The Express. — London, England, 1861-01-12 00:00:00

AU TEAS at MERCHANT, ta.PROFITS. Tap VI MOT SOMMOSO, imniskied. IL per 6. .1100111 SIMMS sod Ow, ALUMS PATVIT PORTMANTEAUS and TILAVIZLINIO nevA with moan LADIP.4' Dlginia TRUNK., DWIIM43 =Mtn ether (MI lesrartil 10)Xerv. WRITING and DIMMING CASKS. and Motive article. tar bow r cwWomilal travelling. Illustrated cseal.eenre fir NM if/ J 41.1X1e. We J. W. awl T. JZZanataetarer al OS. we' Hemet Melton and Milken Iwo sorprols oats. am,. is rig W. Wwwl. lawdes. ILIARKONII7IIB—NIW MODIL. A A camiii. max am 4 h p , sm. IftwAS4m•si. 41 . . : 1:NES'S HALL RESTAURANT, lkselit-stiget sail Model 7. Dlaimes. Lbw" Sts., for /mar. Ladies. as/ ememes. WX. DONALD, Proprietor. gbe el:Dregs. TO CORILEAPONDENT:I. toltentlameats tatealed for "lite itaprves London Evening Ple. suet be at the oglee, 10, goaverfastreet, by Two wore ea the day of publicetiva. H A VW &MCC!. Two MomomO, DOMAMB rOVII ME Mr. Butkolooe ✓ans, %Mort. Ml F. MayEtot, Mrm Wilkin. QUW LADY MILD AND Mil CHI WILEY . or, Harlequin sad a Homo us Eire Herr Colo, Tlielwelersys. Mks F.Wrlibt, Masa It Weekly Tr . Evlllllt4.l. TUZ CUIts:CAN 1110T11111 4 Years. A. Writ and Pechter.—And tlo• pasiamies. called ROBINsON eavios . or, tlarkvilla Priddy, aad The [lag of Ms Ca/ribbed Wanda.Ldr. Wanda. Wm.. &plows OUlidiatre, Mr. A. Forest. ST. 'mum TIM anima. TIM 181:10ifileilif12. Mews. A.Wlers aid lisarq. lira &Raiser= W1i5a...4•4 ma extrairspuna. =- NSW DYMIoN . or, no Nmightyligth•SCried ketholgoia. Mew" C. Mrs sod arm . rims filftwe,Marlat. t Swan. sarramm. rap twos& Tit PVNC E ADM 1111 0022. Yam& WA Pam. Jana loads, Baby. and . C. ilwa. Mn & Leek Mr. W. Claafard....And A NIPSAGI MOW TIM SRA. )Iron. Reynolds and ankylbma. Mi. C. Yarmulke. ■lOl WAS= AT 1011110 N MI MI TO DAT —.lko/4/6 l• /ti..— Ailerome. Ilk law To-Assam—llionlis Th. lea— Mums" 16. 4612. LONDON, SATURDAY, JAN. 12. The appeal made to the PIEMIZ/1 in favour of retrenchment in the national expenditure by mem bers of the Hones of Commons who last Session assented to estimates unusually large is equally well conceived and well timed. The public outlay of 1860 has no precedent in our national annals. Never before were so many millions voted by Parliament for the Civil Service of the State; and never befog, in time of peace were so many millions asked for by the Government and granted by the House of Commons for the defence of the country. Uninterrupted prosperity in needy all the great branches of industry has elate enabled the community to bear with patience the imposi tion of burdens in the aggregate so large. But it were folly to deny that should any contingency reduce materially the profits of capital and the wages of labour in any of our more important staples, the high rate of taxation, coupled with the enhanced prices current for most of the necessaries of life, would sorely try the tempers, and dangerously stir the thoughts of men. It would be no allevia tion of popular suffering, and no answer to popular reproach, for them who are responsible for the national outgoings to say, as they might un doubtedly say with truth, that when it was proposed seriously to augment the Esti mates and to increase the weight of taxa tion, no wide-spread murmurs were raised, and no formal protest was uttered by the nation. As regards the enhanced expenditure on certain object," and more especially on the Navy, it might indeed he said with truth that the only limits to the proposals of the /dialler were those suggested by hie own discretion. The smea ry had, wisely or unwisely, angered itself to be come possessed with the idea that it was in danger from a foreign enemy, who might at any moment land an army on our coast, and threaten the secu rity of our capital. Rightly or wrongly, the com munity harms possessed with this idea ; and the some of humiliation and hazard was so intolerable, that had the Ministers of the Crown demanded tarty millions instead of thirty as indispereable to avert the danger, Parliament, we believe, would have granted it, and the coestitomicies would m pereal have approved. But this can be no rearm why, under altered eiretundanose, anything re assab/ing the same lavish expenditure should take place again. Circumstance have very materially altered for the better during the last twelve months, and the people are entitled to have the benefit of the alteration. Our seedy quarrel with China is at an end ; our ties of amity with France have been signally and securely multiplied; the Italian question has advanced towards the settlement we all desire by steady and successive raided ; and the most incredulous alarmists of the old school of diplomacy have been compelled to cream that the struggles of one great nation for internal liberty need not involve the rest of Europe in war. The only two Powers besides France whose ill-humour upon any aooount would justify our raising as additional regiment or putting an additional ship in commission, are Russia and the United States ; but no some man will gravely say that we have at the present moment any cause for uneasiness from either. Even were it otherwise, a change has come over the spirit of the nation since Parliament met twelve months ago, which has wrought an essential change in its defensive condition. A supplementary army of defence having been wanted, the people have invented one, vast in numbers, brilliant in array, and matchless in morale. Instead of petitioning Parliament to enrol more regiments of the Line, to be fed, clothed, housed, and paid at enormous additional cost, 100,000 of us have enrolled our selves, submitted to drill, learned the use of the rifle, and proved to demonstration that without pay or punishment a peat army may be forth coming to defend the land against egression. We have never been of these who sought to exaggerate the importance of the Volunteer movement, nor do we now believe that it should be suffered to dis