Star. — London, England, 1801-11-30 00:00:00

nutics. ris cenvlevaveas 22012 24112 Mil lelletliii race. ~. run. onvesisaa 33. To -es one Mr lad rirs othes Counfellers appeared sea preferred the Whew* maw Si us Sti Vas lletif OT its InSPUILIC. It se wish she limiliee fatisfaiiies that the Go mesemenepeteues to the nation the piens* of the aim of die ftepebht during the yew which has Lerely chid. Every thing se its intensal and m ensal itemize her. Ahmed a sew sips& and on mimes fah it is some prated. it acts a long pedinek of bap sell felicity. `the Wel sal in the Swath the remnant of nuterwees belies et brigands inhaled the roads and defelmed the Gelds, while they wets either alto refer inedible se the mere which peened them, ee was "'faded again& them by that terror etude they mired mew their victims. If lone saws they fell see the hands of their mimes, awl were Wee& into a ahead of JAW, their awslasity &eta terror inn their amftwe, sad the wirerges who were as prom their gvik ; nor did i r trZsg• aid Juries ehapc from the fear their eacieed. Freon the Leads of jeftice there samillen shaped gepesilhed, only to renew their brew atrocities. Again* this pea, deftrudive err the order of inciety, it was aceefary to employ ether arms than meld be fumed in thole flow and gredeal forms ef procedure, which public Office motleys arid site fit evil (pints who con max tiseMeives hem puaiS tment in Silence and fo kiosk. Spetiel tribunals were created, what, mete sapid and certain atftivity was capable of, seething sad eadoendieg them. Flagrant circa- den have hem hived; witederkeve ceded to be hoimidmed ; ledges haws eilie . yeiltheir cookience; heist, has hem avenged of its enemies. Thole wile have &did the perfuit of juilice now fly Isom eat woe of concealment to another, and the LtpahFC &thy ifcharges from its bofom, the seament of Not, kms-bonters, who have fo long dilwelied its repels. la the mean time innocence has led main miser ; the fecurity of the cid use has sax been interrupted by the 'matures to pima their oppreihm, and the flintier with which assay perfons wised to terrify is • ads of Meaty, have only been realized again' ahem From the mouth of Flores!, in the year 9, to the se Veademieire, is the yew to, (Sept. si,) feral Modred aid twenty-four fentences have Gan pro. wwwwwd by the Special Tribunals. Of there only semeses have been revcrfeJ by the tribunal of cat Maim. en the of their incompetency. They mineet, be with any reatoe accufed either of eneseilieg dui powers, or of invading the coorfe of arlisary jallice. The Govereesset is the firft days of its inßitu ties proclaimed liberty . ' of confcieoce. This ro les= MI calmed the torit of thole whom enjulli• liable river had temfied. Since that period the swedentson of religious difentions has been an sosecied, and matures have actually been concert sod with the Sovereign Posstiff of the Catholic Church, to reunite in the fame fentimcnts the pro le/besot a common faith. At the fame time a Magi/rate who has been charged with whatever concerns the toms of worship, is occupied about the rights dell ; be has colleted in conference: held with the C.alvitaillic Lutheran Millers that isfeemastio• smeltery for preparing regulations which will fenny to all the liberty which is their right. and the publicity which the inures of fo eial order require to be granted to them. Similar aseateres will provide for the maintenance of every different feel : nothing (hall be left to the difpo fition of their Miniders, and the public. treafury Stall in no cafe be overcharged. If Come citizens have been alarmed by idle rumours, let fuch air mho:axons be difpelled. The Government has done every thing to reftore public confidence,_ but it has done nothing to offend principles, or deffroy the independence of opinion. Continental peace has put an end to whatever anxiety and vain terrors ilill exifted in the minds of Citizens. Already Wired with all the happi nefs they ezpeited, the Citizens will repofe on the bean of the Coullitution, and to it will unreferv. edly attach their deft iny. Enlightened and faith ful Adminiftrators have zealoufly feconded this difpofition of the public mind; almoll every where it appears by their reports that public authority has experienced nothing but the readieft obedience, love and gratitude. Hence there exile in the Go. vernment that fatuity which conftitntes its ftrerigtb. It entertained no more doubt of public opinion than of its own fentiments, and hence it dares to appeal to it without any dread of the re !Ult. Hence a Prince, (prong from the blood of thofe Sovereigns who long reigned over France, patted through our departments, had his refidence in the capital, received from the Government the honours due to his Crown, and from the Citizens all tisofe marks of refpea wjiich one people owes to smother in the peon orhim who , is called to govern them. No fufpicion for a moment inter rupted the tranquillity of the Government, no ru mour ditlurbed the repofe of the people. Every