The Express. — London, England, 1861-11-08 00:00:00

UDi. 11111 rui AND 4111.11 pUltll sXTRACT 01 CALVES' FEET, Per lamb& as.l Wlt SC ,la. M packets. b y an amalgam. hr. DIAJCVIIACTOIM u, LITTLE INDTLANDAT., Lagma.aa., W. PROOND-HAND PIANOFORTES. CIA U. KULL sad %I'M Iwo a Inge aleortsent esposal. howl Plan.4.rt.-., by OW 10.4 elimial oaken. at peal, mimed pliors.--”I. Keveut•trat. ROYAL N.trIoNAI. LIFEBOAT INETITE ri..N-n. • . 4nntittee of thu Instltutius santestly A Prt. t L 4. Ihu pohale h., II !LP 1.. 111.1 ih u. t.. once* the prevent etpennee 11•••• C lifeb.44 •tatbuLs. .Itch have Ju4 h.. ....upletril 4P; lies have h... aas ell trona ettrinum wrt rki ly th.hl. 1.... t. d Ph.' ty .Istring the past a months I'n4t• Irttnltion, ere. fired by It ph. 1418 ken hi Lokki• 1104 through ...it th. t outs •I .1.... by yip. ft,riviary. as she s ak., of the lustitui...s, 11. stn-et, Adelphl. Lows. ghe enoveoo. .Ito ODRILIBPONDprrk iftwthismis Maeda ke "7M Esprvss" Loniinn itvgaiDE raper. mot be a• Ur efts, 10„ Mouvintritreek by 7so Verdi ell SU dog of palolls•Uos. a.ltyxwak yr. Tee Immo, RlCHll.ls. — iia;:rs. E. w.th, Wawa. Mose. awl W. Yaryan . Mrs. C. 1‘...u0g and Maw Manful.. —LEND ME /ICE LLIMM4. Mr lurannne. And TU mArrierr umr ur LY LlVE—Comm.:arc at 7. MUNI!NW% Tim imam JIANINILITrm oTn ELUL Ile.rt. Fodder. Itrier. dawdler'. INdter. Slam., and Cathcart. Mama C. laclrrco. t Licknq. nod LYCEV . Thu Emma. ‘LASII6IIk;S7ItAAIIKIL-3114)?: KY. Mrs. D. I'. &mem Mrs. at. Mowry. tad Mat Kate ?Warm.— And NAM A• Ttl6 WAN. Tao Krona, Till Mir MD -TM Troops of MD and %akin—M. UMW, Wurlerful Pritormanc, aEVIE IS All. )ln TIIE brills HAW TIIE WILL Mr. T. Draisuadal, mad Wn. W. cra.d.w.l—Eupaimace at _111•111 wAyza ATILINDinq BRIDOL no DlTZiiiiiiiii W. 47...77::iii;;;TZ db. um 1 °ANION —num& lik. Ms- ... Menem TX an. LONDON, FRIDAY; NOV. 8. TO OUR READERS. SPORTING DITILLIGENCR. A !ate utlitiuu of the Express is published every eveumg during the racists NWIIIIIOII, cuutsduing the results of the clar's races. Tin: political temper of the Italian people has been severely tried since the peace of Villafranca, and it will hardly be denied even by the bitterest ailveniary of their cause that the very qualities in which they were supposed to be deficient have been those in which they have excelled. Patience and persaverance are acquired, rather than innate national virtues ; acquired in the school of expe rience, if not through the discipline of adversity. M. Teory vizi. himself, when be takes occasion to recommend the exercise of these virtues to the Cabinet of Turin, may be gently reminded—if, in deed, it were possible for any Frenchman familiar with the history of modern Europe to forget—that nations more fortunate and more powerful than modern Italy, mourning even to control the des tinies of civilization, have not always succeeded in exhibiting that union of self-control and self-re spect which, in the world of public affairs, is equivalent to temperance and moral fortitude in private life. There are Powers, for instance, which poessiming a giant's strength have been known to prostitute it to the provocations of a restless vain glory or an insatiable rapacity, and, as often as domestic difficulties seemed to require a diversion of rnen's minds, have sought it in the pursuit of " ideas " and enterprmes at the expense of weaker neighbours, with a reckless disregard of the responsibilities and results of an aggressive and adventurous policy. When settled States and great Powers are the frequent and wilful dis turbers of public conlidenes, it would ill become M. Twit - . to criticise leo messotionely say symptoms of haste or heat is the Lamp of his clients and allies beyond the Alps, who, after beig invited to become the citizens of a great country, and paying • high pries for a partial deliver ance, find themselves the sport of disap pointments and the dupes of delays grievous enough to cancel the heaviest obligation. It must be par ticularly irritating to Italian susceptibilities to ob serve that the tedious suspense which they are suf fering is justified only by reasons of state conveni ence, or by pleas of political necessity entirely foreign to their own affairs, and of the forte of which they can only form • dark and distant guess. The mamma, in fact, whatever they may be, for an indefinite adjournment of the Rosaili question, exist at Pans, and have nothing to do with Italian politics. For, to put the case in the briefest form, the terms which Berm litcssou has offered to the Vatican for the virtual abandon ment of the temporal power are as easy as any that the Court of Rome can possibly obtain at • later date, and almost word for word such as the Emperor of the Fasireir is known to have put for ward with his own inierieurter. It is not a question, therefore, of terms with the Pots, but of times and seasons for the Imperial patron of two opposite causes. It is alleged that NAPO LEON 111. professes an undiminished sympathy for Italy. M. RATAZSI has no doubt received the most flattering assurances ; but that he will resume the chair in the Chamber of Deputies a fortnight hence under hopeful and encouraging auspices is more than present appearances indicate. Here, then, the question arises : bow will, Baron %came.: present himself before the Italian Parliament, morally pledged as he was at the close of the summer session, to obtain possession of the capital of Italy ? There was a moment, just after the death of Cavues, when French policy towards Italy seemed to be on the point of emerging from the clouds. But the burst of sunshine passed away, and the straightforward declarations of the Italian Minister encountered an increasing coldness and ill-will in Paris. Not that the case itself as between the Papacy and the Italian people halted or receded ; Papal brigandage and Papal allocu tions conspired with the austere sophistries of M. Gt izar , and the fervent wrath of M. DE MOITTALEW DIRT, to quicken the effect on public opinion of the treatises of Mgor. Li . . i and Father PAMAOLIA. Every day's delay has loosened a stone in the Papal fabric, and now the very foundations are tottering, and a rent is yawning in the walls. The Pro- testant world has no cense to regret the pro longed agony of the temporal power. It is as a national and political question for Italy that the ambiguous policy of France at Rome constitutes a difficulty, perhaps • danger, for