The Express. — London, England, 1861-09-19 00:00:00

lIARSI 4 )NIUMS.—NEW llollEl. IMALk. &.4 vl. Itevisi sirvet LOYIII3/11 9 YDROSTATIC TEA awl COYISH rim I / LAID& IeMPIU .%r. owl Imola. l• • lams•sa. hong Wirt *ye, •4.1 r. x Ilirwr).o...re. ttsdnt••••• Alm —J. COLLI.4. Iwo M. rogni. Weel.a4 drryi. • 10 . •• - •.. 01 4 ". t. W. Eh, erprews. NII bIAtAKT ‘I • f II Lt It I N 1.% EN W 41% VAIN LADY . —TUC pep - 1 41.% %var. Weekdo*r. Malice., gm( hoe Iln• r V.. helm 11r* E. 111404114 m —TIM i rle —Aged 11.41 i ••11 • RI %UN - Woman, at 1. 11*T1V1‘74, giry‘rne, t e. •4 %.1 rovityv mew& arypinii. . 1 N. F r , r .• I I Obi Marlinty —Mr. r. Promeptrws.—M IM• Crlrlar• Pl. TISK LAAr AIL —To casette& wit I. MICA r VI.; tr IA ) illlN.ANCmmses hop, It lOU w,rLat AT LOSDII3 . BIUDOL limp DAT .wiry. Ya .v• Agbenststa. lb 2:42 To 1111/. w —3l 41.1 rd. 1410 Aikassass, LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPT. 19. TO OUR RKADER& SPOIiTING INTELLIGENCE. A late iJitiuu nf the lixpreas it published even erentsg sturin4 the racing meason, containing the familia ut tbo ki.tr's races. Tut " Minister of Foreign Affairs" of his ex- Majesty of the Two Sicilies has, it seems, indited a reply to Bans' Itiessou's recent circular di., 'patch. To whom this reply is officially supposed to be adilreoeil is not stated ; probably to the dipluniatio agents accredited to the Court of FRAN* is 11. at Rome by the Powers which have not yet recognised the Kingdom of Italy. Tim published version—for it professes to be a version only- appears in a Legitimist journal at Paris, and the effect this tremendous document is likely to have upon public opinion in Europe is only comparablo with the effect which countless me •ale on the National Debt, drawn up by po litical economists in Bedlam, have perceptibly had on that tenacious institution. The " Minister of Foreign Affairs," however, is betrayed by his feelings into disclosures somewhat damaging to his cow, if it were a cause susceptible of damage or of redemption. He claims all the exploits of the " brigands" as proofs of irrepressi ble loyalty and devotion to a " paternal" If. wooer dynasty, and he lays stress on the fact that these robbers, assassins, and incendiaries invariably begin their operations by smashing the portraits of YmeTsot I.:ilium-Et and GsanisLoi, and the escutcheon of the House of Savoy. FRANCIN 11. gave sip Naples and Gaeta only to save bloodshed; indeed, had it not been for the sudden withdrawal of the French fleet, the siege of I:atta would have been raised by a national insurrection. At pre sent the beloved subjects of FRANI is IL are suffer ins; all the horrors of a dark and sanguinary op pression, and sighing for the restoration of the liberty and happiness they enjoyed under their last two fatherly sovereigns. King FRANCIS IL has always discouraged and disapproved insurrec tionary movenients in his behalf, and deprecated useless bloodshed. Nor has it ever entered into his mind to make a hospitable refuge the basis of his military operations. But he holds himself in readiness to fulfil his duties to his people at the first favourable opportunity. Such is tho sum and substance of this highly edi fying docune-iit. Baron Iticasott has only to point to the behaviour of the people of Naples during thous two days national rejoicings in honour of Oriatassoi and in commemoration of the ex pulsion of the Bombes. Five hundred thousand people making festival, without a moment's riot ing Cr disorder, twenty thousand National Guards, picked battalions of the Italian army, all united in a Imams joy, °Diffidence, and pride. The tumul twos cheering that hailed the King's Lieutenant, the victor of Ga.:to and Castelfirlardo, and which a Colonel of the Pontifical &saves, arrested as a con spirator, ass invited to witnans--General Cisunst needs no other justification. It was not cheering that amid be beught and drilled ; it was tbi welcome of a great city and an entire population to the champion of a free and united Italy. If the Court and Cabinet of Faarcrs 11. are at a loss to account for this perversity of the people of Naples, let them take a look at Leghorn and Florence. Certainly if the reception of V 1.14.11 Eximiiever. in Central Italy is a sign of the suffer ing and oppression of the people, the Two Sicilies under the Bourbons must have been a Paradise of speechless loyalty and content. The enthusiasm of the energetic citizens of Leghorn at the pea sage of their K tau through the town is described by eyewitnesses as more like an outburst of per and familiar gratitude and affection than the distant homage of a people for a Sovereign. Leg horn is famed for its fierce democracy, yet nowhere is the presence of a Klee who has staked his crown and life on the battle-field against the Austrian nu:, welcome or more dear. Leg horn has no: forgotten the tender mercies of an Austrian garrison, the present from its honest and benevolent liRANI) DIAL. The object of Vii-roa Eturioi tires present visit to " the Athens of Italy," the gem and flower of his Kingdom, is itself an earnest and a visible proof of that national unity which purblind pretenders and their parasites affect to deny. This unity, the dream of great and wise Italians in past cen turies, and the scorn of petty statesmen in our own, was to be a gage of battle before it could be a growth of peace. Foreign dominations and divisions mast be cast out before the nation could enter into the full enjoyment of its indivisible in heritance. It wu the policy of Austria and of the satraps of Austria to fester a spirit of muni cipalism and isolation, and to prevent the name of Italy from becoming a fact. Against this system, public spirit, art, science, genius, and all the forces of civilization were silently contending even at • time when the King of Ptetmowr was an Austrian dependent. lint unity remained the consoling vision of martyrs and confessors : the Italian nation was pent up and parcelled out in strips and patches of artificial States. Italy was carefully and ungenerously deprived of self-consciousness, and forbidden to believe in its own existence, ex cept on the map. This was what the ancient rivalry of flourishing cities and glorious republics Lad come to under the auspices of modern tyrants. Aud thus the Italy of to-day was a geographical expression thirteen years ago. It is now a first rate Power. If it be to