Star. — London, England, 1821-08-03 00:00:00

_Zet/1,./ i • be *A° A4 ‘ t W.ke • . 4 (9 1 ,414Ay-tGe' . • f i t - • Jwit 10.748. DR. DAVY'S TRAVELS IN CEYLON. This day was published, in 4to. with Engravings, £5 13s. 6d. bds. AN ACCOUNT of the INTERIOR of CEYLON, and of its INHABITANTS, with Travels in that Island. By JOHN DAVY, M.D. F.R.S. Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Otme, and Brown, London. TILE LAST VOYAGE TO THE ARCTIC REGIONS. This day was published, The Fourth Edition, in One Volume, svo. with Maps, ice. price 12s. AJOURNAL of a VOYAGE of DISCOVERY to the ARCTIC REGIONS, in his Majesty's Ships Heels and Griper, under the Command of Captain Peasx. By ALEXANDER FISHER, Esq. Surgeon to tho Heels. Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London. MANNERS, CUSTOMS, &c. of AMERICA. - This day was published, in octavo, price 13s. boards, 'VIEWS of AMERICA, in a Series of Letters from V that Country to a Friend in England, during 1818, 19, and 13y an ENGLISHWOMAN. Printed for Longm4n, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, London. Of whom may be had, Sketches of India, by a Traveller, for Fire-side Travellers at Home, 10s. 6d. NiIIIGNAL EDUCATION. TO TIIE EDITOR or THE STAR. Kelvinbank, 224 March, 1821: This day was published, price 55.6 d. • THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL of FOREIGN MEDICINE and SI.TTIGEItY, and of the SCIENCES connected with them, No. XL CONTENTS:-I. Orfila's Lectures on Poisons.—ll. Flajani's Surgical Observations and Reflections.—Hl. Scrres on Apo plezy.—lV. Proposals for obviating incontinence of Urine in Women after Litbotomy, by Dr. Samson.—V. Cases of Litho tinny which occurred in the Hospitals at Paris, &c.—V I. Cases and Observations on Purpura, by Dr. Marquett, of Magdeburg, and Dr. Struve, of Elmshorn.—V 11. Madame Lachapelle's Tractice of 3lidwifery.—V I l I. Medical Researches on Vapour and Um Bath', and on Fumigations, &cc. by Dr. Assalini, of Naples.—T X. Breschet and Barruel on Chronic Hydrocephalus.' N. Bolzano on the Diagnosis of Phthisis.—X I. Au Account of the Climate of Nice, by Dr. Richelmi, of that town.—Xll. Professor Lobstein's Account of the Anatomical Museum of Strasbourg.—Analecta, containing a variety of interesting and curious cases, &c. Quarterly List of New Foreign Publications. London: l'rinted for John Anderson, Medical Bookseller, 40, West Smithfield. • Sta—The following Letter has been addressed to me, by Dr. Ileaav GUEY ISPNan, Physician to his lamented Royal IlighT ness the late Duke of KENT, &c. As the Doctor, among other humane objects, has long directed his attention to the principles of National Education, it might be doing essential service to the important cause, to give publicity, through the channel of your Paper, to th i C sentiments of a highly cultivated and humane mind, and is so deeply interesting to a tiling generation. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, WILLIAM RAE WILSON. Je,t published, price ASLAP at SLOP and the BRIDGE-STREET GANG. With the I.IFEof DOCTOR SLOP, and the ORIGIN of the GANG. JACthe AUTHOR of the POLITICAL HOUSE that K BUILT. With 27 Cots, by Mr. George Cruikshank, viz.-1. Sublcrlp don Vessel-2. Bridge-street Sweeper-5. Ilia Marking Brush 4. The Tenth, or King's Own-5. The Gang Arms-6. Fe rocity-7. Topsy-Curry-8. Indian Juggler-9. Peterloo 3lonu wient-10. I'eterloo Medal-11. Jack Ketch's Mark-12. Slop's atchoo ('lock-15. Red-hot Slop--14. The Rat's Reflection -15. A Nondescript-16. Bridge.btrect Gang at Work-17. Devil on Two Sticks--18. Dr. Slop's Obscenity-11. Universal Safety Lamp-20. Pray remember the Grotto !-21. The Pott Lau reate and Glorious Apallo--22. Jack in the Green--23. London Bridge and the Borough Arches-24. Constitutional Bridge-25. The Triangle-26. Emptying the Slop Pail-27. The Paw. Printed for \Valiant Hone, 45, Ludgate-hilL Just published, wrap a 6ne Portrait, A N ANALYSIS of the TALENTS and CIIA. nAcTKR of NA POLF.ON BONAPARTE. BY A GENERAL OFFICER. The Talents and Character of Bonaparte must be analysed to be understood. There is so much of the great and of the little, of the splendid and mean, of knowledge and ignorance, that no true idea can be formed front a vitt-al virtu; the various ta lents and traits of char tcter must he viewed and examined sepa rately, which is what is done in this Analysis. Bonaparte does not apir_•c:r to have been the greatest of the French Generals or State,men, but he