The Express. — London, England, 1850-01-18 00:00:00

MEETING OF MIDDLESEX MAGISTRATES. Yeaterder, the megietrates of the county of Mid. dime: aesenibled at th- amino House, Cierkenwell, to trillion the financial and other Mahler of thr canny. Mr. rows ALL, tho afrinau of the beach. presided. The report of the Flames and General Purpose Commit tee wss thee read : the committee recommended the roan to authorise the e sooty treasurer to pay bills and demands to the sweat of 9,9851. la 61 Agreed to. sirixsza or coaoicsas' 111Q0211111. The committee stated in their report, in referees* to the mow re' snout% that " is then report protested at the last Au mot sessions, the feminine, referred to die heavy sad la mming charges apes the coma/ for °Proton' inquests, aid to the Jecision of the Court of Queen's Beath, is the cm of Trc r. the Justices Csermartheashin,' with re cent to the discretion vetted in justices la menials of deter mining whether inquests have bees City, that Is, necessarily. field and feeling it to be their duty, in accordance with that decision, and la justice to the ratepayin of the county, to make a careful and rigid ezaminatioa of the ccraners* sec pints. The committee appointed a special day for that ?tern, sad thee resolved that • notice should be given to :he emotes that the committee would require to be satis fied that the serval inquests had been den taken, before they recommended the accounts to the court for pay ment. The coroners attemnd the contain vin contequst.ce of their having mined that resolution, and it anpearing from the stateliest of Mr. We k • ey that he had net regularly kept acne or the evidence telt a, or the tirCRISINISKS attending the hotting of the inquests mestiosed in his accounts, not being aware that each would be r. quip d, but that be should he mat happy to do se for the luture—the committee a,:op:ed the followers reeohnioas, wkiek they now submit to the court fencArideretios an d adoption : Resolved— " That notice be given to the coroners that in future the Committee of Accounts and Gins's! Parpome will require to be informed of the prounds upon which each inquest has been taken, in order that they may be satisfied that such in. cr. it has been duly taken ; and that the coroners be mom. minded, for the better information of the committee, to keep LOWS of the esidrace up to which they hare acted in dit ectinit the inquest to be held, as well ea of that which was prodreed before the jury." Re. Iced also: " That the retrain be recommended to adopt as form system for obteining from the parieb officeri. or such other p sons as may etre the coroner notice kf a death, such preliminary information as may satisfy the coroner that the c.r.mmetartoes reqa re an inquest to be held; and that the c,rontre be requested to send In t 3 the committee, weft their arena a, the onformayon upon which they have The mouth= were carried unanimously. r b .Ne d :r., - , ? ; t ! to sake a I , fate ,untr. ru,p,,,w, ; Den tied that th *lay recoil merit. TN of their hay the 'tweet aches 01 the the holding Nine auan ha most hi ~'.., p ied the the court f " That I Compittee to be info.' bleu taken cu. rt has b mewled, 6 keep Lows ditectiog tl prodded Re. lye! " That fors 'yet,' other p. rat ouch prelim the c.rcoma the cure welt their 1 he real I . eerie te... House el b... 4 rut The gene? bei'. g bat I la thit 6.1 rm. , utoirtted Tao cosi be re- fur a rni rice the or pretiei•ies Kraut. re , Mr. AR ty. , ; rrM L re• use. I va..e to to tindery= for .1 ra e 1.., prat: laP. c. 541 le 1 it I a es gi the e`reer eitara.ftee aid c •tc.l too tone Th y••,. hi ia 1 he re. Cr?, Ira t Tar bib that :rola Oa the pranced t a. w lass ul 13.0091. 011icetione Mr. V visititte &Ida b- in Give convert.' retrearas fir Pl fever* veil • di itle la.= the is nit ed I Tee ea At: •Al 1 b • epp:ie.th poi re-. 1 • toe Midi Mr. Li impetime (.! j• tty I. Ito Z .lima tt brave t- "1.. e so pou.ittl .0 Me. Wi rd s.• 1.111. at Mr. EL w• ISO he iti L. 4 is he 1 re aft for kr of Sea. ass ice • • "a the e 'U, ire 64 II tn. PIC :• :Tr thu 1.. • 1 St. f - ia. • the . I . iroa •.•u ate- 1c:..) Si, rod 1;.:011.te•I 4011- ton I soy sad mph pc i rnt sing A pub . woo. na. a eie of Itr .18:1 who tt Mr. ..., Id IA L.sct re- , i - • • • • • 7. bra ••'•• , r- 'nate w.. r• ".. 30ta t' • !bier r ,pri• • ! • ••• r e re t..• am tO :r,. COUP I. 4... - . 1 , be g o. •• arr . ! • . r,. oat - se Ch.,. COD' r‘ ,at the a. is • IlOrrr qt Shirk. 1 • T w vioae TB* 1 dieli••• ow O r s litre braoi. r. • r Awe. . • tan the '•` ' t ritest ITlt t s w e 1001. Fenix' as 2t) '' • 6; 0•P • b.liarc ash) • ors • Y • Mr. n, . • )Vlll. oil , o d f o Uf% I it a • B in boo sell a l t war t e e not COVNTY raisoxe, 1. appeared from dos report of the visiting justices that House of Centrism at Coklbath add. eonteined • total oi prrecren—of whom 114 were committed for vagrancy. Te.. genteel Width of the estahinhaseut was good, there Isri• g bat 19 pen eaters malting mediae! attention. la the Howe of Ci.rrection, et Westminster, there were fq pm". rs, sad 14 children. There were 93 prisoners , corned h r vagrancy. ise s ommitteonernimuded to tho court that • gratuity of ' he purr tied to Mr Levi.,, the surgeon to the prison, ••• to uses recd. red by Mewls and his substitute du imitation of the cholera Lest year, and also further of smell sans to the subordinate ctlicers for like eu , 'er.d he tit. in dui-, the same period. ,RMSTRONO strongly objected to this gratuity rte. sated to Mr. Levies, and ter two reasons. The i s tn.t when ri gently en oddities of 601. • year was the wary of that gentleman, there wee • dictum in tog tilt he was to recent no tetra pay:nest wry. ; and the see rad was, that in grautiug tulips the CAM 1110 wing illegally. . Laren, Mr. J. Wiceost, Mr. L•1:1112, and :emirs.... °mood the granting of the gratuity. IECIOR ROSE, the chairman of the visiting 40112- 3.1,11444tal Twitistridea had requested him to with ths j art 01 ••• committee, the recommendation for nil, Let 1 • certainly should sot comply with that he coesadered that the beet coune to pursue would he the seem of the court at once upon the matter. The entree premed. d. with some warmth, to reply to inalmas of Mr. Williams, imputing '• jobbing" to the se ;a submitting this reconnuendatioa to the court :43.4 by mod. g the adoption of the r.commeada e gat , ed Kr Levies. isersti was put nom the chair, and was loge—the MIS 14 for, 13 against. •-near edition for gratuities to the inbulittete .a. thee. al pd. .4p.4: Ma then r. eeived in the usual , es was :rota the House ot D.teotion. the maws of Mr. Iturcit, the sum of SSOW. wee tel tower's the expenses or int:Anne Ind& tinge foe the sawn esyLisi at Cita., Hatch ; and the committee of of that establishment authoristd is r..ise the sem of to VITA the eapeadtture, under cer.ain elexteeeth :mooed be the mist on the lost county d y. ' r. WILKS moved, pursuant a notice. " Taat the • just c s of the Rouse of Cwrection at Coldhent mitt. is d to 42043.41 • sum not excess:Wit 2,000/ , tied fear barge dotaitoeus he the male lotion, and mg all the small d-reintories into swan sleeping l i mn, a discontinua: e t cf 19 damn, and an annual sent of 1,2331, will be stewed." 'E lER LA Valli said he felt the regret le siiSle s crr.illeg the motion, sod he eirearatulatod .he es ire circumstance that, whilst 83W. a year had red fa the Hesse of Detention, there wee ew betas 'I t wane du,* Osten ea 1.20 W. and 1.3001. a year th booms of eornetios. (Rear, hear.) w..s earned saanisiously. 41•43DAT109 ?Oa Cur are or P 1172 1402410211. , •pu.• Citrlt et the Pace laid before the court an n from dor major part of the juncos acting for the •i sal i•ireion of the hundred of o.re requesting t t cunt a fit and proper plus to be hind kg the ,r ta. !why 43M4100 of sink divides. ACI4III said this wee as appbcation of some ie., bring the first made to the court under the plo t • resseat act of parliament, enabling the *twee pawl.