Star. — London, England, 1812-09-08 00:00:00

'~"~:. r" . . 411 i.. 0. , ~. 'Ms day was puleisbi d, in 4 vols. /Ivo , priest 4111. boards, L sywrxmA.Tic 4 RRANGENIENT of Bai a. TRH PLANTS, wi ban eney Introduction to The Stbdy Many. 4y WIL.LIAM WerIiF.RJNG M.D. F.R.S. Illus. e !i iiia ted t??PoPlate•i the fifth Fciftton, corrected and conside y by Wit.s.t.sse Wirmant no, Esq. tn. for Cada and Davis+ J. C l utha', J. ?Allier, Lick. sod CO. Eentrian and Co. J. Mailman,. F. C. sod J.eliti. ~ 1 Walker ' I'. and W. Wynne Gale and Co. A. pls. 8 K . . And Crpgiy and Co, Sl;erwtio . d glad Co. J. Ril R.Addvin, Tar,lqr god liestny, J.Black..G. RAbinness, I /A 4 Joy, ai , . and Cochrans4. Harding, S. lagster o 1 Vein,. 'nil Rob , . inhaler._ leek is *More • THE „FiLkqOF PRUSSIA The late conduct, and the consequent fate of the King of Reuesta eehibits a fresh instance of the pu 'milaninsity of the Continental Sotereigits. and reads p severe hut salutary lesson to the nations over which they rule. do late as September 1811, FREDERIC.. Wieiaan was warned of the approach of the storm th:st was soon to hang over his own dominions, and burst upon the whole of the North of Europe. He erned to be senehle of the perils that menaced him v listened to the advice of those who admonished him p prepare to meet them, and immediately issued or. ders for making those preparations for defence, of !which the threat and approach of such an attack so forcibly incnlcated the necessity. He was still in poxseskire of eight fortresses of greater or less strength, land measures were ordered and taken for putting them in an adequate state of defence. With.the su perintendance of 'this work General Hummel was entrusted, whose patriotic spirit apd military talents have been too coaspiceonsly displayed now to require any notice or panegyric, 137 the indefatigable ens.. tiqng of that distinguished veteran, the eight Prussian • fortresses were soon supplied with suitable garrisons and storey of every description ; fresh levies were raised, • and the whole Prussian army placed on the prat reipeetahle and formidable 'both*. It never appeared, to be better appointed and equipped, or to be aninaited by a better spirit. These preparation; Were tarried i n with the knowledge 'of 'Russia and Great Britain, and in concert with the 'Governments or the two countries. It has even been calculated Ispy General Ilieucosa how long each of 'these for tresl-,s might stand out against the enemy • ; and the p•• ed of their resistance was expected to . be MI6- ,e-aetly protragted to allow of the apprdach of the -Russian army-to co-operate with the Prussians against the common invader. BONAPARTE was, as- usual, -poon apprised of the preparations and determinations pf Prussia toresist, and accordingly communicated his koowledge of them to the King of PRUSSIA, first with soliciting to desist from such preparations, and soon . - Pfter with remonstrances and threats if he did not . 13e even insisted that General Beuenia should be re .-inoved from the command, and that all warlike pre. partitions sit( uld be instantly discontinued. Bona *muse it seems, was well acquainted, by former ex perience, with the character he had to deal with; and 134 • threats had accordingly the effect of unnerving the mind, and altering the resolutions of faznaruc- Wmerast, linder the influence of this new penis,' ISM only did 'he countermand all further pprepara . • .pons tot resistance, but to still More servile acquies ' eent‘e in BouaranTes wishes, he not only dismissed] rtuculit from' his command, but ordered that faith- 1 d adviser and tried general to withdraw froth hie dominions. What ensued is present to every mind: French aroops took possession of all the Prussian for tresses, and 'even of the capital of Prussia; where they closely Watched the Prussian Monarch as their pri soner ; and now that he his tamely submitted to all the orders, and answered all the views of the Corsi- Fan, he is at' last commanded to abdicate his Royal authority, andto transfer it to the hands of his Mi nister, who, perhaps, was the tool of the very man !silo dethrones him 1 thus compelled to reward the treachery and season of thp servant who prepared - his fall, and helped to deliver him into the power of his enemy. Such is' the destiny that naturally awaits such pUsillanimous - Prince's. • naI:MAIO WILLIAM is now confounded with a Louts OTia JEROME pONA E ART F , and Ordered, like them, to the baths or springs of some watering place,, for the supposed recovery of his health. Will he there find even the drowsy virtue of the 'Lethean stream to induce thioblivion of his former elevation and hie Pre!e4 fsU f -•--•~ .."0 1 tale • '•••*1%'..,•••• fPAklilf PAPER. 