Star. — London, England, 1806-12-11 00:00:00

favour of both Powers, that they fhould have evert right of interference and guarantee, both rerpeatug the affairs of the Continent, and about maritime affairs. (See Nos. 3 and 8). It is to thofe princi ple% fe declared in the notes of the two Milliners, that the French Government (imply and conflantly referred. Lord Yarmouth came to Paris : be prefented full powers, end the negociation went on direaly to its °boa. It is not true, as is advanced in the declara tion cif his Britannic Majefty, that the Cabinet of the , Teethe* (which is not fo unlkilled as to treat with Mintier. without powers) found the powers of Lord Yarmouth infufficient. The form of his powers were the Cams as thole of Doke of Manchefter, in 1763, and the authorization was (Lill more complete and extenfive. (See Nos. and t 2.) But th e !( See of London found, that the proses(' aflbedikulfion was too rapid : it feared that it would bliss with it: peace. To check its progrefs, it fent, defter the fame title, a (mind Mlnifter Plenipoten atm and loon it left him alone, prefcribing to him to wait is an apparent negotiation for the part which Latta woad take arson the treaty which had been • jut negotiated and concluded at Paris in its name. They dare to affert, in the declaration of his Bri tannic Majefly, that M. D'Oubril had not powers to tom, and that his Majelly the Emperor and King hisimsetie is in that treaty, which, if they' tad been fu fil ed, would have produced' 'peace ha taten the two Courts. The perufal of the full poems, and of the treaty re Nos. 39 and so) will felficiestly anfwer that treat e allegation. Frante has not committed the fault of failing in the execution of the engagements of the treaty which 'ffse had made with Raffia, but fie has been wrong in fulfilling them with too much confidence and pied phonics. Hardly had the peace been lived, when the ordered her privateer' not to attack the Ruffian Hag, and *Rothe re-enablithment of all her convener. gad relations with littiffic To that time every thing had been agreed upon.— Rua and England had treated feparatsly. and Prance had no other object than that of fimplifying the difeettons which might bring about a tailing re-' coneihstion, in refuting to admit that thofe two powers fhould negotiate in ooncert, and that interells Aould be confounded together, which were in their nature effentially /Mine. The treaty with !Leiria was-made' the negociation with England progreffively approached its termina den. That Power law itfelf able to conclude peace upon conditions that were advantageous, as it was to beep Malta and the Cape of Good Hope. 'Ufelefs *as the moderatiqn of his Imperial and Royal Welly Mr. Fox fell tick: he ceafed to at. tend at the Council : the fatlion which is honile to peace prevailed, and changed every thing. Lind Lauderdale came to Paris, the Negotiation way im. imethately complicated, and took a retrograde courfe. One cannot eroid the fufpicion that be came for the purport of breaking and that they had chofen him as a friend of Mr. Fox, in order to throw upon the partisans otthat iftultrious Minifter all the odium of the rupture. Mr. Fox would have eafily dinipated this intrigue, hut he was on the point of death. Lord Lauderdale, accoltomed to follow Come leader, no lenge: diffembled the define he had to find one in the oppofite party, and to kin himfelf to other prin ciple.. His tone was in unifon with his new views: All hi. letter,, all the anfeers of Government (fee Si 1 4. If , 16, 1 7, 18, 19, so, 11, 22 . 33 , 24, as, ..211. 37, ) prove how far his Imperial and Royal 'bfaietly fought for the re-enahlithment of peace, by the long patience • ith which his Miniller bore fo many rudeneffes and Cu many (allies of paffion. His Weny would not facrifice to irritation the moll dif Wit hope of reconciliation between the two Powers. Neretthelefs, England, while following this A rinse negociation, fought on all fides to fir up enemies againn him. She fent a Beet into the Tagus, to found the difpofition of Portugal, and bring it iota the war. She threatened the Ottoman Porte, sod at the fame time offered it bcr alliance ; the in ilia* in ItufGa to change that adminiflration that . had fent M. D'Oubril, and in this manner prepated the reheat to ratify the treaty of peace. She llirred up Praia againa France, by perfuad ing bar that the would