The Express. — London, England, 1850-01-09 00:00:00

i ~~~ I 4.-E. tte rxi3rt4 LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING. .7.o4iveay 9. LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY, ft 1, Old Smis &am% Lob& rommwr-11116 tine Se ado of 11711.1011). to. AMERICA. 1850. [THREEPENCE. Th. ails Iliwrarable Flossil&m. ?JUL. LILA. Th. Rola Ilsormalls the Sind Omervis. ARRIVAL OP THR HIBBItNIA. Tea Left aseselelle lAtiellesieffit SOW. Teese limed liiJ Nem i ltemee lAirg limeee fa MAIM ally_ 11,111111341195. art, ILP. Cis teereett—ttUnle DIAN PAUL, Mt, etnatt. otorras-4110101 ISSAILELIT RAIIIIIIOII. ToemerteserA. . cowry le emptied d toe breedere—the W or peettel , roe ter uretleter, meeimelelpeles. he MUTUAL teeeehthe albs Mid peuelmesteiremeieted esestlee Yee& el Ile swiralle tb slime et pram dumpy divided mem the belies of eellehe es elliherrea ereseleme Ism lees TAW 1 elmobeliewelt a Nikki le se perils met dr mile el els Airy Wks* aft rook* as um so s oninateß eadrly. oft the isated weed de abealorpe molest et tee whole or vitt& hes ben eelowilliel am be • ropes t• te therettel Preerteesey. the NoN.PARTICIAMO Irma the Mod psalm we ed It , the lereiret patelble etele essisteat Os eeseette of the .htrehl. 'They ere Yee =de melte Is a vend, et mem Is o•ott the eremehoses einedesee dlffinest doer at 'Aden. A terra area eneeereesels Ire bees skier be the r 4 reasorielea Of el rare tiro rand. pereren reed la the peeproteees erost asserrea enrol to eelloree VT order of the Sear of Dreier LOUIS ra. Merger. of INDUSTRIOUS HABITS, either er set et Suds, ass REALISE • MODERATE INCOME sk!e e 4 artlela st badly ieseemptisA—See ta ll 'anteaters robe' pireasaLy sr by kiwi, a tbe EAST INDIA TEA 00111- Ilk Greet Seim Reim% Cburehteni. HYAM sad Co.. Merchant Tailors and (", thine, 66, Oiftad-atleat, seit 16. Oesteehttretwetreat, , ett, tun groat pirams is assoloatag that for the preaest r they hav co bawl dm Wiest sad most sstasim variety dug la Me kingdom itivonu maraiNc. In meet) novelty of style sad materieL riVERODATIL FROCI. DIEM, sad RIDING OUTS, of peerless spetwAsew sad Also. uEsnnizirs JA 1.01•NOINO Together with the eat .garb stoat est Tittivi'SEß 4 end WAI ore, mopoesissanv former peodsetioas. EWING HABITS, CNIVOIUIS, sad SERVA.ITV LIVERIES, At saproswiested pekes. Great Novelties la EIDER DOWN OVER-COATS, sad PEAL SUN YU/ EALETOTA. At a Davin of Slaty Pee Cwt. The above Connect, aro roasufootored by L. TITAN and 03. as near intortpler, which 'rill WPM the soot grasefsl and per. i.t the prices will be Mead fall 40 per oat lower than Or (lend by ese other Establishment. STAN and Co, Merchant Talkies, Maim Naval Stlder) Takes, thulium to hells sad MW,* thosechorth. ot, and $6. 011srdotreet, leader. _ILE CUTLERY, WARRANTED.—The most v.died assistonent e( CITLERT In the world, all asairad uKn quo 1114ppnn and Baran)," and warranted, Is always sell at wILLIaII S. BURTON'S, 29, Oztard-etieet, owner eniaw. wares. and NI. I. ;(emema4,6" . l, at prkir Oa! are rawisirb- *aware larva= sr la @AL Wolk Tril ltipb Ikea;,,, ltla. demi; Muserft. h . r i e d bik :f 2. Want*, la per dozen extra; arm% aIL pee pair; low 2 elan p' ponce, to Us. pea doses; if minima wilt dm trolli white bow table Wye% bon as per Ems M. .rto ,‘ . 2s. per pair; black barn table kaftan flan .„,a ; d earn., ; wren. Gd. ; table Sink frees la OWL ...2tert stork of plated dawn tomes and fork/. lama and saber. aad tat new plated dab earvere, in ealateess.—Enbiblisbad I.....treet.a.i. I all). VDERS, STOVES, and FIRE-IRONS.— *nen of the atm an tomato& Won lisolly SHOW . intLIAM & SCATON'S Ode It Istioa) Ontard-olrott, ismer ofXommatimoW. awl too I, New. gtrer. - They ore thelornuot in the world, wiroonlit wink as . of FENIL'e, SAM* niumaca d = .LL ,L IRONMON I)F. 4Litif r MON spplowing er f' variety, novelty, he drips.," swebbnewt of A•Lip, stale the MCI. UV OD that WI Mb FR Vida Wanla& nment hit been ea otlehrake foe mint thin annwtor of a enattwy. Vbt st. ner with bronzed onwwwww and Put waif hum LI 14h; tw with ormolu ornament, and two meta of Um SS L. to twenty arr.. trowel fenders etotpinto, with oWehtMo ; front Ti. to Li; :eel lenders, from 34.; dank with rich orris twannrwto, Fran ISt. to ten pruner ; are-irons. how hd. the oft to 64 ith Iyl ter and other patent atom with rerun" kWh_ Orr The oe7 returned For 'eery welds sot appeared of. Dubbed entalorme th ~wines sent (pw Not) two—totablibld Y Wollootrest .4SOXABLR PRESECNTIL —At this helve Mind of the year the metalled dineowlee Ihr the are eal.ed into tnereired —namely, ROWLAND!' .7A....‘ft OIL, for weeded saaatatag a laaarbint had et : LANDS' KALTDOII. he rendering Use skin soft, tar. Morning: and 11.0WLANDIP OCIOVPJ, or Pearl Dentlfrox, for 'taut whitest= to the teeth. 71se patronage of j throughtat Europe, and the high appreciation by rank and ,oft. • Ph the artlanoint tafstlible efficacy of the ankh., give te a ore brity unparaaeled, and reader Jana a pecultarty 'lawn sea:rater present. amaze et eparkane Wader. The orgy nine e ,th bears the tame of "Rowlvade" preepligg= cede* ea the wrapper or late. had by than at 1111, 1/201iCS, end by rapeetatie ablearte lad pecteniare. IPORTe NCB of the HAUL—The Hair is cot wore; orameat es It is toe Masa acawiderea, but performa • -: starriest part la the animal eemeney ; beteg • amboonduitor v•ar, It pnwerree at en equal leampeeeture the hada sad the num. . Wipeout UNA-regrets et the Yet beldam la, Itaireitee, net it:y a her of beauty, bat it le the same of missy eariewe derange. tt , i of the uhn'e sal enal Noma Theesime of balms le atm ar:r :Aar isocd, and nan be idly as ri naming be tinewiell Mee with MILTON'S HAIR LC ANT, an elegem! Aka, Io enettituents of which are predway the woe as the Latin auppbed aaturally when the hair is in • healthy Wata—Mil• Mit Lohman% is sold la elegant toilet pot. Is. web. Amy I. • sue der is the country can procure it in his weekly pued. The ',amide agents in Looks are Mews. BARCLAY aad Co, Far ',nodes. street WORTON'S CAMOMILE PILLS are wa ll Silently recommended en a detpiebnt certain remedy, to all .., enter IMO Indig(1111.41. Nick Bilking and U or 03111. Ht•rtburs, wed Acidity of the Illotep oi rented Spirits, 1...iu• bed Amp, violent Palpitations, Spasm, Debility, COS. ...Inv-% c.c. They ad a. • powerful tonie geniis aperient: are : .. their operation, as seder any cerevmeteiness; mid theism& • .el. can now bear beldam, to the beeselta to be derived her , rsid in bubbler at In ltd., 2.. 9d., sad lin meth is every r •,n . theithiptorn. . . CI it iX.— b. Pure to wk for Nortoteo Pill', sad de sot bs per s.d toOptuchowe an totitotioa. • _„0/ . .4 , • •/•••;- •••tell o l , - No. 1,062. 0-roR so OM Brea LIFE AM parr—at' Ore.. IR • I yar Ede Iligarrerabbe The Rigla lloarrable the the B i ro raw The Le* liewsweilla UM V The tiessweaMe Masai • liamedle Jabs " w rists ' —JANN IIIII4II3I DEAN 014sawas — .1010g RRI red rsterlear. . erarany is arpred twe -e. rig the =Wawa - :he the Iwo ••••• eseluatee herthd Wee age tV ' tonally divided mere Se I re yearly made= be an we hare Ile ~,eytainegi ne neitled 4/0/4111/111, ochry, 1 11/C et., the whole of abia hr .1 infloratial Progregagg. p. the NoN.PARTICIPATIRO •-. rd to the Wart poselble role .• •httent. They age ere sr ...re vont the carer warm ell ear Wboth *ameba ellitami anew i s ruin and wwwwriwiaada Particulars grad l o t en Tar cosualseles ity artier of Ur Bawd at Dine ERSONS of INDUS is se int of ray I de of artieleal l e teeny either pereonal:= lett %%La Greet Brat Cto RYAN( sad CO, Corker, 86, Oiked.er - .ett. b.ive great =ere la r they have or the b . .h.cy in the kingdom JUVENILE In evety novelty re oVEI DIM Of perriete=de GEN 1.0UNOI: Together with the TROWSER 4 an any llllmMttl SERVANTS At anprwee Greatlt EIDER DOWN SEAL !MIN I At • Saving al Tar above Caravan , are haw rear ptiortples, which will • 4:. ab•l•t re prime will be . h raved by any other Estab u'rer.e.