The Express. — London, England, 1860-08-13 00:00:00

( 2. 4:11103 , 8 W•TCHILL PINNY. dossirdm•-alauligralt. 411•11111eisiss: Awe le IS perm Ilma gm lbw be isms% mostell it= assedelan woo seinkrusee• wok& ow =M. W ▪ Wieweld.--1111m1 te. LelairM. IMMINoII SZOOND-H•IMAMND PIANOFORTE & Oa bow • bmpi imelmant ed Ilmead.l4•4 by by Me mist solimmid orkkers, M restly yelmoi Idea , flogyakamaL SWEET FIIMIGATION.—PIESSE and 1.1131 NA RIBBON of BRUOMIL—Light It, blow oat tM tame, and as it unoaltles•fragnal now *WAN Into !be sir. latoolgt f..r a mouttfa &By tae ta • boa, la (Battered at Sta ti era 11.01. —Pawfursary Factors, I. Now &eel-stmt. -Vbe eVameoo 0011111/11PONDE admilSommes lei TO mbed kr " The -ML NTI. " Looks Draft Poor, mast be M tie slam. 1O ft•••l4•4•ket, by Tye ••dock o• Ibe day apeklulles. VII, Ileum, JACK'S UMW FROM CANTON. The L. ,ig —Trig OVIRLAND ROOM Messrs. Chippendale, contains:l. &web & C. Monswa: Mice. Mathewsth `'t. LS: VI•V Mr.& Itsa. C.l4lieres.—And TB E cmjahrri I NM. rumors. TRo Mom*, A WONDIENUL WOMAN. Msfors.A. Bards. Frank Matthews, sad ahem : Mir svatua..4 Di I. Allot' It —I.MI DEVI AMOUR—LA PILLS MEI EiLT, terminating with AN AMJVSCADI AT ummusx. ILLITANNIA. Tale tamme ARCADLIC 'CT PNS et the Ihmariaa. R. Rdwth. 111.1. KYarasid.-11a wawa li art( NIT ha lb INTEWTAINIML—TWIS Mt stow. it .11 ' S Maw Risßalla—lad Till 11.1617 It TER 31.0011- WON WAN= AT LONDON RIIDGX Tsui DAT —Mamba Mk. Ma. AMmumm, llh. 6iS, To-Mollor-41161piag, llh. 44113 Aftwooos. oe. Om. LONDON, MONDAY, AUGUST 13. TO-SIONT another Minister is to take up the wondrous, ever lengthening tale of debt, deficiency, and borrowing. This time it is Indian short comings, Indian loans, Indian taxation, that is to be talked of. And let no English inoome-tax payer turn away thinking that this dose not con cern him. It concerns him more than anybody : far more than ryots and labourers of Bengal, who are too numerous to be taxed to the point of dis content. The Administration of India is no longer the affair of a parcel of trade,' : it has become imperial. Its impulses are given from England, as the European Forces Bill shows de nionstratively ; its indebtedness has also become imperial, as every investor in the public funds knows, without waiting for a law to recognise the fact—a law which will inevitably be forthcoming on the first occasion. It would be very odd if the administration, imperialised in every other respect, did not display an imperial extravagance. Our readers need not fear that we are about to en tangle them in a detail of Indian finance. Were it not so very unnecessary, we would rather warn them against experimenting with the fi,g-ircs of the Indian budget. When we find the Governors of Bombay and Madras, and those governors Lord ELPHINSTONE and Sir CHABLIS TREVELTAN, alleged by Mr. WILSON to be out, to the extent of half a million sterling, in calculating the annual resources of the Indian Government, the best way for the unofficial stayer at home is to take the several results of Indian finance in the shape of deficit and loans, and such items as are striking from their magnitude and prominence. Many, perhaps most Englishmen, suppose that as the finances of India were deranged by the great mutiny of the Bengal army, it is only necessary to add up the loss and provide for the interest on the stock which represents it, in order that they may recover a state of regularity. This is unhappily far from the fact. The chief in crease in our expenditure in India caused by the mutiny was of course in the military depart inenta. In 1856-57 our total Indian expenditure was 30,799,0001., in 1859-60 it was 41,770,0001. But separating the military expenditure from that for all other purposes, we find that in a period of three years the expenditure for purposes other than military has increased by the sum of 4,751,0001., having been 19,307,000/. in the first and 24,058,0001. in the second of the above-named years. The latter sum, however, includes the compensation for losses in the mutiny, 1,000,0001.; after deducting this, there is a net increase on the ordinary general expenditure of 3,751,000!. Of this net increase, more than half, namely, 2,278,0001., arises from the extension and multi• plication of civil and political establishments and judicial and police charges ; 792,0001. is for interest of debt, an item which will figure at 1,000,0001. in the present and future yeers 170,0001. is for collection of revenue, and only 403/. for buildings, roads, and public works. It will be observed that all this increase has grown up ins period when every circumstance combined to dictate and even enforce economy, when many of the most important public works were suspended, awl the strictest orders were given not to increase the expenditure on education. The foregoing are Indian accounts alone. But the Home charges of the ludian Government have also increased very largely. In 1856-57 they amounted to 2,682,0001., awl in the current year, 4,550,0001., an in crease of 1,868,000/. It is not to be supposed that the productiveness of Indian revenue has been such as to overtake this increase of ordinary expenditure. It grew rapidly from 33,300,0001. in 1856-07 to 37,706,000/. iu 1859-60, while, as we have seen, expenditure was mounting up from 30,799,000!. to 41,770,000/. To cope with the the latter, Mr. Witsosr is putting on new taxes which appear to be the best that can be levied, but the fruitlessness of which is pro blematicaL It is supposed that they may yield 4.000,0001., but, in the meantime, there is no nncertainty about the actual deficit. Following Ilion a deficiency of 7,000,0001. last year, we are prepared by intelligence from Calcutta to expect a deficit of 9,000,000!. in the current year. The interesting part of Sir CIWILM4 Wooo's sp-ech to-night, if it has any interesting part, will 1 e that in which he