The Express. — London, England, 1861-03-26 00:00:00

INDIAN FAMINE RELIEF FUND.— necordsmee wi► the suggestrw ut wren, correspondents, 11 OLINULAY sad Cu. beg to announce that they are to Itglal YE awl remit by each mall to colonel t. C.ll, the secretary I. the Calcutta Relief Core- Magee, say MINTIIIBUTIoNa kewarled I' them In aid of the shove fend, and which will be duly acknowledged In the Time and the Hume taws"—Pct India Army Agency, 56, Tarthumenbetrest fondue. ALL TEAS at MERCHANTS' PROFITS. 176 e YINIXT SOCCHONO. rtannteed, Is. bd. per lb. 1100111 iourrifiras nod Co., It, Loudon-bridge. City. HARMON lUMB-241,1 MODEL.- mum. 1111/34 sal Ca. WI. lispriderses. PARIS FIRBT CLASS and LONDON PRIZE EDAM WATHERATON sad 11300 DEN. GoLIMIIITIIe and SZWILLLIte. lissaariary, le, 11. , nti.Atastreet. Covent-genlen, W.f., Leedom N. N. This rotal.hshment closes el • la the evening, sad co letardees et I o'clock. gbt ervref3ii. /0 001titilIPONDI!in. 611.sellemesde times* Ma icappeu Loudon Swedes SS Ow =OM al Um ease. 10. You vorloolowt. by TWO 414 EA.nra SIoADAT A DUKE IN DIFFICULTIV Me.mrs Rnrkat. rompt.ss, tju.e , 114sters. Clark. &sod Villl.rs Mrs. Stints., Mrs. Wilkins, Mir V. starling, and Min Y AuLI TM: MILLER and 1111 34 EN —commence at T. PT. /A WNW& ON KAMM MoNTAT, WI? iirriI4 . JOI7IINAL—THZ tnu Or AT. rewria. Mauro. A. Wham sad raisori ; 111/Ases lierbtrt sal tit* Twry. tad THE PRAT NIGH r Nowa Eaarry, Dabours, sal A. Wigan Kir Zamac—Commacip at lotting& T. IBIUTANNIA„ Ir.vvvrie. Mn fibr4oirraph of Mr. Sllll ItrEVINw ill) BI N MOOD. -.And CON..Eltf. Plumptan. lermil Grover. awl Chum., *Am . Men. IL Jambs. itairdl. se. . Cumrsl aftd sons. wen WATS& AT 10111110 It =IDOL Ter DAT —Mc.ndeli 1k alia.....Ablinisai, lk Ira To410&201//—Mandos, lb. ITss.....Aaseress. lb. llia. LONDON, TUESDAY, MARCH 26. We earnestly hope that we are not about to witness another useless and ruinous struggle between capital and labour in one of the largest branches of metropolitan industry. And in spite of some unfavourable symptoms that have already appeared, we cannot but believe that the revival of the old agitation and the threatened strike in the building trade may yet be averted. The miseries and mischiefs of a strike in any large branch of trade are so manifold and notorious that a numerous and intelligent body of workmen would surely shrink from incurring them except for the gravest reasons and on the severest necessity. After the sad experience of the last strike in the budding trade it is needless to dwell on the terrible hardships and privations which the renewal of the struggle would bring on the workmen and their families. A year and a half ago thousands of able-bodied men not only suffered in silence from want in its sharpest forms, but were com pelled to see their wives and children pinched with hunger and pining away for want of the com monest necessaries of life. During that trying time the men displayed powers of self-denial and endurance that extorted the admiration of their opponents. But all true friends of the industrial classes deeply lamented to see these noble qualities wasted in a useless struggle, and dread a renewal of such wide-spread misery that can lead to no result. But the suffering of the men themselves is not all. A strike in any branch of trade necessarily tends to lower ultimately the rate of wages. It dis courages the employment of capital, and at the same time gives an artificial stimulus to labour. While the best masons and carpenters refuse to w or k, a class below them gradual': rise into their Dl"'r, and fresh hands are pressed into the trade, which, under ordinary circumstances, would have found other employment. A prolonged strike thus has the suicidal effect of increasing the num ber of workmen and diminishing the wages fund to be divided amongst them. But the worst of all is, that while' it does so much certain harm, a strike rarely accomplishes any good whatever. It does not, in general, advance the in terest of the workmen a single step. They are no doubt at perfect liberty to try, by a concerted refusal to work, to obtain better terms from their masters. But experience shows that this is the very worst machinery for the purpose. It simply embitters feeling on each side, places the men in avowed hostility to their master*, and thus multiplies the difficulties in the way of any fair adjustment of their rival claims. After the experience of the last strike in the building trade we can hardly believe that the mass of metropo. litan workmen will be much disposed to push the difference between the masters and themselves to such a fatal extreme. They will try what negotia tion can do instead of resorting to the old, obsti nate, hopeless policy of war to the knife. A basis for such negotiation is fairly opened in a proposal which, wo understand, several of the leading master builders have just made to their men. They offer • slight increase in the rate of wages, and a new method of assessing the work man's labour. At present the men are paid by the day, and a skilled mechanic may earn about thirty-three shillings a week, while the wages of • common labourer ate twenty shillings. The masters propose henceforth to pay the men by the hour instead of by the day. At present a skilled labourer earns sixpence three farthings an hour, and a common labourer fourpence an hour, but under the new proposal the rate will be raised to sevenpence an hour for the former and fourpenco for the latter. This would be a substantial addition to the present weekly wages of both classes, while it would leave the workmen themselves free to determine their hours of labour, and to fix according to their own con venience or necessities the average length of their working day. It is not for us to say that these terms ought to be accepted. Every workman has a right to judge for himself what is the lowest price he will take for his labour. But the proposi tion of the masters is evidently dictated by • spirit of conciliation, and • sincere desire to heal the unhappy differences that have arisen on the nine hours question. Though it emanates from the masters, the proposal is evidently not made ex clusively in the masters' interest. It is • direct advance on the rate of wages, while the question of time remains wholly with the men. This really seems to be the only fair and practicable way of settling the long-vexed nine hours question. It is equally liberal to the men and just to the