The Express. — London, England, 1861-05-20 00:00:00

010. WITH AND MN PIIRI EXTRACT - or - biCvss' FEET, 'fur Invalids _• Cidleery Una Slid la 111.,4 . St. and 42. parties& by all sitsuilsta 'nem, Re 111ANCYALTIOWY. 2S. LITTLIIIPOSMANDOI.. isgint,si. W. .OYB2III HYDROSTATIC TIA and COFFZI PTALULAToIt —1 to 100.1030 ea" woes am la • isoutool Oroot goyim. MOOS Wit Prams Oa Pnepocsas wet f...—i. 011 . 1 . 13 .205 t. IS. Caelleal+traot. LC. S ECOND-HAND PIANOFORTES. MOM, BULK sni On awe • aye sessrlesen et opseminnal In•atusiss. by the non esnessee anon le rune nand pass. -11% aspeaminsit. Tht enireoo. 10 00111111101NTIL Idoorthowowbo blembil be "The Limos " Leedom Ibsen raw, wo4 be el tie elle. lib, lioovorlwattoot, by Two York oe tbe dep elyellfreebea. IRA t 1 NATULIT. TIM r V1C41114, BLAME surir. %lowa Backskee, Coatgokm. Vllhan. an.l Mn. C. Vaunt. Mrs. Wilkins, Mrs. Cor. l'..peter. arul Mks Lovell —And TIM MILLI& AND lit S. el 7. PiMICIPProk Int. KY 0111110, TRILICI KAMM Nr. Mon soll Mw Le. le r% - %sad RA ULM% Mews. Ryder. law n% Wilma. 1 ens. Weems. afti !Wm ; Miss anyway and MI. Heath. lialTarrta. Tars Comm Ear mamma& Ikniorra W. Cranford IL Varecid. awl It law by Mr. M. M. Isithrea AAA Mr M. liploory.-1(11 MYIRILL IinVOSIIIIL Mimi. Jacobs WM* LAM Weeder.—Aad ZINGAULLA. Mrs. L Runner. WWI WATER AT 105101 ARID= TWO DAT -4118wais WA Ilia.— Ahommeas. IC4I. an TthEWWW—WwWwi Lis lim .... Mumma. WA BD& LONDON, MONDAY, MAY 20. THe interests of Literature and its professors have deed rather prominently before the public eye just lately. The Dec D'Aeuata's speech at the Literary Fund Dinner was well worth listening to. We were well disposed to hear about the appreciation of literature from a member of a great nation which differs widely from us in its view of the place which literature should hold in the can didature fur social honours. All that the French Prince told us was full of interest ; and perhaps it might be equally interesting to a company of his countrymen to hear from a contented English author why political office and social rank are not with us among the rewards of literary effort. We occasionally hear a lamentation that it is not so, it is true. Now and then a wail is uttered that, while distinguished authors in France and Ger many become office-holders and pensioners, no such patronage is accorded to them in England. But, on the whole, we seem to be satisfied that it is better am it is. Englishmen believe that literary pursuit of any high order requires all a mans powers, exercised without disturbance and distraction. We believe that to give political office to an author is to spoil two kinds of work, either of which is cuough for any man. We be lieve that there is no relation between the natural and inevitable rewards of intellectual service—the fame and influence which great authors enjoy— and the arbitrary recompenses awarded by patron age from any quarter. We believe that great authors are not ennobled by rank, nor distinguished by titles, nor enriched by pensions, nor blessed by being taken from their natural work to do some thing quite different, however fair an object of ambition the poet may otherwise be. An English author would pine in any State office, and long for the quiet of his study. He would be irritated by the forms and tone of Court life, and sigh for the freedom and busy leisure of retreat. We do not want peerage., and secretaryships, and diplomatic stations for our author. ; nor do they desire them for themselves ; though one or another may occasionally ask with some discontent, what we do for our intense,- tual noblemen, while France and Germany, and now Italy and Hungary, thrust thorn into the fore most positions of honour. Still there is something wanting here. It is not to our credit that the only public acknow ledgment of literary service should be in the form of charity, however delicate end noble, or a patron age so capricious and fortuitous that it discharges the whole element of honour from its gifts. We have the Literary Fund for charitable purposes ; and it is admirable in its way : and we have a small apparatus for pensioning literary and scien tific persons which is a blot on our reputation as a cultivated people. The poor 1,2001. a year which is all that the nation provides for pensions for scien tific and literary service is perhaps as much an annoyance for those who have to dispense it as a vexation and hnmiliatiou to those who par take of it. Nobody has ever been satisfied with that appropriation as far as we have ever heard. Nobody thinks the amount proper, nor the distribution, nor the mode of dis pensation. So much is said to the recipients about the honour of that pension that they feel the more keenly that it is a humiliation. The story of Mr. FARADAY'II morning visit to Lord MILDOCENE will never be forgotten, nor that outspoken Premier's description of those pensions. That story, and whatever else has been said against that small de partment of patronage, has been revived in men's minds by the case of the so-called poet of West moreland, about whom a question wee asked in the House, a week or two since, by Mr. Benue°, the member for Perthshire. Some of our con temporaries have been making themselves merry with this Mr. Cuss's lays, since Lord Psymtaerwir declared him to be "in the same category with " Brume ;"—" not equal to Brain, but in the " same category." The indisputable truth is that Mr. ewer writes doggrel, which would have been disdained for bellman's verses in the last days of the old corporations. He may be "in the same " category with Beans," in as far as that he is " a poor man, with five small children" (though the frontispiece to one of his tracts exhibits a handsome printing-office and circulating library); but, inainnuch as he is not a poet, his case in widely unlike that of Brevet. Yet