The Express. — London, England, 1855-08-30 00:00:00

, r.•I Ifte xVrtlStii• TO CORRBISPONDBNTB. deertleereesti Wee bid for ..lb Ilaproe," Ueda' ltieelsby paper, nom be .t the Orike, 10, Ileeverfeeereet, b Two *•cloak ea tbe day el pablieetioa. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tine Dot—Morslng, 'b. Tersasow —Menlo& 41. Ns. Memos, 41. Ws. LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 30. ENGLIBIIIIIN can give free scope to their admira tion of the conduct of the allied troops in the battle of the Tchernaya without incurring the reproach of national vanity. Our countrymen, on the 16th of August, were me►e spectators of the skill and valour of their gallant brethren in arms. The !merry of the French and Sardinian troops, their discipline and adroitnear in manceuvriog en mass., and the self reliance of the individual soldiers, are beyond all praise. And the Turkish battalions which were engaged with them in repulsing the Russians have proved bow rash and unfair was the judgment pro nounced by many on the whole of the Ottoman army, because Mite raw levies gave way prem►turely on the day of Retaklays. The Russians on the 16th were *Twig in numbers, and noway dr flcient in thatdogged stubborn hardihood which a characteristic of their , race. It would appear, too, that the whole Russian army—with the exception of the artillery—had been liberely supplied with what has been ill naturedly end unjustly called "Dutch courage." It required both the manhood and the adroitness of the French and Sardinians to beat back such assailants. Of tete death-charge of Balaklava it was remarked by a Rena officer, who was an on-looker, that it was "magnificent, but not the way to make war." This cannot be said of the mar movies of the French and Sardinians on the Tchernaya; in them, buoyant contempt of death was controlled and directed by perfect professional know- 1 ledge, and by a promptitude in applying that know ledge, on the spur of the moment, as emergencies (*Bid for it, that sweats to genius. Our corre spondent late on the Danube, who has gained a European reputation by his graphic and glowing portraitures of the Turkish military operations of last year, has been inspired by the gallant spectacle of the 16th to outdo himself. To do justice to the com batants on either side we can only refer our readers to his letter published in our yesterday's impression. All that it is necessary to add on our part is, that after the battles of Alms, Beleklava, Inkermann, and the Tchernaya, and the various assaults upon Sebastopol—not excluding even the disastrous repulse —there is no exaggeration in saying that the Allied Army now before Sebastopol has never been sur passed, and is one with which a truly great general might do anything. - - - Bet whilst it is our duty to do ample justice to tbe deserts of the army, it is equally our duty to wars against any exaggerated estimate of the importance of the victory of the 16 hof August. That it is s heavy blow and great discouragement to the Rte inns is certain. They were both surpassed is b r y and physical strength, and ont-geno- Tall, d, by their opponents in the battle of the Tchernaya. Their loss in men, too, has been severs. There are, moreover, symptoms which show that their army is in a condition that pre disposes it to be beyond measure discouraged by such a check. It is remarked that the dead left by the Russians on the field belonged principally to regiments which had newly arrived in the Crimea, and that must of the men were either below or above the age at which recruits for the army are generally received. It is added, that the gaunt faces of the prisoners beeped( great privations and suffering un dergone by them during their forced marches to the theatre of war. Again, the Russian officers who fell into the hands of the Allies on the 16th speak d their expectation that an attack would have bees made upon the lines of the Allies in front of Sebastopol simultaneously with their at tempt to force the position of the Tchernaya. That this expected attack did not take place would seem to imply either • want of proper concert et subordination among the Russian commanders, se some insuperable difficulty in bringing their soldier' within the fortifications to act. It is clear, therefore that the battle of the Tcherosya hu been not only a severe blow to the Russians, but a severe blow dealt to an adversary already enfeebled by over-exertioll. All this is extremely satisfactory ; but it must not be forgotten that, after all, the victory of the 16th was, on the part of the Allies, merely an attack of the enemy beaten back. It has not advanced their objects in the least—it has merely frustrated thole of their opponents. At the Tchernaya the Allies remained on the defensive—the offensive part was taken by the Rusians : and it would appear, from the letters received by the last mail, that an expectation was prevalent, at least in the English camp, that notwithstanding the severe check expe rienced by the Russians, their attack might be re newed. It would appear from this that the Allied Army in the Crimea is still, notwithstanding all the recent successes that have attended it, in the equivo cal and unsatisfactory position of being at once a be sieging and a besieged force. And here, matters standing thus, candour compels us to repeat the protest we have so often recorded, against the per tinacity with which the Allied Com mandersatill appear to chug to the project of taking the fortifications of Sebastopol piecemeal, without previously beating the enemy in the field, and investing the place com pletely. It is evident that the Russians are preparing to hoed out every separate stronghold to the last. The nature of the ground, the strength of the forti fication', the dogged pertinacious courage of the Russians in defence, all prognosticate that the cap ture of Sebastopol by the plan e hitherto adopted will be attended with an immense loss of life, and may be procrastinated to an indefinite period. Now, we are quite aware of the truth of the remark which we hear io many quarters, that Russia is wasting her strength in the efforts that she la making to retain Sebastopol. But it must also be remembered that though the superior resources oldie Allies enable them to