The Express. — London, England, 1861-10-03 00:00:00

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THIS Errxrct.Tlti: I I "11 - 47.V)1 PL AVIN O WITH I , IIIIC. Mrson. • 1 un. Lyekr. 11. V. 1.1 licoloslo, J..r.10n Ur I rarl.4t4 Lycler...i. R. Lawler...l, ita..l rilL CARIKALDI taccessosisTs. AT. JA Drs. II ansumr. 31r. Alfred Wilma. The are ram.. rttioly Infieswett that this theatre will re. opts tut Lee "ti Lundy, Oct. 14. NEW ROYALTY. tw•lnalrimi.lhfiwll.atrert. t lairs 111.. hiseetkow .4 ?IJIk. Aliana .II Ithroia. The public are n....asalfally Informal" that this 1 heatre will opus at earl) pcfMaL BRITANNIA. fill rArtn, Tla: 1ai41,14: 1W THE 0 1WHANS.—Tin Orrst Nlairkney. -- Vetere, Strplum.—TH WATEIt HA S. Mr. J. Plailap.t.no leopl Dr.. W. enoelord.—Aol la:I/JOHN THE LAW , :. Mrs.. E. 11.4ther.—Cummesee M lull pot C. emu WATIA AT IA)TOON 11111001. !nth DAY—flambe& OIL H1M.... Atlarsess. 11 1.1 21 11. To 5c0.r...,w-11..tnirg, lb. Sta..— Alarrsoa. 1► L. LuNDuN, THURSDAY, OCT. S. TO OUR READERS. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. A !ate edition of the Express is published every evenisg (hiring the racing seam; containing the results of the da►•'s races. Tue most superficial observers of American affairs are saying now that the beginning of the end of American slavery has arrived. Better informed persons know that the beginning of the end was ou a certain day thirty years ago, when a handful of citizens determined that slavery should cease, and that the end itself is now near. The last week has thrown new light upon various parts of the field of observation which nono can long pretend nut to see, or to interpret in all ways but the right. A most int•restirg question has been what the PRESIDENT would do about General FREMONT'S Pro clamation announcing freedom to the slaves of rebel proprietors in Missouri. For many days the Northern millions were keeping anxious watch, dreading the recall of the popular General. The PRErilloi.NT was never an Abolitionist; he had taken all possible pains to make this understood before his election : and he has since given every possible evidence of his intention to adhere to his construction of the Constitution, and to the auppoesd opinion of the majority of the Northern citizens. Nobody, therefore, could have been sur prised if General Fareimr had been removed as MOOD as a mall could reach him. But the PRE SIDENT took some days to consider—that is, to inquire—and the feeling of public satisfaction at what FREMioNT has done is so wide-spread, hearty, and unmistakeable, that his position as Ge neral of the West cannot be mailed from Washington. He has nothing to fear from that quarter ; and Mr. LINCOLN declares with all frankness that ho will not undertake to control the policy of any of the generals charged with the responsibility of any important section of the war, because the vigour and wisdom of their action depend largely on their independence in their own function. Ile believes Isesiiisr'is Proclamation to transcend the scope of the new law ; and he has written to the General to say so, and to re finest him to modify the terms of his manifesto. But he leaves him free to conduct his campaign in his own way, and to judge of the right course to pursue as to the slaves as circumstances arise. It would be easy to show why events must take a particular turn in Missouri, whatever may be the military conduct and fortunes of the respective parties ; but it is more important to turn to what is actually going forward in part remote from the field of war. From the time whoa General Brrtza made himself the exponent of the perplexity and indecision of the Government and the people about the treatment of the negroes who turned up on the march of the forces, there has been a growing conviction that the thing most needed was that all parties should know one another's minds. F11410147'8 act has art everybody saying this, and consulting how to arrive at a general understanding. To the Paz mower, above all, it is necessary that the people should explain themselves ; and they are bestir ring themselves to do it. Steps had been taken before by far-sighted citizens to make the abolition of slavery the avowed object of the struggle, on the ground that slavery was the cause of the sec tional strife, and that it could never again be as sumed to be compatible with republican institu tions. Suddenly it appears that almost everybody is of the same mind, and that it only remains to settle what plan shall be proposed to Government, and what organization shall be formed, to com municate with Government first, and to support its action afterwards. The citizens are in consultation in the towns, and meeting for conference in country places ; and we shall soon be seeing how they express themselves in laying open their minds to the PRE PIDENT and his Cabinet. One memorial which lies before us is sufficiently clear in its terms to show that there can be no going back—no settling down again under the compromises of the consti tution ; while the businesslike character of the Northern mind appears in singular contrast to the confusion of those persons on both sides of the Atlantic, who fancy that negro emancipation means servile war, massacre of whites, ruin of plantations, and extinction of industry, instead of being the only security against these calamities, which no other means can avert. The citizens thus combining and consulting per ceive that something decisive must be resolved on and