The Press. — London, England, 1856-08-02 00:00:00

734 TO CORRESPONDENTS. Lir impossible to acknowledge the mass of letters we receive. Their insertion is often delayed owing to a press of matter, end wham wgitted, it is frequently from reasons quite hide pendent of tV.I merits of the communication. Ira cannot undertake to return communications of which we do not avail ourselves. ' Co ntannlcations should always belegiblywritten, and on one side of the paper only. if long it increases the difficulty of finding spate for them. Westover is intended for i nsertion must be authenticated by the name and address of the writer, not necessarily for publics. thou, but as a guarantee of his good faith. • ivertisements sent from the country must be accompanied by a remittance or a reference for payment in town. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION POI& ebe vress: (STAMPED.) Per Annum .. .. Half-Yearly .. .. Quarterly .. .. Payable in advasee . .. R 1 6 0 .. 0 13 0 0 6 6 Subseribers are requested to send their Orders through their News Agent; if direct to the Office, accompanied by a remit tame. Advertisements also must have a reference or remittance. Money Orders to be made payable to Mr. Atrasii Iva, 110, Strand London. rib* 1P TOO. LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 2, 1856. POSTSCRIPT. The Moniteur of yesterday (Friday) contains the following despatches : St. Sebastian, July 31. We learn from Perpignan and Irnn that the whole of Catalonia has recognised the Queen's Government. Navarre and the Basque Provinces are in a state of per• feet tranquillity. Madrid, July 31. The Government is employed in nominating different functionaries in the provinces. The last strongholds of the rebellion—Malaga and Granada in the south, and Te-uel in Aragon, have sub mitted, and acknowledged the legitimate Government. From Saragossa, to which city the insurrection is confined, the insurgents are deserting in very great numbers. A DOM/CENT of considerable importance as regards Parma, showing the desires of both Government and people there, has lately been partially published by a Turin paper. It is a memorial emanating from the citizens of Parma, and lately presented to the Regent, with her consent, and with the consent of her Ministers. Count Crenneville is said to have requested to be furnished with two copies of it—one of which he sent to Vienna, and one to Marshal Radetsky. Tho memorial enters at great length into the state of the Duchy, past and present, its history, the law of succession of the Farnese Bourbons, the late crimes, and many other details of government. It ends by suggesting to the Duchess, as rentediee for existing evils, Ist, to dismiss the present Director of Police, confiding this delicate branch of the ser vice to a native of the country, cautious, temperate, prudent, devoted to the Prince, and to the laws of the State. To purge the police offices and dis band the mob of Guards, which has become hateful to the whole nation. 3rd. To reorganise the army (most important). 4th. To recal the Parmesan prisoners from Mantua (they are already said to be on their way back), to examine impartially into the cases of those condemned, and submit the others to a prompt and just trial. sth. To raise the state of siege. 6th. To cause the withdrawal of the Austrian troops. 7th. To repudiate resolutely the Custom-house league. Bth. To convoke under the Presidency of hi'. Royal Highness the Extraordi nary Council of State for secret deliberation on— (a) the equity of the treaty of Florence of 1844 (which made a new adjustment of the territories of the Duchies on the (demise of Maria Louisa) ; (b) the affair of mines held by Baron Ward, &c. ; (c) the reduction of certain pensions enjoyed by favorites. The West India and Pacific mails, with dates from Vera Cruz to the sth July, and St. Thomas's to the 17th, brings intelligence of the election of Walker to the Presidency of Nicaragua and of a revolution in Costa Rica. The West India islands were healthy. DR. LIVINGSTONE, the African traveller, now on a j )urney of discovery on the eastern coast, arrived on the 2nd March in good health from Angola at Tetto, th s most advanced station of the Portuguese on the eastern coast. Dr. Livingstone proposed to return to Quillimaine after a short rest. THE PRESS. M. Mazzini has addressed a long letter to M. Mania on the Italian question. M. Mazzini accuses Manin of impolicy in accepting the King of Sardinia as the hope of Italy. He points to Charles Albert's conduct at; a justification of distrust of all kings, and says that Sardinia is too much bound up with England and Franco to be really useful to the Italian cause : Do you imagine that King Victor Emanuel will sud- denly take the field, pass the Ticino and the Magra, com mand various other sovereigns of