Star. — London, England, 1830-12-10 00:00:00

NOT EXCLUSIVE. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. DEATH OF THE POPE. Last night Government received Intelligence of the death of Pope Pius VIII. His late Holiness, Francois Xavier Castiglione, was horn at Cingoli on the 20th of November, 1761, elected to the Pope. dont on the 31st of March, 1829, and crowned on the sth of April following. Before the Holy Father was confined to his bed, he occu. pied himself upon some indispensable affairs. He directed that all let ters addressed to him on the actual state of things in France and Bel. gium, should be answered with the strictest punctuality by briefs which he himself dictated, and which breathe a love of order and of peace. From Ik. Constitulionnet of Wednesday. We have received a number of private letters, which announce that a great change has just been effected at Berlin. The Prussian troops who were on our frontiers are retiring, and bending towards the interior. Two Prussians have purchased 3,000 tri-coloured cockades at Metz.— We are awaiting the confirmation of this news, which has been received from respectable sources. We can add that, in the ithenish Provinces, an ardent sympathy bas been evinced for our revolution. From the Journal des Debate. PARIS, Dic. 7. The Government received intelligence this evening of the death of l'ope Pius VIII. (From the Courrier Francois of Wednesday.) The tieulinelle Gruevoise contains the following paragraph " The city of Fribourg is in a state of excitement which it would be difficult to describe. It is said that the petitioners, instead of delibe rating at the inns, as stated in the Cowrie,' Friaurgeois, are march ing en muse upon the city. The petition of the inhabitants of Morat, demands the expulsion of the Jesuits, the abolition of the patrician pri. vilege, and a Constitution based upon the principles of natural equality." During the debate upon this petition two pieces of cannon, charged with grape shot were pointed against the people assembled outside the Hotel de Ville, and orders had been given by one of the prim ciple Magistrates to fire upon the multitude upon the that sign of disturbance. The Journal de Paris of Wednesday, contains a Proclamation, said to have been issued within the last few days by the Duke of Brunswick, on his re-appearance in his States, and having for object his testoration of the Sovereign authority. It is added, that the Prince, in order to insure a favourable reception, provided himself, before entering Germany, with some thousand tricoloured cockades. CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES, DEC. 8. Before the opening of the Sitting to-day, the Deputies assembled in the Hall of Conferences, were discussing a letter received from Berlin, in which it was mentioned that " the King of Prussia, dis gusted with Royalty, had resolved on abdicating in favour of his son." This sovereign had already expressed that intention several years ago, and the Emperor Alczander,who saw in the measure an obstacle to the accom. plishment of his ambitious projects, strained every nerve to dissuade his. It appears that the intrigues of his son-in-law have made him now come to a definitive resolution. "If this report be confirmed," adds the letter, " the French cause will prevail in the Councils of Potsdam, for the presumptive heir of the crown is of the most brilliant qualities, and has always proved himse lf supporter of liberal ideas." But what must particularly tend to remove the fears of the friends of liberty is that the young Prince has manifested on several oc casions a decided hatred for the Russians, which repeatedly drew upon him reproaches from his father, who is attached to Russia more through habit than real affection. It is a remarkable fact that the latter testified no hostility for the revolution of July, and that his moat assiduous courtiers are those who show the friendliest disposition towards France, This letter adds, that like his father, of tragical memory, Nicolas had farmed a scheme for the dismemberment of France, and considered himself the Hercules destined to destroy the revolutionary hydra. The intercourse is very active between Petersburg, Vienna, and the Hague, and although Prussia does not appear willing to enter the new Holy Alliance, it is, nevertheless, well known that it has already been formed. At one o'clock M. Casimir Perrier took the Chair. The question of the order of the day was the project relative to the suppression of the Juges Auditeurs. M. Isansbert voted for the abolition of the useless institutions, at the same time that he gave it as his opinion that the Conseiller, Auditeurs now filling that situation should be preserved, but that for the future they should have only a consulting voice. M. Renouard would rather vote for the suppression of the CUR. seillers Aaditeurs than place them in a subordinate and false position, since they are still magistrates, and might be even sometimes called to preside at the Courts