The Express. — London, England, 1850-09-05 00:00:00

Zile erpreMs. OUTGOING MAILS. TM mans North Manisa, Ilmmuda, sad tke Thalia Seams will be mode up ta.mormw seeable. Ms meals for !astute, Spate, sad Oibmleer will be ma& we es September 7. Tee made via blermillos, to Us Medlmmanuel, Collett gala. Rear• Swag, Me., will be made up t il t; miles of S pa. 7. TM seeds hir Hommeeb, Misdates, News Jesse 1, Chili, mid bo mode up os tbo mends/of Sept 17. ne less libdie Mobs ouladlog Hoodlum, Massea, lie maul, sod I semel (Sr. Dosing.), sad ladadieg Tom • Paola, Neer Orsaada.mil Grey Tome (St Jam 4•lllieregua) will be made up ea Me moraist, September 17. TM mails es Gibraltar, Malta, Gmese, tbe beim blaadt Saps C.y1.., India, sad Ctilas ef. IleMbempass, will M sada as ea Me merrier of Sept W. TM mails toe Meals. will be made ap ea °Mabee 2. Ito mum ler Kedges Me Brazils, sad basses Apes, will M mule ay cm the emeksi of 0.1. 4. 611011 WALT= AT 101 MON NUMB. Tamp Oat—lllorwom IN Um AlOmetoi.ll. Ma Te...a... —Wigs& IL 0 A APAnosa. 7i. 7.• LOPDON. THURSDAY. SEPTEMBER 6. MANY things are indicative of improvement in Ire land. For • considerable portion of the harvest the hoar of peril is slowly past. There will be less wheat of prime quality saved this year in the eastern half of the kingdom than is former seasoos; there was less than formerly planed. and not a little has ushered from blight. But of oats, which may lei regarded as the staple corn crop in that gantry, the sawing has been greater perhaps than it was ever before. and the yield is likley to be anustolly abundant. As between the two kinds of cereal culture no rational man can doubt which, in the main, it is s ifs and wise for the farming classes to rely upon. The one is seen to flourish with luxuriance in every district ofthe island —to resist unharmed the influences of a humid at mosphere and a procrastinated harvest—and, what is of great importance in a country whose occupiers cannot afford to incur the extreme risks of fluctuating prices, to being • steadier return than any other to the toil and outlay of the busbaodman. Next in importance to the oat crop is that of flax, the culture of which has for some time been steadily increasing throughout the southern and western pro visoes. Its produce is subject to greater variations, and in some respects it is a crop more precarious. But it is impossible not to be struck with the magni tude of the interest which flax, as the only known alternative to cotton, is destined to assume in a national point of view.• We have suf fered the means of extending our supplies of cotton to pass unimproved, until a rapidly increasing consumption and • succession of partial failures in the annual yield hove raised the raw material of our greatest branch of nianufsotnri' g itdurry to some thing like famine rife. Years of ezertion and enter prise may elapse before new cotton fields shall be found capable of famishing the abundant sup ply our spinning mills crave • and the whole prospect is still overhung with • thick cloud of difficulty and doubt. The sole alterna tive to either cepiral or skill hitherto devoted to textile fabrics of the sort in question appears to be that presented by the growth and manipulation of flax. More universal in its collieability than cotton it has only been deposed from its historical pre-emi nence as the material of universal use, by the superior cheapens' of its rival. But, in a practical point of view, this superior cheapness arises from the application of me chanical invention to the to collar elasticity (so to speak) of the cotton fibre. When similar ingenuity and care shall have been steadily applied to the adap tation of mechanism to the preparation of flax, we cannot doubt that a vast reduction in the cost of its manufecinie will tyke place. And it stems equally iroapricabletoanticipste that the steady and persevering devotion of agricultural energy to its resuscitation as a great el ment of prod', wilt of necessity tend to pro mote the same result. In this aspect it is highly sa tisfactory to know that c maiderable progress towards extending and improving the growth or fax in the sister island is manifest this year, and that way is making towards introducing those economising m esons which contribute so largely in Belgium and elsewhere to turn the crop to most account. The fears which have naturally prevailed for some weeks regarding the fate of the potato are a good deal din. loid. If half the cvp is saved from the lingering malignity of the fatal blight, there will be, it is said, no lack of food fur the labouring classes during the cutting spring- For the present food and work are equally abundant. In some places there is seen • want c f harvest hands. The suicidal folly of the extermination system is beginning to be felt; and it is probable that its con stquet cm will be still more perceptible next year. Fur the tide of emigration ie still remitter ingenue ably, and the proportion of young and energetic men who are impatient to escape from a land of social bender. and 'sectarian subju4atioc, is necessarily Brewer than that of weaker age or sex. Fur every picture has its reveres side; and the prement upset of Ireland is no exception to the rule. Pestiletee ha pained away, and nature has resumed her genial influence. The mesons in their revolutions grow once again propitious. Every thing relents but the tiranny of man. The blind and besotted love of unenj iable power by the few over the many is in exonb.e ; and the recklessness of rulers who leave the glaring injuries which millions suffer 'unarmed beam there is no parliamentary necessity for doing torneihing towards it remedy, seems wholly invincible. Physical improvement, industrial con fidence, political eonterment, fiscal retrench ment—all are retarded and prevented by tee infatuated tenacity with which the legislature clings to feudal principles of land-owning and land-letting. Under the existing system a good and a just landlord may, it is true, have a happy tenantry and a produc tive estate ; but so he might have under any species ef law. Toe merit in such CMOS is not due to the law, but to the man. And the frightful evil is that the premilieg system in Ireland being innocuous only where practically it is not relied upon, affords a legal sane- Boa spa hsbitaal extortion, exaction, and op peesawa nisch as would drive a more prooperoae, and therefore more impatient and led-respectful, people into abso lute Messy. And the danger is, that as the moral mange of the resen.ful, though hitherto despondent, multitude revive., they may be misled into courses from which the heart and judgment of those who sympathise most keenly wine their wrongs instinctively recoil. It is net in human nature to endure patiently for ever seek cruelties and hardships as the Irish farming clam rinfeterdly and notoriously ere compelled to gaffer. The landlord in England makes every requisite improvement end lets the farm far the same rent that the landlord in Ireland claims for hie lead without improvement. If