The Express. — London, England, 1860-03-03 00:00:00

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Moo IL Ursa, nanny. Mir Awbto. W I..AOIC TOT/. alto Lido Thompos. Mos elm Onoo. SaTTANDIII Tan Nyman, IIIDAll a : o rr le as Vm& lOsse Jam*. —ALADDIN , /le tanit. seam Ledo lod Invat. =Mit D 141,11. 111 . Nei at. Lout.—lted TISK WORT UP £ LIAM limn sad Ourkell ; Aft / TassokL RIO 1 mina AT LONDON SAIDOI, for fro. Temiase—Mmilei. Hai lin Ili. Ms. LONDON, sArozzur, MARCH L Tie frequent interrogations addressed in Paella west to MO 81CIZ7AIT Of STITi toff FURSION AFTAIZO respecting the probabilities of an annexe thew of Savoy to Frans, most spring from the desire to serenade precisely what have been the language sad conduct of oar Government in a matter respecting which it meld not remain silent or indifferent. The mu ta t ceeempondeece of the Government with the diplornaue servants of the Crown abroad no this ebb jive was laid before both Mimes of Parliament last night. and the country will now be able to decide for itself whether its character has not been worthily =mutat nod. A single glance at the despatches shows that they could not have been produced before. The communications for which public intelligence will inquire tirst are those which convey the wishes, the: intentions, the promises of the French Government. Now the latest in date of these is of the 18th of February ; it was addressed by Lord COMA! to Lord JOHN RCSSELL, and reports a conversation with M. TeocessEL on the moronic' of the Eng bah FOILLIGN SLCILITART against the projects avowed by France. "M. Tnouranat.," reports Lord Cowter, "said that your lordship's reasoning, though powerfal, could ►e answered ; but I cannot •• say whether it is his Excellency's intention to e. reply to the despatc.hes or not." The delay of ten days, to give the French Government an °prints nity of reply, satisfies the requirements of ordinary courtesy, and no more, and at the end of the term the despatches are published. The design of annexing Baroy to Fraoc•, freely imputed before the conclusion of the war, was O n ce more in men . . menthe after the signature of the pre hanowin o f valance& ; and early in July Lord Cowtar, informed by Captain /LUMP, ear Minister at Berne, of the apprehensions prevailing in that r *Pantry, gave the Goveeninent of .flarOiJnow 111. an opportunity of stating its intention*. Count WaLfweil then gave our Ambassador the positive assurance that " there exists no understanding what " ever between France and Sardinia on the subject; but he did not deny that it had been discussed mare than once, and that the EMPEROE had entertained the idea that if Sardinia was to become a large Italian kingdom, it was net unreasonable to expect that she should make territorial conomaions else where. Lied Coy/UT said he trusted that the EMPEROII4 for his own sake, and for the sake of his reputation with Europe, would abandon any such idea of territorial aggrandisement, if be still harboured it ; and he reported the esevereation to the Foreign-offioe. On the very day of receiving this information Lord Joan Eutexu. sent to Paris a despatch remonstrating in the most frank and solemn although in the most friendly manner with the French Government. He de clared that her MAJESTY'S Government had learned with extreme concern that the question of annexing Savoy to Franco had been in agitation. He said that the Enreacia's declaration at Milan, that only the enemies of Frame imputed to him the desire to aggrandise the territory of the empire by war, had given great satisfaction here, although in Germany M was confidently said that the declaration would Bet be maintained. " But," wrote Lord lonx Roo- SELL, "if Savoy should be annexed to Franos, it will generally be supposed that the left bank of el the Rhine, and the ' natural limits,' will be the mixt object ; and thus the EILPEROR will become an object of suspicion to Europe, and kindle the hos " ditty of which his uncle was the victim." To Octant PERSIONT, in London, our Government held the same faithful language. The rank was that on the 9th of lily Lord COWLEY wrote to the Foreign-of os:— " Io the course of the interview which I had with " Count Watewsxt this afternoon, his Excellency "said that I might give your lordship the assurance " that the Emperor had abandoned all idea of annex " ing Savoy to Erases." In acknowledging this despatch Lord Joan Bctsr.rt instructed our Mi nister at Paris to state to Count WALEWSEI that " her MAJEITY'S Government highly appreciate the " spirit which has prompted his Isier..aut MAJESTY " thus distinctly to disclaim a project which, while "it would have contributed no real benefit to " France, would have very materially affected the " EMPEROR'S reputation in Europe; for the Powers " of Europe not only attach considerable importance to the maintenance of Savoy in its present tele " Lion towards Sardinia, but they would also have " looked upon any attempt to sever that connexion for the augmentation of the French territory as a