pense with the creation of a greet Local Militia, On the contrary,we adhere to the opinion we have always expressed, that, under the more permanent form of strictly Lana Militia, the Volunteer move ment might be married further than it has yet been with honour and advantage ; and now that we are on the eve of gettingrid el that blundering substitute an Embodied Militia, destitute by its faulty or ganization of all the best qualities of the force we have so earnestly and importunately advocated, we are not without hopes that during the coming session we may see a beginning made towards the establishment of such a force as one of the greet instillations of the country. We do not believe that anybody grudges the amount voted hat year for the Navy ; and if it can be shown that no , materiel reduction in that department can be sigooted during the present year, we do not think the public will be disposed to parable. It is dear that to go on spending seventy-two tailbone annually, in the Naiad of profound peace, is utterly out of the question. Were an unpropi tious turn to come in trade, the thing could not be done at the instance of any Minister or by the criminal aid of any Parliament. Well, then, it is THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 12, 1861. not just or honest in the Legislature or in the Government to take advantage of the easy loyalty of the people to tax them beyond what is actually required. Either all that has been said publicly and repeatedly by men in high station as to their belief in the advantages of peace, and their con viction of the worth of our Volunteer Army, is hypocritical and false, or we ought to be enabled to reap the good of it. No foreign Power threatens us with outrage or with insult. No sedition at home or in any of our dependencies calls fur un usual exertions. fu the unlooked-for event of some misunderstanding arising with Russia, France, or America, we are immeasurably better prepared than we have been any day during the last half century to repel attack and to hold our own. Wherefore, then, should we go on senselessly ex hausting the resources of national strength and the means of national improvement by levying two pounds ten shillings a head on every man, woman, and child in the United Kingdom? The thing is intolerable ; and certainly will not be tolerated. And if in preparing the way for important reduc tions in the Estimates of the present year it shall be found necessary to cut down largely items of domestic expenditure as well as those which are classed under the various heads of Military Defence, we are satisfied that public opinion will steadily sustain those whose efforts are devoted to the ac complishment of that useful work. Mr. GLAD STONE gave us last year a great reform of tax ation ; we hope that he may give us this year an equally striking reform of expenditure. The address to Lord Paten-ere:4 which we printed yesterday bore the signatures of fourteen mem- 1 ben of the House of Commons, well known for their attachment to Liberal principles, and all of them reckoned as amongst the best supporters of the Ministry. The document is in course of further signature, and we doubt not it will receive era long great additional support. Its intrinsic weight, however, is that which gives it its peculiar value, far more than any array of ISSOINS could do. Lord PALMICILSTON has ever shown himself a shrewd discerner of the signs of the times. When opinion took head in the direc tion of expenditure, and rushed eagerly if not blindly on, its skilful rider gave it rein, and laughed as be gallopped by the few who would have had him stop. But opinion has now slackened its pace considerably, and shows itself somewhat tired of the course it has run ; it is certainly in no mood to go over the same ground again just now, and no amount of whipping or spurring will succeed in compelling it to do so. Lord PALIIIIIIIATON may as well, therefore, go through the dignified form of seeming to pull sp in time, rather than provoke resistance from a steed that has carried him thus far so welL THE objections which have been made to the zealous and benevolent proceedings of Mr. Knox, the Worship-street Magistrate, by some of his I brethren on the bench, are not altogether tunes seeable, if viewed exclusively from an official point of view. It is no part of a magistrate's duty to be a relieving officer. Doing his duty to the very foot of the letter, as the French say, he is not called upon to become a public almoner. It may be difficult to under' stand how any man can preside during this terrible Beason in • Police-court—which is the very centre and focus of distress--and refrain from making any effort in his power to relieve it : yet he may hesitate—however willing he may be to increase his own already sufficiently harassing duties—to impose fresh labour on his subordinates: the labour and pain ci inquiring into the cases of Ellisery and starvation which are presented to the magietrate's notice. Some people—the easy-going smoothers of the benevolent world--are charitable simply with money. They pay, and have done with it. They take no trouble. They give nothing but that which they can very well spare, but giving even that they do a great modicum of good. Others give their time, their persomal energy, their judgment, their sympathy, and their money too. Mr. Knox, of Worship street, and the officers under him, are of the latter elms. After a hard day's work, the magistrate devotes himself—as we learn from the police re ports—to the harrowing dotal* presented in num berless letters, of abject wretchedness never equalled except when weather like the present produce* want of work, and sharpens the necessity for warmth and food, which want of work makes it impossible to obtain. Mr. Ksox, and the other magistrates who have followed his laudable ex ample, may well despair of making any general impression upon the vast amount