The Express. — London, England, 1861-03-11 00:00:00

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S. lam ion 11/21M AT WOW 111110111. Thll LIT.-4/adsg, IL 11i5..... AlbermiL in. 311 n. To.ING•MP-.llmies, 1LA.... Mow% in. un. --- LONDON, MONDAY, MARCH 11. Tut coolness and courage with which the chief men of Poland turned a shameful massacre into an occasion for sending a solemn petition and remon strance to the CZAR, have nowhere been more ad mired than in England, where, certainly from no indisposition to grasp the sword firmly when other means fail, the remedial force of reason is relied on more than in any other country in the world. It is now more than a week since we beard of the grave crisis at Warsaw which General &Bunter's folly had precipi tated, and as yet we know nothing certainly of the measures by which the CZAR is likely to con front it. The information on this subject published by tho German press is either trivial and inconsequent, or of doubtful authority. The order to inquire strictly into the conduct of the military on the 27th, if it really came from St. Petersburg, may be no more than an exercise of discipline over a general whose thoughtlessness has got his master into trouble ; and besides, like some other expedients simi larly announced, it usefnlly occupies an interval of reflection, and enables the Russian Government to gain the time which it much needs. The most positive news we get is that regiments are march ing from all points upon Warsaw, and that the garrison of that city is daily reinforced by new arrivals. Even this concentration of military force tells nothing of the disposition of the Imperial Go vernment. It is a measure which a sovereign might adopt with the best intentions. Of oourse the con scious possession of power by a Government brings with it the temptation to trust to repressive measures instead of removing causes of uneasiness. But if the ersa is to lead the Polish nation through the present trials to • better mode of political existence, he will need to be strong. We have seen within these twenty years embarrassed Governments seek to propitiate the people by de grading the army, but in every instance • terrible rehabilitation of military honour has ensued. A people must have cultivated civic virtue very highly indeed not to be debauched by the spec tacle of a demoralised and degraded government at their mercy. This is not the case of a cam paign, where the arrival of a regiment may turn the fortune of war, otherwise we should'regret the military movements reported. The conviction pre vails universally among the patriots that nothing could more injure the common cause than a hasty and inconsiderate appeal to arms. The military spin: of Poland may well be content for • time to nourish itself upon the deeds of the great day of Grochow, but for the present it has no pressing occupation. Meanwhile, the state of public feeling at Warsaw is becoming painfuL A new future has opened to the nation—a future of which an that is certain is that, in the most favourable case, it will demand the exercise of the highest prudence and many se, crifices. The civil populations cherish the senti ment of their late troubles by the aid of emblems and celebrations. Rut black missals and immortelles and portrait& of the fallen will soon be forgotten in the demands of an onward political career, or pro scribed as criminal demonstrations by the Govern- went. Ihe present suspense cannot be prolonged. While Warsaw is still patrolled by a civic force, women, among whom is the Princess GOIITicH4I - are leaving the city in apprehension of com motion and conflict. Nothing a more improbable than that a conflict will take place. The leaders of the Polish people recessing the energy of the new power of opinion which in Southern and Cen tral Europe is destroying or transforming govern- Basuto that but yesterday named to stand like un nmailable fortreesse among the people they op premed. Against the moral forte on which Count ZAMOTSZI and his compatriots rely the sword is helpless. The late Czas showed how impossible it was to destroy Polish nationality. If any man or any measures could have accomplished that feat he would not hare failed. The Poles lost their army, their constitntion, their viceroy, even their language, and yet thirty years afterwards Poland raises her head, and in the name of the first rigid of a people—the right to exist—demands their hill restoration. While we an amble to foresee the answer which ALIMAXINIS will return to the Warsaw peti tion, there meanies precedents of his house which we may be sure he cannot follow. Although he has chosen this moment for expressing his sympathy (or, as Prince NAT., .crom might explain, his pity) for the late King of Nauss, by the presentation of a military order to that Prince, we know that in matters which nearly affect his own reputation, in the cardinal questions of his government, he is far from being indifferent to European opinion. Perhaps he sees that the present excitement is of • nature which does not admit of repression by the sword. But if not, at least he seas how much Russia would lose in the far:mashie estimation of the world by a return to the brutal and sanguinary methods of his father. Occupied as he is in Russia with claims for social and political liberty, which can neither be denied with safety nor granted without close and devoted attention to their development, he can hardly do otherwise than make concessions to the Poles, and these, whether they fulfil the measure of the Warsaw petition, or fall below it, will make the affairs of Poland for many years to corns an object of high European importance. TARIM IS still a fund of information contained in the last issue of the Board of Trade returns which has not yet been brought forward in print. On Monday last we cited a few details explanatory of the adverse state of the American exchanges. We will now add • few more which tend to show that the country has largely increased its consumption of or investments in foreign commodities, a course which inevitably results in unfavourable ex changes, a drain of geld, and • rise in the rate of nterest. