Star. — London, England, 1809-12-28 00:00:00

:3 al fi rr $ j unacquainted with the art of war, did only know , l e to get himself, with 40,000 men, defeated by i r i lice Joseph Poniatowsky, who had only 13,000 al der his orders. Through the unskilful combination fher General, Austria lost West Gallicia, the inha lants of which shook off, with enthusiasm, the iron le which bore them down. It was the Emperor's tr not to subject them to it again. It is his Ma es wish, that under the wise Government of the : n . g of Saxony, the inhabitants of the Grand Duchy 'Warsaw shall secure their tranquillity, and, without • ing cause of uneasiness to their neighbours, enjoy eir fortunate situation. _ _ _ e, The Kings of Bavaria, Westphalia, and the rest the Confederation, will obtain an accession of terri . It would undoubtedly have been safe for France extend her frontiers beyond the Rhine, but that er remains the invariable limits of the neighbour- States of her Empire. The Hanseatic towns . il serve as means of the reprisals of war with rAgland. 0 The peace with Sweden shall immediately be ,ncluded. Nothing shill be changed in the politi relatien of the confederation of the Rhine, and ,Helvetic Confederacy. For the first time, since edays of the Romans, all Italy will again be sub to the same system. The re-union of the Estates • Rome was requisite to effect this measure—they :erscct the Peninsula from the Mediterranean as •as the Adriatic Sea, and history has evinced the .:lortance of an immediate intercourse between per Italy and the kingdom of Naples. Three cen les ago, whilst Charles VIII. was effecting the , quest of this kingdom, the Pope suddenly changed opinion, formed a formidable league against him. .e retreat of the King being intimated, he could Iv return to France by marching over the necks of confederates headed by the Pope. ~ But wherefore should we seek for examples in .e history of Charles VIII. ;.of Louis XII. ;—of -antis I. Have'we not seen in our days, the Pope erecting the English in his capital, who, from his ,lum were agitating the kingdom of Naples, and Aingdom of Italy, distributing money and poniards the assassins, who slaughtered our soldiers in the ies of Calabria ? The Emperor has demanded of Pope to shut his ports against the English. Who uld have thought that the Pope would have re ted his demand ? He has proposed to him to form :ague, offensive and defensive, with the kingdom Naplts, and that of Italy. “ The Pope has rejected this proposal. No cir stance has occurred since the Peace of Presburgh, erein the Court of Rome has not evinced its hatred mast France. Whatei,ver power happens to pre . derate in Italy beComes immediately her enemy. :ice, before the battle of Austerlitz, before that of ,e,iland, the Emperor received from Rome briefs ;ete with acrimony. We next beheld the Pope complaining of the aciples of toleration, sacred by the Code of Napo ; we beheld him rise against the organic laws, ich governed the interior of the Empire, and in ich, under no title whatever, had he any right interfere ; we saw him cast firebrands in our evinces, and thus endeavour to occasion divi s in, and to shake the great Empire ; and it is to be doubted what he would have done, had y important bMtle been lost. The Court of me has unveiled its secret sentiments too much. 'e has not been able to disown the services . rri dered by the Emperor to religion ; but this motive acknowledgment, which should have been so wertul over the Chief of the Church, could not ercome the hatred of the temporal Sovereign.— nvincecl of these truths, sacred by the history of . er times, and by our own experience, the Em or had only two ways to choose—either to create Patriarch, and separate France from every relation rth a power inimical to her, and which endeavoured annoy her ; or to destroy a temporal sovereignty, :e only source of the hatred of the Court of Rome ..tinst France. " The first measure would have created dangerous Ecussions, and alarmed some consciences. The Em por has rejected it. The second was the exercise of r;hts, which are inherent to his Imperial Crown, and L . :which the Emperor is accountable to no one. The L'nperor has adopted it. Neither the Pope, nor any Cher Priest in that Empire, ought to enjoy any tem soverei,gnty. Never shall the Emperor acknowledge the right fiche Triple Crown. He acknowledges only the spi rlal mission given to the Pastors of the Church by , t - s CHRIST, and which St. Peter and his pious suc .wt.s' have so holily filled, to the great advantage igion. " The Kingdom of Naples during the present year s acquired a new consistency. " The King has evinced peculiar attention in the . ; , anization of his dominions. He has re-established set in all the branches of administration. He has ?ressed peculation, and his people, from the highest 4SS unto the lowest, have manifested sentiments lich constituted their praise, and, at the same time, praises of the Sovereign. The Clergy of Naples, ziposed like that of France, of enlightened men, s deserved the esteem of the Emperor. The Arch hop of Naples has been the only ecclesiastic who cased the oath which he owed to the Sovereign. In 'in have the theologians endeavoured to convince !I. He has.persisted in his error. His uncom -4 ignorance has been the subject of satire among :3e. by whom be had been raised to so elevated a [ 4 Holland is, in fact, but . a portion of France.