The Express. — London, England, 1850-01-30 00:00:00

gilt eI:PV,OO* OUTGOING MsisdktAU& TM Waal Mdb. Is Daramk. Ilwrizzah N. Goodores, New Oakum Ilarkaosi mirike *ma kr Madlsks,l4. Jues.4l,44lsansus. New Ormads, • ail Para, wal be maim" as the mankg of Tab. 2. TM math M llaa=tr on. lkailla. la Beam Ayras,wl2 sp ea Ur et Pak 4. TM oaks he Ikkia. MAW be ask " I f k a aMlLUllialtlik fa lie Orflas. WM. limilisme 416,1 Isoriay t i t ~lag al Feb. I. TM sib Imr 1111121111211VAmeriss as4l tka hied OMNI we be kids wen Ibmwoltai drab. S. Mk mei kraal's , Ilaili e rsee, the ludas blask2, Owls% bilk is* CAS ISSIMMOOS, Mal . bt= 4. an Ike analog et A.!O. in_lrAT ll , AT lATIDNI =IBM _ MAgtr=" LONDON. 11.71DNISDAY. JANUARY 30. Taus an two es awes peculiarities of the present WIWI awd ear bread stwfave of so melt dial& mass tliat they :at set be allowed to pow on noticed. The int le, the memo at many of thee of the labenrier elms. They .tsi.d these asessablages of leadowears sad Meet to seam_ with them. pretest egoism any mesa te acemomeat _and ma miceelly get no angry with Ile - hogid Mir employers 1124 weeM.he paboms ae M bums vociferous and illsmiledy. It need to be h aegiewsit egalast the anti-corn law agitation that the working classes seer cordially joined in it. And there was some truth is the state ment. The Mead's sad salaamed portion of the community bad thee some ins that hes trade might lowa wages. The word pr teed tickled sad charmed their earn. And they bed more faith in en extension of the eaffrage benatisg them by ramie( tazatioe, than in forms earn. So Mr. Comas sad Mr. Basset, in their meads evilest the bead mo nopoly, had sot any my pascal at sathriutio support from the iguana» of the man. It was the intelligent* of the community is which they rode to somas. Mark the change. This great seethe of one Tie lotion, through the army of tree trade, new ea - the the Messier of cheap tweed. large loaves, and wages : They have, this year, thanks to foreign im portation and domestic expestabon, 12,000,000 snore quarters of wheat to est than ever they had Was. And, better still, they have the piesniary meals of consuming it. Is short, the labetwisuelestes now know the value of free trade to them. Mmwing and feeling its value, they seek to preserve it. So they attend the entall-loaf meetings, and sere with the sq uires. They tall the monopolists wee threaten them with low were, that they as. hatter off now than they ever were; that they COOMBS more tweed, owe their trades-people Imo, have S nes eoultortve and are generally in rod work. oppeee facts like these to the squire's threats and . They have tasted the meets of free Ina% and see not again to be deluded into the bitter min of menopoly. Thus, for example, a stocld, at UM Mashie" meeting the other day, told the Toieesteribhe squires that " his belly had taught his train" what free trade was; and the poor fellow's expremim and suggestive dictum clamed the nwinopoliste 11104IIIS. Mr. rime had nothing more to say than that the Hinckley etockingers were a very worthy get—a compliment which the stockingers could not return the squires as a body ; though they were not unmindful o some special services rendered to them by Mr. PACKS. This change of opinion and conduct on the tart et the labouring class is the highest testimony that can be given in favour of free UM*. Its object was their immediate benefit; that object has been aceomplished and the class most benefited are resolved not again to tolerate monopoly. The ignorance and the intelli gence of the country are thus united against the sel fishness of the squire. Another peculiarity of these sasemblart is that all the great landlords who show their teems at them though declaring th mashie protectionists in prin ciple, implore the more blatsat of the lass powerful 'noires and the tenant farmers, not is think of any immediate return to act et parliament pe4m. Now, this peculiarity briags into a strong setter the great fact, that it is the swam proprietors this:K .6 ,M seek a return to monopoly. And the reams is obvi ous; these um, as a body, are all taws Of em barrassed ; they have been living on a margin of rent, after paying the interest of their tweeted limey, which free trade threatens to enereaoh on, and, in many cases, to wash away. A permanent fail in rents is ruin and disgrace to them. Their day of reckoo ing is approaching. They have