The Express. — London, England, 1855-10-04 00:00:00

•b' exoreoo• TO OORRISPONDINTIL •wartwonssie bimodal he " L Zwidekg p.m cn:As be et the 011 es, to. soeeerMaleeeß by Tin Vilest Os the dal Debdaikes. NOM WATII. AT LONDON BRUM. Tpas DAT—lllendos, Th. Ma Altonesis. Y. Va. To.roassow—illaubsi, Ills. Illa -A/Wm% IN. U.. LONDON, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 4. Wzaa the highest rank in the British Army a die- tinction to be oonlerred, like a place in the Roman Calendar, for good deeds done in days gone by, and which had loci ago resolved their fitting meed of honour and reward, the new creation of Field Mar shals might possibly be allowed to pass dithout much observation. A few saints more or less make no perceptible difference in the temperature of popular faith ; and we might, perhaps, enlarge the circle of our military mythology without any great hurt to its votaries, if the canonisation of old soldiers were, like that of veteran anchorites, deferred till they were dead. Their claims to their new position might still, indeed, be questioned by the curious or the sceptical; but the busy world would give little heed to inquiries capable of exerting so remote an influence over thole reaming and perplexed affairs. Unfortaoately, fighting a living enemy is not, like praying to dead saints, an affair of the world to come. We know, to our cost, the difference. Wei may have been in the romantic ages the privileged pursuit of knights and nobles, who, if their own account is to be believed, did all that was needful for their country's defence and renown at their own proper coot and charges, and who claimed, in conse quence, the right to settle all questions of authority and precedency amongst themselves. However this may have been, we too well know that soldiering is io our day a regular profession, avowedly open to men of all conditions, and paid at the rats of many millions a year out of the people's pockets. Whatever, therefore, tends to the elevation of the spirit of the army, to its contentment, or to its estimation is envious neighbours' eyes or in our own, is for us an indisputable and positive good ; and, of necessity, whatever tends to dispirit and disappoint legitimate ambition, to suggest unfavourable comps- Aeons with other armies, or to link with ludicrous associations the mention of the highest dignities la the service, is too fall of mischief to escape national reproba , ion. Nothing can be more silly or untrue than the deprecation of censure which men sometimes resort to oa such occasions, under some such stereo typed phrase as, " Well, it gratifies a good kind of man, and does nobody else any harm." There is not a job that ever was planned or perpetrated that has not probably been palliated thus; and we think it rather a bad sign of the way in which the public are likely to think and feel on the recent Gazette announce- meats, that we already hear the usual preparations' making in certain quarters for what is called letting the matter down gently. In the French army men are raised to the rank of Menhale when they have done some deed of valour or executed some feat of strategy which is recognised by all as earning fairly the distinction. But the French do not take thirty or forty years to find out that a man is fit to be clamed as a first-rate soldier. For the courage or constancy he has exhibited he is generally rewarded forthwith. Instances there have been, ao doubt, where an interval of some duration has from various causes been suffered to elapse ; but DO instance can be produced where old noblemen have been dug up out of the snug sinecuree where they have Jain quietly for a quarter of a century, to be mind above the heads of the whole army and saluted with the trumpet title of Field Marshal. Our neighbours value their army too well to trifle with its goodhumonr by enacting such mummeries in its very face. Military rewards and dignities are rendered precious in their eyes, because, however they may and must be occasionally misplaced, they are neva wantonly converted into toys for the gratification of courtly or aristocratic whim. In truth, there is no class in France whom cupidity or caprice any government would think it worth while to propitiate by so unseemly a sacrifioo of public decency. Men are made Marshals of France, not to be mocked with the phantom title to precedency, but with the intent and in the hope that when fit occasion shall arise they will be sailed upon to assume that priority in command which the title signifies. Will any one with grave face tell us that it is with a view, in case of need, to leading troops into the field that the epithet and emoluments of Marshals have been bestowed on Lord BTRAFFORD or Lord COMMULNYAIII? Far be it from us to say one harsh or disparaging word of either of the veterans we have named. They both fought gallantly in their day, as did scores of other amiable and accomplished gentlemen, wbo, having neither family interest nor great possessions, were not ennobled for their per vic..s, or made to share in all the varied forms of recompense that a patrician soldier in this country is pretty sure to win. Nobody seeks to pry too curiously into all this ; and truth to say, no plaint, however just, would have less chance of being practically attended to than that of an out- worn contemporary of BYNG or Corrote if he be Still olive. Popular jubilee is bat seldom retrospec tive, and men the most zealous for reform in future, turn despairingly away when called on to redress the partialities and unfairnesses of the put. But in all conscience and reason, we are compelled to say that the octogenarian peers alluded to had quite enough in the way of recompense for their services without the baton of Field