Star. — London, England, 1812-05-20 00:00:00

CHINA TRADE. On the let of June will be published, in 4 vols.. Bvo. containing 60'plates, price XS. .2.. a few copies coloured like the draw ings. Dedicated to the Deputation of Merchants for opposing the Renewal of the India C o mp an y' s Ch arter, C HINA: its COSTUME, ARTS', and MANU FACTUREg. Edited from the Collection of M. Benin, with Observations Historical and Literary. Printed for Stoekdale, Junior, 41, Pall-Mall ; and Butler, Col leg4Green, Also On 4th of June, in 1 vol. 4tn. price 16s. boards, The Emerald Isle, a•Poem. With Notes liiitorical and Bio graphical, and a beautiful whole length Portrait of Brian, King of Ireland. By Charles Phillips, Esq. Barrister-at-Law, Author of Consolations of. Erin, and Loves of Celestine and £t. Aube/E. • Dedicated by Permission, to the Prince Regent. RENEWAL OF THE EAST-INDIA CHARTER. This day were published, By Black, Parry, and Co. Leadenballitreet, pAPERS respecting the NEGOCIATION for a - 11 - RENEWAL of the EAST INDIA COMPANY'. EXCLU SIVE PRIVILEGEq, printed by Order of the Court of Directors r for the la< rmation of the Pi'oprletors, two. price 3s. 6d. 2. Correspondence and Proceedings in the Negociation for a Renewal of the East-Inaia Company's Charter, gym price Is. 6d. 3. Report on the Negociation between the Honourable East- India Company and the Public, respecting the Renewal of the Company's Exclusive Privileges of Trade fot 20 years front March 1794, by J. B:uce, Lbq. M. P. F.R S. &c. &c. 410. 15v. boards.' 4. Annals of the Honourable East-India Company from their Establishment by the Charter of Queen Elw.abeth, 1600, to the Union of the Lando). and English East-India Company, I 707-8. By J. Brocq, Esq. M. P. F. R. S. &c. Bke. 3 vols. ito. b€ 4. 10s. cr on Royal Paper. X 6. Gs. tzr FRENCH PdPERS.. PARIS, MAY 9. • The Emperor set out to-day to proceed and inspect the grand-army collected upon the Vistula. Her Imperial Majesty will accompany his Majesty to Dresden, where she expects to enjoy the happiness of seeing her august family.; she will return at the latek in July. His Majesty the King of Rome will pass the sum merat Mcudnn, whe r e he has been for a month. The teething is entirely completed, and the King enjoys the most perfect health. He will be weaned at'the end of the month. METZ, MAY IL_ Their Majesties, after having slept on the 9th at Chalons, where the Emperor gave atidience to the different Functionaries of the Department and Town, arrived yeiterday at three o'clock at . Imme diately after his arrival the Emperor mounted his horse, reviewed the troops, and visited the fortifica tions and arsen4l. At 7 o'clock his Majesty received the Civil and Military AuthOrities. This morning at t*o o'clock their Majestie; set out for Mayence in excellent health. )311111.1N, MAY S. On the 2d inst. his Excellency . the Duke of Reggio left us to proceed to his' ulterior destination. Senn days before, the greater part of the . 2o Corps d'Armee, whiff is under h!s Orders, ' consmerteed their March. .Bls.-Exellency has acquired, dUring hit stay here; a • general consiLleratinn, and merits the thanks of all.the qithabitants of this capital, for the discipline afizi good order which the troops under his command have ob seried.' Vivre was not the • least excess committed; =- the least complaint to make. • - . Y• VI72•INA, MAY 2. - • Fier Imperial Majesty is to accornPanyler august spouse to Dresden, shimld the French Empress arrive `in that town with hi Emperor Napoleon. FARIS, MAY 11. The Prince of Neufchatel accOinpanies his Majesty on lua journey. Marshals Monier and Beisjereshaye also set out for the Grand Army. . • BERLIN, MAY His Majesty has by a Cabihet Order of the 24. th of • April, of a commission tti be established in this capital, to settle clay thing that relates , to thesub. aistena and Jotiging•cf the-French and allied troops, onehfir march. Government has entered into con tracts for a zensiderable numl:er of hotsei for the hefty cavalry, light horse artillery, and baggage., Taiey are to be delivered here, at Glogau, Marten - lin, and Warsaw. NAPLES, A r m. * 4. Yesterday, his Majesty reviewed the troops . who form the contingent, which is to set opt for the grand ariny of die Emperor and King.' Their were ani- J• pi a re: el by the best spirit, and composed of She 6tieit yojahs. The intelligence being spread that this review 'would speedily be followed by the departuire of the reOments which were to have the honour of constr. hating a part . 