masters, the latter only paying, though at • slightly increased rate, for work actually done, and the former only working as long as they please. Those who wish only to work nine hours are at perfect liberty I. do so, and they will still, with the increased pay, realism very nearly their present amount of wages. On the other hand, those who are ready and willing to work b.nger may indefinitely augment their pre sent income. And this freedom—the liberty to employ his powers in any honest way he chooses and to work as many hours as be will—belonp of right not only to every mechanic, but to every free man. It ts a right asserted and enjoyed amongst all ranks and in all occupatious. Who TRH EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, MARCH 26; 1861. would think of dictating to a tradesman or a pro fessional man the precise number of hours within which alone he should be allowed to devote himself to the business of his trade or profession 1 Any such attack on their freedom would be indignantly resented by men in every rank and occupation of life, no m atter under what authority it might be made. Yet this is precisely the kind of dictation which the leaders of the nine hours movement attempt towards their fellow-workmen. They try to im pose upon them an arbitrary rule with regard to the use of their natural and acquired powers, to bind them rigidly down t. work only so many hours a day and no more. This is most tyranni cal and unjust. It is indeed • far more serious infringement of the rights of labour than any of the existing grievances against which Mr. Purr= and his friends so loudly protest. The new proposal of the masters thus respects the right of the workmen to decide with regard to their own hours of labour, and on this ground no objection can, we imagine, be justly made to the proposal. Whether the offered increase of pay is sufficient is another question, which the men must consider for them selves, and they owe it to themselves to do so freely, and without regard to the dictation of the leaders of the late movement, who, having committed themselves to extreme positions, refuse to retrace a single step. These men repeatedly staked their whole credit and influence as leaders on the success of the original move ment, and their obstinate determination not to yield even the smallest point is embittered by the painful consciousness of humiliation and defeat. They have long since lost sight of the real merits of the case, and tight no longer for the rights and interests of the workmen, bid simply for victory, if not for revenge. They, of course, will not listen to any proposal for an amicable settlement of the dispute, but we do earnestly hope that the men may not be a second tune led astray by such unwise and in temperate counsellors. Why should the interests of the whole body be sacrificed to the pride and obstinacy of a few disappointed leaders ? If the dispute is to be settled at all, some form of com promise must be adopted, each yielding something to the other. The extreme party amongst the mas ters who protested against any proposals being made to the men have not carried their point. And the advocates of conciliation having prevailed amongst the masters, we hope they will at length be listened to by the men. Each party has fought long enough and bravely enough to be respected by the other, and it is quite time to shake hands and seriously discuss some reasonable terms of peace. The new proposals offer • favourable op portunity for doing this, and we shall regard it as a calamity if they are rejected. Meanwhile we earnestly counsel the working men to beware of those who advise them to adopt an obstructive course. It is in their power, no doubt, to cause much local inconvenience by striking here and there, where they know the time for the comple tion of undertakings is short. But let them not suppose that they will be permitted to arrest the work which the public requires. Classes of labourers we must have, but in England no indi viduals are indispensable. Firms may be embar rassed, families of workmen may be beggared by strikes, and under the violence of their pressure the processes of industry may be changed, to the irretrievable loss of the workman ; but amidst it all the public will find a way of being served, and the business of the country will be carried on. Their Serene Highnesses Prince Frederic of ticlilirmig•Holatein•Auguetenbstrg and Prince Victor of Huherilohe Lengenburg errired ai Windex Castle on Smi ley The Countess ApponyPs dinner and assembly, aanoesood fur this evening, are postpossed. Tho Archbishop of York his left Claridge's Hotel, ter the Archiepiscopal Palace, York. Thu Duchoss of Leafs and Miss Lome Fox are pawing • few weeks at St. Leasard'oros-fiee. The Marquis of Exeter has arrived at Claridge's Hotel, from Burghley Homes, Stamford. The Marquis and Mezehioness of Chatesurepard have left Wilteo-erement, sad taken up their reeidenoe at Albert-gata Hones. The Earl Brownlow has left towu to join Lady Marisa Alford. at Rome. The Counteai of Antrim was safely delivered of • us es the 22nd inst., at Glenaree Coatis, Ireland. Via:mutest Palmetston will have an assembly es &Imlay, the 13th et April, at Cambridge House. Lord aiid Lady flerbort,iiiro left Beigrare-square, foe Wdtoo H was, Deer Salisbury, for three weeks. Lord and Lady Rokeby leave town on Thum:lay far Hardwood Room, Herta, for the Faster holidays. Lord and Lady Woilehotielo will leave town in a few days, oo a visit to Mr. sod the Hon. Mrs. Rakes Corr* at Mirley Warren, Notts. Lord and Lady Foley have left Grosvenor-square for Worksop Mawr, Hasse. Lord Courtenay has arrived at the Hotel Bristol, Park, from a tour io Algeria. Lord Malmesbaryli at present at Paris. An exhibition of hyacinths, tulip*, and narcimus eemateiseed yesterday, and will continue during the week, at Yews. Henderson end Co.'s specious grounds, Pineapple pleas, Edgware-road. The hyacinths comprise many new sad beautiful varieties. The 3 p.m. express train from the Waterloo stetson, yesterday, was stopped at Wimbledon specially to coevey Mr. Turner, one of the gentlemen who was seriously Injured at the late frightful aocidcnt on the South-Western line, to his home at Portsmouth. The unfortunate gentle man has been confined at the Wimbledon hotel ever sines the accident, and where his family have been staying with him. He was obliged to be carried from the station to the carriage. In the last sitting of the Germanic Dist, a note from the English Legation, announcing that a Universal Exhibition is to take place at London on the Ist May, 1862, vie presented. The Secretary to the Committee ou Decay of the Hems of the Palace at Westminster is Mr. Alfred Bonham Carter, et the Moo of Works, 12, Whitehall-plaee, and se% as the public ►en been informed, Mr. Hochman Carter, M. P. Koren re Derrera FUND.