Star. — London, England, 1830-10-02 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE We subjoin some further extracts from the French Papers of the 29th. We published on Thursday the Letter of the Count de Kergorlay, which is the subject of the following able attack upon the new Ministers and the new Charter : (From the Gasetts de Proses et Wednesday, Sept. 29.) PARIS, SEPT. 28.—A prosecution is to be instituted against us for having published the explanations of a Noble Peer respecting his re. fusel to take the oath t an explanation the evident object of which was to make known to his country the reasons for the political deprivation which he thought himself obliged to incur. We did not resolve on pub fishing them till after having carefully examined the principles of the new Constitution which governs us, and which requires the free publi. cation of all opinions as an element necessary to the formation of that national will, which, according to these principles, has become the le gitimate Sovereign of France. If there were a single opinion, the pub. lication and discussion of which were prohibited, we should be ander the Government of arbitrary power, and the new Charter would no longer be a truth. Respect for all opinions is the sentiment which r odomlnates in France. This is the most remarkable difference that exists between the Revolution of 1830 and that of 89. At all the banquets in all the toasts this sentiment has found organs to express and to applaud it. We await with confidence the issue of a lawsuit, which, better than all Proclamations, will give all the French an opportunity of knowing under what regime they are placed. TO TEI EDITOR. " PAW, Sept. 28. " Sta—l have l ust read in the Meehan of this morning • strange piece of news. You and the Quotidian** are to be prosecuted, the latter for having published a letter from AL de Kergolay to the Presi dent of the Chamber of Peen t you for having repeated it. I confess to you that lam confounded at this. Whore are we then ? is what Re public do sec five, if the liberty which the victorious party grants you consists in mentioning nothing contrary to ha opinions or its interests If history itself become seditious when it relates facts, which the party would have arranged otherwise if it had been in its power. For this is history ;itis a fact which you have recorded. dd. de Kergolay, called upon by the new law to take an oath within a certain fixed time, re fused this oath. The same reason which orders the Journalists to no. dee the acts of assent, doubtless orders them also to keep an account of the refusals, and the same reasons which require the publication of the reasons for which some assent requires also the publication of the names for which others refuse. These reasons are inseparable from the feet; they are the fact itself, since it derives from than its morality sin it is determined by them. And, besides, what will be gained by sup. pressing the motives of the fact remains. Do not all the persons who refuse the oath declare by that alone that they are not con vinced of the legitimacy of the order of things for which that oath is re quired ? 11.de Hergolay expresses eloquent' in two pages what se veral of his colleagues have amusedenerget y Ins single word : this Is the oho]. difference. Butt make a reflection—the Quota:mute and the Gazette are not the only Journals which contain testimonies con. tasty to the established regime. The Afasiteur is as guilty as they are. The Monitestr, which publishes this very morning the refusal of the Duke of Narbonne, the Duke of Uses, and the Marquis de la Soh. If these Gentlemen refuse the oath, it is appsraidy because they reject the principle on which the oath Is founded. But why men. tion the Moniteur f Has not the proem sorbs' of the Chrmber of Deputies equally incurred a legal prossendoo ? Is it not seditious like the Mont:our ? You may read in this proem verbal a recent letter of 11. de Fannon; which, laconic as it is, says at least as much as M. de Kergolay. Here is plenty of work cut out for the King's Attorney-General. M. de Broglie certainly did not reelect that this prosecution of facts tends to nothing less than to dry up the sonnies at truth, and to annihilate history. For a Minister of Public Insulted°a this is passing strange. The following letter Is from a Belgian Gentleman of stadon, judg. rnent, and constitutional feeling, whose disposition is pacific. He feels eery indignant at the manner in which his countrymen are calumniated day after day in the Papers of this metropolis, subject to the influence of Government. The people of Brussels have, we think, proved that they arc not a rabble, but a set of as brave men se ever existed; and the manner in which the people throughout Belgium have sympathised with them, sulliciently refutes the statements of which this gentleman cam. plains. No man who has understanding to connect two propositions can now be the dupe of the misrepresentations in which too many of our Contemporaries indulged; for if the population of Bras. Ms had not been united, they could never have resisted 16,000 well ap. pointed regulars. We were told day after day by some of our Conlon. poultice, that the middle classes were all eager for the appearance of the King's troops, that they might protect themselves against the rabble. Now It appears, that in the put of Brussels occupied by the more wealthy inhabitants, the soldiers were assailed from every house. When • disturbance takes place in any of our manufacturing towns, the pa pnlace are easily dispersed, because the houses in the principal streets are shut against them, and they have no shelter from the soldiery cw civil force. But we proceed to