Star. — London, England, 1814-09-13 00:00:00

Wow= NIGH PRICE OF CORN. In the evidence printed in the Reports on the Corn Laws, there are many calculations in the shape of tables, but ill adapted for inst :lion in the columnsof • a newspaper, and which we shail,therefore be obliged to pass over. But the Public ought to have a specimen, and they shall, that they may be made masters of the chicanery which very ;generally pervades these calm- Ltions. We take the first that appears in the Report (in Mr. BAYLEY'S evidence,) printed by order of the House of Commons of 26th July, page 13; and we shall offer upon It a few observatiorv. FOR NORTHUMBERLAND: An Estimate of the Expense of Cultivatinr a Farah of 60 Acres, in a four-course system, viz. • "TALLOW, WHEAT, CLOVER. OATS. ti Suppose the quality of the Land to be such as to to worth er2 an Acre ; the greatest quantity of Wheat. 'which such soils can be estimated to produce (on an IkVerage) will be, of Wheat 30 bushels per acre, and of Oats 48 bushels : _ 44 Therefore the amount of the produce *ill be; IC. I. J. Wiest, 15 atres, at 50 busbels per acre-450 225 0 0 • • bushels, at 10s. per hishel, - - bats, 15 acres, at 48 hti.llels per acre-720 128 0 0 bushels, at 3s. 6d. iver bustre4, - - time; 15 acres, at £4 per acre, - - 60 0 0 Value of produce .6 . 411 0 0 The tithe of which will he one-tenth - - 41 10 0 u The Egpenset *ill be, - . L• s. d. A draught of two hisses anti one man - - 300 0 0 Seed.-wheat, oats, and clover • - I. 40 0 0 Lime or manure . lO 0 0 Taxes (aot including property tax) - - !4 0 0 Harvesting,thrashing, marketing, mowikt, hedging,&& 40 0 el' Wear mid tear. looses. &c. " • - - 10 0 0 1 Interest on capital employed • .- • 40 • 0 lithe ooe•tenth of the ea t lue of do predate - Al it) q Amount of erpettses and !late Slat OF GO acme, at AtUn ant • • GOB 40 0 11U • I 0imm01imm.......? Total of espenieseittl rest ded Id 4 iralue a produce, koimALIK doers , 411 0 se ef Mance l*estbsilellognmti ehr " l " l 14 10 1s tiara at Ma per boast, • . 1f wettest had been taken at its. per bushel. the n la : . 6 additional value of produce woutd be • Levies 8 regale is fares" aids, natives', .of. . 80 0 " At what price would such Laid as that you have taken at it per acre, have let in the year 1792 N—l suppose at about half the price; all the leases have • ;monad, and they have beendoubled within late years; where there have been great improvements in our country, they have been trebled. « What vrnuld have been the expenses on that fagot , .. „ t ustim year , 1792 ?,--I think we had labourers at from • etokahillsog to eighteen•pence a-day ; they were at a ..aping SO years ago, 1 recollect, 0 What do you think was the average weekly pries :... . ~ Jahonrers twenty-five years ago ?--I cannot weal. . 0. exactly; but our Labourers are paid in kind .41anady ; all our farming servants are hired, and have a eo* kept, and so many bushels of wheat, se matey .of harley, an man/ of pease, and so many coals ; • • there We vajfbw day labourers with us,. 44 What do you consider the value, taking it id . Meaty ?—They would not exceed Bs. or 9s. per week. si whit are they now?—They have something .4. Allen of late ; they are irom 2s. 6d. to 3s. according : 4 0 the difference of the hand. . • « Then you consider labour as having rather mete then doubled ?—Yes, it has doubled ; and rather mote , within these five and twenty years. • If you paid a man in corn instead of mosey, you would give him a bushel of corn now *baryon used to do before?--=Exactly so, the same quantify of corn; they are always bound to find a woman to work.— Twenty years ago the women had 6(1. a.clay for thin sing .turnips, or bay-making ; they have now a shit. Brig; masons and carpenters had Is. 6d. a.day twenty , yeas ago, now they have Ss. ; . three or four years ago they would not work under Ss. 63. and the far.l men gave over improvements, because the wages of Workmen were so high. It should be itated,that we • ale not give our labourers any beer. « You stated that you valued land at . 40s. 'which - larfbre the War you valued at only 205.; is that land, r In i betteestate of improvement now than it, wasbefosie -. thatiess,?-4-No: I do not think it is, in the wheat 110114 ter wheat has been cultivated there from time imme. snorial; the principal improvements there have been is the turnip soils. • I « What do you consider the relative expenses upon', a farm, which you say formerly let at se6o, and would isow let at £l2O a.year ?--I consider them as just about doubled; about twenty years since, the - price, paid far making a new earthen quick fence was from, Is. 2c1.--to ls. ed.. per rood of seven yards ;at pre-1 • • sent, and for some years back, it has been from .2s. 'ld. to Ss. ; at'drat period the price of lime at the hdats was from Ss. to 35..6.1.-per cart load of twenty four bushels ; k is now from 6:: to 75. per. cart load : paring. was then dose in the county of Durham from -10 s. uplifts-per mee—enow it is from 20s. to 225. per 1147e4" . . , •.: -.' 