The Express. — London, England, 1855-02-12 00:00:00

FRANCE. (MY Sal 0011111PORDIDIT OF TRII DAILY trews.) PARIS, SATURDAY EVRXIIO. The following very remarkable c=pit In the /Inane, professedly addressed to as wallas French newspapers, and, in point of het, neat es en admonition to the English peen else% will be read with intent: interest at the present moment " It is useful to remind the peen, both in Frans* aid abroad, of the imperious deities of discreties which the security and interest of our troops im pose on their patriotism and impartiality. Foe the purrss of gratifying the impatient*, otherwise so legitimate, of their readers, the journals pub. lisp, on the military operations at the Ceheee r information, sometimes correct, but men frequestly false, which is transmitted to them from the theatre of war, or taken from letters written by el& errs and soldiers to their families. When these recitals are false they mislead public opinion ; and when true are attended with a still more serious inconvenience, that of giving the enemy some idea of the plans and means of attack combined by the generalrin-chief in their secret conceits, and so everything that ought carefully to be kept secret is revealed. In both cases this publicity is dangerous and even culpable, and if it cannot be repressed in countries where discussion is free, it will certainly be sufficient to point out the danger of such indiscre tions, to render them henceforth impossible. Every one must, in fact, comprehend that letters written from the camp of Saba,topol on the operations of the siege are not intended for the Russians. To change these confidential letters into articles for journals. is to expose the lives of the heroic besiegers. In a time of war, silence is sometimes a sacred duty for those who every day ad dress the public ;if journals lose something by this, as far as their interest goes, they gain considerably in self respect. We no longer live in a time when war abroad should necessarily lead to dictatorship at home. The governments which have accepted the honour and responsibility of a great struggle, entered into for the purpose of insuring the independence and balance of power in Europe, have not found it necessary to decree laws of public safety. They have relied on the intelligence of public opinion, as well as on the heroism, the patience, and the abnegation of their armies and their fleets; they have not been deceived on any point, neither will they be disap pointed when they request from the press of all countries the patriotism of discretion." 'The Prestos says of the above article : We found this exhortation is addressed much more to this foreign than to the French press. The Paris journals do not general)g Na is the direction of audacity or indiscretion. I believe the erroneous impression which I men tioned yesterday as having existed in the public mind, that the negotiations with Petunia were likely to lead to a favourable issue, may be traced to a too sanguine opinion, momentarily entertained by M. Drouyn de Lbuys, of the persuasive power of his own eloquent despatches. When MM. de Wedell and Usedore arrived in Paris, the Foreign Minister re ceived them with more than diplomatic courtesy, and talked so accommodatingly about the " analogous treaty" as to lead these statesmen to believe that Prussia had really gained her point. Letters were sent all over Germany after this interview stating that all the coacessions Prussia desired would be made, and the opinions so ventilated were speedily reflected back to Paris by telegraph. M. Drouyn de Lbuye, I em told, had persuaded himself, on the other band, that, at the pnce of waiving the mere form of Prussia's adhesion to the treaty of Dec. 2nd, his last despatch had really succeeded in inducing Prussia to bind her. self to similar terms by a separate engagement. On further examination, however, it was found that the whole negotiation was but a piece of diplomatic fencing. Prussia proposed the " analogous treaty" not expecting it to be accepted, and as an excuse for not joining the Western Powers. France accepted it, in order to put Prussia's sincerity to the test, but n meant to be friends with Prussia on any other terms than an honest offensive and defensive alliance against Russia. This neither M. de Wedell nor M. Leedom had any serious intention to conclude. The Emperor, who knew this well, received them with icy coldness, and cut short the conversation, as I told you yesterday, by a rough announcement that if Prussia did not consent to the march of a French army across her territory, the army would go without leave. M. Drouyn de ',buys was, I know for certain, quaking for some hours in the fear of losing his place for haring been too mealy-mouthed with the l'russians. The court of Berlin, finding its two envoys at fault, has resolved to send a third. M. Niebuhr is expected here immediately—sent at the ur;ent request of the Russian General Benckendorff. According to some accounts he is the bearer of fresh instructions to General de Wedell, while other letters say he is coming on a like mission. No evasion will answer for many hours longer. Prussia must come to the point at once. The reports of a mutiny among the Zouaves in the Crimea, brought to Paris by the London journals, have created a very painful sensation. The story is no doubt greatly exaggerated, but it is not thought altogether without foundation. The notion of 400 men having been sent in irons to Toulon is scouted as absurd. General Canrobert would certainly not find such a number of fetters in the whole French camp. But the Tendon generally credited at the Bourse cwhere the affair was much talked of) was that the lonaves had obj ected to obey the orders given them to bring up English stores from Balaklava ; that a mutiny, or something very like one, had occurred ; and that one consequence of it was the occupation by the French of a considera ble portion of the line of the English trenches, which Lord Raglan's army was not able to serve effectually. Those who know the Zouaves, and their wild determined nature, think them quite capable of revolting against an order to do any work which might not appear to them within the legitimate sphere of their duty as soldiers. The Bourse has been exceedingly heavy all day. The disposition of the market has suffered a marked change since the beginning of the week. The Rent* fell JJR , closing at 87.15. All the railways were lower. Rouen fell 10E, and Lyons and Mediterranean 12.50. Northern fell 7.50. Bank of France recovered of. from the fall of yesterday. Some larim sale@ were made in the Austrian railways, which fell 17. According to a Paris letter in the indipenekesseet Brussels, a marriage is in contemplation between die second son of Prince Czartoryski and the 'Wet daughter of Queen Maria Christina and the Duke& Manna's. The'youthful couple, in case of the ado taking place, will reside, it is said, in Paris. It has been decided that the new statue in bream of Joan of Arc, ind the newly repaired Hotel de Ville at Orleans, shall be inaugurated on the Bth of May next, with great pomp. It appears from the returns of the Beak of Pismo for the month ending Thursday, Feb. 8, that esa metallic reserve has increased at Paris 7 million. and