—A mum in new pend ing in the Court of (*tummy in which the Emperor of Austria has obtained an injunction restraining Louis Kossuth from printing certain notes. which he has bese advised, on high legal authority, that be can print without the slightest infraction of British law. Several rrotlemen, feeling that the resources of the whin exile. who has sari- Geed his all in support of constitutional liberty, must be .equal to rope with those of Imperial Austria, and desirous of seeurieg a full awl fair hearing of the arse, ham resolved (without prejudging the question between the parties) to endeavour to provide a fund for the purples of bowleg the Woe ranted fairly tried out. They are prepared Mari as • provirunal committee, to receive subscriptions, and see to their due appropriatico. Treasurer—W. Scholegeld , Esq., M.P. Provisional Committee—Willison Austin, Fag., Thomas Barnes. Esq., M.P., Bolton ; Thomas Bezlen EN. • SLIP, Manchester ; A. R. Bristow, Eq., M.P., Kidder. eriseter ; Walter Buchanan, Fag, Map., tha•rw Oeshigharn, Eaq., Heighten ; Robert Dal ish, Earl_ Glar,row ; L. L. Mrs% M.P., Swansea; Sir Charier Douglas. ALP., Brabiery - ; J. A. Hardcastle, Esq., M.P., Bury St. Edmunds ; W. O. /Anton. Esq.. )1.1 5 ., Bristol ; Wilfred IAWIOII, Fag., M.P., Lturliale ; illiam Lee, Eel.. M.P., Shirley'; Jobe Locke, Eq., Southwark Matthew Marsh, Esq., M.P., Salisbury ; James KKershaw, ; M.P., Iltnekport t L A. Leathern, Faq M.P.. Hoditereeld ; Professor P. W. Newman ; Sir ~ Paztoe, M.P., Covestry; Charles Reed, Liq., F.S.A. W. Respell, Eel.. M. ; W. Ilebolelleld, Fag,. M.P., Ilinsingbasi ; N. B. Sheridan, Esq., M.P., ; James Stardeld.'. Esq., M.P., Halifax ; J. P. Weather', Esq., M.P., York ; G. R. Whalley, Paq., M.P., Priories Toma h ; luso White, Esq., M.P. hton. fleeciney fleendery J. F. Bootems, Faq. 14, Moorgate-street, Leedom Soliseripelons may be remitted to the treasurer. at Mears. Haulsory and banker% Leaden, or to the hooorary secretary. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE POPE'S ALLOCUTION. Although it is reported from Rome that the Pope's allocution in the Consistory of March 18, was (with unprecedented despatch) printed and distributed to the cardinals on the same evening, the text is not yet known in Paris. The following is, however, a full analysis : His Holiness begins by declaring that a conflict is going on between error and truth--between light and dirkness— between vice and virtue. He places in juxta-position those who extol and defend the principles of modern civilisation and those who hold fast to the principles of the catholic religion. The first would make the papacy bend to what is called modern progress and liberalism, while the others, on the contrary, desire to see it remain firm, preserving intact the principles of eternal justice and religion as the only remedy for the many evils which now afflict society—its only salvation. His Holiness would have confidence in the partisans of modern civilisa tion if their acts were hand upon justice ►nd the true principles of right and morality. But as these apostles of modern civilisation pretend to love and respect the ca tholic religion the Pope, to prove their insincerity, refers to the many opinions and principles hostile to the church which they maintain ; to the concordats which they have abolished, as, for instance, at Naples ; to the protection granted in Italy, a country eminently catholic, to all sorts of religions; to the employment of infidels in high offices; to the persecution and abolition of religious orders ; to the suppression of catholic schools, the confiscation of church property, and the banishment of cardinals, bishops, and priests. He reproaches the apostles of this pretended civi lisation with granting large subsidies to anti-catholic institu tions, and with persecuting the catholic press while theyleave all enemies of the church absolutely free to write whatever they please. They encourage libertinism, and wink at violence, but are severe towards the newspapers that defend religion and justice. His Holiness proceeds to affirm that the Holy Bee has ever defended true civilisation, as history will testify, bat that the Pope cannot associate himself with those who fight against the church and destroy the faith. He declares that the revolution prepared by those who vaunt themselves as thedisciples of civilisation tends to destroy thatgreet institution, which for eighteen centuries has been the glory of Italy, and that not because it was incom patible with reforms, but with the sole intent of making war upon the church. The Pope affirms that when the legitimate princes of Italy granted free institutions, he made such concessions ea be judged useful, and for the happiness of his people ; but these cones ions served onlyato give additional strength to the enemies of the papacy, who went so far as to murder his minister on the steps of [the parlia meat house. He adds that be bad lately promised to grant reforms justly recommended by the catholic powers, but that he had repudiated the demands and insinuations that he should renounce a part of the province the domin ion of which had been usurped from him. The authors of this usurpation called not for reforms, but for an absolute session of the temporal sovereignty. They were not content with destroying the civil principality of the Popes in Italy, they wasted to destroy the church. How could it be expected that the Pope could be reconciled with them ? It was impossible for him to renounce the prin ciples of eternal justice and the protection of the church. He could not (non posesonus)consent to *usurpation of the states of the Holy See. The Pope declares, however, that he is always ready to forgive his enemies, and to pray God to enlighten therm He cowhides by exhorting the cardi nals to prepare to suffer all the calamities which it may please God to allow them to be afflicted with, and reminds them that the entire episcopacy of the catholic world rallies round the Holy Bee. This allocution is far less conciliatory than the telegraph represented• It is doubtful whether the government will permit it to circulate in France. 