the letter, the occasional foreign idioms of which we leave unaltered s—Chronicle. ANTWERP, ilwrr.'2ll. Sett—At this moment I know your attention will be more than ever directed to my unfortunate country, and as your public press often represents matters in a light as it is most convenient to its views, I think myself called upon to give u a few statements of the unfortunate overthrow of our government In the southerly provinces. The conduct of the inhabitants of Brussels wUI now convince the world that they are not that drunken rabble which the bigotted part of the English press endeavoured to represent them ; but that, if courage is a virtue, as it undoubtedly is, they are the noblest and the most virtuous people of the world, history not furnishing us with an example of a braver act. It mast be said that the heroes of Brussels must have considered themselves strong by a sense of justice of their cause, more than ever a people considered itself as such. It proves that it is not the act of a bigotted priesthood, as The Courier represents It; but of an enlightened, liberal class of people joining in one cause, no matter what religious feelings, In the cause of fr eed om, and to have redress of the grievances of which the go. vernment itself has acknowledged the existence. Theo wspapers will have informed you, that after a contest with an army of from lb to 20,000 well disciplined and devoted troops, in the very interior of the town of Brussels, the inhabitants have forced the soldiers to leave them unmolested ; the loss of , the latter being twenty to one of the Burghers. This without any assistance of the interior or south e rly pan of the country, with which the town bad no communicatioo. The King might have spared himself the best of Ms troops, and a part of the finest town of his dominions, which have fallen in the contest, if be had uttered openly and readily one word towards making those con. cessions which it was in his power to grant. In redressing what the Ministers had done against the fundamental law, he might have made himself the most popular Kiog of Europe. He might have promised to distribute offices equally—not to have interfered with religious mat ters, nor with the Press, all of which the Constitution grants, without calling the Assembly of the States. General, and the people of the whole of the southerly provinces would have cried out " Vive le aoL° But Counsels have been listened to, the English press in particular. The above-mentioned paper and The Times have represented the people of Brussels in a most illiberal and foul manner; the King to have acted se he ought to have done, and of course been the cause of all that has happened ; they have by their impolitic, short-sighted views, destroyed the barrier for which their countrymen have spent their money, and shed their blood ; and what remains to be done now / In my opinion, to show the Government of this country that under the present state of the spirit of Europe, and pine. pally the most neighbouring country, that under the present govern. meat of France there is only one way of preserving Belgium as a barrier against France, and which we are sore may still be accomplished ; and that the only way to obtain this is that the claims of the Bel gians (which the last accounts from Brussels seem. even after their complete victory, to confine themselves to the fair execution of the fon. &mental laws) should be graciously granted; that England there. fore, should use all its influence, at the Hague, and silence the voice of these blood-thirsty representatives of e northern pro vinces—these Donkey Curtiuses and Consorts. The party that ever desired to belong to France is very small, but It would be to • man, if concessions are not made immediately, and troops should be called in : foreign interference would, now the Bel gians have shown their decision and their power, induce France to enter one part of the country as soon as the Prussians would enter the other. France would now, less than ever, suffer the principle of non-interference to be endangered, nor suffer he r own existence to be menaced, by seeing assembled upon her frontiers SO army of Prussians, English, or Cossacks ; nor would these be certain of success in de. pressing the most just of causes, in irritating any longer a nation where a woman has become a man and a soldier. How very irritating it was for the Belgians to see one day the King accept the dismission of the odious Minister of Justice, Mr. Van Maanen, and t o see the same man rise • few days after to be the supreme judge of the two nations. This, again, may be attributed to the English bigotted Those and Cattier, Aforship Peet and Ca and beaker niftier, and Cowes* in Holland. Could you make use of this in favour of our country and to re-establish peace between all parties, you would render a peat service not only to your own, but our King and country. Venn truly, Friend. We bop you will not fail in p u bli s hi ng either this or your own sentiments on this subject, and widen the English pub li c against m a ny accounts which are seated by the enemies of re. estsblisbing peace, and e go even to say th at the betel of the British Anabassidoe is fire by the mob; while it is drew. Wing, the troops have dens so; but we believe both equally false. Wbat Is notor i ous i s, t h at the mob at Brussel s, almost without a Il iad, have not plundered • single bows. NRW SOUTH irrAz.ss. The unprecedented drought under which the colony had so severely suffered, ended in October, 1829, since which the rain has been so abundant as to set all the rivers again a flowing in their wonted depth of current, and make the pastures assume their former verdant hue. The wheat