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 11, 1861. The annexed figures refer to the twelve months of 1860 as compared with 1859. t K wheat we imported 216,594,063 at 27,610151 more Hour .. 4,320,M6 „ 1,927,916 ~ barley „ oats maize „ 3, . . „„ 165,804 1,281,7M :: cotton „ flax 9 • indigo „ ad all , . 2,r•43,211 „ 5147,6604 „ ma w „ 4,014,060 „ 1,041,214 „ tea „ timber „ 9,24.18,012 „ 1,013,110 „ wine „ wad „ .... It is apparent from this enumeration of the principal items of import that we have been pro viding ourselves to an unusually large extent with foreign commodities, either for consumption or to be used in manufactures. The aggregate of the above mentioned fifteen articles is 121,600,377!., and the increase compared with 1839 amounts to the serious sum of 21,348,376/. The only large articles of import that present any decrease of importance compared with 1859, are brandy, hemp, and jute. If we carry the examination further we shallfind that the increase in the five articles first mentioned—namely, wheat, various other kinds ' of grain, and flour—amounted to 13,017,0451. Now, this represents simply the increase in the sum which we have been obliged to pay to the foreigner for food, in consequence of the failure of our last harvest. We could not do without this supply, and no doubt we have eaten it up almost as fast as it came in. It is not as if we had invested the money in cotton or timber, which we can work up into some manufactured form, and sell again to the foreigner, with a due profit upon our industry. The deficiency in the yield of our crops has entailed upon us a severe and sudden drain, which has told swiftly upon the exchanges and upon the money market. The effect has been the more rapid and violent because, as above shown, at the very time when we wanted breadstuff,. from abroad to so unusual an amount, we increased our absorption of such comforts and luxuries as tea, coffee, and wines. Moreover, we increased our investments in the raw materials of manufacture, such as cotton, indigo, tallow, timber, and wool. There is even reason to apprehend from • review of these figures that we have been somewhat improvident, and have availed ourselves too freely of the luxuries pro curable from abroad. The Board of Trade returns also enable us to ascertain the imports of various additional articles of minor importance, and if we extend the compa rison to them we shall find the results to be similar. Of the whole of the articles enumerated in the official returns, the imports were:._ 1860 1839 ... . - £169,131,063 ..- ........... -... 143,064,968 Being an two= d £16,076,105 Now we could only redress this adverse balance by paying in specie or by paying in exports. The total exports for the twelve months, according to the official returns published three weeks ago, were : 2135,842,817 1859 130,411,529 Being an i•eew at . . £5,431,288 Consequently, on • comparison of 1860 with 1850 The increase in imperils was The increase in exports was Lsavingabsisnee to be provickwi of 00,644,817 Perfect accuracy cannot, of course, be claimed for these results, or for the figures upon which they are founded, but it is easy to understand from them why our specie reserves have been so heavily trenched upon during the last few months. LATESV:INTELLIOENCE. AMERICA. QUEENSTOWN, Suso Ay. The Royal Mail steamship . Atria', Captain Shannon, from New York on the 27th ult., arrived here at 4.15 a.m.; landed all mails, except those for Liverpool, and proceeded at 4.30 a.m. All well. The steamer America, from Liverpool, had ar rived out. The committee of thirty-four leading democrats from Pennsylvania, headed by Judge Lewis and General Foster, appointed by the Democratic Con vention to convey a copy of the resolutions to Pre sident Buchanan and the President of the Senate, had arrived at Washington, and had an interview with the President on the 23rd of February. The President informed them that he had read the re solutions, and that he endorsed every sentiment therein contained. The New York Herald says : Private deices received at !Washington on • ' a 25th ult. from Montgomery lay that very soon a commissioner will be appointed by the Southern Confederacy, and be accre dited to the new administration ; and that, in the mean time, oo measures will be taken with a view to dislodge the federal fortes in possession of Southern Porte. The same paper says : The secretary had received a despatch from the Oommineary of Subsisten, dated New Orleans, informing him that General Twigp had surrendered the military property to the revolutionists in TOW. The commiasary adds that, as a loan, no use of the government means of transportation was allowed to take the federal troops to the seaboard, and they were permitted to take with them three or four cannon and their side arms. On the 25th the Rouse of Representatives pro ceeded to the consideration of the Senate's amend- manta to the Tariff