Star. — London, England, 1824-09-13 00:00:00

7• - • `. • ,# i 1 I . STATE We have received a ille of El Sot, from the beginning of Jobe 'and though they contain nothing *W. styled events beyead what has not alr iy , our columns, they still lateen considerable interest Ob those who desill tolseiome more ibtintately tequitntedi with the' state of.Mejico than a detiched proclamation, 1 or the narrative of an isolated fact can make them.. From a series of jooroals, embracing articles on almost every topic of * public nantre,debates in Congress— dispatches from civil and military Officers in the pro vinces—occurrences, civil, enilitary,•and political, in th eapital.anecdcites of character-.letters from cone- Tondents—and other things toe tedious to be enume rated, we learn a rear deal 'more than we could - do from a single piece of news, however decisive or cha racteristic. Such a source of information has something like the variety of general life; and while it supplies to a considerable extent the want of an actual inspection a country, enables ns to correct mistakes by comparing reports with results, and lays the foundation of more sure and accurate knowledge than could be obtained from a selection of official documents or interesting oc currences, We may therefore be excused for laying before our Readers, a few observations suggested by a perusal of these papers; engaging, that whatever pic ture they present of the state of the new Republic, they irefaitbfally and impartially drawn from the materials supplied by its own miters. POLITICAL STAT& It is well known that the vast country, which was two years ago the empire, and which is now the Federal Republica: Mexico, is composed of the provinces, which, under the Spanish colonial system, composed the Vice royally of New Spain. These provinces, formeily called . Intendencies, are now, the most part, erected into independent States. of these States hs its Con gress of Deputies—its Governor or Political Chief—its local taaes—its military force,. and its military Com mander; and they are all connected by a federal Union with a general or national Congress and general Execu tive. These separate States, ahe those of North Ame rice, are of very unequal inmiortance, power, and re sources, some of them rivalling in extent, if not in po pulation, considerable kingdoms of the Old World. The provinces of Guadalasara and Guanazata, from the greatness of their population and the richness df their :nines, consider themselves on a level with that in which the capital is situated. It is almost needless to mention, that before the commencement of the . Peninsular • war, all the doaen of provinces or intendencies into which this great country, inhabited by seven millions of people, was divided, were subject to the same colonial bondage ; and that from 1810 to 181!0, they were all harassed by the same factious divisions and intestine quarrels. In the summer of the latter year, the country was finally declared independent of Spain, and united under Itur bide. who was styled Emperor. The power which this man acquired, and for some time exercised, be could not maintain sigainct public distrust, and the conflicting claims of rival Chief:. But before he left the Mexican territory, in the beginning of 1623, he had made himself friends among a considerable number of Officers of the army, and created a considerable prejudice in his favour in one or two of the provinces. The General Congress and National Exegative, who succeeded to the separate pottions of his divided sway, soon felt the influence of this recollection, airghtvaing -Ore natural.causes of disunion, which had their origin in the rival pretensions or separate iuferests of the dif ferent States. The sic!) and populist's Province or State of GuadaWare, where a local insurrection has lately been subdued by the arms of the general Government, has, ever since the abdication of hut bide, been the scene of plots and machinations of his - friends. Prom; report on the-state of the country, read to 'Congress on the Bth of June, by the Minister of War, it appears pat for more than a year thrGovernor of that State, Quintanar, and the Military Commander, Bustamente, had been fomenting jealousies against the supreme Government, favouring schemes of independence, promoting the views and countenancing the friends of theca-Emperor. The Governor especially had left little doubt on his in tentions respecting Iturbide, and none at all respecting his hostility to the federal union. He had promoted to command, Garcia, a relative and partisan of the ex. Emperor, against the wishes, and even after the inter• ference of the general Government; and he had placed in the