Star. — London, England, 1830-01-08 00:00:00

", • • . :•empted but with the utnatoi phi, legisledis In -egsrd to any branch of Industry. afeolkag he mdse. sod by which ota capital may be transferred tonne diennele, must always be pro. Juctive of hazardous speculation. and lees. In deliberating. oberefore, on these interesting subjeleo, local treillage and prejudices should be merged In the patriotic determi nation to promote the great interests of the whole. — All attempts -o connect them with the party conflicts of the day, are necessarily ;ujurious, and should be discountenanced. Our actio9Jl,oll diem should b- under the control of higher and purer motives. Legis- Winn, stbjected to such influences, can newt' be just, and will not, long retain the sanction of a People, whose active patriotism is not bounded by sectional limits, nor issessible to that spirit of etiiiiio s;an and forbearance, which gave life to our political compact, and .tiU suoains it. Discarding all calculations of political ascendancy, the North, the South, the Rest, and the West, should unite in dimirishing any both's, of which *kW may justly minsplain. The agricultural interest of our country is so essentially eon reefed with every other, and so superior in importance to them all, that It is scarcely necessary to invite to it your particular attention. It is principally as manufactures and commerce tend to increase the value of agricultural productions. and to ezteod their applica tion to the wants and comforts of society, that they deserve the fostering care of Government. Looking forward to the period, not far distant, when a sinking fend wit) no longer be required, the dudes en those articles of im portation which cannot come in competition with our own pro ductions, are the first that should engage the attention of Cowes, in the modification of the tariff. Of these, tea sod coffee are the most prominent ; they enter largely into the consumption of the country, and have become articles of necessity to all classes. A reduction, therefore, of the existing /Jades, will be felt as a com mon benefit : but, like all other legislation connected with com merce, to be efficacious, and not injurious, It should be gradual and certain. 'fhe public prosperity I. evinced in the increased revenue arising from the sales of the public lands, and in the steady maintenance of that produced by imposts and tonnage, notwithstanding the addi tional duties imposed by the Act of 19th Pday,lllin, and the unusual importations in the early part of the year. The balance in the Treasury on the first of January. ISM was bye millions nine hundred and seventy-two thousand four hundred and thirty-five dollars and eighty one cents. The receipts of the - torrent year are estimated at twenty-four millions eli hundred and two thousand two hundred and shiny dollars, and the expenditure for the same time at twenty-six millions one hundred and sixty four thousand five hundred and ninety-five dollars; leaving a be lance in the Treasury on the first of January nest, of four millions four hundred and ten thou-and and seventy dollars and eighty one cents. There will have been pald, on account of the public debt, during the present year, the sum of twelve mUlloo dollars and eighty cents ; reducing the whole debt of the Government, on the first of January next, to forty-eight million Ave hundred and sixty-live thousand four hundred and six dollars and fifty cents, !ulna's seven mil lions of five per cent stocks, subscribed to the Bank of the United States. The payment on account of the public debt, made on the first of July last. was eight millions seven hundred sad fifteen thousand four hundred and sixty-two dollars sod eighty-seven cents. It was apprehended that the sudden withdrawal of so large a sum from the banks in which it was deposited. at a time of unusual pressure in the money market, might cause much injury to the interests dependent on bank scconamodadons. But this evil was wholly averted by an early anticipation of it at the treasury, aided by the judicious arrangements of the Officers of the Bank of the United States. This state of the finances exhibits the resources of the nation in an aspect highly flittering to its industry, and auspicious of the •ability of Government, in a very abort time, to extinguish the • public debt. When this shall be done, our population wW be re lieved from a considerable portion of in present burthens; and will find not only new motives to patriotic affection, but additional means for the display of individual enterprise. The fiscal power of t he States will also be increased. and may be more extensively ex erted in favour of education and other public objects; while ample means will remain in the Federal Government to promote the ge neral weal, in all the modes permitted to its authority. After the extinction of the public debt, it is not probable that any adjustment of the Tariff, upon principles satisfactory to the people of the Union, will, until a remote period, If ever, leave the Go vernmeot without a considerable surplus in the treasury, beyond what may be