Star. — London, England, 1817-08-05 00:00:00

THE EVENING STAR. I .0 N DON. TUESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1817. PRICE OF S FOCKS THIS DAY A 1' TWELVE O'CLOCK Reduced 7311—Collin', 78i 79—Consol fur Auguat 4 per Cent. 96ii—!, per Ceut. Navy, 1041 f India Rondo i 12 ;13 yr.—Exchequer Bali 334.365. pr. It is impossible to calculate the unforeseen conse quences which, at a future period, may result from the following Protest of the Empress MARIA LOUISA, ad dressed to the Congress of Vienna, against the occupa tion of the French Throne by the Bourbon dynasty. This document was originally written in French, and is put into English from a retranslation into French, now done . from a German version,deposited in the Archives of the City of Frankfort. Our Readers will see, that this important claim was ordered to be entered on the Protocol, and registered in the Archives of the Con gress, by the concurrence of the Emperor of AUSTRIA, lies father, and the Emperor of Rus. lA. PROTEST • OF THE EX EMPRE3S MARIA LOUISA. 14 Maria L'itlia3i Empress, Archduchess of Aus tria, Duchess of Parma, in our name, during the mi nority of our beloved Son and Sovereign, and in the name of our Sun, Charles Francis Napoleon, as legi timate possessor of die Imperial Throne of France. " The distance at which we are kept from our hereditary States, and the absence f the Members of our Government preventing us from claiming the admission of a hliuister to represent us at the Con gress now assembled at Vienna, and the desire of giving lull authenticity to our reclamation in behalf, of our beloved Sovereign and Son, have induced us, in imitation of our immortal Ancestor, of glorious memory, Maria Theresa, to take the resolution of layieg before the above-mentioned Congress, a de. clar.t:i:in of the riz! is of cur beloved Son to the Crown el France, and a developement of the princi ples on which they ate founded, to the end that it be known to Europe, and the French nation, that it has never been our intention willinBly to renounce the Imperial Throne of France, on %%ilk.. it ri.w.ed DiviNe PROVIDENCE to place us. " We will not here tecall to mind the disasters which deprived the House of Bourbon of the French Throne. We will rather throw a veil over the reruns of Princes, and the faults of ustions. We will not defend the work of factious and revolutionary pro ceedings ; but., we will declare, that there exists a public law of immutaLle nature, which binds nations to Princes, a law of policy, containing the principles upon wkich Sovereigns ought to conciliate their rights and interests, v. ith certain rights and liberties, which are the preo.:rty of their subjects. " A series of fatal events put ,gn enti . to Royalty •ih France. All Europe took up arms to sustain or restore a *Flu. ne which its possessor was unable to maintain ; a Throne which had sunk into nought through the flight of the Princes and Nobility, which were its natural supporters, and perhaps through the violent cause of a popular wili, unrestrained in its mil r:crs,.:Lions. -: unfortunate Louis XVI. and his Son, pc. ' rishesi ~ i .cessieely. Their legitimate heirs forfeited their ci lims to the - Crown, by their free egress from the Kingdom, and their retreat into an enemy's .ct.untry. The nation no longer hotrod to its legiti mate Princes, WAS restored to its natural right of election. The other nations of Europe considered these disasters as the work of political fanaticisM, and 1 a spirit of rebellion. They' ih consequence took :up arms, and penetrated into the; !mitt pc France. TOO.. success, however, was but of ebßrt,cfstration. France soon expelled them from her invaded territory, and maintained her independence. The powers of Eu rope must then have observed, that whatever had originally led to this result, the Government of France was changed de facto and de jure, and that it belonged to the French people to institute such form of Government for themselves as was best suited to the circumstances of the times. " In this state of things, every tie was dissolved between France and the Bout bons ; between the Bourbons and•the other Sovereigns of Europe. The . Family Compact, the Treaty of Personal Guarantee, was cancelled by theinfluence of circumstances; in a political sense the Bourbons were no more. " The independence of France under the new Go vernment of her choice was dice acknowledged by the very Powers who at present compose this Coe- I grew. Qii the sth April, 1795, the treaty of Bale was signed between France and Prussia: on the 22d . July, same year, windier Treaty was signed at Bale, rbetween Republican France and Spain. The latter Power, on the 7th Jun,. in the following year, tun- I eluded a 'nem) of Alliance with the Executive Di- 1 rectory. The C.,urts of Sardinia and Na; lee signed, in the course of that same year, the first on the 15th Isl a y, the other on the loth Octobei, a Treaty with that same Republican G,,vernmeni. The Pope, the minor States of Germany and Italy, solemnly tic. knowledged also the new Goverenient of France Austria signed the Treaty.