manifest contradiction of the disinterested policy " which the DEPEILOI has declared induced him to " engage in the present war." No Government could have acted with more decision and promptitude, or expressed its opinion with more emphasis and clearness, than did that of England, as soon as it had available knowledge of this ill-omened French project, and it will be observed that the of the French Minister were equally A RT-UNION 11WIL st GLASGOW We VO ei W et lbe e rettl.l= Olespe. ellb Ow Wee et ed. . yes eselbei ft Ow sabodbers for Ws sat= • strtiv NI d On 9%11MA 11111 Wielded es ese Awes tat a prOL wil es lweledee et We OW ewereefte et "Nadi :' et le bee et Ow eesiswber be was Woes ...d.r.grarevr. %WS a" Ika Val be =Med le tee Wises be spelwe=e k t dew Mews ; of le bee at the met be wet m s elleh erase the ma y, weed ISW. I SUOIIOIIIIII MRS SOM bein b...005 0 0l • odosoOMOlNlfiN d ••••••••••SfII•Of AS YNOMO. 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IlleArsA.4 caw W. lOWA by pea fat we . W. AWLS. Wm J. W. aid a 7. B llm. lhalkower et Odom Dania Pandion sod WW/ Chilma Fee moms soleinsw. 1/1 mod IL Sinorl. lawhea. C OLOURED FLANNEL SHIRTS. Mid ty TIMILMIIII sa4 OULU NT. IX U. THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, MARCH 3, 'IWO. explicit. On the signature of the Treaty of Zurich the sus picions of the Swiss Government were again excited, but no overt act tending to annexation could be pointed out. Bat in January the activity of a knot of persons in Savoy who were endeavouring to provoke a movement in favour of annexation began to excite notice, and before the month was out the Paris Petr i e published a remarkable article, audaciously declaring that the Savoyards as a people had declared in favour of annexation; that their country, always French, was about to return to France; that history, politics, language, customs would get their dee; and ending with the prediction or promise, " We " shall have our natural frontier the Alpe, which " are a decree of GOD." Lord COWLaT reported to Leaden that the annexation was again occupying the public mind very seriously,andthat he could notdoubt that it was more or less in the intention of the French Government. Now, then, was the time for England to exercise her influence for the peace of Europe. On the 28th of January, therefore, Lord lowx RUSSELL informed Lord Cowurr that be had laid his despatch respecting Savoy before the Queer(' and that he had no difficulty in giving him instruc dolmas to the language be was to hold. He recalled to memory the serious assurances which had been given by the French Government in July, and the satisfaction with which he had communicated them to the House of Commons. He declined to treat the ques tion argumentatively, since if ever entertained it must be considered by all the great Powers of Europe, and its grounds be examined critically. "But," he wrote, " 1 wish you to state to M. Titouvien at once the " view which we take of this question in connexion " with the general interests of Europe, and the posi " Lion of the Emperor of the Fames. The EMPEROR " cannot fell to have present to his mind the alarm " and anxiety which prevailed in Europe during the "put summer; the arming of Prussia and the " German Powers ; the hopes of revolution excited, " the rumours of alliance', offensive and defensive, " which agitated the public mind. The EMPEROR " can well recall that period ; for he stated how " mach of glory he was content to forego, bow " much of noble aspirations to disappoint, in " order to give satisfaction and peace to Europe. " It is to be hoped and desired that the present tee " diary should be to soothe the troubled waves and " motors calm to the agitated atmosphere. But the " question of the annexation of Savoy would be re " girded not so much se composing past troubles as " raising the elements for new storms. Natural " frontiers—the Alps and the Rhine—the repetition ▪ of the history of long and bloody wars—the coin " menoement of a new struggle between Frame and " Europe: such are the ideas which would pass " through men's minds ►t the announcement of such "as acquisition. Let the EMPEROR recall the noble " words in which he gave forth at Milan a sentiment " net less just than becoming the Sovereign of so " swat se Empire." And after quoting from the Milan proclamation the peerage in which the EMPEROR invoked the eeeldemeoe of Europe, and declared that the reward he sought was the moral influence to be gained by freeing one of the fairest portions of Europe, Lord JOHN licsst. 