Star. — London, England, 1801-04-09 00:00:00

.57A7E PAPER. NOTE Cr THE SWEDISH MINISTER AARON D I EHRENS WARD, TO LORD HAWKESBURY. London, March 4, act. The J.Tnderfigned, Minifter Plenipotentiary of his Swedifh Majelly, has the honour to tranftni to his Excellency Lord Hawasssutv, principal Secretary of State to his Britannic Majefty, a printed copy, herewith enclofed, of the Maritime Convention concluded on the 16th of December, r Roo, betwixt his Swains it MAJESTY and his Majef tr the ErOxami of all the Russies • as alto a printed copy of the Maritime Code wh ich his Ma jetty has jutt publifbed. The Underfigned, who by order of his Court, has the honour to make this communication to the Minifter of his Britannic Welty, is at the fame time charged to declare exprefsly, that his Majef. tv, in explaining on the one hand the tights which the King thinks belongs to him as a neutral power, and in elabliihing on the other the d'ities which his Majefly as fuCh engages to make his fubjefts obferve, he expelled, by endeavouring to fortify the rights of Neutrality by a convention, to fe cure die tranquillity of his dominions, and was far from believing that he would provoke hoftili ties. The refpelt due to the law of Nations, at 4 to treaties, the molt ferupulsaus combination of his own interefis with thofe of others ; in a word, the love of juftice and of peace having been the foie guide of his Majefiy, it is with the utmoft furprize that his Majefty has jail learnt that the firft news of the conclufion of this Convention has been con fidered as a fufficient ground for a meafure no lets violent than that of the embargo laid upon Swedifh veffels. Far from withing to make any innova tion in the Maritime Law of Europe by the laws laid down by the neutrality, hisMayelly was aware that there was no power in Europe, which had not acknowledged them in Treaties previoully con- eluded. England has teen thefe Treaties conclu ded—fhe has been officially informed of them without ever entering any protelt ; the has feen the Convention of 1780 and 1781 ; and the fame Miniftry which now proceeds with fuch violence, obferved the partial renewal of this Convention be tween Sweden and Denmark in 1794, and the ar maments fitteenut in fupport of it the four follow ing years, without ever complaining of hofiilities; and neverthelefs a fimilar Convention is now cha rallerifedas an hollile confederacy againfi England. This difference is not occafioned by any change in the principles or pretenfions of neutrals, it appears founded upon a maritime fy item of England, ex tended during the prefent war ; and that this Go vernment, which has fo often willied to convince Europe of its pacific difpofitions, wifhes now to commence a war for the purpofe of enflaving the Peas, after having fo often boated of having car ried it on for the liberty of Europe. If the Britifh Minifter will reflect upon the con- ' dud of England to Sweden, and Neutral Powers in general, during this war, he will dikover the true motive which has induced his Majefty ; that the formal adherence of feveral Powers to the fame principles mull more effellually convince the Court T ,nann of their validity, than feparate remon ftrances which have hitherto been difregarded, without fuppofing for a moment that fuch a con federation fhould be conlidered as an all of hoftili ty. The Britifh Minister complains that the Court of London has not been informed of the intentions of the re:pedive Courts to renew the Convention of 1780 ; but in the fame Note he confeffes that England had, this war, entered into engagements with her allies againa Neutrals, and this confellion of the Britifh Minifter ferves as an anfwer to his charge. If his Majefty were not as firmly convihced of the innocence of his intentions, as he is anxious to preferve the moderation which he has conftantly teftified, he might enumerate, in complaining of the conduit of England, the offences committed with impunity by Commanders of En gin !hips in the very ports of Sweden ; the inquifitorial inter rogatories undergone by the captains and crews of velfels detained both in the Welt Indies and in England ; the detention of convoys in the year 1798, together with the miferable chicane of the Courts, equivalent to an abfidute denial of juflice • finally, the violation of the Swedifh flag in the af fair of Barcelona. His Majefty would no doubt find in fuch grievous offences, and which notwith (landing fucceflive reprefentations to the Brig& Court, remain unredrefred, a juttification for kis conduit, of which, from its retaitude, it does not Rand in need. His Majefty wifhes to fecure to his flag that fecurity to which it has a right to pretend. It is in confequcnce of thefe . fentnnenu that the Underfigned is authorifed to declare, that as loon as the Britifh Court thall thew a due ref - pea to the rights of