of Assizes. M. Pause made a long digression on the danger of a collision with the Chamber of Peers, who had framed the law now in discussion. The suppression of the Conseillers Auditeurs (said he) would be most injurious to the service of the Royal Courts. The President then put to the vote the Ist article of the law, " the Juges Auditeurs are suppressed, and will instantly cease their functions," which was adopted. The 2d article, relative to the preservation of the Conseillers Audi. teurs, gave rise to a discussion, in which N. Podenas said, that if it were only for the scandalous example set by these Councillors, in perjuring themselves to preserve their places under the new dynasty, they de. served to be suppressed. They form now (added he) a discredited body, and can never recover public confidence. M. Dupla said that the immovability of the judges was p roc l a i me d by the Charter—voted by the present Chamber. lie could not see why it should be so often questioned by the very framers of the law. He then refuted the charge of perjury brought against the Conseillers Auditeurs by M. Podenas. No man, said he, should scrutinize into the consciences of magistrates who had taken an oath of allegiauce to the country, the laws, and the King. He voted for the project, and against N. Podenas' proposition. After a few observations. from M. ALBERT and M. DAUNANT, the Chamber decided that the Conseillers Auditeurs, a mo u n t i ng to about 100 for the whole of France, should continue their functions, but that no others should be appointed for the future; that the Juges floppies:is might be called upon to exercise judicial functions, if necessity re. quered it, and that their salary be fixed at I,EOO francs per annum. The number of the votes in favour of the law was NI ; against it 19. FRENCH FUNDS. Drc. B.—Five per C;;;Zoiisoc46;7loc 10e 91f 91f 25e 30e 25e 20c 15e 10e 20c 91f 91f be 10e. Three per Cents. 61143 c abc 25c 30c 110 c 25c 10e 60f 9k Clf 60f 85c Glf 601 Bk. Bank Actions, 1590 f. Rente de Naples, 63f 75c 70c 60c 40e. Rente d'Espagne, 12 12i. k:mprunt Royal d'Espagne, G 1 l 60. Rente Perpetuelle, 49i111 49 4916 49 49{ 49 49{ 49 418afal1 a I. Exchange on London--Oneltßatth, paper 25f 25c; money, 96f Mc Three tnonths,:paptr 25f the; money 25110 e. FL.INDERS MALL. BRUSSELS. DEC. 6.—Lord Ponsonby, Envoy from England to the National Con gress, passed through Ghent yesterday morning, on his way to Brussels. sir Charles Begot, the English Ambauador at the Hague, Ls recalled by his ('hurt._ A British Cabinet messenger passed through this city last night, on his way from London to Vienna. with despatches. The central section in its sitting on the 4th, decided for the establish. in,nt of a Senate, on the following conditions : " The Senators shall be chosen by the chief of the State, out of a triple list presented by a certain class of electors. Th e num b er o f Se . Lators shall be limite d; they shall be appointed for life; their number hall be at least 40, at mat 100 . " To be a Senattir, it shall be required to pay taxes to the amount of OM florins. The Senators shall be 3.S years of age; they shall re ceive no salary or compensation. The Senate cannot be dissolved. The , Senators shall have the initiative, saving the exception relative to the laws on the finances, and the contingent of the army, as laid down in the project of the Constitution. " The candidates to the rank of Senator may be elected out of the province in which they reside." The tribunal of Louvain, on the 4th of this month, acquitted Messrs. Poot and Vanderatraeten, accused of insulting the ex. King. A letter from the Hague says, " The Second Chamber of the States- General, after the discussion of the law relative to the militia for 1831, will adjourn for three months. •` By the King's order, Generals Bylands, Aberson, and Wander, are put on their trial before the high Military Court on account of their conduct during the events at Brussels." Senor Valdez, Chief of the Staff coining from the Pyrenees, has sr : iced at Bushels. It is said that he is come on a mission to Juan %%lit Halen, with whom lie passed several hours, and immediately set oat again for Paris. If the object of his mission is to ask the assistance of the brave Belgian Volunteers, he must, at least, wait till the affairs of Belgium are completely settled. M. Van de Weyer has set out, or will set out to-day for England on a mission, it is said, of the highest importance. ANTWERP. DEC. 6.