Star. — London, England, 1810-03-08 00:00:00

MARINE ASSURANCE COMPANY. This day was published, price 3s. Sl LETTER to JASPER VAUX, Esq. Cnair. man at the Meeting at Lloyd's, on Monday the 29th of January last, in which the Nature and Principles, and the past and present extent of MARINE ASSURANCE, are examined; the Necessity of a New Company to effect Marite Assurance pointed out; and the opposition displayed to its establishment, especially by the Underwriters at Lloyd's Coffee-House, is con sider. d and refuted.—By a SUBSCRIBER to LLOYD'S. Printed for . J. M. Richardson, No. 23. Coruhill, opposite the Royal Exchange. FRENCH PAPERS. MINISTRY POR FOREIGN AFFAIRS. NOTE PROM THE MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO' THE upon their execution in Holland , country. Holland, on the contrary to their execution. The Dutch carry on a commercial intercourse All the representations of France were entirely useless. His Impen obliged to have recourse to measures, igour, proved how much he was displeased. Twice were the French custom-houses shut to the commerce of Holland : they are so at this moment, so that the Dutch have no legal communication with the nations on the Continent —and the Emperor determined not to open these barriers while circumstances remained unchanged. In effect, it would have been to open' them to the English commerce. The Dutch nation, far from imitating the patriotism of the Americans, have been guided in all their transactions solely by miserable mercantile considerations. " On the other hand, the Emperor observes that Holland is destitute of the means for carrying on war, and almost without resources for her own defence.—. She is without marine : the sixteen vessels which she ought to have furnished have been dismantled : she'; is without energy. During the last Expedition of the English, the important position of Veere, which was neither provisioned nor armed, made no resist ance ; and the important post of Bathz, upon which might have depended the success of so many events, was abandoned s;x hours after the appearance of the advanced guard of the enemy. Without army, with out revenues, it might almost be said without friends, and without allies, the Dutch are a society animated only by a regard to their commercial interests, and forming a rich, useful, and respectable company, but BARON DE ROELL, MINISTER OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS FOR HOLLAND. " The undersigned Minister of Foreign Relations for France s is charged with making known to his Excellency, Baron de Roell, the Dutch Minister of Foreign Affairs, the resolutions which his Imperial Majesty has been forced to come to in consequence of the actual .situation of Europe. If these determina tions are contrary to the views -of the people of Hol land, the -Emperor is certainly sorry for it, and has adopted this course with great regret. But the unre lenting destiny which presides over the affairs of this world, an,d which chooses that men should be go verned by events, obliges his Majesty to follow up with firrttr tess those measures, of which the necessity has been d emonstrated to him, without suffering him self-lobe -turned aside by secondary considerations. • , "`• His I mper;:tl Majesty, in placing one of his bro: flu . rs on the Throne of Holland, did not foresee that El Islam" would dare to proclaim openly the princi pl e of perpetual war ; and that to support it she would a. 3opt,. as the basis of her legislation, the monstrous principles: which have dictated her O rders of Council of November . 1807. Until then her maritime right was undoubtedly combated by France, and repelled by neutron ; but it did' not exclude all navigation,- and left a sort of independence to maritime nations. There was but little inconvenience to the common cause in the commerce kept up by Holland - with England—either through the agency of neutrals, or by-borrowing their flag. Marseilles, Bourdeaux, and Antwerp, enjoyed the same advantage. England had stalls, manage the Americans, the Russians, the Prussians, the Swedes, and the Danes, and these na tions formed a sort of league between the powers whom the seas separated. " The fourth Coalition • destroyed this state of things; Eagland succeeded in uniting against France Russia, Prussia, and Sweden ; she was no longer oblig ed to resort to so much management; it was then that she abused both words and things ; she set up the pre tension of making disappear all the rights of neutrals before a simple decree of blockade. The Emperor was forced to use reprisals, and at his entrance into Berlin, he answered it by the blockade of the British Isles. Neutrals, and above all, Americans, de zrurtde4 an explanation of this measure. He answer ed them,that although the absurd system of blockade was w- state altogether of intolerable usurpation, the Emperor bounded himself to the stopping on the Con tinent the commerce of the English ; that the neutral flag 'should be respected at sea ; tat his vesssls of war and privateers should not disturb the navigation of neutrals, the decree being only tb be executed upon not a nation. 