Star. — London, England, 1831-06-07 00:00:00

cf Deerneeki, are entirely quelled. As foe Patmositia, mat ters cannot be settled at owe, as the country is so extensive; but as soon as the small number of the instigators of the troubles is removed. all will be quiet there also. The great mass of the people join the insurrection, either by cam. pulsion, or at least with lukowarmness. The property to be confiscated at Samogitia will be added to the fund of the invalids; in the other provinces it will be .b.dy applied to the founding or endowing of the poor lir ek Churches in Poland. It is well known that the whole population South ofl Potosk, Minsk, and Breese, Litewski, professes the Greek religion, and only the nobility are Ca. Scowcam, June I.—A very severe grand ducal ordi ..oce was issued on April 29, against such as join in illegal ~.,ociations among tie students in the university of Rostock 11A.3111Uia, June 2.—The 20th inst. the battalion of troops t f the line of the principality of Lippe, marched from peunold to reinforce the garrison of Luxemburg. The Grand Duke of Oldenburg passed through Bremen Toterdsy, oc his return to his dominions.—Hamburg pupers, June 4. Exchange on London. Christians, May 23, Three Months, 5, 118. Petersburg, May 20, 10, 47, 64. Berlin, May 31, Three Months, 6, 191. Bremen, Slay 31, Two Months, 600. I r 11 6t If rd rw ill ar of al PP of er 10 11) IT, at tel e- at be i irs im e 7 i S a I . re n • • SPIRIT OF THE JOURNALS. MORNINti CHRONICLE—Letters were received from Merthyr Tydvil yesterday on the subject of the riots i n South Wales, adding considerably to the number of the killed and wounded in the affray on the 3cl inst. at Merthyr. Mr. William Crawshay, second son of the wealthy iron master, most providentially escaped the effects of a musket b u n, which whizzed close to his ear. A large body of the rioters attempted to get ;possession of the castle in which Mr. Crawsbay resides : but himself and his con fidential people, aided by the military. gallantly repulsed the misguided, but most ferocious assailants, and drove them of Two hundred of the Swansea troop, which had come in aid of the civil power, had all their arms taken from them by the mob, and were driven back to Swansea. The country round is in the greatest state of alarm, but the Go vernment are sending reinforcements of soldiers from ve nous districts, in the hope of putting down the rioters, who have, it is said, been kindly treated by their masters. ! Iltecontagion is supposed to have ban caught from the north.' Is the account which we published yesterday of the disturb saes amongst the workmen at Merthyr Tydvil, it was aro. seemly stated, that the militia there aartembled was not eM. dent, and could net be made available in quelling the riot. We are info:med, on good authority, that this assertion is wholly unfounded, and that the detachment of the Glamor ganahire militia present at Merthyr was animated with the best spirit, anti behaved admirably, showing the greatestzeal and most cordially co-operating with the party of the 99d Regiment, in repressing disorder, and protecting lives and property against the brut.ll attacks of the mob. We rejoice to make this amende to so respectable a body, as the Glamor gaeshire militia have, as we believe, always proved them selves to be. TIMES.—We do not know whether it may be prudent to notice—we are sure it would be quite otherwise to en. courage—any of those schemes of reform which au drat.' hied, some perhaps with honest views—many indisputa- bly with views the reverse of honest, but all of which discard, ins manner more or less_ peremptory, the principles of the present or Ministerial BBL Take the thing in the most favourable sense, soy very important deviation from the principle of a measure of reform on behalf of which the minds of most men are ahad d k a r t : may ray, eager and unanimous , would tend to that unanimity, to unsettle the bearings of the whole gins. don through the country, and to overcloud the now cheering and animating prospects of complete guesses with Wilds there • is no doubt that the understood plan of his Majesty's Go vernment will be immediately attended. But there is no doubt that the great proportion of " schemes," " prospec tuses," " outlines," Ike. of Parliamentary reform, whichisre sow afloat, have been launched from Tory slips, and sent into the world on Tory missions. Their purposes is . to de throne the bill of refrain from its eminence in public opi nion, or at least to des& and oonfound the public eye, by presenting many objects at the sense moment, in the gab and under the banners of reform, with like pre. tensions as the bill, but inviting support to themselves, as more worthy of countenance 'from the Minds of reform on the very principles assumed by Ministers, of miming acees. stops to the constituent body, as well of property as of numbers. All these quackerks ought to be fang aside at once : they mean nothing but pure mischief—they have no object—they dream of nothing but to defeat the bill. When women of rank drive about, from house to