The Express. — London, England, 1855-03-13 00:00:00

FRANCE. CPSON Til DIET 07 TIN DAILY vim.) PARIS, MONDAY WINNING. The Park correspondent claw Indiposdonce Beira, w h o s igns himself " Y," is well known to be intimately wieneeted with the French government, and his lenses ban frequently been quoted in the Moniker. I. theretors, think it desirable to call your attendee IDS beta of his in yesterday's number of the Zedrlpme dame, in which he discusses at much length the lees tioe whether, in the conduct of the war, Fraam sad England have hitherto divided between them the Amon labour, in such a way as to develop the leerarces of the two countries to the best advantage. Martini from the commonly-reosived opinion that Frame is essentially a military, and England pin allay a maritime power, he argues that the English iced be content to leave to the French the prin cipal part of the operations in the Crimes, sad should furnish all the transports possible to carry sat French troops. While we count by thousands the men who land before Sebastopol, whole corps orartnhs are necessary. Franco is burning to fur • them and ham abundant means, but, in spite at all the energy of the Minister of Marine, in spite of all the great improvements he has effected, and notwithstanding the assistance hitherto afforded by England, transport ships are still wanting. Let England at once devote her whole energies to this object, and for every transport she can furnish Prawn will at aloe and soldiers to fill it. This cor respondent, as if speaking under the sense of said responsibility, strongly protests against being maw stood to entertain the remotest feeling of damp* towards England in making the suggestion that she should leave the most important part of the land operations of the war to the French, and he pays a handsome tribute to the soldiers of Alma sad Inhuman. But in a partnership between nations as between individuals, each partner is not expected to contribute a precisely equal part to the common fund, but to aid the common enterprise according to the peculiar re mises and capabilities of each partner. The English Will always be the misters at sea, and the occasion may yet arise for their splendid fleet before Sebastopol to play a brilliant part. The writer concludes with the expression of a hope that his remarks may attract attention. The Petrie, in its " Latest News," states that, ac cording to the last letters from the Crimea, the French have demolished all the southern part of the town of Sebastopol which abutted upon the positions of the besieging forme ; but the lower town is as yet biped the reach of the French guns, and that is the part of the place which the Russians have strongly Unloaded. The desemblee Nationale, alluding to the difference between the text of the Russian manifesto and the inaccurate summary of it transmitted by the tele graph, says : Without sables counesals whisk void be loperilmnts, we think right to say Oat this Wimp of the Emperor of Sonia is far hes Jodi*, the mecemkat too hasty judg meats of a eseWs gist el the pees is Ingiesd and France.' Os the faith el the moles el a eerresposesat, or rather of a tsiegesehas tie aelbestleity of whisk was not in isey meelliste was regemnaled ea a dap eess vi alwrom a a alarggaisuseat of the lopes of peace elide bid a heel Ile moderation asaribmi le the jOillig peer. We sow see hew Ode there was well leeeded in such eggrisdaWsna, as the meeileste mallow itself ellegether to gasseellies. It due setmidelig Mush ea= Ibe great Witrk gibes Weep; IS sege slic h le the Emden war, sad is unless to seek in k it the werlike tams which the impleit received a few fte sip placed in the month of the eseseiree of Nicholas. see we sot right in entertainiag ditrest d that despatch ? Wale we sot Agin in not allowfig moshes to be infia- MINA by the homy judpaants of a pieties of the prose ? The Beet* was extremely firm at the opening of the Bourse, and, after a reaction of short duration, it closed at the highest price of the day, 69fr. 60e., With a rise of 80c. It is a remarkable fact that ru mours of the negotiations for peace being likely to take a favourable turn were extremely prevalent, while the articles in the morning government journals were more warlike than ever. It was said that Prince Goetehakoff had received orders to accept the four points without reserve. A new offer of mediation by the King of Prussia was spoken of. The coutradio tko in the Itfoniteur of th 3 many vague rumours of bad news from Sebastopol, which were perdue siously circulated at the end of last week, con tributed to the feeling of confident* which charao twitted the day. The sudden death of one of the principal ovens de change, M. Vatel, was announced to-day. Bank of France and Credit Mobilier roes 10tr. each. Orleans, Northern, and Southern fell lfr. 25c., but all the other railway lines rose from 2fr. 60c. to sfr. General de la Marmon, who had returned from London, has left Paris for Turin, to take the command ti the Piedmontese army, which is about to embark for the Crimes. GERMANY. PRUSSIA. BERLIN, llcacn S. Within the last day or two the number of titled travellers passing through this city on missions of cue loony to the nort he rn capital has been very consider able. Amongst them are the Duke George of Meck lenburg Strelite and his duchess nee Grand Duchess of Russia; Prince Peter of Oldenburg, who conies up from Switzerland ; and Prince Bernhard of Solms- Braunfels, half-brother of the King of Hanover, sent by that monarch instead of General Halkett, who was at first selected for the mission, but who, u an Englishman, very properly declined going. Further, Prince Hermann, of &xe Weimar, the son-in-law of the King of Wurtemberg and colonel of the Horse Guards, and Major-General Baron von Trotha—the former on the part of the King of Wartemberg, and the latter from the Grand-Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt. A deputation of the 6th Cuirassier Regiment (of which the late Czar was nominal colonel) is ordered to proceed to St. Petersburg to represent that corps at the futeraL It will consist of the lieutenant-colonel and the senior officer and non-commissioned officer of each rank. In our political circle., opinions vary very widely as to the effect which the death of the late Em peror will have on the aspect of European affairs. Whilst one party believe that no change of system can possibly take place, others opine that the demise oldie Czar may lead to a modification of the demands hitherto made by the Western Powers; and from what is known of the pad& character of Alexander IL, it is considered est unlikely that they may relax the pretensions on white they so strenuously in sisted whilst Niebuhr' bold the destinies of Rusin in his hands, but yid& now tan be left to the good faith of his summeor. This differeace of opinion cannot fail, however, to have an influence on the