united in himself a greater variety of talents than perhaps any man that ever existed, and these talents; exerted in troublesome times, with a perseverance, energy, and audacity, of which there is no example, led to the wonderful success of that extraordinary man. Published by W. Sams, Bookseller to his Royal Highness the Duke of York, 1, St. Jamcs's-street. Paris, Ist March, DM. My dear Sir—T received all your letters with regard to the subject of Education, and would observe, that of all obligations imposed upon Governments, that of securing to their subjects the means of knowing their relations, and of performing the varied and respective duties they owe to their Gov, Prince, Govern ment, Superiors, Equals, and Inferiors, is the most important, ne cessary, and sacred. Without this knowledge, society is either stale, flat, and unprofitable, or turbulent, anti-social, and wretched. Now, Sir, man badly trained and instructed, is of all animals the most disorderly and wicked. Duly educated, he is of all created beings the most docile and tractable. The causes of l these effects, when fairly presented, are evident. The strength and perfection of individuals and of nations depend upon their harmony. To promote the order and perfection of the magnificent and complicated machinery of society, mankind must, by training and instruction, acquire a 'practical know ledge of the relations they have with their Goo and fellow creatures. Hence it is, that Society is the great School of Man. Rational beings deprived' of mutual communication arc below the level of the beasts of the field. The improvement and hap piness of the bulk of mankind depend upon cultivating the social affections. Their wretchedness and misery are produced by anti social laws, usages, and passions. Deprived of social intercourse, their rational powers and faculties are inactive and dormant. PORT OF POOLE. FOR SA I.E By AUCTION, At the Custom-I louse in this Port, DO THURSDAY next, the 9th of August, 1221, at Three o'Clock in the Afternoon, 1 rill-IE GOODS UNDER-MENTIONED, which have been seized and legally condemned in his Ma jLatl% Court of Exchequer, viz. :4 Gallons of Brandy 31 Ditto Geneva 1 Bottle of rapers One 11-inch Cable, weighing about 30 cwt. 53 Pieces Round Wood, One Boat. FOR FNPORTATION : $ Yards Silk, 6 Silk handkerchiefs, 12 Packs Cards. DIETALNED FOR REING UNDERVALUED: 48 Mato. TOR VIE Dams, HAVINC RE , TAINED IX THE WAREHOUSE UrWARDS or TIIIME NOM Ils : 510 Batten Ends, Bundles Wood Hoops, I Jar containing 271hs. Cranberry Jam. After which will be SOLD, Sundry Masts, Oars, Sails, and other unserviceable Stores of Boats. The whole of the above may be seen by application at the Custom-houce,in office. hours. Whereas, in society, man is either improved or improving, cor rupted or corrupting others ; being, as Aristotle has long since re marked, an imitative animal, bad example operates most power fully upon him, and often against his will ; and even simple com munication, when evil, corrupts good manners. Since the memorable epoch of the revival of learning, an un bounded passion for speculative knowledge, has monopolized the attention of mankind. The justly celebrated Professor of Edin burgh, Dr. Gregory, has remarked, " That on the revival of " letters, the first ellhrts of mankind were naturally and in part " usefully employed in studying the works of the Ancients, in " translating them, and in commenting on them ; in explainirr , " all their sense and in justifying all their nonmose: for the ad * - " miration of the restorers of learning for every new.monument " of antiquity knew no bounds." To establish a system of Na. tional liducationohould the doctrines of revealed religion be made a part of it, in a country abounding with different reiigious sects and parties, is a measure equally impracticable as it is inimical to the most prncious spiritual rights of man. The acquisition of speculative knowledge at the expense of the social principle, which is one of the great corner stones on which the progressive improvement of society must be built, has produced the thorns and thistles of political and religious controversy, and has re duced the civilized world, possessing all the advantages of wealth and civil institutions, into a state of disorder and Wretchedness on the one hand, and luxury and vice on the other. Man plays a selfish game with man, and nations with nations. Had the Go vernments of Europe bestowed the hundredth