The Press. — London, England, 1854-07-15 00:00:00

JULY 15, 1854• BRITISH COMMERCE WITH RUSSIA. AN interesting pap er upon " Our Commerce with Russia in Peace and War was read at the last ordinary meeting of the Statistical Society by Mr. J. T. Dawson. The ob ject of the author was to indicate, from statistical data, the : probable effect of the present war upon our commerce with Russia. The statement showed that the Russian people were not only very small consumers of British produce, but had, for some years, been reducing their demand for it. We took from them by far the larger share of all they ex ported, and they took from us cotton, raw and in yarn, wool, dyestuffs, machinery, and coal, with salt, sugar, and drugs, and some woven fabrics, and furs ; the whole being d little more than half the value of the Russian produce they sent to this country. The balance was settled by Russian imports from France and elsewhere, paid for in drafts upon London. About two-thirds in value of the im ports of Russia from this country consisted, in fact, of the . materials for manufacturing, in Russia, goods that we can supply to the Russian consumers at a much less cost. The nobles, however, very generally disclaimed the produce of the native looms. Six of the articles imported from Rus sia we had hitherto received thence in quantities forming a very considerable proportion of our total supply for the year. These were grain, hemp, flax, tallow, bristles, and linseed. Taking the trade of the fourteen years 1K40.153 as a test, the author showed that we were indebted to Rus sia for about 14 per cent. of our total imports of grain ; that in the first seven years of this period we were so indebted for about 72 per cent. and in the latter seven for about 6:1 per cent. of our supply of hemp ; and that about two-thirds of our supply of imported flax had come thence ; but that our supplies of grain, hemp, and tallow had been steadily increasing from other quarters more readily than from Russia, that we had a home supply of flax and linseed, and that a total deprivation of the supplies of Russia would most seriously affect us in the comparatively trifling article of bristles. A careful review of the sources and channels of the interior commerce of Russia led directly to the con clusion that, excepting grain and seeds (for neither of which we were largely dependent upon Russia), the most mum' exit for the greater part of the trade was through East Prussia, by the ports of Dantzic, Elbing, Konigsberg, and Memel ; and that these ports were equally convenient for the imports, excepting only such part of them as went to supply the artificial city at the head of the Gulf of Fin land. Hence that, so long as Prussia remained neutral, the only effect would probably be a diversion of the trade from the forced routes through St. Petersburg and Riga to its more natural ways further south, damaging, by reversal, the despotic system of the Government, and somewhat harassing by the change all who were immediately depen dent upon the interior trade, but not materially injuring the bulk of the population, and much increasing the proba bility of their being soon brought into freer communica tion with the more civilised nations of Europe. THE following anecdote of Santa Anna is given in a private letter from Mexico, dated May i0:—" I will tell you a story. A certain great man in this country went to wage war against another man who opposed him, and got most unmercifully beaten. But so happy were the people that the great man's courage and skill had enabled him to save his own life and liberty for them, though at the ex pense of all else, that on his return they received him with shouts of joy, bonfires, and triumphal arches. A man said in a paper of which he is the editor that the triumphal arches were not nearly high enough for the laurels which the immortal chief had gained in the war. For this asser tion the poor man was duly condemned to pay a fineof 400 dollars, or in default of them to six months' imprisonment. Now, it appears that the phrase objected to, far from being a sneer, was perfectly sincere, at least the supposed offender succeeded so well in persuading the great man of this, when an interview was granted him, that the fine was remitted, the sentence annulled, and he dismissed with an embrace, after receiving an invitation to dinner, and an admission to the great man's box at the Lucretia Borgia. 