The Express. — London, England, 1860-12-26 00:00:00

STOLZN and BOX-1118-11ABS. TY wry Piglims tor 111111. MEM aid wink lIW 110SD4TIOZT. SECOND-HAND PIANOFORTES. CRAMER, =ALL sad Co. hams • bre sasorlysmat of Sevolut han.l Plamadoetas. hy the moat estsemesa maskers, at greatly reduced pleas—"At, Regent-street. S t l ze r.. 6. ./Z . LMES'S HALL RESTAURANT, EdgeaVstreet aw Piccadilly. Wleaa, Lam l m, de., tar Yu:am WWI OuMMess. WY. DONALD. Propelslsr. gte Oyisreogi. Idvertlermeata Iltaadtri for nrit;l7Yre - as - Leaden Malls Paper, most be at WI di" 10, Ilimayerbbalresk b Two 'West or the day dpalekellice. HATMAZZIT. Ten Vrimmo, MilttrioOPS 715CONQUIL Mr Boar stone Mina Fanny Stirling, Mrs, K IntswilKam.—And QUEEN LADYBIRD AND BEI CHILDREN ; or. Harlequin and a Hoene on Etre. Herr Cale, Theinalerrys, Mir F. Wright,Klis &Weaken PR I NCISISS. Tint Emmy), KRNEittiiit7 - 31saisra Cathcart and J. H. Kluge. Mias Heath, and Nitas C. Leetereq.—And KOBIKKOH CRUst)C nr. Hari...luta Friday, and The King of the u%ribbee Wands. Mom &paiota & Md. Dwallatre, Mr. A. Forrest . . RT. JANEWN. TRii LTLIIING, THE 1811 ciii7TEOPFZ. Yeah. A.Wiren an,l F.rner) Mrs Bnelringharn White.—And an extraravuna, en• tined EN DT MloN . or, the Naughty Bo) thatr'ried fortheMonn. Mn.e C.l•oung and Emery, Misses St.Caese,lierlrert, rt Romer. NIGH RATER AT LONDON BRIDOL TIIIII OLT —Morals& oh. "9m Artemis% St Um. To.aisszow—Moralog. 11k. LSAL . LONDON, WEDNESDAY, DSO. 26. Tic Bonn tribunal has just pronounced its judg ment in the cause of the eleven English residents of that town who protested against the intemperate language in which Moruza, the Deputy of the provincial Attorney-General, reflected upon the English nation when he was prosecuting Captain MacnoNAte for an alleged assault. The circum stances out of which the trial of 'MACDONALD arose have been often discussed, and we have no inten tion of returning to them, because, although the Attorney-General Amnon, who conducted this later prosecution, insisted on going into them, they have nothing to do with the charge against the authors of the protest. That charge was that they had reflected injuriously on Mot:ll.ra as a public functionary. In the eyes of the Prussian Government the sacredness of functionaryism, if we may for once be allowed the word, is only equalled by the horror with which it regards public criticism. The unnatural and pernicious power of the Prussian bureaucracy is a thing which most of us fancy we understand in England ; but we suspect that those who read the trial of Dr. Penar, the Rev. Mr. Amoutmos, and their co-defendants, will admit that they bad previously ❑o adequate conception of its extravagance. Let us see what has been the action of the Prussian Government since the trial of Captain bfAcnoNsi.n. The attack made on the English character by Moam.za was naturally felt keenly by the British residents in Bonn, who consulted together and agreed that it ought not to paw unno ticed. It was resolved to protest against the imputations which had been cast upon their nation, and in a day or two the following document appeared in the Bonn and Cologne papers : We, the undersigned Euglish inhabitenia of Bonn, beg $o protest against the amsertiou made by the Meats-Procu rator Moller, on Tuesday, the 17th inst., during the public matting of the police court, that " the EngliAh rending Rod travelling on the continent were notorious for the rudeness, impudence, And Idackguardiam of their conduct " (Antrim, swig, l'nverschamthini, and Luannelei). We may not have reached the height of retoement and roper (relies on which the Staata•Procurator sterols (we are but. Esclishmen), but we cannot uoderatand how a repreeeotau•e of the Prussian crown could be so farcarried away by his private feelings of hatred as to insult a whole nation to which the consort of the crown prince beloags. Our royal princess is "an Englishwoman residing on the continent ;" our Queen will soon be "an Englishwoman travelling on the continent." Must they, too, quietly allow themselves to be dragged out of a railway carriage by the railway servants, tilled "domes Volk and Plegel" by orthopedic physicians, or if (they defend themselves, be thrust into a dirty gaol for a week, and be then brought out to be told that they are " rude and impudent black guards" by the Attorney. General of the crown ? is the conduct of the many respectable English families who live in Bonn as peaceably as the feeling which the Btaata Procurator tries to rouse %mast them will allow, of such a kind as to deserve so noodled•for and cowardly an attack on the whole British nation'. What would be thought of en English Attorney-General of the crown who should stand up in court and denounce all the :arm= resident. iu London and Manchester as " rude and impudent blackout/sr J. S. M. Anderson, British Chaplain ; Walter C. Perry, P. J. H. &Ackley, E. Rapp, G. M. Cum. berhod, Major ; C. J. Oltlfield, lonel ; Mortimer Pery Drummond, Pram.. P. Washing. ton, G. C. E. Rochfort, George Williams, C. T . Thurston. While the English residents at Bonn were pre paring this protest, Mosttze's superiors, perceiv ing the compromising tendency of his speech, had ordered an inquiry into his conduct at MAC. I>oNALD's trial. in course, in such a process the English ought to have been heard as complainants. But while that inquiry, which has since ended in the reprimand of Murtha, was still pending, the subscribers of the foregoing protest were all included in • prosecution for libel. Our reader.' must not expect us to explain how it can be pre tended that there is anything libellous in that paper. It is for Englishmen one of the deep things of Prussian law, and they must make the best they can of it. Thu fact is that eleven of our countrymen have had to stand at the bar of • Prussian court and answer for • protest which they could not have omitted to make without proving themselves less than Englishmen. Fur what have the signers of the protest said? They brought forward the words of biomass, and denounced them as an insulting, cowardly, and uncalled-for attack on the whole British nation. They had the consideration to ascribe the violence of that person to private and not class or official fueling, and asked what Prussians would think if Germans were so tre►ted by an English crown lawyer. Of course the Attorney-General AwDQN could not allege that bloectios's language had been civil or necessary. Of course he did nut adopt the feeling which that language betrayed. It was impossible to juitify Moe-Lica. Every witness for the prosecution, the magistrates who gave evidence and even' Attorney-General ANNoN himself, bloettea's im mediate superior, gave him up. Then why bring this prosecution expressly on Alusturien account This is most periling to English common sense. The attempt of thu Prussian Arrosser- GLNIII AL to show either that his subordinate had not employed the words compl►ined of in the Pro test, or that they had not received • general appli cation, miserably failed, and may be dismissed towther with the piddling lexicography in which he also indulged, as below contempt. Our countrymen were not called to servant for traiegat. ing n word too strongly, or for differing with the IC I authorities as to the degree of rletui uess may re•.u rn uably be required in a ' , nom. In the eyes of the Prussian “ovenitueut ih. ‘‘.lh that, mccang thvir vountry ‘ilifit.4l, they Low.