The Express. — London, England, 1861-12-12 00:00:00

lab Pi 2 EAU -DE-V I K.--TinA Purr PALS BRANDY, NIL pa saw M damestem.L be Pe' Ike fess esil4ll6. bad vvri emporia le meat topers& Prossli betties. as r: lies. .et Is are Ise the emlity, Ilia ISOM Calrkille psi& hese" mg le be ebbsimig 111.11XST Ski= &oda.. Imulture Sir OEM Simi% Ite. IT•RIIONIVMS.—NIW MODIL. Ai mum. taws. rod 'NOD. WI. Itopthaltnost Vie erortoo. /0 0010/11/030,10111. ME=rlskoded ler "1110lossass /viola. be ii i rm=lll. arp500.10.61 4 by Tu. mai lig remount _ Tog mom nu lair isma.—nts cams'. ON INGUITIL Norm Apia. Inials= sim lissokiwo. sod C.amert C. lowerd, Lavonor. aft. Aa r /A1114111111"MAINLICOL R. 4101111111. Tat iT A WIPICA .1017131 AL Ilr. 43. TIAIA&MI 110, Utak .—TIII FOOS 11011L11331,1. 3k. A. —Aar TIM IIUA SO SCHutg.. Masn. G. Thaw abaft . Ma MANES awl Ls. It Nalikm.-0••••••••• Ti. !LTIIARAWS. MO MOM OCZ OOCION. Mows. MIME, lickslose . Mrsa. C. Two. NA Min M. Olher.—MY .11131111 ADVICC Mr. lkoshers.—DOX AXIs WI. W. loresirea— AM FAMILY JAM. Mr. Cemplis.—Cimares all T. ISSITAXIIIA. Tim Malik TR lIITIVSZIL MINE Clubs. tr w..Jrmis ao.-11 NT Or TUE WAIT X ra & loaa -AM 1/1911ANS 1111T11111111.— comma at Si. Wel WATS* AT UM= MOOR TI DaT-1111106 N 11 Alms," Ilk ask. T..-sissom —Metska Mktrassia. 11\ 41loa. LONDON, THURSDAY, DRO. 12. (:retest. Scow, who came Is &rope only • few weeks ago fur the restoration of his health, returns to America in order to aid the work of peace by the weight of his character and t►e sagacity of his commis. The General re-embarked last night for New York in the steamer Arago. 4On Tuesday ho had a long interview with Prime Naroison, and, if we are correctly informed, he will carry to Mr. LINCOLN an expression of the desire et the Euiperor of the FRENCH to do his part, should an opportunity arias, towards bring ing the present disagreement to • favourable inns. CANADA is truly a fine country. It is of im posing magnitude ; it is healthy ; it is fertile, its wheat lands being unsurpassed in any British colony. On the great alluvial plain of Western Canada, stretching over 20,000 square miles, the farmer clews hie purchase in a vast forest of maple, beech, oak, ash, birch, cedar, pine, and other useful timber trees, and hes even grown fifty bushels of wheat to the acre on land where stumps of trees still occupy the ground. The cosasay is in many districts of striking grandeur, and Smoked river is the most magnificent in the world. Materially Canada is one of the finest fields for ook nization which invite the enterprise of Englishmen. And yet the colony does not get on. We have held it for more than a hundred yew, and it has now only • population of 2,500,000. It cannot be said that it. attractions are not known in the mother country. The Cana dian Government is anxious to encourage immi gration. Land, well situated, is let eat in con venient lots and at • low price, and great pains are taken to circulate here at home the information likely to induce people to go out. The colony has the prestige of British connexion. We smut nu tribute ; but instead, as the Times reminds us, we pay • tribute to the Colonial Go vernment in the shape of a 25 per cent duty on' manufactures. Our influential journals land the colony, though not mom than it deserves, while they incessantly decry the United States, its rival as an emigration field. And the result is what we have just mien--• country six times larger than England, with a popula tion smaller than that of Louden. " How," asks • writer in the Quarterly Rericie, "s the " fact to be accounted for that during the maim " of 1859 there arrived in Canada, as settlers, not " more than 6,000 persons speaking the English " language ; while in the mine season the United " States received more than 45,000 natives of the " United Kingdom as an increase to their indus " trial population." The question is, indeed, one well worth asking. On one side of • political frontier, a fever-haunted soil but yesterday • wilr deniers becomes the home of a vast popuktion, and throws up towns and cities with amazing raga dity ; while ou the other the most conspicuous natural and artificial advantage. are neutralised by some mysterious influence. Neither the Colonial nor the Home Harem rnent has been an indifferent observer of this comparative stagnation, and it was impossible that they should differ as to its causes. Both had the good sense to see that if Canada was to become the rival of the United States in prosperity, it must first be made their rival in freedom. Our popular writers and declaimers against self-government, which thsysituperateander the name of democracy, are more royalist than the ministers of the Crown, who since 1849 have been most usefully employed in " Americanising the institutions of Canada. They set religion free, and promoted social tranquillity by sweeping away the Church Eatablishment and applying the Clergy Reserves to civil uses. They greatly ex tended the suffrage, they set up • system of muni cipal and district legislation, like that of the States, and they abolished feudal tenures. All :ILA was wisely done ; bat the character of a colony is not to be changed on a sudden. Im portant as these improvements are, they have not greatly raised the character of the Cabinda Go. comment, nor have they attracted emigrants in large numbers to the colony. The population has grown up in habits of provincial dependency. Every t.ody is looking op to somebody else. Them is • general absence of initiative, except in asking favours ; a general want of self-rshanes, which is fatal in an unsettled country. Private enterprise asks public aid, the municipalities look up to the Government, and the colony looks up to England. The mother country must send soldiers to take can of them ; the mother country must give them pocket-money for railroads, and in return, they will send home any amount of en thusiasm suited to the occasion, and, if it is ac ceptable, some home made international law. It is not in such an impoverished spirit as this, de bandied by a system of out-door relief, that great states are built up. Canada, it is often said, hes more " prao " tical freedom" than any country , in America ; and as we bear a great deal about " practical " freedom," it is well that we can see what it does for a young country. Wlsok f ur l ongs of able articles against Democracy might be saved if writers would remember the different wants of people in a young and in an old country. Freedom, soc La and political, is by no means so indispensable in a settled country sa we some times please ourselves by thinking. The arts of enjoyment, the distinctions of wealth, material comfort, and a score of other advantages to be found only in an old country, offer to minds of a certain order abundant compensation for poli tical and social exclusiveness. A man may forego fre-idoni without being much better