Star. — London, England, 1828-09-23 00:00:00

Danube, Russia will be wise enough to retui n thither. On that line the Turkish frontier is studded with for tresses. It seems that the Russians at first, in order not to waste time. th ught of masking these places by de tachments; the force of the Turkish garrisons did not permit them to follow this plan ; the vigorous sorties made by the garrisons of Varna, Silistria, Giurgevo, and the success of the Pacha of Vs'iddin, have shown the• disadvantages and dangers which might ensue. The campaign began late; the earth, soaked with rain, rendered marching difficult—the carriage of the provision and ammunition was slow. To get over the difficulties, they must first reach the plains of Romelia, and it was necessary to get there. Meal mixed with water and boiled is the food of the patient and sober Russian soldier. A bag holds fifteen days meal, but when the army separates from its magazines this re source is soon exhausted. The Tut ks have shown them selves in this campaign what they have been since the weakness and the incapacity of the Sultans have re duced them to a defensive war, very formidable behind a wall or any species of rampart, however defective. Other interests, not less pressing than those of the Turkish war, admonish Russia to withdraw her forces to a line not so distant from her southern dominions. In Austria, a military movement is general,without hav ing contracted openly an alliance with Turkey, has an old connexion with it, and may enter into new views not favourable fot Russia. The Poles consider every thing as transitory which has not for its basis their in dependence. This thought is the last hope of those who are subjected to a foreign yoke, and for 360 years such a thought united the Greeks of'the islands to those of the Continent. Three centuries and a half of severe slavery have not broken this indestructible bond. At the sight of the Austrian guns drawn up in the public squares, at the watch-word of the barbarous sentinels , placed '2O pace: from each other in the streets of Milan and Venice, the Venetians and Lombards bow their heads and pass on; but at the bottom of every Italian heart these words of one of their poets remain and ferment, Id Schiavi slam si, ma schiavi ognor frementi." (Yes, we are slaves, but slaves always chafing). The slavery of the Poles is not more recent than that of the Italians, and the love of independence is perhaps more lively on the banks of the Vistula than on those of the Adige..... When Europe fights for the restoration of Greece, what Samaritan does not, from generous feelings, wish for the restoration c f the country of Lesko Boleslans, Casimir, and Sobeiski. Princess Eliza Radzevill, who has mar. tied Prince William, the son of Frederick William 111. is of the race of the Jagellons. The pride and pretest. sion of the House of Sergame, and natural antipathies, remove to an uncertain and indefinite distance the pe riod when Prussia may become an Ally of Austria. But a common interest may unite them to repair what was not only a crime, but an injury and a fault. Poland was the advanced guard of Europe on the side of Russia and Turkey. Ambition blinded the two Powers which bad most interest in so preserving it. How is it that Austria and Prussia, now become equitable and pru dent because they are threatened, do net unite to repair the evil? The Polish army, forty thousand strong, has yet many veterans in its ranks—their young comrades are filled with ardour—by the Polish Constitution, they cannot be employed abroad, and the character of Con stantine is little calculated to make slavery agreeable. If the policy of G.rmany should do that for Po land which Russia has done for Greece, the results would be similar, and Russia is not ignorant of this. To make war, much money and provisions as well as large armies, who do not live on air, are necessary. In countries easy of access, and well cultivated, invasions may be raised, and one or two victories decide the question; but it is not so in poor countries, such as that where Russia is now operating. If she stops she must retreat before the season prevents her troops from com. municating with their magazines ; and if she prepare. for another campaign, to ensure her political system and lot m new alliances, winter will see these alliances formed. Some of them are now contracted. France seems decided to avoid any engagement. Her army acquires daily a - new force; and in the balance, in which is weighed the destiny of Europe, 200,000 French might decide its fate, if they were thrown in at a Pro per time. HIMMANSTADT, See: st. RETRACT 01 A PRIVAT& LUTTRIt. There is a report that a Russian corps will be sent to Streit., in order to excite a general insurrection, esta blishing the centre at Niue, and summoning all the