The Press. — London, England, 1856-08-16 00:00:00

AUGUST 16, 1856. Sortign tiortesponbtntt. BRUSSELS, August 14. Tot Feuille Hebdo Madaire Prussienne, the journal of the Berlin Opposition, has published a long article in congratulation of the approaching alliance be twixt the Hohenzollern and Hanover dynasties. Therein is a brilliant eulogy of the Princess Royal of England, and the most sterling praise is given to her royal parents for the careful education she has received under their personal superintendence. However violent may be the language of the Oppo sition press in Prussia, in criticism of Ministerial acts, no occasion is neglected to give proofs of con stitutional loyalty towards the Government and the Royal Family. Whilst a vulgar democracy would destroy, constitutionalism upholds and preserves the Throne. The Mazzinian journal—L'ltalia e Popolo—ac cuseg the Sardinian Government of having fomented the Massa and Carrara insurrection, and of having afterwards betrayed the Parmignola conspirators to the Austrian general. Mazzini himself was the prime mover. He was in the immediate neighbour hood—wrote the proclamation, held meetings, and directed the movements. At Turin, he addressed a republican committee of thirty persons, but he failed o raise the slightest enthusiasm, and was defeated on all his propositions for Italian and republican independence. He was answered to the point in favour of constitutional monarchy, with a confedera tion of Italian kingdoms under European guarantee. The Duke of Modena was disposed to ask for Austrian interference, and was only prevented from taking thin unwise step by the advice, peremptorily expressed, of the Nlicisters of England and France. A subscription has been set on foot at Turin, for the purchase of a hundred pieces of ordnance, as a present to the Government, in aid of the fortifications of Alexandria. The Austrian press describes this as an " aete provocateur," and the Government is said to have addressed a remonstrance to France on the attitude assumed by Piedmont. In the meantime Austrian troops are poured into the Lombard terri tones, and large detachments are sent to Piacenza, without any notice being given to the local Govern ment. The Duchess Regent was on her way from Parma to Piacenza, when she was informed that an imposing military force had the same morning marched into the town, without the knowledge or permission of the authorities. Upon hearing this she turned back, and afterwards sent intelligence of the fact to the Ministers of England and France. A Mazzinian conspiracy, thoroughly organised, for a system of political assassinations, has been brought to light at Florence. The Florentine committee was in communication with Mazzini, who was at Genoa; and the Tuscan police was enabled, by the revelations of some of the political assassins, to arrest several of the gang on the frontiers. Three cf the leaders, with important papers and itrAtruc twos, were taken at Leghorn. The matter is kept secret, and it is generally said that traces of Aus trian connivtnce are evident. Certain it is that the lieutenant of police had a sharp lecture administered to him for not having concealed or burnt the docu ments, rather than have placed them on record. The example of Bologna has been followed at Ra venna. Counts Gambit, Fusconi, and Rasponi, called a meeting of the Municipal Council, and pro posed a resolution that an address should be drawn up and forwarded to his Holiness the Pope, petition• ing for the removal of the French and Austrian troops from Rome and the Legations. The motion was strongly opposed by the " Gonfaloniere" and the Government party, but it was ultimately carried by a large majority. The next step will be the refusal to pay taxes, and, if this resolution becomes general, Cardinal Antonelli will find himself in a serious dilemma. An engagement that lasted several hours took place between the " sbirri " and a gang of ban dits at Castelguelfo. Several lives were lost before the bandits were dispersed. These gangs perambu late tLe country, levying fines from the farmers pre vious to the rent day, and robbing the offices of the local customs. In Naples there has been a kind of popular mani festation against the Liberals on the nights of the 25th and 26th of July. The crowds on the Mercato Nuovo began to cry "Death to the Liberals! No constitution ! Viva it Re Assoluto ! " But the Minister Bianchini bad the Via di Toledo quickly occupied by troops, and these dispersed the mob without much trouble. The political prosecutions are not carried on with the usual activity and precipitation. M. Grimaldi, the president of the criminal court, is a man of probity and impartiality, and refuses to convict without proper evidence of guilt. Baron Poerio has had a severe relapse in the dungeons of Montesarchio, and his life is said to be in the utmost danger. C. A. H. THE PRESS; foreign anb Colonial )I,nttlligente. FRANCE. The Emperor returned to St. Cloud on Saturday