Star. — London, England, 1812-12-24 00:00:00

~ ,~ .~ AT a numerous MEETING of NOBLEMEN and GENTLEMEN, convened for the purpose of collet daring of a ,ÜBSCRIPTION for the RELIEF of the POOR SUFFERING INHABITANTS of the different Governments a RUSSIA, through which the French Armies have passed, in • g theist late atrocious invasion of that Empire; held at the Crown audAuehor, in the • (rand, the gsd day of December, 1812, , His Royal Highness the Duke of YORK, in the Chairs Resolved Unanimously, • That this Meeting views with the strongest sentiments of ad • sniration and gratitude the heroic constancy displayed by the Russian Government and Nation in a contest, in whish not only • their own honour and independence, but the interest of this country, and of the civilised world are deeply involved; and feels the warmest sympathy fur the great and ,tounerlted sufferings brought upon the peaceful inhabitants of Ruspia by an unprinci pled invasion, attended by circumstances of the most atrocious violence and devastation. Resolved Unanimously, That this Meeting feel it to be their duty as. Men, as Britons, and as Christians, to cogtrillute, by every means in their power, to relieve distress so aggravated and so undeserved. Resolved Unanimously, That a Subscription be opened for the. Relief of such of the Inhzbi:ants of Russia ag bave suffered in consequence of the 'French Invasion, and that the produce of the Subscription be re initted to his Majesty's Ambassador at Sr. Petersburgh, to be by ; /dm applied lo aid of the Subscriptions there raised for the same purpose, dr otherwise, as bis Excellency may think most espy dient and effectual. Resolved Unanimously, That a Committee be appointed for the Management of the said Subscription, and that the following Gentlemen be Members of the said Committee, viz : The Right lion. Geo. Rose John Julius Angerstein, Esq. The Right Hon.-Charles Long J. C. Weguehn, Esq. The Right Hon. John Sullivan James Brugden, Esq. Sit: Hugh Inglis, Bart. - Thomson lionar, Esq. . Samuel Thornton, Esq. William Wilberforce, Esq. Alex. Hendris Sutherland,Esq. Wln..Htury Hoare, Esq. L9bert Thornton, Esq. John Thornton, Esq. mund Antrobus, Esq. That three be a Quorum, and that the Committee have autho rity to add to their number such names as they nay think lit. Resolved UnanimouslYs That SAMUEL TuoxtvroN s Esq. be requested to undertake the office of Treasurer to this Subscription, and to manage the re-. pittance thereof, under the direction of the Committee; and that Saks be opened to receive the names of Subscribers at the Bar of this douse, and at the different Bankers in London and Westminster. FREDERICK, Chairman. His Royal Highness the Duke of YORK having left the Chair, it was moved by Mr. :;AttIVEL TuoaNToN, and Resolved Unanimonsly, This the thanks of this Meeting be given to his Royal High- slew the Duke of YORK, for his truly noble and philanthropic conduct upon this occasion. The following Sums were immediately subscribed: The Prince Regent - - - £2500 0 0 The Duke of York - - - 200 ci 0 Lord Liverpool - s - 105 0 0 Lord Buckinghamshire - - .. 105 0 0 Lord Castlereagh- - - . 105 0 0 Lord Harrowby - - . 105 0 0 S. and J. Thornton and Co. - - 200 0 0 Thomson Bonar and Co. - - 200 0 0 lohn Maberley, Esq. . - - 200 0 0 Lord Si4mouth ' - - - 105 o 0 - Mr. Serjeant Pell - . 52 10 0 Lo . rd Kenyon - - - - 100 0 0 Sir p. Warrender, Bart. - - - 5 2 10 0 rH. Inglis, Bart. - . - 52 10 0 Robert Thornton, Esq. - . - 52 10 0 The Right Hon. J. Sullivan - - 50 0 0 The R ight Hon. G. Rose ir - - 100 0 0 The Chancellor of the Exchequer - - 105 0 0 J.l- Angerstciss, Esq. - . - 100 0 0 John Angerstein, Esq. - - .. 50 0 0 Mrs. John Angerstein .. - .. 50 0 0 - William Wilberforce . - 50 0 0 A. Boucberett, Esq. - . - 50 0 o The Tighe Hon. C. Arbuthnot .. I. 5 4 ) 0 0 - I'. Ferguson, Esq. - .. 10 10 0 J. W. H. Parkes, Esq. - - - 1 1 0 W. A. Wagner .. - - 1 • 0 0 - Jobe Stodda:l, L.I. D. - 10 0 o .. The T;nies Journal - - - 105 0 0 Matthew Martin, Esq. - - 1 1 e SUFFERINGS OF THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE. A MEETINGwiII be held of the MERCHANT'S, X BANKERS and TRADERS 0 London, at the City of London Tavern, on Wednesday, the 30th of December instant, at Twelve for One o'Clocic, to consider of a Subscription for the Relief of the People of Russia suffering the severest privations and distresses in consequence of the French Invasion. isigu! City Chambers, Dec. W., 1312. WM. HOLDEN. -7 This ray wei e published, price Ss. 6d. in 870. sewed. O BSERVATIONS on