maintain without similar es bawd ice a protracted struggle—for them, too, there is danger io delay. No mere human bring can read the future; no one 011111 stay with certainty that events may not occur, if the war is spun out, either in the interior of England, France, or Sardinia, or in the relations of the great European and American States, that may materially impede its further progress. In war, all delay is dangerous. The true policy of the stronger party is always to posh forward and bring hostilities to • dose as soon as possible, lest actions seen difficulties should arise. And the Allies are the stronger party in the present struggle. The Russians are no match fur them in the field, either is attack or io defence. This has been proved on the Alms, at Inkermann and Bala's'', and now on the Tchernaya. Besides, this last victory has not only disheartened and demoralised the Russians, it has arrested that demoralisation which reports, too well authenticated, represented as spreading in the ranks of the Allies. It would now be an easy matter for the Allies to best the Russians from the &Id, to invest Sebastopol, and to force its garrison to warrender blt the prreure of bungee, disease, and 'apatite° to our bombs and rockets. But General qpiless's o of the day on the victory of the Tel:/O'Day& forbi to hope that this strategy will 08 stleilyS>, It is parent that the General—of course in oonCart with his Allies—means only to grasp the Russians in the field "with glove-guarded hand." "The English cavalry," he says, "and the Sardinian equadrons were ready to second General MOKRIti'I3 brave Chas sears d'Afrique, if the pursuit of the enemy could have usefully added to our success. But I did sot lose sight of the object of our great enterprise. I desired to economies your blood, after having obtained a result which once more proves your superiority over the much•vaunted Russian infantry." We contras that this premature check of the irresistible advance of the victorieue' troops appears to us to have been a sad mistake. T tie Russians were in fell retreat, and incapable of fur cher resistance: it is their blood, and not that r i g the French and their Allies, that has been aeon °Wee& The thunder of the Allies has been checked, in mid volley, and the enemy flu been spared a complete rout, in order that many valuable lives may be wasted in repeated assaults upon the complicated defences of Sebastopol. gbe Court. OSBORNE, ADOOST 29. The Marquis of Bread&lbaue remised on a visit Ito her Majesty yesterday, and left Osborne for London to-day. The Hon. Beatrke Byte line anesreded the Hon. Mary Beheld as Maid al Honour is Waiting. Tbs Earl and Countess Granville lift town yesterday miming for Paris. TILE QUEEN'S VISIT TO FRANCE. -..-- (From ths llorsileur) The Queen of England has just quitted our hos pitable shores. Her visit will be remembered as one of the greatest events elan epoch fruitful in novel and remarkable incidents. Let us salute once more this august Princess, the messenger of concord and peace! Let us salute, with her, her youthful family, the hope of three kingdoms, and her royal husband, who has so well understood the genius, the manners, and the atts of France. It is not the first lime that crowned heads have visited our country. Peter I. came here to study civilisation, to employ it against civilisation itself. The Emperor Joseph 11. here showed himself more a philosopher and a critic than a monarch. The one and the other excited the curiority, not the sym pathy, of the public ; and the nation regarded with indifference thee' travellers who were not its guests. The presence of Queen Victoria, on the contrary, has moved the whole French nation. From Boulogne to Paris, from Paris to Boulogne, she has met a triumphal reception from our electrified people. This is because it was not a mere personal feeling which has brought this illustrious Sovereign among us. She has been among us to seal up seven ages of unhappy rivalries, and to cement upon a firm fou Son the alliance of the two greatest nations of the West. THE BALTIC. BEF.LIN, Avo. 29. The allied fleet, which was ber.ore Cronstadt, has gone farther oat to sea. It h:e taken up a position (to the number of 15 micas) west of Fort Tol burkine. RUSSIA. The inva/ide Rum publishes a long report from General de Berg of be bombardment of Sweaborg. General de Berg states the loss of the Russiats, during the bombardment, to have been 44 men killed, two superior offioers, three subaltern officers, and 110 men, wounded. In addition to this, 11 men were killed on board the man-of•war Ramie, and one subaltern and 88 men wounded; and one sailor wounded on board the Esechiel. Now that the course of events has enabled France and England to become more intimately acquainted, they see with admiration that they are indispensable to each other, and that they are neighbours less by dbajszta-position of their coasts than by the common Ipotoession of liberal civilisation. And yet their sen *mots had not until now passed the limits of a reci =esteem ; they had never been blended tither in t i ne policy nor in the glow of an ardent friend ship. It was reserved for the Emperor to bring about a more intimate relationship. When, by the public voice, the chief of the Napoleonic dynasty was placed at the head of the state, he found national hatreds which had preceded him, stubborn con flicts which he had not raised, inveterate passions which were only turned against him, because he was the highest personification of the principles of 'B9, 'ben imperfectly understood. To-day those immortal principles have triumphed over the resistance of Europe, and liberal England has acknowledged their legitimacy. The heir of the name of Napoleon there fore had no reason to prefer another pert to that of pacificator—a character more conformed to his mag nanimity, to the real interests of his country, and to the ideas of his age. And as the Emperor had ad• mirably comprehended that the lasting and cordial concert of France and England constitutes the most powerful force fir urging on the progress of the woad in these days, he has extended a friendly hand to the English people and government. England has enthusiastically responded to this appeal—has grasped this loyal hand in her own, be