Star. — London, England, 1828-02-25 00:00:00

. - - 4 ~., _ i t , . -I •t.."'' . :-.: - • tr . -# 4 / ... . . _ . . . . . . .. N . :::: • . • .:7 ‘ . 1 , " .: i:. . I•''3i'..-I'\ 7 4 :' : • 4 5 7? _. t .1r 4 4 . ==.... . ---. 4;1 ". k...". 1 ..4.... . . : .; : i . 7r . ; ...%,. i ,f ' MAW_ i 4 .. / CO •. . . ;s * - ,iff'll‘./....-1 NUMBER 12,795.] FAMILIES about to FURNISH, will find, on, inspecting the Ware-rooms of HENRY L. COOPER, 95, 23ISHM9GATE smote Walnuts, the following Articles, at Prices decidedly reasonable, for Furniture of superior Style and Ma nufacturer UPHOLSTERY—Comprising the improied Elastic Steel Stuffing for Carriage Cushions Chairs, Sofas, Mattresses, &c. in addition to a handsome assortment of Bedstead Furnkures. Window Cornices, Curtains, &c. CABINET WORK—Of the first quality and Materials—Also Solid Furniture for Foreign Climates. SHIPPING—Cabins fitted up with Elegance and Dispatch, and Passengers Requisites provided. HAIRS —Appropriate :for Dining, Drawing Rooms, Bed CA RPETS--Super Brussels Carpets, 43.6 d. per yard (no inferior •• • ••• quality • kept), Kidderminster and Venetian equally . moderate. • LOOKING-GLASSES—From the most magnificent to the smallest, for Chinuties, Piers, eikl Toilettes; on the _ _ larger sizes, the Reduction will be found to amount from Fifty to Seventy-five per Cent. CARVING and GILDING—Some very beautiful specimens for • Consist Tables, Glasses, &c. TAPWHAN 0 ING and PAINTING—In the Richest as well as the Plainest Style. FUNERALS—Attended in the most respectful manner, and par tiatrar. regard paid to Economy. HOUSE AGENCY—Houses and Estates registered for Letting or 'Disposal, without Charge. • SALES, APPRAISEMENTS, AND COLLECTTON OF RENTS, FURNITURE WAREHOUSED. 11. L. COOPER, 93, Bisuorsoarz-szazzzWrrunt, has the honour of being employed and patronized by some of the first Families in the Kingdom; and, for style and price, challenges competition with any respectable Esta blishment. thtPOSTURE UNMASKED. THE Progress - of Merit, although frequently assailed; is not impeded by Envy and Detraction. The aggression or ambuscade terminates in defeat rand conscious rectitude ultimately triumphs itl the attainment of the grand object—public approba tion. The test of experience is the guarantee of favour, and has established WARREN'S BLACKING in general estimation • of which there exists not a stronger proof than the tacit acknowledg ment of a host of servile imitators, who surreptiously obtrude on the unwary a spurious preparation as the genuine article, to the great disappointment of the unguarded Purchaser, and manifest injury of WARREN, whose character sad interest by this ini quitous system are eqUally subject to detriment. It becomes, there tote; an indispensable duty to CAUTION THE PUBLIC agai a t the mar.auvres of Unprincipled Venders, who having no chat ter ,to lose, and stimulated by avarice in their nefarious rirs its, aim at the acquisition of money through any medium than that of honour! The original and matchless BLACKING bears on each bottle a short direction, with the signature , ffaiz)z,en All others are Counterfeits; and in many Instances the imposition labels are artfully interlined with a different address, in very small characters, between the more conspicuous ones of " Ne. 30," and " STRA.N D." It is earnestly recommended to Shopkeepers and others who are deceived by base fabrications of WA !MEWS BLACKING,• to retard the detected trash to the source whence It came, and expose the. machinations of rascality to merited obloquy. WA RRRN'S BLACKING is surpassingly brilliant; it ex cludes damp ; gives pliancy to the leather; retains its pristine virtue in all climates; and, combining elegance with comfort, is an article equally of indispensable fashion and utility. Sold by every respectable Vender in Town and Country, in bottles, at 6d. 10d. I2d. and lid. each. • • - PARLIAMENTARY PAPER. .• . 4tOTT Of Tbt LAST ttlttt Of Tlit 11AT2ONAL TACOLWZ ISTAI TO TIM SICERIMAILT OF STAIR 1011 THZ HOMO IMPARTMENT. (Presented pursuant to an Address of the House of Commons, bearing date the 13th February, 1820. I lth February, lege, Percy-street. To the Right Honourable Rosser Ps.m.. Secretary of State for the Home Department. Ste—We have the honour to inform you, that the result of the last year's experience is highly favourable to vaccination, and that we hear most satisfactorily, pot only of its protective influence. but of its wider diffusion. It is true, that cases are reported to us very often of the occur rencrof small pox after vaccination ; but we have reason to believe that the number of those who fall into this safe, though sometimes severe disease, after vaccination, is not greater than that of those who formerly died by