The Express. — London, England, 1855-09-03 00:00:00

In, expregigi. SSIOISINONSta latasded tar "Th• rapreas" Undue rands( yam MOM A the . 011 es, 10, loessisSiss, b y Two Melo& as as NW pairaiii ZION WIZ AT LONDON BRIDGE. • _____ Tao Dar—Ssesiss. Ilh. Smorwr—ilinie. 7b.: 71. Ills. LONDON, MONDAY, SEPTEMBB.R 3. Ix the absence of any very near limped of the fall of Troy, we cannot do better than bestow our atten tion on the wrath of ACHILLES. Our gallant Sir CHARLES NAFIZE remains stern and terrible of pur pose against Cleanest and his Admiralty. The tro phies of DUNDAS will not let him sleep. So he has hoisted his flag on board the Martial.) Advertiser, from whence he keeps up • smart fire on his foes. The war becomes merciless on his part, since on Saturday he began to publish the letters which Sir JAMES GRAHAM wrote him in October and November of last year, when the campaign was over, sad all parties concerned were on the look-out for somebody to sacrifice to public indignation. This is a very ethrtlieg measure. It breaks through routine and formality, and capsizes the usages of the most venerable etiquette. Bet Sir CHARLES never professed to be scrupulous. During the Syrian war ho was famous for acting with. oat authority, and, to do him justice, when he acted without authority he usually made his very beat hits. We shall not quarrel with his policy in that respect—which, by the way, reminds us of the " leader " in which a Yankee editor announced to the public his religious convictions: "LOce Lyman, like PAUL," observed the journalist, " we go on our own hook!" To be sure, Sir Jaime's letters were marked "private;" bat oar public sea are now agreed in disregarding that precautionary word when special circumstances demand it. It must be remem bered that the renown of the Admiral is at stake in this controversy ; and we are sure that Sir JAMES GRAHAM is not the man to attach too much sacredness to the privacy of • letter. The public, on the other land, though not indifferent to the quarrel se a quar rel, yet feel most curious about it on this ground— that its revelations may be expected to throw light on the ear:y history of the war. Sir CHARLES appears early in the campaign to have been little hopeful on the subject of Sweaborg " In May," says Sir JAMES GRAHAM (writing to him in October), " you declared it to be unassailable by sea or land." This Sir CHARLES does not, in a re ply dated four days after hi, rtceipt of the letter, deny. Now, did Sir CHARLES so early as May demand those mortars, rockets, and Lancaster guns, which he certainly demanded later, and which now appear to have been so inexpressibly important ? On this point we as yet want assurance. If he did, his case is conclusive. For we apprehend that it would be rash to censure him for sot attacking the place with the ships only. DuNDes, with later experience of it, did not venture on such a step. That admiral has done his work entirely by gun and mortar boats. He did not fight a naval action. He shelled the place from a distance. Of course, we are very glad that he did so much—but it is absurd to blame his predecessor fur not having done more work with less materials. All the summer this prudential notion of NAPIZIeII' ',maimed fixed in his mind. GRAHAM, too, kept warning him "against stone walls." Like his coun tryman BRADWAIDINE, the Admiral's motto was, " Beware the Bear." No doubt the public were dis appointed. The public h►d been taught to believe " Sir CHARLIT" (and that, by "Sir CILARLEY" him relf) one of those fire-eaters whom nothing appals or repels. We most of us fancied that he had no " die cretion " at all, and we, inclined to despise it, as Swirr did, as en "alderman-like virtue" unfit for these fighting days. Indeed, we expected too numb from ships against stone walls as a general rule. The truth appears to be that ships do not triumph against lend batteries except under peculiar circumstances. The defences must be weak, and the defenders in• competent. The ships must get near in. These con ditions existed at Algiers—yet at Ales= the Im pregnable lost 210 in killed and wounded. And now mdaya the progress of scientific invention increases the strength of a fortress and its chance to best ships.' Fortresses are stronger, but ships still remain wooden and vulnerable :—what an object, too, doss a lofty sail-clad man-of-war present to those incendiary pro jectiles now so well understood, in Russia as else- where ? It cannot, however, be argued that the ABERDEEN Government did not know all this when they sent the fleet to the Baltic. They cannot have been igno rant (or at lent ignorance would have been shameful) of the utility of gun and mortar boats is war. In the last war our fleets were always accompanied by bomb-vessels, and all such craft. They were invalu able at Copenhagen, and also at Algiers. Bo thet— as regards the wisdom of Sir Judea Gamwe's Admi ralty—it little matters whether NAPIER applied for such &comities or did not apply for them. iVell—the summer wore away. Sweaborg re mained intact. The public were become impatient. The crisis of the friendly feeling between Admi ralty and Admiral approached. Sir CHARLES NAPIER had made a reconnaissance of Sweaborg in Jane, and he made a mooed in September. Now we come to the rub—" Your second reconnaissance." wrote the Admiralty, "opens a new view." " No," answers Sir Qualm, "my first and my snood Mem nearly the same. . . . I pointed eat t wo modes of attack—one with ships alone, the maw of which would be very doubtful, and many ships would be lo it :--another with AO, gunboats, roehats, Lancaster guns, 13.inels mortars on the islands, dec." He accordingly complains that their Lordships chose to ignore the necessity of them articles, and to make him responsible for an opinion that the place could be attacked with ships aka°. This he denies having asserted, and we are bawd to say denies success fully, unless there has been a askopresaio yeti on his part, such as we see so reason to impute to him. Aloes with the letter from the Admiralty which we have just quoted, the Admiral received one from our contemporary the limes, which seems from his account to have been an officill reprimand. It would ill tweak. as to detract from the dignity of our profemicio, aid we only hope our contemporary's assumption of these new constitutional powers will improve the