The Press. — London, England, 1855-08-04 00:00:00

AUG., 4, 1855. fraternal opinions whereby they may become worthy to rival the virtue and daring of Pianori. Not con tent with being an assassin, of paying assassins, and apotheosising assassins, Mazzini has avowed a de termination to denounce by name—that is, to mark for assassination—all those constitutionalists who eschew the creed of Rea Republicanism ; and he has designated the friends of Poerio and Salimbeni at Naples as anti-republican conspirators. He terms them " Muratists," and ascribes to them the crime of believing in the vain efficacy of constitutional government, and of reprobating the shibboleth of " Mort aux Rois." This man is the very curse of Italian freedom, and plays the winning game of Austria and the Pope, whereby the fetters of consti tutional liberty will be yet more firmly riveted. But the most mischievous of his manifold villanies is the steady and malignant vituperation of Sardinia. He perceives in the growing respect for that country and its institutions a danger surely subversive of his Red Republican scheme, and, unless its ruin can be achieved, he fears lest its honest example will taint Italy and the Italians with the desire of acquiring similar advantages. No effort is spared by this enemy of liberty to create a prejudice against the system of monarchical constitutionalism and to make the word " Sovereign" synonymous with that of "Criminal." To such a point is this hatred carried that, in spite of the aversion of this anarchist for the priests, he has not scrupled to betray by secret information a person belonging to the Roman States, having commercial relations with Genoa, and who had interested himself largely in favour of the Convent Repression Act. This unfortunate "nego ciente " is new confined in a Papal dungeon, and will be inevitably ruined. Of these liberal and virtuous republicans, it may he said "ex uno disce omnes." That particular district of Tuscany called the M aremma, in the province of Siena, is in an un settled state. Secret meetings have been lately held by the Liberals, and, although the abirri are on the alert, they fail to make discoveries, or, which is still more probable, sympathise with those whom they have engaged to detect. No severity, no tyranny of compulsion, can eradicate the settled determination to change sooner or later the existing order of things, and nothing but the detestation of repub licanism, generated by a fatal experience, prevents the Liberals from taking active steps. This recent manifesto of Mazzini, and his preaching the sacred duties of the dagger, induce the friends of order everywhere, whatever be their political opinions, to remain passive, and rather submit to irksome mis government than that the Mazzinian atrocities of 1848 s'aould be re-enacted. At Naples the worthy Bomba celebrates each re verse of the allies with an almost public rejoicing. His decrees against the exportation of hay, corn, and other necessaries for the allies in the Crimea, have been partially relaxed ; but every dealer in stores is watched, and every merchant engaged in the Levant trade, who may consign any of the for bidden articles of export to Constantinople, is marked for future judgment, according to the law and will of Bomba. And yet this prototype in miniature of Muscovite despotism is permitted to violate every Christian and moral obligation without observation or protest. M. T. A. WITHIN the last few months Holland has become possessed of another province, rescued from the waters. The last allotment of the area over which the Sea of Haarlem recently washed was sold a few days ago. The grcund thus saved to the country will form excellent arable and pasture land, whilst Amsterdam and the other surrounding districts will he relieved of an enemy, which, assisted by a north• west wind, always excited alarm and often committed fearful havoc. English engines and English engi neers were employed to drain this territory, which contains nearly twenty thousand acres of land, and in its present uncultivated state has fetched nearly eight millions of florins. The country expended ten millions of florins on this undertaking, In ten years the value of the rescued land will be doubled or trebled, while in about thirty years, by direct and in direct taxes, it is calculated the entire sum expended by the country in the drainage of the sea will be re paid into the Exchequer. Serious thoughts are now being entertained as to the drainage of the Zuyder Sea. But there are difficulties attending this under taking which were unknown in draining the Sea of Haarlem. The Zuyder is fed by five communications with the North Sea. It would not be altogether be yond the reach of engineering skill to meet these difficulties, but they would be attended with