Star. — London, England, 1826-04-17 00:00:00

~P ~. THE UNtl i lD STATES ANI) THE CONGRESS 4 OF rll4l A'M A. An arrival from Philadelphia has brought us an im portant state document—the message of the President of the United States to Congress, on the subject of the mission to Panama, which was laid hefo:e that assembly on the 15th ult. at Washington. The appointment of, commissioners to attend - the South American Ccngtess has led to much discussion in the Legislature of the United Scam, which was conducted with closed doors . ; but it now appears, that the expediency ofalie mission has been determinrd in the Senateiby a majority of 24 to 19 only. The Cominissione'rs nomina ed are R. C. Anderson, of Kentucky, and John Sarjeent, of Pennsyl vania. W. R. Rochester, of New York, is appointed. Secretary to elle mission. , The Psesident's message dwells much on events already known, reca.,:itulating, in fact, all that the. Union has already done to assist the New States in the' establishment. ot their independence, and to give them character and consequence in the eyes of the rest of the World. The mote immediate interest of the Message commences' with the following extract, from 'which it will appear that one of the great principles it is pro posed to establish at the General Assembly of American Siam, is the absolute exclusion of any European Power from colonization in any portion of that hemisphere._. Mr. Adams thus states his view of that question:—" The late President of the United States, in his message to Coq.ress, on the 2d of December, 1823, while an. bouncing. the negotiation then pending with Russia, relating to the north-west coast of this Continent, ob served, that the occasion of the discussions to which that incident had given rise, had been taken 6 for as serting as a principle, in which the rights and interests of the United States were involved, char the American Continents, by the free and independent condition which they had assumed and maintained, were thenceforward new to he consideted as subj. cts for future colonization by any Eutopean Power. The principle had at first been assumed in that negotiation with Russia. It rested upon a course of reasoning equally simple and con clusive. With the exception of the existing 'European colonies, which it was in no wise intended to disturb, Ole two ' continents consisted of several sovereign and independent nations, whose territories covered tf.eir whole surface. By this, their independent condition, the United S aces enjoyed the right of commercial intercourse se hit every part of their pos sessions. To attempt the establishment of a colony in those possessions, would be to usurp, to the exclusion of 9 her!, a commercial intercourse which was the coma' Kann possession of all. It could not be done without encroaching upon existing rights of the. United States. The Government of Russia has never disputed these positions, nor manifested the slightest dissatisfaction at their, having been taken. Most of the new American Republics-have declared their entire assent to them, and they now propose, among the subjects of consultation at Panama, to take into consideration the means of making effectual the assertion of that principle, as well as the means of resisting interference from abroad with the domestic concerns of the American Governments. kis oluditig to these means, it would be obviously pre mature, at this time, to anticipate that which is offer. ed merely as a matter for consultation ; or to pro nounce upon those measures which have been or may be suggested,, ,The. purpose of this Government is to concur in none which would import hostility to En roi e, or justly excite resentment in any of her States. Should it be deemed advisable to contract any con vectioual engagement on this topic, our views would extend no fprther than to a mutual pledge of the parties to the .compacrald maintain the principle in application to itso e n ten itoiy; ind to permit no colonial lodgments or eatablislitnents of European jurisdiction upon its own soil : and with respect to the obtrusive interfer once from abroad, if its future character may be inferred from that which has been, and perhaps still is, exercised in more dr in one of the new States, a joint declaration of its character, and exposure of it to the world, may be probably all that the occasion would require. Whether the United States should or should not be parties to such a declaration, may justly form a part of the deliberation. That there is an **it to be remedied, n Ards little insight into the secret history of late years to know ; and that ems r medy may best be concerted at the Panama meet ing. deserves at least the experiment of consideration." The next point to which, according to the President, the attention of the Panama Congress is likely to be directed, is the abolition of the African Slave Trade thre ughout the whole of the American Continent. It ought to be mentioned.