Star. — London, England, 1830-10-20 00:00:00

FOR:'.IGN S TELL/GE:VI:. lthl.4llUM. As there has of lute been a good deal of discussion about the treacles • emottroctcd the kingdom of the Netherlands, the source of the contrihutions which repaired the Belgic fortresses, and the obligations of :lit Allied Powers to protect the Orange family in the possesbiol of •toreveignty,we tnake no apology,says the Tbnce, for publishirg the tol lowing abstract of these convention: , ; " July 21, 1814. • Aef signed by the Secretary of state of his Royal Highness the Prince of the Netherlands for the acceptance of the Heigh; Provinces. •• Art. I. The union of Belgium with Holland shall be entire and „mtpletc, insomuch that the two countries shall form mil) , one and the same state, governed by the constitution already established in Holland, which shall bt modified by common consent according to new citcum .nane.s. "2. 'There iall be no alteration in the artieltes of that constitution, which secure to all forms of religion equal protection and favour, and chick guarantee the admission of every citizen. whatever be his reli gious creed, to public offices and employments. " 3. The Belgic pmvince s shall be suitably represented in the as. terribly of the States-General, of which the ordinary sessions shall be held in time of peace alternately in a town of Holland and in a town of I Belgium. "4. As all the inhabitants of the Netherlands will be thus constitu.. tionally assimilated to each other, the different provinces shall equally enjoy all die commercial and other advantages which their respective situations require, without any fetter or restriction being imposed upon one of diem tor the profit of another. " 5. immediately after the union, the arm laces and towns of Bel ium sl:all be admitted to the commerce aid :igation of the colonies upon the seine footing as the provinces and enti . of Hullanc. " C. The burdens of the two countries. es well as the advantages, ::e common. The debts contracted up to the time of the union shall be pail out of the general exchequer of the Netherlands. " 7. Conformably to the same principles, the expenditure necessary for t h e establishment and preservation of die fortiikatinns on the fron tiers of the new state shall be defrayed by the gt neral exchequer, as it is the result of an object intereating to the safety and independence of Alt the provinces and the whole nation. " 8. The expense of establishing and repairing the dikes shall be supplied by the districts which are most directly interested hi that part cf the public service, reserving the obligation of the nation in general to furnish assistance in case of extroordinary disasters, the ins to be raised in the same mode as Is now used in Holland. These eight articles have been guaranteed by Prussia, Austria, Russia, and England. " Addltion:A Article to the Convention between his Britannic Blajt:sty, an:l the United Provinces of the Nethetlands, relating to their Colo nies. Dated London, Aug. 1, 1314. •'ln order to provide more etrectually for the defence of the state ronned by the Union of the Belgic provinces with Holland, his Britannic Majesty takes upon Itinnol and engagcs to defray the fol. !owing expenses:— " 1. The payment of 1,000,0001. sterling to Sweden, as it comittn. colon for the rights yielded by that country to 11: Hand. " 2. A sum of 2,000,0001. to be employed in concert with the Prince '-uvereign of the Netherlands, and in aid of an etiaal sum to be fur. nishcA by that prince, upon te augmentation and fortification of a line cf defences for the Netherlands. 3. To support conjointly, and in equal portions, with Holland,' rich ulterior expenses us shill be mutually regulated and agreed upon , by the above named high-contracting parties and their Allies, for the lat rposa of consolidating and establishing finally, in a satisfactory man. net, tat, union of the Netherlands with Holland, under the dotnition of fho lloua of Orange; the said suns to be furnished by Great Britain as it, quota, not king to exceed 3,000,0001, sterling. Cant cation between Great B; itain, the Netherlands, and Russia, signed ut London, the 9th of May. 1813, relating to the Expenses incurred I.y :11e Allies in carrying on the war against France : " 1. His Majesty the King of fin: Netherlands engages to take upon :.,mself the payment of a part of the capital, and the interest %kelt shall due on the Ist of January, 101 C, oa the Russian loan made in Hol. .and, through the agency of the hour: of Hope and Co. to the amount of ':3,000,000 of florins Dutch currency. The annual interest dthls sum, together with the annual paymcnt for the extinction of the debt whjch creates, shi - .11 be &frayed by his Majesty, and shall become a charge . a the kingdom of the Netherlands. " His Britannic Majesty engages on his part to recommend to his l'arliament to place hint in a condition to take upon himself an equal share of the capital of the above.named loan, payable in the saute manner. " 2. The said payments on the part of their Majesties the King of the Netherlands and the King of Great Britain shall cease, in case the possession and sovereignty, which Gon forbid, of the Belgic provinces, Nhould pass or be separated a day from the dominion of his Majesty the King of the Netherlands before the perfect liquidation of that debt. " The interest to be paid every year by each of these Powers is 1,250,000 florins. The sinking fund is 250,000 dot ins more. Together itey amount to an annual charge of 1,500,000 florins on each power. Treaty between the Netherlands and