of the last year amounted to barely a third of our average early maize bad generally failed ; the late maize turned out a fair amp, while the millet, whet cultivation is fast extending, promised a most abundant produce. The tobacco crop has been but hateable, but the one hundred and ninety acres reported in cultivation to the Government, will be quite sufficient for the supply of colonial wants, thereby saving a yearly sum of from 20,0001. to 30,0001 to the colony in the purchase of that commodity from foreign countries. The situation of a very large proportion of the settlers who have taken their grants within the last six years is any thing but flattering. Calculating on a continu ants of the favourable seasons which the colony has long enjoyed, and on the continuance of stock at high prices, they unwittingly contracted debts in the purchase of the latter on credit, and for the improving of their farms, which the repeated failure of crops, and the immense fall in the value of stock, have rather increased than diminished, and must eventually involve a considerable number of them in ruin. This sudden and immense fall in the price of stocks has been occasioned by the failure of the crops, causing a sudden glut of stock In the market, in order to purchase grain from other countries; the exportation of the specie for the above purpose, and consequent diminution in the circu lating medium ; the alteration of the currency ; and, lastly and chiefly, the great increase of stock in comparison to the decrease. From these combined causes, all coming into operation at once, fine wooled ewes, which sold three years ago at from three to five pounds, now barely realise as many shillings at the auction ales; fat wethers 8s to lOs formerly sold at 965. fat bullocks 2 to 3L formerly sold at 81 and snitch cows lie. to 30e. formerly disposed of at from 10 to 161. Beef is consequently now supOith to tbn Government ate little more than one penny per pound, and is sold in the market at from lid to 9d while mut ton averages about the same price. A singular state of things bar arisen out of this : a calf, now bringing a price equal to that of a cow, while three legs of mutton ma y b e p urc h ase d for the price of a duck. Eggs, poultry and fish, are high ; fresh butter 10d per lb. salt do Bd. and cheese 4d to 6d of superior quality. A few years ago Irish salt butter, and English cheese, soap and candles, were imported in large quantities. Now, however, this is at an end, from all these articles being produced cheaper, a nd of equal quality in the colony. Until of late years, stock paid so well that the principal attention of the settlers was directed towards the basses thereof, to the neglect of almost every other agricultural commodity ; but the great fall in the price of this has very naturally directed the greatest attention ot the Colonists to the raising of other commodides, and hence the rapid advance, daring the . last four years, In the production et cheese, but ter, soap, thereofmin no longer necessary. In fact, althoug h late =Twill ruin many, it will eventually prove of great benefit to the Colthy, by stimulating the production of new commodities, and particularly such as are suited to the clime, by checking the long prevailing extravagance, and by throwing the Colony more on Its own resources. The commerce of New South Wales is inereseng, notwith standing all the late disasters, the ships Sovereign, Percy, Asia, Dane an Castle, Gilmore, Australia, and several others, have been all furnished with valuable cargoes in the space of a few months, averaging about 20,0001. in value each, that of the Ads being at least 30,0001. wool, sperm, and black whale oil, whalebone, spennaced, seal and bullock skins, bores, New Zealand Sae, trans* blue gum, and cede, form the principal part of the arg The Beak of Australia, by ha liberality, has saved a coadderable pardon of the colonists from ruin, and is in such a flourishing condition as to divide 21 per cent. on the original share, which now sell at 60 per cent. premium. Money kegs, at present, an interest of from twelve to twenty per cent. and difficult even of being procured at that, while the demand for labourers is so great that upwards of 2,000_ application for convict servants are now lying in the bureaux of the land Board, which cannot be complied with. The high interest o f mone y, an d t h e great demand for labourers, are heontestibli proofs of the flourishing condition of the Colony, not withstanding the late unpropitious sessoos. Artificers are even in demand than agricult u r a l servants, so much so, that many new C e ird e ings, lately projected, cannot be proceeded with for the want of them, while the whaling trade equally suffers on account of the scarcity of coopers. Masons, plasterers, Wlcklayers, agonies, blacksmiths, :7:s4ffic. are eagerly engaged at even s L h o illte per day, upwards, make more than double that sum by work, twhile provi sions being generally less than half the pries, it is evident bow much labouring artificers would gain by a removal to Sydney. The high amount of postage money (301. to 4014 be. tweet England and New South Wales, has hitherto retarded the emigration of individuals of this class, but were masters of ships authorised to dispose of their services for • fixed time, like that of the American redemptionles, the Colony as well as the arti ficers in question would be materially benefitted. A good mechanic, at even common day wages, would cancel his passage debt in less than 12 months at tbe fartheet, and by job work might do so in half that time; while, after this point was attained, if he did not qi t ik v lr.l4 realise a handsome property for the station of life