The Express. — London, England, 1850-06-17 00:00:00

the erpreoo. I, OUTGOING MAILS. Tin neas in Gibraltar, Yalta, Green, the lonian Ems,* 11 17 PI, 002 Ma. l.y, mad obis.. via swithasr.e., wW be each wS as We niniscal 3 . tiae 20. TI. mile 4fe Milk nom Meade' and the Oohed Melee will la nub up MI the evenWe el Jaye 21. The min be tba Manainuessa, lay" Crylea. Iltrapleap. fn., will be mode up ea the amt Ohne 24. The mane he labia, Span, end Gibraltar will be made up ea Jima 27. The Wen Wit Kink imploding Bermuda. liaveastah, awns, /Innderee, Now Orissa., end Weekend melodies Own kr Madeira, St. Jua.a.le-Nieuerta, new Oreeadn, • mad Peru, will be made up ea the analog el July 2. TM mite tee Idaderia, the Brasile. wad Ihelan Ayres, will be men up es the seising oriel, 4. MOW WI.TEM AT LONDON Palma To Dal -111oneve. Tt 71 a Warren.. I. le 11•••••••-14 1 eiat. 11, re , Ahallere. ea. I.7ar. LONDON, MONDAT, JUNE 17. STALL • man be at liberty to marry his demised wife's sister ? Or if he do so in England, may it be done in Ireland ? Shall all the mails, and their in telligence of weal and woe, which arrive from all parts of the world to little England, be frozen up of a Sunday, lest their transport should divert some hun dred clerks arid mail-guards from the regular hour of devotion? Shall young children in factories be al lowed to work six hours, or shall they be cashiered altogether, because the legislature will not let them work more than four-and-a-half, and this because the said grave legislature is afraid that the said little girls will have no one to go home with of an evening ? These, with long speeches in both houses on Chancery reform, that oo one listened to, because no one believed in, employed the collective wisdom of parlia ment for a whole week in the middle of June. The greatest and most vital questions respecting the government and reverme of the country are ad journed from year to year, or neglected altogether, because there is not time for entertaining or =sus sing them. And here we have a week's parliament weeded on questions of a purely social or moral nature, beneath the power and beyond the wisdom of legis lation to provide for. Shall a man marry his deceased wife's sister? The prohibition is argued, not from any express religions or moral law, bie because it is said, that this prohl nition will maintain within the bounds of purer sentimentalism the relation between brother and sister-in•lew. Such an aim may be very desirable. But how are the superfluities of sentimental perfec tion to be preserved by legislation, a legislation, too, which, in attempting to promote refined virtue, forces many into positive crime, and thus by enforcing a rule, which is at best of very doubtful cogency or right, transforms into public and social tranegrtssors the many whose conscience allows them, nay, em boldens them, to defy the law. The postal ques ion, and the manner in which it boa been treated, is another terrible slur upon the wisdom, the honesty, and sincerity of parliament That body shows evident symptoms of consciousness that it is drawirg to a close. To gratify constituents, or not to offend any important portion of them, is therefore the leading motive at present of votes, or of abstinence from votes. And although, if a motion were made affecting the material interests of that class, of which members of parliament consist, these men would instantly find courage to °pions it, and even brave their humble constituents by the opposition; nevertheless, on questions that are merely moral, or social, or religion, members do not see the wisdom or necessity of thwarting or going against the active and strong will of their consti tuents. Thus it happens, that the duty of resisting what is ex-ravagant in the zeal for Sunday rest, is by the crowd of members of parliament left to minis ters, and by ministers in torn left humorously to members of parliament. Lord JOHN RUSSELL is a popular member, as well as a minister. He thinks he has done sufficient for liberal ideas in jeopardising his character for religious seal by eupporting the Jews, and deem., with justice, that if merchants in Liverpool or elsewhere wish to have their letters forwarded, so that they may receive them on a Monday, it ts for those merchants, and not for him, to come forward against the stopping of the mails. The other subject on which parliamentary wisdom has been exerted was the regulation of labour in fac tories. This question, like the other, has, what is called, made progress. Formerly it was alleged that no legislation on this subject was to affect adult labour. Now it is admitted that the chief ob ject of the bill is to affect adult labour. The principle, the very great principle, that parliament can and will, and that it is desirable that it should, limit the daily hours of man's labour by statute, has been established and is admitted. Not only has this progress been made since the introduc tion of laws of this kind; but even since the com mencement of the session a stride has been made in another sense. The aim and the promise was then that legislation should be final, and that it was requisite to settle the question. Now, the Tames itself admits that far from being . a settled question, it is one to be re-opeced next session, and it might add, for every succeseive session as long as labour and spinning shall endure. The entire of this legislation, restricting the time during which machinery shall be used, and the capital vested in it be rendered profitable, proceeds avowedly on this opinion, that the productions and pro fi ts of the oaten teed; can bear it. The convincing argu ment is, See, we have restricted the hours of labour, and workmen are the better of it, whilst mutate have not stopped their necessarily lucrative works. On this, and on this alone, a ten hours at an eleven hours bill reposes. But who does not see, that the returns, and profits, and prosperity of the owners of factories, and of money vested in them may change; and with that change must come also a re-consideration of these laws? The present legislation is bend, wear. told, on GO per cent. of the operatives being for ten hours' labour, 25 per cent, for twelvehours, and 12 per cent, for eleven hours. Thu 40 cent . r ai cent. are at present mulcted of earnings. B u t a in the markets and is the supply of labour may bring results, which will change the minority of 40 Rer cent in favour of longer hours Into a majority of 70 or 80 for the same. By its own endue% principle, and argument, the legislature is henceforward bound to consult and follow the in terests and opinions of the operatives. Now, parlia ment will be able to do this. It will have neither the time nor the means of judging. And the mid of what the House of Commons ha, commenced will, in all probability, be an operative parliament, or at least a council, charged with regulating the in terests of workmen, similar