part of this pro tecting care on the art of teaching mankind a practical knowledge of their relations with their (ion, Sovereign, Government, and fellow-creatures, which they have done in framing laws for the punishment of crimes, tae peace and order of Europe could not have been destroyed during the end of the last and the beginning of the nineteenth century, by an ambitious upstart and in-fated conqueror. Threatened with public evils of the most formidable nature—nations adopting unwisely anti-social and restrictive law on industry—and the bulk of mankind puzzled and perplexed to procure what Priovinsuce in his goodness furnishes to the beasts of the field and the fowls of the air—l queen the necessaries of life—mankind are now roused by these causes from an apathy which has hitherto impeded the progressive improvements of so ciety. A Lk itisk Senator, distinguished tor his superior talents, and by a generous and benevolent heart, has devoted, much to his honour, a large portion of his time, with a view of providing England with a national system of Education. It would be unjust, ungrateful, and ungenerous not to acknowledge the benefits which will probably be obtained by one of Mr. Brougham's Bills. With regard to the other, which has for its object more immediately the establishment of a national system of Education, embracing children of individuals of digirent religious sees mid parties, doubts may fairly be entertained respecting its utility. &fore I enter on this most unpleasant task of justifying this assertion, I beg leave to state the following incontrovertible truths : namely, parents and the spiritual teachers chosen by them, have the only legitimate right to direct the education of their children in revealed religion; but that it is the duty and privilege of Governments to furnish the children of their subjects with the means of acquiring a knowledge of the moral attributes of Gon, or in other words of natural religion. To be brief, I shall adopt the distinction of Mr. Locke. " Beason, he observe, is natural revelation whereby the Fining of LIGHT and the fountain of all goodness, communicated to mankind that portion of truth, which be has laid within the reach of their faculties. Revelation (he adds) is natural religion enlarged by a new set of discoveries, communicated by GOD immediately, which reason vouches the truth of, by the testimonies and proofs that they came from Gon, so that be who takes away reason to make way' for revelation puts out the light of both, and does much the same as if he would persuade a man to put out his eyes the bet ter to see the remote light of an invisible star by a telescope." The clause of the Bill which relates to revealed religion,. if car ried into execution, would evidently be a direct encroachment on one of the dearest and most precious rights of man. This is too evident to require further animadversion. Besides the Bill in question does not embrace the matter of education, and still less proper means and methods necessary in a system of national instruction acrd discipline. Analysis must be employed in order to furnish fixed points to set out from on this subject. The education of ratiohal and social beings has for its aim or sod s First, the improvement and happiness of mankind; Se cotay, its subject or matter; Thirdly, its means, methods, or instruments. Were the real importance (Mr. Owen has justly observed) of the manner of instruction, and the matter of it to be estimated by numbers, the former may be compared to one, and the latter to millions. Pacovinaircz has mast graciously granted to the rich and to the poor, to the learned and to the unlearned, not merely the desire of improvement and happiness, but what cannot be viewed with out admiration and gratitude, he has furnished the subjects or matter, and also the means and methods of national education. Ilene it may be truly said, " Goo is no respecter of persons."