The Press. — London, England, 1856-06-14 00:00:00

THE PRESS. and that the exact moment of its occurrence then became a matter of calculation. The capture of the Cemetery of the Quarantine by the French was regarded by the Russian general as a symptom of decadence, and he succeeded in inducing Gortschakotf to assault the French on three suc• cessive nights, in the hope of driving them out and reco vering the lost ground ; but these attempts failed, although the contest was so fierce that on the last night the works changed hands nine times, and the general would not renew the fight. Their last attack cost them 1,200 men. Todtleben is not regarded as an engineer of scientific attainments or originality of idea by officers of his own branch of the service, but he is admitted to possess great audacity, vigour, and enterprise. Their idols are officers whose names we never heard before. As a proof of the pressure of the siege upon the army, I was assured by an engineer officer that he had only twenty men allowed him to make the road to the Belbeck from the north side. The bridge across that river is made of oak, which was brought into the Crimea with infinite pains and labour, and at an enormous expense. A great central line of railway is to be made, and great advantages from it are eagerly anticipated by the Russians : There is to be a railway from Moscow to Odessa, with branches to Nicolaieff, Perekop, and Sebastopol. The common remark now is, " Where would you have been last year if we had had a railroad?" They evidently expect great results from their iron•ways. butt regret to say that their eyes are turned rather to the military than to the social consequences of the introduction of this system into Russia. They are intent on a new armament of their soldiery, and on the extensive introduction of the rifles with which the American manufacturers are largely sup plying them. The Liege rifle, made by J. P. Malherbe, is their favorite weapon, but it is rather expensive, and it was not easy to obtain supplies of these arms during the war. " The peace will not last—in ten years, ay, in two, we shall be very differently prepared from what we were." Like ourselves, they attribute to the valour of the private sol- dier and to his intrinsic excellence the lengthened defence of Sebastopol, and declare that they had no general with a spark of military genius, although Menschikoff had a rapid eye and quickness of determination, and Gortschakoff is possessed of unshaken fortitude, resolution, and industry. To cheer up her soldiery and give them a little pleasant excitement after the monotony of the siege, Russia is about to organise a brisk campaign against the Circassian tribes forthwith, and the surrender of Kertch and Yenikale will enable her very speedily to march troops to * Anapa, and to reoccupy her old strongholds on the coast.—lb. and that the moment channels of private charity are opened, meaning convents, the onerous charges for relief will disappear, and the " itablissements de bienfaisance " will bear the entire burden. The re lief is problematical, and the conventual evil certain. A Belgian journal pronounces—" Le projet de lot de M. Norhomb n'est sous la rubrique mensongere de charite, qu'une loi tie convents.'' fhe object of t.e " parti pretre." it continues, is to invest the priest hood with unlimited power under a fictitious name, and declares that all charitable motive must be denied to the Redemptorist Fathers, whose services consist in preaching, confessing, and performing services as salaried chaplains, and sowing discord in private families. Such charitable motives must likewise be withheld from the Jesuits, who devote themselves solely and entirely to the education of the rich, pur loin from them their hereditary property (de detourner legalement le patrimoine des families), and acquire wealth without contributing to the support of the country by the payment of taxes. Already in Ghent there are the following monastic institutions Lea Ricollets, Carmes Dechausses, Dominicains, Augustins Jisuistes, Freres de Charlie, Freres de St. Jean de Dieu, Freres de la Misericorde, Freres des Ecoles Chretiennes, Freres de St. Vincent de Paul, Congregation de la Sainte Vierge, Hospi talieres Scours Josephines, Scours de Charlie, Bet nar dines, Paulines, Scours tie PE n fan esus, Scours Noires; at Brussels, Lea Jesuites, Redemptoristes, Capucins, Josephites, Petits Freres, Carmelites, Scours de Marie, Dames de Marie, Dames de Sacre Cceur ' Scours de St. Vincent de Paul, Petites Scours, Augustines, Scours Noires, &c., and many of these have double establishments. The other towns of Belgium— Bruges, Ghent, Antwerp, Liege, Namut, Mons, dtc.