The Press. — London, England, 1853-11-26 00:00:00

710 The abolition qJ the Duty on delrertietineiste enables au to bowl al the price al Three Shillings the Adrertisentents jar which re hare hitherto charger! tire; and Adrer• users generally trill reeeire the full ben•JII of the change in the TO CORUSPONDZIIII. It le bapsasible to acknowledge the mass of letters we reeelve. Their lassetion Is often &lay's', owing to a press of matter ; SW alma omitted, It is frequently front re 11441111 1111114 illde• pedalo of the merits of the . We sows undertake to Mora ail avail ourselves. Clewmunications should always be letibly mitten, and on one Oh attire paper only. If lung It creases the difficulty of Wang apace for theta. Whatever Is intended for insertion must b • authenticated by the setae and 014rees of the writer, not neres isrlly for imbllca fen, but as • guarantee of his good faith. of which we do WO :1n rtoo* LO NDON,SATURDAY,NOVE NI B ED 20,1853. POSTSCRI PT. THE 1101.71t1JON FUSION. Tut fact that the fusion, already so often attempted and frustrated, between the elder and cadet branches of the Bourbon finally, has at length been accomplished, has furnished the great staple of news from France for some days past. The principles on which this rompact is concluded are said to be these That the Count de Chambord is to be recognised as the legiti mate heir to the crown. In e►se of the countess's death, he agrees not to marry again. If he dies childless, the Count de Paris is to poteceed to all the titles of the Bourbon race. This treaty was ratified at Froltsdorf on the 17th, when the Due de Nemours paid a eeremonial visit to the Count de Chambord. The prelituinaries had been arranged with all the formality appropriate to an interview between sovereign princes upon a mo mentous question. Concerning what actually passed on the occasion, we have received the following au thentic particulars from a private correspondent:— " The Due de Nemours went into the room and bowed low to the Count de Chambord. The latter immediately opened the conversation by inquiring after la sante de la bonne HEINE Marie Ami•he ;' to which the ghte replied,' Sire, la sante de ma mere est. rilablie, et je remercie Vtriltg MAJKsTx de vow bonte."lliis settled the matter, and the next (lay the Count de Chambord returned the visit,- In Paris this event creates no sensation. Every one SM . % it. is like everything the Bourbons have ever done 1 1 trap turd." Count Mole, the Due de Broglie, and M. tittizot, are said to have been the chief inter• mediaries in bringing the fusion about. M. 'Tiers, it is added, has held himself aloof in the affair; but several of his friends, and, among others, M. Cousin, quietly approve of it, and have assisted in the matter. TURKEY AND The latest intelligence from the ge at of hostilities is limited to sundry accounts of marchings and counter marching% among the troops on both sides. Accidents of war or weather seem to have caused a temporary pause in the active operations. The Turks appear, however, to have abandoned one, if not both, of the Danubian islands opposite Tnrtukai and oltenitza. Russian amounts of this movement attribute it to fear of an attack. From other sources we derive the explattat that the retreat was occa sioned by the rise of the Danube, which pro mised speedily to lay the island in question nnder water. A large Turkish force was encamped at Kalafat. near the Servian frontier. Strict discipline was said to be maintained among the men, as the Servians were alarmed and jealous for their neutrality. Fluid Effendi has been despatched to the army by the Porte on a mission of importance. lie is to eo. operate in a political capacity with Omer hieha. The Press of Vienna states that some engineers have been sent to Adrianople to make preparations for the reception of the Sultan with au army of 60,01 N) men, which will be concentrated in that city under the orders of ltuschti Pacha, General of the Imperial Guard. The Ottoman Government have obtained a loan of 7,1100,000 f. from the firm of Messrs. lialtaAr.i. General Klapka arrived in Constantinople on the 10th. The Porte refused him a commanit. The l'aris Conatitutionnel contradicts in the most positive manner the report of the French and Eng ] ish fleets, or any portion of them, having entered t ho Black Sea. A Vienna letter 14 the 14th states A rumour that an armistice for three months had been con hided its uthoilly ovutratikta The venibiuva THE PRESS. fleets are still at Feycos. The weather was bolster. 0114. The great powers are endeavouring to induce the belligerent* to resume negotiations." The Grand Luse Michael has been appointed to the command of the Russian army of reserve. This army, it is said, is to be directed upon the Cau casus. The Emperor of Russia, in reply to an inquiry of Austria, is stated to have replied that he will still enter into negotiations if the Porte proposes a pro ject of peace. In Jassy, men have been openly impressed by the Russians into their service, and a number of Jews had been forced to take military service. They were, however, released in a few days, having purchased their discharge at a very large sum. The French Council of state has voted eight mil lions of francs to pay the legacies left by the Em peror Napoleon, by the will which he n►ada at St. elena. Lord Malmesbury has postponed his return to England, in consequence of having received au invi tation to visit the Emperor at Fontainebleau. He went there on Thursday. TURIN, Nov. 19.