Star. — London, England, 1804-03-03 00:00:00

PARLIANZIVTARr PROCEEDINGS. rate of exchange at this; moment between Dattilie' WI and London was no lets than Al per cam . to per cent. above the ordinary rate , which 101 l r- , per centum, he nulled it was a eircumllance f - neatly important to induce the Houfe to take thel fobjed into its mature confideration. The node would have, he was Cure. the goodnefs to relied, that Ireland was now confolidated with England, in all refpals, and bore her quota in the public bur. they, of the empire ; yet her intercourfe with this coon try Rood charged with this moR item anti oppreffive burthen, while the intercourfe between the capital and Scotland. and all other parts of the Kingdom much more dißant from the Imperial capital than ' Dublin, were charged with no fetch impolt at all.— The lamb= was not merely confined to the coot swereial intereourfe between the countries, bbt ex• tended itfelf to the Irifla fubjed, who came here either to attend his Parliamentary duty, or in fearch of juflice to the dernier retort; a grievancamtach jug upon no other fubjee from an part of the Em-' pare. The evil mull flow from Come caeca which pretfingly called for invelligation. He did not mean now to go at large into the fubjee, hat Meetly se l iamb upon the general topics to which, three* h 47, I been attributed. Among others, thi tiattidßl trade had been a caufe &lingua. That. bi; roll admit, was certainly one of the obvious motes; Cary! during* (paw of ao years previoos to t 800, the bit- 4 lance of wort. between Ireland and this mow was, upon an average. in favour of the former, by above , a million a year. In that year a cosfiderside risange took place, by which the balance chimed two mil. Ilion *rine Ireland. In the next year, it was, 1,600,0001. in the next above a minion, and has fo continued. and is likely Rill to MUIR= iscresiog every year. Another of the cask'. and a Rill nesei prominent on e s which he bad taken the liberty of iiimos iTrier Mgt , fiaiii . Will the mutual remittances to dui countrytof idoo.00ril• to pay the interit of loess, borrowed is 'this country for the di of the Irlib Government, and the remittances of rent to , frith abfentee 'landlords, which by many had been confidently Rated at a. 000.0001. but which be believed would-be snore correnly eaimated at amoo.oool. The only seenust to balance this was the remittance of apoo,pooL annually to defray the expenses of the po liceman hs Ireland, which left a balance agaialt that country of t.p0.0001. In an arrangement upon this bead, it would be of importance to know well the walue , of bullion in exchange between any two na don% breath this mull always materially affee the rate of exchange between them. Now in Ireland, at ibis moment, and for a confiderable time pall, the price of guineas. in exchange for their current value in paper. is wad to as. 64. per guinea, which was allually paid by fame Gentlemen of his acquaintance, , for reminisce to this country. Such a Rate of the ' difference between Bank paper and bullion, in the capital of Imbued, was a lamentable inflance of the difference of exchange. and urgently pointed to the neceffity of inveßigatioa, in order, if peffible, to devife fame remedy. Various mires bad been al figned for the evil, but they were all reduceable. to one, namely. the fuppreffioa of cans Mies from the • Bank Added to this, an ellen which arofe out of 1 it g namely, the demand fur guineas by the menu. fanners of the North, which obliged their employ. en to obtain guineas for them at any rate ; and thus raifed the price of them so per cent. Another caufe Rated by an Hon. Gentleman the other night (Sir John Newport), was the prevalent difpofition to ' boarding of guineas, in the three other provinces, 1 which, he was very ready to admit. operated in no' inconfiderable degree to the dilappearance of gold. But whatever were the caufes altoher the la. I uneatable refult was, that the whole -Ba nk ' Paper , of I the country Rood this moment at a depreffion of to per cent. What then mull be the ere& upon the .credit of the country 1 There was another caufe to which the evil wu by fonte imputed, namely, the exceffive iffue of paper from the Bank. It was well i known. that, at the time, it was thought naceffary to villain t h e cafh Kum from the Bank of Ireland, the amount of their paper extant was only 600,0001. the fum of their paper extant, by their lag returns, was a. 600,0001. of which one million was in notes