Star. — London, England, 1830-11-17 00:00:00

NOT ZICLUSIVI. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. FRANCE. From the Garage de France of Sunday. " PARIS, Nor. 13. We learn from a quarter nearly official, that notwithstanding the hue and exaggerated reports spread against his Ambassador at Paris, the Emperor Nicholas being apprised by some noble Russians, residing in the capital of France, of the intrigues of the enemies of if. Pouo di Jiorgo, has changed his intention, and has signified to bis Ambassador, that far from blaming his product, and recalling him to Russia, he con firmed him in his post, and depended on his continuing to serve him with the same seal and frankness.—La France Nouvelle. _ _ It is said this evening that Marshal Getard retires, and General Clausel is generally spoken of as his successor. Some persona, however, think that he will be succeeded by General Lamarque, who has had a private audience of his Majesty. The retirement of the Marshal was not from any political cause, but on account of his health. It is well known that Maratha] Gerard has suffered from a wound in the right eye, and that in consequence of that wound the Marshal was seriously ill last year. It seems that the laborious duties which he has had to perform have caused a return of the disorder, and it is to remedy it that he has resolved to quit the post in which the King's confidence had placed him. —From thr. rams. It IN affirmed that Marshal Gerard quits the War Department, in which he will be succeeded by Alarshal !Unison, and Gen. Sehastiant will be appointed to the Department of Foreign Affairs. General Sebastiani would be delighted if he should succeed in getting hold of the piwtekuille, which he has long covetrd. We could not venture to predict his success, and if, unhappily, he should obtain none more remarkable thin' he did at Constantinople, we should have no room to congratulate ourselves on his entering on the foreign dcpartment.—. Ls Patriots. A letter from Constantinople says—The Sultan perseveres in the system he hail adopted. A finnan lately announces that the Greek churches, which have been destroyed during the war in the different pro. vinces of the empire, are to be re-built at the expense of the State. SPAIN. PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE. %mein. Nov. 3.—Now that Ferdinand has got rid, at least for the present, of the menaces of the Constitutionalists and emigrants, he will soon find himself engaged with the Carlists, who, notwithstanda inn; the banishment of their leaders, do not consider themselves con. tittered. The great war-horse is the abolition of the Salique law, and they had good reason in saying that, if the Queen gave birth to a Princess, that would prove an apple of discord. Although the Go. vernment follows the Carlists step by step, and has information of their machinations, the latter have a strong hold In the Royalist volunteers, who are devoted to them even to death. There has been some talk relative to the employment of this militia, but Fee. dinand's ministers have never attempted to proceed In that extremity. l'hey would not have survived a week after such a political stratagem ; thus all the predictions which have been made by sensible men upon their Mrtnation in 1824, have been realized. The ex-tninister Pizarro, who had obtained permission to return to Spain, having arrived upon the fit:milers, and learnt the ascendency of the Apostolicals, made up his mind to go back to Paris. About the time of the last attempt upon the Constitutionalists, several of the old placemen of government, who were travelling in foreign countries for their amusement, have made a sterifice of the pensions which were coming to them from the treasury. Amongst this number was M. Oogenache, who, it Is said, had a pension of 80,000 reals. Although he possesses large estates in France, this mark of partiotism has become the subject of general conversation. The six months dividends of the English Rental, due last October, were regularly paid in London by our bankers, Messrs.llarthes Brothers. It is surprising to see how our Minister of Finance finds means of satis fying all the engagements of the state at so difScult a moment, and when distress is increasing every da Notwithstanding this regularity in pay ments, our public funds are In a state of complete stagnation, and no one dares to speculate in them. The government is displeased at the conduct of Gen. Lander, and have, it is said, deprived him of his can. nand. The complaint against the General la, that he neglected an oppor. tunity of seizing upo n 3I ilia , and of having exp e rienc e d a l oss o f 900 men between killed an wounded, in order to frighten a few hundred rebels. it is even said that he has betrayed the Ruyal cause. This latter assertion is without probability, and the result of the enterprise, on the part of the Constitutionalists, gives the lie to such a report. It is, however , natural for the Spaniards to have th e se suspicions, bearing in mind that Lander was the Aide - de-C a mp and intim ate f r i en d of Lacy, and that it was he who arrested him and delivered him to the executioners; it is, therefore, not to be wondered at, that doubts should arise as to the oon• duct of a man who has broken all the ties of friendship and honour.— Traitors are made use of—are recompeneed—but they should always be despised and never be trusted. Sooner or later they must return to their base inclinations. Without calling to mind the recollection of Bour mont, and other famous traitors of modern times, the example of Van Helen furnishes another proof. It will be recollected that, leaded with the confidence of Marshal Suchet, he took advantage of it, and delivered Lerida and other places into the hands of the Spaniards, and that re cently he sold the Belgians, who had placed him at the bead of their army. P 01117074 Lissom, Oct. 31.