of slimy sawed within the districts of their respective courts ; but they do something. By the aid of their officers, they take care that the money placed at their dis posal by the public is well bestowed. Yet even if the funds at their command were ample—end they actually form but a very inadequate resource— the staff of a Police-court is so small, that, even were the contributions to the poor-box more ample, mane of proper distribution would be wanting. In praising the magistrate for his well-directed exertions, let us not overlook his subordinates. It is no light sacrifice for a police officer attached to the courts to give up the leisure well earned, after a whole day's standing about, to travelling about from house to house, and witnessing scenes of suf fering and despair which the means entrusted to him are very inadequate to lessen. The affluent contribute to the poor-box according to their means—come their ten or five pounds, or sove reign, or even single shilling. But see what a much greater proportion of his means the humble umber, or messenger, or warrant officer gives when be foregoes the comforts of his little home, and sallies forth till far into the night, helping in the work of charity ! Work after office hours ever so hard, however, he can do but little ; tied that more may be done, where pecuniary means are great enough at the police court, we propose to the more intelligent and favoured inhabitants of each district that cer tain of them should volunteer their services to aid the magistrate and his staff in their inquiries— should in fact present themselves to the bench as • ready-made district visiting society. No doubt many valuable secessions to the poor-box are with held, the intending donors feeling that it is impos sible to ensure their gifts being bestowed with reasonable discrimination. The suggestion we make, therefore, would tend to increase the fund, while it would facilitate the judicious distribution of it. TO MILLAR FUND. —The committee give asthma lid Urns esearts will be given in aid of this ftsid—ene by the Vocal Association, directed by Mr. Refeedks, as tie 28th January instant ; one by the Royal MI Opals andantes, directed by Kr. Alfred YeUoo, oa the 441 lebrawy nest ; sad one by Mr. Leslie's Choir, * directed by Mr. H. Leslie, oa the 7th Merck next. Further parlioalsre will shortly be announced. WIUTERALL, JAN. 10.—T110 Qoaen has been to direct lettere palest to be prod midst the Gnat fit sed vnating the dignity eta Baron of the United Engem of Great Britain and Ireland onto the Hight Heneenabla Sidney Herbert and to the heirs male of hie body kw lb b eg at... by t h e alma style, and title of Baran Harbert of Lea, in the county of Wilts. —Gonne. Els 60KM osmium Jam. The Prince Consort, attended by Major Du Plat, visited the forts near Gosport yesterday. The Queen's dinner party included the Prince of Walla. Prince Alfred, Princess Alice, Colonel the Holt Sir C. B. Phipps, Major Cowell, and Use Rev. G. Prother° Despatches were sent yesterday to the governors of the North American provinces, Ciairaliar, and Mslts, and to the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands. WINTEIOR. JAN. 11. TU-MOITOW the Queen and the Prince Consort, the Prince of Wales, and the other members the royal family and suite, will return from Osborne, l,le of Wight, to Windsor Castle, where the court will :Vll7llllO until Monday, the 4th of February, when her Majety will go to Buckingham Palace, for the purpose of openirg the houses of parliament. The court will them remain in town for the wring swam. The Duke of Cambridge, as General Commanding ia-Chief, held • levee yesterday afternoon at the Horse• guards. There was • immense attesdeace d odleen. The Earl and Countess of Derby are entertaining the following circle at Knowsley Park :—The Earl and Constar of Chesterfield and Lady Evelyn Stanhope, Viscount Canterbury, Lord Colville, Lord Stanley, Colonel the Pim W. P. and Lady Emma Talbot, Has. Miav Wil braham, Has. Captain Talbot, Hoc Captain Stanley, Sir Robert Gaud, Mr. Allen Bathurst, sad Mr. C. Leslie. The Earl and Countess de Grey and Ripon left Cositoo.ganlens on Thursday, for Newby Hall, war Ripon, in consequence of the receipt of intelligence of the alarm ing °militias of Mr. Tyner, occasioned by a fall from hie hone. The marriage of Lieutenant-Colonel Cost, of the Grenadier Guards, with Lady Florence Locales, is fixed to take place at the Duke of Buceleuch'a seat, Dalkeith Palace, saw Edinburgh, ea the 29th inst. We (Times) have meson to believe that Mr. Darius will Neeeped Lard De Grey as Under Secretary of State far the War Department, sat* ender the sew Lord Harbin ; sad that Lord De Gray will take Mr. Daring's place is the India-Aloe, and represent that department is the Howse of Lards. At the last meeting of the Royal Society the Bight Hon. Sir William Erie was admitted a fellow. A paper was read by Mr. W. Shaw, giving a description of a new optical instrument, called the stereotrope. This in strument is an application of the principle of the stereo ' scope to that does of instruments variously termed thainn &tropes, phantracopes, &c., which depend for their results on " panistenee of viaion." The Prince Consort leads, with s subscription of twisty galena, a project for acquiring from the traders of KW Demean a entails portion of the drawing, and de dies of Plasma, with a view to their bring placed in the hail of Univenity College. Four or live hundred pounds are raid to be required by the promoters of this scheme. . A private view of the Photographic Society's sawed Munition will be held this day (Saturday). Visitors to the Zoological Gardens, young and mid, will be merry to learn, from the Atheneum onto-day, that the noble Nubian lion has died from the effect' of the very severe cold. He was apparently quite well in the 'mkg and in the morning he was found dead in his den. A poet *torten examination