required for its current service. As then the period approaches when the application of the revenue to the payment of debt will cease, the disposition of the surplus will present a subject for the satins deliberation of Congress; and it may be fortunate for the country that it is yet to be decided. Considered in connexion with the difficulties which have heretofore attended approximations for the purposes of internal improvement, and with those which ibis experience tells to will certainly arise, whenever power over such subjects may be exercised by the General Government, it is hoped that it may lead to the adoption of some plan which will reconcile the diversified interests of the States, and strengthen the bonds which unite them. Every member of the Union, in peace and in war, will be benefited by the Improvement of in land navigation, and the construction of highways in the several States. Let us, then, endeavour to attain this benefit in a mode which will be satisfactory to sit That hitherto adopted has, by many of our fellow citizens, been deprecated as an infraction on the Constitution, while byothervit has been viewed as inexpedient. All feel that it has been employed at the expense of harmony in the Legislative Councils. To avoid these evils, It appears to me that the most safe, just, and federal disposition which could be made of the surplus reve nue, would be its apportionment among the several States, ac cording to their tattoo( representation ; and should this measure nt.t be found warranted by the Constitution, that it would be expe dient to propose to the States an amendment authorising it. I regard an appeal to the source of power, in case, of real doubt, and where its centime is deemed indispensable to the general wel fare, as among the most sacred of all our obligations. Upon this country, mare than any other, has, in th e Provi dence of GOD, been cast the special guardian ship of the great principles of adherence to written Constitutions. If it fail here. ell hope in regard to it will be extinguished. That this was in feuded to be a Government of limited and specific, and not ge neral powers, must be admitted by all ; and it is our duty to pre serve for it the character Intended by its framers. If expert axe points out the necessity for an enlargement of these powers, let us apply fur it to those for whose benefit it is to be ex ercised, and not undermine the whole system by a resort to overstrained constructions. The scheme has worked well. It has exceeded the hopes of those who devised it, and became an ob ject to the world. We are responsible to our country, and to the glorious cause of self-government, for the preservation of so great a good. The great mass of legislation relating to our internal affairs was intended to be left where the Federal Convention found it—in the State Governments. Nothing is clearer, in 'my view, than that we are chiefly indebted for the success of the Constitu tion under which we are now acting, to the watchful and auxiliary operation of the State authorities. This is not the reflection of a day, but belongs to the most deeplyrooted convictions dove mind. I cannot therefore too strongly or too earnestly, for my own sense of its Importance, warn you against all encroachments upon the legitimate sphere of State sovereignty. Sostained by its healthful and invigorating Influence, the federal system can never fall. In the concede° of the revenue, the long credits authorised en good* imported from beyond the Cape of Good Hope are the chief cause of the losses at present sustained. If these were shortened to six, nine, and twelve months, and warehouses provided by Go vernment sufficient to receive the goods offered in deposit for secu rity and de cute; and if the right of the United States to a priority of payment out of the estates of its insolvent debtors were more effectually secured, this evil would, in a great measure. be obviated. An authority to construct such houses, is, therefore, with the proposed alteration of the credit/Is recommended to your attention. ell It is worthy anode*, that the laws for the collection and se curity of the revenue arising troth imposts were chiefly framed when the rates of dude, on Imported goods presented much less temptation for illicit trade than at present exiats. There is reason to believe that these laws are, in some respects, quite insuScient for the proper security of the revenue and the protection of the' interests of thou who are disposed to observe them The Windom and demoralizing tendency of a successful 'yenta smuggling, is so obvious as not to require comment, and cannot be too carefully, guarded against. I therefore suggest to Congress the propriety of ad ming 'Seism measures to prevent chit evil ; avoiding, however, as much as possible, every unnecessary infringement of individual liberty, and embarrassment of fair sod lawful business. (In an examination of the records of the treasury, I have been for cibly struck with the large amount of public money, which appears to be outstanding. Of the sum thus due from individuals to the Go vernment; a considerable portion is undoubtedly desperate : and in many Witness, has probably been rendered so by remissness in agents charged with -.lts collection. By proper exertions, a great part, hostrepr, may yet be recovered; and what • ever may be • the portions respectively belonging to . these consc two •classes , it belions the Government ascertain the real state of the fact.' This ' coo be Wine . 