* ..Campo Formica with the Directory, and that of • Lueeville with the First Consul. England, by the .Treaty . of Amiens, Ist of October, 1801, Spain by that . p 1 27th M arc h, 1802, Russia by that of Bth October, 14:308, acknowledged successively the Consular Golrsrnment, which pro. Claimod% general Peace on the sillith Brumaire, 10th yeasiiillet Republic. 4C.irhe Act which raised the altars again, and gave ,o , o the Gallican Church, which brought back .. Oc rley , checked false doctrines, and substituted , 1 ~;., '. . the true belief in their lieu. The Concordat, in a 1 word, of which the beneficial effects will long be felt by religion, put the seal, as it were, to those transac tions of State policy, by which a Government diffe rent from that of the ancient Monarchy was solemnly recognized by all Europe. Who at that time suspec ted the Princes of the House of Bourbon, of enter ' twining rights of Sovereignty over France ? That which has perished, can it rise again ? If these Princes had no legal rights then, what rights can they have now ? The French people unquestionably en joyed the plenitude of their rights under the Consular Government ; at that period, when, to give greater stability to institutions which had put an end to the evils of the Revolution, and to give to Europe a pledge of that stability, the French people bestowed on the First Consul, Bonaparte, the Consular power for We. " The new organization of the State, in harmony with the genius of its first Magistrate, was consoli dating itself daily, and it would have accomplished the most sanguine wishes of the French people, were not the life of man limited to a small number of years, to impress these new institutions with a fresh character of permanency, to make them copespond with the Governments of the other States of Europe, the nation substituted for the Consular Power the Impel( Power, which it rendered hereditary in the , iiir family Napoleon Bonaparte. The citizens of the towns, the Contemner, and the smallest hamlets, cover ed with their names the registers, wherein the ques tion of the esection of the Empire, and of the election of Napoleon Bonaparte, was submitted to them He was elected and proclaimed with acclamations. He received the oath of allegiance from his subjects. The temples resounded with thanksgivings from the People to the Divinity. The Clergy, in the holy office of the mass, prayed for his person and for his family, and soon the venerable Chief of Christendom came in person to consecrate in the Metropolitan Church, a power which the Emperor Napoleon had tilt then only held from the hands of the People. " What Was then wanting to the legitimacy of his Crown ? Had he not received it horn Gou and his country ? In other terms, from divine right and from national right ? o Europe adopted these principles, and Napoleon assumed :he rank assigned to him among Sovereigns, by the extent and power of his Empire. Austria ac knowledged the Emperor Napoleon on the 26th De. amber, 1805, by the Treaty of Presburg—tlte So vereigns of Bavaria and Wortembnig were his Al lies, the same Treaty raised them to the Rov,lDig nity. " On the 11th December, 1807, the Ereroar of Saxony received, by virtue of the Treaty of Posen, concluded with Napoleon, the title of King. ;Did Europe dispute the legitimacy of these titleh-ema nated from the Imperial Power and from France ? 44 Prussia acknowledged the French Empire and the Emperor Napoleon, by the Treaty of Tilsit, July 9, 1807. The Emperor of Rdssia preserved his army, amounting to about 200,000 men, by vir tue of this same Treaty, which acknowledged, not only the French Empire and the Emperor Napoleon, but also the existence as Kings of the Princes of the Imperial Family. Finally, the Treaties of lath Oc tober, 1809, and 6th January, 1810, between Swe den and France, completes the acts of external po licy, which consolidate the dynasty thus seated on tire throne of France. All continental Europe, indeed, was the ally' of the Emperor Napoleon. 6 4 The family alliances of the Emperor Napoleon with the most August Sovereign Houses, tended to consolidate the social compact is established in France. His strong/5 , cemented institutions ensured the stability of the monarchical form of Government he tad restored ; they oppose,' an invincible barrier to the invasion of the democratic system. The Re volution. of France has taught nations to look too closely into what passes in the Cabinets of Princes.