The Statesman. — London, England, 1818-01-08 00:00:00

_ -.-.111.....-...-. asr z_ toe the Sinking Feed, In ten millions ; making in" the whole aseentt-one millions eight hundred thou sand dollars; leaving an annual excess of Re.; venue, beyond the Espenditore, of two millions seven hundred thousand dollars, exclusive of the balance estimated to be is the Treasury on the first day of Jaheary, 1818. ~."41e,tbss 'meat state of the_ Tceasnry, tie whole *fate Leeislana Debt may be redeemed in the year '1819; after which, if the Peblic Debt centiusm as it doe Is, above par, there will be annually about -doe minima of the Sinking Fend arseepended, until the year 1815, when the Loan of 1812, and the . . Bth created by'funding Treasury Notes, will be Redeemable. 66 It is also estimated that the Mississippi Stock will be discharged define the year 1819, from the proceeds of the public lands assigned to that object • after which the receipts from th o se lauds will annual: ly add to the Public Revenue the sum of one million five hundred thousand dollars, making the permanent annual Revenue amount to twenty-six millions of dollars, and leaving an annual excess of Revenue, after the year 1819, beyond the permanent aetho tised espenditare, of more than four millions of dollar.. " By the last returns from the Department of War, the Militia force of the several States may be Jastimeted et eight hundred thousand won, Infantry. Adige*, end Ca r'• Great part of this force is armed, and merseeires are taken to OM the whole, .An improvernest in the organization and' discipline 'of the Militle, is one of the great objects which claims the unremittedottention of Congress. • The regular force amounts nearly to the number .trequired by law, and is stationed along the Atlantic end inland frontiers. " Of the Naval Force, it has been necessary to maintain strong squadrons in the Mediterranean, and in the Gulf of Mexico. " From several of the Indian Tribes inhabiting the country bordering on Lake Erie, purchases have been made of lands, on conditions very favourable to the United States, end it is presumed, not less so to the Tribes themselves. By these perchases, the In dian title, with moderate reservations, has been ex tinguished to the whole of the land within the limits of the State of Ohio, and to a great part of that in the Michigan territory and of the State of Indiana. From the Cherokee Tribe a tract has been purchased, in the State of Georgia, and an arrangement made, by which, in exchange for lands beyond the Missal sippi, a great part, if not the whale of the land be longing to that Tribe, eastward of that river, in the States of North Carolina, Georgia, end Tennessee, and in the Alabama territory, will soon be acquired. Dy these acquisitions, and others, that may reasonably be expected soon to follow, we shall be enabled to extend our settlements from the inhabited parts of the State of Ohio, alonglAkeErie, into the Michigan terri tory, and to connect our settlement by degrees, through the State of Indiana and the Illinois territory, to that of Missouri. A similar, and equally advan tageous effect will soon be produced to the South through the whole extent of the States and Territory which border on the waters emptying into the Mis sissippi and the Mobile. In this progress, which the rights of nature demand, and nothing can prevent, marking a growth rapid and gigantic, it is our duty to make new efforts for the preservation, improve. meut, and civilization of the native inhabitants. The hunter state can exist only in the vast uncultivated desert. It yields to the more dense and compact form, and greater force, of civilized population; and of right it ought to yield, for the earth was given to mankind to support the greatest number of which it is capable, and no Tribe or People have a right to withhold from the wants of others more titan is ne cessary for their oaks support and comfort. It is gratifying to know, that the reservations of land made by the Treed., with the Tribes on Lake Erie, were made with a view to individual owoership among them, and to the cultivation of the soil by all, and that an annual stipend has been pledged to supply their other wants. It will merit the con sideration of Congress, whether other provision, riot stipulated by the Treaty, ought to be made for these Tribes, and for the advancement of the liberal and humane policy of the United States towards all the 'nib's within our limits, and more particularly tor their imprevement in the arts of civilized life. 64 Among the advantages incident to these pur chases, and to those which have preceded, the secu rity which may thereby he afforded to our inland frontiers, is peculiarly important. With a strong barrier, consisting of our own People, thus planted on the Lakes, the Mississippi, sod the Mobile, with the protection to be derived from the regular force. Indian hostilities, if they do not altogether cease, will henceforth lose their terror. Fortifications in those quarters, to any extent, will not be necessary, and the expence attending them may be saved. A