Star. — London, England, 1830-09-02 00:00:00

MANIPES PO TO THE SPANISH NATION. (By (he Conatilutionalis(s.) Spaniards ! Semen years are just on the point of concluding, during e Inch oppressed Spain. sunk in an abyss of evils, has patiently waited for some relief from the Government ; but at the end of seven years, the Government. disappointing every expectation, proving more and more deaf to the dictates of reason and experience, becoming more and more blind in its rage for vengeance and in its hope to extirpate all idea of :iberty among us, does nothing but aggravate our miseries, and appears only to desire that this beautiful country should be blotted out of the number of civilized states. It was thought that our oppressors, feeling their fury satiated by the sacrifice of so many victims, would have made some concession, if for their own interest only, to the rights and neces sities of the nation, to the spirit of the age, to the example of other nio. amities, and to the demand of the whole world. But yet you see that, still thirsting for tears mid blood, as incapable of moderation as of amendment, sooner than take measures for the public good, they prefer co convert Spain into a vast desert of sepulchres and ruins. When an unexampled act of violence, insulting to the most sacred rights of all independent nations, succeeded, in 1823, in subverting the political institutions which Spain had founded, which her Monarch had confirmed, and under which we had been governed for three years, ac knowledged by all foreign Powers, the King, in the most solemn man ner, and while at perfect liberty to take and announce publicly, if he chose, a determination to pass over to the head-quarters of the enemy, spontaneously declared his desire " to banish from the kingdom ven geance and persecution, to unite all opinions, to re-establish among all Spanizids tranquillity, confidence and union, so necessary for the common good ; " and spontaneously promised, among other things, " to adopt a government which should make the happiness of the nation complete, giving security to person and property, and civil liberty to all Spaniards." how has this promise, expressly guaranteed upon the faith and se curity of the Royal word, been fulfilled? The pen was still wet which signed that declaration, when another, emanating from the same King, disclosed to us that lie had become the head of a parry; that the rest of' the Spaniards had nothhig else to expect but persecution and misfortune; and that his Government was intended to be more oppressive than ever. Abandoned to passion,—the tool of faction and female intrigues—sup ported by a foreign Power, to the disgrace of national independence and honour—declaring a war of extermination against patriotism and know. ledge introducing or fomenting the most horrible anarchy, in order to inflame us against each other—eliamelessly trampling on all law, and even on the appearance of justice; you have seen this Government convert Spain into a prison, sacrifice h. ndreds of victims, proscribe others by thousands, and condemning to degradation and misery numbers of de serving men, who had served their country and their King with honour, and who could only be charged with having done their duty. You have seen the nation insulted in the persons of its representatives, who were treated worse than criminals, because, faithful to their mission and oaths they endeavoured to prevent the King falling into the power of the enemy. You have seen what pains were taken to demoralize the public, in order that they, who had sown excitement, might take advantage of it ; and how much the church of CHRIST was profaned by being con. vetted into a school of ferocity and barbarity. But despotism was not satisfied with holding the scourge over those whom it looked upon as enemies because they were lovers of liberty. Ever ungrateful, even to its own servants, you have seen bow miserably it rewarded those who, hesitating in their loyalty and ideas of public good, questioned the propriety of the King possessing unlimited power. Catalonia has flowed with their blood, and multitudes of Spaniards lament their lost country hi prisons or in foreign countries. Upon all calamity has fallen, excepting the few who live by public misfortunes. All the abuses which it was endeavoured to reform have been reestablished to a greater extent than ever, and the gates which it was tried to open for your industry and prosperity have been closed ; and, Spaniards ! you are placed at the mercy of judges authorized to inflict what penalty they please, provided they blindly lend themselves to the will of the Government- You are to be il. legally loaded with imposts lisproportioned to your means, fall ing more heavily upon the poor consumer than upon the rich man. But, besides these—besides being oppressed a thousand ways in their collection, and in the exaction of arrears, new and still mote illegal extortions--new monopolies, and new works, and endless vexations,—ruinous speculations, in which those who go vern you, and even some of the Royal family, engage, in order to di. vide your spoils among theme—pernicious privileges put up to sale, or unjustly given away,—the fifths, multiplied unnecessarily and dis. proportionately,—have caus e d y our m i ser y to reach its highest point. And for what are so many sacrifices to be made ? The fruit of your toil is dissipated among parasites, who render you no service, and who look down with proud disdain upon you from the circle of a haughty Court, which insults the public milieu by iniquitous intrigues against the good of other countries, and