The Express. — London, England, 1861-06-17 00:00:00

0-, 2 GEO. !NITS AND CNI.N. PURI EXTRAC'r ,j CALVES' FEET, rot Invalids awl Culinary I'm. SKI Mat. k.. t' auil I• lockets, At utl chemists. Off Orel.. hr. JIANUNACTORV. a, Ur I LE PIM I LAS NugentK. W. EC/ONO-HAND PIANOFORTES.. Ck ‘lll be. butt. mad Co. have a Wits or primal& of so r omib m id 1....,b.cfra, by Ow ssisessol makers at pew, redee..l llogwobsty•st. .OYSSI:I4 II Y DI LOSTATIC TEA and COFFEE i • Eit o I. -1 to moo raps, larotig and bright. iu iron• ht. Ur at vaTto wold. Vroot be. Everylvh-re. etlLLlAsonst, lt.tiamost-street, FIC. ght erairtoo. fo_ 41. 1 1 It AFSPLIN DILVTR. ___ Adivritireuesats lalasde,l fur "Tb. kaprase' Loalna Ironing Paper. WTI 1.0 at the °Mak 10. lloaveriminera, by Taw Vaark on thy Jag of publication. u ~vMAr.K r. Trrn Mirtrin, THE IrVltln %ND ►JW7TL Wr. and Mr. r. 11.Ahrst.—Trit. ADVENTUItLi rib' AWV LITTER Mr ant Yr. C. `lll:bews. 111 UALJCIAN ►'EII Sit. M.A... Ledo', &,w l ills,Vatusy Wrijit.—thrimoste at T. _PRI 'CI'IMWI • -. Twts Tfit*Til AND VICTION. 111,. r. 111 Ittl.ors ft. l Mr , 1.. '..1 -And 11.%%11.1.1. Avon. Y%c64 r, 1:),I. r. 11. rut t•I an, lisoluirs. sal Putter; LW Eus...lllky Awl Mis• WIT. ./ AAI DN. Tnii Evrmtla. LPN fiti \'G] lll4 IMF VOTAOK-111 201 1.1. s YAI IS. I. Ilie..lnoy sod M.ilk. Gouar••7 had 114 U. Thule - MAI LIG SAWS DI 11.13:111:1( I L. I*. IR.. rstc a • quarterpast NRITA II! I A. TIM IrrelW. THY. ri lAT TYRANT. Tbr Lillie Wonder Mos Latin rim...b..- Manisa( by Mr. W. M. rarkinand and Mr. 0. ntrlney. —1411. Y .0 . %ult Al.vhialos Tama& and a. LUIS. —Airl VISOR:NILS MY ST RA.+bU l 11.;. If ion wtlLti AT LHXDON MUDD& TENT DAT —U..rn.ng. blialovii: Vb. 55 IS. Vb. •Itairsess. Vb. :air. LONDON, MONDAY, JUNE 17. I r we may jutli ; e front the report& received during the last fete months from the various de partments of husliii.s througheut the kingdom, there will he LIU Conlithilee in trade until the Connie of affairs in nitric% becomes morn clearly defined. Tie American revolution may be divided into three dieticrt Thu first is past: it was that of del ute and secession, with some prospect of a compromise all the while. We are now in the second st3gu—that of settled hostility between the two *adieus of the Union, extensive preparations fur a deadly struggle, and mutual njection of every idea of arram,ement. Should the revolution pass into the third stage, it will of course he that of actual war. Now, it frequently happens that the anticipation of a calamity has a mare pernicious effect upon trade than its actual omurnintrs. When the storm bursts upon the hark of tonne next she rides through it with safety and comparative ease, provided everything has betas made trim and taut. It is just pos sible that, when armies of brothers rush against each other in America, urged by that deadliest of all animosities--ea• cial hate—trade, long prepared for the spectacle, may view it calmly. But at pre sent there can be no confidence that such will be the case. Thu interests at stake are vaster than is generally acknowledged. When the climax of the Jrisis is reached, we bliall see our way more clearly. Trade will I:ri relesised from its attitude of ex pectancy, which incaus inaction. It will be some encouragement evil to know the wont that can happen. Meanwhile, the depressing effects upon our home industry are observable at every turn. "It is but " • small satisfaction to Lancashire manufacturers," observes • sensible commercial circular, after re counting the decrease in the exports of goods to America, "if an increase should take place in war " requirements and cannon-balls." These cer tainly are not the means by which an adverse ba lance of trade can be sot straight. The burthen of the accounts from America is comprised in the expressive remark that "Economy marks every " one's habits ; and every yard of prints—let " alone silks"—(note the difference between what is necessary and what is luxurious) "that can be " dispensed with is left on the hands of the store " keepers." If America is going to pour her wealth into tho bottomless gulf of war, she has indeed need to economise in every other direction. She does well to wear " prints" and leave off silks, for she will have occasion for all her re sources. As regards the complete disorganization which prevails in every branch of trade in Ame rica, interesting testimony may be gathered by the most cursory glance at the commercial reports. " Considerable accommodation," says one n owt New York account, " has to be granted to " the jobbing trade" (a branch closely connected with British manufactures) "both of the city and " all parts of the country ; and perhaps it would " not be far wide of the truth to state that nearly " as much paper has to be extended as is paid at " maturity. Unweleomo as such a course is " to all parties, it nowt yet be allowed to be • " much better way of meeting the state of affairs " than by compelling absolute failure and liquid*- " tion ; for the IJ3-ies in realising on a large " number of bankrupt estates in the present state " of trade would be enormous." This is why we bear comparativdy little of commercial failures in America. Many houses practically make default on their engagements ; yet, by an agreement for forbearance, which is of necessity imposed upon all, are not formally driven into bankruptcy. But although the American community may agree &moo.: themselves to waive the observance of the ordinary mere:iota.) practice, the pressure falls perhaps all the more heavily for this reason upon their foreign creditors. Houses in England and France must coutinuu to meet their engagements at maturity, no mitt r ii their American debtors do not pay. This is another illustration of the consistency with which America sets upon her new policy of drawing in as much as possible and partici,. with as little as possible. She receives, but dues not pay, eaten she is actually obliged. The manner iu which the American houses in this country have borne the pressure says much for their sagacity and stability. The lest circular of .711,1111011. Du FAT and Go., of Manchester, observes that the Frmich silk bonen are suffering consider. ably, and that " the losses at Lyons alone by " failures in America are estimated at 2,000,0001. " sterling up to the present moment." Such being the condition of affairs, our merchants would be demented were they not to narrow their Trans-Atlantic dentines to