Star. — London, England, 1831-07-06 00:00:00

-.oice of M. Perier; a courier from Petersburgh had brought the news, of which we have already a ppreciated the value. To-day, it is the speedy conclusion of the affairs of Belgum which is an nounced ; all is settled on the side of Prince Leopold, and the conference of London : there only requires one small formality more—a mere bagatelle —the consent of Belgium,whicb will not be refused at least as we think ! Tomorrow, without doubt, we shall be told that " every thing gives us reason to hope" the submission of Don Miguel, to the con ditions imposed by the French Cabinet, after to =new, that the executions of Bologna, of Parma, .3f Modena, have slackened in their activity—that -he dungeons where Italian patriots groaniwill be )pened—that Austria has withdrawn her troops — that the Pope has secularised his administration, ad !riven guarantees to his faithful subjects—all :)y the intervention of Pd. de Saint Aulaire. The :fusion n ill perhaps last twenty-four hours : it does not require more for the distant departments to make their elections, under the influence of the high opinion which the Moniteur will have given them of the politital skill of M. Perier, and of ~ he marvellous results which it daily produces. It is much to have in these conjectures so de cisive, twenty-four hours advance upon their adver saries, and two or three days advance upon events. The movements of troops towards the Belgian frontiers is denied, when it is notorious that the greatest activity reigns in the department of war, that orders have been given, regiments put in march for the formation of the army of observa tion of the North, which we have announced seve• ral days, without its having been yet contradicted. The Moniteur has told us lately the conferences was more united than ever; and we see to-day, in the evening ministerial journal, that the Belgian ques tion will be resolved by the agreement of France and England, in spite of the support which Holland flatters herself with obtaining from Prussia, and in spite of the great interest of Russia to delay the conclusion of the affairs of Belgium. These are contradictions which it would be as well to avoid, Then the ministers wish at any price to engage France to proceed to the elections, with a senti ment of complete security upon all the great ex ternal affairs.—Journal du Commerce. July is the month of the French people—the month of the tri-colour of glorious anniversaries ! It has proved that which the people can do ; the lesson remains, always terrible, always lost. When they had ingeniously formed themselves a govern meat; when they had entangled artfully the most numerous, and the most manly of the nation, in the nets of an egotistical legislation, a day arrived—a day ofJuly—when the people rose and broka these unworthy chains upon the front of their oppressors. The 14th of July payed for ages of slavery; then was tumbled down, with the Bastille, all the scaffolding of absolute power. The right of the people became a fact; and the work of freedom as accomplished. Since that new era, France lo !s experienced glorious and melancholy days ; s::e has had brief joys of liberty, and long ~ !iir, r ies of slavery. Popular rights have been, by turns., proclaimed and denied, put in practice, or ranged amongst impracticable theories. Now, forty-two years after the heroic insurrection of our fathers, we have singularly retrograded from the point of departure which they had marked ; and, notwithstanding example, has not been lost for us. We hare had, like them, our days of July—of those days which demolish Bastilles. The results have not answered the grandeur of the work. That which the people did alone was grand : that which was done by their pretended representatives is most miserable. And now we sum up by regret, mid we say—" Is this the fruit which we hoped from so much blood shed ? Is this the whole of the solicitude which they have for tho misery of the Fople, and the rights which they caused to triumph? this all the care which they take of that national honour, of which the people is so jealous ? A hand ful of men (if they were a hundred thousand, what then ?) beat a Government, made a King, and a Charter to their fancy : without enquiring about the popular assent, the Constituents on a sudden said boldly, that they were the nation, the people, and logic in their acts, they laboured for them selves alone, as if they once accredited the na tional sympathies, and the popular interests had no more wishes to form. Thus what concert of unpopularity has raised already from all parts against the new order of things, so much the tome lively, since it has an ancient suprise to re deem! What an anniversary the Government has prepared for the brilliant days of July ! The 14th of July (lid not save the Royal power from the rash enterprise of Varennes and Austrian intrigues. The ISth July gave also lessons which are for gotten. Did it require again that example to rove, that there is nothing good and national in our modern governments , but that which is done b) the people?