cause it was that of France herself, thrice personified in the Emperor, and her well-beloved Queen has crossed the straits with the winning cortige of goad nes., grace, and the sweetest majesty, in order to bring us the expression of England's confileuce in a great nation. That was indeed a moment ardently looked for by France, when she could give scope to her own en thusiasm ; for it is not enough that fusions be pre pared by the policy of princes: none are genuine save those which the peoples effect themselves. It was therefore not enough that St. Cloud should worthily reply to the Royal hospitality of Windsor. Paris wished to vie with London in its rejoicings and spontaneous transport.. Queen Victoria has seen the popular jay burst forth along her passage. At the theatre as at the Palace of In dustry—in the Sainte Chapelle as in the Hotel de Ville—on the Boulevards inundated by the waves of the population as on the Champ de Mars resounding with the cheers of the army—each of these visits was a festival, and each of these festivals was an energetic manifestation, when the acclamations of the French people had for witnesses thousands of stranger., who flocked into its walls attracted by the wonders of the Exhibition. It may be said that in order to be more solemn, this frater nal alliance was celebrated in presence of the whole world represented at Paris. Providence—we cannot but recognise it—seems to have reserved for this present epoch profound sub jects for meditation. It is at Versailles, in the palace of Louis XIV., that the Emperor Napoleon 111. pre sents to the Queen of England the most splendid magnificence of his court: he revives there for her the noble pleasures and pomp., long since extinct, of the great monarch, that haughty enemy of the revo lution of 1688. On the same day, this noble-hearted Queen had repaired to the funereal asylum of those Stuarts whom her dynasty replaces. She did more, and surrounded by her family, in pensive mood, she came to lay on the tomb of Napoleon I. the concilia tory sentiment of which her journey is the symbol and the seal. Lastly, France and England. who have closed the history of their divisions, instead of persisting, like Rome and Car thage, in nurturing implacable resentments, unite • tbeir policy, their interests and their blood for one of those immense causes that decide the future state of humanity. Such contrasts confound the foresight and precaution of men ; nothing is left for the human mind but to bow before that supreme wisdom whose greatness is alone immutable, and which subjects our most deep-rooted passions to the harmony of its pro- vidential designs. DEATH or MR. J. CARTER, the engraver of B. W Ward's "Sane In Change Alley daring the Agita tion of the South Sea Babble." This talented artist ex pired suddenly lad week, having only just completed the 'republished plate of " West's first Effort is Art," from Ward's picture of that title. The genius of the deceased will live in the recollection of ell lovers of art. He his un- I happily left a large family and a numerous tire!, of friends to mourn his loss. FLOWER SHOW AT CREMOREE GAIDENB.—The floricultural world is ea the g in vivo, la eoeargaence of the ispeetatioas awakened by the Bower show that is to take plies at Cream" Gardena Ibis day. Many of the mammal flowers have already attaised their full developuteut. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 30, 1855. AUE72III AND THE ITALIAN LEGION. I. LATEST FROM ABROAD. A leftist of the 24th, in the Leipzig - V" — // • • Carafe. toys: " Lord Elliott, whorepleaes Lord ° CRIMEA. Wrkinorelaci at the Embassy during his absence, 4 -4•• r,- , • —...-- ksd a long conference with Count Buol,yerterday, in Prises Clciriabakoff mtlarls ft", Se ]undo under consequence of despatches received from London. The ate of tbtsWen — big of.* 48th : ml's fire fire is slack. Nothinglw " subject of the interview is stated to have been the "The enem formation of the Italian legion. Lord Elliott is said' is. to have declared, in the name of his Cabinet, that the Western Powers are still resolved not to take advan tage of the present crisis to moot questions of nation ality, and that the depots of recruits now at Novara will be removed further from the Austrian frontier." from Vienna EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (Pao 003 Owl 0013.111/.0331111.) PARIfi, WIDNISDAT EVININO. There is as yet no revival from the political lull which coincided with the Queen's visit. The morn ing papers are wholly without interest, and those of the evening are nearly filled with the official despatches in the Messiesser, which you will have already received. There is a rumour in official circles, that intelligence of some bold stroke of an unexpected kind may be looked for shortly from Sebastopol. It is said that the bombardment was postponed because it was discovered that behind the Malakhoff Tower the Russians had con structed a new battery of six hundred guns, which would have annihilated our assaulting columns. It is, however, lem told, thought possible to take this battery at a certain sacrifice, before the general attack is begun, and General Esping.** is, it is said, destined to undertake this feat of arms. But while these rumours are to a certain extent accredited, some people infer from the Emperor's letter in the Monifeur of two days ago, that the project for a grand attack is for the present abandoned. It is said, with much show of reason, that sines the Emperor has certain information that the Russians in Sebastopol cannot long hold out for want of provision., this fact ought materially to modify the tactics of the Allies. They have stores in abundance, and the sea service having been ameliorated conformably to the lessons of experi ence, there is no probability of the armies want ing for anything, however long the campaign may be protracted. Delay, it is therefore argued, is now the game of the Allies, and not of the Rus sians. They, the Emperor says he has good reason to know, are at the end of their resources. Why. then, to satisfy impatience, which, although at one time justifiable, is no longer in season, should we attack Sebastopol with the certainty of losing an immense number of precious lives, when by wait ing a little we may perhaps