the bravo and hardy Subalpine people that Italy owes the first place in her gratitude ; to Tuscany belongs at least the second. What the calm audacity of C•vona initiated, the resolute and lofty temper of RICAAOLI completed. Florence, at one, a temple and a monument of the majestic reminiscences of the past—the tomb of that proud Subalpine poet, whale life andgenius were prophetic of the common destiny of Piedmont and Italy— Florence, by a bloodless and humane revolution persistently maintained, made the false and frivo lous stipulation* of N'illafranca of none effect, ratified the inikpendence of Central Italy, and opened the way to the emancipation of the South. Ilfr THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 19, 1861. Some foreign sycophants and some domestic courtiers were fain to protest against the sacritios of a dynasty and a court, and to lament that a Duchy should sink to the condition of a province. But the good sense and public spirit of the gentle but constant Tuscans were proof against all blandish ments and threats. They were content that the birthplace of DANTE and MA. 111AVELLII should be still the fairest of European cities, the central jewel in the Crown of Italy. For they knew that nothing could take from Florence her supremacy 'in all that mumbles and enchaidn the world. Well might the welcome of his affectionate, gentle, and devoted Tuscans shake the heart of a Soldier- K is.: with tenderness, for it was at once a royal awl a national acknowledgment of willing sacri fices and noble compensations ! The King of Prir.v touched the national chord most happily when, at the opening of the Exhi bition, he spoke of it an a sign and symbol of the desire fur the unity of Italy. Not only is it the sign ; it is the realization of unity. The most inane of all the fictions of the reactionary party , been the talk about " Piedmontizing " Italy. The truth is, that Piedmont is ltalianized. What was CIALDINI . S army at (!astelfidardo and Gaeta, and t: AKIIIALIHN army in Sicily and on the Volturno f What is the army that suppresses brigandage on the frontier of the Roman States, holds Austria in check, and garrisons Tuscany, the Romagna, and Piedmont itself f It is a Tuscan, a Itoraagnol, a Venetian, a Sicilian, at leant as much as a Piedmontese army. It is true that in their Northern comrades the soldiers of the South and Centre find a normal pattern and example of disciplined courage, patience, and activity. At this moment the Tuscan capital is garrisoned by the National f:uartl of Palermo. Even so the life blood of Italian patriotism circu lates through the whole national frame. The Exhibition which has just been opened at Florence will bring together citizens from all guar ten of the Peninsula. Merchants and bankers, capitalist., manufacturers, producers, inventors, artists, soldiers, men of letters, of science, of thought, of action, poets, politicians, and even clergy, will meet as Italian citizens, in the presence as it were, and in the company of those immortal and inspiring memories which to genius and virtue make all Florence holy ground. Grand Dukes and Bourbon Kings may well gnash their teeth at such a mating as this. etc er urt. BALMORAL, Sununu 17. The Queen, accompanied by Princess Helena, sad attended by Lady Churchill, took A drive yesterday afteranoe. The Prince Consort, with Prince Alfred, Prince Louis of Hose, and the Duke of Newcastle, had the Balmoral Wal4 driven foe deer. The Earl mid Coanteen Rummell and Viscount Amberley bed the honour of being invited to dinner. _ _ The Counter Ronal was presented to the Queen, on Earl Russell's elevation to the Peerage. Doepatehee •ere received yeetcrday at the Colonial. °Moe fi"tii the Governor of ComoLt. ITALY. The Princes Royal of Italy are expected at Ancona on the 26th inst., whence they will pro ceed, about the end of the month, by Porliguo and Terri to Perugia and from Perugia to Florence, to visit the Italian Exhibition. The Provincial Council of Milan has voted a sum of 5,000 franca for a monument in commemoration of the battle of Magenta. The "Minister of Foreign Affairs" of the ex- King of Naples has replied (from Rome) to Baron Rieman's circular relative to the insurrectionary bands in the Neapolitan provinces, by a memoran dum, in which the baron's statements are declared to be a tissue of untruths. The document tenni , mites in these words : Has such an epoch of destruction, ruin, and murder ever existed under the government of the Bourbons? Boos the but half century show a uunilwr of capital executions approaching that of the persons shot in a single day by the Pieihnontese The times of Attila are thrown into the shade by those of Piedmont. The brutal force of the most monstrous conquest aims at subjecting the intelligence of a nation which upholds itadignity, which struggles to shake off the yoke of a tyranny introduced under the mask of liberty, and afterwards developed with the ferocity of the aasasain. The people of the Two Micilies, rich in all social resources, proud of those gtuituies who were the glory of Italy, a people numbering about ten millions of souls, possessing great and powerful cities, could not, cannot, and oever will become a province of Piedmont, deprived of everything which constitutes the grandeur of nations. The people of the Two SIMMS, therefore, combat spontaneously, and hitherto without any impulse from without, in order to re cover their former greatueas ; they claim the return of that splendour imparted to their country by the immortal Charles who raised it from the state of a province to a kingdom • t h ey demand the preservation of the religion of their fa th ers in all its purity, of which intrigues, cowardice, sod treason have sought to deprive them. A treaty of commerce, based on principles of free trade and tho most complete reciprocity, is un derstood to be in course of negotiation between the guvernmenta of France and Italy. NAVAL AND MILITARY. ADMIRALTY, SEPT. 18. Arroarntarrs. Commander D'Arey L. Punta, to the Medea, commissiooed. Paymasters C. T. Thome, to the Hawke ; T. Hocking", to the Formidable ; If. S. Collins, to the Donegal; L. Mu tennan, to the Coruwallis. M.isters C. C. Scott, to the Indus, for the Satellite ; C. B. Ryail, to the Indus. for the Styx. Second Masters J. C. Thomas and C. I'. Hodges, to the Jackal. Chief Engineer J. 11. Keane (promoted), to the