the tenant trim to work it as he gets it, no toil or thrift on his pert can compensate for the risk and loss to which for want of buildings, drains, and fames, his snips are admittedly exposed. If be makes these improve ments at his own cost, the rent is raised air he is evicted ;—in either ma he is robbed. Bat it is rob bery according to law ; and oar rulers desire that it should continue to be so. WHAT is to become of the inheritors of great titles and gnat names when their Amuses bosom dilapi dated, when a century of spendthrifts reduce their income to a pittance, or an Encumbered Estate, Bill tares them adrif t upon the world P The spirit and the determination of the time is, that the places usually ailed and the salaries esjoyed by emelt mag nates shall be abolished. The while laid the hatchet to the Irish vies-royalty as inarave tient, and if they failed of their stroke it wu merely owing to the peecipitate and awkward way in which they went about it. Now, the great embaiwies are to be abolished. And, we shaU have one of these day" a =7l e ll e e l ' Indies, with Hindustan divided into twisty prefectures. It is remarkable, that this species of genteel sans ewlicasw, which BURKS so deplored, is not the work of radicals. It Is the knot aristocracy that mum to get rid of Its overgrown bhna, as stupid and =ekes, or dead weights in fact. Tu ns m a g n a u s and eroded toe their polities' :Bl e sie c orceniri=o d i, their power to nastiest' sad to speed. But with their political power has expired their inflame; their wealth, too, seems to have evaporated at the same time. Zug hatifire where it did exist, sad might *MP hiss been ti llz b lung away, because MS .waster stee ao us that Gould be alb Th•••• Is fad pidakisil sad lot it should survive, the economists are palliog down even the hospit als where it might And momentary retie. Folly do we join, sod sisesnly do we emu with the wisdom of abolithing such places se these t het we anent go the length of a morning contemperary,whish rapiers to abolish diplomacy altognther a r s t AE moo. It is the fashion indeed to nnedown and teas it is, that the members of certain do and have esatianed to get as exorbitant sham of weal* from the pablin This is ewisg, le a gm* measure, however, is the idiocy el the mid pulite, who, in selecting their physisiaa or their lawyer, follow rumour and feeler" inlaid of exercising die ceramist and disention. The pablis haviag spent half • century in making kids of the shish audits prolusions, are now takers with a lathy to break the same idols, and strip them of their geld and finery. Bat in troth their jealous panieseny is u mean sad senseless as was their prodigal and blind idolatry. Radicals though we be, we humbly recommend that the law as a profession should be allowed to exist. And for pretty much the same rem ta wo should recommend that diplomatists be allowed be exist. It is not became highly-born, highly-paid diplomatists have proved the emptiest of imesalee, that for this reason the profession is a worth less the, or its learning and experience to be slighted and dame without. Let us recollect what hap pened after the great French revolution. In sweep ing away ell the upper classes, those skilled in the forms of society and in dealief with the educated and well bred, the French republic found that its diplo matic affairs were very badly managed ; that it could gain no point, obtain no dear information, nor held any influence in say court of Europe. The Directory first, Boturattee after, saw the mistake, and were obliged to have recourse to the school of old diplomacy. We agree folly that envoys at Stattgard, or at Dresden, are a mere waste of public money. At Berlin, at Vienna, at Paris , we should be glad to see wealthy magnates give place to able and business-knowing ministers. But to have Eng land represented at these courts by mere consular agents would be bad economy, and a writhe We take. We dare ea_y it would be more agreeable to the autocrats of Vienna and St. Petersburg not to be troubled by the presence of real diplomatists. What they would prefer would be either a great lord, who would chime in with the courtier class, or a mealy agent whom they might refute to see, and whom they might threaten with the refusal or with drawal of hie ezegesotrr. Thus bath the Curt, we understand, treated that worthy man, the ex-pro- prietor of the Morning Pose, whom it pleased the whig ministry to appoint consul-general at Bt. Petersburg. Rome is another place where we have a consular agent. The gentleman, Mr. Fatteiroont, merely dis played the Cnristian virtues of charity and upon one occasion, protesting against the bow= ment of Rome by the French, and on another coos stun by helping to get some mores of the defilade,. of Roue into a place of safety far from Pontified vete geanee. These Christian acts, denounced at the nument by . the agent of the Timm in Rome, appear also nab becione acts to the papal vicegerent of Christ, that be daily threatens Mr. FRSEBORN with expulsion. The Tuner aid the POPE, who are wont to hunt is couples after poor lib. rale, may thus join in the than and persecution of a consular agent. But a minister would defy them and their girt% We do not think, indeed, that there should be that marked difference of reek between the consular sad the diplomatic agent. Both should be bred la the same school, bought with the same expirince. stamped with the same character, and posseseed et equal intelligence. The one should not be theses from the ranks of needy nobles, the other from waifs of the naval or of any profession. aplomacy, whether mercantile or political, is a profession. It might have ire grades, but should be one requiring in all poets brat-rate character and acquirements, and maintaining fret-rate position. Bat as to the peculiar kind of envoy to be sent and maintained in each post, that should evidently depend on the government, and the nature of the 000 rt to which the diplomatist is autredited. In the good city of Hamburg a consoler agent would hi well placed. Whilst in a royal residence, where it is often important that an envoy should approach the fountain of power—the autocrat of the empire—it is requisite that the interests and dignity of Ene land should be cared for and represented by a man of weight, posi tion, and tale at. Nor is there any nerd of spending on such a personage the enormous salary bestowed hitherto on the great embassies. Ova of the direct of the many dire calamities which were foretold as the molts of the repeal at the Corn•laws, was the depreciation in the value of land, which was cot only certain but was to be immediate. The sinister vaiicination, however, has been as lite rally fulfilled as were the predictions of the sages,who held that the ruin of British commerce Ironic be the necessary result of the independence of the American coloeies, and that the monarchy would not be worth ten years' purchase after the pegging of the Reform Bill. It was in vain that it was urged that the value of the land would be