The Statesman. — London, England, 1819-06-29 00:00:00

THE STATESMAN call upon you to emote year laws, to fulfil your Treaties, and to make your promises valid."— When this law is loosed, and found to be Joel hetes', the King of Spain ought to come forward, backed by the Ansphictionic Council of Europe, the sesembled filagree", end say, R I bid you base not yet doneenough, end yea must do more to secant the feltilmeni of your engagrosents." Ministers might then find it necessary to have a police to pre. veut emigration, sod to woke this country a prison ; or, as it had been said by a Dutch jurist, dales cadre. But even this might not be sefficisot ; some persons alight even still escape to join the enemies of Spain; and the character of Its Moe much sight be abased in Eneland. Pressing no the yielding disposition of our Government, be might thus interfere with the Liberty of the Press, frilliog them, " Yoe are too free; you have a Press which does nut spare even Kings : while your p resen t liberty eaisu , you comsat prevent that obese, and you most therefore abolish your lithely, es this only means of preserving your nestrality."— He was the more opposed to the present Bill, when he considered that it was only one of s multitude of mire. sores which seemed to be in contemplatioo ; and that it went, peel jore, with another obnoxious Act, the Alien Act. He would not proceed one step farther in such a policy. It would be seperilocios to answer She argument for push% the present Bill, &tired ' from the @Rialto(' of oar Trimly with Spain. That Treaty merely referred to arms and warlike stores; l and it scold be a cation drscripti.on of a soldier to bring him under the description of arms and warlike StOrn. It was well known at Congress, that that Treaty had no refereoce to eulistmeot, and 'hat itsde. .cienry wascomplained olio the UriliVl lliiii•ter these. These arguments were hot s be admitted, sufficient to make es reject the Bill. We might ionprove user laws, although the change were not dictated by fo. reignites. The question was one merely of re pedieucy and policy, which we were at perfect liber ty to support or oppose, 00 the sole ground of oar own interest. Ile would therefore enquire what fa vour we had received from Si. tin for such a boon,: and what dry we owed her in return Ile would toy nothing offensive of the present Sovereign of that country ; he would not discuss his character, nor speak of the atrocious evils of his Government. Ile could consider Ferdinand the Seventh only with reference to his telethon to this country ; but if we were railed upon to vary from our pre. tent state el neutrality in favour of Ferdisiand the Seventh, then he most consider the character of Ferdinand Vii. in order to anertaio whether he was entitled to mob a favour. Ile would enter into a history of every incident in Ferdinand's life, which indicated his cl.sracter ; it would be sufficient to allude to a few of his public actg. The first tirt of his public life which merited son, was his Treaty with Napoleon Boonton,. In that Treaty he had engaged to drive the English iron; s out of the Perlin rola, and this be had engaged to do in co-operation will, the French army. In that 'Frosty he had fa. veered the commerce of France over the commerce pi EnAtaml. This Treaty Ferdinand never rejected, as not binding upon him. It had been rejected only by the Cortes, by the men whom he threw into lien. genera. By no public act had Ferdinand ever dis claimed that Treaty. List it oat now pretended, that the Treaty of 181.1 wiped all this away. Will, he would a-la any Noble Lord upon the other side, he woold ask soy Lord in office, whether, with ra mpart in thecomarercial interests of this country, the King eat Spain had not violated every friendly irtension espresmed io the Trimly of 1811. Ih the year 1796 there was a duty of 15 per cent. upon English goods imported into Spain; it was now 9U per cent lu this, I too, the superior favour to France was Manifest, for the duty Non French Fords, which in 1799 was IS per cent., was now only 30 percent. He knew Chit' it was alleged that every hies el renewing the Nattily compact had been renounced , but be also knew that there was as this moment no ssionlation to p t the renewal of it, or to prevent Spin from acting upon it. Ile Foetid, therefore, see nothing to entitle Ferdinand VII. to what was a mere matter off . He sew nothing its the character or condeet of Fer dinanil to entitle his to a sacrifice of the interests , and whet was stronger, of the feelings of the Peo ple of Great Britsio.