Marshal. If their services in our grandsires' day merited the coveted distinction, how did it happen that it was obtained by neither while the great commander lived who better than any other individual could appreciate their worth? Does Lord PANMUSE profess to say that either of them had higher claims upon the country for what he did in India, Bpaio, or Belgium, than ANGLISYA or HILL or LYNwocII? yet none of these was ever dignified or decorated in such fashion while their exploits were fresh in general recollection and while their comrades were still living. Lord RAGLAN'. ease was wholly different. At seranty he consented to take the field afresh, with all its labours and vicissitudes; and whatever hie errors may bare been, he was his Marshal's staff by victories, whose fame will last as long as those of MARLBOROUGH or WELLING TON. It was in camp, surrounded by his staff, and mid the perils of the unfinished siege, that he re ceived the rare distinction; nor should it be forgotten that he remained for months of trial at his post after be had received it. Lord HANDINGE'II case, although ilia dear, is still, we freely own, distinguish able from the other two, to which we have above referred. The Lord Mayor Elect to 'voluted the Rey. Dv. Xesiimer, D.D., Corp' la to lie Lori 111,yor daring myeralq. i_ gbr Court. BALIIOII.II. Oar. 2. Prises Frederic William of Prank left Baboosil yesterday. The Qom sad tee Prism drove with bi. Royal Highness M Cutleen at Braemar. The Primmer Wales and Price* Allred spat the day at loch Kaiak. Visammt aml Vietwastme Palmerston left tows yesterday for Broadisads, Hants. Earl ()murals left tows yesterday for Paris. Sir William Melesetarth has returned to Brightda. Despatches were wet yesterday from the the Gorernon of Gibraltar. Mali*, and the Lord High Coal saissioner of the lonian Islands; also to the Governors of Hong Hong, Ceylon, and the Mauritius. Despatches were received yesterday from the Governors of the West India Laos& His Royal Highness the Prince of Prussia arrived at Glasgow front Balmoral on Monday night by the Scottish Central Railway, and proceeded southward. Sir George Grey bee relieved the Duke of Argyll le attendanoe on t►e Qum at Balmoral. On Friday last an order was received at Gordon Castle for Lientenan&Colonel his Serene Highness Prince Edward Ease Weimar to join he regiment, the Ist batta lion of the Grenadier Guards, now encamped at Aldershot& The pliant Prince left the following 'naming. _ _ His Imperial Highness Prince Louis Luci€n Ho lmquist' is now staying at Aberyswith, and is so much pleased with tbe place that he will remain for some time. His Highness takes a warm lateral, io, and fluently speaks the Welsh language, and is attached to the Welsh people. The Duke and Duchess of Norfolk arrived at Norfolk-hoes., Bt. James'isequare, on Tuesday night, from Olowop Hall. sear Shelled. The Earl and Counter Grey have left Carlton re-terrace for Houk* Hall, Northumberland. Lord and Lady Foley have arrived in town from tour c f Tints. Lady Adeliss Fitsgan Hewud bee been staying with the noble lord and lady. DEATH OF THE RIOHT HON. SIR ROBERTI ADAIR, G.C.B. We regret to announce the demise of the venerable diplomatist the Right lion. Sir Robert Adair, who expired at 5 a m. yesterday, at his residence in Chesterfield-street, Meyfair. His illness has been very brief, the first symptoms having arisen on the 24th ult., while on a visit to the Duke aid Ductless of Bedford, at Woburn Abbey. The deceased wee born on the 24th of May, 1763, consequently be had reacted the great age of 92 years, and was the son of Mr Robert Adair, the eminent surgeon (he was sergeant surgeon to George III.), by a daughter of the second Earl of Albemarle. He married in 1806 Mademoiselle Applique ,brielue, daughter of the Marquis d'Hagincond and the Countess de Champagne. Sir Robert was trained for the diplomatic service, and represented Appleby in the House of Commoes in 1802, and sat for Camelford in 1806 and 1807. lie was appointed Minister Plenipoteatiary at Vlell3ll, April 5, 1806; and was sent On a special mission to Constantinople is Jane, 1808, for the purpose of negotiating terms of peace between this country and the Porte, being accompanied by Mr. Cannieg (now Viseonst Stratford de Wildlife) sad Mr. David Metier. He was made a Privy Councillor in July, 1808, and at the termination of his successful mission he was nominated a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath in 1809. In April, 1809, he was appointed Ambassador at Constantinople, which high diplomatic tint b e held till March, 1811. In July, 1831, be was sent on a special mission to Brussels, and also to Berlin, end remained so employed until the latter part of 1835, when he returned to England. Sines then Sir Robert has not held any diplomatic appointment Fur his public services he had for many years pest enjoyed an annual pension of 2,0001. He was the author of numi- roue politioal pamphlets, and also wrote two elaborate works —namely, " An Historical Memoir of a Mission to the Court of Vienna is 1806," and "A Memoir of the Negotiations for the Pesos of the Dardanelles is 1806-9." DEATH OF THE RIGHT HON. SIR HENRY ELLIS, K.C.B. We hare to record the death of the Right Hon. Sir Henry Bilis, K,C.B , which took plus at Brighton on Fri day last, the right hoe. gentleman having been in declining health for come menthe. The deceased accompanied the Earl Amherst in his embassy to Chins, and wu wrecked with that nobleman on his return, and had to make fur Java in an open boat, reaching Batavia after a perilous voyage of several handfed miles. He was Minister Plenipotentiary ad interims in Persia, in 1814, prior to his going to China . Sir Retry held the office of Clerk of the Palls