The Express. — London, England, 1855-08-18 00:00:00

eke exprefifi. advertisements taisdarer "Tbr '...-- • ialilii lviallogNeir, nisi he at the Oft% le. Ilmi b 7 Two Vie* •• She day ot pablfeades. HIGH WATIR AT LONDON BRIDGE,_ Two D., —llariim N. Timmikow—liarsing, M. b 4 27a. 66. 2a. LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 18. THE prayer of our soldiers is heard. LIPKA:fin% divisions have shown themselves in the field to re learn in three hours the lesson of Inkermann, which they had taken nine months to forget. The victory on the Tchernaya, reported by General SIMPSON in another column, was swift and signal, and, consider ing the strength of the enemy, may be said to have been purchased cheaply. Since the middle of July certain signs have be trayed the intention of Prince GORTCHAMOIT to depart from the defeceive system he had so long maintained, strike some great coup, dispirit the Allies, and delay, if not avert, the assault. Thus the sick and disabled were removed from the north of !Sebas topol to the interior, and the hospitals prepared for a sudden accession of wounded. General PANIITTINE't corps, or the principal part of it, was also brought down from the South of Russia, and, to mark more distinctly the high issue to be tried, the machinery of super stition was employed to an extent unprecedented in this war. The aged Archbishop INNOCENT was brought from Kherson to bless the troops, and the white-bearded metropolitan Pnaaarric from Kieff to prophesy their success. The " sacred image of Mrro- PHAN." brought from its shrine, was solemnly com mitted to the army, and the miraculous efficacy of its presence asserted in orders of the day. The time, the place, the manner of the coming stroke, were, how- ever, a secret. The exterior Russian army, when the last detailed accounts were received, held a strong position on the Mackenzie heights, its line extending from Aitoder to Albar, with advanced posts on the range of heights overhanging Urkusta and the valley of Balder. A portion of this delightful vale and the line of the Tchernaya have been held by the Sirdinian Contingent, the Turkish army from the Danube, and a mixed division of French troops, computed in the last week of July to number in all 30,000 men. It was here the fatal blow was to fall. With what was deemed excess of caution, the Piedmontese and Turks enter-1 tained themselves with adding new tablas to the redoubts first thrown up in the new position, but Wisdom appears to have justified her children. On' Thursday last, at daybreak, the Russian field army, which bad long defied reconnaissance, disclosed its front. According to its wont, it advanced in masses. The generals compute that it numbered 60,000, the strength which Lord RAGLAN attributed to the army opposed to him at Inkermann. But how different the result : then a day's fighting and a victory bought with enormous loos; now a decisive result in three hours, and " the loss on the aide of the Allies very small." The question will arise—What impelled a General of LIPRANDA mark to an undertaking so adventurous aced insecure? Perhaps necessity. Having lately given considerable space to a Russian communication, celebrating the abundance and healthfulness which reign within Sebastopol, we may now state, from in formation of higher authenticity, that the gar rison of Sebastopol is upon short rations, and that it suffers greatly from sickness. We do not underrate the patience and heroic endurance of the Russian eoldiers, but it is not unreasonable to believe that where great privations have been endured for • year without the stimulus of present or pro spective sucoem, irritation and impatience will pre vail. Such a disposition revealing itself among the defenders of Sebastopol would weigh with the Russian Commander-in-Chief, and might induce him to ven ture an attack upon the untried Sardinians or the disesteemed Turks. It will, we believe, be found that General LIFILANDI'II attack expresses less the enterprise than the straitened situation of the Rus sians in the Crimea. We can afford to wait for the further details of this battle; bat appearances conspire to foretel that they will be eclipsed —say, rather, outshone— by feats more critical and more glorious. Generals Stumm sad PILIBIIIEZ have resolved to improve the time; and a despatch from the British head-qoarters, dated on the evening of this victory, inks= the public that their resolution was to open, on the following (yesterday, Friday) morning, the Are of all their batteries against the fortress. We are then in the midst of great events. The grandest artillery contest ever known is at this moment fully raging. Describing the last fire directed against Sebastopol, Prince GOIITCHAKOTY found words too weak until he become almost profane. But the "feu den*" of his despatch was weak, scattered, and remote, compared with that which the English end French, from stronger, nearer, and more numerous batteries, now concentrate on the place. Truly, if it had been possible for General LIPJULNDI to avert each a catastrophe, his attack was not a minute too soon. One of the chief points of interest in this victory is the share which the Italian Contingent has borne in it. Italy, crushed by foreign oppression, as in Lombardy—debased by internal Dad government, as in Naples—and allowed to breathe freely only in Piedmont, comes forward to prove that the grand national spirit which lifted it up to the head of the world in ancient times—which inspired its poets, from VIRGIL down to FILICAIA— is not extinct. The Sardinians—we have