ranks of the provincial army a German Baron, of the name of Rosemberg, who had supported Itur biae to the last, and was commanded to leave the Mexican dominions after his patron's abdication. Cries of n bong live the Emperor r had been heard in the capital of that province. and ,were rather encouraged, than suppressed or punished by the local Government. This conduct betrayed evident symptonis of approach ing rebellion, and the Federal Executive could neither be ignorant of the danger, nor delay the necessary mea sures to avert it. Accordingly, about the time that Itutbide was leaving the shores of England,, an expedi tion was prepared in Mexico, destined to crush his hopes ofsuccess in the province where this friends most abounded. The Governor. and Military Commander of the state of Guadalaxara (or, according to the new no menclature, Jalisco) endeavoured to rally their provin cial forces against General Bravo, at the head of a federal army, but were deserted by their partisans, and are now prisoners of war, while the less prudent and more, adventurous friends of the ez-Emperor, Garcia, Rosemberg, and a few more—the forlorn hope of the insurrection—have fallen in the field of battle, or been shot as traitors. The result is, that ).he whole of this extensive province, possessing an important sea-port, and a large track of western coast, has been conquered and tranquillized in less than three weeks. • 44 In one or two of the other provinces there appears to be a, great deal of civil confusion, an abundance of violence, disorder, and robbery, but no civil war—no organized force of rebellion—no settled plan of insur rettion against the Government, inspired by any gene ral feelinrof opposition to a federal union, or any ge neral desireof a change. The disembarkation of hut bide, therefere, on whatever part of the Mexican domi nions he sets his foot, could create very little alarm. The fire of open hostility is extinguished : the friends who would have nursed his infant usurpation, or pro tected the talf-elevated standard of his incipient rebel lion, &recited, either by the sword or on the scaffold. Meanwhile, the Executive seems to be proceeding with great energy. temper, and moderation. in the settlement of the nation. Genital Bravo, one of its member:dud taken the command of thearmy destined to combat the, enemies of the Unkm in Guadalaxara; and General Victoria, another of them, had arrived OD the 16th of June at the capital, where be was received -with testi monies of general satisfaction, both from the Lees's? itl • ..... t.....:..101111 - story a warted them. Several of the reports transmittdd to the Execu tive by the Governors of the different provinces are published in the file of papers before us, and manifest the best spirit in the writers, while they give the molt sistisfactoryaccount of their charge. , a The Constituent Congress sitting in Mexico pursue, it labours with great perseverance, and discusses • various subjects brought before it with great temperailms. The journal before us furnishes every day a portion of its proceedings, and gives the names of the members who vote for or against on important questions. It 'cannot be' supposed that the inhabitants of this vast Republic, spread as they are over so immense a space, and composed as they are of so many different races and casts—often with hostile feelings and jarring in 'terests—without the possession of that political know ledge which gives to politikal vigilance all its value, and leads to the formation 'of public opinion as a check ' upon power—without experience in public business, or the habit of exercising political rights—and without those intimate social relations dr rapid means of com munication which enable a great community to act in concert—it cannot be supposed, we say, that such a people are prepared for appreciating or maintaining free institutions like their republican brethren of the North. Indeed, the rapid changes from a colony to an empire, and from an empire tot federal republic, which we have witnessed within the last four years, are sufficient indications that the great body of the people have either been passive instruments of au thority, or have acted on no fixed principles of policy., That the constitution of a federal republic, composed of a numerous body of subordinate but independent States, each jealous of the other, and all of encroach ment from thp general Government, seems a machine cod delicate and complicated for the people of Mexico, may be allowed, but as yet we see no symptoms of its decay or dissolution. The only serious danger to which it was immediately exposed has been dissipated. The Government and Congress of each