Star. — London, England, 1820-11-27 00:00:00

0 4. 6 % lb- 6'4. • 410' AND AUSTRIA. .= *WOW • ilpsdn... N k biIAPAPER. 44 11111SRCRZTARY of STATE, MINISKER Of FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO THE KING OF THE TWO SICILIES, TO • SIIS lIIGHNKSS PRINCE METTERNICH, MINISTER OF STATE AND OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS TO THE DUPE* *OR OF AUSTRIA. " NAPLES, OCTOBER 1. •e His Majesty the King of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, after having renewed, in the face of the National Parliament, his solemn oath to observe the new compact which has united in one the interests of his august dynasty and of his people, deems it his first and most important duty to adopt the proper measures which may contribute to consolidate his work, and to guard it from the attacks which false political combinations or ill-founded prejudices might excite against it. " On this account, his Majesty has ordered the undersigned Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to I make without delay, to his Highness Prince Metter -1 nich, Mi , iister of State, of Conterences, and of Fo reign Affairs, to the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and Bohemia, the following communica tion :—From the moment that the King determined to second the unanimous wishes of his People, in adopting for his States the Constitution of Spain, one of his first cares was to make known to the Cabinet of Vienna, the only Cabinet with which he had en- gagements, the circumstances which had given oc casion to this event, and to assure it, at the same time, that it could not introduce any change in the relatio :s of amity and good understanding which hap pily subsisted between the two Courts. " Prince Cariati was entrusted with this honour able mission; hut all his efforts to execute it were unsuccessful, the Austrian Ministry having declined, under different pretexts, all explanation on the af fairs of Naples. A fatal prejudice has taken posses sion of its counsels, and it declared against our po litical reform before even it could form a just °pi-, nion of it, and almost on the first rumour of it which reached Vienna. " Anxious to enlighten the Imperial Court of Vienna on the true state of our affairs, the King has tened to write himself to his Majesty the Emperor, his august nephew and son-in-law. Duke Nicolas, of Serra Capriola was commissioned to present the royal letter to his Imperial Majesty, and to announce to the Austrian Ministry the destination of the Duke of Gallo to the embassy at Vienna, in reom of Prince Ruffo, who, by an inexcusable disobedience to the orders of his Government, had forfeited the con& deuce of his Sovereign and of the Nation. " Unhappily, the mission of the Duke of Serra Capri°la had no better success than that of Prince Cariati. He did not obtain permission to see his Im• perial Majesty ; he was told that the Emperor did not think himself bound to reply to the King's letter, which he had received on the supposition that its co►►teats were of a nature purely confidential. Or- ders were at the same time dispatched by the Aus trian \linistry to the frontiers of the Empire, com- . _ mantling the Duke of Gallo to discontinue his jour. ney to Vienna. This Ambassador, who was provided with a credential letter from the King, and with other con fidential letters of his Majesty to the Emperor, was, in fact, obliged to stop at Klagenfurth ; and having addressed remonstrances to the Austrian Ministry against a treatment as unhandsome as it was irre gular, Prince Metternich answered him by a Note, dated the 2d of September last, that in consequence of a revolution which saps the foundation of the so cial edifice, and threatens at once the safety of thrones, of acknowledged institutions, and the tranquillity of nations, his Imperial Majesty would be acting in con tradiction of the principles which he had invariably made the rule of his conduct, if he accepted the mis sion with which the Duke of Gallo was enu usted: " We must confess that, the more we reflect on these phrases, the less can we comprehend their meaning, especially when we weigh attentively and candidly the events which have taken place in Naples. Because the King, free in his palace, in the midst of his council, composed of his ancient Ministers, formed the resolution of satisfying the unanimous wish of his people, by granting them a system more adapted to their necessities, more conformable to the know ledge of the age, and which he would haye granted them earlier, had not their desires been concealed from him, the Cabinet of Vienna imagines that the social edifice is sapped to its foundation ! When the legitimacy of the rights of the reigning family has been loudly proclaimed, guaranteed, and confirmed by the general wish of the nation—when this nation Las shewn, from the first moment of its political change, the most profound veneration and the most absolute devotion to the King and Royal Family, it is pretended that the security of thrones is menaced! When it is universally known that we have carried, even to scrupulosity, the respect for the rights, inde pendence, and institutions of other nations, having refused