The Express. — London, England, 1850-05-09 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF COMMONB.—WIDIIIIIDAT, MAT 8. TM Brisanzit task the chair at 12 o'clock. PUBLIC BUSINESS. PETITIONS PRESENTED. Lana Tax.—By Sir J. DUKE, from Ward of Farring den Withost, fee revision (NOM tax. • Poo' Rants.—By Sir J. DUKE, from City of London (3), praying for equreation of these rates. FACTORY Bat. —By Sir C. BURRELL. from the perish of St. Oconee's, Bolton: Mr. BROTHERTON, from Ads tan-snder•Lin• ; Mr. 0. BANKES, 11.3111 came place; sgaiast the proposed alteration of this bill. Stave TRADI.—By Sir R. INGLIS, from estate proprie tors and others in the island of Antigua praying that no further encouragement be gives to the slave triale by the admission of Cuban and Porto Rico sugars, on equal terms with colonial, into the English market COVIITT COVII.TO —By Mr. ARKWRIGHT, from the same place, praying that the inhabitants might not be com pelled to give up their tows-hall for t he purpose of holding Sam sown. SUGAR DUTIES.—CONFIDENCE IN MINISTERS. Mr. F. O'CONNOR, referring to an article is the Times of that morning, said he bad been led to understand that the noble lord at the heed of the government intended to nuke the proposition of the hon. but., the member for South Ewes, a quote= of confidence or no confidence in the government; and that the hon. members for Man chester and the West Riding had received a message from Dowoing-street, requesting that they would not leave Lon. don pending the discussion. He wished to know whether be had been rightly informed ? Sir G. GREY said he hardly understood the hon. mem beitiquestion. 11 it was whether any private message had passed between his noble friend and the hon. members alluded to, he could silly sty that he had heard nothing about it, nor was his noble friend is the habit of acquaint ing him with the nature of his private messagee. If it were whether the motion of the hon. member for South Essex was to be treated as one of confidence or no confidence, it would be time enough whin it came before the house to state the view* of the government. (Hear, hear.) Mr. F. O'CONNOR said that his only object in asking the question was that the real state of the case should be gonorally known. DEFALCATION IN OFFICES OF THE CASTLE OF DUBLIN. Mr. HUME said he had been Worsted that certain public °faun in the Castle of Dublin had absconded, and that their defalcations would entail considerable loss en the pub lic. He wished to know what were the facts of the cue. Sir W. SOMERVILLE said that he supposed the hos. member alluded to the case ef a Mr. Mathews, lite a clerk in the thief secretary's ofilu in Dahlia Castle. The facts were these. The Paymaster of Civil Services in Ireland having brought under the notice of commune c ertain i n .. gullf transactions in which Mr. Mathews had bees is the distribution of what was called the C um Fond, Mr. Bromley, the secretary to the Audit Board, was deputed to inquire into the facts. He did so. and ascertained that Mr. Mathews had been ruilty of fraud is the manage ment of that fund. A Treasury commission had been Issued to investigate the whole transaction, but he was happy to add that the whole of the default already ascertained did note:- Ned 2W. or 301. Mr. GROUAN asked whether there was not a second defaulter ? Sir W. SOMERVILLE ac i d that there was, bat not in the sane department. The amount of his defalcation had not boon ascertained. RAILWAY PASSENGERS. Mr. HUME gave notice that he would on this day ask her Majesty's government, whether it was intended to bring in a hilt to correct the law with regard to railway passengers, in consequence of the decision and declaration of Baran Alderson in a resent ease. (Loud cries of " hear, hear.") IRISH FISHERIES BILL. Mr. ANSTEY, is moving the sc:ond reacting of this bill, stated that it had b;ea materially altered since last union. The purport of this meson was to consoli late sor repeal the seta previously passed, and to assign to the Board of Works the supervision of all the fisheries on the coasts of Mr. CONOLLY moved that the bill be read a second time that day six mouths. Ile disapproval of the measure, as in terfering with private enterprise and conferring a dangerous extent of power apes the Board of Works. Mr. SCULLY joined in believing that individual entr ees. _aided by the *swing statutes, wore amply sufficient to develop all the capabilities of the waters for the supply N Aso. Lord NAAS explained that the proposed bill was in great measure a declaratory act, merely designed to explain the meaning and enforce the provisions of the many lord sta tutu already existing. All the clauses cont:rring new powers of any kind might be examined and struck out by a select follimit've. Colonel DU - NNE supported the bill. Mr. NAPIER contended that the existing acts were suf ficient in intention, and wanted only a judicious administra- Kr. FAGAN looked upon the bill is absolutely necessary SO NM die Salami fishery of Ireland from speedy destruction. Its. °ROGAN believed that seese legislition on the sub ject was requisite, and was serious to have the bill passed, mended, It aterattary, by a select coalmine*. Mr. 8. CILLIPTOILD aad Sir J. YOCNO opposed, Mr. CEFLasaarr sad Mr. Lawtsos supported the UNISON. Sir W. SORKILVILLE observed that throughout the whole debate ao Wail* member had expressed • thorough approval of the MIL As it seemed universally conceded that Tory evervive ameadammts were required in the measure, he thought that the best wane would be to withdraw it and substitute a sew bill contaMine only the provisions which were allowed to be practically beneficial. . . . Kr. M. O'CONNELL thought if the right hon. baronet were to advise every hon. member to withdraw every IPA on which difference of opinion existed, they would n have ens bill carried. He hoped the government would take up that iyiestion. Mr. ANSTEY said the hon. and learned gentleman, the member for the University of Dublin, said he was not aware that doable 'Mated with moms to the 23rd section of the act of Vittoria. He could only say it was unfortunate the hon. gentleman had not opened the blue bock, for there was scarcely • page in it which did not allude to the difference of opinion between magietrees who With owners and judges who were sot —The house then divi- ed. For the second reading Atainat it On our reedmission to the gallery, Col. DUNNE was observing tact he would put a question. Would the government obstruct any measure winch was brought in on the subj-ct ? Mr. ANSTEY would put another, which was—would the right hon. gentleman the Secretary for Ireland uadeetake, that if a bill is brought forward for Inland by a private member the 'overawe! would speak out is time ? Sir W. bONERV I LLE, in answer to Col. Donna's ques tion, said ha should take the course which his public duty demanded. The question which was last put he did not understand. Lord CASTLEREAGH remarked that it was manifest all legislatioa on the subject had been put off for another