explains to a bewildered English public how he expects to carry on the ernnient of India. It is plain that the system of loans must come to an end, if for no other reason than that there will soon cease to be any market ter Indian paper. That the resources of India are enormous, that we have as yet basely Perin to tax them, is the opinion of every expe rienced Indian statesman, and of many whose opinion on the subject is more valuable than that of statesmen. But everything must have time to grow, always excepting Govern mental expenditure. We have seen that the Indian civil charges alone , luring a period of com parative parsimony increased four millions ster• i ling per annum n three years, and they will inc ease with great rapidity. The Indian Govern meut itself, in official documenta, p re p arm the public for such a result. The very development of the country causes an increased demand for more exteiriivecivil establishments, and the nncovelianted serves is demanding and obtaining an enhanced rate of pay. Public works and education carrot alwavx remain at a stand-still, but s-ill assert their claims with increasing force. Former deficits have been excused by the wars by which the empire was extended. But the era of wars and annexations is past. This being so, we ought to know why it is that the pennant. mili tary expenditure of India cannot be brediti back to the standard of 1856-57. It is tiara we all began to take an interest in Indian finance ; for year by year we are mortgaging the freedom and civilisation of three islands for the government of that country. AVID the apprehensions which are justly in spired by the state of the weather and the crops, and which strengthen the probability of a disturb ance of the money market during the coming autumn, it is satisfactory to notice indica tions warranting a belief that the general trade of the country will continue steady and prosperous. Although we shall probably be obliged to import a good deal of corn, the prices are not likely to rule high, owing to the abundance of the supply in many of the principal foreign markets. There will, therefore, be no severe pressure upon the resources of the popula tion at home, such as would seriously diminish their ability to consume other articles of comfort and luxury. It is also observed, as a partial set off against the unfavourable tendency of the Indian markets for our manufactures, that trade with America is decidedly reviving. Any large orders which we may be obliged to send to the United States for food may, for a time, affect the specie movement, but will ultimately be compensated to a great extent by an exchange of manufactured commodities. Even the contingency of a deficient harvest will therefore not be without some countervailing influence upon several important branches of our home industry. Perhaps one of the moat satisfactory points pre sented in the commercial reports received from the provinces during the last week is the improvement in the cotton market A decidedly increased de mand has sprung up, and, although it has been partly on speculation, it has caused the week's transactions to reach a larger aggregate than for a long time past, and has led to a recovery of id. to Id. per pound in the middling and lower qua lities of American. The stock is now 1,203,320 bales, against 633,760 at the corresponding period of last year. Industry in the manufacturing districts does not appear to be lees fully employed than for some time past, except at Nottingham, where distress prevails amongst some of the operatives. Gene rally, however, trade is less active, and the dis piriting influence of the weather is much spoken of. At Manchester the prices of cotton goods and yarn are still against the producer, and it is observed that the stocks of some fabrics suited to the Eastern mar kets are now increasing. Shippers to India can only be tempted to operate by a decided concession in price. The accounts from the woollen districts report no briskness, but a fairly satisfactory state of business. It is a significant sign that at the Leeds warehouses the transactions for the home trade have been almost exclusively in goods suited to the winter season. At Huddersfield, business is described as quiet, but prices are well supported. At Rochdale, the flannel trade is active,•and, gene rally, "there is a good demand for woollens, as " well for the foreign as the home markets" At Bradford, the spinners of worsted yarns "con " tinue well engaged to order for export, on con " tracts made some weeks ago ;" but a number of looms are stated to be standing idle. The trade of the Birmingham district is described as flat ; and some dulness likewise prevails at Wolver hampton ; but the accounts from the latter place admit that " the home trade is not bad for the " time of year ;" and the great iron-works appear to be kept in full operation. THE LATE REV. D. LAINO. A correspondent writes to us as follows :—" The death of this excellent clergyman, which you have already chronicled as having occurred on Monday last, is an event requiring something more than a simple record. Among all the benefioent philanthropists of the present century now perhaps has been more remarkable for activity and metal sem in his sphere. The religion of the deceased was eminently practical, and, like his divine Master, hs " went about doing good." He was one of the chief promoters and advocates of the Governesses' Bene volent Institution ; and the friends of that charity will recollect that when a testimonial amounting to several hundred pounds had been subscribed as an acknowledgment of the great services which he had rendered to it, Mr. loing, instead of appropriating it to his own private adouttage, invested the money in founding two additional annuities for decayed governesses. As the incumbent of • large church in Kentish-town, the deceased