in some degree to that Ilitabliged by M. Louts BLANC in the Luxem bourg. We have no doubt that it is pre cisely with a view to prevent this that Lord ABEL= and Mr. DISRAELI urge parliament in a cer tain path. But, in reality and effect, these statesmen will find tba., by having led and accustomed for a number of years and seniors a large proportion of the labouring class of the cauntry to look to parlia ment for the regulation of the hours of work, and consequently of their wages, as well as of their rela tion to the capital and capitalist that employs them, they have irrevocably instituted, opened out, and established a system which cannot be done away with, and cannot be stopped in its progress. Oar orators and statesmen are very apt to plume themselves on the assertion, that the war of labour against capital, so fearful in its results on the continent, is %tallow° to this country. This is a huge . mistake. The war is as flagrant here as ever it was in Paris ; and buries, even more than whip, are fanning the flame. It is, however, not a state of things that we should deprecate. TIIAT which may be called the first set of the I Great Industrial Exhibition has been accomplished. The committee appointed to arrange for the b have decided on their plans and are now in co il an di e l receiving tenders for theirerection. This responsible task was confided to a mensittes consisting of six members, including Mr. EMMY, Sir lons Buz- OOTNE, and Mr. Custrr. The committee asked the public for " suggestions," and promised upon receiv ing them to publish &report. This promised has now been made, and we avail ourse l v e s = opportunity to give a synepsis of its cont e nts. The committee, it appear,, received no less than 245 different plans. Thirty-eight of these were sent in by foreighers. The committee held twelve or fifteen sittings to consider these designs. Ultimately they selected from them seventy plans which they cam bia entitled "to honourable menace." US these melody no lees than thirty were designs of foreigner& ?row among the seventy the committee again selected eighteen, which they reported entitled "to honorary distinction on seeouct of *sit distinguished malt" Of these eighteen. one was from %Mils, four fees Reading. wid one from London. The remainder were all the designs of foreign architects. The committee then proceeded still 'nether to reduce the list, and they ultimately *pleated two as “ worthy of particular attention, as evioaing the most daring and ingenious disposition ar.d construetion" Three two designs were (1) from Mon& liacroa HOZZAII, of Paris, and (2) from Messrs. RICHARD and THOMAS TOPMSS, of The committee report of the mime designs rah mitted to them, that oar sontiaantal neighbours have distinguished themselves by compositions of " the utmost taste and learning, exhibiting features of pan dear, of arrangement, and of grace." Of the plans of our own countrymen they my, "their practical cha- racier, as might have beim iipeeted, has been re markibly illustrated in Isms very striking and simple methods suited to the temporary pur poses of the building, and paying due attention to the ppeeceuuniary means allotted to this part of the e " In another class of design the authors have viewed with enthusiasm the great 00061400 and object of the proposed exhibition and have waived all cousideratioes of expense. They have indulged their imaginations and employed the re sources of their genius and learning in the composi tion of arraneements which present the utmost gram- deur and beauty of architecture suited to a p rmanent palace of science and art. These, as addressed to the architectural student, are of the highest value, and, though their expense has placed them beyond reach, they cannot fail to inspire andelevats the treatment of ' the reality." With regard, however, to that " reality," the com mittee, it seems, hive not found it in any of the numerous pans which engaged their attention. After acknowledging the assistance they derised from many oftheprojects, 'he committee state that they" never theless arrived unanimously at the conclusion that there was no single design so accordant with the pecu liar objects in view, either in the principle or detail of its arrangement, as to warrant them in recommending it for adoption." The committee have accordingly prepared a plan of their own. The building they g=s- will fill the entire space of ground between row and the carriage drive in Hyde-park, which runs parallel with the road to Kensing ton. It will be no lass than 2,300 feet long, and upwards of 400 feet in breadth, and the roofed area will monist of asmach as 900,000 square feet. The principal feature of the building will be a vast central hall surmounted by a dome, the diameter of which will be no less than 200 feet. This dome will consequently be nearly double the diameter of that of S. Paul's, which is only 112 feet. The Height of the central hall from the floor to the summit of the dome will be about 160 feet. Its shape will be a plygon of sixteen sides, andit is proposed to light it in the day time from the summit and centre of the dome. The main object of tots dome is stated by the committee to be "to form a striking feature to exemplify the present state of the science of con rruction." The building itself will be of briac, except the dome, which is to be construc'ed of light sheet iron. Same attempt is to be made to ornament the exter nal face of the building by using bricks of different varieties of colours. There will be four entrances, the principal being that towards the south imme diately in front of Prince's Gate. The north en trance, whick will front Rotten-row, will nearly cor respond with this ; and there will also be handsome entrances at the east and west ends. To afford still greater facilities for exit, there will be 23 corres ponding doorways situate at equal distances from each other at the sides and ends of the building. The door of entrance at Prince's Gate will lead at once into the Great Hall. This edifice is to be devoted to sculpture and the plastic arts. A corridor, 50 feet in breadth, will run out of it the entire length of the building. The entire space to the west of the hall will be devoted to manwactures. The uoif wmity of its arrangement will be varied by the for mation of ornamental gardens under the clumps of trees, which it is. intended to preserve, as far as possible, and among which refreshments are to be provided for those who choose to pay for them. At the eastern part of the budding there will be a large central court of the same kind. One half of this part of the building will be appropriated to the exhibition of raw materials, and the other will be devoted to machines, numbers of venial will be kept in motion by a steam-engine which is to be provided. We must not omit to mention that a space adjacent to the (treat Hall is to be appropriated to agricultural