Star. — London, England, 1825-06-28 00:00:00

- 7N - 1 4 11 /• F: . i • N r 0 Mr. ELLICE was of the same opinion with the Hoo.l Gentleuian. that the circulation was never in a leas satisfaltory state; and that was mainly owing to the .411ermission given to country bankers to issue 11. andll. bank notes. In the country they formed exclusively , the currency in circulation. In the case elf a run upon the Bask d r aillar to what bad taken place in 1797, be hardly saw ia bow the waist meet the demand. Sit. 3. MITH said, that a great part of the circu lation in the country was in 51. notes, for the most part payable in London. Tie Dank of EnglAnd were in the habit of 'remitting great quantities , f gold to the coun• try ; and in the county of Lancaster the circulation *as almost wholly metallic. He had no doubt while" our commerce continued what it now is. that we should have specie always in abundance: The present was, he believed, a solitary instance; and he deprecated the remarks that had been made by some of his lion. Friends. He did not believe that three bankers in the whole kingdom would refuse gold for their notes. The least profitable mode of circula tion for a country banker was that of 1/. notes. His trusted the law would be allowed to remain as.it was, which was what it had been before 1797. , Mr. ILL LI C E and Lord FOLKESTONE explained. Mr. ABERCItOMBY thought the question well de sewed the prompt consideration of Government. If payment in gold could only be obtdined by an action at late, the collsevences might be very inconvenient to the public, as many would decline to have recourse to that mode of redress. The question for the House was, did the law stand as it was horn 1797 to 1816 ? If the clause protecting the pubic was omitted in the Act of 1822, the public should have t' e same advantage as they had in the former period, of obtaining payment in cash by a summary process, without the necessity of an action at law. Mr. Secretary PEEL said, that the /lolls? h.& been drawn into a debate on a most delicate subject, without anyprevious notice and forwhich he saw no netessity.The Bristol flanker himself now admitted that be was in the wrong, and would do so no more. As that was the ease, he saw no need for the interference of the House. ft was net clear to him that the construction put upon the law, was the true one. He bad great doubts of the propriety of the House taking any steps in it. Mr. A BE ltC ROM BY wished to know if the Right Honourable Secretary thought payment in gold could be enforced by a sum snail process? blr. Secretary PEEL was not prepared to give any opinion on the subject. Mr. MA BERL"! thought the Petition should not be received. Mr. S cretary CANNING said, that there was not a shadow of doubt but that by the law as it now stood, every Country Bank was as liable, upon demand, to pay its one pound notes in gold, as the Bank of Eng land was to pay its notes of any other amount. Any attempt to legislate upon the subject, would be, in his opinion, to create doubts which did not exist.— If the HonouraLle and Learned Gentleman asked him by what law a Country Barker was compelled to pay his £1 notes in gold ? fie should say, by the ge neral law -which made gold the only legal tender.— They had returned as far as they could to the state from which they departed in 1797. But far some rea :en or other, whether good or bad, he was unable to say, as he was not a competent judge, but it had been d: emrd expedient to continue the circulation of country one pound notes. It was not, however, necessary to keep up the laws in consequence of and the whole machinery of the suspen sion was mine. The security was the same as for ail ot; er debt, and the banker could pay in gold alorte s hell called upon for payment. He thought the Thnourible Memb-rs for Norwich and C ventry would agree with him in this elew,and that What they bad said only arose front a whir to go back to the old •opinions which they main tained five years ago. The Honourable Membrr for Coventry seemed to thick that some great calamity was going to happen, by • which the country was to be placed in a situation of difficulty. He could not see the least probability of the Honourable Member's fears being realised, and he was sure that nothing would be so likely to bring them to pass as a departure from a metallic currency. M. BARING considered that the restoration of somothibg like the summary process in the case of one pound notes would be advantageous. He thought it necessary to a sound and healthy state of the currency; that the country should be more fully saturated with gold than at present, before it would admit of those contractions and expansions which the operations of the State might require. If it should become necessary that vie employed four or five milhons abroad, the coffers of the Bank, and the circulation of the Metropolii alone, could not bear that such a sum should be abstracted • without injury to the common %elation: carried on by the cieculating medium. The issue of country notes might be a convenience in some respects, but a general Aiiic currency would be the most wholesome system for th.e.country. With regard to what had been