—L. BEAM end Co, rear" Takeo Ordure •ert, ad MS, 011ardotreet, Lou ABLE CUTLERY, I %died amortatent of cry !WWI .lete Ittron and Burt. at wILLIAII P. BURTON'S, and Na I, Newman. ✓ *came( the largeness ..e Laura with hrti shou:ders !ft. ha'Ante, la per dozen et' law a tiaet pr' portxr. to Ma -rn'e, ham 42A.: white hone rut, ; cantle, 2s. per p weft% es. ; Lope% stork of plated dessert ..e, sad 41 the new plated dab c ea‘rteeet,a.p. I a ■ E.NDERS, STOVE • the .hem em • 41 11 21.7:1 S. BERTON . ; * ills, ■ 39, Onford-atreet.wens rest. They are the largos a of FENDF.R.s. STO' • ENERAL IRONMONGERY r ;thee for variety, noseelty, bead • • ss.Lip, ohne the pricey are o ...hinent has been so ea/heart a alit stoves with bronzed ono a no with ormolu ornaments at' Droved fenders mega tot! ienders, from 3...; date, 1 IS.. to ten guineas; fire-iron ester and other patent stoma A wry returned for every meddle le n. th ~nolo" sent (pw peel to lam EASONABLE PRE Miod dthe peer the hi ae • are ended tato iseveneed Anv SR OIL, foe erring re r: lo oW LANDS' KALTDOI ad Weenier ; and EOWLANDI ; attar whitest' dry throughout Europe, sad ra he et, • 1.11 tee weU.known int j A to. OPA . beity unperaLleled, ser..aatr prem. strew til▪ t truce td etch bears the Baer ny ankh is the wrapper or I no ts, Lod,., ead by rapped to 3IPORTeNCE of the ep ferre'y cesratat es It is rp it tapetant part la the anis or • Pow, tt preserve at en equal I Ira • insporaat tlond.reseele of b Si .tatlya hoof bratty bat it tta of re whn'e areal NOM • at:. trap road, and can be es las ! with MILTON'S HAIR LI Ina tat eartituents of which are p e a t...tter au ppWd aaturally when : Hair Lubricant is sold la sea t. eue•lier la the country can pr ran v..iesaie errata in Loudon an tats enedos. street. THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. CLXXI., 19 patient THIS DAT. 031 , 70711. I. Newel Mow, OM's. S. Crop Dena HU Z. Arisaltuee. -Ossining. 4 neasSr.. f bud Ckerarry ate Yr. John O'Connell. • nee Trusts. 4. Vain.. I. Lad Ckitsdon and •Ine Orange Institution. Jobs Murray. Albanorle-street. Ai ARKIN:3E with a WIFE'S SISTER. .01 As eloienemo ad& as this Isportast oubjoet b coutalnod la .1+7.4 amber of 11 , 11441E11 MAGAZLNI. "I'.. mustier cacl.olos with a volosobosoardolo visas n. arype f a deemed oftWo• Ms, Is obi* Ws Wilitryotl ii o l t i Or evidenee is the reaart 61 lb, aasmillseers reviewed, ' • -• vent obit etrura—serlpeard, amderimakal sad anew—whieh •c able *eaten suds Nreviagea are severally el:Wised. The • • a fall asimary of the whale reeettaa 4 issue' —Morning • e. Lamb= : John W. Tortest, Woe Wiled. 1101180E 1 8 CHOICE." CHIT-CHAT by TELEGRAPH." fOLEASURRB of HORSE-BEEPING. X A Long trust. --- THE NEEDLEWOMAN at HOME and AbitoAD." QCE.NES Pots the LIFE of an UNPRO -0 ILCMID FLIIALL—AII the Ira; b the NM." STATION ea the NORTH STAFFORD •••• " Keel,* Nn. 464. kr haw, 11. PAN lit, or uttered rd. ' • Zoiort.orest. rd sok everywhere, 'U ItS. I.OUIPON'S LADIES' COMPANION at ;PAH. awl ABM %D. Edited by 31n. Lomax. No. 3, 4 , w &trim! M., wUI bi published col Waturday, January, 12. P, ro t MUTes —. lll;;;Miem tanned by Mod Weed Bed. • . 4, 1.7.,Nua (Wrepaphy. ly nohow ABMs& . • P.ebler. By Mts. Pony Monett. 4. a tte antioll Museum. No. S. -The Manuscript Room. I la 41. 0. We tweed. "1.. Grusikie hey 1 Ity Maar Neybew. of km Wag dad, sad et ertparsag Mews and Beeps . 4 it 10 J. W. 1.. `•I • et. Wi , b !Jae raker • • n. Wsla swarms% Illustritawe. e. ay /01 Aetre. . Whet Nat. Me., Me. • : e.a kmole. 11, Ikewerieetteet, end sold everywhere. - - MKS. COITOX. AND CONSOLS. TUE AXNUAL O)MMERCIAL REGISTER, I .k.NLIAL Map al ralcz4 1. publiAlsed TIIIB •• 4 : I. it,, 14s, rid dem. itai•l F. zebu's*, .nd ma, be • t• Canternts • Amami 03011,1Creal Metro. ta MOM sad Farads dodo seed Midway nevitor d stati•ties d Lyndins sad tb. rikr —nouveau of as Perim Masted °• *sett ha** - hank Ret bank urn. uptey lteeiett i r l J relt Ch=e3 14 Tl..* ". ti.lo lay PP.JIIIIBBIOX TO 1118 AOTAL 111011141811 ALMERT. I flll itliYAI. 2, PHRASKOL(MI CA re.2•l tliAla bards. prko 11‘.. • L PHY.CH ‘..:J•41 iflelll/!1 KT. by J. C. Tomas, host\ Ilsofici, 1 t. nok.karok Yost. • ." 0, --Ar we boor.o.b.Erroch Part. my ko 104 dall book. arl Cu., 14. reign bouhaeller edmhaluire• OZTICAL AND DRAMATIC' . • 70: WORKS - PUBLISHED BY WILLIAM PICKERING, 177, PIOCADILLT. I mot palghbok a sow oMfa. 11 solo tam els, prim 110 id, of RE DRAMATIC WORKS a CHRISTOPHER VAILOWS, Ina sem Memo of tins Life sad Writings. By AuzoNsos Does. Ity the moso Whir, 'FHB DRAMAIIC WORKS of GEORGIE 1. PULS. odisoloi maid frau tbo very me ofigiaols. with sem massuat lib UPI owl Willogs. if& grow' Ovis. - ftt Ile. Id. Tlike WM yams wig poislafol ofgorofoly. Moo, 100. GO. THB DRAMA TiC WORK S of ROBERT 1 OItELNE, Is abildt ere added ti IPosees, with notes, sad some samosa et hie Ude ead Writings. I vols. crown ho, 11 Is. THR DRAMATIC WORIEB of JOHN WEB •..I.an& with Ikea ma i Ult. 4 vele. Grows dm *2 la We UM this of searaidag ow via high sahebs el the elapses, okil sad of the am Alesesder Ore. whoa aflame et Ones,. sad Webster. tem little to desire. sad ire to itoprove."—Qaseterly arnitor. FiteRLY ENGLISH PROSE ROMANCES. Edited by W. J. Than. $ wbb. crows two. St Ws. • Wave/lay Nowt.' of Mir day."—EstroopmetWe Swint. HESPERIDES: or, the Works both Hems' sad ton. Its. Divine of ROWIT lbmax; Esq. f .or. hp. Coo., with Por. Hard k mosso • vigour of ham a warmth of hello, • wassamem of Demo sad s n sem of versification. sulheient to rot him wry kWh to tits sole of logllshpitta" Quaint, Bohm. EARLY ENGLISH POETRY. Edited by Tacoma WlllOl7. Ithaca la the black letter. 4 rota. lhao. Italt-bessad memo, El. CoataMing—L The Teramseat of Tottenham. The reed. a Peque I to the same Pos.-11. The Nathrosse Mald.—Tba Teed the Bade, and that of the Fevre nod the ley. two early Belled. of Map aad Quoit from a In. la Me Staab lluatant. QHMEESPEARE'S PLAYS, in one pocket A 7 vi. boanntnn pzfaled by Corn% SI la. With thirty =Eateravinge, hem by atothard, ha. t 2 2a. A tear copies entirely en India paw. St Y. SELECTION from the EARLY BALLAD POETIAT at E.VOLAND aid BCOTL %ND. Edited by Moue° Jose luxe, B. A. Exeter Made, Inked. feet. Sea Is RMRS PLOUGHMAN'S VISION end CREDE, u• .4 imprinted from • MI. in Trinity Calker, Catabei ad wit! Notes sad Olormey, by Tames Witmer, Esq. vols. 14. eve. Lt le. DOURNES (Vincent) POETICAL WORKS, L.Un sod English. with Life of the Maher. Edited by the .J. )(mo■n. Pep. •.o, L. DBMS, by Sir HENRY Worrox, Sir WALTEI Itatzzoia, sad others. Edited by the Re,. Jose Iletmen, lete al Limb. College, Oxford. Pep. Bro he. CHAUCER'S CANTERBURY TALES, with an by au ids Lwow end Versification, an Introductory Ns mune. and Mowery. Hy Twowas Trawrorr. 3 vote. crown Soo, with a Portrait, and an Repaying of the celebrated rderbnage, by Iltothard. to lb. fici. 011AUCER'S ROMAUNT of the ROSE, TROI ‘) 1.1.711 sad CRESEIDE, he, with Lite. By Sir Hems Nicole& S trews tee. BI It.. 611. A espolsosect to TyrwiMrs Edition et Owen, which completes the Poetical Marta SURREY and WYATT'S POETICAL WORKS, with Online! Memks ey ter limuus Nevus. 2 eels., crown See. Ile. BY lIRB. IL R. 8 ANDBACII. gr. One volinne. pos t ;Z. —. 7s. These volumes sre worthy of a daughter of Mr. Roscoe ." G's Illaimstoe. lULIANO DE MEDICI. A Drama in Five Ads, with other Poems. Post evo, 9h THE AMIDEI. A Tardy, in Five Acts. Poet ho, is. 6d. SM I T H'S DR AM AS. I. SIR WILLIAM CRICHTON. 2. ATHELHOLD. 2. Ot:IDONR. By Haulm, harm Req., of the Raffle Temple. Royal 16a to, Es. BONG of FAITH, DEVOUT EXERCISES, aid SONNETS. Br Br Aria' Di I Via; Ban. rep. 475. MARY TUDOR. an Historical Drama; The LIMENTAI7ON of ISELAND, and other Poems. ay air /MISR Da Vann Dart. Pep. deo. Si. rpHRES POEMS :—L Elensinia, or the Soul's Progress. U. Mond, the first Tyrant. 111. Stbylla Antics. By IL T. rissaa. 