Star. — London, England, 1816-01-12 00:00:00

- . ~, • STATE OF PRANCE. F The subjoined Report has appeased in a Morning Paper of this day, prefaced by the following paragraph: '• We yests rday received from Paris the following 'most Mt. pun ant State Paper. LI what means It transyired we knew not; bunk has got into a degree of circulation among the Diplomatic 11.xly, and is ta high request in the French Metropolis, When it i:; corsi&red that M. Pozzo at Bnßono, is as avowed Rey.slia at 'the first order, his Report to his Imperial Master of the state of I'rarc:•, of the Character and Position of the Bootternes, and of fhb Prospects which France holds out to Europe, cannot fail to he highly inteeesting. We give the. Document literally as it hal been transmitted to us, pledging ourselves only for the fact, that it comes to us from a known corre►pondent ; and further, the the existence of this Paper is confirmed to us by more au thawiet thin: one." •••=ilnll.l. ItErnr ott BY M. POBZO DI 110110110, THE PRESENT IHINhLts mtNisTra AT TILE COURT OP PRANCE, TO Tilt OF ALL THE RUSSIAB, UPON THE AC- TUAL STATE OF FRANCE. In drawing a comparison between the state of the putlic mind prevailing in France at the period of the landing of the Usurper, and that which prevails at present, it is, alas ! impossible almost not to fear that the second restoration will not yet prove the end of the revolutions of this country. When Napoleon landed, the public functionaries who had been deprived of their places by the return of the Bourbons—the military, irritated at the reduc tion of their pay, and at the dispensation of honours and rewaids in favour of individitals whom they con. sider,d as their enemies=the men who had been con spicuous in the Revolution, and whom the Public Journals had designated for so long a time to public vengeance—the putchaseri of national property, wli.irn the Jinn nudists and Priests threatened with de. privation—tinilly, the peasants, who dreaded the re tie.' Of trio.% and the feudal system, greeted him, notwithstanding the remembrance of his former ty r.inuy, not by attachment for his person. but through avet Sion tot the government of the Bourbons, against wliier they hat bouie I invincible prepossessions. The emigrants, the nobles. and the priests, who h.:l lost their domains and their privileges in conse q.ience of the Rev linion, and who expected that under th.. teign of the Bourbons they would ulti. matel). re,;itin client; finally. that class of individhals %klub ate i 'different to every system of Government, and ell wished but for repose, beheld, on the contrary, the returil of Napoleon with bat ror : but the notori ous iwsillaniality of the ar.t, and the apaths or ego font of the ethers. rendered unavailing all the at teu);•ts that could be made to repulse him. He ar rived slalost without obstacle, and fond! nearly the whole p pulation disposed to receive him, much less, it must be repeated. through affection for him, than through hatred for the Government which dissolved itself. Those, who exclusively depended upon the.ta mily the Bourbons, defended them as usual, by taking flight. Stich i.as the sate of the palle mind when Na. poleon lauded at Cancn. and pursue .1 his triuniphal rch to Paris. attended by the w.s!ies end almost unionist us acclamations of the population of the pro-, vi. ces tlityugh liich be hai to-puss. It would stem tzi tt the state oti things and of the po!ll:c mind ts not .-ro.e auspicious at this moment, and that the univeistl inquietudes and feats which the adniinistration of the Bourbons bud excited be. sore their departure, have revived shier their re. tont, and that they even exist in I conch greater degree. . . The violent manner in which their re-establishment has been sikcted, the disasters. which have attended it, the calamities of all kinds which the inhabitants nne h4ll et - Fra.tct hare experienced in c: , nsequettee vt the ittension Lireign armies, are far from bar. conciliA::•%l thus: l'ii,:ces the Live of the French Pcopit• ; and t!'e state to which Franeebas been re- chiced by the TR.aty ct reac the n.ilitai y occupy-1 tiun of her t, y, the 1.. z, of her col..oics, rui:: of iier eonimerclal eatAilishments ,ind mAnufacture,,, aad, in cons:nue:lce of .11 this, the on or her trade and 1)::r indus:ry, h tve nut furz:er contri buted t.) regain the hearty of the penile to their cause. The acts of their ;,,d inini-tration since their re-esta bl6hment do nt,r a t - Tear beit....r calcidated to re-unite in one entnnion bond die various elements of S. cial bady, split by r:volutions; and they consecibently ati..rd but lode hope . t)1 their Government assuming consistence and stahil:ty. An attentive and impar: e.tl invtstigatitm of those acts, cl;monstrates that they at, wanting in unity and combination. Their tem rtiziog srprit changes according to circumstances; sarnetaines they cnitain a general amnesty—at other ones the y produce a suspension of the Habeas Corpus and Cie insti ution of Coors Prevomlef. , p'iit of vacillation in the Government has been depicted in a caricature—the. King is walk .ing, hoDitig und. r his arm an umbrella, upon which is written, 4. the Charter." At the arpeAranee of a se,lrta his Stljt•sty immediately displays the urn a.iCts the unfortunate