the smallest possible compass. A trade:mum who wishes to maim • lie lug does not fore:, his wares and his capital upon customers who he knows are perfectly unable to pay him. The didocation of trade being thus ex- nem°, and the consumption of European commo dities in America being paralysed, whilst England continues to take heavy amounts of American breadstuffit, can any pence of average intelligence see anything very " perplexing" in the low level of the American exchange f There is another matter affecting the AL:ericaii exchanges which does not weak to have received due attention. The S,sith declares Bills of Exchange, Promissory Notes, and Specie to ho contraband of war. None of these articles are to pass between it and the North. Thu two sections being av“wed enevii-s, repudiation of debts is one of the weapons in the armoury of the former. Apart from the difficulty which this entails upon the North, and which thence I reacts upon ourselves, inasmuch as the North cannot pay what it owes us, there is this addi tional consideration, that the channel through which our balancer with the South have uniformly been settled is completely choked up. We have both paid the South and received from the South ' through Now York, the banking centre of the i Union. Thu whole of tho bill business being at an end, we must now settle our transactions with the South for the t part by means of hard cash. This causes an additional pressure upon our specie reserves, for it takes. a vast deal of metal to do what may be done by means of a few bits of paper. These are only a few of tho more prominent points tali:mg out of the American Revolution which go to paralyse trade and to disturb the money market. Weighty though they are, we have not yet referred to the most powerful of all— namely, the fear respecting the cotton supply. Happily, we are relieved of immediate alarm on this score, owing to the fact that the last season's crop came forward in the usual way just before the American troubles began to assume a serious aspect. Whether the South, with charac teristic calculation, restrained itself from formally declaring the rupture until the season's cotton business had been settled, wo will not stop to in quire. Thu fact remains that the estimated stock in Liverpool is now 1,130,210 bales, against 1,334,600 bales at the corresponding period of last year. The money value is, per haps, about ten millions and three quarters I sterling, against twelve millions and a half last ' year, when the stock was an unusually large one. There is, therefore, plenty of cotton for our imme diate wants. It is additionally satisfactory to know that the planting for the next crop has been performed as usual. It is said that, in connexion with the long-matured plans of the Secessionists, one-eighth less of ground has been planted with cotton than last year, that eighth having been made available for the production of food, in an ticipation of the lugs of supplies of grain from the North. Should the next season's crop of cotton be one-eighth less than the last ono it will entail no inconvenience upon our manufacturers, for the eighth which may bo wanting from America will assuredly bo supplied from the other parts of the world, where the cultivation of cotton is now being pushed forward with a degree of energy never before known. Neither is there any reason to antici pate that the next great process in the cotton culture—the picking—will ho interfered with. Whatever their white masters may be doing, it will bo politic to keep the negroes at their work ; for what is • better preservative against mischief than steady occupation f These are some of the considerations which help to keep the cotton market calm, and to relieve the uneasiness of our manufacturers. Seve- ral months have to elapse before the commencement of the next shipping season, and there is a disposition to grasp at the hope that some arrangement will be arrived at in the in terval. But the stock of cotton in this conntry is now at about its maximum, and will soon begin to run down, as manufacturers mako the usual draughts upon it. The nearer we get to the next shipping season the keener will become the alarm, unless a happy change should intervene. The point to which discussion is now principally turn ing is not as to whether there will be a cotton crop in America, for a considerable yield of the staple is already, humanly speaking, provided for, but—will next season's crop be permitted to come forward ? Should the war go on, this question will assume vast dimensions. It seems very difficult iudeed to realise the ides of a cotton famine in this country, and of starvation in our cotton districts, the result solely of political complications. Yet both the contending par ties are now unquestionably doing all in their power to prevent the transit of cotton ; and, though their efforts are of comparatively little im portance now, in the season between the crops, they may have the gravest possible bearing upon our industry when it holds out its bands for the next season's supply. The North has established a blockade of most of the Southern ports, and declares its intention to make the blockade general, permanent, and efficient. If the latter condition be complied with, the law of nations requires that it shall bo respected by every other maritime power. The Confederate Congress on its part, pursuing its policy of cutting off all connexion with the North, and especially desirous of depriving the Northern cotton manufacturers and operatives of the raw material, has just passed an Act pro- hibiting the shipment of cotton from the Confede rate States except through the non-blockaded sea porta. The dilemma is thus fairly established. We have profound faith in the energy and in genuity of trade. We believe that, if a cry arises for cotton in this country, both these qualities will be marvollowily stimulated to satisfy it. A por tion of the requisite supply will come forward from perfectly unexpected quarters, and through perfectly unexpected, and possibly irregular chan nels. Should the price of cotton rise, too, the consumption will be checked, and lees will be wanted, partly because substitutes will to a certain extent bo brought into play. But, al -1 lowing in the largest possible degree for every compensating and remedial influence, we can yet look forward to a time by no means diAant when the pressure will be very severe. In these cit.