1. adds, "I choose rather to suppose " that the Emetic:la will adhere consistently to this " declaration than that he will run the risk of "arousing jealousies and fears in Europe which he " would hod it difficult thereafter to appease." This is not the ordinary language of diplomacy. There is no periphrasis, no mystery or affectation here, but all is earnest, straightforward, and sincere. Early in February, shortly after receiving the despatch just dwelled,* Lord CowLEY sought an interview with M. THOVVENZL, bet before doing so he saw Conot WALEWSICI, and ascertained from that minister that he recognised the accuracy of the report of that diplomatic sonversation in July, in which the project of annexation was so solemnly disavowed by France. Bat Ceunt Wet.aw•set added that that declaration was made in view of the strict accom plishment of the Treaty of Zurich, and he reminded Lord COWLEY that ►e had afterwards maintained that " if Sardinia was to be aggrandised by the annexation of the Hackies, it must be at the cost, " of Savoy and *County which least pass " b France." lierd Com= says that this is true. and that he alluded to it in private correspon dence with Lord Join( Russ= ; but he had not noticed it officially, because it was understood that all questions arising out of the state of Italy were to be referred to a Congress, and he considered it unadvisable, in the face of the previous declarations made to him, to engage her MAJESTY'S Government in a diplomatic COT respondence upon a hypothetical question, which if it ever assumed a tangible form must necessarily be discussed in the presence of all the Powers. Bat he observes that he Dever allowed Count WALEWSXI to suppose that the realisation of that scheme would be seen with indifference by the Quazn's Govern ment. In his interview with K. Tamrelate', on the 4th of February, Lord Conniff readved the official answer of the French Government to the representa tions of England. It wee read from a written paper, and its substance was thus reported to his Govern- ' 1 leant by Lord COWLIT: " It was true that among the possible arrange " meets discussed between the French and Sardinian " Governments, when they found themselves likely " to be engaged side by side in war with Austria, " was the cession to Francs, under certain coutin -1" pules, of Savoy and the County of Nice. These " contingencies, however, did not occur when peace " was made. The ExPEROR had thought that if the chances of war had given such a large met " sion of territory to Sardinia as would have altered " the relative proportions of the military strength of " the two countries, he might with justice have de " mended such territorial concessions of Sardinia as " would have preserved those relative proportions. " But so long u the sole addition made to Sardinia " was the province of Lombardy, there was no " sufficient reason, in the EMPIRDa's opinion, for "asking of Sardinia the sacrifice of any part of her " ancient territory, and therefore Count WALEWent " had made the declaration referred to by me. " The Preliminaries of Villafranca, and subs.- " quently the Treaty of Zurich, left the territorial " distribution of Italy, with the exception of Lom bardy, es it had been before the war. The dif " resent States were to form a Confederation of a " purely defensive character. The French Govern " meat desires no better than that this plan should " be realised, and there will be no motive for raising " the question of any territorial concessions in regard " to France. " Bat the aspect of the whole matter has cam ,' pletely changed, and her MAJESTY'S Government " have themselves made proposals which must lead "to one of two results Either the people of the " States of Central Italy will pronounce themselves " in favour of a Central'Kingdom, or they will per " aist in asking to be annexed to Sardinia. In the "former case the French Government, considering that the solution would partake of the nature of " the arrangements made at Zurich, will not think " it necessary to look to the more immediate safety "of the French frontier. But the French Govern " ment could not consent to the formation of • " kingdom of above tea millions of souls in the " 4 South of Europe without taking precautions for " the future security of France. This would be done not in a spirit of conquest or aggrandisement, but " simply as a measure of necessary precaution. " Bat while the French Government ask for pia " ranteea for the safety of France, they have no in " tention of violating or infringing upon those which " Europe has thought necessary to take for her own " safety. The annexation, therefore, of Savoy to "France would not break the engagement entered " into for the neutrality of the districts of Ghablais "and Faucigny ; indeed, in the opinion of the " French Government, it would be well that those " districts should be united permanently to Switzer " land." In the conversation that followed the reading of this statement, and in which Lord COWLEY expressed the regret with which he had listened to it, adding that he feared it was not calculated to calm the ap prehensions of gurope, the English diplomatist ob served that, in the opinion of her Marlin's Govern ment, the annexation of Savoy was a question which, if ever entertained, must be considered by all the Great Powers of Europe. M. THOUVENEL said that he could not speak definitely on a question of this importance without taking the EMPEROR'S orders, but that he should advise his MAJESTY that " if the QUERN'S Government were ready to admit that the annexation of the States of Central Italy to Sardinia could not be effected without the consent of all the Great Powers of Europe, the Ex- PEROR should subscribe to the urns rile when applied to Savoy." The principle was the same in both cases, and eould not be applied to the one and not to the other. Lord Cow- LET replied that to make the cases parallel Sardinia must be a State as rich sod powerful es France ; that the annexation of fresh territory to France might alter the balance of power in Earope, which could hardly be said of Sardinia, were that kingdom to be increased to a State of 10,000,000 or 12,000,000 noels. Iced COWLEY further asked if it was in ' tended, in certain eventualities, to annex Savoy to France by force, and without any reference either to the Bing of SARDINIA or to the people of Savoy. M. Timm/van disclaimed promptly, and without hesitation, any intention of the kind, and he added • memorandum to the paper which he had been reading to our Minister to the effect that it was well understood that it had entered the Excision's thoughts to constrain either the will of the Xing of SARDINIA or that of the populations. To Lard Cows.sr, on the 10th of February, the Ment ion personally repeated the same &Bureaus. lie did not deny that, under certain eventualities, and on the grounds already stated, he might think it right to claim a proper frontier for France ; he be lieved that the wish of the Savoyard* was to be I united to France; and he could not understand why, in the case of the Duchies, the wishes of the popu lations were to be attended to, and that the same principle should not prevail with respect to Savoy. Bat he disclaimed all intention of annexing Savoy against the will of the Savoyard& themselves, and without having consulted the Great Powers, and he authorised Lord COWLEY to transmit this statement to his Government. This is the last of the declsrations made on the part of the French Government on this subject. The despatch of Lord Jong AussELL, which we give in another column, and in which the objections to the annexation of Savoy are recapitulated, has remained without reply. We are sorry for this, for every Englishman would like to learn the reasons which would make the existence of a State of 11,000.000 so dangerous to a nation of 36,000,000 as it in said the existence of the new kingdom of Upper Italy will be to France. We need not howevercomplain. The despatches already published in this correspondence supply abundant food for thought, and we can only hops that, reflect ing on the impression they cannot fail to make in Europe, the Estrzios will give one more proof of his sagacity, and renounces project which, whatever its immediate result, must exercise a prejudicial influence over the remainder of his reign. Tax despatches we publish to-day from our Corse spoodents in Italy shrew that the governments of the free states of the Peninsula are meeting their diffi culties with spirit and patriotism. CLIMB., RIMINI, Ricasott, mhos to permit the most sacred interests of their country to be the plaything of emu% and throw themselves resolutely on the people. Italy cannot live suspended between life and death, nor can Europe endure to have questions of the first magnitude kept open for the convenience of specula tive potentates. trot Court. The Queen held a Chapter of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle yesterday afternoon at Buokingisen Palace. The Queen and Prince Consort were conducted by the great officers of state to the Throne or Chapter-room, her Majority and the Prince Consort both wearing the green velvet mantle with the collar of the (haw. The Queen waa conducted to a chair of state. The knights brethren were celled over by the secretary in the Green Drawtsg•room, when the following answered:—The Duke of Bo:burghs, Earl of lllseudield, Earl of Elgin, Lord Panmure, Marquis of Adm. The often of the Order prevent were the Secretary, Sir John Stewart Richardson, But, and the Gentlemen Daher of the Order, F. Peel Bound, Beg. Albert W. Woods, Req., Deputy Secretary of the Order, waa present. The knights and oaken of the Thistle entered the Chapter-room, and by command of her Majesty the former took their meats. The Sovereign signified her royal pleasure touching the election of a knight Into the order. The knights brethren proceeded to the election, and the suffrages were collected by the Secretary (ending with the senior knight) and presented to the Queen, who was planned to declare the Right Ron. James Rai of Fife bad been duly elected a Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle. By command of the Sovereign the Berl of Fife was re ceived at the door of the Chapter-room by Lord Panmure and the Marquis of Atlas, the two junior knights brethren pre nut, and was conducted between them to her Majesty, pre- ceded by the Secretary (aarrying the assigns ow a cushion) and the Gentleman Usher of the Gress Rod. The sword of state wu delivered to the