1-. ~ • . •-': Inoue analyses,of. the foregoing we meats to be' lon , ' biief. Our Raddri Mill tbeinselvet find.ample i tooth to enlarge. 4c. "- • . . ' I. The first grand fallacy, that presents itself is, tak ing the return of produce and the expeescs, at the high , prices produced by thi,opatations of the s;ar, with-1 1 out contrasting it wish-the inices suitable• to a period i ref peace ; which ought to have been done, now that . 1 1 1108APART$ and his Mlle:hes' have been destroyed— i . except in as far as it is attempted to entail the curse of "Ahem upon Britain, by the sew projected Corn Regu lations. • . ' it is self.evident, that the price of labour depends • • eathe price of sustenance. , Reduce the one and yon reduce the other : and in the case before us, " the it N. - I' es I. le D. is It labourers are paid in kind moitly."-,The increased espense in making 44 a quitk fence," in yernenring lime, paring, tc.• is ()Piing to the increase in the prise of sustenance, for all of these are the direct ptice labour, or arise bons increased rants. Let it be recollected, that ihe circumstances con - .coed with the war, enabled the Fanners to demand sad to obtain unprecedented prices for their induce. Nothing could, be name natural that that - their Lana lords should desire to participate in their gains. The• unleased farms. of course, rose progressively from year to year ; and those on lease; as the leases expired, were raised in proportion—and tife fact is, that had corn risen to three times the price it attained, the rents would have risen:precisely iniptioixirtion. This is self evident. Ought then the increase of rents, occasioned by igvelititions circumstances to be perpetuated ? and by Act of Parliament too ? Let Corn find its own price, and land and rents will in time find their price. But then our Landholders will have smaller incomes than they have at present ! True ; but they will also haveless occasion for large ones; for a reduction in the price of Ct7.l will reduce the price of labour, and con sequently of every necessary required for their fami lies. Nor must it be forgotten that the Landholders have, no right to free themselves from their share of -the burdens that hare been incurred by the war, and to throw them on the rest of the community—that the Landholders have no better right than other men to enjoy a perpetuity of increased income, occasioned by lettuttous c t rcumstances is self-evident. Let us then contrast with the' foregoing statement one founded on the Peace-rent of 1792, which, according to this witness was then 81 for land, since raised, by the operation of the war, to 82 per acre. We shall not question the accuracy of the items of expense, which, however, we dare say. are not under-rated; but, as all of them depend on the price of corn, and will be reduced pre cisely in the same ratio, we may by the simple rule of three ascertain what would be their amount at any rate of corn less than 10s. or I Is. assumed In the foregoing statement. Let it be well tuned by the Reeder, that according to the foregoing statement ) the fanner at the former price would lose £l4. les. per annum on every 80 acres; and at I Is. per bushels; his profits would only be 1118. : Let us take wheat at 7s. per bushel, and the sits sad dower in proportion ; and the land at the rent of 1792• and see what would be the resok to the farmer, reducing his expenses in the seine ratio. Then vs oall•ha're for 4511111u4hels of Wheat. at IL . 730 lausbeli'of Oats, at 4144 11-sths Orler, 15 Acres, it 2 *. 16.. ,C 157 110 . U 4 44 0 ' Wisplt Produce • - 287 14 As these prices are taken - at 7.loths of Mr. Bawer's est:Wire, let us estimate thw expenses by the same rate of redUction, we shaP then have 7.lotbs of £905.; 10s. for ,isepvissies * ss. 'rsapist N. Acta • Bait at ies ges OA - Tafel Ihipassas and Rest . rrs 17 kasillit 111 LlV4illf of the cultivator the difference be. tweak. ' 7W I I it* Produte Uptown and Rest ProSt re tht Farmer of loitead of a Lou of • • • AO 17 60 • X 287 14 0 • 2111 it 0 13 17 0 11 10 t 0 The whale Difference will therefore be 28 T• In favour of a 7s. contraged With a 10s. price for wheat.—Let the Farmer and Landlord adjust their respective interests in this surplus, and not combine to put their hands into the pocket of the rest of the community. The same kind of fallacy that has been detected in the foregoing estimate mote or less pervades all that appear in the Parliameatary Reports. It seems to be very generally takes for granted, that the farmers mat towlines Se fury liss sans Isigi•rents that were °eta aimed by the landlord taking advantage of the high prices which the *sr enabled them to abatis for wheat.; and all the calculations and most of thoqueu. ekes seem to be artfully turned to shew :ghat pins the farmer should obtain to rouge him to **minas Da pay the high not which was laid upon him when lie .could demand and obtain. Mania" Rican.. for hit prodace, . Jo Lind and rents, Ste ever* *time MO of property; illonld be left to find their own kveL Only bformine tion of the price of labour (that is by a veduction of the price of com), can the &Ifni insonfacturte be brought into successful rivalehip in foreign ularketsi and only by successful rivalship-can the nation main tain that superiority which will keep our artisans em ployed. Reduce your trade, and you reduce your population.