Star. — London, England, 1821-05-30 00:00:00

STATE P4PERS. LAYBACH, MAY 12. At themoment ;when the Congress separated the .following Document was published, in the name of the Courts of Austria, Prussia, and Russia: DECLARATION. " Europe is acquainted with the motives of the resolution taken by the Allied Sovereigns to sup press conspiracies, and to terminate disorders which menaced the existence of that general peace, the establishment of which had.cost so many efforts and so many sacrifices. 66 At the very moment when their generous objects were accomplished in the kingdom of Naples, a re bellion of a still more odious character, if possible, burst forth in Piedmont. " Neither the ties which had, for so many genera tions, united the reigning House of Savoy with the. People, nor the benefits of an enlightened Govern ment, administered by a wise Prince, and under paternal laws, nor the sad prospect of calamities to which the country was exposed, could restrain the disaffected from their designs. g 4 The plan of a general subversion was prepared. In this combination against the repose of Nations, the conspirators of Piedmont had their part assigned them. They were eager to perform it. el The Throne and the State were betrayed—oaths were violated—military honour tarnished—and the contempt of every duty soon produced the scourge of every disorder. " Everywhere the pestilence exhibited the same character :—everywhere one uniform spirit directed these fatal Revolutions. _ _ _ Not being able to assign plausible motives in their justification, nor to obtain national support to main tain them, it was in false doctrines that these con trivers of anarchy sought an apology : they founded, upon criminal associations, a still more criminal hope. In their eyes, the salutary supremacy of the laws was a yoke which must be destroyed. They renounced those sentiments which are inspired by a true love of one's country, and substituting for known duties, arbitrary and undefined pretences for a universal chanze in the constituent principles of society, they pielmred endless disasters for the world. " The Allied Sovereigns saw the dangers of this conspiracy in all their full extent, but they had also discovered the real weakness of the conspirators, in spite of their veil of declamation and deceit. Expe rience has verified their anticipations. The resistance which legitimate authority has encountered has been useless, and clime has disappeared at the sight of the sword of justice. " It is not to accidental causes—it is not even to the conduct of men who behaved ~ .cs ill in the hour of b rule—that this easy success should be attributed. It. has resulted from a more consolatory principle— from one more worthy of attention. PROVIDENCE struck with terror the consciences of men so guilty ; and the censure of the Public, whose fate was compromised by these artificers of mischief; caused the arms to fall from their hands. Solely employed to contend with, and to put down rehellion, the Allied forces, far from pursuing any exclusive interests, have arrived to the aid of the People whu are subjugated ; and the People them s;:lves have regarded the employment of those troops as a support in favour of their liberty, not as an ag gression upon their independence. From that mo ment the war ceased—from that moment the States which revolution had assailed, became the friendly States of those Powers which never wished anything but their tranquillity and their prosperity. . . . " In the midst of these grave occurrences, and in a situation thus delicate, the Allied Sovereigns, in concert with the King of the Two Sicilies, and the King of Sardinia, have judged it indispensable to adopt temporary measures of precaution, indicated by prudence, and called for by the general good.— Tue troops, whose ciesence was necessary for the restoration of order have been placed in suitable positions, solely for the purpose of protecting the free exercise of legitimate authority, and to assist it in preparing, uuder this r gis, those benefits which may efface every vestige of such portentous misfortune. "the justice and disinterestedness which have prevailed in the deliberations of the Allied Monarchs, will always-continue to regulate their policy. In fu tuie, as during the past, they will ever prescribe to themselves the pre , ervation of the independence, and of the rights of each State, and as they are re cognized and defined by existing . Treaties. The issue, even of such an alarming crisis, will, under the auspices of PROVIDENCE, become the consolida- tion of that peace which the enemies of the People attempted to destroy, and the stability of. an order of things which will secure to nations their repose and prosperity. " Filled with these sentiments, the Allied Sove reigns, in terminating the conferences at Lavbach, have wished to announce to the world the principles by w Nell they have been animated. They are deter mined never to abandon them ; and all the friends