The Press. — London, England, 1853-09-17 00:00:00

SEPTEMBER 17, 1853. diere gold-mines. Here he procured a pan, and in a few minutes washed some twelve or fifteen shillings' worth of gold out of the mud—more money, as he jocularly observed, titan he ever made before in so short a space of time. These gold-mines will sane day be the scene of a stampede like that which Cali fornia and Australia have witnessed. The existence of the metal in large quantities is now abundantly established; seven men found 45/. worth in an afier. noon ; and every one who chooses to spend a day there comes home with IN. or more. Lord Elgin's suceessor, as administrator of the government, is the commander of the t;orces, General Rowan. The Hon. Charles Wilson, Mayor of Montreal, h as b .en arrested and held to bail in the sum of eight thousand dollars, to answer a charge of taunter, for having ordered the troops to fire during the tiavazzi riot on the 9th of June. Three more persons who participated in the riot have also been arrested. One of them is an assistant chief engineer of the fire department. The mir:t noticeable event in Canada has been the visit of Mr. Hobert Stephenson, M.l'., Mr. W. Jaek sou, M.P., and fatuity, and other engineers and gen tlemen connected with the great trunk railway. Mr. Stephenson has declared that it bridge across the St. Lawrence, above Montreal, is quite practicable, and money is being raised for its construction in comm._ tion with the great trunk railway. This scheme was list started six. or *even years ago, and Aineriean engineers then stated that a bridge might be built. Hut tears that the immense pressure of the ice would carry away the piers in the spring, and the coldness with which new enterprises are generally regarded in Canada, contributed to divert public attention from it until the arrival of Mr. .laekson Last autumn. Mr. Stepheu.on, who was brought out on purpose to survey the point, distinctly declares that the piers will not be carried away, and there is now little doubt of the completion of the work. AFRICAN 'OAST. The coast of Africa, when the last Recounts left, was in a tolerably healthy condition for the season of the year. The war at the Gambia between the na tives was settled, and business along the whole coast tolerably active. The crop of pomegranates was es timated at 900,000 bushels, and regarded as a very good one. At Madeira, as had already been an nounced, the vine crop has failed. Their usual ex port has been about 25,000 pipes, but it is expected that it will not this season reach three pipes; and the poorer inhabitants are in consequence in a state of great suffering. The cause of the failure arises from the mildew having got into the plant just as it was budding, and occasioning the rotting of the buds. During the last two years Madeira has been visited by constant and heavy rains, so that the vine has not ripened. The vines, however, are not supposed to be permanently injured. Dr. Ross, who has just ar rived from the island, states that he found a solution of spirits of wine and sugar, and also a solution of sulphur, very• effective in removing the mildew. TURKISH PREPARATIONS FOR WAR. THE rejection by the Emperor Nicholas of the modi fications made by the Porte in the Vienna note renders the prospect of war more imminent, and gives pecu liar interest to all the details that can be gathered respecting the preparations made by Turkey for attack and defence. From various letters published in the Loudon or German papers we accordingly collect the following particulars on this subject : Lr the full conviction that the Czar would not neeept the totodifiestions made in the Vienna draft, the Porte cow tinned to do its utmost to prepare for possible extremities. The levy of 4 , 141.4M141 men forming the second category of the reserve wits proceeded with actively, and without the shadow of obstruction from the population. Already numerous detachments had arrived in Constantinople from the most remote provinces, and were sent off at 1.114 . 