—Mr. fillerman is not yet come beck. Mr. Cart Wright passed through this city yesterday afternoon, on his mum from the Hague, where the result of his mission has not been each as was hoped. ring William is stated to have answered, among other thim e : i o es t observations of Mr. Cartwright, on the non-exec ut i o n °ldes at " kly Allies have solemnly guaranteed to me th e floverMinty date Netherlands ; they abandon me; I will defend myself alone to the bet extremity, and will never suffer any couununicadon between the faithful provinces and those that have rebelled." We do not answer for the correctness of these words, but they faith-' fully represent the King's answer. The pilots who went otariday toFiushing were very ill-received there by the Dutch ; only one was allowed to land, but he was soon ordered to return on board his vessel, and quit the road immediately. They re turned here yesterday, delighted at having been able to quit s port which they lately visited with so muc h pl easure. A pretty considerable number of persons came to-day to the gates of the Exchange, while the merchants were assembled, to ask for work.— Anireerp Journal. BRUSSEL& Dec. 7—Lord Ponsonby has arrived at Brussels. It is said that Mr. Cartwright is to go as Envoy to the German Diet, where the question of Belgium will be dimmed. A letter from the frontiers of Austria of 21st Nov. says, that a corps of 23,000 or 30,000 Austrian troops, is on the march to the frontiers of Bavaria, Some persons believe that part of this corps, with an equal number of troops of another German powet, will occupy the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg. Letters from Switzerland contradict the report that 7,000 Swiss were going to be taken into the pay of the King of Holland. SPIRIT OF THE JOURIVALS. CuitowicLE.—Last night the Duke of Wellington said the late Administration were not in the least to blame for the public distress. " Legislation on the subject of the Poor Laws has gone (he said) as far as lmislation can gm Mischief arises from the maladministration of the Poor Laws by persons who are beyond the controul of the Government." It must be owned that his Grace is quite a Job's comforter. The legislation is perfect, and the mal-administration cannot be cured. The Legislature could do nothing, the Government could do nothing, but the people themselves could have done something—they could have borne their misery, they could have allowed themselves to be the victims of famine and wretchedness. The mischief, according to his Grace, is , that cor rupted by evil example, they are no longer so patient of misery as they ought to be. If the French had allowed themselves to be dragooned out of their Constitution, and treated like the brutes that peri s h, th a t would have been a good example ; and with such a good example, years might have passed in this country without any annoyance on ac. count of distress. It is the business of the people to bear distress— and the business of the Government to look on, only taking parti cular care, by stripping them occasionaly, to prevent their extricating themselves from it. The only other active duty imposed on government, according to his grace, is to supply the magistrates with force to controul the convulsive movements of despair. The magistrates themselves cannot be controulled, and they would have been able to eontroul the people, but for the evil example in a neighbouring country. Bravo ! This is a lecture on legislation and government of inestimable price. It ought to be hung up in every cabinet, as the last legacy of a great statesman to his countrymen. TIME£I.-It does not appear to us-that the real proportion barmen the supply of employment and the demand for it can era' be mode ma. nifest and free from cavil, until the unnatural mixture of wages with parish allowances be got rid of, and the question simplified by break. ing up the partnership between the overseer and the favorer. Accord. log to the perent usage of the southern counties, the mass of working men do not, properly speaking, come under the description either of labourers or paupers—almost every peasant is half.and.half of each. The paro chial grant is helped somewhat by wages—the scanty wages are eked out by a trifle from the rates. How is it possible, in such a state of things, to get a plain insight into the actual condition of the market, or to guess what number of thorough-going, hearty, wai ted labourers, would suffice to keep up the cultivation of the soil, or bow many Ineffective ones would be left to the tender mercies of the overseer, so long as, amongst those who are now generally dreaming over their work,you must cut every individual in two before you can assign the due share of the population to the respective ranks of independent indus try or parochial beggary ? We find that a glimmering of right sense and sympathy with the poor has broken out amongst the aristocracy of Sussex. A society, founded on at least good intentions, has there been formed, for supplying the peasantry with small allotments of land in lieu of parochial allowances. We refer for particulars to another column. The plan is a good one ; but a better still would be, that every gentle man should establish similar small tenements on his own estate, and let them to labourers, on terms like those contemplated by this benevolent association. An acre, of course, will not maintain a poor man's family, but it will go fir in a variety of aids and domestic comforts. Might not the cultivation of bees be resorted to with success, as affording at once a luxury and a medidne, of ready sale, and at little or no cost of production ? Tux POIT.