Bill. Mr. Sherman, of Ohio, urged the necessity of concurring in all the amend ments, to many of which be was opposed, and under other circumstances would vote against them. But be believed the very existence of the govern ment depended on the prompt passage of the bill, which is substantially the act of 1847. When the present administration came into power the public debt was 29 millions, with nearly 18 millions in the treasury. But now the public debt is over 96 millions. The smallest possible amount the government can get along with the next fiscal year is 68 millions. It was a necessity to pass this bilL The amendment imposing a duty of one cent. and a half per pound on coffee, and on tea four cents., with the addition of ten per cent. ad valorem, was rejected by a vote of 32 against 147. All the Senate's amendments were concurred in except the tax on tea and coffee. The bill therefore goes back to the Senate. The New York Herald says :—" The feeling is very general among the friends of adjustment that all hope of the peace conference coming to a settle ment is ended." The property of the United States in Texas had been quietly surrendered by General Twigg to the state authorities. The federal troops were allowed to leave the state, all facilities being afforded them for so doing. The value of the seized property was estimated at 1,300,000 dole. The North Carolina Legislature adjourned on the 25th ult. There was some talk of an extra session, if the events of the next few weeks are un favourable to compromise. The Washington correspondent of the New York Herald says : I ins able to state positively that a complete skeleton of the inaugural was prepared in Springfield and brought on to this place by the President elect. In the portion relating to national affairs, the obligation of the new adminie. tnition to execute all the federal laws in all parts of the Union as one of its constitutional duties is firmly amerted. In reference to the compro mise question none of the propositions now pending be fore Congress and the peace conference was directly en dorsed ; but the calling of a national convention for the adjustment of the present differences between the two sec tions of the country was recommended, and a readinem ex pressed to abide by whatever pleasure it would agree upon. It is, however, more than probable that the observations of the President elect on the journey from Springfield, and since his arrival here, will induce him to modify this original draft. But, whatever these modifications may be, I but indicate the firm conviction of his most intimate friends in saving that he will not embody • reeosonsodatien of any suggested compromise or concision in his weenie. The mine correspondent of the above paper says There appears to be a growing conviction among many prominent republicans that an impression, auguring well for a conciliatory and conceding policy of the incoming ad' ministration, was made upon the President elect at the deljeu my given by Moses H. Grinnel in his honour during his stay in your city. The cabinet of Mr. Lincoln will take something of the following shape : Secretory of State Mr. SEWARD, of New York. Seeteberyettbe Treassry Mr. CAMERON,of Pennsylvauis. Secretary of War Mr. 0. M. CLAYT, of Kentucky. or, Mr. M. BLAIR, of Ind. Secretary of the Navy Hr. WELLS, of Connuticnt. Secretary of the Interim am nit, of Indiana. Pestmaster.Gensel Mr. ETHERIDGE, of Tenn. Attorney-General Hr. BATES, of Missouri. Asother report es to the oonstruction of Mr. Lincoln's cabinet in u follows : Secretary of State Mr. SEWARD. Atteeseytieneral Mr. BATES Seentiery et the Navy Mr. GILMER, of N. 0. Secretary of the Interior Mr. C. B. SMITH, of Ind. PostamsterGeneral ... Mr. WELLS. ikaretary of theTressury...Mr. CAMERON. QUEENSTOWN, Soirmir. The Royal Mail steamship Canada arrived here at 3 p.m. to-day, embarked mails, and proceeded for Halifax and Boston at 4 p.m. All well. prosperity of tie country by the development of the consti tutional institutions, by the improvement of the different branches of the public service, and especisay by the regula tion of our financial position, Kr as to strengthen public credit and to enable it to meet all the wants and obligations of the state. Fes this purpose various hills of great importance will be laid before you. As the budget was not discussed by the Senate last year, you will this session have to occupy yourselves with the iumniu" sties and vote of financial measures for two con secutive years. We shall thus resume our regular way, while, on the other hand, my government, conforming to the decisions of the Chamber, has provided, as far as was pos sible, for the security of the public interest and for the maintenance of order. I doubt not, gentlemen, that your wisdom and patriotism will inspire you with sentiments equal to actual circumstances. lam sure that you will sincerely assist my government in advancing in the path pointed out to us by the national interests in the point of view of a good administration at home and of consideration abroad. It is thus that we shall be able to look forward with con fidence to the future, and to invoke without fear the bless- Logs of Him who shields nations end brings pure intentions to a good end. Ebe Court. The Queen and the Prince Consort, accompanied by the Feigners. Alice and Louisa, took a drive Is en open carriage and four en flatunby afternoon. °email the floe. C. Orly aad Woad the Hai. A. Harding* attended cm horseback. Tile Queen and Prime visited tbe Patriotic Asylum for the