emseative. By this time the ill-feeling was becoming decided. The Admiralty seems to have been very taxi ma for something to be doer, and Sir CBAILLEB is deter mined as ever to be cautious. The French squadron and troops had withdrawn after the capture of Bo usarsend i and though early in October there had been an order fur the French squadron to return, yet that order bad been countermanded. The contiepoe dense which then ensued between the Admiral and Sir hilts GUMMI presents Dome carious points. Sir JAlt6s seems to have been very imperfectly informed on matters which in his peition be ought to have known. He was " not prepared" for the 4, immediat e Asps:tare of the Il i ketnit o rY centers of liomareand," and "ea less ' bt r withdrawal of the French eq ' # alone were taken on the a " 'says. In imam thry were sod takes on t , &mein to orders which the French Commanders received from home. The French Admiral, it letlibi, agreed with Sir MARLIN that Benda% could sot then be takes. Rod Again :we Sir Jena °KARAM equally at ma _ _ about the results of some deliberations on attacking Sweaborg. lie tells Sir Quinn that " the French generals partake of General JONES'S opinions." Yet it appears that while the French generals thought the fleet could knock down Sweaborg in two hours, General JONES'S opinions involved the work of • week. We also And the Admiralty giving one view of General NIL'• report on the subject, and Sir Jams Gamut another, which surely argues a des perate contusion at head•gaarters. There does not appear any reason to blame the Ad miral for not attacking the place late in the season. All the month of September it was blowing a gale of wind. A council of war of live admirals was adverse to the attempt. Then was nothing to do but to return home. And there was a decided want of generosity in the way is which Sir Jesse GRAHAM threw all the bleats of the inaction of the past season on an dam whom he had repeatedly praised during the course of it—whom he had not supplied with the proper materials for his operations—and whose squadron, disciplined by his abilities and his name, he was anxious to hand over to an unknown successor. On the wholiwithout pretendiog to foresee what new matter may be brought forward on the subject —we think Sir Cum.= Names has done mush to better his position before the public. We are sure he has done math to show that it would be utter mad ness to allow Sir JAMES GRAHAM to resume his seat at the Admiralty board. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVIRMIG, SEPTIMBER 2, 1112& Mir Court. OSBORNE, S 1 The Queen and Prince rode on honeback yester day. Prig.. Albert left Osborne early this morning foe the camp at AltlarshotL Barman* 2. Priam Albert, attended by Captain Da Piet, retuned from Aldershott at half-put 6 o'clock yesterday. Viscount Palmerston arrived oa a visit to her Majesty, aad alas Major Clermont. Despatebee wereeent from the Colonial Oates on Batav ia; to the °overate of the Weit India bland& It is stated that a guard of honour from the Royal Perthshire Raise is to be dispatched to Balmoral, on the 'oessaioa of her Majesty's visit to her Highland resi des" sad to be stationed them daring her stay. The Marquis of Brsadalbans, who arrived in London on Wed nesday, from attendance on her Majesty daring the Royal visit I. Paris, left Park•laae on Thursday for Tayssouth Castle, Perthshire. The Marchioness had already arrived Mere. The Doke of Sutherland, after a tour of his estate. in the north of Semlasid, has arrived at Denrobin Castle, from staples with the Marquis and Marchioness of Stafford, at Laskin's' Haw, where Lord and Lady Colville, Lord Hill, sad ot►er friends have bee. visiting. The Duke of Bosedeueh is at Bowhill, his seat is Selkirkshire. The Earl of Dalkeith, who, daring the last two 'mouths, has been cruising in the Baltic in Lord Scott's yacht, jollied the Roble Dake at the dose of last week. .Tbe Dashes., it is enpested, will return from Carlsbad about the middle of the math. It is reported that a marriage will shortly take Simi between Mc Portal, M.P. for North Hants, and Lady Caarlotto Elliot, deaghtar of the Earl of Nieto. Lord sad Lady Milford hays arrived at Piotoo Castle. Bir Peter Laurie and his Deice, Miss Laurie, hare beeu daring the past week the piste of Mr. William Brown, ILP., ae Cabbsp HaiL Lancashire. The tenantry on the Bilker= estate, and others, entertained Biz Junes Forge/son, But., M.P. for Ayrshire, to dinner at Idaybole on Wedneeday. _ . The Earl of &whisk and family, with the Hon. General Noel, and the Hon. Charles Carnegie, have arrived at Kinnard Castle, from his Lordship's shooting lodge, Glen of Dye. We (North British Doily Mati) have been in formed ea good authority, that there will be farther sheave ia Use organisation of the Government, and that a awaits= will be fe-mod agalast Palmerston, by Lordlut Busell, Gladstone, Graham, and the other tow regime, ales( with Cobden, Bright, and that party. In addition to the stakes run for in former years at the Lac k ram meeting, the Duke of Hamilton has in timated his intention to prams; es the occasion of the seat race amens' of Lanark (lined for the 20th of September), Afty sovereigns, sad whisk the Doke hes aimed " The Han ;len Plats." Next esseiow a bill will be brought forward for regalating the Reece of trade sed other marks, and to settle the rigbta sad atee of the saw s seder t h e control of a poWis Meer, te be celled the Meager of the Marks. Mr. Weider sod Madame Celeste are filling a dart engageasst at LimpooL The last performane;os of Madame Orisi in Liver pool, whisk esamease is Monday week, are males narked ateestios. The Duke of Richmond, with the view of stimu lating to the liesediag of good stook, and improvement In farm menagewmat, gives every year a stun of 1001. and up wards in madams to be competed for by his tenantry in Scotland. The eompeUtion takes place successively at Gar don Castle, at Rutty, aadatDramia. This year the nest ing fell to be held at Garbs Castle, and the show took place on Tuesday. The Duke and Dubose of Richmond wen in the show yard daring the day, as well as the Earl add Coantess of Derby ; Lord Arthur Leanos, the Sul and Countess of March sad family, Prince and Princess Ed ward of Saar Weimar, Er. At the diaries. the Duke of Riehnised presided. The croupien were the Earl of