General Prusaten's word for it—behaved in a manner which sustains their old reputation. These Sardinians are the descendants of the men who formerly, by dint of physical, moral, and mental strength, held at the sword's point the Crimea against all comers. They were then, it is true, acting selfishly. Their object leas to crush Venice, and absorb the whole trade of the world into their hands. They did not succeed then is holding secure possession of their con quests, because they did not deserve to do so; but they come forward now to wrest the Crimea from the hands of a power as unscrupu lous as their ancestral Genoa, but possessing none of those great aspirations after beauty, that lofty feeling of honour and dignity, that grand conidenos in manhood, of which the remembrance will never peas out of history, and which to this day oonserves to Genoa its name of the " Superb." It is a greed thing to see one of the most important por firms of Italy coming forward to take a glorious position in a struggle that is to check the progress of atorrentof barbarism which threatens tooverwhelm Europe. We may not look as enthusiastically as M. Cowre to the advent of the establishment of a great Occidental republic, and we may be excused from doubting whether such an institution would work well. But we will lot allow ourselves to be shakos in the opinion that this return of. one of the great Italian powers to a dis tinguished position in the active life of 14- rope is a great guarantee for the preeervatioe civilisation against the attacks of barlarisms. . Tbe, victory on the Tchernaya is a meal sweet ; arid let um not forget that one of ita l roost cheering rectum is the proof it gives of the great vitality of Italy. DURING the progress of the Anti-Corn Law dis cussion, it was common, and not unjust, to reproach our agriculturists with indifference, neglect, and apathy. They relied on Protection, and made few or no exertions. As a body they were inert, and going to decay. They are now awakened, active, and flourishing. Our fields show improvement like oar cotton milli, and there is an increase in cultivation similar to that in factories and furnaces. In Scotland and in Lincolnshire, where there was a less margin for improvement, less has taken place; in the wealds of Kent, Surrey, and Sussex, and other backward places where it was mach needed, it has been very great. Evidence may be found of this in agri cultural journal', but a great deal more on personal inspection, by looking is at the homesteads, examining the buildings, all of which are improved, inquiring into the stock kept, going about the hedges and fields, and seeing how much the former are now kept under, and the latter kept clean. But the best evident), of the advance is the immense crops gathered in lest year, and the equally large crops which now stand on the ground, or have been just harvested. Increased industry, care, and skill secure the nation • large if not an ample supply of food, and we are about to call attention to some other sources of supply. Our readers will be sensible that the great material improvement in our agriculture, and the great moral improvement in our agriculterists, are due to the competition of Free Trade. Amongst the countries which have latterly contri buted much to our supply of food is Canada, which, like England herself, has made within the lust few years a wonderful progress under the influence of freedom. There has recently fallen into our hands • pamphlet, published at Quebec in 1865, called the " Condition and Prospects of Canada in 1864." From the facts there stated the reader will see that while our own agriculturists have been providing addi tional quantities of food, our countrymen across the water have been labouring effectually to the same end. The population of Upper Canada was, in 1842, 486,053, and the wheat produce was then 6.6 bushels to each inhabitant. In 18.51 the population had in creased to 952,001, and the wheat produce was in the proportion of 13.33 bushels to each inhabitant. The i population had doubled and the quantity of wheat grown had quadrupled. Much of this increased prods°, has come direct, or indirectly through the United States, to England. Similar facts exist in Lower Canada. In ninety years the population in• creased more than tenfold, and was, in 1851, 890,261. Now, in 1843, the produce in Lower Canada was at the rate of 1.36 minot—about 1-12 more than a bushel —to each inhabitant; and in 1851, 3.46 ►ninots. In that great colony, therefore, as the people increase— and they are increasing very fast—the quantity of wheat which they grow increases in a compound ratio, and so the quantity increases which they have to export. The number of emigrants who arrived at Quebec in 1854 was 54,112, and for several years past about 45,000 have annually arrived. How many locate themselves permanently in the colony is not stated, but the num ber is considerable, though it is only a small portion of the great increase of population by whose labours there is a continual increase in the quantity of wheat grown. The demand for corn in Europe has there given • great stimulus to agricul ture, and, accordingly, in 1853, the latest year to which we have returns, there were sold in East and West Canada public lands of all kinds, except one, to the extent of 425,133 acres, being 122,973 acres more than the average sales-302,160 acres—of the preceding six years. The exception was common school lands, of which, however, 177,483 acres were sold in 1853, being 121,461 acres above the average of the two