The Express. — London, England, 1855-08-29 00:00:00

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The Aided mews d 20111ASINd &Waal& OIL weeds,: entameale d Mishaid Y artionally bans and aggesialed. and Y awarded by astaseas esalmalmla, and masa by the bighorn aloha kiaa oa ladmies %alai ~Me abi rem at the Med. aseehial the ills be la awary. stab. dualamat poir deism Sloss eml is/ Do/d% srlehe It maimel=d e rame ploodaael WA* Wow illby selt. Win. sal salealmft le dr Islaa parlsdit hems llta mdag N. ta w /haft laa (am! le tear man Ida imidesble tbatsim Swoop book. labll by A. IIOWL&ND mad lONA 119. iarmaliska. lark" lad by all Climate mad he- Arm mss CUIWILI " tCrt& I VITII I MON; being f i ta i le t aft e& u rn d ellis dime& A TRICATIMINIINA = a t= it SWART. Medea : Lwow mews. Grim eel Ir semeir. . THE DAILY NEWS: LONDON MORNING CEO am' PAPER, price anstamped 4d., stamped Sd. a Taidt=al Journal, the advocate of free ocanterst and In be emend and mine of ite general sews—ln the sseeossy of Its Piti ppm% nind in the larkd mercantile and eminteretal inlerma reamenned in be My, railway, ad met astibm—tals paper IM ALLOTEINISPONDENTS AT THE NEAT OF WAII. US MOOS NEWS IN ItILIABLII AND IMPARTIAL. int asly Impart at dripping is the bibs bas edge3oll by men Onetbmi N. ONLY DADA It EWA% • Illitrtydam TEE . IT mum ALL mown ADTERTIIIIIIIMTE . Ibleefiderly imeeendest, and, bun. maw by mere than ably Ems eny of its oostrientembe. ppm Ma, by asmielsney • emb blermatioa, achieved br Nadia fuselage aad positlon ant eny. To ',dna e . 2 . mbee .... tntiler aememea in the kingdom; cc at e a I D =TA W waft . petal • recluse pie. ims pilkits 'Po farebb Ps isms es miss spar essoks Is Nl* e psi grate, pill sissate by rescelk• aim PAILY NEWS LENT TO READ, him 8 a.m. 'awl 3 p.m, et le. Few week; sontled in tows IR einstry , et v piti z t a. c (wwwwwwed pej n z inark iteeetw; Mr. RAIL Y NEWS FORWARDED to the COUNTRY bEVENING PORT. at M. Id. per ddr.,mutest m advaate. JOIN 1100U0S, 10, Uproot Albsay.ol., Itiest'rpark, Bookssikr .li Were adtit. !LAILY NEWS LENT TO READ, in London, ante. per quarter.--616 9 fr by MORNING MAIL at El Us. 6d. NG DO., Ma Id. per qr.—lL ADAMS, I. Partteamat.erreal. Weetrabeeer, Num Ag-ai. BAYSWATER. -DAILY NEWS LENT TO READ: sod .opplied to the country by owning pan. ot pastor. ;aid to IL MUMS, Orovo-Oortoot, Wait. Novo Artist. TEE MURDER AT CUDRAM Up to last evening the polies had not ettooteded in agerehendieg either of the two rasa swat who suspicion 11•11 lolled. Theis names ere Robert Pestles and Clark. The former is • ticket of leave coavist, and was Mina la the mighbeerbood of Callum within a few days of the murder. Os Sanday moraine, after information md the murder bad bees received at Croydon, bat belles it was knows that he woo suspected, some ef the 'meaty polies, it appears, actually stopped Peelle, es the eatakirts of Croydon, and searched Ws, bet IstAiag aotliiig of a suspicious character tapes bilk metered bias to ennead to Louden, where he stated be sees going le seek work are • shoemaker. He is described u behig abut 24 posted's*, Mt. Its. high, without whiskers, end suite • little. Had en a dark shootidg coat, dark Mali an, sad black hat. Clark, themes suspected by the Croydon is Matey'd to be • deserter hors the Grenadier , sad ealls hismelf • navigator. He is 43 yams of age, 1111 10m. is keight,very spright,with • lesg seek, dark ma- V, aad large bushy whiskers. Mrs. Bayley still lies a dmi geseariess and insensible conditiee. It seems to hare bees kaowa that ake had saved a suss of mosey On the perinea of puts' her tumoral expellees, keeping it M the setup, and it was at drat supple ed that this imam bad been molts by ti • murderer. It mew appears that this was set the aim, as, although several bones were bashes sees, this enmity was not Woad, sad Ma only mossy serried er wee • arra of about 30s. Some articles of clothing were, however, takes from the cottage, an attempt to dispose of Thad may lead to the detection of the gaily party. They meeleed of two women's dream*, ea Ostord misters abut fog teat, sad a pair ef dark anyone with bread stripe dews the kgs, sad the hip of the waiatbaad bawd with BATTLE THE TCHERNAYA. THE NEW BOMBARDMENT. (FROM OVA LATE ON THE DANUBE.) TURKISH WO, %AMARA, AllOl7lll IS. The disastrous affair of the 18th Jane was at least in a great measure atoned for by a decisive victory ;pin' on Thursday over a large body of Russians, by the French and Sardinians on the Toisernaya. To give you anything like a correct ides of a con flict which, though fought out, considering the num ber of the combatants, in a very small epee, derived a great deal of its incidental importance from the natant of the terra" it is almost necessary le call attention to a few of the leading feature* of the itro well known, now so often described, district Balaklava. If you descend from the northers side of the plateau, on which the besieging armies are encamped, into the gorge through which the Toheynaya empties itself into the harbour, sad follow the banks of the river for a short diatoms upwards, you find yourself in a narrow valley, with the heights of Mackenzie's Farm rising abruptly on your left, like tall cliffs on the sea shore; and on your right a row of small hills, ex tending, with greater or less intervals between them, on to Tchorgoun. Beyond them is the plain of Bala- Wave, which is broken in its centre by a somewhat similar line of eminences, bet in this instance