The National Register. — London, England, 1817-12-08 00:00:00

;4;`,U SOUTH AMERICA. (PROM THE AMERICAN PAPERS.) Citautuston, OCT. 21.—A gentleman who left Fernandina en 10th instant informs that the Elm lilt patriots had been it. a state of great-confusion fur some days before he lett the island, and it was 1101 expected that matters wool./ be settled immediately. The French patty tinder Comm°. done Aury, with his Sheriff Hubbard. with all the Americans, and the greatest part of the seamen, on the other, ale at open mai and it was the general expectation that blood would be idled befor, the commotion ended. Such was the of the Go v ernment, that New Councils were formed every two or three days. On the 15th an arrangement was entered into, which ex cluded the military entirely front 'mace ; and there was tutu doubt that this Council would be overturned soon by the military, who in their turn, would exclude the cis Ulans of this rising empire front all participation in the administration. For the last three days the parties were actually in arms against each other % and it is next to impossible, even on the spot, to cotyectute Whitt a week or a day may bring foith. Strung reinfOrcementa were hourly expected by both sides ; and shoed./ Commodore Champlin go iu , who WAS off St. Mary's liar, with thi ee or four sail of vi vsels, the American party expected to Cava . ) , the day : if not, Commodoie Aury, with his %derails, will probably keep the other under. The COllllllodOle had issued a proclamation in the name of a the Sin.reitie Junta of the Flwidas to the inhabitants of Amelia," in which lie says," A horrid plot hail threatened to ruin in its infancy our rising Republic. Discord ever ready to spread its baneful 14141'1115, bad put us on the brink of a civil war: fonimately we still preserved among us respect lbw liberty, cud the cause we detend. We have discovei eel the secret machinations of a despotic Government, and we hare saved onrielves trout ruin, into which Spanish perfidy was on the eve of plunging us." The Commander in Chiet, however. leaves the nature of the plot in great obscurity, but all we eon gather from him confirms the s:dicinent given above from the Chat Mon IN1)1►. The accounts received ft;m; . India in the course of the week, •bring the satisfactory intelligence that the Mahratta war was considered an event no longer within the range of probability. Mr. Elphinstone, by a masterly decision at P o onah, gained the victory without a battle. The civil con test, however, if it can be so called, was still carried on in the Company's eastern ten Rory. The rebels, though appa rently on the point of being overpowered, had not been ac tually quelled. lint if the difficult nature of the country was such as to afford any chance sf a protracted warfare, the immense milieu iority of force on our side left none what ever of a fortunate result . On the first of Jane, the Magistrate at Cuttack made known, that the Pykes were laying waste the district inr all quarters ; that the insurrection was extending itself to Bala sore, and that some attention would be required in that di rection. The Pykes are found to be exceedingly tronble some, not on account of their numbers, but because of their anode of warfare. They harbour like tigers and other wild beasts in thick jungles, and lire upon small parties. 'l' hey can always effect their retreat, and at the bailie time, by their tlire::ts pus seat the inhabitants from returning. Under these circumstances, it is a task of sonic difficulty to restore tran quillity throughout the district whiclEthey have occupied. From Calcutta it is stated, that the 21st of May, Shai k Dultou, with about 800 Pindarees, had succeeded in his at tempt to cross the Nerbudda, with the intention of pushing forwat dto the southward. This desperate movemem, as it is called, is conjectured to have been occasioned by a re. hellions party in the Poonah dominions, with which these iri u riarees had determined to co-operate. The British forces are so strong in the direction they had taken, that there was Little expectation uf their being enabled to escape. Jean Baptiste, and other distinguished officers iu Scindiah's service, have taken up arms against the Biitish ; but their followers ale kw, and not of a warlike description. From Cattack we learn, that Mukhuond Deo, the Rajah of Khoordah, and his sou arrived at that station on the I th of )lay. They were to be conveyed from thence without delay to Calcutta with a strong escort. PERSIA. The Calcutta Government Gazette of the 29th of May con tains some very curious and interesting information from Persia. It seems that Russia has