preceding years—the only years stated in the. document. On the whole, therefore, there were sold of public lands in Canada, in 1833, 602,816 acres, and all that land was purchased no doubt to be brought is due season under cultivation, in addition to the many hundred thousand acres par chimed and brought into cultivation in preceding years. The wheat and flour which she has supplied to this country independently of that sent through the United States in 1853, amount to 84,571 qrs. of, the former, and 288,906 cwt. of the latter, and every year the quantity will be increased that she is preparing for our consumption. In the United States the circumstances are equally, or still more remarkable. Since September last year to the 20th ult. we have imported from the States only 214,885 bushels of wheat and 135,623 barrels of flour, against 6,762,146 quarters of wheat and 1,791,768 barrels of flour in the same period last year, although the price in our market has been through the period of 1854-5 extremely high. In the years 1832 and 1863 we imported from the States raps*. lively 483,569 and 713,182 quarters of wheat, and 8,835,987 and 5,879,034 (mtg. of flour. The suffi cient reason for the great falling off in the imports from the States in 1854-5 is the great deficiency of their harvests last year. The consequence, however, of this is, that fully one-third more land has been sown with wheat this year than last year in the States, and as the harvest is good we may expect this year from them, if we require as much, a supply equiva lent to 3,000,000 quarters of wheat. Moreover, the high price of corn, and the deficiency of the supply, have driven the people, including the immigrants, into purchasing immense treed of land with a view to extending cultivation. Already, in the first half of this year, 6,129,537 acres of public lands have been bought by the people, which does not much exceed the purchase of last year and the year before, but it is 10,000,000 acres above the average sales of the eight years ending with 1850. All that land, almost equal to one-third of England, will in due time be brought under successful cultivation. The natural law we have noticed as to Canada holds good in the States, and holds good everywhere, and the more the agriculturists are multiplied, the more bushels of wheat are grown per head, and the more there is to spare for the population, whether in their own country, or in other countries not engaged in agri culture. With an extent of land equivalent to England taken into cultivation in Canada and the States every three or four years, or a New England in that or a little longer period brought to bear food, a large part of its produce being available for the use of Old England, every notion of our befog dependent on Russia for subsistence, and that we must starve or submit to her arrogance, is a mere idle fancy. We have been at war with Russia for eighteen months, and have scarcely known a want that peace with her could have supplied. At the end of this period, with a large harvest rewarding the industry of our own people, with a probability of obtaining from America as much corn as will supply our wants, be sides large supplies ready to come to us from France and Spain, we are now thoroughly independent of the Czar and his serfs. The war has had the good Ursa of making that apparent, and teaching both tho CIAZ. and his allies that though England may be willing to cultivate end cherish the trade with Russia, she can cut it elf without a pang when required by ditty to do so. It will have the further good effect of connesting as more closely with the freemen of the West, and Never ing us more than ever from dependencaon the slavery of the East. Our agriculturists will have to compete, not, as the Protectionists were wont to tell them, with Russian serfs, but with the freemen of Canada and the States, having at their command a boundless terri tory. But let them remember that our soil is already enclosed and cultivated close to a great market, and possessing every facility of com munication. They command manure in abundance, and none of their land, like some of that in the Eastern States, becomes barren from over-use. Their land only grows more fertile as it is more used. They have at their command a large multitude of labourers, so that no grain of their crops ever need be lost for want of hands to gather it in. Their competitors in America have no hands but their own, and an obtain no assistance to save their crops when the weather is untoward. They have to clear the lend before it can bear a crop ; they are u yet, in many places, re mote from markets; carriage is difficult; they have all the disadvantages of a new society, and our sgriculturists all the advantages of an old one. Should our agriculturists not be as able to compete sue coesfully with the men of the Western world, as the nation is to dispense with the assistance of Russian serfs ' it will be from moral not from physical cir cumstances. Soil, climate, markets, labour, cheap and abundant, are all in their favour. Game-keeping squires, and other similar obstructions, are the only hindrances to their complete success. THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 18, 1856. :tlt Court. OSBORNE, ACOOST 17. Her Majesty and Print* Albert, with the Prince of Wales and the Nieces' Royal, will embark on board the Vittoria and Albert this evening, and proceed, at a very early hour to-morrow morning, to Boulogne. The suite on board the royal yacht will consist of the Marchioness of Ely, Lady Churchill, the Ron. Mary