so small as hardly to be entitled to aey better appella tion than that of monads. It was on these last that the Turkish redoubts were thrown up, which were so precipitately abandoned by their defenders on the 25th of October. The highest of these hillocks does not rise above two or three hun dred feet from the level of the plain. Between Tchorgoun and Inkermann they are some of the most remarkable features in the landscape; but on crossing the river on the road from Balaklava to the former of those plates, they no longer stand apart, each from its neighbour, but become more and more closely crowded together, and are soon last in the picturesque confusion of the great range of hills which extend without interruption along the whole of the southern coast. On two or three of these, which lie in a cluster on the aide of the plain next Inkermann, and directly facing the Mackenzie Heights, the road from which passes between them, have encamped for some time past three divisions of French. On the side next the Tchernaya the position was defended by a precipitoes and escarpe descent, on which sotnestunted brushwood still remained, but which in most places, stripped of the soil by the rain of ages, presents but the white enemies of the chalk which plays Do im portant a part in the geology of the whole district; on the side next Balaklava the descent is comparatively easy. On the summit rested the right wing of Li prandi's army on the 25th of October, and on the southern side were pleated the greater number of the batteries which mowed down the British Light Cavalry, as they charged along the slope which leads gently towards the ford on the road to Tchorgoun. This ford is reached through a tolerably wide open ing, which separates the French position from that of the Piedmonts**, who occupied the heights imme diately under the village of Kamera, extending a short distance to the right. The valley still ristbar to their right, which is traversed by the Wereasoff-road, leading on to Baidar, was alemied by the Turks. The three armies occupied a skis of eminences forming a semi-circle drawn hem Inhermann to the sea, and embracing Balaklava sea the ;phis within its two winge—or, in other wok pot the position taken up by Liprandi but alma. lbs French divisions were encamped on the Imp of the hills ; between these hills runs the road leallag up to Mackeozie's Farm, and crossing the river le the valley by a stone bridge, for the protection of which a small redoubt had been thrown up in front. This Me de pont was on the night of the 18th inst. varied by the 20th of the line. The Piedmontese bed batteries regularly fortified on all the heights eueleakieg the ford on the road to Tchorgoun, and bail Os wiper end of the valley completely within enh asp. On the other aide of the river, on the Impel • lel. similar in every respect to those I have hem describing, they had on the same night an out post esespcsed of two companies of infantry, for whose greater security, considering their distance from Muir own lines, a small entrenchment had been them tip Per some time past, as I mentioned in several of my recut letters, rumours have been afloat each night that an attack in force along the whole line `would be made on the morrow. Fora long while, however, these appear to have bad no better founda tion they the fact, which seemed pretty well sear tibia, that the Russians had received large rein toresseents, and, from hearing 10 essay warnings,which time did not justify, as is usually the case, the French and Piedmonts'', both, I think, fell into a state of greater carelessness than if they had never received any warning at all. Still the air seemed thick with eons; nobody could fully satisfy himself that no danger was imminent, though he could not make up his mind as to when or in what shape it would present Sea The deserters had so often proved false prophets that people began to doubt all their stories, until on Wednesday evening three spies came io, who posi tively declared that an attack would be made in force on the following morning ; and hardly had they ceased speaking when General Allonville, command ing the French cavalry at Raider, telegraphed that the heights around were covered with troops, and that he wished to retire, from the fear that he might ,he cut off, but could not, owing to the road being blocked up by some licndreds of com missariat waggons. He went on to give some details regarding the attack, which made it evident that he had likewise received some information, when a fog came on, and the telegraph ceased work ing. The Turks remained under arms all night, bat, strange to say, the French, who were most of all interested in the matter, seem to have given them selves no trouble whatever about it, but went to bed and slept tranquilly. A peloton of Chaaseursd'Afrique went out to patrol daring the night, and on 1' or SWZABORO. (Frost the Invulnerable Rouse.) A supplement to the above journal contaiu the Wowing despatches frost the Consia...ndur of Bwitaborg. ?key _an dated 29th of July (otherwise August 10): " The enemy's fleet , won't. og of 150 ships of the line, 1210 morter.boau, and 230 guo•hosts, anchored at 9 sad 11 Art, and opened fire. They axed from 500 to 620 slums • -Wave, but with so effect. " 2 40 alter Midnight —The fire of the enemy lee bosoms N loavy that three leortaribost. have bees shattered to =by the recoil, the crows of which were Melted up by oats of the ship. of Use line. The enemy has already MN 10,000.110 UL "6 66 a.s.