Star. — London, England, 1826-09-11 00:00:00

P ► r.... ~J . ' 4 Y' 7.•'11••• .• •-••fr: • • . , . . -.. . . ~. .• .. r. r ...- -4 , 4 . -.1. .\•I • . • : . '' , , -, Ale' . " 4., •• ..f "e'. ^rde" .. t 1 I I • ••••• -......1 .. 4 ". . A / ' li ?..! . .......f . :.. : : • ~. , ..... t .. b' ....; ‘,. .r ) ,.. ~ .4 i i# ~,liv.t . ..ti ,: : i r l / 4 1 ...• .' . + v. • 1...4 • 4. .. ~...,,,, .: 7,,,.., , -.71 : , : l - 1 I , -Nrtli...• --;-i ; 1 1 i s, / -1.. t- -- • • •• ..... ... 6 . f r./11111 lior • . . ... ~ _ .. , , f . 4.-7 11 * .. • . .. ... 0 fokb.. .-•-- 1 41 - - )1( - . -- - fa t , ... ..., .•• v 0 et _ . ... •. f a NUMBER 12,340.] SICTUALLING OFFICE, My 5, 1826. THE. : CO vymtayßizs for VICTUALLING his iItIJEST'rS Nit vr, 4c. do Iscreby ix Notice, That on Timm:my the 28th September next, they will be ready to receive Tenders in writing (sealed up) and treat for the supply to rhis Departmeet, of a quantity of SALT M RAT, equal to FOUR THOUSAND NAVY TIERCES of BEEF, Irish, and SIX THOUSAND 11 AVY. TIERCES of PORK, all to be cured In the ensuing Season, and to be delivered Four-fifths part thereof in Tierces, and the remaining Fifth part in Barrels, into his Ma- jesty's Victualling Stores at Deptford, Portsmouth, add Plymouth, in such proportions as ,haH hereafter be required t one half thereof on or before the 28th day of February, and the other half on or before the 31st day of May, 1827. In the event, however, of the Board not accepting any of the Tenders which they may receive on the 12th September (in pur 'trance of another advertisement of this date), for the supply of SALT MEAT at GIBRALTAR and the WEST INDIA ISLANDS and COLONIES, the thrther quantity of FOUR THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED TIERCES of BEEF and FOUR THOUSAND FIVE HONDRED TIERCES of PORK will be required for delivery at Deptford, and in that case may be Tendered for on the 26th with the quantities &bowmen tioneti ; the whole to be paid for as usual, by Bills without In terest, payable at sixty days' date. The Conditions of the Contracts may be seen at this Office, or by applying to Mr. S. W. Dunsterville, Agent for the Victualling at Cork ; to the Collectors of his Majesty's Customs at Limerick, Belfast, Newry, and Waterford ; and to the Secretary to the Post Master General at Dublin respectively. No Tender for a less quantity than shall be equal to Three Hundred Tierce* of Beef, or Three Hundred Tierces of Potk, will be admitted. Each Tender must specify the price in words at length, and be delivered to t►e Board before One o'Clock in the day appointed; and must be accompanied by a Letter signed by two responsible Persons engaging to become bound with the Party tendering in the penal sum of one-third of the amount of the Contract for the due performance of the same. The Person who makes the Tender, or some Person on his behalf, must attend to ansWer when called for. IL W4LLER CLIFTON. FICTILMLING OFFICE, July s, 1826. THE COMMISSIONERS for VICTUALLING his MAJESTY'S APP, dc. ctohesetry sire notice, That on TOZSDAT, the I gth of September nest, they will be ready to receive Tenders in writing (sealed up) and treat for the supply on separate Contracts of suds quantities of IRISH BEEF and PORK as may be demanded for the use of His Majestys Troops at GIBRALTAR, GRENADA, ANTIGUA, TOBAGO, BABBADOBS, TRINIDAD, BERBICE, ST. LUCIA DOll I CA, ST. KITTS, DEMERARA. ST. VINCENT, for Twelve Months certain. from the 24th Joon, 1527, the sure_ gate amount of which is estimated at about FOUR THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED TIERCE., of BEEF, and FOUR THOU SAND FIVE HUNDRED TIERCES of PORK. The Conditions of the Contracts may be seen at this Office, or by applying to Mr. J. W. Donarnavuzit, Agent for the Victualling at Cork. Each Tender must specify the price in words at length, and be delivered to the Board before One o'clock on the day appointed ; and must be accompanied by a Letter signed by two responsible Persons, engaging to become bound with the party tendering, in the penal Sum of One Third of the amount of the Contract, for the due performance of the same. The Person who makes the Tender, or some Penon on his behalf, must attend to answer when called for. 11. WALLER CLIFTON. ST. THOMAS'S HOSPITAL. THE AUTUMNAL COURSE of LECTURES w ill commence on MONDAY, the 2d of OCTOBER. Theory and Practice of Bleditine—Dr. Waitaxs and Dr. Lumen. Materia Medics—Dr. goon. - Chemistry—Dr. Bousos. Anatomy—Mr. tugs and Mr. .10111( F. &mu. Surgery—Mr. Galas. Midwifery; —D