Star. — London, England, 1820-01-14 00:00:00

PRUSSIA., DICEMBRE as. By an Order, of the 26th of the month, the Lag has,- on the repeated request of Lieutenant-General Boyen,•Minister of, War, accepted his resignation of that laborious office; and has, as a testimony of his satisfaction, granted him a pension of 6,000 crowns. Lieutenant-General Von Haake, commanding the Prussian Provinces of the Rhine, is appointed Mi nister of War. Until his arrival, General Schoeler, Chief of the First Department of the War Ministry, will occupy his place. We mentioned, at the time, the dismissal of M. - Watts, Professor of Theology. This event was then made the subject of reproach. The Liberals said it was shameful to dismiss a Functionary, for having written a mere letter of consolation to the mother of Sandt. The Public is now enabled to form an accu rate judgment of this affair, for M. Wette's Letter has been published. This Letter, remarkable for the most dangerous principles, is as follows: " You have, u a mother, been struck with so severe a blow, that I consider myself obliged, from the friendship you have ohms me, to send you a few lines of consolation. Had you to weep merely-the loss of your excellent son, I should be silent, and leave it to your pious heart and to time to calm your sorrow. But the opinion of the multitude will, with an appearance of justice, stigmatize your son as a criminal. This is what induces me to be his advocate with you, and to defend his memory from dishonour, at least in his own family. " The action which he has committed is not only illegal, and punishable by temporal justice; but, considered abstractedly, is immoral, and contrary to social law. Artifice and violence can not establish a right, and the goodness of the end is no justifica tion of the injustice of the means. As a moralist, I cannot al prove of such actions; it is by good, and not by evil, that evil must be resisted. However, when an action already committed is to be judged, it is proper to adopt, for the basis of the judg ment, not general law, but the conviction and motivei of the actor. It is according to his own faith that every one is to be judged " I admit that the resolution of your son proceeded from error, and was not exempt from passion ; but what man can Batter himself to be exempt from passion and error? Certainly, no one. The error is, however, excused, and in some measure destroyed, by the firmness and purity of the conviction; and the passion is sanctified by the source whence it sprung. lam per guided, that your pious and virtuous son was in this situation; he was assured within himself ; he regarded this resolution as just, and therefore, in this view, he has acted well. May every one act according to his conviction, and thus also act well ! " If I do not absolve his resolution from every passion, I do not thereby ascribe to him a gloomy intoxication, or a fiery agi tation ; for Sandt, as far as I knew him, was a man of calm and reflecting character. The purest enthusiasm inspired him, and that enthusiasm came from the best source; but it received from the youth of Sandt a violence which impelled it beyond de bounds of life. Without this sort of passion, it is almost impos sible to perform a great action. The fire of enthusiasm must necessarily burst forth. I assure you, that your son, far from diruinishing the love that I had vowed to him from the first moment that I knew him, has augmented it. " The act, as it has been committed by a virtuous and pious young man, with faith and with an internal conviction, is a noble P henomenon of the present age. Whatever be the fate which await; your son, he has lived enough, since he has resolved to die for the noblest wish of his heart. Whoever• is capable of thus risking his life, proves that he is fully sensible of its value, and that he estimates it, not by its duration, but by its intrinsic beauty. Unfortunately, we are, in Germany, accustomed to prefer a noble death to a life passed in baseness and indolence.— Do not say it is enctressing that all men do not acknowledge the sublimity of their death. • " The conduct otSandt la the mark of a noble tine of think. ing, which may serve to rouse mankind from their lethargy. A young man sacrifices his life to exterminate an individual who was idolized by so many of his fellow-creatures. And will this action produce no effect? But to judge of an action we need not look to its results, as we do not judge of a man's life by the lustre be may throw around him t the most obscure is frequently the most virtuous. Respected friend, may you be convinced of the truth of these reflections, and maintain this mode of viewing the subject, in spite of all objections! You brought forth and edu cated this extraordinary young man ; you also knew