Star. — London, England, 1816-01-04 00:00:00

••:'• ' . • ~~ 0:120M 711 E RHAIVISH MEXCUR • FROM SAXONY AND A FEW ThiNGS CONeIIINING GERMANY IN,OSNERAL. It is well for Saxony that its fate is at last decided. A longer delay would only have been more severely felt; A ceuntry long united' together and forming .cone whole is now separated hard, extremely hard manner. • Many peculiarities and old habits, a community of destiny and efforts, the consciousness of ' having pre ceded the rest ot Germany in cultivation, and exemp tion from prejudices,' and of having given to their countrymen the first example of a polished language t. All these circumstances pervaded the minds and hearts of the whole of the people of Saxony, and bound' them together like members of the same family.— S tansy felt itself like a single organical individual. 'The pulse that beat through the whole of this body, which was animated by one soul, was forced to di vide itself to the right and lett. This could not be clone without pain ; bat they submitted without re ,.istance, or evtn the smallest opposition -= it was Merely the tears of separation of a house suddenly forced to break up. Their conduct is deserving, not merely of pardon, but of respect and confidence ; and the eagle will stretch out its protecting wings over them, as well as the rest of the Prussian subjects. The Saxons would feel all the beneficial influence of such a confidence, were they to be subjected to no institutions bearitog even a remote resemblance to the High Police, -as it is called, which is held in general odium, and which would here be only superfluous. A measure like this, of French invention, and a main engine of oppression and terror, could only have its Justification among a fickle, faithless atsti testless peo ple, but among a quiet andorderly northern people like the Germans must be 'quite_superfluous, and can only serte to fill them with unnecessary alarm, and to give rise to defamatory practices and false'ineasurea. Not merely the great States, but even the divided States of the locally and nationally united, but arbi trarily and politically separated Germany, ,though they might not carry on open hostilities on the fron tiers, were still placed in such opposition , to each other as to impede the general industry and prospe rity, and even to stand in the way of justice. The boundaries which intersected each other al most at every step in Germany, were lines on which a sort of curse lay / where hatted was engendered, where all the advantages and comforts of social life were annihilated by means ot absurd and impolitic restrictions. _ _ Every divided State in Germany did the . same in jury to itself which it wished to inflict on its neigh bour; and the whole was consequently a sufferer. — The mischief which this has given rise to in Get many, is incalculable. It is the principal cause why the most orderly and industrious nation in Europe, is nut also the most thriving and the must rich. But all these mischiefs of frontier opposition_ must .be much more severely felt when the boundaries are new, and when what before was one flesh and blond is diksevered in one momellt as it were by a sharp knife. Many individuals in Saxony have bad their undertaking, their estates, and their means of subsis tence divided by this ii..e of separition, by which sueli .num'jers are filled with alarm. The two parts were . c•mnected together by a reciproc:ty of advantages.— • it would be cruel in such a c•ise to tranter all at once the severity of the old boundary system to this sudden and unnatural lrontier. _ _ The indirect taxes kvied at the different frontiers have always been the grand . übstacies in the way of Gelman industry and circulation. A body Usk neves be in sound health of which the circulation is stopt • bya slumber of ligatures ; and it is equally inip-s -• sable tor a great nation like the German to enjoy the great advantages which it derives iron) nature, and ttle stiil weater which it might derive from its indus try, it the different teiritories are to be divided from each other by an avalicious rigour, and it every at. tempt et a ll.trCellt industry to extend its efforts is to be imitiedi.dtely driven hick and confined within the narrowest sphere of action. Itaynsl, in speaking of the Genians, •says, 44 These Allen wild create to themselves a paradise in all places." Vulney expresses in terms of high admilistion of their many domestic virtues, and re was 'cable industry in the American