The National Register. — London, England, 1819-11-15 00:00:00

DEMAGOGVES AND PATRIOTS. There are certain testa by which the demagogue may be distinguished front the patriot :- 1. The hiundation of patriotism is virtue in private life. 'I he patriot is reared amidst the charities of home : he learns to love Isis country. from his mother's song, from his father's prayer, front his wite's respect and tenderness; from his children's love and duty. Such were the patriots of old; such was Wm. Tell; such was Washington ; such are thousands in England. The demagogue has neither heart nor household god he wan ders to and fro; he shows his aptnt-is to manage the affairs of the common-wealth by the neglect and ruin of his own family. Such was Confine ; such are the modern demagogues. 2. The patriot prefers the good of his Country to his private good. When Pompey was in the conunission for purveysuce for a famine at Rome. he was vehemently dissuaded by his friend fruit risking his life, by venturing to sea in an exuemity of wea ther t " It is necessary that I should sail, not that I should live." —Ne mat cal at can% into sit vivant ' —was his answer. The demagogue refers all things to himself as if he were the world's centre, and cares not in all tempests what bemuses of the ship of the state, so that he may save himself in the eock.boat of his own fortune. The patriot's conduct originates in love of his country ; the demagogue's; in love of himself, either to gratify his irritability because a rrnonable or at unreasonable request has been refused, or to force his way by virulence and invective, or to be pleased with the sound of .iis own harangues; or as some reason for nett 'ening hi, nearest connexions:-a" It dints lee 7:whites poor etre dispense joisifts see vuisins" As the sailer obtains knowledge of the art of navigation. that his vessel may not strike on a rock, and be wrecked. SO the patio( studies the science of government, that be may not miskad or be misled by an injudicious seal. He sentembers the admo nition of Jolm Milton. that "he who is born to promote the public good. should read the law of God above his years. and make it his whole delight." Ile remembers the admonition of Socrates, " that the meanest trade is not attempted without an apprenticeship, but every men thinks himself qualified by in notion for the hardest of all trades, that of gsvernmeno The demagogue can manage a ship in the tempest, although lie never saw the ocean; he an cure diseases, although lie is unacquainted with the structure of the hnman body: he would be a governor, without any knowledge tithe being so be govtrned. 4. The patriot is seldom a member of any party. lle doe. tot surrender his judgment to any man, or to any body of men. He does not adopt opinion upon trust. He does not unite himself tt the upposera of Government ; nor sloes he juin those herds and rocks of people who follow any body that whistles to them or drives them topasture. The happiness of his country is his rale conduct : Ins mode of ascertaining it is the exercise of hi. own undemanding. The demagogue is the worst of all partisans. lie is the leader of the nab; the triton amongst the nunoows. 5. The patriot does not deny his governors their due praise. Tile says, with John Milton, " This is toe the liberty which we can hope. that no grievance ever should rise in the coturaon wealth ; that, let no roan in this world expect. But when com plaints are treely heard, deeply considererhand speedily reformed, then is the utmost bound tat civil liberty attaitial, that wise oleo look for. " This is true liberty. when freeborn men, " Having to advise the public. may speak free." The demagogue is. marked by acrimonious and unremitting opposition to the court. Ili, love of the people consists in excit ing hate against the Government. If public distress incline the Latter orders to tuibuience, he infuses vindictive and discontented