took • prominent part in all the district charities tending to im prove the physical and moral condition of the poorer class of the population. The poor sils found in him a sym pathising friend end a paternal be nef actor, prompt at once to mist them from his own resources and to call upon the wealthy for such supplementary aid as the necessities et the case required. To the came el female education mpg izesits beat forms, and with all the most modems to aid it, Hr. Laing rendered the greatest arnica. He was • sober of the committee ofQueens Whop, end he took • very aet ive part oleo in the meat of the North Leaden C oate School fo l : a = Oacnrisa4trset, Candle-town, where, among 200 to the mid alb cheese of society, he won for =f b , ski dur s tNis frequent visits, the most endearing and dual aftertiom The lam of inch • man will be deeply felt net east in that notablishreset, but in the north-weet &s -taid of Isaacs ganendly. 71da moraing the mortal remain, of the deceased were removed been Um City, where be resided at the time of his death, in masequesoe of his holding the rectory of St. Cleve's, Hartoareet,to Trinity Church, Kentiah-tows, preparatory to their interment. A large number of the Inhabitants of the locality amembled at the latter place to testify their neglect for the departed, and many of the s in the vicinity were Mosel The burial service was nod owe o'clock in the church by the Rev. A. J. Bums, and et tbe close of it a long procession was formed which accompanied the beam to Highgate Cemetery, where the body was interred amid the deep regrets, and, in many in stant:ea, the tears, of the imiltitude." The Polynesian, a journal published at Honolulu, announces that the young Prince of Hawaii has been officially proclaimed heir to the throne. The King and parliament have decided that each member of the House of Assembly shall receive 110 dollars per amnion, that 1,000 dollars a year shall be the minimum property qualification of each member, that the number of the Home of Nobles shall not exceed ?A, and that the franchise doll be the right of all males ►bove 20 years of age. The Near York Herald of August 1 lays The steamship Great &stern arrived at Cape May at y o'clock yesterday morning. Great dimatisfaction prevailed among the excursionists on board of her, owing to the many dis comforts they had to endure. There seem& to have been but very insufficient prone son made for the comfort of the passengers. The Great Easters was to leave on her figure to New York at 6 o'clock last evening, and will probably arrive here at about 6 o'clock this swain." Tat Heavier tv Ammuce.—The New York &kipping Lie, received by the mead this morning, says:— " The weather is cool and agreeable. The fanners in all this neighbourhood are busy barveseing, and a rich harvest it will he Out Wen they are doing the some thin, with like results. Throughout the South the prospect is not so pleasing, owing to a long and unrelieved drought in may sections." Tae Eurrrames Limit. —The issapendance Reg. soya :— " Though the Emperor's letter to COMA Per 161°Y. being an entirely personal communica_tion, could not receive a direct answer from the cabinet of London, it was not poseible to ignore it altogether, and our London cone vonilent informs us that the diffle n :t e i has been solved by • despatch whi c h L or d John Buse in his capacity an Minister for Foreign Affairs, add on Thursday last to Lord Cowley on the subject of the imperial letter. At the same time the contents of that letter have been the subject of several conversations between Lord Palmerston and the Fren , ll ambassador at London. Our correspondent confines himself to stating that the result of this confidential ex change of riewi and opinions will be favourable, hut that its I effect will not be felt till after the settlement of the affairs of !southern Italy and the the Fr e n c h expe di tion in S accomplishment of the obj e cts o f yria." EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENT • Ebteurt. BALMORAL, issues 9. Her Majesty walked in the grounds bathe porn , lag with the Prince Consort. The Princemes alee walked in the neighbourhood of the Castle. In the afternoon the Prince Consort went out area Orniggornui, when the woods were driven for deer. The Queen and Primes Alice were with his BR* Eighnsi. Prime Arthur rode to the Falls of Garrwalt, attended by Major Elphinstone, ILE The royal dinner party included the Prinotes Alice, Far George Grey, Sir Charles Phipps, Sir James Clark, Dr. Robertson, and the Wire and Gentlemen in Waiting. AI7OIIIIT 10. Her Majesty, accompanied by the Princess Alice, and attended by the Countess of Desert and the Hon. Beatios Byng, drove to Altma-Guithsack, and rode home by Olen- Gelder. The Prince Cowart, amomptusied by Prince Arthur end ffir George Grey, and attended by the Gentlemen in Wait ing, drove to Abergeldie, when the woods were driven foe deer. The royal dinner party included the Primer Alice, Si, George Grey, and the Ladies and Gentlemen in Waiting. A Cabinet Council was held at the official resi dence of the First Lord of the Treasury, in Down ing -street, on Saturday. The Ministers present were Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Karl Granville, the Duke of Argyll, Sir G. Corns wall Lewis, Lord John Russell, the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, Sir Charles Wood, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Somerset, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, the Right Hon. C. Villiers, and the Right Hon. Edward Cardwell. A deputation from the township of Oldham, consisting al Mr. J. W. Lees, Mr. J. Hague (overseers), and Mr. K. Clegg (clerk to the guardians), had an interview with the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers on Saturday, at the office of the Poor.law Board, Whitehall. hem were received on