colonies, cum. pared with other nations. Why du these virtues not display themselves in Germany in the same degree ? The catis: is not is the people, who are artificnlly kept dawn, hut in their public relations. One of the principa: catts.s is the oppression exercised by Ger many on itseit at the different boundaries, and which renderkevery thing like industry on i great scale al together 12111/oaaibi:. It the di Brent G.ivernments could be- brought to lay aside thew hatreds and their prejudices, to form something like a close federal union, and to agree to an internal I:berty of commerce, they would effect wouders'in the country, and make it Sow with milk and honey. The two Vans into which the old and venerable state of Saxony is pew divided ; are very differently circumstanced. * That part which remains to its Old King has a soil of less fertility, a greater number of • inhabitants of towns, of labourers in mines exhausted haa threatened with ruin from want of,wood, and a . tunas greater number of persons employed in manu factories, and crowded together in an alarming grce, who depend on foreign countries fur a market for thin. produce, and who inhabit a desert chain 01 mountains; yielding only rye, oats, and good pota toes, An industry dependant on foreign countries is always precarious, and in this particular case it runs a great risk of being anon destroyed. This crowded population has often Suffered severely from want of irtarket' and SC22 itr of provisions. These two evils will be increased under the new Circumstances. The waist of corn, front tie loss of the fertile Thuringia, of which the produce was forced to seek .a market in the Smote manufattui ing mountains already men ' tvned+.-a regulatiOn bi which Thuringia itself was *gout augercr• !'free King, Whose rard intentions are unquestion able, but wild is .scroptilausly attached to old forms and the aristocratical constitutional the country, will be great impediatents in the way of .any beneficial change. In a great part of the remaining country the numerous inhabitants will frequently be in a situ: gsion not much less alarming than that of the English, la the Bt:i&r lnk of Calcutta. Whets there is a great population created by the -- !abseiled labor, of Comm timetiand.da4 is here the cam is p high degree), of which the subsistence .has been long on the_decline, which in its ordinar condition is only half-fed, often suffers from famin e, and from recent causes must often suffer from it hereafter, the object of the Government ought to be to change the industry miserably employed in manu factures Into a minute cultivation of the ground, ap proaching. to that - of gardening, to which such u po pulation, if at liberty, will naturally have recourse. This minute cultivation gives to the hand that wields .the spade, the sustenance which is consumed by horses, and this is an important matter. It produces, moreover, a much greater quantity of .provisions from the samt extent of ground, than is done by the cultivation on a great scale. It produces a much greater quantity of potatoes, by which ground is known to yield thrice the nourishment that it does in stubble crops, the great object of a more extended cultivation. It consequently affords additional means of subsidence, by which a crowded population, al ready called iiao existence, and which has often no thing more than the air it breathes, may live by its bwn labour with some certainty. This numerous population have often already tes tified an eagerness to obtain a spot of ground for the culture of potatoes, by which their idle hours might be turned to account with great advantage. They willingly pay an extravagant rent for it ; and thou sands of poor manufacturers would never have sur. vited the late difficulties without such a resource.— The Government must be of stone that refuses to af ford energetical assistance in such a condition of things. When such en unfortunate, crowd of people have been called into existence, the Government ought to. parcel out the ground belonging to it among them at a moderate rent. What before was only useful, be comes thus a means of salvation. The commons and waste grounds, near forests, ought, in like man. nor, to be divided. But in Saxony, the peculiar country of juridical delays and impediments, there will be more obstacles in the way or any bene fi ts of this kind than else: where. The selfish and aristocratical higher classes, which are alone represented in the States, throw all the burthens they can on