Sweden, by doing her julliee with regard to the convoys flopped in England, and the viola tion of her flag at Barcelona, and above all, by taking off the embargo fo unjuftly laid upon the Swan velfels, his Majefty will with the greatefl pleafure fee himfeif in a fituation to re-open his ports to the commerce of England, and to re-ella blifh the ancient relations between the two nations. His Majefiy, however, having a r egar d to w h at he confiders the dignity of his empire, in co quence of the embargo laid upon t h e wedifts va lets, has ordered a fimilar embargo to be laid upon the Englifh velfels in the ports of Sweden. Having fltevm to demonftration the innocence of the Convention, his Majefly looks upon it as improper to enter into any difctiffion upon the fub jell of the accidental difference which has taken place between his Ally the Estrzaoa of Russia and the Court of London ; the very aft of the Convention thews, that there is no queftion, unlefs, concerning the rights of neutrality, and jtat it is feparated by its very nature from every other con uoverfy. The undeffigned Minifter Plenipotentiary of his Swedifh Majelty, in recommending the contents of this Note to the ferious confideration of the Mini fter of his BRITANNIC MAJESTY, has the honour to requeft his Excellency my L ord Hawassauav, to procure the Underfigned an anfwer, which he ,:arnettly wallet may be conformable to the views T .. _ of the King, his Mafter. His Majefty 'having or doted the Uuderligned to repair near his perfon, the conciliatory mil Eon with which he was charged hiving proved unfuccefsful, he has judged that - his prefence at the Court of London would in the mean time be ufelefs. The Underfignt.d has the honour to - 21111re his Excellency Lord HAWICESSURY of his moll high confideration. (Signed) Baron d'Em as siva e.n. THE FOLLOWING IS THE REPLY OP LORD MANTLES- BURT TO TN! ABOVE. Downintftreet, Mardi 6, doz. The Underfigned, his Majay's Principal Secre tary of State for Foreign Affairs, has the honour hereby to acknowledge the receipt of the Note figned by Baron EISZENSWARD, Minifler Plenipo tentiary of his SWEDISH MAJESTY, dated the 4th March. His Majefly has already repeatedly com municated his firm and unalterable determination to maintain the exifting principles of Maritime Law which have been eltablithed by the experience of ages, and are bell calculated both to promote the fficurity of the jolt rights and interefts, as well of Neutral as of Belligerent Powers. The explanations which have been attempted to be given of the prefent Convention, have not in the lealt weakened the impreflion which the firft peru fal of it produced ; namely, that the views and motives of the Contrafting Parties were hoflile to wards his /dajefty's dominions, and this impreffion is completely confirmed by obferving, that the Northern Powers have recurred to the principles of the Convention of 1780, at a time when the circumitances of the war, and the refpthive fitua tion of the naval force of the Belligerent Powers, muff turn that which, at the former period, was reprefented as a meafure of common justice againft all nations, into an instrument of exclufive injury to Great Britain. Under thefe circumflances, the embargo laid on Swedilh veffels can be confidered in no other light than as a meafure of juft and necefFary prudence, which cannot be recalled, while the Court of Stockholm continues to form part of a Confe deracy, the objeft of which is to force upon his Majefly a new fyftem of maritime law, which is incompatible with the dignity of his Crown, and the rights and interefts of his people. The Underfigned requefts Baron Vox EHRFMS WARD, to accept the affurance of his high confide. ration. (Signed) HAWKESBURY. DENMARK. COPENHAGEN, MARCH 24. This moment (feven in the evening) the wind has fhifted into the North-weft, and is favourable for palling the Sound.—lt is thought the Englifh fleet will pars to-morrow, and important events may be expeeted.—Three officers and too artillery men arc fent to Cronenberg. All the lighthoufes in the North Sea are extinguifhed. Our ramparts are mounted with cannon, and the buoys taken out of the road. The Royal refidence being too near the points of defence, the family will remove to Rofenhourg. The news of 12 Ruffian ihips of the line appearing in our neighbourhood is not confirmed. A number of troops have been fent to Omach. MARCH 28.