— The works of creation, including man placed as Lord or Steward of the universe, furnish the matter of education. In the interest ing and sublime description of the creation of the world in the Holy Scriptures, man is represented principally as a being of rc hrti mu Philosophers have dis c overed, that, in his situation, kninvltxl,o and virtue are relative. The unlettered peasant inclu sively, and the most enlightened philosopher, possess not absolute but only relative knowledge. To know the properties and magnitude of bodies, to know the relations and connection of numbers, to be acquainted with the effects of die action of err body on arm- GREAT NORFOLK ESTATE %ND MANORS, With a Noble Mansion, By Mr. WAKEFIELD, At Garraway's Coffee House, 'Change Alley, Cornhill, MoNuav, the lOtli of September, at Twelve o'Cloelt. Lot 1. rr 11E MANORS, or reputed MANORS, of L BUCKENII AM STBTON In CROXTON, and THETFO II D CUM HA ',WICK; extending over a large track of country, together with a noble Mansion called BUCKENII A M HOUSE, situated in an ancient Park of One Thousand Two Hundred and Fifty Acres, together with sundry Farms, consisting of Eight Thousand Nine Hundred Acres, rendering this Lot TEN THOUSAND ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY ACRES OF LAND, About 80 miles from London, and eight from the 130ROUG 11, Assize, and Market Town of THETFORD, in the Counties of Norfolk and Suffolk. This Lot forms one of the finest Sporting Properties in Eng hnd. The Park is finely ornamented by old Timber, and large sheets of Water, supplied by streams which run for many miles through the Estate. A Navigable Canal also runs from Thetford to Lynn, and a Chalybeate Spring has been lately discovered at Thetford, where a Pump-room is erected ; and there is great probability of vast value being added to the property adjoining the town, from this circumstance, at no very distant period. Lot t. The Advowson to the Alternate Presentation to the United Rectory of Langford cum lgburgb. Lot 3. A Farm, in the Parish of Ashill, near Watton, Three Hundred and Seventy Acres; in the occupation of Roger Jerry, at a Rent of £450. Lot 4. A Fano, in the Parish of Ashill, Two Hundred and 'Thirty Fight Acres; in the occupation of James Toler, let on Lease, for "350 per Annum. 1.4 x 5. A Farm, in the Parishes of A shill and Iloughton. let on Lease, with Lot 6, to Robert Miller and Son, being Four ll,pudred and Sixty One Acres, at £795 per Annum. Lot t;. Three Closes of Land, Thirty-Eight Acres, comprised In the Lease with Lot 5. Lot 7. The Manors of Uphall, Collards, and Gearnes, in Ashill, with its Q u it-rents, Fines, Rights, and Appurtenances; render log the Owner' A PER Elt at tae lit!;(;'s CORONATION. To be viewed by Tickets only, which may be had of Mr. Wakefield, Pall-Mall; and of Messrs. Few, Ashmore, and Hamilton ' Solicitors, Covent-Garden ; and Particulars had of them, and of Mr. Edward Fuwell, 'Mefferd ; of Messrs. Forster and Unthanke, Solicitors, Norwich; of John Brightwen, Esq. Banker, Yarmouth; of Timothy Holmes, Esq. Solicitor, Bury • Si. m o ad's ; of John Foremen, Esq. Solicitor, Harlow; of Thos. ball, Esq. Solicitor, Saffron Walden ; of Mr. Wakefield, Brook -street, Ipswich • of Thomas Gepp, Esq. Solicitor ; or M.sssrs. Mem and Chalk, Chrlnisfv . rd ltutliind Arms, N:wiu.trk,t; and at Carraw..y's. • FRIDAY, AUGUST 3, 1821. 1' '.!* I" ti, E.. tiler, their affinities and re-action, &c. is a knowledge neither as those of the poor and labouring classes ; th :t children and more nor less than relative. PROVIDENCE bath in his divine wit- youth who have been exclusively emidoyed in cultivating their memory and reasoning faculties, and whose animal appetites, dom drawn a veil over a knowledge of the essence of things. It is therefore on a principle of relations speculative knowledge is desires, and passions, have never been systematically made ph jests of discipline, win become good me inb.!rs of society, is an acquired, and the works of creation, even in the higher branches of education, as it is in national training and instruction, that a opinion evidently too absurd to deserve e serials, refutation. I would as readily believe that the mow-twists of the Atlanticknowledge of the matter or subject is secured. The works of . Ocean could be changed by a mechanic, or that the storms and Goa are, or should be, the basis of all science, virtue, and reli tempests in the atmosphere could be allayed by the weak arm of gion ; and the works of men possess merit only in proportion man, as Slut children can be trained up " in the way they as they are built thereon, and are in unison with those laws by which the Divot? BEING governs and directs the works of cr should go," without having been blessed with a regular system e ea. 1 tion. " Nature can be subdued only by obeying her laws. of discipline, to give a due direction to their physical, animal, (Bacon.)