* to apply to the court fur accommodation for Weir petty eemima , and he trusted it would receive e rt.d susses coseideration of the court. lotion wee unit& and a spatial committee sp ,o a wider the subject. ILKS moved tire eppointment of 21 mazistrates as terwalts• fur Hanwell Luoaric Aunts. iLLIOT moved u an amendment that the number eau that one.third of that number retire annually, t be eligi. I- fur re-eleetfm for one yew. &seedier.' was supported by Sir Penns Leval., mum, Mr. Lsicani, Mr. W. INtittars, and other who complained that new mai/lactates were not sly admitted epos the committees, and on being pat their nee caned. OEPETTY CLERK of the PEACE laid before the alluded prison dietary, recommended for adoption attar) 01 Grate. c to the prison committees. , ;iss of the returning officers were allowed as -Westainstir, 3201. Lis. 43. ; Tower Muskets, hr I.; Fumbler', 40W, 17.. 6.1.; and Marylebone, iiiiaerntary, the flame and general purpose, the Liten A.) lum, and the prison cominittin were re ; and nAritg goes through some routine Button conned. UTTERS' EMIGRATION SOCIETY. tLlic meeting wee held in the Town-hall, Hull, es evens , e, to receive Meters. Evans and Twig as :rn tr. .ra this society. Mr. G. 8 in the SAN.. explained the sue with which working men • .s•, all the riving, of membership—the court ea already pursued—and the course now in pro• rt.. olject —the removal of the surplue teat bee'. co Sr: Ileum's! in the pottery trade, tLat r• norkmen b.d risen about 2.5 per cent., and the • avw arm Jly • underlie, ded." The experience of •r.nts already sent out was conclueve se to the .tut r the sienuis placer at their command to elevate .•es IL/ yee:uon of independent cultivator, of their .sn.l e hinging of the future by the pre Ire put, be predicated the increatiag usefulness oority et 'he ierstitu ion. In conclu&en, he Uri 14 . 111•1 'wird explaaation on points which he a fight to auks. No one rising for ease minutes, um.% 451,1 be wield " break the ice," and proceeded the results if his own experience eau otas.rve• • western larval of the Unite i States, is confienta. o yof Mr. Er.as'ri'Veyagets. WILK; ••. the next speaker. He is the agent Cl y • Wireeraen, 'nonce he hes returned fora very d H. c'steo that at Pottersulle (tht settle - r . as been soar Lee to the suety, by the 'hue • 'r law. , wrAch allowed emigrants to have food •• • 'yon • rtd.t for tt.e tint year, to he paid he the Ant emigrants, Utley( atithilh Li., had sot worked duns, the Bret year, gad St • a e it had gone to w.rk upon other term., and d eels., i rourty tbaa what was prAected by Woe es , •in from seizure, the enciety could net Set wools be able to do so io a alr•rt time, ••• •• 'would rave nbtaued en've roperty. The te..l.sed ibis Jae had sew bees sb li.hed, sad • • at the arm e.tsts wee to let the eairraste have yor "heir woekkg tor it upon the re em ! hue ) Sr e this doe eke insuotremeat o' the hied, • .t hot bet little attended to, had rap‘nly A. tadividual whe world pat up with the ehseli an tinders , t bet to erns tele enulrt. y. se true pun steer settlement, place hint. ceseuustaress ; but he w• ul4 have ' • to so theeugh, and snow difheulties to Ile Is all um materiels, lion ever, with • hue% culnirt.ble if he lik d to do an, Terstil.• would at thie moment esalien fur tor , Sting • prnlit of 60(11. or 00IX., instead I • nue, rested, a bankrupt toasts. Tits ....I sheen he hod 'sleeted ter the ene:s.ty was • • eai . s loom P 4•#nwillh, ow t. # Y x rater, P. • L.f a. eay he bed sera be 1:n • • • to Newer. Beau sad Twig ~ lnd•o Vie 'I latetioy, espial lasted loon B till 1) 'cod. 11 ‘ 11 -%.—The Rive, with Lit India and on th„ 31. s hi ne , for Al. cot 'rig, • .•, h. i s o s :oarr i : p '•a.`warol amide from ebb*, C cut t. lost biters Ir Aeatrea_, Cal- Mt) be expected on Setart.y. TAILORS AND "SWEATERS." A eery numerous meeting of journeymen and otben engaged in the above undo, was held last night at Exeter Halt, " for the purpose of expeolog the evils of the dor, sweating, sad middleman systems, and also the in jurious effects of the goveramout ' , entreats and prison leboar ; and to petition parliament to make it compulsory on all tauten to have their work done oa tier own promisee." The large hall in which the meeting took place was crowded to exams, every available space in the bocy of the ball, the WIWI" and the platform (where there were several master tailors), stop telly occupied. Thom wore, probably, sot twee than 6,000 piteous present. It had been announced in the advertisement convening the meeting, that Mr. H Mayhew, the special correspondent of the Morning Chrome*, would take the shall; but at the hour aimed roc cosameaciag the business of the evening, a =ea the platform mated tact a letter had been received Mr. Mayhew, who weld not, in consequence of other r age/temente, attend; and, in hie *lrene*, a Mr. TKONWI RRTSOI.DS, who was said to be well known to the trade, use called upon to presider. The CHAIRMAN Skim explained that the object of this meeting was to bring about mush an union of masters and men as should be conducive to the uneliorition of the con dition of the latter class, who were now suffering the most creel privations, in consequence of the insufficiency of the remuneration they receivou for their labour, and the lib since of sanitary regularises in their dwellings and work name. It was proposed to lay the grievsaces of the body before the legialtture by mesas of a petition, and faille, of a remedy, then to carry their complaint to the foot of the throne itself. Mr. ELLARD moved the first resolution, condemnatory of the sweating or middleman system, which he said was de @Untie* to the interests, the health, aid the morality nibs workmen engaged in the tailoring tries. Thomas& of victims had feellen a sacrifice to that system, and by wkcm was it premoted. and who were enriched by it ? Accord ing to the adcertisemens of certain hones in the trade, the Prince supported it—(shame)—the duke supported it, the nobility supported it, and the church supported it. (Shame.) There were the persons who supported it.. Then, who were the parties who were bewared by it ? hot the sweater or middleman himself—he wai wretched, degraded, and al most starved under this accursed system. Not the assistants, for these were scarcely able to obtain food, add were wholly unable to cover their nen bodies while they were working 16 to 18 hours a day to supply clothes to the world. (Rear.) Toe cheep advertising Wain, who had reared up their nine-like establishments in every town in the kingdom, and were now arrogating to themselves the whole of the tailoring trade, to the ruin net only of the workmen whoa they were grinding down to the verge of starvation, bat of the honourable and honest master who wished to pay his journeymen fairly. (Ch. ore.) The remedy fur this evil was union. The resolution he had to move wee to the effect: That this meeting deplores the widespread evils of desti tution, awry, end crime, engendered by the slop, sweatieg, end middleman system in the Mitering trade—a system which woo at the same time destructive to the interests of the unheroic, ruinous to the hone t trod. eman, and which, if n-it held is check, was calculated to coon y disease anti death amongst the highest end noblest Sandia. in the em pire. and ultimately to affect the well being of the commo dity at large. ' " . - Mr. J. GOODFELLOW seconded the resolution. He had beea employed by one of the advereising establishments referred to in • confidential position, and sad had to work eighteen hours a (ley fir frighteenpenci, or at the rate of on. penny per hoar. (Shame.) And even from that scanty pittance, ifs garment were taken Mare au hour or to later than the time filed, 15 per cent. was deducted in the way of • fine. (Shame.) Now the Marquis at West miaow was one of those who patronised tuat establish ment—(shame, shame)—so was Dr. F. rguson, of Hanover squire, who he believed was one of ter Majesty's house. hold. Now, were three distinguished pen-ne aware that the garments they thus °Veined were made up ir. filthy and miserable hovels nhich generally were the scenes of contagious diseases, and where the cholera, • ening the late Mountable visitation , was rife ? (Hear, hear.) Did Dr. Ferguson consider the danger of putting on a coat Irish from such places, and impregnated with the seeds of cholera, and going probably w:tb it no immediately t the palace, to attend upon her Majesty ? (Hear, hear.) The previous 'raker had said that the seater or middle man did not benefit by the system. That was an error • the Menus