01110TEll I ratans AMS. THE ITALIAN CHAMBER. TURIN, Yawn 25, E176/17NG. In to-day's sitting of the Chamber of Deputies, M. A udinot made an iuterpellation (of which he had previously given notice) in reference to the affairs of Rome. He etpressed his belief that the government of the Pope was incompatible with the liberty and independenoe of the country, and the civil rights of any civilised nation. He asked the ministry whether any negotiations were being carried on for the purpose of terminat ing the foreign intervention at Rome, or what other measures the government had in view for the solu tion of the question. Count Cavour replied—We have a right to have Rome se the capital of Italy. The city of Turin is ready to sacrifice her position ; but we must go to Rome with the consent of Prance, when all sincere catholic"( will be convinced that the church —far from suffering—will gain by it. The union of the temporal and spiritual power has always and everywhere been a source of evil. When we enter Rome we shall proclaim ample liberty to the church, and this liberty shall be guaranteed by a special statute. If the court of Rome persists in the union of the two powers of the papacy, its policy will be responsible fur the schism which might result therefrom. This speech was much applauded. HUNGARY. PEEfrli, TOMIDAT. The oongregation of the Comitat of Posega has adopted a resolution declaring the council of the empire to be an institution incompatible with the constitution of the kingdom. The congregation has also protested against the moiling of representatives to the council of the empire. FRANCE. PARIS, TUZIIDAT. The Minateur of to-day announces that the in terest on Treasury Bills has been raised to 4, 41, and 5 per cent. respectively. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (MN OUR OWN PARIS, Mom:wt . EVENING. The Bourse was stagnant, without any change in the Bente and scarcely any in other securities. . • The Menitenr (la Pny de Dome gives an account of a new miracle of which, it says, everybody is talking. A sportsman shot his dog by accident, and while he was cursing his own awkwardness a priest appeared in the distance, whereupon he ex claimed, " I would rather have killed ten priests than that dog." The " blasphemous " words were no sooner out of his mouth than the earth opened under his feet, and ho sank up to his shoulders. The peasants in the neighbourhood came in great numbers with spades and pickaxes to dig him out, but the earth closed in as fast as the labourers shelled it out, and the wretch remained three parts buried, his head and shoulders alone sticking out from the ground. The wondering swains,who were impotent to extricate him, bring food to his mouth, and at the date of the last advice; his posi tion remained unchanged. Although reports differ about the exact locality of this miracle, some as signing it to the village of Ceyrat, and others to Rochefort and Herment, it stands a great chance of being recognised as authentic by the church, which will not now permit the Palette imposture to be called in question. The Eastern Railway Company has issued two hundred invitations for the inauguration of the railway bridge across the Rhino at Kehl, which is to connect the Strasbourg railway with the German lines. The ministers of Baden, Bavaria, Wnrtem berg, and Hesse, will be present at the ceremony. There is to be a grand dinner at the Hotel de la Vile de Paris, at Strasburg, followed by • special performance at the theatre. I hear that in consequence of the unanimous verdict of the public against it, the opera of Tanahattner, which cost at least 10,000/. sterling to put upon the stage, is to be withdrawn. It has only been performed three times. also numerous excellent transparencies and por traits of the Pacha. Altogether, the scene was enchanting ; something that one might imagine to exist in fairyland, but which did not at all seem to be the work of rough, money seeking mortals in a commercial town. We have no gas here, but, for illumination, oil in different coloured glasses, and lamps, when tastefully arranged, has a much prettier appear ance than the pale uniform light produced by gas. Some streets were entirely covered overhead, and had immense hanging chandeliers, whilst the shops on each side were gaily decorated and lighted up. For some days previous to the Pacha's arrival the wits of Alexandria had been exercising their inge nuity in finding explanations for the initial mottoes which were put up in various places, particularly the French consulate, which was out of taste ; but so like La Grande Nation, they must give to every thing a French character. At first, what there was with reference to Said Pacha was very insignifi cant ; but afterwards his highness was given a more important place in the illuminations ; but the numerous initials the people attri buted to many sentences, which were any thing but complimentary. There was a trans parency in the window of a Britisher, with the motto " Veni, vidi, vici ;" and people stared and wondered in what way the laconic despatch of the world-conquering old Rowan could apply to such an unwarlike looking gentleman as the Viceroy. All the consulates were resplendent, with one notable exception ; the representative of surly John Bull in this part of the world was in almost total darkness. The palace of the Princess, No. 3, on the canal was moat tastefully and extensively illuminated. The firing of cannon, a grand dis play of rockets, Bengal lights, and other fireworks, announced the arrival of his Highness in the square on Friday evening at about 9 o'clock. The place was crammed with a motley multitude, and the variety of dresses, together with • large sprink ling of gaily-attired ladies, added not a little to the picturesqueness of the scene. His highness was dressed, as usual, in a simple white jacket, white bag trowsers, and • red fez, exactly the summer uniform of his soldiers. He remained about twenty minutes in the kiosk, and smoked a chibook ; he sent away his guard, and walked amongst the crowd, expressed himself highly delighted, and then departed. He repeated his visit on Saturday evening, and on Sunday morning he received a large number of the Eurcpeans at his palace of Rassettin. Count Zizinia was selected by the mer cantile community to read the address, which was in French, and to which his highness replied in the same language, which he speaks with fluency. The fete lasted three days, and the cost, with that of Cairo, has been estimated at about 200,000 dollars (40,0001.). Fortunately the weather, so unusual at this time of the year, was splendid until the last night, when it began to blow hard, and many of the lights were extinguished or carried away by the wind. It was lucky for the fetes that the bad weather did not come on until all was nearly over. Some ill-natured people have gone so far as to say that the thing was a sham, and merely got up for a particular purpose by the Pacha'a French buffoon (whoever he may be), and a few other interested parties ; but, on the whole, these fetes have far surpassed what were given in honour of Said Pacha on his accession to power, and both Europeans and natives seem to have entered into the affair with • good will. P.S.