The Express. — London, England, 1861-12-26 00:00:00

•lIKONItrit&—NIW MODEL. mum, mat; sd WOOD. IN. ifiria44ll•l4. EA U-D -V I E.—Tuie Pure PALE BRANDY, Ir. Psi sollis. le detnoastrete4. upon analyser. to he pe. bee teem aridity. .ad eery maperlor to recent lanporta. OKPlan. In Reath bathe. Oa per 4os. . or ta• case tor aureersear. ma Kw tory assn p. 14. Yn Agents. seal to elailmel ode a aLs KY SAM W Co., 014 Panthers 114 e. LC. Eire erpreoo. t Modern be "Dr 1 - Lodes► ylaira k W .°i dle al 1= . 1114 aginwisaisa by Too Wks eget pAritasErr. mos svcsimo sacie --- .7 mews. Nockitane, Compton, mod Ham: llookmul C. Toone, Wilkins, At. And LIME NM/ Javrircr AND LITTLE DOT BLUE, or, IRK. LEWIN ANN) OLD DADDY LONGLEGA Looks Lackroki. It .1, Tuts Mask A ii:MIDMITITE WOMAN. PERAErA AND ANDROMEDA: et. The Mehl sad the Monster. Hewn I. Matthew% admiere, sad Mew Walles Herbert. C. Testy.—And TMIMOAADISO MCMOOL—Coameace at 7i. 111MTAFPIA.. Tam imam IMaaaaga7TEl IC ISO or TIM FEW. Um A lam. Merin. A. Rolm J. Losk. If 111141WO.Wilesa. lin. W. LVeateed.—Ad Tin MOT= ONIC.-4.76wwwmase ay. A Manias Tareanmace VW Al. 1111111 ways" AT WIIDON BUNN& rum in7.7.7Aiwa:a.7 $k 11.. to•aliebill—ataulog, Altarsess. w 500. LONDON, THURSDAY, DEC. 21;. Tat r reverence for a noble life departed con mists, not in pursuing the memory of its works and virtues with sterile lamentations and the tardy homage of unavailing regrets, but in observing with a dutiful fidelity the admonitions of • great and good example, as though the society of the living presence were interrupted rather than withdrawn. It is in this spirit, we conceive, that the institutions and enterprises to which the lamented Panice CONSORT lent not only the charm and grace of his sympathy, but the conspicuous sanction of his active and intelligent co.opse•-' tion, should be conducted and sustained hence forth by the distinguished men who in his life time enjoyed the high privilege of being his fellow. workers in endowing England with the culture of all the civilising arts. Among the many titles to the gratitude and affection of his adopted country men upon which the sanctity of an untimely death has set its consecrating seal, there is probably none which belongs so peculiarly and exclusively to the perfect Christian gentleman whom all Europe mourns, ea the conception of those grand International Parliaments of Peace, of which the Exhibition of 1851 was the initiation and the type. The good seed sown eleven years ago in Hyde Park has quickened and sprung up in many lands, and now the sower himself has gone to his reward ! Just when the bread that was cast upon the waters is coming beck again, the kindly hand is cold, and it is for others that the honour and the reward of labours and difficulties converted into benefits and bleiriap are reserved. The ancient epitaph, Beteefeeiewde pertraiwirit, belongs to the monument of a Patues who had the heart to discern the better destiny of all mankind, and to spend his days in adding • stone to the infinite temple of the Future. In an age when war is still the trade of Monarchs and the rage of peoples, there lived a Piusca beside the throne of an Empire great in war as in peace, who was content with the calm glory of bloodless triumphs, and of victories for which no tears were shed. Surely it would argue a poor respect for the con stant purpose of that privileged sixistence--privi - lewd, it may be, even in that swift, sharp stroke of fats which we deplore—to talk as if the insti tutions he founded and the enterprises he initiated must parish with him. Prejudice, jea lousy, detraction, all thus malignant fumes that obscure the grimier dignity and simplieity of living worth, fly off; but the works are not buried from our sight; they remain our sacred heritage. The IDTIAXATIONAL ELMISITION, which is to be opened at South ffeneington in May, 1862, will be saddened by the most poignant sense of an irreparable loss. One absent figure will be more present to all minds on that occasion than all that meets their sight. Yet if the Patsies could have translated his latest wishes into words, it may without presumption be believed that ho would have owned some human comfort in the thought that the work of his predilection should grow and prosper, and that to such a living memento of pure aspiring', all nations should being the contributions of emulous genius and handiwork, even as loving mourners deposit on a ten years' grave the isini.,rt.ties that symbolise eternal hopes. The splendour and success of the coming Exhibition will be the meet fitting testimony to the exalted and enduring character of the Pantas influence among us. Already in the desolate anguish of be reavement, the unfailing instinct of affection had divined this duty, and we are assured that it Is the desire of our SOVIOLZION LADY, with and for whom all English hearts are stricken, that the work that was so near the Pattice'A heart should be thoroughly fulfilled. In truth, thanks to his . inspiring energy, this Einterrtor is become the work of all the civilised world, and not of England alone. English capital guarantees the cost, constructs the building, and dispenses the hospitalities and the honours. But the British Coin. mission is acting only as the Executive in calling together and entertaining the representatives of all the sciences and arta, wheresoever cultivated, that enlighten and enrich humanity. The Tanner's idea of an International Exhibition, as it struck that serene and earnest mind, and as it has taken shape and form in actual experiment, was an idea of universality and unity ; an idea too capacious and tun expensive to suf!..,r the risk of vulgar failures or I r ll !writinta. The very largeness of the original Manliest certified the durability of the design. Nor, indeed, is this to be said of the International Exhibition only—it is almost equally true of all tho other subsidiary undertakings inspired by the mime spirit and tending to one object, on which the Parv.