Charter is displayed whenever titc storm thteatens, and is folded up when it aub%ides. it wins necessary to do ore of two things: either totally to l.iy aide the Charter, or adopt and fol low it with good laid). The middle course is the most d:dicult, and the mast unsafe to pursue. It is true, that Bonaparte, by following the same course, had succetded in allaying factions, in recon ciling pacies, in subduing them all, and in gaining absointc i xiwer ; but Bonaparte, (setting aside the ascendancy he had acquired over the ;:tatim by the services he had rendered to it, and by his prodizious military reputatiou), knew how to rursue with an ability, a perseveranke, and a firmness without ex ample, the object he had in view ; whilst the Hour boos know not how to employ in their acts either the Urce, .the constancy, or the combination indispen sabie to attain the same end. A ces of the different Powers which consti tute the French Government, will suffice to substan tiate this truth. THE KING. —A Prince of his family governs with absolute sway the better pert of his kingdom, and appears impatiens for the moment when he may be (AVIA to the governni-ot of the whole. Tux Mists-ray, divided in two parties, struggling wi b e +eh other, has never possessed any credit with ' the puis;ie, and even ilk bad, it could not have failed seam it 'by consintieg to sign the lit Treaty ut _ Peas; so disastrous for Franc.Franc.lts President, to -,-_- ~. wham no one can deny the title of On upright man, a title very precious In these times, has *tome to contend with the nation with which he is unacqutint' ed, and which considers him as a stranger, and:with the intrigues of the Court, as well as with those of the Late Ministry eager to resume power. Above all things, he is opposed by the British Cabinet, which is desirous of weakening the influence of Russia; in addition to which, he will soon have perhaps to en counter a man jealous of his unbounded ascendancy over the mind, M. de Blocs', who, it is affirmed, will cre long assume his former post, the only one which has been kept vacant in the present Ministry. Thus conscious of his deeply critical situ ation, the Minister observed not long since, that placed between folly and guilt, he should soon be obliged towetire. There can be no doubt as to the choice of his successor; but M. de Talleyrand has declared that he will have no communication with the present Ministers of War or of the Interior, whom the King wishes to retain. TIM CHAIM= et PEERS :--The hereditary right attributed to its members, the importance and splen dour of their functions, the interest which they have in maintaining the order of things under which they enjoy such high prerogatives, had quieted many re specting the dispositions of the Court and of the Chamber of Deputies, and had given reason to hope that they would keep free from the spirit of resist ance, and compel the Government to the faithful ob servation of the Charter. But all these fair hopes have vanished. The Chamber of Peers, consisting for the greater part of Chiefs of the Chosuon, of Ven deans, of fanatical Royalists. have evinced that party spirit is a passion to which every thing is sacrificed. The same observations may be 'applied to the Chamber of Deputies; composed of the same, de ments, it must display the same spirit. The elections of hs Members did not take place in a manner cal culated to conciliate the public esteem. In the first place, the King appointed the Presidents of all the Electoral Colleges ; in addition to which he empow ered the Prefects to add twenty Electors of their own choice to the Colleges of the Departments, and ten to the Colleges of the Arrondissements ; finally, as these means were found insufficient to obtain such elections Es were desired. there was hardly a College in which fraud and violence were not employed to controal the elections according to the wishes of Go. vcrnment. Thus, for instance. at Toulouse, the Pre sident of the College, though appointed by the King, not appearing a Royalist sufficiently PURE.. was vio lently expelled, and it was amidst the murderers of General Ramel that the elections toAt place. At Nismes also, the Electoral College was placed under the influence of a band of robbers and assassins;— such of the Membas of the Colleges as were Pro testants, had already taken flight to escape assas sination. At Mendes, a Committee of Insurrection caused she Electoral Colieee to be surrounded by rued bands, prepared to fire. A •zen of the leaders of these Wilds intruded themselves into the College, and obliged the Electors to chew their votes before they cast them into the urn ; they ill-treated several of the Elect( r,, zsnd declared to the President (ap pcietcd by the Kipg) that. if be were to be elected, he should not tetire alive. These few fits may give an idea of the manner in' which the Chamber of Deputies i.: composed,_ This Chamber has manifeited so revi ! lutionary, sn anti-constitutional, sad so anti-royal a spirit, that the Ministry alarmed, thought it prudent to organise an oppusition, by inviting the most r.ttion.rl and mode rate members to I,.rat A pirate chi : but this opeo sitton is still but iu a small minority. The organisation of the military force, notwith standing die reiterated