- cumstances many people are asking what are the calculations of the men of Manchester? Upon what expedient are they relying, seeing that their activity in evoking the resources of cotton-growing countries other than America is anything but answerable to their interest in the supply of the staple 1 Surely with a knowledge of the sympathies of their countrymen, and especially of the aide cer tain to be taken, if necessary, by that reserve of moral opinion which rarely intervenes iu politica, but never intervenes in vain, they cannot be thinking that when the stress comes they can make use of the Foreign office and persuade the Government of the day to violate the rules of international law at the cost of our neutrality, making the great free American peoplo our enemies for ever, and covering our eel% es with disgrace throughout the civilized world. The good sense with which Manchester conducts its affairs forbids such a supposition. But still the apathy of its principal manufacturers with regard to tie supply of cotton is most mysterious. ('ITT ATI VI. Ft2ITIVAL—WO Rte re quimial to iumwaineu that a banquet has boss arranged to I t..ho plow% st the Loialori Tiorrni. Ilishaputatinstreet, on Fraley, Joao is a, with the City of London ',.nsurvative I: , aiaration Aria:W.6a: John U. Nubian], Pm., M.P., aril: niku U. c h air. The lilt of stewards includes Om 11.0004 of Mir ittaßoril Noethrote, M.P., Via"""l higroten, M.l'., Air F. Kelly. M.P., Mir F. Slat* Mr. Seymour FitatornilJ. M.P., Sir K. (Alnico, &a We have SO 11 , 411. t tholle will bee a atroieg Muster of 001:10WV111 . the 0ven...,", brtb tins. .00nerted with the City awl otherwi.• old. Tun BALAAR AT k rt4 . 41N4 Molt. —Tier Royal 111., Koval Ilprhnes (1. ] I,lana, and her Rola! 'lngham, OM Primus Luise, thu hasaar hold iu behalf of the huildn ul fo o l „f the of Art, the now rumour Alljuiniux the Kesplan:tmt Muansum. at an rorly loon on itatuntiy inotwing, awl solo esteaslirwourrhaiira at ovary Tho bassos will baps to-day sad to-inutrow frooaday.) THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 17, 1861. Sin Cour'. The Queen, accompanied by the Princess Alice, the Prince of Wales, and Prince Louis of Hew, hit Buck ingham Palace at 5 o'clock on Saturday afternoon in a carriage and four for White Lodge, Richmond-park. Lady Augusta Bruce, the HOD. Flora Macdonald, and Colonel the lion. A. N. Hood followed in a second carriage and tour. Her Majesty returned about 8 o'clock. The Prince Consort presided at a meeting of the Pine Arts Committee of the Horticultural Society, at the society's gardens, on Saturday afternoon. There were also present Lord Llanover, Sir Caine Lindsey, He 11. T Hope, Professor Westmacott, and Mr. Sydney Smirk.. The Prince of Wales, attended by Captain Grey, honoured Mr. Nichols, on Saturday, by inspecting, at the French Gallery, the picture, by Mr. George Brown, of tho " Bay and City of New York," presented to his Royal Highness by the citizens of New York. The Princesses Alice, Helena, and Louise, attended by Lady Augusta Bruce, ies Hildyard, sod Colonel the Hon. A. Liddell, went on Saturday morning to the Grind Fancy Bazaar in aid of the Building Fund of the Feintle School of Art, at the new rooms adjoining South Kensington Museum. Prince Leopold is so far recovered from the measles as to have taken an airing on Friday. Princess Beatrice is conva lescent. Prince Louis of Hesse paid visits on Saturday to the National Gallery ■nd Westminster Abbey. The Prince Consort, accompanied by the Prince of Wales and Prince Louis of Hesse, honoured Mr. Thorny croft with a visit at his studio in Wilton place on Friday afternoon. _ _ I;;liiiertert - and the Right Roc. W. E. Gladstone bed the honour of dining with the Queen at Buckingham Palace on Saturday evening. Major l)u Plat lass relieved Lieut.. Colonel the lion. D. de Ito; in his duties u the Equerry in Waiting to the Prioce Comore. Yesterday the Queen and Prince Consort, the Princess Alice, the Prince of Wales. the Princess Helena, the Pekoes,' Louise, the ladies and gentlemen of the court and the domestic household, attended divine service in the private chapel, Buckingham Palace. This Rev. W. It Brookfield preached the sermon. The King of the Belgians and Prince Louis of Haase were present at the service. A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury, in Downing-street. The ministers present were Vis count Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Gran ville, the Duke of Argyll, Sir G. Coruewall Lewis, the Duke of Newcastle, Lord Herbert, Sir Charles Wood, the Chancellor of the Ex chequer, the Duke of Somerset, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, Sir George Grey, Lord Stanley of Alderley, the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers, and the Right Hon. Edward Cardwell. A deputation respecting the Salmon and Tmut Fisheries fill had an .ntervvew on Saturday with the Right Hon. T. 51,10ur Gibson, at the office of the Board of Trade. Don Antonio Flores, Chag6 d'Affaires of Ecuador, trans- acted business at the Foreign-office on hatunlay. Don Flores had had previously an interview with Lord John R Despatches were rewired on Saturday at the Colonial office, from the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian lolanda. Dean:ache+ were merit to the governors of the North American Proviocea, Bermuda, the NI , eat India Island+, and Briteili Columbia. The Queen will give a concert on Friday, the 28th instant, at Buckingham Palace. The Prince of Wale* visited the French Gallery oa Saturday, to view George Bruwn's picture of New York, presented to his Royal Highoess by the citizens of that place. The Prince also inspected the French picture* on view in the same gallery. Thu Lid Initi Countess of Dorby givo a grand entertainment to their Royel Highnesses the Duchess of Cambridge, and the Princess llary, on Wednesday nest, when the countess has a select assembly to meet their royal highnesses. Sir Henry Straoey, M.P., entertained a largo patty of conservative members of the Rouse of Commons at dinner, on Saturday List, at his residence in Dover- Amt. The Right Hon. B. Disraeli and Mrs. Disraeli remised at dinner, on Saturdty, at their residence, Gros venor-zeta, the Moguls and Marchioness of Exeter and Lady Mary Cecil, the Marquis and Marchioness of Nor inanby, the Earl and Countess of Warwick, Countess Brownlow, Viscount Hamilton, Lord Jermyn, the Vis countess Stranzford, Lord