—Wisdom, Lord Shaftesbury has remarked, depends moral, and intellectual powers and bet:hies. Learning and more on the heart than on the head. The uffections and dispos i - knowledge mtee not be regarded us synonimous terms. Lord Lions of children, the habits they should acquire, depend upon Bacon carefully and almost constantly distinguished speculative cultivating the active powers and faculties. It is thus self-goer- from real knowledge. The former is barren of good fruit, the mgrsis acystirc'd, attention commanded, and curios ity gnoefied. latter implies the existence of harmony between the head and To accomplish these important objects, society and the works of the heart, and is evinced by signs and expressions friendly to Nature furnish the matter and means. The characters of children the happiness of man. must be formed in the society of children under the government The fundamental errors I have alluded to, consist in throwing of prudent women until they arrive at the age proper to cont- the improvement of children principally on reading and writing, mence artificial education. Habits of sub:mei:on and I &c. and neglecting as the most important object in the art of lelf government must be rendered a kind of second nature. The education, the art of training. The only trainers in modern will must be governed by the social efettuns, and children t i mes are d anc i ng - masters , an d certain individuals, if I may use the expression, schoolmasters to dogs, horses, cats, mice, rats, under eight or nine years of age must be trained before they can be usefully instructed. The works of Goo, for which they mans- and wild beasts. It i 3 admirable to see to what perfection they fest a strong predilection, are the volumes they should peruse.— have brought this ail. Would to Ilea ven the children of men Activity of body and curiosity are two of the strongest disposi- possessed the incalculable benefits of training them up in the way they should go ! Besides, to effect a salutary reformation, Lions in children. The latter, if duly indulged, is the great source women must be qualified to superintend the education of chit. of improvement and of pleasure. It renders learning interestin g to the scholar, and training delightful to the director. It secures dren under eight or nine years of age. It is the affectionate care attention, enlivens and invigorates the weak and delicate powers and winning address of women which inspire manly and virtu and faculties of children. It has its subjects which, by a law ous senti ments i n t h e g l ow i ng b rea e s of children. It is thus in nature, when duly presented, are conceived and relished by woman forms the dispositions, and tempers the moral character children, and without pain in examining and proving. These are of infants; for just as the twig is bent, the tr e e is inclined. the in fi nite variety of the expressions or signs of the operations Who can rival mothers in rearing in the minds of children send of the active powers and faculties of the mind, the emo tions , .. timents of love and piety to Goo, and good will towards man • passions, and sentiments, the numerous objects in the d i ff erentkind ? The importance and necessity of a suitable education to kingdoms in nature, their names, history, structure, and uses.— women, as directors or guides, in training up children in the The means or methods to be employed consist in simple reprcsen- way they should go, must be t 8 every unprejudiced mind evi tation either of the originals, or of copies hearing a likeness th ereto. dent. All these Interests of society requite women should be The most precious knowledge contained in the school of Nature properly instructed. The happiness of individuals, of families, by children under eight or nine years of age, is that of a know- and of nations, depends in a high degree, nn the moral and re ledge of the works of creation of the moral attributes of Goo ;of ligious character of woman. From the delicacy and suscepti the different relations in which they stn nd in society, of the 'mac- bility of their constitution, they are more quick in contriving self-evideat truths than man. They acquire habits with greater tical cultitation of the principle of duty. By being thus traine d an constantly in the great citadel of Nature, they will be led to facility,its and their taste for objects of beauty, their refined m ners and decorum, are distinguishing ornaments of their sex. Divine Author by a strong principle of association. A knowledge They are evidently