Star. — London, England, 1824-10-25 00:00:00

I Conversations or Lord Byron, noted during a - Residence with his 1 ordship at Pisa, in the Years 1821 and - 1822:' TWIMAS MEDWIN, Esq. of the `24th Light Dia goons, 4to. However different may be the opinions of individuals a: to the character of Lord Byron (for of his talents there is tout one opinion), the v.h.le reading public will seize with aviJity on a work w hich affords us so many opportunities of judging fairly of his Lordship. The destrac.tion of Lord Byron's Memoirs of himself disap pooted the public; some compensation, however, will 1-t• found in the Conversations of his Lordship, as noted down by Captain Medwin, during a long and intimate acquaintance, where he appears to hare unbosomed himself without reserve. From this work, which has just appeared. we shall glean 'a few extracts:— DUELLING. " I have been concerned," said he, " in many duels as second, but only in t%to as principal ; one was with Hobhouse, before I became Litimate with him. The best marksineri at the target ate not the surest in the field. Cecil's and.Stackpoole's affair proved this. They fought after a quarrel of titter years, during t‘hich they were practising daily. S•ackpoole was so good a shot thit be used to cut off the heads of the fowls for din - I . net., as they drank out of the coops about. He had cites:y.l;4N to . kill his antagonist, but he received his death-blow ftom Cecil, who fired rather flog, or rather watthe quickest shot of the two. All he said when D-n it, have I missed him?' Shelley is a much hewn. slot than I am, brit he is thinking of me taphysics rather than of firing." OPINIONS OF CAMPIIIML, COLERIDGE, AND MA DAME DE STAEL. " The conversation turned alter dinner on the lyrical poetry of the day, and a question arose as to which was the most perfect Ode that had been produced. Shelley contended for Coleridge's en itzetland, beginning, 4 Ye clouds,' &c. others named some of Moore's Irish Melodies, and Campbell's HOlienlinden; and, had Lord Byron not been present, his own Invocation to Manfred, or Ode to Noptaron, or on Prometheus, might have been cited. " Like Gray,' said he, Campbell smells too much of the oil ; be is never satisfied with what he does ; his finest things have been spoiled by over polish the sharpness of the outline is worn off. Like paintings, poems may be too highly finished. The great art is eifect,.no matter how produced: " Of Coleridge he had the highest opinion. " Coleridge-is like Sosie in Amphitryon ;he does not know whether he is himself or not. If he had never gone to Germany, nor spoilt his' fine genius by the transcendental philosophy and German rnetaphy siti, not diet* to write lay se:limns, he would have Made the greatest poet of the day. What poets had We hi 1795? Hailey had got a monopoly, such as it Was ; Coleridge might hate been anything ; as it is, he is a thing that dreams are made of. " 4 No woman had se much bonne foi as Madame de Stael her's was a real kindness of heart. She took the greatest ;:ossible interest in my quarrel with Lady Byron, or rather Lady Byron's with me, and had some influence over my wife—as much as any person but her mother, which is not saying much. I believe Madame de Stael did her utmost to bring about a reconciliation between us. She was the best cueature in the world." :. .." 4. ,* . . i Lft 1 - V muili TOO.' ~.,- ' • - - ' ' -- a • HIS DAUGHTER. " What do you think of Ada?' said he, looking ear nestly at his daughter's miniature, that hung by the side of his writing-table. ' They tell me she is like me, but she has her mother's eyes. It is very odd that my mo ther was an only child, and Ada is an only child. It is a singular coincidence—the least that can be said of it. I can't help thinking it was destined to be so, and per haps k is best. 4 was anxious for a son ; for if 1 had one he would be a Peer at once, but after our separa tion was glad to have a daughter, for it would have distressed me too much to have taken him away from Lady Byron, and I could not have trusted her with a son's education. I have no idea of boys being brought up by mothers. I suffered too much from that my- self ; and, then, wande:ing about the world as i do, I could not take ',toper care of a child; otherwise I should not have left Allegra, poor little thing, at Ra venna. She has been a great resource to me, though I ant not so fond of her as of' Ada; and yet I mean to make their fortunes equal—there will be enough for them both. I have desired in my will that Allegra shall not marry an Englishman. The Irish and Scotch make better hus bands than we