-411 shell hu fallen upon a spirit shop, and s asailseratioa of twenty hogsheads of reit ie the souse , gums. Mathis' us meld the enthusiasm of oar be.,. soldievp, who burs for the hour of Tongues's. " 8.16 iss.—A rocket has jest 'Meted a ebemist's, sad ma explosion followed. The chemist's aufeetuaistely adjoia • lag as oil and pickle shop, the Isaias have owned. The misdeal of sue troops is excellent. " 10 25 a.w.—A shell bus bunt is a horrid of tar, is close rity to • powder inevaiax This impending duettist. as stayed by the heroic Beeebedler Wegbisownehinoff, who Stag himself into the burning man, and, at the cost at his life, and with isaedible euthwits, extinguished it. BM adios have been preserved, sad, duly outwitted I. ea ors a Mistime, will be dedieated to St. Andrew. " 12.30 PAL—The enemy how brought up all his boats, bat, thesis be to Sr. Nicholu, has done nothing of emu opress. - 1 P.5.—A Inciter match manufectory caught flu, but the Ames have bees extinguished by a milkmaid (mum sot Ones). "1 P.lll.—The enemy haws withdrawn all their ships, imarter-Donis, and gee-beats that have escaped. "AU oar batten's ere useolidated in their foundadoas by the thunder of the enemy. " Casualties-oas cossack miring."—Psosek. A number of enthusiastic archers propels to seta • bask is floodasil u srekory meting os the boob of the Oros4 ?fatless! Aseisny liketisg." The int manias is Is be laid at Glasgow o• the 4th of September. the other lido of the river All into ambuscade, and were all made prisonen, ex cept two men, who gawped and give the alarm ; but even this was treated as owe of the ordinary inci diets of night duty in preemies of the enemy. About ea hour before daybreak the French sentinels in front of the bridge thought they could perceive shadows gliding past them in the darkness and fired. There was no reply, and silence deep as death fol. LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 29, 1855. lowed; about the same time a few shots were heard from the hill occupied by the Piedmonteee out post, but, as the utmost stillness prevailed after wards on every side, no precautions were taken till just as the first streak of light made itself visible in the horizon a sharp fire woe opened from a party of skirmishers against the MU de post, and a regular assault made upon the Sardinian picket. General della Marmora wee already on the ground, and sent a battalion of berseglieri to reinforce the post, so that they might defend themselves till the troops could be got under arms, and the necessary arrangements made. When the reinforcements arrived half the picket was already hors de combat, and the assailants were up on the parapet of the little redoubt firing down into them. To prolong the conflict here would only have canoed a mashies roamers, and the Sardinians consequently withdrew behind an fpauleinent on the other side of the river, near the aqueduct, and there defended themselves till the day broke clearly, and the attack became pneceL On the side of the French, the tee* do pod was assaulted in great force, and carried very aeon after the enemy's first showing himself on the ground, notwithstanding the heroic resistance of the 20th Regiment of the line, which in one battalion alone lost twelve officers. The bridge was now occu pied, two batteries of artillery were brought across, so as to sweep the road loading between the two heights towards Balaklava, and a strong column was pushed on to the assault and mounted the decli vity. Stronge to say, although General Pelissier had received full warning the previous night, he refused to believe in an attack until it actually commenced, and consequently no dispositions were made, and no body was ready. The Russians had already reached the crest of the hill, while the French were still asleep; many officers were awakened by the round shot passing through their tents; a sergeant had his head taken off while writing the orders of the day for the division. At this critical moment two battalions alone of the 2nd Regiment of Zociaves held the whole assaulting column in check, and contested the grouad inch by inch till they were forced back upon their own tents. In the meantime the alarm was sounding, the troops got into order, the artillery into position, and a vigorous mast drove the Russians down the declivity, leaving it covered with their dead and wounded. All this, be it well remembered, 'occurred in the grey of the morning, which the smoke of the action converted into something like positive darkness, leaving everybody as yet in complete ignorance as to the force they had to contend with, or the dangers they had to bear. In the short payee which followed, however, and during which both sides prepared for a renewal of the struggle, the sun came out from behind the hills, the smoke rose, and the valley of the Tcberuaya lay before us like a picture. The tract of table-land lying at the foot of the Mackenzie heights was covered with masses of cavalry, infantry, and artil lery. About 30 guns were ranged in • crescent outside the bridge, and thundered unceasingly against the French position. On the bill from which the Pied. seam picket had been driven were crowds of men amend a battery of field artillery, which fired inces gently, though against what I could never clearly auks out. I must not forget to mention, however, that they had previously shelled two battalions of Turks encamped in the hollow near the Woronzoff