—La Revolution. AUST RhA. VIENN A.-It is said, at the Russian head-quar ters, that the two Grand Dukes have received the order to quit the army, because of the misunder standings which often result in an army from the presence of such illustrious personages. The policy of the Austrian Government in respect to the Polish General Dwernicki, has turned against itself. It wished to prevent that General horn returning upon the field of battle, to combat the Russians; but, behold that, wherever he is coaducted by the Austrian police, enthusiasm bursts out on the part of the Austrians, and an nounces a sympathy which they had not even sus rected. That proves, in an incontestible manner, that the policy of the Austrian Government is condemned by its own subjects. Up to the present, the slavery of the press in Austria prevented its from knowing the public opinion of the Austrians. We know at present that their hearts are for the Poles, whilst Metternich and the Ob ,createur Austrichien are for the Russians. They reconet in the Gazettes of Bavaria, which alone have some liberty, details which are unheard of in the ostentation of the Austrian monarchy. When they knew at Trenezyn, in Hungary, that Dwer tiecki would pa6s through with his aid-de-camp, a deputation from the City went before him ; he I .3de his entry into the City to the sound of music, ad amidst the acclamations of the people. What brilliant revenge was this triumph for the Polish general, the prisoner of the Austrians ! We may j udge of the sad figure which would be made by those who, by order of the police, were charged with the procession. From Frenczyn to Pirzenan, 'here were continual acclamations. Everywhere popular favour condemned the rigours of the government. It was a public protest against the Russio-Austrian policy. These facts support the proceedings which the States of Hun gary have recently made. They prove that the Hungarian nation would not allow themselves to be conducted against tho Poles ; and that Austria, if she make war for Russian interests, will have to fear an insurrection in Hungary. It is a conclu sion which foreign policy will not fail to draw from the journey of Dwernicki. Austria has done well' to guard the Polish heroes ; it required nothing less than their presence to make known to us the feebleness of the Austrian monarchy. Whilst she is placing two hundred thousand men upon the frontiers of Switzerland and Italy, she would do well to place a few sentinels upon the frontiers of H ungary. —Le Temps. POLAND. A letter from Dr. Koch, a t t a ched to the Russian head-quarters, and which is produced by the Ga zette de Prusse, announces positively that Gon. Diebitsch died of cholera. This physician says that that malady did not reign in the head quarters, but that after the battle of Ostrolenka, the weather became very bad, and the army suf fered all sorts of privations, he foresaw that the cholera would declare itself. In fact, three persons died suddenly. The General himself was attacked; Dr. Kock, called to attend him at eight o'clock, found him past hope of recovery.—La National. The bulk of the Russian Army, says a letter from the frontiers of Poland, of the 18th of June, after having sent two corps into Lithuania, reckons still 48,000 Infantry and 11,000 cavalry. It is believed that these troops will be sufficient to manoeuvre upon the left bank of the Vistula, and perhaps seize Warsaw, the Polish Army being very much weakened by the late combats and the removal of several corps of the army. The reports from Warsaw announce that they are full of con fidence ; they count much upon the Lithuanian resurrection, which has assumed much energy, since the arrival of General Gielgud; and that it will be very difficult to stifle it. They hope soon to learn the taking of Wilma."—Gazette d'Augs bouryh. We received yesterday the news from Warsaw. The Polish head-quarters had returned to Praga ; the army had made an incursion into the Palati nates of Podlcquie and Lublin, in consequence of which tliechiefplaces of those Palatinates had again' come under the power of the Poles. The Russians were bearing upon the Narew, and continued at the same time their operations on the Palatinate of Plocz. It is believed that they have the intention to cross the Vistula at Nieschawa, nearly upon the frontier of Prussia, near Thorn ; where they have great magazines of provisions and ammuni tion which have arrived to them from Dantzic. In Lithuania, the success has not been less bril liant; there has just this instant arrived, at the head quarters a courier which announces to us that two Russian columns, each of 4000 men, the first with 10, the second with 8 canon, which had left Bezeck, in pursuit of Chlapowski, had been en tirely defeated by that General, who had taken the whole of the cannon. It is said, (but it is not certain) that the Patriots had taken Bebinysk. This would be most complete success. Gielgud has passed the Niemen, and proceeds towards the