Star. — London, England, 1831-06-24 00:00:00

LITERATURE AND SCIENCE. I . ~; !i. i 1, , ARCHERY MEETINGS. Abrard from the Eivlishneasee Magazitar. Talking about English archery, also brings to mu recollection the well-knoWn tale, so fascinating to our hoyl.ood, of the unequalled outlaw Robin Hood, and •his merry men ; but those days are ;.one, and lit e only in ancient lays and legends.-- Sbernood's goodly trees have disappeared—and the stout Earls of the North no longer " to drive the (leer with hound and born," lead their "bowmen bold" to the debateable coverts of Chevy Chace. The Arche-y Meetings, or Bow Meetings as they are variously called, at present established in tl:is country, are, so far as our knowledge extends, a national peculiarity. We have seen our horse racing imitated, however imperfectly, in Germany, France., America, and even India, but they have, tv yet, been exceeded no where. It is not every one that can conveniently give an Archery Meeting. Two things are indiFpen sable—a fortune able to hear the expense, and a park, or other grounds favourable to the purpose : and such members as are without these advan tages are not expected to give one. An uniform is appointed, which is always (to our knowledge) green, but may vary in minor points according to the caprice of fashion or of taste ; and those mem bers who do not appear in it, are fined. It is this costume that chiefly imparts the characteristic and beautiful appearance of the scene, which it must be allowed to possess, especially if laid in some wild and romantic park. It is then and there that the lover of antiquity might muse on ancestral tunes, and fancy that they were again about to return. Prizes, proportionate to the funds of the so ciety, and as appropriate as the good taste of the directing party can make them, are prepared for the occasion ; there being different ones, of course, for the male and female archers. Of themselves alone, they are not of very great value, but by the glory attached to them, they become, like the monarch's glove. to Fluellin, doubly and trebly enhanced in the estimation of those who obtain them. The distance at which the gentlemen shoct is one hundred yards—that of the ladies sixty ; and the skill with which the latter frequently acquit themselves, shows that Queen Bess was not the only Englishwoman who could " draw a long bow." Sometimes, during the pastime, the company are enlivened by the music of an attending band. When the sports are ended, the judges declare aloud the names of the winners of the prizes, who receive them on the field, according to the true principles of chivalry. To prevent any mistake, the arrows of every one should bear some particular mark or motto, that they may be distinguished when in the target; else it would be very difficult if not some times impossible, to declare the victors. The evening is generally concluded by a ball, which need only be mentioned as differing from other balls, with respect to the costume of the assembled party ; but that circumstance gives to it a very unique and pleasing appearance. Such are the leading features of a modern Bow meeting. Of course, as in all such out-of-door amusements, much depends upon the weather ; but, when that is favourable, it may easily be con ceived to be a scene of much pleasure and anima tion.. The chief natural requisites for shooting well, we should describe to be a quick and steady eye, 1 and a quick and steady hand. The proper pozition in which the bow should be held and its string drawn back, which cannot well be shown upon raper, having been acquired, art and experience hare to instruct the archer, first, to point the arrow in a direct line, and, secondly, to elevate•it accord ing to the distance of the mark, and the strength of the bow. One thing should be most particu larly attended to—that the strength of the bow be well adapted to the strength of the arm that has to bend it. The command of Richard to his army on Bosworth field, " Draw archers, draw your arrows to the head," was in the true language of an able arrior. It is also essential that the arrow should be drawn to itA head with a steady hand, which is not likely to be the case if the bow.require more strength than the arm can conveniently give; and the consequence of which is, that the shaft is apt to swerve frnin the direct line, and tly unsteadily. On the other hand, it a bow of great power is not beyond the strength of the archer, it is the most effective, as the arrow may then be shot liccizon tally to a greater distance, and is, consequently, likelier to hit the target than when it requires to, be much elevated. Of course, the point of an arrow formed merely for amusement, is very differently constructed from such ns were used in warfare, but the effect even of the former, when well shot, is such as few unacquainted with it would be likely to imagine. We remember to have seen one, that, having missed the target, and struck against a strong tin Over lying near, drove its point right through. Due precautions against accident are therefore needful, but the arrangements are generally so good, that we never heard of the slightest unplea sant circumstance of the kind. Those who are sceptical about the force of an arrow, and we have heard some wtio are, might soon be undeceived by witnessing it. GEORGIA AEROLITE.