Star. — London, England, 1830-07-26 00:00:00

SPIRIT OF THE JOURNALS. Tcatzs.—We have already noticed at considerable length the re port of the Select Committee of the House of Commons on thestate of our manufacturing population, and on the evils arising from a frequent and sudden ebb or flow of the demand for labour. The former extracts which we made from that report had reference to the causes of the evil, and to their magnitude: we now present the remedy recommended by the committee; or, more strictly, their " outline of a plan for gradually mitigating the evil. The plan is in substance nothing more than the exception to a benefit society, under in some respects a novel form, the same legal facilities and privileges which are already given to benefit societies of the or dinary character, and to savings' banks. At the same time we ad mit tfat it is a very valuable improvement on the benefit-society system as at present in most cases established, to limit the re sponsibility of each contributor to the scale of his own necessi ties. and to prevent any encroachment by the society at large upon the funds advanced by individuals for the sake of any but the party who has actually furnished them. Each member will thus derive advantage from the institution, in the precise ratio of his own deposits, and it follows that persons of the most frugal and'providlent habits will enjoy: he most ample as sistarce when compelled to seek it. The observations which are subjoined to the plan go first to enumerate its proposed advantages, and afterwards to answer objections which have been, or may be, adduced against it. ‘l'e heartily concur in one shrewd remark of the committee on the subject of insufficient wages being eked out by allowances from the poor-rates, vie. that " it is much better a manufacture so upheld should be lessened (or indeed abandoned) rather than extend itself by a practice utterly unjust as regards the rate of payers, and ruinous to the comfort and independence of the working classes." It is, to be sure, something audacious as well as iniquitous that the rate payers generally should be, as they often are and have been, called upon to assist either farmers or ma nufacturers in paying their respective workmen. ERALT.—The representation of the great and populous city of Westminster has, for a considerable time past, been held on nearly as easy terms as any sinecure M the kingdom; yet the electors of 'Westminster profess an exterminating hostility to sinecurists el id anise genus ! How is this ? It surely is not to be accounted for by the elective franchise being in the hands of a select few, who impose upoa the inhabitants at large whatever persons they, In the corrupt abuse of their privilege, may deem sufficiently qualified, by a want of virtue, energy, and honest zeal, to perform an Idle part in the pageantry of mock representation. 14o; Westminster enjoys, in a large sense, the right of sending members to Parliament. If the electors do not send persons capable of serving the pub. lie, and willing to do their duty, who can they blame ? If they exercise the elective franchise basely or blindly, what right have they to denounce rotten boroughs, and exclaim aainst the corruptions of the Government ? They have Sir Francis Burdett. totmerly a most vehement reformer, but latterly as obsequious a flatterer of the Ministry as the most zealous oppo• nent of reform could desire—a reformer who has not Introduced into the House of Commons a single practical measure to relieve the country of its burdens—a politician who declared in his place in Parliament that the army—yes, the " standing army," on which he used to exhaust all his constitutional indignation—was the '• best school for statesmen ;" a champion of the liberty of the Press who defended the Attorney-General when he received the just castigation of the House for his es officio persecutions of that my l'ress, which the electorsof Westminster, with their Members at their head, were wont to toast with exemplary devotion in their a Purity of Election" libations. They have also Mr. Hobhouse, whose merits in any other way than as being the shadow of Sir Francis Burdett it would be difficult to discover. Sir Francis Burdett is, indeed, an orator, which Mr. Hobhouse is not. The former can speak to the purpose, if he will ; but it matters little that a man should, at patriotic dinners. indulge in fine phrases about freedom, the public cause, and reform, or, on one or two occasions, in the course of the Session, make a good set holyday speech, if he will not be constant in his attendance at his post, to watch and resist the ene mies of the peop:e, and to lay his shoulder to the wheel of Peril mentary business. The country now, above all times, wants, in the Legislature, men of working qualities, who can and will attend to the interests of their constituents and of the public—men who will not talk about reform out of doors, and leave venality to its undi sturbed repose within. It is therefore we should be glad to find that Sir Sidney Smith and Captain Peliew had re solved to come forward and offer themselves for Westminster. Of the eminent services which the former rendered to his country, in her day of exceeding peril, we need not remind the public. The glory gathered at Acre lives in the imperishable record of history. Capt. Pellew is less known ; but he bears a name that is associated with honourable recollections We should, at all events, like to see the electors of Westminster vindicate the freedom of election, which they seem to have surrendered, and try what they can do with " new men," if it were for no other reason than that it is easy to find better representatives than their late members, and almost impossible to find worse. HERALD.