The Express. — London, England, 1850-07-15 00:00:00

Vte erpretiO. OUTGOING NAILS TM mile tee Liebe.. Spas, sad Gibraltar will be made ur ea the ateruieg of July 17. Ike Woe labs Maas, ezelmlimi Bermuda, Haveasek Illems. Beaune, New Beau" mid Make, sad including *me ter Madeira, 114. Juarde-Nierawraa, New Oreawle, rad Peruovill be smile up ea Me Norsk% of July 17. The walk kr BMW North Marries sad the UMW Blease will be male yr ea the emaiag et July 10. TM mile ler OYrelltr . mass, oil." eh. links lope, Ceylea. r efna. Sesibampbm,iliat be seek aw es kw samului 'elf 00.. The male Ilereallse, WMe lledierereasea, °ryas, lobe, IleyrlLeag. Le., will be mode tap= emaier of July N. Taw mails lentairis. the Bra% sad Dues. Apo% will Is aide op as the 'waft a Algol 4. • .5 .• LONDON =IDOL irress..9"—Emalla~Msss►.No. LONDON, MONDAY, JULY 16. Tni Irish Franchise Bill was read a third time on Friday lest in the House of Lord', and it now awaits its final esatinx* by the Hones of Commons. The last stage was fitly passed in the Chamber of Peers, is nearly unbroken silence: for the incoherent utter ances of the Marquis otWnerntem are as unworthy of comment se they appeared to be of wield= atten tion. Nobody else eves pretended to my a word. The ministry seemed but too glad to hurry through the formal humiliation imposed on them; and the opposition was too well s ttiAed with their work of mutilation and mischief to deem any farther expenditure of words tignisite. The neonate has been sent down to the Commons in so altered a condition as to leave no doubt on the minds of Lad &termer and his friends that it will be rejected is a rage, or that shabby com promise of the prieciple of the bill will be offered, which, whether agreed to or not, would effectually destroy all the irate and merit of having made a fair fight for their ivies in the eyes of the people of Ire land. The Lords think their gams now sure. Is it so? If there be wisdom and temper in the House of Commons, the insidious scheme can be easily frus trated, and we confidently trust it will. The bill, as it now stands, is a mere caricature of a settlement of the question. As each, it is not sasceptible of argu ment. Neither a 151., nor a 12L, nor any other test above an 8/. qualification, is worth a word in refer ence to the principle of the ministerial plan ; and for the obvious reason that no each rating would afford • semblance of political equality be tween England and Ireland. So far, therefore, as that fundamental and essential condition is involved, it signifies nothing what the amount of the Lords' amendment m be. It is clear that no cobbling or pat ch ing in a conference perfectly between the two houses could in this vital point effect anything, but that on the contrary it would only cover the whigs with the suspicion of insincerity, if, alter bringing in a measure ostensibly to redress the national balance of electoral privileges, they were virtually to abandon what they seemed to contend for, and to take their stand upon some intermediate ground from which they are sure to be driven with scorn. No compromise we hope will be proposed; none we are sure will be ritified by the people of Ireland. Short of equality, full, perfect, and unqualified, they will and they ought to be contented with nothing. A 121. compromise would be a mere cheat — a pretext for saying next year, when the English and Scotch suffrage comes to be reformed, that Ireland hots recently hid an electoral change, and need not so soon ern be disturbed. A 121. joggle wool no doubt please every teary in whig's clothing who is afraid to say openly bow heartily he hates and fears any reel ad vance to popular power. A 12/. thimble-rig would snit to a nicety all the mean and timid friends of the Irish church monopoly ; for it would serve pre cisely the turn of those who like to be called liberal, while at heart they are devoid of one courageous or generous sentiment regarding sect or race. But in the nostrils of the Catholic and Presbyterian people of Ireland such a' compromise would stink. It would be understood to be a wretched mockery of enfranchisement,—• cor rupt bargain,—a national fraud. It would not pros tically give for the present a county constitaameyl with which any free-hearted man could rest retuned ; 1 and it would nevertheless serve as an excitee for doing nothing really effectual for Ireland when the wants' of the other parts of the empire come to be dealt with. Between the gross numiers at 121. and at 15/., there is, we believe, no very important difference. If, therefore, the choice lay between the two, we should certainly urge the friends of justice to Ireland rather to acquiesce in what for the present is lead plausibly fair, rather than by any compromise relinquish complete partici pation in the coming measure of general concession. Ireland wasjockied by Lord STANLnr at the Reform Bill. She will be jacked again, if those who watch over her interests do not take care. For her there is no real hope or chance of adequate . justice from the imperial legislature in this affair of franchisee, save in the exaction of the plain and simple condition that the same suffrage should be conferred on both nations by the same bill. If any other scheme is propounded henceforth, it will bear upon its face the mark and brand of national prefe rence and injustice ; and if next session any other project is propounded, we warn our Irish brethren in time that their claims will be thereby jeopardised. Meantime, however, what is to be done ? Bad as the bill has been rendered by the Lo s, rd ought it to be thrown away ? Can Ireland afford to play at brag with such a political gamester as Lord SisteLze ? What is the condition of Mayo at this moment? Oat of a population of at least a quarter of a million, it is notorious that there are not 300 persons qualified to vote Is this representation ? le it not an indecent burlesque upon the very idea? Who can tell how many county elections may take place in Ireland before the "United Kingdoms Re form Bill" shall be carried ? Even a 151. rated quali fication would be for the interval, better than what now exists. Lord STANLEY and his friends know this well, and therefore they are going about openly chuckling at what they deem the certainty of the present bill being lost this year. Is not this some reason why the Hones of Commons should weigh well the consequences, eve they contribute in any degree towards that result ? Dignity, pride, and the point of senatorial honour are excellent things 'tis true; but there is no dignity in being done ; and nothing is more apt to be mistaken in a popular assembly for high spirit than a parade of poiitical sentimentalism. Wno would have expected that the most grievous fault, the most embarrassing obstruction in the way of the working of the French representative system, should In a total oblivion of all