of order will constantly see and find in their union, a sure safeguard against the enterprises of anarchy. " It is fur this purpose that their Imperial and Royal Majesties have ordered their Ministers Plenipotentiary to sign alai publish the present Declaration. " Austria—Nl Ii:TT RNICII. "The I3dron DE VINCENT. " Prussia—KßUSE:llA RK. " Russia—N ESSE LEO DE. el CAPO IY ISTRIA. " POZZO DI BORGO." CIRCULAR FROM COUNT NESSELRODE. FRANKFORT, MAY 5.2. We have good grounds for believing in the au thenticity of a Circular Dispatch, addressed from Laybach to the Legations of his Majesty the Em peror of all the Russias, at Foreign Courts ; and we communicate with confidence, this interesting docu ment to' our Readers: " Sin-It is now precisely a year since we found ourselves under the necessity of making known the principles which the Emperor had resolved to fol low, with respect to States, which, to the calamity of experiencing a criminal and violent Revolution, should add that of sanctioning its fatal consequences. , 4 Since that period, and from the date of the open ing of the conferences at Troppau and Laybach, our successive communications must have demonstrated to all the Ministers and Agents of the Emperor at Foreign Courts, not only that the principles of his Imperial Majesty would not vary, but further, that our august Master would be always ready to con cur, by all the means in his power, in the success of the measures which he had agreed upon with his. Allies, in the general interest for the repose of Europe. " By our Circular of the 27th of February (11th of March), we informed you that, in consequence of the determinations entered into upon this point by his Imperial Majesty, he had decided to prolong his stay near his Imperial, Royal, and Apostolic Majesty, notwithstanding the close of the Congress at Laybach. " Our dispatches of the Bth (20th) of March, very soon shewed to you that the foresight of the Em peror had been too ccmpletely justified ; and that, faithful to his promises, Russia, at the request of Austria, and the legitimate Sovereign of the king dom of Sardinia, had marched an army of 100,000 men, in order to avert the calamitous and too proba ble effects of the military revolt which had just broken out in Piedmont. " Auspicious events have succeeded those which the artificers of troubles and of discord provoked. Everything authorises us to hope that order will be effectually re-established in the States of his Sardi nian Majesty. The Royal Government there has availed itself of the proximity of the Lombardo-Ve netian kingdom ; and it is the temporary assistance of a Corps of Occupation, composed of Austrian troops, which it has required to restore to Piedmont the enjoyment of an internal, secure, and solid peace. " All our wishes seek this great and salutary re sult; but as the measure of safety which it requires, and which the Sardinian Government itself has soli cited, is about to become the object of a direct ar rangement between Sardinia and Austria, under the guarantee of the Allied Courts : and as the presence of our troops would be henceforth useless, the order to retrograde has already been dispatched to them. On the other hand, the more the resolution to make them operative was energetic, the more salutary and useful has been the impression produced solely by the intelligence that they were in movement, and the more essential is it in the eyes of the Emperor that all the Cabinets of Europe should know and appreciate the serious considerations which induced his Imperial Majesty to have recourse to arms, and the noble and pure intentions which would always have directed the employment of them. " The experience of all ages and countries warn nations of the calamities which form the inevitable train of crime and rebellion. But last year these great and eternal lessons were contemned. Catas trophes succeeded each other with an appalling ra pidity. Naples demonstrably evinced the dangers of pernicious example. Become herself the dream of Revolution, and the centre of the activity of sects, this State menaced Italy with a general conflagra tion ; and Austria, seeing a portion of her provinces exposed to imminent peril, claimed, in the first place, the moral support of her Allies. The sincere friend of his Imperial, Royal, and Apostolic Majesty, and convinced, like that august Monarch, of the evils which would once mote inundate the world, if the disregard of all duties should obtain the apology of a lasting triumph, the Emperor espoused, with sin cerity, a cause which his conscience told him was that of Europe, of Laws, and of Treaties. He did more. As an intimate union has been established, by solemn acts, between the European Powers, the Emperor offered to his Allies the aid of his arms, in case new commotions should excite the dread of new dangers. " We hate already seen how the anticipations of his Imperial Majesty have been verified. Sectarians, acting in the darkness which they so much needed