66 His Majesty desires peace with England. He took steps at Tilsit with a view to this object—but they were without effect. Those which he concert ed. at Erfurth with his ally the Emperor of Russia have had no better success. The war will therefore be long, since all the steps taken to arrive at peace have been useless. The proposition even of sending Commissioners to Morlaix to treat for the exchange of prisoners, although called for by England, remains i without effect, because it was feared it might lead to a reconciliation. " England, in arrogating by her Orders of Novem ber 1807 an universal sovereignty, and in adopting die principles of perpetual war, has broken every thing, rendered legitimate every means of repelling her pretensions. If therefore the change which has lately taken place in the English Ministry produces none in the principles of England, which it will be easy to discover from their speeches in the new Par liament ; and if she continues to proclaim the princi ple of perpetual war and of universal sovereignty, in maintaining her Orders of Council ; in that case, the undersigned is charged to declare to the Dutch Mini stry and nation, that the present situation of Holland is incompatible with the circumstances or the situa tion in which the new principles adopted by England have placed the affairs of the Empire and the Conti nent. In consequence, his Imperial Majesty proposes, " 1. To recall home the Prince of his blood whom he had placed on the Throne of Holland. The first duty of a French Prince placed in the line of heredi tary succession to the Imperial Throne is towards that Throne. When in opposition to that, all others must give way ; the first duty : of every Frenchman, in whatever situation Destiny may place him. is to. wards his country. " 2. To occupy all the months of the rivers in Holland, and all its ports, by French troops, as they were from the conquest made by France in 1794, to the moment when his Imperial Majesty hoped to con ciliate every one by establishing the Throne of Hol , land. " 3. To employ every means, and without being stopped by any consideration, to make Holland enter into the continental system, and to wrest definitely its ports and coasts from the Administration which has rendered the ports of Holland the principal entrepots, and the great part of the Dutch merchants the bro kers and the commercial agents of England. (Signed) " Duo DE CADORE. — " Pax is, January 24. 1 NOTE FROM THE MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO SIR. ARMSTRONG, MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY FROM THE UNITED STATES. " Paris, February 21, 1810. " The undersigned having rendered an account to the Emperor and King of the conversation which he had with Mr. Armstrong, Minister Plenipotentiary from the United States of America, his Majesty has authorised him to return the folowing answer : " His Majesty considers his Decrees at Berlin and I Milan as conformable to the principles of eternal jus tice, if they were not the compelled consequence of the Orders of the British Council, and above all of that of November, 1807. When England proclaimed an universal sovereignty by the pretension of making the universe submit to a right of navigation, and of bring ing the industry of every nation under the jurisdiction of her Parliament, his Majesty considered it the duty of all independent nations to defend their sovereignty, and declared denationalized the vessels which, rang ing themselves under the dominion of England, recog nized the sovereignty which she arrogated over them. " His Majesty distinguishes the visit and the recog nition of the vessel. 'I he recognition has no other object but to ascertain the reality of the flag. The visit is an inferior inqueit made notwithstanding tl.e reality of the flag is ascertained, and of which the re suit is either the pressing of individuals. the confisca tion of inerckandize, or the application of arbitrary laws or dispositions. " His Majesty could not but attend to the pro ceedings of the United States, who without making any complaint of France, comprised her in their acts of exclusion ; and in the month of May prohibited the entry into their ports of French vessels, under the k penalty of confiscation. Immediately that his Ma jesty was informed of this measure, he ordered a reci. Lprocity to be used towards American vessels, not (ally an his own territories, but also in the countridll inger his influence. In the ports of Holland, Spain, Italy, and Naples, American vessels were seized, because the Americans had seized French. vessels. The Arne ticans cannot hesitate as to the part which they ought to take. They ought either to break the Act of their Independence, and become again, as before the Re. volution, subjects of England, or take such measures that their commerce and industry may not be tariffed by the English, which would render them more de pendent than Jamaica, which at least has an Asuem ,bly of Representatives and its privileges. land. But this measure itself, which compelled the shutting of the ports of Holland against the English commerce, injured the mercantile interests of the peo ple of Holland, and was' contrary to their ancient habits. This was the first source of the opposition which began to prevail between France and Holland. From that time his Imperial Majesty could not but observe: that tile Xing of Holland was divided be tween his most imprescriptible duties—his duties to the Imperial Throne, and the mercantile notions of the Dutch nation. Nevertheless his Imperial Majesty armed himself with patience, and shut his eyes, in expectation from the turn of events