The Express. — London, England, 1855-03-01 00:00:00

iMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. SOUSE OF 0024MONS—W1tetuDAY, Pia Is The grass= took the chair BUSINESS. at 12 o'elosk. PRIVATE SECOND READINGS. WESTMINSTER IMPROVEMENTS BILL. Oa the .oW for the second leading of this bill, • dis. imam MON flidgbabted by M. . Cranford, as to whether tM principle of a bill which wu only intended to assist an law: gnat esineera, ought to be sanctioned by the beau. BO7VERIE, sad some other hos. members, used flit the object of the Westminster Improvement Commis NOS MS MI *Make *great public benefit, sad that this bill um this ealtbass ef Its Dew relieved from i s des cu sad the sad shareholders obtainias any thieg from the masses. Mr. T. PARKER having moved that the bill be read Soma time dlnt d six mantis, Ts* bawl divided— Far the we:NW mains Against it 6-14 The bill was then read a second time. The Westminster Lead Company Bill was read a sewed time. PUBLIC BUSINESS. CASE OF CAPTAIN ALLEN. Mr. STAFFORD prvented a petition from Emma Allen, widow of Capt. Alto. of the transport vessel, Rip Vas Winkle, wrecked at Baleklava during the storm of 14th November lest, when all but three personsrished. She states thatch* has been informs' by William dwards, one ef the sareivon of the Hip Van Winkle, that her husband each time he arrived fr..m Varna with cargo, asked permission to ester the harbour of Beleklava, hat was refused permission by Captain Christie, R.N. That on the 10th of November his vessel having been injured by her Majesty's ship Itetri intim coming in motact with her, he again applied for ad missies, bat was again refused by Captain Christie. That as tbe:l4 th after dragging her anchors from her beteg in 40 fathom water she struck on the rocks, and in 15 Westin was dashed to pieces. She prays that this house will take her ONO into its merciful consideration, because had not her lueshaed been in the service of her Majesty's government, be never would have kept his vessel near so dangerous • coast • effith as warmest season. NOTICE OF MOTION. THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN ENGLAND. Mr. HEYWOOD—That on Thursday, the Bth of March, be should move for a *elect committee to inquire into the best means of effording to the nation a full and equal parti eipatieu is all the advantages which are not neeenerily of as effikeiastieal or spiritual character in the public schools and universities of England and Ireland, and of improving the educational system in these great seated learniog, with a view to enlarge their course of instruction, in conformity M the requirements of the public service. THE TEA DUTIES. Mr. WILSON gave notice that to-morrow he should move that the house do go into a committee of the whole beam, for the purpose of arresting the fall is the tea duties. The second reading of the Episcopal and Capitolar Es tates Bill was moved by the Marquis of BLANDFORD. who explained that the object of his measure was to promote the efficiency of the church of Borland. Mr. 11. LIDDELL contended that the measure would occasion a moot unwarrantable invasion upon the liberties and properties of the church. Mr. HEADLAM objeffird to the bill, because It give con trol over extensive clerical property to three of the Ecelesi aatiell Commissioners. Mr. INGHAM and Mr. LIDDILL also opposed the bill, which Mr. H. H defended. Sir B. HALL said he was requested by Sir George Grey to state the view, of the governor-rot with Tepid to this bill. At this moment the government were engaged Is filling up the still moat ones, end that must Newest for the absence of the leading members. If he understood the bill right, it proposed to take episcopal and capitular pro perty out of the hands which now bold it, and vest it in the Church Estate Commissioners. The bill differed from that proposed by the noble lord last year, in the provision which it made for returning a portion of toe property to the corpo rations. He did not think this an improvement on the bill of last year. (Hear, hear.) Of course, the change would be • very great one ea regarded the interests of the church, the object of the measure being to 41 the bea prov._e for t ma nogoment of the property. He believed that the past ma nagement of property by the Ecclesiastical Commissionen bad been anything but satisfactory ; he might refer as an instance to the property known as Acretown, in Marylebone, belonging to the Dcao and Chapter of St. Paul's, which until recently was in a moot disgraceful state. Owing to the short leases granted of church property, persons were deterred from putties first-clue buildings upon it. (Hear.) This wee an evil which ought to be remedied. He believed the principal opposition to the bill proceeded from the lease holders; but their iatetests would be sufficiently protected. Toe right hon. Secretary for the Hume department had de sired him to state that he was Buxom that the second read ing of the bill should paps, that he approved generally of its provisions, but abstained from offering any opinion as to the details. if the noble lord would postpone the committee es the bill until such time as the commissioners appointed le Inquire into capitolsr revenues had made another report. the right boo. baronet (S'.r G. Grey) would wish the hones to pass the second reading of the bill. (Hear, hear.) He hoped the noble lord would give that assurance, and that the hones would agree to this proposition. The Marquis of BLANDFORD, referring to the intima tion of Sir S. Hall, consented to postpone the committee on this bill, if it were then read a %mond time, to the 23:d of May next. Some further discussions took place, in the course of which Mr. T. Doscostha, Mr. COWPIIII, Mr. HEXLIST, Mr. Wtostan, Mr. R. PHILLIMOU, Lord R. Gaorrzxos, and ether members, briefly spoke. A division was then taken on a motion for adjourning the debate, and negatived by 102 vote, to 71-31. Ihe second reading of the bill was afterwards carried on another divi sioa by 102 to 66-46. The bill was then ordered to be com mitted on the 23rd of May. COMMONS TNCLOSURE BILL. This bill was roads third tune and passed. POOR LAW. Mr. BAINES moved that the following be the select com mittee epos poor removal : Mr. Baines, Sir John Trollops, Mr. Ingham, Mr. Liddell, Mr. Locke King, Mr. Dunlop, Lord Moho, Mr. Stirling, Mr. Archibald Hustle, Mr. Alex. Hestia, Mr. George Alexander Hamilton, Sir Robert Fer guson, Mr. John Ball, Mr. Maguire, and Mr. De Fen. On