March, Mr. Balser, Mr. Skinner, Mr. M'Pherson, Oibettio, and Mr. Marquis, Fochabers. A meeting of the spirit trade of Greeaock, Port Gisairow, sad Gonna, was held on Thanday, for tits im pose of receiving a depstatioa of the Association of the Licensed Victuallers of the West et Seedead, with a view to ea iagniry tato no operation tef ?eras ltackeesie's Act," sad to take steps is aid the emmeemat. A depstaties from lb* lienetadi Temperance League is at Ramat theltraelpsl lowa m Scotland, foe he pupas Ofeslosdag smalles ia retinae, to the opera tion of IVldasboame'sAse. Alas, steamier, we behove, Elkbe Isom • sendeowaleti is to be held is urali the math et A wicking engines", of the name of John Roes, residing he Mumma/. culla to have diseovern s new mo tive power wash will waft a skip across the Atlantic Oteas is three days. t is teleigesphie advises of the 21st report teat Vliali me s ehee Me sew sumense had opened Mors at 116 dolma. Loss year tas spade. poise was 70 to 76 dollen. The surveys of the projected line from Aberdeea to leverages are now sorapieted, sad the p coat is estimated, fir seises Use of rails, .18,0001. per mile. This is rather midst Me coat ofths fheat North of Bectiand Nu. The 20th of September bate been all but fixed opal tor tb• opening of the I sa sad Nein railway by ths Mein of the Board of Trade It is stated on good authority, that a very large foveae is SOO& Likely to be made to th e milie u , f ora at present stationed in Dembertme Castle. It is also said to be eontemplatsd to form a military hospital there, and warbles rainless, enaagemeate are bass made for this purpose. The Oman Chief made the pease(' from Liverpool to Hoban Towa is 72 days, me quickest pimp ever made. ilia magistrates of Liverpool have only granted sae sew pabileau'aliessee, although, u weal, the appLanate were nuserous. The (*flatus individual wee the steward of the ship w►ich serried eat the late Lord &ilea to the CriMILL The copyright, goodwill, and printing materials of the Gimpy, Palmy Davy New were sold by meatiest so Monday for 200 i. The depot of the 82nd, at permiat is Edinburgh Castle, have received olden to hold themselves lo ramdi• sees to premed to Irelabd. l i ao# ORO BOR THR RNOTAIRH WORBB War Depiketment, Sept. 1. Lord Panmare has reesived the following telegra phic despatch from General Simpson, dated Crimea, Friday, Avast 31: "The enemy made a sortie last night upon our advanoto in front of the Man, and destroyed some gabione DESPATCH PROM GENERAL PELH3IO RB. ' , PARIS, MONDAY, Barr. 3, 7.30 an. " The Manager of tide day her the following telegraphic) despatch from General Polka . = : I , CRUM, Avausr 31. " All goes on well. "Everything advances. "We are melring progress: THE CRIMEA. Sze?. 1. The Thabor, which left Constantinople on the 23rd August, has just arrived, having on board Abd-el leder, who leaves for Paris this evening. Omer Pee-ha was still at Constantinople, owing to the fits of the &dram 1 he was to leave on the 25th for the Crimes, to direct the embarkation of his troops for Asia. lly the end of September, the reinforeernenta sent to Anatolia will amount to 30,000 men. M. de Mettray has been 'named Aide-d► Camp to Omer Puha. A Turkish bulletin statue that the Russians were repulsed before Kara on the 4th Avast, in attacking a battery. The brigade of General Sol is to leave Maslak ; only the gendarmes of the Imperial Claud will remain. The Anglo-Turkish contingent was on the 23rd ready to embark, awaiting only the English Foreign Legion. 1,500 wounded Russians had arrived at Constanti nople. Intelligence from Odeon state, that thou sands of Russians were busy in fortifying and inter cepting the passes communicating with the Putrid Sea. Official amounts from Benumb's state that neutral vessels bad been authorised to load grain at IsmaiL Another despatch of the same date says: " The French brigade which remained at Con stantinople ha embarked for the Crimea. Intrigues to bring about a modification of the Ottoman ministry continue. Mehemet Ali is again in favour: he was in the Sultan's suite at the Bairam fete, and there is a talk of his being Minister of Marine. Vely Pacha is spoken of as likely to be Minister of Commerce. The steam-frigate Christophe Colombo has suffered some damage. Lord Stratford de Radcliffe had left for the Crimea. Omer Pacha was to leave the next day foe the same destination, and to go from thence to Asia. Lettere from Kara of the 4th August say that the Russians had fallen back upon Biased- THE ATTACK ON OFF NARGEN, Auo. 28. The French Admiral sent a Russian, ai a spy, on shore near Sweaborg, to ascertain the casualties and what damage bad been done in the attack against it last week. The spy returned yesterday, with the looms that all the government stores and the dock yard were completely destroyed, 23 ship@ burned by the shells, and 2,000 men killed and wounded during the bombardment; all the powder-magezines have been exploded, and the governor's house and several other buildings burned down; a three-deck line-of battle ship has likewise suffered so much from shot that she filled with water and sank. H.M.S. Vulture, in towing a vessel from Nargen to Farosound, ran aground on Hango Head, on Monday morning. Her keel is entirely destroyed, sad her engines injured. She is expected to return to England for repairs. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (710 K OVM OWN PARIS, SUNDAY EVENING. After having prohibited the journals from speaking of the troubles at Angers, the government publishes to-day in the IfotWesor a long account which adds nothing material to the details I have already sent you. The Moniteur coafirms the statement that the movement was a purely socialist one, and that the dearness of provisions had nothing to do with it. The Court of Angers is collecting materials for a prose cution of the parties arrested. Poor Ronald Puha, who has been a " great mane for 24 hours, is to-day taken down from his pedestal by the Moniteur. The official journal, which, as I noticed yesterday, did not at first report the Empe ror's speech, now says that incorrect versions of it have been circulated in the newspapers, and proceeds to give the precise terms of his Majesty's answer to the ambassador. It will be perceived that the only difference between the official and the previous ver sion of the speech is that in the former the word " great" does