Star. — London, England, 1830-04-29 00:00:00

. I ~J THE ORIENTAL QUARTERLY REVIEW will be published TO-MORROW. eicl° ,;•s , '' 5 \5,.., 44 • " 41.) _ _ 0 Milli\ ''`N s i ; wiz u ziolii , 01 , Nomur a , N oTirugs rare CONTENTS. 1, Territorial Conquests of the East India Company-2. Suf. (clings of a Desert Journey, from the Nile to the Red Sea-3. On the various systqms of Law in British India-4. Original Picture of Society in Anucnia--5. Opinions of Sir Thomas Alunro-8. Origin of Hieroglyphics and Alphabetic Writing-7. memoir of Sir Spit:llford Raffles-8. Travels in Central Africa-9. Review of the f. produced below the Committee of the House of Com mons on :he Last India Company's monopoly of the Trade with China, Jilting the present Session of Parliament. London: Hurst, Chance, and Co. and all other Booksellers. ITALIAN ALABASTER, consisting' of Groups of l J. Figures, Vases, and a great variety of smaller Article., together with superior Marble and Agate Tables, just arrived from Flo rence, at MAWE's, No. LID, Strand. Also, a fine Assortment of French Bronzes, &c. ',Allan Powder for cleaning Alabaster, Is. each Box. °• 13,461. THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 29, IS3O. PRICE 7D. CANADA. HOUSE OF COMMONS—WEDNESDAY. 361/1110ETT'8 DIVORCE BILL. Mr. PEACH moved the second reading of the above bill. Mr. 8. RICE took that opportunity of expressing a hope that the unanimous feeling of the country evinced with respect to the present imperfect state of the laws of divorce, would Jul= his Majesty's Ministers to adopt some measure for the amendment of these laws upon so important a subject, so as to prevent a repetition of those proceedings which have recently taken place from again outreging public feeling. . The House then resolved itself into a Committee. AN IMPORTANT DISCOVERY for producing beautiful TEETH. ROWLAND'S °DONT(); or, PEARLY DENTIFRICE. YORK, UPPER CANADA, MARCH et. At twelve, a.m. the Members of the Assembly were summoned by the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod, to the Bar of the Legis lative Council, where his Excellency, being seated on the Throne, was pleased to close the Session with the following Speech : The high and important character this Powder has obtained from some of the most eminent of the Faculty, has induced Messrs. ROWLAND to offer it to the Nobility, Gentry, and Public at large, as a truly efficient Powder, composed of ingredients the must pure and rare, selected from Eastern soil, and possessing entraordi. nary powers in completely eradicating all deleterious matter front its corroding seat, and realising A BEAUTIFUL SET OF PEARLY TEETH, And sustains them and the Gums in original purity to the Latest period of Ilk. War ranted innocent. Price 9.5. 9d. per Box, Duty included. " Hunou►ablc Gentlemen of the Legislative Council, and Gen tlemen ol the House ol• Assembly, " The assiduity with which the public business of this Session has been transacted now enables me to relieve you from your Legis lative duties. " Among the Bills passed there are none which can afford more general satisfaction than those which secure the long.expected re muneration for losses, the repair of roads, • convenient entrance to Burlington Bay, and the completion of the AVellatid Canal-.a work advantageous to the conjoint interests of the Province, as it is pecu liarly valuable to the agricultural and commercial prosperity of some of your finest Districts. " I regret that the Bill for imposing an additional duty on shop licenses must be necessarily reserved for the signification of his Ma jesty's pleasure, the usual accounting cause being omitted. Witnesses were then ordered to the Bar and examined by Mr. 'Putney end other CounseLin support of the Bill. After the examination (which was similar to that recently given in the !louse of Lords) had proceeded for some time, Mr. PORTMAN submitted that as no evidence had been ad duced of the parties living together at the present time as man and wife, it was unnecessary to proceed further with the examination. The CHAIRMAN reported progress, the house resumed, the re. port brought up, and the Bill ordered to be read a third time. Mr. HUMIi regretted the absence hom the house of the right lion. Secretary of State, for he (Mr. Hume) wished to have been informed whether ministers intended to bring forward any measure for the removal of the mockery of proceedings the house had just witnessed. He should consider ministers unmindful of their duty to the public so long as they neglected to amend the present in- I jurious system of the law of divorce. Dr. PHILLIMORE said he agreed in the sentiments expressed by the hon. member; the law of divorce, as it now stood, was highly injurious to society, and so important did he consider a speedy alteration in it, that he would then give notice of bringing forward a motion upon this subject on the 18th of May, unless lie heard that it was intended by government to bring forward some measure for the amendment of the Law of Divorce. (Hear). Mr. CLIVE presented a petition from the mayor and inhabitants of Ilenford, praying fora revision of the criminal code.