how to un der-stand and to value him ; you will be able to support with courage and resignation the tate which he has chosen for himself. Goo, who is powerful in the weak, will aford you his support. I am, with respect, etc.” This letter appears evidently to have been written with the view of being circulated among the friends and partisans of Sandi; it did indeed obtain this snit of clandestine publicity, and it therefore in time fixed the attention of the Government. The following is the text of the King's Rescript, ad dressed on this subject to the Minister of Public In struction : Berlin, September 30, 1819. " Professor Wette bas authentically acknowledged the copy presented to him, of a letter which he addreued on the 31st of March, of the present year, to Madame Sandi, the wife of the Cousellor of Justice, and he has endeavoured to defend the jus tiScat:on of the murder committed by young Saudi; the im portant duties of Professor of Theology and Morality are incom patible with such conduct. I should wound sy own conscience were Ito intrust the education of youth to a an who regards assassination as justifiable under certain conditions and pre emptions ; and I charge you, by these presents, to divest Pro fessor Wette of his functions of instructor. (Signed) " FREDERICK WILLIAM." MOUNT VESUVIUS.—A private letter from Naples says—" On the Ist ult. snow fell here, accompanied with much thunder. About the middle of the night the inhabitants were awakened by a subterraneous noise, and soon afterwards one of the most dreadful eruptions commenced that has been• witnessed for twenty years. The inhabitants of Torre del Greco, of l'Aumenaiata, and even of Partici, experienced the greatest disquietude, apprehending the fate of Herculaneum and Pompeii. The lava, however, for tunately divided itself into five torrents, and flowed to the foot of the mountain for the space of a league. The crater is much enlarged, a part of its brink having fallen into the gulph. On the 7th the lava still continued to low." LIVERPOOL, JANUARY 12, The Uxbridge (Holy head packet), Captain &runtime, arrived here this day, from Dubin' ' with the remains of the epoch-la mented Countess TALBOT. All the vessels in the harbour immediately hoisted their colours half-mast high, and the bells tolled a solemn dirge. The body will be landed to-morrow, and will proceed imme diately to Staffordshire. Every respect has been paid, which was due, to the amiable character oldie late Coots's. 4 --- - - T LONDON. • TO CORRESPONDENTS. Buacos.—The letter with this signature would appear, we think, with more propriety in the Periodical Work to which it alludes; and the writer may have it for this purpose, by apply ing at our Office. FRIDAY, JANUARY 14, 1820. THE FUNDS. PRICE OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT ONZ O'CLOCK 3 per Cent. Reduced 68 1 / 2 1 / 4 3 per Cent. Consols 67% 1 / 4 % ex. div. Si per Cent. 77 4 p er Cent. 86 5 / 3 78 c/s 5 per Cent. Navy 102% 103 102% ex. div. Bank Long Annuities 17 15-16 IS Imperial 3 per Cent. Arms. 67 1 / 4 Irish 5 per Cents. 102 1 / 2 Lelia Bonds Bs. 9s. pr. Old Annuities 63:',/ 8 1 / 2 Exchequer Bills (2d.) Is. 2s. dis. Consols for Acct. 69% 'A 3 )111 • A Mail from Flanders has brought us, this fore noon, Brussels Papers to the 11th inst. We subjoin some extracts, the most interesting among which is an account of the trial and acquittal of a M. de BEAUREGARD, for being engaged, tinder Colonel MACIRONE, in recruiting for the South American, Patriots. If the representation given in these Papers .be correct, the acquittal has been pronounced on the general principle, that it is lawful in the people of any country, to assist, individually, the inhabitants of another country struggling for their liberty. The principle is not, perhaps, so questionable as it is new. Its recognition, at the present crisis of Spanish affairs, cannot fail to - be of great importance s " GHENT, JANUARY s. Yesterday the Court of Assizes had to try an action in which important points of the Law of Na tions are involved. " M. GRANIER, Baron de BEAUREGARD, Knight of St. Louis, taking the title of Inspector-General of the Artillery of the Army of New Granada, was indicted for having, by hostile actions, incited against the State, a Declaration of War from Spain, one of the Allied Powers. " M. JOUHAUD, Counsel for the accused, began his defence by proving that his client had not an *timed a false tide, and that he bad been appointed, by General Macirone, Inspector-General of the Ar tillery of the Army of New Granada. Entering then on the examination of the important question before the Ccurt, he endeavoured to prove that a State keeps within the bounds of neutrality, when it tolerates in favour of one nation, what it does not prohibit to the