fancies into their minds. He exaggerates the evils. to produce rift. He inflates pairing events into permanent causes of misery. Ile ildays defects without their accompanying advantages. lie altitude by chains of simple questions whew the apparent answers arc obvious, but l i the real answers require the oomprehen sum of a system. G. The patriot views the people as a father vim' Lis children. erring and liable to err from want of knowledge ; he therefore avails himself of every opportunity to diffuse information amongst hie countrymen. He enJcavours to inculcate right opinions iota higher tanks, end by their influence to regidate the lower. He lives with the wise, the temperate, the regular, and the virtuous. The demagogue professes to wish that education should be progressive, but be dreads and shuns intellect. The frogs are hilent when a light appears. He endeavours to infuse his opinions into the indigent, who are always intliunmable; into die timid, who are naturally suspicious; into the ignorant, who are easily misled; and into the profligate, who have no Lope but from mischief. 7. The patriot views the people as a father views his children, erring and liable to ern from the impulses of generous or tuibu • 1.-nt passion: he therefore prevents their being hurried to excess by popular harangues. The demagogue promotes them ; he misleads the populace by addresses to their beat and to their worst passions; he deceives the timid with fictitious mischief; appeals to the judgment, and natters the vanity of ignorance; he slanders honesty, and insults nigr.ity. lie talks of natural equality; the absurdity of many made our one; the original compact; the foundation of audios r'ty ; the rights of man; the majesty of the people; the advances of the prerogative; and the danger of arbitrary power. The pinuis for the people; the alvasagogue pleads to them.— •• At the =inclusion of the American war, while the citizens of t e United States; were anticipding the blessings of peace, their army, to which Amen,: a was so greatly indebted, was onrewanhal f./ its services. The States. which had been rescued by its exer t:nil, were in no condition to pay them. An attempt was made theby anonymous and seditious publications to inthame the minds of the officers and soldiers, and induce them to unite in redtessing their own grievances, while they had arms in their hand , . Ai soon as General Washington was informed of the oath re of these papers, he requested f,e general and field offieets, wiM one officer from each company. and a proper reprz sentation of the It ,ft' of the army, to .osemble oa an early day. The General sent for each officer separately. and enlarged in private on the fatal consequences, and particularly o:: the lota of aliatacter to the who:e which would result froin intempe sate ieselutions. When the officers were convened, the com mander addressed them. Ile pledged hitmelf to exert all his utimorc in their favour, and requested them to rely on the faith of then wintry. and conjured them. as they valued their lam t*ur, as they respected the rights of humanity, and es they rug/idled Cie military and national character of America, to camels their utmost detestation of the man who was attempting to ()ern the floodous of civil dis.mel, and deluge their rising empire: with blond." Gen. Washington then retired. No reply whim set was made to the General's speech. After a short silence, a revolation mu unanimously adopted, by which they declared, •• that. do arcumstanee of distress should induce a conduct that :.:ight mad to sully the reputation and glery they had acquired ; t 1.. t the army continued to have an unshaken aallidenee in the j. lee of (;ongress and their casnotij; and that they viewed with almorrenee, and rejected with dies i..in,the infamous pmposhions Late amanyinams address to ::.e officere of t many. it. Tina patriot ptorre.ws a masculine and hadrK•ndent spirit in Ca: people: he i. always ready to countenance t he ir just claims, 1.1 animate their reasvnable hovel: :at rewinds them frequently ei alien- rights; he encourages them to oppose encroachments, add to multiply securities. The demagogue debases the spirit of liberty by inflaming all (lasses to acts of violence; he countenanze, tho claims of the people, whether just or unjust, and rakes false hopes to secure his coa n purposes. If necessary for the happiness of the people, the patriot in etitS the,: txubuni ailLougs, as au uuttuatsit of good, be is not THE NATIONAL REGISTER. indifferent to popular praise. AMause is the demagogue's exis tence: he is nothing if not pordar : he is elated by the triumph, not by .he cause of victory. Instead of opposing the errors of the multitude, he encourages their prejudices and inflames their passions. He unites in the oundeitinauon of Phocion, and in the cry of Disrabbas. " Mark," said Demosthenes to the Atlicniims• "my counsels unto you are not such whereby I should grow great amongst you. and you become little amongst the Grecians: but they , are of that nature as are sometimes not Aced for me to give, hut are always good fur you to follow.' —When Phocion's friends bid him beware how he offended the people, he answered, 'They may wrongfully put me to death for speaking for the benefit of my country, but they would have reason to do so if I continue silent." And judgment was given by voices of the no man sitting, but all standing up, and most a them With garlands on their heads: and Phocion was condemned to death. "It was," says so old translator of Plutarch. " the nineteenth day of the month of Munichion. (to wit, March) on which day the Knights were wont to make a solemn procession in honour of Jupiter ; howbeit. some of them left of the I garland of Ilowm which they should have worne on their header and others also looking towarila the prison door as they went by. burst out a weeping: for they whose hearts were not shows liar. dened with cruelty, and whose judgements were not wh oll y sup pressed with ennui, thought it a grievous sacrile'lge against the goddess, that they di d not let that day passe, but that they did defile so sokmne a feast, with the violent death of a inan. His enemies notwithstanding continuing still their anger against him, made the people passe a decree, that his bottle should be banished and carried out of the bounties of the country of Attica, forbid , ding the Athenians that no firemight be made for the solenim sing of his focused& For this respect no friend of his durst touch his !iodic. Howbeit a poor man called Canopion, that was wont lo get his living that way, being hired for money to borne men's bodies, he took his corse, and carried it beyond the city of E:leusin, and getting fire out of a woman's house of Me gam. he solemnized his funeral& Furthermore a gentlewoman of Allegara, who coming by channee that way, with her gentle woman, where his body was but newly burnt, she caused the earth to be east up a litJe where the body was burnt, and made it like a hollow tombe, whereupon she did use such sprinklin&,s, and effusions, as are commonly done at the funerals of the dead: and then taking up his bones in her lam* in the night, she brought them borne, and buried them in her berth : saying . Oh dear berth, to thee. I belueash the relicts of this noble and good man, and pray thee to keep them faithfully to Ming them one day to the grave of his ancestors, when the Athenians shall eon fesse the faults, and wrong they have done unto him. And truly it was not long after that the Athenians found by the untoward• neon of their affairs, that they had put him to death, who only maintained justice and honesty at Athens. Whereupon they made his image to be set up in braise. and have honourable burial! to his bones. at the charge of the citie. And for his accu sers they condemned Agonidsa of tr ea son, and put to death themselves. The other two, Epicurus and Deunophilus, being fled out of the citie. its. The patriot's plans are not subservient to consideeation of reward, estate, or tide; : they have not precedence in his thoughts nor does he decline thist if they follow in the train of hiaduty.