not occur before the word " man." 1 fled it generally believed that the word " great" was really pronounced by the Emperor, bat that on reflection it was thought too strong an expression to be officially avowed. However the contretemps may have happened, it is un fortunate. The Turkish Ambassador, whom it was sincerely desired to receive in the most friendly and complimentary manner possible, is placed in a some what ridiculous position, for it was a member of his suite who communicated the original report to the journals. The provincial journals speak of a visitation of cholera of extraordinary violence u having occurred at Soultmatt, a watering-plans hitherto accounted particularly healthy. We read in the Courrior d. Bas .Rkis: The exsontas of Souhaunt& aituatad at the bottoms of a pretty sad salubrious lit& valley, reckons a male, ties of three theasaad ash, of whoa the half (branding all 1 the rialtos to she waters) have alse s d i takes flight, drioa away by cholera. The scourge has raged to sash a degree that to ore wash slew then were 140 deaths is &almost& The lowish are ea an average foot 16 to 20 per day, sad such is the tenor felt, that the,. was a wood whoa it might be said that tho god was left oabaried. The prefeet of the departneut, who went to lioultsatett is perm, thought it wormy to mad the fipaaish refuges,, who are Woo* at Ooloar to aid fa stoning the intarnsuite. the magi* health Gam who resides at Soultanatt was well sounded by the pupils of the method *shoal of Btresbearg, sad the notary of 4ho is.., M. &am. is nest highly spokes of for his devotedassa. Ho visited all Ws sigh without distillation, and easouraged the fabst.heartsd. The old Curd of floolirsaatt, M. Mori* died a martyr to the discharge of his ►ay duty. The Igloos prevails, bat la a hoes viralaat degree, at Waithaltos, half a limas MOW, free loaltasatt, end in woo ow, manes of tho plata, more especially at Milsehhausen, now Znaisholo. when it has bass almost as HMO IS at &ohs gill. rig Smits, Camay, Thaaa, and KaMouse, the oho ion is detemaiag„ There is no doubt that the cholas is new in Paris, ulthough it is not, happily, sufficiently prevalent to slats Warns in the public mind. The last numbs; of the Ifonslawr des Hopigatse, @eye :—" The number of cholera mere has ocesithr. ably augmented. Them is mill a great difference of opinion as to the proper mode of treatment. Bat, while methods vary, the Moult is ow death in every two mew" I feel it very difficult to credit the statement in the Corrrisr du Bas Rho", that the Prefect sent the Spanish refugees in Colmar to bury the dead in SouSweatt. If the story be true, it is certainly moot diserseeful to the district, and in the absence of explaaation, not very creditable to the Prefect. Nothing could be more repugnant to French ideas of national hospitality than the sending helpless pri soners to perform a esrvios of danger, which their own people were allowed to shirk. The Awes, in its weekly omnisercial :review, nays that the movement in trade in Part hes not slack ened. Most of the factories have work on :hand for at least a month to comet and many orders are re fused on account of the impossibility of executing them within the time required. This is particularly the sees with regard to the Jewellery trade. The re tail begins. has profited enormously by the influx of foreigners. Corn is on the rise. The yield of the harvest is not generally so good as was expected. The Omegas/ionise! is asthorieed to contradict a report that the Credit Mobilise was shoat to lane a new series of shares with the same numbers as the present ones. _ The &eels speab of a profeot for bringing out a new journal in French and English to be called the 'Masco loodustrielk. This paper, which is, it is said, to appear very coop, is intended to be the organ of the commercial interests of the two nations. SPAIN. MADRID, Barr. I. The brigade under General O'Donnell has taken up a position at Medina-Cell, in order to check any Carnet movement. A reinforcement of 600 men will leave for Hap vannah at the end of September. SIR CHARLES NAPIER AND SIR JAMES GRAHAM. Sir Charles Napier hu given publicity to the fol lowing letters, apparently a selection from his cor respondence with the late First Lord of the Admiralty. The letters of Sir James Graham were marked "pri vate." We print them as we find them, without expressing an opinion as to the propriety of Bret making them public. JAY= °LIAM TO Ilia MARIA/ SATIN& Admiralty, Oct. 17, 1864. (Reed. 22nd.) My dear Sir Charles,—You refer to soy letters at the end of August, as eoutemplating then the early termination of active operations in the Battle for this year. I was not prepared, evea at that Use, fee the immediatel departure of the Freesia army after the septum of Bomar- ' sand; and I pointed out to you Abe, Sweag, aad Revel, as points which, with military aid, were open to attack. Much less was I prepared for the withdrawal, of the French squadron from the combined naval operations almost simul taneously with the departure of the army, so soon as 80. raanuad had been destroyed. These decisions were taken on the spot-1 believe, with your consent, but without any reference to the English government. Bat in August we had not seen the report of General Jones on Elweaborg, which you forwarded to us from Lediund on the 28th of August, and which was in your hands before el , her the French army or the French fleet had left the Aland Islands. That report is entitled to respect. It made a great impression here, and raised a strong presumption that with the aid of the military fens then present with the fleet, in seven or eight days the works at Bweaborg might be destroyed, and that the month of September a ff orded ample time for the operation. On the 6th of September you sent us the observations of General B•raguay d'Hillian sal of General Niel on the I report of General Jones. General Barsguay d'Hillien says expressly, after having reconnoitred Sweaboeg himself, together with General Niel : We partake of the opinion of General Jones. Sweeborg may be attacked and taken by the fleets, if they think fit to make on that fortress a serious attack." General Niel went further, and said that, without any military co-operation, eight or ten sail of the line could lay the works in ruins in two hours, by a bombardment near at hand, on the sea