—1 t is to be hoped, foe the sake of humanity, that the time approaches for some effective change to be produced in the state of Portugal, as well as the rest of the Peninsula. The heart sic kens with the protracted state of uncertainty in which so many sufferers are seen lingering out an unhappy existence in prison, and a yet greater number known to be in hourly her of similar treatment. The late ap parent rejoicings, so generally displayed and so little felt, on the occa sion of the Arch-gaoler's birth-day, might give, indeed, a momentary pleasure to the unthinking, but could only furnish the reflecting mind with fresh motives of sorrow. What must be the feelings of those who, in fear of worse consequences, were obliged to illuminate their windows, while scarcely a gleam of hope shed its influence within to encourage them with the future prospect of their fathers and brothers liberty? The galley-slave that clanks along the streets of Lisbon, his body loaded with chains, and his soul with 100 murders, enjoys more liberty and better treatment than the imprisoned Constitutionalist. The review in the Royal Park on the morning of the birthday was scarcely worth witnessing. There were about 6,000 or 6,000 troops, horse and foot, on the ground; they fired two or three rounds, marched in open column, received Don Miguel's thanks fur their loyalty, and approbation of their discipline. The King then left the Park for the Palace of Ajuda, amidst the vivas of those about him, but not with a general display of enthusiasm among the people more remotely situated. The assemblage was not great; the number that formed the Drawing' Room was, however, very considerable, and among them several well known for Constitutional principles; the Countess Ficalho was present, and several others who cannot be supposed to be very favourable to the interests of Dun Miguel. He appeared in much better spirits than on St.3licltael's Day. In the evening he did not visit the Opera, but left town fur Quelus. The town was illuminated at night very generally, but with the same' scantiness of lamps, or nearly so, and the same deficiency of oil, in numerous instances, as on St. 3lichaers Day, excepting at the Polite_ ' stations, where greater pains were taken. At one of these there was exhibited a full.kitgth transparency of the King, but it happened, I suppose, by accident, to catch fire, and Don Miguel, with all his royal trappings, was consumed in a minute. The spectators took this pretty quietly, fur nobody thought it worth while to cry, and no one was bold enough to venture a laugh. The illuminations lasted three nights, but were only general the first. Yesterday arrived the Meteor steam-vessel, with a Spanish messenger on board. It is said she came here in consequence of not being able to get into Corunna, or rather because it was thought not safe for the mes senger. A Council of State has since been held ; and it was reported that Donna Isabel Maria.' the late Regent, is to be sent to %lam. Yesterday arrived also a French vessel, the Jumeaux, from Havre. She had on board five or six passengers, male and female, who were all sent prisoners to Belem Castle. Late In the evening some French Officers, belonging to the frigate here, were walking on the taws Seder, and singing the national song, " Les enfans de la Patrie," when the police came up to them, desiring them to desist, and at the sante time presenting their muskets In a threatening attitude..— Upon this the officers drew their swords, and the policemen walked of. There is little news to be depended on from Spain. It is said that a party of Constitutionalists have got possession of Tarifa, a fortress nos Gib raltar. Letters from Cadis, which arrived yesterday, make no men. Lion of disturbances. There are no accounts of importance from the provinces ; Lisbon remains in the same quiet state. Th e recruiting set. Mice is said to be going on actively. Discount on Government paper Is to-day 34. SPIRIT OF Till JOURNALS. TRwrs.—Farewell to the Duke of Wellington's Administration ! If the management of public affairs has been dAallt during his Grace's Prentienthip, the difficulty has resulted more from petty perplexities than great affairs. It has been the swelling of the sea atter the winds had subsided, through which the crew had not strength to navigate the teasel, not the fury of the tempest which tossed her. When the Duke or Wellington made the declaration, to the effect that he was opposed to every species of Parliamentary reform, we saw that his fate was sealed. We do not know that he did not main it. Yet the country seems to have iqrgotten that Mr. Canning made a declaration to the same purport and In Yet stronger terms, and the stability of his Ministry was in no wise affected by the circumstance ! W e w ill not ment i on now who still ad. heed to !inn most pertinaciously, in spite of the offence then given to their prof ess i ons on the subject of reform, lest we should seem to ex. , Pose deserving men to odium ; but Mr. Canning was loved by the People, though slighted by the aristocracy. It is doubtful whether the Duke of Wellington was ever sincerely loved by the people ; and since vie Catholic emancipation, he has been hated by the Tay aristocracy with a Nutmegs equal to its injustice. We pity his Majesty from our, ik ., lrts, and with equal sincerity wish him success in the most difficult task that is inward upon a limited Monarch in a 6,tttative Government, namely, the chok e or nomination Fr; ninon ict.c.