Star. — London, England, 1823-03-18 00:00:00

urplas, but it .is ve ry ears last past, the reve n " the expenditnre 01. leaving a real surpl us ) this he would add th e . and a further sum of of account, in 1816, was Ire; the whole excess hi" t 7,500,0001. Vet -with nd a half, and the sham it was stated that fifty. ed and thirty-two thou. been paid off ; it might e other side, and it would of this Sinking Fund no had been added . to the mtleman contended that -esent Bill, like the lash ing Fund. He cnii.ended s in this Bill should be days, to give the Housi the EXCHEQUER said, him to rei,eat all his for. this Bill; he %%mild only —he had stated, that on when our debt was at its del and unfunded debt ,000/. and on the sth of in 810,000,00 a here was and by that reductioa r oblic of °,000,0(X)1.. this, pied by the operation of crested that hi, Honour. had not been for x delay nonthF : this would have consideration. The 00. ntly for a Sinking Fund, re , s rig the Hue any 'lt he In List again piotest If there was a Sinkiag Id be cu, ined to real sti r. iiken or, the Aniiiiiry plan Ilonrurable Geutleinao the operation of the Au. I in its effect haki oidy to ble Annuity, for the jou. llor of the Exchequer a o the minket with to buy Ele cousideted this iney given to lawyers :tail r. There was also an° , s plan. A Sinking Fund )ostinity, by imposing a ation, h;lst the Annuity irg generation by impos- Ile could not suffer this ug again-t its absurdity. her tnis and if they s containing such an ab 4. -ation to duet: millions, he receive any encou. to postpone the consi. for six weeks. ighly satisfied to heir 'tiend who had last ad from the Hi pourable fact, that they consi. necessary:. They had issary tot the - reliel -of .fetid that it was Le tt: pre4.ent credit, and )gloss ‘vere c..ntent weakness and exhaus- Id- the Annuity pian, convert Annuities for in forty-five years; n expenditure at least night be applied either Iction of taxation. that a Sinking Fund ;shed, when the Right If admitted that the millions. The Right sumed that the present rted fi,•m its object, all former Sinking that 300 millions had Ind. The application. taken away flour - tit 4 the same effect would admitted that there (lions, and•not of five. exaggerare'tt)e. sum •nt plan xvas a' legacy Exchequer ; and the -!licacy, might not be zwise %%ould do. If sum of three millions iiness of the revenue, should be some se le public revenue.— ' selling an annuity ying Stock, as the He saw no possible reading of the Bill. for Aberdeen be .)ve that the sum t would render the tisfactory. It was try had a beneficial nuities spread over ie plan was only td tt the plan of the/ to change a life an , surplus revenue wat 'y that fell in front beapplied to the' the Long Annuities l a test for the pm . - r arrangement the terminable at 45 ars. The amount of was very trilling cluction of 24 mil- embraced so many lit 10 perceive how ,ous machinery of removed, he iouldi ration he lece to post for six y lighly- s: I?riend w • from I le fact, I s necessi cessary I ccutend r u e rilcss .weakne nd- the convey le in fc •n expel night b ction c • d that fished, It adr milliot sumed verted It all that 3 'und. taken the sa • .w adn dhotis, • exat sent pi Lxch elicac ierw sum • dines sho he pt sel .uyin . He rea ber f mo' at vi atisi ntry nnui the n. tat to c surp ney t be th'e d a .er et ear of reds 1 en nit bro ICE not vote with the Member for Aberdeen. HE should not object•to a delay for a few weeks. The tiou , e. then divided— For the Amendment - - Sit Against it . 109 - Majority - - —so The House again divided on Mr. BARING'S Amend *lent, that went to substitute three instead of five millions as the amount of the Sinking Fund -I'or the Amendment - - - 72 Against it - - - - 100 Majority the Bill was then read a third time and passed. POUR AND A HALT PER CENT.FUND.--DARBADOES. Oh the Order of the Day being read for the Com mittee of Supply, Mr. CREEVEY objected to the item in the Ord nance Estimates of 22,4121. for fortifications in the island of Barba.loes, as there was a particular Colo nial Act pa ,sed in the time of Charles 11. by which a JONI, called the per Cent. Duty was set apart for colonial purposes. That fund had been mi,ap plied for some time; but in the reign of Queen Anne had been restored to its original destination. Ile would therefore ask, how, with such a fund, that House could be called upon to provide for the expense of fortifications in that island? The Hon. Member concluded by moving the following Resolutions : " Resolved, That It appears to this House from the Estimate laid before it for the service of the Ordnance for the present year, there is a sum of E2:1,412 for erecting and repairing fortifica tions in the island of Barbadoes. " Thar by an Act of the Colonial Assembly of Barbadoes, which was passed in the year 2663, it was enacted, that for the purpose of maintaining the reparation of the fora, the building of a Sessions House, and a prison, and all other public charges in cumbent on the Government there, an impost or custom upon all dead commodities of the growth of the island, and to be shipped off