The Express. — London, England, 1861-02-15 00:00:00

eriotituetwies is Esiberd. sad boil tberefeee • first claim to ' hr represeuted. He proketed spied this attempt of the g..wernment t.. e. ape from the performance of • great duty by Iqt...entitle to the Muse this trumpery hdl. 'The right beam, dale evetlemao had been end to sl e heer the great mountain of ref. , rm he this " ridicules mm; ~ but if there wan one per...a more qualified then another for the tank it was. th e noble lord the member for London. (A lamb I The rums...lit had takes advantage of the (rd. nature .4 th • hon. e -ontleman, and bail imposed 00 bet, W... 11.1 a t *Av I hi. servile-•bnt tht• ridiculous teak. The ri g ht leo. problem weeny did his work well, and he h 0t ...4 th e Lou.. would sot allow him to he made a mare /tie., d . I I Lirigh.) He 1 the liberal party would bold the r ita. rissnest to the lirie rat of its great duty, sal tb„,i would sot allow it to escape by such a cm triveora as t ►ie. They had takes aka for ova pest duty, which it was their duty to fulaL Nay, snore ; they had euelederetd together to &mime a former government be cause it war thought it did not criacientiously fulfil that dote. Their have put that forward as a ground an which thee iambi the +overarms to chasm her Ministry. Nay, they may be mid to have forced themselves on the ' , service. murprag her peat preroptive. Hut is doing that they have hers buoyed op by the popular sympathy, keeeuse they were believed to be 'uterine oe office for the performance de greet duty. Hot one that they have got *Mee thereseit to mope fees their ditty on the hollow =%M$ the bill brought forward. which was full el wes subjected to gelatine, and thus availed them. mhos el the Wpm of their bin as as excuse for abashing thesseelese Hem the purformeare of their dote. There Siam woe wash a esstrirance as tide Rut they Will learn, we every whelks takee plena that they will lave thwarter sal week sad that if they rio sot fate this question sou illy Wu .111 Molt clown, step by step, till they step mat el ease, the objects of universal contempt soil dri ven. (few.) Leal TALEERIIITON—We are sot to be swayed io the hest &gee% wee are we &sated, by the megoillessit the hers. and learned mailman. (A laugh.) ritligle elf miglity well for the bee. sawalwor to wriereprewsot the leilahrt at Yee iewenaarea. We do eel propose thin mea sure as s sal. sty far • passel inesewre of reform. We Mated I Ma swileiestly the seasess for which we did ma Willi it war away is We emilwe le Wag is what is exiled • =sad semprelemoira memera, sad I thick milk that who emsersheir the 'owes which was adopted test yew, by podium ea thieving of the hoese. as well as by ser who rit eppirilte • (shims sod lahter) ammo, beermer they way Isms to mane fee ls their bearta ea sh :rzwesa aeenehileawat that her Majesty.goverament set le the. worms al parillamisat have called on the boram to mead as weary hours as mew meat lad year, sot la disessnina but is ever/log sod shelving a measure of re fers Omar, -4serrateg it by the relossed fries& at the .see, gene as mach as by those agiuwt it. Tiseretore, Mr, I repeat, all throe sodomise's" sod accuestions of the Lea serinher see teealle adestadwl. 'W, therefore. in so degree Whet She diameter, or smodieg, or reputatios et her 31apety% 'wannest. (Cheers.) Sir, haring upon mature dehlendins so rte 1., the conviction that it was not for the polibc edvaansie that we moull call on parliament in the Tersest semion to renew those long olinewnin.oB 00 a reseed awl comprelieseive measure of reform, we did sot feel that It was • detyfad to permit them four sent. totrienaia vacant say Imager, the rearm why so arrangement had been pre- Mende pesaisil Node; been that from sou. to year it wag 'expected they ha indu.led in mine general memure rt 4 referee W a tertaiely dal Dot expert that say proposed which we might teak" for the distributioe of them four seats would sot be met by an inioite number of coaster. preperisle. It wee write clear to to that m these fair mats lielongol to two English boroughs, the gessral r. ringeniest would Ise that they should he allotted to four Eugloh evestitoescics. We dal Dot disguise from ourselves that the moment we nude that proposal we should hem mow restlesnan foe., Scotland reposing that they should he given to Set•latwl. and ...me gentleman front Ireland elaimimr them for Irrland ; nO.l that we .1 , 01114 have, se we preloisly shall when we '.me into committee, various grill men prop sting a diffeomt armagement in England. It was sot to the Ont.,. of things that, whatever proposal aright be Made, comiteepropotals should sot be • agaim t it. Hut myself am of opinion that wheer• home cernw in emit.. nee to consider the different pommels and counter.proisoals, they will be of opinion that the sreingenient we perry set i. on the whole as fait :is any other that could he profs, el a; 'test it. It is quite true that mere numbers err not the crate on which tbe representation of t h e country .boob) be founded. This House of Commove is a grist loge.) itive machine. It ought to represent sat simply number., hut all the various interests of the coun try -icheers),-- all the different intelligesce of the errantry, and all thane elements which ars essential fur the proper antn,li Of a peat arienibly that I. to direct the general Sawed and destine., of the country. Well, I think that the manner in whi-h we promos to distribute them four mats is sound in that principle. The two places that were disfranchised were two °imperatively small boroughs. We do sot prapnau to give them four seats to two comparatively small towns. We propose to give two of them to two Frost couotisis—two counties where there are manufacturine interests sod agricultural interests. Well, these are interests which ought to have their opinions reemmatol in tli... house. We give another member to a place of a dig. rent character. namely, • growing seaport town, with interests ilifferetit from those of the two °owe ties. We propose the fourth to be given to a new borough to he erected out of a very growl( and thriving part of this metropolis. Well, perhaps that which has excited in some degree the seal and energy of the hem member who has jest sat down may be the sort of manner in which, by throe sounds which are not articulate, an °prairie vs. expressed that no acidities should be made to the metropolitan members. et laugh.) That naturally excited solowleereed anituatimon the partof the hon. mem ber. He may have been remelted by the complinwala after wards paid by th...e who spoke, and perhape derailment which came at that rw.ment front the house may have shows that its feeling wee led so unfavourable as it seemed. I