The Express. — London, England, 1860-11-30 00:00:00

ay an (LND-HAND PIANOPORTIL BULL sad Oa lan a law awarlodad d 1, mel 7 aidr",ll Om* WNW deka Itimakitest 4: . L AREEYS HALL a RIBTAIIRANT, isped4iresit rid awnll. Inan, We lli rt Ihreiin. talk% sad Gettlaws. DONALA heir Mac Ebt exprefso• I'o 001/211EPONEN7A telsodell ler "The D Fame. Leedom Midas riper, WON* Or Any e um* be at t Os eilb" es. 10, Baivirloalmmilk tr, ?vs poillail COVEFFALUDIN. TIOS Tag AMIOACADL —TB M AMU AOll OF GIOZOITTZ. .R. Cirri ?Fos —And THE I GOT DANCItie Mar& H. ado& a. Cant Distim.d Kelly Madams ?minden. Man Mr. A. Malloo. Tem Iv aL strial SKIM Mr. I. Matthews awl Mims and ; 10rese 1•211 and La Lic *Wows hireq. — AThd rair a emuliALDI ZILIJIMOMMITS. R, JAKIIML Tw Vann. A WAN 01 • 11,111.—• MUCK Mt • AMALIE. Madlle. MARA g nom aks esktmied flor visa Dm graze liouhretie OA k Plibreamr-11031E0111711-11.00CTA. Yr. Wissin —AM DOM —Ommme higt-prt T. 1111TANNIA. nen ITENno, lIILY O'CONNOR. Mean. Reynolds And W ersatnrd Vit. LTrusil sad & Law. —The Deirplerre ►eenoy —THZ coin= 11101112 M. Mr. M. Saythaoti Haw A Downing —AndtHl MUM= rwirsa.—Coomenc• i part 0 HIGH WATER AT LONDON 311INIK Two DA T KAMM DA. NIL Ma ro-NosAow—llonslla a ....arm . i fas. LONDON, FRIDAY, NOV. 30. FROM the terms of the formal notice given by the Metropolitan Board of the purposes of the 1 Bill to extend and oonsohdate their power, which they intend to re-introduce next session, few per sons would suspect that anything was meant at variance with the self-governing authority and control in matters of local taxation vested in our parishes time out of mind. Under the vague and harmless-looking phrsoe, "to " make provisions for the making and en " forcing of assessments and precepts by the " Metropolitan Board, and the levying of rates by " the said Board in certain cases of default," it could hardly be supposed that there lurked • scheme of encroachment incompatible with every principle and peaches of municipal rule recognised amongst us. By ancient law and un• interrupted usage every pariah in England has the undoubted right to make and levy all rates and charges payable by its inhabitants, whether for its own exclusive wants, or contributively towards defraying the wants it has in common with the parishes around it. Unions of two or three small parishes under the Poor Law are no infringement of this venerable right, but simply its practical adaptation to the changed requirements of the time. Compulsory rates under particular Acta of Parliament for county, borough, or national pur poses form no exceptions to the universality and indefeasibility of the rule ; for in every such ewe, though the obligation to raise a given amount is laid upon the pariah by statute law, the duty of levying that amount remains with the parochial authorities, and, within certain liberal limit', the time and mode are left to their discretion. In other words, while each pariah is subjected justly and rightfully to bear its share of public bur dens, it is treated as a free agent having an intelligence and responsibility of its own, and not se • menial instrument compelled to do the arbitrary bidding of any other body in the State ; still less is it treated as • mere tax farm, out of which strangers to its capabilities and circumstances may draw what they please. The good old Saxon law, through all the changes and vicissitudes we have historically undergone, steads I firm—one of the best, as well as the oldest, things' in England—let us hope one of the hardest things to pluck up and burn as a bramble, though some people may not think so. According to these new-fangled fashioners of local taxation, the independent action of the vestries of London, even in the choice of collectors of rates and the manner and time of their collection, is a nuisance which ought to be abated-_a hindrance that ought to be abolished. Let the vestrymen and rate• payers of London look to it betimes. Had it not been for the denunciations of the Press this et) jectieusble scheme would probably have been carried through Parliament last session ; and now we are told that the Bill then dropt is to be re introduced next year by Mr. Trim and Mr. Burrow in their capacity of members of the Board having seats in Parliament. Let no one pretend to elude the issue we have here plainly raised by insinuating that what we have said is • mere constructive interpre tation of various clauses and provisions put to gether according to some view of our own. Our readers shall judge for themselves of the drift and tenour of the proposed Bill. We shall quote the Board's own words taken from the last im print of the measure as it came from the Select Committee in the month of July last, and as it is proposed to re-introduce it in the mouth of Feb ruary next. The thirteenth section stands as fellows The Metropolitan Board may, to asse of any default or neglect of ■ny vestry, district board, or other body or per. son, to pay the amount required by osy precept of the said fluent or osy pea of such amount, within such time and in crch meatier es may be meetiooed in such precept, raise and levy the mosey required by the said Board in any parish, district, or part ; and fur that purpose may make and levy a rate of such amount In the pound as will, is Mete judgment, having reganl to all sir. cumstances, be sufileient to raise the money so required ; together with an solditioe to such tomer in the proportion oue 'lollies to every twenty shillings and the said Bawd may amulet one or more collectors fur levying any /U. h rate, and pay bins or then, nay notary, pouudage, or ell .wance which such Board may deem just and re/amenable ; and the mid Bien! and the collectors to be appointed by them shell have the same powers, remedies, rights, and privileges for levying soy @soh rate as by law are given to any everssers for levying wirmey for the relief of the poor ; sad all the expenses et making and levying any such rate s►al be raised and levied by the mil Metropolitan Board, in Anldifien to, bat as pert of, the said rate, and the excess, if any, which may have bow levied beyond the amount of the said precept, expenses, sod additional sum of one shil ling is every twenty shillings, shall be placed to the credit