The Express. — London, England, 1850-08-17 00:00:00

die erfreos. OUTGOING MAILS. Th. us " k g "giber. Melts. Orem, be lonian Islands WU" Ceylon. Iselin, mad Chime. Me Southaraptem. will I M made up es Ka mersias of Meese 20. Ilia magi foe &kik North Ameries. Bermuda, 8414 tbe United Siam. will be med. lip ea Allem 24. Ttte smile for British North Al mein. 14 440184 ‘ • 1481 V d States tell be made ap on Me ereaMt of AmiuSt 4°. The male Kaneilles, te tie Mediterranean. Rapt, India, Reeset-Song, to will 8 1 4 nude tbe amiss of Amuse 24. TA. seine fry Linton. Spain. and Gibraltar will be m ade up on the storeing of Aspen 17 TM Wet India Main, eaeludieg liondaree, Names. eation'', *AM Jolene (St. II seism), mid Melodies Vim m i ls. New (Ironed*, mad Only Town (13 c um de Niarepta) will be made up na Me merging of September 2. TM mein fcr llesiso will be midi sp Ls September 2. TM mess for Kaderia.the and Samos Area, will be malls ale es tin. evening of Sept. 4. Tee mails f ae limasaab. Honduras, Nmeem Jewel, Chili. sad renorill be steels up oaths amain el Sept. 17. PITOZ NATO AT UINDOII =IDOL 0.. 11/o”Teas. 101. 4.0. T••■••••.-11.00102.1 0 ... Aftesmas. 11% 1106. LONDON, SATERDAY, d UG UST 17. CAWNT NESSELRODE and his master are the great doctrinaires of the day. leased of issuing ukases, and rtgalatiog the knout, their ambition is to lay down the grand principles of international law. Accordingly, when any troublous event occurs, any difference between nay two powers of Europe, straight the etas bids his secretary take up his pen, don the doctoral bonnet, and the world is forthwith Moored with a Russian supplement to Varela, that is duly ushered to the world in two columns of the small print of the Tinier. We were thus favoured with a batch of April foolery on the Greek question, full of all the subtleties and quiddities of the Russian Gr.moserez. Bat as not one of our readers would peruse two columns on the Cheek gelation, we were obliged to exclude this mass of Russian doctrine from oar columns, contenting ()erring with a shorter homily upon our TIMM claims. The great effort of NESSZLRODE, and of warm of the knout-worshippers in this country, is to prove that Englishmen abroad are merely entitled to the measure of law meted to the natives of the country where they reside. We need not say that this de pends altogether on the kind of law that prevails there. In some countries the sovereign has full right to all the property of his subjects, and may appropri ate or confiscate it at his good pleasure. Doctors SESSELRODE and STANLEY would have English. men abide by this rule. To which there needs bat one reply—namely, that Englishmen will do no such thing, but must despise the man calling him self a statesman who could propounds folly so servile. Englishmen are at this moment entitled to land and to trade in China, bet we should like to see the hardy partisan who would maintain that Englishmen are to be tried and executed according to the amenities of Chinese law. Count NESSELRODE'S doctrines may be divided into the nonsensical and the common-place. We have sufficiently commented upon the ote. The other consists of truisms, which no one is in clined to die nte. They are so many empty nuts, which the Russian Secretary discharges with the same solemnity and pomp as if they were cannon bans. Thus, quoth the Russian, if Bulls!) property stiffer in a siege or storm, necessarily undertaken, English residents are no more entitled to compensa tion than natives. We agree with this; but at the same time must observe, that if a government is in the habit of granting indemnity for such losses to the sufferers of one coun try, the sufferers of another country have a right to demand it. Thus the property of Frenchmen basing been destroyed by the royal troops cf Naples, the Neapolitan government lost no time in satisfying their claim. We do not tee why Frenchmen or Americans should be instantly paid the amount of their looses, whilst, according to the Russian doctrine, preached by Tonto and Chronicle, Englishmen mast not third' or asking or expecting any such indemnity. There is, moreover, a great difference between un avoidable damage and destruction caused by the ope rations of war, and wanton outrage and plunder perpetrated by soldiers or by victorious parties after the conquest has been achieved. The principal claim of Mr. Hann and other Englishmen on the Tuscan government was, we understood, for wanton destruction of property, perpetrated, not when Leg horn was resisting, but when Leghorn was corn. teLy in the power of the Imperial forces and the authority. Now, we say, that in such a case a government is answerable for the misconduct of its troops. Mr. HALL, or any Englishman who has had his house and stores plundered at a time when war and resistance were no more, and when each acts could only pro ceed from the wanton license of the sol diery, has a fair claim for indemnity. He cannot be told to prosecute the regiment that plundered him, as Nome() was told to prose cute the mob. A judgment in either case would not bring a dollar back into the pocket of the com plainant. Tim government alone can be sued ; and governments, sepecially foreign governments. =set be sued in their own courts. The bare idea bespeaks the mockery of the proposal We were glad, therefor*, to hear that, notwith standing NESSELRODE'S doctoral laying down of law, the British government had ;enlisted in its claim os the Tama government. It is not the amount, so much as the principle, that is important; and never was the principle more necessary to establish than at a time when military governments every where prevail, and not only exist de facto, but are recommended de 'ure as far ssperior to constitutional or any other kind of authority or administration. To speak of no other outrage, we know that the usual fiscal measure of a military government is a forced loan. According to NLSSILRODE, Lord STAN LEY, Times, ()wonkier, and Co., British merchants and residents all over the world must submit to such exactions. Lord PALMERSTON says not, and acts upon it. And we are confident that the British public is for the Downing-street version of international law, and not for the pandects of St. Petersburg and of the Times office. A DISPUTE between the directors of a railway OM pony and their engine-drivers is an occurrence of pub lic interest : for it may, in its consequences, affect public safety and convenience; the supply of compe tent drivers not being as yet so large that the deser tion of that class of railway servants can be easily or adequately supplied. We have, therefore, thought it a duty to furnish our readers with full reports of the dissensions existing between Mr. Goocri, the new superintendent of the Eastern Counties Railway, and the engine-drivers over whom he presidia These reports are necessarily one-sided; they give the cave of the men only, and do not furnish the grounds on which their masters have acted. The facts as therein dated may be exaggerated ; and