— . .I.i; country is defined by saying, that it is the Wu v.:,3 of the Rhine, of the Meuse, and of the Scheldt, la is, of the main arteries of the empire. The nut. ,it' of its Custom-houses, the dispositions of its agent 8, Ind the spirit of its inhabitant:;, which tends continu- My towards a fraudolentintercourse with England ; dl :lave combined to render it a duty, the interdic. ioa of the traffic of the Riine and of the Weser...—. icliand, thus bruised between France and England, I deprived both of the advantages contrary to our ;E:.zal system, and which she must now renounce, as veil as of those which she might enjoy. It is time hit all this should be restored to its natural order. " His Majesty has been pleased to insure al so , i n a nspicuo ns mariner, the advantages of t he Act o f t h e elvetic Confede rac y, by a nn ex i ng to hi s ot h er t i t l es t of Mediator of Switzerland. It is enoug h to y t& tae Swiss, that happiness will be lost to.them mum= that they touch this palladium of their independence. The Pont de Ball has given frequent opportunities to the French troops for violating the Helvetic territory ; it was necessary to them in order to cross the Rhine. His Majesty has just ordered the building oft permanent bridge at Hunningue. "The Illyrian provinces cover Italy, afford it a direct intercourse with Dalmatia, procure us a point of im mediate contact with the Empire of Constantinople, which, for so many reasons and ancient interest, France was desirous of maintaining and protecting. Both Spain and Portugal are the theatre of a furious revolution ; the numerous agents of England stir and feed the fire which they had lighted. The strength, the power, and the calm moderation of the Emperor will restore to them days of peace. Should Spain lose her colonies, it will be through her own inclination. The Emperor will never oppose the independence of the continental nations of America ; this independence belongs to the necessary order of events; it is con nected with the interests, well understood, of all the Powers. France has established the independence of the United Estates of North Amersica. France has contributed to its augmentation of several provinces ; she will always be ready to defend her work. Her power does not depend on monopoly; she hasno interest contrary to justice. Nothing that can contribute to the happiness of America can be against the prosperity of France, who will always be rich enough, when shewill see herself treated upon an equal footing by all nations, and is all the European markets. Whether the people of Mexico and Peru wish to be united to the mother country, or whether they desire to erect them selves into an exalted and noble independence, France will never oppose it provided these people do not form any connection with England. France has no need to vex her neighbours, nor to impose tyrannic laws on them to ensure her commerce and prosperity. - We have lost the colonies of Martinique and Cayenne ; they have both been badly defended ; the circum stances which have deprived us of them are an object of severe inquiry ; not that their loss is of any weight in the scale of general affairs, for they will be restored to us in a more flourishing condition, at the time of peace,than they were at the time when they were taken. " To conclude, peace has brought back the Emperor among us. All the Officers of State have done homage at the foot of his throne. His an swer is engraven in your hearts. That Monarch who excites the greatest admiration, the greatest enthusi asm, is he who is also worthy of more love. He has said so to us. He places on that which he inspires all his hopes of happiness. Frenchmen, he then has once . •en deceived, when he has asserted, that the other Princes had been happier than he." M. de Montalvet descended from the gallery amidst the applauses of the Assembly and of the Tribunes. The PRESIDENT-4i Minister of the Interior, Mes sieurs the Counsellors of State—You were sure to in spire a great interest into this assembly —you have described the glory of the Monarch by retracing the benefits of his administration. It is not sufficient for him his having vanquished his enemies in the field of battle, he wishes to discourage even their last hopes ; he accomplishes, in some measure, their defeat, by strengthening snore and more his interior government. Every thing was to be as extraordinary as he is him self, in the events which have occurred during his reign. Formerly, after some years of war, the event of many compelled conquerors to sue for peace ; at present the support of so many armies, has not inter rupted the successive amelioration of our finances.