--If his Once possess any feeling, the circumstances under which his resignation has become necessary must be to him a sub ject on which he cannot reflect without pain, and we are not, therefore, disposed to dwell at this time on the signal blunders, to say nothing worse of them, by which he has succeeded , in a few weeks, in erasing from the memory of the people of England the gratitude they entertained towards him for accomplishing the great task of the pacification of Ireland, his concession to the Dissenters, and the blow which he struck at monopoly and magisterial tyranny in the beer bill of last session. We were aware of the difficulties with which a man, the most of whose life had been passed in the tented field, had to struggle in assuming the direction of the affairs of this great country; and expecting from him more signal failures than he actually committed, his conduct was for some time an agreeable disap. pointment to us. We were first disgusted with his ministry when we found him embarked with Sir James Scarlett in an irritating crusade against the press. Indeed, from that time a sort of fatality seems to have attended his Ministry. The whole of last session was passed in undoing one day what had been done the day before; and it was uni versally admitted at its close, that without important changes in the composition of the Ministry, it would be impossible to carry on the bits apneas of the country. With a strange inflexibili to the sense of the country, so unequivocally marked, he appeared be fore a new Parliament with the same imbecile crew (imbecile as regards the great majority, for we do not wish to comprehend Sir R. Peel, and one or two others, at most in the censure); arid as if contempt were not enough, unusual pains would seem to have been taken to excite apprehension and distrust by the wording of the speech put into his Majesty's month at the opening of Parliament, and the indignation of the whole people by the ofVensive terms of the Duke's declaration against Reform. That indignation I was only relieved by the sense of humiliation, which the fatuous advice to the King, to refuse to fulfil his promise, to accept of the entertainment provided for his Majesty in the City, on the elle gation of danger ;—humiliation. that the country should be so lowered as it was by an exhibition, which exhibited so conspicuously to all Europe, that the Councils of England were guided by men who could be influenced to disseminate alarm, for the safety of the Metro. polls, and the stability of Government, without the slightest justifi cation. To all who could read the signs of the times, it was obvious that the Ministry could not hold together much longer. Every more. ment of his Grace plunged him only deeper in the mire. He experienced the mortification of perceiving, that these for whose sake he covered himself with obloquy, by his declaration against Reform, either from disgust or want of confidence in his ability to retain office, shrunk t his invitation, and left him to encounter alone the unpopularity he had hazarded. Had his Grace resigned only half a year ago, he would have received credit for higher talents and more wisdom titan he really possessed. As it is, people must either believe that they have been under a singular delusion with regard to him, or that— " From Marlborough's eyes the streams of dotage flow." We cannot take leave of the Puhject of the resignation of ministers without the remark, that the Duke of Wellington owes his fall to no intrigue—to no faction—to no unintelligible dislike to him by the people. Never was there a minister towards whom the country was more patient—for whom greater allowances were made. His fall is the result of a succession of acts, so admirably calculated to ruin him, that no enemy, however ingenious, could have improved upon them, had his' object been to recommend a course for d r i v i ng hi m from office. His fate ought to be a warning to politicians in these times, •that it is above all things dangerous to despise the public. and to volunteer incurring un. necessary obloquy, with a view to gratify a few individuals whose interests are at variance with those of the people ; these men will be the first to abandon him to his fate, when overtaken by the storm of general indig. nation. He who lives in the esteem of a nation may have his path en. dangered by intrigue, and he may be annoyed by faction ; but the appm. bation of the people, founded in a belief of honest intentions toward. them, will prove in all conjunctures a strong tower of defence. By re. nouncing that esteem, he deprives himself of all value even in the eyes of those for whose s ake he injures himself; for who would be incum• bawd with a Minister the object of general odium ? The Duke might at one time have fallen without disgrace; but he now dies and makes no sign. We have good authority for stating, that, after the sudden but not ern. expected resignation of ministers yesterday, arrangements were instantly taken for the formation of a new Cabinet. Earl Grey was sent for, and we have reason to believe that the office of Premier willbe offered to him. Should he accept of it, it is said that Mr. Brougham, the Mar. quis of Lanedown, Lord Althorp, Lord Palmerston, Lord Morpeth, Lord Durham, Lord Holland, Mr. Charles Grant, Mr. Spring Rice, Sir Henry Parnell, Sir James Graham, Mr. Tennyson, and Mr. Hume, will, among others, be invited to take office. THE HalltALD.