The Express. — London, England, 1860-12-14 00:00:00

- I IMPERIAL TURKISH SIX PER CENT. LOAN. tSacciksod bj "KW trrte at Ws immortal majesty the Bahia Yews. J. )111ID ) S tad Co., Ike Cathodes for a TANI Ldlo bats Instructed the Lestke Ahem d the WIZ et , Neat ea ameent at' the 125,000.0011 bum 411411 MS• awed te tite /able Aarawrip, se4 al l r h a te n terXbe Meowed et peels mem a ebr: 6l Z to 7a yeen. Is 1•111-eiset. &V s :a htet darts has place to Jam MI, sad Ike Emma be Ida al pa I. tea ist Jay kebseetss latureet. 0 1.d. 1 Mnl , Uni ere seetpM he the /apneaet Meted eat tinting rood. saki Mein= wen hard hot rear ha x t. '..12,6e)D steam. Ilk assent wet le marte la see& mostley temittencee to the etediselees that teeenallvie. The ▪ &want aimed@ the In ant am balance win to banded over Ile w Weld& IMMO Illibtair. The cuelnellare, wt le the legrevel d the Tielthat Oo,i leebt. two thtehotad leer Gotta at Caremilso= ready, She revatem, al well le era end and Ile tandem *Me leak ot Turbot la tee to Or& agelledlaa. The helm el Me Cleanittlea be eamisal Win hapeelit Onass. — The Ira A be teranuilal los d Ilmo rabbi flo worarat aell arm is ISA blind al lhe nes ad II paw air per arm mare . et der ra don or Per g er these einolleas err be al re pre Mae trees sr £ l2 Oa star& and will be telearr at the rate of WO from, oe LbA siendas Wend to einatere ea the tat Jerry, 1161. anantloas et • after deigonnallea wag be hal. Mine eblarleas irla to WNW es lbe attlevra calculated oa no prise . Va. la per r r ea 16 .. ou Akieetrelmes sa. 1. 141 bore re fill hasiary, 16 16 „ „ 11611 leter „ r. Sr Mmes. allb eb Ap m Arrow al panne ter la tall will be aatVe IMdedactio• of 4a. at the lime angrier Oa rear of pareeot of say ladeleseille ei Vie One eafted. Pedow• eolleetite to be forfeited re dap oar on appliestioa will be orivied to re twat of ear ireeriber. and. In the eyelet of nab noon re vo ll=gnsbn lido. annual. lbe balance will be lbe diumangs ol the ebrolless Mil be esadreed Y Ih• mini armee, la lbe prawn el re Ambrader Ile Ofildre Parr la tarn tar at fob. Om Orearee of as loam at ren rerendelhea and • rim Tallr sagabate el re eldlipere dear will be adwinbed 1. Oee aw are al ths der mon la loara rd M Parka Appllmerns lor arrair be be ient le the: d a* slag usalerwisms: lebeole, talskeek. mm a Ilimlee.boeerelied; tales lemik se Lae" lefemeelmal Venus ee emelbseelea wag be eleoieel Ibo above, oe tram Mama 1, Wubdisele osil Soft Ampleseel Wm& Illosebk 11. easoleouol. rout at laipebi Taiga Mk por ambler ralloillem peroble to add MO imsl6lmed miler lbe twig bee To I ced lili Meek ll ot illa Tirka. Onolimm.--isto Pas Os amo• dumb a la r e e s t esek qe geeZl ben* Mod yee Se allot me Ll= et t wee so rags To me. se tog len imither OM wag be Melted to a, eobbettelbe Ism et year althea ?Yes AEON= reipriss or loydrin. ~:.. - .. : 6: 1:111'8 HALL 111STAIIRANT, 10.441re51 arlPissaaft. Dar" Wire. lipa ma rafts. laillas. mg ilesehnia. Per/pilaw. sZCOND-RAND PIANOTORTIEL mum. SRAM mad to bete a hoe amelmat el MLA/ Metehirlee. be the met elemeg welme, at —I rest priese.-191. IlapiaLwrest. glie erisresig. laveilleemeas lissepa ter "The Itzprest" Lemke Wake Pow. mot be ea the Whoa 14 Beeverlieriresh lay Tye @Nigel es the day of palikaigna. ILiTYAJIMMT L To.itoalow Wronwo. TWI St J.WDD TIE WITD.-1111 PAM IN WOOD. Mom Dockmoos. TIM Wm Any Sedcwist—Tar di tY Nir ul A is tAn. Mr Zoos tweed.—AM MT NIIIIDAIDI mart Time Symms. WWI MITI. Mr. P.ll.lrmeri Xl= Murray COIIIIICAN 11110TEM Mama lectsisr. A. Ilan* sad *mime; 10r llarray.-11s1 Tas iILZIZALDI ZICLIMOSLSTS. Q. JAlq.% Tins nrixtslo. Tli Liia - 01 A IFITIL Yews Ashley sad Yowl% . ta. Cama—IPTILL WA2W MS DIMP ifassra Alfr Mama aid lorry : Um A. W. M lierbset—AM ALIT DMA. —Carreasse bellipsol lINITAINIA. TSWIVININKVIDOOCiii la NCH JON ATHA?! WILD. — Tae Iledlesda Aress.—Migsrlstseloursent —LI LY °TON MOIL Mrs IL Tared& WOW. Cosidard. sod Yrs. &Lac —Aad THE MULL= now CZ. Wasl Cloyks. —Commence halt-past. • HIGH . IiATU AT_LONDON_BRIDOL TI I Da7llciiTil;:&s7•:: 7.7itt;;;;;. — *. um. Toitossow—Montag, S. Ma.— Allerases. a. sm. LONDON, FRIDAY, DEC. 14. Wutx the present Board of Admiralty under took to modify the system of punishments in the Navy, and issued a general order classifying offences and professing to confine the discretion of officers within certain limits, we expressed a doubt whether any material change would be thereby effected in the system previously pursued. Beneath an elaborate show of lenity, and the pro fession of a desire to yield to public opinion on the subject of naval discipline, there seemed to lurk all the old tendencies to despotic rigour which have rendered the noblest service in the world the most difficult to maintain in personal efficiency. It may, perhaps, be impossible, from the very nature of the case, to establish uniformity of discipline in minor waders : so much must de pend, do what you will, upon the temper, spirit, and tact of those who for the time being must be entrusted with something of arbitrary power in each particular ship. One officer may be as brave and as careful as another, and as fitting, therefore, to command one of our floating for ; but he may be cursed with an impatient or overbearing disposition, the consequence of which must be an infinite disparity between the condition of his crew and that which his brother officer commands. We do not suppose that such inequality can ever be effaced ; or that the crew of one veinal, when paid off, will ever give the same account of their life on board as that of another. Still, within the widest margin of allow ance, there are certain definite rules of humanity and justice which are clearly capable of enforcement, and which it is the bounden duty of those who are entrusted with the direction of the Navy to take care shall be enforced. The Duke of SWINZSZe and his advisers may have imagined that the ordi• nancee promulgated last year were calculated to ensure the observance