Star. — London, England, 1828-08-28 00:00:00

.•••••••••1 ~. , . . . _ . . - Ti ,--, if . . , • _ t 414---, ./..,;. ), . k.. ra deb - • .7 4 " ak :MOP/ v . •: 7 ( , .• A N. , " "I I k Say 44 . 14 4' . lict • .N. .4 I ‘' % ‘ ~..a ir ...„,„, A ".,,„ i. «, , , • .2 . /00,11gAl. . I. . 05em....ft......-.-.•••••••••-• • 7. .‘ UMBER 12,649, • . IRISH BMW AND PORK. VICTU4LIING-OFFICE, Jody 27., 1828. THE COMMISSIONERS , for • VICTUALLING his #4.01.7r5t ArdiVY; 4:c. do hereby give nonce. That an Tutrainay; the tub of September next, they will be 'ready to receive Tenders hi wilting (sealed up), and treat for the %pelf to flit: Department of a quantity of IRISIi SALT NhMT, equal to Thirteen Thousand Navy Tierces of BEIIF. and Thirteen Thousand Navy Tierces of PORK, all to be Cured in the ensuing Season, to be delivered four-fifth parts thereof in Torres, and the remaining firth part in Barrels, into his Majesty's Stores at Deptford; l'Onsolouth, Plymouth. and Cork, •lich proportions as shall hereafter be agreed on, one half ther.of 'on or heture the Bth day of February, and the other half on or belore the 51st slay of )lay, 1829, to be paid for as usual, by Bills, s wami: !merest, payable silty days after date. The Conditions of the Contract may be sera at this Office, or by applying to Wu. Acres, Esq. Agent for the Victualling at Cork, or to the Collectors offhis•:llajesty's Customs at Limerick, Belfast, Henry, sod Watetfordy and to the Secretary to the Postmaster- General at Dublin respectively. No Tender for a less quantity than shall be equal to Three Hun dred Tierces of Beef, or to Three Hundred Tierces of Pork will be 'amities! ; and each Tender meat spedfy the price in words at length, and be delivered before One o'clock on the Day ap palsied, and must be accompanied by a Letter wiped by two responsible Persons engaging to become bound with t 4 Party ten. dering, in a penal sent equal to one third of the amount of the Contract, for the due performance of the same. The' Person who makes the ?miler, or some Person en his behalf, Mist attend to answer when called for. Y. WALLER CLIFTON. This day was published, Sr 1. Timms, Edinburgh ; Munn* and CRAISOCK, London ; and Jinn. Cumuli*, Dublin, THE TRAVELLER'S 'GUIDE Through SCOT LAND. Ninth Edition, Illustrated with Maps, Views, Stc. hc. with an Itinerary on a New Plan. Bound in ted, IS& -An ACCOUNT of the Principal PLEASURE TOURS in SCOTLAND, with Maps, Views, /cc. and an Itinerary. Bound in red, 9s. The principal TOURS in IRELAND, with an Itinerary, Etc. itc. half-hound, tOs. 6d. TRAVELLING MAPS of SCOTLAND, ENGLAND, and IRELAND. Two Sheets, 'flaunted, each 91. TRAVELLING MAPS of SCOTLAND, ENGLAND, Ind IRELA ND. One Sheet, moulted, earl Ss. • • These Travelling )laps may also be li;d printed en Linen. SORES, BURNS, SCALDS, WOUNDS, ULCERS, &e. MARSHALL'S UNIVERSAL CERATE,This Ceram will be found most efficacious in every kind of Wound, Sore, Scald, Burn, Bruise, Eruption, Ulcers of every de. ccfMination, especially Sore and Ulcerated Legs. which hate been, healed in so rapid c manner, that a new method of Cure bas been established usefid Preparation ; Sate Breasts, Inflammation of the Eyes. Scorbutic and Cancerous Tumours, Erysipelas or &. Acluny's. Fire, Ring Worm, Sore Throats, Chops, Chilblains, ace. Sold in boxes at Is. 1 ed. and 2s. 9d. by Messrs. Butler, Chemists, Chearide, minter of St. Paul's, London; Sackville.stree;Dublin ; Peimes.ereet, Edinburgh • Savory and Co. 136, New Bond-street ; rid the principal Medicin e Of whom any be bad BUTLER'S CAJEPUT OPODEL OC, strongly reconuoended for Chromic Rheumatism, Spas lodic Afeetioes, Palsy, Stiffness and Enlargement of the Joints, WILDS Rffin) 4r.c. In bottles at is. 14d. and2s. bd. • "•"---" PAIIIXAMENtIen PAPER. • Re Select Committal imprinted to inquire into the manner of g Utica* tilt Vineeition in the Schoob of Anatomy, itisti tot, Theltate of the Law affecting the Persons employed in ebtiikang or Amain Smiles; and to whonrseterat Tetitlond diseitsu remiewd at lonipsdioursta to the eskidrarbso of ofllittitomy wenrieferted ; and who were empowered tWreport the Minutes of Evidence taken before them ;—Have, pursuant to the Order of the House, etuntieet the matters to them referred, and lime to the fallowing Report i tb; &ma of yesterday.) Independently of the beatings of 'the question on theinterests 01 medical practitioners, and nivtlye health of the ciim munity, the sy stern 'pursued is prodbctive of Ateivevil, by training op' ie race of men in habits emi 'Andy Calculated tosfebase therri;snd to prepare them for the commission of violent and daring offences. The num- WO Orions who, irr London, leg ol arry- live bj raising boLlies, is stated by the two police officers examined b tore the