—Laid on the table. 'Die Genuine has the Name and Address on the Government Stamp," .1. ROWLAND and Sos," '2O, Hatton Garden." Sold by aunt, and most respectable Perfumers and Medicine Venders tliriosbout :be World. Also, ROWLAND'S ALSANA EXTRACT, Which has for many years been highly esteemed. It immediately tkliercs the most violent Tooth-ache, Gum-boils, Swelled Face, &c. It is al.o an excellent Stomachic, in cases of Flatulency, Spasmodic Affections, &c. and gives instantaneous relief. Ptice 2s. 91-4 s. 6d.—anJ 10s. 6d. per Bottle. The Genuine has the Name and Address engraved on the Go. sonment Stamp, A. ROW LA ND and SON, 20, HATTON-GARDEN. " Gentlemen of the House of Assembly, " I thank you for the supplies which you have granted for the service of the Province, and for defraying the expense incurred on several public works. " Honourable Gentlemen and Gentlemen, " We need but compare the actual state of the pravince with its condition a few years since, to perceive how susceptible of rapid im provement it is at this period by a judicious application of the means at the command of the Legislature. " Front your individual exertion also, much benefit may be ex pected by promoting measures to encourage in your respective dis. tricts moral and industrious habits ; the sure path to that ease and independence which every settler in this productive country can ob tain by his own activity and perseverance" Ard it soli by them and most Perfumers and Medicine Venders. MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS, N,lti by BUTLER, & Co. Chemists, Cheapside, corner of St. Paula; .tvury, & Co. LW, New Bond -street, and 220, Regent-street; (Ailing, 26, Oxford.street ; Bayley and Co. 17, Cockspur-street ; intlus, 61, Bishopagate Without; Chalk, 47, Mtnories ; Ea son:, 2 i, Aldgate; and Odling, 150, Borough. COOLING - APERIENT POWDERS.—These Pow dens produce an Effervescing Draught extremely refreshing ...ad grateful to the palate, as well as at the same time a mild and cooling Aperient, peculiarly adapted to remove Indigestion, Heart hum, and Nausea, and counteract Acidity in the Stomach. This reparation will obviate the necessity of having recourse to Calomel, Epsom Salts, and otlitr strong and nauseous medicines, which often debilitate the system without producing the desired effects. When take:. atter too free an indulgence in the luxuries of the Table, par ticularly after too mach %Vine, the usual disagreeable effects . are pre. vented. In Boxes at 2s. 9d. THE VEGETABLE TOOTH POWDER.—This Denti frice has to long been in general use, and an appendage to the fashiunabLi toilet, that it is almost unnecessary to offer any fur. thcr recommendation in favour of it. Composed of Vegetables, sitliout the admixture of any Mineral or pernicious ingredient what:ver, it is tree from the usual objections so justly formed against the use of other Dentifrices.. Its detersive power is just suf ficient to remove those destructive particles which adhere to the thuas ar.d the interstices of the teeth ; and, if used regularly, will procrve ;nun in a sound state even to old age. In Boxes at 2s. bd. FLUID EXTRACT OF SARSAPARILLA (simple and compound) fur making the Decoction as it may be required, in a manner superior to that generally used. A dessert-spoonful will make half a pint of the Decoction ; it is used as an alternative in nttufuL, Scurvy, Secondary Symptoms, and other cutaneous Die. rases, and as a remedy for the improper use of 3lercuty. In Bot tles, et 4s. Gd. 7s. 6d. and 20s. CO3IPOUND ESSENCE OF CUBEDS.—This Preparation :s a strung Essence of the Cubtbs, in combination with other .ngi.Nlients, which, whilst equally mild and innoxious, to the Con- NNtution have been found by experience materially to increase the known efficacy of the Cubebs. It is therefore confidently rearm. :,:ended for those affections arising from diseases of the Kidneys, Bladder, &c. and that class of Diseases generally In which the use of the Cubebs has been found so serviceable. In Bottles at 4s. Gd. ;‘. lid. and 20s. QUININE LOZENGES, for relieving Heartburn, Flatulence, Inthgestion, Nausea, Lou of Appetite, WatetbnuM, &c. and giving Tot:e to the Stomach. In Boxes at 2s. and 4s. 6d. ACIDULATTED CAYENNE LOZENGES, fur Habitual Sore Throats, Hoarseness, Relaxation of the Uvula, Etc.