• rather to male a direct appeal to public t . - THE EXPRESS. WEDNESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 26, opinion than to leave the vindication of the English name to the Prussian bureaucracy. The ground which the defendants took was that as Momaza had made a public attack they were com pelled to make a public defence. This was the poisonous doctrine against which Attorney-General AMMON exerted his eloquence. Once admit that the acts of official persons may be publicly and freely canvassed by persons not in office, and the reigning system in Prussia falls to the ground. Of course the judgment of the Court was given against our countrymen. Attorney-General AM MON had the sagacity to see that he had too many defendants, and took advantage of the statement of seven of them that they had not been parties to the publication of the protest to ask their acquittal, while pressing for penalties against Dr. PERRY, the Rev. Mr. ANDERSON, Major CUMBERLAND, and Captain DRI7MMOND. If the telegraph has not misreported the result, the Court has imposed on Dr. PERRY a punishment much heavier than the public prosecutor suggested. According to the report of the trial in the Bonn Gazette, Attorney- General Amnon asked that Dr. PERRY might be con demned to 14 days' imprisonment, but, according to the telegram, his sentence is a fine of one hundred thalen, or in default five weeks' imprisonment, while his three companions, ANDERSON, DRUM MOND, and CUMBERLAND are severally sentenced to fines of twenty-five thalera, or nine days' m prisonment in default. It is not for Englishmen to regret this Bonn trial. Our countrymen have borne themselves with firmness and dignity, and have obtained all the honour which was to be won in such a field and against such opponents. It is for Prumians to reflect seriously on the figure they make in the world when they submit patiently to a system of government which reduces them to silence in the presence of their own servants. It is their battle which Mr. ANDERSON and Dr. PERRY have been fighting at Bonn. How can they expect conside ration abroad, how look for influence in Germany, while they are slaves of the men they pay to do their work 1 If the lesson of political manliness which has just been given to Prussians should be learnt to any appreciable extent, no Englishman, and least of all the English residents at Bonn, will regret this triaL Cbt Court. WINDSOR CASTLE, Dec. 25. The Duchess of Kent and the Prinoe and Princess of Leiningen visited her Majesty yesterday from Progmore. lu the evening the royal dinner party included the Prince of Wale; Primo Alfred, Princess Alice, Prince Login of Hew, Bares von Weeterweller, Lieutenant- Colocel Keppel, Major Cowell, R.E., and Major-General the Hog. R. sad lira. Bruce, who arrived from Oxford in the aftersoos. TM band of tlas Soots Fusilier Guards played during dinner the Overton, "Macbeth" Vase, n Drain of the Rove Burckbordt. nebeellett. "Marsh^ Quadrille. "Campbells are ecoir • Junk& lloloction, "Robes 'loud" Maefarrea. Her Majesty's private hand afterwards performed is the drawing-room the _ - • - - Overtire. " DM Telmasekle Mew, •' bleadrir Terzetto. zoo- HandeL eurselinial The geese sad Priam Omega* tie Prue of Wales, Prism Alfred, Prises= Albs, Priam Arthur, Prince Leo pold, Primes Helean, PriBOIMB Ledge, and Prince Louis of Heise, the Maim sad pedestal of the court, and the domestic laseadmid sanded divine espies this moraing it the private chapel. 'The Hot. sad very Bee. the Dean of Windier performed the service end adcuinidered the holy sacrement. The Dueller of Kent and the Prince and Primer of Leinisies visited the Queen today, and took luncheon. COURT MOURN' NO. —LORDCHAII BERLAIN'74-OFTICE, Dir. 24.-- Orders for the uourt's going into mourning on Thursday next, the 27th instant., for her late Majesty the teDowager Desiree of Sweden and Norway, granilmo rl the reigning King : The ladies to wear black silk, fringed or plain linen, white gloves, necklace', and ear rings, black or white shoes, fans, and tippets. The gentle men to wear black full trimmed, fringed or plain linen, black swords sad buckles. The court to change the mourn ing on Thursday, the 10th of Jemmy next. The ladies to wear black silk or velvet, coloured ribbon', fans and tippeta, or plain white, or white and gold, or white and silver 'tuffs, with blade ribbons. The gentlemen to wear bleak costa, and black or plain white, or white and gold, or white and silver stuff waistcoats, full-trimmed, oolounod swords and hackles ; and on Thursday, the 17th of January next, the court to go out of mourning.-- Gazette. FOR EION-OTTICIF, Nov. 15.—The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint Frederick Janson, Fay., now British vice.cossul at Acapulco, to be her Majesty's consul at Tampico. —Gazette. FOR EIO Dr.c. 21.—Tbe Queen has been pleased to approved Mr. Henry Rhoden ma consul for the Port of Victoria and other ports of Vancouver's Island, for the King of the Hawaiian lolanda, and of Mr. Iligismund Cahlmann as consul in London for their Serene Highoenes the l'riuces of Schwaroburg Rudulstadt and of Schwa :burg Sondershaueen.