Christians to arms. Milosch, said to be a creature of Austria, will then be forced to decide, and with or without him, a barrier would be established between Bosnia and Moldavia and Wallachia, which would guarantee them against the barbarians. Bosnia con shines to be a prey to dissensions. At Sarajevo, a Divan has bees organised which has re-established the Janis saries; and has sent 15,000 Greeks to work at the for tifications of Belgrade and Ots)wa. They were sent, on August 27, on their melancholy journey, and it is probable, no one of them will ever return home. Cattle, also, have been sent towards Schism's, but they will hardly reach it. This place reaches, with its camp, abr•ut 6,850 shagenes. The town, flanked by a ditch, in which the Seraskier remains, occupies '2,400 more, the entrenchments. casements, &c. being armed With 900 pieces of ordnance, and defended by 30 or 85 thou sand men. The large space is entered by eleven gates, some being reserved r sorties, and others leading to the streets. The town bas been fortified to a great ex tent since 1806. A branch of the Tekeson, a river which Calls into the Danube, supplies the town and camp with water, and fills the ditches. The third and fourth branches serves to inundate the country. At this spot the roads from Constantinople, Tournovo, aad Rasgrad, meet; and these the Russians have intercepted, a month ago, by occupying positions •in the rear of Tchingue-Ken, of Tchanack-Kalessi, Ta-Bournar, Ras grad, and all the points of the neighbouring mountains; so that the besieged are inclosed in a set of iron. Dis ease prevails in the Ottoman army, and the heat, which rose this year, at Bucharest, to 40 degrees, cost the lives of a great number of Russians, who, notwithstanding this, have remained firm in their lines of blockade. We are positively informed that the Russians are about to resume the offensive. The magazines at Odessa are oveslowing with corn, supplies, and provisions of all sorts. Russia has never had a more numerous as semblage of illustrious persons, nearly all of whom Mat ter themselves with the idea of passing the winter at Belgrade and Bujukdere, on the Bosphorus. It is pee• tended that that would accommodate every one, with the exception of the Ministers of two Powers, well known for their favourable disposition towards the Turks. The plague has entirely ceased at Becharest, and in the neighboming cantons. The warlike preparations still continue in Hungary , and Transylvania, widernt the Rus►ian Government appearing to trouble itself ou the subject; although it must be quite aware of the plots of our Cabinet, it pre tend► to see nothing. A merchant, wilts set out from WidJin eight days ago, tells us that be saw, in a square of that city, a huge pyramid, composed of the heads of Russians. and a crowd of soldiers of that nation loaded with chains. Some were sold as slaves, and others. Listened like criminals, were sent to Constantinople, bearing the impaled beads of their companions, which were sent to the imperial slaughter house of the Grand Signior. PROM THZ JOURNAL DE4 DEIATS, MT. 20. PARIS, Sarr. 20. - • The Sultan probably exaggerates very much tie ad vantage gained by the garrisons of Schumla Sind Voila ; but as we have nothing to oppose to these reports, we will not discuss their details. There is hitherto one incontestable fact, which is, that since the departure of the Emperor, t►te chances of war have not been favourable to his armies. The bloody sortie of Varna, the check of General Rudiger, and the retaking, by the Pacha of Widdin, show it sufficiently. Will the return of his Majesty. and the arrival of reinforcements, change the face of affairs? We cannot be long without learning it. LETTER OF THE DUKE OF NEWCASTLE TO LORD KENYON. The following is an Answer to Lord Kanvom's two Letters on the Catholic Question, which have lately appeared is this and other Newspapers: September 18, 1828. MY DEAR Loan—That I did not answer your first appeal has been a sufficient reproach to me; I should be ashamed of myself if I could see your second, o ith- out making a public avowal of my entite concurrence' in your sentiments, and that I heartily back your spirited appeal to our fellow Protestants of the . British Empire. I am not more given to dilation with my pen than I am by word of mouth; I never use either but by com pulsion; and if I could now conscientiously avoid this labour and the.consequent discomfort. I have every in clination and every motive but one, for consulting my ease, and indulging in that privacy, which, perhaps, may be most congenial to me. Such a course, how ever, consistently with what I conceive to be my duty, I cannot find it within me to pursue. I must embotk in the same vessel with you, and sink or swim in our endeavour to preserve the Religion which we