•x Coimoar bestowed BO much of his busy leisure and his disinterested solicitude. All that is really national end lasting in the establishments at South Kensington is directly due to that high and generous ambition. If the purpose of the founder has been clogged with some parasitical growths, we must remember and excuse the difference between creatures end creators. This is an every day story in all old countries when patronage of some sort is necessary to the cultivation of tbs beautiful; and in England, we know, a vested interest springs up, like a gourd, in a single night. It will be no matter far regret if some vested interests which have made a " business " of Art, and a job of dilettantism, are reduced to justify their self importance by their proper merits, and to prove that they are indispensable to t►e prosperity and permanence of institutions which they neither orivinated nor sustained. But the Partcr CoNtIORT lives for England in his works, and in the light and wartath of a genius dedicated to all good and public uses, and, therefore, a " possession for ever." I Few things have more puzzled those who, with only an average acquaintance with American affairs, wish to think well of the people of the United States, than their way of talking about acquiring Canada. It is quite true that it is an established habit in America for political aspirants to promise Canada to the citizens, and for the citizens to assume that the acquisition of Canada is only a question of time. It is quite true that since the existing American revolution took form the American SECRETARY of STATE has repeated his former assumptiosis about the duty and expediency of annexing Canada ; and that public men who should be wiser and more scrupulous than Mr. SEWARD has ever shown himself to be, have fallen into his way of talking on this matter. When a leader of the Abolitionists like Mr. WENDELL PHILLIPS in dulges in profligate political talk of that kind, Englishmen may well ask what it can mean, and whether the Americans imagine the Canadians ready to make a part of the Republic, or whether they propose to seize the country first, and pro pitiate the inhabitants afterwards. Unreaeonable as the talk of American orators is, it is intelligible to those who knew Canada a quarter of a century ago, and who have known the United States since. American audiences and newspaper readers are apt to linger upon bygone facts and ideas ; and, on the other hand, their orators and journalists are at once disinclined to drop incitements which have once been effective, and very apt to believe what is conve nient at the moment. Thus we hoar something about annexing Canada every few weeks or months, though it mounds as strangely to us as it would to our Danish neighbours to find our Members of Parliament, or Lord &MULL, or our , teetotal lecturers referring to an approaching time when Denmark would have become English. How could such a practice obtain a footing in America I Certainly not through the vanity of the Re public, only or chiefly. Great allowance is to be made for that complacency of which we bear so much, and for the other aspect of the same com placency—the sincere pity which the Americans feel for everybody who does not live under their Government. They live far away from the old countries of the civilized world ; they see nothing in their own hemisphere to compare with their own prosperity ; they are not, as a people, con scious of the defects of their own polity, nor aware of any political advantages, or social sope riority of any kind among nations whom they sup pose themselves to have outstripped as far in all , ways as in the acquisition of wealth. They are, in short, a young and successful nation ; and they have naturally taken for granted that an old fashioned colony hitherto slow in its growth would be delighted to become a glorious group of States in their glorious Union. But this general notion and universal complacency would not have ' sufficed without some definite facts to support them. Meantime, the ascendancy of the Southern fac tion had introduced a new policy of annexation for the support of slavery. Texas was stolen, Mexico was humbled, Central America was being got ready, and Cuba attacked, with this object ; and the Northern men, especially anti-slavery men, made arrangements for adding a Free State to the Union for every Slave State added by the South. They would cut up their new north west territory into five States ; and then there was Canada, where tens of thousands of fugitive negroes were living already—Canada must be had for the beet anti-slavery and really Republican reasons. If the Moxaos doctrine was to hold good for the South, it must hold good for the North too. Hence men who should have been wiser and more scrupulous have talked too often and too long about possessing a country which does not belong to them. All this, however, would have been mere moon shine then, as the talk about Canada is now, if Canada had been then what it is now. We must remember how lately it is that a thorough good understanding existed between the great Liberal party in the colony and the mother country. Long after there was a great Liberal