LIEUTEN#INT-COLO • NEL MALCOLM'S EIifiLiCAFION, relative to the DISTURBANCES in the MADRAS ARMY ; containing a kektation of the Opinions of that Officer, from the Evidence of Papers laid before Parliament : containing also, Copies an.' Ex tracts of some interesting Letters addressed by the late Marquis Cornwallis to !;ir G. Barlow. London : Printed fur Black, Parry, and Co. Booksellers to the Honourable East India Company, Leadenhall-street. '1 his day was pLeblibhrd, In Ope Volume, octavo, with a Portrait of Bi,hop Porteus, from an original picture, puke 7s. in boards, the Third Edition • of. 1 1 1 H1i. LITE of the. Right Reverend I3EILBY jj PORTEUS, DD. late LORD BIS:10i' of LONDON. By the Rev. ROBERT HODGSON, A. M. 1 7 .41. S. Rector of St. George's. Haßover•square, and tine of his Majesty's Chaplains in Ordinary. Printed far T. C.idell and W. Davies, Strand. Of whom may alto he had, . . The Works, complete, of Bishop Porteus, with the Account of tt's Life, by the gee R. Hodi;son, balitisumely printed, in 6 vols. Sy°. pricp £2.Bs. in boa! ds. Any of the several Works may also he hacl separately. LAW POCKET' BOOK.---1 his day was published, Neatly bound in red, with. Pocket and Tue.i, price 6s, PLARKg's LAW POCKET BOOK, for the Year 1813; containing blank ruled pages under the heads of Terms and Sittings, for the insertion, by Counsel or Attar ries, of Minines of Causes in which they may be retained; and *!so for Memorandums, instructions, and Cash, every Day to the Year. A Professional Remernbrancer, containing at one view the Law Business appointed on particular Days in the Year, Holidays, &c. A Memoranda of Practical Forms in the Courts of K. B. and C. P. in most general use, and required at the in stant, when a Book of Reference may not be at band. A Com putation Table of the times of Expiration of Rules, Notices, &c. &a. useful to the profession, and to Clients desirous of knowing the course of law proceedings, wish a Table of Disbursements, shaving the costs out of pocket in any particuiii business, Lists of the Houses of Lords and Commons, Law Offices, Stamps, and a variety of other tseful articles.—(To be coqtinue c annually.) London : Printed fir W. Clarke and Sons, Law Booksellers, Portugal-street, Lincoln's-au. r ELEMENTARY BURKS for theIJSE OF SCHOOLS, iPublished by :Sherwood, Neely, and Jones, Paternoster-row. !.MODE I It . N ,I Ff i kENC I H Phr CONVases, dESA New ETlO asy D N . ; e.in French Ind En lish, upon the most familiar Subjects. By W.A. BELLF.NG R. Price 21. bound. 't. A new method or. Learning French, with two complete i tof Exercises ; in which the Principles of that Toniste are ' forth whh such Order and Persptculty , as to promote the etrly attainment of that universal Language. By J. Gutsy. econd Edition, care fully revised and intproved, 81. bound. Thts'Grammif is particularly adagted tn'tlie genius and dies 'upon of young students, mu fur persons %ntirely unacquainted ith the ileitch Language. s, Los Pettis E.misres, ou correspon - lance de quelques Eo n*: out .age fait pour servir il'Educanun deli Jeunesse. Nou lle E dition , aysc des Notes Grrunatleales. In two neat'Vo-: ( 'pike Ss. hound. i 4. Are Epitome of Geography, kriTbree Parts; arranged after if new ynanner, and eilivened by references to Ancient and Mo lam H story. By .10iIN EVANs, A.M. = Siccirld Edition, wit 6 tigssiderable Additions and Improvements, etc+ellisliell with a rery useful Frontispiece, price- 0.14 bound. i FRENCH PAPERS. [The late hour at which the Twenty-ninth Bulletin reached Town yesterday compelled no to confine ourselves to an abstract of its contents in part of our impression : we therefore repeat it at full length.] TWENTY-NINTH BULLETIN. " MOLODEIkiCHNO, DEC. S. " To the 6th November the weather was fine, and the movement of the army executed wilt the greatest success. Thy cold weather began on the 7th ; flora that moment wa every night lost several hundred hopes, and numbers of men died in consequence of bivouacking. Arrived at Saiolensko we had already lost many cavalry and artillery horses. " The Russian army from Volhynia was opposed to our right. Our right left the Minsk line of opera tions, and took for the pivot of its operations the Warsaw line. Qn the 9th the Emperor was informed at 'Smo lensk° of this change in the line of dons, and ,conceived what the enemy would do. opera tions, hard it appeared to him to put himself in movement du ring so cruel a season, the new state of things de manded it. He expected to arrive at Minsk, or at least upon the Beresina, before