The Statesman. — London, England, 1823-03-03 00:00:00

0 ) ce of r would put the 'ewer, and dispose th, rots I 'leaped honour. Mr; and philosopher as to this how much more ef f icacious moral or religious. In a leant is a tnue.h.bert••kdo, Mr. Brougham bad really csmild not hive talked molly . CUlB3l.—Wlsen we had Mt. not proceed with him by oceeded as masters dealing irs. Mr. Broughaln goes we think we see ►im like e head of his spelling-bolk, pupil standing befos e 1 the speech of Moner. do Sir. I. de'Chateubtland rays two r Wellington said in conver ging .of England had no 'duct of France with regard lan was an official note gi;ru a at VirOna, saying, "that .eatitionary stecuares along re and Spain." Now, S 'me'? " it is sot to be received as you to the second of the!, ? e no doubt but the indicidor. Eluded was correct—that pi • 't of a long oed argumento4 is not by itself to be held as opinioti of Govel utr.nt Inuit might, in the course If ae on, for the sake of contra- ron say that the propu;ltion to explain. 1 believe 1 O a proposition for the s due ads. 1 meant that a pro;,o nt to be granted, might Le f being contrasted stills an_ it it might aftetwards be con scope of the argum-ntr with this explanation. to. We are more severe in. We cats see something the latter case, of the state- As to the first qiestisa," the 'artory to os. M. de Chate hot we have no proof that 1y and uithout any disgaise to tell es that we aro o ough to satisfy es of the false• short, we do believe Ma; be • atter to support us in this too gsmentative note tomes, ere oaks the truth. At any gate. ter at Verona Could set Is:tve osition to France. to short, it the minister have greatly It would be useless to av ast of this until we get at she must come out, first or lan; Mil they do come out, we our pertion of the rteezis Miniater se speechifying in legislative at the French can play at t 11.4 tee that they Can answer • the our Houses of Parliament.— abuse the the speech of M. they please. We loak upon it Ire manifilsto, as towartfis all e war against -the Freya' in se several pauses its that 1815 • inclusivi. lneetropted ig matter, we were comoiMvtl the Register of lan Sster•Jar, ne day, the English press ants have contained complete proof td against the Freneb people ,sable aggregators, or . else the .e most fitly jastified in the )n as to the people of Spain.— lays that M. de Chateenbviand 1, by pointing out the necessity of preventing Spain fromform- . eutLetiger France, and even ex ams. future time, from the spa a slivers foot, ire showed it to trke ago. We then told the Is would go to scar, and that one would be, to make Spain as mace as s':e formerly was.—E•st I an open declaration of an In- French policy; and if we hart policy, we should have faeoreg am the beginning, and by th:s utdf thelsande of the ti11'.791 of of our neretnoseet ; its betrrd Spanish revolntiota, restated es and now it very likely to be too •We,therefore,sbould have peels with Mr. Caoniog's answers ; perfectly eatisfectory to Mr ;ham asked Mr. Canning some s of peace or war. land Mr. Can hope of peace was diasinithed. hope at all ; sod the only quee r, England. mitts take any part on and answer work betw" firmigliath we rptrEci Llf Is public will be enabled to 110. ri tin**. IRE MERTINO. .h 1 at *inehester. on Saturday as flaring and other magistratt , , qUten. in consequence of a ret.. ua the part of the lase !betas 1 / lalabev ailiel r imPu" Sissidee who is the son of 0 Sob Shedden the under-writer, and on which Robert illairlemthe mettles , * before It separated, prised a vote ▪ kessure. This was the very largest county meeting Adt ever sew, and there were scarcely may persons p i l aw, bet gentlemen and fernsers.The lead may be said Jo bare come and put firth its complaints it the Canis aellrinchester, last Saturday. Sir Thos. Baring was the dasirmao, and he conducted himself not only with .the oldest propriety end impartiality, bat with a degree of ability which really surprised me, and which proved that teough.a man may sit for years in the House of Com mon and never open his lips, hi may have a thousand times the sense of some that are evetlaslinglY Among many good things which he said in opening the meeting, was this, that he thought the subject of Perlis . mentary Reform particularly proper to be introduced' upon such occasions ; nail that be thought the Reform might not to be of a nature to skim only the surface, but that it ought to go down and tear Correption up by the very roots. So that Sir Thomas Baring is a true radical; because radical weevil one wh6 is. for a radical reform; radical means going to the root; and Sir Thomas is for going to the root.