a.surances of the journals, proceeds but with slowness and difficulty; the greater number of the old soldiers refuse to serve, and prefer tilling the ground. Government is therefore obliged to have recourse to volantary enlistments, and to empl bounties. The individuals who offer to serve k tii :ors are numerous enough, but they have for die nio , t part no semblinee of mili:a: y service ; yet som: of teem, by means of intrigue, succeed in ob taining rank, and evco superior rank. A bankrupt tradesman hits been appointeil a Colonel and an Offi cer of the Legion of Honaur. The Government, 'no; ev. r, have so little confidence in the composition of this new army, that they have already postponed several times the departure of the Duke of Welling ton. and that of his troops. The internal administration proceeds better in the North than in the South. Yet such arbitrary mea sures are adopted every where, that it is impossible that the same resistance should not be generally met with. Prefects, Sub• Prefects, and Authorities still more subordinate, even the Mayors take upon diem selves. to impose arbitrary taxes upon their districts, and upon individuals whom they suspect of opinions contrary to their own. Many pare Royalists resist l the payment of the extraordinary contributions, un der the pretence that they should be borne solely by the men of the Revolution: in consequence of which, many a collector has given up his office, under the apprdiension that, in exacting payment of the coniri. htt:on3 according to law, he should be charged with lionapa-tism, and prosecuted before a Cour Prerotale; alti:oogh it be notorious, that, with the exception of the Army and of a small number of men, whose very existence is intimately connected with that of Napo leon, there does not exist a Frenchman who does not execrate this man—i.the author of their miseries.— Notwithstanding this circumstance, a sort of inquisi tion is enforced every where, wh:ch can only be at tended with. fatal results : several constituted autho. rities invite, by confidential letters, those under their, contreul to make reports and denunciatims ; they examine witnesses, &c. In consequence of these va rious excesses, private society, formerly so unreserved and agreeable io France, has lost almost all its at. tractions ; people are divided ; they fear and avoid one another ; scarcely any assemblies are made p party spirit prevails even in families, and banishes therefrom all peace and harmony. Public and private transactions have almost en. 'dray ceased; they cannot resume their ordinary course, until tfv Government shall have made known the means it proposes to employ to ensure the per. formance of the engagements contracted by the dif ferent stipulations of the Treaties of Peace. The transfer of prcperty is become impracticable ; those who still possess specie conceal it, tearful of thesrea tion of a paper money. Upon a property worth halt a million of lines (about 420,000 sterling) it would • " be very difficult to raise a thoond louts d'ors, even' at it vary high interest. :Upon these general considerations of the deplorable situation of the country, and the yet more melan choly prospect with which it is menaced, it is impos sible to found a hope of ameliorating its situation but by the union of the Allies, the - occupation of France by their troops, and by their protection, not only against the attempts of the Red Jacobins, but also against the machinations of the White Jacobins, who, under the mask of religious fanaticism, resuscitated in Europe since the restoration of the different branches of the House of Bourbon, have committed within these six months in the South such horrors and cruel ties as the whole course of the French Revolution scarcely offers an example. If, unfortunately, the Great Allied Powers should not remain united for a great length of time, it the collision of their interests should divide them, we must infallibly behold unhappy France again a prey to those revolutionary convolsions, by which site has been torn for five and twenty years ; and, in this case, the Bourbons would be inevitably forced to descend a third time from their throne. Such, at least, is the opinion of a great Statesman, of Lord Castlereagh, who wrote to the Emperor Alexander on the Bth of August last, that •• the re-establish ment of the Bourbons, such as it then was, could not be considered as the term of the revolutionary state, and that the duration of their existence depended upon the presence of the Allied Armies in the heart of France." Experince has also shewn, and more than once, that the cause of the Bourbons could not prevail un less supported by foreign bayonets ; that it has been always vanquished every time that it has entered the lists alone, and that too without the least necessity of opposing the smallest resistance, and without a single individual perishing either in their cause or against it. In fine, this cause, which cannot be always thus supported, and which for that reason must of neces sity fall, by turns thrown down by the nation and raised up by foreigners, appears to menace France with a succession of bloody catastrophies, which will be renewed until the ruin of this fine country shall be wholly consummated—a tragic exhibition reserved, perhaps, for our posterity.