of late exerted herself to conciliate the Persian Nobility, strictly, however, on the principle of "peace to the cottage, and war to the castle." The Embassy , to Terhatin is spoken of as conspicuously splendid. His Excellency General Germaloff had reached Erwan on his route to the Persian capital. The best informed men, however, conceived that the negociatious and confer ences would terminate in war. The Wahabes let slip no opportunity of distinguishing themselves by acts of cruelty and piracy. Their Chief con tinues to lie sorely pressed by the Turkish troops of the Pasha of Egypt, at no great distance from the capital of the former. lie, however, defends himself to the last extremity. Daood Pasha has lately ascended the Musund of Bagdad, by the ordinary expedient of murdering his predecessor.— The most important feature in the intelligence from Persia is the expected arrival iu that country of a number of French <Akers from Paris. A Colonel Morcier of the cavalry, and Captain Hubert, had made their way already; but the new employment cut out for them by their Government at home may supersede their enterprises in the eastern as well as in the western hemisphere. The two Officers above mentioned presented themselves to the Prince Heir-apparent, attired in rich uniform. In a short conversation they entirely won the heart of his Royal Highness, and obtained his permission for their brethren at Paris to make part of the Army of Persia. the Prince, however, at the same time declares, that lie sivould not have given encouragement to Frenchmen, had 'British subjec is been allowed to serve under Persian colours. .His Persian Majesty was at the capital in April last, waiting sue arrival of the Russian Embassy, for whose reception he bad made the must splendid preparations. Between four and five o'clock in the morning ofTtresda week, the watchman on duty in the 1t est Bow, Edinburgh. eras slarined by hearing some person groaning. He proceed ed to search a staircase from which the distressing sounds ap. peered to proceed ; anti through a window discovered mat l y i ng , ' ,ppm midy senseless, in a drain between the trout le. newent and the roof of a back house. The aatehmau pre . cured assistance,. lint, in order to come at the man, it oa• found neCeiNary to take out the window frame. The unfortu nate sufferer was immediately barite to the Police otlice ; nu . dical assistance oils obtained, but it proved of uo avail, fur he expired in a few moiticnts. A man, a woman, und a /ad are in custody as suspicion. THE NATIONAL REGISTER REVIEW OF LITERATURE. Narrative of a Voyage to New Zealand, performed in the Years 1814 aid 1815, in Company with the Rte. SAMUEL MARSIAN, A Principal Chaplain Of New Sarah ;Vales. . By JOHN LIDDIARD NICHOLAS, Esq. 2 Vols. Bvo. The public are indebted, fir these interesting vo lumes, to an attempt, on the part of the Church Mis sionary Society, at colonization, and the introduction of religious and moral instruction, among the natives of New Zealand, a people known, at the present day, to Europeans, almost exclusively by their ferocious con duct towards persons falling into there power, and of whose addiction to cannibalism their is, unhappily, but too indubitable proofs. Judging from these filets, it will readily be admitted, that any attempt towards a friendly communication, or intercourse with such a race seemed equally vain and hopeless. One individual, however, entertained a far different opinion: mud to his benevolent mind, and enterprizing spirit, it may reasonably be hoped that these benighted savages at no distant period, be indebted fir the blessings of civilization, and that their country will be rendered not only of greater value to themselves, but also of much importance to our contiguous colony of New South Wales, and to the numerous British vessels which now navigate the Pacific. This individual was the Rev. Samuel Marsden, his Majesty's principal Chaplain in the territory of New South Wales, and agent for the Church Missionary Society in that part of' the globe. Notwithsamling the various acts of cruelty committed by the Zealanders towards some of the crews of ships touching upon the islands, and the recent ease of a whole crew having been massacred, and many of them devoured, and the vessel burnt, by one of the tribes, Mr. Nlareden was not discouraged in his plan of endcaveuring to introduce the arts of civilization, and the truths of revealed religion amongst them ; while he deplored the events above alluded to, he kept his mind free fiont those hostile feelings, and that spirit of re venge which had of late been but too generally mani fested towards the natives