said about former opinions, and propo,itions for - an adjust ment of contracts, he thought:there was nothing in the measures Of suspension and resumption which could be a cause of congratulation to any one concerned in them. Ile thought they were right in refusing all such pro. posals for adjustment, but the violent elects of those changes brought ruin upon a large proportion of the country. Mr. HUSKISSON was ready to admit, with his Honourable Friend, that great injustice had been done ti, individuals by the .resumption of cash payments, after the changes in property which had been pre viously obtained. The Right Honourable Gentleman contended that there was already a sufficient security i n t helaer for tie payment of piper currency in gold. It they were to take any other measures, they could not be limited to one pr and notes alone, but must extend to five pound, and notes of all other value, as well as to every other species of paper money. In the Ccunty of Lancaster there - were no issues of paper under five P* winds . but the business was constantly transacted be - tweetintan and man, by means of b.lls of exchange, fw which there was no other security than the general law, which compelled a man to pay his debts. In Scotland the issuing , of one pound n o t es had always been in practice, with no other security. The only way, therefore, in which the case could be reached, was by changing the whole of their law for the recovery of small debts. MI be wished to be understood was this, and he wished it to be known in every part of the kingdom, that no par- Xies, whether Company or Corporation, carrying on the business of bankers, could issue notes which they were not liable to pay at sight, in the cola of the realm. Mr. Serjeant ONSLOW protested against any summary process or_Ploied• Mr. ELLICE and Mr. Secretary PEEL mutually explained. Alice fli t . few wads from Mr. Joint Sam, Mr. Secretary CAN. XING, and Mr. Hume, Mr. MABERLEY said the House ought not to re vive the Petition, which was dishonest in its prayer. It 'allowing the ships of this country to % bring any good., fund in ticat country, whether' the produce of thi Ms not. Thiteur thdrefore as it at present stood would not of the iasportatbo of Preach produce la Stvedhh bottoms. •• . 8 COMMATION O W 011411211 BILL Mr. WALLACE moved the order of the day fOr the House resolving itself into a Committee of the whole House on the Combination of Workmen Bill. The Right Hon. Gentleman said he . would, in moving " that the SpeAker do now leave the Chair," briefly state the ground on which the present measure was founded. The statement made on a former night by a Eight Hon. Friend near him (Mr. Huskisson), though it had not been substantiated in all its particulars by the evidence, yet was so far borne out, as to the general extent and nature of the combinations that existed throughout the country, and the effect of those com binations, that it was quite clear, from what had come to light, that some further intervention of Parliament was absolutely necessary. It appe 'red to him and to others, that the only practical view that could be taken of :this subject was to examine the actual state of those combinations, to see if any alterat;on had taken place its the conduct of the patties, in consequence f the re peal of those laws, which it was confidently asserted had given rise to the combinations that formerly existed— and also to inquire whether the character of those combinations was in any degree softened or mitigated ? All those points were duly considered, and it did . ap pear that the character of those combinations was in some degree altered—that they were greater in extent, but more open in their prrceedings, than they used to be. No less than thirteen cases of absolute combi nation were stared to the Committee, and r f these seven had grown up since the sitting of the Committee. With respect to the conaitutional character of those combinations. they *A found it much the same as heretofore. The patties met regularly and constantly. with Presidents, Secretaries, and Committees. They attempted to take from the masters all resources, by restrainiog them from taking apprentices. They were all under the superintendence of Committees,whichCom minces appealed to be composed of leading members in the trade, over the west body of which they presided. The manner in which they issued their orders, and the promptitude with which those orders were obeyed, sufficiently shewed their influence. He knew that ire the estimation of many Gentlemen, those combinations were considered as light and unimportant. -He con fessed that he was of a different opinion. He viewed the subject as one of very great importance. He knew it had been said, that a good deal of difference might be traced between meetings which took place about a round table and about a long table. There was more equality at the round—individuals could more readily deliver their opinions; but at the long table, those who were at the upper end, who acted as directors, could contrive to have their projects carried without much interference from those at the lower end. He believed this was the case in those combination meetings