lute Hanover, a province which France had differed Prudla to take, but which the never guaranteed to PrufGa farther than while the &fluid make a common mile with France to oblige England to make peace. Te ionisation' of England to Froths' have had all the &mit that was expelled. That power de clared war ; Lord Lauderdale demanded his pair. Ports' and let out fur London. • Me. Fox willed for peace. As long as he &rated affairs, the negotiations were frank and &were'. Al. ter him, the only object in view was to breask'shem ; to elude, by all the means of lying and bad faith, she refpenfibility of the rupture, and to give the war Rill greater extent, in the hope that a new coalition would be more fatal io France, or, at leall, that the nevi dangers of England might be turned baton iii allies. OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS RESPECTING THE LATE NE 00CIATION BETWEEN FRANCE AND ENGLAND. • (No. 1.) • " Stu, " Downing-11mi, Feb. to, :lob " I think it my duty, as ao honed man, to gite you the earlia information of a ltrange circumftance which has come to my knowledge. The (honed way will I K to relate to you the fait (imply as it happened. .‘ Some days ago, a certain perfon announced to sot that he had lately landed at Grarefend without a palTport, and he begged me to find him one, as he had lately arrived from Paris, and had things In in form me of which would give tae pfrafure. I converted with him alone in my clotet, when. after come dif cam& of-little importance, the wretch had the au. decity to tell me, that to tranquillize all Crowns, it was necellary to put the Chief of the French nation to &ads I and that for this purpote, a Waste had been hived at Petry, from whence this deteftabte project could be executed lecurely and without ri(k. 1 have wit Well undadlood, whether this was to be dont by the fire arms at prefent in ofe, or by others of a new catikrudion. I am not *flamed, Sir, to confefs ti) rut who know me, that my confufion was extreme, when I found sly felfcnnverfing with an avowed 2 0'4. fin. In c,onfequenee of this confufion, ' , ordered him inmakimely enAlepart,giving at the fame tme Marne (ions to the Police Officer who guarded turn, to make 'aim **Asa country so too° as pothble. After havi4g sqlfeeed mere deliberately upon what T had Aden*. I perceived that I had done wrong in letting him de part before you fhould be informed of it ; I therefore caufed, him to be detained. 41 The probability is, that all this is nothing, and that this wretch had nothing elle in view than to aft the part of a boifter i in promifing me things which, according to his mode of thinking, would give we pleaftre i at all events, I thought that I ought to in form you of what has paged, before I fent him out of the country. Our laws do not permit us to detain him long; bat he Mail not let out until you (ball bare had time fufficient to take precautions againft his attempts, fuppofing that he Hill entertains bad de figns ; and when he Mall quit the country, I (hall take care that he be landed at Come port as diftant as rabic from France. He called himfell here, Guil let de la Gevrilliere, but I think that is an alTumed name. He bad not a (crap of paper to thew me, and on his fir( appearance, I did him the honour to be lieve him to be a fpy. go I have the honour of being, with the mob per. (eft attachment, Sir, Your very obedient Servant, (Signed) •• c. J. sox." (No. t) " Sia, " March ,t; do 6. " I have laid your Excellency's letter before the eyes of his Majetly. His firth words', after having finiatad the reading of it, were thefe. • I perceive here the principles of honour and of virtue which have always animated Mr. Fox.' He added,' Thank him on my part, and tell him. that whether the politics of his Sovereign (hall oblige us to continue long at war, or whether a quarrel, fo nfelefs to the eaufe of humanity, than have a conclulion as fpecdy as the two nations ought to &lire, I rejoice at the new charades that, by this rep, the war has already taken, and which is the prefage of what may be expelled from a Cabinet, whole principles I have a pleafure in appreciating, after thole of Mr. Fox, one of the men who is the mat formed to feel in all things what is noble, and what is truly great.' " I Shall not permit myfelf, Rir, to add any thing to the expredions of his Imperial and Royal Majehy. I only pray you to receive the affurance of my high& confideration. (Signed) " Cn. M. TALLIMAND, Prince of Benevento." (No. .) " Sin, " Down 3 ing Area, March 16. 