the Allies (Great Britain, Aus. trio, Prussia, and Russia, dated Vienna, May 31, 1815. " 3. The ancient Duchy of Luxembourg is ceded to the King of the Naherlands. to be possessed in perpetuity and in full sovereignty. great duchy shall form one of the states of the Germanic Cont e. .tcrition, of which the King of the Netherlands shall also be a member. The town of Luxembourg shall be considered, in a military point of s tew, as a fortress of the Germanic Confederation. The King of the Lew countries shall, however, have the right to name the governor and military commandant of that province, liable to the approval of the oxecutive power of the Confederation, and to such other conditions as it 11.111 he judged IIeCM ay to establish, in conformity with the future constitution of the said Confederation." By another treaty, of the 12th of March, 1817, of the same King, sith the same Courts, the following modifications were introduced s-- " 1. A part of the pecuniary indemnity paid :by France, being in tended to strengthen the linc of defence of the States which limit France, the King of the Netherlands shall receive for that object 1;0,000,000 a francs. " 2. He undertake:: to employ that sum on the works necessary for the defence•of the frontiers of his States, conformably to the system adopted by the Allied Powers. " 3. He renounces his quota of the general indemnity, and gives it up to Austria and Prussia. " 4. Owing to the intervention of England, he cedes to the King of Prussia the right of naming the Governor and Commander of Lux embourg, and consents to it, so long as the general garrison which each party furnishes, shall be composed of three-fourth of Prussian troops, and of one.fourth of Belgic troops, .without that cession int. pairin g in any respect him right of sovereignty over the town and for. *JOSS of Luxembourg. " 5. The administration of justice, the collection of taxes and con. tributions of every description, as well am every other branch of the civil administration of Luxembourg, shall remain exclusively in the 'lathim or his Majesty die King of the Netherlands." " By anodic, convention. the forces of the garrison of Luxembourg are to amount to 6,000 men. • Th e tiaree Bourgeoin it ur.titr the authority of the King of the Nethetlands." The following is a letter from Antwcrp given in the C.!romicle. The writer seems to think that the obstinacy of the King of the Dutch will an obstacle in the way of ACC-'4;modation: ANTWERP, Oct. 14, IBM. la our present eireunist.tmes, tile eyes of all Europe being now di rt. ttd to Antwcrp, a few remarks oa political matters may not be unit). I,resting to you ; and I therefore take up my pea to give you such in. :station as I can collect. On what I shall state, you may implicitly ray. . . . . . First, as to our opinions :—A predominant party through the whole Belgium says, " Down with Kings--down with the Princes of Orange ; let us drive them in:o the Fens of Holland. A Republic far ever !" Another party, the Walloons, who find a market for their coals and other things in France, show a disposition to unite Belgium to France. They are less powerful than the Republicans. Another party. which is gaining ground, is disposed to offer the crown In me Prise:: of Orange in the same manner as the French offered their Liman to the Duke of Shlesaut ; that is, with a Constitution francs.' by the i.ation ; so that the Prince shall govern uccording to the will of the people. Is the opinion of this party, if the Prince of Orange would give sonic moats of his confidence in the Belgians; if he would withdraw his bitaili troops from the Southern Provinces, and place diem on the other stde of the Moerdyke ; or if he would entirely separate himself from a Gavernitt_nt, under the influence of which it is not likely that he will tver he able to arrange the affairs of Belgium, he would not only become very ',uvular with the Belgians but would be unanimously accepted by :net t , as their Sfivereign. On the one hand, it is stated that the King -Id not consent to resign this part of his kingdom ; and on the other, •:..0 twilling less than this will satisfy the National Congress which is now . .amnioned. What I stn atrsid of is, that the whole of the Southern Provin. :es would rather throw themselves into the arms of France, than , itfei ti,cutselves to be contrculeil by the Dutch, either on the water or the land; or in any 11141illti suffer their commerce to be interrupted i preps ancient rivals. With these hostile parties and conflicting • ?inions, I see no probability of our settling our disputes without some istance. Your cabinet, in particular, must conic forward and use all influence with the cabinet of the Hague to consider these provinces caving achieved their independence, and u having a right to choose ;Jr their Sovereign any person whom they think proper. Your ea b4l,,, and every other cabinet that has an interest in preserving this t..!atry as a barrier against France, slinutil come forward and protect it xousing for itself an independent Government, and in adopting na iiisututions of its own. They should protect its independent ex so that the Belgians should feel it .heir interest to form them 't:t;es into a rampart against every foreign invasion. Such a plan seems orly feasible means of guaranteeing a general and durable peace, t -,r n.aintaining that balance of powt.r ~1 Europe which has already a:chased at the expense of ?co centres b:uod. If the public press of Ragland pteenniest te exceed:, any mfiaetece over publ.e tinniou and it has coesiderable influence, bath