of such rules ; and we are not disposed to raise any discussion on the point. But if, when tested by experience, they have prao tically failed, we shall not be so abstemious es to urging the necessity of discarding abortive forms and departmental pedantries, in order that some thing more substantial in the way of reformation may be tried. Accounts have reached us, not yesterday or the day before, of the continuance of eepn,,,,, is and inordinate severity on board Qt . asm's ships, for which there is no justification or excuse. We believe the lash is as deeply dyed as ever in the blood of the men on whose loyalty and steadfastness the safety of us all depends ; we believe the rope's end is as brutally used to main tain the old system of mute terrorism over boys, as it wee before the modifications of Let year were pompously given to the world. We must say this is deeply humiliating to the national spirit, and utterly indefensible as a matter of public policy. It is no answer to say that in some line-of-battle ship the cry of torture is com paratively unheard, that the liken are treated as they ought to he treated, and that when paid off they depart from their officers with regret. We believe this to be true, and if so it is the damning fact of the whole case, because it proves that the sc ,, urge s not indispensable to naval rule, or de,padung punishments to . the maintenance of spirit and discipline. We base our denunciation of wantou and brutal violence, not upon any maudlin Ayrnpathy for the sufferings of the ill contlityn.A or inc..rrigibly wayward few found here and th.:re In the fleet, but upon the dale.- sive allegation that is constantly made receding the numbers who have never bean sabjeeted to the lash, and regarding the proportion of sidp in which it is nearly unknown. We fear that this proportion is very far exceeded by that in which the contrary is the prevailing rule ; but it shows whet can be done, and it therefore shows what must. We shall give but two illustrations out of many that have come under our cognizance of what is actually going on in the Navy at the present hour. About two years since • man, who had been fourteen years in the service, and who had borne during that time an unblemished character, shipped himself on board a frigate not in par ticularlybad repute amongthe sailor class as regards the treatment of the men by their officers. It might be, for aught we know, that the conscious ness of professional worth and experience in fused into his bearing something more of self respect and independence than was observable in those around him. Be that as it may, he had the misfortune to incur the dislike of a certain lieutenant, by whom he was insultingly rebuked oa several amnions for faults which ho felt he had not committed. At length he was placed on the black list in accordance with the new regula tions for the space of amen days, and condemned during that period to perform the most menial offices in the ship as a punishment. The old habits of subordination were strong enough to prevent his expressing audibly what he felt at the injus tice ; but within three months he was again told by the same officer that he was to endure similar treatment. The veteran spirit of the man rose up within him, and he said calmly to his young oppreseor--" Before I submit I must be tried, " sir ; I appeal to the captain to say whether I "am deserving of punishment" His appeal was in vain ; and he persisted in declaring the utter injustice of the usage he was subjected to. For this he was tied up and flogged. Not • groan gimped his lips during the savage proceeding. Bat when he was taken down he turned to the captain and exclaimed, "The best thing you can " now do with me, air, is to throw me overboard, " for you have spoiled the best seaman the " Qua= has on board this ship, and I shall be of "no use to her any more." He was told, with a curse, to hold his tongue and go below. ♦ few months afterwards, when the frigate same home, leave was given to the crew to go whore in watches ; and his conduct had been so exemplarily faultless, that there was no pretence for excepting him when it came to his turn ; but as he jumped into the boat that was to convey him to the shore he pulled off his hat, kissed hand to the officer who had been his persecutor, and cried, "Your tyranny and torture are over now, "for you'll never see me any more ;" and although thus giving fair notice of his resolve not to return, he contrived to elude all attempts at pursuit, leaving his sagacious captain to console himself with the reflection, that he individually was well rid of so firm and fearless a subject. But what is the net revolt of sue♦ inadan"e to the public service f How many years will it take this stupid commander and his lash-loving lieutenant to make a substitute for the man whom they drove by sheer insolence and cruelty out of the Navy The other illustration we are about to mention is of a different sort. The son of a highly respected London tradesman, on the accuracy of whose narrative we can thorongly rely, at the age of fourteen overbore the reluctance of his parents, and was duly entered on board her BLumerr's ship, about • year and • half ago. He had not been long on board ere the spectacle of his youth ful comrades day after day subjected to merciless floggings for the most trifling errors or neglects filled him with such horror that, though he had not himself been subjected to the lash, be secretly made up his mind to quit the ship upon the first opportunity. When anchored in the roadstead of -, he sought in vain permission to go ashore ; and believing that his request had rendered him an object of suspicion, he jumped overboard at midnight, and reached the land in safety. Fow -1 lug to go into the town till the vessel should have sailed, he lay concealed among the rocks and brushwood for nearly three days, hardly tasting food. At length he was found, and, faint with exhaustion, brought