The Press. — London, England, 1855-09-22 00:00:00

900 Lemberg, Count Latour, the Princess Windisch gratz, Count Rossi, &c., are cases in point. Silvio Pellico, lJgo Foscolo, Ricciardi, and others, created by their writings an impatience of wrong, that on one hand brought into existence the brutal enormities of republicanism, and on the other have led slowly but safely to that resolve for emancipation which bas thoroughly succeeded in establishing the constitu tional freedom of Sardinia. The conduct of the Sardinian army at the battle of the Tschernaya and the taking of Sebastopol has done more towards rousing and consolidating the energy of Italian liberalism than all the Mazzinian manifestos with which the country has been sedu lously deluged. It may now be assumed, as a fact, that in every town throughout Lombardy, Tuscany, Rome, and Naples, the Sardinian king and the Sar dinian army are regarded as the future liberators of the Italian peninsula. Whether Italy be simply, for the future, a geographical expression, according to the saying of Prince Metternich, and without national importance, is a postulate that will be tritely solved. The victory of the Tschernaya and the fall of Sebas topol have had the instant effect of causing a deser tion of the Hungarian and Lombard soldiers in large numbers to join dill Anglo Italian corps at Novara. A well informed journal, not adverse to Austria, con veys the following intelligence : Nous aeons mentione it y a quelques jours la rentrie subite, dans la vine de Milan, du corps &armee Autrichien camp& u Somina. Il parait qua la dislocation du camp de Somme, et le deplacemeut des troupes, dolt i:tre unique merit attribue b la crainte de voir deserter les soldata Hon• groin, dont quelqu'uns avaient *leju pris le court chemin de Somma 1 Novara, pour aller s'engager dans la legion Anglo- Italienne. This is a cautious mode of mentioning an evil that cannot be kept back from public notice. But the journal in question refrains from relating that several soldiers and even some officers have been shot privately, "pour encourager les autres." De tachments have been sent out under picked officers to Resto Calende—Somma, Legnano, Nerviano, Bufalora, Rosate, Bereguardo,—on the line of the Tien,* to Pavia; with plenary power to shoot every suspected recruit they may secure. The powers are large and are largely used. In the mean• time the troops are withdrawn into Milan, and not a soldier is allowed to pass the gates. Notwithstanding these precautions, the boats on the upper part of the Lago Maggiore land men each night above Palanza, from whence they cross the mountains to Orta, and on to Gozzana and Ghente to Novara. To increase the feeling in disfavour of Austria, M. de Bruck is on the point of imposing fresh taxes in Lombardy to replenish the dilapidated finances of the worn•out empire. "Quem Deus vult perdere," Sac. Nothing could be more happy for the cause of Italian independence than the withdrawal of the Minister of Sardinia from Florence. It is not for the Government of the Grand Duke to sit in judg ment on the antecedents of M. Casati, for if a refusal to receive an energetic constitutionalist be conceded to the Tuscan Government, it must follow that the Ministers and the partisans of Victor Emmanuel would be one and all ostracised. This diplomatic embarrassment originates with the Jesuit confessor of the Grand Duke, who persists in advising his weak prince, the greatest Jesuit in Italy, not to accept any envoy from Turin who shall have taken a prominent part in the suppression of the monasteries. At Rome, the Campagna is in the possession and occupation of the brigands. They have the command of the markets, and take toll or tithe of everything before the " fattori " and " contadini " can bring the produce into the town. Impunity of depredation, and in many cases of crime, has been acquired by these brigands from a league—a serious and solemn compact with the Jesuit party—against the constitu tionalists. The Jesuits accept Mazzini upon his own terms for their present purpose, and consent to adopt his assassins as a Papal guard. A deputation from the municipality of Rome, in remonstrance, was sum marily dismissed with reproach by the Pope. When the Holy Father appeals to the arm of the assassin as a safeguard to him and to his cause, the value, the purity, and the truth of such a titular vicegerent of God, and of such a cause, may be safely deduced. M. T. A. THE firstnews of the capture of Sebastopol reached Stockholm by way of St. Petersburg. On the 11th the despatches from Paris confirmed that great event. Great (says the Moniteur) was the joy of the population, and, as the people possess more feeling than diplomacy, they did not fear to give vent to it. Many of the merchantmen at anchor in the port were decorated with flags. At night many of the houses were illuminated, and crowds proceeded to a garden of public amusement which had announced that, in honour of the happy news of the fall of Sebastopol, the grounds would be brilliantly urinated. THE HANG° MASSACIIF..