The Express. — London, England, 1860-09-01 00:00:00

L_ ALLEN'S PATINT PORTMANTIAI7B mid TRAVKLUNO 11106 with square combo. LADISH' DRAM 'MILS. Dit/ItaING SAW, with tam Mum De 4 YATI'II !W)N. WRITING mad DIMMING CASIM, and MO other arta lea hw bone or sealriatal Invoking. lllngested catalogue. foe IWO. by pod kw Iwo Minya J W. ALLk\. kW J. W. W T. Allan. Manufacturer ot 0111 cant barrack Eurnlllll.BM4 MilbaryOutatter awl separate cabs ages. la as/ IX Massa. lAda igAzmoNiums—NEW MODEL. —. AA =AM. MIA sal Cs, W. ItiptiativeL Bllllol'll WAfORIS rafts. st iestimin.•—itioulet lid/ wain% la WO ism; Maw ea Xi N.M.& ST amen aratnted km= fimetWat i ti ww/ swaa a/ milli awriarla W le an weft 'MONK -.a lAA as, iimesewba. La aftlikied n& QWZIET FIIMIGATION.—PIIBBI sad LVIIIWS RIBBON at 11V0113.-4/0* N. Wes as um, airmand as it memiders ei • buys.. verse, will rinfate tie W. IMO tar nestles ft re las ban. (iMand Ma Morn( 1141.)--Puttreari radon. %. Now 1ked4.741•11. X story atom lives traealoar to year p a d yt, pftbkilmd ••Itle lEnee for Ver k teso=ifflce Steitysaes, et ALL Um, YEAR ROUND, c.rd•• sh. gawkirea of Matte Collins Maury, 1111 WOMAN la WRITS: The easiesseemeas at New Mial Mill by Manes Lever, iattUa A DA RIDE : A WPCS ROMANCE: The Thirteenth Journey ot TIE UNCOMMXIICIAL TIIATELLIK. by Charles Dickens Also. NUNTED DOWN a Stars In Two Porta. by (bads. Dlckene And. to adelitica Vltteen Articles on topics at ineasdiate and genrraliatereoL Pubbindlake In Week r a y obers, prk• Id.. and In Halt Velma.,et na at In street, strand, tr and by and Rall. 11111, , London. It erpreso. TO COMICIPONDILVI/L Woottl Wooded tar "The Tsprow" London tondos Pow. mist be ai tM aim 10. Bouvcrlootreet, 14 Two Mink ea tho day of publtestios. aATYAk r!. TRH 277111TP0. THE OVERLAND ROUT& Meseta COlppw dsle. Compton. &tautens. sod C. Mathews: lira C. Methewa And PAIL PRY Messra C Mathews. Chlppeatlais. Regis; sad Mrs. C. Mathews sod Mrs. Poynter. ry.uccicers. TWPI BrOMP. 31ACBEiH. livers James i Asainoa, Share. V Matthews, Welt.. sad Bartleman ILlawarthy . , Mae R. Laclercq. sad Mir IL !AWL —And THE MIST NIGHT. Nr. A. liarria Mir H. flarri&—Commence at 7. EILITANNIA, TTIIII VERN, A LITZ DOA A Lin; cr. The Bunten et Coat —Mews. Repaid, and Smythe= W. rnorford. sW011.10) CHILD. Made Sesella ; Miss Dwening.— Alul THE BEHOAKB PiTMON. /In i Tarsal. RION WATER AT LONDON DRIDOG Tim DAT 2b. 44m.... Afternoon, th. Sem Tomasoir—Noralag, SR. Itsk.....Afternuou. uh. std LONDON, SATURDAY, SEPT. 1. Ir Spain, in her attempted renaissance, is not capable of asserting for herself the rank of one of the Great Powers, we really do not see how the rest of Europe is to help her. Great Powers con stitute themselves; they are not a self-elective body nominating each other. Their number is altogether arbitrary, and the fact that five, and only five, Great Powers are now recognised, springs from the pm-existing fact that there are only five Powers whose military or commercial predominance has secured to them a leading voice in the councils of Europe. The simple reason of each of these Powers having main tained its position as a Great Power is, that it is too powerful to be neglected in the settlement of any European question. Why did this country and France invite Prussia to be • party to the Treaty of Paris of 1858 for the settlement of the Turkish war, with which Prussia had no concern, either as principal, auxiliary, or mediator ? Simply because Prussia was a State tmi powerful to be left uncommitted to a political settlement which was designed to be of universal acceptation. Let Spain but render herself as for midable as Prussia now is, and on the occasion of the first general settlement in Europe Spain will be readily called in to join in the guarantees that the other Great Powers may make. The alssunlity, however, of the proposal for the artificial constitution of Spain as one of the Great Powers of Europe must not blind us to the fact that Spain is a country which, during the last ten or fifteen yews, has largely increased in wealth and population. It is possible, therefore, that hereafter she way again attain the position to which she now aspires ; but for the present her ambition isaltogetherpremature. It is an interesting fact that since the year 1846 the Spanish popula tion ►ppears to have advanced more rapidly than the French, not only in relation to its actual amount, hut also positively. In 1846 the pope 'then was returned at 12,182,000 ; it is now returned at 15,484,000. We acknowledge that there is some reason to doubt the precise accuracy of returns of population in a country possessing so defective a local administration ; but we appre hend that there can be no question of a large in crease. Meanwhile in France the population during the five years 1851-56 did not increami by more than about 380,000, nor is it likely that the next census of 1881 will present a snore favourable result. If we turn from the increase in the Spanish population to the increase of Spanish commerce, we are met by an official state nivnt which bears the impress of somewhat reck less exaggeration. In 1850 the imports an valued at 872,000,000 reale, and the exports at 484000,000 ; the total being 1,160,000,000 teals. In 1864 we find this total augmented to 1,806,000,000 reale, and in 1857 to as much as 2,723,000,000. Beyond this date our figures do. not carry us ; but it does not seem reasonable to credit the assertion that Spanish trade has increased 17 135 per cent. in the short space of seven years. Probably, if we were to halve this increase, we should fix it at the utniost presumable maximum ; and such an ampientation would suffice to justify sanguine pre- , diction' of the future of Spain. We are told by' the government that the tonnage of the shipping has increased proportionally ; that the manufac ture and exportation of wine have increased also in a degree which implies • great increase of domestic cultivation ; and an on. Spain has cer tainly