year, and be thought that was exceedingly unfortuaani. Sir G. GREY said it was hardly fair to put the fault on his right hos. Mend, or upon the government. Almost all the members who spoke, spoke against the principle of the bill, and it was only in consequence of that that the govern. mutt took the mares it did. EXTRA-141711AL INTERMENTS BILL. Kr. LACY, is proposing the seemed reading of this bill, said that in Musing it the principle had been proceeded upon that interments should not be made the subject of specalsion and prod`, and that as cen:radistioguished from the government measure, the cemeteries ehould be at a distance from 20 to 30 mi'es from town. If the govern ment proposition were confirmed the result would be, that there would be • belt of cemeteries around the metropolis, which he considered to be highly objectionable. Then, as to the occupation of the ground by the dead, according to the report of the Baird of Heaith (as the hon. gentleman was understood to say), no two persons were to be buried in the same grave, in following eat which proposition an we of land would contain oaly 1,500 bodies ; and thirefure if it were necessary every year to bury 60,000 demised inhabitants of the metropolis only, forty acres of land would bo required for the purrs* of interment on this scale. In sateen year, therefore, the whole c a pital proposed to he raised, 700,0001. would be absorbed, and tiny would have to seek fresh burial grounds. Why, therefore, he asked, should they not at once go far enough remove d, where they might have thousands of acres, without interfer ing with any, even probable populated die trict; again, it was proposed to take all the corpses down the rivet from particular districts, an arrange sent which he thought in practice would be found, if ant impracticable, at not highly inconvenient. The first was not temperable to the railway; because, by the latter, each party of mourners would be isolated, It 40 or 50 corpses ware eseaveyed in one vessel, with a train of mourners to each, the consequence would be the greatest ensfusion. The particular spot selected by the commission was at least • mile and a ilia ire= the river, and to the middle of it was two miler. This would be • great incon• sesienos to persons after going down to Erith. The surface of the ground was so much Mikan that it would be most Mesh to carry the bodies over it, after it was reached. It 1 1 wee the moat beckon piece of ground that could be found in • day's side. The chalk was below the level, and cropped out there. It was said there was no water without gong to • depth of 270 feet. The opinions of Profemon Bar low and Amsted were siren is supp ere of that opinion, but he thought tl.ey had not made a sotheient examination. The seeming effect of bury ing there would be to destroy the water. He propomd that railway companies should be authorised to make places of npulture et a distance from the town on their respective base; bet he would not take away the rights of existing ceirsterete any more then of the clergy men and where basis, seated reghn. Railway coMPlnt's slight do this at present, it sanctioned by the whole of their shareholders; hut he nuked to save them the expense of Oelellart to pediment to • bill. lie concluded by moving the sec ad reading at the hill. Mr. Alderman SIDNEY, is seconding 'h• motion, said the subject was ore fraught with so much nil niPv that the home ought to rind !er els the plate propneed. 'the bll of the government was tinultt with thi• u most difficulty. It proposed only oat banal-glue is toe vicinity of the Thames. la an immense ripstedoo, liks net of L n •oa, it was ohne men necessary to avail themselves s.f cutlets to burial gr' undo on different aide of tee town. To peen: any measure, it would be see nary to 'akin the rail way woopsehre is tt , :r aid. It was objected ill a than , Crrapalliita on Or sot t. • ra•le in Aerials; but the government lOU gun the commissioners power to de the sums thiag, sod also to set as general undertakers. thee oblostie• oleos ought to be Mel to Ike pee:onset bill —the proposal that the poor rates alietild be saddled with the cost of interment out of town when the pieties were We peer to pay it thent ee lyes. Tnis would be a serious burden on some o the poor and most populous parishes. BeliavWg both the bills to be imperfect is their present state, he would refer them both to a select sidensittee, in the hope that • good messier* might be produced. . Mr. LABOUCERK add he straggly objected to the was not of h r 11. The question before the house was not the report of the sanitary eninmissioners, nor the bill of the right hon. the Huse B.cretary, which would be mom suitably discussed when before the house, but it was whether the propowl by the hon. gentleman should be read a second time. That bill involved a principle so objeo tionable that the house could not accede to it. Even if he thought that:the report of the Board of Health was founded on erroneous principles, and that the bid of his right hoe. friend (Sir (1. Grey) ought not to be sanctioned by the house, he should still object to this bill. It empowered rail ' way companies, under the sanction of the railway commis sioners. to und. rtake and conduct the business hitherto con ducted by cemetery companies, of conveying the dead to cemeteries sad interring them there, He moted that the bill be reed a second time that day six months. The house then divided— Fir the second reading 4 Against i it The bill is accordingly lost. BOROUGH GAOLS BILL. On the motion of Mr. riven, this bill was read • second time. The remaining orders of the day were puttponed. MEDICAL CHARITIES IN IRELAND. On the motion of Col. Dooms. the (Mowing returns IMO ordered: Returns as to the medical charities in Ireland, county hospitals, or infirmaries, fryer hospitals, or any other. supported wholly or in pert from county funds (in a tabula. form.) Ssme returns for ell dispeasarier. Same for all me dical establishments under the petty law, union workhouse' inclusive. And same for any other medical 'honey, how. ever supported, sta tingS amount HoERIES .f grants and faultiest', etc. H FIS Mr. ANSTEY gave notice that he should move on Wed nesday next for leave to bring in a bill to am-nd the law relating to engines used In the capture of fish on the pea caast and the river. of Ireland. (Hear, bear.) The house adjourned at six o'clock. PARLIAMENTARY DIVISION. HOUSE OF COMMONS. ADVEBTISILMEN r DUllf. Thrums on Quintlon.—Tiat it is expedient tbat the Adverdannee Duty be repented." A A y SS; Noes, SOS. AT Adair, R. A. Fiirroy, llos. IL Osborne, Ralph Berkeley. lion. 0. Y. Greene, John Penwell, Sir G. B. lilewitt, R.'. Heyworth, Lawrteles! Pigott, Francis Bourerle, lion. E. P.I liodgroe, W. N. PiAington, Janie. Bright. John Hume, Joseph Sch .tedeld, William Broadwood, Henry Iliechinr, E. J. Stanford, J. F. Bulbetey, Sir R. Keogh, William Thonnvon, Vol. Cobden, BicliArd Kershaw, Jame. Thomism, George Corbett!, 11. L:. Lualtington. Charles Wawn, J. T. Cowan. Charles Meagher, Thorne Williams, John Crawford, W. S. blowait, !rams W) Id, James, Duff, James; Mullings, J. R. TrI.LtItS. Duncan, George Nugent, Lord Ewan, William Ens, JOllll O'Connor, reargue Gilson, T. M. THE ADVERTHIENZWE DOTT.