Star. — London, England, 1816-01-04 00:00:00

. . n...-- 0 .._ !Lot r. r. and l .ea 9h I °uses I Of 4 i C 4 his i Alg4 T ItS fa and .' hem is k all the p W. to Trii Folio s ivii t of oft 1 1 be it jects, i thAt 14 lit :ends 7reall c 1 a ve 1 )een c adilj on isti ng i ain I by 400 r • 01 "' icir Qy lAiterl: flog I Is of .1 , • • . 11 tke pu bfi c. i nterests, the rkinetion of ttte army bee - n aecoinpfiiiietil; fist the sepropristkies' for Pa y, and far other branches of the military seivioe.: moved ;.,adequate,. the 'earliest attention to subject 'sill be necessary ; and the expediency of ing upon the peace establishment, the staff s who have hitherto been provisionally retained, a i m recommended to the consideration of Congress. 3 t he perfornsance of the executive duty, upoitdlis m aim, there has not been wanting a just sensibility . ) the merits of the American army, during the late? re; but the obvious policy and design in firing rficient military peace-establishment, did not afford o opportunity to distinguish the aged and infirm, en, eolan r of their past services ; nor the wounded and li sa bled, on account of their present :offerings. The extent of the redaction indeed unavoidably eo lved . the exclusion of m an y meritorious officers of e ry ra nk, from the service of their country ; and 0 eq ual, as well as so numerous, were the claims: to mot i on , that a decision by the standard of compa re merit could seldom be attained. Judged, how. er, in candour, by a general standard of positive it, the army register will, it is believed, do honour the establishment; while the case of those officers, hose na mes are not included in it, devolves, with e strongest interest, upon the legislative authority, such provision as shall be deemed the best calcu tel to give support and solace to the veteran and valid; to display • the beneficence, as well as the stice of the Government—.and to inspire a martial for the public service, upon every future ernes.- ...":, lellgY* id Although the embarrassments arising from the rant o f an uniform national currency have not been roinished since the adjournment of Congress, great 1 : inaction has been derived, in contempla ti ng the vivel of the public credit, and the efficiency of the blic resources. The receipts into the Treasury, On the various branches of revenue, during the One months ending on the 30th of September last, eve been estimated at 12,g)0,000 dollars; the issues I-Treasury Notes of every denomination, during t same period, amouneed to the suns of 14,000,000 f dollars; and there was also obtained upin loan, lasing .the same ~)eriud, a sum of nine millions of Wan; of which the sum of six millions of, dollars es subscribed in cash, and the sum of three millions rtollars in Treasury Notes. I 1 With these means, added to the sum of one rake and a half of dollars, being the balance of many in the Treasury on the let of January, there Its been paid, between the Ist of January and the it clOctober, on account of ,the appropriations of le preceding and of the present year, (exclusively of Segment of the Treasury !Totes subscribed to the San, and the amount redeemed in the payment of litiesind taxes) the aggregate sum of thitty-three tacos and a half of dollars, leaving a balance then theTreesary estimated at the suns of three mil sof &liars. Independent, however, of the ar geselue for 'military services and supplies, it is 'esumed, that a further sum of eve millions•of dol. s, including the interest on the public debt payable the Ist of January next, will be demanded at the Treasury to complete the expenditures of the present year, and for which the existing ways and means ill sufficiently provide. " The national debt, as it was . aacertained on the 'lst of October last, amounted in the whole to the sum of one hundred and twenty millions of dollars, consisting of the unredeemed balance of the debt contracted before the late war !thirty-nine millions of ,dollars) ate amnunt of the futaled debt contracted in consequence of the war (sixty-four millions of dol lays) and the amount of the unfunded and floating debt (including the various issues of Treasury Notes) seventeen millions of dollars, which is in a gradual course of payment. -There will, probably, be some addition to the public debt upon the liquidation of various claims whieli are depending ; and a tonci listury disposition on the- past of Congress may lead honourably and advat:tagecusly to an equitable ar linger:rein of the militia expenses incurred by the t•vcral lizates, wit.hout the previous sanction or au- Il uitY a Isle Goees nment of the United Sates. But, 1 