Nicoll, who were patronised by Pricer Albert— (cries of shame ")—gave their work out to • middleman— sot a tailor, but • Jew sponge seller, who rode in his carriage out of the 3,000 f. • year be by the system. They bad heard lately a great deal about Sabbath ere-king in the Post-olace, and some of those who wore the supp.rters of the beeves which adopted the midillearan states wee load in the e •n•lena - ation of the infringement of the disine law is regard to the SiSbath in that instance, rut let them go us any Sunday morning to the Tenter ground and they will be astonished to sea the amount of yolk given oat oa that day as the ptemises of the p non to wnom he Lad just al luded. The Messrs. Nicoll paid that parson 7..131. each for making coats—he gave these out toot .. rs at .se. each, but even these last were not the makers of the garments. The first midellemin, to secure himself against Ime, required • pecuniary deposit from the workp ople—the journey men who really did the work were in coon queue of the mime d° !ow rate at which they were paid, wholly seeable to provide this. Ti., molt was that another middle men was called in, who took the cents at ss. each, paling the journeymen only 3e. each coat, which was hardly sae- Meat to enable him to keep body and soul tog they. It wee now proposed that master tailors Audi be °mow:foil to have their work done oath( ir own itemises. Wr raing at home, besides its tendency to reduce wages, was destructive of all social comfort ; and as in coewqnence of the low rate of remuneration the women were compelled to work 18 to 18 Lane a day, as well as their husbands, the system. was most deterionticg to the rising g tion ; in feet, the genera tion which was now +Triaging up from this class of the corn inanity was an abortion. (Hear.) The resolution having been pat and carried. Mr. BRY ANT moved the meet resolution : _ _ Teat this meeting is cusvinetel that the only way of deal tog with an evil of such magnitude as the slop, sweating, and middleman system is by a taw making it compulsory on all empl ,yen to have their work done on their own premises, including government contract clothing. Formerly the journeymen tailors subscribei 6,0001. or 6,000 f. a year as a relief fund to meet cues of sickness or want of employment, but now, under the new sy.tar g , they were so reduced, that they could scarcely obtain food even wben in full work, they were connollcd to inh a bit hovels unfit for howl's dwellings, and had not sufficient clothes to enable them to eppear in the streets by daylight. (Hear.) The dearaiabe.o, -nine ry, and went entailed upon the workmen by this system wes the fruitful parent of crime, and added materially to the county rates and the poor rates. Mr. TALBOT, in seconding the motion, expressed his eonvictica that the system would, if continued, mimeo all the joumtymen to the condition of paupers or criminals. Mr C. 600DFELLOW, a journeymen, sly ke at some length in support of the resolution. denouncing the sweating system with great vehemence, and charging steer.] muters by name with prsetisiner it —ansonrt others a Mr. Berdoe, who, being present, refuted the charge, and deelared that he gad oast given any work to he done out of his ewn premises but waistcoats (which were usually made out of doors), except once (when he paid more than w.ss asked), and he tem would give out any more. (Bear hear.) He should be glad to glee all the avistanee in his power to the journeymen in their present object, and he hoped soon to see the time when every man would be enabled to earn 30s. a week at the least. _ The evolution was tarried, cm was also a %rat of petition to parlistnent embodying the views of the anteing, which it wee rewired should be entrusted to the Duke of Csiubride to present to the Lords, and to Lord Ashley to present to the C cameos. A vote of thanks to Mr. A. Mayhew, the special corn. P. pendent of the Morning Chronicle, throwed, and, after the usual acimmledement to the chairman of the evening. the meeting separated. THE COMMIASIONERS OP THE NAIIOSAL DEDT AND SAVINGS BANKS.—Ihe Commissioners for the It doe- ti oof the National Debt have recently (in es nsequencei;l the leasable disclosures at the Rochdale Savings Bank) ceased a circriar to be lorwaried to veiny laminas bank in the tithed Kingdom calling the attention of the trustees and managers to the Is3rd clause of the Savings Bak Act (the 71h & bib of Victoria), and also to the 28. h ride in the itspaiitora' books, by which all depositors are enjoined to leave their seeonnt bsoks at the respective backs for caparison with the bank ledgers, and requesting the: cure publicity to this effect may be given to the depositor' by advertisements or otherwise. Since the discovery of the serious defalcations at itoc•di al:, mousy. (hut not to near so large an amount) have been diecovi red to have been asappropristed in three otber similar establisha nts, viz., 'at Ayltibury, 8 . . Helen's (frincashire ), and at Scurboreugh. independent audit ol the wrietest and must searching kind," a recommended by the Hon. Colonel Phipps, on behalf of his Royal Highness Prince Albut to Mr. Boodle, the secretary of the Probident institution, St. Martin's-lane (of which his Royal HiAneve is president), would go a very greet way with all depositors in "seem banks in Ailing that anxiety and clam which hats neatly been so naturally created. THE FEENCII HAVE A CORN LAW, With II sliding sale o• the model of our old one, but more moderate in its range. It ie worth while, therefore, to compare the pries cf seen i• Frame, where pruteetiun is mill rstaihed, with the pria In Britain, whore it Is abolished. And the Jownal des Wats supplies us with the n. eessary diva, in au article which appears in the Times of Monday. " The proof that free trade is not the nose of the present low pries in Eng land," says the ()Avis. this —that the fall was as great, nay, greater ti.an tut England, in those st .tes of the elm tirent or Europe where the corn lews underwent so el:eration whAtoror. France is a striking es maple cf this Is t. li re, in Paris. we find the hectolitre of corn at 131., instead of at 20(., the average prim ; and not • Easter _has been laid on our eue•nm.houte diatom." an peal to lid, tbs imps: quarter. The price of protected wheat Is Faris is tnereture 10r. Id. below the last weekly average of team tested wheat an Britain, which by Friday's Onsette, was 40e. If we tike the prerwilotal r,duction, the ceaparisea is still safavourablo to the French agriculturist. Os an aircrews ot 20 years, the prise of II kcal in France has ban f..und to he 20 francs the hectolitre, tr 4i.. ins quarter. lite culvert price is, therefne, 3i per cent. sada r the eve• rage. Is Britain the price taloned as the avenge under the sliding scale was 665., and the current pries is, there live, only 30 per sent. below it. &Bowed in tither wsy, tie protected agriculturist of Fracas is worse of ttaa the uni.r.t.cted egricultutist ut Brituirs.—haelseters. THE MANUFACTURING DISTRICTS. COTTON CULTIVATION IN INDIA., MANCINI:I7IM, JAN. 17. The meetiog of the Chamber of Comment, to-day, to emaider me important questim of • =ore siertaim mud steady =ply of cotton as a means of sustaining the iadestry of great ccutmunity, was moors numerous, sad of • more lufluential character, than say similar umillig we ham had of this body slam the memorable year is which its discumloas gam nth as impish@ to the mailroom law movesarat. Aerialist the putlesion pressat were Jobs Bright, Esq., M.P. tor Ilscobrisior ; the Bight Hos. T. M. Gibson. at. other member for this borough; Jams Kershaw, Eci., M.P. for Stockport; Alexander Hoary, Esq., M.P., mid William Broom, Esq., M.P. for South Lancashire ; Janes Pilkingtoo, M.P. for Blackburn : Mr. Eiggiabottemi, Mayor of Aabtom ; Mr. halts Schwabe, Mr. Geary Ashworth, Mr. Lewis Williams, and Mr. William Brokhast. THo*U BAZLET, Esq., President of the Chamber, in ageing tie proceedings, said from the establistment of the chamber the qundea of an adequate supply of sotto& had always bees looked spot se of vital importances. It wee • SOWN of regret that we were dandling for oar supply of cotton on one sin gle mine. They did not wish to reciprocate the unfriendly fealiag whisk some parties is the United States had