13 0 6. " The information that your Excellency has given me of the pacific difpofition of your Government, have induced me to fix particulatly the attention of the King on that part of your Excellency's letter. " His Majefly has declared, more than once, to his Parliament, his fincere deltic of embracing the fiat opportunity of re-eltablifhing peace upon folid biles, which may be reconciled with the interefts and pet manent fecurity of his people. " His difpofitions are always pacific ; but it is to a Pure and !ailing peace that his Majelly looks, and not to a truce, uncertain, and on that account Isaraf ling both to the Castrating Parties, and to the reit of Europe. " As to the flipulations of the treaty of Amiens, which might be propoled as the baits of the negoci aticsn, it has been remarked that this phrafe may be interpreted in three or tour different ways; and that, confequently, farther explanations would become ne cetTary, which could not fail to carafe a great delay, even although there fhould be no other objeetions. " 'The true baits of fuch a negotiation between two great powers, who equally difklain every degree of chicanery, ought to be a reciprocal acknowledg ment, on both fides, of the following principles : that it ought to be the objeet of the two parties, that the peace fhould be honourable for both of them, and for their refpeetive Allies ; and, at the fame time, of a nature to fccure, as far as it is in their power, the future repofe of Europe " England cannot negled the interefls of any of her Allies ; and Ilse finds herfelf united to Ruffia by fuch dote ties, that the would not wills to treat, much left to conclude any thing, except in concert with the Emperor Alexander: bat in the waiting the actual intervention of a Ruffian Plenipotentiary, it is Bill poftlble to difcufs, and even to arrange, provi fionally, Come of the principal points. " It might teem that Ruffia, on account of the diflance of her pofition, has lefs immediate interefts than other Powers to difcufs with France ; but this, Court, on every account fo worthy of refpea,interetla itfelf, like England, in a lively manner, refpating every thing which concerns the fituatton, more or lefr independent, of the different Princes and flutes of Europe. " You fee, Sir, how we are difpofed here to fmooth all the difficulties which alight retard the 'ffifeuffion in queftion. It is nor, affuredly, that we, with the refnurces we poffiefs, have to fear the con thimance of the war for any thing which regards us. The Englith nation is. of all Europe, that which (of fer, tholeaft from its doratioo, but we do not on that account pity lets thi misfortunes of otl.ers. " Let us, then, do all in ottr power to put a flop In them, and let us endeavour, if polrdskt, to ream. 'tile the refpeeive interells and the glor e of the two countries, with the tranquillity of Europe, and the happinefs of the human race. " I have the honour to be, with the higheß COG fideration. Sir, year Excellency's very humble and very oSedieot fervant. (Signed) C. J. Fox." (H. 44 a Eta, " April I, :lA. " The very hp n r that I received your letter of the 26th, I went to his Majeliy, and am happy that ha has authotifed me to make you, without any delay, the following anfwer -0 The Emperor has nothing to defire of what Eng- land poll - 014s. Peace with France is poMble, and may be perpetual, as long as there is no interference in its internal affairs, and that there (hall be no with to conllrain it, either with refpeet to its legiLlation, relpeiffing the culloms, or the duties impeded on articles of commerce, nor to make its flag tubmit to any inlult. " It is not you, Sir, who have (hewn in a great number of public dircialions, an accurate knowledge of the affairs of Europe in general, and of that there is occafion to convince, that France has nothing to defile but peace, and a fituation which may permit her to give kerfelf up, without any °bac ck, to the labours of her jai:Wary. " The Emperor does not believe, that it was this, or that Article of the Treaty of Amiens which has been the cants of the war. He is convinced, that the real cattle of it w e t s the_ rei---laral to enter ism • e.t.a 'inertial Treaty ; which would neteffarily be Nations to, the manufaelares and