maintained and more than main tained by an improved agriculture, by the introductioe of more capital into the business et salivation, and by the establishment of a tattle,' roes of tenure. No device could adequately supply of the menaced corn laws, and the vales et i• Oreat Britain was only ti be upheld by . tbe posple eeetinning to pay a war price for food in a time of proound peace. the awn laws have been now virtually ended he the last hew years, and what has been the rank , Is the ha simple of land in Oreat Britain materiaßy Mar is voles than it was in INS? It is notorious that it is am so, although but little additional capital leo as yet been applied to its culture, and although bat 6w, if any, improvements have been introduced isle oar system of teem. Had these things Mahn pleas es they might have done, and as they yet end (mobs value of land, instead of being meta lobs& would have considerably inweesed within the la* tsar years. Without them it cannot be said to ban diminished, a triumphant fact in favour of the ales imparts tson of food. Thew two hut few agricultural districts in Ragland mblali de ast afford illustrations of this. When there M a fees to let, is there a want of applicants, or a taWmgeff in the met offered P Oeserally speaking, the reverse is the ease. The applicants are as neme ses' as ever—in many instances more so— whilst act only are former rents maintained; but, in a large proportion of mess, higher meta are offered than before. The same may be said of many of the low land districts of Scotland, in Ayrshire for instants', where highs, terms are both offered and demanded lot such he.. as fall in. Nay mare, farmers, when cireamolmagas will permit, evince an eagerasee to Somme repriessre, by exameting their leaseholds into fielded& sad addieg to rack freehold property as they may have already acquired. To be sure, with all this, them is a great deal of grumbling, which, bearever, and sot eararhes as, when we consider that gr is a &tomb weakness at the egrioaltarel aer manibet itself in times of reel or as sumed adversity, it cease sot in their palsied days et peasiperitt at It was the same with the West India. it I. surely a saildent refetatisa d e"s i iiit. j e 4s .....b.d rel as regards eon l the value of W that fat eald; me higher vests new eared for farMs, bet that theme bras( Ohs most thorough haw/ledge at the value sad eerhinties of the soil, are se ready and is aszisss as ewer S. laved their mesas in its parakees. lie or seed despair eI the value of lead, w slag as linens are kind easier to harems proprietors. The mirth et Beetlesol braishes, to elms ardent, as exemption to what le here stated. There is there M es& eager comrades far farms as is the math ad, tor the rant, the value of stabs lasi as Y~esseepltiasy the eat b slightly downwards. De eases aro gamenlly treeealtim to mope . mases, and ea training into this we fad that lead eiroametress have more to do with it them have the late dears is our commercial ',ditty. For semen years back the least saleable =o e Ile meth et Boatload has bees arable sap for roam shooting has imparted a high yaw to twigs trade of desolate moorlaad, rad* he ages, wen comperatively valosiess. no Mad sow salsas' by the liesme of emote readily seamd his ems' weltee with gams is two years' mat is amjeos. lloglielmess tapir Is shesla every as t• umth, sums ama a love of sport, sisal lama s dubs Iff , sad others ark tots THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENIIIO,O PPTEMERR) ; UMW r " qualify for minty is the sonny, by having it , Leo. 30. la ootat their power ti tidelt say = tit= ti;lhe rmapai ve iiallear The P ar nsilla , riseeleit 'XZNa xint at l F urtia th beri i° mon left ats tie. taßle Witittid lairds, boot whit= day take' . CASBBL, fee a month' or six witehe at it mut (goal to Yesterday the Atmentlay of Siete* declereditelig width Hsep may be lei for a lash per for unsaimously for the cause of Schleswig-Holateta, raslme-varpostin Whilst tibia 'twat inereamuthe partly by toe =pewit : on of its warm sympathy, and lake of property, formerly all bat valueless, hen saved partly by a resolution to take immediate steps for dis pels b an k rupt ., man y a northern propriet o r,• It b ee charging the claim of the duchies on the electoral beenght moor laud into a degree of repute which bar 'llower7 for • portion of the war charger of 1849. net w ok l an d b,t o the shade. There ere in the Several deputies spoke mist esergetioally ie favoetoc Highlands many tracts of as fine corn-growing land the immediate payment of thin debt of boomer. Ter es is to be found in the kingdom ; but properties of day the committee vegetated its report on the govern this kind may be long in the market without a single went requisition of authority to collect the taxes des oiler being suds for their porches. whilst moorland to September I st. The committee proposed to seas is readily bid fur. To argue free; this that arable lion the receipt of the indireet taxes only. A deputy land throughout the kingdom is at a diecoaat, would of the Left brought forward s remind= expese@ing be not on l y w o o e d, b at Lea th er y to plain gad well the refusal of the chamber to enteetain the minis aatablishad facts. In the sates way it would terial bill. Hie semi= was only seppoeted by 13 be erroneous to inter that beams rents are votes, and the general discussion will commence to looking downwards, and there is compare. morrow. The Bloater lies refused to receive the testy little competition for farms to districts deputation of the chamber with the address in reply so situated, rents were neorsearily declining through- to the speech from the throw out the length and breadth of the country. alpha into who wish to invest their money in arable lend, are not prone to become the purchases of Highland properties ; end farms= who are ready to pay high rents, are desirous of being as near good markets as they an, sad of being so close as possible to the gr ea t lines of internal Italie. Highland fares, on a large male, have thee never been in much re (inlet, whilst, for the reasons already given, the value of their fee simple had a downward tendency, before the sweep big legislation of 1848 was either feared or dreamt of. With a declining his simple, it is but natural to look for a declining rental, more particularly in districts where, from the paucity of population, the distance from markets, and other causes, large ;arms at high rents have never been greatly compete d for. It may be urged that this is mistaking the effect foe the cause, and that a declining fee simple is caused by a declining rental—the latter being =see monad by the withdrawal of meow= hem, agriculture. But rents were staintaiaed lee asessidee• able time after the value of the tee-simple begs mar olive, and this declension commenced anterior to Ow repeal of the corn-laws, occasioned by causes whelk, independent of that measure. It rents now also in. a downward tendency, it is because it is bat naming to offer less for the temporary um of that the