of the parish ar part in which the same has been levied. We beg to call particular attention to the con cluding passaLm of the foregoing clause. There is an easy air of assumption about it that is calculated, we think, to do good, if the vestrymen of the metropolis have not been menuerised by some marvellous process, and if the unhappyratepayers in general have not made up their minds to surrender their purses at discretion. First we are told that a precept or draft payable at sight for any amount the Board may fancy they want may be Untied to any parish. Then, if the money be not forthcoming on whatever day the Board shall please to name, the parish and its collectors are to stand aside in order to make way for my lords and their officers, who shall levy the same in what ever fashion and at whatever cost may suit them; and in addition theretoan extra shilling in the pound. When first we read the provisions touching the extra shilling, we own that we wen• green enough to nr.poso that that was for costs of collection ; but we s..Ki found out our mistake. This extra NMI( is to be levied as Cland by way of reward S of collection is (henries ; and the three Jest of the oeiginal precept, , sensation, and on foot of the extra shilling in the pound, are specifically enumerated in the eking words of the section, which we again commend is the consideration of all concerned. By way of a finish we are sarcastically informed that the excess (which is probable) over and above any immediate pretences of need, on foot of any of all of these three separate items, shall be pined to the credit of the pariah or district. Neglect or default there may be, of course, on the part of every parochial or municipal body in carry ing out the will of others. But defaulter neglect .in its very imams a question of time, a question net capable of being arbitrarily left to the summary judgment of those who cannot appreciate fully the reasons or grounds of delay, and which ought never to be left to the decision of those who have a direet interest in its foreclosure. What is neglect or default f A week or a day may be such in a culpable sense in one parish, and one month or six may not be such in another. There must, indeed, be limits and bounds sufficiently wide to meet all ordinary came ' • and if we found there were such prescribed in the Metropolitan Bill, it would in our view have one sin the lees to answer for. But we ask any fair or unprejudiced man to read the clause we have given above, and say is it framed in a spirit of justice or equity f By the terms of the fourteenth section provision in certain excep tionsd cases is made for fixing a period of default on the part of the vestry, and two months is named IPA the time within which that body shall at its peril refuse to make a rate. But the unreality and hillaciouniess of this provision will be detected at a glance by any eye practised in the reading of kpl enactments ; for while the period of two months is assigned definitely for taking the initir tory step in the proceeding, every other is left in definitely to be judged of at the discretion of the Board, and it is declared that If any person or means charged with the collection of rates shall not with all practicable despatch do and per all neomeary acts for levying and paying over the money required by the said board, it shall be lawful for the Yetropolitan Board/wawa/4 to maks a rate far raising tie money required by their precept, and the said additicaal sum, without emonithig the expiration of the &ret limited by such precept, for payment of the amount or macidate named therein. THE dire embarrassments of the Ottoman govern ment, and the desperate expedients to which it has been driven to keep up even the visible forms of state, have for several days strongly excited the attention of all who have considered the precarious system by which the Sultan rules, and the powerful latent forces which menace its existence. The Journal de Consiseitinopfe has stated that the Im perial government is " re-establishing the credit of the treasury on a solid and unchangeable basis" by the odd way of getting a good way further into debt. We}ieed nut trouble our readers with the details, first, because they are uncertain, and next, because they are of little consequence in view of the economic distress which they betoken and the political troubles they portend. But what do our readers think of borrowing some eight-and s-half million pounds, and promising to consider the loan as one of double that amount, and to pay five or six per emit interest on the larger sum / For this is, of course, the operation of the French loan of 16,000,0001., at 63, to which opinion at Constantinople was resigning itself when the mail left, because the treasury was empty and there was every danger that the whole machinery of government would be brought to a dead lock. This frightful state of things Las only one parallel in 'Europe. The Austrian empire, which nominally belongs to Christian civilization and en liehteument, imitates its semi-barbarous neigh bour, with the advantage of a better machinery for carrying out its pLins. The Turk borrows, as he has borrowed before, in order Ito effect the withdrawal of his paper-money. Aus tria has borrowed with the same professed object, but can burrow no more ; ru her government re solves to issue paper-money again. A decree dated Schunbrun, Nov. 17, and signed Francis Joseph, authorises the Mine of notes of the value of four pence. These bits of paper are to have the cha racter of a new Austrian money, and their falsifica tion or forgery is to ho punishable according to the laws of the currency of higher denominations. There are, it swim, Austrians with sufficient na tional sentiment, or at least sufficient public shame, to feel ashamed of this latest expedient of their go vernment. The A uidrian Gazette says : . . We coefew that it is with pain that we look at these little rap. We are thus, after ten years of efforts and 'seri. II" mitered to our starting point in this vicious circle. It is with sorrow that we all to mind that at this time two years ago cash payment' had been rammed. The most magas* hopes were then entertained, which, alas ! are now very far from being