the inferences drawn by the men from the course Mr. Gooch has thought it his duty to pursue may, it is gaits possible, be altogether unjust. It is indeed more than probable that the fears entertained by the drivers are not wholly justifiable; for a strike of engine drivers appears to follow ev e ry change of superintendent on oar greater lines. When Mr. Bassi was succeeded on the London and North Western by Mr. Connau, the drivers on that line, in their hers of reduced Usand greater stringency of regulations, left in a y e ;and LOW that the Eastern Counties have got a new broom wherewith to sweep clean, the men there have, with just as much unanimity, given Dodos to quit before they have had a month's experience of their new master. They may, of course, have good grounds of complaint, and fair reasons for apprehen sion, but it can hardly be said that they have given Mr. Ganca sufficient trial. Nor do they seem to have taken as a body those means of communicating and seeking explanations which it is indispen. liable to their own justification they should have taken before resolving on a step which may affect the public service. The engine drivers of railways generally are as exemplary body of met : intelligent, skilful, aboriona and sober; taking a pleasure in the duties for which they are eisgaged a pride la the punctuality sad regularity with which they perform their jourseye and acting venally under a doe mane of the heavy respeaeibilitiee of their ratite. A good engine driver is, it truth, as invaluable esnuat : for not only dose he by his pemeteality maintain the repots limi did s line in pablie opinion, bet by taking oars Ms mew, by hie mummy of feel and of oil, he is preelleally one-third at lead cheaper to his a. than an indifferent, careless, or u'isk illkl .as. boars of work are, no doubt, long and laborious; he generally averages 160 milestru a ditylag day. peoperly regulateteempanies he is ad d[ h eat. ployed in driviag every day in the week; but huedaring cos or part of one day, compare- lively light work in the engine -boner, where be is occupied in what is called fitting. Hie work, too, is hinmedone, and armee health; an enginwdriver is generally the f.rst to suffer from aeoi iota, and constant exposure to the weather renders bias liable to complaints is tho glands of the throat ; bolos thebolwarks of kerchieflp with which the neck's of drivers are reteeted. But for hard and hazardoss week engin e-dr iven are highly paid; the wages of • flesbelsm driver will average from flu 6d. to 7s. 6d. a day, and the remuneration deny man resit y eompetest hides an engine rarely descends to less than ss. 6d. =lion on Sundays, too, is deemed overtime , for they receive, at proportionate rates, extra pay ms nt& Care is, moreover, taken by the larger com petes to bring their servants of all classes home every medal; to the plume of their residence, and, where that is impossible, a money allowance is made to them for the double sleeping aooommodation which Is rendered necessary by the requirements of the company. The Directors of these companies also eseosrege and a.sist benefit clubs; a variety of modes of improving the moral condition of the ass have been established by them; and in cases of accident the most skilful surgical aid is supplied, sad every care and attention is taken of the sufferer. In these times of the reduced cost of living, the poli tics, the pay, and the other advantages of engine drivers are vastly superior to the plight of tie work- In%lrian., enerally. high rate of wages is, of course, the close ✓ince cf that inevitable law of supply and demand which regulates all prices, be they of bread or of labour. The demand for first-class engine drivers is still greater than the supply, therefore their remuneration Is large; when the supply exceeds the demand, their wages will fall. If, then, Mr. 00ocu be attempting, by extending the system of fines to occurrences and to incidents for which the drivers are not really tayeasible, to deprive the engine drivers of the Misters Counties of that fair though high rate of remuneration which is the consequence of the relation of the supply of engine drivers to the demand far them, he is acting not only foolishly, but anjeally I foolishly, because he will not succeed; unjustly, be sans@ success would, to the extent of the savings it accomplished, amount to confiscation of the 1110101 legitimate earnings. His proper policy, as it is that of all railway., is to increase the supply of engine drivers, and so le*sen the demand, and reduce the rate of remuneration. Any other attempt to coun teract the greet low of political economy will recoil on railway companies themselves. If, however, on the other hand, the Eastern Cone. ties engine drivers an, because of the deficient supply of their class, and of their consequent power over their employers, endeavouring to ',cape from a sys tem of fines necessary to the proper working of any line, and indispensable to rescue the .Bastern Counties from the ill repute it has for the irregularity of its trains, they are acting most injuriously to their own interests. For that is a tyranny to which employers will not and cannot submit ; and its certain effect' will be that railway companies will adopt means they have not hitherto resorted to, to increase their supply of engine drivers, and so bring down wages. While, then, the misfortunes or low rate of divi dend of a company cannot form any proper reason fur lowering the wages of itsservants—wages being re plated by principles and laws which the pecuniary condition ought not to influence—on the other hand any combination on the part of the men to free them selves from fines required for the efficient woikieg of the company is equally unjustifiable. Between the directors of the Eastern Counties and their engine drivers in this dispute it is not for us to decide : indeed the materials for forming a sound opinion on their diff.rences are obviously wanting. But where the rules of conduct of both are so clear, it will be little to the credit of either employers or employed, if thv public suffer inconvenience by &con tinuance of their disagreement. TnE Board of Health's wafer-cart stops the way, London can get no improvement of its present water supply—in respect of quantity, quality, or distribu tion—simply hem's° governmeEt has undertaken to amend it. Government some time ago took upon it to re form the system of metropolitan water supply, and as a first step called upon the Board of Health to report on the subject. An elaborate report was completed by the board about the end of lut May. It was printed and presented to both houses of parliament. A promise was given that the evidence upon which it ' was based should immediately follow, but Parliament has been prorogued, and the evidence is not forth coming. Government has postponed all action in the mutter till next session. Oar opinion of the report has been expressed on more than one occasion. It is wild and impractical in the extreme. It proposes