—it would be Inconsistent In us to express anything lute regret for this event, having felt it our duty, in the independent exercise of our judgment on public affairs, to censure most of their mea sures; in doing so, we predicted some of the consequences uif the policy under which the country at present suffers. There is one individual of the late ministry whose fall in public opinion we regret, and that is the Duke of Wellington—because, In his military career, he rendered the most splendid and memorable services to his country. It is true that he has received most liberal remuneration from a grateful peo- ple, in riches and honours, lavished upon him in honouraole pro. fusion. It is because we wished the laurels which he won on the field of military glory to remain untarnished. that we pec u liarly regret his having err undertaken the task of civil government, for which neither nature nor education had qualified him. It is the more extraordinary that tee should have done so, after having, in his place in Parliament, not long before, evinced an accurate judgment, by pro. nouncing on his own incapacity to guide the helm of the State. The first error he committed was to be tempted to sully a fame which was splendid enough for the ambition of any man, by starting from the honored repose of the successful warrior, into the perilous activity of the Statesman—and the next was his selecting a Cabinet only remarkable for their submissiveness and incapacity. If he retires altogether from the fatigues and responsibility of power, we trust the public odium which the attacks on the liberty of the Press—the neglect of the dis tresses of the people the falsification of the pledges of retrenchment and economy, and other acts of his Government, witether of commis sion or omission, excited against him, will disappear with the circum stances out of which it arose, and that his distinguished name will once more be associated with the respect and admiration of his country . Moixtuo Arivtasisza.—We have to announce the gratifying fact that his Majesty's Ministers have resigned I Titia is the last act of their administration, and, with one exception, it is the best. The country, they may rest assured, is grateful far the kindness. The fact was last night announced in both houses of parliament--in the one by Sir R. Peel, who intiwnied the house that he, and all those who held office with hint in it, had tendered their resignations, which his Illajemy had been graciously pleased to accept : and in the other by the Duke of Wellington, who, however, mentioned the tendering to his Majesty of his own only, and its acceptance. The announcement was received, as a mutter of course, in dead silence, and as a thing which surprised no one. Whether the Lord Chancellor will, or will not resign, remains to be seen. It is generally understood, however, to be more than probable that he will retain his office in the new ad ministration, which will be immediately formed. And now that we are done wilt the Wellington administration, and in the hopes of a better, what claims, let us ask, did it prioress to the confidence of the country, that it should have been permitted to rule it so long ? None, we an. ewer, but the passing of the Catholic Emancipation Bill—a men. sure of no merit when all the circumstances of the times are considered, and at best a trick, which ruined the character of Peel, and destroyed the confidence previously reposed in the Duke of Wellington --and a love of peace which exposed the counttrryy to more insults, and to greater danger of external war, than could paed bly have occurred with a more enlightened and spirited Administration. Russia was permitted during its reign, not only to triumph over Tur key, but even to insult the fleets of England, by one of the grossest breaches of faith on record. Don Miguel even bearded usat our own arms, and as a mark of our gratitude was to be duly recognised ; while, if we look nearer home, we shall find no trace of fineness, but in hosti lity to those who had no means of defence, nor of wisdom, but in abstaining from doing mischief. The financial sagacity of Mr. Goulburn, —in throwing open a trade whieh had been previously overdone, will not readily be (written by the thousands who have suffered from it ; while the friendly fee feeling of dcarlett towards that powerful organ, the Press, which first raised him to eminence, and which has now had the satisfaction of assisting in his overthrow, ought to be recorded on brawn tablets--apt emblems Ohio regard for freedom of discussion, and fit monuments, as we remember Mr. Brougham to have said regarding him, "of a life eacrificed to principle." But we will not triumph over the fallen. We never praised the ex-Iklinisters when they had power—we shall not abuse them now that they are strip ped of all but the shadow of it. In the above observations we have merely recorded our gratitude at their retirement, and our sense of their public services—in another article we shall speak of their successors. THE MORMING POST.—Theeirect of the boasted party triumph over Ministers, obtained by the united (we might say unnatural) efforts of all the dis cordant elements of Opposition, in the Hostas of Com mons, on Monday night, has proved such as was generally and natu rally anticipated. The whole of the Members of the Administration have in consequence resigned ; and the Nation is thus to be deprived (may we be permitted us hope, fora time wily) of the services of a set of honest Statesmen, to whom in better times an unfeigned tribute of national ade would have been renderedo—whose abilities are alike sad acknowledged—whom in. tegrity is inilezible--whese wisdom (with the lamented es. =Oen of one fatal act, and that imposed upon them by thee time- Dente), has forcibly shoes Meth to the at:dd.