disclosed the sad fact that he had died from exposure to the intense cold, no orpnic dimes having been detected. The Zoological Society bane, we regret to and, lost many animals by the severity of the weather. A proposal is on foot for giving a commission to Bares Marochetti to execute a statue of the Black Prince, to be placed opposite that of King Richard in Palace-yard. The authorities are busily engaged on the new cede of regulations for the volunteer force of Great Britain, sad it le expected that it will be ready kw true in a week or tee dips. On Thursday evening a lecture was delivered by the Right Boa. Q. D. Addleley, ALP., to the members sad fries& of the Akkmiey Library sad Maerowe, ea the hie et the he. Dft Bobwt Pod. IL D. MIL DK., Roowder el itirmis‘tesa. oesapied the ark. Mr. and BIM Marks Kean appear in the PL] of gam, at Drury-Lae, on the 28th. Herapai today on ;—" In conaequence of some dilemma of opinion with his colleague. at the board, the Marquis's, Chandos,ehninnan of the London and North Wasters Ballow Ownpany, tendered his resignation on &sudsy Li" and N appear. that his lordship's resignation liaa base astaptaii" The Dwain Beating Mail, referring to Baron Graeae, mays :—" This emissat judge has placed the resig nation of he ..at in the Osnit of Exchequer in the hands tb. gertrament. Verioss rumours are afloat respect* oessegoast promotions sad Armee, but we are amthied to state that seething wbetever has es Tot bees arraeged." The Roniau catholic bishops of Ireland are shoat to issue • usaifers prebastaas clerical patrons of Rama catholic erect' hoes wading their teachers to any of the motel or Mar* schools in connexiou with the National Board. and also deciaring that Roman catholic parses arm not employ in an, away capacity, pupils, ambers, papa timbers, or towbars who may enter say of these tribalism after the date of such prohibition. dune of lb. Rama Istholie prelates have, in fact, already promulgated this abet within their respective dioceses. "We understand," says the Biesppore " that Lord =lglu will proceed from the Potho to Japan, and after see* how matters are progressing there will vWt Masai, and, d his time permit, Java, on his way to flees. He will no doubt teas► at Ilbsppon, bat it is mid he will eat call at Hoag Hong, errs the cruse of events Month render an alteration of his present arrangements expedient." GREAT FLOODS IN HOLLAND. (MON • AlielliDAld, JAN. 9. The great enemy of Holland—water--haa again pat forth its Snag* and broken down the duns which protected households and farms front its devaidatissn The eassesee =ass et now which he,, Lately fans ha= 'won= the riven to • festal extent, sad the SNIIMM, im peded in their amiss by the sat aocumulations al ice which have formed in different parts of the pria cipal rivers, have burst their arditial birdies, and in thaw distractive career swept sway hoses, tress, and stile. The wretched inhabitants of the inundated districts, driven from their home' asked sad foodless in this inclement season, are is a stet* of destitaticn scarcely conceivable by those whose happy privilege it is "to live at home at ease." They never had much, but what they had is irevocably lost ; and were it not for public charity, they most die of cold and starva tion. The =drowned cattle have collected in the higher localities, whence it is impossible to rescue them, so that they cassia within the narrow compass of a dam-top tin, =ls= with cold, they drop dead. The whole scene is described se houttreading—beyond the power of woeds to describe. Morel eabisiptioes are pouring in from all parte of the country for the relief of the poor creatures suffering frank this great eilimity, which, I am sorry to add, is extending ia every dinettes. A TRENCH' MICRON IN CANTON. (From yesterday's Moniteer.) An important concession has just been obtained all Coates, and one is medcemity with the liberal clauses inserted in the treaty of pesos signed at Pekin. The Viceroy has granted to our miasionaries, for the erection of • catholic church, a magoiEeent site, situated in Canton itself, on which, before the oomipation of that tows, stood the palace of the famous Governor Yelk. For two years the French authorities have demanded that there should be given up to the bishop of the two Konangs at least • portion of the ground which was formerly appro priated to the catholic setabhshincmta, sad the passesson of which were driven away and plundered as the occasion of the last persecutions of ChlidiADS in the Celestial Empire. Although the Chinas authorities had recognised in prin. cipis the legitimacy of a restitution of this nature, they umd a great ninny expedients to serape from it. Our suocess in the north has happily put a term to their ill.will , and the church, which will be built without delay, will soon evince in a striking manner the solicitude of the Emperor's govern. most for the religious interests placed under the traditional protection of France in the extreme seat. The of our taildsessfse in this quarter will besides be d service to everyind7 at Centou. for it will prove sod ensisida the right, alwuys hitherto refused to foreigners, of having free access to the interior of that town. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE SIEGE OF GAETA. VIENNA, SATURDAT, NOON. The French Ambassador yesterday officially in formed Count Rechberg that the French Beet will leave Gaeta on the 19th instant. —(Times, second edition.) ITALY. TURIN, &MOAT. The reports that General Fanti had resigned and that the political committees were enrolling volun teers are both unfounded. Farini has been appoir.ted Secretary of the pri vate Cabinet of the King. TURIN, Jws. 11. To-day the National Bank raised its rate of discount to 7 per cent. NAPLES, JAN. W. The popular demonstration which was announced for to-day has not taken place. It is expected that the Council of Lieutenancy will tender its resignation. A decree has been published granting pensiou-4 to the poor priests. FRANCE. PARIS, SATURDAY. The Muniteur of to-day says :—" The report that a change would take place in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs is without any foundation. The Emperor never thought of depriving himself of the enlightened and devoted concurrence of M. Thou vertel." HUNGARY. VIENNA, SATURDAY. Thu Wiener Zedit)ig of to-day anutakus an ha penal autograph appointing Count George Apponyi Jude: Curie for Hungary, in the place of Count Crirakya. SPAIN AND MOROCCO. MADRID, JAIL 11. The Epoca says :—" The Moors not having ful filled the stipulations of the treaty, it is said that Spain is about to occupy the principal forte in Morocco." A solution of the difference between Spain and Venezuela is shortly expected. UNITED STATES. QUEENSTOWN SATURDAY. The Royal Mail stemnahip Persia, Captain Jud kiwi, from New York on the 2nd inst., arrived here at &NS a.m. to-day, landed all mails except those for Liverpool, and proceeded at 8.30 a.m. All well. The Persia brings 37 passengers. She was off the port at 1 a.m., but could not communicate owing to the foggy weather. The secession movement ib3wed no important development. It was said that the seizure of public property at Charleston met with little sympathy from the Southern members of Congress. The President was engaged on his special message respecting the action of South Carolina. The com mittee on the state of the Union had not been able to agree. On the /st inst. Mr. Benjamin made a seceseion speech in the Senate, declaring that the South could never be subjected to the North, whereupon great confusion ensued in the galleries. In the house, resolutions were passed by a majority of 43, that the employment of force was impracticable. The military preparations at Charleston were actively Progressing. GOILKERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, Sler Dec., EvaNzeo. The bank returns to-morrow are expected to show an in crease in the reserve of specie. The state of the money market is more satisfactory. The rate for the choicest paper is 10 par sent. Exchange closed firm. Bankers bills, UM j to 106. Commercial bills, 103 to 104. The cotton market is firmer with good demand. Sales to-day 4,000 bales, on the basis of 11 g for middling upland. At the close of the market some holders demanded Me. Flour is less active, the firmness of frights checking sales. The market closed firm at quotations. Wheat no. changed. Corn firm in good demand. Pork firm. Sugar steady. Freights firm. NEW ORLEANS, Dec. 29. Sales of cotton to-day, 10,000 bales. Middling upland, 111 c. to laic. Freights for cotton to Liverpool, fd. LIVERPOOL. SATURDAY. The Royal Mail steamer Niagara, which sailed to day for Halifax and Boetou, took 190,0001. in specie. SPECIE FOR BOMBAY. SOUTH &11.PrON, JAN. 12. _ _ _ The Peninsular and Oriental Company's Mesmer Elora, nailing to-day, takes out for Bombay in specie, gold, 16,3601. and about 380,0001. in silver. WEST COAST OF AFRICA. LIVIZPOOL, SATURDAY. The Royal Mail steamship Armenian, the last African mail, arrived here at 11 p.m. last even ing. She brings 27 passengers, 1,700 ounces of gold and a full cargo. Her dates are Fernando Po, Nov. 29 ; Cameroon*, Dec. 1 ; Old Calabar, 3 ; Bonny, 7 ; Brass, 7 ; Nim, 7 ; Benin, Nov. 24 ; Lagoa, Dec. 10 ; Aocia, 12 ;Cape Coast, 14 ; Cape Palmas, • Sierra Leone, 21 Bathurst, 25 ; Teneriffe, Dec. 31 ; Madeira, Jan. 3. Her Majesty's ship Wringer and the United States ship San Jacinto were at Fernando Po. The United States gunboat Sumpter and Her Majesty's ship Bloodhound were at Lagos. News from the coast unimportant. SUPPOSED WRECK. PLYMOUTH, FarDAT. The screw•stesmer Ibis reports that this after noon, off Deadman, she fell in with the spar deck of a large ship with the skids and gripe for boats attacha, and painted lead colour. The wreck is supposed to have taken place recently. A letter from Rome, in the Independence B e i ge , states that Signor thillesia, the Times correspondent, hes been again =plied to leave the city. A letter frdln Verona states that the number of high commands in the Austrian army in Venetia Is being diminished. This measure is said to originate in a dein to lessen expense, and at the same time to give pester free dom of action to the oarnmander.in-chief. In consequence of heavy falls of snow in the mountains of Oeaw department of the Var, a number of wolves have to the seighbouriag villages, sad committed ravages moos the d ock s. At Ca asv ea lambs were devoured, and the sheep with them having been attacked, were more or less injured. At Grave one wolf was killed. Tors AIIPPRA LIAN EXPLORING EX PRDITION. Mr. Leaden., the second in command of the Victorian Exploring Expedition, has resigned hie post, and returned to Melbourne. Dr. Backber, surgeon to the expedition, has also resigned.,Both resignations have been accepted 1/ the Royal Society, who have approved of the proceedings of Mr. Burke, the leader. Mr. Landoll.' own statement con doms him. His infirmities of temper have bad much to do with the amen of him resignation ; and more hope than ever a now entertained of the ultimate reccess of the party. Mr. Burke by this time is at Cooper's Creek, pre paring for the journey into the interior. Since the depar ture of thin expedition, Mr. Stuart, the adventurous South Australian exper, has returned from a succeedul rush, in which he penetrated to latitude 18.17 South, and longitude 134 East--a point to the north of the line of the Gulf of Carpentaria, and which virtually completes the line of discovery to the north, as it overlap that to which ex =trema the north have penetrated southwards. Mr. reports the interior of the island as fit for pastoral purposes and settlement, and his experience explodes the sots= of a contrail desert. Mr. Stuart has &gun set out with a larger party, for whom a vote was made by the South Anstrahan parliessat, to complete his journey to the seacoast. Is ekima es to Mr. Stout's discoveries ham been sent to Mr. Barks by special messenger, and it has bees left to him top northwards, or to turn westward towards the meet, as he gm detirroise.