to intermeddle in any manner whatever with the affairs of Benevento and Ponte Corvo, though those States are hemmed in (enclaves) by the kingdom, and the inhabitants addressed to the King the most urgent requests to be re-united to the monarchy of the Two Sicilies—and when, in literally executing a Lurdensvine stipulation which extraordinary circum stances bad imposed upon us, we pay, with thc great est exactness, to Prince Beauharnois, the five millions of francs which the Government had engaged to supply to him—it is maintained that ac knowledged in stitutions and the repose of nations are endangered ! "Fortunately the facts just stated are too notorious to be doubted, and the Cabinet of Vienna has not, even for a long time, been able to dissemble their ac knowledgment. 'Therefore, in the confidential ex planations which his Highness Prince Metternich has had with the Prince de Cimitile, he attacked us with other arms. According to the opinion of his High ness, the Carbonari were the sole instigators of the events that have happened at Naples ; they forced the King's inclination and the majority of the nation, excited the army to rebellion, and proclaimed a defective constitution which offers no guarantee of stability " Such are, in short, the new grievances which the Austrian Minister urges to the Prince de Cimitile against our political reform. Let us examine them with coolness, and without bitterness. •' Whenever a sect or any faction obtains any con cession by force, it is in the nature of things that sower or later an opposition is formed and auk sweated, and at times acquires even the ascendancy Of the triumphant party. In our country, on the con• teary, far from perceiving the smallest trace of dis- Lsendon,"nothing ts seen but perfect unison of senti ment, principles, and desires. Unbounded devotion to the King, and his august dynasty—inviolable at tachment to the constitutional system—a resolution to defend it to the last extremity—such is the profes sion of faith of all the inhabitants of the Two Sicilies. We do not except the inhabitants of Palermo, whose difference of opinion arises from other points of a less general interest; with the exception of what has taken place in that quarter, no violence nor the slightest re-action has disturbed the tranquillity of the king dom. The orders of Government are respected;— justice is impartially administered; the taxes are paid; the discipline of the Army is maintained; in dividual liberty, that of opinion, is full and entire ; and if an exaggerated zeal for the public good at first caused a few aberrations, they soon disappeared at the firm and paternal voice of Government. The elections for Deputies to Parliament, that infallible thermometer of public opinion, would alone suffice to prove that the nation is animated with one single sentiment—that of its own welfare. Men distin guished for their virtues, services, and talents, have been chosen, from one end of the kingdom to the other, to represent the nation. No disparity of opinion was displayed in there selections. The best citizens obtained the preference. Is there still wanting an incontestable argument that it was not a sect which operated our political reform ? Those who were the foremost to cry out for a new system—those, in short, whom report had proclaimed as the promoters of our political change—were not elected. Can it be be. lieved that if a sect had brought about this change, as it is insinuated, that sect would not have insisted that its Chiefs should figure among the Representa tives of the Nation? A still stronger argument against the opinion endeavoured to be inculcated on Europe, that the Government is here at the mercy of a faction, we will bring forward from the great example of moderation and long amity which we have given to civilized nations, by permitting the Austrian Legation and Consulship to exercise freely their functions in this country, whilst at the same time our Ambassador was obliged to stop at Klagen furth, and our Consul was dismissed from Milan without the slightest ceremony, and on the inter ference of the Police. Had the Government been less strong in itself—had it been ruled by a faction, whose passions are always impetuous—would it have been able to restrain the effects of the national pride, justly irritated at such a treatment ? " As to the defects imputed by the Austrian Mi nister to the Spanish Constitution, we will in the first place observe, that no foreign Power has the' right to call either good or bad that system which an independent Sovereign has thought proper to adopt for his own States. But if one wishes to judge of the stability of Governments by the institutions which direct them, it is certainly no longer a pro-. blem in this age whether this stability can be more easily obtained by au arbitrary or Constitutional sys tem. The Charter of Spain may have its defects undoubtedly, but its principles bear the stamp of reason and of all the virtues. The Nation, more over, has too great an interest to perfect its institu tions, not to apply its attention to the modifications which it may suppose convenient to adapt to its wants the new system by which it is governed, inas