—Gazette. The Duke and Duchess of Atholl have left the st. Georp's Hotel. The Earl of Yarborough, who is staying at Brighton, is stated to be in • weak state of health. His lordship has never wholly recovered from the alarming accident which he met with in his yacht, the Zoe, which foundered off the east coast about three years since. The Earl and Countens of Clarendon are enter taining a select circle at the Grove, Herta The Earl and Counters of Winehilsea and Lady Florence Paget have left the St. George's Hotel. Viscount and Viscountess Palmerston have a select circle assembled at Woodlands. Viecouut Valletert, M. P., has left Farrenee's Hotel for Mnant-Edgeumbe, Devon. The Times, in au article relating to the recent criticism of the Lord Chancellor upon Vice-Chancellor Wood, after expressing an opinion in favour of written judgments, says :—" Whether it is strictly within the pro vince of an appellate tribunal to criticise the practice of the court below in a matter of this kind, and whether it was good policy to select for animadversion, however respectful, the conduct of so eminent and experienced a judge as Vice- Chancellor Page Wood, it quite another question. Very possibly many gentlemen of the amity bar who have listened with admiration to luminous and comprehensive extempore judgments, touching upon every salient point in a ease that has oxupied two or three days, may feel e.g. grieved by the Chancellor's interference, especially as l in this instance the decree was confirmed in every par ticular. We would only remind them that whet may be an intellectual treat where the judge is a man of rare abilityand conmientiousneas, may become under other circumstances a tiresome waste of public time. Persuasion is no part of a judge's duty, and, while the theory of our law remains unchanged, he cannot be too careful not to anticipate objections, or to lay down principles broader than are necessary for hie purpose. The best judgments are often thew which are at first sight least instructive, giving the net result of a minute investigation, but leaving the possible exoeptions to the ingenuity of a profession who have never shown themeless unequal to the task." Nrw Act ro Amount' Frits ro Corosrses.—On Tuesday next a provision in a recent Act on eallaty Coroners (It and 24 Vic., chap. 115) will take effect, and In future they will be paid by salary instead of fees. On the 31st December instant all fees to county conmers will be abo lished, awl on the Ist January their salaries will be com menced. The sum is to be fixed by justices in elision on an average of the last five years, and in the event of the parties not agreeing as appeal r given to the Home Secre tary, and he is to determine the amount for mileage and allow:me, having retard to the number of inquests held in the lest tire years. After the lapse of every successive period of ties years the salaries may be revised by the 'us. tires and coroners, and the Imo are to be • or , diminished, and, in case of their d ' isagreement, • similar appisl is maven to the Secretary of Kt a te. B v th e same set the I..mt 'haerellor is empowered to remove • county nmmrt frr inability or miftlehm tour in him office. Further, thy a..t unmiqlel that the 1...11ing at elections fur coroner. is iiintione for woe day instead of two, as authorised by I former statutes. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE BOMBARDMENT OF GAETA. GAETA (via Itaeseelee), Dec. IL The bombardment of the city oontin;es with in creased vigour. The Spanish Ambassador has left his palace, on account of its being riddled with bullets. Two officers have been struck while standing near the King. New Sardinian batteries can be seen, evidently ready to take part in the bombardment. A deputation has arrived here from Calabria, and has promised to raise an insurrection in favour of the King. ITALY. NAPLES, Dic. 22. The news that the French squadron is about to quit Gaeta has caused a rise in the Neapolitan funds. A decree dated the 20th inst. calls out the classes of the last four years. These classes are to assemble at the end of February. ROME, Du. 22. Considerable quantities of provisions are being despatched to Gaeta. AUSTRIA. A letter from Vienna., dated the 22nd instant, says : The report that Count Hochberg is about to quit office is still current, but ths Minister-President is likely to remain at his post for some time to come, the Court being desirous to avoid the appearance of having yielded to the preemie of public opinion. It is possible that some change of circumstances may induce the Emperor to • corresponding change in his plans, but at present—as is credibly related—his Majesty is inclined to make M. von Schmerling President of the Cabinet as well as Minister of State. Should he do so, the integrity of the empire may be maintained, but if Count Hochberg should remain at the head of affairs, any efforts which M. von Schmerling may make to oonws to an understanding with the liberal party in Hungary must necessarily fail, as it has no coefidence in the sincerity of the Minister-President, who, but • few years ago, was hand and glove with Baron Bach, the doughty champion of absolutism and oentralimatice. It hardly admits of a doubt that Baron Hahne, will soon be Minister for Foreign Affairs, bat persons who h►ve known him long and intimately say that he is not very likely to improve the relations between this country and the other Powers. H. you Hubner bean the stigma of Jesuitism, and his enemies, whose name is legion, accuse him of having made • stepping stone of religion. The private accounts received from Hungary are exceed ngly unfavourable. No taxes are now paid, aa the persons who are inclined to discharge their obligations to the state cannot safely venture to do so. In Pressburg, a city that is almost within sight of Vienna, tobacco is publicly sold in the market place, which is just in front of the building occupied by the financial authorities. The peasants in the more remote districts of the kingdom are beginning to produce their long-hoarded Kossuth notes, which are bought by unprincipled speculators at the rate of 40 kraut:ars per florin. There is also • new kind of note in circulation, which is said to bear the signatures of Kossuth, Klapb, and Dualnit. Tbe anniversary of the birthday of the Empress Eliza beth will be celebrated here to the 24th inst. Her Majesty is 24 yam of age. If I say nothing relative to the proposed male or cession of Vomits, it is because it is known to me that nothing but brute force tea induce the Austrian government to quit the Quadrilatend. THE BOMBAY AND ILLIIRITIIIS MAILS. 1901TrilAMPTONA Dec. 25. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam ship Mom, Captain Joy, with the heavy portion of the above mails, arrived at 1 p.m. Rho beings 34 passengers, 2 p.er res specie, value 3361., general merchandise, 682 and 2,309 balm raw silk, value upwards of 200,000/. sterling. The Ellora sailed from Alexandria on the 11th ; Malta, 15th ; and Gibraltar, the 20th inst. On the 14th, in lat. 35.15 N., lon. 18.20 E., spoke the Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Ceylon, standing S.K Same date, in company with the steamship Valetta, standing N.W. 20th, 4 deg. east of Tarifa, passed her Majesty's ship St Jean d'Acre ; and on the 22nd, lat. 43.50, don. 9.06, passed and exchanged signals with the link', with the outward Austra lian and China mails. Her Majesty's ship Firefly and 4yptian squadron were at Alexandria. At Malta, her Majesty's ships Victor Emmanuel, Orion, Melpomene, and Boxer. The Amphion arid Scyl la 1 were leaving for a cruise. At Gibraltar, bet Majesty s steam sloop Argus, gunboat Quail, and tug Red- The French barque Constance, of San Servan, has been wrecked off Cape Spartel. She was laden with coals. The master and crew, with the exception of one man, were saved. The Spanish steam transport SaitAntonio, from Mogadore and Algeciras, arrived at Cadiz on the 11th inst. The schooner Fairy, of Loudon, from Valenti*, with fruit, went ashore on the 18th to the eastward of Tarifa. The Adobe steam tug wu rent to her assistance by the Mutual Marine Insurance Association, and succeeded in getting her off. Being in an unmanageable state from want of rudder, she was lathed alongside the Adelia, and grounded at Tayside, Gibraltar, having no chains or anchors on board. It wee feared she had sustained considerable damage. Nearly the whole of her cargo waa disc The British barque Medium put into Gibraltar c l i:i a :C d l . 