6l the French antlies, caged to con. soliclate the deStinies of the Continent, the battalions who thought they were not to leave the kingdom, de. manded the favour of marching with their brothers in arias, and fighting by the side of.the first soldiers in the world. FRANKFORT, MAY 6. His Serene Highness the Prince Viceroy of Italy arrived here yesterday. After dining with Count Taxtler he continued his journey. MAy 5. Hospitals are establishigg Marienwerder, Mo. . rtenburg, Elbing, and Poplin, for the French and allied. trcops. SEIGNITZ, MAY 1. The battalion of velites, the grenadiers of the guard of honour, and of the Italian guard, arrived here this morning, as well as a detachment of infantry, forming part of the Italian guard. The day before yesterday arrived a'considwable convoy of waggons, laden with biscuit, which again proceeded this morning. A courier, dispatched by the rrince of Neufchatel, arrived the day before yesterday, at Glogan, bringing pn order for all the troops who compose the'4th corps d'armee to go into cantonments until further orders, in Lower Silesia, and to the Italian guard to return to their forrner cantonments. FRANKFORT, MAY 10. - . A part of the suite of his Majesty the ling of Naples passed through this place to-day. • VIENNA, MAY 2. It is said that a corps of 20,000 men, infantry and cavalry, will assemble in Upper Hungary, near the Krapach mountains. METZ, MAY 11. An immense concourse or citizens, of all classes, threw themselves in the way of the passage or their Ilajestir, who: were able to read in their faces the J • " _ - I. 10. truest hpressieu of the joy which animated every I heart. His Majesty expressed himself satisfied with the organization and fine appearance of the Cohort General. The illumination was spontaneous and magnificent, and such attnight have been expeced.l The Moniteur of the Bth of May gives a translation of the Declaration published by the English Govetn ment, on the '2lst of April, to which, at certain pas sages, it subjoins the following Notes: " From the time that the progressive injustice and violence of the French Government made it impossible for his Majesty any longer to res•rain the exercise of the rights of war within their ordinary limits, &c." Note I.—" To what purpose is it to talk of the ex ercise of the rights of war being restrained within their ordinary limits ? Has war then any rights over neutrals ? , --has maritime war different rights !from war by land ? But may not the exercise of these riglits be limited, without producing consequences de rogatOry to the rights of the Crown of his Britannic Majesty ? What right does that Crown give him over neutrals ? If the Scheldt, Holland, the Hanse Towns, amg the greater part of the coast of the con tinent of Europe, have lleen united to France, the British Crown has certainly a right to trsat as ene mies those countries and their coasts, because they hive become enemies ; but what right can it claim to act with hostility against the commerce, vessels, property, and sovereignty of the United States ? Be cause France has conquered Belgium, the exercise of the rights of war cannot be rettrained within its ordi. nary limits with respect to America ! What singu lar logic ! Tho:e measures whic,ll the conduct of the enemy rendered unavoidable, bis Majesty has at all times professed his readiness to revoke, as won as the decrees of the enemy, which gave occa sion to t h em, shall be formally and unconditionally repealed, and the commerce of neutral nations restored to its accustomed course." Note 2.—" The notes of Mr. Foster to the Govern mcr,t of the United states sufEciew 4 / explain what England means by the commerce of neutral nations beiiq restored to its accustomed con rse. restore the 'comnfterce of neutral nations to its accustomed course, it will be neccairy to destroy the manufac tures of sugar from beg -root ; to root up the woad which is to furnish the Continent with indigenous in digo ; to prohibit the culture of cotton, and those numerous Manufactures which will replace the pro duce of English industry, and which have made su c h ' a rapid progress in France, in Austria, in Saxony, and in Italy. England must be allowed to protect by her tariffs the produce of her cultivation and in dustry ; and while she lays a duty of 260 per cent. on the wines of France, and 50 per cent. on - the linens; while she prohibits silks and linens, France must re-. ceive the spun cotton, hardware, hosiery, printed linens, clot) , , and kersimeres of England, and not lay a greater duty than from five to ten per cent.. Then will commerce be testored to its accustomed owner. 