negotiatioes gain es between Prussia and the Wes tern Passe, the mselesion of which will not appear to be ee baleudikAir pressiog, u the conferences of lame met neesmarily be postponed for a time. 80, ea the ether had, I have resew to believe that no elands= will be made in the stipulations that bare bets speed on between tM contracting At leasi e lit on good authority, that Welton. who hes spin returned to Paris, is inelenetsd le she mush an meurance. It hes bees reverted that asompa other things Prods desisie a gueresise ken the Weiss Posse spied eay &wept et hessertien le her ?dirk pevisse et Pent but Sir is bmillmser ea sin the meal and *pied meentese nes& id fi %will any mat attempt, and replan se Assign esilems. Bet it is another thing with regard to Bunisa Pasal, sod it cannot be smatter clisillbr- MS fathomed et Berlin to prevent say attempt eta semintarn white might eventually lead to the reetine: Wes et the kiegbm of Poland ; and I have reams to believe that Owed Waders last visit was einseeleil with this subject, sad that be bee taken with abk Paris fall inatractiiiis train th.v Bevlbs - cablhat Witt I regard to the nature of the gennantsee to be demanded. la the meantime the death of the Carr is a political godsend to the eabinet,as it miablestNem to temporise again, and put off the evil day, when the King must make dp his vacillating mind, and join the Western alliance. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, MAIM 7. Yesterday all the members of the Russian Embassy went through the • ceremony of taking the oath of allegiance to the new Emperor in the presence of Prince Gortobakoff, and the name of Alexander IL was substituted for that of Nicholas in the Russian passports. Count Bobriusky, who left Vienna last night as special courier for St. Petersburg, was the flat person tarnished with one of these new pus grihdusrWhilst on this subject. I may state that the of Embassy M. de Fonton (whole allowed the title of Ens Honey) is the person of most import une next to Prince Oortchakoff. The rest of the Embassy consists of Major General Count Stakelberg, who in his capacity of military plenipotentiary, is in an independent situation, co-ordinate with the Am bassador ; the three Secretaries of ation, von Onbril, von Neklndoff, and von M • ' ; and the attaché, Prince Anatole Demidoff. The baptism of the infant Grand Dachas wee per formed yesterday in the Imperial Palace with all the usual ceremonies according to the Catholic ritual, and she was admitted into the bosom of the church by the names of Sophie Maris Josephs Dorothea Frederica, after which the Emperor held a court in the grand saloon and received the congratulations of the Ministers, the Generals, and the Corps Diplo matique on the auspicious event. I mentioned in a former letter, that as no formal declaration of war with Russia has been hitherto issued, the usual relation of ceremony are still kept up, and that, besides our court going into mourning, a special embassy proceeds from here to St. Peters burg to condole and congratulate. The Archduke William, who is selected for this mission, has long been on the most intimate footing of friendship with the present Cur, and is also the declared fafourite of the Emperor of Austria. His selection:hu also given satisfaction amongst our monied men, as he is general to be a man of good capacity, and it is ex pected that he will not lose so favourable an opportu nity of using his influence to induce the Czar to make some concessions, so as to open a possibility of finding a basis for negotiations of peace. Our diplomatists are rather sanguine about the success of the mission. THE LATE CZAR. The following accoont of the Emperor of Russia's sickness and death is giren in the Prussian Stoats Amager ; Mance( 3. As it now turns oat, his Majesty had been for some time violently affected with influent'. About the 18th of February his body physician, Dr. Mundt, begged for per. mimics to call in other physicians. The Emperor took this very lightly, sad turned it off with 'joke, but consented that the body physician, Dr. Harell, should aho be consulted. The lesperor became worse by degrees from want of sleep and isetheaed cough, with plentiful ezpeetoration, so that the physician', on the 22d, hewn . his Majesty would keep lib zoom The Emperor would not hear a word of it; on which one of the physicians said to him, "No 'medical man la the whole army would allow any soldier, as unwell as your Ma jesty is, to less* the hospital, for he would be sure that hie patient would eau ease is agile worse." The Emperor answered, " Yen have demo year duty, gentlemen, and 1 thank you, and now I will do mine ;" and on this he got Into his sledge in rather sold weather, and drove to the Exercising House to see some men of the Infantry of the Gard, that were about to much tato Lithuania to makeup the oomplemsat of the regiments there. At this hispanic's', which was the last occasion of the Em peror's being seen in public, he was evidently very sawell, coughed violently, expectorated excessively, and said, as he went away, "I am in • perfect bath," although it was anything bat warm in the Eseraising House. The Em. power than drove to Prime Dolgorouki, t►e Minister of War, who was ill, cautioned him set to go out too loos, and then returned to the Winter Palace. In the erasing he was present at the prayers for the first week of Lent, stayed some time with the Empress, but complained of being cold, and kept his cloak on is the roes. From that evening the Emperor did not quit his little working cabinet. It was there, on 23rd February, that las noeived his Fliigel Adjutant Colonel you Tettenborn, and despatched him to Sebastopol; all the while lying on the sots, and covered up with his cloak. After that his Majesty transferred all business into the hands of the Grand Doke Alexander. ' The days from the 24th to 27th February passed eel, without one's learning anything farther on 'wiry than that " the Emperor does not leave his bed, as he is esss► what feverish : the cough is getting less and lam hard," Ike. During the whole time he was ill the Emperor lay only on his camp bed, i. e., on a casing of Russia leather filled with hay, • bastes of the some kind, sad with a blanket and his sleek over him. It era meta Feb. 28 that his state wan looked on as de. slam* micas. On that night he became rapidly mono. The Optima apprehended a paralysis of the lungs. On the swig of Much 1 they despaired of his recovery. The Zama and the Crown Prism begged him, at the request of the physicians, to take the seerament. It was not till then that the Emperor seems to have re cognised the real dearer of his state; but hardly any shock is stated to have bees noticeable in him. In the sight, from the let to the 2nd instant, Dr. Nu& commusiested to the Emperor that he was dangerously and that more particularly his bop were violently af fected, and gave