The Express. — London, England, 1854-01-16 00:00:00

Eht eralrtfso. TO CORRESPONDENTS. • good Wham of f • las Ewer," meads*, asl suss evoakises .osadte," is padiiiisd soars lauday sad Mai aidal.* ISS Ow pest aisalissamats Winded tor Zagros:* Lanka Imam paw , mut be as Os 0610 10, DIMSIIII4IOI. l 7 Two edict IS SO SIS al pelesitkis. HIGH WATHE AT LONDON BEIDGI. Tote Day—tiorvisg. n. ...Aftoroolk fL do. Thasesaew —Noralag, 41. On ..ARfe'w• 416 Ift. LONDON, MONDAY, JANUARY 16. A BRIEF notice of the Victories just gained by the Turks in the vicinity of Kalafat appeared on Saturday in the Paris ifoniteor, and may be taken as an offi cial recognition of the troth of the accounts which had previously been published in the Daily News and other English journals. The tardy and incomplete transmis sion of this news by the Vienna telegraph has naturally given rise to some remark. The intelligence was kept back by the Austrian Governnient as long es possible, and when allowed to transpire the final re. salt of the three or four days' fighting was still kept back. Like Hadibrais story of the bear and fiddle, the Austrian narrative of Turkish victory "broke off in the middle." The conjecture that the promulgation of the news was deferred in the hope that the current of the fight might change, and the Austrian Government be enabled to announce a Russian instead of &Turkish victory, is plausible enough. The Prus sian Government has undertaken to prevent Prussian journals from publishing any news relating to the armies of the CZAR which has not received his impri matur; whilst the Austrian Government is laboodng to intercept all unauthorised news on its way le Sol journals of Western Europe. Austria and Paoli are acting as mufflers to the Cus—non-cominifilled the noise he makes, to prevent its reaching Frame and England. This is not a say dignified employ meat for " independent" Sovereigns; but the truth is, neither the Austrian nor the Prussian dynasty is independent of Russia. They subjected themselves to Russia when they consented to accept shares of partitioned Poland. From that moment Russia has had both of them as thoroughly under control as ever Mr. HVDSON had any jobbing M.P. on • railway committee who had taken scrip issued at a premium and transferred his shares, receiving the difference between par and the market price ; or as ever Fal staff had Pistol after he had received his eighteen pence out of the proceeds of the stolen fan. The CZAR needs only to say to the King of PRUSSIA mad the Emperor of AUSTRIA—" If you countenance each or such proceedings against me there will be an in surrection in Poland, and when that happens will the Poeeners or Gallicians remain quiet ?" Thereupon both potentates take fright and resolve to back Russia, although in so doing they act not only against their consciences, but against their inclinations. When dealing with Austria and Prussia in the matter of the great Turco-Russian con troversy, the Western Powers ought never to forget that these Powers are bound to Russia by ties similar to those which bind the receiver to the thief; they must be watched as carefully as the receiver who has turned king's evidence against the thief, is by the police or by the solicitor for the prosecution. This consideration lends more importance than it would otherwise possess to the report circulated in Paris that the Austrian and Prussian Governments have addressed a joint note to the Cabinets of Paris and London, intimating that, if the combined fleets which have been instructed to enter the Black Sea are to eommence hostilities against Russia, they (Austria and Prussia) will not be parties to that mode of pro ceeding. France and England ought to be pre pared at any moment to see the two great German Powers openly donning the Russian uniform. Such a wheel ought neither to astonish them or find them unprepared to meet it ; since such an energetic step as active operations by the French and English squadrons in the Black Sea would very likely give occasion to it. For the same reason the dealings of Prussia with the courts of Sweden and Denmark ought to be carefully watched. It has become the fashion to talk of the " armed neutrality" of the Baltic Powers. Denmark and Sweden are understood to have taken counsel together as to the rights which they will claim for neutrals in the event of a war; and what has transpired of their intentions on this score is equitable and rea sonable enough. It would be wise on the pert of the belligerents frankly and explicitly to acquiesce in the claims of these Powers: on the part of France and England to leene a joint declaration that they will issue no letters of marque and recognise none issued by the enemy; that they will limit the invi dious and harassing right of search by recognising the principle that " free flag makes free goods, and that they will not attempt to institute any " paper blockades." But for Sweden and Denmark to claim these concessions is one thing, and for Sweden and Denmark to enter into a league offensive and defen sive, and fit out fleets to enforce them, would be another. These principles have not yet been aniver sally recognised as part and parcel of the law of nations, and, although it is desirable that they should be so recognised, it could not be tolerated that two Powers should combine to force their adoption by arms upon all the rest. A league offensive and defensive con tracted, and naval armaments prepared for this put pose—in other words, the establishment of an armed neutrality, before France and England have declared their intentions would be equivalent to an attempt to coerce them into the recognition of these prin ciples--would in fact be a hostile demonstration. No disposition to take such an unwise and unjust step has been as yet manifested by Sweden and Denmark, but there can be no doubt that now, as on former occasions, Ramia would gladly compro mise them by inducing them to take it. And as it is understood that Prussia has been asked, or has volunteered, to take part in the neutral councils of Sweden and Denmark, the notorious subserviency of the Prussian Court to Russia renders watchfulness necessary. This is said simply on the ground of its being one of those precautions which teas miter never considers