2 cols. post ho, THE NIGHT-WATCH. An Argument, by R. T. Tram. Port too, mewed, Ps. THE DAY-WATCH. An Argument, continutd. Sy Iticuss Tsorr jean. POI( &TO, 2a. TYING CHARLES the FIRST, a Dramatic Poem is Hee Acts. Derbtotol to the memory of the Church's Martyr. By Amami Gomm. Pep. aro, Se. CENTRAL CRIMINAL CouBT.. THIS DAY. Sanaa Ma Irmo P•1111110N AND Mt. lynxes TALPOVID. Tai I[t ansa to HIOLLY ITILIZT. Mr. Collier applied to the court to postpone the trial of Sarah Drake for the murder of lames Drake until Than- day morning. The court granted the application. The promner nee plead at the bar at the sitttiag of the court, haute Kr. Bullock, when she r .plesdect " Not Guilty " to the charge made against bar. POiT.OI7ICI Ro Tapley Hoa►, o person la the service of the keeper of one of the post-office receiving -homes, pleaded guilty to • charge of et. elrg • post letter, the property of the Poet- Mr. Ita herniae called myna wittier's, who gave the pri mmer so eztelbstehweeter. ludiraest was deferred. NIOLBCTINO TO BURKINDIR JIPORI ml BANKRUPTCY Covert. Edward Nai•sw, a stockbroker, was indicted for felo niously neglecting to surrender himself to be examined be fore the Baaheaped, Commissioner, after he had been duly adjudged to be a bankrupt. Tbis ease was uf a precisely similar description to that which was disposed of at the last session, when the learned judges decided that the art of parlkineat under which the charge wise preferred had bees repealed by the lest tanknipecty ace, that of the 11th and 12th Victoria. Mr. Bodkin, en the meantime, briefly addressed the court, eallieg the awn ion of the learned judges to the precise t. Me of the statute, end submitting the additional point whether the 6th On. IV , which recognised this pericular offence, was no!. still is existence, although the 6th had been !s -pelled. Mr Justice Patteeon said they were of opirith that this did not melee any difference in the question, and that the pretest indictment could not be supported. The jury sooordicgly Mussed a ~dint of Not POLICE INTELLIGENCE. THIS DAY. BOW-STREET. Picot"to Pocawts. 2 ./.Tir;eirs;;se charged with picking pocket.. Lee' evening the prisoner was Bern to eatract a silk band. kerchief frum the Locket of a gentleman in the Strand. The (Mailman , whose name and profession did not tnuispit., was acquainted with the tact, and, on instantly turning round, saw his handkerchief in the prisoner's hand. The prisoner quietly dropped it, and was ab.dit making his e► cape, when the prosecutor ceught bold of him, end a severe struggle took place The promcutor, who was a very power ful man, succeeded In keeping a tight bold of him. In the struggle the ptisoner's clothe* was literally Urn from of hie bark. The prosecutor raid the spot where his pocket was picked was the most frequented part of the Strand; and, although a search wee made for a panto constable, there could not be one found on the beat. The constable who took the prisoner in•o custody came tram the scheming beat. Jardine said these robberies were alwayeeffeeted when there were en pullce•conatabla near at the Um.. The prosecutor thought it was his duty to mention the chr omium..., and said if it had been a female or a less power mil me■ than himself, the primmer would have escaped, entirely through the west of the assistance of the pollee. The prieotorr, in defence, said that he wee stervieg; that it was ►is first diem". The pole, said the primer sot known. Mr. J ~dins was sheet comnaittiug the prisoner for trial, wlt.n the prosecutor s•ked hum to deal with the case sum marily. and the prisoner was sentenced to one month's impnsun [Dela. PAUPERISM IS O 1 TUB DECLINE IN THE HENLEY UNION —At ine cl.,e of the year 1648, there were to the Intern 380 penal), ; at the present time there are nal, 210, a ma i n , a d a ae aa . of 179, who are elowilled a follows able bodied oil. 14; women, 36; boys under 16 yeara rtf 114 e; 47; Ririe do., 61; old am, 36; old men, n.- Rados' linewy. THE PRESIDENTS MESSAGE The Hibernia arrived at Liverpool this atoning, with dates from New York to the 26th, and Halifax 29th ult. The President's Menage woe delivered on the 24th, and is u follows : et 1424 limas ni Home of fliteseggathres Sixty years lave eloped Ithe eallahlishment of this government, and dm ammo et the united States again assembles to Molthato hr en empire Ottoman. The Teethe dons of evil pe am** ethe formerly pretended to foretell the downfall Moog imatindions, are nem monembered only to be derided, and the Unitee States et *Maim at this mo ment prevent to the wield the met Mirk gad permanent government ea earth. flesh is the moult of the labours of those who have gam bolero ua. Urea emgren will emlnemtly depend the future mandamuses of ionst eyeless of tree government, sad the tramaisnon of it, naimpaked, to posterity. We are at peace with all the world, and soak lo main tain our cherished ?shalom of amity with the rest of mankind. During the peel yeas we lave been blessed, by a kind Provides, with an abetadante of tea fruits of the earth; and, alth the destroys, earl. for a time, visited exten-ire portion. of out unite."' with the reeler's. of a dreadful pestilence, yet, the Almighty has at length deigned to stay hie hand, sad to restore the ineed• mable bleating of general health to a people who have' acknowledged his power, deprecated his wrath, and its. plated his merciful proteeitioa. While enjoying the Meths of makable intenseness with foreign native, we ham sot been inameible to the distrac tions and wan which have prevailed in other quarters of the world. It is a peeper theme of thanksgiving to Him who Mee the destinies of nations, that we hems been abe to minutia, amidst all them comae, the independent and neutral position towards all belligerent powers. Our relations with (heat Britain are of the most blandly character. In consequence of the remit alteration of the British navigation seta, British vessels, from British and other foreign ports, will (under our existing laws), alter the first day of January next, be admitted to entry in our ports, with cargoes of the growth, mannfeetam, or producuon of any put of the world, on the same terms as to duties, im petus, and charges, as mode of the United States with their cargoes; and our vessels will be admitted to the same ad vantages in British pone, enteric, therein on the lame terms as British vessels. Should no order in council disturb this legislative arrangement, the late act of the British parlia ment by which Great Britain is brought within the terms proposed by the act of congress of the let of March, 1817, it is hoped, will be productive of benefit to both countries. A slight iuterraotion of diplomatic intercourse, which oc curred totems this government and France, I am happy to my, has been terminated, and our 'minister there has been received. It is therefore unneces sary to refer, now, to the eireamminom which led to that interruption. I need not express to you the sincere malefaction with which we shall welcome the arrival of another envoy extraordinary and mi nister plenipotentiary hom a sister republic, to which we have so long been, and still remain, bound by the strongest ties of amity. Shortly after I had entered upon the discharge of the ex ecutive duties, I was apprised that a war steamer, belonging to the *emus empire was being fitted out in the harbour of New York, with the aid of some of our naval °Man, ten. dered under the permission of the late secretary of the navy. This permintha was granted during an armistice between that empire and the kingdom of Denmark. which had been espied in the Schleswig. Holstein war. Apprehensive that this act of intervention on our part, might be viewed as a vio lation of our Pruned obligation. incurred by the treaty with Denmark, and of the previsions of the act of Congress of the 20th of April, 1818, I directed that no further aid should be rendered by any agent or °Meer of the navy; and I in structed the secretary of state to apprise the enmesh r of the Garman empire accredited to this government, of my deter mination to execute the law of the Ualted States, and to maintain the faith of treaties with all nation,. The cones • pondeme which ensued between the department of %tate and the minister of the German empire is herewith laid before you. The execution of the law, and the observance of the treaty, were deemed by me to be due to the honour of the country, as well as to the sacred obligations of the constitu tion. I shall not fail to pursue the same mune should a similar case arise with any other nation. Having avowed the opinion on taking the oath of office, that ia disputes be tween conflicting foreign governments, it