— It was under the guarantee of the Constitution of the French Empire—under that of the treaties and of i the alliances of foreign Sovereigns, that I became the Consort of Napoleon. It was under those same gua orantees that Prince Charles Francis Napoleon, born of our union, grounds his claim to the French throne, which claim the Princes assembled at this Con gress have so often acknowledged to be legitimate. A fatal war broke out. The Emperor Napoleon was overcome. You, Sovereigns assembled in Con gress, arrived in his capital at a moment when fa voured by disorder, a conspiracy manifested itself in favour of the Princes of the House of Bourbon. You might have dictated to Napoleon in his capital such terms as kvere calculated to restore a due balance be tween Powers, you would thus have consolidated in stitutions, whence arose the common strengths and the commen safety. This Treaty would have been faithfully observed : we have a lull confidence thereof. Influenced by the generous hope of putting a speedier end to the evils of war, and of sparing the effusion. of blood, you put aside the tights of the Efts perm Napoleon—you nested with those Princes to ?rams the conspiracy had giver. the Crown ; what lustre could such Princes shed upon royalty ?—The Emperor Napolecn at the head of an army, not numerous, but brave and faithful, might have de. fended his Crown; but to spare Lis subjects a civil war, he had already resolved to abdicate in favour of 4i: eon. Such was his determination manifested to the Allied Powers by the Dukes of Tarentum, Vicenza, and the Prince de la Moskowa, which determination them powers viewed at first in its right light ; that is, as calculated to secure the tranquillity of Europe. Events o Inch it belongs not to us to characterise, caused those just resolutions to be revoked. The Emperor was obliged to sign an unconditional abdi cation on the llth April, 1814; on thataame day he sebscribed the tteaty of personal safety, which maintain ing his title of Emperor, assigned to yam the Island of. Elba as his place of abode, and confirmed .to him the sovereignty over its territory. " The sth article of the same treaty assigned to me the sovereignty of the Estates of Parma, transmissible to my son and his descendants. " I will not discuss the merits of these treaties in respect of the Emperor Napoleon. They are more or less binding on him, in proportion as be exercised his will more or less freely is sigoilog them. Nit will. . simply siy. that he had not the power of disposing, alter his life, of the Crown which his son received as his birth-right from the French nation and its consti. tutioral laws. If the Sovereigns of France, no more than the other principal Sovereigns of Europe, have never been able to break through the established rule of succession in their own families, so as to transmit their Crown to their second or third son, to the pre judice of their first born, how comes it that the Em. peror N ipolext should be able to deprive the Prince Charles Francis Napoleon of his right of inheritance, in order to transfer it into foreign hands ? Can a conspiracy have destroyed by its irregular acts the force and virtue of the laws of the French Empire ? Can it have destroyed the royalty which the Prince, my son, holds of divine, as well as national right ? The Princes whom this consp:racy has put upon the Throne of my son, fully admitted these principles themselves, when they refused to acknowledge the acts of the Government, styled provisional. Ten years of free Government, acknowledged by all the Powers in Europe, at a time when the name of Bona parte was not yet inscribed in the annals r f war— fifteen years existerce of an Empire, the social con ventions of which establish the rights of the Emperor Napoleon, and those of his dynasty, rendered indis putable the legitimacy of his Crown. rs When, during my residence at Blois, I exercised the authority of Regent, I appealed to the devotion of Frenchmen, I received the strongest testimonies of their love and seal for the cause of their legitimate Prince. The presence of your armies, and the ten dency of your policy, forbade me to respond to the wishes of that faithful nation. The fate of nations being submitted to your award, your object will no doubt be to conciliate their rights and wishes with the rights and interests of Sovereigns, Circumstances have deprived my Son of his Sovereignty over the French Nation, and both himself and his People are equally injured in their rights by this fatal result of the late course of events. In this state of things, we, in our quality of Empress and of Mother, and before any authentic resolution be taken by the Congress, protest, by the present deed, against all acts of the existing Government of France, which has been esta. blished to the prejudice of the