The Express. — London, England, 1860-04-23 00:00:00

BINBON'B W•TORES. " mamas of weisolus."—MerMag tieW wakim 4ls III• whom . dim fls le golosis. Rend sem slow lessuft Mestrated hoo= lowriPtive of Igen veldt mow sada W W poWs efts weAL-1111 awl LAW.. LC. Sioladord WY. nOLOURED FLANNEL SHIRT& vv sad bp =mum sad GUNNY. MS. Una/ DOUDNEY .ad SONS' LIVIIRIEB pima andess r aunsii6 116.666W6 Sob LI $ 6 • Onion • ade ale 6 is Cessioss SO ll IS 6 DOCITOIT arl !WM Imam IT. al ll. ‘ ivel ; 11. Built Iss-ararla : 4111. lasabas44sul—aintaftl OIL Is lawyer tan pow le dor% The ma as ~sr retre—Cirsour. DI ESSE aad LUBIN'S LEAP-YEAR 0011OURT. brOn.-2. Now W. QICOND-HAND PIANOPORTNEL ria auxin, saLia. and Ow bow a Imps isorimmi 1 1 1 1 laratibbabil Mosokrtgb. by the mob ailamml sidNab 'mit, nisei yliceb—lllk Ilegs b•slye ast CORNHILL MAGAZINE, No. 6 (torT I LT . will be Piallthed se SATURDAY, the Mb INA, price Ow WI WI& w$S ?wv Meetesuori, CORMS : 1. humbly Bina XIV —Mt Qswfry of flofefif•f^fk Lifitufia Ambodabdur =•=• Mum. 4 To Cr eon lea • ICUs= fie: Plaatar. Ingnizer, awl rikagghier . Image ani Mie w. .a b il This. MOW I Written IN Dengiimmi 1...• el ow ineoper. Link mbisb I Ming W • liniggert. • ieze In tsrrl Ilia • lfMtrirr Os VW MOW Mlr " Ouglign Magazine ?Ms Oginsad Iliegbar.—Rg Z. J. Ikeag• IL lie Peellog•—L Me begot (WM a• faisellsvglotai It ammainbuna Papara—lis 1 Os terra Taira: Batik abr. awl Oa, 114 Canullit ;SU erPrefix. TO 0011.1111PONDENTO Advertisements Weeded ter "The " tweet Maim Paper. ash be at the sash elb by Toe elect es She day of yoliketieh z►~ccr. TO ll Tann. TR OVIIIIM&ND 11.6iTZ. Mears r Cnstplasomil Ilmislow lira C. Mathews. YeaWilldni W t h lra MI4IIIII or WM Mem% Chippendale. Zawas.t Comptes ; )11.4 Y. Terra—Aell THI WARM NO OCIIOUL flUNcr_vot. Tom Mum MY Wlincs •• )t - T.—TIM FOOL'S SIVECOIL Mr. Phelps: lam Alidenon. and M Rea —And TI& Y UMW& Mama F. Matthr.rn Rom rinI MU; Mew C. Learn:NlA. farairi, L lederon, and M. Mower& LTCZUY: Tom Immo. !MIT 0 - 111:17: - -riz Krim =Two, M 1.,.. Lpha Thampook Om !L Come, IL bums. [MP lea. HI I'EBAIT AT 01WWICH. Mr M. Don.—AM TUX MIDDY A 4 UOILL Wm L. rya,—Oomostote at 7. NT. JAMBS. Tin Crank A lILIIND IN NM Yam T. Robinson. V..tang. and DeVonl: Wks Y A LADY AND GENTLE. MO( IN A POCULIAILY P 1P LXINO PUDICANZNT.— Athl LUCBSZIA BORGIA AT BONI AND ALL ADDOAD. U.ITAtf:RA_ rm. ervirow. Tilt atATWiiiirrssaY: e►, The Denton of Th- Forret nod The Pnnt MIn.IemL—LURLINI: ay. The Rhine sal Ile Rhino. Mlinintiter Jambe, ilts. R. Lae —The De!epicene Ratally, the Monica Wonders.—And TES WYIR WAR. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. TNN Mr —Marsha WA. lim.....Altersnou. 3h. Ma. To.xuahow—lllersks& >L RS. ...Mhirsoua, UL lm. LONDON, MONDAY, APRIL 23. GREAT and undeniable as were the advantages secured to both countries by the definite and posi• tiro stipulations of the Treaty of Commerce between England and France, it was remarked, as soon as that instrument was published, that the thirteenth article of the Treaty, which reserved for a supplementary Sonvention the conversion of rob.reni duties into specific duties, left a wide field open for • conflict between the Free trader and the Protectionist. The time is fast approaching when the Commissioner of the two tioverrunents must meet and confer on the settlement of the French tariff, for, according to the Treaty, the duties which remain to be fixed are to come into operation by the Ist of July. The French "Superior Council "of Commerce" has been charged with the duty of ascertaining " the medium prices of Articles si • or English manufacture during the six months " preceding the 23rd of January last"—those prices forming one of the Treaty bases of the supple mentary convention—end also, in the words of the M with "the teak of fixing the precise " degree of protection needed by the different " branches of French manufactures." The President of this Council is M. Rot- 111:1, Minister of Commerce, and its Vice-Pre sident M. Batocita, President of the Council of State, the two French negotiators of the Treaty ; M. MICHILL CERVALIZA has also been no tided a member. Thus a liberal commer cial policy will have powerful advocates in the Council ; but it is certain that the Protectionist interest will also be very strong, even if it should not command a majority of votes in that body, and will insist that every farthing of the maximum duty of 30 per cent. must be exacted on English imports, if the manufacturers of France are to be saved from certain rain. But it is not only by excessive rates of duty that the free trade which every enlightened man in either country wishes to see established may be impelled. Whatever imports uncertainty and delay into the transactions of business, much more whatever narrows their range, will serve the short sighted purpose of the Protectionists. At first sight it seems as if no fiscal regulation cou'd better foihil the desire of the merchant for cer tainty in fiscal matters than the substitution of specific for .rd odor. nt duties ; and with regard to ninny kinds of articles, as raw materials or other ob jects, simple in their nature, and varying but little in thrir description, this is true. But an eminent manufacturer, whose letter we have lately printed, has clearly shown that tho same is not tru e of manufactured goods, the fancy textile fabrics, the cutlery, the ironmongery, and p..ttery, in which our manufacturers seek to plea.. and stimulate the public taste, by inventions always directed to novelty and variety. The eimiteiit manufacturer just mentioned has p...0t0d out how obstructively these duties would operate. He says :—" Al regards our " babies Trough trade, it will be, I think, a shop-keeping cos of small assorted parcels, a " large trade in the aggregate. It will, I feel " confident, very much resemble our own home " trade, and we ought, if possible, to encourage " it, by freedom of interchange, to be as rapid. " In fact, a p ac k ma d e up in Manchester, with an " invoice shown at the French custom-house, and " then passed, ought to be opened out for sale "in Paris in two lays, and the orders for such " repeated within a few hours if found to " meet the taste and the