politeness? This might seem a mstterof small importance, bad not French his tory itself amply shown that the respect and forbear ance due from a majority to a minority is a duty of the most vital kind, and one, the contempt and neg lect of which leads, more than any other cause, to civil war, proscription, and blood. We read every day of tumult and violence in the French National Assembly, and when we corns to examine the caste, we find that it proceeds not so much from the acts or the measures of government, bad and reactionary as these are, but from the most gratuitous insults and provocation, addressed by ministers and the leading men of the majority to the republicans. What profit or advantage there can be in this mere gratification of spleen we cannot imagine. A republic was established as the result of the revolution of February, 1848, and this revolution was mainly, nay, altogether, owing to imprudence, unskilfulness, and utter want of courage in all the governing and influential parties and classes of that epoch. Tney bowed to it, swore to it, installed it, allowed an enormous proportion of the population to come to feel conscien tiously and legally an allegiance to the republic. The l'resident was skated u its chief, to govern in its name. And yet a minlster,—the very minister ap- pointed to uphold the law and constitution : called a minister of justice—he gets op in his place in parliament to denounce the very principle of the government, to :insult the republic that he seeses t and invoke the restoration of the old monarchy. Never was uttered a more complete appeal to anarchy and civil war, or a more treasonable insult to the National Amiably. The President of the Assembly, however, listens with an acquiescent smile, and never stirs until this ministerial apostrophe has aroused the ire of the liberals. No sooner do these siren their nataral.their inevitable, their expected disapprobation, THE EX?REIIIB,, MONDAY EVENING, JULY 15, 1850. of reliasateryt: mi tigliside dna that wholesome ce horror of the whisk it is this purples of a large party to ttPhold- Althogli we can have no sympathy with the in ducements which led WALT= Warr/ latOthe excesses that reduced him to the Newgate infirmoy, there are trait. in his character, as developed by au history. which are touching, and will have their weight, we doubt not, in the public judgment. The locket that was food ormooled about his neck whoa be was cut down, suggests kindly oonsideratios. As regards Dosovaim, we may loos once more the old story—the final catastrophe of a drunkard's life. Warn, also, appears to have indulged immoderately in the use of spirituous liquors; but, as far as we can gather, this habit was the result of his crime, not the cause. Judgment oa the crimes of either, however, can avail nothing now. We have noticed the closing set of their lives with the sole view of directing public attention to the conclusion which the example ippon to us to teach. There Is no evidence to prove that , either perpetrated the suicidal act in a fit of inaanity ' (taking the word in its ordinary acceptation) ;on the contrary, it appears to have been in both oases deli berately determined upon when the scales of justice turned easiest them. The sequence, as we trace it, and we Maim as all reasonable and unprejudiced . people will trace it, is, that in the one case death was preferable to the shame of a degraded bondage, and , in the other to an irhs3me life shorn of liberty and I sensual indulgence. FRANCE. PARIS, SATIIIIDAT EVIIIIINO. It seems hardly erodible at the first blush how any legislative assembly should pees a law which has grown by succeenve accretions into so monstrous a I shape as the strange law on the press now discussing is the French Chamber. You will have seen that by the adoption of M. Gamer Perier's amendment news- Eparagraphs of a 000phe of lines, upon any sub- whatever, will have to be signed. Notwithstand th e ludicrous absurdity of such an enactment, the incalculable perplexities to which it east give rise if ever put in execution, there is every probability of the law passing ; for the legitimists are determined to vote for it in the eaatoik, as they think they have given the cachet to the bin. The government on the other hand is de termined to go on with it. The committee on the bill met yesterday before the puns sitting to deliberate on the ensemble, in coa -1 spumes of the adoption of the amendment of M. de 'tarty. A repo:t basins been current that the government intended to withdraw the bill, the Mi nister of Justice declared to several members of the Assembly that the Council had resolved to persevere with the measure. The formation of a camp at Versailles has bees finally resolved on. An officer of the staff of the di vision of reserve of the army of Paris was sent, two days ago, to mark out the ground it is to occupy. The site he selected extends from the Hippodrome of Ver sailles, in the Bois de Satory, to the gate of Bois Robert, near the village of St. Cyr. The camp is to be first occupied by twelve or fifteen thousand men of the division of Gen. Guillabert, and successively, it is said, by all the troops forming the active army of Paris. To-day the President of the Republic left with his suite fur Compiegne, the Ministers of the Interior of War and of Public Works, General Changarnier and M. M. Mole Montalembert. Baron Rothschild also left Paris this evening for the same destination. To-day the assembly resumed the debate on the I Presn.law. M. Adtlswaerd moved an amendment proposing a duty proportional to the size of the journal. This was opposed by M. Rouher, and de fended by M. de Vatimesril. M. Emile de Girardin spoke against the amendment, and developed his fa vourite idea of an organisation of official stenography. He insisted upon the objectionableness of all provi sion., tending to decrease the furmat, the smee of which was the first condition of accurate and com plete reports. The house then divided upon the first paragraph of the article, estabishing the principle of a stamp, with reserve of the amount. This was adopted by 438 votes against 208. Tne discussion of M. Adelswaerd's motion was then resumed. M. Emile de Girardin made some further remarks with respect to his project of o .; cial,public.ty. After some observations from MM. Chambolle and Leon Faucher, the Assembly rejected the amendment of M. Adelswaerd, and adopted the second paragraph of article 10, which establishes a stamp duty of 5 centimes at Paris, and 2 centimes in the departments. The house then proceeded to the discussion of the third paragraph relative to the imposition of a stamp upon publications not periodical. After an animated debate this was rejected by 339 votes against 227. Theo the sitting broke up. As a proof of the improvement which is taking place in commerce, the Semaphore cf Marseilles men tions that, on one day (Tuesday), not fewer than three large vessels left that port with rich cargoes for the East Indies. The Onstilutional says : Never at any period has the public revenue increased in so '„rapid a proportion as during these last months. The returns, which the Mandela' is to publish in • few days, show that the indirect taxes during the first six months of the present year have amounted to 350 million', being 16 millions more than in the corresponding period of last year. That increase would have been 21 millions, if the duty on salt did not offer a deficiency of five millions caused by the exceptional supplies which were made in the beginning of 11119, in consequence of the reduction in the duty. But what is more ismultable is, that, in the augmentation of 16 millions, the first quarter is down for only three millions, while the second has produced the remaining 13 In fine, in analysing the lest quarter, it is found that the first moi.th of it, namely, April, his 3,100,0001 r.. May 4,180,0001 r., and Jane 5,376,0001 r. If the ascensions' movement continues daring the whole year, an augmentation of 40 millions may be looked for over and above the produce of last year, and 50 millions above the estimates of the budget. The following figures reply victoriously to the opposition journal* which deny that an/ improvement is taking place. The re gistration dues show an increase of II ,374,000 fr. The haassetions were incited by the low price of property, and if they are now on the increase, it is svideatly Lwow, pro perty is beginning to resume its former value. The aug mentation is the stamp duty amounts to 1,011,000 francs. We were somewhat curious to learn if the new stamp bill had been of any effect in producing this augmentation. It result. from our inform -lion that there can be attributed to it only an amount of 64,000 fr., arising from bills stamped extraordinarily, or from the papers which t; e agens-de change got stamped in advance during the month of June. Receipts known by the name of sun. dries present an increase of 2,162,000 f., which is another proof of industrial activity. The taxes effecting objects of consumption also give as satisfactory results. Thus the duty on potable liquors has produced during the half-year. 3.781,0001. more than during the corresponding period of last year. For July alone it is 1,275,0001. Such a result can only be explained by an increase of comfort amongst the labouring classes. If workmen can give more money for toter or wine, it is because they receive higher and more re. feller wage.. Tobacco has increased 2,742,000 f., and as it it net en übjeet of absolute necessity, the increase on the amount of duty received on it must be looked on as a favour able eymsMa There is a slight decrease In the customs in imports. it applies principally to the early months of the tie month of July shows an increase of 623,0001 Doss s exceedingly active, the amount for the half peter=B are 89 milliins, or about 14 millions more than last posh The revenue arising from the sugar duties has been missed by the perturbation in which the production buff has been placed. The duty on colonial sugar shows a falling of of 3,419,0001 r. Foreign magus have, it is true, given an herense of 1,701,0001 r., but it is well known that they have bees Introduced in order to be refined, sod are to be re ingested, when the duty will be returned under the form of drawback. The duty on home made sugar has increased 114171,000 ft. These different figures ought to prove how it is to discuss as soon as possible the bill psd by the government. We have mentioned above the deficit in the salt-duty, automatise to i ff.loo,ooofr. Lost year it had been nacevery to fill up the void occasioned in the stock by the expectation of a' 'reduction in the duty. Thence the fortuitous augmenta tion whi-h tout place in the public revenue. At present 1 that effect has seased, matters return to their normal state, and the exaggerated hopes which had been founded on Itie development of the consumption must be renounced. Postal reform, on its side, is far from responding to the ex Irritations formed. The produce in the postage of letters gives only the insignificant augmentation of 180.000 fr., and ereem that result ought to to attributed in part to the supplies genes of new stamps, effected in the month of Jane. The produce of plates is the manes poste" has diminished 247,0001 r., which is aceoutted for by the procreating com- Clia of railways. To sum u—this is what results from r:sts which we have just po inted out ;an augmentation la the revenue daring the last six months of sixteen millions' la spite of • deficiency of five millions in the amt duty; it Gillis* principally to the latter months, and particularly to W month of June, which furnishes nearly one third, and it eliews • total increase to be hoped fur of forty millions for the I a lma. year; in fine, it corresponds with a considerable re-1 Mud in all kinds of teatime:al. - as, with a general extension, of consumption, with a simultaneous propos in the public fortune, and in the comfort of the . Sash are the re -1 salt", proved by inoontestible figures. of the conservative which has prevailed since the 'Ueda" of December 10, ja which, by insuring the maintenance of order, has alike reanimated transactions, restored activity to commerce, and amollorsted the position of the working classes. Without dant the meads awed by the revolution et February ere than hesidsat Donn lies at them lilts a masa barks. Mina aad merles, oils this member to seder, floss onoesr, seeped@ another, prevents all sr any hem epeirled, sad aoudads Meisel( more Mee the aiminerris of wild beasts, than the psi trade siseling el urinal representatives. . Boom, is minister of justice, who provoked this sone, is a twelfth rats lawyer, a men, mina to at In any post of authority, is in OWN as Iseult to a country like Felipe. Of assess sash a being as oily diettageisk Mas sif by lama, and can only acquire prosai sm* in the exeltement of a row. And yet we find ante amine eepperted in his vulgar &abides by the Peeddent of the Assembly and the republic. )locals hr beta decorated with the legion of honour be soled be vile he literally berms to be put Meths stub. 11e worst of it is, that these disg usting examples el abase, treasonable im pedsnee, outrageous pertiaty, and ruffianly violence, are set, not by the repeblioans or socialists, but by those who represent themselves as the cream and the imaservatives of moiety. We never recollect or have ever read of, en iatehrast and so impudent a majority, as that which its ea the right of the French Hanalei Assembly. Who the republicans had the upper hand, their Mitt mad their management of the Aseem e a hundred times more fair, more conci- Bakery, more equitable. They never kicked, fined, sod hos.led the conservatives who spoke or who pretested in that