in the provinces 421 million francs. The die. count accommodation shows an augmentation of lif • millions in Paris and 21 millions in the branch tanks. The advances on public securities of France assoeht about the same in the Paris establishment, but are nearly 1 million greater in the departments. The advances on railway securities are 11 minion greater in Paris, and near:y 2 millions greater in the provinces. The rent., of the reserve fund have increased from 10 million to nearly 13. The item of discounted treasury bonds for the go vernment (which amounted last month to 30 ...millions) no longer appears in the returns, and has consequently, it is to be presumed, been paid off. On the aide of the liabilities, the notes in circulation have declined 2 millions in Paris and 111 millions in the branch banks. The account-current of the Treasury increased from 73 to 121 millions, evidently in asesequence of the money received from the subscrip tions to the loan. Private amounts current have increased 11 millions in Paris, and a few hundred thousand francs in the provinces. The whole of the metallic reserve amounts at present to 422/ millions, to 637 millions of notes in circulation. PARIS, SIMDLT Evaxixo. According to the Courrier du Pas de Calais, it is rumoured in the northern amp that the Emperor sal go to Boulogne this week. An aidedscarnp of General Marmara, and leveed Piedmontass officers, mired at Lyons from Turin cm Fri * evening, and yesterday morning they em barked in a Rhone steamer, on their way to the CAMS to mate poperatione foe the arrival of the Piedmont'', enetingent. . _ _ _ A Bucharest letier of Jan. 31, in the Comfits. gonna, gives the following account of the reasons which led Omer Pasha to tender the resignation of his ocesinand Those hes k. been a bed holies beton. OMIT Packs amiort ties the Turkish miloblatina Pecks more per . T very neosimat thetthoZalerm.at the request iWir F e_pliONlS of the allied essedge. iMemlaed to send Omer Nall Mai Crime, the Ale eommesi of the army of Soeundla sod the pima Dawdle woe etederred upon buten Paths. who bed previously loss iodinated for the army of Lela. Ismael is net te is under the orders of Ocoee Puha. The latter woe the mere inligoant at this dimilosedes of the importune of ble command, during be ams, while he MI is vela the whole winter long eidisitsi daddy nod &me for be army, Rise Po at mere esettlobisall Pasha all that the generalissimo had been waft M Odds. The iadoepemiene outherity given to Ismail Peas be the practical diet of ieprivisi Omer Pacha of the milobeeenlell's and ems the which he might la it oemmary to draw from Instead of giving orders he would be fond to solicit from Ismail Packs, as from • colleague, end at the risk of • refusal, the subeisteace of his owe army. This is the more serious that there me SO stores of any sort at Eapatoris, and the Turkish troops are obliged to carry everything with them to the Crimea. The corps already embarked at Hopatoria are subjected to great prim ions. Nothing bet affeetice for, and mildews, in, Omer Paella, keeps op the spirits of the troops. So great is this affection that several colonels on learning that their regiments were not to go to the Crimea begged permission to follow their 'semi as simple volunteen. It is, therefore, the fear of seeing the well being of his army compromised, which determiaed Omer Puha to resign. This retirement is more thee • toes for Turkey. It is a calamity, for there does sot sow remain in the Ottoman Empire • single general possessing the knowledge, eapacity, and expertise's, seceseary to make war on a large seal.. The above letter was written before the with drawal of Omer Pacha's resignation, consequent upon the yielding of the Porte to hie jut and neces sary demands. M. Soule arrived in Paris last night at the Hotel de Londres. He goes to London to-morrow, and will sail from Cowes on Wednesday in the St. Louis for the United States. He considers the scheme for the purchase of Cuba by America as completely knocked on the head. A St. Petersburg letter of Februaryy, 3, states that the Czar's government has just resolved upon two grand industrial measures. The Volga is to be made navigable from Aatrakan to the Caspian Sea, and a company to be called the " Golden Fleece" is maim rised to work the gold mines in Siberia. This morning. at half-past nine, the three-mast sailing vessel Franoe-et-Bretagne anchored in the Seine, opposite the Louvre, having made the voyage from Paris to Rio Janeiro and back. The event of her safe return was celebrated by the firing of a hundred ' and one guns. Within the last two years the safe arrival up the Seine of several seagoing ships. spe cially built for the purpose, has gone far to establish the darling proposition that Paris may be esteemed a port-de-mer, but this is the first time that any ship that has crossed the Atlantic has made her way to Paris. The captain of the vessel complains, with much reason, that he was compelled by the custom house authorities at Rouen to land the whole of his cargo there for examination, and he afterwards had to re-ship it. He hopes that the success of his expe riment in navigation will lead to an order from the director general and customs allowing vessels to pro ceed direct to the quays of P ar i s w ith ou t b e i ng sub jected to the delay and expense of unshippiog their cargo at any intermediate port. The France-et-Bretagne was built at Bordeaux by M. G. B. Coureau, according to a plan submitted by the captain, M. Le Barazer, for the purpose of expe rimentally settling the question whether a vessel adapted tor a long voyage could come up the Seine to Paris. Vely Pacha, the Turkish ambusador, gave a bell last night, which was thronged to an extraordinary degree by persons anxious to show their regret at his recall. M. Odillon Barrot was yesterday elected a free member of the Academy of Bdinces in place of M. Blondeau. At the same time, there being a vacancy for a foreign • member, M. Brand*. of Bonn, was chosen. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 12, 1855. ' AUSTRIA. (now 1111 COMIPOINDIUM 0) Till DAILY MO VIENNA, Fsz. The sodden and =expected return to this city of b. our envoy at Berlin, Count George Fsterhazy, has of came, made a great sensation and caused much discussion, as it was at first currently believed teat a formal rapture had taken place, by which the diplo. matio relations were broken of It was, therefore, with great satisfaction that the public were made acquainted by the official organs of the press that thee, relations were only temporarily suspended. The count had yesterday a long audience of the Emperor, in which nobody else but Count Buol was present. Nothing is yet known as to the time of Count Esterhazy's return to Berlin. In a day or two a general order will be published, in which those regiments of the line which have not yet mobilised their grenadier battalions will be ordered to do so forthwith and bring up their num bers to the figure required for the war-footing. This measure will have effect on 26 regiments, the others' having been ordered to do the same as far back as the middle of December last, and have long since been complete. It was at first expected that Baron von Bruck would return immediately from his