the poor unrepresented ma nufacturers, and grumble because they have been compelled by the Government to take a small share of the burthens on themselves. They would willingly introduce the state of things four hundred years back, when men were little :tyre regarded than cattle. If ever there was a necessity for States to act for, and not against the people, it is in this case. But then these States must originate from among the people, that is by election from the great majority, among whom there are here more intelligent men in the back ground, and precluded from benefiting their coun try by their intelligence, than in any other dominion of Germany. The Buoy Body was played at Drury-lane Theatre last night, to a House exceedingly crowdi:d. Ui Dovrrox's Sir Francis Grille it is unnecessary to say a word ; HAllLill seemed a good deal at home, in Mar fila ; and Mrs. Mnattwx appeared as ifirafda with great approbAtion. The w!,ole went off extremely wril. The Lc'rd of a village being at dinner, allowed ont: of his tenants to stand while he conversed with " What news, my Intent'?" said the.'Scptire. " None, that I know of," replied the farmer, 64 except that a ow of mine has pigged 1/4irieen pigs, andshe has only 1.-uslve tea:s." " What will the ihinee:ith do?" asked • the Lord. "As'l do,'' returned HAW, 4 6 It wili look on while Cie others eat !" Much dain•ige has been sustained ;n the neighbour• hood of Maile:.•_ster, by the •vertiowing of the river owing to the sudden thaw on Ft ally las: : I-la Kay, b %%YVAN no byes have been lust. Jo some:. p..trts of 'the Ncrth of Li-eland the brae) fall of s now raiied sic obsttucti ns in the roads that the mail was thliged to be conveyed from town to too n on sledges. The Durham County Artrurtiscr says, " A most tn. mendotts gale, from the West, hAs blown during the whole of Ft iJay night, and very considerable damage has, in consequence, been &Ile in this city and neigh. bourhood. The cathedral has suffered in the roots and windows. In the college, a chimney from the house of the Rev. Dr. Gray fell upon the house of his neigh bour, the Rev. D. Duren, mad made its way through the roof to the drays iug-room ; the houses of the Rev. Philpotts, and of the 'late Rev. Dr. Zmcli, are also damaged. The houses of the Rev. E. Davison, in Church-street, and of Mr. G:.rth, in Silver -street, are in a great degree unroofed, and the streets - in all parts of the town arc strewed with tiles and bricks." Just as the family of Mr. SHARP. HUTCHINSON, of Ramsgate, were about to retire to rest on agturday night last, they were alarmed by a strong smell of fire Coming from the lower part of the hour, when it was ascertained that some linen left in the kitchen to dry, 'had caught fire, which was fast communicating with the wood work, but being happily discovered thus early, it was got under without doing any vast deal of mischief. The farm bailiff of W. CORM Esq. of Ilton Court, near Chepstow, is committed to prison on suspicicii of vetting fire to two beading's, which contained threshing machines belonging to his master, in October last. Ia one of these buildings J. Jones. a poor labourer, who slept.there, unhappily perished in the colitigration.. A labourer in Woolwich Dock yard, a few lays• ago, for a trifling wager of five shillings, actually de: voured a live rat, skin, bones, and all. Upon this ferocious exploit being communicated to Iris employers he was deservedly discharged from his situation, as al disgrace to his fellow-labourers. • WATWWW, Dec. 23.—Thursday evening a party of armed strangers came with upwards of lOO cars to a farm adjoining Iluninahun, in this county, re named by a family of the name of Flinn, and, after killing two sheep, and feasting upon mutton, beer, and whiskey, they took away every thing portable that was on the farm, and marched off in triumph, firing shots, and accompanied by the Flings. They were seen in the course of thezight at Stradbally, and at Colghlowrish. We have been informed that their tation of discipline was carried to such a length, that the working pasty, who were themselves united, there was a special escort of about twenty men well armed, chiefly with blunderbusses. The Mule were originally from the parish . of Meileiligo, in the west of }kis county, from winch guar* this party Came • [besides 1.41 Y ,rnELLIGLA'CS.. eIIiRIFIN COURT, JANUARY S. • CRIM. CON. RUDALL V. VAVASOUR. • This was an action for criminal conversation with the plaintiff's wife ; the damages were laid at five thousand pounds. The defendant suffered judgment to go by default ; and the case was now brought be .fore the Under Sheriff upon a writ of inquiry to assess the plaintiff's damages. Mr. Serjeant BEST gated the case to the Jury.