market. This is our " emboli* here, more particularly in fancy " gouda Now, any waiting for examine ,' ties, or for the charging of specific duties, " would inevitably double the time of " transit, and naturally limit the trade. Again, " specific duties require specific goods. A French " purchaser could not go to a general stock, and I " purchase according to his fancy. He would be " restricted to the numbers and qualities paying , " the least amount of duty. Perhaps only one " in ten of the varieties of an article in stock " might exactly do so, and to that one he ' " would naturally limit himself. An American " would buy more freely, because not so fettered "hy hie tariff: The Frenchman, if cramped by " specific duties, would be fettered. An assorted V THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 23, 1860.. " limited French trade would not be worth manu " facturing for." Delay and restriction, the two old foes to trade, are here shown to result from the forming a duty, quite irrespective of its amount. This is a most im portant consideration, and one which we would urge on the attention of the Board of Trade, with which the elaboration of the Supplementary Convention rests. We take it for granted that both the Go vernments desire to facilitate trade. Throwing altogether aside the suggestion that the somewhat altered political relations between them will render the Emperor NAPOLEON leas anxious to promote commerce, we assume that he must really desire that the change in the Customs tariff of France may lead to a considerable augmen tation of revenue. Here, then, is a strong argument against specific Customs duties on manufactures fitted to Mr. COBDEN'S hands. Specific duties will cause delay, will make it impossible for the importer to follow the rapid changes of the market, and necessarily making the buyer uncertain as to the duty payable on many articles, will narrow the field of selection. In both ways the number of articles imported into France will be limited, and the Customs revenue of the Empire will accordingly suffer. When this matter has been disposed of, and the limits within which specific duties should supersede ' duties varying with value have been defined, the more substantive question will arise. In nicely adjusting the rates of duty to a great variety of articles, so much de pends on personal qualities, on knowledge of the course of trade, of the aptitude of producers, the wants of consumers, and of the extent to which duties will limit transactions, that we can but express the hope that, in the selection which Mr. Mitsea GissoN is required to make, the country will have advantages not inferior to those which the sagacity of the &Irmoa is likely to secure for France. It is most important that Mr. COBDEN, a man unsurpassed in judgment when dealing with principles, may have at his side, and commissioned to speak with equal authority, men abounding in that knowledge of details which will ensure their wise application. It might be worth the while of the Government to give the mercan tile and manufacturing community the satisfaction of knowing to whose hands besides those of Mr. COBDEN this important duty is committed, for the work now to be done is to be done for many years. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY. VIENNA, Kommr MORNING. Baron Bruck is out of office. His successor is not yet appointed. The Wiener Zeitung contains the following im perial autograph letter : Dow Cousin Archduke Albrecht,—ln accordance with your request (Biter), my well-beloved, I think fit provi sionally (rorldullg) to remove you from the poste, which you have filled with extreme devotion and approved circumsper, tiro, of Governor. General and Commanding-General in my kingdom of Hungary, and also from the command of the third army. I express to you my b-rateful acknowledgment of your services, and for the present and provisionally I in. trust to the Feldreugmeister Louis Chevalier von Benedek, my Quartermaster-General and the Chief of the General Staff, the direction of the political administration of Hun. pry and of the troops stationed in that kingdom. Vines, April 19. FRANCIS JOSRPH. Dear Feldreugmeister Chevalier von Benedek,—Having, at his request, provisionally removed his Imperial Highness gm Archduke Albrecht, General of Cavalry, from his posts of Governor. General and Commanding-General in my king dom of Hungary, =dale) from the command of the third army, f intrust to you for the present (bill air Welters') the direction of the political administration of Hungary and of the troops stationed in that kingdom (des Landes-General- Continuo/0), and I And good to ordain that the now exist ing Stadtholderate divisions shall form but one Btadthol aerate, which shall have its seat in Buda, and be imme diately subject to you (Ibsen ummittelbar waterstehea). For the time being superior political employte, with the necessary assistants, are to be left in Cuban, Freeburg, Gedenburg, and Grosswardein, in order that they, without forming an intermediate AMA= (court), may assist in di recting and watching over (gberecathen) the working of the new orpnisathat, sad more particularly that part of it which relates to the administration of the counties (CUB& nos. Vo.e•reth oo ape) mort•l it• As soon :.11 the new organisation of the Stadtbolderate has been completed, "County Administrations" for the ma nagement of political matters will be established on the principle of the former County Assemblies (Comitats•Con• pregationen), and committees, but with combinations (Zama mcnaetzungen), and spheres of action, which are in accordance with the present state of things. Is accordance with these dispositions, I ordain that when the municipal laws and county administrations are in activity, ► proposition (rtntraeye) respecting a Diet shall be prepared (rorlereitA), in order that the principle of self government, by means of town, district, or county com munes (9eiseiriders) and of diets and committees of the name (Landtags-AusecAusee)—which principle is tobe intro duced into all the provinces of the empire—may also be in force in my kingdom of Hungary. The nearer instructions in respect to the carrying out of the ►bove-mentioned measures will be given you by the ministers to whose departments such matters belong. Vienna, April 19. FRANCIS Joarrn. FRANCE AND SWITZERLAND. FRENCH DESPATCH. The French papers copy from the Gazette de Lau- SWIM the following very curious despatch from M. Thouvenel to the French Charge d'Affaires at Berne : PaAs, March 13, 1860. The Federal Council, being unable to shut their eyes to the importance and unanimity of the manifestations in Savoy against the eventuality of a dismemberment, has charged M. Kern to ask me whether the Emperor's govern ment persists in the views which I have already made known to you. In the course of our conversation the Swiss Minister gave me to understand that if the Helvetic Con federation did not obtain Chablais or Faucigny it would have no other resource than to protest against any modifica tion of the stare gun, and submit to the powers which signed the treaties of Vienna a grave question, which would be very embarrassing to his Imperial Majesty's government. The following is the substance of my reply to M. Kern : " The manifestations which excite your anxiety," said I to him, " do in reality present a character which makes it impossible to doubt their genuineness and force ; they are reproduced daily in different pasts of the country ; the elective councils have resolved to become the organs of their expression. Several members of a deputation from the councils-general of Chanibery and Annecy ha,e already arrived in Paris to express at owe their wishes and their apprehensions lest any premature resolution should be taken. You will readily understand that the Emperor's government cannot be indiffereut to this step or to the senti ments which it reveals. The Emperor has shown you, by the language which I have been authorised to use, how friendly are his dispositions towanle Switzerland. But, while the first thought of the sovereign of France, so soon as the question of the annexation of Savoy presented itself to his mind, attested his solicitude for your country, the Fosleral Council left no means untried to excite distrust of us, and all its efforts were directed to the object of forming a league be tween the powers which seemed disposed to lend themselves to the project. This manifestly results from the official correspondence communicated by the English government to parliament. I confine myself to mentioning the fact. I must frankly confess to you, that if these tactics which were carefully concealed from us had been known sooner, I should have felt it my duty respectfully to represent to the Emperor that we ought t - abstain from any negotiations with the Federal Council. I do not, however, regret any of my former expressions ; they allow the loyalty of our intentions, and I will even now go so far as to say, that our desire still is to settle the affair iu accord with yon, and in taking your interests into account. I should think it, how ever, superfluous to tell you that we did not raise •question of a territorial change implying, in some sort a rectification of our frontiers, simply with the view of being agreeable to Switzerland, and that in demanding the cession of Savoy it is impossible that our sole object could have been the annexation of Chablais and Faucigny to the confedera tion. Our wish from the beginning was to reconcile all in terests, and we are still ready to enter into your views ; but if it shall be shown tons that we cannot obtain Savoy with the consent and according to the desire of the population, with out declining to accede to a dismemberment of the country to be effected for ymr benefit, we most submit to the condition, and the Federal Council itself must admit that we could not do otherwise. We are moat scrupulously en deavouring to obtain information, and to ascertain as ex actly as possible the real feelings of the inhabitants upon this point ; but what cannot reasonably be asked of us is that a cession of territory which we judge indispensable for the safety of our frontiers should be made to depecd upon the cession solicited by the Federal government, and that we should resign ourselves to success or failure with the Federal government by placing the 'emulations under the obligation to pronounce against their union with France unless they will consent to make over a portion of Savoy to Switzerland. Such a solution would initietaiii state of things which suits the confederation, but which would not suit France, because she would not only lose Chablais and Faucigny, but also the other districts which have become necessary for our defence. There is, therefore, as you see, a great difference between the positions of the two governments--a difference which we are obliged to take into account. The agitation which his been occasioned by the prospect of the partition of Savoy would not, moreover, have been so intense as it is, if while we left it to the popu lations to consider with perfect freedom what were their true interests in this question, Swiss emissaries had not sounded the alarm and joined to their propagandism in trigues which have had the effect of wounding the national sentiment. You reap what you have sown. The I vice of your attitude is that it has led to the supposition that you are working for an increase of territory. Did you not yourself put me in a position when you proposed to me, so to speak (pour ainsi dm), a secret treaty of partition, to tell you that we had no right to dispose of a possession which still belonged to Sardinia This premature ardour, on your part, is pro clueing its neutral consequences in Savoy, and for this j Switzerland cannot pretend that France is responsible. It is not for me to suggest the conduct which the Federal Council should mime under these circumstances. It seems to me, however, that it his but one of two courses to follow. If it does not fear to be reminded that a par ticular comb:nation was in its mind, it may protest against ; any alteration of the *Or quo ; the powers will appreciate its step in the answers that will be made to the ' explanation which we propose to give upon the whole question ; but I do not think, for my part, that the ululation of Savoy to France can he regarded