—Let the word radical, then, he now considered as an honourabie appellation.—We have not time for many particulars; the jet is this:, whether the petitions all prayed for a reduction of the intereet of the Debtl—The petition presented by Mr. Blush, and which was dozily *greed to, and the petition proposed by me : these two petitions will be found it the end of this article. Besides these, there was a petition offered to the Meeting, by Fleming, one of the County Members. My motives for moving a petition at all are of no consequence. I thought proper to do it, nod Mr. Marsh's petition, which I did not propose r certainly bad majority in its favour; though not a very large one, as spoken of by the Morning Chronicle; but if it were large, then the Conclusion amounts to this, that the Meeting really preferred that petition to mine, heceuse mine was flue more gentle of the two; and carious to relate, one of the arguments in favour of Mr. Marsh's petition is preference to mine was, 'that Mr. Marsh's more nearly. resembled the Norfolk petition, than which, 1 confess," notl.ing can be more true. The truth is : the plain bee nest truth is this, that whether I did or not, there was : every reason for me ter wish Mr. Marsh's petition to he carried, though 1 moved one myself. Aed, amongst ether reasons foe my standing distinct fro,n that petition, one was t h is : that it should not be said of this petition, that it was my petition. The House will now have be. fore it a petition from a county, in which I have a vast deal more personal influence than in any other county; it will sow have a petition from that county containing all the main propositions of the Norfolk petition ; the proposition about the church; about the corn-lands; shout Reform of Parliament; about an equitable at tangentent with the fandholder, and about contracts between man and sae ;, it will have all these in argil:ilea from that county; a petition not only, deeprepoillikr lee ; but proliesed and carried lasted-e( one which arm milder proposed by me; really and {rule carried, because it was mote illte the Norfolk Petition than that which proved The petition proposed by Fleming came, to he sore, loaded with the man. A west unconquerable dislike to whom the meeting appeared to have. Nothing tont I be more decorous than, theibebaviour of that meet; log ; nothing more sensible. In my whole life I never yaw apopular assembly behave so well. The Chairman was deservedly in high favour with them ; and he ex horted them to listen patientlfle every one; but not withstanding this, they could not be made to endure Fleming with any degree of patience. They did net el:tabour him down; but the disgust 'chick joiner upon every conntenstace would have been suffi cient to make any man of feeling siuk through the floor, if the door would have opened to let hiss through. I could not tee him, but those who did say that he turned pale as a sheet: and well he might! To receive the nranimous scorn of such a meeting as that, was enough to turn any man pale.—Yet Fleming, who talked alma national honour, national faith, and who rung the changes upon sll the althopiii of abuse of those who,haee pro posed a reduction of the interest of the debt; even this Fleiting proposed Sir John Sinclair's petition, the pro tositions in tallith (as I explained to the meeting) the !'rime Minister on the 4th of February, asserted to aim at a partial national bankruptcy!