assembly. And M. MAXIM was a model of all that was dignified and impar tial, compezed with the consummate brutality o f M. Dvent. If the emblem of 1785 were to revive spin. they sight view the tiers Itat with as mach real dislike sed esolleapt, as the would be noblesse of 18.50, bee Ow wadi ak least express this feeling with nen ;lOW, mere consideration and more reserve. The Irressa upper classes now really beat the lower ores, se Spartans treated the Helots that had rebelled against them. The whip is their weapon, and the sentiments they otter can only spring in the minds of those who wield the whip, and are bent on the duties of the slave-driver. The antagonistic sentiments excited by =nit( sta tions and purposes like these, are not the sentiments of mere political opposition. They are sentiments of social hatred, of outraged humanity, of all just and honourable principle spurned. Men so trod den upon are driven to meditate something far worse than revolution. The passions excited, fed, and com passed to ferment by such treatment, are 1111111111 than the traditional ones of the Celt against the !lases, or the negro against the planter; for in them some show of superiority, right, and supe rior intelligence may be shown ; whilst in the pre tences which the champions of one political creed in France arrogate over their brethren of another, there is really neither plea nor foundation for the moral and physical tyranny which is hourly menaced and daily more rigidly tightened and enforced. We cannot but dread a future of which such are the seeds. The probability, nay, the certitude is, that France will yet see many vicissitudes. Even if monarchy was decided upon in that country, monarchy has half-a-dosen pretenders, and, at least, • score of civil wars within itself. If these or any other parties proceed to open violence, the mili tary must be the umpires of the quarrel. If so, they will be masters. And here lire a whole cycle of revolutions. As the great preparation for such a future, we should think that a system of mutual respect, even in the midst of political antagonisms, ought to have been the first principle and example, established and set by the well bred and better in structed classes. But, on the contrary, no party is any country has ever given such example of unfair ness, insolence, and brutality, as the President and majority of the French National Assembly at the present time. Ties fate of DONALD DONOVAN and WALTER WATTS affords many migrations of serious import. The career of the latter points its eloquent moral— for the vain and the weak. A c3necience sacrificed to champagne-sup pers , and the pitiful ambition of playing the lord behind the scenes—a career of pam pered misery, wound up by suicide in a felon's closet! The acknowledged kindness of the man to all who were in any way connected with him, heightens the tragic darkness of the closing scene. His inordinate vanity, uncontrolled by strong prin ciple, gives at once a key to the career and the catastrophe. Rather death than the shame of a felon's banishment. Here is the argument contained in this trite history. How does it tally s ith the dogmas of those sagacious logicians who advocate the wholesome terrors of the scaffold? Death was clearly less terrible to him than the life of shame marked out for him by the law. It may be urged that there are special and peculiar circumstances connected with this case which remove it from the ordinary routine of crime; and that, therefore, no general argument can fairly be bawd upon it. Even if we admit this, an argument against the scaf fold remains in force, since there can be nothing special nor extraordinary in the came of DONOVAN. Ile began life as a pugilist—was, throughout his career, a low drunkard (though, according to hie brother's evidence at the inquest, a quiet and honest man when sober), and showed in his brutal behaviour towards his wife, that oebased state of moral feeling which is the most disheartening result of protra debauchery. Yet this man, bru'e as he undoubtedly was, as regards all moral sentiment, deliberately pre ferred the halter to the hulks. It is clear, therefore, that Norfolk Island had more terrors for him than the scaffold of the old Bailey. These two melancholy instances rmy well induce those gentlemen who side with Sir GEORGE GREY to reconsider their verdict on capital punishment. The rules of oar prison', which expressly guard against , suicide; which enjoin the removal of all instruments that may enable convicts to commit self murder, sad compel the vigilant supervision of the turnkeys, are only so many powerful arguments against the scaf fold. That men fear death only as children are afraid to go in the dark, is one of the wisest sentences that Lord Ream penned. The experience of a thou sand years goes to prove that there are many fears which master and overwhelm that of death. Perpetual solitude, irrevocable shame, life-long slavery, have greater terrors for most men than that mystery which hangs over all, whether criminal or I saint. Oar religion would teach us to regard the closing passage of our lives with gladness; our laws would paint that final hour only as the malefactor's heaviest doom. What says the malefactor in reply ? The scenes of the scaffold will remind us. He mounts the steps, for the most part, firmly. He is told to !fellers that he is going before a tribunal infinitely more merciful than that which ham doomed him to die ; he believes the teacher, and resigns himself quietly to his fate. Nineteen times out of twenty the world doses upon the doomed murderer in this fashion. In the prison he is regarded in the light ef a martyr. His crime is forgotten in the awe attend ing his doom. In the eyes of his fellow-prisoners, the halter has sanctified his memory : be is no longer a vulgar felon. The frequent attempts at suicide which may be set down in the history of our prisons (and a return of which would be a most useful and powerful document in the hands of the abolitionists) have not boa noticed in their true light. The lesson they should have taught has not been conned. No particular is terest has hitherto attached to these hapless suicides. Just as it is necessary that a person of distinction should have suffered by some abuse or some danger ous habit, before we may reasonably expect the re moral of that abase, or that a check will be put upon that habit, so in this instance gaol suicides have not excited the attention of the legislature, because no criminal of mark has yet been numbered with them. But now that two criminals have lain violent hands upon themselves within A hours of each other, and that one of them was a fallen gentleman, perhaps the import of these examples may suggest itself to the houses of parliament. They teach nothing if net, l that a sense of shame, a fear of degraded labour and rigid confinement, are as repulsive