sod Lady Tredegar, the Ilon. Henry Wyndham, Baron Rothschild, and Colonel Hervey Bathurst Viscountess Palmerston bad an assembly on Saturday evening at Cambridge House, which was most numerously attended, there being over 50t) of the nobility present. Previously to the assembly Viscount and Vis countess Palmerstou entertained a select party at dinner. Lady Colchester "received" on Saturday even ing in Berkeley-square. Previously to the assembly Lord and Lady Colchester received at dinner the March losses of Drogheda, the Earl of Sheffield, the Earl and Countess of Erne and Lady Lonna Crichton, the Earl and Countess of lanesborough, Viscount Hood, Viscount Newry, Visa mates' Newry, Lord and Lade Egerton (of Tattoo) and Hun. Mims Egerton, and a select party. _ . - The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Mrs. Gladstone and family have removed from the right hon. gentleman's official residence, in Downing-street, to their Private mansion on Carlton House-terrace. Mrs. Glad stone will have an evening party on the 21st imit.,and a ball on the 2nd proximo, instead of the 4th of July, as already announced. The marriage of Lord Pelham, eldest son of the Foil of Chichester, with Miss Bligh, daughter of the Right Hon. Sir John Duncan Bligh, K.C.8., is to be solemnised to-morrow. With regard to the health of Mr. Laing, it ap pears from a telegram to Poiut de Galls, dated the 14th of May, that although the dysentery had not quite so:Aided, lie soil his sou were gulag on tho followiug Thundery for change of air to Rangoon. This was by medical airier). Lord &Wiry, unpaid attachd to her )lajesty's ethnics at ristuttgardt. ia appointed unpaid attache, at Listion. Mr. E. C. N. Phipps, now at Brussels, is appointed unpaid attache at fituttganli. Nr. Perry Mitionl, now at Berlin, if appointed unpaid attache at Brusaels. The officers of the Brigade of Guards gate a very agreeable musical entertainment, at the \Wellington Bar racks, no Saturday afternoon. Au orchestra wax erected in the parade ground, fronting the burracha, flanked by larp tent., under which chairs were provided for the amnia/no- • cktion of visitors, the officers themselves performing the duties of attendants in receiving their guests s rid ushering them to seats. The attendance, by special invitation, was numerous and fashionable. Several influential gentlemen are organiging an Artillery Volunteer corps in the metropolis, whieh will consist of colonists who are natives of the West Indies, the Cape of Good llore, Australia, New Zealand, British North America, sod other dependencies of the crown. Efforts are liciu4 made to raise a Volunteer Marine Battalion of sir companies, the licad.quarten of which are to be io London, the First Lord of the Admiralty for the time being to be ex ogbio honorary colonel. It is proposed to rinse one company for the in,trrpolis, and the remainder on the seaboard of (:,rest I:ritain, or at a dis tance nut exceeding 12 miles intend. In the event of in. vaaion, or urgent circumstances, iu the opinion of the government, requiring the assistance of the battalion°, they wiU be liable to be called upon to serve in marine fortresses, or on board of guard or block ships ; lm: should their ser vices be further requirod they will be allowed to volunteer to do duty ss Marine, on board any of hoe Majesty's ships at a distance of not more than tru miles from the coast of Great Britain. A letter from Goths& Mates that much public spirit prevails there respeking n gym! German ride 1111110- eiat ion now being organisal, end a shooting match which is about to take place. The reiguing duke, th e l a di es of Gotha, and the authorities of the town have given hood. some prises to be contended for, atul the Prince Consort of England has sent a silver goblet, and a Whitworth ride complete in a handsome ease. M. do Montalombert is al Munich, on a visit to his friend the Abbe Dollinger, "hose lectures on the temporal power of the papacy nude some noise • few weeks ago. CALEDONIAN FANCY DEEM B.t gatherin g of he LL..— This Loll vow . to attract a very brilliant tocnicy this evening to Willis's Room,. Tiro minge.nwnts are all fully completed, and two bands are engaged—m„.... Coote's for the ipmilrillea, and it special Scotch band for the buor"e,:lisiisa.PatTimhemee•".44:4lns.isywanailiftsr'l woothe:hr .b.7l:7atewliiiibeglaluala°witteuLbelid:plTi,hledOe with the fancy quadrilles. There are only • few tickets left usdisposed of. LATEST INTELLILIENCE. FRANCE AND ITALY. TURIN, Juxs 17. The GauHa di Torino says :—" It is asserted that tho government has received a despatch from Paris announcing that France recognizes the kingdom of Italy." SPAIN. MADRID, Jcxx 17. Experiments have been male at Cadiz with the view of tenting the effect of shot on the iron-plated planks made at Toulon for armour-clad vessels. The result of the trial was unsatisfactory. THE BRAZIL MAIL. LISBON, Jars 15. The Messageries Imperiales Company's steamer Guienne, from the Brazils, arrived here yesterday, at 7.30 p.m. She brings 159,855 francs in specie. RIO DE JANEIRO, MAT 23. Exchango on London, 26i to 26i ; Paris, 360 to 363. Coffee, good first, 5.000 to 6.000 rs. per arroba. Shipments since the departure of the last steamer, 155,000 bags, including 45,000 for the Channel. Stock, 120,000 bags. Freights, 70s. to 755. BAHIA, MAT 29. Exchange on London, 26j to 24. Sugar, brown, 2.100; white, 2.500 to 2.800 rm. per arroba. Per nambuco, May 31.—Exchange on London, 25k. Sugar, whito, 3.500 to 4.500 ; brown, L 200 ra. per arroba ; cotton, 8. SOO re. Tho Oneida, with the outward Brazil mail of the 9th ultimo, arrived at Pernambuco on the 28th ultimo. The Tyne, with the outward Brazil mail - 1 the 10th mat., sailed from Lisbon on the 14th inst. AMERICA. Q U EENSTOWN, SUNDAY. The royal mail steamship Europa arrived hero to-day at 1 p.m., embarked mails, passengers, and latest telegrams, and proceeded fur Halifax and Boston at 4 p.m. ; all well. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. PION OM owl PARIS, SUNDAY EVZNINO. The 3foniteur does not yet officially announce tho recognition of the kingdom of Italy, but it pre pares the way by citing, in an obscure corner of its ponderous columns and under no particular head ing, the following paragraph from the Patric, which must henceforth be considered as official ; It is stated that negotiations are opened for the re establishment of diplomatic relations between France and the court of Turin. If these negotiations should come to • result, the consequence will be the recognition de facto of the Italian kingdom, composed of the provinces mud states which were placed under the sceptre of Victor Emmanuel after those event* on which France is not now called upon to pronounce any opinion, but which were accomplished under the cover of the principle of non.interven tion recognised by Europe. The resumption of di. plomatic relations with Turin would not imply on the part of France, on the subject of the policy of the Italian kingdom, any judgment on the past or any solidarity for the future. It would only show that the go. vernrnent de fo , lo of the new state was sufficiently estab lishixl for it to be possible to entertain with it those inter national relations which the interests of the two countries imperiously require to be established. France by her new attitude would not mean to interfere in any way in the in ternal or external affairs of the Italian kingdom, which would remain the sole judge of its conduct, as it is the master of its future destinies. France will act towards Italy just se the great European powers will one day do in regard to the American question, by recogniaiog the new republic of the southern states when that republic shell have constituted a government resting on bases which will allow international relations to he entered into with it which may comport with the general interest. This lugging in of the American question for the purpose of insinuating a belief on the part of France that the rebellious states of America will not fail to constitute themselves a nation, must give great offence in the United States. Notwithstanding the gingerly reserves made by the Mositeur, in its half shame-faced way, I sin happy to see by the ravings of the clerical journals that they consider the recognition of Italy as no unimportant step towards the consummation which all friends of freedom d es ire. The Union says : France is about to nccoguise a work of brigandage, vio lance, and hypocrisy . . . Whatever artful terms may be used, this recognition implies necessarily the end of the Popes temporal power. So be it. It is stated in several papers that the archbishops of Lyons and Paris have given orders to prevent the mass for Count Cavour being celebrated with extraordinary pomp. In particular, it is said, that Cardinal Morlot has refusal to allow the Italian professional singers, who wished to take part iu the service which is to take place at the Madeleine to-morrow, admission to the organ gallery. One would wish to disbelieve the existence of such miserable spite ou the part of the Archbishop of Paris, but unfortunately there is both positive and negative testimony that Le has done his little worst to diminish the tribute of respect desired to be paid to the memory of the groat Italian patriot. The Opinion Nationale endorses the news as " cor net," and the Monde quotes it without contradic tion. The conduct of the French archbishops is the more extraordinary, when wo find, as the telegraph reports to-day, that the Pope himself is to perform a mass for Cavour at Rome. It is, however•, quite possible, consistently with Jesuitical principles, that the Pope may with to honour Cavour's memory at Rome, and at the s tine time give orders to have dirt thrown upon it in Paris. In Rome an audacious attempt is being made to circulate the lie that Cavour died abjuring his opposition to the temporal power, and this lie would be greatly accredited by the presence of the Pope at the altar on the occasion of his funeral service. Hero in Paris, where people know better, it would he hopeless to go upon this tack, awl therefore the clergy throw cold water upon the demonstration of to-morrow. Notwithstand ing all the pouting of the clergy, the service at tho Madeleine will be a great manifestation of personal and political fettling. It is aunounced that Marshal Valliant, in the character of minister of the Emperor's household, and the chief of the staff of the expedition to Italy, and M. Thouvenel, minister of foreign affairs, will attend. The Abbd Deguerry, the new bishcp of Marseilles, will officiate. The Abbd DiC4iierry is really bishop of Mar seilles. The scruples pathetically set forth on the ground of affection for his old parishioners of the Madeleine were merely a form of the conventional soli rpiseopari. He saw the Emperor at Fon tainebleau the other day, and the thing was settled. Among the members of the corps diplomatique who are to meet the Emperor at Vichy, the names are mentioned of M. do la Valetta, ambassador at Constantinople; M. Barrot, ambassador at Madrid; the Duke de Grammont, ambassador at Rome; and the Prince de la Tour d'Ativergne. The session of the Corps Legislatif is further prolonged till Juno 27 ; the debate ou the uew law on the press, which was fixed for to-morrow, will not come on until Tuesday. Of course no concessions will be made beyond those volunteered by the government. M. 011ivier and his friends, the cinq, as they are called, only hope in supporting their amendment to lay down principles which will serve as a rallying point for the future. The elections for the councils-general are going on to-tlay throughout France. The clerical party, which has been making immense efforts, will doubtless return a few candidates, and here and there a democratic liberal may get in, but I appre hend that M. do Persiguy has taken his measures too well to prevent this election from forming an exception to that general rule of quasi unanimity which is an essential characteristic of Napoleonic universal suffrage. A government journal averred the other day that although in one single instance a prefect had let fall an unfortunate phrase, the administration in general bad not made any "excessive" use of its influence. But the Sieck boldly takes issue ou this statement, and asserts that wherever the administration has fixed upon candidates of its own it wages unrelenting war upon all others. The SUcle proceeds to quote several instances of unfair if not illegal pressure, such as the summary dismissal of functionaries, extra-judicial injunctions to journals not to print the addresses of independent candidates, and the refusal of printers to lend their presses without the prefect's consent. The Siamese ambassadors and suite are located at the old Persian embassy in the Avenue Mon taigne. AMERICA. LIVERPOOL, SinroAT. The