by expeditions beyond sea, capriciously undertaken, which can never prove of any use to the nation, and which are the derision of both hemispheres. Your sons are, in consequence, dragged forth either ingloriously to perish in pestilent climates, of use lessly to struggle with such sad results as the events which have taken place at Tampico exhibit, to the eternal ignominy of the government. From hatred to liberty, and to the scandal of the whole world, your money has been squandered, in order to ferment civil war in a friendly country, on which its King had bestowed free institutions; and your governors, not content with working evil in secre t, h ave open l y pro j ecte d rebellion, forced you into war, and made the name of Sp a in b e p ronounce d with hat red throughout all Europe. Look at your agriculture ruined in the n idst of abundance by this pernicious Government. Look at the mournful state of commerce, and the other branches of industry. The capital which should give It life has partly vanished from this disgraced soil, in consequence of fierce persecution; and has, from fear of despotism, partly sought employ ment in foreign countries, where a great number of our capitalists, in the enjoyment of security, are so many living proofs of the fatal effects of the system which rannizes over the country. And in the mean time, Spaniards, the national credit,—that credit which is the honour and principal wealth of states,_to what a dis graceful state has it not been reduced by the utter incapacity and im. morality of your rulers, who, not regarding any obligation, have con sidered the most unjust measures as indifferent, provided greater means were supplied for their dissipation ! Cheated by the deceitful appear. acmes exhibited by extravagance, you do not perceive within the king. doh, perhaps, the whole extent of this most serious evil. But go forth and make your enquiries in other countries, especially in the neighbouring one of France, and you will weep teats of blood to learn that your government is looked upon as a band of robbers ; your credit expressly excluded from mercantile transactions in all the prin. cipal commercial places, and the idea that was formerly entertained of Spanish faith and probity, now every where destroyed. Every thing —every thing has this calamitous Government made us lose; independence, liberty, national honour, and pride; security of person and property, the comforts and bonds of society, and many, very many of the virtues which have always characterised Spaniards. They are now disunited, impoverished, oppressed, and miserably enslaved within the kingdom, and the Spanish name, which was a short time since repeated with so much g lo r y and respect in other 133.• lions, is now a taunt, a sad object of comparison or mockery with all the world ; and the title of King of Spain, the reputation of which is of such high importance to the subjects—that title which has been ever lastingly dishououred by those who surround the throne—has become despised and hated among the people, no less to the prejudice of the nation than:to the discredit of the majesty of all other Alonarchs. Behold here, Spaniards the fatal fruits of arbitrary po wer — o f p ower , which, destroying those who endure it, is generally not less unfortunate to those who exercise, or rather to those in whose name it is exercised • for in such case, princes, pos s e sse d o f less liberty and effective cont ro l t h a n ever, become nothing else but the instruments of the wicked persons who surround them. Arbitrary power reduced the monarchy from the high and powerful condition in which it formerly stood, to the state in which it was left by Godoy. Arbitrary power destroyed Charles IV. notwithstandingp, his goodness of heart, and launched Spain into a sea of troubles. The favourers of this power convened Ferdinand into a bad son, a conspirator against his King and country; and scarcely had he occupied the throne when they made him lose it, and so far dishonour it as to throw himself at the feet of an implacable enemy. They then abandoned him in the disgrace to which they had precipitated him ; and if some still accompanied him, it was only tor the purpose of degrading him still more, to congratulate the usurper of his throne, to beg as a mendicant for a family alliance with his oppressor, to boast of the title of vassal to that oppressor ; and to felicitate him on the advan tages he gained over us, while we, with unbroken and unexampled loyalty, were spilling our blood to preserve the throne to the King, who had forsaken, and who then ungratefully disavowed us. Meanwhile the nation desolate and bereaved, in order to prevent bad government from still further injuring her, re-assembled the Cortes, conformably with what public necessity required, and accordingly, as her King had resolved, at Bayonne, when he saw himself ruin e d from the want o f them ; and in the most legitimate mannerre-established and reduced to a regul ar and uniform system her ancient and fundamental law,the oblivion of which had brought us to the brink of a precipice. Those laws were proclaimed and sworn to with enthusiasm and rejoicings, as you well remember, and were solemnly recognized by foreign pow ers . Under that system we began to prosper, and with the help of GOD and .hat of our allies, we triumphed over the enemy, and succeeded in rescuing our King. But they who six years before had led him on to destruction, the ominous satellites of arbitrary power, again surrounded him, and, employing treason and the vilest calumnies, abusing the enthusiasm with which the Spaniards had