or much worse THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, DECEMBER- 12;" 1861. than his fellows ; but if once he fads the yearning for it, it is not " practical freedom" that will sr tidy him. He will value not only Os fruit, hat the root, the trunk, the branches, the foliage, the shade, the beauty, the sentiment of liberty. The "practical freedom " of Canada fascinates nobody, while the liberty of the United States has for eighty years attracted to its shores an emigration which can only be compered to that great removal of the human race which preceded the fall of the Roman Empire. America had nothing to offer but her freedom--4 fair start for all in the race of advancement—the assurance that no one class should be sacrificed either to the convenience or the embellishment and perfection of another. But this was enough to people the desert with crowds full of life and hope and eagerness. Tho vigour of the people of the United Statessprings from the knowledge that their interests are in their own keeping. Everybody is interested in the govern ment, because he partakes in it. " Every one," says Ds TOCQUIVILL; "takes as zealous an in " terest in the affairs of his township, his "county, and of the whole State, as if they " were his own, because everyone in his own " sphere takes an active pert in the government of " society." Therefor* the traveller hears every where the sound of the hammer and the saw, and sees new homes spread over the West and North, and therefore while fools are prating of failure the Census returns tell every ten years of an in crease without example in the history of our race. Canada, too, will be great and populous some day, but she must first learn the great lesson of self-reliance. LATEST INTELLIINXeIi ___._,__ ~ SWITZERLAND. ; Advice* from Berne announce that the Federal oouticil has officially Informed the ClllllllOO of Skate of -Geneva that the incident raised by the violation of the Helvetic territory, committed by a French gendarme on the commune of Jassy, must be con sidered as settled. A letter frora M Thouvenel, of the 29th Nov., declares to M. Kern, the Swiss Ministerin Paris, "that the violation of the territory in question can only be attributed to the error of the gendarme who committed it, and who WU ignorant that be was beyond the French frontier ; that, moreover, the lieutenant of gendarmerie of Saint- Julien, on bearing of the affair, had inflicted a punishment on the chief of the brigade of gen darmerie of Annunass, and on the soldier who had effected the anent on the Swiss territory. The individual arrested was also immediately set at liberty." (astrnies imacitAxs.) FRANCE. • PARIS, Mr. IS. The Moniteur of this morning publishes the fol lowing imperial decree : "Considering that it imports essentially to the order of the finances that the charges on the bud get should not be augmented without the Minister of Finance having been enabled to appreciate and to acquaint us whether there may be sufficient re sources to meet such additional charges, we de cree that, for the future, no decree authorising or ordering any works or measures whatever which may add to the charges on the budget shall be sub mitted to ns for our signature unless accompanied by an opinion from the Minister of Finance." The Meniteur also announces that the re-opening of the Chamber of Deputies will probably take place in the second foi Might in January. AMERICA. LIVERPOOL. Dzc. 11. The Liverpool, New York, and ihiladelphia Company's screw steamer Etna, Captain Kennedy, which left New York ou the 30th ult., and which touched at Queenstown Lust night to land de spatches, arrived in the Mersey at 7.15 this evening. This arrival adds but few details to those already received through the Boston and Portland journals. The New York papers of the 30th ult publish the case of the Harvey Birch, but without editorial comment, the telegram being probably too late for that purpose. The New York rinses makes the following remarks on the report of the British government having sent a steamer to watch the James Adger : If the James Adpr had actually boss commissioned to search a British packet the goverment might bare felt justified in baulking a deliberate purpose of that sort, bat it will be remembered that all vessels detailed to intercept the two runaways were despatched upon the assumption that they bad pat to sea is the Nashville, • viral of the aciemy, so that so Weenies el stopping sad saarohiac as English mad esa be impated to the Americas government. Tin sot of Cbgleis Wilkes, however satisfac. tory to the Amadeus pee" w eatirely spontaneous sad amstithcaised. It will wily balms • ground of hostilities when formally mactioasd by the Anglican govinneest, is response to the demand he explamitioas on the part el Basked ; and area la that crest, the latter power will Wag hesitate before it will min ea Imo so unimportant • pretest for war. The New York Herald says that the Canadian press continue to make an unnecessay bluster about the arrest of Mews. Slidell and Mason, and are making as much bad blood out of the matter as possible. It continues :—" They hear how mach more moderately the English press discuss the event, about which they are so clamorous, and should not allow their positions to run entirely away with their prudence." The Pensacola Observer, in its number; of Noy. 22, thus announces the beginning of the action at that place : At Ave minutes past 10 this men* heavy sad cen times. firing commenced at Use forts below. We learn from a person just arrived from the Navy-yard, that the Are woe opened by Fort Pickens upon the Confederate 'teenier Tunes, and wee returned by our batteries and forte. The ('ailed States frigate Niagara is trying to cross the bar, for the purpose of entering the harbour. The excitement in the tow. is intense, the business places are all closed, and the tope of the houses are covered with au excited popu lation. The same journal of the following morning says: The firing of Fort Pickens during the morniug was directed at the steamer Times with very little effect. The Times came up last night, and, with the exception of two se three little holes made by rifle @both is unhurt. The steesser Nelson was also in the engagement at the beginning ; way one shot struck her, and did but little dams" The Nelson went over to the mainland, and found the Merida regiment all right. In peering Wi'soll's W ish@ the gave them • couple of shots, which were reteuted. The frigate Niagara tried hard to come in, but bey reception was too warm, nod she had to back out. The *sly is of life we can learn of was • private of the lesisiana regiment and the wife of a sergeant of the Marine Corp, both of whom were killed by shells in the yard. A gnat many shot and shell fell In the yard, bat did very little damage to the buildings. Our guns were worked all day, and must have told with