'Them is what the English Government meant, as has been perfectly explained by the notes of Mr. Fos ter, to which the American MinisteT has replied with I as Much &toners as talent. 61 When the argum ants of Mr. Monroe, hitherto , victorious, shall have beep refuted, we shall see what is requlred to give the preponderance to the. sound Clothing of the American Ministei-. In demanding that the commerce of neutrals shall be restored to its accustomed course, England means that she will' mare use of neutrals to influence, by their means, the municipal, tariff of her enemy—that the neutrals stall oblige France to receive English merchandise, and lend their support to England, to enable her to add the universal sovereignty of the land to that of the sea. The answers of Mr. Monroe to this singular Claim have such a character of st rength and truth that we can add nothing to ahem. " The fundamental principle of the rights of neu trals, is, thin the flag covers tligoods. It resulu from this 'principle, that . English ..merchandite under the American 'Hag, is ~ ...nictican : but it - does not folksy that English merchandise, become American under the American flog, acquires - other tights than Ame rican merchandise itself. how American met than. dize is subject to the legislition of the-custorni is France, ju thb same manner as French merchandise is subject' to the legislation of the customs in Ame. Topretend that English merchandise, because,. it is under an Arne' lean ceases be be subject to the legislation of the French customs, is to advance an untenable claim. We arc entitled to treat English derchindize, become 'American, as French merchan. dize is treated in London. There merchandises are subjected 'to the laws of the two countries ; but as rultg as they are on the seas, they participate In the independence of the flag that castles them, and they cannot be subjected to - the legislation of any authori whatever. England has a right nisito'receive Fre n ch merchand.Se , n hich the American flag renders Ame rican ; but she has not a right to prevent a vessel of the United States to traverse the seas with such or such 'merchandise, because the neutral fiat covers the merchandise, and war cannot give any right whatever to a power over neutral's." " At a subfequent period of the mar, his Majesty, availing himself of the then situation of Europe, &c." Note 3.-- , 6 All the words of this paragraph excite indignation. Was it in Great Britain, in her posses sions, in her rivers, that neutrals were to submit to the decrees of St. Jaines's ? No : it was upon the ocean ! The ocean then . belongito the British Crown, since she has subjected it to her laws ; because the vessels which traverse it must obey her Decrees of Council. Where is the act—where is the authority which Las conceded the ocean to England ? We have heard of such pretensions being laid to inclosed seas, such as the Black Sea and the Baltic ; but, till the present day, we never heard that the ocean, like the Thames, belonged to England, and that the ships of, .the whole world -were subject to -her regulations, to her restrictions, as if they carried the English flag. Any power that has not lost, renounced all sense of her own destiny, will not submit to 'this pretension. It would most cereainly.be better to declare the King of England universal Sovereign." ' • .. " The Ordersih Council of the month of Apri . 1,1809," Dec. Note 4.-- ,, It is very just that all the countries in corporated with France, or of which she is in posses sion by the presence of her armies, should - be neated as enemies by England. These countries' cannot be neutral towards her. But 'what has this iftcontestible right to 'do' with the C.:Ottomans—the Aniericans2— Is Turker.-is America an integral part of France'? , _ • .... -Are thLrgenpied by her troops ? One cannot ion ceive w hat motive has led to a declaration, every line of which demonstrates the monstrous absurdity of the pretensions of England, and the injustice of hercause." " The United States of America net:ertbeless remained die. satisfied, fice." _ _ Not; 5.