holy Allies. Happily, however, for the country, • great change has since taken place. I find it im possible to contem p late the Holy Alliance without indignation at the baseness of the ingratitude that was shown to those States that had so nobly supported the parties against the tyranny of France. The moment the power of Bonaparte was destroyed, the great Rulers of the Continent forgot nil the flattering promises they had made, and formed an abominable coalition against freedom all over the world. I congratulate you, however, Gentlemen, and the country at large, that we no longer countenance their proceedings, and have nothing to do with their wicked crusade. But, at the same time, I cannot help saying, that this Cluh, and others of a similar description, which speak the sense of the English people 03 the subject, are entitled to take some credit to themselves for having encouraged the public spirit of the country, by which alone this great change has been effected. His Lordship, in conclusion, gave as a toast, " the health of their Vice-President, and success to his efforts to reform the Court of Chancery."— (Applause). Mr. Witeeasts, in returning thanks, said he might have availed himself of an excuse of some antiquity for not attending on the lresent occasion. (We understand the Learned Gentleman had ately got married); but he had not, however, dons so; as he did not wish to desert the station he had been called upon to till. No man could for a moment dare to state that the improvement which had taken place id the condition of the country was to be attributed to any other cause than the adoption of the most perfect part of our free institutions. (Applause). It was quite obvious that Ministers found themselves in a very easy position, reposing, in fact, on a bed of roses ; for how else could the Noble and Learned Lord, who held so prominent a station in the Cabinet, disengage himself from the high duties of his office, and find time to superintend the edu cation of little boys, while, as • reward for their disinterested ac clamations, he obtained for them their much-admired object, a holyday? (Laughter). Did this not prove that the country was now in so happy anti prosperous a state, as not to need the anxious superintendence of the most acute, most learned, and most re doubted person that could any where be found in it? But to what was this owing? To nothing whatever but the cause he had before stated. If the Right Hon. Gentleman who was at the head of the Foreign Department maintained a position which gave him an ascendancy in the Cabinet, it was not to be ascribed to the ma jorities in the House of Commons, hut to the dominance of public opinion, and what was called the Opposition in Parliament. The position he held was a strong proof of the manner in which the Opposition acted with respect to Ministers. It the Right Hon. Gentleman had gained populsri y, he owed it to his departure from the course pursued by his predecessor. If his predecessor had lived to eternity, he would have much more of the unqualified support of the [louse of Commons. than the popular Secretary of the present day, who had not gained half so ranch credit as his predecessor, for what was termed the management of that House. The Meeting passed oft' with a good deal of eclat, and the best feeling prevailed on the occasion. THE ARMY. Detachment% belonging to the 12th, 23d, 43d, eattt, andlitti Regiments of Infantry, disembarked from on board the Barest transport, on the 9th inst. at Devonport, from Gibraltar. Detachments of Invalids belonging to the 13th Regirnentof Light Dragoons, the Od Battalion of the Royals, the 30th, 46th, 69th, and 00. h Regiments of Foot. arrived on board the Portland, on ear lltb inst. from Madras, and disembarked at Gravesend, on route t o Chatham. MEDICAL FUND SOCIETT. Last night a Oeneral Meeting of the Subscrikem 'to thetoetety for the Relief of Widow, and Orphans of bledict d Min in Ln° 4 " n and its vicinity, cost holden at she Gray's inn Coffee-haute. Hol. born, to receive the Report for the last year, and to stem pillars for the year mining. ki curve FIELD, Esq. in the Chair. The CHAIRIRAW in opening the busincs < of the Meeting, UM gratulftted the friends of the Society on the very flou ri shing state of its funds, of whi c h t h ey would be convinced on hearing the Re. s . hort. He trusted, that the awe unanimity of principle which had itherto given consistency and effect to the benevolent Intention of this Institution would still continue. Mr. WATSON. the Secretary, then proceeded to resirthe Report from which it 'mated Nat thq Society's funds at present exceeded Thirty Thousand Pounds, anti that upwards of Eight Hundred Pounds were now annually distributed among the widows of pet. lOTA who had been members of the Society. Sit gentlemen having gone ont by .rotation, the following gen. tlemen were duly elected to fill the