terrible effect upon the other side. At 10.47 next morning the fire wee reopened and still matinees at a very brisk rate. The people are not so much excited as yesterday, and we out fee every appearance of • determination to resist to the lath extremity if need be. But overrun appears to pith unlimited cuifidenoe in our success. A Richmond despatch says :—" An official des patch received on Tuesday night from General Bragg states that everything was quiet about Pen sacola, and that the Federal fleet keeps at a sae distance front his guns." A special despatch in the New York Tribune, dated Washington, Nov. 27, lays : The President's message has sot been completed, nor is it is type, as cartels ill-is/onsed journals assert. (icily • portion, sod that in as usfisisbed form, west to the printer to-day. The residue awaits, in manuscript, • teal decision upon some important points before even a first proof of it can be taken. The estimates, for example, of roes and mosey required doting the next fiscal year ham sot been definitively determined, but there is erica to believe that of the drat not far from 700,000 is all, and of the second not far from 700 million dollars will be called for. It is certain that the message will be in tone fall of cheer and vigour. The President, far from per ceiving my seasons to deepen of the Republic, or seines may steeds is the European ha . i2oll, will declare that be dude is the put the beat auguries for the future, gal that be is determined to bare Mein fulfilled, if an uncompromising and energetic prosecution of the war ass West it. Knowing that while „id. anther blood ace Menne. if prudeetly in th e y are own ling that either be wasted, the Prandial will advise Cou pon, sad indeed all the departments of the govern- Nest, to Reserve the just medium between • wise .cocas) sad a prudent energy. As a whole, the inmate will be read with satisfaction by all loyal men. and it will inspire ocw faith in the Republic, the government, and our speedy triumph over the rebellion. Indulging but slightly in argument, and sot at all in bunkum, it will be • Ora, bunnaes-like document, of unusually short length. A private despatch, received in this city f rom Boston, states that George James, Esq., an d th e Ron. William Stuart, arrived in the Nissars, bring ing despatches from Earl Russell to Lord Lyons, and that they booked themselves at the hotel as of Washington. This despatch intimates the proba bility that they are the avant courtiers of a new minister from England. The Kentucky rebel State Convention in session at Russellville has made • declaration of indepen dence, pared an ordinance of ear ees ion, and adopted the laws and constitution of Kentucky, Iwhere not inconsistent with the laws dais rebel government I Colonel Lee, ci the Massachusetts 90th Regi ment, who was taken prisoner by the rebels at tie battle of Bail's Bluff, has written a letter to • person in Boston, in which he confirms the repoeb that he has been selected by the rebel government to suffer the same fate as that meted out to the pirates captured by our cruisers. He is now an inmate of a cell in the gaol at Richmond. He states, however, that the rebel government is anxious to effect an exchange of prisoners. It is currently stated and believed among the Washington Secessionists that John C. Breckin ridge and R. M. T. Hunter have already been selected by Jefferson Davis's government to go abroad as ambassadors, in place of Slidell and Mason, and that they are secretly intending to cross our lines into Canada, and sail from Quebec or Halifax. Mr. Sumner addressed a crowded meeting of the Young Men's Republican Union in New York on the 27th of November. He argued that slavery was the sole cause of the rebellion, and that the only remedy adequate to meet it is abolition. Reso lutions were adopted endorsing the proclamation of General Fremont, the instructions of General Cameron to General Sherman, and the speech of Colonel Cochrane. Fernando Wood, the present candidate for the mayoralty of New York, in a speech to a mass meeting of the German population of New York, assembled to promote his election, declared that as long as the republican party remained in power at ' Washington there would be no peace whilst there was a dollar to be wrung from the people, or a drop of Southern blood to be shed." A military and naval expedition under General Burnside, for the Southern coast, is now actively fitting out at Annapolis. General Fremont had arrived at New York, en route for Washington. Advice' from Richmond say that the British sloop of war Racer was expected there soon. Treasury notes were, by orders from Washington, to be received at all post-offices in payment for stamps and stamped envelopes. Thursday, the 28th, was observed as a day of thanksgiving in New York with all the usual cere monies. Business was generally suspended. The Confederates were making some active movements in Missouri. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (now orn an PARIS, WILDNINDAT EVICININO. The Opinion Nationale says, I presume on good information, that the venerable General Scott— who came to France for his health, and was going to paas the winter at Pan—has left Paris for Havre, whence he will sail this evening on board the Arago for New York. The gallant old maa thinks he may be useful to his country at this crisis. The Arago will not touch at Southampton on her way. The Patrie, confirming the above news, says, "under all reserve," that the departure of General Scott is attributed to pressing despatches from Washington. The Bourne is quiet, speculators being extremely cautious. Rente rose sc. both for cash and account, closing at 67fr. 55c., and 87fr. 75c. Mobilier rose 6fr. 25c. Railways were in some instances much better. Orleans rose 18tr. 75c., and Lyons Bfr. 75c. The government candidate for the Corps Legis latif for the department of the Aude, AL de Plancy, has been returned by 16,339 votes against 11,004 to M. Lignier. The coalition of the dif ferent opposition candidates which it was hoped might have secured the election of one of them, was not unanimously agreed to, and 5,968 votes were thrown away upon a K Armand. This elec tion is, however, very important as a demonstra tion. There are very few examples indeed of such a formidable minority being polled in any country district. The government candidate is returned by less than half the electors who went to the poll. General de Goyon's visit to Francis IL, at Rome, calls forth the following remarks from the Opinion Nationale, signed " J. Gueroult It appears that we have at Bann two lines of policy at the least; ens which recognises the kingdom of Rely, which lends the aid of our soldiers for the repression of Neapolitius chonaititerir, and in pursuance of which, on tilt that we are as the point of recommending Francis IL to travel beyond the limits of the painsula—that