announced immediately. There are nearly 2,000 fugitive slaves at Fortress Monroe, and many hundreds more in the camps about Washington. The North Carolina slaves are thronging to Fort Hatteras, and General FREMONT also has his hands full. During the summer months and warm weather these negroes have had work in the camps and ou the defences, but the cold weather is now at hand, and preparations must be made for housing them through the winter. The most timid and oven pro-slavery citizens declare that the only possible course is to employ these negroes as labourvrs (ss labourers are in the North) for the present, whatev..r terms may be made with their owners fur tho future. This led, some week's ago, THE EXPRESS', 'THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 3, 1861. ' to the discussion of the terms which would be prac ticable hereafter, and it then appeared that there would probably bo manifested, on any proper annuli MS, a prevalent willingness to supply the money necessary for working the plantations of the South, on condition of the freedom of the negross. Staunch Abolitionists, who would deny to all eternity the possibility of property in man, and who would not pay a cent for any number of human beings, are yet willing to help in starting the method of free labour in Southern fields. It is well understood that the slave-owners will gain, in a pecuniary sense, by any peaceful and orderly emancipation of their slaves. The value nominally adhering to the slave practically 'asides in the land ; and the market value of land increases to at least the no minal value of the slaves upon it as soon as those slaves become free labourers. Further, the wages of free labourers amount to much less, as every slave•owner incessantly declares, than the initiate navies of the enslaved negro population on the estate. Thus, emancipation is good for the for tunes of the planters ; but, as capital may be wanted during the inauguration of a new system, it is fur Northern citizens to say whether they will contribute this aid ; and it appears that they are ready and willing, as far aa can as yet be ascer tained. But how is it to be done ? This is a question which events are answering every day. Wherever the armies go, Slavery becomes necessarily extinct. The owners and overseers are absent ; the slaves ask for work and wages: there is no possibility of driving them of now ; and there will be no possibility of ren dering them up to a new slavery hereafter. Tho rallying points are already numerous, and there will be more as naval expeditions obtain a foot hold for the North all round the Southern coasts. While this is . going on at the circumference, the inhabitants of the high land wh;ch forms the central region are perceiving their opportunity for abolishing Slavery, which they have desired to do for a long course of years, and have proposed when ever they saw a chance of being listened to. There are plenty of the old school of slaveholders in the iuterior—men and women who regard Slavery as a curse, and who detest, as heartily as any Northern people, the doctrine of the new school, that Slavery can be the basis of a Republic in the 1 9th century. These are ways in which emanci pation will take place, with or without the sanction and good will of Government and people. But neither Government nor people desire or choose that such a process should be left to chance. They see that no sagacity, no prudence, no zest, no forbearance can be too great for the occasion ; and under such a conviction, the people at least are advancing towards maturity of counsel, how ever it may be with the Government. The view is—that the Northern millions should, through Congress or Convention, obtain from the Execu tive a declaration of the personal freedom of every individual within the bounds of the Republic, wherever the flag appears ; that wherever the flag advances the reorganization of the Slave States should be effected, unless undertaken by the per sons in residence, by the labour, care, experience, and, if necessary, the money of the Northern citizens, who have prosperously achieved the abo lition of Slavery on their own soil. Those who understand the existing organization of estates in the South will see that the proposed plan is simply a modification of that which already exists. There are Northern men on almost every plantation as managers. They are not favourable specimens of anything but Northern capacity for management ; but they do prove that much. A better order of agents would organize the labour on estates so as to produce more wealth than ever before, while extinguishing the fatal social and political evil which has broken up the Republic. Such an agency would be at once a protection to whites and blacks during the early days of the new period. _ _ " This South will not submit to be so dealt " with," we shall hear on every aide. Of course the new school of slaveholders will not, except as • consequence of defeat in war. It is &question whether a large proportion of the older aristocracy will not hail such a deliverance from the incubus of their lives. Hero, however, occurs the consi deration of pressing actual importance—whether • distinction shall be made in the next proclama tions between the slaves of loyal citizens and rebels. The reply will probably be that no suck distinction should be made, for two reasons at least —that the North has had enough of • Southern policy of masked batteries, of hypocrisy, and treachery, such as