—March 14.—As a reason for this trip of Said Pacha, it is reported that he had an order from the Sultan to try and send up to Constanti nople the sheriff of Mecca, who is supposed to be implicated in the Syrian affair ; but to attempt to capture him amongst his own people would have been dangerous. His highness, it is said, politely invited him on board to dinner, and then showed him his papers. The poor sheriff begged first to be allowed to go on shore and make preparations for his journey, but by that time he was well out to sea. The sheriff is no where, and will, of course, have no choice but to proceed to Constantinople. SCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN. ITZEROE, Kasai 25. The Speaker of the Committoo for examining the Danish proposals made an interpellation to-day, in which he stated that the budget had not boen submitted to the Estates of Holstein, as had been announced by the Danish government to the Eng lish government. The royal commissioner replied that he would refer the matter to Copenhagen, and requested the Assembly in the meantime to adjourn the discussion of that question. ITZEHOE, Itasca 26. Iu yesterday's sitting of the Estates of Holstein, the proposition of the committee that the proposal of the Danish government in reference to the bases of a constitution for the whole kingdom should be rejected, was unanimously agreed to. In reply to the interpellation respecting the budget made by the spokesman of the committee, the royal commis sioner stated, in addition to what was reported yes terday evening, that the discussion of the budget, in so far as it concerned Holstein, would certainly be readily permitted to the Estates. Tin MUKHANOP7 CISCULAZ.-A letter from Warsaw says :—" The telegraph has doubtless informed yes of a straage circular of M. Mukhanoff, calling a• the peasant* to seise all agitators, even though they should be proprietors. We find it difficult here to believe in the existence of this circular, which, if it has actually emanated from the brain of a Rus sian agent, will certainly he strongly disapproved of by the government, which is sufficiently strong not to have re *MISS to such means spinet the Pules. The government • Alexander 11. is also too enlightened not to perceive that inch a threat would be an appeal to the pinions of the pea. matey apiust property and intelligence, and that such ideas might proace a dangerous effect sot only on the minds of the Polish peasantry but on those of Russia herself. Russia will not forget that the risings in Galicia have not contri buted to strengthen the psalmist that provoked them." EGYPT. OWN a COILIMSTONDLIT.) ALEXANDRIA, Mews 13. The following account of the illuminations here to welcome the Viceroy on his return from Medina may not be without interest to some of your readers. Before his highness's departure, as it was ex pected he would go to Mecca, it was feared his pil grimage to the Holy City would lead to a fanatical outbreak amongst the Mahomedans during his absence, and many tried to persuade him to give up the idea. It is not strange that this feeling should have existed, when we bear in mind the energetic measures he has always adopted in suppress ing any such enthusiasm whenever it has manifested itself amongst the natives, so that under Said Pacha the Christians are safer and have more liberty than in any other of the dominions of the Sultan, and ikisa great pity, when we look back to the desecration of the Mosque at the Citadel in Cairo by some of our own country men, that so generous a prince should be treated with ingratitude. It was also predicted that, should he proceed, he would never return ; and several of his friends advised him to relinquish his intention. A petition to that effect was likewise presented to him, signed by many of the govern ment officials, adding that without his pre wilco in the country they would not be competent to carry on their duties ; those persons were alertly very much surprised to find themselves placed under arrest, and others appointed to their posts. His highness, taking with him a strong body guard, embarked at Suez on board one of the Peninsular and OrientalCompany'ssteamers, which was placed at his disposal. During his absence the European merchants determined to make the neces sary preparations for a grand illumination on his return. Notwithstanding the forebodings alluded to, his highness returned quite safe, and on his arrival at Cairo the guns were fired, the lamps were lit, rockets were shot off, the people shouted, and the pacha smiled his thanks. In the meantime the preparations at Alexandria, being on a gigantic smle, were far front being completed ; a deputation went to Cairo and begged his highness not to come down for a week, and he graciously condescended to comply with this funny request. The day fixed upon was Friday, the Bth inst. At about noon of that day the guns announced to the expectant people the arrival of his highness. At an early hour in the evening the illuminations began. It would be impossible to give au idea of the brilliant effect of Ihe lights, but a few details may not be out of place. The grand square (if that which is not square may be called such) of Alex andria, in which many of the consuls and richest merchants reside and have their offices, is about 500 paces in length and about 100 in breadth, and until a few years ago used to be in a very dirty state, and being under the level of the sea was generally inundated in winter. Said Pacha, who, to give him his due, is ever ready to accede to any proposition for