is the Freed, the a vial, the good policy, the one which we support. But side by side with this policy we have another, in obedience to the Juni/ahem of which Beamed de Goyim, the commander•in•ebisf of the very same French troops which are to point their ribs, at Frauds IL's chothes, pays a visit to this King Francis IL, who is no loopy a king, and deeded' himself for the occasion with the ma. blear of the ardor of Et. Janne:id, whisk no longer exists, aloes that odor was appurtenant to the kingdom el Naples ; and. frenernadt as France and England and half Europe have recopied Victor Emmensal as King at Italy, we la France must necessarily conclude that there is no longer a kingdom of Naples. We ought to be told ditties* dike of these two coatradictory policies is that al FILM. As to followieg them both together, we know not bow sash a course may be dseigasted in the sublime Idioms of high polities, but simple mortals call it plainly a mem (die gitekir). Mgr. Menjaud, Archbishop of Bourges, is dead. THE RIGHT HON. P. PEEL, M.P., AT BURT. lAA evening,the Right Hon. F. Peeladdredred bin constituents, in the neaten at Dory, which waa dans* aoudad. The chair was lam by Yr. Raman Waits ; and among the gentlemen on the platform wars Yawn. J. Walker, W. Hutchinson, G. Wile, J. Gatled, G. Whit*. head, J. Opanshaw, S. Onun, do. The CHAIRMAN briefly introduced Yr. Peel to the ataliesee, ad the honourable gentleman waa received with anent The Bight Rm. F. Pm, speaking on the American gnee tke, said :—" The present was • time of great surprise, be cause Boma not be concealed that • memo had gone forth from this country upon the tenor of the reply to which hung the stopsadom rem of peace or war. It was • ramie; in askew contrast with the time when he last addresesd hi constitnents • year ego. Then there were no spots upon the sun of their prosperity ; but now • peat Wintry was languishing from want of the soma temed supplies from abroad. It bad indeed bees said that there had been over-production, and be believed there wee truth in the remark ; but he did not believe that the remedy would have involved more than • pert of the immure of labour which other circumstances had forced upon us. The pressure of that suspension bad been felt by tee el thousands ; but doubtless it had been alleviated by • provident um of the prosperous times they had had, and by the self -sacrificing co-operation of others who shared where from higher than interested motives they felt that they ought to share. The civil war in America was • great calamity. It was horrible to see two parties lately united in one government waging war against each other with a relentlessness and ferocity which bad been denounced as vin. latices of the established rights of civilised warfare. Bat the calamity would be tenfold greater if it dragged ua iota a par ticipation in it. (Hear.) It had been said that England wanted to pick a quarrel with the States. Why, it was notorious that she bad submitted for years to acts of en croachment and rudeness on the part of the United States' government which she could hardly have tolerated from any other. (Applause.) And why ? Not from • dread of their strength—(hear)—but from the instinctive aversion felt by this country to war with a nation, which comprised in its population, descended mainly from Englishmen, tens of thouaandi who • few years ago were our fellow countrymen. He feared that our patience had been mis understood, and that it had encouraged the Americans to proceed to acts against us which they would not have mo tored upon towards other nations. At last en act had beer committed which had roused the feeling of the country, whirr bad touched its honour in its most sensitive part ; and the people had come to a firm, but melancholy, resolve that they must rouse themaelves if they would take security against a renewal of such acts. At the tame time, let It be remembered that the act was not yet the act of the Ameri can government. (Hear, hear.) The resolutions of excited inserep we could afford to diaregird. making allowance for the slate of feeling caused by the distraction et the war. Frem the government we might expert a Weser arid more dispassionate view at the question. (Heir, hmr.) As American paper had said they did not know and did not are what view England would take of the emigre of the two men. We did loot know what view the American government would take of the demand , addressed to them by the British government ; but was ' there one man who would say he did not care? Nay, rather they all wished from the bottom of their hearts that the voice of moderation, of justice, and of right might be heard sad followed in the cosset of the Amerrea gemeress idio l sad rem they might reply anikeldy, they eesld, lose of digit to the just anewell-Loaded eamplaint whisk we had male. (Applause.) By • stead km an adveese state et thins' worked re own emu. It bad bore so evil that we had been so entirely dependent for the @apply of eette. upon the Southern States of Arserkr. The ripply we. en regular and cheap, that we wanted the Clbo emeseipareellilligne from tie Aspartame,. War ow set MI the supply. The pines left moat by Anierira, led* cur own tanitery, was ready to occupy. All she had seeded was encouregemest, said she received that sow, la part from high prices, and to part from the melon of the government in improving bier °commi t:otiose, sad 'ramming the inde x bier capital by wrablierg the aspiWuit to secure a permeneet tenure of lead. If the result should he the' in the future ladle would share with Amore., that we druid nuke aa ezeksege from dependence to partial igl e a • good would be attained that would mor si Z e art:- prude us in the end for the evil of the preset tran giros. (Haar, hear.) It was Deedless for him to eater into the assess of the American civil war which would, in all probability, lead to separation. President Davis, in l recent aneemw, which was firm with piculer fareiHmess oa that point, tb itet= the South shrank with aversion from the bare idea of mewing the Union. (Hear.) Thom words augured ill for the mastaidielunent of the Union. It was said that the Northern Stain were fighting for dominion, and it was so. Would say nation voluntarily consent to become half only of whet had been before, with perham the half that remained nartmliesel by the half that had faller away? But they were 116 tang also for mica, for their emitiratiee. amp at dim believed, rightly or measly, that wpm the mem of their straggle depended the ease of free restimblere. or at any rate Q. seer& with the world of their form of free institutions. Whether they were fighting also for emancipation of the slaves was a matter involved is deep ebecunty. Different views were enunciated by the Northern leaders on that subject. He believed the truth to be that the emancipation of the doves was • weapon which lay in the