Star. — London, England, 1813-11-22 00:00:00

TI gr la Pi 1,11 I g: br PI B P i pi IT el t< t p 1 11 Li I. ,h v 1 ci li P I I e t d la t • 3' t I 1 ' i 1 1 t 1 1 . 1 , • i • f I • 1 1 1 1 i 1 : t ) i li . 1 I i i i• 4 i 1 1 i .. 4 it I . t I ! i I t .. tl ' ". find whvigiaisinutuo sitwutit Ar 44, PAPI I 4 French Generili - gre prisoners. A. —,—...... are Generals Regnier and Lauriaton 'AItti,*NOV4MBER 11. tour Manbotarg had ono of his feet . ap eti,ito v amtl and yet Naleon • forted him to .:y ? held at ten o ' clock in the (nor . consequence tylitifetif he died not Admfaistratlgicir War, to Which Three other new Generals have Ike d 4 Fair, mister at War; ampntated. The Crovie Prince' s Ministe rilittne isf. the Adisitila-: -isedfouad 1 3 6. cannon. The fos s and qoant 8161 Minister' of the arrpy is Considerable,- but certainly competition pith the total destrucipart - of . State, wt... whole force. The Swedish army has s' audience , a Master and Is. least, loss. The number of baggage and ammunition • • I by the ()rata Master of Clett!n►, ales, and •eaentecl waggons taker} are calctflated at IA00 ! We have at by his Serene Highness the Prin - ierriMbireell_ , or t,,elpsic p,®o French soldiers, sick and wounded,' 1 thc .. EmPlIC • N i n maima*- for some sides which 30,000 have been taken prisoners. A I time IL at number of run carriages•have been found; be: Ldes those already ' 'mentioned, and 30,060 tnuskets' its n lere. with th e . Members of that body. 'Ma aidietice , having term ina ted, the Cobden of State stssembled in ill of Sit tings, and his Majesty:presided over it. packed in chests have fallen into our hands. ' 4t four o'clock the Emperor'held,si Privy Council, at which assisted the Princes, Grand ' - -- IJSTRIA.N MILITARY REPORT. Ministers of the Interior, of IA . ; . " Leipste, betobei to, ists. Chantal, Regnaud de St. Jean d'Angely, Mole; and . , " On the 19th, at day.hreak, the enemy still held the Dukes of Conegliano and Viceuze. in force Zwey Naundorf, and the windmill in front , Nov. 13.—Yesterday the Prince Arch-Chancellor of the suburbs towardt ionnewitz. The general at- presided at an extraordinary meeting of the Senate: tack was renewed at seven in the morning, and the The Duke of Castiglione and Baron Michel, corn enemy driven towards Leipsic. Here he sought to mander of the grenadiers of the Imperial Guard, ar,, gain time to Withdraw his troops, artillery, and bag. rived at Paris some days ago. gage ; for which purpose he sent a flag of truce, pro- Nov. 14. —His Excellency Copra Darn, Minister posing to deliver up the rest of the Saxon troops, on Secretary for State, arrived the evening before last at sronditiim that Leipsic should not be attacked, and Paris. thit the French garrison, with all the proPerty of the Letters from Bayonne inform us, that they reckpn army, should be allowed freely to depart. that more than four hundred Spaosh soldiers arrived '' This proposal was rejeCted. The Allies were in Bayonne, in the course of the month. *beady masters of the suburbs : the enemy wished Today, Sunday, November 14, at noon, his Ma , still to continue the defence of the city, into which jesty the Emperor and Icing. being upon his thscale, !the Allies were already pouring their fire. The surrounded by the Princes, Grand Dignitaries, the F Saxon troops, who were in the place, suddenly turned Ministers, Grand Officers, Grind Eagles of the Le their arms against the French; a Baden regiment of M ajesty, of Honour, and - Ocers of Service about his infantry followed the example of the Saxons ; the receiv ed the Senate, who were conducted to affray became universal ; the enemy were thrown thi s ,, audience by i Master and Assistant of ceremo imp the greatest confusion ; every individual-thought nies, introduced by his Excellency the Grand Master, only of hit own escape, and the Allies were masters and presented by his Serene Highness the Prince Vice of the Grand Elector ; his Excellency the Count de Lace- After enumerating the trophies of these signalvic, pede, President, spoke in these terms : .. tories, the Report proceeds as follows; —'- I " Slap—The thoughts of the Senate have con " Prince Poniatowski, who on the 16th had been starkly accompanied your Majesty, in the midst of appointed a French Marshal, when he found that he the memorable events of this campaign ; k had shud could eat escape by the bridge over the