road, and forced them to retire. This retrograde movement was the only part the latter bore in the whole affair ; but it is right to add they were under arms already, in owe the positions had been attacked. The Piedmontese were drawn up in line behind a small eminence dose to the ford on the Tchorgoum road, and their batteries on the heights to the right were vigorously replying to the Russian fire; the three divisions of French, Camoux, Erbillon, and Fanelli= were under arms, front line • little way back from the brow of the hill, and • great number of Zonata were lying down in shelter behind a small ridge. Below, on the plain, along the hollow on which the English light horse died so gallantly last win ter, every turf beneath their feet a soldier's sepul chre, were ranged the English and French cavalry, squadron after squadron, extending back nearly to the Turkish redoubts, ready to act in case the enemy should force the Piedmontese position and attempt to &bomb upon the open ground behind. The pennons niche Lancers fluttered gaily in long lines in the fresh morning breeze, and when the sun roes high in glory and poured down its rays fall on the plain, making scarlet look redder.and steel and brass brighter aid more resplendent, gilding the hill tops, making the tents glitter, and rolling smoke and mist in great packs up the valley towards Inkermann, the scene became one of passing splendour as well as of passing interest. We looked in breathless anxiety for the renewal of the conflict. The combatants had taken breath—their blood was up, for hundreds on both aides lay already stark and stiff on the river side around the bridge, and the artillery evidently was simply playing an interlude till the curtain rose upon another set in the tragedy. We were not kept long waiting. From behind the cloud of smoke which naturally hung •rotted the Read= batteries came two large *damns of the enemy, marching in quick time, about 200 yards apart and exactly parallel, a short distance from the river, and in a line with the bank. As they wound and twisted, mounted and descended, following the inequalities in the ground in long compact masers, their bayonets glancing in the sunlight, they looked wetly like two huge serpents creeping rapidly dm, their soaks glistening, and their prey in sight. Oa arriving within about eight hundred yards of the died, one halted, and the other turned off abruptly towards the river. It was evident they were about to semi 1 the French position more to tie right, on the side next the Sardinians. On reaching the water, some passed on small bridges hastily thrown over, the met forded, sad on gaining this side the column broke into loose order, and pushed on towards the canal or aqueduct, which TIM within an embank ment at the very foot of the hill. Before reaching it they had to traverse about two hundred yards of smooth green sward ; they were no longer exposed to the French artillery, because the guns could not be depressed suflicieutly to reach them, bat they had their flank turned to that of the Piedmontess, who had got the range to an Wok and fired with an accuracy little short of marvellous. The head of the column had hardly mem up drip ping from the orator, whet they found themselves in the midst of a storm of round shot, grape, and shell, bent upon mlentlesely, werelaxlngly, mowing them down by the score, and covering the survivors with clay and gravel. But I must do these survivors justice, and say that they key up right gallantly. marched firmly onward and upward, passed the anal, though the water was breast high, pushed isms yards still on the-precipitous side of the hill, ONO Mrs every wound was mortal, for all whq fell amid helplessly downwards into the aqueduct, and was betaatly drowned; but at last halted,turned, and fled—never stopping till they reached the river, when they got shelter under the banks and amongst the ad willows. An officer remained for some time alone ea the declivity, vainly urging them to follow him. Reinforcements now came up from the second "Mona; they re-formed, but again in loose open seise. or rather no order at all, for they marched annetly like a flock of sheep. This was done evi isstly so that they might present less mass for the ellillery to play upon, but it was a great mistake, as will be seen afterwards. This time they displayed more pluck and resolution ; they fell to be sure by the dozen, but they never wavered nor faltered, climbed on slowly and laboriously, and at last reached the creek of the hill, and cams eat on the level. When the head of the column attained this point, the Zouaves, who were lying down behind the ridge on the Russian left, jumped up and ran off to join the main body, posted near the artillery on the centre of the plateau and at the same moment the whole of the French, the artillery included, retired about a hundred yards before the advancing enemy. The firing had ceased except broken and puny file-firing from the assailants, who now, unable to form in line, and mixed up in disorder, doubtless perceived they should have either mounted in line, or halted and deployed before coming out on the open ground above. For some moments I thought the French were about to give way and retreat, and the Russians become masters of the height, but I was soon con vinced of my mistake. One could see them, it is true, falling back on all sides, and eosin up into a small round mass, but in the twinkling of an eye this mass opened out like a