Lord PaLinsiurros has given him a pension of 501. a year. So much feeling has been excited about this grant that it may be hoped that some good will come out of it. The misapplication of the money is the smallest part of it. h is the insult to literature which is so stratify resented. It is a humiliation to every other reci pient of a literary pension to be placed "in the "saris category" with "the Laureate of the " King of BONNT ;" and it jars upon everybody's feelings to know that the gifts of the Government can be obtained for any impostor or say quack in literature fur whom a certain amount of importu nity is exercised. Mr. genius° promises to renew the inquiry in the House ; and we hope he will, as a means of drawing attention, in some practical way, to these pensions. , - The oini(;us remark is that Lord Pm-mammy is not the person to blame in the ease. A Minister cannot read the literature, nor study the science which springs up while he is busy in his own func tion. Doss this not suggest the question whether the Pruitt Iftworris is therefore the proper souros of such patronage! It is easy to say (what is quite true) that the persons who recommended this Mr. ewes for a pension are the censurable THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, MAY 20, 1861. party. It is true that it would be a great satis faction if they (whoever they may be) were in duced to make up among themselves 501. a year for Mr. CLOSE, that the Government pension might be left for some one of the scholars and literary men who are toiling on in want and dis couragement, after having blessed society by some genuine service. But we want more than repara tion in a particular case of great abuse. We want a better system, if we are to sanction the en couragement of literature at ail. We have (ae does not very often happen) men in the Ministry, two or three, who know what literature is, and how to value it. There is a chance at present of an interval of relief from that insolent levity of patronage with which English Ministers are wont to treat intellectual persons of any other vocation than that of politics ; and it is natural to wish that the occasion should be seized for renovating lour method of national patronage of science and literature. At least some precaution should be taken against an abuse of our petty pension sys tem like that which Lord PALsziorrox has allowed himself to be implicated in. He must, in the first place, take care whom ho trust in such re commendations, and provide some oversight of such claims. No second case of imposture will be pardoned ; and the best use to which the present one could be turned would be a reconsideration of the we of this pension system while Mr. GLAD STONE and Sir G. C. Lewis and Lord Junx RUSS= are in the Government of the country. TIM principal financial feature of the past week has, of course, been the rise in the Bank of England rate of discount from sto 6 per cent. It is recognised that the prospects of the money market have become once more involved in great uncertainty. The chief causes are still those which have disturbed it during the last seven or eight months—our large importations of corn, and the confusion in America. The figures relating to the imports of food have been so fre quently stated in these columns, that it is needless to refer to them further than to remark that they iodinate a large balance of trade against this country, and a probable continuance of that ad verse balance until such time as our home produc tion of food resumes its usual proportion to our consumption. It is out of the question to suppose that the money market can be placed in • really satisfactory position until we are able to dispense with the exception ally increased supplies of foreign grain and flour. The state of the market from the autumn onwards will depend mainly on the result of the coming harvest. Another deficient crop would doubtless be attended with very lamentable eflects both upon trade and finance, whilst an average yield, which is apparently the very utmost that can be hoped for under existing circumstances, would go far towards averting monetary difficulty for the en suing twelvemonths. For commercial men, there fore, the agricultural reports will possess an un• usual degree of interest. But, during the three months which will intervene before the result of the crops will be known with certainty, it is not easy to see how the money market can be other than difficult and sensitive. Causes of perplexity abound on every side. Most important of all is the pressure put upon us by America, where political, social, and com a !mild affairs are alike thrown out of joint. Business is at • standstill ; and the reali sation of their available assets and the accumula tion of ready money form at present the principal aim of the American community. This is • course which has already severely affected us, and which will continue to do so as long as the same causes continue in operation. In less than six months— that is to say, since the 28th of November, when these shipments commenced—we have sent the large sum of 5,800,0001. in specie to America. That boarding is going on in that country is indi cated by the fact that after the absorption of this sum, and of some large amounts drawn from the Continent, as well as of the whole of the heavy consignments of gold which have continued to come forward to New York with the usual regularity from California, we can trace an addition of less than five millions sterling to the stock of the precious metal in the banks at that city and elsewhere.' Hoarding is an inevitable consequence of social confuion, to say nothing of civil war. In the face of a constant fall in the exchange, arguments have been used the drift of which would appa rently be that we shall pay America in the form of