the enemy ; on the 13th he quitted Smolet;sko ; on the,l6th he slept at Krasnoi. " The cold which began the 7th, suddenly in creased, and on the 14th, 15th, and 16th, the ther mometer was 16 and IS degrees below the freezing _ a The roads were covered with ice ; the cavalry, artillery, and baggage horses perished every night not only by hundreds, but by thousands, particularly the Gelman and• French horses. " In a raw days more than.3o,ooo horses perished —our cavalry were on foot—our artillery and our baggage were without conveyance. It was neces sary to abandon and destroy a good part of our cannon, ammunition. and provisions. ig This army, so fine on the Gth, was very different on the 14th : almost without cavalry, without artil lery, without transports. Without cavalry, we could not reconnoitre a quarter of a league's distance ; without artillery, we could not risk a battle, and firmly await it : it was requisite to march, in order not to be constrained to a battle, which the want of ammunition prevented us from desiring ; it was re quisise to occupy a certain space not to be turned, and that too without cavalry, which led and connected the columns. .This di ffi culty, joined to a cold which soddenly came on, rendered our situation inisarable. Those men, whom nature had not sufficiently steeled to be above all the chances of fate and fortune, appeared. shook, lost their gaiety, their good humour, and dreamed but of misfortunes and catastrophes ; those whom she has created superior to every thing, pre served their gaiety and their ordinary manners, and saw fresh glory in the different diflizulties to be sur mounted. 46 The enemy, who saw upon the road 3 traces of that frightful calamity which had overtaken the French army, endeavoured to take advantage of it. He surrounded all the columns with his Cossacks, who carried off, like the Arabs in the deserts, the.' trains and carriages which separated. This con temptible cavalry, which only make noise, and is not capable of penetrating through a company of volti- j geurs, rendered themselves formidable by favour of ' circumstances. Nevertheless the enemy bad to repent of all the serious attempts which he wished to under take: they were overthrown by the Viceroy, before whom they were placed, and lost many men. 66 The Duke of ELCHINGEN, with 3,000 men, had blown up the ramparts of emolensko. He was sur rounded, and found himself in a critical position, but he extricated himself from it with that intrepi. dity with which he is distinguished. After having kept the enemy at a distance from him during the whole day of the 18th, and constantly repulsed him at night, made a movement on the right, passed the Borysthenes, and deceived all the calculations pf the enemy. 44 On the 19th, the army passed the Borysthenes at Orza, and the Russian army, being fatigued and having lost a great number ofsnen, ceased from its attempts. 66 The army of Volhynia had inclined on the 16th upon Minsk, and marched upon Borisow. General Dombrowski defended the bridge-head of Borisow with 3,000 men. , On the 23d he was forced, and obliged toevacuate this position. 46 The enemy then passed the Beresina, marching upon Bobo i the division Lambert formed the ad vanced guard. 44 The second corps, commanded by the Duke of Reggio, which was at Taeherein, had received or ders to march upon Borisov( ) to secure to the army the passage of the Beresina. ‘f On the 24th, the Duke of Reggio met the divi sion, Lambert, four leagues from Borisow, attacked and defeated it, took 2000 prisoners, six pieces of cannon, 500 baggage waggons of the army of Vol hynia, and throw the enemy on the right bank of the Deresina. ..... ........ . ; • 66 General Berkeim, with the 4,th cuirassiers, dis- Itinguished himself by a fine charge. The enemy could only secure his safety by burning the bridge, which is more than 300 toises in length. Neverthe less, the enemy occupied all the passages of the Bere -sina ; this river is forty wises wide, and had much floating ice on it, but its banks are covered with marshes 300 toises long, which present great obsta cles in clearing it. The enemy's General had placed his four divisions at the different debonches, where he presumed the French army would attempt to pass. " On the 26th, at break of day, the Emperor, after having deceived the enemy by different move ments made ( during the day of the 25th, marched upon the village of Studzeanea, and caused, in spite' of an enemy's division, and in its presence, two bridges to be thrown over the river. The