of New Zealand: he saw enough in the character and dispositions of the few in dividuals, who from time to time visited Port Jackson, to excite his suspicions,. that a spirit of retaliation, ra ther than innate ferocity, must have led to the commis sion of those cruelties which had of late been perpe trated ; suspicions that were strengthened by. the well known bad conduct of many of the commanders and crews of ships, in all their communications with the South Sea islanders. Ile knew, too, that Captain Cook had been received by these people in the most friendly manner; that he had penetrated a considera ble way into the interior of the islands, 'which he strongly recommended as a spot for colonization ; and had described the natives as a mild and hospitable race. As fir as respected their cannibalism, Mr. Marsden carefully distinguished between acts committed during the phrenzy of revenge, and the general usages of a people. Ile had entertained some of the New Zea landers who had visited Port Jackson, in his own house, where he narrowly watched their conduct and propensities, and every thing he observed, chewed them to be a high-minded, intelligent people, possess ing, with fine, well proportioned, and manly persons, sonic of the best qualities of the human heart, amongst which, that of giwiiinde was highly prominent. They saw clearly, and acknowledged the benefits of civiliza tion, and readily confessed their own inferiority and • wretched condition, compared with that of Europeans. While considering the best means of carrying his plan into effect, Mr. Marsden derived essential assist ance from an accidental circumstance :—On board the ship in which he made his last voyage from England to New South Wales, he found a native of New Zea land, a Chief, as was afterwards proved, and the suc cessor of one named Tippahee, who was well known at Port Jackson in the time of Governor King. As this young man acts a conspicuous part in the transaction detailed in these volumes, we shall here give a brief' sketch of the earlier part of his life :—ln 1805, he em barked on board the Argo whaler, with two of his countrymen, where they served while she was off their coast, and subsequently arrived in her at Port Jackson ; after refitting, she sailed again to fish on the coast of New Holland, where she continued about six months, and then returned to Port Jackson, ween the master discharged I)uaterra, the young Chief in question, but without any remuneration for nearly twelve months services. He there entered the Albion whaler, and after a cruize of another six months, was landed in his island by the Captain, who paid him fir his services.— He lid not retnain long at home : another whaler, the Santa Anna, touching at the Bay of Islands, his resi deuce, he embarked on board her. He suffered many hardships during this trip ; but nut sufficient to cure him of a roaming disposition ; fur, on the Santa Anna completing her cargo, and preparieg to ,ail fur Eng land, Duaterra engaged to proceed thither in her us a common sailor, for the purpose of gratityieg a desire lie had song entertained, et seem,., King ( ! The ship arrived in the Thames about Juq, f.,u9 ; but, untiatunate4 fel* this poor savage, and to the eternal DYC. 8. disgrace of the Captain, he was kept ahnost constantly on board till the vessel discharged her cargo, and then turned over, almost naked, and silk from the bard. ships find disappointments he had received, to the Ann, a convict ship, then at Gravesend, being told he would receive his wages at Port JueLion, Which, however, ho never did, Mr. Marsden being ordered by government, about this period, to return to New South Wales, toot his passage in the Ann, which he joined at Spithead. " When I embarked (says he), lluata►a ass confined below by sicker s, so that laid not see him, or know he ►vas three for some time. (hi my first observing him, he was on this forecastle, wrapped up in an old great coat, very sick and weak, had a very violent congh, and discharged (imbler. able quantities of blood from his munth. His mind wilt very much dejected, maul be appeared as if a few days would terminate Ilk existence. I enquired of the master %hero he had met with him, and also of Ihiaterra what had brought him to England, an I how he emote to be so wretched and miserable. He told me the hardships aml wrongs lie had ex petienced on hoard the Santa Amin were exceedingly great, and that the English sailors had beaten him very lima, which was the cense of his spitting . hlood; that the master had &liquified him of all his ~caAes, u nil pr evented his seeing the King. I should have bi en very happy if there haul been