Star. — London, England, 1818-05-12 00:00:00

. .... li • butt 1 grow I 1 info! weal day.. close I : up ; Roo Ladi or G 0 , • rienc ' la I . ever , that IN ford- .atree Mr. Tem Ror Hart . . amps I I 1 - L: II , 1 1 Ti 1 atten and ! 6 for S = TO 1 : . - cc 1 . wish pose I . . 1 . mor grey Cou o spec I I ' pati asst sett] ;. • Ir . :- wha . , / choi i . the ., I cert, spec • nion vers pres tica] I I aco jectt with 11 ' cow they idle gras i no a . I capi port such vent acre haxi fron and • at fi fern 1 , New betti east hint I are vide: to tl ' bett the • 1 plat Ilan the 1 • cow dire nor as t, At 1 is yi ' 1 • it, 1 toy . 4 )1 . shot Can into you 1 Yot you • teril you vett • , saw hop but 1 ir mar s whi thci I ! ' 1 to t' 1 1 1 : T t . they win Cain hen Sett talk I the 1 ' • EE t l. she 1 . . cha !• 1 that • mot . the : it of'd 1, i th i°v ch e t: in t 1 Mcimnrcatss d upo pre: 0 vha Lav •• . . kl -'....•-, th, ; •,l - . *l ck... . • ••.* SOUTHAMPTON AND HAVRE LtE GRACE PACKET. ri* QTARR WOOD, Commander and Sole be be7rAnzo return Ass rcof /V tIIRSTIR an F d I t E h L e D, boflic his iO7 Tons nt grateful thanks for the support he has hitherto received, and to inform them he sails for Havre de Grace every Friday, wind and weather permitting ; and leaves Havre for England every Mon .day.-4111 vessel is well found in every respect; has Water closets and other conveniences • the Cabins are e l eg antly fitted up ; contain twenty-five single Beds, with two private State Rooms, six Beds in each, appropriate for the accommodation of Ladies • also, a most commodious Hold for Carriages, Horses, or Goo ds. Captain Wood solicits the patronage be has usually expe rienced, which he hopes to merit, by affording to his Passengers , every advantage and comfort in his power, and begs to observe that be always sails-in the Curatearumw Particulars to be had of the Agent, Mr. A. Kent, 19, Bland ford-street; Manchester-square; or at No. 9, Huggin-Lme, Wood street. Also of Mr. Gibbon, 19, Coventry-street, Haymarket ;' Mr. Lee, 61, Charing-Cross • Mr. Weston, 16, Pickett - street, Temple-Bar ; and Mr. Stradlings South Gate Entrance to the Royal Exchange ; in Bath, at Sou thampton Coach-Office, White Hart Inn; Bristol, at the Bush Tavern • Cheltenham, South ampton Coach-Offi ' ce Plough Hotel . ; H a vre de Grace, Mr. F. Li Mesurier ; at Southampton, by letter to Captain Starr Wood, French-street. The building of the csairreartzma was by the directions and attendance of Joseph Bennett, Esq. Inspector of King's Packets; and no expense was spared to complete her in a superior manner for Sea. AMERICA. FROM THE UPPER CANADA GAZETTE TO THE RESIDENT LANDHOLDERS OF UPPER CANADA. , " Queenston, October, ISI7. GENTLEMEN--I am a British farmer, and have .visited this Province to ascertain what advantages it possesses in an Agricultural point of view. After three months residence, I am convinced that these are great—far superior, indeed, to what the Mother Country has ever held out, either as they concern speculative purchase, or the profits of present occu pation. Under such impressions, it is my purpose, as soon as circumstances will permit, to become a settler ; and in the mean time would willingly do what lay in my power to benefit the country of my :hoice. When I speak in this sanguine manner of the capabilities of Canada, I take it for granted that certain political restraints to improvement will be speedily removed. Growing necessity, and the opi aion of every sensible man with whom I have con versed on the 'subject, gives assurance of this. My i iresent address, therefore, waves all regard to poli tical arrangements: it has in view, simply to open a correspondence between you and your fellow sub jects at home, where the utmost ignorance prevails with respect to the natural resources of this fine country. Travellers have published passing remarks ; they have told wonderful stories, and amused the idle of England with descriptions of the beautiful and grand scenery which nature has here displayed ; but no authentic account has yet been afforded to men of :vital—to men of enterprise and skill, of those im portant facts which are essential to be known, before such men will launch into foreign speculation or feature with their families, in quest of better fortune across the Atlantic. In this state of ignorance, you have hitherto had for settlers chiefly poor men driven from their home by despair—these men, ill-informed and lost in the novelties which surround them, make at first but a feeble commencement, and, ultimately form a society, crude, unambitious, and weak. In your Newspapers I have requently observed hints towards bettering the condition of these poor settlers, and for ensuring their residence in the Provinces. Such ',tints evidently spring from benevolent feelings; .they are all well nittant, and may tend to alleviate indi vidual distress, but can produce no important good to the country. Canada is worthy of something better than a mere guidance to it of the blind and the lame ; it has attractions to stimulate desire and pliae its colonization above the aids of necessity.