1;:ien it is com,.idered, that the new, as well as the idld portion of the debt, hiss been contracted in the 2 "ertina of - the natiend rii;hts and independence ; n 4 thus it is recollected that the public expendi 'rue not being exclusively bestowed upon subjects ti 4 . transient nature, will long be visible in the num ber and etelipments of the American Navy, in the nlilasty wares for the defer.ce of our harbours, and me fror...iersr and in the supplies of our arsenals and 91 agiiz;ee,::: the amount wi?l bear a gratifying :cm- Pane!' with the ol , 'ects nhicli have been attained, as uell es niih the resources of the country. " The arrangement of the finances, with a view to ~ ..ercceii, t s and elpentlitures of a pee:non - ma peace ts4Dlishnient, tail necess4; sly ent , .'r into the delibera. t:ons of• Congress during the present Session. It is ':rite that the hntroved condition of the public revenue will net only afford the means of maintaining the feitli el the Government with its creditors inviolate,' And of prosecutikvi, successfully, the measures of the . ost liberal policy ; but will, also, justify an iinme- Aline alley :shun of the burdens imposed by the neces. esities of the war. It js., however, essential to every AAdification of thti finances, that the beacfitspf an uni -1 i f ormaatiotial currency should be restored to the corn- O l u"itY. Tim absence of the precious metals will, it i s kselieved ,be tetemporary evil e but, until bey Clan Did I I o again rendered 'the getteral audio% of exchange, it devolves on the wisdom of Congress, to provide a stibstitute, which shall equally engage the confidence, and accommodate the wants, of the Citizens through out the Union. eg If the operation of the State Banks'eannot pro. duce this result, the probable operation of a Natkmal 'Bank will merit consideration ; and, if neithyr of these expedients be deemed effectual, it may become neees sary to ascertain, the terms upon which the notes of the government (no longer required as an instrument of credit) shall be issued, upon motives of general policy. as a common medium of circulation. 44 Notwithstanding the security for future repose, which the United States ought to find in their love of peace, and their constant respect for the rights of other nations, the character of the times parti;ularly inculcates the lesson, that, whether to prevent or repel danger, we ought not to be unprepared for it. This consideration will sufficiently recommend to Congress a liberal provision for thy immediate extension, and gradual completion of the works of defence, both fixed and floating. on our maritime frontier ; and an adequate provision for guarding our inland frontier, against dangers to which certain portions of it may continue to be exposed. 64 As an improvement on our military establish. ment, it will deserve the consideration of Congress, 1 , whether a corps of invalids might not be so organized and employed as at once to aid in the support of me• ritorious individuals, excluded by age . or infirmities from the existing establishment, and to' preserve to the public the bens fit of their stationary services, and of their exemplary discipline. I recommend - also an enlargement of the Military Academy already esta. Wished, and the establishment of others in other sec tions of the Union. And I cannot press too mush on the attention of Congress such a classification and organization of the militia as will most effectually render it the safeguard of a free State. If experience has shewn, in the lite splendid achievements of mi. litia, the value of this resource for the public de!ence, it has shewn alio the importance of that sk:11 in ;he use of • arms, and that familiarity with the essential rules of discipline, which cannot be expected from the regulations now in force. 66 With this sui.ject intimately connected the necessity of accommodating the laws in every respect to the great object of enabling the imiitical authority of the union to employ. promptly and effectually, the physical power of the union in the cases designated by the constitution. " The signal services which have been rondered by our navy, and the capacities it has developed for suceessfol cooperation in the national defence, will give to that portion of the public force its full value in the eyes of Congress, et an epoch which calls for the constant vigilance of all governments. Tu pre serve the ships now in a sound state ;- to complete those already contemplated; to provide amply the unperishable materials tor prompt angreeNtations, and to improve the existing arrangements into more advantageous establishments, for the construction, the repairs, and the security of vessels of war, is dic tated by the soundest policy. 