is our interest not less than our duty to remain strictly neutral, I shall not abandon it. You will perceive from •he correspond's*. sub mitted to you, in connexion with this subject, that the course adopted in this cam ban been properly regarded by the belligerent powers interested in the matter. Although a minister of the United Suites to the German empire was appointed by my predeceeeor , in August, 1848, and has for a long time time been in attendance at Frank fort-on-the-Maine; and although a minister, appointed to represent that empire, was received and accredited here, yet no such government as that of the German empire has been definitively cowered. Mr. Domani:4 our represen tative at Frankton, remained there several months, in the expectation that a union of the German states, under one constitution or form of government, might at length be organised. It is believed oy those well acquainted wish the existing rename between Prussia and the stem of Germany, that no such union can be per manently establisbed without her co operation. In the of the formation of such a union and the organisation of a central power in Germany, of which the should form a part it would become rosemary to withdraw our minister at Berlin ; but while Prima exists as an independent kingdom and diplomatic relearn are maintained with her, there can be no necessity for the continuance of the mission to Frank fort. I have, therefore, recalled Mr. Donnelson, and directed the archives of the legation at Frankton to be transferred to the American legation at Bailin. Having been apprised that a considerable number of ad venturers were 'Dread in fitting out a military expedition within the United Stater, against a foreign country, and bte Having, from the best information I could obtain, that it was destined to invade the island of Cubs, I deemed it due to the friendly relations existing between this United States and Spain, to the treaty between the two nations, to the laws of the United States, and above ell to the American honour, to exert the lawful authority of this government in suppressing the expedition and p Mg the invasion. To this end I issued a proclamation, enjoining it upon the °Moen of the Limited States, civil and military, to use all lawful means within their power. A orpy of that proclamation is herewith submitted. The expedition has ;been suppressed. S r long as the act of congress of the 20th of April, 1818, which owes its existence to the law of nations and to the policy of Wash- Merton himself, shall remain on our statute book, I hold it to be the duty of the executive istithfully to obey its injunctions. While this expedition was in propose I was informed that a foreigner, wbo claimed our protection, had been clan destinely, and, as was supposed forcibly, carried o ff in a vessel from New Orleans to the island of Cuba. I im mediately caused such steps to be taken as I thought necessary, in ease the information I had reesived sheald prove correct, to vindicate tbe honour of the country, and the right of every person seeking an asylum on our soil to the protection of OW laws. The person al leged to have been abducted was promptly restored, and the circumstances of the case are now about to undergo investi• gation before • judicial tribunal. I would respectfully sug gest, that although the crime charged to have been com mitted in this case, is held odious ea being in wiliest with OW opinions on tee subject of national sovereignty and per sonal freedom, there is no prohibijoo of it. or punishment for it, provided in any act of Congress. The expediency of supplying this defect in our criminal code is therefore re commended to your consideration. I have scrupulously avoided any interference in the wets and contentions which have recently distracted Bumps. During the late conflict between Austria and Hun gary, there seemed to be a prospect that the latter might become an independent nation. However faint that prospect at the time appeared, I thought It my duty, in accordance with the general sentiment of the Ame rican people, who de ply sympathised with the Memo patriots to stand prepared, upon the contingency of the es tablishment by her of a permenent government, to be the first to welcome independent Hungary into the Lam ly of nations. For this purpose I invested an agent, then in Europe, with power to declare our willingness promptly to recognise her Independence, is the event of her ability to sustain it. The pewerfal intervention of limns, in the con test, extingaiseed the him of the struggling Magyar,. The United States did not, at any time, interfere in the contest; but the feelings of the nation were strongly enlisted in the cause, and by the sufferings of • brave people, who had made a gallant though unsuccessful effort to be free. Our claims upon Portugal ham been, during tt • past year, persecuted with reamed vigour, and it has Nen my object to employ ffort of honourable diplomacy to procure their ad j u stment. Our late Charge d'Aff eine at Lisbon, the Hon. George W. Hop - kips, made able and eat rge tic but unsuccessful efforts to mile these unpleasant. ma of coutroversy, and to obtain in demnity for the wrongs which were the subjects of complaint. Our present Charge d'Affaire at that court will also bring to the presecution of the at claims ability end seal. Tee rem lationary and entreated condition of Portugal, is past SUMS, has b en represented as one of the Wale, causes of her delay in indenanstrog our suffering /edam. But I must now say it is matter of profound regret that than class have not been soit'cd. The omission of P rtugal to do justice to the Ame rican claimers has now assumed a character so grave and se rious that I shall shortly make it the subject of a mecial message to Coerce.. with a view to sash ultimate Mimi se its wisdom end patriotism may suggest. With Russia, Austria. Prussia, Sweden, Denmark, Bel gium, the Neleuleads, and the Italian States, we still main bin our accustomed emiciable relations. -- Daring the meat revolatioea Ia the Papa Stater. Ow Charge d'Affsirs at Rome Lae Imo whit, to plant his Maar of Irriatee, whisk indeed be was digested by sizz: detemee to wilikbolit mall los Mould roosivo timber Bub vim the misstioil modifies of Mimi 6i Ibis, Mates, tt Y aft bluing ompolissit to_olos bin soy in sinrisms on tbo sollost of prossaft Ids asoinstial letter, faded Ism dhow . idi vrb ► be MI boss fandebod by tlio Imo admishbosisn, WWI tbo lftli of hiss Ist; when, Is of dm wont of sosersto ishosistion of the Mao of ildsys at tot disuses boa no be nos to tonsubs lib am diesmtio• Is promoting bians alea d e ttie lbw oil*. so somninient, if in Ids judgment, sloth; or If sit, swat further events. Sines list Uses bos erimoo soother revolution, and be estebiblimest Ma Rovenommt sagleimaly neemitp.r -i. Justify bite is speaking diplomatic ieteremme with the blie of Neale, it i ear true policy to culti vate the'nest Meadly relatioes. Sine the ratification of the treety ir l ar ftid t alogpe &Obis, has occurred of a 'slim it to diets* them. A faithful efeertanes el the , end a ebony Pupae Ow her rights, cannot fail to i 5.... the cenldenes gad Misdehip of that republic. Theof loPiliedeseeme le die Meese of Repeesenta thee, Wile Oth et Fehentry legt, eemmanniatting, in sompli awe with a resehilios of that badly. • espy of a paper called • ' presseol, signed as Qearetere en the SO* of thy, 1849, by the seweelmisseas of the Uniting Bales mg the .Bolter of Melo Oahe el the Waken goverment, Mobs hen • :rillel alvisponilsnes betimes the depastmeat of State Bury Inmeerdinary sad Insister Pleuipotentiary of that rePtle auggeted to this government,' transcript of that esi . Is herewith submitted. The ims on the part of the Milted States for marking the bossing %stases the two republics, though delayed la rsoshistig San Diego by unforeseen obstacles, attired at that plan within • short period after the time required by the treaty, and was there joined by the Commissioner on the part of Mexico. They entered upon their duties; and at the date of the latest intelligence from that quarter, some program bad been made in the survey. The em