hoes, violently that " they would rather see England, " with blood than the bill carried," we may guess at the bitterness sod inveteracy of spirit with which certain portions of the old Tory coterie regard this great ainiagamadog immure. The fact is, that the effect on society, es well as on state policy, will be most renovating. Every desaiptios of escluivenme—all sorts of coteries—the Almada ofq‘ie, as well as of biles—it will destroy. Fashion, which Mire power, wM no leapt be monopolised, whets prom mews to be maispolied. The rices and follies whit hive hitherto bus se letpedbasas-- it they have not, indeed, boa halides—to swam Is high but narrow circles, will be lashed at or vaned when tits circle in which they exhibit theasivisibmll be ast st b. lie opinion. The lose share Ilfe boils emerpedias, which they never yet hove bees, it Iggir a wised favour, mast cultivate these wades ladslis imammL (flog Islet/ approve. This willipsomd to their wives and the moral character of th e isle wdeaceacy will 7— Gsemeded. HERALD.-11 Spoil earabeises sod missilery pu nislimeou were the Met asses to subdue the wins, and omen the habits of a people, there is no teens why Ire. hod should not now be the mast peaceable and the most civilised country in the world. Igo people to the face of the earth have had more of the discipline o f ri go rous Ms, and few h ave b a d so muds--and no are more ready to set upon warm and impetuous Wings, under a real or imaginary same of wrong, without any regard to the consequences of an intemperate or illegal 'lndication of what they consider their violated rights. Under the Whiteboy Acts, a threat of violence to induce a man to enter an unlawful combination, or to induce him to do injury to the lands of another, is punishable with Death. Leaving the morality of such an enactment out of the ques tion, we are of opinion that Its impolicy requires its uoli. tietn. Where no disdnetion is made in the puaisianent which the law assigns to moat of violence and actual murder, the Pnpetratitio of the latter aims will become of more memo= occurrence than it otherwise would be. Wins s met knows that be may be hanged for a threat, or other indica tion of violence, and can only be hanged for patting that dues io execution, to the destruction of life, be will the lees hesitate to gratify his revenge by destroying an enemy, or to amok fos his safety by putting a witness out of the way. Under such laws we are pot surprised that revenge should so frequently terminate in homicide. In Clue, the number of persona charged with murder, to be trial at the present Commission, are forty.one ember a strong illustration, we think, of the unhutnanising inflame, of violent taws,—We observe that two persons—namely, U. Devitt and Michael Stovin, have been capitally convicted at Limerick, for feloniously threatening one Martin Kelly with the words " break your head, and spli t your skull," to induce him to join as illegal association. We trust we have shown cause why the law should not he eonled into Snell hos in those eases. The law which confounds violent words with sanguinary deeds is in barbarous opposition to the feat principles of justice. POST.—We will take upon ourselves to assert, that the change which is meditated in the administration of the Book. ruts Laws is the reverse of useful or just. There ere plenty of goodsatured friends who are gaping for places, and tifty new uses at one dash is no small godsend to a Minister who has the Cravings of so many to satisfy. There is a story, too, on soot nose, that Lond Lyndhurst means to give the men. *are his support. We doubt the assertion. We believe that a very intimate friend of his Lordship has succeeded to t he app o i ntment of King's Counsel in the Ducky Court of orns/411; but to say, as we have heard it said, that there fore Lord Lyndhurst will support the L o rd Ch ance ll or ' s Bankrupt Bill, is, in our opinion, to libel that honourable gotkman, He knows that the present system works wed and that, with some rqulations, as to a few points of Practice, and with, probably, some curtailment of the number of the Commimioners, the present plan and the existing Bankrupt Laws are much better calculated for Practical benefit, than all the new-fangled notions Ohio Ma. Attorney.Genersi, or Lord High Chancellor. The ~i leitor•Gennal has admitted the utility of it ova sad ever again, in his esaminaden beton the Chancery Clio. Weeklong ; sail as be was himself foe 11 years a Ccen- 1 missioner of Bankrupts, must have hest sstly essahant of the subject en which be was haft an siphise--- When the new plan shall how nnihrgess the criticism it is thetined to meet with, him est Una per son, Sir R. B. Sadao—whet Sr Janis s ._Lit shall have exposed its anomaliss.