People accustomed to the use of fire-arms only, as . the Indian tribes are, will shun even moderate works, which are defended by cannon. Great for tifications will therefore be raquiste only in future along the emit, and at some points in the interior connected with it. On these will the safety of oar towns, and the commerce of our great rivers, from the Bay of Fundy to the Mississippi, depend. On these, therefore, should the utmost attention, skill, and labour, be bestowed. " A considerable and rapid augmentation in the value of all the Public Lands, proceeding from these and other obvious causes, may henceforward be ex pected. The difficulties attending early emigrations, will be dissipated even in the most remote parts. — Several new States have been admitted into our Union, to the west and south, and territorial Governments, happily organized, established over every other por tion in which there is vacant land for isle. In ter minating Indian hostilities, as must soon be done, in a formidable shape at least, the emigration which has heretofore been great, will probably increase, and She demand for land, and the augmentation in its value, be in proportion. The great increase of our population throughout the Union will alone produce an important effect, and in no quarter will it be so sensibly felt as in those in contemplation. The Pab-, tic Lands are a Public Stock, which ought to be dis posed of to the best advantage for the nation. The na tion should, therefore, derive the profit proceeding from the continual rise in their value. Every en couragement should be given to the emigrants, con sistent with a fair competition between them ) but r rIIIIIIII""r 4.- :,,.:• ' s , . . ;, • . .. . , • • ' t ...-..-......-...1 , —___-...-ar,..awanallaromarmmaomar• ' 7 incidel to'Gls wi eluding the annual augment the extent provided for ; to' the Payment of the In. tereat on the Public Debt, and to the eatingaishment of it ■t the time authorised, without the aid of the internal Taxes; I consider it my duty to recommend to Congress their repeal. To impose Tales when the Public exigencies require them, is an obligation of the most sacred character, especially with a five People. The faithful fulfilment of it is among the !sighed proofs of their vir►ue and capacity for seltlovers. meat. To dispense with taxes, when it may be duo, with perfect safety, is equally the duty of their Re. presentatives. In this instance we have the satisfac. Lion to know that they were imposed when the demaed was imperious,' and have been sustained with ex. emplary fidelity. I have to add, that however gra.' tifying it may be to me, regarding the prosperous sad happy coodition of our country, to recommend time repeal of these taxes at this time, I shall neverthe.. less be attentive to events, and, should any future emergency occur, be not less prompt to suggest such measures and burthens as may then be requisite and proper. " Washington, Dec. el, Igl7. eon, opinion of their respective interests might dictate. I submit this subject to the coosideration of Congress, that such further provision may be made in the sale of the Public Lands, with a view to the public interest, should any be deemed expedient, as in their judgment may be best adapted to the object. 44 When we consider the vast extent of territory within the United States, the great amount and nise i of its productions, the connection dint parts sod other circumstances, on which their prosperity and hat*. nes depend, we cannot fail to entertain a high sense of the advantage tote derived from the facility which may be afforded in the intercourse between them, by means of good roads and canals. Never did a cons try of each vet Went offer equal i n ducements t o im prevenient, of this kind, nor ever were consequences of such magnitude involved in them. As this subject , was acted on by Congress at the last Session, and there may be a disposition to revive it at the present, I have brought it into view, for the purpose of com- ' eunicatingAny sentiments en • very important cir commence connected with it, with that freedom and candour which a regard for the poblic interest, and a proper respect for Congress, require. A difference of opinion hes existed, from the first formation of our Constitution to the present time, among our most enlightened and virtuous Citizens, respecting the right of Congress to establish such a system of improvement. Taking into view the trust with which I am now honoured, it would be improper, after what has passed, that this discussion should be revived with an uncertainty of my opinion respecting the right. — Disregarding early impressions, I have bestowed on the subject all the deliberation which its great im portance, and a just sense of my duty, required ; and the result is, a settled conviction in my mind, that Congress do not possess the right. It is not contained in any of the specified powers granted to Congress ; nor can I consider it incidental to or a necessary mean, viewed on the most liberal scale, for carrying into effect any of the powers which are spe cifically