Star. — London, England, 1809-11-23 00:00:00

r A POLITICAL VIEW OF EUROPE. An Article under the above title has recently appeared in a French Periodical Work, conducted by FAANCOIS DL NEUrCHATEAtt, one of the French Counsellors of State. We present our Rea ders with a translation of this singular performance : a The following is the result which may be deduced by the most accurate calculations, from the Treaty of Vienna, with respect to the population which Austria cedes and retains. 44 Three years ago her population was reduced, by the Treaty of Presburgh, from 25,000,000 to 22,300,000. An increase during the peace made the number of her population 22,600,000 ' • but the ces sions now ascertained or indicated by the Treaty of Vienna, include a population of 2,4 , 30,000. The true state of Austria will not be exactly known until the ceded provinces shall have receiver their new organi ation ; but it will not be hazarding too much to say, that henceforth the population of the Austrian terri tories will not exceed 18,000,000. 44 It is not difficult to conjecture the effect which such a negociation must have produced at Paris, at Vienna, throughout ail Germany, and in Italy. It is not difficult to determine the effect which it will produce in Spain, where it must ruin the last hopes of the Rebels, and at London, where the Ministers must soon contemplate in all its magnitude the enor mity of the error which they have caused Austria to commit. The new dispositions which will be the consequence of this treaty are still unknown. They are covered with the same veil which concealed the negociations. One of these dispositions has, however, been already made public at Milan. It is the incor poration of that part of the ceded territory which bor ders on the Mediterranean, under the name of the Illyrian Provinces. An Administrator has already been appointed for these Provinces ; and the corps of the Duke of Ragusa, which occupied part of them before the war, is marching to take possession of them. The Administrator is M. Dauchy, Counsellor of State. _ _ _ 6 , It is not yet known how long the French troops will remain in the Austrian territories which are to be i retained by their former Sovereign. If we may judge from the German papers, a retrograde movement has commenced; and the corps of the Duke of Abrantes, which had advanced to Bayreuth, and was to observe Bohemia, has already begun its march to the Rhine. The regiments of the Guards, the sailors attached to the Guards, and who have performed such great ser vices, have left Vienna and its environs, and ascended the Danube. The army of the Prince Vice-Roy has also broken up. We understand it is destined for the Tyrol, to support the united Bavarian divisions, which have advanced into that country without experiencing any serious obstacles. It is consoling to learn that so great a force is marching against these fanatical moun taineers, as the shedding of their blood will thereby be the more easily avoided. It is to be hoped, however, that when informed of the peace and its conditions, but particularly when they have heard the declaration of the Austrian Officer who was to visit them, and communicate to them the real state of things, these unfortunate people will no longer think it necessary to continue to give such deplorable testimonies of their affection to a House which has renounced all its claims with respect to them. The first intelligence on this subject will doubtless be decisive and satisfactory. When Vienna was first conquered, no resistance was offered by the fortifications. The Austrian Go vernment was aware of the inutility and the danger of thus exposing a capital to die honors of war. When it was last approached, the Archduke Maximilian con ceived, but did not execute, the plan of defending the ramparts ; which he abandoned after exposing. The capital of the empire thus experienced some damage, from the frantic attempt that was made to save it ; and the French were its real preservers. If, there fore, the House of Austria (but Heaven forbid the idea should be entertained,) recal once more the French soldiers under those walls, they will then, still more than on the preceding occasions, be sensible of the want of a Sobieski. The French will at least find only an open capital, and a population prepared to receive them as enemies who have left behind them honourable recollections. •• AU the fortifications which surrounded the city, and separated it from the auburbs, have been under mined and blown up. They will be replaced by pro menades. Vienna cannot bat gain by the change ; and an imprt,vement, which its Sovereigns perhaps never would li.sve thought of during peace, will be the remelt of the war. This is not the first time that Vienna has received favours from the French ; and henceforth it will receive them always as friends, never as enemies. 