the fear of an English IncumberedEstates Act before their eyes. Now, so long as these men can remade the tenant farmers that a worn to monopoly is a probable, or a possible, event, just so long wilt their donee go on paying them half-yearly . oat of their capital that as rent which on no true principle is rent. The small-loaf and dear-bread meetings are all got up by this clam. No one knows the fact better than the great landowners of the kingdom. So, whs.), ever the latter attend they speak in a very different tone from the embarrassed landlords. And well they may ; for free trade is actually beneficial to the pro prietor who has his sheep skies in his own streeg box : he is in a position to be hamited by is effect on all other ciammedities as well as aa grain. But free trade to the propeister who limbed sharps on kis land, whose riwirawes am pasted I. the neighbouring atonal who fits grown let ea his ex traverse*, co to a riming vagrant who hes liateen by his own enterprise and energy—free trade to each a man is a terrible reality ; it is destructive 'Whig hopes, hear* under its influents his rents mist fall, his lands will pas away from his family, and his cre ditors be peed. But this, to him, dreaded change, will be a blessing to the country ; for it will bring capital to bear on production ; these pitalist who dis places the insAvest will know the value of high farm ing ; he will be prepared to do his share of it; and he and his tenantry will rely on the amount of the rodeos to be raised, not on prises aimed at by statutes. It implement, then, to see the Doke of CLISSLAND, Lord YARBOROUGH, Lord Howe, the Doke of Barr /0110, and even Sir Haunt Homers, separating themselves from this elms cd prepristme fir IR the separation at the sheep hem the wolves them is mach hope fro the former; ad the latter will be all the more seedy exterminated. A third pesaliatity ere these massialages is, that Mx. Tsmaam.fs balderdash is seldom or ever repeated at them. The 'squirm ion tiastively fleet the weakness of this pert of their ease; the trout bemire know that if the delusion were to prevail, the wriest would have the best of it; and both are of 'pintos that re deetion of taxes is net the object for which Mr. DisaAau was allowed to soma Loa Here, them we have at them Rusting, the Mow ing class protesting against any mans to probation ; the gnat landowners telling the embarramsd pro• rioters that say soften to it is at present berthas ; snob oat haler& howling mat for it in order to keep the tssant fames@ elf the tree meat el low rents; the Nissen joining in the sheet tor it merely to give- m iler to their feelings ; and seemly a Mama Wl= seriously one word is tamer et their ledleilla proposition to cheat them, and Militia ide poson in parliament, by *aim triiiill IS the film ieme et *Mal berthas on Te mask displays fees traders ma have no possible &deaden. Ws weds. to fed that the yspw-sokno sad pub lishers el Ilasimed sea sa h rf rsallatars es the stMest et the pig" do useg -idge lo s held at Ildisharyit oa W s ag gm lar. Maxus • Oawmt was diad Is grids, ended it the apprisleiont of a esaluillos to ma yor with parties is Ragland, witsns eigaged la brisgiag the matter before the goverssioat, and to draw so a memorial to tho Tawny, pub' far s meal. Thi s i s auriarss, sad it the essath paper-atakoss oar mats tool ow, of lb* time, we doll ass despair et their a ning a repeal Of 'firs daty sigraisper, ewe is ths owes of the awing souks. In addition' bele widish, a kw web hook, we had the ostimitstisa of rebidding ea tido istpertaahrsdisseelded wed evarldlisi dale la 1 the Bitabzik , • whisk mist to eledy fa*atrtst ti ot vie", the °premiss sad et this obnoxious tax. Several . 4 : dwelt spot a • point wadi 111. taw peollooly alai to „Rod dia, N ausi the moat ot this ~, , ~~ INFO& sr It was shown A t , this pe sorsuan ia the seem se tee • salsas than 80 per mat. apes *ft . : ea et hest 40 per mat wpm ou rare u k er tur word~" . M s r e - 01 " ionho ln." 6.1 s 11 ilweerer, Mowry Shea 41. to the insea tax apes every hipbone' of busisem? True V m ie eltimahlilX imp' spa the ealirast. Bat ha bee that mead the saatirsl AIME "Soh a tsar hes naturally the seed ef driving _ ruse mgr to demi with them who kspe ne malt 'herr to make : whilst at bear modt is a heavy ereto apes the pockets the poor. Way W. for ill sten" who buys a pollred of meg bays it is paper ' .This iptpse is weighed into*" = I ; l l t wo en-limt the purcitoseref pound of soda Pay two duties itt Press; the ditty apes• fail read - eager, the whole of which be does eat get, god the duty apse • heavy plea of worthless breft piper at the veto of 80 per cent. upon it, vas'. Mr. Cowart states that mist e mond Amnions potent, paper is sow being merndlastared is England of kinds of strew. This *video* seems to promise swiss. But whilst the straw ma be purchased at 2s. per cwt. or lees then a forthiog the duty epos the paper made el l • i t m i n s 4 no Use than led. per lb. Hone we have a singular proof of the opprordwmem of this duty, its amount nommen not per cent., bet abso lutely. 500 per cont. upon the eost of the Inoteriel. Of this straw piper then might be made pocking boxes, wood pe,eiti• seas* reed real many sake this's le whisk light Wren Moil etW aetenebi skr ar let the Widen the prise he parporedes toe high to 'seer • essromddlp to bring it into ths model tie empals with ease droop ontnials. Here we no a renadonia beano manly of the °programming of the pew duty upon thy steamer wherein& it aiestumnibes, hat at its iateriersaes the extemiro at the arts. Anther pain whin was usatelly illustrated IN the heavy met of collecting the paper der q : a slat tallier p es the Excise at the rots of nearly : di rz ime eid.., bet frAlUgetW mere heavily open the meenheturer. Beery roan st paper bos. to be weighed, paned la a preen, way, kbdistl, uresinvad, and snored is tha most potted. nder tsar d heavy penalties for ens the slightest &viatica hen the law. To do all this, sad to see distil is all deer, the ppaappeerr maker mast keen servants and clerks at eosidwebb wages. Is this way the cost to him le estimated by Mr. Cowart at quits es much as the coot to the Excise. But this is not the only injury enifired by the mansfee terse. He bp able to all the occident' Pris ing from the detoetten which the law a: on. We know a large paper hates in which suffers frequenuy the t rot/tot incoovedense from the excise rogulatious. oder the law so roam of paper can be sent out of s paper-mill for four hours after it het been narked by the=l officer; or if that °Meer reel's, se he meet usually does, out of the parish In which the psperedil is situated, then detantiou of forty-eight home is is misted on. Now, the paper dealers we Mlit to obtain their paper, for reams good, fres a manufacturer carrying on besiege" near New castle-on-Tyne. The paper is mot to thous by steamboat to avoid the additional exposit, of land carriage. At this season of thoithessegalkeene boats sail but once a week. It not esedy bop pets, in consequence of the Excise mg' the paper ordered for one week's vessel is too be, shipment, in which cuss it suffers seven days 2 or, should the winds be unfavourable, it may undergo a detention of a fortnight. The =7: nieno° thus oomairmed need not be pointed oat. It has on some occasions amounted to the loss of large orders which the paper dealers were desirous to em ciente. As regards the pew, the waking of the paper duties was most forcibly illustrated by Mr. W. CHAMBER& "During the five years ending 1848, we have," he said, " paid for paper the sum of 83,0001, of whisk 14,0001. woo exacted as duty." The whole of = fell upon the consumers of useful publieatiose at the smallest possible price, and prepared exprony for the benefit of those whom the stamp duty apse newspapers precluded from resorting to those asr thorised sources of information. Oao of Mama CHAMBERS'S weekly publications was stated to have circulated 80,000 copes at Id. each, producing sifts thee 17,0001. a year. The whole of this 17,000 a year, except the tax, went in the employment of la boar ; for the material of which the paper was made was utterly valut a / a s. Now, this 17,0001. a year gave employment to six hundred fa milies, or 2,400 of the pop:drake. And yet that very publication, giving employment to 600 families, has to basuppnand because of the paper duty! Could there be a stronger proof than title of the injury the duty brings upon the working popula tion " If ? the paper duty is removed," says Mr. CHAM BERS, " I loops that at the aunt time the importation of foreign papers will be entirely unrestricted. The paper-woken of England have settling to fear whatever from free trade. On the contrary," said Mr. CHAMBERS, " my full conviction is that by the complete