—The following is a very circumstantial account of the descent of the stone which fell in May, 1829, at Forsyth, in Georgia : —Between three and four o'clock on the Bth of May, on that day a small black cloud appeared south from Forsyth, from which two distinct ex plosions were heard, following in immediate sue session, succeeded by a tremendous rumbling or whizzing noise passing through the air, which lasted, from the best account, from two to four minutes. This extraordinary noise was on the same evening accounted for by Mr. Sparks and Captain Postian, who happened to be near some negrces working in a field one mile south of this place, who discovered a large stone descending through the air, weieling, as was afterwards ns certained, thirty-six pounds. The stone was, in the course of the evetgeg or very early the next morning, recovered Rpm the spot where it fell. It had penetrated the earth two feet and a half. The outside wore the appearance as if it had been in a furnace ; it was covered, about the thicknesa of a L,nife-blade, with a black substance some lava that had been melted. On breaking it had a strong sulphureous smell, and a. metallic substance resembling silver. e, however, when broken, had a whits ap-, on the inside, with veins. By the ap of steel it would, produce fire. The facts. as related, can be supported by many individuals who beard the explosion and rumbling noise, and saw the stone. No one can tell from what direc tion the meteor came. The first thing noticed was the report like that of a large piece of ordnance; some say the principal explosion was succeeded by a number of lesser ones in quick succession, similar to the explosions of a cracker; one has told me the secondary noise was only a reverberation. Very soon after the explosions some black people heard a whiz zing noise, and on looking, saw a faint "smoke" descend to the ground, at which time they heard the noise produced by the fall of the stone : they ran to the spot, for they saw where it fell, and disco vered the hole it had made in the ground, being more than two feet in n hard clay soil : the ne groes, and others who went early to the spot, say they perceived a sulphureous smell. The stone weighed thirty-six pounds ; it fell at a small angle with the horizon. The colour of the interior of the stone is of ti light ash-grey, and very uniform, except that it is sprinkled throughout with thou sands of brilliant spots of metallic iron, having very nearly the colour and lustre of polished silver. The iron is rarely in points larger than a small pin's head, but the points are so numerous that nearly the whole' of the powder of the atone is taken up by the mag net, even when it is in fine dust, and by a magnifier the little points of iron can even then be seen standing out from the magnet. It greatly resem bles the Tenessee meteorite. It has the usual black crust on certain parts, and this, although re-1 sembling a semi-fused substance, exhibits bright metallic spots when a file is drawn across it. A similar black crust is seen pervading the stone in some places through its interior, and forming, where it is seen in a cross fracture, black lines or veins. The stone is full of semi fused black points and ridges similar to the crust, and its en tire mass seems half vitrified in points, so as to resemble an imperfect glass. The specific gravity is 3.37. THUNDER-STOTIMS IN Fa.% xc e.—The Count de Triston has made observations on the direction of the thunder-storms which have devastated the department of the Lorich for the last sixteen years. The following general inferences have been made by him, respecting the progress and in- 1 tensity of thunder-storms in plain countries, inter sected by shallow valleys. Thunder-storms fall on forests. When one arrives at a forest, if it be ob liquely, it glides along it; if directly, or if the fo rest be narrow, it is turned from its direction ; if' the forest be broad, the tempest may be totally arrested. Whenever a forest, being in the path of :a thunder-storm, tends to turn it aside, the velocity of the storm seems retarded, and its in tensity is augmented. A thunder-cloud, which is arrested by a forest, exhausts itself along it, or, if it pass over, is greatly weakened. When a large river or valley is nearly parallel to the course of a thunder -storm. tho latter follows its direction; but the approach of a wood, or the somewhat abrupt turn of the river or valley, makes it pass off. A thunder-cloud affects another which is at no great distance, and causes it to deviate from its course, and the action is reciprocal. When there is an affluent cloud, which was committing ravages, it sometimes suspends them on approach ing the principal mass, which is perhaps a conse quence of the acceleratioon of its course ; but after the union the evil generally increases. Twenty one thunder storms, whose course has been dis tinctly traced, have extended from N.N.W. to S.S.W. No destructive thunder-storm has come from any other points of the horizon. POPULATION OF ROME. —The Diario di Roma has published the following statement of the popu lation of Rome, during the twelve months which elapsed between Easter 18'29 and Easter 1830: listieh churches, 64; families ' 34,806 ; bishops, 30; rims, 1,455 ; monks and friars, 1,986 ; nuns, 1,386 ; se minarists and collegians, 500; heretics, Turks and infidels, exclusively of Jews, 20,6; males, 77,475 ; females, 69,810; total population, 147.385. A NEw M ETA E.