9th to repair damage sustained in collision on the 15th with the Oldenburg brig Marmuite (of Elluford). The French steam transport Yonne, from Toulon and Oran_ left Gibraltar on the 15th for Senegal. She had on board • number of marine artillerymen, and some Turcos (infantry), who are proceeding to that part of Africa for the purpose of forming the nucleus of • special native corps which is being organised. Accounts from Tangier are to the 16th inst. The late gales and heavy rains experienced there had caused consi derable damage to the holds in the neighbourhood. Trade was completely paralysed in consequence of the flooded state of the country. The sailing vessels lying in Tangier Bay for some time past, waiting for change of wind to pro- ceed to the westward, hail availed themselves of an easterly wind which had sprung up to leave for their destinations. Accounts from Granada state that in consequence of the melting of the snow in those mountains, and of the late very heavy rains the rivers Genii, Darro, and Dilar, had overflown, inundating several small towns and the city of Santa Ft. In the latter place several buildings bed fallen. Bread was extremely scarce there, as well as at Granada, in consequence of th e destruction o f mills and the scarcity of dour. At Tetuan the rains bad been so continuous and heavy that the fort La Estrella had to be abandoned in conse quence of the water reaching up to the waist of the men garrisoning it. The road from the Custom-house to the town was completely swamped. The Como de Alsdalsitia, of Malaga, gives accounts from the penal settlement of Melilla. Tranquillity reigned in that settlement, where the communication with the interior con tinued open. The Moors have not annoyed the garrison, although they remain stableman with respect to givieg up, according to the treaty, any portion of territory in the vicinity unless it be tales by fovea of arms. All kinds of produce is carried on by the Moore to the markets of the fortress for disposal. Cholera and smallpox, lately preva lent, had entirely disappeared both at Melilla and in its neilbri ni Lhood. gales and heavy rains had been severely felt throughout the Peninsula, the rivers in many instances overflowing, and inundating towns, quays, Ice., especially at Seville, Maine*, Saragossa, Barcelona, ha. No steamer could leave the Balearic Islands in consequence of the storms. The Spanish government has sent 2,000 dollar to the sufferer!in Granada by the late inundations. . . . . The Malta journals continue to complain of the import duty of ten shillings sterling on every quarter of wheat, and that of six on every 175 pounds of floor consumed in those islands, and sincerely hope the governor and his advisers would not be deterred by difflcultiee which may present themselves from taking Into consideration the odious na ture of the bread tax, rind advise some other more equitable arrangement for collecting the revenue on more economical principles. The following British ships had arrived out at Gibraltar since the 14th inst. :—Steanier Britannia, 11 days from London ; steamer Frankfort, 6 days from Liverpool ; steamer Sardinia, 7 days from Loudon • 8.Y.8. schooner Eva, 7 days from Falmouth ; twig Aa ron Eaton, 20 days from CS,rdiff ; brig Betty Filen, 18 days from Llanelly ; schooner Pa cific, 30 days from Liverpool ; brig Merrier., 45 days from Swansea; barque Electric, 21 days from Oudiff steamer Peninsula, 8 days from London ; Ammer kris, Ili days from Liverpool ; steamer ffipon, 4 days 20 hours from Southampton ; brigantine T rio, 24 days from Cardiff ; barque locos 15 days from Cardiff ; steamer Orontes 6 days from Liverpool ; and bri4 Carl Emi l, 22 days from Liverpool. Gibraltar exchanges were quoted :—Os London, 90 dare date, WI to 5414 ; Paris, 51. Mc. ' • Marsei ll es, M. 31e. ; Genoa, 51. 30c. ; Madrid, eight days' sight, par ; Cadiz, par; Malaga, prem.; Seville, par ; Minket*, i dia. ; Valencia, par ; Barcelona, prem. ; S p anish pillared dollars, Ferdi nand, 2} per cent. premium, no demand ; Spanish pillared dollars, erolns, 18 to 20 per cent. premium, in demand. Freights to Loudon and outporia in the United Kingdom, armed and River Plate, Gulf of Mexico, and Ravannals 12 doh. per ton and 10 per cent. THE BONN PROSECUTIONS. Our yesterday's report of the trial of the English residents at 831111 charged with the offence of insulting the Stoats-Procurator Moller in a matter relating to his office, by publishing in the Cologne Gazette and Boon Gazette a joint protest against the language applied by that tune tieing", to the English nation when he was prosecuting Cap tain Macdonald for an alleged assault, concluded by stating that the advocate Bennerecheid addressed the court for the defence. The advocate stated that the recollections of the witnesses as to Miller's speech varied; several of them would not undertake to remember what that functionary had said. Some of them, however, bad spoken more dis tinctly. The advocate Raised bad deposed that Moiler had said, " Most travelling Englishmen behaved themselves with impudence, arrogance, and blackguardism (lawyneki)." The witness Schoppe spoke to the same effect ; Denary Cißia, and Kre well alaospoke to the same effect. The witnames Hagen, Crosthwaite, and Schiller agreed in stating that the words were textually these :—" The English—at least those who travel on the Continent—behave themselves with im pudence," he. Crasthwaite and Schiiler bad taken the words down on paper. The advocate &hider, in replying at the trial to Moller, bad charged him with insulting the whole body of Englishmen, and Moller had not repelled the charge. The advocate then said that free speech was the noblest weapon of free men. The English were so for tunate as to be well accustomed to the use of this weapon ; they wielded it against everybody, but especially against their own officials. If called to contend with their authorities, they knew nothing of the pusillanimity