rifles and munitions of war for the rest of the grain which we shall need from her. In some of our midland districts the orders premed by the agents of the contending American Governments have unquestionably given an impulse to certain branches of industry • but who ever heard of an adverse balance of tr ade being redressed in such a fashion f Munitions of war, we fear, will go but a small way towards liquidating our debt to Ame rica for corn and flour. Supposing even that we undertook the entire task of arming a quarter of a million of men, what proportion would its cost bear to that of providing, if only partially, for the daily sustenance of 36,000,000 f No one can doubt for a moment that the real cause of the fall in the New York exchange to 104, announced last week, and upon which the Bank of England have acted, is the grain movement. Again : we see the argu ment used that, under the distrust inspired by the existing civil dissensions, capital will flow from America for investment in safety here. Isolated transactions of this kind will doubtless be effected by individuils, but to imagine that there will be any displacement of capital of sufficient Importance to obviate the pressure from which we are now suffering, seems to be • very unsafe view indeed. It is most unlikely that the investments by Ame ricans in our comparatively high-priced English securities will amount to a tithe of the English investments in the wretchedly depreciated Ame rican securities. Had the Americans • superabundance of capital to dispose of, they might, of course, transfer it for investment here. But how does the case stand 1 Why have they thrown down the prices of their securities to so serious an extent ? Simply because, in their present condition, they do not want securities at all, but capital in its most available form. A severe fall in prices in their stock markets is one means of attracting capital from the foreigner. Hereafter we shall probably realise large profits upon these investments, for, as soon as the pre sent troubles have panned away, the Americans will buy back from us at high prices the securities which, for their immediate accommodation, they are now transferring to us at low ones ; but for the present the effect of these transactions is un questionably to increase the amount of the balance against us. We cannot help thinking that the public have been a good deal misled of late by the hasty ooncluaiows which have been laid before them on these aad kindred matters. For example: no longer ago than the 6th inst. a leading contemporary observed As one of the latest telegrams received this " afternoon announces that the rate of exchange " had receded to 105/, that stocks were still " failing, and that communication was cut off and " business entirely suspended, many personswill be " " disposed to apprehend another heavy drain of " gold from this side and further serious injury to " all departments of trede. These alarms, how -1 " ever, will subside with a little examination." Ile then went on to remark that:—" The usual " consequences of war are the impoverishment of " a country from its expenses being greater than " the income from its productions ; but if, on the " contrary, we are now to see it attended by a 1 1 " steady augmentation in metallic wealth and a " consequent plethora in the money market, " the anomaly will be presented of a State " increasing in financial solidity in the 1 " midst of devastation." And the conclusions at which he arrived were emphatically pointed as follows :—" In every way, therefore, the conclu " lion is forced upon us that, so far from the pre " sent rush of events being calculated to draw " away our means and bring embarrassment on " the London money market, it is likely to have " a directly opposite result." Now, how does it happen that our means hare already been drawn away, and that, in less than a fortnight after these remarks were penned, embarrassment has again been brought on the London money market ? Simply because, as we believe, insufficient allow ance has been made for the great effects which must inevitably attend the utter dislocation of affairs in America, at a moment when, as the largest purveyor of grain, she can almost at plea sure command specie from us. From this cause, America holds really the strings of the specie movement in her hands. It is unnecessary to say that under present circum stances, when hundreds of thousands of men have quitted their reproductive occupations to stand in armed idleness or to engage in actual conflict, 1 1 there can be no augmentation in the wealth of America. Impoverishment, to use our contempo rary's own word, will be the result of a prolon gation of the present state of affairs ; but what will be the consequence of that impoverishment Assuredly not a transfer of American capital to Europe, but, on the contrary, a sustained de mand for capital in America. There will be a de mand for the purposes of war, which has a far more voracious maw than commerce. To attract foreign capital, which is needed for the equipment and movement of troops, as well as to satisfy the instinct to hoard, there will be a pres sure upon us as long as the contest lasts. The faster America wastes capital in war the greater will be her demand for it and the higher the terms she will bid for it. At present she is offer ing her securities and her corn cheap. At the same moment each of the contending Governments has been bidding high for loans. These inruca tions, it is true, do not point at present to abbe late impoverishment, because America, after her fine crops, possesses great resources; but it is quite evident that that country is still an absorber and not a yielder of capital, and that she is likely to retain that attitude. Complaints of the dulness of trade continue to be received from the