much as the act of the King's Proclamation left to the National Parliament the right of proposing any such modifications. The Cabinet of Vienna may refit therefore secure on this point ; for we have it greatly at heart to give to our system all the stabi lity susceptible in the undertakings of men, con vinced that the first merit of a Constitutional Go vernment is that of fortif) ing the Sta.e against the Commotions occasioned through despotism or licen tiousness; and the wisdom of men commendable for their qualities, whom the Nation has cho en for their Representatives, seconded, moreover, by the recti tude and paternal sentiments of the King, is a sure guarantee of the fulfilment of what we have here advanced. " Having plainly demonstrated how perfectly un founded and unjust are the wrongs imputed to us, we will enter into the discussion of the last argument which the Austrian Minister might oppose, although until now it has not been brought forward. " There exists in the Treaty signed at Vienna on the 12th of June, 1815, between the Courts of the Two Siciiies and Austria, a separate article in these terms : " The engagements entered upon in this Treaty by their Ma jesties, to sectnte the internal peace of Italy, imposing on them an obligation to preserve their States and respective subjects from fresh re-actions and from the danger of imprudent inno- , vations, which might be the forerunners of them, it is under stood by the high contracting Powers, that his Majesty the King of the Two Sicilles, in re-establishing the Government of the kingdom, will not admit any changes irreconcileable either with ancient monarchical institutions, or with the principles adopted by his Imperial and Apostolic Majesty, for the interior Government of his Italian Provinces.' " The vague and ambiguous phrases of this ar ticle require an explanation. It is well known that in diplomacy the literal sense of Treaties is the only one that is relied on. The King, having conformed to the understanding of the said article at the time of the restoration of the Goveinment of Naples, has fulfilled his promise. And it is worth remarking here, that the question rested on a mete understand ing, and not on a condition or any obligatory en- Igagement for an indefinite time. " Upon what foundation, therefore, can Austria impute as wrong to the King his having yielded to the unanimous wish of his people, who demanded the Spanish Constitution? However, admitting it even as an hypothesis, that the above-cited article was obli gatory for ever, it must be proved, in order to re claim against its infraction, that the change operated in the form of our Government is in opposition with monarchical institutions. We might, on the contrary, maintain that institutions consolidate Thrones, since they resider the persons of Sovereigns inviolable, and guarantee the legitimacy of their rights : but the question does not here turn on the discussion of theories. The point to be proved is—and we think we have sufficiently proved it-i-that Austria cannot reasonably take advantage of a stipulation which re lated to different epochs and circumstances, in order to justify an opposition to our political reform. 66 To what, then, can we attribute the attitude that Austria has taken, and still daily assumes, against us? What can be•the motive for the augmentation, excessive as well as precipitate, of the Austrian troops in Italy? As long as the King imagined that, in taking this step, the Cabinet o! Vienna had in view only the maintenance of the good order and the in terior tranquillity of its Italian States, his Majesty respected the right which every Power has of doing in its own country whatever may appear advisable. But when the Court of Vienna obstinately refuses to enter into any explanation with that of the Two Sici lies, and to receive the representatives and agents of the King—when the Emperor refuses to reply to the confidential letters of his Majesty—when the Aus trian Cabinet circulates notes among the Allied Powers, the Germanic Confederation, and the Italian Governments, against the new order of things esta blished in. Naples—when, in short, the Newspapers of Vienna and Milan officially promulgate sentiments hostile to us, which a self-respecting Government should never authorise, the King would be wanting to the sentiment of his own dignity—to what he owes to the brave and generous nation whose destinies have been confided to him by PROVIDENCE-if he shewed himself indifferent to so inconceivable a con duct on the part of a friendly and allied Government. •• In consequence, his Majesty has ordered the undersigned to address himself to his Highness Prince Metternich, to require a positive and categorical ex planation respecting the intention of these extraor dinary armaments, and respecting the attitude that Austria has assumed towards the Neapolitan Govern ment ; an attitude as contrary to the bonds and sen timents of friendship exiting between the two Courts as it is at variance with the principles of fraternity and disinterestedness which the Allied Sovereigns have proclaimed in presence of the whole world. _ _ " The King, who has received so many proofs of