vacancies :—Doctor Chamber*. Doctor Macon, Mr. Hunter, jun., Mr. Vincent. Mr. Humby, Mr. James. Some desultory conversation then tooltidace amongst the different members present, the .principal feature of which was, the cordial satisfaction expressed by a ll at fhe cheerful c o-op er ati on which every class of the profession had manifested in scum of this laudable institution, which has hitherto been content " to do good by stealth, and blush to find it fame." The Society WAS institated in the year 1788, since which period the advantages of it h a v e been gradually felt, and no w have become duly appreciated by all branches of the profession. The sum of Eleven Thousand Pounds has been distributed amongst persons eligible to receive assistance from the Society's funds, and at present twenty-one widows (some of whom have families) and orphans receive assistance annually. Thanks were voted to the Cha;rman, and the Meeting separated. CLERKENIVELL CHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY. Yesterday evening the Committee And friends of the above ex cellent Institution held their tenth annirmary, In the Committee. room of St. James's workhouse, the rev. :111'. SEEPEARD, A.M. in the Chair. A great number of clergymen and gentlemen were present, hut the treater portion of the assembly consisted of respectable female!. The Rev. Cflatttstait commenced the business of the evening by' observing, that the Initithtion they had met to further had encoun. tered opposition in some countries, owing to political cenvulaione, but notwithstanding this discouraging circumstence, upon the whole theynf tthe had pleasingca use. to n o t r e e l j l o i g iaa ence T o b f e th S e m t i rrogre y o i r a k to in Pda th aesa e East had beeno threawt Indies and South Africa. the region to which the Church Min. sionery Society principally dirtaed their labours. There were many instances where those who worshipped idols had been con vetted to the faith of Christianity, and become promulgators of that faith to their fella w-creatures. These instances of success should not, however, cause us to relax in our exertions, for" the harvest was truly great, but the labourers were few." Numbers of minion. aries were still wanting, and it was for Mash benevolence to send them forth to those regions, the inhabitants of which " sat in dark. ness and in the shadow of death." The Rev. Gentleman concluded an able address by invoking the Divine blessing on the parent SD. defy, of which this was one of many auxiliaries. The Rev. Mr. SMART, the Secretary, read the Report, by *Melt it appeared 'bat the sum of Y. 1.71. 2.a. 2 1 / 4 1. had been contributed this year, 1171. of which Were contributed by the Ladies' Committee ( Applause), making a general increase this year of 851. Os. Od. arid since the formation of the fiiociety, the funds of the parent In stitution had received from this branch the sum of 1,6621. 2s. 2d. (Apilsuse.) Rev. R. filiswt, the Curate of the parish of Clerkenwell, rose to propose the that resolution. He congratulated the Committee on the numerous and respectable friends who had assembled on the present occasion. After making some observations on the for mation of a similar Society at Louth (the scene of his former labours) and the success which attended it, the Reverend Speaker Inneneed that in this populous parish there was no t a rocm sufficiently capaious, either for purposesrike theprennt. or even for the education of the children of the 0T ; he hope d . however, that the day was not far distant, when a proper building would be erected for both purposes, so that every benevoleet friend to missions and to education might find an easy admission. The Rev. Gentleman then took a view of the importance of missionary exertions, and observed that if we wanted to consume a building by fire, we should apply the devouring element at every angle. So then, should Christians act—they should go about with a torch is their hands—the torch of Christen lore—and endeavour to annibi. late the temples of ignorance and superstition. It was the dying command of the'Saviour of Mankind, " Go forth into all the world , - and preach the Gospel to every creature." This command was given near two thousand years ago, and yet two thin)* or.tnc habitants of the earth had never heard the sound of his name. This consideration ought to have its influence on the mind of every Christian. The speaker, in conclusion, rationed the youth that were present to reflect on the honour of going forth es missionaries, and implored them to say, " here I en, send me." They might ablr, why do you not go yourself? His reply was, he had offered himself, and was now willing to go bud proclaim to the heathen, " Behold the Lamb of God, which hiked) away the sins of the world." (Applause.) He then proposed that ' the Report be received and printed urdet the direction of tbe,Committee." The Rev. EDWARD