induary of his fubjeas. '" Your predeceffors accufed us of wifhing to in vade every thing. In France,England is alto Well, then ! we only demand equality. We will never Mk from you any account of what you do in your country. provided that, in your turn, you fhould alit no account of what we dohs ours. This is a principle , of jolt and reafonable reciprocity. and refpaiively advantageous. " You exprefs a wifh that the negociation &fluid not end in a peace that lbculd be without duration. , France is more interefled than any other Power in the liability of peace. It is not a truce that it has an intereß in making, for a truce would only pre. pare for it new loges. You know well, that nations, refembling individuals in this refpeet, can accußom themfelves to a Rate of war, as well as to a Rate of peace. All the loffes that France can fuffer from it, the has fuffered, and will always fuffer in the fir* fix months of a war. At prefent our comnierce and our induftry have retired within themfelves ' and have adapted themfelwes to our Rate of war. On this at. count, a truce of two or three years would be, at the fame time, as oppofite to our commercial interefls as to the policy of the Emperor. " As to the intervention of a foreign Power, the Emperor might accept of the, mediation of a Power poffeffing great maritime forces, for then its partici- pation in the peace would be regulated by the fame llamas which we have to dikes with you ; but the mediation you fpeak of is not of that nature. You do not with to deceive us, and you perceive that there is no equality between you and us, in the gua rantee of a Power that has 300,0ci0 men on foot, and which has no marine. " For the rett, Sir, your communication has a chara&er of franknefs and precifion that we have not before teen in the correfpondence of your Court with us. I (hall confider it a dirty to reply, with the fame franknefs ant clearnefs. We are ready to make peace with all the world : we do not want to impnfe a peace upon any nation, but we do not chute that-it !hall be impoled upon us ; neither is there any body wits has the power or the means to do fir. It is t,ot in the power of any perfon to make us 'undo treaties which have been executed. The integrity, the entire and abfolute independence of the Ottoman Empire, are not only the molt flame de fi re of the Emperor, but the moll coolant °Ned of his policy. " Two enlightened and neighbouring nations would be wanting in the opinion which they ought to entertain of their power and their wildom, if in the 4/ilea - ion of thole great interefis, about which they difagree, they [tumid call for the intervention of fo reign and diliant Powers. Thos, Sir, the peace may be negociated and concluded immediately, if your Court has really the defire to arrive at it. " Our iiitereffs are reconciltable, from the very circumfiance of their being diliind. You are the So vereigns of the fees: your maritime forces equal thole of all the Sovereigns of the world united. We are a great Continental Power : but there are f 1 who have as great force by land as we, and your preponderance on the teas will always place our com merce at the difpofal of your fquadrons, upon the firlt declaration of war that you may chute to make. Do you think it reafonable to expeß, that the Er* peror will ever content to place &tacit, in like man ner, at your difcretion, as to the affairsbf the Conti. sent ? It, matters of the tea by your own power, you with alto to be meters of the land by a combined power, peace is not polfible for you cann* cape& to.arrive at ranks, which it would be impoffible for you to attain. " The Emperor, accuttomed as he is to run all the chances which prefent views of greatnets and glory, dcfires peace with England. He is a man. Atter fo many fatigues, he alto withes for repofe. Father of his fubjeds, he willies as far as can be compatible with their honour, and with the guarantee of the futures to procure for them the fweete of peace, and the ad- vantages of a happy and tranquil commerce " If then, Sir, his ilajefly the King of England I really wiles for peace with France, he will app riot a Plenipotentiary to repair to Lifle. I have the ho nour to lend you palFports for that effed. As loon as his hiajedy the Emperor flail be informed of the arrival of the Minifier of your Court, he will appoint and fend one there without delay. The Emperor is