implements, and a corresponding space to another refreshment court overshadowed by the park trees. The principal points the committee have endea voured to attain in this plan, are, they say, first, economy of construction; second, facilities toe the reception, claseificatton and display of goods ; third facilities for the circulation of visitors ; fourth, ar rangements for grand points of view ; fifth, centrali sation of supervision; and, sixth, some striking feature to exemplify the present state of the science of construction in this country. The " grand dome" seems designed to supply the last de sideratum, bat it may be very much questioned whether it will not greatly militate against the first. The committee, foreseeing this objection, observe that " a considerable amount of the differ ence between the cost of this construction and a simple arrangement may be recovered, should the building be hereafter converted to other purposes, which is more than probable." But here the com mittee obviously place themselves in collision with a largo number of those whose designs they have re jected, after reporting upon them as " compositions of the utmost taste and learning,—worthy of enduring execution." If a part of the building is to be con 'trusted with a view to a permanent erection, those whose dodges are so " worthy of enduring execution° have came to complain that the committee have taken the best points of their various projects to make rep one great which they present to the pub lic as their own. With respect, however, to the cost of building, there is nothing to guide us in the report of the com mittee. Tenders have been invited for the execution of the works, in accordance with the drawings and specifications of the committee, and they are also invited with "suggestions and modifications, ac companied by estimates of costs, as may pos sibly become the means of effecting a considerable reduction on the general expense." Con tractors are also required to tender on two systems— one involving a resumption of the property after the termination of the exhibition ; the other proceeding on the assumption that the royal commission will take the risk of disposal on themselves. The whole building is required Who bailt, finished, and delivered up to theeomnaittee by the Ist of January, 1831. The builders, therefore, have by no mans too much time before them. EirIIBMON Op 1861.—W0 are lead to her that the directors of the Brill& Institution at their last meeting voted the sum of 1001. to the funds now raising towards carrying into effect the gloat Behilution of Industry. The corporation of Plymouth leave alto voted the stun of sot , to which the Chamber of Commerce of that lowa hay, added a further ma of 101. THE PRINTERS' AMATEUR DRAMATIC SOCIETY Awn Tall Exszarrion or 1861.-0 a Saturday a meeting of priatera was held at the Whit* Hart Tavern, Catherine street, (bread, for the pimp?, of establishing the " Printers' ameasur Dramatic Bonet , the object of which is to afford, lien time to tame, aid hem the funds raised by mramer dramatis sad sawsisal performeases to the benevo lent mil charitable lastintions onanoctod with the print*, Mai% no manse beldam having been disposal of sad 110 snows of the satiety sleeted, it was resolved that a pro made Kr. Tallest, viz., that **society should be br a t rienames, proem& of which should tweestriba. te fame etas ludastrial Exhibition of 1861, shawkl *married ions *Seek sad the committee were in alreeled r take the umessary stone for etties up the per hennees is ths cesne of the swan math. OLDHAM PREIROLD LAND SOCIETY.—A meeting of this society took plate la the Working Man's BA as graseay evening, the 10th fast., for the purpose of smialvlag seleerlotina, enroll's, Reuben, and, as was samseesd et the formation of the society, balloting for priority of new bonkip. P. Saville Req., of Leen, occupied the dank. There were ea this ;emits about 86 new shares taken up ; sad the chairman said that a rcane would sew-' • be made for momlap to be Midas at Shaw, Mouley, awl oast pima. Thu business soutiattod till a let s hour, but th e utmost pool holies primal/ad. A similar meeting, ea a mom wooded seal* vraa bold is the populous mod at Wats/head Mill, oa Wedasoday evening, whoa neabalimm,l with tbe view of extending the operations of the solvommis, were adoptad, &ha mass Wag ably advocated by Ur. Pnatioe. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JUNE 17, 1850. PARIS, tairtranie I learn hens a good source the fellowing per dealers se to the pressed stage of the nagetiaboee en the Greek question. There were three points to be settled : the affair of the Phantom, the indemnity doe to Paeilloo for h'■ Portuguese bonds, and the shims which the Greeks might bring forward for weals ee!sed by Admiral Parker. The first twopoints have bent settled. The French government armee to re gard as an accomplishing fact the apology for the in sult offered to the British seamen penned by M. Inndos to Mr. Wyse. Oa the second point England consents to let the convention of London role. The only question upon which any difference still exists is that of indemnities to the Greeks for the leisure of their vessels. The English government demands from the French a guarantee against all repetitions of claims on this bead. This guarantee the government of France has not thought fit hitherto to concede. The election of Girardio, who has been the lut to enter the Assembly through the door of universal suffrage, now nailed up; the acquittal of M. Proud- 1 hon by the jury, which had already acquitted the Nat:onai and the Erenement ; and the journey' et M. Thiers and other °demists to the bedside of the sick and contrite king at St. Leonard's have formed the substance of political chat during the last day. M. de Broglie was at the Assembly yesterday ; but it was understood that he would start to-night for England, with the view of reconciling in the pre sence of Louis Philippe the two rival ministers, whose antipathies, intrigues, and obstinacy, contri buted mainly to shake and subvert his throne. The friends of the Elyse, dissemble the distrust and jea lousy with which they regard tide rush of illustrious pilgrims across the channel, at a moment when half a dusen newspapers daily canvass, and half a down theatres nightly represent, the subject of the restore ties. It is observed that M. Mole, as it to escape umbrage of the powers that be, abstains from all share in the act of homage. But Duckitel, de Delmatie, Dumont, and others, are on the wing to England. The definitive result of the election of the Lower Rhine is as follows :—Clitardin, 37,366 votes; Muller, 29.539 ; Liechtenberger, 13,057. It is stated that MM. Caplan& and Petraglie, tried by a French court-martial, and detained at Rome in the prison of Sin Michele, under the French safe guard, have been delivered up to the pontifical autho rities. It is said that important