—It was, we believe, very generally expected, that the order so promptly given by his Majesty, for opening a passage into the Park at the bottom of Waterloo-place, would have been as promptly obeyed by those on whom its execution devolved. It seems, however, that this is a bitter pill, which certain patrons find it ex. ceedingly di ffi cult to swallow ; and the numerous pewees along Pall-mall and down Regent-etreet, who day by day cast their eyes wistfully towards the expected aperture, still find the total bar. tier remaining untouche& We can readily conceive that such things are not done in a moment (tho' where there is a willing mind, procrastination seldom intervenes); nor should we, therefomi notice the delay in this case, did we not perceive it hinted in the columns of a contemporary that means are resorting to in a certain quarter either to defeat entirely, or, at any rate, circumvent, the kind intentions of the king. We have no fear, however, that the former will he permitted ; though we have our ap prehenaions that the latter may be the case, and that the accommo dation may end, for instance, in the shape of something like a spiral staircase, unless the same kind-hearted, noble-minded individual, from whose spontaneous good-will the suggestion has sprang, con descend to see his own wishes executed, not only in their letter, but in their spirit. No one having any regard either for taste or con venience, can doubt, we should imagine, that the proposed opening ought to comprise a handsome carriage as well as foot en trance into the Park, with gates corresponding with the situ'. tion and flanked by handsome lodges. Considering the ready ac. cm which this will give to Peers, Members of Parliament, and other official persons passing along Pall-mall and Regent-street to. wards Westminster, there can be no doubt but that the projected opening, thus effected, would be a general boon to all, and quite as great an accommodation to the highest as to the lowest of the peo ple. At all events we have no doubt but that his Majesty, who is " every inch a King, " will not permit his own kind intentions, or the expectations of his subjects, to be thwarted by any of those official underlings who have hitherto poesessed an influence which they have always upopularly exercised, and are loath to relinquish. Cueonicti.—Many persons are exceedingly puzzled to under stand the phenomena peculiar to the present elections. Counties may be said to be everywhere going a begging. The populous venal boroughs too, find some difficulty in obtaining third candidates to prevent the two from walking over the course. The value of the franchise to a free-born Englishman is the number of pounds, shil lings and pence It brings in to him ; and nothing seems such a vio. lation of his rights and privileges as any understanding among the candidates by which the voters are prevedted from playing offs third man against the two, os by which the out-voters are prevented from making a trip to the country to visit their relations at the expense of the candidates. We lately saw a printed advertisement is sued by a third party of a well-known borough, about thirty miles from London, in which the Members announce their displeasure that the ine and the outs have hitherto deprived them of their fair share of the advantage of the franchise, and express a deter. ruination that in future they will always vote for one Ministerial candidate, and such other candidate as may best contribute to advance their particular interests. Such is the miserable degraded state to which Englishmen have been brought. Such is the language which, in this moral and religious country, men de. not hesitate to commit to the Press ! It is not, we think, difficult to account for the circumstances which are peculiar to the present election. In the first place, the sum to be scram bled for is becoming less and less every year, while the expense of the elections is every year increasing. During the war, while we were expending one hundred millions a year, it was wor th , while, as a speculation, to lay out a large sum in an election contest to ob. tam a share of the contracts, &c. The temptation was at that time too great for the virtue of most individuals of this religious nation. Mr. Waithman and the City Patriots were a small minority during the era of contracts. The members of the Stock Exchange hummed when war was declared against France. This was the golden age; loans and contracts, jacobin alarms, a strong government, bribery and corruption—all were dovetailed into each other. Rut with peace came reckoning, and the race of calculators and economists. Mr. flume succeeded to Mr. Pitt. Figures of arithmetic took the place of figures of speech. The annuitants swallow the greatest