think, however, that Ketisieetou and (beta's are very fit to be crested into a )semigh. That would be a very ro. preventatiou, and it would represent interests that deserve to be represented in this home. I do not amour is thinking that it is inexpellieut, became it would be as rilditiou to the metropelitan members. I feel great respect for throe members, sad I do not at all comer iu that opinion of them which excited the indignation of the hoar. member. I will sot go farther into the matter. I think there is so case for my addition to Scotland or Ireland. We ere deeding with four meta beloomne to England, which were forfeited Is otmearmeeeo of the corruption of the two boroughs to which they Wormed We had to look round England to nee bow we should dispose of them fur the public intends. I think we have dimmed of them so as to give reprosenta- Hoe to as great a variety of interesta as can be done with so mall s atunben of meta ; sad I think the home will be el opisies, in committee' oe the various proposal., that our proposed is se Food and as reemealge as any one that ma be set against rt. beers.) Mr. KN iHTLEW nonitidstl the house that he amities' with whore he had the honour to act had always wished le I place the comities awl Iseoughs on an 'soul footing as re garded the fee:whim (Hem.) That was what the late go vernment proposed to .10, sad yet they were turned out by the present government, and mow they had got a very 400 reform ball io its plot. (A legith4 Sir C. L le, in reply, observed that there were seine members is that Mom whom satiated reform were of es colossal a "cheep% that every measure which was submitted to the house wet callol he them "a pitiful shorties." f" Hear," awl laughter.) The reform measure of last year was called by some hon. members " a miserable elsortioa," sad by others, "revolutionary." The hon. gentleman the member for the Tower Hamlets (Mr. Ayrtno) thought at to call the measure which be was shout to intrudes-it "a miserable ahortion." Now, thee bill was pf•ellay what it I professed to be, sir. , a measure for appropriating four essta which were at proved vacant. Now, the right hoe. gee llama the memb..r for Rocks, is l'iM, propmed a measure precisely similar to that ooe which the bee. member for the Tower Hamlet" now called " a pitiful abortion," but that Indelinff was r , jr..teil. (Hear, bear.) If the mmerneoret did sot interfere in this matter as they now proposed to do, I the result erreibl be great ceaftieices. (Hear, bear.) He trusted that whatever decisive the home might arrive at. they would think that the course the gorenoneet had adopted was it. far the most convenient' way of bringing this rilmtion trader its notice. (Hear.) 1.•••• was given to Lriaa in the bill. .S it SC lOOLB (SOOTLAND). Mr. eri,-,s; tile moved for return of the erveval pumosar sch.sds, high whool., and other burgh schools, lathe barges a Scotland subject to the adialaistratiee of tar aisgklesise and • coos. il, :tad sot falba; easier the 433rd George_ e. N. or pro ra ted with eateries to the tesebses thermader • ertties forth the Dumber of teachers la overreach echoed, and . veify 1,..- matte ..f the present teachers are io•mb•ra of the establided chervil of seet ed. the number of appoint nients of teachers 10 every sock school during the last sixty years, awl the ',umber of mimeo' in which the teachers appointed during that period were examined and pears' by the presbytery of the boasts, ad subscribed the codes. sten et faith awl formula, Lc._ _ After a Nw remarks hum Mr. BLACKBUILV, who objected to the eayrea•inu "established" church of Scotlocal, The returns were ordered. LAW OF FOREIGN 00IINTRIEq. Ur. DU. iiir morwl fur leer. to to :bill to a ffnrd 1.-Ilitise for the better serertabeaseat of the las of Porto comsat.% when pleaded is courts withia her Majesty's 1111!nOni. Leave way gives. POOR REMOVAL, Ac.. LAW AMEN;DMENT BILL Mr. VILLIF.RB obtained leave to bring in • hill to amend the lase weevil* the removal of the poor aryl the eostri bolion.s4pwrishor to the common Lied in unions. The bM wa• read a bast time. POOR REMOVAL, he., LAW AMENDMENT FOR $4 ANDYH AND IRELAND. Mr. VILLTVIt't al AO obtained leave to bring is a bill far the eaminilnieut of the law rebating to the removal of poor perms, to ltrotland awl Ireland. Mr. DUNLOP aaked whether it would enable the anther ritier to remove pout permits from Scotland to Ireland? Mr. VILLIERE- No; it does Dot. The bill alai then reed a fine time. and ordered to be printed. The bean adjourned at belf-past twelve o'clock. Another candidata for tha vacancy in the repre istasfies of Cork bee bees is the p. tO O O o f N r . Nichol= P. Loathe. THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 15, 1861. ‘IIOOIID- HA ND PIANOPORTIB. not. BULL sad Oa WM • 11110 111111101111114 essarlired Pliesiirws, tais mot wassmil grosig Mani yelar.-401, Lapaiatrest. Vie reactionary party in the country would have been oonstantlY encouraged and reinforced, whilst the Italian army must have been weakened by detaching a sufficient number of troops to watch the BOURDON garrison. But now that the place is in the hands of the Italian Krrto it will be to him a source of strength instead of weakness. It will not only serve as a store house of arms and ammunition, but in the case of any reverse the Italian army will be able to fall beck under its walls in order to recruit their strength, organize insurrection in the rear of their adversaries, or await foreign aid. In short, the same advantages which the BOURBON Princes enjoyed by the possession of these strongholds in the Neapolitan territory will now be transferred to the King of ITALY. And as these fortresses were the chief means which enabled a race of profligate princes to hold their seat amid the contempt of Europe and the exe crations of their people, it will be difficult to over estimate the stability which these same fortresses will add to that power of VICTOIL EMMANUEL which even now rests upon the affectionate admi ration of an united Italy. THE NAVY ESTIMATES.