9 1111 4 1 :r4 lii 1419UsT e. In consequence of notice received' from Cartha gena, dated , the '2Bth ult.' of an individual 'having died in Maiarriin; six leagues from that city, 'of the Yellow; (flier: all eenlniunifatio'n 'between this garri son by Liitd, aiid . the neigfilioiirhood;"his been ped Vessels proCeilding from ' the East, the ports of Malta,' 6CCilye 4 tidCtidetia excepted, are to. per form qu'arii'aine fir 14 ' Those 'from the West, its tar a. lymortfel.'inlucitrig the Bay of Gibraltar, Ceuta, and the 6trilights',. only 10 days. • '`. • , AUGUST a. • • • •. 154 1 40* 1541 f, Ai, 'Martin Ins marched for Madrid *with 'in4 , 600 horse, for .die purpose of joining the ift r ucig'wbe stirronnd that place: lln the older thi day of the 13th instni; to the Frenidis'enny brthe ontlii they are informed 'that pie* niigft tfieli'Filfecti, • as. thy,.!ere going to parch to reViiiis4l4e sutra gg committed upon the Imperial Eagle* fortifications of Al cola have burn abandoned: Medina has been eva kuated. ' 4 .- • ••• -0. •. , • pv,lltE, 4t.10,74T p. It appears that Soc. t has thoughts of attaching the 'English, for Oh ch great preparstiOns are making. .4Y4)401,.7;, 41./61/ST 11. • • Ape rcon . &Ville; who informs Ins; th..t on the 6:b, a great requisition Was'inae there oriwore th4"n TWO horses if all Orts . ;—le Was • said they were ping . " " CADIZ, AUGUST 11. General Esp.l has frAimit4Stor Es te June %.9th.' statements of *Maui encounters Which his troffs h ive had ieith the s ooesny. Five, liundted' kili:4.4' with` bilk loss our part. 'ate the fruits . 0 'these attact& prFlhninirt to a isiviiiitable 'action. • Awousr 1/1.-T4t appears that Conde Moirilla "ire in the Coniaollt de whert f a rm cores trues to 12,L 90 men. • • & . . ---~ ~. ~ , - 1 Atlaiss ntsgtish entered Mal I It& Joseph. with his fugitive co" was rombined expedition from the Mec has, in nuotber 14.,009 men, effected its d tion Ia Alicante. We skre assured of our taken an 4meripas ship with 60Q0 moskets, _ fqt Caraeeu. Anwar 18.-The pipers .come sown from Murcia to the 9th instant, bringing acconots of three actions fought by the Enspecinado ; in the last he received ' a hill in hii breast, which, according to the latest .telligence, will not prove mortal. On the 12th, Generals Villate and Brigno were in Bornos aod Villemarten with a, division, ready either' to act,against Ballastero_s , or proceed to Seville. Auousr 1 0 . — Ii is sa id, that Soult, leaving a gar rison in themes before this place, has collected the remainder of his forces from And alusia, one of which be has marched in the direction of Talavera, and the other of La Mancha. According to letters from Madrid, of the Ist August, General Meodizabal en tered tilboa on the 23d July ; and under date of the 6th, that more than 3000 juranontados had deserted Joseph. 4ei _ OFFICIAL ARTICLE. The Brigadier Adjutant-General of Staff, Don haw Poroces and Moxie 4, Chief of the Staff of the Second and Third Art mks, writes from Orehuela, undtr date of the 51st July, to the Chief of the General Staff, as follows ; f' E.xcuLaNT Ste--,I have giyen your Excellency as account of the onfortunate attack made by the greater part - te' the disposable force of the 'Second nnerhird Armies, ou the 21st July, on the points ofl Castellas, Ibi, and others in the Servaacas, in which was situated Suchet's advance. ,‘ On the 26th the enemy, as I informed yon, had made no movement, and to-day they still remain In the same positions, as all our troops, though much reduced, in those they occupied anterior to the of. .titer. The following are the details : " It being the object of his Excellency the Coos mander in Chief, according to his well.digested and : combined plan, to attack, beat, and drive the enemy from the points maintained in our frdnt to the left! banks of the Jucer, the requisite orders were given for the movement of troops, which was immediately commenced by the Ist battalion of Burgos, and