in which he moved, it must be his own fault. I do not know an instance of a common ar. dfices in Sydney of regular habits who is not either a proprietor of houses or land. The majority of those individuals have been naturally primers, but even a considerable portion of them, with all their impro. vitiate habits, speedily acquire a decent independence. In consequence of the low price of - wool In England, and the low price of stock in the Colony, the Colonial capital has been recently diverted into Channels where a higher amount of interest may be anticipated. Formerly the whole of the surplus capital was directed towards the purchase of ine.woolled sheep, and of land for the maintenance thereof; now, how. ever, it is mainly investedl in the purchase of buildin g allotm e nt s , an d in building speculations in Sydney and the other rising towns through. out the colony. In three years the whale vessels have been trebled, while the price of building allotments has risen from five to six hundred per oent with rents still on the rise, notwithstanding the number of Wean erected, all of which dnd ready occupants. Sydney having no main springs or constantly running streams in its vicinity to supply it with water, has been hitherto dependent upon wells dug in the and. stone rock, and through the porous pipe-clay strata, and on the tanks hollowed out in the sandstone bed of the rivulet passing through it (which runs only after a fall of rain), for a supply of that essential com modity. The tunnel now excavating,to lead the water of the Botany Bay marshes Into the town from a two miles' distance, will, when corn. ' plated, afford a certain and abundant supply at every period of the year for twice the amount of the population at prawn contained in the town. The water is collected in these marshes from the dripping of the sandhilh surrounding them, which imbibe every drop of rain that falls, and allow it to oose gradually down into the marshy reservoirs at their base. This tunnel being c a rri e d th roug h a ser i eso f slaty and sand. stone beds, consequently no brick arching is required, its temple d= being anticipated by the middle of 1831, and at half the esti mated cost, which was 18,0801. Mr. Busby, the mineral surveyor who superintends it, has been most successful in his proceed. bp, all the audits having been hitherto joined, and scarcely a foot difference in the line of boring. By repeated observations also the projected level has been found to be correct. A considerable scientific tact war:displayed by Mr. B. on entering a bed of loose sand la the course of his excavation. Perceiving the great expense that would be incurred by constructing a brick arch through it, he judiciously dived down into the herd stratum below, and carrying the tunnel under the sand-bed, rose up again beyond it, well knowing that, water always find ing its original level, this partial sinking of the bed would be no impe diment to the course of the water along the tunnel. It is understood that Governer Darling, in order to facilitate as well as ensure the communica tion between Sydney and the penal settlements (a communication at all times tedious and frequently uncertain, by means of sailing-vessels,) has applied to the Home Government for a steam engine, and the requisite machinery, with the view of constructing a steam boat to ply between Sydney and these settlements, which have been put to severe trials at times, by reason of the failure of supplies through the tedious passages made to and fro by the sailing vessels, while these tedious passages have admitted of conspiracies being hatched among the felons on board of them, which in some instances have ended in their capture. Governor Darlin, in fact, perceives that communication will not only be quicker, but thmpw by atoms of steam th an by means of sailing yawls, as one steam vess el would be able to perform the whole of the duty of the presenteaffing vessels, allot which might consequently be sold of. The immense impulse given to the commercial and sgri. cultural prosperity of England by steam navigation, sufficiently points out the incalculable benefits that must accrue to the colony by ha intro duction there. That stock will rise in the whiny, with the return of the usual favourable seasons, Is no more than what may be fairly andcipated,:although there is no probability of its ever attaining beyond half the value of former years—value infinitely too high fur every purpose connected with colonial prosperity. While benefitthig the present residents possessed of large Sochi and herds, it injured the colony generally, by deterring emigration, and consequently checking the !name of population. An emigrant may now see himself down upon his giant at a foutb of the expense of former years, on account of the present cheapness of stock; and as long, therefore, as stock and agricultural produce in general do not fall below the prices at which he originally purchased, be must be so far a gainer by the chan ge , a c qu i r . ing, as he does, an equal amount of substantial wealth for the 1001. that tour hundred would barely have purchased some three yews ago. From all I have observed, however, I conceive the opinion of Mr. Cob. beet as applicable to New South Wales as AmMat, that it Is better Ise endgrants of capital to purchase land in an already settled neigh. losudessi, than to take a grant that may even cast them nothing in a port of the Colony alike remote from society, and an immediately politaids market for what they may reduce. &vend lal-anired agailmti ballooned on this plat' ; fi nding, as they ie r that often anodes thereby a property, the improvements en Wait ass *the while of the sum actually paid, a boon