this distinction would encourage; I and that there can never be thorough loyalty to • democratic republic on the part of slaveholders-- slaveholden who cling to that sort of "property" after such a quarrel as is now grounded upon it. Whatever may bo the policy decided on, it is a sign that the true cause of the struggle is coming to the front when the men of the North are offer ing " all they have at stake in the great crisis for " the re-organization, as the flag advances, of the " States now convulsed by treason, anarchy, and " despotism "—the constitutional basis of the new method being the " equal legal liberty which " affords the only guarantee of union, the only " security of industry and wealth, and the only " poesibility of peace." DENMARK. COPENHAGM, SEPT. 25. As both the French and German papers have busied themselves a good deal about Danish affairs of late, it may interest your readers to know the actual state of public feeling here. The only question that really excites attention and discussion in Denmark at present is the constitutional one relative to the position of Holstein in the monarchy; that relating to the succession, though no doubt important, is for the present, at all events, in abeyance. The rumours on this subject which have appeared in the French and German papers, and which through them have found their way into your own columns, are due ahuost entirely to the ingenuity of foreign journalists. The consti tutional question is the one that urgently' presses for solution, and which until it is settled must absorb every other. I shall OM WIC myself to a abort account of the present state awl proposed solution of this difficulty. The recent concessions made by the Danishgovernment, at the instance of England, are, as you know, essen tially of a temporary and contingent character. The Danish government undertook not to legis late for the whole monarchy until the question relating to Holstein was settled, provided this were done within a limited and definite period. That period was understood on both sides to be until the meeting of the Rigsrath, or Danish parliament, in January next. The British government, acting as friendly counsellor or referee, had strongly re conuuended that an attempt should be made to settle the dispute touching the Duchies by direct negotiation between Denmark and Germany, and the Danish government, responding to this sugges tion, opened communications with the govern ment of Prussia about two months ago. In proof of its sincerity and "sanest desire to bring about a settlement, the Danish government undertook to stay all legislation for the whole monarchy until a sufficient time had elapsed for effective negotiation. About six months were in fact allowed fur agreeing upon some plan fur a final adjustment of the diffi culty. It is understood here that the Danish government is prepared with such a plan. It would of course be premature, even if it were possible, to give the details of this scheme, but it is based on the principle of separating those parts of the monarchy belonging to the Germanic Con federation from the rest. The Duchies of Holstein and Lauenburg are the only parts of the monarchy that are represented in the Confederation, and the proposal is that in future the King of Denmark, whoever he maybe, shall be ex-officio Duke of Hol stein and Lauenburg, those duchies being at the same time practically separated from the rest of the kingdom. Their affairs would be wholly managed by their own estates. In finance, legislation, and administration they would be independent, their connexion with the rest of the monarchy being repre sented at most by a small fixed contribution to the navy. Even this, however, were it likely to occa sion much difficulty, would probably not be in sisted on. This plan would amount, you will see, to a practical giving up of these Duchies—no slight sacrifice for a small kingdom like Denmark to make. Nor would the government be willing to make such a serious sacrifice, except for the sake of securing a final settlement of this vexed question. Deumark would consent to this virtual separation of the Duchies only on condition of obtaining a formal guarantee for the integrity and independence of the rest of the kingdom. Germany must henoe forth finally abandon all attempt at interference in the domestic politics of Denmark. After all, this is a must moderate demand, and but for the unjusti fiable encroachments and pretensions of the Diet, it would be needless to make it. The Diet will have to give up nothing except the injurious attempt to exercise influence and usurp authority beyond its legitimate sphere. The Diet has really nothing whatever to do with the Duchy of Schleswig. It has never belonged to the Confederation, it is not a member of the Diet. The majority of its inhabi tants are not only Danish, but earnestly desire a closer union with the rest of the monarchy ; and Germany has no more right to interfere with the affairs of the Duchy than France has to iuterfere iu the government of Canada because a part of the population happens to be French. Denmark would thus make a substantial sacrifice, while Germany is simply called upon to renounce its unreasonable pretensions and aggressive action. The fair and moderate nature of the proposal thus attributed to the Danish government is the best proof of its earnest desire to bring the dispute to a speedy awl final issue. Should Prussia, as the representative of Germany, eider on the negotiations