Orphan Daughters of &Ideas, fiegesen, and Marines, at Wendel/int/2._ The Prince Coaeort rode ou bombe& in the forenoen, attended by his Eiluerry in Waiting. The Princesses Alice and Helena rode in the Riding- Douse of Bockingham Palace. The Queen sod Prince Consort, with the Princess !moored the performance at her Majesty's Theatre with their presence in the evening.. la atteedases were the Cantos of Weikel, the Hon. Meager Beardey the Hon. rare Macdonald, Lord Hems. Mir-Generai the Hon. Charles Grey, and Coiouel th e Hon. . iLsreliege. Yesterday the Queen and the Prime Consort, the Prisons Alice, Prince Arthur, Prince Leopold. the Princesses Helena and Louise. the 'Adios and Gentlemen of the Court, and the domestic household, attended divine per. vise in the private chapel, Buckingham Palace. The Rev. Dr. Theeeloa, provost of Queen's College, Oxford, preached the senaea. • Cabinet Council Ina held on Saturday at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury, in Downing-Rtreet. The ministers present were Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Sir G. Cornetist' Lewis, Lord John Russell, the Duke of Newcastle, Lord Herbert, Sir Charles Wood, the Duke of Sceeereet, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, Sir George Grey, Lord Stanley of Alderley, the Right Hon. O. P. Villiers, and the Right Hon. Edward Cardwell. Mr. Carruthers bad an Warrior, with Lord John Rural as latarday at the Poraigra-odloa. Ha MAJzwry's TanArns —Her Majesty and bin Royal Highs.= the Prison Consort honoured this theatre with tick promisee oa Satorday wooing, accompaaiod by leer Royal Highness the }Mamas Alice, Countess of Cbdoona, Hoe. Mawr /Rowley, Hoe. Flora Macdonald, Lord Han* Omni the Hoo. C. Orgy, and Colonel the Has. Arlin or lissikage. Prince Louis of Hesse-Darmstadt, who is betrothed to the Priam' Alice of England, will leave Borba in a few days for Lo dos, where his highosee will oaks a bag day. Their Royal Highnesses the Duchene at Cam bridge sad tie Prisons Mary are expected to leave Ilk Jansen Palace at the end of the ensuing week for CMS. bridges Cottage. Kew, for the Easter ream Ilia Excellency the Austrian Ambassador and the Ouaatee■ Appon3ri give a grand entertainment to their Royal High...nee the Dube= of Cambridge and the Primate Mary toinorrow eveniog, at Chemins Homo. The Duke of Buocleuch and Lord Henry Scott have left fklgrave-equare to join the duchess and family circle at Bogrhill, Belkirkshire. The Dochtea of Montrose and Lady Violet Gra ham mad lady Agee* Iforray have arrived at Pare from Genoa. The duke is at present staying with the Countess of Powie and family, at Powis Castle, near We'shoed. The Earl of Granville and the Hon. Frederick Levenom.Gower, M.P.. her. returned to town from attend. Una Deb of Sutherland*. funeral at Trentham. The Earl and Countess of Westmoreland have seas am a visit to the Duke and Duchess of Beaufort, at Eadmiatos, Gloucestershire. Tlas Countess (Dowager) of Jersey arrived in Berkeley-square a few days are, from Illddlstaa Perk, arr Brester. Viscountess Jocelyn and family left Cambridge House oa Saturday for SR Laoaard's-oa-Br. Lord Cremorue has taken a house in Curzon street for a term of year., late the residence of Colossi sod lady Lents Ileyrick. Lord and Lady Ebury come to town to-day from Moor Park Hertfordshire. Baron and Baroness Lionel de Rothschild enter tained • West party at climber last 'vetting at Kiegston 1100/01). The Duke of Rozburghe and the Marquis of Belmont hays left the Clarendon Hotel, Bondatreek for 800daad. ALLEGED EXCITEMENT IN SYRIA. PA RIR, MONDAY. Tim Paris papers publish telegrams, dated Beyrout, February 25, asserting that the Mussul mans had redoubled their insults and provoca tions against the Christians at Damascus. The Musalmam were said to have thrown down the crosses and trampled them under foot, u they did before the late massacres. The Paris papers add :—" It is asserted that consular reports confirm that the Christians are in danger. The emigration is said to have re commenced. The Druses of the Hanran threaten the most implacable vengeance, should Finul Paella order the execution of the eouderoned Drumm. " GREECE. The Greek Chambers were opened on the 27th of February by King Otho in person. His Majesty spoke as follows : Gentlemen Deputies, Gentlemen Senators, It is with pleasure I see yuu assembled round me today. I confidently count upon your support for the further mace of public bruiser. It bas given me greet satirection to behold the order and calrunew displayed by the nation os the occasion of the Let elections. By adhering to conserva tive principle/ the Oreek people has shown that it under stands its reel illiterate in the present se well u for the future. My relatiose with foreign Powers are amicable. Greece (retinues to enjoy the sympathies of the civilised world, and especially of the great Powers who have been her benefactors ; those sympathies which have contributed so much to consolidate her indepentleoce must act as a per petual stimulant for her advancement in the path of progress. My government, full of the importance of its duties, is incessant in endeavouring to increase the internal EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (dolt on owN PARIS, SUNDA! Emma.. The committee on the address of the Corps Legis latif have resolved, after a long discussion, not to adopt any one of the amendments proposed. They will be brought forward on their own merit* by the authors of them, and of course have no chance of being carried. Among the amendments, besides