The Press. — London, England, 1855-08-18 00:00:00

lortign gortesportbliut. FRANKFORT, August 14. Former de I'Europe centrale un corps diplomatique puissant, d'une consistence compute, et I'opposer l'Orient et it l'Occident, tel est aujourd'hui le beau rove de l'Au triche. Elle convie it l'Alleme.gne a donner I son orga nisation inferieure telle cohesion et cette unite pie poe cede dejit son organisation militaire. Les manifestations de l'Autriche ont un but facile I deviner, c'est de regagner en Allemagne lee sympathies que ces tendances occiden tales lui ont fait perare. Thus openly speaks out the Russian chronicle on the present position of Austria. The stricture is not complimentary, or in accordance with the declaration of Lord Palmerston of his juvenile confidence in Lorraine faith, but it is true and especially deserved. In reply to the message of Austria to the Diet, Rus sia, without the slightest mystification of diplomacy, simply and energetically dares her to the trial of re gaining her lost influence, and insinuates with sly insult that it has passed away from her to Muscovite possession. It is a notorious fact that the dukes and margraves, fearing either another revolution or French interference, have yielded themselves up to Russia. But the Germans themselves, the nobles, merchants, landowners, and people, bear no part in this whole sale corruption. The position lately taken up by the Assemblies of Hanover and Wurtemburg against the Diet meets with the loudest approbation, and is the forerunner of a very determined and popular oppo sition of the Germans generally to the personal in trigues of the King of Prussia, through his Minister at the Diet, M. Bismarck Scbonhauseu, This person has usually the appendage of " iufame " affixed to his name by the Prussians themselves. His Austrian colleague, M. De Prokesch-Osten, is consi• dered far more mischievous than any Russian agent might be ; and it is against the Austrian interest, in possible combination with the private views of the King of Prussia, that the growing league of union is directed. No faith can be placed on Austrian pro. mises, no reliance inspired by her Punic word ; and, without nationality, composed of shreds and patches of people, the only object of her Government has been to excite one race against the other, and to reign by an armed and overwhelming force, with fre quent appeals to the headsman and the halter—un happy pledges of administrative affection. Le Nord is in error when it affirms the December treaty with the allies, although unperformed and violated, to be the cause which has alienated Ger many from Austria. The "sympathies " are without doubt extinguished, and equally and happily true it is that every kind sentiment has ceased to be enter tained for the princes in the pay of Russia. These have lost control over their diminutive territories from a personal espousal of the Russian interests for pelf—vulgar pelf, without other advantage—a sale of honour and nationality to which the Germans have been no party, and against which baseness they loudly protest. Can it be expected—is it within the probabilities—that any nation or assemblage of con federated nationalities should range itself on a side essentially opposed to freedom of thought and action —and that, governmentally as well as subjectively— and which would peril the little of public moral that remains amidst the old dominions of Charlemagne ? These are not times when people will be content that their wellbeing should be bartered as merchandise by their rulers. Either the schoolmasters or the Rus aianised princes will have to depart from out the land—and when the battle of opinion once begins, and it will begin shortl3, the issue will be decisive of the fate of Europe. In favour of Austria, and in dis favour of German enlightenment, nationality, and in deed of all nationalities, Lord John Russell and the Whigs have avowed their determination to stand; and Lord Palmerston, in brazen contradiction to his former self, consents in the House to submit to the dictation of his political Judas. It is in reprobation of such consentaneous agree ment with Muscovite ambition—it is in umbrage at a betrayal of a principle which essentially binds toge ther the associated policy of Germany—that the animosity against Lord Palmerston prevails amongst those whom he was wont to cherish with secret ad vice and parliamentary encouragement. The par ticular caution against Austria given by him in a letter to Carlo Alberto is proverbial with the initiated in foreign affairs. Possibly it may appear in print if called for.• No plausibility of excuse, no glozing apology for the abandonment of genial liberalism, and for an adherence to the ukases of despotism, can remove a more than suspicion —ay, not less than the certainty—of the guilt of treachery. And thus is Lord Palmerston arraigned at the present moment in Germany. The foul misdemeanour on the Danish Succession in spirit may occur again. It is in this wise that lie is spoken of and judged by the King of Wurtemburg. • As this document is so well known to " the initiated" in Germany, we hope our correspondent will send pea copy of It.