State seems to be con ducting themselves with great prudence and moderation; and above all, the General or Federal Congress displays great temper, justice, and good sense. In discussions on the financial situation of the country„ a propositico was favourably entertained to ply the debt contracted, on account of Mexico when it was a Spaniih colony. Would the legitimate Ferdinand have conceived such magnanimity ?, But whatever may be thought of the stability of the present system of swaylor Mexico, there can be no apprehension that it will ever again be brought. under the Spanish colonial yoke. We see in the papers before us indications of considerable differences of opi nion respecting the tind olgovernment best adapted to that country; but no than dares propose that of Fer dinand VII. Indeed, the epithet Borknista, or friend of the Bourbons, is so odious, that when one party or One individual gets angry with an opponent, they use it as their unerring means of provocation and ipsult. —The following account of the state of the Castle of St. John de Ulloa thews the amount of force which still holds out for Ferdinand in the immense territory of Mexico At the end of May some prisoners escape from that fortress, and related that the garrison there consisted df 300 infantry, and 200 artillerymen, and sixty miners. They had had 185 men sick in hospit4 arid the mortality was spreading, but was stopped by , the arrival of a vessel with fresh provisions.'" POLICE, ROBBERS, These papers afford a very unfavourable view of the internal order or the Republic. From the long conti nuance of civil dissensions, and the , predatory habits ac- , quired by the different bodies of insurgents, robberies are common on the highways, and travelling very in secure at the least distance from the capital. The hisb road between Santa Clue and Mexico is particularly tn-, Jested. It will beirecollected, that the American Coo led wat pillaged of his baggage in this route; and wel observe, in the paper-of July 2, that Gomez, the relit. treated free-hooter, bas committed another robbery an one of our countrymen. It would appear that Mr. O'Gorman, the brother of the English Consul, was earl ployed to convoy a quantity of quicksilver from the coast to the interior, and that he was released frdm bit commission earlier than he expected, by this Vincent& Gomez. The same Gentleman, O'Gorman, is stated by the Journal to have been employed in negotiating the, last Mexican Loan for the contractors in London ; and the Journalist adds, with great naivete, " Is it not a dis grace. that an assassin like Vincente should compromise the credit of a whole nation r Ev - en the best Mexican Patriots, like the best Irish ones, are compelled to admit the general existence of these disorders. A writer in the So!, ascribes the difference of public credit between Colombia and Mexico, to the insecurity of property in the latter Republic. MISCELLANEOUS. It has 'been objected to the revelutionists of• Europe,, that when they throw off their respect for the throne, they lose likewise their reverence for the altar. Such a reproach cannot be addressed to the Republicans of Mexico. They are still as superstitious and bigotted Catholics as the most ( legitimate potentate would wish to make them. We find, for instance, in the paper of July 4, that there had been solemn rejoicings for three days for the elevation of the present Pope to the cbnir of St. Peter. All the authorities and corporations went in procession the first day 19 the Cathedral,-which was brilliantly illuminated. Salvoes of artillery announced the great event, and in the evening there were general j illuminations. " Thus," adds the ournalist," Mesico manifested her religious feelings, and respect for the head of the Church." No such r ejoicings took place on the, same occasion in the most Catholic capitals in Europe. Unfortunately, in Europe religion is ton often placed, like the flaming swords on the walls of Paradise, to warn off the people from the treerof knowledge. Not so in Mexico, where the Congress is providing tbat ge neral education shall go hand in hand with religious in struction. There are printing-presses established, and a journal or-two published, in most of the provinces of the Uslion. No better evidence could be given of the general activity of the public mind, of the taste for va rious kinds of information, and of the good sense and ability with which public matters are treated, than the pages of the journal now before us. The reflections of the editor are frequently judicious and well expressed, and the communications of his correspondents are . amusing and instructive. We observe among them many interesting observations on the mines and the mode of working them, the substance of which we - - --:=1111111111111111111- • . 