post at Coast= tinople to undertake the direction of the Austrian finances, to which ministry be is appointed, as already mentioned in a former letter. It appears now, how ever, that his acceptance of the office is contingent upon certain conditions he makes being acceded to. These are :-1. That in his own financial sphere he is not to be controlled by a collective vote of the council of ministers; 2. That he considers it indispensable to effect a sweeping reform in the ministry of war and the general administration of the army; and 3. That be shall be at liberty to resume with energy his former negotiations for effecting the commercial union of the whole of the Austrian dominions and all the states of Germany. It is not yet known whether these conditions have been accepted, but the telegraph announces the departure for Constantinople of Baron von Koller, by the Austrian steamer of war, Car tatone, who had orders to await Bruck's arrival at Trieste, and which are now countermanded. According to the new military code of laws for the Austrian army, which will come into operation on the Ist of July next, duels are punishable with im prisonment of from six months to one year, if neither of the piffles are wounded, and from one to five years if one or both the principals are wounded. In cue of a death by duelling, the survivor will be imprisoned from five to ten years. The challenger is to suffer more than the challenged party, unless it can be proved that the latter provoked his oppo nent to call him out. Seconds are liable to imprisonment from six months to one, and even three years, according to circumstances, unless it can be shown that they used every exertion to prevent the meeting. Letters from Munich state that now that the cholera' has entirely ceased in Bavaria, the official report of its ravages has been published. From this it appears that from the 27th of July to the 31st of December the total number of cases amounted to 1.5,534, and the deaths to 7,441. Out of the 280 official districts into which the kingdom is divided 123 were visited with more or lees severity by the contagion. :17.71 NAVAL AND rAR Y. AnusALT:, Fps. 10. APPOIXTHINTL—Oota maim J. 11. Hays (1841) to the Puma, 8. mew steam Met ilmml-Power, at Woolwich ; mad 0. H. Clarke to tat Oast Gard. Lasagna H. C. Tattaall (1884) to the Cornwallis, 60, wow at Devoaport ; end C. W. Martin, to the Calcutta. 84, at Davenport. Chaplin D. B. Domani* to the Pembroke, 60, mew stemoblo, at Falmouth. Aseletaaneargeos F. V. Beadkod (1862) to the Hostig., 60, sam stesonwhip, at Portsmouth. Clerks W. H. Oggard to the Hord Osage, 120, screw steam-ship, of 400 bone-power, at 81111•Theell aad F. F. Brasfield (1861) to the Rassall, 60, screw sleasa•ship, at Sharma. Clerk it Chugs R. D. Hire (1848) to the Alban, 4, paddle-wheel stems teasel, of 100 horse-power, at Wool wich. PORTSMOUTH, SUNDAT. The steam transport Telegraph has arrived in harbour to-night from Liverpool. • PORTBIIOIJTH, Pea. 11. The Sprightly, steamer,' Master Commander G. Allan, sailed for Plymouth yesterday afternoon, with 200 seamen,for the ships refitti ng then for the Baltic The Orinoco, steam transport, came into harbour yllstit , day sfUrnoon, from Spithead, to dissiabark the sick and wounded troops, 112 in number, she has brought home from the But. The sues requiring to go to hospital wars stance landed and conveyed there. Several sues frees the Nep tune, 120, Captain Hutton, wore also brought into harbour yesterday aaernoon, by the Bete, steam tug, and taken to hospital, there not being sufficient water for the Neptune te ornate In herself. This completed the diremberkatioa of the Neptune s 200 sick and wounded men. The Harbinger, ' screw transpire, sailed from Bpithead yesterday morning with the sick and wounded, about 90 is number, she had brought home, for Chatham, to disembark them there. Commander John Hayes. late of H.N. ship Champion, is appointed ta the °raiz 8, serew-sloop, at Woolwich, for service In a new White S ea squares. The Charlotte Jane, freipt ship, sailed and foe 'the West ladies with drafts of the 67th and 69th Reg'- , meats ; the first named regiment being stationed at Amnia' ' and the last at Barbados'. A court-martlal is to be held t,-morrow on board the Victory, flag-ship, in this harbour, to try Mr. Richard Helm Alvin, acting Aseistant•Eoginur of the second class on board the James Watt, 91, mew, on a charge of dis obedience of orders. Renewed exertions continue to be made at this dockyard in the fitting out of the new fleet for the Baltic; especially of the newly converted 60 gun-serews, whose adaptability i for that ma s so obvious. Most of the departments are 1 working early and late, and some of them all day to day. The Coined Wellington, 131, screw-ship, sail e d for Ply mouth to be docked this afternoon. The Rhadamanthns, paddle-wheel steam store ship, Master Commander John Melons, began to leak on Weds**. day evening, about 6 o'clock, p.m., and about 10 o'clock there were six feet of water in the hold, maths sank in the basin at Woolwich. The boilers she was to take round to Portsmouth for the new B.oyal Victoria and Albert steam yacht, were taken out to examine her thorosghly, when the water was allowed to run into the river from the basin. The dockyard fire-engines soon pumped the water out of the REadamanthus, and every search was made to find a leak, but none could be discovered. On letting in the water into the basin again, she did not make any water; bat, to satisfy the authorities, she was docked end undocked on Saturday, bat there was no defect in any part of her bottom. It is now supposed a stop-cock bad been left open, which caused her to fill with water. The crew were all at work yesterday (Sunday), to get the boilers en board again, as they are required immediately at Portsmouth. SHEERNESS, FRB. 11. 1 During the late north-easterly gales and snow storms, about 150 sail of vessels have run into this harbour for shelter. The following have Met anchors and parts of cables :—The Hebe, of Newcastle, Mitchell, master, anchor and 46 fathoms of chain; the Charlotte, of Sunderland, Johnson, muter, anchor and 27 fathoms of chain ; and the Belsay Castle, of Sunderland, anchor and 70 fathoms of chain. The Charlotte, of Emanate, his again pat back, with several others, all well. DILVONPORT. Fits. 11. . Lettere, dated January 15, have been rece ived at Plymouth from the Vengeance, 84, Caputo Lord Edward Russell. The Cornwallis, GO, screw, Captain G. G. Wellesley, for , 1 the Baltic, was put out of dock on Thursday, and masted immediately, and will be equipped with all possible baste. Sbe received her boilers yesterday. The Dragon, 8, paddle, Captain 3. Wilcox, was docked on Saturday. Her crew will be paid wages on Wednesday next, and granted kale. The Sanspareil, 71, is ordered to this port from the Black Sea, to make good defects, and refit with all possible beats for service in the Baltic. Captain W. J. Williams (1841) has taken up his commission for her, end issued placards for the entry of seamen to complete her complement. The Nankin, 50, Captain Hon. Keith Stewart, fitting at Chatham, may be expected shortly at this port, to receive advance of warn. The Calcutta, 84, Captain J. J. Stopford, is under orders for sea ; destination not known. The Crams steam transport arrived from Portsmouth yesterday. She came alongside the Vietuallinnyard, and embarked a draft from the 34th regiment for service in the Crimea, and sailed again in the evening. The Magieienne was taken into dock at Killion yesterday. The Sprightly, steam tender, Master G. Allen, arrived this morning from Portsmouth. The Camel lighter sailed for Portsmouth. In harbour: Impregnable, Royal William, Nile, Magieienne, Buryallis Rosamond, Bak, Belleisle, Dragon, Thetis (Prus sian), Resistance , Cornwallis, Nautilus, Sylph, Sprightly, Vulture. In the Sound: Calcutta, Einsouth. Transports: Talavera, Rambler, Temendra. The Buryalue, 51, screw, Captain G. Ramsay, having her damages repaired, was put out of dock at Friday, and will be complete about Wednesday next. The screw steam corvette Esk. 20, Captain Thomas T. Birch, from the eastward, bound to the Blank Sea with shot and shell, having defects to make good which could not be completed in the Sound, came into harbour on Thursday, and proceeded to Keyhass, where she was docked yesterday. The Exmouth, 91, screw, Captain Hoes. P. T. Pelham, steamed oat of harbour on Thursday asernhis, sad pro ceeded into the offing on a trial trip to testing and returned to the Sound about 2 pp m. anr:=. She saluted the flag of the comm an der- an passing out of harbour. _ _ _ , 6, peddle, Captain Glass., arrived from Cromarty on Thursday evening, sad cane lato harbour to make good defects. The Conflict, 8, screw, Captain A. Contains, is ordered from from Hull to this port to make good defame. The Cruiser, 17. Commander Hon. Q. Derma', and Bull dog, 6, Captain W. S. Hall, from Leith, will some to this port to make good defects and rat. DUBLIN, Fin. 10. Major-General Gough, C. 8., has arrived here and *stared upon his duties as Deputy Qaarter•Nester-General in Ireland. The following us the officers and men who embarked in her Majesty's ship Cesar at Queenstown en the 7th inst. for Gibraltar :-13th Light Infantry-4 paws (Major B. G. Burbles, Ensigns H. E. Hall, P. B. V. Gilbert, and J. P. Miller), 3 sergeants, and 237 rank and AM. 92nd High landers-4 officers (Brevet Lieut.-Celeatel A. J. Lockhart), Lieutenant C. Parsons, Ensigns H. R. Wallace and the Hon. Arthur Anneeley), 6 sergeants, 6 drammen, and 124 milk and file. On Wedowday 340 reek and Ale of the 48th Regiment arrived in Cork by Ike Dublin train,and embarked at Queens town text day for Cork. They arrived in Dublin on the pre vious evening from Carlisle. Diets of the 3rd Duff' and 72nd Highlanders were convejed on board the Prinoo Arthur on Wedasodey to the Severn transport, lying at Queenstown, in which they proceed to dustiest of war. Fifty commissariat drivers embarked in the came ship. Drafts of the 47th and 69th regiments were expected in Cork yester day. (Friday). The quays at Cork daily present a moat exciting none in the arrival and embarkation of troops for the seat of war. DEVORPORT.—AII the available strength of the dockyard has been placed on ships fitting, direction baring been received to have the whole ready for sea on or before the 3rd of March next. Several fitters, boiler-makers, end labourers have been entered at Keybam during the week. Thirteen candidates (leading men) were examined at the school, on Thursday and Friday, as to their qualifications for inspectors of shipwrights, there being three vacancies at this dockyard. The sailmaken at this dockyard &reordered to work at 7 in the morning, to expedite the manufacture of 1,000 hammocks and 1,000 slings. The Admiralty will receive tenders on the 13th inst. for the conveyance from the :river Thames of 1,000 tans of army provisions to the Crimea, the delivery to be made according to the order of the senior commissariat offi cer at Constantinople, also for the conveyance of 21 tone of light ordnance stores to Corfu. PLYMOUTH, SUNDAY.—A very large number of merchant vessels are lying in the Boun d waiting for a change of wind from the eastward to go up the Clausal. The weather is excessively cold. We have no snow in the immediate neighbourhood, but the hest is severe—the ice plentiful and thick. At the meeting of the Harbour Trustees at White house on Monday a letter was read from Colonel H. Tucker, commanding the Royal Engineers, Newcastle, requesting permission of the trustees to erect a single gun battery on the end of the north and south piers ' for the protection of Whitehaven harbour. On the motion of Mr. Younghusband, it was resolved that every facility be given for the erection of the proposed betteries.—Ceetills Patriot. I Ame reliant in Stoekton bu had the offer from goveroasot of a contrast for 800 toss of load, to be sou versed tots Male ries balls. This weight, it is supposed, willysohoo from forty to fifty 'Whom of bolls.Solliar° amiti _ Tint PiTZIOTIC FUND.—The total sum collected Is the twe adjoinieg ecniatiss of Devon sad easurtst to little sheet of 20,0004 RUT BALL AT THE TUILERIES. The second grand ball for the mason wan given at the Tuileries on Thursday night. AU the enure ment, were on the sure magnificent scale as bad marked the preceding fees. and the whole range of splendid apart ments along the Place des Carrousel were thrown open on the occasion. The pests began to anin about nine o'clock, and in an hoar after the greatest portion of the persona in vited had entered the Palace. At ten o'clock the imperial party made their appearance in the Salle des Manichauz, the Emperor having Queen Maria Christina leaning on hie arm, and the Empress being snorted by Prince 'MIDS. The Princess Madill& and Prism Napoleon followed, with the principal oSeers and ladies of the imperial house holds bringing up the rear. The orchestra, conducted by Strauss, played "Permit pour la Syne," as the Emperor and his party entered. Immediately after a quadrille was formed, in which the Empress darned with Prince Napo leon, their vis-a-vis being the Princess Mathilda and Lord Cowley ; Marsha Maven and M. de Hubner, the Aus trian Minima, being amongst the other persons ad mitted to the quadrille. The Emperor did not dance, but remained conversing with some members of the diplo matie corps. The Empress was dressed with great simpli city in white. and wore a magnificent diamond neck lace, interspersed with large emeralds. The Princess Ma thilde wore pearl., lacleding her famous pearl necklace. supposed to be the finest in existeace. Her imperial high ness also displayed in her hair an ornament that was muck admired, being an eaglet formed efdiamonds of great value The Emperor had on a general'. talkiest, but with silk stockings and thou. It is impartible to amain a spectacle of more gorgeous Illeliiiollooll than this jets displayed as the imperial party went through some of the rooms. The wooderfal display Of diamonds and the rich dresses of the ladies, the decorations and splendid uniforms of the superior oilcan, and the oeelal costumes of the mi. sisters, *suitors, end ambers of the Council of State and Legislative Body, promoted a cowpd'•,ril of dazzling bril liancy. It is supposed that about 4,000 persons were pre sent, and pt.