back to the ship, and flogged in • manner which it is impossible for us to describe in these columns. After some months the vessel returned home, but it was many weeks before the boy was permitted to communicate with his father. At length he was allowed to pay a visit to his parents, and to detail what he had seen and suffered. It is needless to add that his discharge wad purchased for him. His father would have had him remain at home and take to some other pursuit ; but the lad was not sick of the sea, but of the scourge, and earnestly prayed for permission to enter the merchant service, which he has since done, and in which, with all its comparative disadvantages, he is content and happy. This is the way we unman our navy ; and a precious sum it costs us every year, to say nothing of the shame and infamy of these detestable practices. DEATH OF THE EARL OF ABERDEEN. We regret to announce the death of the Earl of Aberdeen, who ezpined at 10 minutes to 2 o'clock, A.M. this (Friday) morning, at Argyle House, the family mansion in Argyle-street, Regentretweet. Lord Aberdeen had been i• a precarious date of health for some weeks past, and for the het fortnight all hopes of Lis ultimate reooyery were abandons& TER ITALIAN SUBSCRIPTION. ,TES THE CHINA MAIL. •••.•.1......11.•••• FALL OF PEKIN. EYING, DECEMBE: Anse of Shen-ai, which lies to the west a tbst where Pekin is. ibis, if true, would he of great irsporliase, as placing the En Dr in a worse position than ever. Of the Tai-ping rebels we hear little at present. They are reported to have appeared before Han-chow lately, but to have moved off on finding it well garrisoned.. . . From Ningpo we learn that the insurgent move ment in the neighbourhood of Shanghae has consider ably increased the tea and silk trade at the former port. Should the approaches to Shanghae be blocked up by the same cause for any length of time, that may possibly be the means of diverting a considerable amount of the trade of that port to Ningpo, particularly as both the tea and silk dis tricts are nearer to Ningpo than to Shanghae, and there is an easier internal communication with the former. At Etwatow a local difficulty is causing trou ble. The gunboat Weasel proceeded to bombard a village, alleged to be connected with some acts of robbery committed on the property of foreigners resident at Swatow. After the firing had been kept up for about two hours, the master of the gunboat landed, to see how matters were getting on, and fell into the hands of the enraged villagers. These latter treated the captives well, but declared that if any further proceedings were takenthey would put them to death. Lao, the Oovernce-Oeneral of Hwang tuns has been appealed to in their favour and has sent up a proclamation requiring their release. Dr. Winchester, the acting consul, goes home, and his place is now filled by Mr. Robertson, the Canton consul. In Hong Kong the great event of the fortnight has been the visit of the Japanese Ambassadors, in the magnificent steam vessel Niagara. They and their suite have availed themselves of their stay at Hong Kong to make minute inquiries into various institutions of the place. TO TIM =ITO, OF THI CLPILIIIIII. Sts,—My attention has been lately drawn to the eirrempabesee publishe4 in the newspapers respecting the application el the money subscribed to the Garibaldi Fund. I melees an extract of a letter received from a friend at Naples ea the subject : "I ontainly did not wend my mite o(101. for red repub- Brae ; Rad in the idea that you and I are al the came asisioa, I commend to your notice that letter in the news al the 21st Set think) signed • X.' I can assure yon that the Leedom committee must be made to publish their accounts. The mosey has been wasted and squandered to all direction, and none of it is forthcoming when it ought, to pay fur the ' tweet' of volunteers mot out here to Garr , baldi. Where is the money gone? lam going to wit that I question, sad I want you to do the =me. The short wasinp of the committee must be exposed, or no more moss' will be got out of England fur any *liberating pur pose. Now, sir. as woof the earliest subscribers to that fond, I wish to sword my pretest against the ides that I ever in tended to 'apply Marshal with mosey, or to further his My sole wish trim to contribute my mile towards the este liishment of an Italian kingdom and Italian unity under the cesstitutional sceptre of Victor Ernmsuesl ; and in my humble opinion this detinible event can wither be for warded by Massini, nor by the adoption of the opinions held by him and his adherent..—l am, HENRY ALNSLIE HOARI. Stourhead, Wilts, Use. 12. theoutorear. Somerv.—Papers to be read at the meeting oft the 1911 t :-1. On the Geological atireeter• of the Month.weet ilizhlands of Scotland, by T. F. Jamieson, Esq. ; communicated by Sir K. 1. Marebiota, V.P.O.S. 2. On the Position of the Reds of the Old Red fiaadstotie developed in the Counties of Forfar and Law die; by the lies. Hugh Mitchell ; communicated by the secretary. FLIGHT OF THE EMPEROR. 3ARBAROITS TREATMENT OF THE ENGLISH PRISONERS. We have this morning received files of papers from India, China, and Australia, in anticipation of the Overland Mail. The mail has brought the most exciting news that has ever reached these shores from China. Pekin has fallen, without • blow having been struck in its defence, and the allied flags now wave from the walla of the imperial capital. The following are detailed acoounta of these most stirring and important ,events, extracted from the China Mad, the North Chime Herald, and from the letters of correspondents at the seat of war : (From the Chino Moil.) The intelligence from the seat of war is of the highest importance. Tw•o of the gates of Pekin are in our hands. Mr. Harry Parkas and Mr. Loch have been safely returned to us by the Chinese. The army of San-ko-lin-ain is still in the field. The Emperor has fled to Tartary. Pe kin has submitted