party there, and long after it had apparently obtained good govern ment, it believed that it was out of favour at home, and that it was cheated in practice of the benefits which had been granted in theory. There was perhaps no season of deeper despair in Canada than that in which the people of both races found themselves little the better for the reformed methods of government, and regarded as disloyal, while the confidence of the home Govemment was given to the minority who had kept their liberties out of their hands to the last minute. While such were the terms on which the colony and the mother country were living, it was natural that the A mericans should speculate on the disgust and disappointment of the great majority of the people of Canada. Their mistake has been in rot observing the effects of constitutional government from the time of its having fair play, and of the citizens being satisfied that their political lot was in their own hands. The commercial classes in Canada had other grievances when they felt the first effects of free trade, before the Navigation Laws were repealed. In the English market they were beaten by the Ameri cana, weighted as they were with heavy freighe ; and in the American markets they were met by protective duties ; so that they suffered at both ends of their line of traffic, while their neighboum were profiting by the new free trade from which they were excluded. This was a strong bribe to them to place themselves under the same system which was apparently enriching the Americans. At the same time immigrants were pouring into the United States in preference to Canada, stimu lating jealousy on the one hand and emulation On the other. At sue!: a juncture there were no doubt 1 many Canadians disposed to listen to invitations to enter the Republic, and things were then said which are quoted now by Americans, and received by hearers who have not kept up with the march of events, and have never been told how the Ca nadians enjoy their virtual independence and self • government. The Reciprocity Treaty, however, turned the fortunes of Canadian trade long ago ; and the repeal of the Navigation Laws fairly opened the European market to the colonists. They and the mother country are on a good under standing. Their self-government has been im proving, while that of the United States has been deteriorating through the evil influences of slavery; and only discontented and belted partisan leaders now revert to the old proposal of trying Republican institutions at the cost of merging the existence of Canada in that of a Republic now suffering under a more formidable adversity than Canada ever knew. No honest statesman, who is careful to under stand what he speaks of, can henceforth pretend to believe that Canada is disloyal to England, or envious of the United States. The loss of primary liberties on the American aide has been even greater than the gain of free government on the Canadian. Any implication with slavery, such as has always existed in the United States, and has been much aggravated within twenty years, is thoroughly odious to the Canadians. It must be (long before the progressive prosperity of the Ite- 1 public can be restored, while present events indi cate a turn of the tide of immigration into Canada. It is also far from agreeable to the colonists to be spoken of as • prey which the Republic can appro priate at pleasure ; and they resent the assumption that they must be willing to merge their political existence, as soon as invited, in • system as yet vitiated by an evil which spoils its working, and which must break up the constitution, as well as the rnion, before it can be got rid of. The English race in Canada are as pleased as the Americans to work out their own political course. When American statesmen and Ameri can citizens perceive this, as they soon will, there will then be an end of the insults to England, to Canada, and to the good sense and up right principle of the American people which aspirants to the Presidentship and unscrupulous party orators still venture to utter, for the pur pose of gaining over the vanity of the young nation to their interest. Meantime, even such • alight review of the wrongs and reliefs of Canada within the memory of our own generation may serve to account for the strange audacity and wrongheaded ness with which • politician and an agitator here and there still undertakes to answer for the will and the destinies of the free and loyal people of Canada. CU Court. OSBORNE, Dec. Z. The Prince of Wales, attended by Major-General the 800. R. Bruce and Captain Grey, arrived at Osborne yesterday afternoon, from Windsor Cud'. The Duke of Brabant and the Count of Flanders accom panied the Prince of Wales. They were attended by Count de Limy and Major Burnell. Their Royal Highnesses will leave Osborne to-morrow for the Continent. The Prince of Wales remains at Osborne. The Queen had some hours' sleep last night, and in tranquil this morning. The Duke of Newoutle has left tows on a visit to the Earl of Clarendon, at his seat, The 61 . 07114 Watford. According to previous arrangement a solemn religious 'orrice wu held at Berlin on Mooday at the chapel of the English Ministry, in the Monbijon Palace, on the occasion of the death of the Prince Consort of England. The Crown Princess attended, accompanied by the King and Queen, and there were also present the Prince and Princess Charles, the Prince and Prince's Frederic Charles, the Issodgrarine of Heme-Philippatlud-Flarchfeld, the Primness Alexandrine, Princes Albrecht (son), George, and Adalbert, Prince An. mien of Wertentherg, Prince William of Baden sad Duke William of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Prince and Princess Itadsiwiil, Field.biarthal von Wrangel, the Town Com mandant (Lieut.