immense expense. The money, perhaps, could be found, but it is doubted whether the ground, when drained, would be anything but sand. A LETTER FROM ATHENS announces that the cur rants appear to have escaped this year the fatal malady of the vines, which devastated them for three year , . consecutively. THE ELECTRIC LIGHT is now used in all the light houses along the Russian coast. THE PRESS. Atortign anb Colonial 3nttilignut. FRANCE. The Emperor and Empress left Bordeaux on Monday morning by special train for Paris, where they arrived that same evening. Their Majesties will, it is said, take up their residence at the Chateau of Villeneuve•l'Etang while awaiting the arrival of the Queen of England. The Empress has improved much in health from her residence at Biarritz. The four tine divisions of infantry which now occupy the camps of the north will march to Boulogne in a few days and be reviewed by the Emperor, the Empress, Queen Victoria, and Prince Albert. Two or three regiments of cavalry are also said to be on their march to the same point. The official report of the new loan gives the amount subscribed for at three thousand six hundred millions of francs (144 millions sterling). The sub scribers number 310,000. The subscriptions of 50 francs reach 230 millions. A report is generally prevalent among naval and military men in Paris that Government are about to adopt a system of naval guerilla warfare in the Black Sea. A telegraphic despatch from Marseilles states that nearly 100 river steamers have been chartered from the shipowners of that town, each of which is to bear a powerful armament of two long thirty-two pounders, and the smallest of which has accommo dation for 200 men. What the gun boats have done in the Sea of Azoff will be repeated by this river craft in the Sivash, which is still shallower, and along the banks of the Dniester, the Dnieper, and the Don, where the Russian Government have large establish ments. It was reported in Paris on Wednesday that a duel had taken place in Belgium between Count de Morny, President of the Legislative Body, and the exiled General Changarnier, which ended in the former being wounded in the arm. GERMANY. Le Nord reports from Vienna that the Austrians are buying greet bargains in wheat in the princi palities. The purchases are on a large scale, and the price so low that it pays well to carry the grain to Bohemia. The late reduction of the Austrian army will not restore the deficit of Austrian finance, which has gone on augmenting as follows : June, 1851 1 023,200,00) Sept., 18M March, 1862 Sept., 1862 March, 1854 July, 1854 Total 1 773,769,800 The Archduke Charles Louis is appointed Governor of the Tyrol. The Diet of Frankfort, in its sitting of the 28th ult., decided on the question which had been pro- posed by Austria in the sitting of the 19th. The three points, such as they had been proposed by Prussia, have been accepted by the Diet. SWITZERLAND. The Cantonal Court-martial at Berne was lately called upon to try an anabaptist, who, being drawn for the army, refused to serve on religious grounds. The court sentenced him to exile so long as he should persist in his refusal. SPAIN. The governors of provinces have claimed the Church property confiscated by the new law. The sales will soon commence. Cholera has broken out in the garrison of Barcelona. The regiment "El Principe" has greatly suffered. TURKEY. The disorders committed by the Bashi-Bazouks at the Dardanelles still continue, and more troops have been sent down to restore tranquillity. Most of the merchants of the Dardanelles have Bed to Gallipoli and Rodosto, to escape persecution. The rebels had pillaged several villages. The French consul bad , )rganised a defence of the town, and 500 rebels had submitted. General Beau on had proposed to send. them to the Climes to act with the Syrian cavalry. According to reports from Constantinople of the 20th ult., received in Vienna, General Beatson,has been murdered by the Basiii•Bazouks. The new Turkish Ambassador to Paris was ex pected to arrive in Marseilles to day (Saturday). The telegraph to Adrianople will be open to the public in a week or two. The Debats announces the death of Prince Alex. ander Ghika, formerly Hospodar of Wallachia. The Viceroy of Egypt, Said Paella, loft Alexan dria on the 14th for Bagdad, with 12,000 men, to put down the revolted Bedouins. RUSSIA. Accounts from St. Petersburg state that General Prince Gortachakoff had published an order of the day, thanking the inhabitants of New Russia and Bessarabia for their patriotism, and announcing the arrival in the Crimea of the 7th and 15th divisions from Bender and Odessa. A letter from Warsaw announces that the marriage of the Grand Duke Nicholas, brother of the Emperor, of Russia, to the Princess of Oldenburg, daughter