the same, should he paid to his Majesty, his heirs and suc cessors, for ever, after the following rate ur manner, that is to say, 4} in specie for every live score. " That it further appears front the Journals of this llouse, that in the first year of her Alajesty Queen Anne, a Petition was presented to it from the Planters and Merchants concerned in the !stand of Barbadoes, setting forth the Colonial Act of Barba:irs before referred to, and praying 'that the said duty of 4i pc. centum might be applied to the reparation and building of fortifications, and defraying all charges incident to the Go vernment there, as the same was originally intended, instead of being diverted to other purposes, as the same then was ;' and that, in consequence of such Petition, the House did address her Majesty Queen Anne, praying that the duty nib th iit be re stored to the purposes for which it was created by the Colonial Act of llarbadoes, and that this House was informed, by a Message front hit Majesty, that she would give such inactions accordingly.' " That notwithstanding such specific application of this fund try the Colonial Act of Barbadoes to the building and repairing of j fortifications in that island, and notwithstanding the recognition of that law by this House and by her Majesty Queen Anne, this fund is now for the most part consumed by pensioners in this country, including even Members of this Iluuse, or their fami lies, whilst the fortifications and other public works of Barba. does are left to be maintained by money raised front taxes on the people; and that, under all the circumstances above stated, and adverting likewise to the present ,fflicting condition of a great portion of these kingdoms, this House considers it to be alike due to its own character and to the feelings of the people, hum bly to request his Majesty to give directions that the said duty of 41i per centuai in the island of Barbadoes may be again restored to the original purposes for which it was created." M . R. WARD had no objection to the agitation of this question at the proper time, but in his view -any opportunity might have been preferred to the present. It was an error to suppose that the House -wa s about to be called to vote money for any of the purposes mentioned in the Act of Assembly of 1663, for he was in a condition to shew that not a shilling now about to be required would be so applied : it was not to be laid out in the erection or repair of fortifications, in the construction of a Sessions House, or in the building of a prison, the three objects men tioned in the Act referred to. The great Naval Arsenal at 11.11 badoes was:or the service of the whole, of the West India Islands, and not exclusively for Barbadoes : and the workshops and storehouses in a course of repair were applicable to the whole of the Leeward Islands, and none of these could be said to be fairly included in the Act of 1663. Mr. HUME thought that no time more proper than the present could have been chosen for bringing this subject under the notice of the House; it was only unlucky that. the discussion had been postponed too long, for if it had been agitated year after year, from the- reign of Queen Anne to the present time, the point would soon have been carried otn e laughter). He meant, that if it had been agitated year after year when the Petition was presented, many -years would not !rave elapsed before the duty was ap plied to the purpose for which it was granted. Sir C. LUNG would not go at length into a subject that bad been discussed for four or five years in suc cession, the H. on every occasion having been satisfied with the arguments brought forward against the Resolution. No doubt, it the Hon. Member for Aberdeen could have lived long enough to have brought the topic under consideration every year since the first of Queen Anne, he would have done it ; but it.waf itleast equally certain that, if he had done • so, the Itiouse would, on .every successive occasion, have rejected his propm,ition. He begged the House to bear in mind, that the 41 per cent. dUty was given • in lieu of another impost which the Crown r elinquished, - and in order to obtain for certain possessors of lands a confirmation of their titles. It was not to be for gotten also, that Nevis, Montserrat, and St. Christo pher, had all made similar grants to the King and ; his successors, without tondition ;'and it could not be disputed that they were hereditary revenues of the `1 Crown. In the reign of King William, Lord Somers " 'himself had consented that the duty in question should form part of the Civil List. What Queen Anne did, on the Petition of the inhabitants of Barbadoes, was au nutter of grace. It was well known that, for a century at least, the proceeds had been applied as at present, and accounts at various pet sods had been laid ,tithout scruple before the House. Mr. Burke, when Ire regulated the Civil List, had expressly taken this fund into his consideration, and it was an attempt to tnislead th e H ouse to say t h at t h e mone y was appro priated by stealth, and that the Public at large knew nothing of the mode in which