to us. The wintering of the whole force either there or at Tientsin is now re solved on. In our last Overland we mentioned that the allied army was in a hostile attitude, seven or eight miles from Pekin, waiting for the siege guns, and demanding the release of the captives who had been taken. There does not seem to have been any change in the position of matters from the 22nd of September till the 3rd of October, when an advance was made in search of the Tartar army, which only resulted in a few pickets of the enemy being seen and driven back. On the 6th a further advance resulted in an earthwork near Pekin, where no defence was made, being taken by our troops ; and the Yueng-min-yuen, or summer palace of the Emperor, was taken, and completely looted, affording immense spoil. The chief share of the plunder appears to have fallen to the French, who had the first ransacking of the rich ornaments, jewels and clocks, and watches, the rich robes and embroidered silks of the Son of Heaven ; but &quan tity of the treasure which was taken is to be divided between both French and English. Some privates are said to have sold their shares for about 30,000 francs. The entire British share, including both treasure and private loot, is estimated at about 90,000 dollars. Next day, in reply to a demand for the release of the prisoners, Messrs. Parkes and Loch were given up, together with a French officer and seven or eight prisoners. On the 12th everything was prepared for the first great event of the war—the assault or the occupa tion of Pekin, the uAviolated capital of China, The siege guns and other artillery were in • position to bombard the town, unless it should be surrendered by noon of the 13th ; and the following general order was issued by Sir Hope Grant, for the dia. position and control of the forces under his com mand : Hid]) Qvarrais 11Z1013 PIM, 12th October, 1960. GIINIRAL OMER. Ow regiment to be detailed by the first division will pro ms' to the Temple of Earth this afternoon and be there quiet/red. The Deputy (hinder. emery arranpment will make the ne• All the lire cattle belonging to the commissariat will be driven to the same place to-morrow morning early, and kept there till further orders. The whole of the troops will be furnished to-morrow with two day's rations, cooked, and be held in readiness to turn out at a moment's notion. The Cavalry Brigade will detail lone squadron to patrol in the neighbourhood at the Camp to-morrow : they will move off at 9 a.m. and act according to instructions, which they will receive Later in the day. The whole of the artillery will be placed at the disposal of Brigadier• General Crofton until further orders. In the event of an attack upon Pekin being ordered, the following directions will be observed: As soon as the officer o3mseaniiing Royal Engineers re ports that a practicable breech has been effected in the city will, it will be stormed by the 2ed Mineral Sir R. Napier, K.C.8., will be pleased to make the necessary dispositions. As soon se the wall has been pined the storm ing party will turn to the right, keeping along the ramparts, sod seise the An-ling gate ; this post being pitied, the En gineers and Sappers, who should follow the supporting column, will proceed at once to open the gate below. This post will then be placed in a state of defence with the least possible delay, and be held by & garrison of such strewth as may be 'Nosegay. H. E. most positively forbids any officer or soldier under any pretext whatever to quit the gate or ramparts, or enter any street or house without his express permission con. veyed through the D.-A.-General or that of the Major. Geniesl commanding the Division, and he cannot too strongly impress upon the troops the neeeuity of their restraining from straggling and of keeping in as compact order as possible, not only for their own individual safety, but for the more complete efficiency of the whole force. H. E. takes this opportunity of expressing to the soldiers the satisfaction he felt at their conduct on a late occasion, when a large mount of plunder was at the mercy of the troops. No crime has been brought to H. E. 's notice, and the discipline of the army remains intact. H. E. has ordered all property collected by officers on this ocauion to be sold for the just benefit of all ranks, and he wishes them to bear in mind that be has taken upon Walsall • serious responsibility in appropriating to their benefit the treasure which was found in the Emperor's palace, and which by right belongs to the Crown. The troops are now about to occupy the Imperial city of Pekin, where they will be exposed to many and more serious temptations, and his Excellency trusts that the I boon just conferred upon them will set as an additional inducement to them to preserve their uniform good conduct, end prove to them that they best consult their own interest in maintaining it.—By order, (Signed) F. Snrinageox, Depy.-Adjut-deneral. Just immediately before the period given for surrender would expire, Hangchun came out and said that our demands were acceded to, no resist ance would be made, and the gate was at our dis posal Thereon the outer and inner gates were immediately taken posseesion of ; and a portion of the Allied Faroe was quartered on the wall of Pekin. The Earl of Elgin and Baron Grua are at the military headquarter* ; but as Mr. Bruce has been sent for, it is possible that his lordship does not propose to spend the winter in the North. Mr. Bruce, however, was sent for before, after the occu pation of Tientsin. Count Ignatief, the Russian Minister, followed the Allies to Tientsin, where we believe he is still. Mr. Ward, the American Minister, came down here, the other day, on his way home. There have been rumours published at Shanghae of tho outbreak of a new rebellion—no way con nected with that of the Taipings—in the pro- (From the Overland Register, Oct. 29.) It is distressing to have to note that