—“ The Berlin and Milan Decrees have been solemnly revoked in respect to Amnion, with out clauses or restrictions, which is proved, Ist, by the letter of the Grand Judge, dated November 2, 1810; 2d, by the letter from the Minister of Finance of the same day ;. 3d, by the Decree of the 28th of l April, 1811. The effects followed the revocation, land the ships seized in consequence of the Berlin and Milan Decrees were released. The motives for this revocation and its execution are known throughout all Europe. The notes printed by Mr. Pinkeney and Mr. Monroe, have repelled with equal force and logic the unjust system of England. The Legislature of the United States has interdicted English com merce, the coasts have been armed, and the country men sofa Washington, animated with his spirit, are indignant it the yoke of lead which England wishes to throw over them, and have shewn themselves ready, by force of arms, to support their rights.-- From this moment they were no longer in a situation which allowed the Berlin and Milan Decrees to be applicable." 64 That tho enemy has at loath hid aside all ditsimulation." Note 6.—" That is false.; there is not a single er. ample to prove that these decrees continued to be in vigour, unless that crowd of vessels, which, leaving London, laden on English account, and furnished with fake papers, appeared in the Baltic under the flag of the United States, are to be considered as Americans. These ships had nothing in common with America, who disowns all vessels sailing under an English convoy, taking orders from an English Commandant. The flag of a convoy is naturally that of tile Commander who conducts and convoys if." " By these and other demands, atc." Note 17.—.4 What, then, are those natural and in comestible rights which maritime war affords over neutrals? Are not neutrals excepted from the right of war ? Is not then the ocean their common pro perty I No, the ocean belongs to the English ;it is equally English as the Thames. Such are the rights which the Cabinet of London calls natural, incon testable. Such is the - principle up on w hi c h the de-I cla7ation of the English Government stands." Note B.—" This antithesis is not exact: according to the principles of the treaty of Utreeht, of the arm ed neutrality, and of all the treaties which constituted the public right of Europe to 1806, the ships of all' , neutral nations could securely cross the ocean with all the produce and manufactures which were not contraband. If the produce of the soil and mann factares of England is excluded from countries occu pied by France, in a similar manner the produce of the soil and manufactures of France is excluded firm those countries to which the power and arms of Eng land extend; French goods are prohibited in the Eng lish colonies, and English goods are prohibited in France. This has nothing to do with the maritime rights. The right of neutrals is not the right to co n • travene the Custom-house laws of the people with whom they trade. If neutrals carry silks to Eng land, they are not received: if stuffs or English cot ton is brought to France, it is not received : when they are upon the French. or English territory they are subject to the custom laws : they must conform to the right of the territory and laws of the sove reignty ; but when upon the ocean, they are, if one may be so allowed to express himself, upon a terri tory which belongs to all, and the sovereignty of which belongs to no.one. But England dictates and executes her laws upon the ocean. She declares, tllerefore, tar the ocean belongs to her. Are not crimes committed upon the ocean judged in West minster, as if they had been committed in the suburbs of London ? Let us not despair of seeing the English system completed by the promulgation of this new law, which would be neither worse conceived nor More unjust than the_Orders in Council." " Such wellse demands to which the English Government, &c." Note: 9 and 10.—" We ask ourselves whom Eng land, in using sucb reasoaing, wishes to convince ? Is it Cabiaiets ? but they know all the . treaties which relate to the sovereignty and independence of nations. Is it the Americans ?