sea. The division of General Jaukowski yester day, went forward, on the side of Siedlic, to attack 8000 Russians who occupied that position." The corps of the army commanded by General Gielgud contains several distinguished superior officers ; amongst whom we name Colonel Koso, Chief of his Etat Major ; Pietka, Colonel of Ar tillery ; Generals Dembieski, Rohland, Sierakow ski, Szymanowski. General Gielgud conducts 800 prisoners, amongst whom are nearly 100 offi cers. General Sacken is wounded. General Dem i benski has joined himself to the patriots, by Olita. The Lithuanian General, Tyszkiewicz had already sent to him, upon that point, a courier, to announce to him that, on the southern aide, he was in com munication with General Chlapowski. Near Troki, , the Patriots had beaten the Russians, before even 'being in communication with the regular troops.l General Chlapowski was joined by two thousand young men of the first houses of Lithuania.- 1 In the environs of Rossienna are forty thousand Samogitians tolerably well armed and equipped. A citizen coming from Oltarzew to Warsaw, met upon the road seven artillerymen, with the Russian uniform ; he asked who they were, and where they were going: they replied, " We are Poles, of the grand duchy of Posen, and we form part of the Prussian army. The Government, in sending ar tillerymen to the Russian army, gave us Russian uniforms, as well as some hundred others : w e are directed towards the eastern part of Russia, and thence to the Russian army. We have reio'Ned then, as Poles, to profit by the first occasion to pass the frontiers, and come to the succour of our bro thers." This is the hundredth proof of the neutra lity and non-intervention of the Prussians. Let Europe judge now of the conduct of our neigh bours !—Messayer Polonais. Russia receives the fruit of her obstinacy by following up the insurrection of Poland with fire and sword. She has rendered Poland unhappy; she has put Poland to the last expedients, in order to make head against the enormous expencea of a war so prolonged, and which may still last a long time. But one event which Russia did not ex pect, is the insurrection of the provinces of the east. She believed at first, by striking a grand blow, to spread terror in those countries, and frighten the Lithuanians, as she would scare the slaves, or some barbarous population of her empire. Then she would discredit that insurrection. She miscarries in every thing. If the Russians shoot the Lithuani ans, the patriots hang the Russians, and cruelty is answered by cruelty. Russia, by wishing to dis grace the chiefs of the insurrection, has revealed to us herself the names of the principle nobles of the country. Her bulletins have announced, at least twenty times, victories over the Lithuanians; and always new troops harrass the Russian army, thanks to the forests and marches of those coun tries. At present the Polish troops organise the insurrection in Lithuania, and it will soon present the same regularity as that of Poland. The neighbouring provinces, Volhynia, and Podolia, are all embued with the spirit of insur rection. Even in finishing with the Poles, the Rus sians would have difficulty to stifle that spirit, and it may be the cause of ancient arbitrary dominion itself to fall soon in Russia ; for, in spite of all the despotism of that dominion, it is impossible but the same spirit will gain by degrees into the heart of the Russian monarchy. No doubt much time will not pass ere the Russians themselves demand concessions with a loud voice. The enthusiasm EVENING STAR. LONDON. WEDNESDAY, JULY 6. This afternoon the ICING held a Levee at St. James's, which, notwithstanding the extreme heat of the weather, was crowded to excess by a host of noblemen and persons of distinction, anxious to manifest their respect for so good and gracious a SOVEREIGN. Preparations are making at the Foreign► Office, on a manificent scale, for a grand dinner on Saturday, to be given to Don PEDRO, the Foreign Ministers, &c. Observing the barrenness of the Morning Papers with regard to continental information, we this day feel it a duty, not only to our readers, but to our contemporaries, to lay before them a selec tion of matter from the Paris papers, which we are much mistaken in judgment—if we are not warranted—in recommending to an attentive perusal. In the department of Polish news, our readers will likewise find some intelligence quite new, and some extracts most lucidly illustrative of the situation of the belligerent forces. On the whole, the view of European affairs, to be found exclusively in this day's STAR, must, we are assured, be duly appreciated, on a day when the Times has declared that " the Paris papers con tain nothing of interest to the English reader." As friends to the reduction of taxation, which of course is measured by the amount of revenue, we congratulate the country on fiscal assessments of one million and two-thirds less this year than last year; and on a relief in the current quarter of nearly seven hundred thousand