ander 51. There was every probability that this quantity mull continue to increafe, as it was now well known, that the paper of the Bank of Ireland was the Rock upon which all the private Banks in the kingdom traded, and in proportion to the quantity of the Na. clonal Bank paper. the private banker was able to get into his poileffion, he was enabled to iffue his own paper (which he war bound to pay in National Bank paper) to a much more confiderable amount; according to the principle of banking Rated by lime writers, in the ratio of three pounds for one, fo that 1 the greater the number of private Bankers, and the mote they increafe their trade, the greater become. the Coerce of iffue for Baok paper. and for the increafe of any evil of which it may be the caufe. Having thus Rated the fitoation of credit in the country at large, no man, he Paid, ever prefumed to call in queßion the undoubted validity of the National Bank of Ire land, therefore no inconvenience was ultimately to be apprehended from any portion of the paper which it would think fit to iffue. Of the excefilve iffue of bank paper, there were few who entertained a doubt; sad that this might be a very prominent cattle of the evil complained of, was not problems. tical. Now, with refpeß to the remedy. he fhould think there was one fimple one, which if it could, underthe wifdom of the Legifiatore, beaccomplifhed. would prove at once moll effedual. It was the eßablilhanent of me cowmen circsiotins morrow tbneab herb Countriu. There was another point which had not yet been touched on by any perfon in the courfe of there difcuftions which had already taken place on this fubjeft, and to which he now begged leave to call the attention of the Houfe. In the commercial intercourfc between this country and Scotland, and almoil every other branch of the empire, Cave Ireland, there were two fpecies of cir culating medium, equally current, namely, gold, and the Bank of England notes. When the dues of gold were relltiacd, the currency of the notes continued. with little or no inconvenience to the commerce, be tween the countries. But between Ireland and this country there was but 'lnc current circulating me. ilium—Gold; and the moment that seas retrained, thr medium was taken away ; tor, in Ireland, the notes of the Bank of England did not currently run, fo that Ireland. to make her remittances in an ode quate fubßitute for gold, deals at a certain lea upon late commerce of so per scat. There was another HOUSE OF LORDS, FRIDAY, MARCH 1. The BM for proldbidng the Frportatioe of Seed Core far a 11. rutted time. was read a [cooed time, and committed for Moeda, eat. Tie leveed private Bills before their Lordlblps were pared therrefpedive Rages. awed Viktor* CARLETON, aad the or of MACCLES. MILD whom& two Petitions. which were ordered to be bid en the table. &mewl wheelies were reran to give evidence on certain private Bills rogras through the Hoofs, wad the oaths of allegiance were taLso by as aka, Desist Boileau, previous to the fixond reeding able labaraLtados 301—A400rool to halt paft Wee o'clock as Mooday. NOUSE OF COMMONS. The SPEAKERhavios takes the Chair, the Houk p roceeded to hake far a Comaktecco coo hder the teens or the c.el e st d s Rabbis, coapialriss Of an swiss Medico; was the fallow* hissabers was chores : li t i i rl ei • lf&ficz, Bart. 74 Mahn, Efg. Ritlierd - fiZifes:l44. Charles Wood, Ets. Was. Notches. Ed+ t i t TlAM. nis hart. jams Daher. El+ NT Rabat Barclay. ism ihr S. Bart. Vt. Crag. Dd. had Pals Pasch, 14 Hes. W. &Min -11Aa kiss draly fwess, precaded foodarkh co their Coma. sce.resea. Ordeal. es the satins ear 01101t01 CORN WALL, that ths mimeo et the resale, bare dartyleaury Committee t i rflit DUMAS 116Nimal Imam brim he a NO fee the ha ter Pena& Cissaisi, sod IJohdai the City a Ediebaesh. Nests hoist ciao mad edirided. the IA rola Dock Caw amoral rad INFostA_the heshast law BBL 10/ I. 4111,2011 ea:dust lave a braris a 818 for He War Alialsest need Calishied alba Peat Rasa to the pad[, fillasifsd•bartr. •, Os the mode s sIDe. P. DUIGUINAN. the femmes mass d She Ida Priebe Oakes NZ was plasma& to Alwass 111Cii• Th e lialhissOasessitese area co a pearmaiss el Mr. VAN- S/17AM the Webs Chelsea heal eapbs ar hors to lasi is soillitaresdassestuis attidais Calbease sera she - tmslpitelad . 