11 . .by the pomp adoption of judicious measures hi. the of such se niey I be made available. .11 is believed that a large amount has hewn lo s t through the inadequsey of the mama melded for the corn:-' trio Of debts doe s• thelybile, end Innell=rerf am eektf In the want of lepl skill, habitually sad empbyed le the direction of the Nests engaged in the service. It essuit,• I think, be admitted, that the supervisory power over silts brought by the caucus, whin is sew noted in an aosentadni deer of the treasury, not Winced widin view. to We lewd imenvledge, and en cumbered as he is, with numerous other dude% operateStill‘elif• ably to the puMic interests. It is important that this branch of thepublic @Mkt fieldfieldbe subjected to the supervision of such she us will give it efficiency. The expense attendant ipso mesh a osoillieeffillh of the Executive Department would be justified by the ammiast prinsi• pies of economy. I would recommend. therefore. Shot sea ergs now missed to the Agent riche Tremor!, so far as they mime to the soperiotemience and management distal proceedligli us the part of the United States, be tressferred to the Atteney-Gene ral. nod that this officer be pissed en the same footing. in ill to 'poste. as the heeds of the et s he a r b t=sme—rec=f ied iffie eliva• . and having seek te aeon 6r 16 as may be requisite for the discharge of these ad& The professional skill of the Attorney-General, ea pligredi directing the conduct of await is and district Attorneys, emuld hasten the collection of debts now le suit, and hereafter save Emil to the Government. It might be further extended to the su of all criminal proceedings for °filmes against the oared States. In making this transfer, great care should he taken ' however, that the power necessary to the treasury defile ment be not Impaired, one of Its geeatest securities consisting in • controul over all accounts, until tikey are audited or reported foe suit. In connection with the foregoing views, I would suggest an =whether the provisions of the Act of Congress, audio the discharge of the persons of debtors to the Govern ment from imprisonment, may not, consistently with the public Interest, be extended to the release of the debt, where the coi tion of the debtor is wholly exempt from t he imputations of fraud. Some more liberal policy than that which new prevails, In reference to this unfortunate class of citizens, Is certainly due to them, acid would prove beneficial to the country. The continuance of the liability, after the means to discharge it have been exhausted, can only serve to dispirit the debtor • or where his resources are but partial, she want of power In the Government ro compromise and release the demand instigates to fraud as the only resource for securing a support for his family. He thus sinks into a state of apathy, and becomes a useless drone la society, or a vicious member of it, if not a feeling witness of the rigour and in humanity of his country. All experience proves that oppressive debt is the bane of enterprise, and it should be the care of a republic not to exert a grinding power over misfortune and poverty. I would also.uggest a review of the Pension Law, for the per pose of extending its benefits so every revolutionary: soldier who aided in establishing oar liberties, and who is unable to maintain Murrain in comfort. These relics of the war of Independence have erten claims upon their country's gratitude and bounty. The law le defective, in not embracing within its provisions all those who were, during the last war, disabled from supporting themselves by named labour : such an amendment would add but little to the ant of pensions. and is called for by the sympathies of the people, as well as by considerations of sound policy. It will be perceived that a large addition to the list of pensioners has been occasioned by an. order of the late Administration, departing materially from the roles which had previously prevailed. Consider ing it an act of legislation, I sued its operations as soon as I was informed that it had commenced. Before this period, how ever, applications under the new regulations had been preferred to the number of one hundred and fifty-four, of which, on the 27th of March, the date of its revocation, eighty-se:en were admitted.