Star. — London, England, 1805-04-16 00:00:00

them to exercife their reafon, follow its diEhtesi and change their putfuits with the change of kireoll• (lances, have powerful obtlacles to encounter. are combated by the habits of their bodies, prej of their minds, ignorance, pride, and in the infltienCo of interetted and crafty individuals among them, who feel thetnfelves fomething in the prefent order of things, and fear to become nothin& in any other. —Thefe perfons inculcate a fanetmonious rever ence for the cufloms of their anceflors ; that what ever they did mita be done through all time that reafon is a Life guide, and to advance under its counfel in their phylical, moral. or political condition, is perilous itinovation : that their duty is to remain as their Ca tarot made them, igno ranee being fafety. and knowledge full of danger. P In Quirt, my ft lends, among them alto is feen the ac• tion and counter-anion of good fenfe and of bigotry. They too have their anti-philorophifts, who find an intereit in keeping things in their prefent Rate; who dread reformation, and exert all their faculties to ' , maintain the afcendancy of habit over the duty of im proving our reafon and obeying its mandates. " In giving thefe outlines. I do not wean, fellow. citizens, to arrogaie to myfelf the merit of meafures. That is due, in the fir({ place, to the reflecting cha racter of our citizens at large, who, by the weight of public opinion, influence and (trengthen the public meafures. It is due to the found difcretion with which they fele& from among . themfelves thole to whom they confide the Legiflat ive duties. It is due to the zeal and wifdom of the characters thus felec ted, who lay the foundation of public happinefs in wholefome laws, the execution of which alone re mains for others : and it is due to the able and faith ful auxiliaries, whore patriotifm has affociated them with me in the exec' Aire funaions. " During this courle of adminittration, and in or. der to didurb it, the artillery of the prefs has been levelled againd us, charged with whatever its been tioufnefs could devife or dare. Theft abufes of an inai -tution Co important to freedom and (deuce, are deep ly to be regretted, inafmuch as they tend to leffen its ufefulnefi, and to Cap its &fey. They might per haps have been correfted by the wholefome ments refereed to, and provided by the laws of the feveral RAMS againfi fallehood and defamation. But public duties more urgent prefs on the time of pub lic fervants, and the offenders have therefore been left to find their punilbment in the public indignation. 6 6 Nor was it uninterefiing to the world that an ex- periment fhould be fairly and fully made, whether freedom of difcuilion, unaided by power, is'not fuffi cient for the propagation and preteftion of truth ? Whether a Government, conducing itfelf in the trite fpirit of its conflitution, with zeal and purity, and do. ing no aft which it would be unwilling the whole wotldfhould witnefs, can be written down by &Ire. hood and defamation ? The experiment bas been tried. You have witneffed the fcene. Our fellow citizens have looked on cool and collated. They faw the latent fource from which there outrages pro ceeded. They gathered around their public fundion aries ; and when the confiitotion called th;:m to the decifien by fuffrage, they pronounced their verdid, honourable to thole who had ferved them, and con folotary to the friend of man, who believes be may be entruited with the controul of his own affairs. " No inference is here intended that the laws pro- vided by the Rates againd falfe and defamatory pub lications Would not be enforced. He who has time renders a fervice to the public morals and' public tranquillity, in reforming thefe abufes by the falutary coercions of the law. But the experiment is noted to prove that, time truth and reafon have maintained their ground againft falfe opinions in league with falfe fags, the prefs, confined to truth, needs no other legal reftraint. The public judgment will corral falfe reafonings and opinions, on a full hearing of all parties, and no other definite line can be drawn be tween the inettimable liberty of the prefs, and its de moralizing licentioufnefs. If there be (lilt impro prieties which this rule would not reftrain, fup plement mud be fought in the cenforthip of public opinion. • • " Contemplating the union of fentiment now mani fefted generally, as arguing harmony and happi. ads