where the measures were generally catried by the worst and most violent chat actors. lc appeared that the interven tion of journeymen had for its object to settle when they -would work, whom the master should employ, what they should -receive, how many, if any appre;:- tices, should be allowed ;—in short, to take all power out of the hands of the master. Beyond this, they had, in some eases, pointed out men to be assassinated. -a cireumseanet which ought not 'to ma p ': of Gentlemen. He dec la re J that •he had not vier— .stated the case : he had et:Wined-himself to the evidence. In Ireland, 'it was . stated; 70 or 80 persons had been wounded. Of these SO or 40 had their skulls fractured and two had been actually murdered, in the open day, without the possibility of bring'ng the murderers to jus tice. In Scotland, a 'still more organized system pve 'railed, and he begged leave to call the attention of the House to the oath which was said to be taken by the persons engaged in Scotland in those combinations. It had been produced before the Committee by a respect able manufacturer, and ran thus :—" I A. B. do volun tarily swear in the awful presence of Atm IGHTYGOD, and before these witnesses, that I will execute as far in me lies, every task or injunction which the majority of my society may impose on me, whether it be theassassina tion of oppressive and tyrannical masters, or the demo lition of shops deemed incorrigible; and I will also cheerfully contribute to the support of my fellow workmen, who may have left their employment in con seqtience of any reduction of wages. And Ido farther swear nevet td divulge the form of this obligation, unless duly authorised to divulge it by the proper authority." Now, supposing this to be a real obligation(Hear, hear, from Mr. Hi o ne)—what must be the state of so ciety amongst those who would not scruple to subscribe it? Was it_ fit that such 'a state of things should be suffered to remain? Could anything be more dread- ful than a combination in which vast numbers of persons were bound together by such a tie? Thellon.Gentleman then proceeded to detail the evidence of John Kean, an artisan of Glasgow, who, is his confession, declared that the objkct of the workmen in their combinations was to keep up their wages. That there were two Com mittee-min in the General Association at Glasgow, whose duty it was to report to the Select Comnottee ; and that these Committee-men were changed every two months. He proceeded' to describothe organisation of these Committees, and stated, that it appeared by the same confession that it had been resolved to take the lives of four of the workmen, Wright. Dunlop, Lindsay, and Ewens, as soon as possible. This Committee, it appeared, met every Saturday night between nine and ten o'clock. The confession to which the Honourable Member now alluded, had been made by a man who had been convicted of shooting a workman of the name of G aham, who had gone contrary to the wishes of the Committee. He felt that it was unnecessary for him to dwell upon this case, because the atrocity of it must strike every one, and the opinion olevery Honourable Gentleman must be, as his was, that a state of things in which such crimes could be perpetrated ought to be put a stop to without delay. He believed that she same motives were common to all the Committees, and that they all pursued the same course. The evil which re suited' from it was, perhaps, greater than could be cal culated at the, first sight. The most innocent persons might be led, step by step, to become participators _ _ - . 'recent instep's. All these various ets#4lo had, Wee? been lately practised. The shipwrights in the neigh. bourbood of London had qlietly left their work, and withdrawn from the employment of eertain masters. — The shipwrights of Bristol had gone a little farther, and had resorted to threats. The coopers of Landon had made all the workmen who would not obey the rules they laid down, as they called it, uncomfortable. It was difficult to say exactly what they meant by " un comfortable;'' but its effects were easily understood. — The consequence was, that all the woe kmen who had been made uncomfortable became members of the association. The weavers of York.hire had proceeded as far as threats, and the workmen in Scotland had gone greater lengths. An ins'ance occurred a few days ago, conceiving that he had from the society; afterwards , come i ecei o v f e a d m a a s n m w a h ll o s h u a m d struck with others, and who had permission to return to work, he had done sir, and was e u n w r hs wished d fort see o ca tf l e le n ci ce t . o F ac o c r o t u h n e t se b r y ea t sn he ns so i c t ie w t a y s , the law relating to comb inati stronger, and that he h P peo ple might be guarded ag ons made a net the posiibilit th y i nto excesses, which in ae end mast be ef at r u t e h l e iing dangerous to themselves; and that they should not, as they did now, think it was rneritori , us to enter into combinations against their masters. He was no Iriend to the principle of the laws which had been repealed ; he did not with to see them re-enacted, but he wished that the common law as it had stood befote