pounds. A great revenue is a public calamity, not only by its severe pressure on industry and intercourse, but as the means of encouraging prodigal expenditure in the government. The public burthens in the year ending July 5, 1830, were 46 million and three-quarters nearly, and they are happily reduced in July, 1831, to 45 millions. This is as it should be, and we fervently pray that the diminution will be progressive. In the comparative quarters of July 5, of both years, the diminution has been no less than 697,6591. or at the rate of nearly three millions per annum, a relief for which the public will feel grateful to the economy of Ministers. In the past year the Administration, too, has been chiefly in the irksome and oppressive Excise Duties, which we are happy to say have been re duced a million and a half. The only increase has been in the POST OF 'lca which, as in some degree voluntary, may be borne without murmuring; but as 47,000/. of the 60,000 increase, arose in the last quarter, it may be considered as an incident of the general Election. Those who condole with the people on a hat they call a fulling of in the Revenue, must be re garded by all who pay taxes RS false brethren. They play too on a prejudice generated by the Pitt System—that the prosperity of the country is to be measured by the weight and amount of its taxes—just as an apothecary might prove the health of his patients by the quantity of physic they take ; but we think the contrary, and we are persuaded that all sensible people in England will think with us. In fine, the difference from taxes reduced might have been 2} millions, but it has been but l ; af fording a proof of greater consumption, and encou raging Ministers to reduce the pressure of other severe taxes, with a view to a similar result. Monday last we mentioned, when all our con temporaries were silent upon the subject, that the comparative defalcation in the Quarter's Revenue, closing yesterday, would amount to about £700,000. It will be seen by the statement, which we have this day to insert, that we may con gratulate ourselves, on not having misled our Readers ; and that the comparative decrease, as above accounted for, by a reduction of taxation, amounts to £697,659. In the HOUSE OF LORDS, the Marquess of SLIGO moved for the names of persons holding Commissions of Peace in Ireland, as we should hope, from late occurrences, to their extensive revision. Lord WYNTORD advanced another of his bills a stage, and without any objection or observation. In the Costmotis, after receiving some peti tions from Mr. HuNT and Mr. WELLESLEY, the Hcuse proceeded in the Reform Debate. After the repeated and varied discussion which the subject has undergone, in and out of the House, little novelty of argument or illustration can be expected. Nevertheless, there were some brilliant displays of eloquence last night on both sides, for which we must refer to the debates, in other columns. Mr. R. A. DUNDAS opened the discussion in favour of the amendment ; Capt. BERKELEY fol lowed in favour of the Bill; Sir J. MALCOLM against it; Sir F. VINCENT in favour; Colonel FRENCII with vehemence against it ; Mr. VER NON in its favour; Mr. DEA RING against it; Mr. L. BULW ER in favour; Mr. LYONS against it; Mr. GODSON for the bill ; Mr. E. PEEL against it ; Col. To It REN s in support ofit ; Mr.TitEvoa against it; Mr. Mac A U LEY elaborately in its favour, in a speech exceeded only by that of Mr. O'CONNELL in the last parliament; Mr. BANKER followed on the other side; Lord A LTIIORP of course in favour; Sir G. MURRAY against it; when Col. Sin- THORP moved an adjournment till Thursday, and Mr. HUME till this day, which was carried.— Thus 17 Members spoke in alternation against the Bill and for it. To-night there will be a division; and though the numbers will be an object of cu riosity, yet of the adoption of the Bill by this House there is no question. Of the two TITHB BILLS now before parlia ment, the object of one (the ARCHBISHOP'S) is the composition—of the other (Lord DAcRE'S), is the commutation of tithes. The first empowers the incumbent and the owners of two-thirds in value, estimated by the poor's rate, of the titheable lands in a benefice, to make, with the consent of the Patron and Ordinary, a binding agreement for a tithe composition, during twenty-one years, or a less term, payable half-yearly, and for that pur pose to appoint a commissioner, auditor, &c. The agreement must be signed and completed within six calendar months, and one part is to be repo sited in the diocesan registry. To the Court of Exchequer is entrusted the appellate power of decid ing on the due execution of the agreement ; an agree ment though not cited by the proper proportion, will, if not vacated by it, remain valid. To the Lord Lieu tenant is confided the power of appointing new com missioners. The commissioner's powers are very similar to the powers of commissioners under an Inclosure Act—they will make a survey, an award, &c. but will act under the advice of a barrister, and must