The National Register. — London, England, 1821-03-05 00:00:00

." v ,/," -- . - ••'aes.— • gl, '-r*-a , -- e-7 .•'' ;;" I - .1.1. r!sid*h INN bt No. 1,301.—V0t. XIV.] THE AUSTRIAN DECLARATION. After a long series of political storms the kingdom of Naples was, in the year 1115, restored, by the assistance of the Austrian arms, to the paternal government of its legitimate King; the two portions oilier Sicilian 11011/11cloy which had been so long separated were again united, and the wishes of all well-disposed persons were gratified by the happy prospect of durable repose. The latter period of the foreign government had, however, revived an in ternal enemy, more dangerons than any oilier to the repose • of the Italian peninsula. There chi iteol in the kingdom of Naples. as well as soother states of Italy, a sell, work ing in darkness, whose secret chiefs e d to meditate the overthrow of all the Italian governments, as the first step towards the execution of the extravagant plans in which they were engaged. At the moment when Murat, In order to support his tottering throne, conceived the desperate project of con quering Italy, despair inspired him with the idea of call ing to his aid those same Larbonari whom he bad more than once combated, and whose criminal intrigues acquired front that time an infilience, which, without the assistance of this unlooked-for alliance, they would perhaps never have obtained. The vigilance of the royal government, the zeal with which it employed itself in iuoinuting essential improve ments in all the branches of the administration, the general affection bottle to the Sovereign, whose paternal goodness had gained to him the hearts of his subjects, rendered 'boa live all the enteonrises of this sect during the first year which followed the restoration ; and perhaps, like so many other secret associations, it would have insensibly ' become powei less and have fallen irto oblivion, if the events which treik place le the kingdom of Spain at the commencement of the year 3520 hail not given it a fresh impulse. Front this moment its audacity redoubled, and assisted by the contagious fanaticism which it suited, it soon increased so much in numbers and ito influence, that the laws and the entliority of the executive were no longer sufficiently powerful to suppress it. It disseminated with fitilefatigable industry, amidst all classes of the people, till then tranquil and moderate in their desires, a spirit of discontent and bitterness, dispositions hostile to their government, awl a passionate desire for political innova tion. Ii succeeded at letigth in corrupting a portion of the army; and, assisted by this most Ciiinitial of all its measures, this sect caused the revolution to break out in the first jays of the mouth of July. It is inipossibie to give a wore exact or more authentic account of this explosion tint that which is contained in the circular despatch addressed by the Hew Nlinister tOr foreign Affairs, on the day on which he tittered upon his functions, to the diplomatic agents of Naples at foreign courisi— Ou the nights of the Ist and 2d (it is stated in this despatch) the greatest part of the royal regiment of ca valry of Bourbon quitted its quarters at Nola, and raised tricoloured standard, With the inscription-s.' Long live the Constitution!' The colours were those of the sect of the Cnrbonari, which for some time past hail kept up a iermeotaitoli in the kiegdoni, and had demanded, with eiritesiness, a constitutional twin of goverioneut in the out/titres, and lastly, the insubordination of some Chief* of districts, pi oiied to his Maje.ty that the wish of the people was to obtain a emistitutional government. In sonsequence whereof the King published a proclamation, ISoo ol thrthlri that in eight days he would make public the basis of a CON•tll The first advantage was only the prelude of a more decisive attark. On the next day the chiefs of the revolt 101 ced the Kieg to pi 0414101 the 5116114611 4-0;1.1111.ii011 g Slid withuol4ny liepatatury measures, they yelped lila Militia), his Millis is and fuuctiottarits , and his troops, In tyke a eulcuut Oath to that constitution, which, in the midst of disco tiers and terror, they architect to be the tou sbtmental law tit the kingdom. lot signing his Out promise, the King hail made a great sacrifice to the togit.ition which ptevailed ; and although his Alioesty could mi n t but lie ass arellti.