evinced considerable activity during the last few years in the construction of railways ; and this is an element of progress sand reform in which there can be no deception. More than pa) lalernetres--about 600 miles—of railway are now in actual working in the Spanish penin- I sula, and we remember that but a few years ago the only Spanish railway in existence was that between Madrid and .tranjuex. There are also some four hundred miles of railway in course of construction, the total in working and construction hieing thus over a thousand. Whether or not all the lines of railway already authorised by the State have been sanctioned in a definite expecta tion of their being undertaken, we cannot lay ; hht it is certain that lines to the extent of some five thousand five hundred kilometres, or about thrue l thousand rive hundred miles, have been so autho rised. This "theme, if really carried into effect, will absorbSpaniali industry, and more than Spanish capital, for many years. It will be asked, however, what means hale the Spaniards for such gigantic enterprises I We imagine that everything in Spain that is connected wi In railways is moulded on the French system. ii French capital and French engineers are distri- THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EV*ENG, SEPTEMBER I,IBSO. bitted pretty freely. The railway mania in France' has nearly subsided, because the wealth and in dustry of that country have been so freely em ployed that there are scarcely any main lines to be constructed in France with a fair prospect of re• niuneration. Only the branch lines in that country remain to be executed. Speculators, capitalists, end men of industrial scienceturntheir attention accord ingly to Spain. Into Spanish enterprise there may come also the English skill and the English capital that have found their way into French undertakings. Associations of credit are also formed in Madrid and elsewhere in Spain on the French model. Thus there have been recently established the Spanish Mobilier, the Spanish Mercantile and Indus trial Society, the Barcelonese SocieStoi Mobiliere, and several others. We believe we are strictly accu rate in stating that none of these societies data from before the year 1856. It cannot, therefore, be disputed that the last ten years have greatly in creased the wealth and substance of the Spanish peninsula. - Yet Spain is geographically ill-placed to take a leading part in the affairs of Europe, unless she were again a great maritime power. Thrust, as it were, into an extrame corner of the Con tinent, there are but wo eta tee, France and Portugal, on which her territories border. Political prominence arises from the fact of being able to make war decisively, as much as from commercial wealth. Without the com mand of the sea, Spain would have her choice in war between attacking one Power with which the could not maintain the con test, and attacking another from victory over which she could gain no prestige. Her dreary and ill-conducted hostilities with Mo rocco show how little she is to be feared by any competent antagonist in war. Spain, convinced of the truth of these viesic, has lately attempted to build herself a new navy. In this scheme the ruler of France takes an interest naturally result ing from the prospect that a Power which may never be strong enough by sea to be independent, may yet haw ships enough some ten years hence to be a useful maritime auxiliary. If the facts which we have just quoted possess any meaning at all, they justify an expectation that Spain will return to a position of some little importance in Europe ; but artificially to constitute her a Great Power now, would be to declare a fact which does not exist, and to make a declaration that would carry no significance. Its only possible result would be to give Lotus Naroizots an additional vote in any Congress of the Great Powers in which questions at issue might be consigned to the decision of a numerical majority. The generous patron will probably be satisfied if, in this instance, the din inte.eated client is content to take the will for the deed. CDe Court. BALMORAL, Amon 30. Her Majesty rode in the neighbourhood of the Castle yesterday afternoon, accompanied by the Prisms of Leiningen, Princess Alice, and Princess Helena. The Prince of Leiningeu went out shooting. The Right Hoc. Midney Herbert left the Castle in the morning. The Duke of Aron arrived at the Castle. The Bishop of Durham arrived at the Castle for the par- pone of doing homage to her Majesty oa his appointment to the Mee of Durham, on which occasion the usual oath woo administered by Lord. John Russell, one of her Najogty's Secretaries of State. _ . Lori aad Lady John Russell Lad the honour of being invit...l to dinner. The party also included the Bishop of Durh..iii and Sir JIL01(1.1 Clark. The Chancellor of the Exchequer and MN. Gladstone Late left HAMM nieu elude for Penmsentnaur, North Wales. Despatches for the Lord High rommissionvr of the lonian Islands and (tethe Governors of Canada owl thu Bahamas were sent yesterday from the ColonieLoffice. The Lerant IPrabi (Conntantinnple) of the 22nd alt ssyn . :—"Lord Dafferin, British Commissioner to Syria, liras ad here ow Sunday by the Marseilles steamer, and at face proceetkll in lase of the Gannet's boats to Tberapia, where his lordship is now staying as the guest of the ambassador." The Duku of Somerset, Rear-Admiral the Hon. F. T. Pelham, C. 8., Captain Charles Eden. C. 11., and Mr. Whitbrisi, M.P., left Whitehall on Thurvdiky (says the United Srn•ln Gaultr) for Holyhead, where the Osborne WWI awaiting their ari ival to convey them to Kingstown, Dublin. It is probable the member, of the bran] will avail themselves of an invitation to visit the l.onl•l.ieutenant. After leaving Dublin they are to go to Cork by rail, and re emlcirking on board the Osborne will proceed to Perribroko, and from thence return to town, prior to making a tour of the other naval ports. The members sow