nation against whom it carries on war; and then, that a Government is never responsi ble for the acts of a single citizen, still less those of , a foreigner. " M. JOUHAUD alleged, in this important discus sion, the authority of Grotius and Puffendorf, whose opinions he developed with the force of reasoning of which the Tribunals of Ghent have so often been witnesses. " We observed, at the end of his speech, the pas sage in which he combats the assertion, that the Law ofNations, applicable between one nation and another, l i cannot be appealed to in favour of the revolted Co lonies. The following were nearly his expressions: Such is, in fact, the language of Spain ; and this hofrible distinction, silencing every sentiment of hu manity, has commenced that war of extermination which has made of America the vastest tomb that ever was created by the hand of man. But the lan guage of oppression and rage is not that which we ought to hear within these walls. Let us, then, leave it to Spain to proclaim as rebels a whole people, who, inhabiting a country above fifteen hun dred leagues in extent, have risen to demand its in dependence, which a handful of Europeans refine it. But has not the voice of Tyranny also proclaimed as rebels these same Spaniards, who but lately combated with so much heroism for the same blessings Which • I their American brethren now derend against them ? Were not those North Amiericans also rebels, who dared to withdraw themselves from the yoke of England ?—Were they net called criminals, till the moment when other interests caused a different, language to beheld? Government then proclaimed, l that the cause of America was a sacred cause. The King of France equips his fleets, and the flower of his armies, inflamed with a noble enthusiasm, goes to fight for Independence.' " The Court, by its decision, sanctions these prin ciples, developed with equal ability and courage, and M. de Beauregard was acquitted. " GHENT, JANUARY 10. gg M. de lisauregard, on his acquittal by the Court of. Assize, was immediately carried back to his place of confinement. It seems that he is to quit the king dom, and that he will be immediately conveyed be yond the frontiers. This Officer, who contracted many debts for the interest of a cause, for which he has never been indemnified, has honourably dis charged them, by means of sacrifices made by his family." “ BRUSSELS, JANUARY 7. g i M. Weissenbreck, the King's Printer, has ap pealed against the sentence passed upon him, one of his clerks having declared himself to b. guilty of in serting, in the Journal General, the article for which M.Weissenbruck was condemned, in the first instance. The Court declared this excuse inadmissible, but de ferred the further hearing of the appeal for a week." VIENNA, DECEMBER 29. " All the deliberations of the Congress of Ministers are covered with an impenetrable veil, which will not be removed till they separate. All that has been published, or which may be published by foreign Journals on the subject, is just as authentic as the Arabian Nights' Entertainments. The measures adopted are such, that it is impossible to learn any thing. This is the truth; and it is proper that people at a distance should be informed of it, that they may be on their guard against false news, and those who circulate them." 44 BRUSSELS, JANUARY 10. " A Hatnburgh Paper says, that a furious insur rection of the populace, attended with bloodshed, has broken out at Smyrna, in which the Palace of the Pacha was stormed, and that he himself escaped with great difficulty." The Paris Papers of Tuesday arrived this forenoon. Public business continues still suspended, in conse quence of theindisposition of the leading Members of the Ministry. The Chamber of Deputies was ex pected to meet, but did not, on Monday, nor was there any appearance of its re-assembling before to day or to-morrow. M. Do CAZE is still confined to bed, and the fears of his Physicians are said to have increased. M. DE SERRE is better; but we are as , cured, that the Ministry of Justice is, notwithstand ing, to be transferred to M. FASQUIER. The Commissioners• General of ljarine have sent the following Notice to the Chambers of Commerce of the different Ports of France: " his Excellency the Minister of Marine and of the Colonies has informed me, by letter of the 28th of this month, that an Order of his most Catholic Majesty, recently published, suppresses all the im-' posts to which Spanish flour, imported into the Island of Cuba, was subject, and has established a duty of eight piastres (fortes) and a half on each barrel of flour imported from France, the United States, or any other country." An article dated Manheim, the 27th December, states, that intelligence had just been received, that the great dyke of the Rhine had been burst through, at ten o'clock on the preceding evening, and that the inhabitants of the adjoining country had been obliged to fly to the highest pinnacle's for refuge. The terri tory of Carlstuhe, is almost wholly under water ; and, indeed, there are few towns along the Rhine, or adjoining the rivers which flow into it, that are not suffering greatly from the inundations. French Five per Cents.