'Tie a fact?' A CORRESPONDENT of the Ohio Slate Journal has sent to that paper an account of a tour through Kansas, at present in possession of the Indians, but, under the Nebraska Kansas Bill, to form a new territory of the United States. In his letter he says,—" Before we passed the Kansas (river) we came upon an encampment that attracted atten tion. It turned out to be a grand hunting company for the plains. Sir St. George Gore, an English Baronet, has taken it into his head that it will be fine sport to hunt buffalo, &c., on our great western plains; so he packed up his trunks, and started for a regular summer campaign. He brought the most magnificent pack of dogs that were ever seen in this country. Between 40 and 60 dogs, mostly greyhounds and staghounds, of the most beautiful breeds, compose this part of the expedition. He had a large car riage, and probably a dozen large waggons, to transport provisions, &c. These require five yoke of oxen to each waggon. These, with the horses, men, &c., made up quite an . imposing company. Sir St. George is a fine - built, stout, light-haired, and resolute-looking man. But there are other things besides fun in such a trip, and it will try the manner of stuff of which he is made before he returns." THE CHOLERA has committed frightful ravages in va rious parts of Mexico, and in one day in the city of Mexico the deaths from it are stated to have reached 200. At latest dates, however, it had somewhat abated. Amongst the victims were Mr. Berkeley, the Secretary of the British Legation, and Senor Bustamente, Secretary of the Spanish Ler ion. i t E Mobile Daily Tribune says that Messrs. Alger and Co., of South Boston, are engaged in manufacturing, for Government twenty ten and eight inch " columbiads " (cannon), to be taken to California. The ten-inch guns welsh about 16,0001b5., and are the heaviest in use in any service. About twelve tons of iron are melted for the pouring of each, the guns being cast solid, aid then bared out. The process of boring and finishing occupies about three weeks for each gun. THE PRESS. guksiastital. PREFERMENTS AND APPOINTMENTS. The Rev. Henry iLii.;(;lfieVicarage of Preston, near Wingham, Kent. The Rev. John Exley Adams, LL.B., to the Rectory of Ash more, near Shaftesbury. The Rev. T. Nolan, M.A., to the Vicarage of Acton, Cheshire. The Rev. Edmund Edward Allen, M.A., to the Vicarage of Millom, Cumberland. The Rev. Wm. Jas. Mulloy,B.A., to the Curacy of Monkstowu. 1 he Rev. Edward Hallam, M.A., to the Rectory of Kilmanagh, Wexford. _ . The Rev. Edward Russell Horwood, 8.A., to be a Surrogate for the arohdeaconry of Rochester. The Rev. Charles Henry Lowry, M.A., to the Rectory of South Weston, near Tetsworth, Oxfordshire. The Rev. Win. Blake, BA., to the Curacy of St. George's, Liverpool. The Rev. James Adair M'Allister, BA., to the Curacy of St Simon's, Liverpool. The Rev. R. Pinck, MA., to the Incumbency of Hardrow, near Hawes. _ _ _ . The Rev. Isaac Dunne, 8.A., to the Curacy of Hunslet. The Rev. R. W. Browne, M.A., to be Examining Chaplain to the Lord Bishop of Bath and Wells. Mr. Charles Maclean, to be Preacher of the Gospel to the Par liamentary Church of Keanloch-Wichart. The Rev. R. Bradley, 8.A., to the Curacy of St. Hilda's, Middlesborough. The Rev. Henry Jones, to the Curacy of Holy Trinity Church, Hartlepool. The Rev. Richard Jackson Steele, to the Incumbency of Arne cliffe, near Stokesley, Yorkshire. The Rev. James Cheel, to the Curacy of St. Mary's, Hull. The Rev. Henry James Petry, BA., to the Curacy of Birdsall, near New Mahon. The Rev. Stephen Donne, M.A., to be a Surrogate for the diocese of St Asaph. The Rev. Fred. Martin Harke, M.A., to the Incumbency of St. Mary's, Edge-well, Liverpool. The Rev. Francis Alexander Saunders, M.A., to the Rectory of Castlemacadam, Wicklow. The Rev. Adrian Henry Lulman, BA., to the Curacy of St. Andrew's, Dublin. VACANCIES. The Incumbency of yeizaTOniere:near Lancaster, diocese of Manchester ; worth 1001. a year, in the gift of ilyntiman's trustees. The Curacy of West Rounton, Yorkshire; in the gift of the Rev. M. J. Wynyard, B.D. The Curacy of St. Paul's Church, Kersall