Star. — London, England, 1830-06-23 00:00:00

IMPERIAL. PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, Juxt 22. Petitions were presented by Viscount Clifden Lord Lorton, Lord ffiliolmondely, from Protestant Dissenters, =reliant'', bankers, and others, agaimt the punishment of death in cases of forgery. Lord OODE RICH presented a petition from the corporation of Norwich, and one from Stockport, to the same efket. Lard CALTHORPE presented a similar petition from Colchester. The Duke of RICHMOND moved there be laid before the home certain returns of the woollen rags imported into this country from INS to 1830. Also, an account of the quantity of sheep and lamb's wool, imported and exported within the same data.— Ordered. Lard KIND presented a petition from an individual named ftlieen, an inhabitant of Londonderry, complaining of the non. payment of a loan contracted by the Corporation of Londonderry with the town. The Marquis of LONDONDERRY stated that the corporation had borrowed the money to repair a bridge, and that it would be paid by tolls, which had hitherto proved insufficient for the purpose TORGERY BILL. The Marquis of LANSDOW N E, before the order of the day for the second reading of the forgery bill, presented a petition signed by se less than between seven and eight hundred bankers and met.. candle men residing in Edinburgh, and many commercial towns, praying the bill to abolish the punishment of death in the crime of forgery might pass into a law. The petition with others having been Lod on the table, the noble marquis said, in moving the second reading of the forgery bill, he did not wish to trespass upon their lordships' time ; but he thought he could not discharge his duty Is asking the house to agree to the second reading without a few observatWs on the character of the measure. He was anxious to eall their attention to the circumstances under which this bill came tots notice, because upon a full consideration of the ciicumstancee, site bill itself must depend. The bill proposed a most extensive al. tendon of the law of England as it had stood with respect to for. gery for the last 100 years. It was only within the last 140 years Him the crime of. forgery had been punished with death. It was made subject to capital punishment after the revolution. In 1728 large additions were made by extending the provisions of the law. Every department of the state sent forth recommendations for legis lation on this subject, and not less than 120 statutes had been enac ted for the punishment of forgery by the infliction of death. To give their lordships some idea of the extent to which legislation on that subject had been carried, and the nature of instruments to which the legislature lent its support, he might allude to Me. diterrancan passes. This was an instrument by which persons thought they might protect themselves against the Barbary cor sairs, and the forgery of such instruments was made subject to the punishment of death. (Hear) He should not tire their lord. ships with all the details upon these enactments. Such as were desirous of becoming more acquainted with the subject he should refer to • report on the criminal law, delivered by a Com mittee of the House of Commons in 1824. In that report they would find thirty.eight folio pages taken up with the mere enume. radon of all the statutes to punish forgery. The statutes to which he alluded presented one hetorogeneous mass, from which lawyers could not collect any just notion or opinion. It was impossible such a state of the law could remain. None could be disposed to object to a reform. The right hon. baronet who presided in the Home Department, with so much honour to himself and advantage to the public, had turned his attention to that object. The noble Marquis fault' say for himself, that when he was in the Home Department, he gave instructions to procure all the information necessary, with a view to the classification of the statutes to which he had alluded. The bill before their lordships had been under the auspices of the right hon. baronet, and it made important changes in the execution of the law. The penalty of the law had been changed by the bill in several instances, but it was his duty to state, that it came with an important amendment. Little argument was necessary to in. l duce their lordships to adopt the general principle of the bill, bat be was well aware there was some difference of opinion with regard to the alteration. Many might think the mitigation of punishment just, who would not agree to a total abolition of the punishment of death in all cases of forgery. On that ground the bill might give rise to opposition. The noble Marquis could not think with many that capital punishment should only be confined to murder; but the question was whether excess of severity might not defeat its own object. He had to appeal to their lordships whether the pu. nishment of death could be applied in cases where the crime was nos commensurate. There could be no doubt that the infliction of ca pltal punishment in forgery had frequently induced jurors to acquit criminals. The first consideration with a criminal was the chance of tpunishment.