—Duernher, 1815. FRENCH PAPERS. PARIS, JANUARY S. Wednesday the Duke d'llavie, Captain of the Guards, end the Count de Puysegur, Captain of the Guards w Monsieur, returned with Madame, having had the honour of accompanying th it Princess to the King, where s!ie received the greatest marks of affec. tinn, on the occasion of the 3d of January, 1816, the unitive' sary of the d.iy on w Inch her Royal Highness was sheltered at 131sle to rejniu her august family. We are assured elat the churches which the Pro testants have enjoyed (at Nismes) s'nce the rcvolo.. rim, having b?eu 011Ft:1411y COlneCr4te:l to Ilbe Ca. tholic worship, it has Weis resolved to construct two new churches for the Protestants, in order to replace that concession, and that in the mean time the latter shall enjuy undisturbed the buiblings assigned to the m.— ( Journal sic Paris.) The Prefect of the Gironde has caused to be opened a new .charitable workshop ar Bourdeaux. Large rooms, warmed by stoves, will there present au asylum from the rigour of winter, as well as easy and gainful occupation until the spring. Beggars able to work will find there various employment, and good pay, that will place them above want. NISMES, DECEMBER 26. EXTRACT FROM A PRIVATE LETTER. The opening of the Protestant churches took place here oa Christmas Eve. Worship was publicly exer cised wit!, calmness, without any obstacle, without the slightest word on the part of the Catholics, and without the most trifling incident occurring. The number cf Protestants who attended was very con siderable. The midnight mass, of which the Catho lics have been deprived for these 25 years, was cele brated in sir different churches. There was an im mense concourse of the faithful, but the greatest de cency, order, and calmness, every where prevailed. Precautions had been taken, by authority, for the maintenance of public tranquillity, but they were un qecessary. Next day, Christmas, the Protestants and the Ca. tholics went to their several churches. Every thing passed in the most edifying manner. The men and women of both sects were been meeting in the streets. and accosting each other with that frank cordiality which announces union. The town ut Nismes may, therefore, be considered as restored to tranquillity. The National Guard, in paiiiicular, is animated with a spirit of tolerance which affords the happiest; , hopes. The public Authorities perfectly second these good dispositions. The following is the Order of the Day, which was addressed by the Commander in Chief to the Guard on the 22d of December : °‘ Brave National Guards—The Protestant worship was yes terday pubtely performed within our walls. You alone were employed to ptotert its free exercise : your conduct has justified this proof of confidence. The mast perfect order was the happy mak of thediscipfine by which yod are guided. Be convinced of this truth; redouble your seal, second my efforts, and oar detractors will be obliged to admit that no obstacles are too great for us when we undertake' to maintain order, and to execute the will of the King." General Cunt Lagarde is infinitely better. His health improves, and he acquires strength daily. It is hoped, that by the approaching spring, this worthy officer will be able to give new proofs of devotion for the King's service. —(Journal Central & France.) LISBON, DECEMBER io. Since the 15th century, our commerce has never been so active as at present, Many rich hous:s from Malaga and Cadiz have established thenise.ves in Portugal ; the wise principles of• our Regency grant these foreigners liberty and protection. Tile spirt of toleration spreads itself from hence ores the whole kingdom ; the German merchants have obtained permission teL establish a Protestant church sa this capital, though the Portuguese clergy warmly op posed it. The trade with both Indies, the Brazils, and the Spanish insurgent colonies of America, has risen to a high pitch, being well protected by the go- vernment. In the course of this year 490 vessels laden with European produce have sailed for South America, and chiefly for the Brazils. Every week a paciaet sails for Rio Janeiro. Since the residence of toe Royal fauily there. specie has considerably in creartd at Lisbon ; the amount imported from Ame rica within these eighteen months* is estimated at fifteen millions. ' _ PRIPLIT CORRESPONDENCE. 64 PAIN, JANA isi t asThe discussion which commenced the day yesterday in the Chamber of Deputies, b ee every attention, and absorbed every interim Assembly was divided into two perfectly distinct , ties; the Members who spoke io favour of the , scents proposed by the Committee, and who to extend the proscriptions and measures of vca . . took their places on the right of the President; who wished' to adopt the Projet as it was . and supported by the Ministers, sat on the hitherto these parties seem to be pretty equal is her, and the tribune is the field where the et • have alternately combated. The Don QiioPi t the party. opposed to the Minister is M. de la donnaye. He was one of the first who spoke the Projet: his speech was a complete m against the wise and moderate; nothing could the intemperate hatred of this man, who did so t tate to appear in the national tribune, to