— Hands no doubt are necessary, but next to good laws the grand requisite for the improvement of any country, is capital. Could a flow of capital be once directed to this quarter, hands would not be wanting, nor would these hands be so chilled with poverty as to need the patronage of charitable institutions.— At this moment Briti,h capital is overflowing ; trade is yielding it up; the funds cannot profitably absorb it ; land mortgages are gorged ; and it is streaming to waste in the six per cents. of America. Why should not this stream he diverted into the woods of Canada, where it would find a still higher rate of interest, with the most substantial security ? Gentlemen! The moment is most auspicious to your interests, and you should take advantage of it. You should make known the state of this country; you should advertise the excellence of the raw ma terial which Nature has lavishly spread before you ; you Should inspire confidence, and tempt able ad venturers from home. At this time there are thou sands of British farmers sickened with disappointed hopes, who would readily come to Canada, did they but know the truth; many of these could still com mand a few thousand pounds to begin with here ; while others less able in means,' have yet preserved their character for skill and probity, to entitle them to the confidence of capitalists at home, for whom they could act as agents in adventure. Under the wing of such men the redundant population of Bri tain would emigrate with cheerfulness, and be planted here with hearts unbroken. We hear of 4 or 5000 Settlers arriving from home this season, and it is talked of as a great accession to the population of the Provinces. It is a mere drop from the bucket.— England could spare 50,000 people ar.nually, while she would be refreshed and. strengthened by the dis charge. In war, England sent abroad annually more than 20,000 of her youthful sons to be slain, and more than 29,000 of her daughters shot after them the last hopf - of honourable love. In these 25 years of war, the population of England rapidly increasing, what is it to do now, when war is at an end, when love and opportunity are no longer to be foiled, _and the poor laws have provided sustenance for children independent of the parent's care? Under existing circumstances, it is absolutely necessary, for the do mestic comfort of England, that a vent should be • immediately opened for her increasing population, and the colonization of Canada, if once begun upon a liberal footing, will afford this vent. The present emigration from England affords no relief whatever to• the calamity occasioned by the Poor Laws. Thousands and tens of gumands of pau-, pets mold be spared, who cannot possibly now get on for want of means, but who would be brought over by men of capital, were confidence once established. " The extent of calamity already occasioned by, the system of the Poor Laws, cannot be even ima- 1 gined. by strangers. They may form some idea, how ever. when I tell them, that last winter I saw in one parish (Blackwell, within five miles of London) seve ral hundreds of able-bodied men harnessed and yok ed, fourteen together, in carts, hauling gravel for the repair of the highways; each 14 men performing just about as much work as an old horse led by a boy could accomplish. We have heard since, that 1,500,0Q0/. has beep voted to keep the poor at work; and perhaps the most melancholy consideration of the whole is, that there are people who trust to such means as a cure for the evil. While all this is true : when the money and labour of England is - thus wast ed ; when thousands of our fellow-subjects are emi grating into the States of America ; when we even hear of them being led off to toil with the boors of Poland, in the cultivation of a country where the nature of the Government must counteract the ut most efforts towards improvement—is it not