The Press. — London, England, 1854-08-19 00:00:00

AUGUST 19, 1854. took place on the Bth, with a certain degree of solemnity, and the news of the event spread rapidly, producing on the public an impression as favourable as it was profound." The Austrian Cabinet actually despatched the long•talked•of note to St. Petersburg on the 10th inst. by a special courier. In this message Austria demands of Russia the following guarantees as a basis for the re-establishment of peace:-1. The im mediate evacuation of Moldavia and Wallachia. 2. The voluntary surrender of Russia's protectorate over these principalities and Servia. 3. Ample securities for the future free navigation of the Sulina mouths of the Danube. 4. A new and more satisfactory arrangement with respect to the patronage hitherto exercised by Russia over the Orthodox Church in Turkey. 5. A revision of the treaty of 1841. Letters from Munich bring intelligence of the death of Baron Stockmar on the 11th inst., at that place, in his 03rd year. The King of the Belgians, sad all members of the Saxe-Coburg family, have lost in M. de Stockmar a most devoted servitor. SWEDEN. The great Swedish electric telegraph line is now open also to Hthingborg. It only remains to lay down a wire over the Sound, and connect the Danish and Swedish lines. But this is more easily said than done. It is not the distance which is the objection, for this is comparatively trifling ; it is the immense number of vessels daily passing and repassing, and anchoring in all directions. It is almost impossible to find a station moderately secure. Most likely it will have to be taken lower down, even if the length of line should be thereby greatly increased. Under these circumstances, perhaps the junction will not take place this year, or at all events not before the autumn. ITALY. The Parma Gazette announces officially the con demnation to death, as parties in the late insurrec tion, of five persons, the oldest of whom under twenty eight years of age, and three of whom belonged to the royal guard. The sentence,in the case of one of the condemned, has been commuted to twenty years' im prisonment, in consequence of the proofs that he had given of sincere repentance. The others had been carried into execution. A physician, named Rosehi, aged fifty-one, was tried at the same time as the others, and acquitted. The fete of the Emperor Napoleon was celebrated with great pomp in Turin. There was first a reli gious service, and subsequently a diplomatic dinner, at the hotel of the French Minister. SPAIN. lIMINI The decree for the convocation of the Constituent Cortes has been published this day. It contains the declaration that the dynastic question cannot be made a subject of discussion therein. There will be but one chamber. The Cortes is to meet on the Bth of November. One deputy for every 35,000 souls is to be elected. The elections will take place accord ing to the law of 1837. The effect of this decision is to do away with the existing Senate, whose mem bers were senators for life. According to the con stitution of 1837, senators are chosen by the same t.anstituencies that elect deputies. Thrice the num ber required are named, and cut of each three the Crown selects one. The state of things improves in Madrid. The Governmentis buying back the arms which were in the hands of the civil population, and already 2,500 muskets have been taken to the arsenal. General Dulce arrived in the capital on the 9th inst. It was supposed that he would be appointed Captain-General of Catalonia. A complete change has taken place in the per sonnel of the Queen's household, not however without strenuous opposition on her Majesty's part. She is said to have declared that she considered her• self as no longer reigning, but kept a prisoner in the palace. A Madrid letter of the 11th inst., in the Pressr, states that Queen Christina has resolved to enter into a convent until the Cortes shall have decided as to what is to be done respecting her. The same letter informs us that M. Salamanca has been set at liberty, and is now at Malaga, occupied with the affairs of the railroad. The Embassy to Vienna has been offered to Senor Mon, nut declined by him. It is expected that General Infante will refuse that to Rome, and that Senor Pacheco will probably go there. He NM there before in that capacity for a short time. • The state of Catalonia continues to cause uneasi ness to the Government. Serious disturbances had broken out at Tortosa, where the mob burst into the Town •halt and massacred the secretary. His mutilated corpse was afterwards dragged through the streets and thrown into the river. Two workmen sentenced to death in Barcelona, as ringleaders of the rioters who entered the manufac tories working by steam and threatened the workmen, have been executed. The manufactories have recom•• meneed working, and confidence is returning. THE PRESS. PORTUGAL. The project for a railway from Aldea Galega to Vendas Novas has been approved of by the Chamber, and will be submitted to public competition. It will be carried a distance of nearly thirty six miles over a tract of land which presents no great engineering diffi culties. The Government wilt make a subvention of eight contos., about 1,8001. per kilometre, and supply all the timber requisite for the