The National Register. — London, England, 1819-11-14 00:00:00

374 DEMAGGGL'ES AND rArielors. There arc ccrtain tests by which the demagogue may be distinguished fnmi the patriot : I.Theft:masters ot patriotism is virtue ;-rt private life. The leat i e e i s rea red amidst the charities of home : he learns to love ails coontry, *two his mother's bong, from his father's prayer, front his wife** respect and tenth:mem; from hie children's love cud duty. Such wele the patriots of old ; such was Win. Tell; such was Washington; such are thousands in En• land. l'he demagogue has neither .haut nor household god : he wan der, to and fro; he edema his aptness w manage the uffairs of the ceninion-wealth by the neglect and ruin of his own family. Such sae Catiline; such are the modern demagogues. Y. The patriot prelims the good of his country to his private peel. When leinmey was in the commission for purveyance for a famine at Homo. he was vehemently dissuaded by his friend from riekkg hie life, by venturing to sea in an extremity of wea ther "It is tieceeeury that I should sail, not that I should live," —X,: etc cut ht cam, non Id iiront,—was his answer. The demagogue refers all things to himself as if he were the 'old's centre, and cares not in all tempests what become,: ot the oliip of the state, so diae he may use innufell in the cock-boat of his oon fortune. • The patriot's conduct originates in love of his country ; the demagogue's in love of himself, either to gratify his irritability because a re:atonable or an unreweonehle request has been roused. • oe to force his way by virulence and invective, or to he pleased with the .nun of his own harangues; or as some reason for neg• Meting his nearest coiemexione:-.." II plow kr To,tones puss etre dispense d'oinzei ses noisins." 3. As tie! sailor obtains knowledge of the art of navigation, • that his Ve4.41 may not strike on a r.xit, and Le wrecked, 60 the patriot studies tile science of govenireent,that lie may not mislead or be misled by an howl:cams zeal. Ile remembers the admit. piton of John Nlilton, that •• he who is born to promote the public good, shoold read the law of God above hi. years, and make it his whole delight." lie remembers time admonition of Sucre:es, " that theeneaneet trade is not attempted without an • apprenticeship. but every man thinks himself qualified by in . tuition ler the hardest ut all tradee, that of government." lime demagogue can manage a ship in the tempest, although be never saw the ocean; he can cure disuses, although lie is *unacquainted. with the structure of the hunian body: lie would le a governor, without any knowledge of the being to be governed. . 4. The patriot is seldom a member of any party. lie does not surrender his juknient to eny man, or to any body of oven. He dyes not adopt optimicit upon trust. Ile dees not unite himself to the °meters of Government ; nor does he join those herds and Haack. of people who follow any body that whistles to them or drives them to pasture. The happiness of his court:lm.y is his rule of conduct : his mode of ascertaining it is the exercise of his own mirderetanding. Time demagogue is the worst of all partisans. lie is the Bader ut die mob ; the triton among s t the minnows. 5. The petriet does not deny This governors their due praise. lle says, with John elilton. " This is not the liberty winch we can hope, that no grievance ever should rise m the common wealth ; that, let no man in this world expect. But when com plaints are freely heard, deeply . coneidered,apd speedily reformed, then is the Ullllo4l, bound of civil liberty attained, that wise men iota fur. " This ie true liberty, when freeborn men, " Having to advise the public, nosy speak free." The demagogue is marked by acrimonious end unremitting opposition to the court. His :we of the people consists in exco dig hate against the Government. If public distress melitie the lower orders to turbulence, I.c infuses vindictive and discontented fanciee into