The Press. — London, England, 1855-10-20 00:00:00

()MEM 20, 1855. satisfactory evidence of an awakening spirit in the better classes of the people, it leaves it to the future to show in what direction these rising energies will be exerted. Count Schwerin has been elected five times, Herr Von Patow, Herr Otto, and Herr Rhodew, each three times; and seven others, among whom is the Minister of Finance, have been elected twice. Looking solely to the known principles of such mem bers of the former Chambers as have been elected on this occasion, it would appear that the future House of Deputies will be split up into fewer so called " fractions" than has hitherto been the case; the main divisions of the Right side and the Left, which are styled respectively Conservative and Liberal, but which are, in fact, Reactionary and Conserva tive, will for the future form the sole hostile camps. The fractions that formerly took up middle ground between these two camps have lost most of their ad herents ; thus, the Carl fraction (an intermediate between the extreme Right and the Right) brings in only eight out of twenty of its members ; the Beth mann•Hollweg party, whose ground was between the Right and the Centre, has brought in only eleven out of thirty-three. It has been mainly against this party that the machinations of Government officials have been directed—its little band containing exclusively men of talent, respectability, and fitness for office, to which also they openly aspire. The so-called Wilden, or savages (members who have not attached them selves to any fraction), have only brought in twenty one out of fifty-eight, while the Polish fraction, which was always shilly-shallying between its duties to the Catholic Church, its fealty to the Prussian throne, and its leaning to its own nationality, has procured six out of eleven to be re-elected. The yet outstand ing returns of elections that have already taken place, and the supplementary elections that will have to take place, where various districts have elected the same man, will, doubtless, somewhat vary the figures already obtained, but the main features will remain unaltered. The Right side has brought in forty-nine out of eighty-five of its former members, the Left side twenty-nine out of fifty-seven ; the Catholics, how ever, have succeeded with forty-three out of fifty three of their former strength, and the extreme Right, the Gerlach party, has only lost two out of twenty four. However satisfactory the awakening spirit may be, and the earnestness that has led to the re jection of men who have taken up undefinable inter mediate positions, it is already put beyond doubt that the future House of Deputies will be Conservative in its majority. Of those already elected there are six Ministers, seventy-three Landriithe or high sheriffs, twenty-two other officials of the Government, four military officers, thirteen procureure du Roi, forty judicial persons, five counsel, eighteen bailiffs, twenty one clergymen and clerical persons, five professors and physicians, twelve retired military officers, six teen retired civil employes„ ninety landowners and farmers, twelve manufacturers and men engaged in trade, &c. The first ten of the above categories con tain men directly or indirectly in the service of the State, and compose two hundred out of the enti:e number of 350 ; the first five, however, which con tain the Ministers and exclusively officials in active service, men under the ferula of discipline, compose one-third of the whole. With the exception of about ninety, all the provincial elections are now known; but the difficulty Worming an opinion on the proba ble constitution of the future Chamber is increased by the circumstance that of the 280 elections pub lished 121 are of men as yet unknown to parlia mentary lire. The general opinion seems to be that the result can hardly be other than a great gain for the liberal cause, it not being in the slightest degree probable that of the remaining ninety elections, chiefly in the Rhine provinces and Westphalia, any additional superiority will be gained by the Right side. The Catholics have almost to a man sided with the Liberals, who, it must be borne in mind, are the real Conservatives, whilst the other party, who have arrogated to themselves this denomination, are the real disturbers of the constitutution in a retrograde sense. AUSTRIA AND GERMANY. The Vienna papers have been filled with articles upon the new financial measures of the Government. Baron Bruck has been in attendance on the Em peror at Ischl to obtain a settlement of the Credit Mobilier, but nothing definite has yet been pub lished. The text of the concordat recently concluded be tweeh the Pope and Austria has appeared in the Oazeita di Venezia. It &obtains twenty six articles, which more or less seriously, interrere with or abolish the rights and privileges of the Austrian Crown. ITALY AND ROME. The Corriere Mercantile of Genoa of the 12th states that the King, whose health isinuch improved, will himself, probably, open in person the session of Parliament. His Maj?sty will, it is expected, be able to undertake his intended ,journey to Paris by the eud of the month. The Italian Legion does not form very rapidly ; it is mostly composed of Pied montese. Reinforcements bad been sent to the East. THE PRESS. At the Te Deism in Rome, lately performed by order of the French