-(THIS DAY.) This morning the Navy Estimates for the year 1861-2 were issued to the members of the legisla ture. They show a net decrease of 806,6251. The grand total is 12,029,4751. For wages to seamen and marines the snm re quired to be voted is 3,122,5801., being a decrease from last year of 354,1771. ; victuals for ditto, 1,328,2591., being a decrease of 129,8281. ; Admiralty office, 161,1571, being an increase of 877/. ; coastguard service, &c., 253,4221., being a decrease of 34,303/. ; scientific branch, 63,851/, being a decrease of 471/. ; her Majesty's establish ments at home, 172,0471., being an increase of 1691. ; her Majesty's establishments abroad, 33,6401, being an increase of 2,6871. ; wages to artificers,&e., employed at h0me,1,112,126/. , being a decrease of 328,5551. ; wages of artificers abroad, 67,828/, being a decrease of 4,142/. ; naval stores for the building, repair, and outfit of the fleet, steam machinery, and ships built by contract, 3,489,477/, being an increase of 285,043/. ; new works, improvements, and re pairs in the yards, 469,8361., being an increase of 23,286/. ; medicines and medical stores, 66,000/, being a decrease of 7,0001. ; miscellaneous services, 90,510/, being a decrease of 2,240/. This makes the total required for the effective service of the year, 10,431,6321., or 540,3701. less than was voted last year. For half-pay, the., the sum is 684,016/, being a decrease of 7,246/. ; military pensions and allowances, 486,430/, being a decrease of 2,3761. ; civil pen sions and allowances, 180,3971., which is an increase of 7,3671. This makes the total for the naval service, 11,782,4751., against 12,325,1001. voted last year. For the army department (con veyance of troops) 247,0001. is required this year, being a decrease of 231,0001. from last year. Last year's estimates included a vote for the marine forces in China, amounting to 33,000/., which is not repeated this year. The number of seamen, boys in training ships, and coastguard men voted last year was 66,100 ; this year the number is 59,000. The number of marines is the same, namely, 18,000. The civilians for coastguard service are 1,200, which is 200 less than the number last year. The total force in the fleet and coastguard service for the year 1861-2 will be 78,200, against 83,500 last year. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE SURRENDER OF GAETA. (nor wiz OWN COERWONDENT.) SUBMAZIME AND MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH.) NAPLES, WEDNESDAY EVECNO. The Spanish Ambassador has sent to ask for a Spanish steamer, as he wishes to leave. Francis 11. has sent the French Consul to ask for the means of leaving. Steamers go from here to Gaeta to-night. The enthusiasm is immense. The conditions of the surrender are not yet known. PRUSSIA. On receiving the deputation which on the 12th presented the address in reply to the royal speech, his Majesty King William I. spoke as follows : Gentlemen,—l accept with emotion the expression of the regrets which the Chamber of Deputies has testified on the death of his Majesty the King, my beloved brother. Your regards are now turned on me, I trust, with con. fideoce. I have on various occasions expressed the principles according to which lam resolved to exercise the power which God has entrusted to me. The country entertains no doubt on this subject. I firmly rely that the National Parliament will second me in the accomplishment of my intentions, in the sense of the intact maintenance of the power of my Crown, for that is necessary for the real welfare of the country. As regards questions of home or foreign policy, touched upon in your address, already made known to me by the regulations of the Chamber, which, I hope with you, will receive ameliorations In the future, my government has clearly explained to you the points of view which guide it according to my intentions, and to which it will remain faithful. I hope that the Chamber of Deputies will support It by its assent. I hope that your labours, which will shortly commence, will bring to a satisfactory solution the important projects submitted to you by my government. We shall introduce Worms into many institutions, on legal grounds ; them cannot be any doubt in that respect. Union is strength, and, as it is necessary that we should be strong, we must be united. This is true as regards Prussia as well as her position towards Germany. My efforts in this respect have been crowned with the happiest results. I know that my people will show me inviolable fidelity In good times uin bad times, and I heartily welcome the reiterated promise of such fidelity on the part of the cham ber. The different members of the deputation were then presented to the King by the President of the Chamber. His Majesty conversed with each of them in turn, and, on their leaving, said : Gentlemen,—You are about to commence your labours ; I trust that in a few months we may emirate in good feel ing and friendship. Prince Hohenzollern and the ?enlister Auerswald were present on this occasion. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, THOUDAT. The Oesterreichische Zeitung says : "The statutes for the organisation of the pro vinces and the statute in reference to the council of the empire are being printed. The number of members of which the Diet will consist is consider able. The captain of the country (Lndesla►upt mann) is to be appointed from among the members of the Diet. The council of the empire is to con sist of two chambers, and will contain 350 members." gee ervress. Amassment. at low "TTs; Wyss a's " London ltvselog Tow. wt be at UN alike lb, looverlestre& by Two Ordost es Os day of Wilkens& MAIA3[s!. TRH IMMO. THEIIIIIALA. lirorro John HonChlpprodalo. Onekdoso: Idlos Ktlrling.—Ais ß rQ i ntri LILD% BIRD AND HER CHILDREN: or, Horloquln and t Homo on rim But Cole, TheLocloro4s, Mao Y. Wright. Win &Works& .PIINCLIff& Tits teitstse. TEN BAZAN. Messrs. redder, Khrr. .. l'utkr. Miss M. Harr* Mrs.Westeo.—And ROBINSON . or. Ilarlequm Yriday, sod The [lag of the earrlbbe• Wands. Muss. Espenoes k Mdlis. M. Dusslistre. Mr. A. rarest si. J•1110r& Tars Metro, MY WIFE'S JOURNAL—THE ISLE oa ST. TlLarPla. Messrs A. Wiens sad Emery; Mrs. Buckingham white. —And ENDY MP" Msera C. Tsui Anil Belmore . Misses St. Csase,lierbert an.l Row. ^--- - - at hall-put 7. BAnAinet4. TIM !IMMO. THE LAST APPIAL.—THE PRINCE AND THR OHM Mews. Pitt. Pam Jams Louie : Roby. & Newham: Mane. C •Wephon, Him A. Mrs W. L'raufont—And JOAN II V ARC. 31eart. Reraelkle t haou Him E.Cla)toa. MOH WATER AT LONDON 1111XIC TAO DST —M amba A. Lim.