it was expended. Mr. BERNAL supported the Resolutions, and con tended that the Fund was an extortion, and though continued for a century, it did not alter its character. AkwiLmoT rerouted on the Hon. Member, that if his as.ertion of this 4} per cent. were an extortion, it would relieve Baiba...oes from all obligation to contribute to its own defence. They were at present Jr 3 ilig their time in debating a question whit!), how-, ! t ver Ithiper for di scuss i on , was b ro u g h t forward at an' , Tr", ta time. The appi opt iation of the 4i per cent:, had bee n the •..tme as at present for more than a cell , t-rry, mid had been know a to the ilemse ut CoMnionsi • k.:41 116 4 v:!iich the lion. Gentleman called an op. pression, stated by hilt as a motive for the People of England detirj2g a Reform, and as driving, them When to desperation. a cause was supported by such exaggeration, it was a good reason for doubting the validity of the arguments by which it was supported: Will the Hon. Gentleman say, that in 1663, the pre sent circumstances of Barhadoes could have been foreseen ? Could it then be known that its geogra phical situation would make it be chosen as the head quarters of all the forces stationed in those Islands? The Gentlemen opposite contended that every Island ought to support itself : but they could not at the' same time assert that Barbadoes should pay expenses incurred for the general benefit. The Hon. Gentle man concluded, by contending, that the sum stated in the Ordnance Estimates, was intended to cover ex penses not .provided for by the Act of Assembly. Mr. CI{EEVEY said a few words in reply, when the question was put, and the House divided. For Mr. Creevey's Resolution - - 56 Against it - . - - 80 —24 Majority ORDNANCE ESTIMATES. Mr. R. WARD, in moving the Ordnance Esti mates, observed that there was a diminution of ex penditure in every item except °Re, in which there was an increase of 7761. beyond the sum voted last year. He should confine himself at present to stating the several items, with the amount of eiminution. In the Ordinaries the sum was 460,3341. being 13,1021. less than the sum voted last year. The Extraordi— naries were 269,4644 being 23,279/. less than those of last year. Under the head of Unprovided, there was a small increase of 7761. Under the head of Su perannuated Military, the sum was 318,152/. being 1590/. less than last year; under that of Superan nuated Civil, the sum was 50,0741. being 14781. less than last year. For Ireland, the sum was 90,3131. being 63161. less than the sum voted last year. The whole sum required was 1,199,0001. being 45,0001. less than the sum required last year. From this sum there wet e to be deducted 38,0001. small savings upon various items of the Extraordinaries for 1820 and 1821, and 91,0001. for the presumed sale of old stores, land, &c. making a total sum of 129,0001. being 85,0001. more than the credit for last year; and the sum to be voted this year was s therefore 130,0001. less than the total of last ye.u•. Sum r.,:quired 1823 1522 Difference £1,199,000 1,244,000 £45,000 le.ss DEM:CT Small savings 4'53,000 Old .itures, &c. 91,000 £129,000 44,000 85,000 more credits To be voted .€1,070,000 £1,200,000 £130,000 less On the first resolution, that £48,027 should be granted for the expense of the establishments of the Tower and in Pall-mall, Mr. HUME declared that a reduction of four per cent. upon the whole cost of the Ordnance Depart ment was not such a reduction as the country had a right to expect. The true amount of reduction was no mole than four per cent. upon the whole costs. The resolution was agreed to. On the vote for the establishments for the Manu facture of Gunpowder at Waltham Abbey and Faver sham, the Royal Laboratory, &c. Mr. HUNIE objected to the unnecessary expense of the establishments at Waltham Abbey and Faver sham, which had cost the country £150,000 in the last ten years, and where little or no gunpowder had been manufactured. The inspector of gunpowder had been appointed since the peace, and lived at Fa versham, where no gunpowder whatever was made. It was only necessary to state as a proof that this office was perfectly useless, that Captain Chapman, the predecessor of the present Inspector, was Military Secretary to the Master of the Ordnance, and held other offices at the time of his appointment. Mr.WA RD' said, it was perfectly true that the ma nufacture of gunpowder was no longer carried on at Faversham, but that establishment was continued be cause there were facilities at Faversham, such as buildings, store-houses, saltpetre-kitchens, &c. which there were not at Waltham Abbey. It was true that Captain Chapman was Military Secretary to the Mas ter of the Ordnance at the time of his appointment;' but he retained that situation only for a short time, in consequence of the impossibility of discharging its duties. The reason why the Inspector lived at Fa versham was, that there was a house at that estab lishment, and not at Waltham Abbey. With regard to the Laboratory, lie thought the House would not object to the trifling expense of that establishment, while there