SSW. fisted WSW& the industry of this district, and were willing to acknowledge the advaategn, they derived from the planters of the south of America. All that was wished was to ante • more (*nolo and steady supply of the raw mate rial, on whin the industry of this distract depended ; and it was believed that the colones of this country were able to supply the means were the proper vier • taken to encourage their efforts. The question was, why it happened that there ores • retarding of the cultivation of cdton in India, paneled of such a vac tract of country and a climate so suitable to the growth of cotton ? The supply of cotton from the United States in 1820 was 90 asitlions ot pounds : last year it was 850 From the Rest Indies we received, is 1820, 2l millions of posed': to last year the increase was but 65 million of pounds. There must be some miens why we did not receive more cotton from India and it was de sirable we should be put la possessiois of those reams. It was in panic of that object among others they were now usevabled, and he would call upon the secretary to read the resolutions about to be submitted to the meeting in pur suance of it. Mr. T. BOOTIIMAN, Jun., then road the following rue lotions 1. That the fact of the continued deptodence of the great industry of this district for the supply of its raw materiel, mainly from a single source, Gals for the serious considers. non of all who are interested in the security and prosperity of the cotton teed.. 2. That notwithstanding the many proofs that the climate and Pod of large portions of British India are well suited to the growth of cotton, and the many and costly experiments mad* by the East India Company to promote its growth within the territories subjected to their rule, this chamber is reluctantly c. mottled to believe that up to tbis time no sentible progress has been made towa►ds procuring for the manufacturers of the ;maw:. kingdom a supply of cotton tho produce of British India, and that proof is altogether want ing to show that the eikrts hitherto made by the East India Company have resulted in any increase In the production of cotton in India. 3. That thil chamber is lcd to believe that the economical condition of many parts of India is unfavourable to thy extension and permanence of that Industry, without which lug, and steady exports of cotton to this country cannot reasonably be looked for, and that it is essential to the security ■od well-being both of India and of the cotton trade of En. land, that a scorching investigation be insti tuted into the causes which have so lung befflzd the efforts which have bun made to stimulate the growth of cotton in India. 4. That this chamber, contemplating the early expiration of the Rut India Company's charter, is of opinion that a special commission of inquiry should be sent forthwith to India to examine into the condition of the country, especially within the presidencies of Bombay and Madras, with a view to ascertain whet are the obstacles to the growth of cotton and to the extension and permanence of a srofitable industry in the cultivation of the soil ; and the chamber is also of opt. nion that the report of such a commission would furnish in. valuable inform-tion to the leuislature and the publie Wore the consideration of the future government of India is again brought before parliament. 6. That the direct , ou of the chamber be requested to pre pare a petition for prtsensation to the House of Commons, and a memorial to Lord John Russell, urging the appoint ment of such a commission of inquiry, end to take such step as to them may seem desirable to obtain the co-opera tion of all parties cir.cera/ d in the cotton trade, in the pro motion of this important object. Mr. H. ASH WORTH, in moving the adoption of these reaulutioic, said he wished it to be understood that this was nst merely a manufac•urer's but a consumer's question. He pointed to the preference almost universally given to carton over linen fabrics, not only on account et cheapness but of warmth. Again, its union with woollen in Bradford manu factures was not only a means of econcmy but of producing a a Mar and more agreeable article of wear. It was also used even in woollen cloths fur trowstre, and in carpeting, and as a means of supplying materiel for the bindine of becks. It was of great importance on account of economy. He said this was especially a working man's question on account of f emooiy, and on neccuat of the employment it afforded. Mr. LEWIS WILLIAMS, the 'Vice-.President oi the Chamber, seconned the resolutions. Mr. BRIGHT, dun rose to support the motion, and said: Mr. Cbdirinan, I express my very cordi►l approbation of the resolutions which have been read by the se crnery, and which have been moved and seconded ; fur I think if wc look back to our past proceedings with regard to this ques• tion, we shall come to the conclusion that there is no other course open for us n aw than either to give up the expectation of having cotton from India, or to take the line which is in dicated by these resolutions. Now we appear to be bringing this matter into rather a narrower compass than we have done in times put; fer we don't require to meet for the purpose of dircumung emongst oure.lves, or of urging upon the public or the government the necessity of hiving a better supply of cotton than we have had hitherto ; for the cape. rent* of 1847, when the scarcity was real, and the cape ' rience of the present time, wt en scarcity, if not real, is ai least menaced, and we are suffering the consequences which arise only 'rum a real scarcity—l ►ay that the experience of that year c nd of this is euthenist to show us all how much our interests—personal, and, as cainected with the interests . . of this district, and of course to a large extent the interests ot the country—are bound up in the greet question. Now that ptintbeingsettled, there is another which I think we have s right to consider as settled, that is, whether India can, under any circulastanen, produce cotton which can be s - id in this market, to compete with the cotton of the United States. (Hear, hear) There are persons who, I believe, think this cannot be done. I know ons or two sufficiently intelligent men, interested in its being dune, who believe it cannot In done from a variety of circum stances. I must say lem not of that opinion. For, from aewunts which we have from pawns who have ban a long time In India, whose veracity and disinterwtedness cannot in any degree be doubted, and by all the rules of evidence, we are bound to eta amine into the case. India can grow cott and cotton that will suit the manufacturers of this country, and eta reasonable and moderate price. (Hear, bear.) The East India Company are clearly of this opinion, because for thirty tears back, at lea. t, they have been, in one shape or another, prolesaing to bo pr pared to go on growing cotton for the supply of English manufacturers. We had a book published by them in 1836 containing a vast amount of correspondence, which I at one time laboriously waded through, and found that in that correspondence there is an universal admission by all par ties connected with the India Company that the cotton con be supplied. We hada parliamentary committee, to which our president has referred, of which I. was a member. That committee took the evidence of a great number of persons who had been many years in India—has been collectors and government office n, and engineers, and judges, end so forth, in the very districts from which this cotton should c .fte, and their evidence, with no diesent whatever on the part of any one of them, got sto show that there is abundance of meats offered as regards soil, and climate, r nit pepulatioe, for the production of a very large supply of cotton from that country. If we want flutter evidence, India appears to Dave been the country from witch cotton came for the supply of the rest ot the world ; from that country came the knowledge of tho existence of the article itself. In all halt times India has grown a qoantity of cotton, perhaps exceeding that grown in all other parts of the world, and it has been made into a material so fine that the most perfect machinery of this country altogether fails to apo.nach. And not only is India done