received their desired monarch, they make him exhibit himself before the whole 'aorld as the most ungrateful of men, begin his reign with decrees of !loud and proscription, end reward our heroic loyalty with chains, and :Le patriotism and energy which had just preserved him with dungeons Ind persecutions. In order once again to enthrone arbitrary power, it was thought ne. ee.sary to add to crime and violence the most hateful mockery, and a toyid decree, which its anchors had filled with the most impudent false mals, in announcing to the nation the subversion of' its institutions, so ismnly declared that the King abhorred and detested despotism, and pro. seised the reestablishment of the Cortes, and also of " laws !reined with their consent, which should for the future govern the country; and that secure'teeny and security, both individu a l an d royal," should be firmly d. How the case has turned out, how the words of the King have been kept, you know, Spaniards —you who had so much to deplore in the Fix succeeding years. Prisons choked up with victims ; tribunals overturned, to substitute in :their place sanguinary commissions; your representative.* entombed in dungeons, and together with other patriots condemned, without trial, without hearing even, by the mere orders of the King, to death, or other punishments e ve n more severe t h an d eat h i tse lf ; perjnry and c alumny encouraged ; the most infamous informers loaded with favour and reward ; the ferocious Inquisition re-estanlislied • torture renewed; your deservin g d e f en d ers treate d w i t h contempt ; an d many of them reduced to famime and nakedness ; the kingdom, go verned by Camarillas, waging war against each other; the glory and consideration which we gained with so much cost in the preceding strug gle, lost in one moment ; Spain held as nothing, and excluded from the consultations of Europe • the public sale of the favours of the Govern. ment ; scandalous dilapidation ; unlimited corruption, and universal misrule • such were the gifts you r e c e i ve d from one who protested that be desired to govern you as a father. At length the nation grew weary of so much suffering, and raised her voice against despotism. What other country has had such just cause to do so ? Nevertheless, ever generous, loyal, and moderate, it cried out only against the vices of Government, preserved the greatest respect for the person and legitimate authority of the King, and stained by no excess that memorable change. Your oppressors, terrified by the na tional clamour, again attempted to deceive yo u , an d aga i n offered to assemble the ortes : but it was too late : they are now too well known. The nation proclaimed the institutions, which had been overthrown by force and perfidy, and the King, united with her, confessed that he had been deceived, adopted and swore fidelity to them, and commanded them to be observed. In vain self interest endeavours to persuade the world that this rising was confined to a few troops. The repeated though unsuccessful attempts which were made previous to 1820, plainly show what the national feeling was; and that feeling was afterwards strongly marked by the fate which attended some bodies of military, who were either destroyed or besieged, by superior forces, without hope of succour, when the provinces simultaneously rose in the most distant parts of the kingdom, and demanded the constitution of 1812. What the real wish of the nation was is sufficiently evident from the joy with which the King's proclamation was received, from the seal and order with which the people proceeded to elect their deputies, and from the enthusiasm which accompanied the opening of the Constitutional Cones. In the midst of those Cortes you beheld the Monarch once more swear fidelity to your laws, in the face of OOD and man, and de clare that that day had been the object of hie must fervent wish... What coercion can it be said compelled "hat act, when he experienced none but sentiments of love and gratitude front the Cones, and applause and benedictions from the work ? The King being then in the enjoy. ment of perfect liberty, all European Powers again recognized the re. stored government ; atol we, generous and confiding. either burying in oblivion all the evils we had suffered in the six preceding years, or not attributing those evils to the King, placed the most unlimited confi dence in his words and oaths, while our oppressors experienced from those they had oppressed nothing hut generosity. tier they were ready to sacrifice every thing for the sake of concord, and the salutary principles accoaling to which we were again to be governed. Then a bright period of tranquillity and happiness broke upon Spain; and the Cones, cordially uniting with the king's Government, were constantly, indefatigably, and zealously employed in bettering your condition, and in preparing a most gratifying prospect for the future. But the King, Spaniards, was not, like you, sincere in the oaths he had taken ; and wi bout firmness, if they were opposed to his wish to refuse them ; or freaness, if the re-established l aws a ny w i se disple ased hint, to attempt their reformation in the regul a r wa y, h e c h ose t h e i g . noble and fatal part of duplicity. Again, but in secret, the ene mies of the public weal, and the lovers of arbitrary power, gained an ascendancy over him, and began to disturb the union be tween the reformers of the State, embarrass the proceedings4of the Cortes, and frustrate the beneficial effects of the laws they were enacting. While the Monarch, too, ostensibly manifested a cordial adhesion