night. The Emperor and Empress leave for Biarritz on the 18th. M. Rowland has been appointed Minister of Public Instruction, in the room of the late M. Fortoul. In the absence of any political news of moment a circular of the Bishop of Arras, proposing to excom municate the directors of all mixed schools in which not only Roman Catholic but Protestant children are educated, has excited considerable sensation. The Siicie characterises this doctrine " as suitable to the revocation of the edict of Nantes." An attack in an anonymous pamphlet upon the Univers promises much scandal to Paris. That at tack has taken the form of a pamphlet, called " L'Univers Juge par Lui-meme." It consists of quotations from the Univers, taken at different periods, and placed by the side of each other. The comparison is edifying, so far as to raise the indig nation of the Univers at the exposure, that it has expressed its intention of bringing an action for libel against the publisher. The pamphlet is anony mous ; but it is variously ascribed to Cardinal Wise man and M. de Montalembert. The trial is looked forward to with much interest, as an agreeable ex position of the tactics of the Ultramontane party must then take place. The Constitutionnel of Wednesday contains an article in defence of Naples, but admitting that the King must hasten to efface the bad impression pro duced by his notes on the Courts of France and England, and concludes by expressing no doubt that "he will be the first to facilitate by his words, as well as by his deeds, the renewal of friendly and confidential relations which formerly existed between the Governments of France, England, and Naples." Marshal Pelissier, by imperial decree, is created Duke of Malakoff. A law will be presented to the Legislative Assembly for a grant of 100,000 f. to accompany the title. The fete of the Emperor, celebrated yesterday, was marked by acts of State clemency. His Ma jesty has granted a full pardon to 240 civil prisoners, and commuted the punishments of 233, while a simi lar clemency is extended to 584 military prisoners. The appointment of General Serrano, as Spanish Ambassador at Paris, is not regarded favourably by the De bats. " He may be an illustrious general," says that paper, " one of the most eminent in Spain, but he is nothing of a politician, and less of a diplo• matist." The Constitutionnel, in an able article this week, exposes the lolly of elevating the question of the Isle of Serpents into importance, and shows that it does not make much matter to whom the island belongs. The Silck protests against this indifference, and insists that the free navigation of the Danube depends entirely upon the Power occupying the island. AUSTRIA. The Emperor returned from his visit to Ischl on the 20th. The project of a new loan was expected to be put forth shortly by the Government. 'I he visit of the Emperor and Empress to Lom bardy is fixed for the end of the present month. PRUSSIA AND GERMANY. The Empress Dowager of Russia, accompanied by Prince Frederick William of Prussia, left Berlin on Tuesday for St. Petersburg. The Russian Danubian Commissioner, Bassily, passed through Berlin to Vienna last week. The three days' subscription for shares in the Bank of Northern Germany closed on Wednesday evening. The number of shares applied for was 3,183,492, which would give a sum of 1,591,746,000 marks banco. RUSSIA. Intelligence from St. Petersburg up to the 11th states that " an Imperial ukase has ordained certain measures for the facilitation of the import of foreign goods," but no particulars are at present mentioned. Another telegraphic despatch from St. Petersburg, of the 9th instant, contains the late diplomatic ap pointments, including that of General Count his selef ai ambassador to Paris. Earl Granville, Count de Morny, and Prince Ester. hazy have arrived safely at S. Petersburg. Count Mornv was received by the Emperor on the 7th at Peterhoff. The total evacuation of the Crimea by the allies has been officially announced. The commission appointed to examine the books and accounts of the commissariat of the Crimean army during the war has made its report. The ex pense of the defence of Sebastopol is estimated at 1,000 million silver roubles, of which 90 millions have been embezzled by officials. The cholera still lingers at St. Petersburg. The Emperor reviewed the Baltic fleet oftCronstadt on the 4th. Great activity existed in all the naval 773 establishments. The entire fleet was to be fitted with screws, and a large flotilla of powerful gun and mortar boats created. SPAIN. The Government, it is reported, have determined upon not publishing a programme of policy. Marshal Espartero bas retired to Logrouo. The Gazette of the 13th publishes decrees naming General Serrano, Spanish Minister at Paris ; M. Pacheco (now at Rome), Minister of Spain in London; and M. Souza, at Turin. _ _ M. Corradi, Spanish Minister in Portugal, bas resigned, and M. Target, French Ambassador, has requested and obtained