Royal Mail steamship Persia, Captain Jud line, which left New York on the sth lust., arrived in the Mersey at 7.20 this morning. The New York Herald of the sth inst. thus de scribes the situation of affairs : The contemplated advance of the Federal troops over the Potomac, towards Fairfax, did not take place yesterday, in consequence of information received by General Scott that a large body of rebels, reported to number several thousand, were at Centreville, about ten miles from Alexandria, and all the troops were therefore retained at their posts, in anticipation of an attack. They bivourcled on the fi e ld on Monday night, sleeping on their arms, ready for action in case of a surprise. Nothing important occurred, however, except a few straggling show on the outposts. We learn from Fortress Monroe that intelligence reached General Butler yesterday that a scouting party of Colonel Allan's Troy Regiment had been taken prisoners by a body of 500 rebels at Fox-hill, near Hampton, on the pre. vious day, but General Butler doubted the report from the fact that the country in that direction had been thoroughly reconnoitred, and the presence of no such fume of rebels could be discovered. However, the general immediately ordered Colonel Duryee's Zounves to pursue the rebels sad recapture the party of Colonel Allen's men, if such disaster had occurred. _ Slaves continued to arrive in considerable numbers at General Butler's camp, and are put to work in the trenches. They are said to comprehend the position of affairs very clearly, and report that their roosters are very much alarmed, soil are flying from their homes every day. Information reaches us from Harper's Ferry that the rebels contemplate en evacuation of that post, and it is cer tain that the residents there are abandoning it in large number. and retiring to Winchester. From the reliable in telligence we have from Harrisburg yesterday of the ad vance of United States troops in the direction of Harper's Ferry, and the immense force surrounding that point, and completely hemming in the garrison, as well as from the fact that smallpox and diarrbies are raging among the troops, it is not at all improbable that the rumours of evacuation may prove true. Upwards of 5,000 Federal troops arrived at Charubersburg yesterday, and in leas than 24 hours there will be fully 30,000 men at that point, menacing the ferry. It is said that the condition of the planters in Virginia is most deplorable. They are begin ning to discover that they have been duped by their Seces sion friends from the South, and they are sending their slaves off to prevent • general stampede. Parties of Virginians are flying to Williamsport, Mary land, to avoid being impressed into the rebel army, leaving their families and property behind them. The greatest excitement and indignation against the Virginia weed siouists exists in that quarter, and the people are preparing for a border tight. From Cairo wo learn that intelligence was received there of the presence of a force of 5,000 rebels at Union City, I Tennessee, where General Beaureganl was expected to arrive on Sunday last. 10,000 rebels were reported to be located at different points between Memphis sod Cairn, no doubt with the intention of advancing towards the latter point and attacking the Federal troops there. 'the hteam-frigate Susquehanna, the fist of the recalled Mediterranean squadron, arrived off Sandy Hook last even ing from Cadiz. She has been ordered to proceed it once to Boston. There is little doubt that her destination is fir Charlestown Nave Yard, where she will be refitted for the Southern blockade. The Herald of the 4th inst. says : Movements of a decisive character are on foot, which point to the immediate advance of Federal troops into the interior of Virginia within the present week. '1 he occupa tion of Fairfax will be the first measure. Several regiments in Washington and its vicinity received marching orders on the 3nito cross the Potanuic, and take the place of those ad vancing upon Fairfax. Information has reached General 11'1)owell that the rebel troops of Fairfax are under orders to offer no resistance to the Federal army, but to fall back on 3lanassa's junction, which it is evident the rebels are making strenuous efforts to defend. The place is of great importance to both parties. The arrival of the Ist (Maine) Regiment and the 79th (New York) Highland Regiment at Washington, on the 3rd, makes the number of troupe at the capital and its vicinity amount to 50,000 men. Intelligence bas been received from Cincinnati of an en gagement between the Federal troops stationed at Grafton, Virginia, and the rebels. Two columns of General M'Clel. host's coininsud, consisting of the lit Virginia Volunteers, under Colonel Kelly, and the Indiana Volunteers, under Colonel Crittenden, marched on the night of the 3rd inst. 20 miles forward, as far as the town of Phillippa, and our. prised a corns of 2,000 rebels. A fight ensued, in which the rebel. were routed and 15 of their number killed, sod several captured. Many of the Federal troops were slightly wounded. No official account of the affair has yet been received. The fight at Aoqua Creek during the 31st ult. and Ist inst. proves to have been quite a brisk affair. It appears that the fight, which was tealsomrily abandoned for want of ammuuitiou on hoard the ',lilted States vessels, on the 314, was resumed at 11.30 a.m. on the Ist June, and con. tinned until ball-part four that afternoon, without inter mission. Captain Ward, of the Freeborn, reports that up wards of a thousand shots were fired by the rebel batteries, and that at least a hundred struck on or close around his ship, some of them done... Ting her hull so that she leaked considerably, and some hitting her wheelhouse ►nd shaft. The Pawnee, too, was frequently struck, damaging both hull and rigging. No one was killed on board the vessels, but the firing from the batteries showed that the guns ware ably handled. A brisk little affair occurred at Williamsport on the let inst. The rebels attempted to seine a ferry boat lying op posite that point. Thu Federal troupe opened fire upon them. The skirmish lasted for nu hour, and the rebels were compelled to desist, after having three or four of their party wounded. The New Orleans Picayune, of the list May, states that the Brooklyn has captured the lo.irque H. J. Fleming. from Rio Janeiro for New Orleans. with 