—He was willing to admit that in the complicated state of society in which we live, forgery had become a most dan gerous crime. They had on this subject the means of reasoning practically upon facts derived from experience. He could say he bad looked into the different returns presented to their lordships, and with respect to forgery, he found that the executions for for. gery during the last seven years in London and Middlesex had greatly exceeded the executions foe the same crime in England and Wales. It appeared that in proportion as capital punishments had been abolished crimes had decreased. Since the repeal of the law making it death to steal linen in bleaching-grounds, the number of convictions for that offence had been diminished. The fact was proved by the evidence of Mr. Carr, the Solicitor for the Excise. Front the returns of convictions for forgery, it appeared that in the course of nine years, ending in 1828, out of 780 ca. piud charges, 334 got off. In other crimes, not punished with death, out of five hundred and fifty-eight charges tried, only tißy.seven. had got off. The noble marquis had conversed with many merchants and bankers on the subject, and he had understood from them that many persons guilty of forgery had been reluctantly suffered to escape because the parties would not prosecute to death. A moment's consideration must convince their lordships that the severity of the law gave impunity to the o ff ender. He had a case before him of a man who forged upon his master. The latter, from humanity, would not prosecute. The offender then forged upon the eon, who also suffered him to escape. He tried it a third time upon another. and was executed. There could not be a more powerful appeal to their lordships than that made by the merchants and bankers of London in support of the bill. Among the names he had those of Messrs. Sanderson, Gurney, and Rothschild. Two were bill-brokers, and Mr. Rothschild was the greatest operator in securities in Europe. He mentioned those gentlemen, because it bad been said the petitions came only from persons of one way of i thinking. The bill-brokers knew better than any class how far' the interest of the public was concerned in preventing forgeries. lie would state what the bill brokers were. They were persons who dealt in securities—dealers in responsibility, so that it was in fact evidence of persons having securities constantly passing through their hands ; melted no less than 30,000,0001. annually passing through his bands. He had the names of many bankers. From the evidence be. fore them he thought their Lordships might be induced to abolish this capital punishment. Scruples existed on this subject in the best regulated minds, and might not those scruples overcome the severity of law. If Juries did not give effect to criminal punish. manta, laws might remain waste paper. He thought Parliament, by yielding to the general feeling, might expect to find that active feeling, which would give effect to the due execution of the law.— The Bill before the House he did not wish to have t. He should be ready in the Committee to limit the du on to five years. He considered it an expaiment ; and if there was any desire to make it temporary, he should in the Committee meet the wishes of the Heusi.. There was another point z the secondary punishment.— The noble marquis thought a better punishment might be found than that proposed by the bill. He expressed a hope the house would give the bill a second wading, and in their legislation enact' that which prevented crime—namely, certainty of punishment.-1 The noble marquis concluded by moving the second reading of the. bill. Earl WINCHILSEA supported the motion; the authority of scripture did not justify the legislature in inflicting the punishment of death for crimes short of murder, or rebellion against the coned. weed authorities of the country ; he gave his cordial support to the efeasure before the House. The Duke of RICHMOND gave the measure Ms cordial support. The LORD CHANCELLOR said, he could not give his assent to several clauses of the bill, but should reserve his opposition until it came into committee; he opposed several of the clauses, because he thought that their could not with safety be adopted ; he thanked the noble marquis for the manner in which he had brought the question forward. Tile bill was then read a second time, and ordered to be commit- ted on Monday. Counsel was then called in on the East Belford Disfranchisement 8111, and at the request of Mr. Adams, the examination of wit. manes was adjourned till Fridaj next. HOUSE OF COMMONS, Julia 22. There being only thirty-three members present at four o'clock,. Se &magma declared' the; house to stand adjourned till to-morrow. A blican named Shelton, who 'resided in Montague csuve, -street, committed suicide yesterday by taking an lona of prussic acid. Shelton, who was at one time a celebrated prise-tighfri; had been betting beyond hie. means at Ascot Races, mg. be *ii,loccribe. circumstance on Monday night to .his wife, who engintred . to soothe him, by observing that by giving up gambling and using hoop' and persevering industry, he mien g ee shroughall lite difficulties. The, unhappy man . appeared to beam. Anted, and desired Ms wife to bring a glass of gip aad .water, after drinking irMe.it he slid be should' oto bed. It however, that shortly *crude avjaUeired thposiepsi sopa beoune a corpse. Vre 114001 understanel,hesW this. .ciaatity prussic acid wild have. beM glielboinl. pt erieh p l es e s irerecy Aught ' to, be 844 aulj es imaging ' • LAW REPORTS. ROLLS COURT, lows 22. THE ATTOINEY.GENZIAL V. THE GOVERNORS OT CHUIST'S 110SPITAL.