the government administered in so high • spirit by Baron RI CAXOLI. One cannot be surprised to learn that the First 31inister of Italy feels discouraged and disgusted by the burden of silence and dis simulation which the Cabinet of the Empire bears without shame. It is more than enough to chafe the proud and sensitive nature of the Tuscan noble ; this enforced compact with equi vocation and duplicity. Still it is to be hoped that Rerun Itii.veits will have sufficient faith in his own name and fame to set his countrymen an example of self.denyang patience and unflinching constancy. It will he his earliest duty, and an act of simple self-defence, to lay before the Parlia ment the diplomatic i'orrespondence on the Roman question, and to leave to the public opinion of Italy and of liberal Europe to judge once more between the false and the true. The Pays has THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 8, 1861. th e opportune good taste to picture Baron RICASOLI as a Minister peculiarly distasteful to the Emperor of the INENIII on account et his haughty disdain of transactions and resolute fixedness of purpose. This is not a very dignified conception of statesmanship. Honour and conscience are not necessarily incom patible with that skill and discrimination in the science of exigencies of which political capacity is composed. Nor is it easy to perceive, on the other hand, in what degree the French Govern ment would be the gainer by the substitution of a more pliant and facile member for the present chief of the Italian Cabinet. No change of govern ment at Turin could bring a French party, if any such exist in Italy, into power. No change of per sons could constitute an administration more moderate and conservative than that over which Baron RicAmou presides. Any change must be in the direction of the revolutionary and aggressive party, or as it is called " the party of action ;" the party which would hurl " the nation " un armed, unprepared, unorganized, at the Quadri lateral, in the hope of " something turning up." The party of action, intensely national and inde pendent of all foreign influences as it is, seems ready to lend its hand unsuspiciously to other than Italian designs in taking up the question of Venice before the question of Rome is solved. It needs no malicious imagination to assign an origin and an object to this convenient " idea." We heartily trust it will be repudiated by the patriotism and good sense of the majority of the Italian Parlia ment. It is obvious to all but a few blind fanatics that Italy must have her capital before she can make her Southern Provinces a strength instead of a weakness—before she can count and rally all her living forces for the final struggle against the merciless enemy encamped on her soil. What ever may be the pretexts of the French Govern ment for the maintenance of that open sore at Rome, whether pusillanimity or irresolution, or the apprehension of contingencies within the Vatican itself, the fall of the temporal power of the Papacy is only not a material fact ; morally it has already taken place, and with the connivance if not the complicity of its only protector. That it must and will become a material fact is as certain as that every day of passive resistance to Austria in Hun guy is the earnest of the final deliverance of Venice. Time fights foe Hungary in Italy, and for Italy in Hungary. Time fights, too, for Italy; at Rome and in Paris. It would be madness in the Italian Parliament to force events of which the patience and perseverance which have unlocked so many difficulties, have the key. Tim English public has been so fully and so correctly informed of the objects contemplated by its Government in joining with France and Spain in common action with reference to the affairs of Mexico, that the actual conclusion of the formal agreement for that purpose is an event which re quires the least possible elucidation. The convention was signed at the Foreign Office yesterday week, and its scope, notwithstanding the capacious views of some journalists at Paris and Madrid, is judi ciously adjusted to the interests and rights of the Powers which have signed it. The Governments of Great Britain, France, and Spain merely agree to employ their forces in concert to obtain redress for the wrongs which their subjects have suffered at the hands of the successive transitory authori ties of Mexico. The number of ships or men to be furnished is, however, not stipulated, and will probably be determined according to mutual convenience. The three Powers severally pledge themselves to one another not to seek any territorial or other special ad vantage for themselves, and they further agree not lo use their influence in a way to inter. fere with the right of the people of Mexico to choose their own form of government. This pro vision, which from the English point of view may seem to emphasize needlessly a policy which might have been tacitly assumed, is nevertheless of substantial importance, excluding as it does schemes of intervention in Mexico, which have not only been discussed but announced both in France and Spain. The Government of the United States is to be invited to accede to this convention on behalf of its own citizens. It is not worth while to speculate on the probabilities of compliance with that invitation ; the political re lation of the United States to Mexico is sodifferent from that which England, France, and Spain re spectively sustain, and so much more complex, that a refusal would not be surprising. This, however, is a point which that Government may decide freely, without prejudice to the objects of the three associated Powers. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION. The electric telegraph is now completed between New York and San Francisco, among the continent of America, and there can be no doubt that it will be soots extended from California to British Columbia. The Ripaiau government has already made arrangements for a telegraphic communication between St. Petersburg and the Sea of Jarmo. In 'short time the Russian wires will stretch to Eastern Siberia, aml from thence into Russian America, where they will almost join the New York telegraph to British North-Western America. The length of telegraph wire between England and the United States, through Northern Europe, Asia, and America will be about 1:1,000 miles. Tho wholeof this will be above pound, except thedeep ems cables in the British Channel and in Rehring's Strait; the latter being only .16 miles iu width. The charge at pre seat for short telegrams lest the rate of about 50y per 3,000 miles, and instantaneous communication can be effected be tween stations nearly 4,0C3 miles asunder. Some idea, therefore, can Le formed of the expense and time of mend ing a message from London to the Atlantic seaboard of North America by north-easterly route. The expense now voluntarily incurred for conveying early commercial intel lipnee is shown by the fact of British merchants running clippers for that purpose between the most northerly Chinese ports and Shanghai, the terminus of our mail com munication in the Yellow Sea. Should it be found impos sible to lay down a cable along the bed of the Atlantic, the marvels of science and the necessities of commerce will probably be displayed by England communicating, almost instantaneously, with the United States by way of the Himalaya and Rocky !fountains. The Leeds Mercury announces the death of James Riehardaoe, Esq., the Clark of the Peace for Leeds, in the 734.1% year of hia age. There is a chance, remarkx the P 1 !mum th Juurnal, if the Plymouth tradesmen will only avail themselves of Use advluitages which it will confer upon them, by taking the 'memory meson to provide the requisite fund, that the Royal Agricultural Society will hold its exhibition in that town in 1+164. Megan. Longman and Co. (nye the are g nat to rebuild the entire nap of their premises in Pater noster•row in palatial style. AS the work of erection is expected to cover from one to two yaw, they intend taking refuge in the meantime in a tarp boom on Ludgate-hill, which was kenterlt is possession of the Milton Club. ARRIVAL or DIR. ROBERT Robert Muir, who was arrested at New York swop menthe ago while stopping on board the steamer for Europe, with de. 'patches from the British Coosa] at New (Moms to Earl Russell. arrived at Liverpool on Wednesday in the steam ship North American. Mince his arrest. Mr. Moir Ma been imprieolied is Fort Lafayette. awl he is vow out oo parole. ORA NI;EINN IN THE NORTH or IR /LAND. —T4II torreaporalent of the Privy:as. writing from lexidoudcrTY. November 5. Dare:—" Early this morning an Orange Lag, with a blue border, a hl•be shield on its centre, with a figure of 'William 111. on horseback. sad IWO underneath, was koiated .o. the top of the Walker pillar, noel en Oranges'sh entwined morel the figure of Weller. Tile cathedral bells have been ncgiug throughout the day. Nu disturbance baa occarnal." THE AMERICAN WAR-ITS CHARACTER AND PROBABLE DURATION. The following important circular, issuing from the well-known house of Neill Brothers, has been received by the last American mail : NEW YORK, Ocr. 26. In our circular of 22nd July, issued from our Manchester office, we warned our friends that there was no prospect of any early settlement of the difficulties of this country, and that they must look iu the face the imminent danger of the loss, for this season, of the usual supplies of .Imeriow cotton. We recommended the securing of large stocks, the reduc tion of the hours or days of labour, and hoped that when the public should bef sufficiently awakened to the real facts of the case, merchants would be emboldened to import as largely as possible from India and wherever else cotton oould be found. The then price of cotton, 811 per lb. for middling Orleans, and 50. for Surat, did not announce to the world with sufficient emphasis the nature of the emergency, did not encourage East Indian merchants to draw cotton from the interior by outbidding native manufacturers, agents for China, and others. 51d. per lb. was Id. per lb. below the price given for the same elate of cotton in September, 1857. So moderate a price implied faith in the early resumption of shipments from America, and this view was encouraged by the London Times, whose commercial editor had informa tion from mercantile sources as to the dissatisfaction created by the war, and the probability of an early settle ment. Neither we nor any of our neighbours, to whose advice' we had access, could trace such views to any good American source. Among the foreign merchants of New York who stand comparatively outside of the arena of political excitement, whose sole object is business, and whose wish for peace may well have been "father to the thought," such ideas may from time to time have had the ascendancy, but to =yore well informed as to the character, principles, objects, and intentions of the great masses of the people North and South, it has, ever since April, when the war was opened by the bom bardment of Fort Sumter, been evident that it must be fought out to the bitter end. Our circulars were called alarmist, and their views disputed. But what do we now find ? At this time last year we had to advise our friends that the receipts of cotton at the Southern ports, the bulk of which had already been shipped, or was in process of ship ment, to Europe, amounted already to 534,000 bales, and the year before to 645,000 bales. This season we have not yet information of 1,000 bales having been received, but we do hear of the small stocks left over in the principal porta from last year's crop, having been sent into the interior for safety, in the event of any of the ports falling into the handed the Federalguvernment. We have again to repeat what we for merly said, that "it is the deliberate intention of the Arne. rican governments, both North and South, to seal up the new cotton crop, so that not a bale of it (which they can prevent) shall leave the plantations during the continuance of the war," and that so far from the shipping season com mencing on September 1, as usual, " there is absolutely no prospect of its commencing then, or for months to come." The prospect of its commencement is still, we are sorry to say, as distant as ever. Impressed with the responsibility attaching to us in putting forth any opinion with sufficient confidence to le flueoce the action of our friends, our W. M. Neill has recently come out to this country with the sole object et investigating this question. There is no doubt that we are now incalculably more dependent on cotton, and incalcula bly more able to pay for it, than in 1825, when prices went to 20d. So, in placing a limit upon its future price, we most grant the world's power, and indeed necessity, to