to those laws, multiplied :spontaneously, and even o ffi ciously, securities for his good faith, and freely authorised all the acts of Government, he was secretly conspiring, as you now well know, against them, and exciting civil war—provoking e x cesses en pur pose to stigmatize them as the effects of liberty and endeavouring, by every means, to introduce disorder into the public administration. The same hand which was thus stirring up rebellion, also signed the orders for persecuting and puniehittg those who were embroiled in it ; and he who purposely originated dissension, afterwards affected to complain of it. Such conduct, as might naturally be expected, irritated the minds of the people. Discontent increased in proportion as foul machina tions were employed, and the faction, whose prosperity is public calamity, went about exciting discord throughout the kingdom, spreading, in all directions, the foulest calumnies, alarming the conscience of some, destroying the just loyalty of others, and making us, who were not and ought not to be otherwise than brothers, look on each other as an enemy. You, Spaniards, were witnesses of the execrable means employed by these men, and how their blood-thinti nets, even when conquered, was augmented in proportion to the mode ration and clemency of their conquerors. You were witnesses how-in dustriously rebellion was excited, and with what scandalous daring - the very palace of the head of the government was besieged. You were also witnesses of the atrocious baseness with which, upon the defeat of a deserving corps to which every species of seduction had been offered, ha chief corrupters delighted to sex it punished, and even derided it in its misfortunes. These incendiaries, finding how important they were to overturn • system of government supported by its own legitimacy and merit, and by the great majority of the nation, did not he s itate to c omm i t t h e most horrible crime that could be perpetrated towards a country,—a crime the most abominable in the eyes of all men, who have the least idea of national honour and independence—namely, to appeal to the armed intervention of a foteign power, and instigate it to invade the Spanish territory. Let us not awaken resentment by bringing bacleto recollection the conduct which other Oevernn:ents pursutd towards us. It is well known, and the world has already judg.d it. The obligations to us, by which they were recently bound, the positive acts of recognition of our system, the most solemn treaties, the first principles of the laws of na tions, the most indisputable tights of the whole people--the very same tights which have now been recognizsd in a much greater degree with respect to Grecce.—all was merged in hatred of our li. berty, which had offended. which had wronged no one. Money was prodigally scattered about to involve us in a civil war; every kind of machination used to affix on us the imputation potation of having caused dissension • and, finally, a forei g n arm y, without first declaring war, invaded pe aceful and innocent Spain. That army, invited by Spaniards, had its vanguards or auxiliares formed of Spaniards, and your very King, at the moment of calling upon you to take up arms against the invaders, secretly urged them to advance, keeping you at the same time in a defenceless state, sent forth vows for your disasters, and omitted nothing to cover the national banners with ignominy. Oh ! eternal blot in our history ! How deeply ought we not to blush for having lived in such. a time ! Still our foreign and domestic enemies would not have gained much success from their confederation, had they not, by corrupting some, and seducing or deceiving others, succeeded in disuniting almost all ; and had not three generals, to whom had been confided the national I defence, been guilty of the most perfidious treason. The constitutional Government being thus embarrassed, and its authority nullified by so many misfortunes, dispossessed at last of territory, without an army or resources of any sort ; having at its head a King, who was its greatest enemy, was, by the irresistible. force of circumstances, obliged to dis. solve itself; in order to avoid the disgrace of vilely treating with the in. vadcrs. We were sold, sacrificed—but not conquered. Those who raised the song of victory should alone blush at their triumph, and hold down their heads in shame at the recollection of the artifices they used against us. At last those laws which, though not perfect, served to guarantee': our rights, were thus scandalously subverted. And what has been sub stituted in their steal, unless it be the power of violating every decree ' and every law ? The monarchs who united against our constitution, when they interfered, spoke to us not of destroying, but of refonnin g it. What measures have they taken with the King since absolute power was put into his hands, to induce him either to reform the constitu tion, or to establish another more suitable ? Repeatedly, and in the most solemn manner, the chief of the invading army declared in the name of his government, that far from coming to restore despotism, they came to assist us in obtaining a more free and stable govern. went. " The wishes of his Monarch," he said, addressing ours, " were, that by the convocation of the old Cortes, he should guarantee to his people order, justice, and good government ; to conso lidate which France and her allies will do all I n their power."