Elster,endea- dered at the dangers which your Majesty ran. The voured to cross the river on horseback; and, accord- efforts of the enemies of France have in vain been se king to the account of-one of his Adjutants made pri. conded by the defection of our allies, by treasons on toner, was drowned in the attempt. exampled, hy extraordinary events, and by fatal ac " This evening eight Polish infantry regiments cident—your Majesty has surmounted them all—yop have abandoned the enemy's standards, and come hive fought for peace. Before the resumption of over to the Allies. hostilities, your Majesty offered the assembling of is P The field•of battle, three miles in length and as Congress, to whith all the rowers, even the most in many in breadth, or which there has been nearly significant ones, shmild be called, to coli?iliate all Ithree full days fighting for the independence of Ger- differences, and lay down the basis ..t a 1 1 Piace bO.fl many and the repose of Europe, is so thickly bey noura bi e to a ll nation s . Your enerr, It, Site, eipi l , 1 spread with the dead bodies of ti; enemy, that the pose d t h emse l ves to The assembling of !; i ii Cottobse loss of the French army at all points s' -be corn- : It IS W ' them tflat the whole blame of ti , e War Mit . .r' ft' ;his-General, who, with his troops, had displayed great valour in carrying . the village pf Shonfeld, found it necessary to support General' Count De St. Priest, who had no artillery. Twenty Swedish pieces, inder the order of General Cardell, arrived at fail gallop ; the point Sivas secured, and the enemy, by a brisk and continued fire, was compelled re make a precipitate retreat. f' Night now coxpipg.on, the army bimacked. • te General% Suchtelen f Ste Wart, Vincent, )10;a041, Borgo, and- f t .rosornark. were, for several hoers, qt• posed to the hottest fire. The 'first had a horse wider him. ,• . ' At five o'clock *the mexi'mannagt the fliletit having retired tromAratitteridorfr vinteitha suburbs of Leipsic, the Prince Royal ordered General B,ulOw to carry the city. , The latter.. directed the l i rinee of Hesse Hombourg to make the ;attack ;- 7 the s division pf General Borstell was intendedto support it. The gate was protected by-a pallisatfe, and the walls were 3oophole - d ; notwithstanding which mg troops foreed their way intolhe streets, when the Prince of Hesse Hombourg 'was wounded by a ball. Ihe enemy hiving occupied all the houses, the conflict became very violent, and remained undecided for some time. . reinforcement of sit Swedish battalions which had come up, with a battery, rendered essential service. Major Doltelen . was is'a great loss to the army. The SWedish artillery was directed by Major Edenhelm, Who . was severely wounded. General Borstell took the command in the place of the Prince of Hesse Horribourg t he arrived with fresh'tro9ps. the city was rp;intatried—and such of the enemy as did not surrender were put to the sword. Five battalions of Russian chasseurs of the ad, vanced guard Of General Wo/onzoff, hd in the mean time ad - vinced to the stipport of the 'Prussian and SwediSh . trOiTs, in the itlack of the city 'the 14th regiMent of chasseurs; lid by Colonel Krasokeski, car ried the gate called .D.is Grimmische Thor, and took several guns. General Baron Aldercreuta was at every . ppint where the danger was greatest, inspiring the troops by his valourous example. As the enemy was obliged to make his retreat by the defiles of 'Pleisse, the baggage, cannon, and troops, preised pell-mell _ through the narrow passes, which remained open to them, and which were soon chpaked up by this general disorder. None thoitght but of making their own escape. 'the 'advanced guards of the army of Silesia, and of Bennigsen, en tered almost . at the same time through the tither gates• pt the city. Ithe.