in England seed here ; and if it. attaches at;v imparnr•ec to pre:serving peace and trz:t quillity its England, and promonng the good rause of geeeral freedom— le; it cease to represent the Klieg of the Netherlands as the most ptudent and honest monarch of the age. and let it cease to speak of the &league as rebels who have no justification for resietiug his authority. The Times of the sth inst. I observe, deficit the writer os the letter front Antwerp of Sept. 28, inserted in the M. Chronicle of the 4th inst. to prove that The Timis has ever, in any leading article, endeavoured ro tie. 1 predate the character and the cause or the Lit.l4inns. 11 The Ltnee ' have done that. it has, with the Dutch Monarch and his Cueerellors, beer, an instrument to thwart. the political views of England. I may evy if it had done that, it has been instrumental in bringing on our own pc- sent afflictions ; for without some encouragement and some misleading. the King of the Netherhouis would. most probably, have been one or the most popular Kings of the day, and would here promoted the mos. perity of all his people. The writerof Met letter seldom seeds The Times, and is not anxious to hunt through its files, and. therefore, I shall c n line myself to a few remarks on the leading article of September 4- In that The Times says...." It must be allowed that, perhaps, no Monarch had ever a more difficult part to play in managing the different sections of his kingdom than the present worthv and enlightened Sovereign of the Netherlands." Being a Protestant - King and a Dutchman, that jus tifies his appointing all the officers of the government from among those whom be knows best—the Dutch—and justifies him in making an at. tem:st to overthrow the religion of his southern subjede in the most ty rannical manner. Accordingly, this is called by The Times '• an at. tempt to repress the bigotry of the Catholic Priesthood, and spread knowledge among the people subjected to their fanatical influence." It not only justifies a partial system of taxes, of legislation, of admi nistration, and of trade—it . goes further, and countenance, the King's attempt to abolish the trial by Jury, " because his Dutch sub jects being a quiet, busy people, and not willing to go from their terror their shops, to waste their time in deciding on matters its which they have no personal interest, tied in which the proper authority de cides very well without them ;' and all this is said, notwithstanding the Belgians, who, finding a protection for their liberal opinions in the Trial by Jury, loudly protested against the abolition of that speciesoltrial by a Royal t trdinance in 1015. The same leading article allows " that every liberal measure (if ever there was any such) .was carried by the Bel gic majority, with a tew Dutch members to turn the scale; and, on the contrary, that every liberal Bill which was lost was thrown ' out by a Dutch majority, with the aid of a similar detachment of Bel ' gins." The Times does not say that almost every Bill which op. pressed the Belgians was carried by the Influence of the Government, and i every measure to relieve them was lost by? similar influence—and such ' rueaeures ate always likely to be lost when the number of votes is pretty nearly equal on both side:—and the Government is naturally in fa. your of one party. The Times did not make the slightest observe ! tion on the injustice of giving four millions of inhabitants no more votes than two millions:. It says that it pronounces no opinion of its own on the quality of these measures ; and even respecting the abolition !of the Trial by Jury, it expresses no disapprobation. Suppose ! 11am IV. were to abolish jury trial in England because the shop keepers (who, by the bye, in Holland, were never consulted oil' the subject) of one or two mottles should not like the trouble of attending the Court, while the other counties and the great majority of the English nation should loudly proclaim their unwillingness to have jury trial abolished ; and suppose the Times to notice this, and make no other remark than such as testified its approbation, calling the author of the abolition " worthy," &u how would that have been received by English feelings ; or how would t h at—to use a vulgar phrase—go down with its readers? I have neither apace nor time to make further remarks on the leading articles of the Timcs—or, more correctly speaking, its mockeries of the sense and feelings of its readers. If it should again defy the writer from Ant werp, I have yet something to say on the leading article of Sep tember 4, and when that hse been said, I will have recourse to its files to sec what remains. bPAI24. MADRID, OCT. 4. The Deere:: of the King, which I herewith send you, while it offi cially ackowledges the existence of danger, and de facto adintte the jeopardy in which the Government finds itself, may, by its promulga non, 1:c construed into an expression of its fears. The truth is, the King aid his Ministers are in a most awkward dilemma. Surrounded and menaced by the fierce and ungovernable apostolical faction on the one hand, and almost equally fearful of the liberals on the other, their position is one, of which the danger becomes more immediate from day to day. That events are fast approaching, that will shake the nation to the centre, is too evident to be doubted tor an instant. From what occurred in this city on the 20th ult. it seems likely that the apostolicais will undenake the revolution, en attendant the completion of the plans which the liberals are devising. I have taken pains to obtain correct information on the state of the army. The Royal Guard consists of— Cavalry—Curazeros, Granaderos, Cazaderos, Lanzeros, 4 re giments of 672 men each - 2,688 Infantry-8 regiments of 1,000 men each - 11,000 2 regiments, provincials of the Guard, each 3 battalions of 1,000 men - 6,000 16,688 Infantry of the Line, 16 regiments of 1,500 each - - 24,000 Light Infantry, 4 regiments of 1,500 men each - - 6,000 Engineers 2 regiments of 1,500 each : 3 battalions 500 each • 3,000 Provincinles (a species of militia), 43 hiftillionis . Boo men tacit 34,400 Cavalry-8 regiments light, 8 regimen - tit of the linc.