inoculation, while that practice prevailed. . With regard to the diffusion of this protection, whether we judge by the ea tent of the demand which has been mole upon the Board for authentic lymph in the course of the last year, or collect from accounts received of the practice of vaccination in new countries, we are satisfied that the prejudices against it are less pertinacious than they were; and where it intim resorted to with that alacrity and thankfulness which such a blessing might justly demand, the failure is rather to be attributed to a propensity in human nature to disregard danger at a distance, and to wait till the evil be at the • door, before measures are taken to prevent it, than to a distrust of its saving influence. > . In proof of its wider diffusion, we learn that it it now practised, not only throughout the Morea and the countries inhabited by the Greeks, but that it has been admitted into Constantinople, and into the Palace of the Sultan, in spite of the prejudices which the religion of the 31akometans opposes to any measure intended to interfere with the destinies of life. Su that the advantages which this country derived from the east in the last century, by the acquisition of inoculation from thence, it has now abundantly requited. by im parting to the same region the safer practice of vaccination, by which the smallpox, equal to their men plague in the severity of its visi tations, has been already disarmed of its terrors, and in the course of years may, possibly, be exthignished altogether.—We have, &c. (Signed) HENRY HALFORD, President of the Itoyal„College of Physicians. THOMAS TURN&R. Lgensors of the Royal JAMES TATTERSALL, 5 College of Physicians. ASTLEY PASTON COOPER, - )('resident of the Royal College of Surgeons. ANTHONY. CARLISLE, • Vice-President of the Royal College of Surgeons. CLEMENT HUE, M.D. Registrar. GI REECE. Mr. Blaquiere has received the following communi cation from General Sir Richard Church e . 31z7aLa, Die. 27. " Since I last wrote from Dragewaestre, we have got on very well, sod have jnst taken two other plases. Metric and Candile, opposite to Calamos and Santa Maura. about 20 miles north of Dragomestre. We are establishing ourselves fast in Western Greece, and th e armed population join us rapidly. The Turks are also gat heringi in force, and threaten an attack; but should my neighbour feli Bey attempt the camp at Dragomestre, where 1 am about to return to concert ulterior measures on the side of Alison 10'100, he will not perhaps be much pleased with his reception. " My troops - are in high spirits. although we 'want every thing, as usual, In the way of such trifles as clothing, ice. ; but the men are thoroughly mine, and determined to fight. My present position will be entrenched in a few days. If, when my arrangements are made, the enemy does not attack. I have determined to attack him in the vicinity of Votlitza; an advantageous position between Mis solonghi and the Gulf of Arta, of• which territory we already pos. seas above three.fourths. Bring still without supplies of any kind, it is miraculous how we go on so well." EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM THE METROPOLITAN -- IGNATIUS, DATED PISA, JAN. 25. " I hasten to inform you that we have this instantreived letters from Corfu, dated on the 12th instant, announcin , on the authoti:y of communications from the General-ia-Chief, of the 2d, the capture of Vasuladi, and the entrance of some Greek gun-boats into 'the lagunes before blissolonghi. His Excellency added, that the corps under General Colophonia had just gained considerable advantages over the Tarks encamped outside the walli of that fortress." MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 25, 1828. GERMAN PAPERS. SMYRNA, JAI. 3. The recent Numbers of the Oriental Spectator, of the 22d and 29th of December, contained articles so offen sive to France and its Ministry, in respect to the Treaty of 26th July last year, that Admiral de Rigny, who was in the roads, WAS induced to demand that the Eli. tor should be given up. He was, ip fact, taken from his residence as a French subject, and conveyed, with his press, on board their vessel; which immediately sailed for Toulon, where he is to be called to account. . Tbie event has caused a great sensation here. It is a striking instance of Turkish patience or ignorance, that, at , w time when Count Guilleminot had just given notice! from Vourla, that a breach with the Porte was probable,: Admiral de Rigny could take away, as a prisoner, from' the midst of a numerous Turkish population, under the. eyes of the Paths, the Editor of'a journal who had taken the part of the Porte.' The arrest and embarkment on board the Pomone,, with his press, of