Star. — London, England, 1811-12-25 00:00:00

FROM LAST NIGHT'S GAZETTE, FOREIGN-OFFICE, DEC. 21, 1811. The Marquis Wellesley, his Majesty's principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, has this day notified to the Ministers of friendly powers resident at this Court, that his Royal Highness the Prince Regent, acting in the name and on the behalf of his Majesty, has judged it expedient to direct that the necessary measures should be taken to place the en trance of the river Guadalquivir so far under the restrictions of blockade, that no vessel shall be per. :flitted to enter which shall have on board bread, flour, grain, provisions of any kind whatever, (ex cepting such as may be fairly deemed sea-stores for the use of the crew), warlike or naval stores, or tiny article or articles intended to be, or usually con verted into warlike or naval stores; and that all the measures authorised by the law of nations, and the respective treaties between his Majesty and the dif ferent neutral powers, will be adopted and executed with respect to all vessels laden as aforesaid, that may attempt ta violate the s rid blockade. DOWNING-STREET, DECEMBER 24, 1211. 4 Dispatch, of which the following is an extract, was yesterday morning received at Lord Liverpool's Office, addressed to his Lordship by General ViecountWellington, dated Frenada, ith December, 1811. According to the interttion which I communicated izo your Lordship, I withdrew our advanced guard across the Agueda on the 29th. Dim Carlos D'Espagne has informed me, that he attacked the enemy on the 28th of November, on their retreat from the Sierra de Francia, between Miranda and Endrinal, with a agtachment of Don Julian Sanchey's infantry, and a deutchrneat of the regiment tie he Prinzessa. On tivir arrival at En drinal they were attacked by Don Juli m Sanzhey with his cavalry, and were obliged to form in a square, Don Carlos informs me that the enemy suffered considerable loss; and that his troops got possession of some of the money, of which the enemy had plundered the inhabitants of the Sierra de Francia. Don Carlos D'Espagne mentions particularly th e conduct of Lieutenant William RAd, of the Royal Engineers, who attended him upon this expedition, baying before been employed to perform a service tinder his directions. ADMIRALTY OFFICE, DECEMBER 24. , This day, in pursuance of the pleasure of his Royal Highness the Prince Regent, in the name and on the behalf of his Majesty, his Royal Highness William Henry Duke of Clarence, Admiral of the Rea, WAS promoted to the rank of Admiral of the Fleet, in the room of Admiral Sir Pett.r Parker, Bart. deceased. MILARY PROMOTIONS. WAR-OFFICE, DECEMBER 2 . 4. EuRATum in the Gazette of the T2d October last. 79th Foot. Tor Ensign Charles isl'Artitui, to be Lieutenant, vice Forbes, deceased — ;lead Ensign Charles M'Arthur to be Lieutenant, vice Archibald Fraser, deceased. -- - - Commissions in the Portsca Volunteer Artillery. _ . signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Hantr.. pecond lieutenant John Lewis to be First lieutenant, vice Baug burst, dikmissed by eider of his Royal ilighm 63 the Prince Re gent. Dated December 13,181 3. William Goldsmith, Gent. to be Second Lieutenant, vice Lewis, promoted. Dated a, above. Commissions signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the Comity of Norfolk. - 2d or Eastern Regiment of Norfolk Militia. Sir Orford Gordon, Bart to be C.Ttair, vice Barker, resigned. Dated December t"., 1611. 44verick. Love, G.nt. to be Lieutenant, vice Dunn, resigned.— Dated as above. Ist Eastern Regimcnt of Norfolk Local Militia. Robert Tomlinson, Gent. to be Second Lieutenant, vice Shep heard, promoted. Dated October 7, 1811. 