cordiality and attachment from his Majesty the Em peror, his august nephew and son-in-law, doubts not but the explanatory information contained in this note, by dissipating the sinister impressions which malevolence or the individual passions of some enemy to the repose of Europe May have inspired in him, will cause him to renounce every hostile project against a nation which has closely admired his great virtues; for, certainly, if any circumstance could tarnish the splendour-of those virtues, it would be the aggression which Austria might meditate against the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Posterity would scarcely give credit to such an injustice—an outrage so hostile to the rights of nations, and the more odious as the same power which would render itself guilty of such a crime never opposed the smallest States of Germany in framing Constitutions to themselves, and tonic no step, at least no public one, towards Spain, whose example we followed. To other motives, therefore, must be attributed the war that Austria would undertake against a OA cific nation, solely occupied with its own welfiire, and anxious to maintain the best understanding with every foreign Power, and to cement the particular relations existing between the Courts of Naples and Vienna. The high opinion which his Majesty the Kin has of the individual qualities of his Majesty the Empernr of Austria, is to him a guarantee of the justice and wisdom that will preside at his delibera tions ; and he believes that he is not mistaken in thinking that, at no distant period, the Austrian Go-' vernment will shake off its prejudices against us, and that tne bonds of friendship which formerly united the two States will be again cemented for the reci procal advantage of both nations. But if, unfortu nately, this hope should not he realised, the King and the whole Nation being determined to defend, to the last extremity, the independence of the Kingdom and Constitution, which is the palladium of our rights, and the firmest support of legitimate monarchy—are ready to bury themselves under the ruins of their country, sooner than submit to a foreign yoke. The example of the heroic resistance of the Spaniards to the despotism of Napoleon, would encourage us ; and it the reports which the Cabinet of Vienna re ceives from Naples are founded on truth, it will not suppose what we here advance to be exaggerated. " The undersigned, therefore, begs of his Highness Prince Nletternich to lay this note before his Imperial wad Roman Apostolic Majesty, and to give it an early and precise answer, in order that we may know how to appreciate the intentions of the Court of Vienna. (Signed) " The Secretary of State, Minister for Foreign Affairs, " The DUKE of CAMPO CHIAKA." WEST-INDIES. By the Jamaica packet, Papers were received to the 10th ult. The following letter appears as the answer to the proposal of the Governor of Carthagena to the Patriots to enter into a negotiation for peace : 0 Mu Covens:on—On the receipt of your note of this day, his Excellency, burning with just indignation, threw the pen from his hand, and directed me to answer you. " It is the height of madness, and still more ridiculous, to pro pose to the Republic of Columbia its re-union with the Spanish Nation : a Nation detestably governed : a Nation which is the spott of all Europe, owing to its numerous deceptions, and sub- i frequent atrocities. Do you suppose for a moment that the Columbian People have forgotten the numlxr of victories ob tained over the Spanish armies, their glory, their valour, and their gcod fortune, and can they recognize the Spanish Consti tution ? ►ill you dare to sally from the walls of the famed city of Carthagena, in order to take possession of the Columbian Republic, or will you now permit :50,000 soldiers, whc are the terror of your district, to enter it? Reply, if shame permits you. Do you suppose that decayed and corrupt Spain can go vern the modern world ? Do you believe that a nation which has evinced a terrible example of what absurd folly the human spirit is capable of, can promote the happiness of any one part of the universe ? - 01 Know then, Governor, that the Columbian People are re solved not to suffer the stigma of belonging to the Spanish Na tion. They are determined to contend, and that for ages yet to come, against the miserable Royalists, and every one who shall take part in the cause of Spain. The Columbian. would prefer destruction to becoming Spaniards. This is what I hate the ho sour to communicate to you from his Excellency the Übertador. (Signed) " T. 0. PEREZ, Adj. Gen. " Head-quarters, at Turbaco, August 23." Instructions have been issued by the Governor of Jamaica, under the direction of the English Go vernment, not to permit, in future, any vessels ar riving in the harbours of the island to land any na tives 'of the United Kingdom,. who have be, in the service of the contending parties in South America, excepting under such particular circum stances as may appear to his Grace to justify a departure from that rule ; and it has been further directed to confine the relief and assistance to be afforded to such persons, to the supplies of water and provisions necessary to enable the vessel they may ar . rive in to reach in safety some port of Great Britain. THE EVENING STAR. LONDON. 