r . Lococc. Comprrative Anatomy—Mr. Jour F. Sousa. Diatiny—Dr. LUSH. CLINICAL LECTURES WILL BE GIVEN. Pupils snoring to the Surgical Practice of this Hospital are allowed to attend that of Guy's. For Particulars apply to Mr. Whitfield, Apothecary to St. Thmsas's Hospital. THE LAST INVITE To gain THIRTY THOUSAND POUNDS is now before you, as BY WARRANT of the LORDS of the TR EASUIIM, WEDNESDAY, 18th Nest Month (October), ALL LOT: TERMS END FOR EVER. A It ft 0 L L, Contractor, solicits Public favour for ‘../ a Firewell venture in this Last and only Lottery that will ever be submitted, embracing, in magnitude and number, a greater display of Capitals than were ever known before. Being SIX PRIZES OF £30,000! No Ranks! every Ti:ket a Prize ! forming the unequalled ag gr.:;;lte of £389,000! All in One Dry! WEDNESDAY, 18th Norxt Month (October) then All Lotteries End for Evert Tickets and Share+ are Selling by CARROLL, Contractor, IR, Cornhill; 7, Charing-cross ; and 26, Oxford street, where he within a short period, 4 Prizes of £30,000! 4 Prizes of 50.000! And other Capitas in form:r Lotteries, exceeding A MILLION STERLING! TIM GRAVEL AND STONE, LUMBAGO, &c. lIICKMAN'S PILLS are allowed to be the most successful Pc T aratioa for effectually removing, and pro ye,iting the future recut rence of those Disorders which arise front imperfect action of the Urinary Organs, as Gravel and Stone I..nnhago, Pains in the Back and Loins, Ste. Composed of the most innocent ingredients, this truly valuable Medicine relieves the sorering patient from the excruciating tortures of those diseases• without any violence or injury to the constitution, and requires no );:htienivist ttryestraint of diet during its use. jt is one of the oldest Pahl': Medicines extant; audits peculiar virtues and efficacy have ; , nifornoly maintained the 'highest reputation. h. 4,1 in Boit:4, at 4:is. 9d. and 1 Is. by Cutlers, Chemists, 4, Cheap— side, cnr:ter of St. Paul's, London; and 54, Sackville-street, a:id 7t, Princes -street, Edinburgh; Savory and Co. 136, Ne'.v loud-t:rert, and 220, Regent-street ; and by the principal Me:Arise Venders throughout the United Kingdom. (h whom may be had, BUTLER'S CAJEPUT OPODEL LOC,strongly recommended In Chronic Rheumatism, Spasmodic Affection,, Palsy, Stiffness and Enlargement of the .Tviuts, Sprains, /scants, &c. Iu Dottlts, st-sis. [ONDAY EV This Jay was pubil;hed, In Two large Vol A. svo. illustrated with original Maps, numerous Views, &c. price £2 boards, rfiItAVELS in CHILE and LA PLATA. incluiing JL Accounts respecting the Geography, Geology, Statistics, Go •ernment, Finances, Agriculture, Commerce, Manners, and Cus toms, and the Muting operations in Chile, collected during a resi dence of several years In these countriet. By JOHN MISR& London: Printed for Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy. " Notwithstanding the number of publications which have is sued from the press of late years, we find a good deal both of new and valuable intelligence, in these volumes. We do not allude,' however% so much to the well concocted view of historical and political events, which the author has given, as to his own ohserva tient on the country, during a residence of several years, and cape, Aly to what he says respecting the mining operations."—Literary Gazette, Aug. 12. " Our stock of information respecting the countries of Chile and La Plata has been materially increased, by the perusal of these Volumes."—New Monthly Mag. for September. " Certainly, neither the very excellent book of Captain Basil Hall, nor that of Mrs. Graham, nor any other we have seen, is entitled to more attention for the fulness aad variety of its instruc- - tion."—Londoo Mag. for Septem•*er. ENGLISH GRAMMAR FOR YOUNG LADIES. This day was published, the Third Edition, with cnniiderabk Ad ditious and Improvements, price ss. half-bound, CONVEItSATIONS on ENGLISH GRAM MAR. in a Series of Familiar and Entertaining Dialogues between a Mother and her Daughters, in which the various Rules of Grim mar are Introduced and explained in a manner calculated to excite the attention of Children, and at the same time to convey to their minds - clear and comprehensive Ideas of the general principles of w,angstage, adapted to the Use of Schools, as well as to Private Tuition. By HONOItIA WILLIAMS. Printed for Geo. B. Whittaker, Ave Maria-lane. 4 THE FRENCH LANGUAGE. This day was published, a New Edition, price ss. bound, ATHEORETICAL and PRACTICAL GRAM MAR of the FRENCH LANGUAGE, with