the 2d of Majorca, which entered Alicant on the night of the 18th instant, marched to the mole, and made a feint of embarking in the English and Spanish shim' Which the 2d battalion of .Majorca only did. This, , with the number of ships of which the convoy was composed, in appearance carrying a great number of troops'for disembarkation, was intended, and sue. ceeded in amusing the enemy in the towns on the coast. " On the night of the 20th, the right of our lioe landed between Xyena and Ibi, which point was to be attacked the following day by the division of re serve, which sailed from Alicant, with the regiments of Coincella, Canaries, Volunteers of Aiken:, thirty miners, fifty horses, and the first battalion of Burgos, the whole under the command of Field . Marshal Roche and Brigadier Creagh. The centre bivouacked within half a league of Castella, with the Corunna and-Guadix battalions, under Brigadier Machilimi, ' and the reserve, with the battalions of the Royal Walloon Guards, and the Ist of nadajoz and Cuen ma, under the command of the Conde de Montego, a league in its rear, passed the Yenta de Tibe. " The left wing, composed of the third section of infantry, the battalions of Baylen, Alcazar, and Lo rea, and the second of horse, with the provisional re giment of Hussars, and the Ist and gd dragoons, both directed by Brigadier Santestiban and Colonel Meayres, were, the latter beyond Pitrel, and the for. merialthough he ought to have been between Saland Biar, placed himself in Villena, both having for ob ject to attack the points of Castella, Ooel and Bier, and fall upon Ibi, if the enemy should unite in it, and not stiffer to fall unpunished on the centre and right of our line. 'Their cavalry, the greater part of whom were known tp be in Biar, two pieces of ar tillery and two sqnadronsaf the 2d tegiment of provi sional cavalry, remained two leagues from Castellar. " From these positions the troops marched on the morning of the 21st, the guerillas having opened their fire at three in the morning, both on the centre within sight of Castella, and Uu thy' right wing its front of Abi. At break of day the infantry of the left were at the Siena de Ced, and haying discovered the enemy, the Tiradores and Alcazar regimeot were ordered to descend by the west side of the castle of Castella, the other corps following, which move ment, without doubt, obliged the French to abandon the place, through which Michelana passed, pursu ing the enemy. . " Our opponents made a firm stand and augmen ted their fire from three or four pieces of artillery in a - battery, which they had in the direction of IN, when some cavalry and infantry reinforced them ; potwitlistanding which the attack began at that point, and the guerillas penetrated into the place, without regarding the fire of a cannon placed on a wall.— Our two pieces, with the squadrons of the provincial firlfarry;PaSied by Castella, and the reserve was pla ced upon its right ; when I took for granted the in fantiy of the leffivai in the valley ; and some 150 cuirassier pipepting themselves in front of our squa dron's were imtiediatety attacked by the latter, and obliged to fly:"' At'thi S fiery moment 400 dragoons, whOhad been in giar, hastily advanced, an char. ging with great rapidity elm short number of cavalry, And part of the infantry, succeeded in surrounding the former, to Which the cOifassiers assisted, putting in disorder tke Mi ayres, CitArans, and a l so sa b r i ng ,those of cosur.aa and Guadiz: — ~ His Lacellency the'Cominander in Chierobierv ing this, went in person, ordered the reserve to be formkd'en mane, and placed his battalions in eschelons •ii'pon the road, and caused the' Whllocins to march towards the flank of the enemy; 'but their cavalry, which pursued our beite.i troops, endeavoured to sur round them upon the right ; and although they wete grade to change their airection, they charged With lila unNualled O•ortiptitude, that our troops had got time tJ tire at single shot, being either sabred or taken prisoners. I'' l4 On this accident tie Badajos Regiment gpt into dist) . rder ; Vilat' of Cuenca inamtained itself froth res alining the enetny,''and retired iti'goodotder fel the 'smelts of the Sierra Cole,' which gave an opportunity to link of our 'lwo' hewn lquadrdoh wAicb took to , :he'X.iid Sierra to join; prat