1• t 0 the army of the I be. The greater tier of the 4 invert'. meta steamers and those of the Armenian Company were daily employed in conve y ing these troops. or supplies of provisions anti a 1111 l on to the army. Th.. expomditlnr of the Government in this direction was incalculable, all being paid in hard cash, the paper money not circulating except in the capital. The formation of an armv of reserve at Adrianople is finally resolved on. It will he con 1111 l lived by Mehemet Itosisehid Pacha, formerly Seraskier, and now general in chief of the imperial Guard. The Etzptitui trisms were, on the Ist inst., encamped Citkiar Skelessi. on the heights of the Giant's Monist, on duo Asiatic side of the Bosphorus. These troops were to leave for Schmidt', very soon. The Egyptian, like the Turkish, soldiers are tine men, hut badly officered. The great want in the Turkish army is that of efficient officers. Their lieutenants anti captains have but little instruction, and by no means support the character of that rank in au army. Anything antler a colonel in the Turkish service is (of small account. and by no means to be compared to a commissioned officer in any other service. 'the Egyptian fleet, composed of two men-of•war. three higates, four corvettes, four brigs. and three steancfrigates, was anchored at Beycos. beneath the camp of Unkiar tike kiwi, whilst the whole Turkish navy was scattered along the_ Bosphorus. The large line-of-battle ships, Mahmoudie falai:are ship), MeehoudiC, Peiki ?amount, Menduuhie, THE PRESS. Nonaretie. *nil two large frigates, formed .1 line IleroKs tin Bay of Buyttkilere. Sufficient artillery was afloat in the Bosphorus. not to speak of the 1111 l wrens Nineties and fiwts that line the hanks, to iwprdr the progress of Any Beet t!..at might attempt to tome a pasaage down to Con stailtithiple by the m o nth of the Black SCR. British and French ar-straineis wen. also lying off the Bolden and nearly every other malign was rerresentetl by a Will , ship or stv:ltiler of some description. Else Itritish. French, HIM .I‘istrima each a spivial stentni•r sta• mulct! at the wspeetive legations on the liospisirus. Owing to the presence of these 'Pius fleets, and the daily inervasing demand for shipping ill the Black Sea. the uspeet of the Itosphonts was .marry and . . I tit 'the :14hh ult. the Sultan reviewed the whole of the F.whtlau "S ps encamped at Utikiar Skelvssi. All the niembeN of the Turkish embassy., and t of the tun, 1111411 Illilliste.ll4, wen. pn.sent. 't he Sultan was delighted with the 541111i1 . 11 bearing of the men. and testified his 1:14• in a speech %Melt excited the liveliest enthii• siasni among them. It is Plaid that A lONIS 'Willi is I WI.. a new auxiliary contingent 411 1:11,001) men for the service of the Porte. ,if the Kt ...twit military instructors in the Sultan's army Imre pn•semteol, pmlxnunt t4l order, a comprehensive report upon the state of the Turkish army. It appear its di.eiplinr, and its skill in the use of the ket. The report is very favourable, and tends to show that the 'Emits ane in a •h better military condition!' than is **men u» suppsbst d. The irregular troops ill ta u ' 101111.1. of the Sliita are slslb 11114/111.11 of Very well adapted for the peen liar sell iee which fn., corps an• generally called upon to Aiwa, and it is anticipated that in the e%ent of 'hostilities breaking out they will greatly embarrass the operatiou s of the 11:1155i1111 111.111 y. It 10111 Is•en feared that I Paella had extended his line list 11111141, 11111 i theretoy greatly im paired its strength ; but the report states that that chief eau• within •!1 h rs, et/111'01MM. a force of 1141.000 men on any given point, either for attack or defence. Respecting the condition of the army at Schmidt', and the general aspect of the Turkish forces and defencem along the line of the Diumbe, stone fuller details are furnished by a military• eon•esporulent of the Morning Chronirle. lie writes as follows " Rust shuck, on the I lanais% Aug. I:l. " I swivelled in aniving at Varna at about two o'clock on the day after leaving l'onstant M.Th.. .p ur k,„ erected immense fortifications at Vartia--sii as to render the plias. indefensible, except lay a ganison of from 1•2,0011 to 1:1,11IN) 111141. It is said that the ltusai.iiim got the present luau Raspiest by intriguing with the iil.llolll Who superintended the defences of Varna, and I Vali Well Is•livitt. that it was the wiirk of the enemy. The defect is that it is nearly twice the extent IleerMoll", whic h Mere than 111111114's the 'hillier. I remained One day at and Mel the following totalling, aniving at Sel la at seven o'clock in the evening, the distance timn VarIIII being about fifty miles. I lone std. doom seen a mitre beautiful and fertile country than that between the Mark Sea and gelminlii. The soil is mar. prisingly fertile, and there Ore • quantities of grain standing in the fields, but the teams necessary to get it in had all been pressed iota the service of the thin. .lit, and large quantities mufti not in eollN4lllellee. Next day 1 