Bailee!, the Marquis of Breadallmas, the Marquis of Abercorn, the Earl el Claren don, Sir James Club, and Mr. Gibbs. Her Majesty's ship Osborne will accompany the royal yacht, and will convey Major• General the Hon. C. Grey, Colonel the Hon. C. B. Phipps, Lord Alfred Paget, and Lieut.. Colonel Biddulph. The Hon. Mary Beheld has snoceeded the Hon. Beatrice Byeg as Maid of Honour in Waiting. Yesterday being the anniversary of the birthday of the Duchess of Kent, &merry peal was rung on the church bells at Kecsington early in the zooming, and the royal standard was hoisted. Her lt 4'l Highness's town tradesmen dined together at the British Hotel, Cockspur.street. An usel lent dessert was sent for the occasion by her Majesty's com mand. The Royal Duchess also directed a fat buck to be supplied. Mr. Edward Snell, jun., filled the chair. In the evening the houses of her Royal Highness's trades ' man in London and Kensington were illuminated. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday at the Foreign-olfioe, Downie - street . The ministers pre sent were:—Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chan cellor, Earl Granville, the Marquis of Lansdowne, the Duke of Argyll, the Earl of Clarendon, Sir Wil liam Molesworth, Lord Panmure, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Right Hon. R. Vernon Smith, Viscount Canning, and the Earl of Harrowby. The Council sat three hours. Mr. John Thornton, deputy chairman of the Board of I Inland Re , had an interview with the ChanoeUor of' , the Exchequer yesterday, at his official residence, in Downing•street. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerton left town yesterday afternoon, for Broadlands, Hants. Sir William sad Lady Molesworth left town for Pen meow, near Bothnia, yesterday. Despatches were received at the Colonial-office yesterday, from the 'overawe of Mauritius, Ceylon, Hosg•Kong, and West Australia. Despatches were sent yesterday to the Governors of the North American provinces. THE QUEEN'S VISIT TO PARIS. (PROW OUR OWN CORRIBTONDRNT). PORTSMOUTH, FRIDAY NIGHT. _ _ _ At seven o'clock this evening her Majesty, Prince Albert, and the court embarked on board the Vic toria and Albert steamer, and start at daylight for Boulogne. _ SATURDAY MORNING. The Royal steamer left this morning at five ;o'clock. (FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.) PREPARATIONS AT BOULOGNE. BOULOGNE, A.courr 17. For the last seven days crowds of holiday makers have been disembarking at this port, eager to secure bedrooms during the week, and balconies to witness to-morrow's solemnity. Some of the English boats have arrived with upwards of three hundred and fifty passengers on board. No sooner are these visitors landed than they hastily deposit their luggage at the first hotel that can or will receive them ; then they sally forth, and ask all kinds of questions of the first person they meet relative to the Queen's arrival. Thus, every group of lounger' upon the jetty has its own authoritative view of the great question. Some people have heard, on the best authority, that the Queen will arrive off the port early this afternoon t others are certain that the royal party will not leave Osborne before to- morrow morning; a third knot is in possession of facts of the moat private nature. Amid all this gossip —which is carried on even by officials, whom it is natural to regard as infallible authorities, but who in reality have only that infinite scrap of official intelligence which concerns them—it is no easy matter to sift groundless gossip from real information. This gossip, however, proves the state of almost mad enthusiasm with which the fifty thousand people of Boulogne are possessed to-day. Everywhere, along the line of route, from the land ing-place to the railway-station, seats at windows have been purchased at prices which prove that the residents of Boulogne know how to combine patrio tism with pecuniary advantage. The real prepara tions, which are being actively pushed forward at the last moment, consist of the great tent at the landing place, and the triumphal arch, amphitheatre, and re ception rooms of the railway station. Then, at the camps, men are eager to learn who will form part of the line of soldiers appointed to keep the way clear. It is certain, however, that the square about the landing-place will be formed by the Lancers now at Boulogne, and that the cortEge will be escorted by squadrons of Lancers and Dragoons. Orders have also been issued to the effect that a company of the famous Chasseurs de Vincennes shall be included in the troops told off for the duty of keeping the way. Here, then, her Majesty will see for the first time the equipment and appearance of these renowned soldiers. I will now briefly describe the preparations made here to receive her Majesty to-morrow. In the first place, it is now certain that the royal party will land opposite the Place Dannon, where a richly ornamented tent is in course of erection. This tent will be almost wholly com posed of red velvet, lightened within by lace, light candelabra, and flowers. Before it stand two high columns, twenty-one feet in height, painted " true blue,* upon which will be placed vases of burning incense. Around this tent the civil and military authorities of Boulogne and the neighbourhood will assemble to receive the illustrious visitor". From the tent it is believed the Queen, escorted by the Emperor, will proceed to the Pavilion Hotel, facing the sea, to breakfast; orders having been given at this establishment for 160 covers at noon to-morrow. From the hotel the party will proceed along the port, over the new bridge, which will be ornamented with marble pyramids bearing heraldic emblems, to the railway station. The preparations here made for the reception of the Queen are really imposing. The entrance to the railway station is spanned by a Wen did triumphal arch, seventy- fi ve feet in height. This arch is notconstracted on the long-establiehed aritem of severing lath-work with evergreens. It consists of beautiful gilt arabesque work, intentioned with wreaths of flowers, and crowned by a bold figure, that, with outstretched arms, offers a welcome to the Emperor's guests. Upon the scroll this figure holds is inscribed the word " Civilisation!" The bees of the arch is marked by a green scroll, upon which, in letters of gold, are the words, " Wel come to England.