The Press. — London, England, 1855-02-03 00:00:00

FEBRUARY 3, 1855. lortign Olorresponentt. FRANKFORT, Jan. 30. The news of the resignation of Lord John Russell arrived here by the telegraph, and forms the all engrossing topic of discussion. The Russian and Prussian party were not prepared for this, and view it as a most untoward event. This resignation, with the astounding fact of the French loan, have depressed the Russian adherents, and they are awaiting with anxiety for the result of the parliamentary doings. Whatever may occur, they are conscious that the war party is paramount, and this has already had a material effect upon the very high and mighty Princes, and their august councillors. The pecu liarity of the success attending the French loan has disposed of all uncertainty as to the sympathy of the nation with the Emperor and his Government ; and the imminent peril of the Aberdeen Ministry, with the advent of Lord Palmerston to the Ministry of War—the least of threatened evils—has given a dis agreeable turn to affairs in the Russian interest. Yet the well-informed of the Anglo-German-Russians believe, and are taught to believe, that Lord Aber deen, backed by a high power and its representative " de facto et de jure," will cling with desperation to office, and endeavour to retain it at every hazard. With a packed majority in the house, be will only succumb to the " force majeure" of public opinion. The animosity of the Russian frondeurs is chiefly turned against Lord Palmerston and Mr. Disraeli. The name of the latter has been seldom mentioned hitherto, not from an ignorance of his political value, but from the jealous care not to raise the question of so dangerous an antagonist. They hold Lord Derby, Lord Palmerston, and Mr. Disraeli, to be the incar nation of anti-Germanic and anti-Russian policy ; and they imagine, not unwisely, that should their views of foreign affairs prevail in Parliament, the union with France and with the Emperor and his army will be complete and perfect—all hope for the house of Orleans would vanish—and Germany be ultimately devastated by an internecine conflict. Trifles have often a salutary value ; and the fact of General Canrobert having supplied the English army with 10,000 " capotes," and that the English are now fighting in French uniforms, has made an impression far greater than might have been sup posed. The asperity towards England is steadily in creasing, for every advance in the "entente cordiale" with France is supposed to be a step backward in retreat from German connection. If Austria can be induced to be sincere, or can be forced into a right path, she may now regain a strong position ; but by a middle course she will be inevitably ruined. Every misdeed of Prussia is in her favour. Since the latter country has been ejected from participating in the approaching Congress, her agents have not consi dered themselves bound to withhold their opinions, and have expressed themselves openly. They say that should Sir Hamilton Seymour be sent to Vienna to assist at the conference, Russia has no chance of justice. They are satisfied with Lord Westmoreland, not so with M. de Bourqueney, and still less with M. de Morny, should he be appointed. This may afford a clue to certain political passages in the visits of Lord Palmerston and Lord John Russell to Paris, the results of which are apparent enough. In the meantime the Emperor Napoleon has not transmitted an order to Vienna to negotiate. There is a strong mercantile party here, and a little curious gossip took place lately with some of the leaders. It appears that the head of one of the Frankfort firms was a short time since in London, and in an interview with two of the most eminent bankers of the city the conversation turned on the financial position of England. Both bankers spoke with the highest respect of the personal character of Mr. Gladstone —withholding, however, alt confidence in his fiscal arrangements. They said that he was considered unsafe and an adventurer—that he would not submit to be advised, or to listen to any remon strance against his own projects, to which he clung with obstinate tenacity—that one wild scheme was followed by another, and all were more or less deter mined failures. It was also asserted that Mr. Glad stone has by nature a most inaccurate memory, and that the retention in his mind of the particular de tails of financial operations was a work of labour; and, in fact, that his memory is, and has always been, organically deficient. So long as he remained in office, they added, the market would always have a tendency to remain tight. Mr. Disraeli was very frankly eulogised by these persons, and they affirmed that no greater financial display had been achieved for a long time than had been exemplified by him in the defence of his budget, single-handed and without assistance. The expression of the Frankfort mer chants in giving their opinions was, " l'etait son pre • . mier coup, mail c'etait un coup de maitre." The bankers landed his willingness to acquire informa tion by every possible moans, and to listen def.