- Emperors of Austria and Russia, and the King of Prussia, and the Prince met in 'Leipsic atter tpiabrilliant victory, IS The rem Of the battles of Leipsic are im mense and' diiiwe. Already, on the day cf the kith, the Eptperni Napoleon had begun to put his army in retreat t y the roadsof Lutzen,and Weissen ! fels. He . .. . I tr meow who and in - Awistani, uced of Ceram& Uig of - Ww - taPeillhe • As. is did not quit thie place in person until ten •--- _ - J,iy . _ IKon, . puted at 40,000 men, at the lowest. The total loss I' I • per o'clock in the morning of the lOth. Findieg that a *I . hour Majesty, who knows been than any of the Allies, in killed and wounded, may be esti, - tire of musketry' had already commenced at the Ran a son the . wants and the sentiments of your subjects, mated, at the highest, at 10,000 men. stidigate, towards Lumen, he was obliged 'to . depart ' knows that we desire peace. • - - The three Allied Monarchs were, during the deci. by die Nee gate. The allied armies had taken 15 " However, all the nations on the Contlnent have sive battle of yesterday, on the heights between Wa- ' a notwith- Generals, and - ampngat them Generals R.egnier and still greater occalion for it than we and if, chau and Probsthayda, the eye witnesses of the ex lauriston, commanding corps d'atmee. Prince re : standing the wish and the Interest o f mitliont of .l • - ... pass the . traordinary valour of their troops. nitowski was drowned,- it attempting to, ' souls, our enemies, refusing to treat, shetild wishi l l • "His Imperial Majesty himself invested, on Ine Ester. The corpse of General potmourestier,tbiirby impoting conditions, to prescribe to us a sort of field of - battle, F i e ld Marshal the Prince of Schwart of' the Staff of the 1I th corps, was found in the rivet, •capitulation, their fallacinus ho pe e will be rendered P o Feilberg, .Commander in Chief, wi t hthegreat cros s a bortive . sFrenchmen and more than 1000 men were drowned in it , will spew, by their devotion sf , The Duke of Bassane escaped on fcot. Marshal the order of Maria Theresa ; his Majesty the Em- • • of peror of Russia was also pleased to confer upon - his Ney is sup'pased to have been wounded. More than qnderstood its duties towards Vie Country, Honbur, Highness the order . of Bt. George, first class ; and 250 pieces of eae, eon, 900 caispns, and above 1.5,000 and the Sovereign." • his Ma jest the Kan of Prus a the order of he , prisoners, 'have fallen into the hands of the Allies, - y • . g si a t i His MAJZSTY repUed : Black Eagle. besides' several eagles and colours. The tnemy has I 44 S stiTA To as —I accept the sentiments which you ex. • ab t andoned here more than 23,000 Sick" and wounded, . Upon • I , the Cameral of cavalry, Blucher, who, b y press towards the. • the wisdom and energy he had displayed in the most with the whole of the Hospital establishment. t 41 A year only has elapsed since all Europe was difficult operations during the course of the cam " The total loss of the French army must amount with us—now all Europe is marching against us. It paign, had contributed so much to the glorious results to near 60,000 men. According to every calculation, is because the opinion of the world is formed by of these battles, his Imperial Majesty was pleased to the Emperor Napoleon has been able to save froin the France, or by nglancl. We should therefore have confer the Grand Cross of the Order of Maria The. general disaster hot more than '75 to 80 , 000 men.— every thing to dread without the energy and the power resa ; and upon General Gneisenau, the quarter of the Allied at Mies are i motion to pursue him, of the nation. P ... . • Master-General of that Officer the Cross of C ommas - ' 1 o Posterity shall say, that if great and critical eir end every moment are brought in pnsonefs, baggage, dofthe de` and artillery. The German and Polish troops desertcumstances presented themselves, they were not above The combined Army is in motion topursue from the standards in crowds • and every thing an- 1 " the enemy. " nounces, t!raf the Liberty of crowds; has been cog-. • On the same day M. Crauford, Minister Plenipo- BERLIN, OCT. 25. Tiered at Leipsic, - We have just received the following Official Ac- tentiary and Enyof Extraordinary from the United ali is inconceivable how a man, who commanded ' : Scat% of America, had the honour of being admitted mints from th• Army : in thirty pitched battles, and who had etaltedhime-lf : i The corp s of Generals Von Lan ro ge n and Von to an audience, and presented to his Majesty his by 'military Military glory, in appropriating to himself that of • Sacken pas sed the night o f the 10th Sk d' dntials ; aftkr the audience his Majesty hehi a coun all-the old French Generals, should have been cepa, and that f Gel) . Von Yor ck h allo . inst.a theeu ittizl, cii of conuce. Their Majesties afterwards went ble of conceetrating his army in so unf tvourable a General IV) iits h.koff at hd d On