Star. — London, England, 1822-01-29 00:00:00

- .• •, ~{ T, . 4 %. I IE MX PERU. • • - The latesqmountufrons the Pacific give an alarming statement - 4111kelMniageloeri th at are apprehended by those who have -‘ in ffi t apeculations to Peru. It appears,jhat no, sooner was an opening supposed to be secured on the shoal of the Pacific, than upwards of forty vessels, each having on board s worth from £50,000 to £60,000 sterling, were instantly fitted out, and that in a few months property was shipped thither to the amount of four or five millions sterling. how the owners of this property could expect to find immediate purchasers for goods to this amount, in such a country as Peru, partly block aded, involved in w arfare, with its agriculture and trade sue pended, and the communications of the interior with the capital eat off almost elceeds credibility ; as it is hot only far beyond the demands which the limited population of Peru calls for, but • would require all the gold and silver coined at Lima during a `period of at least four years to pay for such a stock of goods. The total population of Peru, according to the last census, was 1,076,997 persons, distributed in 977 towns, of which four teen are cities ; and a great proportion of them are Indians and coloured people, who hbve never worn pitything European.. The total produce of the agriculture, manufactures, and sale of cattle, • does not annually exceed 7,554,495 dollars, of which 2,400,000 alone are exported. The fast is, that the smallness of the popu lation of Peru being out of all proportion with the extent of ter ritory, it follows, that as the country nearly suffices for the con. sumption of its own territorial productions, it bas little else than silver to exchange; and the real wants of the people being few, their Import trade muss principally consist of luxuries. Their even manufactures neat , ' suffice for the supplies of clothing for the common people of the interior, and only a few coarse goods enter into the list of their demands, which thus become confined to iron, articles of dress, &c. The importations into Spanish America were formerly com posed of selections of goods collected from different countries in commercial relation with Spain. England furnished them with mixed serges, long ell.broad prints and chintz, long yard ditto, gingham, East India ditto, silk hose, baize, dyed and white, cotton base, cloth,, hats, tin in sheets, hardware, wrought pewter, black bornbazeens white ditto, fustian., Scotch and Irish linens, manufactured lead, musk, amber, civet, &c. ' France supplied them with velvets, brocades, satins, Rhoen linens, ditto biattearha, floretes, and cofrrs, cambric', keetting, dowlas, crias, tickluiburgs, oznaburgs, combs, jewels, haber. da-hery, gold and silver lace, thread lace, &c. ltamburgh sent them Silesia linens, platillas, estopillas, checks, bed ticking, napkins, table linen, toys, manufactured brass, bees vax, &c. Ilolland shipped them with pepper, cloves, cinnamon, nut megs, serges, Leyden silks, brown holland*, striped linens, threads, sail-cloth, cables and rigging, pitch and tar, dimities, velvets and plusher, &c. Italy served them with ribbons, flowered silks, Naples silks, shags, velvets, stocking s , paper, &c. Spain herself prepard almonds, allum, brimstone, soap, anni seed, coarse silks, saffron, wines, oil, figs, wax, and hardware, front Biscay, quicksilver, &c. The trade of Peru may be considered in three lights, viz. that carried on with the mother country, with the different ports of the South Seas, and with the ports of its own jurisdiction ar.d the interior. The value of the-e respective branches will be more pLinly and fully evinced in their amount, by the fol lowing staenictit, which includes five years, commencing from 178; to 1769: Trade with Total. interior. 1,445,8.53 078,895,916 7 1,859,820 6 . 66,662,957 3 Trade with Trade with Spain its in the . l iv) S. SCIS. Imports ...42,699,51.5 68,350,;49 6 EXpUrLii ..:35,979,3,9 6{7,81:5,776 ii Balance agst Lana 6,119,973 526,973 The exports And iuyorts euotrasted with those of from 1790 to 1794: Imports. I Exports. From 1715 to 1789 ... 1 42,099,313 6 35,979,339 From 1;J0 to 1794 — 1 1 29,091,1190 5:31,869,500 Difference ..1 !15,008,023 11 1 - 1 5,584,032 0 1 12,230,979 0 4,089,859 Balance. 