eats! upon Omar Paella, who received me with the greateut courtesv ; and, upon my expressing a desire to see the troops and defences of the plare, he ordered 61114014 fiir us, and sent with us an Orderly officer and an escort of cavalry. Yllll can form some idea of the extent of the fortitiest' when I tell you that wan were from eleven o'clock in the morning until five in the afternoon riding from battery to battery, and that we eventing' dial not visit !!!!! re than half the works erected and in progress fur the defence of the place. Seventeen forts are at the present mimient in course of construction. Schmeila is naturally mining, aoeruq.ying the hottoni of a ravine with high hills on three sides of it, upon which strong botteriea, and the .Intone'. of this etd de sae is glisriled by a CM ., 6 , 11 of fielibwiarks are Of the circle from the liaise ailione hill to the base of the other. Ity this you see that the pump is ionieeptible of a very v4;111,01114 &fillet., alai (Mier I's/1m seem% to rest the whole fate of the war f should there one I upon the strength of Itesilles the soldiers, lie keeps noire than '2, 0 (111 country people 1.11115111p41 Wiolios, who are con• staidly mailer his uwu supelintenilence, lint shy he should rely •.4s ntnrh ninon the defences of this place is strange to ape, as, from all I elllllll see, it would he to supply the army with what it wants for daily Coll. sumption for any long time. In any lsaint of view it is n mistake to soppiase that the fate of the war would be determined in pall' intuit degri.e by the fsti• I ttttt in the event of the Itossitens eriissing the !lanolin., will have his forces so alit Weil that thi• Turkish, arm►v may 1..' Witten in detail. '1•11.• emintry will swarm Willi 4 'aissacks, cutting "tithe sat' Sclsitias. mesa shutting all 1411.1' ei11111.1•1 lo suitri•noler. tlif• flare ter ►uraiu Is sly of the Russian army may cross the Balkan. and march on Adrimenplr. The true poliev of war, I think. would have heen for (Mier Paella to tone concentrated the main lash' of his army at wino. central issint —say Raagrail air Bella—and thus Ire able tAI fall upon the Riaisiatis with his entire t. env'. Ity hist 'gement dispo sitions Omer Pacha could not coneentrate, as far lin I could judge. men on lIIIV I MOillt i n tell days. I t is unnecessary to say whin the result must he with such ilia aatit• . 'there are Turkish and Russian detaehments of traits at twelve different points along the Danube. from n ea r Ismail I to watching each other aer t ain the river. The dift*erence between the 'forks and the Russians in this is. that the latter have placed %mull bodies of troops along the river in this way, to decoy the. Turks into the trap of setting large bodies of troops to watch them. For instance, at tieurgura, opposite this 463 place. then• are about 1.4110 1 Ilimmatia, with tf,taiii Turks on this side to Matelt them ; anti an if is nfrough o m . These Muscovites 1 , 41111 4111111111 K 11.1111Ws. " 1 only rem. • lat Sri la one (lay, mita ithatantling the in thition of 1 1111 l l'aeha to 111114111 the 1111 4 t 1161 . 1, %hell he at.lllll hate 01111.1111 41411 a hatter% of artillery f o r my e‘. 1111,1•%P. witetit, that I might ta.t• to abaft sleffree llf ettleteney he 'nal brought has army, anti ela . eially his held artillery. 1 inmt hay, hoaei rr, 111111 1 list, iabf lialarsi a lery rayon lade I Iptition of the Turki.li ant i s m genet al. llllr l'aelia hiia . lf 1.4 a man of great iniltiatry and ability ; but the Wilt a ith him is that he thaw too . h, and oeviiiiirs him I entirely,iuul to the etelmiion of anon' itiii.ortant wial• ten, aith the mere details. %Inch in better military atifit iiiraitbms ICA 11111111 V to milkorilinatror Then' 1,1 Situ 1 1 0 1111 l of Ismail of a trek of barley oiteliam.4l or ' ion . karil' hot he gif it. the (miler. " lu Our army, mitt in c%vry totlovr that 1 pm acquainted with, I . llY'pt tlte Turkialo, th n • lti' I , a crop* tof quartentoaatrm HMI orto 11111 l issiotters tof ftoolosiatetore, alma. elourta, 111 • I111g eollll4e 11114Ier lho Order* the gutorral . oto - cloorf, are that alopplirs tstiortovisi 111 l 14 and fOrligV aro fltrllll4llell to the army at the pn'la•r time and lIIMOOK. 111 410 . 