to the criminal mind, as the premature consummation of the mimes end of all of us. All who would approach this terri ble phase of criminal experience must be prepared to thro w aside those prejudices of society whM have set the criminal apart from his fellows, as a Greaten who has nothing in common with the rest el mankind. They must rather be prepared to admit with Dr. JOHNSON and the good BOZZHAAVE, that they have never met with a crime which they might net commit themselves=—that is to say, that they are sensible of a common nature, with even the most abject of their fellow-creatures. This benevolent view of guilt more merely =ducts to a tree theory set yst aloud; dine ue Iltai Gain"r wtiik uffee, bat we en on a fowl reek sad we sew owly regale, penweeneu. Coesoltdetiom aged& trisquillity, sad swiegibewles ef the guentmut—tbst Is what will gala epee up all *s Downes of salmi wealth owl prosperity. ream. 61IND6Y 311ININO. The debate of yesterday . on the stamp was highly interesting, and was signalised by two results of much importance. At one moment the principle of imposing a tax in proportion to the miss of the newspaper was on the point of being adopted, but two veterans of the prime, the editors of the Freak and Orrin, MM. Girardin and Chambolle, earns to the rescue, and adduced arguments in fewest of encourag ing large newspapen, which had due weight with the Assembly. - The di ff erential stamp duty proposed by M. Adelswaerd, and supported in a talented speech by M. de Vedanta% was thrown out, and a fixed duty, whin' was set at first at 8 centimes, then reduced to 6, and finally fixed at 6 with the consent of the committee, was voted by • small majority. The other result was still more important, for one of the most essential features of the bill, the infliction of a tax of 6 centimes ups. every sheet of publications on political or social subjects con taining lees than six sheets, was rejected by an im mense majority, in spite of the exertions of Baroche, the only orator in the cabinet, who tasked himself to the utmost to prove that there was no other way of dealing with the pest of socialist pamphlets. In the course of the debate on the first question, the impres sionable Assembly was greatly dazzled by a scheme of Oirardin for obliging all papers to publish en offi cial analysis of the debates in the Chamber, and of the proceedings of the courts of law. You are aware that as it te, the proofs of the Monikur are accessible to all papers, but they are given out so late as to be comparatively useless. In fact they are only digested, I I believe, by the Dlbato. Everyone seemed ready to ad , mit thegrossevil of the ocesided reports given by paper' of different colours; but it isnot obvious that this evil would be remedied by extending the functions of the ' official stenographers to the arbitrary task of digest ing a compendious report. It sufficed for the prac ' tical fioger of M. Cbombolle to test this plausible scheme, in order to dissipate the illusion. Girardin made use of an illustration so obviously sophistical, in maintaining that the abbreviated report should . be like the reduction of a picture, as to invite a refuta tion, somewhat elaborately logical, from Leon Faucher. Barthelemy St, Hilaire undertook the task of defend ing the interests of booksellers, by averting the threatened impost on non-periodical publications, Tne c immittte, having first levelled the tax at all works of less than 10 sheets, consented later to con fine it to books on social and political sub jects, and to reduce the number of sheets to six. This retreat unmasked the weakness of their position, and damaged their Ligaments. To fix a tax of 6 centimes upon a pamphlet of one sheet, of 12 upon two sheets, and so on up to six, and then sud denly to exempt publications of seven sheets and more from all tax whatever, seemed unaccountable upon any sound principle. The consequence would be to swell books to unreasonable dimensions, and to priors unattainable by the mass of readers. Baroche made a desperate stand for this iniquitous clause; but its mischievous tendency was so obvious to the sense of the house, that the extremes of Larcchejacqoelin and Pierre troax met in its condemnation, while M. Coquerel, a member of the Centre, dealt the finishing blow. Laroobejacquelin announced in the course of his speech that he and his friends would bring forward • motion for the repeal of the electoral law. With the object of obviating the inconveniences resulting from the rapidity with which bills for which urgency is voted are carried through the Chamber, MM. de Girard and Michant have presented a motion to enable the Assembly, upon the the demand of 20 members, and before the definitive vote upon the bill, to vote, without discussion, a fresh deliberation within three days. Yesterday the President set out at noon, accom panied by two aideeede-cimp, for the Chateau of C.impigne. The ministers Baroche, d'Hautponl, and Bineau, with General Chansarnier, Baron Roths child, and MM. Mold and Montalembert followed, after the termination of the Assembly's sitting, in • special train. The committee of initiative has proposed to refer the motion of General Grammont, for transposing the seat of government to Versailles, to a special com mission. The same committee has declared against taking into consideration the motion of General Fabvier for the release of Abd-el-Kader. The sugar bill presented by the Minister of Com merce is the repetition of that which has been already laid before the Council-general of Commerce at the Luxembourg. 'roe government proposes to reduce, from 1850, the additional tax on foreign sugars from 201 r. to 13fr. per 100 kilns. From the same date the duty on colonial or native sugar would be. reduced from 45fr. to 40fr. For the year 1851, 52, 53, the duty upon sugars of whatever origin would be reduced 5.r. every year. The government proposes also a gradual diminution in tee duty on coffee from 95fr. per 100 kilos. to 601 r. The Day of Tunis has accredited to the Preach government an extraordinary envoy, who is just ar rived, end is the bearer of magnificent presents for the ambassadors of the several courts. The Day's repre sentative appears nightly at the theatres, accompanied by M. de Lesseps, with whom he is on terms of much intimacy. M. Poitevin is to make to-day smother balloon ascent on horseback. The treaty between France and Spain, for extra dition, is concluded, and only waits the ratification of the French government. The Moniteur of the army maintains that nothing has yet been settled about the camp, which is to be established at Versailles, iurthcr than the general plan. The Paine, on the other hand, communicates the closest details of this design. This is accepted as another indication of the dissensions between Chan gamier and d'Hautpoul ; and while a minister so re pugnant to the