Star. — London, England, 1805-08-26 00:00:00

trHE POLITICAL, MA? Ofr Et/ROE. LETTER 11 , • Sir—Before the difaftrous birth Of the Fredch Re public, Europe was divided into a number of inde pendent communities, of unequal ltrength ; but their political relations were fo interwoven with their politi cal exillenes, that an equipoife of power was carefully maintained among& them. By the obfervance of this poky, it followed, that when any fecondary power was afTailed by one . of primary magnitude, its want OF eleCtive nrengtla was compenfated by the au xiliar y proteßion of forms more potent neighbour. Hence, i t was forefeen by the prudent &adman of former times, as it Is regretted by every enlightened pad a= of the prefent day.. that, if any Engle power ob tained a greater degree of preponderance than could be coonteratted by the refinance of any other power, of the fira, or of two or more powers of a fecondary order, the liberties and independence of all the States in. Europe would be endarvred. This fy nor, corn• molly known by the name of the balance of power, derived its exiftence from one of the molt natural pre cepts of human wifdom—the love of nem ity ; and all thole wars which the civilized world have witnef fed for nearly two centuries, were the effeas of as many cordials between this dente of fecurity, and the defire of conqueft. From an habitual attention to the principle, a fpirit of national jealoufy was excited; which, in defpight of any occafional aberrations, proved highly favourable to the progrefs of civiliza tion, and to the promotion of fcience, arts, and learn ing. The emotions which blazed forth at every pub- tic crifis, and brought the States of Europe to range themfclves on different fides, according to their ap rl'encront of their refpeetive dangers, were the na tural refults of this deltic of fecurity. Hence, the irnroilioned fentiments of the peafants on different fides at the Rhine, the Pyrenees, the Alps, and the E•itilh Channel, were limply the expreffions of their habitual prejudices in bthalf of this grand conferva tive principle of the federative ccnttitution of Eu rope. And thus, the maxims that influenced the dio'ifions of Princes, became naturalized with their 6bieEts, and gave uncommon vigour to their Moral and•political obligations. To have a country woich he could emphatically call his own, was as much the theme of Konen pride with the peafant, as of glory with the ennobled &Ned ; and indepen &rce, however humble, fmoothed down the brow of holkile antipathy, and as nations ftruggled in con cert together, or were oppofei to each other in arms, for the bmiuelts of their forefathers, they affumed the tone of .affeition or diflike, which was moderated itno an honourable national jealoufy, when the fword of war had been returned into its fcabbard. In a confiderable portion of Europe, there fend mots have been torn up by the violence of conqueft ; and, eonfequently, the principle of focial fecurity has Lot only been invaded, but it is every where menaced with diffolution. The afeendancy which France has acquired by frauds, as well as by viOories, has ena bled her to place every Rate not yet incorporated into her colorTal dominion, or influenced by her will, in a condition of imminent infectrtity. In the pleni- tude of augmented power, the difdains to linen to any other voice than the voice of unconditional fob million ; and while the greater Rates of Europe (hive to enforce a refpeft for the law of nations by pralanimous appeals to her juftice and moderation, the derides their pacific admonitions, and continues to march and to devour. The finger of Sorrow can• not point to any era in the hillary of mankind, fo pregnant with events of dreadful intereft, as the age in which we live. Society Wilt - is on the eve of mak ing a retrograde motion ; for, if the plans of French ambition be not inftantly and univerfally refilled, there fcems to be no human probability of averting the calamity which mutt