The National Register. — London, England, 1821-01-14 00:00:00

''/f- . . Our thug, Consititutton, anb latvg. ,NUARY 14, 1821. to Brazil for the war in Aftteriea, &c. increased the dig. tress and causer! the salaries of the public servants in every department, as well as the interest of the public debt, to be dreadfully in mrear ; and filially (with shame be It spoken) it was Pt ssible to complete a loan of only four millions of crrlt w s. the Portuguese the heart of their Sovereign. hoped he would prepare r necessary reforms, a bops which his Majesty sometimes esteouraged—hat the hope vanished, and the adnistesi et Rio Janeiro turned aside the King's mind from It, and were displeased when any patriot dared to publish his opinions on this important subject, and showed the neeasaty of restoring the seat of governmeht to Portugal. What could the Portuguese nation do In sneh a situation? Stiffer sad hope ? It did not suffer and hope in rain for ninety years. Sigh, temoestrate, complaint It did sigh ; bnt its sighs were not listoedto. Not listened to ? They were repressed, cruelly ittfled. It rernonstrateJ and complained ; bat its remonstrances and complaints never reached the throne. 'rho King was told that his people were contented and faithful; and the Manifesto protests, In the face of Europe, the unalterable loyalty of the na tion, but observes that content is incompatible with asi tuation like theirs. It is, therefore, absurd and unjust to stigmatize what they have done as rebellions or unfavvfnl. In emiclnsion, the Manifesto remarks that it would be most afflicting to the Portlignese nation, if the powerful Sovereigns with whom it has always been on the terms of friendship should obese their power to' impose laws on it, or to repress the noble earls of a nation, incapable by its geographical position of troubling the peace of other people, which has never bstarfered In the internal concerns of others, and which may , depend on the acknowledged justice of the Princes of &rope, but which, If its hopes in this respect should be disappointed, it will risk every thing in the defence of ita jest rights ; that the maxim, " No nation ever failed to be free which desired to be so," Is their eticonragemeat ; and that if unhappily they should fal in attaining this happinees,the nation will be destroyed sooner titan conquered, anduto pod cilium will survive the rain of public felicity.: They, however, anticipate a more fortunate result. A letter addressed by the IP/ovhirirsi Juakal Oporto to his Majesty the King, now Imo pelotialted, coanshis a fell ex position of the mums that I tbt revolution, of Use spirit which had diurnal It, and, r taken place op to life date reeter. "" r 11 =rol id ils. ' tory furs proof of the invincible loyalty of the Portuguese to their Sovereigns, and thelf &ranee to the House of Bra ganaa, which they continue le maintain undiminished to his present Majesty, of whose sovereign virtues sbey art perfectly convinced. The letter beginning with Otte net of the military council at °parte, defeats all the proceed*. that had suereasfultrl taken place, and, referring to documents (which have been I all before primed), shows hie Mokiesty that remrd for his I person and dignity lies never beta lost sight of--that oo measures have been taken bet melt as seemed absolutely us- cessary—that even the suspension of the Eaglish ollicers, desired and commanded by the public wish -seed the general clamour, wits accomplished in the most delicate manner.— The writers dwell on the unanimity that has prevailed mum% nll ranks of people, the harmony between the two juntas of , Lishoh and Oporto, after their union ; and adds, that nothing is unwed but the presence of his Majesty. or stone /Niece of his family, to satisfy the stmaimons is ibileli of the nation : their only fear is lett his Majesty should give ear to some, ' one, who, under the mask of seal, may infuse suits alarms is his Majesty's heart, and give counsels contrary to the requests which, with the same i tweeted loyalty, they lay before him. The consequence of sack counsels cannot be well fore seen, but they will certainly he fatal. The nation dims not merit his Majesty's displeases& t it desires to he happy, and to recover the precious inheritance of its ancient greatness— that the throne of his Majesty amy be grin without the power of beit,y; unjust, and that they may have the felicity of te newhig all the good which his royal beuilicenee premises them, without boiug able to ascribe to him 4 1 14 (MI. These are the wishes which they Must in the Dame of all the Portugstesc who, prostrate before his Majesty's throne, they n ppeal to thel honour of the atition,dieir public happiness, and the sentiments of religious piety' which animate his Royal heart. s. enmesserowettreorewmarnmeni 42 # - 40X-p- Tj-- O l t 1, FRENCH PAPERS. . 