to abandon all sources of water supply hitherto depended on, and to have recourse to one exclusive source, demonstrably inset ficient, sod likely to yield water of a very indiffereot quality. It reasons about the different qualities of water in a manner that shows its authors to have dipped into some authorities on the subject, and written about it with much the same amount of knowledge and modesty as is exhibited by a certain den of reviewers who undertake to refute a scientific Illik,from which they have gleaned all the little know ledge they possess of what it treats about. The report recommends costly engineering operations, respecting the nature and practicability of which it is obvious that no accurate investigation can have been made by a practical or experienced engineer. The report of the Board of Health on the supply of water for the metropolis never can be acted upon. if la the next or any future session of parliament go vernment is to introduce any measure to promote this object, they must first call in the aid of more trust worthy councillors. Government have at this moment no plan for supplying the metropolis with water is view, and it is unposaible to conjecture when they will be provided with one. Meanwhile the declaration of government that they are resolved to keep the teak of improving the metro politan system of watersupply in their own hands keeps other parties inactive. Several of the old-established water companies have matured plans for substituting new, better, and more abundant sources for those upon which they have hitherto depended. More than one new company—the London (Watford) Spring Water Company —may serve as • tamp% composed of bona fide substantial capitalists— are pa pered to come forward and otter advantageous Isms to the public. But government having indioalei disposition to act upon the recommendations et the Board of Health, and vest the management of do metropolitan water ',apply in a government bard, none of those bodies dare move. If they are to apply to parliament for acts next session, they mast give the statutory notices in November, and from taking such a step the declaration mad e by Sir Gamin GREY on Wednesday deters them. The Home Secretary frankly told them that in existing circum stances it would be the height of imprudence on their part to incur any great expenses. Government and thew Board of Health are in this matter playing the part of the dog in the manger. They have taken n of the question of London water supply, an while they either cannot or will not do anything themselves, they will allow no other parson to act. Nsw BMW( Bolan.—The London, Brighton, and South Cart Railway Company have sods aniutpaisats for resin • stsoesar twit* • week, la majaaillea with the railway, Winos Nimbus or Newhays• (ostordisi to tide, wind, and other sheaminses) sad the Chsasellislands. The only cromesalsados What° Wires& the Wash sad this country hes been hp way Sontliaaeoloa. The sow coats Was opened on W , whoa thollhddisr,Clapioia demon,lisa left Shushan kr Jitney with • loop amber et peaspagers. Tat POTATO Caor.—The blight, m are many to soy, WM prevails ray widely, MI Is appertain sztoadiag the leaves sod ;saw of_the potato ; bet moms, ea with we eat My, ben the illibMs mot Masked repressm the tither seemed, sliest whims We lava it ea the bea st awshcalty that ia a maws et this man a Boa eke woe geld that the whole orsp me sae*, modl trial te he saMe by balm la mod Nib. dye nere *el Missal reet. We thesabs• least that M ae will be sellollsro Inroad TIM it met Mirahle Se poems the revival of a rums amebae, la Oa pale hod for the pset j T a te maths' = hr passel home ki le skis" Main regrew 'myth's' looks most themb". —F.4.afpwar, PARA Avo. 16. Far Money. „dug Wert topeat. Ckring. ——— 6 per Ceuta. —.. l5 13 54 23 66 40 39 35 36 40 6 per Coats. 96 liti 9693 97 10 96 43 1/7 10 6 do. New Lm 0 so .• m It 4 per Orb. II 09 .. a 4 par On% lt .. ... Buiaage at : at diet. S9 OD; MI dap. 115 - fwd 4 MO 3001 lioney. Naples Beatra..... km*, 149 LOCI . Rome Loma 11149 Do. — .. Da 1460 79 De. .. Treexery Bands— 4 ..” Plebeaat 6 peroa4la. 95 15 Bre I 1330 Bomma—Tsrailller OW Conk), 155; Perliimiailleee. 777 " 60 ; Paris awl BPS" 146; Yews and Hater 9111 60; Ar4ese sad ilarmekw. 179; Illreelaaarg and Hats, 116 XII Odom and Vkwace, 6eo; Woo mad Bordeaux. 39113; North, 4I q 90; reek rd e tn , . boar', 244 76; Tour. and Noatis, 136; Itsdosas and Amlarli 17760. r THE EXPRESS, _..BATVRpAI( .. EVE**, 'AVGITST 17, 1850. ' 4 " F AN(ene ' !LEIS, ffitneraliveadte. TM Plaids's!. laving emitted Dim ea tie madV lag of the 14'h by the railway, traversedyfftthe spell of fifteen leagues an hour, the famous viaeyards of Burgundy. The names of stations _are enough to make an epicure's mouth water. Naito, Veers, Beaune,: Meursadlt, presented It tarn their peered. out populations along the viny slopes, the happy mu nicipalities which quaff the generate leper, and the bloused dreamed of the }limbic plant. Tee national swede, by the way, of this region were all rig/erase, blouses. At Chagny, on the verge of the depart- ment, the civil pretest of the Cate-d'Or, M.l 3 :l d e s e, whose lady did die honours at Ode°, was su6. by M. Pierre Leroy, the prefect of the fialos-et- Loire, a red hot Basapartist, es it should seem by his proclamations and toasts, and whose wife, by the way, was still more greaten§ than Madame Pees, having got together 110 of the handsomest young ladies of the department, each armed with a bouquet, to greet the President,olll his arrive], with a Dopy of yam a. At Chsgny the mayor presented a petition from the municipal oonnein ter the immediate revision of the constitution. At Chalon, the emend section of the Lyons Railway terminates. The President here mounted on horseback, and, accompanied by Gen. de Castellano and the rest, repaired, amid the accustomed conflicting trice of " Vive la Itepublique !" "Vive Na poleon !" alto., to the lintel de Ville, where he re viewed the 14th Leger. and the 2nd Lancers. Having bestowed numerous decorations, he turned towards the quay . to embark, but was waylaid by a group of weeping females, who implored mercy for their eons and brothers imprisoned for political motives. These Louis Napoleon treated more graciously than he did M. Noisot, and promised he would propose the mat ter to the Conseil d'Etat. At eleven, off be went in the flag-dremed steamer, bowing to the acclaiming quays. Oa drove th e boat between the bank. which bear the vine, and fields that promise cora and whs.. The Mortifeer counties the following telegraphic despatches: Moon, Asgast 14, Night. The Profilist of the Republic let oat from Chalons-fur. Same, at eleven. Ile stewed at Tolima, ad strived at Nicola at half-past ulna - The inhabitants assembled every where spontaneously en his wage, with the municiPsiilitts ad itaml guards at their head. The shipping dressed with flags, the discharges of nerketry and artillery, the sesimassises of the population, all contributed "la te grt "i heve to