3 CIVIL 01/ICSIIS 101 11114110. "UM ARCHIBALD' HAMILTOII rote. and Waved. that he did ultra, lit' trotifegt4twea,of what had falls* in the cow& of dilkarsion. a few nights, fmce, that Come account would have bees laid before - refpeeing the remittances of fabrics to the °Seers belonging to the Ina Goierusent refi dent in . England at fan sOtetidigasding the _great tats of exchange which hi* .rice Union. .qpilmh4 to sit tis again!! Pdaod. Not fixing. Zre. onY Wfluos to pro. filchers aciouitt, it his duty so move. The dre Maid bikes the Hods. re Masa of the Re serseseamehetss des bib Gammas to their Olicare, rel. dam a this eseeary. lista the Oaks, sod pal to them at pr. , with the dad alba Rewataces sal Passau. alai Cadet of the (alms for bet lissitiesces" "'MC CORRY Aid, if the Noble Lord had not stowed For the account now Rated, he would himfelf have fah it his duty to have made. the nr_tioo. On the matter having been mentioned by the Noble Lord mew sights fince. no pedon could be more felicitous than be was to base it fully explained; lied indeed be bad already framed a motion on the ruble& syhich be meant to have made. had his intention not been 4ttated by the Noble Lord. - If the Noble Lord to have. in minute detail. the precife (urns geld to *Wry minor officer of the Ira Government leidant here, with the fevers' dates of payment at tached, be bad no objeaion to lay it before the Hoak; bah •polibly. it might enterer the Noble Lord's per go, as In% to have the total faros remitted at each wood at paid at par. The motion which he bad framed. and which he would have cheerfully (ohmic. tttio the Noble Lord. had he aced him in private, woad have gone much further than the Noble Lord's modes. for it would have required, in addition. the aziliag rate of exchange on the date of each remit. Lance. and the exceeding above par on each, which would *mein at pace the precife objea of the No. hie Lied. and rave Gentlemen the trouble of tedious caladatios. If the Noble Lord had oo objeaion to oßegt this motion, intleind of the one be had propofed. $e was welcome to accept it. Lied A. HAMILTON thanked the Right Hon. oxide eau. and could have objeaion to adopt Snit {;ape be bad given to the motion; but obferved that h omitted a principal point which he whited to learn, tamely, the orders by which fuch remittances were - made. - .1 irss this Mr. CORRY acceded, adding, that no Cosh order watt made, except by the Treatery of Ire land, or the Chancellor of the Exchequer, by whom the payments to minor officers hem were made in checks on the Bank. Lord FOLKSTONE underflood, that payments were made to Officers refident in Ireland at par, and th r ows he "Atka to add, by way of amendment to the motion, the words as s►, before the words fmt Irelaw'. Agreed to, and the motion pallid in this &ape. and the account was accordingly ordered. OFFICIIIe INCOM I TILL Lord TEMPLE cafe, in eonfequer ce of what he had mentioned on a fotmer night, refpeeing the af figment of Income Tax upon the Officers of certain regiments in the dittria where he refided, in a mode, which it homed, had the cam:lion of his Ma jelly's Attorney General ; and he meant now to give notice of his intention to bring forward, at a future day, emotion, in fume (liaise, from the difcuffion of , which he fhould hope to induce the Houle to exempt Subaltern Officers from that tax altogether ; but *bids motion he Ihould precede by another, for an account of the amount of the fums levied under the Income Tax Bill, upon Officers of the Army and Militia, up to the sth of November, fo far as the fame could be made up. He did not mean us be particular iA fpecifying each regiment, but the grofs amour?. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER (aid, if tire Noble Lord had only thought lit to the uneili. , ll across the Houle. or in p ri v a te o f there could he no objetion to fstisfy his curiofity ; but fincc he had avowed his objeli. and the purpofe to which he intended to apply the information, he thought the motion of too much importance to be granted as a motion of cuurfe,without previous notice. Lord TEMPLE faid, he did not intrude the mo. lion sow, he only meant to give nutic: of bvioging it forward on Wednesday nest. Isom AI FAILS. Mr. FOSTER. role, and laid, that he had given notice a fc•v day, ago of Lis intenti..n to bug ward, thr. day, a motion for a Committee, to etc - mire into the casas of the prefent exorbitant mate of the .t.har ge howtf.n Irclandlund this (wintry, as aglinti the r ; arri he now meant to perform hit pro and al.eq 11944 Ilaoplii.cdoradtx edit the I • which was highly Befit obil to tut seems- fed. so iffiftetestsk it Vet, *the