part of the revenue, and the borough.holders, like the horse-leech, may cry Ilive--but they cry in vain—there is little to give. The ex ponce of Elections has been continually in cre asing from many causes, till at last the higher ranks have found themselves unequal to the expense. In England there is a great unwillingness to let any set of men long continue to enjoy the monopoly of good things. Hence in many Boroughs de progressive Increase of the number of voters. Thirty years ago, for instance, Warwick had from five to six hundred voters. Then the Castle metrived to re turn both Members. Till the late Mmber, Mr. Ledbrookes time, it was considered a Treasury Borough. The voters are now upwards of 1200. The purchase of 1200 voters is a very different thing from the purchase of 400. In the same manner, Stafford, which had not above four hundred voters in the time of Mr. She. ridan, has now upwards of MO. Every where the number of voters ' has been doubled and trebled. In Coventry they have been trebled during the last thirty.five years. In Leicester they have been trebled. In Liverpool they have be trebled . In Prates they have been trebled. Reform will take place to a considerable ex- I tent in England, not because the voters are less mrraaary, far the ideas of voters are so perverted, that they deem the sale of a vote as proper as the sale of a horse or a cow l but because they are not worth purchasing. The last Leicester election, for instance, cost' Mr. Brans 19,0001. and upwards, and Mr. Otway Cave upwards of 10 , 0001. It cost Sir Charles Hastings, the an-1 didate of the Corporation, 16,0001. and the Corporation, what with their generosity towards Sir Charles. and their quarrel with Mr. Cave, spent sixteen thousand pounds, the greatest part of which is said to be yet unpaid. Without any con test, Yorkshire cost Mr. Marshall upwurds of 30,0001. Warwick. shire is mid to have cost a gentleman, to stand against a subscrip. Lion Candidate, above 27,0001. In this case there was no bribery. Stafford cost Mr. Beaumont 14,0001. It cost the losing candidate upwards of 6,000 L Every one has heard of what Camelford cost the Marquess of Cleveland, till the arrangement with the Marquess of Hertford. The Members who were returned for the Marquess paid the voters in 11. notes, inclosed in a deal box, marked " China." The Clive family can tell a pretty story, if they please, of what Ludlow has cost them. The great source of ex. pence is the conveyance of out-voters. It is well known that the out-voters in London and other great towns will always sell themselves to the man who pays their expences, and allows them to visit their relations gratis. So profligate are these five-born Englishmen, that it is impossible to get these men to poll till the very last, without an undertaking that if they poll early they shall have as many feeds as if they reserved their votes. Wealth can always carry the day where there are outvoters. In the last election for Northumberland, Mr. Beaumont is said to have lost 100,0001. The competition seems now to have taken a turn. We now see profligate voters holding out their hands every where to profligate Members ; but as the latter are no longer full.handed, their profli gacy is no longer profitable. Free-born Englishmen will at last be forced to be pure, because Members are too poor to buy them. Pros titution, like every thing else, may be in excess. We must be vir tuous in spite ourselvee, when it is of no use to be vicious. FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. (From the Moniteur of Friday, July 23.) TELEGRAPHIC DESPATCH. TOULON, JULY 20, 3 o'cLoce, P.M. THE MARITIME PREFECT TO 1115 ZICCELLEXCY THE MI NI/TER OF MARINE. The Dey of Algiers, with all his suite, was on the 16th on board the Jeanne D'Are, which was at anchor in the road of Mahon. This news was brought by the Dutch brig of war L'Echo, which has just arrived here. The first report of the GeneraLin.Chief of the Army in Africa, which was inserted in the Moniirur of the 22d June last, repeated an error committed in the copying, which our readers might easily perceive, but which we think it necessary to point out on account of the historical importance of all the documents relative to this expedition. This reportibegan thus :—"The fleet which the exportations of the landing flotilla had detained above 18 days in the Be'y of Palma. sailed on the 10th June." The fleet arrived at Palma on the 2d of that month, and•therefore it remained there 8 days, and not 18. (The Moniteur here corrects another error in the same report, and affirms that none of the cattleahips were lost, and that the vessels in general suffered but little damage.) (From the glided parr the Moniteur.) qf " REPORT TO THE KING. " ST. CLOUD, JULY 20. "Stn.,—ln n few days the valour of your army and navy has placed in your hands the destiny of Algiers, and of the country de. pendent upon the Regency. I have the honour to propose to your Majesty to record by a monument this glorious exploit, and to ordain, 1. That a rostral column, surmounted by a pharos, be erected in the road of Toulon. " 2. That the names and the numbers of the corps and of the vessels composing the army and the fleet, and those of the 7eneral and superior officers who commanded them, be inscribed on the base of the column. " 3. That the ornament which shall decorate this monument be executed in bronze, make from the cannon taken at Algiers.' " Your army, Sire, will find in this derision of your Majesty the most honourable recompense, and a new motive of gratitude and love. I am with the most profound respect, &c. &e. &c. (Signed) " Baron D'HAUSSEZ.' " Approved " ' CHARLES. " By the King, Baron D'H AIMEE." Front the Gazette de France, July 24. Pasts, JULY 23.