enterprise. TURKEY. Marshal de St. Arnaud art ived in Constantinople on the 31st ult., and returned on the 2nd to Varna, afters conference with the Sultan. Madame de St. Arnaud has been introduced to the Sultan, who pre sented her with a very valuable necklace. On the 4th inst. an offensive and defensive alliance was concluded between the Porte and Schamyl, who is stated to have offered the Sultan 50,000 men if he would recognise the independence of the Caucasus. It is said that Schamyl has obtained a great victory over the Russians ; but according to Russian reports, General Wrangel had advanced with the Russian troops from Erivan, and defeated the Turks ti..ar Bayazid with great slaughter. According to intelligence from Bucharest, of the oth August, a deputation of Boyards has gone to welcome Omer Pacha. The watches are composed of Turks and Wallachians conjointly. Zadig Pacha has as sumed the military governorship of thetown. Among the followers of the Turkish army area great number of renegades and refugees, who, however, it was ex pected would be shortly ejected from Bucharest. The Akbar of Algiers announces that the Emperor of Morocco lately convoked a Grand Divan, to whom he announced his intention to place at the disposal of the S al tan, during the present war, an annual subsidy of 3J million piastres and 12,000 horses. The Divan, the Cherifs, and the population generally loudly ap proved of the determination of Abderrahman, who has already sent nine millions to Constantinople, on board a Portuguese steamer, and is freighting mer chant vessels for the conveyance of the horses. ing to the law of 1837. The effect is to do away with the existing Sena bers were senators for life. Accordi stitution of 1837, senators are chos v.3nstituencies that elect deputies. '1 her required are named, and out of Crown selects one. The state of things improves in Government is buying back the arms the hands of the civil population, an muskets have been taken to the ar. Dulce arrived in the capital on the 0 supposed that he would be appointed of Catalonia. A complete change has taken p sonnet of the Queen's household without strenuous opposition on he She is said to have declared that she self as no longer reigning, but kept I palace. A Madrid letter of the 11th inst states that Queen Christina has r into a convent until the Cortes sh as to what is to be done respecting letter informs us that. M. Salamanca liberty, and is now at Malaga, of affairs of the railroad. The Embassy to Vienna has 1 Senor Mon, nut declined by him. that General Infante will refuse th that Senor Pacheco will probably g( there before in that capacity for a st The state of Catalonia continues ness to the Government. Serious broken out at Tortosa, where the the Town •hail and massacred the mutilated corpse was afterwards the streets and thrown into the rive Two workmen sentenced to deati ringleaders of the rioters who enter , tones working by steam and tbreate have been executed. The minuted ineneed working, and confidence is _ _ RUSSIA. The Prussian Correspondence announces, under the head of " Tilsit," that a new levy of recruits is about to be ordered throughout the Russian empire. This will be the fifth since the commencement of the Oriental complications, and will raise the total amount drawn to about forty per 1,000 souls. This shows the enormous wear and tear, and that the re serves are already exhausted. The Russian Guard and its reserves are advan cing by forced marches towards the southern fron tier. Prince Paskiewitsch returned to Warsaw on the 14th, and again takes command of the southern army. The St. Petersburg correspondent of the Presse writes from thence, under date of the oth inst.:— " On the Ist the English prisoners captured at the attack on Gamla Karleby arrived at Helsingfors, escorted by a detachment of Cossacks. The Emperor has thanked the mercantile community of Odessa, through General Osten•Sacken, for their offer to establish a telegraphic communication between that town and Otschakotf. Not a word about peace is uttered here ; and, if any one wishes it, he dare not express his thoughts, as the old Russian war party entirely governs public opinion. The voluntary con• tributions do not seem to flow so plentifully as heretofore, fur lately only some isolated gifts have been announced." The St. Petersburg Journal of the 10th contains Count Nesselrode's despatch to Prince Lieven written in January, 1830, in reply to Lord Aberdeen's despatch. The Moniteur contains a letter from Bagdad, in timating that the new Russian Envoy was shortly expected at Teheran, laden with gold and valuable presents for the Shah and his Ministers; but that the attempt to win over the ..iovernment to the cause of the Czar was not likely to succeed, the Court having received the overtures and advances of Russia with great coolness. GREECE. An Athens despatch of the 11th states :—The British Minister has signified to General Kalergis the satisfaction of Queen Victoria at the measures taken for the pacification of Greece. King Otho has not accepted the plan proposed by the General for the reorganisation of the army. Kalergis has gone to the camp of the allies at the Piraeus. Metaxas and his accomplices have been tried and acquitted. EGYPT. Accounts from Alexandria of the 2nd