—Thorium Gay the founder of Guy's Hos. pital, in the year 1724, by his will left an annuity of 4001. to Christ's Hospital, on coedit kn that they should receive at.nually and educate, in the same manner as the other children of the estab. lishmeny four boys or girls, to be nominated yearly by his execu tors, or their successors, the Corporation of Guy's Hospital. The, Governors of Christ's Hospital, in the year 1726, accepted the gift, and continued to receive the children as nominated by the Corpo. ration of Guy's Hospital, until the year 1827, when they determined no longer to receive the 4001. in consequence of its insufficiency.— The clause in the will of the testator, whereby the annual sum of 4001. was given to Christ's Hospital, under the conditions therein named, also provided that in case the Governors of that establish ment should at any time refuse to receive the children, the execu. tors of the testator were to be at liberty to apply the annuity in their education as they might think proper. Ihe present informs. tion was filed for the purpose of compelling Christ's Hospital to receive the amount, on the ground that that establishment having once accepted it. and applied it as directed by the testator, were hound to fulfil the conditions of the gift for ever ; and that the clause in the testator's will giving power to his executors to apply the funds in another way, in case of the refusal of Christ's Hospital, must be only taken as having effect till Christ's Hospital could be compelled by legal means to fulfil the conditions of the tes tator's Mr. Parsaaavow and Mr. Wioaax supported the information. Mr. BICIRIRSTETH and Mr. PHILLIIIIORZ opposed it. His Hoxova, the Muter of the Rolls, considered the question to be—whether this gift to Christ's Hospital was to be considered ai l a gift merely as long as they should continue to receive the four, children, or whether it must be taken as a gift of this sum for ever, upon the condition that they should receive the four children. The Court was of opinion the latter was the true construction of the words of the testator, and that Christ's Hospital, having once ac cepted the gi ft , could never retire from it. The decree must, there. fore, be in favour of the relatives as prayed. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, Just 22. DAVIS V. GAIIET. On a former day, cause had been shown against a rule obtained' for a new trial in this action, In which a verdict had been returned in favour of the plaintiff. The action, it will be remembered, arose' out of the loss of a barge, on its passage to one of the Irish ports, upon an agreement between the parties that it should proceed to its place of destination in " the direct, usual, and customary way."— The master, owing to the tempestuous state of the weather, had considerably diverged from his direct course, and the consequence was the loss of the vessel. It was contended, on behalf of the de fendant, that a similar accident might have occurred e►en in case the direct course marked out in the agreement had been strictly fol. lowed. The LOAD CHIEF JUSTICE, in stating the decision of the Court this morning, said, that the law would not admit of a wrong. doer apportioning or limiting his own wrong, and that, therefore. their Lordships were unanimously of opinion, that the rule for a new trial ought to be discharged, and judgment be given for the plaintiff. CONTEMPT OP COURT. A rule, calling upon Mr. Ford, solicitor, residing in Pall-mall, to show cause why he had not attended to give evidence in an ac tion on a bill of exchange, tried before the Lord Chief Justice, at Guildhall, on the Bth of June last, in consequence of which the plaintiff had been nonsuited, was obtained by Mr. Sergeant Jones on a former day. Mr. Sergeant WILDE this morning shewed cause against the rule. Mr. Jones, in his affidavit, stated, that at the time the sub. pans was served upon him, he had intimated to the attorney's clerk the utter impossibility of his attending the Court on the day in question, owing to the fact of his being obliged to be present on a commission of bankruptcy on the amine day, when the assignees of the bankrupt were to be chosen ; that he had received, pre viously to the subpcena being served upon him, a great number of powers of attorney from et ••itors to the estate, residing in York. shire, authorising him to vote for them in the election of the auig. nees ; that he promised that his clerk, Mr. Simpson, should attend in his stead, who was equally capable of proving the hand.writing of the defendant (all he was required to prove) as himself ; and, finally, that be had not been actuated by the slightest wish to evade the process of the Court, or offer any disrespect to their Lordships. The LORD CritEr-JUSTICE,— i think it has been alleged that Mr. Ford was at Ascot races on the day In question. Mr. Sergeant WILDE admitted that It had :been so stated ; but the fact was, be had only been separated from the Court of Common Pleas by a