do. You will think it was an odd fancy —but I was not in the hest of humours with my country men at that moment. You know the reason. lam told that Ada is a little termagant ; I hope not. I shall wane to my sister to know if this is the case. Perhaps I am wrong in letting Lady Byron have entirely her own way in her education. I hear that my name is never mentioned in her presence; that a green curtain is always kept over my portrait, as something forbidden, and that she is •not to know that she has a father till she comes of age. Of course she w ill be taught to hate me—she will be brought up ta it. Lily Byron is con scious of all this, and is afraid that I *ill some day carry off her daughter by stealth or force. I might claim her from the Chancellor, without having recourse .to either one or the other; but I had rather be unhappy myself than make her mother so. Probably I shall never see her again!' Hem he opened his writing-desk and shewed me some hair, which he told me was his child's. During our drive and ride this evening, be declined our usual amusement of pistol-firing without giving a cause. —He hardly spike a wind dining the first half hour, and it was evident that something weighed heavily on his mind. There was a sacredness in his melancholy that I dared not incest upt. At length he said, This is Ada's birth day, and might have been the happiest day of my life. As it He stopped, seemingly a•hamed of having betrayed his feelings. He tried in vain to rally his stinks by turning the conversation, bin he created a laugh in which he could not join, and soon relapsed into his former reverie." The account of the performances of the last offices to Mr. Shelley's remains, and the account of Shelley given by Capt.Medassin, are highly deserving of extract : 1 " 18th August, 1822.—0 n the occasion of Shelley 's . melancholy tate 1 revisited Pisa , and on the da y of my al rival leant that Lord-Byron was gone to the sea-shoie in assist rn peifni ming' the last Otticett to his filend. c iYte to a spot r'a'ked by aft old and withered tr., .k of a fir-tree ; and Tiers it, on 'the'beech, stood a seat a y t.ut, covered with reeds. The situation was ~. .s. • 4lt . well calculated for poet's grave. A feu "ins before I had ridden with him and Lord Byron to this very spot, which I after Wards visited- more than once. In Irma it was a magnificent extent of the blue and windless Mediterranean,' with the Isles of Elba and Gorgona---,' Lord Byron's yacht at anchor in the offing ; on the othe.r side an almost boundless extent of sandy wilderness, uncultivated and uninhabited, here and there • inter spersed in tufts with underwood curved by the sea breeze, arid stunted by the barren and dry nature of the soil in which it grew. At equal distances along. the coast stood high square towels,- for the double purpose of guarding the coast from smuggling, and enforcing the quarantine laws. This view was bounded by an immense extent of the Italian Alps, which are here par ticularly picturesque from their volcanic and manifold appearances, and which being composed of white marble, gave their summits the resemblance of snow. As a foreground to this picture appeared as extra ordinary a group. Lord Byron and Trelawny were seen standing over the burning pile, with some of the soldiers cf the guard ; and Leigh Hunt, whose feelings and nerves could not carry him through the scene of horror, lying back in the carriage,—the four post-horses ready to drop with the intensity of the noon-day sun. The stillness of all around was yet more felt by the shrill scream of a solitary cutlery, which, perhaps, at tracted by the body, wheeled in such narrow circles round the pile that it might have Leen struck with the hand, and was so fearless that it could not be driven away. Looking at the corpse, Lord Byron said, " 1 Why, that old silk handkerchief retains its form better titan that human body I' " Scarcely was the ceremony concluded, when Lord Byron, agitated by the spectacle he had witnessed, tried to dissipate, in some degree, the impressio❑ of it by his favourite recreation. He took off his clothes therefore, and swam off to his yacht, which was riding a few miles distant. Discussing the different actors of the day, he said— " Dowton, who hated Kean, used to say that his Othelo reminded him of Obi, or Three : fingered Jack —not Othello. But, whatever his Othello might have been, Garrick himself never surpassed him in logo." " Kean began by acting Richard the Third when quite a boy, and gave all the promise of what he after wards became. Hi, Sir Giles Overreach was a wonder ful