—The Royal Family has been thrown into great affliction by the serious illness of one of the King's children, Prince Charles Albert, Due de Chablais, who is suffering from the effects of a tall, and it is said the brain has been so much injured that his physicians have given up all hope of his recovery. The Gazette di Genova of the 19th inst., copying from the Parliament° of Turin, anuounees the approaching marriage of 11.11.11. Princess Mary of Cambridge with Prince Napoleon, son of Prince .Jerome Bonaparte. The funeral of the late Queen of Portugal took place on the 19th. The body had previously lain in state three days. INAUOURATION OF THE BURY ATHEN:FUM. A Some': was held on Wednesday at Bury, in Lan cashire, to celebrate the opening of the new Athentrum at that place. Lord Stanley, M.P. for Lynn, pre sided on the occasion, and the festival was attended by several hundred persons, including a large number of ladies from the town and the surrounding district. The present Earl of I)erby laid the foundation-stone of the institution in 1 Nso, the building being designed to supersede a pre, existing edifice which had become inadequate to the wants of the locality. Among the company present were the Lord Bishop of Manches ter, Mr. J. Cheetham, M.P., the Bev. Dr. Vaughan, of Manchester, and Mr. E. (irundy, of the Wyld, president of the institution. The speeches of the evening commenced with an eloquent and most interesting address from Lord STANLEY, who began by expressing his gratification at the occasion that had brought him face to face with the inhabitants of a town between which and his own family there had been a long hereditary con nection. The pm-pose for which they had met, he remarked, was higher and better than the ordinary motives of large assemblies, who gathered together for objects of political contest or social strife, or for mere unmeaning amusement and festivity : " We are met here for a purpose the highest and noblest which can bring together the citizens of a freo state; be ea use we am met hem to do what in us lies to remove from this country the reproach under which we too justly br— ibe common reproach of national itsiorance : because we are met to accomplish a work which we hope and trust will be, not for this generation only, but for our children, and our children's children. Hear, iwer.) I have spoken of this Atheneum as an educational institution, said I be• lieve, in so speaking. lam correct. lam well aware that it is language used by some that education is a thing which properly belongs only to the season of youth: but I maintain that hies is erroneous. (Hear, hear.) 1 hold, that for me. and for every one of us, education is a thing which Twist continuo to the vary cud of our existence. It is a law dour nature. t hir minds am so constituted that wo must necessarily and always he either learning some thing or forgetting something: and it is with the matters of instruetion, as with many others. there is no standing still ; you tuns: go forward or backward. And not only is this the case as regards acquired knowledge, but also in reference to the ',sowers of the mind itself, which, like the body. can only be kept in proper vigour and health by a suceession—a series of efforts and exertions. Those exer tions—let them ass • whatever form they may —are, in faiet, am educational process. (Applause.)" • Referring to the circumstances under which the Bury institution had arisen, Lord Stanley made some allusion to the co-operation afforded by the Earl of Derby in its establishment, and added : This I will venture to say. in my father's name—and I am sure I HMV say it with truth—there is no man in public life, let him belong to what politiesl party he may, who is more deeply and sincerely interested in this great ques tion—the great question of the age—the question of na tional instruction. 'I'M re is no Milli more sincerely de• sirous to raise the working class in the social seale.l(..iii iitusac.)" SATURDAY, His lordship proceeded to remark, as a gratifying circumstance, that a very large proportion of the sum required to build the instituuon—namely, b,OOO/. had been subscribed in small stuns, thus testifying to the interest taken in it by the humbler classes, and that the institution was supported without any call for a public rate in aid, which an act recently passed had entitled them to demand. After dwell ing upon some of the special features and working details of the Athenteum, Lord Stanley went on to offer some remarks upon the general uses and cha racteristics of similar institutions : " There have doubtless been men from the earliest ages of the world—men like Aristotle, men like Bacon, men like Newton—whose intellectual capacity is not exceeded— perhaps is not equalled—by any who are likely to folios them in the present or any future