which some citizens of other state feel in such a situation, and they permit public men, who, after all, are but the servants of the state, to entrench themselves in their official authority against the free expression of opinion. The advocate then proceeded to examine several passages of the protest upon which the Attorney-General founded his accusation, and concluded an eloquent speech by demanding the acquittal of all the prisoners The Attorney-General Ammon, in reply, said that the trial of Macdonald bad attained an importance to which it was not entitled. They all admired the creative spirit, activity, energy, self-reliance, and free institutions of the English, and anything that might loosen the hoods of friendship between the two nations would be a cause of the deepest regret. Nevertheless, they were not there to dis cuss politics, but to do justice. Much to his regret be found himself compelled to prosecute men for whom he bad a high esteem. The Attorney-General then dwelt on the leading part which Perry had taken in drawing up the pro test and procuring signatures to it. He drew a distinc tion between the defendants who knew that the protest was designed for publication, and those who supposed it was designed for another ob ject. Referring to the statement of several of the defendants that as their country bad bees publicly attacked it must be publicly defended, he said that plea was quite inadmissible, for at all times justice could be obtained of the authorities in Prussia in another way. They might have applied to Moller for an explanation, and in default of satisfac tion, might have applied to the Minister of Justice. He (the Attorney-General) had not approved, and did not approve of Mullez's expressions. Moller himself had admitted that he had been unhappy in the choice of his words, and the Mi nister of Justice had signified his disapprobation of his lan guage ; but every man was liable to error, and if all our words were to be nicely weighed, the liberty of defence, as well as of prosecution, might be endangered. The publics tion of the protest bad caused a public scandal. He then sr gued that Miller had been unfairly said to accuse the Eng lish of blackgoardism," and quoted authorities to show that " could not be fairly so translated. He accused Dr. Perry of intentionally choosing the expression in order to give the English journals something to lay hold of. He then commented on the phraseology of the protest and ascribed to it a violent and vindictive character. Ho con cluded by asking for the acquittal of Baddeley, Rapp, Wash ington, and Oldfield, but that Perry might be sentenced to 14 days' imprisonment, and Anderson, Cumberland, and Drummond to a fine of 25 theism Dr. Perry then offered some remarks on the speech of the public prosecutor, and stated that he had WO nothing to do with the comments that bad appeared in the English journals on the conduct of the trial. Major Cumberland, who spoke in English, declared that all the defendants held themselves equally answerable for the protest, and declined to bo treated more favourably than Dr. Perry. After some remarks by the Public Prosecutor and Advo cate Bennersebeid, the Ray. Mr. Anderson rose and ad dressed the court, in the German language, to the following effect : "I shall be readily believed when I state that not one of us ever supposed be would have to stand before this tribunal on the charge of having violated the law of the laud. We believe we can venture to say that we are not guilty of this charge. The act, on which it was raised apparently, was no wilful, premeditated insult on our part, but simply an act of self-defence, oocudoned by the unjust attack that was publicly and unexpectedly made against us and oar fellow.countrymen. The circumstances that caused this attack erase clearly from the affair at the station with Macdonald on Wednesday, the 12th of Septem ber. I heard nothing definite about it until the following Saturday, the 15th, although I read • short account of the case in the Bonn newspaper on Friday. But, let the blame be on which side it may, I was convinced that the law would come to a proper decision about it, and therefore I did not mix myself up in the business. In the forenoon of that Saturday the sister-in-law of lilddonald tailed, with another lady, upon me, and told me of what had oc curred. All were personally unknown to me, but directly I heard the particular I felt it my duty to stand by them. I immediately went to the house of arrest, and after that visited Macdonald every day se long as he bad to remain there. I heard all he had to say on the matter, and read at the time the letters he addressed on the subject to Lord John Russell and Lord Bloomfield. I also put myself in continued communication with the English consul at Co logne and the advocate &hider, who was engaged as Mac donald's attorney. In this way I learned the full details of the affair ; not from a vague second-hand report, but from a reliable mimeo. Ido not wish to cause any more bad blood by reverting to what took place three months ago. I was pained to bear ► repetition of it yesterday, became Macdonald himself and his witnesses were not here. On ' this account the public will have beard the case on one side only, and consequently the difficulties of the legal question, which already engages the attention et the English and Prussian governments, will be much lammed. Perhaps • change in public opinion may exist to-day. Bat I shall not further allude to this particular. On Tuesday, the 18th of September, the trial of Macdonald began, and I was present to its close. When the Steal-Procurator rose to speak I knew neither who he was nor his office. I soon detected, however, that he was urging grounds for the punishment of Macdonald, and when lie came to that part of his speech that has made so great an excitement, 1 1 could hardly believe my own ears. I could not at an quite understand what he was saying, for one of his gimes ' mime had never been used before in my pretence during my intercourse with German gentlemen. But the impression of the whole speech on my mind was so great that it ma never be effaced, and that impression is, that be trans. greased the bounds of propriety and maligned the English on the Continent. Dr. Perry, who stood near me, and who is well acquainted with German, at once expressed his dis satidaction to me in a low tone. The consul too did the same. The advocate, Schliier, who took down the words, coloured them in reply ; and when the judge* withdrew to consult together on their sentence, and again, when the trial was at an end, oedematous of disapproval were uttered on all sides by Germans as well as English. men. 1 could, therefore, feel no doubt that contemptuous and