190,000 dela. worth of coffee. It was sent to Key West. The Moutgotnery Post, of the 3lat, aaya that a portion of tho Confederate troops have boon ordered away from Pennacola, and that little apprehenlion of tight exude there at prumerit. The Northern Light hnd arrived at Now York, with 373,201 dolts. tmannre. . . . A despatch from Washington, dated the 3rd inst., AI/11011110M that the Kentucky brigade, en camped near Cincinnati, has received marching orders for Louisville, and tuldu—" This is highly important, /144 the advance of Federal troops upon Kentucky soil will bring the loyalty of that state to a test." Advice; from Havana were to the 23rd May. Business was very dull. United States vessels were at a discount iu the freight market. Tho Spanish troops were beginning to return from San Domingo. Exchange ou London 4i to 5 prow. Senator Douglas expired at Chicago at 9 o'clock on the morning of the 3rd inst. In token of re spect all the flags in the city were at half-mast, and prominent buildings were dressed in mourning. At Washington similar tokens of respect for his memory wore paid. The state department building was draped in mourning. The Panama Herald states that two British sub jects had been starved to death in prison at Lima. Prince Napoleon and the Princess Clotildo ar rived at Ajaceio, in Comm, on the Bth. Their imperial highnesses were received with rest enthtuiimm by the in habitants, who cocked from every part of the island on di" announeernent of their arrival. Tho Monittur of yesterday publisbes a detailed report of the operations of the expeditionary corps in Cochin Chins. Casa or Sworraoan.—Ou Wednesday forenoon, • boy between seven and eight years of age was lying itrthe sun at his father's door, in Elgin, when be complained of • pain in the bead. He was taken into the house, put to W. and died In the course of the evening. The cause of desalt is supposed to have been sunstroke.—EdinGurvh Cuurana. AUSTRIA. Constitutional Austria at this moment presents a somewhat singular spectacle. She has a funda mental law special Diets, and a general Di e t ; b u t the fundamental law is only a project, the provin cial Diets are forbidden to occupy themselves with legislation, and the ministry has just declared that the general Diet has no power to deal with the budget or with political laws. The latter is allowed to discuss and to make propositions, but up to the present moment it has not succeeded in revising its own regulations ; the sole result it lira obtained is an indemnity for the deputies, and the Chamber of Nobles has only consented to that stop with great reserve. This situation is justly described in a letter from Vienna as a "constitutional state of siege." M. Gliskra, a member of the Chamber of Depu ties at Vienna, in the sitting of the 11th, brought forward three propositions of a somewhat radical tendency. The first requires that the Council of the Empire shall meet every year , and in case of a dissolution that a new one shall be convoked within three months. The second claims for the council the right of introducing new laws ; and the third demands that the principle of ministerial re sponsibility shall be expressly acknowledged in the fundamental law, and applied with all its cense quenoes. CHINA. A private letter from China, dated "Off the Peiho, April 16," says : The Scout arrived here to-day at 4 p.m., with Admiral Hope, K.C.8., and Mr. Consul Parkes, CB., on board. Admiral Hope and Mr. Parkes leave for Pekin to-morrow, the latter to relieve Mr. Wade. The Scout left Shenghae on the Bth, and Woosengon the 10th, called at Chefoo on the 13th, where were the Odin and gunboat Woodcock. She stayed there for the admiral to inspect Chefoo to aseertain the best site for • 'oval depot. She left on the 15th, and arrived here today. The Odt was ordered to Hope Sound, about 60 miles from Chafe°. At the latter place there was a demand for foreign goods, and every prospect of • brisk trade springing up. The great bane to healthy , however, nukes its induenee felt here, as in a remit every other district in China. " The rebels " has become the watchword of capitalists. The Ruse rebels have formed a coalition with and sworn allegiance to the Taeping in. surgents, and have advanced as far as Tsoliang.peo, a large and rich town, lying at a right angle b e tw een P e ki n and Chafe°, and about equidistant from these places. Their probable wort intention is to work their way northward to Tien-tein, and from thence to Pekiu. Failing in that, they may file off to the westward, on Chefoo. The recent expedition up the Yang -tee-Kiang has 'nought the subject of the rebellion very prominently before the commercial and religious public. The river all the way up to Y okehou, through a d i stance from Shanghae by the water's course of 700 miles, is described as most magnificent ; the scenery in many places grand beyond description ; the soil surpassingly rich ; cities, and towns, and villages thick on every side ; but wherever the rebels have come all are in • ruinous condition. When the visitors arrived at ilankow, they to their great delight found there a scene of activity ant/ mercantile prosperity which equally surprised and delighted them; but ere they were ready to return, and in the apaceof only threedays, the city became a solitude—houses closed, streets deserted, people running with their valuables hastily col lected to the boats. A panic had seized them. "The rebels were coming," having taken Hunchow, • walled city on the right hand of the river, about 45 miles distant Scores of places are mentioned where the interests of commerce and religion might be very satisfactorily served but for this scourge of the country. The Snake, gunboat, was left at Huncbow, rho Havoc at Kinkiang, the Centaur at Nankin, and the Banterer at Chinkiang. The Coromandel, Cowper, Atahmte, and Bummer returned to Shanghse. DESPREATE ENCOUNTER WITH A BURGLAR. A diabolical attempt to kill a policeman was per pettated an early limn on Saturday morning, in Cowls tho circumstances that led to the affray are some what singular. It appears that police-constable Walter Taylor, of tho Congletou borough police force, io company with another officer. named Stanley, fell in with a drunken man, whom they took to his house ip Rood-lane. When they reached the man's house, between 1 and 2 o'clock on Saturday morning, they found the man's son and his wife awaiting his return. The