armoury of the Northeru States, but that it would not be brandished aloft, except as • desperate measure, On the other Mad, there could be no doubt that the South was Ightio . g for th insiatename of slavery, and for preventing the Inniatio: of the area within which shivery was en institution. If the friendship of England had been an object with eac h o f the two parties, the Northera States had a great advantage in their competition for our favour, from the cireunieriam of slavery being aridly end prominently identified w ith the cause of the ar idly The South was also fighting for self•goveniment ; and when it was remembered that the Southern States were sovereign states which joined the Union voluntarily for a common benefit, and which have now arrived at the same conclusion that the same laws and policy can no longer serve for the common benefit of both sections, could we my that they bad not a cause of war for which it would not be difficult to find a precedent la the history of the world? Those being the parties, and those the objects for which they were ghting, what coarse was it the duty of England to take ! Plainly, it was to stand seat al in the quarrel ; because the quarrel was essentially domestic, and because it had been a maxim with the government of the United States to meet any offer of our good otiose uan affront. We bad maintained an im partial neutrality with a strictome which bad excited the admiration of foreigners, who knew how essential a regu. kr supply of cotton was to keep our mighty machinery in motion. Foreigners knew also the principle of international law, that a blockade to be entitled to respect must be effec tive; and they knew the inefficiency at one period, at all events, of the blockade of the Southern porta. President Davis said he could prove the inefficiency of the blockade. Oa the other hand, General Scott mid the Americans coin. plained that we had been over prompt in our declaration of neutrality. But that declaration was addressed to oar own people, and from the moment the war broke out England was liable to be compromised by the acts d her subjects aiding and abetting one side or the other, not knowing the intentions of the government. Therefore it was impani tile to be • day too soon in issuing the declaration of nen. =Maar bear.) It bad ben maid the neutrality have be am one of action only, and that we ought to have given our sympathy to the Northern States as we did to Italy. But the parties in America did out stood in the mime relations to each other as did united Italy and the government of Francis the Second. To come to the last transaction, the taking of two gentlemen from an English mail packet, we believed that act to have been illegal. It had to be considered, ant, whether they were liable to seizure. They were not liable to be seized as rebels, because a country which was carrying on a war against its own sub joins as rebels had no rights of war whatever over a neutral musky. They might be treated as rebels by the Northern States ; but la their negotiatious with this country they most argue as if th were belligerents, or they had no right whatever to do what they had dose (Hear, hear.) The Southern oommiedoners were not liable to seizure as contraband of war because, elastic as that term was, In sever yet heard it extended to atop sad moms which were mining from the seat of war, and promoting to a next el country. They were not liable to seizure as enem's goods, although they might have bees if they were o f African descent. (Laughter.) But they were free men. They were envoys, or at least they were coming to this country to clothe themselves with that character. It bad been laid down that ambaseadon might be seized by their enemies while oo their pump ; but the TIIIIMOD he had to con skier was whether they might be sued upon the deck of a sentral vessel. Was thee any difference between territory afloat on the high seas, which the deck of a mead wee, and territory on lead? Presidest Davis thin& there was no difference, for he said that the American government had as much right to seise the two geatianon in the streets of Loudon as :upon the desk of the mod He (Mr. Peed) oonfamed that he was not clear on that point, and he would rather reserve his opinion until be had heard the question more fully discussed. (Hear, hear.) As to the other ground on which we impeac hed the legality of the act, there could be no question whatever. The men might have been liable to seizure; but they were not legal prizes until they were coodemnelly • decree of a cunipetent court of justice. (Hear, hem.) They went seder the protection of England, of which they amid tit be divested except by judicial sentence. It would be idle to speculate upon the answer of the American government, In the interim, our course should be to hve for the best, and prayers, for the worst The act was not yetthe act of the Amen= govern ! mein. She might disavow she might adopt as her own, and amen the perfect legalit y of, the act of Captain Wilke,. If she did the latter, let us heartier reasons. But if she could sot deny the wrong, and et would deny us redress, then it would be for us to ' whether we should surrender, or whether we should maintain our right, which was the common right of ell civilised nations. A weak nation is Central America, under like provocation, the other day protested and then remained inactive. But England was strong, and her arm, which Providence bad endowed with strength, would be stronger thau ohm it was . npliftad in the cause of 80'J-defence, mil in the cause of net and justice. He would now conclude, as he had expressing his gratitude for the continued support e tra n t'lisl been given to him. Constancy he believed to be the 1 characteristic virtue of his constituency. Let a man stand firmly by them sod b his public duty, and he did not believe that he need have any fear, but that they would stand firmly by him." (Gnat appla u se.) A vote of confidence in Mr. Peel was passed with acclama dm, and the proceedings terminated with a vote of thanks to the chairmen. The Delia Grande of Genes publishes, with the signature of its editors, the following appeal to King Victor Emmanuel:—" An Italian of great intelligence, and devoted to the great common country, the exiled Guiseppe Mazzinf, is now gravely ill at London. In order not to die under the cloudy sky of England, he requires one thing which this royal prerogative eau alone grant, an amnesty, not a simple pardon. The King of Italy has a large and generous heart. He cannot be willing to allow the man to die out of Italy to whom belongs the initiative of the great Idea of unity, the martyr of independence and of liberty. Lot your Majesty therefore exercise your right of grace by according to the exile, without conditions of any kind, the amnesty required." One of the correspondents of the Debate gives the following as a curious specimen of the tolerance of the police authorities of Warsaw, being a permission signed by the Prefect of Police :—" I authorise the bearer of the present owl, —, to carry a cane, even with an iron ferule at the end, and this oc account of his advanced age sad the weakness of his tsp.