Star. — London, England, 1819-02-01 00:00:00

F L 3.• ' 4 4 ' , V 1 ;? :414 ~i 1 , , ri : frni' 1 t ' it 11 r .• ...,, i is ' v, ~; Ir 74. o ~. ~.: • .4.IIERIt'.I. LONDON. Extract from a lleport addressed by the War De partment of the United Sta:..:s of America to the I Louse of Representatives, on dr: alfair.i of the In dian Nations: " rirrARINITiNT or WAS, DEC. .5, 1818. " The time seems to have arrived wizen cur policy towards the Indians should under;ni an important change. They neither are in fact, nor ought to he considered as Independent Nations. Our views of th it .nterest, arknot our own, ought to govern them. 13y a proper conibMation of tOrce and persuasion, of punishmeets and rewards, they ought to. be brought within the pale of taw arti civilixatiou. I el: to themselves, „h..y will never reach 'bit desirable eeedit:on. Before the slow operatinn of reason and ceocrience can coevinee them of its superior advaii- Cages, they must be overwkeinied Ly the mighty torrent of our pivot:no.. Sash small bodies, se.th savage customs and cha racters, cannot and ought not te he perrni.ted to exist in an in dependent condition in tht midst of cieisized society. It re mains to consider in what matne e our trade can be most sue c:safully prosecuted with the numerous Indian tribes who oc cupy the vast re ion extentli::< we to the Pacific Ocean. To establish a decided coetroul over the numerous and savage tribes within these vast limits, and to give to our trade with them its utmost extei:sion, are declined to be objects of great national isiportance. " It Is believed, that within our limits, along the range of the Rocky 'Mountain quite to the Mexican frontier, is the best re gion fur the furs and peltrits, on this continent, With proper efforts, the whole of this valuable trade, extendine, quite amass to the great Western Ocean would, in a few years, be exclusively in our possession. To produce these desirable resoles, foreign adventurers, whose influence must at all times be hostile to our interests, and dangerous to our peace, must be excluded. With this view, and to protect our own trade, means have been taken to extend our military posts on the Mississippi, and Nils south Whatever character our trade in that quarter may as sumes the extension of our posts, as contemplated, will be indis pensable to its enlarged and successful pros.naition ; but it is be lieved that notwithstanding all the advantages which they will afford, unless the trade he properly and efficiently organized, we shall not be able to rival with entire success the British com panies on the north, nor to obtain that decided controul over the Indians, which is indispensable to its complete success. To a trade thus situated, extenditeg over a vast region, inhabited by numerous tribes not less warlike than savage, with the competi tion of powerful and long-established companies on one hand, and danger of collision on the other, the unorganized efforts of individuals, always jarring, and frequently with opposing in terests, appears to be wholly inadequate to its successful or safe prosecution. .S If these observation.. ere correct ; if thh_ uncombined efforts of individuals are inadequete to a successful competition with the British Fur Companies; if they willingly irjure our peace with our southern neighbours, and lead to fierce and dangerous rivalry among themselves, it only remains to consider whether a mode can he devised of carrying on this branch of our Indian trade, which will obviate these evils, and accomplish the desirable object of giving the greatest extension to it, accompanied with the most etti:ient controul over the Indians themselves. " The united influence and combined efforts of the Fur Corn paniea referred to, can be met successfully, it is believed, only by an eqsal conceteration of influence, and efforts on our part. The jealous rivi.lry of independent traticrs, with its fatal conse (polices, can he obviated only by unloving the diversity of in terest by which it n otild be excited, and the danger of co!lisicn on our Southern limits, completely to the will and the controul of the Government. The consideration which I would propose would be to vest the trade in a company, with sufficient capital to be divided into shares of lOet dollars each, and to be limited to the term of Co years ; to pay in amial tax on its subscribed capital for the privilege of exclusive trade. It is thus that most of the evils to be apprehended by leaving the trade open to com petition, would, it is believed, be avoided. (Signed) " J. C. CALHOUN. " The lion. H. Clay," &c. &c. THE EVENING STAR. MONDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1819. THE FUNDS. PRICE OF STOCKS TIIIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK : Bank stock 2721-3 per Cent. Reduced 78;1 3 per Cent. Cons. 78i 77-I 7S—Cons. for Ae.7BlV,i 31 I,er Cent. 88 871-1 fp er Cent. 97; 97 5 per Cent Navy 107; lOG—lndia Stock 2331 Bank Long Ans. 2O', —Exch. Bills (2d.) 13 9 11 pr. The Paris Papers of Thursday and Friday have ar rived