44 It is to be remarked that the peace has not raised the funds, or increased the value of the paper money at Vienna. The retreat of a great army, which consumed a vast quantity of provisions and circulated much specie, must at first necessarily throw this capital into a state of stagnation very unfavour able to the paper-money ; while the completion of the contributions, and the necessities of the Govern ment about to be re-established, will farther tend to render coin more scarce and paper more plenty. 'The depreciation is then an inevitable consequence of the peace, and must necessarily prove a source of embara.sment to the Government, at the very mo ment in which its authority in these territories is re sumed. This is to Austria one of the unfavourable results of the Treaty, which she has to add to those which were stipulated. Under these circumstances, it :nay be conjectured what pain mist have been en dured by the Empress, whose health has greatly suf fered. Her temporary residence at Comorn has been injurious to her, and her death was even annour.ced. It appears, however, that the life of this Princess is deq,aired of, and her decease will render the Empe ror a third time a widower. The Archduke Charles is still in retiremelit. The report that his health was the cause of his resignation is renewed. It is certain however that the cause is to be found in the inisun-' derstanding, the hostility, and the reciprocal preten sions which have deprived the Austrian Monarchy of all union, consequently of all energy. si We know not yet what effect the treaty of Vi enna has produced in London. The signature of the peace having been prematurely published in Holland, the English have only obtaijed a knowledge of the' fact. They are acquainted, however, with the na ture of the cessions on the Adriatic, or they foresee them ; for they are already vexed a; the thought; chit the Emperor is to be henceforth the master of that sea, and that its navigation and ports are to become his property and domain. " As to the treaty with Sweden, the English are better acquainted with it, and particularly in what relates to Russia, the Emperor of which they call their ancient magnanimous ally; but they know not and they dread the consequences which may result from this treaty, when the Emperor of the French shall have declared his intentions. The possession of the island of Aland, which is transferred to Russia, appears to them to leave little military security to Sweden, and little commercial security to England. " The English speak no longer of Spain, and dare not venture to talk of Flushing, where only 300 men, they say, now die weekly. It appears, that it is en deavoured to render the people of London insensible to this melancholy situation of things, and that the scenes of Covent-garden theatre afford a kind of re laxation, which is found very convenient for diverting the mind of John Ball. We are ignorant of the re sult of these burlesque demonstrations of civil liberty, and these coarse displays of national spirit which set every thing in a flame, merely to determine whether Madame Catalani shall have the price she demands for songs—whether the Theatre shall be open or shut —whether Mr. Kemble and his family shall or shall not be ruined ? It is to decide this important dispute that heavy blows are distributed in the pit, and that Noble Lords mingle among the champions of both parties." THE EVENING STAR. LONDON. THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 23. PRICE OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK : 3 per Cent. Cons. for money 6911—for acc. 69i. Omnium qt prem.—Exchequer Bills 6s. 14$. prem. PRICE OF STOCKS YESTERDAY. Bank Stock 274/ 2721 India Stock Stock 135/ S per Cent. Red. 69111 India Bonds 28s. pre. per Cent. Cons. 69111 South Sea Stock 75 4 per Cent. s3{3{ Excheq. Bills, 91. 14s. prem. 5 per Cent. Navy 1011/ State Lottery Tickets £21.155. Long Ann. 18 9461 9-16 Cons. for acc. 691 I MEETING OF PARLIAMENT. Yesterday, his MAJESTY in Council, was pleased order the Parliament to be summoned to meet, for she dispatch of bwiness, on Tuesday, the 23d of Ja nuary ; it was accordingly further Prorogued rom the sth day of December to the above day. A Pro clamation for that purpose will be posted up at the usual places, and it will [Aso appear in Saturday night's Gazette. Private letters by the Flushing Mails of yeiterday, speak of the health of the troops as somewhat im proved by the cold weather, but state the number of sick, notwithstanding all that have been sent home, as being from five to six thousand. A deputation from the principal merchants and in habitants waited a few days ago on General DoN, to ascertain whether there was any intention to evacuate Walcheren. His answer was, that he had received no instructions to that effect.