ready to make all the coneeffions that from the extent of your naval force and preponderance you may ex ped to obtain. Ido not think alto, that you can re fufe to adopt the principle of making to him propo fitions conformable to the honour of his Crown, and to the commercial rights of his states. If you are ink if you only defire what is poffible fur you to accomplith, peace will be loon concluded. conclude by declaring- to you, that his Ma jelly adopts entirely the principles laid down in your difpatch, and prefented as the balls of the negocia tion—that the peace propofed ought to be honour. bie for the two Courts, and for their retina ive Allies. "I have the honour of being, with the highelt con lideralioo, Sir, your Excellency's very bumble, and obedient fervant, (Signed) "Ca. Mau. Taw. ttttt o, Prince of Benevento." (Na 5 •) Sas, Dowaing-ftrect, Eth April, 4 ' It was not until yeflerday evening that I received your difpatch of the t ft inftant. Before I proceed to anfwer it, allow me to allure your Excellency, that its franknefs and politenefs have afforded very great pleafure. The appearance of a fpirit of conciliation in both parties is one great Ilep towards peace. If what your Excellency mentions with refpeet to interns* affairs, is meant to he applied to political affair., an anfwer is fiercely neceffary. We take no part In them in time of war, and a crrtiori, we will not do fo in time of peace ; and nothing is farther from our thoughts than to with t• meddle with fuch inter nal laws as you may judge necefary for the regula tion of your cufloms, and the fupport of your tom. Inertial rights, or to infult your tag. " As to a treaty of commerce, England has no' greater inevrell in willing for it than other nations. There ate many perfons who are of opinion, that a treaty of the kind between France and Great Britain would Ise equally advantagenns to both the Contraft. ,lag Powers. But this is a queltion which each Go• veromeot mutt decide upon its own view t and that wbitla minks it is guilty of nooffente, and is not ac counted:de to the propofer. " It is sot my *pinion alone, Sir,bnt that of every .retfOnahla man. that peace is the true intereft of who are at her bead confifts in obtaining anti preferv ing it. 0 It is true, we have reciprocally scented each other—but it would be of little ufe at prefent to dif cuts the grounds upon which flick aeculations were founded. ' Like yno, we wifli for equality. We are not, molt affuredly, accountable to each other foe what we do within nutfelves ; and the principle of reciprocity prepared by your Excellency on this head 'appears to be j olt end reafonable. s,I agree with you in refpelt to the inconvenience* whichwould refult toFrancetrom a flint t-lived peace; but onthe other hand, its difadvantages to os would alto be very confiderable. It is natural, that in filch a cafe each country fhould magnify its own danger, or at leaf that it- (hould look more minutely into them than into the dangers of another. " As to the issterventims of a Foreign Power, I Ihould begin with obferving, that as far ai regards the qualm: of peace and war between France and Eng land. Rata cannot be conGdered as a fiteeiga pnwet, as (he is allually in alliance with England, and at war with France. it was on this principle that, in my letter, I propofed in introduce the Emperor Alex ander, not as a mediator, but as a party. " In the left paragraph of your difpatch, your Excellency has admitted that the peace fhoold be honourable as well for France and England as for their refpeftive allies. if this be the cafe, it appears to me impoffible, confidering the rink alliance fob titling between the two Governments, that England can commence a negotiation, except it be of aspro. vifional nature, without the concurrence, or the pre sinus confent, at kaQ of her ally. " As to what refpeas the integrity and- indepen dence of the Ottoman Empire, no difficotty can arife—thefe being objets equally dear to all the par ties interelled in the diktiffion in queftion. a ft is perhaps true, that the power of France by land. conipare4 with that orate ref% of Europe, is not equal to oar naval faperiority, confidered in the fame point of view; but ft can no longer be diffembled that the projea of uniting all Europe agaioft France, is chimerical to the lag degree. Betides, it would be in faa to extend one apprebenfions for the future