Asia, as supernumerary acting engineer; G. M. Dooley, transferred front the Fisgard to the Asia, as supernumerary acting se,ond-clies assistant.eugineer ; J. Potts (additional), of the Arrogant, for the Handy, vice Hawkins. CHATHAM, Sm. Is. Orders 'ere this morning received from the Horse Guards for the 31st and 33rd companies of Royal Engineers to be held in ruathuess to embark for the Ifediter raiieen on the 2erth inst. Both companies have been aug mented to their full complement from the depot companies now at headquarters. The two companies wiU embark at Portsmouth on board the screw steamer Himalaya. The 34th company of Royal En under the command of Lieutenant K. 11. Vetch, will embark for Bermuda, where it relieves the Stith company, which returns to this garrison on the completion of its period of foreign service. The recent experiments made with the 12. pounder Arm strong guns having demonstrated that the use of primers may he dispensed with, a rew vent-piece for this descrip tion of ordnance has been approved and will he brought into general use. The old pattern vent-pieces are to be returned into store in order that the vents may be altered to the dimensions required. PORTSMOUTH, Sem.. lg. The Vigilant, 5, screw gun-vessel, was taken into the ship basin to-day to he masted and rigged for the first class steam ordinary. Experiments have been resumed to-day to test the resist. leg power of Mr. Jones's sloping armour. The target, which placed at an angle of about 45 degrees, was built on the deck of a small vessel called the Griper, and was moored in the shallow water off Southsea Gude. The at moor plates are 44 and 5 inches thick, and were placed on timbers and iron knees, so constructed as to be of the greatest possible strength. The Stork, gunboat, attached to the Excellent, gunnery ship, was moored at a short range (two hundred yards, we believe), and the armament used was a 100-pounder Armstrong gun. The result of the experiments was in Mr. Jones's favour, so far as regards the resistance offered by the target. There is still, how• ever, the important question to be decided by naval archi tects, as to the practicability of buiblieg a ship with a broadside at such an angle as kr. Jones purposes. The troops of this garrison, with the Royal Marines Light Infantry, were brigaded on Stadium Common this afternoon by Major-General Lord William Paulet, commanding the south western district. The customary evolutions were gone through, and a great concourse of people assembled to witness the spectacle. Fortunately no accident occurred, although several persons bad a narrow escape of being killed by a ramrod which was shot from a rifle while the troops were in line (parallel with a line of spectators), and which bore the mark of the 2nd battalion of the 18th Regiment. EDUCATION AND COMPETITION FOR COMMIS. SIONS WITHOUT PURCHASE. Two head masters of schools thus comment on the memorandum from the Honigfunds, dated August 26 : "In this memorandum it is stated that henceforth all candidates for commissions without purchase shall be re. quired to pass through the Royal Military College.' We do not know what the reasons for this change may be, but we think there are very serious reasons against it. " It is not evident tol us why schools and schoolmasters in general should he precluded from educating boys for the chances of this distinction. We ourselves have been in the habit of sending pupils into the various fields of public com petition, which are now happily open at the universities and else where ; and, as our names are not published here, we may add that we have done this with a fair amount of suc cess. It is natural that we should regret any now restric tions on this liberty of education. " We do not wish to discuss the relative merits of gene ral and profelaional education, except so far as to say this, that we think it no disadvantage to the (metal body of regimental officers that they are drawn'from various schools, and, in fact, prepared for the service in the midst of asso ciations with those who are destined for other professions. " It is above all in the interest of parents twat we write. One of them writes to one of us thus :—' A. will have to leave at Chi-names, 11362, as I intended ; and I shall be obliged to pay from IfAX. to 200/. per annum for two years at Sand hurst. B. will leave to leave a year sooner also. This hard memorandum will entail on me an expense of nearly WM C. went up from --and passed a good examination ; his position iu the army proves him to be a zealous and intelli gent officer ; and it is bard that you are no longer to have the privilege of thus serving the army by educating its cadets.' "The contemplated change appears torus to make mere wealth a condition of that which is held out as tho reward of intellectual awl moral excellence. Many of our boot regimental officers are the sons of clergymen, and we all know that the clergy are not usually rich. Rut, inde pendently of wealth, there may be many MUMMA why a parent may wish to have his boy educated within the in fluences of home, till he is ready to enter the examination which is to determine his professional position. " It may, indeed, be said that Sandhurst will infallibly produce the best candidates for the examination. If this be the case, there can be no need to exclude other schools from what may be thought, but may not prove to be, a hopeless competition with the Royal Military College. In such a competition we ourselves are quite willing to take our chance." VISIT OP PRINCE ALPRID TO LIVERPOOL. His Royallfiglineon Prince Alfred will sail from this port as /Saturday seat, in the Royal Mail steam•ehip Niagara, for Halifax, where he will join his ship the St. George, and so mum° his naval duties is North America. We are glad to he enablad to atkl that, on the invitation of hi s Worship the Mayor.his royal highness has promised to spend the whole of Friday in t his town, au tha t he may have an °lvor. tunity of viewing the docks and the various other object, of interest at this port. The prince will arrive here early oa Friday morning, and we ■ro sure that our townsmen will feel pleasure in making the acquaintance of one of the royal (Aunty, in whose future career the inhabitants el a great maritime community will naturally take such a peculiar interest. Apartments have been engaged at the Adelphi Hotel, but on Friday erasing his royal Meurer will dine privately with the Mayor at the Town Hall, and he will embark on board the Niagara about 9 o'clock on Saturday nioraiag.