insulting remarks bad been used spinet the English. But why should I express my thought* upon the matter? Because it was declared yesterday in this court by the preai. dent of the chamber, lambert ; also by the provincial court onuneillor, Oster, and the amessor, von Dusseldorf, who presided an judge at Macdonald's trial, that the state-pro curator did then use expressions which they believed to be unworthy and highly improper. It is therefore not to be wondered at that we should have felt ourselves greatly in sulted by theni, and before the sun went down that day our just indignation found vent in our protest. We never supposed that by so doing we were in any way violating the law. Had we known that to be the one we should natu rally have endeavoured in some other way to redress our grievance. But we believed the way we were taking to be quite justifiable. Our couduct hitherto has shown this. For when men intend publishing anything illegal, they endeavour to screen themselves from detection, But we took uo such pains. The document was carried about, freely and openly, from house to house, for signa tures, and the next day was 'rent in its willies' form to the printing-office. It matters not who wrote it ; we all made it our own by our signatures. Dr. Perry declared himself • yesterday to be the author ; but he was not the originator, only the organ to express feelings which, as soon as the subject became known to his countrymen, were shared by them all. Padinges„ doubtless, there are in it open to eriti. cism ; as in a paper so hastily drawn up there could hardly fail to be. But we were in our hearts persuaded that it was substantially true, and did not stop, therefore, to weigh syllables in the balance. A public insult demanded, as we believed, not only a public but a prompt exposure. By delaying it we should have obtained more signa tures, for several of the English residents in Bonn, who were absent have assured us that they would have signed it had they been here. But delay would only have weakened the effect of our re monstrance; and, therefore, we lost not an hour. With respect to the three passage* represented as libellous in our protest, our answer is that they only declare facts, the pub lication of which cannot properly be regarded as an insult to the Stoats Procurator in reference to the exercise of his office. Rather ought they to be regarded as a proof that he was not in the exercise of his office, and that he had for gotten it and all its especial functions at the very moment in which he was bound most carefully to adhere to them. That this is the view taken of the conduct of the !Rants Procurator by his superiors in office is established beyond all doubt by the reproof which, as I hear, he has received. Such a reproof never could have been given, had not the words spoken against us been re garded as unworthy of an officer of the crown. It matters little whether hie insulting remarks were applied to all' the English travelling upon the continent (as some wit needs say), or only to many' (as others maintain). The utterance of any such language, even under the most favourable construction of it, was a grave offence, and has justly drawn down upon him a reproof. I cannot believe, ho noured sirs, that we are now to be punished for complaining of an offence which has called forth the ()ensure of govern ment against its own officer. I cannot believe it ; for there are certain broad, eternal principles of law—that law of which our own illustrious Hooker has declared, that " her seat is the bosom of God, and her voice the harmony of the worlds"—principles, the same in all lands and in all times, which he at the base of every article of every code under heaven—principles which alone invest each differing code with the authority which ought to distinguish all—and the violation of which must, sooner or later, confound the wisdom of the wisest, and bring to nought the might of the mightiest nations upon earth. To vindicate the right and to expose the wrong are among the foremost of these sacred princi pled ; and to uphold these in their integrity is all that we have sought to do. If for doing this we are to suffer pu nishment, be it so. We will show our respect for the majesty of the law by submitting patiently to the judgment of those who administer it. Let the sen tence, therefore, of fine or imprisonment be what it may, we shall not shrink from it. We shall neither make aay parade of the hardship which some may deem in flicted upon us ; nor provoke excitement by appealing in any quarter to a morbid sympathy. We wish only to live, as we have lived heretofore, in peace and quietness ; to re frain from every word and every act which may bring just reproof either upon the church of which we are members or the state of which we are subjects ; and to maintain in pri vate life, with our German neighbours, that friendly Inter course which we hope may long continue between the two great united nations of which we are citizens. This we have done already. This, with God's help, we hope still henceforward to do. But the voice of truth we cannot stifle ; and, summoned as we are this day to answer the charge brought against us, our only answer is and must be, that we are not guilty. After he had ended, the President again asked whether any of the defendants wished to speak ; and Mr. Drum mood, through the interpreter, briefly said that, although residing for a time in Bone, he regarded himself only as one of the Englishmen travelling on the Continent, and therefore included in the remarks which had been so un justly made by Muller. The other defendants declined to say anything more ; and the President concluded the pro ceedings by requiring them all to appear in the same court on Monday, the 24th inst., at one o'clock, when judgment would be delivered. On that day, according to a telegram which we published yesterday, the judgment of the court wee given u follows : The defendants /3addeley, Rapp, Washington, Rochfort, Thurston, and Oldfield were immolated ; Perry, Anderson, Cumberland, and Drummond were found guilty, with ex tenuating circumstances, of having committed an offence against the Staate-Procurator Miller while in the perform ance of his official duties. The extenuating circumstances were declared to apply in a less degree in the case of Perry, who was fined 100 thalers, or five weeks' imprisonment in default. The other three were fined 25 thalers each, or nine days' imprisonment in default. AUSTRIA. The following appears in the Prase, pointing out the policy which the new Minister of State is advised to adopt. These are the most essential points : Ritter von Schmerling has taken pommaion to-day of the direction of the Ministry of State. As no programme ap peared on this