2d Eastern Regiment of Norkllc Local Militia. William Tomlinson, Gent. to be Ensign, vice Beckwith, resigned. Dated October 17, 1811. 3d Western Regiment of Norfolk Local Militia. Adjutant George Henry Guyon to be Captain, by brevet. Deed • November 4, IBM Commissions signed by the Lord Warden of the Benjamin Griffiths the yowler, et Birmingham, gun Maker; dealer and cbamnan, January 19, 14, and Feb. 4, at eleven, at the Shakespeare Tavern, Birmingham. Attornies, Mr. Tho mas Badfield, No. 4, Hind-court, Fleet-street, London y or Mr E. T. Meredith, Great Charles street, Birmingham. Stephen Clover, late of Petticoat•lane, London, vistualler, deakr and chapman, Dec. 31, January 7, and Feb. 4, at twelve, at Guildhall. Atturne7, Mr. Coppage, Jernsyn-street, St. lanag I's. George Roffey, late of No. 94, Great St. Helen's, London, mer chant and ship-agent, dealer and chapman, Dec. 31, January 7, and Feb 4, at twelve, at Guildhall. Attorney, Mr. G. H. Kirtors No. 9, New Broad-street, Royal Exchange. Robert Wallace, of Bath, linen-draper, dealer and chapman, January SI, 11 7 and Feb. 4, at eleven, at the Angel Inn and 'Ds vern, Bath. Anomie., Mr. Edmund Walker, Exchequer-office, Lincoln's-Inn or 45, Chancery-lane, London ; or Mr. R. A. Sheppard, Ba th. Joseph Dale, of irlam, Lancashire, innkeeper, dealer and chap man, January :3, 14, and Feb. 4, at eleven, at the Globe Ta vern, Liverpool. Attornies, Mr. Meddowcroft, Gray's•lnn, London; or Mr. Davies, Fenwick-street, Liverpool. Michael late of Wapping, Middlesex, ship - chandler, biscuit-baker , dealer and chapman, December 49, January 4, at twelve, and Feb. 4, at one, at Guildhall. Attornies, Messrs. Palmer, Tomlinsons, and Thomson, Copthall-court, Throg• morton4treet. Thomas Kent, late of London -street, Ratcliffe, Middlesex, meal man, corn-dealer and chapman, Dec. 31, Joratary 14, and Feb. 4, at ten, at Guildhall. Attorney, Mr. Rich, Ratcliffe-Cross, London. Matthias tlilger the elder, and Matthias Bilger the younger, of Piccadilly, 11,2iddlai ex, copartners, goldsmiths, and jewellers, December 28, Jan.'ery 7, and Feb. 4, at eleven, at Guildhall. Attornies, Messr...tldriage and Smith, No. 9, Lincoln's-Inn, New-square. William Tipple, late of White Cross-street, but now of Golden lane, Middlesex, grocer, dearer and chapman, January 11,14, at ten, and Feb. 4, at one, at Guildhall. Attorney, Mr. 1). Thomas ' No. 26, Bartlett's•Builtlings, Holborn. Charles Deale, of Newgate-strett, London, taylor, dealer and chapsnan, January 4, at twelve, Jan. 7, at one, and Feb. 4, at twelve, at Guildhall. Attorneys, Messrs. Williams and Wil mot, No. 5, New-Inn. Henry Shuttltworth, late of Ludgate-bill, London, (but now a prisoner in the King's Bench,) optician, dealer and chapman, December 31, January 7, and Feb. 4, at twelve, at Guildhall. Attorneys, Messrs. Denton and Barker, Gray's-Inn. John Faaaktrley, of Liverpool, taylor and draper, dealer and chaptnan, January 11, 22, and Feb. 4, at eleven, at the (llobe Tavern, in Liverpool. Attorneys, Mr. Archibald Keigh ley, Liverpool; or Messrs. Tarrant, Clarice, and Richards, Chancery-lane, Lonilm. John N hitaker and Rob:rt Alsop, of Manchester, grocers, chan dlers, tca-deali.rs, dealers, chariness, and copar ners, January 10, 11, and Feb. 4, at ten, at the Coach and Him ses, in Man chester. Attornies, Mr. Basnett, Manchester; or Mr. Huxley, Temple, London. DIVIDENDS. Jan. 3. J. Whittle, Liverpool, tdi'or.—lan. 14. T. Sprnston, Tewkesbury, draper.—Jan. 2s. H. Thotnion, Newcastle-upon- Tyne, woollen-dr.-pun—Jai. 20. N. Porter, Eiriningliam, factor, —Jan. !.30. J.N.-Ntt, E. Scewart, and J. Nes:nu, Attlermanbur:, merchants—Jun. 25. R. Hamilton, Old Broad-street, undetw riter. Jar.. 2.1. H. Jackson, Mincing-lane, merchant.