—The reports of ext raordinary measures be. fore the convocation of the Chambers continue to be propagated in public. Several journals even this morning speak of the annulling of the election of the 221. We persist in believing that these reports have no foundation, and that the session will be opened on the 3:1 of August next. It is not a theory which we examine, but a piece of news which we give. All the measure' are taken in the offices of the Intendant oft he King's Household, of the Grand Master of the Ceremonies, and of Captains of the Guards, for the open ing of the Chambers on the 3.1 of August. The indications and ions are in progress for the mass of the Holy Ghost, which ri e lff at eeelebrated in the church of Notre Dame. on the 3d August, in the presence of his Majesty and the Royal Family, and for the Royal sittings, which will take place in the Louvre, as usual, on the ad of August. The sealed letters of his Majesty, for the con. vocation of the Chambers, have already been sent to the Peers of France, and will be forwarded to the Deputies as soon as all the no minations are known. There is no foundation for the report spread at Toulon that a division of our army in Africa, commanded by the General in Chief in person, was on its march to Constantine'. GERMANY. Nvarmszto, Jinx 14.—A letter from Dresden, inserted in the General Advertiser tel the Germane, says, " Great sensation has been excited here by the prohibition of a pamphlet not yet pub lished, by Alexander Mller, Councillor in the service of Saxe Weimar, whose exertions directed against Jesuitism and mysticism are well known. It is prohibited under a penalty of five dollars, and the Decree of the Supreme Ecclesiastical Court, addressed to the booksellers and printers, is as follows " Anthony, King of Saxony, /cc. " Worthy and well-beloved, &c.—As we are informed that • work of an offensive nature, called ' The Canonical Guardian,' by Alexander Milner, is to be published by Brockhass, at Leipzic, &e. we desire to prevent the publication and circulation of the same. We hereby request you to give the necessary orders to booksellers and printers. " This is our will. " Ballow VON FIICHEI, "Dresden, May 21. " GOTTLIEB ST. HEYMANN. —Nuremberg Correepeudest, July 17." Er.ixaexto, July 14—Yesterday there was a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Rhenish West India Company, at which N. Becher, the sub-director, read a report on the af fairs of the Company, of which the following are extracts —We are happy to say that the expectation which we expressed at our last meeting (in February this year) respecting Mexico, have been fully realised. Our report' are of the 6th of May, from the capital, and of the 9th, from the coast. The political situation of the country was improved, and the Government consoli. dated ; trade had become more WOE, and the stock of goods in our warehouses much reduced. The older consignments had been, indeed, sold with a loss, but the latter with profit, and our agents in Mexico were anxious for the arrival of the cargoes last sent, which were detained so long this spring by the dura tion of the frost. in fall confidence of being able to sell them to advantage. The receipts, and, consequently, the remittances of many, have become more regular than ever • and since the Wt Wan we have received remittances to the full amount of 350,000 dollars fur us end our employers. Our agents here write " That the Mexican Government, with the confidence of the better classes on its side, had now acquired the respect of the people in general, and did its utmost to promote order, security, and the prosperity of the country, that the finances had already improved under the abort administration of the Minister senor klangino, and that, therefore, Government should retain the ma nsgetnent of affairs. There is the best-founded expectation of tranquillity, stability, and an improvement of commerce." Belying on this opinion, the Directors have extended the commerce with Mexico, as far as the circumstances of the Company will permit. FRAN crorr, JULY 17..(112Chlifge on Landon.)—Two months, 151. TIE ARVY. LIMERICK. JULY 21. On the arrival of the 36th from Ireland at Barliadoess, the 27th will return to Cork The 35th regiment, on being replaced by the 60th at Barbadoes, are ordered to Portsmouth. One Major-General will he struck off the Irish staff; and Sir G. Bingham at Cork is to be removed, his period of service having expired; and Major-General Thornton at Armagh is to be trans ferred to Jong. Only one of these Mara will be replaced. Many of the Lieutenent.Coloneb of the Line have now been in that rank 10, 15, and even 20 years, and served during the whole of the lase arduous war. Capt. Norms, 511th regiment, from London, has joined his re giment here thb day. The Hen. Nathaniel Massy, brother of Lord Clarion, is ap pointed to a Majority in the 87th Fustian. LlrsnAstr INTELLIGENCI To those who watch the signs of the times, and wish to see the germination of seeds which may promise trees of important =studs, we recomm en d, i n their range of inquiry, to peruse the 12 1. monthly publication ailed " The British C,o.operator." A friend has placed in our hands the two last numbers, and they have impressed us with the truth of what we have above stated.