the improvement of the town, authorized a French company to arrange it accord ing to a plan which was submitted to him, and he I would pay all expenses. This company was also permitted to introduce a supply of water into the town under certain advantages to themselves. The improvement of the square commenced about two years ago ; some 130,000 dollars, it is said, have been expended, but the works are not completed, and perhaps Never will he ; however, the " place" is better than it was ; the roads on each side are improved, and the centre has been considerably raised to form a promenade ; trees have been planted, but the earth being impregnated wit!: salt, they still present an almost leafless aspect ; at night they seem so many ghosts doing penance, with naked arms spread out as if imploring mercy ; the illusion is completed by the appear ance of the place with its marble seats made like horizontal tombstones. Altogether it is not unlike a cemetery, and the whole is surrounded with pon derous chains. This sombre aspect, nevertheless, did not prevent it from wearing a very gay air ou Friday evening. In the centre of the raised promenade a temporary kiosk was erected to receive his higlimes. This was very elegant— a sort of Aladdin's palace on a small scale ; it was covered with draperies of all the colours' of the rainbow ; and there was no end of mir rors, gilding, statues, candelabras, lamps, silk and damask curtains, flowers, festoons, emit- cents, stars, and beautiful carpets ; it was two storeys high, surmounted by a cupola, under which a European band was placed, which astonished the weak minds of the natives by playing Arab tunes in the most approved style of monotonous melody. The fountains at each end of the square were surrounded by upright poles, and covered overhead with palm branches, flowers, ' and innumerable lamps. The water played, and, being shone upon by the surrounding lights, had a pretty-silvery ap ce. The ghosts (i.e., the trees) were d up fur the occasion in borrowed , garments; their more flourishing brethren outside the town gave them some of their superabundant branches, and being gaily lighted up with ! coloured lamps tastefully disposed, bad a charming effect. In the square were also four triumphal arches, two obelisks, flaunt ing flags, Ac., besides other arches in different streets, some of them very splendid, and all ex tremely elegant. One, erected by a Greek mer chant, was much admired ; it was supposed to have cost 5001. To give a full description of the illiuni nation would take up too much time and space. • A few particular,' will suffice. It must not be ima gined the inhabitants contented themselves with lighting a few candles in their windows. Very! extensive ornamental works in wood, gaily painted and brilliantly illuminated, were erected in front of almost all the houses and shops. Them were THE INDIAN _PAHINC__AND ENGLISH BENEVOLENCE. We wish we could regard it otherwise, but' it sounds very like a rebuke to the British public when it is replied to as appeal for the millions perishing in India that we have too many simiLir appeals at home to have heart or money for these new and remote applicants. If we could persuade ourselves into this view of the case, end satisfy ourselves and our readers that we are altogether quits with these unfortunate people, that we have done all that heaven requires of us at home, and that, area were it not so, they have forfeited their claim to our compassion, certainly we could get over this solemn season with rather more comfort, and return to the busi ness of the session somewhat freer and lighter. But some thing tells us that we are not quits with India, and that her hold upon our sympathies never dies, never will die, and never is suspended. Grant that we have lately been tilling up some gaps in our social system, and feeding a few thousands starved out by the frost, or left high and . dry by the ebb of fashion . Grant that our legion of institutes still increase and multiply, and that at this moment Loudon deplores the absence or poverty of her customs. Nor do we forget that we are paying a high income tax, and few indeed are the households in any rank of life which are not groaning under the incubus of debt contracted in days when the pulse beat quicker and the brain could do its work. But what is all this to the fact that, according to the estimates at the departure of the last mail, five millions of our fellow-subjects are now absolutely perishing from hunger! • • • We have no special taste for appeals to the public benevolence, but we do not see how we can help it. There is money enough in the country somewhere or other. The otaer day a church steeple tumbled down, and they say there will be no difficulty in raising 50,0001. to rebuild it. The steeple can wait, but 50,0001. would be a very handsome contribution from two or three counties to the five million victims of the Indian famine. The Exhibition of 1862 is to met 300,000/., if the valanous "strikes" will let it be built, and we hope it will be built ; but surely the British Isles can as easily raise that nun for the mitigation of a stupendous calamity, and the saving of a million lives, as for seeing works of art. Not to compare them, they am compatible, and the one must be as easy as the other. Surely this metropolis is not about to cry " Enough," when the interests of our empire and the honour of our name are concerned ! Times. Among the petitions which have been sent to the Italian parliament, praying for the recall of Mazzini from arils, the Muhl Italione publishes one from the celebrated composer Verdi, now a deputy. We read in Galignani :—" The rite of confirma tion was administered on Saturday morning by the Lord Bishop of Mauritius, acting for the Lord Bishop of London, in the English Church, Avenue Marbeuf, of which the Rev. Geo. G. Gardiner is the present minister. About ninety young persons were confirmed. It was • solemn sot im pressive scene ; and the earnest and affectionate address of the bishop will not soon be forgotten by those who wore present. The Rev. H. J. Swale, chaplain to the embassy, assisted in the service. The Rev. E. Forbes, Archer Gurney, J. Sergeant, and E. Lowe, British chaplain at Bt. Germaine, were also present." The statue of Daniel Marlin, executed by the aid of subscriptions collected all over Europe, was inaugurated with great pomp at Turin on the 22nd, the anniversary of the Venetian revolution of 1848, in the presence of depute tions from the Senate and Chamber of Deputies, several dis tinguished members of the French press, the Venetian com mittee, the students, Sc. _ The Djeridi lluvadia mentions that amongst the bills recently returned to Galata from London is one drawn by a seis (groom) one cook, and endorsed by a tahaildar (collecting messenger). This valuable document had been discounted by a London bank.