Capt. An derson and Mr. de Normann died from the effects of the brutal treatment they received at the hands of their Tartar captors. Nine sowers of the Sikh cavalry were released, and reached the camp on the evening of the 12th. At the latest dates, several of the prisoners were still in the hands of the enemy. Among those unaccounted for are Capt. Brabason, and Mr. Bowlby, Times special correspondent. A sergeant of the Sikh C►valry has deposed to the fact that all the prisoners were most inhumanly used, having their wrists bound with cords, an insuffi cient quantity of food supplied them, and otherwise barbarously tortured. Lord Elgin has now entered upon the more legi timate duties of his office. Mr. Bruce has been summoned to attend him at Pekin. In Chinese treachery he has a more formid►ble obstacle to contend with than Tartar troops. It is said to be the intention of the Commander in-Chief to withdraw from Pekin, and make Tien tsin his winter quarters. Lady Grant has left this to join him. England is said to enter into all her wars unpre pared, but the Chinese Expedition presents a laudable exception to this general rule ; for, from the incipient to the ultimate step, so far, all the arrangements connected therewith are worthy of the highest praise. Tho commissariat, even in its moot trifling details, is unexceptionable, and as a oonsequenoe, the general health of the troops has, all along, been excellent. It remains to be seen, however, how the Indian soldier will stand the rigors of a northern winter, which does not offer a pleasant perspective even to the hardy eons of Britain. It is to be hoped that the chiefs of the commisaariat will show as much judgment in catering for the comfort of their charge during the winter as they have done for the summer campaign. Big coats and blankets, warm stockings and flannel shirts, in addition to a well-filled stomach, are great assistants to the efficiency of an army. Doctors and gallipota are, at best, but necessary evils. It is worthy of note, and highly creditable to the ' masters of the merchant shipping employed as transports—British, American, and others—that in the navigation of these, to many of them, un known waters, no casualty worthy of mention has I occurred. (From the North Chios Herold, October 20.) The following letters were brought down by her Majesty's ships Pioneer and Furious : Camp of the British Army, one mile distant from the North-Fasten2 Gate of Pekin, October 9. We encamped here on the 6th. On the same evening the Emperor's summer place Yuen-min-Yuen was taken pos session of, and yesterday Messrs. H. S. Parkes and Henry Loch were liberated and returned to the Embassy. I sent a letter to you from the camp, six miles from Tung-chow, on the 4th, which will probably reach you with this. On the following, the allied forces were ca the march in march of the Tartan, who were supposed to be in great numbers about four or five miles off. The front of the two armies stretched over a large extent of country, but the enemy was not seen, nor any sight of an aban doned camp visible. We halted at 1 o'clock p.m. Re connoitering parties were sent out at night, and they fell in with the Tartar pickets, who fired three &hots at them. On the morning,of the 6th we were again on the move at an early hour, but on reaching the ground where the pickets bad been seen, all was still. Here are some very high brick-kihn, from which several gates and other structures within the walls of Pekin were distinctly seen about five miles distant. Still in pursuit of the retreating enemy, we marched on through a thickly. wooded country until within half a mile of the earthwork which extends along the north side of, and distant one mile from, the capital, where some Tartars were seen among the houses close to. The King's Dragoon Guards went in at them and they fled, leaving eight dead or disabled and one of the dragoons wounded in the skirmish. In a short time after the earthwork was reached, and a gap of 60 or 60 yards opened upon a straight road of the same width leading tothe N.E. gate of Pekin. The troops entered by this gap, and, wheeling to the right, baited where we now are, within the earthwork—an embankment of forty to eighty feet high, which would be a strong defence in the bands of efficient troops. Here the greater part of the British army en camped. Why it did not proceed to the Sommer Palace at once, as was planned, I do not know. The Preach, and most of our cavalry with some artillery did so, but the former did not arrive on the spot until two hours after the latter, who were wasting for the remainder of our army. On the French coming up, the brigadier offered to co-ope- rate with them. They asked him to go round to cut off the Tartars, whilst they attacked the palace. This they did, and found 300 eunuchs in charge of it, and forty men who take care of the gardens, only twenty of whom had guns. They made • alight resistance ; two eunuchs were killed, and two French officers wounded, and they then took pos session of the palace. It u said that the reason our army did not advance was that a body of tirtars were seen to come out of the north_ east gate, and dissppoar in a southerly direction, and that we should follow them. I believe it was a fels o alarm. In the evening • communication was made to the autho- cities, demanding the Mau of the prisoners. A promise was given that those who were in the capital should he released next day. The surrender of the gate was also demanded, with an intimation that it would other wise be taken. The lint has, happily, been complied with, so far that we had tho pleuure yesterday of welcoming the return of Metre. Parkes and Loch, with • French officer attached to the Societb Scientihque, and six or eight French, and panstasiof the Seikh cavarly. They were, whilst with Sen-ko-llia.ein's army, treated in • moat cruel roannsr ; forced to Israel before every mandarin, how- 6O F. their dust ; they were