01 1 1 b . Jan. 7.—. The Spanish journals, which have arrived too late to give their contents to.day, state that the government has ordered the authori ties of Nfitilrid to put in force the law fur suppress. ing popular societies. On the 19th of December the National Congress was installed at Lisbon. The ceremony lasted till olio o'clock on the morning of the gOth. General Itiol,To is on his way to his government of Arragon. Advice% from 'Trieste tuention that the Noopolitan Consul in that city has been ordered by the Austrian Goverinuent to remove the arm. of Naples from his hotel, The 4a 4' 06seroer of the 21th of December, cootainA a letter trout Troppau of the 29rd. It appears that the three Allied Sovereigns had opened the tonierencen at Troppau, for the mutual expla nation of their view,' as to the Neapolitan revolu. lion, and that they "agreed that revolution. was not only opposed to the ptimiples of law and morality and the true happiness' of 1341tIOAs. 4.3 incouwatio:u s.. -_ F 7 - 57 - 77 - 7- No. I,IIIII.—VoL. XIV.] PORTUGAL. MANIFESTO OP THE PORTUGUESE NATION TO THE SOVEREIGNS •ND reorcr OP EUROPE. The Portuguese nation, animated with the most sincere bad ardent desire to maintain the political and commercial relation which have hitherto bound it to all the governmeap and people of Europe. and having more particularly at. Mart to condom to merit in the °patios of illustrious Ines of all nations the return and consideratioo which have never been reread to the loyal and bonounthie character of the Portuguese. judges it indispensably necessary to offer to the public a succinct but frank exposition of the ceases which produced the memorable events that have lately taken place iu Pnrtngal, of the true spirit that directed them, `of the sole object to a hich the changes tended that hove been made, or which It is Intended to make, iii the internal form of its Government. It is confident that this exposition, ree tlfyleasltle false idea which may perhaps have been con. plead of those events, will merit the kiud attentions of the Sovereigns and of the people, All-Europe knows the extraordinary circumstances which be 1807 forced his Majesty John VI., at that time Prince Sagest of Portugal. to remove with his Royal Family to tramAllentic dominions. It is granted that this rests !Minn of his Mikity was judged then of the most decided advantage to the general cause of liberty In Europe.— Stibedy, however, failed to perceive the critical situation in milk* Portage' was placed by the absence of its Prince, and Unseen it events proved that this foreboding wall not vein .1 nab. Portugal, separated from her Sovereign by the vast ex panse of the ocean, deprived of all resources from her Summarise possemiiins, and of the benefits of commerce by the blockades of her ports, and governed at home by a hos tile force, which was then thought invincible, seemed to have reached the final term of its political existence, never In be replaced la the rank of independent milieus. In such a desperate crisis this heroic people did not lose its hamar, its courage, or its fidelity to its King. which could nut be torn from itsbreast by the force of circulate/sees, our by the prep o nderant power of Use enemy. They, iu feet, displayed themselves in themes* energetic meaner as lo n e as a Caursurebleoppertanlty o&red. The Portuguese, with the assistance of their allies, roc d at the expense tithe moat painful sacrifices, their political existence; re. stored wills marrow loyalty to their Motiarch the throlse sad the crown ; and impartial Europe must confess (though this justice is not always done) that to them are also in a greet measure owing the triumphs which have since been joined to the advantages of the liberty and independence of thrones and nations. It is more easy to conceive than to express what was the internal situation of Portugal, after cireamstanees so new, effects so extraordinary, and a con vulsion so general. 