Saturday at the Colonial. ofece ea rr a ct the Governor of Heligoland. Despatches were seat to the Governors of the North American Provinces, Bermuda, Gibraltar, and Malta. ING, ,LATEST AUGUST 13, 'ELLIGE/felt. airrruDE OF AUSTRIA. The Inclepouraince' -- Beige of yesterday evening says :—" Our correspondence from Paris treats of the approaching issue of a manifesto by the Em peror of Austria. Our amounts state that there is, in fact, some question of the publication of a document of this kind on the 18th, the anniversary at the imperial birthday—a publication which would coincide with the promulgation of new con maims to public opinion. Francis Joseph, fore seeing an early attack on Venetia, wishes, it is to make all possible concessions to his Magyar and &lave subjects, so that he may not find himself pressed at the same time by two revolutionary cur rents in Hungary and Italy. According to other accounts it will not be a manifesto, properly so called, but an allocution, in which the Emperor will declare himself freed from the engagements of Villafranca, adding some threatening words for Piedmont. At Turin there is a report of m approaching declaration of war by Austria against Sardinia, arising out of the letter of Garibaldi to the King, in which the Dictator of Sicily openly announces his intention of attacking Venice. Explanations on this head have been demanded of Oount Cavour, whose reply has been dismal unsatisfactory. The enrolment of the classes of 1838 and 1839 by the Sardinian govern ment has also given new umbrage to Austria. Although these rumours seem to us at least pre mature, they agree with a communication which we are assured has been made by the Emperor Napoleon to King Victor Emmanuel on the dan gers of too aggressive an attitude against Austria. The French sovereign has especially shown the impossibility of his interference in case of a war, so long as Austria remains on the defensive." THE PRINCE OP WALES AT HALIFAX. The New York Herald of August 1 contain, a letter from Halifax, under the following characteristic headngs "The Novelty in Halifax !" "The Prince of Wales on Horseback in a Drenching Rain." "Reviews the Troops and Voltudeen and Likes Being Lionised" " Visits the Rustic Play Ground, and is Delighted with the Gressel Pole, the Indian Races, Catching Pigs, and the Fun Geer rally." "The Ball Last Night." " km, Re., Re." The letter is u follows : " Halifax, July 31, 1860. ".The prince rode out in plain costume yesterday after noon, and received a drenching before he returned, but he eat his horse as coolly in the rain as at starting. At half past 7he dived at the Government House, with Lord Mnlgrave, and a party of forty-fix ladies and gentlemen. This morning, at 11 o'clock, the prince left the Government House in the uniform in which he landed, and, in company with all the members of his suite, rode to the common to review the troops in the garrison and the volunteers. He was received on all sides with enthusiastic cheers tram the immense concourse of people collected round the field. The troops consisted of the Sixty-second and Sixty-third regiments, a company of engineers, and five volunteer eon panne of infantry and one of artillery. When these had formed into line he rode past with his staff, and received them admirably, receiving the most hearty cheers from the multitudes the whole way, which be acknowledged by re peatedly lifting him cocked hat and bowing. He then re turned to where the royal standard hung from a staff,and the troops filed past with beautiful precision. He subsequently rode between the linee,appearing to enjoythe whole amazingly. Hs was continually smiling and chatting with the oaten near him, and he evidently likes being lionised. At twenty miming to two he left the field amid a Ante from the volunteer artillery, which was the only firing that took place. He next inspected the citadel, and returned to the Government Hone to luncheon,•after which be returned to the common to witness the rustic sports. The Indians In their sports all wore their national costume, and attracted much attention. The tribe of Micmac. performed a war dance before him. Seven thousand people were assembled around him at this time. He laughed heartily at the ludicrous pass and scenes, and appeared very much interested in the foot racing. He dined at half-past seven, with fifty guests, at the Government House. The whole town and the fleet in the harbour are brilliantly illuminated. The weather last evening was very wet, and the illuminations in zonsequenee were not general. The ball in his honour at the Province Building is the grand event to-night, end three thousand guests are expected to be present. The ball and nipper roans; are magnificent, and the lighting very brilliant Yesterday and to-day have been kept as general holidays, and no newspapers have been printed sine Saturday. The prince arrived at the ball, accompanied by all the members of his snit* and Lord Magyar% at a few minutes before 10; he appeared in his uniform, and looked remarkably well end good humoured. He gave a reception to all present in the hall-room, and they passed him in single file. He darned afterwards with Miss Young, niece of the premier, and the daughter of Mr. Pilsbury, United States coned. He in a capital waltzer and a very entertaining partner. The ball is a great success, and Albert Edward is in his glor►. He evidently likes being lionised, and is fond of gaiety and excitement. It is amusing to observe the eyes of the ladies in the room and gallery watching his every move ment and gesture, and casting envious glances at his fen tonne partnere. I heard more than one whisper, ' What a beautiful dancer,' as he glided in the welts. He rests his partner frequently, and fills up the interval with cheerful conversation and remarks upon the company. His finest feature is his nose, which