from 1825 wag the abolition of that office in 1834 ; and was appointed one of the commissioners of the Board of Control by the late Earl Grey, in It3o, which he held five years. In July, 1836, he was appointed ambassador to Persia, which poet he relinquished in November the following year. He was sent on an extraordinary and special mission to tt e Brazils in August, 1842, and in 1849 was appointed by the govern went to attend the conference at Brumels, in the affairs of Italy ; since which be has been unemployed. Sir Henry was made • Privy Councillor in 1832, and in 1848 was nominated a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath of the civil divasion. He was in the receipt of a pension (1,4001.) for his diplomatic services. Bir Henry was brother of the late Mr. Charles Ellis, formerly consul at Tangier,. THE LATE MR. GEORGE CANNING BACEHOUSE. —Accounts have been received at the Foreirpoffice, fully confirming the tragical death of Mr. Gl. Canning Back. house, at Havannah. The deemed gentleman wu the sezond son of the late Mr. John Barkhousv, who was per manent Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs from April, 1827, to March, 1842, when the Right Hon. H. U. Addington succeeded him on his retirement, and brother of Mr. J. Beckham', vice-consul at Amoy. He was ap pointed to a clerkship in the Foreign-office in April, 1838, and was attached to the legation at Frankfort for some month; during the year 1841. He was appointed by the Earl of Malmesbory, in Deeember, 1852, the Commissary Judge at Havaonah. The widow of the unfortunate con demn only returned to England for her confinement about three months back, and has three young children, who are now rendered fatherless. TIIE DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE'S VISIT TO LIVER. POOL, AND Till RZJOICINOS ON THI CAPTUII OP Si- DASTOPOL.—At the monthly meeting of the Liverpool Town Council, held yesterday, a long dissmasion took plasm on the subject of the illumination of the town on the 9th, the day on which his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge visits the town, and the day set apart in honour of the fall o Sehistopol. It was ultimately agreed that the public buildings only should be illuminated, leaving the inhabi tants to 'Remise their own discretion as to private Wang. nations. Mr. Sharman Crawford wu yesterday presented with a testimonial by t►e 'Malts of the borough of Rah dale, of which he wu so long the honoured representative is the How* of Commune. Dr. Miller is at present engaged on a Geological History of flootlaad, which he intoads to be the great work of his life. The Rev. J. M. Dixon, rector of Trinity, in Beth, has been appointed by the Lord Bishop of Bath and Wells to the Ole* of Diocesan Inspector of Schools, in the room of the Rae. H. Calverley, rector of Bouthatoke, resigned. On the night of the 25th instant there will be a total eclipse ottho moon. It is currently reported at Ttunton, in Somerset shire, that there is to be a militia encampment on Blagdon hill, about four miles from that town on the Honitos road. Colonel Clarke bau been appointed Commandant of the Monmouth and South Wawa District, in the place of lGeneral Closes, who leaves next week to await orders in Louden. The Hon. Captain Monckton, of the 3rd Regiment of Dragoons, who sosamanded the detachment of the rest. meet stationed at Barnstable, hiving been appointed to we staff in the Crimea, has taken leave of the regiment. Amongst the gallant men who rushed into the Orsat Rides on the ever memorable 13th of September was Lieutenant F. Hingseote, of the Royal North Gloucester shire Militia, and brother of Lieutenant Colonel Nigel Kingesete, M.P., A D.C. to the late Field-Marshal Lord Raglan. This young °Meer lost his right hand. Be was about the first to go into the &Asa. When on the parapet waving his sword, two Rue isms fired at bin, one hitting and breaking his sword, the other smashing hie band. Intelligeooe has been received of the death of Cap. lain Vaugkaa, eau of Colonel Vaughan, of Lleageedmore, , flu the wounds he received before Sebastopol. The National Gallery will be re-opened to the , public on Monday, the 22nd inst. THE EXPRESS. THUREMAY EvENIN - G. OCTOBER 4, 1855. L.A.TEST . NE Vi &FROM ABROAD EXPRESS FROM PARIS. AND BRITISH (ram ova oast -471 ' OPERATIONS IN THE BALTIC. PARIS. TMIIIIIIDA.7 1103/11NO. The closing of the Exhibition will take plaoe on the 15th of November. The rewards will be dis tributed on the same day by the Emperor. (sr =Norm (num ova orrx The fete to Prince Napoleon will be a soiree at the New Hotel Louvre, inbtesd of a banquet. HAIIBURG, THURSDAY. Intelligence has been received from Riga, dated the 29th clam°. It is to the effect that four liners, An officiel despatch from Hamlets+, dated the 22nd of September, says that the embarkation of troops for Eupatoria had terminated ; the force con aistiog of cavalry, artillery, and infantry. The admiral himself was gone to direct operations. one frigate, and three corvettes, bombarded the bat• teries of Donamonde for three hours on the morning of the previous day, without, however, doing much damage• The ships then went over to Bullen, and boto birded the place for two hours with more effect. On the 25th hostile visits were made by two frigates to Old Balls, where ten ships were burut. PARIS, WIDNISDAT Evisiso. A Council of Ministers, at which the Emperor presided, was held this morning at St. Cloud, and sat several hours. Notwithstanding the repeated asser tions of the ,Oerman newspapers that M. Prokesch- Osti n's visit to Paris was merely private, I believe it to be certain that the main subject of the delihera- tions of the Council was a proposition for peace, sus • gested by Austria, and which