'rhe ruin of its population, commenced by the emigration of the inhabitants who followed the Prince, or endeavoured to withdraw from the distrustful suspicion or the systematic persecution of the enemy ; which was iucressed by the two fatal invasions of 1809 and 1810. and by the inevitable losses of a long °agitate war of seven years. Commerce and industry, which can never prosper but under the henificant protection of peace, security, unit pub lic tranquillity, were not only suppressed and abendoned, but seemed to have been wholly destroyed by the aniimitted liberty given to foreign vessel , in the ports of 'Brazil; by the disastrous treaty of 18101 by the consequent decline of the national manufactures, by the almost total destructiou of the mercantile, marine, and naval force; by the absolute want of all care to protect and encourage these two must Important branches of pualic prosperity. Agriculture, the basis of the tic hes stud strength of nations, deprived of theism' which the army of death took from it destitute of the capitals which supported it, and w hic h hi " been sometimes employed on sitijects of the more urgent necessity; deprived of the vital strength which it used to receive from the withut! industry, and from the active cir culation of commerce, both domestic and furelo, lay In a fatal lethargy, and presented to the astonished spectator only the melancholy picture of famine and misery. The sensible direliation of the public revenuer caused by the ruin of the population, of commerce, and of industry ; by the irrevocable loss of the great sums which the enemy violently extorted from the hands of the Portuguese; and by theeecessive expellees of the war, obliging the nation to contract new and enormous deists, fur the payment of which Its resources 1% , 1"0 engaged, gave the final blow to politic Credit, which was already shaken by the scandalous waiver cations of the fiscal agents, as Sidi as by the most CllOllllOl/11 system of nitininistrat toil. lint the elutiecter of the Portuguese could not belie itself. They chose uglier to hope every thing from their Prince thee le give to Europe, already sittlieled by the mistertnnes. the sight et a turbulent mid impatient .tion, or to swear to abuse the facility afforded by eir etimstences to show it spirt; of revolt 41111 want of mission. The silent aid peaceful endurance of their evils was the lasts of their procredings•—coutidonce in the acknowledged virtues of the Pratte, the foundation of their holm. After this introduction. the manifesto proceeds to Oh io URI It is linuecessary to paint In detail the mocha's ly picture of the p l op wive decline of Portugal in • 1451 six years, es being uutoritms to ail Einutot. He. fring to .he pi tOl coding, it stairs as aci.hiton4l cAnst , of ruin, the :intim; so twiny thousand tio.,ps in lii .rI ti carry anti Will' o f which, Nutt& bore thd Inn den, 4itti Which exposed it to the attacks of a powei fill nejzl i n t inc i always Its rival, and now oilelided anti ptueuked. The Manifesto thou allows how this dearcss ads still fur. 'r aggravated by continuing the Court a etc,•till al Eistioti, whit. the ir5.11114. wa. Ornisibly diminishing by iise bo'v i suso,. w. !lip , egligeims dud 0,411411 .)14 401 04, V:11 , 1.1 a. 'the ium seat. SUNDAY, _ilk Mitittr• -.. - with tranquillity, and consequently with the pn• servatiOn of peace in Europe. The letter then proceeds:— '• Pimhated with them truths, the Bps ,..t isave with one accord, firmly remind to Ann shahs to over • throw the actual Mate of thises holm Isisior - orW;Ricts and to make the King at the same time Is amitature constitution of his states in such a manner as to correspond Trish the. true inte rest of his people, and the tniaqufility of neighbouring' cowl- . hies." The letter then states that these monarchs, wishing to effect their object, by peaceable means through the mediation of the Kin,' of Naples, addressed the letters to him, requiring his presence at Laybach. The King of France is also said to have written to Ferdinand requesting his compliance and likewise the Popo. The King of Naples returned an answer to the following