Mean sof th e - gh it might have littleCr no aka ors exchange dealers, railed three or four per cent. He exchanoeolmely, en 4stilisation of the was ready to admit the evils arifing from the re aony in both countries. To was =coo- anittance to this country of the large annual fums for m a t e rially neceffaty foe,' the . of interefts; bot great fonts had been remitted to at, in lookingo the tota fitlir l mime . of ice- eland for the expenditures of Government, befides land: and providing. ifftime, tamed? Tor' s d t4 r e fum of the loans, owing to the di fl raaed Rate chief, which took-other% ife ' ettaided with • the esontry ; and it was theft expenditures that trous consequences to tiok it of that country.... • bled the country to go on. These was an error There is at prelate a bale aliffaiLtirelmsl in fees' te.Right Hoo, Gentleman's mode of Rating the your of this country. of I .3 l cgooo' per Arittetillabeing l ance of wade between the countries, for he bad the remittances to pay the Engl..a !wider' of' frilli jamilit. •joga u t t ement at the official valuation of the Stock for Loans, borrowed for the sfe of Government' atlas ed. which was well knosit to be molt in Ireland. This was a burthen of itfelf alone more confiderably below the afloat value ; for inftance. In than the trade of Ireland was able to bear. While the article of beef, a chief export of the country, the the prefent ()them &told continue to go on, and the official valuation was only 16s. per barrel ; whereas turns borrowed fo greatly exceeded the annual ince- the altual value 'was from 201 . 10 405. the barrel. ref paid , it might not be fo palpably felt in that Pork, officially valued at ;ca. the barrel, was se, country; but whenever the day fhould come for Oa- tinny fold at 3os. to aos. the barrel ; and, in one of Wilting a fore fyftem of finance to milk the necetl'ary thole years Rated, fo high as 655. Butter, in likes (upplies by taxes within the year, it 'mad not fail to manner valued at 425. was really fold from t 6s. to be feverely felt, and, therefore, prudence fhould die- 51. the cwt. He apologised for trerpa fling fo far, : tate the needle , ' of proviffigg a remedy in time, by. but felt it neceirary to the tight infuentatien of the tatlearouring to do mar, under Tome permanent Houfe. He concluded by repeating his opinion, that (Om, the enormous diffirmnos of exchange which i parlianaestary remedy for the blab rue of whittle ' bad bees increafiag everyyear fineethe eflablithrnent was ImpraCticeifte, though his ,M,ajelly's Minlftete of the .Union. He !lad MPOittOesl, on a formornlght, would be happy to concur in ealantdure that Ihould the wretched Mete to wb - uth the currcni mitt of Ira recut likely to produce it. ..! • :• ' - land had been redeoed.r There was nicely any Mr. FOSTER Paid a few word's , is eoptanation. thing% the imps of massy to be fees, but a railer*. that in his Ratement of the balance' Of trade With . Me coinage of adulterated copper, and of counterfeit Ireland, he had • taken the official 'values of both &Mine iii bad, that tor a pound Bank Note, even at countries reciptally. - its dereCilltOd valet, toteMplis or twesty-feven of Lord HENRY PETTY exported his high fads. fuels !billies.+ woad be siren in eschew. Not with- realms at the loamy in which the Right Hl4l.Gie• at preko; ing to drain Houk bow, he trotted demen propofed to bliss forward his enquiry, end he lad Rated enough to they the neeeffity for invent- at• the acqatekence expreffed by his Majefty's Mini. gation ; and he trolled that the Hook in ; its collet- Ilers. to a =setae. highly called for by fo great an tree wifdons, would be able to devife *me effeanal evil. There wu another point not alluded to by remedy for - the cells of which the' CoMplaints were any Honourable Member who had fpnken on this fo jolt and g eneral . Mr. Fofter csoiluded by molt- rubjeft, and which , if be was rightly informed, mull lag, that aCommittee be appoiaserd to enquire Into have been one of the greateft caulks for the excefilve the auks of the prefent high rate of exchange be. iffue of Bank paper from the private Banks, and *fa tween Great Britain and Ireland; and the Rate of the naifehids thereto attributable. This evil was fo the currency in the latter kingdom, and to report the immediately within the reach of Government. that fame to the Houk. it was only necetlary for them to Mae their orders to Mr. BROGDEN rote. not to oppofe the motion effeB its immediate fuppreffion. He underlined