voyage of the President the awareness of a semisacias fete. The port of Maim presented an laments ~ours, of population. From the bank of the Saone to the kensetops, the whole line el the quays was crowded with spawn. The review war maguilleent; the receptions widdi ediswed were very numerals. The municipalities erns me muse tem U. most distant points, some from 20 begun off, and in full complement. Lyons, Aug, 15, 41 p.m. The eeseptioe given at Lyons to the President of the Be. surpasses all the hopes of the pot* Mean off.) By far the meet striking incident, of which we have any semunt, in the journey of the Pre sident, occurred on the occasion of his visit to Fixin, whither he went to visit a bronze statue of the Emperor's apotheosis, executediby Redde, and erected upon the estate of M. Noisot, a grenadier of the im penal guard, who accompanied Napoleon to the Isle of Elba. It appears that one of M. Noisot's dearest friends is Colonel Guinard, now languishing in the prison of Donilens, in consequence of a sentence of the High Court of Versailles. Testimony was borne to the hotoarable character and services of Guioard by several moderate members of the Assembly, who took part in the debate on the trans portation law, and in particular by General Fabvier, to whose warm sixech the rejection of the retroactive clause on the third reading was generally attributed, M. Noisot, influenced doubtless by a generous feeling, as well as by the reflection that to omit so favourable an occasion for soliciting his friend's pardon would tie hereafter a source of remorse, did not fail, after the ceremonious compliments of reception, to allude to the painful position of his old comrade, and to solicit the exertions of the President in his behalf. You may easily fancy that neither Louis Napoleon nor his suite were prepared for such a serious doe r to the common places of a formal reception. The President made answer with the c tfended air of one who finds himself trapped into an affront. It is sufficiently well known that the:constitution does not allow the President the prero gative of pardon ; nor was M. Nomot probably igno rant of what all France knows, but merely solicited the exertion of the President's good offices. The answer of Louis Napo:000 is thus given by the cor respondent of the Pays: " I have come spontaneously to thank you fur the pious homage which you have rendered to the Emperor in erecting this statue to his memory. You address a reproach to me which I was far from expecting. The men of whom you speak were condemned by the High Court of Justice; it is the law which has attacked them, and we must all respect it. When the period for amnesty shall have arrived it will ha for the National Assembly to de cide on their fate, and nut for ate:" and the Prince turned on his heel. Whatever be the merit of the reply, it is not to be forgotten that the government of Louis Napoleon had exerted itself to the utmost at the woad and third reading of the Tmnspor "diem Bill to insert a clan e for the purpose of shipping off Colonel Guioard and his compa nions in captivity to Nouka-hiva. The law is that, in order to grant a pardon, the executive must obtain the concurrence of the Conseil d'Etat; but for an amnesty the consent of the Assembly is requi site. As Guinard is admitted on all bands to have exerted himself to the utmost to prevent the foolish outbreak of the 13th of Jane, and only to have joiard in it from a false feeling of honour, one could hardly have singled out a safer instance for pardon, or one which would be more popular ; and to promise that the matter should be referred .to the Conseil d'Etat, would have been a course at once prudent, op.mrtune, popular, and humane. But the occasion was lost ; the expressive reproach of the faithful companion of his uncle's exile at Elba, that Louis Napoleon had proposed a measure for transporting I , ke a felon a gallant and distinguished officer of the empire, must have gone home with singular force to the mark in the presence of that bronze iestue; and the ungracious umbrage with which so natural a request was re ceived, will be longer remembered than the bite of ribbon which ere hung upon frost-bitten remnants of the grande armtle. The People publishes a circular of the Minister of the Interior to the prefect., which it finds in the Courrier Republicain of the CZte d'Or, instructing those functionaries to oppose, in the most decided manner, any demand on the part of the Councils- General for a revision of the constitution, before the legally appointed time. Monsignor Fornari, apostolic nuncio at Paris, has had a long conference with the Minister of Foreign Affairs on the subject of the dispute between Rome and Piedmont. The council of ministers held a sittiog to deliberate on this affair. It is reported that Ferdinand Barret will be recalled. In consequence of the fete yesterday no papers have appeared this morning but the Pays, the Petsple, the National, and the;Moniteur. Probably, for the same reason, the Moniteur don not contain the usual weekly statement of the Bank. TURIN, A t eousit The miaitess aro all bore, sad the bog ki daily expected. The rumour of a proximate convocation of the Chambers is probably unfounded. In cense queue of an approbansiou of an outbreak of popular violas* against the religious oommunity of the Con gests, the ostlend guard have been osUed out, but fortunately the pews has not been broke.. There Is some talk of Santa Rom being soaceeded by Count Cavoxi in the ministry of agriculture and commerce. But as the organs espies log this wish are probably interested in the question of the railway from Veroeti to Coed, this report must be taken eon grotto. A letter has been received by the cabinet from the king. expressing the fullest confidence in his ministers, and the most unqualified approbation of their course in in the affair of the bervites and Freneoni. The queen mother has offered the most feeling expressions of condolence to the widow of the deceased minister. TUSCANY. FLORENCE, Allover S. One of the most important questions that have lately occupied the attention of the government here, I ' and one which is fraught with the greatest interest to , Europe, and especially to Great BntAlill, is that of a commercial league between Austria and Tuscany, and the removal of all custom-bones barriers between ' Vienna and Leghorn. This proposition, which it is needless to observe originated with the Austrian government, has hitherto met with no encou ragement from that of Tuscany, where, ever sines the time of the Grand Doke Leopold 1., free trade has been as mental maxim of the country, and where the most determined oppo sition has been manifested by all classes to a change which could only result in tlin destruction of their present commercial prosperity. Indeed, it is not to be supposed that the exclusive sad protectionist sys tem of Austria could be ever willingly adopted by a country where protection is so objected to that not even a patent law exists to