should be again brought into force. This, he believed, would be quite suffic.ent fur the purpose, and he expected that in saying this he spoke the general opinion of the House. By that law sufficient powers were given to the work men for the preservation of their own interests ; they were permitted to meet for the purpose of obtaining an increase of their wages ; but if' they went bey and this, and attempted to mix up any intimidation of others in their scheme, it was going too far. The object of the present all was to ke p up this ds tixcti n, and everything beside was lett to the opera ti.m of the common law. He thought the Bill of last year went too far, because it gave the men an oppor tunity of controlling their masters in their trade, and opened to them the power of exercising a compulsion which was tri just and impolitic. The attachment which some workmen had to their masters was very strong; their affection to their fannies mu4t of course be mach stronger ; and yet the influence which tl-er societies exercised over ditto was found to be stronger than either, and induced the workman in many in stances to neglect both, and in preference to obey the orders of the societies. The principle of the Bill now before the House was to make all associations ille gal, excepting those for the purpose of fettling such amount of wages as would be a lair - remuneration to the workmen. He knew it had been objected that this was not enough ; but he thought it was safer and bet ter to point out the description of association which was legal, than to specify all a hich were illegal, in doing which there was great danger, either in put ting in too much ur leaving out something which might he necessary. The Bill of last year was the samein principle as this, but it_went a little fur• ther, and this, he apprehended, was the cause of the i-convenience now universally felt.--The present Bill gave a summary jurisdiction to Ma gistrate, ; it did away with the necessity of a pre vou..information, and pe mitred a conviction upon ::tese:ruenre done vt'tties only. 'Phase yvcre the prin n eipstfeatures of the Bill. He was aware it would dis-' amoint many persons; for there were, some, who, listening to their pr. jtd , ces, thought that the utmost vengeance of Parliament ought to be called down upon these combinations ; and who thought that rigour and severity Were the best tests of' power. Fur_ his own part, he thought the best test of the power of Govern ment was shewn in its clemency and moderation. If any future necessity should arise, it would not be dif ficult to make the laws more strict; and to vindicate the authority of Patliament as yell as to protect the best interests of the country. If it should happen that the consumers were inconvenienced by the consequence (*these combinations, the Government must take cire to provide supplies at it reasonable rate, by admitting the productions of other countries. ile felt all the dis advantages which such a measure must bring with it, but he felt alsci that, great as their disadvantaiges were, it was better to endure them than to submit to the tyranny of - the combinations of the workmen. The Hun. Member concluded by moving, that the Speaker do leave the chair. Mr. ROBERTSON then rose, for the purpose, be said, of offering his 'opposition to doctrines which ap peared at pi esent to have become fashionable., Lie then proceeded to argue that the interests se British navigation and numeric were injured by the existing system. Mr. HUMLISSON submitted that the Honourable Member's observations wets out of order, inasmuch u they had no Wants whatever to the subject before the House. _ _ . The SPEAKER said, it was extremely difficult to say whether the observations of the Hon. Member had been strictly in order or not, they having been applied to tl.e state of commerce all over the world. He had, however, no hesitation in s eying, that what had fallen front the Honourable Gentleman at present had no reference to the subject of the present discussion. Mr. ROBERTSON resumed, and sai. l , he thought that whatever concerned the general intere,ts of the *awry might be properly enough introduced into this debate.— The lion. Gentleman then proceeded in his observations. Mr. Secretary PEEL was compelled to say, that af ter listening for some time with much attention, he could not see how then lr.ervatiens of the Hon. Gent. bore in any degree upon the question before the Howe. It was difficult certainly to say in what way a speech might end, but at present be did not see any roadie of application. Mr. ,ROBERTSON, after defending himself from the charge of being out of order, declared that the-re peel of the Combination Laws would, in his view, be attended with the most mischievous consequences to the workmen themselves. Being enabled to extort from the masters any rate of wages they pleased, they would pass oat half of their week always in idleness, rind contract the most dangerous habits of excess and intoxication. Mr. HUME said, that the Right Hens Gentleman opposite (Mr. Wallace) had given the workmen anything rather than fair play. None of the abuses of which the masters complained so loudly were at all proved in