the motion of Mr. BAIN'S, the following Mums were ordered :—Pour-law medical damn ; eosin of gene ra order of the Poor-law Board, dated the 15th day of February, 1855, vegetating the tenure of office b poor-law medical ufficen in Eoglstol and Wales, and of t he MOW. pan, iog circular letter, addressed to the several beards of guardians. UNION OF BENEFICES. Mr. FREWEN obtained leave to bring in a bill to altar and amend two sets of her preeiat Majesty, so fuss relates M the anion of benelims, and fur the better amnia, the re sidual of the clergy, and also to promote the building of church,. aad chapels in certain eases. •ARMY BEFORE SEBASTOPOL. - - - Mr. BEN CINCH menJ that Sir 0. Tyler be substituted for Sir 0. C. Lewis upon this committee. He thought it woe sito,t desirable diatoms of the members of the senualttais, at least, should be a naval officer. Into naval affairs the maamittes would certaioly have to inquire, and it was there fore most desirable to have a gentleman upon it who would be able to understand the details of that service which mould come Rader emsiiirraiioo. He quite concurred la what Mid been said by the right haw " fllled the offices of First Lord of the y Mal Chan seller of the Exchequer, that great eastiom wee ssameal7 is the appointment of ibis committee. It might be said, why did he vote for it ? He did not hesitate to state in reply, that he looked upon the motion for tee committee a'iir tnally • question of confiders lathe late government. Captain SCOBELL akin ght it most desirable that • anal saw sloweld be • smombsr of this committee. It Mil ellesiably somseem is mess ef this kind, to have epos del i oommittoo Mae one lobs useborstood the smitten to be IM gained into. Lamps, NW& sot understand the Whisk's! I terms of naval onistees. way more than seamen meld under stand the aehsfeaWimof law. He had himself sat, but • short time dams, the emigration committee, upon which another saw had also sat, and he was quit* sure that the iamb= of that committee would admit that without tee seethed Moe upon it. it would have often be.. totally at sea. (Lambast.) Mr. ROEBUCK—Mine is a preliminary qualm is thh matter which the ham might to madder. Let us deed" uadentand the elressameasse osier which the eolllllolllll' was appointed. It woe appeioNd ceder as *grummet is. meets myself and the noble lard at the head of the go vernment. (Cries of "Time.") I must state the Siete; the house will draw the conelssiee. When I pat the names of the 'teatimes whom I intended to move as mina bins of this committee, I found I had made • mistake ; they did not meet the wishes or posses the timadinthe of the house. I therefore waited upon the noble lord at the head of the government, and made a propositioe to him. It was this ; that the government should °boom six of the members of the committee, and I should choose *even • and that these names should be stOimitted to the hous e for its decision. The noble lord entertained my pro position. To whom did I then go ? To the right hon. gentleman the member for Buckinghamshire (Mr. Disraeli), and, in conjunction with him, I named the seven members of the committee. Mama the ▪ eominated by the noble lord (Paltnenten) was Sir G. C. Lewis; he has ceased to be one of the committee; hem* it is that acting upon the understanding which existed ht. twin ' the noble lord, the right hoe. gentleman oppoeite, end myself, I feel morel( bound to give the government the same opportunity is select a member of, and to preserve the same balance is m the emamittee as it less agreal in the first inehenee they Metal have. (Hear, bear.) It is only fair that the aesivate* entered into upon both sides of the beam dwell be aMsd apse. Upon that ground alone do I oppose the want iambs& I mushily do not do so with say desire le east men upon the MM. a • du epee the hon. member whom maim km beta propose& Let me address myself to the eiti t argasosst which has been eutl, thins MI be naval sable& w, the samamittee le set going to Ades amid WOW. It to gaily ohm dothe• whisk say man sisoMMlel elms mold oalimites& 11 has. member has sell Ilbst Me orwilditee eu.• is ham • maul °Wu to assist li . bo seder- Similes Ravel Woos sad that without such ell matters be usistelllghis Hew do, is courts of law, jadtes end beim beide apse mattors'of art and of seines mesas of elesible whammies. So we in the committee shalL Nd salimilleedlmeess, est town their evideaso we shill* 'sable& to term au opiates. It happens that there me two gallaatmllitsry aeons on the oommittee ; hut they were net chases as eflospe, bat es members of this hews cot patent tajadp as edmr members of the WOMB wbilis would bebronght khan them. I h upa these gresmda t ask de eirieg that das aglompmalat lemasKy made *be honestly carried out, that I resist thie mole.. (Rear.) Mr. DEEDES felt some dlesslfy with teapot to this question. He bad so desire to prevent the erreapment to which the boa. and learned member (Mr. Roebuck) bad referred being carried out ; at the Name time he thought it most desirable that a naval officer should be upon the committee. Of the two objects, he felt himself hound spar the whole to regard the latter as 0 the greater important*, and he should therefore support the motion. it 0. PECHELL also supported the motion, considering it ~ads to the due efficiency of the committee that a naval akar should be upon it. The house divided : For the motion 74 Against B7-13 Mr. ROEBUCK then proposed that Sir J Hamner be substituted is lieu of Biz G. C. Lewis is the Army before Sebastopol Committee. Lord ROTHAbi rose to oppose the motion, when The SPEAKER interposed, and said at that hour (10 minutes to six o'clock) no matter, unless unopposed, could be proceeded with. Colonel DUNNE pee notice, that when the subject was again before the house he should propose that Admiral Walcott be appointed, in lien of Sir G. C. Lewis. Tee remaining business upon the paper was disposed of, and the house adjourned at five minutes to six o'clock. THE EXPRESS. THURSDAY EVENING, MARCH 1, 1855. THE NEW RETURN OF NEWSPAPER STAMPS. The return of newspaper stamp jut Weed gives he following results: First Quarter. Seeond Quarter. Deily News . 319,191 348,044 Morning Herald . 303,000 299,000 Morning Post . . 206,000 226,000 Morning Chronicle . 162,600 186,600 Express . . 177,133 198,389 Globe . . . 176,000 196,000 Sun . . . . 108,000 192,000 Standard . . . 