fan, two black lines shot from it on each side across the plateau, the centre closed up, divided itself, and the next mo ment a sheet of flame broke from the whole line, followed by a cloud of smoke, and the crash of the musketry fell on our ears in a long, continuous, un- Mitering whirr, like the roar of a waterfall, drowned every second by the mightier thunder of the artillery, which had made half a wheel to the right, and raked the crest of the hill with a tempest of grape. Strongly as one's sympathies might be engaged for the French, it was impossible to repress for the moment a sentiment of pity as one looked upon the crowd of Russians looming out through the smoke, as it roiled across them, feebly returniag the fire, unable to advance, afraid to retreat, ten thousand deaths in front—ten thousand more behind—help and hope nowhere. They paused for a few seconds, seemed to hesitate, but were speedily relieved from all embarrassment se to the course they should pursue by the advance of the French, whose cheer rang merrily through the morning air as they levelled their bayonets and rushed to the charge. The Ritssians gave one "Hurrah," as if they in tended to ow" up to the scratch, but instead of suiting the salon to the word, they wheeled about and flung themselves down the hill side in complete disorder, the Sardinian artillery again playing upon them es before. Some hundreds threw down their arms and surrendered to the French, sooner than run the gauntlet once more across the aqueduct and the river. The remnant of the column got under cover on the other side of the stream, and remained there for some minutes, until two battalions of Piedmontese came out upon the plain, and throw ing out skirmishers advanced upon the river. The Russians now retired in haste, and not in very good order, skirmishing as they went, until they reached the high ground on which their cavalry and the re serve et their artillery were stationed. During the pursuit the Piedmontese made some prisoners. The moment was propitious for • charge of cavalry, who might have cut them up completely. Major Grosse, the second on the Sardinian etat major, accordingly brought down their four squadrons, but the colonel objected to charge in face of the Russian cavalry force, fully five thousand in number, unless be were supported by French or English. A message was accordingly sent to General Maurice, the French general commanding the cavalry, requesting him to push forward a body of his men in the rear of the Piedmontese, but he declined, alleging that he had positive orders not to punue, having returned a similar answer to a similar request on the part of General Erbilloo, who commanded on the heights. This is extraordinary, but true, and the only thing one can say about it is to express a hope that there was some good reason for it not visible at first sight. Tile greater part of the Russian artil lery now retired, followed up to a short distance by the French Chasseurs de Vincennes: the cavalry then advanced is an immense line, forming a crescent, from out of which issued three guns, which fired away to protect the retreat, till the last column bad wound its weary way up the road to Mackenzie's Farm, or disappeared amongst the hills towards Tchionlion. Nothing now remained but to visit the field of battle, on which the Zouaves had already descended like vultures, and were removing every thing portable. The men* which presented itself on the banks of the river, below the canal, was something fearful beyond description, much more fearful than the ordinary horrors of a battle field. The canal itself was choked with dead, mod of whom had doubtless fallen into it living, after rolling down the bill side, and found repose in its muddy waters; broken muskets, bags of bread, cartridge., on dark red stain on the white chalky gravel, often alone marked the spot where the men first fell ; in a moment afterwards tumbled back to perdition. Many had fallen, after scrambling up to the brink of the aqueduct, and ere they had time to cross it, and if not caught in the bushes, rolled into the plain, breaking their bones in the de scent, and lie there as we passed, shrieking in agony, and imploring us to kill them and thus put an end to their suffering. Never did eye rest upon humanity in forms so mutilated, defaced, and disfigured as thee@ unhappy wretches, who lay writhing there in their bloody rags, their faces so plastered over with gore and duet that neither wife nor mother would ever hive recognised son or husband in those hideous masses of mortality. Some, but they were a small minority, sought to dreg themselves to the shade of the few bashes that skirted the river ; some sought to hide their heads from the fiery heat of the midday sun under their tattered garments, and others lay with faces upturned and ghastly, their limbs still trembling in the last quiver, and the flies already burrowing in their wounds. Men shot down by any sort of missile, and lying where they fall, gory and mutilated though they may be, is a eight to which one soon gets habituated, but wounded men who have been rolled over a rough soil, and their bones broken in their progress, is one of those sights that one rarely witnesses, and which he who has once seen it never wishes to see more. On towards the bridge the dead lay thicker and thicker. On the banks elf the river about it, sad is the river itself, they were " helloed and Pibiir mostly floe men, in the prime of life—many