— Afterecoon, Mt ro. TusillieboW—MlNlfft. N. UAL—. Abirsoos. :A. Gift LONDON, FRIDAY, FEB. 15. THE capture of Gaeta is an honour to the Sar dinian ants. To the very last the Bouasost re mained true to treachery. Even the noble chivalry of CI tI.DINI and the solemn promise made upon a King's word could not for • moment seduce the wretched Fa vs( I. into the path of honour. Whilst the Italian General suspended his fire to succour his wounded enemies, the favourite son of the Church, in violation of every pledge, directed the breach to be repaired and a new attack to be , organized. But the task was far from easy. The soldiers of King FRANCu were no doubt inferior in spirit to those of CIALDINI. But the French EMPEROR probably hoped that by his unjustifiable interference to prolong the siege he had managed to exhaust the best troops of the Italian army, and had thus made success still more difficult. Gaeta was the favourite fortress of the Bocasoics of Naples, and its defences were constructed on the moat approved principles. And it is clear that unless the plan of attack had been skilfully made and skilfully carried into effect the place might have held out for some time longer. Our contemporary, the Times, whilst confessing its ignorance of the details of the siege, seems to think that tho principles of war have been altered by modern discovery. It is gravely said that the days of assaulting a fortress are gone by, and that , a mere bombardment must lead to a surrender. The taking of Delhi, forsooth, was a mere matter of brute courage. And military skill, we presume, had as little to do with that achievement as it had with taking the Malakoff. ['this ignorance, or mere perversity t Those who ever read the despatch of General BAI•U SMITH relating the siege operations before Delhi, will not soon forget the skill dis played by that officer and the engineers under his command. Nor is there • military man in either hemisphere who would not bear with surprise the proposition that the days of " forlorn hopes" are past. The stern command of the Great Samisen to his generals, that they must never surrender until they had stood an assault, would pro bably be considered as reasonable now as it was half a century ago. Had old Eiaor of Gibraltar held Gaeta instead of a perjured BorasoN Prince with his horde of mercenaries, the world would without question have heard of an assault de livered and possibly repulsed. But after all, the defence of Gaeta was fruitless, and it is well that it was not more prolonged. At the same time it is of the utmost importance to point out that so far from the siege of Gaeta proving any exception to the ordinary principles of war, it is only another instance of the truth of military science. It seems to be almost impossible to persuade people that an enemy will never be dislodged from a place by a mere bombardment. The houses behind the ditch and rampart may be knocked to pieces —guns may be disabled, men may be killed and wounded, but so long ea the damage can be repaired, and fresh supplies can be procured, the place may continue to hold out. The Crimean campaign showed the enormous difficultidof taking a fortress which was not invested, and the siege of Gaeta, which has just closed, proves tho same thing. So long as the French fleet remained to prevent the Sardinian fleet from completing the investment, the progress of the Sardinians was almost nominal. Besides the encouragement which the presence of the French navy gave the besieged, the garrison had ample means of relieving themselves from their wounded, and providing themselves with fresh provisions and renewing their warlike stores. But the moment the two sea front' of the fortress were covered by the Sardinian ships all was changed. Whilst on the one hand the limited number of men and the limited quantity of sup plies were rapidly diminished, and the confusion and demoralization of the garrison rapidly in creased ; on the other hand, the besieging forces increased in numbers and in the vigour of their attack. Such a state of things, however, must have an end. The inevitable result must follow. And so Gaeta fell. It fell after the manner of every place which has been besieged and invested for a sufficient length of time. No doubt the dis coveries in gunnery render the effect of an artil lery fire more fatal than in former times, and shorten to a considerable degree the operations of a siege. But the principles upon which such operations proceed remain unaltered, and we may rely upon it that it was only by the skilful applica tion of such principles that the Sardinians have attained so rapid a success, and at a loss com paratively so trifling. According to the telegram, the Royal Family is to embark in a French ship, and the garrison are to remain prisoners of war until the surrender of Messina and Civitella del Tronto. What is to bo come of the Kura does not distinctly appear, but it is tolerably certain that he will not be permitted to enter either of the two places mentioned, or to disembark on any part of the dominions which ho has lost. It certainly is of the utmost importance that this deposed monarch should be ex cluded, if possible, from Italy, and that all the fortified posts should be in the hands of the Sar dinians. Some politicians are disposed to under rate the value of a fortress, but the history of Italian revolution proves how mistaken is this opinion. So long as either Messina or Gaeta remain ed in the hands of the BOURBON there was still some hope of recovering the lost kingdom. Though all Sicily except Messina was entirely lost tenyesrs ago, that one city furnished a base of operations for FILANOIERI, and enabled him to dis embark his army in safety and subdue the island. If Gaeta had remained in the hands of Fatiecm 11., it would have been always possible to organize an army for the purpose of invading Vie Neapolitan territory. The consequence must have been that ept Court. The Queen held a levee, the first this season, yesterday afternoon, in St. James's Palace. The Queen and Prise. Consort, attended by the ladies and gentlemen in waiting. arrived from Buckingham Palace about '2 o'clock, assorted by a detachment of Life Guards, and were received by the great officers of state. The Duke of Cambridge and Prince Edward of Saul Weimar were present at the reception. The Duke of Richmond hail an audience of the Queen, and delivered to her M.ije•ty the riband and badge of the Order of the Garter worn by his father, the late Duke of Itiabasond. Her Majesty and the Prince Consort entered the Throat iness, attended by the Marchioness of Ely, acting as Mis tress of the Robes for the Duchess of Sutherland ; Lady Churchill, Lady in Waiting ; and the officers of the house hold. Mars. Loftus and Paget were the Pages of Honour in Waiting. The Queen wore a train of black waterod milk trimmed with braullounes of black tulle and black satin ribbon ' • the petticoat of black silk trimmed with black tulle and black satin ribbon. Her M.ijesty wore as a headdress a diadem of opals and diamonds. The foreign ambassadors and misdate!" were introduced, when the following presentations to the Queen Lusk place in the diplomatic circle By his Excellency the Turkish Ambassador : Etienne Musurus Bey, Secood Secretary of the Imperial Embassy, and son of his Excellency ; Paul Mumma Bey, first Attache. of the Embrey, and son of his Excellency. By his Excellency the French Ambassador: M. Bar thokli, Third Secretary to the Imperial Embassy; Baron de Attachi: to the Imperial Embassy. By the Persian Ambassador : Guaira /Chao, late Persian Minister Plenipotentiary at St. Petersburg ; Colonel Ma hommed Ali Aga, Secretary Interpreter of the Persian Embrey at the Court of St. James's. By the Austrian Ambassador: Count Maximilian Ester hasy„ Attache to the Imperial and Royal Austrian Em brey. By the Russian Ambassador: M. N. de Novitzkv, Lieut.