was a prospect of accomplishing one of the most ingenious projects which his Hon. Friend behind him (Sir William Congreve) bad conceived, that of regenerating damaged gunpowder, in all cases in which it had not come into contact with sea-water. Mr. HUME considered the expense as much too great, and that the Officers of the establishment need not have such splendid residences. The vote was then agreed to, as was £8,585 for salaries and increased salaries and allowances for per sons employed in the Civil Establishments of the Ordnance of the first class. On the vote for £12,227 for the second class, Mr. HUME observed that this vote included al lowances to Sir Thomas Maitland, in respect of the deficiency between the expenses incurred for the lonian Lies and the amount of. the Revenues of those Isles. Mr. \V. SMITH concurred in opinion with the Hon. Member.—The vote was then agreed to. The following sums were then voted: £6561 for Salaries and Allowances in the Storekeeper's De partment. £10,82.9 for Civil Contingencies at the Offices in Pall-mall and at the Tower. £40,829 for the Corps of Royal Engineers. £26,304 for Sappers and Miners. £4,293 for Master and other Gunners. On the vote for £241,235 for the Regiment of Artillery, Mr. HUME moved as an Amendment, that the sum be reduced £15,000. Mr. WARD adverted to the inexpediency of lessen. ing the number of such a corps of Officers as the Ar fillet y, who were obliged to go through a regular coure of education and science 'to qualify them for their profession. He had the authority of the Duke of Wellington against any reduction of Officers. Mr. HUME reminded the Hon. Member that he quoted but year the authority of the Duke of Wel lington for the purpose of shew•ing that not a single man of the Artillery could be reduced.• Since that time a considerable reduction of men was made by that very autl n Alter that—a fig for such au therity—(.l laugh ).—He did • not wish to interfere with o single ilitt * ?; tt with the !ciente of the Of fi cers ; the saving .could be effected merely by brigading differently,—The Cothmittee then divided...... For the R eso l ut i on . - - - - 67 For the Amendment - - - 36 Majority - - --30 X 29,435, for the Riding Schools, &e. 6,939, for the Royal hospital. Mr. HUME thought the Director-General of this Department unnecessary, and therefore lie s!:tauld propose to reduce the vo:e by the amount of the Di lector-General's salari, 1,0951. which would reduce it to 5,84.2/. Upon this proposition, the CoMmittee again divided, for the Resolution GG—For the Amendment 27 Major it y 30. £6,899, for the Royal 111ilitary Academy at Woolwich 6,466 to be paid into the Excheiuer, for expenses of the Estimates for 1893. 140,400, for Extraordinaries for Ordnance for the year. 10,661, for Land Srrvlces performed for the year. 90,300, for the Ordnance of Ireland. 372,401, for Half pay, Retired, and Superannuated. hlr. HUME considered the superannuation of this branch of the service as most extravagant. Ile particularly instanced the superannuation of Storekeepers and Chief Clerk:. Mr. R. WA RD vindicated the vote, which was agreed to; as were the following sums, after some slight opposition. £lOO,OOO, for the Barrack Department is Great Britain, de ducting £tB,ooo tor the rent of Canteens. £107,995, for theßarracks in Ireland. 6,256, for eino!uments to persons serving in the Barrack Department in Ireland. 83,594, for the Store Bianelt for Great Britain. 8,000, for the Store Department in Ireland. The House resumed, and the report was ordered to be received to-morrow. Mr. W. SMITH said that his Hon. Friend the Member for Bramber (Mr.Wiibrrfurce) would have presented his petition this night, from the Quakers, for the gradual abolition of slaves y throughout the British Wm:pious, seen• it not for the indisposi tion of the Right Hon. Secretary for Foreign Affairs (Mr. Can ning), but be would certainly present it on Wednesday iiext. WA REHOUSING BILL. On the motion of Mr. ‘VALLACE, the Warehousing Bill was read a second time. . After a few words from Mr. Rosicanow and Mr. Alderman Tfinxisson, in recommendation of a mature consideration of the me:sure, it was ordered to be committed on Friday next. The Reports of the Committees of Ways and Means and Supply were received, and agreed to. The other Orders of the ll.ty were then read, and postponed; and the House adjourned at One o'Clock. EAST AND WEST I_VDIA RIVALRY. - Sugar is produced in large quantities, both in our West India Islands, and in our Empire of Hindostan. The growers of the former had exclusively the posses sion of the home-market till towards 1792, when, in consequence of the supply of sugar falling short for Europe at large, by the devastation of St. Domingo, the Directors of the East India Company imported sugar from Hindostan. • Before that time sugar was never thought of as an article of import from India: and from not being specifiCally mentioned in the list of articles imported from that country, was like other non-enumerated articles, subjected to an ad valorem duty of £S7 16s. 3d. per cent. In the iedr'lBll; when the produce of the West India