is becoming prominent, and nearly a Boman. The weather is beautifully fine, and all Halifax is one grand carnival* His Excellency the Arabaa/ador of France and the Constar Persiipsy, who have been staying at Peacarrow, Ocenwall, on a visit to lady Mcdeeworth, will leave today es a visit to Mr. and Lady Caroline Townley, at Townley . Han, Lancashire. His Excellency the Swedish Minieter and the Counter Platen its staying at Penoarrow, on a visit to Lady Wolesworth. The Duke and Duchess of Richmond, who arrived in town a few days ninon from Goodwood Park, flume; have left for Gordon Castle, mar Pochabers, N. 8., to entertain a large circle of friends dozing the shooting season. The duke, we are happy to learn, is enjoying improved health. The Marquis and Marchioness of Ailesbury have left tows, to pare • few days at Tottenham Park, near Marlborough, Wilts. The Earl and Countess Spencer contemplate leaving Spencer House, St. Jennie's, early in the ensuing week, for Althorp Hall, Northampton. The Earl and Countess of Harewood have been during the past week entertaining a *elect family cite& at Basswood House, Yorkshire. The Hon. George and lady Lollies Lamellas, Colonel Smyth, M.P., Sta., have been staying them The Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, M.P., end Mr& Herbert return to town to-day, from Wilton Howe, The Right Hon, Edward and Mrs. Horaman have left town for the Highlands. Mr. Gordon Giirdner, of the Colonial-office, hu been appointed chief clerk of that department in the room of Sir Peter Smith, 1LC.8., who has retired after many years' service. Mr. T. L. Gilbraith is appointed sheriff clerk of the county of Stating. _ _ Captain Manta has been selected to take charge of the graves at Sebastopol._ Mr. May, engineer, of Great George-street, Westi minder, died on Friday, after only one day's illness. The Irish papers continue to chronicle the return homewards of the Irish pilgrims from the Eternal City. According to present appearance; the share of the brigade in the glories to be won under General Lemoricihe pro mises to be on the hozoompathic scale, for by this time the phalanx of 1,600 must be reduced to a mere skeleton depot. A sad accident lately occurred in Simla result in the death of Lieutenant Myers, of the Ride Brigede. — ffe bad been out shooting on the snow, and mistaking a drift for Arm ground he fell down a precipice to the depth of •boat 360 feet. A friend who was out with him recovered the body at gnat risk. LANDING OF GARIBALDIANS. The Paris papers of to-day publish a telegram, dated Naples, August 11 (evening), which asserts that on Thursday night the Garibaldians attempted to land at Altafiume, near Reggio, and at Candri tallo, but were repulsed by the royal troops. Two hundred only are said to have succeeded in landing and were pursued into the interior. The population of the whole kingdom is per fectly quiet. NAPLES, Amon 7 (VIA Garibaldi is said to have been in Naples on Saturday last, and to have conferred with the prin cipal inhabitants. He left again on Sunday. It was decided to await the assembling of Parliament, the elections to which will take place on the 19th inst. Refugees are the candidates preferred by the electors. They openly declare themselves for the annexation of Naples to Piedmont. One electoral district has elected General Coeenz as its repre sentative. The Sardinian admiral has arrived in his ship from Palermo, and has been visited by the Count of Syracuse, who pronounoed himself favourable to annexation. Notwithstanding the severities of the King and Count d'Aquila, numbers of naval officers have refused to fight against Garibaldi N APL'S, SATUIDAT EVIMNO. A report is current here that 1,500 Garibaldian volunteers have landed in Calabria. TIMM Aeons? 12. The subscription to the new loan is closed. Three times the amount required has been subscribed. Signor Manna has left for Paris. AUSTRIA AND BAVARIA. SALZBIJECi, Amor' , 12. The inauguration of the railway from Salzburg to Munich took place to-day. At the dinner given in honour of the event the Emperor of Austria., in proposing the health of the King of Bavaria, said :—" The sentiments of unity which, as neighbours, we bear towards each other, I apply to all German sovereigns. I cannot but joyfully direct my thoughts to the day on which I graspedthe hands of the Prince Regent to strengthen the unanimity of sentiment which brought us to gether." The Emperor concluded thus :—" The health of the King of Bavaria. Cheers for the brave people of Bavaria. Long live the unity of the princes and peoples of Germany." The King of Bavaria, in acknowledging the toast, said, "I hail with joy and full of hope the late friendly meeting of the rulers of Austria and Prussia. That meeting is a guarantee for German unity, for therein lies our power and strength. The health of the Emperor of Austria. Cheers for Austria's true and valiant sons. Cheers for the unity of the two German great powers." ROME. ROME, AUGUST 7. Tranquillity reigns in the city. The municipality of Rome, fearing a dearth, has demanded the prohibition of the exportation of corn. THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA. QUEENSTOWN, SATURDAT. The Royal Mail steam-ship Africa, Captain Shannon, which left New Yost on the let instant, arrived lure at 1 p.m. She brings 46 re and 428,012 dole. in specie, of whidt 421,012 do are for England and the remainder for Havre. She landed all the niaM except those for Liverpool, mad proceeded at 10.25 p.m. The Saxon* from Southampton ; the Prince Albert, from Galway ; and the Bohemian and the City of Washing. ton, from Liverpool, had arrived out. The City of Washington struck an iceberg off Cape Race, but sustained no damage. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. The New York money market unchanged. Exchange WOO a higher. A large business was being done in stocks. New York Central was quoted 831 to j ; Erie, 2.41 to 24 ; Illinois, 761. Cotton was steady ; the sales amounted to 500 bales. Flour was firmer, and 17,000 barrels had been Kid. Wheat and earn were heavy; provisions unchanged. Freights steady. QtrEENEITOWN, SUNDAY. The royal mail steamship Arabia arrived here at 1.30 p.m., embarked mails and passengers, and proceeded for Halifax and Boston at 5.15 p.m. All well. LIVERPOOL, Avarerr 12. The Royal Mail steam-ship Africa, Captain Shannon, from New York on the lst iaetant, has arrived at this port. LATEST FROM NEW YORE AUGUST 1. The flour market is buoyant, and quotations have ad vanced sc. Wheat is also arm, and lc. higher. Indian corn has risen in. The provision market is steady. NEW ORLEANS, JULY 31. The sales of cotton during the hint three days amount to 2,500 baler ; middling 11c. Canis son Avernaisa.—The Copenhagen, Cap tain Godfrey, belonging to Messrs. Dunbar, of London, willed from Plymouth on Saturday for Melbourne. Besides a full general cargo (1,600 tons) of British manufactured goods, including a large quantity of gas apparatus and pipes, she takes thirteen choice bulls, two cows, the entire blood horse Lion, worth about 300 f., a superior prise mare and foal lately shown at the Royal Agricultural So- ciety's Exhibition at Canterbury, • number of rants and sheep, a pair of swans, a quantity of poultry . , .&c. Most of the bulls are of the Durham breed — one !Sa k e Humphrey) is valued at 2001., and another, Prince of Prussia, is worth double that sum. This ball won the second prime at the lent Canterbury show, against Royal Butterfly, brother to Master Butteelly, which was taken out snooessfully bir Captain Godfrey, in 1857. The &rallies, Captain 'Wright, also belonging to Messrs. Dun bar, left Plymouth on the Bth instant, with 287 government emigrants for Adelaide. Three ships are hourly expectol— viz., the Result, Captain Cow, belo • to Messrs. Green, for Melbourne ; the Shah Johan, Go; w i t h government emigrants for Adelaide ; and the L a dy m ac . denald, Captain Brumell, for Sydney. ..t 1860. EXPRESS FIM PARIS. (FROM MOM OORRESPONDMIT.) PARIS, SUNDAY EVZNINO. When I began to read the long article in the Moniker, and saw it stated that in the early days of the present regime it was necessary that "the powers invested with the initiative" should corns prominently forward, and that " short-sighted minds" did not perceive the importance and utility of the part assigned by the constitution to the Corps Legislatif, I really thought that the imperial edifice was going to be "crowned." But, reading on, I found that the two columns are mainly filled by extracts from the government bills which the Corps Legislatif have duly voted during the peat ' session, and by euloginms upon the conception and practical working of the French legislative body. No improvement, no change is foreshadowed ; it seems, on the contrary, to be anticipated that this model mechanism, "now that the necessary impul sion has been given," will go on working in the most regular and satisfactory manner. By way of illustration, it is stated that in the conree of the recent session "the most conflicting opinions were stated with as much energy as liberty." It is material, however, to remember that the laws which govern the debates of the Corps Legislatif are precisely the same as those originally enacted after the coup d'etat. The government cannot logically boast of any additional facilities for free dom of speech, without admitting that in former years there was illegal pressure to enforce silence. There are two facts stated in the article, the rela tive importance of which I frankly admit. The first is that out of 207 amendments proposed by members of the Chamber, 123 were adopted by the Council of State ; the other is that the committee on the budget struck off five millions of francs from the estimated expenses. These are undoubtedly symptoms that the Corps Legislatif so far reflects the feeling of the country as to have commenced a struggle for a larger share in the conduct of public affairs than it has hitherto exercised. An unusual degree of interest is taken in the forthcoming municipal elections. Efforts are making on a scale never before attempted to test the oft-repeated protestations of the government, that the elections are really free, and to show prac tically that universal suffrage is something more than the right of the multitude to do as they are bid. Five members of the Paris bar—MM. Drdo, Ernest Hamel., Durier, Floquet, and Clamageran— have jointly published a manual of electoral law (in a brief and cheap pamphlet) for the guidanoe of the electors, and MM. Dufaure, Plocque, Marie, Cremieux, Senard, Emile 011ivier, Jules Fevre, Picard, and other first class advocates, I have vouched for the soundness of the legal opinions expressed in the work. In this simple pamphlet the elector is informed of his own powers, and warned against the manceuvree heretofore resorted to in order to make him a blind instrument' in the hands of authority. He is told that he is no way bound to drop into the ballot-box the list of candi dates which the government is careful to furnish him at the same time as his voting paper, that his bulletin must be presented folded, and without any exterior mark by which it might be recognised, that it is illegal for any elector to tender an open bulletin, and equally illegal for the president of a polling booth to receive it open, that every elector has a right to demand the annullation of any elec tion tainted with illegal practioea, and that the mayors have no right to drop votes into the box for absent electors as they very often have done. A fire broke out on Thursday night in the Emperor's barrack at the Chalons Camp, and very near to the chamber in which the Imperial Prince I was sleeping ; it was, however, soon