since our last. _ _ The Coronati , A of Louts is stated to have been postponed till the 15th of August next, the Day of . Assumption. The Marquis de LA TOUR-MAUBOURG has been, named Ambassador to the English Couit, in place of' the Marquis D'OsNroND. It is also reported that the Marquis MArsox has been named Ambassador at Peter burgh, in place of Count .NOAILLES, and General COMIC ANDREOSSY, Ambassador at Constantinople, in place of the Mar quis RIVIERE. The Chamber of Accusation of the Royal Court has resolved that there are grounds for bringing Can talon. and Marina, to trial before the Court of As sizes, for being implicated in the attempt to assassi nate the Duke of WELLINGTON. The proposition for granting a national recom pense to the Duke of RICIIELIE.U, came on for dis cussion in the Chamber of Deputies on Thursday; when it encountered very considerable opposition.— Baron de SALIS, Deputy of the frontier Department of Ardennes, one of those which had suffered most from the occupation by the troops, took the lead in opposing any recompense to the reputed au thor of the Convention, by v. bid' the liberation of the French territory was effected. Ile contended that it was impossible to make any distinction be tween the Did.e. of RICAIELILU and the rest of his colleagues in the Ministry ; that the Convention must be regarded •as the work of the whole Ministry ; or that if any of them might to be regarded as more worthy of national gratitiitle than their fellows, it ought father to be the two Members (M. DE C.I.XE and Count Go u us ST. CYR) who remained in office, and not those who by their resination had declared them selves unfit to govern in the new circumstances which they, had themselves been in ,trumental in preparing. lie further objected to the proposed grant as tend ing in the terms proposed by the KING, to burden unconstitutionally the Civil List which is unalienable, and in those proposed to be substituted by the Com mission who have reported upon it, as being in direct opposition to the dignified refusal expressed by the Duke of RICIIXLIEU, who would doubtless see with. joy the sum they wished to bestow upon him, em ployed in relieving those departments who had most occa..ion to deplore the invasion. M. KERATRY, while he disapproved of t! , e project under consideration, was still in favour of the prin ciple of testifying, by some mode of public respect, die graLitude of the nation for the services of the Duke of Riciremev, and submitted a new project of his own, in five articles, which, for reasons not rendered very obvious to us by the terms in which the pro ceedings are represented, anti which appear to have been quite incomprehensible to Mr. KERATRY him himself, produced much laughter in the assembly. M. CORNET DINO:TORT followed, and in addition to the arguments used by the Baron de SALTS, urged the inconsistency of the proposed grant with the fact of the Duke of RicueuEtr's retirement from office ; it was adding, he thought, insult to humiliation. M. SIMEON, one of the Royal Commissioners, de fended the project, and, according to the terms on which it was originally submitted by the KING : the KEEPER of the SEALS, another of the Commissioners, also supported it, but subject to the amendment proposed by the Commission, namely, that the grant should be made out of the National instead of the Royal Domains. M. D'ARGENSON, in a speech filled with severe complaints against the manner in which the revenues of the State were expended, joined in opposing die law; and was supported in his course of argument by his colleague, M. MAtitm. The usual hour of rising being elapsed, the farther discussion of the question was then adjourned. The Keeper of the Seals announced on the same day to the Chamber another Project of Law of very great importance, having for its object to consecrate by a positive enactment the principle of the respon sibility of Ministers, and to prescribe the course of proceeding by which they may be impeached for their misdemeanours, and brought to trial befdre a Jury of their Peers. It consists of twenty-nine articles. The Chamber ordered it to be printed, and examined in the bureaus on Tuesday next. We announced some time ago, that the Arch bishop of Jerusalem had had the honour of being presented to his Majesty. This prelate, whose name is Giarve, requests, it is said, in the name of the Nlaronite Christians, whose Bishop he is, that his Majesty would be pleased to order him to be fur nished from the Royal printing-office, with a fount of Syriac characters, for the purpose of establishing a printing press at Mount Lebanon. By it the Ca tholics of the country would be furnished with copies of good religious works, of which they are in want. The King received the Archbishop with kindness, and conversed with him in Italian. French 5 per Cents. Wedne9day, 69f. 75c. Thurs day, 69f. 60c. We have received to-day a series of Frankfort Papers to the 25th ult. The States of Hanover have presented a Remon strance to the Government against the late Decree forbidding actions to be instituted for the payment of any arrears of interest due by the Royal Cham ber. They declare themselves ready to pay these arrears, amounting to 2,500,000, and therefore re quest that the Decree may be revoked. It is said that the States have also requested that the Army of Hanover, which is now 30,000 strong, may be reduced to 17,000; but the utmost reduction which it is generally supposed will take place, does not exceed one regiment of Hussars, two regiments of Hulans, and 64. pieces of artillery. Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of CAMBRIDGE, arrived at Cassel on the 19th ultimo. A Hamburgh and a Dutch Mail arrived this day. The Journals by the latter are void of all interest to an English Reader. The following are extracts from the Hamburgh Papers : STOCKHOLM, JANUARY 15. We have seen with surprise in many Foreign Papers, the statement that Sweden has sold the Island of St. Bartholomew. We can affirm from good au thority that the statement is entirely false. VIENNA, JANUARY is. According to accounts that may be depended upon, Iris Imperial Highness the Archduke Palatine Al espouse the daughter of Duke Louis of Wu rtemburg, (Paulina, born September 11, 1800.) The bride is at present with her mother (a Princess of Nassau- Weilburg) in Italy, where the marriage will probably be solemnized this winter. It is affirmed that the marriage of her Imperial Highness the Archduchess Caroline. with Prince Maximilian of Saxony, presumptive heir to the throne, will take place in the month of May, at Prague, after the return of the Emperor from Italy. It is added, that the coronation of the Empress, as Queen of Hungary, will take place at the same time BERLIN, JANVARY 23. On the 20th, at six in the morning, his Majesty set out for Frankfort on the Oder, to receive her Majesty the Empress Elizabeth, on her return to Russia. After dinner the Empress proceeded to Custrin, and the King returned to Berlin. namburgh Exchange on London, January 26, was 32. 9 : 33.0. In another column we have inserted an Extract from a Report addressed by the War Department of the United States, to the House of Representatives, on the affairs of the Indian Nations—than which a more diabolical production has never been submitted for the consideration of civilized society. " The time seems to have arrived," says Mr. Ca !mous, the au thor of the Report, " when our policy toward the In dians should undergo an important . change. They neither are, in fact, nor ought to be consitle: . ed as in ' dependent nations. Our views of their interest, and not their own, ought to govern them." Atixi,ars we are to trace, and eager as we should be to ac knowledge, in the Councils of the United States, a spirit of moderation and justice, we must own, that we know of nothing to be compared with this in mo dern times, except the Decrees by which BONAPARTY: of his own sovereign will and pleasure, declared that Holland, Hamburgh, &c. neither were, in fact, nor ought to be considered as independent nations, and that his views of their interest and not their own ought to govern them. No other European Power has ever avowed its mere will as a justification fur violating national independence. The partition of Poland, the most flagrant piece of injustice of this kind before the French Revolution was not pretended to be executed on such a principle as this. The pretexts for that crime were sufficiently false and frivolous; but they did not so openly insult all the established doctrines of the law of nations.— We arc speaking now of measures adopted in time of peace. As to arrangements consequent upon wars which may have disturbed all the previous relations of States to each other, they cannot have any relation to a question of this nature. But Mr. CALHOUN makes no pretence of conquest -he simply says we have hitherto acted on one system ; but the . time is come for us to act on another. Hitherto we have regarded the Indians as independent nations ; we have treated with them as such ; we have admitted that they were to be governed by their own views of their own inte rests; but now we as-ert, and will act upon a contrary principle.—Why Because we choose to do so. It is worth while to advert to the Treaties which have been entered into between the United States and the Indian Nations. The . first of these was con cluded in 1778 with the Delawares, and was a Treaty of Confederation in war against the King of GREAT BRITAIN. It is scarcely necessary to add, that in such a Treaty the Delaware Indians were treated as an independent nation. But the lan guage of the sixth Article is worthy of notice : it begins thus 'Z. 4 Whereas the enemies of the United States have endeavoured, by every artifice in their power, to possess the Indians in general with an opinion that it is the design of the States aforesaid to extirpate the Indians, and take possession ?f,their country; to. obviate such false suggestions, the United States do engage to guarantee to the afore-1 said Nation of Delawares and their heirs 