accompany the fpread of tniveri4l empire, and the extiation of all the ele ments of legillative policy. The wifhes of all mankind are directed to the means of preventing this overwhelming eatattrophe and with equal troth, it may be alerted, that their fupplications are offered up to HEAVEN for the re. moval of iLis arcuPfid thing from tbr caw. Ordinary precaution; will not fufficc to meet extraordinary dangers ; nor will the attitude of defence, how ever judicirms, afford any permanent rellitance to the defolating tempeß that (weeps every thing before it. The foul of the world mutt be quick ened into new life, and inftead of aroggling to con tain the form within Tome limits, it mould be driven back into its own elemental regions, to fpend its vio lence amidfl thole by whom it was railed. All the fo cial virtues, the warlike energies, the confummate prudence of human nature, fhnuld be collated againft tht perfidious dillurbers of the repofe of mankind; then, after thefe adverfe tempeAs {hall have met in dreadful collifion, we (hall fee the fuperiority of Vir tue over Vice, and acknowledge with gratitude, that the Providence of GOD has been abfolved. Abflulit Lune tandem Rufini prena tumultum, Abfolvitque Deos. Jam non ad eulmina return injuftos creel& geezer. Tolluntur in akum, Ut lapfu graviors ruant. There is no circumftance which more forcibly con firms the truth of thefe obfervations relative to the importance of the &condor) , powers, than the mani- FA lois which the greater Rates of Europe have lof t:lined by the incorporation of thole ufeful auxiliaries into theFrenchEmpire. The fakty and honour of Eu• tope depended *ft a few coinitiandirtg Powers r but wonderful were the advantages which they dc tired from thofe inftriont lines that ate• now ex. tinguithed. It was the policy of the ancient Romans to intru(t to the legions the prefervarion of the Em pire, but they did not difdain to adopt every ufefal iititrument of war. Many dependant Princes and Communities difperfed round the frontiers, were in vited to marlhal themfelves under their vietorious eagles r and when a RoMan army took the geld, the auxiliaries always &tned the front line. A fimilar policy prevailed in Europe, as long as its Princes refpeeted the principle of the balance of power. Take for an itillance, the Sovereign of Pied mont. In all the great continental wars, the influence of that inferior Bate was fo ennfiderable, that its alliance was courted by all the belligerent parties. From the peculiar fituation of the Princes of the Houfe of Savoy, continually expofed to the ambitious defigns of formidable neighbours ; they were often reduced to the neceflity of fbeltering them (elves beneath the wing, fometimes of one power ful neighbour, and fometimes under that of its rival. From this teeming verfatility in their polities, they have been reprefented as mendicant politicians, or 'military mercenaries. Never was an imputation moil union : I fpeak generally. The predominant poli cy of the Houfe of Savoy, like that of every other State, was the defire of fecurity ; and its refinement confined in ftruggles to uphold its independence in the 'nicht of the norms that frowned from either fide of the Alps. With equal courage and capacity its illuftrious princes fuccefsfully repelled the en croachments of perfidious :Allies, and the footfteps of hoftile invaders. The iecords of hillory will ttanf mit to future generations the names of thofe dexte rous negociators, and thole renowned Ilatefinen and warriors who, nurfed in the fchool of Turin, by their fagacity and their valour raifed a comparatively (mall Rate to a degree of importance which kingdoms of much greater means and magnitude had never then attained. That power is annihilated : the Gitirtfian of the Alps it no more. The barriers which nature had planted for his fecurity ; the magnificent and mailer ly fortifications which the power of genius bad fu peradded to his natural means of defence, are now in the