their minds. lie exaggerates the evils to produce rim. Ile inflates passing events into permanent causes of misery. lie displays defects *Wee:et their aceompaaying advantages. lie wide:ills by chains of simple questions where the apparent answers are obvious, but pi; teal &Ili% era require. the cuinpreueu men of a system. fl. The patriot views the people as a father views his chi' Ircn, erring and liable to err frolu want of knowledge; he therefore avails imiinself of every opportunity to demise information amongst lite countrymen. lle endeavours to inculcate right opiniuns.into higher ranks, and by their influence to regulate the lower. He lives with time wise. tho temperate, the regular, and the virtuous. The deimingegue professes to wish that education should be progressive, but he dreads and shuns intellect. The frogs arc sihot when a light appears. Ile endeavours to infuse his opinions into the indigent, who are always inflammable; into the Limit!, es7:o are nataralle thepicious; into the ignorant, who are eaeily thieled ; cud into the profligate, who here no hope but from 7. The patriot views the people as a tither views his children, erring and liable to err from the impulses of generous or twin' • lent revision: he therefore prevents their being hurried to excess by popular harangues. The demagogue promotes them ; he rnisleade the popnlace by addressee to their best and to their worst passions; he deceives the Humid with fietitiolis iniechief; appeals to the judgment, and tlatters the vanity of ignorance ; he slanders honesty, and insults qgnity. lie tad.s of natural equality; time abstinlite of meny wade for one; time original 'co.upact ; the foundution of autho rity ; the rights of malt; the majesty of the people; the advances of the prerogative; and the danger of arbitrary power. The petrime eleeds fur the people; the demagogue pleads to them.— • • At the conclueion ut the American war, while the citizens of t :e United States were anticipating the bleeeings of ewace, their army, to which America was so greatly indebted, was unrewanled far its services.. The StAtes e which list been rescued by its exer tions, were in no condition to pay them... An attempt was made by . the ar.onytuotis and seditious publications to inflame the mods of time oracers and soldiers, and induce them to unite in redreseing their own grievances, while they had arms in their halide. As mat :es General Washington was itiformed of the nature of Mos.: papers. he requested time generitl and field tethers. with one officer them each eetupany, and a proper repre seatation of the staff of time army, to user:dile on .in early day. The General vent for each °Mix, separately, and enlarged in rivate on the fatal consequences, end particularly on the loss of diameter to the w lode army, which would result from intempe rate leselutions. When the officers were convened, the com mander addresoei them, lie pledged himself to exert all his rdluence in their favour, and reeeestel them to rely on the faith tit theft emit:try, and memjured them, "as they valued their ho • woe, as they respected time rights of hitmenity, and es they m e fed the military and national eleuacter of America, to expi e m their :teeing detestation to the .1114 n who was attempting me ope n e m e fleu.'getts iii civil dieeord. and deluge their rising t...ioire aid; blood." Gin. Washington then retired. No reply wast: ver was mu ale to the General's speech. After a short silence. resolutitia was unanimously adopted, by which they declared• tect no etrcunistar.ce of distress *hots]: • elute a conduct that weet uod to sully the reputation and glory they bad acquired; that the a: ny continued to have an uneliaken cop ;dunce in the j mice of (entrees and their wormy; and th.et they viewed with r Awn.' Mfr. aid rejected with disdain, the ;aft:moue proeositiomie tne lett anonymous addian to the intlhor: of the army." t'. 