superfluous ; not from any übbraii of the good faith of Sweden and Denmark, or of the power of the Prussian Government to play false. The subserviency of the latter power to Rassia ie counterpoised by the rooted hatred of Russian influ ence that pervades its subjects ; and the good faith of Sweden and Denmark have a similar guarantee. It is indeed whispered by makebates that with the court and aristocracy of Sweden, England and Eng lishmen are the reverse of favourites. True ; bat, though Sweden has a cumbrous and unworkable repre sentative legislature, Sweden has a free press by which the Government has been too often defeated to wish to engage in new struggles with it, and the intelligence and industrial interests of the country are on the side of England. no Danes, it is al leged in like manner, have not yet forgotten some painful collisions with England. This also is true; and bad we been unlucky enough to have had a carrel with France it may be admitted that we would probably have had Denmark arrayed against :as; hot we do not believe the people of Denmark would side with Basra against England, and we know they would not aide with Ramis against . i THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 16, 1854. France in ethane, with England. The three go vernments, neighbours of Russia on the Baltic, what ever may be their secret wishes, are all bound over to act honourably towards England and France in the impending struggle by the popular feeling among their subjects. It is with no common pleasure that we find our selves, while dist:using such cotWagencies, repeat edly writing " France and England" u the desig nation of one interest and one will. On the great question which now agitates Europe there is an en tire concurrence in the views and sentiments of these two great nations. May we find, as years float 00, the same identity of purpose inspire the two peoples at the head of European civilisation ! The cordial sympathy and mutual confidence of the French and English peoples will keep their Governments in the right track ; their union will be a guarantee for the future of the friends of national liberty and just government over ti-e whole of Europe. France and England have a mission which they can only dis charge in concert; and that mission is not to inter fere officiously in the domestic concerns of other states, but to hold out in themselves examples of the benefits of civilisation, and to be the ready chem . pious of independent nationalities when threatened. and the intercessors for peoples who have unsue i cessfully struggled for liberty when prostrate at the r feet of despotism. THE WAR. RUSSIA AND TURKEY. The Vienna papers supply, indirect, but 'strong evidence of the presence and activity of the Tarks at Karakal, although the double watch whist Russia and Austria keep on all communications dim the Principalities, renders the sources of infornallas ell but inaccessible. The Wasderer, of Vienna, under date of Krajowa o 31st ult., says:—" For the lut five days, the tran sport of wounded Russians has continued without interruption. They arrive by the two roads from Kalafat and Kerala. It is very probable from this fact that sanguinary conflicts have taken place is both these directions, but no details have been yet received. It is, however, certain that the Turks have gained great advantages, notwithstanding the reinforcements which had been received by the Rus sian corps operating against Kalafat. The greater part :ot the new troops are engaged in keeping the Turks in their position near Henkel, which is the real cause why the Russians have been prevented Irma undertaking any serious operation against Kilda. They do not feel themselves sufficiently strong to contend against the Turks. Since the battle of Oltenitza, the Turks have given so many proofs of beauty that the Russians, not excepting the Cos sacks, dare no longer to attack them unless when very superior in number, and it is positively stated that Prince Gortschakoff has given orders to the commanders of corps rot to risk an attack unless with a superior force. On the 24th a cannon shot was fired from the right bank of the Danube, which fell close to the quarters of Prince Sc.harmanoff. There was found written on it the words, ' Good morning to you!' It was sent to Prince Goebel*. koff at Bucharest." A letter from Kralove, in the Meleager de Dean sylvanie,states that the engineers of the country had ressived Rom the Russian General Arep the most =instructions to render the roads practicable for ; s artillery, on the latest by the end of December, Ism Slating to Karakal. A private telegraphic despatch says: VIENNA, lAN. 14. The answer of the Ottoman Porte accepting the proposition of the Conference of the representatives of the Four Powers, has arrived here. All the Anabu fedora consider it sufficient. It his bee, already transmitted to St. Petersburg, accompanied with pressing recommendations that it should be favour ably accepted. The Genes Gazette of Voss asserts that the re fusal of the itsposse of Russia to accept the resolu tion mispri at Constantinople was positively iniess In a fact at Vienna; and further that M. de lispeedlor% his ambassador at the court of Austria, bad suleeertain intimations that left no doubt upon de sikject. Pikes letters from the Danubian provinces still ris k tessding to the Petrie, of the affair at Kale esrehat was sanguinary, and the Russians ssihredassiderable lose. Among their dead are to le bided an aide-de-camp of General Arep ; ism the Colonel of their artillery ; two bent.