Star. — London, England, 1814-12-09 00:00:00

FRENCH PAPERS. VIENNA, NOVEMBER 21. -= I We no longer hear' talk of the journey adze gale. reigns to Gratz. It is said that the lodgings and quarters hirrstlT‘ the C urt for the suites of the Sovereigns andlereign Princes, have been further retained till, the end of January. - • . Our Court does not at present appear to stand very well with that of Rome, the Austrian Government seeking to guarantee its subjects against the influence of the Holy See. The Court of Rome has published several notes and memorials, wherein little respect is shewn for Austria, who is accused of unjustly retaining Romish Provinces. With these accusations religious opinions are mingled. The Austrian Government has renewed all the ordinances passed since the time of Joseph 11. The Powers that signed the treaty of peace of March 31, have each appointed a Minister to confer with the Envoys sent by Switzerland on the subject of the unfortunate disputes which distract that coun try. The fourth sitting was held yesterday. The result will be laid bilore Congress. It ii thought that the Helvetic Body will cede some districts of Italian Switzerland, in exchange for scme small possessions which are interwoven in its terri tory, and•with which it will be indemnified. Several important changes are expected in our financial system. Our hinds still fall, and all the calculations of our Government are in consequence deranged. It is stated that Count Stadion's new plan has received the Emperor's assent, and that it will be soon published. The imperial patent consists of thirty•two articles. The extraordinary contributions which had been imposed for 1814 only, will be the same for 1815, notwithstanding the conclusion of the war. The ex traordinary expenses to which our Government is sub jected seems to warrant this measure. Within these few days Russia has delivered a new declaration, which is said to have created a great sensation among the Members of the Congress. It is thought that the sudden departure of the Grand Duke Constantine for Warsaw was in consequence of this declaration. Prince Repnin is arrived here from Dresden, and the Russian Baron de Tuyll from Naples. The ar rival of the latter, at a moment when the Congress is occupying itself with the affairs of Italy, has pro duced some sensation. It is well known that he suc ceeded Count Balacheff, at Naples, as Russian Mi nister. PRIVATE LETTER. 4. VIENNA, NOVEMBER 2S. —The deliberations of the Congress become more and more secret. Even contradictory accounts are chcalated with less rapi dity, and we begin to think that nothing important is yet decided upon. The principal Committee appoin ted to fix the fate of Poland, Saxony, Belgium, and the provinces on the left bank of the Rhine, appears confounded at the difficulties which arise. It is cer tain that the fate of Poland is not yet decided, al: though the precipitate departure of the Grand Duke Constantine fur a short time led to the supposition that all was terminated. gi Even the fate of the Republic of Genoa, which was thought to be irrevocably united to the States d the king of Sardinia, has become doubtful. It is well known that Genoa is of the highest importance to the commerce of F.ngland. " This union cannot then be regarded as complete, without the adhesion of England ; this adhesion is not only wanting, but it is certain that the powers of the Minister of the Republic at Vienna have just been verified, acknowledged, and registered upon the acts of the Congress. " The interests upon which the Congress is called upon to pronounce are so various and opposite to each other, that a few conferences, and a union of a few weeks of the principal Sovereigns, or most skilful politicians, cannot be expected to lead to the impor tant results which are to restore to Europe its political equilibrium, and peace and tranquillity to all nations. It is bel evt4 that the Congress will continne for some time ; the proof of this assertion is, that all the Mi nisters of the Great Powers have re-engaged their hotels for one miaith, from the Ist of December, and that the departure of the Allied Sovereigns is nu lon ger talked of at Vienna ; it cannot be otherwise, when it is considered how long the Congresses of Utrecht, Westphali., and Ryswick continued. • NAPLES, NOVEMBER is, • On the 12th the Minister of War and Marine gave a magnificent ilinneron board his Majesty's ship tile Capri, Among the persOni invited were reraarked Count Mier, the Austrian Envoy Extraordinary. and Prince Esterhazy, with many of the fire functiona ries of the §tatc. After dinner the Minister gave ter following toast To his Majesty the Emperor of Austria. and his dynasty." Count Mier gave as the second toast—" To his Majesty the King of Naples and ii;s dynasty." Prince Esterhazy proposed the third—" To the high Powers which have given peace