of some incident which should deliver his brother from the very unplea sant alternative to which he found himself reduced. a:During these transaOtion . s the peace of Tilsit was concluded. - The Emperor of Russia, provoked by the outrages which the Englishhad committed against her flag, while she was fighting the battles of Eng land, and indignant at the horrible attack on Copen hagen, made common cause With Prance. France then entertained the hope that England would have been sensible of the inthillty of protrac tinethe War; and that she would have been willing to listen to reasonable terms of peace. But this hope vanished very soon. At the same time that they va nished, the English, as if the expedition to Copen hagen had deprived them of all sense of shame, and set Oaern free fi-etn all restraint :disclosed their pro jecta, and published their Order; in Coma in No., veraber, 1807. A.. arbitrary :and tyrannical act, which finect all -Europe with indignation By this act England took upon her to make regulations ob ligiiigfOreign vessels to come to her harbours before they proteeded tatheir ultimate destinations, and pay her tribute. Thus she rendered herself mistress of the navigaticin of the whtie world .; recognised no mai!: time nation as independent, rendered all nations her tributaries„.subjected them to her laws, allowed them no libeity of trade, unless with a direct profit to her self, fixed the foundation of her . rrienues upon the inchistry of ether nations, aid the produce of• their . tetritories, and declared :herself Sovereign of - the c. c een, of' which she disposed as any Government Mild do of the rivers in the interior of it:dominions. a Adverting to this plan of legislation, which was ni thing else than the public assertion of universal S. -iercianty, a measure extending the jurisdiction of tl'e English Parliament over the whole of the globe, the Emperor found himself under the necessity of i. k;tilig art extreme part, and of employing every means of opposition in his power, rather than suffer the world to bend under the yoke which the English endeavoured to impose on it. He published the MilAn . l.)ecree, declaring all vessels denationalized which lad paid the tribute imposed by the English. The Americans, threatened with a second subjugation by the English, •and with the loss of their indepen denee, so . .emieusit acquired, put a general embargo on all their vesseli;and renounced all navigation and commerci-41sosInaking a sacrifice of the interests of the nausdiS to that which is her perpetual interest— tiic of her independence. a , The success of these - measures depended more • the? na . aient t. Mit the deeeimination o f t h e / upon Oa 14110, with that flanness which is PT their &Meter, and which so inti nsu d T belongs , t i o urie tbe , den jUst:Ce of every li t; i sing r eau tZlead o ur cause in - I am not ignorW of what every individ ua l suf . lialtilimetual manner. Neither the loss of time , : must then filit t._ . tike ll4 1, 1 of myy emus nor any othe r cons i : for honourl __ " The undersigned ranklfionfeeses drat France deration has been able to deter me from my purpose • has every thing to gain by giving the Americans a and, accordingly, I have every reaso n to believe, that reception in her ports. Hir commercial rela- if we can come to any arrangement, whi c h does not s with neutrals are advantageous to her, and she, exclude the possibly of our existen ce , H o ll and ma is npt in any manner jealous of their prosperity.— still escape thepresent impending t em p est ; panic Great, strong, and rich, she is satisfied, if by her Com- lady if, after all this, there rem a i n not only ns; merce oe that of neutrals, her exportations give a suit- grounds, but even no pretext for misunderstandin g able developement to her agriculture and manufac- and dissatisfaction, to which all my efforts are a,.l tures. rected. -Your loving King, (.Signed) ‘s mac ., " It is scarcely thirty years since the States of PARIS, FEBRUARY t 5. America bmame an independent Government in the By a decree of this day, his Majesty has appoi nte d besot* of the New World, at the price of the blood of the Household of the Empress. After divine servi ce , many immortal men, who perished on the field of all the Members of it took the oaths before the Em. tattle, in order to shake off the leaden yoke of the peror. English Monarch. These generous men were far On Friday, on his return from Rarle3uillet, hi s from supposing, when they thus sacrificed their blood Majesty gave an audience to M. de Czernilchef, for the independence of America, that a question i Aide-de-Camp to the Emperor of Russia, who deli. would so soon arise of imposing on it a yoke heavier vered to him a letter from that Sovereign. -phan that which they had shaken off, in submitting I. Yesterday the Peace concluded on the 6th o f j a . Its industry to the tariff of British legislation, and to I tuary with Sweden was proclaimed. the Orders of Council of 1807. 1 L It is said that the Emperor and great part of hi s " If then the American Minister will enter into as Court will go to Compiegne about the 25th of March. engagement that American vessels shall not submit His Majesty's journey to St. Quintin is postp one d. 1 .ro the Orders of the English Council of November The Crown jewellers are very busy in executing 4807, nor to any decree of blockade, unlesi that ' some ettensive orders. blockade shall be real, the undersigned is authorized 1 Miami I.