—and the unparalleled Ministry; and the materials on which the Rcyal will has deeds of whose Chief have spread ma tiefading lustre upon his own now to act are of a nature more chaotic than chaos itself. It is only to fame, and an vernal glory upon the country. How deeply this unfor. look in the columns of a newspaper for the capital letters indicating the tunote evont is ilephir.d by us, we need scarcely express—that its erects chief and 11)0.11 frequent speakers, to see who are named and are t h e can. may not prover fatsl 'n the best interests of the State, is our most ardent didates for office t but, of course, nothing is decided, much less known Payer. 3littecers have fallen, but they have halm with honour, in the yet : we should impose upon our readers were we to attempt to present faithful performance of their duty to their King and country ; and them with even a conjectural list. Some deuot has be e n e xpr e ssed the particular principles, to th e a d v o cac y o f w hi c h t h e y owe without, however , any ground stated, whether the Chancellor retires ; the ir defeat, are precisely those upon which all good and but if be does, he has, on the Regency question, taken leave of the wise Statesmen !give hitherto made their stand, and reso. House of Lords as a Minister, in one of the a blest, the most clear, his. WWI, determined to maintain. They have sought no vulgar ap. torical, and appropriate speeches, that was ever 'uttered within its walls pleuse by meanly and icjutiously departing from the obvious path of state safety ; the public, when the moment of delusion shall have parsed, will do justice to the purby of their motives and render homage to those sound principle/I, a due obfervance of which can alone permanently ensure the salvation of the country. The Duke of Wellington and his colleagues have done themselves honour by retiring as they have done, in consequence of the adverse vote of the House of Commons.— They mieht have struggled on in the toils of office. They might have dragged through another weary session of degrading and unprofitable labour. But they have felt, as every honest British nister must feel, that it was their duty to resign when they could no longer hope to imp .rt a steady impulse to the progress of beneficial le gislation, or to sustain the constitutional influence of the Crown by any othsr than partial, precarious, or equivocal triumphs over Its persevering assailants. The present Ministers will of course remain in office until the appointment of their successors by his Majesty. Upon this subject nothing can have yet been definitively arranged. All that is known for certain is, that Farl Grey has been sent for by the King to form the new Administration, at the head of which his Lordship will himself he placed. It is not however improbable that the principal offices will be thus filled : First Lord of the Treasury Earl Grey. Secretary of State for the Home Departmeut Marq. of Lansdowne. Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs ... Lord Holland. Secretary of State for the %Par and Colonial Department Lord Palmerston. First Lord of the Admiral.y .• ... Duke of Buckingham'. Lord Chancellor • • .. Sir J. Leach. President of the Council Marquis of Camden. Chancellor of the Exchequer Sir H. Parnell. Master tieneral of the Ordnance Marquis of Anglesey. Privy Seal ... Earl of Carlisle. Presid, nt of the Board or Control ... 111 r. Wynn. President of the Board of Trade ... Mr. Grant. Master of the Bolls .. . . .. Mr. Brougham. Secretary at War ••• ... Sir R. Wilson. ItOTUNDAMEETING. The crowd which assembled on Monday night at the Rotunda was of a very mixed kind : 'event) respectable gentlemen were of the company. Mr. Huffy, upon entering the large apartment, was much cheered. He was not, he said, yet in gaol, although some art the newspapers predicted that such a fate was awaiting him. He had told the meeting that spies and informers abounded there ; but he thought they must be very clever if they could detect a secret plot in that place where no secrets could be kept. He knew and had stated, that the expected row of the Bth would be a nine days' wonder, and notwithstandit g the sagacity of the spies and officer', and magistrates, their last meeting concluded with nothing but a subscription foe a poor man whose case was a signal instance of parish oppression. (Cheers and laugh. ter.) But in the present state of things, justice was not to be expected for the majority. They had heard of Mr. 't. John Long, who had been convicted of manslaughter, for having sported with the lite of a fellow creature. The judges, who bad it in their power to punish for that of. fence, with a penalty from Is to transportation for life, thought proper to fine that man, who had been wallowin g in wea l t h derived from nein nous practices of the kind, the sum of 2401. and turned him out upon the public again, where he had not been long when he repeated his °fence by the destruction of another unfortunate victim. (Cries of " Shame, shame.") Now, if by any accident he, Henry Hunt, hap. (Lred to kill a man, would their lordships treat him with similar kindness aughter, and cries of " No, no.") No, no, indeed; there were laws for the rich, and laws for the poor; there was justice for the rich, and no justice for the poor. But what could be expected from men like those who had the sovereign control ? (Hear.) Report had sent him and Mr. O'Connell to the Tower, and also a state-warrant after him. He had calleti upon the Lod Mayor on the subject; his Lordship knew ' nothing about it. He then