The National Register. — London, England, 1813-07-11 00:00:00

TIIE NATIONAL REGISTER. Lit' 11. They are working with the greatest activity in augmenting the fortifications of Cri _eggs. His Majesty wishes to make that town a regular fortress ; and as the plan is defective, he has ordered it to be covered by three crowns, by nearly foiltwing the method which Senator Count Chaimloupe has put in practice at Alexandria. Torgau is in a good condition. They are also working with great activity in fortifying Hamburgh : the .Gineral of Engineers l4axo hat proceeded thither to mark out the citadel, and establish in the islands works to connect Hamburgh with Harburg. The engineers of bridges and causeways are constructing there two flying bridges, upon the same system as those at Antwerp, one for the flowing, the other for the ebb-tide. A new fortress upon the Elbe has been traced out by General Haxo, on the Verden side, at the mouth of the Havel, The forts of Cuxhaven which were in a condition to support a siege, but which were abandoned without reason, and vehicle the enemy had raised, ate rebuilding. They are actively employed on them ; they will no longer be sim ple inclosed batteries, but a fort, which, like Fort Imperiale on the Scheldt, will protect the arsenal for construction and the lemon, the establishment ef which has been projected upon the Elbe, since the Engineer Beatific, who employed two)cars in sounding the river, discovered it had the same properties as the Scheldt, and that the largest squadrons could be constructed in it, and collected in its roads. The :id division of the Young Guard, which General Labourde, an officer of consummate [merit, commands, is encamped in the woods in advance of Dresden, upon the right bank of the Elbe. The 4th division of the Young Guard, which General Friant com mands, debauches by Wurtzburg. Some regiments of that division have already passed that town, and marched towards Dresden. The cavalry of the guard already reckons more than 9000 horses. The artillery consists already of more than .(200 pieces of cannon. The infant)) , forms five divisions, four of which are of the young, and one of the old guard. The 7th corps, which General Reviler commands, composed of Duratte's division, which is a French division. and two Saxon divisions, is receiving its com plement. This corps is encamped in advance of Goerlitz. All the Saxon light cavalry have joined it, and are also going to be completed. The King of Saxony has completed his two fine regiments of cui rassiers to their full complement. His Majesty has been extremely satisfied with the Kings and Grand Dukes of the Confederation. The King of Wurtemberg has particularly distinguished himself. He has made, considering his ability, efforts equal to those of France, and his army, infantry, cavalry, and artillery has been carried to its full complement. Peince Ernest of Hesse Dramstadt, constantly distinguished himself' in the last campaign, and in the present by great sang froid and intrepidity. He is a young Prince of promise, whom the Emperor g reatly esteems. The Princes of Saxony alone are in arrear with their contingents. Not only is the citadel of Erffirt in good condition and well provisioned, but the fortifications of the town have been re-established ; they are covered by advanced works, and henceforth Erfurt will be a strung place, and of the first importance. The Congress has not yet assembled; we, however, expect that it will in a few days :—if a month has been lost, the fault is not with France. England, who has no money, has nut.been able to furnish any to the coalesced powers; but she has just conceived a new expedient: a treaty has been concluded between England, Prussia, and Russia, in consequence of which a new paper money, for seve ral hundred millions will be created, guaranteed by three Powers. It is upon this resource that they depend for meeting the expenses Of the war. In the separate artielea, England guarantees a third of this paper ; so that in reality it is a new debt added to the Eng lish debt. It remains to be known in what country this paper will be issued. When this luminous idea was conceived, it was proba bly imagined that this emission would take place at the expense of the confederation of the Rhine, and even of France, particu larly in Holland, Pelgium, and the Departments of the Rhine Nevertheless, the treaty has not on that account been ratified since the Armistice. Russia pays the expellees of her army with paper, which the inhabitants of Prussia arc obliged to receive : Prussia herstlf pays her dtbts with paper England likewise has her paper. It appears that each of those isolated papers has no longer sufficient credit, as those Powers have come to a reso lution of creating a common one. It remains far the merchants and bankers to inform us, if the credit of the new paper is to in crease by the credit of the three Powers, or rather if