The Press. — London, England, 1853-10-01 00:00:00

512 rally good ; but cholera was fearfully prevalent 'meat!: the natives. The 'accounts from Prom , . will the upper e,ai l ur are not wi favourable. Scarcity still pre% ail.sl, and the country was overrun by roblwr bands. General iodwin and his staff rewrite , ' ► t aleinta On the sth or Ao.gost. 164 parting from the 'Millers at Rangoon is said to have been a very rorshel one, and in the speech made by the general he hinted that in all the operations just concluded he had 'lewd according to orders. General Sir John Cheape will most probably assume command in l'egu. From other parts of India the intelligence is of liWe important' e. At Cawnpore and Ilenares the cholera has Steen very prevalent and fatal : upwards of 110 deaths have occurred in 11.M.'s 70th Regiment, exclusive of women and children. Captain Main nosing, of the 42nd N. 1., Alajor William Stewart, agent to the Governor-:itmeral, Major Itirrell, 11th Regiment N. 1., and Lieut. 'fioloombe,ithal Regiment NJ., have also fallen victims to the disorder. The reports of the indigo crop are not favourable. CHINA. Little that is new has transpired regarding the re• hellion in China, and it seems to have been difficult to gain correct intelligence. Dates from Shanghai are to the 1:Ith August, only two days later than those received by last mail. The movement of the insurgents into the Kiangsi province seems beyond a doubt, and they had taken pomession of the principal city, causing alarm in the Moning and Moyune neighbourhood, the sent of the tea districts. It was reported they had evacuated Nankin, for a time, for the rich province of Kiangsi, to provide supplies, being rim short of rice and other food, awl this had originated a report that the Im perialists were again in possession of Nankin. Foochow data) extend to the 19th of July. The rebels had met with reverses, and been driven bark, ' and the disturbance in the Shang-fix) tea district was quieted for the present. The Imperialists did not sneeeed in retaking Amoy, but retreated in good order. The insurgents were getting stronger every day, but were extorting money to a much larger extent front the merchants and pawnbrokers, who were leaving with their property fier other places, and there was no prospeet of their being able to settle their accounts with foreigners. Trade was at a complete standstill, and likely to be so months to come. Canton was quiet, but in the interior great disorder prevailed, and the difficulty of transit increased. which had a serious effect on trade. The market for imports has con tinued exeensively dull, HMI the small business done has been chiefly on speettlati 111 l . Mir tieerge Bonham has at last issued a proelatma• that apprising all British subjects of the illegality of 4141 0 0 1 K in warlike operations its China without the queen's licence, and warning all such that he will strictly enforee the penalties provided in the act 511 ieorge 111., chap. set, against. such offences. The tioventment at. Pekin is in the greatest dis tress for motley. Ott its having announeed that a paper circulation was to be issued anal fumed into currency, all the bankers shut their shops, and, though this project has been given up, they hate not again aliened them. The Emperia- hnd ordered that all should pay the next mooth's rent into his Tren• miry instead of to their landlonls ; but this measure would atronl a trilling and very temporary relief. A scarcity of grain was also beginning tat be felt in Pekin, owing to the districts by which the capital was principally supplied being in possession of the rebels. OU thO Of .‘llglo 4 l the United ShileA. COMM.). 110fe l'etTy, Hutt his squadron. left their anchfurage on the coast of L 4141011104 an d sailed for Japan. The commodore has purchased as a VIM' depot piece of hula on the island called " Ilanian," in the neigh. luourhood of Napakiang, " found to be inhabited by Scotch and Irish This is the first rOSs43s ',ion the Americans have acquired in Asia. There has Ille%er before been such all squadron of steam war vessels on the roast o f china 81.4 at the present time. Following is a li s t o f th e m British : H.M.S.S. Rattler, 9 guns : Rennes, a guns; Salamander, 6 guns ; Ity.r, it guns. Amerieum : ifistOmappi, 11l guns ; Xsowiachannah, 9 guns; Pow imitate, 9 guns. Froueli : Le. Cassini, 6 gums. Russian : k. 2 guns. Sailing vessels—British : Winchester, 40 guns ; Spartan, 21 guns; Lily, 12 guns ; Rapid, N guns. CONSTANTINOPLE AS IT IS. Constantinople is within twehe d”.