„‘ iiieonsiderate suet Impossible to be executed was the wove' of Homing a constitution in right days, there replanted to hint at least the hope, that mote calm and wiser ri wood ',tweet-it to the ederveseenre of M11161(.111. rot I.v „ i v elpt•Srlisice changed, when, alter this fast ensieeriten, rowslitilitolial to t wits °titled for the itamenta le accept. sore of ilto. King, iliesWlt Op eight Yeats heftily in it fmt ign country, miner auspices particularly difficult and olisas• irons—an net of which the King nut his 'umiak' s, p e t any Valium/on, with the esceptiott tot few eunspit a loss. had au) knowledge, except by ext. aele ti one 'WWI,- liapells, Mill of W lilt+, at the moment of its proclamation, !bele dill nuu taut even a translation at Naples. This step bore too clearly the marks of its might, and of the criminal means which could alum insure its success, fur the least nimbi to rcmaru as to tht' positittil of the Mo• 1141•61111 or of the stair, its at Vaare).Siall, eunluhittng equally the dignity of the Sov el vigil mid the destini e s el Ilse comory, etinlil root be wiling 111,1111 his 514 testy oil ie r m ea n s M a o Ilio•e of V 11111•1111. and rhranrr. Th e desire of providing agaitisi gicalur ryas, Mill of pi ey ele t. lug the ennone e sien id dt, mind et intr., condi! alone Milner Or King to comsent at tile moment to so fatal a lalea•lite. This explanation 4.f nu event, inexplicable in any mist tense, would catty with it its own colitis 'Haiku., evo n to ro. it mint uthei wise e•tislilislieti by is oefragalole The great blots' being 1111..1:Reit, and lire otiyal aullio city b ly dratlu)tel, the of the sect of thi ii principal associates hit olic first &vetoes of the revolt imme diately l ee k moon theinselvee exclusive J ingoe Toe resistance *mei, the kingii,.ol el so,i! y uppwsuti to th e i r libitraryentcq'it•uswa,nushrd nt Moen and in tones In eider to giar to then usei panel. .6 iO,.ut of e‘ ationat Our wing, eoniStitution, atm Rab)4. MONDAY, MARCH 4, 1821. they soon created, nnder the title of a Natianal Parlia ment, an Instrument, by means of which, in the space of • few mouths, they overturned all existing rights, and all the basis of public order ; and through w high, without any other power but their arbitrary will, they substituted, in the room of the ancient civil and political laws of the two kingdoms. institutions perfectly unknown, sanetioned by no experience, and which were no less in contradiction to the character than to the wants of the nation, The King, unable to consider such • state of things so unnatural as likely to be of long duration, persuaded at the scone time that untimely opposition would only draw down new perils ni his person, his family, and his country, supported with resignation this cruel lot, which lie had in nowis4 merited. All the enlightened inhabi tants of the country, the greatest part too of those who, seduced by the vein hope of a more fortunate terutivatiou. had at first favoured the revolution, but who hail subtle, quently become convinced of the pernicious effects of • system which the ruling party had established as most suited to their particular interests alone, without' reference to the interests of the country—all these were coodeiseued to silence. The mass of the people soon recovered limn their ephemeral enthusiasm ; and grieved to see their hopes deceived, and discouraged by vague forebodings of the calamities which menaced them, they awaited in silent uneasiness the final i.sne of the crisis. Thus is to be ex plained that apparent tranquillity under cover of which the Parliament, powerless in itself and subject to the con trol of a small number of despots ready to attempt every thing, conducted the kingdom towards its inevitable solution ;--a tratiqndlity wit did not prevent the most nnbridled anarchy from swallowiag up the last remains of public prosperity, and the true charac er of which could not be misunderstood by any foreign government. The events at Naples had produced a strong sensation throughout the whole of Italy. A revolution, plotted by obscure fanatics, and executed by perjured soldiets, who in a few days deprived a King of his power and of his liberty, and ',bulged two kingdoms in the abyss of disor der, necessarily inspired, whatever its ulterior devehip. mein might be, the most serious apprehensions in all the neighbouring governineuts. The 1114161111 loudly pro claimed by the authors of this revolution—thy facility with which these Maltilltl acre circulated, by words and by writings, in all parts of Italy—the daily conversations of their foreign accomplices I—all these things tended to augment the pressure of the apprehension s No Italian sovereign could conceal limn himself tl.at the internal peace and prosperity of his staler were menaced equally lay the example and the results of ass overthrow which attacked the social edifice in ass deepest foundations. The Emperor was aware from the 61st moment, that there would lie an end of order and tranquillity iu Italy for a length of time, if the cbirfs and fomeiners of a 'event winch nothiug could justify and multi, g conln excuse, were permitted with impitnity to tat:dike the monaschy of the Two Sieilies in their insular projects. His Imperial Majesty, penetrated wills a sense el vs hat lie owed to the pre aaaaa tion and security of his own onipire, to the pro tection of his happy and faithful people, to his amicable relations wills the Piinves of Italy, and to Id. position iu liar general political system of Europe, hastened to take measures for stopping lite further prowess of these sale • der*, lind to make manifest at the seine time, svillont reserve, Use line whirls lie had decided to follow with respect to the revolution of Naples. However paitifut it Was to his Impel jai Majesty to impose an unexpected and considerable charge upon his finances, at a moment wheat lie had hoped to have been enabled to turn Ins whole attention to interior amelioration. And when the con. tinned execution of the plans 1 . 