Committee, not to exceed-ten; but the num ber of persons ncessibnally employed in the same ems- Ott* is stated by'the same witnesses to be nearly 200. Nearly-the whole of these individuals, as is adortted by the exhumators themselves who were examined befire the Cominittees'ore occupied also in thieving, and form the most desperate and abandoned class of the commu nity. If, witli a view to favour •anatomy, exhumation should be allowed to continue, it appears almost a nece's s'ary consequence that thieves also should be tolerated. It should seem useless. however, with a view to suppress exhumation, to endeavour to execute the existing- lases with increased severity, or to enact new and more rigo rous ones. The effect of interpreting and execut ng the liws with increasing rigour has been, net to suppress exhumation, but to.raise the price of bodies, and to in trease the number of collimators. So long as there is no legalised mode of supplying the dissecting schools, so hug she practice of disinterment will continue ; but if other measures were devised, which would legalise and insure a regular, plentiful, and cheap supply, the prac tice of disinterring bodies, and of receivingthein, would, of necessity, be entirely abandoned. Before adverting to those new methods far obtaining an adequate eupply of subjects; which have been sug gested by the witnesses who have been examined before the Committee, they will state in what manner, accord. ing to the evidence addoced,the schools of Anatomy at Paris are provided. Toey have also inquired into the practice of some other foreign schools, for an account of which they beg to refer to the evidence itself; and • : they; dwell upon the practice of the schools at Paris, E becauseit approaches most nearly to the plan recom- Melded by most of the witnesses for adoption in this country. The administration of all the hospitals at Paris, since the period of the Revolution, has been confided to a public board of management. The rule it the hospitals is, that every patient who dies shall be attsnded by a priest; and that; after the performance of the usual ceremonies of the Catholic Church, the body shall be, removed from.the chapel attached to the hospital to the dead room, and there .remain for twenty-four bows, 'examined sooner claimed by the relitivet. Bodies May be examined after death, by the - medical officers attached to an hOspitil, hi order to ascettain the douse of death, Sot may not - be dissected bythem. A body, if claimed by the triends after examination, is sewed up in a clean cloth before being delivered to them. If not claimed within twenty•four hours after death, after being en veloped in a cloth ib s skunk. ailialier, it 11 Mr, lathe oL. • . 7,1 •t iiiIIRSDAY AUGU ST -t828.: manner hereafter described, to one Of the dissecting, schools. These are no private dissecting schools at Paris, but two public ones ; that of the Ecole de he Medicine, and that adjoining the Hopital de la Pitie Theseate supplied exclusively from the different hos. pitals and firm the institutions ftrmaintaining paupers. the supply from certain of these establishmesus being appropriated to one school, and that flour the remain ing establishments to the other. The distribution of subjects to the two schools is con fided to a public officer, the Chef des travails Aosta snips's. He causes them to be conveyed from the hos pitals. at an early hour, in a covered carriage. so con structed as not to att , act notice, to a building at the schools, set apart for that purpose. They are then dis tributed by the prosecteurs to the students; and, after dissection, being again enveloped in cloth, are con veyed to the nearest place of interment. The students at the Ecale de la Medicine consist of young men who have distinguished themselves at a public examination, though the person at the head of the establishment is also allowed to admit pupils to dis sect. The school of la Pitie is open to students of all nations, who, on entering themselves, may be supplied with u many subjects as they require, at a price vary. inteceording to the state in which the body is, from three to twelve francs; priority of choice, however; being given to the eleves interne' of ,the different hos pitals, and the subjects being delivered to them at a ' reduced price. English surgeons were here permitted until lately, to engage private rooms for the purpose of lecturing on Anatomy to the students of their own na tion, and to supei intend their labours in the dissecting room. From the protection and facilities which have thus been afforded to the study of Anatomy at Paris, it bas become the resort t f -the medical students of all -na. dons ; the practice of exhumation is wholly unknown, and the feelings of the people appear not to.be violated. It is the opinion of almost all the witnesses, that the adoption in this country of a plan, :night- in most respects to that which prevails in France, would afford a simple and asitgilate temedy for the exiting evils.