Sovereign by the Prince Consort, the senior knight, and the Earl of Fife kneeling the Queen knighted his lordship therewith, and, the noble earl having kissed her Msjeaty's band, the oath was administered to him by the secretary. The Earl of Fife again knelt neer the Sovereign, the secretary presented to her Majesty the ribbon with the jewel of the order, and the Queen placed the same over the noble earl's left shoulder. Hie lordship again bad the !moue of kissing her Msjeety's hand, received the ocagratulations of the Prince Consort and the knights brethren, and then retired from the Throne-room. The chapter being ended, the Secretary, by command of the Queen, mein called over the knights, who , with the officers of the Order, withdrew from the royal presence. The Prince Conc oct rode on horseback with Prince Alfred yesterday morning. The Queen and Prince Consort, accompanied by Prince Alfred end Princess Alice, and attended by the Hun. Caroline Cavendish, Hoe. Hamlin Broplorel, Lord Alfred Paget, and Colonel the Han. A. Harding% went yesterday afternoon to the Dorsi Hell, Coyest-garden. The Queen's dinner party in the evening included the Duchess of Yent, the Prince of Orange, the Princess Alice, nod Prima Alfred, Prince Victor of Hoheniolte, the Duke end Duchess of Wellihgtoe, the Netherlands Minitter (Heron Bentinek), the Russian Minister and Barons* Brun now, the Earl of St. Germans, Fanny Howard, the Bari end Countess of Clarmdon, land Lady John Rus sell, Viacount Bury, Lord Waterpark, le Comte de Bylandt, le Comte de Reebteren de Rounds, Lieut-Colonel Van den Bosch, Colonel F. H. Seymour, and Idej.ir Cowell. The bard of the Coldstream Guards played during dinner. Her Majesty's private band performed in the Drawing room after dinner. A deputation from the Commissioners of Sewers of the City of London, consisting of Aldermen Sir J. Duke, Mr. Deputy Christie (chairmen), Dr. Abraham, Deputy Poorer, Mr. H. De Jersey, Mr. Dew (clerk), end Mr. Hay wood (eng ine er), had as interview with Sir G. C. Lewis yer teed/ / at the Homo-officio. A de”bidon of paper-banging manufacturers, consisting of Messrs. Heywood, Thus. Cooper, H. CI. Ashton, It. \Viten:sr, Ridirg :4 Virtley, D. Graham, W. Haselden, W. Woollen's, W. , Joseph Albright, William Boone, Imes Soloman, tatty Liehbourn, John Lindsay. end S. H. Hubert, scoompanied by By James Duke, had an in terview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday. Despalobes were sent yesterday from the Colonial-office to the Oumors of Canada and Newfoundland. His Grace the Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire has (by commission dated the 2nd March. 11360) appointed hie Royal Highness Albert Edward Prince of Wales, H. 0., to be the Honorary Colonel of the Oxford University Rifle Volunteer Corp. His Exoellency the Ambassador of France arrived at Albert-gats Bowe yesterday afternoon from visiting Baron sad %roam Meyer de Rothschild at Mammon. His Excellency the Netherlands Minister hu re turned to tows, with his Royal Higher« the Prince of Orange, from a War through England and Wales. The Doke of Montrose, who has been suffering from a same attack of plowboy, le, we are glad to learn, now coavalowast. The Marquis and Marchioness of Normenby have left the Bt. George's Head tar a few days for Brighton. The Karl and Countess of Clarendon and the Ladies VlMors leave town to-day for the Grove, war Wat ford. The Earl of Scarborough has left the St. George'e Soul. Lady Margaret Beaumont hu issued cards for an assembly oalnsets', the 21st Inst. We regret to hear that Sir W. G. Hayter has been prevented from attending in hie place in parliament for time tut ten days by a same attack of bronchitis. Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Morris, C. 8., hu been Wend by hie Royal Highness the Doke of Cambridge to the post of Assietent-laspector of Volunteer Artillery. It is understood that Mr. Wilson will forthwith Introduce his manure for the Indian note circulation into the , Legislative Council at Calcutta, three months after which It will bewail, law, if la the meantime the unction of the ►ome authorities is received. In consequence of the enormous demand for washers, Kr. Oye has resolved to add the Royal Italian Owe-house to the Floral Hall on the occasion of the volun teer ball on Wednesday, end the management of the English Opera company having obllgiogiy consented to forego the night's performsnoe, the interior of that magnificent build ing will be placed at the disposal of Mr. Gyo, who has sired, directed that a flooring shall be thrown over the pit, so sa to form, with the stage, a second saloon of vast dimensions. The Lord Provost of Glasgow, at a meeting of the Town Council of that city, on Friday, intimated that Sir Joins Lawrence, on whom is to be oonferred the honour of the freedom of the city, will be in Glasgow for that purpose oat the 3rd of April. It was remitted to the magistrates to arrange to give air John a suitable reception. On Friday the Earl of Airlie was unanimously re-geoted