abolition of them duties, and the establishment of free trade is paper, we shall be enabled to supply the colonies on the m at advantageous terms and extend the trade." This is en important declaration for the coosiderstion of the Caaxesuaz of the EXCHEQUER, and one which the protectionists will do well to remember when this subjest comes to be debated. ail* NOM, loated er meed t he ensd. The peterwhat orglaised_ aid academie hinted thrit bil t aralidataa should km mole siseatkon able egad* The new law maid de away with:lide ead ovate a masa mapesed -of person t e V= divers prellosional einem to meant mot bat esistc . Than the ember of resins mad I'4 seis maces is to be foamed front 27 to 8., cm far each departmat. The aew law mail away with the universitarian power of lima. Meek and the deprive the naive* of ifs bdisate re li bif n e gL it i j that the aniversiteriel% , est. The law would deprive them of their walW el adios to divide it with the governmental power. We they eansider sasatiehately aad esaolusive against the adoption of the law. Oa the Sher lead, the re = Pa Zill a hr tra ai t tiveLtialiafatv"r of these o not see wiliest prepandesance for the clergy in it. M. de Moatelembert, indeed, goes so far ea t• nein onkel inspostisa and oohs advaatages of the same ma, but these be cannot get. It may, perhaps t be asked, who is in favour of the law P The answer is that these are few, and it seems impossible that the law should pan having so many opposents to tear it in piens Tke vote, asthenia; a mond reading, cannot be taken as showing that it will be adopted, inasmuch as may of those most NNW' to the law wish it to be farther dismiss!, and indeed said so; bat it I. almost certain that unless sweeping Swages me made, the law itself will be swept away. Under all circumstances, whoa we see beers spent in matinee upon each article, as for instance, is the ens of the law on transportatioa, it may_ well be doubted whether under the most favourable carcass stances such a law as this can ever be voted. I had written *urn when I learned that the second reeding of the law on public instruction is palmed till this day week, on scounnt of the indispositisa of M. Thiess. Meanwhile, it is now supposed that the delay in the presentation of M. Berryer'e budget re port will be favourable to a more speedy debate on the adulation project. If the budget were to ewe an before the close of the education debates, these is every probability that the latter would be barked. so the seestably intends taking a holiday in May.. It is the daisies of the government on the Paris amt Avignon maim,, which, not being come to, dsisys the report of the bare. It cannot new be ready be fore the latter end of February. It is supposed that the intermediate time will be sufficient to cowhide the deliberation es the Education Bill. It appears that the bielmp have addressed letters to the Pops to exercise his Mosses in their favour It this very mat ter of edesellen They think that the new law, slightly amooded, would be an excellent one; but then aseninets being in favour of the clergy, they wish to posh with nary influence. To-deg is the chamber the elections of the garde weressetanned. The deba te n then commenced on the genie essiele. M. Clary, in conjunction with some Aims% proposes the re-institution of the betbilisos of the into two new battalions. TheMato woo pro in s gat post hour. At its pre sent sego it is impossible to give an accurate idea of the 'abject. TOWIDAT. 6 30 rs. In the Legielative Assembly yesterday, the bill to allow three menthe pay to the Garde Mobile cm their l being disbanded was adopted by 533 votes to 49. The Assembly command the discussion on the bill slat ingteseavemtime between manufacturen and workmen is mann amend with weaving. The dimming was stoma to this day. • The report of the committee on the bill relative Is tbs settlement of the accounts of 1847 was yesterday peoseated to the Assembly. The ordinary and extra ordinary expense are fixed at 1,609,588,840 L 82c. The only important fact to animas this aftessesm is the followiag :—Tbe Freesia§ and Austrian govern meets soot in to the French executive the demand of = mospatioa of Switzerland. This demand the is mast embarrassed to reply to, unwilling as it is to sad the powers, and equally so to none to their dams& Hero is an opportunity for the minis ten dudish to show itself. The