—But this was not all ; fur to Fleming's petition one of his friends proposed an addition, which was afterwards put alqng with the petition, and this addition proposed to lay the Poor -rates and County-rates exclusively ropes the Pandhalders. So that, in fact, Fleming's peti tion was, if it had been rightly understood, the most di rect and decided suer') of all at the fuodholders ; for, iwthe first place, he nu for taking away about ten per rent. on Sir John Sinclair's plan ; and then for taking turn six to eight millions from the fundholders, to pay the amount of the rites, which of course was to be dons by a deduction from the dividends, because there is no odse r means of:tilting it, seeing that the fundholders alreadp pay poor-rates tsp'on their land and their houses.. A pet. tier sweep than this no man ever yet' proposed. But the project appeared foolish ; and for this petition not one single hand or hat was bald up. though Fleming 'that his tenants were grateful to him for the reduction that be hal made in their rent+, and that he saw several of them present at the meeting. In short, the proceed ings of this meeting are conclusive as to the wish of the ngricaltural community, with regard to reduction of the interest of the debt. In the close of Mr. Marsh's petition, fee phrase " equitable adjastn eat" is changed for equit- 1 ihle armament or accommodation, under well-consi dered limits and restrictions. This is mere superfluity. There can be no equitable adjustment, withemt well con- Sidereal limits and restrictions ; and as to the contracts between man and man, an equitable adjustment includes, of necessity, that discrimination which is pointed est in Me. "Marsh's petition by the word special. I believe that there were more than seven thoutasd • payola resent, and I do nut believe that there were One single indeed who ad not vote, either for NI r. M arsit's petition or mine. The few who did not vote at all, were of woe fur rientines petition; no that here we have the t that the largest county meeting ewer seen in linooltp e, sad the t.• tat respectable in point of propetfy i uttoratise in hearing; the won quiet; the mast I. • THE 4 • • ;THE S deliberative;- .here Wi-have the Oct that this essoty meeting contained not one single man who. was not for a ,reduction of the inleredref the . Debt in some shape or other; Ind welaVe ,tbe.firtber fact o , that .the petition . that was carried. was carried not at all in consequence of any personal influence of mine. 'Let it be .observe 4 (as 'The reader will observe) that the language of my petition 'was t he most.mild ; that in speaking of theCherch ,PrO perty it seemed to go no very great, length ; thatit prayed for a Reform, without any harsh expressions in charicterising the Parliament; that, in short, it declarcii that it imputed no intentional evil to the House of Com mons or tp any branch of the Hocernment. Let this be observed ; let this language, and these sentiments with the language; and then, let the reader hear me say,. which 1 do with the most perfect sincerity, that. I verily believe that the large show of hands which . there was for my petition as well as •for that of Mr. Marsh ; that this large show of hands which. I obtained, was owing more to the personal feeling than to any thing else of those Who held up their hands. The people liked the other better because it was 'integer.; because, as Mr. Marsh very Smartly observed, it is more like yourself. I cannot conclude this aecount, without observing that the county is. greatly indebted .tp Mr. Marsh for his exertions upon this occasion. He possess es s great share of that talent which •is calculated' to produce effect in such cases,—and, upon this: occasion, he did his part in a manner worthy of himself, of the coanty, and of the cause. STOCK EXORANGII, H•LINPAST Twain o'CLocw.— The intelligence from France and Spain has caused a great bustle in the City to-day. The appearance of two or three good purchasers here this morning caused Con sols to get np. It is at present the opinion that AI antlers firmness in the Chamber of Deputies, and the manner in which the populace of Paris received him, taken together with the energetic measures pursued at Madrid, will cause the French Government to pause before they enter Spain. Consols opened at 72111, were done at 73f, and went down again to 72t. Foßaton FUNDS.