—Mr. Dulong read, on the 7th of February last, to the French Institute, a letter from Derzelius, which announces the discovery of a new simple substance by Mr. Sestrom , director of the mines of Fahlun in Dalecarlia. trout being engaged in examining an iron remark able for its softness, discovered in it a substance, which appeared to him to be new, but in such small quantity, that he could not determine with accuracy all its properties. Afterwards, however, he found it more abundantly in the ecorim of the iron, and was thus enabled to prove that the sub stance in question was a new metal, to which he gives the mime Vanadium, after an ancient Scan dinavian deity. We have had communicated to us the following additional notice. Humboldt pre sented to the Institute specimens of Vanadium, the new metal recently discovered in the iron of Esterholm by Mr. Sestrom, and which also exists in Mexico in a brown ore of lead of Zimapan. M. del Rio. Professor in the School of Mines of Mexico, had extracted from that ore a substance, which, to his apprehension, resembled a new me tal, to which he gave the name of Erythrunium. But since the discovery of Sestrom was known to Voller, he, struck with the resemblances which exist between the properties of Vanadium and that which the Mexican chemist attributes to his ery thronium, has repeated the analysis of the brown ore of lead of Zimapan, and from which he has ob tained a simple body perfectly identical with that of the iron ore of d'Eaterholm. STEAM ENGINES.-It has been ascertained with some degree of certainty, that there now in this country not less than 15,000 steam engines at work, some of almost incredible power; in Corn wall there is one of 1000 horse power. Taking it for granted, that on an average these engines are each of 25 horse power, this would be equal to 37.5,000 horses. According to Mr. Watt's calcu lation, .5i men are equal to the power of a horse; we have thus, therefore, a power, through the me dium of steam engines, equal to near two millions of men. Each horse for his keep per year re quires the produce of two acres of land, and thus 750,000 acres are at the disposal of the inhabi tants of Great Britain, more than if the same work, which is now dune by steam, had to be per formed by horses. DIEPPE.—It is considered likely that the ex- Emperor and Empress of Brazil may shortly pay us a visit, as the Emperor's sister, the Marchioness of Louie, who was here about three years ago, was delighted with the place. Lady Granville, with her family and suite, arrived on Friday, as did also Lord Monson. They have since taken a house for the bathing-season. The Duke of Devonshire is expected next week, to pus a short time with his relative, Lady Granville. .r , • , , I' 1! i . 11 1 I I i t I,' , I 1 I / ' 1 I . 1 i ' ' I I i common kn what like h the atone it exhibited a The stone, pearatice ot plication of PANORAMA OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE. STAFFORDSHIRE MERCURY, hmE.lB. On Wednesday the lit inst. as some labourers were get- 1 ting gravel out o f th e b e d o f the Jiver Dove, below the l bridge at Tutbury, they threw out along with it a few sil ver coins, which they picked up, and continued to pick up others till they desisted working on Saturday, when about' two hundred had been obtained, of the coinage chiefly of Edward I. and Alexander 111. of Scotland. No particular notice was taken of the affair. and the men commenced work as usual on Monday ; butduting the day they found seve ral thousands of similar coins ; and on the afternoon of Tuesday, the number became so great that the men devoted, their attention wholly to the spot where most had been ob tained, and soon were joined by hundreds of both sexes and all ages, eager to participate in the advantages of the re search. Wednesday proved the most productive ; and on that day, about thirty yards below the bridge, near the Der• byshire side of the river, and from two to four feet below the surface, so plentiful was the store, that one shovel full of gravel contained one hundred and fifty, and a common sized riddle three hundred; two persons collected about five thou sand, and at least fifty thousand were found by the whole party on that day—about three hundred persons being in the water at one time, and many hundreds on the banks, as spectators or purchasers. On Thursday a less number was found, yet amply adequate to remunerate the parties for their trouble. On Friday and on Saturday the search was continued, and some men went up to their necks in the water searching for the treasure , the number found on Sa. turday night being about one hundred thousand ! On Mon day the river was again entered by about four hundred per sons, and some found fifty, others one hundred and fifty coins each. On Tuesday