—Dr. Easton, surgeon, lt.N., and Mr. Sullivan, master's-assistaut, who were captured in the Cossack's boat at Hango, were ex -0144114 at ()dose QU the 48th wst, TIDE PRESS. prtigu an 4 gototal alnttiligente. FRANCE. The Emperor and Empress of the French visited on Monday the wounded soldiers from the East now at Reuil. His Majesty distributed several crosses among those brave men. Vice-Admiral Bruat, Commander-in• Chief of the Naval Forces of France in the East, is raised to the rank of admiral. The Semaphore of Marseilles states that the taking of Sebastopol has certainly caused to be suspended the sending into the Crimea of the park of siege guns, but by no means the sending of field artillery and troops. Several detachments of hospital aNsistants, to the number of about 400, arrived two days ago at that port by railway en route for the Crimea. Vessels continue almost daily to leave the ports of France with additional troops and stores for the Crimea. The King of Sardinia was expected in Paris on Sunday last, but his visit has been postponed till the beginning of next month, when, it iii said, he will come accompanied by the Chevalier Massimo d'Azeglio. Count Cavour, the President of the Council, will join the King later. His Majesty will proceed from Paris to London, as at first intended. The Industrial Exhibition will remain open till the 26th of November. M. Erdan, the author of " La France Mystique," has been sentenced by the Tribunal of Correctional Police to eight days' imprisonment and 100 f. fine for making some remarks in that work reflecting on the Catholic religion. The printer and publisher were condemned also, but in mitigated penalties, the former to pay 100 f., and the latter 40f. The monthly return of the Bank of France, as made up to Thursday week, exhibits important re sults, the most serious feature being the diminution of upwards of two millions sterling in the coin and bullion. The total amount of bullion held by the Bank is now only eleven millions and a half. Last month this item showed an increase of 966,1001. The heads of "discounts" and Treasury deposits were largely swelled last month by the operation of the French loan, and now exhibit a great reaction. On the whole, the position of the Bank is proved to be much less strong, and indications of approaching tightness in the French money market are afforded. At the same time the heavy amount of the advances on French Government stocks and railway shares shows that considerable speculation is afloat. A new security—the shares of the company of French clip. pers—has been brought out on the Bourse and well received. The price of bread was on Saturday raised again in Paris two sous the loaf of two kilogrammes. This is the second rise in the course of the present year, the price heretofore having been maintained on grounds of public policy at a rate lower than the natural price, and the city making up the difference to the bakers. It is still lower than the price the corn averages would indicate. The Municipal Council of Orleans has voted unanimously the creation of an alimentary society, to give food to the poorer classes at cost prices. The mayor of Amiens has lately sent in a report on the same subject to the municipal council of that town, recommending the adoption of a similar plan. GERMANY. Immediately after receiving the intelligence co! the fall of Sebastopol, the Emperor of Austria ordered his representatives at the Courts of St. James and the Tuileries to present his warmest congratulations to Queen Victoria and the Emperor Napoleon. Reports concerning the state of the King of Prussia's health of an unfavorable character have been for some time put forward without meeting any contradiction. They now assume a much graver form, and there are speculations built on the pro pects of the throne becoming vacant, which point to better security for the stability of Central Europe than the wavering conduct of Frederick William has of late been calculated to afford. DENMARK. The first Danish Chamber,OrTihe 15th, definitively adopted the changes proposed in the constitution of 1849, by a majority of 38 against 10. HOLLAND. The opening of the Legislative Session of the Dutch Chambers took place at the Hague on the ith inst. THE ROMAN STATES. Since the commencement of the war, Russian ar rivals in Rome, which were previously reckoned on by the multifarious tribe who live on foreigners, as their best resource after the English,have been few and far between. A letter from that city of the 10th inst., however, states that two Russian generals passed through Rome en route for Naples, and found time to visit the lions, and to spend money in the studios also, the war contributions apparently not having as yet exhausted their finances. They purchased a fine Statile of gYO by Deugoni, ordered auotber LIM ISATtRDir, of Gajessi. It is surmised that it is not merely to cultivate the fine arts that these officers have got permission to visit Italy, but that political conferences with the Pope and the Bourbonic sovereign of Naples, and arrangements for a future line of