—Measserne Arggs, Nov. 24. INDIA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIA. THE CALCUTTA MAIL. A COMMiAlliOn has been appointed to inquire into the conduct of some European officials in Ouc who are alleged to have purchased government securities under questionable circumstances during the mutinies. The volunteers in India are estimated at 2,000. The Bengal government has decided that teachers in government schools may give religious instruc tion out of school hours, if they choose to do so. The Viceroy held a durbar at Patna on the 28th November. His lordship was to be at Benares on the 6th instant. Intelligence has been received that Dr. Camp bell and his party retreated on the 30th of Novem ber from their position in Sikkim, and arrived on the morning of the let at Cloak, within British territory, where they found a party of the 73rd Native Infantry, and 50 Europeans who had been sent out from Darjeel to their relief. The commercial advices are an follows : CALCUTTA, Dec. 8. EICHANOL —A rather large business has been done in bills on London during the past fortnight at an advance upon previous rates. Bank bills have sold at from 2-14 to 2-14. Credits at from 2.14 to 2-11, and doctunentaryet 2.14 ; these rates may be considered the closing quotations. he China rate is nominally 220 Rs. per 1W dole., but lower rates are anticipated. On Mauritius MI has been paid for 60 days sight. Govzitstuarr Bscuarra.s.—.Some transactions have been reported in government paper at lower rates. Say 100.8 for the 54 per cent., 94-8 to 95 for the 5 per cent., sad 79-8 to 80 for the 4 per cent. ; but it would be difficult to well say amount at these or was lower prices, as there are few burets, and seller. are only waiting their opportunity to do so. Yowls lLutzwr. —There is • little more inquiry for mossy, •ed rates are somewhat higher. The indigo sales and the investment of funds by the banks in exchange will probably tend to a further advance. CHINA. The last accounts from China stated that the ratifications of the treaty of Tientsin had been exchanged, and a convention entered into contain ing such important new stipulations OA the opening of Teintain as a port of trade, and the re moval of the interdict on emigration from China. The Overland China Mail of Nov. 22 says : The consent of the Emperor to the treaty was received, and, having been ported all over the walls of hada, was read by crowds of astonished natives, who oonld scarcely believe their own eyes on beholding such an instance of imperial condescension. Our advioes make no mention of the convention of Pekin having been published in a similar manner, and we trust that such an inadvisable step will not be insisted en, as it may very likely cause new difficulties, and the substantial results gained from the Chinese are too important to be imperilled for the sake of subjecting them to further barren humiliation. Several ceremonial visits woo then exchanged at the Imperial Palace, between Prism Kong and the English and French ambassadors, and on these occasions less of the "undisturbed sulkiness' was displayed. On the 7th in stant the army was under orders to proceed to Tientsin, but its depsrttut was delayed is order to give eclat to the introduction of Mr. Bruce to the Chinese officials. That gentleman arrived on the Bth; sad on the same day he was introduced to Prince Kling by Lord Elgin—on which suasion polite remarks were made by all the chief parties. Oa the 9th, Lord Elgin, Mr. Brace, and their suite left Nide, and proceeded by the river to Tientsin. Mr. Ad kins, of the Consular service, was left in Pekin, to make preparations for Mr. Bruee's residence there. Re is the only English official left in the capital; and, after recent events, the courage he has thus displayed is worthy of admiration. Mr. Adkins was in one of the gunboats sunk at the mouth of the Peiho in 1859 ; so, for a non•oom• Intent, he has certainly had more than his share of the danger. Count Ignetief, the Russian ambassador, has already established himself in Pekin, and intends to remain there throughout the winter, while the Hon. Mr. Bruce winters at Tientsin, along with a portion of the army, and does not proceed to the capital until early in spring. The allied army left Pekin about the 10th, and a portion of the movement onwards was partially effected is boats. On the 17th instant, which is oar latest data, the whole of the army bad reached Tientsin, with the exception of 1,500 men, who were waiting at Ho•si•wu. Oar latest date from the Takla forte is the 19th instant, at which time a portion of the army was being rapidly sent off, and of those troops many have already arrived in Hong Kong. Major-General Sir Robert Napier, with a portion of his staff, arrived here on the 27th inst. The Chesapeake, Admiral Hope's flag. slip is expected begs shortly ; and it is understood that Admiral Jones mends to Japan, with a squadron, in order to make a moral demonstration. Ti the neighbourhood of Shanghai the rebel, are again displaying some activity ; and it was reported by the Toutee of that plam that 400 boat•full, of them were on their way to attack it. They had beaten the Imperialist forces at Tainghoo and at Sunkeong. At Ningpo, on which the rebels are believed to be march ing, the greatest terror prevailed. At Amoy the Dock Company continues its labours with 'nooses ; and at Swatow, or in its neighbourhood, NOVA at• tempts have been made to kidnap coolies, one lorcha full of them having been despatched to Macao. At Canton an important concession has been obtained from the Governor-General, chiefly, we understand, through the exertions of Mr. Hart. Permission has been g iven to the 