greet ground for apprehension. The Emperor answered very calmly, " And eo yes think that I am liable to a paralysis of the lungs ?" To whisk Dr. Mandt answered, " Such a result is very possible." On this the Emperor very calmly and collectedly took the sacrament, took leave of the Emmet, their children and grandobibiren, kind each, and blessed each one with a firm voice, and then retained only the Empress and the Crows Prince with him Tr is was about 4 o'clock in the morning. The Emperor said subsequently to the Empress, " De go sow and take a little rest, I beg of you." She answered, "Let me remain with you; I would I could depart with you, if it were only possible." To this the Emperor replied, "No ; you must remain here on earth. Take care of your health, so that you may be the centre of the whoa family. Go now ; I will send for you when the ..out apareadwa." The Empress could not do otherwise than obey this distinct expression of the Emperor's will, and left the room. The Emperor then sent for Graf Orloff, Graf Adlarberg, and Prince Dolgoronki, thanked there fee their fidelity, and bade them farewell. Subsequently the Baumr had all the sensate immediately about kiss seat in, thaaked them for their services, blessed them, sad teak leave of them, es whisk occasion he is said to have been Miami' very much Last of all, tits Kamelefran von &Arise& wee NM he. The Emperor *Baked her for the fidelity she MI always shown the Rapes* It the cue with which she bet always tended her in digherm begged her sever to quit the Empress, and eaded And remember me kindly at Peterhof, that I'm shad of." The Emperor pressed Dr. Kuell's hand, M art 111 him, " It is so fault of yours." -- - Whilst the Emperor's hen op host wee speaking with him he took the Empress's pat it late the priest's, u if he would confide the Empress to the ecclesiastic. After this the Emperor Ica his speech for a while, daring which time be was engaged in prayer, and erased himself repeatedly. Re subsequently maimed his voice, and spoke from time to time up to his demos, which took place with out a struggle in the presume of the whole tenni, Starch 2, at Ma minutes past noon. Almost the last acidulate words that the Emperor spoke were, " Ohre a Frith de rester Sosjeare le same pour la Ramie, et de no pm whiter les paroles de papa." At Mt the face of the seeps* wee wry musk sunk and fallen In. Bat, in the evealsg, the flat features had be- Nile mon impeding than ever free their repose and WeeWOW. Up to the metal tine the Empress bas bass this we appall sod fearful blew with modish' strength. Ta llying swish* sits pond en hoer *lithely alone with the, eerpee. The easstersaties which °memo every we et the es& demos et tab fearful bliw Is ow Whig Owe to the feel. Ise of rata awl grief. WEAL PALACE.—ONE SHILLING DAY.-1 maids,. Musk 41.4Wa110w oa poyllWate lee ; r soros ticAoto,l34; total, 822. THE ,EI ROTTERDAM, MA3 10. Accounts from the Lower and Upper Rh:lie, and from the province of North Brabant, continue to be of the moat distressing description. We hear of house undermined and beaten down by the inundat ing waters, while others more capable of resisting their violesies, stand with their roofs peering above the surrounding flood. In one instance, in a village near Dusseldorf, the inhabitants had not the time to effect their escape before the waters dashed in. sweeping all before them. Many poor creatures were drowned, though not so many, happily, as under the (dream steams might have been expected. To those who escaped, the only place of safety was in the higher stories of their dwellings ; and many instances occurred of people being obliged to seek safety on the roofs of their cottages, whither no 'mistimes could be conveyed to them, in consequence of the enormous masses of ice dashing about on the sur face of the encroaching waters. The village of Veen endaal has suffered 'evenly; the inhabitants have left—i.e., have been driven from—their homes en masse, and may be seen bringing with them their children, their furniture, and what provisions they coeld save, seeking shelter in the neighbouring vil lages. The ehurcb, which is situated on a rising ground, is almost the only building uninjured by the flood, and it is consequently filled with poor creatures shut out from any other shelter. I hear many of them are there unable to move through sickness. Even when the water may have returned to its chan cel—and at the time I write it has begun to fall—a fearful 1101410 of devastation will await the return of the inhabitants. Of winter crops there will be none —not a potato nor a chair remains ; the village must in a manner be rebuilt, reprovisioned, and re furnished before its inhabitants can occupy it again. The Hing and the Minister of the Interior nave already visited this scene of desolation, and his Ma jesty left in the hands of the authorities a thousand florins for the immediate relief of the homeless inha bitants of Veenendaal. Collections are being made throughout the whole country for the same benevo lent purpose, and as there are many Dutchmen pros pering in England, it may be that they also will lend a helping hand in aiding their distressed fellow countrymen in this their hoar of urgent need. In North Brabant the flood is not so general, but it has broken down the dykes, so that the damage caused will prove of a fearful character. Sevei al bridges have been carried away, and the town of Bois le-doe is a diminutive island amidst a waste of water and ice. The surrounding villages are deserted, but when the dykes are repaired they will again, for the most part, be habitable. In one village, however, 20 houses were at once swept away by the flood, and seven of their occupants were drowned. It is 144 years ago since Holland was before visited with a similarly destructive flood. The ice, however, is now breaking up very generally, so that no further stoppages are likely to occur in the &an , nels ; thus we may hope that we have now seen the worst of this fearful inundation. The Meese before Rotterdam bee broken up to-day, though not until a steamer of great power had first forced a pussy through the ice. The fast was immediately tele , graphed to the principal foreign ports, so that next week we may expect to see the usual activity , resumed. AFFAIRS OF THE UNITED STATES. ,r OP TIE DAILY NEW YORK, Ess. 27. An occurrence took place last Saturday, in the American Congress, as unexpected as it was gratify ing to the friends of free trade. All hope had been given up of any change for the better in our revenue laws during the present Congress. But suddenly the Hoge* of Representatives took up Mr. Houston's bill for reducing the duties on imports, attached it to the Civil and Diplomatic Appropriation Bill, and passed it by the large majority of 46 votes. No doubt is inteetained but that this bill will pass the Senate, as that body has always held more enlightened