many hundreds more of the coins were found, and the search continues. The coins are without dates, but the greatest numbers are' of Edward I. of England, and Alexander 111. of Scotland., One was found of William 111. Possibly this is a mistake, for we usually meet with Willi a m and Mary ; and if this be carefully examined, it mas prove a Rufus. Two of Ro bert, two of Stephen, and one of Henry 111. with many Scotch and Irish coins. The place of the Mint is on each ; and London, Canterbury, York, Durham, Newcastle. Lin-1 coin, Exeter, Bristol, Ilury St. Edmond's, Dublin, Water. ford, Cork, &c. are on the entire coins. The price at first was six shillings the hundred, but has risen through all the scale to 20s. or 4a. Gd. to ss. Bd. per ounce avoirdupoise. A brass spur, and an embossed and engraved gold ring were also discovered in the gravel. The conjecture is, that the coin was bidden, not below the bed of the river, as now found, but in the ground near the banks, and that the river has encroached so much as to now over the spot ; ur that its course has been for some purpose diverted from what it was formerly. Probably the removal of the upper layer of gravel might supply a further hoard. Tux TURN-OUT Or Coweas.—The disputes between the coal proprietors and the pitmen of the North of Staf fordshire are now nearly at an end ; a great proportion of the latter having declared off the Uuion, and resumed work; though there arc still some large concerns only partially re-opened. There appears a little soreness on both sides, but we hope this will soon be made to cease by the masters and the men dealing fairly and honourably with each other. The "turn-outs" from Lane. End assembled in great num. hers on Wednesday, in the neighbourhood of Burslem, and showed evident signs of a disposition to use violence towards the men who were working at Mr. Williamson's pits, but through the firmness of Hugh Booth, Esq., the magistrate, who went amongst them, they were induced to disperse without committing any act of violence. On Fs iday, the 19th instant, Edmund Peel, Esq one of the successtul candidates for representing the borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme, gave a dinner at the Roe-Buck Hotel, to Isis friends ; his health, at the time of the election, having been in too precarious a state to bear this exertions of such a festive scene. A patent has lately been granted to Mr. Witty, for an improved steam engine, which has been his study for many years, and which is considered by the patentee as the acme of his mechanical inventions. We have no doubt that Mr. Witty will extend his reputation as a man of scientific at tainments, by the introduction of this engine, a short de. scription of which may not be uninteresting to our readers : —lt has three workinwcylinders, one end of each being open to the atmosphere. The cylinders are placed horizontally, and the re-action of steam on the end of each being applied parallel with the road, whether level or ascending propels the carriage in any direction that it may be placed. In the application of this patine engine to steam vessels its *dean tages are great, and must be obvious to every practical en. &neer. The machinery is not half so complicated as the present mode, nor the weight or cost of the engines one-third of those now in use, which is a most important feature ; be. sides the usual application of the power to the paddles wheels, it le also used at the ends of the cylinders placed horizontally, with the open ends pointing to the stern of the verse): when the steam is admitted into the cylinders, it presses powerfully on the end, and impels the piston that is connected with the crank on which the paddle wheel is fixed, turning it in the usual direction, while the pressure of the steam on the end of the cylinder propels the vessel in the most simple and powerful manner. In its application to lo: comotive engines for rail roads,it will give the long required effect of raising on inclined planes ; the resaetion forcing the body In an ascending and parallel line with the carriages, while a crank turns the hind wheels—this mode being quite opposite to Mr. Gurney's plan. To steam coaches the dif ficulty of ascending hills will be overcome by this patent; and no doubt steam carriages on the common road will very soon be generally adopted. STONE MARKET, TUESDAY, JUNE 14.—Wheat, 10s to 10. lid ; Oats, 4s 1041 to :is 4d ; Barley, to —; Beans, 7s 6d to fis. DIED.—Mrs. Bonen, of Moss Hall, near Endon..— Mrs. Massy, 70, of Newcastle.—At Burton-upon-Trent, 70, Joseph Pyeroft, Esq.