superior to their Lords in delicacy of man mindsof the works of Creation and of Peoviovicu will raise in their tiers and sentiments, and a love of virtue, but inferior in all A piety and love towards their Ileevaxear FATHER. Natural Religion thus taught will dispose scholars at an advanced i period street speculations in which induction and continued arts of rec to enter the sanctuaries of revealed religion in spirit and n tru th. coning are necessary. Extreme sensibility is a great impediment Theematter or subject of national education, I mean of train ing to discursive reasoning. It gives full play to the imagination, children under eight or nine years of age acquired without paint and counteracts the mild influence and authority of the under iii examining or proving. This Is a necessary condition to the standing. Hence it is, that women are, by their nature, less gratification of their curiosity. Artificial education in the adapted than men to abstract investigation, which robs them of sciences which prepares youth to perform the different occupa- all those winning charms which are peculiar to the fair sex. lo tions and ill with honour the various professions and ranks in stead of possessing attractive grace and winning softness, conti life, must be acquired, on the contrary, by employing pains in nued. habits of inductive reasoning give them the unnatural manlier of a person which, in the French language, is designated examining and peering. The former moulds the moral and political characters of children, the latter qualifies yuuth to b y t h e phrase an & mue "„ qu e. fill the different offices in Society. Peommexce. children in indicates in From the foregoing observations (if I may be permitted the developements of the powers and faculties o f frankly and respectfully to express my centintents) it appears to the most perfect manner the golden rule I have laid down in me, it would be premature on the part of Government to at- National Education by the manner they acquire habits of tempt to establish a nation a l system of Ed ucat i on before clear speaking. This essential acquisition is made by instinct i ve and rational views be taken by analysis, and confirmed by ex imitation. Here the fatherly care of PIOVIDENCE; duly viewed , perience of the matter or subject, and of the great means and raises in the mind sentiments of the most pleasing piety and methods, and instruments of training and instruction. Until these objects be known, all that should be expected of Govern adoration. Spoken language is the universal instrument (as meat is to facilitate and encour,.ge proper measures to be able a mean) in promoting the improvement of children. N% itheut ultimately to rear on a solid basis the blessings of training up it their discipline would be limited in its effect, and instruction difficult, if not impracticable. Possessing it, they are qualified children in the way they should go. Among the various means to acquire every kind of knowledge, of which they are capable, which might be enumerated, I shall, for brevity sake, mention before they arrive at the age of reasonable beings. Revealed lie. what L regard as the most important, namely, to appoint Pro lessors of the art of teaching and experimental schools in all our ligion was proclaimed to mankind by the &mouse of the world in spoken lang.tiage, and in Christendom, Governments have given Universities, and in the capital town or city in each county. a decided preference to spoken language, in the means th ey have I n t h e Di v i ne b oo k s o f reve l at i on , which unfortunately are appointed for teaching and inculcating religious doct rines and too little consulted in the constitutional principles of man, training up children in the Way they should go, is profourully re duties. Two opinions; apparently in direct contradiction, have re been maintained by different enlightened men in every country Sorted as t h e i l f a xu e wen , i f I ,,.,. ent i„ g m em from going front in Europe ; the one is, that the children of the lower orders of it The suffrages of the heart, are likewise therein repre s ented as the legal ecidence in favour of truth, whereas (as the celebrated - the people make better members of society witlunit than with an education; the other, that education is absolutely necessary, and Philosopher, Dr. 1). Stewart, has justly remarked) " The suf. frages of the head have hitherto been relearded by philosophers is a natural