front, +Care the works are weakest ; and he intimated very distinctly an opinion that the attack ought to he made. In the face of thew reports, and within a week after re eelviag them, the Intelligence that the French army and French fleet had left you, without • shot being fired, except at Boananuad, was b oth a surprise and a disappoint ment. Then mane your own aseold reconnaissance of Bwaborg, and a plan of naval attack, which you considered practi cable. We wne anxious, if the French and English forces could be reunited, that it should have been tried even this year before the haseense lest which bad been aiseinhied retreated frog the Baltic; but ear own sailing ships having one to Kiel, and the French squadron being on its way borne, the opportunity was loot, and nothing now remains to be dose but gradually to withdraw the line-of-battle ships, and to await the moment when ice shall enclose the Roden lest within the Galt of Finland for the winter. No doubt, at the time of the equinox, there an heavy gales of wind in the Baltic ; it is a narrow sea and then is danger to large ships inlmaintaining the bl ockade, even when at anchor. Bat war is not conducted without risks and dungen; and prudence couista in weighing them, and firmness in encountering them; end nothing great by sea or land can be achieved without considerable peril, u your own experience and example have demonstrated. We await the next report of your movements, before we send you farther orders.-1 am yours sincerely, J. 0. His Excellency Sir Charles Napier, H.C.S. GRAHAM. No. minx= ZNPLY TO THE APOVI. Kiel, Oct. 27. illy dear Sir James—So far back as August 29 I an nounced to you the intention of the French General to withdraw his troops. I agreed with the French General sad Admiral that Sweaborg @sold not be attacked at this season of the year, and I have no hesitation is saying, bad we moved the troops and ships op to Miolo Roads, and landed 6,000 men, we should not bars brought aim man, and how many ships we would have lost I cannot my. After the rapture and destruction of Bonsarsond till I left Nargen, there have not been three days fit for operations that required Devon or eight, and then the daps and transports mast have lain amongst the rocks and shoals of Miolo Roads—a pettiest that might have doss for a general, but certainly not for an admiral. Shortly after the troops sailed, I communicated to you that the Preach admiral had received orders to go to Cher bourg, that they IMO dated the 30th of August; so that the decision was not taken on the spot, as you suppose. General Jones's report made no change whatever in our opinions. You say the French generals partook of General Jones's opinions ; then why did he not carry them out ? Surely, Sir James, you could not have read them; they are quite opposite. The French generals thought the fleet could knock down Sweaborg in two hour.. General Jones re quired a combined movement, which would require oven or eight days. The:French general, in hie letter to me ' says : "Noce partageoul l'opinion de M. le General Jones, Swishing peat-dtre Mugue et prise par his &Mee si ales vsulent fairs matte setts fortes-seas aae Miscue serif/sae." You will find no sash thing in General Jones's re port. The French panel must have meant General Niel's meet. Tie epistle's General Niel gave, in writing, after he had landed, he certainly did not give to the admiral on the spot; and the more I think, the more I am satisfied that sack an attack would end in a signal failure—even if we succeeded in knocking down theses face the work would be only begun. You say, Sir Jaws that Osumi Niel intimated very distiectly that the at tack ought to be made your board and you, Sir lames, do sot agree OD that point; in their letter to me they my, "Hut General Niel at the same time remarks that so bold an operation has not, to his knowledge, been yet attempted by ships against forts, and that it is sot his province to advise it ;" and they desired me to confer with Admiral Parseval, and ascertain whether he wan willing to join is a naval attack. " And if it ap pears both to you end to him an attempt too rash, yea are to cause thin Joint ispiaioa to be recorded ; but Rene agrees sad the other does net. the Admirals present should be gelled and their advice sad opinion taken." Thu wen 63 r;ldeoliaad attend ing the conference, u he had before given an opinion against attacking Sweshorg, sad the Mulish admi rals, after having read his (Guard Niels) report, said they had no reams to chugs the opinion they had already given, and in which Admiral Martin outlined. The troth is, the troops came too late—too many for Bomar sired, aid too few for fisresborg. The cholera got amongst them. General Jones made a proposal which the generals declined acting on. The people In Zealand were diseatis. fled, and, is some was moat be blamed, the gourmand waist to t►rew It ea ait, bet 1 will mot Move it. I ask you, Sir James, to examine the shad of timbers, mad ask yoamelf, if any seas In kie sloe% at this masoa of. the year, would anchor his ships in Mobs Heade, sad sow' MOOS operation that would require seven or eight days to finish, which was General Jones's proposal ; and I ask you whether may admiral world attack Sweeborg with hisakipe alone, contrary to his own judgment, and the opinion of the admirals whom he was ordered to scamp, bowies as *sewer thought It could be done t You were angry with me when I made use of the word mad," but, on my conscience, I believe it the may word applicable to such an operation. You say General Jones's report made a great Impression. I have no doubt it did ; it is very easy to make a report. Gwent Jesse knew that the French general would not land a man—we all knew it; aadl am site certain, after the emitinuatiou of bed weather General Jones saw on board the Duke of Wellington, he himself would not have landed • man. Had people eousidensh one lemnent, they would haw seen the impramicability of the attempt ; bat they thought Sebastopol was takes, and I must take Sweaborg, Revel, and Cronatad t. Afton the French Generals had reoonnoitred fiwasborg, I examined it again, sad sent home my opinion u to how it ought to be attacked—by ships, batteries, gun-hosts, mor tar boats, itc.