M. Blacode,'the• responsible .Editor ' of the 'Oriental Spectator, and at the same time a re spectable merchant, who on 'account taf' his functions as President of the Merchants' Committee, wal esteemed by the local authorities, has made the greatest sensation, because the Franks in general participate in his opinions, and consider him as a martyr to the:truth. FRANKFORT, Jafr. x 6. Several commercial houses of Frankfort have feceived a printed circular from Odessa, dated the 25ih January,: which contains the following passage:— The letters from Constantinople, which we received on the 2bd by the Austrian brig the Nymph, . Capeltin' Dobinovitch, which left Constantittope on the ISthond has brought hither several persons belongnuto the Russian Legation, give us the agreeable news that the Austrian Internuncio has succeeded in^ ettirik theitai of two pares per kilo upon wheat taken off, which, since the battle of Navarin, had been imposed upon all ' ,neutral vessels ; and that these vessels now obtain firmans without difficulty, to continue their voyage. But all the French, English, and Russian Captains, have been obliged to land their cargoes, and after an acknowledgment had been given them, were suffered to depart for the Mediterranean without being paid. to ring bells within them—in a word, to annihilate Islamism with.ease and promptitude, neither reason, nor law, nor policy, nor religion, could admit of such pal .posals being accepted. The Sublime Porte gave re peatedly, both by writing and by word of mouth, the necessary answers, with all official formality, and ac cording to the tenonr of treaties. Although the object of the Franks had been obvious from the beginning, and although every thing announced that at last the sword alone must answer their proposals, nevertheless, not to trouble the repose of Mussulmen. and on the other band to gain the necessary time for warlike preparations, the Sublime Porte endeavoured to temporise (scroraca de tempoiiier) as much as possible, by satisfactory an swers and official conferences on the subject of the dis- , honour and of the injury which the proposals of the threePolets would cause to the Empire and to the nation. It is here proper to observe, that although the de. mands made at Akermann by the Russians on the sub ject of indemnities, and especially in respect to the Ser. vians, were not in any .respect proper to be granted, nevertheless, circumstances being pressing, we complied with them, whether we would or not, as matter of I necessity, in order that we might seize an opportunity of making a peace fivourable to the Mahometan nation. Up to this time, most of the articles had been executed, the conferences respecting the persons to be indemnified, and respecting Servia, had also been entered upon, and although these two affairs alto were not of a character to be arranged With a good grace, they were, neverthe. less, taken into consideration as acts of violence. Russia,' however, did not stop there. The military reforms adopted by the Sublime Porte offended her ; she was aware that some day that surrender might hurl back upon her the evils which she had prepared against Islamism. From that moment she retolved to leave ao moment of relaxation to Musselmen. Russia, England, and France, among themselves, agreed to establish for cibly the liberty which we have mentioned above.— Abont a year ago, the three Powers simultaneously de manded the liberty of Greece, by the means of their , Ambassadors, officially and'opeoly, as quite a simple concession. The Sublime Porte could net subscribe to this, neither according to law, nor according to reason, nor according to policy, nor according to religion.— The Mussulman nation was indignant at it, and it is quite impossible (de Mute impossibilite) that it should ever be consented to. The Ottoman Government en deavoured to prevail on them to renounce their preju. dices, by every sort of arguments and answers, but its language produced no effect. Proud of their power, they obstinately and rigorously persisted to press their demands; and they finished by sending fleets into the Mediterranean—they openly hindered the Egyptian and Ottoman squadrons, destined f 4. that purpose, how attacking the islands. These two squadrons having entered the port of Navarin, were there tranquilly wait iing the orders of the Sublime Poole, when the Russian, iEnglish, and French fleets suddenly entered the same ;harbour, and all three began to fire at once, and every one knows the catastrophe which resulted to the Imperial squadron. The three Powers baring openly violated subsisting Treaties, and declared war, the Sublime Porte had a just right . to retaliate, and to act otherwise than it has (done towards the Ambassadors, the subjects, and