—Pit usu." NEW. or TEX BURNINO OF TIM HARVEY Blttc a EXCRETED AT New Yost.—The following is the account of the Harvey Birch affair, published in the Now York jour nals of the latest data (Nov. 30) :—" The Nashville, Hying the rebel flag, has arrived at Southampton. She lauded Capt. Nelson and crew, 29 in number, of the American ship Harvey Birch. Capt. Nelson reports that he left Havre on the 19th, bound for New York in ballast ; on the 19th was brought to by the Nashville, Commander Peagram, late of the United States navy. The Harvey Birch wax boarded im mediately by the officers and mew of the Nashville, who at thee ordered the captain and mew on board the steamer, allowing them to take a few of their effects and fresh pro maims. thiptain Peagraint then ordered the Harvey Birch to be fi red, and laid alongside till she burnt to the water's edge. Captain Nelms immtely placed himself in communes tioa with Capt.Brietow, UoitedStatee Consul at Southamp ton. The Nashville is still lying in the river, dying the rebel flag. Oviedo Nelms rye that Commander Peagram states that he hoe no commission from the Southern go vernment as a war steamer, yet declares it is not a pri vateer. No fileathera commiseioaers arrived by the Nash ville. The whole sew et the Harvey Birth, except the captain, were placed in Irma till the arrival in Southampton. Exhortations were made to induce the captain and crew to take the oath to the Confederate government. Captain Peagram communicated with Mr. Yancey. The Nashville will refit at Southampton.* MADAME LIND AND LOCAL CHARITIIN. —At Madame Jassy Lind Goldschmides concert on Friday even * (sail, the Mu rfrorne Journal), our respected Mayor (Mr. John Hare) took the opportunity during the per formances of waiting upon this gifted and amiable lady, to cootie& with her upon her indisposition, and, at the same time, to thank her,in the name of the city, for her munificent promise - of devoting the whole of the proceeds of the concert towards the funds of the Royal Infirmary and General Hospital ; on Saturday lie received • visit from Mr. Mitchell's agent, to say that if he could make it convenient to call at her hotel, she would hand him over the money. The Mayor ac cordingly proceeded to the Bath Hotel, but, we regret to state, he was unable to see the talented cantatrice herself, who was still confined to her room with a severe cold. He however, hedu very pleasant interview with her husband, Mr. Otto Goidethmi4 who handed him over a cheque for 310/. l&i. 2d., together with the following letter:— " Bath Hotel, Milos, Dec. 7, 1861.—Mr. Mayor,—ln accordance with the statement made by me at last eight's concert, I have the pleasure, on behalf of Selene Goldschmidt, awl for myself, handyour worshipencloicd cheque for 310/. 1a5.2(1, being the net prooeedsof the count. I beg to ea clme, at the same time, two statements, one relating to the receipts of last night's concert, and the other to the current expenses ; and 1 beg your worship will have the goodness to distribute the balance in equal moieties !Moen the Bristol Royal Infirmary and the Bristol General Hos pitel.—l have the honour to be, Mr. Mayor, very obe diently yours, Orro Got eacintror." We may add that the gross receipts of the concert amounted to the large sum of al/. Is. dd., while the proportion of the artistes % salaried. hire of rooms, printing, and various other contingent aid local expeeeex, amounted to 323/. 3.. 4d., leaving abelance. as already stated, of 310/. 18s. 2d. The Maur/fader 61 o , dies says :—" We understand that Thomas Goadeby, Esq.! the Mayor of Manchester, has received from Mr. ai d Madame Lind-Goldschmidt • cheque for the sum of 1931., with so iatimation that it is their dein that the amount so liberally contributed should be , x• pended by the Mayor iu connection with any foods which may be Mailable for su c h pu r p os es as 7 ,0 " vidiog coals ar clothing, or otherwiee, as the Mayor tea 7 think desirable, for the benefit of the families of deserving operatives who may be suffering from want of employment during the winter. At the same time we are informed that Mr. and Madame Goldachmidt transmitted, through M. A. Schwabe, • donation of 23 games to the Hospital for C.Thildren, is Bridgeetreet.* FIRM AND Loco or LITE IN LONDONDERRY.- - A great fire broke out in the mill of Mr. John Christy. cat 9 o'clock ou Tuesday, and continued raging up to about 1 o'clock, when • portion of the wall tell io, burPg several pathos in the ruins. Five bodies have been le covered up to the present. An active search continues to be node. Only one person vet dead out of the five found; the other four are greatly injured. The number buried not yet known. be court. WINDSOR CARTLZ, Dm 11. The Queen drove out this morning in a earflap sad four, attended by the Dvalseesof Athol*, Lady Augustin ass, sad Lord Alfred Puget, Primer Helena, Moms Lades, and the Aimee of Lantern, drove to Kew, and took luncheon with the Ducherof Cambridge sad Mumma NW- The How. Beatrice Byug was in ationdance. A bulletin of the health of IM PASO, Camel was issued this day : "Hie Regal Higliams the Nees Casson is suffering from fever, unstMentad by nalsvoutrablo semptotus, but lamb from its BMus to mistime for some Mom "Jame Ctrs; 1L D. " Han Bourn). M.D. "Motu. WATSON. Y.D. " Wrirtem Jes En. Y.D. " Windom Om*, Has. 11, 18E." Clemeser Welker bed as iaterview with the Duke at Newasthe, yesterday, at Ms Cokinial-office. Despitehes ware seat yesterday from the Colooial•ofoe to the Gammon of Gibraltar, ma* sad Canada, and to the Lord High Conarniasioner M the losian Wanda The Teri of Clarendon arrived in town yesterday bora the (hors, Watford. Lord Klphinstone has arrived at the Bromwich Bohol. Jeruye•eareet. fro. Torquay. Lord and lady Stafford have arrived at Man rip's Hoist foes Cory Hal, Norwich. Captain Allen Alexander Bathurst, M.P. for armorer, sad =thew sad bar of lei Bathurst, ia, says the Worreetershirr Chronicle, scout to be roarried to Wm Muriel Leicester Worm, sseisd &hairr of the Riskt Hos. Lord de Tabley. A monumvut, erected by enbectiption, has been plead in the cemetery at Marypeet. Comberland, to the vaemary all the Lle Capt&la Hadae , cd the Greet &ahem He wee a satire d GM tows The 000escreahni of the Bishop of Gloucester and Beatel and of the Bishop of lionetele (Seedirich Islands) will take place es alsoley out, Desseeltse 15, in the chapel of Lambeth Mese. Sir Robert Peel publishes a further lint of sub scriptions towards UM Ultima su • ler tho adew ssst of scholarships in the Quesses The eentai- Maim list includes the nemus of Ifissent Palmerston for 100 L, and the Esrl d Clarendon, Chamellor of ths Univer sity, for NC for Am yam. The other subscriptions are Womble all mry Wield in mount. On Tuesday Mr. Justice Mellor, the newly spasiated jadp of the Court of Queen's Bieck was seder- Waal at s dicier gi►es to Was at the Ship sod Turtle Tama, larisalsoll-slnek by the eassabere of the Midlsad sires& The chair woe oecapied by Mr. Macaulay, Q.C., sod assay tie whaisilet tits Wetly;a of the circuit wore poorest, as well astssessal 15,.., vasebegs of mai sass% laskadiag Mr. Comebeisour Geolbora, Mr. Wad tie Usilir-lharelary of the Heass-sdiss, sad Mr. Umiak Q.C. . _ AR agricultural dinner at Horsbani yesterday was Minded b several Milladell of parliament 31r. Seymour lffilegoold, 11110 pfd, weds the American question the topic of his epee* sad declared that the conservative party would eve promment au " unhesitating sad un &aching support.