— The demagogue professes to despise what he knows he cannot attain. In the patriot there is nothing personal ; in the dema gogue there is nothing liberal but his pretences. When an ap plication was made to General Washington to accept the com mand of the American army, he said. " Though I am truly sensible of the high honour done me in this appointment, yet I feel great distress from a consciousness that my abilities anti military experience may not be equal to the extensive and im portant trust : however, as the Congress desire it, I will enter true the Momentous duty, ander.ert every power ! posse a in their service, and for support of the glorious cause; and I beg they will accept my most cordial thanks for this distinguished testimo ny of their approbation. But, lest some unlucky event should happen unfavourably to my reputation, I beg it may be remem bered by every gentleman in the room, that I this day declare, with the utmost sincerity, Ido not think myself equal to the command lum honoured with. As to pay, I beg have to assure the Congress, that as no pecuniary consideration could have tempted me to accept this arduous employment, at the expense of my domestic ease and happiness, I do not wish to make any profit from it. I will keep an exact account of my expenses.— These,. I doubt not, they will discharge, and that is all I desire." When an application was made by King John to the Earl of Ulster to act for him as champion, he being the ouly man qua lified for such an encounter; the Earl twice refused, as the King had imprisoned him unheard at the suit of his rival and enemy. Hugh de Lacy. The King made a third application. The Earl returned fur answer, " Though I will not tight for the King, I will hazard illy life fur the clown and dignity of the realm.' 11. The patriot refuses preferment if it may deprive him of the power to advance real good from the appearance of being inter ested. Ease et okk.ri, is his motto. Sir Thomas More says, " When I retuened from the embassy to Flanders, the King would have given me a yearly pensioti, which surely. if one would respect honour and profit, was not to be little esteemed. Yet have I hitherto refused it, and I think I shall refuse it still, because I should be forced to forsake niy present means, which I have already in the city, and I esteem it more than a better: or else I must keen it with sonic dislike to the citizens, between whom and his Highness, if there should happen any controversy (as sometimes it &oil' chance) about their pntileges, they might suspect cane as not sincere and trusty unto them in this respect l am am obliged es the King with an annual stipend." 12. The patriot cannot be bought ; every demagogue has his price. When Alexander sent Phocion 100 glens, Phocion asked his messengers why Alexander gave him such a great re ward above all the other citizens of Athens. " Because," said they, " he ems:meth thee alone to be a good and honest man.' " Let roc then," replied Ptiocion. ** be what 1 seem." Charm he Second sent Lord Treasure" Denby to Andrew Marvel, withs with otfers of protection : the Lord 'Treasurer found hlin in or,e of the little courts in the St.:ind, and assured hini lie was [expressly sent:ikon his Majesty to know what me could du .o serve hnn ? "It is not in his Majesty's power to serve me," said Marvel, jocularly ; when the Lord Treasurer answered, " To u t his Majesty front the just scenic he had of Ins merit alone, de. sired to knew whether there was any place at court he would b e pleased with?" To which he replied, '• 'Chat he could nut with honour accept the otter, since if lie aid. lie must either be on grateful to