provok ing that all this should go on merely from a reigning ignorance of the superior advantages which Canada has in store, and a thoughtlessness as to the grand policy which might be adopted for the general ag grandisement of the British nation ? Some have thought the exclusion of American citizens a great bar to the speedy settlement of Canada ; but a liberal system of colonization from Europe, would render this of small importance. Before coming to a de cided opinion on this important subject, I took much pains to inform myself of facts. A minute enquiry on the spot where Government has endeavoured to force a settlement, satisfied me as to the causes of the too notorious failure there. It convinced me that the fault by no means rested with the incapacity of the settlers, but resulted from the system pursued. I have since spent a month perambulating the Gene see country, for the express purpose of forming a comparison between British and American manage ment. That country lies parallel, to this : it possesses no superior advantages : its, settlement began ten years lat t er ; yet I am ashamed to say, it is already ten years before Canada in improvement. This has been ascribed to the superior loyalty of the American people, but most erroneously., The art of clearing land is as well understood here as in the States : men direct from Britain are as energetic, and, after a little practice, sufficiently expert with the axe, while they are more regular in their habits and more persevering in their plans than the Americans. No improvement has taken place in the Genesee country, which could not be far exceeded here, under a pro per system. It was indeed British capital and enter prize which gave the first grand impetus to the im provement of that country : much of its improve. ment is still proceeding under British agency ; and one of its most flourishing townships ieviliolly occu pied by men who came with slender means from the Highlands of Scotland. In the Genesee country the Government pocketed much butforcrd nothing, and charity there has been left without an object. " Gentlemen—The inquiries and ,obseirations which I have recently made on the 'object of set• Clement, assure m e that neither in these Provinces nor in the United States, has a proper system been pur sued. The mere filling of the world with men, should not be the sole object of political wisdom. This should regard the filling of it with beings of superior intellect and feeling, without which the desert had better remain occupied by the beaver and the bear. That society of a superior kind may be nursed up in Canada, by an enlarged and liberal connection with the mother country, I am very confident; and its being realized is the fond hope which induces me to come forward with my present proposals, and which, if these proposals meet with support, will continue the spur of my exertions to complete the work which I have now in view. Many of you, Gentlemen, have been bred up at home, and well know how superior, in many respects, are the arrangements and habits of society there, to what they are on this side the At. lantic. Such never can be hoped for here under the pie tent system of colonization, which brings out only a part, and that the weakest part of society—which places poor and destitute individuals in remote situa tions, with no object before them but groveling selfishnesss—no aid—no example—no fear either of Goo or man. Is it not possible to create such a tide of commerce as would not only bring with it part of society, but society complete, with all the strength and order and refinemeist which it has now attained in Britain, beyond all precedent ? Surely Govern ment would afford every facility to a commerce which would not only enrich, but eternally bind to f and its Provinces, by the most power ul sympathies of manners and taste and affection.