Monster of this day publishes the following decree, by the President of the Republic, dated the 10th : - - Crnseiderney the adenoma of llth Jemmy, 1816, which Saul the eatery ef the 4/oversee of the Iscalidis et 40,000 f. Cessideria. the dune of 8 Fraedier, As, XII., dedariag that thepy d stanhel OP:vase is oeseparibie with the woo hums &rived frost say (char civil or atiiitary (*arnica ; osarniariag, maresear, OM the 0.1.61'60, of the lavelides, whs ha** bees oohed sr the diyaity of atenhal ie to re eds, the tams pay se the ether ounkele who bare pre sided him in the estrits of the mime fasedese, decrees es Idiom :—Art. 1. The miry of the swarm of as Massa Hotel des byelaw', Wed to MM., by the dense of the 7th Febnwar i llidk lisesght warn the rate of 40,000 f r ., counsimedi the abriwgernal AMMEnaIWi of the 10th of Jemmy, 18 "The Mem' aye the Cboolikdaassul, " mind in the esevoestres of the &stand easier all forth rowspisiate. It is selkisat to met ogee eyes over the departiasatal journals to pensive the easels of these delays. Kest of these jeareals spook of the wretched state of the roads, nattered almost hapassable co l e t g t sow. It is certain that to convoke the *leakiest is the midst of so rigorous a sews would be to those A rea amber of the electors to stay away from the The Corsairs says: "The amber of sense struck oinks electoral lists ia the deptruseat of the Boise, within tba delay fixed by the law, awaits 2705. ThLtresult is of a . wore to seatiriolly Seedily the character of the next buiteisa elections." Nothing doing is the Cherubic. DOME. FRANCE. YARN, lionniv, 530 ex. On the eve of the second reading of the law on public instrestion, it may be as well to explain what its projectors pr opose , uld what its opponents obirsit to. And first; I should premise that freedom of edu cation, of which no much has been said on both sides, has very little to do with the matter usage discus sion; for, in * s em of the naiversitarians, it mess freedom from , and in thole* the clerical party the aar e l i a Ll oe vieitelieiminlis poly. Even those 'lee desire free erlimplien. in a sectarian some • admit that. the • stele amid be allowed to exercise sonsidorable infinities Mil inter ference, inasmuch as the country has never, 'as yet, been, and la now km than ever in a state to per mit the mimeos of complete liberty. Rolightensd impala*, in education as in polities—Ma is the Use Under the Fiench emanative statesmill. They therefore demand for the state not merely I but a directing initience. The system whisk IS seat exists war masted by the Emperor Xs The clematises which he exercised in all al course guided him in this, but for hie large asseeliens of aut ho rity over education he had precedent le plead as well as expediency. The PM/ university bad for ages exercised a premeditating influence set ally over all the schools of Prance, but also on those of Pimps. And the old privilt gee on which this eqminisey wee besseweeersetimed, but not shaken. by the phtlosophms of the eighteenth century. They W higher gamimilret. ...A impart, however, was drawn out long preview in Ala revolution by President Roland wb,, of mmile, remained muted upon in the adeilfigial olitibto• Napoleon, no , deal* consulted lie oonstructed the university of an sonseil ofthir4 members, of whom ten were aiteaN tar ifs, whilst the summing twenty, who were left laths abeise of the gem& tauter of the university, wow renewable. in .ashen- every yew. Oradea,. end Nth& lestltatton grew seder its new meshes ties, the syetest_at nealseting the twenty y imegibers et the imperial email fill into diner., and [lllo.lootoil of tea, like that of Venice, grow Emputy, Ili somber was afterwards reduced to sight, se 1 shift it now steads. The imperial masa bed is, impflore-general, as well as subordinate councils in 1 27 chief towns d th e country. These councils were Gelled Coneeile ileadessiques, and bad under their supervision three or four deparmts lark and at their hest were chiefscalled = Such was tawesnaritottos of the board in Frans,. Remy thing wee abellethed In Paris. Ceder the rummest of July, Xs *I illsivandy, Naas, tt N'aud,of the serinsii of ,ivtias endemonmd to Masse. the system to its stets by resundmr the old imperial I smail with its twenty anneal members, but he only emended in meeting a Mete of osatesion, which has hitch tilt the %mint tline. )L. Wok bolls; minister ander Omni Cm • • imitated SolooMl7, aid tadt on himself to diminish the amber of tickles from 27 to 20l See slanging ter abolish- ?ARIA, Jan. U. rii 1 Wary. iir A• 101874 latiliat. lassi drew SiztOnia......