• Colonel aux Chevalier-Garde& of Lis Majesty the Emperor, Attaché to the lniperial Enihosv. By the Sanlinian Envoy: Le Comte Maffei, Second Secretary of the Legation ; M. Adatui, Captain of the Sardinian Artillery. By the Greek itlinirror : Lieutenant Emmanuel Tombasi, at the Royal Greek Navy. By the Netherlands Minister: IL Hazel, First Secretary to the Netherlands Legation at this cpurt. Mr. Richard Charles Kirby, C. 8., late Accountant-Gene ral, War Department. was presented to the Queen by Luca Imighthood Herbert, and received from her Majesty the honour of Mr. John Hillyanl Cameron. Q. 0., Grand Master of the a Loyal . Orange Maculation of British America, presented an to the Queen from their Grand Lodge, expressive of their devoted loyalty to her Majest ,y representing that this association is under no legal disability in British North America, and that therefore their claim to be publicly recog nised daring the have of the Prance of Wales through Canada ought to have been admitted by the advisers of his Royal Highness. the following were among the presentations to the Queen : Mr. Aldennan and sheet!! Abblaa, by tho Right lion. C. Lewis. Baring. on appointment to be tinder-Secretary of state toe ar, by Lor.l Herbert. is;m4lanair — e . Boxer, P.N., to promotion, by the Duke el flomereet Commander Henry Cluistian, R.N. her lia,:esty's yacht:, by Captain the lion. J. Denman. Genet al Lord Clyde, on his return from India and appointment to the Coldstream Guards, by the Duke of Cambridge. Ilajorateneral Hon. A. A. Mizell, on appointment to the 0111001 Ind of the Dublin Division. by the Doke of Cambridge. Mr. stair Douglas, late Colonial Secretary, Mauritius, by Lord Monteagle. Major W. Y. Eden, political agent to Eajputana, ou his return bora India by lord George Lennox. Viscount Enfield, M.P., by Viscount Torrington. Itear,tdmind the Hoe. Sir Frederick W. Grey, on return from foreign service, by Earl Grey. sir Frederick Halliday, on being appointed by the Secretary of State for India. Mr. Janie' L Hart, Consul of Salvador, at London, by his Ex cellency Don Carlos Gutierrez. Lord Edward Pittston Mosconi, on his appointment of deputy earl mardist by Viscount Palmerston. col. the lion. Percy Herbert, on appointment as deputy guar termaaterixneral at headquarters, by the Duke of Cambridge. klaJor.Gelasal Sir John logils, by the Duke of Cambridge. Vice-Ailmiral Hope Johnstone. on appointment as commander in -chief at the Sore, by the fluke of Somerset. Lent... General Sir Harry Jones, on promotion to lieutenant general and appointment no colonel eonitnaneant ]loyal En gineers, by the Duke of ean.letidge. Mr. Henry Brougham Loch, secretary to the Earl of Elgin, on W return from China, by Lad John Russell. Captain W. 0. Luard, 1L N., by Vice-Admiral W. J. Hope Johnstone. Leek, by the Eight Ilon. Sir G. C. Lewis. The Lord Mayor. by Lord Palmerston. Llentenant-Colonel J. Metcalfe, late Interpreter and A.D.C. to the Commander-in.Chlef I. Leak by Lord Clyde. . . I ;;.ita 7l K;Pos iieSpTaTinics;nit , ;lCanonr yat West minster, by Viscount Palmerston. Lieutenant Colonel H. Wylie Norman, CH. on appointment as Amistant•Militiry-Setretary. by the Duke of Cambridge. Lieut.. Colonel St. George' Ord, on appointment to the govern. spent of the Bermudas, by the Duke of Newcastle. Mayor-General Lord Frederick Pauleb C B , on promotion and being appointed hispectur.seneral of militia, by the Duke of Cambridge. Hear-Admiral R. S. Robinson. on promotion and appointment to he controller of the navy, by the Duke of Somerset. Km. A. Daimon° Robinson, by the Bishop of Loudon. Mr. T. W. Sannders. on hie appointment n Ineorderof Bath, by the Hight. lion. Mr G. I'. Lewis. Mr. Tal. P. Shaffner, of liantocky, by the United States Minister. . _ lea; Admiral Smart, on hoisting Ws flag In the Channel fleet. by the Duke of Somerset. Meld Georg* L. gullran, on appointment to her Majesty's yacht Victoria mut Albert, by Captain Hon. J. Denman. ltear•Atlmtral Sir Ballwin W. Walker. on appointment as Commaaderda•Chls: of the Cape of Cioutl Hope station, by the Dike of Somerset Williams,Dr. iCM promotion, return from India, and appoint ment as Principal Medical liffieer in Ireland, b Dr. Gibson. Lleutenant.General Pir (has. Yorke, on being appointed a Knight Grand Crain of the Bath, by the Duke of Cambridge. A deputation from promoters of Caledonian, Edinburgh, and Glasgow, and ficottinh Central Railway. Amidgamation Bill, a of Mr. Sall[4l, chairman (Caledonian); Mr. Blackburn, chairman (Edinburgh and Glasgow) ; Sir James Pergemea, M.P., Mr. Hadfield, M.P., and Mr. Thomas Brice, bad an interview with the Right Hon. T. "Meer Gibson and the Right Hon. W. Hutt 'esti:clay, at the office of the Board of Trade. Mr. Ribbon., Mr. F. Chapman, and Mr. Shadwell, Secre tary, had an isterview with the right hon. gentlem a n on the "abject of 'laminate Harbour. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat yester day. An appeal from Madras, " Veseatuwara Backer v. Alogoomoottoo Serraearem" was part beard. Despatches were received yesterday at the ColoniaLoffice from the Governors of the West India Islands, and from the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands. Dm 'patches were sent to the Governor of (loads. Her Majesty's Theatre was honoured last even ing by the presence of ber most gracious Majesty the Queen, his Royal Highness the Prince Consort, her Royal Highness the Princess Alice, bar Royal Highness the Princess Eleanor, attended by Lady Churchill, Miss Stopford, Lord de Tabley, Lord A. Paget, and Lieut.-Col. de Ruse. The Princess Wamiltchikoff has arrived at the Clareedoe Hotel. Boed-street, free' Park On Tuesday last the Rev. William Bar low, M. A., wee instituted to the vicarage of Totten's, in Norfolk, on the p resentation of the Most Hon . John Marquit Townshend. kr. Danby Seymour, M.P., i; laid up at Turin by an attack of rheumatic fever and bronchitis. The members appointed by the Speaker to serve es the general committee of elections of 1861 are—Sir F. T. Baritg, Mr. S. H. Walpole, Mr. H. A. Herbert, Sir W. Miles, Bart., Mr. H. L. Seymer, and Mr. J. B. Carter. The children of the Licensed Victuallers' School, who have visited Drum-lane Theatre and Cremona.