The Express. — London, England, 1861-01-03 00:00:00

STOLE N K 188E8 awl BOX-HIS-EAR& Ms age reeve henna Mr MU. Mai ael WM. I. XVI CABINICT and CPHOLRTERY I , I7RNITURE Nit Ant lealty N HS, W C. itilloaltAtillaT. Hue. 4. Our Mover's Tlfttre. H•RMOIfIUMB—NEW MODEL.— MUM BUM ao.l 0. tot liageounesig. T. JA MES'S HALL RESTAURANT, memos. ri vi L11.1..1y1, tor Pnaellet UAW. tilotoranora PIN. DONAU), Progenitor. gtr Orpretio. !O_Cfpgal6TrlN DEN ;;. ' Laudon /Testae I MOTIZVI d eIe MIN. W. bug worleeirett, by 1 Ire ILITMU EL tinotewl. %Ili Mlle% TrOINVVItk Sir. Pock. rpoar Inds haws 141,11.4. Iles. c IntrwiMun %.1 KEN LAM BIRD A‘D NEI mummy, • et. Illarliviht sum/ • New wine, liffieT tar. Thallachwapk, Illr Y.Wrlght. Wrl We•brt Pll Mmes. re,, ETIOIO4. llNene thane{ she J. a. N.. Ik. Welk OM Mies C. Lek Irene 1101111N*Ett rat mot aimi The It iss el the hertlehee t theses. %hes. Iligrese II Mr. A. rwlet• a. JAMINTI: ►en iTZUFS. TIC FILIfOr %T. TW►R Mw►. A Viimui rood ►buet —Asoo aziralraroo.mao en L% In 4 IWO or, I lor %outfit► MI t►dll'Md Int t►rMuon Mars Tams lad `rr► . 11111. r Caw* 111•6•14. & Ilasser. PatTANNIA, Tone Mom Tont TII Y. 1114.• tinseetopperae.l the Glee VI ant .4 o.lse. W °eau ..I.le. Hewn. not, Peery. Jews lama. Mehl. am 4 %.,h... 11 111.• C, Weph.m. MA S. Lew. W, Il7easfunl.-eA44 • ll A.. MOM WATZI AT LONDON BRIDGE.. Tem Mt —llendurn, alt. Me Alterman. M. -7 m. Twassaur—Manift. 7h. la Attentom. I. _+l.. LONDON, THURSDAY, JAN. 3. Kim; Frederick William IV. of Prussia, whose mental mod physical tot/dation has made him for the last year or two the object of the couspession ..f Al Europe, has at length been mercifully with drawn from this earthly some. As the acts of his twit yeah of government cannot he justified, the duty of candour to the dead may be best discharged by reiiesiug the groom', of excuse which may he allegod iu hw behalf ; and the pence.s may be useful, as y ieldinlp warnings to his successors, who are neovueirily subject to some of the liabilities which nook the public career of the deceased Ki n as contemptible as the opinion .f the whole world declare" it b. i.e. Every Prussian monarch :wends the throne umier the evil condition that the Prussian State in its pre sent form is a wholly artificial our. Why the Prussia of our geographies exists as an Suropeau State, uo one seems able to say. There are no natural n4llollll like thone of structure and conformation. On the map, Prussia looks like the Mr. Nobody of the Nursery—all limbs and no trunk—all outline and no mass. Never before was there such a frontier to such a paucity of square miles. The natural weakness of Prussia in a terri torial sense, is n neat depressing oundition in the furtunes of its ruler. The population u as much an aggregation of shreds and patches as their abode. There is no dominating sense of unity among them, and the heir of any throne which is hued on a Lame rubble of popular materials, instead of ou a sound nationality, is much to be pitied. Prussia in her present limits is an artificial state, constructed for the convenience of other states ; and it cannot be well governed, nor its rulers prosperous, till some one of them shows genius of that high order which can create • na tionality by animating all hearts by a common im pulse. The man who can kindle such a tire of • patriotism as will consume all the discrepancies which make Prussia the political riddle of the world, may make her a lend fide state, and bring her into some capacity of being well governed ; but this was not dose ready to the hand of Frederick William IV. ; and ho was not the man to do it ; and whether any man can do it is as yet question able. Thus far, therefore, to say that any King of Prussia has not made • good ruler is simply to say that he was not a genius of the highest order ; and it would be hard to blame any man for that. Again, the late King wan horn iu 1796 ; and, during the most impressible years of his life he warn' in the s.onstant habit of hearing of the protracted learn, with short alternations of hope, in which the princess of Germany lived during the brilliant yearn ' of Bonaparte's sway. The boy lived in au atmo sphere of panic. He was ten years old when the Prussian court wail trimming between Bonaparte and Alexander of RUM* and keeping England quiet, and Mr. Pitt exhilarated, by promises of ' alliance; while the only certainty in the case was that Prussia, having deceived all parties, would be punished by whichever of them should be victinous. The boy 44 eleven must have shared moo or less in the distress of his parents and the court when the true object of the Confederacy of the Rhine was revealed, and when it was discovered that Prussia was despised by every government in Europe, and delivered up by them all to the mere rapacity of France. He Bed with his parents when the French swept on towards Berlin, and he never forgot the misery of renewing the flight with every fresh arrival of bed news till they reached Memel, and held themselves ready for exile beyond the frontier. There news was ince.. isatit/y arriving of the seizure of fortissimos! stores by the enemy, and at length that seven of the ministers of state had sworn allegiance to Bona parte . He probably witnessed that pathetic sixne between his parents and the Czar Alexander at ' Memel, in the next April, when they embraced, and kissed, and mingled t hei r tears, and promised each other to devote their lives to the task of humbling their foe. Ile probably witmcseed, too, tbe beha viour .1 the exar to his parents at Tthut, but a few week. afterward., when his father was insulted in his daily r u les, in the face of the aesseabled multitude, by the two Emperors, and when Napoleon quailed before the indignation and grief of the stunted mother of this twelve-year old boy— au early instructed in the instability of slates, and the folly .4 putting trust a princes. It wee a ins lancle.ly childhood, it must be owned ; but, in the meld of our cospeasion, we cannot but wish that the isoy had learned to shun instead of to follow the example of untrustworthy princes. When he returned to Berlin, his father's singularly pathetic proclviristion, releasing