Duke of Reggio passed, attacked the enemy, and led him, fighting, twn' hours. The enemy retired upon the tete-du-pont :of Borisow. General Legrand, an otfi- ' Or of the first rate merit, was badly, but not 44n gerously, wounded. During the whole of the 26th and 27th, the rmy passed. ' ea The Duke of Belluno, commanding the 9th , corps, had received orders to fullow the movement of the .Duke of Reggio, to form the rear-guard, and keep in check-the Ruftsian army from the Duna, which followed him. *Poitausarres division fpnriod ' the reart4ar4of this corps. ~~ ,_ le On the 27th, at noon, the Duke of Bellow ar rived with two divisions at the bridge of Studzeanea. Fortaunaux's division set out at night from -Bo risow. A brigade of this division, which formed the rear-guard, and which was charged with burning the bridge, marched at seven in the evening, and arrived between 10 and 11 o'clock ; it sought its first bri-' gade and its General, who had departed two hours before, and which it had not met with in its route. 44 It's researches were in vain ; some tilleaSillElS was then conceived. All we have been able to learn is, that the .first brigade set out at 4ve o'clock, missed its way at six, went to the right in place of proceed ing to the left, and marched two i;); three leagues in this direction ; that during the night, and benumbed with cold, it rallied' at seeing the enemy's fires which it mistook for those of the French army. Thus sur rounded, it was taken. This cruel mistake most have caused us a loss of '2,000 infantry, 300 ca valry, and three pieces of artillery. Reports state, that the General of Division was not with his column, and had marched alone. All the army having passed on the morning of the 28th, the Duke of Belluno guarded the te.'e du front upon the left hank ; the Duke of Reggio, and behind him all the army, was upon the right bank of the Borisow, having been evacuated, the armies of the Duna and Volhynia communicated they planned an attack on the 28th, at break of day. The Duke of Reggio caused the Emperor to be informed that he was attacked. Half an hour af terwards the Duke of Belluno was on the left bank. The Duke of Elchingen immediately followed the Duke of Reggio, and the Duke of Treviso, the Duke Of Elchingen. The battle became warn:. The enemy wishing to turn our right, General Doumere commanding the sth division of cuirassiers, which, made part of the 2d corps that remained on the Duna, ordered a charge of cavalry, by the 4th and sth regiments of cuirassiers, at the moment when the legion of the Vistula was engaged in the woods, to pierce the centre of the enemy, who was defeated and put to the route, with the enemy's cavalry which came to the assistance of its infantry. Six thousand prisoners, two standards, and six pieces of cannon, fell into our hands. " On his side the Duke of Belluno vigorously charged the enemy, defeated him, took from 5 to 600 prisoners, and did not suffer him to advance within the reach of the cannon of the bridge. Gen. Fournier made a fine charge of cavalry. •' In the battle of Bere,ina, the army of Volhynia suffered much. The Duke of Reggiu was wounded, hut his wound is not dangerous. He received a hall ir, his side. 66 The next diy (the 29th) we remained on the field of battle. We had to make our choice between two routes—that to. Minsk, and that to Wilna. The road to Minsk led through the middle of a forest and uncultivated marshes, where it was impossible for the army to subsist itself. " On the contrary, the road to Wilna led through a very fine country. The army- being without ca valry, deficient of ammun;tion, and horribly fatigued by 50 days march, carrying in its train all the sick and wounded of so many battles, stood greatly in need of getting to its magazines. " On"the 36th, the head-quarters were at Plechr. nitsi ; on the Ist December at Slaike ; and, on the 3d, at Molodetschno, where the army received the first convoys from Walla. 66 All the wounded Officers and soldiers, and whatever . else could be of embarrassment, with the baggage, &c. - were sent off to Wilna. " o say_ that the army stands in need of re-esta blishing its discipline, ef, refreshing itself, of remount. ing its cavalry, completing its artillery, and its ma terials, this is the result of the Epose which has just been made. Its repose is of the first necessity. The materials and the horses are coming in ; General Bou reier has already more than 20,000 remount horses in the different depots. " The artillery has already repaired' its losses.