103,000 104,000 for the Government expenses of Victoria in the year 1835, and in them we find the publics works—includ ing permanent council chambers and " new public offioss"—pnt down for no lease sum than 1,380,0001. For the farther expense of buildings new post-office, 12,0001. is appropriated; towards the erection of a custom-house, 18,0001.; and for quarters, offices, and stables at the gold-fields, 50,0001. We have been accustomed to grumble at the yearly ex pense of our houses of parliament, and of royal stables; but the good people of Victoria have two or three parliament houses building at once, and stables to which, considering the respective means of the countries, those at Pimlico and Windsor are of trifling cast. With a revenue last year short by nearly one-third—the total expenditure having amounted to 3,564,0001., and the total revenue to 2,479,0001., leaving • deficiency of 1,085,0001.—the Government of Victoria proposes to expend this year 1,360,0001. on public works alone, from taxes amount ing to upwards of 4/. a head, which is unparalleled in the annals of royal extravagance in France, or of oppression in Hindostan. The Government of Victoria is as generous to others or itself as it is unjust to the people ; or rather its pro fusion knows no bounds. It proposes to grant 155,0001. for education ; 26,0001. for sanitary purposes ; 7,8001. for ecclesiastical purposes; 12,6001. for scientiflo purposes; and under the convenient head of miscellaneous—including 49,0001. for the Govern ment printer—it asks for 74,0001. One inch item, however, doe* not suffice for the insatiable financiers of Melbourne; and,under asecond head of miscellaneous, 643,0001. more is demanded, including no less than 44000/. tamest interest on loans on aooount of revenue. Enormous as was the expenditure of Victoria in 1854 more than 1,000,0001. above its revenue, the excess being more than equal to a tax of 31. a head on every living soul in the colony—the Government proposes to expend in 1855 no less than 4,801,2921., or nearly 1,300,0001. more than in 1854. Appropriating to its use a part of the land fund,destined to carry immigrants lint* the colony, it cannot make out a revenue for the year within 1,000,0001. of the expenditure; and the Government proposes to exceed its expenditure by nearly one-fourth. In the most reckless and profligate period of our great war, we never had an expendi ture equal to that of Victoria, in proportion to our population and wealth. In that time of exigency, it was on one occasion thought excusable to exceed our revenue by a sum more than equal to one-half of it; but in Victoria the expenditure is for a season of peace, and will cause, if continued, a greater expen diture next year. At home we are supposed to be the heaviest-taxed people on the earth; bat our colonists in Victoria have a pecuniary burden to bear more than four times as great as ours. The natural consequences of this financial mis- management are beginning to show themselves. The Government proposes new taxes which promise still further to cripple the trade of Victoria, and they are already exciting discontent and opposition. To keep up its resources it must levy the license tax for the ' diggers with the utmost severity. Mr. LATROBE was compelled to wink at some deviations from his 'exacting rules ; the present Government must enforce them. Not merely discontent and opposition, but collision, is the consequence ; and the latest accounts from Melbourne leave that colony, we regret to s .y, in an alarming condition of riot and disorder. The diggers and the Government are in conflict, and all the military—including sailors and marines from a ship of war—at the Governor's disposal have been marched off to the diggings. There is at once, we think, an end to any chance of retrieving the bank ruptcy that .followed from the overtrading with Melbourne. We have been accustomed to hear the recklessness of unprincipled adventurers unsparingly condemned; but, if we do not judge erroneously, they never did half u much mischief u the sober, steady, legisla tors and governors of Victoria have done. We ex pected that they should have been warned by the evils caused by crowds of unscrupulous speculators who have preyed on the wealth of the gold digger., encouraged them in profligacy, and converted the colony that promised to be the labourer's Paradise into the labourer's Pan demonium. But the Government on wkich the people were taught to rely for sage counsel—for example and protection even against themselves— have augmented all the evils of wild speculation by an expenditure unequalled in the world. It hu be come accordingly the parent of extravagance, conten tion, and disorder. It is not at home and in the Crimea only, then, that our system is breaking down ; it is breaking down in Australia. There were great disasters at Ban Francisco after the rush to California; great fires, great disorder., and some murders ; but there was never such reckless extravagance and each a conflict between the authorities and the people as are ensuing in Victoria. We were told that the great advantage of the English gold colonies was their settled government, which provided for the hurried immigration, and pre vented disorder. But the settled government and even the constitutional Government turns out to be a failure. The deliberative Assembly has sanctioned all the expenditure of the Government : it had even sanctioned, it is said, a greater expenditure than the Government had incurred ; adding another to the many examples already on record, that paper consti tutions are of far less importance than the spirit of 1 the people for whom they are made. Constitutional Government has collapsed in Victoria, from the people there having indulged in an exaggerated degree the vice of wasting the public money, and regulating society by minute measures, which they carried' from Europe. The faults, the terrible faults, committed by the Executive Government and the Legislative Council in Victoria are only exaggerations of the faults committed by our Executive and our Parliament.