make a bloodless march into the place which the enemy will be reduced to abandon ? Such are the two conflicting opinions current to-day. I am informed to-day that General Lafontaine, who for some time past has been stationed at Metz, in command of a division of the army of the East, has received older' to march to Lyons with bis division, there to await further orders. Among the general's staff it is considered a doubtful question whether the destination of this division be the Crimea or Italy. At the Bourse the Reute, after having been very much depressed in the morning, when it was quoted at 66fr. 53c., recovered to Mfr. 70c., closing with a fall of but 10c. Credit Mobilier was again in ex traordinary favour, and rose 40f. Railways were lower, with a dull market. The Mona/ion in announcing the death of General Sir A. W. Torrens, states that the Minister of War was present himself at the funeral. Prince Albert has deigned to aooept the title of honorary member of the Cercle Imperial, which was offered to him by General Count a'Ornano,in the name of the members of the Cercle. The English steamer the Candle and the French steamer the Alma left Marseilles on the 27th for the l East, having in tow respectively the Mary Anne and the Eva transports, with stores on board. The Can dia carried oat 20 officers and 800 men of the 84tb, 180 men of the Ist engineers, and 180 of the 21st of the line. The Alma had on board upwards of 1,100 mee. The Indus packet also left the same day having on board General of Brigade Bouquet and nearly 800 men. The screw line-o'-battle ship Prince Jerome left Toulon on the 27th with troops and military stores for the Crimea. A Russian despatch, received from Berlin, 28th, says :—" It has been decided that the Russian fleet is the Black Sea shall be considerably increased. With that view, ships of the line of 131 guns are to be commenced this winter at Nicolaief." SPAIN. MADRID, Auo. 28. The subscriptions to the voluntary loan exoeed 651 millions of reale. The interest of the debt is shortly to be paid. It is in contemplation again to extend the time showed for subscribing to the voluntary loan. A private letter from Madrid, of the 25th, says : HA Spanish expedition to the Crimea is still much spoken of. General Prim is mentioned by some as likely to be the commander, and the Marquis of Do'*ro by others. The English Ambassador, as well as the French one, had claimed the exclusion of fo reigners from the forced loan, but the Spanish govern ment had already come to the determination of ex cluding them. The law for the sale of ecclesiastical property is stated to have been suspended in the Basque Provinces." ROME. The Giornale di Roma of the 21st contains the following paragraph in allusion to Lord Palmerston's 'speech (Aug. 10), in reply to Mr. Bowyer's vindica tion of the Roman Government: We believe we are not mistaken in saying that we have never read, in the parliamentary history of a great nation, a series of mon insulting and gratuitous declamations than those lately pronounced by a Prime lliaister against a Government which is wavineed it has never given any native We ect unjust as attack on his part. Nevertheless, we will not depart from oar invariable system, which con. slats in not having recourse to reprisals. We merely limit ourselves to reputing them vain end unfounded accusations, Waving the shame to fall upon him who ha uttered them. MAILS FOE THE BLACK SEA, &E.—To-morrow (Friday) ovaries sails for the Beet sad transports In the Black Sea, and the troops in the Crimea, OTtftolll, and Turkey will b• forwarded via Marwiller , and on Satarday evening a supplementary sail for the above deatinatioas and for the hospitals at Itinikivi (Dardanelles). Ahydor, and &uteri, 1 will be despatched by the sane nate. Litton soot hi PmPoid. MILITARY INTELLIGENCE. Casualties by Death in ladle since the Departure of the Mail of the 10th July, 18.55: Bombay.—Captain J. P. Winfield, 2nd European Light Infantry, of apopleay, at Hydrabad (B.ndr), on the 3rd July. Dr. T. S. Cahill, Superintending Surgeon, Poonah Division, ti the Mauritius, on the 16th June. Bengal.—Major Charles Grissell, 61st Regiment N. 1., at Jallunder, on the 29th Jane. CHINA. The Pekin Gazette reports that the insurgents are losing ground in the north of China. The Overland Friend of China says : " The amount of bloodshed at Canton during the last month has been sickening. When Shaou-king, the second city of the province, was vacated without fighting, a short time ago, a number of the inhabi tants thJught mercy would be shown to them if they gave themselves up. With equal reason might for bearance have been expected from the hungry wolf— they were taken to Canton in droves of five hundred ; as many as ten thousand, it is said, being confined in the city at one time. Kept without food for several days, when the hour of examination, so called, ar rived, eye witnesses tell of the utmost callousness being exhibited; the condemned getting into the execution basket with even apparent satisfaction. " At the rate of seven and eight hundred a day for some time, the whole ten thousand, and thousands more, were soon got rid of. Several were skinned alive, and one higher criminal than the rest was cut in twenty-four pieces,—lingeriog dying. From the careless way in which the bodies are interred in heaps at eastward of the city, and the disgusting stench in the vicinity of the execution ground, it will not sur prise us to hear of a plague carrying off its victims by thousands. " But with all these executions and their probable terrible consequences, there is no abatement of the rebellion—there is no instance of any of the leaders giving up the cause for promised rewards ; in no case have the insurgents retired before, through want of food and ammunition, all reasonable prospect of successful epposiiiol had apparently gone. From Shaou-king-too they marched north-west, with Hoe Alukh'a band in company, forty thousand strong. " From the Circular of the Canton Chamber of Commerce we learn that several more chops of last season's congou and other teas have arrived ; the congous (Oonams) eonsiderably injured by their long detention in transit. No teas, the growth of the:present season, have arrived as yet,' says the secre tary, ' and it