rtsnea incident to the organisation of the commission, and to ss en o s l iveyence to the point where its operations were to begin, have so much reduced the fend appropriated by Congress, that • further sum, to Bever the charges which must be {awned during the present fiscal year, will be necessary. The peat length of frontier aleag which the boundary extends', the nature of the adjacent territory, and the diffi culty of obtaining supplies, except at or near the extremes of the line, render it also indispensable that a liberal provi. sins should be made to meet the necessary charges during the Meal year ending on the 30th of Jane, 1851. I accord ingly recommend this subject to year attention. In the adjustment of the claims of American citizens on Mexico, provided for by the late treaty, the employment of counsel on the part of the government may i:ectotne import ant, for the purpose of assisting the commissioner in pro. tenting the interests of the United States. I recommend this subject to the early and favourable consideration of Congress. Complaints have been mule in regard to the inefficiency of the means provided by the government of New Grenada, for transporting the United States mail across the Isthmus of Passau, pursuant to our postal convention with that republic, of the 6th of March, 1844. Oar Charge d'Affaire at Sego's' has been d rested to make such representations to the of New Grenada as will, it is hoped, lead to a prompt removal of this cause of complaint. The sanguinary civil war with which the republic of Venezuela has for some time past been ravaged, has been brought toe close. Inlits progress, the rights of some of our citizens, resident or trading there, have bees violated. The restoration of order will afford the Venezuelan government an opportunity to examine and redress these grievances, and ethers of longer standing, which our representatives at Canons have, hitherto, ineffectually urged upon the atten tion of that government. The extension of the coast of the United States, on the Pacific, and the espied rapility with which the inha bitants of California, especially, are increasing in numbers, have imparted new oonseerzence to our relations with the other countries whose territories border upon that ocean. It is probable that the intercourse between those countries and our possessions In that quarter, particularly with the republic of Chili, will become extensive and mutually given tageoui, in proportion as California and Oregon shall in crease in populatioa and wealth. It is desirable, therefore, that this government should do everything in its power to foster and strengthen its relations with those States, and that the spirit of amity between us should be mutual and cordial. I recommend the observance of the same COMM towards all other American States. The Muted States stand as the Brat American power to which, as their natural ally and friend, they will always be disposed, first, to look for media tion and assistance, in the event of any colliden between them and any European nation. ate such, we may often kindly mediate in their behalf, without entangling ourselves in foreign wars or Renee sarty controversies. Wh e the faith of our treaties with any of them shall require OW inter ference, we must nuesesrily interpose. A conyeatien has beet aegotlated with Bruit, providing for the satisfaction of American claims on that government, and it will be submitted to the Senate. Since the last ses sion of Congress, we have received an Motu Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary from that Empire, and our relations with it are founded upon the most amicable under standing. Your attention is earnestly invited to an amendment of our existing laws relating to the African slave trade, with a view to the off, meal suppression of that barbarous traffic. It is not to be denied that this trade is still, in part, carried on by means of vessels built in the United States, and owned or navigated by some of our °thins. The correspondence between the department of State and the minister and consul of the United States at Riede Janeiro, which has from time to time been laid before Congress, represents that it is a can tolues7 device to evade the penalties of our laws by means of sea letters. Vessels sold in Brazil, when provided with snob papers by the consul, instead of returning to the United States for a new register, proceed at once to the coast of Africa, for the purpose of obtaining cargoes of slaves. Mach additional information of the same character has recently been transmitted to the department of State. It has not been considered the policy of our laws to subject an American citizen, who, in • foreign country, purchases a vessel built in the United States, to tie inconvenience of sending her home for a new register, before permitting ht r to proceed on a voyage. Any alteration of the laws which might have a ten dency to impede the free transfer of property in vessels be tween oar citizens, or the free navigation of those vessels be tween different parts of the world, when employed in lawful commerce , should be well and cautiously considered; bat I trust that your wisdom will devise a method by which oar general policy in this respect may be preserved, and at the same time the *SUM of our flag by means of sea-letters in the manner indicated may be prevented. Having ascertained that there is no prospect of the re union of the five States of Cenral America, which formerly composed the republic of that name, we have separately ne gotiated with some of them treaties of amity and commerce, which will be laid before the Senate. A contract having been concluded with the State of Ni caragua by a company composed of American citizens, for the purpose of custructing a ship canal through the ter ritory of that State, to connect the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, I have diremed the negotiations of a treaty with Ni mugs', pledging both governments to protect those who shelf emermte in and perfect the work. All other nations are invited by the S ate of Nicaragua to enter into the same treaty stipulations with her; and the benefit to be derived by each from such an arrangement will be the protection of this great inter-oceanic communication against say power which might seek to obstruct it or to monopolise its advantages. All stasis entering into such a treaty will enjoy the right of passage through the canal, on payment of the same tolls. The work, if constructed under three guarantees, will be come a band of peace, instead of • subject of contention and strife, between the nations of the earth. Should the gnat maritime states of Europe consent to this arrangement (and we have oo remon to suppose that a proposition so fair and honourable will be opposed by any) the energies of their peo ple and ours will co operate in promoting its success I d.) not rew =mend any appropriation from the national treasury for this purpose, nor do I believe that such an ap proprieties is necessary. Private enterprise, it properly pro tected, will complete the work, should it prove so be fusible. The parties who have procured the chart. r from Nicaragua for its constructii is, desire no assistance from this govern ment beyond its protection; and they profew that, having examined the proposed fine of communication, they will be reedy to commence the undertaking whenever that protection shall be extended to them. Should there appear to be rea son on examinirg the whole evidence, to entertain a serPus douht of the practicability of constructing each • canal, that doubt could be speedily solved by an actual exploration of the route. Should such a work be constructed, under the common peot►ctloa of all nations, for equal oenefl•s to all, it wouli be neither just nor expedient that any great maritime state should command the enmmuniee•iou. The territory through which the cilia may be opened ought to be treed from the claims of any ioreign power. No such power should occupy a position that would enable it her. atter to rserci.e so con trolling en Influence over t►e examen* of the world, or to obstruei a highway which ought to