* Colonel Barttelot, )L P., NA Mr. Owe, M.P., also pve sepresesioe to their opinions on the same subject, the labor taking a 090101i00 view of the war he Americo. Tho Hon. H. &sod, M.P., speaking en Lewes, MI Terday, ad that be bad had acit lamas with Arariaane. They bad Madly haw towards Dr t ad. as legiaad bad Mardi Aram Bork tatorterady, these wee • mall section is America of say and excited politicians who Irving sallskag to toss, right wish to Involve the two eesotties is war. (Hear, how.) Heaves grant that they might not have the upper hand. Hawes past that pesos might be aristraa braes tree two pa arm (Maw Ni. Mawr coincided is the espreriese af Hr. Dna wili regard to the harem sorties. Yeeteniay there woo an important meeting of the lead* slipoweers et the Jennie Osiewheeme, Ur. W. Pim* I. the dish. for the peepers of affordieg "the aldgeweere of the British empire meet of protecting theca aim ageism& the rick d wen is regime to that mesas& ea the gelled* of a ieuteel immune ereelatiee." The pro faning' throughout woe ustiehms, esd a eemalittee wee lama to carry out the eirelemplebd aloe* apeehtieg the following well isms podium eweeisted with the &hippie" interest :—Deena Decker. Gosqp William Phillips, Itiehmod Orel% Jame Awkeees, C. H. Willman. W. H. TWA, JAN L Wilt* rtoderick boas., A. 0. Robieeos. T. H. Abel, he. On Wednesday night, at Craven Chapel, before • trowitail a•d itatitaliwutio anthem*. the Bev. Newman Hall gave • litetstre as "the folly wad ide we Y•eland go to war with Americana rutalswo le Ohs Yt•et. Be►. J. Graham presided The MlJujus letter has ham addressed by Lod Shaftesbury to oar of t►e prescient of the prayer wastisi at Exeter Hall to-sight :—•' December 7.—Deer ekr,--Sises oar iaterview this morale& I have bees laferesell that the proposed motto' is to be one of my large persertiess ; that may headreds are I. M mommosed ; and that it will amen a public and very imposing character. I had sot 'sawed to much from oar overstrike. Great or swath I should sot be able le Mend it, though, as a small sad private one, should headily approve it ; but as a great ose of the supposd dismiss*, I mot take the liberty of raying that I should with seal oedema it. Without pro limiaary explanation each a moths would be misuoder Mood. It would he interpreted by the bulk of the pries sod by the Americas as a °Naked rebuke of the govern ment end fans thi epistles that the country was not salted cm this serious queetion. The prayers, too, offered up as the oeimaioa, would, I fear, be speeches, and would hold oat so little emir for cavil or ridicule. The purpose itself highly uorutriatul; but it sbuubl, I think, be awned into effect by a published appeal addressed to families sod oingreptioes, each N their own particular sphere, to im plore God that we m►y both do and receive what is just.— Your °Wiest servant, Saarresin:RY." The President of the Canadian Institute of Montreal has received, through the medium of the Fresh causal, a ease 000tairieg me bemired and liftyais volumes of ran sod interest* warts being a peewit from his Imperial Highness Prism !bode= to the instigate. The gift Mind« a mall lot of Jesse legravimp, sad is mew periled by a letter from the prim, to which he reeptuslo the members to semi Ids preset es a remembrass of his visit to Cued., sad sea token of the interest he takes in the . welfare of the hieelbels. LATEST. The following telegrams readied Portland just prior to the sailing of the Norwegian : Waskingtow, Nov.l9.—Commodar; Dupont reports that Fort Pulaski is at the mercy of oar forces the moment the latter desire to take it ; alats, that reliable accoaate formed him that hevanamb waa being evammied by the mles feet as possible, feu* pratably that Oommodere would attempt to take it. Be further elates that Commodore Tatted!, of the rebel lest, had given it as his opinion that the satire rebel deform of the southern coot must be absadonedou they could sot shed the armament of our Beet. Those is reason to believe that the rebel steamer George Page captured two merchant albumen at the mouth of Naatsco Creek last night. The Tribune's special Washington despatch of the 30th says : The govenunemt has nerirod intelligence that the laden d the rebellion in Riebroond and in the rebid amp earns the Panama° st lad ere satisfied that they ere to be beaten is the Mee of arms which they hare amnia, and that the cause of enemies is a bowlines one. The division of General Banks will on Saturday be ordered to remove from Darnaton to Frederick; the certainty that the roads for miles around Dsrnston will soon become unfit for travel renders this change necessary. Going into whiter quarters is not contemplated, on the contrary, Frederick is selected as my damns ; the army stationed there, having canal and railroad facilities, can be readily moved in any direction. An abundanie of forage at Frederick furnishes another reason for the change. General Stone's division will probably occupy its position at Pooleaville. A Quebec letter in the New York Times says at a council of war it was determined to prepare for emergenci by placing the Canadian frontier in a state of defence. There were rumours that it Me been resolved upon to call out 10,000 volunteers, but there is nothing authentic. New York, November 30th.—The cotton mar ket still tends upwards. Middling Upland sells at 27c., but is freely offered thereat. Breadstuffs.