— They were.informed,he said, from thd pleadings, that this belonged to a class of cases which, unfortunately for the history of the present times, furnished too many instances of the like kind to render it necessary to give any further description. It belonged to a class of cases which he was afraid portended the de generacy of the morals of this country ; and the fatal consequences that are ever known to result from such **state of things. But it was for the Jury to arrest the progress of this most dreadful evil, by punishing the violation of the violator of the marriage rites in the severest way known to the laws of England. The Le-Srned Counsel stated the circumstances of the case, linnrihich statement, And froth the evidence which was called in support of it, the following facts were disclosed : The plaintiff, Mr. Rudall, was the son of a respec table attorney, now deceased, and the defendant WAS a Captain in the Royal Engineers, now on service at Quebec. In the year 1806 the plaintiff, being a Lieu tenant in the North Devonshire Militia, was clear tered at Liverpool with his regiment, where he be came acquainted with the falsity of Sir James Dun bar, Bart. who resided in that town. An intimacy took place between the plaintiff and one of the Baro net's daughters, a young Lady, then aged sixteen. of extreme beauty and rare accomplishments. The happiness of the enamoured couple was accomplished by a trip to Gretna Green, where they were married. It was a match purely of love, for the young Lady was without fortune, and the plaintiff's whole family provision consisted of two thousand pounds, which he had received from his father, which, added to his pay as a Subaltern in the M ilitia , were the oniy means he bad of subsistence. Finding Ahese fonds wholly inadequate to afford the comforts ot married life in the stile suitable to the views and wishes ct the parties, the plaintiff, after living with his wi:e as long as he could maintain her, wrote to her father, re questing he would afford his wife an asylum in his house until his condition and means should be more prosperous. Sir James Dunbar accordingly received hi; deughter back again, and she continued to reside in his family down .to the moment of her elopement with the defendant. In the me intime the plaintiff, having given up his military pursuits. reserted to his skill iii music, and became a teacher t.f that science as a source of livelihood, and from time to time contri buted to his wile's maintenance such means *as his scanty earnings could Pliord. Doling their couti nuance together a daughter was the fruit of their marriage. In the year 1812 the defendant, reterning man Spain, where he lead been serving with Capt.iiti rhomee Dunbar, the brother-is-law, was introduceJ to Ile lagni:y of L oily Dunbar (Sir James having in the meatninie died) and there became ac creinted with Mrs. the frailty of whose con duct Iv - as very v.son ailervrards disclosed in her seduce titan by the defendant, with whoes she eloped to Ca. nadi, oeiei f.is being ordcre i to j is tf.e etrvice Qin brc. The 'above being the outline of the case, the Lear ned Serjeant eiropesed to produce two letters written bbl Mrs. Rudall to her husband. so late as the Month of July, 1812, in order to slum the terms of affection which subsisted between her and her husbaud•; and that she at that time seemed to entertain the tenderest regard for him ; but Mr. Esteeasse, as Counsel for the defendant, sub mitted to the Sheriff that these letters could nut be received as evidence for the Lady's husband. Mr. Serjeant BEST contended, upon the authority of the case of Edwards v. Crock, a Esp. 39, that these letters were admissible evidence (not to prove any fact) but. to prove the terms on which the hus band and wife had lived befote the adultery. In that case Lord Kenyon held, that w. , feie the hushend and wile necessarily, front their situ:l6ol,s in life, live se parate, and the wife commits adultery, letters written . by her during their separation, but before any suspi cion of misconduct in the wife, is admissible evidence to :hew that the husband and wile lived in a state of connubial affection previous to the adultery ; but the time when the letters were written must be hewn. Mr. Esetaassz said that