--Our contemporary the Times criticizes the conduct of the Duke of Wellington, and attributes to his fears ! and indiscretion the observations be made in the House of Lords on Wednesday, respect ing the presentation of an Address to the Ki ng at hi s Levee by gentle men who went to St. James's, attended by thousands of persons with banners. Let us see what the law says on that subject„ in an Act, 13 Charles. 11. chap. 6, entitled, an Act against Tumults and Disor der* upon Pretence of Preparing or Presenting Petitions or other Addresses to his Majesty or the Parliament. After reciting that these practices " had been made use of to serve the end of factious and seditious persons gotten into power, to the violation of pub lic peace, and have been a great means of the late unhappy wars, con fusions, and calamities in this nation," for preventing the like mischiefs for the future, the Act proceeds to forbid persons to solicit the signature of petitions or addresses by numbers above twenty, for the altera tion of matters established by law in Church or State ; and it then proceeds to enact--" That no person or persons whatever shall repair to his Majesty, or both or either of the Houses of Parliament, upon pretence of ting or delivering any petition, complaint, remon strance, or d x c Lration or other addresses, accompanied with excessive numbers of people, nor at any time with above the number of ten per sons, upon pain of incurring a penalty not exceeding one hundred pounds, and three months' imprisonment without bail or mainprise for every offence "—lt appears then that if the Duke of W e llingt on i s timid, he is so in conformity with the recital in the preamble of the Act of Parliament; and that the conduct of which he disapproved is forbid.. den by Act of Parliament under a penalty, on account of its known dangers and its liability to be abused. NAVAL INTELLJGGNCIL Marts Alum= Tun Dar—Dubin, 1 ; Waterford, 1 ; Holland, 1 ; France, 2; Jamaica, 1. The Hood', Gray, from Demerara, has arrived at Berm u d a , dis united, bound to Liverpool. The Patriot, Miles, from Oporto to Dublin, was carried into War ren Point 6th inst. rather leaky, and with loss of an anchor and cable, having been on shore. The Adeline, Bunker, from Liverpool to New Orleans, was driven on shore at Drogbeda, and it was feared would be wrecked. The Union, Ellison ; and the Fanny, from Dublin to Widtehaven, were also driven on shore near Drogheda, but e►pected to be got oIL The Herefordshire, from Liverpool to London, was driven on shore 6th inst. near Toughal. The Hawk, Evans, and Brothers and Sisters, Brown, were driven on shore at Milford 6th inst. Drat, Dec. B.—Wind S.W. moderate. Poammonvm, Dec. 2.—Wind S.S.E. nr.ssoutn, Dec. IL—Wind S. to S.E. moderate.—Arrived the Princess Elisabeth packet, from Carthagena--sailed the sth October, Jamaica the 16th, and Crooked Island the YUt. Also, the Spey packet, from the Leeward islands--sailed from St. Thomas's Sth ult. The Calypso packet passed Antigua 20th October. Coax, Dac. 7.—Arrived the Jane, Grimble, from Brasil ; Intrepid, Morrison, from Jamaica ; and United Brothers, Fox, Irons Messina. LIVIPSOOL, Dac. B. —Arrived the Surprise, from Mesains. ATTEMPT TO ASSASSINATE MR. THOMAS, THE BU PERINTENDANT OF THE NEW POLICE. A most diabolical attempt was made to take the life of Mr. Thomas, the Superintendent of the New Pollee, about twelve o'clock last night. It is the practice of Mr. Thomas, nightly, to inspect the division, to see that the men are on their duty. Between eleven and twelve o'clock, he proceeded along the Strand, and up the Intended new road to St. Martin's-lane. On his arriving about the middle of the ruins he was accosted by a fellow in the dress of a waterman, who looked steadfastly at him, sad immediately struck him on the head with some heavy weapon, which he bad concealed, by width his hat was cut and bent over his eyes. A second blow felled him to the ground, and a third rendered him so far senseless that he was only able to exe, 0 Oh don't." The ruigan then inflicted farther injury on his person, and eventually left his victim under the conviction that he had effected his diabolical purpose, from what was subsequently discovered. Mr. Thomas, on re viving, with difficulty reached the station-house in Covent-Garden, where he became so weak thatusistance was called in. It was found that his coat, 2 waistcoats, one of them of a very strong texture, and double folded,bis Simla jacket and girt bed hem cut through, and the flesh perforated near the apex of the heart. Mr. Thomas rise no idea as to the identity of the ruffian, and ascribes the preservation of his life to the folds of the waistcoat, and the hurry in which the ruffian was to escape, conceiving he had dispatched him. The nephew of Mr. J. C. Hobbouse, M. P. for Westmin ster, has been rusticating in the Isle of Wight, a few weeks at Freshwater hotel, and was at Rya hotel lest Saturday night, weary of a long walk, when some officers from New port went there and took him, handcuffed him, and brought him to Newport, where be, his letters, and journal,l be has kept for some time past, were examined at the Town hall, he was then liberated. Mr. H, who was in his walk ing-drees,with dirty shoes and ens of them torn, declares he will proceed against what be calls the over-officious parties. —Brighton Guardian. THE ARMY. The 87th regiment removed from Longroom Barrack to Devonport on Monday ; and the depot of the 08th from Devonport to the Ci tadel on the same day. Colonel Worsley, Royal Artillery, now commands the garrison of Limerick. Lieut.