—Also refreshing Stimulus in Fatigue, Field Sports, &c. In Boxes, at '4. and 4*. 6d. CAJEPUT OPODELDOC, (preferable to that in common use) 115 ca with much success in cases of Rheumatism, Sprains, Hawses, xe. In Bottles, at ls. led. and 2s. 9d. PECTORAL ELIXIR, strongly recommended in Colds, ha tined Coughs, Asthmatic Affections, &c. In Bottles at Is. id. AA 2i. IN. The above Preparations, when Genuine, will have the Name od Address of " BUTLER, Chemist, Cheapside." attached to 'atcn.—l'enicular attention to this caution is requested. THE CAT AND THE BOOT; Or, An Improvernsnt upon Mirrors. A S l one morning shaving sat. For dinner-time preparing, A dreadful howling from the cat Set all the room a staring Sudden I turn'd--beheld a scene I could not but delight in ; Fur in n:y boot, so bright and clean, The Cat her face was fighting. Bright was the boot—its surface fair, In lustre nothing lacking ; I never saw one halt so clear, Except by Warren's Blacking. (Watren ! that name shall last as long As beaux and belles shall dash on, Immortalized in every song That chaunts the praise of fashion. For, eh ! without his Blacking, all Attempts we may abolish To raise upon our boots at all The least of jet or polish.) Surpris'd, its brilliancy I vicw'd With silent admiration ; The glass that un the table stood %l axed dimly in its station. I took the boot, the glass displac'd, Fur soon I was aware, 'Pie latter only was disgracq lla:neer the boot was near. And quickly found that I could shave Mitch better by its bloom, Than any mirror that I have Within my drawing-room. And since that time, I've often smil'd To think how Puss was frighten'd. When at the boot she mad and toil'd, By Warrea's Blacking brighten'd. £b:. Easy Shining and Brilliant BLACKING Prepared by e /// /1.'6( ///I •14(//1i sTitA ND , London; And sold in every Town in the Kingdom. LIQUID in Bottles, 61 lard. 12d. and Did. each. PASTE. BLACKING, in Puts, 6d. 12d. and 18d. each. IC. - ..• Be Particular to inquire for ROB?. WARREN 'B, 30, STRAND. AIL WHIMS &RE CIJUIITIMMIT. COLOMBIA. Extract of a letter dated Bogota, February 14 : " A most Important affair will be decided by the Congress to morrow—that of peace or war with Venezuela. War, I believe, will be determined upon, but an offer of federation will be made of the three states. General O'Leary set out this morning to take the command of the troops marching on Cucuta : he is to be commander. in-chief against Pacz, if he does not agree to the federation. If the federation is agreed to or enforced, there can be no doubt that the creditors of Colombia will stand better than ever, as a sort of emu lation will spring up between the three states, which must lead to the improvement of their resources. You are of course aware that the grounds advanced for the recent revolution here and in Venenuela are the attempts to establish monarchy. A letter from General Ur. dancta to General Paez has been published in Venezuela, and shows that the Goverrinfent relied on the aid of European cabinets ; and a letter has just now appeared, in a Gamma paper, from General Briceno Mendez to General Bermudez, showing, in more distinct terms, the support offered for establishing a monarchy, by M. de Bresson and Colonel Campbell, the French and British agents._ Is it possible that the British Government could understand so imperfectly the general feeling of Colombia as to offer its support to a measure that would destroy our interest in every point of view ? What I mean by destroying our interest Is, that a government es. tablished against the common will would be subject to constant at tacks and insurrection in all parts; thus our trade would be anni. hilated, and all hopes of the payment of interest on the loans frus trated. The French, it has been said, expected to be recompensed for their efforts by a French Prince succeeding to the throne; but how was poor John Bull to come out of it ? lie was to be gulled by French intrigue into a belief that monarchy was the general wish in Colombia, and afterwards gulled out of his trade and money by the establishment of • French dynasty, which would have taken good care to secure all good things for Frenchmen. M. de Bresson thought he was playing a deep game here, and the influence he had obtained over our diplomatic agent gave hint hopes of success ; but, as it is, a general suspicion has been created in South