the inhabitants of his lust trireme. from their allegiance, was everywhere before his eyes and the French language was everywhere in his ears, from the French garrisons, who-li were stationed all over the country. But he was .till very young when the cheering rally took place which showed what the people were made of, and opened some brightness of pnspect to their future King. His father sent him into the field while be was yet too young for command. He had studied military science under Scharnhonst and Know beck ; and be was present in most of the great battles of 1813 and 1814. He had been meantime instructed in philonophy MIMI literature, which suited him much better than practical military twittery. He had not nerve, practical judgment, or Jaya/ion enough for action ; yet he mud have been endowed with some high qualitira, for his tutor, Niebuhr, when the royal pupil was nineteen, declared that he never wet with a finer uature. It is true, Niebuhr speaks more of feeling and fancy than of principle and judgment, but be declares him full of the eehled gifts of nature. The "dream " of the Crown Prince in those days (and there was never a time when he did not dream) was of being the ruler of Creme, "in order to wander among the ruins, dream, and excavate." What a pity that he was born to the thron e of Prussia! He was a member of the Council of State when the question of the time Was the granting of a par liamentary representation. it was a bed training for him to have heard the reasons fur giving a con prirueioa, if reasons there were, or to have seen what was yielded to fear, if fear W 3 ,1 the cau* of the promise ; anal then to have witnexxxd th.e long delay, and the final breach of promise un the part THE. XXERESS, THURSDAY .EVRITMG, JANUARY 3, VIB6I. - of his father, which must have deeply injured either his principles or his sensibilities. Erin Nie buhr, who di/dated the movements oa behalf of popular freedom, never, in the days of hiehiegiest and latent censervatisui, pretended to e. tenauce the conduct of the Princes of Germany, who pro mised constitittines, and then withdrew or never bestowed them. The late Kiug seemed, however, radically unable to understand what the purpolie of a coutitution really was. He mid he would never allow a hit of paper to interpose between bin, and his people ; and he evidently thought that team, soil kiwis of the band, and processions and demoustra tieue in the serrete, were of far more weight and efficacy than coustitutional provisiou. He saw inscribed in the statute hook his father's promise in 1815 to devehli the uatioual representation, as soon as peace should be wowed ; awl liti heard his father lab in 1817, and thentmfurth at in tervals till 1840, that not every time is the right time ; and that he hail never mentioned the date at which he would do it. Stich was the political training of the Crown Prince. It is no wonder that when he had mar ried, in 1$?, a Bavarian princess, he turuwl from politics to art, literature, and speculative philo sophy. Niebuhr, on retnniing from Rome, met him again, a year after this marriag e , and thought him ' improved beyond description —with a mind full of knowledge, and a heart full of hue sensibilities. Yet at this time the Crown Prime', notion of Euro pean politic. comprehended little more than the old jealousy of Austria ; and the worship of Russia, as the mily stout bulwark against Austrian supremacy. There were occasional paroxysms of fear of tyro lutien in 18d0, for imitative, and whenever reform was anywhere heard oil ; and there were occasional serapes, arising teen nieddlinge with protestant sects, or getting Into quarrels with the Pope and the clergy—scrapes got into by the third Frederick, and affording a curious train ing for the fourth of the name ; but, on the whole, the Prince lived for art and literature, for dreams and Neutiment, till he came to the throne in 1840. His presence iu this country in the beginning of 1842, and his far-famed breakfast with Mrs. Fry, awl the high hope and laudation thereby created atuoug the Quakers, are remembered by oust of our generation. He came over to st.wd sponsor to our Primal of Wales. He had just dour a good act in issuing an amnesty for political offences, and in recalling the Grimm, Pro fessor Arndt of Bonn, and other scholars who had been driven abroad, or displaced from their functions for political reasons. His minister at our court was theft the Chevalier Bunsen ' whose poli tics were inure liberal than his own ; his apparent intention was to give his people their promised parliament ; and nothing had occurred since he became king to test the genuine worth of his sen timents ; at. that he was welcomed at our court, and I in 'some degree by the nation, as something more than a political ally. The thought was in ninny Iminds that there ought hereafter be intermarriages between royal children in our country and in his • between our Queen's children and his nephews anti nieces (for he was himself childless). If times hail continued quiet, and there hail been no trouble some peoples to perplex royalties, such a friendship and such schemes might have prospered : but the nineteenth century is one which de mands awl imposes action ; and the exposure of the weakness of the poor King of Prussia, caused by the events of 1848, left no option to any who knew him about respecting or despising him. Ministers, friends, family, people could not help being ashamed of their muter, friend, relative, ori sovereign, after knowiug the true story of March, 1848. Those who saw him in the streets of Berlin on the 21st of that March had no more hope of him. There bad been passages in his conduct, from the day of his accession ' which had reminded historical politicians of the Stuart., though the likeness was " with • difference." No Stuart would have spon taneonsly promised the people, however vaguely, that their privileges should be confirmed and their institutions developed ; and the King did this, nu occesion of his sentimental journey through his dominions after his father's death. But when the states of Prussia Proper took hire at his word, mid thanked him for his purpoee