—There was a great bustle in the abovh market but not mull doing. Chili, 074 to OS—NewSpanish, 291 to SO—Old, Sty° 40— New Prussia, 744 to 73-01 d, ditto, 7S—Russia, 711 to 74 — Mash, 784 79—Coloniblao, 474 to 49—Spaaisti Scrip, 37. The accounts received since our last from both France and Spaiu are of very high importasce. The affair of M. Manuel, which caused the interruption of the debate on the Supplies, began it appears from his having applied the epithet " atrocious" to the cruelty displayed by Fer dinand, at his return from France; sod the indignation of the Ultras at hearing the application of the term to the conduct of a ligitimate Bourbon, was imitated to fury on M. Manuel's remarking " t►at when the misfor tunes of the Royal Family in Franc* became most serious, it was when they attracted the. attention and-peesence of foreigners, aid w►en France feeling that it Was accessary to defend herself by new forces and by en energy wholly sew' It was at this poi nt,the orator was stopt, and the confasion. wisias we stated in our last, began. In the sitting of Thursday, If. Manuel was beard in his de fitsce, and having completed** weetette. in the delivery of which he bid been interrupted, insisted that he bad given sufficient explanation, and appealed to the whole course of his life, to show That he had been less connected with the Revolution than most of the mem• bers who composed the present assembly. On that day before the opening of the Chamber, the Deputies as sembled in their Bureaux to examine the propositions made by M M. Doplessis de Orenedau and De Labour doonaye. They were differently worded, bu► they both proposed the expulsion of M. Manuel. After a very stormy debate, M. de Labourdonnaye's proposition was ultimately put to the vote, and referred to the Durant. Nothing Important occurred at the sitting of the Cham ber of Deputies of Friday. The Deputies met early in their Bureaux, and elected a commission to report on the proposition for M. Manuel's exclusion. A public sitting was afterwards opened to discuss the law of the war credit. M. Manuel demanded to be heard •n a, matter of form. He was °plied by an explosion of fury from the right side, and the President not being able to restore order, adjourned the Chamber till the following day. On that day, the Sitting of the Chamber of Deputies was equally violent with that of the previous days. Mons. de la Bourdonnaye presented the report of the Coutinis.ion appoint_ ed to examine the preTosition for excluding M. Ma. nuel. After a violent speech, in the sedlle of the report the report itself was read. it concluded thus:—" The Commission unanimously proposes to the Chamber the expulsion of M. Manuel, on :ecotone of the speech which he delivered on the 26th of Feb., whereby he compro mised the honour of his character of Deputy, and the dignity of the Chamber." A loud deal of agitation pre vailed at the conclusion of this speech and report. A discussion arose on the proper time fur taking the report into consideration. The members of the left side demanded it's adjournment tril the gees don of the vote of credit, already before. tie chamber, was decided upon: The right side opposed this delay, and demanded dot a decision on the report. At last it: was agreed this the latter should have the priority, and that the discussion should commeoce on Monday. At 4 o'clock, the President anooueced to the Chamber, that the discussion was to be resound on the vote of credit. — M. Manuel presented himself at the tribune, to con clude the speech in whisk he was interrupted on Wed. nesday. A furious uproar immediately commenced: The right side refused to hear him, and the President was obliged to adjourn the Chamber until Monday. The discussion will then commence on his exclusion, the Report being ordered to be taken into consideration on that day. Dro leaving the, chamber, M. - Mantel was met by a crowd, who assembled to salute him. As imposed the bridge, in front of the legislative palace, and proceeded to the Place de Louis XV., the crowd informed, shunting, " Tire Manuel." When they came opposite the great gate of the garden ' sd the nuillerits, the gerard ordered it to be closed. N. disturbance lastly kiwi happened. " Fames rosin! art attack. Manor 1.—.