— For the amount there was neither estimate nor appropriation ; and besides this deficiency, the regular allowances, according to the rules which have heretofore governed the department, exceed the estimate of Its late Secretary, by about 50,000 dollars, for which an appropriation is asked. Your particular attention is requested to that pan of the Report of the Secretary of War which relates to money held In trust for the Seneca tribe of Indiana. It will be perceived. that without lees lathe aid the Executive cannot obviate the embarrassments occa sinned by the diminution of the dividends of that fund, which ori easily amounted to 100,000 dollars, and has recently been invested is the linked States three per cent. stock. The condition and ulterior destiny of the Indian tribes within the limit, of some of our States, have become objects of much Interest and importance. It has aft been the policy of Govern meat to introduce among them the art of civilization, in the hope of gradually reclaiming them from a wandering life. This policy has, however, been coupled with another, wholly incompatible with lea success. Professing a desire to civilize and settle them. we have, at the same time, lost DO opportunity to purchase their lands, and thrust them farther into the wilderness. By this means they have not only been kept in a wandering state, but have been led to look epos us as unjust and indifferent to their fate. Thus, though lavish in Its expenditures upon the subject, Govern ment has constantly defeated its own policy ; and the Indians in general, receding farther . and farther to the west, have received their savage habits. A portion, however, of the southern tribes, having mingled much with the whites, and made some progress In the arts of civilized life, have lately attempted to erect an lade rodeo' Government within the limits of Georgia and Albania. These States, claiming to be the only sovereigns within their terri tories, extended their laws over the Indians; which Induced the latter to sail upon the United States for protection. Under those circumstances. the question presented was, whether the General Government bad a right to sustain those people in their pretensions? The Constitution declares, that "no new State shall be formed or erected within the jurisdiction of any other &ate," without the consent of its legislature. If the General Go vernment is not permitted to tolerate the erection of a Confederate State within the territory of one of the members of the Union, against her coment, much less could it allow a foreign and indepen dent Government to establish itself there. Georgia became a member of the Confederacy which eventuated In our federal union, as a sovereign State, always asserting her claim to certain limits; which having been originally de fi ned in her colonial charter, ma subsequently recognised in the treaty of pease, she has ever since continued to enjoy, except as they have been circumscribed by her own voluntary transfer of a portion of her territory to "se United States, in the articles of cession of Int. Alabama was admitted into the Union en the same footing with the original States, with boundaries which were prescribed by Congress. There is no coo stitutional, conventual, or legal provision which allows them less power over the Indians within t h e ir hoiden, than it possessed by Maine or New York. Would the pprsoo of Maine permit the Penobscot tribe to erect an independentovernment within their State? And unless they did, would it not be the duty of the General Government to support them in resisting such a measure ? Would the people of New York permit each remnant of six Nations within her borders to declare itself an In dependent people. ender the protection of the United &ales? Amid the Indians establish a separate republic on each of their reserva tions In Ohio? And if they were so disposed would it be the duty of this Government to protect them in th e attempt? It the principle involved in the obvious answer to those questions be than. dotted, it will follow that the objects of the Government are re versed, and that it bas become a part of its duty to aid in destroy ing the States which it was established to protect. Actuated by this view of the subject, I informed the India= in habiting pans of Georgia and Albania, that their attempt to establish an independent Government would not be countenanced by the Executive of the United States. and advised than to emigrate beyond the Mississippi. or submit to the laws of those States. Our conduct towards these people Is deeply Imeiveting tow na tional character. Their present condition, contrasted with what they once were, makes a most powerful appeal to OW sympathies. Our ancestors found them the uncontrolled possessors of these vitt re. glens. By perintssion and - force they have been made to,tesre: from river to)iver, and from mountain to mountain, until some Ail the Wheelie,' gnome eatioci, and others left - but remasats to prmerve,for a while, their once terrible names. Surrounded by the whites, with theft arts of civilisation, which, by destroying the resources of the savage; doom him to weakness and decay, I the fate of the Whelan, the Narragansett, and the Delaware, is fast overtaking the Choctaw, the Cherokee, and the Creek. That this fate surely awai ts th em , if they remain within the limits of the States, does not admit of a do u bt. H uman i ty an d Dit t oed honour de mand that every Wort should be made to avert sq great a calamity. It is too late to login whether it was jest in the United States to include them s ad their Walton within the bounds of new States whose limits they add motroul. That step max* be retraced. A State mem be dismemberod by Congress, err ee. , 'evicted in the exercise Oboe emetiatienel Stow • Dm &epee& of these States, and of every Stan by &singe ofjetties and regard for our nadeW hearer, submit to yes the Interesting 'question, whether someiliirs moot be dens, coosithently with the rights of the ikates, to this nrucis-lojnred nee As a means of this end, I suggest, for your ansidera don, the propriety of &Wag open as onigie 4 . 