submit their accounts to the auditor. At the expiration of the term, the composition may be renewed, on the basis of the old assessment. Com positions may, by a magisterial order, be adjusted every seven years to the price of wheat, but they may be made, invariable, for fourteen years. The composition is to be a precedent claim to rent and all other .demands. The incumbent is also em powered to make a similar binding composition for any particular tithes, but if the then occupier af terwards becomes the occupier of other lands, the incumbent is allowed to determine the agreement. It would seem that the powers of composition are intended only for the exercise of the spiritual tithe owners. We do not see why those powers should not be extended to lay tithe owners. The latter are frequently under as strict disabilities as eccclesiastics. Nor do we observe that the bill contains any provision for the appointment of an umpire. The commutation bill of Lord DACRE empowms two-thirds in value of the owners of lands to ap ply to the Court of Quarter Sessions for the issuing of a Commission, to commute the tithes of the parish into yearly corn rents, and to nominate com missioners and an umpire, or a sole commissioner. The Commissioners have the usual powers--they will make their valuation of tithe according to the average yearly value of one fifth of the tillage lands; oue tenth of the wood, and one eighth of tho other lands, and to the average price of wheat, and they are particularly empowered to allot lands in lieu of portions of tithes. After the com mutation, tithes are to cease for ever. The value of the corn rents may be re-ascertained every three years. The remaining provisions are similar to the other bill. The bill is defective in not autho rising a commutation of tithes with particular' owners. The proportion between the qualities of cultivated land seems unfavourable to tillage ; ne vertheless, by a consolidation of the two bills, with some additions and alterations, a very good measure might be framed. One important addition would be the power of making money compositions in gross, which is not within the policy of either bill, but is certainly worthy of being facilitated. Ano ther addition should be the exempting agreement awards, &c. from stamp duty. An alteration should be made by allowing the commissioners to make their valuation user subject to l.ublic and parochial laws, or not. We may perhaps bercafsr r revert to the subject. We confessed we had cherished the blpe th• the dark days of Theological Prosecutions t.a I passed away. We believed that no truth wai more universally admitted by enlightened Power, civil and ecclesiastical, than that appeals to the force of Law on matters of opinion were ncces=••r} proofs that the appellants declined to entiu-t then cause to the force of logic. We admit, that co:. troversialists may be very provoking to one arlutia.v, but this is an affair of temper, taste, and fancy, and as long as the question is a mere abstract opi • nion or doctrine, the mode or manner of argument, not being a breach of the peace, is no legitimate affair of the Civil Power. When JENN Ea first an nounced the Cow pox, MOSLEY and Row LL v only asserted that it would change the human ph). siognomy into that of cows, but would pr041:1 , ,: horns ; and they actually placarded in ti streets, monstrous heads with horns. This was their mode of reasoning, a graphic logic, au noying enough to JENN LEL ; but as a discus sion of the abstract question, whether you - pox was beneficial, or not, was no breach of the peace, and, therefore, no affair for the inter ference of law or civil power ; and as we now know none was necessary ; for in this case, as in all others, if left to themselves, good sense and truth prevail; and forgetting Row LEY'S cows, faces and horns, Jenncr is now universally recognized as a benefactor of the human race. Nothing could have Leen more superlatively ridiculous and impolitic than would have been the conduct of JEN N ER, or his friends, if by virtue of any old statute, or any construction of common law, MosLEv or Row LEY had been prosecuted, and sentenced to two years imprisonment, with security for five years, that they should not in that time exhibit any more cows faces and horns—and the exact parallel of this case is any appeal to law to obstruct any discus sion, or any mode of discussing any abstract posi tion or opinion, whatever be its nature. In fact, we doubt whether sincerity of faith would ever contemplate any appeal to the law of force. Would a man versed in the elements of EucLl D allow him self to be disturbed by any pretended refuter of them, or would he do other than laugh at any one who in his opinion degraded himself by sari - caturing them ? We infer, therefore, in regard to the Sorbonne and the Inquisition, either that the members yielded to the current of existing preju dices, or that if they acted under their own impulses they were hypocrites, and considered that if what they taught was not protected by the secular arm, it