— We possess no personal knowlet:ge of any of the Co-operative So cieties, as they are termed, or their proceedings; and we do not mean, at present, to offer any observation on what appears to be their tenets, or objects ; but we feel it our duty to call the pubile attention to what we perceive, without doubt, taking p Lce — that ice, their rapid increase. It appears, from these pamphlets, that there are now three hundred societies of this kind in England ; and the details we read of their operations, show forth a consistency of con duct that, we must confess, surprises us a little • for what we have always thought would prove the destruction of their plans, was, that we saw no adequate security against the many becoming the dupes of occasional individual unworthiness,—which every sound viewer of societies, made up of the " wild beast, man," should consider as a probable contingency. ‘Vbetiter the plans are Utopian, or not, they are now in a fair way of b e i ng f a i r ly brought to the philosopher's test; they are in the way of submission to the test of experience, and we shall feel it our duty to watch the events, and report fairly the result. On some future opportunity, we may probably take a view of the theory on which these societies are founded; but, at present, we hue not time, nor adequate information, to satisfy our. selves on the subject. Among many novelties in these two small numbers, we are struck with a communication from Cincinnati, in America, on a cheap printing apparatus. Any thing tending to facilitate printing, we consider of the first importance, and therefore shall extract the substances? the letter : " REDUCTION 171 TAI COST OF PIIIIITINO APPARATUS.— It is well known, by those who have considered the subject, that printing is a power that peens, the destinies ofeinnkind : and therefore those who can control the printing press, can control their fellow creatures. " The fundamental importance of thew considerations, induces the subscriber to make known, in the most effectual meaner, the results of a series of experiments, instituted with the hope of bring ing the printing press equally within the reach of all. " Preparations for casting types have been made with the expense of about twenty days labour, with the use of white.smiths' tools, and about firs dollars in money. In this department, labour and money expenses have been diminished, in many particulars ; the most important of which is, the substituting matrices of lead, stamped with types, instead of matrices of copper, stamped with steel punches • whereby the difficult and expensive business of cut. ting steel punches is avoided, and the casting of types, which is now monopolised by monied capital, can be effected by almost any per. son of common intelligence, without apprenticeship, and without dependence on capitalists. " A printing press has been constructed of a stone platform, and a roller of 'trill dent weight to give the impression, supported at the ends by bearers, which keep is at a proper height above the types, to admit the clothing mid paper between. The necessary cost Of this press is aboutfioe d lye simple labour; while it requires an experienced workman to make the common press, and it costs from two to three hundred dollars. " Labour and expense have been diminished in other particulars. which cannot easily be described here. It may suAlice to say, that the materials employed in Miscortowstnsicatiort, can be manufactured for about 23 dollars ; twice this size, for about thirty-five, and in • smaller proportion, as the size increases ; while the common printing establishments cost from about four bunt.red to two thou sand dollars. _ _ " Preparations are now making to supply those who prefer to pup. chase these materials, rather than make than. They will be ma nufactured and sold upon the principle of labour jor labour ; and it may be useful to inform those who are unacquainted with the fact, that the art of using types may be acquired by female.. or chi). then in a few hours." THE HAYMARKET. Saturday evening, the pennormances at this theatre concluded with UAINICIL'S very amusing farce of " Hon Ten." We may call the present performance a revival, and it has proved so success ful, that the Manager will no doubt favour the public with frequent repetitions of it. Whatever objections may lie against the produc tions of the old school of dramatists, it is impossible to deny that in strength in power—in all that can be termed the essential of the Drama, they are far—very &r.