the evidence before the House ; and at least the existing ' this - - the of la , hick _ T.:toted and 114 that- Oa inetiatiee petitions' had not had 't, al P s th t ikw .al. T rl i : t e e eleiss ! c i orn ou ' s el e l n a vr e w d a s_th s er h %hie) had raised every r utr ed uy: e xis ting combination combinations,tnpiloto necessaryedbegging,e°f.a d ea l laAh f ne°dvd l -gfaweionfi she er vigorously u i h swlay i lh ? "l7h. the last three years from 30 to 60 per cent. in price. It wks a little hard to allow the corn-grower to bring his commoditi as he chose into the market, and to shut out all competition, that he might obtain his own price for it ; and then to punish the workman, who was compelled to buy this artificially raised commodity of the land holders, for making what efforts he could to get the best posaible price for his own. The Haase then went into a Committee upon the Bill. The Sprat's having left the Chair, Mr. CALCR AFT objected, that sufficient Investigation had not been given to the subject. On the reading of the clause which made it penal to induce any man to leave his work by threat. intimidation, or nut*. Mr. HUME objected to the wording of the clause as Soo vague. The word " insult" might be construed a thousand ways, and that which might he considered as an insult to one man, would not he so understood as applyi ng to a n o th e r. Ile thought the druid should be put in a more defined shape. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL sAid, if the word II insult" was thought t o undefined, he wou'd not press it ; but he had pTec-dent for the adoption I.f words in a penal clau-e, which admitted of fall as great a latitude of construction. In an Act then before him were the words " mo lesting or obstructing by threats, intimidations, or any other means." Sir M. W. RIDLEY thought the word " insult" sufficiently measured; but if the object of the Bill could be attained by any other terms, be would not oppose the alteration. Mr. Secretary PEEL said, as workmen were now subjected to such mole.tations as tarring And feathering, or pulling through horse ponds, if th y did not join in the combinations male against their m:l 7 st -rs, it was necessary to give them some further sister-ion than they had at present. Mr. HUME and Mr. Secretary PEEL mutually explained. Mr. W.-WHITMORE cot.t.nded, that as the gistrates in the manutic raring districts were generally masters, and as thi persons who combined were gent' r4lly wbrkmen, this Bill would give to the master~ power of oppressing the men with which 'Fey ought not to be intrusted. He thought that a power of ap peal ought to be given to 'he men. If it were not, it would be found necessary in a very short time to propose, for the sake of justice, that in the manufactuting slirricts there should be none but stipendiary ..Magistrates. Mr. HUME again objected to the word " molest," as bcirg vague and inexplicit. The•Comniittee then divided, when there appeared, For the Clause 90 Against it . . 18 -72 Mr. HUSKISSON said, that the fault of the 8 . 11 of last year was, that it did not carry into eff-ct the rego.. lotions agreed to by the Committee. Toe present Bill oas intended to do that. It was not meant to do any thing harsh or oppressive to the artisans, its sole object was to remove all restraints in the free competition of labour and capi•al. The great source of these re straints was, the combination of workmen, whose con trout, when exercised, was found to be more oppressive than the laws of any tyrants. Mr. HUMS said, that the House, in agreeing to that clause,,- were virtually opposing the people. lord A. HAMILTON, Mr. W. SIMS, and Mr. •CALICILAIPIN COM. demned the language used by the Hon. Member for Aberdeen. Sir F. BURDETT regreft-d that a little more time had not been given to see the operation of the Bill of last year. He defended the Honourable Member for ,Aberdeen, whose warmth on the subject was very nst-; tura', cktusidering that he had in the Committee been obliged to stand single-handed tnr•what he considered his duty. He objected to the vagueness of the last clause, and thought all parties would be sufficiently protected by the common la;v. After a few words from MI. SCARLIST, Mr. floanonse, Mr.' Maavracs, and Mr. Secretary Pan., the Committee divided, whoa the numbers were. For the amendment, $3 I Against it, 76 I Majority against it, 25. Mr. HUMS moved an amendment that no master manufac turer, or son of a master, shall sit as Magistrate to enforce the pro visions of this Act.