—Daily News. WITH LIMITED LIABI LITY. MR. CARDWELL has intimated, that if the new Government will not take up his Bill for the Amend ment of the Law of Partnership, he will endea vour to carry it through himself. O■ a recent occasion, we reviewed the several objections urged by those who are opposed to the admission into oar commercial system of the principle of limited liability, we exposed the fallacies or assumptions oa which they are founded, and demonstrated their insufficiency. Having in this manner disposed of the negative, we now turn to the affirmative of the proposition; and we purpose stating, in part at least, the reasons which have satisfied us that partnerships with limited liability may not only be safely intro- duced, but are even required for the emancipation of the productive classes from the bondage of capital in this country. Subject to certain modifications which the exigen cies of commercial affairs have necessitated—those exceptions being themselves evidence of the inex pediency and obstructiveness of the old system—the general law of England is, that each pertner,whether dormant or avowed, should be subject to an unlimited liability for the sots of his co-partner in the business, and for the obligations of the firm. The effect of this law has been practically to give a monopoly to capital, to restrict in a great degree legitimate enter.' 'clic court. The Queen held a Court and Privy Council at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon at Buckingham-palace. At the Court General De la Wermora, Commander in Chief of the Sardinian Contingent with the Allied Armies, was presented to her Majesty, at an audience, by the Earl of Clarendon, K.G., the Queen'. principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and conducted by Major -G 1 the Hon. Sir Edward Cwt, K.C.H., her Majesty's Muter of the Ceremoniee. The General was accompaaied by the Marquis d'Aseglio, Sudinian Minister. The Right Hon. William E. Gladstone bad an audience, ' and delivered to her Majesty the seal of Chancellor of the ' Ertehequer. Sir James Graham had an salience, on resigning office as First Lord of the Admiralty. The Right Hon. Sidney Herbert had an audience, and delivered to the Queen the seals of office of one of her Majes ty's principal Secretaries of State. Mr. Richard Graves Macdonnell, C. 8., Governor in Chief of South Australia, was presented to the Queen by Sir George Grey, one of her Mijesty's principal Secretaries of State, when her Majesty was graciously pleased to confer the honour of knighthood upon him. The Privy Council was attended by Prince Albert, Earl Granville, Duke of Argyll, Marquis of Lausdowne,Viscount Palaterstos, Sir George Grey, Earl of Clarendon, Lord Pan mare, the Right Hon. R. Vernon Smith, Earl of Carlisle, Sir Charles Wood, Sir William Molesworth, Viscount Can ning, Earl Spencer, Duke of Wellington, the Marquis of Abercoro, and Lord Ernest Bruce (..fllciating for the Lord Chamberlain). Her Majesty in Council was pleased to &elm the Right Hon. George Earl of Cariisls, K. 0., Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. Sir George Cornwall Lewis, Bart., was by command of the Queen sworn of her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, and the Seal of Chancellor of the Eachequer was by the Queen delivered to the Right Hon. Baronet. Her Majesty having been pleased to appoint the Right Hon. Montagu Earl of Abingdon to be Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire, his lordship took the customary oath. By command of the Queen a proclamation was ordered to be issued appointing Wednesday, the 21st instant, to be observed as a day of fast and humiliation. An amended warrant was sanctioned at the Council appointing Mr. Charles John Tottenham, M.l'., instead of Mr. Charles Ponsonby Tottenham, M.P., to be sheriff for Merionethshire for the present year. The Hon. William Bathurst was the clerk of the Council in waiting. Sir t bathe Wood had an audience of her Majesty, and kissed hands on being appointed First Lord of the Admiralty. The Right Hon. R. Vernon Smith had an audience of the Queen, and kissed hands in being appointed President lOf the Be ard of Control for the Affairs of India. The Queen gave audiences to Viscount Palmerton, Earl Granville, and Lord Panmure. Her Majesty was attended by the Earl of Mulgrave, Trea surer of the Household ; Ldrd Seaton, Gold Stick in Wait lug ; Earl Somers, Lord in Waiting ; and Colonel the Hon. A. N. Hood, Groom in Waiting. Prince Albert presided yesterday morning at a meeting of the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851. His Royal Highness arrived at the New Palace at Westminster at 11 o'clock, attended by Captain the Hon. D. de Rue. Present—Earl Granville, Lord Stanley of Alderley, Lord Overdone, the Right on. W. E. Gladstone, M.P., the Right Hon. B. Disraeli, M.P., Sir Alexander Spearman, Bart., Sir Charles Barry, Sir William Cubitt, Sir Charles Eastlake, Sir Richard Viesunacott, Mr. Coulson, Q.C., Mr. C. W. Dilte, and Mr. W. J. Hamilton (President of the Geological gociety). Mr. Edgar Bowring, Secretary to the Royal Commission, was in attendance. Mr. H. Cole, C 8., and Mr. Redgrave, R A., were also present. The meeting broke up at two o'clock. The queen had a dinner party in the evening. The coin patty included the Duke of Argyll, the Duke and Dachas of Wellington, the Turkish Minister and Madame Musunts, the Prussian Minister and Countess Bernstorff, Lord and Lady Seymour, Lord George Lennox, Lord and Lady Ernest Bruce, the Right lion. Sir George Grey,the Right Hon. Sir John and Lady Young, Rear-Admiral Chad', and Mor-General Cstor. Earl Somers and Colonel the Hon. A. N. Hood have re lieved Lord de Table, and Mr. F. Cavendish as the Lord and Groom in Waiting to her Majesty. HUMILIATION AND PRAYER. (From hut night's Supplement to the Gasette.) - - By the Queen.—A Proclamation for a Day of Solemn Fast, Humiliation, and Prayer. Victoria H.—We, taking into our most merlons consi deration the just and necessary war in which we are en gaged, and putting our trust in Almighty God that He will graciously bless our arms both by sea and land, have resolved, and do, by and with the advice of our Privy Council, hereby command, that a public day of solemn fast, humiliation, and prayer be observed throughout those parts of our United Kingdom called England and Ireland, on Wednesday, the 21st day of March nest, that so both we and our people may humble ourselves before Almighty God, in order to obtain pardon of our sins, and in the most devout and solemn manner send up our prayers and suppli cations to the Divine Mtiesty, for imploring His blessing and assistance on our arms for the restoration of peace to es and our dominions : And we do strictly charge and command that the said day be reverently and devoutly observed by all our loving subjects in England and Ireland, as they tender the favour of Almighty God, and ;would avoid his wrath and indignation: And, for the better and more orderly solemnising the same, we have gives directions to the meat reverend the archbishops,and the right reverend the bishops of Boglend and Ireland, to compote a form of prayer suit able to this occasion, to be used in all churches, chapels, and places of public worship, and to take care the same be timely dispersed throughout their respective dioceses,— Given at our court at Buckingham Palace this twenty• eighth day of February, in the year of our lord one thou sand eight hundred end fifty-five, and in the eighteenth year of our reign. Got save the Queen. (Fran last dihtY Supylootekt to thr Gessis.) At the Court at Buckingham Palace, the 28th day day of February , 1855 ; present, the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty in Council.