- °planets, and a large number of other officers. At the date of the latest news Omer Pacha had just sent in to the Divan hie report of the action, so favourable to the Turkish arms. A private correspondence of the 20th, from Odessa, is alluded to by the same journal, as furnishing some interesting details. It was mentioned there that the Russians were preparing at Ismail a new expedition against the batteries raised on the right bank of the Danube. Another rumour was rife, that the Russian admiral had held a council of war at Sebastopol, to decide on what course was to be taken until he re ceived the new instructions known to be on their way to him from St. Petersburg. The Vienna Lloyd of the 11th says the news from Bucharest comes down to the 3rd. The corps of Osten Sacken was making forced marches. In Bucharest troops were leaving every day (Sunday included)—two and even three battalions with guns. They are partly sent to the more important posts on the Danube, partly into Little Wallachia. Two di visions of infantry and 3,000 cavalry would remain sear Bucharest, as they were to be employed on those pellets of the Danube not yet garrisoned, but which pedlar Wed he attacked by the Turks. No feats dame to nom, says Lloyd, down to the 3rd inclu sive, hid bees liesentted to them from Bucharest. The same ZJJ mentions its receipt of a letter of the 3rd from Orsova, which says that the Russian troops by the end of December had fully completed their entrance into Little Wallachia, and occupied the positions respectively assigned to them. The head quarters of the Itussian General Fischbach was at Radovan ever since Christmas, distant somewhat more than 25 miles from Kalafat. The Russian vanguard was between Tehoraju and Drumm. The head quarters was ever since New Year's-Day in KarakaL Me advanced posts were on the one side by the Danis, on the other side near Drenik. General Amp and his staff will fix their head-quarters in 011111,41. The Remise **lawns that appeared near =sit fife km Omen, a short time back, had sew Mir math, forming the right wing of that 110 e drugless within which Kalafat is io dised as by as are of a circle. A letter Sus Orsova of the 3d inst. informs, posi tively, the same journal, that corps are being formed in Albania, Macedonia, and Rumelia, as well as in Bessie, partly by recruiting, and partly by the cali fsi feat the Spates troops. Their destination is to baths ant of war near the Danube next spring. Onto Pasha would, therefore, receive in this way a idallsessent of between 30,000 and 40,000 men. 111=artogether under arms of the Spann, the i d! cavalry, has never yet been dose lbws the destruction of the Janissaries. Private letters from Odessa, of the 22nd, state that the mismandant of the Russian flotilla in the Sea at Anibal sent an aide-de-camp to Sebastopol for Is. I strudese in the critial position in which he Mead hi smalf pissed. Russia has in that sea oely au is. Wet dm of ships, with which she could sustain se swim streak, ; and if, on the other hand, the is to Wm refuge in Sebutopol, it will leave the Baru adablislusants in the See of Azof, which aes if peat toped:nee, without defence. The same earrupflelkine says that two corps of 12,000 men men woke ides to embark at Sebastopol upon Ruda mausf-war, at the moment when the deci des or MaR Osastantinople, in consequence of the whir el Skips, was known. This operation is now therellom ponlysed. Oar oorrespondeat at Panama writer:—" Austra lian news has been received at Panama, via Callao, to the 19th October (six days later than previous ad vices received in England). There was a rumour swag some returning Americans of an outbreak amen the miss., and a obllision with the military or Oka, bat theism, do sat mastics it." FRANCE. PARIS, SATURDAY EVIRING. There has been extraordinary excitement, Ind a great rise at the Bourse to-day. The Bente opened heavily, with a fall of 35c. from yesterday, the specu lators feeling uneasy at the report that the French and English fleets were escorting Turkish vessels carrying troops and munitions of war to Battoum. A fall of in Consols, reported by the first telegraphic despatch in London, depressed the Rents a fraction lower than the opening price. But later in the day, reports of the most peaceable character obtained credit. It was confidently asserted that the Czar's answer to the ultimatum of the Western Powers had been received, that it was much more conciliating than had been expected, and that he even consented to evacuate the Principali ties immediately, in order to prove to Europe his ardent desire to maintain peace. He was ready to renew his engagement to respect the integrity of the Ottoman empire, bet (and this is probably the only point in which the rumour of the day is consistent with truth) he still insists upon settling the religions question between him and Turkey by direct negotia tion with that power. The speculators for the rise spread the news with so much success that before two o'clock the Rents rose to 71, and when the second London despatch brought Consols at yesterday's prise of 931 to the upward movement knew no bounds. In a few moments tho Three per Cents. ran up to 72.50, being a rise of 2 per cent, from the lowest price of the day. Im mediately before the close, numerous offers by parties anxious to seize the opportunity of realising profits brought prime down considerably from the extreme high point, but the last quotation was 72.10, being 1.40 higher than yesterday. Bank of France rose 10f., and Credit Mobilier, 10f. The railways im proved considerably, but not in proportion to the Bente, 20fr. being the greatest rise in any instance, and many lines were only from 2f. to a. better. I have not been able, after making many inquiries, to find any good foundation for the news spread on the bourse. 1 think I may safely say that nothing of the kind is known at the principal embassies. The only shadow of pretext I can find for the rumours is the following paragraph in the Wurtenasurg Monileur, purporting to be a letter from St. Petersburg of the 3rd: Accounts worthy of credit state that the Emperor Nicholas has formally rejected all foreign intervention in the dispute with Turkey, and especially the request made by the cabinet of Vienna that his Majesty shall accede to the propositions of the conference. The Emperor says that the dispute concerns only himself and the Porte, and that he demands only what he has a right to demand by treaties• If the Ottoman Porte recognises them, it has, says the Em peror, only to send a plenipotentiary to Bucharest. It is said that Priem Oortschakoff has received instructions to negotiate if necessary, bat in the sense of the maintenance of the pretensions of Ramis. If this be all, the news which has made so much sensation is not worth a rush. The Porte, out of an extreme desire to meet the views of the intervening powers, expressed its willingness to send a plenipo tentiary to treat upon certain bases on " neutral