right to which every child is entitled. If. by the as inimical to truth, instead of furnishing erideace in its Amur." term education, in the first place, be meant simply reading andned The fact is, there arc few truths more frequently and profoundly writing, it would be di ffi cult to prove it to be an error ; if, in the second case, be meant training and a practical krwieledgc of enforced its Scripture than the indispensable necessity of the beautiful and faithful alliance of the head and the heart. That the relations of children with their Con, society, and the work s of all systems which have for their principal object, speculative creation, it would be equally absurd to attempt to refute?. The knowledge, which is barren of the fruits of philosophy, aaa rule first opinion is founded (se a conviction, that the political and moral character of the labouring classes cannot be formed by of life, must weaken the great relations of man with his G OD , and with his fellow creatures, is an indubiteble fact, proved by teaching, reading and writing; the second arises from an over the experietice of ages ; and that the social principle must be a rated estimate of the value of reading and writing to the goer : great basis on which the improvement and happiness should be but it may be maintained on a more testable ground, that of a built, is not only confirmed by experience, hut is proclaimed in natural right rational beings possess, as members of a collective Scripture as such, in all the majesty of Divine truth, and in the body, of knowing their relations with their Con, and those of the most beautiful amid spiritual manner ; besid.s, Philosophers ad community in which they have a legitimate right to become mem bers. These opinions may perhaps be expressed as follow :—Every mit that the exercise of all the benevolent affections and semi. member of a political body to be able to perform his duty . to I meats is accompanied with ple..sure, and the malevolent pas. Goo and to society, has a right, during his childhood, to be fur. and a sound body, their active powers must be made the prin - sions With grain. TO bless innocent children with a sound mind niched by his Government with the means of know ing genets- I calls , those relations on .vhich the order, peace, and happiness of i cipal matter of Education, until their contemplative faculti e s ! have acquired suffickeit strength. Alanufactorers have found society depend. But that reading, writing, accompts, &c. and by experience the destructive effect on the bodily health of chil the other branches of knowledge, have been and ev er will be dren employed in wanks under ten and twelve years of age.— best acquired, owing to their appropriate %%Atte to individuals, Mere is an analogy Among all the works of Creation. The de according to the demand for them, or in other words, accor ding • predation, and I may be permitted to add, the degradation to Se to the different ranks, occupation, professions, and local or tun which the minds of young children have been exposed, by being dental circumstances. The first I call natural or rational, a nd obliged at too carp a jeriad to leant printed language, by which the second artificial education. In the school of nature intuitive curiosity carirwt be gratified, have not merely been accompani e d truths are learnt. "There is a part of our knowledge (says Mr. Locke) which we call intuitive, in this the mind is at no with an aversion to learning, and a dislike to their teachers, b u t a have been productive of antisocial passions, and have weakened " pains iu examining and proving, but perceives the truth the " eye does light, by being only directed towards it ;Tad this kind and sickened the tender and delicate powers and faculties of those unfortunate victims. In the most celebrated ancient "of knowledge is irresiseible." From the days of Aristotle inclusively to the present time, Philosophers have expressed the schools, scholars were seldom or never seated. In modern schools they arc at rest the principal part of choir time he learn same opinion ; and have been equally unanimous res pecting . the The ancients cultivated the active powers and faculties of •precious nature of self-evident truths. I hold it certain and even i n . children and youth. Moderns, by a strange delusion, cultivate demonstrable (the celebrated Dr. Reld remarked) that all know almost exclusively the contemplative powers. They teach children ledge