6,119,973 7 2,798,210 1 3,621,763 6 The importations from Europe to Peru, or the wants of the country in time of peace, are estimated at ten millions of dollars per annum, and chiefly consist of dry gods, quicksilver, iron in bar, nails, Silesian and German linens, crusade bulls, paper, wax, looking glasses, cut glass, silks, hats, fine cloths, laces, tapes, thread, tin in boxes, pitch, tar, &c. In exchange for these articles, Peru returns silver coined and in wedges, gold ditto, c•ipper, woods for ship building, chiefly brought from Guayaquil, Pal Saute, or holy wood, trom the Andes, bark, tin in blocks, cocoa from Guayaquil, cocoa greadr, s..gar, Vicunia wool, medicinal herbs, gums, balsams and resins, skins of different kinds, cheeps wool, alpaca wool, indigo, hides, cotton, &c. As the territorial prod:v.ll9ns of Peru are greatly confined, at:d two principal export articles are obtained - trom other parts, immediately within herown jurisdiction, viz.—copper from Chili, and cocoa from Guayaquil, it will no; be improper to de monstrate in what manner aht: is able to lug fur the articles brought to fur. Amount of coined money, silver in bars, jewels, &c. say - - - - - - 5,000,000 Amount of her own territorial productions, and arti cle. Jhuit •ti by exchange - - - 4,000,006 Gained by her trade with the neighbouring parts of the Continent - - Gained by her muleteers, and other means of carriage Irons neighbouring parts of the tame Continent, and coa.ti - is trade greatly in her favour 800,000 600,000 Dollars 10,400,000 Many causes oombine to render the trade of Peru thus li mited, and the aggregate amount of her territorial productions small. A principal part of the funds of her capitalists are em ployed in mining, an occupation which has always met Wilk a decided preference to trade or agriculture, which branches prin cipally centre in the hands of the Spaniards resident in the coun try. The want of negroes to work the lands, and the solitary and apathised mode of life of the Indiana in general, also render this drawback the more sensible, and greatly diminish that sur plus of territorial productions which Peru might otherwise threw into the scale of her active traffic. The commerce of the city of Lima has been considerably re scinded of late years by Al'ica being declared a privileged port, from whence the opulent provinces of Cusco and Arequipa draw their European supplies, as well as those confining CM Buenos Ayres. This regulation, though serviceable to the State, has de prived the capital of a great circulation of active trade, which Is now less monopolized. East India goo . db, till lately, were brought to Peru by ships employed by the Philippine Company from Manilla, and sold for their account through the hands of factors. They can there fore be supplied with these mucks cheaper than could be sent them from any other country, by availing themselves of a direct trade. Besides the trade above described, Peru annually sends tol B•imiss Ayres, by the way of Arequipa, 1,300,475 dollars in brandies, wine, oil, cotton, axi, or Indian pepper, grain, sugar, Indigo, Quito cloths, prepared chocolate, &c. and receives Irons Buenos Ayres 389,2E0 dollars in cattle and dried meat, tallow, wool, cocoa, and tin in blocks, &c. leaving a balance in her fa vour of 911,215 dollars, bi.sidea the profit arising out of the con veyance of the goods. Peru also sends to Buenos Ayres, by the way of Cusco, 734,505 dollars, in articles similar to those abovementioned, and in return receives 475,530 dollars, leaving a balance in her fa vour of 258,975 dollars. Peru also carries on a trade with Chili in sugar, country cloths, indigo, rice, &c. to the amount of 456,817 dollars, and receives back wheat, tallow, copper, Paraguay tea, &c. to the amount of 665,800 dollars; thus leaving a balance in favour of Chili of 207,482 dollars. Peru also sends to the Islands of Chiloe 50,000 dollars in bran- dies, and receives back in lumber, ponchos, &c. 51,200 dollars. She also sends to Guatemala wines, brandies, &c. to the amount of 28,358 dollars; and receives back ISAAC* dollars, in pitch, &c. TI e American Papers very recently gave an ac count of the shock of an earthquake at Salem, in Massachusetts. It has been since ascertained that 'quake was not a natural one, but was occa ,y the blowing up of a powder-snill, belong- Messrs. Tileston, Whipple, and Hall, and si- Aiwa 28 miles N.E. of Boston, One man lost ly the explosion. Massacht I the earth, sioned by ing to tuated at Isis life b: • AMERICA. NNW TORN, DRCEMBRI.III. AIIAIA AT WASHINGTOS.