to the world." PARIS, DECEMBER S. The King has appointed Marshal the Duke of Dal- i matia to be Minister and Secretaty ct State for the War Department ; Ccunt Beugnot, to be Minister and Secretary of State for - the Marine and Colonial Department ; and M. d'Andre, to be Director Ge neral of Police. Marshal Sachet , Duke of Albufera, is appointed Governor of Alsace, (sth military division.) • The Chamber of Peers has adopted the law-respect ing iron with an amendment. ripe Report of M. Faget de Baure has been printed and distributed. It comprises 29 articles, of which the following are the must remarkable dispositions : " 'rite panishmeat of death is pronOuneed against all mi n i : -. Te rs who attempt the safety of the King's per. son, or the safety internal or external of the State by coranittnications with the enemies of France, or to su bvert the Royal authority, the order of succession t o the cr4wn, o r the constitutional power of one of the three branrhes of the Legislative authority. Every Minister guilty of Attempts on the public rights of the French, c onsecrated and defined by the Constitutional Charter, shall be pull:shed with imprisonment for a time in a place of stengths" M. Leine, President of the Chamber of Deputies, ;6 mrseh better. It h said., that the sating of this Chamber will close between the 20th snd 30th of this month. • The Congress of Vienna still keeps people In sus 'tense, as to those • important decisions which are to •Itecure the tranquillity of the nations of the'Cunti neat. In general, full confidence is reposed in that equitable-spirit which doubtless presides at these de liberations. It would in truth be too painful, both to the heart and understanding, to entertain distrust.— Who can apprehend; that those who seem to have taken lip arms only to shew Europe the double triumph of moderation over violence, and of legi timate over lawless power—who, we say, can ap prehend that even those should sully such renown, by now displaying violence after so much modera tion, and injustice after so much generosity ? Yes, those who in conjunction with us have driven from an usurped throne the usurper of Ajaccio, will restore the ancient honour of crowns—in no quarter of En _ . rope will they suffer living evidences to exist of the usurpation they have destroyed. We know there are persons who speak only with disdain of what they denominate the politics of feel ing but the politics of feeling are almost always the politics of opinion, which in the long run undermine the politics of cabinets. Sully always thought the politics of good faith the best, and Sully was not only a very honest man, but a very skilftil Minister. This policy has its root in the understanding of the people, and that equity which sooner or later prevails. It is this policy which guides the King of France at Vienna as at Paris; he supports there, by his Am bassador, those principles of moderation and inflexible justice from which he would as little depart, even with victorious armies as with Plenipotentiaries. It cannot longer be dissembled, the repose of Europe and the civilization of which it boasts would be no more, if the sceptre of unjust force was not entirely broken now by the hands which wield the sceptre.— Such is the true, and perhaps the surest triumph of generous ideas, which are better defined by noble actions than by equivocal words. PARIS, DECEMBER S. The Bamberg Journal, under the head of Vienna, Nov. 9, contains the following article s " While the German Gazettes announce the fate of Saxony as decided, and that that country, govern ed by one of the oldest Sovereign houses of Germany, will belong either in whole to the King of Prussia, or only the greater part of it, while the rest, divided into small portions, will be assigned to the Ernestine branch and the house of Austria, the fact is, that no thing official has appeared on the subject. We can assure our readers it is our hdief, that the future h'e of Saxony is still subject to serious diplomatic discus sion ; and that, calculating the nun.ber of the Powers who take an interest in its maintenance, the balance is rather in its favour. " There are some general principles of public law which have been recognised by the high Powers at the Congress of Vienna. TLey have beforehand re nounced every system of mere personal convenience or interest, and eve-:. kind c uiurpation. The object of every charg in the xisting political system is only to be the gene-.! good, and the maintaining of a balance ;—ali a t; grandisernent of any Power what ever is the result of the unanimous agreement of other Powers. " The House of Austria will never abandon, but f .he most powerful reasons, the hereditary rights of the House of Saxony to that country : the small powers have an interest in suppr ing these rights, which they cannot mistake ; and France means, it matters not with