ter ritory." It is in the highest degree absurd to repre sent the Emperor of Russia as conciliatory, when he repudiates altogether the intervention of the four powers, and mockingly offers to receive a Turkish plenipotentiary in the camp of the general now in wrongful and hostile occupation of a part of her dominions. This paragraph of the Wurtemburg Moniteur simply goes to confirm the story that the Czar "will not yield so much as a single hair of the beard of one of his Cossacks." The Patric, alluding to the rumours at the Bourse, get—" Less than ever do we feel ourselves autho rhed at this moment to echo the various assertions hazarded on the subject of the pretended answer of the Czar." And in the "Latest News" of the same journal, I find is said A letter from Vienna, of the 12th, states that news had just arrived from St. Petersburg. It was reported that Russia would not make any official answer at all to the communica tions made to her by the Powers. It has been un truly reported that the Emperor of Austria was going to Warsaw. His Imperial Majesty . will not quit Vienna." This contradiction reminds me of one of the reports current at the Bourse which I forgot t• - ) mention. It woe said that not only had the Emperor of Russia consented to make terms of peace, but that the Emperor of Austria was going to meet him to make final arrangimenta. A telegraphic despatch received in Paris to-day states that a Marseilles journal announced by mis take the arrival of the Ajaccio from Constanti nople. • The Moniteur quotes from the Daily News the account of the outrage of the Russian authorities at Sebastopol upon the English engineers made pri soners at Sinope. All the other papers notice it also. The Freese says the indignities thus offered to British subjects cannot fail to call for a repre sentation from the English government. The attendance at M. Armand Bertin's funeral, to day, was a striking testimony of the estimation in which the press is held by the Parisians. The church of St. Thomas Aquinas was completely filled during the celebration of the funeral service. Many people who could not find even standing room, waited in the square in front to join the procession to the ceme tery. I have scarcely ever seen so many private carriages at a funeral as on this occasion. Among the imminent personages present—men of letters, weigh. deputies, and members of former legislative assemblies, members of the Institute of France, of the Council of State, professors at the Sorbonne, he.—were MM. Thies, Guisot, Dupin (sine), Dechttel, De Salvandy, Cousin, Villemain, Baint-Marc Oirardin, Viennet ; Berger, ex prefect of the Seine; Rouher, ex-minister, now president of a -section of the Co uncil of State; de Buyer, the procureur-general ; General Rulhiere, all the writers in the Dames, and most of the members et the Parisian press. M. Petit, the chef du bureau of the press at the Ministry of the Interior, was also present. The long duration of the funereal mass, and We great distance to the cemetery (Mont Farness.) necessarily prevented many of the persons who at tended the church from following the corpse to the grave. M. Guizot was, however, one of those who was observed close to the coffin when it was lowered into the ground. It was generally expected that he would wok. The only oration delivered, however, was a short, but exceeding touching one s by the eminent publicist and old colleague of the deceased, M. Saint Girardin. He began by saying, " I have promised to attempt to speak"—and choked by emo- Gen was unable for some moments to proceed. When at length he found relief in tears, he alluded to the premature death of Madame Armand de Bertin only a year ago, and in a most affecting manner spoke of the efforts made by the friends of the late editor of the Debate to console him under that dreadful blow. They spoke to him of his children, his professional Mends who looked up to him, and urged him to live and prove that he could bear private calamity with the ease otat4y fortitude which he had strug gled with bibs &en with ters. When he pointed to the son of the deesond who were weeping round the woe, there woe scarcely a dry eye in the surround ing crowd. Ose sentence only that may be copal &seed political waseed M. Saint Marc Girardin. He of M. Beirdes "reasoned love" of liberty. rt rapidly quitting this subject as unfitted to the occasioe, be alluded to the irreparable loss obtained not only by his immediate fellow labourers, bit by that phalanx of political men, some time and ministers, that galaxy of essay distinguished writers of all classes, who Ad with each other in giving their ideas of the Liunder M. Bertin's enlightened patronage, and :ea ter part of whom were at that moment look ing upon his tomb. General Berths, the brother of the deceased, who has a command in the provinces, was not present, although in the Press. he is stated to have ban the chief mourner. M. Saint Marc Girardin stated, that owing to his military duties he was unavoidably absent. The Monshor contains a decree tiring the diameter (17 millimetres) and weight of the gold please of 10tr., and et the same time ordering the famAln Of piirsi of sfr. in gold. The new sfr.-pieoes are to weigh 1.6129 gr., and to, be of a diameter of 14 mill astres. General Prim has just arrived in Paris from Max seines. He intends proceeding to Madrid in about a week, to render an account of his mission. He hopes to be able to return to the East in the spring, should political affairs Gentians of a warlike cha racter. The Hon. J. Y. Meson Envoy Extraordinary and Mi n i s ter Plenipotentiar y of the United States, has arrived in Paris. Two men-of-war of the first class, the Louis XIV. I and the Ulm, are about to be launched at Rochefort. One will probably be launched on the 28 th of next month, and the other in April. A letter from Toulon of the 11th states that the Vauban steam frigate, Captain d'Herbinghem, an aids-de-camp of the Minister of Marine, has just left that port to join the French squadron at Constantinople. From the returns of the Bank of France coming down to Thursday, Jan. 12, it appeanthat the or talc reserve has fallen off 15 millions in Pedesed 7 millions in the branch banks. The discount woes sedation has increased 11 millions