changes are on the eve of taking place in Russian diplomacy. The retire ment of M. de Nesselrode from the ministry of foreign affsirs, to mike way for Prince Walewski, is rn mound. At the same time M. de Nledem, ambassa dor at Vienna, would be replaced by M. de Meyndorff, amhassedor at Berlin ; while only • simple charye d'affaires would remain at Berlin. A cabinet council was held yesterday at the Elysee, and presided over by Louis Napoleon. Two projects of law are said to have been discussed, one upon printing and the other upon the reform of the law on juries, in a restrictive sense. The Minister of War has just distributed to the Assembly the general account of the stores of the war department for 1848. The whole value of the articles is estimated at 449,969,831 f., or 9 millions more than the preceding year. France possessed, on Dec. 31, 1848, 22 millions of provisions, 33 millions of clothing, 3,640,000 f. of military equipages, and 11 millions of military bed,. The number of horses was 69,000, of which 20,000 were for the artillery, in all, valued at 46,838,150 f. The value of the artillery wan 287,278.802 f., there being 8.089 nieces of cannon for siege purposes, of which 3,124 were of iron, 3,7.59 field pieces, 2,253 morters, 1,703 siege howitzers, and 2,734 field howitzers. The matters connected with the engineering department were estimated at 16,637,833 f. The gunpowder and saltpetre stores were worth more. than 9 millions; and, lastly, the various matters con nected with Algeria 61 millions. The prorogation of the chamber is expected to take place in the latter half of August. This derision has been adopted by the questors, and will doubtless be sanctioned by the Assembly. The conservative ma jority are extremely dissatisfied with the unsettled aspect of the situation, and are stirring the provinces to petition for an immediate revision of the constitu tion. For this purpose they desire to make the pro rogatioa of the Assembly coincide with the sessions of the Councils General, in order to take part in the deliberations and iofluence the decisions of these bodies, sixty or seventy of whose members are also representatives of the people. 'fke petitions against the electoral law, which the Assembly referred to the Ministry of Justice, in order to institute legal proceedings against the signers, arrived yesterday in a waggon before the official mansion. SUNDAY AFTERNOON. The decision of the committee on the Dotation Bill is at last known. Yesterday, after a sitting, which lasted from noon till six o'clock, and a fr aft con ference with MM. Baroche, Fould, and Rouher, all the measures of tra: *action proposed by the minority of the committee, and sanctioned by the government, were rejected in succession. The committee then decided by 9 votes against 6 to move the Assembly to reduce the government's bill to the following propo sition :—" An extraerdinry credit of sixteen hundred thousand francs is opened to the minister of finance for the expenses in 1819 and 1830, occasioned by the installation of the President of the Republic. This sum shall be charged by halves upon the credits of 1849 and 1830." Singular to add, the members of the committee who were most forward in urging this c..nclastoo, M. Croton and M. de Mornay, both shrank successively from the responsible post of reporter, which was voted to them, and alter their refusal devolved upon M. Frain, by whom it was accepted. The Assembly learned the decision of the com mittee just as the sitting broke up. It produced great agitation, and became immediately the theme of all conversations. The uncompromising stiffeess of ministers in declining any reasonable transaction was generally blamed by the members of the majority as arrogant and disrespectful to the Assembly ; and to this peremptory perverseness and obstinacy alone can a result so tar below all expectation be at tributed. The insufficiency of the committee's grant will be however a point in favour of the government when the question comes to be submitted to the Assembly. The decision of the committee on the Dotation Bill seems to have brought to an open rupture the secret grudge which has long prevailed between the go vernesent and the royalists. One cannot help re gretting deeply that matters have been so misma naged as to lend a plausible colour of justice to the pcsition assumed by the latter. In feet, it the time for bringing forward the Dctation Bill was unhappy, the stiffineeked arrogance of ministers in declining all compromise was still more injudicious, and has alienated the support of many sober adherents. One cannot well conceive a less constitutional position than the executive dictating to the legislature a pecu niary settlement in its favour, and laying down the law in such an absolute uncompromising way is Baroche, Fould, and Rouher have done, upon a mat ter so essentially within the competence and juriedic tion of the parliament. It appears that one mem bee of the committee proposed to carry the credit to 2,160,000 fr., a sum equal to that required in the bill, under the form of expenses of installation for 1849, and of supplementary expenses for 1850. Even this amendment was rejected by the government. The motives assigned by Fould on presenting the bill having reference to the exceptional circumstances which the authority of the President has bad to con tend with, and to the cost of establishing the republi can magistracy, it was only reasonable that a special cam should be voted on this account ; and this was the principle on which the majority of the committee took their stand. Meanwhile there remains much underneath which can only be dimly conject ure d or pieced together out of the recriminations of the eon tending parties. There is little doubt the legitimists would have been far lees nice in those oonststutional scruples set forth with wonderful show of moderation by their organs, had they been better able to mould the President to their views. The decision of the committee wasno wow known than the springs of parliamentary strategy were set in action, and negotiations undertaken, of which the result seems doubtful. The Left decided on rejecting net only the principle of dotation, but also the Trim benignant of the "personal sunken" of the Presi dent. This determination would go far towards assuring the nooses of the government bill. For, the amendment of the committee being rejected by the government and by the Left, stands every chance of being thrown out. In that cue the original bill Would be pet to the veto, and might peas, the chief sßisWsa Si it ,Weit is Ike extreme parties of the' lame. Pereie I.g Me mutuality, tenth members el the iiirelserli Imre attempted to induce the moat iniaistial members of the Taft to vote the amend maid themaittee. Hitherto these efforts bare been uneassieshi. Mel are likely to remain so, the men of the Moustala tat being partknilarly