The Press. — London, England, 1853-10-08 00:00:00

OCTOBER N, 1853. hr operty. The very interference of tiovern meta would be a signal for either jobbing or sedition. \u; the industrial regeneration of Ireland must come from other than Govern • went sources. The primary condition of sue cess is to extirpate that mendicant spirit which ever looks to foreign aid for what should be the result of native or individual energy. The proceedings of this ference." as reported in the Irish papers. do not afford much temptation to the gentry of Ireland, or even to the smaller manufacturers. to train up an industrial population lifter the Belgian model. 1 1 .ut of this we feel assured. that were it possible to restrain the political passions of the fomenters of discord in Ire land. there is iu the people so much intelli :zenee, and in the country so great a demand, that results might be prffiluced far tntuseend ing those achieved with the sluggish and stupid Flemings, in the comparatively con fined area allowed by the restricted markets of Belgiutu. THE " COSS7I" IF• the Americana are really desirous to inter meddle in European affairs, their first 'move ment hats not been at very suceessful one. The affair Cossta " naturally attraeted the 'thew thm of the diplomacy of Europe, and has pro voked IL demonstration, the almost necessary COnsequenee of the pretensions advaneed the United States. On the part of the Kin eipal Governments of Europe there appears to be at perfect accordance of opinion that. the American rule—that at partial or declaratory citizenship by at stranger in the United States is to entitle hint to the full rights enjoyed by naturalised sulojeets muter other l iovermitei&:, and to absolve him from previous alhogianee— is inadmissible elsewhere. tht the other hand, the Amerieans seem fully disposed to sustain. by that form of democratie action called " sympathy," the conduct of Captain koala- Ham iu having violently yet:rued the Hun garian refugee front his Austrian pursuers. Nor dot's it Appear that the popularity-hunt in Government of the United States has shown itself' above the weakness of at least eoquetting with the question. rather than assume at firm attitude towards tile multitudi nous exiles, whether French, German, Italian. Hungarian, 'lrish, Austrian, or Swiss, who form NO noisy and trouldesonte a portion of the floating population, staid who are so readily sustained by democratic " sympathisers among the citizens, itaixionsly wady to adopt any 1.1..1 ext for social dlsturbane The (attitude assumed lay the European dipbomatists generally must have the i;overat inent of the U nited States into at more dignaified or as more reckless course of conduct. It' the elmimakittler Of ally A ineriean vessel•of-war, in any part. of the world, is to hold himself on powered, in open detianee or iu abstract 1•011- WIIIIIt of intt rnatiouul law, to rrscur from 1110 constituted autho rities of at State any person wine!' he linty choose to cull tut AlllVrieltll citizen, the officers of the United States' navy may come to In' regarded as little better than buccaneers. Perhaps, in the individual ease in question, there may have loecit eircinaista, owes spurring the manna instincts of men nursed in ail atmosphere of political licence, and rt.