this doctrine had been since over-ruled, and it had been held that letters of ' this description could not be read. lie referred to the case of Wyndharn, Esq. v. Lord Wycombe, page 16 of the same book, to show that a man who lives in a state of separation from his wife, cannot bring an action for criminal conversation with his wife. But!, in that case it was only held that—" if a married man neglects-the society of his wife, and openly lives with other women, in the apparent practice ot adul. wry, he can bring no action against another for cri- Mined conversation with his wile" Mr. Serjeant Besr said, that this sort of evidence was admitted by the Under Sheriff, in the case of Lord Elgin v. Fergusson. Mr. Buttciteee, the Under Sheriff; said he did not recollect ibis circumstance in the case alluded to; and conceiving the objection taken by Mr. Espinasse in superable, he ruled in favour of it. He thought, however, that ate plaintiff and his wife must be pre sumed to live in a state of harmony down to the elopement, until the contrary was shewn. Mre -Serjeant BEST said, he should feel himself bound to have this rule of evidence settled by a Court of Law, and intimated his intention of moving the Court upon this point, if he was dissatisfied with the verdict. The plaintiff's Counsel then rested their case upon a letter written by the defendant after be had eloped 'with Mrs. Rudall, to Captain Thomas Dunbar, her brother, which was to the effect following : Sm—From your sister's letter, Lady Dunbar has been led to expect some further communication which will account fur her sudden disappearance. This task devolves upon rue. I wish it was in my pbwer to convey more grateful intelligence, or that our anion could have taken place under more favuurab:e dreum stances. But I feel It a duty which I owe us your family to in form you that your sister is living With me in the character of my wife. 'ibis letter is intended to relieve you all from the painful state ot suspense witch you must have hitherto experi enced. Ido nut attempt to defend my conduct. I have acted seder the Influence of ea attschmoks which I found it totally Mt- i .pcistVe to 9 1 baulf; hot W 1 46, Mirnrturat e ly, was t" • reternel My motives are hot ilep•aired. Tb e L. ..„ . ropeoes the warm affection of My hear:, I an t In heik.7,l7„ come my wife. You may be autirell she has ffactsi a ."' power of a Man who will devote hi s w h ole lire t.) 1.,, / , i : ' and who will always treat h..r with the higlies; decree eoft4 /less and affection. I i'o most truly r.pret that the rid-.,my feeling, an I the rcifia:ity of yo ur lister% s NEI% * air forced me to act thu, teriardi yo u r f.ty.-1 ant, „•,,,,... I'. S. Letters addre.s.eil t.i your sist er . tirdet roe •r : 0 ,,,, , at my law sigetat% Tvlrsiri. Alltidge and Cclly liini:li, Le: lun, will hi! forwarded. ' • The plaintiff's case mated mainly upriii this 1,- r Mr. Henry William I\farryat, A cle f t ; in Ole ii':. of Cox and Greenwood, the A rm y Agents, wesca:7 to prove that the defendant WAS in afll. j . nt c i rcu stances, but his evidence went n o lattlicr thar s n l o iew mo t r h e at a l l i a i n s p ic aLa i s per a Captain on for e i gn serrict annum The case for the plaintiff being here closed, Mr. EsPINASE addressed the Jury in mitigaih: damages, and sn'smitted to them, that this case, sented none of those features of aggravation ii . h i too often Lvionged to other c.4s”s 01 A $ lllll l4 nit', There was no violation of liiendsltip, for it d u: appear that the defendant had the s;itip est i c. , ledge of the plaintiff; neither was there any l4 : ruption of conjugal felicity—for, from Cie ,viae%. appeared, that the plaintiff had no: lived s, : : wife for four years and a half. With resps t t „ maim, the Jury would cert.trly AVVI :% such a pensation to the plaintiff as their calm and di. sionate judgments would soggt s , ; hut in -.tab ; the amount, they would lorlk at the ineoe n ,. o o . , fendar.t, which . n.tr.l been stated io evid..nee. Ti would also call to their recolle.:,.ion that be defee4 was but a young man, and that at the t•mi h. tt . mitted the offence imputed to him, he 1 ad but 'j returned from a ten years service ahroad, Cie re , had but little opportunity of enjoying the if:Klett women, whose beauty or whose talents could he t , pared with the Lady towards w.:-ins he had for; so improper, but, he trusted, in some mea,ure, cusable attachment. Mr. BIRCHALL, in snmming 117 the ca se , a b ser that riere was no