bound T behind 1 atm, sad carried on hones to ___.;-chaer, and thaass, in 4116 sense state, in one of the cu of the country, to Pekin, when they were placed in dae♦soas, and remained so until ten days ago. Mr. Parkes was beaten when he did not instantly reply to a question, and Mr. Loch because he could not speak Chinese. Within the last week these atrocities have been discontinued, and they have met with some consideration. It ►ppears that when the - party wee returning from Tungehow, where you will remember Kr. Parkes went to remonstrate against the Tartars encamping on the ground appropriated to the British army, they arrived at Chang-ki•-wan, where the battle of the 18th was fought, and seeing preparations for an attack, they consulted together whether to charge through them, or to apply to San-ko-lin-sin, who was • abort distance behind, for a paw. They resolved on the latter course. He received them with insult and abuse, and made prisoners of them. They do not know where the rest of the captives are, but suppose them to be with San-ko-lin. sin's army, whether in or out of Pekin is not known. The Summer Palace is about five miles by a circuitous road north-wait of this camp, outside the earthwork. A description of it is given in Staunton's account of Lord Ifacartney's embassy, and other works on China, but no pen can describe correctlyathe scene that boa taken plaos there within the two last days. Indiscriminate loot has been allowed. The public reception hall, the state and private bedrooms, ante-rooms, boudoir,, and every other apartment has been ransacked ; articles of vertu, of native and foreign workmanship, taken, or broken if too large to be canted sway, ornamental lattice work, screens, jade stone ornaments, jars, clocks, watches, and other pieces of me chanism, curtains and furniture—none have escaped from destruction. There were extensive wardrobes of every article of dress ; coats richly embroidered in silk and gold thread, in the Imperial Dragon pat tern ; boots, head-dresses, fans, kc., in fact, rooms all bed filled with them. Store rooms of manufac tured silk in rolls, such as may be bought in Can ton at 20 dole. to 30 dole. per piece. By a calculation made in the rooms, there must have been 70,000 or 80,000 pieces. Hundreds were thrown down and trampled on, and the floor covered thickly with them, men were ;throw ing them at each other, and all taking as many as they could carry. They were used instead of rope to secure the loading of carte filled with them. Throughout the French camp were hundreds of piece., some heaped up, others used to make tents or beds and ooverlida. In the afternoon yesterday, a party of French went through the apartments with sticks, breaking everything that remained—mirrors, screens, panels, &c. Itis said that they did so in revenge for the barbarous treatment the re• twined prisoners, their countrymen, had received. ' A taeasury containing a large quantity of gold ingots and eyes° wirer is under charge of a guard, and is to be divided between the English and French. The total value of property &Mewed would amount to • large instalment of the indemnity claimed. In one of the ante-rooms of the state bed-room at the Summer Palace, the treaty of Tientsin in English and Chi nese, signed by Lord Elgin, was found. It had been thrown on the ground by some one, and lay iu the heap of broken articles, till the English paper evidently attracted the eye of the pence who discovered it. A general order from the British Commander-in-Chief desired that all articles taken by otfioen and men were to be sent in for sale by public auction for the benefit of the army, which we. done. AU were permitted to have the articles they had brought away for themselves valued, and have the option of taking or rejecting them. Many beau tiful curios and souvenirs were thus obtained at a nominal price. The sale realised 32,000 dollars, which, with the value of the treasure, estimated at 61,000 dollars, is to be divided as prise money on the spot. Much dissatisfaction has been expressed at the decision of the Commandevin-Chief that only; those of the troops who marched from the lost halting place on the 6th are to participate in the prize money, all the mat, those at the depot at Tong-chow and °nowhere, being excluded. The Comm;ader-in-Chief and general ;floors have waived their right to share. A gold jog of great value was pre sented to the Commander.in-Chief by the army. Nearly all the articles were sold at very high prices, large enamelled sad inland vases and ornaments realising full Shanghas prices for such articles, the fact of their having been the property of Hien Fuug adding an imaginary value to every thing. The scene where the sale Ives held in the temple lernsehi, occupied by head-quarters, was worthy of the pencil of an artist. Had his Imperial Majesty handed over the whole of the contents of that palace, uninjured, it would have sold for an enormous amount, more than three fourths having been destroyed or taken by the French. All round the vicinity of the palace sit large enclosures, parks, or cemeteries, with trees of gams magnitude ; and many stone bridges over wallahs, the country being very dry at present. Branching off from the palace are several paved roads, and just outside of it is the French camp by the side of two large lotus ponds. It is reported that they are to leave that plaos to-day and take up a position on oar left. They wish to take the west gate of the city, which is the only one open, but it is objected to, as the i Emperor's brother, the Prince Hung, would not be able to enter the city, should he be induced to return hom the country to which, it is said, he has fled. We propose to take one of the gates on the north ride near to this camp, and shall do so as soon as the siege guns, which have been ordered up, arrive. I have not learnt what is then to be done. It is sup posed the army will not enter Pekin in any case, but that