what view, equally to oppose the dismemberment of Saxony. It is even positively asserted, that the French Plenipotentiary has deliver ; ed in a very strong note on this subject. " Saxony cannot cease to exist but by a sort of absolute necessity; and perhaps we shall ►hortly see confirmed the report generally circulated here that Saxony is restored, It is only when the relations of Poland and Saxony shall be settled, that the fate of the other conquered countries of Germany can be decided upon. 66 It is said that the Sovereign of one of the great est States in Europe, wit,h a sentiment of equity pe culiar to him, will withdliaw from the part of Poland which he occupies, as soon as all Poland shall be united, and shall form an independent kingdom, go verned as such by an hereditary King chosen from the Polish nation. Futurity, which unfolds events, will-chew whether this is well founded." SZTRACT FROM THE GAZETTE UNIVEHMLL le OF Nov Ehinekt 18, 1814. " In the midst of so many changes, and after the , iojustice which was the will of a single individual, and which all the States of Europe have, by turas, suffered or tolerated, it is very difficult for the Com gross at Vienna to repair the misfortunes of 20 years, filled with blood and tears ; .and to discharge all the obligations of the past. But before refusing the duty of redressing a wrong, it ought to spew to contempo raries and to posterity, the necessity which shall have ' commanded so great a sacrifice ; and if; forced per haps to permit injustice to exist, the Congress com mitted injustice itself, it would sap its own work to its foundation, and it would perpetuate _theausareliy of Europe. Thus Saxony, which is said to be threat ened with the loss of its King and its political exist ence, would have to fear that injustice, precisely be cause it is not yet committed ; and had it been so, the general opinion already loudly proclaims the danger there would be in adopting it. How should the Congress sanction the right to dispose of con quered Saxony, whilst the legitimate Sovereign has made no renunciation, and the Saxon people re.de maad their ancient dynasty ? " A King, who, during nearly fifty years, has closed his government to be blessed; a King, honest and ever a stranger to ambition, happy in having from the beginning of his reign repaired the evils of a long war, and unfortunate only for desiring to avoid the evils of that which already reached his ca pital ; does he deserve to be despoiled of the patri. mony of 1•;is fathers, when his subjects, victims not of his error but of misfortune, vretch their arms to wards him from the midst of their ruins ; and to be treated as a criminal, without form of process and without judgment; whilst all the other Sovereigns are unit-A by a reciprocity of regret, of forgetfulness,' and of indulgence ,‘ There is a Sovereign whom, in the midst of mis , fortune and resignation, Paovroesca has preserved from the general contagipn., wbo, restored to his rights room the dawn of European - restoration, has been the first to,shew himself a stranger to ambition and vengeance, and who got out of disputes, by a• treaty which will serve as a basis for all others, and, applied to his Government the maxims of magnani mity and of wisdom, which are about to become the common property of the civilized world. That So vereign alone, perhaps, would have a right to judge, and he absolves the King of Saxony. 64 Will it be said-that his judgment is commanded by the interests of his policy ? -No ; it is not the po licy of France which commands it, it is the policy of Europe; and since we rarely render to Kings the justice of believing them guided by moral considera tions, let us consider the question with respect to its influence in the system of general equilibrium which the Congress at Vienna is called to establish. 44 The object is, that Prussia united with Austria should guarantee the independence of Germany, that she should be strong against France, and strong against Russia. 44 How could Germany see the guarantee of its in dependence in Prussia, who, by mere right of force, should have made herself mistress of two millions of Germans, contrary to their wishes, and in contempt of all the sentiments which attach them to their l'rince ? We will not here discuss the question, whe ther, by being united to a great state, they might or might not be better protected, less taxed, more 'free, and more happy. It appears, at least, that the Saxons place in the balance with all these advantages, na. tional existence and the recollections by which they live in history. There is, in the German character, an attachment to certain sacred habits, of which one of the must sacred is obedience to native Princes. Let strong institutions firmly combine the Get m inse fede ration; let identity of manners, language, and litera ture, create a national spirit, and the independence Germany will be secured. 