those which I sent you some time since, there is one directly aimed at the opposition of England to the prolonged occupation of Syria by a French force. On the Roman question, I apprehend that the out-and-out partisans of the temporal power will not obtain so large a majority in the lower house as they did in the Senate. M. Grapier de Cassaguac is deputed by the committee to defend the paragraph of the address relating to Rome. The government orators, having precisely the same instructions as they Lad in the Senate, will neither pledge the Emperor to with draw his troops from Rome, nor to maintain the temporal power under all circumstances. The report of the jury appointed to judge the de signs for the new opera-house is now published. The result, as far as regards the award of prizes, was already known. No drawing was considered good enough to merit the grand prize, but five were selected for prizes as worthy of especial notice. The jury now recommend that the five prizemen shall be invited to compete again among each other, and that this time the prize to be given shall be the contract for building the opera. It is by no means decided that the site of the new building shall be upon the spot lately proposed, opposite the Rue de la Paix. It is the general opinion that the designs sent in show that the approaches are too restricted at this place. There is a gigantic scheme for pulling down all the houses between the corner of the Rue de la Paix and the Tuileries, and building the opera house en the Butte des Moulins. To this the ruinous expense is a great objection. The Empress having taken a dislike to the Hotel d'Albe in the Champs Elysees, in which her sister died, has exchanged it with the city of Paris for a large piece of ground on the Quai Billy, where she means to erect a splendid palace. Her Majesty pays the city a very considerable sum of money for equality of exchange. A subscription has been set on foot for Madlle. Nan de la Rochejagu, an authoress, and a cousin of Chateaubriand, who is in a state of distress. M. Scribe, a few days before his death, wrote a letter telling her that her parentage gave her a claim upon all of noble birth, and her talents upon all friends of the fine arta. In the latter character M. Scribe, who seldom paid empty compliments, sent the lady 1,000 francs. Subscriptions are received by M. Ledoyen, the bookseller of the Palais Royal. PARIS, SATURDAY EVZIMIG. In a private letter received in Paris from one of the Emperor of Russia's ministers, it is stated that the Russian government regards an armed peace in Europe as almost as bad as a general war. Peace on such conditions, says this statesman, is nearly as expensive as war, with this addition al inconve nience, that it lasts longer • and all the while trade and manufactures are pet as much paralysed as if the most bloody struggles were going on. There is a great deal of truth in this opinion • but coming from such a quarter it affords matter for grave re flection, seeing the persistency of the reports that there exists a sestet and intimate alliance between Russia and France. Francis 11. bait, I believe, been forced at lest by very shame to send an order to General Fergola to surrender the citadel of Messina. We may there fore hope that humanity may be spared the frightful spectacle of a massacre of the peaceable inhabitants of the city as a holocaust to the glory (1) of this effete Bourbon. The news from Rome about the condition and projects of the exiled royal family of Naples is most contradictory. Some despatches say that they are on the point of remov ing to Bavaria, while ot ters repeat the assertion that they will stay at Rome as long as the Pope remains a temporal sovereign. I have seen letters stating that the King has spent all his money in the vain attempt to defend Gaeta, that be has been com pelled to sell his horses and carriages for bread, and drawing a graphic picture of the despair of his discharged servants, who he is represented to be no longer able to pay. On the other hand, he is said to be ordering new carriages and liveries, preparing to give a grand fete, and it is asserted that he has a clear 200 millions of franca snug in the Bank of England. He went the other day to the church of Sant Agostino to offer up to the Virgin some frag ments of a shell which burst near him at Gaeta. Cardinal Antonelli's answer to the Gueronniera pamphlet appears in the form of a prosy despatch to M. Meglia, the Papal charge d'affaires at Paris. Its tenor may be summed up in a word. Like Car dinal Mathieu in the Senate, it says that Rome must have "all or nothing." That the court of Rome promised reforms Antonelli admits ; that it has not kept its promises he also confesses ; and be also adds that no concession will ever be extorted so long as the revolution keeps a footing in the Roman States ; in other words, the Romagnas, the Marches, and Umbria must give up their newly acquired liberties, and return to "order"—viz., cardinal misgovernment—before the court of Rome will so much as take into consideration any change in its system of temporal government. He takes not the least account of the twenty-six millions of Italians who stand in the way of the purblind pre tensions of his obstinate master. There is not, from one end of the document to the other a single line affording an opening for any practi cal meat. It is announced that the court will go to Com piegne for • few days towards the end of the month. The Chalons camp is to be opened on April Ist, and the Emperor will be