commander-in-chief is maintained in aloe, all the assurances given concerning the har mony prevailing between the President and General Changarnier, or between the President and the ma jority whose might is represented by Changarnier, Inset be regarded as mere dust flung in the eyes of the public. The distinguished Italian refugees, Montanelli, Mania, Saliceti, Pianciani, Mazzoni, Amari, and Accursi, have addrreeed a letter to the Pro see, pro testing against a calumnious correspondence in the Putr.e, which describes the features of an atrocious conspiracy, including plans for assassinating the lead ing ministers in Europe, and attributes the chief part in these machinations to Mezzini and the chiefs oft• 'ltalian emigration in France and England. for 1 ITALY. TUSCANY. We read the following in the Corriere Mercantile of Genoa of the Bth :—" Our letters from the Romagna inform as that the band of a brigand called II passatore has iccreaseed to an unusual number, that it invades both the Romagna and Tuscany, levies contributions, disarms end incorporates piquet. of revenue officers ' and soldiers in its ranks, and now, receiving continual i increase from the desertion of pontifical troops and dismissed functionaries, has assumed the colour of a strong political guerilla. Several engagements have been fought by it against the Austrian troops; one, in particular, near Perugia, where the Austrians I were beaten. The Tuscan government, justly alarmed, has sent troops to the frontiers. The following anecdote is related :—A detach ment of Tuscan Velites met with a party of the band of Passatore. The chiefs on both sides held a parley, in whioh the brigand told the Tuscan o a cer that he had no intention of spilling Italian blood, but that all he wanted was Austrian blood. If you choose,' added he, 'to fight us, do so ; we shall only defend gergelvea: The Tuscan officer, surprised at these sentiments, retired. It is said that the bands of it mana are in secret communication with other bands in the Abruzzi. That of Psssatore is about 700 strong. The Austrian general hes issued a moat severe procla mation, similar to that of Cleo. Manhes, in Calabria, in the time of Napoleon, and threatening with court martial whoever is guilty of affording shelter, water, or fire to the brigands, or even dote not denounce their movement.. " TURIN. Advice' of the 10th jut. announce that in a few days the parliamentary session will be closed. Naw Cmuicula.—By a return printed on Saturday, it is shown that the charge. and expenses of the commission ers fey building new chamber, amounted, in the year ending the 25th March last, to 3,3871. 12e., exclusive of 6691. 4s. Id., for law onto, whlch wore not paid for want of fug& GERMANY. PRUSSIA. , JOLT 11. It hu been mentioned in a former ßllßLlN letter that the treaty of peace with Denmark, when communicated to the governments of Germany for their ratifloatios, was accompanied by a memorial from the Prussian government, explatuing the motives of the govern ment in concluding the pew, end analysing the con tents of the six articled. I have seen a copy of this memorial, and have been permitted to make a summary of its contents. It com mences with a brief sketch of the negotia tions from their commencement. Lord Palmer- ston's proposals, made in the autumn of 1848, having been rejected, Denmark proposed that Schleswig should be independent. England sup ported this proposal, and it was agreed to by the central fed-ral power in February 1849. This basis, however, upon which the Berlin treaty et the 10th July, 1849, was founded, was explained very diffe rentlyby Prussia and Denmark, and it became im posetbk to arrive at any settlement even with respect to the future relations of Holstein and Lsoenburg to Germany. Presets, in consequence, proposed, on the 17th of April, through Herr von Usedom, the simple peace, with the full reservation of the rights of both parties. Upon the basis of this treaty was concluded the peace of the tad of July, in the name of the Ger manic Confederation. In this part of the memorial great stress is laid upon the fact that Prussia has all along been acting as the agent of that body, and not in her own behalf. It then proceeds to analyse the cantants of the treaty of peace. The two first articles contain the forms until to such documents. The third, in reserving the rights of both putts., includes the federal resolutions adopted previous to the war on the 17th September, 1846. The fourth refers to the manner in which the settlement of the question in dispute between the Duchies and Denmark shall be developed. Though not mentioned in the peace itself, conciliatory offers are expected to be made to the Duchies by Denmark. If they prove unsuccessful, the sovereign will seek to restore the execution of his legitimate authority, and the Duchies to defend their rights by different means, lint if peace is to exist between Denmark and Ger many, the latter ought properly to prevent Holstein from taking part in the war of Schleswig with Den mark, if the Schleswig question comes to be decided by force of arms. Under the existing circumstances, it could only be effected by military measures, and in order not to put such measures in force, the con federation permits the existing " warlike solidity " of the Duchies (which means that the Schles wig-Holstein army in its present strength, or increased by further reserves, is permitted, unhindered by Germany, to defend the rights of the duchies against Denmark). This permission requires that an exception should be made to the general regulations cf the relations of Germany with Holstein, and it has. therefore, been conceded to the king-duke to extend his military operations from Schleswig into Holstein, a federal territory. This permission is, however, con ditional. Previously to any attempt to reinstate his le gitimate authority in Holstein (the word order is not mployed, much against the wishes of the Danes, who wished to stamp the condition of the duchies as A iffruhr rebellion"), the king-duke mast communi cate to the confederation his intentions respecting the pacification of the country. and the terms he intends to offer them. After the conchnicn cf the peace, the confederation cannot return unanswered the conse quent communications, while, until it was concluded, tierr von Bulow certainly could not be received in Frankfort. The competency of the confederation to interfere is clearly reserved, and it is left entirely to its discretion to do so. The fifth article refers to the frontiers between H,letein and Scbleswig, and tte sixth to the ratifications. Braxix, JULY I3.—Voluntary National Debt, 8 Commercial Marina Society's Premium, 10)1, Bank Shares, 93i. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, JILT 9: Astonishment is a mild term by which 'to describe the feeling generally pervading Vienna to-day, in cocsegoence of the following official announcement in the Weiner Zeitung : On the proposition of the ministerial couccil his Majesty has decided, by his order of the Pith instant, to remove Gen Haynau from his position as commander-in chief of the third division of the army, and to deprive him of the full powers granted him in Hungary, in constquenca of the ex isting exceptional state of things. _ _ - - - Not a soul in Vienna was prepared for such a mi- 4 nisterial measure. The official de.cree contains no xpressions calculated to render the bitter pill for General Haynau at all palatable ; it is drawn up in the eldest possible manner. Ilsynan's disgrace must be considered complete. The public, and especially the officers of the garrison, are puzzling themselves to account for it. The explanation is not difficult to find. For some time differences of opinion and slight unplessyntnesses have often occurred between the ministry and those generals who, holding the command in-chief in the several provinces in which the state of siege continues, possess, in fact, an incredible degree of power, to some extent independent of the central government. Several of them have indeed forgotten aloogether the obedience due to ministerial orders, and have go. verned within their provinces with perfect disregard of all controul. VIENNA. JULY 1-'.—Five per Cent. hietalliques, 9tl; Foxe per Cents., 841. Bank Soarer, 1,134. Eachangs on Frankfort, 1131. Exchange on London, 11 51. THE EULGARIAN INSURRECTION. Letters have been received in Vienna from Semlin, to the sth inst. Omer P.scha had not marched into Bosnia with the Turkish army under his command, but with one division had marched towards Nissa, with the two c- , mmissioners from Constantinople, to inquire into the cause of the Bulgarian insurrection. It was believed that the insurrection originated really in the tyranny and oppression of the Turkish officials, but that when it had broken out Russian emissaries htd done all in their power to foment and increase the feeling against the goverment. 'fhe fact of \Viddin bring surrounded by the insurgents was con firmed. The insurgents were reported to have in creased in number. Thirty-five thousand men were reported under arms. The chief points at which they were collected are Nissa, Sofia, and Filirpel. Com munications are interrupted in all directtoss. DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. The two following proclamations hate been issued at Kiel, by the S'aathalterschaft : As the protocol agreed upon between the governments of Prussia and Denmark, and ratified by the respective parties on the 6th inst., allows the Danish government to commence hostil ties against the Duch of Schleswig on the lith, the officials of all the towns on the coast and rivers of the Duohy are hereby required to inform all traders and persons em ployed in shipping of this fact, that they may place their vessels and boats, with their cargoes, in safety. Kiel, July S. As information has been given to the Derertment of the Interior, that a great number of foreigners and politically suspicious p, coons have taken up their residence in the Duchies, and as the presont position of the country renders, auy disturbance of the public peace especially dangerous, the police generally is hereby directed to send across the frontiers with a compulsory passport all persons dismissed from Mikity service, and all those foreign• re who cannot give a satisfactory account of the purpose of their residence, or prove that they have at their command ample means for supporting themselves. Kiel, July 8. In Schleswig M. Schow is named Chief of the Col lective Police of the Duchies, as during the expected hostilities a strict surveillance will be necessary over the expected inroad of " occupationless vagabonds," who generally flock to a seat of war, and M. Schow is considered fit for the harsh duties requited. The following anticipation of the next measures to be adopted by the Danish government has been published : The Danish army will advance from Alien and Jutland noon Flensburg, and from thence issue two proclamations — one to the Schleswig-Holstein army, the other to the inhabitants of the two duchies sep ly. In the procla mation ti the army the officers and soldiers will be sum owed to lay down their arms, or to join the Danish flsg. soder the promise that the native officers who have entered the army since the lith of March, ISIS, will be amnestied, and the soldiers dismis-ed to their homes. What is to be done with those °Moen who were in the serv:ce previous to the above dote is not known; the same may bo said of the fo reign odious, whir, however, would probably he amply emhiered. The proclam rs etion to the SAllesinge state the measures to be takes by the government foe the orgasisatien of that Duchy. Among themwill be the sum moniag an Assembly of Notables, consisting of an equal number of Schleswigers and Danes, to allow up and f uture sreven to the Danish government pmons for Me regulation et the affairs of pro the m Daisy. Similar promisee will be held oat to At tits tame time a gov*rnatent for Schiele, 1,;1 .• b named, and another for H o l ste i n, the head of w h i c h ich eri he either Prince Ferdinand o f D enmark or Couto Moltke, under tae double title of Gov , rnor of geb1i.,,,, ; t s Stattholder of Holstein; but (It is added) the ee1. , ;;,!: the person who is to fill this eke hes not yet been 4, - "g t . ,l' tively 'stied la Copenhagen. At the *erne time it is Dm: bible that for a time th e Danish government mrodo, a Betagerungs-Zoncoid, or state of sieg e , i s the D ar op q ua and Pots d am theurebues of Holstein flour havearmy. been made in li er q a for ACCOUCHEMENT OF THE QUEEN OF SPAIN. The Queen of Spain was delivered on F r id ay, t ti e 12th inst., at four o'clock in the aft ernoon, of a Cal,e child, which lived only a few minutes. The telegraphic dPapatch, communicating t h e telligence to the French government, n e t ts o ut i " the health of the Queen n good." NIALMID, Jett • p i An event has taken place in th e Ileaqcs p,c,vice that has given the measure of the u npopularity ,f General Narvaez. According to the " fueros" those provinces Juntu have been artFt mbled at Vs. gera to elect a deputy-general. The mutieipeite Vergers proposed General /arvatz es candidate,' Hs was rejected by a large majority. Thin defeat is 00 much the more unpalatable to the presider of thr Council on account of General Espartero baring he el chosen in the year 1839. MADRID, JOLT 6.