age ; but the difference between the ages in which they lived and the age in which we live is this,—not that individual minds are more power ful, but that the number of minds cultivated and developed is infinitely greater than at any other time. The difference between this and past ages is not merely that more is known, but that what is known is known by a larger num ber of pecans; and this, also, I will say, that in the pre sent day it is scarcely possible that a great intellect—in whatever class of life it may arise, or under whatever cir- cumstances—should he starved and stunted for want of proper culture uml development. It is by means of insti tutions of this nature that we are ready to thruish all those who will bring the will to learn, with the requisite proportion of elementary knowledge, which is indispensable to all study. To all such. I say, we offer the means of obtain ing instruction, unfettered by the obstacles which poverty might otherwise present. (App/tome. ) The time is pretty well gone by when we shall hear of the-danger of educating the people ; we know very well the danger now lies on the other side—that we shall leave them uneducated. (.Ip phoigc.) Nor will it again be argued, as it has sometimes been, that, to open to those who have little prospect of rising above their actual position in life all the sources of English literature, is only to make them discontented with their resent state. I think we have begun to recognise as a pub lic truth that which we all individually and privately feel in ourselves—namely, that there is no greater blessing that Providence has given to man than that power which we have, by means of literature, of living out of ourselves, of forgetting our own troubles and our own individual thoughts, iu the thoughts of the great minds of ages gone by. (Applarow.) If there is a cause for apprehension in regard to education at the present day, it is rather that we may, perhaps, he laying too much stress upon what may be called the purely utilittuian and material pint of education. I du not mean to deny that every inventiou and every dis covery I.y which a nom increases the rower of mankind over nature is a great result not only to the individual, but to the world ; but the number of such discoveries is compa ratively ; and to each man, 1 believe, the great end of education should be, not the vague and uncertain prospect of obtaining future results for the world at large, but that certain reward which he himself will reap in the increase of the intellectual powers, and consequently the augmentation of happiness. I don't believe that any man has ever ob tained great results in literature or in science who did not love literature and science for their own sakes. (Applawse.) I believe it has occasionally been urged against institutions like the present, that those who promote them attach, in the scheme of life, too great an exorbitant value to these as compared with other matters. I think we must all feel that, to any man, knowledge cannot be everything ; that knowledge is power, but that power may lie dangerous. Knowledge brings responsibility; and for him who errs with the power conferred by knowledge it had been better that he had remained in ignorance. But these results are not in our hands • and all that we can say is this,—that the desire of knowledge is natural to man ; that it is one of the strongest instincts implanted in him by the Author of his being ; and that, being so, it is an impulse which he is bound to follow, and that we are bound, so far as in our power lies, to aid him in tAlowing it. That is the object we propose to ourselves,—to remove out of the path of the student. especially the poor student, all those material obstacle.' which would encumber and retard his progress. The results must be left to the efforts of the individual himself, and you may be content to leave them contentedly and cheerfully in the hands of an overruling Providence. arpkruie.r The Lord Bishop of MANCHEETER, who afterwards spoke, enforced the necessity of further developing the great purpose of education, which the institution just inaugurated was designed to promote among the adult population, by aiding in the spread of educa tion among the young. He would not limit his advocacy to any particular system, but insisted upon the importance of the end in view, and contended that, if voluntary efforts proved unavailing, a com pulsory fund should be raised by law to carry it into effect. The meeting was afterwards addressed by Mr. J. Cheetham, M.P.. Mr. R. Fort, and the Rev. Dr. Vaughan ; and, after a vote of thanks to the chairman, the proceedings terminated. FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE. Frido!r, Nov. V. BANKRUPTCY AN N I William Donald, 'Layton Cumberland, cattle ,bailer. BANKRUPTB.—CharIe. Tipple, Baldock, apothecary—James Coupe, Preskm, joimer--Williain Tomlinson, Matiehasteratub. lican—Williaw Booth, irunmouger—Javier P Union•street, 11r144.1. l,HttA t . --William Mama, Stockton-Von' Tees. timber merchant—Jacob Wriccht. Halvwell.street, Shore tlileh—John James, Oxford-street, tittak•rager—likiza biTroll' City•rvaid, linen-draper.) ..._~ --