went to the Secretary of State's office, to in. quire whether they •• wanted" him there. He asked for Sir R. Peel, but was told that that gentleman was not in the way, but that he could see Mr. Phillips, the under-secretary. No, no, he would not have any thing to do with underlings (laughter). A messenger, however, imme. diately afterwards entered, and told him that Sir Robert. who had perceived him from the deco of the Treasury, would see him in a moment. Sir Robert accordingly made his appearance, and they en. teted into conversation. He told Si, Robert, that having heard a re port that a state-warrant bad been issued against him. he celled at the office to save the Secretary the trouble of looking for him, if his person was wanted. (Laughter.) " Oh," said Sir Robert Peel." "it is all an idle story. I never issued any warrant, nor ever bad any idea of such a thing ; and I never beard of any of the kind until a little while ago." He (Mr. Hunt) then m2e ogt some allusion to the Magistrates at Union-hall, upon which Sir Robert observed, " Why, yes, there are a set of belly, intenneddling fellows over the water." (Loud laughter.) Sir R. Peel and he then bad what might be called a " confidential" conversation together (excessive laughter), and it naturally turned to the celebrated hoax in the city. He told Sir Robert he was convinced that the King and Quern would, if they had gone to the gorge in the city, been received by the populace with cheers end blessings, but that they were right not to go under the circumstances, for without doubt the Duke of Wellington would meet with nothing but hooting and execrations. After some allusion to what took place at Union Hal t, and to the subject of the Duke of Wellington's declaration, Mr. Hunt observed a tricoloured flag above his head, and the scene took place which we described in yesterday's paper. He then referred to the fires in Kent, and asked who employed the incendiaries and spies. and who paid fee the inflammatory haud.bills? How happened it that noneof the villains had beendeteeted? They were told that a gentleman or two were to be seen alighting from a poet-chaise wherever a fire was to take place, and in the night on came the fire. Who the devil found the mo. Bey ? (Laughter.) As to the operations of spies and informers, he had been long in the habit of knowing them. He had met Castles and Oliver, and Edwards, and not a day parsed that he did not receive some communication from correspondents of that class, some of when proposed to him to lay siege to the Tower, and some to attack the Bank (laughter ;) and he had the other night an interview with a gentleman with one eye, who introduced himself as a great tactician in fortifications. (Loud laughter.) He would not say by any means that the Government were instrumental to the incendiary movement, which vete striking such terror into all, but he suspected the agents of Government. The object was to frighten all the old women in breeches, and thus to prejudice the cause of ratirm. The old women in breech ra in the city were all radical reformers the other day, when, suddenly, on came a bit of a dirty row, and destroyed all their radical .preulationa. The meeting separated, after some further speeches, without the slightest disposition to tumult or ill humour. ST.ITE olr THE COUNTRr. KENT - Altrri;SEX. HASTINGS, Nov. 18—A sketch of the relative position of the dif. fcrent classes in these counties will show the grounds of my aprae hensions us to the precarious state of 'fairs to which I alluded. i.'he labouring classes have been for some years silently undergoing a mate rial change. Few many reasons. which It would be tedious to recite, the distress which has prevailed throughout the country has pressed unequally upon the agricultural labourers. Amongst the other indus trioun classes, unemployed labour is more readily diffused and adapted to loyal demand. fl ravers and other artisans may migrate from place to place; but agricultural labourers are, and ought to be, unless their character essentially change, in a certain sense, adseripti glebes. This local fixedness, whilst it has inflicted upon the homer a tax for the maintenance of idle paupers hai ens abled him, in this redundancy of labour, to reduce its rate of re. muneration. As every other description of tenantry was interested in the diminution of the poor's-rate, out of which the unemployed labour. era were to be supported, the lattet's allowance was reduced to the lowest poesible scale. A practice, which took its MC. I believe, in the marim facturing districts, of paying labourers partly out of the poor's-rate, was adopted extensively in the counties of B e nt, Sussex, and Surrey, and labourers were regularly hiller d upon farmers at a n:uch a head, the remainder of the wages falling upon the parish. The • fee of this system was to desttoy the principle of conipetition, imperfect as it was, and to deteriorate the character of the peasantry, who recruited the ranks of poachers, m er smuggler., and other sorderly classes. The rule of paying marri e d men, with children, a larger rate of wages than single men, encouraged improvident marriages, and augmented the quantity of labour beyond its former ratio of increase. During the last winter the sufferingsof the poor in these counties were severe. On the other hand, the farmers, with undiminished burdens and re duced profits, would, but for this accidental resource, have been unable to pay their rents, or would have seen their surplus absorbed by their outgoings, if freeholders. Moreover, within the memory of even young men, a material change has operated in the character of the