—Jan. 14. W. Newport, King's-read, coach maker—Jan. 28. S. P. Seager, Maidstone, dealer—Jan. 14. '1 homas Wetherby, Great St. Tim mas Apostle, ironmonger--Jan. 14. H. Hutchings, jun. Higb Holborn, baker-4 an. 14. W.Warwick, Red Lion-st est, Clerken well, jeweller—Jan. 14. J. Wsllis, G. M. Jukes, J. Q. Jackson, and J. Langley, Salisbury•square, merchants—Jan. 18. 1. Byrn, Broad -street, insurance-broker—Jan. 22. J. Fleet, Mill-street, Lambeth, miller---Jan. 25. S. Jones, Wardour-street, Soko, grocer—Jar. 15. J. Maynard, Wells, Somersrtshire, cabinet maker—Jan. Y 5. W, Jarman, Crosby-row, Walworth, uphol sterer---Jan. IL W. Cockrill, S,allingborough, Lincolnshire, salesman—Jan. 25. T. Dowding, Paternoster-row, warehouse man—Jan. 14. F. Cane, }Timm Selwood, S'omerseishire, victual ler--Jan. 25. J. Peters, Portsmouth, merchant—Jan. 28. B. In gram, Old-street, bedstead-maker- -Feb. 1. J. Thompson, Hand court, Upper Thames-street, wholesale stationer--Feb. 4. W. Jowsey, North Alletion, Yorkshire, grocer—Jan. 25. A. Dallas, Tower-bill, wine and porter-merchant---Jan. 25. S. Dunar, St. Paul's Church-yard, trunc-maker—Jau. 28. W. Webb, West minsitx-bridge road, coal-merchant. CERTIFICXTES, JANUARY 14. B. Crooke, Manchester, merchant—T. F. lingli.h, Great M arlow, shopkeeper—B. Roome, Great Carter-lane, coach maker—C. Berry, Barnsley, Yorkshire, linen maruaracturtr—W. Corran, Liverpool, liquor-merchant---P. MacL•ews, Copthall court, merchatit-5. Hancock, Rotherluthr-street, mast and block-maker—S. br..wm idge, Leech, merchant—W. Butcher, Sutromin-Ashfielel, mercer—T. Fr.:ernan, Dyer's court, ware houseman—W. W. Desciianips, Lawrence-Pountney-lane, mer chant. StAnnanes. Michael Williams, Esq to be a Deputy Warden for the County of Cornwall. Wattvick Heie Tonkin, jun. Esq. to be a Deputy Warden for the County of Devon. Commissions in the Canterbury Vidunteeri, signed by the Lord Lieutenant of the County of Kota. Adjutant I'. W. Fowler, to be Captain, by brevet. D. 44 No • vember 19, ism Rifle Company attached to ditto. Charles Sandys, Omit. to be Second Lieutenant. Dated Nctvem btr 19, 1811. BANKRUPTCIES ENLARGED. January 4. Thomas Cotton, of Bishoppse-street, London, in surance-broker, dealer and chapsnan, at ten, at Gull . ihall. BANKRUPTCY SUPERSEDED. GLorge Smith, of the Kent Road, Surrey, carpenter. Basuutl Cvtrk, late of Charloste.stree, Rathbotie-place,Oxford. street, Middlesex, taylor, dealer and chapman. BANKRUPTS. George liineki-y, of Tame-water, paris'i of Eaddieworth, York shire, manursciurer, dealer and chapman, to Sur enkl,r January / 10, 11, and febrivAry 4, at two, at the Moseley Arms Inn, Manchester. Anomie;, Mr.hu:kley, Manchester; or Messrs. Milne and Parry, Tmple, I.o.nion. Wiairre Carrington t:,. younger, cf FE:ston, Lancaß`ire, mann facturtr, dealer and chapman, January ti, 7, and Feb. 4, at 11, at the Dog Tavern, !Manchester. Attornies, Messrs. Halstead and Ainsworth, Manchester; or Messrs. Milne and Parry, Tenyle, L.onlnv. Wilawn Ca lesby the younger, late of Canterbury, cabinetmaker and upholder,' December so, at six, January t.'o, and Feb. 4, at elevcn, at the G 14111131, in Canterbury. Attornies, Mr. Hodges, Canterbury ; or Messrs. Brace and Plower, No. 4, E. x-court, Temp'e, London. Pa vici Minas, of New Castle Emb'yn, Carmarthenshlre, shop keel•er, dealer and chapman, Dec. 31, January 3, and Feb. 4, at twelve, at the Wite Hart Inn, Bristol. Attornles, Messrs. Edward Daniel and Sen. firistol ; or Meagre. Pearson and Son, Pump-court, '1 emp!e, London. John Whitmore, of Worcester, dealer and chapman, January I I, 14, at three,yrrd February 4, at eleven, at the Guildhall : Cofre-house, Worcester. Attorney Mr. George