majority of the manufac turing districts. There is a decidedly slack de mand for most kinds of oommodities, both for home consumption and exportation. The returns of railway traffic are beginning to show the effects. The hopes inspired by the improvement in the weather are checked by the tightness in the money market and by the absence of the usual demand for goods for America. THE EMPRESS OF AUSTRIA AT MALTA. (TRON 001 OWN COILINSPONDENT.) MALTA, MAT' IS. On the evening of the 13th, the royal yachts Victoria and Albert and Osborne arrived with the Empress of Amitria and suite, from Palma, which she left on the previous Saturday evening. During the voyage she hal a ma& chopping, uncomfortable sea. Limy isiepiialise bed base mode at Malta to receive the bowers is • manure suitable to her reek. Guards of homier and troops to line the streets were all ready. As she entered the port the ships and feria tired • royal salute, and the authorities, as soon as the vowel anchored, waited on her Majesty. The principal street and the square in front et the palace soon became crowded with persona anxious to see the Empress, who, they concluded, would im. mediately laud and visit the palace ; but —an ex traordinary thing for Malta—the weather was foggy sad damp, and shortly after dusk it became known that the Empress would not land that night, and the officers of the staff, and the aide-de-camps in their gay uniforms, who had been riding about in at excited state, returned to their quarter's. The next morning. the 14th, the weather wee toe, and the street and the palace square, shortly after eight o'clock, were crowded with spectators, as it was understood the archbishop had solicited the Empress to attend mass in the chapel of her nation, in the Cathedral of St. John's— that beautiful church, built by the grand masters, in which there is a chapel for each of the right into which the order of St. John of 1 .1M2:1 was divided. There was • guard of homy with a band at the palace sad another at the leading-place ; and shortly after eight o'clock his excellency's barge, with part of his staff. went to the royal yacht, again inviting the Empress to land. But it became whispered about that II was not her intention to do so, but to visit one of the sms.d.war and proceed on her vojage about ten ; how ow, to the hopes of seeing her, the spectators still remained lieweled in the streets. After b'eakfast, the Empregs, at landed by all the naval authorities, visited the flagship 'Noy, and at her particular request the men west through the great gun exercise, and loosing and furliog sails. She afterwards pulled round the St. Jean d'Atere. Both ships as she approached manned yards, nod the seamen cheered with two cheers. By the time she left the Liffey the yacht was surrounded with beats with the flits of the island, dressed in their best, anxious to obtain • sight of her Majesty; but she wore close drawn amebae face • very thick veil. Those who were fortunate smash to get • sight of the Empress describe her as very beautiful and graceful, She returned on hosed the yacht after a small pull I. the harbour about half-past 10, when the Governor, lady Le Merchant, their son and daughter, the admiral, sad their staffs, went on board to pay their respects, the Empress receiving them en the quarter deck, and immediately afterwards the yacht proceeded to sea under the usual salutes, the ships manning yards. So the Empress left Malta without landMg on its shores, to the great disap paiebasent of the inhabitants. Every preparation had been made by the Governor to receive her with every mark of respect sad welcome. Just previous to the yacht railing the lica. Caplets Deems took a message to the telegraph Ake from the Tagovas to the Emperor. Mr. Charles Hunnarit has been apprinted Legia bAlve Oeurrillior is Prince Edwirar. Island Mr. Frederick Warm, Legielatire Creamers. at Trinidad ; sad Maws. Donald ' Fiuser, David Cameron, sad Alfred Jobs Lan ky, Councillor' in Vaseouver's Island. DIA= or THIB How. AND Rim. CANON CURT.— We Ilan to announce the death of the Ron. and Rev. Henry Coalmyne Cost, IL A., F.S.A., moon of Windsor, Ise., which event occurred yesterday morning is the cloisters at Windsor Castle. By Br. Cast's death some wassails patronage is placed at the disposal of his great nephew, Earl Brasilia ; but we believe his miaow lapses to the Bealssiestisal Oommissioeers. Tll INDIAN FAMINI RELIZT FUND. —TIIO sub committee met at the Mansion-hover on Shtnrdev, and it was resolved to send 5,000/. by the mil which left for Bom bay no that day. The total amount received is upwards of 95,0007. Amongst the subscriptions received during the day was LOOM. from Sheffield. Tat STILT/IL—The following letter bee been mi dmosd to the rinses by Mr. G. Myers :—"Bir,—l notice in the notes of this day that you siege Meier& Lams employ a greater number of men than are employed at sty establish , moot, and, notwithstanding this, that Um* mei ere suffer ing from ill-treatment and annoyance ea the pert of the men employed by me ; and ftwther,thei eII the yew is my emploemeut are ultra.auionista. I hog most distinstly to deny this, and state, further, theta's,' ere uakeisle in my emplenent only to the extent of easidghtli of the whole nem. her. With regard to the number of mee employed b y lg aisr .. Lam I know nothing, and in referrer to a collision having aseurred between a man in my aryls* sad cue la that of the above firm. I have to nets Mon I have given Mews. Isom every facility is my power, by t he wpm to my works, he, re ,in order that senitres be takes eis that the aggressor, whether be be the Imo etaploved by Messrs. Laces or otherwise, should be dealt with by the eatherities, and the ends of Justice fally earried cesg, /refer shell be greatly obliged by your giving this publicity ha your seat