poiliflion of the remorfekfs enemy; and with them, that enemy is maker of Italy. How melanchlly are the refleElions, to which this dinocation of one of the nobleß bodes of Europe gives rife ! How lowly does human wifdom appear, and how poor the chance of public virtue, when placed ir. competition with the knavery of difciplined thar pers and extortioners, bearing in one hand the olive of peace Beeped in poifon, and is the other the brand that is defined to let on fire the molt facred treaties, and the molt folemn covenants of fecnrity and indepen dence This fubjedt will demand more of our attention, when I come to confider the means by which the fa cial edifice of Europe may be repaired. It has been adverted to, in this place, folely to illuftrate my reafonings on the importance of the fecondary powers in former confederacies. As far as Great Britain is concerned, the incorporation of the Netherlands into the French Empire, and the influence which the latter exerts over Holland in c.nfequence of it, is a point of fuch extenfivc and alarming magnitude, that it is enough of Will to jußify a war. The occupation of thefe naval and military Rations by the French, is of more perilous moment to us, than the feizure of Pied• mart is to the Emperor of Auftria. Our anceftors, in this refpeft, manifefted the deepeft policy, fore. light, and the greateft courage, when they refolved to rifle every thing, rather than to permit the barrier in the Low Countries to be thrown down. With prophetic prefage, they calculated the confequences of fuch an event. One hundred and thirty•fir years have elapfed fence Sir WILLIAM Tar/rut, in one of his difpatches from the Hague*, afferted, that, " within two years after France were well polreffed of that little fpot of ground, I diiubt no Prince or State in Chriftendom would pretend'to difpute any more with him then." The accuracy of that able negotiator's judgment has been, r unhappily, junified by the event ; for, until thefe puny times, it was obvious to every one who fiudied the political geography of the Continent, that France, 'once Po' (relied of the Netherlands, would become the dictator of Holland. What Piedmont was to the red of Italy, the Netherlands were to Holland, and the Northern States ; outworks that checked the firft im pulfes of the enemy, until the great powers could coiled and bring their forces into the field. In ano therletter from Holland, Sir WILLIAM TCMr46 has detailed with mathematical precifion, the probable Rate of the Continent and of this country, from the lofs of that barrier. " If," lays he, 41 the French (hall-carry Flanders, as they very well may in another campaign, by the weaknefs and diforders in the Governme:q here; the Dutch are fenfible that they mull fall to be a maritime province of France, upon the left fermi they can. The Empire will ezpe& to fee them loon at the Rhine, and thereby augers of four Eletior: ; and what a condition England will be left in by AA as accfffion of maritime for': , at well as province:, to fwh a power as France is already, is but too ency and toe melancholy a rdlellion." Eary and melancholy it is indeed ! for we have not only lived to fee it realized but all . ° to breathe in conliant perturbation from its effects. In the micift of our embarraffments and dif ttefres arifing from it, there is loan confolatioa. bow . , ever, in booking tacit to die wifdom, Penetration, and good fenfe of our forefathers ; it is gratifying td the mind and refreliting to the clejeEled fpirit, to contemplate thofe charatiers, who thought and aged like men, and who, riling far above the grovelling prejudices and WM policy of the day, eatended their generous Views in behalf of pofierity. Happy would it have been for the tranquillity of mankind, if that pollerhy had profited by their ad vice and example! But, alas, a ruinous indifference to the balance of Power took poffelnan of the public 'mind at the clofe of the late war ; and, like an epi. demic contagion, fpread