market value of which is Ism than formerly. It la to this, Mid not to the withdrawal of protection, that we have =ciliate the declining tendency of rents in the High lands—for were the withdrawal of protection the muss, the effect would have been more universally felt than it has been. To argue, therefore, that, be comes lower rents are being offered fur highland farms, the value of land is everywhere declining, is but to substitute the exception for the rule. If the value of arable land in the High lands could be maintained, a great change most be effected in the whole system of tenure. Such a change is needed to lead to the in vestment of additional capital in the cultivation of the soil in districts more favourably situated than the Highlands, and the application of more capital to the working of the land is absolutely essential to the maintenance of the value of arable tracts in the High lands. The Highland proprietors have a greater in terest in this than many of them are yet aware of. At present the increased value of their moorlands may mare than compensates them for any falling off in the value of their arable tracts. But how long is this to continue P It mime suddenly, and may go as sud denly; and it must be confessed that the conduct of many of the proprietors in exacting the most exwbi taut rents for their moors is tending to prams the reaction which may soon bring them back to their former comparatively valueless state. Let them take warning from the fate of a noble proprietor in the vicinity of Inverness, who has not been able this year to let a single shooting, his exorbitant demands having . been met by a combination in the London dabs against him, which has resulted in his moors being left on hie hands, entailing apex him a loss of some thousands a year. It is in view of the possible decline cf the rage for sporting, that the Highland proprietor. would do well to look to their arable lands. Throughout many of the stratus, the larger farms are let on the terms which are so pre valent in the south of Scotland, but the greater por tion of the cultivated area of the north is in Use hands of tenants, whose holdings are small, whom capital is nil, and whose tenure is such as prevents them from making any exertion in the way of improvement. The insecurity of tenure which prevails flu as mesh to do with the depreciation of Highland property as it has to do with the depreciation of property in Ireland. Another great source of mischief, in this Teepee, to the highlands., is the embarrassed condition of many of the old proprietors. his rather curious that a country like Scotland, which has, or at least professee,ssok claim to superiority in other respects, should be so hub ward in its landed system, especially when we =est der how much that system hes to do with the welfare and advancement of a community. Until within the last few years, the feudal atre m existed in Scotland in far greater rigour than in most =nutria of the continent; and the *strut to which the sot pealed a few years ago for facilitating the treader of =tailed watts was taken advantage of showed the necessity which existed for ench a measure, both for the relief of embarrassed proprietors end the general improve ment of estates. That measure should be carried further. We want, in fact, an Encumbered Estates Bill for Scotland. With such a bill, the Highlands would soon change hands : and instead of The CHM HOLM and the MACINTOSH, we should /On have the JONES and the Spurn at Hatless and )loy. With such a meamire, Highland property would sot fall back, whilst property elsewhere was either keeping its ground or advancing, and the advocates of an ex ploded fallacy would be drp-ived even of an excep tional argument with which to supporta general pro position. DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. Dates from Rev:debar( are to lb, 266 alt, and from Haroberg to the let instant. Tne letters Irom Hanabarg Mote : "Intelligence has been received of a skirmish of outposts near Holzbungo The. Schleswig- Holsteicers lost one killed and four wounded, while the reports of the number of prisooers taken and brought by Won into Reodaborg vary. The lowest number given i• five. The Danish loss in killed ard wounded le unknown. The left wing of oar army has moved towards Sorgbruck, and the whole body is on the move. The men are exceedingly anxious to opine to an engagement. Many of the volunteers who have just joined the army were only nineteen years of lige ' and were too anxious to serve their country to wait for the legal age of military service. Among the foreign officers who have lately devoted themselves to the eases of freedom in the dm:bleats Lisatettant.Colonel Von Breitenbach, lately in the service of the Doke of Nassau. " Baron Henry von Arnim left on the 30th for Biel, whirs he was prepared to devote himself with heart and seal to the cease of Schleswig-Holstein. Protest., IL Seaver, of Berlin, left foe Rendsborg by the same train. From Niel we hear that the Stsathaltersohaft has abandoned the intention, lately entertained, of summoning the National Assembly at the commencement of September. The cause of this change of intention is probably the sufficiency of the freewill contributions, and some of the sums doe by vories' German governments on account of the war leer-noes in 1809, to enable the government to defray entreat charges, without calling at present on the country." The ,!pener Zeitung states that M. Pechlin is at present in Vienne, in order to arrange a pacification of Holstein after Austrian views and Danish hopes. Austria will procure the ratification et the treaty by the diet and deliver the same to Prussia. The Copen-1 Dagen government poblirhed on the 25th current the law abolishing all customs distinctims between Den mark and Schleswig. It comes into operation on the let of September. The provisional militia law for Schleswig. based upon that of Denmark, was pub lished on 213th. The Dannewerk newspaper contains a note from I Flensburg stating that on the 26th sixty ladies were brought thither ender military escort. Their hue bends sod brothers bad escaped. A Prussian officer and eight men were brought in on the same day. The Doutaelai Kfurme states that the house of L. Behrends and Bon, will known for its extensive smuggling transaction., has again been mulcted in 340.000 marks with forfeiture of its rights of tranrit. In Leipsie also, where this house has a branch esta blishment, its right of importation has been with drawn. The house mu.t hive been fined in all to the amount of nearly half a million marks. Telegraphie intelligence from Kiel, of the 3rd inst., is to the effect that the Chambers of the &whits have been called together on the 9th. FRANCE. PARIS WPDNISDAT MOANING. A decree in the Moniker puts an end to the ad interim administration of the marine department of the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Rear-Admiral Roman Draftee* the minister, hating resumed his duties. Marshal Soalt is seriously ill. Lord Palmerston bee written