of fulfilling the pro mises of his father, he backed out of his engagements in true Stuart style. From the time of his letter to the States, repri mantling them for their expectation, his poli— tical reputation was gone. Is is true he called together the provincial &tides at Berlin in 1847 • but that was because lie could not help it. He had impoverished himself by the vast military expen diture by which he hoped to keep down the people and secure to himself the support of a great army, and he had given away money with both hands to Don Carlos and other hopeful followers of the Stuart example. And he wanted something else besides mealy. He was more thin-skinned than the Stuarts, and he was wretched under the con tempt and dislike of his people. The parliament of 1847 was his method of recovering his popu larity, and he boasted of having conceded all manner of valuable things, while begging the estates to observe that he had "not surrendered one right of his crown." Well, as his game of seesaw was now understood, his " beloved Ber liners" were really surprised at his proclamation of the 18th of March, 1848, whereby he appeared to put himself in the very front of the revolutionists of Europe. His proposal to abolish the confede ration of German States, and all the restrictions imposed by that scheme, and to constitute one German federal state, was almost as confounding to his own eourt as it must have been to Austria. The citizens assembled before his palace tocheer him for his concessions ; but, unfortunately, the soldiery were brought up by the King's order ; and, unable to bear some popular jeers, they rude in among the crowd, and killed above sixty persons. The groan ing and moaning proclamation of the King on the occasion declared that the sabres were meant to be sheathed, sad that the gun. of the infantry went off of themselves. That proclamation was not the only address to the "beloved Berliners." The same dedication was inscribed in chalk by night over the bullet sent into a poet in the square by use of those guns, no doubt, which went off of themselves. The next morning was that on which the King and Queen were compelled by the assembled friends of the murdered citizen to come down iuto the courtyard of the palace, and with uncovered heads to view the corpses, andi be told that they beheld their own work. There was some difficulty in get ting the Queen down ; but her visitors would not depart without seeing her. Her husband trembled as excessively es she did. But it was not this which overthrew the last remains of respect in the minds of manly observers. It was the demeanour of the King on the 21st, whim be rode through the streets of the city, and pro yoked the universal remark that he had lost his senses. He kissed his hand and gesticulated like a madman, forswore all personal alms and desires, called Heaven to witness, in the attitude of taking an oath, that he desired nothing but the unity of Germany and the supremacy of popular interests. He declared that he added another to the list of mighty princes and dukes who had carried the banner of freedom at the head of the nation ; and 1 that liberty and propels were the one thought that I filled his mind. He liberated the Polish and other state prisoners, and declared that this day would be the great day of Prussia in future ; and in one sense, the last ; as the name of Prussia should henceforth merge in that of Germany. He said nothing of wbo was to be emperor of this united Germany ; but there were plenty of con temptuous spectators who saw that he intended to be carried into that seat of power on the shoulders of insurrectionary Germany. He (h -awed that the people of Berlin had behaved so nobly and generously towards him as the population of no other city in the world would have done. Yet in another year he called (by the month of his minister) this movement " a street riot, disgraceful to Berlin and Prussia," and bad already committed himself to the strong though shallow current of a reantionary policy, checked now and then by his hankering after the Imperial crown, which he fancied t 9 be indicated by en old monk ish prophecy as reserved for him. Before the Eastern question took form, and brought in new complications, be sympathised with Austria in dread:of revolution, and in precautionary and re- Ipreseive measures, which seemed to him the hatred Id his beloved Berliners ; while his oeseinmal senti mental snatches at the crown of federal Oeimany prevented any cordial friendship with Almeria. In this kind of employment, varied by continual attempts to retain the name of a parliament and a' ' press while not permitting the real existence of either, and by worshipping Russia, and meddling with religion, and fiddle-faddling with art, litera ture, military shows, and demonstrations of other sorts, the feeble King filled up the interval between his escapade of 1848 and the full development of the Eastern question. In one of his characteristics the deceased King W 11.4 unlike the Stuarts ; and thin quality would have entitled him to deep and pare compassion, if it had not been defiled by a bad eshnixture. His fair family affections so implicated him with Russia that all possible allowance would have been made for him in his difficulties during the great Rus • mien war, if his fair family attachments had not been implicated with his unfair ambition and jealousy with regard to Austria. The difficulty of his posi tion wax indeed extreme. His people feared and abhorred Russiawhile every affection and sentiment of his own disposed him in favour of the Romanoffs, with whom his sister had become one. He did the worst thing possible in that hard position • for duplicity is the lowest resource of : and, ha rd an :mint have been his sacrifices in any course, the sacri ficed his integrity and royal good faith is that which the.nioat lenient must find it most difficult to make allowance fur. He was sufficiently punished— punished by the lone of that public opinion of Europe which his vanity craved, by the contempt of the Czar, whieh was revealed by the Secret Cone hipondence between Nicholas and the British go veruineut, by his own exclusion