Star. — London, England, 1809-06-09 00:00:00

shgwinj that it was so wsts one to fiie, and the Right !lon- Uentleman too.who spoke last, though he sup ported the motion, overturned the principle of it.— Nis - opinion was that persons having offices should hold their seats and answer in their places, not that they should be called as culprits to the bar. The present practice experience had sheen to be a whole. some one, and if it did not at present exist, it would be beneficial now to introduce it. The exclusion of persons who were receiving rewards for the services, lie conceived, would be equally erroneous as that of excluding officers themselves. He believed it would be admitted that both is the other House of Parlia ment and in this there were at least as many persons holding Pensions and Sinecures who voted against Mi. nisters as for them. They, on all occasions, voted as if - - they had no advantages from the Crown. The Right Hon.G en tleman ( Mr. Ponsonby ) had Marked so strong ly his own pension as coming from Parliament instead of his Majesty, that he could not.forbear from saying, that if any desire of making that House the sqnrce from whence such rewards should flow lurked behind, he should esteem it a most lavish and preposterbus idea, and he thus early intimated his dissent from any such proposition. The Hon. Gentleman (Mr. Whit bread) surely in instancing the Local Militia at an additional source of influence in the hands of the Crown, forgot his own identity, and that he himself was a Colonel of that force. But what was the remedy which he proposed for these additional 300.000 syco phants ? It was to be found in. the exclusion of fifty placemen.from that House. A philosopher of told had'l said that he could - argue against a Commander of s r many legions. He, in talking.of the Local Mili litia, could not be supposed capable of. arguing with . 11 Local Militia Colonel, or of disputing the fact, that a remedy to the evils of that system might be found in excluding from seats in that House two Lords of the Admiralty. He could not, however,. vote for the motion. • Sir FRANCIS BURDETT expressed' the partis cnlar disadvantage under Which he rose to reply to the Commander of so many legions as he presumed the Right Honourable Gentleman who last addressed tem was. For hii own pit, he admitted; that his 'knowledge of the Constitution was principally deriv ed from the statutes ; and so thinking, he could not brut consider that argument as .Most extraordinary which defended the defects in the representation of the people, and upon the ground that there were at pre sent in that House many persons who, under a re formed system, would not be returned. What was this but to assert that there were representat.l4es of the people as the House was now constituted, who - had net only a separate, but a. contrary interest to that of the pe0p1..... ? Amongst the many evils which . - the defective state of the national repreientation re -tendered,' there were none more grievoui than the Otsli, Otlint tinder which the House frequently was to re ebtt to palliatives for the purpose of staying the evil, an evil which Admitted of no palliative. Jt had been stated by a Right Hon.and Learned Gentleman (Mr. Ports"nby) in illustration of a principle, that he, thottgh holding a pension in right of a late office, still held that pension totally independent of the Crown. Nowi he must own, that in his view, both the prin ciple and the practice of conferring such pensions, were a very great and objectionable public grievant*. It was hard that the people should be saddled with such burdens. Within a very short period the coup. try was called upon to pay pensions to four different Chancellors of £5,000 a-year each. Why were per. sons holding such offices removed on the change of every successive Administration, thereby imped ing the Course of public justice at the same time that it aggrat ated. the public pressure. In rip portin . the present Resolution, he still felt that it was o nly palliative ? capable ofproducing good as far as it went: lie, however, would feel much regret, if it tended to mislead the public. judgment, • or di verted it frintrthe only redress adequate to the evil, namely, a Reform in the Representation of the People.. Forthat there could be no substitute, as upon a tree And pure election, when the choice of the le to sillect those entrusted with the disposal of peop le pro perties and persons, the very spirit of . the Constitu tion, depended.