Minister in honour of the fall of Sebastopol, not a cardinal or prelate was present. A few days later, at a festival in honour of the Russian saint, the attendance of cardinals was remarkable. SARDINIA AND TUSCANY. The quarrel between these two Governments, which it was hoped would have been speedily settled, is in reality very far from any satisfactory arrangement at present. As it promises to be a " very pretty quarrel" between the two Governments, it may not be unlit. Wresting to state in tztenso the facts of the case. We borrow the details from the Times correspondent at Turin. The pith and marrow of the story lies in the appointrr ent by the Sardinian Government to the Tuscan Court of an envoy who was not agreeable to the Grand Duke. Aastria supports the Grand Duke in bis dislike, and through her the affair threatens to become of no little importance:— Count Antonio Cassati, the gentleman whose appoint ment has given rise to this disagreement, is the son of Count Gabrio Cassati, who was Podesta of Milan in 184/4, and who subsequently became President of the Provisional Government formed after the Revolution. So long ago as July of last year the Sardinian Government seem to have entertained an idea of naming him to the Florence Legs, tion, and its representative in Tuscany, the Marquis Sauli, having been instructed to ascertain the feelings of the Grand Ducal Court, and having spoken with M. Bal dassaroni on the subject, appears to have been of opinion that the Tuscan Government would receive him, although the appointment was evidently not agreeable. The nomi nation was therefore not then insisted on, and it was not until July of the present year that M. Seidl again men tioned the probable appointment of M. Cassati in a confi dential conversation with the Tuscan Prince, who made no objection, but desired to know the reasons to be offered to the Grand Duke for such appointment. The reason given was that the brother of M. Cassati, who had been a captain in the Staff Corps, had lost hie life by cholera in the Crimea, and Count Gabrio Cassati had, consequently, requested the Minister for Foreign Affairs to withdraw his son, Count Antonio, from Constantinople, where he then was, and attach him to a legation nearer home. The result of this interview was that the Marquis Sauli reported to his Government that M. Cassati's appointment would not be objected to; but before the arrival of M. Caned further inquiries were made of the Sardinian Minister on the part of the Tuscan Government as to whether M. Cassati was a refugee, and whether he had taken a prominent part in the Milan revolution ; and his replies were considered sa tisfactory by M. Fornetti ( the Chief Secretary for Foreign Affairs), who asked these questions on behalf of M. Bal dassaroni, and also by the Duke of Casigliano, Minister for Foreign Affairs. Soon afterwards M. Cassati arrived at Florence, and the day following the Marquis Ssuli noti fied it officially to M. Baldassaroni, distinctly stating at the same time the post that M. Cassati held in the Sardinian legation. To this communication M, lialdassvoni re turned the usual official acknowledgment, and within two days after returned the official viait of M. Cassati, who was subsequently officially presented to the President of the Council of Ministers at the Foreign office, and was exceedingly well received. It was some time in the month of August that qualms seem to have first oppressed the Tuscan Prime Minister for having assented to this appointment, and he then com plained to the Marquis Sauli of the great inconvenience caused by ISt. Cassati's presence, and hinted at his not being well received at Court, begging that measures might be taken for his removal to another Court, as other wise all the blame would fall on his (M. 13aldassaroni'e) shoulders. This request was duly communicated to M. Cibrario, the Sardinian Minister for Foreign Affairs, who replied on the 23rd of August that " another post should be given to Cassati," and had M. 13aldassaroni bad the patience to wait for that answer the affair might have been settled without further difficulty ; but before it could arrive he had written a violent and intemperate note to the Sar dinian Minister, which produced a hot reply, and led to an irregular appeal M. Baldassaroni to M. Cibrario that ended in a rupture of diplomatic relations. Now, it was not unnatural that it should strike both the Sardinian Government and its representative that there was stronger influence at work than mere courtly prejudice in the course of these transactions, and accordingly M. Sauli asked M. Baldassaroni on one occasion if Austria had ex ercised any pressure in the affair of M. Cassati; to which M. Bahlaiisaroni replied most emphatically that nothing of the kind had occurred. In contradiction of this asser tion of the Tuscan Minister, in an interview between Count Buol and the Sardinian Chargé d'Affaires at Vienna within the last few days, the part taken by the Austrian Government was not only not denied, but was spoken of as quite as natural as if Tuscany were de jure as well as de facto a dependency of Austria. Moreover the Austrian Government looks on the affair as in some degree personal, and it does not hesitate to threaten that if the dispute is not arranged within a limited period it will regard it as a personal quarrel, and adopt measures accordingly. Such is the