as • new danger for the neutrality of the Helvetic Coo• federation, which, however strongly guaranteed as it will be on all occasions by the energy and courage of.the Is more effectually protested still by the respectlif /grope, and it is not on the side d Lake Leman that he erontiers would be more readily aisosible if a moral barrier did not coratitute their grabbed force. The protest of the Feder►l Council weeldgmeolon in no way change the eabetance of the question. It would, however, lead to a certain coolness between us, which, on account of reciprocal interest., had better be avoided. The other course open to Switzerland is to to rely upon our good feeling, which it has had opportunities of appreciating under other circumstances ; and it cannot doubt that, subject to the single condition of not entirely frustrating a result imposed upon us by impe rative exigencies, we shall seek all possible combinations and modifications to show our desire to satisfy Switzerland, to consolidate her neutrality, which is a safeguard for ourselves as well as for her, and to take her interests into consideration as fully as the essential interests of France will permit." Such is the language which I used to M. Kern. I do not doubt that he will render an exact account of it to his government. I never theless authorise you to read this despatch to the president of the Federal Council. Receive, &c., THOUVILVEL. Our Paris correspondent writes :—" The taunt ing, arrogant, bullying tone of this despatch will be very much remarked. The journals here are instructed to say that it has been published against the wish of the French government. It will now be very desirable to see Dr. Kern's version of the conversation in question." THE VOTE IN SAVOY. The Moniteur of this morning contains the fol lowing : CHAMBERY, SUNDAY Evaniso. The town is decorated with flap, and the enthu siasm is general. The clergy and the magistrates go in solemn procession to vote. The French troops have quitted the town, the various poste of which have been confided to the militia. The same manifestations have taken place at Annecy. In the country the bells of the churches are ring ing joyously. The clergy have blessed the French flags. SWITZERLAND AND SAVOY. VIENNA, Ann 22. The exchange of views which since the last two weeks has taken place between France and the other powers who signed the final act of Vienna, concern ing the arrangement of the question of the neu tralised districts of Faucigny and Chablaia, has already had the result of bringing the majority of the said powers to agree to the following com bination : They are to come to an understanding, in the ordinary diplomatic course, as to the elaboration of a protocol, destined to reserve the guarantees claimed in favour of Switzerland. After which the representatives of these powers ac credited at the Court of the Tuileries are to receive the authorisation to sign this protocol, acconling to which France would make ulterior arrangements directly with Switzerland. The Conference would therefore hold one sitting only, in which the bases of the direct arrangement between France and Switzerland would solely be sanctioned by Europe. GENEVA, Aran. 21. The Governor of Faucigny has issued a circular, the language of which is exceedingly violent against the Swiss, who have recommended the inhabitants to abstain from voting. The governor says :—" The electors must be on their guard against the intrigues of men who, being unable to succeed in their criminal attempt, wish them to take part in their downfall." The authorities have hoisted the French flag everywhere. Great efforte are being made to influence the vote. THE INSURRECTION IN SICILY. MARSEILLES, Amur. 21. Letters from Naples to the 17th Mat. state that the arnica hands in Sicily had been dispersed, and that the remnants were being punned. It is asserted that thirteen insurgent. taken in the Franciscan convent at Palermo had been shot, and several monks condemned to death. The report of a popular movement in Calabria had been denied. A grand military review had taken place at Naples, after which banquets were given to the geoenis and officers. The troops cheered the King enthusiastically, who after wards traversed the streets of the capital at their head. THE PAPAL STATES. ROME (vtA MARAICILLEB), Aran. 17. The new Four-and-a-Half per Cent. Roman Loan for 50,000,000 f. has been contracted for in Belgium, at 90. The official Giorwde di ROlll4 announces the appointment of a commission for receiving voluntary contributions, to be applied for the defence of the country. This commis sion consists of Cardinals Villecourt, Wiseman, and Rama, under the presidency of the Minister of Finance. General LamoriciZre, after having rapidly taken the necessary measures for the organisation of the Papal forces, will set out on the 19th inst. for the provinces Orders have been given for the reorganisation of the cavalry. The current report that Prince Gabrielli and f•ignor Ruspoli have been exiled is unfounded. Itts asserted that the correspondents of the Nord and of the Jouraai dca Daats have been expelled from the Papal Stake. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, Arm. 22. The official Wiener Zeifung announces that the subscriptions to the new loan already exceed 76,000,000 florins. The advances which had been made by the Na tional Bank on account of this loan have been reduced to 99,000,000 florins, the government having given over to the bank the preference bonds for the redemption of landed property, formerly belonging to the sinking fund, which has been broken up. For this remaining amount of 99,000,000 florins the bank receives ample guarantee by the receipt of bonds of the new loan amounting to 120,000,000 florins, which will be transferred to the National Bank, and which, after the Ist of November, 1861, will be readily and advantageously negotiable, because, aooording to the nature of the subscription, the bonds of the new loan are held by the general public, and not by mere speculators, and will won therefore be above par. The position of the National Bank is therefore to be considered as firmly established, and its cash payments will shortly be