the officers will be allowed to do so with a pain. The utter destruction of the interior of the Summer Palsr.e, where, be it remembered, Lord Amherst, as ambassador from Eng. land, was insulted, is but small punishment for the Em peror's contumacy, and the treatment of the prisoners who were captured whilst on • peaceful mission ; yet the like visitation being inflicted on the palace in Pekin might be impolitic, though deserved. That would not only utterly destroy the present government, but prevent the organisa tion of • new one under our protection, should it be desira ble to do so. The prompt release of the prisoners on our near approach to the capital proves that only a firm policy can snooped with this government. It is to be hoped that the lame will be persisted in, and that no terms short of our demand will be accepted. Whether we shall treat before the rest of the prisoners are released is not made known. If San ko-lin•sin remain obdurate notwithstanding the defeat of his army at all points, we may have to do so, or the end will never come. At sunrise of the morning after we arrived here, a salute of 21 guns was fired by the artillery to announce our posi tions to the prisoners, and to our cavalry and artillery which bad creased our trail and gone on to the Summer Palace, expecting to find the army there. The Emperor is reported to have gone to his palace, Ze bol, in Tartar', where Lord ilacartney was received. He has thirteen wives with him. P.S. The siege gang have arrived, and I believe the gate will be summoned to-morrow. There is a report that a put of the Summer Palace is on fire. The buildings are many and detached, yet I think it very probable they will be destroyed, the feeling being so strong against the Chinese on account of the barbarous treatment of the prisoners. The following is a separate account of the affair' at the palace : The French column, together with Col. Fettle's Brigade of 1 , Cavalry, advanced on Yuen•mio•yuea, the English column rather nearer Pekin. a large body of the enemy having been observed (near the village now occupied by us). The French entered with only two casualties, two officers being wounded by the eunuchs of the palace. The following day no signs of the French being visible, the English fired 21 guns to attract attention, and later in the morning the Commander in-Chief learned where they were. Lord Elgin, Mr. Wade, Sir H. Grant, Sir& Napier, and their respective staffs proceeded to the palace, and found the French had been comfortably established there, and that. a great portion of the principal valuables bad been already taken away, leaning the heavy, but leas valuable articles for the English, or at least what things the French could not carry they left form. No de scription can give an idea of the splendour of this residence. The entrance or reception hall is paved with marble, and painted with gold, azure. and scarlet in the most gorgeous style. The throne of the Emperor is of beautiful carved dark wood, and the cushions, embroidered with gold dragons, attracted general admiration ; every inner chamber and ..loon was very handsomely fitted lip, and the rolls of silk, satin, and crape, all of splendid workman ship, splendidly furnished cummerbunds and pugearees for the French soldiers, who appear to have adopted our cus tom in this respect. The dude stone aud china 'sere of great value, and some Sevres china of Louis Qustirre would have delighted the oyes of many a curio fancier ; aud a presentation sword, with the English coat of arms, studded with gems, and evidently of antiquity, gave rise to sonic speculation. The last treaty of Tientsin was also found, and the immense quantity of loot of ; a kinds made it almost impossible to know what take away. Some idea of the quantity of silk may be given by the fact that fowls, old pots. /i e ., were wrapped in the most costly silks and satins. All tk, ladies bad disappeared, but their little Japanese dogs, son,. thing resembling aging Charles spaniel, were running about in • distracted state. Mr. Wade secured some valuable books and papers, some we believe for the British Museum. The Emperor bad left the day before, but his destination is, I believe, unknown. It is said that • panic took place amongst the French, and that they evacuated the puke% returning, however, when the alarm subsided. One thing is certain—our allies took can of themselves. Camp before Pekin, Oct. 13,1800, Lag evening nine sowers of the Sikh cavalry were re. leased, and came into camp. They bring the dietrunieg news that Captain Anderson and Mr. de Norman died from the effects of the brutal treatment received from the Tartars, the former on the 81,1 a, the latter on the 11th day after they were captured. The wounds caused by the cools binding their wrists, insufficient food, and other inhuman tortures, had caused their death. One of thee! Sikhs, a sergeant, was found with them. He survived, and has made a deposition of the facts. They are all Adelina much, and it will be long before they an return to duty. They were brought from a town some thirty or forty miles off, to which they were conveyed soon after their capture. No information has been obtained shout the two other Europeans, Captain &abeam and lir. Bowlby, Timis special correspondent. The Emperor accedes to all our demands. Harry Parkes and Colonel Stephenson, the Deputy-Adjutant-General, went to a Hall of Reception outside, this morning, to confer with Hung Key (late Hoppo of Canto). They told him the city would be bombarded if it was not surrendered at noon. The siege guns were in position, and other artillery ready to open fire, at the hour appointed, when, at a quarter before twelve, Hung Key came.out and said all oar demands were wooded to—the gate was open and no resistance would be made. The generals and staff, with the Punjaubees and 67th Regiment, than entered the outer sent inner gates, awl ascended to the ramparts and took possession of