to our future courts, 1 offer to our country lin eere congratulations. With thofe too not yet rallied to the fame point, the difpolitiOn to do fo is gaining Rrength. faith are piercing through the veil drawn over them ; and our doubting brethren will at length fee that the mats of their fellow 'citizens, with whom ' they cannot yet refolve to at, as to , principles and meafures, think as they think, and defire what they delire. That our with as well as theirs, is that the public efforts may be dirtfted 'mealy to the public good, that peace be cultivated, civil and religious li betty unaffailed, law and order preferved, equality of rights maintained, and that date of property, equal or unequal, which refolt to every man from his own inclullry or that of his fathers. When (atisfied of thefe views, it is not in human nature that they Would not approve and fupport them. In the mean time let us cherifh them with patient affettion. Let us do them juftice, and more than jußice, in all competitions of intereft ; and we need not doubt that truth, rea fon; and their own interefts, will at length prevail ; will gather them into the fold of their country, and will complete that entire union of opinion, which gives to a nation the bleffings of harmony, and the lxencfit of all its firength. " I Wall now enter on the daties to which my fel lovicitizens have again called me : and thall proceed in the fpirit of thole principles 'which they have approved. I fear not that any motives of iptered may lead me affray ; I aro (enable of no paffion which would (educe me knowingly from the path of juflice; but the weaknefs of human nature, and the Unfits of my own underftanding, will produce errors of judgment fometitnes injurious to your interefts.— I Wail need, therefore, all the indulgence I have heretofore experienced ; the want of it certainly will set Wren with intreefing years. I (tall need too the favour of that • Bs,ao in whole hands we are, who led our fathers, at 'lfrael of old, from their native ' laid, and.planted them in a country flowing with a 1 the neteffaries and comforts of life; who has cover ed our infancy with his providence, and our riper years with his witilom and his power-; and to whole goodnefs F ant you to join with me in (applications, that he will fo enlighten the minds of your fer wants, guide their councils, and profper their tneafures, that whatfoever they do Ihall refult in your good,and fecure to you the peace, frienilhip, and approbation of all nations. TKOMLS , j PM% ION." _ This day was poi:Weed, price as. 13 . GGESTIONS for the IMPROVEMENT of 160 the MILL rARY FORCE of the BRITISH EMPIRE. By the Hoe. Brigadier General sTEWART, M.P. Printed for Thomas Egerton. Military Library, Whitehall. AMERICA. THE PRESIDENT'S SPEECH. WASIMIGTON, MARC MI 4.—This day at 12 o'clock, 'Noma' Jerrrason, Prefident of the United State took the oath of office ; and delivered the following inaugural fpeech, in the Senate Chamber, in the ; pretence of the Members of the two Houle:, and a large concourfe of citizens: PrOceeding, fellow citizens, to that qualification which the conaitution requires, before my entrance on the charge again conferred on me, it is my duty to exprefs the deep fenfe I entertain of this new proof of confidence from my fellow-citizens at large, and the zeal with which it infpires me fo to condo& my- (elf as may belt fatisfy their jolt expeSatione " On taking this Ration on a former occafion, I • declared the principles on which I •believed it my duty to adminifter the affairs of our commonwealth. My confcience tells me that I have on every occa- fion ailed up to that declaration according to its obvious import, and according to the underttanding of every candid mind. 44 In the tranfaaion of your foreign affairs, we have endeavoured to cultivate the friendfhip of all nations, and efpecially of thofe with which we have the moll important relations. We have done them jultice on all occalions, favour where favour was law- ' fat and cherifhed mutual intereßs and intercourfe on fair and equal terms ; we are firmly convinced, and we a& on that conviCtion; that with nations as with individuals, our interefts, foundly calculated, will ever be found infeparable from our moral duties.— And hißory bears witnefs to the fad, that a jug na lion is trolled on its word, when recourfe is had to armaments and wars to bridle others. 