BICKERSTATIN Secretary to the Parent Society, seconded the motion, and was glad to see that the room was too small for the company. This populous parish contained near 50.080; yet, crowded as the room wan, how small a portion was present ? He then stated that the Church slissionery Socipty was in a flourishing condition, the funds having tectired an in. crease of 60001. during the last year ( Applause), and a gentleman who lives in Wales had recently contributed 5004 to the Society's fund, ; and a lady in the North of England hid made, first her 501. donation, 5001. and at 'env)) 10001. (Loud applause.) It was not the rich only to whom much was given, but the humble poor contributed of their little, which united together made no incon siderable accession to their funds. (Applause.) When the So. ciety was forme), several years elapsed before they could procure any English Missionaries, Germans only being engaged in the work, but recently upwards of sixty had offered themselves. (Ap. plane.) He congratulated the Meeting that another Bishop (Salisbury) had joined their Society, which made the number six, and the Bishop of London rendered great assistance in furthering the objects of the Society. This was the 25th year of the Society, in the 13th of which they had only two preachers , and not a single convert, hut at present the former had increased a hundred fold, and the fatter had become thousands who had embraced Christi anity. In reference to the state of the Society in India the Rev. Secretary stated that the venerable Bishop of Calcutta had preached to those converted to Christianity, and confirmed them accordingly to the ritual of the Church of England. (Applause.) In conclusion the Rev. Speaker observed that many persons con sidered that the pursuits the Society had in view were poor and mean. He (Mr. B.) would say, mean's the man who thinks it mean. (Ilear, hear.) Professor Lenart, of Cambridge, moved the next resolution, and observed upon what had fallen relative to persons who offered them selves as missionaries. These who go to teach others should ha men of confirmed habits, of Irreproachable chgracter, and acute knowledge ; the latter requisite he considered as essential as the former, for he would have to combat with sophisticated " wise men of the East." After adverting to the favourable impression thr ice Mr. Martyn had snide in Persia, and taken a glance at the difficulty of learning the dialects in oriental countries, he conclude.: by exhorting the assembly to continue stedfast and immovable in the work in which they were engaged. The Rev. Professor sat down amid loud plaudits. SAMUEL Bit-aenstraw, Eget. addressed the Meeting in an el t. Tient and energetic speech, which was loudly applauded. The Rev. J. LATHAM (a Missionary about to go to India), the Rev. Mr. Evarrsoie, and several other gentlemen, addressed the Meeting, at the breaking up of which a liberal collection was made in behalf of the funds of the Society. Sexelittles Or NATURAL. HiSTORT.—it is perhaps not so generally known as the interests of science demand. that " specimens illustrative of natural history" are, by a late Act of Parliament, admitted to entry &rig free. Thus, insects, shells, corals, stuffed birds, &c. whether importei . for sale or as presents, are no longer chargeable with any duty. Natortaa.Ltrx or Tatars --There are various opinions r speeding the full age or natural life of trees. The few following instances will show the length of time whiclt trees have been known to exist :—Mr. Galyne and others imagine that from 300 to 400 years form the natural life of the oak tree. An oak was felled in April, 1791, in the park of Sir John Rushout, Bart. at Northwick, near Blackly, its IVorcestershire ' judged to be about 300 years old. It was perfectly sound, contained 634 cubical feet of timber in the trunk, and the arms were estimated at 290 feet more. In Mr. Gilpin's work on forest scenery there is an account of oak trees in the new forest, which had marks of existence before the time of the conquest. The tree in the same forest against which the arrow of Sir IV alter 'fyrrel glanced, and killed King William Rufus, remains still a tree, though: much mutilated. In Mr. Robert Low's View of the Agri culture of Nottinghamshire several trees are said to have been lately felled in Sherwood Forest, which were burl to have cut in them I. R. or In. R. (Rex.) and some had a crown over the letters. Mr. M'll'illiarn, in his Essay on the Dryrot, goes still farther; he says, that many tree, might be mentioned, in this and other countries, which bear sufficient testimony of their being far above 1000 years old ; and he gives reasons for believing, that several•trees now exist above 3000 years old I 1 . , :I it ~ ' . , i , - 1 P 1 1 . . .ii t - 1 41 1 .. ..4 . ,i 2 . % 4 . 1 1 i 1 4 ii I, .. l , f , " 1 c I , i t I 1 4 i • • 4 • t i ( II I V • it l i t . ; I.