got under, and the child slept on unconscious of the danger which ho escaped. The Pays, by way of "latest news," promi nently reports a rumour that Count Cavour will resign rather than accept M. Ratazzi for a colleague. A tourist, just arrived from the Grand Char treuse, tells me that last Thursday week the monks were horribly scandalised by the fact of a lady having, contrary to all regulations ' obtained admission to the monastery, and passe d the night therein. The fair intrude; an inhabitant of Valence, dressed herself in men's clothes and passed in with a party of gentlemen. In the morning she recorded the triumph of her curiosity by carving her name and address in the door of the oell in which she slept. The Duchess de Berry was the heroine of a similar adventure some years ago, but ,there has been no instance of the kind since. A major and lieutenant of gendarmerie—consi dering themselves, as officers are sometimes apt to do, entitled to set at nought social rules by which ordinary citizens are bound—have just met with a well-merited punishment from the Minister at War. These gentlemen insisted upon smoking in a railway carriage, and insulted a fellow-passenger who reminded them of the regulations. They are now publicly reprimanded and placed under arrest : the major for fifteen days, and the lieutenant for a week. The Moniteur of to-day publishes a decree fixing the interest of the BOSS de Trieor for five months at 14 per cent., and for one year at 2 per cent. The Moniteur also announces that on Friday night a fire broke out at the barracks of the Em peror at the camp of Chalons, near the room of the Imperial Prince. The fire was promptly sub dued, and the Prinoe was not even awoke. The Moniteur also publishes an article on the labours of the legislative session, and states that the trial made of the Imperial constitution has been favourable. The coustitution of France can bear a comparison with the moat vaunted organi sation. ITALY. SARDINIA. (FROM ♦ COI TURIN, Auover R. Bertani, the Genoese physician, Garibaldi's inti mate friend and lieutenant, lef t behind to pro ' vide him with an army, means of transport, arms, ammunition, and accoutrements, has been for the last three months a thorn in the side of European diplomacy, and a source of difficulties for the go vernment. Together with the committee of arms at Milan and the National Society at Turin be col lected money, he enlisted men, he granted officers patents, and carried out the arrangements of the Sicilian expeditions. The council of the committee of arms, however, as well as that of the National Society, was composed of men more or less depen i dent upon the government, safe, and anxious to comply with the desires of the cabinet ; but Bertani at Genoa, belonging to the oppo sition, and, in his character of a member of the Italian parliament, beyond the reach of the police, escaped the control of the ministers, and became soon more important than either the com mittee or the society. The revolutionary elements from all Europe flocked to him, and he continued to organise the expeditions when the National -Society had shut its enlisting office at Turin, after La Farina s expulsion from Sicily. His office at Genoa was iu fact an imperium in imperie, and he further increased the difficulties of the Cabinet, which was hard pressed by diplomacy to put an end to this abnormal state of things, by often de claring in the papers that he alone was the depository of Garibaldi's ultimate plans, whilst the Dictator, avoiding any communication with Count Cavour and even with Farini, stood in direct communica tion with the King, writing to him lettere, aid sending messages by his aules-ae-camp. General Turr and the Marque; of Trecohi went from Gari baldi's headquarters straight to the royal palace, and returned as mysteriously as they had come. Bertani, at Genoa, received instructions which re. mained a secret to the ministers ; and it :teenier' indeed that the government had abdicated its func tions as regards its relations with Southern Italy. At last the expedition to Umbria and the Marches was set on foot by the Genoese physician, and now the cabinet resolved not to tolerate any longer this state of things, but to make a last effort either to come to an understanding with the Garibaldians, or if this should not succeed, to stop their proceedings by force, and to resign if the King should refuse his authorisation to such a step. With such views Farini went to Genoa, and not only arranged satisfactorily all the difficulties of the Roman expedition, which was at once abandoned, but he induced even Bertani to shut up his office and to go to Sicily. This night the indefatigable friend of the Dictator leaves Genoa with one of the last expeditions, only General Tarr being left be hind in Lombardy to collect one thousand volun teers, who sail on Tu es day for Messina, to be followed by two more ex pedit ions, and thus the first phew of Gari baldi's enterprise closes. His army numbers now about 40,000 men of whom about 25,000 are Italian volunteers, a force too large for the financial resources of Sicily under the present circumstances, and sufficient both to defend the island against any unexpected attack, and to in vade the Neapolitan mainland with every probabi lity of success. King Francis 11. has indeed 80,000 men in the field to oppose the Dictator, and among them about 12,000 foreigners—Swiss and Austrians, who will fight as valiantly as professional hirelings usually do. Still the fleet and the population of the capital are favourable to Garibaldi ; the government powerless, the King completely helpless. Lamori cibre, well aware of this miserable condition of Naples, has ade a plan of c i z t in n i a for the Neapolitans, and proposes even to to his army with the royal troops, and to take the chief command. We do not know as yet how