-Colonel E. Napier is appointed Assistant Adjutant-Oeneral in tile Athlone district, vice Lieut.-Colonel Rolt. • Lieut. Kingsbury, 3d Buffs, is appointed to command the Limerick Recruiting district, vice Lieut. Stewart, 68th, whose period of service has expited. Staff Surgeon Colclough is appointed to the Recruiting district, Dub lin, vice Lindsay. The following changes have taken place on the Staff of the Irish Medical Department:—Assistant Surgeons D. Pitcairn, R. Primrose, and Gregor M'Oregor, to the Cork district. Lieut. Henry, of the bOth Regiment, in Limerick, is appointed Aid de-Camp to his E xce ll ency the Marquis of Anglesey, is_ Lieutenant of Ireland. His Majesty's steam vessel Carron, Lieut. Lapidge, arrived at Ply. mouth on Wednesday, in eight days from Gibraltar with despatches from Gen. Don. The Carron took out orders for the immediatereturn of the 43d regt. to England, and it is eipected the soldiers would come home in the Windsor Castle and Gloucester line of battle ships, whose arrival at the Rock, ou their way to England, was hourly anticipated. The Canon is ordered to be fitted with guns—four long 18. pounders, and two 18. pound carronades, on Commander Marian's principle. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, Mc.. 9. SCOTCH APPZLL. The LORD CHANCELLOR delivered' most able judgment in a Scotch Appeal. By the law of Scotland, a tenant in arrears for rent cannot sell his grain unless it be sold in bulk in open market. Some corn had been sold in open market by sample, and the Court of Scot land decided that it was not a sale by bulk, and consequently the pro• perty of the landlord. The LORD CHANCELLOR affirmed the judgment of the Couri in Scotland, but without costa. PETIT ioxs. The Earl of ROSEBERRV presented a petition from Great Tar. mouth, against negro slavery. Lord TEYNHA 31 presented a petition from a parish in the county of Mayo, for the more equal distribution of the annual grants for edu. cation.--Also a petition from the merchants of Middlesex and Surrey, praying for parliamentary authority for the cultivation of waste lands. The Earl of WINGHILSEA presented a petition from Kent, com. plaining of agricultural distress, and praying for Parliamentary reform. Lord AUCKLAND moved the second rcading of the Consolidated Fund Surplus Bill, which was accordingly read the second time. STATE Of TUE COUNTRY. Lord WYNFORD rose pursuant to notice to submit a motion to their Lordships on the state of the country. The noble and learned lord expressed a hope that he bbould be able to present such a case for I the consideration of that house, that it would be impossible for their Lordships, consistent with the duty that they owed the country, to re fuse the motion he should have the honour to submit. lie was anx ious not to add to the excitement which unhappily prevailed in almost every part of the country. He assured their lordships that nothing would come from him to continue that excitement. When the people of England were told that all excess would be put down by the strong arm of the law, and that the cause of distress would beinvestigated, there should be a determination on the part of his Majesty's Government to sift that distress to the bottom, and use every endeavour to provide a remedy. That line of conduct would convince the good sense of the country—the suffering part of the community—that they ought to rely on the justice and wisdom of Parliament. He was persuaded that a great deal of the dissatisfaction which prevailed was, unfortunately, the consequence of that distress which overwhelmed all classes, grinding to dust those who were more directly its objects. That distresses had led to disturbance and the destruction of machinery he could not doubt ; but the :firesjwhich had so lately disgraced different parts of the country were to be attributable to another cause. Englishmen, like the in habitants of ether nations, occasionally lose sight of the laws ; but an Englishman never resorted to the cowardly means of destroying his neighbour's property by fire. (Hear, hear.) He felt satisfied those outrages were not of English growth, but exotic. The deluded peasantry had been led on by others who had interests beyond the interests of the English labourer. It was impossible to deny the existence of distress. If any man was disposed to doubt it prevailed t o a great extent, let him takes turn Into the surrounding torsi districts ; let hint sec the number of persons out of employ ; let him see the num ber of persons employed in useless labour, and at useless expense upon the high roads. This was In a great degree occasioned by the defective state of the law, and if proofs were wanting of that fact, let those who had doubts visit the vestries, and see the cases made out ny the tax payer,and the tax receiver (hear.) There they might see the defects of the law, and the cause of distress. The Judges of the land were called on to punish offences which the wisdom of parliament should have prevented.