E2lO ' to pay a visit to her Serene Highness, Madame, who position as that in which he had placed it. The hd as forward cI L who a pas c se the . ster, is slightly indisposed, and from thence proceeded to P s e General to utzen i and made 200 prisoners. Eltter and the Pleisse in his rear, a mars h y groundthe Palace of Sr. Cloud. above cor p s d'armee • to iriverse,• and 'only a single bridge for the passage to oniarch Von ftom Blucher skd ca t us the L eu ta to utze e, the .bridges this hes brought dispatches from Marshal Sc , Cyr, with of 100,000 men and 3000 baggage waggons —every I,eipsic not being yet quite completed , During one asks, is this the great Captain' who figs liithe tct • -- the following intelligence , . T time General Von Yorck had marched from Helle to made Europe tremble ?" " On the 12th October the enemy attacked the vil. . e Mucheln, and caused the enemy, who had passed the !age of Plauen • he was repulsed, and the French RU PSSIAN BULLETIN. wale near Weissenfels, to be pursued by his cavalry — I troops remained masters of the field of battle. Thit . . e Leipzig, October 20. and flying artillery, which kept up a brisk fire on him. . combat was but of trifling importance. la Yesterday, at eight o'clock, the Crown Prince I The enemy retired into the vicinity of Frieburg. ' " The 17th, Marshal St. Cyr having learned that with his whole army advanced against Leipzig, where On the 21st, at day-break, the corps d'armees of .-. eieneral Bennigsen had quitted the camp, leaving the enemy received us with . a very warm reception of Generals Von Langeron and Sackers • were in this G eneral Tolstoi with only 15,000 men, marched ne e lhbou hood of Weissenfel • • cennen balls and grenades, Item a battery which he . r s . , the enemy immed i. against the Russian • atm, attacked, routed, and took . hscl preserved for the purpose of preventing a too vi- 4, y burnt the bridge, and retired on Frieburg. Ge t 1 - 1 . , . om it 20 pieces- of artillery, 8000 prisoners, and porous pursuit. This wad, however, sopa silenceil.--.- neral Von Blucher immediately threw a baidge across . drove the remainder Prime dam ter rein to the fror• About an hour Before the city was totally evacuated, the Scale, and both col ps passed that river. , tiers of Bohemia. All that corps would have been the Crown Prince was informed, by the Emperor of General Von Yorck had in the mean time marched ta ken if we had had more cavalry, but Marshal St.Cyr Russia, that tie King of Saxony, who wan in Lei p- to Querforth, to prevent the enemy from extending had 1 1 500 fort ~ horse. A part of his force occupied zit, had, by a fl 4g of truce, surrendered i'ai discretlon,' his left wing, and march in several columns. In this the o f 4onnepstein, and were in communication and had only requested that the inhabitants and their I .,he fully succeeded. He .attacked the enemy, near with him. property might he spared ; and that his Majesty Freiburg, and alter a very lively engagement of in- "General Klenau gnd a corps of General Chaste. Emperor of Russia had returned for answer, e That fintry, pig, him to fl ight, with a loss to the enemy of tar had marched upon Dresden • they were upon the the King of Saxony might make himself easy con _ 1200 prisoners, 18 pieces of artillery, and a great left batik ofthe Elbe , - • cerning the City of Leipzic and its inhabitants, but number,of ammunition-waggons. 4t three o'clock , " Marshal St. Cyr had caused the castle of Meissen that in his own person his Imperial Majesty cowl in the morning, the enemy lef; the town. It is im- , be to demolished , after having:withdrawn the garri only see an hostile minded Piince." •• . 1 ' possible to describe the confusion that reigned before s on. The fo ragers every day went to df His Royal Highness the Crown Prince wet at I the town. Here lay cannoo, there ammunition and • the distance of three ,i or four leagues from the place, the same time i n lotnied that the Emperor I,lapoleon i baggage-waggons, and other carriages overthrown I . There were ten days provisions in reserve, and had,' in the true style of a I ratector of th e Rnegisli . among each other , to the very banksht the Unstrutt. ' t hey , were preparing to march unit Magdeburg. Cunfederatioli, sent word to the unfo , rtunateAtigastus, Ou r ar my then crossed the U nstr u tt over thr e e Count de Lobou, - Cc not Dumas, Count Doros " that he must