1111:1111 west of Nis. .theippi, and without the links of any smell territory, to be Pe rmuted to the Indian tribes, as leas as the dill meow it ; each tribe having a distinct awns* oar the pert* dr., for its use. There they m a y be assured In th e enjoyment Se of their own choice, subject me Ile o th er maid hens Se United States than such as may be to geeserrepince on the ben tier, and between several tribes, the beesedent may en deavour to teach them the arts of deilleotien, arid, by promothig union and harmony among them, to. Mee up an ietereating mak mottweeith, destined to pespeesate the rem. end to attest the ha inanity end justice of this The emigration shim* be whimsey ; for It would be as cruel es mime to oempd doralimigMee to standee the graves of their fa there, end such alums is a Silent Mod. Due they dimly De gh. tinctly lainene4 dm if they ammbsed within the limits of the State, thel o r mi t e mbl to the laws. In redoub t, turn fur their obe dience, as without be the enjoyment et thine pommies' which they have itnp,,o is their Wintry. But it seems to me 'bloomy to 'upper Ink. this date of thin" aim can be allowed as tracts of eoustry on winch they have Were dwelt nor nude improvements, merely boom love sew them from the neoldWals or passed task k the ohm& to the laws of the Oates, and receiving like ethic a 1.% ipo etestion Is their persons aid property, they will, ere long, bosom merged in the men of ow pspededen. Tits sermagamytai report of the Seendriyof the Navy will make ma atieelmid with the anal= aid mad enoplement of that eirvice.dolig the prows pm Cosolintlesas k does, the bete mendlei murky of this cointry ago* Weep eigraden, it dalms the medal attention of Oefoontenest. b this spirit, the mama which, since the eseminedon et tee last war. hive bun In eperatine for its graded enhopoono, were adagio!' end it giddy antinue to be diddled as the eloping el wet mend en perlinco It wilt be son however. dot seevoltbseendi, the greet sacked* which Is bin nolketed kr the whet eepelsa don of this arm, and the Illbeedlty of the appropladons whisk that has szgested, thisoldeet his, In many important respects, not been sena In time of piece, we have need at no more ships of war than are requisite to the protection et env ceumnerce. Those not wanted for this object mutt lie In the harbours, where, without peeper t e i cli on e b ri ; 3 o g' they . rtheirp ra reurv PidlY d ation ecil , muse7land' even u .don even under become u she selest e loch is t pneau .s already the cue with many of our finest vessels, which, though un finished, will now require Immense sums of money to be rest • to the condition in which they were, when committed to their proper elements. On this subject there can be but little doubt that oar best policy would be, to discontinue the building of ships of the first and seeood class; and look rather to the possession of ample materials, prepared for the emergencies of war, than to the number of vessels we can float in the season of peace. as the index of our naval power. Judicious deposit*. In navy yards, of timber, fashioned under the hands of skilful workmen, and lifted for prompt application to their various purposes, would enable is, at all titres to soastruct vessels as fad as they can be maimed, and save the heavy expense of repairs, except to such vessels as must be employed in guarding out commerce. The proper points for the establishment of these yards are indicated with so much force, in the Report of the Navy Board, that, in recommending it to your attention, I deem it unnoesssery to do more than ex press my hearty concurrence in desk lbws. The and in this dis trict, being already furnished 'debited of the irdeery necessary for alp-building, will be oomptina to She dip* of the two sr lona lsy ebe Beard as the hest for the Oelleellarldsa elmatnelalo ; and ken the hazy end emir/ et esmudalles bows. them, it will be soden is law at dime &pea, the eignie et deallerled• o rbhor,. opeday that Lad peegedng the usual adonis and woden herolture of womb. Slam the het Swims of Congress ammo* frauds on the Tres. sury have bees dleseeered, which I thought it my duty to bring under the cognitions of the United States Court for this district by a criminal premeds& It was my opinion, and that (gable Counsel who were cowshed, that the cases came within the penalties of the Aet of the 17th Congress, approved 3d blareb,lll23, providing for the punishment of frauds committed on the Government oftbeUnited States. Either