—(Hear, hear.) His lordship called the attention of the house to the increase of crime.: No one could look at the gaol calendars, without seeing in the same a frightful picture of distress. The noble lord referred to a document which, he said, would put the question out of doubt. It would prove, that if something was not done to arrest the progress distress was making amongst the population of the country, all would be immersed in crime. The return from the colony of New South Wales lately received in this country gave the following distress ing increase of crime : In the year 1825 the number of persona transported to Botany Bay from this country, was 233 • In the year 1826. the number was increased to 1815 • In 1821, the number was .. ... .. 2578 In 1828 • • • • ••• •• • 2449 It appeared to the noble and learned lord, that he could not present to their lordships a more complete picture of the crimes and distresses of this country, than that which the paper be had cited laid before them. If, however, be stopped there, it might be said all this distress may be the subject of inquiry in committee. So far as it relates to the poor, you have a committees sitting on the poor laws, but it was known that committee could do no good, because they have no funds to apply to their relief. The noble and learned lord was prepared to show what had been the cause of the diminution of those funds, and he could have no better authority than the statements made by Sir Robert Peel and the late Mr. Huainan. Sir Robert Peel made a statement, in which he was confirmed by Mr. Buskisson. A noble and gallant Duke in that house (Wellington) said the same thing, namely, the capital of the country was locked up in the strong box of the usurer.... trade was in an unhealthy state. Another gentleman of great authority (Alderman Thompson) had complained that the currency in circulation was not enough to enable tradesmen to pay their workmen—small notes were wanted. Was not that distress ? What must be the state of the country when the capitalist would not lend his capital for interest ? The capitalist had thought proper to stop the life's blood of the country, by locking it up in his strong box. His Majesty's ministers had not the power to remedy this state of things. It was owing to the defective state of the law. If their lordships were not satisfied that distress did exist to an extent never before known in this country, it would be im. possible to convince them—but he could not help saying he wished to have the question investigated. The landholders of the country had been grossly calumniated. The agricultural interests had been scan dalised, and he hoped to have an opportunity of vindicating those per. sons at the bar of the House. These were all grounds, he thought, sulkiest to cause inquiry. He feared the dawning prosperity in some manufactures would not be of long continuance, for it bad not been occasioned by demand from abroad, but arising from spocalaters in this smug ; and should they kW, the atmosphere would be more dense than Were the dump. It was said, improvement in the raimnfactinias Warm had taken place—Goa send it might asstinne. It appeared to him that it was net likely to be of long tioratise.— The *Masi state of the Continent had given a sempuesy primp. rity to speuisters, but when the paspls of the Csatinust returned to habits of industry. the improvement in this country would come. A Nelda Lard, ones the ansmasut of that Rams, had slid distress was owing to asosesks poductisn. That could not be the cause at peanut. If there was now an excessive glut Is nuoufactures, that was undammail to be the east of machiasry. Be was speaking. he knew, apex a whim that was ass o this human intellect odd pap. pie with. hat he should my he wee use enemy to machinery. If, however, machinery was the cause of overstocking the market, it ought to be regulated, because it was injurious to the manufacturer. The Noble and Learned Lord was also ready to say that the poor man had as much right to have his labour protected as the rich manufacturer had to have his machines protected. fie did not mean to say a stop should be put to the use of machinery, but it was necessary to make it subject to such regulations AS existing interests might require. He was not prepared to say to what extei the use of