The British Press; or, Morning Literary Advertiser. — London, England, 1807-04-25 00:00:00

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The Fmtetla em44etably improved and aniasgad, L , v addatosta practical observat:ons, puce et. IMPERIAL PAR LIAML ST. HOUSE OF LORDS—FatoAT, 24. The Earl of Errol took the oaths and his seat. Lord Manneri, thel.ord Chancellor of Ireland, was introduced wish the accustomed formalities, by Lords Ellenhorotigh and Redel.dale. Hoeing subscribed to the necessary tests, he took his seat. The S errs Leone Bill, and a number of Private Nils, were read a second time. The Bill for thelteliet of Copyholdars, in certain eases, passed through a Committee, sod was re port..', with some amendments, proposed by Lord it sale-date .Lor 1 Althorpe, and Mr. Fa-. kes, bringht up se qr 'rat Private Bills from the Commons, which were read a Star rime. On the motion of Lord \VALSINGHAM, the I.an Interim Bill was read a third time, and passed. Alter the disposal of some private business, the House aOjornord until to-morrow. HOUSE UV COMMONS. Lam -1 S.ertor.i, and two other Members, took tilt oA;I:s :I':i. their Ge.lrs. d I 11.. N NIKER withdrew the former notice he lia.l;,ve:i of a Motion, intending to postpone it to another Session Sir .101 IN HENDERSON gave notice, that, on Tuesday neat, he would bring forward a Mo tion, with a view of making better provision to re lieve Sitting Members, against the Costs incurred by them, thrtitig,h Petitioners who should afterwards abandon their Petiticos, without giving sufficient notice. , Mr. Vansittart, at the B::r, brought up the Re port of the Committee of the Shrewsbury Ele&ion, ♦ie. ►hat the Honourable Grey Bennet eras not duly eleaed; also that the Petitienef,Tyrwhitt Jones, P;,i. was not duly eleited ; that the last Elation of Menst.ers, so tar a: respelis the Eleaion of the lion. Csey Benorr. was ad void EleCtion ; and that the Petition of l'yrsrit:tt Jones, Esq six; itst frivolous nor Vti4iiolll. On the minion of Mr. VANSITTART, it was then ordered that a nen• writ be isbued for the elec •tinn of a Burgess for the town of .iLrewsbury, in the room of the Hon. Giey flvnost, whose ciedian had been declared mad end Lan!. • A Iviesvage Gram the Lords stated, that their Lordships' hal agreed to the Oa% Bnik Bill. to the Irish L.-an Bill. and to sevoral private Bills. A•new writ wa4 moved for the lrirungh of New towa, in the lie of Wigh:, in the room of Sir Ro byn aarelay, who, since his de ion, had accepted the office of fiteirard of the Chiltern 1-llndreJa. Mr. WNG moved, " That it be an instruction to the Tru•nres of the Britisb Museum, appointed to tent of the purchase of the Lana Jobs n manuscripts, that they have power to consider of the expediency of thirjsbrchese or a:charge of the said manu script.. Sir PHILIP FRANCIS gate notice, that in the course of neat week he should move for the pro. dudion of papers received either by the Court of Ditedors or His Majesty': Ministers, relative to the late transad:ons at Vzllnte. Sir Philip said, he wished at the same time to put a question, whether it was in the contensplattnn of His Majesty's Go vernment to vote any isecttniary assistance to the East India Comp.ny, by way of Loan or other wise The CH ANC'ELI,OR of the EXCHEQUER. as we understood, said. tDat Le, and those with whom he had the honour of a‘!ling, had 11 , 1 yet had The opportunity of making up their minds on the subj• R. Mr. llobbonse brought up the Report of the Cominittee of Supply, which was received and agr,cd to. The Reversion Place Aholition Bill went through the Committee, and the Repwt cedered to be re c .ived on Tue.day rest. PAROCHIAL SCHOOL SILL. The Order of the Day bring read, tnt the farther Rep art of the Bill for establishing Parochial Schools throughow EviglAnd and Wales, Mr. 1V1111:BRE.:1) observed, that this Bill was totally independent of tie other Bil; relative to the Pont's Laws, and ought, therefore, to be considered on its own merits, and that this was the proper stage of the Bia agreed on for discussing the subjea. It appeared to him necessary, that some syster.2 of nu. tional education sh sold be introduced, whether any alteration should be ma !e in the Poor's Laws or not. The present Bill being an exa.2 copy of that which he originally had the honour to propose, there was, therefore. as necessity for any delay. He therefore moved, " That this Bill be re-commit ted," which being resolved, the question was then per, t`iat the House do now resolve itself into the said Committee. Mr. F.LLISON wished this say& to undergo a most mature examination, as it was part of a new and extensive apnea) of alteration of the Puur's