opinions ea the subject than the house. By this new tariff some twenty artielse which hay. hitherto paid duties are admitted under schedule 1, where they pay no duty. Among these articles are fruits and vegetables, which have been taxed 20 per sent. • seeds for horticulture and medicine; salt, which has been taxed 20 per cent.; woods and roots used in dyeing, burr-stones, bolting cloths, and animals of every description. A considerable number of articles have been embraced in schedule H, where they pay a duty of only 4 per cent. Among these are unmans lectured flax and raw silk, all the grams, acids said in medicine, chemistry, and manufactures, and pre- parations for dyeing. One of the most radical and important reductions is that of the duty on raw wool of every description, from 30 to 4 per cent. The tariff of 1846 charges a duty of 30 per cent. on most articles of manufactured silk, and 26 per cent. on others. By this proposed tariff they are all brought under schedule C, paying 24 per cent. The same schedule includes iron of all kinds, coal, glees of all kinds except cut glass, bats, gloves, ready made clothing, coaches, waggons and their furniture, cot ton and woollen fabrics, carpets, linen manufactures, sugar, molasses, and furs, and manufactures of fur. bill is now before the Senate, where it is likely to undergo certain alterations for the better. Among others, it is hoped that the schedule H will be to tally abolished, Enos it provides for the payment of a duty of only 4 per cent., which is too amen lair a revenue, and not large enough for protection. Among these articles are rags, raw hides and skins, bones, and several kinds of drugs.. The prevailing desire of Americans in this matter is to enlarge the free list as far as possible, in order that the tedious formalities, annoying delays, multiplication of papers, and infractiont, by mistake or design, of the revenue laws, may all be avoided. The most remarkable circumstance connected with this unexpected revival and approximation to the principle of free trade, is the way in which the New England - ^iv's' have (MOM Tl 3 111P1101AL WIWI.) __- and other northern representatic_ voted. For a quarter of a century Messachuseetts has cholera is Bulgaria. no did not attribute the illness they to the bad management en the part of the/ We" in. (Sensation.) That, of course, could not been fanatical on the subject of protection. She has gellerellY the the mortality, have happened if they bad had forage to keep them alive. been, and will probably long continue to be, the moat any one, but to c li ma t e. Att r ib u ted (Laughter.) He had not the smallest idea how it was that important manufacturing state in the Union ; which was much more remarkable among the Guards .. 4 . his animals were without food. They got all that the com bat upon this vote all her representatives, except than the Highlanders, W ih,L__,fact to porter , the Gu ards missariat sent them ; end, of course, U the commissariat did one, went over to the free trade party. More than had been so much accustomed `.° a fa' not give it them, they could not give It to the ponies. He one-half of the New York delegation went with them, vourite beverage of the regiments of the line in Hag supposed it possible the commissariat could have got some.' and upwards of thirty other northern men, without lead, and when out they experienced the want of it. They thing in the shape of supplies from the southern shores of distinction of party, joined the ranks of the free- had porter at Scutari and at Versa, but not at Anthill. He the Black Sea, had they tried; and he took it there was a traders. It has been almost universally believed believed porter was seat oat from England, but they only good deal to be bad there, oaly for the trouble of got suffi- getting it. that the Know-Nothing movement and feeling would received it at Scutari, Varna, sad fa Bulgaria. He bad not He had not the slightest idea how it was there was blindly drift in favour of the exploded policy of a the slightest difficulty in embarking his division at Varna, cient forage. The hospital beds were as comfortable ea they protective tariff, and the friends of freedom of cam- and did not knew the time it took in Mama from Varna to could make them under the circumstances, though the men mores are rejoiced to find that the present Congress, Old Fort. Several of the men died of shalom while they had sot more than one blanket each at that which has accomplished so little that has been of any were onboard ship. They begaa to embark at Balaklava on time ; but subsequently they had two, just before service to the country, should, in the last days of its the 14th September, at about half-past 'Cyan or eight in the session, enact so wise and beneficent a measure. morning. His division was landed by about one o'clock. It he left the Crimea Both he and General Benin& visited . the hospital tents, but hen w any of the head quarter- There is now rational ground to hope that our policy rained, he believed, during the whole of that sight. ,_ master-general's staff there. His Boyd Highness here will become more and more enlightened on this sub- The men had ao teats, liii ftv iiid ooh .. iha t offi cers; .' digressed, to describe the difference that existed between the led. The present Congress terminates its existence fact nobody had an ything . `-'''''-"r'' He, Pam ' personal staff of a commanding offioer and the general staff next Saturday night, at 12 o'clock ; and I have nally, had a sort of dog-kneel tent. (Laughter.) of the army. He considered himself eueenteet. to al learned this morning, by despatc.hes from Washing- Th e men remained uncovered sad without tents in the " ebn ; netue a hie own round staff (pe A emeriship ton, that the passage of the new Tariff Bill through from the 14th September to the 14th October, and the roes them individually), es well es in the medical staff of his the Senate is regarded as certain. The news will be could not have carried their teats with them without the divivioe. In the quertermesterleneve r s department the of them aasoaport. share, They cond h l ... not base acrid them .... read in England with unmixed gratification , authorities had to do with the military tone and discipline We witness a perceptible improvement in our mesas - when --1 _,.., - la ,: of the army-they bad nothing to do with its general or money market from day to day. Specie, bullion, on shore their a:prelacies was that they would G physical wants ; while in the commissariat department they and gold dust, have been steadily accumulating in attacked immediately, sad have to meet the enemy. ottsp d.,3 „ r a w i n ly to t h e carr iage of forage, ammunition, New Tork from the beginning of the year. In con- After the battle of the Alma, hie impression was that, with and food, nonce of the drought in California the receipts of very few exceptions, their wounded