front of Use Right Hon. Gentleman, to which he had no refpeaable authority, that a connexion fubfilled, he objection, but to Rate &only his own opinion, that had alma. kid a corrupt consoftioos between the the tree caufes of the evil complained aOrtli were perfons entrufted with the payment of his Majeßy's not thofe Rated by the Right Hon. Gen dmotth but forces in Ireland, by *nuns of which the Bank of coofißed radically in the difturbed Rate of Ireland, Ireland paper. tranlinitted to them by Government which operated to deprefs the exports of Ireland in for th at purpote, is th rown into the bands of the Co confiderable a degree for the hi few years, as to Country Bankers, who are enabled to iffue WM!. create a confiderable balance of trade againfl bee.— diately their own (mall notes to three times tbe amount This, of tootle. rendered the number of merchants in —and this fpecies of currency is thus forced upon the Dublin, who could draw upon London, much fewer; fevers' branches of the army, which had the moil in. and thole of London, who could draw on Dublin, jurioos operation upon the troops, as well as in glut. much mare autocross in proportion ; and the no tong the country by fuck an inordinate iffue of pri. tural confequencsof a paucity or redundance of fuels Tate Bank paper. He was well aware of the un bills at market, roiled or dem-eked the rate of ex- happy fituatioa of a country, whofe various means change. of eirculating medium were fo open to fraudulent Mr. GEORGE PONSONBY fully corroborated praftices. Upon the whole, this was not the Rags the flatemeats of Mr. Fuller, refpcaing the high for debate ; an evil was Rated to exits which no man rate at which guineas were purehafed in the loth could doulat--earious modes bad been prepared foe Metropolis, and the mikrable Rate of the coin- remedy, about which difference of opinion *sifted. age all over the country, more efpecially the EaR. Various fleas had been affigned as the caufes, about em. Southern, and Weftern provinces. which create which alfo difference of opinion milled. He knew ed difirefs among the people, infinitely beyond the of no modern likely to afceitain the truth, or to ef. conception of the traders of England. This circum- fea the remedy, as enquiry; and therefore he Would Rance gave rife to a let of men who Riled themfelves vote for the Committee. Bankers, many of whom were without character or Lord CASTLEREAGH fpoke in fopport of** property, who iffued notes for 6d. is. and tome even arguments of Mr. Cotter, but was glad the enquiry . venture for fuck large rums as 35. 6J. to the emote had been propofed, though he did ant think It hkely of his profeffirinal experience in the Courrs of Jußice, that sn elkattal remedy could be deviled. be bad witneffed the trials of many of thofe perfons. Mr. DICK diffented from the idea that the evil who had become bankrupts. and the lamentable con• complained of arofe from an excels of iffue in the fequences to thofe who had become fufferers by their national Bank paper of Ireland. which seeds arofe in.olveocy. He had himfelf paid laR Saturday at out of the neceffiues of the country, from the fuppref. Dublin as. 4d. each for guineas, to bear his expences Ron of cam lilacs. He Rated, that they had made hither on his parliamentary duty. and if he had no iffue beyond what their great inereafe of capital chofen Englifh Bank notes he mull have paid a Rill warranted them to do, upon the fair principle of higher premium in proportion. To an enquiry fo their bußoefs. The remedy for the evil complained reafonable as that propofed by the Right Honourable of, he contended, did not exift in any of the expedi. Gentleman who made the motion, he did not expea cuts propofed. but in the avowal of this country to to hear any preliminary objection, fuck as thofe made become the guardian and protearefs of the profpe. by the Hon. Member who (poke talk; but thought rity and tranquillity of Ireland ; for from her inter. that any filch objedlions would come much more or. not diftraftiun alone arofe the evil. which nothing derly in the Committee, which he did not teem in• but perk& tranquillity could remove. He attribut. dined to oppofe. Whether in that Committee a ed much of the mirchief to a pamphlet of late hiduf. competent remedy would be fuggelled, was another trioufly circulated through the country by a noble matter ; but furely the enquiry ought to be made, Lord (Lord King), which, upon his authority, bath by which the Houfe would