Star. — London, England, 1816-07-27 00:00:00

" " r DISTRESSES 'lf tio MOT MANUFACTURERS of STAFFORDSHIRE. We have been favoured with the perusal of two . letters, one from the ariehbourhood of Allston, and the other from that of B rmingham, addressed to a respectable iron merchant in London, en the subject; of the distresses under which the people employed in the ironovorkt and collieries of those districts now labour. The &hoeing extracts from these most: affecting compositions exhibit a• picture of misery we . really believe imptecedented in this country, and of which very few of our Rados could have bad soy conception': • " Ceiselet, near filston, Staffordshire, lely 46 . When 'some of our principal iron-works first failed, the whole extent r f the consequent distress • wet not immediately apparent. The po"r manufac . - turers had many of them made a little money: this, with the greatest frugality did not last long: when eepended, they ran in debt wherever they could gain credit ; and when they cnuld riot be trusted any longer, they pawned or sold their furniture, article after article, till they had nine to sell. When their goods were gone, they were obliged to have recourse to-their parishes and to begging. " The perishes were overwhelmed by the numbers applying for their aid, and could afford but little comparative support. The community in general .. (for commercial districts are usually generous) made great efforts to relieve their necessities. For ray own part, I determined that I would tare hinder, and that my children and Lou.ehold should do se like wise, in order to admiuister to their wants; and it • was my desire that no:ue worthy of relief should go away from my house unrelieead. It is true the suc cour was but small; they asked for nothing but a piece of bread, and bread for some time great num bens of them received : but I soon fie - Ind that my very limited income, arising chieay front uncertain sources, would not even furnish this scanty supply; and 1 was reduced to the necessity—to me a most painful one—of confining my charity within much smaller boundaries. Companies of five, or eight, or twelve poor manufacturers, able and willing to work, have been many times in the course of a day at-my door, soliciting bread, and what has often cut me to the heart, necessarily soliciting in vain. Multitudes went through the country, offering to work at eon thins merely for a little food, not even expecting wages, and thus gained a little temporary employment and subsistence ; hut still their u ives and children were at home in the greatest possible distress. " Within a small distance of my house is a large ironwork; the machinery extends for nearly half a mile ;it was a noble manufactor y. I passed by it one morning after its operations .were suspended, and was exceedingly aitxted with the sight s a little be. fore, it was all animetion and industry, affording the honourable means of livelihood to many thousands of my fellow-creatures : the 'Vow that now pervaded it spokie inure eloquently and impressively to my heart than any langnage could possibly do—it was the silence of unm:ngled desolation. I visited a row of houses occupied by the workmen : the doors were used to be open, inviting the eye of the stranger to glance as he M sot along at their neatness, cleanliness, , and felicity ; groupes of healthful children were accustomed to appear About the cottages, full of merriment •rii joy, and tae inhabiotnts„ outing and healthy, saluted you as you ie ent by. But the scene was 1.1111C11:4bly C11:1111g?e. : it produced a mein iclioly on my spirits that I did not lose fir a .Coiesieerabie period : the cottages were closed—the inhabitants could not bear to have it knows that they were stlippee of their little ornaments—no chili rto played around the d :ors—the very plants trained up in their windows had pined and died—one man only ap peared. emaciated and ghastly, a living spectre, as it • the peaceful sepulchre had sent forth its inhabitants to hilt with terror the abodes of the living. 46 When I have told these poor creatures that the parish must filet them food Or- labour, they have re plied, • Sir, they cannot do either e and some who have fared the best %then our meeufectories were fleurishing around us, have said. I We would rather die, Sir, than he dependent on the parish.' " It is an uneswerable proof of the excellent dispo sition of these poor manufacturers, that although there are many thousands of them in the most dis uessed condition imaginable, there is very little de predation in she country. 64 If it will aid you in your benevolent designs, I will go through any part of our neighbourhood, from house to house and give you a particular statement of the circumstances of each family : the labour will be to me a delightful remuneration ; doing good I have long fount to be its own reward. I would devote any portien of my time to procure you informatiun. 