'l'ne patriot promotes a masculine and independentenirit in the tool is: he is always peaty to countenance their just Claims, vela an Mont their reasoaable hopes: lie remolds theinfrequentiy ef their rights; lie encourages them to oppose encroachments, and to multiply securities. Time demagogue debeses the spirit of liberty by inflaming all classes to acts of violence e he countenames the claims of the people, whether just or unjust, and rehes false hopes to secure his own purposes. 9. If necessary Pm the happiness of the people, the patriot in ems their culotte ; elthotigh ; a: arm warutunmt of.ood, he is not THE NATIONAL REGISTEIL. indifirent to lar praise. Applause is the demagogue's e: be is if-not popular: he is elated exis tence: by the triumph. ra:7 .by the cause o victory. Instuol of opposing the errors of the multitude. he encouragessiieir prejudice% and inflames their passions. He unites in the condemnation of Phocion, and in the cry of Barabbes. st Mask," said Demosthenes to the natieniants• " my counsels unto you are nut such whereby I should grow great amongst you, and you become little amongst the Grecians: but they are of that nature as are sometimes not food for me to gave, hut are always good for you to follow."—When Phocion's friends bid him beware how he offended the people, he answered, 'They may wrongfully put me to death for speaking for the benefit of soy country. hut they would have reason to do so if I continue silent." And judgment was given by voices of the people. no man sitting, but all standing up, and most of them with garlinds on their heads: and l'hocion was condemned to death. -It was," says an old translator of Plutarch, " the nincoontli day of the. month of Munichion. (to wit, March) on which day the Knights, were wont to make a solemn procession in (inims of Jupiter; howbeit, rimise of them lereoff the garland of flowers which they should have worse on their beetles and others also looking toward. the prison dour, its they went by, barbt out a weeping: tor they whose hearts were not alusger her. demist with cruelty, and whose judgements were not wholly sup. pressed with ennui, thought it a grievous sacriledge against the goddess, that they did not let that tiny passe, but that they did defile so :adenine a feast, with the violent death of* man. Hits enemies notwithstanding continuing still their anger against hint. made the people passe a decree, that his belie should be banished and carried out of the bounties of the country of Attica, forbid thug the Athenians that no tiremight be made for the solemni sing of his Watered& For this respect no friend of his durst touch his bodie. Howbeit a poor loan called Canopion, that was wont lo get Lib living that way, being hired ter money to Marne men's bodies, lie took historic, and carried it beyond the city of Eleusin, add getting fire uu' of a woman's house of Me• gara, he solemnized his funerals. Furthermore a gentlewoman off hle„oara, who coiniag by eliannee that way, with her gentle. ' woman, where' his body was but newly burnt, she caused the earth to be can up a little where the bode was burnt, and made it like a hollow tombe, whereupon she „ha use such sprinkling% and effusions, as are commonly done at the funerals of the dead: and then taking up his bones in her lappe in the nialit, she brought them home, and buried them in her hard' : baying . Oh dear laid', to thee, I bequeath the relicts of this noble and good man, and pray thee to keep them faithfully to being them oae day to the grave of hiaanc.estors, when the Athenians shell con fess,: the faults:, and wrong they have done unto him. And truly it was not long after that the Athenians found by the'untoward ?left of their affairs, that they had put him to death, who only maintained justice and honesty at Athens. Whereupon they made his image to be set up in brew:, „and have honourable buriall to his bones, at the charge of the due. And for his accu. sets they condemned Agonides of- treason, and put him to death thentselves. The other two, Epicurus and Detnophilus, being tied out of the citie. 