—(llcar, hear, hear!) — Ile wished twit to advert to the effects of this maniere upon the half-pey officers. If he bad, as mach as the Noble Earl, encouraged the military spirit which bed prevailed so strikingly in this coon. try lately, not, he hoped, to the danger of its price , and stability ; if he hid yi-enraged this military ar dour so much as the Noble Eirl, he would slot lose spoken so lightly upon that subject as the Noble Earl had done. It was, indeed, manifest to Earrs, to the world, and to this couniry,how mtreb we ono suf fered from the eucnoragement of that tr.llitary spirit. We had thrown off the mask, and we heard no more of the prosperous situation of the country notwith standing the war. We heard, it was tree, in the Speech from the Throne, and in the Address of that Houle to the Throne, that the country was in a state of increasing prosperity; but It was now admitted by all. that the country was in a most dis• tressed and moat difficult situation.—illear, hear!] —South America afforded an opening for our commerce, sod gave suitable employment to tor (fishmeal soldier, and half-pay Officers. Already some degree of alleviation bad begun to be felt in consequence of oar intercourse with Seeds America; but the effect Otitis Bill would beta discountenance the Insurgents, and to break through the friendly rel.. deo in which 'renew stood to them. Let it be recollected ton, that this Bill was calculated to counteract the natural dial:asides' of ibis country to preserve a (deadly intercourse with America, and even to emi grate to its provinces. The Noble Esti had there fore entirely misunderstood, he would not use • stronger teon—hut the Noble Earl bad entirely mix. apprehended awl misendersinoil this subject, when he void that it arose net of the state of this country. On the contrary, be would say, that this was Forel, • question of expemlieticy, mid that those who should argue for it, were therefore booed to show that the interests of this country required that we should fa vour Ferdinaud inot• than Smooth America. eply was mivy—they had no rights bet those of the party to whom they assisted. The Noble Fart bad .rated, that there was a person who called himself Sir Creenr M'Gregor, who had ender Bedell coloon completed a Smallish town. Now, with regard to person's title, be might wow. any one he chow, and if hearted seder the British dag..this Rill would nut prevent him, as it merely affected these enlisting lu foreign aenice. Ile (Lord Holland) latishd agree chat Me Government ought not to encourage such en. terpeises. Ile agreed, that we ought nut to make year no vitiate of the parties; mud he admitted that ion per/Wilt constituted neutrality. A Sovereign might be tolled upon by sane betlieersiot party with whom he wasitt alliance, toweverat his subjects from enter ing Into the 'Pi vine of lissome, so as to be employed against it. The Sovereign might testae hi. Pipelines. lion, prohibiting his subjects from enlisting ; and If they did so after that Proclamation, they would be guilty of a high misdemeanour, sad might be pu nished acrordiagly. Bet this was all that a liel. ligerast State could ask. It could not demand from the Sever** a change I. the municipal laws of his dominions, or a meddratien of them, to suit its coinewienee. The Noble Earl bad said, " Look to the United States, and see what they hove done ;" bet he had net adverted to the difference between the power of the Ezecutiee in this coon. try and the American Uniuu. The President of the United Stales had net the power like the Sove reign of England. of making peace and war; and therefore, as the Emotive hall not the right of en forcing peace, a foreign State had the right of de. mending a law from the Legislature to prevent war. The sample of the United Slates was therefore no precedent fors, where the Executive *treacly pos sessed the right which a particular law was there re. gels'', to confer. Ile (Lord Holland allowed Met Parlisment had a tight to pen a similar law, but the i questine was one merely of espedieney, and'not con. steeled with the duty of atonality. The Noble F.arl, in recurring to inning usages, had found out that the state of things was so different when the chief Instances of enlisting late foreign service took place, that the precedent could not apply at pretest; he bed found eat that the Kings of this cavalry were °Miami to support the Protestant cause against Ce• Shone Sovereigns, however mach they professed to be sl peace with those Sovereigns. Ile had even