to the French govern ment to say that Vice-Admiral Cochrane and about 40 officers of the English navy wilt visit Cherbourg to witness the =enamoring of the Beet. The council-genval of the Marne.et•Seine has, after an animated dismission, decided that no political questions should be entertsioed by it. The council-general of the Var has rejected a pro reition for the repeal of the electoral law. The Trans's de la Givade has been cosvicted of having pablished an unfiithfol report of the proceed ings of the provincial councils of the departments. Oar Paris parcel of yesterday evening did not ar rive until immediately before going to press. We most consequently limit our extracts to the follow ing: WZDIIIIIMAY Bvawiwa. According to the accounts rent up to Paris by persons of the suits of the President of the Republic, or by individuals who accompany him, his journey to Caerbourg has commenced with great Eclat. At Ina eras la Ville, the country oat of the Mi nister of the Interior, all the national guards of the environs were assembled under arms, headed by the clergy And accompanied by a vast crowd All these are represented to have hailed hies with enthusiastic shouts of Vive lo President! Viva Napoleon!' After re ceiving the local authorities and partaking of a repast, the President continued his journey. At Pe.oy, a little town not far from Hereon., the maul o'pal council bed refused b incur any expense for his reception, bat the working men are stated to have made a collection among themselves for that purpose. The town of Hereon was decorated with triumphal arches. The President arrived there at seven o'clock, and was heartily greeted. He after wards received the authorities, and attended • ban epee. The total number of °noon' general which op to to-day have voted in favour of the revision of the constitution is 25, but of these twenty demand the revision in the form and at the time set forth in the constitution. As regards the desired prolongation of his term of caw then, the Pr, sidsat has nothing to congratulate himself no. The couneile whose] deci sions have become known to-day, are those of Loir et-Cher, ham and Bete. Some sensation has bees caused today by the cele bration in the chapel of the Palace of the Tuileries of a mass foe the repose of the soul of Lents Philippe, and by its having been attended by M. Geis* M. Damon, M. Duehetel (whom departure for Claremont was announced by mistake by one of the journals), M. Jay °moral Changarnier, and several eminent Yucntioainien of the late monarch. GERMANY. PRUSSIA. Oar Paris correepoadeot writes "Letters from Vienna of the 29ch alt. received here say that is several provisoes of Russia the peasants ere is ieserreetioa against the nobles, sad that is feet a veritable jaggiest' e is raging." AUSTRIA. A letter from Vienna, of August 28, says: " The Sings of Bavaria sod Wiirtaaaberg ore ex pected to take part in the Russian and Asetrisa con ferences ea the German question. Aglaia desires to see the diet restored, but with furicttoos more mere spading to the treaties of 1815 than before. Prises Bohweisesberg is disposed to attach every import mos to the °mown of Ramis respecting the external relations of Uermany, but to deny to that power say isompateaes in her internal affairs." Bahux, Barr. 3.—Volastarr Loss. 1061; Now Lass, Peet•ead a-Half per COM& 991 ; Beamed Debt, 860 Cesemenial Maria, Beateey's Preaaam,ll24 ; Beak Blume, iirisarsa, Bass. $ —IUD par Cask Matalliquea, 96 15.10 ; Fasr-ssara-Ball pn Coats. ditto, IN ; Bask Baal% 1,106 itsaksay as Look.. 11.119. The restricted aiiiiiitWe;Difieration has mat at last; it assembled in Bichenbeiustreet, at Frank fort. on the itad inst. Trete were ple..ipotentlariss from Austria, Bavaria, Bump, Hanover, Wortsmbsig. Hems Caws=, Hems Darmstadt. Louisburg, Li.u -t erg, Datmark (for Holbtetn), Macklsobsrg-Iltrelitz, Schaumburg-Lippe, Lichtenstein and Hesse Hom burg. Prussia and ter allies of mores sent no repressetative& A Bavarian corps of troops hubris assembled at Asaltaffeaberg. It is said that this force is intended to support a cup (Mat against the Hame-Casest mestitatiom Guard Changensier proposed the mass, and pre sided at it. It strikes people u a wiry bold sot to have had each a Nuke is such a place, and no doubt it will create a storm in the republican press. __ _ I Par renat. 1.311116 Ism 4. For Mowry. Opriasllbrat. Levi Carr Swamls. ...... l4 IS MM Mob 64 SS SI 43 6pr Orb- 44 SS IPS MI 111 0 IS IS 61 0 I ob. Ire Ur . - PI PO PO 41 Pe ONO . . . PO Fax.llibra 04 brim: 41 +A 1447 Os 24 74 21 2 14 " sr.% 1103 MI bear. Ilepra rasa ...... iron 6. 100 ll4l . Urn Irs, INS Tr . Lb. 8 Mawr 1 per Orb 44 IS .......‘ Dirt Barr 6300 bano4-2ararb• (rW ...,,. WI Mb fiat bur),l4o Farb sal Oilier. ITS 36; Fr b sei 11440, 146• Rows and Ham. 346; Illnabbr arl 11014 11l IS; Odra MIA 110 ; Nark 016 76; Park sad lerviarre, in 36; 1 " :: . = brain, NS IS; lberraga ad Throe 43 SO. --- Aiiiiiitie despatch from Frankfart, dated the 3rd inst., states that Danmark has demanded the ratilleatica of the Berlin treaty of prase by the Diet. HEIDELBERG, Ago. 7A. To-day am the Prises of Prue* on bis rehire hen Frankfort, was stepping into the waiting room is the Baden Railroad, a traveller, a Sims, f rom the castes of Berm, with his paletet in one hand and travelling eap in the oilier, saluted the Prime. The Swiss, reepeettelly addressing his high's.% ea that Prussia was greatly respected is 13 vri , serlaad, sad only emd and he pronounced in ceder to win sympe of the whole population. The Prince inquired what that word Melt het " Renenciatiee," was the reply, the claim of Presets on Neusubsrg being Weeded. " Yealinever hear that word thee,* said the Prism drily, sad tamed tato the swelling MUM MADIID, Are. 30 —Three par Cams., Sal; alter Bolls, an asolt. Fair pat Crete., 134. Five par Caste. 141 ; sitar Bebe. 131 peper, 1113 cub. Couples, 7 1610 ais h. Peallyee 41.10. Bank et It. Fordiaaad, 914 cub. Bx. Aimee es Lentils. 60 . 40 paper. ITALY. Th• Pope attended the ceremonies ßOM on E, the re fete of R s lads et the Preach ohnnh. O STATES. - • etTi o ;0. . oir WdlFae a ee *On the New World ie now bovnght4ewn to AWN* aA. The borer of the raase eldeiess, se eillenaced part of f ;Si; i 7 at e y's imperative, hi the nem eteara-ship Pacific (of the Calla has), whisk trrived is the Mersey on Wellassdey with • large cargo. There is no political 1001141 of Importance. The bill which bed been before the Senate regarding fugitive alarm, has passed the Senate at Washington by a majority el 27 to It All the 'maid soy interest by this arrival, and net contained in the telegraphic summary given jester dsy, will be found in the following letters from oar New York correspondent : NEW TORT, Ave 24. The establishment of diplomatic relation' between the United States and Switztrland has caused quite a sensation. It has evidently gratified the Swiss. We have had their commie long resident here, but never a mieiater. It is to be hoped that the liberal govern ments of Europe will follow our lead. I