legitimate Heir to the Throne. ‘, We protest, likewise, in our own name, as well as in that of the Prince Charles Francis Napoleon, presumptive Heir to and Possessor by right of the 'French Crown, against all resolutions of the High Powers as,embled at Congress, whether taken collet- L tively or individu.illy. and tending to impair the rights of t h e Prince my Son to the said French Crown. " The Throne of the Prince Charles Francis Na poleon is that raised by the French Nation, such as it existed at the time when its choice and election called the Emperir Napoleon to the Head of its Govern. ment. But if, in the arduous struggle in which it has been engaged, the French Empire has been con strained by the force of arms to sign the Treaty of Parr, we think it just. inasmuch as respects the terri. tories not torin'ng part of present France, thit the conditions thereof be faithfully and for ever observed. To this end we here declare, that the present Protest solely applies to the illegal occupation of that terri tory of France constituting the present Monarchy. " Having thus developed her claims. the Empress Maria..Loursa, Archduchess of Austria, Duchess of Parma, &c. representing the Prince Charles Francis Napoleon, her Son, a Minor, requests of the justice and magnanimity of the Allied Powers, that the subject or her claims be submitted to the deliberation lof Congress ; and that an acknowledgment of the present Protest be delivered unto her, in order that she may produce it whenever it may please DIVINE PROVIDENCE to afford her time and place for that purpose. fg In faith of which, and to give all due authen ticity to the present Protest, she has affixed to it her seal, and written it in her own hand, at the Palace of Scboeribrun, Feb. 19, 1815. (L. S.) " MARIA LOUISA. IMperaftite. ‘‘ The High Powers assembled at Congress, after having deliberated, in their Sitting of the '24th of February, on the present Reclamation of her Impe. rial Majesty Maria Louisa, conformably to the opi nion of his Imperial Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, of his Imperial and Royal Majesty the Em peror of Austria, the Father of her Imperial and Royal Majesty the Empress Maria Louis i ; and from the respect due to the personal character of her Ma jesty the Empress, have resolved that the Act ema nated from her the 19th of February, commencing by the words • Maria Louisa,' and ending by those, written by her hand,' shall be inscribed in the Pro tocole of the Acts of the Congress. The French Ministers having protested against this decisive, have abstained from signing it." At this moment the King of PRUSSIA and a great number of diplomati.ts are assembled at Carlsbad. Our Readers know that it is no unusual thing for people to spend a portion of the summer at this mi tering place ; but, notwithstanding the common mo• tive of resort, it is surmised, in private letters, that some of the visitors are there for the c nwenience of hexing political discussions unshackled by the usual ceremonies of regular diplomatic intercourse. The G:rman Congress has finished its Session ; but another is talked of for the purpose of taking into consideration the • affairs of Spain and Portugal in relation to their colonies. • Let us hope that no such foolish project is actually contemplated by any of the Powers. It is true that much has bees said re specting particular negociations between Russia and which some are inclined to think may eVtik. 'Gaily involve this country in hostilities; but . ,ranch of this is as ;irs mere speculation; though it is;poslsible that iertaic contingencies might render it imperative on this country to interfere. Aiz.la.Chapelle is the place spoken of for the cocsideration of the affairs of South America. • Letters from Oporto, dated the 15th ultimo, state that seven vessels, with-troops on board, sailed on the 9th, under convoy of the Don Pedro, 44 guns, Cap tain Shx.ros. Tbtir dtsuuititin was not knuva. FRENCH PAPERS. The Paris Papers of Saturday arrived this Mom ing. It is now said that a particular t.sx upon p l y. visions, which the Minister BeLow wished to intro. duce into Prussia, was the only measure of finance which the Council of State declared thimselses in. competent to decide upon; and that the wound oat which the Minister propovd the imposition ut this tax was, the necessity, in the present state of E. rope, of keeping up a corsidcable military Force. It certainly, however, matters rat what the tax Mir have been, or whether it was only one tax es fil:y taxes which the Council refused to assume the rwtr of imposing, since the refusal was distinctly made on the general principle, alike applicahle to all taxes-- that the people alone have the power ut thc rn. iselves, in order to supply the wants of the ::ate, cmer which