— They recommend that the bodies of those who during life have been maintained at the public chirge, and who die in workhouses, hospitals, and other charitable insti tutions, should, if not claimed by next of kin within a certain time after death, be given up, under proper 're gulations. to the anatomist; and some of the witnesses . would Extend the same rule to the unclaimed bodies of those who die in prisons, penitentiaries, and other places of confinement. In the hospitals which supply sub jects to the Anatomical schools of France and Italy, religious rites ate paid to the dead, before giving up the' bodies for dis.ection. Li the plan proposed for this country, most of the witnesses recommend that the per formance of religious rites should be deferred until after dissection, and they are anxit us that the Anatoroks. should be requis ed. under adequate securities, or a sys tern of effective superintendence, to cause to be adnsinis tered, at his own expense, to the bodies which he dis sects, - religious solemnities and the usual r itrs of burial. - The plan proposed has this essential circum-tance to recommend it-that provided it were carried in:o ef fect, it would yield a supply of subjects that, in Lan den at.least, mould be. adequate to the wants of the `uto;stonsist. The number of anatomical students resort ing annually tiLdodon, , and the number of subjects with which they ought-to be-supplied, have been already Committee from 127 ot theinrishrs *este in Liam, Wiatminater; . and Soistliwirk, or their immediate vici nity, that out of 3,744 persons who died in the work houses of these parishes in the year 1827, 3,103 were buried at the parish expense; and that of thevi l about 1,108 were rot attended to their graves by any rela tions. There are many parishes in and around London from which, at the time of making this Report, returns tad not been delivered - in but it may be inferred from those - returns which have been procured, that the supply to be obtained from this source alone, would be many times greater than that now obtained by disinter ment; that when added to the supply to be derived from those other sources which have been pointed out, it would be more than commensurate to the wants of the student, and consequently that the plan, if adopted, as meeting the exigencies of the care, would eventually be the means of suppressing the practice of exhumation. If it be an object deeply interesting to the.feelings of the community. that the remains of It tends and relations should rest undisturbed, that object can only be effectqd by Riving up tor dissection a certain portion of the whole, in order tr preserve the remainder from distur bance. Exhumation is condemned as seizing its objects indiscriminately ; as, in consequence, exciting appre hensions in the minds of the whole community, and as outraging in the highest degree, when discovered, the feelings cf relations. If selection .then be necessary. what bodies ought to be selected but the bodies of tho e who have either no known relations .whose feelings would be outraged, or such only as, by not claiming the body, would evince indifference on the subject of dissection? It may be argued, perhaps, that the prin ciple of selection, according to the plan proposed. is not just, as it svould.not affect, equally all classes of the pubtic ; since the bodies to be chosen would necessarily be those of the poor only. To this it may be replied— ! Ist, that even were the force of this objection to a cat rain degree admitted, yet that, to judge fairly of the plan, its inconveniences must be compared with those of the existing system.; which system, according to the evidence adduced, is liable in a great measure to the same objection, since the bodies eshurnated are princi piny those of the poor-2dly, that the evils of this, or of any other plan to be proposed on this subject, mnstbe judged of by the distress which it would occa sion to ttie feelings of surviving relstions; and the un fairness tri one or another class of the community, by the degree of distress inflicted on one class rather than another ; but where theie are no relations to iutf.r dis tress, there can be no inequality of suffering, and con sequently nesuufairness shown to . one class more than another. One or two of the witnesses, who appear to be either favourable, or not opposed to. the principle of the plan, speak with doubt of its success, as though it would be found impracticable to reconcile the public to its intro duction ;,- and one, in