—The iVatiowil Intel geneer acknowledges that there has been a current report, for some days past, of an unpleasant convey sation having takea .. place between the French and British Ministert, some time in the last week, after leaving the table of the President; but it is but just to add, that latm'reports ttate, that whatever unpleasant feelings may have existed between the parties have been entirely removed by subsequent explanation. Of the circumstance alluded to, the following ex planation appears in Relf's Phi ladelphia Gazette of Saturday: " The etiquette of the Court Table at Washington is esta blished by usage, and enjoins that the oldest resident Foreign Minister should have precedence as to plate and attention. The French Minister had been here, representing his nation, prior to Mr. Canning's appointment and esidence near the Court of Wash ington ; butjn the meantime the former had occasion to return home, leaving merely a Charge des *Affaires to represent him. Mr. Neuville returning to his situation, it would seem, claimed the usual precedence, and accordingly took the appropri ate seat at the President's table. It is improperly stated in a Baltimore Pa per that the dispute originated at the table. This would indeed be a species of the highest indecorum : but the fact is, that when the party was breaking up, and in the lobby of the President's house, Mr. Canning, in a jocular manner, told the French Mi nister that he had • out-generalled' him, but that he should not do it again. Mr. Neuville conceiving it an unfair imputation, became very violent, and some harsh expressions were exchanged , and the French Minister at length touched the handle of his sword, upon which indication of personal hostility,' Mr. Poll tica, the Russian Minister, interfered, and the altercation was closed, fur the time." PRIVATEERS IN SOUTH AMERICA. In consequence of the system of privateering, or rather piracy, which has so long been carried on under the flags of Buenos Ayres and others of the South American States, Mr. Forbes, the Agent of the United States at Buenos Ayres, addressed a letter to the Honourable Mr. Revadiva, the Minister of Fo reign Affairs, on the subject. This letter, which is dated September 14,1821, complains of " the indis criminate violences which are daily committed on the ocean against the peaceful commerce of unoffending nations, under the various flags of the South Ame rican Provinces ;" that these piratical cruizers " are furnished by various commissions, and navigated with crews of men without country, without morality, and without other ties than those of crime and plunder. —By the privateering regulations of Buenos Ayres, a pi ivateer owned here, or commissioned by this Go vernment, who shall be furnished with a commission from any other Prince or Republic, even if allied with this, " shall beerdjadged a good prize, and hcr Captain or Commander punished as pirates."—Mr. Forbes con cludes with asking an interview, when he will state more fully the feelings of his Government on the sub ject. In consequence of the remonstrances of Mr. Forbes, the War and Navy Department at Buenos Ayres issued the following Decree respecting privateering: DECREE. " DITA RTibmve or Waa.—One of the resources which the unfortunate tights of war have made legal, and its object neces sary, is privateering. " The war of the independence of the Provinces of Holland and that of the United States of North America have proved this kind of hostility to be the most advantageous for a country that prepares to defend its independence against a more ancient and remote country that has governed it. " It is impossible to foresee or repress any abuse that may be occasioned by privateering. The Government that finds itself under the painful necessity of authorising, and even promoting, this system of warfare, has hut two means whereby it can lessen its illegal consequences, and consequently is only bound by two obligations respecting it. The first is to dictate such regulations, and take such precautions, as may correct those abuses, not suf-' fering them to be committed with impunity. In this respect the Government has fulfilled its duty. The privateering regulations prove it. The second is to put an end to this kind of warfare as soon as it becomes no longer necessary, or when the result does not compensate (or the risks and difficulties it may produce. The Government consiaers these two events to have arrived, and con sequently has agreed upon, and decrees, the following articles; " Ist. In future no *nee of marque and reprisal shall be granted without previously and solemnly publishing the cause ° that obliges the Government to have recourse to the measure. " 2d. Every person within the