America of the political views of France with regard to these countries. Great Britain will get over these aspersions, as it is not believed that her Government had any intention of interfering in the affairs of Co lombia. however much her agent may have countenanced the idea. I am now convinced that the people of Colombia are decidedly op posed to a monarchy." IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS-WEDNESDAY. Counsel and witnesses were heard at the bar In support of Wal. lie's Divorce Bill. After which, on the motion of Viscount Du %ALLY the bill was read a second time. Lord HARDWICHE presented a petition from Wisbech,whieh was read at length, against the punishment of death for forgery. The Duke of BEAUFORT presented a petition front the woollen manufacturers of the county of Gloucester, against the truck system. The noble duke also presented a petition from the master, wardens, &c. of Brktol, in favour of a free trade to India. Lord tiOWER presented petitions from Stoke, Burslem, Lane. cod, and other places in the Staffordshire Potteries, against the syn. tem of employing climbing boys to sweep chimneys. The noble lord also presented a petition from the first.named place for throwing open the trade to India and China. BRITISH SPIRITS. The Earl of MALAIESBURY gave notice that to-morrow (this day), he should present a petition from the distillers of the United Kingdom, against the proposed additional duty of a shilling a gallon on British spirits. The Four per Cent. Annuities Bill, the Haymarket Removal Bill, with some Private (Road) Bills, were read a third time and passed. CHURCH REVENUES. The Earl of SIIAFTESBUKY having moved the second reading of the Bishop of London's Estates Bill, The Bishop of LONDON rose and said—My lords, on the se. cond reading of this bill, I wish to make a few remarks on a sub. jeer upon which, in another place, some observations were made relating to the supposed value of my see, which are so exceedingly inaccurate, that 1 feel it to be my duty to lose no time in making a refutation of them. (Hear, hear.) At the same time, I beg to add, that I believe the honourable gentleman who had made these observations had no intention of misrepresentation, but has pro. coded in what he stated on mistaken facts—on inaccurate data. The honourable gentleman, in speaking of the income of the bishop of Rochester, said that there was one bishop with an income of 100,0001. a year. There, at least, the hon. gentleman has spoken with inaccuracy, as far as the income of one see is concerned. Having mentioned the supposed income of the sees of Canterbury and Durham, 1 have reason to believe that the hon. gentleman meant to allude to the see of London in what he then added, because the amount of the income of the see has been so stated in some of the public papers. Unwilling as I am, my lords, to offer anything relating to myself, I do think that I ought not to let those errors I pass without refutation. What are the facts, my lords ? The hon. gentleman has stated the sec to be nearly eight times as much as the actual value of it. I will venture to assert, without fear of contra , diction, that the actual revenue certainly does not now amount to one seventh of what the hon. gent. stated-1 mean one.fourteenth part. Without going into detail taking Into account all the con tingencies to which it is liable, the income, in my life time at legal, is never likely to amount to one.seventh part of what has been asserted. Your Lordships are aware that part of the funds arise from lands which have been let on building leases in the Act. I nity of London. From these an income of 2,7001. a year is derived, and it is possible that, in the course of thirty years, the income may be 1,0001. a year more on this property. The funds of the see chiefly arise front impropriate rectories, a series of property which your lordships need not be told is not likely to increase in value." The right reverend and learned Prelate then proceeded to say that he felt it but justice to make the observa tions he had done, and when the claims made upon him were fully answered, but little remitted foe his family. Having said thus much with respect to his, own see, which be knew to be facts, he would only add that the statement made with respect to the income of other sees had, in like wanner, been greatly exaggerated. 