love—the Constitution which we reverence. In your own emphatic words, I painfully confess that we do "live in times when every man who values prin ciples should depend on his own exertions, and not on those of Princes, Prelates, Nobles, Politicians, or Psiha. mew." It is but too true that such is in reality the case; or, in other words, that if we wish to preserve our religion and our laws, sash must use his individual p:►wer to defend preventively or absolutely the Consti tution which he has sworn to be inviolable in Church and . State. It may sound finely in a republican ear to be told that all are bound to participate in the manage ment of the national interests, and that the will of the people should direct the affairs of the country. I can not subscribe to such dangerous doctrines as a maxim I see the mischief of a popular assumption of the emu- . tive, and I would, if 1 could, avoid it ; but unfortu nately we have no choice now—we are driven into a corner, and we must either make a desperate effort to preserve our Constitution, or lose it altogether. De serted or unsupported by thou in power, we see our selves on the brink of ruin ; and is it to be imagined that we can or will ignominiously abandon our sacred duty, and basely yield either to our betrayers or our enemies ? . An appeal to the nation is our only resource ; it must be made • and the voice of the nation must decide whe the Protstantism or Popery shall prevail ?, whether, by treading in the footsteps of our forefathers, we will maintain the Protestant ascendancy. which their prac tical wisdom established for us ?—or whether, to our eternal shame, to our certain punishment, we will see the Jesuits triumphant, and the idolatrous worship of Papists openly displayed throughout this now Proms tent land ? In short. the nation must decide whether these kingdoms shall be at once the cradle and the ci tadel of Protestantism and real liberty, or the hot-bed of Popery, with its scarlet train of mental and political despotism ? We are now arrived at the period when tee are cons• pelled to judge and act for ourselves; the bane and an tidote are before us; our choice must be made—we must now decide whether we will range ourselves with Protestants or Papists—whether we will serve GOD or Mammon! Nothing is to be expected from Parliament, because nothing is to be done by the Government; nothing is to be dune by the Government, because neutrality, conci liation, and modern liberality are still ruling the deli berations of the Cabinet. Thus the honesty and virtuous feeling for which this country has long been renowned are decreed to be neutralised and deadened ; religion and morality, principle, patriotism, and the boasted constitution, are doomed to perish from sheer inanition. But will our fellow Pious ants commit this suicide? Why is the nation listless, apathetic, and dead, to every patriotic impulse? Why are virtue and vice, right and wrong, amalgamated as it were, and so blended together, that the one and the other possess an equal value? or rather I should correct myself and say, why are the bad qualities psedominant? why are the highest and noblest attributes of human nature out raged by a prescribed submission to bad measures, vi cious systems, and detestable principles? The cause, I fear, may be thus explained. For years peat thiGo vernment of the country have thought fit blindly to adopt, and obstinately to persevere in, a system of neu trality which has gradually produced the most deadly evil that can befal a nation—a loss of principle. It is in vain to say that this or that cause has produced this or that bad effect; that the march of intellect, the spread of knowledge, or philosophy, or liberality, or any of those jargonic explicative:, the very sound of which makes the heart sick, have brought the nation into its present state—it is not so: we must put the saddle on , the right horse, and I assert openly that the Government" has done the work. There may. indeed, have been a predisposition to these delusive tbeteries on the part of some restless speculators; but to the Government be longs the blame, and the Government must bear it. In 1807 the voice of the nation rejected an Adminis tration, strong in talent, but weak in the possession of the public confidence. An overwhelming feeling con firmed the power of its successor, which was proudly and triumphantly favoured by popular support, because it was supposed to be purely Protestant, to be pledged to oppose Popery, and to support the national affections, the national interests. Nobly and most beneficially did this Administration execute its duty, opposing Popery, upholding Protestantism, supporting the national inte rests, cherishing the Established Religion, encouraging national morality as well by its-example as by its care, boldly defending