yea. manry CUPS. A Sussex farmer formerly wore a round frock, ate and drank with his men, and brought up his family to the dairy and the plough. Th e roun d f roc k i s now di scar d e d ; t h e farmer's family steps into a higher grade; and his servants, though, in fact, exalted in the scale of intellect by the diltission of education, cease to be eunicierisoks, and ream Mho public. house and tbelkensed retailers Oben, where they discuss their poll. deal grievances. The landholders and clergy sustais a throe of the public burdens; but they do not feel, as each, the escillatiotte produced by high and low markets, or the premiere of occaelsoal distress. They, moreover, add to the lanuabraaess of these below them ; mid, like the taziptheter, seem to take sways ponies of the poises wishes:a= valeta. Whilst the dillknot awes ale thee pined soutuale —whilst political meets abroad prostate a kind of sympathetic undid& don throughout the commualty--whilst artful endeavours me made to poison the mirds of the lower erde•s by false ruggestions against the nobility and the hierarchy—an arreeito a system of devastation, executed possibly by political emissaries, anti perhaps extended by the tempta tions it offers for the perpetration of private revenge, by the mystery belonging to its authors and object, terrifies the farmers and proprietor., and at the sante time encourages the bold and turbulent. This has been the moment chosen by the peasan. try to demand a redress of their grit voices. Divested of its objection able character, as a dangerous precedent, the conduct of the peasantry has been admirable. There is no ground for concluding that there has been any extensive concert amongst them. Each perish, generally spt•akirg. has risen per as ; In many platen their proceedings have been managed with astonishing coolness and regularity there has been little of the ordinary effervescence displayed on similar occasions. The farmers have notice to meet the men ; a depurro:on of two or three of the hitter produce a written statement, well drawn ut,s, which the farmers are required to sign ; the spokesman, son clime, a Dissenting or Methodist teacher, fulfils his of with great propriety and temper. Where disorder has occurred, it hes atisen loin dislike to some obnoxious clergyman, or tithe man, or 3-sistant overseer, who has been trundled out of the parish in a w heelbarrow, or drawn in triumph in a load of ballast by a dozen old women. The farmers universally agreed to the demands they made ; that is, they were tot mad enough to refuse requests which they could not demon strate to be unreasonable in themselves, anti which were urged by 300 or 400 men, after a barn or two had been fired, and each farmer h.ol an incendiary letter addressed to him in his pocket. But such an arrange. rnent cannot last. The farmers, to fulfil their stipulations, must de pend upon their landlords and the clergy enabling them to do so. Will this be done? If not, the farmers are in a serious dilemma. —Letter in the Times, • BucEINHAMSHInt, Nov I6.—We are sorry to state that the towns of High SVycombe and Marlow, and their ♦icinities, have been consi. derably alarmed duting the last thr a or four data, letters with the `• Swing" signature, haring been received by all thirst who have thresh. ing and other machines in their possession, threatening destruction to their corn and property unless they are r moved, and manual labour used in their stead. On the evening of Wednesday last four strange persons were observed perambulating the streets of Wycombe, and on the following running a circular letter ass received by Lord Carrington, who has a four horse power threshing.. machine upon 1)ml/es-hill farm. Mr. James Phelps, Temple tarn; lir..losepli Biddle, Town farm, Mr. Richard Webb, Marlow-bottom, 11 - right, paper-maker, ,Marlow, and all the paper-makers in the ighbotithood of High Wycombe, received similar letters. Ore of the above gentlemen. Mr. Joseph Biddle, immediately caused his machine to be pulled down. 11r. Biddle has an immense quanti•y of grain in stacks, and, unfortttna•ely, th.iy are placed so close to gether, that, in the event of one of the ricks being ignited, no human power could possibly save the whole from destruction. Mr. Phelps. of Temple farm, has followed the examp!e of Mr Iti•ldle. and there 's little doubt but that the rest of the farmers in the neighbourhood, who h: 1e ma. chinery. will follow the same example. Mr. Ploistow. of Loudwater, pa. per-maker, at this moment has a machine erecting, the construction or which will cost him upwards of 2.0001. aid it is repotted that a sus. pension of the work has taken !lace. Within five miles of Wycombe there are not less than three hundr. d men and boys (nap er.makers) out of employ. It is also repotted that Alderman. Venable* has sent down an express to the mills in which he has any in. terest, to remove the machinery instanter. There are few places that have outlived more from the pressure of the times than the immediate neighbourhood of the above towns. and at the sane time they may safely challenge the kingdom to name any place that has undergone the same privations with less murmuring and greater patience: and the poor peasantry may rest assured that. whatever opinion the land. holders may entertain as to who the incendiaries are, or from whence they come, not the slightest stigma falls upon them. On Monday, many who have, for a long period, been out of employment, resumed the flail. On Saturday evening last it was truly gratifying to see a number of females, with tears of joy standing in their eyes. venturing upon the cheering prospects of their