The Press. — London, England, 1853-11-12 00:00:00

•lite conclusion would be that s revolution bud begun. ( I.4arglarr.l* The other toasts having been disposed of, the company separated. ITBLIC ARCHIVES IN FRANCE. THE French Minister of the Interior, who has give► a fresh impulse to the reorganisation and classifica tion of the departmental archives, has just ordered researches to he made which will replace in the public depots a series of documents of great scientific and hist►rical interest. Having been informed that the parchments used in the Ordnance workshops were, to a great extent, taken from ancient archives which lewd been broken up at various periods, the Minister of the Interior requested his colleague, the Minister of War, to cause those parchments to be collected, and submit them to the examination of a special inspector of archives. These itnportant investigations were attended by a most satisfactory result. Among 4,0151 gun cartridges which were opened and examined at the artillery depilt at Paris, not l es s than 3,1100 important historical documents were found ; and of these there were 1 010 pages of ancient MS. accounts of the Kings of France—Charles VI., Charles VII., Louis XI., Charles VIII., Louis XII., Francis 1., &c. These accounts show the employment of the budget in the various reigns, and throw much light on litany points of French. *lib:tory. They are of in terest to the annals of diplomacy, because they men tion the number of persons belonging to each mis sion, as well as its object and cost. They are im portant to the history of art, for they detail the orders given to painters, musicians, sculptors, and archi tect-s. They supply contributi to the history of furniture, costumes, &c., by giving the names and descriptions of the objects of which they state the price. Anti, finally, they throw light on the history of court etiquette and the manners and customs of the nation generally, by detailing the gifts and stipends and alms granted to the King's followers, or to those who met the Kings on their progress through the country—cavaliers, soldiers, and dis abled men-at-arms, pilgrims, hermits, poor folks that waited for the " King to touch them " (of whom many hundreds are mentioned), persons sick of fever, pestilence, leprosy—in short, persons suffering from grievous illness and their 410CUJI14. Among the documents thus fortunately preserved are also 1,200 pages of the ancient Chamber of Accounts of the Dauphine ; a series of most ire • portant pieces reaching as far back as the 13th century, and comprising feudal investitures, accounts of expenses, and many charters granted by the princes and lords of the lrsuphini• and of Savoy. I'l►ere are also inn charters of the church of Meaux, Papal hulls, letters patent of the King St. Louis, Phslippe the Bold, Philippe le llel, Se.; statements and enumerations of lordships, :et!. And, lastly, there art' 500 pieces front the archives of Artois and Flanders; budgets of the cities iu the 14th and I stli centuries; accounts of the testi nances of the Duke Charles the Bold during the siege of Lige ; of military subsidies furnished by the communes, and other important documents, original charters, with the autograph signature , : of Henry 111., Henry IV., Louis XI V., of Colbert, &c. Al STR ALI AN STEAMERS. ANOTHER blue-hook on the affairs of Australia, lately homed, furnishes materials for a rigs's,: of the steps adopted up to the present time for accomplishing that vital object for the development of the country—the impolite lion of SWIM lISVIERthoII on the river Morrity. It appears that the navigation for ateatuerti of light draught has been ascedained to be practicable fir a distance of 1,:11si miles from the neighbourhood of its mouth, in the colony of South Australia, through a territory of undisputed rich. mess, which eonatitittes the respeetive frontiers of the colonies of Victoria and New South Wales. An oisitaele, however, esiiits to the CollyStlee of produce from these district* to the sea at Encounter Bay. South Australia, in consequence of the stir( on the beach when the river discharges itself, which render% exit or entrant... imprac ticable. 'to obviate this difficulty it loss therefore been prOpOSeill to Constrilet * tramway from the bay. seven miles in length, up to that pint of the river where the went ceases, while at the same C • prizes have been voted by the legislative Cum icil of South .Instralia for the first two %Winners that shall snecessfully navigate the river to the point of its junction with the I wailing. a dis tance of 11K1 miles. The construeti 111 l of the railway has appeared to Sir 11. Young, the governor, to he the first and moat important object to be ac t ioraphshed, i nso much as the opening tip of the river by steam-vessels would la of little use without grad facilities for a sea outlet. It was not without considerable opposition front the towns. isiop!e Adelaide, who fear that the shipping trade o f that place may be rivalled by a new port so nea r t o it, t h a t authority was obtained front the home t; o v e nitiwid 6, 1 . ca rrying it into effect. The estim ated cost is only •21.tami., and is to be defrayed from the I land fund. but, although the iumetion of the Col ' was git sit more than two years ago, it does not appear that any pro gress had yet lawn made in the undertaking. The pre. nituuta fot the tint two steamers that shall navigate thy THE PRESS. riser amount together to tomi., and