• General von Alveneleben), Adjuteuste Generals von Alvenaleben and von Manteuffel, the Ministers of State and the members of the diplomatic norm, General Sentinel, of the English service, and several high court officials. After the service their Majesties conducted the Crown Princess back to her palace. The Marquis and Marchioness of Exeter have loft Grosvenor-square for Burghley Hall. Stamford. The Earl and Countess of LichSaid are expected la tows in a few days ham Shugborough Park. Sta ff ord. - . _ _ _. Lsdy Franklin, the widow of the great Arctic navigator, has been visiting the Sandwich Islands, in the Penile Ocean. F. Perkins, Seq., the mayor of Southampton, hoe given this Christmas fifty tons of coals to the poor, ► supply of tea sod sugar to the inmates of the almshouses, sad of muff sad tobacco to the inmates of the workhouse is that town. The inmates of the jail sad debtors' prison wore also regaled with a dinner of roast beef and plum-pud din on Christmas-day ►t his worship's expense. Some Sue specitneun of musk, blackwoutl, myrtle, tad other Tasmanian woods adapted for cabinet work, are oo their way to the great Intern►tional Exhibition In London. When the lad mail left Australia, the Great Es hibitioa of specimens of the productions and maanfactures of Victoria had been opened at Melbourne. In order to give an idea of the quantity of gold which had been ex truded from the colony, sad which amounted at that time to upwards of twenty4ix million ounces, or 1,498 cubic feet, • pyramid of light metal, with gilt facing, was about to be pot in the exhibition. The base is 9 feet square, and 24 feet high, sad from this will spring • pyramid 48 feet in height. The aboweessatiesed quantity of gold would form • solid pyramid of such dimensions. Thu Northern Iniy points out the disadvantages of a title :—" Sterne bad (or professed to have) a theory that cam's thwarters were determined by their names. We as helimed to think there is something in it. U Mr. Smith O'Brien had been only Mr. Smith, and not Mr. O'Brien. we should probably have had no Ballinprry, and the peace of 1848 would not have been disturbed. If the O'Donoghue of the Glens were Mr. Brown or Mr. Tompkins, he would pondbly be as foolish as he is low ; but his folly would Mks some other form. But such a title is not to be thrown away. To be called 'the pliant yotieg chieftain' by the Horning Nun —Smith or Jones could not be '• gallant young chieftain'—and to be corn. pared with that more illustrious definite article, 'The too much for • head not naturally vary strong. 'The O'Donogbue's ' name has been his ruin." THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 26, 1861. POLTTZCHNIO INSTITUTION. By the favour of Mr. Pepper an opportunity was afforded at Tuesday evening to a limited number of visitors of witnessing the Chnstmas entertainments which have been prepared et the Polytechnic Institution for the amassment or instruction of the holiday keepers. These ineinds-1. A sew lecture by Professor Pepper on light. 2. "Beam is America," from the beautiful series of photo. pads' by Mr. Bogland, photographist to the London Stereoscopic Company. 3. A Comic Pantomime. 4. The wonderful Russian cat, performing birds, and comic dein dims of Professor Loped*. 5. The Garibaldi bellhop's. 6. " TIM Steps in Science," a lecture by Mr. King. 7. Dismaying views of navies, dockyards and irou-clad war 11.41111001111. & " The Iron Age," a lecture on rifled cannon, by Professor Pepper. 10. The great Christmas tree, with dlatributioo of ornament., toys, he. Hare surely is an ample bill of fare to captivate thiChrist mas sight-seer ; but that which will prove most attractive in it will undoubtedly be the t7onsic Pantomime of Mark t/min and Mother Goose; or, Me Golden E,u. This is Me Christmas novelty, and very clever and laughable it k In its way. The pantomime open with a portrait of Grimaldi, who made the story of Mother Goose so popular in his day. All the ample optical resources of the establishment are brought to bear on the elucidation of the story ; and io order to give it the necessary life and movement, the Phan tasmagoria apparatus of Mr. Child, with its wonderful shadow affects, is brought into operation. What has been always the difficulty of optic.' representations—that of im parting to them dramatic action-Ims been surmounted with codiderable BOOMS, for there is scarcely a moment lost either in the action or change of scene, and the spectator is hurried on without the opportunity of wearisomesess to the close of the entertaintocot. Mr. Cooper dose the chorus for the pantomimic characters, and sings those re nowned Urimsidian songs of "Tippitiwitchet" and " Hot Codling," while Master Sanders sings that of " The Cabin Boy." The American scenes, from that of " the Broad way" to " Montreal." including the wonderful scesery alms the St. Lawrence, will be much admired, and prove attractive at the present time, while Mr. Pepper's Isolate on light will open out those wonderful speculations in ter. restrial and stellar chemistry which have originated in the experiments of Bunsen and Kirchhoff. Altogether a visit to this institutiou will amply repay the outlay of time and ▪ y. THE EXHIBITION or 1802.