secure the right of inven tion, and where raw products are imported free or at • merely nominal duty. The injury that would bt, inflicted upon the commerce of Great Britain by the realisation of Austrian custom leagues in their fan extension, may almost be considered equal to what Napoleon wished to effect by his continental blockade. As an example of the result of such a change as the one proposed here it will suffice to mention one single article — tha t British cotton twist, which is now imported almost free of duty into Tuscany, and largely consumed by the weavers of the Grand Duchy—once admit the Austrian system, and this article becomes subject toe high and, probably, pro hibitive duty, in order to protect Austrian cotton spinners and manufacturers from foreign competition. According to the recent and positive assurtects of Baldaseeroni ' who is an honourable minister, and would retire from rifle* if the commercial league with Austria were insisted on, there is at present no pro bability of its being carried into effect, and amongst other arguments which he brought forward to combat it, was that of the existing commercial treaty with Piedmont. During that minister's stay at Vienna, he was applied to by the shareholders of the Pistoja and Luca Railway, who are chiefly Austriane, and who are extremely anxious to effect a junction of their line with those of the Lombardo-Venetian provinces, by carrying it acmes the Apennines at the pass of l'orretta, in the Papal dominions, a plan to which the , Austrian government would most readily adhere, since it would constitute a grand military road com pletely across the Italian peninsula, and enable the imperial forces to dash from the shores of the Adria , tic to those of the Tuscan sea in the brief space of a few hours. The Austrian minister, Bruck, to whom Baldest( roni referred the shareholders, admitted the interest which the government took in the project, but regretted that such opposition had been encoun tered, on the part of his Holiness, ai to render its , immediate execution impossible. Wiyhout some such exit the line from Lucca to Florence, iii Pistoja, must certainly prove a very bad speculation. ACOUST 9. A semi-official paper haring announced that the military instruction of 1,400 recruits was &brut to be confided to foreign officera and sub-officers, the Tus can non-commissioned officers of the first r.giment of the line, quartered at Pisa, have addressed to the Willem. of War a protest against a measure which they conceive to be injurious to their honour. MALTA, Auovet 11. Tne Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Indus came in this morning, at 7 a.m., from Alexan dria. She was not expected until the lath. H.M. steamer Merlin will carry on the mail to Marseilles, at 1 p.m. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Rusin', which lett here on the 27th ult. for Constantinople, said to relieve the Erin, running be tween that port and Constantinople, is hourly ex pected here on her return to England. The fleet still continues cruising off the port ; all the ships have been in and completed water, &c., for three months, except the Queen, expected to come in to-morrow. It is still rumoured that the admiral will go out in the Queen after the arrival of the overland mail on the 13th, and proceed to the westward, but the fact is no one knows anything about his future movements: I do not believe that he knows himself. The fleet is perfectly healthy. The French steamer Eclaricas came in yesterday, from Tunis and Tripoli. She brings UP accounts from the latter place of the cholera having appeared and carried off some thirty persons in a few days. There is only one doctor in all Tripoli. The French liners Jupiter and Volney, with the Cacique steam-frigate, have left Mail for Lisbon. The Psyche and Sane only remain there. It is said that the screw steam trigate Pandora, now at the Firefly, is ordered to Tunis. The French ships will remain until the return of the Turkish squadron to Constantinople, as there is a report that it is intended to act against Tunis, the Bey of which is greatly in arrears of tri bute-money. The cholera attacks amount to about sixty per diem, and the deaths to forty : so says the official ac count. It has ceased entirely among the troop*. The fact is, that all who are really attacked with cholera die, if left to the tender mercies of the Maltese doc tors. They will not go near a patient, and deter others from doing so by telling them that the disease is contagious. The priests, too, refuse to administer the extreme unction. This conduct of the priests so disgusted the bishop that he ar . d hie chaplain went to Caspieus on the Bth, and administered the sacrament with his own hands to all the sick in Caspicua. One would have thought that this act of the bishop would have induced his clergy to follow his example ; but it has had no effect upon them. PRUSSIA. The KAP. Zeitung by a Wegraphie despatch, dated Berlin, August 16, stating that Austria had roma the establishment of a general and mental sammissisa tee the administration of the property o f the Band. The name paper adds, that, aeon lsg t o privabe latelligeses from as authentic, ewes, the Vienna Wises had come to a decision which would S=W to a satisfactory adjustment of the 6 relative to the transit of Baden troops. Dana. Aram 16.—Voleateey Lisa, 1064 ; NewLeaa, ToovariPlialf per Goat., 9911 ; Nat West Debt. 664 ; Osnaarial Kenai Eleelety's Pretateet.llol ; Doak Rum, 67 Tama. AUGUST 14.—five per Coat. lietallique. 964 ; reawastio-Helf per Ceuta, ditto, 64 ; Beak abane,ll6o. Ifesebriass ea L0w1e5.11.43. THE PEACE CONORESS AT FRANKFORT. The friends Of peace from various countries in Ramps, and from the United States of America, are about to hold their third amerces at Fruckfort-on the-Maine. A large party of delegates and visitors, upwards of 600 in number, will proceed from this country, special trains and steamers having_been engaged to moray the company direct ham London to Frankfort, via Dover, Calais, Mailers, and Cologne. They will leave the Lmdou-bridge Station on Monday the 19th in, at 4 o'clock, and will reach Frankfort on Wednesday night. A large number of delegates have arriv,d from the United States of America, including men of high influence both in the literary and political world, and not the least interesting among the American delegates are two ministers, one of whom is a Red Indian, who, 12 years ago, we. a hunter in the forests of the far west ; the other a colnursd man of pare negro descent. They are both gentlemanly and well educated men; are highly esteemed u ministers in America. The sittings of congress will commence in St. Paul's Church on the morning of the 22nd inst., and will continue on thel23rd and 24th. The Friesian government has united with the French and Belgian governments in exempting the English and Amen- ma party from the ordinary regulations as regards passport., nor is their baggage to be subject to Customs-home march. Blihu Herrin _end