witiva vinisporserd air, which bespoke long years at simt- (Stamped ld. Additional.) [TWOPENC E. vice. Nearly every one bad a brandy bottle, either actually in his hand, or lying near him, or broken under him in his fall. I was riding with a Polish officer, who conversed with a great many of the wounded, who informed us that large quantities of brandy had been served out to the soldiers before the action, except the artillerymen. There were a great many small platforms lying about, some resembling ladders with the rungs very close, and carried by rope-slings attached to each end, as bridges to be thrown woes the aqueduct. The great majority, however, peened without them. The Zonaves had made a general collection of crosses, relics, and medals, and retailed them to the visitors, in addition to which pickings from the dead bodies, they made small collections of money from the persons of the wounded, managing dexterously to extract it from the inside of the trousers close to the knee, where the Russian soldiers generally carry their money,while pretending to examine into the nature of their wounds, thus avoiding giving any mental pain to the sufferers. Some very fine rifles, quite new, and now seen for the first time, were found on the field, but were instantly taken possession of by the military authori ties, and t h e sale prohibited. Judging from what I mw myself, and from comparing notes with others, and without being able to say how many bodies may be in the aqueduct, I should say the number left on the field was fifteen hundred; the usual calculation is that twice as many are wounded as are killed, and this, with between five and six hundred prisoners, not wounded, taken by the French and Piedmont's., would make the total loss of the Russians little short of 6,000 men hors it. combat. The divisions engaged were the 6th, 7th, 12th, and 17th, most of them belonging to dif ferent corps d'armee. One had never been under fire before, and had made a rapid march from Baktschi Semi and rested eight hours before the attack. One man, who fell high upon the bill side, assured us that he was in the last battalion of the reserve, and that every single soldier had been sent down rom the heights; so that had we pursed them we might have gained the Mackenzie plateau along with them, and held it. Prince Gortchakoff com manded in chief, and General Martinaloff the assault ing columns. The whole force, including cavalry and artillery, is calculated at 60,000 men. There were 60 guns in the field. There were only ten or twelve officers left on the ground, which proves that a great number must have ' been carried off in the retreat. The Piedmontese have lost 300 men killed and wounded ; amongst others, General Monte Vecchio, commanding one of the brigades, who was shot through the body, and was not expected to survive through yesterday. The French have about 1,100 men hors de combat. I was standing at the bridge while the French were collecting the wounded from the other side, and placing them in the ambulances. The Rus.ians could see perfectly well what they were about, from the Mackenzie heights, and nevertheless had the bar barity to fire from one of their batteries right into the crowd on the road. A scene of great confusion en sued ; the ambulance mules galloped off, causing the wounded they were carrying to shrink with pain. It was little short of a miracle that no one wu hurt by the shot, which I am told, after my departure, continued to be fired at intervals during the whole day. (FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT) CAMP ABOVE SEBASTOPOL, Auo. 18. I resume my diary, which will be found to contain notes of important events which have tr.nspired within the last three days. August 16.—At daybreak, about half-past 4 a.m., heavy firing was heard in the rear. On moving towards the right flank of our position, where the high ground upon which the battle of Inkermann was fought affords an opportunity of observing the Tcheres, a plain as far as Tchorgoun, a general view of the conflict was gained, and some idea could be formed of the object and extent of the struggle. The mists which remained over the low ground, and the thick volumes of smoke which rolled along the plain, and clung to the sides of the hills, concealed most of the details. It was evidently no rtoonnaissance or slight affair this time, but a preooncerted and very determined attack. An assault was being made against the French position for nearly half its length on the swelling low range of bilks stretching across the valley, and was continued along to the Sardinian position at Tchorgoun. A very close contest was going on near the stone bridge across the Tchernsya, and by the openings between the hills which form the route of communication with the Balaklava valley. The guns of the Sardinian batteries on the south side of the Tchorgoun entrance, and some field batteries of the French on the kills to the south of the river, were pouring a deadly fire into the Russian ranks, w hile the enemy's batteries near the lokermann mountain were unable to act, and comparatively few of their field guns, against our I allies, on account of the advanced position of their own troops and the nature of the ground. Large bodies (were seen to be drawn up in columns of re serve, as far back as the spot where the road to Mackenzie's Farm is lost to view behind the extremity of the lokermann mountain. Bodin of troops were observed also on the side, of the opposite hills. Half-past eight, a.m.