wants they come thus :o h.sve a natural and proper controul. Nor deer it lessen the importance which attaches to this rt rt of the Prussia e.. Coun cil of State, clntaiiiirg, as it does, so iargt of military MCP, c!!lat in l:furies; to invade t tights of the people, they have at the same time .uktitectly condemned the keeping up of that high military esta blishment, which has been made the pretext tot-im posing new burdens Upon them, and mil* thus Its duce the Government ti) the altern:itive'of either of its own avce:rd lowettog that eS(.4llllS!lli:ent, or recut. nixing the tights of the people, v.Lo alobe can sap.: ply the nte.ins of maimaining it. According to intelligence Ilona lUe a , the seventh corps of the Russian army, cantoaed in Volhyrria s has been j. , ined bi t!.e Lixth corps, and will be still halter reinforced by the troops which are returning from France. General Pleereeserr, the Commander in Chief of these corps, who is about to proceed on a journey of inspection intends, it is said, to visit the for tresses of Choczim, Bender, Ackerma..n, and Ismael, • in order to assure himself that these places are in a pro per state of Elefence, and sufficiently prov.sioned. The Porte, on his side, is said to be not less active in tak ing advantage of the present state of peace to fortify all the important points on the frontiers, the defiles, &c. All this looks somewhat warlike, and seems to countenance the rumours which are abro.id, of ap proaching hos:ilitie; between Russie ac,d Turkey. The Portuguese Covernmetit is saisl ut halt opened a loan of four millions, at an interest of six per cent. The squadron which is to convey the Princess ltoyal to the Braz;ls has at length set se.il (tont Lisboa icr Leghorn. French Funds, Ist August, CS francs, 55 :. INTTCII MAIL. • By the Mail of this morniur it appears t:r‘d,t z..r.re is a very active correspondence Ix t wecn Cin:t ! t, and which centres with the Duke of Wu f 1Ni:TOI. If we may credit the accounts by this Mail, the fart6et reduction of the Army of Occupation is already de termined on, and v. ill begin to be carried into effect next month : BRUSSELS, JULY r.o. The Duke of Wellington, when he rets , rned to the chateau of St. Marie, found there whole family; his son the Marquis of Douro arrived there a few days ago. On the 27th the Duke dispatched several couriers to London and Vienna. This active corres pondence serves to prove that important subjects are under negotiation, ar.d that the Duke may be con sidered as the centre of these negotiations. The Crown Prince of Prussia arrived on the 25h at Luxemburg, where he was received with all the honour due to his rank. In a few days his Royal Highness was to go to Cologne and Aix-le-Chapelle. His Majesty the King of Prussia is expected there ;n the middle of August, on his way to Fiance. Ail the accounts from the French frontiers agree that the state of those provinces is greatly improted. Corn continues to fall at the principal markers, ar.i the crops promise to be uncommonly productive. Preparations are already making for the graud re views which arc to take place in the course of a month, the King of Prussia being expected at Sedan on the ISth. The accounts last received from Paris give a favourable prospect respecting the farther re duction of the Allied Army. A letter, written by a person whine authority is to be depended on, says, that it is considered as certan that the powers have agreed on this point, and that the reduction may probably take place in the morals of September. FRANKFORT, JULY v 4. Since Easter the German Diet has decided sisteett affairs of General interest, and 300 private applica tions. The purchasers of the domains in Westphalia, who had applied to the I)ict, ate all referred, without exception, to the Hle►sian Tribunals. It is said that the Austrian Minister concluded the Session by a very excellent speech. PARMA, JULY 12. The harvest is already over in our Duchies. Never have the banks of the Po afforded such a rich crop of earn. Our river has made this country the Del.. of Italy.—We shall have a most extraordinary crap of maize. By the care of the Government, the c tivation of this species of corn has been rendered T.-/ general. ' The strictest measures are taken againFt the gars and vagabonds. The National Guard wods out patroles in the night to take gipsies who rove about, and greatly contribute to spread the infectious disorder. In Arany places orders have been given us pull down the lonely and ruined buildings which served for their retreats. AMSTERDAM, JULY 80. • Their Royal Highnesses the Princesses Dowagers of Orange and Brunswick honoured this city with a visit. Among other English travellers, Lord Hollind visited this city a few days ago, and viewed the Roy's Museum al:d utlitr vstablishments.