at Whitehall are Sir Richard Dundee and Captain Prederick, with Mr. Ro maine. Lord Clarence Paget is absent on leave. A fine bronze modal, commemorative of the visit to Camels soil the Maga:slim of the Victoria Bridge by the Prince of Wales, has been struck from the dies of Mr. Joseph Wpm. Mr. D. M. Wyatt has supplied • design for the inverse, convisting of the Prince of Walov's plume of fea thers, with the crown and motto, enveloped iu a triumphal arch of scrolls and flowers. A portrait of Hobbes, of Malmesbury, has been recently added to the National Portrait Gallery, together with a portrait of Dunning, Lard Ashburton, by Reynolds— the latter presented by Mr. Thomas Miring, M.P. The FrP , ntan'A Journal states, 1%.9 a general rumour, that either Mr. Francis William Brady, or Mr. Andres, chairman of the Fist Rabe( of Cork, is booked for the Mastership in Chancery (3,000(. Irak currency per annum), vacated by Mr. Acheson Lyle, Lonl-Lieutenant Londonderry. Mr. Brady is sou of the chancellor, and twice waisted the city, in the hope of oustiug oue of tho "Dub lin six." A number of the new clam 40-pounder Armstrong gum, the whole of which have been manufactured et Ha wn* mad forwarded to Woolwich for proof, hare been fired at the Royal Arsenal butt during the week. Two of the pwa pro►ed yesterday with en ordinary charge of powder sad abet, by an accidental wearier of the inner screw, bunt at the breech, and two others of the mine clue, subject to a like unaccountable weakness, gave way in • similar manse. The guns were Bred by electricity, the operating wire being mewed Mama a bomb-proof shed for the protection of the gunners. The breech pion of each gun was projected to • considerable distance from the butt, and after • lengthened march they were rewid ins bedded in the Arsenal ditch. On Monday the All England meet twenty-two of Ireland at Dublin ; and on Thursday twenty of the North of Ireland and Gronixl (with twu bowlers given) at Belfast. The United here their work cut out on this side of the Channel, mains* twenty of Bradford, at Bradford, and eighteen county of Durham men (with four professionals) at Bishop Auckland. The regattas for next week are Al follows : Limehoute Landsmen, Worcester, Apprentices, and Londoe Unity Club (four oars, Putney to Flames), on 11 . 44 5 Y ; Deal and Weimer, on Wednesday ; haiumu, and Dover and Cinque Ports, on Thursday; West Loudon Howie( nob, on Friday and Saturday ; and London Printers' Regatta, Millbask, on Saturday. The Royal English Opera, Coront-garden, will . . commence its third lowan, uuder the management of Miss Loma& Ityas and Mr. W. Harrison, on Monday. October 2 . The real Hiondin, the tight-rope dancer, has narrowly escaped death. He was creasing • tightrope in °bloater desk. wheeling • harrow, sad encircled with a lies of Rrewurke--douhtlem is Jeslouu imitation of the lete splen d id meteor. Hates he had rwiched the middle of Lis aerial route one of the pieces exploded, and set fire to his clutloun. There was no time to kilt and extinguish the flames. awl the modern I•haeton could only keep en het course. and suffer the turtivre of beim; slowly blistered. ith Len a o self-control hr pilled the mod of his journey and succeeded is smothering the its, but out until he was sadly burnt. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. NAPLIB AND SICILY. There is a lull in the news from Naples. The military pronunciamento which was to have taken place on August 29, appears to have been post poned for want of sufficient understanding among the generals concerned in it. Garibaldi has mysteriously disappeared from the Calabriss for an unknown destination. It is announced that Baron Brenier has ob tained from the Neapolitans all the satisfaction that he demanded, but it is not stated in what that satisfaction consists. It appears that the Neapolitan government, by way of compliance with the Marquis de Villa marina's demands for satisfaction for the attack upon the beraeglieri by some of the King's riflemen, has brought the guilty parties to a court martial, and paid a sum of 20,000 fr., which the Marquis de Villamarina has distributed among the families of the five soldiers who were killed in the tumult. The death of Lieut. De Flotte is unfortunately confirmed. A ball went through his head while he was charging the royalists at the head of a party of fifty men, half English and half French. He is a sad loss to Garibaldi, for he was an accomplished naval officer, and quite competent to have taken the command of a fleet. Garibaldi mentioned hie heroic conduct in a general order of the day, and had him interred in the church of Solano. The French legitimist journal, the Union, says that all is not yet lost at Naples, for that Francis 11. may yet mount on horseback and conquer or die ; and it earnestly advises him to show to Europe the heart-stirring spectacle of a king dying on the field of battle. Upon this the Patric drily remarks, "There is doubtless much generosity in these counsels, but will they be listened to at Naples Thu Umi4m it a long way off, and Garibaldi is very near." It appears from a Messina letter of August 26, in the Patric, that the French ship fired upon by Garibaldi's batteries was not, u stated by a Mar seilles journal, employed in carrying Neapolitan troops, but was a vessel of war mistaken, moat un fortunately, for a Neapolitan one. The circum stance is thus related : On August 22, • large Neapolitan screw frigate of fifty. six guns entered the Straits, took up a position in front of the F..m batteries, and exchanged with them • violent cannonade which lasted for half an hour. A few minutes later a French screw steamer came into the straits, and was received with cannon balls by the Faro. It was not till after the eighteenth shot that the mistake was found out. The next day the French vessel Prouy made Its appearance at Messina, and • demand for satisfaction was at once sent to the com mandant of Messina and the Faro. At