— have their full complement. If this number be ac counted by the "parti pretro " to constitute a dearth of monachal benefits, it will not be easy to determine what specific number will satisfy their craving. One of their clerical organs declares that the events of 1830 constituted a " restoration," and not a revolution. A restoration of what—of a Jesuit priesthood ? The " parti pretre " and the aristocrats are playing directly into the hands of the democrats and republicans. An action has been brought before the public tri bunals of Paris against certain parties belonging to the " Imprimerie Imperiale," for having surrepti tiously furnished the hulipendance Beige with au thentic copies of the treaty of March 30. The ac cused do not deny the fact. By the evidence it is fairly established that a jealousy exists on the part of the bulipendance against the Nerd, and the editor of the former hints, with professional delicacy, to M. Lejolivet, that if it be a question of money he would willingly pay for exclusive information : I do not ask, indiscreetly, how you became possessed of the important document, and I have no doubt in sending it to the Nord as well as to us you strictly performed an engagement of honour. Only I would observe that I am ready to make those little sacrifices that would insure " le document seul," which would materially add " k sa valeur pour L'lndependance." In that case—" si le cas se repre sentait "—you have only to fill up a blank cheque for sig nature, which shall be duly honoured. Accept, M. le Prefet, the expression of my highest esteem.—Garefle des Tribunaux, Observateur Beige. The policy of Austria in the Danubian principali ties demands attention. When the Russian army of 150,000 men under Prince Gortschakoff engaged to quit the principalities, they only required fifteen days for a complete evacuation, whereas the Austrians, amounting to only 15,000 men, demand eight months, without assigning any reason for the delay. The Vienna journals for the last two years have insisted on the propriety of Austria extending her frontiers to the Black Sea—"Ce sont I& sea frontieres natu. relies ainsi que l'avait tres bien reconnu le Prince Eugene." Further : As Austria has not succeeded by this war in gaining Moldavia, Wallachia, Servis, and Bulgaria, she is bound to put every engine to work in order to accomplish it, by rail roads, mines, hanks of credit, suppression of the customs, colonisation, &c. Every effort should be encouraged to acquire the territory at any price and at every hazard. SATURDAY, director of the Leipsic and Magdebourg Railroad, repaired to Jassy, in order to mak e arranoments for immediately opening a Moldavian bank upon the basis of the old agreement. The terms had been discussed, agreed upon, and conceded by the Government, with the full consent of the Divan. On learning these particulars, Count Coronini immediately telegraphed to Prince Ghika not to conclude definitively with M. de Nulandt, as an Austrian banking company was prepared to commence operations. M. de Mense bach, the Prussian Commissary-General, insisted on the validity and finality of the bargain, snit the dis pute waxed warm. Recourse was had to the tele graph for further orders from Vienna and Berlin. Subsequently a telegraphic communication was re. ceived from M. de Buol, signifying to the Hospodar the " DESIRE" of his Imperial Majesty Francis Joseph, that the proposals of the Austrian company should be accepted, and those of Prussia summarily refused. After a severe contest between the agents of Austria and Prussia, it was, despite of Austrian opposition, proposed, resolved, and carried unani mously in the Divan, that the Prussian offer of a bank " hypothecaire " should be accepted and rati fied; and M. de Nulandt is now on his return to Dessau with his banking credentials perfectly "en regle." The conduct of the English Consul in exerting all his influence on the side of Austria, and making use of the name of his Royal Mistress with. out any possible authority, has not added to the prestige of England in the principalities. The Rou main population have declared, without reserve, for the junction of the principalities under one and the same Government, and to be independent of the Porte, save and except the payment of tribute. England, France, Russia, Prussia, and Sardinia, are in favour of the demand, which is opposed by Aus. tria and Turkey. II The circular of M. de Buol on Italian affairs con tains two specialities—an accusation against Sardinia for assuming the protectorate of Italy, and a decla ration to the effect that a representative system of government in Piedmont is calculated to foment sedition in neighbouring States. At the Confer ences of Paris M. Buol sought to maintain that European nations, not having a direct interest, could not claim "de jure " to interfere in Italian affairs. This notion permeates throughout the present cir cular. He forgets that at the Congress of Laybach the Kings of Naples and Sardinia were summoned to take a part in the Italian question which the powers of Europe had determined to discuss. It was there openly affirmed by England that the pos session of Gibraltar, Malta, and the lonian Islands, places of Mediterranean and commercial conse quence, made the tranquillity of Italy a matter of moment, and authorised interference. France held similar views, and French troops are now quartered in Rome. So far from Piedmont assuming to claim the protectorate of Italy, it is rather the Austrian Government that would usurp the lieutenant-gene ralship of the Italian peninsula. In 1821 Austria held military possession of Naples, afterwards garri soned, and now again occupies part