* The arms of England and France rise above this scroll, and form the supports of the great figure. Around the crowning figure float the flags of the allied powers ; below, those of the se condary states of Europe. Shields, streamers, em blazonments, and flowers, scattered about the lower part of this immense construction, make a rich and imposing effect. Passing under the arch, the royal visitors will enter the open space before the station—which has been covered with turf— interspersed with beds of the choicest flowers. To give effect to this enclosure, one gardener alone has sent no less than 4,000 plants. To the right, an amphitheatre of seats, covered with red velvet, and backed by gilt arabesque work, and flowers, has been raised, for the accommodation of ladies invited by the town or railway company to witness the arrival. Then the entire front of the station itself has been hung with velvet, spangled with bees. The Royal Standard of England and the Tricolour of France float from the belfry tower over the entrance; and an eagle, with spread wings, forms a conspicuous ornament. The panels and pilasters, hung with velvet, display initial letters, &c., in gold. The first-class reception room has been ar ranged with rich hangings for the illustrious party. Here the emblems of the two countries, worked in gold, enliven the folds of velvet. The doorways are ornamented with gathered folds of muslin. The floor is covered with a spleediel carpet. From the ceiling hang beautiful chandeliers of flowers. The Queen's reception room is a perfect specimen of French art, in the arrangement of a limited space. The doors are lined with white velvet, the walls are covered with white and red fluted silk, and the furniture is all of the most elegant description. The huge hall of the railway station is occupied on three sides by seats 60 feet long. Chandeliers hang from the roof, trophies, banners, enliven the walls ; and opposite the entrance by which the Queen will reach the platform is an artistically-arranged trophy of arms. the train of state will consist of the Emperor's car riage, in which he will travel with his royal guests, and carriages bearing the royal and imperial suite,. This outline of the preparations includes, I believe, all that is to be accomplished at Boulogne. The port, of course, will be gay with the flags of nations ; tens of thousands of people will line the quay ; the bells of the churches will ring; the cannon will make their coisy welcome ; and thirty or forty thousand men under arms will mark the summits of the cliffs from above the town as far as Ambleteuse. Last sight an English corvette anchored off the port, heralding the imposing fleet that is to accompany the Queen, and thousands of people crowded to the pier head to look at the trim precursor of to-morrow's splendid pageant. It is now pretty certain that the Queen will arrive off Boulogne this evening, sleep on board, and enter the port as esrly as the tide will allow to-morrow morning. In this case, it is said the men in the camps along the heights will advance to the edge of the cliffs to-night, and greet the royal visitors with a splendid feu de joie. An official intimation reached the authorities here last night that the Emperor would reach Boulogne this evening at six o'clock. Lord Cowley will also arrive in the course of the afternoon, to escort his Sovereign to the capital in which he represents—or, according to many people, mis-represents—the English nation. The imperial carriages, in which the royal visitors are to proceed from the land ing-place to the railway station, arrived here yesterday afternoon. To the great disappoint ment of people who have paid for places at windows, they are closed vehicles. The reason is that all the Imperial open carriages are in requisition to convey the Emperor's guests from the terminus in Paris to St. Cloud—the party requiring no less than eight. On Wednesday last a meeting of the British resi dents was held at the Hotel du Nord, to frame an address of congratulation to the Queen on the occa sion of her visit; Captain Kirby in the chair. This address, which is conceived in the following terms, will be presented to her Majesty to-morrow by the British Consul: At • public meeting, d by her Britannic Majesty's Consul, at the large room is the Hotel t.O Nord, on Wed nesday, the 16th day of August instant ; Captain Kirby In the chair ; It was proposed by Edmund Tortoo, Esq.; seconded by Captain Kennett, and d unanimously : That the following address from the British residents and visitors in and near Boulogne-sur-Mer be adopted by this meeting, end that the same be presented to her Majesty through her Britannic Majesty's Coceul at Boulogne, or through her Britannic