—The Rev. William Driser,6ll, of Albion-place, Shelton. LEICESTER CHRONICE, JUNE 18. we last week noticed the population of aU the parishes in this town, eseept St. Margaret's, which is u follows : Males, 11,753; females, 12,195—t0ta1, 23,954. The whole population of the town is now 39, 304—between 3 and 4000 more than in 1821. Roger Greisley, hart. having offered himself as a candidate for the county of Derby, on the next dissolution of Parliament, Sir George Crewe, bart. has also publicly announced that he shall be a candidate for the same county, at the same period. Both offer themselves on the independent interest, in the exp ectat ion that four members , will be returned for that county, instead of two, after the reform bill shall have passed into a law. FATAL TRUNDZIL SToax--At seven o'clock on Wed. nesday evening , a thunder storm passed over Mansfield, l and although of short duration, (not more than 20 minutes) its effects were awful ; indeed it operated upon the whole town similar to the shock of an earthquake A young wo man, 20 years old, daughter of William Lowe, framework. knitter, in Bancroft.lane, working in an upper room, with her father, in a frame, was killed on the spot; the father was much injured by the lightning, and in his fright and haste to get down stairs, hurt himself seriously. A poor I girl, eight years old, daughter of Robert Slack , (who re. sides next door to Lowe), was instantaneously killed ; the father war in another room, the mother, who was nursing an infant near the spot where the other unfortunate child was stricken, had her shoes much scorched, but herself and the infant escaped further injury. In the Lawn, not far distant from Bancroft.lane, and in the same quarter of the town, the electric fluid knocked down a poor woman named Beech, who was setting a pantheon out at the door, and injured her much, at the s ame time li tera ll y d as hi ng t h e vessel to pieces. Her husband, who is an invalid, happened to be down stairs, or he must have fallen a victim to the destructive ele ment, as the bed on which he rests was set on fire, and would have been completely consumed, had it not been for the laudable promptness of some neighbours. Near this situation, the dwelling of a Widow Rickards, (which was closed) became a sacrifice, as the interior was comparatively torn to pieces, and had the family been within, in all human probability some of them would have lost their liver. A person named Mayfield, had one of his shoes considerably , burned, and the foot hurt. More houses in that pert of the town sustained trifling injury. Statement of the cost price of the material that gas is made of, by Mr. James Down. Cost price of the coal at 15s. per ton. Two hundred weight of coals at ficl. put into the re. a. d. tort, will produce 1,000 cubic feet of gas .. 1 I Half a hundred weight of coals consumed in furnace 0 41 chime ... 0 011 1 11 ... 1 6 The coke will produce The above is on a scale fur large mammas where two or more retorts are In constant work. The following calcula tion is for lees eonsumers : Two cwt. of coals, at 9d. put Into the retort, will s. d. produce 1.000 cubic feet of gas .. .. 1 6 Three. reefs cwt of coals consumed in the furnace 0 61 Charcal-. •. . 0 01 2 11 .. .. 1 6 The coke will produce U n LEscrsTra.—Wheat 72s 4d. Barley 435. Oats 29s Id. Beans 43s bd. Peas 40s. Fine Flour 54s to 565. Standard Wheaten 53s to 545. Household 50s to 525. Qeartern Loaf. Wheaten 10d. Ditto Household 9d. MARRIED.—:At Oadby, Mr. Thomas Corah, to Eliza. betb, second daughter of Mr. IL Crosher. DIED.—The Rev. Wm. Holmes, Rector of Noonan. ton on Soar, 80.—At Castle Donington, Mr. (i. N e wbold, 87.—The Rev. W. Allard, twenty years Minima of the Unitarian Congregation at Bury.—At Longbrldge, War wick, Ann, wife of J. Russell, Esq. banker, of Warwick, aged 47. WHEELER'S MANCHESTER CHRONICLE, Juw 18. BOLTON AND LEIGH RAILIVAY.OII Monday the Bolton and Leigh Railway was opened for the conveyance of passengers from this town to Liverpool, when two elegant carriages, styled " the Elephant" and t. the Castle," were well filled with passengers, and were towed by Mr. Hicks' small engine called the Union. It left the coach-office in' Great Moor-street at six minutes before seven o'clock, and arrived at the station in Liverpool at forty-one minutes past eight o'clock, thus completing the first public trip in one hour and forty-seven minutes. On its return with the same carriages it traversed the ground (which is twenty. eight miles) in one hour and forty-four nainutes. In the afternoon it again performed the same journey in about the same time. The goVelity of the scene to the great body of Boltonians attracted large crowds of persons, and in the af ternoon and evening from the summit of the inclined plane into the town was lined with spectators ; and though there appeared some danger of the caniages being obstructed, yet we are happy to state that the cr.gine and trail, reached their destination without the slightest accident. The same routine, of trips has since continued daily, and the coaches have been well filled with passengers. Some alarm had been felt lest in ascending and descending the inclined planes, which are very steep on this line, the engine should lose her I power over the carriages ; but as the apparatus connected with the stationary engine is attached to the locomotive en gine and the carriages, the same as before when the locomo tive engine was not us ed in the inclined planes, the possibi lity of an accident is thus avoided. On Monday evening an affair of a very serious nature, attended with loss of life, cc curred with the Dreadneught engine, which had towed seve. ral coal waggons into the town. It had usually been left near the stationary engine at the top of the inclined plane at the Bolton