46 In adjusting the duties on imports, to the object of revenue, the influence of the tariff on manufactures, wilt necessarily present itself for consideration. How ever wise the theory may be, which leaves to the sa gacity and interest of individuals the application al their industry and resources, there are in this, as in other cases, exceptions to the general rule. Desides the condition which the theory itself implies, of a re. cipt °cal adoption by other nations, execrisnce teaches that so many circumstances must occur in introducing and maturing manufacturing establishments, espe cially of the more complicated kinds, that a country may remain long without them, although sufficiently advanced, and in some respects even peculiarly fitted For carrying them on with success. 4.-Under circumstances giving a powerful impulse to manufacturing industry, it has made among tor a progress, ,4nd exhibited an efficiency, which justify the belief, that with 3 protection no: more than is due to the entermizing citizens, whose interests are nqw at stake, it will become, at an .early day, not only safe against occasional competitions from abroad, but a source of domestic wealth, and even of external commerce. In selecting the branches more especiAly entitled to the public patronage, a preference is ob viously claimed by such as will relieve the United States from a dependence on foreign supplies, ever subject to casual failures, for articles necessary for the public defence, or connected with , the primary wants of individuals. It will be an additional commendation of particular manufacturer, where the materials for them are extensively drawn from our agriculture, and consequently impart . and ensure to that great fund of national prosperity and indepen dence, an encouragement which cannot fail to be rewarded. it Among the means of advancing the pubic in terest, the occasion is a proper, one for recalling the' attention of the Congress to the great importance of , establi k hing throughout our country the, roads and' canals which can best be executed, under the Rational anthßrity, No objects within ahe circle of political; economy so richly repay the expense bestowed on them ;.there are none, the utility of w,hich is more runiversagyAscertained and acknowledged; none that do more lionotir to the Qovernment, whose wise and enlarged patriotism duly appreciates theni. Nor is kilere any comity,' which prestos a Feld where We- .titre Invitesitifedan sipthti Oa** be Dil l Bork for bis aiLionnsiodation tad brieflt. These siderations is* strengthened woretoiier by the Politi cal effect of these facilities toe intercomniunicatinn in bringing and binding store closely together the kqtri- _ Gus parts of 'our estenaell confederacy. Whilst the states indi dually. with a Laudable enterprise and emulation,ivail thennelies of their local advantages, by new reids, by navigable cauals, and by imprdving the strehais susceptible of navigation, the general Governniint is the more urged to similar under- taking'. requiring a national jurisdiction, and national meant, kir the prospect of thus systematically com pleting so inestimable a work. And it is a happy re- Section, that any defect of constitutional authority, which may be encountered, can be supplied in a mode which the constitution itself has providently pointed out. _ _ _ sg The present is a favourable season also for brit /. ing again into view the establishment of a national seminary of learuitg within the district of Columbia, ;lid with weans drawn front she property therein subject to the authority of the general government. Such an institution claims the patronage of Congress, as a monument of their solietth!.: for the advance ment of knowledge. without which the blessings of liberty cannot be fully enjoyed, or long preseri'ed as a model instructive in the formation of other semi naries, as a nursery of eulightcaed preceptors ; as a central resort of youth and gynius from every part of 44 country, diffuiing on 'their return examples of those national feelings, those liberal sentiments, and those congenial milliners, which contribute cement to our union, and strength to the great political fabric of which that is the formation. 