- THE PRESS. rentially and with urbanity to those whose lives and fortunes had been passed in the study of financial affairs. They said he was comprehensive in his views of State finance, and masterly in the arrange ment of details, and they also quoted the correctness of his judgment of Mr. Gladstone's fiscal abortions, which have followed exactly in the manner he had predicted. The Emperor of the French appealed to France for twenty-five millions, and obtained in stantly eighty-five. Mr. Gladstone petitioned the English market for eight millions, and failed. Can a more startling proof be given of a want of financial ability, and an absence of confidence on the part of the moneyed public? _ _ J. E. :onion an 4 (colonial 3ntelligettre. FRANCE. • Two decrees of Napoleon 111. have been published in the Suisse, one, ordering the formation of a second Foreign Legion, to be assimilated in all respects, like the one already existing, to the French troops of the line. All the officers are to be foreigners, and the pay and allowances for officers and men are to be the same as in the French army. The other decree ap points Colonel Ochsenbein, lately head of the mili tary department in Switzerland, to the command of this new legion, with the rank of general of brigade. The number of the French army for Austria is limited to 80,000 men. It will pass through Lom bardy, and prove to the Italians the reality of the alliance of France with Austria. General Schramm is spoken of as likely to command under the Em peror, who, it is rumoured, will take the field. A fifth battery of the Artillery of the Imperial Guard is now being organised in Paris. Each regi ment of that arm is to furnish twenty men, two non commissioned officers, and a trumpeter, chosen from among the best conducted of the corps. Prince Napoleon, accompanied by his father, Prince Jerome, has arrived in Paris at the Palais Royal. The Emperor has ordered that, in compliance with the prayer of the Prefect of the Gironde, a bust in marble of Marshal St.. Arnaud shall be executed at the expense of the Ministry of State, and be placed in the hall of the council-general of that de• partment. GERMANY. The Wanderer of Vienna says : 2 —" The ambassa dors of France and England have received despatches from their Governments, in consequence of which the conferences between them and Count de Buol, for some time interrupted, were resumed. These con ferences relate to the military measures to be taken in accordance with the treaty of Dec. 2." The Turkish ambassador received on Wednes lay special powers to attend the conference on behalf of his Sovereign. Like powers were expected for the Western ambassadors, hut had not arrived. General Count de Renneville is designated by the Emperor of Austria for a military mission to the Emperor of the French. The Count left Vienna for Paris on Tuesday last. It is said that the military stipulations are agreed upon between the three powers, although no mili tary convention has, as yet, been concluded. M. de Bruck was expected to arrive at Trieste on Thursday en route for Vienna. The King of Prussia has determined to make another attempt at separate negotiation. Lieutenant- General Wedel is about to proceed on a special , mission to the government of the Emperor Na poleon. The Post Ampt Gazette says : The mission with which General de Wedell is charged by the King of Prussia to Paris has for object to point out in a precise manner the public right of Prussia to take part in all conferences of the great powers as called for by the place she occupies in the European concert. A number of Prussian ship-carpenters and other artificers had been engaged for service in their respective callings in the French dockyards. The police, however, refused to give them passports or permit them to quit the country, alleging it to be a breach of neutrality. Prussian surgeons are at the same time allowed to take service in the armies of the Czar. A proposition to mobilise the forces of the Confe deration was brought before the Federal Diet at Frankfort on the 25th ult., by Austria. The propo sition was opposed by Prussia. On Wednesday last the Austrian proposition was rejected and withdrawn at the sitting of the committee of the Diet. Prussia's motion on the preparations for war on the same day was accepted. ITALY. The Sardinian treaty of alliance with France