tractable on wa gons whim their sommunical principles are at stake. It is invaded te them la vain that here no principle is compromised, that tendril Bat ia to be voted, no per malt but only an offer to pay the Preeldeste t= i — as it were a hint not to contract fresh en tor. A money vote to the President, after the attend Law, goes against their grain t they will not bear of it. Last night, at the Penne de rOpere, on the news of the decision of the oonnaittee on the Dotation Bill, the Fives fell If,. _ _ M. Plaudits, the reporter of the committee, is a member of the tiers-parti, and oppaited the bill strongly. Towards the close of the sitting yesterday it was re ported that M. Rouse was going to resign his port folio, which would be handed over to M. Vatimesnil. This rumour is &andel on the notion of a trainee tion with the legitimists. The probable retirement of d'Hautpoul, Macau, and Parise was also spoken of. The president of t h e National Assembly had posted up in all the bureaux on Saturday the statement of the credits granted or to be granted on account of the revenue of 1849. The following is thefeummary : Total credits voted.. Receipts voted Burplas credits voted . 273,118,122 If the credits demanded and not yet voted, amount ing to 1,834,281 fr. were granted, the amount nnpro vided for, actually amountingto 275,118,122 fr., would be 276,972,3831 r., not including 16,929,000 fr., una vailable for, additional duties of stamps and registry which have not been voted, and which would bring the amount unpravided for to 292,901,383 fr. The Bulletin de Paris says that M. thiers arrived yt sterday evening in London, where he passed two days with Louis Philippe, who received him with the warmest affection. The health of the king has rather improved since the visit of M. Thiers. All the pricces and princesses of the Orleans family were assembled. The king, in speaking to some of his friends, as to his smog, said, " They are always ready to serve France, but they wait an expression of its desire, and will never anticipate it." The Duo de Broglie, M. °tricot, M. Duchatel, and M. Damon set out this morning for St. Leonard's. SPAIN. MADRID, Jews U. Private letters from Spain of the 11th announce that active preparations are making for the accouche went of the Queen, which may be hourly expected, although the physician in attendance say that it may yet be delayed some days. The Doke and Duchess of Muntpenaier have arrived at the royal residence of Araojnes. It is said that atter the Queen's accouche ment the Cortes will be dissolved, but the period of the general elections is not yet mentioned, but it is not probable they will take place until after the public fittes, which will postpone them until the end of October or beginning of Nevemb:r. Manato, JUNI 11.—Three per Cents., 331 cash; after Bile s, 331 I. Four per Cents., 121. Five per Cents., 12 16.16 cash. Coupons, 7i. Pavives, 4 paper. Bank of St. Fer dinand, 84 paper. Exchange on London, 50.30 paper. ITALY. ROMAN STATES. Rom!, JUNE 5.—A commission of grace is to be shortly appointed in order to ex twine the claims of all who desire to return to the Roman territory. It aopears likely that miny deputies who allege that they repaired to Rame with the intention of resisting the revolution will be amnestied. In the course of June will be published the regulations for the elec tions of municipal councils; the number ofelectors will be extremely limited, and that of the eligible still more so. The finances of the government are in a lancholy state. The three millions of piastres of the R.lthechild loan are exhausted, and the paper at 14 per cent. discount. . Our Roman correspondent, writing on the 7th of June, states that his Holiness had been prevented by rain from attending the procession on the octave of Carpus Domioi , atcl describes a fray which took place in the church of St. Peter. Some concessions are expec•ed on the 21st of June, the anniversary of the Pope's coronation, and rumours a-e current that the pine authority in the limtag ne*e provinces is to be given up to the Aurrians. Exchange on London, 545. All exchanges have gone down one per cent., and specie has gone down to 13 per ant. premium. GERMANY. BERLIN, JUNE 14. The Prussian plenipotentiaries have been instructed to return from Frackfort immediately, if Austria pm.- si+ta in ber demands. he Vossiesehe Zeitung says a secret military con vention was concluded last year between Austria, Bavaria, and Wurtemberg. The official account of the constitution of the Pro visional College of Princes for the Erfurt Union has been published, as follows : _ _ There were present, in the tint Curia Prussia repre sented by Von Sydow, the substitute of Van Dedowitz In the second Curia: &me Weimar, Sale Reiteingen, Size Coburg Gotha, Saxe Atteeburg, Anhalt Dessau, Anhalt Kiithrs, Antsalt Bernburg, fichwaraburg Sondershsusen, Scewatzburg Rudolstadt, Reuss (elder branch), Dross ( younger branch). All these states were represented by Von P.o a, the minister of Anhalt D wan. la the third Curia: Brunswick, by Col. Mode, as substi• ruts for Dr. Liebe; Meeklenhurge Schwerin, by Von Shack; Oldenburg, by Col. Mons ; Hamburg, by Syndics, Banks ; Lubec , and Breams, by the same, a. substitute for Syndicus Elder and Bargermeister Smidt. In the fourth Cads: liahrn, by Baron Meysenhug. In the fifth Curia: Names and Lippe, by Vollprseht ; Waldeck, by the same, as substit u te f or D r . Liebe. The legitimations and powers of the plenipoten tiaries having been read, Von Sydow (Prassia) said—Gentlemen, the powers of the representatives from the greet majority of the united peer's meets having been proved, I am able, in the name and by command of my government, to declare constituted the Pro vie onel College of P r i nces for the United German States. Having read a note from the King of Prussia, in his eta , rower of Vorstand of the. Union, announcing the appoint ment of Mannteuffel and &blend , ' as ministers for the union daring the existent), of the provisorissm, the president pro ceeded :—The two first acts are hereby aanuuneed through which the intentions of the convention et the 26th of May, 1849, will washy come into operation. This is effected for the moment only in the shape of a provisorium; nor do all thew German government' take par: In it whose active eo•operation we were tally justified in expecting But nevertheless It is done with the eonvic. tion that a successful result will not be wanting to a national work undertaken in good faith, promoted by confidence and self sacrifice, and hued equally on the undoubted right of ponies who have voluntarily joined in It as upon a public necessity. It is to be hoped, therefore, that the day is no longer distant when the desired definitiewn shall succeed the narrowedprovisoriims, as the strong protector of true freedom, but an unconquerable barrier to political or social revolution. To obtain this