machinery bad produced the present effect upon the commerce of the country—at all events it ought to be limited. He then railed their lordships attention to the difference between the gold cuirenq of this country as compared with that of other countries. He was not aware what could be done, but he felt satisfied that there was great reason for inquiry. The alteration of the currency affected every con tract; but the issuing of one-pound notes might give some relief. and leave the currency unaffected. The stoppage of these notes slid not take place to prevent too extensive an issue of Bank Netes, but to protect the poor and ignorant man front fraud—fromd witich had been proved at the Bar of the House of Commons to have existed to an alarming extent. The rent of land, however high could not affect the labouring classes equal to the pressure of exietin4 t•ts..s. It had been said, that if you lowered your rents to what t! ey wet.: in 1783, all would be right. Now he would assert, that it the int.. proved condition of the ricotta were taken into consideratier. it *mid be found that, comparatively, rents were as low as at that period. The ides that the reduction of high rents would prove so be neficial, had been propagated in error, by that powerful engine the public press. The noble and lean.ed bold then adverted to hie.: sea sons as a cause of distress assigned by a certain class ..f political mono. mists; the.' to the corn laws, which we.e con ider to b: the rain of the country. With proper modifications, for his own part, he hail is objection to a total repeal of these laws. Of one thing he was pa suaded, that the corn laws of 1828 did not, in the smallest degree, ad vantage the farmer or landed proprietor; that advantage might e el; been reaped from them by the speculator he did not doubt, but be wa. not the party that the legislature of that time ought to have coil.ieltrce:. Upon the whole bearings of that important question, he should net then enter ; but there was one point connected with it, which he could not pass over—he alluded to the system of striking averages, a 3.5. tent to be deprecated, as it brought down the price of the dent:,t and best corn to the level of the cheapest; the land tax, or more pia perly speaking, the income tax, for it was nothing else, was eno.Ler point; when it was first imposed, Parliament gave a bounty as it ad.. to those who paid it. There were other subjects which bore particu larly hard upon the agriculturist, by which capital was drawn (rout the country ; the importation of raw produce, in like manner, if the r Lordships took the trouble of looking into the documents on the table ' they would find that it came in merely on payment of a nominal duty ; there ought, he contended, to be no partiality shown by the Legislature of the country, but every department, whether agricultural, commer cial, or manufacturing, ought to bear equal burdens. He believed tlx distress of the country to be general in its pressure. It was impossible for the agricultural interest to suffer without every other branch sym pathising with it. In support of that argument he need only cell their Lordships' attention to the years 1813, 1816, 1817, 1818, 1819, and 1820, and it would be found, and what occurred then would necessarily occur again, that when the agricultural interests flourished, so did the manufacturing ; and when the manufacturing interests flourished, so did the agricultural; it was true it would also be found, that in 1817 corn was 105 s. per quarter, and manufactures in spite of that flourished, and the Prince Regent in that house congratulated their lordships and the country on the pro tufting state of affairs ; he was satisfied that the exchange of the country ;was most materially affected by the great importation of corn. All that he wanted of their lordships was to institute an inquiry into these important topics affecting every interest, so as that the true cause of distress might be ascertained, and their Lordships enabled to give an answer to those out of doors who were clamouring for employ ment, for he was convinced, if matters were allowed to go on as at pre. sent, without such inquiry, there would be on end to all security in pro perty ; for their Lordships' own sakes he called upon them to grant this inquiry, and he could not do it better than by quoting the words of tiir J. Graham, who stated that such an inquiry was equally applicable to the present Government as to all others a great effort was necessary to overcome complicated difficulties, where resistance and escape were out of the question. The noble and learned lord concluded by putting his motion,which was to the effect that their Lordships should forthwith in. stitute an inquiry with respect to the present state of the country. The motion having been put from the Woolsack, Earl ROSEBERRY rose and opposed the motion, which he deemed as altogether unnecessary, in consequence of the pledges of his Majesty'. Ministers, and more especially in consequence