-414th few exceptions) Bawler to any thing that has yet emanated front the pens of the mo race. Why this is so, would be foreign to our purpose, at present, to in quire : the cause, however, is pretty obvious. Although there is nothing novel in the plot of " Bon Ton," there is a sparkling of wit about the dialogue, and such an air of liveliness and elegance per vading the piece throughout; at the same time that it lashes, pretty freely, the vices and the follies of fashionable life, as strongly and strikingly contrasts with the petty puerilities and Frenchified hashes which it is now uniformly the custom to serve up to an English audience. The characters in the piece were very well cam. Reays, VINING. WILLIAMS, Miss F. H. KELLY, and Miss 11101 DAUNT, had the principal parts, and acquitted themselves very successfully. Miss KELLY, who looked extremely well, and whom we should be glad to see more frequently before the public, was received with ap. plause on her entrance ; and certainly such a compliment is de. servedly due to a lady who, in the present state of the stage, is alike distinguished by high professional talent and the excellencies of pd. rate life. We know the tribute to be well merited, and we render it cheerfully. ASSIZES.-(RECEIVED THIS DAY.) OXFORD CIRCUIT.-.OXFORD, JULY 24. PRITCHARD T. AUSTIN., This was action brought on a romixory-note for 2001. drawn by the father of the defendant. The action was brought against the defendant as executor of his late father. The hand-writing of the defendant having been admitted, Mr. Sergeant It ussru. raid, the defence to this action was, that at the time Mr. Austin, ten. gave this note of hand he was not in a state capable of managing his affairs. If he proved this fact, the defendant would be entitled to a verdict. It was proved, that on the day the note bore date, he went to a neighbour's house, and said he was going :e:give all his property away, he w in a very hurried state, ttl was said he was going to give a note of hand to Pritchard (the plaintiff,) for his son and (the defendant) had sold his mother, and was a" go between" with her and Harry Williams. Pritchard was his son.in.lay. There was also a person named Walton, that' married another daughter, and who also received a similar note for 2001. which he (Walton) however, had given up. In the even ing of that day he went home to the poor old woolen, his wife, and with great exultation called out—" I have done it, I have done it." His wife was alarmed and asked what he had done ? "Oh (be replied,) you will know soon enough ; I have done something tor that devil of a Tom for selling his mother." —lie supposed that Williams had promised his son the whole of his property for favouring his intrigues with old Mrs. Austin. Th< Learned Counsel said a more dutiful or affectionate son tl:an the defendant never existed, and as it had been proved that the note which formed the subject of the present action had been given whilst Austin was labouring under such unaccountable &In. sion, both in law, and agreeble to common sense, the defendant war entitled to a verdict.—Mr. TAITXTON replied. He said a tither had a just right to make whatever distribution of his prorrty he thought proper, and if he gave more to one child than another, that was no reason why he should be accounted mad. He thought there was nut sufficient evidence to convince the Jury that be was inca pable of managing his affairs. and therefore the verdict must be fur the plaintiftl-31r. Justice BOSAKQUET summed up, and the Jury immediately returned a verdict for the defendant. CHURCHILL ?. PARKER. The plaintiff is a farmer, and the defendant a corn-facto► in this city. The action was brought to recover the sum of 341.6 a. 4d. the amount of 2equartera of barley, which the plaintiff had sold to the defendant. The defendant admitted that the barley had been sent in to his warehouse, and that the sum now Nought to he reco vered was the price agreed to be paid ; but the defence was. that the barley had been bought by sample, and when it was compared with the sample, it was found not to be so good, or worth as much by 2s. a quarter; the defendant, therefore, refused to pay for it, and told the plaintiff he might take it away again. Several witnesses proved that the bulk sent in to the defendant's warehouse was infe rior to the sample, and the Jury, under the direction of the Learned Judge, returned a verdict for the defendant It being market day, a great number of farmers were in court, who appeared to take con siderable interest in the decision. THE WEATIIER.---The fa weather from Whitsunday 1829, from the day-book of a gentleman counties of Scotland : State of weather from Whitson- day to Martinmas. _ I Alowing is a register of the till Whitsunday 1830, compiled l's overseer in one of the southern State of weather from Martin. Days. Sunshine 20 Dry and cloudy • Showery ... 96 Frost I Snow filling I mu till Whitsunday. Days. Frost, without snow ... sh . !mow lying .. .. 36 Snow falling heavy ... I Mild, not frosty ... 21i Dry and cloudy ... 36 Shovel'', with wind .. 44 Sunshine ... ... 