Majesty's Ambassador at the Court of France. _ " May it please your Majesty, " We, the British residents and visiton in and sear the city of Boulogursur.Mer, with feelings of the most pro found respect, humbly present our heartfelt congratulations on that most auvicious event, your Majesty's visit to your august ally, the Emperor of the French an which we doubt not will Mud, under God's blessing, still further to strengthen and perpetuate the cordial union at present so happily existing between France and Great Britain. " That Almighty God may long preserve your Majesty to reign over a loyal, happy, and contented people, and that He may impart His choicest blessings to your Majesty's royal Consort, the Prises Albert, and to your Majesty's royal family, is the fervent prayer of your Majesty's most dutiful and loving subjects, the British residents and visiton in and near Boulogne cur-Mer. (Signed) " Warm Snxt, Chairman." The weather continues beautiful. A cloudless sky and a calm sa promise for to•morrow's spectacle that weather known to English holiday makers as the Queen's. (PROM ANOTHER CORRESPONDENT ) BOULOONE, Arroyos. 17. This morning, at about two o'clock, the steam cor vette Rosamond entered the harbour, having on board four of her Majesty's carriages, which it conveyed from the Isle of Wight. As even monarchs are unable to control time or tide, it is supposed that the Queen cannot effect a landing on Saturday until about 2 o'clock. There will not be a sufficient depth of water at the bar until about that hour. Her l'tlajesty's arrival at Paris .will conse quently be postponed until very late in the evening, when the obecuray of approaching night will deprive the anxious inhabitants of the great capital of much of the gratification they anticipated of witnessing the arrival of England's beloved monarch in the broad daylight. In consequence of this unlooked-for event, it is reported that the Queen will stop the night at Boulogne, in order to carry out as far as possible the original arrangements for a grand public entry into Para. But inasmuch as such a delay would involve the necessity of travelling upon the Sunday, it is by no means probable that Boulogne will be so highly favoured. Yesterday afternoon 28 horses and three car riages of the Emperor arrived from Paris. These were accompanied by a numerous retinue of servants. They were all accommodated at the Hotel du Nord. His Imperial Majesty will positively arrive at six o'clock in the evening at the Pavilion Hotel, where he has engaged apartments for ten days. Never within the recollection of the oldest inhabi tant has there been such a crowd of visitors at Bou logne. Every steamer and railway train conveys multitudes, and ell the hotels, inns, and lodging houses are crammed with human beings, many of whom are very glad to have the accommodation of • mattress placed upon the bare floor. The good citizens who have beds to let are consequently reaping great profits, as the prices demanded are exorbitant, and are advanc ing still higher in proportion as the articles become scarcer. This plethora of luck, unfortunately for the Boulonnais, will be of abort duration, for in • fortnight or so apartments may be had for a mere trifle. It appears tbat a um of 26,000 francs bu been voted for the decorations at the railway station and on the quay, an account of which I forwarded you yesterday. - The following paragraph I translate from L' Im partial, s Boulogne journal published this Wig• Fort, youset sit misterroptad pease betwees Frump sad Beglasd ham Wised the last sabseatty of their fusser strife. ♦ sew geanstice Ms wag up, whisk !Me not imbibed the noxious spirit of national bate. The moment has now arrived to make amends, by the cordial union of the two most powerful nations in Europe, for the evils which their enmity bad oesesioned to the world. This grand idea the Emperor of the French and Queen Victoria have accomplished. AU due thanks must beeves to them fur this happy constitutes tion. Lord Clarendon is reported to have said the other day in the British House of Lords, while tharocterisiog the I close union of the two countries, that there was no longer an English Cabinet exclusively, nor a French Cabinet ex clusively, but that there was one only a►inet, the members of which sat indifferently upon the one and the other aide of the channel. We can only give the assurance upon oar side that in future there will be but one people in the two con from the day that Queen Victoria shall have ar rived in Paris. SCIENCE AND THE GOVERNMENT. It will be remembered that a special parliamentary committee of the British Auociation for the Advancement of Science was lately charged to inquire " Whether any measure could be adopted by the government or parliament that would improve the position of science or its cultivators in this country ?" This committee--of which Lord Wrot tesley was chairman—has collected from men of science a body of interesting information, which has been embodied in the form of a report—which report will be presented to the members of the British Association in Glasgow. It appears that though the committee have endeavoured to elicit opinions from members of their own body, and from many eminent cultivators of science, they have the gratification of discovering that none of the suggestions of fered, or changes proposed, are of such a nature as to im pose any serious difficulty on government, parliament, or the Universities, were they at once to concede all that is asked. Such of the above suggestions as they think deserving of the serious and earnest attention of government, parliament, and the universities, and which may be termed their desi derata, are summed up in the following propositions let. That reforms shall take place gradually in the system' of say of our universities which do not at present enact a certain proficiency in physical science as a condition pill misery to obtaining a degree. 