realised. Any go►ernment which places itself in opposition to the spirit of the age weakens itself, and the first shock may make Its gigantic limbs totter, if happily it does not overthrow it. The disasters of the last few years have deeply engraved this lemon on our minds ; the distress of the present time remind" no of it every instant, although it does not appear that any ad• vantage has been pined by it. The Council of Ministers must at length learn that Austria cannot be moved swept by the lie< plc and with the people. Luau Cirmrcuromls Livirraii—The Load Chau ' callow has nominated all Rev. Allard Cox Hales, M.A., of Magdalea Onßego, end meta of Cedar, Oxford, to the rectory of Woodmeneete, near Hurespiervoint, Sores, la the room of the Rev. Dr. Henry Wellesley, princird of New lon Hall ; the Rev. Benjamin Charlet CaMn. M.A., fellow and tater of Worceeter College, to the rectory of Carlos. Ozfonl, vacant by the resignation of this Rev. R. C. Hales; the Rev. James Mt. John Blunt, ILA., of MIMI College, Oxford, chaplain to H.R.H. the Prince Consort at the Chapel Royal, Windsor Park, to the vicar age of Old Windsor; and the Rev. Edward Markham Heale, M.A., of Queen's College, Oxford, Professor of Classics in the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, to the rectory of 'rallies, near Huntingdon. Da. Clots's, FUNERAL—License haring been grated by the Home Secretary for the burial of the remaine of Dr. Croly within the walla of St. Stephen's We'rook, arrangenseule have been made that the funeral shall take place to morrow (Saturday), et 3 p.m. in c o nformity with the express directices of the decreed. the funeral will be of the plainest descriptioa, without plumes, velvet, or show of any sort whatever. Only two mourning coaches will attend holding the WIN of the deceased and the other his legal and medical advisers. Aa earner wish was ex pressed by many of Dr. Croly's parishioneri and friends to join the mournful proormiun from his house ill Queen square to the church, but it is midentood that they will confine themselves to meeting the corpse in the voitihule of St. Stephens end then proceeding to their respective pews and there joining in the pathetic service appointed for the dead. which will be performed in the simplest manner. Wsrxit-ivrAit'it Daarrintax.—The taste for pa ec.niug water-colour drawing* is still in the ascendancy. Another collection was disposed of by Messrs. Foster, in Wednesdey. is the sale were two Neapo litan views, by Fyne, sold at 49 and 47 guineas ; is pair of Scotch sews, by T. M. Richards o, 42 and Brt gamer other works by Cettermole, F. Taylor, Sidney Ccoper, and curblibfavourites, sold at prioes varying from 30 to 90 mimeos, and a small Ire work by Turner sold for 78 gamer. The conform realised 1,506/. On Monday night Mr. Newdegate made lins usual moral political speech In th e r em . a t th e R ui hy an d Denchurch agricultural dinner, held in Rugby. The chair was copied by the Earl Dalkeith, who haa been chosen president of the society in the room of the late lamented Lord John Moots, to whom on affecting tribute of regard was paid at the dinner. The *obis chair man wle supported by both the member for North War wickshire. Mr. Newdepite end Mr. Spooner, also by *.....e e l Nott, Mr. ( hahlicutt, Sir T. Biddulph, Mr. Beach, rad use) rutry of the county. Countess pt lhantwkike end La Assuis Yorke, the Earl and Countess Briseseer, Lord and Lady John Rowell, Lord Stanley, and the Right Hon. Sir Geoqie and Lady Grey. In the evening the royal dinner party included the Primus Alice, Prince Alfred, Prince Louis of Hem, the Prince and Primer of bagmen, Sir Jame, Clark, Baron von Wester vraller, Major and the visitors who arrived in the afternoon. The Bawl of the Soots Fusilier Guards played daring dinner. Her Majesty's printer hand afterwards performed in the drawiag-rooes. The Qum, with Priames Alice, walked in the grounds of the Oral @ this morning, and visited the Duchess of Kent at Pressers. The Prince Comore, acoompaoied by Prince Alfred, the Duke of Nemo." the Duke d'Alencon, Prince Louis of Hesse, and Prince Leiningen went out shooting. Earl Spasm, Lord Stanley, and Sir George Grey had the honour of aoccopaoyisi the royal party. Princess Helium sad Priam, Lou..i rode in the Riding. house. The Hos. Horatio Stopford and the Hon. Emily Cathcart have mmoseded the Han. Flora Macdonald and the Elm. Heaaor Staskry an Maids of Honour in Waiting to the Queen. A meeting of the pariabridge ITnivensity Oniataimionere was held at 6, Adelphi4erterra, OD Tuesday Last. The cow min present were :—The Bishop of Cheater, the Bight lion. Lord Stank), the Bight Hon. Sir Lawrentie Peel, Vioe-Chancellor Sir Wrniam Page Wood, and the Rev, Dr. Vaughan. The Judicial Committee of the PrivyOonnell eat yeeler , dey. An appeal from British Guiana, , %tart aid= v. Norton,' lee howl. An amyl from Canada, " v. Lea," was commenced. The lords present were Lord Chelmsford, the Lords Justices Knight Brea and Turner, and Sir E. Ryan. irrr e tehes were remind at the Colonisikdles yesterday froGoversor of MAUL Deepatchee were !iient to the Governor of Canada. „ I,ADINZT COUNCIL—There is to be a Cabinet Council at Lord Palmerston's odlcial residence in Downing , street this afternoon. Their Royal Highneasee the Ductless of Cam bridge and the Admen Huy, attended by Lady Geraldine Somenet end Wood Some Panes, arrived yesterday at Cambridge Cottage, Kew, from Brighton. - - The Earl and Counties Stauhope leave town to day for Windsor Castle on a visit to bee Majesty. The Earl and Countess of Dalkeitl; are expected at the Duke of Buccleneh's residence in Belgrave-equare in • few days from Scotland. The Earl of Cianwilliam and Lord Gifford have Oft their residence In Belgraveagnare for Paris. Frances Countess Waldegrave and Mr. Harcourt have been entertaining a select circle of visitors at Straw berry-hill &nag the pot week. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston entertained at dinner last evening, at their residence in Piccadilly, hie Excellency the American Minister and Mrs. and Miss Was, the Duke of Newcastle, Lord and lady Wodehouse lady William Russell, Mr. Flastiags Russell, M.P., and lady Elisabeth Rumen, the Right Hon. W. F. Cowper, M.P., and Mrs. Cowper, Biz Roderick Murchison, Mr. Hayward, and Mr. Delmar The marriage of Lord Delamere and Mien Augusta Seymour, daughter of the Right Hon. Sr Hamilton and lady Seymour, is to be solsonciald the second week in the ermiug month. Sir Benjamin and Lady Brodie have arrived in Saville-row, from Broome Park, Barmy. The ()owing of age of Mr. Bates Van do Weyer, aided son of the Belgian Minister and Mallow Van de Weyer, was celebrated on Tuesday lad, at New Lodge, by • ball men to about 180 meideed in the asighbousitord. The band of the Bede Fusilier Guards attended, sad &Wag wee kept up with great SailThl4l3o, interrupted oily by sup per, which wee nerved at 12 o'clock. On a previous day all the persona employed on the aids bad been regaled with old Bogliek fare of road beef sad plum-pudding, followed by • ball in the servants' bal. Spring flowers are already making their appear ance. we (MamaJura Ckroaide) haws before um a little bouquet of primroses and daisies, pawed in the suntan of Nis Filch, of Yonlahant ; and a few days ego we sew bunch of violate picked in the neighbourhood. We (Chelmsford (;hronicL) have this week to re cord the death of John Adsy Hardee. Req., whose long life has been devoted to antiquarian studies. Mr. Repton was the eldest and only sway* son of the late Humphrey lepton, Req., well known as the great authority on Lud wig' prdenieg, which he prowled both by his literary pub- Umlauts and by the practise] exhitiltion of hie Mato In early life Mr. Jahn Adey Mapes. was espied is the restreg tics of the male of the Priem liardenbusg in herds. He le specially endeared to the What/lents of Springfield as baying been the howler, architect at the chapel of ease, dedicated to the Holy Trinity, in that parish, sad also of the picturesque infant school belonging to it. The Museum of this tows has also to thank him for many valuable suggestions and contributions. Mr. Repton was more publicly known as the oldest contributor to the Gostiemen's Aftwazine. Other literary publications were indebted to him for his able delineations of art and anti quity. With oue exception, Mr. itepton wee the oldest surviving member of the Antiquarian Society. The University of Pettit has been reopened, and, to the great delight of the Hungarian population, the open ing diacourees were given in sonorous Magyar. Not a few of the auditors actually wept on hearing once more their native tongue in the halls in which, for eleven long year*, German—the language of the foreigner and the oppressor has alone been spoken. The June of Courts Ride Volunteers will be in mooted by Colonel M'Mardo, CB., in Richmond Park to morrow at 3 o'clock, p.m. The battalion will parade In Hinds-bench-walk at 12, and march from thence to Water loo-station, over Blackfriars.bridge, arriving at Richmond ration about half•put 1. The firing will be with blank airtridge. News has reached Cape Town from the Zambezi mimetic. Dr. Liviagstom wee pursuiog Lie diecoveries with hi soul arm He wee about to proceed without any atomp up to the Makalolo country. A mail-bag from the Cape had been lost at the entrance to the Kongoite Harbour, by which Dr. Livingstoce had been prevented from hearing of ►ay news from the Caps. Tee Ma Robert was entirely disabled, and the psrty were therefore about to proceed on an overland journey, and on their return they expected to find a sew steamer ready for them with which they would try to reach the great lake Nyassi by the Ro wer river, said to flow out of it, and to be navigable 100 imam ill length. Parameter Semite, late of the licumwse, but recently transferred to the Lyra, wee drowned in sea. log the bar at Zemdbar with dispatches for Dr. Lhriaguttono ANNIVERSARY OF THE POURS! RNVOLVTION.—Yea tank), being the thirtieth anniversary of the Polish Revolu tioeof lirdo.3l, the Polite refugees resident in London at tended& funeral service, which was performed by the Rev. Z. Podotaki, at the Roman catholic chapel, Soho, for the repose of those who fell in the national struggle. Later in the day, a meriting was bell at Sweet Chambers, Duke-etreet, Bt. James's, under the presidency of Colonel B. Wiereinski, wbostrongly urged his countrymen to bear with patieucetheir present unfortunate lot, pointing out Italy as an example which will be followed by every other oppressed nation. Major Ssulmewild, Mr. Babe, and other gentlemen followed, all of whom dwelt on the internal development and the nevor-dying national spirit of their country as evidence of Polish vitality, and while rejoicing in the triumph of Italian hidependeune expressed a hope that the day for Poland's emancipation must come too and with an avenging we i g ht on their spoliators, who, during their recentl meeting in the capital of Poland, must have been convinced by the recep tion of the Pelee that they have nut forgotten the wrongs indicted on their country. A similar 'beetles was held in the evening at the Whittington Club, at which numerous speeches were delivered. PIRJUKY IN TAE Rcvlstrn HARRINTER'a GMAT. —At the ordinary sitting of the City justices, at the I Guildhall. Canterbury, yestenlay, a labouring man, of the ' name of William Lemur, upwards of 70 years of ego, was placed at the bar on the charve of wilful and corrupt per. jury before J. 0. Malcom, the revising barrister, at his court, held in the Guildhall, Canterbury, on the 16th .4 October last. On the omission referred to the defen dant swore that he did not receive any relief from the relieving of of the Bridge Union, in the month of Stroh nor at any time during the previous twelve months. Yesterday the relieving officer to the al Union deposed that during three weeks, ending remedi; on March ith, 14th, sad 21st, of the present year, the defendant received relief crmisting of 3.