from the hseincils of the Allies, and by the indignation of hie own people, which would hare dethroned him if he had ruled over any but unpractical Germans. There is little doubt that it coat him his life, for he seems to have sunk under his pain of mind. In this country great injustim has been done to the late King in respect of his personal habits—and especially about the nature and amount of his in temperance. With irritable nerves and a feeble brain, he was in a manner intoxicated by every sort of stimulus, as well as by wine. He wee drunk at the spftlacle of a moving work of art, at the sound of acclamations or exe ' orations in the streets, at every one of the scenes which he was so fond of getting up ; at pious letters from the Russian wart, or at milting one himself ; at being called " the angel of pesos" by the Czar Nicholas ; and at the exhibition of the Czar's old uniform ; at everything which in any way stimulated has sensibilities. He was truly pitiable in his latter days. He had alienated his best friends and servants ; and when Bunsen, and Usedom, and Humboldt held aloof from him, after long forbear ance, he found himself dependent on a Mantentrel, a Gerlach, and a Niebuhr—fit comrades of the Russian creatures who swarmed at his court. He could scarcely keep on decent terms with his brother and his brother's son—his two next suc cessors. He was nicknamed by every court in Europe •, and cursed, as he knew, by his people, to whom he had promised the rank of a first-class European nation. He who above all men craved sympathy on every hand, found himself a despised outcast in the crisis which an able monarch would have employed for the establishment of has king dom in a higher position than it bad ever held. He rail pitiable as every maim is who finds him self in the wrong place, and has no power to get into a fitter. He was not " a square man in a round hole and so far was he from being what the Germans so prize, a " many-aided" man, that he was not even that fewest-sided thing, a triangle in a square hole. If he had been a private citizen, he might, with his sensibility, his cultivation, and his intellectual tastes, have led a blameless, and perhaps a bene ficent and happy life. He could not have been even a country gentleman, in the continental sense, because his deficiency of will must have caused failure in the very smal lest f unction of administration; but as an opulent citizen, with his library, and chapel, and music-room, and museum of antiquities, he might have fulfilled the anticipations of his old tutor, Niebuhr ; but evil was the destiny which made him a ruling Prince in our revolutionary nineteenth century. One good may live after him. He may serve as a warning to his successors. It is to be hoped that they are not Stuarts too—unable to take warning. The time for Stuarts will soon be over on the Con tinent as completely as it has long been in England. The Prussian people are so deficient in political education that their political qualities have as yet been of no use to them : but the qualities exist, and the training will come, in one fashion or another. They will not let their Princes play fast and loose with them for ever. nor allow their loyalty and generosity to be made their snare in the future as they have in the peat. Sbe Court. ___•__ WINDSOR CASTLE, JAL 1. The royal dinner party yesterday included the Prince of Wales, the Princess Alice, the Prince and Princess of Leininpn, the Her. Lord and Lady Wriotheeley Rural. lady Caroline Barrington, Major-General the Hon. R. and Yrs. Bruce, the Hon. Mn. O. Grey, Colonel the Has. Sir C. and Lady Phipps, Min Phipps, the Lean of Windsor and the Hon. Mrs. Wellesley, the Hon. Mn. T. M. Biddnlph, Mr. Russell, Lieutenant-Colonel Keppel, Major Elphinstone, R.E., Mr. Woodward, and the Right Hon. Sir Charles Wood, who arrived on a visit in the afternoon. Inconsequence of the alarming accounts rewired by tele gram of the state of the King of Prussia, the military and private bands did not play. The Queen and Prince Consort, accompanied by the Prince of Wales, Princess Alice, Prince Arthur, Prince Leopold, and the Primmest' Helena, Louise, and Beatrice, left Wind sor by a specie' train for Osborne, about a quarter before it o'clock this morning. In attendance were the Countess of Gainsborongh, the Hon. Lucy Kerr, the Hon. Mary Bulteel, Colonel the Hon. Sir C. Phipps, Colonel the Hon. A. N. Hood, Colonel Pousouby, Lieutenant-Colonel Koppel, Major Elphinstone, R.E., and the Master of the Household. Sir Chirlee Wood apatite Honourable Mrs. R. Bruce have taken their departure. The Queen received very early this morning a telegram an nouncing the melancholy news of the death of the King of Prussia, forwarded by the present King. Despatches were received at the Colonial-office yesterday from the Governor of British Columbia. ARRIVAL OF THE COURT AT OSBORNE. PORTSMOUTH. J. 2. Her Majesty and the Prince Consort, accompa nied by the royal family, arrived at Clarence.yard, Gosport, this afternoon, at five minutes past one o'clock, and em barked on board the Fairy screw yacht, Captain the Hon. Joseph Denman, en route to Osborne. On her Majesty's arrival at Clarence Yanl the royal standard was saluted by the Victory and St. Vincent. and on the Fairy'. leaving the harbour with the royal standard dying she was saluted by the garrison battery and the ships at Spithead, consist. ing of the Algiers, 90, screw, Captain George W. O'Calla ghan ; Trafalgar, 90, screw, Captain Edward G. Fanshawe ; and Diadem, 32, screw, Captain Jams* H. Cockburn. The Major-General Lord Paulett, Vice-Admiral Henry W. Bruce, commander-in-chief, Rear-Admiral John Elphin stone Erskine, and a guard of honour, were at Clarence Yard waiting her Majesty's arrival. The court arrived at Osborne at a quarter-past two o'clock. THE PRINCE OF WALES' VISIT TO THE UNITED STATES. (From the New Yont Heroht.) The following important oorrespondence han juet pared between our government sad Great Britain, through Loyd Lyons, the British Moister. It explains itself, and will be read by every American with pride and pleasure LATEST I#4I4IGENCE. iew4ol. PARIS, THURPIDAT MOILVING. TM