will loe defrayed front the colonial revenue ; but iu this case, also, the prospects of realisation are not clear. A year hock the Ramiro from Aolelaide mentioned that a Mr. Caddell, a shipmaster in the merchant wilier, had offered, after having explored the river for 1,31m1 miles, to contract for its navigation, with two steamers of the required description, but if this has bear► followed up list account has yet transpired. The colonial authorities appeared to expect that when the pre miums la he adveitised in t h e London Gazette a coot• pang would most probably Is• started in London to carry out the scheme. Nothing of this sort took place, although in August last year Messrs. Allen and Sk' •r, engineers, of Upper Thames•street, intimated to the Colonial-office that they were about to lease for Australis, and eoulew• plated taking out two steamers of forty to fitly horse power, and of on average draught of two feet seven and a half inches, if they could obtain some guiust►tee from the Goveniment that, in case of success, the premium might be considered certain. These vessels had already been used on the Thames, and it was proposed, by lengthening them, to reduce the draught to two feet. Whether they were taken out as proposed is, however, nut stated, the eioloniabothee being unable to furnish any guarantee of the kind applied for, as the matter rested solely with the local tiosennuent at Adelaide. Meanwhile, no other question posmsess•s equal inqsirtanee as regards the per manent welfare of the colonies, since the M urrly ohs bandy offer* the weans of tar higher oldies than lull be obtained hum the goldfields. It would be the channel for eu•r incr►•asing supplies of wool, tallow, hides, and grain, while, iu addition, the iiiii untain on its borders are said to contain mineral wealth of no o►dinary kind. Till: TUItKISII. CA3II ) AT 5C111311.1. Tut: following description of Omer l'aelsa's en trenched camp at Schtunla is furnished by a military correspondent of the Morning Chronicle : "The mountain of Schmidt' belongs to that chitin of the Balkan which is detached hum the principal range. sit the mismitsin of Ilentinkapu, and then extt.ials in a parallel lint. to the sea, from the west to the east. lint this mogul• Lain is nearly isolated, as it is very low in those parts where it joins the chain to which it belongs. l'he mount rain of Selmuilahas a circumferowe of from seven to eight rs. All around it is abrupt and rocky, the summit forming MI extensive and almost hosizontid platform, about from NM to IWO metres above the valleys surround ing it, its sides and the top being in great part covered by thick and almost impenetrable brushwod. Small inlets or wilier are to be met with at intereals, r • g more or less into it, in which there is sometimes a illtige, from some of which a narrow path leads to the top of the 'notate tail., passing through flit. wood, and descending in an easterly direction to Sodmite'. " The town is Sitltitteti to the east, in the largest and deepest valley, which h a ts been justly compared to a horse shoe, the entry toeing to the east. " This is consequently the only vulnerable part of the place ; whilst tO the west, south, nod iiisrtli it is aduwst Wililli) 111111bireted by the nature of tilt. 11111 l Muth and the MOotilt, %Weil render alt approach impossible. " Rut this tqwning to the east is well fortified by a twig*, of dynode-it lulls, which are built up against the rocky side of the mountain, being thus able to open at cross tire on the plain at the east. This chain leers tOur finis of stonework, cavils ears:sing from Vs to :to pieces of aiiillery ; and eleven tither forts of etoilletiwt irk, built with great care, and capailsle tit holding lilt entire regiment. This is to the east also. To the ninth, where the 11101111. twin. at the extremity of the horseshoe, is more open, a parapet of earthwork loss been eoustrileted, in addition to a stone fort: it is :I,tttlii yards long, and is flanked by many outworks and redoubts for its protection. It extt.vills to where the wood becomes imponetiable, crossing the roads leading to Tirnova and llsisgrad. "'Pit the Jonah Roil wo:t the place is protected by the s • woods, and there remain but a few of the pathways above meat' 'A which it has been considered iwcesatiry to protect. Small works were sullit.ient where these paths approach the town. Inner Paella has, however, fortified the entry of one of these inlets, which is easiest approached Tartu the sem of the mountain. at the village of lientesch. two I rs distant from Selimithi. Whilst he covered these' rteads,lie lies t 'enlist the whole mountain of Sehumla into a vast system of defence ; thus InAing it possible to stilly out faun the ramp by this %alley to the trust into th e valley Esika ltsehittoa, with all the tlisissoible forces, against an army of obseiNation. mid against the think of mill enemy who Si id attempt to (Toss the ltalkmi by those galleys in the range of hills. " The fortified mountain of Seliiittilit thus c ommands at the same time the two of n o d of I~nuoh sick, which are Stplllsitte front the tuli p. litwluicim it b e l ow , thus shiattiog tip the roads that testi to Aileiatiiiple either by Aides or by Kaisnuilick, because it menaces their flank. " The position of liciitt.sch is exeellent, and well en trenched ; anti twruty manila, with 1,0110 or 3,1100 men, are sufficient for its defence. Schmidt' will l eStlt be conipktely armed by about '1:"0 