Laws. This, and every other Bill, ought previous ly t go throrich the akimbo of that House, before it went into toe country. He thought it would be better not to pre s s this, and the Hon. Genntlernan's other Bills, through the House this Session ; but, in the mean time, to have the subjea so matured, upon a broad basis, as to be brought with greater advantage before another Session of Parliament. Mr. itOag said, as he was friendly to the prin ciple of the Bill, although he thought it capable of amendments, he had no nbjeihon to its going be fore a Committee, when it could be improved or altered in some of its parts. The Hon. Gentleman who had introduced it, was deserving the thanks of the House and of the public, tor taking so much pains upon this subje& ; hot still he thought there were deficiencies which required to be supplied. The Bill did not appear to have snggetcd any plan For finding employment for the poor. It proposed, thar the children of the poor should be entitled to rec-ive education fur two years, between the ages of 7 and 14. There was, however, among the lower orders. a strong disinclination that their children should be sent to school, or taught any useful work. This count hardly ►e credited, unless by those who had had occasion to witness the faa. as ha had,in the neighbourhood where he herd in the country. He was also doubtful, that the instrueion proposed won►d not tend to promote in the poor an inclination for agricultural occupations. He thought that the Magistrates should have some power of constraint over the parents of the pa ):, to bring their children to receive instruetion ; and that in the Schools of In dustry. useful occupations might be blended with instruEtion. At present, the Poor's Rates amounted annually to nrarl7 five millions ; bto however high the amount, there seemed nothing in the Bill intro " dured by the Hon. Gentleman, that went to dimi nish this expense ; he wasted, however, that by in traducing wise regulations, the expense of main ' raining the poor might be lessr:.ed. He had for merly put his ideas on this subjea into a printed form, and had particularly suggested the idea of ' forming Maritime Schools all round the coast, at which boys mil.,ht be maintaindd at one half of the expense which they now cost, (which he believed was about 141. a -head) ; and also that every British merchant vessel should be obliged to receive one or more of these boys, according to the tonnage. He proposed, that the boys in these Maritime Schools should be employed in useful habits ; and also, that they should be open for the reception of such b Sys as should be sent from the inland counties. By these means be calculated, that between 78 and iO.OOO might be usefully br.might up every year. Mr. Rose said, that after his plan was pi intrd, he had teund the same system ably detailed in another pub lication. Mr. FULLER Aserresl, that as the lion. Gent. (Mr. Whitbread) had thought fit to divide his ori zinal Bill into tour Bills. this shewed that he bad not at first fully considered the subjea of the Poor's Laws in all its beatings; he could therefore wish that the subje.ft should be deferred to another Sea. sion, when the Rill micht be introduced dr neve, with the benefit cf all the improvements which . might is the mean while be suggested. As far as the principle of the Bill.went to increase the com forts of the poor, he sincerely wished skit objet might be obtained ; bin it behoved Parliament to endeavour to give the poor virtue and morals. as well as instrudion; and he also wished. that some general pribciple should be adopted, that rewards as well as punishments might follow; tsor tad he approve of taxing parishes. in addition to the heavy Poor's Rates, for the education of their e:Ailth.:n. Mr. BULLER expressed his desire, that the !louse should resolve itself into a Committee, where any alterations br inipiovernelts which might be su%gested, could be introduced. _ _ RotiCOE observed, that to improve the morals of the lower orders of the people. was in itself most desirable. lie declared himself a friend to the education of the poor ; and thought that the Poor's Rates were likely to be lessened by means of the proposed Improvements ; for he himself knew certain parts of the coun:ry, where, in consequence of schools being estaLslishel. the r.ecessity of the Poor's Rates hadheen'inperseded ; and in some parts of Sr-tland (where Poor's Rates were unknown). and where the poor were almost all beggars before schools were established, now a very chlerent asped presented "► proper education would enable the pour aka: watils •e= to provide for themselves, whether by s maritime life or other