impression. and have the honour to remain, sr, your obedient servant, Gnonos Meese—Lambeth, May 18." Ut Court. The Queen and the Prince Consort left Bucking ham Palace at ten minutes before three o'clock on Saturday afternoon for Osborne, Isle of Wight. Hee Majesty and his Royal Highness were aocompanied by the Princess Alice, Prince Arthur, Prince Leopold, and the Princesses Helena, Louise, and Beatrice. The Royal suite consisted of the :Atchess of Athole, Lady Augusta Bruce, the Hon. Horsti Stopford, Lieutenant-General the Hon. C. Grey, Lai Charles Fitzßoy, and Major Elphinstone. A detachment of Lancers escorted the Queen from the Palace to tho private station at Vauxhall of the South Watern Railway. Her Majesty and the Royal party left by a special train for Gosport. OSBORNE, MAT 19. The Queen and Prince Consort, Princess Alice, Princess Hiene, Princess Louise, Prince Arthur, Prince Leopold, and Princess Beatrice, arrived at Osborne yesterday evening at a qu►rter before seven o'clock. His Grand Ducal Highness Prince Louis of Hesse has also arrived, attended by Baron Westerweller, from the Costineot. The Prince embarked at Ostend in her Majesty's ship Black Eagle last night, and arrived off Osborne this morning. Her Majesty, the Prince Consort, Princess Alice, Princess Helena, Princess Louise, Prince Arthur, and Prince Leopold, attended Divine service this morning at Osborne. The Ladies and Gentlemen in Waiting and the Domestic Household were also present.. The Rev. G. Prothero officiated. Viwount and Viscountess Palmerston left London on Saturday for Brocket Hall. Hada. Her Majesty's Commiaionars for the International Ex hibition of 1862 have appointed the following committee in connection with Claws 5 (Railway plant); 7 (Manufac turing machines and tools); 8 (Machinery in genera]) ; and 10 (awn engineering, architectural, and building contriv ances), in the Exhibition of 1862: The Doke of Sutherland, the Earl of Caithness, John Anderson, Esq., Member of Council Institution of Me chanioal Engineers ; Frederick J. Bnuiwall, Esq., Joseph Cubitt, Esq., Member of Council Institutian of Civil Engineers ; Junes Fenton, Esq., Via- President Institution Mechanical Wingers ; John Fern* Eaq., Member of Gnawed Institution Mechanical Engineers ; Captain Douglas Halton, R.E., Associate Member of Council Institution Civil Engineers ; Thomas Elliot Harri son, Eaq., Member of Council Institution of Civil Engi neers; George Willoughby Hemana, Ent., Member of Council Institution Civil Engineers ; Sampson Lloyd, Esq., Member of Council Institution Mechanical Engineers ; John Robinson Mlllaan, Peg., Vice• President Institution Civil Engineers ; Henry Mandalay, Esq., Vice-President Institu tion Mechanical Engineers ; John Penn, Esq., Past Prig. dent Institution Ifschankial Engineers ; and John Scott Russell, Esq., F.R.S., Member of Council Institution Civil Engineers. Lord Herbert left London on Saturday for his seat Wilton House, Wilts. The Duke of Newcastle left town on Friday evening for kb seat, Clumber Park, Notts. The Chancellor of the Exchequer left London on Satur day for the residence of the Duchess Dowager of Sutherland, Clifton Hones, near Maidenhead. The Right Hon. W. Hutt has left town for Cibside. Despatches were received on Saturday at the Colonial. office from the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands. Despatches were sent to the governors of the North American Provinces, Bermuda, Ceylon, Hong Kong, Labuan, Mauritian, Australia, Malta, and Gibraltar. PORTSMOUTH, MAY 19. Her Majesty the Queen, his Royal Highness the Prince Consort, and the ladies and gentlemen of the Court, arrived at the Royal Clarice, Yard, Gosport, at balf•paet live o'clock lad evesiUg, en route for Osborne. The royal party embarked on board the Fairy screw yacht, and con tinued their journey, but the customary demonstration, were entirely dispensed with. His Royal Highnen the General Commanding in-Chief will hold a ler& at the Hone Guards at 1 o'clock on Wednesday next, the 22nd inst. Tho King of the Belgians, attended by a limited emits, ia espeet.l to swine in this conntry to-morrow re Wednesday from Ostend, for the purpose of visiting lam Majorty at Osborne. The visit of his Majesty is not ex- pected to exceed ten days, and from the recent death of the Duchess of Kont it is desired that his visit should be u private as possible. During his sojourn his Majesty will visit the ex-Queen of the French at Claremont. The Duke and Duchess of Marlborough left St. Jan.'s-square oa Saturday last for Blenheim Ps ace. near Woodstock, for the holidays. The Marquis of Huntly has taken Kent House, Kaightabridse, late the residence of the Earl of Morley, for the seam The Earl Granville left town on Saturday for Paris, to pms the parliamentary recess. The noble earl will be In town by Monday next. The Earl and Countess Grey have gone on a tour of eking in the southern counties for the parliamentary MOM The Earl and Countess De Grey and Ripon have left Coritoisiardeas for Newby Park, Yorkshire, to stay with Lady Nary Pper daring the NOM The Earl of Mayo has taken a house in Eaton plates for the num The Countess of Cottenham has taken a residence in Fatos•plaoe for the mum. Baron de Vidil has arrived at the Clarendon, treat Park Sir Robert Peel, Bart., M.P., and Lady Emily Peel left Whitehall-gardens on Saturday for Drayton Manor, Staffordshire, for the recess. The Right Hon. the Speaker and Lady Charlotte Denison left the New Palace, Westminster, on Saturday, for °shorten, Notts. . _ Mrs. Ewing Curwen's dance, fixed for to-day, is unavoidably postponed. The officers of the 4th Light Dragoons gave a grand ball at the Rotunda, Dublin, on Thursday night, which was attended by about 500 of the nobility and gentry, with the damn of the Dublin pirriaon. The dancing wee kept up till 5 o'clock