tip. peered to maistain that what would have been a breach of neutrality if dose by indivilloale, was no each breach when coorived at or authorized by the Government. In persolag his origami:it, he had made the strange admission, that though the Acts of George 11. were repealed, Spain scroll not be able to get a man, while numbers vioutil continue to flock to the standard of the Independent. It thus appeared that if we admitted pai:in to equal eights, we could have no neutrality... It was now owed that we had many of out' sehjens iu the rinks of the Americans, and it was evident therefore that tee present eseesele would operate partially spinet them. Thee we must have partiality on one side or the other; bet the partiality of the fun.: r case reseltett from our ancient lair and the feelings of in divisive's; while in the latter, it would remit from the proposed enactment, and the prink* councils of Minigten. 1111 Came now to make an ol•-rave. Ikon or two on the pretence stated fur the licence to enter foreign service, ie the times immediately secceedine the Reformation, The Noble Earl said that such licence arse given to support the Proteatent interest. IMI the Noble Esti, who was an enemy of the Catholics, and who believed that one of their tenets was to keep no faith with titmice, not see that the tendency of Ilk obsetritions was to affix s sioa:lar sigma on the Protestasits, and to admit that tlie Protestants kept no faith with Catholics ?-111 I boil stated, that through these miens the balance of power was preserved. Was there formerly a Wince of power, end was there none now, after all our boast. ell successes, after *spending so much blood and treasure, end after imposing tsars that almost ground the People to dust ?-13at be did not DO to what the observation about the Protestants tended. lie would state a fact—that when the Treaty of 1604, made with King James for preventing Englishmen (rile enlisting in the service of the Hatch provinces against Spain, was complained of as infringed, the Eng lisit Government answered, tbatit assisted neither of the parties, and placed both on a level. Nothing was said then about the Protestant jargon. The Noble Lord gent. d a similar reply in defence of the Dutch subject soy hn emend th e service of Ike Bishop of Mon ster. Bat those might be minowl old prendents.— Ile would, therefore, direct the Noble Earl's view to what took pine se lately as 1791. Did se persons then from this country enter into foreign service ? 11. would read an wind from the Annual Hinter of that year, which was, he allowed, an anonymous work, hut was reported to be written under the so. perintendence of hlr. Burke, and by a friend of his own (Dr. Lawrence), nut much inferior in political knowledge to himself. The passage he would quote referred to the assistance lent to the Low Countries, and Void, that the spirit of enterprise, which was at all times cannon, had led a number of Gentlemen there to assist their neighbours: and es the Court of Great Britain and hire Ministry were not supposed to be adverse to the project, they were allowed to go we. gle h r o tr t. They write tereived with open arms, and were appointed to command bodies of troops. They were even so numerous that they terve called the English legion. lie (Lord Holland) did out mein to say that this was a declaration of the Law of Nations; but it showed bow the doctrine of ealistunots its foreign service was received by wise and able men formerly. He might even allude to the manner in which the Bill now be. fore the House would effect Spain itself, where there were (puberty whole regiments of English subjects. Ile was afraid that he bad said too moth on the sob. pet of usage and seibority. Ile would now go no to state the dangers that might result from this new &c -oign of neutrality. Hit was a dote which we took open ourselves to provost individuals from engaging . in any foreign service, Wires at war might demand the execution of that duty.. Spain might come and soy, " You have signed a Treaty with me : you have hewed a Proclamation to enforce the stipulations of that Treaty : this Proclamation hes not teen •ffee teal, and Lord Gastiereegls has told at Corm's, that nothing else could bed one without a law ; het I find that no law has beau pissed, that troops go out tp join my enemies, and that all your promises hays bees falsified. I have, therefore, a right to The Esrl of WESTMORLAND supported the Bill. It barites its object to prnerve terms of peace and neutrality between this country end Spain.