me mne extensively, and its abundant power to pay fat what it menet do without. The simple questions are, the pro bable duration of the present war and blockade, the increase of supplies to be drawn from other countries, and the ex tent to which the substitution of other materials is peed blc. We confine ourselves to the first, leaving to parties on the spot to determine upon the others. In inquiring into the probable duration of the war, the main questions to be considered are, firstly, the nature of the issue or issues between North and South. Are they slight and superficial, or essential and profound? It is not nececemy to go into any lengthened argument to establish the position that they are the deepest and moat Wean cileable which can divide two peoples. One section has gone to war for separate independence and the maintenance of the system of slavery, with the right to its extension, and at the same time to establish free trade and unrestricted commerce with all the world. The other party has gone to war to preserve the unity and integrity of • great country, willing enough (except a small portion) to tolerate slavery, but determined not to let it continue supreme in the go vernment as it has been of late, and not to lot it aid the wealth and prosperity of the South alone. And while they serum° this ground, and expect in it the sympathy of the anti-slavery and commercial nations of Europe, they adopt a narrow, prohibitive, commercial system, altogether ignoring the world's commercial education for the past twenty year.. It is manifest that upon the union with the South the power of the North and its commercial prosperity mainly depend. The cotton, rice, tobacco, and sugar crepe of the outu are five-sixths of the whole exports of the country, and consti tute the chief payment to Europe for the foreign imports of the whole country, and are consequently the source, not only of trade and commerce, but also of revenue, as the sole revenue is derived from duties on imports. The cutting of the North from this trade, while destroying domestic prosperity, would force the government to direct taxation, at a time when the people, always averse to it, would be more than ever so. Therefore the North cannot give up the conflict till convinced of its utter hopelessness. Every new loan is a further pledge that the war most continue till success or destruction result. The South is of course im pelled by similar motives, and, if conquered, all they have spent ia lost ; and moreover they would be saddled with an enormous debt incurred for their own subjugation. It is easy to see Met, both in their views of human freedom and freedom of trade, the ditterenom of the North and South are radical, and not to be reconciled. We have, therefore, looked in vain here, amuse the more intelligent men of all parties, for any disposition to let the South go. They consider it geographically as well as morally impos sible, and prefer the alternative of a war of extermination. 'lf there be a disposition for peace, it is not permitted to show itself ; and if such be the case at the North, it is equally true at the South, who have added to their other reasons for persevering in the contest, the desperation that it gives to the Anglo-Saxon race to feel that their country is invaded, with a view to their couquest and suppresses. It may safely be assumed, therefore, that they will allo tight to the very extremity of their resources. Next come. the question of the ability of either section to maintain a protracted contest. We have found no reosoo whatever to doubt, this ability on either side. Information from the South is partial and incomplete ; and it is only as regards the North that wean speak from immediate obser vation. In our August circular we cautioned oar friends not to be deceived by the prevalent idea that the Federal government would be unable to find the means to carry ou the war. We argued from the abundance of money that the earlier loans at least would be takeu at the high rates offered by the government. Stich has proved to be the case, and of the 15000,000 dollars, offered in August, 100,000,000 dollars have already been taken, and the balance has been offered by the banks, subject to the interest commencing to accrue from the time that the amount is placed to the credit of the Treasury. This the government decline to accede to, feeling quite confident that they will get the third 50,000,000 dollars when required, without any loss of interest. The enormous government expenditure is giving • greet impetus to trade, and yet there is sufficient ecOoomy being practised in all classes of society, and caution in giving credit, in entering into extended operations, and in discounting mercantile paper, to leave large amounts of capital unemployed, and ready to be invested in government loans. As we mentioned in August, the undrawn deposits held by the banks of this city amounted to 93,687.000 dots. against an average of 77,721,000 dole. at the corresponding dates for the past five years. The amount is now increa se d to 126,433,000 dole., including, however, • large amount to the credit of the Treasure, from the proceeds of the recent loans. In August the specie held by the banks was 46,900,000 dole., against an average of 21,249,900 dole. for the corresponding dates of the five years ; while the amount now held is 42,242,000 dole., a small decrease since August, owing to the larger circulation required by the improved condition of trade. Thus the financial wheels of the government work smoothly enough, and there is a fair prospect that they may continue to do so for one, two, or three years to come, should the war last so long. Higher rates of interest may have to be given, and the factitious activity imparted to trade may drive the specie out of the country to pay for the war ma terial, clothing, and luxuries which will agsdn be called fur, so that the books may have to suspend specie payments, but it would not be a new or remarkable cam for a long war to be carried on upon an exclusively paper currency. Financially, the North has no doubt the advantage, but in many other respects the South has it—above all, in the fact that she is fighting on the defensive. and in a country easy of defence and moat difficult to invade. Nearly all the necessaries of life are produced within the limits of the Confederate States. Tea and coffee are greatly wanted. and