04'40511 by the administra tion promised the most betieficial results, all secondary considerations gave way to use eteeunota of lbw most sisete4) of his duties. 141 the siuleuoli iu whirls affairs We; e, the owewbl) of a 64 corps &armee" iu the Italian rut meta ass a measure of the highest necessity ; it Was ackwiwledged as mirk by eve. y wellahittlessig luau in 000 L:411 . 014e4 614144141/) elites this measure has in traisquili zing Ike nei i doiourillp states; Its .1 vi 1i.c14 it 11:144 141114414 . 41 1 eTell at Naples, in ileituroi,iiii; the friends hid] di.co.irertiag the endues of order, sails umminimuly tilt ib the whole CS. tell of the Ni.i.j.,l) al the same nafinent repelled to Troppau, to .1, Liseeuts to pr. tyll N ith hi. au A tai islijes, upon qu , .tiott of the greatest Unpin lassie, slot only to Italy—not to liar laimairhy alone, but to the common o , These delitierotions slid out, lift i 4l4.lj, hate In) drubs a. 1 0 d ie 04,4•1114 a in which the illhrd cowls regal deal b'' Urh; ll, ;Old ellis‘ id ley of the revolution, ur N aples, and slur doncei It wllil wkith it oiesiaceil iitherstat, s. With respect to the arsoluliuus w gib such a 111.14, called fur, If particular considerations of great importance todisced the Withal .:uverioneii: not to take part in those or the tither coup., and caused the cabinets of France to Ite. • 146 ih• m only under odium rests iiitio% list F.mpl cur bad the cithrorlion lu 111111 perfectly hi iiiikoo 011 she que-tom with Sosereeel. pi 1{ 44 6,j 4 , ‘ . 14 4 4 4 4 . Pf(bki:l, cslld to coo. filer hitosilt 441 the swine linr mil the (littoral. ea of nut 114.1Nre11 Illiat'f• 441 . ii4l4lare "mild no• t ;;.itc n.e ly on) dildrrenee ,:s to Ilse 144.1611,4 414 - 111eir Admire, and os to the ge4044.41 uniformity of prowtples and 'icy". 'liar sovereigns assenthled as Tripolis', though dcelded sang so ocktioWledge the changes aisivii wire aNII a:f coil osirs used al 41141 to an eon lay a e""'"'"" 'gm.' to the ft mot. of these changes, arta tioverthrle‘s 'me...illy animated with lite ;wield ilestie of 061 ' 111 " 1. 4 these objects by prcihu tpl oi.s, rad aitli all the intim g4.ll6-t• 4114 e to a emnstry already distro, tad by "" " 14 " Y cos.volstoio. and retention, a. It N4 , iU I hi' sr" Si hail 11"-Y ill V lie., 111. Nlarr ..tv to lat•ti ii1(311 at 1,11Y11."", 11l tit 44t1 to 11t1111514t5 54111 t the as upon tun soliador., l› , • `"t., Piles 90. and future, of kingdom. This invitation was sup ported by his Majesty the King of France. According to an article of the foreign code, whirls was to become that of the kingdom of the Ten &cities, the Monies+ cannot pass the fiontiers of his States without the consent of Parliament. King. looking epos the invitation of the Sovereigns as a blessing of Providence, submitted to this hnnidieting necessity. The Parhiunewt consented, but it attached to its condition, to the Wrest of whir+ the instigators of this measure could lust he blind, and which destroyed beforehand the prospects and the hopes of moderate men. The Parliament, although completely acquainted with the principles of the Allied Cabinets, imposed swim the King the command to insist upon the maintenance, with out mudifieatiiun, of the constitution at present estab lished at Naples, end to put that co idition forward as the sole object and Only basis of his explanations with the Allied Pewers. It is under such auspices as these, mid having nothing to rely on but the justice and the wisdalb of his august friends, that the King of Naples came to Laybach. Flom the moment of his arrival in that place his Majesty had reason to feel couvinced that it would he vain to attempt to found any proposition upon a bash irrevocably rejected by the Ailied Sovereigns. Toe Sovereigns declared in effect to his Majesty their firiu'deterinination not to allow the continuance of a sys tem which had been formed upon the kingdom of the Two Sicilies by a faction without a name and without authority, and by means the most criminal—a spiels ht. compatiole with the security of the neighbonring states, and with the preservation of the peace of Europe. That if this state of things did nut end, as their Majestics earnestly and si n cerely hoped it might do, by • epontanecina