—The Englifh fleet in the North Sea has been reinforced by feveral !hips of war and tranfports ; and the whole now amounts to 5o fail. Sometimes a Tingle chiloupe comes dole to the (here at Gilleleye and Hornbeck, to buy pro. vifions. An Englifh tranfport, with a quantity of powder and bombs; and an Englilh cutter-brig, have been brought into Gothenburg. The greateft willingnefs prevails amnngft th Danifh fubjefts, and the inhabitants of this capital to come forth for the defence of their country. The Students of our Univeriity have erpreffed a with to afford their ailitlance ; and our belove. Prince has thanked them for their generous offer : and informed them in his addrefs, that the King, his father, has accepted their fervices. The Kink: has direEled that tilde young Gentlemen (ball be furnithed with arms, that they lhall foam a difiin(' corps, whole duty than be the defence of the cis} and that the corps (hall be called the Hereditar. Prince's Body Guard. Their colours (hall have this infcription—a The Lovers of Science : for di,. King and the City." A 'volunteer corps of chat fours has alfo been formed, which will be com manded by the Chamberlain of Holilein. Th Merchants of this place have fubfcribed 4155i's dollars for promoting the defence of the country. ANOTHER LETTER, SAME DAM The Enghilt who lauded at Gilleleye and Horn beck for frelh water, behaved themfelves in an or derly and decent manner.—As they have not yet 'attempted to pals the Sound, our works of defence will be put into the Ino( perk& Rate. We are affured that the Danifh merchant (hips failing from and to the Sound, are fuffered to pafs freely through the Englifh fleet. ELSINEUR, MARCH a 6. The Ruffian fleet from Revel is loon expetted in the Read of Copenhagen. The day before yeflerday de Englilk fleet weighed anchor, failed towards the Welt, but returned in the evening ; and now lies fomewhat nearer to Elfineur, about three miles and a half from her e . Th e Beet was manoeuvring the whole of yefterday, and late in the evening was under fail. The Englith, how ever, are badly off; nature itfelf APPears to be againft their plan; for the four laa.days the wind has been foutherly. We hare heard a cannonade from the Road of Copenhagen. MARCH 29.—Although the wind blew hard from the North Weft during the whole of the 24th inftant, and confequently was favourable for the Englifli, if they winked to pats the Sound, yet they remained where they were. The circum. fiance of their not having availed thentfelves of this wind, caufes fosse to think, that they are waiting either for new orders or reinforcements from England. Perhaps they did not expeft that the lafi slifpatches from England would be re. ceived by our.Z.crrernment In the manner they were. Tbe lots of the Inv:aria:A which bad on hoard a great quantity of (totes, has aifo been feh b 7 them. SWEDEN, STOCKHOLM, MARCH zo. The Prof, accompanied by fnow and rain, which we had for Tome days pall, has fomewhat retard. ed the work in our dock-yards ; but the fquadron of the Bret of the Sheers, fitted out here, has ne verthelefs been Rationed in our roads for the great er part. This conflderable fquadron, under the command of Counter-Admiral ROSENSTEIN, con fifts of so fail, and forms two divifions. The ar mament is compofed of gun-!loops, barcafres, and bomb-yeah ; the former carrying 36. pounders. The troops are to embark on the Bth of April.— This fquadron is to be ftationed in the Sound, between Kullen and the ifland of Hveen. GOTHENBURG, MARCH 2!. The Englifh fleet, of which report had fpoken for Tome time, has as length been feen yefterday afternoon, a league N. Vt , '. round the Wingo- Backe. It appears to confift of about so or 6o fail, of which 20 are latge fail of the line, (leers S. WV. with an unfavourable wind, and is proba bly bound for the Sound, where it will find every thing ready for its reception. All the fortrelles of the wellent coaft are in the bell (late of defence.' Baron Weror, the Commander in Chief of this place, has 17 battalions of picked men in readi nefs, eTcluftve of cavalry and huffars, to enter here as fOuu as k tball be neCelrary. This day his Majeay will infpeel the fortrefs of Carlften and Marffrand. A veffel laden with ammunition, belonging to the Englith fleet, that had ventured too far into our Sheers, has been detained by Tome Swedifh pilots, and carried into MaTftand. HEI.SINGBORG, MARCH 24. His MAJESTY left Gothenburg on the 22d intl. in the afternoon, and arrived here laft night. The Englifh fleet is before the Sound, which it has not yet attempted to pats ; neither does it communi cate with the Swedifh coaft. The coaft of Scandia is defended by a numerous force, under the com mand of the Governor-General Baron Tort, con fining of 4 battalions of Cuiraffiers, i regiment of Hurars, 9 battalions of Infantry, 2 of Artillery, &c. This afternoon we received intelligence that, during a thick fog, an Englifh brig had - got under the g uns of the fortrefs of Warburg, whether the had been carried, and manned with Swedes.