-16 re giments, 580 men each • • - • - 8,000 Artillery-4 regiments, 800 men each - 3,200 • 03,288 This k about the amount of the standing army. The militia, which Is disbanded and renewed every six pears, amountcd, in March last, to 90,000 men ; at that time their six years of service had expired. The term was then, increased to eight Yeats, and the new levy was commen ced—the old one s:ill serving. This force may be reckoned at 150.000 men. There is another military force, calling themselves voluularios mats. tat. This is a volunteer corps, consisting of infantry, cavalry, and artillery, to the amount of 120,000 men They formed themselves •in 1024 v professedly for the maintenance and defence of the absolute mo. narch. They are all apostolicals, and more devoted to the infant Don Carlos, or the party that ("lists under his name, than to the King.— Had the plot succeeded last week, they would 'have acted a chief part : the massacre of the Liberals would have been their first act. A great animosity exists between them and the Royal guards, u the latter consider them as self.slecteti custodians of the Royal person, to their partial exclusion. This is a fortunate circumstance for the lA. bet alb, as, in the case of any event, the guards will oppose them ; and it is well known, indeed their officers have told me so, that they (the guards) wish for nothing more than to have the opportunity, should such an occurrence take place, and then the regeneration of Spain will ensue. The regular army and the Liberals will have a common inter. est, and the King will follow the strongest. The guard is officered. in a great measure, by foreigners--French, Italian, Berman, and Irish ; and their jealousy of the rolkwearioe realislas unconsidered, they are more inclined to liberalism than to absolutism, as absolutism in this country is founded on apostolicism. They :ITC the only troops in the country that are well clothed atal regularly paid. Their appea -1 arse is exceedingly good. Should the King break alit' t he apostoli. Gals, they will support hint with enthusiasm, and this is what I expect. The troops throughout the conniry are wretched in the extreme, and cannot be depended on either way. Money will settle their allegiance Of rebellion. The pritslhood, including the monks, are computed at about two hundred thousand; five-sixths of the wealth of the land is in their hands. Tue Government has shorn them in one or two in. stances. This. and the fear of farther encroachments, are among other erasure', the excitement they have against the Government. A ronstitutioh ran only he maintained by their subversion, and that subversion can only be realized by the curtailment of their pecuniary resoun Thus there are front 200,000 to 300,000 beggars in Spain, and they are supported by the priesthood. The advantage of this is understood by both parties ; and the priesthood, by their influence, maintaio this order of things, and ensure themselves dependents, by per petuating the ignoi once and encouraging the idleness of the lower orders. Labour antl industry among the poor would fur ever annul the power of the clergy, and that can certainly be effected by a wise Government. The people now have no incitement to work, for they cannot possess in security the fruits of their industry. The Apostolicals are again at work. The Abbot of San Ilazilio was this morning found murdered in his convent. This man was a bishop, and had influence with the King. lie wits, suspected of liberalism. The Duke of 31ontebello had a very short interview with the King, and he lett 31adrid the next morning. It appears this Oovernment recognizes France, in case Austria does the same. The coadiality cannot be very great : seer trywahl. de St. Priest, the Ambassador of Charles X. has been made a grandee of the first class, and hal received other honours; and the Marshal Bourmont has been offered the command of the troops. He is at Valencia, and is expected here daily.—LeUer in the Tillie!. SPIRIT OF THE JOURNALS. Canowict.E.---The Duke of N ellington may propose some slight reform, but were he to attempt what might give the representation the character of real, he would at present be foiled. We con sider every cabinet in this country to be trimly the essence of the oligarchy ; and to suppose that a prime minister is disposed to concede reform, is to suppose that the oligarchy arc ready to c i oncede it. Now, we hold that, before the oligarchy can be brought to think of abandoning the command which they at present possess of the of the industrious people of England, much more formidabre mhta demonstrations r must be made than have yet been made. They will most assuredly strive to the last to retain their power. When, however, the people show that they are in earnest about re. form, prudential considerations may then dettrrnine them to give way. 11, t. r.:tinly do nor behe.t rI vie t , i Ix y.t . 