2ndly. That the number of professors of physical science at the universities shall be increased, where neceseary ; but that at all events, by a redistribution of subjects, or other arrangements, provision should be made for effectually teaching all the various branches of physical science. 3rdly. That professors and local teachers shall be appointed to give lectures on science in the chief provincial towns, for whose use philosophical apparatus shall be provided ; and that arrangements shall be made for testing by examination the proficiency of t►ose who attend such lectures. Chly. That the formation of museums and public libraries in such towns, open to all classes, shall b• encouraged and assisted in like manner as aid is now given to instruction in the principles of Art ; that all imposts shall by degrees be abolished that impede the diffusion of scientific knowledge; and inch donations of national publications be made as above mentioned. 6thl7. That more encouragement shall be given by fellow ships, increased salaries to professors, and other rewords, to the stady of physical science. _ . Thst an alteration shall be made in the present system of bestowing pensions; some annuities in the nature of good-service pensions be granted; and additional aid be given to the prosecution, redaction, and publication of scientific researches. 7thly. That an appropriate building, In some central situation io London, shall be provided at the cost of the nation, in which the principal scientific societies may be located together. Btbly. That scientific offices shall be placed more nearly on a level, in respect to salary, with such other civil ap pointments as are an object of ambition to highly educated men ; that the officers themselves shall be emancipated from all such interference as is calculated to obstruct the melons performance of their duties; and that new scientific offices shall be created in some cases in which they are required. 9thly. That facilities shall be given for transmitting and receiving scientific publications to and from our colonies and foreign parts. 10thly, and lastly. That a Board of Science shall be coa -1 stituted, composed partly of persons holding onion under the Crown, and partly of man of the highest eminence in science, which shall have the control and expenditure of the greater part at least of the public funds given for its ad vsncement and encouragement, shall originate applications for pecuniary or other aid to science, and generally per form such functions as are above described, touether with such others as Government or Parliament may think fit to impose upon it. The Duke of Rutland is about to receive a select party of friends st Longsbawie. The Duke of Northumberland has given 1001. to the fund of the ancient church of St. Mary's, at Berwick. The Archbishop of Armagh and Mrs. Dunbar, who have been on a visit to Lady Elizabeth Reyna% have returned to town from Sussex. His Oran departs in a few days for the archiepiscopal palace at Armagh. The Marchioness (Dowager) of Londonderry is at Wynyard-park, neer Stoekton•on-Tees. Her Ladyship leaves there in the course of the ensuing week, for (Wren Tower, her Ladyship's seat in Ireland. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston left town yestsrdey afternoon, for Bnsedlsnits, Hants. . . , Lord and Lady Wharncliffe and the Hon. Miss Wortley have arrived at Wortley Hall, Yorkshire, ler the autumn. The Hon. E. and Lady Susan Stuart Wortley and the Hon. George and Lady Louisa Lamellas have joined tue family circle amembled at Harewood Hall, Yorkshire, visit ing the Earl and Coaster of Harewood. Sir William and Lady Molesworth left town for Peaearrow.near Bothnia, yesterday. Lord John Russell left Rdinburgh by the express train for London on Thursday morning. Lord Aberdeen is at present on a visit to the Earl of Haddington, Tynloghaote, But Lothian. Both noble Lards attended envies In the parish, Whitekirk, last Sunday. Mr. A. J. B. Hope will meet the Conservative aleeton of Maidstone at the Corn Ezehsoge on Monday eriniag nest. The will of the late J. H. Vivian, Esq., M.P., for Swam*, has been proved in London under 200,0001. per sonalty; and that et the late Lord Dudley Stuart, M.P., ander 80,0001. The Royal Yacht Equedron Regatta was held at, the Squadron-house, C 0..., on Thursday night, and wee more numerously and fashionably attended than for many jean past. The costumes worn by the ladies were of the most tasteful and elegant description, and it was a most brilliant assemblage. The foundation ••stone of a new assize -hall, judge's lodgings, ite., has been laid at Taunton by the lore-lieute nant of the county, Lord Portman. _ _ The prospect;, hes been issued of a new cemetery company, incorporated by act of parliament, and by whom 1 160 acres of land have been secured seven miles from Lon don, near the Colney Hatch station of the Great Northern Railway. The capital ie to be 150,0001, in 61. shares, and the title is " The Gnat Northern Cemetery Company." We (Atheneum) have reason to believe that des perate attempts are being made to re open her Majesty's Theatre neat year. We (Yorkshire Gazette) have much gratification in congratulating