wise. With respeft to the plan itsclf, laid down in the Rill, he conceived it to be pleM, predicable, and highly beneficial Mr. CALCRAFT said, that after attending to all he had heard, he was of opinion, that it would be most desirable to go into a general rumination of the entire toulsjeft, before the House came to a conclusion en at(y part of it. Eves y measure th.t tended to the amelioration of the coneinon of the poor, would meet with his approbation. He was, therefore, frienaly to the principle cf a national edu cation ; at the same tine, he thought, that Path i ment ought not to confine itself Merely tp a measure of education to the poor, but aria to principles of industry. One great advantage of a late mode of education (Mr. Lancaster's) was, that it took up but • small time of the scholar, whose progr uss in learn ing was JO rapid, as to afford opportunity also to introduce teaching of trades and mantifeeures. But he could rot assign the merit of this discovery in education to Mr. Lancaster. for a gentleman, a near neighbour of his, in the country (the Rev. Dr. Bell, Rector of Swansea), had, so tar back as the year 17i9, carried the same system into effect at Madras, with all desirable success. Siace Dr. Bell's arrival in this country, he had established a school in his (Mr. Calcrefe) neielibaurliood, also another at Whitechepel ; and alit;se it is the intention of the trustees of that school, to unite habits of it.- dastry with education. He wished to see this system of education carried as speedily into effed as pos sible; although he was aware, that unless it were accompanied with a sensible relief to the parishes, many of them would look to the expense, and mht prevent its being carried, generally, into ef. fed; or, at least, only with a tardy hand. Upon the whole, he could wish, that this measure might be postponed till the whole subject of the PUtlei Laws had undergone the fullest consideration; aed he should think it advisable to establish, in the nest Session, a Committee of Gentlemen to obtain infor mation from all quartere with a view of promoting the revision of the Poor's Laws. He did riot know, that carrying the present Bill into immediate effect, would hinder this general arrangement, unless the additional expense of these schools. • s the first in stance, might tend to prevent the adoption of any future and more general 'pleas of regulation and retain) of the pone. Mr. H. ERSK [NE said, he shoeld vote for this Bill now going into a Commieee. He consider ed the measure itself of educating the p lor, to be at once auspicious to virtue, to religion, to happiness, and to the industry of the poor, peiticulerly of those of the south p e lt of the isla nd, and that both here and hereafter. 'the Hon. Centletoan then descanted, in high terms of panegyric, on ere mo rality, good order, industry, and regard for reli gion in the people of Scotland, whil t they ehjnyed an almost total exempt. nit from the Poor's Rates ; and all this he attributed to their good and early education, and particularly to the establishment of parochial schools (at the expense of the land own ers.) But in Scotland education did not stop at the acquisition of knowledge or industry, but also isicul cated sobriety. morality, lied religion, and the pre. vention of idleness, dissipation. druakeenen, and vice. It was no good objcdion to this measure of parochial schools, that it was attended wins expense, for the same objediun might be made to any goal,' such as the establishment of manufactories, and the life ; fur such schools would eventually lead to mo ral, and also to political good consequences ; and, at the same time, would prove a serious rebel to poor parents. In a word, he was petsu.sded that this Bill would draw down on the Parliament, the blessing of the people . . and the blessing of God. Mr. DAVIES GIDDY declared, that is his part of the country, almost every man was taught to read, write, and cast accounts. and the women to. industry. But unless it can be made the interest of poor parents to bring up their children to habits of virtue, he doubted whether mere education would be of any service to them. Well regard to the idea of compulsory poor's rates, he viewed this system as radically bad, for it went to dissolve the feelings of the gentle charities or life toward. the poor and the unfortunate. Mr. SPZNCER STANHOPE considered the success of the proposed measure as doubtful. Be sides, to provide schools and houses WAS easier than to provide proper plasters and ttlisteeSteS ; the extent of the expense in populous paddies would also be very desirable; and suppo;ing the school maters to be obtained, he doulned whether they