-to the honour of Colombia, that the proposition for discussion there of a measure so congenial with the best interests of the human race has originated with that republic. The President's re marks on the condition of Hayti, as well as on the tenure ,prospects of Cuba and Porto Rico, possess great political interest. Ile observes- 44 Whether the politi cal condition of the island of Hayti shall be brought at att ineo discussion at the meeting, may be a question for frehreinary advisement. There are in the political consiimisoo e#, gestesnmetit of that people, circurn vanes* which bane irdierto forbidden the acknowledg resent of them by the Government of the United States as sovereign and independeor. Additional reasons for withhalding that ack.low s ledgment have recently been seen in their acceptance of a nond nal sovereignty by the grant of a Foreign Prince, under conditions equivalent to the ciincessino by them of exclusive commercial advantages to one n ition, and adapted altogether to the state of colonial vassalage, and retaining little of independence but the name. Our pl, nipotent la. ie, will be insti ucted to present these vie a s (4 the Assembly at Panama ; and should they not be ll concurred in, to decline acceding to any arrangement which may be proposed on different principles. The condition of the islands of Cuba arid Potto Reno is of deeper import, and more immediate be ring upon the yr. sent interests and future prospects of our uuiun. The col resprindel.ce he:es* ith transmitted will thew how earnestly it has engaged the atten ion of this Govern. men.. The invasion of both those islands by the united forces of Mexico and Columbia, is avowedly among the tihjtcts to be matured by tht belligerent states at Pa name. The convulsions to which, trum the peculiar compositiln ut their population, they w uuld be liable, in the event of such all invasion, and the danger there. from les'llone...t their falling ultima.ely into lie hands of sone Erropea;s power, other. than Siain, will not admit of our Waking at the consequences to a hich the Congl of Panama may h-ad emir insliffeience. •It is unnecessary to enlaige upon this topic, or to say more than that all our el/ ots in ielerence to this intettit, wilt be to preserve the existing state of things, the Iran 4billitY of the islands, and ahe peace and secatity thdir inhabitants." ' The difficulties which have been encountered in en deavouring to establish the principles of religious thlera'ion in the new States, p‘nd the proof how deep root the bigntrrand superstition of the mother country have taken there, -will be found in the foßOwing passage —" And lastly, the Congress of Pattama is believed to prerent a fair occasion for urging upon all the new nations of the South the just and liberal principles of religious liberty, not by any interference whatever in their internal concerns,'but br claiming for our citizens, whose occupations or interests may call them to occa sional residence in their territories, the inestimable pri vilege of worshipping their Cazaron according to the dictates of their own consciences. This privilege, sanctioned by the customary law of nations, and seemed by treaty stipulations in numerous national compacts— secured even to our own citizens in the treaties with Colombia,. and with the federation of Central America, is yfl robe obtained in the other South American States , and Mexico : existing prejudices are still struggling against it, which may, perhaps, be more successfully combatted at this general meeting, than at the separate seats of Government of each Republic." Of the general character and objects . of the Panama Congress, the President says :—•• Icatescarcely deem it otherwise than soperfluous to observe, that the a s sembly will be, in its nature, diplom.tic, and not legislative ; that nothing can be transacted there, obligatory upon any one of the States to be repre.ented at the meeting, unless with the express concurrence of its own represend tatives, nor even then, but subject to the ratification of its constitutional authority at home. The faith of the United States to foreign Powers cannot otherwise be pledged. I