from some defect In the law or in its administration, every effort to bring the accused to trial under its provisions proved ineffectual ; and the Government was driven to the necessity of resorting to the vague and inadequate provisions of the common law. It is therefore my duty to call your attention to the laws which have been passed for the protection of the treasury If, indeed, there be no provision by which those who may be en worthily entrusted with its guardianship can be punished for the most &grant violation of duty, extending even to the most frau dulent appropriation of the public foods to their own use, it is time to remedy so dangerous an emission. Or, if the law has ►een perverted from its original purposes, and criminals, deserving to be punished under its provisions, have been rescued by legal subtleties, it ought to be made so plain, by emendatory provisions, s to bailie the arts of pervereleo, and accomplish the ends of its original enactment. In one of the most flagrant cases, the Court decided that the pro secution Was barred by the statute which limits prosecution for fraud to two years. In this case all the evidences of fraud, and indeed all knowledge that a fraud bad been committed, were in possession of the party accused until after the two years had elapsed. Surely the statute ought not to run in favour of any man while be retains all the evidences of his crime is his own possession ; and, least of all, in favour of a public altar wise continues to defraud the Treasury sod conceal the treasaaions for the brief term of two yean. I would therefore recommend such an alteration of the law as will give the injured party and the Government, two years after the disclosure of the fraud, or after the accused is out of office to commence prosecution. In caonerion wi• h this subject, I invite the attention of Con gress to a general and minute Inquiry into the condition of the Go vernment, with a view to aseertahs what Ages can be dispensed with, what expenses remedied, and what improvements may be made in the organized= of its various parts, to secure the proper responsibility of public agents, and promote eßciency and justice in ail its operations. The Report of the Secretary of War will mate you acquainted with the condition of our army, fortifications, arsenals, and Indian disks. The proper discipline of the army, the training and equip ment of the militia, the education bestowed on West Point, and the accumulation of the means of defence applicable to the naval force, will tend to prolong the peace we now enjoy, and which every good citizen—more especially those who have felt the miseries of eves a successful warfare—must ardently desire to perpetuate. The returns front the subordinate branches or this service ex hibit a regularity and order highly creditable to its character: both officers and soldiers seemed imbued with a proper sense of duty, and conform to the restraints of exact discipline with that cheerful ness which becomes the profeesiso of arms. There is need, how ever, of furrier legislation, to obviate the inconveniences specified in the report under coosidetadeo, to some of which It is proper that I elsouki call your particular attention. The Act of Congress of the !td of March, 11111, to reduce and fix the military establishment, remaining unezecuted as it re gards the command of one of the regiments of artillery, cannot now be deemed a geld, to the Executive in making the proper ztstment. An explanatory act, designating the elms of out of which this grade Is to be filled—whether from the military list, as existing prior to the Act of 11121, or from it, as it has been fixed by that Act—would remove this dilficsky. It is also important that the laws regulating the pay and emoluments of ofilicen generally should be more specific than they are. Thom, for example, in relation to the Paymaster and Surgeon-General, assign to them an amid salary of two thousand five hundred del. lan ; but are silent es to allowances which, in certain exigencies of the service, marr be hated inagessable to the discharge of their duties. This hes been the authority for nomakg to them various allowesees, at Mann times, under former Mel nistrations : but ne milieu rule has bee. observed on the esl4sct. Similar inconeenieuese exist is other cases; in which the mostroc. don pot spots the laws by die pubic scauments may operate un equally, produce coofiasies, and expose Alan to the idiom of claiming what is not their die. I recommend to your festerbg cars, as sae dale safest mans of national defence, the alikery Acedwey. This bedsides has already exercised die kinks' influence upon the mord end bra lama* character of our away ; and gosh of the grodesses %bees various causes. may not pursue _the profession of arms s will be scarcely less useful as entwine. Tint knowledge of the military art will be advantageously employed in the millthi egreke ; and, in a measure, aims" a that asp et persons the advantages, which, Is this rapist, ban to string anis. Ander impeneement wield be red by dispensing *nether with the Navy liar* es sew eimedated ; and substastiag In Its stead lionass, dinar to these speedy edging in the War De partment. Bah wader of the Nisei tressferred to the heed of a separate bureau, eleseped with spedis dudes, would fed, in its litglint deign. that denime respearailig width asset be dad wishes a far mere than peeper dena dindiesks Milestone. Their vast*, makes would hiss se gdi sago se when se rat* appropiated to dieted pram of the great biereas ado Navy, to the prosperky et /raid seek wail be impilledeedierete biassed by the strongest seedges. Under end an arrangennt every branch of dile important service wield assume a more simple end precise algae*,; its dinner nub be Increased, sad essupubse anew Is the expenditure of pubis gamey promoted. I would also recommend, that the swine corps be merged the srp: duh keimaj, as the best erase( wag the many 'is IN Pm We aned% Is maw ay of the regi• omens labstrk e dist arra Ide, iles he Lieseresmt-Obsel Meat LbutilmmeMtelik, gibs tembe die p Csells = s emelimmats at their anit Mk. widen eirdieleg mak& Dead ter melee make add a well be the infastip or Miry, de re bag so pendia nib tug requisite fer With these Improvenseits,ad sok sena as seise wadifit. use, and mama imuliseedes may seggest, there an be gale ink that, under on airy* eaddstredes el its elliewthe awy may soon be made every ding dot the ads wieleicktieja •les ed • delay in the suppurates of 'kap deWed ism med wherever its gulden have begs imptsped dendlite rsun kranote of the cowry, sal emir tries the aspen of the , to which I ride yes dr el bagembg dada Ames diem I would baps* the amides el empress fee der views pesenied Is end= to the ineipselity 'between the army sad navy as to the pep of silken. No wad hesquilty dada prime between these brave Minden of thdr aunty s sod whim is des sass, it is edemitted is Cenral whether it ought sec to be metes& Thar of the Posangster- Goosed le reterred to es edibles lag a addemory odadditrales of the deportment. Abuse hen nerved; increased orpedides in the trampietedes of the mei amid ; end Ile agora meek impread. Le s poise al dew, die deportment is shady impala% as dare Mew of dlifedeg knowledge. It le to the body politic, what th e aim and maim are to the natural, conveying rapidly and regu. lady, to the roma* parts of the system, correct information of the °panting of the Government, and bringing back to it the wishes end Wigs if the people,—Through Its agency, we have aocnoad es ouserives the full enjoyment of the blessings of a free In pron. dais geseral survey of our affairs a subject of high import ance presents lOW In she present organisition of the Judiciary. An Malw apeman of the federal government in the different States IS molly Aided& ; and, existing as they do in the Union, on th e bade et eqedity, suels date has a right to expect that the benefits andenal es die dime of °then should be attended to hers. The judidel spans of the thiNed Steen mina In ell to didency Im only Moen Illenthere et 'doe Wen ; to three Ohne the Mask Owns, which ceindnale 1111 leipertast pen at del eyelet; have been imperfectly exassded; end to the readies dn. name denied. The offset hoe bait to withheld ikon the klinikents of the latter, the advantages Needed (by she dopreme Out) to disk killow-eidsens in other bates, In the whet. =tent of the winded, and much of the civil salinity aftke Federal Judiciary. That Me state of things ought to be reinsilled, if it can be done continently with the public welfare, bunt to be doubted ; neither la it to be dienuited that the manholes of our judicial system is at once a dna* and delicate tee. To extend the Circuit Cowie elraddy theaegbent the dillimmt pane of the Union, and, at the woe dew, Se said anon a el members as would • messier the fkagresse Award le the object desired. hasps it alight that be i ghetl by Selig the Circuit Judges Me two dines, sad des Sopron* Court should b e kid by them demos . the Chiefindice always presiding. If an eanindon shin Own system to thaw States which do not now enjoy its besides Amid be determined upon, It would. of tonne, be necessary to revise the present arrangement of the drain ; and even if that we no timid not be enlarged, such a revidon is recommended. A provision for taking the mine el the United States, will, to ensure the completion of that with within a convenient time, chins the early attention of Congress. The great and constant Weems. of buboes in the Department of State, forced knit, at an sooty period, epos the attention of the executive. ninon years soas, it was, in Mr. Madames last Message to Congress, made the subject of an ..asst recommenda- Hon, which bas dues repeated by both of Ids eneeseserst and my comparatively baited exporting has gabled err of its justness. It has arisen from many causes, net the ham of which le the large addition that Ins bees mods to the ism.? of independent notheis,aod the peopordensteenemelen steer derelp relsism.The rowdy pro posed was the estaMhbotent eta hems department. a are w hi c h less net leper to have met the ehwe of OatN.ost, le ammo of its seopmedellidasey to Inerran stodgily & imporeepsely