reedy to ssesiveindr modest-buildings, cleared isnd, and found potadados silent Ise all the purposes of a oar seder, which it would have relied years of pgdeat - labour to attain, without reference to the soprise yaks of the hihd by reason of tho shore condensed ponied= oroood, sea the sip pail society thereby acquired. A new line et read is now to apnoea the old settled portion, of the early with Tort Maagiasele and other bertha% settlement. about to be opened to endrants, while woad is now in progress to the southward; with the like bale. fiatl views. jniprovements, solid and ustful, seem to be the aim of Governor Darling's Administration; and in no way has he benefitted the colony more, than in the construction of roads to facilitate can. mutilation between the capital and the distant settlements. A firm, unbending honesty of purpae with a determination to do what be sees will be positively beneficW, without reference to what may prove dazzling and popular, ram to be the views that guide his conduct and, continuing in this course, he need not fear of justice being done to him by posterity, however much the cavillers of the present day may rail against him. tit We beg to apologise to our cotemporaries of the Chronicle and He rald, for not having given reference to their papas, for some articles, for which we were indebted to them, in yesterday's paper. It is al ways our wish to be particular in such acknowledgments; and it is only by accident that such reference is omitted. SPIRIT OF THE JOUR.VALS. Timos.—lt would be seen bytie report of the proceedings of the French Chamber of Deputies on Wednesday, which we received by ex press yesterday, that the Deputies have completed their preliminary ar. rangements for the impeachment of the late Ministers, having not only decided that they should be impeached, but appointed three of their number as Commissioners to conduct the trial. The names of these three Commissioners are—M. Berenget who drew up the of the examination of the ac cusa l, on w hi c h t h e Ch am b er M. Per. ail, and M. Mather Monjault. A considerable delay must take place I before the commencement of the trial, to allow the accused time to prepare for their terrible ordeal, to settle the form of proceedings be. fore the Peers, and to form the Upper Chamber into a Court of Justice. In reading the debates which have taken place in the Deputies on this novel and striking occasion, we are surprised at the poverty of talent, and the total want of eloquence, which distinguish the spmthm on both aides. This may in part result from the magnitude of the crime and the clearness of the evidence, which left the friends of the accused no resource but sophistry in making their defence, and relieved their ad versaries from all necessity of eniploybg declamation to heighten their guilt, or reasoning to enforce the charge. The very signature of the ordinances, and the issue of the order to enforce them by thing on the people, were sufficient to prove their treason, and these facts could nei. tha be denied nor aggravated. The very hesitation, at reluctance, which some of the Cabinet evinced in complying with their master's commands, in his attempt to overthrow the Constitution of their coon. try, only establish more clearly their criminality, by showing that they foresaw the consequences of their act. Trsimi.—The speech of M. Baryer in the Chamber of Deputies, contained, we take for granted, the whole of the argument supposed 'to be in any degree maintainable against the impeachment of the Minis ters. We have read that speech, and must be excused for stating broadly, that a more futile and feeble display of sophistry has seldom been presented to our notice. If the Ministers have been guilty of con spiring with the King the destruction of the public liberties, the fact of the chief conspirator having been disposed of ought not to ex ooerate his agents. The Chamber which promecutes, and that which pronounces sentence, ought to be guided simply by the answer to the question, whether the lasting interests of the realm re quire that an example should be made of these men or not, as an admonition to future ministers ? That is the only question, considered as one of domestic policy ; and the discourse of M. Barret we hold to have been the parade of a practitioner in the habit of fencing the truth. A vindictive sentence, as we have often said, would perhaps be more gravely deprecated by us than by the loudest declaimers on behalf of " dignity" and " humanity;" but if calm reason should exact • lesson to future ministers by affixing an austere punishment to any especial offenders, there is assuredly but little material of mitigation in the conduct of M. Polignac and his compare. His arguments might do very well for a special plmder, who is conversant with naught but technica li ties. An epigranunatie alter. native, through which one class of any mixed band of conspirators might, by suffering. save their fellows from all the penalties of a common crime, would, no doubt, be a convenient screen behind which future treasons might be hatched with a double chance of impunity. The French charter laid it down that the King's person was inviolable; but if the King was himself a ringleader in an attempt to destroy that charter,—if he had, in fact, already consummated by his own hand the overthrow of that charter on which his bviolabllity wee founded,—what follows ? Could he claim both adantages—absolute power, and a constitutional exemption from punishment? Extreme cases are not and cannot be contemplated by general laws. A King who makes war upon his people, dissolves all pre-existing compasa between them, and does, in truth, abdiave his constitutional crown. in