a little too far, to confider an alliance between Rug. fig and England (the two Powers of Europe the Lit calculated to attack France by land) as tend. ing to produce loch an effe& ' The interpofition of Roth: in the negoeiation cannot, moreover, be confidered as the eftablament of a congrefa either in form or died, as there in fad will be only two parties, Raffia and England on one fide, and Fiance on the other. A congrefs may be artful in many refpeeth after the figning of the preli. minaries, in cafe it Mould meet the wither - of the ton. crating parties ; but this is a queftion to be dictated freely and amicably, after the principal affair (hall have been arranged. " I have thus, Sir, fubmitted to you, as clearly as I could, the fentiments of the Erni& Government upon the ideas fuggefted by your Excellency; I have the fatisfation of believing, that there is only one elfential point upon which we are not agreed. •' When we (hall have obtained your content to treat provifionally until Raffia can come forward, and afterwards in conjun&ion with her, we are ready to commence, without the delay of one day, the nego ciation, in whatever place and in shower form the two parties may confider molt proper, for concluding to a proper termination, and with all poffible expo. ditiou, the übjea of our labours. I have the honour to be, sr With the molt diftinguifhed confideration, ke. (Signed) C. Jo vox:* (N 0.6.) ' ' ' 0 Sks, 0 Pads, Ayen r 6, tint " I have jun received the orders of his Majelly the Emperor and King, before whom I laid, with all poffible expedition, the difpatch which your Excel lency did me the honour to addrefs to me, under the date of the Bth of April. " It appears to his Majefly, that in admitting, as you do, the principle of equality, you Rill have per- Red in requiring a form of negotiation which can by no means accord with this principle. When among two equal Powers, one of them claims the intervention of a third, it is evident that it tends to deßroy that equipoife fo favourable to the fair and free difeuflion of their interells. It is evident, that it has no incli nation to remain contented with the advantages and rights of equality. I troll, Sir, that in refuelling this difeuffion for the lall time, I fisall be able to perfuade• your Excellency, that there is no title nr motive to jullify the inviting of Raffia to a negociation propohd between France arid England. u When the war broke out between the two Powers Ruffia was at peace with France. The prefent war his not in the lean altered the relations between her and us. She at fiat propofed her mediation, and af terwards, in confequence of circumilances foreign to the war which feparates us, tome coolnefs having arifen between the two Cabinets of St. Peterfburgh and the Thnillerier, the Emperor Alexander thought proper to lac/end his political relations with France s bnr, at the fame time, he declared, is the moil poll tire manner, that it arse not hi, intention to take any part in the difpotebetween us and England. . We do not think that this determination has been in the lealt altered, by the conduB which Raja has fince held. She has. it is true, concluded a Treaty of Alliance with you ; but this Treaty, it is eary to perceive, fro/winch articles of it as have trantpiied, by the objeft which it had in view, and Rill more, horn the confequences which followed it, had no relation whatever to the war fubfilling fur two years between us and England. " This treaty was an aft of participation in a war of another kind, more extended and general than the firlt. It is from that war that the third coalition atofe,in which Aufiria was the principal power, and Raffia the auxiliary power. England concurred only in the mojed of this war; we were never opoofed to her force united with that of her Allies. Ruffia only appeared in it as a fecondary Power. No declaration addrefTed to France ever informed us that the was at war with us ; and it was only on the field of battle where the third Coalition was defiroyed, that we were officially informed thatßulEa was engaged in it. " When his Britannic Majell y declared,war again& France, his Manifestoes expreffed the °Neff of ii.— This ohjea defines the nature of the war. eighteen months atter, his Britannic Majefly cote into alliance with Auntia, H. , ffis, and Sweden. tie had other cbieas in view, It v.. 15 2 11.2., ...^•• .1.. T 1 1 l