performance. The actresses were afraid of him; and he was afterwards so much exhausted himself, that he fell into fits. This, lam told, was the case with Miss O'Neill." " Kemble did much towards the reform of our stage. Classical costume was almost unknown before he under took to revise the dresses. Garrick used to act Othello in a red coat and epaulettes, and other characters had prescriptive habits equally ridiculous. I can conceive nothing equal to Kemble's Coriolanus ; and he looked the Roman so well, that even' Cato,' cold and :auk as it is, had a run." THE ROYAL FAMILY. Among the many works announced as in the press, we are happy to observe the Annals of the House of Hanover, as collected and arranged by Sir Andrew Halliday, M.D. &c. When the Duke of Clarence resided abroad, after his marriage, his Royal Highness was indefatigable in collecting the scattered fragments of his family history, and in rescuing from oblivion some account of the family monuments that in a few years must have ceased to exist. Through the industry and zeal of a distinguished Clergyman in Hanover (Mr. Gundell), a large mass of most interesting materials were collected, and these being put into the hands of Sir Andrew Hal liday, the Royal Duke's confidential and family Physi cian, they were published about four years ago, accom panied by a well-written historical Memoir of the Family, by the Doctor. Sir Andrew Halliday has long been not less distinguished for his genealogical know• ledge and researches, than for professional talent ; the subject therefore must have been most congenial to his feelings; and the correspondence and intercourse which the arranging and translating of Mr. Gundell's papers led to, has produced so much new information on a subject, we are sorry to say, almost, perfectly new to Englishmen, that we understand he has been induced to publish a volume on the subject, which cannot fail to interest all true lovers of their King and Country., We do not think the last publication on this subject was a profitable concern, either to the author or the publishers. The work was got up in too expensive a manner, and the Records, though most interesting to the Historian and the Antiquary, were little calculated to engage the attention of general readers. The pre sent work, from what we learn, will be much more in. texesting to all classes. With the History of the King's Ancestors, there is combined a general view of the His tory of Europe. The work will be illustrated with Portraits of the most distinguished Princes of the Royal Race, and published at a price suited to the pockets of, all descriptions of his Majesty's subjects. We approve' of the title "Annals of the House of Hanover," as we are certain many persons in Great Britain were not aware of the subject of his la , t work, which was advertised as Ilenioirs of the Ilouse of Guelph. Every one knows what we owe to the House of Brunswick or Hanover, but few were acquainted with its more ancient appella tion of GUELPH. A letter from Frankfort on the Oder says—" A sin gular phenomenon excites much uneasiness in several places in this country ; it is that several small streams and wells dry up, and even the rivers are so low, that the Oder itself has almost ceased to be navigable." Professor CAMP!. of the University of Warsaw, is now travelling in Italy, at the public expense, to col lect everything relative to the history of the people and church of Pi..land. The names of 156 deserters appear in the last Irish Hue (Awl Car. The late Dr. ELLIOT had never been a favourite with GEORGE 111. and when Lord (i. GERMAIN requested his Majesty to c,nfer the title of Baronet on that physician, the King manifested much unwillingness, saying, at length, " But if I do, he shall not be my physician." sc No, Sir," replied his Lordship, "he shall be your Majesty's Baronet, and my physician." This excited ;he Royal smile,•and the title was conferred. ALGERNON SYDNEY.—A man of great courage, great sense, and great parts, which he shewed both at his trial and death; for when he came on the scaffold, instead of a speech, he told them only that he had made his peace with (ion; that he came net thither to talk, but to the ; rut a paper into the Sheriffs hand, and another into friend's said one prayer short as a grace, laid joy% n Nis neck, and bid the executioner do Iris office."— Eve/dst% Monoirs. C .` • WEST INDIA SLAVERY. •• • LH4'Tsl!'