'all their terra°, ial rights in thefidkst and most ample 2nrinnei." This Treaty, however, was followed by that of 1783 with Great Britain, in which, with a liberality which cost us little, we ceded our rights, whatever they may have been, to a pretty extensive track (of which even the topography was unkrio*n to the negotiators),' but which was bounded on the west *by the Missis-, sippi. By a subsequent Treaty withWrance hi 1801, the United States, for a small . sum in dollars, bought Louisiana ; and upon the ground of this purchase it seems they claim " the vast rizgiou extending west 'to the Pacific Ocean," a region at least thirty de grees in length, anclabout twenty in breadth, " in habited by numerous tribes not less warlike than savage," over all of whom Mr. CALHOUN thinks the 'Government of the United States c.ught . to obtain a decided controul ! Very few . of these latter tribes are so much as known to the Government which it is said ought to possess this authority over theni; however, one and the same rule is proposed to be adopted with respect to them, and to the Delawares, Wyandots, Shawanees, Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choc taws, Creeks, Scc. &c. with whom the United States have, at various periods since 1783, concluded treaties. In most of those treaties the United States solemnly guarantee to the Indians the possession of certain lands, and purchase from them others for a certain value in goods-or money ; but of the lands reserved by the Indians the United States guarantee to them the undisturbed possession, expressly disclaiming any right to intrude upon them, except for the purposes and in the modes strictly limited by the Treaty. Thus, if the Americans wish to trade with the Indians under these Treaties k must be under the stipulated restric tions ; if they wish to pass through the territories for military purposes, it must be on the road designated by the Treaty. All these solemn contracts M. CAL HOUN proposes to annihilate at one stroke of the pen, on the bold pretence that the parties with whom they Were entered into were not independent nations ! It is difficult sometimes to penetrate the studied ob scurity of the diplomatic phraseology of the Ameri cans. In this iespect CALHOUN and ADANIS maybe classed together. The Treaty of 1790 speaks of " the Upper, Middle, and Lower Creeks and Semanolies,'• as " composing the Creek Nation:" Mr. ADAMS admits that the Creek Nation, in 1811, were entitled to cer- , tain lands, but he seems to intimate that the S=2- nolies and Red Sticks were not entitled to any pair of the lands, because those tribes were "outlawed.' Here then we have a nation living under laws of .its own, forming Treaties for its own benefit, • excluding by its own act whole tribes of its population from the benefits of the law and Treaty; and afterwards conies Mr. CALHOUN, and assures us, that this Na. tiOn. is not independent.—Nay, he goes further, and says it ought not to be governed by its orr. view, ' a its own interest. If all the Indian tribes from Nova Scotia t()N xit k a Sound, South of the Britidi line, choose to be p t) , verned by the views which the Government cf United States may entertain of their interests, have nothing to say againq it ; but in that case CALHOUN need not have written his Report. Report, however, looks to postible and ever! p rc . bable opposition on the part of the Indians, and :c the exercise of " force," and what. he calls " went' on the part of the United States. In slicr.l,, z looks to war—And on what is that war to he i! , stiZ24l On the right of bringing the Indians within the pal e of law and " civilization." Now this is in direct opposition to the modern Law of Nations. VArrEL, in his second nook, c . I . s. speaks thus, " though a nation be obliged to p romc:e, as far as lies in its power, the perfection o f ot h ers, it is not entitled forcibly to obtrude these good offi ces on them. Such an attempt would be a violation of their natural liberty. In order to compel any crt to receive a kindness, we nitt;t have an authori t y over him ; but nations are absolutely free and indi.. penlent. Those ambitious Europeans who at::,,ked the American nations, and subjected them to rich greedy dominion, in order, as they priPndtd. t o citi lize them, and cause them to be instrocted in ti:e tie religion—those usurpers, I say, grounded thcmsekes on a pretext equally unjust and ridieulnus."