—and wina lie Medea illethurall shall have *hewn k raptly tip—ire shall he Owl ea use the effect produced upon the Hew ay she in of those who know nothing sir haltraptcy Unkrupt practice, but who nevertheless presume to say that the present law and peados in bankruptcy are wrong. The Commissioners of Bankrupts have been very ill used by the Lord Chsacellor, and have never been properly defended in the Hausa Commons. We hope, however, that justice, though tardy, may at length be dealt to them, and that they may be shown to the commercial world in particular, and to the public in general, not to be that place-hunting, fee-sinking, meeting-making, mischiev ous race which the tongue that talked of " compensation. for fear of turning useless drones into stinging hornets," misre presented them to be. TO THE EDITOR OP TRH STAR. Si a—Will your City Correspondent have the goodness to inform me, why, since from the terms lately offered, it is clear that the Interest due upon the Cortes Bonds will be converted into Principal, whenever an arrangement takes place, the Bonds with the Coupons, amounting to 351. per Cent. do in London fetch only about 21. per Cent. and those of 1823 (though to be arranged on the same terms) only a half per Cent. more than they do at Paris, without the Coupons, which, in point of real valde, are as one-third to the whole price ? The Bondholders seem a spiritless set. Why do they not apply to Lord Palmerston, and also to M. Zea Bermudez? It is surprising that the Ambas sador of a Government, dealing so foully with its creditors, should never have a single word of re monstrance addressed to, and through him trans mitted to that Government upon the subject.—l am, Sir, your obliged servant, June 7, 1831. A SPANISH BONDHOLDER. MONUMENT TO THE ZING. TO THE EDITOR OF THE STAR. SIR— In the general demonstration of a nation's loyalty, it is necessary that the energies for ob taining the object should be combined, and that the unity of the means employed, should be directed to one centre, in order to the accomplishment—upon a scale of grandeur suited to the occasion—of this national emblem of a nation's gratitude. I therefore humbly submit, that the Committee formed by the Trades' Institutions of the metropo lis, combining the whole of the Societies of the united kingdom, effectually embraces all classes of his Majesty's loyal subjects ; and it is the voice of the artisan, the mechanic, and the productive la bourer of the land—the energy, the power, and the glory of the nation—that must record and raise this National Monument, or it will net be the act of the country. This is to be the poor man's tribute; and if the aristocracy of the nation feel the importance of this loyal design, they will not attempt to deprive the industrious artisans of the land of the honour they seek, by diverting public attention from their pro jected measures and designs ; but come forward, and contribute largely and freely, in order to faci litate, succour, and protect the glorious undertak ing—as well as record their own loyalty—of the working classes of society, from whose united energies and sweat they draw their affluence, gran deur, and ease. I have the honour to be, sir, Your obedient mums. A FRIEND TO THE CAUSE. ON THE DIGNITY OF A BARON OF ENGLAND. This appellation appears to be derived from the Latin word, Baro, which, in the pare age of that language, signified, Robur belli, which Bracton introduces in this : " Sant alit potentes sub Rage qui dicun P t a u i r aa garones hoe est Robur belli ;" hence, those who fought next the King in battle were called Barone.. In Cicero the name may be read in the singular and plural number. Henry of Huntingdon gives Adelwald, under King Edward, son of Alfred, the addition of Baro Regis; and in Domesday Book, under Thorp, In Suffolk, may be found this sentence: " Mac tes inuadiauit Abbss [S. Rdenj et Ramose Regis. scilicet W. epm. Ragelricu. 7 Bad. Stara pro es." The King generally rewarded his chieftains, for their valour and military discipline, with fiefs,which they held of him as his immediate tenants; whilst others yielded up eligible tracts of their domains to receive them back as noble fees ; thus in peace or war, inequality of rank constituted an important feature in the structure of society, and contri buted both to polish the people and to re fine their pleasures and amusements. " Great verily, says Camden, was the glory of our language before the Norman Conquest in this, that the old English could express, most aptly, all the conceptions of the mind, without borrowing from any ;" of which he affords various pertinent examples. A classic illustration of the feudal times may be draen by comparison with those of ancient Greece, from the poems of Homer, which some conceive were intended to expose the mis chiefs arising from the political state of that distin guished nation ; for example—the Iliad will repre sent the dissentious generally originating among independent chiefs ; and the Odyssey, the insur rectionary spirit of the nobles and vassals, when unrestrained by the presence and magnanimity of their Sovereign. The feudal constitution, useful and honourable in principle, was introdu ced about the year 1070 into &gland : it was weak at the commencement of King William's reign, but after Fiefs became hereditary, and Knight Service was associated with the system, and the light of history began to dawn, the high and disinterested notions of chivalry were effectually regenerated, and a regular and powerful form of Government was gradually established. " At the Court of every Prince, Count, or Ba ron, jousts and tournaments became the favourite amusements, and presented a living image, both in real and mimic war. In the expeditions to the neighbouring Kingdoms, or the Holy Land, their Followers were measured by the power, wealth, and fame, of each independent Chieftain. They were distinguished by his banner, his armorial coat, and cry of war ; and the most ancient families in Europe must seek in these achievements the origin and proof of their nobility."