—(Duke of Angouleme's letter to the King, August 17, 1823.) To the na tion he promised, in express terms, that " the King should imme diately grant a constitutional government, in harmony with the welfare of the state and the intelligence of the age—s govern ment, not by Cones with separate estates, but by an equal re presentation in all the provinces. The interest of France, he pro tested, required that this kind of government should be established in Spain for her tranquillity and repose."—(olficial conferences of the Duke of Angouleme and Generals Bourdesoulle and Ouille. minot (authorized by the Duke) with General Maya, the King's Plenipotentiary, at Puerto de Santa Maria, September 7, 1823.) flow have all these formal pledges been fulfilled? Th e r esu l ts whien you have attained so dearly will show better than3any thing what was the real object of the fatal interference. Those results show what a na. tion has to expect who trusts to foreigners foe the cure of her mis fortunes. To deprive Its of liberty, they interfered in the internal affairs of an independent nation, which did not meddle with the government of others. When they saw us once more beneath the yoke, they aban doned us to the mercy of despotism and an insane faction, and never thought of interfering to alleviate our oppression. it is usually regarded' as a crime in subjects to seek to save themselves, and to obtain laws calculated to ensure their welfare; but when their sovereigns are a calamity to them, — when they are reduced in the state to which Spain is,—when, Inste ad of chiefs and fathers, they are tyrants and rum cutioners r —then it is believed that all extras vanishes in the prerogatives of the throne. Do you hope for relief hom the Government ? It is the Government which has caused your misfortunes, and which takes delight in oppres sing you. At a former period, six years' experience defeated all your hopes, and no: six more years have again defeated them. Do yeu look for relief from Ilte foreign powers ? They have interfered only to in. jure you ; and now sonic take pleasure in your misfortunes, while the rest view them with indifference or cold pity. An oppressed nation should never look for effectual and disinterested aid out of her own ter. ritoty : never can an independent people, without dishonouring and compromising their political existence, allow their grievances to be cured by foreign hands. Let us, then, under the blessing of GOD, save ourselves, for nothing can now save u s b ut our own efforts. The nation has b an brought to the brink of ruin, and it is its natural right to endeavour to escape. Oppressed, unhappy, and robbed of the guarantees which the laws con. cede to her, it is her undeniable right to resist, and to seek the meansof recovering the old laws . and liberties, of which violence and iniquity have deprived her. A faction hostile to the country surrounds the King, and' constitutes or directs his government. This faction closes the ears of the monarch to our outcries, and will not allow us to obtain any redress from the throne. We have therefore no other alternative than to rise against that faction, in order that the King may listen to us, and that the representatives of the people being freely assembled, as the rights and grievances of the nation require, may grant and establish, legally and prudently, whatever may be found proper for the general welfare. In doing so, we ate authorised by reason, justice, and urgent neces sity, and mor e o ver by t h e principles acknowledged in Spain in remote ages, the examples which our ancestors have transmitted to us, and the laws of the kingdom. An express compact existed between our ancestors and their King,by which it was stipulated that if he did not defend their rights they might choose another Monarch ; aml they, in swearing allegiance to him, de dared that they would obey him while lie governed them well,aad (f not, no. Because King Suintilla governed them ill, they banished him and his family front the kingdom, and gave the crown to Sisenando, in the 4th concilio or national junta, held at Totals in 663; it was solemnly de creed, with Me e.tribent of the people, that "neither that Prince, his wife, nor children should ever return to the country, or be restored to the honours of which for their iniquities they had been deprived, and that as they had been banished from the throne and the kingdom. as also they should forfeit what they had acquired at the expense of the unfortunate, and should have only what they might obtain from the commiseration of the new King." " For many unlawful and violent acts, deaths, imprisonments, the levying of unjust taxes or tributes, and many other deeds displeasing to Gon, and contrary to justice and law, and injurious to the kingdoms, committed by the King Don Alonzo X.' that 3lonarch was, by a formal sentence of the Cones of Valladolid, in 1282, deprived of the royal authority. It was de creed that he should merely retain the title of King, but that the government should be consifned to his son Don Sancho, to whom the government and the administration of justice were committed, and to whom were delivered the fortresses and all the royal revenues.