Moniteur contains decrees appointing M. Michel Chevalier Grand Officer and M. ltecayrac- Delanture Commander of the Legion of Honour. In its daily political review, the Moniteur states that financial events in foreign countries have in fluenced the French money market in a manner to be regretted, but declares the report that the French government is under the necessity of having recourse to a new loan to be without any founda tion. The Moniteur also states that the amount of Treasury Bonds does not at tho present moment ex ceed 75,000,000 fr. ALLEGED ENCROACHMENT Off PUBLIC EIGHTS AT mromaArs. Yesterday afternoon, at a meeting of the St. Pan cras Representative Vestri, the subject of au attempt about to be made to close au soriesit public foot•path, ading from the end of Swain ' s -law, at all foot of High le gate.hill, to Highgate.ehurch, wee brought under consideration, end memorials were presented on the subject. Mr. Churchwarden CARTES occupied the chair, and a re• port was read from the Highways, Sewen, and Public Worka Oommittee, stating that the committee had taken into eon sidemtion • letter which had been received from Miss Bar. dett Coat* calling upon the reetr7 to doom up a lane called Love-lane, or Drainages-lane, ilighgute ; that the com mittee, having also viewed the locality, recommended that the foot-pith should not be closed or abandoned, Wes a right of way for the public, but that it should he properly re paired and drained, for which they had directed the sur veyor to prepare estimates. Two memorials were preessited, one from the immobile* ad curate of St. Michael's, Highgate, and soother from the incumbent and some forty or fifty of the inhabitants of fit Ana's, fitooktiold, stating that the lane known as " Bro. asagee-lane," or Love-lane, leading from the north end of Kentialt-town by Swain's-lane to Highgate, was of an me or benefit to the inhabitants, but for some years past had been the resort of improper characters, and from the immoralities practised there a great nuisance ; that there ware Dermal schools in the neighbourhood, including the endowed public school of Sir Roger Cholineadeley f and as allow* the lane to remain open only tended to immorality and was of no public benefit, the memorialists submitted that instead of say parish money being spout thereon, it should be at ma closet Mr. &L AS TAYLOR said be lad • memorial to present, which was aged by the whole of the clergy of Kentish tows sad the worthase distriele, by twenty members of that based, andiby wards of three hundred ratepayers al H rpte and Kewbth-town, praying the vestry not to lieges to the sitempt to close this right of way against the public. The semeerialiets Mated that, understanding an attempt wee being; grade to stop up the foot-path (known as 66 walk"( leading across the fields from Swain's heal* they urged the vestry not to sanction, under the plea litim having occurred there (but which was dented by the polioel, so unjust an encroachment on the rights of the public, closing, as it would, one of the few retired and rural walks still left in the neighbourhood of the metropohs, and debarring the inhabitants of ours owded streets and thoroughfares from seeking within so acesesible a distance of their own dwallinga that fresh air and healthy exercise which would thus be lost to them for ever. He moved that this memorial be rcoeived and entered upon the minutes. Mr. C. Oulu seconded the motion, which was carried. Mr. DOOOLAN said there could be no doubt this was public right cif way. He could remember it himself GO years alp. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Heinen said the subject was an important one, and he moved that all the memorials be taken into ootunderation when the estimates were brought up. This was sepaded and amid unanimously. Among the English families of rank palming the winter at Nice are—the Earl sad Countess Delawarr, Lesd and Lady Hatherton, the Marquis and Marchioness of Lothian and Lady Gertrude Talbot, the Marchioness (Dow. ager) of Lothian and Lady Alice Herr, Sir Hobert and Lady Emily Peal sad Lady Jana Hay, ke. " His Grace " of Tuain is out with a now year's gift, in the shape of an epistle to Lord Palmerston, hi which, in "his usual able and trenchant style," as re of his flatterers has it, he calls the premier and, through the premier, the British nation, to account for a vast accumu lation of public sins. Government, be rys, are terrified out of their seven senses by the monster national petition, and kis has somehow found out that Lord Palmerton and Lord John are the reverie of cordial colleagues since the latter brought that Herculean difficulty upon the shoulders of a ministry that required no artificial troubles to emble m their position. LITTER O► LORD LYORR. Washington, Dec. 8, 1960. Sir,—The Queen, my august sovereign, has commanded that the earliest opportunity after the return of the Prince of Wales to England be taken to convey to the President of the United States the expression of her Majesty's thank. for the cordial reception given to his Royal Highness during his late visit to this country, by the President himself and by all classes of the citizens. One of the main objects which her Majesty had in view in sanctioning the visit of his Royal Highnees, was to prove to the President and citizens of the United States the sincerity of those sentiments of esteem and regard which her Majesty and all classes of her subjects entertain for the kindred race which occupies so distinguished a position in the community of nations. Her Majesty has seen with the greatest satisfaction that her feelings and those of her people in this respect have been met with the warmest sympathy in the great Amer'. can Union ; sod her Majesty trusts that the feeling of con fidence and affection—the existence of which late events hare proved beyond all question—will long continue to pre vail between the two countries, to their mutual advantage and to the general inteiests of civilization and humanity. I am commanded to state to the President that the Queen would be gratified by his making known generally to the citizens of the roiled States her grateful sense of