the hope of snatching • crown, the enjoyment of whisk shall not be clogged by any restraints or conditions. He sets every thing—life, and amen, and dynasty —on the same cast; and if the dice be against is at the mercy of his conquerors. Now, nobody will affirm that the or any other people, ought to inflict the penalty of dethronement, even on a King who has acted towards them as an enemy, from vindictive feel ings. The question ought to be governed b a far higher coosidseadon,— namely, whether the national safety herea will be best consulted by retaining or by rejecting an unprincipled and culprit mcnsreh. What- ever may have been the motives of the mob of Paris, we appreheod that the ground on which men of more dispassionate and extensive views concurred in declaring the throne of France to be vacant, was a strong conviction that 'wither Charles X. nee its son could ever be trusted with the liberties of the French people. A King, brought up la the spirit of absolute people, neve r ew e b e an honest constitutional sore. reign, whether his name be Ferdinand or Charles. The expulsion, then, of the Bourbon dynasty was not a punishment, so much as an indispensable preeaudon. And on what plat ought the Ministers, who so wickedly co-operated with, or so feebly resisted the suggestions of, the ex-King's secret (probably ecclesiastical) advisers,—on what plea, we ask, ought they to be forgiven or chastised ? Beyond all question, without the slightest indulgence of either resentment or compassion to. wards them personally, but on a mere unmixed consideration of the evidence against than, and of what might be best for France. Ustrtt.D.—The people of Paris seem disposed to teach a lemon of humanity to Legislators. The French Revolution was characterised by the beautiful union of moderation and power. In dashing aside the chains of a tyranny that existed only to trample upon public rights, the ' people, even in the fiercest exasperation of their passions, acknowledged the influence of that beneficent spirit which has emanated their triumph in the eyes of all who have the interests of humanity at bean. That spirit was Mercy . May she ever guide the councils of a great nada, which, having just pumd through the perils of a fearful crisis with splendour and strength, has now to reform and consolidate the institutions on which the freedom and prosperity, and, above all, the moral character of a country depend. Our great dramatic poet says that " Mercy Is en throned in the beans of Kings ;" but the late events in France show that it is no less the glorious attribute of an heroic people ! Leery incident which shows the progress that humane principki are making in France, forebodes well for the moral and political destinies of the world. So great a nation, in the centre of Europe, adopting merciful and en. lightened principles of legislation, cannot fail to exercise a useful mo. ral influence over the legislative proceedings of other nations. It was, therefore, w i i ) t o h n iziliar pleasure we read in the letter of one of our Paris corns ents, on Monday last, that a vast concourse of peo. ple, who had assembled to rondo funeral honours to the memories of some of the victims of Bourbon tyranny, who, since " the Restoration," perished by the guillotine, signed petitions to the Chambers, calling for ' the abolition of the punishment of death. Our correspondent, after allud ing to some intelligence and rumours of a sombre character, says , "On the other band, we have th e conso latory fact that, invia:4l of having assembled on the Place-de-Greve, yesterday, to invoke vengeance on the beads of the Ex-Ministers of Charlet X. the clubs called " the Friends I of Truth" and " the Friends of the People," after having honoured the memories of Bodes and his companions, signed petitions to the Legisla ture, calling for the abolition of the punis hm ent of death. Thus, with the examples of Royal vengeance before their eyes—with their feelings stimulated by the recollection of the sanguinary deede of Bourbon power —they rejected the lesson of sanguinary revenge, and offered the homage of their applications to mercy ! and this at a time, too, when the Ministers, whose guilty advice to their infatuated Sovereign caused the streets of Paris to be deluged with the blood of its citizens, are about to appear as criminals at the bar of pub. lie justice. Who could have supposed, a few years ago that the question of the abolition of the punishment of death would be agitated in a country where the atrocious Law of Sacrilege was passed —a law uniy breathing the spirit of the darkest ages of anguinary bar barism ? We, who have been lung endeavouring to induce our Legis. 'gun to undertake a rational and thotou k ilt amendment of our criminal code—a code which, notwithstanding the bowed labours of reform of late years, is still the most sanguinary in Europe--cannot but feel great satisfaction at finding that our principles, though hitherto rejected at home, are making progress among a people whom Englishmen never allowed to be on a level in point of morality or Christian sentiment with themselves. It is true we went no further than to demand that men should not be put to death fur forgery, or for any invasion of the rights' of property unaccompanied by violence. The French go to a much greater length; they call for the abolition of the penalty of death in all eases whatever—and, if this be an error, it is better to err on the side of mercy than of blood. Such ernes bring neither disgrace on the me. wary DM remorse to the conscience. COBBETT Awn run Cmaexict.s--The following appears in Cab. lielister of this day :—" You must all have been filled with in at the contents of this paper, which related to the Musk as the tax-eaten call it : but particularly as the impudent owe gimes part of the 'semen,' as they call it, put forth upon from the pallet by the Bishop of Rochester. Impudence, arrogance, and in. 1 1 solemn, have always been part of the character of high.priesta, in all ages; bat verily, if this newspaper de not lie most shamefully, thi s i s the mom beam of all the basket things ever uttered even by a high. priest. This fellow's asp is Manny. it MOM j he Is, doubtless, of the /the beef; so that, besides the MAN: we hen b i t e the erisfeurta and the nesepilmen, any one of the three gaits 'Neagh, in all con. 