shall, indeed, in the first place, consider the assembly as merely consultative ; and although the Plenipotentiaries of the United States will be empowered .o receive and refer to the consideration of their Govern ment any proposition frum the other parties to the meeting, they will be atirhorized to conclude nothing unless subject to the defihitive sanction of this Govern ment in all its constitutional forms. It has, there. fore, seemed to me unnecessary to insist that every 'object to be discussed at the meeting should be specified *Rich the precision of a judicial sentence, or enumerated with the exactness of a mathematical demonstration...:— The purpose of the meeting itself is to deliberate upon the great and common interests of several new and neigh bowing nations. If the measure is new, and without precedent, so is the situation of the parties to it. That the purposes of the meeting are somewhat indefinite, far from being an objection to ir, is among the cogent reasons fur its adoption. It is not the establishment of principles of intercourse with one, but with seven or eight nations at once. That, before they have had the means of exchanging ideas, and of communicating with one another in common upon these top;cs, they should have indefinitely settled and arranged them in concert, is to require that the effect should precede the cause. It is to exact, as a preliminary tss the meeting, that for the accomplishment of which the meeting is designed.* A long argumentative passage succeeds, in which Mr. Adams considers bow far the consenting to send Envoys to the Panama Congress may be considered a deviation from the established policy of -the United States, enjoined by Washington in his farewell address, of avoiding "all entangling alliances, and all unman. sary foreign connexions. We may °Mit the whole of this as possessing little interest on this side of the At- lantic. The Message concludes as follows: "That the Congress at Panama will accomplish all, or eves igy of the transcendent benefits to the human race, which warmed the conceptions of its first proposer, it were, perhaps, indulging too sanguine a forecast of events to promise. It is, in its nature, a measure speculative and experimental. The blessings of Heaven may turn it to the account of human improvement. Accidents unforeseen, and mischances not to be anticipated, may bane all its high purpose% and disappoint its fairest expectations. But the de. sign is great, is benevolent, is humane. It looks to the melioration of the condition of man. It is congenial with that spirit which prompted our declaration of independence—which inspired the preample to our first treaty with France—which dictated our first treaty with Prussia, and the instructions under which it was nego elated, which filled the hearts, and fired the souls of the immortal founders of our revolution. With this unrestricted exposition of the motives by which I have been governed in this transaction, as well as of the objects to be discussed, and of the ends, if possible, to be attained by our representation it the proposed Congress, I sub. mit the propriety of an appropriation to the candid consideration and enlightened patriotism of the legislature." The appropriation of funds tor carrying into effect the appointment of Envoys to PAnama was next sub- mitred to the Congress at Washington, and referred to A Committee of Ways and Means. Of the message and documents accompanying it, the Philadelphia Paper states, that the extraor.2.inary number of 10,000 copies was ordered to be printed. THE EVENING STAR. LONDON. MONDAY, APRIL 17,1926. STOCK EXCHANGE, TWELVE O'CLOCK. CAmsols opened this morning at 79j for the Account, and are now 79j to j, with little or nothing doing in the Market. It is sop posed that no great operations will take place until after the result of the Funding is made public. New Scrip #to 1 nominal prem. In the Foreign Market little or nothing is doing. Current Prices t Old Spanish 6 e, Maxi Can SD 60, Colombian 36 39, lidisian 751 761, Peruvian 24 26, Chilian 39 40, Greek 14 to 15. FZ: !CR OF STOCKS AT TWO O'CLOCK. Bank Stock 202 3 per Cent. Iced. ex die. 7814 % 3 per Cent. Cons. 791.4 IA 791 5 per Cent. 'led. ex div. 8514 84% 4 per Cent. 95 1 / 4 9414 95 Ling Ann. ex die. 19 1 / 2 19 India Stock 229 India Bond,. 6 .1,000 Exclleq. 11;11, 7 9 6 8 (.100 and 1100 ditto 8 7 £5OO ditto 9 7 C nis. tor Acct. 79 1 / 4 14 79 1 / 4 FltENCli FUN I/ DS, PA AU, Atm 14. Five pier cons. . 96f. 35e. Three per Cl:3ltf. • • • 641. 75c. Bank Stock 110101. Brut s de Naples . . 