'The Bill was then read a second time. The Earl of 811ArFESBURY presented a petition front some individuals at Hampstead against Sir Thomas Wilion's Estate Bill. Adjourned at a quarter past Five. PARLIAMZNTARY REFORM. Mr. E. DAVENPORT gave notice that on Monday next he should present a petition signed by 5,000 persons, inhabitants of Birmingham, praying for parliamentary reform. Mr. A. CANIPBELL presented a petition against the Glasgow Royalty Bill. Mr. DUNDAS presented also a similar petition—Referred to the Committee on the Bill. Lord BELORAVE presented a petition from the inhabitants of Chester, praying for the abolition of the punishment of death for forgery. Colonel I.YGON presented a petition from the High Sheriff', Magistrates, and Corporation of Kidderminster, against the beer bill. HU3IE presented a petition from the inhabitants of Ross, in the county of Hereford, praying for the abolition of the punish. ment of death for forgery ; and in doing so, the hon. gentleman stated, that he for one was very desirous to sec the punishment of death abolished in all cases, except murder and treason. Sir G. CLERK presented a petition from the Dalkeith Farming Society, praying that no addition a l d u ty m i g h t b e i mpose d on B r i t i s h spirits without a corresponding duty being imposed on rum. SCHEDULE OF TAXATION. Sir J. NEWPORT complained of the non-performance of the promise of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, that an amended schedule of the comparative taxation of Great Britain and Ireland should be produced, and put into the hands of members. It was hard to call upon the house to enter upon the discussion of the sub ject without having had the documents necessary to its elucidation. He complained also that in the consolidation bill additional taxes keg been introduced, of which no notice had been given ; and he considered the conduct of the minister highly culpable in that respect. Mr. HERRIES, in the absence of his right hon. friend, ex. plained the difficulties under which he had laboured on the subject; and expressed his persuasion that the paper In question would be pre sented as soon as possible. Sir J. NEWPORT repeated his statement with respect to the In troduction of additional taxes into the Consolidation Bill ; and de clared his conviction that as to the taxes which the Chancellor of the Exchequer intended to impose on that part of the united empire to which he (Sir J. Newport) had the honour to belong, they would have the effect of decreasing instead of increasing the revenue. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER having now en. tered the house, stated the reasons which had retarded the explana. tion for which the hon. bare. was desirous. There appeared to be such a general anxiety before the holidays to see the schedule of duties, that he had sent it to be printed, defining the explanatory statements until after the recess, when he expressed his intention of moving its re-committal for that purpose. Dr. PHILLIMORE objected to the introduction into the bill of an indirect taxation on law proceedings. He urged the speedy pro. duction of the schedule. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER did not know why it had not yet been delivered. /11r. HUME concurred with his honourable friends, that many in. creases of taxation had been made in various departments, of which no entice had been given. The Chancellor of the Exchequer had mentioned an increase of 110,0001. on Stamps in Ireland, and had stated that the increase was confined to Ireland; it now, however, turned out, as he unders t ood, that it was to t a k e pl ace i n E ng l an d and Scotland as well. He hoped there would be no longer delay In furnishing explanations on the subject. The. CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER expressed his desire to give all the information that could be required. Here the conversation dropped. Sir R. WILSON presented a petition from several parishes in the county of Nottingham, praying for the abolition of the punish. meat of death for forgery. Sir J. WROTTESLEY presented a petition from Stafford against the beer bill. — The calla for Mr. Grant, which had been for some time increas ing, now became loud and general. TERCEIRA. 