would now appear to be extremely doubtful if we shall receive any at all.' In Canton imports (excluding rice) the value of about a lakl3 and a half of dollars have changed hands during the past month; two-thirds of which amount may be noted for cotton, cotton piece goods, and American drills. The Hong Kong government Gazette publishes io its first number a notification against trafficing in female children. This notice is occasioned by a pro clamation issued by his Excellency Wang, the Oovernor-General of Fuh-keen and Chekiang, stating it has cume to his knowledge that female children have been bought at Ningpo for the purpose of being shipped to foreign countries, and that it is his duty rigorons:y to prohibit the practice. The Overland Friend protests against this inter vention, and says: Cuba, like other places to which Chinese emigrate, wants female companions for its male bondsmen. The fotty females in the present case left their familirs willingly, money being given to them in the presence of the Portu guese consul as for the customary marriage fees. There was nothing like kidttappiag about it; and the thing worked well till British consular precincts ware reached at Amoy, when her Britannic Majesty's acting consul must need. regard the proceeding, as criminal, tine the captain 1001., and set the females at liberty. A numerous body of British merchants at Shanghae ' have memorialised the consuls of the three treaty powers, requesting their assistance to effect an assi. milation of the currency of that port to that now in use at Canton, and pointing out next China New Year as the fitting time for bringing the proposed measure into operation. The consuls express the greatest wil lingness to co-operate in the matter. CHINA MARKETS. - ...... _ EXCHANGE AND BULLION —Canton, Bth July : On London, 4,8; India, 218 Its. 7th July. Camino dollars 25 tor oast. pr mium. Shaeghae. 27. b June; Ot. London, 6.4 k; on Calcutta, 298 Rs. ; on Brmbay, 297 Rt. ; drafts on Ca..tm 25 per cent. discount. Orton.—Canton, 7th July : Patna, 327} (lola. ; Bemires, 3331 dole. Bhanghae, 27th June: New fnalwa, 331 dole.; Old Maim', 387 dols.; Patna, 262 dole. per chest. FIDBIGHTB AND TONNAGI —Canton : To London, M. to 71. nominal log tea. Shanghai To London, 61. fur tea ; 61. for silk. AUSTRALIA. We have saviors from Melbourne of the 19th, and Adelaide 25th of June. The Rhondda, from London, arrived at Melbourne on the 13th; the Trull' Teona on the 15th of J une ; and the Blanche Moore, of Liverpool, on the 10th of June. The Boomerang left Melbourne for Liverpool on the 7th; the Northumberland, for London, on the 13th; and the Eases, for London, on the 4th of June. On the latter day the Ceres left for England ria Mau ritius, The Ballaarat, from London to Melbourne, was spoken on the 13th of May, in la:. 43.10 S., lon. 6.40 E., out 60 days, by the Whirlwind, of New York, which arrived at Melbourne on the 13th of June. The btrque Catherine Sharer, from London to Hobart Town, was burnt whilst at anchor off Port Esperance on the 6th of June. She !had about nine tons of gunpowder on board, and blew up next morn ing. All bands saved. The mail was found about two miles distant, torn open by the explosion. The following arrivals are reported from Adelaide : The Grand Trianon, of Birkenhead, June 10 ; Robert Morrison, of London and Portland, June 12 ; Velo city and Sea Park (emigrant ships), both of Plymouth, on the 24th and 25th of Jane respectively. Also the brig Marco Polo, from Bristol, on the 6th of June, and the emigrant ship Punjaub, from London, on Ithe 25th of May. The following is from the circular of Elder and Co.,dated Adelaide, Juoe lst:— Since the period of our last issue there has been a marked improvement in the tone of our muket, notwithstanding the operation of adverse causes, such u a large secession to th er* for restored our imports of merchandi s e, an d th e enhanced motor pro. r be es en re h d ighly The favourablewea visions. The severity of the crisis i n th e Australian colo nies has subsided, and commercial co n fid ence , with a better order ha e t s x f pe t h r i i n e n g s o; d teofholwatehehteags to country operations, and the g l interests of the province ate likely to be accelerated by the advent of an abundant crop. The defective nature of our postal system is severely felt by the mercantile community, and a more regular and rapid communication with England is urgent:), demanded. —Beer: The relative difference In the value of ale and porter in bulk is considerable, but both are in fair demand. Battled beer is also saleable, with an upward tendency.— Wines: Not much wanted, and business confieed to the - better descriptions of Port and Sherry; Champagne, Hock, and Claret, being out of Ka nn. Spirits: Stocks are getting into smaller compass, and in advance in brandy has taken place. Martell's is now held at our quotations, with an anticipated further rise, the return of 160 hhds. to England having imparted greater &maces to the market. Old Tom is In request, but Geneva continues neglected. Whisky and rum are saleable.— Tobacco : A fair demand exists for approved brands at pre violas rates. No. 2 Manilla cigars are wanted —Teas are more inquired for, and the better descriptions could be - placed to advantage; but much of our stock is not very suitable for the market. Ceffee is in limited demand, with the market well supplied. Sugars are much wanted, the trade being completely bare of stock. Imports would arrive very opportunely, and several small craft have been sent to Mauritius for supplies. Rice: This article is greatly wanted in all the Australian colonies, and present prices cannot long be maintained. Candles have experienced a startling advance, and all oar supplies find their way to Melbourne, where prices are still more extravagant. Coals: The arrivals keep pace with our consumption, and the price has rather given way. he winter advances, however, we expect this article, will rally. Salt: Stocks considerably reduced of both descriptions, and moderate quantities could be sold advantageously from ship's side. Iron in good demand, and would find a ready sale at our quotations. Gunpowder more inquired for, and market getting bare of stock. Hope: There has bees some speculation is hops, and prices have lately improved.