—A dub has been formed at Sudbury to enable the working population of that town to visit the gnat international exhibition of next year. The club will receive deposite at the rate of not leas thee 3d. per week for • siegle twket, and children under 12 years of aslgee 2d. per week ; and it is expected that not only will osasidsssble resources be thus collected, but that peat advantages will min be derived in regard to railway fans sad accommodation 1 town from the priociple of organisa tion. The mayor Kr. & Higgs) bee handsomely offered ls. each to the first MO toed Rdc working men who subscribe. A similar club has been formed at Stosmarket and one or two other places in the eastern counties. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. ROME AND NAPLES. The Papal Budget of expenses for 1862 is offi cially stated at ten millions of scudi (53,000,0001 r.) fora population of 500,000 souls. This heavy sum is chiefly owing to the cost of the Papal army, which consists of 10,000 men, being, to the popula tion as Ito 500. The same proportion applied to France would give an army of 1,800,000 men. A letter from Rome of the 17th has the follow- Mg : Chiavone is here seder the surveillance of the Frisch police, and consequently unable to make any more in =unions on the territory of Victor Emmanuel. There was a rumour last week that the famoua chief had been arrested at Home and loaded with chains. Some person would have it, on the contrary, that he had escaped from the vigilance of the French polies, and rejoined his old corn. pinions in arms. It is now known for certain that Chiavone has not left Rome, nor is he in chains. He is in a house known to the French and Roman gendarmerie, rendered quite powerless to serve the reactionist party, but, at the same time protected by the French police. What his future fortune may be we cannot may, but there is good reason to think that his career as chief of • band is over, at least for some time to coma While Chiavone thus disappears from the scene, the French government strictly enforces respect for the sea trility of the Pontifical territory, and prevents the states of the Holy See from becoming a hotbed of troubles and re actionary conspiracies. This determination of the French government is so evident that the Onerratore Romano, alluding to the subject in an article entitled " What Pied mont wants of France," demands that the principle of intervention, claimed by Piedmont, shall be respected in the struggle which the Neapolitans maintain against their new masters. France does not intervene beyond the limits of the Roman territory; she violates no principle, but her army of occupation spares no effort to preserve the French government from absurd reproaches, and to prevent al' kind of intervention from whatever quarter it might proceed. AUSTRIA. A letter from Vienna of the 20th states : Stupor and consternation—there are no other words which can describe the impression produced by the sad revelations of our Minister of Finance. It is well proved that the din. estrous campaign of 1859 not only cost us one of oar finest previa:ea, but caused a deficit of 200 minima of twins; that the following year, 1860, red the present one, that is to say, two years of armed peace have led to a deficit, the former of 65 millions and the latter of 1091 millions, and that for next year it is estimated in round numbers at 110 millioes. What would it then be if from the footing of armed peace we were obliged to pass to that of war. It is thus that we may sum up the statement which has been laid before the Chamber by the minister. The two items the most expen sive for the State—the army with the navy, and the public debt—figure in the expenses one for 108 millions and the other for 106, making together 214 millions, or more than two-thirds of the receipts for 1862, estimated at 296 i mil lions. What is the most desolating in all this is that the heed which points out to us the wound, does not indicate the remedy to be applied to it. Apropos of the discustion on the law for the protection of the privacy of letters, the Vienna Press gives the following particulars respecting the organisation of the Austrian "Black Cabinet" : Originally letters were to be opened only in those spatial elm which the cypher cabinet in the Foreign-office notified to the proper "lodgiste," after permission granted to that effect. What sin " lodgists" ? the reader may sek. They are subordinates in the postal service, independent of their superiors, and placed, even without the latter suspecting it, in the most important post-offices, by the Minister for Foreign Affairs, expressly for the purpose of opening sas peeled letters. They take a special oath before the president of the cypher cabinet, and receive extra pay out of the secret service money. The place to which one or more of these functionaries are attached is called a "lodge," end the whole of the lovely institution—a new and improved edition of the Black Cabinet as it was in Bach's time—is copied from the French pattern. In Bach's time the foreign and home ministries and the police long contended for the command over this interesting lodge service. 