men were got into the a , from that region have not been quite as 'bun- field hospitekthe same evening, and placed under the care .By y K d r e . po La ti yard bsing -W erw as ted not f a o war r ste e re w s while he p h rs e ; L a: wai st Scutari from t as was expected, but it her flowed in from of the medial department. The Grenadine and Cold- °' an y army. Saw one nom there on his way back, ladle believed other quarters, while very little has been shipped to streams were alder a beak is the open air, close to the there was ther of bedding for the use of the hoepital. l Europe during the last few months. All the savings nyer, so es to have facilities for obtaining water. The Fuj imoto report that their deposits are rapidly augment- lien, tiv, 93rd, and 42nd were in houses on the opposite to Was ha d vs ° b P sd inir op t ha ts t st i e t ss w 7 l H d a halle hassi bnii sh a st v d e u r y s i s goodlei their thingsn. Lug ; and consequently these institutions have money s ide. V er y few men wen wma d e g menial , to the 79th, campment at Betaking, reports were obtained from some W lend. The insurance companies have promptly sly about 6. His division had about 16 or 18 medical men medial sod people ,44 . ted with the nu,. as 0, 1 met their heavy Josses daring the disastrous Year to &dead to it; but be did not *Mk that number enough. Ike_ w een cal i men wu try soadon at the provinces ;bat he did not His impression was that every regiment ought to have four 1864, and are again coming into market with their wpm to loan. The last steamer from California medical officers attached to it St for duty. The reason he kn ow they were favourable or unfavourable. He =it a million and a quarter of gold, moat of supposed that more did net come out from Bashed was wide the .1 men were seat out as a commission was in bars and twenty dollar pietas from that more were sot available. Be had several attached to .. when the army tint went out ; and he heard afterwards were likely to arise from the encampment of Ike flan Francisco mint. The rates of money are bin division belonging to the cavalry regiments, and the want that si..lollaell Eft his rtiviair to the lake. The sickness is down. The exhibits of specie in the Posorsioll of them, he thought, was to be attributed to the scarcity --- .a iii propinquity tithe New York banks indicate a larger margin ,fo r of medical military °Seen is England. He had no baggage broke t tue di chiefly arose from cholera, wh i c h oit to be raging eastward. He fameants than at any time during the last twelve animals when he marched from the Alma by the *oak 5 Q 'e after it was first kno wn . untrue hid been annwww 1861181111 • We receive, however, by the,,_ MA arr i ____,_, Thi l march to Sebastopol. The men and damn carried IQ they 'was not aware that any particular ti . .___ __a m _,C .lD T ,'„_____, weld with them, but the diem were wins off than ti• mut out as to cholera, in reopen of dress or , diet • but there 11711 " 4 " 111°111:171115 .i t i.l he re l f lerer rme irenos til II of Fe bruary , berm the ea carried their blanket s and greet - V, a te were some with reference to drill. BB elder came cut that Ist, dims groats co this subject : should not le drilled after eight o ' clock in the whereas the dicers, sot being soesstvind to carry arv i ebi n g, the men _. encampment from It tr im. " P lat e l /Jew, the news which lan tor- had cooly Unit great coats sad a few lighter Usk mornio g, owing to the heat. la s Wag 11, Vie steams of to-day is of the mat disco* eV they ' In leaky enveloped ill miat namerat. Try% Is early prostrate, ;ad the Pm= witted* so abut th/tv wire seat of th ew without their morning to-night was co p roa, MARCH 13, 1855. have DIVOT gaii - sliim — s. -- The petned" -- Pal eeme Vrod;laichrsstatrof Mega is the absence of ealledrat rale to enable the miners to presents their labours. Frees various motions of the data *camas amounts meek tea—abusdattaa of auriferous earth thrum up, but no water to &disloyal' the metal. For the past few days the sky has bees overcast, and we had bum fumed with a bud& atmesphed. bet the old !whined wined sir he net pat mu their appearance. Be deed te die peep ed's mead of the year. we learn that e 17 aa niestair et awes of wheat Mee hum sown, and that di* tof Misr asps will be My up to that of last year. hi as 'Manny propitious seem, we shall had : :=s:e of** anal egrioultaral pedants. Of general , dads ea bard mad empgihe cs the way an l calla s Tal to our weals fee salsas is mac The news by the last mall elemsr, limillippers oa the other side were measurably reeswederibek mese, sad mein to 11l asp ell the dude Wide& We jives rise to some enure moment We. The prosiest et - oda a partial breathing apse. sad the psedhility of ewe rad before the sprig( seem anima., welds the hope that we may not yet be delivered over to inter despoadency. THE ARMY BEFORE MR. ROEBUCK'S CODUlzxnn. 1 1 The announcement that hi Royal Highness the Dake of Cambridge, in command of the Guards during their brilliant enoleite at Alma, Inkormann, and Haskins, one to be seamalmil yesterday, attracted, long before the Emer were opened. • formidable concourse of IMP pllEMmoiraserleally mush larger than the committee- Milnited to contain, and to preserve the aeries ma Min% gibe were stationed along the corridors to mai lob an ages gangway. EIS royal highness arrived shortly I l bin Alsak, and was ushered la to the committee. lOeattigbtls custom of important public committoes in all prod= iteldema, the pablio in the present instance are not Malaita Imbe the cosamittm-room until the committee itself is assemßied. The oinsequeaos of this arrangement, or rather malmmaageotent, is, that on the room being opened, • most unparliamentary rush takes place through the nar row doorway, and all is pell-mell and confusion—an Oonsomly overture to the proceeding, that might be readily melded by snowing the gentle public, as in the case of Mbar laibunals, to take their plum by a process of gradual agregollem The representatives of tin press, moreover, who wise in considerable strength, encountered in cons.