• VY Ti) THE EDITorOF THE STARI sow* will suns, me for remarking that the more carefully I examine his critieistne on the Quar.. reply Revieta, the more I am compelled' to consider him as' involved in one of these two alternatives—either that he does not understand his subject, — or that, understanding it, he thinks it expedient to perplex the question. The leading argument in the Review appears to me to be em extremely simple one, —the staple production of the West Indies is sugar. ugar is cultivated there by means of Slave-labonr, end if the state of Slavery were abolished without the. substitution of other certain means of cultivation, the the, of sugar might be exposed to the most ruinans consequences.—lf it could be shewn that the oely : effect of the emancipation of the Slaves would he td furnish the Proprietor with free labourers to be paid by hire, instead of Slaves to be sustained at the master's expense, themselves and their families, in sickness and in health, in infancy and in age,—in such a case, the only demonstration of injury would be on the side of a master objecting to so bene ficial a change. The simple argument, therefore, of the Review is this—and ANGLUS cannot but comprehend it, that it is inevitable that a considerable time must elapse before this substitution of flee labourers for Slaves can be practically effected ; that certain progressive changes, which are described by the Reviewer, may ultimately produce this desirable effect ; and that if the course if these progressive and natural changes be accelerated by.direct legislation,—that is, in other words, if Slavery be abolished before free labourers, willing and able to work, a!e forthcoming at the call of the Proprietor of Sugar Estates,—a claim will exist on the part of the Proprietor, for compensation, in proportion to the rate of loss arising from the _acceleration with which those changes have been brought on. The practical question then turns on the fact, whether such facilities of free labour do at present exist? The Review expresses no scepticism as to the possibility of such a substitution at a future period, but avows its ' entire ignorance of any precedent, sufficiently direct to justify the assertion that it has ever, as yet, been success fully made in the West Indies. ANGLUS says, " If we look round the West Indies, 44 we shall find many thousands of emancipated slaves " and their descendants, toiling industriously, accumu " lating property, acquiring knowledge, fulfilling the " relative duties of life, rising into moral distinction, 44 and striving manfully and perseveringly, hut sub missively, against the civil and political evils which " tend to crush their efforts ;" and then he proceeds with this sentence, " 4 Oh, but,' says the Reviewer, they will ' " not cultivate sugar collectively:" My observation on this is, that the Reviewer says no such thing ; but if lie did, of what practical value would all these high moral qualifications be to the Planter, who, having lost the ser vices of his Slave, is seeking the services of a free labourer? I call upon ANGLUS to inform the Public (for he may be satisfied that these letters will sooner or later he read and compared, and examined,) where exist these " many " thousands of emancipated slaves and their de. l " scendants ?" how many acres of land do they cultivate? how many hours in the day do they work in their fields ? how many days do they labour in the year? what is the result of their productive industry in agricultural la bour, either in wages or in crops having an exchangeable value in Europe, and particularly in sugar ? A clear detailed statement on such points as these is precisely the sort of information which the Reviewer considers as so valuable, and which would, if supplied with accuracy and good faith, give such inestimable advantage to the side of the question for which ANomis is retained, in comparison with that which can be derived from de- Clamation unsupported by detail. AsoLus supposes the case of a sugar estate in Ja maica, cultivated by free negroes in small farms, the canes growing on which are to be manufactured in the Sugar-works retained in the hands of the Proprietor of the estate; and he asks the Reviewer, why should not such a plan succeed ? But he must be aware that the question is not a hypothetical one (whether with relation to that or to any other system) but a practical one ;— h 4. such a plan ever succeeded in Janvaica, or in any other 'West India island it—And is it not desirable to have something more than hypothesis for your basis, when you propose to remove, by the legislation of an hour, a 'system which has existed for centuries ? . But then ANGLUS triumphantly informs the Reviewer, that in the East Indies, sugar has for many years past been produced by hired