—Tbe Committee divided— For the amendment, 15 I Against it, 60 I Majority, 45. The Homo resumed, the Report was ordered to be received to. morrow (this day). iris LtNRICE. Mr. DENMAN postponed the further consideration of the Com mittee on Mr. Kenrick till to-morrow. ' Mr. AItgIICAOMIT Mr ., BAILING ' Mt. Secretary Pam., Mr. DMA. MAN the Arrommr:Gtmasat., Dr. Putt. utoas,and Mr. C. WT Me g said a few words each. Mr. DENMAN begged leave, in the most explicit manner, to disclaim baying cast any imputation (as be might be supposed to have done, from the speeches of some Honourable Members that evening) upon Alre. Kenrick, with respect to his having been actuated by anything like corrupt motives in these proceedings. In the case of Mr. Mania Canfor, he undoubtedly desired • to be understood as charging Mr.Kenrick with having manifested extreme partiality, when the whole bearing of the case was considered ; and that charge of par. tiality; he did conceive, was made out, upon the eyi• dence which had been offered at the bar, He now brought up a paper relative to .the case of C. Franks; • and upon which, inasmuch is it contained the grounds of the charge against Mr. Kenritk, namely, that in rel. spect of Franks he had unjustly pronounced him to be guilty of a felony, and had afterwards proposed to compromise the affair on the condition tliat Franks should plead guilty to such felony, which Franks had declined to do—he (Mr. Denman) gave notice, that be 'skald, to morrow, submit a notion fee coosiderinsuch paper. Mr. BERCROMBY and Mr. BA ILING were averse to any mode of proceeding that might seem to bear unnecessarily bard upon Mr. ICenrick. • Mr. Secretary PEEL did not mean to kaput: the slightest ins propriety of feeling,to the motives which had actuated the Moo. and Learned Gentleman. If, however, it should appear that . Mr. Kenrick could not enter upon his defence without calling certain witnesses whose evidence seemed to be considered material, other matters must necessarily stand over till neat Sissies. The SPEAKER understood the modes for postponing the hi ther consideration of the charge spinal Mr. Keswick to be post poned till to-morrow. The only question was, whether k was lawilal or Mat in the Chair to communicate - to the iisdividual aeramd.ohe substance of the charge against him? In charges like this, arisen, the charge against the patty bad been Insisted on as matter of riglit, it had been usual to grant a espy of such a charge to the pony tack. cured. The usual course had certainly been to anniwookate to hies a copy ofthe charge agalost him. Upon the question being pot. from the Chair, Is was agreed that such copy should be communicated to Mr. Yeoridi. The other Orders of thi Da wa s thee disposed of, and the ' House adjourned at Hatt•roar Two feCtocc. THE PRESENT GAT SEASON has given a new se . . • • levee the Petition, which was tinnonest in Its prayer.. As !aaawar Dow ••••••, ---r "*".l ''''ye "" ""'":""'. r ----c----- - . .. ,• 1 . • c a. inn - t ' stated that the facts complained of were growing evils, in acts of the must atrocious description, and from system had this advantage over the state of law lam n magus to. the Fasussabgb world; and the mikancestest of per- wit " s 11,, tretb it was an ba ste d cue , a nd bad never been heard which, if left to War own unbiassed feelings, they was gone by; there, were ne more cases of illegal oaths, see d charms i s ewe s*/ of anaious so md tet l e . The two gre at est . i of untilthe Petition itself was brought before the House.- would, recoil with the utmost abhorrence. It was no More secret societies. No doubt there had been faults, auxiliaries and of Beauty are Rowthiter "aurae*. ! , The Petition was then laid upon the table• very well known that to ensure success to the de- and of late, on both sides; but the masters were at least 7. 1 1i5h in t. "'" _ / dell" bk feminist 11 islinfliffirs . NAVIG ATION LAWS. signs of any Committee like those he was speaking of , as m uch to blame as the mechanics ; and he denied ' Cal list iless. be a : d in co lai m rsjing the mas a lisSils, e a t errs la watekiess core f. Sr. DENISON asked whether, in the present sta te of the law, numbers were in the first place and most of. all Imes- that any proof of violent conduct, at least to any ma - Complrzinn. The Beatty of the Oa se Is tile .11111111 by it was altebred for Swedish er other vessels to import the produce of s a il . To g ain these , every inducement was put in prat• terial extent;had been given.. In the complaints of the :he tastetul arrangement of the Italf,radonad the ow of Row. Pratimimoutib country far bate coasinaprion? ntra e article puts to the towhee temees a isithentis- emmths. lily: HUSKISSON said, that by the Navigation Laws ilex. first of all, persuasion and the milder plans wete master paper ma k ers , he thonght the masters o ere de. Gosobs , elocassa im o OIL. . The waisamdatit 'at agile ad • teed beautiful gloss, remit:Jos the Head brew teak eeshintiog• of • this country': tier ' sink ' i Charles 11. it had been tried ; then money was offered tostrita . s wanted it'; then cidedly to the . Wrong . So with the coopers ; there hadt. allowed to foreign vessels to import the produce of any warnings; then threats and, intimidation ; and if these -beessf . .no violence; and the House could not. teßislate ts. . in intenders Seas, the was ll tt . ... - r:rn4Tuu —lu the Advertisement of the " . . . Suropean latices. wi th certain exceptions. The law had were found to be insufficient, then murder, Or an, attempt prevent petty differences. Thejourneyorn thipwrights ,„„,..K si. ER . s . .. . , mice been altered, changing the list of exceptions, and to murder, was resorted to, as had been seen in some had offered to meet the masters half-way ; tht latter had ~M Li 6s. instead of .C 6 6s. , • . .. . s .... ' i . . . .. . 1 . . , '