46 Some, I believe, have really died of starvation; and in many cases, if not the immediate, it wasthe pri mary cause. An insufficiency of wholesome nourish menteehere they had been accustomed to great abun dance, produced dis'ases which terminated in disso lution. Even charity, Sir, has left some of our dis. triets. She has given all she bad to give : the stream of her benevolence is dried up, and nothing remains but the grateful recollection of the channel through which it fl rwed, or emotions of despair lest it should never again be replenished. .. 44 I could send,yotunany individual case; that come under my own personal knowledge. Not far from my house, a respectable individual, possessed of ex. erosive infoimation in the iron trade, who had been a confidential foreman in a large concern, and lived in much credit, has been for some time, with a wife nod eisk children, destitute of sufficiency• of bread. families, distinguished for their sobriety No d industry, ry, with five, six, seven, or eight children, are in the same - disastrous circumstances : I have my self repeatedly saved a man, his wife, and six siren, from absolute starvation, who were reduced to eat the cabbageotelks, and the refuse of their little cottage garden aetheunly food they could obtain. ,* Had 1 the pleasure, Sir, of being present at the meeting of your honourable Society, I think I could plead the cause of these poor manufacturers nIl my strength would fail me, and 1 could plead no longer : their great distresses have taken deep hold of my bean. Shall she injured African readily laud a mule evade of the most able and eloquent of our nation to . defend his cause, and to secure his rights ; and shall these be none to commiserate our perishing Pim whose ingenuity and industry bare spread of. Britaiu thioughout the whole habitable ripe globe ? S:iall no friendly bane be extended to away ask tears, and 49 prevent them from sipkusg for ever under the inioppurtable pressure of 'amt• mutated waifs t Forbid at honour, decency, frusta! nity,, religion !" .• The other letter with *hie!) we have been favoured is d4ted— Tibfilngton•house, nearillrmingh - tm, July 21 " I have not lost a moment in distributing youk donation of £5 amongst some of the mist distressingl cases in my neighbourhood; and although the amount to each family was small, after dividiqg it otnongst•npwards of thirty, yet it was so tirCly ac• eeptable that streams of gratitude flowed froot tae eyes of those who partook of it. Words cannot pic cure the distress that prevails in this neighbourhood ; and what is still worse, it is likely to increase rapidly. Many of. ti.e iron-works, iron-stone-works, sod col lieries that have been hitherto kept at work, are on the eve ol being stopped. Indeed hundreds of men have had notice within the list fortnight to seek fresh employment ; and there are already some thousands who have • been nut of work many months,. Evils; upon charity and the household furniture which then . late prosperity enabled them to provide., • But in numberless instances these comforts have gradually been disposed of to prevent starvation. i‘ The liberal -awl humane persons, who have hitherto been a great support to such wretche..l ob jects, find the case. so numerous, that their funds of charity arc thereby completely exhausted ; avd the .only resort the poor creatures have left is to go to the fields, and from thence procure the best fond they 'can for themselves and children. The taste of bread is almost forgotten to many of them. I hope you will excuse my going into any further detail on the subject of such distress; for 1 assure you, the suffer ing my mind to retrace what I have before wit nessed, without the ablity to relieve, is too much for my ferlines " • FRENCH PAPERS. PARIS, WIN 23. By an Ordinance of the King the delay fixed by the 39th Article of the Law on Custom' of the 28th April last, and which exlkired on the Ist instant, to make a declaration of cloths prohibited by the smd article, as being of foreign manufacture, is reraewe.l, :end enlarged to the Ist of September. Letters from Philadelphia state, that the ex-Gene ral of Artillery, Lallemant, and a man named Dirac, one of the Editors of the Nabs Jaaae, have strived in that City. They also announce, that the notorious &Band de Varennes, a Member of the Convention, banished shortly after the fall of Robespierre, and *boat Most people considered as dead, mitred from Cayenne at New Yu* k on the 15th May last. We are assured that Bernard (of Saintes) the Ex- Conventionalist, has been wrecked oo the coast of MadeirJ, with 26 persons. Last morning Midame Mouton Duvernet, accom panied by her daughter, threw herself at the feet of the King, to implore pardon for ker husband. His Majesty anawerci, that he participated in her sorrow, but that justice must take its course. A Paper of this day menions that General Mouton Duvernet has been condemned to death i but we do nut consider this intelligence certain, at feast no of tici4l account Of the result has - yet been received., l'hi•re