46 In closing this ccrnmunication, I ought not to repress a sensibility, in which Inn will unite, .to the ..happy lot of our country, and to the goodn4s of a superintending ZROVIDPCZ to which we are indebted for it: Whilst other portions of mankind are labour ing under the distresses of war, or struggling with adversity in other forms, the United states are it; the tranquil enjoyment of poiperous and honourable peace. In reviewing the scenes through which it has been attained, we can rejoice in the proofs given, that our poilti cal institutions, founded in human ri&hts, and framed fur their preservation o are equal to the ! severest trials of war, as well as adapted to the ordi nary periods of Terme, _ _ _ tf As fruits of this experience, and of the reputa. ticrt acquired hp the American arms, on the land and on the water, the nation finds itstlf possessed of growing respect abroad, and of a just confidence in hall s which are arnonz the L?est pledges for its peace ful career. Under other aspects of our country, tbe strongest features of its nourishing condition are seen, is a pl.. pulation rapidly increasing, on a territory as productive as it is extensive ;. in a general industry, and fertile ingenuity g which find their ample rewards; and in an afllLynt revenue, which admits a reduction of the public bonbons, without withdrawiiig the means of sustaining the public credi:, of gradually disch.trgirg the public deb:, of providing for the. necessary deka 4ve and precautionary establishments, and of Imp nizing, in every authorised mode, undertll:ings con ducive to the aggregate wealth and inchvidual com fort of our citizens. 44 It remains for the guardians of the public welfare, to persevere in that jostiee and good.svill towards tuher nations, which invite a return of these sen -1 timents towards the jjnited states; to cherish insti tutions which guarantee their safety, and their liber ties, civil and religious; and to combine with it libe ral system of for4ign commerce, an improvement of the natural advantages, and a protection and exten sion of the independent resources of our highly fa voured and happy country. • .41 In all measures baying such objects, my faithful co-operation will be afforded. s< JAM= NADLSON. P Was4inston, Dec. 5, 11815:' WlNinon, JANUARY 3.--Yesterday her Royal Highness the Princess ,CHARLOTT E of WALES arrived at Cranbournc Lodge to dinner, from Weymouth.— This morning, after breakfast, the QU V ZN aind the Pitmcitasm went in a coach ,end four to Cranbourne pßige, and spent the morning with the Princess Ceett.torrs. They returned to the castle to dinner. The Duke of YORK yesterday held a LeTee at his Office, in the Horse Guards, wluch was but thinly at. ty ded. yes t erday Sir Humor; Lows, the Governor of St. Helena, transacted busintss With' Sir Hassey BMW IPRY, the f.Joder Secretary cf State. Lord Asinenrr takes with him to China, his Coro nation and ParliameAtary Robes as a Peer of Great Britain, to appear before the Esrpstioa. yesterday Mr. Bscxer, the 'Under Secretary of State for the Home l.)epartment, left London for BrijOrtori. Lord CATHCART ? OW Ambassador, has arrived at . Petersburgh. • The marriage of the Rttssiau Archduke NICHOLAS" with a Prussian Princess, is expected to he announced immediately it PetersbuNgh. We have received*Letters from Vera Cruz up to the 18th September, but they merely confirm what we have already published, respecting the road to Mexico being still closed. it seems the British Money Agents haie bees changed, Mr. Mutts'ss no. longer draws oti the Treasury. His Successors, at , the above date, were making bril)iant speculatious. —They were purchasing bird dollars by sixty 1 days Via on the Trpasury, at 66d r M. Ss. 6d. each, when the senile coin in London 'yesterday, at the , Bank, only sold fnt Ss. sd. per oa. equal to per dollar, and exchange on Cadis is only isci; for ' the trim of ezchange. This is certainly supplyin3 our daAciency of can at a high race. • smut It is certainly high time that Europe shoUld tOtc;• pose to live Spain faint irremediable destruction. It would be a folly and madness little short of that eXhibited by the ferscioui idiot FEItrINAND, ATM the Potentates of Europe, Who at rulers owe as a body a general protection to every branch of the European family, to suffer such enormities to continua ro be perpetrated in Sirain, as are calculatei, by their very recital, to excite in the minds of all subjects, Ole moss imgoVernable feelings of vengeance. When enorrat• ties are practised by Potentates, the (*hole body, and ail regular government - I, suffer : nor have they any way left, in flagrant cises, to undo the enr , ral evil thereby induced, bin by punishing the culptlt. The reason is obvious—none else lave power to inffct a proper punr:throent. It has lon been a matter of reproach in the mouth of some politicians, that Governments league to serve and support Governments. Now this is