12 Thunder, with showers 1 - 185 INDEX 70 Till SESSION. At the commencement elan Seosion,says a Sunday paper, wegave a sketchy outline of the principal measures that were expected to be brought under the cumideration of Parliament. Thirteen sut, jests we then specified, in anticipation ; they were the following— /Rate of the Nation; Malt and Beer Duties; Currency ; Church Property and Abuses; Commutation of Tithes; Crown Lands; Public Charities ; E. 1. Company's Charter ; Coal Trade ; Re. trenament ; Parliamentary Reform ; Property Tax ; Colunies. Of these, twelve have been debated on motion, and the thirteenth (the P roper y Tax) was incidentally discussed. So far the opinion we expressed has been justified. We trust the following retros pect will prove acceptable to onr readers, as it afford,' " a bird s-eye view" of the whole business of the Session, with the divisi..ns on all the principal questions in both houses : FEBRUARY, Thursday, 4111.—Both houses of parliament met this day, and the speech from the throne was read by the Lords Commissioners. The leading topics alluding to—were, the mainte nance of friendly relations with foreign powers ; the pacification and final settlement of Greece ; the termination of hostilities between Russia and the Ottmnan Porte ; the minting of Portugal ; the redue. don of the public expenditure; the proposed improvements in the administration of justice; the increase of the export ttade ; an ad mission of distress amongst the agricultural and manufacturing classes in some parts of the kingdom, ascribed to the unfavnur 'hie seasons, and other causes beyond the reach of legislative control or reniedv ; and finally, a recommendation to maintain inviolate the public credit. The address in answer to the speech was moved by the Duke of Buccleugh, seconded by Lord Saltoun, on which F.arl Stanhope moved an amendment declaratory of universal distress, on which the house divided, and there being a majority of 62 in favour of mi. nisters, the address was agreed to. In the house of Commons, me address was moved by Lord Darlington. seconded by Mr. Ward, one of the members for the City of leindon, on which Sir Edward Knatchbull moved an amendment, declaring distress to prevail amongst all the productive interests of the country. (In a division, there appeared a majority of 85 in favour of ministers, and the ad dress was consequently adopted. Both houses adjourned over till the Monday following. Monday, Bth.—(Commons.)—Motion for a committee of supply to his Majesty by the Chancellor of the Exchequer; amendment by Mr. Hume. recommending a diminution of taxes, and a decrease of the public establishments, in order to afford immediate relief to the country. For the amendment, IS ; Against it, 184. Majority in favour of ministers, 115. Committee of supply of agreed to . Tuesday, 9th —(Commons.)—Petitions from several places were presented against the renewal of the East India Conipany's charter, and praying for a repeal of various duties. Lord John Rutted) motion for papers relative to the settlement of Greece, met by a de claration from ministers, that it was intended to. establish the aide. pendenee of that country, and to take it from under the dominion of Turkey. Wednesday, 10th.—(Commons.).—Mr. feel intimated his inten. tion to hting in a bill to 'Wish the payment of fees by persons acquitted on criminal prosecutions. Thursday, 1 Ith.—( borde.)—Motion by Lord Alelbourn, for papers relating to the affisirs;of Portugal, lost by a ntajority of 31 favour of minister*. Same Day.—(Commons.)--111r. Secretary Peel brought forward a plan for the better administration of justice in F.ngland and %Nist,s, with a view to the abolition of fees in courts of law The Niarquis of Blandford'e motion for .parliamentary reform negatived on sion—for it 57, against it 106. majority in favour of ministers 109. Friday, 14th.--(Commotut.)—ln a committee of supply, two sums of 4,6,00,0001. and 4,000,0901. were granted for the service of the year. on account of funds remaining from 1829. in the Excite. mum The Chancellor of the Exchequer announced reductions vt the amount of 1,300,0001. in the civil and military departments. Mr. Hume moved further reductions of the land forces—negativeti on a division, and estimates agreed to. Tuesday, Ifith.—(Lords.)--Motion by Earl Stanhope fur a coot mince of the whole house, to inquire into the internal state of tie country, with a view to some efficient measure of relief. The ex istence of general dietressfjpertinaciously denied by ministers, trio had a majority of 93 on a division. Only 82 peers present at this debate; there were 61 proxies. Same Day.—(Commons)--Lord John Russell's motion for ex. tending the elective franchise to Leeds, Manchester, Birmingham and other great towns, negatived on division, the numbers being for the motion, 140, against it, 188. Monday, 22d.—(Comtnotts.) —Petition and motion, by Mr. C. P. Thomas, for a select committee, to inquire into the influence exer cised by the Duke of Newcastle, in effecting the return of riflemen. tatives for the borough of Newark, contrary to the fundamental principle of the constitution. Motion negatived by a majority et 133. Motion by Sir Charles Wetherell for copies of the proceed. Inge under a-officio information for libels against the government, individually and collectively, published in the Morning Journal newspaper, was agreed to. Motion by :sir John Newport, with a view to a reform of abuses in the Irish church establishment—stio. den withdrawn, on an assurance being given by ministers that the subject should be investigated. 111AUCII—Tuesday, 2d.—(Commons.).