have no doubt that, under the fancied protection of the United Sates, the Swiss confederacy will begin to show a bolder front than ever. Oar city authorities have within a few days pest been employed in detecting a number of convicts who have been landed in this port from Hamburg and Bermuda. It has been ascertained that four con victs, berg/are, from Mecklenbarg, arrived here on the 18th, and ten from Bermuda. They were all arrested on their irrieal, and under the fear of the infliction of a heavy penalty, the captains have agreed to receive this. and transport them back to the places whence they maw It is supposed that 290 more of these conviets, recently liberated in Bermuda, are on their way to the United States. This course of pro- cedure on the part of foreign governments excites the deepest indignation. It is too bad that we should be Inundated with the scoundrels which Europe vomits forth. We believe here that this export of vice is designed purposely to damage our country, and to bring it into disrepute by the isfusion of foreign ras entity. It is a fact, that all the deliberate crimes which stain oar municipal annals are perpetrated by foreigners. The crimes of impulse and passion are more of an American origin. If the people of Europe can be made to believe that life and property are entirely insecure here, why monarchies may be per petuated to the crank of doom. It is well enough for your ship captains to know that they are liable to a penalty of 500 dole. for every convict they land here, and the law will be strictly enforced hereafter. We have two distinguished arrivals in this country, in the persona of the wives of two governors-general of more than ordinary rank, Lady Elgin, and the Countess Alcoy. Both have arrived here without their haebandis, and both are in search of health. Both are understood to be on their way to the sea side for the purpose of bathing. Every attention which Luie Elgin is willing to receive will be paid to her. The recent reception of the citizens of Buffalo, at Toronto, by the Governor-General, was so ' brilliant and friendly, that he has beclmei a great favourite in the west, and his lady will find herself an object of interest and attention. We have just had the official quarterly report of the condition of the banks of this state, numbering 192. These banks are required to make these etat - ments ander the oath of their officers, and they therefore may be considered accurate. The following table exhibits the condition of the Banks on the 29th Dec., 1849, the 30th March and the 30th June, 18a0: Dee. 19. '49. Bich. 10, 'SO. June SO. 'SO. Dollats. Dollar& Dollar.. Low and discounti- 87,876,620 91011+,168 93,991,679 Radii BP' B6l 5 . ,066 313 7,729,966 11,6'3,839 C3sh items 9,001,6;9 9,239,641 9,131,411 Bank voter ....»._ 3,611,604 1.431,789 3,0U,740 Duct from brim 10,789,873 101 t 12,5.10 11,631 956 Capital Circulation Invouits Due to banks 1r,712,360 17,975,616 22,961,734 . . We have also the report of the revenue derived from the New York state canals from April 22nd, the day of the opening of navigation, to the 14 h of August inclusive. The total receipts are 1,408,399 dole , beiog the largest sum ever receiv.d during the period of time, except in the year 1847, the year of famine, when, during the same period, the receipt. were galf a million more. We thus perceive how important the foreign demand is in producing a re venue from nur works of internal navigation. The returns made to the United States treasnry, for the Elicit year ending Jane 30th, 1830, show it to be upwards of 40,000,000 doffs., the largest sum ever received at our corm-houses. Mr. Meredith, the hate Secretary of the Treasury, estimated that all the means of the government would be abuorbed on that day, and a deficit arise of about 8,000,060 dole. So far le this from being correct that it turns oat we have an excess of revenue of rearly 4,000 000 dole. Th.s may be se t down to the present liberal eye•em of com mercial intercourse between Great Britain and the Uni ed States. ortremsn tavern is now obliged to take oat a license at &cost of about 1,600 dole. per annum. The latest news with regard to the railway in that the company is determined to make a vg trete; effort to complete it in the c..mrse of next year. Certain it is.laboarers have been obtained, rails and Income. Lives ordered, and teginetra are at work. Tae Ohio arrived today from Chargres eel Havens. W. hate a few days later Dews by tier. The two American captains taken prisoners by the Cuban forces have been exerated. As I close this communication we have dates from Mexico Witte 97th July. Four stages had been attack id and robhed between Puebla and Vera Cruz. Msj . Kerne and all the con ductors were woueded. Several of the robbers were arrested, and will be dealt with to the full extent of the law. The Mexican pap•re are almost unani mously opposed to the Tehuantepec Treaty. They say it rives Americans too strung a foothold over the southern frontier. Sager had d mbled in p=ice in consequence of all the stock being purchased for the Californian market. Accounts front Vera Cruz rate that cholera was in creasing tearfully at Puebla and other parts of the country. It was disappr aring trom Vera Cruz. S venal attempts to overthrow the Mire government have been recently detected. The canvass for the Presi dency is progressing rapinly. From Waal:dilater' we hear that the Fugi ive Slave Bill has passed the Senet•. It is rumoured that a dialgreement in the cabinet will lead to ice re-organisation. One of the most singular occurrences that I have to record is the recent meeting ot a convention in this mate ot fugitive slaves and their white triente. It was unquestio•.ably a failure. The whole Lumber present was about 600. (Nth , se two-thirds were blacks, and white women. Resolutions of the moat extraorainary character were passed, one of which advocated immediate civil war. In connexion with air, a prtjetted insurrec tion of slaves in Alabama has been discovered. The conspiracy extended to at least 400 persons, and, as usual, we have rumours of ate intidided pseud mas sacre of the whites. It was quelled without much resistance. Should there things wear frequently at i the present crisis, the South would probanly lower the tore of its pretensions. We have news from Santa Fe to the 16th of July. The election under the new state constitution of New Mexioo had taken place, and the state government had been completely organised. Two Senators to Congress a•e on their way to Washington. Some of the proceedings of the local legislature were rather in haste and tot strictly legal, probably under the apprehension of an invasion from Texas. This circum stance will hnwever most probate') def. at the edmis sion of New Mexico into the Caton. It furnishes good grounds of epposi.ion, and there is so doubt that a territorial government would be far better than any other for some time to come. Th.i protection of the general goverume: t is afforded directly aid adsants. geously. AMEIUCUS. Aivices