- moms peat difficulty in obtaining their privileged entree at the hands of the police, who, as usual, exercised their obstructiveness and brief authority on the occasion, till at length the committee room having assumed something like silence and signs of the ado renew, which it was for some time difficult to establish oat of the dense public mass pecked together, like pigs in a Turkey basket, the hoe. Chairman addressed himself to his royal highness, who, though apparently hemmed under the heat and labour of the campaign, was looking remarkably well. His royal highness was seated on the left of the Chairman, and not in the place nasally allotted to the Mimes. This was rather unfortunate for than who had to catch and Imam a comet account of what was said, since the exami nation assumed occasionally too much the form of • iele-et fore or tea table conversation at the committee table between the Chairmen, the various reemben, and his royal highnem. His royal highs/sin, who gave his evidence with ad mirable truisms, said—He joined the army to the East at I Seuteri on the 10th of May, sad embarked from theme Varna with the expeditionary forces on 13th June fol lowing. All the forces, with the exception of the artillery, went by steamers. The artillery went by ailing vessels and not by steamers. The condition in which he found the men of his division at Scutari was that of perfect good order : in fact, they were as well as when they left England. Hie own men, when they encamped, were particularly well, and were well supplied with food; but the commis sariat operations were not as satisfactory as he could have wished even at ficatari. Greet inconvenience arose es regarded forage, there being only one plea of issue for the whole of the troops, during the time they were at Scutari, and that caused so much delay that it sometimes took an officer's servant all day waiting before be could lobtala his supply. Whet they arrived at Varna no prepa rations were made to receive them. They had only to land sad take up their position. The troop' were not actually in want of provisions, but only now and then. The supply was not SO regular as could have been wished. The forage fin the hones was often very irregular. Personally, his sepal highs's* recommitted soma 12 or 14 miles of the muntry around Verna, sad should have imagined that there wee an opportunity of furnishing the hones with food from theses, and that they might have obtained • large supply. TM went of forme did not, he thought, arias from the abases, of awns of food in the country. When his division moved en to Alladin, he directed it to encamp as near as they mad conmoiently to where the light division had been. His division might have been ball or a quarter of • mile from the water, but still ea the high ground. They encamped further from the water than the light division did, thinking ft objectionable to be so near. He had no opinion as to the salubrity or otherwise of the place from the medical coM ion of the division, but considering they were obliged to encamp sear the water, they took up such ground as they thought most advantageous under the circumstances. When they were there their honea were not very regm isrly supplied. They were well supplied as regarded barley, but not as regarded hay. He had nothing but oxen to carry his camp material, attached to his division. There might have been a few horses. The first cam of *knew was on the 17th hill. The weather was very visa. and they had only been 17 days encamped when the eholera broke out. Them was a deficiency in the attendance of medical men, but • good many fell in after words. Tiny went out with' two assistant-surpass to sash regiment, but his impression was they ought to have had three at least, and this number they now had. They did not feel the want of them so much until the cholera broke out, and then there was so much difficulty expo *mad is all the divisions that they made the best of it. Thera was no such great delleissey et =idiotism atVarna, sod no deficiency of medicine. As soon as the sickness broke out he took steps, with the concurrence of Lord Rag lan, to move the encompment, sad it was moved away from AlleitUa similes distant. The troops were all well then, sad they had wells and small running streams for supplying eas maps with water ; but the sickness rather increased than diminished on their removal. He lost a groat many of the Guards from cholera, bat he could not say how luny of the highlanders. The brigade of Guards lost 170 from bleakete. He was not sure whether the order is to eanylog (erred taking them, while others took only what they con tained and left the covering behind. He did not know whether they canted with them a change of clothing. He was one of the fist who arrived with his division at Bala klava sad took pessession, and they pared the first night OWING the loam The Nana for doing se was that they led net Won pereirion of the house in the town so as to pat the men inlet carer ; and the general impression was that they might be attacked, and of course all the regiments of the division would be kept together to meet any sadden 'uprise' ; in fast, they took up a sort of military position to Vet the town towards Mackenne's farm and Sebastopol. With reference to any authority to distribute the houses in Balakiava among the boon, there were certain benne, he believed, " told off" for certain departments, but the generality, be thought, were not " told off." And as re garded any fighting in the town, the light division exchanged a good number of shots when they first arrived, sad several shells were thrown from an old Grecian fort. into the town. There was a certain amount of devastation committed by the troops; bat, considering there had been firing going on, there was as little disorder in the town as they weld well anticipate ; 1n fact, upon the whole, he thought the inte rior was very creditable to troopsattaelting a town. There was a very large house, occupied by Lord Raglan when they ant got in to Dakhla's, and be believed it was always sup posed to be Lord Raglan's, as it was chalked on the door to be hi head-qurten. The house was afterwards offered to him when he was taken ill, but he did not take it, and did net know who occupied it after. The sick under the hos pital tents might have been taken to it ; but he could not my that the troops wanted housing, as they were generally either put late the houses, or "told out" into the hespitab, or taken on bard ship. He did not revisit Balaklava during the whole time he was before Sebastopol, being too much absorbed in what he had to do there. The work of opening the trenches began about two days after they reached Sebastopol, and it was than that they began the work of forming the batteries with their working and covering parties. He did not know that any portion of the troops were unoccupied, and be did sot think, so far as his division went, that any of them could have bean spared to make the road that was required. At first the weather was fine, but sickness soon set in, and there was a groat number of sick before they got the torte. The fact was, the cholera re-appeared amongst them. Many of the houses in Balakiava were in a very dirty state, and knocked about by the inhabitants rushing to get away, and consequently many of them were not exactly suited for the men: He took the Woronzoff road, an excellent pest road to communicate with Bala kites. While oat the First Division were never a day without rations, with the exception of being a little short of rum, but they always had bread and biscuit, and from the latest accounts he had received their supply was good now. He attributed this not only to the ears and