—Mr McCulloch paired with the O'Gorman M•bon, t• favour of Mr. IC oart's moths for leave to bring in a bill foe the abolition of this duty. Vie eilirefsis. OUTGOING MAILS. The mails for British North America and the United States will be made up to-morrow evening. The mails fog Lisbon, Spun, and Gibraltar will be made an on May 17. The Weal India Mails, excluding Bermuda, Il h, Nassau, !JoAnne, New Orleans, stud :denim and ineludiv,g thee', for Madeira, St. Jsan•de•Niearssua, New Granada, Chill, and Para, will be made up on the morning of May 17. The malls eor, Gibesher, Mate, Greece, the lonise Islands, Egypt, Ceylon, India, and China. via Southampton, will be made up on the morn we of May 20. The mails rid Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, ylon, India, Hong-Kong, will be made up on the suiting of May 24. Tits mails for Msderis, the Brasile, sad Buenos Ayres, will us Esau up on the owning of Jana 4. WATSA AT lAINDON RAMO& ►w Mt —Kamm. 12%. /Iftersoce. 111. Net f•-••sao.—Monift.l 211 . 11 . 1 l LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 9. MAT, this year, has not been confined to religious meetings. Politicians and interests of all kinds have congregated en the metropolis to discuss their differ ent grievances, and different modes of seeking relief- We reported the language and the proposals of the Parliamentary and Financial Reform Asso ciation. And there have besides bei n meetings of chartists, eager for the Five Points, yet declared and determined to avoid all employ of, or recourse to, physical force in the obtain ing them. One and all of these meetings have been marked by the argumentative and pacific nature of the proceedings and resolutions. And the tory, most panic-stricken by the events and the theories of the continent, must have felt re-assured on perceiving how totally stranger to every anarchic tendency were the ideas of even ultra-liberals in this country. For all that, England, it ssems, is not without its socialist or red republican element. Never was it more conspicuous than in the speeches of the agricul turists, who met and harangued under the patron age of the Duke of Rtenmiinu, at the Crown and Acchor tavern. Their open appeal was to physical force, their final argument was civil war, their avowed hole was to attain, independent of parliament, and of course of the constitution, the re-establishment of a law which doubled the price which their fellow countrymen would naturally pay for their produce. When 'he French socialists, after the revolution of 1818, declared that the state should employ, feed, and pay the several trades , and compel the public to pay, not such price as the market would produce, but as the twits and the government, which was theisspatron, should fix, they tried and decreed the etlf-same thing that the Duke of IticiimoND and Mr. BOOKER would try with regard to corn-growers and corn. The theory of compelling the rest of the community to contribute to their profit, according to their own standard, and of compelling them by statute, is com mon to the English protectionist and the Frerch so cialist. Not only, however, are their theories and principles identical, but the mode by which they would enforce their theories. This mode is no other than mob government and physical force. We remember, when the artizans or blouses paraded the streets of Paris armed to the teeth; they were asked why they assumed this attitude, and they replied, pour fairs pour aux bourgeois, to frighten the townsfolk to submit to taxing their capital in order to constitute national workshops. Mr. Booxza, Mr. CHOWLER, and Mr. BALL make their appearance in the Strand, and use the self-same lan guage, except that their farms are to be the national workshops. These agricultural ateliers they are to work at their own discretion, and if there is not a profit, then the state shall make up the difference. In order to obtain this, the physical force farmers are resolved to mount their horses, of which they boast of having a monopoly. They evidently have been meditating to take the field. They rely on their forming the sole cavalry of the kingdom, and once upon their horses they are not to stop the combination of the peasantry, whom they avow the intention of driving to desperation and the workhouses. No —they are to hold their hands, let violence have its course, and in pursuit of this plan of agricul tural socialism, they are " to risk all, to brave all, and to dare all." More subversive and treasonable language, more decided and ferocious red-republican ism was never uttered by B•mizs or LAGRANGE. Of course such language and such principles were logically carried out. One speaker was for refusing taxes. Another, Mr. Azueurr, was for sponging off the National Debt. And these men avowed that what they proposed to do was to be done in conjunc tion with the landlords. They would take no abatement of rent. They had formed an alliance aith the landlord party to get relief, by retersing the entire legislation of the last thirty veers. They would have relief in no other way. And they would have it, not from parliament by reasoning or petition, but would force it from the Crown by intimidation. Talk of DANIEL O'CONNELL or YEARGUR O'CONNOR after this! Had these agricultural socialists the force, the sin verity, or the union they affect, it would indeed be time for honest men to combine, and to form a League of National honesty and Rights against a League of Class Spoliation. If the townspeople, their trading interests abed property, were really men aced by the farmers and their monopoly of horses, one might cry once more "To year tents, Oh Israel." But there is no need of alarm. The farmers' array of cavalry will not charge the toot phalanx of the quiet townsfolk. We will have no more Manchester mas sacre. They must know too well that however the farmer may for a time e l terenine to remain in the N..nos boat with the landlord, she !shouting man has interee's distinct from both. If communism is to be preached bylielprotectioniete, something like it might be p reached by the classes whom they THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 9, 1850. threaten. If the landlords and fanners unite, in spite, to eat off their own sows to vex their faces, and leave the land half cultivated, in order to drive the poor in misses to the work house or to &affection, a socialist philosopher would. soon discover, that the land might be given to the labourer to cultivate. If landlord and farmer are making nothing by it, neither rent nor profit, surely they imp let the peasant live out of it. He has still his spade, and the soil will not be ingrate to him. We are by no means of the school which recom mends this, but if landlords and farmers turn social ists, for the upholding of their own interests, and the destroying of every