noon the Prouy was reinforced by the Descartes, and both vessels prepared to act in awe of • renewal of the untoward incident. But General Tan lost no time in writing to our consul, M. Bonlard, to express his deep regret for the mistake. Be sides that in the midst of the smoke it was impossible to distinguish the flag, the Garibaldians had acted unde r the impulse of the indignation caused by the treacherou s conduct of the Neapolitan frigate, which came up to its position under French colours, and then, when it had thoroughly reconnoitred the batteries, fired two murderous teriadsiiles upon them before hoisting their own. Without urging this as a sufficient excuse, General Ture offered the most ample satisfaction. The Deecartee left Messina on Sunday morning, but was replaced by the Imperial, which remains there with the Prouy. GENOA, Auuuii 31. According to advices from Iteggio, a report was current that General Briganti (the royalist com mander) had been shot at Monteleone by the sol diers of his own regiment. It is stated that Garibaldi entered Monteleone on the 27th inst., and that he bad succeeded in trans porting his whole army to the mainland. THE FRENCH GOVERNMENT AND THE MOVEMENT AT NAPLES. The Moititeur of to-day says The inquiry insti tuted at Naples not having succeeded in discovering the individuals guilty of the assault upon the French ambassador, the Duke of Canajello has been sent to Paris to express officially to the Em peror the profound regret of the King of the Two Sicilios on account of that event." Thu same journal contains the following : " Prince Murat has published • letter disavow ing those who would in his name excite troubles at Naples. The government of the Emperor can only applaud this declaration, but the hope which the prince expresses in that letter of being one day ablo to go to Naples with the consent and support of France is too much opposed to the wishes of the Emperor to allow each a supposition to pass with out au official disavowaL" and on the sand day 110 of the Turkiih soldieriwho took podia the massacre of Haahbyia,mad helped the Drums in their work of blood, were shot. All these miserable culprits were only condemned after a long and patient trial, and have richly deserved their fate. The Moslems here are aghast. To execute true believers for the murder of mere dogs of Chris tians is to them what to us the hanging of men for destroying so much vermin would be. They say the world must be coming to an end. But they are oowed, and dare not move hand or foot. There is no doubt, however, that were it not for the presence of the French force in Syria, Fuad Pacha dared not, even if he had the will, have carried out these sentences, or, if he had done eo, the whole Moslem population, both at Damascus and in Aleppo, would have risen. In Beyrout the presence of the men-of war will keep them quiet, but in the in terior it would have been very different. We may, however, safely predict that if Fuad continues to act with the same vigour as he has commenced with, he will not only save the Turkish empire, but will place these provinces on such a footing that future fanatical outbreaks will be impossible. He is giving the Moslems the first lesson they ever bad, and it is far better that this lesson should be from another Moslem than from a stranger. There is no mention whatever made of any ad vance into the interior by the French troops. They have, it is true, made contracts with muleteers., but only that in the event of their having to move they may not have to look for baggage cattle at the eleventh hour. General D'Hantpoul gives out that he does not expect to be more than six months here, nor to move from Beyrout, unless it be to help the Turks to punish the Druses, whose turn is yet to come. When mentioning the advent of the French troops here, I forgot to say that there is quite a new feature in the organisation of the force, namely, their being accompanied openly and avowedly by two "special correspondents" for the press, one of these gentlemen being sent out by the Prase, and the other by the Gazette de France. This is something until now unheard of in the annals of French warfare. I observe by the English papers that as regards the occupation of Syria the land forces are to be sent by France and the ships by England. But the latter will some three mouths hence be equi valent to nothing, for no ships of any size can re main in the Beyront roads during the winter, so that we virtually shall have left the whole occupa tion to the French so soon as the summer months are over. THE PENINSULAR MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, SAMMY. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Tagus, Captain Vail, with the above mails, has arrived. She left Lisbon on the 27th ult., and brings 30 passengers, 4,285/. in specie, and 1,150 packages of general cargo. On the 21st she spoke the Masillo, on the 27th the Una. Captain Callow, the chief officer, and two en gineers of the steamer Ganges, which foundered at sea, on the 29th July, have arrived from Lisbor. The remainder of the crew were left at Tenerife in charge of the Consul, by whom they would be sent home. Lisbon Exchangee—On London, at 3 months, 541 ; on Paris, 5.26 ; on Hamburg, 48 ; on Am sterdam, 421 ;on Genoa, 5.26. Rental, Three per Cents., 471 ; Coupons, 443,i ; Deferred, 341 ; Lis bon Bank, 535 milreis ; Oporto Bank, 260 ruilreis ; Mercantile Bank, 261 milreis. THE CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS. 13OUTHAMPTON, SArt:RDAT. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Ripon, Captain Christian, with the heavy portion of the above mail, ham arrived here. She had ninety-seven renewers, of whom Major-General Sickyer, C. 8., Doctor Kelart, and the wife and child of Captain Rennie, died at sea. Her eargo includes raw silk valued at upwards of 100,0001., and precious atones of the value of 2,300 nip's... She spoke the Indus, the Valetta, her Majesty's ship Orion, brig Sussex Maid, barque Jane Thurston, barque Arabian, schooner Rapid, and steamer &nine. The Pere left Gibraltar on the '26th ult., for the Feat. Exchange on London at Gibraltar was quoted 501 ; on Paris, Mr. 32c ; on Marseilles and Genoa, bfr. Etc. ; on Cadiz, Malaga, and Valencia, at par. Spanish pillared dollar", 3 per cent. premium. Freights to London and out ports in the United Kingdom, 12 dollars per ton and 10 per cent. ; Malta, Leghorn, Genoa, and Marseilles 4 dollars to 5 dollar per ton and 5 per seat. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (room oca ow PARIS, FRIDAY ENT.NINO. In connexion with the news I sent yesterday of an additional French brigade having been ordered to Rome, I think it material to notice the following passage in the Marquis de Larochejaquelin's speech to the Council General of the Two Sevres : While I am speaking to you fresh battalions are going out to our army of occupation in Rome, there to join those whose noble minion it is to defend the heed of catholicism and the holy city. An army is being orpnised for the de fence of the Roman States, and Frame approves, and is about to aid, its efforts. I believe that the notorious legitimist renegade —now a senator—went beyond his oommission in saying that France was about to defend the " Ro man States." Battier's Correspondence of this even ing, while announcing that two regiments are about to reinforce the garrison of Rome, adds that M. do Gramont is said to have informed the Pope that the Emperor proposes to defend Rome and Civita Vecchia only. The intervention of France, even thus confined, will, I am afraid, in any case effectually prevent the unity of Italy ; and, unless the Emperor's designs shall be checked, may very probably be fatal to her liberty. But, at all events, it is a present satisfaction to think that M. Henri de Laruchejaqueliu has no warrant for his insinua tion that the Emperor makes wmaion cause with General de Lamoricibre. There iv uo truth in tho report that the Pope has adhered to the principle of au Italian con federation. A Lyons journal affirms that the Imperial Prinoe will come to that city to meet his father and mother on their return to Paris. The Bourse, iu the absence of any decisive news, was tolerably firm, and a alight advance on yes terday's prices was realised. The Rente rose tic. for cash and 10c. for account, closing at 08fr. 15c. in each case. Mobilier rose ar. 50c. The railways were from lfr. 25c. to 2fr. 50e. higher. • The government organs are instructed to deny the truth of a report that the Emperor had required Switzerland to send a deputation to pay him a complimentary visit as he passed through Thouou, on the Swiss frontier. Such a demand they say would not be in accordance with diplomatic usage ; but they proceed to express an expectation that the federal government will not in point of fact fail to send the deputation. September 12 is defiuitively fixed u the day of the inauguration on the heights of the Puy de Dome of a colossal statue of the Virgin cast from the cannon taken at Sebastopol. There will doubtless be an extraordinary gathering of people from many parts of France to witness the ceremony. The bishop of the diocese, Mgr. Morlbon, in a pastoral letter inviting his clergy to attend, says : This colossal statue will remind future centuries that 011 September 5, the Emperor promised to Mary the cannons of Sebastopol, and that on September 8 Mary opened the gates of Sebastopol to the Emperor's soldiers. May th happy alliance between heaven and earth, between religion and authority, be drawn closer every day, and as religion has nothing more at heart than to support authority, so may authority ever seek its true stability in the maintenance of religion. SARDINIA. (ram ous OWN counronivre.) TURIN, Aucusr 28. AA Signor Mazzini has lived many years in Eng land, where he has made many acquaintances, it is probable that some one or other of them has sent you the manifesto, if I may so call it, which be has published in the Unita Ita liana of Genoa, whence it was extracted and refuted by the Opiniese of Turin. But the latter journal, looking merely at the general political question, has not contradicted all the circumstantial errors which occur iu Mazzini's statement. One of these is the accusation he makes against Carlo Poerio of having taken part in the electoral committees of Naples (since such an act would be a concession to the Bourbon), and of having favoured the Neapolitan autonomy, and of being adverse to the national idea of unity. Now the truth is, that Baron Poerio has been consist ently faithful to the programme he laid down in his speeches in our parliament here, of which you gave the text in the E.cpress. He has made no concession to the Bourbon, has taken no part in the electoral committees, but has remained here at Turin, acknowledging Victor Emmanuel for his king, and united Italy for his country. There is accordingly no foundation for the charge brought against the baron by Signor Mazzini, who himself has suffered for the Italian cause nothing more than exile, sweetened by a sense of personal security, in England, whereas Poerio has three times been a prisoner (once, in deed, for nine years) in the Neapolitan dungeons, and twice an exile. Volunteers continue to depart front Genoa, but as travellers proceeding to Malta. Their ultimate destination, it may well be guessed, will be Gari baldi's head-quarters. The government haa opposed these collective departures patronised by Masni, because they introduce a fatal armed dualism into the Italian movement. The situation of our ministry has been improved of late, and we shall know to-night from Farini, who is expected back from his visit to Chambery, whether the Emperor means to defend the Pope outside the bounds of Rome. When we know that, General Lamoricikre may probably have some serious occupation on his hands before long. Among the many personages coming here incog nito within the last