- prdeng in turn, for the second time attended a morning performance at the Canterbury Hall yegterdsr, the entire proceeds arising out of which will be handed over for the benefit of the institution. THE HIGHWAYS BILL. Whatever faults lie at the door of the Homo Secretary, a want of perseverance is not one of them. Year succeeds to year, and session follows session. In each and every session the Home Secre tary, untaught by past experience, presents to par liament a Highways Bill The member for Bir miugham assails him, but still the Hume Secretary perseveres. The country remonstrates by petitions; liberal members raise objections, and ask for data or returus ; Mr. Henley has misgivings as to ex pense ; Mr. Barrow threatens with amend ments, but still the Homo Secretary perseveres. Doubtless our highways in many parts of England are not what they ought to be. They admit beyond all question of amendment, like the system under which they are maintained. They are in some parts sloppy, dirty, and either left out of repair or repaired perhaps clumsily and uuekil- I fully. The farmers, too, by whom they are chiefly managed, are in some cases prone to jobbing, l ignorant, or obstinate. But the system is an old I one, and it reds on the English principle of local self-government. Local energy steps forward in many 'instances to remedy the defects of an other wise imperfect system. The cost, too, on the average Is small by comparison with the cost of turn pike roads, which have been chiefly under magis terial management. "Let the house consider," said Mr. Henley some time since, " that turnpike roads coat the country about 42/. per mile, and the present highways about IW. per mile." We believe that the last returns worthy of mention, as re gards arrangement and completeness, and for these we must go back sonic twenty years, give an average annual expenditure per mile for highways of 121. 18s. sd. for repairs, and of 3a. per mile for law and other expenses. Sir J. McAdam's letter in 1848 gave an average per mile of 14/. la. 9d. No doubt highways and turnpike roads differ from each other m their attendant circumstances. Railways, too, which have diminished the import ance of one class, have increased the importance of the other. Still these facts should make us pause and look with care fur practical results and data. Such surely might be pr duced if they exist, or if notat once forthcoming might be called for. Wehave plenty of different systems at work in England and Wales, in Ireland and Scotland. Let us call for the results, and the average coat of roads per mile under each of the respective systems. Let us afterwards test by evidence the question of general and com parative efficiency •, we shall thou have a fit basis for legislation. The Home Secretary iuvitee par liament to rush blindfold into a new, a doubtful, and it may be far more costly system. He says, "Jump in the dark and trust to me." The bill, the Home Secretary informs us, is sub stantially the same as the bill of last session. He leaves its adoption, he says, optional. But optional with whom—not with the ratepayers ! Optional with town councils or with the magistrates in quarter sessions, for Parliament, which is respon sible to the country, is not to make its adoption compulsory. Magi strates, who are irresponsible, may impose it on their respective counties. Is such a project of legislation the production of an English constitutional statesman t An analogy may perhaps be sought from what wax done in the case of the police. But an evil precedent is a sorry answer to a constitutional objection. There is, of course, to bo a board under the pro posed new system. Of this board the taxing body, in counties county magistrates, are to be ex ,fficio mem bers, without the limit of a maximum, and there is to be a limited number of elective way wardens. The principle of ex officio members involves here pro tante, taxation without representation. The board,; too, is to audit the accounts—the sumo board which has authorised the outlay. This board, if the dis tricts were extensive, would in effect very soon con sist of two or three of the nearest resident magis trates. The surveyor, from constant attendance and superior skill in raid matters, would probably soon do just what he pleased, with the practical check on outlay reduced to a minimum. The provision as regards repairs of turnpike roads out of the highway rates present another difficulty. Magistrates as mortgagees, it is urged, are frequently interested in them) roads, and would. therefore hardly be a fair tribunal to decide such questions. The feeling of the country, in the absence of in formation, is adverse to the bill, though not, we believe, to change or improvement, if resting on sufficient data. There had been last year, at the date of the Twenty-fifth Petitions Report more than 300 petitions presented against the bill, with from twenty to thirty thousand signatures. At the same date there had been but five . petitions, with ninety two signatures, in favour of it. Mr. Hodgkimion and others pointed out some grave objections to the plan. Colonel Wilson, I Patten suggested a simpler scheme in preference to the costly machinery to be created by the plan of the Home Secretary. The matter is a grave one ; the data as to the comparative cost and effi ciency of the existing systems incomplete and un satisfactory. Some returns give receipts and expen diture, omitting mileage ; others are in other respects incomplete. No means exist of contrast ing the cost under the old South Wales plan with the coat per mile under the present South Wales or model system. The materials are not at hand to justify legislation, and we trust, therefore, that the Home Secretary will abandon, or for the present at least postpone, the bill till data have been ob tained, if they can be obtained, to justify it. THE CONFERENCE ON SYRIA. BERLLV THUILSDAT. The conference on the affairs of Syria will be assembled about the 20th Feb., at Paris. Thu statement contained in some German jour nals that the Grand Vizir was about to proceed to Berlin is untrue. The Grand Vizir has, however, personally presented to the Prussian ambassador at Constantinople the cong•atulations of the Sultan to be conveyed to the new King of Prussia, and has announced to the Prussian ambassador that the Sultan is about to write a congratulatory letter to the King. THE BANK OF FRANCE. PARIS, FRIDAY MORNING. TllO /VIM itellT publishes the usual monthly re turn of the Bank of France, which shows the following results as compared with the January return : ImeßmisL Cash in hand 4 21 millions. DECREASE. Bala discounted, not yet due 136 millions. Advances - „ Treasury balance .. 