in a spirit of equal sincerity, there would be every prospect of a settlement being arrived at on the basis proposed. But if on the other hand Prussia should find new pretexts for delay, and show a disposition to keep the question open for its own purposes, it will obviously be the interest of the Western powers, fur the sake of peace as well as for the sake of their commercial relations with Denmark, to press for a settlement on the moderato terms proposed while such a temperate and pacific settlement is possible. So long as the question remains open there is a chronic danger of war breaking out in the north of Europe. The Diet will be continually threatening federal execution, while Denmark will be continually arm ing to resist unreasonable demands. On the other side, the commercial aspect of the dispute is by no means unimportant. Denmark, for its size and popu lation, is one of England's best customers. All the coal used in this, country comes from England, and every year a larger quantity of cot ton ant iron, besides linen, salt, and other articles are imported. On the other Laud, Denmark is now exporting annually to the English market a large amount of corn and cattle. The value of the corn alone exported during the last commercial year was upwards of a million sterling. Denmark would soon be able to supply the English markets with grain to a far greater extent than at present. The soil in Jutland and the islands is wonderfully fertile, and everywhere agriculture is improving. But the want of a more liberal tariff arrests the commercial development that would otherwise take place. Su long, however, as this wretched dispute about the Duchies remains unsettled there can be nu legislation for the whole monarchy, no legislation even for Denmark Proper, and therefore no com mercial reform. The scheme of a more liberal commercial policy has been prepared by the government, and only awaits the settlement of the dispute with Germany to become law. It clearly is not for the interest of the Western powers, and, above all, it cannot be the interest ' g of en E e i ra m l l l d moe , to " sup w po el r l t as the in Di arre et in distur bi ng commercial reforms, and preventing the development of a nang trade iu the north of Europe. A little diplomatic pressure now would probably suffice to bring this long quarrel to a conclusion. One thing at least is is certain—that concession here has reached its ut most limit. The concessions recently made by the Danish government almost proved fatal to the strongest and most popular ministry of modern times. The admission of Mr. Orla Lehmann, the' new Home Secretary, to the cabinet, has, no doubt, strengthened the government, and will probably enable it to weather the storm. But his presence in the ministry is a pledge of decisive action in the matter of the Duchies. Cm Wolin. --o-- BALMORAL, OCT. 1. The Queen, accompanied by the Princess Alice and Prime Arthur, aid attended by Lady Churchill, drove yesterday up Glen Buick, when ponies were in waiting, and her Majesty rode over the Coils home. Princes& Ho heolehe accompanied the Qoaan to the Glen of /Luck, and drove back agile. The Pence, Consort nod Prince Louie of Hesse went, out delewndking. The Prince of Wales, attended by Major General the lion. R. Bruce and Captain Grey, arrived at the castle at half pant five o'clock. The Hon. Arthur Gordon had an interview with the Duke of Newcastle on Tuesday at the Colooial-office. The Duke of Newcastle left London yesterday for Clutn herlark, Notts. His Imperial Highness Duke Nicolas of Leach timbers, sosoinpanissl by General Rehbioder, Las returned to Cloridge's Hotel from fleotlead. The Prince Leon de Itadziwill Ilan left Footores Hotel for Paris. His Excellency Signor M. Murillo and suite (Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plegipotentiary to the governments of Fiance, Belgium, and Italy) arrived at the Dragrwiek, Jorroyn-street, last night from New Grenada. The Duke de Gramont has left Fenton's Hotel for Paris. Lord Churchill has arrived at the St. George's Hotel. Lord de Lisle and Dudley has loft the St. George's 111:44. Yesterday, the marriage wee celebrated at St. Nary's, Chelan, b 7 the Right Rev. Dr. Nanning. of Sir John Simeon, Bart, of Swainetoti, Isle of Wight, to the Roe. Cstheeiee Dorothea Colville, wooed daughter of the late Geo. the Roc Sir Charles Colville, O.CD The Lord Chancellor has presented the Rev. Hoary Teak, ILA., of St. lo bes College, Cam. bridge„ veer of Roystoe, seer Barrie', Yorkshire, to the rectory of Devises. LATEST INTELuotNei PRUSSIA AND AUSTRIA. The Dresden Jourtsal states that after the corona tion of the King of Prussia, direct negotiations will commence with the object of establishing more intimate relations with Austria ; and with this purpose a member of the royal family, perhaps the King himself, will visit Vicuna towards the end of the autumn. The Culognc Uuutte says that the Prussian people will view every step of this kiud with the greatest aversion. "We know only too well," says t h at journal, "that Austria, after having exhausted her own energies in vain attempts to maintain her fatal domination beyond the Alps, labours unceasingly to throw her ruinous burden upon the shoulders of Prussia. What we learn of Count Bern storff, our Minister of Foreign Affairs, seems to indicate that that diplomatist, whose views are not very broad, is disposed to asso ciate Prussia with Austrian bankruptcy. The Prussian Diet, however, has