end the Ishii, my most gracious master, will, as before, mike great voluntary sacrifices, en peeling equal truth and perseverance from his allies. The Provisional College of Prussia will doubtlessly be at fire' principally directed to the projects of law, the speedy diecussion of which is requisite, in order that the parliament of the union in its next meeting shall find the explanations of the most neeemu7 legislative questions fully ;srepsreds ' In these labours the chief consideration suet be equally to procure greater acknowledgment of the shaken governmental authority as to give fresh strength to the undermined foundations of popular m.rals. The sooner the erectien of strong and free institutions shall afford the required security, the sooner will the material wants of the present time be gratified, and fresh demands be made upon each branch of industry. For the short time during which! shall represent the Prussian plenipotentiary now absent, I beg to repeat my re quest that you will accord me your full confidence, and ' will believe the assertion of my warm sympathy with you in this great work. In oone/usion, I am glad to be able to utter words of honest gratitude to those men who, with self-sacrificing faithfulness, have belonged to the Vernal tungs-Itath, which has now ceased to exist. Many of them are at present in Franktorton-thc-Maine. By Divine mist twee may the united activity of the present and the absent Grown with the tallest sums, their tabours for the weal of the German fatherland. The speech of the president Was well received. Tne Assembly then proceeded to business; but the matters discussed have not yet been published. They adjourned at two o'clock, until Saturday the 16th. In future the College of Princes will meet in ordinary course every Tuesday and Friday. Manteuffel and Schleinits are appointed ministers for the onion. The National and Urioithlor were oonfisoated yes terday morainic. Several other journals have been stopped in the poet-offioe. A vendor of new s p a p ers has ban arrested. The Prince of Pinola is expected from St. Peters burg. Blllo3lf, JONI 14.--Volustary Loan, 105 i National Debt, 851 ; Cosaterdal Maria. Societys Premium, 1031; Bask Blues, 961, VIENNA, Juni 12. The Casette of to-day at lest contains the long ex peeted ordinance for abiliabing the Hungarian-Aus trian custom. frontiers. This admirable measure, the credit of which does not belong to the present ministry, as it was naturally superinduced by the events of the revolution, will not fail to give a new direction to all the relations of Austrian trade within the boundaries of the empire. The whole empire is divided into two customs territories, one of which is f eased by the kingdom of Hungary, with Croatia, Slavonia, the Woywodeschaft, Serbia, and the military frontiers with Transylvania; while the other consists of the rest o' the *spire, with the exception of Dal matia, which still possesses it. particular tariff. On the let of October, however, this division will cease to exist, while certain modifications are already intio duced, particularly with respect to the importation of cattle for slauzhtering. The admirable results of tue aboliti n of this absurd old system will soon show itself in an enormous increase in the traffic from one province to another, and when the old customs limita tions on the trade between Hungary and the other provinces shall have ceased altogether, the market price of many of the necessaries of life will undergo a considerable redaction throughout the empire. Vienna, which lies very close to Hungary, will be most essentially benefited by it. The prices of meat and bread in Vienna are, generally speaking, higher than in any other part of Germany, notwithstan its close proximity to the granary of all Europe. E;r Hungary, too, this measure must be of great advan tage. In times of peace Hungary produces a super fluity of the means of life, which the farmers, wine growers, and stock-breeders were formerly unable to dispose of in consequence of the high customs duty preventing the importation of their produce into Austria, where it was required. Some kinds of wine grown in Hungary are quite equal to the light wines of France or the Rhine. The custom-houses on the borders between Austria and Hungary are to be continued, and the officials will continue to discharge the duties of their offices until all objects of government monopoly have been fully regulated. This part of the new ordinance re fers apparently to the tobacco monopoly, which the government do not intend to part with. Hungary is the only provirce in the empire in which tobacco is cul tivated, and all the other provinces draw their supplies thence through the imperial tobacco manufactories, and the customs limitations are maiutair.ed by the government to prevent any introduction of the Magyar tobacco into the German aid Italian pro vinces to the loss of the state. But from the let of October next all other customs duties will cease to exist between Hungary and the other Austrian pro vince!, and all kinds of goods may be carried to and fro without e. tt' er import or rap in diry. . _ A naval education institution a is to be at Triest ; plans for a great arsenal ern in preparation. Several frigates and smaller men of war are ordered to be built. VIZNNA. JUSR 15—Fire per Cent. bletalliquel, 911 ; Four and-e. Half per Cents., 83; BaLk B.,aete, 1,120; cz ccanga on Landon, 12 2. SWITZERLAND. GENEVA. Toe municipal elections for Geneva have terminated in the defeat of the ultra-radical party, an immense majority of conservatives having been elected. The electors have felt the necessity of uniting against the administrative system of M. Fazy. At B. me the triumph of the liberal conservative party is also com plete. Tne eh cion of Cilonel Kuril to the presidency of the chief ciuncil by 117 votes, and those of such men as MM. Bloch de Reichenbach and Moschard, men who have figured in the Sonderbund, prove that the socialist party have to expect a strong cppoei tion. The alarm is very great in the ranks of the revolivionary party. It is said that another note has been received from Prussia on th,. subject of the presence of the refugees in Switzerland, and com plaining of the conduct of those who inhabit the fron tier cantons. The Swiss government is called upon to put an end to the socialist propaganda, and threatens in case of default to close the fruitier on the whole line. Such a measure would be most injurious to the manufactures of Bale, Aran, and Zurich. The intelligence received here from Wurtemburg appears to announce the abolition of the constitutional system in that country; the adjournment of the chambers, 'pronounced by the decree of the 3rd instant, forebodes a proximate dissolution. M. lklatvice Nlohl, leader of the democratic party, has put forth the strongest effirts to procure the impeachment of the minister Wackter Spittler, but