to veil their guilty projects, excited in Piedmont au insurrection which might, by its consequences, retard 'the progress of good in the Two Sicilics, and, by comprornisirs , the Army which was then advancing upon Naples, encourage revolt throughout the whole Peninsula. Already alarming symptoms justified disquietude for other countries ; and from that mo ment the Russian troops were bound to match. They, in fact, did march, not to even:: the pox er of Russia, or to make the slightest infringement upon the bounds rof territorial possession, guaranteed to all the Govern ments of Europe, by the Ti eaties concluded since 1814, but to succour, the Allies of the Emperor; and this, as we have said above, at the express solicitations of his Imperial, Royal and Apostolic Majesty, and of his Royal Highness the Duke de Genevois. They marched, not to overthrow institutions which have emanated from legitimate authority, but to prevent insurrection from usurping a power which would be a universal scourge. Finally, they marched, not to obstruct the developement of public prosperity, in any State what ever, but to further the re-establishment of order in countries where the workings of evil men had ulti mately rendered the assistance of a foreign force indispensable. " Such ha. been, such will always be, the sole in tention of the Emperor, should he ever find himself again under the necessity of putting his Armies in motion. No burden would have resulted from their march, or from their temporary presence. They would have traversed peaceably the immense space which separated them from Italy : and as soon as the object was attained, for which two Monarchs solicited their aid, the Emperor would have issued his orders for them to return to their country. " We are justified, therefore, in repeating and affirming, that never did the love of war, never the ambitious thought of exercising an exclusive influence in the Councils of other Monarchs, or upon the desti uies of people confided by PROVIDENCE to their care, direct the policy of his Imperial Majesty. " Irrefragable facts now attest the sincerity of this language. " Malevolence ascribed to Russia hostile views I with regard to the Porte. Disturbances manifested themselves in Wallachia and Moldavia; and our con duct, as well as our declarations, have shewn that we are determined to observe the rights of Nations and the faith of Treaties, in our relations with the Turk lish Government. " They were pleased, afterwards, to insinuate, that we had abandoned our projects against Turkey, to invade the western territories of Europe. A signal contradiction has confounded the authors of those odious accusations; and the march of our Armies, supported and maintained by all the strength of the Empire, has been stopped, the moment we were cer tainly assured the legitimate Government had reco vered the plenitude of its authority in the kingdom of Sardinia. 44 Thus, Sir, it is with the confidence of having fulfilled the duties of a friend and of an ally—it is' with the determination of always fulfilling those du ties, and the consoling persuasion of having contri buted to the tranquillity of Italy, and of Europe, that the Emperor is about to quit Laybach. " He will set off on the Ist (13th) of May, and will proceed to St. Petersburgh, by way of Warsaw, happy to lend his assistance to his Allies, if it shciuld become necessary—more happy still to enjoy for a ' long future the spectacle of a peace, the blessings of which Russia feels, and in the maintenance and consolidation of which she is interested as much as any other Power. The political system of our august Master not' being destined to undergo any change, all his Ministers and Agents will continue to follow and to execute the general instructions which they have hitherto received. " The present Circular will regulate their language with respect to the events of which it treats, and the Emperor even authorises you, Sir, to make known, and deliver a copy of it to the Government to which you are accredited, Sc. (Signed) " NF.SSELRODE. " Laybach, 28th April (10th of May), 1821." _ It is asserted, that Austria also expedited, on the same day, a Circular of similar tenour to all its Di plomatic Agents at Foreign Courts. FRANCE. PRIVATE LETTER. " PARIS, MAY 26. gg It is generally understood that M. de Chateau briand is not to return to Berlin: he will, it is confi dently stated, be entrusted with the Embassy in Lon don, vacant by the resignation of the Duke de Cazes. This latter personage, by the bye, is as much forgotten as if he had never existed. " Changes are spoken of in the Ministry. Latour Maubourg, the War Minister, is expected to resign, and to accept the office of Gouverneur des Invalid. s ; General Bourdesoult, it is said, will take his place. " Count Angles, the Prefect of Police, is to be dismissed ; and Simeon, on the plea of bad health, is to give in his resignation, and, as a reward for his compliance, he is to be created a Peer, and