Moor, near Dfanches ter•, in the gift of the Rev. H. W. M'Grath, M.A. The Prebendal Stall of Kilmanagh ; in the gift of the Bishop of Ossory. The Curacy of Pentrich, Derbyshire, diocese of Lichfield; in the gift of the Rev. John Wood, M.A. The Vicarage of St. Helen Stonegate, in the city of York ; worth 14W. a year, in the gift of the Lord Chancellor. The Curacy of St. Peter's, in the Isle of Thanet; in the gift of the Rev. John Hodgson, M.A. The Wardenship of Trinity College, Glenalmond. The Curacy of Cadbury South, near Wiucanton, diocese of Sa- lisbury; in the gift of the Rev. Henry Bennett, M.A. The Curacy of Billesdon, near Leicester ; in the gift of the Rev. Joshua Scbolefield, M.A. The Head Mastership of Carlisle Grammar School ; in the gift of the Dean and Chapter of Carlisle. The Curacy of Clay.cross, Derbyshire, conferring a title at the Bishop of Lichfield's next ordination; worth 50t a year, in the gift of the Rev. J. Oldham, M.A. The Curacy of Helmingham, near Stoneham, Suffolk; in the gift of the Rcv. J. C. Ryle, M.A. The Curacy of East Mailing, near Maidstone ; in the gift of the ltev. William L. Wigan, M.A. A Chaplaincy to the men employed in the construction of the Staines and Wokingham Railway; worth 1201. a year, in the gift of the Rev. J. S. B. Monmell, M.A., and others. The Rectory of Barfreystone, near Wingham, Kent; worth 2001. a year, in the gift of the President and Fellows of St. John's College, Oxford. The Curacy (temporary) of Worth, near Crawley, Sussex; in the gift of the Rev. G. C. Bethune, B.D. The Curacy 01 St. John's Church, Hull; worth 1201. a year, in the gift of the Rev. H. W. Kemp, M.A. The Curacy (temporary) of Rocester, near Uttoxeter, Stafford. shire; in the gift of the Rev. J. Chippendall, M.A. The Curacy of Hingham, Norfolk, conferring a title at the next ordination of the Bishop of Norwich ; in the gift of the Hon. and Rev. William Wodehouse, M.A. The Vicarage of St. Peter's, Colchester; worth 3001. a year, in the gift of the trustees of the late Rev. Charles Simeon, of Cam bridge. The Vicarage of Great Eversden, near Cambridge; worth 701 a year; in the gift of the Lord Chancellor. Illnitarsitg littlitottut. OXFORD. Mr. Robert George Wyndham Herbert, scholar of Bal liol College, has been elected to the elder law scholarship The scholarship is of the annual value of 2001., and may be held for three years. On Saturday last, being the last day of Trinity term, the following degrees were conferred : M.A.—Rev. Henry Arnold Olivier, Balliol; Rev. William Wright, St. John's ; Rev. Henry Antony Hammond, Merton Rev. William Martin Shewell, Worcester; Rev. Robert Gordon; Calthorp, Worcester. B.A.—Edmund Snowden, University; Wilbraham Egerton, Christ Church; James Brook, Worcester. CAMBRIDGE. At a Congregation held on Monday the degree of doctor of divinity, by royal mandate, was conferred upon the Hon. Horatio Powys, M.A., of St. John's College, the Lord Bishop elect of Sodor and Man. By resolution of the Leghorn Board of Health, sanc tioned by royal despatch, vessels from the French ports and landing-places in the Mediterranean, that have left since the 18th of June, will not be admitted to pratique in Tus cany, except at that port, and that after undergoing the usual precautionary measures prescribed against the cho lera. M. L'Annv. I,I;CTEN BONAPARTE received the tonsure on Trinity-eve from the hands of his Eminence Cardinal Fern roni, prefect of the Propagand. The young prince had long felt a yearning for the ecclesiastical state, and would hare entered a religions state many year ago but for the opposition which be then experienced from his family. 669 VOlttf Varktt an Ciig FRIDAY EVENING. TUE first three days of the current week were marked by a considerable and continuous decline in the Con aol Market. Many causes, more or less real, were as signed for this depreciation. The weather continued obstinately wet, enough to produce heaviness, though not as yet leading to any alarm for the cereal crops. Then came the version of the Russian Emperor's reply to Austria, which was considered eminently unsatisfac tory, followed by tidings of Napier's retreat from Cronstadt, which was still more so. Reflections that the time was short during which it was possible to strike a blow against the