and England, and also the two coventions annexed, were signed on the 26th ult. The military convention made by the Piedmontese Government with England and France stipulates as follows 111 The King of Sardinia will provide a corps d'arolie o 15,000 men, organised in five bngades, forming two divi sions and a reserve brigade. He will keep up the numerical strength of this corps d'art's& by the regular expedition of reinforcements. The Sardinian Government will provide for the pay and provisioning of these troops. France and England guarantee the integrity of the Sardinian States, and will defend them against any attack during the war. The President of the council of Ministers presented on the 28th to the Turin Chambers : —l. The act of ad hesion of Piedmont to the treaty of alliance concluded on the 10th of April between France and England. 2. The military convention concluded with the two Western powers for the sending of 15,000 men to the Crimea. 3. An additional convention with Eng land, relating to a loan of twenty-live millions of francs to be contracted by Piedmont. The French cavalry had arrived at Genoa, where it has been received with demonstrations of sympathy on the part of the army and population. • • ka SPAIN. M. Madoz, the new Minister of Finance, has a?. pointed M. Cantero, who was Minister of Finance in the Olozaga Cabinet, to be Director of the Bank of St. Ferdinand. M. Pinilla has been named Director- General of Taxes. TURKEY. Accounts from Constantinople of the 22nd state that a change of Ministry was expected. Negotiations with Greece had been concluded, and Rustem Bey, the Ottoman Commissioner, had been recalled. Omer Pacha has tendered his resignation, in con sequence of the refusal of Ismail Pacha to obey his instructions in Roumelia. It has been decided at Constantinople that the principalities of Moldavia anti Wallachia shall fur nish 70,000 men, comprising the troops already existing. Zarif Mustapha Pacha, late commander-in•chief of the army in Asia, has Leon disgraced and put in prison. Enact Effendi is named as the Turkish Plenipo tentiary for the conferences at Vienna. The Sultan has conferred the decoration of Grand Visir on the Bey of Tunis, as a mark of his satisfac tion at the prompt manner in which the Tunisian troops were sent to the East to take part in the war. A Constantinople letter of the 18th ult. states In a few days a firman is to appear on the subject of corruption among officials. The new law is due to the exertions of the British ambassador, and is said to be coualied in the must stringent terms and to direct the severest penalties. It will be remembered that in August last a message from the Sultan to the Council appeared, denouncing the practice of official peculation. Subse quently a commission was appointed to devise means of checking coritiption ; its report has not appeared. The new firman has, however, anticipated the labours of this body ; and the resolves of the Sultan will, if carried out, produce the best effects. RUSSIA. In consequence of the difficulty of filling up the ranks of the army the Emperor has ordered that men shall be liable to the age of thirty-seven instead of to that of thirty, as heretofore. Those sons of aged or widowed parents hitherto exempted are also now ordered to serve, forming a separate corps. The disposable military forces of Russia have been divided into five independentarmies ; kiThe Baltic army, under General Sievers. The Danubian army, under Prince Gortasbakoff. The army of the west (Poland), under General Count Rudiger. The army in the Crimea, under Admiral Prince Menschikoff ; and The Caucasian corps d'arnale, commanded by Prince Murawief. Field-Marshal Prince Paskiewitsch will establish his head-quarters probably in Kiew, from whence he will direct all operations. The reserves will, it is said, be concentrated at the latter place, or at Kamenetz Podolski. A Russian official report gives the following as a list of killed and wounded in the defence of Sebas topol between the tith of October and the lith of November : Killed. Wounded Generals 1 3 Superior officers Subalterns Non•cornmssioned officers and sailors 789 2,934 UNITED STATES. The mail steamer Asia has reached Liverpool with New York papers of the 17th ult. In the Senate on the 15th ult. the bill for continu ing the appropriation to the Collins steamers for carrying the mail between New York and Liverpool was taken up, but was indefinitely postponed. Tim joint resolution on the Arctic search for Dr. Kane and his companions was passed. A bill bad been introduced into the Legislature of Pennsylvania granting political and civil rights to persons of colour, then residing, or who might here. after maid*, in that State. I ,+ `