territory of this province who may be in possession of any letter of marque, must present it to the Slinister of the Navy within fifteen days from the date of this Decree. _ _ " 3d. Those persons in countries situated beyond the equinoc tial line, or on the east of the Pacific, must present said letter of marque at the Navy Office within eight months. " 4th. The securities given shall become responsible for the fulfilment of the two foregoing articles. " sth. Every Commander of a privateer, cruising in virtue of a letter of marque, granted by any of the Governments that have existed in this capital, at sight of this Decree, shall cease to cruise, and shall put into port to disarm, and return the license. " 6th. Any one who shall transgress the foregoing article will incur the guilt of piracy. " 7th. Every privateer that shall continue to cruise after the expiration of eight months from the date of this Decree, autho rised by licenses from the Government of this country, will be treated as a pirate. " Bth. The Minister of War and Navy is charged with the execution of this Decree. (Signed) " MARTIN RODRIGUEZ. " Buenos Ayres, October 6, 1821." last week, the HIND sloop of war, Sir CHARLES BUNRARD, Bart. returned from New York. She ar rived these on the '2sth of December, and sailed on the 2d of January. The sum recovered from Tweedie was £lB,OOO, and this was effected by intimidation. Within an hour and a half after the arrival of the HIND, by the vigilance of the British Consul, and the offer of 500 dollars to the Magistrates, Tweedie was traced to his lodgings, and the option offered him of either being sent on board the HIND or giving up the money ; he acted upon the latter, the amount being in bills. On the following day to that on which the money was restored, the American Judges said, that if they had been consulted, they would have contended against the right of exacting the money from, him in that country ; the Government would not permit his person to be given up. The HIND is come into Portsmouth harbour. DISSIPATIONEXTRAORDINA !—.A sprightly mon key, belonging to a Gentleman at Washington, was accidentally left alone in a room where a pitcher of choice whiskey punch was brewing by the fire. Mas ter Jack, after tasting the beverage, found it so deli cious, that he was tempted to repeat his draught, until he became half-seas over. lie then, by way of a joke, caught a parrot, which was also a member of ' the family, and slily taking poor Poll to a retired closet, divested her of her plumage, and then let her go. The next morning, Jack suffered severely for his debauch—he would swallow nothing but cold water, of which he drank large quantities, and, with most dejected physiognomy, sat for hours applying both hands to his throbbing temples !—Antericeso Payer. THE EVENING STAR. LONDON. • TUESDAY, JANUARY 29, 1821. Hu Ithaurry's Accussut.-.-Holiday at tLe Hook. The French Papers of Saturday and Sunday last have been received; the latter by express, They are filled with the proceedings in the Chamber of Depu ties on Friday and Saturday, when M. de Staaa's project on the Press was still under discussion. The speeches on Friday were more violent than on the preceding day. The debate was commenced by M. CuterLar, the Reporter, who entered into an exami nation of the objections that had been made to the project; and concluded by supporting the project as amended in the Committee. He was followed by M. B. CONSTANT, who, in a very able speech, opposed the new law, particularly the first article, which in flicted penalties for attacks on religion. 66 So eager," he said, " was the desire to transform a present from HEAVEN into an instrument of tyranny, that the right divine of the Turks was proclaimed against assassinated Christians." Ile then noticed the resto ration of the Jesuits, and said, " Will it be allowable to write against those Corporations which are reviv ing, in contempt of the Charter, and to the great danger of the Monarchy—Corporations which must make the manes of Henry 111. and Henry IV. look down with indignation on the proceedings of the Chamber, and which it is astonishing the Ministers of a King should re-establish in the midst of a king dom which their regicide poniards have stained with blood ?—(Murmurs on the right).— These regicide Corporations have already been justly banished from France"—(lncreased murmurs on the right). A voice on the right.—" The regicides were the Jacobins." M. B. CONSTANT.—" Yes, indeed, they were Ja cobins !