the Constitution, and preserving it uninjured in Church or State from the united attacks of dangerous and desperate men, and above all things, keeping this leading object in view that k is the duty of a Government to act towards the nation, as a good father of a family would act towards his family, namely, by the establishment , of public virtue founded upon public principle. The admirable Perceval knew well by experience, and thus foresaw, that because it is worthless, nothing can be lasting hat is not founded on principled virtue; that no nation can endure and prosper without it ; that other nations hod sneered the severest re tributive justice for their national crimes, and that we evidently owed our comparative exemption from the horrors which the Divine Vengeance poured on those devoted countries, to our own comparative exemption from the vices and corruption which prevailed in them. Taking for his motto that honesty is the best policy. the straight-forward. intelligible, and defined policy of the Minister, gained the applause even of his opponents, whilst his friends, sure of his support and encourage. ment in their endeavours to promote his generous mea. styes for the public welfare, acted with spirit, union, and confidence. Thus we continued blessed with an Administration which acted upon known principles, until in 1812 the same hand which deprived Mr. Perceval of life extin guished also the light of the Administration. We lost our virtuous, exemplary, and highly.gifted Minister, and from that time our moral decline commenced, Then began that accursed system of liberalism, neutra lity, and conciliation—right and wrong, virtue and vice, the friend and the enemy of his country were to be con founded, distinctions were to be levelled, all was tobend to expediency, and principle must not stand in the way of policy. Could any one mistake what would be the stare con sequence of such a vile system ? Assuredly, as it has happened, it would follow. that the country would be gradually demoralized. What before seemed odious or immoral, no longer disgusted; all ancient institutions began to be considered as rubbish ; history as an old almanack; experience was to be cast away; all that is valuable to us was to be vilified. derided, and trampled upon; and, finally, liberality enthroned itself in the chief seat to influence and direct the counsels of the nation. The country now found itself without guides. although it had a tiovernment ; the high offices were filled, it is true, but not by Governors. The executive was in other hands: instead of resisting innovation, they yielded to it—instead of leading public opinion, they bowed to its counterfeit—and thus quackery, deceit, and hollow pretension, gained so mach strength that their opposites were almost obliged to hide their diminished heads. Then followed the effects of this contemptible system. The depraved, the disaffected, and the self-opinionated, are always the most noisy and turbulent; they cla moured ; they made themselves to be heard: finding their strength, and presuming upon their acquired con sequence. they artfully contrived, through the Admi nistration, in fact, to rule the State; and the Adminis tration prefer, ing place and irresponsible tranquillity to a noble rejection of either, when principle is at stake, suffered our constitutional excellence, and all that lias been hitherto deemed most sacred or most valualge, to perish. for want of encouragement and protection; whilst the designing Liberalist gloried in his success, and chuckled at the impending misfortunes which Ise well knew would result from such a total revolution in the government and constitution of the country. I have endeavoured, as much as possible, to abbre viate and compress this description into the smallest compass compatible with an intelligible statement of my view of this cardinal point. If we know where error lies, we may correct, perhaps eradicate it. I have un disguisedly stated what I conceive to be its origin, growth, and maturation ; and I have for this purpose attempted to sketch my view of cause and effect up to the present time. • I shall omit all further comment, and proceed at once to thecbange of Ministry in January last. Every heart beat high with expectation —every patriot rejoiced' in the anticipated appointment of the Duke of Welling ton to the head of affairs. The lover of his country fondly hoped that the time had at last arrived when an end would be put to the hateful system of liberalism. neu trality, and conciliation ; he made sure that the high character which had formerly distinguished the nation would be recovered, and that in the place of national demoralization, a new system would be established, cal culated to restore the national energy, by an undeviating rectitude of principle, the character of