11 ;:• c:etnly tr. I,ltder it Itytebsilry ton then! to NII//rad.l. i‘ I: Lc Wi 'Leal. the Puke oi ehottirl be a reformer it used tarn.. 'env: ,:41.110 Win to be oat, to lira: m. dueing rite rt•tiuts, a imps ion on the minds of the 011garel V. We shall only dective eurseives it' we suppore the Aristocracy of this noun. try will yiele, without a hard struggle, the power which they now pos. seism, of put..iag their hands inua the pockets of others. It cannet be tea efts: repezittl, that Aristocracy and plunder are syrionisvons; that without the plunder of the people there could be tin Aristocracy, far the etasatiou of she plant'. r would soon reduce their overgrown estates. And, independently of the injustice of this system of carving estltert far their younger children out of the property of the rest of the entimo.nity, is is in other respects for Itse interest of a entuary that estates should he as much divithd. as portaihic. - _ Cenlowicte. —We ear. 'ICC :it operation which will soot: effect a disivelurttion on the part of the Aristocracy to encourage the disfranchlw ment of the !wee...Moping boroughs. N c address ourselves to sensible, clear.headed iworough preprietore„ like the Marquis o: Hertford. The following arstar.ce will show the d..iger of pushing disfranchisen:":at too fat t--!sere Alton, in Devon, ;re. formerly be. longct o Lord Clinion, but now belongs to Lord Beverley. The quit- Miran is Burgage-tenure.. There are at pru.eut old) two voters, and the tier tietermined,at the last election...l throw off the Erverleyyoke ; and accorl! ingly, though friends, they negcc!_iied to return Iwo gentlemen for their own proti:. instead of that or Lis Lordship. The Porireeve is Dr. lea ;e.:, of Plyo.outh ; hut be is merely returning officer, and has no vote. 1)r. Blake, areompanita; by art attorney's clerk, set out last ge neral election fren. rvidouth,aad met the voters order a great tree, the place usually clos e n for th e p ur p ose o f e l ect i en . D ur i ng t h e time tire dace rav re:tiVal,; the Ace , . of Parliament usually read on such •tcca'io .w, one of the ewers headed in to him a card, eon. mining the estate: of ter, ese,lidetes, proposed by himself and se. vended by his ff :A. lie was told by the etenney'it clerk that (hie was too early. Before the rcailing was completed, the voter on ti.e ether side handed in a rani conrsponding with the former, and he was inform,:! that 1' . .: W2l. too late. The meeting broke Ai. The Portreeve and assistants adjourned to a public-house in the ntighbeerimod. red them and there tirade a return of Lord Loveine and Air. Blacken, which a, ent signed by a sia;;le ire son having a vote. Though tie Bort.uph was no duabt purchased by Lord Beverley, yet the property is of course tin absolute, and, therefore, without supposing that Parliament should determine that the Patmns may return at once without the intervention of any machinery, we must presume dot clic. tion will he set aside. But the object of oar noticing the case was to wain the Proprietors of Pocket Boroughs of the danger to which they are retro:sett, by excluding moneyed men from the Potwalioping B. roughs. Lt is not their interest to add to tire 'waves of moneyed men to attuupt to eye% their Boroughs. They :may be assurcii, that with all their care, a holden key wiil often open the gates of dm:: fortresses of the Aristocracy. TlMEs—The l*tris papers arc chiefly tilled with discussions on the recent attempt of the Ministers aid the Chamber of Deputies to intpl'. came the King ;:, the responsibility of a law in:endcd to sav e Lk : • 2 ;.. Ministers front c... 0 tat pue'shment, should they be condom:A. The people, whose hurc.^ generosity and magnanh . ..enne torbearanc; werc•sa justly celebrated in the hour of victory, scent to lave been sized with a Atrocious appetite :or blued lung after their passions might be expected to be cooled. Tile walls of Paris are covered with the most atm cious incentives to tumult and vengeance at the idea of extend ing mercy to the prisoners, and there can be no doubt that though their ;mil. had been less manifest, their condemnation could not have :teen the less certain, front the influence of these menaces on the fears of their judges. The petitions of tit:. wounded, the speeches of pup: lam orators, the dramatic erect of a night sitt.ng, and the popularity of Me King, seem all to go for nothing in arrestMg the sanguinary fury of the lower orders. In the mean time, the t.han:Mr, the Ministers, and the King, are selenudy pledged in the face of Europe to save the culprits from the extreme rigour of the law ; and it they yield to popular fury, in a point which so nearly concerns their heraur, their feelings, and their principles, they can have ro security frit the un disturbed possession or exercise of power in other Instances. The violent men who are labouring to whet the veh,:eanee. of the multitude by appeals to their passions, and who are intimidatiog society by the phantoms of a former revolution, ate quite aware of the formieia. ble dilemma in which they have placed the Government. They know that they are making it destructive to its character, firm. ness, and consistency, to execute the criminals, and dangetous to its existence to pardon them. While they strongly censure the Ministers for endeavouring to shelter themselves behind the King's populatity in recommending the new law, they plainly intimate that His Majesty cannot with safety exercise in this case the prerogative of mercy. Tile Ministers confess their defeat by attempting to retrace their steps. They have announced that tie new project of law fur amending the cri minal code is to be allowed to take its due couse in parliamentary dis. cuuion ; but they have done nothing more to allay the general ferment. • They have not explained why they were so precipitate at one time, and so s l ow row,—why they did not rather wait the result of the trial, and a.ivise the King to exercise his prerogative of mercy, than interfere with an existing impeachment and anticipate a capital conviction by an abolition of Its corresponding punishment. lIEIIALT).