is more mison to suppose that the request ni his wife had for is object to stop the judicial proceed• ing against him if possible. cooattries, the glory o TRIESTE, JULY R. Since the re-establishment of peace in Europe, thel Emperor Alexander has not ceased to manifest to the Sublime Porte his desire of seeing the-freedom of the Itllian Seas secured, and the termination of the in sults of the Barbary% States. Lively affected by the late misfortunes that have befallen some Christians, his Majesty has had it notified to the Divan, that re garding the influence of his arms necessary in the cause of humanity, he would unite with the other Powers against the pirates. We are amused that the Grand Seignior has ad. Tressed some new firmauni to the ttiree'Regencies. in favour of the carom , rce of the natives allied with Russia, ordering them to protect it, and to repress the pirates, and to prevent them from violating those treaties of which the Sublime Porte k guarantee to. wards the lnlserial Courts of Russia and Austria. The firmaun of the Grand Seignior to the Dry of Algiers, respecting the commerce of Austria, has, been published, the . following is a - copy : the same has been sent to Tanis and Tripoli. " In the Treaties existing between the Sublime Porte and the Imperial Court of Austria, it is ex pressly stipulated, not only that the navigation of all merchant ships, Austrian, and belonging to the sub jects of his Majesty the Emperor of Austria, which are protected by flags and letters patent, shall be pi-Armed against every injury, but als r in the said stipulation the Sublime Porte guarantees their secu rity against every hostile attack on the part of Ole Barbary Powers, as well as of all other Corsairs which are subject to it. so In consequence the faithful and constant accom plishment of existing Treaties carries with it the fie cessity, that the navigation of Austrian merchant ships do not experience the least prejudice on the part of the three Cantons and of enjoining you--your Commandant and Hey of Algiers, the , formal and reiterated order of the Grand Seignior, that in all cases wherein Austrian ships shall- in open sea meet the Corsairs of your Canton, no injury Shall be in: flitted On them; their Commanders, sailors, passen gers, crew, ship, or cargo ; and that in cfatformity with the usual &ensue with which-the Captains will be provided, they be not only protected, but even that your Canton must exert itself to favour their navigation ; and in case of contrary winds, or com mercial affairs should compel the Captains to enter or abide in the harbours of your Canton, they shall enjoy, in consequence of the good intelligence and good friendship subsisting between the two Powers, they, their sailors and passengers, the most especial prosect ion. " The exprest intention of the Grand Seignior it to support and strengthen the good harmony that subsirte betwen the two Imperiat`triendly and neigh. 'bowing Courts; and as soon as it shall reach your knowledge, you will not delay in fulfilling it with all convenience-4n executing this order of the Qrand Seignior—in avoiding or preventing every thing that may-tand to the colltrary.". • ~. • _ . - • • CONDUIT OF T . li E PORTUGUESE. .—., . • • The Portuguese of late have not treated the Bil• tish with that iespeet and friendship which they have deserved at their hands. The following case reached us yesterday :—The ship Philippa, Capt. NICHOLLS, bound to the East Indies, toadied at Fort Praya, at the Isle isk St. J ago, on the 18:11 of May, with A view of .obtaining a supply of water and refreshments.— Therfound lying in the harbour the ship Mulgrave Castle, C.iptain RALPH, put in there in distress, having struck on the rocks that run off the north east point ot 13 mavista ; and the Captain cf the Phi. lippa being solicited by her commander to take part id the Mulgrave Castle's cargo on board to the Cape. •he agreed to the proposition for a certain' sum, in or. der that the damaged ship might proceed to Rio Ja neiro for repairs. The Commander of the Philippa, in agreeing to the accommodation proposed, highly incensed splint him the f'prtuguese Governor Don ANTONIO DE CtiNUNTItCs DE LANCASTIII. Although the British paid him every respect due to his au thority, he persecuted them to the utmost of his power, and for no other reason than because the Philippa was likely to be the means of wresting out of his hands . a valuable British property which he had calculated on getting into his possession: —The Commander of the Philippa and Captain RALPH were treated by the Governor on their first landing with marked disrespect. They were imme diately summoned before him, and after being obli ged to hear the most violent language used in ex pressing leis detestation of the English nation in ge neral, he placed both the officers under arrest, and then ordered a survey of the Mulgrave Castle, with . the full intention of detaining her as incapable of pro secuting her voyage. The