—et great length ; and the Admiralty, as if anxious to get up a case against me, take it into their heads that I meant to attack it with the fleet shut, and were ~toiag to send back the French squadron and Admiral ge's ships, and though I have remonstrated, they =in still thinking so, and you, Sir J a m es , seem t o h ave Into the same error. Foamy, then seam your own semi vesonlelasance, and a pima of naval attack, which you considered prestimible." - Had I lima the smallest chance of swum I sbould ban attacked without the French, but I did not; end swely my on is worth more than a general of engineers; but the Admiralty seem to think different. The general talked of dentruping Sweaborg in two hours. It is much more likely the ships would bare been set fire to by red hot shot and shells, and some of them on shore by that time. Be assured it is a most dificalt place to attack, and whostru does it will have • hard nut to crack. No admiral hes, as yet, ven tured to attack such a fortress, defended as it is by art and thellare. The sunken rocks alone, combined with the smoke bens the guns and steamers, is no bad defence. You observed, Sir James, that the month of September gave ample time for the operation ; all the month of Sep tember ft was blowing a gale of wind, sad it was all that Captain Watson could do to keep his station. I did not wonder at the people of England expecting isaposdbilities, but I am surprised at the government countenaanag them at my east. I am glad the French ships did not come back ; the admiral had already given his decided opinion that it wee not practicable, and it was with that conviction that I de cided in complying with your wishes in sending away the sailing ship, which the Admiralty disapproved of. I do not wonder at your surprise and theappoiatment when you heard the French fleet and army had returned—the go. vernment ought to have informed you of it. I always warned you, even before the arriva l of the troops, that nothing more than Bentarsund could be done. They came too late, and I think they were fortunate in getting home safe ; It is more than I expected. I am quite aware that the Baltic is a dangerous sea, and that even blockading at anchor at this season is dangerous ,• and I knew that war is not conducted without risks and sad I amready to enesanter them as any man, tie it mill as not be driven by glamour to act oontrary to my Own Judgment. All summer, Sir James, you were cautioning me, and so were the government, not to risk my ships against stone walls, for which you had a great respect, and praising me foe the 1114[1.01 . I had conducted the fleet; now winter is come, you axe dissatisfied at my not doing impossibilities; and as the people are not satitfled, the government are pre paring to abandon me, because I will not follow the advice of a general, contrary to that of my own admirals, and dia metrically opposite to the opinion of the French general of engineers, and attack a fortress at a season of the year when it is more than probable I should have lost half my fleet. I have gone into this explanation at great length ; it has riven me much pain. lam conscious of having done my duty, and, if you are dissatisfied, you can bring me to a newt-martial, or remove me, u I before mentioned to the Admiralty. I am very far from well, and I assure yen this corre spondence has not improved my health, and I am suffering much from cold.—l remain, dear sir, yours very truly, CHAO. NAI.IIII. The Right Ron. Bir James Graham, Bart., G.C.8., Admiralty. NO. 111.—SIR JAUU GRAHAM TO SIB CHABLIS NATI= My dear Admiral, I am very unwilling to be in volved in a written controversy with you, but you have brought it on yourself, by :your report of the 25th of September, after your second resonnalseanee of Swiss borg. That report appeared to me to be entirely at variance with the opinions previously esprueed by you, and I certainly understood you then to say, that if you had mortar', rocket', and Lancaster guns, you considered Swea borg assailable by sea. In May you declared it to be unu sailable, by sea or laud, and the Admiralty did not send to yea the appliances wbicb, in September, you declared to be waati•g, because they believed, from your account, they would be useless against a place which in the ant instance you pronounced to be impregnable. I could not tiling myself to believe that the want of Lancaster guns or even of mortar', rendered • sea attack, on your plan o f of September, impossible, it you had 26 sail of the line re-auembled before the plum, with all their sauna of ver tical fire. lam sincerely sorry to hear that you ars unwell. I hops that Kiel Harbour and milder air will restore you to health.—l am, yours ♦ery truly, J. 0. GRAHAM. His Excellency Sir C. Napier, 10., 10., &C. NO. CHABLIS NATIRR TO SIR JANIS GRAHAM. Duke of Wellington, Kiel, Nov. 6, 1864. I can assure you, Bir James, it is far from my wish to enter into a controversy with you, bat I will not admit that I have brought it on myself; there is not a word in either my public or private letters that justifies the construction that you and the Admiralty hare thought proper to put on them. • My letter in answer to their lordships' last despatch is plain enough; but if their lordships think proper to deliberate on one part of my letter, and ignore another put, I can only protest against it; and I am quite prepared to defend myself against any unjust attacks that are made against me. I have documeets enough in my possession to justify my peados% Enough has not been done to satisfy an impatient public, as you celled them—some one must be blamed, sad I am the chosen one but I will not allow myself to be crushed bemuse I could not do impossibilities. All this stir has been caused by the reports of two engi• risers (one French and the other English), diametrically opposed to each other; in addition to which was the report of the capture of Sebastopol, not yet taken, though the fleet there is assisted by an army of 70,000 men, in a Sae climate ; and I have been expected to take places much stronger with a deft alone; and the tame people, who so often warned me against unnecessarily risking my eet, are now dissatisfied because I did not expose them to certain destruction. I presume you have seen Captain Sullivan by this time he is capable of opening the eyes of the government, If they are not hermetically sealed. I have gone through the world with honour and credit to myself, and just as I am about to leave it unworthy attempts are being made to ruin my reputation ; but they will fail, and recoil on themselves.