1 , _at Britaapie) Put Malaga sy, sn .iy Bile, 4th ult. The South of Spain was ripe for insurrection.' Sailed on thefitb, and arrited at Gibraltar, for repairs,. on the Bth. Sailed the following day with a westerly wind, and on the 11th, being off Tarifa, where the Con. stitationalists 'had hoisted the patriotic standard, a vessel, under English colours, was observed to have been boarded by armed boats, and detained in the bay: 'The Hansoase stood in immediately to her rescue, took the vessel in tow, arid brought her out under the fire of the batteries. She proved to be the Apes, William Welch, master, 14 days from Glasgow, bound to Malaga The Hamm= returned to Gibraltar with that vessel in tow, and left her there in safety. His Majesty's mertat vessel again attempted to pass the Strait, with a strong westerly wind, and on the 12th 'fell in with, off Tarifa, an English merchant ship, the .Tantivy, of Poole, Wil liam Andrews, master, from Leghorn, bound to Liver pool, which had been detained and threatened to be Bred into by a French man of war schooler. Th e Tender was promptly taken under convoy, and in tow of the allittalle; both vessels together turning to windward passed the batteries of Tarifa, in defiance of the French and Spanish squadrons, and coming up with the schooner, satisfaction was demanded by the Hamethe for the apparent insult offered to the British dag by the schooner, in presuming to alter the voyage of an English merchant ship. An explanation was 'given by the French Commander, and the schooner parted company. By day-light on the 13th ,August, the passage dumb the Strait of Gibraltar was effected'by hie Maiesty's mortar vessel Hatnoase add convoy; having perforeed this most difficalt aod singular operation in twenty-four hours, by means of great exertion In running to windward; 55 tacks were made in all on both shores, and sense the eastern current ; the wind steady at W. by N. and generally la fresh breezes. We believe. there is not another instance recorded of a ship or vessel of war bringing convoy through the Strait of Gibraltar' with a westerly wind ; and it is of very rare occurrence that single ships effect the passage, or even attempt it, under any eircumenseces, with a beat ing wind, from the prevailing force of the Eastern current. For Some days before bee arrival the Harnesses crew bad been much distressed fur wait of good water. - The wboleofthe compasses in the vessel were ow deader, either by lightning or by the powerful ieflueuee of the isediatiph TJIE EVENINU &FAIL LONDON. • MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 43, 1824. THE FUNDS. STOCK EXCHANGE, TWELVE O'CLOCK. r'. • :•• • ~~ I' d who • eee s lens are not allowed to CUT / arms. Five or six Greeks were murdered by the Turke, who afterwards killed an Austrian tail*. The Ranks ndw took the alarm, for their own safety armed them selves, and the French frigate tie Galatee, well Manned, 'Was brought up the Roadstead and took bee station op. posite the French Consulate, for the double purpose o f protecting the Consul and taking on board fugitives. —The armed vessels in the harbour belonging to oth er Powers followed the example. This intimidated the barbarians, who quitted. Smyrna, and tranquillity Se as restored; but trade was in a state of great stagnation. The journal des Debate of Friday has lost a coo siderable portion of its foreign intelligence by she scissors of the Censorship. The part . which reatak s gives us the notes that, passed between the Austrian President of the Germanic Diet and the different Ease ) s of the Great Powers residing at Frankfort; respecting the resoltitions lately taken by the Confederation for re. straining the press, and:regulating the Universities. The Ambassadors of Russia and Fiance express their admi ration of the principles which dictated these measures : the British Envoy Only thanks the President for the communication, and promises to lay it before his Court. Oa Friday the KING transacted business with the Minister for Foreign Affairs and M. de %he Moaiteur of Thursday contains two tonve i ntitins concluded between his Most Christian and bistirtivelk Majesty, respecting the military occupation of *rain. The first is dated February 9, 1824, and stipulates that 45,000 French troops shall remain in Spain till the Ist of July of the same year, and garrison Cadiz, Burgos, Badajos, Corunna, Santona, •Bilboa, St. Sebastian, Vit toria, Tolosa, Pamplona, Figueras,-Gerona, goitalrich, Barcelona, the Seu d'Urgel,• and Lerida ; that these troops shall receVre their ordinary pay from France, but that Spain must make up the difference betweri tbeii peace establishment and pay on active service ; that, at the end of the term fixed as above, a new dn. veution for a further occupation may be made. 