—Motion by Mr. Wilmot Horton, for a committee of the whole house, to consider the state of the poor of the United Kingdom, with a view to the encourage. meat of emigration on an extensive scale, and a proportionate re. duetion of the poor's rates. The principle opposed by Sir F. Burdett and Sir George Murray, and motion withdrawn. The At. torney.Oeneral brought in a bill fin. the assimilation of the %I' elch judicature to that which existed in England, by the abolition of the bml juriodletion, and the appointment of three additional judges in the law courts of England • bill read a second time. Motion by Lord Palmerston for papers relating to Portugal, and the usurp;. that of Don Miguel, with a view to the recognition of Donna Marie's claim to the throne of that Country. On the part of minister* it was contended, that the British Government were not bound to in. teem, though the atrocities of the usurper were admitted—motion post by a majority of seventy-seven in favour of tr.inisters. Thursday, 4th.—(Commons.).—On the motion of Mr. Rice, a select committee was appointed to inquire into the condition of the Irish poor. Friday, sth.—(Commons.)—Sir James Graham's motion for abolishing the office of Treasurer of the Navy, by which a saving of 3,0091. might &effected—was lost by a majority of 98 in tot. your of Ministers. Monday, Bth.-(Commons)-The Chancellor of the Exchequer brought forward the budget, announcing the intention of govern. meat to remit the whole of the beer duties, which, including the coats of collection. would amount to 4400.0001. in favour of the country I the reminion of the duties on leath.s to 340.0001. and those on cider to 60,0001. making an actual r Altmann of Lanes .0 the extent of nearly 5,080,0001. lle op osed to increase the ilu.y lon Irish and Scotch spirits 2d. per and English spirits Is. per gallon. An extremely animated debate ensued ; some hon. members insisting, that the reduction of the malt duty would have been a more beneficial measure-others recommended a graduated property tax ; whilst another party suggested the repeal of the coal duties, and the remission e taxes on all excisable articles. Tile re. solutions were eventually agreed to. Tuesday, 9th.-(Commons).-Mr. F. Davenport moved for a committee of the whole house, to inquire into the causes which led to the distressed state of the couturv.-Dehate adjourned. Mr. Ei: tie ton brought in a bill to compel tile payment of labourers wages to be made in money. Thursday, llth.-(fommonal- Debate on Mr. Davenport's um. tion on the state of the country resumed, in which, on the aniailf,- tial side, the distress was ascribed to unfavourable venons anti lin. provident speculations in trad $ another class attributed it to the change in the currency ; and a third to excessive taxation.-Debate again adjourned. Same Day.-(Lords.)--Motion by the Duke of Richmond fen a select committee to inquire into the condition of the laboatiLq classes, and the ;frees of taxation on productive industry. The or,. venality of dieter.* was again strongly denied by ministers, and the motion was negatived by a majority of 80 legal:lst it. Friday, 12th -(Commons.)-The adjourned delete on Mr. Davenport's motion resumed ; Mr. Secretary Peel insisted that there was evidence of growing general prosperity in the country, although distrese might exist in some places. Debate again adjourned. Monday. herli..-(Lords.)- The Lord Chancellor brought in a bill to facilitate the administration of jlistice. o rad a first time. Same Day.- (l'ommona.)-Mr. Secretary Peel intimated an in. tention of bringing in a bill to amend the laws relating to forgery. Tuesday, lfith.-(lairds.).-The Alarquis of Clanricarde's mo tion, condemning Ministers for the interference of the British 4:o. vernment at Terceira, was negatived by a majority of 95 against it. Same Day.-(Commons.)--31r. Davenport's motion for a corn. mittee on the state of the country-negatived by a majority of ifiB. Thursday, 18.11.-(Conamons )-Illotion by Air. C. P. Thompson, for a revision of taxes, no as to afford relief to the industrious classes ; negatived by a majority of 91 against it. Friday. 19th.-(Commons.)-Plan submitted by the Chancellor of the Exchequer for eduction of the 4 per Cent. Annuities, and the substitution of a new 3$ per Cent. Stock-dissentients to be paid of. Resolution agreed to. In committee of supply, the pensions propnaed to he allowed to the lion. R. Donlan ant i lion. W. L. Bathurst, as retired navy commissioners, were disallowtd, there being a majority of 18 ag,a sat the ministers' revolution. Monday, 20th.-(Lords.).-Ilotion by Lord King, for the sloth. tion of all prohibitory regulations on the importation of foreign corn. Negatived without a division. Tuesday, 30th.--(Commons.}-)lotion by Mr. D. W. Davey, fur an inquiry into the state and revenue of the crown lands. Ncps lived on division • for the motion. Bi-' -against ii, 9/1 -majority. 52. Aral[.-Thu rsday, Ist.- (Commons ) - Mr. Secretary lite' brought in a bill for alining the laws relating to the punishment of forgery. Read a first time. Friday, 2d.- (Commons.) -The St George's and St. Uilcit's ves. try hill read a third time, and peeped. Monday, Bth.-(Commons.)--Niotion by Sir R. Grant for lenge .-,- 111(11 • .. 1 ~!,,