the vessels, which were in this place. But the Ministers of those three Powers having endeavoured to justify them by declaring that it was t i he,Commanders of the Impe rial (Turkish) tleetlin Rad been the cause of the battle, the SubliMe Poitei ihkirditiiig the circumstances, re mained still silent, and, by a last effort of policy, invited the three Arnbassadori.tOlthandon altogether the affairs of Greece. Deaf to the ioiee'of justice, these infidels did not cease to require that their demand tespecting the independence of Greece be admitted soch as it had been made. It may even be said that their solicitations became more pressing. In a word,.the hostile intentions of the Franks against Islamism incame evident. Never theless, for the purpose of gaining time, at least till Ammer, eves) , possible show of moderation was used in the conferences and conversations which took place some weeks ago.' It• was repeatedly declared to the Ambassadors that as soon as the Greeks would sue for pardon, their faults would be wholly forgotten; that their goods, their persons, their estates, would be re stored; they would enjoy perfect tranquillity; that they should be relieved from the payment of the capi tation and other tributes which they owe since the be ginning of the insurrection; that besides, in aarder to gratify tht three Powers, they would bp, roemptiol•all tribute for the space of one year; atiA;lo4 alte.pri 'yang& which the condition of Rayas allopted wßtkid be , grant*d them, but nothing beyond thi/ With. In the course of the conferences, the Suhliiie Porte .ilarnestly requested the Ambassador to transmit to tlheir respective Courts those friendly deClarations and iiscore explanations, promising that the armistice which they hed demanded Would be observed until the answer should be received. This invitation only served to in crease their pride and their pretensions. Finally, they declared that they would consent to nothing so long as the privileges which they claimed should not be granted to the Greeks : inhabiting ancient Greece, that is to say, the Mores, Attica, and the isles of the Archipelago, and they announced that they would depart all three together. Thus have affairs come to this point. If at present (Goa preserve us from it !) after having witnessed such conduct, and been asked such conditions, we were to give way, and to concede the independence of the Greeks, the contagion would soon extend to all the Greeks settled in Rumelia and Anatolica, without the possibility of arresting the evil. They would all pretend to the same independence—they would renounce their duties as Rayas, and, triumphing in a year or two over the generous Mussulman nation, they would finish one day, by sudderily imposing laws upon us (GOo preserve us from it!) and the tam of one religion and our empire *would be the inevitable result. Whilst, thank* to GOD ! the numerous provinces of Europe and Asia are filled with an immense Mussulman population, does the sacred Book and does our law permit us, through fear of war,' to let our religion be trodden under foot, and to deliver ourselves to infidels from band to hand, our country, our wises, our children, our goods, and our property ?.„ Though...in the origin, the whole world was in the power of the infidels, neverthe less, at the birth of the true religion, Gaira,iidinirtbe faithful, our Mussultuen blathers, vilmiluiva app. a;Cd and disappeared since the [Piticz SEVEWRNCE. happy time of our Greek Prophet, up to this .day, through the eff-ct of their sincere devoiiiti, and ninon _ ouerible courage, thought nothing of the number of. the infidels. United in heart for the defence of religion, how many thousand times have they not put thousands of infidels to the sword? How many prniinces and states have'they not thus conquered sword in hand ? As often as we shall be united like them, "and that we shall affront battles for the gl iry of GOD; the MOST MOH will enlighten us with his inspirations, and our holy Legislator will cover us with his tutelary aegis; his absent companions will become our guides ; and who can doubt that, under their auspices, we should not gain the most brilliant vicmries? If the three Powers, when they see us determined, as in the past, to reject their vain demands, accept our an swers and oar explanations, and desist from the Greek affair, it will be well. If, on the contrary, they should persist to force us to accept their demands, even though, according to the tradition, which says, that ail the in fidels compose but one nation, they should all league themselves against us, we would recommend ourselses to Gon—ste would p'ace ourcdves•under the protection' of our Holy Prophet; and, ndited for the defence,of Re ligion and the Empire, all