—To this we may add, that live bullocks are now shipping at Yarmouth for Walcheren, which some may consider as a farther in dication that the Island is not to be abandoned. But neither of these facts are of the smallest weight in as certaining what are the intentions of Government respecting that conquest. The troops while they con_ tinge there, and especially the invalids and conva. lescents, must have fresh provisions to the last hour of their residence in that pestilential climate : nor could it be expected that the Commander in Chief would feel himself justified in giving a direct and un qualified answer to the question proposed to him. When the British and Spanish troops had possession of Toulon, soon after the commencement of the ' late war, to a similar application made by the inha bitants, the Commander in Chief returned a similar answer to that now given by General DON ; and yet on the following day the place was abandoned ! —lf it be at all necessary to the safe abandonment of ' the place that the enemy should be kept in ignorance / of the preparations, circumstances, and period, no di rect answer can be given to a public deptm.tion.— It would be the sane as to proclaim it at the enemy's head-quarters ! One of the letters that we have received from Wal cheren, states, that General DON has just sent over to General ROSEAU, at the French outpost at Breskins, all the remaiuder of the sick and French prisoners of war; and lielcwsie all the French Physicians, Sur geons, and Apothecaries, who were our prisoners.— What does this indicate? Information has been rccf; ved at Walcheren, from Antwerp, that two divisions of a flotilla, each of 300 sail, had reached that place from Boulogne, and that two others are to follow; and that the most vigorous preparations are making at the Arsenal at Antwerp; and General Dox is doing what he can at Walcheren to repel such •isitors, should they venture to pay their respects to him. Does not this fact furnish a sufficient reason for the kind of answer given by the General to the deputation that waited upon him ? Some of the letters from Flushing state, that 1 accounts had reached them from the neighbouring islands, that the greater part of the French army was proceeding to Gallicia, for the purpose of ultimately co-operating with the Russians in their attack upon the Porte. This is not precisely the quarter in which BONAPARTE could render the greatest service to his Ally. An army proceeding from Dalmatia and the I late cessions, which should combine its movements with those of the Russians ia Wallachia, would be likely to accomplish the destruction of the Ottomans more expeditiously and effectually ; and possibly we may also soon hear of such a movement., The subjoined letters contain some interesting mat ter, and our readers will find some farther intelligence respecting military movements connected with Wal cheren, in our Army article i “ FLUSHING, NOVEMBER is. We'have not received any official notification of the intention of Government to abandon this island, but every thing indicates that it will speedily take place. Our merchants are making every preparation by selling their goods, and it has subsisted in some degree as a matter of conversation, because every body supposes that it will happen. " Cargoes of sick are almost daily shipped off from Walcheren, but as the hospitals are emptied, they are filled again by new patients. Although not less than 5000 have been sent from hence, there remain upwards of 6000 to be embarked in the same miserable state for England. " We have heard from the opposite coast of a battle having been fought between the British and Toulon fleets, but we do not know whether to believe it or not', ANOTHER LETTER, SAME DATE. is Various are the reports here, one day that we are to evacuate Walcheren ; another, that General Doff, in co ncert with that excellent officer, Commo dore OWEN, is taking measures for the defence of the Island. If we are to remain, troops should be im mediately sent out from England ; and it is the gene_ ral wish of the navy, as well as of the army, that Sir RICHARD STRACHAN and Sir JOHN HOPE should be sent out to command if they were here, not only all of us would feel confident, but even the inhabitants; for the names of these two popular Leaders are fami liar to the natives here, and they loudly express their wish that STRACHAN and HOPE should be here to meet any attempt Of