single wall The affidavit of Simpson went to corroborate the statements made by Mr. Ford, and added, that in conformity to that gentleman's re. quest the deponent had attended the Court on the day in question, for the purpose of proving the defendant's hand-writing ; but that not seeing it mentioned in the written cause list, he concluded that it would not come on for trial during the day. Yet, notwithstand.l ing his conviction of the impossibility of the cause coming on, he had remained in the neighbourhood of' the Court till past one o'clock. He had never received shy intimation that the cause would be undefended, and therefore, of course, concluded it would not come before the Court that day, so laid down as it was its the printed cause paper. Air. Sergeant Josts, in support of the rule. contended that in case witnesses were to be allowed thus to trifle with their Lordships with impunity, there would be an end of all law and justice. The Court were clearly of opinion that Mr. Ford intended no per sonal insult to any of their Lordships, and consequently ordered the rule to be discharged.--Rule discharged. INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT, June 22. George Fermis, late landlord of the Queen's Head public.house, Whiteness -street, whose debts amount to 5031. was opposed by Mr. Litre for Messrs. Charrington and Co. ale brewers, for a debt of 801. and by Mr. John Roberts, landlord of the Barley Mow, Blue Anchor-alley, Bunhill.row. a creditor, in person, fora balance of 501. The insolvent agreed to pay Mr. Roberts, his predecessor, for "coming-in" and fixtures, a sum of 821. 1 ls. of which he paid 321. 11a. His property, on the whole, was valued in at 2611., and he was only two months in possession, when a sale of his effects took place, and produced only 1191. On entering the house, ft appeared to him it would be profitable • but he soon discovered otherwise, and he informed Roberts he had " taken him in ^ Roberts haring told him that the house did four butts of beer, 121. in ale, and 251. in spirits, in the month, which proved, on a trial by in solvent, to be exaggerated. To raise the purchase money to enable him to take the business, insolvent was obliged to apply to several persons; and amongst those who assisted him, were Messrs. Charringtun and Co. who :supplied him with 501. in cash, and value to the amount of 301. in beer, which has never been paid them. James Whitehall, landlord of the Grapes, Clerkenwell, stated that the insolvent, on going into the Queen's Head, took his advice; he called in about three weeks on the insolvent, who said he should not stop in the house, and that he had made up his mind to " cut it" (laughter,) and go " below," and take the benefit (great laugh. ter ;) witness remonstrated with him, and said he did not think there was any occasion to go " below" yet (meaning Whitecross street Prison), and mid," Messrs. Charrington and Co. hav'nt stopt sending you goods, have they ? ' on which the insolvent replied, " He didn't like to stick it into them too deep" (roan of laughter I) and added, if the witness wanted anything in that way he could help him (continued laughter.) The Cam. Connissiox ea remarked shortly on the case. In two months the Insolvent hid contracted debts amounting to 5031. and rendered himself liable to the 48th section of the Act.—The sentence of the Court was, that he be imprisoned Six Months from the date of filing his petition. Charier Douglas /ruing, linen draper, whose ease was heard on a fanner day, and adjourned to re-advertise, and prepare an amended special balance sheet, was brought up again yesterday, and prayed jud_gment. The insolvent has been in custody since the 4th Nov. Mr. Commissioner HARRIS, who attendid for the purpose of pining judgment, read over the evidence, and proceeded to remark on the ease. The insolvent, he observed, had gone to a considerable extent in concealing his property, and in contracting debts ; he, law. ever, complied with an order of the Court, in giving a more explicit account of his affairs to his creditors. He bad employed a person named M'Dermot, also a linemdreper, to collect his money up to January, who, however, thought fit to swear that he had received no money on the insolvent's account ; but he was convicted on his own hand-writing, and likewise on the testimony of Bernal witnessm— To what extent he bad received money, it was quite impos sible for the Court to say. Several sheets of parchment are covered with the insolvents debts; while the money that has been received, is not at all accounted for. It is impossible for the Coiftt to give any credit to such statements. The judgment of the Court, therefore is, that the insolvent shall be imprisoned f o r a period of Ten Calendar Months from the date of filing his petition, for fraudulently making away with his property , with an in ten t o f diminishing the funds on • dividend to his creditors ; and within the walls of a prison. Mr. Woonaore's rose and remarked, there were niansels hundred creditors on the face of the inactivates schedule, ad if they got but a shilling each, it would amount to a good round sum. - - in various parts of the county of Tipperary, MON.. tudes of the stoning peasantry bite stopped the mille t s' seised upon the flour they were *colnysylng to. Market. Th e n i abg wbo.hava•sadhied in this way; stir Mr. Mating,. at Golden; #li, Chubb, of Claigkon; and Mt. Sachet, at eidten—Nina. Register. . • • .. . POLICE REPORTS. 