Lord Rector cf Martecbal College, Aberdeen. A meeting of a few friends and admirers of the labs Mr. Hell= was held ow Monday last, at Mr. Murrey'a, Albemarle-West, the Marquis of Lansdowne in the chair, whoa it was rewired, in consideration of Mr. Hallam's oedema services to the historical literature of Hoglund, to rase a memorial to him. The names of tits committee ap pointed to eszry this work into teed, and a list of the sub scribers, will be announced shortly. To the annonnoensents already made aa to the progress of the works in the new garden of the Horticultural Society at Kensington-gore, we (Gardeners Chronicle) can now add that • general &sign by Mr. Nesileld has been sconeed, and only remains to have the details filled in. Pleas of • mato entrance on the south-east, and offices for the transaction of burdens have been approved of, and the work will be contracted for in a few days. The arrangements of the groat conservatory are under consideration ' its oat ft Is hoped not exceeding 15,0001. Mr. Ryles has been ex amining some floe young lime trees in the west of England with • view to then removal to Henslagton. The Royal Academicians are called together on Tuesday evening next, to noise a gentleman from the body of Annoinies to the full dignity of Academician. MONTS. Sydney Cooper, Anguatus Egg, William Bozall, P. F. Poole, sad George Richmond ars spoken of ma WWI to be tt stretched for." 14T83T INTELLIGENCE. FRANCE. THE FRENCH ULTIMATUM TO SARDINIA. The Moisiteur of to-day eontains a message from M. Tho 1, dated February 24, addressed to Baron Talleyrand, the French ambassador at Turin. The minister states the grave situation which has been created by the late events, and explains the dangers which would be incurred by Piedmont in over-extending her territory. M. Thouvenel says :—The idea of annexation to Piedmont is rather a protest against another great power than a deliberate attraction towards Sardinia. If this feeling did not appear from the beginning, it weed not delay to show itself in the emergen cies which wisdom counsels Sardinia to contest. People would not delay to reproach her passion ately for betraying the cause for which she had been aggrandised and armed, and she would be exposed to two emergencies both equally disastrous —war and revolution. M. Thouvenel propane a solution having some chances of being accepted by Europe, and preserving to Sardinia the full exercise of the influence which she has a right to enjoy in the Peninsula. That combination would be—complete annexation of Parma and Modena to Sardinia, vicarial government of the Romagna by Sardinia in the name of the Holy See, and re-establishment of Tuscany in her poli- tical and territorial autonomy. M. Thouve nel maintains that the project of the annexation of Tuscany reveals a hidden thought of war against Austria for the conquest of Venetia, and an inward ides, if not of revolution, at least of menacing the tranquillity of the Pope and the King of Naples. If the cabinet of Turin would adhere to the solution proposed, France would not only support this com bination in a conference or congress, but she would also proclaim that no foreign intervention shall be allowed to attack it. The cabinatof Turin is at liberty to follow another policy, bat France would at no price consent to assume the responsibility of such a state of things. M. Thoavenel than treats the question of annexation of Savoy and Nice, which, in presence of the aggrandisement of Sardinia, presents itself es a geographical necessity for the safety of our frontiers. M. Thouvenel points out th►t this would also protect the interests of Switzerland, which Franca desires to take into consideration. He requests Baron de Talleyrand to draw the attention of Count Cavour to this point in declaring to him at the same time that France does not wish to force the will of the inhabitants, and that, besides, the govern ment of the Emperor would not fail, when the moment should appear to him to have arrived, to consult previously the great powers of Europe in order to prevent false interpreta tion of the reasons which direct his conduct. M. Tb 1 states that in a message of the same date to M. Penigny, French Ambassador at London, he explains the motives of the last proposal made by France to Sardinia. Austria having refused the proposal of England, the government of the Em peror of the French was convinced that he could not succeed in relieving himself of his moral responsi bility unites the principle of universal suffrage, which constitutes his own legitimacy, becomes also the foun dation of the new order of things in Italy. But this England abstains from advising, and the existing go vernments of Central Italy think it useless to appeal again to the vote of the inhabitants. M. Thouvenel concludes that he thinks it necessary to make the above-mentioned proposal to Sardinia, and has authorised M. de Pereigny to read to Lord John Russell a copy of the despatch which has been for warded to Turin. TURIN, FarDAy. The Opinione