• in : Is. Rid. worth of mutton, and two (pattern loaves of 1 = amounting in the whole to Tie. 3d. per week. He gave the limner to the defendant Lims,lf. The defctidant was °an mitted for trial at the next asinvre. The Brussels buillpenclance publishes a letter which Prince Murat hes just addressed to one of hie friends, relative to the kingdom of Naples. The prince, while declaring himself an advocate of Italian unity, pronounces for the system of federation which would leave the autonomy of the different states untouched. He also speaks in strong terms of the policy which the Sardinian .government has followed towards , the Two Sicilies. The Leapetedance observes " It is well to remember that the Murat family conceives that it has rights to the crown of the Two Sicilia,. It is evidently in his character as a pretender to that crown, and not as a mem ber of the family of the Emperor of the French, that Prince Lucien has written and signed this sort of protest. His opinion, in spite of the devotion towards Italy upon which he says it is based, is not sufficiently disinterested to have any weight. It is easy to see in read ing this letter that it is impossible for a pretender to the throne of Naples to ap prove of the unification of Italy, as it has been effected by the will of the people and the interven tion of Sartlinia, since the very stroke which abolishes the kingdom of Naples sweeps away all the dynastic hopes which a pre , tender might nourish. This, perhaps, is the secret of Prince Murat's letter. As to the accusations of corruption and violence which the Prince brings against the voters of the Neapolitan and Sicilian populations, they have been already laid down in the protests of Francis 1., and we must oppose to them the denial which we maintained when they i came before us under the signature of the Minister of Foreign Affairs at Gaeta." GAETA. NAPLES, Nov. 29. The garrison of Gaeta has made a sortie, in order to capture the strategical positions of the suburbs. The Neapolitans were repulsed by the Sardinians with great loss. SARDINIA AND THE RINSE TOWNS. BREMEN, Nov. 29. A oon.vention was concluded between the Hansa Towns and Sardinia on the 20th September for the extension of their mutual commercial relations. This convention has been ratified within the last few days. • It appears from recent communications that a general belief is entertained in Italy of the speedy departulls of Francis 11. from Gaeta. Provisions are running short, although the communications with the States of the Church are still open ; nor is ammunition believed to be so plentiful as was supposed. As long as the ex-King continues under the delusion that a permanent reaction is possible at Naples, he will hesitate, and no longer. Per ▪ recently arrived from South Italy, who have the means of being well informed on the subject, assure me he has not the slightest intention of burying himself under the ruins of Gaeta. The Peter's pence movement his, in common with all other ultramontane "dodges," received a considerable check by the decree of the 24th No vember. The remittances from enlightened, and by no means catholic France, will be few and far between. Still no pains will be spared to stir up the faithful. Among other petits raoyene, recourse has been had in the city of Tours to the following puff collateral : A grocer of that ancient capital of one of the fairest portions of France advertises, in theJourticti d'hidre et-Loire, that he has decided upon putting aside for the Holy Father 10 per cent. upon his profits on his celebrated chocolate known as St. Peter's chocolate, which gained the prize medal, kc. kc. All counterfeits liable to, &c. kc. During one of the long sieges in Flanders, at which Louis XIV. was present, the commander-in chief of the besieged city sent a flag of truce, with his compliments, and begged to know which were i the King's quarters, in order that the fire might not be directed that way. A similar courtesy is related in the Prase, on the part of the besieging force outside Gaeta :—The ex-King ham an attack of hynioptysis —whatever that may be. The Neapolitan Doctor Prudente has gone to attend upon him ; and until the doctor issues a bulletin announcing the con valescence of his patient, the bombardment of the place will not begin. Great satisfaction is caused by the belief, gene rally entertained, that in future the system of government candidates at the elections, openly and avowedly, and it may be added, defiantly supported by governmental action, will be discontinued. I have already drawn the attention of your readers to the importance of this subject. It would appear that Europe is destined to hear ere long of Polish nationality. Letters from Posen state that the Polish journals openly declare that Poland must be again the Poland of other times. "Neither a German Poland—even with a constitu tion—nor a Russian Poland—but a Poland inde pendent, and extending to her ancient limits." The correspondent in question says :—" The hatred against Germans and Huainan is intense. In certain circles, they are only designated by inju rious and insulting nick-names." The Bourse opened heavily, with little doing. Animation was restored by the intelligence that the Bank of England had lowered the rate of inte rest to 5 per cent. A general rise in securities im mediately took place. The Rente left off at 70fr. 40c. for money, and 70fr. 35c. for the account, being a rise of 25c. and l&. respectively. Crddit Mobilier left off at 777 fr. 50c. money, and 770 fr. 25c. the account, being a rise of sfr. and of 7fr. 50c. ITALY. PARIS. THI/lIIDAT EVERIC. --4- THE OPERATIONS BEFORE OAETA. (nom on Noma. OIALDLNFS HEADQUARTERS, NOLA DI GAETA, Nov. 20. In order that you may appreciate the difficulties General Menabrea has to contend with in carrying out the siege operations of this place, I must enter into some details. This town, which is divided into two distinct parts—the lower and the upper, the first of which is called Castellone, the other Molt—is situated on the smiling shores of the gulf, amongst pieturesque groves of orange and olive trees. The Forman Villa, the favourite re sidence of Cicero, stood below the terraces of the bill where the upper part of the modern town has been built. The main street runs parallel to the shore of the gulf, and leads to the road towards Gaeta. At about half a mile from the town this road divides into two ; one following the shores of the sea, the other branching off in the direction of the mountains. The latter is the Via Conederis to Rome. For awhile it skirts the foot of Monte Coma and then rises up through the defiles of the mountains, where the town of Itri stands. It is from