—Ginner. The law of King William on Knight Service and the feodal tenure:— " &soda s. edam et Annum prodpimus at on an G. solids et Busses, et Unites, et eervieetes, et univerd libal bombes Wes refpd soma railed, balsam et tensest se seeps* base be weals d be gteie, at duet et *pates, me r g o ‘ d re stt i simper prompts et babe pared somoitlems nom "obis explemion, etperegeodom, am simper epos sdfoldt, seatodim good Isola &boot de feolie et to. mamas ante de jure facere, et strut 11lie statubans per emensme ecerineas todus regni nom' predict', et Wiens et cooesesimus in feedo jure haysslisarie."—LL. f3uilL c. 68. Tie QUALITIC•rioIf Or • BARON :—Abbas Wuifri. esa lebalt harem, GO:mu:due vocabulo t cul diem propeentis Uri, in matrimonium conjungi pa/avast : tied, EL hidarum terra & us minium min obtlneret =Ns asset, inter Proceres tune nuncuparl non potult." —Beg. Mien in Bibl. Bodi. f. Tux RELIEF:—" De itekvio Baron's : IV. Pg.' aun aellis et fronts *road, et ferias 11. et IL Gales, et seats 11. et IL Butz, et 11. Braes; et alit mai 11. uous Veredus et anus Palfridus cum freno et capture." DEFINITION OF THE TENURE BY BARONY. —Tbe baronial dignity was created in England by the admission of the intended baron to the King's Great Court, and by a royal charter or gift of a castle, manor, or territory, with jurisdiction, rights or privileges ; or by the surrender of the like to the King, to receive it back as a noble fief; to hold immediately of him, as of his'crown, for a knight' fee, more or less, as tenant in capita; whereupon, owing suit and service to the King, he took the juramen tuns "delitatis, did homage, and was saluted Baron. This creation in itself ennobled the blood, and conferred the dignity of a Baron of the Realm, Baro Regis, in fee. The barons so created were numerous; and by them the standard of freedom was unfurled and the bulwark of British liberty established at Runnimede. On that celebrated spot, in 1215, Magna Charts was signed by King John, which limited the relief in future for the heir of a baron, plate stalls, to 100 marks ; and laid the foundation for dividing the legislative body into distinct assomblisa by this important provision : " Et ad habendum commune consilium rept de auxilio aasidendo *liter quart in tribes , artis Frothed*. vel de seu tagio addend° summoniri faciemus Archiepiscopoe. Epis. copos, Abbate:, Comites et Major= Barone*, sigillatim pee hens noon& Et preterea faciemus summoniri in geocrali per eicecomites et bailie°s nostros, omnes illos qui de nobis tenent in eapite°, ad cerium diem ; scilicet ad terminum - quadraginta dierum ad minus ; et ad eatum locum ; et in omnibus hens fills summonitionis. mum summonitionis exprimemus • et sic focus summonitione negotium ad diem sasignatum Procedat, secundum consilium illorum qui pre. antes fuerint, quansvis non omnes summoniti venerint." The barons of England were enumerated by King Henry HI. at 240: " Nominavit, says Matthew Paris, Dominus Rex et numeravit omnes Anglia quarum ei occurrit memoria, Baronias, invenitq. Ducentas et Quinquaginta." A sitting in the Communia Consilia Regni, or Parliament, at any period, even subsequently to that reign, was not a constituent part in the creation of a baron, the dig nity being completely established without a writ of summons. Parliamentary duties, it should seem, did not assimilate with the chivalrous spirit of the age ; for some of the barons by tenure had no summons, for political reasons, and others never re quired any, and yet they ranked in power and dis tinction with the principal barons of their time. The ordinance of the 48th of Hen. 111. will illus trate the former remark : " Staudt et ordinavit quad anon 1111 Condos et Masses regal Anglia quibus Ipso Rex thipentos on Mai &mina adonis dirigere 'entreat ad Parliaments. ear, it mean nisi forte Dominus Rex alit illie bras Marrs volulseet." The dignity of Baron maid by regal tenure, does not mean a Peer or Lord of Parliament, al though the Writs of Summons described both the Barons and Lords of Parliament, with few excep tions, Domini, Milites, Chivalers ' • those, however,' who sat in Parliament a mong th e Barons by tenure and merely by writ, were, from being called their Peers or equals, invariably reputed Barons, as they are at the present day. By a charter to the Chureh of Rome, King John styled the Earls of Salisbury, Boulogne, Warren, and Ferraris, " hi "weer, Barones nostri." In the 23d