to have a pension. The Duke de Richelieu wishes M. de Villele to supply the intended vacancy ; but this pre cise and obstinate politician has, it is said, given a positive refusal to become Minister of the Interior, except on condition of the previous dismissal of Ba ron Moonier, Director-General of the Police, and Baron Cairene, Secretary-General of the department, the first of whom was appointed by De Cazes, and the latter by Simeon. " It is reported that two duels are to take place to-day between Messrs. Dubot-deru and Duplessis, Members of the right side, and Generals Lamarque and Laborde, Deputies of the left. " I may mention to you, as a curious fact con nected with the impudent assumption of power on the part of the Censors, that the sentence of the Royal Court, which rescinded the judgment obtained by the Censors in an inferior Court, against the highly respectable Editor of the Journal des Debuts, gave great offence to these Jacks-in-office. The higher Court had summoned four of them as witnesses, and had not paid much respect to their testimony. Their pride was so shocked at this contemptuous treat ment, that they absolutely mutilated the sentence of the Court, and would not allow that part of it to appear which stated that four of their august Body had been summoned to give testimony! " In one of the Papers of this day it is mentioned, in a letter from Constantinople, that the venerable ' Greek Patriarch, who is seventy-two years of age, had been hanged before the gates of his own church, and that this execution has caused the utmost dis may and disgust, especially as the species of death resorted to is the one most detested in Turkey. " It happened to come to my knowledge that the following remarks, which were inserted in the letter, were not allowed to be inserted in the Jourrial—so tender are those Censors of the grand monarchical principle, which.they conceive is now in the keeping of that legitimate Sovereign, the Grand Turk : " The Turkish Government would not have been bold enough to inflict such a punishment, if they had not been ap prized that none of the Ministers of the Grand Puissances (mem bers of the lioly League) took any interest in the Patriarch, as had been the case in former times, when Christians were perse cuted. The Russian Minister had indeed interposed his inter cession for the Chief of the Greek Church; but the monarchi cal principle which now prevails in Europe does not allow such an intercession. The Greeks are regarded as rebels against the legitimate Sovereign. Mercantile letters from Varsovia, how ever, say, that the public opinion in Russia declares itself str o n g ly I in favour of the Greeks, en account of the common religion."' Intelligence has been received, by the way of I.aybach, of a great number of Greeks having been put to death at Constantinople. The Turkish popu lace has been guilty of the greatest excesses. Even the Foreign Ambassadors, who reside in the suburb of Pera, have, it is said, entertained alarms for their safety. It is stated, that the anathema against Ypsi lanti and Suzzo, which has been inserted at full length in the Austrian Observer, is signed by twenty two Bishops of the Greek Church, in Europe and Asia ; but if the Porte assembled so many Prelates, it was probably rather for the purpose of keeping them as hostages, than for massacring them. , c Death has put an end to the career of Prince Charles of Hesse-Rothenburg, better known in France by the name of Charles-Hesse. He lived for 16 years in profound retirement at Frankfort, where he was struck with apoplexy on the Ist of May. This Re publican Prince was for a long time one of the Edi tots of The Journal des Hommes Libres, in which his articles were signed Fiat Lux. Letters from Schwerin; of the 9th May, announce the death of his Royal Highness the Duke Adolphus Frederick of Mecklenburg, on the Bth, youngest son of the reigning Grand Duke, aged thirty-six." ' THE HERMIT IN THE COUNTRY.—This work forms an appropriate companion to the Hermit in London. It displays the same knowledge of human nature in all its departments, those habits of quick observation, that keen sense of propriety and moral feeling which so eminently distinguish this writer. Among other amusing subjects in these volumes will be found, A Trip to Richmond.—Man Traps.—Watering Places.— Leaving Home.—The Packet Boat.—An Exquisite's Life in the Country.4—A Fishing Scene.—My Landlady. —A Party of Pleasure.—The Top of a Stage.—A Child's Burial—The March.—The Rough Diamond.—. The Navy Lieutenant.—Love and Matrimony.—The Rusticated Londoner.—Scotbusd..—Hog. many ; or, New Year's Morn in lidinbursho—The Foy.—The Dragd, &c. &c. -~"'~.. THE EVENING STAR. • LONDON. WEDNESDAY, MAY SO. 1821. THE FUNDS. Yesterday was a holiday, but much business va s done, the Stock Exchange being open. Consol s were at 76 1 ,h for the Account—left off at 77 — an d this morning opened at 77%, and at one o'clock were 76%. The current prices were— Bank Stock 232 1 / 2 %-3 per Ct. Redu.76l/2 75% 3 per Cent. Cons. 76% 78 ih %-3 1 ,6 per Ct. 85% ;; 4 per Cent. 93% 91 2 A-5 per Cent. 11044 % Long Ans. 19% 3.16 5-16—India Bds. 51s. 525. p r . Exch. Bills 1 5.45.45. pr.