of the Romagna, reigns indirectly in Tuscany, and quarters her army in Parma. M. de Cavour, seeing that Austria does not with draw the sequestration from Lombard properties be longing to naturalised Sardinians, proposes that the estates of the Archbishop of Milan, situate in Pied mont, shall be placed under a similar ban. Against this measure the Armonia, a Papistic journal, loudly inveighs, upon the ground that the Pope and the Roman Church derive their entire and essential power from the Almighty, and not from man ; there fore they are not amenable to temporal jurisdiction, and consequently that Church property is possessed by a Divine title incapable of reversion by Caesar. The enlightened journal proceeds to maintain, seriously and at once, in an optative and potential m,)od, that the infallibility of the Roman Pcnuff extends not less to political than spiritual matters; and this opinion, or pseudo-faith, certain Belgian and Jesuit journals assent. C. A. H. . •• , . .. , • • 560 THE PRESS. g ail t r h o e e s d e , SATUR DAY / a . d.e ir ,.....,......... ,.............m and that the exact moment of its occurrence then became and that the moment channels of private charity are' director of the Leipsic and Magdoenbolueragrnißn a matter of calculation. The capture of the Cemetery of opened, meaning convents, the onerous charges for repaired to Jassy, in order to make arranoments for the Quarantine by the French was regarded by the Russian relief will disappear, and the " itablissements de immediately opening a Moldavian bank upon the basis general as a symptom of decadence, and be succeeded in bienfaisance " will bear the entire burden. The re- of the old agreement. The terms had been discussed, inducing Gortsehakotf to assault the French on three suc• lief is problematical, and the conventual evil certain. agreed upon, and conceded by the Government, with nessive nights, in the hope of driving them out and reco- A Belgian journ al pronounces—" Le projet de lot de the full consent of the Divan. raring the lost ground ;but these attempts failed, although the contest was so fierce that on the last night the works M. Norhom b nest sous la rubrique mensongere de particulars, Count Coronini immediately telegraphed changed hands nine times, and the general would not charite, qu'une loi de convents.'' f T he obje c t o f t. e to Prince Ghika not to con c l u d e d e fi n i t i vely with M. renew the fight. Their last attack coat them 1,20 0 men. " parti prdtre." it continues, is to invest the priest- de Nulandt, as an Austrian banking company was Todtleben is not regarded as an engineer of scientific hood with unlimited power under a fictitious name, prepared to commence operations. AL de Menge_ attainments or originality of idea by officers of his own and declares that all charitable motive must be denied bach, the Prussian Commissary-General, insisted on branch of the service, but he is admitted to possess great to the Redemptorist Fathers, whose services consist the validity and finality of the bargain, and the dis- audacity, vigour, and enterprise. Their idols are officers in ..,___. ,_.,..., ,„„,.. a a „ .h ‘ , i preaching, confessing, and performing services as mite waxed warm. Recourse was had to the tele- jortign (corrtspoubtutt. BRUSSELS, June 10. APART from an openly political movement, there has been a meeting of the "Academia Royale des Sciences," for the quinquennial distribution of prizes. It gave the opportunity to M. de Gerlache to make some observations on the "relations des Papes et des princes Chretiens au 19eme siecle." M. de Gerlache, an historian of some pretension, is the author of the " History of Liege," and other essays connected with Belgium. He is therefore permitted to assume a tone of authority that may pass current with those unacquainted with the particular portions of history of which he may treat. The substance of his present lecture set forth without reservation that the wars betwixt Charles V. and Clement VII. were caused by the desire of the Pope Juliano dei Medici to liberate Italy from Germanic dominion (di cac ciare i barbari)—therefore, said M. de Gerlache, the Pope was wrong. The present contest in Italy, continued the historian of Liege, betwixt the Papacy and the Liberals—in which Pio Nono seeks to destroy constitutionalism, and to assure Austrian predominance—is, in Roman Catholic acceptation, right, and therefore the Pope is deserving of all praise and support from true Christians. This was the amount and object of the lecture of M. de Ger lache. The assertion of M. de Gerlache that the atrocities committed at Rome were generally per formed by the Protestant soldiers of the Constable de Bourbon, is a gratuitous assumption that can only be accepted by the supremely ignorant. Every primer of history will inform him that the Lutherans were disinclined to enlist under the banner of Charles V., even against the Pope, without " protecuon of conscience," wl.ich was refused, and that the army of the Constable was composed of Germans, Spa niards, and Italians, banded together for the exclusive object of pillage. The proclamation of Luther, as Pope in the place of Clement, was tht, act of