the Rev. H. Richard (the secretaries of the Louden Penn Cowen Comrnittee), have been en gaged daring the lest sM weeks in visiting many of the most important cities and towns in Germany and Prude, In eaeh of whisk places the have obtained niter* views with some of the mast infleeatial men, by whom they have boss cordially reesived, and who have manifested la L'a warm sympathy the proposal to hold the emigres in Germany. Their Interview with*. venerable Berm Hum boldt, at Potsdam, was ezmedingly interesting. A very amo ral desire bad been expensed that he should be nominated as president of the mengues, and Messrs. Benin sad Richard conveyed to him this Invitation en the part of the 001111- =Moo, but his great age pretested him front meoptiag it. He 'erased, however, kis warm approval of the movement, and promised that he would address a letter to the magma to that effect. _ - sobiles sad several other members of parlimiest have sagged to be premst, as have M. Battle de OhrartUs. sad some other members ot the Freaah bletioael Amiably. Then will oho a lap ileigaties twos Belgium. TUSCAN CLAIMS. • The following. is a copy of a despatch of Count Neseetrede to Berm litentow, with reference to these St. Petersburg, May 3. Mesa leer le Berea—The cabinet of Vetoes has imparted to us the inatnutioas wide!' is treassalited, seder dies of April 14, to its chargé d'effeires at London relative to the indemnities claimed by England from Tuscany for damages caused during the wand% of Leghorn to some English sub- pets, is well as Ie the eesaminatory insinuations with which the English minister at Floret:es has accompanied *cm reelemations. The Attention government, in leopards'; M us then Instructions, has expressed the wish that we' elliall mappers la London the considerations which 80011 Iwo bees charged to establish. We partake too oumpletely the pebelplee which serve as base to this pea:seed log set to eseeM is the request made to us. As so European gesWet interested in the meintenance of the hsdependence roe states of •seeendary rank, as wallas is the preservation Girths Internal repass of Italy, we cannot bat share in the sentiments and political views which have been frankly ex pressed by the Austrian government. In fast, aesording to the rules of internatimal law, u we understand them, it would be difficalt to admit that a sovereign forced as the Grand Duke of Tuscany has bees by the obstinacy of his rebellious sabiects to regain posseulon of a city occupied by instwronts, is held to compensate benign subjects ter the damage which they may suffer by the assault of that city. Whoever establishes himself in a lc/feign country accepts voluntarily beforehand the chance of all the dangers to which the country may be exposed ; and as be shares the advantages granted to the natives, is he cught to resign him self to partake in the calsmides to which they are subjected. External Of eiVil war enterseridently into the category of these chances, the effects of which, deplorable doubtless, but often bads pendent of the will of men, strike in a hesieged tcwn the innocent and the gent?. Lcghnrn revolted, and refused obsinately every offer of peace. It was necessary to em pley arms for the reduction of the city ; to force an entrance into the houses; to penetrate into the shops from which the soldiers were fired upon; censequently, if it the dis orders and hazards inseparable from the assault of a city, some Eaglish proprietors were involved in the damages suf fered by the proprietors of the country, it is impossible to see why they alone ahou!d have the richt to is indemnified fur their losses, when the Tuscan government is not held to indent, ily its own sub'', cts. Tam reasons seem to us so clear, that Tuscany basing applied to us for our arbitration in this matter, the Emperor, notwi balancing the lively interest he takes in it, has not deemed it possible to comply with this request. It appeared to his Majesty that this was not a mere queen of Bialys of the amount more or lass consider ' stale elan indemnity to pay ; but that, not being ebbs to admit the principle of any indemnity whatever, if claimed as a *titinatc right, and still less if demanded by force, hie Majesty would have the appearance of sanctioning implicitly this principle, by aff toting his arbitration between the two parties suppaaing that England consented to admit the same. Mince 'Tuscany is disposed to enter into the way of concilia- I tory • xplanetions, our intention is far from seeking to divert her from an amicable arrangement with the English go vernment. But we expect from the justice and moderation of the English government itself that it will only employ asociliatory measures, and it is our duty to take this occa ekes, in so far as we are concerned, to make our reserves urn what we regard as far from conformable to the esta blished maxims of intereatienal hew. By bestowing the slightest degree of that attention welch is due to the obser vations of the Austrian government, the cabinet of London will racily perceive that here one of the grsvest questions is mooted for the autonomy and independence of all the states of the Continent. In fact, if the right which Eogland is seeking at this moment to establish with regard to Naples as well as Tuscany, come to be once admitted as a precedent to use on all occasions, it would result that British subjects would enjoy abroad an exceptional position very much superior to the advantsess enj .yed by the inhstetants themselves, and the governments which received them would be placed in an intolerable posi tion. Instead of being, so heretofore, a benefit for the coun tries where they establish themselves, and whither they bring with their wealth and industrial means those habits of morality and order which distinguish so honourably the Baldish people, their presence would become a perpetual in convenience, and in certain cases a veritable plague. It would be for the fomenter' of sedition an encouragement to revolt, for if behind the revolutionary barricades were to rise continaslly the menacing eventusloy of future reclamation in favour of English subjects injured in their subs Inc. by the repression of rebellion, every sovereign whose paritiro, or relative weakness exposes him to the cocre:ve mec.eures of an English fleet, wouli find himself narsljzol at the moment of insurreetion. Ti, admit that. the revolt once mastered, • foreign government has the right, in order to procure compenervion for the ineeitsble consequences, to examine in detail the measures employed to put it down, to discuss the nature or cont st the necessity or propriety of these measures, would be equivalent to recog nising that forego government as a judge is all internal gut stints between 'overdone and rebellious subjects, and as supreme authority in the basieess of government. I reed not add that the Emperor can in nn case subscribe to similar co! sequences, and that he is decided, for his part, not to enter into any compromise upon the principles of inter