- coiling from the cowardice of permitting a fillow.eteature to be consigned to the ven geance of a merciless tyranny. But this " sentimentalism" is a haul guide where the permanent relations of States all' ill question, 111111 the Americans will preloably discover the necessity of squaring their pr.actiee with tin general law, if they desire to (obtain at moral influence in the affairs of Europa.. The Austrian view of the COSStit affair is not confined to the question of qmsge•eitizematip. The statesmen of Vienna are said to rest their ease on the treaty of May, 15:11x. by which American citizens offending against• the laws of foreign States are to he tried by their own 'Mi nister or Consul—a treaty whielt the Austrians still hold to be valid. Such at view of the question reduces it to a mere point of form, -Cossta • not having been claimed as a crl THE PRESS. minal. but only as an Austrian sultjeet. This userowing the dispute, however, tends to ditniniga its gnivity. RAILWAY ACCIDENTS. TIRE appalling catastrophe on the Irish Great Southern and Western Hallway meals atten I'm Its the causes of such accidents, and the means by which they limy be prevented. To dwell on the harrowing details of a wholesale massacre like this is too painful : the reader will already have known enough to stir his io dignation, if he reflects that the 111014 011Vi011$ preelMtiollB would have averted the calamity. A passenger train is suddenly stopped by some defect in the engine ; a signal in instantly con veyed down the line, but not in time to prevent the sudden advent of a mereliandise train, which isfollairisty eel lull speed,. The passenger train appears to glare been eunsidrrubh behillli. time ; the goods train was tolerably punctual ; and there ought. to have heel' half an hour's time between the two. According tel the ortli- Italy mode of talking, the Consequent vadat: , trophe Was tut neciaent." Rightly regarded • it was no such thing. Where the means of inevention are so completely under human control, it is a species Of blasphemy tic attri bute the conaoluences to anything but luuuun fault—in fact, to a species of neglect which the publie sense of self preservation must ere long establish as a crime, to be dealt with by criminal law. Not long since, in writing gene rally on this topic, we asserted the necessity for some simple rode of railway law, whirl) should select from the experience of the past. a few—they would be very few —muse)) of railway " accidents," and base on this ob servation certain rules, the non-regard or which should constitute a criminal oirenee. One of the first, and most obvious of these would be a positive prohibition of one fugue tollowing another at lest( than a fixed interval Or 111 the else before us the /1104Wer will he. that there aid exist slteL al rule on the line ill but that the passenger train was behhol its time. Sll rime ll the stronger reason for extra (-461:0we, and for that, stringency iu the posi ti% e law which would have made each person biteerned feel that he wits directly responsi ble for the laissible e•msequenees of neglect. Nor should " the public "—that indefinite and irresponsilae tyrant—be exempt from the r(;gisar of cantles. We must occasionally be eontent with something less than mira cles of speed and punctuality, if we would protect ourselves against. 4 WVIII4OIIIIII 111UStiitereri and the constant fear of their recurrence. As it. is, We do nut attain unvarying speed and punctuality, and we do sutler 111141 the fear thereof. Perhaps, by abating somewhat of our extreme dematols, we may assure our selves against the constantly impending alter native. TILE RUSSIAN ANI) .10111.:q. Ti' TIII: EDITHIt OF " T 111: recent article in the Kreuz Zeiteing,•tri the state and position of the Turkish and Russian ar mies, contains SOnle information which May i.e inte racting to your readers, and I send you, therefore, wane. HUM-41110d extracts. With some of the writer's reflections, which are extremely unfavourable to the Porte and its forces, I cannot agree ; and, as I do not, suppose that on those points which