—Triv day the Right lion. Sir George Cornewall Lewis, Bart., was, by her Majesty's command, sworn of her Majesty's most honourable Privy Council, and took his place at the board accordingly.—Her Majesty in Council was this day pleased to declare the Right Hon. George William Frederick, Earl of Carlisle, Knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter, Lieutenant• General and General Governor of that part of the United Kingdom called Ireland. COMMITTIIS OP COUNCIL ON EDUCATION.-AB order is Council published in list night's Gazette appoints the Lord President of the Council for the time being, the Duke of Argyll, the Marquis of Lansdowne, Lord John Russell, Viscount Palmerston, Viscount Canning, Sir Geo. Grey, sad Sir thyme Cornwall Lewis, to be a committee of council to superintend the application of any nuas of money voted by parliament for the purpose of promoting public education. • Mr. Speaker will hold his lams, at 89, Eaton 'guars, at 10 o'clock p.m., on the evenings of Saturday, the 10th Much, sad Saturday, the 17th of Much, 18.55. COUNTY COURT JUDGRS.—The Lord Chancellor has just made an order altering the circuit of some of the county court judges. Mr. Bornay has been removed from Circuit 34 to Circuit 20, held by the late Mr. Hild- I yard •, Mr. Cooke, of Circuit 11, at Bradford, has beau ap pointed to Circuit 34 ; and Mr. Lonsdals, the last appointed judge, is to take the circuit held by Mr. Cooke. THE EMPRESS EUGENIE'S VISIT TO THE CAllift4l A letter from Paris states that M. Oily, a steward of the Tuileries, specially attached to the service of the Empress, has left for Constantinople, in order to prepare suitable apartments for her Imperial Majesty in one of the summer residences of the Sultan upon the Bosphorus. The ladies of honour who accompany her have been ordered, it is said, to include their ball dresser in their wardrobe, the inferable beim, that the Turkish capital is net the only owe which is to be visited. PRUSSIAN CONDITIONS.—Lettsre in the indlpned. axe' Beige state that ld. Utedors, when is Loudon, pre- I posed seaditions for the special treaty with Prairie, width were deemed altogether Inadmissible. Two of they were, that the pump of a foreign army through Germany should not be &mimeo& ; and seconaly, that France should gas- , nodes to ?rondo the peerearion of the territory of the Dasby of Posen, sad abstain from carrying the war into the Polish territory. gite erpreoo. TO CORRESPONDENTS. desitimosate blended kr "The Emma," Leaden Evening paper, assot be Mao OMee, 19, &untie-street, by Two tVeiook on ties dog of Islamise. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tam DAT—Mani., Oh. 32m . 4flentoon. lb. Ina. 11).amasow—limm/sg, lb. 38m Miasma, lb. 38m. LONDON, THURSDAY, MARCH 1. LATEST NEWS FROM ABROAD [BY CONTIRIXTAL VILLIGLA2P.] PAMS, TIIIIRSDAL The iloniteur of to-day contains the following, "EIIPATORIA, FBI. 21. " Since the 17th inst. no further attack has been made by the Russians. " The defences of the town are in very good order. " The Russian army has withdrawn with its ar tillery in the direction of Simpheropol." TRIESTE, WZDNZSDAT. Baron Bruck is expected here to-day. Intelligence has been received from Constantinople which states that serious disturbances have taken place at Aleppo. The English camp before Sebastopol has been partly evacuated, and the troops have withdrawn towards Balaklava. By the Overland Mail we receive news from Australia. The disturbances in the gold-fields assume a serious aspect. In Melboume martial law has been declared. An English cavalry regiment from Bombay his arrived at Cairo on its way to the Crimea. The Moniteur of yesterday contains the following despatch : " CONSTANTINOPLE, Fan. 19. "General Niel leaves this place to-morrow, on his return to the Crimea. "The Asmodee, Aigle, Ulloa, and several mer chant steamers, arrived yesterday and the day before with troops on board, from Africa or France. 1 "The Prince Jer6me, having the Hercule in tow, has been sighted off the heights of Matapan, when she was making good way. "M. de Koller arrived yesterday, and M. de Bruck embarks to-day for Trieste. "The situation of our army was excellent as late u the day before yesterday."—Daily News. COPENHAGEN, FEB. 28. To-day, the Landsthing passed on the third read ing the bill for effecting an alteration in the funda mental law. The Finance Minister brought in a bill for an ex tension of the English railroad to Jutland.—Daily Nom NEW ZEALAND. (MOM T 3 DINT 07 TIN DAILY NEWS.) PLYMOUTH, WEDNILIDAT. The Sabrina, barque, which left Auckland October 29, arrived off this port to-day, bound for London. She brings a cargo of spars, gum, and wool, and several thousand sovereigns from the Union Bank at Auckland. The colony continues to make satisfactory progress. Artisans of every trade are in great request, es also domestic servants. Several extensive purchases of land have been made, at 10s. per acre, by parties leaving Port Phillip foe that purpose. Provisions were very dear, and wages high. EXTRAVAGANT EXPENDITURE IN OUR GOLD COLONIES. Tax phrase, "as the old birds sung so the young ones chirp," expresses proverbially and emphatically the resemblance which continues from generation to generation amongst men as well as birds. Family likenesses are found in morals as in physic,. Oar cousins across the Atlantic have carried with them our corruption as well as our energy; and, if their ships excel ours, their office-holders are at once more rapacious, more numerous, more thoroughly party men than ours, and do less, it is said, for their money than the least efficient of the members of our own Civil Service. Extravagance has ruined successively almost every state in Europe, bringing