18 39 Bank notes 43 ~ Current accounts -3 „ These changes aro of a very favourable character. The increase in the bullion is 1,800,000/. ; the de crease in the notes in circulation iv 1,720,000/., and the decrease in the bills discounted is no less than 8,400,0001. THE UNITED STATES. LONDONDERRY, THURSDAY. The Canadian screw steamer, North Briton, Captain Borland, from Portland, Maine, on the 2nd inst., has arrived here, and lauded all mails. The Bohemian and Arabia bad arrived out. The United Kingdom passed Cape Race on the let inst. The Convention Bill had passed the North Carolina legislature. At Washington, on the 31st ult., Mr. Seward presented the New York petition favourable to the adoption of resolutions for an adjustment on the Border States plan. This petition bore 38,000 sig natures. Mr. Seward made an able speech. The debate was participated in by senators on both sides. The impression gathered from Mr. Stnintas speech was that the incoming administration had resolved upon a coercive policy towards the South should the endeavours for a peaceful settlement fail. Ou the 31st ult. the grand jury found indict ments against Floyd, Russell, and Bailey, for having defrauded the government. The New York Legishtture had decided on send ing nine commissioners to Washington, the majority of whom were to decade how the votes of the whole were to be cast. Charleston was quiet. California was strong for the Union. Their A►- aembly had failed to elect a president after 72 ballots. Advice, from Havannah are to the 27th January. Sugar was dull, and prices tending downwards. Money tight. Exchange on London nominal. COMMERCIAL INTELLIOIENCE. NEW YORK, FM. 1. Stocks dull and lower. Cotton dulL Sales today 1,800 bales—middling Upland, 12c. Flour thin. Wheat dull ; corn prices tending downwrmls. Rice and sugar steady. Coffee and molasses unchanged. Whisky more active. Had aid pork unchanged. Bacon quiet. Lard h e avy. Fre:Vats to Liverpool drooping. LATEST BY TELEGRAPH. NEW YORK. Era 1, Evitimic. A thick fog prevails. The Marathon, City of Waahington, and Arago will probably sail to-morrow. The Miot and Custom-house at New Orleans have been duly taken possession of by the Louisiana authorities. The government officers are retained. COMMERCIAL. Stooks lower. New York Central, 771 ; Erie, 30 ; Illi nois, 72 to 73. Cotton improved—middling Uplands, 12 to 121 e. Breadstuff' dry:lining. Provisions dull. NEW ORLEANS, JAN. M. Cation firm. Sales to-day, 18,000 bales ; middling lle. to 111 e. SOUTHAMPTON, FRIDAY. The Hamburg and American Company's steamer Teuton* Captain Taube, from New York on the Lt inst., has arrived. She brings 24 passengers for Southampton, and 67 for Bremen ; also 6,732 dollars in specie for London. She spoke, on the 4th inst., the Russian barque Nave steering eastward ; and tin the 13th the Engliih ship Lancashire, steering north-eastward. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (nos oca OWN corutrxrosnrev.) PARIS, THCRADAT Esarnxc. Although the telegraph from Italy does not en joy a great reputation for accuracy, not the least doubt is felt about the capitulation of Gaeta. That of Messina cannot fail to follow immediately, and before the meeting of the Italian parliament Victor Emmanuel will be the acknowledged sovereign of all Italy, with the exception of Rome and Venice. General Cialdini, it is said, offered a frigate to Francis IL to take him and his family away from Gaeta, but his Majesty preferrel to accept the services of his late "best friend" Napoleon and accordingly the Mouette wan sent from Naples. Where the Mouette will con duct the royal fugitives is a matter of doubt. Some opine they will prefer to go to Rome, others to Trieste, others to Spain ; but according to a version accredited here, they will show their gra titude to their best friend aforesaid by corning to France--on their way to Bavaria. The Guerronnihre pamphlet still hangs fire. The publication, which during all the week has been spoken of for a continually receded "to-morrow," is now announced " positively" by the evening papers for the day after to-morrow--Saturday. It ' appears that the rapid shifting of political events, and suggestions from some of his Majesty's advisers, have led to extensive alterations in many of the proof sheets. A Brussels letter of Feb. 13 in the Correspoo. dance Bottler gives the following alarming news, which I cite textually, not wishing to be responsi ble for it: I have just heard a fact of incontestable gravity. We have in Brussels a very numerous colony of English reel. dent.. Within the last few days this colony has consider. ably diminished. The English are returning to their island, having been confidentially advised of coming events which invite precaution. The Debate attempts to make a serious business of the affair of the French merchantman Dahome, which, while attempting to break the blockade of Gaeta, was fired upon without warning (as it is alleged) by a Sardinian man of war. It talks of piratical sets committed under a royal flag, and compares the Sardinian fleet to the corsairs which France and Spain, at different periods, swept from the seas of Algeria and Morocco. The Prase thinks all this eloquence misplaced. It is not to be wondered at that a navy so recently formed as that of Italy should be imperfectly cognisant of the rules of maritime warfare ; but because an officer may have misunderstood his rights, or exceeded him instructions, it is unfair to hold the Piodmoutese government up to odium. The dismissal of General and the moderation of General Cialdini towards the ex-Kiag of the Two Elleilies, are sufficient proofs that the government of Victor Emmanuel does not deserve the sweeping condemnation of the Debate. The uneasiness of the latter journal lest the matter should pass " unnoticed," and a " bad precedent" be created, is treated by .' the Freese as unnecessary, since the cabinet of Tu rin, if a mistake have been committed, will be certain to offer reparation before it is &skis! for. The Bourse was much affected by the unlooked for news that the Bank of England had raised its discount to 8 per cent. Although some leading financiers were probably aware of this fact yester day, and the weakness of the Route may he attri buted in some degree to their operations, it sus tained a further fall to-day of 20c. for cash and 30c. for account, closing at 08fr. loc. and Mfr. 10c. Mobilier fell 131 r. 75c. All the railways (with the exception of Eastern, which remains unchanged) were lower. Orleans fell 7fr. 50c. ; N o rth er n and Southern, fifr. 25c. each ; Lyons, 7fr. 50e. ; and Western, Mr. Spanish Passives fell I. ROME AND VENICE. A committee of succour for Rome and Venice has just bees formed at Palermo, and the following is the proclamation it has issued : Fellow-Citizens,—Wlan Sicily uttered her war-cry against