be dedicated to the com mas u•e of mankind. The routes across the Isthmus at Tehuantepec and Panama ars also worthy of our serious consideration. T nsy did not fall to engade Pie attrntion of my vri-dveessor. The node tater of the WA, of Goadsloupe Hidalgo was instructed to offer very large sums of money for the right of 'transit across she Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Ti. Mexican government did not accede to the proration for the yard's,' of the right of was, probably beam* it had already contracted with private individuals 'or the , enstructi.to of • passage frost the() 11311110.10110 river to Tiluantopee. I shall not renew say progo ition M purehme for money a right wbith ought to be squally secured to all nations, on payment of a rvasor able toil to the owners of the improvement, who would, doubtless, be well contented with that compensation and the guarea'ses of the m Adele states of lb • wield, in o•Oaf4to ire dies negoeiated wlti Mexico, binding her and them is protest these who should construct tie work. Such goarat.tess would do more to secure the ColoPlotioo of tie communimion through the territory of Mex,co than any other reasonable eunsideratifin that could be offered ; and Me herself would be the greatest gainer by the open. ' log of this sommeeleados between the OW and site Paulo Omen, It is presemed diet she wee net imitate to yield her aid in the MINN if parpeset. to essempihken improve ment as important le harem beet iateeesta. We have reason to hope that the repast tadroad woes the Isthmus at Panama will lie enseemeells mast:noted seder the praselima of the late treaty with New Grenada, regisdned easlimpel by my redeemer en the 10. h day of June, MS, w• teen the parteM ntudrality of the islosse, sad the of sovereignty and property of New Greeted& over vim tory, " with a view that a tree transit Item mean te mesa may not be interrupted or embarrased" daring the smishoss of the treaty. It is our policy to en courage every peestlesble route across the Isthmus, which asmareets North aid Smith America, either by railroad or semek, white the mew and enterpnre of oar citizens may Whew than le ; and I consider it obligatory upon see Is adept that , especially in consequence of the ab saints sesemity Sating intercourse with oar possession ea the Pacific. The position of tha Sandwich Islands with reference to the territory of the United States en the Pacific; tke nooses of oar persevering sad benevolent citizens who have repaired to that remote quarter in christianizing the natives, and Inducing them te adopt a system of government and laws, suited to their capacity and wants, and the use made by our numerous wha le shins of the harbours of the islands, as planes of resort for ob taining refreshments and repairs, all combine to render their destiny peculiarly Interesting to us. It is our duty to en courage the authorities of those islands in their efforts to improve end elevate the moral and political condition of the inhabitents• and we should make reasonable allowances for the difficulties inseparable front this task. We desire that the islands may maintain their independence. and that other nations should concur with as in this sentiment. We could in so event be indifferent to their . passing under the dsminion of any other power. The p rincipal commercial states have in this a common interest, and it is to be hoped that no one of them will attempt to interpose obstacles to the entire independence of the islands. • The receipts into the Treeing for the fiscal year ending on the 30th of June last, were in cash forty-sight millions eiget hundred and thirty thousand ninety - seven dollars and fifty cents (48,830,097,60 dollars), and in Treasury note• funded, ten millions eight hundred aed thirty-three thousand dollen (10,533,000 dollars), making an aggregate of fifty nine millions ale hundred and sixty-three thousand ninety seven dollars and fifty cents; and the expenditures, for the 11M113 time, ware, in cash, forty-six millions seven hundren an! ninety-eight theumind six hundred and sixty-seven dol lars and eighty-two 'tents, and in Treasury notes funded, ten millions eight hundred and thirty-three thousand dollars, making an aggregate of fifty-seven millions ax hundred and thirty-one thousand six hundred and sixty-seven dollars and , eighty-two orate. The accounts and estimates which will bs submitted to Congress in the Report of the Secretary of the Treasury, show that there will probably be a deficit, occasioned by the ezpenoes of the Mexican war and treaty, on the first day of July next, of five millions, eight hundred and twenty-eight thousand, one hundred and twenty-one dole. and sixty. six cents, and on the first day of July, 1851. of ten millions, five hundred and forty-seven thousand, and ninety two dole. and seventy-three eenu., making in the whole a probable deficit, to be provided for, of sixteen millions, three hundred and seventy-five thousand, two hundred and fourteen dole. and thirty-nine cents. The extraordinary expenses of the war with Mexico, and the purchase of California asd New Mexico, exceed in amount this deficit, togetner with the loans heretofore made for these objects. I therefore recommend that authority be given to borrew whatever sum may be necessary to cover that deli, it. I re commend the observance of strict economy in eke appropria tion and expenditure of public money. I recommend a revision of the existing tariff, and its ad justment on a boats which may augment the . I do not doubt the right or duty of Congress to encourage domestic industry-, which is the great mums of national as well as in dividual wealth and prosperity. I look to the wisdom and patrio'ism of Congress for the adoption of a system which may place home labour, at last, ou a rare and permanent footing, and, by due encouragement of manufactures, give a new and increased stimulus to agriculture, and promote the development of our vast resources and the extension of our commerce. Believing that to the attainment of these ends (as well as the necessary euententetion of the revenue and the prevention of frauds), a system of specific duties is best adapted, I strongly recommend to congress the adoption of that system, fixing the duties at rates high enough to afford sufficient and eulatantial encouragement to our own industry, cad at the lame time so adjusted as to insure stability. The question of the continuance of the sub-treasury system is is spectlully submitted to the wisdom of congress. If con tinued, important modifications of it appear to be iaais. passable. Fur further details and views on the above and other matters connected with commerce, the finances, and revenue, I refer to the report of the secretary of the treasury. No dirt aid has been given by the general government to the improvement of agriculture, except by the expe minute of small sums for the collection and publication of agricul tural statistics, and for some chemical analyses, which have been, thus far, paid for out of the patent fund. This aid i., in my opinion, wholly inadequate. To give to this leading branch of American industry the encouragement which it merits, I respectfully recommend the establishment of an agricultural bureau ' to be connected with the Departm e nt o f the Interior. To elevate the social condition of the agricul turist, to increase his prosperity, and to extend his means of usefulness to his country, by multiplying his sources of infor mation, shoted be the study of every statesman, and a pri mary object with every legislator. No civil government having been provided by Covert's for California the people of that territory, impelled by the necessities of their political condition, recently met in con vention for the pewee of forming a constitution and State government which, the latest advises give me reason to sup pose, has been accomplished ; and it is believed they . will shortly apply for the admission of California in the U nion as a sovereign Sire. Should such be the ease, and should their constitution be conformable ti the requisitions of the constitution of the United States, I recommend their appli• cation