—The Emperor left the Tbuilieries yes. to conclude every species of convention tending to re-Iterday at half past twelve to hunt. His Majesty re new the Treaty of Commerce with America; and in I turned at three, and held a Council of his Ministers. which shall be arranged all the measures proper to I General Lauriston, Aide-de-Camp to his Imperial consolidate the commerce and the prosperity of the Majesty, set out, it is said, for Vienna, on the 25 t h Americans. ult. with his Majesty's portrait. " The undersigned has thought it his duty to an- M. Anatole de Montesquieu also set out yesterday swer the verbal overtures of the American Minister morning for Vienna. by a written note, in order that the President of the M. Halle, physician is ordinary to his Imperial United States may better know the amicable inten- Majesty, has, it is said, received notice from the Grand tions of France towards the United States, and her Marshal of the Palace, that he is to set out to-day in favourable disposition to American commerce. one of his Imperial Majesty's carriages to proceed to (Signed) 44 DUC DE canons." Brannan, to make part of the procession which is to . AMSTERDAM, FEBRUARY 28. attend her Imperial and Royal Highness the Arch. The following is a copy of a letter addressed by his Duchess of Austria Male Louisa, the future Spcuse Majesty to the Legislative Body : of the Emperor. Amongst the persons also appointed to form part THE KING TO THE LEGISLATIVE FBODY. I, 1810. of the above procession, are M. de Beausset, Prefect of Park, eb. di Gentlemen—l have been disappointed in my ex- the Palace; M. de Seyssel, Master of the Ceremonies; pectation of being enabled to return before the Ist of and four Chamberlains. M. M. de Beam, de Barolle, January. From the annexed documents contained d'Aubusson, and d'Angosse. tr in the Moniteur of yesterday (the 81st of January), The Chevalier of onour, Senator Beauharnois; you will perceive that the result of our affairs is con- the Grand Equerry, Prince Aldobrandini-Borghese; and the Bishop of Metz, are also parr to Braunaa. netted with the conduct of the English Government. " The regret which I have felt has been consider- The Prince of Neufchatel is, it is said, char ged ably increased upon reading the unjust accusation with powers from all the Princes of the Confederation of the Rhine, to render every where on their tenet°. made against us, of having betrayed the cause of the Continent, that is, of having been unfaithful to our en- ries the suitable honours to the august procession. gagements ; and I write this letter to you to diminish T he King of Bavaria is to live a fete at Munich the impression which so unjust and astonishing an on the 12th or 15th. His Majesty set out from Paris accusation must make upon your hearts, as well as last ni ght. upon the heart of every true Hollander. lt is understood that the days of rest which her " Whilst, during the four years that have elapsed Imperial Highness the Princess Maria Louisa, will - -!-_ pass - Munich, Carisruhe, and Ratisbon, will be at _ consecrated tope: given in honour of her by the So vereigns of those residences. The produce of English merchandise confiscated between the Scheldt and the Maese, is to be employed in repairing Flushing. A letter from the Duke of Dalmatia, dated from Seville, February 2, give's an official account of the entrance of the French into that city. The Duke of Belluno had previously promised, in answer so a flag Of truce, that the inhabitants should be protected, that those in arms should be allowed•to serve in the troops of King Joseph, or retire, end live peaceably on de. livering up their arms. The inhabitants then sub mitted, and the French entered the city, where they found 263 pieces of cannon, and a large quantity of arms, ammunition, and provisions. Another letter from the same, dated Seville, lie. bruary 3, states, the entrance of Sebastiani into Gra• nada, and that the Duke of Treviso was the next day to march for Badajoz. • A third letter from the same, dated Seville, Fe bruary 5, states, that Sebastiani was to be that day at Malaga, and was to occupy Antequela and Gua dix, and communicate by Ronda and Marbello, with the first corps, the troops of which were on that day to occupy San Lucar de Barramido, Rota Puerto de Santa Maria, Puerto Real et Chiclana, and Medin a Sidonia, for the purpose of entirely blockading Cadiz on the land side. His Serene Highness the Prince of N.ufchatel, Major-General, has just received the following letter from General Belliard, Governor of Madrid : ••• " MT PILINCI ' " Madrid, Feb. 15,1510. " 'inform you with great pleasure, that the eagle and colours which were I'ost at Baylen, have bees delivered to his Majesty at Seville. " 'The clergy of Andalusia, Ws Majesty acquaints me, conduct themselves welL 'I he citizens and nobility have offered three battalions and tllo squadrons, clothed and equipped, which were to be ready to-day to enter on duty. ' " I have the honour to be, Bcc. Oared) " AUG. BELLIARD. " On the 22dFebruary his Sereneffighness the Prince of Neufchatel made the following report to his Ma- jesty, the Emperor and King : " have the honour, to lay before your Majesty t state of the artillery found in Seville, on the first examinadon aI the magazines and arsenals. 