its malignity from Cleat Britain over all Eirope. Onr derelieion of the in. wrens of the Continent was enough to make our de parted fathers break troth their earthly prifon, to re proach oar felfifh and miflaken politics. The re. newal of the war has happily removed this deadly diftemper, and there are folid grounds for believing that the Blades of a TEMPLE, a Gonothity, and a Maatioaotron, may yet be appeared. ut it is right that we Mould fmart for our Rupor ; and it is equally proper, that we fhould be continually re minded of its dials. This fhall be the fubjeft of my next letter. watsitroartat. • To Lord ARLINGTON, dated Auguft 7, 16E9. ETo Sir J. Tsarrx.r, October to, 1657. SPORTING INTELLIGENCR. YORK AUGUST RACES, THURSDAY, AUGUST sz. The Produce Stakes of wogs. each, h. ft. for 3 year old colts and fillies. Two miles. (Seven Sub fcribers.) Mr. W. N. W. Hewett's br. may, Mits Hornpipe Teazle, by Sir Peter, 7ft. nib. - - - z Lord Fltzwilliam's h e. Caleb i'otem, by Sir Peter, dam by Diomede, ett.zlb. . - a Lod Stratbmorc's bay colt, by Sir Petcr, out of (been Mab, Bft. alb. - - - - - 3 Lord Fitzwilliam's b. c. Sir Paul, by Sir Peter, out of Paret, ift. 331 b. - - - - 4 Even betting and 5 to 4 that either Caleb Q2otem or Sir Paul won, 3 tot agit the Queen Mab colt, and 9to I agft Mifs Hornpipe Teazle. Won eafy. Fifty Pounds added to one-third of a Subfcription Purfe for 6 yr olds, BR. zolb. and aged, 9ft. Four miles. (Twentylour Subfcribers of ans. each.) Mr. Garforth's gr. m. Marcia, by Coriander, aged - Mr. Pdrfe's b. h. Fergufoa. 5 yrs old .. a Mr. W. N. W. Hewett's br. h. Black Strap, aged 3 Five to ton Marcia. Won cafy. Famar.—The Gold Cup, value loop. for honks, &c. Four miles. (Five Subfcrihers.) Mr. Garforth's gr. in. Marcia, by Coriander, aged.Blt. Ob. a Mr. Mellifh's bay colt, Diddles', 4 yrs old, 71t 81b. Ten to ron Marcia. A very fine race for three miles, loon after which Diddler broke down. Fifty Pounds added to one-third of a Subfcription Pork for 4 yr old colts, RR. 71b. and fillies, RR. 41b. Four miles. (24 Subfcribers of 25gs. each). Mr. Garfortles gr. f. Vette, by Delpini Mr. Melblia's b. e. Otsid. by Star - Sir H. T. Vane's b. a Betty • 3 Two to I and 5 to 2 on Mafter Betty, ♦ and g to agft. Vella, 5 to t agft. Quid, and even betting be tween Vega and Quid. Vella went off at (core, was never beaded, and won eafy. Sweep(lakes of sogs. each, aogs. ft. for 3 yr old fil lies, 811.—Laft mile and half. Mr. W. N. W. Hewett's br. f. Mita Hornpipe Teazle, received ft. from Mr. Watt's bay, out of Mifs Judy. MRS. THORNTON. YORK, Selma Day, Avo. 24.—The Public will be pleafed to hem., that though Mr. BROUFORD who was to undertake the difficult talk of rivalling Mrs. Tito am Tom in Yodel/hip, does not ride the match made between them, yet they will have a fight of the mon intereiling nature this day, as the high acknowledged !kill of Bucaut, of Newmarket, is to be difputed in competition with the fair Lady, who has the public favour moll wrongly in their willies for fuccefs. Mrs. Tut:mums walks over the Courfe for the match made with Mr. lilsoarrneo, but rides againit BUCILB over the Two• Mile Courfe. As Mrs. THORNTON was exercifmg her mare early on Thnrfday morning, on the York race courfe, the again difplayed ber fuperior (kill as a horfewoman, by extricating herfelf from the molt perilous fitua tion ; for at coming in at full (peed, the mare bolted oppoGte to the Grand Stand, and made towards the railing, and before Mrs. T. could manage the mare, one of its fore feet was literally under the railing, over which the mull have been inevitably precipitated, had the not turned the mare, which the effefted, norwith ftanding the (hock fuftained, which had nearly thrown her from the Caddie. It was allowed by every one prefent that few jockies could have extricated them (elves in a flmilar predicament. The jockey who rode againft her was nearly thrown off alto. PONET Raca.