ear sporting friends on the rich store of amusement which the programme of our York August meet• lug affords. When we state that upwiuds of 1,700 cove. are added to the various stakes, we at once give an assurance that the committee have dealt with the funds at their dis posal in no niggardly spirit. The interior of the grand stand has been decorated at considerable expense ; the exit rior has also been painted, as also the elegant iron palisades which form the enclosure. Upwards of 40W. have been expended since the last August Meeting in improving the course, and upwards of 1,000 yards of new railing have been erected. The °purse is in the finest possible order, and the committee have brought all the arrangements now ea nearly to perfection as ingenuity and liberality con devise. The Crimean medal was distributed yesterday by the Commandant of Portsmouth garrison to toe invalids in the Military Hospital, Parties, whose names were selected by the Queen at her Majesty's late visit. It was 'melancholy to remark the number of mane willed over on parade for whose owners the Royal distinction came "too late"— " dead " being the disheartening response. The death of Henry Colbore: EN., the eminent publisher, at hit reef dm', Bryanston4quars, is announced. LATEST - NEWS FROM ABROAD BATTLE THE TCHERNAICA. DEFEAT OF THE RUSSIANS. [The following appeared in the greater part of yesterday evening's impression, and wu exclusively indicated in the earlier copies] : WAR DEPARTMENT, Auouer 17. The following important telegraphs have been re. • I owed by Lord Penman: " VARNA, Aro. 16, 1.30 r.ic. "The Russians attacked the position on the Tuber nays this morning at daylight in great force. Tbs action lasted about three hours, but they were corn pletely repulsed by the French and Sardinians. " Further particulars will be sent." .. VARNA, 7.30 p.m. "The Russian attack of the morning was under the command of General Liprandi, with from 60,000 to 80,000 men. Their loss is estimated between 4,000 and 5,000. About 400 prisoners have been takeo. The loss on the side of the Allies is very smalL" FURTHER PARTICULARS. (MON ODE OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, FA c DAY. The Government has received the following de. •patch from General PClimier, dated last evening I (the 16th):— "For some days past rumours of intended attacks on the part of the Russians had excited our attention. "They realised their project this morning at day break against our lines on the Tchernaya; but is spite of the imposing masses which had been col lected during the night, the enemy was repulsed with great vigour by the troops of the Divisions of Gene rals Herbillon, Demme, Panchen:, and Morriss. " The Sardinians, posted on the right, fought bravely. "The principal effort was directed against the bridge of the Tracktar. " The Russians left numerous dead on the field, and we made many prisoners. "They were in complete retreat on Mackenzie's Farm at the moment when our reserve came up, u well as that of our brave allies, particularly the Eng lish cavalry. " The enemy received a severe blow. Onr losses, although much less numerous than hie, are not yet precisely known." TURIN, Ave. 17. General La Marmora writes u follows to the Minister at War: " KADIEOI, Ato. 16. " This morning the Russians, to the number of 60,000, attacked the lines on the Tchernaya. "Our watch-word was ' King and Country.' "The French despatches will say whether the Piedmontese were worthy to fight beside the French and English. They were very brave. "General Monte Viehio is dying. "We have 200 men put hors de combat. The lON of the Russians is considerable." RENEWED BOMBARDMENT OF SEBASTOPOL. WAR DEPARTMENT, FRIDAY. Lord Panmure has received the following intelli. Igenoe from General Simpson, dated CRIMEA, AVOUST 16. General PeEasier and I have decided on opening Bre from the English and French batteries at dawn to-morrow morning. FRANCE. __.__ (BY BU/MARINE AND BRITISH TELEGRAPH.) (PROW 011 R OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, SATURDAY MORNING. General Canrobert is created a senator. Her Majesty, Queen Victoria, will arrive at about half•past 6 o'clock p.m. The Maniteur invites Pa risians to show their respect and affection for their illustrious ally. The ex• Royal family of France visited Cimarron Castle yesterday, and the following autographs were entered in the visiting book :—" Marie Amilie," " Duc et Duchies. de Nemours," " Princess. de Salerne," "Duo et Duchess. d'Auniale." Her Majesty, who, on entering the castles leaned on the arm of the Duke de Nemours, was plainly attired in slight mourning, with a blue suashade, sad car ried a French parasol. Moat of the ladies of the Royal party wore hats. Accounts from Alexandria state that the waters of the Nile have risen two fathoms higher this year thin last, and this is considered so augury of an abundant harves t. A Paris correspondent of the Independance Belga amuse. himself with noticing rumours of an approaching visit of General Canrobert to Naples, on a Muratiit lion—the suing of Sicily to England, and the placing of as Imperial prince on the throne of Spain ! A Crimean correspondent cf the Journal de Co*. Andinople soya that it is as difficult new for tourists to visit the trenches before Sebastopol aa it would be to gain admis sion to a Cabinet Council or the private sitting-room of Queen Victoria. Westminster is to be made a new city. When the cheaps proposed by Mr. Pennethorae and Sir Charles Barry shall have been completed, that part of the capital will scarcely know itself.