--but they cannot succeed in making enlightened men, who have r'plied to the English Ministers with a superiority of talent equal to the soundness of their cause, adopt such false principles. • • 46 We must repeat even to society the same an swers, because the same reasoning is incessantly re pea.ted. France exclndes from her territory every , thing English, for the same reason that England es-, clu&s from her territory every thing French. But the ocean is not the English territory. England has the inconteslible right of not considering as neutral,j countries subject to the power and laws of France; as France has a right not to consider as neutral,' countries subject to the power and laws of England. But what have these aiutent, natural, incontestible principles to do in common with the rights of flags truly neutral which navigate the ocean How eau they. be applied to the Ottomani, the Americans, , whose territories are not occupied by France, and' who are not subject to her laws ? England in her moderation opposes but a single principle to these principles ; that is, she regards herself as proprietor, mistress, and sovereign of ocean," " The pretext fur these extravagant demands, dte." Note 11.—a The ankles of the peace of Utrecht, to which almost all the maritime powers, viz. France, England, Spain, Portugal, Prussia, Holland, 4tc. agreed, were from that period considered as the basis of the rights of nations, for European nations. They were founded upon the same principles as the prioipal anterior treaties; particularly the treaty of 1650, between Spain and Holland ; the treaty of 1654, 6etween England and Portugal; that of 1665, be tween France and England ; she treaty of the Pjre nees, concluded in 1657, between France and Spain; the treaty 61'1667, between Spain and England; ' treaty of 1668, between England and Holland; that of 1674, between Spain and Holland ; that of 1671, between England and France. The treaty. of Utricht really became the code by which the laws of all the maritime nations of Europe were confirthed. Irser"- ee4 as the bisis of Xll posterior treaties; to that of 1713;1;oetweers France and Denmark; of 1714, be tween Spain And fialiodi of 1725 1 between Spain . • and the German Empire; of 1734, between End and Russia; of 1739, between France and Denmark ; of 1.740, between England and Sweden; of 1742, b e . tween Sweden and Dennurk, and Denmark and Spai n; of 1748, between Denmark and Naples; of 1752, b e . tween Naples and Holland; of 1756, between Naples and Geneva; of 1766, between England and Sweden. of 1778, between France and th e U n i te d S tates; ee 1780, for an armed neutrality between Russia, Sae. den, Denmark, and Holland ; of 1788, between England 4n4 Sweden ; nnd the same year betwe en England and France, between Russia and the Otto. • man Porte, between Sweden and the United States; of 1781., between Austria and Russia; of 1785, be. tween France and Holland, between England and Prussia; of 17SG, between France and England; of 1800, between France and the United States. •' The treaty of Utrecht, founded on anterior tree. ties, consecrated by all subsequent treaties, pre ees ee i , in a solemn manner the principle co n s tant l y a d op t by all the States of Europe, is justly considered as tbik common law of nations." " To wee /crate a result so advantageous to bath countries," Az 4' We leave to the Americans to appreciate this pe. ragraph. The Betlin and Milan Decrees hare bee t revoked with respect to them, really and without se: striction ' by the Decree of the ,28th of April, 1811 1 because the United States are in decl are d hostility et the British Oiders in Cour i:;1 pf 1806,1807, and 111* These otaer.l, which have been produced is delirium of ambition, meet have for their conseq uato The ruin of Eaglanil—th e ir revocation will be cially useful. ' We have been ne'reason to be solid. tons fur it.; but we have much reams to thank sin. Icercly those who issued them. They thought to kr, a profit of five or six hundred millions on this c m . s4mption of all Europa; and they have hit their com. merce, and destroyed their industry, while the Was. try of the Continent ha's made the most rapid pro. giess. The effects of the British Orders in Council have been to excite an emulatipn far beyond,alu; could have been foreseen. France, the Grand Duchy of Berg, Saxony, anti Austria, have manufactured all that the English ma. nufactured, and have brought their pToducts co a pet. fccticn which equals, and sometimes even sum% that of England. But it is not only to the indastry of the Continent that the British Orders in Council have been profitable.