granted. In communicating this result, I cannot resist the obligation which I feel to suggest to Congress the propriety of recommending to the States the adoption of an amendment to the Consti tution, which shall give to Congress the right in question. In cases of doubtful construction, espe cially of such vital interest, it comports with the nature and origin of our institutions, and will con tribute mach to preserve them, to apply to our Con stituents for an explicit grant of the power. We may confidently rely, that if it appears to their sm. tisfaction, that the power is necessary, it will always be granted. In this case I ate happy to observe, that experience has afforded the most ample proof of its utility, and that the benign spirit of conciliation and , harmony which now manifests itself throughout mar Union, promises to such a recommendation the met prompt and favourable result. I thilk proper to suggest, also, in case this measure is adopted, that it, be recommended to the States to include, in the' amendment sought a right in Congress to institutes likewise, seminaries of learning, for the ell-int. portaot purpose of diffusing knowledge among oar fellow.citizens throughout the United States. " Our manufactories will require the continued attention of Congress. The capital employed in this is considerable, and the knowledge acquired in the machinery and fabric of all the most useful mane. factures is of great value.—Their preservation, which depends on due encouragement, is connecte d: with the high interests of the nation. 46 Although the progress of the public buildings has been as favourable as circumstances have per mitted, it is to be regretted that the Capitol is not yet in a state to receive you.—There is good cause to presume that the two wings, the only parts as yet commenced, will be prepared for that purpose at the nest Session. The time seems now to have arrived when this subject may be deemed worthy the atten tion of Congress, on a scale adequate to the national purposes. The completion of the middle building will be necessary to the convenient accommodation of Coop , ss, of the Committees, and various offices belonging to it. It is evident that the other public buildings are altogether insufficient for the accommo dation of the several Executive Departments, some of whom are much crowded, and even subjected to the necessity of obtaining it in private buildings, at some distance from the head of the Department, and with inconvenience to the management of the piddle business. Most nations have taken an interest and a pride in the improvement end ornament of their metropolis, and none were more conspicuous in that respect than the ancient Republics. The policy which dictated the establishment of a per manent residence for the National Government, c and the spirit in which it was commenced and has been prosecuted, show that such improvement was thought worthy the attention of this nation. — Its central position between the northern amid southern extremes of oar Union, and its approach to the west, at the heed of a great navigable river, which interlocks with the western waters, prove the wisdom of the councils which established it. Nothing appears to be more reasonable and proper than that convenient accommodations should be provided, on a well digested plan, for the beads of the several de partments, and for the Attorney-General ; end it is believed that the public ground in the city, applied to those objects, will be found amply sufficient. I sub mit this subject to the consideration of Congress, that such further provision may be made in it, as to them may seem proper. " In contemplating the happy situation of the United Slates, our attention is drawn, with peceliar interest, to the surviving officers and soldiers of oer Revolutionary Army, who so eminently contributed, by their services, to lay its foundation. Most of those very meritorious citizens have paid the debt of nature, and gone to repose. it is believed that among the survivors there are some not provided for by ex isting laws, who are reduced to indigence, and even to real distress. Tbese men have a claim on the gra. " JAMES MONROE." • FRENCII PAPERS. CHAMBER. OF DEPUTIES, JAx.S. --- - The Central Committee for the defiKitive elimina tion of the Budget was completed to.dsy ; the first Bureau having nominated as its Committee-men, the Counts Beognot and de In Bourdonnaye. Those nominated by the other Bureau: were mentioned before. The Chamber has to deplore another loss, in the death, yesterday morning, of one of its Members, M. Goupy, sen. Deputy for she Department of the Seine, Governor of the Bank of France. It is es• peeled there will he a Secret Committee on Monday, to appoint a Deputation of teen Members to attend his funeral. No day is yet appointed for the Lett public Sitting. THE- ST_4TESIVE,4IV. LONDULY : THURSDAY. JANUARY 8, 1848 —.....