—for instance, Jacqucs Clement • * • •" ( Violent agitation). M. de MAncELLus argued, that the restraint of the Press was beneficial to literature. The ages in which the Press had been placed under the severest restric tions were those in which learning had most flourished. Since the Press had been let loose by the Revolution, literature was ruined. He regretted that the Project did not go further : it only provided against future attacks on Religion, but he wished it had adverted to those which are passed—to attacks which are con stantly renewed by reprinting. He hoped this neglect would be repaired. A long and warm discussion ensued, in which Ge neral FOY opposed the Project, and complained of the usurping power of the Catholic Religion, which had occasioned great disorders in the provinces. M. DELALOT defended the Law Project and the Jesuits. M. de KERATRY attacked the Jesuits and the old Government, and said, the law proposed was absurd on the face of it, unless it was really meant to forbid Catholic Priests from launching their anathemas against all other religions, and denouncing damna tion to all out of the Catholic Religion. Was this intended ? According to this law, the Tartadie could not have been published. The acting it must soon be prohibited. After MM. de COURVOISIER, de LABOURDONNATE, and Count de SERRES, had spoken in favour of the Law, and MM. de ST. AULAIRE, de SEBASTIAN!, and MANUEL, had opposed it, the Chamber ad journed at six o'clock. Saturday the Chamber again met, when the debate was resumed.—The PRESIDENT stated, that the Com mittee thought fit to withdraw the Amendment on the second Article, which increased the fine from 6000 to 8000 francs. Two Amendments had been proposed by Deputies ; one, by General SEBASTIAN!, for inserting the word " Constitutional" after " Royal Authority ;" the other, by General For, affected the form of the Article, and would render it necessary that it should be drawn up anew. It resolved into these terms :—" All forntal attacks by one of the said means against the inviolability of the King's person, the order of succession to the Throne, the Constitu tional authority of the King, and the Chambers, shall be punished, &c." General Foy spoke at considerable length in sup port of his amendment. He insisted on the neces sity of suppressing the phrase " Royal dignity" as vague. He also proposed to omit the words " attacks on the rights of the King," as those words were liable to arbitrary interpretation. The words " inviolabi lity of the King's person," which he wished to remain, were the most proper for the support of a constitu tional throne. He insisted upon substituting for the words " authority of the King," " constitutional au thority of the King:' In taking away the word " constitutional," the hand appeared which wished to revoke the Charter in spite of the King. Neither the Chambers nor the King have any other authority than that which is constitutional. (This speech was frequently interrupted by murmurs and marks of im patience on the right side). The Minister of Finance supported the Article.— With regard to the omission of the word " consti tutional," he frankly declared that in the Fourth Bu reau he had been of opinion that it ought to be re inserted; but when in the Council of Ministers, he afterwards, learned that writings which attacked the authority of the King had escaped condemnation, because a the constitutional authority" of the Xi' was not attacked. M. de CrAtivatta apologized Cur reading, Coe . trary to his usual practice, a speech. He did this, because he wished to incur the whole responsibility of what he said, without being exposed to th e r i, it of misrepresentation. He insisted, i n a long arra ment, on the necessity of restoring the tVo r d COn. stitutiontl,‘ and observed that the King had bee n ilf4advited when he dated his Ordinances g. t h e 2fith year of his reign"—(This observation excit e d a yin. lent agitation).