in Paris and 8 millions in the departmental establishments. The advances on French public securitio; have diminished I million in Paris, and abort the same amount in the branch banks. The advances on railway shares and bonds are 21 millions less in Paris, and 2 mil lions less in the provinces. On the side of the liabili ties, the notes in circulation have increased 18 millions in Paris, and fallen off 61 million; in the branch banks. The credit account of the Treasury has diminished 11 millions. The accounts of private individuals have declined If million in Paris, and 21 millions in the branch banks. The whole amonat of the metallic reserve is at present 294; millions 00 643 millions of notes in circulation. A negotiation is said to be in progress, and nearly completed, for the sale by an English company of seven large steam ships to a French company, which is said to have some connexions with the French government. The sale originates in the arrange. ments of the Admiralty, as to its contract with the ' owners of these vessels, which will now in all proba bility pass, at a large advance on their cost price, into French hands, and be placed, when not wanted by the French government, on the New York line. PARIS. SVNDAT EVIMING. There is nothing whatever to-day to confirm the pretended news from St. Petersburg which produced such an extraordinary sensation at the Bourse yes terday. It is even said that the whole story rests upon a mistake in a telegraphic despatch from Mar seilles, which, meaning to state (what the Moniteur has already announced) that the Sultan had accepted the proposals for negotiation made by the Powers, said that the Czar had accepted them. People still found a timid hope of an arrangement in the fact of the acceptance of the Sul tan having been reported "sufficient" by the Vienna conference. A sadden rise at the Bourse of Vienna, which was, however, but the reaction after the panic caused by M. Droayn de Lhuys' circular, favours the impression that the news in that capital mast be considered relatively good. lam told that one cause of the rise at this Bourse yesterday was the belief that a loan will be avoided by the expedient of opening a credit for government of 200 millions with the Bank of France. The Assemblee says its own private information is in complete accordance with the denial given by the Patrie to the pretended journey of the Emperor of Austria to Warsaw. An undue importance has been given to the fact of M. de Kisselef not having been invited to the last ball at the Tuileries. The party was very small, and many other members of the corps diplomatique were not there. After the marked attention shown to M. Kisselef at the Princess Mathilde's ball, it is I not p robable that the Emperor would wish to slight i him nan petty way, so long as diplomatic relations between the two courts continue. I have no doubt 'that if M. de Kisselef shall be still the accredited Russian ambassador in Paris when the next ball is given, he will be invited. There is no relaxation of the activity already no ticed in the marine department. The Admiralty Coun cil meets nearly every day. Orders were last week sent to Cherbourg to press on the completion of the new line ship Tilsit, 90 guns, so that it may be ready to be launched in April, and fit for sea in June. The ship carpenters work on Sundays, and an addi tion to this body is about to he made. An extaordi nary levy of sailors has been ordered. The Toulonnais announces that important armaments are going on in the port of Toulon. A letter from St. Etienne states that the armourers in that town were never more fully employed than SPAIN. A Madrid letter of the 9th says :—" The body of the little princess will be exposed in the palace, as was that of the Prince of the Asturias, two years ago. It will afterwards be conveyed to the Escurial for buriaL Queen Isabella 11. does not yet know the loss which she has sustained, and the greatest precaution will be observed in communicating it to her. The Bing appears greatly affected at the death of his daughter. The Queen is going on as well as can be. A surgeon, who had been summoned from Paris to attend the Marquis de Targot, has examined the wound, and is about to extract the ball. He does not consider the wound of great gravity, and the ambassador is going on well." PORTUGAL. LISBON, JAN. 9. There appears to be some prospect of an under. 'Wang between the government and the Bank ; the latter having received a vote of confidence from the sharehol&n to come to an accord with the former. The question is a grave one, in which, in fact, the English bondholders are concerned, for it is impos sible the government can rescind any part of their obnoxious and spoliation decrees in favour of the Bank of Portugal, and leave the foreign creditor unconsidered ; the government in fact is in a mess, and having gone on thus far (since those decrees) by paying with the interest and deductions forcibly wrested from the public creditor, it finds it can go on no longer in the same way. Capitulation, or spoliation of some other description, cannot therefore be tar off (unless the Bank come forward to retard the evil day be it, however, as it may, the time is fast ap ing when Portugal must think either of anew atuig some of her colonial possessions, desiring , • bsokruptcy', or enter into the proposed pima or rather union with Spain, which is said to be her only salvation, and which consideration, I am per suaded, causes mach embarrassment in many quer ten at the present moment. It is a subject which is now freely discussed in secret meetings, but which must very shortly come before the public tapis, if I may be allowed the express io n,io in all its p: the public, therefore, ought e measure a s s ts prepared for the argument. The accusations of the press against the Minister of the Interior are of a nature calculated to cause con siderable embarrassment to the ministry, particularly as they are supported by documents attested by a notary public; in any other Cortes but the present ministerial Cortes they would certainly cause an im peachment; nevertheless his position appears to be firm—dependent, however, on the life of haldanha, the termination of which will certainly produce a eased. sion. I regret to say the state of his health is osa• dered critical, notwithstanding the most rigid mesas that are taken to conceal it from the public. Since my last communication, a court of inquiry has been held to investigate the cause of the sal accident in the squadron, of which I gave you as account in my last letter. The decision of the court was unanimous, and couched in these or similar terms i—" We are unanimously of opinion that no blame whatever attaches to Capt. Chambers, of her Majesty's ship Desperate, as regards the collision which took place between the Desperate and St. Jean d'Acre, on the 24th et Dumber, as the latter ship, at the time of the essiket, was going five knots through the water. edam Oapt. Chambers was fully justified in rappels. that she was yet at anchor." Exchange, MI; diaooest of notes, 2 per cent. Cnouths.