— Because Juan 11. called French troops into the kingdom, to aid I ' in a civil war, Catalonia declared him to be "a public enemy." Because Henry IV. did not listen to the voice of the nation, " which demanded that he should redress the grievances which the people suf fered, that he should amend his own way of life, and the manners of his household, and reform the government of his kingdoms," the Cones of Avila, in 1463, determined that he should be " deprived of the crown, deposed from the government, and degraded from the royal dignity raid insignia, with the solemnity which reason and the ancient custom of the kingdoms demanded." Our history presents frequent in. stances of the Spaniards having combined, and openly taken up arms against the King, when he abused the power, which, as our laws declare, " was given him only for the common good ;" when lie forgot the obligation which the laws imposed upon him " to be more watchful of his people's welfare than his own—to love and honour the great, the middling, and the low—to mair.tain con cord among his subjects, and to be the dispenser of justice, giving to each one his right. (lAw 9, tit. H. partida 2.) There Is not in Spain a more ancient and authorized custom than this necessary rising of the people to repress despotism when it infringes the national laws. There is at this day In our codes a law by which we arc expressly empowered " to treat as a tyrant even the lcgi. timate monarch who abuses his power by efforts to render his subject weak and timid, by caching discord amontr them to such a degree that they cannot trust each other,—who Lbours to render them poor, crushing thepowerful and destroyieg the wise —who: prohibits in his States associations and deliberative assemblies of the people, and who seeks counsel and security for his person rather from foreigners than from the natives of the country." (Law 10, tit. 8, partida 2.) When a Prince abuses his authority in the manner above stated, the said law expressly declared the people "might call him tyrant," and that the sovereignty, " being turned from right to wrong," was converted from a legal and just government, which it had been, into an oppressive and il legitimate power. Nevertheless, while resolving to be the first to raise the national cry, we do not propose to name another monarch or to ad. vise that the above examples should not be followed. Here follows a series of arguments founded on the history and an cient laws of Spain, to prove that revolt, under circumstances of the infraction of these laws by the King, is justifiable. They then declare they do not propose to re-establish the Constitution of 1812; because they are yet uncertain whether the nation may consider it the most suitable. The manifesto then goes on to explain that no tax can be levied, unless sanctioned by the Cortes. They declare, that they desire a Alonarchical Government ; but one founded on justice, wire institutions, and the affections and pod of the people. The manifesto goes on in an eloquent appeal to Spaniards of all opinions to join unani mously to effect that object which is cf so much Importance to them all. ' It says :—" The sacred call of national independence, rightful liberty, and good government, which should excite in all but one sentiment, di. recta us to gather under the same standard. Heroes of patriotism, and of loyalty in the war of independence, behold for what your blood has been spilt ! Fetters and contempt have been your share; and the blackest ingratitude has blasted your glory !—But you will .not allow the murderers of PoiLtra and LACY—the tigers who tortured to death the unfortunate IMPZCINADO—to outrage you any longer. Lovers of Liberty !—unanimously endeavour to recover it, renouncing all extremes, and every idea of inaccessible perfection. Those who en slave you are the assassins of Rricio. The best way of avenging him is—by making that sacred cause by which he was sacrificed, triumph. Royalists !..—we also are Royalists; we, like you, wish for a King; but we wish, as you no doubt do, that he should govern us welL You men, whose religious seal the malignant abuse, to make you believe, that those who wish the good of the public, are impious, judge, by their conduct, the calumiators and the calum niated. From the fury, depravity, and abominations you have wit nessed, learn now where the real impiety exists ; and contribute to drive from our country those who, even in the name of religion, disgrace it. Nra 'dards ! we leave to the decision of the nation, freely assembled, the questions which have hitherto divided us." We feel that we are al most committing sacrilege, in thus attempting to abridge this truly no. ble appeal of a brave people. We have on this occasion confined ourselves to the most striking passages, under the duty we feel not to exclude from our columns, this day, other matter, which becomes more immediate object of curiosity and deep interest. We shall, however, not tall in giving as remainder, when a convenient opportunity occurs. The conclusion, however, is essential ; it is as follows : Wherefore the Directing Junta of the Insurrection constitute.* it.tlf, for the present, the Provisional Regency ; so that, until the nation is assembled, a Government may not be wanting to execute the laws and preserve public peace; for the King, being in the power of a faction which rules him, is incapable of governing. This provisional regency decrees that all Spaniards, as soon as they become acquaintc . with the present declaration. shall cease to obey and acknowledge as the Govern ment that pottier which, in violation of all lawful obligations, is exercised in the King's name by a few uninitious men, who arc the enemies of the public welfare. It is also enjoined, that in every town in the kingdom, in all the corps of the army, and on board all toe ships in the fleet, the ' Provisional Government of the natio.) snail be solemnly proclaimed as' soon as it is made known, so that all may obey it according to law. The directing junta also ordains that, until the meeting of a national con grow, there shall be no change in the system at present existing fur the administration of justice and finance, in