few days there has been Gene ral Nuuziante, who has had some important con versations widi one or more of our statesmen, but 'he must now be back again at Naples. He says that there was formerly a certain amount of dis content in the kingdom of Naples, but never any clear conception of what it was the people wanted. It had hitherto been impossible to perceive behind any revolutionary momment anything else than anarchy, which every good citizen ought to set his face aga inst ; and for this reason, he had supported the government, advising it, but in vain, to act more rationally and render itself moo tolerable. But now that he sees neither the triumph of the foreigner nor anarchy resulting from the fall of the Bourbon government—now that he sees instead of that the monarchical and national princ;ples clearly defined, he intends, like a man who loves order and the permanent welfare of his country, to do his best towards bringing about the overthrow of the Bourbon dynasty ; now that he known what is to be substituted fur it, and eau look forward not to a dreadful unknown future, but to the realisation of a clear and practicable scheme, he says that he will join most readily with the people of Naples, and with the whole nation, in the cry of " Italy and Victor Emmanuel !" Meanwhile here are various Neapolitan officers, who, having thrown up their commissions in the army of Francis 11., have been admitted into the Piedmonteee army. They are notdeierters, and there fore this transaction is perfectly regular, nor can our own officers take offence at it. If it were not a case of desertion eit masse, I think deserters would not be favourably regarded by our own Miners ; but this is not a case of the individual act of desertion, but it is the spirit of political revolution, unanimously felt throughout the land, that has induced these gentlemen to quit a service in which they could no longer serve with honour. I have just received a copy of the letter sent by the Count of Syracuse to his nephew the King of Naples three days ego. I look upon its contents as very important indeed. It is destined, I should think, to make a great sensation iu Europe; but I do not know whether it will be attended to in the reigning quarter, or whether it will awake the people of the Neapolitan capital from their lethargy. The people of the provinces have already shaken off their slumbers without the stimulus of a leter—but here it is : PRUSSIA. The Cologne Gazette, under the heading " Venetia and German Policy," publishes an article which may be looked upon as the programme of the Liberal party in Prussia as regards the Italian question in connexion with the interests of Germany. Accepting u correct the statement that at the Tosplitz meeting the Prince Regent of Prussia had admitted the importance to Germany that Venetia should remain to Austria, the Cologne Gazette pro tests against such a declaration, and against the con sequences it might lead to. It endeavours to prove that Germany has not the slightest claim to the posser.sion of Venetia, and that for Germany aa well as for Austria the preservation of that province to the latter would simply be a source of weakness and continual danger. At the same time it advises the Italians to leave Venetia alone until the other Italian affairs are settled, as if too much is at tempted at once nothing will be obtained. . THE JOURNEY OF THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON. llsrminay. The Monitewr of to-day publishes the following telegram, dated THONON, Averse 31 (Eviunsc). "Their Majesties have arrived here. Through out the wnole journey they have met with a sympathetic reception. Their Majesties have made an excursion on the lake as far as Evian. Not withstanding the fatigues of the journey the health of their Majesties continues to be perfect. The weather is admirable." SWITZERLAND. BEKNF, Auacer 31. On Monday next the ambassadors of Switzerland at the courts of Paris, London, Berlin, and Turin will assemble here fora conference with the Federal Council. THE EXECUTIONS AT DAMASCUS. (nom ova owl anasvoiniorr.) BEYBOUT, Aucrar 22. The post from Damascus is just in. Thanks to the arrival here of the French troops, Fuad Pacha has found Lis Lands so strengthened that he has at last Leen able to commence the executions at Damascus, and, so far as we have learnt, not a word Las been said by the fana tic populace of that most fanatical town. Of the inhabitants of Damascus who took part in the wiseacre, were hung on Tuesday, the 70th, LZTTICR OF HIS ROTAL HIOHNERR THE COO= OF SYBACCRI TO HDI M 'F TT FRANCIS n. KING OF THE TWO 81CILIZIS. flire,—lf one day my voice was raised to avert the dan gers impending over our house and was not listened to, let my prediction of greater misfortunes now hod entrance to your heart, and let it not be repelled by the influence of improvident and disastrous counsel. The altered condition of Italy and the feeling of national unity which has grown to a gigantic stature during the few months that have elapse d sines the fall of Palermo have deprived your Majest y 's government of that power by whleh states must be ruled, and have ren dered the alliance with Piedment impossible. The pupil. lotions of Upper Italy, horrified at the news of too sleugliter in Sicily, rejected by their decisions the ambits. PAM of Naples ; and we were grievously abaailoued 4. the fate of arms, alone, deprived of alliances, and exposed to the resentment of the multitudes, who from every part of Italy have risen in answer to the cry of externutiation named against our house, now made the object of universal reprobation. And in the meantime civil war, which is already invading the provinces of the continent, will drag down with it the dynasty in this final ruin, which the iniquitous arts of perverse counsellors have long prepared for the descendants of the Bourbon Charles 111. ; the blood of citizens, uselessly shed, will yet inundate the thousand cities of the