— The Generals, Offica l t4, and soldiers have suffered ' greatly from wait. NUmbers have lost their bag-. gage by the loss of their liqrses, and several by the effect of the Cossacks' ambushes. The Cossacks have taken numbers of isolated persons, of geogra phical engineers, who were taking positions, and of wounded Officers, who were marching without pre eauti,n, preferring running the ris k to marching slowly, and going with the convoy. "The reports of the General Officvlys commanding the different corps will make known what officers and soldiers have chiefly distinguished themselves, and I the details of these memorable events. " In all these movements the Emperor has been continually marching in the middle of his guards.— The cavalry commanded by Marshal Duke of [Stria, and the infantry commanded by the Duke of Dantzic. " His Majesty has been well satisfied with the fine spirit shewn by his guards. They have always been ready to shew themselves every where that their pre sence was needful : hub circumstances have always , been such, that their appearance alone was sufficient, and that they zever were in a case which required them to charge. e' The Prince of Neufchatel, the Grand Marshal, the Grand Equerry, and all the Aides-de-Camp and Military Officers of the household, have always ac companied his Majesty. " Obr cavalry was dismounted to such a degree, that ii was necessary to collect the Officers, who had still a horse remaining, in order to form four com panies of 150 men each. The Generals there performed the functions of Captains, and the Colonels those of subalterns. This sacred squadron, commanded by General Grouchy, ‘ and under the orders of the King of Naples, did not lose sight of the Emperor in all these movements.— The health of his Majesty was never better."—(Mo niteur, Dec. 17. PARIS, DECEMBER is. On the sth December, the Emperor having call ed ,together at his 14g -quarters at Stporgony the Viceroy, the Prince of Neufchatel, and Matshals Dukes of ElchingeniDantzic, Treviso, the Prince of Eckruuhl, the Duke of Istria, acquainted them, that lie had nominated the King of Naples his Lieutenant. General to cosi - mend the army during the rigorous season. His Majesty, in passing through Wilna, was employed several hpurs wi t h th e Puke of liassano. His Majesty traveled incognito, in a single sledge, With and under the name of the 'Duke of Vicence. He eianliaeci the . foitifications pf PFaga, surveyed ~ Warsaw, and remained there several hours unknown. Two hours before his departure he sent for Cou nt Potocki, and the Minister of Finance of the Craw Duchy, with whom he had long conference. His Majesty arrived on the 14th, at one o'clock in the morning, at Dresden, and alighted at the hafts of his Minister, Count Serra. He had a long conference with the King d Saxony, and immediately afterwards pursued journey taking the road of Lcipzic and Mentz. M. De Montesquiou, Aid-de-camp of the Prince of Neufchatel, dispatched by the Emperor from hi, head-quarters at Selitche, on the 2d of Decembe r , with dispatches for the Emp ress , arr i ved at Nig list night. a I • PARIS, DECEMBER 19. His Majesty the Emperor arrived at Paris yest eb day, at half-past eleven at night;—he received d e Princes, Grand Dignitaries, the Ministers, and G / t 4 Officers. The Duke of Cadore took the oaths before biot a , jesty in quality cf Minister, Secretary of State,. ad interim, in place of Count Darn, who remai ns t z further orders with the army, performing the fungi. tlrais of Intendant General. His MajestyAas charged the Bish• pof Nantes with the administration aid s Chapel, in the absence of the Grand Almoner. The details contaioed in the last Bulletin ad* grand army cannot but add to the glory with which It has covered itself in this last campai gn , and to the admiration which the heroic firmness, and the puis sant genius of his Majesty the Emperor inspires.,.. After having vanouished the Russians i n 20 battles, and driven them from' their ancient capital,redneed so ashes, our brave troops have had to bear up again s t the rigour of an excessive cold, and the severity of an inhospitable climate ; and notwithstanding Attie losses they have sustained during upwards of fifty days march, in provisions, horses, and artillery, they still have surmounted every obstacle, and find sulk cient for their support in their numerous magazines —There are few pages, either in ancient or modest history, that, 4-ith respect to nobleness, elevation, and interest, can be compared to this memorable Bulletin. It is