the already too lie of the federal system towards** MIMI, of audio sky not ed to it. lam one, therein% disposed to revive the recommendation ; but am not the less Impressed with the im portance of so Organising that department, that he Secretary may devote more of his time to our foreign relations. Clearly satisfied that the public good would be promoted by some suitable provision on the subject, I respectfully invite your attention to it. The charter of the bank of the United States expires in ISM, and its stockholders will most probably apply for a renewal of their privileges. In order to avoid the evils resulting from preci. phoney in a measure involving such important principles, and such deep peassiary interest, I feel that I cameo, is justice to the par ties interested, too soon resent it to the deliberate consideration of the legislature and the people. Both the constitutionality aid the expediency of the law creating this bank, are well questioned by a large portion of oar fellow citizens; and it must be admitted by all, that it has failed In the great end of establishing a uniform and sound currency. Under these circumstances, It such an institution Is deemed essential to the fiscal operations of the Government, I submit to the wisdom of the Legislature, whether a national one, founded upon the credit of the Government and its revenues, might sot be devised, which would avoid all constitutional difficuldes, and, at the same time, secure all the advantages to the Government and country that were expected to result from the present bank.— I cannot close this communication without bringing to your view the just claim of the representatives of Commodore Decatur, his omscers, and crew, arising from the enrapture of the frigate Phila delphia, under the heavy batterks of Tripoli. Although sensible as a general rule of the impropriety of Encode, interference under a Government like oars, where every Wielded enjoys the right of directly petitioning Conroe, yet, viewing Oh case as one of a very peculiar character, I deem it my duty meseemsme4 it to your favourable consideration. Besides the jades el thin claim, as ceeremeadieg to those which have bees sincentelphed sad sat's- Sed,:it is the fruit of a deed of patriotic and &Wake...Wog, which infused life and mildew* integer infant navy, and contributed, as meek as any ezpleit in its history, to elevate our national charac ter. Public gratitude, therefore, stamps her seal upon it ; and the mood should Dot be withheld which may hereafter operate as a In mates to our gallant tars. I now commend you, fellow-cideena, to the guidance of At m:over Goa, with a fall reliance on his merciful providence for the maintenance of our free loodnedone ; and with an earnest sup pliestion, that whatever errors may be my lot to commit, in dis charglog the arduous duties which have devolved on me, will dad a remedy in the harmony and wisdom of your councils. ANDREW JACKSON. Porncatre.—The old Others of the House were re—elected. Mr. Firevermoo received 152 votes. THE EVENING STAR. @a° D ER r CATOS LON DON. FRIDAY. J, PRICE OF STOCKS Rant Stock 3 per Cent. Red. 941 I I 3 per Ct. Om. es ay. 931 II 31 per Ct. 1118. Se per Ct. Red. 100;1 4 per Cent. ex. die. 10111 i 4 per Ct. 18114. 1031 j # Lei Ann. 1911-lurk. Do. 30 Yesn, 19 7-10tbe ANUARY 8. AT FOUR 0 CLCCIC India Stock shut India Bonds 75 4 Old Annuities 21000 Ineb.Bilis (td) 7$ II 4300 Ditto 711 100 end 4100 Ditto 74 Advertised, India for Acct. Cons. for Ace. ask k FOREIGN FUNDS. TWO O'CLOCK. Brun Die. spc Q. 701 11 701 Ditto 100. 341 Do. Aim 71b 70b 11 70) I Hex. Bds.S por Ct. SAMOS Ayres Nis 6 p 0.29 e Do IL 14246 p Ct. N. Do. Ace,3o Ditto Acct. 261 Color. Ns. 6 pot Ct. Port. Bds. f p. Q. 10 Do. DU 1424, 04i From Boods. b p Q. Do. Ace. 241 Do. 1134.1642. bp Ct. 10). Greek 80044,3 p Q. 34 Ryes. Bds. M 1.5 pr Ct. 1001 Do. B. 1065.5 pQ. 341 31 Do. Aec.lo4b Ditto 100, He 4 31 ilk 31 Ditto 114109) BRITISH AND FOREIGN SHARES, TWit ;Eel loco.. moss. WM& Pit SNAP[. Malan Company ,1} Imp. (W. AN pm.) 3 11 5 0 so Do. Notional 25 10 24) Red dol Mane 400 440 74 This afternoon, at two o'clock, s Cabinet Council met. at the Foreign Office in Downing-street. The Council was numerously attended, and continued in deliberation for a considerable period. _ Despatches were this day received at the Foreign Office from Corfu, dated the 14th of November ; from Malta, dated the 24th of November ; and from Gibraltar, dated the 12th of December. The rumours to-day concerning a Ittcnmoorn Admi nistration, we need hardly say, are as unfounded as they are preposterous: with all his imperiousness, we would prefer to bear with the present PRZINIZR, rather than ass him supplanted by a crew of the Standarcrs nomination. We mean no disrespect to the Duke of RICHMOND, when. we my ilipt kb ttllet isessapeteney would prevent us from ever estiotainint it biss et his elevation to the Govonmosat fbr a epoesest. Besides, a knot of colleagues, as the Standard says—allProtestastillOODO, in other phraseology, that they would be all Ovangerms. No, no : we have no desire for an Orange ministry, though ..