the point at which the main road to Gaeta branches off towards Itri that Monte Cones turns on the left, in the direction of the Gulf of Gaeta, forming a narrow valley, which is screened by its broad blank. There is no road, for indeed the paths which skirt the foot of the mountains do not deserve the name. It is by following the foot of Monte Conca that we reach the two other end nences called the Capucini and Monte Sant Agate, which command the rounded hill at the base of which stands Gaeta. This bill, which is now called delta Torre d'Orlando, thus forms an inte gral part of the famous fortress, and enters into its system of defence. Batteries over batteries have been thrown up and dug in its flank, so that it can at the same tune ooinmand the narrow defiles Of Monte Conca and the shores of the open sea. It is only by silencing these formid able batteries that the right side of the fortress can be approached by a besieging army. But to place guns and mortars on the heights of the Capuoini and Monte Sant Agate, you must begin by making a road to them, and road there was none. This, therefore is what General Me =threetherefore, is now busily engaged in constructing. One of these roads leads from the Via Conaularis of Itri to the seashore, on which the Borgo stands ; the other skirts Monte Ounce, and joins the former at the foot of Monte Sant Angelo. No one who has not visited the country can judge of the difficul ties of this undertaking. The base of the valley, and the foot of the mountain through which these two roads must pass, form a continuous up ma down, and are obstructed by stones of an enor mous else. The working of the ground is rendered still more difficult by the rainy season, which lets already begun. In consequence of the abundant rains the soldiers are obliged to work in the mud ; and the soil is so slippery that they can ' warmly stand on their feet. General Cthlruigtou was really surprised when he was told by Menabrea that the two miles of roads already achieved had been the work of only ten days. These roads are constructed by parties of soldiers of the line, who get extra pay of two soldi • day, and a glass of brandy besides. It is noticeable that when the working parties—which are every two days exchauged—belong to the oth and 10th Regiment', in which the Lombard and Piedinoutese element predominate., the work is more quickly done than when the majority of the working men be to the more southern provinces of the peninsula. The superiority of the northern element is thus proved in au unmistakeable manner. The Neapolitans within the walls of Gaeta are perfectly aware that the Sardinbuis are working on the other side of Monte Conca, and one of their occupations is to throw now and thou shells in that direction • but if we except • few cases of wounde d no serious losses have been inflicted on the Sal , diuian army. But whilst the projectiles of the enemy are doing but little harm to the working parties, or to the out-posts, on this side, they are destroying the house.' of Bo go, which, as I said before, stands on the shore of the gulf, at about half a mile from the gates of Gaeta. This village is occupied by a battalion of Piedmontese Bersagliari, but batteries have not been erected, nor will they be. It is, therefore, a useless work of destruction the Neapolitans are engaged in when they shell the houses of this place. The population has naturally emigrated to this town or the neighbouring villages, but some poor fi shermen who had not the courage to leave their homes were sacrificed on Saturday morning, together with a woman and a child. A shell having burst at the door of a cottage, six per. sons were killed and two greatly injured by the explosion. It is indeed a cowardly act of barbarity to shell a village which had already been sacked by the disorderly Neapolitan and Bavarian soldiery, when they were driven out of this town of Mole. But it seems thst Francis 11. wants to prove to Europe that he well deserved the nickname conferred upon him after the bombardment of Palermo. He is the worthy eon of his royal father. You must not forget that the Sardinians have never answered, even by a single shot, the fire from Gaeta. Nor could they do it, for not a pieoe of artillery has yet been mounted against the besieged tows. It will be at least a fortnight before General Menabrea is able to carry out his plan of attack. The roads must be finished, and then the batteries must be constructed and mounted with their powerful artillery. The Piedmoutese general intends to open fire with at least 90 guns, and to endeavour by this means to spread terror amongst the demoralised garrison, who in all probability will compel the King to leave the place or capitulate. If, how ever, the garrison can get under shelter, then Gaeta may be able to resist for many months more, should the French fleet persist in protecting it by prevent ing the Sardinian admiral from attacking the for tress by sea. RAILWAY COLLISION NEAR DARLINGTON. DARLINGTON, THURSDAY NIGHT. A collision has taken place on the railway at Croft, near this town. A goods train ran iuto s train of empty osal waggons. The extent of the violent is not yet known, but it Is supposed to be somewhat serious, inasmuch as the south mail train was delayed three hours inconsequence. THE COLLIERS IN THE WEST RIDING. THREATENED STRIKE. --•-- The various colliery owners iu the districts of Ardsley, Morley, Gildersome, Drighlington, Birstal, Chu well, and Birkenshaw,are under notice from the Miners' Union that, unless the colliers in the employment of the respective firma receive an advance of wages to the extent of 10 per mot., from to-morrow (Saturday), they will all leave their employment. The notices expire this (Friday) evening. The employers have yielded en advance of '35 per cent. during the last four years. The employers have stated their psi. ton to the delegates of the union, and have in vain urged their inability to grant this new demand. In a long inter- view between them, the masters expressed their strong cue. victims that it would be utterly futile for them, in the pre. sent state of trade in Leeds and Bradford, to seek fur a corresponding advance in the price of coal, and that the result must be, if