Italy to give place, and, fronting excommunication and the arms of his imperial ally, desire the Pope to yield up his temporal sovereignty? Do you imagine that, making himself a leader of insurrec tion and overthrower of territorial equilibrium and the rights of governmental Europe, he will throw down the gauntlet to the entire league of the kings? You, were you king, would not do it. Where I king, I would descend from my throne, and, making of myself a simple citizen, freed from every link or bond with European monarchy, I would say to the soldiers and the citizens—" Follow me." Do you hope either the one or the other coursefiom Victor Emanuel ? Signor Mazzini concludes by saying : Let the nation save the nation; let the nation, once freed and united, decide upon its own destiny. Is this au exclusive programme? Can a national party exist with out such a formula? Cannot, ought not, all those who seek a common country, to whatever fraction they belong, to embrace each other and unite beneath the shelter of that flag? Does not the future remain open to each ? We, republicans to-day, as we were republicans yesterday, do not seek to impose the republic. We declare the country the sole umpire. You, republicans yesterday, seek to-day to impose the monarchy. Which of us is exclusive? THE POSITION OF OTONNELL.—The Paris corre• spondent of the Times (second edition), in his letter dated Thursday says :—"Statements and opinions from various quarters now come thick in confirma tion of the view which I took a few days ago of the position of Marshal O'Donnell, of the di sullies he has to overcome, and the critical position in which he stands. It seems at first to have been generally imagined that, having ousted the Progresista chief, and shot down and disarmed those who had risen in his defence, and in that of the order of things intro duced by the revolution of 1854, he had nothing to do but put himself at the heaa of the Moderados, and that such was the course he would naturally and immediately adopt. But the Moderados, with whom must be included, as far as present action goes, the I'olacos and other shades of reactionaries, by no means subscribe to this arrangement, which, in truth, O'Donnell himself can scarcely ever have con templated or deemed practicable. The Moderado's are quite willing to reap the fruits of Espartero's downfall an 4 of the disarming of the National Guard; but they have leaders of their own whom they will certainly not set aside in favour of their quondam friend O'Donnell. They love the treason, but despise, or at least distrust, the traitor." M. DE MOREY has taken the hotel of the Dowager Princess Daschkoff for his residence at St. Peters. burg. The Princess, it will be remembered, was a few years since sent away from Paris by the Emperor Louis Napoleon, then Prince President. The story goes that one evening, just before the coup d'itat of December 2, the Prince, to whom the many sarcastic remarks of the Russian Princess at his expense were well known, asked her rather pointedly, at an evening party, when she intended to leave Paris? She eva sively mentioned some indefinite future time, but with happy feminine wit, retorted with the question, " And when do you think of leaving Paris, Monsieur le Pre sident?' The only answer this question produced was a hint to the Russian Minister within a few days that it would be more agreeable if the Dowager Prin cess of Woronzow Daschkoff gave up her residence at the French capital. The Princess soon after broke up' her establishment. THE REPORT FROM THE SELECT COMMITTEE OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS OR the Sound Dues has been published. The committee decline to inquire into the right exercised by Denmark to levy tolls on goods and ships passing between the German Ocean and the Baltic ; it is matter of history that England has acquiesced in the payment of these dues for some centuries, and at this time they are paid and regu lated under engagement by special treaty between the two countries, but admit that there is no doubt respecting the mischief and inconvenience attending upon the payment of the Sound Dues, as appears from the strong evidence of all persons engaged in the Baltic trade. The committee forbear to express any opinion on the merits of the propositions recently made for the abolition of the Sound Dues, but they strongly urge the importance of speedily settling the question, more especially considering the course re cently adopted by the United States of America. The committee, therefcre, think that the proposals of the Danish Government to the different States interested in the trade and navigation of the Baltic should receive immediate attention. SATURDAY, GOODWOOD RACES. GOODWOOD, this year, has been one of the most successful meetings known for some years past. The