—It is certain that the Military Code requires revision as Civil. We would submit to Government the propriety oisubstittiting some other punishment for that of flogging. It savours too much of torture to be suited to the habits of a civilised age, and it is also calcu lated to harden rather than improve the disposition of the ebrender, by desuoying the sense of shame, and Inducing that recklessness of charac ter which is the natural consequences of hopeless degradation. It is not surprising that some recent exhibitions of this species of military chas tisement have excited great disgust among the public, by whom it was witnessed. We are aware that this mode of enforcing subordination in the army isnot so much practised as it used to be, and wa have heard that MI some regiMents it has been quite discontinued. We belied the obedience of the soldier is quite as strict and as exemplary in those regiments in which flogging is disused, as in those in which it Is still considered essential to the preservation of sailitaty govern meet. Why then is not this cruel and degrading practice din. pensed with altogether? The government of soldiers by mural infiu ease has been'too much neglected, and the infliction of bodily pain has beew too generally applied to the correction of offences against the law military, in preference to modes of punishment which, instead of de stroying the sense of shone, makes it subservient to the re haniation of character. Schoolmasters had formerly fallen into the same error as the military disciplinarians. As the latter think that military subonli. nation would perish unless it was upheld by the terrorof the lash, so the former thought the rules of grammar could never be impressed spun the youthful memory without the magical influence of the rod ; and thus Mars ought to be always painted brandishing a cat-o'-nine-tails, and Minerva wielding a formidable handful of birch. It has, how. ever, been at leniztn discovered, that the boys who arc most flogged make the worst scholars, and we imagine it will be found to he o its true that the men whose backs undergo similar eastittation make :hc worst soltliirs. Letitia the discipline of the rod. and more of moral government, is aew exercised in schools in general, and certainly the interests of education have net suffered by the change aay more than those of decency. It is true that, as long as the punishment of the lash is used only in strict accordance with the rules of military law, and not made subservient to a wanton atal cruel exercise cf authority, which, we believe happens very rarely now-a-days, soldi ers h ave no just c.se of complai ai nt on the score of being liable to this punishment, because they enter the army with the knowledge of being subject, for certain offences and breaches of duty, to this sort of chastisement; but if mill. tary diseipline can be preserved, as we believe it can, without it, public old, ion has some right to be listened to when pleading for its abolition. it is certainly essential to the military system that it should mould masses of men into mere machines. But, while all self-will is destroyed, it is not necessaty that their feelings should be also extinguished ; on the contrary, their feelings might be usefully engaged on the side of their duty by such a system of rewards and puoishments as would best preserve manliness of character, and keep in a state of lively action the si ruse of honour and of shame. Some commanding officers have practised such methods of preserving disci pline with great success, and have been enabled to dispense with flog ging altogether. We know that any great reforio.as well in military as civil affairs, appears at felt difficult; but. convinced as we are that the army can be preserved in the Iti;.,thest said nest effective state of su bordination by means less revolting to reason and humanity than the punishment to' the cat-o'-niiie•tath, tr.: do crareit the Government to turn their attention to this subject, aril make the government of the army what the civilization of the a;:educiand. NAVAL INTELLIGexcL. The Frambingaren, Llarbuck, from St. ilarthelomtw's, has arrived at Bergen, in distress, hound to Gnrtenburgb. DIAL, OCT. 19. — Wind S. S.W.—At rived from Sheerness, and sailed, the Lady flarewood, Stonehouse, for New South Wales. Poanstouvit, ( k r. 19—Wind S.E.—Arrived his Majesty's ship Samarang, from the Nlediterratiean. Arrived the Amphitrite trans port, Murray, from Guernsey, and sailed for Shields. PLYMOUTH, OCT. 18.—Wind F.—Arrived the Con, I.e Grand, from Naples. nuanum, OCT. lB.—Wind &F. to KS-E.—Arrived the Sand wich packet, Schuyler, tram Lishon—sailed the 10th The Meteor steamer arrived at Lisbon on the Bth inst. Arrived the John Duns combe. Vidler, from Gibraltar. Off the port, the Rockers, Soper, from Grenada—experienced a hurricane from N.B. to N.W. on the 25th ult. in lat. 43. long. 41. SCILLY, Ocr. 16 and 17.—Arrived the St. George, Erwin, from Alexandria; Caledonia. Ilantwell, from Teneriffe • James, Stok e s, from Malaga; Boyn e , W arren , f rom B om b a y, an d Sultan, Boger., from Smyrna—the two latter off the port. Bums., Oct. 19.