which would be stamped by the uncompromising character of the Go vernment. We all know bow the result fulfilled our anxious expectations. The last Session of Parliament I consider to have been by far the most disastrous of any in the memory of man—it was pre-eminently stained by liberalizing religion, and this I believe from my conscience to ►e a fatal stab to the Established Church, as well as to the peace of the country and the existence of the Constitution. By an utter dereliction of principle we have sought to appease those who are actuated by no principle bet , • hatred of order ; we thus depress and disgust our melt valuable friends, we invest our enemies with the power taken from our friends, and to fill up the measure of our misdoing, we offend our GOD in the disowning of Christianity. I simply ask, if we desert our GOD, will he net desert us? %sill he not be avenged upon such a nation as this? An inaction totally inexplicable possesses the Govern ment. We see rebellion stalk through the land with impunity—conciliation still reigns in our Councils. The Popish Association, day after day, audaciously asserts its omnipotence, and proclaims aloud that it will yield to no other authority. One of their members has, through this means, been chosen to sit in a British Protestant Parliament. although a Papist; itinerant Popish demagogues are roaming through the country 'spouting sedition and treason ;and who offers the slightest opposition to all this? No one. What, I ask, is to prevent traitors from rising in every market place of every town of Great Britain, to vomit forth their pestilent harangues? or are such wretches only to be allowed this exclusive privilege in Ireland? Shame, shame on the Government which can for an hour, for a minute, permit such dangerous excesses to be prac• tised with blind impunity. lam unwilling to inculpate our chief Minister, because I bad rested my last printi. pal hope on him; my expectation was that Nelson's memorable recommendation would not be lost upon . . him, and that England would see him at all risks, and under all circumstances, do his duty. Let us hope that a m istaken view has alone led him into so vast an error. But when this error is exposed, it will be unpardonable, it will be criminal, if the remedy be not instantly applied. In the midst of this tremendous storm and danger of shipwreck, we are told not to fear—that we have use for our Ministers who will guard us from all danger. I may be called a very timid mariner, but I cannot pros vent myself from crying out; I loudly assert that the ship is in the utmost danger, and as yet the balm= has done nothing visibly to preserve it; the isearieurs at a portion of the crew have burst into open mutiny; and nothing but the prompt energy of the Captain, or the united efforts of the remainder of the crew, can pee it from destruction. Figure apart, imminent danger is at the door of the Constitution; something must instantly be dose, or it may be destroyed. We must no longer wait in expec tation of tardy assistance; we must act for ourselves; and if the Ministers will co-operate with us, so much the better ; but we must not, we will not, be sacrificed: —We are assured that the Duke of WeMutton is tnr to our cause, but that he dares not to act cf that he wishes to be backed by popular support. I ass quite willing to believe that he does continue true to the Protestant cause, and to the preservation of tho se interests which are as dear to us as life itself; but it fe e be true, wherefore this inaccountable inaction? W e know that he must be fearless ; but if fearless, how co o it be explained that he dares not to act upon his owe Ministerial responsibility, but requires the popul ar a i d to attempt that which is peculiarly the duty of t h e Executive? It my positions areas true as I firmly believe th ee to be, then indeed have I made out a case of wreak ? . and it is high time that the nation should bestir itself. and do that for itself which others either fear at rit e* to do for it. Let the nation look forlard a little to the future ; h t it consider what must very shortly be the inevitable co o ., sequence of the present frightful state of things; 0.4 then see the danger which stales us in the face; aid if it is desirous of preserving our glorious Constitution, fi upholding religion, of maintaining the laws, right s , " I liberties of our country, so as in some measure to m ei% the favour of Goo and man, then, I would say, let the nation mouse from its lethargy; let it stand forth the panoply of its mutual excellence ; let it declar e its intentions; let it demand that the Popish Associon, o shall be instantly annihilated; let it demand that the voice of treason shall be stifled; let it demand that all Popish establishments, of whatever nature, wheth er Jesuits' Colleges, or