Hill Broad atreat, Worcester, .. PARTNERSIEPS DISSOIVED. J. Beveridge and A. Watt, Dunfsrml:ne, manufacturers —G FLlter and W. Sutton, Preston, Latrashire, siatrs—t:. Dillvvyn and E. R. Buchanan, Stowniarket, sutrolk, timh r-merchants -11. Ish well and J. Anderson, lioundsditeh, hack makers-4. Nib- Nett, jun. and P. Hughes, fly'ord's-court,Crutchelfriars, wine merchants—B. Stanbury anu T. Mai tyn, Plyninuth, carpenters. S. S. Clapham and G. Vincent, jun. Leeds, merchants—G. Gold mid, D. Elia•.nn, and A. Gdttismid, Leman-street, Goalman's fields, merchants- •J. Pat and J. Young—G. Braniall and D. Jolet, Liverpool, grocers—R. Watkins and J. Wolff, Poland street, Oxford -street, blanchnionge-mould-matmfacturers-4. R. and B. C. Cocker, Nassau-street, Soho--T. Barnett, Weedln, Nor hamptonsin re, and lt. Evans, Wolverhampton, carriers—W. and M. Baker, Pershore, Worcestershire, carriers. SPANISH PAPERS. CORTES.-FIF FEENTH D.Y. The discussion of the Constitution WAS removed, and the following Articles approved, without altera- tiODS : JUDICIAL POWER. Title sth.-0i the Tribunals, and Civil and Cri minal Administration of Justice.—Chapter Ist. of the Tribunals. . . ---..---- Art. 24 t. The power of applying the Laws in Civil and Cri minal Causes belongs exclusively to the Tribunals. Art. 242. Neither the Cortes nor King can, under any circuits stauces, exercise the judicial functions, delay pending causes, nor alter judgments pronounced. Art. 243. The Laws shall determine the formalities of the pro. Item, and neither the Cortes nor King can dispense with then. Art. 244. Th.t Tribunals shall exercise no other functions than those of judging, and causing the judgment to be carried into exe cu:ion. Art. 245. They likewise shall not suspend the execution of the I.aws, nor make any regulations for the administration of justice. Art. 246. No Spaniard shall be tried, either in civil or crimi nal matter, by a commission, but by the competent Tribunals alone, as established by the law. Art. 247. In commun affairs, civil anel criminal, there shall be one law only fur all classes of persons. FROM THE CONCISO OF NOV. SO. ERRORS WHICH ARE VERY USEFUL TO US. There are a certain description of errors committed by the satellites of the Corsican, which we should know in order to profit by. Regnaud, Governor of Ciudad Rodrigo, believing the partisans dared not approach that fortress, went out from it, attended by a few people, his error precipitated him into the hands of the valiant D. Julian. Girard supposing that the allies never thought of giving, but receiving, and trusting in this, did not expect General Hill was in search of him ; his error threw him into the net, ruined his division, and caused honour to the Allied Arms. Reille, Governor of Pampeluna, thinking Mina was a man without discernment, laid a trap for him—his error made it turn against himself. Ciria thought the insurgents dared not approach his petty Court, which confidence induced him to act incau tiously ; this error caused bim to fall into the poWer of the celebrated Chaleco, and pay, by an infamous death, for the many murdurs he had committed.— The enema considered that a ?artisan had neither IMMBURVI PAPERS. valotir nor skill to rescue from his power a prisoner; hid error procured the escaping from his claws of a gallant Eoglislim.m (Colonel Grant) by the assist- ance•Of the valiant Tempiano, who, convinced of thel singular merit and scrvites rendered by that stranger, determined to use every possible exertion to save and succeeded. Soult thought that with 12,000 Van dals he could overtake General Ballasteros, and his small division; his error covered him with ignominy, and the expedition was frustrated with the