other, they can only be met by re commendations equally frantic and equally unprinci pled. One advice we would especially give the Duke of RICHMOND, and his prime minister, Mr. CHOWLIIII which is, not again to threaten that they will drive the labouring peasant out of work into combination ; and that when in combination, they, the farmers and landlords, will mount their horses, not to avert their violence. The Duke of RICHMOND and his class must be aware that if subversive and revolutionary doctrines are to be preached to the labouring class, and are to be put in practice by them, cunning men may be found to inform the peasant labourers, that if they make this insurrection, they ought to make it on their own behalf, and for their own interests, not for those of either landlords or farmers. _ These are topics and arguments which, for oar part, we carefully avoid ; we leave them to the socialist and popular writers over the water. We know the danger ; and know how readily they may be taken up, and disseminated, and discussed. They are broached, and stirred, however, by a landlord and farmer moetingoinder the presidence of the Duke of RICHMOND. It was Lord Wreciimar.a. we remember, who gave the first signal of reform in Parliament. Has it been reserved for the Duke of RICHMOND to give the first serious signal of social revolution? WE hope that the committee now sitting to examine into the question of salaries will also take into consi deration the utter irresponsibility of our colonial and diplomatic employes, and the very serious conse quences which have and may arise from theirs ilfulneFs. We have by no means • predilection for a highly centralised government—one which reduces those appointed to represent it, in places no matter how remote, to mere automatons. But there may surely be fout.d a medium between this and our system, in which any proconsul, whether governor or ambassador, can, in following his own caprice, defy alike the minister and the pub lic, nay, implicate !and disgrace the country, without it being found possible or desirable to go to the length of displacing him. Complaints have been raised against the Governor of Ceylon, against the Governor of Labium. A par liamentsry committee has at upon the one, and have discovered quite sufficient to prove culpability and folly. But Lord TORRINGTON will go unscathed. We all know how Sir HENRY WARD has behaved : the very ministerialists excuse the cruelty of HAYNAU by pointing to the flog4iogs and hangings of the Governor of the lonian Islands! Mr. MORE OTERRALL, appointed, out of compliment to the Roman catholic', Governor of Malta, out- Herod' HEROD in his cruelty and persecution to every unfortunate liberal. Nay, he masts to this very hour in continuing his proscriptions and persecu tion. In these military colonies it is however impos sible for private individuals or for the press to collect sufficient and sure materials for accusation. And accordingly, although the press has protested, parlia ment slurs over the business. The guilty parties not only enjoy complete impunity, but show themselves to Europe as crowned by the approbation of the government which employs them. Although the whig government may be judged in Italy by the cor respondence of Lord PALMERsTOY, it is known in the Levant by the praise which Lard GREY has showered upon the policy of a WARD and an OTERRALL Now as we cannot suppose Lord GREY to be of the old CASTLEREAGLI school of politics, or that he would identify his liberal name either with the hangings and . scourgings of Cephalonians or the Sir HUDSON Lowe terrors and persecutions Cf exiles at Malts, we must only conclude that he sees it inconvenient to disavow and impossible to punish his illiberal subordinates without a scandal that it would be undesirable to create. If we turn from,the colonial to the foreign depart ment, what do we see? Her MAJESTY'S ambassador at Vienna acting and writing directly in the teeth of the declarations, directions , and despatches of the Foreign-elfin. We have not the same proof of this in the pages of the blue books with resptet to Lord WESTMORELAND at Berlin. But we tee quite enough to know that a grandee ambassador, in nine cases out of ten, folloirs his own grandee notions, and snaps ' his fingers at the liberal policy or desires of the Secre tary of State. . . . It therefore becomes a question whether parliament is to support and pay a ministry for professing one set of opinions, and at the s,me time a lordly set of proconsuls for professing ant acting upon another. The fact of it is, those governors and ambassadors are too powerful, too proud, too well paid and well fed. Once appointed and trusted, they get in possession of important secrets, and repre sented as they are by party and family connexion in either house of parliament, it is not safe to irritate or dismiss them, unless they can be extinguished alto gether. An ex-governor, or an ex-envoy transferred to the opposition benches, would prove in the highest degtee inconvenient. So that instead of government being muter of its agents, its agents are really muter. of the government. In fact, the most serious faults, scrapes, and perils that the country has been brought into during late years have been the result of the conduct of gover nors and diplomatists. And a very great proportion of that obloquy which has befallen ministers at home has come of conduct for which they were in nowise cognisable or answerable, but of which they have thought themselves chivalrously called upon, or parliamentarily forced, to assume the responsibility. Selee'ed as British agents generally are, fur their unfitness rather than their fiintss, for their connexion rather than for their experience, some efficient check or control mast be put upon them, either by the government, by parliament, or by the public. It is quite evident that government will not punish nor even reprimand, that parliament is too easily baffled and hoaxed, and that the public is too careless and ignorant in colonial and foreign affairs to warrant the press in taking the matter in hand with that zeal and that expenditure which such subjects would require. Hence the TORRINGTONS, the WARDS, and the O'FERRALLS escape; and the malefactors that ought to be gibbeted in the public eye, are literally re warded with civic crowns by the perverse and peevish contrariety of the very chief that should inflict the punishment. But if no effectual remedy be apparent, there is at least one step to it very feasible and obvious. Reduce the salaries, let the offico become the aim and the reward of the man of business and experientc, not the retreat of the bankrupt lord or broken-down politician. As lor gas the country gives 80001. and 6,0001. a year for the performance of highly agreeable duties, these ditties will be sought by men who are quite above either duty or business—men who, as governore, will infallibly play the monarch, and give themselves up to the old court or official clique, or who, as diplomatists, will merely try to make one of