Ed. I. Jobn de Graystok was sum moned to Parliament as " Johanni Baroni de Grey awl," as were several of his descendants ; and from the 27th Ed. I. to Ist Ed. 11. Edmund de Stafford was summoned to Parliament as " Ed mund° Baroni de Stafford." The names of some of the barons who were liv ing in the reigns of Ed. I. and 11. and who were not summoned to Parliament : " Nicbolaas de Cam, Denims de Molesford. Johannes le Breton, Dominos As Spode. Walters do Bello campo, Dominus do Aleceste. Johannes de Hudleston, Denehnes de Aims. Ricardus de Talbot, Donbas de Ihmisevell. Rogers. de Bellario, Dashes& &piss Johannes Dominus de Wastes." In a Treatise by Mr. Cruise, it is asserted:— " That feudal dignities were transferable with the fends to which they were annexed, and that a purchaser acquired the dignity with the estate." This doctrine requires some elucidation, which the Barony of Kryche may possibly afford : Ankere, Baron de Frescheville, Lord of Kryche, in Derbyshire, died 54 Hen. 3, when it was found that be held that manor of the King, as tenant in capita, by barony : to whom succeeded Ralph, the next Baron de Frescheville, his son and heir, who, 15 Ed. 1, on paying his relief and doing his ho mage, had livery of his lands, excepting the manor of Boney or Bunny in Nottinghamshire, which he and his father also held of the Xing, as tenant in capite, by barony, and which was retained in the hands of Richard de Grey until the fine imposed on Ankere, his father, who joined the rebellious Barons at Northamton, was paid according to the dictum de Kenilworth. This Ralph bad summons to Par liament, 25 Ed. I. in right of his lands he held by barony, as " Radulphus de Frescheville ;" but neither himself, his son, or any of his descendants were afterwards samnionedr 19; Ed. 2, Roger Buller, who was an eminent Judge in that reign, and pessessed of a large estate, purchased the ma sses of Kryche and Bunny, of Ralph, Baron is Frescheville; and which Manor of Kryche, Seger Beier held of the King, for a Knight's fee,. as tenant in capita by barony, whereupon he did and became the next Baron and Lord of ward Nevill, in the reign of King James the first, claimed to be summoned to Parliament, by writ in respect of his possession of the Barony of Bergavenny ; the claim being put to the vote, the majority of the Lords decided that the Barony s hould be allowed him, as heir male, upon which he bsd summons, and sat in the place of the last Baron Bergavenny. 6- With respect to the dignities of Le Despencer and Ber. prissy," mays Sir William &them, 66 when the Lards proposed to leave loth. King the choice to which of the ple dge the dignity of Berpvenny should be given, they mot have somaidered both dignities personal t sad rhea tat, it to the veto, to which the title of B poterpvenoy should be given, they snine have considered the diipity peemel, lee othetwise it meld not belong to Lady Mary Pane, who hod not the sinewy of Dergessoey." BURLY BAROWY.—By a Ohnseer of King Richard I. Maurice de Berkley lidd the Manor of Berkley, is Gleoceeterakire, with Ihmikley Her . • Those who bell of the King is 'spite, pet serelthus l itahars, wow WWI Mimes Swim. nesse, of the King, for 5 Knights' fees, as te nant in capite by barony. " Thomas de Berke ley," Mr. Nicolas observes, " who was not pos sessed of Berkeley Castle, was summoned to 'Parliament 21. Hen. VIII ; his son and heir, Thomas, was summoned 25. Hen. VIII, and sat on every occasion in the precedency of the an cient barony, though 'he was not possessed of Berkeley Castle ; Henri de Berkeley, son and heir of Thomas, succeedtd to the possession of Berkeley Castle in 1553, and sat in Parliament in 1557, in the same place as that in which his father sat." • In the Committee of Privileges of the House of Lords, on the 16th of June, 1830, Lord Brougham and Vaux, the present Lord Chan cellor, who was counsel on the occasion, spoke as follows: " That when he last addressed their Lordships he had shown the existence of barony by tenure, to former times, by the dicta of high judicial authorities, the records of Parlia ment, and the decisions of their Lordships' House. There was no authority to show that its existence had ceased. It had survived that great measure of the 12th of Charles the Second, whereby all military tenures were abolished; foe in that very measure there was an express provision, that the privilege of being summoned to Parliament. as parcel of a tenure by barony, should be saved. It remained with the other side to show what Chief Baron Cowyn meant, when be twit " that there was also a barony by tenure to be enjoyed by those who held certain lands, to which the priviledge of a Peerage was attached." On the death of Edward VI. the rever,.ioo of the barony devolved on the heirs general of the Marquis de Berkley ; and it appeared that, in the reign of Phillip and Mary, Henry Lord Berkley was accordingly sum. mooed to Parliament, and took his seat, not as the heir of the Lord who had been created by writ, but by virtue of his tenure, for be enjoyed the same rank as the ancient Barons de Berkley." The statute, 12 Car. H. c. 24, to which the noble Lord alluded was entitled, " An Act for taking away the Court of Wards and Liveries and Tenures, in capite, and by Knights' service and purveyance, and for settling a Revenue upon his Majesty in lieu thereof;" and it contains this pro viso : That neither this Act, nor any thing thing therein contained, shall infringe or hurt any title of honour, feodal, or other, by which any person bath or may have right to sit in the Lords Howe of Parliament, and the priviledge belonging to them as Peers." London, June 6. 