—. AMERICAN PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. We are Walley enabled to lay before our.Reedeti a full copy of , the Message of the PRESIDENT of the United States to Congress. It was brought by a New York Mail, by which we have received Weve York Papers to the 6th alt. and much interesting information. The Message is pregnant with im portant matter. It has been hailed with much satis faction in America ; and, ludeed, the People of the United Stales bare much reason to congratulate themselves on, this exposition of the state of their af fairs. It presents a State of the Nation highly ear• tering to the hopes and the just pride of every Ame rican ; and to. European Despots and nations green• ing under the scourge of arbitrary power, affords a lesson of practical experience, which both Rulers and People Mould do well to study and bear in mind. Simplicity in Government is favourable to the wealth of a Nation, while the pride of ostentatious power absorbs almost every national comfort io its vain and selfish Tortes. The Speech of the first Magistrate of the American Republic, exemplifies the effects of that form of Government and policy, which, aim big at the consolidation of national interests and popular sympathies, hews erected a throne of wis dom and simple happiness, which is at once the foundation of wealth, and the source of security to a ra-t empire. The Message contains plain sense its a plain English dress; and it will be seen from this _ PARIS, JAN. 4.—By an arrangement of the Ili- important document how much an amicable relation nester of the Marine and Colonies, the Micea of with Old England is still recommended and prized in that Ministry are to be newly organised from the lit America. The commencement of the Speech is a feli instant, from which will result a great reduction in citation on the prosperous mid happy condition of the expenditure, and in the number of persons tn ployed. - the country ; and every point enumera ted j ustifies General Sebastiani, from Corsica, arriv ed at Mar- , ! the congratulation. What a contrast to the dekko seines the 27th ult., and is in his way to Paris. lions iii our Revenue doe, thestate of the American Paris, at the present moment, has 1,109 streets, Treasury afford I. flow different the situation and 10 lanes, 111 passagea, 32 quays, IS boulevard., prospects of the People of the two English 87 places, 31 squares, 121 ranges of building with- ,. ~ 1110 Itt•SIDENT states, that the Tree out thoroughfare, 10 public promenades , 56 bafflers, "i'lug"' . i 16 gates, 16 bridges. 1 0 halls, 28 mark ets, nine pd. sury is rich, and the Public Re v e nue in. twos, 13 barracks. 12 palaces, two cathedrals (Notre creasing. " The abundant fruits of the earth have Dame anti Saint Genevieve), 38 churches (pedalo's filled the country with plenty. An eztensive sod and cures), four temples, five college s , 15 hospitals, profitable Commerce has greatly augmented the nine other charitable foundations. and 10 theatres. Reveuue, and Public Credit has strained an extraor- Regular butte's have been ordered by the Prefect dinar in the department of Moselle , in c onse q uence of the y elevation." Look on that picture and on this, g reat number of wolves which infest it, and spread which the lamentable details of hu man sufferin g alarm through the country. which we are every day compelled to record'as the A French ship from Bourdeaux was lately chased off Malaga by a corvette of 18 gu ns and 300 men, c h ar acteristic features of our national s ituation, and under the English (lag. The corvette afterwards Reader ! draw what inferenc e y ou choose. The and finding the ship was external as well as internal relation s of the United hoisted Barbary colours , French, did not molest it. States are placed on the most desirable footing. An The Journal de la Belgique. of the 31st ult. states, amicable arrangement on every point in controversy that the evening before the Police of Brussels paid between the States and this country has been con domiciliary visits to Mesdames Gruget and Cauchois- Lemaire, expecting to find theie husbands, the Ea- eluded, except the difference b et ween the two Govern- Editors of Nain.Janne, but the sarch was fruitless. mee ts respecting the right of the Am e r icans to take and cure fish on the coast of the British Province Colonel James Campbell Mitchell , in the En g lish north of the United States' lim its, which sub j ect is service, died the '24th ult. at Lyons , w her e he had resided for a year with his family. Lieutenant- still in negociation. As to Spain, the most clear and General Maurice Mathieu, Commandant of the 19th Divisi on, arranged his funeral with all the military sa t isfactory account is given . It is stated that it has honours due to his rank. been the policy of Spain to keep the ne g ociations with die United States suspended, and in this state A bell, weighing thirty-five quintals, belonging to the principal church at Perpignan, fell d own on the the still appear to be, on the score of boundaries and 23d ult., and killed one of tte ringers. A great spoliation on commerce. The statements respecting crowd were at the church attending the midnight Amelia Island and the Florida, are such as have al- Mass, but fortunately no other person was hurt. ready been laid before the Public. But the most in- Five per Cents.