the most fashionable and stupid circle which maintains itself by court favour and court exclusion. As long as we pay sut.h men, we shall have Lord PONSONETS SlEVOling METTERNICH, and Lord WESTMORELANDS waving their hats and hurraing at meetings of retrogrades and ultras. We must pull down the nests to get rid of these old rooks ; and that can only bus done by making a sweep of princely and preposterous salaries. Tug case of the Chester and Holyhead Railway, which has at last been brought bef ire the House of Commons, is as sad, as it is a simple one. En couraged by the imperial government,acompauy was formed to shorten the route between the English and the Irish metropolis; but no sooner did the company bind itself t.i execute this great national work, and ceivo lrom the legislature the necessary legal powers, than in stepped the Admiralty and re quired it to spend nearly a million sterling more than the oricinally contemplated works required or the originally prepared estimates anticipated, in bridges constructed on principles previously un known in wrehanice; and this to save a few hundred Welsh coasters from a SRIe thoonvenience to which ordinary railway bridges might perhaps have put them. This was Admiralty ex on the first. The second was to insist that the Railway Com pany, whom expenditure was thus inordinately in creased by the western:don of tubular bridges, should come under obligations to the Admiralty to lay out 200,0001. in improving and deepening the harbour of Holyhead. This was extortion the second. Well ; as some compensation for these two enter tione, the Company proposed to the legislature that it should have powers granted it to carry on steam na vigation between the line it was constructing, and the harbour it was to deepen and the Irish metropolis. Such powers it had hitherto been the policy of parliament not to grant railway companies, fearing very unnecessa rily as events have everywhere turned out, that the great capital of railway companies would enable them to destroy the competition of navigation com panies and of private enterprise and, by such destruc tion, give them ultimately the same monopoly of water pamage as they already enjoy of land transit. Notwithstanding this general policy, parliament, on Sir Itonen2 PEEL'S earnest recommendation, made an exception in favour of the Cheater and Holyhead Railway Company, and bestowed on it authority to carry the passengers they brought to Holyhead over to Dublin an their own steam-vessels. The ground on which Sir ROBERT PEEL urged the Home of Commons into this exceptional legislation was the public advantage. This, argued the light honourable baronet, then first minister of the crown, is not a mere railway communication between the small but interesting town of Chester and the insigni ficant port of Holyhead ; it is the establishment of the speediest route between London and Dublin ; let UP, therefore, ensure its completion and its sucetraul operation, by placing its service throughout in the hands of one company. Such was the reasoning of Sir ROBERT PEEL. Parliament yielded to it ; broke through its rule, and made the Chester and Holyhead Railway Company a Steamboat Company also. Alas ! the boon only plunged the company deeper than ever into the slough of despond. Fur, no sooner had they built their steamers and placed them on the station, than their old plague, the Admiralty, rushed into hot competition with them for the ear riege of passengers over the Channel. This was bad enough ; but it did not last long. The House of Commons reported generally against such unprofitable and expensive operations as Admiralty trading in the conveyance of goods and passengers; and directed the mails to be conveyed by contracts. This change opened a hope for the unfortunate company. It was prepared to take the mails, it brought from Chester, across the water, and eke rem* net, however, at any extravagant sum, for the Admiralty brings no charge of inordinate demands against the company : but at rates merely remu nerative of the capital parliament had encouraged it to lay out in steam-ships. But no. Whether it is that there is fatality attending all of this un happy company'saffsirs or whether there is a predeter mination on the Admi ralty's part to ruin it, we know not; but this much is certain, that the Admiralty, notwithstanding an intimation of the Company's de sire to negotiate tor the contract, disregarded the in- Vmation, and were on the point of concluding arrangements with an Irish company for 50,0001. i year, when the terms were discovered, and competition was re-opened. The company now offered to take the contract for 35,0001. being 15,0001. a year less than the Ad miralty, were about giving to its rival; when the Irish Company again interposed, and, proffering now to do for 30,0001. a year what they were nearly getting 50,0001. for doing, obtained the contract. Thus, for the sake of saving 5,000/. a year, the Chester and Holyhead Railway Company is agan injured by the Admiralty. This last blow, however, has driven it to desperation ; and to an appeal to the House of Commons, by which a committee was on Tuesday appointed CO consider its wrongs. To shorten the route between London and Dublin ne few hours, and to reduce the coat of transit some few shillings, upwards of five millions sterling have thus been spent by a railway company, called into existence principally by the action of the Irish interest on the imperial government. Yet, in conse quence of the demands of the government on this company, of the severity of its contracts with it (for the company has a Post-office contract by which that department saves several thousands a year), and of the disfavour shown it by the Admiralty, the present prospect is, that that enormous outlay will be utterly unprofitable. The company might not have been a very profitable one, had it been differently treated; but, char];, the depth cf its present misfortunes is the result of the conduct of the Admiralty ; just as the present plight of Birkenhead is attri butable to the Woods and Forests. And there is, at least, some moral obligation on both depart meats to do what in them lies to undo the mischief they have perpetrated. What this is in reference to the Chester and Holyhead Railway Company, the committee will perhaps state. The conduct of these two departments to compa nies incorporated for the execution of great public works is very generally complained of. There is scarcely a railway or a dock company in the king dom to which one or other has not unnecessarily caused delay and expense. And the Woods and Forests is now carrying on, in the name of the sove reign, a crusade to obtain possession of all the land between high and low water marks in England worth looking after. thus, when two years ago a committee of the house remarked to Lord CARLISLE, on the fact that the value of the Woods and Forests' property did not increase like other property, his lordship in geniously replied, that he hoped it would increase when they got possession of all the unoccupied water side property in the kingdom. And on tsis precious scheme the department is now acting; as the suit in Chancery between it and the Corporation of London testifies. LORD ASIILEY AND TILE FACTORY ACT. Gentlemen,—lt has become my duty to state to yen, without further delay, the course that I would advise you to pursue in the present position of the Factory Hill in the House of commons. I am bound to act as your friend, and not as your delegate ; atd I counsel you, therefore, to accept forthwith the propositions made by her Majesty's government as the only means of solving the ditfi maiden in which we are now placed. I wish most heartily for your sakes that tl.ey con- tained an unqualithdl:mitation to 10 hours daily ; bat I am induced, nevertheless, for the following reasons, to give you that counsel: 1. 