—Lierei.oul Memoir, of this day. The Prince Leon Railzivill has arrived at Lon 'e HoteL The Duke de Caderouase Gramma bu arrived at Long's Hotel from Paris. The Marquix Camden arrived in Grosvenor square yesterday from the Wilderness, near Semmanka. Lord and Lady Cretnorue have arrived in town from a tour in Germany, on their way to their seat in Ireland. The Counteam (Dowager) Spencer has arrived at toe Dowager Lady 'Baton's modems io St. Jaresta-plea, fnen Surthamptonabirr. The marriage of Viscount Clifden to Miss Seymour, daughter of lady Augusta Seymour, and eider of t►e C. eaters Spencer, as hoed to take piaci on If oaday meat, at at. Jam's Church, Piccadilly. Lord and Lady Foley have arrived at Worksop, Netts, from visiting the Duke and Duchess of Grafka, at Eustoo-hall, Norfolk. The Earl of St. Germane ban been entertaining a Mundy circle at Port Eliot, his lordship's seat io Cornwall. The Wks Cornwallis are expected to pats through town in a few days, on their way from Port Eliot to Kent. Sir Norton and Lady Knatellholl and Mina Ynatchbull hare arrived at ' , enemy's Hotel from Ash. bourse, Kest. The people of Londonderry have at length been gratified with a visit from the Chasms! fleet. The members of the corporatioe, with their ladies wed friends, paid a visit to the Admiral ea Monday. Aa address was presented, mad coniplimadery speeches were delivered on both sides. The Netrry Tekgraph say* that a public banquet is to be given to the Marquis of Downshire in Banbridge, seat week, "am se expreesioo of the high regard and esteem entertained for his lordship by all classes." The Te'eyr,pli continue —" Such a rhenium, in honour of a isoirlemau whose nomientatious course is traced in true bewevolawca and vendee patriotism, will afford unmixed patilleatitie to all who feel a pleasure in the strengthening of the bonds by which the several classes of society are netted. The benefits are reciprocally great and desirable. Those who offer, and they who experience, a cordial mani festatioo of affectionate good will, reap mutual advantage from the unity, mad harmony, and beredioence of such a friendly display." The Italian Opera neasion began in Dublin on Monday evening. when GingLai and Titians made their appearance in Truralorr. They received an entbusi• vatic reception. The Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz has arrived at Ostend, for sea-bialtiag. The Emperor of Austria, on the 15th, paid a visit to the Duchess at Parma, at the chateau of Prohedorf. M. Mocquard, the Emperor Napuleou's private secretary, is known to be the author of several suocnsful dramas which have been given to the Parisiso stage under the name of Victor Séjour. Of late his pen has been em. ployed on what may be termed subjects of the day. Thus he gave the stage not long since the Syria* Massacres, sod a few weeks ago a new drama, entitled 11 /erasion, was anoounced, and ibteurleil as • satire on the invasion panics which occur periodically in England. But it appears that the Emperor object. to its productioe. The Xrue et iga:efte des TAldfres says :—" The drama of L'ls. resin, which M. Victor &Soar prepared for the Porte BR Martin. has been definitely intenlicted. Three weeks back the commission of dramatic meson refused to grant an. thorintion for its performance ; on which M. Sejour went to Biarritz, where the Emperor and the Minister of State sow are, to solicit the withdrawal of the decisioo. But we learn that the authorisabou przyi,l fur could not be sc cordial, end that the iaterdiction proposed by the ctusors has been maintained." The antua.o races at Chantilly are to take place on Sumter next, '22nd. and Sumter, the 20th October, and those of Paris on the 29th September, sod the Cth and 13th October. LAU= INTIILIGENOL HUNGARY. The P tease of Vienna says :—" The electoral body of lkkca, iu Hungary, have risolved not to nomi nate any representative for the new Diet on the ground that the present member was elected for three years in virtue of the laws of 1848, and to declare as traitor to the country anyone who should take 'girt directly or indirectly in the Reich srath. On the 14th the national Hungarian theatre wam inaugurated at Buda. On the riming of the curtain the whole dramatic staff sang the :'Beast. The city of Raab has disregarded the in timati,m of tint government by which committees for the as4itative of the Honvede were prohi bited." ITALY. General Cialdioilws addressed a strongly worded letter to the Municipality of Naples, rebuking the members of the council for wasting time in useless debates, and neglecting the real work required of them. After stating the many wants of the city, particularly a system of cleaning the streets, the general says : "Though these things may appear novelties at Naples they have all beeu accomplished elsewhere ; we are not proceeding in the dark ; you Lave only to imitate examples that have been set you on every side. My character and the uniform I wear compel me to speak with the utmost frankness, and conse quently I must inform you that it is generally believed in the city that you have occupied several of your meetings by mere questions of words. It would be well if the situation of the couutry per mitted such an employment of time ; Italy would wear the aspect of a happy Arcadia. But, under present circumstances, discussions on language and grammar have little interest. It appears to me that there are graver questions to be considered. The treasure of the present crisis is time. The public fears that this treasure—its precious capital —is being uselessly lest." The Due de Gramont, before leaving Rome on the 11th, had au audience of the Pope. The city continues quiet. In consequence of orders from Turin, the outposts of the Piedmoutese army, on the frontier of the papal territory, have been with drawn to a greater distance from the boundary. ILLY ltlA. The nesse of Vienna states that the elections in Illyria have been favourable to the government in the towns. At Capo d'lstria the famous Dr. Madonizza has been beaten. The canon of Tavento, a man of moderate opinions, has been elected instead. In the uew Diet there will be 20 con servative to 10 opposition deputica. In the last Diet both parties were equal. (arum% MECUM.) AUSTRIA. VIENNA, Barr. 19. The Archduke Ferdinand Maximilian will be present at the coronation of the King of Prussia at Konigsberg. Au imperial patent convenes the new Istriau Diet fur the 25th September. Two Istrian depu ties of the Nessimo party have resigned their seats. CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, Harr. 19. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Pere, with the heavy portion of the Australian, Calcutta, and China mails., has arrived here. She brings 56 passengers 14,993/. iu specie, and 1,155 bales raw silk, value 100,0001. . _ On tho 11th instant sii . o exchanged colours with the steamer Hell*, on the 13th with the brig Dum fries, on the 14th with the barque Christopher Columbus, and on the Lith with the steamer Hope, all lintish vessels. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. pa= ova own PARIS, WZDKVIDAT EVICIIIKO. I do not believe that there is any positive con tirniation of the news from Berlin--assumed as true by most of the French journals—that the interview between the King of Prussia and Napoleon 111. will take place at Compibgne on Oct. 6. I think I may say that the matter is by no means settled, and that at all events the meeting will not take place to aeon. The cue has, however, been given to the official press to speak of the King's approaching visit as the great subject of the day, and it is given out that in the course of October he will not only go to Couiphigne,but make a public appearance in Paris, there to meet "several other sovereighs, not Germans," who are coming to France on the courteous invitation of the Emperor. Garibaldi, who is rather fond of writing public letters, should really take the earliest opportunity of letting his friends know the truth about the negotiations between him and the American govern ment. Notwithstanding the positive telegram of yesterday stating that the general had refused to leave Italy at the present moment for obvious patriotic reasons, Bullier's Correspondence of this evening circulates a statement that " the refusal is not definitive, and that Garibaldi has only made his acceptance dependent on conditions which must be referred to the cabinet of Washington for ap proval." The recent augmentation in the cadres of the navy is to be followed up by a general increase of the mesa allowance to officers. The Pays, in noticing this announcement in the Toulon jour na!s, admits the probably very justifiable fact in that coy way which the government journals affect whenever any news which might possibly challenge public criticism cornea out a little prematurely. " We do know, in point of fact," says the Pays, "that a project to the effect stated is now being prepared at the Ministry of Marine ; but there is no authority for saying that the decree will appear in the official journal very soon." The Chalon; Camp has been suddenly broken up sans tambour ni trcmtpettell-the usual farewell review was dispensed with. The reason for this haste is stated to be that with the autumnal change of weather the place bad become un healthy. M. Keller, the French deputy who became suddenly famous last session in consequence of the delivery of an ultrainontauint speech, which he learned by heart, is now at Rome, and has had the honour of a private interview with the Pope. M. Benedetti has arrived in Paris from Trou ville. It is said that be will not leave for Turin till the Ist October. The principal feature of the Bourse today was a ghat demand fur the Italian loan and other Italian securities, which have been lately neglected in this market. This movement is to be attributed not only to the recent indications of a better disposition of the French government towards the Italian cause, but to the specific clauses of the commer cial treaty now on the point of signature. The Rente rose 10c. both for cash and account, closing at 69fr. 15c. and 69fr. 25c. Mobilier rose lfr. 25c. Credit Fonder, on account of the expected exten sion of its operations in assisting agriculture, rune 20fr. In railways there was scarcely any change. GERMANY. Twenty thousand muskets sold by Prussia to the United States of America have been supplied from the depOt of Stettin, MA are now being rewovud to Hamburg for shipment. The meeting which was lately assembled at Stutt i gardt, under the title of the National Economical Congress, was composed of 1100 members belonging to all branches of commerce, their object being to discuss questions of a nature to promote the ma terial interests of the common country. Among other points mentioned in their programme are freedom of manufactures, suppression of the re moval duties on wines, brandy, and tobacco, in the states of the Zollverein, reduction of the railway tariffs, &c. The venerable King of Wurtemberg received, on the 10th, a deputation of the congress. Professor Raneburg, abbot of the Benedictine convent at Munich, a distinguished Oriental scholar, has been summoned to Rome to put in order the Syriac manuscripts in the Vatican. PRUSSIA. The Queators of the two Chambers of the Diet have received orders to proceed to Konigsberg for the Coronation fetes, but there will be nu meeting of the Chambers. The question oonwrning the new organization of the Landwebr is settled. Regiments are to be suppressed, and formed into battalions to be at tach.d to regiments of the line. In time of war the Landwehr battalions will be commanded by officers of the line. The Prussian government intends to offer pre miums for merchant ships fitted to carry guns. SPAIN. The Madrid Epoea, of the 13th, says that the ministers in council have resolved that the opening of the Cortes shall take place between the 20th and 90th of next month ; and the Corresposdancia declares that, if the Cortes offer any vexatious opposition to the cabinet, a dissolution will be pro ceeded to. A semi-official journal, the Currespondencia, de clares in the most positive terms that Spain will act on her own account against Mexico, and demand reparation of her long-standing g riev ances . A Spanish squadron is ou its way to Cubs, where several thousand troop* are ready to embark. This expedition has been long in preparation, and a steamer is about to start fur Cuba with the final instructions of the government. The Monde gives a lint of eighteen convents of Dominicans, Augustin", Servile', Minims, Cistercians, Minors, Conventuals, Barnabites, and