(' ample were the apartments that no vagina sent crowding wan perceptible. Their Majesties proceeded at one o'clock to the Salle de Diane, where supper, con sisting of every delicacy, was laid out; and after partaking of some »freshmen, returned again to the Salle des Marechauz, from which they finally withdrew about two o'clock. Dancing was, however, kept up with groat spirit for an hour lesser, at which time the Jets terminated. SPAIN. We have received a copy of the bill for the sale of the property of the clergy presented to the Cortes by I the Spanish government on the sth. After setting forth the formalities to be observed for the sale, the bill enacts that a three per cent. stock, equal in amount to the sums realised, shall be set apart for the use of the clergy, the communes, and charitable establishments. The advantage of this proceeding to the government appears to be that they will receive a certain amount of cash at once, whereas they will I only have to give the equivalent in rente. The same day, in the Cortes, it was decided, by 182 votes to 32, that the discussion of the bases of the constitution re lative to.the royal sanction should be proceeded to before the others. When the pro'don of the com mittee on the subject was read, an amendment was presented for specifying the cases in which the sanc tion should be exercured, but this amendment was re- I jetted by 138 votes to 82. The Madrid Gazette publishes another series of addresses from the provincial deputation of Alicante, Burgos, Badajos, Ciudad Real, and other places, expressing devotedness to the government It also states that the secretary of the cavil governor of San tander, having heard that the Girlies intended to make a rising at Laredo, had icons to that place at the head of a detachment of the Radom! Guard, but that no insurrection was attempted. The Patrie, of Paris, states that letters from Lou don received in Madrid, announce that the Carlist party has sucoseded in negotiating a loan of 200 millions of francs, of which 10 per cent. has already been paid up. This news (the Patris adds) seems highly improbable, on account of the large sum named. M. Brotaembridge, a mambo; of Coogreas, aae oeede M. Soule u American minister at Madrid. ARRIVAL OF THE TAO US WITH AUSTRALIAN GOLD. -.•--- The Peninsula and Oriental Company's steamer Tagus, Captain Joy, Admiralty agent Lieut. Form, KN., arrived at Southampton on Saturday. Her dates were Alexandria, January 23; Malts, 27, and Gibraltar, Feb. 2. She brought thirty-eight passengers, and her cargo winastod of forty-three boxes of specie and Australian gold•dust, valued at above 150,0001. sterling, 120 boxes of oranges, 840 bales of silk, 70 packages of elephants' tusks. She brought also the heavy portiow of the India, Chins, Mediterranean, and Australian mail, consisting of 271 boxes and eight bags, and weighing about ten tons. This is the last overland Australian mail that will be received, for the present at least, in this country. The Tagus experienced most frightful weather. From Alexandria to Gibraltar she met with strong winds, and from Gibraltar to England a continuation of heavy gales ahead, with much sea. The wind was from the north and east. Captain Joy had to be continually on deck the whole of the voyage. He is much used to the Mediterranean, and he states that the winter there is unusually severe; the tops of the mountains on the African coast were covered with mow. When the Tagus left Malta, her Majesty'sateam frigate Spiteful, was preparing to leave the harbour the neat day for the Crimea, to convey Admiral Stewart, who is appointed second in command of the Black Sea Jest, Sir George Brown, and several °Mears of the army and navy discharged from the hospitals convalescent, to the seat of war. At Gibraltar, a French steamer and tug, assisted by 400 soldiers, were trying to get off her Majesty's ship Heels, ashore on the south aide of the rock. They had managed to move her only ten feet. It was blowing very hard at the time. On the 27th ult. passed her Majesty's ships Ceylon, Bellerophon, Spiteful, Cyclops, Sheerwater, sad the steam transport Hydaspes, with 1,100 French troops on board. On the 29th ult. the Tagus passed • screw tranaport, No. 171, and a French ship of the line and frigate, all steering SE. On the Bth February she exchanged Mouse with ship transport, No. 32, standing to N.H. At Gibraltar, on the 2nd inst., there were the transports Rajah and Ennin Killen, bound for Malta ; a large number of transports called at Gibraltar almost daily. SPEECH BY EARL CARDIGAN AT NORTH- AMPTON. The Northampton Herald has an account of a triumphal entry made into that town on Monday by the Earl of Cardigan, and a report also of the noble earl's speech in reply to an address presented to him by the oorporation. The epoch was of a similar character to that delivered at the Mansion House. Alluding to a passage in the address in which he was congratulated um his return to England, he said, "No doubt it is most agreeable to mix with one's relatives and friends in the country, and with one's neighbours in the county, bat at the same time, what. ever pleasure I may derive from it, I mast my that, had it not been for circumstances, arising partly from ill-health, over which I had no control, I should not have deemed it my duty to leave the seat of war at this time, although, perhaps, my remaining there would have been almost nukes, for I had nothing left to command. (Hear, hear.) I still think that, unless some such routes as I am about to assign can be urged—incapacity arising fres ill-health amongst the number.--every general Mau is bound to remain with the army as long u there is IS SIM SlDONlMllilad—(eheen)—and I am prepared to say farther, that if my services are again required, they shall be perfectly available. (Loud cheering.) In the meantime I have been promoted to a situation—lnspeetor•G 1 of Cavalry—in which I hope to be able to render consider able service to the army by repairing the losses and re elerting the dilapitated condition of the cavalry—being, %short, entrusted with the preparation of all cavalry re mits for the army." (Cheers.) Respecting the fatal "order" he remarked "though I do not pretend to more sentimentality than other men, it seemed to me at the time, and still seems, that the loss was no certain and serious, and the advantage to be gained by the attack so slight, as to make it matter of deep regret that the order was given. (Rear, hear.) I received the order, however, to attack, and although I should not have thought of making such an attack without orders, and although I differed in opinion as to the propriety of the order, I promptly obeyed (Load cheering.) UNIVERSITY Or CAMBRIDGE, FEB. 10.—MORAL SONIC= Tatios.=lliddle Bachelors, First Class: Shield, ; Cornell, Qin ; Droop, Trinity. Second Clam: Deighton, Queens. Commencing Bachelors, lint Class : Braithwaite, Clue; Barry, Trial', ; Pearson, Pembroke ; Bayley, Trinity. MIDDLEaRX ABSEISMINT.—The report of a com mittee appointed to eensider the proposed new county assessment, by which that Tate would be increased, is Mar , rylelose parish alone, tram 987,601. to 1 , 015 . 