731. 30e. Itny al Spanish I.oan . 43if. Lachange on London, One Month 25t. 30e. Three Ditto El. Me. This day having been appointed to receive offers •for a subscription t,f Exchequer Bills at the Bank of England, the doors were scarcely opened, when the place Was crowded with persons delivering sealed letters, anxious to secure a time ; one o'clock was fixed as the latest hour at which applications - could be received, and up to that time letters coA• tinned to pour in. Ihe doors were then closed, and Mr. HAM the Ca.hier, announced to the pub lic, that the letters were so Somerous, that it was not possible to declare the amount subscribed,for some time : indeed it was thought they would occupy the Bank the whole night, and that the result would not be made known until to-morrow. There is no doubt, therefore, that the whole amount of eight millions has been subscribed. Should the amount offered to be subscribed exceed eight millions, then such proportions of the sum tendered as the sum of eight millions may bear to the whole sum offered to be subscribed will be allowed to each applicant. It is reported that the applications are to the amount of m than thirteen millions. Just as our Paper was going to Press, we received the Eloi'e of yesterday by express. It does not contain Any additional intelligence from Greece, of a decisive character, but still expresses a hope that Missolonghi may still hold out until it receives succour. The L•toile contains accounts from Pon an Prince to the 10th of March. The 150 millions indemnity to France has been recognised as national debt, by the President, the Senate, and Deputies, - and means taken to liquidate it, and to pay the instalments. Some ob jections had been made to the Commercial Treaty made in Paris with the Haytian Deputies, and, it would un dergo revision. The King of PRUSSIA has sent to Baron STIFIII, the Physician to the Emperor of Ausrnia, the decoration of the Red Eagle of the second class, accompanied by a complimentary autograph Wier, on his services during the late indisposition of his Imperial MAJESTY. A Leeward Island mail arrived at Glasgow on Thursday evening. The former with Trinidad and Barbadoes Papers to the Ist of March. Some alarm had been occasioneJ at Batbadoes from a quantity of powder having been stolen from a powder magazine, and from the tact of several flies having occurred in different pl••ces in the island. The Barbadian, alluding to the subject, says, " We are not disposed to incur the charge of being alarmists ; but, we c..rtainly think, con necttd as this matter may be with the fact of several fires having lately been discovered, Which, happily, were speedily extinguished, that a more than ordinary degree of vigilance should be exerted in Bridge Town during the night ; and we should advise that everyman in authority be at his post, ready at a moment's warn ing•to do his duty." The weather in the islands con tinued wet and boisteroul. The Letters •by this mail come down to the 10th Match, from St. Thomas, and from other Islands to corresponding dates. The com mercial accounts are not ♦ety cheering. Bills are not to be had in Colombia, and though money is to be had, it cannot be brought away from the country. The Brussels Papers received this forenoon contain a curious article 44 On the Supremacy of the Court of Rome, and Arguments tending to justify it." It is said to be the subject of general conversation at Rome. Some persons pretend that it is a copy of a circular formerly sent to the members of 6 4 a great Association," meaning, we presume, the Holy Alliance ; the ethers, that it has served as the text of a Kull ; othets believe that it is apocryphal. To us, it seems to be either a hoar, or .a document issued to feel the pulse of public opinion, and whioh may be avowed or disavowed at pleasure. The following is the Paper to which we have alluded : SUPREMACY OF THE COURT OF ROME. AND ARGUMENTS TENDING TO JUSTIFY IT.. " It is complained that the social body is in a state of langour and uneasiness,—that it is being disorganized.