occasion, we are induced to drew, from his past political career, the conclusion that he will make it hie solemn duty to all iu a general assembly, and by the moans of the seine to introduce constitutional order in the empire. The solution of this problem is not an easy one. Hungary alone offers considerable difficulties. /Thanks to the re ponderaoce of the Hungarian party over Count Golukowa ky's policy, the governing power had to yield to municipal 'merrily. From this a movement issued which outgrew the limits of the Imperial diploma of the 20th October. A conference will take place in Gran to-morrow, for the purpose of limiting the franchise for the Hungarian parliament ; but to judge by the example act by the Peeth Assembly on the question of taxation, it is by no means probable that this conference will keep within the bounda ries fixed by Semen and Vay ; but it is almost certain that its conclusions, exceeding by far the principles of the old Crusaders (Conaervatives), will attach themselves ex clusively to thelaw of 1848. Should this happen, and wattle oonsiestof VonSchmerling, then the dualism isoompleted; for the Hungarian Diet, with n separate ministry, appropriating to itself the right of taxation and the levy of the army, readers a constitutional Imperial parliament impossible. Against this we hope Von Schmerling will protect us. The verdict of Gran will be his first trial. We suppose that he has to postpone his decision on Hungarian affairs till the government reply to the wishes of the conference. There can be no doubt what the answer of a constitutional Impe rial minister will be. He must maintain the rrivileges of the Imperial Council, and never permit that the power of government be divided between Peath and Vienna. The electoral law in itself forms no impediment, since it is in harmony with those principles which the constitutional party of Austria entertains. This principle Von tictimerling has to apply to the whole monarchy. To introduce the Golukowsky 'system in the German-Slavonic provinces, and the law of 1848 in Hungary, would cause a separation between Hungary and the other provinces, as existed before the year 184$. Von Schmerling's task must be to introduce for the whole empire that same basis which the Hungarians claim for themselves. Such an election would bring forty an assembly which would truth fully represent the people, and would give power enough to the government to save an empire, one kingdom of which the Paris Credit Mobilier already includes rn its specula tions. It may be that a few Hungarian counties would refuse to be represented in this general assembly, but what can this minority do against 25 millions! The mal contents will not pant long. Jealousy will impel them, and when they once feel the power of this assembly they will hasten to join it. To fulfil this is the miselon of Ritter you Schmerling. In his electoral law we shall find his programme. OA!TA. The Gaeta Gazette publishes the following order of the day addressed by King Francis to his troops in the Pontifical States; : G Nov. 26. Soldiers! separated from you by the forest o f events, my affection always remains with you. The remembranoe of the fatigues you have endured during the last eight months. and of the glorious exploits you have valiantly executed, will never be effaced front my mind. lam obliged to dissolve provisionally the corps to which you belong. I Lesotho firm confidence that in a short time you will be united, perhaps to combat again and to augment the glory of the Neapolitan troops. You bear on your breasts medals which testify to pour bravery, and which will recall all the combats in which you have given striking proofs of courage. You will return for the present to your homes, where you will find your companions, who, by fighting valiantly in 1848 and 1849. gained the medals of fidelity and those of Sicily and Rome. Unite with them, and you will be like them, respected and honoured by all good and honest citizens. A day will certainly come when you will again take up the arms you now carry for the defence of your misery, your families, and your property. FILANCIS. THE POPE'S Nzrusw A Dasturna.—The Opin:orie of Turin states that Count Eroole Idaatai, a nephew of the present Pope, and late captain of the staff in the pootitival army, has offered his am - rim to the King of Italy, who has aewpted them, granting him the amine rank in the Italian army. ITALY. (flex ova owe 00111=7011MENT.) NAPLES, Om 17 . A number of decrees have been publish ed s ithio the last two or three days tending to the better organization and administration of the affairs of the country, which demand a brief notice. Under ordinary circumstances I should not have spoken o f some of them, but in the exceptional state of the province they may not be passed over. An onkr is issued for the immediate, regular, and uniforin organization of the National Guard, and inoteni ~f its being limited to a certain number, all bets cn the ages of 21 and 55 are to be registered - ; only / 1. 3 labourers and those living on wages are to be ex empted. Youths from the age of 18 to 21 may 1. aggregati to the Guard, with the consent of their natural guardians. The institution, therefore cornea a national one, embracing all the able-bs:sliel adults of the country. At the same time the body of police that was formed by a decree of the 13th of August last as a substitute to the old police who were the main support of the Bourbons is dissolved, and a force, to be called the Guard of Publi c Security, and amounting t 01,068 persons, is ordered to be formed immediately. The number appear/ to be small, but it is doubtful whether so many hone .t men can be found, and then it is to be remembered that the national guard, now so much increased, will be always in readiness to lend their assistance. There is a direction too as regards carriage/ stationed for hire in the streets and the drivers, which is admirable on paper, and which will add much to the public convenience if carried into effect. A tariff of prices is fixed ; as in France the driver is to give a ticket to every one who enter, bis carriage, and the lovers of humanity will be glad to bear that the 19th article insists on the proper treatment of the horses. Thin shows the commencement of a better spirit in Naples, and perhaps the regulation may have been suggested by a placard signed "An Englishman," posted recently on the walls of the city, urging on the Neapolitans the duty of humanity to brute beasts. The public sentiment is .0 dead on this subject at present, that legal proce dure against cruelty to animals would be almost premature. To all remonstrance against the savage brutality which is often witnessed here you are an swered by insult, or the very