0 0 0 Le wts brought up and read at the Marylsbons entry on &Swamp The committee, in admitting that it might be expedient to raise the county rate, is eterequese• of the large kerns* et new buildings is the ementy, denied that there was say necessity for Lansing; the police-rate, which it would be by the sew amemment of upwards of 20,0001. musually ; sad, tberelbee, they wed the meeting to memorialise the Boom fiesernsay M intenines a bill into parliament row (Wag the threellimed vievente. The report was adopted. bUICIDL—Os Salida morning considerable mew sides was meats' la the -betwlteed etonisee the sttsad, la et a gesseal sweet eat sa bed air e' reTt i ar.le deissmieed Weide at Ift Mend /Wades Gallery, as, Illered. The obsessed. Oblates Perater. had boss saving at 011ver's sad wan te the levy kr the seemed ra , et et the He. however, la a suet lambed mom blew (sl i t H e , with a pliteL Es pat thumbs lbe bond behind the diht ser, sad this had It ea The septet hew 'eve• rel psessas te the epee, sad *5 deemed wee dimmed with Ms lead theas la a maw,. The body wee ineeved Ohielea.ereas TER CONDUCT OF THE WAR.-PUBLIC =ET MG AT DERBY. -...._ DERBY, Santana:. A very tamirded meting, attended principally by working sat, was held last night in the Town-hall, "to take tato easelderattoe the peesest deplorable and wretched undid= of oar army is the Crimea, to einem the cause thereof, and to &itemise each mesas as to the meeting may seem good to avert the dengue besetting us." Mr. Camellia ETOIII4 prodded, and in opening the business of the meeting he said he felt pained in having to meet them upon etch as occasion. (Hear.) Ho thought the powers that be, and those who attempt to govern this country, ought to have saved them from the necessity of tolling the meeting. About a year ego they assembled to *meths undertaking of a war against Russia, and he knew at the time that the result would be bad trade, bad debts, heavy taxation, sad other calamities; bat they thought the war necessary, and they mails the sacrifice. He believed the Czar intended the subjugation of Europe, and sumer than withdraw from the contest without clipping the claws of the Russian bear he would spend his last @billing, and shed his last drop of blood. What then should be the result of the meeting ? Pint of all he would advise the Queen to enlarge the circle from which her ministers are chosen. (Cheers.) At present it was only the leading families who were considered eligible for office. He did not see why a man like the Bight Hon. Edward Strait should sot be called to office. Then, again, they had been hunting about for a War Minister. Why not have Gene. ral Bir De Lacy Emu ? (Loud cheers.) They mast also tell the present and tattoo ministers that they don't want so many squabbles amongst themselves for place—(hear)— bat that they should tent their atteation to what they could do for the good of the country. If they did that they would be supported by the country. At the last meeting in that hall they had strong suspicion of Lard Aberdeen; that suspicion was well founded, for he hail proved himself to be lukewarm and entirely incompetent. He' hoped the country would demand an investigation into the matter, and bring to punishment thoee who have so shame fully maltreated our men in the Crimea. The sound point which suggested itself to hint was, that the army should no longer be made • plaything for the aristocracy ; but that, as in France, the humblest soldier should have an opportu nity of holed elevated to the office of commander-in-thief. The third point was, that succour should be sent immedi ately ; that the war should bee vigorously prosecuted, so that Sebastopol might he taken and the power of Russia shacked in the Black Sc.. (Cheers.) Mr. Councillor Barns moved the following resolution ; " That this meeting—having learnt with deep affliction and great indignation of the grievous calamities and woeful lose of life which have beetles our brave troops before Sebasto pol—has observed with sincere satisfaction the neolutien of the House of Commons to inquire into the state of our army ; and this meeting demands that that inquiry shall be both comprehensive in its character and searching is detail to the end that thee, shameful evils may be averted for the future ;" and in doing en, adverted to the unanimity which prevailed at the eveniag of the war, to the humiliated position in which England now was, and to the fault sot resting with the people, who were as willing as ever Ito contribute their money and their energies. Our government had been guilty of the greatest neglect, whilst our army had shown the greatest endurance. He could not tell which to admire most, the courage of the men, who had willingly faced an army tau times IA numerous, or those who had died in the trenches of starvation. The whole of the matter ;came to this—there was something in the system which required immediate change. Mr. Htann seconded the resolution, also urging the ne cessity of a change in the army gement,. He trusted the proposed inquiry would be a most searching one, and not askant. Mr. WM. PLUM/480N moved the second resolution, de claring "That this meeting believing it is imperative im mediately, thoroughly, and completely to re.organise the departments of the army, and to make great alterations in the present mode of distributing her Majesty's commissions, will regard no reform as satisfactory which does not conso lidate and subordinate under one ruling head the depart meats new separately controlled, and which does sot abo lish the system of selling promotion, and abrogate et once and for ever the false and vicious etitjuette which forbidr the reek-1 of any deed., however heron , in the despatches of the Commander-in-Chief, if performed by a non-com missioned Wither or private soldier." Mr. LLZWILLYN JEWITT wounded the resolution, which was carried. Upon the motion of the ROT. W. GIITTITII a TH3llglOO was carried declaring the war in which this country is engaged with Russia to be both Just and necessary, and calling upon the government to prosecute the war vigour °ugly with the utmost power of the country—to which end the meeting demanded the prompt dismissal of men of an obsolete age, and obsolete practice, and the substitution of those men whom genius and mechanical science have added au largely to our power and omasnereial gmataem. Mr. R. 8. Dodawell moved, Mr. Horsley seconded, and Jonah Lewis, a magistrate, supported the adoption of a petition to parliament embodying the sentiments of the resolution.. The petition was adopted unanimously, and the meeting terminated with a vote of thanks to the chair men. MR. BRIGHT'S LAST SPEECH. (Pros the Weekly Dispatch.) The Manchester Chamber of Commerce cannot I assemble for its annual business without Mr. Bright's seis ing upon the opportunity to depress the national spirit, and help the Cur to impose his conditions of disgrace sad depo sition upon the nation. If Mr. Bright, as a mere matter of trade concern, only expreued his notions to a trade audi ence, the mischief would be null ; but in the absence of occasions for reporting the real sentiments of the people, for sounding the clarion-note of its courage, for pouring out the depth and strength of its 'isolation, this candle-end end cheese-paring philosophy usurps the place of the com monwealth's will and its noble policy in our journals. The speaker hopes and intends that it should do so. Mr. Bright enters into calculations of our losses by the war—in the price of