—Wit reed in the Bulletin de Paris :—I There is ao Men cholera in Paris. From the 7th No- Teedrer, tikes it And made its appearesos, to the 7th hut., when there wee no new class, the amber of cam was 888. There were 440 deaths, 414 ewres, sad on the 7th inst. 14 twese ~lab( win trlataisat." ITALY. The Partarnento of Turin, of the I 1 th, announces from Aosta that the judicial inquiry into the late dis turbances is proceeding with activity. It does not appear as yet that there was any preconcerted plot, nevertheless part of the clergy of the valley had been for some time past declaiming against the govern ment, and the Indepenelanee of Aosta had published some very violent articles against the Cavour cabi net. Six parish priests have been arrested—viz., those of Istoque, Douse, Nur, St. Marcel, Gignod, and Ansey Bt. Andre. Some mayors have also been arrested, and 400 other persons besides. In the pro vieoe of Ivrea, where the population is more en lightened, there have been no disturbances, except at Maize, where a few boys began crying " Down with the constitution ! " Some skirmishes took place on the mountains near Chatillon between the insur gents and the troops. Three insurgents were wounded, and carried to the hospital. AUSTRIAN-ITALY. A letter from Milan of the 9th, in the Opinions of Turin, states that the police continue to exercise the strictest vigilance over strangers, who are liable to be called upon to produce their caries de aural . at a moment's notice, whether they be at a café, on a rail way, at the theatre, or any other public place. GERMANY. Letters from Vienna and Berlin state that the article in the Manacler respecting the entry of the fleets into the Black Sea has put the " European Concert" to a severe strain. The article published on the occasion in the government organ, the Austrian Correspondins (given below), sufficiently proves this; and moreover, tt is stated upon good'autho rity that the representatives of Austria and Prussia, both at Paris and London, have been instructed to express their repot that at a moment when the Emperor of Russia was repeating his professions in favour of peace, and declaring his readiness to accept the note of Vienna with the modifications to which he had consented at Olmutz, anything should have been done of a nature to create irritation at St. Petersburg. The Austrian and Prussian cabinets, however, say . that they will persist in their good offices to bring about a pacific solution, and in their determination to observe a strict neutrality if these offices should not produce the desired re sult. The semi-official Austrian Correspondent says: We are far from wishing to leuen the importance of the measure adopted by the governments of England and Franco, as announced by the Monsieur, or to deny that it may, to our great regret, lead to serious circumstances. We cannot believe that this measure advances the work of mediation to which Austria and Prussia, in accord with France and England, gave on the sth ult. a basis which opened so favourable a perspective, particularly as there is net for the moment any reason to ?sin the slightest doubt as to the sincerity of the word of the Emperor Nicholas, that his intention was not to make conquests or to attack the integrity and sovereignty of the Sublime Porte; neither, in our opinion, should the formal declare. lion o the governments of France and England that they only seed their fleets into the Black Sea in order to hasten peace, and to circumice v the war between Russia and Turkey within the narrowest possible limits, bo the object of any serious doubt. If this measure has been determined on, in consequence of the affair being regarded in a different view to that taken by the German powen, the good efforts of the Austrian cabinet will not be wanting at any time to re-establish the compromised good iaHlli gence between our al'' 'I, or to bring about between Buda and the Ottoman Porte a peace honourable for the two per du, and satisfactory for the whole of Europe. But what ever turn events may take, it is certain that there does not exist for Austria any motive for uniting in warlike pro late& The semi-official Zeit of Berlin states that there is no truth in the rumour of an intended mobilisation of the Prussian army. It was said a few days ago in the Daily News that Prussia had concluded a treaty with Oldenburg foe the formation of a Prussian naval establishment in the North Sea. Letters from the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg inform us that a communication from the ' Minister was read to the Chamber sitting in 10Idenburg on the 9th inst. respecting this arrange ment. It began by stating the importance and value that would accrue to all Germany by the development of a naval power; that the building and equipment of a fleet was sure to command the sympathy of all Germans; that the want of it was sensibly felt, and that the north of Germany ought not to remain any longer with an unprotected coast, especially as events bad not realised the wishes of tho Baltic states. In consequence Prussia had concluded a treaty 7i'; Oldenburg, in which not only the general 10t5.., • I of Germany, but the special ones of Oldenburg had bean consulted, seeing that its trade and commerce would be bentfitted, and its isolation would cease. IThe chambers were consequently requested to ratify, ' in secret committee, this treaty, which was concluded with Prussia on the 