—several of the commodities en known before the discovery ef America, of which Eus rope stands in need, and which were thought to be the exclusive produce of the other hemisphere, hart been discovered in indigenous substances. • ss Indigo from woad supplies Ike place, at achaper rate, of American indigo: Beet-root will be to the North what the sugar-cane was to the South. Euro peans will no longer have to gb and vegetate undo burning climates, or expose themselves to die of the yellow-fever. The Continent, enclosed with sew riches, has freed itself from the tribute which it paid to English commerce. The impulse has been give. by the British Orders in Council, and t h e progress has been rapid. if it is not stopped, Europe will soon have no longer need for the commerce and in durry of England ; and what will then become of that scaffoldage of English finances ? What shall supply funds for the annual loans of 500 millions, without which the public service cannot go on ?--; What will become of that system which discredit has already almost extinguished, and that immense poi% 1;c debt, which absorbs more than half of theregulsr. revenue of England in times ofpeace and proTerityi " But if st any time hereafter," Note - 13. — "t The autfiOr of the declaration par. posely forgets the proclamation of blockade uponpa• per, -notified 16th May, 1806, by Mr. Fox to Mr. Monroe, and afterwards renewed every three months. It was in reprisals for this declaration, whieh bloc. kaded whole coasts, that on the 21st of November following was issued the Berlin Decree, which de clared the British Isles in a state of blockade. If Ecg , land revokes her declaration of the 16th of May, the decree issued at Berlin on the 21st of November, 1806, which was but an act of reprisal, will be MO* ked as a matter of course. If the 'English Govern. !Milt revoke their Orders in Council of the Ilth of *::overnber, 1807, the decree issued at Milan tie 17dt of December following, which was but an act of re. prisals for the Orders of Council, will be evoked if `course. is The new declaration of.the English rimmed is supported by false assertions and false reasookgsi it is contrary to sense ; it is all pretence to endeavor to raise doubts relative to the avocation tithe lin and Milan decrees in respect to Mimic's kilo been solemnly pronounced. France has not nallid till the British Orders in Council were revoked, 1D revoke her decrees ; because America, by annals-11 with prohibition English commerce, has supports' with &Omen rights equally important to her as kt political constitution and independence. In *MA would be better for the United States to, deckle themselves subjects of Great Britain, renounce dot existence as a nation, which has cost them so NM blood, and so many herefic actions, and become,* pendent upon England, like Jamaica, as theO the w terests of its inhabitants would have thermal.' of civil laws rather than the acknowkdging of Onkel in Council, which are a true uniting of the empisoll the ocean to the crown of England. • 41 When the Berlin and Milan Dectem we. lo yoked in respect to America, did England 'Mob her Orders of Council of 1807 and 1809 ? Hate oven revoked them, she would have done nag* Unless she had at the same time revoked the decloMeiee of the blockade upon paper of the 16th of May, 10 161- kr it England can. declare a whole coast in a sue of blockade, she may place in a state Of bkibar, entire Europe, and drive all neutral ships int 0.1 1.4 ports ; without the revocation of the blockae e 1806, that of the Orders in Council of 1907 ED'W 1809 would be illusory. This Proposition has 'demonstrated to a certainty in the notes, ip ibe American Ministers. skilful ia defending tiehts, have carried their force or reasoning ro,___lP" Itavatiori of character which denotes a good elk" What FrAnie has done for America, 'thy Acts of 1806, 1807, and 1809, hive Itioher4 she it willing to do fur any other rya& Let . England hvoke hei new legi ikieltade and her Orders in Council, and theß r it mad Milan Decries will he annulled, a'nd alt now Ousted in France as they were previous to 011it - Watr. ii • J