where the countenance of the people difplayed the appearance of a nation blefed with liberty, and rnanifefted thole affections which charafterife a na tion dißinguifhed by their hofpitality. • Even &angers, the enemies of the Country, have fees that attachment to the Republic is deeply im planted in the hearts of Frenchmen, and that there et already poffeffes all the maturity which could re. fuk from the experience of ages. The return of warriors into the territories of the Republic has been followed by fetes and by triumphs. Tbofe warriors, fo formidable in the kid, have mixed with their brothers and their friends, happy in the eziftence of public jufl ice, enjoying without haugh tiuds the gratitude they fo well deferved, and (hewing themfelves by the Mad, difcipline wor thy of the vineries they have obtained. Intliewar which we had Rill to fopport, theevents which hare taken place have exhibited a mixture of good and ill nieces. Reduced to combat the -nevi of England with unequal ftrength, our ma tte difplayed its courage in the Mediterranean, tamed with the eserey's fleet. It has on the ocean recalled fonts traces of its antient glory By a glorious refiflance it aftoniflted the people of England allembkd on their chores to be only the wieners* of the defeat of their countrymen ; and, had not peace been concluded, a hope might have been entertained that it would have been able to avenge its pail misfortunes, and repair thofe faults which had produced them. In Egypt the foldiers of the army of the Eaft have furrendered, but they have furrcndered more to the eireumflances in which they were placed than to the Englifh and Turkifh arms. They would certainly have conquered if they had fought with union. At length they return to their coun try ! They return to it with the glory they have acquired by four years of courage and of labours. In Egypt they have left reeolleaions never to be forgotten. Recolleaions which may one day give birth to the reftwation of arts and focial inkitu tions. • fliflory, at !call, will not fail to record what efforts the French have made to introduce into that country the knowledge and civilization of Europe. It will tell by what efforts they con. quered it, by what itifdom and by what difeipline they fo long preferred it, and, perhaps, it will de plore the lots of it as a new calamity to the human race. Twenty-eight thoufand Frenchmen at firft entered Egypt to conquer it; others have been fent fince that time to reinforce them at different periods, but the whole number of thole who have returned is nearly equal to the number/ of thofe originally employed in the expedition. Twenty three thoufand men return to France, after Egypt has been evacuated, without including the fo reigners who have followed their fortnne. Thus, four campaigns, numerous conflias, and the dif. cafes of the country, have not carried og a fifth part of the army of the Eaft. Since the conclufion of the continental war, the Government has been employed in making every I reform in the Rate of the army which circuni fiances would permit. A confiderable number of men have . got their difcharge, thefe dacharges have beeagtvenwithoutfavour,withoutpreference, and in an order irrevocably fixed. Thole who firtt took up arms in compliance with the laws of re qui fition, LB obtained their difcharge. To fill up the vacancies which there difcharges will occafion, it will be neceffary to call upon the confcripts of the years 9 and so, and in this fel 1-ion the pro ea of a law will be propofed to the Le illative Body to place them at the difpolition of the Government ; but the Government will on ly call upon fuch a number as may be fufficient keep up the army on the peace eftablithment. We (hall enjoy peace, but the war will leave us a burden which for a confiderable time will prefs on our finances. To defray the expences which could neither be forefeen nor calculated, to recum pence the fervices of our defenders, to reanimate the works of our arfenals and our ports, to reflore a marine to France, to create anew all that the' war has deftroyed, and all that time has confum ed ; to !sting, in a word, all our eßablifhments to that point of perfettion which both the grandeur and the fecurity of the Republic require: to an complilh all thefe various objeas, cannot be effea ed without an increafe of our revenues. The re venues will indeed of themfelves increafe with peace, and the Government will manage thefe re venues with the ftriaca ;economy. But if the na tural increafe of the revenues, aided by the Rrifteß (economy, do not prove fufficient for the public wants, the nation itfelf will judge of thefe wants, and the Government will find it to be their duty to propofe the refources which circumftances may render neceffary. _ _ _ In the whole Courfe of the year 9 a few rare com• manications have with difficulty exilled betwixt the mother country and the colonies. Guadaloupe preferves a remnant of culture and profperity, but the fovereignty of the Republic received