particular, apprehends that reli gious feelings may impede its Adoption. An objection tounded on religious feelings does not apply to the plan in question only, but Would be equally valid, generally, against all dissection whatsoever; and should lead those wbourgv iti couistestly with •their own pinciples o td) " .s .. eodeatier to put does altogether the study a practical, an atom Thengh it may be true that the public are, to a cer tain degree, averse to dissection, yet it is satisfactory to find freveril of the witne.ses adducing facts to prove: chit those feelings of aversion are on thiclecline. They state, that in those parish infirmaries where the bodies of . those who die are examined, as the practice has be come ctiosmon, it hat been viewed with less jealousy; that in those hospitals where a similar rule preveils., neither patients themselves are deterred from applying for admission, nor their relatives on their behalf; that the addition of public dissecting-rooms to hespitali has not produced any diminution in the number of appli c4tions for relief within the walls of those hospitals ; and that, by reasoning with the friends of those vain die, and by explaining to them how important it is to the art of healing that examination should take place af t ,o death, they may usually be brought to convent to the bodies of their friends being examined. Hence it is ingefelir, that in involving the subject of dissection in mystery, as has hitherto been the case, the public have bees treated injudiciously ; that with proper precautions and the light of public discussion to grade them,. they say W Lodi vw perceive the importance of the study generally, and the rerwonahlesiesa of the particular measure now contemplated, and that when they come in regard it as the means of suppressing exhumation, they will receive it with favour, and finally acquiesce in it. The legislative measure which most of the witnesses are desirous of, in order to enable them to carry the plan into effect; is the repeal of any existing law, which - would subject to penalties those who might be Con cerned in carrying the proposed plan into execution : they wish for an enactment, permissive and not manda tory, declarin'g that it shall not be deemed illegal for the governors orworkhouses, Sce. and for anatomists, the former to dispose of, the latter to receive and to dis. sect, the bodies of those dying in such workhouses, Ac. such bodies not having been claimed, within a time to be specified, by any immediate relations, and due pro vision being made ror the invariable performance of funeral rites. Some few of witnesses, indeed, who state that they wish 'for the success of the plan, contem plate any legislative interference whatever in this mat ter with apprehension ; but they do not appear to have been aware how nearly the cases decided by the courts, of Law, and already adverted to, would apply tis per sons engaged in executing the plan in question. In those casts, the bodies for the ton-burying of ivhichtlit di., fendants were severally convicted , were those of a pauper who died in a workhouse, and of a person who had suffered death as a felon. If these cases apply, as it appears they do, to persons engaged in giving up or in receiving, for other purposes that'tor. burial, the bodies of the inmates of wotkhouses or of prisons, such ini pediments to the success of the plan cannot lie re moved, as these witnessesthink they might be,. simply by the fivourable interfetenre of the Executive Govern ment, however disposed to shove, indulgence to eh/pro fession; but ao Act of the Legislature can alone pro. vide a remedy: Amongst the measures that hue been suggested for lessening tht dislike of the publieto diksectro7r, is that of repealing the clause of the Act of COG: IL which directs that the bodies of murderers shall be' give.n up tc., be aistomitrect..: It .Sppoarc from the ressis:4 al reaVid before the- House, Mat t as regards the direct op en of this clause, on the supply 'of subjects, the ;umbel which it yields to the anatomist is so small in compari son of his total wants, that the iticonienienCe which he would sustain from its repeal would he' Wholly unim- 1 portant. As to its remote oparatiouodmOst the whole of the witnesses examined before' the CoMmittee, and of thote WhOse written communications will be found in the Appendix, are of opinion, that the cl.ruse in' question, by attaching to dissection the mark r f igno miny, increases the dislike of the public to an a tomy, and they therefore are desirous that the clause should be repealed. The Committee would be very unwilling to interfere with any penal enactment which might have, or seem to have, a tendency to prevent the commission of atro cious crimes; but as it may be reasonably doubted whether the dread of dissection can be reckoned amongst the obstacles to the perpetration of such ciinses, and as it is manifest that the clause in que.,tion must , create a strong and mischievous prejudice against the practice of anatomy, the Committee think themselves justified in concluding, that more evil than good results from its continuance.. • • The Committee consider that they would imperfectly' discharge their duties, if they did not state their convic tion of the importance to the public in'erests of the subject of their inqUiries. As the members of the . pro- • fession are well educated, so is thrit ability increased to remove or alleviate" human suffering.