— Timber: Notwithstanding numerous arrivals have taken place the market closes firm at oar quotations, the consump tion being very large. Flooring boards are much wanted, building operations being p ly carried on on an exten sive seile.—Soft goods: We are still unable to report any material improvement in drapery, the stock of unseasonable goods in this market being as yet reduced to a very small extent. —Boots and shoes : Winter goods are inquired for as • a fair advance on invoice, but other descriptions, of which the stocks in loco are chit fly composed, are unsaleable.— Earthenware: Carefully assorted parcels will sell to fait advantage, but the market is well supplied.—Corn sacks: The failure of the crops last season has occasioned a large and increasing accumulation of st , ck, and sales on a limited scale only can be made.— Woolpecks are expected to improve when the season comes round, as the stock is now in 'metier compass than it has been for years.—Canvas and cordage in better demand, but consumption very limited.—Breadituffs : Prices rule high, flour having lately been saleable in this market at 451. per ton. A temporary check has been caused by considerable arrivals from Chili into the neighbouring colonies, sad the demand is now limited to our quotations. Wheat commands extreme rates for griadiog. Bran is dull of sale.—Freights : The wool season having closed, partial cargo:: are made up for E gland with ore at 21. 101. per too, and akin wools at ld.and id. per lb.—Exchange on London, 3 per cent, prem. on Bauk bills. THE OVERLAND MAIL. We have received our despatches in anticipation of the Overland Mail. They include advice. from Calcutta, July 18; Bombay, July 30; Canton, July 8; and Hong Kook, July 10. INDIA. The following is the summary of the fortnight's news given by the Bombay Times : Apprehensions of a scanty monsoon are beginning to be entertained at the Presidency, little rain having fallen during the past three weeks—in the interior the season promises to be auspicious There has been a serious disturbance in Rejmahal, the district adjacent to which has be en overwhelmed by the sud den descent of several thousand mountaineers in the vicinity, determined to take the life of every Euro pean and native of lacunae—several of the polios and two ladies were murdered and other excesses have been committed. Troops have been sent to quell the disturbance, which is not likely to be put down without considerable bloodshed. The Thibetians are said to be suing Nepaul for peace, and there is to be a conference of some of the Rill chieftains, to arrange the terms of a treaty. The parliamentary papers in reference to the Five per Cent. Public Works Loan have been published in Bombay, and seem to be eminently unsatisfactory. The subscriptions to the Patriotic Fund in India amount to close upon 80,0001. Bombay is at length to obtain a public museum, and it is to be hoped zoological gardens as well. Much astonishment has been felt at the re fusal of the General Assembly of the Church of Scot land to accept the grants in aid in behalf of their Indian missions contemplated by the late education despatch. The Governors of Madras and Bombay have been invited to meet the Governor-General at the Neil gherries in October, immediately after which it is rumoured that Lord Dalhousie proposes returning to England to join the cabinet. There is no truth in the reports appearing in the home papers, and fabri cated in Bombay, that an army of 15,000 men was about to proceed with twenty armed steamers and gunboats to Persia from Bombay. The latest ac counts from Persia state that the shah was most friendly to us. The Rev. R. Nesbit, of the Free Church of Scotland's mission in Bombay, after a useful career of twenty-eight years, felt a victim to cholera on Friday last: he had only been ill for eleven hours, and up to five o'clock the previous evening had been occupied in his usual missionary duties. Trade is dial; freights are low; the money market is easy. INSURRECTION OF THE SANTALS. ( Prom tba Cakulta Emplielaseass.) We have at last a little news of our own. While the British nation is carrying on • great war in the Baltic and the Black Sea, the East India Company's, Lieut.-Governor of Bengal has got up a little war of his own in the Raimahal hills. 'these hills overhang the Ganges at their northern extremity, but till very lately were unexplored by Europeans. There are two I distinct tribes, the Hill men, and a wandering race called Santals. These last were permitted by the British authorities to occupy the valleys, and as the immigration became considerable, government placed an officer in charge of the district in 1838, when the population was about 3,000. In 18.52 it had increased to about eighty thousand, and till within the last few weeks, a more orderly and contented set of people was not to be found in Bengal. All at once they have taken arms, vowing destruction to their neighbours, and descending into the neighbouring country—at first it was said with 6,000 men, which report has since swelled to ten, fitteeo, and lastly to 80,000—stating that the insurrection has extended to Sooree, and even to Remeegunge, about a hundred miles from the place where it broke out. It is too soon to speculate on the causes of this outbreak ; various reasons are assigned, as will be seen from the lollowing letters. The most probable is, that diecou ' teat has prevailed among them for some time, on ac count of increased taxation, and that soma real or imaginary wrong has sufficed to rouse to arms people already discontented. The following reports of the &Intel insurrection are from various correspondents: The Ssntals or Hill tribes of litjunhal are up in arms to upset the Company's sway. They allege a divine revelation for their attempt, and their first step was to call on the hill darcwah to runtish supplies, and, on his refusal to do so, they deliberately see- d and murdered him. This I had from en eye-witness, who also saw the bodies of others who had bees murdered. The following is from Berhampore, dated the 12th instant : Various scot:meta are given of the origin of the rising, but it behoves the government to institute the strictest inquiry into the matter, and it is feared that some of the people