Carmelites, which have been suppressed in the diocese of Perugia. The build ings are now used as schools, asylums, tribunals, printing dikes, barracks, Ac., and the Convent of St. Dounoique do Predri is handed over as the property of the commune of Perugia, and will be appropriated to the Academy of the Bean:-Arts. The Joiintal (114 linrre Pays:—" Several superior and subaltern officers belonging to the French army have lately had, and are still having, propositions made to them to take service in the Federal army of the United States of America. Some of them have had an offer of much as 6,000 fr. indemnity for the espouse of removal, and a pay of 20,000 fr. per annum guaranteed for several years. At first the French government appeared inclined not to refuse its consent, but on Saturday last, on a formal order from the Emperor, the Minister of War declared that he would not grant any authorisation." A letter from Copenhagen says :—" The corn harvest, which is alw.iys late M the north of Europe, may. be now considered as terminated. In general, the results exceed the expectations of the growers, and may be re garded as three of a good year. Denmark may, therefore, have a considerable quantity to export, particularly of bar ley and oats, which is abundantly cultivated, both on the mainland and in the Danish islands." It may be remembered that the Abbi Duilinger, in his lectures as professor of canon law at Frankfort, lately I made remarks which led to warm discussion in the Carman and foreign journals. Oa tho demand of the general assembly of the Catholic Society lately held, that ecclesiastic has made a complete retractation as far as regards the temporal power of the Pope. At the meeting of that body he made certain declarations, from which it results that the cause of the temporal power is • just and sacred use ; that it is that of the catholic monarchs, of public law and of peace in Europe ; that as the Pope cannot become the subject of any government, it is yeomanry that he should retain, without petition, the plenitude of his temporal sovereignty; and that it is • fundamental dogma for the whole catholic world, to op-operate in the re-establishment of the autho sity of the Holy Father iu his states." "We wish to call public attention (says the IYorhensehrift of Vienna) to the constant re currence of Mortars cases at the Lying-in Hospital in this capital. The children born in this hospital are maintained at the public expense for three months, provided the mothers are able to suckle them. But this privilege is limited to Roman catholics only ; for if a Jewess happens to be one of the inmates, the child is taken from her im mediately, and, after receiving baptism according to the rites of the Holy Church, is transported to the Foundling Hospital, and altogether withdrawn from the influence and care of the mother. The offspring is not allowed to be seen or visited by the latter, end, in fact, is treated in every respect as the castaway children left at the institution by parents who take the trouble to own them. The result in many cases is, that Jewish women will rather die in their miserable dwellings than subject themselves to the sender mercies of the church." The French Archaeological Commission, accotn , peeled by M. Amides Thierry, senator, went three day. ago to visit some excavations which have been made by a gentleman named Galaire, near the village of Port.sur. Same, department of the Haute•Ba6ne, on the site which historians are of opinion was formerly occupied by the Gallo-Konen town of Port (Ports& Abideinus). At only a few inches below the surface of the soil are the ruins of a vast Uallo-Roman habitation. Between the remains of the walla, which are now about 3ft. in height. are fragments of pavements in concrete, sumac, marble, and brick, all for the ground floor apartments. Fragments of potter/ and of earthenware, vases, tiles, bricks used for stoves, (moos& and household utensils, together with coins, articles of jewell e ry, &c., have been brought to light and carefully preserved. Other excavations, at a distance of between 200 and 300 yards, have led to ►he discovery of the ruins of other buildings. NATIONAL PROVIDENT INSTITUTION. Yesterday a meeting of the members of this institution, which was established in 1833 was held at the London Tavern, to elect a director, in the room of Mr. Shepherd, deceased. Five candidates went to the poll, viz., Mr. J. Freeman, connected with the Low Moor Iron works, of Cannon-street, City ; Mr. IL Gammen, of Hack ney ; Mr. J. K. Aston ; Mr. Morley, of Friday-street ; and Mr. Beresford, of Southwark. The office, it should be said, does not appear to be one of much pecuniary value, but the society has a capital, the accumulation of premiums, exceed ing two millions, with an annual income (deducting the last division of 50,0001. in 1857) of 220,0301. The amount paid for claims arising from deaths has been a million, and the number of policies in force is 16,438. At the does of the voting at 4 o'clock a crowded and excited meeting of the members was held in the large room of the tavern ; Mr. 8. H. Lucius, and the Hou. C. Lush. ingtou, the chairman and deputrohairmaii, presiding. The result of the poll was announced as follows :—Free man, 913 : Gammen, 713 ; Aston, 430 ; Morley, 357 ; Berta ford,l7o. This statement was received with a storm of groans and hissea, and cries of " We won't have lum,"" Bribery," "No payment of voters," "We want volunteer voters, and not paid men." A seen* of indescribable confusion fol lowed. lu the midst of the uproar, Mr. Freeman mounted the table to return thanks, but be wan assailed by a fusil lode of hisses and groans for full 20 minutes. He admitted that lie had induced some hundreds of the country mem bers to come up and vote for him and the good of the insti tution. (Croaus, sod cries of " Yes, at so much a head.") Mr. Garoniau also ascended the table in an excited state, and both gentlemen were for a considerable period gesticu lating violently but inaudibly to the meeting. The latter asserted that there was an end to freedom of election in the suciety's affairs. He had himself bad overtures of 50 votes at le. a-head. (Tremendous noise.) The chairman end directors strove, but fruithealy, to pacify the speakers and restore order ; and ultimately a protest against the whole proceedings having been handed in by acme of the members, the meeting terminated in confusion at half-past 5 o'clock. RI:PRESENTATION or PLYMOUTH.