time to have called the sinister of the Santa Anna to account fur his conduct, but it was too Isle; I entries vowed to booth his afflictions, and assured him that he should be protected from insults, and that his wants should be sap• plied. " By the kindness of the surgeon and master, and by pro per nourishment adi ll itt istered to him, he begun in a great measure to recover both hi.; strength awl spirits, and got quite well, sometime before we anise(' at Rio de Janeiro. He was ever after truly grateful for the attention that was shewn to him. As soon as he was able, he did hi • duty as a common sailor on board the Anti, till she arrived at Port Jackson, in Febinary thin, in w Mei. capacity he was con sidered equal to most of the men on board. The master be haved very kind to him. He tell the Aim, and accompanied me to Parramatta, and resided with me till the November following, during which time he applied himself' to agtical• turn." Some time after their arrival at Port Jackson, the Frederick whaler touched there on her way to the coast of New Zealand to fish, and Duaterra being now anx ious to return to his friends, Mr. Marsden conditioned with the Captain of the Frederick, to carry him, to gether with three of his countrymen, to their homes ; the terms were, that they should serve on hoard whilst the vessel was on the coast, and that, upon quitting it, they should be landed at the Bay of Islands: but this Unprincipled commander, instead of fulfilling his en. gagements, carried them all to Northlk Island, where they were nearly drowned in procuring water for the vessel; and finally, after they were of no further use to him, left Duaterra, with two of his countrymen, on that inhospitable spot, (having carried off the other by terce) almost entirely destitute. From this place they were carried to Port Jackson by another whaler which happened to touch there, and through the kind aid of Mr. Marsden, were at last taken home by the ship Ann ; Mr M. having furnished Duaterra with seed wheat, and various implements of husbandry, in conse quence of his strong desire. to introduce agriculture into his country. He sowed his wheat, and it grew luxu. riantly, as did that which he had given to the other chiefs ; but they had become impatient, and supposing the produce was to be found at the mots, like potatoes, they pulled up all their crops, which were thus, of course, destroyed, and ridiculed Duaterra for his tell ing them they would produce bread. He, however, waited patiently till his little stock ripened ; but here an unexpected difficulty presented itself; he had no mill to grind it when it was thrashed out ; he there fore applied, through some vessels which touched at the Bay of Islands in their way to Port Jackson, to Mr. Marsden, for a mill, which was sent him, and to his inexpressible delight, and the utter amazement of his incredulous countrymen, he was enabled to chew them what he had promised, bread, such as they saw on board English ships. The Church Missionary Society having resolved, in 1808, upon making a settlement in New Zealand, and some of the Missionaries having accompanied Mr. Mars den to New south Wales, that gentleman availed him self of his acluaintance with Duaterra, and dispatched these two Missionaries to the Bay of Islands, in a vessel he hired, to ascrtain how far the views of the Society were likely to be accomplished. Nothing could be more favourable than the report they made on their re. turn, which was further strengthened by Duaterra, and another chief, his uncle, accompanying them to Port Jackson We reserve for our next number, an account of the preparations at Port Jackson, and the establishment of the Missionaries at the Bay of Islands. A person intimate sa Ii Las Catias mention•, that he RC" gummed him that pre. ions to his leaving, St, il e l e inr, his miggage was strictly examined ny order of the Ciliverim., and that a packet containing ilia hitimay of Boonaparte, written ia3, Las Casas at the immediate desire 01 Boon:Tarte, and ender I is direction, iia• taken limn luu , ; he made pressing l'p'rations that it mi g ht he re !hilted, which th. Governor omitvally refused ;at leng II Nes a n..a, that this RM. lIIW a dithiry rumalis w the possession of Ge natal Lowe, and with Ins la n ai Las CaSJS sHise,t has seal, that the packet should not lic opened at 'Juin hats Et...v.01% Las Caws that he Isamu s mine ill the WSW') BUO. 11.3palIc titan au) other [lmmo', 1.4 a seliesl,l )ears his :seesetary ; and to no min a - prison clad tli iiiii aparte ever diva-lose his mind. La• t.:asiis is a middied aged map : his sou ' s youth of 13 or 13 )ears of age, i4ccouipauits high