—Mr. C. THOMSON'S bay poncy, Gay Lafi, (forted at four o'clock precifely, on Friday morning, from the place fixed on, fituate about four miles on this fide of Cambridge. The match was to trot twenty miles in one hour and a quarter, for 300 guineas. Owing to the very early hour, there were but few fpeeators, exclufive of the amateurs and bet ters, prefent. The bets at Ratting were two to one againit the poney. She came in at the winning poll in finer Ryle than when fhe went nut, which is the bill proof that can be advanced of the goodnefs of her bottom. She came in with great cafe within one minute and ten feronds of the time allowed, to the no fmall mortification of manyof the knowing ones prefent, who confidered the race as an impraelicable attempt. Gay Left, however, proved the was thorough bred, for every Rep The took difplayed lbnng and com manding powers, and fhe was better in wind. The great odds at Ratting aride from the difiance being looked upon as an infurmottntable barrier to the Inc cefs of the undertaking. The day and the hour were kept a profound fecret except among the (porting men, the objeft of which was to prevent any oblituc tion from the country people who, drawn thither in fhoals by motives of curiolity, would probably have impeded the race. From this judicious arrangement all croffing and joftling were avoided, and the courfe left quite free from Interruption. The bettings on the race courfc amounted to a confiderable furn. The boy , who rode has won so guineas on his own bets. koTAL rAmiLr. • Weitteou'rn, Awo. 23.—Lalt evening We wore kept in the greatcil anxiety'tor the fafety of the Royal Family till ten o'clock. They went on board the yacht about eleven in the Muttitrg, and I! ey in general return about five or lix. Thcir Map :Tics had commanded the comedy of The Rival:. At (even o'clock the Theatre was filled, and their Ma- Jerrt ES being In very punelual in their attendance at public places, by half pan feven the audience began to espies confiderable anxiety, when Mr. HUGHES, the Manager, came forward, and informed the dience, that their Mar miss and the Royal Family had not returned to (bore ; and as the yacht did not appear in fight, he offered to proceed wits the p'ay, r which was oppoftd by tht audience. The Manager again made a fimilar offer in the courfe of the even ing, but the audience Paid they would wait till the Royal Family came. It being ten o'clock when they landed, their Mattsvits fent to the Manager to inform him they fhould not attend the Theatre, and commanded the fame play for Saturday even ing. This being communicated to the audience, the play began, and it was midnight before the curtain dropped. The Pier was crowded with Nobilizy, perfons of diainaion, *and the inhabitants of the town, waiting the return of the Royal Family to (bore. The firit fymptom of their return was the firing of Come guns, and their diflance waeafeertain ed by the flafh. On their flepping on (bore they seek received with three cheers by the populace; ' which was continued as, they palled in their carriages to the Lodge. The cattle, we underhand, of their being Co late, wasthe yacht having fallen in with the homeward bound Weft India Beet, which was fuch a novel fight for the Royal Family, that it engaged their atten tion for two or three hours: it was reported here they confined of 126 fail. There were fix armed veffels with them. Mr. Datum°, the Mcirenger, arrived this mor ning with difpatchts to his MA J ESTY. AUGUST a4.—This morning, at (even o'clock, his MAJESTY rode on horfeback for a limit time. The Royal Family did riot go to fea this morning; as intended, on account, we nnderlbnd, of his Ma jasry being attacked with a flight rhcurnatifm: Early this morning Mr. LYLE, the Meffenger, ar rived with difpatches from Montero. i THE AIARKIiTS. CORN EKCHANE, MARK-LANE, AUGUST 26. The fupply of Wheat here is particularly large, with feveral further arrivals of foreign, and the trade is exceeding dull of fale, though at a reduCtion of upwards of los. per quarter, fince this day fe'nnighr t and a:petted cheaper. Barley and Malt are dull fate, and rather lower; White Peas likewife. There are not many arrivals of Oats to-day, but a good ftipply cn hand. This trade alto cheaper, and flow in fate. Flour in good fupply, and full ss. per tack cheaper fince lalt Monday. GENERAL CVIII/CV Al Glebtli Whew, 4516601 7811. per (IT, Grey Peafe 421. to 464. . Fine Ditto. Sae. Ss& od. Beans, 455. sos. Rye, 445. sos. od. Tick Ditto 40s. 465. Od Bader .365. 