pieces of artillt.ry of heavy calibre ; 111111, whilst .:0,01/4 1 111ctt Ilit . sut li , It litl . or its. aertollee, it is Callable of eotttai ll i l 1100,111i41. " The forts may is' considered as all terminated now. lie is's'!9 nothing of all this existed. The permanent detached outworks, and two other redoubts, which have lust been built tit' earth, are sufficient her outward defence. Ity the outlay of from 1X1,11011,001 1 to •111.0 IN 1.01141 pipettes the Turkish ttovernment could erect a stronghold. and at the same time form an tlitrenehed camp, which would not be inferior to any fortress iu Enrolee : and they might for the future place more confidence iu it than in all tilt' pasSes uf the ittakkut. The waters of the liotttloe have fallen so low thst at I:outsellowk the Tullis,' entally QV whly eto•il, to cross thy tilyt by fordins. SATURDAY, 'on* mill Colonial nttiligtnte. PRIVATE CORRESPONDENCE. Nam, November Tut: Emperor and Empress desire to visit the different Imperial residences without causing any expense or loss of time to the populations of the country through which they may pass. This formal desire of their Majesties has been transmitted to the Mayor of Fontainebleau by the Grand Marshal of the Palace, and will prevent any public reception on the occasion of their arrival in that place. General Baron de Fagel, Minister of the Nether lands, and Charge d'Affaires of Nassau, has presented a letter to the Emperor, by which the Duke of Stl3• san notifies the marriage of the Princess Helena, his sister, to the reigning Prince of Waldeck Pyr mont. M. Mavrocordato presented to their Majesties his countryman, General Kallergi. The Emperor, on conducting the general to the Empress, said, " I present you an old friend. I knew him in Lon don, when I was in adverse circumstances, anti I found hint sincere and attached." He then drew the attention of the Empress to the handsome sword, enriched with precious stones, worn by the general. "This sword," said the Emperor, "was presented to the general by his compatriots as a testimony of their gratitude for the eminent services he rendered to his country." General Kallergi was born in Candia, anti was one of the principal persons is the Greek revolu tion, and afterwards aide-de-camp to the President Capo A farewell dinner was given at the Palace of St. ('loud to the Queen Christina, at which the Grand Duchess of Baden and the Prince Napoleon assisted. Her Majesty leaves Pails for Madrid, where General Nar•aer. is already arrived. M. Quinones de Leon, Marquis de San Carlos, First Secretary of the Spanish Legation, will remain charged with the affairs of his Government. the Marquis tie Vilnius having been recalled to Spain to preside over the Senate. M. de la Otterroniere has been installed as director of the two newspapers the Pays anti the Constita- Gannet. The trial of the conspirators of the complot l'llippodrome and of the Opera Comique excites great curiosity and attention. Important revelations continue to be made, and before it is ended we may be able to know from what funds the money employed for the purchase of arms, &c., was pro vided. The Prefect of Police accompanied a few days ago the Turkish Ambassador to Pere la Chaise to choose a large plot of ground which is to be exclusively appropriated for the internment of Mahometans. The official invitations to the corps diplomatique for the fetes to be given at the l'alace of Fontaine blean have been issued. MM. de Kisseletf and Hubner, who were not invited to Compiegne, are in • eluded in this instance. The ornamental lakes in the Bois de Boulogne are now finished, and united together by cascades. All the earth thrown up from the excavations has been brought to the Bond-point of Mortemart. From this artificial mount sixteen roads will take their starting.point, with a gentle slope for carriages, anti from the summit a beautiful view will present itself. The Bois tie Boulogne is of great antiquity. In the time of the kings of the first race all the country be tween Paris and St. ('loud was covered by a forest, known under the name of Roveritttm. The forest afterwards took the name of ltouvray. Olivier le Daim, the barber, anti afterwards the favourite, of Louis XI., had, when in the height of favour, the charge of the rabbit warren of ltouvray ; and there it was that the kings of France generally made their sporting parties. Within its boundaries was Long champs, an abbey for nuns, which dates front the thirteenth century, and owed its foundation to Isabel of France, sister of St. Louis. Within a year the Bois de Boulogne will be able to bear a comparison► with the beauties of the noble parks of London. It is confidently asserted that the Emperor and Empress will leave St. Cloud for Fontainebleau on Saturday last, the Pith instant. During their stay there, which will be prolonged to the end of the month, the Gendarmerie d'Elitc will perform the service of honour, and act as their body-guards at the palace. The " Opera Combine conspirators" were put on their trial on Monthly last. The prisoners were twenty six in number, and some of them were persons of superior education, and showed much acuteness in replying to the intenvgatories. On the first day of the trial little more was done than the reading of the formal act of accusation, setting forth, with much minuteness, the names, occupations, and previous careers of the accused. Succeeding days have been occupied with the examination of the prisouen