—Arrived the Sir Walter Scott, from Malaga. CARDIVIr, 0ce.1111.--Anithrdtbe Gratitude. Bakee,front Archangel. ',regimes, Om 14.Arthred the Jobn Stephens. •-----. from Newfoundland. Biu.rase, Oey. 17.—Arrived the Hero, Taylor, from London. Rasemem, OCT. 19.—Arched off the port, the Lord Nelson, Wil son, from Malaga. CITY DINNER TO TREIR MAJESTIES. ;dam: tick. 1% I sion to behold t.•e graz..! city dinm•: in the :i air to be issued. We may. then, as well mention th.tt which was acted on I,tird Mayor's Day, 1761, being tht• ceremonial of the entertainment to Ills 111ajt•.ty George 111. On that occasion the Issue of the tickets of admission wat a. follows : To the Wiest of the members of the emulator C.0t0,61, one each, to r.flletter the whole 234. 'Io the Lord Mayor elect, 12 black. To the two shads, each eight, black. To the Aldermen, not of the Con:wittee of 3lims3ement, six black each. To the Aldermen of the Committee, eigly. ear.k. '1 0 the Recorder, nix black. 'I%) the Common Councilmen of the Connui:l,-, 'twee bl.tck Ind °of! 1%7(1. To the representatives of the city in Parlisnier!. two We , . can. To the King's cooks, who are always engagd et. these CH two bhtek ; to the Town Clerk, two black ; to the Comtrion.S.rjcont, tae. block ; to the four Esquires of des• L rd olat•ut's ilouseh , l!, one each black; :a the senior attorney in the 1.. J Mayor':. C.our,. ~:;e black ; to the Comptroller of the Chamber, one black ; ta the C , .y Reinem brume:, one black, to the clerk of the commuter•, one 1, 1a . 71: the clerk, iu :he Town Clerk's office., two black ; to ti.e Comm, 41b rof the Briegc, etc black; and to the ziecraary of tite Irt.h Society, one black. HILL OF FARE AS SERVED UP 'T THE rqrst. TABLE IN GUILDHALL ON LOKD MAYOR'S DAY, 1761. King and Queen.—Each four services and removes. First Sertiet--Consisting of tureens, &ill, reni-tni.&c.—ttine dishes. Second Service—A fine roast ; ottolaus, quails, knots, ruffs, pea. chicks, dtc.—nine dishes. Third Service—Consisting of vegetable and made dishes, green peas, green morrells. green truffles, cardoom, &t dishes Fourth Service—Curious ornaments in pastry, j.lli .s, blue-maim.% cakes, &c.—nine dishes. Eight ot'the Royal Family.—Four on the right of the King, and four on the let ; each four services before them, as follows : First Serv;z .—consisting of venison, turtle, soups. ROI of every sort,—vie.. dorys, mullets, tutbots, beets, tench, soles, tc.—seven dishes. Sccxtu SCrvicc—Ortelsr.s, tears, quails. ruffs, snipes, partrilges, phea sants. ---seem dishes. Third Sere:e. —Vegetables and made cli;oes—green pest, atichokes, ducks' tongue., fat livers, & e .__ D i ac dishes. Fourth Service— l'urious ornaments in cakes (both savoury Ind sweit), jelli e s and idancaties:ts,in variety of shapes, figures, and eolouts—nine dishes. (lo the table where the Royal party tate, between t aelt of the services, were placed r.car loft cold ornamentals, and a grand epergne, filed with various kinds of sh:ll.fish, of various colours. Rot and col.: dishes 414, the dessert not included. It ,, YAL DOINGS IN THE CITY followin: laief notice of the visit of King Edward the Third to the City of Lainion in 1359, is quoted by Di. Meyrick from allS. at Cambridge. It is worthy of notice, ass singular example of the man. tiers of the olden time, and as affording a striking contrast with the in tend Al Royal visit on Lord Mayor's Day:—" In the year 149, about the latter end of May, to honour the citizens of London, King Edward 111. caused a solemn just to be proclaimed to be held in that city tor three days together, in which John Toni:kin, ; Join: B&T.1-:A and John Bury, ie Sheriffs, with their brethren :he Aitivinen, to the imbi ber of 21as ch:illengers, were to hold the field against all comers. Bat at the time appointed, in their stead, but in their name, came i e King privily, with his four sons, Edward Prince of Wah,s, Lionel. Joint, are! Edmund, with 19 other great Barons of Engi.in-i. The Lin; repro. seating the Mayor, the Prince the S,-nior a,:d so or, is preset:ea of the Kings of France and Scotlanti. and an fel haft; number of brats- Lora. They all bore oa their shields and surroats City arms. and maintaining the honour of the City so valiantly during the whole time, gave the greatest pleasure to the citizens when they 'rev: made acquainted with the truth." THE EX-KING OP FRANCE. The Scotsman of Saturday last copies the observations of Sir Walter Scott on the subject of the ex-King of France, adding the folio.' sensible observation.. We have no doubt the Scotch will not fail bi what is due either to themselves or the old man who has chosen to tai.: up his residence among them. Insult to an old man under misfortune would be disgraceful ; but any expression of sympathy which could :w possibility be construed into an approbation of his conduct would prov. that it was not without reason that he chose Edinburgh for libt place art residence. Our contemporary informs us, and we have no d•tuht env . reedy, that the above is from the pen of Sir 'Walter Scott. We cc nets: in the sentiments which it expresses, with one exception. We cot think we are at all honoured by this mark of confidence, or any mark of confidence which Charles of Bourbon could bestow upon our city ; and for many reasons we regret that lie is tr take up his resident. among us. We know not exactly what motive has induced Charles to tome to liolyrood. At ths time of his former visit, his object was t • seek refuge from his creditors ; but be can scarcely be in a