Monasteries, &cc. &c. shall be ros. mediately abolished; let them demand that no Roan Catholics shall vote at elections; and finally, let t h em require a full and undisputed Protestant ascendancy within these realms. This, however, must not be delayed; time presse s and the enemy is at the gate ; the unanimous vaice of the nation should be heard in a tone which entre/ b e mistaken, and our invaluable Constitution will be sale against her most inveterate enemies, whether secret w avowed. You, my dear Lord. have manfully sounded the wars. ing trumpet—you have ably appealed to our Protestant countrymen—l trust that they will as manfully answer to the call. They must unite in Protestant Associating ' from one end of the country to the other ; and as Pat ' liament is not sitting, they should address their Protes. cant King; and may GOD protect our country gm prosper their patriotic exertions I have thus endeavoured, very imperfectly I admit. to describe my notions on this mom.ntous subject. I have written freely; why should I nut? Some one Melt speak oat; my duty and my interest compel ale to coo. teal nothing, and in this sespect 1 acquit myself of any deficiency. - I have extenuated where I could do so with propriety; I have set down nought in malice or hostility, for I entertain none. Perilous times require it ring reme dies and home truths; you will perceive that I have not flinched from recommending the one. and stating the other. lam well aware that in doing this lam subjecting myself to severe animadversions; but I am heedless of consequences to myself, if 1 may ever so slightly benefit the great cause which is at stake. My anxiety also to prove my gratitude to you by answering to your appeal, has been an additional incitement; and thus I have been doubly urged forward to the completion of my unpleasant task. have been led into far greater length than I at first contemplated ; and it is now fit that I should assure yos of the esteem with which I am, my dear Lord, Very sincerely and Wavily yours.. The Right Hon. Lord Kumar. NEWCA THE EVENING STAR. LONDON. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 2S, 1828. FMB OF STOCKS AT POUR O'CLOCK. Bask Stock Shut India Bonds 64 3 per Cent. Red. Skid South Sea Stock 3 per Ct. Cons. 471 11 Old Annuities 31 per Cent. Shot New Ditto 871 31 per Cent. Red. Shut 41000 Exclieq. Bills 74 7 4 per Ct. New,lo4l a 4500 Ditto 76 4 per Cent. 1926, Shit 4109 and 4'loll Ditto Long Ann. Shut Advertised India Stock Consols for Acct. sof s FORRIIIN FONDS. TWO O'CLOCK. Austrian Beads. Ct 97a a Greek Boade,S p Ct.lll Brea gas lids. SOX Greek 8i5.10114. SOX 17 1 Do Acct. 44i a Ru5a.854.11122, 5 pet. 14i Chillies Bonds, 6 per Cat. I 9 Do Aect. 94* Do. Acct. 30* o Spanish Ms 5 p Dsnith lids. 3 pet. Pi 4 - Span. lids. 1843, Sp. C. Do. Ace. 64 UoAcct tig BRITISH AND FORSION SHARKS. TWO O'CLOCK. MIN& ram. 100 IS CI& 35 211 74 25 5 7* 40 36 14 Angle Mezkan Brazilian Ditto National United Mexican Hamburgh Papers to the 20th inst. were received this morning. The accounts from Odessa come down to the 4th, at which time the Diplomatic Corps were pre paring to follow the Esmenoa, who had embarked for the army on the 2d, as formerly noticed. — The attack by the Tusks on the Russian position before Schools' is alluded to, but no particulars given io the Odessa article. From Hermanstadt, however, the OM silence is not observed: the loss sustained by the be siegers on this occasion is estimated at 3,000 men. and 21 pieces of cannon. The accounts from Constantinople are not of a later date than those previously received. The additional troops which had been appointed to Me forts of the Dardanelles have been recalled, as no fear of an hostile attack from the Russians were entertained on that side. These troops are to be added to those already concentrated for the defence of the capital. The politicians of Berlin have altered their opinion respect ing the result of the Honiara operations, and it doubted, even if the invading army were in r Posits' of Sebum's and Yam, whether they would afterwards be able to reach Constantinople this campaign. , ODESSA, Aostst OS. A nem 'speaks intended against Damps, is Ism at Sebastopol and Nicolajew. San. s.—His Majesty the Emmet is returned from his ever skin to Nicolajeva and embarked this day on board a frigate far Varna. T. Cerro Diplomatic is soon expected to follow. Ds Empress Ma it in contemplation shortly to retum to St• Peters. burgh. Elm. s.—Sines his Majesty'. departure, the Diplomatic Body are preparing to Mow him to Kesteedji, whither Count Newby& win men go. Accenting to the last accounts (rest the Mead-grafters at IlszardjUi. the Turks had made an attack en oar position, i• the night of 27th August. CONSTANTINOPLIC, AMOS? M. Among the most recent memerte of defence is, that sU MO Mir