—that evils of all kinds oppress at the same time individuals, families, towns, and states. " Can it be otherwise when every thing is confusion and disorder when those who scarcely know how to obey insist upon command ing ; when individuals are misplaced, powers confounded, principles disregarded ? " The Cburch and its Ministers have on earth a legitimate autho rity, a pre-eminence above all powers, which It would be in vain to dispute. They emanate from the nature of things from the DIVINITY itself. The atheist alone overlooks these great truths. " If we admit the existence of Goa we must also believe in the immortality of the soul and a future life. " Oar passage through this world is nothing; oar whole existence is in futurity, and all our futurity in eternal life. " Our short and frail existence Is, therefore, only a preparation fur another life. • Is there a mom elevated, a more important function than that of priest, who is commissioned to purify and fortify our souls, to sanctify man, and to render him worthy to appear before his Goo? " But in the midst of these sublime functions should narrow points be prescribed him ? Forced to limit his mission to the teach ing of dogmas, to the observance of the rites, shall he remain a stranger to all the rest 1 And shall the shepherd abandon his Bock Mn the midst of precipices? ." GIII being invisible on earth cannot manifest biolself to Man except by his Church. His image is thr altar, and the ministers of the altar are his representatives on earth. " But why should they represent Goo, if they cannot cause his consmasids to be observed? Why are they the ministers of his wor ship, it they cannot cause it to be respected ? How should they be the mediators between the creature and the Causes if they have no influence, no authority ? Lastly, if their divine mission is ac knowledged it cannot be desired to • render it ineffectual and useless. " It follows, front these principles, that those ministers of religion cannot be subject to human laws, except so far as they have been sanctioned by the Church. 44 In (act, civil laws, made fur the amelioration of the human species, cannot attain that object except by being made to hernia mice with the divine kw. Now what magistrate, if it is net the ecclesiastical authority, would be competent to appreciate this agreement? " The meanest stall in the Temple of the Loan is above all Thrones, and the suptemicy of the Princes of t►e Church over the Princes of the Earth is founded on Divine right, and must be con sidered as the basis of social order. • " To contest this principle, 4 I. seek to place the weak and uncertain wiU of Sin above the immortal and infinite power.of (jou; it is disregarding the Divioity itself." Notwithstanding the confidence with which the fall of Missulonghi has been awned, th:re is now no doubt that whatever may be the ultimate, or even present state of that heroic city, tilt; report of its fall nearly a fortnight ago was, as we stated, nut entitled to credit., Even the French Journals which related, on what au. thority we know not, circumstantial details of the event, have some migivings on the subject. The Journal des 'Debnls, in an article from Ancona of the Sd of April, states, that it was on Ports, a place situated to the eastward of Anatolie°, the attack was made which led to.tbehelief that Mistolonghi had been captured. It is added, that 150 Greeks were entrenched in Fords, all of whom, with some priests, were put to death.— This intelligence from Ancona is the latest that has been received. The last official communications which have been received bring dbwn the events of the siege of• Misso. longhi to the evening of the 20th (the day on which the Turks are stated to have carried the place by assaultj, and report that a very heavy cannonade was heard on that day, but that nothing was known of the result: it is probable, that it may have been followed by a general assault on the part of the Turks, which may have ended more fatally than others have done; yet it is probable that' it also may have failed. The Journal des Debuts 'contains an article from &me, dated the 25th of March, which states that IBRAHIM PACHA, after having kept up a brisk fire upon Missolonghi till the 19th, prepared to make a general attack, when the Greeks, having learned his design, determined to anticipate it by making a sortie, in which the Egyptians were put to flight, leaving 500 men dead on the spot, and a great number wounded, and that the Christians afterwards re•eutered the town in triumph, with several Officers of the Ara bian army as prisoners. General Gouttas is said to have arrived in the environs of Missolonghi with 7,000 men, and encamped at three leagues from the army of IBRAHIM PACHA, and that Colonel FABVIBR is also ap proaching with 3,000 well•organized and well-aliscip lined soldiers, determined to attack lattanim. Such are the statements in the French Journals; and the G.rman Papers last received are of the same tenor_ One of them contains an article from Trie.te, stating. on the authority