eetec by the Mena Re gimei;t; IA hd in this 4ay gave Proofs of its discipline. " The enemy being now freed frOta the Cat vihkh • ‘• • :. • . • k . ,' y #sei F • • • tigritexeCtifoft Caste le tamed dam, mitt Wenn" mides.valry against Oar svoops'atlbi. The serenity /if thee troops, and itie manner in whigh thity re ceived the enemy, causing them great loss, and ob ng them to retrocede thrice, merit euloginre, and prove the state of discipline, and what may always be expected from sorb troops, Its •CommxnAustp•after discovering die neon of the centre, observed the r eitgorcement. Colllllls from Ahoy, and in the greatest order disposed his retreat, being much incommoded in it by the enemy, part of whom marched upon his flank, placing them selves in the Sierras, Notwithstanding all this, some. times taking positions, and sometimes dislodging the enemy from theirs, his division pursued its retreat to Xigona, and from thence to Ailicant, with its wounded. 44 Brigadier Santesieban, with the section of horse.. arrived in the neighbourhood at-break of day; took a position behind that town ; and between 4i I And seven in the morning, when he had intelligence of the enemy having evacuated Bier, marched for this town, advancing a squadron, but the lateness of this movement prevented his support in at action, and was, in my opinion, the principal eittse of its being lost. Our loss is excessive. compared to that of the enemy ; but in the midst of our misfortune, the beha viour of the troops appears to be encouraging, since to avoid dispersion they allowed themselves to be killed, wounded, and made prisoners, We sufficiently know from the declarations of the Chiefs and Officers taken prisoners, that the loss in killed and wounded was very great." , 711 E 451 2 4A15H CORM. SEVENTEENTH DAY. Senor the Marquis of VW.* FRANCA delivered a representation of the Superior Junta of Murcia, in which it was asserted, that the misfortune of the Se cond and Third Army, was greater than had been Stated by the General in Chief, Don Jose O'Donnel, in his dispatches ; that all the forces of the province had been useless ; that the action at B4za, which the. Gisette of the Regency had represented atsilltictorr; had been. nearly .as. disastrous as that at Camelia, though not conspicuously so. He proposed, there lore, that all the Cniefs of that army should be ;hanged, including the S ta ff, on account o f t h e little confidence which the people have in them. He said that the number of the enemy was about 8000 men, ;Ind our forces exceeded ten thousand. :le demanded a speedy remedy. The dispatch of General Cl'Deptiel . was read—in which he says, shafrtlie Army, the action of Cas , tella, after having gained .advaptages . , had suffered I some loss, in consequence of 'this squadrons of ca valry having been beaten on the left fl Ink—that he hoped the action would have nd ill consequences, though he sensibly felt that it hadlrustrated his de- i signs. The dispatch of the &line General, relative to the action at llama, was read. Senor Vii.t.nrausva proposed that the Regency should be requested to furnish fulland accurate intim.- rnation on the whole. . The Count Ds Toassiss proposed that the Secre tor y at War should be sent tur. Senor Taiwan, after having referred to ilit l ol 3 s notes which he had relative to this action, and shit, conduct of the Commander-in-Chiet, added, that it was suggested he had a firm support in the Regenty because his brother was a Regent—but surely, said he, neither he nor his broths can think themselves secure in your presence, unless they have justice on their side. f i resolution was thdn read, passed by the Con', gress in secret session, in the time of the former Re gency, authorising General Ballasteros, who was to go to to require, by means of the Intea dant of that.army, such supplies as he might think necessary for the subsistence of the army, the cons-. mind of which they entrusted to him. He said that this order of the Congress had been decidedly fOr General Ballasteros, and not for any other chief ; but that the present Regency having assumed the Government, they conferred the command of that army with those means upon General O'Donnel.