national law, which we have set forth above. However well disposed be may be. and may always have been, to receive with kindness tudividusts belonging to the British nation, for the character of which his esteem is sutfi.it oily knows, nevertheless if reclamations of the same kind as those which are made in Sicily and Tusc.ny ever came to be supported by any other measures than those of concilia tion, his majesty would find himself inevitably induced to examine and determine in a more forestal manner, the condi- 'ion. under which he would in future consent to grant to Britieb stihjec , s the rights of residence and property within his watts. _ . . You are instructed to communicate my reflections to the first Secretary of State, by conveying to his knowledge the Prevent despatch, and handing him a copy thereof. We hope that he will receive them in the spirit of impartiali7 which has dictated them, and that he will not lo•er eight of them in the conduct about to he adoptea towards the courts of Naples and Tuscany. Their cause is the cause of all well( states, whme existence is only guaranteed by the tutelary princ•ples which we invoke in their favour. At the present moment pthba7s more than at any preceding epoch the respect of these principles by the great powers can alone pre serve Europe from toe gravest perturbations. Receive, &c. AMERICA. (By Electric Telegraph.) (FROM OCR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) LIVERPOOL, SAITRDAT MORNING. By the steam-ship Asia, which has just arrived in the Mersey, we have dates one week later than any here tofore to hand from the New World. This ship left Boston on the 7th inst., and made the usual call at Halifax on the 9th. She brings a full cargo and 110 passengers. The Slavery or Compromise Bill,as reported by com mittee, had passed the seuate, the clauses respecting California and Texas having been first expunged. Congress was engaged debating an indepeedeut bill as regards California. Eighteen hundred volunteers bad offered them selves to Governor Bell to march against New Mex ico. They had been accepted. The commercial commmuni!y of New York have been staggered by the stoppage of Soydan and Co., a house largely engaged in the produce trade. Their liabilities are stated as high as 2.000,000 dole., but with favourable assets; the failure will be most severely felt in the west. The millers and bankers of Ohio, 31tsaissippi, and Indiana will be great sufferers. The secretaryship of the interior, declined by Mr. Grier, had being offered Mr. J. P. Kennedy, with a choice of the war department. On the let a large force of labourers left New Or leans to prosecute the Panama Railway. On the 29th July the ship Alice Bentley, from Li verpool, was lost near St. John's ; crew and passengers saved. From llavannah, dates to 27th July, received by the Great Western at Mobile on the 2nd inst., report that some of the American prisoners were still con fined. One of the captured ships was offered for sale. On the 11th and 12th ult. a terrible hurricane was experienced at St. Martin's, &c.; several English vessels were wrecked. Business throughout the union has been improving during the week. The market for breadetaffs was still quiet, and prioes are unaltered. Western Canal flour, 5 dots. 50c. to 5 dots. 623 e. Genesee, prime wheat, 1 dol. 44e. to 1 dol. 46e. per 60lbe. Southern wheat, 1 dol. 1 18 e. to 1 dol. 20c. per 601 b.. Indian corn, round yellow, 62 to 64 cents. per bushel, very firm. Indian corn, fiat yellow, 640. per bushel ; ditto southern white, 620. to 64o.'per bushel ;Indian meal, 3 dol. to 3 dole. 12jo. per barrel. Other quotations a shade lower. Corrow.—New Orleans and Mobile, mid. !air to fair, 13/ to 141; upland and Florida, mid. fair to fair, 13j to 131 per lb. Ashes are in fair demand. Pearls a shade easier. Sales, 200 barrels, at 6 dole. 121 c., and pots at 6 dole. Iron is steady but quiet, at 19 dole. to 25 dole. cash; 20 dole. to 25 dole., six month., for pig, or ld dole., six month., for English. FroviSions—Demand for both beef and pork heavy. Lard in fair request. Freights were improved at steamer's departure. Exchange on England, 110 to 1101. Paris, 5.22. Hamburg, 361 to 36. Bremen, 70j to 79:. TWO DAYS LATER BY TELEGRAPH TO HALIFAX. We have reorived by telegraph, via Halifax, two days' later news from New York, bringing dates dowa to td evening of the bth. Tte Georgia sod Cherokee steamers had arrived at New York en the Bth inst., bringing 300,000 dollars is go he ld incre duet. The production of gold d uet was greatly on tase. There is nothing important to notice in tte ca m , menial intelligence, save a decline of ,t rect. is cotton. INDIA AND CHINA. THE OVERLAND MAIL. We have received oar despatchee in anticipation of the Overland Mail from India. The news from lion,, bay is to July 3, Calcutta and Singapore is doive to the tad and lit of July, and Hong-Kong 22ed of Jane. The regular Bombay snail has not attired, Sir Charles Napier had resigned the command. Lord I Dalhousie accuses him of diver,' acts ot Narein Sing and thirty-eight Sikh pr:soners had escaped from Allahabsd. Tbe Governor of Pordi cherry has died. The export duties on sognrs and ru-r.s are abolished throw:lima ladle. The indi,ro crop is the pavan and China has not been succei,ful. Commodore da Cunha, the new Potte4wse go vernment of Macao, arrived on the 26th ot May. ice new Emperor of China has petmitttd tie ex'ste: ce of Christian sects, and will probably permit the opium loads on payment of duties. Trade in Calcutta, especially that of sugar, sa tpetre, Indigo, and co*ton were brisk. The Austrian L'oyd's et tester E uropa , made the run from Alexandria to Tries'e in 6 dsys 19 hours. The L,ndou Mail of 24th May reached Calcutta in 36 days. Cholera her broken out in Alexandria. As above stated, there is no Batahay mail ; we are, therefore, without c,mmercial thence, although, through the medium referred to I T our cur„ respondent, we have received from h; n 1 the following letter : Bum] i• tv An express leaves to-day with a packet to meet Me Calcutta steamer, touching at Madras La 1.. r WIC tO Suez, and by it I send you a hew lit's on what hoot transpired since our last mail left. The mot soon u yet cannot be said properly to have set in, aid up to to-day we have had only about eighteen inches a fall. The number of deaths last month was 1:: .2, of which cholera and other epidemics carried ,d 231, and seven were caused by violence. isi g is a great reduction nn the mortality during the three months preceding. The Bank of Bombay has de clared a dividend of three per cent. for the ps" half. year. They might have given nearly four, ::ad :by not lost upwards of 8,3501. on sale of government a curities—foar per cent. paper, which they are rrt dually getting rid of, ana putting their capita. better use than baring it locked up in paper no: at 13 per cent. discount. The net profits of the hank from January to June were 20,3411. Mr. Ass:s'ant- Surgeon D. Castello, MD., civil surgeon it Inuit, has been tent to Poona in the same csplcity.