'The number is WI picots. beet 174 pieces in the foundery; 40,000 bullets, more than 200puu. of powder, 6,000,000 eartouches for infantry, a peat number pistols and muskets, 20,000 swords, 4500 lances , and sl3ol3e4g* nards. Such are the arms obtained In this city. mttttuni " I subjoin also a general statement of the artillery, Con, &c. acquired in Granada and its neighbsorkood. The own ber of pieces are 62, not including 42 found at Jaen, and 10 on the road between Jun and Granada, besides ten in the maw taita--: nether 124 pieces." VIENNA, FEBRUARY 16: A Courier arrived here this morning from Paris, with the agreeable intelligence of the signature of a contract of marriage between the Emperor Napoleon and her Imperial liighness the Arcbduchess Mss Louisa. It is impossible to describe the joy to which this news has given birth amongst all classes of the inhabitants. It began to be circulated at eleven in the morning, and at two the Bank Bills had risen from 10 to 100. It is announced that the Prince of Neufchatel will arrive here on the 2d, that the cere • g o x . e and the fret will last ten days, and that the will set out from Vienna on the 14th of March Oltb the august Spouse of his Sovere i g n. se nt t The Emperor of the French has sent a pre our Monarch of so g te magnifiCentG o belin taped* since the commencement of my reign, the nation, and you in particular, called to watch over her interests, have borne with so much difficulty and distress, but at the same time with so much resignation, the doub ling of the imposts, so considerable an augmentation of the public debt, and armaments so great and so disproportionate to the population and means of the kingdom—we little thought that we should have been accused of having violated our engagements, and of not having done enough ; at a moment when the state of maritime affairs operates upon us with a greater pressure than upon all other countries collectively, and when, to complete our misfortunes, we are, be. sides, compelled to sustain a blockade upon the Con tinent. " It is the heartfelt consciousness of these consi derations, gentlemen, which should lead us to the exercise of patience, until the moment when the jus: tice of his Majesty the Emperor, my brother, shall make reparation for a charge which we have so little deserved. " I cannot ascertain how long I may yet be pre vented from gratifying the first and most anxious of my wishes, namely, that of returning to my capital ; and seeing myself in the midst of you at this difficult and critical juncture. 44 But, however distant that period may be, be assured, that nothing can alter my affection for the nation and my attachment to her interests, nor lessen you in my esteem and confidence. (Signed) " Louis." The following letter, addressed by his Majesty to the Council of State, as this day read by the Mi- , fiister, the Vice-president, at a meeting of the Coun cil, which was attended by all the Ministers and other members: " THE XIYO TO THE COUNCIL OF STATE. " Though I with regret see the end of the third month since my departure fast approaching, nothing has yet been decided with regard to our affairs. " I cannot, however, suffer a single instant to pass, after my recovery, without repeating to you the as surance, that all possible exertions shall continue to be made to preserve the existence of the kingdom. 44 We cannot conceal from ourselves, that this will cost us great and difficult sacrifices ; but I shall not hesitate, if there be but a possibility of Holland, after all that can be demanded of it, being suffered to exist, to submit myself to the generosity of the Em peror, my brother, in the just expectation that, upon the removal of all the causes of dissatisfaction, we shall receive those indemnifications to which we are so strongly entitled, and which will be more than ever necessary to us. , 44 My intention in submitting myself to the plea sure of the Emperor, my brother, in every thing that he can demand of us, is to convince him that we have many enemies ; that we may have been the victims of calumny, of petty passions and interests ; but that we have never ceased, and still will continue to ad mire the Emperor, and to conduct ourselves as true friends and old allies of France, tried by numerous sacrifices and vario us eve nt s . ould I be able to succeed in this purpose, as I have every reason to ex pect, every thing else will follow, inasmuch as it must be both the interest and inclination of France to favour and aggrandize her friends, and not to de press them. 44 I therefore entreat you to unite all. your. efforts to prevent emigration to foreign countries, and every proceeding that might indicate despondency, and to ,•• . • , and than in any othsv a Men without policy, without Maoist 1134 with- *don th •ntrary, was an obstacle' doeeinem, may well allege that salty Ira ism* to Emperor , utcls still coatipuetsa pay the tribute imposed by England* bismii• it is so petal!' ourse with the Wdlb. fight ; but will not the English feel that they would belongs ti 'ranee upon this, tiobjpe rather have the principle admitted than increase the. NI au Imperial Majesty .t tariff, because, if this tribute, now light, should be. fen. I I aeasures of rigour, which come insupportable, those w ho had refused to fight the most isoleased. Twice were for honour must then fight for interest. nor the fa 111 , I, Q ~~ . •