the King in voting against hint, or liaise to the coun try in supporting the we.outes art the CUtil ; iiie only f-vour, therefore, which lie begged or his Majesty was, that lie would esteem him as dutiful a subject as any lie had, aial wore truly in his proper intermit while thus he refused Ins Mkt:, tau t lie possibly could do should he accept them." 13. When the patriot has dischsx,.,ord his Fublic duties he retires to the charities of private liar. Tit; italr now a proached in which it beaune necessity tin 11:W.14nm to take leave of his army. who had been eadcamd to ..ini by a long series OC CO4IIIIIOI :;utierings assid ilnigets ; the Mixers has mg pre MN oly assembled, General Washington calling fir a g'ass w wow taus addressed Neer—•• With a ova. t imp of :ove ...I.lgratitu.le I tsar take my leaveof you; I most devoutly who, Liar jJor hitter days may be as prosperous and happy, a. your 'untie, ones have n e , is I glorious mutt houourable." tithe., • came ti e , .std he toot an atfectimude of . oi 111011. .4,4 through t corps oh light to the ; lace r • •. the °Meets all !Mamad him. i.ll el terin g 'lie L.,m x . the North river. he turned to u.c ..nitins ti.. o ry, , by waving ins hat, bid Liens 11111U1SCii; Nana ans.l. met :m a ul of respect and an'. :Lion wars, a:l.i al, .sUlig upon the barge which conveyed iiiw from sight, till they coulo no longer distinguish is it the pewit et their beloved counuander. NOT. Is atieh le the true . patriot : such the imagined d i sinterestedness of el- • igogues. Such are some of the marks by which. false patri otism may be discovered ; flattering cruel. Pompous and full of sound and stupid rage: Of faith neglectful, heaping wrong on wrong ; Ambitious, selfish :—whilr the true is calm, Pam, persevering, more in act than show. FROM SATURDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE. (This Gazette contains an Onler for the Court's going into Mourning for her Isle Serene Highness the Duchess Dowager of Brunswick, and also for his Royal Highness Charles Einara.l IV. late King of Sardinia, from the 14th to the 25th tint.] NOMINATION OF SHERIFF'S. Bedfordshire—Sir J. Burgoyne, of Sutton, bart. J. Barber, of Broom, esq. and C. Barnett, of Stratton Park, esq. Berkshire--G. H. Elliott, of Bonfield House, erg. T A. Earl, of Swallowtield Place, and Sir G. E ast , of Hall Place. esq. Buck[—B. Way, of Denham, esq. C. Shard. of Hedgerley Park,. esq. and Sir C. P.. Carrington, of Chalfont St. Giles, knt. Catub. and llunts--J. Burgess, of Benvnek, J. Edis, of Wis. beach. :Jul T. Orton. of March, esqrs. Cheshire—J. F. France, of Bostock. Wilson, of Llandican. and G. Ackers, of Moreton, esqrs. Cumberland— W. Lawson. of Brayton House, J. Marshall, or Ha!Woad, and W. James, of Barrotk Lodge, esqrs. Derhy—F. Mundy, of Alarkeaton, esq. Sir C. H. ColviUe, of Duffield, km. and W. Webster, of Ashbourne. Devon—J. I. Fortescue, of Buckland, B. I. Incl.:don, of Yea Town, and it- llnttt.uf Sidbury, emirs. Dorset—C. Spurner. of Coombe Abner, C. Scott, of Lyteltet Minster, and T Billett, of %%'arni well. emirs. Essex—Sir T. Neut. of Dagnam Park, ban. R. W. Hall, jun. of Great Utord, esti. and Sir G. 11. Smith, of Berechurch, bt. Gloucesteishire—Sir E. B. Sandy:, of Misenline Park, burr. W Miller, of Ozleworth, and 'l'.J. L. Baker, of Hardwick Court. esqrs. , • _ R. Dansey, of Easton, J. Buldulph, of Led. bury, and T. Perry, of Ertlisley Park. esqrs. Ilerts—J. E. Cooke. of furnford, J. Timp.:ron. of New Barns, and T. Daniell. of Little Berkhampueed. esqrs. Kent—Sir T. Dyke. of Lullingford. bt. J. Tilled, of Street F.r.d , esq. vnd Sir J. S. Sidney, or Penshurst Castle, bars. Leicestershire—The Hon. IL W. P. Curzon, of Gopshall, J. Clarke. Little Pearling. esti. and Sir C. T. Palmer, of Wanlip, hart. Lincolnshire—C. Allis. of Willoughby House, W. T. Corbett. of Elkhorn. and E. Weston, of Somerby, asps. Alonirrouttikilirc—Sir R. J. A. Kemys. of Malpu, knight, W