the military service, in the mu nicipal government of towns, and other branches of the state, nor in the interior regulations of those provinces which have particular laws. The only changes shall be the reforms of abuses winch the public welfare demands. It is declared, that the internal Government which is esta blished shall be merely provisional, only held and exercised on behalf of the nation, to whom it is to be responsible for, and to render account of, all its operations. To enable the Spaniards to recover their lawful rights in the exercise of their internal government, it is the urgent recommendation of the Di recti Junta, as it will also be of the Provisional Government, that they should live in peace and amity with the Governments of a ll other nations,religiously fulfil the engagements and treaties they have contracted with them, and seek to strengthen, as far as possible, their reciprocal, commercial, and political relations fee the advantage of all. ALL the public authorities are enjoined, under the most rigid responsibility, to devote the utmost attention to the maintenance of tranquillity and public order, and the generals, chiefs, and officers in the army and navy, are urgently required to establish and preserve, among their inferiors, that salutary discipline without which power is null or prejudicial To all Spaniards concord and respect for the laws is once more recommended. Mould despotism oblige us to have recourse to urns, that despotism must answer foe the blood that may be shed. May Gnu deign to bleu our enter but if, in his high decrees, k should be otherwise' ordained, It is batter to perish with tite satisfaction of having made this attempt, than to continue to live in slavery and ignominy. M. de Chateaubtiand has sent in his resignation as Minis ter of State, and has resigned his pension of 12,000 francs, which was his by right ass peer of France. LOVER, Sept. 1. There has been an increase of arrivals from Fiance the number of passengers e' ceding 200. In the Crusad.l; Post-office packet, from Calais, came his Excellency Manuel E. Gorostiza, Minister of State, flout the United Sites a. Mexico to the British Court. All was quiet in Paris on Monday evening, the workmen having returned to their re spective occupatiocs. lIE ARMY. Colonel Sir Guy Campbell, Bart. late Assistant Qautermiister Ge neral at Armagh, has entered on his unties in Dublin as Chief ()lama. master General. The General Staff of Limerick and Armagh ate discontiaucd from di? 24th instant. Major-General Thornton has lien removed front rile S:aff of the Army in Ireland to the command of the Island of Jersey, in ',lac.. of LicuL.Cleneral Sir Colin Halkett, promoted. NAVAL INTELLIGENt E. The Regent, Knight, from Newca,l'e to Caen, !WS sunk Hen t:lr latter place. The Ororgiana. Bullock, from LOlldißl to Exeter, gut on thole lie. i Beachy Head yesterday morning, soon after went on her side, a.t.: filled with water. Part of the cargo h.,. been discharged, in a ve:l damaged stare. The vessel, apparently, is not much injured, a..a i. is expected will be got off. Dui, Sart. I.—Sai!ed the Ferguson, for Bengal. haler, Aug. 29 and 30.--. Arrived the Ebenezer, Reim:, boil Labrador. &Acucar, Sam I. Arrived the White, Patterson, from Rig,, and Thomas and Mary, Thompson, from Archangel. Livaarom., Aix. 31—Arrived the Iris, Bannerman, from jaMalc ; Missionary, Emery, from Savannah ; Robert Pittsford, Candler, it., Charleston; Atlas, Adams, and St George, Hearns, front Newyork , Benjamin Shaw, Salhursr, Isom Ruguwash ; and Guipetanstta, front Salon. Off the port, the Lycurgus, from Chatietton Carat, Arc 31.—Arrived the Louisa, kJ-Kellar, front TrinitiA Richard, Brown, Dan:op, from Grenada ; Glenhervie, Jones, Ir.. Demerara ; Roger Stewart, Krtr, from Charloton; and LorJ Aber crombie, Black, front Archangel. Dunn', Arc 3O.—Arrived the Erin, &mint from ISarbaJoes , and Mayflower, Atkinson, from Antigua. Hutu., Atm. 31.--Arrived the Mercury, Patbly, front Mirantat.; and Rhine, Watson, front Riga. REDUCTION OF THE RATE OF INTERE:,I` BY THE FAST INDIA COMPANY. The following Notice au communicated to tit • Stock Exclurig,! this atteinoon by Mr. Kennedy, front the It India Company : "The Court of Directors of the United Company of Alerchants trading to the East I::die%, do hereby give no-ize, " That the present rate of 31. per cent. p r a mum, ::ow payable upo the Bonds of the said Evil India Company, trill c...aav and dutetanine ; the 31st day of March. 1831. " That from and after the 31st day of .latch, 18.11, ouch lloi.ds w bear an annual interest of 21. 10s. "The holders of such Bo ids to b allrwel to !wing theri, marked for continuation at the add interest or 21. la, pat e. lit. p;r nttm, until the 3d day of 31:-rch, 1831; a d that ttery such shall not be marked for continvation on or before the 3.1 .I.ly i , f 1831, shall be brought in, and paid off' en the said 31st d..t. of AI :re ~ 1831 ; on which day all interert shall cease." The previous reduction on India Bonds from 4 to 3 p,:r cent s..a carried into effect on the 10th September, 1828. The above notice was a good de.l anticipated in the course of last week, when the premium on de Bonds fell from 88s. to 82s. A doubt subsequently arose whether, in c3nsequence of the great change in fo. reign politics, and money being likely to be more in demand, the East India Company would nut have been induced to postpone the measure to a later period. The contrary, however, appears to be the case, and India Bonds underwent a further depression on the promulgation of the notice front 80s. to 7(n. The closing premium was 775. In Exche quer Bills there was no alteration. The Duke of Cambridge, attended by Col. Keate, one of his Equerries, reviewed the two battalions of the Coldstream lie f :hut-1u of Foot Guards, of which regiment his Royal Highness is Colonel, in Hyde-park, yesterday morning. The troops were under the vomit a.d of Lieut.