—Reduce your population, and you re- 1 'duce your revenue.—Reduce both of these, and many of your fields must lie uncultivated for want of mouths :to eat the produce. _ _ The attempt to keep up the price of corn by Legis lative enactments, is one of the most barefaced at tempts tn.plunder the community in general, for the benefit of one class, that we have ever witnessed; but it will not,be permitted. In fact, the amount oldie Imposition attempted to be. practised upon the Public.is greater than we have stated it; for before the war the price of wheat was 6s. per bushel, and at that price the Farmer and Landlord had a living profit. In our calculation above, though we have spoken of going back to the peace prite, we have actually allowed, Is. or an in crease of nearly, one-third above the old prices. What would these men have ? Do they think to bamboozle the rest of the community with figures and calcula tions ? Let them be assured, that Coder is under stood at least as well by our Merchants and Manu facturers as by the Landlords themselves, even when assisted by their Agents and Lend-surveyors, who cut such a prominent figure in the Reports before us, sod who, we doubt not, bare red reasons fir wishing a continuance of highlents. Bat they shall not get it all their own way. eW 110 TEL L ICR NU. INSOLVENT TIMM& COURT, SEPTEMBER 12. ' The Rev. J. B. Herne again applied for his dis charge, under Lord R.•desdale's Act, having been remanded; first, becauso it was alleged that he had executed certain bills of sale, to favour some creditors at the expense of others: secondly, that he had raised an annuity of £35 on certain property, by means of fraud, in representing it to be unincumbered : and, thirdly, that he had wilfully destroyed part of his property by causing a horse to be shot. The first arid second objections having been satis factorily disposed of. a Mr. Barris was called on the third point, to falsify Mr. Herne's statements on a former day, that the, horse, at the time of its being shot, was old, useless, vicious, and lame. This wit hess stated, that when the horse was shot he was in good condition; End that a Mr. Creswick offered to give 440 for it, but not till after the animal was shot. Mr. Herne agaih said, that the horse was vicioul and useless ; and that he csu .•,-d him to be shot tt. prevent him becoming food for the hounds. Mr Herne last mounted him dining the hard winter 1812, to hunt with the Crtvett Fox-hounds, on whi • h occasion he was lamed, and ever afterwards • fusobld' so much that he could Hot be in at the death, a•:. he had been accustomed to be. By selling him he should hot have got more than ,C 4 or in ; ar.l, he could not bring has mind to 11 the faithful servant of 14 years for that sum, that his remains might be eaten by dogs. Mr.. Commissioner Plasm said, that he did not like the transaction. He might have, as he ::ad, strong suspicions---bat he - could • not Proce•el ova ---- He must reipect the oath if a Cierg; man aaapicion. of the Church of England, who had ssVorn is Mr. H. had sworn ; and his representation that he hal not acted with a view to fraud. The Prisoner was discharged ; after having stated that the family plate was his wife's ; and that he had never done any repairs to Bloent's Court (Mrs. H.'s propeetyl out of his pocket; Blount's Colin being now UM to Dr. Hale, Dean of Christchurch, who had not paid any rent for the last three years. The horse was charged in the schedule, as having originally coat ,e3OO. LONDON SISSIONS. •.- 'Yesterday these Sessions were held before the LORD MAYOR, the RECORDER, and several Aldermen. Considerable difficulty was found in making out a sufficient number to form a Grand and Petit Juries ; in Consequence of which, the LORD MAYOR stated, that its future the fine-should be £lO, insteid of ses, for non-attendance an the Petit Jury. J. Wilton was indicted fur assaulting - J. Dye, a tic ket porter. The prosecutor stated, that on the 4th of July he was standing on his regular ground for plying, when the defendant, who keeps a pocket-book shop at the corner of Dean's-court, :it. Paul's Church-yard, came out of his house, and said to him—" Fellow, if yna don't go away I will throw a bucket of water over you."