the kind ness with which they received her son, who has returned to England deeply impressed with all he saw during his pro gress through the States, but more especially so with the friendly and cordial good will manifested towards him on every occasion by all classes of the community. I have the honour to be, with the highest consideration, Sir, your most obedient humble servant, LYONS. The Hon. Lewis Cass, &c. ?Hit IMPLY. Department of State, Washington, Dee. 11, 1860. My Lord,—l have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your note of the Bth inst., in which you have conveyed to this government the expression of her Britannic Majesty's thanks for the cordial reception given to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales during his late visit to this country by the President and by all classes of the citizens, and of her Majesty's wish that ker grateful sense of the courtesies extended to her son may be made known generally to the citizens of the United Eltiaten I am instructed by the President to express the gratifi cation with which he has learned how correctly her Majesty has appreciated the spirit in which his Royal Highness' was received throughout the republic, and the eordial manifestation of that spirit by the people of the United States which accompanied him in every step of 11;4 Mimic Her Majesty has jastly recognised that the ♦isit of her son aroused the kind and generous sympathies of our citi zens, and, If I may so speak, has crested an almost personal interest in the fortunes of the royalty which he so well re presents. The President trusts that this sympathy and in terest towards the future representative ci ths sovereignty of Great Britain is at once an evidence and a guarantee of that consciousness of common interest and mutual raped which have in the past, and will in the future, bind together more strongly than treaties the feeling and the fortunes of the two nations which represent the enterprise, the civilization, the constitutional liberty of the same great race. I have also been instructed to make this cortespoodence public, that the citizens of the United Mates may have the satisfaction of knowing how strongly and properly her Ma jesty has appreciated the cordial warmth of their welcome to his royal highness. I have the honour to be, my lord, with high considers. Lion, your lordship's obedient servant, Wm. Hmtay Tuscore, Assistant-Secretary. Her Majesty the Queen and hia Royal Highness the Prince Consort have just forwarded through Colonel the Hon. Sir C. B. Phipps a donation of 150/. towards the fund. of the Reformatory and Refuge Union, which appears to hare extended its ramifications all over the United Kingdom. Her Majesty Queen Victoria, in grateful remem brance of the escape of the Prince Consort from the &a prom accident which betel his royal highness during the remit visit of the Queen to Coburg, has forwarded a sum of money which is to be devoted towards the foundation of a charitable institution in that place, A Berlin letter, of Monday, says :—" Prince Alfred (of England) has not appeared much in public since hi. arrival in Berlin, but he spent nearly the whole of the time in the company of the Prince and Princess Frederic William at their town palace. On Saturday, however, his royal highness enjoyed the sport of skating with Prince Frederic William at Shandant, and in the afternoon was present at a grand dinner given by the Prince Regent and the Princess of Prussia, at which the Prince and Princess Frederic William were also present. Yesterday his royal highness went to the palace of Sans- Send at Potsdam, and this morning left Berlin at half•past 7 for Ooburg, where his royal highness' will per some days." The Prussian Minister and the Countess Bern storff, who had been staying on a visit to the Earl and Counter of 01nrendon, at The Gro►e, returned to town yesterday morning, on the receipt of the melancholy intel ligence of the death of the King of Prussia. The Earl of Sandwich has been entertaining a succession of visitors at Hinchingbrook, his seat in Hun tingdonshire, during the festive season. The Countess Dowager of Macclesfield and Lady Louisa Parker have arrived at Howchin's Hotel, from their seat, Eynsham Hall, Oxfordshire. PRUSSIA. The Prtussian Moniteur publishes a decree con voking a meeting of the two Chamfers at Berlin on the 14th instant. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, THURSDAY.. The official Wiener Zeitung announces that, in consequence of the death of the King of Prussia, the Austrian court will go into mourning for four weeks. Both the court theatres will remain closed to-day by imperial orders. The Wiener Zeitung also says :—" We are autho rised to declare all reports of the retirement of Count Rechberg from the ministry to be totally un founded." RUSSIA. A correspondent of the Nord, of to-day, writing from St. Petersburg, refers to an important ques tion now being agitated in Russia. It relates to the recall of soldiers now on unlimited leave to their several standards, in order to have ready, at the period of the promulgation of the abolition of serfdom, a force for preserving order and pre venting complications. The objection urged against this measure is the enormous expense it will entail. " Whatever course is taken," says the Nord, " the Russian government does not intend to delay the publication of the great act so im patiently expected, and the imperial manifesto, which will announce this social revolution, will appear definitively on the 3rd of March, two weeks later, that is, than the period originally fixed." ST. PETERSBURG, JAIL 2. A new Russian loan, amounting to 100,000,000 of silver roubles, has been contracted and com pletely raised by subscription among the merchants and other classes of the inhabitants of Russia. BOLOGNA. The Opinions of Turin states that several assas sinations which have lately occurred at Bologna excite the greatest indignation in that city, and that a numerous crowd accompanied to the church the body of a young man named Guidi, who had been murdered on the threshold of his father's house. Some intention was manifested of making a public demonstration