111awston-Hovss..--.1 young man of gentlemanly and mild appearance. named Conwi, was brought up, charged with having broken a man's leg In a pugilistic affair on the preceding night. A witness deposed that oo the previous night be saw the defendant in Bishopagate-street, striking violently at a man who was walking along. The man held up his hand to defend himself, but the activity and skill of the defendant were not to be resisted. The unfortunate man received a knockdown blow, and when he was on the ground, he said, " Oh, my leg is broken." Witness saw no offence committed by the person who felL The certificate from St. Bartholomew's Hospital, where the in jured man lies, was read. It stated that the examining surgeon had found that the fracture sou a compound one, and that, although the patient was not in Immediate danger, they could not say that his condition would not become dangerous. The Loan MAYOR lamented to find that young men of re. spectable stations in life were viafted by an appetite for the repute. Lion of pugilists—the most degraded of mankind. This was the second fight within a few days in Bishopsgate.street, in which a poor man's leg was broken. A female, who had been passing at the time, declared that the de. fendant struck at every one that approached him, and that not the least attempt had been made by the person whose leg was broken to return the blows that were given to him. The defendant had struck at her repeatedly, and would, no doubt have done her inischief if be had not been prevented by a friend of his own. Mr. Hobler said, that some of those gentlemen who were so nag with their lists, and who encouraged others in practices of the kind, would be made to feel in all probability very soon. The Loan MAYOR ordered that the defendant should be confined in the Oiltspur.street Compter until a more favourable account of the injured man be received at the Justice-room. Bow.Srazzr..—Yesterday afternoon Mr. Colthead, a surgeon, was brought before Mr. Mlusnutt, the sitting magistrate, on a warrant, which charged him with having sent a letter to Mr. Yeats, also a surgeon, with intent to provoke him to a breach of the peace by fighting a duel. Mr. Yeats stated, that the defendant and himself had been in partnership together, but had disagreed, and separated under feelings of considerable excitement. The other evening be (complainant) received a letter from the defendant, which he construed into an in vitation to fight a duel. Mr. MlNSHllLL—produce the letter. The complainant accordingly handed a letter to the Magistrate, which appeared to have beent written under warm feelings, but which did not not go the length the complainant supposed. The defendant then put in a letter, which, he said, had provoked that which the Magistrate had just read. This letter contained some strong epithets and unpleasant observations. and, in short, threw down the gauntlet of defiance. Mr. Mixenumt. observed, that one letter was as much calculated to cause a breach of the peace as the other, and he should therefore call on both parties to put in bail for their good behaviour, and or. dived each party to find sureties in 1001. to keep the peace towards all his Majesty's subjects. The required bail was put in, and the parties retired. THE DISTRESSED HAYNARERS.—Last evening Sir R. Maxim mentioned to the Reporters that he had received a letter from Sir George Rose, in which the Hon. Baronet stated that hay. log seen a paragraph in the morning papers of that day (yesterday) stating the lamentable fact of five poor haymakers having perished from starvation and describing also the general distress which pre. wails amongst that class of persons, he had collected amongst the members of his own family 71. 10s. which be enclo ed, requesting that he would be good enough to apply it to the relief of the suf. ferers in the manner which he thought best. Sir George added, that he should not have troubled the Chief Magistrate with the request, but that he knew of no other mode by which he could convey the donation to any of the parties for whose relief it was intended. Sir R. Biaxix further stated, that in reply to Sir George Rose's letter, he had informed him that believing, from his own local know ledge, that the greatest degree of distress prevailed in the parishes of Acton and Hampstead, he should send half the sum to each of those places, taking proper care; that it should be divided amongst the most deserving objects. A youth named Jo hn Rooney was fully committed for trial for returning from transportation before the expiration of the term for which he was sentenced., Hasrow-Geaniew.--.Yesterday, Edward Stock was charged with robbing Mr. lilortan, tailor, Bath-street, Clakenwell. of a silver watch and appendages, on the 17th of March. The prisoner pleaded distress, saying that he had been out of employtnent several months, and had not tasted food for two days. Witness consented to employ him as journeyman, and the prisoner remained in his employment that and the following day, when the watch and ap pendages wets stolen, and the prisoner not returning to finish his work, suspicion fell upon him. On the 17th instant, as witness was pass along King's-road, Bedford-row he met the prisoner. Theisoner acknowledged his guilt, and was fully committed for t rial. BIARLIONIOOGH-6TIIIIET.