end, but in this instance it descended with its carriages, for the purpose of undergoing some slight repairs at the Union Foundry. After being detached from the wag. gone at the depot. several men and boys very imprudently , jumped upon it and clung round it, and when it arrived at that part of the line near 'Alessi... Ormrod and Ilardeastlea factory the plug whieh'secures the turning table had been removed by some personsond the rails not being in a parallel line, the tender was unfortunately thrown off with great vio lence, and ran along the road for about twelve yards, when it came in contact with a stone s all, and jammed two men against it so fast, that the wall was obliged to be taken down to extricate them. A troy, about sixteen years of age, nam ed Phethan, in jumping off' the tender at the time of the shock, reztived a very severe blow over the stomach, which caused his death in half an hour. A splendid dinner was given yesterday evening, in the Ex change-room, to the right hon. Lord starley and John Wil son Patten Esq. by the committee of calico-pintas, mer chants and manufacturers, in grateful acknowledgment of the services rendered by his lordship and the late county member, in the successful attempt to obtain a repeal of the duty on printed calicoes. A numerous and hi g hly , respecta ble company, comprising about 150 gentlemen, assembled on the occasion. The chair was occupied by Thos. Sharp, Esq. on the right sat Lord Stanley and James Norris, Esq. and on his left Mr. Wilson Patten, James Burt, Esq. the Boroughreeve of Manchester, J. F. Foster, E.sq. William Grant, Esq. and Tbos. Birtles, Esq. one of the Constables. Samuel Fletcher, Esq. Charles Bindle), Esq. and Price, Esq. officiated at Vice-Presidents. Classification of Inhabitants of Manchester ; Number of males of 20 years of age and upwards 33,655 Labourers employed in agriculture .. ... 63 Male persons employed in manufactures, or in mak ing machinery ... ... .. ••• 11,797 Male persons employed in retail trade or in handicraft, as masters or workmen .. ... ... 14,298 Wholesale merchants, capitaliatata, bankers, profes sional persons, clerks, sad other educated men ... 2,002 Labourers employed by the three preceding classes, and in other labour not agtiealtural .. ... 6,001 All other males 20 years old (except servants), including retired tradesmen. superannuated la bourers, and persons diseased or disabled in body or mind ... ... .. 1,255 • • Male servants above 20 .. 235 Ditto under 20 ... ... ... 110— 345 Female servants ... ... ... .. 2.978 Towirsiup or A anwicx—ln 1821 the population of this place amounted to 3629; in 1831, males, 2961 ; fe males, 2963—t0tal 5524. Increase, 1993. 1 TOWNSHIP OF CHOHLTON Row.—lnhabited houses, 3912 ; empty ditto, 55; families, 4735 ; males, 9304 ; fe- 1 shales, 11265; making a total of 20569 persons. The in• crease, 12679. . Tow wimp or P*EsrwlCL—The population returns for 1831 is as follows ..—Males, 1502 ; females, 14:19 Total, 2941. Inc rease of 226. _ __ Bunt.—ln 1821 the census return was 1338; it is now 15880: consequently an increase of 5277. OLDwast.—By the new census, the population of the township of Oldham amonnts to 32492. An increase of 10830. AIIIITON.—The population of Ashton in 1821 wu 9222: it is now 14673 . D ependencies in 1821, 26000: In MI it is 33597. The total increase is 13048. BLlCLacm.—lnhabited houses, 477; number of fami lies, 482 : males, 1317 ; females, 1274. Total, 2391. Wioax.—lnhabited houses, 3870; number of families, 3988: males, 9948 ; females, 10828. Total, 20774. In crease, 3058. MANCHESTER CHRONICLE, Jinn 18. LEEDs AND MANCIINSTER RAILWAY,-.A meeting of the directors of the Leeds and Manchester Railway Corn.. pany was held in this town on Wednesday se'nnight ; at which it was resolved to proceed with the bill for the road from Manchester to Sowerby-bridge In the approaching Sr.. sion of Parliament. A report was submitted by Mr. Ste. mason, the engineer, on the subject of extension of the line from Sowerby-bridge, near Halifax, to Leeds. This report comprehend the survey of two lines ; one by the way of Brighouse, Batley and Morley, to Leeds ; and the other along the vale of the Calder by Brighouse, Dewsbury and Wakefield to the same termination. The advantage of the Batley line is, that it would be coasiderably shorter, at least eight miles, than by Dewsbury and Wakefield; but the country In that direction is less favourable for the working of loco-motive engines, and owing to the elevation of that part of the country, at least four miles of road must be worked by stationary engines: The morn. mendation of the other line, is, that it would take in the im portant towns of Dewsbury and Wakefield : and that, the ...motive engines would travel all the way between Man chester and Leeds, with the aid of a tunnel 6 or 700 yards in length, near Bothwell. Mr. Stephenson's survey able., showed how a communication might easily be made, by branches from the trunk railway to Halifax and to Hudders field. The estimated expenses of the whole distance between Manchester and Leeds by the vale of Todmorden ' through which this railway passes, is from 7 to 800,000 L and what completed by the branches, the expense of which is not taken into this estimate, a railway communication would be, established from Blanchester, to the irnpartanttowns of Mid dleton Rochdale, Todmorden, Halifax, Huddersfield, Dewsbury, Wakefield and Leeds, which, by the aid of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway already made to the West, and the Leeds and Selby Railway now constructing , to the East, would form a direct communication between the Ouse and the Mersey. RADICAL Vaossixs.