—Monday, 72fr. 50c. Extract from a Mercantile Letter, dates Paris, Ja. unary 6 You reason justly respecting the poli tical affairs of England, and the influence these must have en the trade of your country, which I am con vinced can never rise again to that transcendent height on which it once stood, as long as the National Debt is so enormous, or so much is wrung from the' manufacturing and commercial classes to pay for its support. It is difficult to enter into competition with other countries which send their goods to market not so much burdened with expenses. This England could do, as long as the Continental war lasted, and she was alone on the seas. There is, besides, a want of corresponding energy, and exertion in your Go vernment, or, at least, so we view things of ss dis tance from the vortex of party factions, which does not correspond to existing emergencies. It will be seen here with astonishment, if your Government allows the Americans to take possession of and keep the Floridas, as such an act would be considered as the strongest possible proof of its own embarrass. ments, and, as such, no doubt, it will be interpreted by the cunning people of the United States, who have been the only gainers by the late disasters of Europe, and who will lose sight of no advan tages which may arise out of the weakness of any part. —With regard to ourselves, notwithstanding the !division that exists in the public mind, and the cer- ' tainty that a very boisterotis discussion will tali on the Project of the Ministers, in proposing tions of the Charter, added to the probable public exasperation may give rise to result feet: of a serious nature, the rentes have rit, is attributed to the stagnation, or rather ce•s: commorcial business, which has placed the of many in a state of inactivity. Them now the cellars of the Bank 200 millions of francf millions sterling), in money unemployed; and! from England large remittances come over ti vested in oar Funds. These causes may be t: for my part, 1 think there is something factitiou rise of the rentes, and that it is in a great n, lowing to one of thoe systematic plans of spi tion, so often practised in London with succe• which will, ere long, bring a large portion Government paper again into the market, sent, however, no embarrassments are remar the commercial houses here." Our Readers were informed, some time the dismissal of M. WETTE, Professor of 'I hi Berlin, from his Chair ; and, by the glossts this affair, in the foreign Journals, a caeurii given to the transaction, tending to convey pression that he was the victim of arbitrary We insert the Letter that caused his dismissal we think that no man of sound morals will to approve of the dismissal of a Teacher %II maintain that Assassination may not be crini "the convictions and motives of himu ho h. mitted it," were pure; because " it is ace, his own faith that every one is to be judge: Away with all such sophisticated morality. this true, Divine Revelation would be a m, and all human laws would stand opposed only principles by which the conduct of should be regulated—" their own convictit feelings!" The King of PRUSSIA would, in nion, have deserved the execrations of the and all future generations, had he permits maintainer of such a doctrine to superinten, longer the education of youth. The REGENT left town yesterday, soon after o'clock, for Brighton. Yesterday morning, at an early hour, ti; CHANCELLOR had an audience of the Pet GENT, at Cm-lion-house. The Duke and Duchess of ARGYLE, left Wednesia 7, on a tour. The Earl and Countess of SHAFTESBURY, milt', left their house ia Grosveilor-square, yesu for their seat in Dorsetshire. Lord ERSKINE has paid a visit to his natiA try, after an absence of fifty-one years. Ile at the house of his brother, the Earl of Buc George-street, Edinburgh, on Saturday last, at met his grand-children (who are receiving thk cation in Edinburgh) with their parents. The and Learned Lord will find a new creation left Scotland, in 1768. The New Town was begun, and the improvements, in every di exceed all that can be witnessed in any oti upon earth. The Noble Lord says, in his lett. in his own family, he finds three new gene around him, whilst those of former days hav4 away." A Correspondent, who has just returned Christmas visit to some old friends in the nei hood of the Lakes, highly pleased with his