this proposition has been received by Francis 11., but should he accept it, and dismiss his constitutional ministry, then the Turin cabinet is resolved not to allow Lamoricihre's foreigners to intervene at Naples, and by open force to put an end to the disguised Austrian inter vention, since it is well known that the Austrian battalions at Borne and Naples amount to above 20,000 men ; and Cavour excused the con nivance of the government as regards the ex peditions on behalf of Sicily solely by the Austrian enlisting offices for the Pope and King liombino, which sent the recruits—in fact, Austrian veterans who bad tweed their time in the army—regularly by the mail packet twice a week to Ancona and Manfredonia. It is now a great ques tion whether Austria, especially after the inter views with the Prince of Prussia and the King of Bavaria, will quietly allow the remainder of Italy to be united under the sceptre of Victor Emmanuel, whilst all the papers of the Peninsula openly advo cate a war on behalf of Venetia in the coming spring, that is to say, as soon as the Neapolitan and Garibaldian forces are welded together, with the old Piedmontese troops, into one powerful Italian army. The peace of Europe hangs upon a very slender thread, but as to the unity and rege neration of Italy there can scarcely be any further doubt ; they are insured by Garibaldi's gallantry by Cavour 's statesmanship, by the King's loyal adherence to the constitution, and by the faith which the nation puts in Garibaldi, Cavour, and Victor Emmanuel SICILY. (nox oux snow. ow MEMINA, Aucoarr 4. Wonders here follow wonders with almost in credible rapidity. A few days ago it was the victory of Melazzo, and the triumphant entry of Garibaldi into the city. To-day it is the unexpected capitu lation proposed by the Neapolitan General Clary, and accepted by the great Italian Dictator. By virtue of this capitulation, the forte of the Light house, as well as those of Conzaga and San Salva tore have been handed over to Garibaldi, with guns and ammunition. Syracuse and Agate have been also evacuated by the troops of the King, and have recognised the authority of Victor Emmanuel in the person of his niter ego. It is true that the actual citadel of this town still remains in the hands of the Neapolitans, but they scarcely number 2,500 men, and are in a state of complete demoralisation. This morning as I was walking towards the citadel I heard that those troops had mutinied during the night, fearing to be shut up sine die. It is, therefore, easy to foresee that the evacuation of this last stronghold of Neapolitan despotism will be but a question of ' a few days. Garibaldi is collecting not only an army but also a small navy, which I have no doubt will prove very serviceable. In addition to the six steamers he can now dispose of, he has bought two larger ones which are ex pected here before the end of the month. It is, therefore, likely he will not undertake any farther military operations till then. Should, however, events at Naples turn in favour of the national. cause, you may depend upon it Garibaldi will go forward in his usual way. That something of a serious character is expected to take place there, I infer from the fact that Count Fermi°, the Sardinian admiral, ban received orders to leave Palermo for Naples with the Carlo Alberto and Maria Adelaide, screw frigates. The Admiral is to leave the waters of Palermo either to night or to-morrow. In the meanwhile, money is arriving every day, both here and at Palermo. Mr. Ashurst has sent 2,5001., collected by Mr. Taylor and other gentlemen of Glasgow and Liverpool. Mr. Fabbricotti, the chairman of the Sicilian com mittee of London, has also sent a round sum of money, and money is also daily coming in from Dr. Bertani and the banker, Banana, from Genoa and Milan. There is talk to-day of a loan proposed to Garibaldi by a well-known London firm. Meanwhile the organisation of the troops both here and at Palermo is being carried on with an activity which beats that of the Poles in 1830. Here at Messina we have not less than 10,000 good fighting men, and 3,000 more, I hear, are expected to morrow. The former are divided into the brigades commanded by Generals Bixio, Medici, Eber, and Coeenz. To the last-named brigade belongs the small but gallant regiment of your countryman, Colonel Dunne, who greatly distinguished himself in the battle oiMelaszo. The artillery is under the orders of a gallant Sicilian officer, Colonel Scalia, who passed an honoured exile of eleven years in London. This young man has really done wonders. With the small means he had at his disposal he contrived to organise six field batteries in less than two months. The secret of this almost incredible result lies chiefly in the great influence Garibaldi's name exercises over his companions in arms. Both the activity and the intelligence of this Italian soldier are powerfully felt everywhere, from the highest to the lowest spheres of the military depart ment. Colonel Curti, another brave officer, who was wounded at Melazzo, will arrive here to-morrow, his wound being nearly healed, which is unfortunately not the case with poor Colonel Carrini, who was severely wounded whilst making his entrance into Palermo. All these noble-spirited men, under the command of the gallant Dictator, are collected iu the city, renewing the example of generous abnegation shown by that first valiant band of " Cac ciatori delle Alpi," who disembarked at Marsala and conquered at Calatafimi The public ought to know that these officers are content to receive, besides their rations, the sum of two francs a day only, on account of their pay, leaving the remainder (regulated according to the tariff of the Kingdom of Italy) to be placed to their credit, and to be di.- charged at some future time. It is curious to see how great is the influx r 4, 1. I