protested solemnly in its address to the King against any sacrifice on the part of Prussia for the sake of Venetia. This pro test of our Chambers is a weight which, in a con stitutional country, presses enormously in the balance." The Bone Gazette, on the same subject, says : "Austria, in return for the Prussian guarantee, offers a share in the command of the federal army, the right of garrison at Mayan*, and other things of similar insignificance, which must come to Prussia without the obligation of a guarantee. All that we know," Hays the Guzette, " proves that Venetia should be considered a lost post, which Austria will do well to renounce as soon as possible. Austrians who reflect are agreed on this point." ROME. COLLISION BETWEEN FRENCH TROOPS AND DOURBONISTS. The following particulars of a recent collision between the French troops in the Roman states and a party of liourboniats, armed and fitted out under the combined protection of the Pope and Napoleon 111., are authentic. Veroli, a little town surrounded with ancient walls, situate on the Neapolitan frontier, near Frosinone, was some short tune since occupied by a detachment of the 19th Regiment of the line, commanded by a captain, whose special orders were to watch Sera and to prevent any armed force from crossing the frontier. On September 22, this captain received information that iu the course of the night a convoy of arms, munitions, and money, sent from Rome to the brigand Chiavone, would pass by Veroli. He accordingly ordered a French lieu tenant, with a party of twenty men, to lie in ambush at a convenient place for the purpose of intercepting this convoy. At 1 in the morning the expected Bourboniata, who were seven in number, approached with their valuable baggage, and the lieutenant would have surrounded them and made them prisoners, but unfortunately a dog, which but accompanied the French, began barking, and thus betrayed their position. The Bourbonists, when they saw the red breeches, fired a volley upon them and then took to flight. Their fire killed a French soldier, and the lieutenant had the nar rowest possible escape. They were pursued, but all got clear off except the leader, who was found hiding behind a hedge. This man, who has now got himself into a moat serious scrape, turns ont to be a young captain of the ex-King of Naples' army, named Ricci. He has been taken to Castle Angelo, and will be tried by a French court-inar tial. The French captured on this occasion forty muskets, being part of the celebrated depot of arms which General do Goyon supinely allowed the Pope to get hold of after they had been delivered up to the French by fugitives from Francis H.'s army, and also a sum of 3,000 fr. in French gold and silver, which is supposed to have come from the legitimist committee at Rome. POLAND. The Dibsts of to-day publishes a long memorial addressed by the Roman catholic bishops of Po land to Count Lambert, Governor-General,petition. ing him to make known their grievances to the Em peror. They allege that the free exercise of their religion is hampered by arbitrary restrictions, and that they are placed at a disadvantage, in various ways, with the orthodox church. Count Lambert has refused to receive this appeal. (mimes na.goiums.) ITALY. FLORENCE, Ocr. 3. _ _ The Nazione of to-day publishes • letter from Rome announcing that brigand expeditions were in preparation at Civita Vecchia, Fiumicino, and Porto d'Anro. The same letter states that it was reported that similar expeditions would likewise bet out from Malta and Marseilles. ROY% OCT. 1. The official Giorna/e di Roma of to-day an nounces the following nominations to the post of Papal Nuncio : Mgr. Chigi, to Paris ; Mgr. Gonella, to Munich ; and Mgr. Ledochowski, to Brussels. Monsignor Granalli is appointed provisional Secretary to the Council, and Monsignor Fallon: Regent of the Apostolical Chancery. SERVIA. BELORADE, OCT. & Colonel Borowitzka, the Austrian consul, having shown disrespect to the Prince of Berrie, at a ball, the whole body of Servian officers have drawn lota, in order to decide which of their nuui ber should challenge the consul to a duel TURKEY AND MONTENEGRO. RAGUSA, Ocr. 2. Omer Pachs still remains at Gstzko. The day before yesterday 300 Turks attempted to drive away the Caimacau of Trebigne, because in administering justice he made no distinction be tween blahommedans and Christiana. PAM, Ocr, 2. The Petrie publishes news from Montenegro stating that the Prince was using his influence to restrain the impetuosity of the population, and prevent them from assuming the offensive, in order that Europe might see that the Turks, and not the Montenegrins, were the aggressors. THE INTERVENTION IN MEXICO. PARIS, Oar. 2. The Patrie of this evening says :—" The state of things in Mexico is becoming worse. " The fall of Juarez is expected to take place shortly. " demonfort has re-entered Mexico on the northern frontier. " The negotiations for an arrangement between England, Franoe, and Spain in reference tollozioo, bare not been interrupted." SPAIN. MADRID, Ocr. 2. The Queen bag returned to Madrid. AMERICAN MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, OM. 3. The Hamburg and American Company's steam ship Hammonia baa arrived off Cowes. She brings 231 pus/seniors fur England, France, and Hamburg, and 2,250 d u ls. i u u p Lc i o f or England.i j THE EAST INDIA AND CHINA MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, Off. 2. The Peninsular and Oriental Cutupany's steamer Ceylon, Captain Evans, has arrived her e with the heavy portion of the above mails. She briug4 63 passengers, 11,0801. in specie, 713 packages general cargo, and 2,023 bales of silk, value 175,0001. The Indus left Gibraltar for the East. on the 27th tilt. Her Majesty's ship Supply,with stores, arrived at Gibraltar on the 24th ult. The Sauspared was to leave for England on the 28th ult. The Ceylon spoke the Ellora off Cape Finisterre on the 30th ult. At Gibraltar, on the 28th tilt., exchanges and freights were unaltered. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (nox on OWN comusseonnr.) PARIS, WZDNESDAT EVENING. Before the King of Prussia arrives at Compiegne an anonymous pamphlet will be published in Paris, which, if be should attach any importance to it, will be calculated to make him comfortable as to the designs of France, but uneasy as to those of another equally near neighbour. This pamphlet, I am given to understand, does really proceed from "very high inspiration." It will nut be published by Dente but by Amyot, in order, as it is artfully whispered, "the better to throw people off the scent." Notwithstanding all such precautions, how ever, we know by experience that if the work really emanates from the Emperor care will be taken that it shall make a great noise. Without, therefore, pledging myself as to the accuracy of a matter of fact not likely to remain long doubtful, I will merely give an outline of the argu ment of this pamphlet, which, I ant assured on us good authority as can reasonably be had in such case, is important. The title is "The Rhine and the Vistula." France, it is protested, does not want the Rhine, which would be worth nothing to her as a frontier ; she has already quite as much of the German element as she wants in the French community, and there fore has no aggressive designs upon Belgium ; at the very utmost a slight "rectification" of her frontier towards Sarrebruck, just for the sake of symmetry, is all that she could desire. Germany, therefore, has nothing to fear from France—the Rhine is safe ; but can as much be said of the Vis tula t Russia is the power which Germany has to fear. Russia, though crippled at present, is watching her opportunity, and will certainly be aggressive before long. The pamphlet concludes that the only way for Germany to guard herself against Russia is to encourage the reconstitution of Poland. It is rumoured in diplomatic circles that Russia has sent a comminatory note to the Porte, remon strating against the expedition to Montenegro ; there is oven a talk of a Russian fleet being sent to Cater°, and it is said that Austria is very uneasy at the projected movement. There was a good deal of fluctuation at the Bourse to-day, the Rente having oscillated between 68fr. 40c. and 68fr. 6c. in the course of an animated struggle between the bulls and the bears. The closing prices were 68fr. for cash and 68fr. 15c. for account, being a fall of 15c. in the first case, and • rise of 15c. in the latter. Mobilier fell 10fr. The railway market was unset tled. Southern fell 10fr. ; Western, 6fr. 25c.; Northern, 3fr. 70c. ; and Eastern, 2fr. 60c.; but Lyons rose Mr., and Orleans left off without change. A further restrictive measure of the Bank of France contributed to depress the market—viz., a resolution to reduce the proportion on which ad vances will be made on shares and obligations from 6 per cent. to 4 per cent. The Constitutionna has the following : We have several times alluded to the difficulties which the settlement of the claims of the Bank of Franca on the principal bankers of the Levant has encountered at Con stantinople. Oue of our correspondents now informs us that this af►ir has been definitively settled to the satiafac• tioo of all the parties concerned. The Bank of France still holds the bills of the bankers indebted to it, but has allowed them time for payment on receiving guarantees and regular transfers of their claims on the Otkumin government. By this arrangement the bank has secured the full payment of its claims in the course of two years at most, by means of monthly instalments, and his prevented the evil results which a longer suspension of business must have inevitably produced on the trade of Galata. This settlement has not been attained at once, nor without difficulty. The bank was obliged to send a commiesion to Constantinople with full powers. The scarcity of convenient currency in this coun try is now almost unprecedented. You know that gold has long been at a premium, but within the last few days the Bank of France has oeased to issue 100;r. notes, owing, it is said, to the numerous recent forgeries of notes of that deno mination. If you have a heavy note to change the only alternative is to take paper in notes of not less than 200 francs each, or massive 15fr. silver pieces. The Pavillon de Flore of the Palace of the Tuile ries is, it is known, being demolished, and yes terday the floors of some rooms on the fifth story fell in, and their weight forced the fourth on to the third. In that one a number of men were engaged in pulling down some woodwork, but by an extra ordinary piece of good fortune none of them were injured. By the removal of paper-hangings in dif ferent rooms of the pavilion, caps of liberty and other emblems of the republic of 1793 have been discovered on the walls, and emblems of the monar chy on others. The Nourelliste de Rouen says that before the Tuileries can be made habitable according to