the latter brings 50 cents per lb. against 12c. to 14c. in the West Indies ; but people can exist without these luxuries. Many kinds of manufactured goods are also in short supply, particularly woollen clothing and shoes, but enough of these goods may be smuggled in to suffice for bare noosed. ties ; and a useful homespun cloth is made extensively in the country from the cotton which is everywhere so chess and abundant Gold and silver have almost diaappearea from circulation, the government paper currency supplying their place, and a system of barter prevailing extensively. The rank and file of the army is made up, as the North, of the lower classes maialy,hut consists in a large proportion of the better class of young men, who have entered upon it with hearty zeal for the canoe, and thoroughly determined never to submit. It is probable that these men, coin. mended as they generally are by good officers, will devote themselves more willingly than the Northern troops to a protracted military life, and have a much higher zest for their work. They will not readily submit to the Northern labourers and mechanics sent against them. On the whole, it is pretty evident that the power of resistance possessed by the South is vastly greater than they get credit for ; and it is difficult to form any opinion as to which side will tire of the war the soonest. The present sufferings of the South may be much the greater, but the North is laying up for herself a weight of debt and taxation which will spread the penalty over lengthened years, and probably carry it down to generations yet unbent. On whatever side we look we are forced into the conclu sion that the war will be • long one—to last for years unless foreign powers interfere, of which, however, we see no prospect. What the cud will be no man can tell ; but it is just probable that, iu the midst of the excitement of war, the slaves may take their cause into their own hands, and repeat the scenes of St. Domingo. It is to be hoped, therefore, that wherever there is a climate and soil suita ble to the growth of cotton, and conditions favourable to its productiou at a moderate price, efforts will be made to pro mote and extend its cultivation, and that no exertions will be spared, whether by individuals, companies, or government., to extend the area of supply in India, and attract to England a considerable proportion of the immense cotton growth of that country. The policy and efforts of the Manchester Cotton Supply Association are now amply justified, and it is only to be regretted that they were not at an earlier period—while the wolf was not yet at the door—more warmly seconded by the trade at large.—We aro, very respectfully yours, :sant BROTHERS. LAW INTELLIGENCE. (THIS DAY.) COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH. Sittings in Banoo.—(Before Lord Chief Justice Cockburn, and Justices Wightman and Blackburn.) - IN RE WILLIAM CORBETT. Mrs. Cobbett at the sitting of the court prayed for judg ment oo her application for • habeas corpus to enable her husband to appear in court with a view to his discharge from the Queen's prison on • claim for costa in an action in which he as the plaintiff, was nonsnited. The Lord Chief Justice—On further inquiry it is quite plain that what you complain of is an irregularity. Mrs. Cobbett—lt is not. (Laughter.) What I complain of is that Mr. Cobbett has been wrongfully imprisoned for six years. The Lord Chief Justice—We think it is nothing but an irregularity. Mrs Cobbett—l hope your lordship's judgment will be founded in law. (Laughter.) The Lord Chief Justice—l hope so too. There has been a rule in existence, and acted on for many yearuthat a suitor in person cannot make such a motion as you have, but that it roust be made by counsel. Here, however, we have • lady, not the actual party to the suit, but the wile of the person. Mrs. Cobbett said she had counsel on a former occasion, and proceeded with great energy and volubility to ch arg e the learned gentleman with collusion with the other side to defeat her ,• and that, in consequence, an order had been made against 'bee husband, in breach of good faith. The Lord Chief Justice—But that dues not meet the Irrei:ty. ret n Cobbett continued to interrupt his lordship, when Mr. Justice Wightman Mid—You had better hear what his lordship has to say. Mr. Justice Blackburn—You said just now you would be bound by the judgment of the court. Mrs. Cobbett—l shan't be satisfied with it—Boud laughter)—but go elsewhere. My husband is unlawfully kr n 'r prison. I mean I must have your lordships' judgment before I can go elsewhere. The Lord Chief Justice—Our decision is that your appli cation is irregular. It must be made by counsel. Mrs. Cobbett—Will your lordships appoint me a counsel' I can't get one. The Lord Chief Justice—We can't do that. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. NAPLES. General La Dfartuora has addressed the following proclamation to the Neapolitans on assuming his functions : Citizens of the Province of Naples,—His Majesty, in entrusting to me the command of the sixth military depart ment, has been pleased to appoint me at the same time to the post of civil prefectof the province of Naples. Although these new duties are but provisional, I feel all their difficulty, which in my saes perhaps is the greater because of my not having taken any direct part in those wonderful events accom plished in these provinces in little more than a year, and because I succeed to the illustrious General Cialdini, who has deserved such sympathy at your hands. But as I am equally sensible of obedience, I rely upon the co-operation of others more than my own attitude. I therefore address myself to the authorities, and request them to aid me with the same zeal as they didzny predecessor. I address myself to the national guard, whose generous conduct on every occa sion has been deservedly praised here and admired abroad. I lastly appeal to all those who feel that the love of country is the first of allduties ; and with the co-operation of all I hope to be able to fufil our sovereign's intentions and the orders of his government. Citizens of the Province of Naples! The pious and secular wish of the greatest Italians, the fulfil ment of which appeared but a dream but a few years ago, is in a great measure satisfied. Its total accomplishment lies in the sacrifices which we still have to make, and