George, of Frostman house, and J. B a ld wyn , o f Ch epstow N2Z—G. S. Kett. of Brook, esq. SirJ.Astley, of Mama C.a. stable, bort. and J. J. Gay, of Alburgli, esti. Northamptonshire—J. Cook, of Huothorpe, 'l'. I'. Mansell, or Thorpe Malsor, and J. Nethercoat, of Haselbeach esqrs. Northumberland—R. W. Gray. of Bsckworth House. W. Clarke, of Benton House, and C. J. Broodling, of Goslorth House, osqrs. Nottmgliat»eldre—Sir R. Clifton, of Clifton, bart. G. G. I iams, of Kempston, and H. Pocklington. of Muskliaan Grange, esqrs. Oxford hire—T. Fraser, of Woodcot.house, W. Vanderstegcn. of C.ute End, and C. 0. Bowles, of North Aston, esqrs. Rutlandshire—W. Praed, of Lyddington. T. A. Woods, o Braunston, and R. Shield, of Wing, esqrs. Shropshire—lL Heber, of Harnett, T. Taylor, of Enema, and I'. Borough, of o—twynd End. esqrs. Somersetshire—Sir , W. Bampf)lde, of Hardington Park, bt. G. M. B. Napier, of East Permuni, and W. ILuining. of Dd. bngton, ears. Staffonlshire—M. Walhouse„ of Ilatetton, esq. Sir J. P. Boughey, of Aqualate, hart. and T. Li ster , o f A rm i tage P ar k. esq. Southampton—J. Scone, of Rotherfield Park, T. D. Schutt. of Burton-house, and G. Purvis, of Blackbmok-house, esqrs. Sottirlk—G. Thomas, Woodbridge, P. Bennett, Bury St. Ed niunds. and E. G wilt, of Icklingham, esqrs. Surrey—ll. Truwer, of Crated Wood, J. Spicer, of Esher Place. and J. Whitmore, of Epsom, esqrs. Sussex—W. J. Campion, of Danny, R. Harder. of Bognor, arts F. S Blunt, of 1 1 1 orth, esqrs. Warwickshire—W. Williams, of the l.arches, W. Palmer, of Ladbrook, and C. H. Wren. of Wroxhall. esq. Wiltshire—A. Goddard, of Swindon, G. P.Jervoise, of Britford, and A. Awdry, of Scend, esqrs. Worcestershire—lt. Griffiths, of Thorngrove, E. Isaac, cf Boughton. and S. Ryeland.of Northfield, isms. Yorkshire—H. Vansittart. of Kirk Leatham, e.g. Sir 11. Wilon, of Crofton, knight, and T. Thornhill, of Fiaby, esq. WHITEHALL, Nov. 12. Ms Royal Highness the Prince Ilegint Las been pleased, in the risme and on the behalf of his lajesty„ to constitute and appoint William Eal of travel , to be his Majesty's Lieutenant and (.Leos ltutulortrin of the county of Berks, to the room of the Earl of Radnor, resigned. OrrICF or ARMI. DUBLIN, OCT. 3n. Ilia Excellency the Lord Lieutenant Was this day :o confer the honour of Knighthood, at the Castle, upon Grey, of `lane Castle, in the county of Meat!:, F.,4. M. D. F. IL S. and F. L. S. Nov. His Royal Highness the Prince Regent has hevn pleased, in the name and on the half of his Majesty, to appoint Doe:or S oilers:Me to be Physician to the Royal Hospital at Clicisea, in the room of Doctor Moseley, deceased. RANKRurrciES SUPERSEDED. R. Cooper. liawchfle, conui.on brew-a. t.. Lute, i.lmtcheater, merchant. BA N K It UM'S. W. Fames, Haymarket, horse dealer. Fee:tors Met Art. Jones and ltd Ind, Great Alarylehone ree t. .1. Wulson, I lid broad st...et,. In:reliant. Sole. Mom rattr sen Lod l'ei.e, Old lartatal street. GIVIDENDS. Nnv. J. Jump and 'l'. Ihrgrovor. Fore Street, hat me nutictitiers—va, J. B. Tana!, Nlinuries, own I. ctor—lbea 7, J. Yute. Wol.7ester, loath rseller—e. Milne, Nitre renilatteli street. inerelwint-14. J. Nleusly, Volk Mews, Pad dington mica, livery stable keeper.—S. B. Hudson. Gibraltar. merchant.—l•f, J. Welton!. Broad street. skipseller-4. H. Har ris. juin J. Wiikirmon. and W. Harris. Wallitig be ea. Cheap , side. hole•iilelineu , Wapers.--10. S. Partridge. Caruift; iron. muager S. AlliltUfbl. Nlarket street. Westmin,ter. brewer.- 14. 11. and C. Bugg. Atutin Fria a , silitiven —4. J. U. Cruet, Bristol. awn factor.—l I; It. Ager, le , ei etreid, Burton Cre-- ant, paper lianger-15. It. Karpeles, Siart. , gate-,tievt, Dover, fruit dealer. CERTIFICATES to he granted 117,e. 4. J. I.• . Lower Irtota., et rt Chamber layti . 1id,..115W.. 1., ater, Ho sat, White Cru,t .tract. eaateoal Collyhurst, Man agua —W. A. Drag, ilvtimiiitbc Well, shipwright. ♦l4 . r ...