the demand were persisted in, the closing of their pits, and leaving the &drier.. to be supplied with coal from other and more distant districts, as, indeed, they believed would be the case if the prices of coal were further advanced. The delegates maintained that an advance would be readily conceded by the public, and had only to be sought. Some of the delegates avowed that the colliers did not receive en adequate share of the profits arising from the employment of capital, and it was their desire and determination to endeavour to realise such a share. The meeting ended without any amicable arrange ment being come to, and the crisis is just now a threatening one. The employers have expressed their determination not to yield, and the colliers have announced a meeting of their body to be held this (Friday) afternoon, at Walton Moor, to amides. what step shall now be takes. A letter from Turin, in the Gazette du Midi, states that the diligence trots Xwat Ong la, having 19 passengers in and on it,upset a few days ago, and but for a post which hap. pity stood in the way, all would have been precipitated to the bottom of • precipice. This accident was not (says the letter) caused by the quantity of snow which had fallen, but by the fault of the administration, which had placed a weight of 3,000 kilogrammes on the root of the carriage, although the quantity is restricted by law to 1,500 kilos. Tait BIBLE IN BILGIIIM.—The Obsereateur of Bnosola publishes a commankution from St. Trond, is Belgium, which states that four days hack, at this latter place, an extraordinary scene took place. A non expand for sale at a stall in the market place a number of Bibles of the Evsnplioal Soolety : a person bought one, stuck it on the top of a pole, sprinkled it with turpentine, and set it on Sr.. Whilst it was burning he loudly denounced the society foe distributing Bibles. On this a crowd which had assembled rushed on the dealer', stall, tore the Bibles to pieces, and scattered the fragmenta about. This led to a tumultuous scene, and the gendarmery bad to interfere, and to make several arrests before order was re-established. THE POPE AND THE EX-ROYAL FAMILY OF A. PLEB.—The Oiorriak di Rona, of the 20th instant, mys :-- " On the 20th of this mouth there suddenly arrived at Civita Vecchia from Gaeta her Majesty the Queen Dowager of Naples, under the strictest irscoeratro of the Cotuiteas of St. Cecilia, accompanied by most of the priores and prin. ()asses of the royal family, her children and their suite. She theooe proceeded to this capital. At the railway station she was met by Cardinal Antotielli and Monsignori Stella and Ricci, of his Handel'. household. The roy:Il party went directly to the Apostolic Palace on the Quirinal, which hie Holiness bad placed at their service. The three malteds above named did the honours. The major demo of St. Peter immediately presented his homage to the Queen. Yesterday the Huly Father, preceded by his court, at half. past 3 in the afternoon, paid a visit to the Queen Dowager, who, with her august family, came to the bottom of the staircase to receive his Holiness. In the apartments the Holy Father had • long conversetion with the Quota Dowager and her family. me Queen presented to him the personages of her suite, who were admitted to the honour of kissing his feet. The Holy Father, after giving his epos tolical blueing, was reetioducted to his carriage by the royal finally, and returned to the Vatican." REHIONATION OF A ROMAN CATHOLIC BIdHOP.-w We understand that within the last few day. a communica. tion has been received from his Holiness the Pope, woe* ing the voluntary resignation, sent in a short time ago, Dr. Briggs, the catholic bishop of Beverley, which Wieder the whole county of York. Dr. Briggs, who is up• wards of 70 years of age, was the oldest bishop iu connexion with the Romeo catholic body in the kingdom, and the grounds of his resignation are old age and infirmity. Before the hierarchy he wee president of the College of St. Cuth bert, at lislusw, near Durham and the Bishop of Track also vicar-apostolic of the noriheru district, which included the counties of Durham, Yorkshire, Lautaishire, nu, and was much respected. On Tuesday last a meeting of the chapter was held at York for the purpose of electing a vicar capitular, or administiator of the dinceao, uotil the appoint. meat of a successor to Dr. Bi lime, when the Rev. J. Render, of York, was chosen for that office. lu the course of next month another meeting of the Roman cath o lic chapter will be held at York, over which Cepheid Wiseman will pre,itle, when the names of three persona suitable to Mt the vacant office will be selected, and submitted to the Pope, one of whom, in the ordinary mouse, will receive the appointment to the bishopric of Beverley.—Leeds Afercirry. Tax Nzw PRESIDENT.—Mr. Lincoln, Mint) his election, has been quietly receiving such as climes to call upon him at the Executive Chamber in the State Capitol. Crowds of houeet and etunly though rough-looking fanners come in to see their old friend, „ Hone-ms Abe," and shake him by the hand. They find him the same jovial, pleasant, amiable, affable, story-telling companion, while they cannot but aduiire the remarkable ahreatlie aK, the keen insight into human nature, and the active intellect which a tuomeut's conversation in sure to develop. He has a pleasant wind and smile for all, and hie ohleet friends say that they do not see that he lass given way one particle to the natural self-esteem which most men woad develop under such eircurnstautus. Hie facial contortions arid animated gesticulations are the name u ever, and, though sonic may deem them undignified, all admit that they are expressive. There ia no likelihood of his ever being ensue. demote], for he says a thing emphatically, yet urlunely. New Turk Tints. _ _ LEITZDA FOIL MONTX VIDEO, BVENtis AVRER, AND PARAGUAT.