— Government never can too much encourage the growth of this colony, by a liberal system of emigration. When we conic from home we arc not expatriated : our feelings as British subjects grow more warm with distance, and our greater experience teaches us the more to venerate the principles of our native land— the country wherein the Sciences have made the greatest progress, and where alone are cultivated to perfection the arts of social life. At home, we have experienced evils : we know that influences are there, which war against the principles of the constitution and counteract its most benevolent designs. Here, we arc free of such influences, we are perfectly con tented, and a fine field lies open to us for cultivat ng the best fruits of civil and religious liberty. An en larged and liberal connection between Canada and Britain, appears to me to promise the happiest results to the cause of civilization. It promises a new era in the history of our species : it promises the growth of manners with manly spirit, modesty with acquire ments, and a love of truth superior to the boasting of despicable vanity. The late war furnished the' strongest proof of the rising spirit of this colony, even under every disadvantage; and pity would it be, were so noble a spirit ever again exposed to risk. The late war chewed at once the affection which Bri tain bears to Canada, and the desire which Canada has to continue under the wing of Britain. When a connection is established between the two countries worthy of such manifestations all risk will cease. Britain will no longer have to expend her millions here. This country will hot only be equal to its own defence, but the last hope of invasion will wither be fore its strength. While Canada remains poor and neglected, she can only be a burden to Britain: when improved and wealthy she will amply repay every debt, and become the powerful friend of the parent state. What I conceive to be the first requisite for opening a suitable communication with the mother country, is the drawing out and publishing a well authenticated statistical account of Upper Canada. This cannot be effected by a single hand : it mast be' the work and have the authority of many. To give it commencement, I submit to your consideration the annexed queries ; and, could these be replied to from every township in the Province, the Work would be far advanced. These queries have been shewn to many of the most respectable individuals in this Pro vince, and the scheme of collecting materials in this way, for a statistical account, has, by every one, been approved. Some have doubted whether there exists sufficient energy and public spirit in the remote townships to reply to them. I hope there is ; apd certainly no organized township is destitute of indi viduals qualified for the task, if they will but take so much trouble. Some Gentlemen have met my ideas so cordially as to offer to collect information, not only for their own, but for other townships. Cor rect information, however, is not the only requisite : authority is also wanted of that species which will not only carry weight with it to a distance, but re main answerable on the spot for whatever is advan ced.. The desirable point, therefore, is to obtain re plies separately from each township, and to have these attested by the signature of as many of the re spectable inhabitants as possible. To accomplish this in the speediest and most effectual manner, a meet ing might be held in each township, and in. the space of an hour or two the business might be perfected.— The queries have been drawn out as simply as possi ble, with a view to the practicability of having them answered in this general way. They embrace only such matters as it must be in the power of every in telligent farmer to speak to, and .the information to be obtained by them will be sufficient to assure far mers and others at home who have money to engage in adventure, that adventure here will not only be ra tional and safe, but that they themselves may sit down in Canada with comfort and independence. Although to prevent confusion in the general fulfil ment of the scheme, I have confined the range of queries, it would still be very desirable if intelligent individuals would communicate their sentiments with regard to any measure of improvement which occurs to them. or any remarkable fact or observation they have made concerning the climate, soil, or cultiva tion of the Province. Should any correspondent dis like my using his name publicly, he need only give a caution, and it shall be observed. " If the queries obtain notice, and sufficient docu ments are forwarded to me, I shall arrange them and publish them in England, whither I am soon to re turn. Had this task required superior ability,.such an offer would be presumption. I think it requires industry alone, and that I shall contribute most wil lingly. Whoever thinks well of this scheme and feels a desire to promote it, let him not hesitate or delay ; prompt assistance ss ill be every thing ; and as to trou ble, let individuals compare theirs to mine. .