1/ we are not mistaken, the Ministry of Police was the victor in this contest ; more recently, however, the lodge has again become one of the attributions of the Foreign-office. Of all the lodges, that of Vienna is, for obvious reasons, the moat important and the busiest of all; but those of Verona and Venice also do a good stroke of work, sod the names of the lodgista in the mown lands that enjoy their services are only known to the respective governors and directors of police. The business of the lodgist is this : he is to open letters directed to certain addresses which are indi cated to him, or the letters of certain persons without re gaol to the address, and he is either to copy those letters or deliver the originals to the governor. The opening of letter without leaving a trees of the operation requires not only very special implements, but also a very skilful band. The operation can only be performed in the post-office, and it must be done in such a scanner that it shall be quite un known to the other employes, that the delivery of the letters to the persons addressed shall suffer no delay, and that they shall not be able to detect any token of the letters having been opened. When • governor wants to know the contents of • letter sot previously denounced, be applies by telegraph to the cypher cabinet in Vienna ; and the latter, with the assent of the higher powers, sends him the requisite authority. It is not to be wondered at if the con duct of this sort of business is a good deal marked with c ,price, and if badly opened letters are destroyed instead of being sent to their addresses sealrd with the official seal. It often happens that a poet director, or even the ministry to which the postal service belongs, has no conception of the nature of the lodges and the functionaries who offer wri tes. in the form of opened letters to the secret all knowingness of the government. It has even happened to functionaries of this class to be dismissed for purloining letters, because they were prevented by the special oath they had taken from clearing themselves of the charge. They do not lose their breed for all that. thire has ►lways been taten that these prieste of the state mysteries shall have a handsome allowance for life out of the secret service money. The well-known prohibition against the sealing of letters with letter-marks, which make the opening so diffi cult, may have been issued not upon financial, but simply upon heigistic grounds. WIIRTEMBERG. The Chamber of Nobles of Wurtemberg, the catholic members of which abstained from taking soy part in the discussion, ban abolished the Concordat concluded with Rome on the 21st December, 1867. Although the minority of the Chamber of Nobles introduced into the new law some clauses which were rejected by the Chamber of Deputies, the vote, according to the Cuurrier du !PIA-Rhin, must be considered as "a victory of the spirit of the nineteenth coutury over the tendencies end the pretensions of religious domi nation revived from tunes which henceforth belong to history." (=ma's ITALY. TURIN, Dre. 25. The Court bas gone into mourning for his late Royal Highness the Prince Consort. L'italia states that the negotiations for the entry of Signor de Martino into the Ministry have fallen through. PORTUGAL. LIMON, Doc. 22, EVZNING. The King has taken the oath to the Constitution in a srcial session of the Cortes On this occa sion his Majesty spoke feelingly of his brother's death. Lisbon is illuminated, and great enthusiasm prevails among the inhabitants. LISBON, Die. 23. The royal levee which was to have taken plaoe to-day has been postponed on aooonnt of the Prinoe Consort's funeral. The malady from which Prince Joao is suffer ing is gastric fever. LISBON, Dir. 25. Prince Joao has reosived the last sacraments. LISBON, Mc. 17. (Per Tagus vii Southampton.) In consequence of a telegram received from Count Lavradio, annnouncing the death of the Prince Con sort, the proclamation of King Louis I. has been postponed. The British merchants at Lisbon have held a meeting to protest against the extra taxation levied under the new law. The Duke of Saldanha's health is improving, and it is expected that he will soon appear in public. A marriage has been arranged between the daughter-in-law of the Duke of Saldanha and the Marquis de Pomba]. A funeral service for the repose of the soul of the late King has been celebrated at the Church of St. Vincent The royal family and many of the nobility were present. The Trent question is still discussed by the Por tuguese newspapers. The Joarmal do Commercio coincides with the opinions of the English jurisoonsults. The weather is stormy, and much damage has been done to the shipping along the coast of Portugal. COIOIERCIAL INTELLIGENCE, Exchange on London, 63i ; on Paris, 682. Rentes, Three per Cents., 481 ; Coupons, 48} ; Deferred, 42. The prices of wines are likely to fall in conse quence of this year's vintage. AMERICA. NEW YOBS, Dec. 13, EMININO. (Per City of Baltimore, AA Queenstown.) The European advice* brought by the Hansa to New York are generally interpreted by the New York press as favourable to the maintenance of peace between England and America. The New York journals publish some further diplomatic correspondence between Mr. Adams and Mr. Seward. In this correspondence Mr. Adams states that, while in conversation with Earl Russell in June last, be referred to the fact of British troops having been sent to Canada. Earl Russell replied that as Canada had been de nuded of troops some time since it was only a proper measure of precaution, and said that he did not know what the United States might do. Earl Russell also said some thing about a threat uttered by Mr. Seward to Lord Lyons, that British vessels would be seized on Lake Ontario without ceremony. President Lincoln has refused to furnish Congress at present with the correspondence between the Federal government and foreign powers relative to the Mexican intervention. Five hundred Federals will immediately occupy Tybee Island. A government agent has been appointed to super intend the packing of cotton by the aid of negroes in the neighbourhood