refer mainly to the character and state of wit ilisation of the Turks the writer can have any peculiar sources of informa tion which are not enjoyed by many others, I shall only trouble yon with those portions, of a military character, with which the writer appears to be most conversant. After some remarks on the state of the Eastern question, he thus describes "the circumstances of the Itus4an and Turkish armies":— " The campaign in Hungary itfrl•nlm ample menus of judging uf the espabilitieti uf tlw L'auviiau army. Since A Iv 1 the. ilintriiim in Voisin' it has tussle r‘triiniAlitior) corps, tune writ to Ow are el.lllpkte iu 11It'll Nll.l it a we. : the Ml•ltetiel in 1` . % eetteitt. their totitter Iteritie tit - lot. their ttiattivitt ring ii. %boitly unpineil: thu t'ol.stmeks of the 1 ton alone oh% lir les, I.,Nkkt Imu thvy The iWL‘IIIMI'age4I 1111., I.f that aunty att. twarly iw 1011,1aN;—.% coutsuittstariat ; a thisittelittation for Itteibi bbr 4411,44 olbirrullOilbb, 101 l ill 1111.ir outpol4 herviev, aINI ibb• too etiwitant keeping, tht• troop* biouved topiber iu Imp. Masses, lON ervr, ill thwoo revectm great prolays% lllath% though the 114111 h. bat. not la ru elktivrly It t% Hindi ititiVe Ititit;itttopike •.t . tb. Tittki-Is ;inn). tvgititit. of the mo Hussy 4.,.ritt. %bleb 111 e. . . . ally 41118 t 14 . 1va iii nasal lit Or I olthlanit 1111 l Op tat.' 8 ~1... k n it, vti 'illy gooll authority, to isv. olvtivivitt 11, 11.14111'11.• 111.- 1 1 1111111% Of 11141 WWII. taut Vtly well v4)161.1%11 1 the osithely an. 1.41141 141 fin• and mootteuvivi very well, the Infiniti.) to Is. tolerably hrilkh, latt the 411%4411'1 . Ml * r B lll4l to 144 , 141w:4th 4 • 11114 . 61 n . Tilt' Illoy1114 • 1811 N 1114) 1 . 44.144, of %%Mai only I% a . ar., ii II„, Mikan or on the I batials. (two being in :It via 'mil 914,41. 11448,0 u 1. are said to he very Is vy 0m... These regulars have, aline the battle of N 1.111, had 1141 0111141111111111 41114110111- 1111; 111441' VOllllll4l 1 / 1 41 . 11110 101 4.114111\ . except a-amat the I orus4.l. mid the Monteisegt ins, mod it is toot 1111.141 10 111 1 %44 (10'11 %Vl', 14.111%1 . 34.1441'y an tit her .4vetn.lisn. " The I.:gy tailo is lismilmi) listur his,. mat yet a vevived a 41141140.14'1' 11'41111 50% 01 1 4.. " It Would be 41111144111 141 414'14414' NllElll4'l' 110' 1:411111 . .. are 10 1W 4.11111•1414.1.141 alas i "%oho . or ivie. r .,olas. Is amp., ~ h a t I i i ,• ) are ! . ..81141 to tat gr 4 •84111 118 wont 411 . 411s4•1141110.. " Tll4. 111'41,1111111' 111/1111s 1.4.4.111, rot' 1114' 1114. 1 14.111. It. 4.4111144 1 . 111111 Albania, avowedly 1 . 4•11114••••• 14111 101114.1, " 111 t h e Tiirk ish I:tenet - Ms. 4 low' I 'atella 11141114• 1, 1411.41\ 11, and he has us .at hail 1141 44141144111111111 of awl Biwa I , lls on 111110401% 111 11144 1114'4111111114' 110 N 4411141 11,4114 111 1114111\ 10 11t11W 1 1 1111, tiler N 11144. 1 6 ' 11 04 0 e 811141 Solunk B l44 B is, 1144' * 1 an Is. 15415'0 8 0 1111 h. oglit 55 4 . 11 184•1811141 1141411.8111 , , 8.1441 111441. 1 het 4 . 644 .., 4141 . 1'1141 on sat Mg mato ely on 111. 414.feimiv 4., 55 ills a /4)144 111 of fortm.san.,, 8410 4'ntr4184 • 14441 viiiitilft. " Ws . Audi sotivekt 1144 • 811 * the risk of 4.1'1111114H0 hal l 1.) any military man' if via state that the Toni. mit army it. by 11 46 Weans 4111841114 A for a pd rat zie war; Mal the rennin's "IV "illy 4141 n1 4 " 1 II) 1:1411 . 