-- 1 , This brig carries two 24 -pounders, and ten 18 pounders, and may be confidered as a full indemni fication for the frigate Ulla Terfen, which was nei ther built nor equipped fo well. His MAJESTY has fent the Adjutant-General of the Fleets, Counter- Admiral CRONSTADT, to Copenhagen, to concert with the Danith Government the means of defence, in cafe of an attack. This Admiral pallid the Sound this morning. GERmAmr. HAMBURGH, MARCH 3t. In my laft I informed you, that quarters had been ordered for Pruffian troops, in the environs 'of this city, and that fome of them had aCtually advanced to a village in this neighbourhood. The former part of this information was well founded, but the latter, that the troops had ailually ap proached this city, proves to have been one of the numerous falfe reports that are now daily circulat ing at this eventful crifis. On Saturday, fome hopes having been entertained, that the above meafure would not be carried into execution, the public mind had become calmer, when, in the afternoon, it was fuddenly reported, that a confiderable corps I Danifh troops was approaching to take pail ion of Harnburgh. The gates of the city were immediately (hut, but palrengers and carriages 'rem fuffered to come in and go out. The Senate met about five o'clock in the afternoon, to confider ....hat (Lep (alight to be purfued, and continued fit during the night, till one o'clock on Sunday afternoon. Late on Sunday night, the Senate re bleed to fairer the Danes to enter the city, a mu.- lire which railed the alrocift general • indignation -f the inhabitants, who ardently wifhed to defend heir city againit the invaders, which, it is gene rally believed, they would have cffeFled. On Sun lay morning carly, the Danifit gun-boats, which !lad been Rat ioned at Altona for fome time, re :loved to our harbour, and a numerous corps of a:with troops, infantry and cavalry, with a large rain of artillery, appeared before the gate leading Altona, which, atter a fummons, was opened .o them, and, to the general confternation of the inhabitants, about 4000 men entered the city, where they Rill remain, having taken poreffion of 'the ramparts and principal gates, but without in terfering in the civil adminiftration. It is much feared to be their intention to-fequefter all Englifh property in this city, which has, how ever , not yet taken place, and hopes are entertained, that a con fiderable part has been conveyed t o places of greater fafety, fince Sunday lait. The Senate- Houfe, Bank, and other public .buildings, are guarded by citizens, and the public traaquilliry has not been dihurbed. Whether this meafure has taken place with or without the 'confent of the JUNG of PRUSSIA, I have not been able to learn with any degree of certainty, but the latter teems to be the more general opinion, as the 'Ciao of PRUISI• is the proteCtor of Hamburgh, and in that capacity, would not Coffer any troops but his own to enter this city, if the political fituation of the North should render fuch a ftep neceffary. The following official article has made its ap pearance in our public prints of this day N. 14 On the 24th intl. the Deputy from the city of Ham burgh at Berlin, fent the anespeeted intelligence, that his Majefly the Kiwo of Pauss La had caufed information to be given to him, that olitical eon fiderations rendered it abfolutely neceWary fora part tithe territory . of the city being occupied by the troops of his winarrir, which would short ly be effeeted. Tranquillizing as were the affurances, which his MAJESTY was pleated at the fame time to give to the Hamburgh Deputy, that the indepen dence of this city thould be preterved, it s commerce and trade probated, and the burthen attending fuch occupation rendered as ears. as pofiible, yet the inconveniences and difa vantnge (pa t t ic u i a , li for a State whofe fete refource is commerce), in: parable from Rich a Rep, were too great, that the Senate Mould not have deemed it their duty ime ): , diately to make the molt urgent remonfirancei to the Court of Pruffia. Our hopes, that there re p s„ f c en r ta eaf tio c i d l : might perhaps 26th inll. the H am b urg!: (kill be lifl e n e d to, were ittcreafed, in Deputy informed us, 'under the ftrongeft and neift tranquillizing affurances, which had again beer: made to him with refped to the °bird tithis tn ca . fure, that its execution feerned as yet to be at font , . diftance. The more we were connoted by the above intelligence, the greater was our confternatim, i when on the 28th, the Senate were t:fault:4 that his Highnefs the Prince C H AR L ES of I 12 SUE intended to take poffeffion of the city, with the Danilh troop, under his command in our neighbourhood. D e . puties were immediately fent to his I lighncfs :it Pinneberg, to make the molt urgent rerno:'.ai.i,,i againft a Rep fo little expeEled, and announced in a manner which gave rife to great apprehenflon. However, our remonftrances were in vain, and Deputies Rated on their return, that his I4ime.. had declared to them in the moil politive manner, that the next morning lie fhould be before the cite, fummon it, and, in cafe of