of Beaufort. According to advices from Kentucky, the Fede rals have destroyed the bridges between Bowling• green and Memphis. Vessels from Southern porta continue to arrive at Havannah. Federal accounts state that Fort Pickens was unhurt in the late engagement, but that Warrington and part of the Pensacola Navy Yard were burnt. A despatch from Fortress Monroe announces that a large fire bad broken out in Charleston, which was supposed to be the work of incendiaries. Several public buildings had been destroyed. The New York Beraki states that agents from the Mexican government have arrived at New York, for the purpose of fitting out privateers to prey upon French, English, and Spanish merchant vessels. It appears very probable that an engagement will soon take place in Kentucky. The Canada journals report considerable activity throughout Canada in organising the militia and volunteers. The Europa passed Cape Race on the 13th Dec., but was not iutereepted. The British gunboat Landrail and the Swedish frigate Lorkoopingbam had arrived at New York. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Money easy. Exchange very firm, at loch to 1091 ; stocks fiat." New York Central. 771 ; Erie, 31} ; Illinois Central, 60k. Cotton very firm. Sales during the last two days, 6,600 bales ; Mid dling Upland, 34c. to 3&. Flour dull. Wheat quiet, and prices drooping. Corn in good demand for export. Provisions quiet. Coffee very firm. Sugar steady. Molasses quiet. NEW YORK, Dre.l Errsixo. (Per North American by and via LondttrrPyh)tc Portland An engagement has taken place iu Western Vir ginia, iu which the Feder&la are reported to have been aucceeduL COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. Stocks firmer. Cotton tending upwards : mid dling Upland, 35c. THE BOMBAY MAIL SOUTHAMPTON, Dec. 26. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Ellora, with the above mail, has arrived here. She brings 24 passengers, 168 cheats of dates, 78 boxes oranges, 986 bales of silk, 9 cases of shawls, and 115 packages merchandise. In the Mediterranean the Ellora experienced strong westerly winds, with heavy rains. The weather in crossing the Bay of Biscay was mode rate and fine, with a heavy N.B. swell. Off Cape St. Vincent the Ellora spoke the Ada steamer, steering S.E., and on the 23rd, off Vigo, the company's steamer Indus. The Ellora brings home the master, mate, and seven of the crew of the Caroline, of Newcastle, which vessel sprang a leak and sank on the 14th inst., iu lat. 46.50 N., and long. 9.3 W. The men were taken off her on the 14th inst. by the Austrian brig Finmano, and landed at Gib raltar. Three of the crew were drowned. A telegram had been received at Gibraltar, ordering off her Majesty's ship Algiers. It is believed that she will proceed westward to guard the Straits against the entrance of any North American privateers. Her Majesty's frigates Liffey and Melpomene were to sail from Gibraltar for North America on the 21st. The Mooltan arrived at Gibraltar on the 18th instant. Exchangea and freights at Gibraltar remain un altered. The Nationale of Naples states that on the night of tee 12th a cantata of carkincers and eight mounted men fell in near F in the province of Capitante, with six teen brigands oo k. Being challenged by the latter. the captais e.plisd, Friends," and mingled with his men among them. " a while, however, the brigands dis covered the stratagem that bad been practised upon them, Lot too late ; taken by surprise, three of them were killed, and the others made their escape, leaving their horses and arms behind. The three deal bodies were afterwards ex posed to public view for a whole day on the marketplace et Foggia, to see whether anyone could reoognise them. In their pockets cheques were found, one to the amount of 1,000 ducat. in favour of a Signor Francon', and another of 2,000 for the Brothers Barone. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (Mid OUR OWS 0011111111 . 0XDrifi.) PAILS, WILDNILIDAY EVININO. The Dibats, whose good luck and good judgment in keeping clear of warnings has hitherto been the wonder of its admiring and envious contemporaries, has now at last got one,by way of a Christmas-box, from M. de Persigny. The Minister of the Interior thinks it necessary to take under Lis protection M. Troploug's solemn platitudes about the "glorious constitution of 1862." Nothing can be more true than the description given of it in Professor Saint Marc Girartlin's sarcastic sentence :—" If we were to discuss with M. Troploug about the fundamen tal principles of the constitution of 1852, we should perhaps be led to say, with the assent of very many people, that the most fundamental principle of the constitution of 1852 is the Emperor, and that it is the illusion of a jurisoonsult overestimating the im portance of the text before Lis eyes, to think that it is the empire which supports the Emperor and not the Emperor which supports the empire." This mere truism is held by M. de Persigny to be "factious," and written with the intention of "shaking faith in the strength and durability of our institutions." I don't think that faith will be strengthened by M. de Persigny's warning. Nor will the public be more likely to forget, or less likely to adopt, M. Saiut-Mare Girardin's compendious criticism, on account of the attention called to it by this official denunciation. The "constitution" is in reality a provoking mis nomer, a bad joke, a shallow sham, a riddle not worth guessing. The Emperor himself is evidently hampered by, and half ashamed of it. He got frightened last year