11111 l of iot towitoat l (hi. II 111114'1C " Fr4/111 Sebumla to I:alit:rad 01 111114.14) it in /4 bean tifialy undulating ivittutry, of g'n'at finally. At the latter town there is II 1144114.11111e11t •If 0 4 00 Turkish tnaioc Frosts Ifasgraa to thin place f 40 miles I the country is charmingly fertile, and, in tiiet, the whole ilodallee alhilit 1210 Index) from the Kick Sea to the Ifiniulie is capable of being tussle the garden of the world Phis town is like fill other Turkinh lowan, aiol eoustaitoi POO The troopK, to the 1111111 1 / 4 •4 of 1110(011, an• siwompetll iiii4t Iwltow the tit). " I Ili arriving here 1 tomtit that the haul rktali lisped a four (la) is quarantine at tieiorptits, and al other plawe along the Ifatioilw ; thus preventing any inter course with the country with which they 11154% mhisrll) he at war. " Almout the ltotoomialim I eau hear lout ludo, soul% that flour limo. tubule I . l l lllntette I . l . lVenti)lssi Their 144.1141111.111.4111 a, Prillira• I sot tr eltok..ll. 1. sit 11.14, Mll l l slootouoloteoroots lot lINN To% twain. 71,1 Nll sui.i the. country. 5 , 55 HN ICI be in 44 , 1111b10.11. 101/14•11.1411.ii 1.111." The Spirit that !alludes the Turkish Inter— tutu, indeed, the population generally—is eminently a air like. (in t er fisseha is thus Oared in a Rilusilisat of• much difficulty : Ilk triliqui have declared to 111111 that they wiali le/ porn,. 111 IthiWit Nitlt the Russians. lln 44111 In it aiMNits, 111 in feeling. on the 1 ithvr hand, lie fears that the enthusiasms of him solslice's will derange sAitilisig diplomatic eetoloseiattitioe The posit iisli 4,1 H 1 ,401101 hie hi iM Wait Iran 11911.111411111 ; every day himilnals of penisitis atutenilde lwfore Inn palsies-, and etriaini that war is the only Imam' of aalrly for Turkey. It is said that I )tner Paella ittltlrestteil to the Font• maitiler-iiel'ldel of the Itsitotiati army a letter. misting that the Russian gmelmaita approached too near Illtl fortifica tions on the right laud. of the I hillithe, Mill Wes, that orders should Is' Knee, 11, .preVeill this , lest the Turks were conirlll.4l tll tin • on thou. Prince sistrtschakidl wrote un the hark of the letter. ' is des coups de canons too re-psonsl par des stoup% de ea 11111 l is.' The iovernment itself was not without idiom hum dnr difficulty of managing the forces that hail been pollutes, and the spirit that luau Itern eV. NIWOIII4 I 110111. It . 114.1tei. he Mlle toe' WWII anon. condoned along the hanks of the. Danube. Mud consisting. in great measurr, of im•glihir kyle'', %omit! hilye to whirl, to their home-is. In that ease it was hardly to he ecreetell that the excited soldiery would rousrnt to iii a l sNul l peiteraltly air nturn home emptylimitleil. The inemilar trtagia, withervol from the interior of the Asiatic INISSI9thiI/1114 Oaf Turkey, won't' probably, area\ their vrogettnee lota the I tiriatian IHllMldatintln Whlmi they 'sleet on their path ; and Khania tiir rye,' drulwnd Ist pwaa Ilintligh on I livir 1.111111 nl.ue 1.1,11111 1.11. Vlllt Frank p o pulation 44 I . .mithintiviiple wan by no 'Henna at its Vase; and the I 1 . 4•1•110 Whil inhabit the Homier/sun villages that line the banks of the 114,pplis brio. ure in ';resat nbu ul. Ever) 111111 M. %NH MI )used, aid thu fntlue % lIS 11W11 Itl.ll with 111141iSgillSril 11111 iut y. 111 the Itna.ion side we hear only that the reline* t • , marehinga, 1.1.11 t. and aroma! the Ti... forces in 'hoar isnot intuit and iu Iteasarabia t to 1110,1E0 infantry, and 1. 1 ,I 411 ) cavalry, with .21111iiiri 4of artillery. They were /weaved- Mg to fortify thetinwltra to the brat of their ability, and every arrangement NAM being made for pulsing the winter there. The troops under Oviseral Loaders. which hitherto had been 'stationary at licsaarabia, enoesed the frontier into 111,1i1a% i on the 2mth of August. tin that day one regi nietet marched in, and two more on the 21► th. Other Inalos were to follow. I of w collision, if it earne to that, we Mid the hest authorities differing as widely as usual. 011 41114' hid.' it is mated that every day's delay in ruinously etimosting Iss the 'forks ; and MI 111111ithrr that the ',Air, by omitting to strike hill 10111 W in .trot.•, wlu•n the Porte would have twill taken quite by surprise, has aimed time for preparation, and thrown his chance away. The, two French iusls•rtorn already mentioned state in the re "sort ots the condition of the Turkish sum--" That On the first shoirk there is nod tsineh doubt .4 the Turkish troop% having the advantage. or sit least rendering the victory very 4 1.. 1 110111: ‘V bib . hi. erIP/INIIIII/ /rtlitivo boasts that, if i t should cow.• to, Weiss. the rampsigu could not lavot long. The Russians un.ve sloosly bet sorely, and even those Mho are hostile too them 0100 not should that their advance to Constantinople would Lc little more than a permit march: ."-.