'cisme t bat cep three together, prole and pride more than suet. dam * it eat even the soul et " I must step here so Notify argil Iddr regard to this description of Seotekente. I have, from my earliest entrance Iwo the world, which was ie the army, observed haughtiness. presumplion, and pride, in Soxchmen. They are, generally ►peaking. teen of Knee, prudent, sober, punctual, men of their word, careful, tru.tworthy, and constant in their attachments. Those of them who wo►k, are amongst the best of the people of this kingdom ; as soldiers, they axe, in general, more orderly, more to be relied on than other private soldiers ; and, if pru dence accompanies their bravery, still they are brave men. But they are, in general, uajostifiably proud. This is seen in them in all ranks and pursuits of lite. So true is thi<, that, in the French language, ' Fier °mew sot Ecossois,' (haughty as a Scotchman,) is a proverb hundreds of years old, arising out of the experience of the French, when they were (as they were for centuries) allied with the Scotch against the English. Of the beautiful comedy of Repaid ' (I think it is), Tee Glories's.; the principal character. that which gives the name to the piece, is a &adman, and the Clot-hut ' means, the haughty, and conceited, and insolent. So that there must be something in the character of this people to cause them to be deemed unjustifiably proud. This is a quality, however, that does not check their success is the world. The mass of mankind (and especially the English) are very much prone to give men credit tor possessing the merit to which they stake 641 d pretensions; and especially when the pretensions arc accompanied with a prudent reserve and a general de meanour free from allies and &Ike/Wis. Great talents, great skill in workmen, extraordinary valour, and, indeed, all extraordinary qualities, are, generally speaking, unaccompanied with the pritemetv that the plodder possesses. How many men of bright genius have lived and died the slaves, the mere drudges, of wretches whose minds arc deeply impressed with the plain fact, that twelve pence make one shilling? Look throughout the world, and you will find, that it is mediocrity which com mands; it is the tortoise, and not the hare. There is hardly an instance of Seotchmen rising, in sup line of life, above mediocrity ; and yet look at the power and emolument they possess ! Their presumption is great beyond belie'; but still it serves them ; and, without any merit, they thrust men of real merit aside, and especially in this state of things, which makes the boroughmongers of this rich country call them in to their aid from motives similar to those from:which the Stri a , were called into France by the Bourbons." Tice Cimino: is a Comedy of De/touches, and the character alluded to is not represented as Scotchman, but as of an old French family, Monseigneur Carlo. man, Alexandre, Cesar, Henri, Jules, Armand, Philagene, Louis De Mont-sur.biont Chevalier, Baron de Montorguel, blarques de Tufiere. As all their neighbours say the Scotch are proud, there must be some truth m the charge. The French, by way of ridiculing their family pride, used to say " Every Scotsman calls the King his cousin." But Mr. Cobbett attributes qualities to them in. consistent with each other. The Scotch troops are not prudent in bat de—their defect is excessive ardour, that unfits them for being good light infantry, for which their compact and active bodies would Other. wise peculiarly adapt them. In their battles with the English In former times, they were always too impatient. They are best adapted for in. teeing breaches, and other hot work. In battle they are better fin the offensive than the defensive. At one time the Highland regiments were not allowed their swords, on account of their proneness to throw down their muskets and rush on the enemy at an unsuitable time. That im petuosity is the pendia character of Scotch troops was never, we be. neve, questioned by any axe who knows them.• DRURY-LAVE THEATRE This theatre opened last night for the lesson, with "a goodly augury" of success, for the audience was one of the most numerous we remem ber to have seen, and the aowds even at the box doors wee °prewar,: of course the pit and galleries were filled by the first such. AU the seats occupied, the house presented a very brilliant :prima, far supe rior to that which was presented on W e d nes d a y n i g h t , w h en i t was lig hted for theourpose of an anterior view, and when, of course, the life of the scene, the eager multitude, " the galaxy of eyes" (ea the imitator of a little-great pet expresses lt,) end the splendour of gay dresses were wanting. The EfOr res e ling pithet for the whole effect of the alters tins is the word for they ere all In exceedingly good taste without anything leo of pmly. We doubt the advantage of the change in the dm di& or as far as vocal music is con caned ; for all the insimmente being congregated la the centre of the stage, the raga bee to emend with, sod to penetrate a volume of mod whke must be Am overwhelming. The