141 i. GRANT commenced his speech by reading the Resolutions which it was his intention to submit to the house, and which were as follow : " That prior to the 12th of Dec. 1828, her Majesty the Queen Donna Maria 11. had been recognized by his Majesty and the other great Powers of Europe to be legitimate Queen of Portugal and that at the period above named the said Queen was residing in this country, and had been received by his Majesty with the accustomed honours of her Royal rank. " That on the said 12th of Dec. the Island of Terceira, part of the dominions of the Queen of Portugal, was governed by authori ties, civil and military, in allegiance to her Majesty. " That on the said 12th of December instructions were given by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, stating that ' a consi derable number of Portuguese soldiers, and other foreigners, were about to sail in transports from Plymouth to Falmouth, and it is supposed they intend making an attack on Terceira, or others ofl the Western Isles ' • and his Majesty having been pleased to corn. mend that a naval force should be immediately despatched, to in. terrupt any such attempt, you are hereby required and directed to take the ship and sloop named in the margin under your com mand, and to proceed with all practical expedition to Terceira; and having ascertained that yo u h a v e succeeded in reaching that ;dead before the transports alluded to, you will remain yourself at Angra or Praia, or cruising close to the island in the most advisable posi tion for intercepting any vessels arriving off it ; and you will detach, the other ships as you shall deem best for preventing the aforesaid force from reaching any of the other islands.' " That on the arrival of the naval force sent to Terceira, in pus. unmet of these instructions, the commanding officer found that is. land in possession of and governed by the authorities above men tioned. " That in the beginning of January, 1929, a number of Portu guese, subjects or soldiers of her said Majesty, voluntarily left this country with a view of repairing to the said island, and that their departure and destination were known to his Majesty's Government ; they appear to have embarked and sailed in unarmed merchant to have been unaccompanied by any naval force, and themselves without any arms or ammunition of war. " That these unarmed merchant ships and passengers were pre vented by his Majesty's naval forces, sent for the purpose, from en. tering the harbour of Porto Praia; and that after t had been tired into, and blood had been spilled, they were coin led, under the threat of the further use of force, again to to sea, and warned to quit the neighbourhood of Terceira and the rest of the Azores, but that they might proceed wherever else they might think proper. " That the use of fora in intercepting these unarmed vessels, and preventing them anchoring and landing their passengers in the harbour of Porto Praia, was a violation of the sovereignty of the state to which the island of Terceira belonged ; and that the fur -1 Ibex interference to c compel those merchant ships or transports to quit the neighbourhood of the Azores,' was an assumption of juris. diction upon the high seas, neither justified by the necessity of the I ease, nor sanctioned by the general law of nations." The hon. member then said that last Session documents were pro duced on this subject ; but extensive as they were, they at the same time were most unsatisfactory and contradictory. The ministers having submitted the question to parliament by the preweniktion of such papers, the house was justified in requiring freah diforniatien. He was, however, prepared to admit, that from what had passed elsewhere, there was no hope of further papers on the subject being furnished. The government, it seemed, had resolved on neutrality; that was their declaration. With that he had nothing to do—he would not discuss that question row, be cause he would not be drawn from the main question. This he must by the way remark, that we had no treaty, no compact wilt Don Miguel—on the contrary, we had denounced him as be ing' engaged in unjust usurpation ; but the case was diferer t with Donna Maria, for we were in treaty with her, and had 'recognised her claims. With Don Miguel our neutrality was optional; but with the Queen of Portugal the case was nit!: ferent--short of war, we were bound to the utmost to surly rt her cause. He would relate some particulars connected with the case, following the order of time, as the information ap peared in the documents. It was observable, that though the Portuguese had been in this country since August, they did not appear to have attracted the notice of Government till Octo ber, and then in consequence of a letter from the Marquis de Bar. bscena. The government then directed their departure from tins country. It was competent to do that—but the order tor the de parture was accompanied with conditions, not to proceed to Portugal or Terceira. That he n.aintained we had nut the power as neutrals to do. England there outstepped the principles of neutrality. The controul on the part of England could only extend a hide the per. ties remained within the kingdom, and