asserts that Count Cavour has given his reply on the subject of Central Italy, in bring ing forward the motives which prevent the Sardinian government accepting the counsels given and re- questing France to agree to the annexation should the inhabitants confirm it by their wishes. VENICE. A circular of Count Cavour to the diplomatic agents of Sardinia abroad, dated the 20th of February, calls their attention to the circular of M. de Bissingen, which orders a forced enlistment into companies of peni tentiary discipline of all Venetians whose ante cedents should appear hostile to Austria. Count Cavonr points out that the elasticity of this expression allows the whole male po pulation to be classed in this category. He thinks proper to draw the attention of the Austrian Minister for Foreign Affairs to the possible con sequences of such a state of things in Venetia. NEW APPEAL TO ITALY. (T7lOll 001 SPECIAL COIII.IIIIPONDANSA (DT lIIIIDNANIND AND BRITIAN TIL101.4111.) BOLOGNA, MAR= 2. Farini has issued a proclamation and a diem, enacting that a pkbiscitum shall take place on the question, " Annexation to Sardinia, or a Separate Kingdom." The toting is to take place on the 11th and 12th of March. In his manifesto Faith says: a We owe great gratitude to the Emperor of the French for having espoused the cause of Italy in the war of independence, and for having seta. bushed the principle of non-intervention. Yon have already, and in time of danger, declared that you would resist the restoration of your former rulers. Yon have proclaimed Victor Emmanuel your King. Whereas disorders, crimes, and emigration prevailed under your former government, yen have since by your conduct proved yourselves worthy of being a tree people, and you have organised a strong army. Europe is convinced that the fallen governments could only be kept up by the aid of foreign troops; but it has been thought that the formation of a separate kingdom would be for your advantage. We have accepted the advice given us to consult afresh the national will. Your vote will be respected. I submit to direct and secret universal suffrage the following alternative—An nexation to the constitutional monarchy of King Victor Emmanuel, or a Separate Kingdom. When your votes have been given my teak will be accom plished. "FABINI." BOLOGNA, MAICR 2. A decree of the government calls together the inhabitants of the dEmilian Provinces for the 11th and 12th March, to vote by ballot and universal suffrage on the two proposals, " Annexation to Sar dinia, or separate kingdom." In his proclamation convoking the parliament the governor taken the opportunity to remind the people of what they owe to the Emperor, not only for aid ing them during the war, bat also for securing the provinces from foreign intervention, and says: " Europe is convinced of the impossibility of the re establishment of the former dynasties. That which pre-occupied the minds of the electors during the last election of the National Assembly has disap peared. lie is now going to solemnly consult again the national will, and he wishes the votes to be given with freedom and sincerity." THE NEW VOTING IN TUSCANY. FLORENCE, ILaux I. _ _ A decree has been published convoking the Tsuican people for the 11th and 12th March, in order to vote by universal suffrage and ballot on the two following proposals: Annexation to Sardinia, or separate kingdom. All Tuscans being 21 years of age, and enjoying political rights, are entitled to vote. ROME. ILARBEILLEI, MARCH 2. Letters reoeived from Rome confirm that the communication presented by the almoner of Victor Emmanuel to the Pope announced to his Holiness that the King of Sardinia would perhaps be under the necessity of occupying the Umbrian Marches, the population of which do not cease to demand the annexation of their country to Piedmont. The Pope replied immediately, expressing his surprise and grief, and threatening the King of Sardinia with excommunication. Eight students of the University of Rome have been expelled, and the Prelate Rector has been die missed. Another disturbance has taken place among the students. The government is occupied with the loan. A mixed commission has been appointed to report definitively upon the fusion of the railway compa nies, and hopes are entertained of a speedy settle ment of the question. The Monitors of Bologna states that the electors persist in demanding annexation. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. mow ova owe ouusrownsurr.) PARIS, FRIDAY EVENING. A bill of great importance was presented to the Corps Legislatif this afternoon. In consequence of the utter stagnation of business, which is attributed in great meuure to suspense, the government pro poses that the import duties on all those articles which by the treaty of commerce were not to be re duced till July 1, shall be lowered immediately. The chamber is palled upon to vote the measure as one of " urgency." There will, therefore, be a de bate almost directly, in which the protectionist de puties will have an opportunity of singing their dying song. Some members will perhaps think it rather hard that the supposed guardians of the public purse should be peremptorily called upon to vote a reduction of the revenue before they have had the means, by a perusal of the budget, of know ing what the receipts are likely to be. Such scruples, however, will meet with small consideration, and the measure may be considered as good as passed. The budget will not be in the hands of members for the next eight or ten days. It is not long since a financial report spoke of a surplus of 180 millions remaining from the Crimean loan, as being destined for great public work,. The works alluded to are in great part ordered, but the money that should have fed them is gone. I have it on good authority that 100 millions of the fund are sunk in the Chinese expedition, and the remain ing 80 in the occupation of Lombardy. In order to go on with the public works, recourse will be had to treasury bonds, loans from the bank, and all those familiar means of tiding over a difficulty which re sult in a permanent addition to the " floating debt." The promise of the imperial speech, that there is to be no new loan, will probably be kept this year, unless in the event of war, but next year a loan is inevitable. A circular from the Minister of Public Worship will appear in a day or two, in which, with a view to conciliate the clergy, large promises will be made of restorations of churches and cathedrals. There will be some eloquent and learned passages about the middle ages, and the monuments of the piety of our ancestors. There are, however, no funds presently applicable to the fulfilment of these fine promises. The grand and decisive step of Count Cavour is making a direct and prompt appeal to the Tuscan people has greatly disconcerted the French govern ment. Nothing but force can now prevent the annexation of Tuscany to Piedmont, and the moral difficulties in the way of the assumption by France of an attitude openly hostile to Italy are so great, that in all probability the recommendations of the imperial speech will be set at nought within a tort night from the day on which it was pronounced. Nevertheless, the paralysing effect of the speech upon commercial operations is described to me as " disasirono." The Bourse was very heavy and much agitated. The Rente fluctuated between 68fr. de. and 671 r. 73c., and closed at 68fr, for cash, and 67fr. 95e. for ac count, with a fall of 36c. and lbe. Mobilier fell 2fr. 503. The Orleans railway fell 7fr. 50c., Southern dfr., and Northern 2fr. 50e. In the other Lines there was no change. A great many Parisians ars leaving for Havre, Dieppe, Dunkirk, Boulogne, and Calais to see the high tide of March 9. An immense number of workmen have gone to Rouen to repair the damage done by the late gales, which wailed the roofs of half the town. The following is the text of the judgment of the Court of Correctional Appeals in M. Vacherot's case: Considering that so far from confining himself to the domain of miaow and pure theory, Vscherot, in hie work entitled " La Democratle," develops with much detail the reassures which should be taken to organise end maintain a mow government, destined to be readied in the domain of facts ; That the future government announced by Vacherot and desired by him is said to be " much nearer at hand than short-sighted politicians imagine ;" That he even spectre the not very distant period within which the work of revolution, " which descends more and more into the depths of moiety, will have prepared the way for a pure democracy ;" That this period "can scarcely be prolonged beyond the present century," and he adds that " the friends of liberty may console themselves fur the present by thinking of the future ;" Adopting the reasons of the court below, sod applying Art. 3of the decree of August 11, 1848, thus worded fre aked decree], Dismiss me appeal and confirm the judgment, relucing the Imprisonment, however, to three months. The sentence of the first judges is therefore re duced from twelve months' imprisonment to three, the flue of I,ooofr. being maintained. The Appeal Court probably thought that Professor Vacherot could not be a very dangerous demagogue, since his theories give the present order of things a forty years' respite—a pretty long period, more especially when we consider that many writers prophesy the end of the world long before that of the present century. The King of Prussia lately became so much worse that the :opal family at one time thought that hie death was at hand. lie afterward', however, rallied a little. The young Prinoe Napoleon Bonaparte, son of Print* Lumen de Canino, 'tasked been appointel Colonel of a legion of the National Guard of Perla. Colonel Frappoli, an intimate friend of General Garibaldi, haa arrived in Paris, on his way to Swedes, where he is going on a mission from the states of Centrel Italy, to thank the Swedish Chambers for their rasa Tote, of sympathy towards the Italians. a a' 0 • N • 44 • 44 • 0 •