10. The patriot's plans are not subservient to consideration of reward, estate, or title; they have nos precedence in his thoughts our due, lie decline diem it they follow in the train of his duty.— The demagogue professes to despise what he knows he cannot attain. In the patriot there is nothing personal ; in the dema gogue. there is nothing liberal but his pretences. When an ap plication was merle to General Washington to accept the com mand of the American army, he said, " Though 1 am truly sensible of the high honour dime me in this appointment, yet I feel greatelistress from a consciousness that my abilities and military experience may not be equal to the extensive and im portant trust : however, as the Cattiness desire it, I will enter into the momentous duty, andexert every power I posses in their service, and for support of the glorious calve ; and I beg they will accept my most cordial thanks for this distinguished testimo ny of their approbation. But, lest aunty unlucky event should happen unfavourably to my reputation, I beg it may be smitten bored by every gentleman in toe room, that I this day declare, with the utmost sincerity. I do not think myself equal to the command lam honoured whit. As to pay, I b,-g leav , ., t , t assure the • Congress, that as no pecuniary consideration could hare tempted me to accept this arduous employmeut, at the t xpeuse ' of my domestic ease and happiness. I do not wish to mak, any profit from it. 1 will keep an exact account of my expenses.— fhese, 1 doubt not, they will discharge, and that is all 1 desire." Nllben an application was made by Kung John to the Earl of Ulster to act for him as champion, he being the ouly man qua lified for such nn encounho ; the Earl twice refused, as time King had imprisoned him-uislicard at the suit of his rival and enemy, Ilugh de Lacy. The. King made a card application. Toe Earl mowed for answer, " Taough I Will.not light hoof the King, I will hazard my lifefor the crown and dignity'of the realm." 11. 'fine patriot refuses siceterinent if it may deprive him of the power to advar,:e real traria front the appearance of being inter ested. Rare et videri, is his motto. Sir Thomas. More says, 66 When I returned trot the embassy to Flanders. the Ktng would have given me a yearly pension, which surely. if one would resneet rionotir and profit, was not to be little esteemed. Yet have i hitherto refused it, ani I think I shall refuse it still. because I sliculd be forced to forsake my present mean-, which I . have already us the city, anti I esteem it more than a better : or else I must keep it with sonic nislirte to the citizens, between whom and hia Highnurs, if there should happen any cootroversy (as communes it sloth chance)about their privileges, they :night suspect oleos not sincere and trusty unto them in this respect I am am obliged to the King is ith an annual stipend." 12. The patriot carrot be bought ; every demagogue hes his price. When Alexander sent Phocion 100 tattoos, Phocion asked his messengers why Alexander gave hue soth a great re ward above all the other cit.zens of Athens. 6. Because," said they, 66 he esteetneth thee alone to he 1 good anti huoest man.' ' 6 Let me then," replied Phocion, "he all .t I seem." Chute he Second sent 1.00 l 'footsore- Dar.by to Andrew Marvel, walls wilt otters of protection: u.e fool Ttensurer tomtit hem in or.. of the little courts in the Strand, and assured him he was lexprenly sentfrom his Majesty to kits w what he could do to serve Into ? "It is not in his alajesty's over to reeve rust," said Marvel, jocularly; wilds the Lord treasurer answered, " That his Majesty from the just sense he had of his merit alone. de. sired to know whether mere was any place at court he would be pleased with?" To which lie replied, " That he could not with honour accept the offer, since if he aid, he muss either be un • grateful to the King in voting against him, or false to the cotri try in