so far subject to the rule of the neutral ; the extention of controul beyond that limit was not justified by the law of nations. If this were not so, the powerful neutrals could indirectly become belligerent!. If this were not so, when the subjects of belligerents came here, they were to be put under the controul of the neutral as to all their subsequent movements. It was Paid, that when the slave landed in England he became free ; but if this new doctrine were correct, when the subjects of conteeding belligerents came to neutral England they became the :dews of this country. Was that the law of natiors ? Who ever so read that law ? Another peculiarity its principle and doctrine was c‘:- dent throughout the papers that had Lien produced, namely, tl:e doctrine that the coteries should fallow the fate of the mother coon - try. That feeling was evident throughout the papers. (Hear.)-- True, that was the doctrine of old Spain—but by Mr. Canning's act in calling the new world into existence, that doctrine had been abolished for ever. (Loud cheers.) He maintained that our govern ment was not juetifiAl in preventing the Portuguese from going into a colony of Portugal, as they could not go to Portugal itself. It was alleged, in defence of such prevention, that a civil war was raging in Terceira at the time; but the papers contained no proof of that fact, nor was it urged at the beginning of the coo. respondence ; on the contrary, the papers imparted evidence of a very different character. Ili the ceirreepontleoce, the Portuguese remaining in this country urged the continued and faithful aliegi. ance of Terceira; but, nevertheless, the Duke of Wellington said that his Majesty could not grant permission to them to go to Tcr. ceira. (Hear, hear.) If the Government had known at that time 4)1 the existence of a civil war in Terceira, would not that have been sufficient mason; at all events, would not the fact have been asserted? (Hear.) But it was not till an advanced state of the correspondence with the Marquis l'almella, that the civil war of Terceira was even mentioned. The conduct of our fleet was ex traordinary, and calculated to excite that feeling which the cor respondence eventually advanced as the reason for refusing the required permission to the Portuguese. The Governor of Ter ceira was a creature of Don Miguel's, but his efforts failed ; and he could not but think that our Government had been very imperfectly informed as to the real state of feeling in Ter ceira ; for in that place coins had actually been prepared recognizing Donna Maria. Barbccena had informed our Go vernment of the state of allegiance of Terceira ; and yet the Duke of Wellington had termed the attempt of ,the Portuguese to land a " hostile" attack—hostile attack, too, from those who had no arms in their hands.—(laughter anti cheers.) Our government had curious notions of what constituted hostile attacks ; and the instructions given to Captain Walpole on this subject were full et' extraordinary language as to what might be done by unarmed Met,. , These Portuguese were unarmed—but they might get arms on hav ing landed. Supposing arms which had been forwarded from dos country had been followed by the purchasers, was that any breach of neutrality 1 The best proof that it was not was that the fact was never urged as such by our Government ; besides, at the same time a vessel was going to Portugal with arms, and another to Terceira, from this country. He could not but think that the question of arms had not had too much to do with the conduct of our government in this matter. (hear, hear.) But the question was, whether it was right thus to have interrupted the Portu guese when they were no longer within the limits of this country ? That was the question at issue, and he was pre pared to contend that what England did on that occasion was unjust. It was inconsistent with all the known principles of the laws of nations. Anti he hesitated not to assert, that if the capacity to avenge themselves had existed, that intenrup tion would not have taken place, because, had the capacity existed, we should have known full well that it would have been immediately followed by hostilities on the part of that government whose sub. jests had been so unjustifiably prevented from landing on their own country. We should have known—had there been the capacity— that immediate war must have been the consequence. Our govern ment knew that fact. They chose their victims well. They would • not so have acted towards France, or Russia, or the United States. No ; they reserved much conduct to be observed towards