—Few of out Readers are perhaps . aware that the town of Manchester Is honoured by the ex. lama, among its other public bodies, of two, rediesi so cieties. or " Political Unints.'s Both.uspciations advocate. the theories of radicalism. It appears that the Reform Bill does not satisfy " the Political Clapp ortheyoriting cissees." On Saturday they.caused placards to be exhibited on the sanousteing Ass F i re meeting would be held on Monday in St. Peter's to " caokidm Abiknoptioa of, forwarding an Address congiatulatioa to his !dainty, for disiodriag this hag Parliament, and. to petition the new Par- I Hamm for se re! en et the 440, telphile, tgt *O9ll damn of the nation's wealth, on the same footing an *lrk% it has been practised by the ancient borough of Preston. Also to consider the propriety of forwarding the atitir,ss and petition by deputation of the working classes" Sroicitrowr POLITICAL I UNIO/L—A meeting of the subscribers to a fund for defraying the expences of a dt puts. tion to London, with petitions to both houses of parliament eveninguniversalwhen two last,sdueff le ra hj e e t t ee, be an t S d n i and an address to the King, praying for annual parliament,, ee te tperey k , l n ball ßene j uf t, m, took place on Illonda) tin. Johnthe FCiheuhrcethgla,itne.. ncy and Mr. Joseph Harrison, were selected for that mission. ASHTON - UNDER-LYN& - The deputation which left Ashton last week for the purpose of laying before ministers, in London, the strong claim which their town possesses to a share in the representation, have returned. The gentlemen met with a very favourable reception, and it is considered more than probable that the inhabitants will have the honout of returning a member to the House of Commons. SINGI'LAR Occuaaexca—On Tuesday, as a young gentleman named Thompson, from Raeden, was riding ot. horseback down Swan-street ' Leeds, his hor se s h ye d at t waggon, and he consequentlydismounted. A few moment, afterwards the animal bolted into the kitchen of Mr.:Rai:ale. the spirit-merchant, through which it passed into the dining room, and in the excess of its fright it broke the window, and every chair in the room but one to pieces, tore the valu. able carpet literally to rags, and did other damage to tits amount of between 201 and 301. Aarrnstrric.--Mr. Whytock, of Glasgow, has giv..n a lecture at Birmingham, for the purpose of explaining some extraordinary properties of numbers which he has dis. covered, by which a multiplicand of 20 places of figures (GI a greater number, if required) with a multiplier of 10 or F.: figures, may be answered correctly in half a minute. The same operation can be performed, with nearly equal facility, in division, addition and subtraction; but the advantages of the discovery are more apparent in multiplication and di vision. The plan employed is to draw a circle, round which certain figures are written at regular distances, but within and without it. The answers to all questions are composed of the outside figures, in the order in which they stand. A very short operation of the mind Is ne cessary previous to answering any sum proposed, by which a key is found showing at what part of the circle the figures begin. This magic circle, as it may be justly called, can never be lost, for it may be obtained at any time by the principle of the recurring decimal. MA lIRIED.—At Bowdon, Mr. J. Holland, of Altrin cham, to Sarah, only daughter of the late S. Hardey, Esti —At iVolverham tan, Mr. Bennett, to Ann, only daughter of H. Roger., z . —At Worcester, Mr. R. CAlier, to Mary, daughter of th e late J. Boulcott, E q . DIED.-87, Thomas Whittaker, F.sq. of Ardwick Green. —Ann, wife of Mr. John G oo di er , j un . o f M o d e Wheel.... e At Rochdale, 26, Mr. William Heminway t!isholetield.- 51, Mr. William Twemlow, of Salford.-42, Mr. J ame , Askew, of Lancaster.—At Wighill Park, Lady Miry Yotk, wife of Richard York, Esq. sister of the Earl of Harewwd. --RR, Mr. Duncan 111‘Viccar, merchant of long standing :n Liverpool.—At Shore Edge, 36, Mr. James Mills, of il'otid, Saddleworth.— Charlotte, wife of Mr. Charles Hlgginbet. ham, of Macclesfield, 52. POLICE REPORTS. V tuntat.L.—MariinShuis;rier, the Frenchman charge', with having attempted to assassinate his master (also a Frenchman) on the stairs within the dome of St. Paul's Ca. thedral, was brought tip again yesterday, in order that be might be liberated, agreeably to the suggestion of Mr. Al. derman Ansky, as stated in our last; but Mr. Alderman WINCHEITEII (.he Sitting Magistrate yesterday), haring heard the evidence read over, ordered the prisoner to be de tained until the Sessions. WORSNIP-STREET.—BRUTAL assumr.