she undertakes to say that Russia would accept. It is rumoured that France and England would rot insist upon re taining the Crimea, bat that they du make the payment of the expenses of the war a sine qua non. This, we may be very sure, is no part of the Austrian proposal. I think it not rash to conjecture, that the result of the deliberutions of this day's council has been hostile to the certainly inglorious terms of peace which Austria would lain persuade the Allies to consent to, although there is doubtless a peace party in the French cabinet. In deed the unusually protracted discussion (ior :Le council which met at 10 o'clock, did not separate till 2) infers a considerable difference of opinion. I have myself little doubt that an article in this day's Constitutionnel by the favourite government writer, M. Granier de Caseagnac, contains by anti cipation the Imperial decision which the :Ministerial Council was in point of fact merely called upon to register. M. de Cassagnsc begins by protesting that he is not in any way initiated into the secrets of Cabinet Councils—a form of preface which implie a very strongly the exact reverse of the ordinary mean ing of the words used; and then, treating of the course which the Allies are likely to pursue, he throws it in the teeth of Russia that her diplomatists, not long since, insisted that faits aecomplis must be taken as starting points of negotiations. " The fitet of Sebastopol still exists," said she ; " reduce it by force if you can, but you cannot oblige, tre to destroy it with our own hands." " Now what," he continues, "are these faits accomplist They are, not the reduction, but the destruction, of the Russian fleet, the destruction of Sebastopol, iha uncontretsd posse-lion of the Black Sea and the Sta of Azoff, with the certain and speedy capture of all the Crimea looming in the horizon. These are, there fore, the bases upon which any new conferences, whe ther they be held at Vienna or elsewhere, must rest.' But everything is now changed, and nothing but the couqueet of the whole Crimea, the writer implies, will satisfy the Western Powers as a guarantee against the ambition of Russia. The article proceeds thus: At present, therefore, the conditions of last year are quite out of the question, and future negotiations must na turally cud nticessartly mite fasts accomplat as a starting pint, namely, the des ruction of the Russian fleet, the acnihileti•m of ficbastupcl, and, most probably, the con quest of the Crimea by the Allies. Although the Russian troops still csecuoy that reninsula, every one underetands, in tact, that their 'slimmest there, in the face of a large and 'iVOTIOUS army, is becoming impossible. It is not cersi- sae, to be a great general to understand, not only that the Russian army wi.l not long shut Wel up in the Una which it still pooesaes, but ilea that it will cot expose irself to be made pr:t.ner en mane, if V:e only comma citations which it rtil los cien with its hairs of operations were cut off. We may, therefore, consider the Crimea as virtually conquered, since the fall of Sebes• topol has rendered the allied armies quite free in their move. meats; and that country once conquered, it will nepead upon the Allies either to restore it to Russia, or to dispose of it, according as U.e gnaranoes offered by the Czar for the tranquility of- Europe mey advise them to follow either a ridorous course or roe of mcderation. Indeed, the Crimea is not a province that has ever formed part of the national and hereditary soil of the Russian empire. Acquired by force of arms, it may be lost in the same way. Toe Crimea is, therefore, a pledge which it is neoeseary to take posits sion of, btfore any sesione negotiations can be opened. At present soy esgotia.ion would to but a new snare laid by Muscovite cunning for the good faith of the West. The only journals that contain any observations on the great revolution in the butchery trade, effected by the decree of yes'erday, are the Assemb'ee and the Pays. Tho opinions of the Debate and Siec/e would be more important ; but those journals probably think it not safo to speak their whole miud, and re quire time to weigh the wards of snob limited criti cism as may stat:d a chance of being tolerated. Meanwhile the Pays, as in duty bound as a government journal, praises the m' asuro without reserve. It overlooks all the difficul ties of execution that must suggest themselves to every one who examines the subject with attention, pronounces unhesitatingly in favour of the maintenance of the butchers' monopoly, as a thing necessary to the dna victualling of the city of Paris, and declares that the system of fixing the price of meat twice a month by authority, is the very best that could have been devised for securing the 'ripply, and keeping up a just balance betwces the price of live cattle and joints of meat. The zissemblle is of opinion that throwing open the trade would "perhaps" be the best remedy for the evils so loog complained of, but, admitting •hencoes sity for a monopoly, it looks upon the tax as as essential counterbalance. I cannot help suspecting that this journel, being in great disgrace, and menaced with suppression, is not sorry to find as opportunity to propitiate the government in a matter not affecting its political opinions. The Mayor of Tours has taken the initiative in proposing the creation of a cheap eating-!rouse for the working classes. The municipal council has voted 2 000 fr. for this establishment, and 3,000 fr. have been raised by a first subscription. It has been already mentioned that a certain num• ber of persona at Marseilles had united a certain capital for the purpose of selling butchers' meat at nearly cost price. The sale of meat on such terms