—Atter every deadly struggle the Russians are retiring on all sides. Several times they crossed the river by the bridge and by fording, bat were repulsed by the fearful fire of the artillery ! and on gaining the sloping sides of the hills crowned by the French camps, by the fatal discharge of the French rifles. Now, as their columns are return ing towards the north side of the valley, a terrible dis charge of congreve rockets is being poured into their ranks from the French position on the right flank. and is evidently committing great havoc among their numbers. The field of action on both sides of the Tchernays, more especially for a wide distance round the Russian aide of the Tcheroaya-bridge, is strewed with killed and wounded troops, and a great number of hones are also lying or limping about the plain. The flag which was waving above the east end of the Inkermann mountain has been struck, and the shwa phone is quite inactive. The attack commenced about five o'clock, the first dhoti being beard near the Sardinian position. The An almost immediately opened along the whole Ilse, but it was soon rendered evident that the chief aim of the Russian commander was to force the pawn communicating with the valley of Balaklava, and thus to turn the flank of the French position on the hills, and break their chain of oommunication with the Piedmoutese troops. There are two . principal routes or openings in this direction. Ooe is formed by a break in the line of bill stretching across the plain, leaving a'passage between its east end, and • part cut off, as it were, and assuming the form of an irregular Mamelon. This Mamelon, as well u the line of hill, was held by French troops. The second pass is between the Mamelon and tke opening to Tchorgoum, and along this the river finds its way as it comes out of the gorge to wind through the valley. Through the first-named opening the high road from Simpheropol to Bala klava passes, and nearly opposite to it is a handsome stone bridge, spanning the river by two arches. This bridge is approached on either side by a gradual in cline, the road being carried over a series of laud arches. The river under ordinary toircumstapoes is fordable at this part. At the second opening then is no bridge across the river, excepting that for the aqueduct; the water spreads out, and is readily ford able. The passage of this ford was commanded by the guns of a redoubt held by the Sardinians. It was in the neighbourhood of the stone b and the ford above that the severest part i7 li g struggle took place. The numbers of dead lying about these two positions are greater than in say other part of the field of action. The Russians, as they approached along the road to the bridge , and on such side, were mown down by the fire of the artil leery of the allies; and, on the opposite side, the French, who were defending the psseage, eufler,cl from the fire of the Russian artillery, which had been brought up on the heights on the east of the road and valley. On two occasions the enemy succeeded in crossing the bridge,and in considerable numbest' began to climb up the sides of the Mamelun and the end of the bill occupied by the French, but the fire of the rifles above drove them back. It is stated that at one time the enemy was forced back by the 62nd French infantry at the point of the bayonet, but this is doubtful. As they retired across the river the artillery of the Allies committed great execution among them. Some of the French troops assert that the passage of the bridge by the Hoagland could have been easily prevented, but that it was purposely permitted, with the motive of entiapping them into more certain destruction. Be this as it may, the cross fire which was opened upon them as they advanced into the opening between the hills from the rifles of the infamy, and the direct fire of the artillery, caused great havoc among their ranks, and after the fight the bodies of the killed were found to be thickly strewn as far as six y' or seventy yards on the French side of the river. he aqueduct is net carried along by the side of the river, but, for the sake of having a higher level, is placed at the foot of the hills for some distance, the curves and windings of which it closely follows. The aqueduct is deep, and not easily crossed. Between it and the hill aide there is usually a deep ditch. Many of the Russians had not only crossed the river, but, pursuing their way, had also crossed the aqueduct. To enable them to do this, they bad been provided with numerous small platforms, just long and broad enough to form so many bridges across the aqueduct; these they had carried with them. In some places many wounded and dead were found lying in the ditch between the hill-side and the bunk upon which the aqueduct is raised. The small wuoden platforms carried by the men could be joined toge ther so u to form rafts, if required, for use on the river; but pontoons also were amply provided for the construction of regular bridges for the passage of cavalry or artillery. A great number of these small rafts and also some pontoons were left on the field, and taken by the allies. About half-past eight o'clock, after suffering an immense lass, aid having failed to achieve any ad vantage against the allies, _the enemy commenced his retreat. Although pursued by a destructive fire from artillery, and harassed by rockets from a battery on the right flank, it is but right to name