renewed, should the general state of affairs assist the financial administration &ad tho Lank. SPAIN. BARCELONA, Arm 21. The Count do Moutemolin, his brother Ferdi -1141114 and a valet tlecluxmla , e, ware rearrested to-day, at 2.30 a.n., at Amposta, Dear Tortes& UNITED STATES. LIVERPOOL, SVNDAT Eviornea. _ The Royal Mail steamer Arabia, Captain Stone, which left New York on the 11th inst., has arrived. She brings 50,000 dole. in specie. The majority of the committee on the President's recent message, protesting against the action of the house in order ing an investigation into the conduct of the administration, had made a report dissenting from the President's views, and asserting the right of the house to make the contem plated investigation. The minneiiy of the committee had also made a report imstaining the President's position. Qu ERNSTOWN, SUNDAY. The Royal Mail steamship Canada arrived hem at 12.30 p.m., embarked mails and passengers, and sailed for Halifax and Boston at 6.30 p.m. All welL SOUTHAMPTON, MONDAY. The Vanderbilt steam ship Illinois, Captain Griffon, which left New York on the 7th instant, has ar rived. She firing* 50 panneogere, 100,000 dole. in specie for Eng land, and 200,390 doll. for Fiume. The Minna; experienced heavy easterly galas throughout UN wows. Her sewn ham been anticipated. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (foil or• 1 OWN OORRISPONDENT.) PARIS, SUNDAY EVENING. _ There is a charming little article in the Pays, Journal de ['Empire, written for the purpose of showing that politicians must not allow themselves to be hampered by principles. M. Baroche, as you will remember, laid it down the other day in the Corps Legislatif that they are not to be bound by " words politically spoken." Thus the most authorised advocates of imperialism shake off the fetters of principles and promises, and go on their way rejoicing. The Pays thus illustrates the con venient doctrine : The great art of the statesman is to put forward different principles and to reconcile those which contain contradictory elements. For instance, if at the end of Henry lll.'s reign the catholic principle had exclusively prevailed, the Bourbons would have been excluded from the throne, which would have been mounted by the Guises in despite of the principle of hereditary succession. On the other hand, if no account had been taken of the hereditary principle, France would have had in Henry IV. and his 'occasion a pro testant dynasty. To get over the difficulty, Henry IV. em braced the catholic faith, and thus the two principles were reconciled! Madame Ristori played last night at the Fran cais in a performance for the benefit of the de scendants of Racine. She acted in a scene from Phldre, translated into Italian, and recited some French verses composed for the occasion by M. Legouv6. PARIS, SATURDAY EVICMG. On the subject of the political executions in Spain M. Oranguillot writes in the Constitutionnel as follows: The intelligence which reaches us from Spain is afflicting. We *aminet foal eg rpriai n t that Gene& having been duly tried and condemned by court martial, should have been shot ; but it is impossible for us to maintain silence on learning that at Bilbos and Valladolid men have been ex ecuted without judgment. Substituting their own will for the law, the captains-general who command the provinces in which these towns are situated took that extreme measure without declaring a state of siege, and without any judicial formalities ; and they thus deprived the Queen of the most splendid privilege of her crown— the right of pardon. A government so strong as that of Queen Isabella, and • country as noble as Slain, cannot do otherwise than blame acts which would scarcely be excusable even in the delirium of passions excites' by civil war. Reprisals are sometimes the fatal consequence of a conflict, and the rigours of the law may appear • ne cessity of social order; but vengeance is always aliens. We ' hope then for the honour of the Spanish nation, and for the true interest of its government, that such acts as those which have just occurred will not be reproduced. We hope that the captainsfeneral have been blamed for an abusive exercise of authority which compromises the dignity of the country, and contrasts painfully with the glory which the army of Morocco has just achieved in • war of civilisation. The Pays deprecates the severity of the Spanish authorities in equally strong language. The reason for this simultaneous campaign by the French government prints on behalf of clemency, mode ration, and legality is that among the Spanish rebels are two of the Empress's cousins, ono of whom, it is reported, has already been shot. According to the general tenor of the latest Spanish news of this evening, all Ortoga's accom plices were to be executed without mercy. This statement was not, however, in allprobability written with a view to the Count de Montemoliu and his brother, who it now appears were arrested at 3 o'clock this morning, at a place called Ulidecona, and have been conducted in custody to Tortola.. There has been a discussion in the Senate upon the subject of the innovation upon established prac tice which took place the other day when the government thought fit to send a report of their debates to the Moniker. The official minute does not permit the public to guess what were the opinions of the senators upon the proceeding. All that is known is, that, upon the suggestion of the President, the matter is to be further and atten tively considered. At the Bourse the Rents rose 20c., closing both for cash and account at 70.25. The event of the day was a sudden and heavy fall in Credit Mobilier, owing to some rumours of a bad dividend, although the better opinion is that nothing on the subject is yet decided. This security, which closed yesterday at 781.25, fell to 760, and recovered only to 765, leaving off with a fall of 16.25. The Lyons Railway ruse 5. In the other French lines there was scarcely any alteration ; Geneva rose 11.25. The Procurenr-Imperial yesterday opened a judi cial inquiry into the Bourse manoeuvres and the false news of which the pamphlet "La Coalition" was the occasion. M. Caniusat-Busaerolles has been charged with this investigation. It is more to be wished than hoped that the evidence taken in the course of this inquiry should be made public. Vbr court. rl Cowley had an audience of the Queen on &tunlav afternoon at Buckingham Palace. The Prince Consort, accompanied by Prince Alfred, rode out on horseback on Saturday morning, attended by Captain Du Plat. The Queen and Prince Consort, accompanied by the Princess Alice and Prince Arthur, took a drive in a carriage and four in the afternoon. Colonel the Hon. A. N. Hood and Oiptain Da Plat attended on horseback. Yesterday the Queen and the Prince Consort, the Prince's Alice, Prince Alfred, Prince Arthur, Prince Leopold, the Princesses Helena and Louie*, the ladies and gentlemen of the court, and the domestic household, attended divine service in the private dispel, Buckingham Palace. The Hun. sod Very Hew. the Data of Windsor officiated. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday at the official residence of the First Lord of the Trea sury, in Downing-street. The Ministers pre sent were Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Granville, the Duke of Argyll, Sir G. C. Lewis, Lord John Rus sell, the Duke of Newcastle, the Right Hon. Sidney Herbert, Sir Charles Wood, the Chan cellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Somerset, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, Sir George Grey, Earl of Elgin, the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers, and the Right Hon. E. Cardwell. Despatches were received at the Colonial-office, cm Se. Curley, from the Governor of Malta. Despatches were sent to the Governor of Bermuda. YRE PABEIONABLE SEASON. A satisfactory indication of the character of the appnaching sesaon may be gathered from the unusual ful ness of town at present, the briskness of trade at the West end, and the number of court and fashionable appointments already announced. It has Dot frequently happened that we (Pool hare been able at this early period before Whit enatide to publish so full a list as that which is ap pended : To-morrow Her Majesty's levie Lady Caroline Tovrtieley's drat sairie de...ante. Wednes day—Mrs. Washington's Hibbert's ball. Thursday— Court mourning changes. Almack's first bell. &star day—Her Majesty's second drawing-men. April 30—Lady Caroline Tosrucley'm second aoirle damask. May I—The Countess of Kinnoull's first soiree dasaaaate. May 2—Lady Egerton's (of Tattoo) ball. May 3—Court mourning ceases. May 4—Hoe. Richard Cavendish's first ball. May 7—The thinness of Rummell's second aoirtie dame:rat. May 8— Mrs. Wykeham Martin's ball. May 9—Her Majesty's Ent state concert. May 10--Ahnack's second hell. May 11—Her Majesty's juvenile ball. May 13—Mr. Benediet's =anal grand morning concert at her Majesty's Theatre. May 14 —Lady Sondes' ball. May It—Her Majesty's Ent state ball. May -Her Majesty's birthday drawing-room. May 94—Ahriack's third ball. It will be seen that the first of Almack's balls is an oiniced to take place on Thursday next at Willis's Rooms. The ladies patronesses have exhibited an unusual interest in the success of the " first subscription," and all these who have already arrival in town have undertaken to attend with large parties of friends. A brilliant Kaska is therefore confidently expected. His Excellency the Anibamador of France and couateai de Pendiray are expected at Albert-gate Home to-morrow, hem Parte. His Excellency the Swet and Norwegian Ifinkter and the Counts Platen received on Saturday the afflicting news of the decease of their youngest daughter, the Barmen SilfversehiOld. His Excellency the Earl COwley arrived in town ea Friday, from the British Eanhassy, Paris. His excel- lacy i■ staying in Clevelandaquare on a visit to Via cunt and Visomntras Sydney. The Earl ..1 St. German., the Lord Steward of the Queen'. Household, will go to C.inada, in the retinue of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. The Chancellor of the Exchequer has received a letter on the subject of the Wine Licenses, &a., Rill, besting the sixtiature of "A Respectable Holy of Working Mae," eel be would be glad to be informed from what body of pumas it proceeds. The Pyno awl Harrison opera company brought their engagement at Liverpool toe eloae on Saturday night with Mr. Alfred Melon's open of Virturisse. Madame t'elesto commences an engagement to-day. " Death has been fearfully busy of late," writes " Argue," of the Poo, "among the racing men of the south. First, Sir John Mill went, and your readers may like to learn that he left near 100,1AKY. behind hint in money, ex clusive of landed property. Then John Day followed ; and after him, in rapid succession, come Mr. Sloane Stanley and Mr. Fulwar Craven. All were of the same school and age. Mr. Stanley was one of the regular blue-coated, brow buttoned, yellow.waistooated, and drali.tronsered country gentlemen. A sportsman in every sense of the word, and with • kind wont for everybody but • poacher, whom he regarded as 'the greet soda evil.' He was the confederate ,t 1 the late Duke of Rutland on the turf, and won as often aa he bad • right to expect with so small a team. The brothers Royce were his trainer and jockey, and both did him justi.v. Mr. Pulver Craven W. 1.11 quite 'a horse of another colour,' and was always an object of curiosity on • racecourse, dremed in a brown coat, knee-broacher, and gaiters, with • Lauri melon; as • JIM/ pedlar, and in his scarf • large gold pin with a model of Deception, w:th whom John Day won the Oaks for him. In his eccentricities be imitated the late Squire of Halton, John Myttou ; but latterly, after he bad lost =ireful of his children by an accident, he became very retired in his habits, abandoned his old hannts, and never took an active part in the duties of his states. His charities were numerous, and many men with • better reputation have had lass claim to the • orld's approbation." ITALY. VICTOR EMMANUEL'S PROGRESS THROUGH HIS NEW DOMINIONS. (nom OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.) On Board the }loyal Ship Maria Adelaide, Sunday Evening, April 15. His Majesty's departure from Turin took place this evening hat half-past six