80-peep, • foreign steamer, to run in some of the inland widen and trade with Hum-chook, • village among the silk villages to the west of Canton, and also to £ffiek-loong, • vabge from whence s•gar may be exported in large quan tities, in the Toonkoon district. This is the beginning of what may be an immense carrying traffic. AUSTRALIA. The Australian mail again brings news of a minis terial crisis at Melbourne. The ever-resigning, ever resuming Nicholson ministry has at length resigned for what there is reason to believe is the last time. For the first time for upwards of a year the quantities of gold brought down by escort show an increase on the corresponding period of last year. The difference is not very great, but it is on the right side ; "and we have every reason to hope," says the Melbourne Herald of Nov. 24, That our ',aorta will soon show a very considerable im• provement. Many of our mining companies are getting to work, and improvements are being daily made in the machinery employed upon the goldfields. During the post five weeks, the escorts have brought to Melbourne 20Z857 oz. of gold, as compared with 199,490 oz. in the corresponding period of the preeeding year ; the total amounts being 2,011,384 on. in 1859 ; and 1,823,336 oz. in 1860, showing a deficiency for the present year of 188,048, equivalent to 752,192. The shipments during the fear weeks ending the 17th November were 253,670 oz. this year, and 136,225 oz. during the last ; the total quan tity exported up to the present period of 1860 being 1,899,224 oz. The following were the shipments for the week ending November fl 1880. 1859. 1854. Week ending. Oz. Os. Oz. Oct. 27 .... 150,363 .... 7,780 80,855 Nov. 3 .... 32,854 .. 5 ,540 M 41.4 M 10 .... „ 17 .... 70,453 .... M,992 23,588 Total In the general commercial report we read : The month past, though not distinguished by any *peen. Wive movementa, or by say extr►ordinary fluctuations, has upon the whole been one of more than average activity. Complaints of dulness are not altogether >.ileaced ; but there ia a far more general feeling of satisfaction and hope, sad the belief that better dap+ are approaching is becoming daily more prevalent. Among other OMNI that have contributed to this effect may be specified the intelligence of declining shipment+, as brought by the last mail. For many months past the hope of on. provemeot consequent upon the arrival of the English mail has been but very partially fulfilled. This month, however, we have already had reason to think that the result will be more satisfactory. There appears to have been a decided diminution in the amount of shipments for our ports, though it is not wise to build too much upon thir fact, as the decrease may soon be made up by exceoke shipments during the following months. THE WAR IN NEW ZEALAND. BATTLE OF MOHOETAHI.—DEFEAT OF THE NATIVES. We have received New Plymouth papers to the 10th of November. We quote from the Taranaki Herald of that date the following important news: The most brilliant and desperately contested action ever yet recorded in the annals of New Zealand, was fought , 41 the 6th of November, at Mohoetahi. On one side were arrayed the Waage., resolved to win the day, and deluded with the notion (since expressed by one of the prisoners) that they had only to fire a few rounds to accomplish this ; and on the other side our own !ones were arrayed, equally resolved to conquer, and allay the presumption of the enemy. _ _ _ The main body of the Waikatos lay in a raupo swamp, well concealed from observation, and another body occupied an entrenchment on the creed of ?dohoetahi hill, in which were some entrenched whares. The ti-ith detachment, which had formed the advance guard during the march from town, now f ame d a li ne o f skirmishers, under Lieutenants Ballie and Tolrer, at the base of the hill, and extended towards their right. This body was commanded by Capt. Tamer. The Ride Volunteers continued this extension towards the left, under the direction of Major Herbert ; and the 40th Regiment, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Leslie, wets mused in columns, forming the reserve, while the detach. meat 12th Regiment, under Major Hutchins, which hal formed the rear-guard during the march, now remained In charge of the baggage and spare ammunition, &c. Th e detachment at Royal Artillery, under Captain Strayer and ',boatman' Mlianghten, rendered, as usual, important service. The whole fore, was commanded by liajor•General Pratt, C. 8., who throughout the engagement occupied a furetuaat Orme, and waa much exposed to the hot and rapid fi re o f hta determined enemy. The Waikatos commenced the action by firing the Ent shota from an old entrenched position on the crest of Mahoetahi hill. This was quickly returned by the skit. mistier% and after a short fire the 65th and volunteer. rushed up the hill, and stormed that position. In performing this service they were exposed to heavy flanking fires, but it was not until they had entered the entrenchment. that they experienced any loss. Within I that confined space a heavy fire from the eatreached ' whams laid low the gallant son of the Rev. H. H. Brown, a volunteer, not sixteen years of age, and private F. Rooney, light company 65th Regiment, while tattler towards the left Mr. Henry Edgecombe, aged 20, also of the volunteers, received his mortal wound. Here Canted; Turner was struck in the face by • musket ball, and Cola. nel Sillery slightly wounded. A rush was now made on the where', and the bayonet speedily silenced all further an noyance. This service was accomplished by some 65th sod Rifle Volunteers. Some shells thrown into the raw swamp canted the Waikato' to quit their lairs, and no. commenced the work of extermination, for a detechmett of the 40th, under Major Nelson, and a company of the 65th, under Lieutenant Talbot, from Waiters (the latter advancing in beautiful skirmishing