on Friday morning. The Bishop of London will not hold his usual Tuesday levee at London Home, St. Jamee'snquare, to morrow, aa his lordship will be engaged at Fulham Palace throughout the present week with the examination of candidates for his ordination on Trinity Sunday, the 26th instant. Mr. Ernest Haythorne Reed, of the Western Cir cuit, has been appointed Recorder of Bridgewater, is the room of John Roy Allem, resigned. The annual parliament of the Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows assembles to-day, at Bolton, in Lancauthire. This congress of delegates, from a body consisting of pro bubly not ler than 320,000 members, is held each year in a different town. Hence it is called the Annual Moveable Committee, or, more popularly, the A.M.C. There is a grand cricket match in progress at Dublin between the famous eleven of England and twenty two officers of Ireland. The fortune of battle continues to the English, and there is little doubt that their superior science and experience will win the day. A destructive fire broke out yesterday morning in cos of the most populous parts of Dublin, and before it could be extinguished errors] houses mod . timber yard were destroyed, and the adjoining premises were greatly Injured. It is not keown how the catastrophe originated. The frequeacy with whirl fires are now occurring in Dub lin is really alarming. - - - A letter from home of the 14th says :—" The lionrbonio monarch, with the members of his family, and the court circle, are by no wens deprived of the homage and sympathy of individuals of various nations, whose poli tical tendencies or more private motives 'educe to pay wart to the royal exiles. I mentioned to you some time ago that • deputation of English ladies and gentlemen had presented an address to the king. expressive of their sympathy for his cause. His majesty has thought at to recompense some of the more active promoters of this demonstration with ribands and crosses of knightly orders. Amongst others, Mr. L— was sent for the other day by Cardinal Aotooelli, who requested to know whether It would be agreeable to him to wear the cross of the Order of Planck 1., which had been sent for his acceptance by Franca* U. L— expressed his ratificatios at the henanr, sad requested tie additional one of ea eatiaeyr• Moe from the Supreme Pontiff to wear the decoration in his dominions, which his holiness graciously accorded in an audience granted to the applicant yesterday morning." LATEST INTELLIGENCE. AMERICA. QUEENSTOWN, MAT 20. The Asia arrived here at 1.45 a.m. She brought 149 passengers and 4,795 dollars for Havre. She landed all mails except those for Liverpool, and 10 passengers, and proceeded at 2.90 a.m. All well. She experienced strong easterly gales on the passage. NEW YORK, MAY 8. (Per Asia via Queenstown.) The Federal government has telegraphed to New York for 5 , 000 stand of arms. The President of the Defence Committee has telegraphed to Albany to the Governor of New York, requesting him to send more troops to Wash ington, as reliable information had been received that the capital was in imminent peril. The Governor of Virginia has issued a proclama tion, declaring his intention to resist any invasion of the state, and authorising the general of the army to call out as many volunteers as may be necessary. The Governor of North Carolina has sent a warlike message to the legislative, urging the imme diate calling of a convention of the people to declare for secession, and condemn President Lincoln's policy. The legislative of Tennessee has passed a seces sion ordinance, subject, however, to a vote of the people. A despatch received by the Associated Press states that Arkansas has passed a secession ordi nance. It is currently reported that Federal troops will occupy Baltimore in the course of the present month. The Southern Congress at Montgomery has passed a law recognising the existence of war with the Federal government. An act has also been pained for granting letters of marque. The Vice-President of the Confederate States has made a warlike speech at Atalanta. He declared that if Maryland seceded the confederate states would claim Waabington, as the right district of Columbia would fall by reversionary right to Mary land. Despatches from Pensacola state that General Bragg is making active preparations to attack Fort Pickens. Mr. Seward, in answer to inquiries made by New York merchants, has telegraphed that a foreign vessel could not be sent to load cotton at Norfolk for a foreign port. Mr. Seward's official correspondence with the United States minister at Paris has been published. He requests the minister to inform the French government that the Federal government would never allow a dissolution of the Union. The steamships City of Baltimore, North Ame rica, and Africa, have arrived oat. COMMERCIAL INTIILLIGENCE. NEW YORK, MAY 7 (Evening). Exchange is somewhat firmer. Banker's bills 104 to 106. Stocks hare improved, the following are the closing quotations :—Erie, 22i ; Illinois Central, 63 ; New York Central, 731. The cotton market is firmer. Sales to-day, 2,300 bales ; middling Upland is quoted 131 c. Breadstuff. and dour are steady. Wheat is moderate demand. Freights 'lightly improved. _ _ NEW ORLEANS, MAT 7. Cotton, middling, 10fo. to Ile. dales of the last three days, 1,800 bales against 8,001 at the same period last year. Donau. at all the southern ports, 890,000 bales. Freights heavy. ITALY. TURIN, MAT 18. The NationaUUa of to-day says :—" General Klapka has taken his departure for Caprera, to pay a visit to General Garibaldi. He will return to Turin to meet Kossuth." TURIN, XAT 18. The Turin journals of to-day announce the arri val of Kossuth in this city. M. de Martino, the new lieutenant of the King, will leave to-morrow for Naples. NAPLES, MAY 17. Otte