could procure scholars ; for he united there was nu intention to make the education of pox- children compulsory; and parents who wished to make the profits of their children's labour as early as possible, woald not be inclined to take their boys from plough to send them to school, without you at the sense time made them an allowance equal to their chil dren's earnings. Considering also the distance which, in extensive parishes, many children would be at, from those parochial schools, it was not likely that they would go to them. Mr. SHARPE observed, that hardly any thing had been said against the principle of the Bill ; but the arguments made use of had been principally for delay. The present was a subje& could have no relation to party purposes ; rte wished, therefore, to sheer to the people out of doors, that they were ever willing to suspend for a time questions of a political natare, that they might pay the first atten tion to topics of general utility. The question was not whether 'a person should be educated at all or not, but whether he should be well or ill educated ? for if persons were not educated by parents' or mas ters, they would educate thensielves for evil ; far it had been observed, that he who bad himself to edu cate, had generally a fool for his master. The gene ral force of experience was much in favour of this measure. We hat not only the experience of Scot land, but also of the North of England, which, by means of nose general education, excelled the peasantry in the South. Education promoted habits of industry , subtnission, discipline, emulation, and, for certain hours iu the day, to be doing at least no mischief;, all the elF:d of discipline was to create 3 great sensibility of punishment. Fie deprecated la, dser delay. Lord PORCHESTER was also against any far. they delay than what might aecessarily arise out of the dileolties of the case ; and as he wished that as soon as might be the House would deoide en the necessary or a national system of education, he was' • • • for going into a Committee on the pretest Bill. re. serving,tuture considerations to future times, Mt. ROSE and Lord PORCHESTER seven;;explained.7 Mi. al NI EON said, it was impossible to diuln, that educaiiun was a great national benefit t 10:t there was no occasion for going to the North, ~. fin.d instances of its advantageous eifeas. H e speeed the principles of the Reformation. 1. thought that a great W 1.4111 of increasing , knowledge, would be, the instrue•ng nt the Ipw• orders tit the people to read the Scriptures, w t had been translated from a dead langii to living. ur the express purpose of being • by all classes of society. He, however, 4 3 ,1 , . approve ct the plan of effeaing this (*lett h, stituting a. national school. It appeared t inconclusive reasoning to say, that because l! been found necessary to institute one in Sc-, in the year 1698, which was attended wit vantage, it was thrreltwe necessary to e, in 1807, in England. There was hardly 4 • in the Burgh which he represented, ?h et not learn to read, their educatkn being :it r rate of three-pence per week. He did cut a, prove of their being tau g ht arithmetic. •1:. thought that it would be an extrentulv unwise sure, to be laying a duty or assessment of onl a• ling in the pound upon parishioners, to effea wfac would not, in the end, tend to the general prosper rity. It was, in as great degree, merely a %Kula live measure. There was no want of Ciaks in every great town where Banks existed. On she / scary, there were lather more than could procure employment. 'Flue Bill would tinly tend to render the poor dissatisfied with their situations, and in• duce them to aim at others, by which they could not procure a livelihood. He admired the system which already prevailed, and particularly the Sun day Schools. In many cases it was difficult to pre vita upon the poor to send their children to thew Schools ; and if so, upon Sundays, what was to he expeded by compelling them to attend Schools up-;s other days? Upon the whole, he knew not how t: e Bill could possibly be extricated item its many r 5 kelonablr parts. ' Mr. GEORGE VANSITTART objeled to the expense attending the establishment of ParoO.l Schools, and was very doubtful as to the Poor of a country being able to write, beiog set- adrantaee to the community. To eatablish such Sc!sods, was to do away all the Charitable Inuitutions for in. titration, already instituted, and ve.,tald tend to d much more mischief than good. He, howeve-, should not objes to going into a Committee upon 1., as there might, perhaps, be some means of modify. tag it. so as to make it beneficial to society. Mr. BATIWRST said, so Many