en semble:of tbsberreessMe kegollibily improved. se was testified by the excellent pediment if the emetteres se /swum and Guillaume Tell, under the superlmodace of %mow. Thepethemenes ammenced with " God save the Jae by the whole magesy IN the stage and of the stem begedan with a verse Is ampliment se the Queen — the weeds of wield we did not catch. Three pious woe appointed for the evening —um of which presented any very psalm strosity—The Hypocrite. DAP se a Peel, and .Ifatsaitleils In theist, Dowrox. who has not played at tithe: of the winter theatres for two years, took his old pert of Dv. Catanoil, end went through it with his former smoothness and Wilson t the first four sets:were unctuous and the hart insolent. A Mr. Animates, from the liarnarket, was a new Sty Jabs Lambed, siee old Powxt.i., who for about twenty years was allowed a sort of prescriptive right to :the part. Ile acquitted himself reasonably well, and therefore gaits as well as his pre decessor. LISTON'S itase.oporm was Arson as laughable as it used to be, and we are happy to say, that be hes not materially increased In else. The female characters were even to Mrs. C. Joins, Mrs.Osoxa, and Min MOIDAUOT, all of whom have been before seen in the parts they filled. Miss Normal:roes style is not sailkinidy fax and flowing foe Charlotte; it has too much of pins and needles about it pointed, but without continuity. We have nothing sew to say about the performance of Deaf as a Post, as there was no she. ration in the cast sloes last season. In Massasielio, the chief, if net the only, change was in the representation of the heroine. MSS BYIrIILD, from Covent garden, appeared For the first time on these boards, and sang the music belonging to Mein: with good taste and good voice. Of course every thing went of with applause, and we ought to mention that the overture to Guillaume Tell was repeated at the general call of the audience. The decorations seemed to give uni versal satisfaction, but the new drop-curtain was not exhibited, and we presume that the change in the design and colour has not yet been completed. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. The &lad's,. Todd, from Hull to Oporto, ran on shore on the Cross Sand on Wednesday, but was assisted off with damage, and fu!l of water, and carried tato Soethwold. The Ceres, Weeks, front St. Poeta:sures, was on shore on the Star Cross Sand, near Toptban., on Thursday, and full of water. The Sophia, Lelo, bound to Genoa, sprang a leak in Ramsgate har bour on Thursday night, and yesterday morning bad nine fret %Atr in her hold. The Spanish Patriot, Smith, from Woolwich to Newcastle, sunk on the Cockle Sand on Thursday night. Crew saved. The Poway, intim, from Swansea, has arrived at Padatow with damage, and very leaky, bound to London. D EAL . ckv, I.—Wind S. W.—Arrived the Harriet, ---, from the Mauridus. Pontoons. OCT. I —Wind S.W. blassatn, Oct. l.—Arched the William Manning, Smith, from St. Kitt's • and Vine, Evans, from Pill an . Host, Oct. I.—Arrived the Johannes, Eurdick, from Bahia, nod Jane, Cammack, from &. Jago de Cuba. beetroot. Sere. 50.—Arrived the Henry Alexander. Pike, from Smyrna; Cossack. Chancellor. from Catania ; and Eliza Dick, Wylie, from Archangel. Off the port, the Ardent, from Bahia ; and Vine, from Africa. SUIRLDS, Sire. SO.—Arrived the Active, Dower, and Usable, Skirol. from Quebec. Bu.earr, Si,,. 29.—Arrived the Jobn, Mart, from Quebec; and Amory, Wyeoo, from Sc. John's, N.B. 110 USE—(Tau DAT.) MR. HUNT'S CHARGE AGAINST A COMMON COUNCIL. MAN. This morning Mr. Tiekner aidre;sed the Lord Mayor. complaining of a calumnious attack on him which had appeared in the Tomes of to. day, and which was purported to have been made by It,. Hunt. Mr. Thither then referred to the report alluded to, and mid that he had pur. chased the stone mentioned by Mr. Hunt at a fair price. lie krt w not the motive Mr. Hunt bad in thus calumniating him, exe,ept that he (Mr. T.) was opposed to Mr. Hunt in polities, and to the speedier, he made on Kennington-cowmen last St. Monday. He (Mr. T.) felt that it would base been more like a man of honour, if Mr. Hunt him, informed him that he intended to make the charge. The purchae of the stone in question was made four years ago, and it now was laid it. his (Mr. T.'s) yard. He would pay the expense of a surveyor and if the atone was found to be worth one farthing more than he gave for it, be would beat all the calumny attempted to be laid upon him. The Lotus MATOI observed, that he felt assured of the honour of Mi. T. who then withdrew. This morning, between 10 and 11 o'clock, as a young man, a cutter-out, in the employ of Mr. Urcavev, tailor, in theStrenti. Was walking through Knowll-square, he just reached the corner of Guildford-meet, when, turning suddenly round, gazed about fur ball p minute, end dropped down. A surgeon wee sent for, who codes voured to bleed him, but to no effect, as life was annplersly callpet klis body was immediately removed to the Frieud-st-hand pub -hove, Colooade. Russell-square, to await a Coroner's inquest. Died on Sunday, the 19th ult. after a abort illness, which she bore with the most unexampled fortitude and Illimboth Mitchell, of Gittisham, War Bonitos*, Devon, armee si years. Her anallksed meekrese, neellatt temper, and perky of am. duet, won the end ammo of all who knew her. fbo died Maundy and deservedly regretted, and bee virtues will ever be held in the read. Isaias of bet mods—twined toe great a pima* mem be paid so the rastroory of this may mailable wises. Vbe was a amstant amend. ant whir Lards Table. and Aspersed this Hts is the jsytal baps et a blessed essealty. " Os (my (beistka reader) ad da - tbsa 11Mmks." ~~ 1 1