commenced on the Ist instant, and they who have entered into this undertaking have reason to con gratulate themselves on the immense support which the plan obtains from the public. On the first day the meat of six oxen was rapidly sold, and more would have been bought had there been a further supply. The Bourse has been bad. A number of " execu tions " were made, and the Rents cloyed very heavily at 65fr. 100 , with a fall of 20e. Credit Mobilise fell Mr. and Austrian railways Orr. 25e. The Lyons and Medi terranean Railway fell 22fr. 500. ; Lyons, 12fr. 500.; and Orleans, Mr. Northern rose Mr. There was a gene ral impression that the Bank of France would raise its discount to 5 per cent. to-morrow. The @hares in the restaurant of the Passage Jouffroy were brought out to-day, and formed an exception to the general de pression of securities. They wore in great demand at Mr. premium. PRINCE )HAILOFF ON THE FALL OF SEBASTOPOL. The Invalids Rowe contains Prince Gortchakuffie version of the fall of Sebastopol in a general order, addressed to the army of the south. After stating that five out of six attacks were "gloriously re- pulsed," it concludes u follows: Valiant comrades,—lt is painful, it is hard to leave Sebastopol in the enemy's hands. But remember the sacrifice we mad* upon the altar of our country in 1812. Moscow was surely as valuable as Sebastopol—we anandoned it after the immortal battle of Borodino. Tin defence of Sebastopol during 849 day. is superior to Boroeiso, and when the enemy entered Mrscow in that great year of 1812 they cnly found heaps of stones and ash... Likewise it not Sebastopol which we have left to them, but the burniog ruins of the town which we ourselves set fire to, having maintained the honour of the defence in such a manner that our great grandchild's@ may recall the remembranze there of with pride to ell posterity. Sebastopol k pt us chained to its walls; with its fall we acquire freedom of movement, and a new war commences, a war is the open field, that most coogegial to the Russian soldier. Let us prove to the Emperor, let us prove to Russia, that we are still imbued wilt the spirit which animated oar ancestors in our memorable and patriotic struggle. Wiser the enemy may show himself we will present our breasts to him, and defend our native land as we defended it is 1812. Valiant warriors of the land and sea forces!—ln the name of the Emperor I thank you, for the unexampled courage, firmness, and constancy you have displayed during the siege of tkbastopol. [Here follow the names of the officers who most distin guished themeelves.] In thus ezpressiog the gratitude your worthy com• menders ars entitled to who ars still living, let us also konsur, comrades, those who hate fallen honourably for our faith and for our country on the ramparts of Sebastopol . Let se eementber the immortal rams of N ichimoff, Korniloff, and I.Mmine, and let al address prayers to the Most High that He will grant them peace, and eternalise their memory as an example to the faints gene. atiens of the Harlan& ADDRESS OF ALEXANDER 11. TO THE INHABITANTS OF MOSCOW. ST. PETERSBURG, SIFT. 24. On the 20tb, at noon, the Emperor Alexander, accompanied by the Grand Prince Michael, left Mos cow and set out for Nicolaieff, after issuing the fol lowing rescript to the military Governor-General and A.D.C. General Cuunt Zakrevski, for the citizens of Moscow : "Count Arsenius Andreievitd,—From the tin. that I ascended the throne of my anceetors, it has been my heartfelt wish to visit the dear and trusted ancient capital of my empire —the city in which I was born and received baptism under the protection of the relics of the wet ker of miracles, St. Alexis of Moscow. Raving now fulfilled this wish, I have experienced from the inhabitants of Moscow a reception which bag caused great gladness to myself and my who'e house—a reception such as Itssaia has at all times given to her sovereigns. I commission you to express my heartiest acknowledgments to all classes in Mom sow. My happiness would have been complete had sot preceding events clouded these fortunate mo menta. It is already known, by my order of the day addressed to the Russian armies, that the garrison of debestopol, after an unexampled siege of eleven months, after deeds of prowess previously unheard of, after a self-denial, and the repulse of six obstinate attacks, has passed over to the north side of the town, leaving to the enemy only bloody ruins. Se bastopol's heroic defenders have achieved all that human strength could perform. Past and present events I accept as the inscrutable will of Providence, who chastens Russia with heavy hours of trial. But RUSIII'I3 trials were once far heavier, and God the Lord sent down to her his all-bountiful and in visible aid. Wherefore let us also now put our trust in Him: He will defend Russia, the orthodox, who has drawn the sword for the just cause, the cause of Christianity. The incessant proofs of all and every one's readiness to sacrifice property, family, and the last drop of their blood for maintaining the integrity of the empire and the national honour, delight me. . - It is precisely in these national feeliogq and efforts that I find consolation and strength, and from my whole heart, indissolubly blended with my loyal and gallant people, I, with trust in God's help and grace, repeat the words of Alexander I.: Where truth is, there also is God r I remain unalterably well inclined towards you. "ALEXANDER. " Moscow, Sept. 20." NEW MILITARY ACADEMIES IN RUSSIA. (BY INTERNATIONAL (TROY OCR OWN CORI HAMBURG, OCT. 3, 910, PAL An plume, issued at St. Petersburg on the 28th of September, ordains the esiabli-hment of two military academies for engineers and artilery. There is further a confirmation of a decree that every day's and every year's service of the garrison of Sebastopol shall count as twelve. DENMARK. (IT INTZUNATIONAL mutatArE.) (TROY 0011 OWN CORRESPONDINT.) COPENHAGEN, Oor. 3. At a sitting of the Council of State, held yester day, the King signed a constitution, having reference to the form of monarchy, and including electoral laws. THE PRINCIPALITIES. The Wallaehian government Ina prohibited till the end of the year the exportation of tallow and of oxen. NAPLES. The King of the Two Bindles and the whole Royal family went to venerate the relics of St. Jamming, at Naples, on the 19th ult. .1 THE AIIIMALIAN MAlLS.