'The second convention prolongs that term from July h,1824, to January 1, 1825;:and adds to the fortresses to be garrisoned by French troops, those of Saragossa and Cardona. The following are extracts from the Elate s dated Saturday, September 11: PARIS, SEPTEMBER to. , We have received our correspondence from the islands of the Ar cbipelago. Many facts have already been published. We shall extract all that is not yet known, and that seems to be worthy of notice. " MILO, JOLT IS. " Fifty-two Greek vessels, mutely 30 Hydriots sad 22 Spezaiots, sailed onthe 7tb of this meth to the aid of the Ipsariots. Ofte pan of this Beet is said to be at Samos, the other at Time sad Miami. " Captain Gouras, Commandant of Athens, is gone with 4,000 men to niches, against a Turkish column of i 2,000 men that threatened the first city. Odysseus is at present employed in th.; Senate. He has quitted the military career for that of dipkinsacy• " At Napoli di Romania people say openly, that sinless the moorr arising from the loan arrives, the Morea is lost. Noe,a moldier will march without being paid his arrears. Severs; changes have taken place in the Ministry of the Greek Government. Dimitri Itostatat is Minister of War ; Papa Flaichas, of Justice ; and Capt. Cristo, at present Governor of Napoli di'Romania, is Generalissimo of ail the artistes of the PelOposinestis." " 3fresuisr, JOLT 2 2. " After the taking of Ipsara, the Turkish army had retired to this port. Several Greek ships, profiting by'this favourable oppor tunity, landed some troops in Ipsara, wbo, after having taken the cannon, and a large sum of money which had bees buried, embarked , about 200 families, who had concealed themselves for a week among the :vets near the yea. The garrison left by the Captain Pasha at Jpsara, consisted of 1,500 men: only 259 have escaped- The Captain Pacha bad left nothing bet galleys in the port of Ipsara• Seven only were saved : all the rest were taken by the " The Turkish Beet has returned to Mitylene) and has ;Adored in these seas. It has been pursued by the Greeitnifeesei, which were seen from the shore of Plotnaal. I " The Captain Packs is in. He has giveksallort M hies Slier 10 re-embark on the 24th Juip To-day the Optomis lbw has Elbe It is said that it is going to Tchestne and Dais Nuova, to visit the troops. Those which, it had embarked remain here : they will be gone in three days. " An English ship, coming from Samos, brings the news that the inhabitants of that island have declared to all mangers that they may depart, if they feared death. The aged, women, sea _ _ children have retired to a high mountain, having carried away al they had in their houses and magazines. It is said that the Greek feet is actually of Ipsara." " Mrsvcamt, Amuse 5. " The corvette of his Majesty the King of France, La Chevtette, has arrived in these roads. She has brought hither the Archbishop of Smyrna, who immediately went on board the Captain Pasha's ship, where he remained two hours." NAM 11111 AtIOsBURGH OAZZTTZ. CONSTANTINOPLE, AUGUST 10. The Captain Puha hi preparing for the attack of Sawa. It was to take place after the fete of the Kourbant`Bairans.chat it to my, between the 7th and loth of this month. The Egyptian Beet has arrived off the Island of Rhodes. The Turkish Government, it is imionated, has a borribb pro ject—namely, to carry away from the born the rebels of the Christian population and settle them in Egypt, and to bring Egyp tians to inhabit that beautiful peninsula. Will it be believed, Mae many unworthy Christians in Pera have expressed the mist 111116.- man joy at this shocking report? FJEaCH FU3IIIIII-.-PAIII4 SIPS. 10.—Five per Cents. hobs. du 22d Sept. opened at 911 f. 85c. closed at 98f. 90c. Loan of 1111, 15. Bank Stock, 1,900. Neapolitan Five per Cents. in dusts, ; Rents d'Espagne, 19; Royal Spanish Loan of ISO, Sit. Ex change on London, one month, 25f. 15c. three ditto, Dutch Papers to the 12th instant, and Hamburgh Papers to the Bth, reached us this morning. One of them contains an account of some disturbances which have recently taken place at Coburg. The following are extracts: FROM THE MAINE, SEPTEMBER 7! We hear that some disturbances have taken place at Coburg. The people have long since entertained a very bad opinion of one of the Duke's favourites, a Pole by birth, and at last they have considered this man as the chief cause of serious differences between the Prince and Consort is Princess of Sue Giethe.)