make the best terms he ceeld with the bridges between Freiburg and Laucha, and is now in 1 n et, and all the other Generals, were well. They Allies, for he could 'give him no assitatice." It fur- the tamer principality of Erfurth, to the capitel town : only Lost in the battle of the 17th 150 men. The tier stated th.tt upon the Allies entering the place, of which; the whole ef the enemy's still remaining enemy had not from that side any bridge oyes the both the Emperors refused to 'see the Saxon sing, forces had retreated, on account of general Von Elbe." .' • and the * Emperor Alexander scut a message that he Yorck's having preeented his marchieg in separate - I PAIT, NOVEMBER 15. cot.ld not possibly z..pe.? . k with hini, as he 1;44 already I Columns. Colonel went Henkel has fortunately re- -- - . Prins; On Sunday the 14th November, after grass, her .- •; 71 once before infieited his loid t!) him ; and that lie .could now'only Consider him'as II captive Prince. It is, however, ulleged;tlmt the taitlish Crown Prince received a visit ironi'hini.—[Here Inflows ati account gie Emperors of Austria and Russia, the Xing of Prussia, and the Crown Prince of Sweden, entering by the ditierent pin s meeting in the glarket-place, leased a number of .tan, Russian, and Austrian Officers, and 44/00 private soldiers, who had fallen into thf enemy's hands, and mace the !gong escort which conducted them prisoners. The' Heitman Platoff, with a large hody of Cos;aciu, had taken the road to NauMberg, to intercept the enemy in his retreat, and Gsneral Von YorcVs corp's was in pur suit o#-him by the way of Halle. Majesty the Empress, being in her apartments of the Thuilleries, surrounded by her Cidies and Officers in her service, gave an audience to the . M►nister -t War, who presented to her tO stand . of colours taken from the enemy in the battles of Wachau, Leipsic, and Wily ! .~,ach• flag *as carried by an Officei. The bli.nistek and these Officers were conducted to this an- .* ions.j—fritwenty-sis thlhead r of them ton ; General Lau : • . . PAR II Feet taken oft. - **; leave the ►i - H • to.dai ); far from 'Wit • • ncil of A e this day hvilittba the Dui army has taken , de Gessaro Mi sa of the combine tration for War.; as ilk cannot be pat'in Imperial Treasury. :cam of, Napoleon's the Council of Sup ty has sustained the audience by R. Masts •.• oh• Armful• Malebb thence' by a Master of fieremonies, and presented to the Empress by the Duchess of Montebello, l i atly sif Honour to her Majesty. In presenting to her Ms jestyt _his Excellency the Minister at War said MADAME-1 present to your Majesty the colours taken ;t the battles of Wichau, Leipaic, and Hanau, which his Majesty the Emperor sent me from the 6 4 1 4 battle, and ordered me to present to your Majesty," w:th the inhjoined letter. These colours will a to poiterity the valour "r, • - • 44 Treasons without example have plocured to our enemies great adearitages ;Alley are for them . .vithrt glory; they cannot support Ahem by Similar trophies. May I be permitted, Madame, to congratulate myself on this honourable mission ?" Her Majesty replied -41 MONSIEUR THE MINISTER AT W4...1 am molted With this new proof of remembrance, arid with die sentiments of my august husband. di All that he can do for me merit of him, by my ttnboOnded attachment to him and to France. Place, on my part, these trophies in the Church of Invalides, that these braiT men may are in them a proof of the interest which I have for them ; I know all the claims which they have to my protection." IMPERIAL. DECREI' . gETRAFT 11104 KINUTES Or VIC SIVIISTART Cr STATr. " Niue of Sr. Cloud, November 1, 1813. fl Napoleon, Emperor of the French, King of Italy. Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, Me diator of the Swiss Confederation, 8;c. " Upon the report of our Minister of Finances, considering she urgency of circumstances, our Coun cil of State agreeing, we have dectee4 and do decree • as follows : " Art. 1. There shall be collected 30 Centimes additional to the contribution on door!, windows and patents of 1813. The said Centimes shall be payable by thirds, in the departments of the months of No veinber and December, 1813, and l in .14-4pary; fBl'+. " 2. The personal contribution, and the part of the contribution nn property, which is collected by classes, shall be doubled for the year 1813 i• the ad ditional impost shall be levied at.the period filed b; the preceding weft& 44p 3. The g allowance on account of preceptors, and those of receivers upon the abnie.reentioned ektraor. dinary contributions, shall only be imposed at this rater for preceptors a quarter, and for receiver the, half of the rate fixed, as the tax on the principal, 64 4. Reckoning from this day, there shall be col. leeted two new deeitues, by kelogramms, on salt, and ten centimes in addition, as well as.in respect to the receipts of administration of taxes collected, cot sub ject to the sear tenth ; as to •the Tarils •of Octroi, others than those of agreement and assessment. 