action in the Italian peninsula, are the real objects of their mis sion. M. Mamelos, the Spanish chargé &affairs, who re mained in charge of the embassy on the cessation of M. Pazheco's mission, left Rome, on the Uth inst., thus putting an end to the representation of Spain at this Court. NAPLES. The Times states " with satisfaction " that M. Mazza, the Director of the Secret Police at Naplec e whose recent outrages on humanity and justice have excited the remonstrances of foreign States and the general disgust of Europe, has been dismissed from his office, partly by the advice of the Neapolitan Ministers, and partly in satisfaction of thejust demands of redress preferred by the British Government. Thi* functionary it was who had the insolence to convey a threatening message to Prince Satriano, because a gentleman connected with the British Legation at Naples, and therefore obnoxious to the suspicions of the police, had paid that nobleman a visit in his box at the theatre. The same official had recently revived the practice of the bastinado in Naples, and had even threatened to subject men serving in the King's forces to the extravagant persecutions of the police. The Brussels Independence, on the other hand. is informed by its Turin correspondent that the Neapolitan Government has given Prince Carini; its envoy at the Court of London, unlimited leave of absence. The agitation at Naples is said to be immense, and the rigour of the police without ex ample. The Paris journals announce that the Neapolitan Government has added another to the list of insults perpetrated on French subjects. Two French gen tlemen lately arrived at Naples, where they proposed spending a few months. The sbirri, however, who superintend the landing of passengers, fancied they saw something suspicious in the cut of their beards, and declared their hats not to have that orthodox shape which alone finds favour in the eyes of Signor Mazza's employes. The poor Frenchmen wet* iii consequence prevented from landing, and, as no return packet was at hand, they were compelled to remain in the vessel until it reached its final desti nation at Malta. A letter from Naples in the Paris Prase says : I give you the following from a certain source. Every body now knows of the death of the unfortunate Lorenzo, who was bastinadoed for having replied with dignity to the insults of the abirro Campagna. It should be known that the executioners were ordered to pause four minutes between every blow of the stick, and the number of blows awarded was one hundred I The surgeon in attendance remonstrated after the fiftieth stroke, and declared that it the punishment was carried further death must inevitably ensue. But neither the generous intervention of the surgeon nor the piercing shrieks of the victim could stay the executioners. The hundred blows were scrupulously administered (the four minutes' interval being observed throughout), and after a torture which lasted seven hours the unfortunate man was transported to the prison hospi tal, where he very speedily expired. SPAIN. The intelligence of the of the allies was received in Madrid with enthusiasm. The French Ambassador, M. de Turgot, gave orders for a" Te Deum" to be performed on the 16th, at the French church, in honour of the fall of Sebastopol. RUSSIA. Telegraphic accounts from St. Petersburg an nounce that the Emperor of Russia, accompanied by the three Grand Dukes, tins left for Moscow, Nicolaieff, and the Crimea. The journey to Warsaw is given up. The following is the text of the order of the day addressed by the Emperor Alexander to the Russian army on the taking of Sebastopol. It is dated " St. Petersburg, September 11": The defence of Sebastopol, which has been so pro• longed, and which is perhaps unexampled in military annals, has attracted the attention not only of Russia, but of all Europe. From its very outset, it placed its de fenders on the same rank as the most illustrious heroes of our country. For a space of eleven months the garrison of Sebastopol has disputed with a powerful enemy each foot of ground, and each of its enterprises has been distin guished by acts of the most brilliant bravery. The cNiti nate bombardment renewed four times, and which has been justly called infernal, shook the walls of our fortifica tions, but could not shake or diminish the zeal and perse verance of their defenders. They fought the enemy or died with indomitable courage, and, with an abnegation worthy of the soldiers of Christ, without once thinking of yielding. In regretting with all my heart the loss of so many generous warriors, who have offered their lives as a sacrifice to the country, and in submitting myself with veneration to the judgment of the Almighty, who has not been pleased to crown their acts with complete success, I believe it my sacred duty to express on this occasion, in my own name and in that of all Russia, to the brave garrison of Sebastopol, the most profound gratitude for their indefatigable labours, for the blood which they have (410 i sthe defence fot nearly a year of the fortifloatiotal ■ ■