—lf, however, it was to be alLinfluence (in other words, corruption) in one branch, and all submission on the other, then he could not consider it but as a farce. Would any man pretend to say that such a pure and free election existed, when it was asserted and proved in petitions before the House, that 157 Boroughmongers influenced returns to that House ? He laid no stress upon any augmented in. fluence of the Crown, but he reprobated a • system which altern a t e ly i n th e name of the Crown oppressed the people, and alternately in the name of the people diminished the just prerogative of the ey..cutive branch of the Constitution. He knew that the Crown was en titled to the Constitutional exercise of its prerogative by the law of the land, and that it . was necessary to en trust to the Executive Government strong poweis the able administration of public concerns. But it was also a part of the Quist itution, and the very living prin. ; ciple of popular representation; tlet the People should not be tax e d wi t h out t h e i r own conient, and that their persons should be safe under the protection of. the laws. &cure them in those two points, and on their part there be no attempt to encroach upon the rights of the Cr(mi . . Where can the security be found/ Only in a , fair and adequate representation of the people in the Comnums' House. That was the plain and simple Principle, certain of producing the desired effeit, and reudering substitutes and palliatives of any sort, un occes,:ry. Lord PORCHE:TER reprobated the proposition of excluding otlicial characters from that House, as replete with evils of serious magnitude. The Noble Lord had determined to vote however, for the Reso i • daub under the impression, that there may possibly be a d escr i pt i on o f persons holding places and enjoy ing pensions, whom it would be proper to remove from that House. . Mr. I'ONSONBY, in explanation, stated, that the Honourable Baronet must know that in the nature of thin gs it was impossible, that a Chancellor 'could re. ';-1 in otli ce w h o dif fered wholly in • his political icws from the other Membersof the , King's Govern meat Colonel ELLISON protested against the libels which he too often heard uttered against the Laws Constitution of the Country—a. Constitution tzder which the people enjoyed a greater partieipa ti,n of civil bleismgs than any other Empire in the The Him. Baronet, he was sorry to say, saw nothing but defermities, and is as whollz.led away by a predilection for dry abstract propositions. He could not vote for the proposed Resolution, brought for. ward at a time at which the general purity of public management was so universally admitted (a /aux IN) Mr. HAWKINS BROWNE opposed the Resolu tion, on the ground that no change in the Constitution of that House was desirable, and that to entertain its prinCiple went to degrade the Legislature. Colonel BARRY could not' pledge himself to en tertain in a future Session a proposition, at the dis cussion of which it might happen, that many of those who now recommended it, in the course of nature, would not be in their places. It was, however, open to the Honourable Mover now to give notice of his intention, in the next Session, to make such a propo sition to the House. • pleasure, vrtereas . tiew -r th . ry held them for life, era thek salaries had been increased. The Hon. Gentleman concluded with moving a Resolution to the. following effect That, in addition to means already adopted by the House, steps should be take* to extend the same to other sinectsrea, Stc. in Courts of Law, and in certain ofßces Ireland," The CHANCELLOR of then EXCHEQUER the rose, and proposed a Resolution, containing some verbal alterations, le the room of Mr. Martin's ; when we understood that Gentleman consented to withdraw his own, and adopted that of the Char.- t ellor of the Exchequer. Mr. BANKES was of opinion, that all unnecessary plices ought to be abolished, and that the salaries of all places eletuted by deputy, shoula be reduced to the salary actually paid to stich de puty ; and proposed an amendment to that effect. Mr. I'ERCEVAL opposed the amendment, because it went to abolish all sinecures which were necessary to reward public ser vices, and as tending to alter a fundamental part of the Constitu tion ; he objected to the latter part, as by taking away the salary of the principal you will also take away the responsibility. Mr. CANNING contended, that if sinecures were abolished, some other mode of rewarding services must be adopted, and there(ire public economy would not be at all promoted by such abolition. Lord H. PETTY was of opieion, that the conferring of sine cures was the most economical mode of rewarding public service. After a long discussion, in which Mr. PONSONIT, Mr. W. SMITU, Mr. HUSKI33O:I, Mr. Si - MKS:3, Mr. THOR N rON, Mr. R.DUNDAS, &c. &c. spoke, the Keselutien was agreed to . —Adjourned at Four o'clock this morning. Mr. WHITBREAD, in reply, commented on the extraordinary recommendation of the last Speaker, when he reminded the Members of their mot tal state, an annunciation at all . tialt u Hot most agreeable to the human recollection. t how did he remedy the difficulty ? By a proposal avextroordinary as it was inconsistent with the awful contemplation which he excited. Do not let the House, said he, which is immortal, pledge itself to this resolution, lest in the course of nature some of its Members should, previ ous to the next Session, be'rentofid; but let the pro . poles., who is mortal, .who is momentarily subject to such a visitation, let him be , presumptuous to an nounce such an intention during the next Session r. 4 Parliament, .and •every thing would be correct. Now it did 'happen, that - the course pursued was the ordinary course when a measure was considered 4. any Member -necessary, but that the present 3 Session was too far spent f or i ts di scuss i on t h en .— 3 per Cent. Cons. The House had a precedent in the Bill brought for- 4 per Cesit. I' ward to regulate the office of Treasurer of the Navy.ls Der Another Honourable Member ( Mr. Hawkins Browns) had adverted to the characteristic purity of those : times, and in the fervour of his ejaculations almost appeared to feel that it was heaven itself; yet not withstanding all his encomiums upon the purity of public men, he (Mr. Whitbread) must say, that be was anxious to apply a little correction to him, not to the Honourable Member personally (a laugh), but as constituting a, part of the House of Commons.— Mr. Whitbread neat reviewed the objections of the Right honourable Secretary ( Mr. Canning) and con tended, that such was the' purify,. as it was called, of those times, that even the Chair. was obliged to endure from the Right Hon. Gentleman and his colleagues, admissions and justifications which in other times, in the days of Mr: Dunning, would not be endured.— ..Was this purity of conduct evinced in 'the total- sub version of the principle of a measure introduced into that House by an• Hon. Friend of his (Mr. Curwen) ! . but which from the total viblation of its meaning and its ;MOM, in consequence of 'Fovisions moved by. his M a jesty' Government , the House would, as: he trusted, feel it its. duty to nega tive. (Hear ! hear .9 ! —Corruption, he now contended, was threatened by the avowals which were made of its existence, and, the .disreg'ard of all'the Means calculated to prevent! its recurrence. The-Learned Chancellor of the Ex-, chequer considered it the duty of the House not toy indulge any hcipes of reform, whi c h m a y b e enter -! tatted out of doors. Let him .net be alarmed, lest' any false ,hoped should be entertained by the people respecting him. For whit hope& Could be indulged, when they saw a Noble Secretary (Castlereagh) con: victed, on his own confession, of an attempt upon the dignity of Parliament, still retained in the, service of the Crown, when they knew that he himself had been accused of a participation in another unconstitutional attack upon the independence of that House, and had shrunk fronfthe inquiry. ? When they recollect that he, pne of the greatest reversionists of the kingdom, had opposed the passing of a measure which-had received twice the sanction of that House, for the purpose of correcting such an abusive exercise of the Preroga the. But, forsooth, that House, the Learned Gen tleman contends, should not nom mistake the voice of a few designing demagogues assembled at a tavern, for the -legitimate_ opinion of the country. Oh yes I when every county in the - emp4v resounds with a cry for the correction of gross abuse, the answer is—these are the clamours of Jacobins and Demagogues, and the Learned Gentleman totally forgets what he himself had seen and heard, the cry of some infuriated ruffi ans armed with bludgeons, insulting and abusing some of the best men in the country, as enemies to Church and State. (Hear, he a r.) Turbul e nce and insanity of this kind, m the estimation of the Learned Gen tleman, bespeak the sense or the people ; but the con verse is applied to . their legitimate expression, con vened constitutionally, and unsupported by any fac tious arts—(Lieu of hear, hew, and laughter, from the Miaieterial Berscha)—uttsuppeited; l say, by.