44 At home, fellow-citizens, you bell know whe- ther we have done well or ill. The fuppreffion of unneceffary offices, of ufelefs eftablifliments and ex- races, enabled us to discontinue our internal taxes. hefe, covering our land with officers, and opening ear doors to their inoulions, had already begun that procefs of domiciliary vexation, which, once enter- tained, is fcarcely to be retrained from reaching fucceffively every article of produce and of proper- , ty. If among there taxes Come minor ones fell, which had not been inconvenient, it was becaufe their amount would not haw paid the officers who colleted them, and becaufe if they had any merit, the Rate authorities might adopt them intend of others his approved. 46 The remaining 'revenue on the confumption of foreign articles, is paid chiefly by thole who can af- ford to add foreign luxuries to domellic comforts.— Being colleted on our lea-board and frontiers only, and incorporated with the tranfadions of our mer- cantile citizens, it may be the pleafure and the pride of an American to ark, what farmer, what mecha- nic, what labourer, ever fees a tax-gatherer of the United States ? Thefe contributions enable us to fup- port the current expences of the government, to ful- fil contras with foreign nations, to cxtinguifh the native right of foil within our limits, to extend thole limits, and to apply fuch a furplus to our public debts, as places at a fhort day their final redemption, and that redemption once effeeed, the revenue thereby liberated, may by a jut repartition among the Rates, and a correfponding amendment of the conßitution, be applied, in time of peace, to rivers, canals, roads, arts, manufaCtures, education, and other great objets within each Rate. In time of war, if injoilice by outfelves or others mutt Come- times produce war, increafed as the fame revenue . will be by increafed population and confumption, and aided by other refources referved for that crifis, it may meet within the year all the expences of the • year,' without encroaching on the rights of future generations, by burthening them with the debts of the pall. War will then be but a fufpenfion of ofe- fel works, and a return to a Rate of peace, a return to the progrefs of improvement. 6' I have (aid, fellow-citizens, that the income re- ferved bad enabled us to extend our limits ; but that mention may poffibly pay for itfelf before we are called on, and in the mean time may keep down-the accruing intereft. In all events it will replace the ad- !Fences we (hall have made. I know that the acqui- fition of Louifiana has been difapproved by Tome„ from a candid apprehenfion that the enlargement of our territory may endanger its union ; but who can limit the extent to which the federative principle may operate effeitively ? The larger our affociation, the lefs will it be Waken by local paffions, and in any view is is not better that the oppofite bank of the .• Miffiffippi Would be fettled by our own brethren and children, than by Rrangers of anothir family ? With which !ball we be mot likely-to live in harmony and friendly interconrfe ? • " In Matters of religion I have confidered that its free exercife is placed by the conflitution, indepen- dent of the powers of the general government. I have therefore undertaken, on no occafion, to pre- , fcribe the religious exercifes fuited to it ; but have left them as the conititution found them, under the direition or difcipline of the Rate or church authori- ties acknowledged by the revere) religious focieties. 44 The aboriginal inhabitants of thefe countries I have regarded with the couirnifferation their hittory infpires. Endowed with the faculties and the rights 1-:* Men, breathing air ardent love of liberty and in- Je j ieodence, and occupying a country which left them no defile but to be undifturbed, the beam of overflowing population from other regions directed Vett . on there (bores. Without power to divert, or habits to contend againfl it, they have been over- whelmed by the current, or driven before it.. Now seduced within limits too narrow for the hunter flare, humanity enjoins us to teach them agriculture and the domellic arts; to encourage them to that indef. try which alone can enable them to maintain their place is ezißence, and to prepare them in time for that Rate of fociety, which, to bodily comforts, adds the improvement of the mind and morals.: Wehave therefore liberally furniflsed them with• the imple- ments of hufbandry and houfehold ufe we have placed among them inaruaors in the arts of flit ne- cellity ; and they are covered with the ogis of the law again!! aggrefors from among ourfelves. 