-.- & bricklayer's labourer, was yesterday placed at the bar, together with Hugh Car. land, the tonnes charged with setting a dog at Robert Hope, the son of a respectable tradesman of St. James's-street, and the latter with having endangered the life of Mr. Smith, an Inspector of Police, by aiming a desperate blow at him with a shovel. It appeared that Mr. Hope's two sons, the one aged eight years, and the other about ten, were standing in an open space in St. James's-street, where some houses have recently been pulled down, about five o'clock on Monday afternoon, when the prisoner Himney I set a dog, belonging to some of the workmen, at the youngest lad, and it bit him in the leg. A police.constsble, named Bates, en. deavoured to take the man into custody, but the prisoner Carland and another labourer resisted, and the constable's truncheon was forced from his hand. and he was driven off. He immediately in. formed Mr. Smith, the inspector, on duty at the watchhouse, who, together with six constables, pro ceeded to the ruins fcr the purpose of apprehending the parties. (In their arrival there Himney was secured, and Mr. S. seeing Garland at work with a shovel, desired him to our. render, as be had assaulted the constable Bates. Carland exclaimed, " He would strike the first man down who dared to approach him," and raising his shovel aimed a tremendous blow at the Inspector's head, but before the weapon had descended, a constable, 0 31, rushed in and caught the blow upon his arm, and the parties were secured. Mr. Smith, in conclus ion , observed that nothing but the timely assistance of the constable could have saved him, as he had no weapons but pistols, which be did like to use on such an occasion. Mr. CONANT inquired whether the blow, which fortunately had been intercepted, had hurt the constable ? The officer replied that it had cut through his clothes into his arm, although part of its force had been iuipeded by striking his truncheon first. Mr. Titunsnlr asked if the prisoner was aware at the time that Mr. Smith was an officer ? Mr. Smith reeled that be was dressed In his uniform, and had a small brass stall in his hand. Mr. CONANT said the first offence was a moat wanton act, and inquired whetber Himney had anything to say to it ? Himney replied that he never meant that the dog should hurt the boy. The Magistrates ordered }finitey to pay a fine of 31. or be com mitted, in default, for six weeks to the House of Correction. Carliusd was remanded till Thursday, to give time for the at tendance of a necessary witness. A man named lirkkisson, who has been in custody charged with stealing a quantity of valuable oopper.plate engravings from his em. ployer, Mr. Hullmandel, of Marlborough-street, was yesterday placed at the bar for re-examination. The plates, which were very splendid, were produced, and the pri. sows was fully committed for trial, Perry, who had bought the plates, being admitted as a witness. Tstaints PoLscr..—Yesterday, Mr. Thomas Owen, the land. lord of the Fox and Goose public-house, Shakespeare's Walk, Shadwell, was alerted with selling exciseable liq u ors by retail without a lioenae. A few weeks since, he took the bowie of a per. son named Coffield, and put his own christian and sinuous over the door, but had neglected to hare the license transferred. He was convicted in the penalty of 51. and all the costs, with an intima. don that, foe a second offence, of the heaviest fine of 201. THEORY of THE EARTII.—The globe, in the first , state in which the imagination can venture to consider it, was a fluid mass, with an immense atmosphere revolving in space round the sun. By its cooling, a poetics') of its atmosphere was condensed into water, which occupied a part of the surface. In this state, Co, forms of fife, such as now belong to our system, could have inha bited it ; and I suppose the crystalline rocks, which contain no yes. ti of a former order of things, were the results of the . first con. wlidation on its surface. Upon the further cooling, the water which more or less had covered it, contracted; depositions to o k place, shell-fish and coral animals, of the first creation, began their labours ; and islands appeared in the midst of the ocean, roved from 1 the deep by the productive energies of millions of zoophytes'. These islands soon became covered with vegetables, fitted to bear a high ' 1 temperature, such as palms and various species of plants, similar to' those which now exist in the hottest part of .the world. And the submarine rocks, or shores of these new formations of land, became covered by aquatic vegetables. on which vari ous sw i m o f fish an d comm on fisher fount; their nourishment. The fluid, of the I g l o b e i n coo ling d*cite(a . Tarite qininiity of the materiels thy held In solution, andibtie depoeites esdluthtating together the mud, the inisseßes maim of coral rocks, aid acme of the remains if the Antila onAlsbral foetid 'round the Amite . tbe primitive Mat, prediteed lb* Int order II seatemdeip tech.