on bankrupt cies and convulsions. This terrible vice or habit he. buss snesseedilly carried to the other hemisphere,' eael Is Ifielseta and other Australian colonies news likely to surpass in its effects the worst extravagance of Europe. Some of our latest accounts from the Pacific inform us that the police establishments of Victoria cost 48,3621. per annum, or a tax for police alone of something more than 31. per head for every man, woman, and child in the colony. The gaols of the colony coat 65,0311., or more than 3a. 6d. per bead; and, besides this, the penal establishments, stockades, and hulks, as they are called, cost, in cluding the coroners (the charge for whom was 10,8081.),189,4001. ; the military, too, puts the colony to an expense of 142,0951. ; making the charges for the magistracy and its operations, and the military and its services, amount to 433,1831., for a colony that is not supposed yet to possess more than 300,000 persons. These sums together make the rate of taxation for the ordinary duties of police and defence, in a time of peace and prosperity, about 11. 10s. per bead for every person in the colony. We do not care to state the matter by pennies and far things, because the population is an uncertain num ber, but our round statement is within bounds; and if we bad nothing further to state, we have already said enough to show that the worst extrava gance of the BOURBONS before the Revolution is sur pepped by the sober English oa the shores of the Pacific. The °harps we bays oopied are from the estimates' prise, whilst it has afforded no protection against rash or fraudulent undertakings. " If, by ad- witting the principle of limited liability" (says the report of the Law Amendment Society), " freedom from responsibility could be insured in ordinary coin- mercial undertakings, enterprise of a healthy charac ter, inasmuch as it would be based upon sufficient capital, would be fostered. The present state of the commercial law does not p t the occurrence of a vast amount of fraudulent and rash speculation, lead ing to bankruptcy and insolvency, and therefore only restrains individual enterprise without effecting the good which is alleged as the justification of the restraint." That the existing law secures a monopoly to capital, by excluding competition, may, we think, be conclusively established. Take the case of the great brewers of the metropolis, of our ship builders, ironmasters, copper smelters, of the workers of mines and collieries, and the monopoly of capital, with its baneful consequences upon the consumer, will be at once perceived. It is only capitalists of large resources that can successfully carry OR those trades; they are necessarily few, and the absence of competition gives them a power to command prices. The profits, therefore, go to en rich the fortunate few, whilst the equally deserving many, whose united contributions would otherwise secure for them a participation in those profits—thus equalising wealth, and benefiting the public by lower prices—are excluded altogether by the operation of the existing law. Thus it is evident that capital has a monopoly. It is true that, in the case of mines and collieries, a system, first adopted in Cornwall— which endeavours, as far as may be, to avoid the inconveniences resulting from our law of partnership —bas been largely resorted to, and our courts, especially those of equity, have extended to it some encouragement. These attempts, however, and the favour they have received from the administrative, are evidence of the impolicy of the present law, and consequently of the necessity which presses for its modification. Not leas condemnatory of the existing law, as per nicious in principle and obstructive in practice, is the case of those who benefit the world by discoveries in the arts and sciences. It is not every Warr that finds a BOULTON. Nor is it going too far to assert that many an invention which would have rewarded in a competent manner the genius and labour of its discoverer, and have enriched those who contributed their small fonds to mature it or make it known, has been lost to the world, to the equal injury of the individual and the State, owing to the apprehensions entertained of the con sequences of failure under the law of partnership las it at present stands. That the proposed change will entail no real hardship or injustice upon creditors, we showed in a former article. It will no doubt be an object of the new law to define the resources of all partnerships which may be formed under its sanction; and it will treat the means of information thus afforded as a sufficient notice of their responsi bility to any parties who may deal with them. The effect of this will be to make creditors more cautious and circumspect, and less obnoxious to the censure justly cast upon them by an able writer, who com plains of " the indolence, the carelessness, the positive dishonesty, with which parties (under the existing law of partnership) are too apt to enter into contracts with companies when they know that every individual member is liable to his uttermost farthing." That there is no natural right or principle of justice opposed to the formation of partnerships with limited liability, where the law provides information as to their nature, object, and means, has never been controverted. Amongst others who affirm the expe diency of the contemplated change, we have the opinion of Mr. BRAMWELL, one of the soundest authorities. He states that it is not expedient "to prohibit by law persons from entering into partner ship, and to prohibit them and others from dealing together, on the terms that the liability of one or more or all of the partners should be limited." But aftmall, perhaps, the strongest condemnation of the existing law is the fact that it has been found necessary to exclude from its operation certain com mercial undertakings, by the special intervention of the crown, or by the operation of a private law. By royal charter, by special letters patent, and by act of parliament, the liability of partners may now be limited. Thus privileged, an enormous amount of capital has been securely invested and profitably employed. The opponents of the proposed change have never pretended that any injustice has resulted to creditors from such exemption. This being so, its advocates may reasonably argue that, as cre ditors are not damnified, and as a large number of small contributors may be admitted to share the benefits resulting