• Though I gratuitously make offer of my time, I must be reliev ed of expense as much as possible. and shall expect all communications to be post paid. No person, I think, who interests himself at all in the matter will grudge his item in this way. Divided among many, such charges will be trifling, but accu mulated upon one, they would be serious. " Should the work succeed to my wish, I would propose not only publishing it in the English but German language. It is well known that the people of that nation are most desirable settlers, and it is a fact, that many of them have not the means of com municating to their friends the very superior advan tages of this country. One of them, who has been in Canada thirteen years, lately told me, that " tou sands and tousands would come over, did they but know how good a country it is for poor peoples." (signed) " EMMERT GOURLAY. 4 , N.B. Address all communications for me to the Post Office, Queenston, R.G." QUERIFS. I. Name, situation, and extent of your Township? 2. Date of the. first settlement of your Township ? number of People, and inhabited ?louses? 3. Number of Churches or Meeting-houses? number of pro.. fessional Preachers, and of what Sects? 4. Number of Medical Practitioners? 5. Number of Schools, and the fees per quarter? 6. Number of Stores? 7. Number of Taverns? H. Number of Mills, and, of what description, with the rate of grinding, sawing, and carding wool? 9. The general character of the Soil and Surface ? 10. The kinds of Timber produced, naming them in order, as they most abound? 11. What Minerals, if any, have been discovered or indica ted—Coal, Lime -stone, Iron-stone, Pinter of Paris, Salt Rock, salt or other remarkable Springs? 12. Building Stones, if any? of what quality? and at how much per toise they can be obtained at the quarry ? 13. If Bricks have been made, and their cost per thousand? 14. If Lime is burned, and its price per bushel at the kiln? 15. Wages of Blacksmiths, Masons, and Carpenters, and the rate of their piece-work respectively? 16. Wages of Common Labourers per annum—per wines month—per summer month—per day in harvest? also wages of women servants per week, for house-work and for spinning? 17. Price of mowing Gras* for Ilay ? Price of reaping and cradling Wheat, saying in each case if board and lodging is in cluded IA. Cost of clearing and fencing a given quantity of Wood_ land (say five acres), by contract? 19. Present price of a good Work Horse, four years old? also of a good Cow, Oa, Sheep, of the same age ? 20. Average quantity of Wool yielded by Sheep ? and what price the Wool now brings per pound 21. Ordinary time of turning out Besets to pasture and of taking them home into the yard or stable? 22. Ordinary endurance of the Skighing Season, and of com mencing Ploughing in Spring? 23. Ordinary season of sowing and reaping Wheat? 44. Quantity of Wheat required to sow an Acre? and how many bushels per acre are con►idered an average crop? ' 25. Quality of Pasture -Ist, as it respects feeding, and what _weight an ea of four years old will gain with a summer's nut?- 2d, as it respects milk and the quality of dairy produce, noting tke price which butter and cheese made in t►e Township will now fetch? 26. Ordinary course of cropping arm new lands, and after wards when broken up from grass—stating also whea and for what crops manure is applied? 27. If any Land is let on shares, to what extent Ibis is prac tised, and what the ordinary terms? sa. The price of wild land at the first settlement of the town ship-4ts progressive rise, and present price? Also of land so far cleared—stating circumstances as to buildings, proportion cleared, or peculiarity, if any, of local situation—referring in every instance to actual saes? sp. Quantity of land now for sal e ? Siate of public floada,and if capable of mach improve ment at a moderate expense ? Mao if any water conveyance, or if thls could be obtained, extended, or improved, by means of canals, locks, &c. &c.? 31. What, iu your opinion, retards the improvement of your Township in particular, or the Province is grutgal +ad what would moat contribute to the same THE EVENING STAR LONDON. TUESDAY, MAY 12, 1818. Wittt-Talseay.