supporting the measures of the Court; die only favour, • theitfure, which he begged of his Majesty was, that he would eateein him as dutiful a subject as any he had, and acting more titily in his proper interest while thus he refused his offers, than he possibly. could do should he accept them." 13. %Yuen thc . patriot has discharged his public duties lie retires to the chanties of private life. The hour now approached in which it became necessary for General Washington to take leave of Ws army. who hail been endeared to him by a long series of cemmoo sufferings and dangers ; the officers having previously assembled, General Washington: calling for a glass of wine thus addres s .' shere—o With a heart WI of loft and gratitude I now take my leave of you; I most devoutly wish that your latter days may he as prosperous said happy. as your former ones have b ee n glorious and honourable." lhe officers cair: up successively, and be took an atlnetienate leave of each of them, snd pasted through the corps of light infantry to the place of ends:aka:aye] ; , the officers all fullowed hint. On his entering the barge to cross the North river, he turned towards the companions tit his glory, and by waving his bat, bid thein farewell: Some answered this , last di s mal of respect and affection with tears. and all hung upon the barge which conveyed him from their eight,. till they could , no longer di s tinguish is it th e vision of their beloved oxrunatodct. NOV. 14 Such is the true patriot : such the imagined disinterestedness,/ demagogues. such are some of the marks by which Ihbe patri otism may be discovered ; • Tis flattering cruel. Pompons and full of sound and stupid rage: Oi taith neglectful, heaping wrung on wtottg; Ambitious. selfish :--while the true is calm, Firm, persevering, more in act than show. FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE. -r-- [This Gazette contains an Order for the Court's going mot Mourning for her late Serene Highness the Duchess Dintager of Brunswick. and igloo for his liJyal Ilighnesa Charles Einaouel IV. late Kii.o of Sardinia, from the 14th to the 25th inst.l NOMINATION' OF SHERIFFS. Bedfordshire—Sir J. Burgoyne, of Sutton, ban. J. Barber, cf Broom. csq. and C. Burnett, of Stratton Park, esq. Berkshire—G. 11. Elliott. of Bonfield House, esq. T. H. A. Earl, of Swallowtield Place, and Sir G. East, or I all Place, rag. Burls-B. Way, of Denham, esq: C. Shard, of I I cdgerley esq. and Sir C. E. Carrington, of Chalfont St. knt. Comb. and Hunts—J. Burgess, of Renwick, J. Ellis, of Wis.- beach, and T. Orton, of .March, elrs. Clit shire—J. F. France, of Rostock, f. Wilson, of Llandicaz, and G. Aekers. of Moreton. egg's. Cumberland—W. Lawson, of Brayton House, J. Marshall, of Hallstead, and W. James, of Barrock Lodge. estra. Dimity—F. Mundy, Of Markeaton, esq. Sir C. 11. Colville, of Outfield, knt. and W. Webster, of A.hbourne, esq. Devon—J. 1. Forteacue, of Wickland, R. 1. Incletion, of l'eo Town, and R. Hunt, of Sidoury,,esqni. Dorset—C. Spurrier, of Coombe Miner, C. Scott, of Lytchrt Minster, and T llillett, of 1V atmwrll, esqrs. Essesr—Sir T. Neave, of Dagnam Park, bart. R. W. Hall, jot. M Great Ilford, esti. and Sit G. H. Smith, of Berechurch, ht. Gloucestrishire—Sir E. B. Sandy' ' of lisertline Park, bar,. W Miller, of Ozleworth, and T. J. L. Baker, of Hardwick Court, esqrs. Herefordshire—D. R. Hume, of Easton, J. Biddullph, oi' Led bury, and I'. Perry, of Erilisley Park, mgrs. Herts—J. E. Cooke. of l'uniford, J. Timperon, of New Bawls, and T. Daniell, of Little lierkhatupstead. esqrs. Kent—Sir T. D) ke, of Ltillingford, ht. J. TLlard, of Street E.t.a), esq. and Sir J. S. Sidney, of Penshurst Castle. ban. Leicestershire—The lion. R. W. P. Curzon, or Go ,shall, J. Clarke, Little Feuding, esq. and Sir C. T. Pulana, of Wanlip, bart. Lincolnshire—C. Atha, of Willougl.by flour., W. T. Corbett, of Elsham, and E. Weston, of Somerby, esqrs. Monmouthshire—Sir 1t..1. A. Kratys, of Malp is. knight, N% George, of