state of the affair at this moment. The Tuscan Go vernment demands that the Sardinian Government should apologise for having appointed an objectionable person to its Legation at Florence. and withdraw the exceptionable individual, while the Sardinian Government claims an of consideration shown to its - amende for the want -_ repre sentative ; and, notwithstanding the extreme divergence of these pretensions, it is more than probable they would have been amicably settled ere this if the Tuscan Govern ment had been really independent and the mediators employed had been strictly impartial. The Grand Duke of Tuscany may be too deeply steeped in humiliation to feel the degradation imposed upon him by such conduct, but there is little probability t h at the Zing of Sardinia or his Government will allow themselves to be dictated to by the arrogant pretensions of an intruding party that would fain frighten them into receiving an insult by threats of its own displeasure. SPAIN. The Cortes presented a loyal address to the Queen on the 11th, to which her Majesty returned a rept* expressing her confidence in the statements of the address. Dissensions prevail among the Carlist chiefs. Cabrera, Borges, and Tristany are willing to accept a sort of representative government, whilst Elio, Aro valo, Estartus, and Forcadell insist on the re-estab lishment of absolutism. The Government, relying q the Emperor of the French, apprehends no invasion along the northern frontier. The total amount voluntarily subscribed to thl loan of 230,000,000 rea's was 205,000,000, and the remaining 25,000,000 reels was to be obtained by a forced levy. Changes were spoken of as probable in the Spanish Cabinet. M. Olozaga, it was believed, would undertake the Foreign Affairs, and M. Esco sura the Interior. DENMARK. The State prosecution of the members of the late Danish Cabinet is proceeding at Copenhagen. In the correspondence of the Debate it is denied that any Congress is contemplated by Denmark to regu late the Sound dues. The Baltic States, Russia, Prussia, Sweden, Mecklenburgh, and Lubeck, havh been simply invited to a conference in order to con sider the repeal of the dues; but it is not intended to appeal to an European congress. UNITED STATES, MEXICO, AND WEST IN DIES. The Tyne arrived at Southampton on Thursday, with dates from Chagre.s 23rd September, Jamaica 27th, and St. Thomas let inst. From San Francisco we hear that Her Majesty's frigate Amphitrite retmed op the 20th of August from Ayan (Amoor River) and Sitka. She had found Ayan deserted, and no signs of the Russian fleet. A Russian steamer lying there was blown up. No fortifications were discovered at the mouth of the river, and the Russian fleet could not have ascended the river in consequence of the bar at the entrance. Their whereabouts wart s unknown. By the Baltic we have dates from New York to the 3rd, and Mexico tot the 30th ult. The news of the fall of Sebastopol. . bad been received with great re joicings by the English and French inhabitants at Mexico. General Carrera had reiigned, and disturb. ances were very general. In the Banda Oriental also there were disagreements among the several statev, which it was expected would lead to war. INDIA AND CHINA. The Norma had arrived at Suer from Bombay on the 30th ult., and the Oriental from Calcutta on the Bth. Dates from Calcutta, Sept. Bth ; Bombay, 12th and Madras, 14th. Malia and Burmah were tranquil ; the Santal in surrection had been almost subdued, and, except in the Nizam's dominions, there Lad been no dis turbances. The Indian mails had arrived at Marseilles on Wednesday morning. THE GOVERNOR AND DEPUTY. GOVERNOR of the Bank of England had an interview on Wednesday with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, at his official residence in Downing street. THE IIEOISTRAR•QESLMAIy in his weekly returns, gives the deaths of 870 persons in London during the week ending Oct. 13; 449 of the number died under 20 years of age; 131 young men and women died of the age of 20 40; 124 persons had lived to the age of 40-00; and 124 more to the age of 60 80; while only 22 bad passed 80 years, and approached the natural limit of human life (100 years) : 228 of the deaths were by zymotic diseases, including 16 by small-pox, 50 by scarlatina, 44 by diarrlicua, 4 by cholera, 45 by typhus and other fevers. Consump tion was the cause of 108 deaths, apoplexy of 2.1, paralysis of 16, bronchitis and pneumonia of 02; 18 violent deaths were registered. The average deaths in the corresponding week of the previous 10 yeaiii TM 905, or, corrected for increase of population, 1,035. The deaths in the last week were 870, or •225 below the corrected average deaths in London. The births consisted of 793 boys and 771 girls, in aR 1,564 children, as registered in London. In the 10 corresponding weeks of the years 184544 the average number was 1,313. CARDINAL. WISEMAN held an ordination on Sunday last, when he admitted two clergymen of the Chuck of England into the priesthood of the Church o Rome; namely, the Rev. William John Roberta, M.A., of Merton College, Oxford, and the Rev. John Hilary Dale, M.A., of Christ Church, Oxford, sod lately &missionary of the Established Church in the diocese of New Zealand. Mr. Dale has been ap. pointed priest of. the new chapel of the " Angel Guardians " at Holloway, in connection with tho missionaiy kectotate of Hollows?.