'rho dispute is now limited to a struggle about two hours in the week—whether the aggregate toil shall be 58 or GO hours; the government plan requir ing two additional hours, but giving an equivalent in exchange. 2. Tne plan imposes a most important and bene ficial limitation of the range over which the work may be taken, reducing it from 15 to 12 hours in the day, thereby preventing all possibility of shifts, relays, and other evasions—a result which cannot be attained by any other form of enactment. This has always been my strong conviction, and I cerried the question by the separate divisions in 1841. o. It s:cures to the working people, for recreation and domestic duty, the whole of every evening atter 0 o'clock. - - - 4. It provides fora later by half an hour in the morning. 6. It insures additional leisure tinto on cv.ty Saturday. 6. Because this arrangement would secure, I b it of work lieve, the co.operation of the employers—a matter of no slight importance in the goed working of any measure, and essential to the harmony and good feeling we all desire to see in the vast districts of our manufactures. But there are other reasons, drawn from the em barrassments of our present position. 1 have already described to you in a farmer letter the ro ceastty 1 have been under (after making many essays and taking many learned opinions) of introducing a clout's to prohibit relays wt ich oontains new matter and im poses fresh restrictions. 'flits unavoidable step on my part sets at liberty many members who consideted themselves engaged to maintain the honour of par liament, and thus endangers the success of the in-s -sure ultimately, and certainly the progress of it in the present session. Its progress, even were the bill un opposed, would be difficult under the heavy pros-ute of public business ; but opposed as it would be, post ponement would be inevitable. Now, I gri ally rear delay; 1 retrain from stating my rerAons; but I repeat, 1 greatly fear delay, as likely to be preduclive of infinite mischief, mid which may pomlibly com pletely alter your relative and &Anal position. I have tried to discover the beightaide of postpone ment, but I cannot perceive any advantage in it what seevet. You will stand no better in the next session Wan you do in this; you may possibly stand worse. The two hours are, I know, your unquestionable right; but, on the other band, the range of 15 hours is the unquestionable right of the employers : the exchange they offer is fair, and the gain is on your side. In giving this counsel, I know that I shall be ex posed to sad misrepresentations; bat it is my duty not to do that which will secure applause to myself, but that which will secure protection to your families and children. I should be overkyed to obtain for jon the full concession of the two hours in the week, but such an issue seems to my mind next to impossible; and in the protracted struggle to reach the 10, you ' incur the hszsrd of being brought to 11 hours. Post ponement must foilow conflict; division among the operatives will follow postponement; and when once you are a divided body your cause will be irre trievably lost. It will be necessary to insert the word "children " into the clause introduced by Sir George Grey, in order that the youngest workers may be sure to enjoy the benefit of tae close of the daily labour at six o'clock. With this view I shall accept the amendment pro by the minister, in the bumble but assured rope that the issue will be blessed to the moral and social amelioration of your great community. I am, gt ntlemen, Your very faithful friend and servant, May 7. ASHLEY. The Short Time Committees of Lancashire and Yorkshire. FRANCE. THE NEV ELECTORAL LAW. PARIS, WEDNEADAT EVENING, 8 O'CLOCK. In the Assembly, to-day, M. Baroche read the ex position of motives, and the clauses of the Electoral Law. The Left demanded the previous question. Upon this being rejected a debate opened upon the question of urgency, which was decided by oasis and leer, by a large majority in favour of the urgency. The tribunes of the Legislative Assembly were never so crowded as in the memorable sitting of to day. The diplomatic box was filled entirely with ladies. Eugene Sue was present, as well as Cilfavru, and the other members for the Saone et Loire. After the adoption, amid considerable noise and burning impatience, of some chapters of the budget of public works, the Vice-President (Dupia is gone to Nievre) gave the parole to the Minister of the Interior. M. Baroche, amid breathless attention, ascender' the tribune, and proceeded to read the exposit on of motives for the Electoral Reform Bill. It states, said he, that the present law is detective, and that discontent is manifest, d. Of all the provi sions in the present law the most dangerous is that which confers the right of voting by six months residence. Thus the elector, under certain circumstances, may vote successively in several de partments. It is urgent to remedy this incon venience. The constitution requires that the vote shall take place by cantons in the place of the real residence. Is the electoral law conformable to this principle ? We propose for the electoral domicile a residence of three years, that is during a period equal to that of the legislation. The proof of domicile is founded on an inscription in the assessment of personal taxes ; we propose to take as the basis of the existence of domicile, the payment ot these taxes during three years. But the persons who live in the domicile of their fathers or mothers, as well as workmen, and servants, shall be exempt from payment of these taxes, provided they shall have inhab.ted the same domicile during three years. Soldiers shall be exempt bo ti from the requirements of domicile and payment of taxes. Thus, conformably with the constitution, the election will not be depc dent on taxation, the payment of personal taxes being only taken as an evidence of domicile. Another objevionable point in the law of March 15 is the enumeration of the causes of incapacity. These c.uses are too limited. The new law proposes a new enumeration. A third point requires that one-eighth of the electors shall vote to validate the election. The new law requires for the first vote the fourth of the electors inscribed on the electoral Hein. The ob ligation of replacing representatives in the Assembly shall be extended to six months. The minister con cluded by demanding " urgency " for this law, be cause of the agitation endeavoured to be propa gated on account of this law. (Great contusion and clamour on the Left.) The provisloas of the bill are as follows : Art. 1. In the twelve days which follow the promulgation •ell the present law, the electoral list shall be drawn up for each commune by the mayor. Art. 2. Ihe electoral list shall eampriae In alphabetical order-1. MI Frenchmen who have completed their twenty. first year, enjoying civil and political rights. 