more than one outrageous violation. In the year 8 one agent had the foie command of that ifland. He was banned by a fa&ion. Three agents fucceed ed him, two of whom deported a third, and re. placed bim by a perfon of their own choice. Ano ther died, and the two furvivors inverted them felves with all the powers which three were def. tined to exercife. Under this mutilated and une qual adminiftration, anarchy and defpotifm uni verfally prevailed. The colonifts accufed them, and imputed to them every error and every crime. The Government endeavoured to orka. nife a new adminiftration. A Captain General, a Prefect, a Commirfary General, fubordinate to each other, but mutually fucceeding each other if Ire u mftances (hould require it, prefent an arrange ment of power which is perhaps, in Come rcfpeds, liable to cenfure, but contains no fources of rival (hip which can arreft its adivity, or paralyfe its exertions. This adminiftration exifts, and we dtall loon be enabled to determine whether it will juilify the hopes which have been conceived of it. Since his arrival, the Captain General has had to combat the fpirit of faction, and he has thought it his duty to fend to France thirteen individuals who bad been alive in promoting the divitions of the colony, and in favouring the deportations. The Government has confidered the prefence of fuch men dangerous in France, and has given or ders that they be font to any of the colonies they may think proper, with the exception of Guada loupe. _ _ At St. Domingo irregular ails have endangered fubordination. Under equivocal appearances the Government has hitherto wifhed to view only an ignorance which confounds names and things, which nfurps when it believes that it only obeys. But a fleet and army which are on the eve of fit ting out from the ports of Europe, will Coon diffi pate every cloud, and St. Domingo will return entire under the laws of the Republic. At St. Domingo and at Guadaloupe there are no'llavas: —every thing is free and every thing will remain free. Wifdom in the progrefs of time will reltore order, and roeflablifb culture and labour in theft fettlements. At Martinique there will be daTerept princi ples.—Martinique has preferred flavery.and &very wal there be retained. It has con humanity too much yet to try in this Nall dikift of the earth a new revolution, Corm preteen under in stain and vigorous adminillration. h will profper kill more under the reign of Peace, and aggrandefed by a new ter ritory which is &vourable to culture, and promifis a •ail increafe of riches. The ifles of France and Reunion have continu ed faithful to the mother country, in the midd of faetkons and under an adminißration feeble, uncer tain, fuch as chance prefented, and which received from the Government no impulfe or fu There Colonies, Co important, are fecured. We t ; now fear only left the mother country, by ;filling liberty to the blacks, fkould endanger the lardy of the white inhabitants. _ The order eftablifhed in the former year, in the receipt of the revenues, and the dißribution of the eapences, left very little room for improvement in this depattment. An &Rive fuperintendance has brought to light pan dilapidations and prefent bufes. The colprits have been denounced is the public opinion7and before the tribunals. The mode of management has.been concentrated, and hence greater energy has been introduced boo ad minißrauon and sore celerity into the means of obtaining the general refults. Meafures have been taken to accelerate Rill farther the payment ?lac public revenues, to feeure greater regularity in meeting the national expenditure, and to lender refponfibility in this department aronee more Am ple and more naive. The prattices of thofe guilty of forgery have arrived at a height which crates alarm in fociety. By means of" faFe titles they have deceived thofe appointed to liquidate the public debt, and have thus embezzled the na tional meal - tire. To prevent, for the futire, (rich *bulks and Such crimes, the Government has de termined that liquidations made in the offices of Minillers (hall be fubjeeted to a new trial, anti hall not be allowed to be a debt of the Republic till they are mire ] in the Council of Adminitration. The Minißer of Finance has now the whole charge of the labours which the receipt of the revenue and the fynern of contributions require. The of fice of another Ninifter is to labour direly in what is conneaed with the depot of the public treafure, and his perfonal refponfibility fecures its inviolability. The Sinking Fund has received a more complete organization. A fingle individual has the management of it, but four Adminiliva tors furvey the whole details, and who are at the fame time the advifers, and, if it be necelfary, the cenfors of the agent whom they are bound to affill. The moll precious property of the Republic, the national forelts have been placed under the gui dance of an adminiftration who, confined wholly to this objeft, will excrcife in it the greaten alto vity, the