realm, and you yourself, once the hope and love of the people, will be regarded with horror am the subs cause of a fratricid al war. Sire, do MVO, while there is yet timo--save our bowie from the cursed of all Italy ! Follow the noble example of our royal cousin of Parma, who, ou the breaking out of civil war, released her subjects from their allegiance, and made them the arbiten of their own destiny. Europe and your people will take account of the sublime &orifice, and you will be able, sin, confidently to lift up your face towards God, who will reward that magnanimous act of your Majesty. Your heart, thus tempered afresh by afflic tion, will open to the noble aspirations of patriotism, and you will bless the day when you generously sacrificial your self for the greatness of Italy. I fulfil, sire, by these words, the sacred duty which my experience imposes upon me, and 1 beseech God that He may be able to enlighten you, and to render you deeervingof lie blown/fa—Your Majesty's most affectionate uncle, LLOPoLD, Count of Syracuse. Naples, August 24 A New Orleans paper states that Mr. Henry, a merchant, of that city, who was supposed to have been last when the Collins steamer Arctic foundered, has uses• pettedly appeared. When all hope of his surviving had been extinguished, his wife, young and attractive, mourned for him, then married the chief clerk of her late husband. Together the pair lived happily fur several yearn, sod to their family three children were added. On the ith of last mouth the wife received from New York a letter written by her former husband. He had been picked up from a piece of tho wreck, with five other survivor,, sad, being taken on hoard a whaler, had gone on a long voyage with her. This ship was subsequently sunk, mill fifteen of those aboard saved themselves upon an island, from erhiuls they were taken by another whaler, whicia ,os just com mencing her cruise, and which only recently returned to New York. THE INSURRECTION LN THE TW(; 81011E4. NAPLES, Accu.r 24. A telegraphic despatch from General Viale, r e . ceivod at the ministry yesterday evening, seams to confirm the news already received, that after the surrender of an advance WAS made against the royal troop, sta. tinned at l'iale, who were driven away. By this movement, Garibaldi collected his forces, which had been isolated in the Corona camp and at Aspromonte. This Pisle is a plateau, close to which is the Alla Fiumara, and a little further off the fort of Scylla, commanding the Faro. The moment this position is occupied by the enemy the royal troop at Scylla are compelled to capitulate, because they are cut off from the army-corps at Catanzaro, or else they must let themselves be beaten. Master of the fort of Scylla, and being already in possession of Torre di Earn, Garibaldi commands the strait, and the citadel of Messina has no choice but to surrender. Garibaldi moreover has the ridge, along which he can march freely towards eaten. :aro, just as he can freely land whatever he wants hence. forth on the coast of Reggio. Garibaldi's small army-corps has the three Calabrias for the Geld of its operations, and can rally the inhabitants around its stamlani. The object of the corp. of Sapri is to act on the Basilicata, on Client°, Salerno, Campobasso, Avellino, and to lead them on to the conquest of the capital. Nothing is dope rashly. At Cosenza everything is reedy. The officials of Franck' 11. are mere passive spectators of what is doing there. The royal form, 4,000 strong, permits the revolution to de. velop itself peaceably. The province is directed by a cora• m:ttee, con.iiiting of the most influential and wealthy men of the kingdom—Mesas. Bavacco, Canipagna, Forginele, Morelli, their president, M. Quientire, who places his enti re fortune (eight millions of francs) at the service of the cause, and others. The Jesuits and the magistrates have left. The prefect and the commandant of the province shut their eyes to what is done. M. Mosemro leaves tomorrow, He had put off his departure for want of arms, and the armed revolution will break out at Lungro the day after his arrival. He is going to Paola, where:there are 4,000 royalists. Acct.'s. 25. The syreu, which arrived from Calabria at six o'clock last evening, ham brought news to the government that Tone de Cavallo has been taken, Acatone, Punta del Pim), &quint, and Scylla. The soldiers holding these positions bad embarked in the City of Lyons and the Tancred, and gone back t Naples. Garibaldi was master of the strait. The Minister of War immediately sent the Syren off again, to go and meet the steamers bringing back those thops, and show them their destination. In fact, ono of the eteamen has brought KA wounded to the Uranili here, and the other has brought 1,000 men to Caatellamare. At the same time the minister ordered the 7th, Bth, and 9th regiments of Chas , eurs to embark, and to leave Naples that evening. General Pianelli is to take the command of the troops in Calabria, and they are to be concentrated in the defiles of Campotenere, on the borders of the Calabria. and Basilicata, unless there should be counter-orders induced by the march of events. Between the court and the ministry the orders given clash and are contradictory. They nab to guard against everything and yet remain) inactive, foe their discouragement blinds their vision and paralyses all their efforts. They talked at court of the King's imminent depoture, or in any case of the young Queen',, for Carta. But it seems that some friends of the King have observed to him that as Garibaldi has now a powerful navy, and as the royal navy is not inclined to be very royalist, a refuge at Gaeta does not appear to be safe or impregnable, end that something else must fir thought of. It is mid that the French minister was summoned to court the same evening. The King gave a ready ear to what H. Breider had to say, but he does not always follow his advice. The battle of hale was extremely sanguinary. The