rroof whatever cif any thing an intetruption of tiie conjugal fi,iicity et the tiff and his wife. If poverty had u,il!appily rented them from er.jo! ing each other's :oextr,n;, not therefore foll3w that the plaintiff', led w.IIIOI iiivAded by the seducer. It had been sai , .; that 04 was no breach cfliiendship in this case, h,tt irsh i be recollected that there had beet, a bread:Gil nour—and honour, he appreheedcd, should not less dear to a soldier than the caili of 4 riend , hip. was for the Jiiry, however, tinder all the tics stances, to apportion the damageg. Jury, after a short • deliberation, ASSCUti damages at Three Thousand Pounds. A few days since, a yonng wr.man, of in!ete4 appearance,. who stated her n tare t be Maria Salt sent to the residence of Mr:. Ltie‘k, il Watiit gotta who was in want of a servant, a:,ci ffy means oil commendation, pretending to he nritten by 4 144 Camberwell, known to Mrs. B!cv, obtain?Ll thew atinn. On Monday last, in the foreno“n, she w to en:lertske the duties of her plAce, and titt4ughi the day conducted herself much to the sati,htnier, the family. Previous. however, to her nostien i tiring to bed, she requested permission to sit 4 short time, to wash some wearing apparel, which :hors interval her,vren -t.er last and pr:wof sit prevented her tram doing. This was alvrtrd without suspicion being excited; brit nit thelt6—,l morning, to the utter ast,snishment cf h. fa, their new :errant %v.'s no where Cu be 1. 01,1. 11 street-door was merely upon the swing, and. Di further examination, it was diaenvered that 4hl, city of plate, a valtrahle time-piece, some lime, >.'4 r4l articles of wearing-apparel, and varitlis .1;, things, were stolen front the place. An accoiti-1 no. doubt, was in w ittitg to asst the property. Information has !),.en giyen u! can stance, and e cry exertion is making to ciN, the retreat of this female imposter. A reward of Fifty Glitm?as is !F: red by'!' CoorEit and C.J. Surgeons, of CharliAte-liouse, friars-road, for the discovery of th:. Author of a ter sent to the Medical Board. IVe have wenn; language is that of a (oJi:e7, ;Ind hears the Wrl* Pott-inark, dated ja:se 2:i —a more scurflous vet:tire instrument we have never witnesseJ, anJ ha for the honour of the profession, it will not rover effusion of a Medical man—if sn, it roust xi from a grovelling jealousy at seeing a Socieir independent Gentlemen, of the first respectsbil appropriating a large portion of their time in re viating the distresses of individuals, who may' consulted men ignoiant of the profession; we a loss to conceive the cause for 101 a libel. Perb! some of t:ie author's patients 11::ee experiracril from the Medical Laird. We are author ised•to that Dr. Coornir and Co. are corsulted by ranks of people every morning until nine o'clock,) from twelve till eight precisely. L IR 1 Pis. At Teddriley Payk,Stlfford,4ire, the I.aly of L 1. Llttlf Esq. M.P. uf a beon and he'r. Sunday, the Lady of the ker. Dr. Bond, of Hartwell PA I of a 6011. a 1 tt kat:. D. MnntlaT. at M ar y -11 Bootie Church , the Re v . /nha Kir Mayfield; :4UMeI, to Louisa, third daughter of fhonuattui Esq. of Portland-place. Friday, at rt. James's Church. Jame: Flower, Esq. arty Sir (lath.; Flower, Bart. to Mary Jane, ekli:st daughter Walter Stirli;lg, Bare. 23 , at tEI Overs Church, Henry Pratt. Eiq C 3 l , ' the Stith Foot. to :-arah, 6econd daughter of Richard Rua late of Gawsworth, coun:y of Cork. At Gosport, on the 31st ulr, in the 24th year of her cerely regretted by ail who knew her, after a painful snil.o o winch sl.e bore with tnly Christian formate, AV wife to James Boyd, Esq. Paymaster Second Battalion FAO giment of Infantry. Dec. 29, at Renolesham Rectory, Suffolk, the pee , Dr. HA Rector of that Parish, and lattly Priticikal of the Latt.h College. At York. on the 13th uk. the infant son of Captain Alexander Craig, of the 44th rLgiment. Dec. 24, at her house in Westmoreland Buildings, 111 Murky, silversmith, aged 71. COAL MARKET, JANUARY 3. Ships at Market. Ship Sold. Price. Be Newcastle 93} 4!S. Od. to 501 4 s 93 Sonarland 14 40.' (id to Os °I HIGH WATER TO-NIORROW AT LoNUON Morning . VT 'mil: es • alter S Aftertloon .• 45 nisnuies S LONDON: Prisred 11 Laves. KIN r, i':ck‘st Mx; published there; and at the Sur Office, Teuidle JIM I` ~~1 41:IS Caks!o 'Alla' J TLS• it% I FS, t Z:i iVin,. cAN 111 1 N 1W I , r Du fru, M eta fr • 4, 111-al IT -1)oe to +n 1 r. P.• ester The P. um J .v WY :oiti rro, A:4w 'ear, rct4 I WI 'i'l Ira , nuti It/ n A •1 Y