mod accurate knowledge, and the mod watchful infpeition. Public initruCtion has made confiderable pro. grecs at Paris, and in feveral of the departments. Iu almolt all the others it is languifhing or nearly satinet. If we do not kraut on the path which has been traced, there will loon be only a few nattered lights on detached points, and ignorance and barbanfm cannot fail to Succeed. A fyltern of public inftruftion more concentrated has em ployed the deliberations of the Government. many fchools eltablifhed in one or moreCommnnes, if local circutußances admit of this alfociation, will prefent generally to the children of Citizens that elementary knowledge, without which man is a mere blind agent, dependant on every thing that Surrounds him. The condultors of theft Schools (hall have an allovranco fuenithed by the Communes, and a Separate allowance, compofed of the retribution agreed upon b the relations, who Than be in a Situation to a fford it. Some other ufeful funaions will be aligned to thefe con. duetors if they can be made confident with their primary and neceffary funaion. In the Secondary fchools there (hall be taught the elements of the ancient languages, of geogra. phy, hinory and arithmetic. Mefe Schools flail be formed either by individual exertions recogniz ed by the public adminißration, or by a meeting of the Commutes. They fhall de encouraged by gifts of public edifice s , by gratu i tous p l aces i n i the Superior fchools granted to pupils thcmfelvcs ; and in a word by prizes bellowed on a number determined by the Profelfors, who Shall have furniflied the greaten number of pupils I to the Superior Schools. Thirty pupils, under the appellation of Area !hall be formed, and fupparted at the expence of the Republic, in the principal cities which, by their Situation and the manners of their inhabitants, are mon favourable to the Study of Science and litera ture. There the learned languagei, Geography, ! Hillery, Logic, Natural Plulofophy, Geometry, I Mathematics, etc. will be taught. In form of them the modern Llognages will alk be taught, !the ufe of which is pointed out by their fituataon. j Six thoufand pupils of the country Shall be diftri• buted in thefe thirty eltabfilhments, maintained and educated at the expence of the Republic.— Three thoufand than be the children of Soldiers, or ! of public functionaries who have done fervice to the ! State. Three thoufand others Shall be chofen in the Secondary fchools, according to examinations, formally appointed, and in a number proportioned to the population. The pupils of the united departments Shall be called into the fchools of the interior ; !hall there be habituated to our cußoms and our manners imbibe our maxims, and carry back to their lam lies the love of our inftitutions and our laws. The other pupils admitted mull be maintained and in. ftrueled at the expence of their relations. Six mil. lions (ball be annually allotted for the formation and Support of thefe eftablithments, for the fubfia. ence and inßrnaion of the pupils of the Country, for the falfu-ies of the Profeffors, and for the pay of the Diretion and refponfible agents. The !pedal fchools (hall firm, the laR _Rage of public inftruaion. Several of thefe are already constituted, and will preferve their prefent forms. Others will be eßablithed in the molt convenient nations, and for profeffions for which they are judged molt necenary. Such is a Sketch of the fyfiem which Teems to the Government to unite the greaten advantages, and to ',mini& the greaten chance of faced's, and which in the pre. fens felLon it will propok to the Legillative Body ip the form of the psis, of II Law. ear (aria. e i enda ice will be fufScient for edaoitt:itmlngaabt;fllefln.rndu:::, while a greater number would esca p e its care a; w its ouid obferva not t an ion d . a t n i i l i r t e r a e b n o t v t e h a o l f l e , felfors who give reputation to fchools, nor of 1 ) reams capable of maintaini ng in them a fever difcipline, tar of advifers fufficiently ca g h te , to direa their admiaiftration. Thirty Lyres wifely diftributed over the ter;, tories of the Republic will, by their intluence embrace its whole extent, will univerfally diffuf the fame of their knowledge. and their fucce will aurae the attention of foreigners, and wii be to them what lately Tome famous fchools Germany and England, and what fume celebrate univerfittes were to us, and which viewed at diftance, commanded the admiration atul of Europe. The Civil Codowas IA year ar.nounced ar rh deliberations of the Legiflative Body, but work encreafed under the hands of thofe whoa, : preparing it. The Tribunals were called upon t render it more perfect, and enriched by thor cl fervations, it is fubmiued in the Council of Stat to the fevercß difcutGon. All the parts of it is cumpored will be fa uceflively prefented forth . fanflion of the Legiflative Body ; thus this irrpc,r tent work will be fubjthed to every proof, as will be the refult of every kind of illuminaLion. Workthops