circumspection of the officers, but to the energy and acti vity of the oommissariat. He was very well served by the eommisutiat himself. Those of that body attached to his division were particularly good men. They were young, and at first, perhaps, wanting in experience ; but they were extremely anion and attentive, and when he (his royal highness) made known to them the difficulties of the depart ment and his wants and wishes, they carried them out to the letter. Then difficulties (continued his royal highness) consisted, if he might so term it, in the forms common to the department, and in their not being suited to the opera tions of the field. He thought they were extremely incon venient. They seemed to consist in throwing difficulties in the way instead of making everything easy. (Laughter.) Re would give the committee an instance. Early in the day when he first went to Balaklava his division moved on to Alkali, and he (his royal highness) remained a few days behind ; and being anxious to have his men properly rationed, he sent an officer on to the earn raises:let, with instructions to that effect; but instead of doing this, the gentlemen of the commissariat sent back, in place of rations, a printed form. (Laughter.) This caused a delay of some hours; and instead of sending the return back, sad saying it was incorrect, or that the return must be altered to entitle the men to rations, they sent no rations at all. On the officer coming to him (his royal highness), ha immediately directed him at once to go with the saireals, and bring the rations up, end so they got them at lost, though he thought they ought. in spite of the official form end flaw, to have get then rations at first. (Laughter.) To cap the whole it turned out that the oommissariat officer was wrong and the military officer right, and that there was no mistake in the return at all. (Much laughter.) He thought then matters of form were quite preposterous, but that the absurdity was considerably shaken off by the time they got further into the Crimea. He named it to Commis sary Filder, who did not seem to take much notice of the matter. (Laughter.) He attributed the general ill-feeding of the troops and forage of the horses to the beads of the commissariat department. Had nothing to complain of as regarded his own commissariat, who, in pursuance of his instructions, always provided a three days' store. He did not make himself much acquainted with the resources of the country • round Varna when there with reterence to its capability of supply of food and forage for the tinny ; but thought that the districts around Constantinople, from what he saw of them, might unquestionably have furnished those supplies. It would take a steamer thirty-six hours to run from Varna to Balaklava, and stores at Varna might have been mar ported to Dalaklava in that time. There could not be two opicions on the subject u to the troops having been very much overworked—worked beyond their strength— and no men could be worked to such a degree without being seriously affected in their health and physical strength. Much of this ilium and fatigue was owing to the want of roads and conveyances. They bad to carry thing. them selves that ought to have been brought up for them. On their transit from Varna to Old Fort they did not take any baggage animals with them. Not being a naval officer he could not speak with confidence as to the.ressons why the men-of-war did not carry any troops ; but he believed the vessels of was were obliged to be retained to protect the convoys, lest the steamers, of which there were • large number in the harbour of Sebastopol, might come out and attack them. He did not know whether the baggage animals had any supplies of food when they arrived. All be could say was, that his baggage animals had not, and that he was obliged in consequence to shoot them down. In hie own division he had to shoot 24 immunities ponies, on one morning, at the end of October, owing to the dreadful state He did not know, when the cholera brae out, tents, which, under ordinary circumstances, were hot pitched too near obi to anther ; but in connexion with the ezistenc• of disease, they might have been. When his di vision west to the top of the bill they had a greater area, both as regarded the pitches of the tents and the relative distance of the regiment. There was no particular dist pre scribed, bat they endeaeoured to diminish indulgence by the troops fa vegetables and fruits as much as possible. Rice was used when they could get it. The mortality we. greater in some regiments then in others ; and in the Guards he attributed it to a departure from their gems,' diet, their beverage of porter, end the climate. They had bread regularly while at Baleklava. His division thought the bread bad, and he, for one, did not like it. It didn't agree with him at all. Could not say it was abso lutely bad ; but it was much darker than what he lad been accustomed to. He did not hear that the cho lera was occasioned by the bread, which he believed wile supplied under contract from Varna. The French baked their bread in their own ovens, and be thought the French bread was better then the English. There were great com plaints about the tents. He thought the hospital teats were I excellent, but be could not say as much for the regimental. As a general rule, and considering the sickness, they were not sufficient in number. Representations were made, and more were asked for, but he believed none were to he had. He was net aware Out there was any depot of tents at Vona. The tents were brought from Malta. There was a hffiimalty in the accessibility of Verne, there being only en eallauce in one direction, end the streets were often much eMl•bered. There was a difficulty in genies provisions. Slane were there when they encamped, but he could not speak as to the forego or food. The ambulance, in his opinion, were a great dad too heavy, and placing the wonaded men in them, on the shelf within, was very painful, and like pushing them into a coffin. He eould not speak as to the character of the Turkish tents, but the French bed their tents d'abri. The Firer ch officers bad a larger kind of tents. He could not say whether the French officers carried baggage, but he supposed Out, as they bad tants, they had baggage; but be was not aware whether they used waggons to carry it. The men generally preferred the small camp kettles to the larger ones, owing to their requiring less fuel. After the battle of the Alma, the Fourth Division encamped upon the heights, on a spot previously occupied by the Russians, and the cholera broke out very badly. It was the business of the quarter muter-general, under the direction of the commander-in chief, to choose t►e site for encampment. He might not have thought it desirable to;encamp upon a spot previously occu pied by troops; but there might have been strategic reason for doing