gut by reasoning must be built on first principles, this (he 'to reason before they are reasonable beings. The celebrated adds) is as certain as that every house should have a foundation. Haller was taught logic before he arrived at the eleventh year These self-evident truths furnish the basis of all the arts and sciences, and of none more than those on which depend the of his age. Logic is taught in many of our most distinguished Universities, in point of time, before Natural History, Natural harmony and strength of nations and of individuals; thus it ap- 1 Philosophy, and the Science of the Mind. In our Colleges, pears, the great foundation on which the happiness of the human Teachers of Agriculture are to be found; although of all arts race depends, is secured to mankind by the AUTHOR of every good and perfect gift, without requiring, on the part of the children, Pains that of Education is the most complicated it is a singular fac ts If examining and proving. But this is not all—spok en language, deserving the attention of Governments, that in no part of As which is the universal instrument necessary in acquiring a know- e i,eee e d wo ad, is a Professor if the art V Education to be found. In short, the moderns believe civil ebligatiens, moral and re& ledge of the obligations and duties most precious, are actually 1 learnt by the children of the poor, and of the rich, without pains Sinus duties, arc better known by studying the conventional i languages of men, than by knowing the universal language of in examining and proving. Admirable wisdom and . good ness! The great designs of Psoviasses thus accomplished IlltUltlVviy, i Nature, and the works of Gun ! Old women, and nurses, bay o and wisdom's ways are ways of pleasantness. ! discovered, by experience, that to present new objects to gratify e 1 the curiosity of children, is the surest means of allayi ng t h e i r I have no intention of undervaluing the precious advantages to i sorrows. Yet so little has the means :ctrl methods of e d ucat i on be reaped by reading and writing, all I contend for is , that the lof children been attended to, by teach ers of this art, th at f ront most precious knowledge and habits may be acquired by repre i the moment children enter school; objects for which th e y h ave sensation and by language, viva yore, before the powers and fa culties of children have acquired sufficient strength to be ewer- i no relish are constantly employed. cised daily several hours on books which require pains in exa- i According to the views I have taken in these observations, mining and proving, &c., children under the age 1 have more than once marked as the niches the principal elements o i s r u i usefulver 31 knowledge;ucat u in it w hich ieq u f a u u r y . I period of commencing artificial education, should be taught nothing that requires pains in examieing and proving. Pre necessary to all ranks and conditions. This important end ob . - vented as 1 ant by the confined limits of ibis Essay, reflac. tained, artificial instruction of children should be suds as well in . I tion will present to the Miel of the reader, the almost incalca. be suitable to their views in society, according to their rank, tended occupations and professions, &c. I shall not go into d i lable number of objects and truths which are embraced by fol. ee tail on the particular parts of the Bills. Should the general lowing this maxim. 'fo establish a system of National Edu. Government must previously draw . the line between principle nesctiapblelisohned7hbeichptrhoevepdrotjoecbteedfalNsea,titownathl Sreschpoecolysinagr.ethnewznatittero 1 toliecesnl and arti fi cial training and instruction. The forrner and manner of education, the object I have . in view will be ;is equally necessary to the puor and to the rich. The lattt r accomplished, namely, that of fi xing the attention of .Govern- useful when built on the former to all, but necessary only to cation, m fo e rn n i t a a ti n o d n, of cal th c e ula P t u e b a li t c o , ont ' certain portions of society, according to . thew occupations, of.. ro r un al d id s o t f o n th at e to;l h, re; ficesi professions, and rank. Sir, practical knowledge of those relations and duties on which, as I am, my drat Si your's truly, secure he e to sse t n h t e ial poo g means, the interest, improvem ent, and happiness of society de- IL Li. 3IACNAB, M.D, pend. The children of Liu. rich ate equally in want 44 traniii.g