66 But the endeavours to enlighten them on the fate which awaits their mica mire of life, to induce FRIIVCIc. PARIS, APRIL 6. .• Mcnitnar of this day, in one of its ankle , from Hamburgh, continues to fpeak in the ufual tone of the King of Sweden; reminding him, amonglt other things, that he very inconfiderately threatens Pruffia (which has always, like France, been at peace with Swedes) with a Ruf f ian army, and making him fenfible that Ruffia, always a dangerous neighbour to Sweden, on account of Finland, has fo lately borne arms againtt her. What is moft remarkable in all this is, that Ruffia is continually reprefented as a monarchy which is dangerous to her weaker neigh bours; with which reprefentation it is difficult to re concile the defired and !wafted approximations to wards an adjuftment Of the differences which have arifcn between that empire and France. APRIL 7. The Emperor, previous,to his departure to Italy, confided the direaum of the ordinary adminiftrAtion, during bis abfence, to the Arch-Chancellor of the Empire, CAMSACsays. His Majefly, neverthelefs, continues, as in his former journie b , to a ttend t o the duties of Government. Their Maleßies arrived at Troyes, on the ad init. at four o'clock in the afternoon. They left Fontain bleau at fix in the morning of that day. The follow ing is an abitraft of the bulletins which have appear ed in the official Journal : " The Guard of Honour compofed of the princi pal inhabitants of Troyes, headed by the General of Artillery MOLSID, efcorted their Majefiies to their palace, on their arrival at Troyes. The areas through which they paired, were ornamented with triumphal arches, columns, and infcriptions. In the evening the city was illuminated. The moment the Emperor got out of his carriage, he went to his clofet, ' where he remained till the evening, engaged with the Minifter of the Interior, and the Engineer of the bridges and highways. On the following morning, at five o'clock, he mounted his bode, and rutted the city and ramparts; he followed the coutfe of the River, admiring the diftribution of the waters of the Seine, which wonderful work was finifhed under the former Counts of Champagne. His Maj eQy after terwards, accompanied by the Minifler of the Interior, infperfted the produaions of the city, and on his re turn to the palace received all the conflituted autho rities. At two in the afternoon he fet out for Brienne, where he received all poffible honours. He flept there,, and came back to Troyes on the 4th, where their Makfties honoured with their p;efence an enter tainment given at the Hotel de Ville, After hearing mars, at fix in the morning of the Sib, in the Cathedral of Troyes, they continued their journey to Semur." The Monster alfo mentions the farewell vilit paid by the Pope to their Imperial Majeßies, and retwn ed by them on the sr ft of March ; as well as the Holy Father's departure from Paris, on the 4th of this month. His Hanes quitted the Thuilleries and Paris, between ttvelve and one on that day, with the Prelates and perfons in his hake, amidft a great concourfe of people who bad afembled to receive his bleffing. Before his departure. he received feveral magnificent prefents from the Emperor, particularly a tiara. His Majeffy alfo prefented hit portrait fit in diamonds, to each of the Cardinals who attended the Pope to France. His Holineh is accompanied home by M. ne &mope, Chamberlain to the Em peror,, and M. pi/Rosati., his Efquire, who have, at the requeft of the Cardinal Legate, received per miffion to male what flay at Rome they think pro per. His Holinefs's eguipa*e confab of fix carriages. one of which ii dun by eight, aad the other by fix horfes. • " While the Emperor, and his Court (continues the Moittur), are proceeding towards the 'capital of the new kingdom, of which his Majeftz is about to take polfelfion, Prince JosEPH is preparing to fet out for &ails, where be is expefted by the loth of this month. He will alEft at the enfuing felSon of the Elatoral College of the Dyle. of which he is Prefi dent, in his quality of Grand Eleanr."' • • The Emperor'S mother, ytho, 6 that quality, has jut formed an eftablifbment in Paris, and to whom the diftiniftive title of Madame has been given, was appointed bt an Imperial dtcree of the 23d ult. Pro teetrets.of la &um de /a