• reneli inhabited Ivy many thousand Europeans. a n d visited by • .rtiblt. Inn eller.. there is not a pine.. • a people—if. perhaps. the Chinese an' 4•WVII1e1.1-44 4 11ei'lll• ityt 11110111 i'lTolle4 o ll , 11111 1 1144$ ons idiom& With the bulk of Europeans the 11$1111" of Turkey eanies with it %ague Weal. of turbans, seiinntars, humus*. seraglios, 1:11x1•.111 and luagisitivetter. The day of the turliiiin.,l Turk lois rammed. The 1/.ulllllll of the #.lll Near, es sat, Maki. " Ht, *lei toms- mei .1 tt skullcap t the Intl i• only mark that distinguishes loin fusli t the Enrol., an Amongst the lower orders the Eastern dress is still re limited, and thy prit-sthootl still ding h. , the elegant Oleic THE PRESS. tai robe and turban. In the interior of the (-omit Ey, also— that is to say, in Asia—Turkish dress mid habits ',till flou rish in their primitive state. %Vali regard to the mode of life and habits of Turkish gentleincia at Constantinottle still greater absurdities circulate. There is a %cry general non ... that every itsc'es has a hundred wives, or at least as many Isalies in his lyre tit. Such is, however, very far fr,tut being the ca The lady of a pacha, or of any wealthy Turk. has numerous feria attendants ; and us cavil wife separate a qulments.HlM has her separate house Mold, hut very tea Turks treat themselves to the luxury of more than means iti the exaggerated Oslo frequently represented. Slaves are bought, but always treated as part ot' the house hold. A slave who has become the mother of her master's child is free. The habitsof Turkish Government officials of the highest 'lass (pashas) are exceedingly extrtivagaint, and the sala ries they receive vary large. A parka's palace swamis with servants; some have many hundreds in their employment. The interiors of the serteglios are, however, in general simple—a long ottoman, a hare and matted floor. Amber mouthed pipes. inlaid with diamonds, are general: and in the establishments of some Turkish gentlemen very consi derable capital is invested in this sole article of Turkish furniture. Petticoat rule (if so it may be culled where wide silken trousers take their place) is a very common feature in Turkish households, and henpecked husbands are to Ise banal even on the Itessphortis. It is a well• known fact that the ladies of the Sultan's harem possess considerable political influence, and many thousand Bus. sian roubles have found their way there already. The late Sultan's mother was a lady of eminent qualities ; so is the daughter-M.llm of Mehemet Ali. Turkish ladies play a gnat part in Eastern polities, in spin of e di guards and veiled faces. The life of the 'I tallish ft.:nide is not so dreary as might be supposed ; for under the cover of the rushrafirk ( veil) they wander at liberty through the gay buzaani and busy streets of Stamboul, the Eurtsiwan guar- Mrs nut excepted. They spend weeks in mutual visits at friends houses: and, notwithstanding their otter want of intellectual education, do not beeome the victims of tessitti. There is one feature in the Turkish character which is ad mirable. Mash is said Slid has been written about the coolness and no/afraid of Englishmen: but nothing comes up to the philosophic composure. of the M tossulman. Even at the present enthrall motuent men in power will talk shout • .ut war, the advance of the Russians, and similar exciting subjects, with a careless indifference and caluitiess, truly stoic. "Alta Kerini eittil is merciful! We will see!" The Turks are undoubtedly a proud people, and sur rounded as they are at Constantinople by servile Greeks, cringing Jews, subtle Anneal:tits, and to. heterogeneous European pomilation of ambiguous hue, they look down upon this it tttttt ty-giiping neighbourhood with feelings ap prnaching to disdain—not to speak of the religions differ l•lll.l4, %Odell illit01 . 