—Letter. foe the Itlyat Melt sbip &bomber& Captain James Nicol Farber. 'rum Liverpool to Melbourne, must be posted in Liverpool before three p en. on the 6th invent, and with Into foes until ilee On kb, • extraordlaary fact resulting from the last number of the London Gazette, that the creation el three field marshals was part of the machinery necessary to the due rewarding of Lieutenant-General Elimpeon's services in the Crimea by making him a full General, the Promo has the following sarcastic observation :—" We see by these nominations that the military hierarchy is more complicated in England than in France." The following telegraphic deepatchea have been received in Paris : HAMBURG, OCT. 3. sight Br.glish vessels arrived on Sept. 27 before Riga, and bombarded the Duoamunde batteries and the village of Barlien during several hours. _ - TIIIIITI. OCT. 8. Accounts have beau received from Constantinople to the 24th. 13,000 men of the Anglo. Turkish contingent have left for Verna, when they will take up their winter quar ters. The Ottoman government has not received any con firmation of the cheek which the Russians were reported to have met with near Kan. Omer Pacha is concentrating 50.000 nun near Chetketie, a fort on the frontier of Asia, which toe Turks took from the Russians at the commence ment of the war. VIIINNA, OCT. 2. No clofirmation of the latest news from the Crimes which announced the retreat of the Russians, ham yet been re• ceived here. A letter from an officer at Sebastopol, in the Con stittilionnel, says : It was a corperal of the Ist Zonaves who planted the first French standard on the Malakholf. His name is Eugene Liban', of Paris. It was G 1 MacMillan's standard of the Ist division, the hoisting of which was to be the signal for the attacks on est other points. The General gave him the standard with his own hands, with' the words, " This is the sigoal•flag ;go " Libaut was the first to spring cut cf our trenches. While getting into the enemy's ditch, he was struck by a stone, but notwith standing the pain, he scaled the parapet in the midst of a h sil.storzn of projectiles of every kind, and at length planted the flag around which oar brave soldier; soon Hiked, and maintained their ground. Tile same letter says: Eighteen women 12.0 remained in the town were made prisoner,. At lint it was thought they bad been left be hind to tire the mines, but it was soon found that such was not the case. They are treated with every respect. A letter from Odessa, of the 19th, says : Otficial accounts state that the Emperor will return to this place to leave for the interior of the empire; but some persths pretend that to will go to the Crimea to encourage thy army to perseverance. Oenerol Ancenkoff, Governor- General of the Crimea, bas interdicted the sending of merchanthze and provisions into the province, the stocks on hand being alresoy so large, he gap, that they cannot be disposed of. On the other band, the h Arch of reinforcements for the Crimea has been stopped. Ail these circumstances cense it to be all: posed that our affairs are not going on we , l is the Crimea. Traveller. sad couriers are our only sources of intormation, and they tell us that the main body of our army is concentrated from Eimpluropol and Bakte , ,i• Semi to Bithankoi and Avonkoi, and that stroog detha vents of cavalry have advanced from Lushes by Les and Tulat, on the road to E.npatoria. A letter from Braila states that two Greek mer chants of that town went mad on learning the fall of Sebastopol, and that another at Bucharest was struck with apoplexy for the eume reaaon. The same .ever states that one Swedish and three Greek relOkaii have foundered at the mouth of Suline, and rerdered :he wasp still more difficult, there being cow no mare than one fathom of water over the bar. THE CRIMEA. The following is an extract from an Odessa letter of the 19:h ult., published in the Military Gazette of Vienna : "It is noticed with suspicion that the Governor- I General of the Crimea has countermanded and pro hibited the further introduction of provisions and goods into that peninsula, on the ground that the stores already accumulated there are in excess. It isalsothought singular that the reinforcement of the army in the Crimea has been suspended. Whatever ex planation may be given of these facts, the universal opinion of the public here !s that things are going on badly in the Crimea, and that we are on the eve of great events. The lose of Sebastopol we cannot get over. People ask why something was not done on the Tchernaya during the last three days of the bomb►rdment. It might not have averted, but it would have delayed the fall of the place, and the shock cau.ed by the event would have been less when at last it must take place. Why, they say, was not Nachimoff encouraged in his noble desire to go out with the ships, and sacrifice grandly in battle a fleet which was known to be foredoomed to destruc tion ? It would have at least gained the respect of the enemy, and perished with honour." What we know of the positions occupied by the army in the Crimea is gleaned from