— Formerly the signal for war suspended all useful esta blishments, and the national monuments, whereon is engraven the magnificence of Kings ; to-day the cities are embellished on all parts ; one might say that this people, so terrible abroad, is employed within only , in preparing the age of peace, of the arts, and of festivi ties. In a word, war has not at all enfeebled the strength of the laws, and of the police, now the wisest and the vigilant police insures the public safety. She sees the scourge of poverty disappear,' with all those scourges and disorders which it drags in its train. This influence of a good administration has been felt even at the time when the Prince was absent : he animated and restrained every.thing at the distance of 300 leagues from the frontiers. No sooner did the English appear than France snatched up her arms ; no sooner have they fled, than she with equal readiness has laid them down. Admirable in her movements, and no less admirable in her inacti vity, she has shewn in Europe the energy and wisdom which characterise a great nation; she has mani fested what she can perform under the all-powerful ,hand which can either precipitate or moderate her at its pleasure. Stich is, Minister of the Interior, the su perb picture, Sir, which you have exhibited before our eyes. You could not have more effectually praised the Sovereign than by detailing his life. Orators have been told, that nothing could be more sublime than his actions simply related. We ought to add, that nc.hing is more eloquent than his words. It is by repeating them with fidelity that we exhibit him in all his glory. How much were we affected whilst listen ing to him, the last time, when he said that he wished to live 30 years only, to be for SO years of service to his subjects. Never did a word more worthy of a King issue from the heart of a great King. Royalty is, in fact, only the most useful and the most emi nent of all services. It was instituted only for the happiness of mankind. Happy the Prince who is so well acquainted with its duties and with its dignity, and who expiesses them with so much nobleness.— What Frenchman does not this day form the same wish as his ? Yes, may be live 30 years—may he live still more—so precious a life cannot be sufficiently prolonged! And since every kind of prodigy seems exclusively reserved for him, let us hope that a reign so memorable will surpass all others by its duration, as it surpasses them all by its power and greatness." The applause' were renewed. The Orators of the Council of State having retired, the Sittings were ad journed till to-morrow. The Monitor of the 7th caving a long Report from the Committee of Inquiry, instituted to investi gate the circumstances which occasioned the surren der of Fort Desair, ( Fort Bourbon) Martinique. The Committee was presided by Marshal SZRRURIKR. The principal cause of the surrender is said to have been the apprehension of the powder magazine being blakvn up ; and as the fort was surrendered without a regu-, lar siege, and only from the effects of the bombard-I men% the whole has been referred to the Minister of Marine, to cause the laws of the empire to be execut ed against the accused. THE EVENING STAR. LONDON. THURSDAY, DECEMBER 28. iN Noczwrs--Holiday tt the Bank, Exchequer, and Stamp-Office. The Elizabeth, Flag of Truce, returned to Dover yesterday from Calais, and brought back Mr. POWELL, Secretary to the American Minister, who was not suf. fered to land. Mr. MAYNZ, the Austrian courier, went on shore as soon as the vessel got into Calais. The threat denounced against Holland in the mes sage to the French Senate, and the Expose, is carried into effect. That country no longer forms one of the States of Europe. The forma? annexation of it to the French Empire has been declared ; and. swarms of Custom-house officers, supported by numerous troops, are on their way to give effect to the new organiza tion to which it is condemned. Letters to the 22d instant, upon the authenticity of which we can impli citly rely, were yesterday received with this informa tion. The intelligence was brought to Amsterdam by express from Paris. We this day insert the remainder of the Expose of the state of France, excepting what relates to public works and other internal matters, which, on account of their length, we are obliged to defer till to-morrow. If we may credit this document, no idea was ever en tertained of erecting Poland into a 'kingdom. No change is to be made in the political relations of the Confederation of the Rhine, or in those of the Hel vetic Confederacy. The Hanse Towns are to retain their independence—but it need hardly be observed, that in NAPOLEON'S dictionary, the word " indepen dence" has a meaning very different from its ordi nary sense. The farcical independence of Holland is terminated % for a reason which may be employed for incorporating any country whatever with France: " an extension of the arteries of the French Empire!" The intention announced by NAPOLEON to protect the Turkish Empire, deserves particular notice. It is plain from this that Russia must only follow in fu ture that line of conduct which the French Emperor may dictate. Turkey is destined to be an extension of the arteries of the French empire ! ALEXANDER may fret, but he dare not even remonstrate. This however is but the beginning of his mortifications, for most pro bably he must acquiesce in a marriage between NA POLEON and the daughter of the King of SAXONY—the future consolidation of Saxony and the Duchy of War saw with France ! an event which will for ever ex clude Russia from the centre of Europe, towards which all her efforts have been directed for the last forty years.