weather has been magnificent, the racing ex cellent, and the attendance immense. The Stakes were wcn by Pretty Boy, an outsider, at 25 to 1 at starting, but whose chance was materially assisted by a lamentable accident in the race. As the horses rounded the turn at the Clump, Chevy Chase bolted in front, ran up the embankment on the right, and fell back into the ruck of horses, knocking over like ninepins no less than seven, and in a moment throwing everything out of the race. Pretty Boy was rammed through fallen horses and jockeys, and won his race easily by half a length. The Cup was won by Rogerthorp, Yellow Jack obtaining his usual second place. From the sad accident on Tuesday, the jockeys Bartholomew, Ashmall, Hearnden, and others, met with very serious accidents. Two INTERNATIONAL CONGRESSES are to be held at Brussels this autumn. One for promoting the prin ciples of free trade to be opened on the 22nd of September ; the other for improving the intellectual and physical condition of the working classes to open on the 15th September. TERRIBLE RAILWAY ACCIDENT IN THE UNITED STATES.—On the morning of the 17th of July 1,100 children, of various ages, started from Phila delphia, with their teachers and friends, for a pic-nio on grounds near the North Pennsylvania Railway, about twelve miles from the city. There was but one line of rail, and the train, being unusually heavy, was detained beyond its time. The regular down passenger train, instead of waiting at the turn-out, pushed on at full speed, and in rounding a curve the two trains came in collision. The re sults were too dreadful to believe. In the whole an nals of railway murders I have never read anything so frightful. The two locomotives were locked together in one undistinguishable mass. Three of the cars on the excursion train were ground to splin ters, and the unhappy children crushed beneath the ruins. The next two cars were thrust forward over the ruins, and into this mass of broken iron, splintered wood, and mangled limbs and bodies, fire from the locomotive fell, igni!ing the whole. Then ensued a scene to horrible for description. The dead were charred and burnt so as to be beyond the recognition of their friends. The agonies of the dying were made more excruciating by suffocating smoke and heat, while the wounded and mangled, pinned by the firm masses which covered them, met a slow death by tire. The total number of victims by this wholesale slaughter is not yet ascertained, but it is supposed to exceed 100. No excuse is offered, as, indeed, none could be made. The guilty conductor whose recklessness caused this destruc tion put an end to his own life by arsenic. A TERRIBLE EARTHQUAKE occurred on the evening of the 2nd March, on the island of Great Sangir, of the Molucca group. The volcanic mountain of the island, Awu, about 4,000 feet above the level of the sea, at the same moment burst forth in eruption, a frightful tempest set in, the earth opened on all sides, hot springs burst out, the lava poured down streaming over the country, and this frightful scene lasted for four hours. About noon the next day the mountain threw up for several hours such clouds of ashes that the snn was darkened, and the country for miles buried under the heap. On the 17th a third eruption occurred. The loss of life is estimated at nearly 3,000 persons. The majority were destroyed by the lava. THE REFUSAL or CABS at railway stations to take fares has been alluded to this week by several corre spondents of the Times. One says that sixpence to a porter will always get a cab, and charges the com pany with permitting a gross extortion. Another writes :—" The abuse is far from being peculiar, it prevails equally at every station in the metropolis. The proceeding described is not an isolated trick, but the universal practice of the cabs which ply at the various stations. On the arrival of a train, let any passenger make the experiment. His door is, as we will suppose, the first to be unlocked; he is next to the platform, he jumps out, and rushes, first of all his fellow-passengers, to the line of cabs on the other side ; he will receive the same refusal from all, on the plea of a previous engagement. They do not want him—they want the old lady with the bandboxes, her parrot, and all the extra luggage which entitles them to their extra charge. I have frequently met this dodge by pooh poohing their professed engagements and seat ing myself inside their cab; but this succeeds only if one is among the very first corners, and, even then one runs the risk of being ejected, as it is, of course, possible that the cab may have been engaged either by signal from one of the carriages, or by one of the porters at the request of a passenger." CRYSTAL PALACE.—geturn of admission for six days ending Friday, August Ist, 1856, 58,554.