Chaiii, and ter &Will4/kg /item She has in contequence of this nomination re ceived the congratulations of feveral Authorities, and among others that of the Tribunate, who fent a deputation to her fall week. • We are naturally curious to learn in what manner the notification of the new arrangements, relative to the Government of the te rr itory of the ci-devant Italian Republic will be received by Foreign Courts. The latter mull bare been informed of them bj the French Miniiters refident there, and in this manner would the Emperor NAroLsos have annonnced him- Pelf as Ethperor and King. If we may believe the Paris Papers, the Houfe of Auflria, which undoubt• edly is the moft interefted in the eration of a new throne in the neighbourhood of its dominions, has contented to . this proceeding before-hand, by a Convention with the Cabinet of the Thuilleries con cerning Italy. The silent of the other German Courts is reprefented as equally deftitute of doubt, as will be teen by the 'following articles from Berliteand Raab boo, publifhed ellerday in the ltiorsiintr: " Berlin, Marels2l. _ s A Courier E;traordinary yeltaday brought the newt of the proclamation concerning the kingdom Of Italy. Our Cabinet ap peared to be ulreatly informed of the event, which melees gene ral approbation. in admiring the elevation and nobknefa of the Emperor Napoleon hhnfelf, we are aftonithed at the ability which he difplaya under the Inuit diflicult tircumftancee. Nut only the mode In which tiiia bufinels has bees accomplidted confoildate the peace of the Continent, but it will alto conduce to the general pence; beeaufe, if England and Ruth with Rill to keep Malta, and to rule in the Mediterranean, they muft neeerarily content to fee the Crown* of ?ranee and Italy remain united in the fame head.' " Annan, March ay. We lave jufl karat here that the "Emperor Napoleon has ac cepted the Crown of Italy. The news ins produced a great (en- Cation. Our Sovereign the Eleetor Arch Chancellor has acknow ',Aged the new King, and the Princes of Germany are all difpo fed to do the fame. The grandeur of the proceeding, and the mo deration which it exhibits, [trite every one, and augur favourably fur the continuance of the peace of the Continent." Private accounts revive the report that the Brett Beet has Ritually foiled from the outer-road. It is at lean certain, that General Aposalau and his Etat- Major had embarked laft week. For the Lift fourteen days the greateß altivity has been difplayed in all the ports of France, where there Are any drips. front which it is inferred, that great events may be expeited in the beginning of next furnace. . . , Opinions differ very much on the caufes of the d:. . preffi.ut of our funds. This day the 5 per Cents. at t l at 571. 7cc. Aritit. 9. The privateer les Deux Freres, of Boulogne, Le. FEMME, has captwed, in the mid& of an E•nglink convoy, and can icd into St. Valery, the brig Albion, laden with pipe-clay, and bound from Plymouth to Sunderland. The Engiilh crew kept all their pro perty, and the prize matter even left the Captain in poffeffion of fifty guineas, which he had tied in his handkerchief, and his watch, laying, that he waged war againft the Englifh monopoly, but not againft Britifh feamen. The privateer la Confiance, of St. Main, has cap• tut ed four Englith (hips; two of them are carried into port ; and the other two are funk. The fine (hip le Vengeur, of t to guns, which car ries Admiral GANTI4IIAUM t's flip, will, in future, be called l'lmperial. The Moniieur contains an article from the Hague, dated March 30, Hating as follows : " The trial of the Civil and Military Officers, who have furrenderrd our Colonies to the enemy, would have commenced long (ince, if the principal among them had thought proper to return to Holland. But as they preferred flaying in England, we cannot tell when we (hall be able to commence the examination." FILOI4 THR CAMP OF Sr. ROCK, MARCH pur fuance of orders iffued by the Commandant General the battalion of Barbaltree, with the company of ca rabiniers and artillerifts, proceeded yefterday to the lines—and the regiments of Gerona, and Cantabria. and that of the cavalry, kept themfelves in readinefs to march on the lhorte!t notice. On the arrival of the troops, fifty carabiniers took ;wit before the Tower of Mriinos, from the grand on the EAR-fide to the oppofite fide. One hundred and twenty men, armed with hatchets, and other warlike implements, (allied from