son went out to fetch a pot of porter, and, being absent rather 10n,, , er than his wife thought necessary, she went in quest a him. As soon as she got out of the house she saw two men jumping over some rails enclosing a silk factory. She at once drew Taylor's attention to them, and that officer ran up alone and collared one of them. By this time they had got a eonsiderable distance from the house where Stanley was, A desperate struggle ensued between the two burglars and Taylor ; unfortunately the latter could not make his staff available, and in attempting to secure one of them, the other approached him with a large open chumkoife, and stabbed him several times in the body, Stanley tame up just in time to luau hint say, "I'm stabbed ! I'm dying !" He was aught in his fellow-officer's arms, and conveyed, bleeding profusely, into Mr. Slater's house. The two thieves made their escape. Several medical gentlemen were called in, and Taylor's case was at once pronounced hopeless. Some of the stubs have penetrated the lungs, whilst others are of such a magnitude and severity as to make it a matter of wonder that he did not die on the spot. There are seven 'cruet* wounds, two of them of n very dangerous nature. Five men have since been apprehended on @widen. Meanwhile it was found that the silk factory of Mr. Barton, in Rood-lane. near the place where the affray took place, bad been broken into, and two bundles of silk stolen, one of which was picked up neer the spot where poor Taylor received his wounds. The injured officer has not been able tc look at auv of the men at present, and such was his precarious condition on Satur day that the town-clerk and a magistrate deemed it neces miry to take his depositions. We are glad to learn that, from inquirien made lust, evening, his condition was, if any , thing, more favourable. THE CHAMPIONRHIP.—auttsr AND MACE.—As we stated in our last, the eel weeny of completing the stakes for this match was gone through on Thunder, the nth inst., at Jam Alice's own canivausenti, the Old King ',oho, Holy welidane. The only pref 'varies that remained to be set tled, therefore, were the " where and the when." The latter of thesedifficulties wee got over withoutmuchtrouble, stela day has now been positively fixed ; the former preeeided oletacles which, during the greater portion of the present week, it was feared would be iiisurmountable. We are glad, however, now to ho in a position to mate that, barring accidents, there is every reason to believe the fight will be Rot off without difficulty. Owing to the watchfulikess of the powers that be, it Las been found necessary to fix the seen farther afield thou ever, Ma, consequently. everyone must room prepared fur an unusually long day ; and unic,s each voyager possesses the at:metal of a camel we would advise him, as he values his owu pt-ace of mind, to provide bisruelf with such creature conduits as will enable him to support nature ill the face of the broiling heat which way be ex pected. Mace lets been traiuing near Fwaffhani, under the watchful eye of Woody, who represeuts him to be fine as a star, weighing but little under lts t, and very coetident. The Intent Las been training privately near home, neater the care of dem Ilselgkiss; lie has quitere cover:el from his lameness. We are told lie is tit 1111 a fiddle, and will weigh under 15 stone. There has ken but little bethink; this week, the friends of ,lace standing out for 2to 1, which the countrymen will not lay : anal we doubt whether many investnieuts at any trim .1 in he made until the men arson the ground. Life. DEATH FROM A Haiciirr.—Ati accident, which has terminated fatally, occurred on Thursday night lest during the exhibition of fireworks et the a.- of the Yorkshire gala, et Yoik. Thomas Co upland. a child under seven years of age, was stunting ',mee k ; the crowd at the time that 31r. Levi, of Sheffield, the p) ro. techntst, was about, to discharge a rocket. Hu held one its his hand, and bud laid inother on the platform Lear to him, anal immediately after lie hail applied the tie" to the one in his. hand the other hail caught lire. it is sup posed from the telling of n spark from the fuse. lasteret rising into the air, it darted horizontally along the plat form, and struck Cot:planet on the forehead, iielatieg wound of so serious a character that a portion of the train rotruiled, and the poor child's face war liathed in blood. His cloths were also sot on tire, het the C. :ace were speedily extinguished. Medical assietauce war. pronipily rendered, but there was nu hope of the child's reeevery, mud it expired ou Saturday morning. An inquest was held on the body the same day, rich it having lima shown that no want of care hint been exhibited, and that what hail oc curred was a pure accident s the jury returned a verdict to that effect. FATAL Ex PLuMON AT BRISTOL. an mat c. t.terna ties was produced at Bristol un &dentey night in come quasar of its becoming known that a terrible boiler esolo sion had occurred un beard one of the river etudners railed the Alarm. This vessel, which was orriginally it.teniled for passenger traffic, had latterly leen employed as a tug Wet for hauling large merchant ships from the Cumberland and Itithurst basins to tho quays and rue verso. She was fitted, as is usual with such bunts, with high pressure engines. She had been employed on gAtunlay ID her onlinary *'.'CO* tion, and having in the evening come up from the B wells had gone to a 'wart of use quay walled the Grose, where she Lot moored immediately under the Isles of a large ship employed in the West India trades celled the had on baud of her four or five men, ell of whom, excepting one named Richard Caltwitt. were "a deck at the time. The explosion was a terrible one. shattering the vessel, which was iron Ludt, to atonix and sending the fragments in all directions, some of them falling at very great distances. The four turn who were on desk were blown into the water, and were of course a good deal scalded, and poor Cukott, who happened to twin the engine room, went down with the wreck and, nee again. All possible assistance was rendered to the sureivor', who were picked up by the boats of some 'hips. The body of the deceased bad not been recovered. I. I an, for Ulu al grog they leett senti esti, for with the and 7001( be sn the r with Ja area th?p Mr ereni her. of the Mr friend the et. Mr. loner Ben, 12, fat charge of 1, c cainsta