of Prince Peter of Oldenburg, has been positively decided on, and will take pl ace very s h ort l y. Letters from Kanaiesch state that a part of the Russian guard had arrived at Sebastopol, as uniforms of that corps were found on some of the persons killed in the late conflicts. AMERICA. Mails from the United States have brought New York news to the 18th ult.. The general accounts of the ciops are very cheer ing. Six persons were burnt to death at Buffalo on the 18th. Several of the recruiting agents for the Crimea have beet, arrested at Buffalo. The trial of the British Consul at Cincinnati, for enlisting soldiers for the Crimea, was proceeding ; and it seems the Consul has been the victim of a paltry trick. A steamship called the John Stevens was burnt at Philadelphia on the 17th, and three lives were lost. The Mexican advices in the New York papers re present Santa Anna as completely surrounded by revolutionists. INDIA AND CHINA. The papers arid letters in advance of the Overland Mail reached London on Thursday. Their contents are not of much importance. The embassy to Ave was attracting considerable attention at Calcutta, the object of which was to convey to the King some valuable presents from his Excellency the Governor- General, among which were to be a carriage, • buggy, and six beautiful Arab horses. The latter, it was thought, would be highly prized, on Recount of their novelty, none having been seen before in the Burmese territory. Major Phayre was the commis sioner selected for the honour of presentation, who, with a num,rous retinue, would leave Rangoon upon his mission, in the steamer Zesobia, about the begin ing of J uly. I'egu was perfectly tranquil. Six out of the seven murderers of Captain Madigan, of her Majesty's 84th Regiment, had been left for execution, the remaining one having saved his life by turning Queen's evidence. The Com m ander. in- Chief of India had, it was said, applied to Government to permit officers of the Indian army to volunteer for service in the Crimea. It was also rumoured that it had been decided to send a force from that country to co operate with our troops at the seat of war. The Madras railway wis expected to be opened in a few months. His Excellency the Governor-General woo at Neilgherries, and it was believed would remain there until October. From China we learn that the Imperialists had driven the insurgents entirely from Canton, having previously captured a great number, whom they im mediately decapitated. At Shanghae all was quiet. The rebeli had taken possession of one or two im portant towns in the north, but they had suffered several defe►ts, which left the balance of victory in favour of the Imperialists. Her Majesty's ship Rattler had been busy among the pirates. On the 2sth of May a pirate fleet of six boats was destroyed, five captured vessels released, about thirty pirates killed, and four made prisoners by the boats. MR. STOTiOR'S CABE was brought before the Mel bourne Legislative Council by the Colonial Secreuuy on the 18th of April, when a motion was made for the appointment of a select committee, to take into consideration his claim for compensation. That gen tleman, pleaded the secretary, had been appointed in England to a judgeship in the colony, and had been put to considerable expense in taking his pas sage, but upon reaching their shores found that his appointment had been cancelled before his arrival. It was a hard case, inaeed, that he should have to bear the whole of the expenses of the passage to the colony, and of his detention in the colony, besides the loss of the profits of his profession in England. At all events, whatever might the issue of the motion, it was due to Mr. Stonor that the question should b• raised, and it was by his own desire that the matter was submitted to the house for their opinion. The motion was. however, negatived without a division, Mr. Chapman being the principal speaker against it. The Lon. member inquired— Who had done the wrong? The Colonial office, no doubt. Who then should pay Mr. Stoner the compensit tion ? Certainly the Colonial-office. The Colonial Minister should go to the House of Commons, and there state that he had made a mistake, Anil ask for a sum of money to compensate Mr. Stonor, but to come there to seek it — to a house not implicated in the appointment, and whicb had done no wrong—was an absurdity. There had beeu three wrongdoings in this cue—the wrong done in the appoint ment, and the wrong done to Mr. Stonor in his removal, and there was the wrong done to the colony also. It m i g h t be fairly proposed, as an intendment to the motion, that this house apply to Mr. Stonor (or compensation doe to injury done to the colony ; that course would he quite al reasonable as for Mr. Stonor to apply to them for cow pensatton.