comb:ion to need this sort of protection already. ROY AL SOCIETY. From the Liiirary Gaxelk. The Fellows ate still looking forward to the anniven , aty of M. An drew's Day with some degree of interest, though the affairs which have lately militated against the tranquillity of the Society may now he co.:. sidercd to be ins train of satisfactory adjustmeat. In a rem! Literary Gazette we mentioned certain communications which had taken place between the respected President ar.d his Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex, sad also between the former and the Council The correspand. cm: thus referred to seemed to imply contradictory proceedings, and 'o leave it doubtful whether his Royal Highness or Mr. Gilbert would ht elected President for the ensuing year. Since that period, however, we learn that Mr. Gilbert athireased another circular to the 31embers of the Council, stating, that since he had contradicted certain vague al. lotions to his retirement, he had received official information that his Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex was disposed to become the future President of the Society. Mr. Gilbert further states, that in consequence of this intimation, it is his in. tention to withdraw, and, as tar as he is concerned, to promote the Royal Duke's unanimous election. It is understood that, tinder a Prince of the Blood Royal and so near the throne, there wiii not only be no Ili. propriety, but a positive advantage, in the President'. resumieg but stattou as Vice. President and Treasurer, and thus cnroinuing to give the Institution the valuable support to be derived (rem ids high scien tific endowments, Mihience, and services. The F.:ice/a. pc ruby, as far as we have met with those to whom t h is proay.ctivc entreat was known, express themselves much pleased with it ; though al •s 114. memos a body, with its division of aatrentoutts and mashes. niaticians, there may probably be a suu.ll minority of elbse.. tient' ; but we think the proposed measures must Lc very t.t er ptable to a er.st Tr. jii rity, us they bid fair to be beneficial to the St tiety and to t! e slat , of science in the coun.ry. It is probable that, at the. ame time, some nte .ifi. cations of the charter will be introduced, oy fr antor no/ by-Sae:s with peer to the selection of papers to be read, he ;:u Olit :a ion ef . the ballot and qualith s of members proposed tot eltetiovi. and foots en less c.onsespieee. te!tere incoroseniences an- t hey% dto exist. Scow project is spoken rt for dividing the Society into two classy%; the me to consist of men of distingukted scientific pursuits arse: attainment; and the other of iiidividuals of rank and station. of note arse literature, but net engaged in the actual investigation of oij.eta for which this Royal Incorporation was fourded. Ben this we presume, is but private speculation. What is mere likely to be done, and will, we have reason to believe, lie suggested by Royal President, is to remodel the society i nt o istirct Committees, as sr the French Institute, to which the different miners hroug!.t forward sill be submitted for consideration and seatetion. It.: this means !tic time And abilities of the gmeral body will not in the first instance he woo', d on crude 17 unimportant subjects ; aced tie repent of competent judge. rift guide it either in adopting the discussions 0: prosecuting the eel t trees which ingenuity may offer, or rejecting them as nnessemial c,c mire .n. ded. This, we think, will be a marked improvement en the constitution,. practice, and national utility of the f'crierj.— What other alterations his Royal Highness may wish to snake for the better regulation of the Society. the catahlishment of far. many among its alembers, and the universal interests of nice re, the progress of time will unfold : several points silica promise to hilly form good fruits are &heady obvirets. The King's pilaw ..1 and ins.siediate patronage is ore of these. As ether is tic pa. anise 4:41 accomplishments e f his Royal Hi e :horse reiffbN• if— !.e your ble to the dignified nth remise wh.eh the load al st.ch an institution ought to maintain both at home A r a i ;t ee m & demand that his Royal fliOness has derlartd lets it:nation of re ceiving the relieves of she Society, and eA. butted fere !vets who sa!e this countri at h:. Palace at Kensington. di ( ree i nel.t fixed tints, ill'7ll 111 the morning as 41 ever ing. so as so suit the n s venteaey of al!. This clone would bar piodig;nus be.., ; but wbei. we add to the scale personal appeerata the manna r., the affability. and the intelfigenee ef the Royal Mk,, ae ..re disposed to valise it yet more h ghly. His Royal Highreos speaks three or fo ur f ore i gn languages Nut oily, Irma',. Italian, and 1.. rutau ; he is read in ancient classic Inman& ; he delivers his opinanci either in addressing the public or in private convelsatie with great fiats er i.e d effect ; ar d it will I.e allowed that he parisessts. in an ample depiet. the rcimist:es for att::et Mg to himself the respect and !egad of those whom he honoups by his sordereensicts, os mote in timate :.ssoctation. Thes are all cot. id, rations to reedit. the antiei pattd proceedings moat agreeable to the Royal Society ; and so oer statement, besides ccnyeying the infinneition to our reader', i. meant ta congratulate thesis on the termination I f efts unpleasa n t business, at el not to eulogise or flatter their princely Powell tit tat f111:110, we rhai DOW only add the word Yak. The wife of the celebrated Quiroga is living in retirement at aleloea. ' a 1 1 !. • !) ; ' •