2. Those who not baying acquired the condition of age and domicile will acquire them before the closing of the lista. Art. 3. Tree condition of domicile shall be attested (1) by inscription on the list of those assessed fur the poll tax persolialle). (2 ) By the declaration of fathers and miners for their eons domicilisted with them. (3 ) By the declarations of masters fur workmen of the registered age employed by them and staying in their establishments (4 By the exercise of public functions at a determined place. li.) By military service. Art. 4. Tne declarations shall be made in writieg upon formulas delivered gratis. These declaratious shall be given to the mayor from the Ist to the 314 of December. The fathers, mothers, masters, and patrons, who cannot make their declarations in writiag must present themselves, an companied by two witnesses domiciliated in the commune, beture the mayor, in order to make their declarations. Every false declaration shall be punishable as a meselemeanour by a tine of from 100 to 200 francs, imprisonment from 6 months to two years, and interdiction from the right of voting or of being eligible during 3 years at least and 10 years at most. Art. b. Whoever quits the commune upon the electoral list of which he is inscribed, shall continue to be inscribed on that list during three years, on condition of attesting in the forms and conditions prescribed by Art. 3 his domiediation in the commune of his new residence. Art. 6. Are not to be inscribed on the electoral lists t —l. The individuals designated in Paregraphe 1,2, 3,5, 6,7, 8, of Art. 3of toe law ot March 15, 1549. 2. The individuals designated in Sec. 4 of the same article, whatever may have been the duration of the imprisonment to which they have been subjected.; 3. Functionaries of the government dis missed in virtue of judicial sentences. 4. Persons condemned for rebellion, outrages against the public authorities or against those entrusted with the public force ; for crimes foreseen by the law upon attrottpentents, and the law upon clubs, during five years from the day of their condemnation. Art. 7. Soldiers in active service shall continue to be dis tributed in each locality in electoral sections by depart ments. Their tickets shall be collected and sent to the head place of the department in a sealed packet, and mixed in the different electoral sections of the head town with the tickets ot the other electors. Art 8. No person is elected or proclaimed representative at the tired tom of the ballot, unless he has re-united a number of votes equal to a quarter of the electors in scribed on the totality of the electoral lists of the department, or one more than the half of the votes which have been given. At the sewed turn of the ballot, which is fixed ter the 2nd Sundry which follows the day ot the proclamation of the re stilt of the lit ballot, no one is elected unless he has gained a numb, r of votes equal to the quarter ot the electors imeribed, and the relative majority. At the 3rd turn of the ballot, which will take place on the 4th Sunday which follows the day of pre - clereation of the result of the 2nd ballot, the election will go by the relative majority, whatever be the number of sui feign obtained. Art. 9 In case of vacancies by option, resignation, d, cease, or otherwise, the electorel college, which is to provide for the vacancies, is to meet within the term of six tuouthe. Art. 10. In the cities, where the quota to the hue nee. et persourted is paid in totality or in putt by the municipal chest, the list of those who ere liable to the here personnelie, drawn up by the comptroller of direct contribu• 1 tions, assisted fey repartiteurs, and which serves to deter mine the contingent of the commune, shall be submitted each year to the municipal council. The inscription upon the list of those liable to the impost shall be equivalent to inscription on the roll of the p rsonal tax. Art. 11. Purely re.dementaire and transitory, determines the condition of the formation ot the new electoral lists upon bates established by the present law. Tits rEIdOIDENT.—A OOrtION of the assembly has de mand d the previous queer ion on the urgency. (Oh ! oh ') A VOICE on the left.—Yea! yes! we demand it. To the tribune. THE PILENIDENT.—The previous question having the pre cadence will be put to the vote. The vote took pl we in the midst of great agitation. The result wars 10T 010 previcus question, 197 ; ag einft, 453. Number of votes, 6)0. Coustelerable es..itement and agitation were now mai (eyed, when Od. bliciteL (de Bourges) demanded permission to speak on the question ot " urgency." He °premed the demand with peat warmth, and argued that nuthiug would justify itta brew l gra p y ro ity d eir a c s um re e men iances s, and hut th th e is puti i 4e m oc e i , te a tti h c a l i•s origin and reason in the very law now proposed, the speaker chsiged, the majority with having lerought into the electoral contest civil war, tVeulent emermues.) Several Voices on the is you who have dune that with which you reproach us. MICIIBL (etc Warps) persisted, in the midst of the most violent tumult sad the calls to order of the rr•si. dent, r l i a n d t ee s. la ir ri: inst that 'they theeyboothsin might on d° u ey pl at nothing could hinder the people when they stolid d. e n "; t was earr g von i # d on. which tae roving (This Called down on the quaker an increased bunt o f indignation.) Gas. LllllllEl'Ol4 ascended the tribune to declare that 'hy insurrection of June covered with disgrace those who t. part in it. (Applause from the Right.) M. GO AAAAA DE lire FRONT supported the urrrny, vi , h a view ot• putting an end to the enciti meat teasel by the project of law, which way, in his opioiun, inopp,rtue e ard ill advised. (Various exclamations.) , M. VICTOR LRFRANC opposed the urgency, an d chtervied that the excitement predueed by the project of law st,,,i d be allowed time to allay itself. The PitEBIDENT-1 WWI to consult the t 4 know it it will take into consideration th e question ot'lt. geney. The Mountain only and some members of the tiersp q ,,, amongst whom were General I.:assignee and Gtr.si-; Lamoriciere, gave their vote. against the urgency, el is a very large majority rose in favour of it. The rt.. urgency was taken, accordingly, into consideration. The Assembly