Governor beat to arms as soon as the surveying officer landed, fired two shots at the British ships, and it was with much difficulty he was prevailed on to alter his determination of sinking them by an officer under him. The two officers of the Philippa were next confined in a com mon gaol, without a hearing, and bad for a compa nien a criminal for murder ! The Philippa was put in possession of fifty soldiers, and Captain HAREM- Tifli s who was passenger in the Philippa, was forced on shore, who, with the Commander, from that period were' considered to be prisoners on parole. After this violence, the govein.ir, weighing, it was supposed, the consequtnee of his conduct, thought proper to be =We mo.ierate in his proceedings, and there was a probability of Lis permitting the vessels to proceed on their destinations about the latter end of May.— Meanwhiie the officers an passengers entered a Pro test against the violence of his proceedings, of which the following is a VW : " SlR—Having received your Excellency'd permission for the British ship Plulina and Mulgrave Castle to proceed on their voyage, we, whose mimes are andessaghed, feel It to be a duty that we owe to the Owners at those stop, and the valuable pro perty on board IA them. to tilts Underwriter• both on ships old property, and 10 she Govenumant whose subjects weary, to pro test, and we du hereby most solemnly protest against all the violent measures which your Excellency has thought proper to adopt towards ua dating our stay as l'rays, a port which was sought by the Conunaotler et that Mulgrave essde, wbeu that 'mesa was in tbstrem, cud when he na.urally expected to receive every degree ut ,rotect•uu, support, and awis.ante his s!WatiOn required. How far h s especial's.% have been itilfihed by the themsistoces &tams! In Captain Harrington. second fetter to your Lacellemy, under date May 26, or Ito, far the relation* 1 of peace and amity between two identity Powers have been pro. J served by your Excellency towards us generally, it is not our purpose here to inquire; but we stall draw up s full and correct statemefit of the %sky& of those violent measures which are the subject ist ibis l•in est ' and lay the same, as soon as possible, bt hoe his Lacellt•ii:y t he Right liostourable V ileount Sflatitori, the Brit ss Ambassador at the Court of Brazils ' to be by hip, submitted to the Ponce Regent of Portugal, an d to ;he briikb OuVernmeat. We h.we the honour to be, . (Slued by the Officers end Passenger.). " To his rseellenty Duo Antoolu s!e Cootintru de Laticustie.* THE EVENING STAR. • • LONDON. SATURDAY, JULY - 27, 1 8 16. PRICE OP r I'OCKI MIS DAY A r 1 WELVE O'CLOCK* Reduced 6s,{—Colts.4ll--fur &cc. 441 t. 4 pa Cent.l9i 80-5 pst Utast. vitt —Donde 7s. Ss. perm. Exchequer IMk., Se. 6s. prem. This morning we received one of the missing par cels, which should have reached us some days ago, from Jamaica, containing details relative to the war in SOUTH AMERICA. Before proceeding to give any extracts. we Must correct a mistake in the STAR of Wednesday. It WAS net at the end of April, but on the 39th of March, that Admiral BanviN sailed. He reached Los Festigns on the lit of May, and on the bole away to the Westward. The rest of the extract was correct, but instead of being an extract fiom two Bulletins, proves to have been an extract from the first Bulletin only. We now insert a copy of the BULLETIN, N. g, DATED MAY 8. H. " At day light [i. e. after destroying the Royal Naval force, seat to oppose their landing at Marge ;lna, as detailed in the Bulletin, No. I.] the aqua ' Ikon set sail, steering their course for the port of Juan Griego„ on the north side of the island of Mar garine, sad before it had arrived at an anchorage, a person came on bead the Admiral with dispatches for his Excellency thi Captain General ; iMUNdi *rely afterwards came on board his Excellency the General in Chief, Juan Baptista 1). Arismendi„ to anmpliment him as the Supreme Chief of Venezuela, which character had already been recognised by the army and inhabitants of that Island. This ,brave General and his Officers were received by the squa dron with every demonstration of enthusiaank which their brilliant deeds of honour have inspired them Iwith, arid which they had so repeatedly di sp l ayed i n the heroic revolution of that bland. The Spanish - di►ision, 'thick occupied the city o f Assumption, the capital of the Idand, which had been fortified so strongly by die streets, and on the heights, that it was Nedered almost hoyergoahle. as well as the Castle of Santa Ross, evacuated an the night of the Side with such Precipitaticuy that t left their arms, =dale Imes. Provisions. and To. Lucked to Painestor; apd oer ►aiiant trap o p the id occupied all these points 41chotit fiting a The felicity with which this campaign of the has been °peeled, gives us reason to Leli tve a at liberty cf all Venezuela is rapi.ily ap roach;nr„.ri that the enemy, overwliel•ned with tie V.C10,1,4 their crimes, committed in our territory, are aboot to be esterminated. ' •• The picture which t h e city n A rsunipt;a% presents is no other than that of a eVaCfig e 4 by a band of barbarians ; they hare not lilt r;oe sum. upon another, all has been deqrqyt.d Ly fire; aw l we are able to predict that the !,y veal of destructiois which the Spaniards hive attoptcd is about to /tale a war upon themselves t•:: ale than our arms. 66 On the 4th and 5 , ,h in;tarit, the :tecest:tly n j3 . sures wcre adopted to CO!)int , :t::-... tie t•AuCiitde Pampator, and with this c:! , 'lcr.t r.e squAron tn . !