—The sudden departure of the King of SAXONY from Paris gives countenance to the idea that his Majesty has been dispatched to Dresden to over come the scruples which his daughter may entertain of becoming the spouse of another woman's husband. The public must recollect that these scruples pre vented her, on a former occasion, from -agreeing to give her hand to King JEROME. In adverting to the state of Spain, NAPOLEON, making a virtue of necessity, declares, that " he will never oppose the independence of the Continenta 1 nations of America, provided they enter into no am nection with England." This is another instance of the singulir notion which he has of independence. But fortunately, though he should succeed in Spain, it will be out of his power to keep the colonies in a state of dependence, contrary to their own inclina ' tion ; even if they should not be disposed to accept independence on the condition which he imposes. We have formerly laid before our Readers the sen tence pronounced on General Montrzr, for the sur render of Flushing. The French Papers containing the Expose, also furnish us with the Proce: Verbal, by which MONNET was tried. A letter from the Ge neral, who is now a prisoner of war at Litchfield, addressed to the President of the Court Martial, was read previous to its rising, but no proceedings were adopted in consequence. Yesterday morning parts of the 6th, 90th, and 50th Regiments of Foot, landed at Deal from Flush ing, and marched for Dover. Tuesday, the transport brig Isis (0 D), with 210 men of the Rifle Corps, German Legion, and yester day the brig CU, with 105 of the 85th Regim ent , both from Flushing, arrived at Dover. A detachment of Royal Artillery Drivers is now marching from Exeter for Plymouth Dock, where they will be joined by 100 more of the same corps, and will embark before the expiration of the week (or as soon as transports can be got ready) for Portugal. Several pieces of heavy ordnance, and other military stores, are also collecting there, for the same tlestina ' don. The head-quarters of the East Kent Militia are established at Salisbury. Five companies are guar- ; tered in that city, and the 6th company is quartered at Southampton. , Yesterday a Court of Directors was held a t the i India House, when Captain JOHN WOOD was sworn' into the command of the ship HUGH INGus, destined to Madras and Bengal ; Captain GRAY was also sworn into the command of the CANTON for China I direct. The stations of the undermentioned ship's were thus ) altered, viz.— The David Scott, Captain Locke, jun. Madras and China, in- i stead of China direct. The Cirencester, Capt. Hatkett, St. Helens, Prince of Wales Island, and China, instead of China direct. The ships BOMBAY and ROYAL GEORGE *ere taken up, and stationed for China direct. SOTITit AMERICA. RIO JANEIRO, OCTOBER ID. The Prince places great confidence in the Portuguese, .>.r•.i asserts that he shall certaitily go back to faction. " A petition has hero presented to him, signed by 20,000 In• habitants of all degrees, tor hint to issue an order for the e:yu!• • %ion of all wrangers (mewling the Engli:Ji) out of the country be fore he himself quits it. " By a vobel Irmo the Cape of flood Hope, just arrived, we hear that five French frigates hoe been taken by the Brhlals in the Indian Sca3." BUENOS AYRF.S, SEPTEMBER 4. We have here at present ten merchant vessels, and three men of war. " There have been some commotion. ih Peru, and they con tinue still in the provinces of La Paz, and Chuquisulu. The principal pretext is, that there is a secret Intelligence between the Governor and the Court of Brazil fur the delivery of Ame rica into the hands of La Carlota*. Under the influence of this principle, the people have liberated the Indians from paying tri bute, have deposed several Chiefs whom they considered opposite to their objects, and have prepared themselves f o r d e f ence , i n case of being attac ked ; fortunately the provinces of Prun, Cocham bamba and Potosc remain quiet. • La Carlota is supposed to be a mystic term for France. BUENOS. AYRES, SEPTEMBER 7. We are all waiting with anxiety the result of a propo‘ition made by the Vice-roy, to the Constituted Authorities, to oper: this Port to the English; it has been strongly recommenced by him, and partly determined on, but as yet not decisively so.-- Last night the Junta met at the Palace, when the Vice-Roy told them plainly, that the, Government wasfour millions in debt, and that ha would require for the support of his GoVernmeat siso,ona dollars monthly: therefore, if they could by any ether ways and means pay the (I , l:Jencks, and secure the necessary suipliesi l well and good; if not, he must be under the necessity of ogeniol the Port to the English, He has given them one week to ccnsi der of it. The old Spaniards here are to a ntan against it ; vice versa, the natives are as much for it; there are Memorials both for and against it going about for signitures. I believe the terms on which the trade will be established are these :—Ships from Eng land will be admitted to entry, on payment of 38-1-3 d per Cent. or as others say, - SO ; I think on the original invokes; the vessel to be consigned to a Spaniard, who is to receive a comtnissi , ,n of 6 per cent. on sales, and 4 per cent. on returns. Two-thirds of the returns must be made in produce, the remaining third may be in specie, on payment of the regular export duty of 9 per cent.