—The Noble Lord (Holland) did not teem in take a proper rico of it. It was sot ISICISWIS of ruristato•,bat - i of prevention. For this purpose the Common law Mil founded mother <MS yrilit "ear 1 1 — was sot sufficient, became by the Common law Go. TM allimilleeeslikif were et acing to this qamisom . 40 . Indepeod ent St ates hat he of vermiest could only act after the Whom was coin. bore it Nolo And upon • witted, end whoa the persons gOilly bete beyon d Amerin). - .9llllWebleieMs was really to say t their reach. In considering tide Bill, they had no. should not adhere to the Inhaled state of the law, Using to do with the conduct of the K.* of Spain. where it pave `rest assistance to one of the parties, If he bad acted oefeirly to this coentry, if ho had and refused it to the other. " Under this law," broken treaties, and shown mote f to other said the Noble Marquis, your Lordship" should nations, he trusted that they would still be capable consent to pass it, thete is a complete prohibitioe 01 of maintaining their rights, and that they wou ld bass arms and ammenitioa to the lodepeadents; and yet, too mach h to endeavour to avenge themselves at this very moment, yen are media( arms to Old by a breach of neutrality. They had nothing to do Spain. It must be well known, for the Polak Print. with the merits of either party. whether they were base openly stated it, that the espedition fees CAW fighting the came of Liberty and Independence, or has been delayed for the purpose of receiving arms that of II aid superstition. It was said that from this country. So oath for the strict impar. the commercial interests of England would be injor. tighty andjastice of his Majesty's Ministers.--(lieorn ed by the nimlatioas of the Bill. lie could sunsets i —At this very momeet , I say. you are furnish. how a measure to prevent the subjects of this country int materials.—[No, we. from Lord Ilerrowby.]-.. from unnecessarily engaging in a war • could injure lam happy that the Noble Lott contradicts this.— her commercial interests. To produce animosity by tit has been publicly stated in the Newspapers, acid assisting either party was more Itkely to iujore those i hitherto it has not been denied. I shall be glad interests. All were not of the same opinion in tugs if he can _say that no 'only will be sent to Spent. respect. Ile held in his hand a Politics from a :only ; —But if I teed this Act rigt.tiy, be will find it dire of English Merchants, who stated that the simaments l kelt to slate that arms m. 7 not be sent. It Ii fisting out here, and the regiments raising for the; not became aims have sot been sent, that they support or the Insurgents, would be highly ittlarions; may not be sent to Spain. I bare sin heated°. in to trade, and throw trou t oat of employment.' deelaritig, that this law oiil give to the Goverff- UP (Earl Westmorland) was always of °pillion, that meet of Old Spain that assistance which MI. the strength of a country cots Cited in i s poison. t 'liners, professing the spirit of strict netitra:ilr, ores tion, and that it was the duty cf Government to anxious to withhold from the colonies."— [new protect them by all means in its 'weer. Who italeed, when he looked a: this question it. all its vs. were there that needed protection more, or claimed mous points, he could wish that their Lordship" would :treater -ttention than the brave won who fought and place thernsems fairly before the object, and conn. bled in the service of their counted ? Lot sty per. l der maturely bow these transactions would appear is son look to the Insistent they smiled in South • the eyes of posteri'y . Every men who bad a heart Atomic', the sufferings and miseries those !eminence.) to feel must desire that the independence of Sortie who embarked in the cause of the losergents, and • America might be estabitshed• The love of liberty say whether it would not be peeper •n the part of . which peissileii is. tl.is county mutt create a disgust E•teland to prevent others from proceeding in the lof tyranny wherever it existed. We hail long en. same career. The object of tads maser' was to re. I joyed the blessings of independence, and lie trusted peel the 9.h and 29th of George 11. and pueblo Go. I that the time was net far diatom when they would veinnsmit to interrupt persons in their course, who : be experienced is that 'saner of the globe. were about to commit the Crime Conletnploted rw Anse f " Nowise obi primes ripen Ones' all Ivo srestis. Acts. The mime was felony by the law as it stood i " Ilhc sera 'mem umcnit humus vesper." He