the unarmed faithful and loyal Portuguese. Towards such only could we so act —towards such only could we so exert our gr a tuito us " neutrality," as it was termed. (Hear). But was all this well ? DA it redound to the honour, did it sustain the character, of England ? The cir cumstances attending this aggression on the unarmed and loyal Por tuguese merited some special remark. It did not take place where the flag of England had. a right to hear sway; it took place in the waters near the island, and, consequently, where the Portuguese sovereignty ought to have prevailed, and ought to have been ob. served by neutrals. When two boats were lowering, and were about to land the Portuguese, our vessels interfered and pre vented the landing. In such worthy occupation was the British Navy employed ! And Airther, there was something remark. able in the time selected; it was when the lawful sovereign of Portugal was most favourably received in this country ; England thereby becoming a party to the increased misfortunes to which that Sovereign was subjected. At that time our fleet was engaged in pre venting her subjects from landing at the only spot which continued its allegiance. (Hear.) The loss of life that had occurred was trifling ; but it might have been considerable, bad our vessels turned their broadsides upon the unarmed Portuguese; at all events the 'principle of the transaction way the same. (Hear.) The Portuguese bad received permission to go as individuals ; and yet, though mt. armed, they were attacked. Just as well might the emigrants goirtg to the Swan River be attacked, on the ground of having hostile in tentions towards the place where they landed. It way, however, said that amongst them there were Gentians. It was true, 200 had gone ftom Germany, and had touched at Portsmouth, but had never even been in this country. They were collected under the authority of their own sovereign, and they were going to serve their sovereign ; but they, too, were turned back by the neutral. —(Cheers.) He wished to ask the question, what had these Per tuguese done? Had they taken oaths ? Had they been parties to I treaties ? Had they insulted the majesty of this country? Had they committed four.fold perjuties ? Or, had they been party to rearing a throne on crime, and wading to sovereignty through blood? What had they dent? He wanted to know what they had done to warrant the interference of' neutral England ?—(Hear.) Having re ceived information that Terceira retained its allegiance, the. Marge is Palmella proposed that the Portuguese might land there instead of Brazils. He was justified in that language ; but when they attempted to land there, they were interrupted by force. It was an unjust proceed. lag—the strong taking advantage of the weak ; and it it were to be justified, they would thereby unroot the laws of nations, and subject them to the caprices of the strongest. This country had taken a neutral position. ; having done so, the laws of nations did not warrant the course that had been adopted—the aggression that had been inflicted on them. That the Portuguese were in every sense beyond the controul of this country was established, not only by the general laws of nations, but by what tool:place on the occa sion of and after the passing of the foreign ealtablialiment Bill. Mr. Canning laid it down as a principle, the rule of law was recognized distinctly, that such law should not proceed hi yonti our own shores. i Hear.) That was a clear and a just principle, and he was no wise 111 Mister who would attempt to reverse it.-- (Hear, hear.) Illuch had been said about " false clearances,' I that the vessels containing the Portuguese, whose landing at Ter ceira we had prevented, had quitted the English shores upon " false clearances ;" but be that fact what it might, it had nothing to do with the question. They left England with the declared intention of going to another place, but they afterwards went to Terceira. When they altered their course, it was too late for us to interfere— they had quitted our ports; they were No longer—if the laws of na tions went for anything—those laws tint were to protect the 'leak against the auwag—those vessels were so longer wider the infipetice of our controul, whether they had quitted England upon false clearances or not. But even that defence was not complete. On the 99th of December, the Marquis Palinella announced that those Portuguese would prov ed to Terceira; and it was not till the 6th of January that two vessels sailed, with the avowed intention, which ' had been known for more than a fortnight, of sailing to Terceira.