The Press. — London, England, 1856-11-01 00:00:00

I NOVEMBER 1, 1856. tion took place relative to the estates at Sandhe.k • and Rufford, which had previously been held by the peer and the heir apparent to the title respectively. The suit ended in favour of the deceased earl, who rewarded his advocate, Sir W. Follett, with a service of plate worth 3,000 guineas. At the close of this suit the late earl cut off the entail of the estates. Richard Lumley Saville, Esq., of Tickhill-castle, is now the Earl of Scarborough, but in whom the es tates ar3 vested has not yet transpired. THE COUNTESS DE SALTS died on the 27th inst. at Avignon, in the south of France. Her ladyship was at the time on her way to Rome, where she proposed to pass the winter. By this event several families of distinction are placed in mourning. including those of Lord De Tabley, Right Hon. J. W. Henley, Lords Massereene and Farnham, &c. THE DEATH OF GENERAL GUYON, from cholera, reported by the last mail from Constantinople, is confirmed this week. He died of an attack of cholera, which catri.A him off in less than twenty-four hours. The funeral took place, with full military honours, in the English burial ground at Scutari. Mr. Blakiston, the Embassy Chaplain, performed the funeral service, at which several members of the embassy and a good number of his old companions in arms in the late Hungarian war, took a share. General Guyon was the son of a post-captain in the British navy. When scarcely sixteen he joined the British Legion in Portugal. After its disbandment he entered the Austrian army, and served several years in an Hungarian hussar regiment. He married into one of the noble families of that country, quitted the service, and retired, leading the life of a country gentleman. When the Hungarian war broke out, and the great want of officers was felt, he offered his services to the Hun garian Ministry, who appointed him to the command of one of the newly organised battalions. Although originally a cavalry• officer, he soon mastered his new position, and at the battle of Schwehat, where he led the avant garde of the right, he drove out the Austrians, by a brilliant charge, from the village of Mansfeldt. For this feat of arms be was raised to the rank of colonel, and put in command of the first division, which formed the avant garde of the upper army. Here he had again an opportunity of distinguishing himself by storming the formidable pass of Branitzko, which was defended by General Schlick, one of the ablest Austrian generals, thus making the union of the upper and the Theiss army possible. His third and most brilliant feat of arms was at Hegzu, where be so signally defeated General Jellachich as to force him to evacuate that part of the country and retire behind the lines of Titel. At the c nl of the war lie retired into Turkey, and was taken into the Turkish army as lieutenant-general. When the late war broken out he was sent to Kars as chief of the staff, in which, however, owing to the jealousies of the Turkish commanders, he was not so successful as in his command in Hungary. General Guyon was eminently a man of action, of marvellous personal bravery and great daring, and had he been put at tie head of a detached corps he would have rendered good service to the Turks, but his position, as a foreigner and Christian, was an obstacle to this. glisallantous. THE KNIGHTSEtRIDOE CHURCH CASE will be dis posed of next week. Sir John Dodson, Dean of the Court of Arches, has named Tuesday next as the day on which he will give judgment, at his court in Doctors' Commons, on the appeal from Dr. Lushing ton's decision in the case of " Wcsterton v. Liddell.' Upon his decision will depend the manner in which' the services of a large number of churches through out the country shall be performed, as there nre many, particularly in the dioceses of London, Exeter, and Oxford, where the Knightsbridge model is followed. A RESOLUTION unanimously passed by the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge at its last general meeting, recorded the grateful sense of the society of the late Lord Bishop of London's energetic furtherance " of the objects of the society. Dr. Blomfield, to whom the resolution was formally presented, returned a suitable answer. THE MANCHESTER CHAMBER OF COMMERCE DEPUTY sent to represent the Chamber at the Free-Trade Congress, recently held in Brussels, made his report to the board of directors last week. He represents the spirit which animated the proceedings to have been admirable, and nothing seemed to be wanting to a successful diffusion of the principles of free trade throughout Europe if the resolutions adopted at the close of the congre s s be enforced with energy. The term assigned for the duration of the congress was found to be too short to admit of a full development of the bene fi ts believed as certain to attend a universal adoption of free trade ; but the speeches made by gentlemen from various countries asserted that the principle had taken root extensively, and only needed cultivation. The written communications made to the congress were so numerous that it Was InIMINIIMM=NOMME THE PRESS. impossible to read them in detail, and it was there fore resolved that a history of the proceedings of the congress, and to contain these documents, should he . . forthwith prepared. A STONE was thrown at the nine a.m. Southampton train on Tuesday, as it passed Woking-common. It struck a