20th of J 1853, for the forma tion of a war-port on the Jande. A despatch, dated Carlerhue, 12th, states that the Prince Regent opened the session of the Diet of the Grand Duchy of Baden in person on that day. Hie speech expresses regret that the last act of the Bishop of Friburg, in Bmisgau who claims more extensive privileges, should ha ve: created a conflict which had occupied the attention of the religious world. "In proportion (he said) as this iffair has been badly appreciated abroad, I see with in creased satisfaction the confidence with which my people support me, moved by the well founded conviction that the belief of my catholic subjects is as dear to me as my own. - Be assured, there fore, that while protecting the dignity . of the crown, I shall constantly endeavour to bring about a pacific solution of the existing dissidences, and to secure to the holders of the ecclesiastical autho rity a position to enable them to accomplish their 1111691011. AMERICA. (BT NAONNTIC TNLEOltlall.) ARRIVAL OF THE AMERICA. (TROY OVA OWN CORBESPONDINT.) LIVERPOOL, MONDAY. This forenoon the Royal Mail steam-ship, Ame- rica, Captain Lang, arrived in the Mersey with the usual mails from the Uaited States and British North America. The America sailed from Boston on the 4th, and Halifax on the 6th inst., and has brought, besides the mails, about 40 passengers and 150,000 dole. in specie on freight. . - The Royal Mail steam-ship Africa, from hence, arrived at New York on the 30th ult. The screw ateam•ship Glasgow, from Glasgow, arrived at New York on the Ist inst. At New York business was almost suspended, on account of the holidays. Money remained easy, and stocks had assumed firmness. _ In breadstuffs an advance had been made on the previously reported prices, and holders showed great firmness at the advanced quotations. In cotton nothing had been done. Exchange on London was quoted at 109 to 1091. LIVERPOOL, SATERDAY.—The British and North American royal w.il steamship, Asia, Edward 0. Lott, commander, sailed from the Money this morning, for New York, with the usual mails for the United States and British North American possessions, 56 passeoaers, and a large] and valuable cargo of merchandise on freight. The clipper ship Eagle, Capt. Boy ce, also sailed to-day for Mel bourne, with a full cargo and an average number of pas- Deniers on board. TUE GOLDEN Ann:—We notioe the arrival at St. Vincent, Cape DelVerds, on the 16th ult., of the American paddle-wheel steamship, Golden Age,',Capt. Porter, U.S.N., which sailed from Liverpool on the sth ult. after a very good passage of eleven days. After coaling for three days she tailed for her destination. She will call at the Cape of Good Hope to land letters and newspaper', and to coal. THE PARKS.—Notwithstanding the thaw which succeeded the frost of hat week, the ice on the upper put of the Serpentine in the Kensington Gardens became strong enough to bear again on Saturday morning, when several gentlemen ventured upon it with their skates in the course of the day. The old roe is still on an average about four lashes in thickness, and the slight frost of Friday night gave a beautiful new surface to the water which has settled upoc it. The Rev. Mr. Autrobus and one or two other members of the Skating Club were present during the morning, and although the Royal Humane Society's men were not present, no accident occurred beyond a few trifliog immersions. It is a singular fact that on Saturday last, while the to was strong enough to bear upon the Serpen tine, in the country the ground was sufficiently thawed to eatable the hoards to meet as usual. THE WEST INDIA AND PACIFIC MAILS. The Royal West India Mail Packet Solent, Cap. Min J. H. Jellicoe, Esq., from the West Indies, Sc ., arrived yesterday at Southampton, and landed lur mails under the charge of Lieut. Henry liedihk, RN. Admiralty agent. Dates of sailing of the Medway, Avon, Teviot, and Solent, royal mail( packets:—Honduras, Ike. 17; Cathagena, 25; Jamaica, 26; St. Jago de Cuba, 26; Demerara, 25; Trinidad, 25; Barbadoes, 27; Anti gua, 29; Martinique, 28; Grenada, 26; Porto ltico, 29; St. Thomas, 30 ; La Guayra, 25; Bermuda, 25; Papal, 25. The Solent brings 31 passengers, among whom are —On sick leave: Major Halliday, 36th Regt., from Barbadoea ; Captain Shaw, Royal Artillery, from Jamaica; D. A. Com. General Darling, from Barbadoes. The freight consists of 749,104 doll., viz.: Silver, 452,353 dols.; gold dust and gold, 99,027 dols.•, specie, gold and silver, 197,724 dole . 55 serous of cochineal, 54 serous of drugs; pearls, 3,462 dols.; tobacco, 224 bales; cigars, 115 cases; succadees, 27 packages . ; sundries, 46 packages. There is no mail from Vera Cruz. Her Majesty's sloop of war, Virago, sailed from Panama on the 17th December, for the Gulf of San Miguel, for the purpose of examining the proposed route for a canal across the Isthmus of Darien. St. Vincent, Grenada, Tobago, and Trinidad, were healthy on the 25th December. The cholera was at Nevis on the 30th Dec.__ ..-. The Treasurer of St. Vincent came to his death by a fall down some stairs on the 22nd Dec. Ile ex pired almost instantaneously. The Bishop of Barbadoes had held confirmations at St. Vincent and one or two of the islands near, in December, 1853. The Devastation was to take Lient.-General Wood, Commander•in-Chief of the Forces at Barbadoes, to Trinidad, calling there on her way to Ls 6 aayra. The American barque Atlas, from Liverpool to New Orleans, had been towed into St. Thomas en tirely diamasted. Had emigrants on board, 47 of whom had died on the passage from cholera. The cholera was still raging at St. Thomas, bat the number of deaths daily had decreased, confined entirely to the coloured population. The mail left Jamaica in the midst of the Christmas holidays. On the Monday following Christmas•day most of the stores were closed, in order to afford the persons employed in them their accustomed holiday; and neither of the daily newspapers were published. The weather for some time past had been remarkably mild and serene, on the south side of the island. The public health on the whole tolerably good. The House of Assembly rose on 22ad December, and adjourned to the 17th ult. In Tfemerara, the weather, extrer linary for the season, had