against the questor (prefect of police), who was accused of neglecting his important duties, but wiser counsels prevail ing, an address was presented to him, signed in the course of a few hours by upwards of 7,000 persons. This address sets forth that, in consequence of the crimes which for a long time past have disgraced the town of Bologna, the population have been thrown into a state of alarm and consternation which is no longer to be tolerated ; and that, consequently, the citizens, all sincere friends of order, anxious to rid themselves of men who are at open war with society,request the authorities to take stringent measures for the repression of crime, and to apply to the Minister of the Interior for extra ordinary powers. The syndic, on receiving the address, assured the deputation that he entirely concurred in the sentiments expressed, and would immediately forward the address to the Minister of the Interior, with a special recommendation on his part. Since then, the minister, Commander Min ghetti, has been at Bologna himself, as already stated, and conferred on the subject with the King, whom he met there. THE ARREST OF COUNT TELEKI. DRESDEN, JAN. 2. The Oteial Dresden Journal, in reply to the article of the Wiener Zeitung on the arrest of Count Teleki, states that the Austrian government had announced the approaching arrival of Count Teleki to the Saxon government, and on the day of his arrest already demanded his extradition—a request which for some days Saxony delayed acceding to. THE BRAZILIAN AND RIVER PLATE MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, UN. 3. The Royal Mail Company's steamer Magdalena, Captain Woolward, with the above, has arrived. She brings 48 passengers ; specie, 29,8311. ; 16 packages cliamonds, 725 rolls tobacco, 32 bales do., and 154 parcels samples. POLAND. The following letter from St. Petersburg, dated December 21, announces that considerable excite ment prevails among the population of ancient Po- land : The government hers is much occupied with the de spatches lately received, which announce considerable ex. citement among the population of the slave provinces of Turkey and of Austria. The reforms and the concessions made to the Hungarians by the Austrian government have peoduced oonsiderable excitement among the Poles. They in their turn demand the restoration of all their national rights. The patriots of Posen assembled at the hotel of the Buzzer raised their voice at the tomb of their representa tive, Count Petroweski, in order to give a significant mark of their esteem to their deputies to the Chambers nc Symptoms not less significant are remarked at Cracow, which wu delivered up to Austria by Nicholas. The 611110 feeling is observed throughout Callicia. The newspapers published in the king-loin of Poland—properly so called —dare not mention a word of what is going forward ; but the absence of the nubility at Wilna and at Warsaw during the Emperor Alexander's visit, renders all discussion unnecessary as to the feeling which animates the population of that unfortunate country. Nevertheless, nobody here believes a report, published an the German papers, that the Emperor Alexander is to go to Warsaw next January to reostablish either the constitution guaranteed by the treaties of Vienna, and abolished in the year 1831, or the organic statute which the Emperor Nicholas published in 1ir.32 in place of the constitution. While the Russian go 'eminent appears to disapprove of the sympathy expressed by the Wallachiana for the Italians, public opinion in Rua sirs received with satisfaction the account, published of the good understanding existing between the Rimming and the Italians. It is a curious fact, that while the journal of St. Petersburg, Prince Gortachakors organ, pleads the cause of Francis 11., the Ateille, the Wiedomosti, the Inralide, the Moscow Gazeite, and all the other independent papas, support the cause of Victor Emmanuel, Garibaldi, and Cavour. On the 26th ult. there was a significant demon stration in the theatre at lanspntck. As soon as the cur tain rose the audience, as one man, shouted "Long live the Emperor!" "Long live Schmerliag On hearing this the orchestra played the national anthem, which was sang in chorus by the actors and the occupants of the pit, boxes, and galleries. Some one then made a speech, which was responded to by loud cries of " Long live Schnierling !" and "Liberty for ever (E. Übe die Preikeit !) After the per. formation there was a grand torch procession. in Which the bands of the Kaiser iseivir, and of the burgher and peasant corps took part. EXPRESS FROM PARIS• (raox °us OWN coasseroNDEn.) PARIS, WrIMINSDAT EVENING. I am sorry to say that all the symptoms from which any inference can be deduced in regard to the French Emperor's Italian policy are as unsatis factory as can possibly be. The broad fact only announced to-day, that the Ariege is under orient at Toulon to take out a month's rations to the fleet at Gaeta, corroborates the tone of the latest Turin letters, and shows that if the robust Italian faith in Napoleon 111. is giving way, there is but too much reason for misgiving. The Opinion of De cember 28 complains, in its semi-official article, of mysterious diplomatic manoeuvres against Italian unity, and speaks very boldly of the resolution and power of Italy to be the arbiter of her own destinies, and to frustrate attempts at dictation from whatever quarter they may come. The question is now seriously discussed in Turin whether the reiterated suggestions in favour of a confederation which come from Paris, are still offered by way of advice merely, or are not assuming a more peremptory form, and many politicians incline reluctantly to the latter opinion. Whether Cavour will be finn is also a question anxiously asked. Victor Emmanuel, however, stands committed to Italian unity, and there is no idea that he will give way. It is reputed that he Said to President Lanza, who waited on him at Naples with an address from the Chamber on the occasion of the dissolution, " The independence and unity of Italy may be said to be assured, and this cause will be followed up to its entire accomplish