—Cons. for opg. 77 1 / 4 , v; It was currently reported this morning that the Mi nister intends speedily to pay off the Five per Cents, The following Stocks shut and open as under; SHIM OPEN, Consols -- - . June 5 - July 20 Five per Cent. Navy June 1 - - July 19 Three per Cents. 1726, June 14 - - July 10 Life Annuities - June 15 - - July 6 We lay before our Readers to-day, the Declaration which has been issued from Laybach, in the name if the Courts of Austria, Russia, and Prussia, in justifi cation of their recent interference with the affairs of Naples and Piedmont ; as also a Circular from Count NESSELRODE, Russian Minister for Foreign Affairs, to the different Courts of Europe, vindicating more pa r . ticulaily the Russian Government from the suspicion of being actuated by ambitious motives in the line of policy which it has pursued. The Moniteur of Sunday, received to-day, furnislos us with a third document, which purports to be tin Circular Dispatch, in which the Declarations of the three Sovereigns was transmitted to the different Courts; and, besides developing more in detail the facts and principles laid down in that Declaration, contains some new and important announcements. The Declaration affirms that the rebellions of Na ples and Piedmont were only parts of a general sys tem of subversion; the Circular Dispatch goes farther, and assures the world that the conspiracy was not one against this or that form of government, but that " pure monarchies, limited monarchies, federative constitutions, republican constitutions, all was coca• prised, all was included in the decrees of proscrir tion of a sect which considers as oligarchy every thing, no matter in what form it may be, which is above the level of a chimerical equality!"— " The Chiefs of this impious league," it is added, " indifferent to the consequences of that general de struction which they meditate—indifferent to every species of stable and permanent organization, wish only to strike at the fundamental bases of society— to overturn what exists—leaving to be substituted whatever chance may suggest to their disordered imaginations, or to their sinister passions : such is the essence of their doctrines, and the secret of all their machinations I" " The Allied Sovereigns," continues this Circular, " could not conceal from themselves that there was but one barrier to oppose to this devastating torrent. To preserve that which is legally established; such has been the invariable principle of their policy, the point of departure, and the final object of all their resolutions. They have not been stopped by the vain clamours of ignorance and of malice, accusing them of condemning humanity to a sta:e of stagnation and of torpor, incompatible with the natural and progres sive march,and with the perfecting of social institutions. Never have these Monarchs manifested the least dis position to oppose real ameliorations, or the reform of those abuses which will slip into the best of Go vernments." But " useful or necessary changes in the legislation, and in the administration of States, can only emanate from the free will of those whom GOD lins rendered responsible for power. All that deviates from this line leads necessarily to disorder, to revolutions, and to evils far more insupportable than those which they pretend to cure. Penetrated with this eternal truth, the Sovereigns have not hesi tated to proclaim it with frankness and vigour; they have declared, that, in respecting the rights and in dependence of all legitimate power, they regard as legally null, and disavowed by the principles on which the public law of Europe rests, all pretended Reform, operated by revolt and open force. They have acted agreeably to this Declaration in the events of Naples, in those of Piedmont, and in these also which, under very different circumstances, but ly combinations equally criminal, are delivering ET the Eastern part of Europe to incalculable convulsions° " The Monarchs (we are told) are the more de cided in not departing from this system, Woe they regard the firmness with which they have main' tained it at so critical an epoch, as the true cause of that success with which their efforts for the re establishment of order in Italy have been crowned. —The Governments of the Peninsula have disco vered that they have nothing to fear, either for their political independence, or for the integrity of their territories, or for the preservation of their rights, fa soliciting succours which were furnished to them, co the single condition of profiting by them to protect their own existence. 'lt is this reciprocal confidence which has saved Italy--it is this which has put end, in the space of two months, to a conflagration , which, without the jute! fez encc cf the Al So7c" • -