from Canada, dated °Toronto, An :oat 22," stated that great excitement had b.en cre.ted by the avast sale by government of publio r .ada that east 900,000 dots. for 300,000 dol.. Public onposition was so strongly expreand that the government had determined to repudiate the bargain. COMMERCIAL IN r Nair )(WM. Am 23, 6 r.w. . . . . The demand for sped, for •bi t.. tined, the supply of fordo coin, tiowaver, is not largo., 'Mich mmewhat re strict. operedomt. About :00.0.0 do!., mostly in britiah cti:d, will go out bv the Pacific to-morrow. It ahoithl I borne In mind that for every duller that got, out of the country enuow our MA ult.:until/4,w. receiving tour from emigrants tinialiendent Id our recants (yen Calif -rnia), which to mit taken Mtn wenn at with ths I.opnrtr. We continue out former quotations: apentah dollars, 104 to Med. eon dollars, 10; to 101; American naive J. .0401 to 1001; five-trans piton, 95 to J.H ; Sit •al clouldom,s, 16 clots. o.e. to I o day. 73n; patriot tic/abloom a, 16 dole. to 16 dole. Mr.; encon4mis ' hoary, 4 tide. She. tu 4 do's. rife. ; Supoiemic„beavy, dn e. tie. to .Iclutti. WICUITent money we have no ti nage to 'tine In the rates; oho supple hem increased in emmequence of the wrest venially anion' the merchants and jobiterv. *tate money, however, 1.,, mill very wairet. sod the dert and for it, as a medium of can:W.(loo . in WU City, In be yond the ability of the breams to furnish. Ibe botuttiful yield from the prewnt red°a twreal coma, has changed the aspect la the torninelmal condition of the oomtry, to s greater rtateof prosperity than be.ure. It is a grwifyinx filet to know 'ha. amidst the he vay expansion of credit. cue.. *taint own the large increase le the amount of our import atone over am Inc , lout year un re 014 (not excepting the mamor.Mtv year of the metallic) connate of the llidied States ha. mere is al io a romtormaiste de. pee; with • fixed fact, that we shall cantinue to novive adt.i Was to our already large stick of widow; melds. Errwr. atotemanha made op a few day. mere, the eat imi.ted @mama of reln hell by t h e hunks, and the anonoant trea.urcr wan not far fr in 15,5441,0M0 coin , add to this arcourt gold brought by tbe Cherokee and PhilsalelpbiA f or New York consignees, 3,500..00 dela. makine a stock in thi. city of gold coin and bullion in trettaitu tor c oinage, the sum of Ginetee2 =lima* of dollars. _ _ The amount of cotton and bee , drauffa gibe forward Inv introvert tonsulerahly within a few duyti which t. likely to continue. Th. great abufelaw e and cheaporra of food will n on bring the amount of our eaportr to a pouit that will plate our foreign trade iu a rams healthy condition. The d for money continues wave. and the supply ',Mimi. niched. Ma yof the bank, have di-oountrd to the full latent allowed b y h a, aa g null home a a g r o ui of mull Mean.. The am ount going into the suls.treaaury in not of that Important to the bank. and met, "futile common ty that it was forme riy. wM a the vette io the thy was heat than one half of the per sent supply. The deetnimeotenfs for account of government will awn cave a gnat realutfion la toe titian site In the variovaubatreaiturics, and a large minium of goad non will agf . t2 , l?bt , :in circulation. In connexion with this subject, the question which most inteteate us row is the probable result of our very 1 age importations. It is supposed that we are at this moment indebted to your country about 30,000,000 The question is, how is this to be paid ? It can only be done in three ways : by the export of our produce; by the remittance of public stocks, or the transmission of coin. It is very obvious that if year restrictionist, succeed in tramm.lliog American imports, by an alteration in your tariff, and thus lessen our ability to pay in kind, not only will a commercial embarrassment be produced, but retalia tory restrictive measures on our part will be adopted. You might thus leopard the collection of your debts, and at coos destroy your markets. All we ask is, that since we have adopted your policy of free trade, you will give us time to have It fairly ti mted. It is also very obvious that if your capitalists make another onslaught on American credit, es they foolishly did some years ago, there may be serious difficulies of another sort, as little forest-en now as they were then. The drain of coin I do not fear. Our currency is ne longer infla•ed as it was eider the old system. Our domestic news partakes of the character of the season very mucb. Professor Webster bad lately confessed, it is as serted, a premeditated arrangement for the murder of Dr. Parkman. On the 31st ult., Friday last, the guilty man was to be executed. The great annual fancy ball bee taken place at Paratoga. It was attended by all the America) and toreign fashionable, at that place. The tickets were I about 2L each, and those persons who did not attend ' in clowns were ' , squired to pay 31. The pipers are filled ad usual with descriptions of the dresses of I those who appeared at the ball. An affair has lately come off at this place which has made quite a sensation in the sporting world. Three gentlemen well known in the circles of fashio.i, one of them a merchant in the city in the English trade, sat down to play cards, the game chosen being that of brag. Before they rose from their seats the merchant bad lost two millions of dollars. Of course he was totally unable to pay any such loss. He pro posed a compromise, and to pay 10,000 dollars down le cash, and 60,000 dollars in note. on time. Before this at rangement was consummated, a brother of one of the winners tutsefered, and insisted on a settlement being made by the payment of 4,000 down, and 10,000 dollars in his notes of hand, that being enon4h to save his honour. Saratoga has never been so gay as it is now, and if we may believe common rumour, many excesses in fashionable life have been com mitted with impunity. A great many of the visitors are of the clue of the " new rieb," and what they want in the qualities of character and the influence of an established reputation they make up in extrava gance and dis; lay. Madame Anna Bishop is performing at the Opera House, in a piece arranged expressly for her, called " Judith." She is attracting large audiences. On Thursday evening she received a grand serenade from the musicians of the orchestra, and in return enter tained them al fresoo in the garden behind her house. The Italian Opera company are soon to leave this city for the south, after a very imeceesfal same. Amorg the passengers by the Pacific to-day is Joseph L. White, Rag., the agent of the Nicaragua Company. This gentleman's name has of:en been mentioned is nay oeseesposdencei. He goes put with tell authority to contract with year capitalists, and has the strongest letters from Bir Henry Bulwer. He is a maa of splendid talents. At the last aceoaats from San Joan, the steamer Ores was likely to or the bar, and the small river steamer, the Director, had left Key West far San lam It le to be hoped that this project will prove sueeesdul, as the Panama route is getting worn in publie ew ormadsais en estimation every day. traThe travellingg local an tax a es forei levig by the residents hare become extremely oppugn. A • With the de, aent t rospodo, w NO DO gond ft :DOD% why money .houkl uot rumen abuadent, and as cheap as P. boa bcaa for swathe arriON. The following [Menke of PTC.it:4MM and On., dated N. w Turk. Aug. 23, reepectirg the rotten market, will be fo und worthy of as attertive parmal: "Our Mat review wee prepared for the Cambria, on the 1911 Mat. On the 21•11 the Europea whims were receireu per telegraph teem 'Midas, and although unfavourable predated it., eiree' 110 priers— mho 2400 bal l M the 71st the mks were Mai bim, Morro await. inc their kiterS• Ifliterlll,. the 22nd. the totem, no -men tr.