-Five per tar Optuaed ASK bc., fell le ISOL, aad closed at Alf : Spoil* *IA 35f. MAN - • - The intelligolcio stideinoil from Madrid. comes down ' thine net. It orates, that on the 19th, Ferdinand two. ; coaled td clime the Session of the Cortes in the usual" manner, with a Speech from the Throne; when he. took occasion to declare that he was dissatisfied with the con. duct both of his Ministers and of his principal Generals Mips, Ballesteres,• Absibal, , and had determined to dismiss them from their respective offices. This nniook. ed for declaration excited commotion in the Cortes, which soon spread through the city, and an attempt was made -by some of the people tq petition -for a Regency, declarieg their Resolution to sap -port the Minis/Are,. who in consequence, refused to re sign their posts. On t he 20th, the King found himself obliged to give way, and formally reinstated both the Generals aadblinisters.Next day every thing was tranquil. Hamburg papers to she 26th ult. reached us Ithis morning; their contents are of no political interest. On the htli of October they write from Batavia, that there was a dreadful eruption, of a Volcano, and that in the lava nearly 2000 persons perished. - - - , The Dultit of Wellington is out a visit to the Ring at Brighton. The Spanish An has contracted with one manufacturer only for the supply of twenty thousand barrels of gunpowder. which are to he shipped for the Spanish army with the least possible delay. A vessel left the River on Saturday with ,Sve thoussnd stand of arms on board, which are intended to he landed at Ce nteno. This is Ilia second export of arms for Spain Within a very short period. A private letter from Paris says, it was proposed tbst if M. Manuel should be expelled the Chamber, that his party should all secede; but that the proposition was negatived.—Sugar and Coffee at Paris increase in price. The former has been as high as two shillings a pound. Recruiting parties have been sent out, for the purpose of raising men to complete the corps of Royal marines to the number recently voted by the House of . Com mons. Above 700 mem will he required for that pur pose. it is expected that a British squadron of observa tion will be •fitted onr, in the event i f hostilities between France and spain.—(Hamp. Chroa.) We hear thst herd Exmouth has made a most zealous offer of his services to command a squadron of observa tion, in which be hopeahis rank may not be a hindrance, as, however, few the ships may be, he should think it no derogation to. hold the appointment.—(Portemestih paper.) A meeting of several Members of Parliament. and other most respectable assembled on Satur day at the Crown and Aurhor, fur the purpostof taking such measures as are rust likely to promote the cause of the Greeks. Till IRISH COCRT.—The Levee yesterday was most nninecoesly attended. Ile number of the nobility and gentry was unprecedented on any former occasion at Dublin Castle, with the exception of the Levee held by his Majesty at the period of his visit to this country. — Carriages were setting down for above two hours.—(Duls tix Post, of- Friday.) last week, the seamen of the river Tyne, in the expec tation of their services coming into requisition by the war against Spain, refused to go to sea without an ad vance of wages. They obtained in consequence an ex tra guinea, which makes their pay WI" ss. per voyage. Durlisat arose.) The specalaters in grain are busy, in the hope of ti tian a war demand or a famine; and some have entered the market who have but little knowledge of the article is which they have been to deal. The military Depot is almost fall; yet additional graearies are in request.— (Perlis fide.) Tae MORDRIL AT SCAIROHOCHH.—We regret to state, that Mr. Law, who was shot by Arad es Friday morn• tag week, agitated la our test, after liuering In great agony till ellen last Friday, was releasee dd his stiffer lags by deeds. The two men, Mead and Belt, are hourly expected to arrive at York Castle.—/ reek Courant.) CAIRN Extuaxot, ;Banat 3.—The arrivals of grain seetimalated greatly the latter part of last week, and this morning there is a good supply of Wheat, Barley, Iteaos,and Peas from Essex and Kent, also many vessels from the Norris with Oats. The demand for Wheat con tinues very brisk, and a further advance is Attained of 2 to 3s. per Quarter since lest Monday ; Harley alto sells freely, and is 1 to ( 22. per quarter dearer. Good dry Beans sell well, and are is. per quarter dearer. Boiling and (trey Peas are unaltered from last week. Tivt e h a g been a good trade foelliits, and rather more money is' obtained for prime samples. Flour is expected to ads trance Again ss. per sack. SwlTartsts MAIIHRT, MARCH 3.