Islands was found sufficient for the home consumption, the East India Company ceased to import sugar. When the trade . to India, however, was thrown open in 1813, it was foreseen by the persons connected with the West India trade, that the private trade rs tolndia wou ld b r i ng b ac k • sugar as a part of their cargoes, and they therefore' petitioned that higher duties might be levied on sugar imported from the East than on that imported from the West Indies. In consequence of this, 10s. more per hundred weight was levied on the former than on the latter. This higher duty was, however, imposed only for a time limited, which expires on March 25th. 11Ir.Whitmore is, in fact, to bring forward a motion on the subject on the 21st April; and the East and West India interests are mustering all their forces for the contest on that day. The East India Company are not so forward in urging the repeal of this duty as the private traders. The Company feels that it has a monopoly of its own, and every argument it can use against the West India interest may be applied with greater effect against itself. The private traders, on the other hand, attack the Company itself when they attack the monopoly of the %Vest India planters. Their object is to obtain the repeal of the extra 10s. duty, imposed on East Indian sugar, while the object of the merchants and planters connected with the li West Indies, is to procure a continuation of this duty for a still longer period. To this question, besides these two parties, there is a third, that of the cori sumers. They appear to have no advocates, except they find them in the Legislature, and except as the interest of the East India parry is identified with theirs. 'fhe two rival parties have put forth many pam phlets in • support of their claims, and the object of the present article is to give a short view of the prin cipal arguments used on both sides. We have bor rowed them entirely from the four following pam phlets recently published on this subject r--." On Protection to West India Sugar;" Anonymous.— " Suggestions on East India Trade; by J. Prinsep." " Observations on the Claims of the West India Co lonists to a Protecting Duty," &c.—Anonymous.— " A Reply, "cc. to vat ious Publications recommend ing an equalization of the Duties on West and East India Sugar; by Joseph Marryatt, Esq. M.P." Tae advocates for equalizing the duty; contend, that the inhabitants of our Empire in India have equal claims with the West India Islands on the pro tection of the Legislature: but at present we lay a duty on their manufactures of 70 per cent. on their agricultural produce or sugar, of more than 100 per cent. when imported into Britain, while we in At on British goods being imported into' India at 24 per cent. We discourage both their manufacturing and agricultural indust; y. But our subjects in India ale one hundred times more numerous than our subjects in the - West India Islands. The former are divided into, classes, having various tastes, while the latter consist of one-eighth Europeans and seven-eighths negroes, in the most abject state of slavery. They are Incapable of increasing their Consumption, their numbers even do not iniaease, and a Inure extensive trade than.we• now carry on with them cannot be "TiTrinor - trffiffhtte hag, the native s 6 ~nc~id have just become sensible of the value of Eurepead products: Since 1815, the expoi-t of Woollen! tel. India has increased 30 Or cent. and the eiport of cottons, from 109.4861. in . 1815, to 1,120,2351. id 1822. They promise, there:re, to become very ex:. ten.ave consumers of our wo ,, leit and cotton goods: But to buy they must sell ; and one of the principal articles which they have to dis.:os:, of is sugar, and the more we narrow the market for this in llitain and in Europe, the less ale the natives of India ca.; pable of purchasing our manufactures; By taking their sugars, we should increase indefinitely the itiar- Let for our own niantilactut es ; and as our consnity tion of their produce increases, their industry would be stimulated, and a cpnstuntly growing market would he opened for the productions of both coun tries. At resent the duty on sugar is so high, and on East Judi, sugar so much higher than on West, that, although the article is produced at a less cost in Bengal than in Jamaica, it cannot be imported into Britain, at present prices, without a loss. The advocates for equal duties say, therefore, that the higher duties on F.ast India sugars is an injustice to the-natives of India, an injury to oar own manufac turer, and by checking the trade with India, impedes the increase in the ber of our ship s an d seamen. Sugar, they further say, is a nourishing food, the - principal element in a great number of nutritive ar tides and wholesome beverages; and is already con sumed in Great Britain to the amount of 140,000 tons annually ? It can be imported frorri India at a less cost than from the Colonies, and as it is a general rule in rolitical economy, that the cheaper an article can be produced, the more extensive will be its con sumption, it is supposed that much more sugar would be