that this was accomplished without any signs of disorder. It was noon before the last columns of the infante' , disap peared from view. Thus ended a contest which, whether as regards the foroe employed and the determined nature of the attack on the one side, or the decisive repulse and victory on the other, or whether its moral effect be considered, and the probable consequences bad a dif ferent result ensued, must hereatter bo reckoned among the most important events of the campaign. The battle of the Tchernaya will not soon be forgotten. The Russians had calcoluted upon a very different conclusion. They had apparently made no doubt of being able to drive the French from the line of bill across the valley, and had seemingly calculated upon pursuing their advantage into the valley of Balatex& The immense force of cavalry, said to amount to 16,000 troopers, which accompanied the army, could sot have been employed in the Tcheruaya valley, and must have been intended for subbequent opera tions in the plain of &Mk's.. A very large proportion of the soldiers carried with them small spades, evidently to entrench themselves when they had obtained a footing on the hill. They also had bread and cooked provisions enough to last for several days consumption. Had the Russians succeeded in the object aimed at they would have secured possession of the river and the acqueduct, and thus not only have inflicted a most serious loss oa the allies, but also have removed one evil from which their own army on the Inkermann and North Heights is said to be suffering, namely, the want of water foe their horses and cattle. Among the killed on the field a Russian general officer was recognised by his uniform; his head had been carried away by a round shot. Another general officer, wounded, was taken to one of the French ambulances. He was in much distress. Speaking in French, he said to a French officer by his side at the ambulance, "This is a sad day of disgrace for Russia, not to have set free the passage of the Tchernaya, defended by one French divi sion." Another Russian officer, who was made prisoner, and conversed in German, aeked " What was done in front of Sebastopol P" and on being told that nothing important had taken place there, expressed surprise. He afterwards explained that it was understood in the Russian army that simultaneous with the attack to gain the Tchernaya an assault was to be made by an overpowering force against the French and English works before the Karabelnaia. It is said that two other divisions, including a division of the Imperial Guard, are now on their way down from Perekop to join the Russian army: If this be true, perhaps the attempt which hael just failed may be renewed. On visiting the scene of action to-day, it was impossible to help remarking that the soldiers of the divisions just arrived and now lying dead on the field were very different men in strength and size of frame from the majority of those seen at Alma andlnkermana. Many were old men. even with grey hair, and a great proportion seemed to be mere youths. Their cheeks were hollow, too, as it the fatigues of their march hod acted upon their frames. Among the wounded there was a general stolid indifference to pain and suffering, which seemed to be in keeping with the vapid unin tellectual expression of their countenances. Nothing could exceed the kind attention of the French and Sardinians to their woupded prisoners, but the Rus sians kept op a constant fire from the battery on the spur of the Inkermaon mountain, and also from a redoubt lately erected on a comparatively low eminence in the valley immediately in front of it, against the parties who were bringing them in frdm the field. August 17.—At half-past four this morning a very active fire was opened from our right and left attacks against the Redan and its flanking batteries. Later in the morning the Mamelon opened a new battery against the Malakhoff. The fire from the French works was particularly vigorous at 6 a.m., and con tinued so for an hour; it then gradually subsided into a cannonade, but little stronger than ordinary. The cannonading from the English batteries has con tinued to be very energetic. The Redan has replied frequently, and has been supported by the Barrack and Garden Batteries. There has not been much fire from the French works on the left. The object of the great beams of timber and wag gon loads of planks, for a long time past observed to be brought to the north side, sad also in considerable quantities across to the south side, becomes more apparent daily. The raft bridge before alluded to is now brought nearly opposite to Fort Paul, and can be hind the second three-decker and t he twe-decker in the space which is left vacant stead. In a few days it will be completed betheseelninemeoufilysinhgips s t re tching zeroes the road to Fort Nicholas. Troops will then be able to walk across from Fort Katherine or Fort Sakai", as it is marked in the maps, to the south side in a continuous body. The workmen are now very busily employed upon the bridge. As each raft is added to the length already formed, it is firmly anchored down and connected. It seems to be very solidly constructed, floats some distance above the water, is broad, and would appear to be calcu lated to sustain the passage of heavy trucks or carts, as well as of men. The workmen are now occupied in fixing rails on each side for the protection of the passengers. The roof of the very large building,