present on the occasion. The force, which will consist of 40,000 men to begin with, is to be gradually augmented to 60000., The King of Italy will shortly send special am bassadors to the different courts of Europe to ask for a recognition of his new title. I understand that the Marquis Massimo d'Areglio has been already designated for Paris, Baron Mow& for London, and General La Marmon for St. Peters burg. The latter selection is attributed to the marked cordiality with which General La Marmara was received on the occasion of the recent visit to Betlinbi M. de Budberg, the Russian ambassador there. These ambassadors will be fitted out with unusual pomp and magnificence. The Poles in Paris assembled to-day in great numbers at the Church of the Assumption, to hear a mass for the souls of those who fell in the late fehaufotiree at Warsaw. The Bourse was almost deserted. The Rents closed heavily atse. lower than yesterday. Mobilier fell sf. In railways there were scarcely any quota tions. The Mires securities, which have been nearly stagnant all the week, went down considerably. The Caisse Mires fell 16f., closing at 82.25; and the Roman Railways fell 17.50. The express trains between Paris and Marseilles are shortly to accelerate their speed, so as to gain two hours in the journey. For this purpose there will be ten fewer stoppages than heretofore, and the breakfast at Avignon, which, though pleasant, costa the loss of half an hour, will be done away with. When this change shall be carried into effect, Marseilles merchants will get their Paris letters at three o'clock instead of five, and con sequently in time for the afternoon's bourse. In Paris the effect of the reform will be still more advantageous, for the letters which leave Marseilles at 10.30 p.m. will be distributed at 5 p.m. the next day, instead of remaining all night in the post-office. In thirty-six hours the writer of a letter from Paris to Marseilles, and rice re rsti, will now receive an answer. The Budget of 1862 proposes to raise the weight of an ordinary letter, circulating in the interior of the empire, from 7* grammes, as at present, to 10 o The scandalous affair of Canon Mallet hail called public attention to the truly alarming growth of monasteries and convents in France since the restoration of the empire. The establishment of Les Petites Scours des Pauvres de Paris was founded in 1844 by two women occupying a single room • it now possesses thirty convents and twenty five Millions of property. The "Sisters of the Holy Union" of Cambrai started only a very few years ago, and they have now 130 house s o f th e i r order in France and Belgium. These are the ladi es who got possession of the young Jewess, The6se Bluth, passed her from convent to convent, and now say, on their oaths in a court of justice, that they don't know what has become of her. A Mortar a case has occurred in France, and the law app ears to be impotent to deal with it. The Abbd Ratisboune, who cuts a very discreditable figu re in this business, is the superior of " Notre Dame de Sion," a conventual establishment which the city of Paris has been giving money to. This has been one of the finest spring days ever seen so early in March. The season promises to be very forward. The famous chestnut tree in the garden of the Tuileries, whose first leaf is not t ale ditionally due till March 20 (le Vingt Mars), i s a l. ready quite verdant, and garden shrubs in she!. tered spots are more advanced than they were at the end of April last year. A sad accident has cast a gloom over the town of is Rochelle. Two young gentlemen, MM. Loui s land Marcel d'Orbigny, aged respectively 18 and 12, nephews of the celebrated naturalists Alcide and Charles d'Orbigny, were looking for shells on the beach, near Chaypoint, when a part of the over. hanging cliff fell down and crushed them to death. POLAND. The Correepowiance Bte!her publiiihea the following letter purporting to give details respecting the recent disturbances at Warsaw : CRACOW, Meson 4. The students of the School of Medicine have arrested a suspicious individual, who was selling arms and ammuni tion to the people. He is suspected of being a provocative secret agent. But what will have an immense influence over the people and even the Russian army is, that during the deplorable scenes at Warsaw the Russian officer who had received the order to fire on the inoffensive crowd ed. yawed in front f the eoldiers drawn up in line, and de clared that it was not thus he understood his duties His profession, he said, was not to assassinate and mow does with grape saute° and children, but to maintain order when really di.turbed, and loyally to defend his country. In his indignation he tore off his epaulettes and broke his sword. The people greeted with immense cheering the manifestation of this noble heart, which thus revolted against a barbarous abuse of force. Seeing this, the police pounced instantly oa the courageous officer, but the people gathering round him gave him the means of escape. The hordes of Circassian and Mussulman cavalry that gm. riven Warsaw were then let loose against the people. These Russian bashl-bazouks committed acts of Vandalism that will for ever sully the hand which unchained them. Per. suing the people, and flogging with their thonged whim the women and children, they entered the church of the Bernardino.. whore they sabred indiscriminately the priests and the people, who were quietly praying and singing hymns. Lut what was worthy of the times of the great Suwarrow is the circumstance