consumed than at present, were its price permanently reduced by the difference between the duty on East and West India sugar. At present, every family in the kingdom pays for the sugar it consumes a certain sum more than the price necessary to bring the sugar to market ; and it pays this sum for the benefit of the West India planter and mer chant, who, notwithstanding this assistance, still complain of being engaged in a losing concern: they pay this sum also for the purpose of supporting the slaves in the West Indies, their support being the ptaweipal outlay of the planters; and so great was the danger in one instance of their being starved, that the Governor of a Colony was obliged to draw bills on the Treasury to buy food for them. By securing, it is said, the monopoly of the home market to the West India grower, he is careless of economy—has never troubled himself to introduce less expensive modes of culture—and is himself ruined by want of the wholesome stimulus of competition. Once' ad mit other sugars into the market on equal terms with his, and he will see- the necessity of exerting himself; and as the first effect of opening the market would be to lower the price, it is impossible to say how much the cost of producing sugar might WO , mately be diminished. Sugar is a material in several manufactures, and by thus keeping up its price for the sake of the West India planters, we do what we can to prevent those manufactures flourishing. . A large capital is employed in refining sugar, in making cordials, spirits, &c. and whatever keeps up the price of the raw material impedes - the ese; tions of our pet,. ple in these departments of industry, It is further stated, that the low prices, of which the Wet India planter complains, have not been ca used by the quantity of East India sugar already intro duced into the home market, but by the quantities of this at ticle brought to Europe from Cuba and the Brazils, where it can be grown at a much less cost than in our own islands, and which has consequently lowered the price of the commodity generally thi Cough out Europe, and by its being allowed, that sugar grown in islands which have been annexed by con. quest to Great Britain, shOuld be imported like the sugar of our old Colonies for home consumption.— The whole quantity of sugar at present grown in these Culonies . being more -than sufficient for the home consumption, the surplus, the price of which is regulated by what it will fetch in the markets of Europe, regulates the ptice of the whole, and causes the depressnm of the price of sugar, which the West India planters vainly endeavour to keep up, by ex cluding the produce of the East Indies from the home market. The capital vested in slaves and implements, by our West India planters, was laid out when prices of all kinds were much higher tharl . at present; and the price of sugar cannot again rise to its former sum without the Brazils and Cuba being swept from the face of the earth; consequently, that it is impos sible for the West India planter to obtain that remu nerating price he asks for, and that by enforcing the continuance ofthe higher duties on East India sugar b he only checks our commerce with that country, with out in any material degree benefiting himself. The higher duty, therefore, on East India sugar dimi nishes our commerce, injuresthe revenue, checks the increase of our shipping, impedes the progress of our manufactures, taxes the Public for the benefit of a few individuals, is an injustice to our subjects in India, but thens their industry, and stops them on the road to civilization. For reasons such as these, the private trader s to I n di a requ i re t h at i ts sugar shall be subjected to no more duty, in the home market, than \Vest India sugar. The advocates for the West India interest.deny, at the outset, that the natives of India are to be con sidered in the same light as .the people of the West Indies. The latter they speak of as Colonists—as an integral p2rt of the empire, while the former are a sort of futeigners, over when we have warped do minion, and are bound not to protect but to plunder. It is so far from being a Colony, that no English. man is allowed to settle in it without an express per mission. It is governed by 7i company of private traders. All the profits Vined' bf thedatlves of Hin. dostan enrich that cOunt,ry, While the wealth of the West Indies all flows into Britain. All the industry . of its inhabitants benefits our country. Notwith standing the greater number of the inhabitants of India, the value of the whole'expoits to and imports from that country and China falls thoit Of the value of the exports to and juiperts from the-West ladies by 1:1,524,914; and 156,424 mere towof British shipping are employed in the West lndiitrirde thi n ' in the trade to the East ladies and China. Tbe greatl4 crease of trade with which- the advocates for eqesdia.. ing the duties flatter themselves is •whoilynnagrmary; and as this equalization worild injure the Weer - faidia • merchant, it would ruin a certain and ta4ittleirik -tor one less certain aud le s s valuable. The natiyes of 1