—The word " reign" had qu i te an. other acceptation than that of a right found e d on hen. ditary nieces:ion. M. de Sella! replied to General For and NI. CHAUVIMIL—The restoration of the word " consti; totional," he contended, was altogether unnp ce ,„ rT. No unconstitutional authority could be recognizid in France, because no such authority existed. General SEBASTIAN' argued for adding 6.! a•.rd " con stit ut ion al," according to his own amendrner.t. M. DELALOT spoke in support of the article. M. Mmiutr. spoke against the article, and argue,' that the proposed Law was destructive of the Chatter. M. de PETRONNET opposed all the amendment , . M. Dm?Aux then supported an Amendmert which he had proposed; and which resembled General 4- BASTIANI9S. The debate was then closed, and the PRESIDEXT put the question on the different Amendments trl.icit had been moved, paragraph by paragrAph. TN T were all rejected : the Members of the extierne !tft only voting for them. The PRESIDENT then notified that he was 7-;rz to put the question on the 2d article. Almost a7l Members of the left immediately withdrew i; •J e passages and the conference-chamber. The was unanimously adopted by the rernai&n:z hers, in number about 250 or 260. The rlet then loudly demanded that the 3d article s!,oull be put to the vote: All the amendments were then rejecte.l: the ;::rd article was carried, and at seven o'clock the Cll.in,l:rr adjourned to Monday. One of the French Papers states, that of tl:e two young persons arrested for the conspirac y at SA:: mur, five had been discharged. French Funds.—Jan. 25, Five per Cents. Jan. 26, 861..50c. Extract of a private letter from Park, dated Si;:. day last :.•• 44 For these some days past there haTe been various rumours, in the best informed circle‘ of movements in several parts of the west and <crat of France. Brest was said, in the beginning, r: t::e week, to have been the scene of a great conspiracy; Rochelle was described as participating :—.l7:d telegraphic dispatch is said, on Friday, to have .Ir.- flounced that a movement had taken place at lon, in which the garrison and the fleet had joirtd•':.e people. I have not been able to ascertain the tr4'l the falsehood of these statements ; I merely mert'ou them as reports very generally spread in wel•inromel circles, and as generally believed. Sir Ro! ert i rcn and Mr. Lambtan leave Paris on Tuesday, fol Lon.l , n. —The discussion on M. Loveday's Petition has taken place in the Chamber of Peers. A Liberal (the Duke de Broglie) proposed the order of the day." Extract of a letter from New Providence, dated December 26th :—" I have to inform you that not less than twenty vessels, some of them very 1.1:7e, were on the coast of Guinea between the months rt July and October, loading their holds with slave , ; in five of these vessels not less than 3,600 of unhappy victims were conveyed from their Ittl'vo soil, to be sold in foreign lands; and among t: poor sufferers hundreds have been torn from ti:cir husbands, and how many children for ever separate/ from their parents, by the hand of unfeeling avarice:' PORT OF NEW BEDFORD, DEC. 26.--By the arrival lof the brig Elizabeth, from Benavista, we have the disagreeable intelligence of a mutiny of the crew of the brig Cornelia, of this pot t,which sailed ou a sealing voyage to the New Shetland Islands. It appears that, two days after the vessel left the port, the crew took possession of the quarter-deck, and altered her course ; they were not driven from their quarters for two hours, and not till force had been used by the Captain ani Officers, and many of the crew knocked down. Or the 22d October the Cornelia arrived at Benavi,ta, and the five ringleaders were given up to the .tme rican Consul. The Irish Papers received this morning give an alarming picture of the state of society in that coun try. In Dublin we see parties run so high OLE it is even dreaded to hold a public dinner on an occa,:oo when it might be supposed all parties would be united —the celebration of the Accession of his MAJESTY to the Throne. In Tipperary, and some other Coun ties, the Yeomanry are accused of goading the reqie to excesses, and of exercising a severity uncalled tor by existing circumstances; while, in the County of Cork, the Whiteboys assemble in such numbers as almost to give defiance to the military. In another part of this day's Paper will be found an account of a serious affray near Macroom, where a large bay of the insurgents attacked the mail-coach while on its way from Cork, which they entirely destroyed, wounding the guard and coachman severely. — A detachment of military was immediately sent, to whom they gave battle, and were dispersed with the loss, it is said, of seven men killed, and twenty-ons taken prisoners. This defeat, however, did not dis hearten them, and they re-assembled in a few hours after in still greater numbers. It is probable that the next arrivals will bring accounts of another reucontrc with the military. ino • on. l i i i t s ; • i‘k ru•• on. e rn fith ere. • de • sti; ; ' rT• zed net rtes. • hick I.ich rht r !!trt I.!ie •f e I be Sm. rcle‘ , outh r t;:e 11:7; tr.d 4 r t