the gate and annmber of brass inns (thirty, I believe), end mounted our gnus in their place. The British Jack and the French Tricolour were hoisted, the former on a high pole by the side of the gate, the latter out of one of the portholes, when they show that Pekin is in the occupation of the allies, and that the vaunted invincibility of the Imperial Celestial City was a myth. The wall is 60 feet wide and paved, and the troops inside have their tent, pitched on it. The only thing the Chinese asked was that the Chinese coolies should not be allowed to eater the city. This was conceded. Diplomacy will now again take the place of war, and we aball watch with great anzietyand doubt the successful result. It is reported that the general intends to return to Tientsin in about a fortnight under any circumstances, desiring not to be overtaken by winter ; if he does we have no security for the fulfilment of any stipulations, and the war will have to be renewed after the season. We might winter in Pekin as well as at Tientsin, as our numbers would be but a small per centage on its popula tion, said to be two millions. It is said we shall not treat until the remainder of the prisoners are accounted for. The pressure of the people is said to have had great weight in inducing the authorities to yield. I believe that their yielding now, under pressure, is the mama as at Tientsin in 1858 ; and that if we retire from hence they will again break their engagements. There is DO other guarantee for us than keeping the ground we have gained, having beaten the army out of the field. Letters were found in the palace from San-ko-lin-sin to the Emperor, assuring him of his confidence in being able to annihilate us by the arrangements he had made on the road at Chan-kia-wan, where the battle of the 18th ultimo wan fought. He begged the Emperor to have no apprehen sions as to the results; that having ascertained how few our numbers were, he was confident he could surround and de. 'troy us. Tim garrison of Pekin is reported to be 60,000 to 70,000 men, or 8 standards of 8,000 each ; but probably not three. fourths of that number saint. There were a few guns on the wall opposite to our bat• tory, and our works for riflemen extended to within 190 yards of the wall. ben-ko-lin-sin, it is said, wee in Pekin this morning. (for Commercial Intelligence, ace p. 41.) INDIA. The following telegram ham been received at Mr. Renter's office : BOMBAY, Nov. 16. The sth Europeans have mutinied at Dinapore, and have been disbanded. One man was shot. The combination against the income tax con• tinues to be maintained in Bombay. AUSTRALIA. Our latest advises from Melbourne are to Oct. 25. The Melbourne Herald, of that date, says : There are no political events of importanoe to report this month. The meeting of the legislature has been postponed till the 20th November. Ministers are busily engaged in preparing their estimates for next year, and are, of course, very reticent respecting their intended scheme of policy for the next session. The yield of the precious metal shows a falling off u compared with previous years. The quantity of gold brought down by escort since the date of our last sum- mary was 150,072 ounces, as compared with 160,531 ounces iu the corresponding period of the previous year ; while during the same periods of 1800 and 1859 shipments were respectively 167,386 and 196,031 ounces. This latter defi ciency, is, however, more apparent than real, as the Great Britain, which sailed yesterday, took 118,560 ounces. The commercial incidents of the past month have not been of an unusual or striking character. Business has main tained a steady course, being neither remarkably depressed nor the reverse. We have not suffered from a general " crisis," nor have we been quickened into speculative ex citement. This quiet unvarying tenor is of course nautili factory to many whose commercial existeuce almost depends upon frequent and violent fluctuations, but to houses of established reputation and extensive connexions it is the surest guarantee of prosperity. That very dangerous species of fanaticism, known u re vivalism, is spreading on some of our goldfields ; several poor women at Tarrengower having already beco.ne insane under its effect'. Prayer meetings are reportel to have been held iu various districts, and the chapel bells have been kept constantly ringing. Although there is reason to believe the reports on the subject are exaggeratel there is nu doubt some truth in them, and it is said that the Yarn Bend has already received accessions to its unhappy in- mates from this cause. The volunteer movements still progressing, tho colony beicg able to boast now of 5,000 volunteers, the most of whom are well trained, and lit for active service. SYDNEY, Oct'. 24. Business generally quiet. Ale mad porter much inquired for ; prices firmer. In the Assembly this evening the Land Bill is under dir• cussion. In the Council the debato ou the Upper House Constitution Bill is progrem.ing. News from Taranaki (Sew Zealand) to the 13th instant, confirms the previous intelligence. General Pmtt returned to Taranaki to protect that plane from the anticipated attack by the Waikato.. The Waika.oe were not tiles B:peeled for a week. Captain Paden. was reported wounded in the leg ►t Kaihihi on the 11th. CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN MAILS. The following telegram has been received at Mr. Reuter'a office from the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company, Dec. 14 : The Pera:with the heavy portion of the Calcutta, China, and Australian mails, left Malta at 7 p.m. on the 7th, and may therefore be expected at Southampton in the course of the 16th. The Ellora (from Southampton on the 27th Nor.) reached Malta ou the 6th instant at 6 a.m., and sailed fur Alexandria at noon. The Bombay left Suez for Bombay, and the Singapore (with extra mails, &c., of 12tn.io ISth Nov.) for Calcutta on the 9th ult. I