-- kld. Puss, THE PRESS. This sovereign is known of old to be far superior in intellect and extent of knowledge to the average of modern princes, and at an earlier day to have held opinions and designs which are now more probable of realisation. Having married the sister of the Emperor Nicholas, and the Grand Duchess Olga being the wife of his son the Crown Prince, a check was placed upon the anti-Russian development of private theories in respect to German government. But this did not prevent him in 1850 from arraigning publicly, by formal protest, the dishonest plots of the King of Prussia, and the Prussian league was mainly destroyed by his energetic conduct. Neither, is it supposed, does he entertain a more favorable opinion towards Austria, the object of both Minis tries being the same, a preponderance of power at the corrupt Diet. Lord Palmerston has not a more wary opponent, or one more calculated to thwart his inveterate sinuosities and laches, than this King. The mission of Count Kielmansegge to the Diet, on the part of Hanover, will not in any way affect or detract from the influence that the party of the nobles and people is daily acquiring throughout the Confederation. This German and national policy, in favour of English alliance, may still further compli cate the many questions that bear directly upon the springs of peace and war; but it must be settled substantially and generally, in accordance with the opinions of an overpowering majority of the people, or otherwise an ill-advised peace, with the principle of German discord unallayed, will surely be nothing more than a truce useless and brief. J. E. L. Sum, August 12. THE danger now threatening Italy is imminent. An attempt of Mazzini to make a descent on the Roman coast has been prevented by intelligence gained at Brussels of the plans prepared in London and Paris. This has contributed for the moment to give the semblance of power and decision to the Papal and Neapolitan tyrannies. Little apprehension is caused to the authorities by the constitutional party, from the conviction that these would remain passive rather than lend aid to the republicans by whom they are detested ; and against them are now directed the manifestos and anathemas of Blazzini. This man still persists, with greater force and immodesty than heretofore, in exhorting the republicans to use the dagger as the consecrated weapon to effect Italian freedom. Strange, but true, the priests in the North rival the Red Republicans in denunciation of constitutional government. They preach a right eous obedience to despotism—" it Re assoluto"— and a holy and blessed slavery to the priest—" it Dio." Everywhere, both in the pulpit of the Church and in the confessional of the Jesuit, the teaching goes to substitute the man priest for God—to inculcate that he alone can bind or loose, can save or destroy ; and in claiming the attributes of deity, the first and most precious exercise of it by the shaven impostor is to consign to the everlasting fire that quencheth not those who presume to dispute priestly office and power under the name of constitutional liberty. The extreme licence which the prelates permit them selves in urging disobedience to the Sardinian Government is working its own evil. A moderate journal, hitherto having a religious leaning to Aus trian and Papal influence, thus expresses itself : Si la demagogic venait precher ces theories et donner ces exemples nous is trouverions coupable, mais au moins nous la trouverions logique ; mais aujourd'hui c'est le clerge, le premier gardien de l'autorite, ce premier serviteur des itlees de respect et de discipline, qui initie le peuple la revolte, et couvre de son patronage et de sa parole la plus flagrante atteinte a tons les principes du droit et de la securite publique. 11 apprend aux masses a combattre le gouvernement itabli an nom de la religion qu'il coin prornet, et de la foi qui n's rien a dire dans cette insurrec tion de pretres disputant a l'etat des droits purement temporels, et des 'Marks purement mondains. Here the Catholic religion, as worked by the Catholic and ultramontane priesthood, is condemned by its own Roman Catholic organ. The commination of Roman ultramontanism could not have been more stringent even from a Protestant source. It is self evident that a reform of power—temporal and reli gious, free and constitutional—must and is about to take place throughout Italy and Europe. Rome and Naples are powerless without Austria; for them the game is lost without a fresh importation of the " Tedesca rabble." And will England permit this? A correspondence has been discovered between Rome, Naples, and Spain, containing