could not long stand, and, in truth, so in all Protestant communities it has been proved. We know nothing of the Suppression of Vice Society, as they call themselves, and we doubt not but that there may be well-disposed men among them ; but this seems to us quite certain that the great truths of Christianity, more even than those of Euclid, do not, and cannot, depend on their inter meddling, or on the force of any supposed pal ticular law. Let them put down the vices denounced in the Decalogue and the Gospel, but let them keep aloof from any and all questions of opinion, and neither seek to convert Infidels, Mahometans, Pagans, or Jews, by fine and imprisonment. We say this as sincere Christians, in the name of the tolerant Author of .our religion, and of all his apostles. Believing in it, we defy Hell itself to prevail against it, and we deprecate as the greatest scandal that can be brought upon it, that the secu lar arm of power should in any way be called to its aid. iVe are more especially concerned that this should have been done in an age of enlightenment and Liberal Government, but that of era could imi ' tate the Sorbonne, and the Inquisition, proves that wens' minds, like Cit ARLES the FIFTH'S clocks, do not all move with equal pace; and that in the March of Intellect, it is as in a convoy, there are some slow sailors, who, if not eespised, would ' retard the whole fleet. Our argument, it may be perceived is a purely abstract one.—We know nothing of Mr. TAYLOR, his prosecutors, the tribunal, or the jury ; and we inquire nothing beyond the fact—that TAYLOR has been ques tioning some recognized truths; and then, instead of leaving the truths to stand on the rock of their own omnipotence, or him to the contempt of true believers, he has been prosecuted, tired, imprisoned, and held to bail not to wage hi , war with truth for the future. ROYAL EXCHANGE, ONE O'CLOCK. Consols which left off yesterday at 83 for the Account, opened at the same price, and continue so at present. This is the first transfer day in Consols. TWO O'CLOCK. Consols which were in the early part of the morning at 834 for the account, have since litcoine heavy, owing to some money stock coming to market, and may be quoted to the present time at 89.j-83. In the Foreign Market little or nothing doing. THREE OTI.OOA. STOCK Ext.:o AN tiEe—Bank Stock, —. Three per Cent. 82 If. Three ;er Cent. I •4"ola, tx d. Three and a Halt pti t er r .. 1815, 89,1.. Time and • Halt per Ccn:. Red. 831 11. Three anti a Hatt I,t-it cent. New, 891 d f ex div. kola per Cent. 1826, Lon g Annuities, Jan. 1300, 10 111.16. Anttulties, Oct. 1859, Itif. I ndia Stock, —; do. Bonds. —. Ntw At.nuities, 801 ex div. .LlOOO Exchequer Bilis, 12 13; £5OO ditto, 14; £lOO and A2OO ditto. 11 14 ; Advertised, —. Cuts soh for Acct, 831 21. The Queen was Letter yebterday, and in the afternoon took an airing in an oetn landau and tour, up Regrnt.street, round the Regent's-park, and returned by Cumberland•gate through Hydcapark and Sc. Jamteal ail, to the Palace. inspired by the heroic conduct of a people who fight for liberty, is a terrible enemy to arbitrary governments ; the Revolution of Paris sets a high value upon the liberties of Belgium and Germany ; we shall soon see the Russian people profit from the revolution of Poland and Lithuania.—Le Temps. The Russian army appears decided to concen trate upon the Vistula between Plock and Medlin. This movement appears to have two objects : the one to pass upon the left bank and to attack Warsaw, without having to force Praga, and the formidable positions which defend it ; the second to remain constantly supported upon the Prussian frontiers, and of drawing thence provisions and ammunition, which they cannot receive henceforth from the Russian Provinces, in consequence of the immense developementwhich the insurrection in Samogotia and Lithuania does not cease to take. This plan of General Toll was that of Marshal Diebitsch, its realization would cause us some fears, if we did not know that the forces of Gen. Skrzynecki are now more considerable nume rically than those which compose the principal corps of Russians. Whilst the centre and right wing of the Russians concentrate upon the Lower Vistula, and think to pass upon the left bank ; their left wing remains in the Palatinate of Lublin, entirely separated from all the other corps. That isolated position is so sufficiently critical, that w e do not regard it as impossible to hear, in some days, of the total dispersion of the regiments which are found abandoned, in that direction, so far from the right bank of the Vistula. The news which wo have received to-day from the patriot provinces continues to be favourable. We will not speak of the open intervention of Prussia, of the succours of all kinds which she furnishes to the Russians, of the inimical measures which she does not cease to take against the Poles. They are facts of which the simple declaration is sufficient to disgrace every policy and every epoch.— La Revolution. ;:f • , ! tli ; t 1 , t r c ,