-- In consequence of tbese differences, the Princess went to an estate in the neighbourhood. These circumstances were scarcely known when elf • • t . • •-, ' C • . : • • _ . • ..‘, / ‘ • r , e • . s . .., ~. ..- corl4,Fun A- 4 :._ taiso bit 'office as aMof Mt Executive Go- already extended Itmgth. ~ • ventileur. The-4mi histigittoes of disaffection in Gua. • . ... • Al iIiQUTH, •SEP 'EMBER 9 .. ile of the M ihog tide Stdy _ad the - inbabi_ants. end J'isumed tbe &pc- shoult_l hive la d id bef to ore cbr r t . r ."r a %ital. not thisertic le • • • • was tti be tiled Sy the ls - bf the country for ' PLY issiii=. • 1 . f orders . and the a sp irators convicted king of Jobe to the of: My . d i . ' en " ° , •,__ _ Jr _,... Friday strived his Majesty's mortar vessel Hinman, a nat hrat t kap,ou l e - U previous plot had been sent of to sow coast on the Lieutenant MiCausland (orbit Majelity's ship Britannia) h a t ha s not ahead? appeared id of June, that they might be 16portcd front the Con:mender, in thirty-nine sitlyi from Algiers. Put Omen considerable interest is Melicen tertitory in an English stitr j wluals a.waked into Malaga Bay, in a heavy gale, at west, on the 4th __. Consols opened this to•ming at issl to for the Account, at which price they sensained up to this hour, with little or no floc , teatime. , Sanely say business doing. The Repress from Paris has brought the Iteptes on Friday, after 'tangs hours, at NW. • • FOREIGN FUNDS. In the Foreign Market this morning there is little doing, except Colombian and Mexican Bonds. Current Prises ;—New Spanishlsl, Old 206 6, Mogan 931 I, Alliance Shares 106 11 prem. Mexican 4116 49, Colombian Scrip 41611 dis. Colombian 741 756; French Scrip 101-ex. div. Austrian 946'956, Portuguese 261, Brazilian Se dist. Buenos Ayres 32$ Peruvian 56$ ST, Greek 16$ 10k disc. • FOREIGN EXCHANGES. HANIVIUMN, Sim 7.-0 a London, 52. 5. 9 . Us. 36.2. Prniaseanor, Aca. 24.—0 n Landon, 9. 19.52. Akstsaamos, Syr& 10.—On London, 39.9. 2 M. 39. 7. PR ICE OF STOCKS AT ONE O'CLOCK. Bank Stock shut—S per Cent. Iliduced shut • S per Cent. Corn. 9S 494 935—Sf per Cent. shut 4-per Ct Assented shut-4 per Cent. Old shut 4 per Cent. New 106 1 / 4 India Stock 287%—ludia Bonds 88 6 £l,OOO Excl•eci. Boils (2d.) 44 5 ; (1 1 1 2 d.) 43 4 2 I:500 Do. (2d.) 45 ; (1 'Ad.) 43 £lOO and £2OO Do. (1 Ihd.) 48 Cothols for Account 94 1 /i 1 4 V. It is again reported on the Stock Exchange, that the health of the King of FIANCE is rapidly declining, and that his death may be almost hourly expected. We are , told that the good and loyal Parisians are all buying mourning, and it might seem ungrateful for his M ims not to oblige his faithful subjects, by rendering it soon available ; but such things have been known to occur. The French Papers, however, still represent the Ktrro as engaged in duties which either prove that he is not so ill as he is represented, or that, like'one of our own Sovereigns, he is resolved to die " with harness on hi% back." In one of the Brussels papers received this morning there is a• private letter from Paris, of a rather old date to be sure (Monday last), which . represents the Ktaro's health as improving; adding-.—" We have the best i grounded hope that his career may still be protracted for a long time." .6 , 1 f I wish my life to be 2rolonged," said his MAJILSTI. lately, to one of his physicians, " it is to perfect the Institutions originating in the Charter. which have given to my people, and which is to insure their bappi nese A Morning Paper gives an extract from a private letter, but of what date is not mentioned, whish states, that the 103 . 5 health is somewhat bitter ; and it states that the Ktoo said to his Medical Attendant—" I have no great fear Of death, for I shall then cease to suffer and, above all, I shall cease to behold the evarctces that cotetinstalls esseirik soy. brother;" alluding to the at tachment of Mowasaost to the Clergy. The Etoik of yesterday, and the iionitestr ofSatur day which we-have receivedangtther with the other papers of Friday, state, that on the latter day the KING trans acted bUsiness with M, de VILEALE and the Duc de DOIJDZAtIVILL; as he did also on Saturday with the first named Minister. The Etoile contains some intelligence from Greece. It is said that Atheus is again in the hands of the Turks, who have committed great excesses. One of the Greek Generals is said to have defeated a body of 6,000 Turks near Attica. The Aloftdour contains an article from Smyrna, of the 4th ult. which states that tranquillity bad-been dis turbed there by the Turkish soldiers, who were assem bling to join the expedition against the Greek ibles.. These soldiers were cogiottally-quarrelling with the T