— He did remove abnitt seven feet. f.om the de fendant's premises; a. awithstan ding which, Wiison came onz with a watenng.pra full of water, and after pouring the contents of it over him, beat him about the heild with the pot, "0..1 he had cut his tromplf and the inside of his The prosecutor then attempted to defend himself ; but the niece ce he de fendant held one of his hands, while Wilson of ore of his arms round his neck, and with the tithe hanc, (to use the prosecuot's phrase,) kept peggi• a 10,9 at h:m. This statement wa' :orroborated by two ,f his hi low-porters, who harmed to be .g by ; and also, that after Mr..: ism had been patted from the prosecutor, he came to his door and challenged him to fight him the n.. is day for a gu;nea. On the part of the letendant, it w..s contenckii, that these ticket-1).31cl were a great nuisance to tors' Commons ; hannuch as they were employee! by ,the lower order of Proctors to inquire the business of eVeryperson coming to the Commons, and thereby to send them clients, who might be ignorant of the places where the more respectable Proctors dwelt.— The prosecutor had been ettrensely troublesome to the defendaat, vino had been obliged, on a former oc nallion is bring bim up before the Lord Mayor for leincring before his window. =. A person wed is employed by the respectable Meters as a porter, deposed, that Mr. Wilson came use of hie shop, and eivilly requested the prosecutor to go off his primitives, which the other, with much 'sinus refused to do, at the same time challengir. him, if he bad any spite against him (the prosecuto r to come out and fight like a man : that Mr. Wilson did then go teen his shop, and brought ont a pot of water, and that while he was pouring it over the pro secutbt, the latter, who had continued in a posture for fighting, struck him a violent blow in the eye, in consequence of which a senate ensued, and they were at last parted. Mr. Wilson then said, that be would see•the prosecutor neat day ; but be did not challenge him to light for a guinea. The Recontien, in summing up the evidence, said it was evident the first assatalt was committed by DU. I Wilson, and therefore they must find 'him guilty. • A I terdiet to that effect was returned, and the Recorder , ordered him to pay a fine of Is. J. Gillett was indicted for assaulting Patience, his wife. The proseentrix, an interesting young worn in, sta ted, that she was married to the defendant about a year and a half ago. She never lived with him, as he bad not provided a home for her; but she went to service, where he repeatedly came and created dis- I terbances, until she was obliged to leave her place ; the, however, procured anothersituation, where she became pregnant. As soon as the defendant knew tar to be in that state, he brought her a powder, and desired her to take it, with a view of destroying the Child. She peremptorily relived to obey this inhu man request; in consequence of which, he swore that he would knock her head through the door, and that It should think k no crime to run a knife through her. In November last, (she being then with child), he followed her from her place, Mr. Puckeridge's, on Snow-hill, to Islington. It was in the dusk of the evening, and, in one of the bye-lanes, he caught her by the waist, threw her against a paling, aid kicked her with great violence, swearing at her that she should not take the law of him, as be would not strike her with his hands. Soon after this she was Safely delivered; but in consequence of his ill treatment, it was a lung time before she could prefer any complaint liptita Mns hernia a Magistrate. When at last he was bernight•boftre "the Alderman, he agreed to `a <li.".ed of. sefraratimi, by which a: hound him elf to allow her a sum of money for the support cif the .child; but having never performed his agreement, she had bean advised .to indict him. As to herself. she wished for no Mainto4atice from him,' only that heswould allow. her sn'licieut to keep the child, and 'neither molest her 0 r it. .In his detence,.he utterly denied that beeves struck her, or wished ir desired li•T to do as she !41,1 .t ord. He was willing ,to maintain the chid as well as be could, being only a porter at the Castle and Falcon, Ald,:7sate-street. He called one witness, wits did not appear ; and the Recorder directed the Jury to find him guilty. T.c was then told hi:a by his Counsel, that if he did n.Y.,•before the neat ailiotonment day, makes proper provision for his child, the Court had him now ifrits rower, and would punish him most severely. He was admitted to bail, iu order to enable trim to make the provision required of him.