from such partnerships, and thus the more equal diffusion of wealth be promoted, it is not only safe but desirable that the principle should be extended, under similar conditions, to every branch of productive enterprise; for to persons of limited fortunes, a royal charter and an act of parliament are equally unattainable. Having shown the evils resulting from the pre sent law, we might (and it would appear the natural course) proceed to show the benefits flowing in other countries from partnerships with limited liability, We might point to France, Austria, Prussia, and America, where the system has been long tried and found to work most beneficially. We might instance the manufacturing towns of Mulhausen, in France, and Lowell, in America, which have been called into existence, and have grown into importance, by capital furnished in this manner. But oar limits compel us to elect between this and another branch of the sub ject; we therefore turn to consider for a moment the social bearings of this great question. We have incidentally treated one branch of it above, when insisting upon the advantages which the general body of small capitalists would derive if they could with safety unite their contributions in commercial and other undertakings. But there is another section of the community to be considered. Let any one take a survey of the country, and he will everywhere find "working men" of energy, probity, ability, and ex perience, well qualified to carry on successfully various branches of trade or commerce with which they are familiar, and who would do so, to the benefit equally of themselves and their supporters, if they oould procure capital. The penalties of the law of partner. ship deter those who have the means from associating themselves with such men, to the detriment of all parties. The philosophy of this part of the question has been well stated by Mr. MILL. He says:— " What the working classes feel, is not so much the inequality of property, considered in itself, as the inequality consequent upon it which exists now, namely, that those who already have property have so much greater facilities for getting more than those who have it not have for acquiring it." This alone is a strong argument for the change we have here advocated, and which, we have little doubt, the wis dom of Parliament will shortly accomplish.—Daily Nam CRYSTAL PALACE, FEB. 28.—SHILLING DAY, Admission at the doors, 429 ; autistic& by season tickets, 128; total, 666. DIAN AND WOOLNIER Fortyrrs.—Yesterday 4 go• vestment bill was printed to authorise the letting paste of the royal forests of Dean sad Wooliner, and certain ether parts of the hereditary pagodas of the mows. The power to be granted may be exeralesal by the eamaissitom et ether sear to whom the aisseginist of the males may be melipted. Several seta are est forth of royal per maw to which the power of kodag Is to be Mended. THE WAR. A letter from Bucharest, of the 6th, in the pa n nays: A sensation curious affair has occurred her*, and has created so Fear persons wearing masks, but whose apply, sate inaicated that they belonged to the hisher ai m& waited two days age os Mr. Colquhoun, the English ocik'. sal. Oa being introduced to his office they on o t,, dosed the door. Ile et first th oug h t t h ey were 444-i4 maskers ; but they produced a number of papers and pro. seated them to him. Amongst them there was a complow , drawn up in strong terms, against the adatinistratin of , Prince Barbey. Mr. C3lqui.oun begged of them to N i s of their make, but they ref u s e d. Wh en they left be 4. amined the papers and found that they contained some 4 , 7 curious details. _ The Danube of Vienna says :—" It is affirmed here to well-informed quarters that the instructions of the Pon e for the intended conferences are of a very pacific character The Porte demand. a war indemnity of 600 minima of piastres (about 125 :millions of francs), and renouttere idea of en augmentation of territory. As to the gn el y ee of the guarantees, she haves the appreciation of them tattl e , ' A letter from St. Petersburg, 17th, in the Conti, tutionnel, save : The Grans-Duke Constantine has lately paid eeleril visits to Cronstadt, where military works are in coon, of execution, and several new batteries being congruent. The Czar himself has also made several excursions there, is order to satisfy himself that the armament of the forts to and round St. Petersburg is being proceeded with. Those forts are those of Peter-Paul and Schlipselbourg, to the welt of St. Petersburg, and lambourg and Norgorod. Nothing has been neglected on the side of Austria, between Volhynia and Gallicia, in order to compl ete the neceisary preparations. Among other works going anis the arming of the fortress of blichalogrod, and the grimed which will probably serve aa the theatre of war boa been carefully yed and fortified with earth works. For thie purpose, all the militia between Mobile* and Witepak bar been provided with shovels and pickaxes, and set to work the ground in those districts being clear a n d open. Thernoi important fact, however, which I have to communicate, is the decision came to that for the future the naval fora of the country is not to be increased by new sallies vessels, bat by steamers only. In order to realise this measure, the Czar has ordered the organisation of two new corps of sailors, constituted in a military manner, a!thongh they are to be composed of civil engineers and workmen intended for the service of steam engines. The eff.ctive strength of these corps is not yet fixed, as that cir:umstance will be rep. lated according to the number of steam vessels; but teem formation, as well as their organisation, h as b een already approved the Czar. One division of th ese men is to be sent to the Black Sea, and the o:her to the Baltic; and the whole wilt be under the orders of the Minister of the Nadu, the Grand Duke Constantine. Our correspondents have lately mentioned that new and very heavy requisitions had been laid on Poland in consequence of the war. A letter from Berlin, ie the Constituttonel, gives the following details on the subject : It may be remembered that since the cammencement of the war the Russian government hes ordered the landed proprietors in Poland to supply considerable quantifier of corn, meat, and other articles necessary for the support etas troops stationed in that kingdum. These alts have be en repeated three different times, and in certain didriets of tha country