without success. The country at present is tranquil, and should disturbance arise the Prussian troops stand in the duchy of Baden ready to maintain the authority of the throne. DESTRUCTION OF FOURTEEN VESSELS BY ICEBERGS. UPWARDS OF ONE HUNDRED LIVES LOST. The arrivals during the last few dal • from the Atlantic have brought sad intelligence respecting losses of • number of revels amidst the floatina fields of icebergs in the western latitudes ; and among the number, we regret to add, one was from one of the Irish ports with between eighty to One hundred persons on board, every soui of whom is sup posed to have gone down in the unfortunate vessel and perished. Great quantities of ice are g Ily locked for by tne traders in those parts of the Atlantic about the months ot April and May, the result ot the break up of the 'rose in the Arctic seas, and driven down to the southward by the force of the currents. The misses that have appeared this season exceed anything of the kind that has for years been met with. Fields of ice some hundreds of miles in extent, towering up in all manner of forms to a very great elevation, have swept the waters of the Atlantic; and there is too much reason to fear that the losses appended form a very few of the mishaps that occurred. The ill-fated vessel in which so many are believed to have perished, was from Lon donderry, bound to Quebec. Ten dave prior to her being discovered entangled in the ice—the 27th of April—she was spoken with by the molter of the Oriental, from Liverpool. She was scarce of water, having had boisterous weather, and on account of the number of passengers seen on deck, it was supplied her. On the 27th the Oriental was beset in the ice, together with two other vessels, and perceived her some ten miles to the westward. She was in a most perilous position, evidently stove in by the ice, and sinking. Signals of distress were hoisted without the remotest chance cf gaining assistance. For two days she was seen in the same forlorn condition, when she anadenly disappeared. Subsequently • gaent many bodies were seen intermingled with the ice, to gether with some portion of the cargo ; the latter led to the discovery of the pert to which the vessel belonged and her intended destination. The Oriental was detained for eleven days before she got clear of the ice. Another similar catas trophe was witnessed on the 29th of March, about 20 miles to the westward of St. Paul's, by the ship Signette, M. Mowatt, from Alloa for Quebec. The vessel was apparently an English brig heavily laden, with painted portholes. She had got fixed in the ice, and had been cut down by it to the water's edge, admitting • rush of water into the hold. Her crew wen observed wotking at the pumps, evidently in the hopes of keeping her afloat in the expectation of assistance arriving : however, she soon sank, as d all on board met with a watery grave. The exact number who petished was not learned. Letters have been reoeived communicating the total loss of the Ostensible also in the lee. She was from Liverpool, bound to Quebec, with several passengers. Up to the kb of May she expo rienced heavy weather, when they fell in with an enormous field of ice, and got fixed in it for five days and nights, in the course of which her hull was pierced. Pumps were kept going till the arrival of the brig Duke, Capt. Welsh, also fur Quebec, which, after considerable working, succeeded in making through the ice to the sinking vessel, and rescued the whole of them. The Ostensible went down within twenty minutes after. Two other yawls from Liverpool, the Con servator and the Acorn—wen both lost near the same time. The former was on a passage to Montreal. She got pinched by the ice within three days after losing sight of land, and filling, immediately went down ; the crow were lucky enough to save the ship's boats, in which they were picked up. The Acorn met with her destruction within 30 miles of St. John'e, Newfoundland ; the crew were saved by the Blessing schooner, of Sunderland. Among the other lessee in the the reported are enumerated the Hibernia, from Glas gow for Quebec; the British schooner Collector, from St. John's, Newfoundland, for Ldridon ; the brig Mire', of Weymouth the Wilbelmina, of Aberdeen; the Gosnell, of N ewcast le; the Sylph, of Leith, and three other', names of which an unknown. With the exception of the latter, the crews ROTS saved. Most oldie unfortunate vessels o were heavily I,ooot laden, and their losses in total cannot be far short Goons Is TitaNstru.—A number of regulations providing fur the emancipation of the transit commerce from the ohetruetions of the present custom-house system has just received the sanction of the Lords of the Treasury. Con structive warehousing is abolished. and a transit ►ond is to be entered into for the cargo. Six days will be allowed for the transhipment of all coeds, except for silks, spirits. aatawas, us, and tobacco, for which thaw days only will be greeted. AMERICA. (PROW OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) LIVERPOOL, SUNDAY MORNING. The fine steam ship Europa, after the quickeat passage ever made across the Atlantic, arrived in th e Mersey this morning at 9 o'clock, ha v i ng been tj'Z'. graphed off Voel Naut at half-past G a.m. The Europa left New York on the sth inst., and called at Halifax on the 8:h to land and receive the mails and peesengen to and from the British American pr o . emcee. The entire time occupied between her d e . pirture from New York and arrival here (includi ng di tention at Halifax) was on ly t en d ays and twenty hours. _ The Europa brings the large number of 150 N. sang's'''. She reports the arrival at Halifax OA the 3rd of June of the steam ship America, which left this port on the 25th ult. The Europi on the l';.h inst. met the steam ship Cambria, which left tnis on the Bth inst. for New York. The files brought by the Europa extend to the ; inst., but the news is brought down to the 7tl: irvo via telegraph to Halifax. We subjoin some of the more interes t ing i:eas of importance. That portion of the intelligence re,,,;ard:ng the 1. ,but invasion is confirmatory of former aceour.'s, thoogla the details are somewhat contradict-ry. One report states that a portion of the invaders had landed on the south side of Cuba, and had takes session of Cienfuegos and Trini•lad. Great fire:te. ment had taken place at Havannah on the rec e i pt this news, and a large number of troops had left fw the supposed scene of action. In fact, scarcely, soldier remained in Havannah. The brig lately arrived at Savannah from Cubs, repays that all the troops had again left for Careens. On the other hand it is stared that intelligence had mom the Spanish legation in Washington that no !, .