hundred thousand ducats, destined to pay the reactionary bands, have been seized at the house of a person attached to the Bourbon party. A depot of spoil, the results of the late plunder ing expedition of the reactionary bands, has been discovered at hernia. AUSTRIA. TIIIESTE, MAY 18. The Empress of Austria arrived here this morn ing in the royal yacht Victoria and Albert, which was accompanied by the Osborne. The Emperor went to meet her Majesty at Pirano. AORAM, NAT 18. In to-day's sitting of the Diet of CrOstia docu ments relating to the abdication of King Ferdinand were laid on the table. HUNGARY. PERIL MAT 18. The discussion on the proposal of K Deak, rela tive to the address, was continued to-day in the Lower House of the Diet. K Lonijay declared that Hungary, reserving her rights, was ready to bear her share of the common burdens of the state, and would enter into nego tiations on the subject with the council of the empires VIENNA, MST 19. By virtue of an imperial resolution, M. Aeboth, formerly general of the Hungarian National Guard of 1848, and who was lately arrested, has been par doned and unconditionally set at liberty. DENMARK. COPENHAGEN, NAT 19. The Copenhagen journals of to-day publish the following as the full speech of the President of the Council of Ministers, in reply to the address signed by 71,006 electors, which was presented to him on Friday last : M. Hall said :—" The government share the views expressed in the address, and consider that they have acted in accordance with them They await the moment when a more complete statement can be made to the Diet without damaging the in terests of the country by an anticipation of the result of the negotiations which are still pending. Nevertheless I will state that it is the conviction of the government that a solution of the question now the subject of controversy is urgently necessary. Painfully acquired experience has convinced me that a solution is only attainable when such an independent position is granted to Holstein as may enable the King, without allowing any encroachment on the government of those parts of the country which do not form part of the German Confederation, to satisfy the demands made by the Federal Diet on the Duke of Holstein, even if they be not founded ou federal right. Friendly powers have acknowledged the conciliatory nature of the steps taken by Denmark, and have admitted the danger of leaving the ques tion open. I may, therefore, be permitted to express a hope that they will adopt the view of the government, that this is the only possible solution. The government are preparing for any eventual conflict, but they still retain the hope of a peaceful arrangement and a re-establishment of good rela tions between Denmark and Germany, which are both natural and desirable." A line of American steamers is about to run between San FlallaiSoo and tits western partied Mexico. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (nor on 01 1 /11 consannerr.) PARIS, WIHTSONDAY. This being one of the great catholic holidays is politically a blank. All the world is promenading in new dresses. There is a warn, sun but a bitter wintry wind and abundance of dust. I have looked in vain among the crowds that throng the streets for groups of the 3,000 English workmen who are said to be at this moment in Paris. I rather think the majority of them are so well dressed as not to be readily distinguishable. An important petition has been presented to the Senate denouncing as unconstitutional a decree dated Jan. 9, 1861, by which the Emperor autho rised the Prefect of the Seine to do various acts without the sanction of the Minister of the Inte rior, which he could not have done by himself under a former decree of March 24, 1862. It may, perhaps, astonish foreigners, who know in a general way that the Emperor is all powerful, to he told that his will can be hampered by any legal quibbles. But although if he takes the trouble of going the right way to work there is no power in the state capable of thwarting him, yet, as the man says in the play, " there is a form in these things, madam—there is a form." Now, in point of form, the Emperor has no more power to supersede the law by a decree than the Queen of England. It is true that within the last nine years many illegal decrees have passed unchallenged because, in the utter absence of gua rantees for individual liberty and the general para lysis of political life, nobody cared to call attention to them. But the principles proclaimed on No vember 24 have greatly emboldened the public mind, and the publicity of the debates in the Senate gives an enormous force to the right of petition. Legality, which was tabooed, stands a chance of zooming into fashion. The petition which is the occasion of these remarks is signed by a single individual, IL de Montileury, formerly assistant. mayor of the second arrondissement of Paris. He publishes in an appendix an opinion of M. Albert Gigot, an advocate at the bar of the Council of State and the Court of Caseation, which proves conclusively that the decree is illegal, and argues that the Senate, as the recognised guardians of the constitution, ought to declare it null and void. To this opinion MM. Berryer, Marie Deemarest, Emile 011ivier, Jules Fevre, Picard, Dufaure, Andrei, and other eminent oottnael have "adhered." The simple point is this—that the decree, limiting the powers of the Prefect of the Seine, was issued by the Emperor during his dictatorship after the corp sltat, and when (as is established by their subsequent ratification) his decrees bad the force of law. But the decree of January, 1861, pure porting to repeal the former one, and to en large the prefect's powers, was signed at a time when regular government was esta blished, and the separation of the legislative and executive powers defined