numerous listructive Exercises. By C. GROS. • KEY to the EXERCISES is also published, price lls. 6d. W. • A NRW METHODICAL SPELLING-BOOK of the FRENCH TONGUE, in which Theory and Practice are united, and the Lessons classified according to Dr. Mayor's Method. By C. Gros. Price 2s. bound. Also, price ss. one sheet of drawing paper, coloured, A NEW ANALYTICAL TABLE of the GENDER of all the FRENCH SUBSTANTIVES generally used. By Co Grog. Printed for Oro. B. Whivaker, Ave Dlaria.lane Loudon. CUVIRWS NATURAL HISTORY. - This day was published, the Tenth Pan of THE ANIMAL KINGDOM Described and Ar ranged in conformity with its Organisation, by the Baron Colder, Member of the Institute of France, &c. dce. With Ad. ditional descriptions of all the Species !althea* named, of many not before noticed, and other original matter. By - EDWARD GRIFFITH, F.LS: And Others. Embellished with splendid Engravings, Welly from Living Subjects. Price, in demy tvo. 12s. in royal Bvo. lßs. or with the Plates carefully coloured. 241. and in demy 4to. with Proof Impressions of the Plates, on India paper, 245. The Subscribers are informed that the Class Mammas of the Animal Kingdom will be completed, with the Twelfth Part, with which Title-pages will be given; and forming the First Four Vo-, Mmes of the Work. Printed for Geo. B. Whittaker, An Maria•iane. NAVIGATION LAWS. SPERMS OP THR NIGHT HON. W. HUSICISSON IN TM* 1:1(AISE OP COMMONS, FRIDAY, Till 12TH OF MAY, 1826, ON THS PISSENT STATIC OF Till SHIPPING INTRUST. (Continued from our hit.) After the general pacification of Europe, but before we dismantled our fleet. we insisted on the powers of Barbary desisting from the practices of maritime war. fare, carried on by cruisers under their flags, in the Mediterranean. These corsairs were constantly taking prisoners, either for the sake of ransom, or for the pur pose of carrying them into slavery. Whilst this system was tolerated, scarcely any trading vessels, those of Great Britain excepted, could navigate that sea in safety. In this state of things, it was highly honour. able to this country to have used her naval power—the dread of which had constantly ensured respect for her own flag—for the purpose of procuring an equal degree of security for the navigation of all Christian States.-- This was no positive duty which we were bound to per. form. We were not called upon by an international engagement, nor by any moral obligation, as in the case of the Slave Trade. The act was one of spon- ' taneous generosity. But, however high-minded in principle, it is not the less true that the result of our interference was injurious to the Shipping Interest of this country, in the Mediterranean. Since the bom bardment of Algiers, the flag of every State, bordering on that sea, floats in equal security with our own. I am not accurately informed what was the quantity of British shipping employed in the carrying and coast ing trade of those States before this change, but I have heard it stated, in this House, by one likely to be well informed—the late Mr. Marryat—that from eight to ten thousand [Mash seamen, and from seven to eight hundred B. iti,h vessels,were engaged in that commerce. Cmsequently, to that extent has the employment for British ships been diminished in the Mediterranean. But these were not the only circumstances, at the close of the late war, which had a tendency to reduce the amount of our shipping. With the termination of host ilities, there was necessarily a diminished demand for ships in the public service. The greatest proportion of those which had been taken up as hired transports was discharged. I have obtained a statement of their number and tonnage, as they stood at the termination of the war—and of the number and tonnage of those employed at the present period. The diminution is not lest than 1,226 vessels, amounting to 270,382 tons. In the next place, we had to sell out of the King's service a number of vessels, which were no longer wanted in the Navy. I do nnt.advert to ships of the line, or to frigates of the large class, which are always sold, subject to the condition, that they shall be broken up. Of this latter description of ships I take no notice ; but ecnfine my statement to vessels of smaller burthen, adapted to other purposes than those of war, and which are consequently nut required to be so. broken up. Of this class, there has been sold no less a ',umber than 333, the amount of their tonnage being 93,530 tuns. So that, if we Add to the 'nuntber of trans ports