order), came up from the north side of the hill, and the light company of the 650, led on by Lieutenant Urquhart (then forming a flank gaud), closing on their centre, together with a good show of Ride Volunteers, the rebels were almost surrounded. Men dashed into the swamp, and a hand.to-hand mender followed ; and the bayonet and the butt end of the rifle, when the bullet had missed, speedily convinced the brave 1 enemy that the avenger was at hand. They commenced their retreat, still fighting with desperate valour, and io one of these encounters private M'Givern met his fate, though not before the enemy had felt the effects of has prowls.. They gradual) got in the Huirangi.road, fol. lowed by • part of the 65th, under Lieutenants Urquhart and Talbot , their retreating steps marked by pools of blood, and • dorm of shot and shells bursting over and am them. In their terror they threw away their arms sad puchee, and any article of clothing that impeded their Bight, sad the winters followed them to near the Wain. gana river, when fistigue alone compelled them to desist, for the day had been intensely hot without a breath of air. i; The "safe in the swamp bad been a succesdon of der perste hand-to-hand encounters, and many instances of courage were exhibited on both sides. Private Gilligan, 65th, shot one Waikato, and brained another with the butt end of his ride. Many other daring acts were witnened, but must remain unrecorded ea the Individuals could not be identified. But the bayonet played a conspicuous par in the exciting scene. When all but the dead and mortally wounded Waite to had disappeared, a reconnoitring party, under Major General Pratt, compoeed of the 12th, supported by it 65th., proceeded to Mgatalparirua and came in sight of, pah having a red flag flying, but it was speedily hauled down, and a white flag half-mast high succeeded it. T h e party then proceeded round by Puketakauere, and thew returned to Mahoetahi. In the course of the attempt after having buried in one grays some 28 or 29 Waikato. the main body returned to the town (baying left a strict force to retain possession of the field of kettle) laden with Maori spoils, in the shape of double•berrelled guns, ens. melds, shawls, &c. lea., many battered and bloody, provic; they had not been parted with willingly. On the force passing the town barrier, loud and coctiried cheers proved to them that their conduct was duly sipe dated by their countrymen. The lid of casualties will prev• wbo bore the brunt of the day :--135th Regte, 2 killed. I ' wounded, 1 officer ditto ; Volunteers, 2 killed, 4 wounded. 40th Bee., 1 wounded. The following were the casualties' : KILLED. 65th Regiment.—W. WGivere, F. Rooney. Volunteers.—F. Brown, IL Ederecontbe. Lieutenant-Colonel C. Sinewy, D.Q.K.G., slightly. 40th Regiment.—K. JUKay, 65th Regiment.—Captain Turner, severely ; Sergeant J. Knight, severely ; Boyden, v ery severely ; T Colt man, severely ; P. Connelly, severely ; H. Gibson, slightly. D. M'Brierty, very severely ; W. C. Ray, severely Whitlow, severely ; G. Wilmot, very severely; J. Wry. dangerously ; Corporal W. Roberts, slightly. Yolnuteers.—.J. Ward, slightly ; R. Lai:lvan, shet ll 7;l W. Terme, slightly ; T. Veale, slightly. The special correspondent of the Nelson Ei• amber, writing from Taranaki on the Bth of Nor., says : The following are the moonlike of the natives as for .0 can yet be ascertained : Killed (including the head chief, Tai Portitu) . Wounded (linos dead 4) Prisoner Killed (lona in the high fern this morning) .11 forming a total of 43 killed on the 6th, 3 wounded. 1 prisoner. The three chiefs of the party were brought into town f burial, the rest were buried on the field. The funeral' have just taken plate, and the youth of tai volunteers gave additional gloom to the occasion Mr. Brown ' s son was only fifteen, but he has been several time. under fire. He was fairly in the pith, and was crowing (ow the open space when be was shot by a native concealed is a house. Edgeoombe, who was twenty, was aroachint • native he had shot, to sieze his gun as a trooy. wheuks was abet by him in return. By arrangement of the oh. Lary authorities, the G.sth bore them to the grave volunteers and militia performing this last office for the:: fallen. The Mr/bov my A rgie observea of the above new- • Hitherto the great obstacle to the sumnissfulprosteutbe of the war has been the impossibility of meeting any coo tamable number of the enemy in the open field- It reinforcement to their numbers, it is probable tha t they t he rebels a t; they would venture arm closer quarters with etr troops. The secession o the Waikato tribe would gi' Wireutni Kingi • bode of fighting men larger, thus the whole British force in the northern Wood . d Pro w v i ° t k h e "a seer and he might be then tempted to try the fortune of WA , 2 the open field ; which would be to give every advantage the British troops. Hitherto the Maori leader ha, be r content to wage a partisan war in the recesses of his o r forests, where the thick tangled growths are • bent protection than the most formidable fortress. Eyes " !V I A. are iwa no r % ü b a u ti t rulld i e t fen s r o l e ed, ms thrL we irjh ly drea;l ro o f ba . b , , t , that another snob opportunity as that at Maboetan will be affaeded to the general. Should this repels , therefore. hare the e ff ec t of bringing l o t* the fie.° lar ge a body of rebels as that thee will not are to folios their old tactics of hiding in 'beloved., it ii:er6. bly ti: is the opr Naso brig t s t b i' t ee f ly t zeasaanew t : lai 3•ed :outu vrh : Bnt i t te ch iahutchth in e c a e o roh l: imi on foofim ha o idito f T m e gi ah ilinuv ie t ha rwa wa Pre .trieg r : . wvount the lay. The greatest calamity which could happen " natural war, should be permitted to endure e01"'13 an breed a permanent estrangement between the two rat. If peace is to be restored and the British supremacy 'jai'