on the railway will be found nailed up with it, by having car ried off and refused to restore • Santa! lady. Certainly some atrone insult or injury must have provoked there re• claimers of the waste land, for they are not predatory hill tribes, but peaceful cultivator,, who are accomplishing what the savageness of the " paharias " and the inertness and want of energy of the Bengali have not attempted. There are evidently two, if not more, large partite of insurgents, sad the lowest reports make each consist of nearly ten thousand men. Any one as with the habits of the Smash is perfectly aware that the sound of the drums in the hills will, without pre vious warning or concert, assemble three or four thousand men, with their bows and poisoned arrows and battle saes. Commissariat they require none, as they teed on worms, caterpillars, grubs, ree rythimg, and they appear and dis appear in the low sal jangles in an instant. Troops cannot there follow them, and it is only in the plains that they can be held in check. A determined front, and a faithful pro Iwise of the government, wisest:aced by Mr. Pootet (whom they know and can trust), that their wrongs shall be im mediately Inquired into and redressed, say save • year's', foray and twenty 'skim of rupees uselessly expended. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. BOMBAY, JULY 29. The overland mei' of the 28th Jon., per Peninsular and Oriental steamer Pottinger, reached Smithey on the morning of the 2let July, the passage having been one of the most repid on record, occupying only twenty-four days and seven hours in transit. Since the despatch of the last mail very little rain has fallen at the presidency itself, but the accounts Qom the interior are encouraging. Our money market during the fortnight has become • alit', and the banks base reduced their rates of interest I per cent., with the prospect of a further fell so le. Transactions in government and other securities have been limited, and prices generally have given away. ?teetotal to the arrival of the mail the demand for goods noticed in our lint repot t continued active, and transactions to a considerable extent were negociated ; the home tidings, however, of the falling off both in cotton and piece goods cattaid a great change in our markets, and offer., at very much lower figurve,benan to be made by the dealers, which, although at first refused, were eventually accepted, and the salea have been ezteneive, but almost on every desenption of frsode at lower rates than last quoted. GRIT MADAPOLLANS AND GAIT T CLOTHS have been largely purchased, at advanced prices. GREY LONG CLOTHS have improved in value, and are exciting attention. Two mesas per piece more has been obtained for them than was procurable a few months ago. ORZY Butirrthote—Considerable sales have taken plane, but at somewhat . educed prices. Glitzy Jaccorears.—Stocks are low, and although up• wards of 10,000 pietas have bean sold, they have not fetched the prices that lately ruled. There is no demand tot the lowest quality. GANT CANBIRICS, PAINTERS, AND MULLS, have not been' much sought for. Rama transactions, however, have taken place in allot them. BLIACHID Goons are not in such active demand as grey, and no u.sterial ch cgs has taken plate in them. Shirting, in general are dull; dimities heels improved in valve—but jacocnets and mull. ere not much inejuired after. COLOURSD GOODS. Although several transactions have been effected in various descriptions of these goods, still they are not in 'Reproved demand, and only fetch low prices. YARNS fetch full price, and are in great demand, bet the salts have been limited, holders locking for advanced prices. EXPORTS—COTTON WOOL.—Witla the exception of this staple, there is another produce now in the market, and the supply is limited. Broach and Burst maintain former pricer, Dbollerah his 'min taken up at Rs. 6.5 per candy. FillilOliTel have declined to 3/. 2a. 64. to 3l 6.. to Liver. pool, and 31. 61.,:10 31. 102. to London, with every prospect *.of a Mill forth P IJI al4e., owing to the repeat arrival of myseal ships, and tVis 'Short supply of produce for shipment. Nothing is duiog with China. Excwatioa on Bmglend daring the fortnight has ruled coneklarably lower titell reported in oar last, and the busi ness done may be quoted as follows :-24. ltd. to 2s. lid. for China, sod first ekes &NOM, and 2s. ljd. to 2e. lid. for documents. On Calcutta ee quote Its. lull at sight, and Ra.lBo3sit 80 days' lights On Madras Re. loot at 30 days sight, and on Chins Rs. 224 at 60 days' sight. CALCUTTA, JULY 17. The steamer with letters from London of the 9th of June L nuly just in the river, and letters from Bombay just to hand have not bad time to produce an (Get ; business meanwhile is at a stand, the telegraphic advices having been merely political . Oar produce market bas not p Hy shown much activity during the put fortnight. Business has been prin eipslly in sager, rice, seeds, and latterly saltpetre has re carved rather more attention. The government sale of opium, _held ea the 9th inst., resulted very favourably u compared with previous sales. The increased price obtained, notwithstanding the unfa vourable accounts jut previously received from China, is to be attributed to reports very prevalent that there will be a very considerable decrease in the quantity to be brought forward next year ; in the first place, arising from a lessened I production ; and secondly, from a portion of the new crop being, it is supposed, required to make good the deficiency in the parcels lately summed in town and returned for re ' peeking at the agency above. Oar piece goods market has been is an unsettled state during the lest fortnight. Under the influence of the report of an extensive rise at home in cotton, holders had made a stand for as advance, and although the rise quoted proved to be from the lowest point, the actual addition to the cost of goods at home gave hopes (notwithstanding the heavy ship meets which had continued up to the latest date) of an advance on this side being obtained. The news from Bois bay of an improved value of all cloths, and the tact of a large diminution of the supplies of cottons to that Presi dency, it was thought, would help us in our trade with the upper