o'clock, amidst the enthusiastic cheering of his people. The weather which had been rather rainy when we left Turin, began to change when the royal train had reached the last summit of the promontories of Giovi. A blue and starry sky was over us, and below was Genoa, in a blaze of illumination. In spite of the lateness of the hour the Darsena and the adjoining narrow streets were literally one mass of people. The whole population of that Queen of the Ligurian sea had apparently come out to greet the restorer of Italian nationality. As soon as we went on board of the royal frigate, which is under the command of Rear-Admiral Pertain°, the King had supper, to which the officers and gentlemen of the suite were all invited. Victor Emmanuel is a man of simple habits, and ho is never so happy as when he can free himself from the tiresome rules of royal , etiquette, which are scrupulously enforced by [ Marquis di Breme, the master of the ceremonies of the ;Sardinian court. After supper the King and ; Count Cavour went to smoke their cigars on the deck. They seemed to be in high spirits, and heard them laughing heartily as Count Vimercati, who bad on the previous day come back from Paris from a mission to the Emperor, was relating some amusing story which was then current in the French capital. At two o'clock the King retired to rest, and everybody endeavoured to follow the royal example. But the Maria Adelaide having been under repair for the last few weeks, none but the great personages of the royal cortege could be comfortably accommodated by her commander. The conse quence was that the orderly officers and ministers, secretaries, and the small fry generally, were ob liged to pass a more or less sleepless night on the floor of the ward room, where a supper was provided. The sea was as smooth and calm as a mill pond, and we did not do badly after all. The secretaries and orderlies told stories, whilst the more solemn in tendenti wrapped themselves up in their cloaks and tried to sleep. At last came a glorious dawn over the Mediterranean. His Majesty, who always leaves his bed at daybreak, was already on deck. The squadron which accompanied our frigate consisted of the Charles Albert, 51 guns ; the Victor Emmanuel, 51 guns ; anal the .kmphion, a small anis°. An American man-of-war had joined us, and the vessels were all steaming fast towards Leghorn, whose towers were already visi ble on the distant horizon. On the deck of the above-mentioned frigates could be se.m about a hundred deputies, who bad followed the I , King in this triumphal excursion. As the bell rang for breakfast, everybody rushed to the ward-room without waiting for his Majesty,who never takes food early in the day. Hearing, how ever, the merry laughter of the party, he came down, and seeing that some of us had been forgotten in the breakfasting confusion he ordered another table to be laid, an order which was noon attended to, to the great satisfaction of the forgotten ones. At half-past eight we were in right of Leghorn. Prince Carignan and Baron Ricasoli, accompanied by a brilliant Staff, came on board to greet the King. It was then that the roar of artillery made the population of Leglioru aware of his Majesty's arrival. The English frigat e Racoon was in the harbour, and hasteuctl to give a royal salute to the Italian Monarch. Captain Paynter, senior officer in command, and Captain Blackburn, came on board, and were presented to the King. Here I must stop, for in a few minut es we are to leave the M ar i a delaide for the train which is in attendance. FLORENCE, AP= 16. After the presentation of the Mayor of Leghorn, Victor Emmanuel and his suite left the ship. At the landing pier of the harbour a magnificent canopy of red velvet surmounted by a gold crown had been erected. Thousands of tricolored flags had been hoisted all round the pier. It was on that spot that the King first set foot on the earth of his new dominions. It is iossible to describe theenthusisam with which his Majesty was received at Leghorn. The town councillors were at the pier, dreaded in their picturesque gowns of red damask trimmed with gold lace, as the gonfalonieri were in the times of Lorenzo il Magnifico. Front the richest quarters of Via Large to the poorest of Via Pallestro, from the harbour entrance to the sta tion, the streets of Leghorn had been turned into so many elegant saloons, gorgeously adorned with draperies, flowers, art banners. Banda of music preceded the royal carriages as they made their slow way through a rain of flowers. Nor was the reception offered by the Florentines less enthusiastic. At the station Marquis Bartolomei, the mayor of Florence, presented au address to the King, and when the ceremony was over Victor Emmanuel. mounted on a splendid charger, took the way of the Duomo, followed by Baron Ricesoli and his staff. The streets through which the royal cavalcade passed resembled the magnificent corridors of a fairy palace ; such an effect was produced by the hangings and decorations of all descriptions combined with the perfume of flowers which impregnated the air. The Duomo was splendidly illuminated, yet with a simplicity that added to the imposing severity of its architecture. As soon as his Ma jesty entered the church, the archbishop—who has been brought to take more sober views of his reli gious obligations—began the Te Thum, which was responded to by the roar of artillery, and by the acclamations of thousands. I never before wit nessed such an imposing demonstration, and it is not probable that I shall ever see such another. Ou leaving the Duomo the King, accompanied by Prince Carignan and his suite, mounted his horse, and proceeded to the palace, The line of procession followed the Via Calzaioli, Piazza della, Signor* Via Vaccaneccia, Mercato Nuovo, Porta Rosaa, Piazza Santa Trinita Ponta Santa + rinita, Via Maggio, as far as the street which leads into the Piazza Pitti, immediately opposite the great entrance to the palace. Th s stred was entirely arched over with flowers and draperies, and beauti fully decorated. In the piazza in front of the palace a large body of the national guard was drawn up, and the remainder of the vast square was a perfect