• any of these factious arts which raised that murderous cry to which the Right Honourable and Learned. (ten.. denim owes his office, and to which those who now cry Hear him l are indebted for their places. The Honourable Gentleman next -procee ded to cont. merit upon the argurrientt - of ininrlember (Mr. , G. Rose), when if that was to be touched could have no business there. He did not allude to the situation of Treasurer of the Navy which he held, but he was By thePAiii;utis, of 18 guns, arrived at Plymouth, a servant of another branch of the Legislature, he dispatches were yesterday received from Sir ARTHUR meant a Clerk to the House of Lords.—( No, No, from the Chancellor of the Exchequer.)—He is, raid Mr. WELLESLEY, by which it appears that that gallant VO'hithread, as surely as that you are.the greatest re- Officer was determined to pursue the army of Marshal versionist of the Admiralty Department. The Hon. Vie-ma, which had fled on Isis approach, and fallen Member expressed himself a decided friend . to a tem- back from Mareda to Caceres. Sir Aternett WEL perate and constittnittnal Reform of the Commons, carried into effect by the Hou se it se lf. • Ta.le.ad, to' LE S LEY had passed the Momiego, and was within 25 - that successful result, the whole count r y must , i n a , Miles of General MACKEN s corps, which was near temperate and firm manner, express its wishes. ' The Castle Branco; and had been ordered to march to experience thit recent circumstances afforded, of al- AlCantara. Letters from Captain M , Kixccv, dated most the highest power In the country yielding •to its ,Vigo May 25, state, that the Spaniards - had retaken' I unanimous 'feeling, must in a similar case, ensure the St - — T .: • success a the cause of Reform. The great danger to body and ; and that the Spaniards had defeated a —go—that Ncv 'was strengthening himself at Co. be apprehended was froniany Precipitance in pressing, and thus by the peoples' own conduct throwing them- -of French, after three actions, near I..tigo, arul 411, • selves into the power of their opponents. driven them to take refuge in that town. Colonel BARRY explained, and strangers were or- Letters from Cadis of the 25th tilt. and Seville 1 dered to withdraw.—The House divided, and the 'Gazettes to the 23d, arrived yesterday. They state numbers were For the Motion 54,--against i t 11$. TIIB THIRD REPORT. that some further insiduous overtures' of the French . The House then went into a Committee on the Third Report General SERAiTIAI.3 had been indignantly reject ed or the Public Expeuditure. the Supreme Central Junta, and that General Cpstiew Me. MARTIN ohs( rued, that at that late hour of the night he had advanced to Medellin in consequence of there* should not detain the House long. The Resolution he was aboot to submit to the Committee was one of great importance, relative. \ movement of VICTOR towards Portugal. With- the es the sinecures in Courts of Law, which amounted t o .434,600 in value. At the time these offices were institutcd, the situation • co-operation of : C VISTA it is therefore highly probable of the gr at Law Officers was very different to ghat It was at the !that Sir AiiiiitAyfgp,49l,` ; :ilvin be able to *give .A. preseett tine—the Judges he.l4 their lamina then only during good account of the enemy to that direction.. • 'l'fl E Ey ENLNC STAR. LONDON. FRIDAY. JUNE 9. PRICE OF STOCkS This DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK': Consols, for July, 19i—Estdneed6711-.-Omniant pos Erehetluer Bills ins, to Ills. press. PRICE OF STOCICA YESTERDAY. 3 per Cent. Red. ti7l.-3 Irish 5 per Cent:- 3 per Cent. Cons. shut India Bonds, I is: I Ss. pr. 4 per Coat. 831 i Exciter'. Bills, 17s. 1 8s. pre. 5 per Cent. Navy shut Ompiunt pre. Luna Ann. 15 7-161 Consols foram GUI The more we learn of the circumstances of the battle of the Danube, the less can we doubt that NAPOLEON has sustained a most serious disccmafiture by the good generalship of the 'Archduke Cnantrs. The abstract we gave of the 10th Bulletin was sufficient to shew this. This document is too important to have any pet of withheld ; we have therefore this day given it at length—The I Ith and 12th we gave yesterday. . By the Beaufoy packet, with Mails from Heligo land, the Austrian account of the above battle was received. These dispatches were brought to town by the Captain, (Nona's) yesterday afternoon ; and in the veiling, their substance was circulated, by Ministers, in the following BULLETIN. • " The Austrian accounts of the late battles have been received. They state, that on the 21st and 22d of May, the Archduke Cuwitt.es having been aware that 1 oNAPARTE intended to pass the Danube, his Imperial Highness was determined not to oppose his passage.. At mid-day on the 21st the Austrians advanced against the enemy, who had on the preceding