1831. W. THE QUEEN'S SILK LACE DRESS. (or • NOTTINGHAM MECHANIC.) The dress worn by Queen Adelaide at the juvenile ball given by their Majesties on Tuesday se'nnight, (the 24th May) in honour of the Princess Victoria of Kent, the heiress presumptive of the Crown, and mentioned in the " Court Circular" as being made of white lace and silver, was made of Nottingham machine- wrought bobbin net silk lace, — in imitation of the French chantilly blond, and tulle, which is so extensively made at Lyons, Nismes, Troyes, and Barcelona, and so largely imported into this country. The circumstances under which her Majesty was induced to order this British silk blond dress were of the most extra ordinary nature, and important to the manufacturing and commercial interests of the country-41seply involving the question as to the policy and admissmns practicability of the free trade system adopted by the Blida Legislature, erro neously termed the " reciprocity rponn," as the recipro city on the pert of France and Spain is entirely on one side, they absolutely prohibiting as contraband almost every arti cle of British manufact•re. The French tulle is made in the nest mama Mimed by the workman single press point set, spinet whkh the Lud dites. from 1812 to 1818, directed so mesh of dub mos Cc:when made of option, as Was a *Widget Girded& l i nty chaeged upon the hoportatioa owe per ant. on the declared value, which ditty wee sub mem by the importers. A anamerial • ship sultsotwas pessresad to Mr. Robinson (Lord ) by Illiffleak, width was treated with great coolness sad mem • oatadtwe was pre. seated by Mr. Denman who made sigh strong resin. 'trances, aided by Mr. Birch, that the deity was altered to 21. per square yard, or more than M pie met. This cant!. nued until Mr. Huskisson, by his mishealed measure in 1821, altered the whole scale of dada, which took place in 1826, and lowered the tariff to SS psi cent• since which pe• rind the point net frames, from IMO. have gradually dints pared, until John Martinis now the ism s olitary point set hand ! The extent of the importation a a manufacture la which the English conceived they &headgear have rimelsed unrivalled from their superior skill, mg be escheated by a return made to the Lords of Trade. kb - Wm 1111 k by which it appeared. that in one year nearly MAN stem yards were imported, but so slovenly Is the babe to emded oe at the Customhouse, that the French Mira their ells of 46 inches, which are passed as yards, Making the total more than 240,000 yards, exclusive et tits omen of which the merchants of Deal and Dover lowowoo wesels..amegglo g While the English were thus Melly losing the - ilk - lam trade, the French were rapidly pining the man ha trade, though they affected to prohibit both; the Samar being really and rigidly prohibited, the latter only , in order to encourage English workmen to Ince in France, and to make one piece and mum* another, thus completely outwitting us. The Doltish peanneent, instead of checking this ruinous spasm, which will uhi. mately be found so dreadful in its winked at the subject as unworthy their nodes, dm Infatuation that the skill of the English workmen had nodding to fear from competition. The workmen (principally investors of mehfroory) coo. ceiving themselves in the most imminent *pay, es the bobbin net machines were extending at the rate of more than twenty per month in France, came to the resolution of presenting a memorial to the Board of Trade, upon these important subject*, urging a careful inquiry into the state of , the hosiery and lace trades, which was presented to Mr. Henries by Mr. Legh Keck, 81. P. for the county of Leices ter, and Mr. Birch. ALP. for Nottingham, who promised a careful investigation. On the meeting of Parliament, Mr. Berries, detennined ' to redeem his pledge to those gentlemen, directed his secre tary to require the attendance of Gramm Henson, who bad ' signed his memorial, at the Office of Trade, who proceeded to town accordingly. The principal purport of this mission was materially retarded by that Minister entering upon the' important subject of Mr. Lyttleton's Truck Bill, which en grossed the attention of most of the influential members of both Houses, and as Henson was of much local in formation and experience upon trratte d r and had written extensively upon the subject, be was directed to examine the bill and report thereon. Scarcely had Henson Finished this task and nearly brought it to a con. elution, and had begun to enter with Mr. Berries sedulous ly into