loss of more than 2000 of his people. Semeli supposed the inaurgents did not understand rapid marches, nor dared to place themselves between Ronda and Arcos ; his error brought about a surprise, and he was con fused, confounded, and routed by the indefatigable Ballasteros. The French having fortified themselves in a point, did not believe the partisans possessed either sufficient art or boldness to drive them from it • their error made them fall into the snare, and in Calatayud the celebrated Duran undeceived six hun dred of them. These seven recent examples demonstrate that we may derive great advantages from the faults of our TEMESWAR, OCTOBER 27. enemies, who, as we have frequently observed, either ; . The last letters state that the Turkish forces ua!er lose all their skill on passing to this side of the Pyren the Grand Vizier have been reduced to the greatest nees, or are not so valiant, so irresistible, nor so in- straits, and have sued for an armistice, which has been vincible as they boast : or that the Spaniards, not- refused by General Kutusow, who has taken 5000 withstanding their little discipline, are superior to prisoners and an immetne quaetity of military store:. them—the experience of forty-two months contest General MarkofPs engagement was m;•,:e decisive proves this last. than what was thought exaggerated reports A campaign, a single battle was sufficient to subdue a northern nation ; more than 3 years and a half of ' BASIL, NOVEMBER continual fighting, many battles, and the over-running ' Count Gottcrp, late King ref Sweden, lives here in the whole Peninsula, are not enough to enable 80. the most retired mantes. his chief amusement is ti:e naparte, with strict truth to say, I have subjected a public lectures. single village in Spain ! His error has already cost MUNICH, NOVEMBER 17. him 300,000 combatants. I All the officers, subalterns, and soldiers, stafor.ed VICINITY OF LEON, NOV. CS. lon the banks of,the Rhine, and forming part of the The customary garrisons remain in Leon, Astor. Royal Bavarian army, have been disbanded and seat ga, Orbigo, Mansilla, &c. &c. partial movements are into their native country. continually taking place. FRANKFORT, NOV. et. On the 23d ult. was interred the Bishop of Leon. According to accounts from Al.e.leturg of yesterday, tl.e fol lowing quantities of culculal p;o.auce passed through that pla:e fur this city :- 2,985,000 kilograms of dared, raw, and refined sugar.- 1,500,003 ditto West India cotton.-130,000 ditto Ben g al and We have received a regular series of Thr Hat:Jur:7, Corrapoadent to the 30th uit. from v,+;;11 w t. h a ., Mack the subsequent interesting extracts, annouacing in the two first articles some further consideral4e suc cesses of the Russians over the Turkish army. JASSY, OCTOPER si. According to advices from the head-quarters of the Turkish army, it w.ss a third tirtie defeated on the night of the 17th and morning of the 18th by a corps of 7000 men; they, however, were fortunate enough to secure a retreat across the Danube, althou , h se:tir great loss. The Russians afterwards attacked th Turkish camp near Rudschuck, and having made a ?Teat booty, pursued their enerni:s as far as firnowo. fhis success no longer renders dubious the fate of tl:.: ITurkish force; that have en , renched themselves on the islands of the river. The news was this day celebrated by a solemn le Deum, and the city will at night 1:4 YELVES, NOV. 23. They write fr , m our head-quarters, that, under the appearance of inaction, the utmost activity is ob served, and that the Patriots act very advantageous ly, and daily bring in prisoners, although in small numbers. Chaiico has taken 400, the greater part of them juramentados, who are daily expected in Valencia de Alcantara. Our small division is in Caceres, but is in great want of provisions. We have not yet learned that Marmont has passed the Tejo, and only know that he caused a part of his troops, who had arrived at Truxillo, to retrocede to their former positions. What pleases us much is, the observing the activity of our Generals, and the per suasion that the greatest union and friendship sub sists between them. - - . West India indigo.