multiply in houfes of labour and car reaion, and labour banifhes from them that idle nets which addsllill more to the corr Up:iOn rf corrupted. In many of the departments no b-1., gars are to be found. The hofpitals are gradu.. rifult a from that ftate of diftrefs which conflit... she me of the nation, and the grief of the G. vernment. Already private beneficence encreat their flares, and attefts the return of thole fon meats of benevolence which pernicious lava a protractive mifery fumed to have banifhed fo ever. Its all the principal circle' of cominunica tion, the high roads either are, or will fp ee dil y repaired. The produce of the tar for keeptn 4 them in repair expriences a progrefive encreafe The molt impoktt of all the canals is already dug a the public expence, and a number .. others will foot he formed by the induftry of individuals. literature and the Sciences hay received every poffiblc degree of fupport an. entoura p fzent which circumftances would p et mit. have been formed for the embellifi• Inca of Paris, and already Tome of them are carrying into execution. An indiviival affocia• tinn, formed by teal (till more than by interell, has copftrueled bridges, .which will open corn. munications either extremely ufeful, or altozeth , s neceffary. Another aifociation will furnifh w the City a canal and faluhrious water, which are (till wanting to the capital. The Departments wit not be neglefted. On every fide enquiries are made what works are neceffary to adorn them, or to render them more fruitful. Colleeions of pia. jogs are defined to form mufeums in the principal cities. The view of them will infpire the young Citizens with a tafte for the arts, and will at:e.. the curiofity of travellers. At the moment when general peace is about to reftore to the arts and to commerce all their atli. 'city, the duty moll dear to the Government is to enlighten their path, to encourage their labours, and to remove every obllacle which might retard their career. It will invite, for the accomplifluneat of there great. interens, every divifion of knowledge; it will ckins all the counfels of experience; it will fix upon men for confultation, who by their anull knowledge, by their inflexible probity, by their interetted views, than be worthy of the ;Aix con. fidence and etteem. Happy if the national genius fecourd its ardour and its zeal, and if by it. carts the profperity of the Republic one day equal .t; triumph and its glory. In our external relations, the Government mil not fear to difelofe its principles and its maxim. Fidelity to our allies, refpee for their indeper,l ence, and frankneft and fincerity with our eaemie ; fuch has beer its policy. Batavia complained that its form of Govera• went was not Inked to it. But for feveral year. this Conflitution governed it. The principle of the Government it,that nothing is more fatal to the happinefs of States than the inf . , ability of their Conftitutions, and when the Batavian Dirdlory made an application to it on the expediency of a change. it always appealed to this principle.—At length, however, the Batavian people walled to change their Conftitution, and they have adopted a new form of Government. The Government has acknowledged this Coullitution, and it was its duty to give this acknowledgment, becaufe the Conflitution was framed according to the with of an independent people. Twenty-five thoufand Frenchmen were to retnain in Batavia according to the terms of the treaty of the Hague, till the conclufion of a general peace ; the Batavians fired that thefe forces might be reduced, and i° virtue of a recent convention they have been rs duced to ten thoufand men. Helvetia has prifented, during the year 9, the fpeeacle of a people torn in pieces by fear, and each one of thefe invoking the Power, and fie- times the arms of Prance. Our troops have re ceived orders to re-enter the territories of the Rio public: Atooo men only remain-in Helvetia, egret ably to the with of an the local antlibritics who have begged for their flay. Helvetia has often fubmitted to the Chief Cooful projees of organi ration ; the has often requeled his advice; betas always recalled her to hefindependence: " Re member only, (he has fometimu raid, ) the courage and the virtues of your fatheu ; have an °rpm ration Pimple as their manners. •Think of thole different religions, of thofe .different language!. which have their limits marked out; think 4 thole mountains which feparate you ; think of the owl reconeflions tufted by thee natural boundarirtv and let there remain an impreffion ofall thefe things in your organization : above all, for the example of the nations of Europe,preferve liberty and ere.'" lity to that nation which belt taught them to be hi dependent and free." Thee were only counfeis, and they have been coldly Whined to. Helvetia remains without a pilot in the midi of tempai: The Minter of the Republic has aged Cal as a mediator §carteen the hoftile panics, and the qe. it ti cml :s T 4 foot crc Yea] arrr 611 Na inf