—Saturday-651: sr. teresting declaration is that which regards the South Mammal, Dr :c. 28.—The Hanoverian Diet has American Colonies. The PRESIDENT says, the States been actively engaged at Hanover since the 18th " hue regarded the contest, not in the light of an or instant. They are occupied in discussions relative to the establishment of a uniform system of taxes. The dinary insorrection or rebellion, but as a civil war be . Project prepared for this purp ose meets with much twee° parties nearly equal, baring, as to po w er s, e q ual approbation in the kingthm ; but it is opposed by rights. Our ports," he adds, in the spirit of the Act some of those who have heretofore enjoyed an indem of Neutrality, " have been open to both, and every nity from Imposts. .By a Rescript of the E m p eror of Austria, the art le the fruit of oqr soil, or the industry of our Convent of Augustitsa at Salzburg has been sup. citizens, whizh either was permitted to take, has pressed. been equally free to the other. Should the Colonies FRANKFORT, DEE. 28.—1 n the 58th Sitting of the establish their independence, it is proper now to Diet, on the 18th instant, the Baron de Plessen, Mi. side ' that this Government neither seeks, nor would nester Plenipotentiary from the Grand Duchess of j Mecklenborgh, expressed a wish f or the execution of ' accept, front them any advantage, in Commer ce or the 13th Article of the Federative Act, which has for otherwise, which will not be equally open to all other its object the establishment of Assemblies of States iu nations. The Colonies will, in that event, become Germany. The Diet resolved that the Ministers Independent States, free from any obligation to, or should inform their Courts of this proposition, and connection with us, which it may not be their in request instructions respecting it. terest to form on the basis of a fair reciprocity"-- BERLIN, Dec. 21.—There is mach talk * here of a considerable duty being about to he imposed upon This is an encouraging declaration for the Southern all articles of English manufacture imported into the I Patriots. It, is observed that it has been neces- Prussian States. slay to maintain a strong naval force in the AUGSBURCIII, Dac.27.—lt is confirmed by several Gulf of Mexico , and in the Mediterranean. The letters, that Austria and Prussia are about to propose to the Germanic Diet to establish a sy stem respecting s t a tement relating to the Indian tribes , the sloe- the Liberty of the Press, as to hive i uniform chases of vast tracts of land from them, to form a law upon (he subject, obligatory throughout Ger- public stock to be disposed of for the public sdrin miny, in order to repress the abuse of that Liberty. cag e, and the rapid augmentation in the value of It ie. believed that a very important communication those lands, are so many subjects of national Con upon this subject will very shortly be made to the . gratulation, On the question of the powers of C on- Diet F R ANKFORT, DEC. 30.--M. Felix Dvsportee, who 1 gress to establish public roads and canals, and to do was arrested here, has been set at liberty, and is to whatever the public good may require, se wonder 1 I r.ol abr.. "--- -W-- ...--, - - • ' . , N • .. • 1 % • . TIIE STATESMAN. • . , . _ , . . s6ol4 ; elition should operote, in the first sales to - titad• a theitcou ntry, i na it will do honour toftetiff tj ~ 'OS 'ire Dirripitf7 1 . . Iy. . • , e advantage of the swim vattiet thau'of WANT their itountr jte--providelorAels. The lapse of a : Frankfort. - Paid with certainty contra ct • A rais. - Greet capitalists will derive all the benefit few years more and the opportunity will be for ever I Bess.r.,,Dec. •,. tait i g cident to their supetior wealth, under any mode of lost: indeed, so long already, has hem the interval, ! the report of • Mettler' roops forming part of the Irrwhich may be adepted. But if, looking forivard that the number to be benefited by any provision 1 Army of Occupatti* • ,abost t? tpiffrance. ... the rise in the value of this Public Lands, they which may be made win not be great. ••• There is no preparation to udicatryani ,Ith rieasure. lould have the opportunity of amassing, ave low 46 It appearing in a satisfactory manner that thee - _:___ 1_ I. _ __*- —-.= A . —,,,,.. rice, vast bodies in their hands, 'the profit will Revenge arising from imposts *and Tonnage, and I PRICE OF FrOCKS tills DAY AT ONE crcLocar. :true to them, and not to the Public. They woold from the Sale of the Public Lands will be fully I Mask Smek b per Gest. Navy lOW so have the power, in that degree, to controul the adequate to the support of the Civil Government of : 3 per Cant. Red. 8111 •- Itidia Roads 192 lot p nigration and settlement in such manner as their the present Military and Naval - Establishments, in- it o Per ICl:erntlathiost MO stuck Lung Aim 2tll • • . ..__!_. _..—.:-. :-.......r. gaieht dielale. I decline the annual augmentation of the latter, to I 4 13141 Ce fir A C i iy i 1 - • r I per °I • Bacbegaer Riia 19 25 p