day crossed the Danube: Bo NAPARTE endeavoured to force the Austrian centre, but was driven back with great lois, and the action, which had become general, was only pot an end to by night. At three o'clock on the ensuing morning, the Archduke again advanced, and succeeded In driving the French over the Danube, who, during the night from the 21st to the 22d, had been reinforced by the whole of their disposable force from Vienna. It appears, that the destruction of the bridges was not occasioned by floods, as stated in BONAPAITe Bulletin, but was the work of the Aus trians by means of fire-vessels. _ " lons of the French bad not been accurately ascertained, but it nwst have been immense, as 6COO of their wounded had been taken to the Austrian hospitals. le cousequt•nce of this de feat, Bo ro 11. rr was retreating, having covered himself by the Danube Island Lobeth The Archduke CaIARLSS ' S bead-quar ters were oil th• 'ad at Brieterach. " By the same accounts it is learnt, that Box A PART[ was tu rious •at his ill-success, and sent to his troops many indignant " The Archduke CHAR Lts was every where In the hottest of the fire; and, upon its being represeeted to hint that he exposed his person too much, his observation was, that he would either perish, or end. the contest in the streets of Vienna.' " A consideration part of the French army is understood to be se 000peti up as to be without any hops of slot Wag furctsl to surrender. " General KOLLOWILATIE, with an Austrian div isios, is stated to have passed the Danube near 'Lintz, and to ha ye takes four or Ave thousand prisoners." From all the accounts it is obvious that though the bridges of the Danube were restored, no attempt to recross the river had been made so late as the 26th-- :t circumstance which furnishes a strong proof that the enemy does not judge it prudent to hazard a fresh battle till he shall receive reinforcements. '; A report was in circulation this 3norning, that 80. NAPAMTE, deeming his position at Vienna not suffi ciently secure, had 1411 en back towards Lintz. We shall . be happy to find this rumour true. • •S• • ere,. Mae, • • SWEDEN. ACottenburgh Mail arrived yesterday, and bronet euefiiian Papers, from which we have given extract, jig the _next page.—This morning another Mail rived, which has brought- a ;confirmation of Russi having recommenced hoitilities. This Mail has likewise brought a Declaration by the States of Sweden, in justification of their taking the reins of Government from the late King. A State Paper is also published, dated Petersburg'', sth May, in which that Court demands possession of Finland, and the exclusion of the British from Swe• dish ports. No particular Sovereign is however dicta ed to the Swedes : the Declaration merely alludes to the unsettled state of the Government. GOTTENBURGH, MAY 26, Six o'Clock, " We have thls monsent received Information that the Russians have positively broken the armistice, ar.d have taken possession of the town of Tomes, and 700 men who garrisoned it. " Their demands arc said to be, that the Oueen shall be ap pointed Regent during the minority of her son ; that Finlatid shall be ceded, and that the Swedish ports shall be shut against England—the whole proposition having bve:i rejected, is the cause of the recommencement of hostilities." " MAT 29.—We have a report that 40,0(`0 Russians are force• ing their way into Sweden, the ice being still strong enough In the Gulf of £o•haes for the passage of heavy artallery. The o[s cial account of the Russians havin g entered Toms k afrissti this moraine' ~ .r..-, :, i..iy, •- . THE ARMY. e -o The Bret division of the Leicester Militia marched into Porte mouth yesterday morning, and were to be followed by the ry mainder of them this day. The Ist Battalion of the 6th Regiment, commanded by Lieu tenant-Colonel Wade, is completed to 110 u men,frein the second battalion, and will embark hi the scum's:if a frw 'days at Rama. gate. Tn. Sapednion which Sailed from the Downs, under convoy of the Kangaroo and Nymph sloops of war; has brought up in Cowes Roads, Isle of Wight. The Hardy gun brig has sailed from Portsmouth fir Cork, with 13 sail of transports under convoy, destined to take troops on board from the latter place, for Portugal. The transports, wits the 23d Light Dragoons, commanded by Colonel Set uuva,and 300 of the Commissariat Corps on board, sailed en Monday se'neight, Irvin the Cove of Cork, fon yortngal, under convoy of the Emerald, of 33 gem, Captain MX it LA rin. The 2d Battalion of the 42d Highland itegimenwhetnr on duty la the garrison of Dsiblin, has he,n ordered on their route for Cork, there to embark