agreed with Isis Noble Friendf • at the Bill ought at present, bet it could not operate sun! the ! Minn, were beyond their reach. Ought the twitter be left to be divided into two parts, be thought lust by to. in this situation ? The Noble Lord (II •Iland) said, Pasting the ions) statutes so often alluded to, letveol the 9th and 29th, but leave the Mimic' to be • perfect measure of neutrality would be dealt eat punished by Common lAw. This might be-solficient ito Ohl Spain ; but he would not consent to that with respect to Powers with which they were simply part of the Bill which prohibited our subjects from► at peace; hut it should be recoll•thd, that there was minting in the service of say Government whatever. an armicur rierpler and awicus cworfirdere. They had i The Earl of 11ARROWBY acknowledged that entered into a Treaty with Spain, by which they • be had certainly said that the leaning of his own snail I hound themselves to a strict neutrality, i b eat, that peruses might engage in foreign service ; whirls it wee inconsistent that her enemies should but he limits.; this by adding, that it mast be cons'. be senlied frous this country with arms. am. dered whether they were nr were not allowed by their ~,,,;sjo n, at n.,n. Ile would ague w i t h the I own Government to mopes in that service. (The Neill. Lunt (Holland) that the King of Spain had Noble Earl then read several passages foam Groins no right to call upon them to slier their lAws, but I sad Vatted, is order to prove that one citatory hid he had a right to call upon them for the performance i so right to interfere with another, unless it derived that rightfrom the principle of self-defetice.) As to the of the treaty. The same might be said ith reference to Spain on the truly for the suppression of the Slave / Government hating been Induced to adopt the present Trade. They could not call erne h - r to alter her measure in cons. gootice of an appeal from other Isoa, if she proemial! they were inconsistent with that i Pt were, be shonW observe, that no appeal against a treaty, hut they could call upon her to fulfil it strictly, right would he attended to. There were not W. and she would hr boundito adopt the necessary ewe. I stances wanting, sod he could show them, where an sores for that purpose. lime was a treaty with that t apnea l had bee n made a g ainst the dearest o f our rights P o wer, in esi'tenre s ince the-yt'ar Is: 1. an d u p re j —the liher•y of the p.m', and that too by the font they now to refuse the furfileneat of it ? Another Powerful State in Earope • but the uppeal would net ,' ohjection that had been m4llO upon the delay that had be listened to; an oor dovernment would not fors taken piece on ibis suhjo. r. he should answer by mat. moment attend to SO SPOliCit . l4/11 which went to in. ire, that In the first place, it bad net been amid. fringe what it held la be so sacred sod dear to the v oted that the system of entering into frirvigis service Costly,. But without any appeal, it w.sid not be would have hero carried to so great an eslent : and deterred from en act of jostles to two cowending secondly, becouse it had been hoPedr that by media. I parties—the only justice which was required at nee lion a good understanding might bass been restored hands — that of observing the most strict neotastilhno het items the Colonies mod the parent country; it had I tweed each. With respect to the assistance which likewise been hoped that the Proclaseafinti ibat hail might have been given in the exportation of been issued. would have bad the desired effect. For arms, no argument meld be dedeced.—That ex. these reasons he should support the motion, that the Partition was on a very limited male es far as Home do resolve into the Committee. I Spain was concerned. In 1816, the number o f gun s Lord HOLLAND raplaitted. .sported to her from this country, was only seem ; The LORD CH A NCF.1.1.011 moved that the lin 18 1 7 i twelve; in ISIS, two handfed and twenty; Acts 9 and 29 of George 11., and two similar Acts I and up to the early part of 1819, there were ono passed by the Irish Parliament, be referred to the theasand four bemired and does. The whole C.immittee. Slone discussion here arose upon a po w ismount of stores. ammunition, &c., in that sieve did of form, whether instructions to the Committee might not osoeled the Moo of 16 , 0001 It eel" not, the°, to be moved upon she tendon, " that the House re. be said, that Spaia had derived much Havasu fruit solve itself info■C „ nitive of lb . whole Hoes.," this country, es