mass of heads. The terraces on each aide, and the windows and roofs of the houses were thronged. Every point from which a view of the King could be obtained was occupied. The houses, as in every other part, were decorated with banners and hang ings. On reaching the state apartments his Ma jollity held a reception of all the different public bodies and the military. This lasted till about half-past three, whenjthe King appeared in the balcony over the great gate of the palace. The viva); were deafening, and for about ten minutes he stood there receiving the heartfelt acclamations of his new subjects. Amongst those who surrounded the King I parti cularly noticed Captain Paynter, the captain of the Racoon, the senior officer at this part of the Medi terranean station, of whom I previously spoke. There was a large party at dinner, to which Cap tain Payuter had the honour to be invited. At 8 p.m. the King passed to a hvyia which had been prepared in the gallery which imam from the palace to the Uffizi immediately over the centre of the Polite Vecchio. From hence the co o ly-rrei U was mag nificent, ahnost realising the description of Alad din's gardens in the " Arabian Nights." The houses on each side of the river along the whole extent as far an the Gemini were blazing with light. The moat brilliant private house was that belong ing to a Jewish gentleman in the Piazza St. Maria Novella ; it was covered with inscriptions and devices. On some of the houses were transparencies ; one drew particular attention. It wan in the Via Calzaioli, and excited much merriment—the pot , • trait of the Emperor Napoleon, with the inscription, " Italia libura dall' Alpo all' Adriatic.,." The plied Nirvana was duly appreciate.) by the spectas tors. The authorities had with great good sense prohibited all vehicles from circulating until after 11 o'clock, so the poop de could walk about without danger. I say walk about, but that must be taken rum gran., for so denial was the crowd that it was quite impossible to advance by the principal thoroughfares except with the stream. Had not this wise order been given, it is moot probable some accident would have happened, for Florence is not a city of trottoirs, such not being met with except in two or three of the principal streets. Late into the night, or rather far on toward morning, the crowd continued to pour along ; at times bands of music passed slowly through the streets. the notes being at times quite drowned in the en ies , " Viva Vittorio Emanuele '." " Viva Italia lihera !" The neighbourhood of the city, too, was beautiful. From the heights of Fiesole lines of light marked the villas and hamlets on the hill to the north, whilst on the south from S. Miniato to the hill of the Capucini was a girdle of fire. To-day is a day of rest both for King and people, and certainly by the latter, who were ou foot from an early hour yesterday morning, it must be much needed. The long description I have given you in my letter must prove how deep and seincere is the feel ing with which the King is regarded. The people feel that they have been freed from oppression and tyriuniy. They look on Vittorio Emanuele not only as the "Re Galantuomo," first soldier of Italy who has risked his life iu their cause, but as representing a principle—the union of the Italian peninsula into one great kingdom. And this is not the feeling solely of the great towns, lint I am in formed by those who have been in other parts of Tuscany that it is, if pumible, even stronger in the rural districts.. A letter from Florence says :—" The King of Sardinia does not, strictly speaking, oo Florence for the I first time, nor is this his first visit to the place. He was I here, quite an inhuit, at the time that the Prince of attempt Cari"nan of °. laß2fuetiero f.o v und f he m rei v a rin shelte af r ter at the the revolutionary his i Grand Ducal cousins of Tuscany. Tho Carignan° family were then lodged at the P,,,gie Imperiale. The infant Prince Victor EllilliaUllei was in his cradle, the curtains of which were set on fire by a candle which came in contact with them. The child was rescued from the flames, not, however, without Wren . horning on his right hand and left shle,iti which latter spot the King bears the marksof the tire tothe present day. Most unfortunately, the Signora Teresa Zanotti, the num to the little prince, who, to the risk of her own life took him from the cradle, was so severely injured by the flames that she died after a few days suffering. All this donie.tic vpi-de we learn from the letters of the Prince of Carignan... the King's father, who then simply signed himself .%Ilierto Ji Savona,' but who took his full name of ' Charles Albert' on his accession to the throne in DUI." THE ISISH BAP. IS AraTRALIA.—TIie Boning Parket quotes from a return 01f...int,' be Sir E. Grogan, in order to show that Irish I,,rrister• kir• con trived to get the "hest things going" in Amtmlia in the way of public employment. Here is the ritalogite of the fortunate Hibernian,' : The thief Justice of Victoria, Sir William Foster Stowell, is a mender of the I visit leo.; sa!ary, 3,0001. per annum. Mr. Redmond Barn- and Mr. Hobert. Molesworth, puisne judges (salary _2,5004). sr. Loth men ; Mr. Ri c h ar d Ihries Ireland, the Solicitor•lieurral (salary, 1,800 f.) ; Mr. Wrison, judge ..f the rountv t'ourt, (wJary 1,80014 • Mr. Micluiel Frauria M:wals , y, chairman of General fles;sions (salary ; Mr. James Lang ton Clarke, ditto; Mr. John Foster, Mr. 3PCmight. azeil Mr. John Atkins, Crown Prosecutor , at (:eneral H e oli.lll4 (salary 000/4, are all Irishmen, and members of the ttnees . ‘ Inns, Dublin. The Irish element is more in the ssecial. , nt in Victoria than in any other British colony, as of twenty legal functionaries nine belong to the Irish 1.161% tel West ern Australia Mr. Albs I M'Fiirland, commissioner of the civil court and chairman of the court of quarter 0./miona (a 6001.), is a member of the Irish lor. In Ceylon the ' it s f - c. I. Stirling, senior puisne judge (uilarrl,te Of.;; Mr. Joseph Cuffe, registrar of supreme court (miler) 600 f.): 4 1 s 1 Mr. D. Purcell, police masistrate (alary :hall.), are nom. hers of the Irish 1