—l remain, yours very truly, CHAS. NAPIER. The Right Hon. Sir James Graham, Bart., G.C.B , Admiralty. The following additional letters have appeared in the same journal this morning. It will be seen that they are dated earlier in the year: NO. 1.-111 H JANTS °WWI TO SIN CHAIM'S NAPTIN. Admiralty, Feb. 24, 1864. My dear Bir Charles,—The conversation which I had with yen yesterday has left on my mind the painful im pression that the means which the Admiralty has provided for fitting out and manning the North Bea Moat, are, in your opi n ion, insufficient for the occasion, aad unequal to an encounter with the Russians on fair terms. I have done my but to provide a fore' which I consider adequate to the duty to be performed ; and any exertion which this Board considen necessary, will be made wittout lintermiseion. You urged on me the propriety of offer*? bounty. If you are dissatisfied with the preparations that have been made and are in progress—if you have not entire confidence in the strength of the combined forties of France and England, you had better say so to me at onto, end decline to accept a command which, in your opinion, will not redound to your honour, or to the safety of your couatry. It will be far better that you should refuse the offer of this command thus undertake it with any sash misgivings. I have marked ray confidence in you by cffering it. If you decline it on account of the insufficieney of the moans which will be placed at your disposal, I must eadeavout to make mum other arrangement as soon as possible. Without a good will and hearty coacurrence, this Board and the Conitnander-in•Chief of the Baltic feet cannot work well together.—l am, my dear Sir Charles, yours very faithfully, J. G. OzAuAx. Vke Sir Charles Napier, H.C.B. I NO. matzo NAP'S& TO am JAIL= ORANAM. 18, Albemarle-street, Feb. 24, 1854. My dear Sir James,—l thought it my duty to point out to you what I thought the best way of manning the Beet, to ensure a great, glorious, and speedy victory over the Russians. I --- made difficulties when service was rental' Id, and, after a long life spent in honour, I am not going to make I theas now. I should consider myself a coward, end unworthy of bold ing her Majesty's OSIIIMISSiOII, wing I to decline any rervioe, be it ever so desperate. L,rd Nelson never declined any service, no more shall I, particularly after the confiding* you placed in me ; bat, with the means at my disposal, will do all I ;an fur the honour and glory of my Gluon and country, which shall not be tarnished in my bands; and I certainly have no apprehension of failing, either In good will or hearty eoncrirreacc with th. Board of Admiralty.-1 am, my dear Sir James, yours very faithfully, CHAS. NAPIOP.. The Right Hon. Sir James Graham, But, Admiralty. [Note.—The above latter is the best &sower to the rinses for not throwing up my command. The last paragraph of my letter will show that I reckoned without my heat —C. N.] so. 111.-011 3AX211 0141.1tAX TO BIZ CHARM XATIIi. Hosea of Commons, Feb. 24, 1861. toyear Fir do not anticipate that I Mull ask ygo adertake any "detteeraN"aerrun. Whoa I offered yew the minsead, I felt oertain that the hamar of rw country and of the flag might be safely sodded to ye% Your=nt distrust of the imam which I mild platy as Part was the sole muse ef some uneasiness ea my P Your sot* of this evening has dissipated:all doubt sad appisbension. I shall be moat happy to see you al the Admiralty to-morrow, at eleven o'clock, when we will discuss the arrangements which it will be necessary tkatake. —I am, my dear Bir Charles, yours vary faithfully. J. G. Qom. pia -Admiral Sir Charles Napier, H.C.B. NO. IT.—ILITILior OP LETT= PEON SIR PARIS MUZAK TO SIR CRARLIS NAPIER. Admiralty, Marsh 12, 1854. (Recd. 13th.) My dear Sir Chutes,—la the first place let me **gnaw late you on the perfect ensues of year proceedings of rho. terday. Never did a fleet sail in more regular order, eR under higher auspices. —I am, yoan sincerely, J. G. Giumue. Vice-Admiral Sir Charles Napier, H.C.B. NO. T.—EXTRACT OP LETT= PROW SIR PARIS OLEAN TO SLR CRUZES NAPES& Admiralty, April 5, 1854. (Recd. Bth.) ' My dear Sir Charles,-1 am highly satisfied with you movements, and with the position which you have taken up for the present. Mr. Buchanan and Mr. Grey can reedit p 00MRIEsieRt• with you where you now are ; and most s a fe information from Stockholm readies you without loss 41 time.-1 am, yours very truly, J. G. Ghanuir. OP LOTUS PROM BM JAM OLEAN TO SIR CHAIM= NAPITIL Admiralty. April 10,1864. [Reed. 19th.) My dear Sir Charles,—l um entirely satisfied with you proceedings. Neither Lord Clarendon nor myself amid. ported your movement inside the Belt, and believed that you would watch is the Kattegat the entrance of the Bona 4 and of the Belts, until you received orders to enter the Battle. You judged, however, wisely, and the Ulna whiek you have gained has been very precious, and the passage d the Belt in fine weather, and in safety, has been ama successful expleit.-1 am, my dear Admiral, voun TIT/ tral J. G. ()immix. is Excellency Vice-A.dnairai Sir Charles Xavier, R. 0.3. [Note.—On the 24th Marsh the Admiralty called ay atuntioa to their order of Bth Much, directing me le remain in Wingo Sound until farther orders, and salad that I appear to have left it without smigaing ng reasons, sod to hams Well therein without the emu roues of the Board, although I took out sealed askew, dated 10th March, directing me, with nference at ay first orders, to follow Lord Clarendon's instructions, hi , taking tip a position near the entrance to the Bahia, to prevent any Russian ships :passing out into the North Sea on the opening of the bre. I accordingly anchored ki Hive Bay on the let April, and received the declaration of war the following day. On the Bth of April the Admiralty wrote, that, under tl.e elmemnstances stated by me, them lordships approved of my • But, strange tomy, on the 13th January, 1 the Admiralty mined me of having quitted Wingo without orderx—C. N.l ON LITTER PROM 811 DYES GRAHAM TO SIR CHARLES NAPIER. Admiralty, Msy 1, BSC CReed. 