44 It is evident that the repose and security of Ger many will in future depend on the union of Austria and Prussia. Would the circumstances of these two powers, so lately rivals, touching each other by a long line of frontiers, prove a pledge of that union ? Will not Saxony, by remaining intermediate, weaken this contact, and soften any mutual shock.? 44 France can have no objection that , in the general system of the balance of Europe, Prussia should be strong both as against France and Russia ; but that policy winch some still ascribe to her who take a plea. sure in confounding times and interests the most dis similar, would doubtless rejoice to see an union ef fected, which, by sowing distrust, and spreading the germs of lengthened discord in Germany, would übably create very speedy opportunities of turning it to advantage. ' 6 Prussia, doubtless, requires to be strong as against Russia : but at present personal friendship connects the two Sovereigns ; and should these fortunate rela tions ever cease, Prussia alone, however strong, would never be sufficiently so against Russia. Should a successor of the magnanimous Alexander wish to avail himself of Ole power of that immense empire to clear the last rivers which flow towards the Baltic, it then would not be any one single State, not all Ger many alone that would have to unite for presetving the balance and the liberties of Europe; and it would be "then that the work of the Congress of Vienna would have to sustain its rudest trial. But Prussia, too weak against Russia, too strong agrinst Germany —united to the former today perhaps by friendship,. and to-morrow by ambition or tears—will she present no danger to the latter, when, by her incorporation of Saxony, she shall have weakened the pledge of her respect far the principle of pubiie law These are the principles which it is important at this day to consecrate. The morality of governments can alone confirm that of individnals, without which nothing can secure the repose and the duration of States ; an,l the more that civilized Europe, at this moment so big with futurity, is anvons to approstk mate her ditlertnt poiit c.ti sficivties towards one common centre of peace and prosperity, the more she watches wi!ii solicitude the conduct of those to whom site has confided such weighty interests. May none of the Mf.•.mhers of the Congress cif Vienna, entrusted with the most solemn legislation, infringe before-hand those laws which it is their duty to enact 44 These reflections have been naturally called forth by the article which we have rven from the Bamberg Gazette, and which has appeared the more interesting to us, as it will fortify our readers against other news respecting Saxony, to which they might be tempted to ascribe an official character. We think, also, that the lamentations in the Gazette de France of the Nth of November were premature, and that Saxony and Europe still do not require those consolations which some have been in such haste to give them."—Morsiterr. GHENT, NOVEMBER 29. The American Negotiators have received the dis patches from their Government, brought by the Fin gal. It is certain that the propositions sent by Mr. Dallas to America have been rejected by the United States, and that they have resolved to prosecute the war with the greatest vigour. We hope, however, that the Congress will not be dissolved, and that the con tinuation of the conferences will finally reach the de sired object of peace. The Princess of Wales remained at Naples on the 18th, enjoying the festivities of that gay capital. Her Royal Highness had visited Portici, and was preparing for a visit to Herculaneum and Pompeia. " BRUSSELS, Nov. 26.—A Frauconial G47ette affirms, that there is in Switzerland a a bk. party who desire a Constitutional King. MADRID, NOVEMBER 20. The Marquis de Santa Cruz is appointed Ambas- 1 sador to France. This is the fourth Grandee of ..ipain who has been nominated In that post. It is said the Duke of San Carlos has been refused • the embassy to Paris, which he had solicited. The return to the ministry of M. de Cevalkm en courages us to hope for more moderate councils in future. We anxiously lot k for the tins[ proceedings of our new Secretary of t.ite, to abCCILAIII the inten tions of the existing administration. We dare nut credit the news in circulation respect ing Mexico: After the mistortunes of the Peninsula, it would be too digressing to have yet to deplore the lon of our finest colony. THE EVENINGS' LONDON. 