husbands being once more employed, and being able to purchase, what they hod for a length of time been strangers to, a piece of meat for their Sunday's r. Early on Monday morning a strong glare of light was observed in the direction of Amershan; and It is much feared that the incendiaries are at work there. NAVAL INTELLIGENCA. Matta Amman Tun Day—Dublin, 1 ; Waterford, 1; Lisbon, 1. The Thais, Faddy of London, from Shields, sunk on Yarmouth Bar yesterday morning. Crew saved. The George, Burn, of Shields, from London, was totally wreck.d near Orford yesterday morning. Crew saved. Arrived at Oporto. the Gratidao. Reis. from Rio Grande ; Campos, Godenho. from Porto Alegre; Cat dine, Hellys r. from Newfoundland; Vintage. Alward, from Cardiff ; Shamrock, Woolsand, from Liver pool; and Piano. Creoell, from Belfast. Arrived at Lisbon, the Maria, Asandtr. from New York ; Bro thers, Mllman. from Dartmouth; Friends, Chapman, from Bristol Metsenger ' Mortimer, from Liverpool ; Jan e , Sc ott . f rom B e lf ast ; and Merchant, Power, from Cork. Arrived at Sc. Übe's, the Venus, from Jersey ; Conceicao, from Londonderry; and Tres Amigos, from Dublin. Dirac, Nov. 14.—A gale from S. to S.S.W. Frye, ear.—Wind S.W. by S. rather mole moderate.— Off Mar. gate, the Batavia, Blair, from Batavia. Posysmourn, Nov. 16.—Wind &S.W. to W.S.W. a heavy gale. Pmeowirn, Nov. 15.—Wmd 8 W. •eryr fresh. n1.1(00174 Nov. 15.—Wind S.W. fresh gale.—Arrived the Cyr rt packet. from Lisbon—sailed 7th 11161. SOINUAKVIeII, Nov. 16 —Arrived the Proeris, Arnold, from Que bec; and George Canning, Payne, from Denia. LIVERPOOL, Nov. 15.—Arrived the Prompt, Donaldson, from Buenos Ayres, and Hope, Robinson, from St. Andrew's. Off the port, the Ann, from Philadelphia. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSR OF LORDIS, Nov. It The Earl of H ARDWICKE presented a petition from Lynn, for a ',peal of the duty on coals boene coastways. The Duke of RICHMOND, in the absence of the Rarl of Winchil. sea, presented a petition from Tenterden, fora reduction of taxes, snd reform in Parliament. Petitions for the abolition of negro slavery, woe pri melted frost seve ral parte of the country by Earl Spencer, the Duke of Norfolk, die Rarl of Essex, Lords f tl'harneliffe, Suffield, and CaWrap., the Earl of Metros, Lord Data, the Duke of Richmond, the Bi.hopa of Pet, rbo. rough and of Bath and Wells, and 1 671 in number, by tire Doke of Olcuce%ter. Lord WYNFORD. on presenting a similar peti , ion from a place in Northumberland, said. he trusted the principle of indemnity to the holders of West Indian property would not be overlooked when discuss ing the question of the abolition of slavery in the ettlunies. RESIGNATION OF THE DUKE; OF IVELLINGTON. The Duke of WF.I.LINGTON approached the table, and in a voice scarcely audible. on account of a severe hoarseness. sool—" 31y Lords. 1 deem it my duty to inform your lordships. that in consequence of what occurred last night in the other House of Parlitment, I telt it right to wait this morning on the King, and tender his Majesty the re. signation of the office which 1 hold ; that his Majesty has been pleased to accept of my resignation ; and that I continue in my present avua lion only till a successor shall have been appointed." Having made this declaration, the noble duke left the house. Lord TRYNII Al, in consequence of the declaration just made to their lordships, felt it his duty to pompone his niot.vn, w ieh stood for that evening, relative to the distress of the working cl ‘sses, to Ow t day fortnight. Earl OROSVENt►R wished to know from the Noble Earl opposite. whether it was true that be had bounwed the appointment of t 'irk to the Privy Council, vacant by the suilden death of Ilr. Hulks, on sty Individual P If rightly infwmed, the vac. ncy bad be, n tilled up by the Noble Earl within twenty-four hours of its emitter ee—a haste he thought not becoming with a p;:tent office of so much emolument. Larl HATHUEST was understood to tilt that no appointment had taken place. Adjourned at half-past five o'clock. HOUSE OF CC/11314.N3, Nov. IG. The stairesse leading to the gallery was crowded with strangers at eleven o'clock, waiting with patience the opening of the gallery .it one. In live minutest after that hour every seat was occupied, to the great disappointment of numbers, who bad been waning in the lobbit and the different avenues of the house, in hopes of obtaining mini-sit it after the first lush for places was over. The SPEAKER took the chair at three o'clock. Mr. NORTH and several new members took the oath at d their teats. land STHATHAVEN presented a petition from Fenny .carton, praying fur Jrwish emar.cipaion. Sir R. (WESLEY prevented a pi titinn from 500 inhabitants of Sunderland. praying for a rrpeal of the duty on sea.burre coal. A similar petition from the merchants of Sunderland was presented by Lord K . POIMIZTT. CIVIL ill?. On the motion of Sir 11. Ymoirs.t., Sir James Graham and land Norther sere added to the conionitee appointed to inquire into the expenses of the civil NEGRO StAvtur. Petitions praying for the abolition of Negri slavery were presented by Mr. Trail, front Thurso; by lard Stradivari, from Fenny Stanton; by Mr. Whitbread, from Bedford; by Mr. lafroy. from Eilsraeross and Eve other plasm is Ireland; by laird F. Warne, too from Cain. beidgeshlre • by 3lr. Dalrymple, from Harldagton : by Lord Althorp, Oben a paris:h in Neediamphmellim ; by Sir J. *Donald, hone Calue ; by Ms F. Blake. fon Isowldmia.Tiresil and Bbbop Wes/mewl ; by Sir W. Foil" from Cradegbook o In Norfolk Mr. Trvili three trim Essex; by Sir T. Ayifiad r dose from Drvosebite; by Mr. Deo. I l