window in a first-class compartment, smashed in the glass, and hit a Mr. Johnson so severely in the head that he was stunned for some minutes. " TOO BAD To DE TRUE," is the heading of the following paragraph in the Times this week, taken from the Newcastle Guardian:—"lt is believed that the dismissal from her Majesty's service of that mis guided young man, Lord Ernest Vane Tempest, is of more serious consequence as far as he himself is con cerned than is generally supposed ; it not only entirely precludes him from ever again entering the army, but will, it is understood, be a total bar to his em ployment in any civil capacity, whether iu this country or the colonies. This, it is now said, his lordship—freed henceforward from the evil examples which in their results have proved so injurious to his prospects—feels both deeply and acutely. In fact, it is whispered that his more matured and chastened inclinations now incline towards the Church, a field in which be may be employed as honestly, as honour ably, and as usefully, both to himself and others, as in that of Mars. As the noble family to which he may still prove an ornament have more than one living in their gift, it is not improbable that this may be his ultimate and not ungraceful destination, however distressing may have been the events which led to it." DR. KANE, the distinguished American Arctic navigator, had interviews on Tuesday with the Lords of the Admiralty, and also with Captain Washington, the head of the Hydrographical Department. Dr. Kane is in very indifferent health. His exertions and exposure in his expeditions in search of the late Sir John Franklin have materially injured his constitu tional powers, but the gallant traveller has neverthe less offered his services to complete the search for any further remains of Franklin's expedition. A NEW ENGLANDER, this we"k, takes up the "railway and revolvers" letter of Mr. Arrowsmith in the Times. The New Englander enters intc certain details of the railway regulations, showing that Mr. Arrowsmith's statements are inconsistent with the known arrangements of the line, and asking "whether, among men known to each other (as several, at least, of the disputants were), the long and angry debate and subsequent fighting could have taken place without any use of names, or how even the deaths of these respective individuals could have been announced with any clearness of identification' Or is it credible that men would fight formal and deliberate duels without the ' names ' of both principals and seconds being mutually made known " In truth ( concludes the New Englander), the comic gravity of this general proposition on the subject of names " in that country " is the one point in the narrative which inclines me to adopt the belief (which I must tell yon is very general among my countrymen in London) that the writer of this story has sought to test the extent of Eng lish credulity as to " American atrocities" by penning a deliberate " hoax," and obtaining its insertion in your columns by a solemn asseveration of its truth. There re mains only the monstrous climax of impossibility involved in Mr. Arrowsn;ith's declaration, that he was " assured by a friend in Augusta that such occurrences were by no means uncommon, and that scarcely a day passed without some fatal encounter on that road !" What ! Does the man know what his words really mean? He actually says that five fatal duels and the murder of a child are by no means uncommon occurrences in that region, and that some one is killed on that line almost daily ! Here, at least, is al assertion to which a direct denial can be op posed. This is no statement of a specific fact against which any " general " denial is comparatively inefficient, but a broad allegation as to a condition of things said to be permanent and notorious ; and I say peremptorily and un hesitatingly that this assertion alone is so rash, so mon strous, and so devoid of even the shadow of foundation, that, according to all general principles of testimony, it should invalidate the whole of the narrative ; and It at least shows a readiness of credulity most likely to have been seized upon by persons seeking a victim for mystifi cation ; and the charitable conjecture in the matter is, that Mr. Arrowsmith has himself been made the victim of a carefully-elaborated hoax. TnE LIVERPOOL COTTON-BROKERS' ASSOCIATION has issued a protest against the prevalence of the system of false packing : The evil complained of (says the document) has, from carelessness or otherwise, increased to such an extent that, in a large proportion of shipments arriving in Liverpool, instances of false or irregular packing are discovered, and occasionally whole parcels, consisting of twenty, fifty, and even 100 bales, are found mixed in the bale, and some times plated ; in other words, the outer layer, from which the sample is taken, is more or less superior in quality to the interior of the bale. It is hoped that all parties will see the urgent necessity of promptly co operating to stop and remove this serious and increasing evil, which will otherwise disorganise the trade, and destroy that mutual trust and confidence without which such an extensive and important branch of commerce cannot be carried on. COAL-NINES within thirty or forty Tees of London have long been supposed to exist. Mr. Burnell, a ; 1 049 civil engineer, writing to the Times this week, thinks that coal may be found at a