to the favourable consideration of Congress. The people of New Mexico will also, it is believed, at no very distant period, present themselves for admission into the Union. Preparatory to the admission of Celifiraia and New Mexico, the people of each will have instituted for themaelves a republican form of government,' laying its foundation in such principles, and organising its powers in each form, as to them shall seem moat likely to effect their safe., and happiness." By awaiting their action, all mules of uneasiness may ba avoided, and confidence end kindly feeling pre served. With a view of maintaining the harmony and tranquility so dose to all, we should abstain from the intrduction of those exciting topics of a sectional character which have hitherto produced painful apprehensions in the public mind; and I repeat the solemn warning of the firm and most illustrious of my predecessors against furnishing "any ground for charactertuag perdu by geographical Mr crimincions." A collector has been appointed at San Francisco, under the act of Congress extending the revenue laws over Cali fornia ; and measures have been taken to organise the custom houses et that and the other ports mentioned in that act at the earliest period prantic.ble. The collector proceeded overland and advice' have not yet been received of hi. arrival at San Francisco. Meanwhile, it is understood that the customs have continued to he collected there by officers acting under the military authority, as they were during the administration el u.y predeces•or. It will, I think, be expedient to confirm the collections thus made, and dir set the avails (after such allowances as Courts. may think fit to authorise) to be expended within the territory, or to he paid into the Treasury, for the purpose of meeting appropriations for the improvement of its rivers and bar ' hours. _ . A party engaged on the coast purvey was despatched to Oregon in January last. According to the latest advice', they had not left California, and directions have been given to them, as soon as they shall have axed on the sites of the two lighthouse• and the buoys authorised to be constructed and placed in Oregon, to proceed without delay to mike re connoisancea of the most important points on the toad of California, and especially to examine and determine on sites for liehthone s on that coast, the speedy erection of which is urgently demanded by our npioly increasing commerce. I have transferred the Indian agencies from Upper Mis souri and Council Bluffs to Seam Fe sod Salt Lake ; and h ive caused to be appointed sub-agents in the Tell. ye of the Ode, the Sacramento, and Sm Joaquin tires. Still further legal provisions will be necessary for he effective and success tal extension of our system of Indian intercour , e over the new territories. I r commend the establishment of a branch mint in Cali. fonds, a. it will, in my optni in. afford important f cildies to those engaged in mining, as well as to the government in the dispo-ition of the mineral lands. I also recommend that commisaions be organised by Con gress to examine and decide upon the validity of the present sub icing land titles iu California and New Milieu, and that proasion be made for the reataleishment of elf--vs of surveyor generel in New Mexico, California, and Oregon, and for the surveying and bringing into market the public lends in thew• territories. Thin leads resume in position and ditti co.t of acecu, ought to be disposed of 0.. terms liberal to all, bet PIN daily tavourahle to the early emigrants. In order that the situation and character of the princital aeposites in California may be ascertained, I Torme nted that a gaol xical and mineralogical exploration be con nected with the linear surveys and that the mineral lends be .11,11 .1 into small lots salable for mining, and be depose I of by eel. or lease so as to give ear ntis tee en opientunity el procuring a permanent right of prop. ray in the soil. Ton *mild em to be as important to the PUMAS of mining as of ural pursuits. The greet mineral wealth of California and the advantages whines its ports and harbors, and those of Oregon afford to com merce, e . peeiery with the islands of the the Pacific and I adieu nesaie,and the populous regions el Bedard Asia make at certain that there will arise, in stew yea-s, illfge and rasp. roes com munities on out western coast. It, therefore, becomes import ' tent moat a line ofcommunication, the best and most ezpedll- Was waiols the nature of the ant..try will admit, should be opened within the United htates, from the navigable waters of the Atlantic or the Gulf of Mexico, to the Peelle. Opiates se elicited and expressed by two large sad respectable cosventions, lately assembled at St. Lows and Memphis. points to a railroad as that which, if practicable, will beet meet the wishes and wents of the country. But while this if in somesefal operation, wield bee work of great national iaa porhnee, and of a value to the country which it, would he diffi cult to estimate, it ought ii. tabs regarded se an undertaking of vast magni•nde and expense, and one which must, if it be indeed practicable, semester many difficulties in its erje,. stenction and we. Thereinto, to avoid failure and dials. pointment ; to enable congress to Indite whether in Nee condition of the country . through which it must pan , the work be feasible, and U tt be found so, whether it sho u ld be undertakenas a national improvement or left to individual's terpries ; and in the latter alternative, what aid, if any, ought to be extended to it by the government .' I recommend as a pre liminary measures careful recannolimance of the several pro posed routes bye scientific corps, and a report as to the practi cability of making such a road, with the estimate of the con of its construction and support For further views on these an:. other matters connected with the duties of the home department, I refer 3ou to the report of the Secretary of the Interior. I recommend early appropriation for continuing the river and harbour improvements which have been already begun, and also for the oonstructioa of those for which esti ma t e ; have been made, es well u for examinations and alienates preparatory to the commencement of such others as the wants of the country, and especially the advance of oar population over new districts, and the extension of com merce may render necessary. An estimate of the amount which can be advantageously expended within the seat fiscal you, under the direction of the Bureau of Trpoprapitical Bogie eon, accompanies the repot of the storetary of war, to which I respectfully invite the attention cf Congest'. The cession of territory made by the late treaty with Mexico has greatly extended our exposed frontie•, and ren dered its defence moredifficult. That treaty has also brought us under obligations to Mexico, to comply with which a military force is requisite. But our military estiblishment is not materially changed, as to its efßciency, from the condition in which it stood before the commencemeat of the Mix can war. Seas addition to it will therefore be neces sary; and I recommend to the favourable consideration of congress an increase of the several carpi of the army at our distant western p .sts, as proposed in the accompanying re port of the secretary of war. Great embarrassment has resulted from the effect upon rank in the army, heretofore given to brevet and staff com missioners. The views of the secretary of war on this sub ject are deemed important, and it carried into effect will, it is believed, promote the harmony ot the service. The plan proposed for retiring disabled officers and providing an as) lum for such of the rank and file as from age, wounds, and other infirmities occasioned by service have become unfit to perform their respective duties, is recommended as a means of increasing the efficiency of tee army, and as an tot of justice, duel rom a grateful cJuntry to the faithful soldier. The accompanying report of the Secretary of the Navy presents a full and satisfactory acc :oat of the concbtioa and operations of the naval service during the past