roan at half put tire, amidst the grestsl agitation. The express from London, for trial of the Bouloo e line to Paris, arrived about 2 o'clock to-dey, which time the London pap, re of this moral, g we r e lying on my table. I read the debate on Mr. Ewart' l motion, and heartily regret that he was beaten. Tilt express left London at five minutes pa s t i a „. arrived at Folkestone at twenty-three minutes 1a . ,. six, and reached Boulogne, after an unuiiva ly passage, occasioned by the heavy wird: weather, at nine o'clock, whence it proceeded by an express train. It reached Amiens at Cel la o'clock, and finally arrival in Paris at twenty inizeites past two. The death of Lori William Hervey creat e , a vacancy in the poet of secretary of the British te. luny in Purls. I underetand that Mr. Jern n4l.ga, formerly secretary of embassy at Madrid, and a: sent holding the same rank at Constattinop!e, promoted to the vacant past at Paris. It io that Mr. Edwards., first ateadof, at Paris, will secretary of legation at Madrid. It may be as .0. to observe that there is a difference between ceete•ery of legation and secretary of tmbaeay, as the fors, in case of the absence of his principal, takes tie ca. and receives the pay of chargé d'sitfaireg, whi •-. e latter stands on the eJme footing as a minister potentiary. The third and last velume of the budget cf 1 •rte distributed yesterday in the Assembly. It contsi...•: budgets of war and marine. The latter in exi:it 107 millions. The diminution is insignificant. service of the navy for 1851 will corei;nt armed vessels, of which 61 are earl, and 61 stea:.. The effective force of sailors embarked or in port will be 22,561. The total of the war I; is 306 millions, the effective fere* 3b4,000 men, -LJ 86,060 horses. This is a diminution of 21,1iiiii : and 2,000 horses, and a diminution on the troll • 10) millions, which, togahi r with the cconom: en . rated on the extraordinary works, presents a t.. , taring of 12 millions. M. I'ectiniesnil and others have presented a project to that of the government on the lae mayors. Yesterday, at two o'clock, the President of the :. public, accompanied by General Changarnier, at,i • carted by a platoon of the guides end a half-Nue:- of caraloneere, went to the f:rt of Aubetvilli. -,e : he reviewed the two battaliot s of tne 14th ltekri:- • "The President of the It-pub!;. - : intends," toys Beelletitt de Paris, "to visit Fontainebleau in course of the week. A sp. visa train has been muscled on the (Means Railway, and verbal ice... tions have been given to several members of tie .1• sembly, and to 93010 superior cffieers of the 477.: through the medium of one of his aides-de-eatrp hour of meeting is fixed for twelve o'clock pre •,. at the Elyeee." General Lebreton has presented two prep-n'• to the Assembly. The flint is to increase to 3,ie ; trance chapter 8 of the s.cono section of the L: of public work., for the railway from Par:. Iteroes ; and the second is as follows : 1 , Med The Minister of the Interior shall ccn.t.ler of ;he m, of distribu•ing immediately to the wout , :ed of June ; - si•mal assistance in proportion to th.. pensions c n. . them acc.rding to the different c,trunti.a in which.r. classed by the bill on natimsl recompenses. F r than four months, men, d• priv,d of the means ~t which enafled them to support their fansi.it 5, in of the wounds they received in June in the delec,e • ; . are subjected to the most frightful misery. S.E.h a • . thir.gs cannot be prolonged withr.ut cumpromiriT 4 - nity of the Assembly. 1 demand urgency for my r • . The question as to the right to sell in shop. j f*Jr the ease of which otherwise than at ti ,• • publication, or by supply to subscribers. p re had not been granted by the Prefect of l'o;;L• brought yesterday before the Correction Three persons who had sold such jourraii at:" demned to a fine of 25fr. each and the cost-. M. Courtois, who wag condemned by dersn:•. :3rd inst., to a year's impricoment and I - 1,000 fr., for an inflammatory speech a: ar, l• meeting, appeared yesterday before a j;:ry to • trial. He was found guilty, and the sari was pronounced. An additional period of went of two years was axed in the event of payment of the fine. M. Mortimer Ternanx has presented •hr rep the budget of the Assembly. ft is rix:d at •- . of 7 millions, a reduction of I. a million on s; • Bt/UktSF PARIS, ILAT S. I For k..r AI 2,1„,,, y , )IXMLII4: I Let,:. --- - 3 per Ceuta. 35 23 1 51 U I 5 3 per Ceuta. S do. New Loam ~ ii per Ceuta. I 1 per Ceara. F2.2.4hiilp as 1.011.07011: ut t , igKt, 2.. • Belgian, 5, 1010 Do. 5, 1142 1)0. 14 Do. 21 Piedmont 3 per Cants 53 60 „ , tuna Bums.—Bt. Germans, 333; c••••ai:les ',AL.. left but, 133; Paris and Dr:em., 71.. V., Rouen and llarre, —; Mar.....: 06 and 3.3 r: u bonne and Bale, 103 75: tirltuar. and Vter....r 3: • . Ikndeafax,337 50; North, 411 75: 1`...n.ue , 1 and .I.,ate% 221 23; Dieppe and lecamp, r... SPAIN. The Madrid Gazette of th:. 3rd contains i decree, nominating "lion Francisco Javier de I. senator of the kingdom, envoy extraora:na: minister plenipotentiary to the Queen of t;:. twin and Ireland." Died gree is signed by t!:, and countersig:.ed by M. 1'4161, e: I Affairs. The Herahlo, the semi-official organ, haS A article expressing great sstiotac.ion at the !.s. of the differences with Englar,d. MAT Three per CenUk. tot p 30 3-Iti ; FOAM% 1:1 paper, I ',set rash; Coupons. les.h. 0 paper: OUT S 13.16 paper ; r o.tti el ps - per :bika;AZ. ITALY. ROMAN STATES. We read in a letter trout ltome, of the The Roman gov.rnment has to-dav ennoun ,,, stitu'ion of a new bauk. Th. erntrel , tli;o ai:i but' there will be two branch retablbhm, vtnews, one at Bologna and the other at APen`lll tai will `Je two millions of crowns tobout It tot The shares will be to bearer. The b.inla wta t , e stituted when half of the capital ha• bred etc , government may constitute it de fiteto w,t't a The privilege will be granted tor tt n 'No h 1,50000 crowns, and fur twenty.fuur ”s!!!. , . I ° . lions. The honk engages to cote at the twat 400,000 crowns in gold or in saver. The Lg." diocotoat will be six per cent. • Oa the 27th ult. Father John lioothan, the Jesuits, arrived at Rome from SleLly. GERMANY. AUSTItIA. The Drutseho Any e meiti, Zeittobi hen :c.... , .r Trieste ut the Ist inst., stating that, aceor,:o . last advice% f , om ltalmatia, the city of St.i,. bt en utterly destroyed by frequent vont' a sudden irruption a sulphurous sit-it:g-• . Were toot, a. all the ittltathitunte lett thi k 0 .' was finally destroyed. 11.VV.%1t1.k. . Letters front Munich, ul Nlay tl, state :!..i. Wallerstsiu has handed tho tollewing 11.1.,; , -‘ livrtiviti question through the vr..6.51e...t ,'I - chamber to .he goverom , ot : -What is tart re , of Gonna'. affairs --do. a thun sus tart. o, , h'• • government. a united tlrratisay—wh..t is It. e ." and where its urger 1 Iles tho I .v.....” .. st , Adfastly adhsred to its .'spr.sa'd .0,,•, that the old cuottitution of ISt' e.m.tot 1 ,, having been rejected by the nation, and lb':