rage, proscriptions and the effusion of blood; eit those who were of his party could not help testific c some indignation at hearing the sanguinary et, sions of this new terrorist: cries of lock,. from all sides, but the orator was not to by by the almost universal opposition w:iich he and he continued his revolutionary harangtc . When he descended from the tribune, he w as disconcerted, and, in fact, like a man goad e d crimes and remorse. M. de Vaublanc replied c a with coolness, and used only the weapons pf m tion ; yet it was with trembling that Le addressmi Chamber. The tnemies of that Minister havey c k u • and circulated among the Deputies speeches cf which he formerly delivered, especially an in which he formerly demanded that the B if they were taken, should be exemplaily punished the enemies of France, and as traitors to tbecou The recollection of these•sentiments cramps the of M. de Vaublanc, and he is singularly f when he speaks in support of the Ministry. 44 It isaid that the President has assured the ria that the law would be adopted, such as he pretest it; hitherto, however, the opposing parties semi be equally balanced. " It is said that M. Pasquin, the former Keepea the Seals and Minister of State, was the person eh most contributed to the escape of Lavalette ; hen formerly very much connected with Madame lag htte, and he belongs to the Ministerial Party. " Madame Lavalette still continues in prison.. Site is permitted to see certain persons, a list I whom she has given in. Among the number is 1 old friend of her husband's, who has refused to re her, alleging that their political opinions emu opposite to permit of such an interview. A Fowl man of 1813 would not certainly hare given ado answer." FROM ANOTHER CORRESPONDENT. '• Paris, Wedaettir En* •{ Every thing seems changed in the Chamber Deputies. In the debates of yesterday and this it would appear to be no longer the same ass • that Sat there a month ago. Then the Minitters every thing—now they are scarcely listened to common attention and respect even a common server f the debates in.the Chamber is i, struck with Vie change in their demeanour, consciousness of their power, and the increase cf pretensidns ; they look - upen the destinies of F as placed io their hands ; their laconic address King is understood in this spirit. Several • exclaimed in the course of the debate on the • • Yes, France must be saved, even in iple the Ministers.' This is the.sentimeot by which majority are animated. 4. It is clear their confidence in the Govern •• •is gone by ; the party in (ifirsnion tar surpss opponents in eloquence; no notion can be termed the speech of M. Bourdonnaye morn. Out :at , peared in the French Papaws : when he &faded constitutional right of the Chamber to, rrialiff law, his reasoning was applauded at tl,e end of most every sentence. When he attacked Oe Idr tees, instead of the murmurs stated in the From papers to have followed him, he was on thecae"t interrupted rather by applause; there were us murmurs it is true, but scarcely perceptible ail the expressions of approbation. He charged Ministers directly with misleading the King tar purpose of protecting the regicides, and called ups them (looking steadily towards the Ministerial brit where M. Vaublanc was sitting) to clear theme , of 46 the mysterious escape of the traitor M. La lette.' This latter observation excited a violates flict of murmurs and applause ; the orator detail from the tribune. Atter him mounted M. V for the purpose of defending his colleagues and • self ; his reply was extempore, and extremely - and irregular. It produced but little effect sycnt Chamber. 1' p II ‘, The Ministers are reduced to the necessity d* ling to their aid the personal wishes of the King. Ih thought strange that the oldest and most friends of the Royal cause s.iould so resolutely prase the King's Ministers; bat it is said they are close contact with those who are nearest to the tb The Royal Family are as divided as the Conk. The succession of the Count d'Artois and the rer net ation of France are openly spoken of by a Pag out of doors. The King, they :Ay, is too moderate• too good for the French. A counter-revolution, tipl which the Royal Government could rest secure', all permanently, cannot be effected without motif upon the revolutionists their own criznes, war noting their opponents oy de.,th or banishment. fls absur.i to suppose that the other party are idle All d i tune ; the contrary is firmly believed, and that beg is industriously kept up. 4' l'he newly raised regiments of the Roy were were reviewed on Monday last in the front of og, I'u4illeries; they amounted to about 4000 lioness foot, and a few pieces of articery ; it a camp'' chiefly of old soldiers; but cite Officers, in gee: appear to have entered service for the first nine; King was received with unatfec.ea entausiaon by the troops and by toe people ; the court of Palace, and of the Caxousei ' was cr se.th tators. The Officers of the Royal Gu al ti Ater' ed with an evil eye, in the pubiic walics and houses, by the officers of the disbanded French —this is probably the result rather ut euvy IMO affection. The unitorns is cuanged, but thattelisi was worn betore the revolution has no t been I The infantry wear their coats blue as musk