the question of the duties upon the importation of French wrought lace, as to the propriety of Increasing the duty, or taking some measures to protect &Mph products. which Mr. Harks seemed fully inclined to do, when the dissolution of the ‘Vellineooo administration caused that gentleman to retire from offer, and Lord Auckland to be appointed his successor• ' having Mr. Powlett Thompson, the well-known member for Dover, as the Tice President. Before the new minister, Lord Auckland. bad taken the oaths and entered upon Ake, Sir It. C. Ferguson, 1. P. for Nottingham, had urged the matter upon his ord.hir, and requested him to permit Henson to wait upon hon. The result of this interview was, that his Lordship expressed considerable doubts as to the propriety of interference t and as it was generally vanutured that Mr. P. Thonisco, though a merchant sad resident of Dover was placed in alto fie the express purpose of forwarding :he reciprocity system, yet it was deemed prudent that Emma should ascertain from Ihim personally lds yews upon the subject ; this interview terminated as was expected, the Vice-President ftfo.iag y e outer upon the question, and treated the matter as friQeso and unworthy his attention. Their Majesties, with a praigewerthy ottaneos to the di e . misses of the cosostey, had given the most positisr deegtions that no person shook, sprite at Court Amelia In any but British manufecteres. This oat r wee nearly tantamount : in Its motivate** go direct*/ that so lady should appear ' In white Wit loos. 1 I 811 k lace had been berm to be made from the bobbin re. 1 teachings, which bad ins...god slam ISO, from Eric to; r. • than 200, to mere then NN, at an expense of nest a million and a half of capital. A species of white silk bee hod been made from the warp frame, another distinct mode of making machine ism Several abortive attempts led been made, for a loss peeled to stirs. the lace after the French method, sod peons had gone to Lyons, for the urns pur pose of kerning their method, who had all lamentably Jailed. A person of the name of Crowder who had made coasidetable hnprovements the lace mtithisseY, bad timed by some of the manufacturers who imported the French lace, and employed their work-people in Nettirsg bian, to ornament net made at Lye's), dhooled hi Mo tion to the subject, and as be was said to have alined some hints from the Continent, he, by dint of pent per severance, was 'tabled to produce an article filly impel in appearance to the French tulle, (tom the bobble not, but decliedly superior in its stamina. The bobbin set lace is made exac,ly in the ems manes by the machine, ere the cushion lace in Buckinghamshire, and as the blond lam imported from France, but inilnitely sup rior in the regular founatim of the tutaLcs. The kasha difficulty was to stiffen an article of so gostamer an appear. toes, Wanly pliable, as lace made from a single thud of Italian silk ; but this Crowder had fully accomplisher& with this drawback, that the cow was materially greater then the ordinary method, which it appears, upon inquiry, is the ewe with the French dressed lace, ire person. being milk& even in their improved state, to dress only about seventy or eighty yards per day. It was cancived, that If bar Majesty would order • dress of this net, and thus, from such a distinguished patrocage,. introduce It to the notice of the nobility and gentry, their patriotism might induce them to prefer a British wrought ar ticle in preference to foreign, and be enabled, in concurrence with the benevolent views of their Sovereign, to appear at Court in white silk lace. Sir Boaaill, With that promptitude for which he has been equa lly distlmalsieed in the &Id, as an independent senator, imaallaraly applied to the Trea sury, who entered fully roes Ms vim of making the experiment, in reformat nt Ming the rats of duty, or adopting the row& system el prohibi. Lions • and Hanson was advised to apply to the principal manufacturers upon his return, and roma a petition to bet Majesty for that purpose. This Fadden was presented to her Majesty by Sir Herbert Taylor. Her Majesty, with a madame:mien aid attrition which esille to endear her to every considerate not only gam As order but directed Messrs. Train and Wesson, who uniketeek in the Imo& earnest manner to ample* it, to apply to her milliner, through whom she gave directions as to the manner in which the deem, when made, was most likely to meet the public approbation, leaving the exact pattern to the discretion of the manufacturer. This dress, when completed, was mist, by direction of Sir H. Taylor, direct to her Majesty, at St. James's Palace. The pattern was made in stripes of nine inches, and con sisted of an elegant star, having a largo opals work in the middle, beautifully wor ked with the needle, eacirdod with a series of roses ; the whole appearance of the dm was of eh* most brilliant description imaginable, said aboahratb dos sled the eye. The appearance was that of GOWNS of Inallenl shining silk, worked upon a gossamer light hils, hen more the appearance of net made of sollmii4l