11 , 4111 tort Mem mos total ent vessels meths ; awl that the Wrentham are very lisefill for ',moil' exiss slit iossm 11l long as OW, 11111' ai lIIIIISIII al 111 I 11144, . glis Ilia • us ii. 11.. it 1111111 0 1 114' 414'11144111M the 111111\ is Its la !WIWI el.ll.lilli , ii 115355 it St UK ill 1 " , %!M 1 1,•119. Intl fail it n)sivia• edit• nut' nn 4.1'1111 im al any low in 1 14,44 it lam emitaleasee in its 4.llieem nod ass itself; and h e at ran lam salions love man• 11414.15 et. in 44114.4.1, ys lio lire noddle.: but drill ilmi ration. '' II has besides beets I . loiihtill,ll I lionervesl tutu Iniks.ll sagas Inv Ir'N'l''' are ''‘ I n'llh'lY Ibahl" b" ""'"'"'": I "1"bl° such 11114111% 4141 414.144.11414414.4. 4411 1444 111/11.411 10 ills' 114'141. " N4/111' 114 111 the then/ n. of war. " Tlommthosit the vi. Milo probable theatre of war 1.,11.11l 11 . 11114'111111.4 will 111' 1 . 41a55041 la exi.l ill 11 . ..114 . 11 of t h e Sairlltia... and the eoatoisio ttt i t 'ohms. Its IVallaelssa owl Bedouin the land is as 141144.11 at val I y pretty Nell cab ovnte4l ; bit ma MI 'is an that armies ea 'old spat a. their 44111414114.44 4.144 11 has a few weeks. In Th rare 1114.1 a. is mai bum. The i 6 alalik lail • Ilidieitit lit MI I 'llia.% Id . Ir a e p u ag e ; 014 4 i 1'441 11 111i4. ib t .g . 4/1' 441111111111 in the sisal of spring Intl amnalale. Is r4'-.reel sv 4. ly of Ow ea mhos houtrisit , the oiwrool a i l. at' a teenlar xlllll wonlit only Ise ism/41111e b 4. da KIN alit NI it, to i Wts aber : Ills ring 1114' 401114.1' I•l . :lslaini An liall'alliii . la 441' 11'04/1114, 111141 04In's•inlly of all divvy. is sat 1111 unit; 210 the tflost4l444li a smaller by 1 hood is out .4 the elowai ion. Hoot even l.) . sea it ovoidal be very AH1114 , 1111 , salt H 444811181 of the 148481114 Ina lin.% mirth 111 111111 141.11144401. " It IN sheer folly to 1111141.11 dint Ihhnin hiul ttly pooutistaitql II1'• Otillllllollo . llli'llt •liII lilt. in 111111.1* lit plrh•ut lilt• illlottaitie 111 lII'. I INIIIIIN• Ision b. nil; iutrltcl r'l Will, by the Ilcl•IY. In %hart. till itouttsloaltty of u regular eatitiatign iu at an mil: It would 'w'urt•ly LI• 16415' Kalb' 1 . V1 . 11 Iti ''W'ry till lilt' Ykltt 111 . 1111.1 (llPtlY'en'•N till (11'• 101411111 w tit 11114 wit/4111." Ile th►•refore argues that the Russians nct wo u ld conimetwe hastilitit•r n o w, 111 the out ls.ssi 111 ohs' rutitllis %Attila he dime I.e•t silitt , il to the Mittr al • the Tllltash trOole:, lust t h at the Russians emit lime In. iittltle+.ttlellt to et millienee ha,,re the ht•stwis u sat. theist best, 11.4 that WOlll4l ally he playag into the lintel.; of the Turks, tis slam* no it would Le an n.lvalllaQe to owe. hilt llte.s• latter vittlllOt begin, Fla they walla then have to ad %mire into the enemy's rotintry, liy whirls they width' lOW on their auk atitageri. Ile rawhides front this that the winter lutist be spent in inaction. whirls will hint to the dissolution of the Turkish artily, without prejudice to that of the Russian*. Perhaps you Will allow me to told that 1 .ii•twree with hint in this respeet. First, herati,e it longer the custom for troops to tto into sinter .I*:*• tens : for if the Midis 'ire 111111 they 1.1111 Ise 1111151.4 Awl 'wealthy, l.eratl..•, it the Turk , rantioi ruin 'Henri: the attack iu Europe, they can lin t•n in Asia : there they have an tinny or 40,000 wen ; the Per Mans are colloeting another to assist them; and the population of t:eorgia awl Ciretemin, tiaras, nee eager to rise at the first shot that is tinst ; so that it it not impossible the lttissisii arm", in that trailer may be ent ell' and destroyed. Mit, allotting that the winter welt• passed in inaction, it seems by no tiles*'. 140 retina Olio the advantage %laid he till on the Fide of the Russians. on the roittritr . ‘, they are already subject to a great deal of t.ieknr•.. ; uud the delay would enable the 'lurks to iniprtoe thew Your obedient sert•ant, ~~ { ..,`