all articles of consumption have been literally hunted. Notwithstanding this state of things, there is said, been just transmitted Irons St. Peterahuig lath s Governor-General, Cawat Rudiger, a fresh requisitioe, ing on the Polish landowners for further sappliet, times more considerable than the former ones. A forced tom nu also been ordered of 15 silver roubles a head (or all the population of the kingdom. This news bas produced a painful sensation among all classed of society in the coseby. RUSSIAN PREPARATIONS IN THE BALTIC. Letters from Riga and Revel of the 19th ult. sped of extraordinary preparations in Finland for the Tic. Walling of large masses of Russian troops. Abo, Sweaborg, Helm n gfors, and the other towns which may Dave to submit to a siege by sea or land are to receive provisions also for 18 months; the clutracto,s ea. gaging to deliver the various articles by the 10th instant. General Geroffski has been charged with the erg* nisation of the regiments of Baskin. The Grand Duke Constantine, Admiral of the Fleet, has been actively engaged during the last few weeks in tours of inspection to the various maritime military establishments, in order to assure hieneelf personally of their actual state. A grand inspection was to be made by him on the Ist, of the Tarim a* rine battalions of the flotillas organised last yearfor the defence of the aides of the Gulfs of Bothnia and Finland. PIEDMONT. In its sitting of the 23rd, the Chamber of Deputies at Turin having resumed the debate on the Convents Suppression Bill, rejected the amendment of M. Ito. becchi, tending to the total suppression of all con• vents, an amendment which bad been opposed by the President of the Council, the Minister of Justice, and the reporter of the committee, on the ground that the bill went far enough u it stood. The dis cussion of the articles was to be continued in the following sitting. SWIITZERLAND. The canton of Geneva, by the vote of its Grand Council, has resolved on a complete separation of church and state, and its committee is preparing s bill under which the ecclesiastical property belong. log to the protestant church is to be dibtribated I lamong the protestant communes, except that which has been applied to the establish ment of the Bank of Geneva and the Mortgage Bank. The most active supporters of this measure have been the catholic', I I whose numbers have of late years greatly increasedia the canton, thanks to the new laws favouring iman• gration and settlement. TRIAL OF AIDLLE. DOUDET. PARIS, MONDAT. At the Bitting of the court to-day, when the laughter occasioned by the precipitate retreat of the one terfeit advocates had subsided—.A man named Riffaut, a maker of medical and surgill apparatus to a sisaison de &anti in the Rue de Louden, who had not appeared when called on Saturday, came forwud and depcsed to having examined the little Mandens to es certain if they were addicted to the pract:ces attributed to them by the prisoner. The witness received a very severe reprimand from the President for having presumed, withoilt being a medical man, to offend the modesty of the children in question, without having any cuthority for doing 0, beyond the consent of the prisoner. The witness, in answer to questions addressed to him, admitted that though he hid two children of his own, be had never been married, and that the woman who kept the +liaison de aerate to which hi was attached gave sittings of somnambulism. Dr. Marsden was again Galled forward, and, in answer te questions from the President, deposed that, from the 15th June, 1852, to the month of April, 1853, he bad paid the prisoner 10,000 fr. for the board, lodging, and educaties of his children ; there was likewise en additional sum d 1,500 fr. sent for her to Id. Ladino's bank, where it still remained, in consequence of the present trial coming el. The President then read the written testimony of Mn. Marsden, aged 32, who was married to Dr. Marsden inlBsl. It stated that the writer had received the confidence of little Lucy Marsden up to the day of her death. The declanticel of the poor child as to the cruel treatment of Mdlle. Doudet had never varied, and were repeated with her lest breath. Id. Chaix.d'Est Ange then addressed the court for de petrel* eiode (Dr. Marsden). The learned gentleman exa mined at great length all the circumstances of the case, and argued that, even in taking the most favourable view of it, the prisoner had given way to passion, and whilst in that state had so injured two children as to cause their death. , M. Nogent Bt . Laurens then spoke for the defence, log dwelt on the excellent testimonial, which his client dad received from persons of the very highest considersUolh commencing by the Queen of England, who had given her the following certificate :—" I consider Mdlle. Celestas Doudet an excellent persop, of a mild dispoeitioei# aimable character ; but her education has been toe goad 01 her situation of wardrobe woman with me, and I Musk that that of governess would suit her better. I look on her as a person of the greatest probity, and worthy confidence. Buckingham Palace, Bth April, 1842 — Victoria." Mdlle. Dondet next entered the family of the Marquis of Hastings, and afterwards that of Mrs. Schwab . , and everywhere she was most highly thought of. Was it likely, he would ask, that a woman who bad been for oo many years highly approved of as an undeniable teacher, and a good amiable person, could all at once become e monster, such as it was now attempted to make her oat? The learned gentlemen argued that the only possible n . lO ll of explaining the whole of the present case was to tither, as he firmly did, that the little Meriden, wen stained with the vicious habits spoken of. Then everything 50e 1206 clear, and his client's conduct consistent and justifiable. The kitten of the children in kis opinion carried with theta intrinsic evidenee of their having emanated from 1 11 children themselves; and every one of them spoke atfa i tionatsly of Mdlle . Doudet. Be believed the whole ass t have had its origin in calumny and pinion, and he felt c . o ll ' viand that the jury, taking that view of the queshoe, would, in their justice and calm reason, acquit his dint' The ease was then adjourned. VISIT OF TEI EMPEROR OP TOE PUNCH To Bouwasa.—The &openly left Paris at one o'closk 7II* day Maroon by the Boulogne railroad on a visit to lb imp in the environs of that town. Nis Beisol7 will te absent, It is said, two or three dap. lot