—Yesterday Jo seph Marsden, a stout, middle-aged man, was charged be fore Messrs. TATFOID and BENNETT with assaulting George Gallois, a man of dlininitive stature. It appeared in evidence that the parties are both dyers, employed in the same manufactory, and that on Tuesday, in consequence of a dispute having arisen about a trifling wager of 2d, the prisoner threatened to throw the coin. plainant out of the window unless he was paid ; the latter refusing to do so, the prisorer deliberately took him in his arms and actually threw him into a vat nearly full of liquid, composed of indigo, copperas, lime, &c. where he was in. stantly surrounded by the other workmen of the factory, who, Instead of getting him out, stood lau g hin g a t him. Van, one of the officers, having inquired into the nature of the assault, said it was a miracle that the man had escaped with his life, the vat being nine feet In depth. As it was. a quantity of the liquid got down his throat. Complainant.—Your Worships, I have been espeeterst ing blood, more or less, ever since. Ile threw me into the vat, like a dog into a river. I think he was instigated to do it by the other workmen. • Prisoner (quite unconeerned).—Your Worships, we had been drinking together. I had no wish to hurt the met any spite against him. I merely chuck'd him in,as it were. Mr. Twrroan suggested that they should make it up by talking together. Mr. BEN NETT..—They can't make it up. It is a most atrocious case, and merits a severe fine. The prisoner, in consideration of having a large family to support, was fined in the mitigated penalty of Ws. or, in default of payment, one month's imprisonment. Committed. MAILLHOILOCGH-DTEEET.—Nr. Harrison, of Wardour. street, again appeared before the Magistrates, for the pur. pose of communicating the particulars of the arrest of William Wheatley alias Walker, who is in custody at Ems, a city in the Grand Duchy of Nassau, and concerting measures for the safe conveyance of that notorious character to this country, he having been deta'ned at the suit of the innkeeper, to whom he was indebted a very considerab'a sum. Mr. Harrison said he now found that it was necessary that the warrant for forgery, which was granted in Jam. ary, must be backed by the Lord Chief Justice, to enable the German authorities to deliv.r Wheatley over to the English civil power. The magistrates repeated that any aid they could bestow to enable Mr. Harrison to bring Wheatley to this country. they would cheerfully afford, and Mr. Harrison, who ha. made such strenuous efforts to apprehend Wheatley, thcr. withdrew to the Clerk's office. THAMES POLICE.-It will be recollected that a person named Brinell came to this office about a fortnight ago. at d stated to the magistrates that one Thomas Elliott, fotmetir Quarter-master of the Sit David Scott, East Indianian, bad been murdered on board that ressel when off Canton, in the year 182 h, by sonic of the officers haring confined hint and another seaman all night in the . spirit room without Wr. that Elliott was suffocated and brought out dead the hest morning. The magistrates, in consequence of Ilumell'a inforntation. have instigated the fullest inquiry into the circumvent - v. and yesterday the Investigation finally closed iv the coirphte refutation of flussell'a story. It appeared by the evidence of a number of Officers an.! seamen belonging to the ship, that the deceased was a con. firmed drunkard, ami that his death was mused, not by su:- focation for want of air, but by large draughts of brandy, which bad inadvertently and unfortunately been left within his teach. BIRTHS. The 22d lost. in Slone-street, lady of E. M'Maltor. Esq. of ■ son.—The 22d inst. at Camberwell, Mts. Ave. Hoe, of a daughter. MARRIED. The 231 inst. at Greenwich, J. S. Newbon, of Great Carte...lane, Doctor's-commons, solicitor, to Anse, younge' ,daughter of T. Brakelbank, Esq. of Westcombe Part. Greenwich, Kent.—.The'2lst inst. at Cranley, near Guth!. ,ford, the Rev. D. B. Baker, to Frances Marls, sear:. daughter of the Rev. R. B. Wolfe, rector of the said psruh of Cranley.—The 23d inst. at Christ Church, Surrey, 31t. H. G. Bohp, of York -street, Corent.garden. to Elisabeth Lamb, only child of W. Elimpkio, late of Stationers'-hall. court, Ludgate street.—The 224 inst. at Sutton, Ide et Ely, Cambridgeshire, Mr. C. Muriel, surgeon, 'St. TlO mass-street, Southwark, to Mary, second daughter of J Vipan, Esq. of the former place. - Sunday,ln consequence of a fatal accident. Rev. W.Faossat D. D. minister of Brunsfrick Chapel, and late rector of CO tle Rising, Norfolk.—The 21st Instant, Anna. the steor. , daughter, of B. Johnstone. of Honger-lane, Tottenham.— The 21st inst. in the 70th year of his age, Henry Rol'. Bog. of Sussex Farm, Burnham, Norfolk ; and on the pr..- ceding days ba hie twifc4 egad 66,—Yesterday, at Tot. tenham, in the 25th year of her age, Louisa, youngest daughter of the late Rev. W. iShaw.—Thc 21st inst. al ellive-koVlet Cheltenham, J. W..Paston, Esq. of the Her East India Company'i civil service, on the Bengal establish• mint, agrd4l.—•The 21st last: at Warmed, Essex, Reber- Cis chin; dauglug of ilis lots J. Paris, Esq. Looraoi: Pliseeilinieablished by JoRK 31Arv. tht 614* Urrisg, No. 1, Pickett:Ow, Mg& Bile