ments" These were well-considered words, and the King means to abide by them. But, then, Louis Napoleon's revived movement for a confederation is all the more alarming. A postscript to • Turin letter of December 18 in the Preset says positively that M. Farini is re called from Naples, and yet that the Prince de Carignan, who had been designated as his suc cessor, had postponed his departure. The Bourse was very much depressed, in conse quence of the absence of anything reassuring in the Emperor's laconic speech to the Corps Diplo matique, and of the rise in the discount of the Bank of France, which, however, was quite ex pected. Notwithstanding the firmness of Consols, the Ratite fell 40c. for cash and 30c. for account, closing at 67fr. lk. and 67fr. 25c. Mobilier fell 15fr. The railways were seriously affected, Orleans falling 10fr. ; Eastern, llfr. 25c. ; Lyons, 7fr. 50c.; Western, 6fr. 25e. ; Northern, 6fr. 25c. ; and Southern, Hr. 25c. The Frew observes upon the material discre pancy between the terms of Count Teleki's release as given iu the Moniteur yesterday and those (doubtless more exact) reported by the Vienna Gazette of this day. According to the Moniteur, Count Teleki made the promise which " his sove reign expected from him," namely, that he would henceforth conduct himself as a "faithful sub• ject." But the Vienna journal says that he merely undertook "to break off his communications with foreign parts, not to leave the Austrian empire, and to abstain from any interference with public affairs." The difference between the two versions is great. I lamented yesterday, with a grief not untempered by incredulity, that the noble Hun garian should have been forced to perform kotow to the sovereign who had disgrace fully kidnapped him. He was represented as having abjured his political convictions, and as having sworn a fidelity to the house of Hapsburg which, up to the moment of his capture at Dresden, he had repudiated. It now appears that, finding himself in the power of his enemy, he has merely laid down his arms ; he ia, in fact, simply a prisoner on parole within the limits of the Austrian empire. There is nothing humiliating to him in this trans action. The Presse is of opinion that the Emperor of Austria has got out of the difficulty " as happily as possible ;" but this is a proposition in which I can only agree upon the assumption that there was some shadow of legality for Count Teleki's extra dition. I have met with several Germans who contend that Saxony was justified by her federal obligations in giving up the Count ; but I do not think that they make out their case. THE UNITED STATES. Attoniey-General Black had been appointed to eucceed General Can, and entered upon hie duties on the 15th ult. The legislature of South Carolina bad succeeded in electing a governor, Colonel Pickens being the successful candidate. " This election," the New York Times says, " may be regarded as somewhat significant, inasmuch as Colonel Pickens is looked upon by the extremists in the state as much too moderate in his principles. It is well known that he strenuously opposed the secession movement until after the election of Mr. Lincoln, when by the sheer feral of the current he was pressed into the movement. His election may be regarded as an anti-revolution victory, as it is generally believed in the state that he will not proceed to extremities until all negotiations and argument with the gene ral government have failed." The New York Times , of the 18th ult., Rays : The South Carolina State Convention called to consider the question of seceding from the Federal Union assembled at Columbia on the 17th. General D. F. Jamison was elected permanent president. A resolution was then pro. posed that when the convention adjourned it should be to meet in Charleston in the afternoon. This was adopted by • lass 'e majority . Nothing else of importance was done. The New ruel; Berad, of the 19th, mays : The delegates of the South Carolina Convention and the members of the legislature arrived at Charleston yeaterds, afternoon, mid were received with mili honours. The convention met at 4 o'clock, and proceeded to business. Nothing, however, of importance transpired beyond this appointment of committees, and the offering of • resolution to ascertain what property the United States claims the ownership of in South Carolina, how it was acquired, sad whether the claim can be enforced after South Carolina shall have seceded. The resolution also calls for informa tics as to the value of such other property as the United States may possess, and the value of the share to which South Chmlina would be entitled on an equitable division. A doccusentriporting to be an gladrags from a portion of the Georgia mature was Lid on the table. The convex. Lion will meet is morning at 11 o'clock. A despatch from Baltimore of the 17th ult. states that finances were greatly depressed. Judge Handy, of Mississippi, commissioner to visit Maryland, had arrived at Baltimore, end pro ceeded to Annapolis ? to confer with Governor Hicks. He said Mississippi would certainly secede unless the Southern states adopt prompt measures fora mutual conference. A petition had been signed by.pearly all the leading business men of Baltimore requesting Governor Hicks to call an extra session of the Maryland legislature to consider upon the crisis. It was believed that the governor must respond to the appeal favourably. A despatch from Toronto announces that the decision of the Court of Queen's Bench in the extradition case of the fugitive slave Jones, alias Anderion, was delivered on the 15th ult. ft was in favour of giving up the fugitive to the United States authorities. One of the judges dissented from the decision. An appeal had been made. The prisoner was strongly guarded. No attempt at rescue had yet been made, but great excitement prevailed. A bottlenose shark was caught a fewiiyhte since is Chriafehoreb•bsy. in a sprat net, and donw the fishing smack with its tail before it was kill e d . r t was seven feet long. A seal was shot a short time since at the iss.k of the Isle of Wight Two of them were together basking close to the beach. I i I I