disch aged the number of ships sold, we shall find - G, SEPTEMBER 11, 1826. that 'his lii.fjeity's Government have set free, to compete with the.tonimercial marine of the country, 1 559 ves sels, amounting in tonnage to 363,912 tons; a quart ti:y nearly equal to one-fourth of the who's shipping of the country, as it stood in the year 1793, at the corn mencem nt of the late N ar. But this is not all. If the difference of circumstances under which trade iecarried on, in time cf peace and in time of war, be taken into consideration, we shall find that, in the former period, a much smaller number 've,sels is required for the same extent of transactions, than in the latter. In time of peace, the moment a ship has landed her c irgo, she is at liberty to sail again, and is dispatched on another voyage as soon as pos. sibe. During the last war, we were obliged, in almost all cases, to place our merchant ships under the pro tection of convoy ; and, its spite of all the exertions of the Admiralty, it was fiequently difficult to provide i convoys as expeditiously as the interests of commerce would have required. Four or five hundred merchant inen were sometimes collected together at one point, before the required protection could be afforded to them. And when, at length, these large bodies shipping did proceed to sea, they were under the neces sity of keeping together; So that the rate of sailing, during a whole voyage, 'was necessarily to be regulated by the progress of the slowest sailing vessel. In time of peace it is otherwise. Ships can then traverse the ocean singly, without fear of interruption ; and in their passage from one port to another, as well as in loading and unloading, every exertion is used to ensure dispatch. An instance occurred lately, at Liverpool, of a large West lndiaman arriving from Barbadoes, landing her cargo, and sailing again for that Island in the course of one week. The multiplication and convenience of Docks have also greatly contributed to obviate delay in the discharge and leading of vessels. Upon the whole, I shall not be overstating the proportion, when I say that two thirds of the number of vessels, necessary in time of war, are fully sufficient for all the purposes of the same extent of commerce in time of peace. There is yet another circumstance to which, before I quit this part of the subject, I must refer. I mean the alteration made in the year 1815, in the Foreign Corn trade of the country. During the war, this trade afforded regular employment to no inconsiderable quan tity of shipping, but since the law has been altered, and the ports have been generally shut against the impor tation of Foreign Corn, that employment has ceased.— In a desultory intercourse, like that which alone can exist under the present law, the opening of the ports being sudden, and, in most cases, uncertain, till the quarterly average is declared, it is almost impossible that the trade, when permitted, should not fall into the hands of the foreign ship-owner. The period for which the ports may continue open being limited to a few weeks, the persons who wish to take advantage of that opening, instead of fitting out ships in our ports, send their orders to the Continent, with directions to forward the Corn by any vessels that can be procured on the spot. Hence the almost exclusive employment of foreign shipping in this occasional trade. I must now ;rave the indulgence of the House while I thew what was the situation of this country, with re. gard to its shipping, previous to the last war. In 1792, one of the most prosperous years which the country has ever known,—.the year immediately preceding the breaking out of that war, in which we were called upon to make such immense efforts to maintain our naval superiority—the number of registered ships in the seve ral ports of the British empire was 16,079 ; the amount of their tonnage 1,540,145 tons. In the present yeas, that is to say, in the year ending the Slat of December, 1825, the number of registered ships was 24,174 ; and the amount of their tonnage 2,542,216 tons; showing an increase of one-third in the number of ships s and of two-fifths in the tonnage, within that period. Having stated the number and tonnage of our regis tered vessels at the commencement of the late war, I will now thew what they were at its close. In 1815, the number was 24,860, and the amount of their ton nage 2,681,276 tons. It appears, therefore, that there has been, since the conclusion of the war, a decrease in our shipping of 