—The mayor of Liverpool positively refuses to stand as a candidate in the ocessorative interest. Pcyttorrru.—The liberal candidate for this borough, Mr. Walter Morriann,met the electors on Tuesday evening, iu the Kora Hotel Aesembly.room, for the pur pose of stating, at length, his political stotiments. In the course of his address he said be wan in favour of the extension of the franchise, though lie wadi not pledge himself to any particular bill ; he would relieve dissenters from church rates ; he was an advocate of the ballot, of the spread of education, and of some alteration in the mode of rating for the poor. He would abolish the game laws, and was an ardent admirer of Lord Paltnerston's foreign policy. He also avowed himself • convert to the permissive bill, a measure which, be said, commended itself to him as a wise development of the principle of self-goverument. At the close of the addresn a motion was proposed to the effect that Mr. Morrison was • fit and proper person to represent the borough in parliament, and it was carried almost uuani mously.— Western Counties Herald. A LOVER'S MisanvEnvuxn.—On Monday, at the Blackburn police-court, Richer] Wilkinson was brought before John Baynes and John Beaton. &qrs., on the grave charge of being upon the premises of Thomas Bickerstaff for au unlawful purpose. It seems that about midnight on Sunday night Mrs. Bickerstaft was alarmed by seeing the shadow of a man at ber bedroom window, and she aroused her husband, who immediately got up and ran to the window and opened it, and saw the defendant. He had climbed up on the roof of the kitchen, which is • low building, and thus got to the level of the bedroom window. He asked the defendant what he wanted there and the de fendant replied by scampering oft' as hard as be could ; but the complainant went after him in his shirt, and followed him to his own door, and getting no satisfaction from him, or those in the house where he lodged, gave him into custody. The complainant said that he bad since beard that the defendant was courting • young woman who lived next door but one t o him, and he bad oome to his house by mistake ; and h. , had no desire to press the charge against him. The defendant said it was so. " I had gone to see this young woman, and I had gotten on to the wrong place." Mr. Baynes said they would ac- cept his explanation, and diacbarged him on paying the ex penses of the witnesses. THE GREAT EASTERN. A passenger who returned to Liverpool yesterday gives the following account of the disaster On Thursday the " Great Ship" fell in with a severe gale of wind, the sea ruling very high. The ship was get ting on very well until her rudder broke, when she got into the most helpless condition, and was for several days rolling like an apple on the waters. Her bulwarks were quite down to the water on one side. The greatest damage was done in the cabin, and some cattle even got down there. Several of the chandeliers sal glasses were smashed. On Saturday uight we met with a brig called the Magnet, of Halifax. This vessel very nobly stood by us for 21 hours ; and though she W. 4 only 2110 tone Lanham, the fact of her being near us all night gave us some confidence. The gale moderated about Friday, but the sea rolled sumach as ever. The crew then rigged the steering guilr and got her round, awl she made the best way towards the Fastnet rock, which is off Cape Clear. On Tuesday morning, towards 0 o'clock, we came towards the Old Head of Kinsale and kept tiring signals of distress. At last a tug, called the Robert Bruce, of queens. town, came to our assistance, and at night the ship anchored off the light-boniest Cork. A considerable num ber of the passengers went to Cork, but several remained on board. Her paddles were washed away, and she worked only with the screw. Several of the passengers complained of the provision made for them on board, and held an in dignation meeting, returning thanks, however, to the captain, and particularly to the captain of the little brig, the Magnet, for their conduct during the disaster. The great ship is now awaiting in Cork harbour the orders of her directors, and it is 'apposed she will proceed to Milford Haven for repairs. Aey other vessel but the Great Eastern would have gone down under such circumstances, but the strength of her materials kept her together. She wasabout 2G feet deep in 6he water, bad she been 30 feet deep she would have rolled less. She was sailing broadside to the waves, and the rudder could not resist the tremendous force of the current. From other information received by the authorities, it appears that the vessel left Liverpool on the 10th instant, with 400 passengers and a large general cargo—a comple ment both of passengers and freight considerably larger, indeed, than she has been favoured with on any previous voyage, arising from the fact of the feelings of con ' fidence and security that had been established in the public mind by reason of her previous successful voyages, and more particularly her last from New York to Liverpool, when, it will be remembered, a testi. menial was presented by the whole of the passengers, numbering 212 in all, to the commander and officers, ex pressive of their appreciation and approval of the great vessel and her working, and recommending her on the ground of her ample accommodation, easy motion, absence of the possi bility of sea-sickness, and safety, as one of the best vessels in which the public could crass the Atlantic. Consequent upon this, and the impetus naturally given to the influx of passengers from this country, caused by the civil convul. akin* in America, every berth was taken, there being 400 passengers, including several families, on beard, and every freight berth filled. Between 100 and 200 passengers occupied the berths in the principal cabin, saloons, sod state-rooms, at passage rates of from 201. to 2111. , and the remainder of the passengers occupied the intermediate and steerage cabins, at from 71. to 10/. respectively. All went well until, on Thursday last, as she wan in full steam and sail, she encountered a terrific gale about 280 miles to the west of Cape Clear, and is spite of the best seamanship that could be brought to bear on her in the emergency by the