( l, sail on the evening of the instn!.t, And }ester-do morningpresented itself Lli)re the s:tid p ort . .p .t enemy is fortifying, but our operations .:re abut': U) place them in the alternative either to surrencicr perish. • 66 SANTIAGO MORINO, Maj.-Geti." We have received the Paris Papers of Tutu] Ay and Wednesday. Tho,e of Tuesday state, in % tradictory manner, that General MOUTON De vEßsve had been condemned to death at Lyons, but those of Wednesday confirm the Lim Our Countrym er , who were convicted of aiding LAVALETTE in Lis escape, have been liberated, the term of their im. prisonment having expired. The French Journalists congratulate their Readers on the improving state of the French revenues, and on the defalcations in those of England. We regret also to see that they take another opportunity of self. gratsilation from the number of English &milks wile have placed theit children in French Boardiag•schools. Those foolish parents will most unquestionably repent their anti•E:ritish spirit. They are sowing Tires, and cannot expect to reap Wheat. COVETER EXTRAVITDINARY OF WEDNESDAY STORMING. The Ly ceum of the City of Nantes has been shut up. Messrs. Wrlsnw, Bruce, and Hutchinson left the prison of la Force yesterday, the period of their im prisonment being expired. Sir Robert Wilson and Bruce Rill set Out for England in eight days: Mr. Hutchinson left Paris to join his regiment instant of his liberation. The Prevotal Court of Montpelier is now occupied in trying the individuals Who are accused of having taken part in the disturbances in that city on the (.:711t of June. .1515. PARIS, JULY PA. The Minister of the M trine has announced to the :.lerzhants, that tlie King's fl .et having sailed to take putsession ef B!..negal, they rn.ty no. load and di:: patch them yes:as for that 31ttiCalellte It is clear, that what: Engltnd experiences a de. 6cit in several branc!ies of her revenue, France Ws bt , n betterr4 by rlTtny of hers being increased. ' Ceneril Mouton aive7net was condemned to &As on the 9: 1 1, by the Council of War, 1.1.:0r., which Le was tried, at Lyons. lie his apro,,lrd. Immediate:l after the sentence his wife set out pust for Paris; show she arrived on Sunday morning, and immediately threw Lerselt at the King's feet, but withcut seal. Several foreigners of rani: have lately placed cbildren in the public schools of Paris. Many Eng lish, iti particular, are now to be found among the 'pupils of the Lyceums of Louis le Grand and Henry IV. • ROME, JCL? 4. A polacre, under au English flag;litts brought into this putt 48 Tuscans. re curd from slavery At 'l'u•.is. , A M•til from Hamhurgh arrived this moroin7. The German P.ipers which we have rt cvived by conta s m son►e interesting mu-Mlle:ice; the rtinoo4l heads of which we subjoin : COLOGNE, JULY 2. The account inserted in many papers, that our for tifications are to be rased, and their scite formed into gardens, though enirely unfounded, gives great ?ilea sure to the lovers of ease,- who (as Koerner says) on ice without any concern the coot:try t onod in filmes, isrveided the lightning does n.)t strike their little cpt• tags. Cologne is not indeed destined to b .come !minis, in the strict sense of the ward, but a place of arms, to which an artuy when beaten, or evs n pressed, may retire :tad quickly provide itself with all necessaries; and for this purpose its situation particu larly qualifies it. It covers the Rhine, and the little but itrong fortress of Jailers is a kind of outwork, which covers two great roads. The better disposed clearly see that the Duchy of the Rhine without a close chain of strong pliccs, hangs, as it were in the air, and they feel that it is necessary to be at all times ready lor war even wl.e:r there is no reason to fear it. They will also clochtlei.; willingly sacrifice a . trifling part of their own esse t‘Y the great claims of the country. The works are art: . plan, and the roused moan battet:e.: a French engineer at Wii• accawhvilmecr w fir g', y Rood dwsht used ic b b i as y far as we know, have not y: t been introdtseed any where except in these two places, promise in case of an attack, to be of extraordinary service. BULK JULY IS. It is sew sark that the Prince and Princess of Orange will wive et Caitlin on the 18th, in the, evening, and in this city on the !oth. Oa the 13th &fun Woke owl in the Great WI, at Spandau, which was lunar prevepted from eaten. ".-