--1,000,000 ditto coffee.-106,000 ditto dying materials. — From Milan the following Lad been sent on the road to this country :-3,250,000 kilograms of raw, clayed, and reined sugar. —50,000 ditto coffee.-50,000 ditto pe?per, pimento, Scc. A. large quantity of cotton has Lkcwise arrived here from other quarters, and the transport of ccloLia: produce car.not terminate until the end of the year. FROM THE MAINE, NOV. 22. The Regiment of Lancers have been found so ef fective in the Peninsula, that in obedience to the com mand of his Majesty the Emperor of the French, se veral new corps are forming in various parts of Ger many. His Majesty the King of Wirtemburg has agreed tb furnish one regim:nt, two others will be raised in Saxony. TILL EVENING SIIAR. LONDON. WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 25. CIIILISTUAS D.Y.—Holiday at all the Public Mee. An Anholt Mail arrived this morning, but, with the exception of a rumour that peace is about to be restored between Russia and Turkey, the contents are of little interest. We have so often heard of this event being on the eve of consummation, and been so often dis.lppointed, that we are not inclined to much credit to the repetition of the statements on t:.c present occasion. The following are a few extracts from the papers brought by the above mail : EXTRACT OF A LETTER FROM COPENHAGEN, D %TED NOVEMBER 16, Ibll. "They write from Wy he rg, upon the rerort of s:ve ral travellers, that the tempest which reiped the Lit ter end of the preceding month and the c,mmence ment of the present, had destroyed the greater part of the enemy's fleet which had passed the Belt." LEIPZIC, NOVEMBER 10. Within some time past several hundrtJs of small Russian carriages, called kebilke, have arrived her?, loaded with furs, tallow, grain, &c. The driver, their horses and carriages here, not being able to ob tain freight back to Russia. CORSOER, DECEMBF.R 10. Thirteen ships have arrived here this day from t!.e southward, ero of which are line.of-battle ship; ani came to anchor between Langland and Wresen. DECEMBER 10.—To-day, at one p. m. the enemy's ships in the Belt weighed anchor and stood to the Northward ; at four o'clock they had not all passel Shroe Island ; and in the evening they came to anchor to the Northward of Flaskov R'ef. ELSINEUR. DECEMBER S. The navigation appears to be closed for this year, although a little coasting trade is still carried on.— Our privateers have returned from their cruizes. COPENHAGEN DECEMBER to. On the 21st of November one of the enemy's fri i gates approached the entrance of the Lunn Fyord and sent out her boats to take possession cf 11 Swedish boats which bad arrived from the northward, and a', ) a Norwegian schooner and two sloops that were lyu off the Fyord. The Commandant immediately be. : two Pieces of flying artillery to the coast, manuA two boats with soldiers, and requested Lieutenant Ohm. who was laying with a lugger at Mils, t 1 F I: to sea. They accordingly joined to save the fo, - I said vessels. The lugger and schooner, which 1 b . . had only one gun, cannonaded the long-boats wi..l, such good effect that They quitted the ships off t'... Fyord and endeavoured to take the 11 Swedish boa* , . for whose protection