by the constitution. The Emperor has now no more power to repeal one of his own former dictatorial decrees than he has to repeal any other law. One is puzzled to con jecture what device can be resorted to, iu so plain a case, for maintaining the validity of the decree before the Senate, which, however, I suppose will be done either by M. Billault or one of his col leagues. The case involving, as it does, nothing more ' nor less than the question whether the Emperor is above all law, excites extraordinary interest. K Griterin, the senator just dead, was better acquainted than perhaps any other man in France with the regulations of the custom-house. He entered the finance ministry as a clerk when very young, and passed nearly the whole of his life at the treasury in the Rue de Rivoli. From 1830 till &recent period he was director-general of the cub toms, and during all this time he so loved his office that he was always the last man to leave it, and he seldom wandered farther away than to take a stroll under the arcades, in the street, or on the terrace of the Tuileries opposite. When removed from his desk to the velvet cushions of the Senate, he became afflicted with a sort of home sickness, under the influence of which he pined away; and, though a very robust man who might have been ex pected to attain a great age, he died iu his 69th year. INDIA. By the Overland Mail we have received advice' and paper. from Bombay to April 27, and Calcutta to April 18. We take the following summary of the news front the Bombay Gazette of the 27th ult. : " Ws have bad two English mails since the despatch of our last overland summary—the mail of the 18th Mardi sr. rived on the 13th April, and that of the 3rd April arrived on the 24th April, baying been an unusually short tine VI route. " The intelligence of the death of the Duchess of Kent has produced a Impend arid sincere sorrow. The news from America continues to excite a very lively feeling, especially in our commercial communities and in our cotton interest. " The statement that the Duke of Newcastle has been appointed to succeed Lord Canning as Governor-general of India has been received with great satisfaction. " The announcement that two lakhs of rupees had been cant to India by the mail of the 3rd April in aid of the Famine Relief Fund has been received with feelings of gm. Minds and admiration by British India. The famine is still PM in the land, bet we may state the very pleasing fact that the Relief Fund is greatly alleviating the still Meow. oeivable distress. There has been a fall in the price of main, and there is reason to hope for a still further reduction. There is need of all the contributions that are now being made in every part of the United Kingdom. Calcutta hit contributed about two 'akin', Bombay about a lakh and three-quarters, and Madras about half a lakh. " Sir Hugh Rose and staff will shortly leave Calcutta for Simla, where his Excellency intends to spend the summer. ' Reductions and retrenchments in the public expenses are being carried out with au unsparing hand. The reduc tions in the Bengal army, immediately to be carried out, will throw between 200 sod 300 officers out of employ, and will dispense with the services of about 25,000 Native Infantry. The reductions in the Bengal marine, ordered to be carried out with the last Possible delay, are of a ludicrously extensive character — from fourteen vessels to be reduced to one ; from an esta blishment of officers and men of 1,2" to about rio ; from au expenditure of 12 lakhs 15,803 rupees, to something not much above one lakh. _ "The supremo goVernment have resolved to confer upon the native (Aosta who have lost their commission in con. sequence of the extensive reduction of the military forma, small rent free grants of laud. They will be allowed also to retain their swords and medals, and the privilege of being seated in the preemies of British officials. "The Sikkim force is broken up. The Royal Artillery return to Calcutta, via ltajrnshal ; the native troops return to their several stations ; her Majesty's tith and 19th Rep meets remain at Siuchul ; the :ird Seiklis proceed to the Punjaub ; rocket tubes and guns, some go to Menaces and others to Fort William, and 31 urray's Sappers and Miens are to be employed to make the mad towards the Teem*. " Efforts are being made to zen doors of entrance into Chins on the west. A pro has been made to the supreme government forte opening of a communication with Chinese provinces east of Assam, mid is under Con sideration. Three hundred millions of our fellowmen will ere long be rendered accessible on all aides to the appliances of western civilisation. " The Governor of Madras was to leave the mat of his government for Calcutta, unit visit to the Governor-General, by the next mail steamer. " Major J. Blaine, of her Majesty's 52sid Foot, has been vpointed an aide-de-amp on the perlional staff of his F.ioelleticy the Governor-General, in SUCCO.IiOO to Captain the Hon. J. C. Stanley, Grenadier Guards, proceeded to Europe and resigned. It is stated that an effort is being made to place the provinces of Malabar and Canara under the control of the Bombay government. If the change be accomplished, it will give the inhabitants of the western coast • far better chance of obtaining those dealt' able improvements which have been the er.vieg want of that portion of the country for many vets 'past. It has bees regarded os a detached region, possessing little or no affinity to the Madras Presidency, nor a chum to any considerable share of the attention of the Wm* meat. "The railway line from Kurrachee to Kotree is completed. The first engine has run the entire length. Much as that m osr an Mr. Mr. A •.. .boa Coliii limpet portion The 'pr dared C o months. 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