111• general social intercourse. The Greeks monopolist , mitinnerce in the capital. Turkish shipping them is none, whilst the navy of the Hellenic islanders tralisports the primitive of the eon' lands ou the 1)1111111 , 1', stud flo u t Odessa. to every part of Europe. Greek firms have the commenial interests of the East at their lingers' ends: their vitiee is most. powerful in the exelitinge, and in all the huge ettinnierciml transactions of constant• ph.. The Armenians take the tituincial department, mid the it ttttt VIISI . fortunes amasses( by these subtle Soils of the East give proof o f th e ir a bility. Turkey possesses vast weskit in nine. 411,11,14.1., soil other Halals, hitherto either %cry badly worked. or wholly undeveloped. The soil is fruitful. mid a genial climate ripens plenteous fields of corn and whoa. The country siting the coast of the Mick Sea to the interior of Schutt& is entirely a corn-growing pnovince. The spirit of enterprise is, however, sleek. If British (swiml were brought into this country. roads oiwneti, and an impulse given to industry, inany year would not. pass before the resources of the empire would be' greatly augmented. A gnat deal leas been dune of late years by the establishment of regular steam-host communication along the llosplitorits. A projeeted railway to Ittslgnide, which is stopped iota on Recount of the politieal crisis, thtitigh it hats Hilt, het% given tip by the projectors. would leave proved o f in ea l. ettlable advantage to the State. Russia interposed against its constnict• —which is not a bad test of its a d van t ag „ to Turkey. The most important reform that has been projected f or many yeas in the Ottonnut empire is at length a l mos t to be accomplished. A tinniin will shortly be isstaxl autho rising the admission of Christian evidence in courts of law. Hitherto no Christian's word has been admissible as evidence against a Mtissulniaut, tuid hence tut immunity fosin punishment and to lies'lles' to crime tot an y Malt alio to ok 1111 . t to have ma t e lint ch r i s t to his °Mitre. Practically the niyalis wets• depriv e d o f anything in the shape of law or justiee. and lived iii per petual distrust of their M woodman felloa-subjeets. Th,• working of the 111. V/ tirman will doubtless lie difficult, but. supported by the European Consuls. it. will confer at hp I . %thuithle bow on Turkey. and will do much to n.inove thow causes of complaint which have led to th e p resen t crisis, which latter, haying produced the Orman, furnishes an instsitett of good resulting from evil which could scarce have been hots d for. Tit I: CLEMAS (IF 'RIMEL titomer did not institute a priesthood . and any 1111P4b111111g11 can say the prayer hiumelf. But the Koran. being in Arabic. and not being allowed to be translated, as that would be a profanation, u body of lettered men gradu ally became united. knowing Arabic, and reciting aloud tho 1411 . cr sun.. 14,1 guides to the lsr. he% Cll4. who 11rit:tV0 II language s Inch hi do not malt is ,tand, or which they understand but %cry imperfectly. These lettered men or doctors have the name of Means, and the rvrwus al.tritis to become Ulemas ere called SATURDAY, soffits. The Lianas do not confine themselves to reciting the prayer and explaining the Koran : they also interpret it ; mud, as amongst the Mahometans the religions law and the civil law form one, the Clentas ca ll t h emse l ves the interpreters of the law. The Grand-Mufti is the chief of the law, but the real active chief of the ileums, hits ing the title of Scheik-üblslaui, is the Minister of Justice. The Scheikublidam has under him for each province a Karaskier, or superior Ultimo, who is the pro. viueial Aid' of Justice. All the Karaskiers reside at Con stantinople, near the Scheik-ul-Islam, and form with him the council from which, in important conjunctures, the Sultan asks for a fetva, which is a declaration that the measure in contemplation is nut in opposition to ti n t Koran. The question being presented by the Seheik-ul• Islam, the Ultima* reply by yes or no, like a jury, and the decision is then adopted by the Sultan. The Scheilt-ta- Islam now in