commander, officers, aid crew, she failed to ride out the storm, which with tre mcodous fury swept away both her paddles. Nor was this the only disabling iLunage, Um simultaneously the top of the rudder post, a bar of iron of immense magnitude, being ten inches in diameter, was suddenly wrenched away, so that the vessel was no longer able to answer her helm. Her steering gear was also shattered and gone, so that she was unable to move either fore or aft, so that she lay in nautical phrase like a huge "log" in the trough of the sea, from Thursday evening until two o'clock on Sunday, her bulwarks almost touching the sea furrows, and rolling and pitching about like a storm-tooled and disabled derelict, the passengers and crew expecting iu silence and breath lessness bordering on despair that she would every moment go down, and offering up prayers for their deliverance. Fears were at first entertained that the vessel had struck upon seine hiddeu rock, but this the passengers were assured by the officers was not the case, so far out as they were at sea. The rolling of the vessel displaced and destroyed all the fur niture of thecabiu and saloons, and broke it to pieces, throw. ing the passengers pell-mell about the cabin. Everything that occupied the upper deck was washed away, and a large part of the passengers' luggage was destroyed. And not only so, but between twenty and thirty of those who wore on bawd, including several ladies, had, it is alleged, limbs, Sic., fractured, with numerous cuts and bruises. They were, however, promptly attended to by an experienced surgeon, who went out with the vessel, and some medical gentlemen on board. No particular of their names, or of the precise injuries they have received, have as yet come to hand, nor does it yet appear that any of the officers or crew were lost. The pasecogers are all safe. One of the cow-sheds, with two cows iu it, was washed into the ladies' cabin, together with other things on board, and reused indescribable consternation and confusion. On Sunday evening, after two days of terrible Ewen's, • temporary steering gear was fitted up, and tho disabled veinal, with her distressed crew, made for Cork harbour, sailing with her screw at nine knots an hour. Her flag of distress was sighted at about three o'clock in the afternoon of Tuesday, off the Old Head of Kinsale, and her Majesty's ship Advice at ouoe steamed out to her assistance, and towed her to within one mile of the light-house off Cork harbour by about nine o'clock, where she remains moored. Her passcogere disembarked at that port. She will, on clearing out, be towed forthwith to Liverpool, where she will be laid upon the gridiron and repaired. The Great Eastern is not insured ►t Lloyd's, but is insured by the Great Ship Company itselfAhrough the instrumentality of its shareholders, at a very large figure. Yesterday, Mlls quent on the catastrophe, the shares on the Stock Sscbange declined from 4s. 6d. to 3s. 6d. The principal directors and officers of the company yesterday started for Cork and Liverpool, with a view of instituting a rigid inquiry into the causes of the catastrophe, and telegraphed special in structions Co their agents at the respective porta. EXPORT OF SPECIE, THE MAILS, &c.—Yesterday (Wednesday) the Liverpool, New York, and Philadelphia Company's steamer Edinburgh was despatched from Liver. pool for New York, with mails for the United States, twenty-five cabin passenger", and 1,000/. in specie. The Quebec and Montreal Royal Mail steamer Bohemian will leave the Mersey to-day fur Quebec with the Canadian and United States Mails. The box at the Liverpool poet-ethos will be open for the receipt of letters, &c., until 9.30 a.m. By the payment of late fees of 14. despatches may be for warded vie, Londonderry until 9.30 p.m., and without late fees up to 8.30 p.m. NEWQUAY ' CORNWALL, SEPT. 17.—1 t blew here on Saturday last a strong gale from the northeast, which caused the sea to run very high. It wax accordingly thought a desirable opportunity by the hue. secretory of the New quay branch of the National Lifeboat Institution to test thoroughly the beautiful lifeboat which that society sent here *Me time ago. The boat was accordingly brought out mounted on her transporting carriage, and having been fully manned, was, with much promptitude, launched from the carria.c. Her crew, with the oars in their baud', soon obtained ITeadway before the advancing breakers had time to beat the boat broadside on the beach. The waves, indeed, did run very high, and broke with much violence, but the boat nobly breasted them anal fully confirmed the impression of her crew, that their lifeboat was capable of rescuing a shipwrecked crew in the most furious gale. DISCOVERY OF A STALACTITE CAVERN.--0 11 Mon day a man, whilst engaged in blasting a rock by the side of the road leading from Well* to Milton Lodge, suddenly mime ou a hole, and on looking into it a place having the appearance of a cave was discovered. A descent was made, when a carom of about thirty or forty feet iu attainder once was foiled, which montane' some beautiful stalactites, one of which has already received the cognomen of Ohm tontniry Tor. the mound of which it resembles, though the " tor "is wanting. Another stalactite, of about ten inches in circumference, extends from the roof to the bottom of the rave. Further explorations are to be made, as there are indications which lead to the belief that at will turn out to be a very large chamber.— Wohrn Coroner Herald. LARGE ROBBERY OF WATCHER IN LI VERPOOL At the Liverpool polioe-court yestenlay four men, named John Fuger, Patrick Murphy, Thomas Mason, and Thomas Williams, were brought beferethe magistrates, charged with asternptiog to stealahout 15W. worth of property oeusistingof watches, kn., from the shop of Mr. Bytoni, pawnbroker, of lade-street. During the previous night Mr. Jarrett, the resident assistant at Mr. Byford's shop, was aroused by • noise, and he went at once and communicated with the police, who apprehended two of the men upon the premises, and found that they had about 11501. worth of watches and other !imperil, in their pos session. The other two men were apprehended in the central fire-station-yard, whither they had proceeded along the roofs of the house.. The prisoners, who are Manchester thieves, and two of whom have been transported, were com mitted fur trial.