trite to 4, certain extent —but it is necessary. By their unitul influence, evils may be warded off from their r6isec tive States, which otherwise might prove very di;i4s , trous. On the other hand, rulers should ever recol lect, that it is just as natural, in matters corl3vp4 With popular rights and likrties, that die People cif different States should entertain a sentiment of coot. mon sympathy. It is this sentiment that :done cast render State alliances efficient; for without the con. dial support of their subjects, It r eir treaties =Hl* bt short.lived. We deny the dogma maintained by snit*, that states as such have no right to interfere in what respects the internal goverornent of other ptates. Tha semblance of propriety given to this dextrine rests on an assumed definition of the tern) « intzrt4P'—we reject every definition of this kind because they are all so vague that they leaye to be disputed after wards what is and what is not an interference with the internal Government. It is setZcient for every practical use to remark that every thing that happens within a kingdem is strictly speaking internal ; but it cannot thence follow that none of these acts can be of n nature to ju;t:fy the interference of other owers.— My neighbour - has a right to do in his own lx)use only such acts as may not endanger the peace and safety of my family. He has no right, for eraraple, taught a fire on his P arlour or drawing-room deal floor in. stead of the hearth. When our .Readers shall Lace read the letter and documents from Madrid, they will be at no loss to apply the foregoing reasoning. We call upon the powers o zot to leave their work hall done. The first glorious Continental stand against tyranny was made in Spain. Let not the ners who did. so much for the common cause wear out .heir existence in prisons and fetters. In one word—con sign F saDINAND 10 a 044.1u)use s the only place lit for such maniacs and let a Regeacj h again Cita' blished in Spair., NAVAL INTEL .L IGENCE. P3RTsNIOUTH JANUARY s. Arrived his I+l4jesty's ships DtspaTcit from a cr1;71;e ; and METINE front Cork. Sailed the Albion, Fisi:an, for Bengal ; Maitland, 44,tsr,y, for temdcm ; GrOrge, LIKAAC, for Mars• Ales ; Adams, Cotxuaa, for the Smith Seas ; liindostan store ship for the Weit Prevoyant stare ship for till. Westwat d ; Ridley, Rio. DLE, tor Buenos Ayres; Lady I-inward, Tau t% foe Glepacii; Charles and Edward, Cr.c.r.v.s, for Ostend. RAMSCATE, JANUARY S. The wind l i ving veered toward the N,N.W .m;o7 of the coasters and small yessel4 hound have sailed this tide. The sloop Prosority, Ptittx, that was sunk at the back of the Pier, and sold yes:. terday as she lay, has this day been got off au4 iuto harbour. JANUARY a. Arrived the Lark packet with a mail and pawn gers from klelvoctsluys, (and not from Cs:haven, as mentioned yesterday), and the Lord Nelso4 packet, with a mail, Scc. from ditto. PEAL, JA*UARY S. Sailed the whole of the outward-bound, with the exception of the following ;—the cabaln, Hiss ; Lady Melville 4 4C/CIP , TEA and the Cumberland, Witaawsou, for the East Indies.—Wind Doi ea. 4 ANVARY tin her part of, the Ist (Royal) Dragoont, aod the 51st • ( Light Infantry) Regiment, landed this day from Cskis. '1 ne slst is to march for. Portsmouth ; and the second Eattalion 45th Regiment, which came over yesterday, will embark for Ireland in a•few days. Yesterday a Coprt of Directcrs was held at the East )India House, when Captain W. Copan!., of the.ship General Hewitt, took leave of the Court; previous to departing for Ch pea direct. .•. We have received Jamaica Papers and Letters to the 7th November. They principally relate to the ravages of the late hurricane. 'morn them we give the following extracts P By the Pap* we learn s that General *MILO quitted his post at Turbaco, on the night of )silt October; and on the following morning C 3 sail of lair squadron were descried from the heights of La ropa, to weigh anchor. It was, consequently, conjectn:ed that the army had re-eakbarhed and proceeded erthec for Santa Martha or Porto Bello. “ The Tarok frigate, Captain Jaws; arrived of Cartbagena on4th October. Is An American vessel l with 1300 barrels of flour bad left Coops for Cartbagena." We have also received a file of Carthagena Amiga It appears that as soon as the Government of the above place was organized under the order, of iiissasuozz, he pent out 3,090 glens under the rota. mend of General ANDRUDX• to attack the sPaaiardr, but he found theybad already retreated the island of Barn. maica for Caraccass the stews fro*, which criFtfrit Central &WA , was shady to leave ja , fully cella:med.