depth of 2,800 feet under Highgate—almost too deep for profitable working— but expresses a strong belief that coal will be found at Horsham only 1,700 feet below the surface. "Post the Coal," another correspondent, comments upon Mr. Burnell's letter, and frankly admits that he has discovered coal close to London. " I did not," he writes, "begin, like the learned geologists men tioned by Mr. Burnell, by looking for coal through a probable 1,800 feet of sandstone, new or old, but went to a valley where an old watercourse—in a4es gone a river, now a mere brook—had cut through all sandstone for me—where I bad to clap my hand only under a surface peat to bring out first fine unctuous clay, then a green mixed clay and sand, then blue clay ; this leads down to the 'jacket' and the shale. My coal discovery lies within 2(X) feet of the surface, if not nearer. It is, however, not under London, nor even at Blackheath or Hampstead, where fond tradi tion still clings to its possibility. lam a practical man, and I can assure your correspondent that I do not intend to make any mystery about it, but hope soon to have it in my power to give public proof of it to a general assemblage of reporters round the pit's mouth." A DISPUTE has arisen between the Commission o Sewers and the New River Company as regards the supply of water for public purposes. Mr. Haywood, the engineer, has reported to the commission : That for many years the New River Company has afforded water gratuitously for public purposes; that in the belief that it would continne to be gratuitously given, the commission has arranged the means of cleansing the sewers, ifcc., and that this was done with the full knowledge of and with the cooperation of the company. In consideration of these things the commission has remitted rates levied on the pipage of the company, and has made other concessions. The New River Company now gives notice of its intention to be paid in future years at the rate of 6d. a thousand gallons for all the water that might be required for public purposes, that rate of charge being the highest which by its act it can make, and the same as the charge to brewers and large consumers, who it may be assumed make profit by the use of the water they buy. The commission must at present depend upon the New River Company alone for the water needed, as no other company has pipage within the City. The engineer recommends that the question should be speedily settled. SIR Cur.wr. EARDLEY this week, in a letter to Os Times, defends continental Protestantism from the charge that it is a religion founded on the exclusion of the Bible. As chairman of the Evangelical Al liance, the first article of which association recognises " the Divine inspiration, authority, and sufficiency or the Holy Scriptures," he forwards a letter from the Prelate Kappff of Stuttgardt, announcing that, at a conference of 160 ministers held at Stattgardt on the Ist Oct., 152 - toted in favour of the Evangelical Alliance. Prelate Hapff observes : I had scarcely ventured to hope that so many of my Wurtembnrg brethren would have shown themselves so favorable to the Alliance. It was put to the vote twice, and this result fills me with gratitude to God, and this favorable disposition of my countrymen towards the Evan gelical Alliance is the more important inasmuch as we belong to a Lutheran Church, and faithfully adhere to the Augsburg Confession. But in Wurtemburg we are almost unanimously of opinion that, however decided we may be in matters of belief and ecclesiastical confessions, we must be large-hearted enough to embrace with true Christian love all true Christians, in whatever Church they may be found With regard to the Church of Wurtemburg, have remarked, both from ancient as well as later times, that the closer her members were united with Christ the more powerfully were they driven by the Spirit of the Lord to adopt, as a vital article of our faith, " the communion of saints." While all other countries of Germany have had to contend with rationalism, there have flourished in War temburg nearly 1,000 associations of vital Christians, which every town and almost every village has one or more There are societies of Christians numbering 20, 40, On, 100.. These associations, which contain about 50, 000 members,. are for the most part in favour of the union of all true Christians, and a narrow mindedness as it is to be found among the strict old Lutherans would never appear among them. -\,' THE INCREASE OF CRIXE, from drunkenness and ignorance, is alluded to by the Chaplain of Manches ter Gaol in his annual report. He writes : Last year, out of 2.114 individuals committed, there itre 1,149, or more than half, set down as'` idle and drunken." Out of 2,114 individuals committed in the course of the year, 1,319 could not read, and 522 oould read imperfect] y —in fact, only reading by a painful and laborious effort— so that it turns up that there are nearly 2,000 out of 2.114 persons the majority of whom could not read at all, and the minority hardly. lam aware that this doesnot account altogether for crime. I know that there are many honest workmen who cannot read or write ; but, to say the least, in the absence, it may be of daily work or a comfortable home, or the little resources of a book or a paper to while away an hour or two before bedtime, there is a great tempta tion to the illiterate to throw himself into the beerhouse for companionship and talk.