this in peat times, but it dues a large ',onion of it now; because at this moment the people of India con sume cotton in a larger proportion perhaps than they con sume anything else, foe nit only is their clothing, but their bending, their saddles—in fact there is ic deely a 'bugle thing they use which can be made out of at.) textile fabric which is lint made univer.ally over the wl.ole coun ry, of cotton. (Heir, hear.) Well, then I come to the con elusion that we may go upon thin ascert ained fact that In ! a can grow cotton. It is because there are some obstacles in the way, and which are removable, that is noes nut supply us with that cotton. We don't mean to say the Co,. pan, do not wi-h it to be pruduced ; I believe they do wish it, and sincerely wish it; bet they wish it to be produced along with some pi cal ar itin in their stress of finance and revenue, which make it imp imAle that it can be produced. (Hear, Lear.) The East India Co ..parry, as I have said many time• b. fore, is much more a mill nry government than a civil govern ment; it has Ice:. inflatelt more successful in fichting than cultivating the ground. Sir James Hogg, the late chairmen of the East India Company, tad ate more than onea thy bad spent more than 100.00 W. in experiments whicti they have made in cultivating cotton, some of which the president and Mr. Ashworth have refered to. They have spent Via pertly in sendit g these American planters, pail') in model farms, partly in sendina out Baba. aerie', and a vast dial of it in in• eatigations or reports, but so far as we have yet heard, the whole o their experi meats and proceediegs have been a total failure, so tar as regards producing any supply of neon valuable for our wants ie concereed. Now, I farms, or that sent:ing ow hand gins would do much soud. Supposing we were not talk.ng about India bw of Ireland; end we proposed to establish a model sent at Co naught : the land on that farm would be well cultivated, and some amount of ben• finial iefloence wood fns (wended to the districts around; or suppose we wisheel to give morals to the farmers in Ireland, as an encouragement to industry—it is not to be supposed that model farms and THE EXPREP, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 18, 1850. medals, sad patting cold balk by tbe sermament, can overtime every error whisk has crept late the ger transmit ed the outstay. (User bur.) I maintain that It it idle far as le suppose that is Imilathase asessres of purism, ass *vises the evils of Mt tics, se lug es the biasses these mama enseekett il i; wry killing and inappreciabb silty, ss compered with the sammons amount et influence whisk serials other cirunsitause, to whisk I toed to refer, must and do aureately ozonise our the industry of the people of India. (Hear, beer.) Now, we must not sup pose that ladle is peopled by natives end @a ngel. Nothing ma be mere absurd and ignorant than suppme that this--a eountry that lass bees highly. "ionised kr centuries, in • stets of civilised= superior to this, probably, at eau lime; • souatry whose wealth we have usenet. of the meet marvellous obareeter (so that we have sees to look spot many of thus so fabuloes)—is in habited by a people who ars mirages. Ungnestioaably the plapie ladk us sot an idle people. I saw la London the ether day a plus of sloth the shape of a surf, what we all Meth of gold, wove, with silk sad gold thread, in a pastern of the most elegant dales, the workmanship of whisk was sub as to mewed anytkieg I have ever seen ma nuhstared in this country. No doubt the system ef ;easte in India is very mush opposed to in. dinky, but to say that • whole people --mind not the people of a small provisos or • kingdom, but of • sembiaalles of provinose or kingdoms (nearly a hundred mrllsus of people), are all in this abject poverty of mmillian we nearly so, and to ray that it does not arise lima some fundamental and wide spread error, with the possession and tenure of land, or of fefin ancial Mwa to revima• circumstances, is to say that which neither this chamber nor the legislature of the country will believe. (Hear, hear.) The witnesses' nearly all said something about this matter. Mr. Saville Marriott, who was 33 years ia India and who was a judge in the revenue de partment, says that the oondkioa of the cultivators of the soil was declining when he was there, and was certainly declining from 1807 to 1842. He judges that they ere so from their per sonal appearance and the fact that they were obliged to sell personal ornaments and other valuable.. Mr. ()there., who was another edthe witnesses examined by the committee, and who bed been in India—in Ouserat—in 1828, as an overseer collector, and returnee. in 1840, says that he saw no appe ir sus of any improvement or progress. He says : " Gene rally speaking, I am Gorey to say, I did not ; some places that used to be covered with jungle were cultivated, but altogether it !appeared to me that the wealthy inhabitants bad fallen off." And on 'tuning over the book I Sod, from nearly every witness's language, cases as strong, and in some cases even stronger than this with regard to the condition of the population. Now, we will just look for a 'moment to what seems likely to be the cause of this state of things. In India, government is landlord; the population of India are, with how exceptions, cultivators of the soil—of course all those who do not live in towns. Toe defence of this system put forward by the Company (in the sometime it came tram Mr. Mangles, one of the directors) is this. Mr. Mangles says that is this country we have to pay both rent to the ltudloid and taxes to the state. In India they have nothing to pay bat the rent, which becomes a tax to the state ; and that, therefore, they are saved one of these payments, and that it is in fi nitely better, supposing the kingdom to take possession of any country, that the land should belong to government, and rent be given to defray the expenses of the state. Able men have said something in favour of this, and if that was simply the state of the cue, end there was only one payment to nuke instead of two, there can be no doubt whatever it would be an advantage. But if we come to consider the objections to um you will Sad —I have persuaded myself of it long ago—that all the argu ments in favour of tkat system are a heap of abourditias, when you come to consider how far that system actually applies to the condition of the people. The object one an these: that first of all there being one universal tandlessi over in the country, and this landlord, all p.iwerful, having all the military logos and the law at his back, he has no inducement to perform say eagle duty which • landlord is expected to perform. He never has any competition to keep down hit tent. Now, h. re. if you go to take • farm, and a man asks 1001. for it, and another man only asks 901. for a farm equal to it, the mu petition between landlords prevents the rent rising too high, in the same way al the competition between tenants prevent it coming too low. But in India, when there is only one Landlord, he has all the power, and makes his own terms ; he fixes what rent he chooses, and takes to hinself the powers of the law ; a moderate force would enable him to collect his rent, and there is not one single atom of the arrangements between landlord sad tenant tor improving and making use of improvements, that is not in favour of the landlord, the government, without one in favour of the tenant. (Hear.) Now, the lard is not free in say degree whatever. Throughout India it cannot be sold—you cannot buy the lee of it and become aboolu's pos sessor of it, u you can in this country; and the result, there is no middle class, no capitalist class. Tee whole of the original aristocracy and pro prietary classes have been swept sway, sod there is nothing but this great, powerful government, which throws its baneful shadow over all parts of the country, sect prostrates the elegies from whom it extracts its income, wringing from them every teething of rent that c,n be ob tained. (Applause.) I spoke not long ego to a most intelli gent genti:man from that country—(and a more intelligent man I be country tie said, in Agra or Delhi, or any of the large cities of India, if I asked any person who