the statements of travellers and couriers, but all their statements agree. They tell us that the main body of the Russian army occupies a line from Duvankoi to Avankoi, Bak:chi- Semi, and Simpheropol, and that strong cavalry corps are advarced from Sarabus, by way of Lee and Tulat, 1 on the road to Enpatoria. The Military Gazette of Vienna publishes the following : The demonstration—so often declared and en often de ni .d—of the Allic• from Ripatoria anneare, after all, to he matte about to he made. Prince Gottchakoff reprrta on the 23rd that nearly 30,000 men are concentrated at that .pot, that his left wing is repeatedly alarmed, and that on the 22nd there was a enllisi,m with the Russian infantry, atttr which the allies withdrew to Urkusti ; dercend?d. however,the plateau again on the 23rd, and repaired a road. Siec• Urkusti,nr it'ulcasta, lies to the north-easr of the right hank of the Teherneye, and Russian detachments stood he the Bth of Sentember near Bink Miskamia, en the I.ft bank of the Tot...roam it results from the above ~ e •pateh that the district of the Tehernaya is in the herds of the Allier, and th,t the Russians have rtationed their left wing in Tchnlia and Nandi, their centre near Mattoon Kaleh and Mackenzie's farm, and their right wing beyond Inkermann se far as the north f -Tep, while the bulk of their army is at Baktch , Semi. The attack on the Russhin left wing near Tehulia, if rrpeat'd end successfully followed un, may be intended to produce the evacuation of the positions mentioned above, and thus force the Rtlgfialla to fall back on their main body. The difficulties of the ground are, nevertheless, of such a deseription, that a practicable route for c anon only ,slats steno the reenter resd beyond the Tcherneya, near ' I Kant Mnet ferns, through Khutor Mekenaia, then across the Belbek, near Khutor. The possession of this road must first he ' , cured before any furthtr tffens.tre operations GM be carried on. RUSSIA. A letter from Berlin states that M. de Budberg, the Russian Ambassachr at the Court of Prussia, has been officially instructed by a despatch from St. Pe tersburg, that a conference will be held at Warsaw of all the representatives of Russia accredited at the German marts. This conference will be opened im mediately &ter the arrival of the Emperor Alex ander. GERMANY. A letter from Frankfort, of the 30th alt., says: The question of food is, Germany, as throughout every part of Europe, attracts general attention Warned by certain unequivocal symptoms of the danger of seeing agitators taking advantage of the dearness of provisions to excite the passim' of the people, the governments are con certing beforehand the measures beet calculated to calm the public mind. The countries beyond the Rhine are not, however, as regards the crops in an unfavourable situ►tion. The corn b t has been a good ge one; the potatoes are excellent in quality, and the apples used. tor making cider, which is the favourite beverage in %midtown Ger many, are abundant. By means of the extension of the Custom.' arrangements for the free at/Mission of corn into be Zollverein, the supply of food may be considered as I secured. AFFAIRS OF NAPLES. (PLOt 001 OWN COKRUPONDNATI NAPLES, SIFT. 2s. Why are British ships of war coming here? is the question in every one's mouth, and every one is ready with an answer according to the nature of his Lopes and wisher. To afford a point dappui to the nal . __- contents say some, and therefore it is that the cap.tol is in an immense excitement, and that the reports io circulation are as numerous as the inht , bitants. To insist upon satisfaction to the British embassy, sa y others, for the insult offered it recently in the t.enoa of one of its priscipal members. The latter is, I be. lieve, the real object, though it is nt t improbable that advantage will be taken of their presence tt. get up demonstrations against the present vile system of coercion, There are, besides, many old aceoulits to 'settle; and no doubt amongst the items will be env tnerated the open and shameless violations of . . traiity in favour of Russians which have been p!ac. timed ever since the war began. Of these 1 hay.. on you so many repeated instances that it would be tedious to repeat them. The day of matching, how. ever, is now come, and King Bombe must be pre. pared to make the amen& honorable, and proinias better conduct for the future, or take the tutee• guences. Up to the present moment "we "hare h;ti doing the high and mighty. The cheerful streets of Naples have been resounding with the roiling of can• non. Powder has been sent off from Poolippo in great quantity to sevwal fortificationt, la in short the " adorato" would die every inch a king in the ruins of his own palace. Last Saturday it W6B re. ported that the differences between the two govern. menta had been adjured, and the funds rose a; a coil- sequence from 103 to 105!. Austria was said to have been the mediator. I do not attach implicit confidence to the report, though from the very nature of things . . . . I do not think it improbable that an adjait raent may be entrain. However this may be, the ex- citementamongat all classes is in tense,atid. there isnot a man who is not on the tiptoe of expectation. lbepolice give their peculiarly sapient interpretation of the mission of the British fleet, with the object of stir ring up the lower classes and attaching them to the King, whilst the nobility are trembling with appre hension at the menaced war of classes. They hive been greatly persecuted by the police, and have no: kissed the rod ICAO chastised—therefore trey are objects of suspicion. Indeed, their fears of a Sanfeclista rezzia—that is, of assassin tion and plunder in the name of the Madonna and King