the Vaiert, all the Ulemgs,• all the Inclgals, and perhaps even all Mussultnen, !Ivo* form but one single corps. This war is not, like all former oars, a political con flict to acquire provinces or to settle frontiers. The object of the Infidels is to annihilate Islamism, and to tread under fudt the Mussulman nation. It must, therefore, be .considered . purely as a religious and national war. Let all the faithful, rich or poor, great .or small, know that to fight is the duty of us All. Let them not dream 'of i monthly pay, or of any pay whatever; far from it, let us sacrifice our property and onr persons—let us fulfil with zeal all the duties which the honour of Islamism imposes upon us—let us unite our efforts, and labour with heart and soul for the maintainAnce of religion until the day of judgment. Mussulmen have no other means of obtaining salvation either in this world or the nest. We hope that the Most HIGH will vouchsafe to confound and disperse in every quarter the infidel,, lots to our religion and our empire, add that in all times, in all places, and in ail cases, hat will grant victory to the Faithful. Our -true position being thus known, of all Mussulmen, there is no doubt that if they have the least faith and piety, they will also know their duty—they will unite heart and soul to maintain our religion and our empire, as well as to en sure their ownualvation in this world and the beat, and that if the occasion requires it, they will discharge with. zeal and ♦alour the varied functions of the war,. and fulfil exactly the duties imposed upon us by our Jaoly law. Help comes from GOD ! FROM THE MONITEUR OW FIL/S. 22. PARIS. Fes. it. We yesterday published, without adding any -reflec tions, the Manifesto of the Ottoman Porte; we have to. day to confirm a notorious fact—namely, the surprise with which this unexpected document fills every claps of readers. We may judge of th.r astonishment with' which it must have filled the diplomatic body at Peri, and particularly the Ministers of Austria and Prussia, , whose most persevering efforts and the most, .earnest exhortations were contending the day before with the.. fatal obstinacy of the Porte.' The Internuncio, continued at that time his endeavours to ii,fluentrit, was evidently influenced like every body else, 'by the feigned assurances which it now boasts of having la vished by design. We have already had occasion to observe that the concurrence of the two Posters, stran gers to the treaty, without being divided as to its prin.. cipal object, had caused a happy result to be hoped for, and it is difficult to conceive that the Porte shi.uld have soddenly declined this frank intervention, in itself so salutary. FROM THE GAZETTE DE PRANCE? FEB. 23. JASSY, J.N. 28. A Proclamation teceive4 from Constantinople, which orders all subjects to take arms, has thrown toe rities of this country into evident embarrasiment. The . Hospodar and the Divan appear to repent of having shown themselves too well disposed towards Russia; and to intend to neglect nothing to iegain the confi dence of the Porte. We are without .news from the frontiers of Russia.—Augsburg a.zetie. PARIS, FR5.25. • Public attention has been greatly excited by the new face which the affairs of the East appear to assume since the letters how .Constantinople of. the bath of Ja-: nuary. It had been hoped, from the united efforts of. the Austrian Internuncio and the Prussian Minister, that the three Powers, parties to the Treaty of London,' would not be led to any offensive measures against Ole Ottoman Porte. L • The Manifesto which has appeared' at Ccinvantittoplif ; May mite fears lest these hopes should vanish. Holi‘ ever, fresh efforts of the Austrian Cabinet, the blockade ; . of the Dardanelles by the three Eurnpean AqUadeqie,. .which will probably be the.coesequence of thespublita- t lion of the Sultan's manifesto, may lead the Divan to he sensible of the insufficiency of its efforts against tFe five great Powers of Europe, Austria and Prds'iii.cor dially joining the three Powers who signed the tread.. • . • At all events, whatever resolution theOttriman Pate may take, Europe will, nevertheless, have derived the wisdom of the Cabinets, the .advaltagi of . having.,. preserved op to this day a state of peace, which,ibtit•for their solicitude, would have been interrupted' six years ago ; for it will be remembered, that at that time the • Constitutionxel already published a manifesto of Russia, • to announce the, passage of the Pruth. Another, sal, more valuable result of the union of the Cabinets is, toe , 'certainty that no Power will act separately , whatever. may be the events that are preparing, and that the general interests of Europe alone will prevail in their future resolutions. A • s peaking to day of this important-affair, would jotlra hav a e l France depart from all ideas of the balance of Europe, which it ca It routines of of which have been worn out for this century, and are incompatible with the general.renewal of the political system. We here recognize ,Are habitual vrantonners of, the Joursial des 'Mats, which, does not know. Oat the,bwinemi. of. . the Cabinets hzs .been at all,times condected by, most enlightened and able' men, and which would . raise' this im?iortant question without suspectinglia' .weight.