the Emperor's taste, it will be necessary to pull down the Marian pavilion on the Rue Rivoli side, as well as the Flora pavilion on the quay, which is now in course of demolition ; but that the expense is a serious consideration, it being quite decided not to ask for any further credit from the legis lative chamber. This journal is also so presump tuous as to offer the opinion that although the Emperor is moat anxious to have the new opera house built and opened within two years, it will not be possible to realise his Majesty's wishes. The Opiniome of Turin says that Castrucci per sists before the tribunal in his confession of the murder of the Poistifical gendarme, and that his statement is con firmed by other evidence. An iticitlailt of Austrian brutality is given in the Temps. A few days ago, some soldiers, billeted in a house at a few leagues distance from Pesth, lost seven florins. Their suspicions turned on a young Huntwise, named Houth, whom they denounced to the own. truunlant of the district. The supposed culprit was then ordered to deliver up the sum in question, but de claring his innocence and failing to do so, was condemned to three hundred lashes. Honth fainted several times under t►e executioner, and the day after was so exhausted by the punishment that he died of its effect., not, however, too late to hear himself okeirld from the stigma thrown upon him, by a girl who committed the theft coming for ward and publicly confessing it. DEATH OP THE VICAR OP HARROW. We regret to announce the death of the Rev..l(,h 4 William Cunningham, M.A., vicar of Harrow-ondleHill, sad the oldest beneficed clergyman in the diocese of London. Mr. Cunningham was educated at tit. John's College, Cambridge, and graduated in 1802, being th e fifth wrangler, in the same year with Dr. Stanley, lat e Bishop of Norwich, Mr. Sutton, afterwards the Speakq of the House of Commons and Lord Canterbury, and Dr. Godfrey, late President of Queen's College, Cambridp., He was three years the predecessor of Dr. Turku, new Bishop of Ely, who was senior wrangler in 1805 ; four yeus the predecessor of Sir Frederick Pollock, now Lord Chid Baron of the Exchequer, who was senior wrangler in I qi,•, ; seven years the predecessor of the late Baron Miley, a, who was senior wrangler in DlO'j ; eight years the predecessor of the late 'Justice Mettle, who was ipa.i9 t wrangler in 1810; and eleven years the predecessor of Sir John Herschel, who was senior wraegler in 1813. Having held various preferments in the church, he was nominated by Lord Northwick to the vicarage of Harrow, which ho has held up to the present time. The reversal gentle. man was • thorough and earnest evangelical, ayf took great pride in the fact that he had inthieneo the election of three evangelical head mastery to th e mastership of Harrow School, namely, Dr. Loaglev, DOW Archbishop of York; Dr. Vaughan, vicar of Doncaster ; and Mr. Butler, the prevent head master. The vicarage Harrow, which is worth about 8001, a year, falls to the gift of Lord Northwick, the patron. All the shops in Harrow are closed as a mark of respect to the memory of the de. ceased vicar. His son is the secretary of King's College, London. It is understood that the lord lieutenancy of Monmouthshire, rendered vacant by the aceidentAl death of Capel Hawbury Leigh, L' .1., will be offered by the Premier to Lord Lbuiover. Among the many visitors to the Warrior at Portsmouth yesterday were Lord Pslinerston, Rear. Admiral Jones, and Mr. Bentinck, M.P. The throng of visitors to the ship continues undiminished. Preparations are making ..t Dm:import Dockyard for the reooption of his Imperial Highness the Craw Duke Constantine of Romda,who is about to visit Plymouth and the neighbourhood. The United Committee purpose resuming the special religions services, in London, on Sunday next, at the following theatres:—Sadler's Wells ; Standard, Shore. ditch; and Pavilion, Wbitechapel•road. The committee propose instituting also a series of tent services as soon as their funds will allow. The Emperor and Empress, the day before leaving Biarritz, paid a visit to Ileholis , in order to see the famous Ile des Faisans. This small island has for some time been in danger of disappearing, owing to the lowers of the Bidassoa washing away et interval.; portions of earth ; but works are to be erected at the joint expense of sp.,i e and Franco for preserving it from destruction on account of its historical interest. A letter from Biarritz aayA :—" M. d'Eicayrac de Lautore has been received here with all the distinction to which his adventures io China ontitled him. Ile had the honour of dining with the Emperor. M. d'Eecayrac has brought back with him a young Chinese girl, who speaks French remarkably welL" The King of Prussia will remain at Compigne from the 6th to the Rth. General Froissard, aidede-eamp to the Emperor, Count de Riencourt, chamberlain, and Baron Bourgoing, equerry, are to be attached to the King during his stay. Marshal Valliant has been designated by the Emperor, it is said, to receive the King of Prussia at the French frontier. Count Walewski and M. Thuuvenel, as well as Marshal Valliant, am to remain at Compiegne during the King's stay. Count de Pourtahi, the Prussian minister at the court of the Tuileries, who has been lung absent from Paris, will return to France at the same time with his sovereign. A Corfu letter of the 21st ult. states that the health of the Empress of Austria continues improving, end that her