-Col. Macdonald. Hia Highness, attended by Col. Prott, left town in his carriage and tour about ore dc:o.:k yesterday afternoon, on a visit to their Majesties, at the Palace at Windsor. Previous to leaving tow:, the Duke of Sussex paid a visit to his Royal Highness, at Cambrid,;.• House. The Duke of Wellington arrived in town yesterday after noon, from Widmer Castle, Kent. His Grace immediately proceerkd o his office at the Treasury, vti re the Earl of Aberdeen had an inter view with the Noble Duke. Count Matouchevitz, the Austrian Mini.. tery, had subsequently a confer nce with his Grace. His Exc.!) met afterwards went to the Foreign 0111.:e, and had an inter% itw with tit; Earl of Aberdeen. Lord Burghersh transacted burrness yesterday at Cte Fo reign Office. It is stated that Ambassalors are on the point of proreetl ing to all the Courts to %hick tie accession of Louil Philip has not yet been officially announced, and the following appointments for this pur. pose are enumerated by the Journal des Dclusir viz. the Duke of Montebello, to Madrid z the Prince of the Aloakaa, for Stock holm and Copenhagen • (liners! Valazc, to th e H ague; Co unt Anatole de 3101.w:quip:a, to Rome and Naples ; the Marquis de Praslin, son-in-law of General Sebastiani, to Turin, Modena, Parma, and Florence; the Ala - quis de Dalmatia, to Oldenburgh, Alecklenburgh Schwerin, and Meellenburgh-Sffelits ; 31. de Meunier, Member of the Chamber of Deputies and Colonel of the let Legion of the National Guard, to Munich, Baden, and Stutgard ; Count Rene de Bouille, son in-law of Al. de Thairs, to Dresden, Hanover, (hand Ducal I lease, Electoral Hewn, at d Saxi-Weimar. At the review in Paris on Sunday, just at the inomet:t when the King was 416.er:bating the colours, an old woman asked tine of the by-standera, whether they were s not going to be conmcrated ?-- what good would that do?" Bed he; " besides, t'ley were consecrated on the 29th of July with powder and 'haw—that's better than holy water.** It is very generally expected that Lord Ponsotihy will shortly leave this country, on a special mission to the French His Lordship has, within the last few days, had frequem intitv with the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. Viscount D'Assica, the diplomatic agent of Don Miguel to this country, has had several long confaences with the Earl of Aber. demo, 'apposed to be upon the subject of the seizure of British vest by Portugal THE CITY COMMON PLEADEP.SIIIP..—There are alrea•ls• ten candidates to fill the vat ancy occasioned by the death of Mr. Bur.. naby, viz.-31r. Smith (i f isedeord-row), Mr. Handal!, Mr Rich mond, Mr. Burnaby (cousin of the deceased), 3:r. Ryland, Mr. Hood. Mr. Antlerton, Mr. Kennedy. Mr. Bodkin, and Mr. Uhur.r.ell. The vacancy will be declared in a Court of Common Council, to-m. row (Friday), when the day of election will probably be fixed. A briAt canvass is going on. Some remarks having lately been made respecting ;he Royal Lodge in Windsor Park, it will be gratifying to know his Ma. jvsty's intention on that point. He has observed that, having tv o Fa tires at the present time in an urfinislted sire, he should not think of I a w in g a grant o f m.•nes from the a wary to repair and add to a place which would be o: so 1.9 k utility to him, u-r-er any el:cum...attests. Unless the Lodge were r. adced the King, •• it r ever can be a fit residence; baudes, the situation is damp, and exceAlingly ibcon :enitnt In many respects." A great sinecurist, now in Egypt, left in Paris full po•.vers .o swear fidelity to every government that might possibly be established. —Le Voleatr. By a royal ordinance of the 10th, the gendarmerie is sup pressed. A body of 1,443 men is appointed to km p guard at d art as police in Paris, ut.der the name of Garde Nlunicipee d , : s." FATAL COINCI Deice e.—On the same day tat the tnt laneholy catectrophc occurred on the Ouse, a comm of Al sa Robinvon, of Ayton, one of the ttufretem. also a native of Aron, wry washtd ovetboard, on his passage from Archangel to Scarborough, and was lost.— Hell Packt r. A boy named Atkinson, while fighting with another at Bishopsweartrouth, on Tuesday last, was so tined by j a stun th.tt be actually ditd under its influence. Thu Englishman who was arrested two days ago (Friday) at the PaLis Royal, is named Swinton. All the reports received con. cur in representing him to be insane. Three days betote he paid a s isit to Lord Stuart de Itothsay. After intro-hie ng Muesli, on the pretext that he wished to make some important communicatieo, he stated that he was William the Conqueror, and that I.t. had appointed his Lord ship one of his Generals. This absurd language was accompanied by language still more singular. lie embraced Lord Stuart, and after wards exhibited his pistol* to him. —Paris Paper. We have not heard that Lord Holland boa made. any pub lie display of partiality to the new lag of hang; but his lady has meet so the neir King of the French, according to report. a handsome jewel composed of three valuable stones to represent the tricolour. 11l her acquaintance, too, it is saki, have received some memori a l, i n w hi c h re d, white, and Woe ace blended, with an into taboo that her ladyship willies to receive no visit unless this badge be worn.— Bri.,lsten Guardian. li t' ~'