of letters from Zante to the 23d of March, that "IBRAHIM YACHA, aftta the surrender of Anatolie° on the 19th of March, had made ;towhee at. tempt to take Missolonghi by storm, which was, how. ever, repulsed with the same bravery as all the pre ceding attacks." These Papers also state, that GOUnAS and FAIVIER were marching to the relief of Missolonghi. The accounts from other parts of Greece are favourable. COLLETT', a. Member of the Executive Government, is stated to be marching towards Patras at the head of 8000 Pelo ponessllles ; we presume, however, that if he had such a film it could net be better employed than in making the Turks and Egyptians raise the siege of M6solonghi. CoNnurirorrzs is said to - have roused the Mainotes, and to be traversing Messenia with a large body of them, and COLOCOMONI is represented as besiegingTripollua. In addition to this intelligence, on the latter part of which we do not place much reliance, the A'elizie del id erno of Rome contains the following further put ic Wars : PREVISA. MARCY 9. The Turkish Commanders Isere have sent away a great number of families, in order to be able to lodge 7,000 Ottoman soldiers, wounded in the late attack made by Ibrahim upon Missolonghi. This Journal adds, that it is confirmed from all quarters, that Maulis has taken a convoy of 25 richly-laden Egyptian ships, sent by the Pacha of Egypt to Constantinople. A report is current that the Greeks, by a very bold coup de main, have made themselves masters of beveu m igazines, filled with provisions and ammunition, in Thessaly and Olympus. The same Journal. on the authority of a letter from Zante of 22J Feb. states. that a vessel, dispatched by the Greek Commute at Paris, bad landed in that island a Deputy from that Commit tee, 18 officers, 5,000 muskets, and 5,000 uniforms, and that these officers affirmed that the Philhellene: at Phi- ladelphia would send to the aid of the Greeks seven ships of war, two of which are steam vessels. The most considerable inhabitants of the Morea are now at Argo; to consider on means of saving the counts y. • WINDSOR, Aran. 16.—Divine Service %vac this morn ing performed at the private Chapel by the Rev. Dr. Somme before the Royal Household. His MAJUTT waz not present. This after noon his bleresyv took his usual airing in the Greit Park, for two hears, occompapied-by the Lout Seswa sw, in his pony phaeton. The Ch.uer, Commissioners' Report asserts (p. 9) that " it may happen, and often does happen, that a Chancery wit will beneficially endure for more tbanknaf et many I ' The several candidates for Worcester, Lord Dvevissa, Cahoot Davies, and Mr. Robinson, have concluded theft gpiggiid,tbat city, and theresult is, all are confident of succenert, Two candidates have already started for tha. kion of Rozburghshire, vie. Sir W. P. Elliot of Stobbs atsd *lb, Bart. and Sir John J. S. Douglas, of Springwood Park, But. • e• Mr. Bell has purchased his short return for Northumberland meat dearly. He has paid more than 500001. for a seat•for a taw mostha M. Biddulph, Esq. of Chirk Castle, and. F. R. West, F-sq. are candidates for the representation of the Dembighsalre Boroughs at the approaching election. Sir G. Bamfylde has declined stanfiing for Rioter, with an inti mation which spoke volumes—that the dear-hougla knew had formerly c ist his father above 60,0001. It is feared that some jade ite/4M Borough will want candidates, I. coasequence of the present scarcity of the circulating medium. it is currently reported is the City, that the contrast for the Guatemala loan, the last entered into for any of the new trans-Atlantic States, is to be abandoned, or that its completion will be deferred till a more favour able period in monied operations shall 'arrive. A letter has been received from Berlin, which states, that the Russian skinmtuns on the long-disputed ques tion relative to the Northern Provinca of Turkey, has been sent to Constantinople. The Emperor NlcssoLAs is said to have communicated copies of the nitimatum to the Duke of Wau.ladvost, and Hi an the foreign Envoys at the Court of St. Petersburgh. If within a fired period the terms of the Treaty are not fulfilled by tie appointment of hospodars, &c. it iii . said to be the declared intention of NICHOLAS to march a division of his army to the frontiers of Turkey ; and, in the event of a further delay in the face of this ho - 4ite dcmpnstration, he will cause possession to Is taken,n(Waidchia and Moldavia, and place the government of them on the 1 6 footiag prescribed by the truly with the Turks.—Tileee.