peek it of any other substance. A most material inqpiemnisnt bill ' been made in preparing the ornamental silk imisnomis of kiss. Dettano, her al *jetty's milliner. Valid oils effect, by preserving the gloss Gish@ lellenellllll 6 As Majesty, with that attention and pelismess, wish= lustre upon her character, took the soft* mid Met method of introducing the article to the notice of bar Cwt. by wearing it, ornamented with silver ova a whim ilia dress , dress, and that too at a juvenile ball, pri ncipally esengood al young ladies of bar Court, in honour of her Mash' habit's' minumptive ; thus displaying die now ankle, to a hedy of influential young ladies, ma likely to pmessis Odour nunental dresses, the chanimminic or prow dress he their rank and age. Thus has her Ilejsety in the noblest momer. thee bir duty, in inweilsologioaselis in the niestelbensel way to her a rg Court, to baton the hide& It now smiths@ so be sees ithalbst or Lyons mill bpi the silk not tr ade. If the nobility passim this ankle, which is of supoder a Preach mile, the esamoptito met neanwety isms" in this emmory, and whoever Zialihides' or isisome psalmists& The loony stamisti Of Mein set is or child, thew dagps peak that it will bear as share the sills aim known ad nima's oteilk approsimsd. Rena mere l dila lAN ilissies , miaselossityg loth him NI ee 710, oohing mein thee 11118,0111 yowls lowly s whit in Italy. Gonseny, sad the whole ammo maindec- Mod the modem; mow be estimated at bee than ogre yards ammell , se near • Wien is vain. Int Asa it is the immense rawest et poems moployid to 1111011111 d it, the abject lassoes in Moans bynames awl is 'probably t• the mem a IhNO,See sillisne amrsally, as in Catalonia aims, the se eameettne ef lets are computed by the Smoked. at lON per ms. Thus has the last girt boa wok ot die part of the English workaisa, to meet the Wm* by a flak seempid doe ; the result will be seen, and pemmity sad &me will judge, whether the English mosimeds hes had this piny —coo - whilst ilea silk net Is alined ne be impend wpm a light duty, ass Wyly mind, Isiah km is and seemly aid, whist the miss inissmisl mil =4 her nionefectorme love bum ruined and mime by. mindecw ties'. Let as fensody hop, that a soma! Pa4emon will toy toffy dame their ate miss to the maginginiit of the mamma of this ithelem, and • ith Om of ash& with Won mem, empeedng peaosl ills' mg probibbiitins, probibitiens, and saris dim really redwood. , • The following latter um vexived him bit Mailotys milliner, 84, Jermys-street, Loadsa " Stus-1 writs according so your ropiest, and base ,the pleasure to inform you, that her Majesty a:primed Wad's approbation of the blood dress you mails, and that her Ma jesty will appear in it this mains, at a Jeweils Ball given by their Majesties, at Si. James's Palace.— l am Illim,your most obedient, "M. SETT:IWO." Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kea! en tertained a large and distinguished party at dinner mien*. The Duke of Sussex visited the Princess Au gusts yesterday, at her residence in Bt. James's Mao: Prince Leopold came to town yesterday frees his rest at Claremont. Despatches were forwarded to the Kiag in the Armco; at Windsor Palace. l'he Duke of Richmond visited the Chancellor of the &chequer yesterday at th e T res eq. It is most afflicting to read tho accounts a frightful slaughter in the industr.obs mountainous districts of Meyrther Tydvil. Legal forme seem to have been respected ; but our habitual viestiuu arises as to the cause—the primitive irritiolng cause ? The labour is heavy, and what ari earnings ? What had the Come of ReqUistsrkne; —we have always considered such Co..rts as tram ps's of equity and reconciliation—waq this *Law ther description? The shooting of nr.zr In yex is a solemn transaction, and merits colt mist itigai.jl It becomes a national question, and one not to be buried in Myrther Tydvil. Parliament cannot meet too soon ;—is Peel's Bill the cause—hive re auction of prices worked unequally—have they fallen more on labour than en provisions? Will shooting rectify the evils ? As we announced at the instant the pretended discovery aixsut the Nre an was merely a pitf for a paper, of swell circulation. There was fa less trouble to discover the source of such aecinid edi tion than that of either the Niger, or the Nile ! The Atheneum leas properly exposed the ahir. It appears that the same fact has been long known, and we have before us a very old map, which on the same site carries the river Cameron., very near the Niger. But Robertson's notes on Africa, and lis map, place the matter beyond doulii. At the same time the whole is the most puny. of all school-boys qaestions. In that nut cate and flat sandy country, the Niger ;night have evapo rated ; but, in truth, it appose to form art:, of smell streams, which flow into the gulf of , eines, not yet duly explored. We feel obliged to the active literary journal, the Aloe:sew for tie cor rect explasatioo, and feel the lose of the elder Arrowassith, or Mr. lieherhasie statements would long sizes have bees Semi is eir,ccreames atlases. I