—lloliday at the Dank, Exchequte, aid Suuth-Seit !louse. The Paris Papers of Fa iday arrived last night. The Monitessr contains a Royal Ordinance, peii m; ,/, gating, and giving full force and execution to tie : 4W which has passed the Chambers, provid4 for the h. quidation of the debts due to Foreign St ates, and to the Allied Powers for their military expm" formity with the Treaty of the 20th of Noemb er , 1815. The loan for the former pts: - ,:ose, re an emission of 16,000,000 of rentes, is to k mediately contracted for ; and we learn fron t p r i vate letters, that so eager is the competirina f- l - It u xql French capitalists themselves, that the has been obliged to divide it equally among s t t h eft. The other branch of the loan, which will requi re a farther creation of twenty-four millions, is rats pectedto be called for till the npproachingCp e of the Allied Powers, at which the question of shb. drawing the Army of Occupation is to be decided —The French Funds, in ti:e meantime, standing this large issue of new renter, continue n. pidly rising ; on Thursday last they reach e d as %; s] , as 68 fr. 75 c. and left off at 66 fr. 60 c. And fm this is the country which we are told is so pis. s r 2 .1 exhausted that it cannot potuidly discharge its debts except at an abatement of fifteea the pound ! It is said to be in the contemplation of rev of the Great Powers to use their influence to obtain there. establishment of the Order of the knights cf Malta. Russia and Austria are represented as panievi al l y favourable to the measure. It would be well if that who indulge in dreams of such revival, would tell us at the same time what. rational purpose is to he served by it. Acsonats from Constantinople state, that the eft doct of the Divan with regard to Servia condones m direct opposition to the views of the Emperor Atts- ANDRII, and that the Russian Minister at Constanti nople has in consequence been obliged to said to F. 4 Court for fresh instructions. Prince Isatoxoweer, who was commissioned by the Emperor ALILIANDU to convey the remains (1 Kosoustro from Switzerland to his native ceuntrr, has arrived with his precious trust at Soleure. A private letter from Paris countenances a belief that the rumours of Ministerial charges which hale prevailed for some time past are not wholly deairam of foundation. The Seals are talked of for 3L Lim; for M. Da CAZES, the two departments of the interior and the Police; while, adds the story, as an impor tant circumstance, M. Vu.Lete is pointed out for the Finance Department, in lieu of M. CORVIZTO. A Mail arrived from Hamburgh this furnaces The following are extracts : CASSEL, MAY r. His Royal Highness the Prince Regent of Great Britain and Ireland ha►ing caused an application in form to be made for the hand of her Mon Serene Highness Princess Augusta, youngest daughter of his Serene Highness the landgra►e Frederick of Hesse, for his Royal Highness Prince Adolphus Fre derick of Great Britain, Duke of Cambridge, bis Royal Highness the Elector, as head of the House. has given his conseneto this union, already arranged with the parents of the bride, and it is now declared at Court his Royal Highness the Duke of CambriJge will arrive here on the sth, and on the 7th the mar riage of the illustrious couple will be celebrated in this city. ANOTHER LETTER-SAME DATE The same English Messenger who brought to toe Duke of Cambridge the news of the increase of h:s income, had also dispatches fur other German Courts: and a report has since been spread, that the intended marriage of the Duke of Clarence with the Priori Adelaide of Base Meiningen, will not take place. BERLIN. MAY I. I Its Majesty the King will set out at the latter & of this month on his long intended journey. (In hi way his Majesty will review the mx•ps at room Mariensverder, and Konigsberg, and thence go or " Moscow. The Crown Prince will accompany his fa ther. The suite will consist of only the Master the Horse, Van Jagow, two Aides-de-camp to Lit Majesty, and one of the Prince. FROM TUE MAINE, MAT r. The wife of Joseph Bonaparte, who had at frzt fort an interview with the daughter of !Axial Ow parte, who is married to Count Pout., is ring to Far. Among the groundless seisms is, du: Oftbeequi; - ment of ten sail of the line, to cruiu wit► the To: 1, against the Algerines. ALGIERS, MARCH 2. On the 4th February the brigantine of 1:: which the Emperor of Morocco has sent as a prcser-t to the Dey, arrived at Algiers. On the 13th February arrived a Tunisian merem with an Ambassador from the Bey, who brought the Dey presents of a gun inlaid with gold, a pat pistols to match, a sabre ornamented with di.unoed. a saddle, caps, shoes, cloaks, and other clothing. 1' nufactured in Tunis, for his troops. On the 20th February ;arrived a Sicilian fico:. C do tk in Ii el an, la 171 e to du M.l .at Ca nit fl( the fill drt