— He observed also that Senor Ribas, the Intendant of that army, was the brother of another of the Regents, so that there existed a kind of semi-Regency, without the knowledge of the Congress. He proposed, and it was unanimously approved, that the Regency should be applied to, to send immediately to toe Con grecs the Secretary at War, with the original dis patches which the Regency had received relative vs the action at Castello, with the orders and provisions made by the Regency to investigate the causes of the loss of this action, the change of the General in Chief, and the destination of the former. After Some other business had been gone through, the Minister at War appeared, and read the dispatch, which the General in Chief had transmitted relative to the action in quest,ion. ' It appeared that the cavalry, under the command of hrigacher-General Santestevan, which ahould hat* li . een between §a* and year, had posted itself behirld Villena, withouttlie knowledge of the General • thek: the first charge of the ca v al r y was repulsed , bat not the second, to which the infantry was sabred, the battalions of Cadiz and Corona not moving, that the enemy's cavalry was Checked by the regiment of Cuenca, under its Colooel, the Count del Montigoj accompanied by the General in Chief—that the enemy only pursued the army to about a league and a hall from Castalla—thaeall the battalions (except that of Badajos, which fell into diearder without being charged) behaved perfecOy well, as likewise did the provisional squadrons' of the line; and the or. dinanzas of the General ; that thiindery would have been ours, if Brigadier Saniestevan had acted with the 763 horse under his command qo the left; he was immediately suspended. The date of this dispatch' . is Orchuela, July 30. That the statement of th e l oss was as follows; I, , officeni 3, Offi cers 13, dadetsS, ; serjeants 16, soldiers 364, h orses 4—Wounded, P. opal officers I,' Officers 30, Cadets 4, serjeants 18,' soldiers 401, 'hones B.—Prisoners, Principal officers , 9, Officers 67, Cadets 8, Serjeants 102, soldiers 2685, horsei 10. , He alto gave m a Statement • of the posi tions hecupied in . 6 astella . by 'the enemy, and our troops, and a copy of the initeuctions peen by the dreneral, with one of the number of wbich the corps eNnsisted ; as alio the declaration of an officer taken prisoner, who hid escaped, which wasp that there had __ ,= yeti •isfe ism but few dispersed, almost the whole los s _ silting in killed, wounded, and prisoners. The Regency has appointed Field Mar s h a l N . xavier slio, Commander in Chief of the 2d and 34 Army. and ord ere d hi m to nominate m; offi cer of 'character to enquire into this. The PREEiDgarr-w ,, I ask what de:genic:l;lmA% given to General O'Donnel The MINISTER — " The organization of 2 4 arm? of reserve; to Senior Cruz Mounzeon, and in his st s , ounce to Senior Lagoni, the comment:lot the Ito Senor TRAVER called the attention of the to the application of the deputation from Vate i t iti the' Regency of Spain, to avoid this caw /1 i which they momentarily feared, and thought' ' this was a case which required responsibility,* from General O'Donnel, but the Regency of Spa He again mentioned the ord er ( w hi c h i n his am e d o • discintirse he quoted) relative to' General 4 a u se notwithstanding which the Regency appoioMd%• Joseph O'Donnel, who came flying from!** General of the Secnnd and Third Arnsiesoaki e k do authorication of' the Cortes alone gave t o Ga ng Ballasteros. He read the applications made to ti le • Regency and the Cor:es by the deputationlm o v o ,, lencia.. They preferred charges against O'Doy a d. who was rewarded ; at present no complaint k rt .., ferred against O'Donnel ; it is against the R of Spain that charges are preferred.. Th e G, Rees . meat is bound to bring forward O'Dtmeeli the b., nour of his brother, the Regent, is compsomiked. It is necessary that this investigation shoule be ma d e by, epme individuals of the Congress, Am ong th e military melt there AM none who can investigate it ; all are under the infliieuce of the Regency. W) lae will the astonished Congress say to the ctedect cf the Regency in employing O'Donnel in eppesi t i ee to the judgment of the nation. Let th e invesugatiee take place in Alicant, and not in Cadiz, as in the case of General Blake, and let it be made by Been. ties from the Cortes. Senor VILLANUEVO (for tho information of flo. vernment, as one of their Members