labour, and that, consequently, his argument as to the present inefficiency of hired la-. bour for the purpose of sugar cultivation in the West Indies, is utterly absurd and irrelevant. Now, I would beg to inquire what possible healing can the made of manufacturing sugar in Java or in the East Indies by hired labour have on the question of slavery in the West Indies, that would not equally apply if sugar were raised in the West Indies by the means of free Blacks? The question, therefore, of East India sugar, is at least a compound one, and ought not to be introduced as a main argument into an inquiry as to the best means of dealing with West India slavery. It is a question which could, as I have already said, be as conveniently entertained if the . West India Slaves were emancipated, or had been so a century age. It is one of pure political economy. If it can be demonstrated that the English consumer can buy his sugar cheaper from the Ea. t than from the West Indian, it may be a reason for abolishing any monopoly which the West Indian may enjoy. provided that no counter-considerations i»terptme to limit the application of a sound general principle. The same observation would 'apply strictly to the Corn question, and may be stated inexactly the same words. If it can be demonstrated (that the English consumer can buy his corn cheaper from the foreign than from the domestic producer, 3t may be a reason for abolishing any monopoly which the domestic producer (that is, the British far mer,) may enjoy, provided that no counter-considera tions interpose to limit the application of a sonud general principle. But ANOLUS is well aware that the counter considerations, in both these instances, are so numerous and important as to require the most minute and extensive separate examination. But what real orpiment is there in the whole doctrine of Anotus on this point ? Has he succeeded in shewing that the Re viewer is absurd in doubting the immediate efficacy of free labonr in the West Indies, because free labour pro duces sugar in the East Indies or in Java ? Is he not ' aware, that to prove his argument, he must shew that the impulses is hell influence productive industry in those respective countries are similar, whether arising from local laws and usages, the institution of Castes, or, above all, from equal density cif population. In Cole 'smoke's " Bergal llusbandry (written in 1794, and n; first printed at Calcatta in 180 2 0, Oge ei r says, " Though we admit the fact that &ac es may be " found in. Bengal among, the labourers in h o ,),.. ndry " yet in most Provinces, none freemen ate ein' ployed in the business df agriculture, price t" their daily labour, when paid: in money, " b justly estimated at little more, than. one . 1 114 Sieea e " but less than twopence . sterling; awl he thin k, that the wages, when - paid tit, giatti, do. mat, oa th e average, exceed one penny halfpenny, the allowance to a " strong labourer" being not moressehan one aria. I s ANcLus••prepated to shew that. this estimate is no longer applicable ? or is, he prepared to contend, t h at if the Negro Slaves in the West Indies, were.erna nt i. pated, and the Indian mode of toltivating sugar.intru duccd, the free Negro could be induced to labour with a fah rate of exertion, for the v..-iige; of twopence, or penny halfpenny sterling per dal.? • In the and Colonial Weekly Ites,ister" of I?th June, 1824. (I paper devoted to the objects of the Abolitionist.) I find under the head of Haiti, " The mean pike of " daily labour, men, women, and c,'lildren is estimateti " at the lowest, by the si iter in the Propfrpre•tr, a t "one franc fifty cents, or one :trilling and three p en% " per head." In the eighteenth Session of the Ainelic-ni Convention for promoting the Abolition of Siavery, October, 1823, it was reported, that" The w ages of la. .g bout in the Haitian sea-ports is one dollar per day: Thus it appears that the wages of labour in Ilwti is in the proportion of at least seven to one higher than in the Ea t Indies; and what analogy can be allowable under such different circumstances, the result of suet totally different states of being ? or what can be a stronger proof', with respect to the comparative question of free and Slave labour in the West Indies at this mo ment, than the Proclamation of the President of Haiti (alluded to by the Reviewer) against the smug of sugar into Haiti—that is, against the introduction of sugar made by Slaves into a counti y where sugar is raised by freemen ? ANGLUS objects to a presumed opinion of the Re viewer, that the cultivation of the sugar-cane must