especially in our faith and concord. I come to you with few claims to your benevolence, but with the firm resolve to do what I can to contribute towards the great work of making Italy one, independent, free, and prosperous. ALFONSO LA MARIMBA, Prefect of the Province of Naples, and General of the Army. Naples, Nov. 1, 1861. A letter from Turin, of the 4th, states that General Maio had returned to Leghorn from an excursion to Caprera. AUSTRIA. In the sitting of the Austrian Chamber of Depu ties on Monday, the Minister of Finance presented tho budget of 1862, and announced to the assem bly that, pressed by the exigencies of the public service, tho government had anticipated the deci sion of the chamber by decreeing the assessment and levying of taxes. He, therefore, asked of the chamber a bill of indemnity. His remarks appear to have been received with much coldness. Advicea from Constantinople allege that Aali Pacha has concluded a secret treaty of offensive and defensive alliance with Austria, in view of eventualities which may arise in Montenegro, Eery* and Dalmatia. (azunat's VIENNA, Nov. 8. Count Nadaady, tho ex-Minister of Justice, has been appointed Minister without portfolio and Aulic Chancellor for Transylvania. Tranquillity prevails at Faith. HUNGARY. VIENNA, Nov. 7. Au autograph letter, addressed by the Emperor to Count Forgach, Aulic Chancellor for Hungary, has been published to-day. The following is a summary of its contents : The disloyalty of the Hungarian municipalities, and the resistance bordering on insurrection to the measures taken by the government for the maintenance of public order, menace that order a must dangerous manner, without the authori ties being able to safely administer the penal law. The public duty and the will of the Emperor requires that he should raise strong barriers against these excesses, and restore things to a state of order. As the convoc►tion of the Hungarian Diet in a constitutional manner appears impracticable until order is re-established, all the existing authorities in the oomitata, districts, and communes are abolished, and Count Fortrach is ordered to select persons to replace them, and to take care that the administration of public affairs in Hungary suffers no interruption. All persons charged with crimes against public order and safety shall be tried by military tribunals. In conclusion, the Emperor expresses an earnest wish that he may soon be enabled, by the re-establish ment of public order, to proceed to the solution of the pending differences, and in future maintain entire the concessions he has granted to Hungary. GARIBALDI ON ITALIAN POLICY. TURIN, Nov. 7. The Monard►ia Na:iortale of to-day nye : "General Turr has announced to the Central Committee, in the name of Garibaldi, that it is the firm intention of the latter not to provoke any movement in favour of Rome and Venice, and that his sole wish is that every means may be employed to promote the armament of the nation. Garibaldi also recommends concord among all classes of the Italian people, in order to accomplish the unifica tion of Italy under Victor Emmanuel, and requests those who do not accept this determination to leave the committee and act on their own responsibility." SWITZERLAND. BERNE, Nov. 7. M. Thouvenel has informed M. Kern, Swiss ambassador at Paris, that Franc e will not pre judice the solution of the question of the Valley of the Dappes by any act of violence, but demands a definitive arrangement by means of negotiation. FRANCE. PARIS Nov. 7. The Tempe of this evening says -." It is asserted that M. Fould will shortly return to the Ministry of Finance." INDIA AND AUSTRALIA. BY TELEOBAPH DIRECT FROM ALEXANDRIA. CALCUTTA, Orr. 8. Shirting; active ; mule twist dull ; exchange on London, 2.0. Government securities—Four per Cents., 142 discount ; Fivo per Ceuta., 3 discount. Freights advancing. MELBOURNE, Strr. 26. The shipment 4 of gold since the departure of tho last mail amount to 187,3900 z. Brandies, 9d. lower ; exchange half per cent. lower. Trade at Adelaide and Sydney continues dull. The Nord may :—" The reigning Prince of Schwarzbourg Rudoistadt, who is in advanced years, bee married the daughter of a Pruasiaa physician. He has made a happy choice, for the bride has much wit and greet beauty. She has been raised to the rank of Counter Brockenbourg, and has all the qualities requisite to sustain her position." The absence of the Duke of Coburg-Gotha from the Mee of Rrenipberg and Berlie did not fail to cause some sensation, iu consequence of the intimate relations known to exist between the duke and the court of Prussia. According to the Augsbury awette the motives for that abstention date beck as far as the last military tramenvres on the Rhine. On the meeting of the duke with the court of Prussia on that occasion, a discussion is said to have arisen on the German question which produced ill-humour, the discumion having proved that the views of the duke am considered iu exalted regions as going too far. M. Ledru-Rollin is said to be seriously ill. A correspondent of the Opinion Nationale writes from Timis to say that in crossing the field of battle of Rape& es All Saint. Day, he found the mosses placed above the pave, of the French soldiers illuminated, is accordance with an Italian custom to place lights', at that es the paves of persons loved or honoured, EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (nom oil' own PARIS. TatmeDATEvimmto. The government journals, by their awkward zeal in supportiug the Moniteur, have succeeded in making still worse the very bad apology officially offered for the invasion of Switzerland. They all with one voice echo the mot &mire that the affair is "quite trivial." It would have been nuts to them if a leading London journal had arrived here in time to give them an opportunity of adopting its simile about dropping a pin to derange a steam engine. But this unanimous plea of de minimis reminds one that a small injustice, like a " small unkindness," may be a " great offence." It may, very possibly, be • necessity for chanceries to slur it over, but there is, at all events, no reason why a free press should not call a spade a spade. The Constitutionnet throws off by saying at tho head of its leading column, "The Moniteur devotes [consciere] a few lines of its bul letin"—as much as to say, the Moniteur is only too good in noticing such a pitiful matter at all— "to re-establishing the exact truth concerning the incident of the valley of Dappes." The " exact truth !"