—There was a 'MI aritaber of (hen at Market this morning, which mold M a lower price than last markebday, owing .to the Ithiht being Mill and the numbers greater than required. Ot sheep. the supply was much the s sme as last Monday. and the price full as high as last week's markets. PallleaTßlANHill.—lt has been stated, that Mr. RHO Abernethy. the north country pedestrian, started at three o'clock on Friday afternoon, to go on foot from Oxford kith& to the 56113 taile-stone on the Gloucester-road, and re tern in twenty-eight hours. The umpire upon the occasion has (tarnished our infonaut with the particulars of one of the greatest travelling feats ever before recorded. The pe distrian started at the rate of six miles an hour, accompa nied by one horsemen only, to keep incog. ai much u possible. Ile went through Uxbridge .6 quartet be fore six o'clock' (fifteen miles,) and he- stopped sad re freshed st twenty-five miles at forty minutes past ,even e'cicck, and ate a chicken. lie halted two hours at &My ths miles, and did half the distance in thirteen hours twelve minutest, and returned to his quarters at the forty-"eve toilet at a quarter before six on Saturday morning. After being well robbed, he went to bed, and Started again at eight e'cleck tolerably well. He did the next thirteen miles iii three hours, anti beat time so as to leave him nine miles for thajasttlette hours, which was the wortt part of the match. He Mon by extraordinary perseverance, with four minutes to spare, nearly blind with fatigue. We repeat, it it the greatest thing sceamplisbed on pedestrian retold. SH I PPI WI NISLI,4I ti 1 r e p . HEAL, MARCH down from' the river last night, sad soiled, the Ades ' Mayne , for Madras and China; also to-day the Nellsons. Parr, for the Brazils. Arrived this morning, and remain with some others, the Hope, Mourant, trona 6ibralter and Lima; and the Knox, from the C. 11. Hope.-1. Arrived and sailed for the river *ith the rest of the homeward bound, the Es lactation, Jones, from Terceira : John and Ann, Roble son, 42 days from Havanna; awl the Conway slops mf war from Lima, last frOm Portsmouth. Salad the Ardent. "eyrie, far Belf N.N. W. • ' Poure*otrrn,Mancn '2.—Arrived His Majesty's Ship, Actin, from the Havanna.—Paased down 'Le Channel, the Waterloo, Alssger, for Bombay and China; and the Kellie Castle, Adams, for Madras.—Wind %V.S W. PLTIMITH, Fes. 2S.—Sailed His Majesty's Ship, Ac-- tin, for Portemonth ; and all she (*meta-bound de tained by contrary winds.—Arrived, the Hope, Ford, from Oporto.—Wind Faistourm, Masco I.—Sailed. the Pilot, Gardner, for Calcutta ; the (trace, Crayon, fur St. Michael's.—Ar• rived, the Dutch ship, Apollo, Durand, from Batavia, to Antwerp.—Fce. 2S, Sailed the Norfolk, Grey, for Ma &as; the Shokespere, Anderson, for Valparaiso and Lima, the John Popplewell, Portland, for Whitmore; and the Cecrops. Harmers, fur Jamaica the Emulation, Stanviorth, for Lisbon ;.and Henry, Quick, for Hassatto'. —Wind N. The Aid, M`Kenzie, from Peterhead to London, stink in Aldbro' Bay yesterday ; crew sated. ~.y. . 1111111•111111111 0 , 1., . tw.Tvg DI Frit: COILS pr RETREAT.. 4 , (Mr. Allflareed'e Letter concluded front Titmice* PapOrtdc •p, ..; Attelook ft the ebntracti of reagati Thee, in InZalle • daisies, have net set beet. reduced as all, allhough * • &miles is quite certain in the mud. , and *totally certilblho leader discontented every person exposed to it's acticiO o — the shoemakers - and the tailors. for insulin. .-. 4 1 1 V should the wages of these moo be reduced t o the level% existed before • the war? They have scarcely yet been re diced at all ; nor hive the artizans and labourers of Lott- • don. end other large towns, been reduced In any &grey • • worth mentioning, although it is certain that they also , by Ithe preisure of the ancient slandered. will be shortly we-. deiced to the ancient level. It is only the agricultural hourers,..and some of the more exposed classes of We me- chanical labourbrs, who have yet experienced any reduction of wages. and , even that would not.be injured. but benefitted by a retreat. which would immediately rea der their labour more beuelleial.:to thilr employers, and of course the natural process of competition would