'AIL FRIDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1814. PRICE OP STOCKS THIS DAY AT TWELVE O'CLOCK ; Reduced 651-4 per Cent.:4l-5 per Cent. Navy shut Consols abut—foe amount, et—Osnniuus die. Bank Long Amt. 161—India Bonds 17s. 18s. pre, Exchequer BiUs par, to Ss. prern: We have received since yesterday Paris P.lpers of three days in succession. Their chief contents relate to the proceedings of the Congress at Vienna, w!.;,', we have carefully selected. The Moniteur, which ()qt. Readers will recollect was long since formally .1-. aoanced as the only official Journal, now seem; to argue for the annexation of Saxony to Prussia, as necessary to render the latter Power eventually kr midable both against Russia and France. A Gentleman, who left Quebec on the Bth of No. vesnber, and on whose information we place every ye, liaace, has sent us the followiog particulars respectisg the state of affairs at the time of his departure : ‘‘ The Americans on the Niagara frontier, after a trifling demonstration of attack, had re-crossed part of their army, leaving a force to garrison Fort Erie, but which, it is more than probable, they will destroy and evacuate, from the great reinforcements the na. val superiority on Lake Ontario gives us the °mar. tunity of sending. •' No operations, upon any scale, can take place with the right division, after the 25th of December. The kft division is already in winter quarters, about Isle-au•lgoix, St. John's,' L'Acadie, La Cole, Sorrel, Montreal, &c. The advance at Odd Town,. oteeke Plattsburg-road, 40 miles from Usavgal. and '3O from Plattsburg. “ I do not profess, even privately, togive an opt. nion of the general state of things Isere, but I cannot help joining in the universal prayer for a change of men and measures. CHAUNCZY was in the outer anchorage of Sac. kett's, ready for sea, but shelved no disposition to fight.. Sir JAM Yao's fleet consists of seven sail, well manned, and in high orders be has several then carried up stores and reinforcements unmolested. 8 Sackett's Harbour is very strong,. and wilt new require a regular attack. A gross mistake baser,* into some of our prints, stating Sir J 4 its Yze tablet got under weigh, with 150 sail ! I w.ss present when the fleet sailed, winch was composed of one 100.ein ship, two large frigates, and two sloops of war, .nd convoying a Mosquito fleet of stores of tan sail, making 15 in tote—but a cypher is nothing !" While on the subject of our North American pos sessions, we feel ourselves called upon by a sense of duty to lay before the public the following *ta il which appears in The Quebec Mercury of the 18th of October. We wish to persoade ourselves that the picture of misery and injustice which it exhibits is overcharged, but hoWeier this may be, the subject calls loudly for inquiry. it a tenth part of the tale be true, the indignation of the country should reach the authors of such an iniquitous system with earn plary punishment.' The free-born sons of Britain, wherever aituited, have indelible claims ol the mo ther-country, nor end she ever be indifferent to the circumstances of her children. The subject of emigration frOtit Use Highlintlso Scotland has been often met ti6dl but, alas! while we have taken tip the cause ot•diMricans and h. ..: dians, no due share of commisratitoo has Ter bp, excited in favour of our own liomi'-born children I Let us hope that some humane associat •.,, may soon be formed, to watch over the interests of this sulk* but meritorious people'. " QUEBEC, OCTOBER 11. IXTRACT OF A LETTER TO A ItHIEND IN THIS CITY: 41 In June last I paid a visit to that unfortunate colony in Red River; curiosity led me to examine more minutely the situation of those poor deluded people, severed from their native country, with the hope of ameliorating their condition in life. But, alas ! what a disappointment to them : 'how miserable to what they possibly could be in any other country and with the prospect before them of never again seeing civilized life. I have seen the young and aged in huts, exposed to famine and the fury of the savage tribes, without one pleasing hope before them. Surely humanity shudders at the idea of transporting innocent people, whose only crime is poverty, to such a country, so remote from the ciri• rind world. " I have conversed with them ; they compla:a much of their treatment, of the -horrors of the H thl• son Bay climate ; their miserable acconunodatim and their being very ill fed. They have the voy.•:: to the interior to perform, exposed to the inclemen.i , of the weather; with little or no c vering but C. , ' canopy of Firosyss 1 When at last they reach ice land of promise, the land flowing with milk :till honey ; but what is their disappointment ! They hire to look s in the waters for tneir support : perhaps their roi-di:amt Governor may give them a little (yzretal sv,ci it, or a little of the prov.sion, c. ,, :ritry. if he happen to have any. 'rimy Lave huts to when they can spare a moment from their se.uch • lAnd : they pass the winter G n knows 11(1W, in it Slate of stttrvatian : they have been known often to enter the houses of the North-west Company, to beg Or . 5 " . monthful. Willingly would they return to their cam • , ."'