might suppose me to be a native of the country, in common conversation, his opinion with regard to the goy. foment of the country by the Company—everybody's opinion who is disinterested, who is not paid L 7 them, and cue speak his mind—everybody's opinion is against the government of the Company. lie recom mended that • commission should be sent out to India similar to that sent out by Sir Rtbert Peel to Ireland under Lord Dev-11, a most fortunate eircumstan e for Ireland, for though no great benefit to Ireland bad at cruet as yet, he doubted not the facts it had dLelosed would some day term the groundwork of most bent ficial measurer. ' It was no intoned to Lord John Russell that India shou:d be ' badly governed, aff as this inquiry was to form the ground. ; walk of future legislation, his lordship could have no object in opposing it. It was for that reason he supported the pre ' sent resolution. The hon. member resumed his seat amidst loud cheers. Mr. MILNER GIBSON, who was received with loud ap plause, said : At this hour, knowing that the time is nearly • II for the termination of this ineting, 1 will not tree par upon your attention at any length. I rise principally-, on my own part, to express my cordial approbation of the proposal emhod . ed in wee of the resolutions, to the effect that a commission of inquiry should be seat to India, wi h • view of collecting and supplying to parliament end the country that information which it is so emential should be tit , ore the legislatura previous to the diseuesion of that important ques tion, the renewal of the R In di a Company's charter. It appears to me moat rational that such a course shout' be adopted. (Hear.) With regard to toe possibility of a sup ply of cotton Mom India, suitable for British manufacturers, I, with others, feel that there is • peat deficiency; of infor mation, although I have dipped into that Blue Book which my hon. colleague was instrumental in obtaining, and to whom the country is much iudebted for his exertions on this subject. (Hear.) The question of an ezelargement of the held of supply of cotton is one which does not merely sheet the trade of • district, er which can be said to ho of mere local or par tial intent; it is of broad and vital national im portance. (Hear.) Looking to the great amount of latour employed in the cotton manufacture, 1 tokiag to the large proportion which the export of cotton manufactures boars to our whole exports, it as impossible to contenaLlate even a temporary interruption to the supply of raw cotton without feelings of great anxiety. I must confilm the views taken by my hen. colleague, that the evidenco of the witnesses taken before the c tumittee goes to show, in the main, that the fiscal system of the But Indie Company in Bombay and Madras is the cause why the growth of cot ton in India for exportation to this market is sot a profit able pursuit. The amuuut of the land tax is so great that it does not leave a remuneration to the cultivator. I do not believe that British connexion with India cannot coexist with amelioration of tale contition of the cultivators of the soil, sod improvement in the materiel and social interests of the great masses of th • Indian population. (Hear, hear.) When the motion is submitted to parliament for the appointment of a commission of inquiry. should such • course be adopted, I call have great pleasure in supporting it by ell means in my power. Was. BaoWN, Eat , and Jayne KERSHAW, Esq., M.P., supported the motion, and It wan auotnad uuanimoualy. THE FORGERIES ON TOE MONMOUTIISIIIRE BANK. —Beery New, horse-dealer, of Ledbery, one or the parties proved to have uttered the forged nobs at Monmouth, has been apprett.ntled in Birmingham by police.supertntendent Shea!, of Ledbury, and has been taken to Monmouth,where he bra undergone an examination. Toe forged notes on Nesters. itaPey and Co.'s bank, already aLc)vered to have bin issued, am mat to over 1,4001. ESCAPE OF A MURDERER FROM A LUNATIC ASTLVIC—During the whole of the present week there km been a pnlice-oftleer from L.neaster in this town in quest of &criminal lunatic, named Joseph Green, who on Sunday lest contrived to effect his escape from the County Lunatic Asylum at Lancaster, and has not since been heard of. Mn,L of our readies will, no d übt, r collect the murder width led to Green's incarmration, as it was committed in Manchester come thirteen or fourteen years ago. At the time cf its comm'arion, Green, who we. then working as a factory operative, lived In Foctory-eourt, Bleklers•reet, Shadebel ; and, sueveting that his wile had formed a ai minal intimacy with a sawyer, he got up early one morning, se if gong to his work, and, as his nib lay sleeping in bed, cut her throat with a razor, and nearly severe d h er h ea d from hi r body. At the next ensuing assizes he was tried for the murder, when the avid nee of his guilt was most conclusive, but as it was proved that be had pre viously sew—Wed som • injury on his heed, which at times induced symptoms or insanity, the jury found a verdict of gaily usx!er inssnity. In eonsequ. ace of this verdict the sentence upon Green wss that he should he imprisoned dur ing the pies -are of the crown, and he was accordingly incar cerated at Kirk•lale Whilst there he kptas• it of diary or log book, In the pegs of which he recorded several charges against the governor, the result of which was the erase of a great deal of unpleasantness, which led to his rmiival to the L tnceshiro Asylum. There his good conduct obtained him many indulgences, and being of an ingenious turn, he was furnished with a box of tools, and allowed to make many little articles, such as ledi,s Rork loses, which he meld to pries visiting the as)larn. Recently, his confine d orderly behaviour led to stiff farther kindness on the part of the governor, and ho was ell bat soloed to go at lanes about the grounds, and on Smoky last, as we have above stated, he bade a final farewell to the plate. A. reward is offered for his apprehension.—Manchesfer COW ter. BERVIAN POLITIC& be influenced now by momentary pique, or personal considerations. When Russia thinks that events are ripe, and the moment mcst propitious, no cane man can doubt that she will no more wants cause of quarrel than the wolf in the fable, bent on devouring the lamb. A belief, on which we will not hazard an opinion, is universally prevalent on the other side of the Danube, that this moment is not further remote than the ensuing apriog. There is perhaps only the Emperor NICROLAM himself who can solve this question, if, indeed, with him, it do not depend on the reception given to hi, proposal for the loan to which we have already called the at tention of the reader. Whether, however, the danger threatening the Porte be chronic, or imminent and deadly, we would remind it that, after 8:If-exertion, its best reliance is on the public sympathies of Eng land, no loudly elicited on a recent occasion in its favour, and that before it forfeits there by discredita ble concession it aimed test and be guided by the temperature of opinion at its source, rather than when Ichilled through the refrigerating channel of cffiAal and diplomatic communication. trim the Doag N...) We have before had occasion to remark, that on the politics of Turkish Berrie hinged to a great extent the future integrity of the Porte. Berns, in fact, has justly been described by those most conver sant with the affairs of the East as the cleft in which the wedge is being driven—the wedge intended, if not destined, eventually to split the Ottoman empire into fragments. A few days back we pointed out that the fiervian population, anxious to pursue an independent line of policy, we. until recently hesi tating whether it could venture to resin, or should follow in the wake of an irresistible ascendancy. We endeavoured to show how the aucces,ful aggression of Russia in Hungary, and the arrogant demand of extradition by the Cur, were on the point of having brume a determining sign in the choice of Servian politicians, when the unexpected attitude assumed by Turkey (consequent upon our demonstrations of support) probably averted, in the Christian provinces, convulsions equally calamitous to the Ottoman Empire and thenueores. The refusal of the Porte to accede to