686 vessels, and 139,060 tons; but I have, I think, shewn satisfactorily that, upon the return of peace in 1815, our commercial marine was greatly in excess of what was requisite, in the then altered situ ation of the country. As connected with this part of our inquiry, it is ma terial to ascertain the number of vessels that have been built in the British dominions since the termination of the late war, and to compare it with the number built in former periods. It is with much satisfaction that I find myself enabled to assure the House that, taking the last thirty-seven years, the number of ships annually built in Great Britain, instead of decreasing, has in creased. The documents which prove the correctness of this statement are already upon the table of the House, with the exception of those for the year 1812, which, in consequence of the calamitous fire at the Custom House in that year, could not be procured. From the returns which I hold in my hand, I find the; the number of ships built last year, in the several ports of the British dominions, exceeded the number built in any one year of the whole period to which I have re ferred. In the year 1814, when the war with France first terminated, the number of ships built was 818 ; the amount of their tonnage 95,976 tons. Last year, the number of ships built was 1,312; the amount of their tonnage 171,827 . tons. So that, in tact, the ton nage of the ships built last year was little short of double the tonnage of those built in the year 1814, and ex ceeded considerably that of any year upon record. These details, however dry in themselves, appear to me to involve the elements of the whole question, and to afford the best criterion by which a judgment can be farmed, how far the complaints which represent our shipping to have been in a state of rapid decline are well founded. The only other omi:nison growing out of the documents which I hold in my hand, is that of the number of ships which have entered inwards, and cleared outwards, to and from the ports of Great ari tam, in the several years since the alterations which are o'sjected to in our Navigrion Laws. I have provided myself with a return exhibiting this comparison, from the year 1814 down to the last year; and f intreat the House to bear in mind that the complaint, in the petition on the table, is that in [PRICE SEVENPENCE. consequence of the alteration made in the Navigation Laws within the last three or four years, the employ. ment of British shipping has dicreated, and that of foreign vessels trading with this country has increased. I will confine the comparison to the returns of vessels, British and Foreign, entering inward*: and for this reason—that it is not necessary for ships, leaving our ports in ballast, to clear out at all, and theretoie the returns exhibiting the number of vessels cleared out wards must be very imperfect. I find that, in the year ended the 2.5 th of 13_c. 18i4, the number of British vessels that entered inwards was 19,164, and the amount of their tonnage 2,364,249 tons. —The number of foreign vessels that entered inwards during the same year, was 5,280, the amount of their tonnage being 694,8130 tens. In the pear ended the 25th of December 1825—a pear in which the inciiitications made in our Nadigation Laws were in full operation— the number of British vessels that entered inwards was 21,786; the amount of their tonnage 2,786,814 tons. The number of foreign •vessels that, entered inwards in that year had increased to 6,561, and the -amount-of their tonnage to 892,601 tons. The year 1825 was, it is well known, a year of unexampled specu- lation in every branch of toromerce, creating an unusual demand for shipping, not only in the ports of this coon try, but throughout Europe. And what, as regards British shipping. was the result ? Why, that the posi tive increase of British vessels entered inwards, as c m• pared with the year 1824, was 2,622 ; and of tonnage +22,595 ton;; while the increase of foreign vessels en tered inwards, during the same year, was in number 1,281 ; and in tonnage 197,721 tons. This at least is no unsatisfactory result. The increased employment of British shipping alone in that year exceeds the aggre. gate increase of employment to the shipping of all othtt nations of the worlds But as the attention of the House has been specially referred, by the Petitioners, to the state of the trade be. tween this country and the northern parts of Europe, and more especially to the trade with Prussia, I must beg leave to enter rather more specifically into that part of the case. lam happy to be able to state, upon the authority of documents which will be laid on the table of the House, that by a comparison between the British and Prussian Shipping engaged in the traJe between the two countries, during the years 1824 and 1825, the increase of British was much greater than that of Prus. sian shipping in the latter year. The number of British ships trading to the ports of PI ussia in the year 1824. was 470; in the year 1825, 942; being more than double the number of the preceding year. The number of Prussian ships which came to this country.