the Bum boa all Italy was moved, and, rendered enthu siastic by our voice, called her sons to arms. A handful of heroes, collected in haste by the captain of the people ' flew first to our aid, sad wrought those wh ac k s that have made Europe wonder. Nevertheless, our Titituic efforts, inferior to the enterprise, would have remained inefficacious had not Garibaldi, by a wise thought, promptly instituted in every town of taly committees of succour for Sicily, for the pur pose of reinforcing our insurrection with men, arms, and money. Thanks to the activity of the generous men charged with the holy mission, strong nod frequent aid reached us in succession, by mama of which we were able iu a few days to destroy a numerous army, deliver the island, aud effect a lauding on the Continent to lend a help ing hand to our brothers. Southern Italy was redeemed. Twenty-two millions of men, united by the bond of fraternity, with Victor Emma nuel, the constitutional king, form already the Italian family. But Italy is not wholly formed. Rome and Venice send us groans of grief that lacemte our *outs, take away from us pea,* and rest, filling the people with pity and the despots with terror. So long us Home and Venice are not fro' there will be no peace in the world. Let us prepare ourselves, thee, fur the redemption : let on keep ourselves ready for the call of our captain. In every corner of Italy committees of succour have been formed for Rome and Venice by the inspiration, and under the presiding care, of Garibaldi, with a view to col lect arms and money, and prepare the contingent for the liberating army. In Sicily, such committees have not yet been formed. The undersigned, invited by the central committee at Genoa to commence operations, accept willingly the charge, and constitute themselves as a committee of ruccour for Items and Venice. Fellow citizens, you know by experience what the liberty of a people costa, and how priceless its aorpusition is. You, restored to freedom yesterday by your courage and that of your brothers, have contracted the most sacred duties towards our country, and, being ever the tint in sacrifices you will faithfully and joyfully perform them. Rome and Venice hold out their snits to you, and im plore your help. Sicily's answer will be worthy of Itotutt arid voice. Palermo, Feb. 4, 1861. The members composing the committee :—Ciorgio proni ; Conrad Valguernets, Duke of Annelle; J. Coir stantini, advocate; BArOD Vincent Fe liars Hyacinto &alai. advocate ; Francesco Pend, major; Baron G. 9. Raters, cashier ; P. &isles, advocate, the secretary. EARTHQUAKE Ar MALTA. (PROM OUR OWN CORILICSPONDENT.) MALTA, FLR. 9. Early this morning three slight shocks of earth quake were felt in Malta. The moil severe of them was at 2U minutes to 1. The sensation it produced was as if the island was shaken with a tremor, and not, as on the former occasion, passing from one side to the other. Very slight damage has been done ; indeed, many perilous were not even aware of it, and most who did, knew of it by the priests ordering the hells to be violently rung. A telegram from Sicily states that Modica has suffered great damage from the above cause. Fur a long time past a succession of halls and parties has taken place almost every evening at Malta, and last night there were several m.equerade bills going on. Directly after the most severe shock, which lasted for several seconds, the ladies stopped in their deuce', and many hurried home—the rattling of the carriages and the ringing of the bells creating no slight concern. The masquerade hall, which was to have taken place this night at the Clamber of Commerce, has been postponed in consequence of the shock. A sailor graphically describes the effect on board as "the ship being groggy." In 175.5 the great earthquake took place in Sicily, at which time the whole city of Messina made a vow to keep a week's fast, and have a penitential procession annually. Strangely enough, this procession end f 'sting commenced last Tuesday, being the anniversary of the great earth. quake. Among the numerous balls given this season, the one given by the officers of the 4th Battalion of the Rile Brigade has passed off with the greatest Mal. The slight damage in Malta is a small crack in the go. vernnr's palace, the Casino, and a few other private buildings. rr.i=vmit hail ,rter to of Thi 4.1 ju rw it,„‘„ 'Room. right t h, c urt az do o oned over. C( Sittiop at TiIOM PSON This wee mission upot to Adelaide. Mr. Lush iod Mr. Boy Both the 'ice brokers fondants 'itintiff intr mho ultimats the freight b cent. upon tl commission, A good de to the circus into, and shit sharing the 0 The jury, renlict for th C( !Before Mr. The haulm popular place 91. lied for hi The accoun iabit debts, 6 cis to assigner life policies. formerly cat rawell, but turceeded ttpeoded ups " monster suisance by t 1 magistrate. Mr. Michae watched the c Adjourned. DESPEE James liner, and oe I. her, chary 'Men, an I • eter's.etreet, Mr. Clifton he latch of th, aching the i rut night he the passage at on °pectin nether man ted, but t t him and eta truck at botl hair. In the he prisoner vtor, botl •he prnsecu ce, allowe d he follow ured the pris red. In tin . vision, fount ntered with , The prison give his all Mr. Barker •• • ded bin A tall more he son of a ir rought beta • liciously be ow of the Ile Mr. Ross, t me to his h eat shilling ere distinct, licit ; and h neat in the tt billing in he pawner 1 rat outside, • of see the al John Chadi at he saw I ' ow. Th , .ken into • en the a t the static 'ndow with M ° Crilre e r. , move you, a ncurred ft pet • rt, and it i The prisons Mr. Yard's: The prison. Mr. Yanlle •• • • tit's impri The pawns fungal a hal pot of beer, ad tendered • • me meat. lied Mr. R. I ; and h i'ndow, and I , Mr. Yard', 1 . tee of plate • •• to au we COMMIT' James Wi ivision of in std with • e cheek-ofil. It appearedbout uty at Cree anow. clerk', 1 • f the Bth of . Mee. placed • ed in a also locks • veered that i the mind, y were eta tr. etre., II overroat, o nd, on the ikt.Fer• drape . rent. Front • unpick 1 0 • .r M ills • uty at the Inch was lb • sand pledge, • a Oreenwic t the req 'thorities . ted with, with of et the A dirh acquainting ii ik4 anything ewnager secii the person wl with one of tl The prisons r ammarily, 1 sad he was f, tensions. THE SEX. ''''x't —Tn. I tAcused from being more huthnott ; M bowl ; Mew/ Souverie ; hi J. Brocldeh, Buckley ; Ca Barren ; Met Right H ee , rsley, N. .1 lam t Meson Had ld. fie r H el- Sir 'V Me w .. R. . Nirlt, 1 ,„ 4 „; I '. J. Lytle ".• Marray, P . W. l'acke L. Ne i, 0. Suellen ; Me, Mew,. B. s W. Verner, ) Yours. B. hi ow prig tho tapes ad it mime • • 11l Mee. .v..) Meson 1. 4 e . k•