both the lugger and the 11)i..! artillery battery came forward and fired with suei SALAMANCA, NOV. 13. Here there are balls and masks, which are attend ed by the French partisans only. The produce of these diversions, with which they attempt to divert the attention of the public, is destined for the civil hospital. PENFERRADA, NOV. ^,. The intelligence which we have received from Ma drid and Valencia comes down to the 3d instant, and very favourable to the Spanish arms. In effect Su chet finds himself the sport of the brave and gallant Valencians, who in consequence of the good disposi tions of their worthy Chiets, have retired with the loss of some warlike stores. Some letters of the 2d, and others of the 4th, from Valladolid, say, that their loss had been of great consideration, and that the patriots lrtd entered victorious into Zarayeza. Referring to their positions, this tvill not be doubted ; but this last news requires confirmation. (FROM THE CORUNNA DIARY, OF DEC. 3 10 gg ASTURIANS !—Your unfortunate lot will still re main the same, while the policy of those who possess the civil and military authority over you continues unchanged. Hal in view what has passed in other provinces, and especially in Gallicia, to prevent inva sion ; or if that should be effected, to repel the enemy, and annihilate them.in every point. If your Govein ment, instead of having shamefully disarmed the people, and thus extinguishing, in a great measure, the Asturian enthusiasm, and acting on it in a man ner contrary to the system of nature, had provided them with arms and ammunition, training and exer cising on holidays, and at all convenient times, the robust limbs and bodies with which this country abounds, the effect would have been, that the division of between 7 and 3,000 men, commanded by Senor Losada, wl:ich could not prevent the entrance into Asturias cf an equal force, under General Bonnet, would have had a body of reserve of 15 or 20,000 ; men, capable alone of putting an end for ever, to Bonnet and his invasions. 'l'his reserve has been wanting, because, it had not been provided for in time, and nothing now remains but regret and lamen tation. Unhappy country, which the enemy tramples under foot, and ravages whenever be pleases, not withstanding its being one entire fortress in the opi nion of Bonaparte. gg Because a division of 15 or 20,000 French has not penetrated into Gallicia, does it follow that in column it could not do it ? The troops which defend the entrances of this kingdom would do their duty, but still in their present state they could not prevent it; if in the Asturias there were only 20,000 men skilled in the use of the musket, neither Bonnet nor any other General would dare to invade, much less invade this mountainous ground, without a numerous army, since, in every valley, hill, and defile, they would meet combatants, and even death. 44 Without further fatiguing myself, beloved As turians, in demonstrating this truth, it only remains to recommend that some of you will point out upon what ground your Juntas and military Chitfs support their opinion of not organizing respectable volunteers. I know there was a time when they feared the armed peasantry, but the excellent conduct of those should long since have banished such foes. " Asturians 1 be not discouraged ; your superior Junta possesses wisdom and prudence, it will listen to your entreaties, demand a levy of ? warlike men, you will not then be obliged to carry on a petty war fare against the French, who know the badness of their cause ; and if, contrary to your wishes and mine, you should not be attended to, or difficulties are thrown in the way, direct tour complaints to the National Congress," ;t