refiftance, apply forc . e. With rcfpeet to the object of this rneafure, he, at the fame time, gave the tranquillizing affurance, that we had nothing to apprehend for our indepei k deuce ; that neither our Conftitution nor our pro. perty would be violated in the leaft ; that the ix. cupation of the gates and ramparts would be deem. ed fufficient, and that no troops fhould he quarter. ed in the city. In this urgent fituatinn, the Senate called a meeting of the citizens, in the fame night, when it was nnanimoufly refol ve d to g i ve way to force, in order to avoid a great er ca l am i ty. Upon this, at eight o'clock on Sunday morning, a bum mons having been made, and his Highnefs having folemnly repeated, to the Deputies fent to met: him, the above tranquillizing affurances, the gate called the Millermthor, and a part of our fortifi cations were taken poffeffion of by a corps of Da nifh troops, without the public tranquillity being in the leaft difturbed." Early on Sunday morning, the following Pro. clamation had been publifhed: 46 The prefent fituation of political circumftances having caufed an unavoidable approach of Royal Danifh troops, from which, however, no appre. henfions need be entertained for the liberty and in dependence cf the city, its property and tranquil. lity, a High Noble Senate admonilhes all citizens and inhabitants (in reliance on its moll vigorous interceflion, and on the meafures taken by the Se nate, with the affiltance of the civil colleges, for the good and the alleviation of the city), to remain tranquil and obedient, and particularly to beave civilly and peaceably towards th e foreign trhops, and thus to diminifh the general calamities, which otherwife might befall the mconfiderate and obfi uate, or perhaps even the city. "Done in the affunbly of oar Senate, the 29th of Mario.' Aram t.—The following Manila° will firm to throw further light on the article of which we gave an account yellerday, relative to the occupa tion of the Free and Imperial City of Hamburgh by a body of Dann troops, under the command of his Highnefs Field Martha) Prince CHAILES, Landgrave of Here. By the eiprefs command of his Majeßy the KING of Disx*aa and NONWAY, it is hereby de clared : " The attacks made by the Englifh Govern- ment, in apparition to all the principles of the laws of nations, againit the navigation and trade of thofe Powers that have confederated tooltc: for the pnrpofe of fecuring and maintaining the rights of neutral flags ; and the arbitrary and powerful meafures adopted by that Government, notwithflanding the molt prcffing and continued remonflrances ; have impaled on thefe Powers the difagreeable neceffity of taking every previcais licp that may ferve to bring the (aid Government to a more juil way of thinking. As the exclufion of the Englifh navigation and trade from the Elbe, muff be an effaionl means of promoting this objeet ; and, as the prof feffion, for a time, of the Imperial City of Ham burgh has beat conftdered as unavoidably neceifary lot that purpofe, his DANISH MAJESTY, unwilling AS he is to adopt a meafure of this kind, has been obliged to give way to a crowd of imperious dr. Cumilances ; and confegnently has charged me to carry the meafure into execution with the troops under my command. " Conformably to the pofitive orders enjoined me, I will moll vigilantly take care, that the aria& difciplinc (hall be obfervcd by the troops that enter the city, while they remain there; and that the tranquillity, the property, and municipal rights of the inhabitants (hall not only be undifturbed and unmoleited, but that the fame (hall be moll carefully preferved and guarded for them. I ex pea, therefore, that all perfons !tall condua them felves peaceably and friendly towards the Royal troops commanded by me ; and that nobody than find fault with that neeerary feverity which mutt be put in force in cafe of a contrary behaviour. " CHARLES, panics OF HESiE. "Pinneberl, March al, doz." The whole corps which has advanced into Hol nein, under the command of Prince C s of Ham Cassat., and of which the troops that have arrived here form a pan, is faid to amount to 12,000 men. Among other reports'at prefent in circulation here, it was faid this day, that a detachment of Danifh troops had taken poffelfion of Lubeck, and a detachment of PrufSans of Bremen, but that both cities had made tome refinance. Several popular tongs are Lung every evening at the Theatre in Copenhagen. relative to the prdent eircumflances, and eakulated to route the zeal of the People in behalf of their Country and Govern ment. :he It is now confidently reported, that the Eons !Oß of Russia is difatisfied with the tinaty of Ltt sieving. The lateft Petertburgh Court Gazette gives the courfe of exchange on Arnfterdarn. Ham' burgh, and Vienna, but sot as it bad done for tome time, that on Pasts. ea an 631 thi