bean everything the pier ter could wish —sufficiently dry to admit of the finishing of the year's crop, yet so moist as to be highly benific:al to the growing cane. The amount of the crop cannot ' yet be ann nixed, but it may be safely predicated that the failing off as comparea 'with last year has been much exaggerated. Trade is brisk. Freights still continue to rule high in consequence of the want of shipping, and produce is low in pi ice. The arrival of Coolie ships, due early in January, is anxiously looked for as a cure for the excessive rates now charged. The Court of Policy has had a short cession, bat the proceedings hare been unimportant. There was when the packet left no appearance of a settled rainy season. The colony generally was healthy. - - In Trinidad labour on the supr estates was sus pended until after the holidays. The weather in the rural districts had been very wet, and done much good in pushing on last crop's ratoons. Thd sugar crop about to be reaped in would, it was thought, under the most favourable circumstances, not exceed the crop of 1853. The cocoa crop now in course of picking falls short of last year. The heavy rains of October last destroyed a vast num ber of the young buds. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. KINGSTON, JAMAICA, Dag. 24, 1853. With larger supplies at market, and a general decline of prices, we notice no corre'ponding improvement in the demand for imported goads. Indeed, dealers are quite averse to increase their stocks at this period of the year, and en treat in a few instances, no sales of importance have been effected. The Chriatmos holidays hove had little or no influence on the busineu of the fortnight. 11GANDY continues dull of sale. The best brands may be quoted nt 145. per gallon. COSENE.—Ordinary to good ordinary commands 31r. to 365. per 100Ibs. very readily. COHN.—There is now an overabundant supply of South American at market, and prices have fatten. We hear of sales at as low a figure as 3s. 6d. to 3s. 91. per bushel. CHEESE.—Eoglish is rather wanted. The usual supplies per packet did not come on on the last occasion. A parcel of American has been sold at a price which we have been unable to ascertain. FLoun.—A parcel of 1,700 barrels new wheat, but not of recent receipt, changed hands at 355., and another of 410 barrels of a similar description, moved at 365., with 154 half-barrels at 18s. 6d. The last receipts from Baltimore are held for 40s. to 425. Of these, 130 barrels slightly deranged by lard were sold at auction at 365. 6d. FREIGUTS.—Tonnage for Great Britain will be wanted. immediately. PIMENTO.—No transactions are reported. The crop hai been nearly all disposed of. RICE is. quiet. Good Bengal is worth 18s. to 1)s. per 1001bs., and Patna 20s. to 21t. RCM is quiet ; speculators still holding for advanced rates. EXCHANGES ON LONDON.—Colonial and Jamaica Banks: 90 days, i per cent. premium ; 60 days, 1 per cent. pre , mium ;30 days, per cent. premium. The Lima, Captain Bloomfield, arrived at Panama e- : she brings 280,000 dollars, in silver bias .ind coin. Valparaiso dates are to Dec. 1 ; there is 111) UMW/. From Bolivia, the last accounts represent Beira to be at La Paz with his forces. It is said that he has accepted the mediation of Chili in the dispute between him and the Peruvian government. Cobqa is still blockaded by the Peruvian fleet. From Callao our dates are to the 12th. General Echinique, the president, had not left Lima to head his army, as he intended. It is said that he dreads a revolution at home, should he leave. 1)on Domingo Elias has left Yalta, and is supposed to be concealed in Lima. The late invasion of Pern by Belzu was doubtless part of a scheme got up by Elias, in con junction with his attempt at tambes. Ecuador has declared the navigation of hor tribu taries of the Amazon free to all nations. She has also passed a law authorising steps to be taken to treat with New Granada and Venezeula for the re-or ganisation of the Columbian confederation. Her Britannic Majesty's steam sloop Virago arrived at Panama on the 12th from the coast of Mexico with 355,000 dole. in silver on British account. She brings news (previously received in England, eta New York) of the taking of La Paz, in Lower California, by the American fillibusters from San Francisco. They had taken the governor prisoner, and by last accounts were aw-."•ing reinforcements at Cape St. Lucas. A further le. : i of the Panama railroad will be opened on the Ist of January, making in all 31 miles completed, and 18 as yet to finish. Her Britannic Majesty's ship Virago, Acting commander James C. Provost, arrived at Noma Dec. 12, with specie from the Mexican ports, amount ing to 450,000 doll., for England, on merchants account. She left Guaymas Nov. 20, :Mazatlan Nov. 26, and Acapulco Nov. 30. On Dec. Is, the Virago left Panama for the Gulf of San Miguel, with the intention, it is said, of examining the port and ricer Savana. Her Majesty's ships in the Pacific—Portland , the flag of Rear-Admiral Moresby, at Arica ; Amphi trite, 24, Captain Charles Frederick, at Guaymas; and Trincomalee, 24, Capt. Wallace Honatoun,on passage from San Francisco, Nov.l l , for Valparais(:. The Peninsular Steam Navigation Compa n y * steamer Lima arrived at Panama Dee , 15 with sp ecie amounting to 280,000 dollars for England on mer chants' account. Date of mails : Valparaiso, Dec. 1: Callao, Dec. 12 ; Peita, Dec. 15 ; and left again for the south on Dec. 22. The Winfield Scott, American steamer. with the Californian mails of Dec. 1, had not arrived at Pa nama on Dec. 14, the date they were due there. Much anxiety exists that she had not made her ap pearance even on the 23rd, consequently there is neither mails nor specie from California by the English packet Teviot leaving Colon, Navy Bay, Dee. 25. The Sierra Nevada, American steamer. for San Juan del Sad, left San Francisco about tour hours atter the Winfield Scott left that port, and on the 1 11 fourth day Imo up with the latter vessel, keeping • S •••••••••••" COU 3 P a night.; let sii for bel per. route t MOW in the York, day a The for the gem: 1 of Dec s pecti , The weatb Main: Dat Bay, i Dec. 2 Car bark ; from ( Dec Carthj Seys3 , was t Calyp on till Thi lellic Th a fel Oren of hi publi broth