—On the bit January next and thenceforward t the former British rate of postage between the Republic of the Uruguay (including Monte Video) and the United Kingdom, tamely, one chilling fur a letter not exceeding Asa an ounce in weight (which postage was reduced but ear under a postal emaciation which the legislature of the Uruguay has refused to nitify), will hu reimposed. Front the wine date the British postage upon letters for Burned Ayres, or any other put of the Argentine confederation, as well as upon lettere for the Republic of Para Quay, which Wee reduced siinultaueously with the peetape to the l'ru gitay, will in like manner 14 raised from biX pence to one shilling for a latter not exceeding half an ounce, and will thus 14 made uniform with the British rate to the l'rugoiy and Brasil. For heavier letters the postage will incense acoording to the usual stale. The pnetage must, he hereto fore, in all caeca be ptid in adenine, or the lectern cannot be forwarded.--By command of the Postmastcr-Genend. ltorruatn Her, Bectetary.—General Post-ottice, bar!!, 1901 OItEETAL PALACE. ONE SHILLING DaY.•••• Tar/MOAT, Nov. 2't —Admissions on raiment, 31 0 9 ; ditto by mmioa tickets, 2GS ; total viastors, btl7. ....._, 11 . ( 1 4 0 .--rAt . .., •}, -., i __.• .• . _ii :1 , -Nis • 4, ;' :: • +wok • : 1 I A. 1 , P► 9 c . i VEMB "SO -'1 i, 0- or' ....... '"IIIPP"' smart monerlioin a the ' ."—^ .1. '.. i rt. • : . t. . • LAT "0 4 : -I ' TELLIGEN .- • EXPit juiiitON reward to the B oar d. 47 . 1 ivIITOR CANTLE , --.. .... —_,_._ a, . . 29. -- didincilY " 4 " 4" r°l. The Dine of Nemours and the Duke d'Alencon NAPLES. (Mort 008 OWN 0011NRPC "Para" "let ,. i°lll4 on arrived ywitalllyattoriolia. as a tittle ler **AA 'The LEITER OF PIECE MURAL'.. t, on foot of the cost of %s w i m **maw arrived a t ik. ow. :__The Furl an d ' ..,_ ~_.. ..,_ il..- --..._ _, I'm ~ • ~_ THE EAST. CONSTANTINOPLE, Nov. 24. The collective note of the ambassadors to the Porte, urging reforms, originated with Sir Henry Bulwer. It was well received. Ferhad Pacha, who was recently tried at the in stance of Rira Pacha, has died suddenly. It is suspected that he was poisoned. The chief of the eunuchs has been degraded for violently assaulting another official of the paler*. The news from the provinces is pacific. Exchanges are falling. THE UNITED STATES. EXCITEMENT AT TEE SOUTH. SOUTHAMPTON, Nov. JO. The North Atlantic Company's steamship At lantic, C►ptain Gray, has arrived. She brings 34 passengers fur Havre, and 20 for England, and specie for France, 80,100 dole. The Atlantic left New York on the 17th ; on the 18th, at 1.90 a.m., she exchanged signals with the Vanderbilt, 130 miles from New York. On the 28th, lat. 50.04 N., long. 12.00 W., exchanged sig nals with the American ship Cornelius Greinvelle. The screw steamer Edinburgh left Now York at the same time as the Atlantic. The crisis in the southern states continues. At Charleston preparations were steadily progressing for the convention. Cavalry and infantry were In the streets in large numbers drilling. In Mobile a meeting of all parties unanimously favoured seoeasion. Resolutions to await the action of other aster were voted down and with drawn. The students of the Univenity in Virginia had held a meeting, and adopted resolutions approving the action of the receding states. In Georgia it was agreed that no union party should be formed, and the delegates elected for a convention should be untrammelled by pledges. At Alabama the disunion feeling is on the in crease; the people more quiet than ever before known, but all are determined to act. Mexicali affairn are rather gloomy ; there is little hope of a aettlement of the imbroglio. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Advice* from the mouth represent Weimer as hampered by the pending political agitations. Exchange is hard of sale, and the movement of cotton oorrespoodingly retarded. The New York money market continued to be distress- ingly tight ; the offerings of the hanks were =usually large. In the Street beat names were quoted from 12 to 18 per cent. The foreign exchange market was dull from the impoasi• bility of selling bills. The leading dam= ask 1084 to ; commercial bills range from 104 to 106. The stock market closed unsettled at a small decline. Brokers obtained money at 7 per cent. without much difficulty. The speculative stocks ieclined most. State stocks were offered in excess of the demand end fell off considerably. The closing prices of the da were Central, 59i to ; New York Cen 724 to I Erie, 281 to 20 ; Harlem, 15 to f ; Reading, 34 toir Michigan Central, 50a to I ; ditto Southern Naas= Indiana, 141, to 15; ditto Guaranteed, 30f to 31 ; Panama, 112 to 113; Cleveland and Toledo, 27 to 28 ; Chicago and Rock Island, 52i to 53. Cotton sake, 1,700 . bales ; market regular. Flour Wes were moderate ; woes fully sc. per barrel lower. Wheat heavy and Wes light. Freights firm and shipments less active. New ORLILAND, Nov. 18.—Cotton declined ic. ; sales, 8,800 bales ; sales of the week, 47,030 bales. :Sugar quiet. Coffee firm • sales of the week, 0,500 bags ; stock in port, 21,500 b a p? dterling exchange 31 to 4 prem. sight. Ex change iu New York, ito d discount. Freight on cotton to Liverpool, Id. CHAILINTON, Nov. 15.—Cotton Sales, 2,000 bales. titles of the week, 8,000 bales. Market unsettled, and de ' dined le. tole. ;_good 101 c. to 11c. CHAILENTOS, NOV. 16.—Cotton irregular ; sales, 1,300 bales, rangiorfrom 31c. to 111 c. BUITALU, Nov. 18.—Flour quiet and unchanged. Wheat dull ; nothing of importance doing ; sale~, 2,000 bushels, at 1 dol. 24.1 e. Oewr.oo.—Flour dull. Wheat dull and lower; des, 11,000 bushels, at 1 dol. 2c. Prince Napoleon was to leave Paris yesterday on on excursion to Switzerland. His imperial highness pro ceed' to Prel l / 4 /114 near Iwks Constance, where he has • residence. The Emperor and the Prince Imperial arrived at CiampiZynii . at half-past 3in the afternoon 0/Tuesday, and were received at the railway station by the civil and military authorities, and the officers of the regiment of °vides in garrison in the town, all in full uniform. A large crowd awnenbled near the station and along the stresta. The Emperor proceeded to the palace in an open carriage, and was greeted with loud acrismstions. The Prince Imperial was is a close carriage, accompanied by one of his gouver tastes. The Emperor, it is said, will make a shorter slay at Compi4ne than bad been expected. The Princess Clo tilde prid a visit to tl.e Prince Imperiri at the Tuileries previous to his departure fur Corupi4ne.