an historical piece of the first rank. It is thus that Xenophon recounts the retreat of the 10,000 ; and that Crsar, who was at the same tilt . ; a great captain and a great write;, digested the Commentaries, of which Montaigne said—" I ce. tainly have read this production with something more of reverence and respect than one generally reads human work, from considering the author hin : self according to his actions and to his miraculous greatness." ; . • Montaigne, who with equal sagacity judged ofmen and things,, would not have used any other language if he had spoken of thew. histor , cal monuments with which our annals are enriched by every campaigns/ his Majesty ; and he would, above all, have rendered justice to this great character, always superior to the chance of fate and fortune, which. to eminently dis : tinguishes the hero who will give his name to the 19th century. There never, perhaps,has offered a sight more rs markable than that of the Erench army, Ls the midst of an enemy's country, deprived, in the course of eight days, of its artillery, its transports, and of nearly the whole of its cavalry, by the intenseness of the cold. In this disastrous situation, the gevins Of the Sore, reign animates alt, foresees evi ry thing, and prepare' unexpected resources. . The enemies, who had the elements for their auxiliaries, were beaten whereve; they appeared. ; ( • a a e ' i The March, of the French army, which was nevi' delayed by any difficulty; is a series of triumphs;— and the operations concluded with a brilliant victory which - dissipates every fear. We see this " wed squadron," composed of brave men sel,ecteol from among the valiant, preserving, in the midst of ila4 gers, that constancy and that gaiety in which men, although by nature sufficiently formed for hardihood " are de fi cient," and we may rest as;ured, that wit s such an army and such a General, the eventual anti cess of the war cannot be uncertain. What more favourable circumstances can the Rm. "sians expect for opposing the French army ? if they have been vanquished by troops, fatigued and de. 'prived of cavalry and artillery, what will they be when those same troops have in a great measure re. paired their losses, and shall agaii: act on the offensivcl The results of this campaign ought to have con. vinced the enemy that it is impossible to resist the. forces brought against them, and shew them their future prospects in the darkest colours. Historians have noticed as one of the finest titles of glory to Hannibal, that he understood the method of keeping perfect harmony among the troops of the , different nations which composed his army. This political and military phenomenon is renewed in our days : soldiers from almost all parts of Europe, collected under the same colours, are rivals only .0 zeal and devotion. It is thus that genius shows, in all times, the same resources, and astonishes its contem poraries with similar prodigies . klistory will, above all, remark those eminent qualities of his Majesty the Emperor ; his skilful foresight, that dives into funs, rity ; and his promptitude in repairing 'his losses, which never was possessed by any other General ist an equal degree. Already 20,000 horses are collec• ted in the different depots ; already the artillery is io a formidable state, and provisions of all kinds arrive in abundance, A few weeks will be sufficient to put the army in a far more brilliant situation than it has ever yet been ; and what should, 'above all, dissipate every • kind of inquietude, is, that the health of his Majesty the Emperor has not suffered the least alteration its the midst of the fatigues attending the campaign. By letters fiom Wilna, dated the 18th, we are in formed, that every thing necessary for the relief of the sick and wounded, and useful for the necessities of the whole -army, has been • foun d in that city... Within three months the magazines have been filled, and an easy communication exists between the lines of the magazines of the army. People recently latived from Poland confirM this intelligence; and add, that there are larder quantities of supplies of ammunition and provisions of all kinds in the diffe. rent magazines than are necessary to support the army through the whole of the winter. The last Bulletin from the Grand Army was rtied about the streets of Paris the day before yesterday. There have been sold 80,000 copies of it. If we con. cider, besides the great number of person Who read the daily piper, or the fixed tpulletuts, we. ary easily • I c E i A