Majesty's spirits are excellent. The Madrid 'orrespoteduncia of the 28th ult. affirms that Spain has not been able to come to any under standing with Prance and England as to a joint intervention in Mexico, and that in consequence " she will go to Itesico alone, and will act alone." It appears that it is not in the Mediterraneau, near Marseilles, that the tunny fish has been this year so abundant. The Algiers journals state that vast quanta's, have appeared on the coast of Africa, and that some of them are of extraordinary size, one having reached the weight of 150 kilogs. A communication from Nuita (Cute-d'Or) sap " The vintage has commenced here, and is favoured with beautiful weather, which cannot but have a most favourable effect on the grapes. The year 1861 will assuredly be cho,sal among the number of good years. Considerable purchase. of the best growths have already been made by foreign dealers at high prices." A Polish deputy in the Council of the Empire of Austria was lately condemned in Austrian Gallicia to 24 hours' imprisonment, for having at a funeral taken part in singing the Dor cos Pobike, or national Polish air, which is considered seditious. As the bill on the privileges of the members of the council has not yet been definitively adopted, the chamber must give bin, leave of absence to enable him to undergo the imprisonment. Oscar Becker has been lodged in the House of Correction at Brachial, in order to commenco hie term of punishment. In accordance with his request, his employ meet during prison life will be that of a joiner. The pre& tine of placing a variety of handicrafts at the option of the prisoners is now generally puriaatl in German gaols, and baa been found to exercise a very favourable influence upon the habits and morale of the convicts. In Ber!in, for in stance, a great deal of the carved woodwork for which the town of late has gained some reputation is manufactured by the inmates of Moabit Penitentiary, the majority of whom did not even know how to whittle a stick before the day of their confinement. The LUlie Journal states that several forged English 101. bank notes have been passed to money changers at Antwerp. Upwards of 6,000 francs were given in gold for this worthless paper. The person who passed the notes represented himself to be a horse-dealer, and conducted the exchange with the most imperturbable assurance, expressing disratisfacs tion with the rate of exchange, and remaining in the office in conversatioa fur some time after the transaction. The notes are stated to be of most skilful manufacture, render hag detection extremely difficult. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-office from the Governor of the Falkland Islands. Despatches were sent to the Governor of Canada. THE GERMAN FLEET.—A Berlin correspondent of the redepradarice says :—" The agitation for the Ger. limn fleet increases in extent every day. The committee of the National Associatioo at Coburg Las just forwarded to the Itlinieter of Marine at Berlin the of 10,000 florins, destined for the construction of militate. A brisk sub scription is going on at Berlin, and, indeed, all through Germauy." PROPOSED EXTENSIVE PARLIAMENTARY REFORM MovEMENV.—We (Birmingham Dada l'ud) have been in- formed on excellent authority that a most extensive parlia mentary reform movement is not only contemplated but will shortly be in active operation. The head quart ers of the movement will be, most probably, the city where the Anti-Corn-law League =tried on ita works so energetically, so unceasingly, and so snoccesfully. The district as mciations to lie thus amalgsmated, we ore further informed, are those of Lancashire, the West Riding of Yorkshire, Blllllll3gbaln anti the Midland Counties, and Newcastle mths Northern Counties. The *tans operandi of these associations will doubtless be directed by the executive council of the rem tral committee, and the agitation will be carried 011 mutt vigorously by means of meetings, lectures, publications, kc., as in the days of the anti-corn-lew agitation. In times when trade and commerce require all the time and thought of the merchant and the numufacturer, the la• . bourer sod the &damn, an they have done now for several years past, reform agitations have not aurceeded. There is at the promot time, however, the prospect of a trade so limited, that the manufacturers, the merchants, the opera tives, and the *Aliens will hems at th e l eas t th ree d a ys a wed; to devote to the consideration of politics. This the Reform Association have seen, and this it ix which has led to the contemplated amalgamation of the district worn• tines named. On what day the initiative meeting will be held we are unable to ;date, but we may add that that meeting will be held on a day not far distaut. THE BRIDGE ACCIDENT AT YORK.—YIMIerIay another body was found in the river, that of a boy, 10 years of age, named John Nayle, who was engaged on the bridge at rho time of the accident in blowing the beUows used in heating the iron bolts for riveting. His face was much cut, asd one band was crushed off. An inquest was held on the body on Wednesday, and was formally adjourned until Fri. day next. MeanwhUe the citizens are publicly expressing their dissatisfaction with the plan of the Midge, and meet hiss are nightly being held all over the city for the purpose of memorialising the Last Mayor and corporation to adopt some other style of Midge in lieu of the girder one now pros• trate in the river Ouse. r 1