at his own isolation, and made the memorable confession, "my government wants control." All his acts since, to which he owes increased popularity at home and diminished distrust abroad, have been in derogation of that constitution, which the courtiers who framed it now cry up as an ark of salvation, too sacred to be touched. They do their master au ill service in provoking the recollection of the fact that this constitution was voted at the point of the bayonet, and under a reign of terror. So far from there being anything factious in the Debate' arti cle, it is in spirit a commendation of the Emperor's government as it is now going on, and the passage " incriminated" (that is M. de Persigny's own word) points only to M.Trop long, and obstructivea such as he, who do their best to prevent such reforms as may in time endow France with institutions not depending exclusively on the prestige of the Emperor's name, and under which a great and free people might be content permanently to live. It is stated that a passage in M. Fould's speech, in which he expressed an opinion that a minister who might be blamed by the Corps Legislatif for having made a bad exercise of the droit de electrical could no longer hold office, was struck out of the Mouiteur, on account of iM conveying an approba tion of that parliamentary doctrine of " minis terial responsibility," which ultra-imperialists abhor. You know that a " fundamental prin ciple" of the constitution of 1832 is that ministers are responsible only to the Emperor—just like his groom or his footman. - Cardinal Mathieu, who distinguished himself by giving a solitary vote against theSenaiusConsultutn, is the eccentric prelate, who, being some time ago called upon to bless the engines of a new railway, took the opportunity to inveigh against steam and electricity as diabolic inventions ; one of the engines, breaking away accidentally, " hissed" his speech and provoked great laughter. A Mons. Peign6, author of a "Dictionary of France," puts a rather embarassing question in a, letter to the papers, to the gentlemen who manage the censorship of the press. The Muniteur said on 1 1 December 22 that the object of the legislature in constituting the commission of colportage, was to protect the "religious, mural, and political inte rests" of the country. " That being so," says M. Peign6, " I want to know what right the committee had to prevent my selling my dictionary as they have done, on the ground that I use an I ' in certain names of places where they would use a Y' I write Cambray, Douai, Nanci, Aveiron instead of Cambray, Donay, Nancy, Aveyron. My system may be wrong, although I am prepared to defend it, but at all events I should like to be I told which of the three great interests placed 1 1 under the guardianship of the commission I have attacked ?" There is certainly no legal answer to be given to 31. Peigutrs question. A slight shock of an earthquake was felt in the evening of December 20, at Nice, Draguignan, and other places iu the south of France. This being Christmas-day there is no Bourse, and several of the journals do not appear. THE PENINSULAR MAIL PLYMOUTH, Dec. 25. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Tagus, Captain W. B. Hull, with tho usual Penin sular mails on board, in charge of Comm-nder Robert Jenner, R.N., put in at Plymouth this morning short of coal, through the wea ther she had experienced, and proceeded to the Great Western Docks, where she lauded her mails and a part of her passengers ; and having taken on board 40 tons of coal left again at 4 p.m. for Southampton. She left Lisbon on the 17th inst., and Vigo on the 18th. From Lisbon to Vigo she expe rienced fine light winds and calms—from Vigo to the Channel a terrific gale from the E.N.E., attended with tremendous seas. She suffered no damage, but her progress was so much delayed that her usual voyage to England of four days was prolonged to eight days. She will thus only reach Southampton on the 26th inst., one day before she will again be due to proceed on the next outward passage. Her cargo consists of specie to the value of 1,4251. ; 1,010 boxes and 35 quarter boxes of Lane rims, 240 boxes of eggs, and a few small casks of wine, with packages of sundries. She brings 18 p.mengers, among whom are the mem bers of a Portuguese special embassy, consisting of his Excellency Dom Manuel Camara, chamberlain to the King of Portugal ; Dom Sampayo e Pins, aide-de-camp to the King of Portugal ; Viscount de For, aide-de-camp to the Prince Regent, and their suite, bearing an autograph letter of condo lence from the King of Portugal to her Majesty the Queen upon her late bereavement. The mails and the members of the Portuguese Embassy left Plymouth by the 12.40 train foe Loudon. The Tagus left at Lisbon the usual Portuguese squadron, with their flags half-mast high for the deceased Prim* Consort, and the English gunboat Handy, bound to Lagos. On Tuesday, at 1.30 p.m., the Tagus exchanged colours with a Bremen brigantine heating up Chan nel, and showing No. 462 ; and at 3.30 p.m. on Tuesday she sighted a large English steam-frigate standing S.W., supposed to be the Orlando. The Emperor of the French has salved to establish, at St. Germain, a Celtic and Gallo-Rama museum, for the reception of Celtic and Galtlish weapons, vessels, ornaments, utensils, and inscriptions, which are every year discovered in abundance. fhe journal du Harm alleges that the new King of Madagascar has manifested to Father Jean, a missionary and a particular friend of his Majesty, his intention to be come a Homan catholic.