conclusive argument that they are not Christians ; and priests who have preached eloquent panegyrics on the Saints, to my recommendations to instruct their people in the duty of humanity have replied that children who were plucking birds and throwing them into the air and pulling them down by a string until they broke their legs "must have something to amuse them." This, by the way, however. Another decree limits and regulates the fees of the district judges who u p . to this time have eked out their miserable salaries by robbing the population under the name of " oriorarios." Indeed, the regula tions which are gradually being introduced slow, I will not say so much the birth as the importation of a better spirit •, and hold forth the promise of a greatly improved state of things, but patience ! patience ! don't let us expect miracles. The regulations as regards passports have been assimilated to those now in force in Turin, and now that we have no longer any minister of foreign affairs they will be under the direction of the police. In Naples passports for foreign countries will be issued and signed by the Prefet in Naples, and by I governors in the provinces, so that the facilities for travellers will be much greater ; and the tax on locomotion will be reduced from that enormous sum which has been paid hitherto. . . The lovers of art, 'too, will be greatly pleased with the new organisation which has been given to the Museum, and the preparations which are being made for renewing the excavations of all the sites of antiquarian interest. Those of Pompeii are to be resumed immediately, and with considerable activity, 80 that an impulse will be given to industry and taste, and the buried treasures of the past will be disinterred for the benefit of the present and the future. As regards the Museum, the personale has undergone considerable changes, and it is gratify. lag to see amongst the new names introduced that of Ficrelli, whose intimate acquaintance with the antiquities of his country renders him so desirable an acquisition to science, and whose sufferings under the Bourbons entitle him to the sympathies of his country. One of the new orders issued is, that the disgraceful practice of asking for gratuities from visitors to the Museum is done away with. In my last I reported the departure of the He lium, at 9 o'clock on Friday evening, with 250 men, minus a few who slipped over the side on board. There has been much party spirit displayed in the last as well as in every act of the drama, and I have thought it better to give you the evi dence on both sides when I have referred to the Legion. The official report sent to me is that the men got off perfectly contented and in good spirits. Others say that there were shake-downs only for 150. You will hear more of the matter when the Mak= arrives. "The vessel was well furnished," continues the report, "in everything ; fresh meat. coffee, chocolate, &c." The Glasgow committee had sent out a gentleman, a Mr. M'Ailani, who for nished and distributed a large quantity of Guernsey frocks, comforters, and socks. All the men were paid by Mr. Turner's clerks. On passing the Han nibal and the other ships they cheered them a. they steamed round. At Salerno the Legion did good service in hunting down the brigands, and lived on terms of great amity with the population and the 53rd Regiment which was stationed there. This is proved by the following flattering edam.; which was presented to the Legion by the inhalii• tants of Salerno on the day before they left : A FARE'NELL TO THE MAMA LEIAUX. When the cause —of Italy meeta with the sympathy .{ free and civilised nations we have an unexceptionable ;sof of its justice, and when that sympathy goes so far as to hale them take lip arm* and fight we have a proof of the noble. ness of the aspirations which arose to shake off the yoke .4 slavery. Inspired with thin truth, Garibaldi, the man a two worlds, conceived the thought of forming a Leghte English volunteers, who generously hastened to ,sr amustatuco. Great and general as was our grief for those brave nso who fell under the walla of Capes, it is immensely gnat,' now that new vicissitudes oblige you to leave our loud, which God smiles and which it seems war CODSHHTK to tr remit. You depart, oh generous and brave men. anal is not yet all mated, independent, and free, but she i. 0 ,4 unworthy the eynipathy of your nation, the fiat in Europe to conquer freedom, and which, better than any otlirt people, she knows bow to defend and fight for. May your departure bee pledge of security that we shall anoomplish our great teak, without the sacrifice of soy ette blood, but which we ought 'away' to be ready to shed fe our beloved country, and let us, oh noble friends, wait t,o better times to express the mincers gratitude of all the Italian nation towards your genesis country. Them. de the hearty wishes of the people of Selene., who saw your presence, and love you as brotliera.—Farewell, boo men, farewell! Salerno, 14th Dec., 1860. The answer of the Legion was conceived iii Th. following terms : Salerno, 14th Dec., 1 ,4 '. The officers and men of the British volunteer. lee. - ""I: with feelings of the utmost pride, the flattering aide , . 4 the inhabitants of Salerno, end they umure than the the cause of liberty is one in which every H an lesr . ing the name of Briton, feels it en house shed his blood They regret that, owing to ..u.1.1 , s orders from Naples, so many of the regiment ha left before the add ress was receive', but beton . Ili I. arrive at their homes it will he published hi all the 'Apure, and the people of their native country w ill s eci-It gratification that the efforts of her sou. are not u naprr• elated in Italy ; and may that knowledge .tir her to efforts for the noble cause—a cause worthy of tint bO' , ant good men sea loved by all of us. Jowpki:aril..6l ,ll habitants of Salerno, farewell ! We leave you eith and with s warm and grateful appretiatiou of the lond" we have received from you. (For the Legion) CHAS. S. StiGI.T, Do% 1 ' The Official Journal this morning publishes :I‘ , new law regarding passports for foreign en'ro'll s The greater portion of it affects, of ixmrse, the -4'• jocta of the state ; but there are two or !I'm: . clauses especially interesting to foreigner,. I -1 :•'; give you a condensation of both. The) t. 1 granted either by the foreign minister or li , delegates In the capitals of the provitnx ,,ll,.- : delegates will be the officers of the Intenilew , the smaller towns the chief of the guns' security. The passports must ootitain the bill!: place, name, surname, resideum, and professwl , the person. They will he valid for n year minors, and married so ni,•o to . 1 : ' years of age must obtain the consent 01