are so great that they fear to come into con'act with Brhah subjects; nay, more, I could mention several cares where such fiat' were iui:y juttitied by plice orders to avoid the houses and society of British subjects. That the late Minirer of Polies, together with his coadju:or Campaigns, (ad all they could to set class ageing class admits not of a doubt. Hundreds, some say ti. , :ussnda of Lizzil oni had teen decorated wilt la riobon bearing cn it the inscription, "Viva it I nagua si:Agato td esioluto Re e Padroue," and had / been armed with bask - ni animati, and withstilet toes. What such - a mob hos done in Naples history tells no, end the same elements of religious bigotry and enthusiasm for royalty exist as strong now as then to urge them on to any excesaes. Little sympathy, however, will be felt with the teats of the nobility. hold and ignorant. their selfishness usa led them to acquiesce iu the pet as cations of power 1 when directed against other.; now that they them ,' selves are touched, they are in dismay. As in 184 S, particular days ere being whilicua about as probable epochs fur a row, and a very general report is circulating that this wed( we are to have some disturbance. .1 da not attach much _ . importance to it, end indeed it is eaey . to eee that the report originated in the anticipated arrival of the British fleet, about whose mire lion the must iudefinite and exaggerated opi nions exile. All British subjects are, however, delighted to see their flag once more in these waters. Six sears have passed since it has been seen here. Within that time they have been, if not insulted, treated with the "cold shoulder" system, and 6ub• jeeted to a variety of email auuoyances; whilst the Neapolitans themselves have been groaning under a despotism so barbarous, so ridiculous, and so cremes+ that it would be difficult to find in history a period of Neal length marked by so many infamies. Hod our fleet looked in every now acrd then the influence of such a silent protest might have been productive of good; at all events it is greatly to be desired that some vessels should be stationed here during the whole winter. The state of Naples is not so assuring as to render such a wish (generally felt) unreasonable; nor is the influence of England so well-establiabed in this part of the world as to make such a determi nation impolitic or unnecessary. Spite of the show of resistance, ever) thing will be arranged iu a gen tlemanly aLd eatistoctory minitier as soon as the union jack is visible, but once that it is removed old I tricks will be resumed. The devil was sick, the de, it a slat would re, The devil fret well, the devil a said: we, he. Roberti has, I believe, been finally appointed the Director of Police, Bianchini having held the port folio only pro tempure. lie is saht to be a pious man. L. is to he hoped that it is a convertible term with good. However, if report speaks true, be hal :nate gurated his en,rance on office well aid wisely, by dep. icing the h .eds of Lazzaroei ut their arms and des - rations, and placing tkem under the sarveillimes of the police. This statement, which looks almost too good to be true, would seem to promise returning sense. Ischitella has reti.e.d, es I have already to:d you, (rem the War Department. We are not is a state to make war, he declared; but it you resolve upon it, my services shall be always rea p. Wheat has risen in price 10 per eerie, that is from 120 to 22 carlini the tomolo. A large Neapolitan house made extensive purchases last Sa:urday to the amount, it is aaid, of 60,000 temoli. This would seem to indicate a change in the political wind, and perhaps the employes hove got emit of the inten tions of the government. I send you the following pro if of the integrity and wisdom of our Minister of Finance. `punish dollars have long been in great demand iu the king dom of Nap:es, ui d have been exported by millirem to various places. The Banco della Pieta had lull 200 sacks, containing 1,000 each, the current laic: , of which is from 230 to 240 ducats a pock tor agio, tt. (ie 23 rains each dollar b.. and I he tariff price ot 125 grs. Had the minister allowed th• m to b • sold nt the then rate of excl.atige, ho would easily have &gained 230 ducats a sack, but last week he preferred selling them to Rothschild and a meney changer et 160 ducats the 1 000, thus sinking for his country co of leas a sum than 14.000 ducats. Of course, nene the difference finds its way into the pocke's of the government officials. The diligence from Rome to N inles has been reopped by brigands between 'lerrscine and Cisterns. The brigands were three, the Pas sengers, conductor, and postilions, twelve. :lie, withstanding, the passengers were relieved of a little of their superfluous cash, booty . was diaeovered ot 1,600 piastres. The rob bery is suspected to bare been a plot concocted at Rome, with which the conductor perhaps had some thing to do. Medical reports state that no cholera exists in Naples; and perhaps the two or three doubtful cases were nothing more than casts of political choletee got up for a special purpose. Neither op this. - se e count, nor on political grounds, as it appears to mei shpuld those who bad the intention of deir gco be until the greater deterred from visiting Naples this winter. Even in the provinces, where the cholera hes 'f.ndoubtedly existed for macy =laths, it is fast dying away. Whilst recounting the robhery of the diligence from Rome to Naples, I may 'recommend Mr. Closes s t eam ers from I'orto d'Anto to Naples as s mat cheap and secure meth , d of getting here. From Rome to Porto d'Anzo the t tenibuse a ere guarded, and be: tween the two capitals the passenger is relieved of all anxiety l a y one pa} Meet in Rome. r'