was present) ita4 a paragraph from the Commission of . Goverieneet from Valencia upon the state of the army. On the 14th, it in substance said, that from the occupation of the capital, a force of 10,000 men had lorded it over all the kingdom, and now only with 50u1 ma, and some trifling parties ; that our army consists of 10,000 infantry, 1300 horse, and an abundant te. tillery, in addition to an army of 6000 men in Ali. cant. They complain that the inhabitants maintsia an immense mass of men from a country which der do not defend. Senor TRAVER supported the propnsition, recces. mended energy to ihe Congress, and said it was le. sponsible to the nation. EIGHTEENTH DAY. The Secretary of War presented himself and took his seat. T he Commission of War inculcated do necessity of investigating the disgrace of the Mini 'Army, in Casten*, according to the establided ism; it did not approve of the prop *ions passed, and therefore proposed, Mat the Regency should inarrinfattly appaist a pm* of acknowledged tompartialtey, who should torestleste setellee upon this action, withm I; days. xd. That a Copy of it be transmitted to &Ore, r • who would examine its legality, and that whoa eat nay Ad it should be printed. r 31. That it disapproved of the Regency hewing appointed Cr sera! O'Douuts.r. General of an Army of Roserse, phut to kis being tried and acquitted. Senor GIRALDO strongly opposed the first of these propositions, quoting the success of a similar com mission given to the Governor Cf Peniitol4, antis Navarro, (who subsequently suirendered that tot► tress) to investigate the excesses of the 3d army, 4 La Mancha, a commission which no agent of Napa leon could have discharged more to his satisfactios, and stated that two of the Regents had two brothers in that army. - Senor CAFbIANY • entirely disproved of every thing contained in the Report of the Commission of War, and urged that strong measures should be adopted in such critical circumstances. " Whit," he exclaimed, 4, route upon route—no care; excess upon excess—no justice ! Who has the power of remedying this ? Your Majesty alone, who is the Father of . the Country, formed to save the Nation: it is time to think of revenging the country, baclll defended in some parts. What said Lucullus, van. quished by the Parthians, to his soldiers who wished to disperse, in presenting to them the head of his son? 4, The grief is mine, the vengeance yours." The Commission wishes the investigation to be bud • ted to the General's conduct, and I wish that tir should extend to the time when he took the cora mend. I wish the Ministers to inform us of the Gen neral's dispositions—whether he attacked or was at• tacked— what were his forces, and what were those of his opponents." The Minister said, that the General's Report, read yesterday, contained all the information demanded. which could again be read if required. Senor-Bosnia, disapproved thapropositions of the Commission of War. Senor CALATRAVA supported the Commission...-.a Gpti forbid (he said.) that the functions o f Gorr. ment should be exercised by 180 persons—if the Re! geney is blameable, render its responsibility effective. Senor TriAveas44 Yeeterday I offered to probe that the Regency was culpable. Iliad documents is my hands for this purpose. Your Majesty either hat or has not confidence in the Regency : if you haves proceed—if not, act. I oppose the Comenission.” Senor GOLFIF supported the Commission. Senor Prztosuls proposed 1. That the Corte, order the Commission of Valencia dial name a Commission, which, joine4l to that appointed by the Rl' gency, shall assist at the investigation, as the most c!rtaln sins* of ensuring the confidence of the Nation. L That the proem:lap be printed. S. That the General, whose military coodnit is beim Inver' • gaud, be not ioeviduals of the Councils of .War, sad tilit egav 1 tersest be also ezatidoett as to the facts. Senor AttGusums.--‘ 4 'Fh ere i s no confidence , in 'the nevernment. I enarely approve of ever,' thing' said by Senor Calatrava. What confidence can the nation have in a gov er nment whichhas di: - .lredited it • pl, I The Ministers retired, and :he Report of the Corn missio . n was confirmed in all its parts. Senor vote, when the first and third were rejected, sad 0 1 Peligrin's propositions were then put to d i e ' second &proud. .