office is a man of learning and moderation, but also of great firmness, and all who know him are cow vineed that he would not tolerate a sort Of revolt in the corps of the limas. Tina body, composed for the whole empire oliibout 40.100 persons, is mote enlightened thin, is generally supposed in the West, midis not systematieally opposed to reforms, provided they do not touch their pet ' mond interests. It is, beside:-2, auninatea by a great respect and a great confidence ter their present head. The Seheik-td-Islam is of the party of resistance, and his fluence on the. Sultan's mind is sufficiently strong for the Ulemas not to fear that the Divan should overstep the limits of the concessions mule to the pacific spirit of the allies of Turkey. Between the Sultan and his popula tions there has arisen, in the second phase of the Russo- Turkish dispute, a sufficiently grave difference of opinion; the populations judging that the Porte Melded ton much to the counsels of allies promising him aid which they did not give. Now the accord is re-established between the nation and the Sultan, both being decided to maintain the modifications made in the note of the Co.iference, or to trust their destiny to the hazard of arms. —sO,c/r. EXTRA(►RDINARY SALE OF STOCK IN AMERICA. THE Northers Kentucky Importing Association of Breeders had an auction sale of their pure-blooded short-horned stock purchased in England in 1853, at the farm of Brutus Clay, of Bourbon county, Ken tucky, on the 18th ult. The association is a Kentucky one, and the purchasers were put under obligations not to remove the stock from the state for one year : with this limitation the sale was well attended and the bidding spirited. lit I Ls. 1. Young l'hilton. white, calved in May INFO, cost in England 600 dols.. sold for :100:1 dots. 2. Diamond, roan, calved in June 18W, coat 630 dols., aold for 6000 dols. _ _ . The Count, roan, valved in .Ittly Is:r1. co-it .2 doh., soli for 2515 dole. I. °minus, red and while, calved Sept. Iwo), cost MO &la., sold fur 4524 ilols. 4. Fusilier, roan, valved Felt. 1103, cost :175 &As., sold fur 447.1 (14118. u. Senator, white, calved April 1862, cost WO dots., sold fur 2000 doh. 7. Ilene% ►van. calved .lan. 1852, co.l 1041) dohs., sold for 1400 dubs. - _ N. Challenger, roan, I•alved Jan. 18;7)1, coat 4so dole.. sold fill. IM. P 4 dols. 9. Fortunatus. roan. called I►ec. 11851, cost '275 soul for IMO dols. In. Yorkshire Idoinaril, dark roan, calved March 18.52, enst dols., sold for 1111110 dols. COWS AND I. Lady Stanhope, roan, calved in 1817. co 4 :174 doll., sold for MOO &A». I.ady Fairy, rd, call ed awe isiti, dols., sold for 11:10 dots. :I. limn Duchess, roan. calveol July lscil 0. cost '2l'3 sold for ORM► dols. _ _ • .1. linotittess, red, calved Sept. 1847. cost dui*, add list tifP2.) dots. 5. (lent, man, calved April 1841, cost 7;4 d 01.., sold fur KV, 'lois. 6. Equity. deep rod. calved Muck It'irr2, cost MO dole, sold for lOM dohs. 7. Necklace, roan. calvell April coot 100 dole., bold liur mo.l dub'. - - Itracelet, roan, lain of Necklace, eoht sold for 7541 (101-4. 9. Mazurka, dark roan, eahed Aug. ItC)1, cost GOO dolls.. sold for 3050 doh,. 10. Lauly Caroline, light nmu, calvt..l .Ittly ISSI, cost 100 d 01.,. sold for Itc.n 11. 1 hteltems of Sotlivrltoul, red. colvcd I tt.v. Isso, cost :17: - • d01e... sold for lOW dol., IQ Maid of Mulnro., rick ntalt, calved t tet.. 1841. cost sold tom •::IMI dots. 13. Muffin. r,•d nm, caked June 1k52, cost 21:1 doli., sold fur :vi doh.. 14. 4 sphsui Nell, nvan. calved Nov. 1641, cost 32.) dole., sold for 1001) doh,. Flattery. white, calved Nov. 1!461, cost ;E doh., toad Pin• rN is doh,. On the above stile Rell's Weekly Messenger has the fol l.ming Fennel.. :-- - 1 hat our rcrolers may not receive a false impression from the statement. it I. neces.ary for us to mention that most of tlw purelniscrs acre so wkhohler. in the importation. and :•114P ., 1 in the profits of the snit.. I eider the‘v circumstances, the poi ew rail hardly be regarded as ism 4 s lide o h s ; hut .4 1 11 they are oi a nature to stimulate the English breeder to put forth Ina WU and cuggy, with tht prvbpoct vf Arius suiply rcnorded."