-in the year 1824, was 682; in 1825, ne number was 887 ; being an increase of about one fourth. Such, Sir, if any inference is to be deduced from the trade between Prussia and Great Britain for the last year, is the comparative growth of British and Prussian Navigation. lam aware that the danger of losing our carrying trade, from the Ports of the Baltic, has been the main source of the jealousy felt by the Shipping Interest, and of their complaints to this House. The comparison between British and Prussian shipping for the two or three last years, and especially that of the year 1825, has certainly not borne out their predictions, or justified their alarms. But it would be uniandid to deny, that we have not yet sufficient experience to war rant a positive conclusion that, prospectively, the ship. ping of the Prussian ports may nut gain ground in the competition with our own. lam the more induced to make this remark, as, from the excessive excitement, and over-trading of the last year, I am ready to acknow ledge that, taken by itself, it cannot be considered as affording an estimate for the future; neither, on the other hand, perhaps, will it be fair, in 1827, to form such an estimate from the experience of the present year, which, it is much to be feared, as a natural con sequence of late excess, will be one of severe depression in the trade of this country. Having adverted to the apprehensions which are en tertained respecting our trade with the ports of the Baltic, I have naturally been . most anxious to silt to the bottom this important part of our inquiry. I know no mode so satisfactory of ascertaining what have been the fluctuations in the trade, either as respects our mill share of it, at different periods, or the prop(); tion which that share bears to the trade of other Powers wit% the ports of the Baltic, as a reference to the annual Returns of the vessels, of all nations, which have passed the Sound in a given number of years. Fortunately, the State Paper Office has furnished me with these returns. This account I hold in my hand, from the year 1783 to the year 1792, with the exception of the year 1789 ; the returns for which year have been either lost or mislaid. I also bold in my hand a similar account, from the year 1816 to the year 1825, both inclusive. The comparison of these two periods, each of ten years, (both periods of peace) appears to me to afford a fair illustration of this branch of trade. lam happy to say that the result will be found highly satisfactory ; for it will be seen that the number of British ships which passed the Sound in the year 1825, was not only positively greater than it was in any one of the twenty years to which I have referred, but that its proportion, with respect to the number of vessels from all other nations, was equally favourable to this country. It would be going into an unnecessary detail to give the numbers for every year of the twenty. I shall, therefore, confine myself 'to the five last year-- The total number of ships which passed the Sound was t Ships of all 13ritis6 Ships. other Nations. Ira die year 1821 . . . 2,818 . • . • • GASS Ditto 1822 . . . 8,0107 Ditto 180 . . . 5,018 Ditto 1824 . . . 5,540 Dine 1825 . . . 5,186 So, that, looking at the proportion which Great Bri tain has been able to retain of the trade of the Baltic, it appears that, last year, when the total number of vessels which passed the Sound exceeded that of any former year, British shipping engrossed considerably uuo• e than one-third of the whole navigation of that sea, and had increased very nearly two-fifths, compared with the average of the four preceding years. The papers so which I have Welled I propose to move for, so that t►.e House will be able to judge from them of the correct ness of my statement. In cons; quence of the restoration of peace, the de mand for shipping, as I have already aeosarked, was