that these Asiatics hordes pro fined the sacred host and cnt in pieces the large and beau. tiful picture of the Holy Virgin. These facts, I repeat, are truthfully exact. The ollicer I have been just speaking of was not the only one who refused to take part in these acts of cruelty ; numerous defections in the Russian army have occurred. At the moment when General Zebolockoi ordered the men to fire, a subaltern threw down his arms ; I saw him tit) IA myself ; be thee abandoned the ranks of the soldiers and pared over to the people. The deplorable events of which Warsaw has been the theatre will have an immense and mournful echo from every part of ancient Poland. Yesterday, which was Sunday, they celebrated at Cracow, in the presence of an immense , congregation, a funeral service for the victims that fell at Warsaw on the 27th of February. During the Requiem sobs and groans could be heard, and during the whole timed divine service the shops were closed. Lemberg (in Austria) has also gone into mourning for the sad events at Warsaw. The following is the complete list of the persons slain: Kartcheirski and Rutkovaki, members of the Agricultural Society ; Vitte, of French extraction, foreman of the works at the bridge of Warsaw ; Areissevski, • medical student, killed at the window of his house ; I3eudel, • workman; Kahatkin, butcher ; Tthernevitch, a farrier. The inhabi tents of Warsaw have opened a subscription to pay the ex pease. of burying the victims slain on the 27th. A sum of 200,000 francs war collected, but the wothmen and ,under. takers would accept nothing. Crowns of thoens,have been placed on the tombs of the victims. ITALY.-MESSINA. The Turin Gaut& publishes the precise terms of the letter of General Cialdini, in reply to the ono sect him by General Fergola : General,—ln reply to the letter which you have done me the honour to address to me to-day, I must tell you that King Victor Emmanuel having been proclaimed King of Italy by the haiku parliament, your conduct will henceforth be considered ea open rebellion; consequently I shall not grant either to you or to your garrison any form of capitulation, but shall require you to surrender at dis cretion. If you file upon the city, I will shoot, on taking possession of the citadel, as many officers and sol diers of the garrison as are killed by you in your fir* against Meesina ; your personal property, and that of your officers, will be confiscated for the benefit of the families of peaceable citizens, to compensate them for the injuries which you may have caused ; and, finally, I shall give up you and your subordinates to the people of Messina. I have the character of keeping my promises, and without fear of being accused of boast ing, I declare that you and yours will very soon be in my hands. Redact, then, and act as you please. I will not recognise you any longer as a soldier, but as a veritable amain, and as such entire Europe will regard you. The /tabs gives the following as the text of the speech made by Francis 11. in reply to an address from General de Goyon : General,—When I abandoned Naples I felt at the time that my kingdom was lost. In defending it subsequently on the banks of the Volturno and Garigliano, and in abutting myself up in Gaeta, my role idea was to maintain as fer as I could the honour of the army, of my country, and my family. As a soldier I think I have fulfilled this duty, and lam proud of it. And now, forgetting all the authors of so much misery, I will bear is my memory only my brave companions in arms, who have sacrificed everything, 1 and whom I regret to be obliged to leave. (azurces TURIN, MONDAY. The (pinion says :—" There is no truth in the statement that negotiations had been entered into with Rome. The tendencies now prevailing at at Rome would render any arrangements difficult." ROME, Yawn 9. The speech of Prince Napoleon in the French Senate has produced great enthusiasm. A subscription has been opened among the in habitants of Rome with the object of presenting a token of their gr►titude to the Prince. POLAND. POSEN, SONDAT. Funeral ceremonies took place iu all the churches of Warsaw yesterday. The exchange was closed. The town Militia, composed of citizens to the number of 440 men, maintained public order with out the concurrence of the police. Tranquillity has been nowhere disturbed. The Emperor's reply to the address is awaited with great anxiety. POSEN SATURDAY. Complete tranquillity prevails at Warsaw. 500 citizens and town milituimen alternately patrol the city every night. This morning religious funeral ceremonies took place in all the churches of Warsaw. A judicial inquiry, conducted by a commission composed of Poles and Russians, under the presi dency of General Liprandi, is being impartially carried on. Fresh arrivals of military from all parts of the country continue to take place. Many women are leaving the city and are taking up their quarters in the citadel of Warsaw. The reply of the Emperor to the address is anxiously expected. The city is still in deep mourning. The shop windows oontain nothing but articles of mourning, and the booksellers' windows nothing but black prayer-books. Photographic portraits of those who fell in the late disturbances are sold in great quantities. The burial-ground in which they were all interred has been decorated with a great number of flower wreaths. CRACOW, MARCH 8. The Cuts has received advicea stating that the Bank of Poland has in its keeping Russian bonds belonging to the government, which it is not bound to pay in specie. The government, however, de manded payment of these bonds in hard cash, and on the bank authorities refusing to comply, the bank was surrounded by military, who took the amount required from the metallic reserve. The same journal announoesthat the royal castle has been transformed into barracks. HUNGARY. MTH, HO/CDAT, MARCH 10. Several comitata have energetically pronounced against any representatives being sent by the Diet to the Council of the Empire. The dissatisfaction of the Hungarians has been increased by the decree ordering the assembling of a Servian National Congress at Karlowitz. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, Strimay. Au autograph letter of the Emperor appoints Baron Lichtenfela President of the Council of the State, and orders him to mako propositions for its reorganisation. AGEAM, SUNDAY. MARCH 10. The Sclavonian inhabitwita of Dalmatia have addressed a petition to the Emperor praying for the incorporation of their province with Croatia, in order that they may be protected againat the Ita lian portion of the inhabitants, which the Sclavu nians declare endeavours to exerciao a tyrannical influence over them. RUSSIA. iii.PETIERBBUItO, SATURDAY. The ICruperor of Russia has conferred on Francis 11. and his Queen the military order of St. George. Prince Paskiewitch will be the bearer of the insignia of the ordor. FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND. BERN E, SATURDAY. The Federal Council halt autliorhiedtheGiss minister at Paris to commence negotiations for the conclusion of a treaty of commerce between France and Switserlautl. It seems that amongst the five victims who were shot at WILIWW, there was only one Roman catholic. Of the others, two belonged to the German Lutheran Church ; one, a landed proprietor, wee a member of the Reformed Church ; and the other was a student of the Greek chnnsh. The Countess de Persiguy has arrived in Paris from &gland. AUSTRIA. It is not in Hungary only thnt the last conatity• tional reforms conceded by the Austrian govern. meut have been coldly received. The Venetian population appear equally insensible to the promises made by the imperial statutes. This intelligence arrives, not through Italian channels, which might be suspected, but is published in the Trieste Gazette. The Austrian journalist says :—"The promulgation of the constitution has produced no effect ' • the hopes of the country, as might be expected, are turned in a very different direction." However, a deputation is now being organised at Venice to pro. teed to Vienna, to make the Emperor acquainted with the wishes of Venetia, and give a faithful report of the state of things there. The podeatat, Count Bembo, is to head the deputation. "The accounts which reach us from &rein,' says the Cologne Gazette, " present the situation a a very unfavourable light. Everybody is arming, as if a campaign were about to commence to-mee. row ; and on the frontiers defensive works are beia; thrown up, owing to the assembling of Turkk troops in the vicinity." A Vienna letter says : On the list of hindowners qualified to elect representative to the Diet of Lower Austria, ere the names of the ei. Emperor Ferdinand, the Empress-Dowager Caroline, th Archduke Francis Charles, and the Archdukes Alber. Leopold, Ernest, Sigismund, and Louis, of the impen.: family. PRUSSIA. The Prussian Chambers have commenced the discussion of the bill for subjecting all landed pro. petty, whether belonging to nobles or others, to uniform tax. Equality in taxation does not yet exist in Prussia, and it meets with strong oppose tion, not only in the Chamber of Nobles, but even in that of the Deputies. A letter from Berlin, of the 6th, states that no bill on Ministerial responsibility will be presented to the Chambers this year. A measure of the kind had been submitted to the King by the Minister el Justice, but the idea now appears to be given up. HUNGARY. The following circular was addressed from Pari., on Saturday, by Generals Klapka and Turr to their countrymen : PARN, MARCH 9. It has oome to oar knowledge that Austrian agents mese to take advantage of the coming elections to provoke I pre' mature movement in Hungary. We fulfil a duty in WlTl3inc our countrymen of these manteuvres, and we entreat them to use their utmost efforts to frustrate the scheme. . rising in Hungary ►t the present moment might compromise all our most legitimate hopes. We are nertiOn that no)...iy will doubt the patriotic sentiments which guide as in offering this advice. We are persuaded that ell fellow• labourers in the work of the ile'iversoce of our stiffens; country, whether at home or abroad, will agree with c 4 when we say, that we must reserve our forces intact for the moment when more favourable circumstances will bold out a sufficient chance of success to justify an extreme resell' Lion on the part of the nation. GEORGIC KLAPC* , Emma. Trait. tho PR I. II 4), C3 „ N ci. A .y roLlO .aya NN :_ S „ Pr ing li. v — icuw A PArix Emow lett e e l i vis in scarcely less prompt than the Ernrwmr Napoleon in 0.n../le tulatieg the Prince, his eon-in-law, on his suttees in Senate. The following is riven as the text of the telecrlb' despatch addressed by his Sardinian M.ijesty to the Prix , ' —' I have just read your splendid speoth, and I thank in the name of Italy and in my own." A solemn requiem wan sung on Friday, at St. Aalrew's Catholic Church. Newcastle, for the souls of the unfortniate persons slain in the streets Warsaw Russian soldiery. 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