this insolent dolma, and the arrival of our fleet, rendered it *- phis that Turkey was not quite abandoned by the West, as the Russian agents with which Turkey swarms perseveringly endeavour to impose the belief amongst its Christian population. Undeceived in this particular they became le,a anxious to identify their future, with that of a power, whore oppressive character they begin to understand and dread. Our correspondence from Belgrade has from time to time pointed out how the Russian consul-general was, about this period, expelled from the dwelling of PETRONOVITCII, the prime minister, previously his abject °feature ; bow the Berrien determined upon opening a road to the Adriatic by the mouths of Cotten), so as no longer to be dependent in their trade cie Russia or Austria, and how the Servian ministry was actually proposing to clothe the Servian troops with British cloth, instead of resorting to the inferior' and more costly products of the Austnau looms. The ill-judged compliance of the Porto in permit ting the expulsion of those Polish refugees who had served in the Hungarian war, and in conceding the detention of Kossuru and the Hungarian., have exercised an influence as decided and as prompt upon the policy of the Danubian provinces. It has just come to our knowledge that Servia, which was so obviously labouring to extricate itself from Russian influence, has visibly relapsed on receipt of this in telligence. We learn that SIMICH, who was re cently stigmatised by PETRONOVITCII himself as the most thoroughgoing of the tools of Russia, has been appointed Minister of Justice, and that the reigning Prince of Berns has signed a declaration pledging himself not to permit any Servian to be in future sent beyond the frontier to be educated unless in the Rus sian empire. In extenuation of the conduct of the Porte, in its compact with the Austrian and Russian cabinets, and in condemnation of our shale in this transaction, we must not forget that the representatives of France and England are parties to the injurious and dis honourable stipulations which make gratuitous sur render of all the moral ascendancy, which the Sul tan's government had been able legitimately to resume. We will not pause to examine here in how tar this decision may have been influenced by per sonal considerations, or by the dread entertained at the Elysee Bourbon of illustrious exiles, possibly claiming hospitality, inconvenient to atf)rd and disgraceful to deny. The responsibility of the ill timed compliance must rest chiefly with the representatives or cabinets of France and England, whose share in enuring it may be deduced from the fact that in key has, in pint of fact, 3 ielded more to Austria than to Russ a. Whilst acceding to the detention of KossuTu and his companions, the Porte, we have reason to believe, is firm in its refusal to expel the Poles settled in Turkey previous to the Hungarian war, and in its resbrance to the preten sion set forth by Itu-sia that the Porte should, in direct violati , Al of the injunctions of the Koran, allow itself in future to be debarred the privilege cf giving sanctuary to political refuge s. It is to be hoped that. after having so impohtic,y complied, Turkey will Fere at in this denial with tirmness, and most with due support. If there was any political intent in the distinction made between the ea powers, its object will hardly be attained. Tree prestige of Austria can no more be revived into a substantial counterpoise than the dead raised up to life. In the estimation of the Christian popu lations of Turkey, Austria is held to have fallen so irretrievably and so low, that any point given up is universally considered a concession to Russian inter ference, not to her. MUSIC. THE IiADEIGAL SOCIETY. This society—one of the great( st, and probably the oldest musical association in Europe—held its one hundred and ninth anniversary meeting yeatet day in Freemasons' Hall. In the absence of Lord Saltoun, the President of the society, the chair was filled by Major Oliphant, one of its mcst distinguished mem bers. The company was numerous, comprising many mus:cians eminent in various branches of trio art; and the meeting was graced by the presence of a brilliant assemblage of ladies, a novelty introduced only last year. Faicb part of the pi dormer c•i, as usual, commenced with a sacred composition. The first wee a psalm by Thomas Forde, a piece of rich and solemn harmony; the monad was a hymn by Palestrina, one of thaw/ sublime efforts of germs which Lee gained for him the title of the faller of sacred music. The s.cul..r portion of the sel,ction —probably in consideration of the fair portion of the audience—was of a remark tbly light and elegant character, and abundantly coofuted the igno rant opinion that melody, grace, and the hippy ex pression of poetical thoughts, are peculiar to modern music. Any one who heard last night the " the bright sun" of Wiliiam Byrde, the " Sigh not, fond shepherd" of Giovanni Ferretti, the " When April deck'd in roses gay" of Luca Murenzio, and the " Flora gave me fairest flowers "of John Wil bye—if he ever entertained su...h a notion, must have renounced it for ever. The London Madr;gil Society has the great merit of having kept alive those wonderful works of the great Italian and ErgFah matters of the I,xteenth century, which would otherwi s e have taken into user oblivion. There was a time when thc kro-x -ledge of those prec ous works literally thd net extend beyend the w:Ila within which •he society hell its meetings; bat the healthy impuiss now given !o the national taste is spreading them throu;h all parts of the kingdom, and the time may come when Englatd shall restore to Italy the los'. treasures of Italian art, of which Italy herfelf dots cot now even im:Aine the existence. EXHIBITIO-VS. COLOSSEUM. This gigantic f ath new attr,c- Vons. Tne public interest manifested in the fate of Sir J. Franklin bas induced the production of a arere in the Polar regions; which, though on a aca:e, is highly effective. The icy monotony of the land scape is relieved by E,quimsut halting t 3 re. t the reindeer which have been drawing them over the slippery tract in a a!edge, polar bears, a wolf-dog, and other indigercus animals, skilful:y introduced and grouped. Ihe sky displays the beautiful evening tints peculiar to thou latitudes white N e distant bibs nre tipped with a scarlet lute, reflected from abive. This tab;euti will ;ire many a spectator a more cheerful notion cf these inhospitable regions than they have been cectigomcd to associate with them. In pleasing contrast to this is • pienre giving a vivid notion of Chinese river life. It is a view of Tchin-shan,or the G Jlden Island, which rig• gout of tha Yaog-tse-kiang,the grandest stream efthewho:e East ern hemisphere. bustle of this seer.: presents a contrast to the comparative solitude of that we have I just notictd. Life in every form of activity is here seen. In the foreground is an imperial mes senger halting to be ferried across the water; beat ' men, mandarin!, hawkers, crowd the :here, a bile the rin•r is covered with boats of all mt., their crews in active employment. The island itself. with a splendid pagoda capping an eminence, adds mate rially to the gorgeous variety of the scone. Ttere is a third view, Netley Abbey, which also has its attractions. All there arc the produc•ion of NI Gars. Danson an Sot. Liv!:ly, there is a mcdA of a silver mine ; the miners in mo . loll, ant the different operations going en in a manner that gives a goad in sight into that sort of underground labour. We are aware that there exist widely different, and, as we hold, equally erroneous opinions respecting Turkey, amongst those on whom that couutry must rely for all substantial suFpart. the impression is prevalent amongst many of the meet enlighteetd peliticiaue, that the Turkish race is worn out or inatleqaate to the requirements of the age; that in office it is incurably cot rupt ; and that its rule and frith is in • condition of irretrievable decay. Happily, facts are far from warranting these coeclu tioes. 