quickly., render it more beneficial to themselves. In any cases where they happen tote bound by contract at any fixettsnm, it would be peeper tolive them the privilege of on opt/east release ; which would also necessarily be gives la the ameo• of landlords and tenants, who have formed new contrecte 'Mow ISIS.. 1.01 any one compare the wages now gerendlp pleat In London, with those thet•were given in 1791, and it wilt he evident that no violation of contract will take place in London in the payment of wnges, by: any reduction of the metallic standard. which may he necessary to preserve thoseiwßees at their present level. Without such redue tied, their present levet cannot be much longer supported.. .B is only now supported by a system of, plunder and con• fiseetton, which is, in it's eTry nature, temporary. A'. long as the fundowucrs can continue to plunder the coun try, and the landowners can continue 'to plunder their te sentry, of nearly doable tlie mane which they are really entitled to, the expenditure of these two great bodies - of area, which chiefly developer itself in London, necessarily props up the wages of labour in London at a high and uu *Moral. level,—Labour, therefore, still brings 20 or 304. per week In London, whilst in other parts of the country. it will scarcely bring Ss. or 3s. per week.—But when the landowners begin to lose three fourths of their present rents, and the ftindowners to lose one hail of their present I dividends, which notting upon earth ran permanent:it (prey-at, under the standard which is now attempted ; then Illsivident, that the wages of labour in London will saoe be brooght down to their ancient level.—is it not better that this inevitable fall of wages, should be prevented by se equitable arrangement of the currency ? is it not bettor to lift up the measure to a level with the things measured, l ead thus equalize and harmonize ill interests at once, than to leave nature by the painful and tedious operations of bankruptcy and ruin ; to beat dews the Innumerable filings Illtelslioned, ton level with an arbitrary and unsuitable Is it not better to work our operations upon :n -lsensible masses of metal, than to act upon flesh and Woad ! I pay 51.55. f•r my cost at present, which is the highest war price, or very nearly so. I shell get as good a coat shortly at 21. dos. or Si. which is indeed all that I ought •sow to give. But the secret and fraudulent change of the isurreney, enables some sets of tradesmen, and their servants and dependants to practise a kind of fraud upon the publiz, for a certain period, almost as ellectually, as if they bad pos. messed legal contracts for fixed sums,like the fundowner, the lejalowoer, the placeman, and the pensioner. It is in this way that the trade end revenue of the country are bolstered up for a time, so long as the system of plunder and confisca tion can be going on. It is the cheap prices of use wt of wee, combined with the high prices of another set of ratio, erblch causes the country to whvent such n melange of pc): Wry and deist% of misery sad levity, as no other country ever presented to the World xi before: is it possible for this mixture of-ekoippriees and hipk prices to centime permit t ? bit.M* for tits labor sad kW products of Jure let of men, terwaseetly deer, whilst the labour arai the produitsof soother set of men, are permanently cheap? The question is *Vied. It Is only by a positive fraud. that say human being is helmeted by the preseot state of things itandhowper strongly the laws on the anemia. and customs eqtrility Strong slaws ste the other Med, may strive and wants to perpetuate the fruits of this frond, thothing is utterly impowildlo in the mid. After a little whlts, ti e wages of labour to Leedom, sad in all other Owes, will tie cesstaily be reduced by the sealant standard to the ancient level. Where then is the injustice of preventing such a re duction of wages, by a timely liberalists of the standard, by i timely adispliag of the stindssd to their heisting level ? Every ones Who lowers the nueserfeal amount of his wages, feels Injured and deigreded. •In fact it is not possible to' tower it, without exposing Lim to injury and degredstiou; for nothing bet the went of a demand fee his labour. ant this sense of Willey and degradation which that want involves; eanever compel him to moment to lower it. It is in human natters that he should sifter Wore injury and degradation froth the lowering of . his wages only 3 per cent. than he sustains irate a rise of prices of more than 29 per cent. I have known men cement to live upon 125. per week, for month after month, before they could be brought to redcee their wages from Ms. to 30s. per week ! 