= the muth being unfavourable orlatoe to the g, wing crop, and , be. truces per Europa bring interpreted mere favourahry than the blegraphis amounts, an active derma misted, the halm amounting to fully 3,000 bdm, at en marmot of ie. on Strict isiritiluig and fair qualium To. day Mere is • saucaty ad cotton Ma tale, d the trausactimis hum ornacqueetly hem restrieled te 3.100 .e. at very t atomic rates. The stork la JIM port, includiag all is erne of shipment, doer tut elect d 43,000 balm. We advance our qurvationa W c worm to the sales eo..ktng, most of the cotton unsaid be either limited at rate. cam 84 greats y abeam t .day's quotations, or beta sank di•mtiosary pores far • further risw . . --- *(iiTocii;oEior.—We feel more fully confirmed at this time than at any l receding period in the co:Tecate. of our previousit adduced tout the chanties for a yield ore in f .vour tf • moderate quantity. The advice.* are leas trourabie from every section except Maki:anis, En, in that elate we hesitate not sty that the berate of the Sae weather, or r Are the turning weather, which tas prevailed during the four weer past ham:been uverrat dArseling the superecial observer tockmuceerroneents conclusions from the ,mproved appearance of th. plant. toreros a werectotnnionof the probroleyield art lead end tail, we must bear steadily in mind the eareuremnia s of the pi.uffo ing, plsntine, and replanting, and the please( acknowlnlaed back. ward written of the plant; watch the weather during th , picking season, sad compare it In its probable results with the triads of Mune tar weather in previcns season. It is from such ot serv.xion and coma parrs that we arrive at the opinion that, with favourable weather from this out, the mop will oe • moderate one. We althea interee.uig errors from letters received this day arch support our view, to which we invite year attention, and also Lermaa of letters from Louisiana and aillsonsippl, which confirm the annular of the appear. secs of the worm, r advised in our had circular per telegraphic cons. ranication from Charleston t h e Inth . . . Extract of a letter dated Griffin (George.), August 17, le7o.—ln Japer, Butt; Henry, Pike, Fayette, leer, twitter, 1r 'up, and Her. lla, embracing the principal purlieu or o•uuuy th .t trailin to thin place, P. is isupowible to make more than b .11 as much as loot year. The first b •lla are opening, not halt groan, with iut any rued; of course t h e cotton has not tolured, and will poiduie but little. The Id wet awing con hired ao late that cotton did not now any until very late le June—then the weather became very warm, and cotton grew off fowler than was ever known (particularly where they bed rains)—the weed grew entirely too fart tor the root and now, la this one entre drought, the cotton ha. not sunk-lent d- pib of not to support the top. The retell ia, the squares are all dropping. and you will avert bear the setae result tram everywhere, au my burnt(' !street of a letter, dated "Columbus (Ga.), Aug. 17. 1830.—We have just natant d from our plantations In Alabama, and areverr my that we fr w but two plinths cruse of cotton tut promise to make as much ma last year. Ihe weed is too far behinf io m -ke even an avaregv crop. Mr. ll.'. crop will fall sheet or hat year's crop Sobel's, net my own lull Su per cent. With an vary trout you will see a trameadths short crop of cotton. We tbl.4 the Attend, stave will fell offrioderany behind this year, and if there is and thing like sped mop ft Vol have to be made West.. The annexed are the extrffeta of letters referred to in relation tone appearsom of the boil worm : Greed Cane (athe.), Aug. 0. 11130.—Our etatm ha. been doing W 11 until tuts time; out young cotton wee growing well and full of forme, bet sow the cut, grass and bell worm have commenced upon It. 1 fear the re's. worm will do a great deal of aatuuge. 'they are now is General re Ind, where they have deetruyea a great dad of his cotton. They have sates ups hundred mares of 'anther plan tation In feet, they ere a gement thing all over the eutton In thio neighboorauud. We haw just notion the eras and bull worm this moentag on our plasm " Greed Caw, (lA.) Aug. of 1610.—Deer—Deeratr,—I take the first op. portant, of Inform MI the present pompon ot your anon crap. The were have eaten the cotton very badly, end have been for mane tune. Nader *Ante; alnuatetances you cannot make morn teen • fonta efa POW IRIS U they Mot new. I have the cut worm. the bull worm, the gram worn, mod some other kio I of worm, 01 which 1 have soma& Kr. --"s armee, was bete this morning sod ewe they were very had In his laid; and add abso that they had the aliter=e , =, sen ivory plies I he r from have theca more rem. I do not :bilk any planter gin mom. mass pinny cotton =it "' Intense September.. Von" Avg. LS, 1110.—Tbe Gotten and corn mope In this MIMI of Oferegla are almost all Maid with the drombi, and all the rain Ima hll will not help ma. Nothing eau happen that the oaten crap • will even two.thinis of • myopia this part of the country; and ea he MI I OS hum tin nose le the ere nail the adjoining sonnies In Al.. ban" 4:l•AM.—New wheat le waft /reward to • fair extent from the wet sad seals hat *kis medente demand tor ladling; PnCe• are without partial., thane. The sales am: 600 u en.beis prime whine Pssowylvanla et 1 dot. KRx. • MN_ food new Indians. 1 dot. so.; 00,00 Omuta white, last wsek 1 dol lb. in: ben; and 8.100 new pass and free Curds cm tame *et mods public. Rye in mode. relesepply. sad • llttsi filcher. The sales are 14.500 bushels, at 63,0 to 6.e. it the slip. lad 644 e. is 65 delivered. Oats are without particular cheap; we gists riser mid meal, 40e. to 46e.; Jersey, 7e. to tun; sod C' Us. to 41.. Two f ergots Southern mtge. day brought 14. ash. Ogre wrist good supply and fair demand, at previous rate• swill whim miter a e Ettropa'stemirephie ad. rites we ...bac bisbewees WV* demanded: souk:, passage. ware made et la taprooms; bat the market eddently easel with inomersd sepe aw% firmers. *bib The miss me 1000 Mahe* at 62 i e. to 640. be Inlaid y It the ly is 12, mostly towhead, mom= m. eftu sal libt. be bow& ad itia. Itto. foe round yellow. el at tine OBSONROIf meted Ikea Awn& 1 ha Atom 20 in 100 sod 15601--r A I