inform us that Said Pacha, the new viceroy, has abolished the duties for home consumption on corn, and has exonerated the fellahs from the pasture duties for lands cultivated with wheat. The quantity of corn which will be thrown open for export by this mea sure is estimated at 500,000 arrobas. M. K►enig, the ex-French preceptor of Said Pacha, is appointed to be the chief of his secretariat. Mr. Green, an Englishman, is appointed director of transit. The foreign officers of instruction are to be recalled to devote their talents to the army, which is numerous, but badly disciplined. The public debt is to be liquidated by the sala of the depiA of merchtindise; ?75 Said Pacha's principle difficulty is want of money, the finances of the country being very low, and the public treasury empty. The debts of the Govern ment are, however, unimportant, 200,004. being tLe highest sum estimated for arrears due to the army, navy, officials, and to the trade; but the demands of the Sultan will cause a constant drain on the finances of Egpyt; and on Said Pacha's investiture of authority at Constantinople be will be expected to disburse very large sums of money, not less than 100,(XX)L sterling. The tribute due by Egypt to the Sublime Porte is paid up to the !resent time, and the expenses for the construction of the railway, the only public work now in progress, are also paid to the day. UNITED STATES. The Pacific has arrived with the New York mail of the sth inst. The Colonial Reciprocity Treaty was ratified by the Senate on the 2nd without amendment. Con gress bad postponed its adjournment until the 7th inst. The destruction of Greytown occupies much pub lic attention. The conduct of Captain Hollins is much blamed by the New York press. The otficiii correspondence shows that the responsibility re 4 S with the American Government. The Washiniton Union recommends granting ten millions to therm sident to enable him to settle the Spanish did: Pities or to commence war. Another messenger is said to have & Tired at Washington from St. Petersburg, with :till power to treat for tha sale of Sitka. To this preposition the American journals add another for oujing Van couver's Island from the English. There was a dreadful gas explosion at New York on the 29th ult. Three persons kilted, and thirteen wounded. The cholera was still :aging, and on the increase in that city. Besides a heavy failure at Boston in the shoe trade, with liabilities to the extent of 300,000 dols., a still more serious suspension has occurred in Philadel phia, Mr. Tucker, President of the Reading Railroad Company, having stopped payment for the present, in his privates affairs, for a million and a half. The cause of this calamity ii understood to be the failure of an extensive iron company, with which be was largely connected in bill transactions. A horrible tragedy has been enacted in New Orleans. An altercation took place between Colonel Charles Loring, of California, and a gentleman named Robert M. Graham, of New Orleans, who ran a sword-cane through the body of the former, killing him on the spot. Colonel Loring was a man of high standing in California. Mr. Graham has been fully committed for trial for the murder. The editor of the Daily Freeman, of Brooklyn, J. N. T. Tucker, while in a state of temporary de rangement, or drunkenness, it is hardly known which, murdered one of his children ; and his wife, in endeavouring to save a second, was terribly wounded. It is hoped, however, she will recover. CAN ADA. Up to the Ist inst. the returns of the elections in Canada showed the election of 64 Reformers and 22 Conservatives. Mr. Hincks, the Premier, has been returned by two constituencies by large majorities. The new Parliament will be ready for assembling in September, and it is intended to make the opening of the Richmond and Quebec section (100 miles in length) coincident with this event, so that the mem bers may come over the rail in a four or five hours' trip from Montreal to Quebec, a distance of 180 miles. A telegraphic despatch from Quebec announces tl►e death, on the 24th ult., by cholera, of Colonel Hogarth, commanding the 26th Regiment of British Infantry. He was in command of the regiment during the Gavazzi riot. WEST INDIES. A West India mail arrived on Wednesday, bring ing news of a very distressing nature. The cholera continued its ravages at Barbadoes, Grenada, St.. Lucia, Trinidad, and Jamaica; but at the latter island it was not near so virulent as it had been. At Demerara it had not male its appearance. The commercial reports from Jamaica represent the note panic to still exist. This paper was at a discount of 7i per cent., and of course produced much embar rassment. The supply of labour wag deficient, and the mercantile community had suffered heavy losses by the bombardment of Greytown by the American vessel Cyan. Business is reported to be generally dull at all the islands, arising partly from the pre • Bence of cholera. AFRICA. The African Mail Company's steam-ship Bacchante, arrived at Plymouth on Thursday. She left Sierra Leone July 22. Bathurst 27, Teneriffe August 5, and fd!uleira K. She brings no news, but has on board fourteen passengers, among whom are the Rev. Mr. Rhodes and family, and Lieutenant Kerr of the 3d West India Regiment, from Sierra Leonio. I