—lit IL Devi. SCINTILLAL A love-sick swain aged sixty, drowned himself in the Severn at Worcester last week, in consequence of kis charmer, a pauper in the House of Industry, and forty years his junior, having slighted his attention. It appears that his disappointment had for some time past determined him to destroy himself, and he bad cop. suited with a fellow workman as to the easiest mode, which was decided in favour of drowning. The coroner's jury returned aver. diet of temporary issamaily. The Correspondent of Nvrentbi•rg copies from the Correspondete . qj Hamburg. • stating that an august nonage has j ust quitted the Ca.t. for the evangelical c h urc h ; personage ha. j ust quitted the Catholic for the evangelical chu but w ma n % is not the spirit of the svangeMail church to make a bout of its proselytes, it will not be officially announced. Tit a Si waswo TRouT.—Lientenant White mentions a species of musical fish found In the river, which renders it not incredible that the trout of Klite: a ( i ro n ikilia) might make err. rain sounds capable of being compared to the singing of a thrush.-- Adverthires of Ariston. FAcrrts.—An Irish servant lad, going along the pas and singing inharmoniously, was asked by his master what horrid noise be was making ? I have not made any noise, sir !" he replied. " Why; you were singing, and a confounded noi se i t was." Oh ! perhaps it was the rng in your ears your honour heard !" This reminds us of the dialogue between two ministers of the gude kirk of Scotland. One complained that he had got a rirsging in his head ! "Do you ken the reason o' that ?" asked hi. worthy crony. "Na " I'll tell ye : it's because its empty !" "And have ye never a ringing in your head ?" quoth the other. "Na ; never." "And do ye ken the reason ? It's because its cracked 1" was the retorts and the truth was not very far off. THE MARCH Of ECONOMY.— At a village in Lin colnshire, on the borders of the Vale of Belvolr, the reverend vicar of the parish had recently occasion to hire a labourer ; one of his parishioners offered himself, and was accepted. When the wages came to be spoken of, his reverence said, " John, that's too much, as things go now; you know that there has been a great fall in prices, so you must take something less." The reduced sum was settled, and they agreed very well together. Last week, John, choosing to live no longer in single blessedness, and having obtained the consent of his village damsel, they repaired together to church, sad there mutually plighted their troth. The ceremony being ended, It was John's turn to hand out the cash ; he accordingly ad. bossed the parson, " Well, mester, what's the damage P' The usual fee was name d. " Oh, but mega," says John, who reeol. bated the parson's speech, " that's too much, as things goes now ; yea know that there has been a great fall in prices, so you mum e'en take summat less." This home.thrust completely silenced the par. len, and John paid just what he liked for fees. CASE OF EXTRAORDINARY LONG LIFE—COMFORT vol Torzas.—Hipolito Bendo died on the 15th of April last, Nor Pawl. at the age of 123, 11 months, and 19 days, being born tb Ni of Aprll, 1706. In his youth he exercised the trade of a Nada& He married at the age of 32, and lost his first wife in UK when in 1807 he contracted a second marriage. He was then 111 old. At the age of 115 he still followed the occupations stlik trade; but in 18'22 he lost the use of his limbs, in cense. C7of a fall ; still , however, preserving his intellectu al faculties. 25, Pope Leo XII. wished to are him, and settled a pension 01 the veteran. But be could not stand the rigours of the last win. Ser. In eating he was very abstemious, but he drank regularly six bottles of wine a day. ENJOYMENTS OF THE POOR.—The more a man's enjoyments are increased and his character raised, the less likely will be be to risk the diminution of these enjoyments, and the loss of respect among his equals, by an early or rash multiage, and by the creation of offspring without regard to what is to become of them. The most destitute ore always those who marry first ; because when the degree:of suffering is at the lowest point, any change is sought for relief. The possession of comfort is by far the best se. curtty for prudent conduct in the passing generation, not only of the poor, but even those who are better off; and for that generation which is in progress, our hest safeguard is comfort joined to high and equal education."—Mr. Loudon. THE INQUISITION AT TOULOUSE.—The religious troubles of the Albigenses led to the establishment of the inquisition at Toulouse —the only French town which received that terrible in. stitution. Hader its influence, or from congenial fanaticism, Toil. louse stained its annals with some of the most inhuman atrocities in the history of religious fury, not only during the troubles of the Re. formation and the League, but in the latter half of the last century. The protestant Jean Cal as, a kind father, and a most tolerant and enlightened Christian, was broken on the wheel by an intemperate magistrate, and infuriate rabble, as the fanatic parricide of his son, who had renounced protestantism ; but his innocence was es. tablished, and he was posthumously reinstated in a manner highly honourable to the enlightened majority of the French nation, the councils of Louis XV. and that prince bimself.