food, in the withdrawal of capital from industry, He makes the loss amount to 60 millions annually. With his usual love of sophistry, he mires the concerns :of oar ordinary taxation with the main question, and shows, to his own morbid satisfaction, that such tan tioa doubles the productive profit of the cotton trade. That must pass for what it is worth. It is a peace, not a war consideration. Who upsets that we are not suffering by wart We are not ewers, though he assumes to be, of any "public writers" that have attempted to show "insanely or dishonestly" that "trade is not suffering at all " by our war polity. Such an assertion would be as false as his own, that "all the sources of our prosperity are dried up by the impoverishment of our people." While we send many goer beet and bravest, the man of heroic mind as well as mould, to die and to endure far more than death for a great and holy, because a necessary cause, we are not base enough to expect that we at home are to some out of the struggle in fat and wealth, in jollity and good luck. This is not our way of trading with human life. It might content the Quaker friends of peace, whose Mora vian brethren the Czar is hanging by the 300 for not fighting, that an army lost is the Crimea should keep all loss upon cotton from Manchester; but England claims, as far as the ossamenwoalth's organisation will admit, to suffer with the Omens of her resistance to despotism. The entire nation Is enduring war end will endure it, to ward off Intolerable enslavement. Mr. Bright may prove that, had we been at peace with Russia, we should have had cheaper bread. No doubt of it; and in a quarter of a, century our children's bread and all else would have been at the mercy of Russia. We are not arguing on matters of enlightened patriotism, of brave devotion for the make ell our native land and of posterity, with Mr. Bright. We should se soon think of reasoning on the merits of a sonata of Beethoven's with an oyster. He would reply like the cherub invited by Noah to take a east, who observed that he had nothing to sit down with. But it is our duty to protest, in the country and to all who note its acts, that Great Britain Is not grudging the expense of the war or calculating it with Manchester cotton-heartednees, or cotton-headednees. We should no doubt have suffered dreadfully had the harvest 1864 been as shon as that of 1853. Dia tallier vision. God's providence does something in the world. Its calculatioos go beyond those of the cotton market. And 'Then Mr. Bright cheers the court of St. Petersburg with the assertion that, if the Russian "8,000,000 quarters of corn are to be, by the effects of our foreign policy, kept out of this country, before two years are over you will shoot your own fellow citizens in your own streets," he impiously puts o u t o f sight not only the constantly and wonderfully increasing =on of this country, but the rational hope of fuller in America, which has itself been visited this Saar im e g rith unusual scarcity, and the excellent thanes of the Turkish and Austrian and Wsllacbian corn piths as the Danube from all that impedes the trans- WEISS et their food to us. At the very worst, " what Meet be eschewed must be embraced," and the last dlimutive we shall accept is that of truckling to Muscovite View. It would be rendering Mr. Bright of too much tgrieto call his attempts treasonable. They are only nfly-ish. The magazine of a few rusty pike-heads and tin potllds may well represent hie Intellectual accuracy. His appeals are only to the basest fears, and the most sordid instincts. The very chartism that might have echoed him has risen above his scope of argument. The lowest instincts of the mob are nobler, truer, and wiser than his Mephisto. Oils= suggestions. But let us show all possible doubters that this is a. Let the noble character which ear alli es attribute to us be asserted. Let us net defraud ourselves of the luxury sad the glory of our eseelliess when we must encounter their eget. Let us, at leath_npel en Imputations of cowardice. Let us mesa and, sane we 'mkt upon go sentimental vicr and bassi% Mien as gel•rnillifte by ea sestheass we are deloolosi M smith both. And so Ist roma t Wow tale le Mbielso lbw the reports of his Illiasiabstaar Mungebthe4 with his Crimean m eaty" by MMus mess art desk W essevsn aims el pewee Ws Nth, wee. DRAMA. HATIATERT. On Saturday evening Guy Manuring was prO darted at this theatre. Mies Cushman appeared foe the first time, daring her present engagement, as Meg Merrilies. Any attempt to particularise tea merits of a performance so familiar te the public would be superfluous ; the cha racter is sae that Miss Cushruaa bat made entirely her own; and she showed that else has lost none of that energy and passion which distinguished her assumption of this part. Of the other performers we need only mention Mr. Compton, as Dominic Sampson; Mr. Rogers as Medi' Diorama ; and Mrs. Caroline White, as Julia Man airing. A Mr. George Tedder made his first appanace at this theatre, as Henry Bertram. He has a good voice, which he displayed to some advantage in the music allotted to him ; but he did not exhibit any power as an actor to call for special remark. The scenery was very effeetive, particularly the gipsfencampment in the second act. The performance concluded with the pantomime of Lail* Bo- Peep. The house was crowded in every part. Miss Cush man was called before the curtain at the conclusion of the play, and received a most enthusiastic reception. ROYAL INSTITUTION. At the evening meeting at the Royal Institution lon Friday, Professor Owen delivered a lecture "on the orange land chimpanzees, and their structural relations to man. ' Hassid that his immediate object was to show, by a com parative examination of the osteology of the orang outing, the chimpanzee, and of man, that the assumed transmuta tion of monkeys into men lity gradual development is alto- gether opposed to the facts which a careful consideration of the subject presents. The popular and able manner in which the notion of transmutation had been supported in the "Vestiges of Creation," had given great extension to that opinion, which was rnot, however, new, but had been expressed two centuries ago, in a work by Henry Moore, which pa ssed greater scientific merit then most of those that now profess to enlighten the world on matten of science. Professor Owen said, that ti.e authors of that day appeared to address a higher clue of readers than the po pular writers of the present time, and be intimated his opinion that, with all our boasted enlighten ment, we have not advanced intellectually beyond the age of Moore. It was said, indeed, in disparagement of their judgment, that they believed in witches ; but have not we ear ►elievers in clairvoyance ; and if it be thought folly to suppose that a long cylindrical piece of wood, when stridden across by certain old women, could rise in the' air, was it less opposed to reason to conceive that a fiat circular piece of wood, when touched with the fingers, could be moved about without any effort, and rise in the air ? Having thus ridiculed the superficial scientific knowledge which induces persons to suppose themselves wiser than their forefathers, and to take up any notion, however