far es the supply of sons and am. which was now the question before the Moue, of munition were commuted. As to even, it was not moon the ulterior question. " that the House do Pretended that any assistance in itiat way was dew stow resolve itself into the said Committee." rived from ngland. It was said, that it was a The Lord Chancellor, Lord Holland, and Earls s t r ange "posies of usetrality to give E In one Power a Literpool, Grey, and Spencer, hook part is this dn. prepooderence o ver t h e ot h er. Il e d enied t h at the cu..inn. I object of his Majesty's Government was to eve a 'l'l.e 1111 0 100n ss that the Boon resolve itself into a I support to either. Committee of the whole House," ass pet sod agreed I The Marquis of BUTE opposed the Bill. Ile did tn. i not see the necessity of meeting a new law to provide The I.OIW CHANCELLOR nest moved. that' for what was already aufkiestly provided for by az• the ser..r.-1 Acts on the sol'ject of Foreign Untwist j hating Statutes. be ref , mod to the Committee. I The Earl of CARNARVON was afraid that this The Marquis of I,A NSDOWN said, that be l net be contradicted when Ise stated tbat Ibis Bill was introduced not Upon the grornd of g►werel policy, but in censequesce of a specific application from the Court of Spain, and that the whole light of general policy bad burst upon them In consequence of this application.—(A *Gold not re:er to many authorities; be would only allude to one who might stand in lien of any other, because he did not so much give any original opinion as reduce the opi nions end doctrines of others into a sort of compen dium. Tb. writer to which he referred was Martens. Martens stated, that it was consistent with perfect neutrality to give every assistance to either of the belligerents, except netlike expeditions.—(Gherer frees the Ministerial side.)—Weppild the Nubia Lord', on the other aisle, say that the ?flints of In. ditidoals in the South American ! liaise could be termed warlike expeditions? This could ...Abe pretended, and nothing acrording its Martens, wag to he refuses,. This Noble Karl had 'sated, that Queen Elizabeth was she first m hn Ind allowed sehjerts to engage ps a I war, with ►especct to which the Government main. 'shunt a neutrality. The umlaut's of the Nrbte Karl on Isis point were rnth•r surprising, !wean•., whew referring to QOPPI , Elisahet Is, who atisswed her soh. jects to engage in the wan of Neetral rimers. " No," said the Noble Ku!. " Abe did not allow Ler sohjnta to 6zbt for the two Ikllig•rentr, she allowed them to fight on one aisle only." Ilia orpiment was, that the Queen never allowed Proi•sraos. to lies, but Protestant, only. I;ut if Queen esh was able to enforce thi4 ;policy. whence •rose the in. !Stacy of the Comm , n lass tin whit - h the Bill was sot introduced so much at the instance of a Power which bed claims freer its weakness, as from one which was strong in its strength. Was not the siteatioa of Spain and of this country much changed since the year 1814, When the Treaty, on which so mach stress was laid, was first contracted Had es events recently taken place, which were calculated to affect the interests of Great Britain ? Hui net Spain ceded to America that very Colon), which of all her other Colonies was most important to the welfare of oor Trans-Atlantic possessions ? Had not this very cession,which Spain bad plonked hersr!f never tomtits, except with the consent of this country, been defend. ed iu their Lordships' floosie on the l unar .1 that Spits was so imbecile as not to have ginner to prevent it ? Was it SilffiCiPlll to say, " We will force oar jects to retire from this contest," without even cassis tiering whether the withdrawal of them would benefit either the cause of Spain, or of this country ? If every Bri•ish sohjvct who was inclined to hassrd his fortune and his life in this struggle were to be pie• rented from passing from this country to America, sees there any probability that Spiin would veer re inter the ginner ow once wielded ewer it ? tint each of her Coinsties, outs after another, fall I victim to the &entice and ambition of soother great weer I t %Vesta net the fate of Fk e i t l e soon become the fate of Niesico?--Ellear, hcar!)—lf lie had heard the Noble Ertl vie,' w h o h a d broe,:tlt in This Mil, he Mad siiil that British troops, with 1.1:11e iliwiptine and valour which distinguish thesis, had been sent out. in such numbers as C.14:1i 11 , 4 I." to d. tide the conflict in (senor . ( t side I *Lich they attached theintetes; e..; s !, to li.•