—Dr. Lordner's Cabinet Cyclopedia, Vol VII ; being the Cities and Principal Towns qf the World, Vol. I. HORSE RACINO.—The people of England, according to Fits-Stephen, took great delight in horse.racing even so early as the time of Henry 11. The citizens of London, be informs us, would go in crowds to witness the diversion. In the days of good Queen Bess, races appear to have been greatly in vogue ; and it is said that the nobility expended immense sums in endeavouring to improve their breed of horses. It Is recorded that the famous George Earl of Cumberland, wasted great part of his estate " by his extreme love of hone-races, tilting, and other expensive diver. dons." About the year 1600, private matches by gentlemen, who always rode their horses themselves, were very common. In the reign of James I. many public races were establishal in different parts of the kingdom. Races were run in Hyde Park at the latter part of the reign of Charles I. but it was in the time of the second Charles that this species of amusement was most patronised. New. market, though it had been formerly famous only for hunting, now first became a place of great racing notoriety, which it has ever since maintained. Charles frequently attended this place in person. and so fond was he of the sport, that he established races for his own amusement at Datchet Mead, when he resided at Windsor. Ile also gave a silver cup, to be run for on the different courses in the kingdom the value of which was 100 guineas. William 111. who wasrenuirkably fond of horses was a great patron of racing. He confirmed the gift of the plates, and enacted some new regulations for the turf. George 1. discontinued the plates, and gave in their room 100 guineas. In the 30th year of George li. an act was passed for putting down races by poneys, &c. "by which all matches for any prize under 601." are prohibited, under a heavy penalty. It is also thete ordained, that every race must be begun and ended on the same day. Them are at Newmarket two courses, the long and the round ; the former is four miles 380 yards, the latter three miles 1,360 yards. Childers, considered the swiftest horse ever known, has passed over the long course in seven minutes and a half, the round in six minutes forty seconds, which is at the rate of nearly fifty feet in a second ! No other ho rse has eves gate over the long course In less than seven minutes and fifty seconds, or over the other in less than seven minutes. It is supposed that a race-horse passes twenty-five feet at every spring. It has been said that the celebrated horse Eclipse used to cover twenty-seven or thirty feet at every bound 1— Liverpod Albion. BIRTHS. On the 24th of May at Naples, the Lady of W. H. Oomonde, Esq. of a son...—At F o rborne Lodge, the Lady of the Rev. E. G. Simms of a daughter.—At the Vicarage, Humbleton, the Lady of the Res. I. Dixon, of a daughter.—At Baribro' Rectory, Derby shire, the Lady of the Rev. M. Stapyhon, of a son.—On the 1 6 th at Monson Villa, the Lady of the Rev. F. Close, A.M. of a son. — Same day, at Cheltenham, the Lady of Col. Crowder, of • son. 3IARRIRD. On the 18th hist. at St. Martin's Church, York, Capt. G. E. Watts, R.N. of Langton Grange, Durham, to Elisabeth, second daughter of the late J. R. Foulis, Esq. of Buckton and Htslertoo. York.—At Walthamstow, on the 16th inst. R. C James. Esq. of London, to Caroline, only daughter of Mr. Vaughan, of Waltham. stow.--On the 17th inst. at Budock Church, Cornwall, Mr. J. Byrn, jun. of Aldermanbury, to Susan, eldest daughter of R. J. Kinsman, Esq. o 1 Falmouth. DIED. At Eton, on the 19th of June, C. Susannah, wife of Colonel R. Podmore, of the iladru Establishment , deeply lamented by all who knew her.—On the 19th in t. at his house, in Wheels. street, ( 1. li enekelis Neq. aged 77.—0 n Sunday, at his house at Camberwell, S. Fara, Esq. in the 71st year of his age.— At the house of his node, J. Wilson, Esq. of Ballymena, H. J. Wilmer, esq. of Cove.—At Portia's, Watefford, W. Hackett, Esq.—At his father's seat, Webbville, Cork, J. Tuthill, Esq. eldest ape of the Rev. C. D. Tuthill.—At Calais, a few days ago, I/. Allen, Esq.—On Monday se'onight at Bristol, aged I St Char lotte, daughter of Mr. Russell, of Hereford. —Tuesday, at the Par swage House, Bishop's Clone, aged MI, the Rev. M. L. Towns. end, D.D. Rector of that parish, and at Aldertoo,Oloucestershirs. — A t Barger, Sunda las t, Mr. Wm. Woodward, late of Sto we. The Etch, at Cnipp Sodbury, aged 17, H. Hardwieke, youngest daughter of the late . VeeL Esq. of Alkertes House, (Ileums shire, being the third of the family that has bees removed by death within the sheet space of seven months.—At Hinckley, aged Mon the leek bk. E. Ale Ewan. Having lost his sight at the age of six pony bksattentios was tamed to the science of music. of whisk be afterwards became so orsarpleof a master. la 1827 be was ow of the performer' at the Leiesesee Oratorio ; sad the single fact of his bassos etwandual to atesueir the met @Memo compositions, and taking alert of lbs psollmmilleris at the chards for three successive days, mimosa riot ossansitrimensery. 101 , Dis Prhisk amoi Rob Naked by Jew Mans% at lb , SOW &ram No. ft Plekett4lasse7immlas Bar'