doubts were entertained, concerning the probable effeets of such a Bill, that he was inclined toi think very little advantage could be derived from it. it. was a measure which he kaew had already ar peared objeSionable to many of his Constitute:, and others throughout the mammy. It tendei: to produce a spet.ies ci:" education much beyond what is necessary for the poor in their conirnr,n of fices of life. Tiic case of Scotland had no sou of application to the present consideration. That p.rt of the kingdom was, indeed, rapidly novoitching into a stale of great cultivation, and even of loamy; but was this to be solely attributed to the means af. forded for education t Was it net to be attributed to the spirit of industry, sobriety, and natural abilities of the Scotch people?' To force upon the poor of this country a system of education, would only be creating it, jury to agriculture,and per haps even to our manutaetures. The state of so ciety, and die manners of the people in the two countries, were very different. Education must be voluntary, and then it would be attended with beneficial effeils. The plan itself was much too extensive fro any one Bill. How was it possible to apply it even to this metropolis?' The people could easily be instruffed in the Scriptures, although they were not able to read, there being already ample means furnished for that desirable purpose. It was impossible to suppose, that because schools were instituted, the means of instrndion were pro- vided. The labouring poor would not send their children, to continuo for the space of two years under that wholesome discipline which was intend ed to be administered ; they would rather choose to beneGt by their labour. instead of having them learning to read and write. He was very doubt:al if it would be possible to modify it. Mr. WILBERFORCE said, that he thought the House and the Country acre under great °blip Lions to the Hon. Gentleman who had introduced this measure, as it must have required much esti. Lion and attention to make nut lour such Bills as those before them ; but at the same time he could not help thinking, that Pat liament ought to proceed with great caution moon such a subjea. They wart now uadertaking, for the first time, a great wori,. which had been too long delayed, the diffusion o f the benefits of education ; and therefore they ought to take care lest it mitot not prove .pre y s elicits' in «one respells, while it was advan tageous in others. He could gaol). conceive many modifications which such a Bill might undergd, and amongst mhos, the com Sining (.1 voluntary cc,i tributions, according to the different circumstances of places, and the means of instruction vino lr each might possess ; and, therefore, he appi , v.- , of the 11011!!! going into a Cummittee. The s ic... raging a desire in the lower orders cf the people better their situation, did not appear to him an r`. jeitionable part of the Bill ; because, it was DAN rid 'diet hope should exist in the breast el ever one, to push himself for ward in :he scale of hurro , beings. As far, however, as he had been able observe the disposition of the country, as this Bill, it had cot been received so favourably ask could have wished. He himself had received vanoto representations against it, prin.: ipally on accomit ot having bee .s presapitately intr.iduced. Although was fur going into the Committee, he was press', ig it for.vard afterwards till such time as fo• liament eimil be informed more particularly the the real sentiments of the country regaril;ng it. agreed in regard to what had been sold cl Scotland. and ascr ibed a good. deal of that order an:l m'^• l condua, industry, and rectitude, which pi, railed it , . that pert of the cr"ntry, to their generui system sr education. It wonl.l be important th : i: the systssu, now to be adopted here.stionid be ecoubi oe d with OS dune advaauges which made men valuable sn:ID• btuofM under s bi,zttty D ien by h:niog* par Ie of. lard the fc ;traded Mr. IV c:je.l of ~prove ! kely to wo•ibt in to stand ,6,11 cod Osg as tt t 3 the gi try. It and iovol ibe sysi ,tional :;—r. r`vswed vast we unify a ,-.temed L acute we shot cannot Fletely, Laws t of those say, whi Teenier, them sa existing 11. , apY. Lions? Cation. i Every It take of be injur society; be bens Bibles. suPlme selves t Cher de papers, uon be teacher to It woo Malt, cal dist full! i as that Cams, ho same be schonli twig!), lxt ge and du doubt are ei would ical. anultip ean& Rated Scotch being He mi a man of his periori tag an, =oche VPu solely mon; climat ferenti the b:, 6nti th of the that 4 vfirint exua 1 a very mantra rate ti from, t mural, owing (*Um ii74 1 .- i i tics al