BONAPARTE. ig Admiral OTWAY, and General Dox, are both very good men, and the General is said to be an able Engineer ; but his health is not good, and a younger man is required to meet the active French Generals. " What can be the meaning of keeping us here ? our regiment has not 45 duty men, and several regi ments, at Middleburgh, as the 81st, 84th, and Ca meronians, are hors de combat—quite done up ; as the men are all unfortunately non combattans, why keep the officers here ?" SOUTH AMERICA. Private letters brought home by merchant ves sels from the new seat of the Portuguese Government give but an unfavourable picture of the benefits de rived from the residence of the Court and family of _ Braganza : " RIO JANEIRO, SEPTEMBER 26. " The difficulties with respect to the trade and inter course with the Spanish colonies are as great as ever, and are likely rather to be increased than diminished. On the part of the Portuguese Government there is no appearance of conciliation ; and the Spaniards, deeply involved in their own affairs, pay little atten tion to the concerns of the Brazils. With all these circumstances contending against it, is it probable that trade, let its efforts be what they may, will be obliged to struggle with embarrassments which no one in authority seems disposed so remove? " Since the arrival of the Spanish Governor, Baltha zar, at Buenos Ayres, new restrictions have been put on trade, and little hope can be reasonably entertain ed that they will be removed." Mr. PEGLER, a King's messenger, airivsd this morning at the Foreign Office, in Downing -street, with dispatches from Spain. We have not been able to learn what the above dispatches are of a date to enable us to state any l thing positively on the subject of the reported victory in the Mediterranean. Letters from Holland to the date of the 15th inst. mention the circumstances of the late action in the Mediterranean nearly in the same terms in which it has been before stated, and supply some additional particulars. They observe, that the whole of the French fleet was not engaged on that occasion, al though the entire naval armament of the enemy in Toulon left that harbour to protect the convoy to its destination. They also add, that atter proceeding to a short distance, and discovering no enemy, the prin cipal part of the french fleet returned into port.— One of these letters states further, that the transports were 25 in number ; that more than half of them were taken by the English, and that the rest, having dis persed, were pursued in various directions. Admiral BOUDIN, to whose care this convoy was entrusted, was a favourite Officer in the French ser vice, and on that account had been rapidly p romote d. It will be recollected, that not very long since he had the command of the Topaze frigate, of 48 guns, which, after a severe action, assisted, however, by two cutters, took the BLANCHE, Captain MUDGE, of 44 guns, in the Atlantic. It was blazoned forth at Paris, that the Topaze was not supported by the cut ters ; but it has been ascertained that the cutters dis mounted seven guns of the BLANCHE frigate. The Lords of Trade yesterday refused the granting of further licences for the sailing of ships to the port of Embden. Last week, the Executors of the late Archbishop of DUBLIN paid into the Stamp Office in that city, ,e 1733 6s. Bd. for duty upon the last will and testa ment of his Grace. He is said to have died worth nearly £400,000. The bulk of his froperty descends to his 304 t,hg Earl of NOILMANTOtig THE ARMY. The following corps, which are now perfect skvie. tons, are immediately to be brought Lome from Vi a l cheren : Royal Artillery. • Royal Waggon Corps: A Squadron of the 9:11 Drag:Jells sth, 6th, 26th, Stith, 38th, 84th, 91st, And the following corps are immediately to out :—the 11th, 14th, 51st, 79th, 9.lth besides Ar;;1. lery and two squadrons of the 9th Dragoons, wi t h strong reinforcements for tlle :; cots Royals, Queen'. 50th, 76th, 77th, and two lit ),ittalions of the co. man Legion, Of the 76th Regiment now in Walclieren, come home sick, and 200 more remain fri.!l: in t' e hospitals on the island. It is reported, that 10,000 troops, cavalry a::2 fantry, with a large detachment of the waggr , r-! , „, a , are to be immediately embarked for Portugal_ The Somerset regiment of Militia have gone o board the prison and convalescent ships in Ilatno aze . to do duty as Marines, in lieu of the Wei: Es4x ie. giment. The Cheshire regiment of Militia have marched into Franckfort Barracks ; they are a very fine ath. letic hody of men. The Herefordshire regiment have occupied their quarters at Liverpool. Yesterday, about half-past twelve o'clock, his MA JESTY arrived