manifefi its attention to very much mifleil the public mind. the grievance, and its with to redrefs, if redrefs Would Sir JOHN NEWPORT defended his opinion on appear prataicable ; and fo far the anxiety of the a former night, and contended, that the only evil public mind would be eonfoled upon the fubjelt. arifing from the iffue of Bank paper, was the faci. Mr. CORRY rote. not to offer the flighteß ob• lity on which perfons without credit, property, or jeltion to the enquiry propofed by the Right Hon. character, were permitted to let up the trade of petty Gentleman, but to exprds his fati.faaion that no bankers, and Mae there fmall notes to immenfe oblation whatever had been expreffed by his Right amounts, without any fecurity whatever for their re- Hon. Friend near him, that the fubjea thotild un- fponfibility. The remittances to this country, not sle , go the Cullen invelligation ' and the evil receive only of the immenfe fums for loan duties and able's. any remedy of which it is fufceptible. He had, tee rents, but to the families of country gentlemen however, his own apprehenfions that the enquiry fent hither as a place of fecurity, while the head of would moll probably produce, what had been al- thole families remained in Ireland for the defence of ready felt by thofe molt converfant on the fublett, the country, and the difpofition of the farmer to namely, a conviCtion that no enquiry Parliament hoard money, added to the rooted illiberality of the could inititute, was capable of affording any &cc- Northern manufaturers, which utterly indifpofed coal remedy in the cate. The ( o bj e ct w a s, howev e r, t h em to repofe faith in any Bank whatever, crested in excellent hands, and the enquiry would probably that avidity for guineas, which railed them to the have the Oral of convincing the public, that Par- enormous pitch of ten per cent. above par. The liament could apply no remedy, though with the very contrary of this was the cafe in Scotland, where heft difrifition poffible. The Right lion. Gentle- amongft a people almaft one and the fame, all the man mull recollea, that the fubjett of the excel trade of the country- was carried on upon bank five iffue of what were called Silver Notes, and the paper. If fuels a principle of illiberality as that wretched Rate of the coinage. had not cfcaped the amongft the Northern Ira, were to obtain in York attention of his Majetty's Winifters for Ireland, as a (hire, or any of the great manufaCturing towns in Bill had aftually paired on the fuhjell in the last Sef- England, the confequcnces unlit be, they would ate lion. That, in cnnfideration of the (late of the curb all the gold in the country to that quarter of coinage, another Bill h a d b ee n i n t r oduced early in the kingdom. Until this illiberal fpirit was changed the prefent &thou, in order to afford an opportu. the evils mull continue without remedy. nity for the Gentlemen from Ireland, who 114 ,1 ben Lord ARCHIBALD HAMILTON (poke warm• detained there on military duty. to attend a further ly in defence of the very able pamphlet of the Noble difctalion on the (trivet. Though it was true. that lord alluded to ; and Paid it mutt be obvious, from the exchange in London was ten per cent. ag 'inn the increafe of the iffnes of the Bank of Ir e land, frunt Dublin. where paper was the principal cutrency, boo,oonl. to 2,7c0,ccf.:1. The dividend they bad this was, by no means, the cafe with the North, Mollie of fix ant a halt per cent. and the bonus made where money was plenty, and where. in faa, the by them in the 1 411 year of five per cent. more, mull exchange was in favour of Ir e land. The unfit- prove to what an in trdinate extent their paper Urea vourable Exchange in Hestia was not ft rutieh at. had bait mark. He hilly approved of the Corn tributed to any iit the castes Rated, fo :nut!' as to rn i r r ee . the management pteElifcd by the a t d ale , r u s h in e r e t a c i l t i i a ti n c g m e 1, mitre?, lkl r A an L e E I X , Ll , N tii t/ y E u ß .iiii a e l d fo to mite it by cois.h;nations.fo a m pri c to re ‘ m ed ed or y t m he ig C b mn t he . means. It was a well kro wri fail, that when a e t t l' t i h r e ed e . firCt lic o l f o L n . i rl i l de lst in g: pamphlet, ut vrable thOu ai gh ilif l ,'' ' Irik Treafury ass making its remittances to this Country by drafts on London, the sate of exchange was CAMITiLCCit it was ". lal fh d the belt ' e u tt: with veryif. was /ay moderate . wad ytt, in a lewd ays alter,, tentieno.