—Mr. Assist: Surgeon W. F. Babingt , n erg apptirid staff-surgeon and medical stere-kneper. T:.e :atter gentleman had been appointed civil surzion, whet it was remembered lie had not passed an ex ,rr ra';on in Ilindoostanee, so this had to be carce.:• r! p.!.d hs provided for elsewhere. The three bertf.. • •rs• betwixt two were formerly all held by ob.. cAn. It is said that Dr. Doig, a superintending cjr2(-CT, now at home, has offered to retire on rec:ving a binus of 4,:i00/. from those below him on the Ile. The Oriental Hank has purchased ex•rn-ire 1 r•,mitei •in Rampart-row for 8,009/.1 it is winiated I that other 2,11001. will be rup•red to be lard out in fitting them np. Mr. A. S. Ayrtor, so:icitor, who lately re'urred to England, has had his ri,,me struck eti the roll of our Supreme Court, with a view. as is tilt - n.14:1", if o enteringthe late himu a f h a i s p L a bserftrhsaterhaateehohmee;e—Ttehleeataewdo men from confinement, no clear evidence appear ingo against them as to the fact of their having fired the ship, though the strongest suipieon rested on them. The construction. or Irather the completion of, the breakwater cc's' le the Customs' basin, is to be, for the prean', ' • " cloned: an immense sum has already . been esptr. on the undertaking. The old brig Taptee..n%s r; been transmogrified into a !nig, has handed over to the harbour police, in 7.271 . . of the old hulk Zenobia, which is to e sold. Toe steam frigate Semiramis, late.y turned from China, is in dock; her engines arc in bid condition, and her mainmast Ivis been feu-.d -) I be sprung, so she cannot return to her stat •:r some titne to come. A beautiful statue of re .re Mr. Norris, wcretary to government, has just b,.e: opened to view in the Town-hall, where it is to erected on a pedestal. It represents alt min !sta tor, or law-giver, holding in the left hand a r).l .f MS., on which is inscribed the words. eI.OII of the Code of Laws;' Mr. Nurris hi. rg been president of the committee of in 1827. We look for the mail of the 7th of J , :r.e morrow or next day. All at Poor.a is gaiety and pleasu:e, and a grand ball comes off on the 1• . :11 at Government-house. Dapoorie. From Malwa the Tones gives the foilowirg lever. The authos.ties seem determined to oast ail the officers thee suspect of being inimical to the resi dent, and this is doing more to damage Mr. reputation with the public than appears to be inn gined : MALWA. JUNE. 22, ISSO.—A grand party was given •, the resident a short time ago, by the 3Jrd N. 1.. and Ir. the resident's health he favoured the company war. speech, well delivered. The health :f the army was drunk, and a tine old duck with great siren 4 thanked the company, end sat down, showing his - sue . I senar;in so doing. Lieut. Scott, late of the 3r d Bombay Cavalry, died a short time ago war blehi•lpoo . r, are v., brought into that station for interment. Colonel Robinson, political agent at seemuch, has also gone to his long home, poor man, generally and most sincerely regreitid s better shikaree, a more sincere friend, or more honest I upright man, nevi r breathed. Lieut. Edwards, adjutant of the cavalry of the Maidpoor Coniiegent. has been tem 'vsl from his appointment, and thereby hugs a tale. lie; or. has it that. a circular has gone round to cer:lin piliticals is Malwa, with strict orders from government prohibiting Ull• tied rfimen from selling anything. even if the v due of rupee, to natives under their jurisdiction. The Malwa cor resp orient of the lionshay 7 i.e., is said to be the cause of the order. and of many other little instructions wk.& have been received in • confidential way of late. The resident has appli,d (or the services of Ensign Mildmay. '2sth B. N. I. and it is said that he will be appointed to the Malwa Bheel corps, whether as second in es:mm=4 or adjutant, is not known. It was supposed that, in consequence of the financial state of the funds from from which the corps is paid, no second o:tic.r would be ap pointed. Captain Durand, political agent at Bhopal will be appointed to Neemuch ; and Captain E'en most likely will be sent to Bhopal, as he has acted so frequently. and is the senior civil officer in this part of the world. It is supposed that the political dutbs at Bhopawar will short!) be g:ven to Captain Stockley, as the Rajahs of Jsboah and Buwanee will soon he of age. on which event the salary of the guardian, Captain Wilkie, will lapse, and bis appointment would not he worth keeping. But as the political agency of Mehtilvor is likely be fore long to be Jr.,.. away with, and the dici,s conducted by an assistant stationed at Rudman, it is sup posed Cap tain Wilkie will be appointed. Lieutenant aylor his returned to his duty, and Shout Al:y has lost his acting employment. Captain Harris has dtputed from Males to join his corps, and if report is title, and prevailing ea moues are not gross falsehoods, he has been most shamefully used, and has hail no fair opportunity of proving the charges he sent in, and, what is more, has been refused common justice. The atftir betwixt the insurgent Roliiilss and the Nixam appears to have been settled. The following letter gives particulars : 11vner.stixu, JCNII 13.—1 n my litter of the loth, I he liens I had informed you, that beside the two (buttons made over to the Rohillu by the N iram ' s g overnment, the liohi:,‘ chief, Aaiun Khan, in the confidence of government Pa tilt ployed over it, r t tot) them histermsos n w d t the e me p he l: v ia c a to s re hostages vered their personal safety. Notwithstanding: all these implied guarantees—for the government could not be supposed to have substituted the Gauen' to the chance of death in the room of another, and Azim Khan obviously relied tan such an opinion,—a bombardment on the college the Robin's occupied was commenced at two end cont nuod till seven o'clock pm. The government graduallf accumulated nine guns at the plane, though two oil/ could he put in position to tire upon the college. littleli m ri d ng th w o u on ba ly d c , h h a u n t „ of cutting their way thro u g h the assailants at nigh: et t d o am th ar e Itowhilulasd,olntitei tiontheteuelaCilf.i: was more an affair of desperation from the numbers—Sew to be more than 3,000—0 f their opponents occupyiTS Abe narrow streets of the suburb'. The liohillshs, at . i • ven • agreed to release the Guiana and the hostages g Asian Khan the nest morning, which was secorliagly done, the Rohillahs receiving two subordinate Arab of I II*" sums again as hostages for their safety. Af.er this rrle!gs of the prisoners, notwithstanding the risk to , the Aram, the firing commenced again, though at such distant inter: yaks, as to mark that the intermediate period was r 5 down their SSW, and yielding thews. lees up t the lusTq .; , o ' ui ploy t e h d e the government. One hundred and sisty-tive wen e innoskilettlaltsing, terms. aboNoutterfp'4.mll.°weuebvitmitteudefe, lagraisl made petal:lo4M Ndeven axe said to have Wen laid mo