year. Our citizen, nipped in the legitimate pursuits of com merce hare enjoyed its benefits. Wnerever our national vessels have gone, they have been rectiv:d with retire, our officers have been treated with kindness and courtesy, and they have, on all occasions, pursued a course of strict neu trality, in accordance with the p iilco of our goeerorecnt. The naval force at present in COMI:Iii..6OO, is LI large &I is admissible with the number of men authorised by conresa to be employ, d. I invite your attention to the recommendation of the se cretary of the navy, oa the subject of reorganisation of the navy, in its various grades of cffioers, and the ettebtishi-:g of a retired list for tun of the officers as are disqual.fieo for active and effective service. Should Congress apopt some such measures as is recommended, it will greatly increase the efficiency of the navy, and reduce i•s expenditures. I also ask your attention to the views expressed by him is reference to the employment of war steamers, and in regard to the contracts fur the transportation of the United States mails, and the operation of the system upon the pros perity of the navy. efißy an act of congress, passed August 14th, 1849, provisioa was made for extending pcstoffice 1:16211 accommu4ations to California and Oregon. Exertions hays been sonde to execute that law; but the limited provisions of the act, the inadequacy of the means it authorises, the iii adaptation of our post-office laws to the atuation of that country, and the measure of compensation for services al:owed by those laws compared with the prices of labour and rents in California, render thou exertions, in a great degree, ineffectual. Mere particular and efficient provision by taw is required on thr subject. The act of 1845, reducing postage, has now, by its opera tion eluting four years, produced reaolts fully showing that the income from such reduced postage is sufficient to sustain the whole expense of the service of tut Post Office Depart ment, not including the expense of transportation in mail steamers on the lines from New Yak to Chases, and from Panama to Astoria,;which have net been considered by Coe geese as properly belonging to the m t 1 service. It is submitted to the wiafom of Congress whether a fur ther reduction of postage should not now be made, more pile ticularly in the letter correspondence. This should be relieved from the unju.t burthen of transporting and delieeriug the franked matter of Congress, for wLich public service provi sion mould be made from the treasury. I confident.y her lieu, that a change may be safely mule, reducing all single lstter postage to tee uniform rate of live cents. regsrdiess of distance, witnout thereby imposing any greater tax on the treasury than would constitute a very moderate compensa tion for this public service, and I therefore respectfully recommend such a reduo ion. Should Corpus prefor to abolish the Caulking privilege emir-:y, it seems probable that no demand on the treasure would result from the pie posed reduction of postage. Wh,ther any further diminu tion should niw be made, or the result of the redue . :on to five cents, which I have recommended, should be first tested, is •übmitted to your decision. Since the commencement of the last session of congreser a postal treaty with (heat Britaia has been received and ratified, and such regulations hare been Lensed by the Pest. office departmews ot the two atuntries in pursuance of that treaty as to carry its provisions into full op:ration. The attempt to extend this same arrangement, through England, to France, has not been equally suciessiul; but the pupae has not been abandoned. Fur *particular statement of the comlition of the Pat office department, and other maven concocted with that branch of the public service, I refer yea to the capon of the Postmuter•General. By [he act of the 3d of March, 1849, • B ,and was cam gilded to make arrangements for taking teki, g the :seventh census, composed of the Secre,fary of State, the Attorney- General, and the Po:totalisator General ; and it was made the duty of this B and to prepare and sssss to be printed nob forms and schedules as ceigh7 be necessary kr the full ewes meration of the inhabitants of the United States; and ales proper forms an dechedules fore dlectiagetatuiical tables, taw der proper heads, such inte rasa, a as to aiurs , age culti commerce, manufactures, education, end other topics a; weal' exhibit a full view of the pureuits, industry, education. and resources of the actuary. The duties cnjoinot rpm the census board, thus establish. d, having been p, eased, it now rests with congress to enact a law :Or carding :ate effect the provision of the titutien which requires an antes' enumersuon of the people et the United States within the ensuing year. Among the duties auigned by the constitution to the general government is one of l.cxl and limited appli cation, but not, on that ancrun*, the has obligstcrt ; I allude to the trust committed to Cone', se as the is elusive lesialat r and sole guardian if the interests the District of Columhis. I bet t 3 coiamend these iii:ereses to your kind attention. As the cstional m-troeolis. des city of Washington must be as, object of general iu.ereet; and, founded es it was under the auspices of him whose ins. mortal tame it bran, its claims to inn teetering csr C a. grese present themselves with additional etrengtb. What ever can contribute to its prosperity must enlist the feefiege of i's constitutional guardian, and command their faring able consideration. Our government is one of limited powers, and its 111611.111. ful adtaihicration emtnen7:j el- pen& on the onstinanrl4 of ouch of its co ordinate branches with its urn sphere. Tre • ret section of the Catritution ordains that " all legislative powers therein plated shall be vested in a emigres of the United States, which .tall cow,ist of a Seams and House of larierestnie.hes," Tho exseutire has authoti's to r.tommend I , 44 to dictate) measures to Coneres.. Hang pea l ra eat th. 3 duty, the executive department of the surer.. a.. as cannot rightfully control the d•eis.un of Cone etc o n „ g y subject of legislation, until that deci,ltn shall have ts. ea ufficislly submitted to the presilene for appr ,v .1. Ta. che. k provided by the Cocr.tivion, in the el _us: corer,. eg the qua del veto, will Lever be ex•reistel by toe, estop; is the cares cuLtewislived the father. of .he Tirade'. I view it as . an extreme measure, to be r- sort,: to only in extra:reining Clllllll—ma where it may become time mry to defend the Executive agaituit the euort.schmealla of the legislative power, or to prevent hasty cal inconsiderate (4 unoonstitutional legislation. By citations.- ), cotioing this retool within the spher• pros Mad to it in the cotemporater:s exposittor of the t.amcas of the constitui .ii, the will of the peop'e, I••gitimatcly ea pressed on all subjects of legislatien, through th.ir ducal organs, the senators and rept...sestina's of the Ca.tue States, will have its full eSeet. As indispeue .b'e to Cl a km servation of our system of sect-govercars.t, the Ledo. r.derhisit of the representatives of the Steles and the people is gusse► teed by the consti.utton ; sal they owe nu r.rpoueh to et y horners pone, but their Ctlelititar:ts. By huk4 in,t the Reprecentative rem...am:tie only to tnu pc. re, eM exempting hint fr m all other f , flamee-, we e erg e the cha racter of the eonstitaent and quick. a fen , of re.;elistbs lity to his country. It is under three ar. west tic.. one that the elector can feel that, in the et.efee of .he 1.. w mehge he is Wooed( truly a component tof tor.re power of the nation. With tqual case wo should au to del. rid the righ , • of the executive and judicial p e a. men' , Our government cut rely be preserv..l purity by the 6urprooks sad entire clinins:Ai m ut every elaini or tendency of oar co oiliest. branch to 'itemiser mint upon soothir.—With the strict observanoi of this tub rtit of qv.. cli w. r. ree of 4 OW son. by Use rate ed ate $. Re. J. coast , eldest re, sad Amok isbar7. teboece b. Stir. th. oasaa. be Its. dam it I. is I+' e2l s*