this credit is to be the quotient of it. Sweden alone appears to have received money from England, to rem 5 to 600,0001. sterling. • Y The garrison of Modlen is in a good state. The fortifications have been augmented. We have decyphered at the head-quarters the two reports from the Governors of Modlen and Zamose. The garrison of these two fortresses remained maters of the country a league rowed them, the troops who. blockaded them being only badly armed_ and an mtequipped militia. The Emperor has taken into his pav Prince Poniatowski's army, and given it a new orga nization. In less than twenty days it will be freA equipped and in wood condition. However brilliant this situation may be, and at though his Majesty has really more power than ever, be only on this account desires peace with more ardour. The Administration has purchased a great quantity of rice, in order that during the tx cessive heat, this product shooid constitute a quarter of the sat dier's Mon/tear, July 3.) GOTTEN BURGH MAIL. GOITENBURGII, JUNE '29. —TLe Swedish army is certainly in motion. and, it is said, with a fixed determination to march into Holstein, and retake Hamburgh. No doubt is entertained but that Norway must fall. PETERSDURGH, JUNE 11.—The march of the Imperial Russian army, through the Government between the Vistula and the Rm. sian borders, still continues. It is upwards of 40,000 strong, and in the best order. HEAD-QUARTERS, STRALSUND, JUNE 11.—Danish troops en tered Lubeck on the Sd instant. General Count Schulenberg, who commands them, has formally notified to General Teitenbora the commencement of hostilities between Itnicaia and Denmark. AMERICAN MESSAGE. " Fellow Citizens of the Senate, and of the House of Representatives, " At an early day after the close of the last Sessson of Coupe's, an offer was fiirmally communicated from the Emperor of Russia, of his mediation as the common friend of the United States and Great Britain, for the purpose of facilitating a peace between them. The high character of the Emperor Alexander being a satisfactory pledge for the sincerity and impartiality of his offer, it was immediately accepted ; and as a farther proof of the disposition on the part of the United States to meet their adversary in honourable experi ments for terminating the war, it was determined to avoid inter mediate delay, incident to the distance of the parties, by a defini tive provision for the contemplated negotiation. Three of our emi nent Citizens were accordingly commissioned with the requisite powers, to conclude a Treaty of Peace with persons clothed with like powers on the part of Great Britain. They were authorised also to enter into such conventional regulations of the commerce between the two countries as may be mutually advantageous. The two Envoys, who were in the United States at the time of their appointment, have proceeded to join their colleague already at St. Petersburgh. " The Envoys have received another commission, authorising them to conclude with Russia a Treaty of Commerce, with a view to strengthen the amicable relations, and improve the beneficial intercourse between the two countries. "'The issue of this friendly intercourse of the Russian Emperor. and this pacific manifestation on the part of the United States, time can only decide. That the sentiments of Great Britain towards that Sovereign will have produced an acceptance of his offered mediation, must be presumed. That no bAequate- motives exist to prefer a continuance of war with the United States to the terms on which they are willing to close it is certain. " The British Cabinet also must be sensible, that with respect to the important question of Impressment, on which the war so essen tially turns, a search far, or seizure of British persons or property on board neutral vessels, in the high seas, is not a belligerent right de rived from the law of nations: and it is obvious, that no visit or search, or use of force for any purpose, on board the vessel of one independent Power on the high seas, can, in war or pence, be sanc tioned by the laws or authority of another Power. It is equally ob vious. that for the purpose of preserving to each State its seafaring mtmbers, by excluding them from the vessels of the other, the mode heretofore proposed by the United States, and now enacted by them as an article of municipal policy, cannot for a moment be com pared with the mode practised by Great Britain, without a convic tion of its title to preference ; inasmuch as the latter leaves ri.: discrimination between the mariners of the two nations to office] • exposed to unavoidable bias, as well as by a defect of evidence, to .. wrong decision under circumstances precluding for the most pi.t the enforcement of controlling penalties, and where a wrong;dee. sion, besides the irreparable violation of the saertd tights 01 4 per sons, might frustrate the plans and profits of entire voyages : ..„,,.....,