fort St. Philip ; eighty of thefe com manded by Don Vatins, and the remainder by Don Cazrarss. The latter, at the head of his (mall party condufted it to the Stone-piles, which are fituated at the foot of the mount on the North-fide, and Don VALDES marched direetly againfk the Englifh guard , oldie Devil's Tower, which he furprifed. The Eng in poll was inclofed at the moment that refitlance was attempted. The Officer charged with the de• fence of this poll, was undreifed in bed, and fleeping roundly- Twt:, of the Engin were killed. The fen mullet miffed fire, and the remainder of the guard fled to the Citadel, and alarmed the Garrifon on this both the Spanith detachments returned to their lines, taking with them the Engin Officer and 3 foldiers, one of whom was mortally wounded. The , Spann fire-(hip; had gone out of the River—but the night being too clear, they could undertake nothing. MAxFsce, Aram 1.--,-Yeflerday the French for mally took polTeffion of the Rhine ((lands ; barriers are planting there, having the Imperial Eagle with ontaretched winge placed on them. At Milan, the trees of liberty have been rooted np. and encleavonrs were ufing to defttoy every mark (cry ing to recal liberty and ana-chtto the recolleftion. DELFT, APRIL I 1.-111 Ce Pruflian (hips arrived lately at Antwerp, after being leverat times yifited by the Britilh. On the following day, feveral per tons were arrefled at Antwerp, on fufpkioa of deal. ing in Britilh goods. SCHIEDAM, APRIL tz.—Nleffis. 'Gar atacs and BYLEIIELD, two of the Members of the State Direc. tory, who were fume time finee fufpended in their funftions, left the Hague on the loth intlant ; the former for Groningen, and the latter for Zealand; the refpeftive refidences of thole Gentlemen. Some inhabitants of the department of Utrecht. halite petitioned the Direflory of State againfl the new plan of Conftitution ; the i(Tue of this attempt may eafily be conjeftured. On Saturday lag, the Proprietors of the Utrecht Gazette announced their intention of putslifhing this petition in an extraordi nary number of their paper ; but it was forbidien by the Magiaracy of that city. LONDON. TUESDAY, APRIL t 6. EASTII..TUgsaAT.—Holiday at the Public Olices. An overland difpatch was yefterday received at the India Houle, which brings intelligence from Bengal o' the 3oth October, from Madras of the 4th, and from Bombay of the 26th November. It is con rmed that Lord LAKI had a flight fkir mint with HOLKAIei army, on the 7th Odober, near Multra. That futmidabie Chieftain, not chafing to rifle a decifive adion, retired in a northerly diredtion, as if towards Delhi, without having experienced much lots. &Imola, the Berar Rajah, and feveral other na tive powers, are reprefented as only waiting fur force important fuccefs on the part of Houta It, to declare themfelves. Confiderable efforts are making to ftrengthen the Indian army ; four new regiments are raifing at Madras. HOLKAR'S movements were iv rapid, that Lord LAKS could neither force him to ac• tion, or obtain any advantage over him. The following at ticles of Ihip news have alfo been received by the fame conveyance : The Cambrian, DINNISON, reported to have been captured, we have the fstisfadtion to announce, arrived fafe at Calcutta on the loth October, after a remarkably quick paffage from Ceylon. The CoNcoao frigate, Capt. Woos, has taken, off Point Jere, la Barnum privateer, which had done fo much mlfchicf in the Perfian Gulph, and carried her into Bombay, where her com mander La Mama again obtained his parole, notwitbftanding the treatment which the corps of Mraueo ALLY KHAN received from him, and the inteMgence from the Mauritius that captain FlitiPaßt, of the Royal Navy, a Colonel of the Madras army, ' and Many others, were dote prifoners there. " 1101411AY, NOVEMBIII 15. s The Portuguefe dap St. Jago, Major, is arrived at Bengat-ss On the Toth of June a (mall privateer arrived at the entrance of Peck? River; the has captured the brig Trial (mil Madras, at ai tie Harriet, Maquir, a new coppered alp, pierced for t 8 gore:, laden with piece goods and asoo dollars. " The Malfoed, Douglas, left the Pilot all well the T 9th of 0 t toilet ; and we expetted In; as well as the Arm and Anna fro, St China, the beginning of next month. "r The Marquis of Weflefley, Captain Charles Le Blanc, ar. rived at Fort St. George from Bengal the szth 0 nober, aa4 fax: the sad of that month for the Prince of Wales's Ifi114" t i