Neapolitan soldiers displayed incredible bravery and tenacity. The Italians required all their ardour to dislodge ' them at the point of the bayonet, after having made several charges without success. The number of the killed is not known, or they are afraid to publish it. A few of the wounded and killed Italians have been named to me. I do not give their names, that I may not renew the alarm occasioned by the false reports of Bixio's death after the battle of Calatatlmi. Bad news soon spreads, sooner than good news ; there is no occasion to supply It with wings. Three or four hundred Garibaldian red blouses, hidden in a house, were seized here yesterday. The plan of defence provisionally adopted at the War. office is, I hear, to establish a solid force, by soucentrating the troops behind the line of the Calabrian mountains in the defile of Ltunpotenere, and lastly behind the course of the Garigliano. These plans might easily Le baffled by a " pro. nunciamiento" of Italianism on the part of the Neapolitan army, and some Italian sharp-sighted politicians &Hest to see it already in their mind's eye. The movement in the province of Basilicata is &seeming proportions greater every day. Potter& is about to become the centre of several provinces. Salerno and Client* hold their weapons in their hands, and are waiting for the tide to come up from Calabria. The Neapolitan government has given satisfaction to the Sardinian minister for the attack on the Bersaglieri in the streets of this city. It has paid 20,000 francs, which the Marquis of Villamarina has caused to be distributed to the families of the five civilians killed in the riot. The guilty are handed over to a court-martial. 3 o'clock—The following is the latest news, but not gua ranteed. The chiefs of the movement have ordered their agents, from Re=io to Castellamare, to supply the Gad baldians with provisions and bread, upon receiving bonds signed by their commissariat officers. Marshal Vigil' and General Desnget convoke the generals to protest against the order probably about to be given to them, to fight in the city and vicinity of Naples. The government wished to form an entrenched camp at the gates of the capital. Sala, Valle, and Campagua have ri..en in full insurrection. From Cosenza to Salerno there is not one soldier. General Cos. davella, at Ccwensa, and General Ghio, at Monteleone, are cut off by the Garibiddiaus. At Rogliano, near Comma, there is an entrenched camp of 12,000 insurgents; 300 insurgents are occupying the narrow puma of Campo• tenere. At Castro-Villari the gendarmes have laid down their arms. At Naples a committee has been appointed to collect money. Last night fifty deserters were sent to Avelbno. At Bovine, in the Capitanata, there is a reac tionary movement, and the national guard has been dia. armed. The divisions of V rale, Meleudez and Brigiudi e which took part in the battle of Piale, are destroyed, the men being partly in flight, partly wounded or killed, and partly having deserted. STATE EDUCATION IN FRANCE. —A placard emanating from the Prefecture of the Stine has been stuck up in all primary schools, forbiddiug the distribution se prizes to children of books not officially approved of ; else, the recital by them of discourses not communicated to the authorities, and the delivery of addresses by teachers, male or female, without previous permission. A FORTUNATE YouTH.—A remarkable instance of the fickleness of fortune has this week been brought milt our notice, and as the matter is one which will materially affect the future career of a young man --- a native of Cams bridge, we are induced togive publicity to the affair. The young man to whom we allude is now in his twentieth year, named James Moakley, whose father wee a gardener. It appears that for some years past the parents of young SualrJey had been in expectation of one day receiving pro perty of no inconsiderable amount, to which they considered themselves entitled, as the only legitimate descendants of a rich German family, and to obtain possession of which every effort has been made, and we learn that there is a likelihood of the property ultimately falling into the hands of is rightful owners. It consists of about 100,000 i. in money, besides landed estates of great value in Norfolk. The affair having been placed in chancery to await the discovery of the lawful owner, a communication was eventually made to James Moakley, then an apprentice to Mr. Bidwell. shoemaker, Silver-street, to the effect that there was a pro bability of his becoming heir to this immense fortune. A London solicitor took up the case on his behalf, he being the "next-of-kin," and the services of Sir Fitzroy Kelly were *retired, mid young /Moakley was furnished with means to go to London, where, we understand, the case was very ably argued, and a decision given in his favour ; and the case, we believe, only waits the eonipletion of some formal proceedings, after which our voung townsman will be de clared the lawful possessor. With such • prospect it wee natural the young man should lay down the last and apply his mind to intellectual pursuits, and, in furtherance of Uwe object, he has placed himself under the tutelage of a com petent schoolmaster, and it is said he will complete his edu cation stone of the colleges. lie is now diligently devoting hu thno to the advanteges which a good education w ill supply, m order that he may be the better fitted to the distinguished station of life which _prevaleatial circum stance,. have callol holeyendrut. . - A PROFESSIONAL POINT OF VIEW.—Tile follow ing is • verb•tim ropy of a letter received • few days at) by • solicitor in the county of Waterford from his clerk to another part of the same county :—" --I am eery happy to inform you that two murderous assaults were committed near 11 . .• wwu)u.t, , rdr) /Juin-, and that your a ttendance will be required here at the p e tty seesious to defend the parties in both cases. ' 1 i ~! 1 1 `~