- •r to 1,500 prisoners had been taken in two large ve•-; # on the south coast of Cuba, moat of whom w.re A mt ., rims, who were allowed to return, those of ~te r countries being tried by court-menial. Despatches had been received at Washingtv. from the American consul at Havanna, staring grit he had demanded the 10.5 persons; taken by a SeaMett ship-of-war on the Island of C4ntoy, that rah- a neutral territory. The men who had been taken on that island bad not engaged in open hostilisa etd were engaged considering the propriety oF ahandon. leg the island and returning home when they were emzed upon. The Governor of Cuba not having re lilted to the consul's demand, that functionary bad heat for additional power to enforce i% Accorditg.y, despatches had been forwarded frcni Washicgton to each portions of the squadron as could h: immediately colected at Havannah, to assist the tut..u; in prrssing the demand. Should the Specie!. .4ove; meat reuse the consul is to report to Waskine.,r, , when orders will be at once given to obstruct commu:Lition of all vessels with the port cf Havannah. A Washington letter states that a c.,until of 'ral [Jetted Stabs cabinet had be.n Laid is that cvv. when it war determined Upon to bo'd ;;;au : l7';'!!e; of the island of Cuba rigidly acccuntab:c treatment of all American subjects ; to carry :t that determination a special agent tr-s to be at orze dcipatched with the necessary inotructi ,, ,! :o Havannah. A c nrespondence is said to fr.v,.? passtd (a Mr. Clayton and the Spanish rel itive • • e icuirizonment of certain AMeli',lL4 at II tv..r.7.1C, upon unfounded suspicions of connivance sti!li to invaders, and also with respect to the timed en.i4- ment of Americans into the Calm " volunt,cr bands. The Spanish minister assnrfd Mr. C:l3 - ! - 1 that the course which would be pursued by the rities at Cuba would be such as could eke no cau•, complaint to the Cabinet of the Uni ei States, a:1 that no American citizen should be imprisoned, put to death, unless on ample proof being given of t' 'e violation of tho laws of Spain, Cuba, and also of ::e Unitci States. A letter from Washington, dati.d Jane 3, says, the official information bad jut reached of the execut. of four Americans, and the impr:slnuaLut of Tie:- 200 others. The four who had been shot had ') mougst those left behind at Cardenas. The S 7—. • authorthes had refused the conmar.d , ..r of the States squadron permission to see the prism, permit them to b. sent home for trial. The United States frigate Congiiss ial a: C.iba, to intercept a Spanish vessel, rental , i• ber cf Americans, taken prisoners in an i,. • Yucatan. The Congress was followed also by nish man-of-war. Captain Randolph. of :h, greets, is determined to rescue the Amer icaa pu I at all hazards. D.spatchea have been forwarded 'rmi tie l:cited States governm-nt to the Cubm web that the arrest of Americans on any other island, save Cuha, will not be permitted. The Spanish minister at Wash'.ngton had remon strated against the refusal of the American gator:- ties at Key West to deliver up the money whith the invaders had taken. The Spanish cummandrr . nad demanded the surrender of rhe Creole and the m •r( v. The reply made him was," We have no force, and invaders will not give up the money." The Spec commander then offered to put himself and Lis en:A force us der the command of the civil authorities if Key West, for the purpose of takirg the Creo:e the money. This was declined, a promise heir mite that the money would be returned by order 0 ito United States government to the Cuban aulimi - t .s. It is generally believed that the invaders hare their pay many members of the American press. Two vessels, with reinforcemen's for 6,:eral Lopez, and which were commissioned to land fereut points of the island, were still at sea. their :ate and destination nekuown. In the iv, nr. of !.uso vessels being captured by the ;Spaniards. the i . a.ted States squadron had been instructed to dt =tad them of the Spanish commander, and in the t rat of refusal to seize them by force. The steam-ship Southerner had aerie,) at Noe York with several of the returned prrnes. - The British-steam-ship Trames arrived at Mobile on the 3,-cl June with late dates from Ilavannali. Mr. Campbell, the American consul, .rated that :zo Seaeiards at llevannah were much embittered at :Lc American authorities, and refused all inform ition as to the number, names, eat' probable fate of the pr.- toners, who were very closely confined. General Lopez addressed the citizens of Mobi.e on the 31st ultimo, explaining the causes of th.. of the expedition. The subtrdinate dicers pablaly vindicated the general, and spoke in the of his bravery and skill. Lopez was in Neu Orlea ns on the 4th inst. he se re rms The rand jury at New York .1 wi:h in. vestigai is relative to the connexion the Cuban invasion had reported that been presented to them sufficient for t..c of any person in that ci.y. Advices from New Orleans report the ai of the steam-ship Alabama from San r. tt. dates to the Ist of May ; S 2 passengers, an dole. in gold dust. The steam snip I`,ll reached P.inams on the 21st ult. with over 1 - duls. in gold dust from San FrArcisco. It was pro,prous when she let. Groat ac•iNi' vailed at San Francisco, and prices of pro had :meat merchandise were advancing. The e la the mines was said to be very greatly on the In crease. The Indians (Pawnees) were still L oa:km:the. Californian emigrants. The latter had found a destral , . o ally in a great Pottowatamie chief, named Wanattaht wbo had in a ski. mish killed a Pawnee elite( whose persan were found 4 white and 9 Indian e;a:ye latell- taken. 800 Mormons had left St. Loin' tor California. Caravans of emigrants extended betseea LOU and 300 miles. Grass and wa'er were abundant, but small pax and cholera were reported as rel . prevalent. Firer had occurred at Baltimore on the 4th. and Cincinnati on the same, day. Violent storms had bent experienced iu Georgia and Florida. A great meeting in favour of enetaining the union was held in St. Louis on the 4th inst. The Nashville Convention me! at Sishville (Tent -s eer) on the 4th inst., Judge Shirk presidin4- Nothing important has been transactid. Naehola, was greatly crowded. The jury in the Rey abduction caw , at New Nestle, after being confined three days and nights, were dur charged without coming to a verdict. The prospectus of the new southern pro-slave r ) . organ has appeared in the M'asnington jourrale, signed by senators Butler and Nl,rton, and Wars. Tnompson and Toombs. It will be published week' , and tn-weekly. " The Bishop of Jamaica, Mr. Cobb, speaker of C 441 Te o, 3 ltil o till e itre reit om he l isiol en 11.r 1 Vtb 1 Pt her .1 •sie off glil ,te t el( ihrl s or ot I P' ol Pi olc hal Ou .e he e to tad are welt the tau the wet wrr On " P e cl 51. die 79 1 stot or km. to F. the bow tire 1- , the dee eni ht. 9 of 'CI mt JU+. Or. P 774 lig me , 8d dol she 1 war 1 Poi Fre and SRC , had beg 240 wh , to et: is 1 Tk BI be ou bl ce laf re, aE tb ki 01 ti 8 ti bl 01 el to la tl ri bb V tf 1