111` LAST AND ONLY DAY, TO-MORROW TWo TWENTY THOUSANDS AND EVERY OTHER CA. PITAL MUST BB DRAWN—ALL IN THRI.L HOURS—ONLY 1,700 NUMBERS. MONDAY, NOVEMBER ft, 1320. THE FeNIA PRICK OF STOCKS TaIS DAY At ONE &CLOCK : Bank Stock 219% 3 per Cent. Reduced-683/4 3 per Cent. Cons. 69% % 3 / 4 44 Si per Cent. 77 1 / 2 :,er Cent. 36% V i .5 per Cent. Navy 105 3 / 4 Ys % Long Annuities 17% 13-16 India Bonds 235, 255. pre. Exchequer Bills 2,. ls. 3s. pre Omnium 1 / 4 dis.—Ctins, for Acct. 69 1 4 Va. At a late hour last night, a Mail arrived J . :: nt Flanders, with Brussels Papers to the 25th instazt, from which the following are extracts : VIENNA, NOVEMBER is. I. Though our Court has published nothing offie;rl on its relations with the Kingdom of the Two lies, it is generally considered as certain, that Aus tria, in concert with its allies, Russia and Piussia, will occupy the Kingdom of Naples with mafitey force, no immediate co-operation is ex i ected oe England in this measure; howe er, there will be an ' English squadron of observation in the Gulf of Na ples, to guarantee, in case of need, the safety of the Royal Family, Some persons think, that if the Aus. trian army advances against Naples, there will be a ' 1 counter-revolution there in favour of the ancient sys. tern; at any rate, important events may be expected in the course of the *inter. The political situation of the South of Italy is the principal subject on which the Ministers of the great Powers now assembled at Troppau are del:berating. Are Russia and Austria agreed respecting ants pro ject with regard to Naples? This is what it is im possible to know, it is only known positively that the Emperor Alexander has dispatched o. e of his Adj. tants General, Count Worunzow, to Turin, on a mission to his Majesty the King of Sardinia. The Count proceeded on his mission without delay. There is a report of a new Noce presented to the Sovereigns by the Ambassador of Great Britain and by the Ambassador of another rower, relative to the affairs of Naples, and the contents of which are stated to have given rise to a long discussion. Prince Metter. nich has had several private conferences with Prince Hardenberg. It is reported that a dispatch of the highest im portance has been delivered by order of the Emperer to Baron Handel, Minister from the Grand Duke of Hesse Darmstadt to our Court, and that the latter immediately sent it by an Extraordinary Courier to his Sovereign. The match of troops to Italy continues, and a large train of field artillery, with a great quantity of am munition, is likewise going to. be sent thither. All these measures seem to indicate that the invasion of the kingdom of Naples is decided upon. The Note of the Neapolitan Minister of Foreign Affairs to our Government has created a great sensation here as soon as it was known. BRUSSELS, NOVEIIBER n. We learn that the Committee of sixteen Members, appointed by his Majesty's Decree of the 23d of Ja nuary, to revive the Tariff of the Duties of Customs and Excise, has terminated its important labours. Madrid Papers arrived last night to the 13th inst. It appears from them, that in the evening of the 9th ult. the day on which the Sessi oa of the Cones ter minated, there was a general illumination in the ca pital, to testify the public sense of the patriotic set. vices of that Assembly. Several of the Deputies were treated with serenades, and all the streets re sounded with patriotic songs. Furthers particulars are given of the counter-revolutionary plot of D. Gregorio Morales, and the circumstances which led to its detection and defeat. The King had com pletely recovered from his late indisposition: he was st:11 at the Escurial. The yellow fever was rapidly declining at Cadiz, but raged with unabated malig nity at Xeres. A Mail arrived on Saturday night from Lisbon, with papers and letters to the 13th inst. inclusive. On the 11th that capital was thrown into a state of con siderable alarm, by the soldiers having been paraded in the public places, with loaded muskets and artil• lery. Various rumours of an unpleasant nature were immediately spread, and, among others, it was ay . serted, that this movement was connected with a plot to turn out six of the Provisional Junta, and to intro• duce a Military Government. All these feats atLI reports, however, proved unfounded. The troops were turned out for the purpose only of taking an oath of fidelity to the Spanish Constitution, which has been adopted in Portugal, and after having gene through that ceremony, they marched quietly back to their quarters. Extract of a Letter from Lisbon, dated Oct. lft " The Packet was detained in consequence of some differences which had atisea among the Iklemberl of the Supreme Government. These difference* caused a great sensation here. The Manifest ccu- yokin not m Goie icene drawl of di that Milk; to m: thing will some man) turd Sit from the troof seen gieri 205. unle! trim of th Titan recoi T 1 arriv 'show anirn Vier. t‘ltic conti respc Coui ibr t imm Pala reinf Atm Bar( a se, 'I . 76f anti' mate Inc Fri