—Adjourned. MIDDLESEX SESSIONS. Yesterday the Sessions for Middlesex cotanroneed before W. lidatowaansto, Esq. the Chiirman, and a full Bench of Magistrates. l W. /alums was indicted for assaulting am an named Hedges.. It appeared that the parties were coal. heavers, and were employed in workiog a ship !aim with that commo4ity. In coasequ-nce of some act done by Johnson, the deteadant, which was not alto gether consistent with lionoltrAle dealings towards his companions of the fraternity, having come to the knowledge of Hedges, he reported it to the rest of the workmen ; this had caused a rankling of discontent in the mind of Johns , a towards him, and.whilst tl ey . were working near each other. be Lsok occasion to heave a large piece of coal, as if by chance, in such a direction, that it came in contact with the prosecu• tor's head, and gave him so severe a blow its to lay him prostrate on the floor of the vessel. Tins was the assault complained of. On the part of the defendant, it was alleged, that the blow which the prosecutor received was not de signed, but an accidental favour. Several witnesses on the part of the prosecutor, however. stated, that it was visible to them the de fendant aimed the coal at the prosecutor, and the Jury. stithout hesitation. found him G.iilty. The Court sentenced him to Le imprisoned two months in the House of Correction. W. Bennett was indicted for an assault on G.Todd, .on the 28th of May last. The prosecutor, in this case, .was a linen.draper in the St:and, and stated, that on the day mentioned in the indictment, he was walking along the street near his own house, with a little dog following him, when his attention Was at tracted by his dog crying out, and on turning nomad to see what ace tsione'd iz, he discovered that a larger dug had come out of the shop of Mr. Stunt, another tradesman in the Strand, and was attacking his faith ful but feeble follower, very violently. Roused by nis affection for kis favourite, the prosecutor went back, and separated the two quarrelling animals. but had no sooner done so, and restored peace between them, than he was attack;A by the defendant, who, like the f rmer gmarreltotne animal, came also out of Mr. Stuot's shop, and who struck the prosecutor so severe a blow on the Lice, that he had a black eye for upwards of a fortnight afterwards. A young _man who was passing by at the time, but did not see the beginning of the fray, stated that he saw Mr. Todd struck. Mr. GurtNes - addressed the Jury on the part cf the defendant, and stated , that sti far from the defendant being to blame, he should prove that he was the ia. jured person. lie slit•all prove that Mr. Todd's was by far t!:e s:rongcst animal, and that he •was f ivied as a fighter. and, as such, prized and caressed by his master., He sit:1111r.! prOrcent Mr..Stuat's dog, which was a small span:el, was lying quietly at his master's (Mori when the prosecutor and his fighting companiva by'cbance passed by, and that in facfthe prosecutor's dock commenced the • attack. A shopman of Mr. Stunt came out, and eadeavonred to part the two aril, male, but Mr. Todd's dog fib - ivied the other into the shop. Mr. Todd following him, and apparently en- Soling the syort. The defendant, who was not in the shop at the time, hearing the noise, however, came op, and joined in endeavouring m put an end so the 'confusion, and for thus interfefing - with Mr. Todd's champion he was now put on his trial. This statement was proved by the evidence of S. Spading, Mr. Stunt's shopman, who first endeavoured to part thiclogs, and who stated that Mr. Todd struck hitts for doing so. On the defendant coming up, and Xmnonstrating with the prosecutor on his conduct, he abused him, and threatened he would give bins a ;toed hi dins, if he interfered ; adding, that fie did nos care for the la.v. • Two women. who were passing at the time, also stated, that Mr. Todd's conduct was most violent. They heard him encourage his dog, and saw him hold up his fists in a menacing posture at the defendant, and threaten to give him a good beating. More evidence was about to be called, when 'he thairinan interfered, and said it was unnecessary, and the Jury, without hesitation, - acquitted the defendant. An adjourned Middlesex Session was had at Hicks's Hall, on Srtterday, to hear appe,sls and bu siness not concluded at the General Sessinnr. An appeal was heard against a conviction which took pl tce at Marlborough-street Office, a fist/ weeks since, when a dealer and breaker of dogs, of the name of Helps, who resides in the Edgeware.road, wits con victed in the penalty of se3o, for stealing a dog, the property of Mrs. A. Wilson, a lady of fot tune. The defendant took the dog frosts the servant of the lady, in the street, and stated, that it was his property.. — He failed, however, to prove it by evidence, on Sa turday, and th e conviction was con fi rmed, o ith six guineas costs. Thursday, H. Bestwick was committed to Not tingham Gaol, on a charge of uttering a forged btll of exchange for £44. 14s. 6d. with intent to defraud Mr. Abbott, of Nottingham. Monday se'nnight, as Mr. Child, bookseller, late of Neath, was returning from Bath to Bristol, in coos pany with three men dressed as countrymen. wt knocked him down, beat out one of his teeth, and a spade gyve li in a dreadful cut over his chin. Af er rifling his pockets they took his money , and Lek b m senseless.,