1 have known, other men, accustomed to get V. Ss, per 'week, in the money of the seer, who have positively left their place% to get only W. IK per week, rather than consent to remain in their plea." et el. Ps. per Irak! Why is all this sufferlue en- Wired? it is homage see ase accustomed to estimate the I value their labour in money, and not is commodities, !* nominal and not in real prices. They look to the sums cf money which they have been accustomed to receive. and to consider as their right, and no abstract principles of pol:t' cat economy will ever bolos% them to reduce those sums of :no ' ney, without first going through the ordeal of misery nail degradation. Without Sue, they wi:l not reduce them five per cent. although all otter prices should be reduced fifty per cent. Nothing but the workhouse staring them in the lase, will compel them to consent to such reduction ; sad therefore it has not taken 'place in any branch of trade. In which the greatest mislay and degralatiog have not Pent endured. Where then', 1 again ask, is the Injustice of re renting ;his redaction of wages by a timely ;Iteration of the standard in which they are measured? an a!teratioa which whilst it preserves and seems the wages of some classes of labourers at their present level, tec eeeee ily up the wages of those cleaves of labourers, who have been elreetiy reduced t and places.l-strong ground under the feet Wall labourers, by readering theii labour profitable to their employers, without whicis.it cannot possibly be long mask tJ themselvetl '* As title's *aware, {bra labourer holds his eery ezictence, almost as a layout.! t II: is injured in many Gases, cart humbled and degraded in all. He knows that whom** made the mouth. t ale bra hands to feed it. But those hands are bound tint now ; or, if allowed to ode them, he can only use item to the injury of Mullett; or his employer! La all oases since HOS. in which thelabourer hat' received only the full miles of his labour, only the si.nie which his einployer would would have bad a profit in gislng him, in all thins view, the labourer Ws-beat forced apes the 'work!. Sulfa forin no instancehas the profit upon his in dustry furnished the means of rewarding it. And in all other eases, in which the labourer has been apparhatly t.enefittdi Mime 1012, hit bandit has been. writeg out of the coa d intco- Lions of -capital which are going bet which mast came to an end, some time. How precarlow - and deogerous then Is the situation! flow injured are the ishotimrs in sods • cites, sad he* *graded in all. The' strength of their includes is gone. No oae cm use their labour, with 'refit or advantage, and therefore no ouerequires it. The rimi est injury which a labour." on feel, is the want of a dr raand for his labour . •Xiittloot this, he walks the earth, m if he had rb el* to relit upon it. The great est benefit which a labourpr•dan enjoy. in an we*, and swum demand „1 . 9 r lie laboirs, a demand which lifts him a use V•efrdoistef masters; makes hint feel the jAPark ariCe and rape value &ibis industry, and enables him to ((oaf with his employers, hitiout freeman ought to deal with m other. This is his liberty. hie Independence. his sireneth, eis bread. Without this, he is but a doer in fact, eithoegh tiring iu the !teem e pantry in the world. Without Om. no bolstering andproppiep. no pampering , and fie:tiny cut truly save hint. Those du bat teld to confirm its eloper,. for they arc 40 many proofs that he holds his sery esistesum at the mercy of others!: I What can e..e,ogipenee a li r ppursor f.,r such mortal degrees tier' 01 this ! is there any comlisaft in the nation which fought to be so ' , erect from fraistatiee &reap, as that which gives the labourer the 55me rigfel tP the war-prices of Iris tabour, as the feadoweer Meta alb tear prtiet of and the said right to lire 'lsee 1 i k 3 v -~ a J 1 • ! it -