—Levant Herald. THE METROPOLITAN UNDERGROUND RAILWAY.— Last evening • public meeting of the inhabitanta and owners of property along the line of the Euston-nod and its vicinity, was held at the Orange Tree Tavern, corner of George-stroet, for the purpose of protesting against the de cision of the committee of the House of Lords, and to pe tition the Howe of Commons to expunge clause it in the Metropolitan Railway Company's Amendment Bill, em powering the company to close the public roads for six months for carrying on the works of the proposed railway. Mr. J. E. Lawfurd, a member of the vestry of St. PROMS, occupied the Asir. A number of speakers addressed the meeting, and dwelt on the serious injury already inflicted, and which would be still further inflicted, by Use blocking ttp of the road aloes the line of route of the railway. This evil, it was mid, was felt more in that parish than in the adjoining parish of Marylebone, for in the latter the build ings along the road were chiefly dwelling.boueee, while those in the latter were for the most part occupied by tradesmen, whose business would 1* nearly, if not entirely, ruined by clueing the traffic for the period specified. It was ►solved to petition the House of (*.salmons against the bill, add to request the co-operation of the borough memben ea the subject. LONDON GENERAL PORTERS' BENEVOLENT ASSOCIATION. Last night a very numerous meeting was held at the School-room, Harp-alley, Farringdon-street ; Mr. G. itOUTLIDGE in the chair. The CHAIRMAN said that the present meeting was cello; with a view of making known the objects of the amsocia- Um' and obtaining an increased number of subscribes amongst the porters themselves. They were already pretty strong in number, the association counting over 2,000 mem. bers ; bat there were at least 30,000 porters in London, and they would be stronger byrodby. (Hear, hear.) They were fortunate in having such men as Mr. S. Gurney and Mr. G. Moore as president and trea surer of the association, and under such auspices it was not likely to fail. They had already col lected a sum of between 3,000/. and 4,0001. That was not a large sum when meant to afford relief to so large a body, but if they were only trae to themselves—for God helped those that helped themselves—that sum would s oon be doubled. He was sure they would receive considerable aid from the employers of porters, but after all they must mainly depend on their own efforts. (Hear.) It only re. quired ss. a year to constitute a member, and surely when they cousidered the advantages which members and their families might derive from such an association as this, ss. a year was not a great or unreasonable demand to make upon their resources. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Hamar proposed the following resolution That this meeting desires to express its satisfaction at the success which has attended the London General Porters' Benevolent Association, by which means a fund has beer raised for the relief of the necessitous porters, their widows and orphans." The objects of the association were to grant pensions to infirm or permanently disabled porters within a distance of ten miles from the Post-office, and to their widows and or phans. The porters were a numerous and a deserving class of persons, and when they could do so much good by the small contribution of Id. a week, he hoped they would all become subscribers. Mr. F. T. Isrrr seconded the resolution, which was sup. ported by Mr. BALL, and unanimously adopted. The SECRETARY read a list of subscriptions amounting to Cr?. Se., of which 42f. was collected by Mr. Routledge--an announcement which was received with loud cheers. Mr. PARNEY proposed the following resolution :—" That this meeting pledges itself to use its utmost exertions to forward the interest of the London General Porters' Bene. volent Association, by subscribing to its funds, and using every possible means to extend and make known the benefits to be derived from the institution." He they would not merely adopt the resolution forma lly, give it an effective support by becoming subscribers. If they did so they might perhaps be able to relieve the 12 cases that would come before them in May next. If they did not, they must reject eight or nine of these cues. He therefore called on them to join the association. (Hear.) Mr. XsanNDAL2 seconded the resolution, which was sup. by Mr. Srevass, a porter in the establishment of portedeir . Trower and Sons, who contributed the large amount of 1151. to the funds. _ _ The resolution was adopted unanimously. Mr. LTraingtt, proposed the following resolution : "That the porters of London desire to offer their grateful acknow ledgments to the honorary subscribers for the large and generous contributions with which they have aided the association, and to express their deep sense of the value c such ready and liberal support." Mr. RYMER seconded the resolution, which was adopted. A vote of thanks to the chairman terminated the pro• ceedings. PARLIAMENTARY AND RAILWAY CON• XITTEEB. HAMMIIISMITH, PADDINGTON, AND CITY JVNC- Ttos R AILWAT. —The committee of the House of Lords that, under the chairmanship of E a rl Grey, have just concluded their inquiry into the merits of this measure for a railway corn menciog by a junction with the Great Western, near Green lane•bridge, and terminating at the Broadway, Hammer. smith, together with two branches to and forming junctions with the West London Railway, and thence by the Metro. politan or underground railway into the City, at an esti mated capital of 180,0001., report, as regards " the number of houses to be taken and the consequent displace ment of the poor," that compulsory powers of purchase given by the bill extend only to 51 house, or cottages tenanted by the labouring classes, and that it is not expected that inconvenience will be experienced, as although thee* houses are within the limits of deviation, and may be taken for the railway, only ten of them are upon the centre line delineated on the plan, and that in the neighbour. hood, the Latirrer•road, where these houses are all situated, and adjoining it there are a number of houses in an unfi nished state, and which have remained so for years, partly for want of funds and want of occupiers, but which are all adapted for the labouring classes. Their lordships report that the line will afford a speedy and convenient communi cation to those of the labouring classes employed in the densely peopled parts of the metropolis, but who reside in the suburbs. CHEAP TRAM FOR mu WORKING CLAIMER ox THN NORTH LONDON RAILWAT.