Frosturan House, and J. Baldwyii, of Clierstos. esqrs. Norfolk—G. S. Kett, of Brook, esq. SirJ.Astley, of Melton Con • stable, bart. and J. J. Gay, of Alburgh, CV!. Northamptonshire—J. Cook, of lloothorpe, I'. P. Mansell, of Thorpe Malsor, and J. Netliercuat, of Haw:brach, esqrs. Northumberland—ll. W. Gray, of Back House, W Clarke, of Benton House, and C. J. Brut:tiling, of Gosforth House, esqrs. Notunghantsitireu-Sir R. Clifton, of Clifton, bart. G. G. Wit. hams, or Kempaton, and 11. Pockiington, of Muskluuu Grange, Oxthrd,hire—T. Fraser. of Woodoot-hoist, \V. Vanderategen, of Cane find, and C. 0. Bowles. of North Aston. esqrs. Butlandshire—W. Prised, of Liriiiiington, T. A. Woods, o Braanuou ant. It: Shield, of Wing. esqrs. Shropshi.e-11. Heber, of Hainan, I'. Taylor, of Ellerioa, and T. Borough, of Clietwynti End, esqrs. Sonsersetshire—Sir C. %1 . Ilampfylde, of Ilardington Park, ht. G. M. B. Nattier, of East Pennant, and %V. Harming, of Dil. lington. esqrs. Staffordshire—M. Walhouse. of Ilaterton, es+ Sir J. P. Bonghey, of Aqualate, bait, and T. Lister, of Arrnhage Park. Soulampum--1. Scoria. of Rotherfield Park, T. D. Schots, of Burton-house, and G. Puerto, or kilackhrok-hoLue, tirs. Staolk—G. Thomas, Woodbridge. P. Benbett, Bury St. Ed munds. and F.. Ga it, of esqrs. Surrey—ll. Trower, tit United 1.1 ood, J. Spicer, of Esher Place, and J. Whitmore, of Epson', emits. Susses—W. J. Campioh, of Daiiny, B. Hasler, of Bognor, and F. S. Blunt, of %Vora). esqrs. Warwickshire—W. Williams, of the Larches, V.'. ralmer, of Ladbrook. and e. R. Wren, of %Vauxhall, e;(1. Graddsitl,„of Swindon, G. P. Jervuise, of Iltavni, ana A. Aw dry, or Scend, rugs. Worcestershire—R. Griffitlia, of Thorngeove, E. Isaac, of Boughton, and S. Ryeland, of Northfield, esys. Yorkshire—H. Vansittart, of Kirk Leathern. req. Sir H. W ihun, of Crofton, knibltt, mu 'l. Thornhill, of Fixity, esq. WHITEHALL, Nov. 12. _ . . . . . . Ilis Royal Highness the l'itnee Regent has been plcaetl,in the name and on thy behalf of his Majesty, to constitute an,l appoint William Earl of Craven to be his Mi.jesty's Lieutenant and Custos Rotulortint of the county of Herb's, in the ruotn of the Earl of Radnor, resigned. Orrice OF Anms, Dyntarr, OCT. so. His Excellency the Lord Lieutenar•.t was this day pleased to confer the honour of Knighthood, at the Cte,tlc, upon Thom:.: Grey, of Slane-Cattle, in the county of Meath, Esq. M. 1). F. E. S. and F. L. S. WHITEHALL, Nov. 11. His Royal Highness the Prince R?gent hae been pleased, in the name and on the behalf of hi. Majesty, to appoint Doctor William Somerville to be Physician to the Royal Hospital at Clic.act, in the room of Doctor Moseley, deceased. BANKRUPTCIES SUPERSEDED. R. Cooper,iiLWCliii . 4l:conT,.; . G. Lowe, Mluithester, merehat BANKIZUPTS. W. Fame., Haymarket, horte.dealc.r. Sol:c:tors Messrs. Jove• nrd Island. (Irem Marylehone str et. J. W Nun, (Ed broad kreet, merchant. Sob. Mmes. Pater son and Peile , Old bruad street. DIVIDENDS. Nov. 27, J. Jump and Ilargroves, Fore Street, hat ma. nufactuters —23, J. B. Tuotal, Minories, corn factor—Dec. 7, .1. Yate, Worcester, leatherseller-4, A. G. Milne, Mitre court, Fenchurch street, niershant—l4, J. Moody, York Mews, Pad dington street, livery stable keeper.-5, F. Hudson, Gibraltar, mercitant.-14, J. NVelford. Broad street. slopscller-4, R. Hat rig. jun. J. Wilkinson, and W. Harris, Wctliagst vet, Cheap. side, wholesalelinen drapers.-10, 8. Partridge, Cardiff, iron monger-4, it. Andiurst, Market street. Westminster, brewer.- 11, H. and C. Rugg, Austin Friars, ailkmcn.-4. J. H. Item, Bristol, corn factor.-11; R. Ager, Leigh street, Burtua Cres cent, paper hanger -Is, R. Karpeles, Snaiesgate-street, Dover, fruit dealer. CELLTIFICATES to be granted Dec. 4. J. Leslie, Lower 'flunce street, inestlialit.—lV. Chamber- Jayne and G. Rawlinson, Leicester, Howitt, Winn, ma street. ci,itscoal nnerchant—W. Dixon, Coil)hurst, slac• theater—W. A. Brsiii 4 3, /totbertothe LYalh siiiiissrVite U