so which might have been far more important than the contingencies of sanitary consideration. Thought the officers in command ought not to have to carry their own baggage, as it rendered them far less efficient, and that every officer on march ought to be mounted, beam* at the end of a march they ought to be fresh and active, end if not it was impossible they could look after their men with the aid and satisfaction that were so essential. la the Peninsular war all the officers in command of companies were mounted, and furnished themselves with baggage eaggons. He had ridden through the French lines, but bed not paid any particular attention to their arrangement. He was not aware that any attempts were made to get workmen from Constantinople, and was acquainted only with the opposite coast of the Crimea from the maps. Could not say whether the commissariat could have made emersion' in the Crimea for supplies, or inquiries into the resources of the coast on the other side of it. He believed that they bad one or two cargoes of cattle from Zupatoria, or some part of Asia Minor, and one or two eassigsments from Sinope after the storm. Commissary °mural Filder never visited his division, though, consider tag it was a newly organised force, it would have been very leatisfactury had he done so. Was on board the Retribation daring the storm at Belaklava, and the Retribution cut away her mute and was fouled by the Rip Van Winkle. Sapposiog the Russians bed taken Snaffle and the army had been required to march, it could not then have taken with it the siege train, which was eventually moved by buf faloes and bullocks. During the storm he heard frequent signals of distress. The reserved brigade of guards at•lnkermenn were in an unsatisfactory state to go into action, because one half of them had been on duty during the whole of the previous night, and besides they bad bad no breakfast. When they went into action the pickets bad not come off duty. The troops were often in want of fuel, but the supply was better before he left. He remained in Balaklava harbour from the 16th to the 25th of November, being leas well than he expected, and waiting to go on to Constantinople, but having to wait for the means of conveyance. By 0 1 Peel—The camp kettles used were after the pattern of those approved by the Duke of Wellington for the Psalmist campaign. By Mr. Ellice—When his regiment arrived at Scutari no arrangement had been made with regard to hospitals for the sick end wounded._ . . By Lord Seymour—He had no hesitation is saying that the commissariat ought to be constituted a military instead of a civil department. It would ,be better that it should be a separate department. It was so in India, and in the Wrench army it was an essentially military department. Thought that if the commissariat were altogether removed ham the civil authorities it would work better for the troops altogether. The land transport in the Crimea was by no means effective, in fact he might say they had none at all. It would be • good thing to separate the land transport department from the commissariat department. There was good ground for leaving the knapsacks behind, but at the same time he must say that he should be sorry to dispense with them altogether. He believed that there was at one time an intention of abandoning Balaklava, and it would therefore have been highly inexpedient to have stores there. He did not mean to say that a regiment should have four medical officers attached to it in time of peace, but only in the field. He attributed the sickness of tho men to cholera and overwork. He believed that if ve getables and rice had been supplied to the men, and if there had been less salt meat, the sickness would not have been so severe. Oar men were not so apt at cooking their food as the men of the French army. The camp of the First Divi sion was kept as clean as it could be, but it was very diffi cult to keep a standing camp perfectly clean. There was a great change alter the battle of Inkermann, as there were so nosey dead horses. The tools supplied to the troops were very bad, indeed nothing could be worse. It Was chit fly in consequence of this defect that the troops were unable to supply themselves with fuel. From what he saw, he had every reason to believe that the health of the French army suffered as much as that of the English. The bearskin caps were thrown away by some of the troops, but others retained them, and found them more convenient than the shaker. Most of the guns that went into action at Inkermann wanted ammunition in their limber, owing to the want of moving the siege train. Nothing could be worse I than some of the tools that were eupplied for making the trencher. They were shocking. The bill hooks were quite useless, and would not cut the wood. He believed these tools were reported against at Chobhsm, and Le himself made representations to the authorities concerning them. Thought the French soldier carried as ranches the English. By Sir J. Pakington—He considered himself very fortu nate in his commiseariat. They were younr men, and had their business to learn, but they set themselves to the work with such seal that they at ones overcame all deli claim Rice was a very common and abundant article in Turkey, and the only season he could conceive why it was not provided was that it was not an ordinary scldier's ration. By Mr. J. Ball—lie considered it necessary always to have three days' store, because ho thought it was the dury of an army to be ready to =nee at • short notice. He knew that green coffee was issued. He regretted tb-tt it had been issued, for he thought cocoa would have been much better. The men objected to cocoa because they would have preferred tea, and as the supply of tea was very limited, it was impouible to get sufficient for the whole, and therefore the coffee was issued in that state. By Dir. Layard—He thought that many improvements might be made in the army. It would, for example, bo very desirable to have Macintosh sheeting in heepital tents. There had been much change in the army in the shape of improvement since the Peninsular war. The education of the men was much better now, and had made a wonderful advance during his short military experience. The tools were supplied to the army by the Ordnance department. By Colonel Lindsay—His regimeot had no cause to com plain of their shoes while he was there. Since he left he believed some complaints had been mode. He had heard that after the battle of Inkermann the army consisted of 13,500 bayonets, working men, but be was not prepared to say that that was a correct statement. If prop , r reiuffirce soots had been poured in, much of the sickness would have boss prevented. By Mr. Rllice—He could not)say what was the effective strength of the French army. The examination of his royal highness haviog been con dada, the 00 aufeXIS, PIN in oomplimente7 Seferenec to i A