-As the seitnce of anatomy has improved, many 0 ver idiom ,foimerly thought necessary have beeo 4together .dispensed mint of those retained have Inez modeled mote simol4 and many new ones have been peifoynied, to the.saving of the lives of patients, which were formerly thought' impossible. To neglect the practice of di ss e c tion, wou ld lead to the greatest aggravatiots of human misery; since anatomy, if not learned by.that practice, must.be learned by mangling thelivirig. Though ail.classes,are.deeply interested in affording protectioo.to the study rf ana tomy, yet the poor and middle classecare the.most•to; they will be the most benefited by promoting it, and tie principal sufferers by di scouragmg ..it.. The rich ! , when they require prOfessiottai .asAstmce, can afford to employ those who have acquiced,the reputation of pracl rising successfully.. It is on the poor that,rhe inexpe rienced corumence their practice,, *end ix is to the poor that the practice of the lowest Order. rf practitioners is confined.. It is, therefore, fqr . the interest,.ot the poor especially,..that professional education should be ren . dried cheap and of easy attainment; that. the lowest order of practitioners (which is the most numerous), and the students on their first entry into practice, may be Rlph' well instructed in the ditties of their profession. Such, on an attentive 'consideration of* the evidence adducted, is the deliberate judgment' of- the Committee on the matters submitted 4...sissail• and it now remain, for the House to consider whether it will .not. be expe dtettl:Xo:,iattoduee. in Ilse .couese of the ensuing *Wen, : ,tionsclagiolatiea me ll ow, which. may give.effect to the• fic° l4o o4 l 4i o JuAgataimi is the present Report. 1 tital Yely, lest- • 7 - 7 - • •• • • {RICE SzvEriporet. J. . . ' 7•• • BRAZIL. „ . . MT/17UL saw= Olt TUS &VESTS OP THE 9TU, 10Tif t ITH, OD 12TH, OW JUNE, 1824.- • A military mutiny, a. sudden insurrection of German 'end Irish troops, tupexpestedly mt. a gloom over the capital Of the Empire. and:spread through it. the great est. consterpation. . A furious_soldiery, losing all respect for . ,euthority and discipline,,delivered themselves up to; the most criminal exeessev, • Some ieffections upon the admission of foreign troops into site, service of. Brasil may not be improper. The *principle which guided our Government. arid was the consideration that. it was necessary to withdraw by the ie.- I nitiog . asfew timid* as possible fr,om agriculture in. rhe.centLal provinces,.and from commerce and 'menu actures .in the maritime cities. and to.supply a part of the men necessary' ter the different. military services by from. Europe, urbse' h would haveebesides, he effect of increasing at th e sa m e t i me t h e f ree an d white population in the centre of the eMpire,•where the slaves aim/1714'401S two-fold proportion—such were the powerful nn, tires for introducing inus Braiil natives. of Germaey and Ireland; and as these men were im ported at a great expense by the Government, it was but reasonable that , they.lhould compensate for that ex pense ..by a personal 'taroks durieg a limited' period, before they should be allowed to prosecute their labours and mechanical professions for themselves. The issue• duction andtho cultivation of, the arts of Europe—.the augmentation ofithe white, pcipulation, and the gradual emancipation of the empire from its dependence on Europe for articles of the first necessity—were benefits 'to be expected from this measure. • Having- to sustain an unfortunate war, it was natural that the Government should hesitate to discharge men whose period of service had scarcely expired'; and it was even dangerous to set free those most recently arrived, who had no knowledge of the language, and no means of living eveirfor tero days. Perhaps it will be said that it would have been better not to have ordered them to come to the city. If we considerthe fact„ we would 'answer in the alfima tire; but we would in. the first place observe, that the Government was deceived, and