terms to each of the three Sovereigns:— " Sir, my Brother—lf, under existing circumstances, my heart could open to a feeling cit'joy, it would certainly be when I received a letter from your Majesty from Troppau. lam offer- • ed beyond all expression by the generosity which directs all your , steps for the welfare of die European nations, and in particular for the interest which you take with regard to my person, and the peo, le who are confided to me by Providence, whose peace and - happiness is the sole object of all my efforts. " After this sincere exposition of my santiments, your Ma jesty will readily conceive with what gratitude I accept. the invi- • tatioa which you have given me to repair to Laybach to take a part in the confeeenoes there, which you have no other object than that of consolidating . the basis of the most hot) , of alliances. " I perceive in this invitation a fresh instance of the benignity of Providence, which presents an opportunity of co-operating with my allies in a work which will render their name dear. to **faint posterity, and thus to participate in the glory which smite them. Your Melody will not doubt my eagerness m amt of such air invitation—my departure shall take place as • sgssitily as circumstances will a dmit. s' I shall feel peculiar pleasure in seeing again the Emperor of 4, and in becoming personally acquainted with the Eat . Ramie and Kiagof Prussia. It is to your wisdom and that I shall owe the tranquillity of my states; and jiff gradfying care shall be to inspire into every member of ' the sentiments of gratitude with which my heats is •--." Mph% Des. a. (Wend) 44 FERDINAND.. Vsuiw*, December 27.—0 n the Ist of Jamilry Prince Metternich will depart fur Laybach, with the principal persons. of the Cb.tuumilerie; the rof Austria• on the 2d ; the Emperor of • R E l P sid e a r° on the 3d; and the Ambassadors, Ministers, stud Envoys on the 4th. It is said that Deputies / from all the Italian States will be at Laybach. MADRID ) Dec. 28.—Last night the Marquis do Cerulbo repaired to a society which had assembled at the Cross of Malta to break it up, conformably to the law of the Bth of November last. The members made open resistance, and the authority of the laws waa completely defied, and the greatest tumult ensned. To d.ty (28th) very severe measures have been taken to prevent the renewal of similar scenes.— The tribunes were seized at the coffee-houses; but the people besieged the authorities whilst e‘eeuting this measure. The National Guard is under arms, and we arc fearful that some serious proceedings will ensue. It appears by the Spanish Papers, that the Go. %fern:mut experiences some uneasiness from the in. temperance manifested by some of 40 flubs. At Madrid, it has been found elidisesle 110 make these' • meeting contOrm themselves the pmeisioni eater. blished . by the Constitution, respecting periodical meetings for the discussion of political subjocts.— This is one of the principal dangers to which newly acquired powers expose men, who have been long kept under an impolitic degree of restraint indeed, it is not a single danger, tie their own passions urge them on the one side, and their enemies never neg. lect to endeavour to excite them to illegal acts, that such acts may furnish arguments for the old order of things. Even to countries mor e on., lightened than Spain, the enemies of freedom know how to employ emissaries for the purpose of urging men to crimes, that may furnish pretexts, fur the exercise of powers unknown to the laws. CV% we. wonder, then, at such promodings in countries .. which have yet to learn the proper discipline of a well-rei;ulsted constitutional order of things ? &Thu defeated party at the late Meeting of the county of Dirby have sent forth a letter, in which, with the view of chewing that they had no intention, by their projected Loyal Addresses, of approving the conduct of Ministers, they " solemnly declare, that if they had beard that his Majesty had called ether )liiiistsrs to his Councils, they should have been equally noxious to make this public oopression of _ Paws 90 . . - -a-st 4 4 P"~ ~ ~. . ,I•mir ,•• ~r~riTi its iv credil catioi itself Prim late audio owns misse evils acko their Af iservl 011( 1 1) the Grri! ruin, 011111 whin &Iwo Tli then its if sewil 1 i rr • • ~t,~_