15:b.] My dear Sir Charles,—lt will be best, in the first in stance, to feel your way, and to make good your hold is the Gulf of Finland. When I say thip,l by no means con template an attack either on Sweaborg or on Cronstadt, I have a great respect for stone walls, and have no fancy foe tanning even screw line-of-battle ships against them. Be cause the public here may be impatient, you must not be rash; because they, at • distance from danger, are fool hardy, 7ou must not risk the loss of a fleet in an impossible eaterprim. I believe both Bvesborg and Cronstadt to be all but impreg nable from the eea—Sveabotg more especially--aud none but a very large army could co-operate by lend efficiently, in the presence of such • force as Russia could readily cousin. crate for the immediate defence of the approaches to bee capital. If, then, you have no means, except naval, at your command, you must pause long, and consider well, before you attempt soy attack on the Russian squadrons in their strongholds; sad I am afraid that they are much too cautions to come out and meet you. Had you been weaker, they might have done so. Now they will wait, and wateh an opportunity in the hope that you will seriously cripple your force, by knocking your head against their forts when they may take you at a serious disadvantage, and inflict fatal blow. These considerations must not be overlooked by you ' • I recall them to your mind lest, in the eager de sire to achieve • great exploit, and to satisfy the wild wishes of an impatient multitude, you should yield to some rash impulse and fail in the discharge of one of the noblest duties, which is, the moral courage to do what you know to be right, at the risk et being accused of having done wrong. It is enough to present this view to your deliberate atten tion ; you will reflect on it, and I am certain that your judgment will not err.—l am, my dear Admiral, yam sincerely, J. G. Giulia's. His Excellency Vieo•Admiral Sir Charles Napier, E.C.E. NO. VIII.-IXTBACT OP LITTNR PROM SIR JAM= 0/1.11.14C TO lila CIILILLIB II•Plii. Admiralty, May 15, 1854. My dear Sir Ckarlee,—lf anything can be done, you will discover the best means of doing it; but no rash experi ments must be tried which do not bold out a reasonable prospect of enecess. I still think that a complete blockade of the Gulf of land must be your first operation, and the occupation, fi possible, of an anchorage within the Gulf, where you eau command a supply of water.—l am, yours eiacerely, J. G. Oakium. LOT OP TarrEa PROM 811 JANIS (MAUS TO SIR CHARLES NAT lER. ------ ----- Admiralty, June 20,1854 [Reed. 27th.] My dear Sir Charles,—l am wall aware of all the difficul ties of your position, and of the impossibility of triumphing over an enemy who will not fight you on fair terms, bat you will discipline our fleet, and nuke our °Man sod men fit and ready for any service. It is a disgrace to Russia that she due not show a ship in her own waters, and that she is driven to seek for safety under the shelter of bert fortunes. It would be madness to play her game, and to rub head long on her granite walls, risking our naval superiority, with all the fatal consequences of defeat in an unequal con test with wood against stone, which in the lung run cannot succeed. I had reliance on your prudence, which was doubted; your brilliant courage was proved long ago; you will now show to the world that you possess a combination of those great virtue , which are necessary to mace a consummate Commander in-Chief.—l am, yours vary truly, J. G. GRAHAM. BIRMINGHAM MUSICAL FESTIVAL BIRMINGHAM, SATURDAY. The Festival terminated with a ball last evening, at which the noble president (Lord Willoughby de Broke) and some 600 persons were present. The gross receipts wia fall little abort of 12,0001.; but we are as yet uninformed of the exact amount, and there are donations yet to come is. Up to yesterday afternoon the figures stood u follow:: Receipts 1852 £10,638 9 3 Receipts ...... ..... 1853 ... ES9S 16 0 This excess has been made up entirely by the increased attendance, for the donations have sadly fallen off; and dui figures above do not include the ball receipts. The expense& are unquestionably greater than they were at the last feetS% val, ;but at present it is impossible to say what sum will accrue to the charity. Be this as it may, there can be us doubt bat that the character of the Festival has been greatly heightened by the last week's performances, and that this Birmingham Festival is stamped as the greatest musical celebration in the world. After the attainment of such complete success it would bean omission not to add one word of acknowledgment to those by whom it has been achieved. We can find no better words for this than those supplied in the Journal of this morning: "No one eau estimate the amount of anxiety, labour, and self sacrifice which Mr. Mason has undergone; and his arduous duties have been discharged with the promptness of a man of business and the courtesy of a gen tleman. The best praise that can be awarded Mr. Stimpson is the universal opinion thatjin or out of England a better disciplined choir cannot be found." We only append an expression of thanks to Mr. George Whiteley, for the ready disposition he on all occasions evinces to supply the press with information upon matters of detail—a courtesy which we have pleasure in acknowledging. The Euphrate, which left Constantinople on the 27th of August, has arrived at Marseilles with 'deices from the Crimea to the 26th of August. Prince Ladialas Czartorisky leaves Paris this evening, with several foreign officers, for Manillas and Constantinople. They are about to organise a corps of Ot toman Caesaskt, which will be composed in part of Poles. Colonel Lagondia, who was made prisoner eight months ago by the Russians, also I this day for the Crimes, and to placed at the disposal of General Pa lissier. Col. Lagondia bad bean, since his return to France, attached as Chief of the Staff to one of the divisions of the camp of Boulogne. The government has purchased sixty acres of land In the neighbourhood of Ramble, in Hampshire, for the pur pose of building an extensive Military Hospital there. Humble Is at present a depot for shell fish caught in the West of England and off the Channel Islands. The Wass/ Hospital will increase its size and importance materially The river Ramble is navigable far ships of moderate bar ;hen. It is most probable that • railway 'will connect Ramble with the Bishopstoke and Gosport line.