'that which in the Ottoman empire we are apt to mistake for the quietude of death, is nothing but the torpor of a stage of transformation. Unlike the Russian empire, whet e improvement skin-deep covers the deformitit a of a society which hu been described as rotten before it was mature—Turkey may of late years be consi dered u decidedly progressive. Its reforms, if partial and incomplete, have been at least practical and bta,,i fide. In Austria, as is Russia, cairuption has mute or less permeated and leavened the whole mass. Amongst the 'lurks for one venal rogue may be dis cerned ten rigidly upright and uncontaminated men. The Turkish race, brave, generous, tolerant, and sagacioes, Las still ineradicable hold in the involun tary respect of the motley races over which it pre sides, and its vitality is full of latent energies, which we impoliticly allow a foreign influence to repress. There is in England, with reference to Turkey, another school of political opinion which our Foreign Secretary is understood to share, or perhaps we should have said to lead. These gentlemen, whilst acknow ledging that Turkey has made real progress, ima gine that if by every possible compliance war can fora few years be avoided, the Porte will have gained sufficient strength to defy that encroaching neigh bour, whose existence is a coctinuous menace to its own. But though it be true that turkey in 1830 is very different in point of vigour from the Turkey of 1825, or even of 18W, nothing can be more errone ous than this passive reliance on the future. The finances are in good condition now, abuses have been undergoing a gradual course of reforms ion; and the Nisam, which a few years bark was contemptible, is willing, disciplined, and warliee. But it is a mistake to suppose that, under present circum-taecee, any further improsemeut will have taken place five years hence; whilst the causes to which attention has been called will have exercised a deteriorative if not fatal action to the enfeeblement or ruin of the em pile. The Nizam, for instance, wants only officering, but in five years there is r o prospect of its being more efficient than at present ; because, although the Turks have learned to recognise the superiority of European science, the compact we are sanctioning does not per mit them to avail themselves of the skill of Polish and Hugarian refugees, the only foreigners applicable to the purpose in whose sincerity they could rely. Tee reforms of the Sultan, intended to comprise in a com munity ef rights with the faiihful the rays and d'jhiaour, demand execution and extension. But this extension will be practically impeded by the fact that whilst Turkey is not al:o.eed to harbour any stranger who may give umbrage to herueighbears, the intrigues of Ruin Russia, carried on by innumerable I splits with impunity under the very eyes of the! authorities, alienate from all conciliation, and divert from their allegiance, the Christian populations which I it is proposed to rally. Them is, therefore, no one particular in which Turkey, notwithstanding copious elements of vitality and strength, will at any future pried be is a condition more efficient than at present : on the contrary, its Christian subjects will inevitably weaken or gradually dismember the empire by opposition and rebellion, unless the Porte be encourage to assume an attitude which may repudiate in the eyes of the Christian popula tions that tacit vassalage to Russia, of which the agents of the Czar inculcate the belief, and to which the impolitic concessions of the Porte give currency and colour. As to the personal character of the policy of the cabinet of St. Petersburg, which is alleged in palliation of the ignominious compliance to which the l'orte has been persuaded, nothing can be more absurd than to believe that a line of conduct followed systematically since the ieign of the first Peters will , RAILWAY MEE TLNG. BRISTOL AND EXETER. A specitl meeting, convened by circular, of shareholders in this undertaking resident in Bridgwater and its teiglas tiourhood, was held at the Publi: Booms in that torn, for the purp.lis of moosiderin; matters is conracsion with this intern', of the mispany. The chair was trken by .knnairas KINo, Esq.. who pre mnted to the meeting du following letter ism (emeriti Sulivan, of Sandhill-park "Sandbill.park, Taunton, Jan. 14. 19.;0.- Sir,—Being a considerable shareholder In the Bristol and Exeter Railway, and in conequence of the reports wnieh hare then in circa lotion as to the mismanagement of this lire, I think it hghly desirable that the arryieg ateou: is should in in restlgalied by a gentleman competent as en seasintant and siLlletl in railway accounts ; and I here there,ore to propose to the meeting that Mr. Hutton, the (IRMA assignee of Brieul, should be requested to undertoki such invest4ation and to prepire a lutiO report similar to that cf the South Devon, of which, lam sorry to say, I am a sbartbolder. Nothing but meat si Tern ilicese prevents my attending the meeting in person.—l have the honour to !se, &e., " Grottos JAMEd 81.1.1 VAN." The letter having been read, a ansveriation cussed epos the point rugeested in it wrong the shareholders pres:nt, most of whom concurred ia tt • propriety of having an in visti,tation. At lenath the following resolutions were adopted "This meet toss, concurring with General Sulivan to the detira 'trete of having a full invcatigati srs into the mattes complained of by tome of shat eh -Wen, hereby resolve the% in the opinion of this meeting, Thomas Rennie Hutton, 8.q., of Brawl, it a fit and competent paean to make such lusts tigation, and that he be r. quilted to tin tertake the same, and particularly to inquire lobs the slicing tariff and the rebates allowed thereon for carrying awl. entre. -ad other merchandise on the Bristol sett Exeter Railway, and to resort whether such tariff and rebate are or are not pre judi,tal to the company. Also to it.quire add report who !her the existing gems s in respect to the siding at Welt-Leigh ; and also in respect to the Wing near the canal at Taunton are bent tidal or not to the int. reins of the com pany, and generally to repot on .11 que.tit nil connected therewith, and to communicate the result of his investiga tion to the chairman of this meeting." . _ A general wish was esprosed ti at the director-te sh , uld facilitate the Übe= of Mr. Huttor, end the following was likewise adopted. " ltesoltred,—Twit the dircet.•rt be respectfully requested to furnirb Mr. Hutton with gar.% in formation, end to Ore him suck tocilitiis as he may requite tot the purposes of the inv.stigation. AMERICAN LUXURIES 'OR ENGLISH ETICCREs.— The lovers of good eating in merry old Reg! mil used, in former dap, to be dolorous in theta coneemohvion of the distance of American da:ntip, and to lock upon many of the juicy and will favoured viands d.rezibed by travellers u things interdicted. Wile turkeys, canvas back ducks, and geese redolent of gravy, provoked the appeite through the imagination; but it was something for the epicure to sigh over that he could not enjoy them without a voyage acmes the Atlantic. In these days of speedy transit, no such lengthened pilgrimage is necessary, tor, in cold weather, a Passage of lit le more than a week orings hither meat, kept in the chill air of an ice-house, not mole in p tr'ect condition, but rather improved by the y .yoge. Tt - e fir famed canvas back ducks of America there dainty bin's which brother Jonathan it went to de fy the world to equal, have not Neon uncommon of late on the tables of our norrehants We ourselves had the pleasure of dining upon a braes et them a week or two back, anti they were as sweet awl d licate as if just taken from their native I,,:oing ground.. We cm state, frAn xperient*, the* our Ameriesn Men ' s bay, not vaunte d the delicious qualities ef these t.rela without ample reason. A friend of ours recently bad on his table a fine goose which was purchased in the New York markt-, and brought hither by one of the steamers. It was as eh ea if recently killed, and cur friend, who boasts of hie pr. Rainey in the asstri•• noisily a s, deciand that Ile never parto. k of a gone al nu, I : t isane,. excel!, at. American v. ninon hns long beck haws on oar tables, but we have not yet braid of the wild:o6C having been carved on an English board. Pitliapsioesii If . our Mends in the United States will take Umbint.—Litor pool Tiwes. r • • • • • 11. •• ••• ;• *C. ,Z !.11 :ft Al