Riniero Vivarelli of Pontedera, a noted freebooter and con dottiere, and a Roman Catholic, whose family became afterwards ruined by the payment of the fine necessary to wash out the sacrilegious stain. But the gist of this historical romance was shaped to bear upon the present elections in favour of the "parti pretre." A Ministerial project, bold and dan gerous, has been put forth by M. Norhornb to restore to convents and monasteries their ancient privileges, under the appellation of " itablissements de bleu faisance." It is asserted that Belgium is suffering under the pressure of taxes in support of the poor, This programme of annexation has appeared "in extenso" in the Gazette Autrichienne of 10th and 11th April, 1858. The journal is the official organ of M. de Bruck, the Minister of Finance, and the article is avowedly written by M. Stein, and is pub lished by authority. It is well known that the landowners in the prin cipalities are nearly ruined, their estates heavily mortgaged, and that they neither can pay interest nor find a purchaser for the property, since, accord ing to existing regulations, guaranteed by the late treaty with the European powers, a foreigner is de barred the right of possessing land. To relieve the embarrassment of the landlords it has been pro posed to establish a bank " hypothecaire," which should advance money upon the security of land at ten per cent. The Moldavian Government had been in treaty with a German company so far back as 1852, but the late war put a stop to the negotiation. At the conclusion of the peace M. Frederick de Isiulandt, chairman of the Dessau Bank, and a tortign nub Colonial 3ntriligcnte. tan •JVU, ass Elsa aiunvue ilitlolllllf/Lllnl that Lan c•cay uniazu. C. A. H. only be accepted by, the supremely ignorant. Every This programme of annexation has appeared "in primer of history will inform him that the Lutherans extenso" in the Gazette Autrichienne of 10th and were disinclined to enlist under the banner of Charles 11th Ap r il, 1858. Th e j ourna l i s t h e o ffi c i a l organ tor t i gn nu b Colonial 3ntriligcnte. V., even against the Pope, without " protecuon of of M. de Bru c k, the Mini s t er o f Fi nance , an d t h e conscience," wl.ich was refused, and that the army article is avowedly written by M. Stein, and is pub- of the Constable was composed of Germans, Spa- lished by authority. FRANCE. niards, and Italians, banded together tor the exclusive It is well known that the landowners in the prin- The terrible inundations from the Loire and Rhone object of pillage. The proclamation of Luther, as cipalities are nearly ruined, their estates heavily which have desolated the country are at length sub • Pope in the place of Clement, was tht, act of Riniero mortgaged, and that they neither can pay interest siding. The Emperor started on Monday for Angers Vivarelli of Pontedera, a noted freebooter and con- nor find a purchaser for the property, since, accord- and Chartres, visited the neighbourhood, distributed dottiere, and a Roman Catholic, whose family ing to existing regulations, guaranteed by the late relief, and returned to St. Cloud on Wednesday night. became afterwards ruined by the payment of the fine treaty with the European powers, a foreigner is de- The Emperor has given 600,000 f. from his private necessary to wash out the sacrilegious stain. barred the right of possessing land. To relieve the casette to the sufferers. The Emperor's great ex- But the gist of this historical romance was shaped embarrassment of the landlords it has been pro- tivity during these catastrophes bas excited the to bear upon the present elections in favour of the posed to establish a bank " hypothecaire," which utmost enthusiasm among the people of Lyons and "parti pretre." A Ministerial project, bold and dan- should advance money upon the security of land at Angers. gerous, has been put forth by M. Norhomb to restore ten per cent. The Moldavian Government had been The Senate has resolved to erect a column in me- to convents and monasteries their ancient privileges, in treaty with a German company so far back as mory of the War and Peace. under the appellation of " itablissementa de bieti- 1852, but the late war put a atop to the negotiation. Ihe army, it is stated, will shortly be reduced by faisance." It is asserted that Belgium is suffering At the conclusion of the peace M. Frederick de 200,000 men. under the pressure of taxes in support of the poor, Nulandt, chairman of the Dessau Bank, and a The Papal Legate arrived in Paris on Monday. FRANCE. The terrible inundations from the Loire and Rhone which have desolated the country are at length sub • siding. The Emperor started on Monday for Angers and Chartres, visited the neighbourhood, distributed relief, and returned to St. Cloud on Wednesday night. The Emperor has given 600,000 f. from his private casette to the sufferers. The Emperor's great ac tivity during these catastrophes has excited the utmost enthusiasm among the people of Lyons and Angers. The Senate has resolved to erect a column in me mory of the War and Peace. lhe army, it is stated, will shortly be reduced by 200,000 men. The Papal Legate arrived in Paris on Monday.