—The Prince de Polignac sets out "for Loudon on Suitclay. f .. . . . There is up yuck in the report on 'Chaoge yestes . day, that tbeßussian Legation has received th e manifesto of. the,Cabinet of St. Petersbargb, in ans we r ' to that 'b the'Porte. ' ;° kW* Ii . THE TURKISH MANIFESTO. FROM THZ MONITEUR, PER; tr. CONSTANTINOPLE, JAN. IL MANIFESTO OF THE OTTOMAN PORTZ. Even the least informed are aware, that all Mutlel men naturally bate the Infidels, and that the Infidels on their side are the enemies of Musselinen ; that Rus sia above all has a particular hatred 'of Islamism, and that she is thechief enemc of the Sublime Porte. - For fifty or sixty years anxious (Mouse) to put . into execra tion her guilty projects against the Attussulman nation and the Ottoman empire, she has constantli.prOfitted. • •.. • by the slightest pretext to declare .. War ; the dis Orders committed by the Janissaries, whoi theisk:Utio, ire annihilated, favoured her progress 4 1 .4004 degrees invaded our provinces ; her sirthigareeettlidlef . preten . - sinus have been ever augmenting: and she has at last imagined that she has discosrered • an• easy methcd executing her ancient plan against thC Sublime Porte by exciting an insurrection-among her co-religionists, the Greeks. The latter k united in the name of religion, made a simultaneous reiolt r ,-they did•all the evil they possibly could to the Musthlmen, and, in concert with, 'the Russians, Who, on their 'part, attacked the Ottoman Empire, conspired the extermination of all the faithful, and the ruin Of the • Sublime Porte—which may GOD avert! Thanks to Divine assistance, and to the' protection of our Holy' Prophet, this perfidious._ plot was discovered a short time before it was to be put in execution. The measures which were taken in the capital, withou t loss of time, checked at their commencement .the guilty projects which seemed so easy of accomplishment; the sword inflicted justice on a good numbet.of the rebels of the Morea, of Negropnnt, of Acarriania, of Misso. longhi, of Athens, and tAher places on theZontinerit.— The rebels of the More., and of the isles Foyer, dared at the very beginnipg of tlise tionbles to engage with. the Mussulmen; they killed-a great number of them: they reduced their wives acid their children •to bondage, and, under the name of the " Government of Greece,' , they committed Unheard of excesses. For many years considerable forces, both military and naval, twefe sent: against them but our land troops, discouraged -by want of pay; did not display the 'requisite atdoittiyor fleet also did not succeed, on account of theassiest air! organization of the arsenal. The uszscer;being 'Ode out, other Europeans, as well as the Rus.sians, animated by ambition, furnished secretly every kiitinikeisistance to the rebels, either by promises Or by deeds, and thus became the chief cause of the prolongationasf our trou bles. At last, led away by the subtlety and initnna. tions of Russia, England and France united themselves to her, and, under the pretext' that their:commerce suf fered by the long continuance of those troubles, they prevailed on the Greeks, by every kind of artifice, en tirely to renounce their duties as (rayahs) tributaries. It was at different times proposed:, to the Sublime Porte no longer to interfere with the affairs of the Greeks, but to give them a form of independent Governiisent, to seperate them altogether from the Mussulmen, to establish among them a Chief as in Wallachia andiMel davia, and to grant them their liberty, on condition of an annual tribute. Such, nearly, 'were the vain pro posals that were made. As it is evident that this pre tence of liberty tended to nothing else, which, may Heaven forbid, than to make fall into the bands of the infidels the whole of those countries in Europe and Asia where the Greeks are mixed with the Mussulmea—to place by degrees the Rayahs in the plAte of the Otto mans, and the Ottomans in the place of the Royal's— to convert, perhaps, our Mosques into' Chutches, quid , • It . . , f f ^ , I ; t.. . ,;.. ~: 1 1 . s il 1 .. • 1 1 1 1: . ; .. 1 2 ,t . .I `;.l t . ' j ! I ~ ,1. . I . . , . I. li ' fl , i i • ~. 4 h fi .~ V ;n ' }' ~~ tf~