41$. od. Oats, 235.265. ads. Malt, 765. 82a. od. Poland ditto 324 131 White Peale, 464 . xis . od. Rape Seed, 141. 3ii. per la!!. PRICE OT FLOUR. Fine Flour 7os. to 7ss. Seconds 655.-to 7os. per Ira. 11014 TIE J,INDON GAZETTE, SATVIDAT, AUGUST 24. Average Price of Corn in England and Wales, from the returns fading the t 7th of Auguß, Wheat. Rye. Barley. I Oats. I Beans. Peafe. a. d. s. s. d. s. S. a d. 41. EOO 0586 49 1 31 5 0 11 149 3 The average Price of Sugar, computed from the Houma made in the Week ending Auguft 211 it Sts. yid. per hundred weight. SMITHFIELD MARKET, AUGUST a& This day's mat ket was amply fttp;'lied with d;iFe rent kinds of cattle—the price.: continue mach the fame as Oh Friday's mark,t—Sheep and Latoh, were in great plenty, and experienced a confide , able The following is an accurate Report of the Pikes and Numbers To fink the offal 7 —yer flone of 81b. Beef Als od to 41 6d Veal 45 ad to 3.. id Mutton od to 41 ad Pork 35 6d to 4$ od Lamb as od to as 6d. NRAD Olt Beath 2473—Calves 41a--Sheep and Lambs 24.75 Pigs, 470. PRICE Of MAY AND ST RAW IN SMITHFIELD. Hay, per Load, to 41. OR Straw, . 21. as. to 31. CS Clover 31. 35. to 51 os COAL EXCHANGE. MONDAY—Pillion's Main 47s 3d. Biggs Main sos sos gd. Carr's hill scs 3d Croft's Main 461 3d —.4ss 94 Hart • 19 445 3d. Percy Main los 6d. South Moor 40-444 6d. Pitt's 'Canfield Moor 473 31. Temple's 531. Wall's End Sae. Eden Main 4ss 6d. Willis's Main 415 Wain; LID AY••••Bc ntnn 46s 6d. Ellicott'. Main 46, 9d. Cow per 45s 3d. Biggs Main sis od—s6s 64.1. Carr's Hill 3os. Croft's Main 4ss 6d. Heaton Main' scx 9d. Hartly 43s 9ti--44s 9d. }Lisburn Main so% 9d. Percy Main cc' 34—sos 6d. Windrcr's Pontop 465. Townley Mai.. 4-s 6d. Temple's Main 495. South Moor 43$ 6d. Pitt's Tat.fickl Moor 46s 6d. Temple's Wall's. end sas 6d. Walker 49s 6d-49'. Willington sos 6d. Wars End s r s 3d—s is 6d. Waibottie Moor 44$ 9d. Wy lam Moor 461. Bourn Moor 44s 6d. Eden Main 435. Roufledge 41s. Main 44s 6d. Primrofc 445. Fatnar.—Ellifon's Main 465 6d. Cowper 43s pd. Bin's Main. sos 3d. Carr's-bill 495 6d. Croft's Main 455. Adair's Main 4:' 5 3d. Kenton Main, 49s 3d. Elgbton Moor 461. Hardy 435. Hebburn Main sos 6d..-sc.s pd. Percy Main ,Sol—scs 31. Windfor's Pontop 465. Temple's Main 49S 64-495 &nth Moor 435. Sheriff' Hill 43s 9d. Pitt's Tan&ld Moor, 4(a pd. Walker 491 6d. Willington 50* Bd—Sts 64. Wall's End 3is ?t. Welt Kenton 463 3d. Boun.lry 4/IF 6d. Eden Main, ass. wbottle Bourn Moor 43a 6d. hulfell's Main 4359 d. rote 445. Milbank Main, 415 4d. Our fupply has this Week bcen confiderable, end all f.dd except is cargoes. Very few are now at Sea and only 30 ready to fait •„• Delivered at las. advance on the above Prices. COUNTRY MARKETS. Farces or GRAIN AT TOR FOLLOWING at Bastnarroita.--Wheat 84s red to rtes od per Quarter. Barley Oats Mal oos od to oos od I Beans 52s od to Sc. od 33' cd to 34 1 od Peafe ode od to ma od Wheat 6os cd 88. .[DENHEAD.~' O:2S od . to Beans ed per ikt.. ;6s Battey .to cos od I . _ jes od to 3 - Ws od Oats ass od to 39$ od Peale cos od to ccs od' Nsweetv.—Wheat 51/o cd to 97$ od per QE. Barley oos ad to efts od I Beaos 54s cd to 581 ad Oats. ors cd to 321 od i Peafe 496 :Id to 52s oat __ --- —, • HINLEY —Wheat 685 . 0 d to 1 oos GO per Q. Barley 324 od i 0 03 a 1 Beans .0 , cd to 52s cd Oats 2NI od to 32s (xi Peafe 40 o' . to 46, od RICADJNO —Wheat ri od to 971 Oct per (t: Barley 44$ od to 43$ (creams cs O od to SOS Ott Oats a?* od to ;as od Poste ma 01l to oos od