directions for the Carlist outbreak in the latter country. The in surrectionary cause has been stimulated by the pri vate benediction of the Pope in the name of the Holy and Immaculate Conception, whose instrumen tality has been invoked to propitiate the cause of rebellion. Of course the old Pontiff will return the gorgeous tiara of jewels presented to him by her Majesty of Spain, whom he is now plotting to de throne, upon the principle that, " non mance la buona fede--ne fra i birbi, no fra i coglioni." U. T, A. SATURDAY, Ifortign 110 gainnial 3nttiligerat. FRANCE. Wednesday being the Emperor Napoleon's fête day, most of the public offices in Paris were closed, and even the Post-office shut its doors a little after twelve o'clock. In the early part of the morning salvoes of artillery were fired by the guns of the Invalides. Provisions were afterwards distributed to a number of indigent families. At midday gratuitous representations were offered at all the theatres, which were crowded. Receptions were given by the Emperor at the Tuileries to the Ministers of State, the members of the household, the corps diplomatique, &c. In the afternoon all kinds of amuse; ments were going on at the esplanade of the Invalides at the Barriere du Trone. The whole day was devoted to publio rejoicing, into which the people entered with their accustomed spirit, and was wound up at night with illuminations of a varied kind, some of ingenious device, and beautiful in execution. An immense list of names appeared in the Moniteur of those upon whom the Legion of Honour has been conferred for services rendered either in the Crimea or in the Baltic. The Emperor has just given his sanction to a number of public works that have been brought be fore his notice, which will secure employment to many of the labouring classes for many months to come. General Canrobert arrived at Marseilles on Tues day in the Indus. General Espinasse takes his command. The trial of the prisoners who were charged with attempting to assassinate the Emperor by an infernal machine, during his transit on the railway, took place on Saturday at Lille. Dussart, Cordier, and Dusu monerez have been acquitted, D'Hennin was found guilty of conspiring to kill the Emperor, and Desquiens of a participation in a plot. Extenuating circumstances were, however, admitted. D'Hennin is sentenced to bard labour for life, and Desquiens to five years' imprisonment. An Italian named Fontana, who was arrested on suspicion of having followed the Emperor to Biarritz with an intention to take his life, has been set at liberty. He is said to be a man of weak intellect. and from the fact of his liberation it is to be presumed that he is not thought a dangerous lunatic. A schoolmaster, named Freret, had an audience, on Tuesday, of the Emperor to present a petition, and dropped down dead in an apoplectic fit in his Majesty's presence. PIEDMONT. A correspondent of the Independence Beige writes from Turin that, at the request of the Archbishops of Piedmont, the Holy See authorises the clergy of that kingdom to receive the sums put at their dis posal by the Government, conformably to the new law relating to the convents. They are to protest, but not to refuse the money. SPAIN. The Government has received the Pope's allocu tion, addressed to the Secret Consistory. Canovas is going to Rome with letters, and without any official character. Letters from Madrid affirm that the Government intended to answer the allocution in a moderate but energetic tone. The reply was expected to appear in the Gazette of the 11th. The period for the subscriptions to the voluntary loan of 230 millions is extended to the 31st of August; these subscriptions are filling up well. GREECE. The despatches from Greece show that King Otho is more Russian than ever ; he persists in requiring the retirement of Kalergbi, and wishes to have for Minister of War Botzaris, who has just arrived from Russia. The Ministers have all ten dered their resignations. The neighbourhood of Athens is overrun with brigands, who arrest and kill all they meet, even at the very gates of the city. TURKEY. Constantinople advices of the 9th instant state that the Chief Minister of War is dismissed. Refoat Pacha is his successor. Omer Paella has been ordered to leave immediately for the Crimea. The number of troops at the camp of Maslak had been increased. The Turks are fortifying the banks of the Danube. The mouths of the Sulina are infested by river pirates. Five hundred Russian prisoners were embarked at Constantinople on the 3rd, to be exchanged at Odessa for English or French. It was asserted that General Zamoisky was about to organise the Russian deserters and the Poles who had been made prisoners, who would then march against the enemy. Difficulties have arisen in the principalities between the Turks and the Austrians. The latter pretend that they ought to have notice given them of any