of necessity be collectively performed, in order to be suc cessful. Supposing that opinion to be incorrect, how does its inaccuracy bear upon the question of free la bour? If the cultivation of sugar could be pet for med individually by free labourers, so as to produce a remu nerating profit to the Proprietor, the mere mechanism of the process would be a matter rf the s iight e ., t pos sible importance. The Reviewer has stred that he is not aware of the successful cultivation of sugar havitir; been carried on in the West Indies by the means free labourers. Can ANGLUS icier (with sufficient de tail to enable the public to judge) to any case which will shew that the opinion of the Reviewer on that point is incorrect?-1 remain, &c. &c. VIS DEN. John Harris, the smuggler, shot last Thutsday, ex pired the next morning. Mr. Loisocricier, the Co roner, summoned a Jury to investigate the matter, in which they wete engaged seven hours, and :cultic,' a verdict—" That John Harris died in consequence cl a gun-shot wound, which he received in the head, on Ole morning of the 21st inst. he being in company wth divers other persons, to us unknown, engai;ea re moving contraband goods on Southsea- beach ; but by whom, or under what other circumstances the sa d wound was inflicted, no evidence thereof doth appear to us jurors." The corner stone of a new Church was lately laid at Montreal, under salutes of at tillery. This church will be the most splendid edifice for public worship in tilt! New World. The style is Gothic. The length of the church 255 feet, breadth 134. It is to have six towers 200 feet in height ; twelve entrances, seven altars, a chime of bells, a grand terrace, and promenade. The eastern window will be 32 feet by 63, the side windows 10 by 36. The church will contain 10,000 persons, who can disperse in five minutes.—American Paler. BIRTH. Monday, the Lady of the Rev. Edward Manful', of !BUT, of a daughter. MARRIED. On Thursday the 21st of October, at St. James's Chard, Cler.. keawell, Robert Fisher, /16q. of the Caxton Press, to Miss Mary Ann, the eldest daughter of John Underwood, Req. London. Saturday morning, at St. George's, Hanover-square, 'Captain Webster, to Miss lioddington, only daughter of Samuel Budding ton, Esq. Saturday se night, at St. Stephen's, Ipswich, the Rev. Thomas Methuld, to Susannah Mary. only daughter of the late R. Forster. Esq. of Eaton, near Norwich. The 14th instant, at Watts, io the North Riding of Yorkshire, Charles Loder Stephens, Esq. late Gentleman Commoner of Sr. Mary Hall, Oxford, to Mary, eldest daughter of the Rev. 11. New ton, Rector of Wath. Tuesdey se'mught, the Rev. J. Gedge, M.A. Vicar of Humber stop, and Domestic Chaplain to the Earl Stanhope, to llarriot, fourth daughter of the late Rev. William Thorold, of Weelsby House, Lincolnshire. Friday, at Colchester, the Rev. Thomas Parry, late Tutor and Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, to Louisa. fifth daughter of the Rev. Henry Hutton, Rector of Beaumont, Essex. Thursday, at Ayston, Rutland, Sir Philip Musgrave, Bart. to Elizabeth, third daughter of Mr. and Lady Mary Fludyer, of Ayston. Friday, at the New Church, St. Pancras. the Rev. Charles Day, LL.B of Folkingham, Lincolnshire, to Sarah, relict of the Rue. E. Smith, of the same place. DIED. The Bth inst. aged 24, Mrs. Clamp, wife of Mr. Joba Clamp farmer, of Kenninghall, in Suffolk. Friday last, in the 88th year of his age, Mr. Robert Priest, of St. Giles's-street, Norwich, who for many years discharged most satin• factorily the dudes of Treasurer to the Charity Schools in that city. At Calcutta, on the Bth April last, of inflamasatioq of the liyvr. John James Pemberton, gs q . eldest son of the late Dr. Poibertm., and formerly of Trinity College, Cambridge, B. A. 1318. Friday, the Rev. Stephen Merril, jun. son of the Rev. S. Mon:11, of Little Baddow. Lately, at Madeira, Miss Amelia Dumaresq, doable; Of ElAct , !e• Colonel Dumaresq. Monday, in the 36th year of her age, Mrs. Dvwkirq, wife of the Rev. C. Dewhirst, of Bury. Wednesday, in the 79th year of his age, Sr, Nathaniel Dukin- Bart. of Statilake, Berks. October 13, on the Brook, Chatham, Mr. Collett, superanueated gunner of his Majesty's Navy, aged 75 years: he was one of the few survivors who accompanied Captain Cook in his last voyage. Wednesday, at the Priory, near St. Neots, aged tits, OwskV Rowley, Rs+ Deputy Lleutenaut ao4 Rec:iver-Gisiend of tliv county of Huntingdon. ass avit. Dublin ft - Waterlord 3 0 Guernsey acul Jersey 0 0 WO= 1 0 Holland 1 0 Jamaica 0 0 'WS DAY. Atm. 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