leave of absence from Madrid. M. de M. Ls Rosa, it is anticipated, will be ap pointed to Rome. The general disarment of the National Guard was being carried out with success. The Marquis Orense, chief of the Democratic section in the Cartes, has published an explanation o n the political principles of his party : My present opinion is that the partial movements ex cited in so many different quarters are the work of our ancient oppressors, and are designed to produce a pani• among capitalists and the wealthier classes--a stale plagi arism of the French farce acted out from '4B to '52. It is clear enough that disorder and not triumph is the object in view. And this is the solution of the enigma. Now we democrats are not a secret society, or a school of levellers. We want a simple cheap government, a government carried on at half the expense it costs us now. Far from wishing. like the communists, that all property should pass into the hands of the State, we would even have the mines and wastes converted into individual pro perty, a true source of national wealth. Far from wishing, like the socialists, that the State shotild be all in all, constituting itself the universal manufacturer and the universal cultivator, we contend on the contrary that it ought to leave every department of productive industry to the energy and enterprise of in dividuals, whether isolated, or combined in free associa tions. In our opinion Government ought only to concern itself with those collective interests, which, as they pro duce no surplus of profit, would in consequence he ne glected if left to the exertions of individuals. Of this kind are, the army, the navy, and the police ; the law tribunals and central offices of administration ; the diplo matic service, and the management of the Customs; the Post-office, the Mint, and the standard of weights and measures. For the maintenance of all these branches of the public service 0130 millions or rests is amply sufficient. The Marquis then enters into a detail of the system, and concludes : In a word, there would be liberty in all and fir all, and as a consequence a rapid increase of wealth, the imme• (Hate and inevitable result of freedom. Let us never be weary of repeating it: our desire is not to impoverish the rich, but to enrich as far as possible the poor. Never—come what come may, will we unite ourselves to those who were our oppressors and destroyers from 1844 to 18.54. They know this well : and that is why they are incessantly attacking us. According to their own account it is they who are the victims ; they cannot appre ciate our generous patience. But let them beware. If this patience should be at length borne out, they may yet see us assume the attitude which, in dealing with enemies like these, we ought to have assumed in 1.8*4. I implore the democratic portion of the press to give all the publicity in its power to this communication. I thank it for the energy and talent with which it has defended the sacred cause of reform, for it is by this word that we ought to designate the revolution accomplished by organised powers, reserving the word revolution for those reforms which the people accomplishes in the hour of its triumph. In Spain, unfortunately, we have had nothing but pronun• ciansentos, and that is the reason of the well-grounded mis trust which the masses feel for the politicians. The Esparterista, published at Saragossa, has changed its title to that of the Avisador, and gives the following explanation of its change : Espartero, during several years, contended on the liberal side. Espartero, when he was in exile, as well as when at the height of power, always held up the standard of the Progressistas, on behalf of their great work of social regeneration. He showed himself always as a great man, a liberal, and one devoted to his party. But now, when the people, invoking the name of the Duke of Vic•ory, have, upon the occasion of his Ministerial over throw, rushed to the combat in the streets of Madrid, of B ircelona, of Saragossa, and a thousand places beside, this man has remained, apparently, at least, quite apathetic, and not one word has reached us from him cal culated either to suspend the struggle or to determine its triumph. To the clamours of the populace, to the thunder of the artillery, and to the groans of the victims, this man has, at this most critical moment, returned no answer but a silence which was only too significant. That is the reason why, unless the time should come when circumstances may be adduced to explain and justify every particular of the conduct of this man, we must cease to regard him as the representative of our party, and efface from our journal a name which we can henceforth nowise accept ITALY. An article in the Correspondence Itaiienne of the 6th, bearing the stamp of Ministerial authority, upon the question of sequestrated properties in Lombardy of Sardinian subjects, is significant of the probable course of action of the Sardinian Government in its