— Af ter this plain and positive authority, Mr. CAtcorxdo not Muds to propose a crusade tiled;; (f &oilcan ! What renders the case still worse is, that the civi. lization of the Indians is plainly and pal Fatly a pretext. The real object is to obtain a monopolyl a f the trade in " furs and peltries," to exclude " foreka adventurers," and to overcome " the compctitkn powerful and long-established companies" in the sane trade—objects which plainly inifly that the Indi are not to he civilized, but to be kept in the fn, state which is e.sentially necessary to the trade n furs and peltrier— In this last point our own pa:w cular interests as a nation are touched—but in tle great questions of setting aside treaties, declaring nations no longer to be independent, and ettgagiiv war to promote civilization, all the world is dyerly interested to protest against this extraordinary Rep Ls. Sir ROBEiT WILSON, in his speech oil the Finan, stated the National Debt to amount, in round nu' to 800 millions. lie was accused by a Noble Lord 1, spoke after him, of not noticitig the redeemed rat the debt. We beg leave to remind the two Homo able Members, that the whole debt, if the U 7 'part is unnoticed, amounts to 1100 millions ; and Sir ROBERT WIL6ON should have replied, that he taken the unredeemed part into the account. fact is, that the country is paying the interest on the whole 1100 millions ; but that when the whole a: redeemed 800 millions shall have been paid off, :11 aboui. 38 years, the debt will be totally extinct ; bat this calculation is founded on the sup position tt At n 4 inroad shall be made on the Redemption Fond. and that tp) wars, or extraordinary expenses shall -ni.e to check its operation. 7. vie ws c f to Naotk a to to he go, visit ine( !nt cf crests, we Lies t case r rE2 11,.. even i t re v., and : c 1 `• En shrr.l : ,t war ursd juqiZ2d? he In the Tale t sake pdern Law tha 'rid: c. s. ptaii o promote, atol f others, it 64 sod offices ks, iolation of itect iel any one and,.Ro autlsorir t Maj and indt. and to at::,cked UN' nto reir iCit Ley tO the in tl:e tr• e a gti thcmselt-es ly as."—Alter Lcorx does A o'c ,site s tb at t}e civi- * l "n' palpably a hibit ISNE lonopoly te f " foreiza Sail spctitkn rf nsp in the sane d the Indian s sni p •s the hunter it ; lia he trade in auri own pasn. •nsp -but in ;le dto declaring Ce dis dteply , ntgagin, is Fric ary Rept.n. c, is r. 1 e Financ:s, S t E a d numbers, ssen e Lord who ce mod part of '6O eo 110/101V- rth inredeentei ip th t s ; and that run that he had d th stint. The ,bs !rest on the -1 I T..t • whole tn.,- . iaid off, Ea ilc vine[ ; bat Ths ion act na eel Fond. and one ou lan asi.e to t Tits }ft vet tree horseback Th, oyal er ide oil sL• site is expected th 'cal rtugaL anif g. itinguished tee! e tills crc In use] 7re.: fills :Li vespod Erin • have been it the pet of njuriuus 11, axt !vice of t . ! esti 3wn the 64 De It is (T.: . Tit hat the LE::- • have is-.ri ed of his lit , n ; an d c: e tic with :a se gin 3 to itel:ast d :tive!soross vier a co:T.• 110 during rot IN ( in c lictme:a nt Sesc:". tl a Etv of ‘''r I Lanc ` 41 .,' , "' ate, 1 ` .71 dy ur b an ce: concer•e; tti eutenced ed J on Fritiv t, Ilt•rkele•• k'Crl:' rr 11 ' Zrl ; She - re icier to t' tn the Earl t tg uttstore. • to the l~ ins the drniv,:: Ci entirely r bllowett h. '•• tl h.continc.,l, • L , t quautrw , .. rs • • BRIGHTON, JANUARY 30. The PRINCE ItEciENT took exercise on horseback both - on:Thursday and yesterday. His Royal !Egi ness, in each instance, pursued his usual ride oil ILt West Cliff. The puchess of CamucEsmit is ex; at the Pavilion this day. The Ambassadors .of France, Spain, Portugal, the Netherlands, are still amongst the distinguished guests it the Pavilion. MANCHESTER, JANUARY JO. The recent extensive failures have cause] t, flatness in the markets here, as well as at Live' and Leeds and uhat is still wor,o, they have succeeded by that want of confidence on the pet the monied interest, which is highly injuriuus commerce. Mr. lit:NT has, it seems, taken the advice of sober part of his friends, and quitted this town (wl presence could do no good) for London. It is doing him !justice, however, to state, that the turbances which have taken place here, have in canoe been occasioned by any conduct of his lie has conducted himself with moderation ; and every occasion where he has been in public with :• partisans, he has uniformly exhorted them to i,c11.4% peaceably and depart quietly to their respective!:crnes The Weavers and Spinners, charged with ac( bination to raise their wages (taken up during late torn-out.,), and who traversed the indik against them from the last to the present .Se!, have all been found Guilty, and the majority at sentenced to two years' imprisonment in i.anc% Castle : the others to one year in the same pritJt Among the former arc 'Kay and PilkiiicdoN, were taken into custody during the disturbance Burnley. Gooks and Guam', two of those cone , . in the attack on GRAY% Factory, were sentenced three years' imprisonment each. The Dowager Countess of SEFTON died evening last, at her residence in Hill-street, Beat square. Her Ladyship was in the "2 •t rear ar age : she bad been ill about three months ; she aunt to the Duchess of LElNtiTilt, and sister to t Duchess Dowager of Ne.wcAsri.c,. to the Earl HARltiNnrom, and the lion. Colonel STANHOPE. Accounts from Chumbery state, that up to the ult. the:weather was remai kably mild, and the d: so great, that many of the springs were entirely r. hansred. On that day some rain fell, followed lightning, and afterwards by snow, which . contr to tail for Lome dais subsequently in great