for foreign service with the expedition none tinder orders for that purpose. Tuuraday and Friday last the Argykahire Militia, nilartered at Aberdeen for almost two years rr.archieu out from thence on their mute for Ayr. On the same days, the 94th regiment marched in to occupy their quarters in Aberdeen b, r r ac k s . Th e y are a Atte body 'of men, mustering, we believe, about 700, although very lately rer turned from India. The nth, or laniskilling regiment of Dragoons, consisting of ten troops, are proceeding from Scotland to Ireland. • A body of tree fn, consisting of four regiments, the sth, 28th, 42d, and ti2d, will be very speedily assembled at Cork, and ent;• barked for Portugal. The Hon. Colonel HA ItSO RD'S and Colonel PET El corps of Local Militia having performed their 21 dars duty at Yarmouth, marched home yesterday morning. SeNotral of the men have vo lunteered into other regiments.. ' . • • • INTELLIGENCE. • FALMOUTH, halt 6.—Put in the Eurydice, COMPTON, far Surinam, by contrary wind`. PLYMOUTH, hues 7.—The Parthian, Capt. HOLte D, arrived last night at nine o'clock, from 0?orto, with Colonel . SWA t'sY, General Pansy, anti another Officer, with dispatches, which br immediately set off with, express, for London. POILTSMOUTH, JUNI S.—Arrived the Pilot gun-brig, with dis patches from Malta, in 29 days; Croydon, Williams, front St. Domingo, in 49 days:—Wind S. • 'ast mourn, Juba I.—Atrived from Gottenburgh,with mails and passengers, the King George, Capt. SAUNDZIS ; Auckland,. Capt. BHIDGI ; and the Lady Nepean, Capt. Lava tic ; and froth Heligoland the Beaufoy packet Capt. NOR It s, who is the b e a r er of dispatches, and who immediately set off fur London-41u packets remain. The vessel mentioned in my lasi, and which struck en the Home Sand, is the Mercurius sloop of war; the floated off the sand, and was taken possession of by the shore boats from Lowestoft, and brought into these roads. —Arrived the Nymphen, of 36 guns, from Gottesiburgh, having received considerable damage in the late gales; and Ned Elvin and Starling gan-brigs.--Sailed the Calypeo sloop of war, with the North-west skips under convoy, this meriting at five o'clock. GRAILUND, JUNK B.—Arrived the AdMiral Berkely, Ni by, from Monte Video, and Brookbank, Gillard, from Cadiz.— Sailed the Rucker., Ireland, for Martinique ; Bee, Stone:ousts, for Halifax ; and Flora, Butterworth, for Iceland. GREENOCK. JUNE 5. Arrived here on Saturday the Jason, Stewart, from Trinidad; sailed thence April 19. left loading, for Clyde, the Elizabeth, " Baird; Fame, hisTaggart ; sad Recovery, Wyllie; the two former to sail ia company 10 days after; spoke on the 26th, in lat. IS N. 63 15 W. the Duchess of York, from London to Coracoa; and on 22d May the brig Neptune. Thoinas k froin Liverpool to New. foundluid, out 11 days, all well. Advises here yesterday received from Buenos; Ayres of the overthrow of Lim Ens and his partrat that plate, and that the Governor of Monte Vicl4 had repaired thither to take himself the Government; leaving General ELK) in the command at the former place. Thus has a complete victory been obtained' over all the intrigues of Gallic agents intOuth Ani rica. At the date of these advice& 13 of LibUSKeie adherents had been hanged. q 1 och A Jamaica Mail arrived yesterday. W e f ormer f r , stated that the differerices between the Executive and the Legislative branches of the Government had line pily terminated. Major General CARITICAL4S . ,. had before the late prorogation disobeyed skgi t ti o l s requiring him to attend the House of Assembly, was ordered to be taken intS custody, and upon appearing: at the bar, regretted that his conduct should hair . . .been deemed a breach of prirshileipgyite4ll:: 4 th: fe r::: upon ordered to be discharged. . , A number of Frenchmen from Cuba .recenrly landed in Jamaica, about nine miles from'Kingiton and it was discovered that by was a regular communication maintii j ui s ett there for the - reception of their countrymen. The 2oLiee vigilantly engaged in examining into the affair, •stricr one American Captain had been fined 7011fdr land Freqchnsen without t4eprpper nqiceuf the 'Gqaim", ,taker.' • COON El - 411401G0, .MARK-LANt e IpXl I.—To•dwr there iii but a middling supply of Wheat, and no fine sansplevf seesied'inct Inferior qualities ut this node continue at little vsulalibtißarilet rather dearer—Good boilirg -Peas are again bOr*er ; :bof remit Foreign of orilluary quint , / on bad.—Grvy, two kinds likewise rashes dearer”.oass also, vitildtrior in'trfterst ble supply, and large arrivaie of FonsignitsUr4"lo 4 *" 6o6l 2'' test priee.s. Ats _ .11111111 r 11 'I 14