—Three per Ceuta., 331 ; after E.:,% 33 7-16 cash, a paper. Your per Cent , ., 1 2.! " 0. per Cents, 1213.18 cult ; after Boles, 12! eaah, 1 ;.Ir, salves 31 cash ; after Wan. 31 evil C,,p ee ,, 7. d er Beak of Bt. Ferdinand, 541 tub. E z th ang , it dip 60.40 paper. PENINSULAR MAILs AMERICAN CLAIMS ON PORTUGAL. The Peninsular Mail Packet Nlontrae, Bowen, arrived at Southampton yrs. fr yh y af ter ,, with the I'eninsnLr mailc, Were tattled ur. the charge of Lieutenant Langton, RN , Ad m ,: rs agent. The Montrose brings news from to the 9:h inst. The Portuguese governmett, for the sake of pest has admitted the American claim; except that of privateer left to arbitration. The America' ship; war were to sail in a couple of days. The British seitudron goes to Gibraltar f,r p t sions. It was supposed the law respecting th e p, would pess both Ciambers, which were •n b. the 1•i;h inst. The Queen was gone to (: Exchange, 541. Miscount, List. Bank note::: per cent. From Cadiz we learn that the civil governor', been dismissed, and a note of his d:smai,sa: places upon the archives of that city, in tonne•. ie of his imprisoning Lieutenant Rainier, the .this: agent. The Spaniards had formed a small squadron of sail at Cadiz, to sail shortly for the Mediternittar, the practice of the younger officers of the service. A steamer was held in readiness to start fcr Havana immediately upon the accouchcmect Majesty. From Gibraltar we find that the Victoria at bert yacht arrived there on the 4th in 2.. from Lisbon, and in the lest part of her Toys.: experienced a very heavy Levanter or caster:y The following is the letter of our Li&b pondent: LISBON, J The American claims have much government, and h eve ceased great te.easires9 trade. Many councils of state have beea cint:s and besides the councillors some other author; were called. Ministers have been queel•i chambers on the subject ; in the peers by Lavradio, who being an inveterate enemy ministry, assailed them. Tte minister dce.iced enter into explanations, not to injure the pe7..i negotiations, but vigorously repelled the attack,. asked him if, having on several occasions formed t of the cabinet, he had heard of them ? The Palmelle, and Saldechs, bath having at times t part of several administrations, solemnly declarer: such claims had been dormant. The government... having maturely considered the subject, consul:e,l. corps diplomatic and others proper to gi. e such a case for the gold of peace, and withmi: lag in the details of the more or less or to j..:57 some of the claims, egret dto them, except the :: • privateer, it having reference to a third pager. government enters, I am told, in some very remarks, in their repay ; the two Americic •: • war are to sail with the answer it. a c• uple the British squadron, Commodore Martin, i, • on the same day to Gibraltar for provisicts. azd n. be back in a few days. I Oct the 29 , 11 ult. the Tagus was vleetO I royal yacht Victoria and Albert. after tee sc. Ipassage of 03 hour- and 20 minutes from to. Mess water at Plymouth to Belem Castle. 'l -e the vessel completely amazed the inheb':l7 . :t . visited the yacht, and highly speak ci' shown to them by the noble comitisn,:tr • Lord A, Fitz:latency) and the officers on board. t he 1 of Saxe Weimar has been on board, an.! rent with the greatest affability tilts., who wo to him. Toe duke and Lord A. Cintra on the Ist inst., returned on the 2 parted on the morning of the :;rd for thbraltar Stromboli had not such a tine li:issue. left on the same day. lam strry to Fr cessity to report that fresh tu:canLr.tandingi hat. taken place between some o::.•ers „t the tteet and inhabitants on the south t the 'Vague. fault has not been on the part et the otiiNrs. of whom received contusions. passed T A h ls e w e t ex penditure has Deputies,n d passed iea i u mh d ap i ro v es a is y ni s ga anti as m il • d a r n to s t: i p f:c ev r4 . l ::: : , - . arm all imports and exports in the i•land of Miguel, to be applied to the erection of a dxk. ordering the duty imposed upon the tonna,:e vessels visiting the island for the support of the es:,l dock, once made. ”..ed in th :e 1).1k raa. ae t hooch tth der the r.e SIR ROBERT PEEL'S TESTIMONIIL AND POLICE —We encierstand that, in admiration of the char ter of this ensitent statesman, and as bine the Etunder of Pe police system, the various =east,-re of the City of Londo: police force have voluntarily eubs:rihd halt a d..s . 's pay t: wards such testisocisl Nearly has been already to ecived. It is expered that on Wednesday nett a similc collection will be mule throughout the police districts of th, metropolitan force. TILE CONVICT PATE has been remorea to the bank Prison. We learn th it he has not been subjected t tt , sisnA prison discipline. It, has nei•.hcrbad his hair .r0,q , l nor have his clothes been changed ; and instead placed in a cell, he has been permitted to °teary a ro:ra 'Toting to as °dicer of the prison. Why is this —• . TEI.M. AND SENT ENCE CE SMEF.TON, T ISO SOCISTIES rhiFILULTV.Ii —At the tieneral *lons held at Ipswich benne Mr. 11 lower, Thomas Enteston was indicted for numerous lute clement. The prisver acted as icctetary to two hi investment societies, and in that .apacity he auto appropriating to himself a large amount of dme•ton obtained some coterie . y in the town he forth on the teetotal system and beteMing a prev.. Baptist chapel. Ile introduced himaelt to sere ne e e, society, and we understand he was the first pr . .l" project two societies called the East Analisit Investment Company and the tludda. in t / and luvestment Compasy, he bacoming b o th. Matters went on presperously e nough si until about last March, when a review of the sce:ur.nte a' bited serious de fi ciencies on the part review the pitsone this he suddenly absc onded front dui town. cp.and tr'.•l to London, and , after some diglaspy, was brought back. Ito was atraigned upon no fewe aest r tho , i n di ctmen ts. The one upon which he was c5...,1 tar steeliest a banker's cltegtle for 171 . William Henry Alexander and ti.ry n trustees of the ast Anglian Saciety, w ith intent 0 fraud John Fuller , a shareholder. In the c ourse of Fe1e...1 Fuller scut a notice to Erneeton to the elf. Was et that it:.. he:. I. desir.us of s i lting hie share. For the he stit . a coa ,, , r : rec.ive 124. dd. He afterwards sent in stand, however, but it was not laid ',elute the trit•te,. accordance with Fuller's previous order • cheque hat to Smeeton for the amount, but Fuller nicer te. Sad Ily the comn's books it id not apear that r i urar withdrawn his y share. The d Recorderp bevies suintin it; the jury returned a verdict of The "nte n " ~r it s+ court was, that he be transported be y ond these f o r the of ten years. TUB ADMINISTRATION OY CRIMINAL. Saturday the bill for further impraving the iitsei ti etei,,l Of admiral justice SS amended, Wes printed. it nos s taus 23 clause, and is to be further considertd to-day k hlf . day) in the House of Commons, havinit altreaf l 4 ""' " House of Lords. It is one 0 1..v.11?-imp silC+ mantes to remove detects from criminal jutvii"4"We' the 7f Va, 1 e , e It Gf of of le eo he en ge, t i 41. ;der :2 LCD. of , 7ell oh r Lae fft letce rh.ti r • . no. A' • t'e t 59 :7 7.ktd,