provinces, whence the accounts generally ere good, but as yet we have not bad that active demand usually looked for at this season. Twist °corium to maintain good petition with improving prices; and metals generally are also doieg fairly. Oar money market remains without the slightest im provement. In exchange the operations for this mail have been very trifling indeed. At present, last mail's quota tions can only be repeated, say 2-11 to for first *lass credits, and to above for document but, six months' eight, with no demand, and isle difficult to effect. CONSBILS DE PRUD'HOMMES. This morning a return was issued, containing a Dopy of a memorandum, forwarded by the Board of Trade to the Secretary of State for the Home Department, respecting Conceits de Prud'hommes in Franca and Belgium, which represents that in France the history of such institutions dates from the year 1806, when Napo leon established one at Lyons. The number of Conseils in France in 1849 was 74, and the number at present le probably about the some. They are established by governmental decree on the advice of a chamber of com merce or a chamber of arts and manufactures. The number of the Conceit is not less than six, exclusive of the president and the vice-president, and the Conseil is composed of muter, and workmen, with certain qualifications, in equal numbers, exclusive of the president and vice president, who are chosen by the government, and who need not be members of the Conseil, or master manufacturers, or workmen. The main object of these institutions may be strictly stated to be—lit, the decision of dis putes between masters and workmen, or between work men themselves ; 2cdly, they also exercise certain specific functions of an administrative character. Bath council helds a g I meeting once a week, and the deci sion of the " Bureau Gliceral " is binding in all disputes where the sum or value at issue is equal to or less then 200 francs (SI.) A " Bureau de Conciliation," composed of a muter and a workman, both members of the Conseil , sits every day from 11 to 1. Up to the year 1942, inclusive, there had been 184,574 Caste submitted to the jurisdiction of the Prisellsommes; of these, the "Bureau de Concilia tion" decided 174,487, leaving 1(,027 for the namber of those referred to the " Bureau General "for compulsory decision. Of these latter, 4,849 were withdraen, and upon 5,178 judgment was passed ; of these, 1,904 were decided subject to appeal, and 3,274 en densier resort. In all of those, how ever (except 190), which were decided subject to ap peal, the judgment of the Prud'hommes war as c. pted without appeal. Any penult engaged in the trade for which the Conseil is establ.shed is boned ts appear, under certain penalties fur neglect, and the expenses and charges are upon the most moderate scale. Two Conseil. were established in Belgium, one at Ghent, the other at Bruges, by Imperial decrees of 1810 end 1813, respectively. Conseil, now exist in twelve other towns in Belgium, but Brussels is not among them. In 1845, 1,060 cases were decided by the Belgian Conseils,,but the law which regulates them is defective, and there is reason to believe that if the law were amended mere frequent recourse would be had to the Conseila than is now the case in Belgium. TEE MILITIA.—This morning a return was leaned showing the militia regiments embodied in England, Scotland, and Ireland, the strength of such regiments on the 14:h of March and the 14th of April, 1855, respectively, end the names of such regiments as Lave given their quota to the regular army. The return exhibits the follow ing results: Number of rank and file embodied en the 14th of March, in England, 44,198; Scotland, 4,461; Ireland, 13,095 ; total, 61,754. On the 14th April, England, 30,945; Scotland, 5,119; Ireland, 15,119; total, 51,183. Quota of volunteers to the regular army, England, 13,021 ; Scotland, 1,693; Ireland, 4,736; total, 19,450. The proportion of the quota of each regiment given to the regular army is:—England, 11,268; Scotland, 886, Ire land, 2,353; total, 14,507. NATIONAL GALLERY.—This morning wee issued a copy cf the minutes of the Trustees of the Notional Gal lery since May, 1853, down to the present time, with the names of all the trestees who were prt sent at each meeting. DIVISIONS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS.—This morning a return was issued of the divisions which took place in tie Commons Taft session, Item which it appears that them were 213 in all—viz., 147 on public business, which took place before midairht, and 56 which took place after midnight. There were ten divisions on private busi ness, and they all occurred before midnight. SITTINGS Or TUE HOUSE OF COMMONS.—This morning a return was issued, which shows that last session the flouts of Commons eat on 10 days in December for 57 hours and 40 minutes, of It hick 61 were after midnight; During the same month the number of entries in the rotes was 218. Ia January the House sat on 6 days for 22f boort, 1 being after midnight, and the en ' 269. In February, the days were 16, the hours 76, 65 minutes, after midnight 7, and the entries 1,237. March, days 22, hours 157, 65 m. ; after midnight 13; entries 1,274. April, days 10, boars 157, 65 m.; after midnight 41; entries 787. May, days 19, hours 141; after midnight 14; entries 1,673. June, days 20, hours 200, 65 m. ; after midnight 231 ; entries 1,632. July, days 22, hours 231, 13 m. ; alter midnight 301; entries 1,481. And August, days 11, boar 891; after midnight 9f; entries 503. Making a total of 136 days, hours 1 , 044, Bm. ; 110 atter midnight, and 8,974 entries. The aaaaa go time of sitting was 7 hours 40 mi nutes 38 seoonds. STEAK VESSELS.—Thie morning a return wu issued which represents that on the lit January, 1855, the number of registered steam vessels of the United Kingdom was 1,480, their aggregate tonnage, exclusive of engine room, being 298,216. Tne isms return gives the name of each vessel, the port of register, the date of register, regis tered owners, dimensions of vessels is length, and breadth, and depth of hold, and distinguishes vessels built of iron, and also having screw propiAlers, with their estimated horse-power, length of stroke, and diameter of cylinders. Of 1,480 Tassels 518 are iron and 266 mews.