—The following are the terms of the special clause inserted by the select committee of the House of Lords of which Lord Colchester was chairman : "The railway company shall run a train every day in the week, except Sunday, from Kingsland station to Liverpool street, City terminus, and one train from Liverpool-street to Kiogsland, at such hours in the morning and afternoon as nix y be roost convenient for the labouring classes residing at or beyond Kingelanii, and having business in London. at fares not exceeding ld. per paissenser for each journey, provided that if in any period of six months it shall be foundithat less than 100 passengers on the average shall have been conveyed by each of such trains, the company, on proof of that fact to the satisfaction of the Board of Trade, may discontinue the running of such trains, but the Bo ard of Trade may at any time order the resumption thereof by the company if it shall seem to the board desirable." MERIOSETHISHIRC RAILWAY. —The bill for this proposed railway has been withdrawn. THE DILLS OF LONDON. There was a time when great persons rode from the neighbourhood of the Tower, westward, up end down hill ; but it made all the difference in life to them, whether on reaching a certain point they proceeded by Snow and Ho!. hornbills, or by that of Ludgate. The latter sometimes led to the block in Lincoln's-inn-fields or Westminster-yard; but it more frequently took the wayfarer to Weetminster Palace and acceptable greetings, whereas by the other hills, • man who wits the chief object of interest in • procession from the Tower seldom wept to any other exaltation but that to be had at Tyburn ! So went Lord Badlesmere, be. cause his obstinate wife, in his absence, would not surrender his Kentish castle of Leeds to Queen Isabella. So went, subsequently, Queen Isabella's younger friend, Edmund Mortimer. So went bonny Lady Hungerford— that pretty and petulant Agnes, who in • St of imps- tience poisoned her husband, Sir Edward, and swung for it, like the ugliest of felons. It would take a volume totellthe names only of all the villains whose pamagedown Snow and up Holborn Hills wee demonstration clear of their having achieved that "greatness" which Fielding has so happily illustrated. Look, through your fingers if you will, at the solemn spectacle: Generally speaking, it had little of solemnity in it. The herpes of the day were often on good terms with the mob, and jokes were exchanged between the men who were going to be hanged and the men who deserved to be. There they pass, from the Tower, or any one of the City prisons, to the triangular erection on " Deadly Never- Green." There eau Elouthwell, the sweet versifier; sod Felton, the aawwn of Buckingham ; and five of the three score-save-one who signed away the life of Charles I. ; and victim after victim of Titus Oates ; and John Smith, the burglar of Queen Anne's time, the only unlucky individual who ever really came to life after being duly executed at Tyburn. And there, amid the greetings and clamour of a quarter of a million of people, passes, smilingly, that hideous young murderer, Jack Sheppard, whom the brightest talent cannot polish-up into • hero. And there is the doubly. hideous Jonathan Wild, uttering Amen as he picks the clain's pocket of a corkscrew—if the treacherous coward ha enough of the energy of evil left to allow of his com mitting that last felony. A nobleman follows him, Lord Ferree, gaily dressed in his wedding suit; then a noble. man's servant, who for small pilfering suffered the same penalty that his " betters " did for murder. Lord Herring. ton's man rode over the London hills to Tyburn, in a frock of blue and gold, with a white cockade in his het, as a con tinnal assertion of his innocence. That reverend gentleman who succeeds is the very pink of fashionable preachers, Dr. Dodd. He had long lain hid in the house known as Good enough House, at the corner of Gunnersbury.road and Brentford-lane ; and for robbing the Reverend Doctor Bell, the old Princess Amelia's chaelson, in front of that yeti house, that remarkably handsome young highwayman, with sixteen ribands at the epees of his breeches, is going also to " the threeequare stilt at Tyburn," whither Dodd folioed! him.—St. James's Magariee. DEATH OF EX-BARON GREENE.—The Freeman's Journal of yestenlay announces the death of this gentleman. which took place on Saturday, at his residence, Stephen's. green. He was about 70 yeanof age, and only • few days since the members of the bar presented, through their chairman. an address to him, expressing their admiration of his judicial qualities, and their regard of his high character as a man. 'No compliment," says the, Journal, " was ever null worthily bestowed, for the late baron combined filmed every quality to fit him for the high o ffi ce he so ably filled. At a tune a great political excitement, when parties wets more sharply defined than at present, Baron Greene weet remarkahle for the general fairness and mildness of his Hl tieal opinions. Though • strong conservative he never gars anew, and presented • powerful contrast to the virulence which animated the representative nien of the tory PAM at that period. As • lawyer he wax confessedly of the font order. O'Connell used to lay hie opinions had the 4erin 2 l ring of legal power. Almost from the day of his elevatlea to the bench be knew not • day relieved from pain. and Yet he was assiduous in the discharge of his duties , and same et his judgments in the Co ur t of Error were alike remarkable far profundity. perspicuity, and research. He did not bog enjoy his dignified retirement. His death cannot be callei reside], because his sufferings had been intense since ha withdrawal from the bench ; het it is %efficiently amide] in create sorrow among his numerous friends, and regret Out hs wee not spared to eajoy the repose be so honourably earned."