of the Committee on the Poor Laws, which bad been agreed to by the Ministers of the Crown. and which was now sitting up stairs that Committee would answer every purpose of the noble and learned Lord's motion. He was satisfied that the depression and distress amongst the labouring and manufactur ing classes was very great and general ; it was also co-existent with im. provement of the minds of the working classes, In consequence of their better education and the spread of knowledge ; circumstances which made them more alive to a sense of their sufferings. He (Earl Roscherry) had another objection to urge against the noble an d l ear n e d Lord's motion, which was--the recent change in the king's government, the noble earl at the head of which, the very first night of his appointment to office on which lie took his seat in that house, not only agreed at once to the motion of the noble marquis op posite (Salisbury) for an enquiry into the administration of the poor laws, but made the most solemn declarations that every topic in come lion with the present state of the country would be taken under the im. mediate consideration of ministers, so as that confidence might be re. etored by a reform in parliament, and in every other department of the legislature of the country ; it was not fair dealing by persons called so recently to office, to come down upon them as the noble and learned lord had done, in the face of their spontaneous pro.. mises, thereby disturbing their beneficial labours.—(Hear, hear.) It were much better for the noble and learned lord to wait a few weeks, and see if Ministers would, in the course of that time, bring before Parliament some plan or plans for restoring peace and confidence to the country ; on that ground alone he was of opinion that it would have been more desirable it the noble lord had not come forward with his motion at present; he (Earl Roseberry) did not wish to stifle inquiry by the vote he should give that night upon the question before their lordships, but if the noble and learned lord opposite would consent to withdraw his motion- -(Cries of " No, no," from Earl Stanhope—ausi wait the result of the pledges of his 3lajeety's Ministers, more goou would be derived than by pressing it. He (Earl Roseberry) could no close his observations without adverting to the state of the game laws which were of a character sufficient to demoralise the agricultural la bouren of the country, producing tumult, and violence, die gracing the country. He was sorry that noble lords were responsible Co such estate of things by their enactments. Lord King and Lord Eldon then presented themselves, and the tor. mer gave way to— Lord ELDON, as soon as the noble lord was audible below thrbar, said that he should vote for die present inquiry. The state of the coun try was such as called for the interference of Parliament. Lord KING said, that the noble and learned lord, for learned, he su?posed, be must call him—(a laugh)--had not started a single new point, in the course of his address to their lordships. The inquiry which he sought was an iras fataus which would plunge their lord ships still deeper in the dark. With respect to that noble log's notions of capital, it appeared to be this.' Capital, he ado:iced, watt in the country, but locked in a box ; now, what constitutes ca pital, he (Lord King) would ask? Why, it was roads, and badges, and canals, houses and lands, and all this was locked in a box, 'and that box was the island of Great Britain. (Much laughter.)He admitted that great evils arose from the mid-administration of the poor laws. A clergyman had informed him (Lord King) that when a young couple presented themselves to be married, he sometimes said to the Lridegroom " why, you are very young; "yes" was the eraser, " only nineteen, but 1 can get no work in the parish salsas litou mar ried." The supply of food was thus greatly diminished. The noble lord then adverted to the disturbances in the soutban parts of the court. try, which proceeded from severe suffering araratost the labouring classes, aided, no doubt, by odeddevass indiviihnis who had certain ends to accomplish. The lsiteutlegyeer wan certainly in a state 6f starvation at present, elm past helm endurance, aad relief must be obtained for them—bat the guidon was—How? If wages were raised, then the distress fell spin th e knew it was deer test an Aro. the Corn Laws, tuft a week will de geed to 11a:tas it was, the system was new le rate es th e heir and moll that o rs tithes se: the mom treuld y. Against the presses to he Mudd esetainly is Neel WINCHILSIA be should glee the mss if she noble and kernel lard his su,peen ; it was, harem, he bele his with , Mph the um eptveseesest doer ' hue he esoideeed diet miler eheideremes , --- - p si goo esphy wee the met judkieus awes that odd he adegbd. tepidly at the pout jump, ; he was convinced if stileiry wee Ibetheed k would M elNdy proved ta their lordships that rests me net may Woad ter below the steueleed atm ~~ 'k_ 4 . i • I