exl informs us that he never saw the mountains a more sublime grandeur and magnificence, the snow and heavy hoar frosts, every thing wears but one hue. Derwent water beini over, its stupendous surrounding mountains, with its skating inhabitants, a most enci scene. The waterfall, at Steckgill Force, Ann in all its fantastic shapes, is, perhaps, as "? spectacle as this country can, at this season, duce ; but nothing can exceed the most er nary, picturesque, or rather grotesque scenery Stock Bridge and Mill,: at Ambleside—th4 masses of ice, banging in every:possible betel ous direction, around the whole building am_ and particularly on and about the water-wheel, one of the most complete subjects for the pencil—it is a perfect Lapland scene. At of Windermere, our Correspondent was surprized with the appearance of a little fa' ice, where among the groupe of skaters, whom shewed much dexterity, were to be Ladies learning. to skate—who, impervious cold winds, or the hard solid ice, in spite of • falls, shewed their mountain strength and ' by a steady perseverance. The only article of interest from Rolla; the interruption of the navigation, relates to The following are the particulars :—The Porto Rico, in the first hands, are limited, the importations having been disposed of in ber last, to consumers or speculators, at fron to ten stivers. Two vessels, from St. Thomas' arrived in the Texel, with about 150,000 The stock of Marylands, at Amsterdam, mated at from 17 to 1800 hogsheads, aid Rot about 1000 hogsheads ; yet prices continue and the holders being able to keep, no of consequence was anticipated. Of Virgin'. stocks were limited, those at Amsterdam - I cseding SOO hogsheads, and at RotterdaL l' The demand for manufacturers remained stew, Georgia and Kentucky, 2000 hdgsheads on Amsterdam, and 800 at Rotterdam, with 1 Imand, and prices likely to give way. COVENT-GARDEN TREATRE.—The COM& Lao It, was again performed last nig) brought forward, for the second tine, Miss W in the character of Rosalind. The ease with which Miss WENSLEY went through th, her total freedom from aukwardness or ment—affords the best testimony, not of merely, bat of abilities matured and di. much previous application. The repetition Play, for Monday nest, was qnuouaced cheer. of the audience. THZ RETEMIZ. Os are of the Produce of the Erase Duties (exclusive of any Arrears received of the War Duty on rah) in the Quarters encruig sth January, 1819 and itiO, showing the Increase or Decrease on each read thereof : - 7 Auctions Beer Bricks • the Quarter, THE EVENING STAR. • • - Qaartets end sth Jan. In- ' De- -1810. 18 2 0. crease. crease. 1 Auctions ... £ 16,050 se 19,246 B . .8 6,804 . Beer 624,629 510,414 64,195 Bricks and nes 160,241 196,431 16,170 Candles Coffee and Cocoa Cyder, Perry, &e 1,698 14431 11,340 Glass Bides and Skins "158,275 157,814 419 Li ce n s es Malt • . 970, 612 851,031 119, 581 Paper ...... 124361 115,329 139,197 9,912 Printed Goods Pepper 20,093 20,893 Salt Soap •• 269,719 277,685 14,966 ~ s 5 British 603,744 522,000 81,744 S P 1 Foreign Starch ...... Stone Bottles ... Sweets ....... Tea Tobacco and Snuff 830,619 547,186 216,567 Vinegar Wine Wire --.----- 6,238,040 6,439,544 568,309 366,805 Deduct Decrease .. . 366,805 Increase ou the Quarter ... ..... ..... 201,504 -. • Ake ' ng• . . ;1,1 it•en: (4t ' we ne: c raja riv )W 11 C; Re les au d hesitt to be ha t: uc, but, cut lit, ous in tl:e 'of n teastre Cls spete;... nit: cess, br; in of sc: xh At pr.t. tza Larked in the ago, of tra nci ; gives . it [ring seat pra 1n mei V Pai ssal ; pra 1 hesit...! the lin cm.: trio 1 has con: day Aged." y. 1110 mocke. thci td to at of men sect Lions ti:t.d at t. at i our o; e p c•.••:: acted t not tend like' ders best after cr. tvhi: pres the Los: ter :rice lit: A frail i town r intel Scot v, and f.. horn yesterda pers tout tive coy?, the le atiiv, corn UCHAN, ; dans , and tl:r: for their c,:7:t the • fhe he n since S not and directic. cant suln't 3ther ate:, ti,.. for e enet:att:t: hum aye past, tests is it d from Min or d esti: I sic- exec ns press:: b t e, as froi btin ; in raft its s ng ft oze is, exhibit win uchantin Pub: ; grand ason, pn mow extraordi sent i try of tE toe& -the Intl litica, terog c at. fellm nd brid any hee, o • . by tt the artist cash the he• rri agreeabi 'cr ib fair on tl am, s, some tom be four , is Ous tot requi )f repeats et th hardiho. hs h; It land, sins an hi o Tobac him supplies injui d, most t I pr, in Nove If hi 'rom eigl as h nas's, ha and X) poun anti: , was es. 6t Rotterda tern nued hid 'tun depressse fool that m not e: mem :dam 70( steady. C 3R hand torn little d rkedy of es night, r.t: sWeicsLit 64 and spiv the part eve: en:liana! deli of abiliti Die lirected 64 tiOSof ti .1 9 1)4 I maid t' and yeu tra immimaroll