in his travelling carriage from Windsor, escorted by a, party of light horse, at the Queen% Pa:ace, where he was received by the Dukes of YORK, CUMBERLAND, and CAMBRIDGE. Soon after two o'clock his MAJESTY held a Private Levee. The following had the honour of being pre. seined to his MAJESTY : hit Houvitay, of LanclaffHouse, Sheriff of the Col:my of Glamorgan, by Mr, Ryder; upon which occasion he received ii.e honour of Knisfithood. Sir ROBERT WILSON, upon his returti from Spain. Sir CHARLIS HAMILTON, upon his appoimment to a Colonelcl of Marines. Captain PETER PARKER, Royal Navy, by Lord Mu%rave. Rear-Admiral Sir THOMAS WILL LI N:5., upon Li: promotion. Major-General ORE, upon his promotion. Major-General MACLEOD, upon his promotion. Major-General DE WATTEVILLt, upon promotion. His MAJESTY gave audience:, to Mr. PEttcr.vm.,the rest of the Cabinet Ministers present, and Mr. M. SUTTON, the Judge-Advocate, who laid before his MAJESTY the proceedings of some Courts Martial A little before six o'clock his MAJESTY set. off un his return to Windsor. Yesterday, the Cabinet Ministers dined with Mr. RYDER, for the first time, since his appointment tob,: Secretary of State for the Home Departmer.z, at Es house, in Great George-street. Yesterday, the Archbishop of CANTERBURY, after attending his MAJESTY, went to his seat at Addington to dinner. By the Violet, whose return from America in bal last, we mentioned 3esterday, letter; have been re. ceived from Norfolk in Virginia, and from Boston in New England, to the date of the 16th ulr. The Pre sident was not expected to arrive at Washington until the 20th, and it was the general opinion th:-.t Congress would insist on the ratification of the Trc.ny with Mr. EusiclNE before any diplomatic conference would be entered upon with Mr. Itcasosr. No doubt was entertained that the Non-Intercourse Act would con tinue to be rigidly inforced. We are happy to state, that there is no foundation for the report respecting the loss of the sloop of war LITTLE BELT, off Jamaica. She arrived at Halifax on the 28th of September, after having seen a con.:G) for Barbadoes, and a vessel with provisions for Hon duras, to their respective destinations. Mr. ROBERT WATSON, Acting Lieutenant cif the VANGUARD, lately leaped overboard is the North Sea and Great Belt, and rescued, in a heavy sea, two sea men and a boy from a watery grave ; the latter in the Belt, where the current was running 3 or 4 knots. A Russian Gentleman, who arrived in town yester day, informs us, that the day before he left Gotten burgh, which was on the 16th instant, 200 ships set sail from that harbour laden with Baltic produce. Earl FITZWILLIASI has presented the Episcopal Chapel of Ecclesall, near Sheffield, with a donation of .e5O, towards the expence of a new organ, for the use of that chapel. Tuesday the 14th inst. the Duke of KENT visited Mr. LANCASTER'S School in the Borough-road. The Royal Duke remained two hours in the school-room, and during the whole of that time, the scholars ex hibited the most perfect picture of order. His Royal Highness declared that it afforded him the highest gratification, find exhibited the most perfect piece of machinery he ever saw. The children all knew the rank of their visitor, but none neglected their work on that account. The happiness, the cleanliness, order and improvement of the children, all alike contributed to make the school-room what it always is—a scone of delight. The &No recently sent his page with a £lOO bank note. The day of Jubilee was commemo rated at Manchester by near 800 boys belonging to a Royal Lancastrian school, parading the streets, re ceiving each a plumb cake, and attending school the first time. In consequence of Mr. L.'s Lectures en Education at Manchester, Birmingham, and Sheffield, schools are instituted at these places, which, when complete, will contain 2500 children. We are glad to find Mr. LANCASTER is about to lecture in London. At the battle of Minden a corps of French gre'll diers, commanded by M. de St. Pierre, being exposed to a battery that carried off whole 'files at once ; S. Pierre, wishing them not to fall back, rode slowly in front of the line, with his snuff-box in his hand, and said, " Well, my boys, what's the matter, eh—C4n non ? Well, it kills you, it kills you, that's all, 1111 boys.march on and never wind it,", f dy ti CI C li tl• hI ' 1 sl: al ht th fo th sr I. QI 7( at • F: in at frr an tt, Bl th En gu ten s PA der for off am Ca tr ton a 1- C it a- • it S 15 • h 1. oL Is 1- .43 or LT ay :qu ki far - 'he 1' !a - r- t! a. A et 0,, st • re t .1 • le of oe U, e. "hi 'sr Uf • ..t le P": trai to of rri o- • r e• 'a r. JP ' t . Cl .on n. Ita :ISI t• I vi .14 .3 .11 i