—this in a pretty strong figure of speech, seeing that the Moniker, with wise apprehension of coming criticism, was careful to say, "We are not yet exactly informed about the incident." The Pays betrays • consciousness that the "exact in formation" waited for will require a good deal of dressing before it can be decently given to the pub lic, when it says, "The further particulars waited for at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs will show whether or not the French authorities have acted with too much precipitation, and been guilty of any excess of zeal." But the Petrie, " inspired " by M. de la Guerronniere, lets the cat out of the bag, and represents the " incident" of Dappes as the " first opportunity," which it was evident would be "taken hold of," to bring about a " solu tion." In spite, therefore, of the complacent asser tion of the Moniteur, that the French government never entertained the idea of settling by force a " quention " (as it is pleased to call it) pending since 1816, it is quite plain that this military occu pation of the valley of Dappes is a thing delibe rately planned for the purpose of working upon the weakness of Switzerland and the laudable in disposition of Europe to engage in a war, in order to give France an advantage from her own wrong, and to obtain territory which the reiterated but I peaceable negotiations of nearly half a century have failed to transfer from its present owners. The Constitutionnel, leaving the question of right and form, and meeting the Swiss objection that, as a .natter of fact, the possession of the valley of Dappes by France would materially weaken the defences of Switzerland, returns to the convenient argument of which large use was made on the occasion of the annexation of Savoy and Nice— viz., that inasmuch as France is powerful enough to take Geneva or any other part of Switzerland whenever she likes, the weakening of the Swiss frontier can be no matter to that country. If this be so there is some inconsistency upon laying stress upon the great variety of " guarantees" which France is now ready to give to Switzerland, if only she will make no more noise about the present aggression. The Bourse has again been much better. There are rumours, which I incline to credit, that M. Fould, who is now at Compiegne, will shortly be come Finance Minister, and although I look upon • heavy loan as certain early in next year, his name inspires confidence. The Rente rose 20c. for cash, and 15c. for account, closing at 68fr. 75e. in each case. Mobilier rose 101 r., the Italian Loan 25e. The Lyons Railway rose 15fr., and the other lines from 2fr. 50c. to Mr. Boma curiosity was felt three days ago to know the destination of a detachment of 00 gendarmes of the Guard which left Paris suddenly by the Lyons Railway. It now appears that they were sent for by Marshal Niel to assist in watching "bands of incendiaries" who have lately set fire to a great many buildings in the southern district under his command. The Gironde of Bordeaux, of yesterday, speaks of an incendiary fire at Po demise, the details of which are not known, and also of two bombs having been maliciously thrown upon a railway. " It appears to be decided," says the Constitu timed, "that their Majesties, on leaving Compiegne, about the liith of December, will take up their residence at the Tuileries. The Emperor, accompanied by General Lebeuf, went on foot a day or two ago to visit the Vivenel Museum, at the Hotel de Ville of Compiegne, and seemed much interested in the collection of medals it contains. When his Majesty left the hotel an individual stepped forward to shake hands with him, which the Emperor graciously condescended to do ; all the other persons pre sent 11.,d the good taste not to intrude on his Majesty, and merely uncovered as he peened." A letter from Compihgne of the sth says : " The first aeries of guests have arrived at the palace. Among the seventy-five persons of high distinction whom the Emperor has invited, in addition to the Prince d'Oporto, the Duke de Beja, Prince Napoleon, and the Princess Clo thilde, are the Prince sad Princess Murat and their daughter, the Princess Anna Murat ; M. Moo, the Spanish anthems dor ; Chevalier de Nigro, the Italian representative ; N. Rouher, Minister of Public Works ; M. Fould, Marshal and Mme. Regnault St. Jean d'Angily, 11. laity, Genend de Montauban, the Prefect of the Seine, and the Prefect of Police." A letter from Madrid ham the following :—" The Counties de l&ontijo, mother of the Empress of the French, be. been seriously ill during the last few days. The Duke d'Albe, who way at the mom way summoned suddenly to Csisbanehel, the countess having fainted no less than five times during the day. The last accounts are less unfav my able, and the physicians announce a sensible amelioration." Prince Napoleon and the Princess Clothilde, be fore returning to town from Chateauroux, previous to their departure for Compi4oe, paid a visit to George Sand, at her Chateau de Nohant, where they passed a day. The object of the prince's visit to that lady was to express the pleasure which the companionship of her intelligent eon hnd afforded him duriol his trip across the Atlantic ; and his willingness to use, so far as it is in his power to do so, his good officio in his favour. The young man in question enjoys the reputation rather of very versatile talents than genius of the strong type which distinguishes his mother. George Sand (writes a Paris correspondent) lives but little in Paris. She passes the greater part of her time at Nohant, which is furnished and fitted up in • style at the same time severe, fantastic, and picturesque. A friend of hers, in speaking of the internal arrangements of her country seat, said of it :—" A harmony of its own reigns everywhere ; but to the stranger every piece of fur niture seems to be possessed with as strong an individual character as the owner, and every spot occasions a sensation of surprise." The Duke de Magenta hm arrived in Paris from Berlin. M. de Jaucourt, Secretary of Embassy at Lon don, awl recently appointed private secretary to Count de Pervittny, is replaced in London by the Marquis de Contades. The Paris Preue publishes extraordinary news from Russia. Three young ladies, Mdlles. Corsini, Bluth sir, and Bagdassow, who attended the lectures at the trafvenity of St. Petersburg, have been arrested, and one of them, Sidlle. Bagdanow, whipped at the offloads of the secret police. The Gazette de France states that the grandson of the famous Fra Diavoln of 1799, after a desperate struggle with the mamma guard in the province of Benevento, was lately taken and shot. Mn. Cobbett then retired with her papers and documents. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY. (Before Mr. Commieeimer Face.) _II AZ BUBOES BROTHER:4. This was the meeting for certificate. The bankrupts were cabinet makers and upholsterers at 26, Great Winchester street, City. The balance sheet, prepared by Mr. George Butler, shows—Ur.: To creditors and liabilities 2,6141. 10s. 4d. ; to profits, 3,0131. 19e. 10d ; to capital, Ist June, 1857, 1,3261. 17s. 2d. ; and Cr.: By assets, 8191. 15s. Ad. ; by trade expenses, 1,524/. Bs. 10d. ; by lasses, 1,7811. 14s. 4d. ; by partners' drawing., 2,4681. Bs. Id. ; by difference, 171. 15.. 2d. ; by liability, 343/. se. 3d. There was no opposition, and his Honour granted second clam riertillestes. IN RC HRARN.-NCCOND APPLICATION FOR DISCHARGE. The bankrupt was described as • " hat-tip stamper," of Nichol-square, Falcon-square. A former application for die. charge was refused, on the ground of the bankrupt having vexatiously defended an action. Assignees having now been chosen, the application was renewed by Mr. C. E. Lewis on the bankrupt s behalf. Mr. Lucas opposed on behalf of Mr. Warren, a creditor, and asked that the application should not be entertained until the bankrupt had paid the costa incurred by the cre ditor in opposing his first application. Mr. Kent also opposed for the assignees. Mr. Lewis contended that as costa bad not been given or asked for, when the first application was made, they could not DOW be °Mend. _ _ His Honour said he would not main enter into the merits of the case, which he had already decided, on the ground that the conclude( the bankrupt had been very vexatious. Mr. Lewis urged that it was a case of great hardship on the bankrupt, who came before the court in forme pauperis. His Honour said it was no reason, because a man was a pauper, that he should be allowed to harass his creditors by making these continued applications, which cost him nothing. He would not listen to a word further until the costs incurred by his putting the false Om on the record were paid. Mr. Lewis said that Mr. Commissioner Evens bad decided similar cases in favour of the parties applying for their discharge. The Commissioner—l adhere to my determination that if u person really owing money, and knowing that he owes money, ha, the audacity to put on the record that he does not owe the money, when he knows all the time that he does, and in that way puts his creditor to expense, he need not come to this court for his release. He not only wrongs his creditor by incurring a debt which he is unable to pay, but, by putting a false plea on the record, be puts the creditor to still further expense, and I think that all persons acting in that way ought to be punished. If they like to abolish impri sonment for debt, I cannot help that ; but 1 shall not listen to any further application of this kind until the costs of the vexatious defence are paid. IN RE H. HARRIS. The bankrupt was en ironmonger, of Stratford. This iris the examination meeting. The balance. eheet hes not been Sled ; but from a preliminary statement of affairs, prepared by Mews. Johnson and Co., accountants, the bankrupee liabilities appear to be about 4,000/., with assets of equal or greater amount. The petitioning creditors were the " (kne el !roe-foundry Company (Limited) " of Upper Thames /street. _ _ An adjournment was ordered. (Before Mr. Commimeioner Fonlidanque.) _ IN NE RAYMOND IiANCET NENToN. The bankrupt was described us an advertising agent, of Warwick-square, City. This was the examination meeting. He owes to unsecured creditors 8372/. ; meets dated at 960/. The balance-sheet commences with a deficiency in July of last year of 5,7411. Against profits (in fourteen months) of 1,193/., there are losses and expenses of 2.2:10/. Debts to the amount of 4,990/. are duo to members of the bankrupt's family. The rest of the creditors, to the number of 260, are chiefly proprietors of newsrooms in town and country. The debtors to the estate, in number 420, are also ws proprietors. ne Mtr C r smusce, for the assignees, offered uo opposition, and the bankrupt passed. IN RE W. AND .1. HART. The bankrupts were grocers, of Frninlinghnm and Dem mitigton, Suffolk. This cue the examination meetion. The accounts, prepared by Messrs. Hart, extend over eighteen months prior to the failure, and show debts of with meets stated at 1,561 f. The assignees requiring time to (asinine the accounts, an adjournment for a month was ordered. TN RE THICKBROOM. The bankrupt waaa COnisefler.4l ; Sternoster-row. Ife now came up for bin last examination on accounts shoeing debts of 2,900/.. with asset 4 and property held as secunt3 valued at 1.200 f. or 1,3001. lassed unopposed. ATTEMPTED HIGHWAY ROBBERIY. —On Wed ne.bq evening an attack of a violent nature was made upon Mr. F. Peacock, of Langton, on the road between that plare and Pettrington. Mr. Peacock when riding home was met by two men, who seined and uuliorard him, but failed is their attempt to rob him. Mr. Peacock managed to get 5 1 liberty sad escaped on foot to Langton. The horse gallePP" away, and was for some time thought to be taken by Or men, but it was found the next day in a turnip hell not Isr from the place of encounter. The men are at large, and the night was very dark it is fatted it will he difficult W identify them. SHOCKING DEATH FROM SUFFOCATION AT ?ant' =WHAM Urriox.—Mr. Brown, coroner for the borough, held an inquest at the Nottingham Union yeateribiy. tots-Wog ibs death of George Newton, a plumber and glazier. The de• ceased was a master plumber, soil vestenlay morning veep to work to repair the union well about seven o'clock, lie descended the well, end having sent up the I. uctiou pPe..„ rope was sent down to draw him np. The lights is the w" went out, however, in consequeoce a! the fool air, and Rhea another man descended with a lantern the deceased N discovered hanging from the ladder head downward.. A" sidance was at once obtained, mid the man was brought of dead. I. _ Ai shi aro fro not nal bni al& Sun aux