erroneous, without sufficient investigation, it it be only supported by specious arguments, Professor Owen proceeded to point out the dis tinguishing differences in the skeletons of the orang outang and the chimp , of which there were full sized drawings exhibited. He dwelt particularly on those parts which could not be changed by muscular action, and, among others, pointed to the projection of a bone over the eye in the chimpanzee, which is peculiar to that animal- He said that all the specimens of the orang and of the chimpanzee which had arrived is this country were quite young, and that they bad not shed their first teeth. On comparing the bones of the head of those young animals with the adult skeleton, a remarkable difference was observed, the human-looking skull of the young being rendered much more brutal by the development of the lower jaw with the second set of teeth, which diminished the facial angle to 28 degrees. The osteology of the orang and of the chimpanzee proved that they could not maintain an erect position. The shortness and comparative feebleness of the r bind legs, the curvature of the spine, the point at which the vertebrae of the neck were inserted into the skull, and the formation of the felt, all indicate that it would be impossible for suck an animal to maintain itself erect without painful effort. The large projecting processes at the back of the bones of the neck, for the attachment of muscles to bold up the head, form one of the marked differences between the skeleton both of the orang and of the chimpanzee, as compared with man. The skeleton of man eabibits difference* from those of the lower animals that approach n t to him in form quite sufficient to show that it would be impossible by any change or development to make them assimilate. This difference in structure is apparent in every part, from the formation of the great toe to that of the cranium. The great toe, combined with the bones of the foot, is admirably adapted to give the means of standing erect. The longer length of the bones of the legs, the shortness of the arms, the peculiar waving form of the spine, and the balanced position of the skull, are all adapted to an erect position, and such points tf difference could not be produced by muscular action or gradual development. The larger capacity of the brain case in man is also a characteristic difference that is not gradual. The facial angle of the full-grown chimpanzee never exceeds 30 degree', whilst the facial angle of the lowest tribes of mankind is not less than 70 degrees. In the formation of the teeth and of the lower jaw also, Professor Owea said there are such distinctive differences that it is impossible to conceive that one could be transmuted into the other by any change of circumstances. He pointed out several other structural differences, and contended that though the hypothesis of development may receive countenance from superficial of tion, it cannot for a moment stand the test of mien- tific investigation. Among the objeeta of interest on the library tables were several skeletons of monkeys, contributed by Mr. liighley, to illustrate the lecture. ROYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF ENGLAND. The general meeting of this society was held at the society's house, Hanover-square, on Saturday; Mr. MILES, M.P., president, in the chair. Mr. RAYMOND BARKER, chairman of the Seance com mittee, reported the current cash balance in the hands of the bankers, at the end of the previous month, as 3,8181. He informed the council that this balance included a sub scription of 1,400!. from the authorities of Carlisle, towards the expenses of the ensuing country meeting of the society, to be held in that city. He laid on the table, for the in formation of the memben, the various quarterly statements of account connected with the different financial departments of the society. Colonel Cfin.Loszn, chairman of the implement commit tee, submitted the report of the committee, which contained among others the following recommendations:—That the deep ploo ghin g should be required at a depth of 9 instead°, 10 inches, That the prise for the bi st reaper should be raised from 201. to 301.; and that an additional price of 20/. should be offered for the second best reaper. That the horsepower for the fixed steam-engines should be reduced from ten to eight horse-power. That in adjudicating on the award of the prise of 2001. at the Carlisle meeting for the " steam cultivator that shall in the most efficient manner turn the soil, and he an economical substitute for the plough or the spade," the attention of the judges be particularly called to the terms in which this prise is offered. That in adjudicat ing on the award of the prises for reapers, the attention of the judges be particularly called to the best mode of de livery. That in the cue of the thrashing machines, the greatest attention be paid by the judges to the state of the barley after it bas been thrashed (as to injury more or less, or otherwise, of the grain, after such operation). This report was adopted. Hr. MILWLIID, chairman of the General Carlisle Com mittee, submitted the report of that committee, which, among other things, recommended the acceptance, with thence, of the following special prizes, to be competed for at the Culisle meeting under the general regulations of the society :—From the Carlisle local committee, 751. for Cheviot sheep, and 801. for horses; from George Head Head, Esq., 1001. for Galloway csttle ; from Robert Ferguson, Esq., mayor of Carlisle, two pieces of plate, one of them value 401., for the beat thorough-bred stallion, and another of the value of 30/., for the best coaching stallion. This report was also adopted. Important communication from the Earl of Clarendon, Oa the discovery of supplies of guano, were referred to the consideration of the president. The annual report of the Royal Veterinary College was referred, with various other papers, to the weekly meet ings of the council, at which all members of the society have the privilege of being present. The meeting then adjourned. DIVIDENDS ON PRO) document has been recently Chancellor, on the subject certain sto cks belonging to -- Court of Chancery, which discloses fact that in no less than between ' of the parties now entitled tr either through ignorance of the , to interfere in Chancery law, same for the loos period of fifteen heeded as follows The T pail amities to be Finn of and meant@ in which it appears certain semis standing to the me be made respect tats, ma rim ba* . ll l n n tl as illl y r; beti nt ea boe w n b d k4 may sods dividends, the fact of such period having elapsed t any dealing therewith must be stated on the face of Ms petition." Here follows a closely printed list of the Moss in question, amounting in number to upwards°, 550. )PERTY IN CIIANCE4-s t il r published, by orderafft of unclaimed divial i indk estates now in litigatttorr discloses the somewllt • ttween 500 and 600.eyi so led to receive die • - their claims or • dicta • . 1 ' L io . w, not toads any Our s fifteen years. The • t I Lord Chancello .* 7_7-7 the following causes, ysi`N, peen that the dividends • credit of such causes, mat- been dealt with for upwards of in which say be made respect- w IN