— These are the hea4s, which no doubt will undergo many modifi cations. Trade Is very dull, and the market already overstocked. This place will be in a short time as bad as Ric AMERICA. MR. JACKSON'S LETTER. (CIRCULAR.)—" W•sultioTow, Nov. ISOM!). " SIR-I have to inform you, .with much regret, that the facts which it has been my duty to state in ml,official correspondence with Mr. Smith, have been deemed by the President of the United States to afford a sufficient motive for breaking off an im portant Negotiation, and for putting an end to all communication whatever with me, as the Minister charged with that Negocia don so interesting to both nations; and on Nieman' materialpoint of which an answer has riot been returned to an official and writ ten overture.• " One of the facts alluded to Ins been admitted by the Seen. tary of State himself, in his letter of the 19th of October, viz. —That the three Conditions, forming the substance of Mr. Enkine's original Instructions, were submitted to him by that Gentleman. The other, viz.—That that Instruction is the only one in which the Conditions were prescribed to Mr. Erskine 1 for the conclusion of an arrangement on the matter to which it related, is known to me by the instructions which I have myself received. " In stating these facts, and in•adhering to them, which my duty imperiously enjoined me to do,in order to repel the frequent charges of ill faith which have been made against his Majesty's Government, I could not imagine that offence would be taken at it by the American Government, as most certainly none could be intended on my part; and this view of the subject has been made known to Mr. Smith. "But, as 1 am informed by him that no further communication will be received from me, I conceive that I have no alternative left, which is consistent with the King's dignity, but to withdraw altojether from this city, and to await elsewhere the arrival of histelajesty's commands upon the unlooked for turn which has been given to his affairs in this country. " I mean, in the interval, to make New-York the place of my residence where you will henceforward please to dir e ct y our communications to me, as I shalt be accompanied by every Member of his Majesty's Mission. " I am, with great truth and respect, " Sir, your most obedient humble servant, (Signed) " F. JACFSON. " To —.--, his Majesty's Consul, at ---." • This overture is on the affair of the Chesapeake. NEW-YORK, NOVEMBER 18. --- The Frencb armed schooner Tilsit, mounting 18 guns, has arrived in Hampton Roads from Bayonne, in a passage of 43 days. She is said to be a national vessel, and to bring dispatches for General Turreau. Four or five of her officers are in town; but I un derstand that they have not any news or newspapers. The schooner is stated to be destined for Baltimore, but the wind being directly adverse, prevents her from proceeding. Nov 23.—Capt. Turley, arrived at Philadelphia, 37 days from Carthagena, informs--that the -port was l l opened to neutrals for 9 months, with the prohibition of dry goods and spirituous liquors—that the Spa niards throughout South America were ripe for a re volution—that troops were marching from other pro. vinces against the inhabitants of Quito, where a Junta had been formed, and declared themselves free and independent people. In other provinces it was deter- I mined to pay no allegiance to any King except Ferdi. I nand VII. In case of his not succeeding as the King of Spain, it was said they were bent upon a repub lican form of Government, independent of any foreign Power. The markets at Carthagena were glutted with Bri tish manufactures. i NOVEMBER 25.—The Editor of the Philadelphia Gazette has had an interview with Captain Turley, of the schooner Phoebe, from Carthagena, in South America, who has assured him that not only the de claration of independence of Quito was certain, and that troops were marching from every quarter to sup press it, but that he himself had seen troops in readi. ness for proceeding there ; but such an indifference was apparent on the part of the said troops that they seemed more induced to support the cause of their countrymen than disposed to subdue them. This revolution in the province of Quito appears to be a spark which will extend rapidly over the whole con tinent of South America, and, in the present circum stances, is the only means•Ly which that country caa be rescued from the dominion of Bonaparte. On the 21st Noveniber, Thomas Addis Emmet, Esq. appeared in the Supkeme Court of this State, and in open Court took thi- oth of abjuration to the King Of Great Britain, and of allegiance to the United States of America. The American Papers state, that Mrs. PATTRRW•. has been created by BONAPARTE " Duchess of Balti. more !" '.., 1 I