46 5. The additional duty upon salt shall be collec "tied upon salt remaining in the warehouses, agreeably to Art. 8 of the law of Bth April, 1806,.antl - to the Imperial Decree of the 1 Ith June following. " 6. Ncitwithssendhig the dispositions 'of the pre. ceding Article, the Administration for Salt lieyond ' the Alps Oran not sell salt above 60 oentispes the kelogramme (6 sols the lb.) " 7. The dispositions of the present Decree dull not be applicable, except in what relates to the tax upon salt, to the Departments of the Mouths of the Meuse, of the Months of the Yssel, of the Ufpri Ys • set, of rese, of Western Ems, of Eastern Erns, and of the Zuyder Zee, on account of tha txtractrifinaq charges whick they support. ••• ' 44 8. 01;r Ministers are charged, each as far as Concerns him, with the execution of the present De cree, which shall be inserted in the Bulletin of Ljws: (Signed) " NAPOLON. 64 The Minister Secretary of State ad int erim, • (SignO) " Duke of CanuaF." Nov.-16.—The Senate yesterd ty assembled Er 44ordinarily under the Ptesidency of his Highness tl* Prince Arch-Chancellor of the . Empire. Count Reg naud de St. Jean D'Angley, and Count Ma. Comp sellors of State, were present at the assembly. NOVIMBER 17.—The King of Naples atiived oa the sth instant in his capiial. ' • -:'' (44 the 7th instant le puke of Reggio arrived 4 Bar. The Moisitsur of the nth contains three Motifs a Seatztus Cpandie, which are extremely long; and of which the following is a vet y brief extract The first is for pl a cing 500,000 men at the disposition of the Minister at War, and begins by referring to that Memorable Sitting, in which the Empress pointed out the necessities of /ratite, that France can only be safe by proportioning her efforts to those made to subject her ;—that a: that period the desertion of Bavaria, the desertion of the Saxons were unknown ; .that circumstances had rendered glorious victories barren, that tLe cry of alarm, and for assistance of our children and brothers still in arms, still gloriously fighting on the hankt.; of the Rhine, resounded on the banks of the Seine, the Rhone, the Deubs, the Gironde, the Moselle, and the. Loire, Btc. asks what would the situation of France be, should the enemies who are on her frontiers pone trate into her territisyy, 4ssefts that the meeting o Plenipotentiaries on the part of the Allies was onl) intended to deceive ; refers to the partition of Mani as a warning to France ; appeals to the honour o Frenchmen ; and concludes by saying, that sur rounded by the whole power of the nation, the Eir peror, as moderate as when he granted Austria Peace of Leoben, and Campo. Fortnio, in the hop of signing that of Europe, may wisely prepare Peace by balancing the conditions with justice, and signin, , . it with honour. The second is for the prorogation of the Powers o the Deputies to the Legislative B2dy of the fort series. It begins by proposing that the sDepnties the Legislative Body of the fourth series shall ever cise their functions during the whole of the Sessi . which shall open on the 2cl December nut, assignin as a reason, that circums antes would not admit r ;he delay for replacing th tse going out. The third is, that his Majesty shoUld appoint the Presidentship of the Legislative Body, in place choosing. as heretofore, from among five candidates presented to him by the Legislative Body. Those three projets were adopted. Here follows a Decree, by Art. 1, of which 300,000 conscript,. taken hams the classes of 1811, 12, 13, 11. IWO, 1807, and following rears, and including 1614, .rte placed at the dispc:ation of the Minister at War. Art. 2 states that . 5(4000 men shall be immcchatel: . b levied for active service, and 50,000 more held ie. r r ,• rs. n- es • tes ...