disavowal on the part of those who exercised the power al Naples, it would be accessary to have recourse to arms $ that as SOON as by eithe.r of these means this great obstacle to the peat e of Naples and of Italy should have dimpireared, the sobereigin would look upon their tusk as accomplished. Teat it would he then for the King alone, eulighteued by the counsels of the HMI h wt and able men of his kin,. doin, to provide for the strength and stability of his guvent. mein upon 4 j ust and wise sy strut', in coufurmity with the permanent intere,is of the two lot uple usillei.tender km sceptre; and %shwa goveronseul. from this airy et rcistasiatice„ should hold nut to all the nei,Jihooring states a 'Wicket guarantee of their wifely and tranquillity. After with precise d Tlitrations, the King of Naples could not di...enshle to himself, that, as every other question was irrevocably set moor, he had, us the Father mud pro tector of his people. bet ths tusk to fetal—that of present% the loyal and well-wooing majority of he subjects from the designs and calanuties of a war brought na by the blind obstinacy or the culpable ambition of certain individuals. In this convic:uni it was that his Majesty addressed to Ida son, the presumptive heir sir his throne, a (rank mod Litt weal letter, fur the purpose of representing so him the important.e of the circumstances, and the necessity of employing. for the safety of use kingdom, all the means which might be at his command The expression of these pumfic seutimtals of tee King was accompanied by more expamt imarsetioes, issued by the cabinets of Austria. itomia. nod Prussia, to thrlr Million:11M agents at Naples! and the pleMpetenthries of his Nlajesty the King of Fraiice likewise sent instrectimes 'to the Charge d'Aifairs of their Sovereign. The effect of tile s. important tie-asuies must decide the inipeudiug fate of the kingdom of the Two Sicilies Jo this state of things, the army destined to carry iatix effect the decotoos taken at Lay bach has received orders (0 cruu the No, Sod to maven 10WillrdS the NV/IpOnSSa troutims. Its repo:Rant to the feelings of his imperial Majesty to suppose that this army cite meet with any serMus. resistance. Nooe but the euemi•s of the public welts.., the incurable pnrtisarts of a system leading at since to turn ruin of the Sirili.i is monaschy, can mistake eh els under the circumstances in which that toottaichy is now plated, is tieing tu ever) loyal soldier, and every Man attached (us b oa country. to his sovereign, and to the safety of his fellow citizens. The great mass of ch.?. nation, devoted to its monarch. diageste4 with an imaginary liberty, which has only produced the airwewo tyranny, and tired of a disturbed and precarious eanweisce-- conscious fix some time past, of the just and bend's. intentions by which the emperor is animated. will reeniire wish confidence those who, in the name of hi. Irnsistilkl Nlajosty. and of his august allies, come to offer peace, friendship. and non. It this jus hope should not be realirAl. the army know how to surmount the difficulties which may impala ha progre,s; and if, contrary to all calculations, and contrary to Rae ionuost hope. of the allied monarchs, en enterprise formed with the purest intention and actuated by no hostile spirit should degenerate iota actual war, or if the reastance of an inip'aca.bbe faction should be protracted fur an indefinite tune his Majesty the Etrlperor of all th. Russia., always faithful to his principles, cmviticed of the necessity of struggling against an evil so, atireasa, and guided by that noble and constant fnendship. of which she has lately bestowed so many precious tokens on the Emperor, would lose r.O time in joining his tierces to those of Austria, In the r.0:.1e of the traiwientin. winch have just taaen pleat. tltc Mointrhs 'var.:only had in view the safety of the staves they arc cs,lli4 upon to govern, and the tranquillity of the world. la the secret of their policy; no other though'. no other ime:est, no other question,have found apiece in the delibeiations of th..ir cabinets. The inviolability of ail esitablidunl rights, the independence of All legitimate triverninents, the integrity of all their these are die bases from which then resolutions w !ter se :e mi r de: Yht;e. The Monarchs will have obtained the summit of their wishes, and will be fully rewarded fur all their ifferts, it it khould be pris‘ibie to ep.uro un taese founti.itions traierullity to the interior of st4les, the tights of thrones. and the trur liberty and prosperity of nations—,ble-aings w.thout vliteb externel rem itself eeoA have miiliee value nor duration. They will brew the pennd, when, set free limn all chip i esuset of all tiet Y, they C4ll devote exelusivelv to the hdppines. of their sidu.ets all the moms apt, t•ic power %bah hale bem codorred upon that by /lariat. • I • o • A 1.7 4 , N )vtro