—Flour is quoted at 5 dole. 60c. for extra state, and wheat at 1 dol. 28c. for winter red. The money market continues easy. Sterling ex change is quoted at 109 for bankers, and 108 for commercial bills. The closing prices of the leading stooks hat evening were as follows :—New York Central Shares, 781; Erie Shares, 32; Illinois Central, ; United States Sixes of 1868, 92; ditto, Coupon Sixes of 1888, 93} ; ditto, Registered, 921. Closing dull. LIVERPOOL, WIDIIVIDAT. The Canadian screw steamer Norwegian, Captain M'Master, which sailed from Portland (Maine) on the 30th ult., and which called at Londonderry yes terday, arrived in the Mersey this morning. SOUTHAMPTON, Inic. 12. The Hamburg and American Company'. steamer Saxon* from New York on the 30th ult., has arrived off Cowes. She brings 168 passengers. Her news has been anticipated. CANADA AND AMERICA. The New York news, of Nov. 90, publishes the following Wier from Quebec : "Mr. ioarstary Seward'. letters to Lord Lyons and the Gomm of the States have not lees without their effect von the Claardian mind, followed up as they have been by tiss Noon and !Slidell case. Noes of the Canadian newspapers etiontpt to justify the latter preceding—even the Toronto Globe aoademns it, which, more themaagether journal, takes an American view lot the provost NOW/ in the United Makes. But whether Captain Wilkes wee right or wrong, is not rite question now. I to Mil you that at a council of war, held here yesterday (Sanclay), between General Sir Fonwick W. Williams, of Kars, sommander of the foram in Canada, (who came down from Montreal to attend it), his "keelleery the Governor-General. CoL Pay cater, oomaand kg the Royal Artillery in Canada, sad others, it was deter. wined to prepare for emergencies by putting the frontier in a state of defence. There are rumoan that it was resolved knoll out 10,0.13 voluotons, but of that I have no authen tic infatuation. It may have ben determined that, is nos of war, that should be dose. Thus it appears that Great Britain and the States are actually drifting into war. Lift up your voice, Mr. Editor, to avert the calamity, if pos sible. Give counsel, that the difloulties which exist may be resnond, if possible ; and surely it is possible, without rowans to arms. Let not brothers—for such you and we really an—be arrayed in deadly tights against each other. For assuredly the calamities of the eiCstiog civil strife will be multiplied tenfold, if not only the land, but the sea, is made the field of conflict The Herald has done much to faa into a flame the elements of discord that er , st between England and the States. Let the Nets York Times admin. oder the antidote, more powerful than the poiaoo." The New York Times, of Nor. 30, says :—" As some ine i cation of the temper with which the news of the @sitar. of Slidell sod Noma will be received in Beglaad, we Mara from our Leaden Wag that, apes a aaggestioa that the maxim' of the James Adger in British embers was to overhaul the Trent, the British Admiralty directed a mewl of war to pursue and watch the American ebesmsr, and that the pursuit was only abaadoned when the Adger was found to have other objec ts . " _ _ _ Mr. Edwin :Tames has published a letter in the New Turk papers respecting the Trot affair. He says the whole studios in regard to Mama and Slidell would rest en th e movers of the captain of the Trent to the following questions :-Ist. Were you acquainted with the terms of her Majesty's proclamation commanding strict neutrality on the part of all her subject dunog the term of hostilities between the Northern and Southern Mates! 2nd. Did you not know that the two gentlemen, when they Weenie pnessegers, not refugees, on board your Meek were employing themselves or were employed in an eater prise of direct hostility to the constituted government of the United Stab! The answer to then two questions in the affirmative, he maintains, and imaelsteutly with teeth they could not be answered otherwise. would redthe the queettee to very narrow dimeesions ; and should any doubt exist up= the wooed propeetios, the inerage recently sent by Mr. Jefferson Davis to his parliament at Richmond would touch facilitate its solution. COT Sittinp at N Jiu DEIGDALK e This vas as for bodily inju, negligence of Mr. &will a tiff; and Mr. the case for tin The plaintiff shoemaker at or six joarn • passenger to the Bellevue off the line it No lees than el the oiiifit; The injurie serious descrip brain. and NMI the accident. came into court A medial ms lee. for life, bui be for the patio artificial limb ti The plaintiff, had made an off had refused the made Theplaintiff in the •tembe, The Lord Chil he heard of a pra way oompany, h, made, as be had I tent of the injury promised the eta when 60 real i meet prevented Such conduct mu he was happy to I from any imputat Mr. Serjeant fondants to say ti from the accident brought to triaL There was no f3erjeant Ballard' darnagea The jury, after verdict for the pl Sittings at Nisi 13 At the sitting of the jury ca which betel cases which h day being poet counsel. The v try had been m y the jurymer both sides, requ Wednesday last, I day. l e :iaal Ipene was obli to oh on Tu esday night, Wednesday morn notice that the cm accommodate cm tat special jucourymen e s?ao .l i were made, the must attend, or reasonable that if clients, they also a adopting such a cc he complained of. Mr. Justice Byl been said to the Is had postponed thb time, he must awl ships, yet the coo worse, for they hai continuously. It cult the ow:lranians COURT OF (Be Dr. Phi Minors, petitioner ; Mr. Si risspondent i and The petitioner h he had sines becon wife on Sept. 2, I& recent period. Tbet whom five were still mince the separatios observed, had grad devil drink ; end i great deal of her hu that she bad pawn about 3/. 10s. per d per done. Mr. M covering the affair, it is you. 1 1 of goods." She nu of very profligate c including one of ho Button, and the cc a married man will ble situation in e C The respondent respondent also au Con. For the defence I was a carman, and He had .12 childret liberty with the rat 30 Pon ago. At t to nurse her, it was but he had not doer that the petitions against her ; an nothing, he said, Witness had worke years, and soon site " We must pc was anything the ni " \o; but I under been In the habit of Witasal denied it, dog. When witnsa wort, and not to MI (The case was pro = THE A visn Witham rant, 1 charged with being i Cattle Show, also w Polios.constable yesterday afternoon gentlemen came and ing to. lie went to very drunk and pul , crowd round him. 1 when he said he woo of the pen. Ho said Ai, lemon° of °thorn° to he carried oats V nese. He was then c added that they wen Prisoner denied be standing br a pen of food down their thra that man should do starving people dyini rather agitated. lie called a publi< his statement. He two. Mr. 3fansflehl, aft 4 charged the prisoner, narrow . ..caps, a• it ect that be now got c 6IUTTLIC-101 A respectable-look Placed at the bar bef ing VA from the pen following circumstAn The prosecutor sai4 he was in Fleet-stree after conversing the, • glans of oe. Whit stud he had jest corn( challenged the other he. They *greed toil flying Horse beerelic He had 121.105. and I upwards of 601., in hi Into the beer-shop w and his senses bed recollected thrown); 12/. 10s. in • 01 to make him t pledge his watch. to the latter, sac ! , t , • pawnbroker's, it, and returned t money in his band. the prisoner and his COUB I