enemy, and was rapidly passing without any blow being struck, contributed also to render speculators timid, and to bring down the quotations. Other causes of more powerful in fluence upon 'Change must be looked for nearer home. The ascertained fact of the week has been that an extraordinary absorption of capital is going on, which seems perpetually to drain the market of all surplus cash seeking for investment, rendering discounts "tight," and diminishing therange of those band fide operations which, especially in sensitive pe riods, lend so much buoyancy to securities of all de scriptions. Not only does it appear that the large amounts recently paid for dividends have disappeared without coming back into the market for reinvest ment, but the sums received in the shape of bullion and gold-dust from Australia and the West have also left no visible indication of their presence upon the barometer of the Stock Exchange. On the other hand, a demand of 1,000,0001 on account of East India debentures, and the call of 20 per cent. upon the Chancellor of the Exchequer's first 2,000,0001 series of Exchequer Bonds, exercised an apparently depressing influence on the quotations, seeing that they rendered money perceptibly scarce. The posi tion of matters abroad, both political and monetary, gives an additional cause to anticipate a more strin gent Money Market. The wants of the several European States are becoming daily more pressing, and the difficulties which involve any attempt to ob tain a supply of ready money increase in proportion, notwithstanding the assurance given that the rates for money are easier in the majority of the markets abroad than they are in this country. The rate of interest on Consols has risen to 4 per cent., and that on other descriptions of Government securities to 5, with no prospect of speedy reduction. Upon first. class paper discounts can seldom be obtained at rates below 51 per cent. The practical consequence of this depreciatory influence has been that the Three per Cents., which left off on Saturday last at 921, declined on Monday to 921 for money, and 921 for the August account. On Tuesday a further depreciation was marked, extending at one time to a full 3 per cent., with great predominance of sellers. The lowest price of the day was 911, but this bringing in a few buyers a partial reaction took place, and the closing quotations were 92. Next day the market opened with increased heaviness, which continued through out the day. Prices fell rapidly to 913, and then suc cessively to 911 and 901. At the close they were 901 for money, and 901 91 for the account. Yesterday (Thursday) the quotations rallied con siderably, partly from the brighter state of the weather, but chiefly from the natural reaction after a fall equivalent to nearly 4 per cent. from the top prices of last account-day. The improvement was aided by the eagerness of many speculators for the fall to close accounts, and so realise their profits. The market was consequently excited, busy, and buoyant, and the priaes rose, on the whole, nearly 1 per cent. At one hour Consols were marked at 92 to 1. Later, however, the market showed signs of weak ness, and, on leaving off, the quotations stood at 91; 92. To-day we have had a return of bad weather and depression. Yesterday's rumour that the combined forces in the Baltic were to be assisted by an army of 50,000 Swedes has not been confirmed, and the disappointment acts injuriously upon the sensitive Money Market. Consols have fallen to 911 4. The Three-and a-Quarter per Cents. have given way 1 in price. India Stock is lower, at 225 ; and India Bonds have been dealt in at 4s. prem. Exchequer Bills are at Is. dis. to 2s. prem., and Exchequer Bonds 1 to prem. SHARES. The Share Market has sympathised with the d ness of the Stock Exchange, although prices did not decline in so large a proportion. Late in the week the Share Market bad improved. Yesterday and to day nearly all descriptions are better. The public continue to invest, and the traffic returns are again highly favourable for the August dividends. Ber wicks have beon dealt in at 74; South-Easterns at 631 ; Midlands at 651; North-Westerns are 1031; Lancashire and Yorkshire at 00 ; Caledonians at 021 ; Eastern Counties at 131; and Great Westerns r ,