that public animadver sion would fall upon those intriguers who deceived' it,• and on the weak and imprudent Ministers who suffered themselves to be deceived. However, they had arrived, and the new Ministers were obliged to take the business on their shoulders. It cannot, then, be surprising that • in.the midst of the difficulties and circumstances which we have stated above, there should be some delay abd uncertainty as to what ought to be done., In this state of things, a deplorable accident, the mutiny of the'ld German battalion, took the Government by sorprisK The 2d battalion of German Grenadiers, quartered in the plain of St. Christoval, was in a state of discs:Watt in consequence of tome /*teaches of -faith; real or 'sup posed, by the Administration ;, or in consequesue of DO due severity on the part of the Mirka.; or• because, although the period for .which the men had been en gaged had expired, they were not discharged. • But the seeds of discontent would not have extoitled fuither than murmurs, or temporary disturbances. had not, a barbarous punishment. the justice of which is more than doubtful,- mil .med minds already prepared for violi ! iif e. by anterinr disgusts. •: •A' A German .soldier. the comrade of the - C rptsin'ti Engineers, Pedro..Pcaet at, architect to . 1.4 e Ersepertie 4 s; did not lift his cap ro ;an Ensign who , wet :sr: t int:ll)e round 'afte,c the Ave Maria. The Ensigp-oviiered-h* s etg,, and the soldier was neat .tfarkisstencl.4 to receive SOD.lashes; but Pedro Pezerat iweited On are Major to obtain the pardon of the soldier, whose 100. duct if PO to have been exemplary, and ss HO had never been puniybed since 'the battalion was forma' The. Major refitted him to the Ensign. *Van time the soldier was brought our from prison foe;•the execution of his sentence. The soldier refused td•Ain dress, loudly claiming to be brought before C Conk of Inquiry, and asserting that he was innocent, shit& affer sun-set military compliments ceased. The yesnit that he .was sentenced to five-fold punishment, on she ground that he was guilty of resistance. tlFotwehis moment no symptom of mutiny had shown' ihisiCia• he battalion. • ••• . • The execution of the sentence was proeetded With until 210 blows had been Riven, when a. Captain beg ged that the unhappy man might not be killed ;•and:at the same time Captain Pezerat arrived to supplicate pardon. The punishment was then stopped; burthe indignant soldiers broke out into loud eXclarnations l and ran to the Imperial residence. His Majesty refused to hear them, ordering it to be humanely commutticatetho them,that if they had any representation tl make r illby should.come two or three together, and not in Caoffele band, and that they might rely upon the upright' beak of his Majesty for justiceheing done them.. With this answer they.returned so their quartersi•shouting' ritilis for the ,lEmpeior, intermixed with complaints , against the Major and the Quitter Master, w hes' • erinteel6d tlwmselves; but the night passed over without until). parent disorder. • : , ..• :, .4 !I At nine o'clock next day the Fort M t ajor•lreetrtlro the barracks of the battalion in the holie•of trareqUil• lizing 'he men. Ther.required that CaPt. Pez:erar,Who, in consequence of a false charge if loving pervdiced the •mutiny, had•heen arrested and sent to the Isle 'of the Cobras, should be set at liberty.aid they besides ex plained to•him all their grounds of complaint. The Fort Major declared that his Majesty was ready to yield everything that via: just ; and in the S:st• place the re lease of Pezerat, who.was innocent; and that as .the Conned of State was•sitring p le,would go and give an account 'of what they had statefi. Up to this time the 'Mutiny had not presentedsany syioptOms of danger., f heehaw/Tor the Emperor were repeded.Thegoardswere purictualli relieved, and only impreciiien; and cries were heard against the Major and the Qpirter-master. Meanwhile, the return of the Fort Major was delayed, and Captain Pezerat, whose release required sonic legal toimalities, did not appear. At the same time some Irish soldiers from •the Campo d'Acelamacap arrived separately, and were joined by about thirty or forty more, who came in beats. These forious and desperate ruffians, who were already inazicated, Whined the Germans by their eociferations. J The **mutiny assumed a frightful aspect. The examination magazine was broken open; the nant:ny reached its height; the houses of the Major and the • Quatter-master were plundered. the Major fied..to the ptincipal police :guard f and on the morning of the 11th he was pursued by the Irish to the gates.of the arsenal. , He finally.took sheitekin the Isleof the Cobras. . At this period, the blind fury of the Williestootle