— is 0 II I 59 10 IR 96 t 9 6 h Fir Omar ......—. 93 $l3 IS 30 93 30 le 19 96 90 i 1 ea /19935a55... * 90 99 99 90 Ile Air 0a115—......... .... A pat 0.01—...- 78 SS 0 « 99 “ Vidititill iii "medal: 30d IS 411 . , PI days, 13 $O. lidglAA,ll, 190 ...». * Dos* !Issas tisanes... 911 56 Wrap DO. 4 4 ••••••••••••W fli DOOM Meat • gl Pad . 3 6 per „ leak limo ... MS „y.... 1 ant If osaa—Parle Ont. sad Craws, a* Pads sad lassyffla 10; Isail sad /1911 q, $l6; Avila= aid Sandba. Slit IftrillOPS' sad Sr* 11646 . 616das (alsrasa). .i-; Oda= ma Iwo- Amu, 416 Up 61* linionia ,AF4 ass, 1101 Earls sad 11 IS Cfsaisas (rips lark). US V elialli TN4lllol4oll4. lh r • , ITALY. _ _ , War, Prlast• trb i Uis - ‘l - 44 - ‘ foirliei;&iiii report bee it is Le thee& to aysw to persuade hie Holism to Teter. to the YAWL Rom what I hire his stir sloe is not Weddell to soma, sad every diy cow rinses me et theaavistisa I haven repeatedly everted, vis.. that the Powell' net be &Sewell to leave Portia Rem& protection: Animal' Mil le &eery mte kaows, arw 7.cobtir oak. sad jealousy of the lattr i 7pare n t, isly se maw lams towards their Wow wreak den, the French, whoa they wish to see olestly oat if I lyta. A curious ecclesiastics' dosoment has lately limn into my hands, emanating from Pottiei, and which' document was actually priated and:then withdraws. It is an address to all Italian catholic*, and was drawn up by the conclave, a few days since, and intended for genital distribation. It teas this: 1. Comidoriag this the authorh, et the el m& should be respested by the Italia* primes whoa they represent 2. Coadderlai that dee ballets prisms have usurped the power et the shards, mad Wild the people se melt sodas* ma- Welted prlasiples. 3. Cosaidering that she Italie* primes *mild nowt the tempera goods of the ass*, .ad that they hero allowed the property of the elm* so be seques tered, sad thereby taught - eamsenisis. Such is a fragment of this singular doormen; which I am informed Cardinal Alamein revised. Bisuw.—Tile election of the electors for the Er furt pullaseut Mee jest takes /lees la Berlin sad the rest of Prussia. Ia swat cam the densearatie party re frained from vedag, and the result le therekce of cause favourable to the coneutstive es.•*Ltati•a pearly. In several of the other principalitles of the Osman eentedews *an the 'ladies@ have goo taken One with SU sane result DR. ACRILLL It is now known that Dr. Atha hemline set at liberty t this intelligence necked Paris by telegraph Let Friday. We understand from Dr. Achill?" friends that they are able to prove that the assistance of the Preach military was fraudulently obtained for kis arrest, sad that the French government was falsely informed that be was imprisoned for murder and other crimes. The inquiries iostituted at Viterbo by his friends forced the amusing power to drop the mask, and to avow that he was seised for religion Mee'. A similar local investigation in Rome ecabledhisildsede to prove to France by evidence of her own Ahem" that a detachment of her troops on duty at her Pre fecture of Police in Rome were parties to the seizure, though the prefect made a rotors that there was no such entry in his registers. The soldiers were dispatched for the purpose without the °egoista°, of the prefect, by word of command of a subordinate. The second in commend of the French police is an Italian gentleman employed formerly la the police of ChlIZrY XVI. chief of the French army and diplomacy in Rome, General Benignity d'Hilliers, applied in person (soon after Dec. 10) at Partici to the supreme pontiff he the prisoner's liberation, which was personally re heed, on no other ground than that the primoner" had date much harm to religion, and would do more, if fres.* Owing, however, to proceedings, the nature of which is not known, the Neagh government received in Paris, on Dee. 20, a telegraphic message from the that the Roman government offered the prsneh government to liberate Dr. Achilli on condi tion thee the English goreroinect and his friends wadi ensure his leaving Italy. The British Am bassador in Paris, with the - Medusa which has characterised him throughout, wrote himself extra elleielly, to Dr. Achill' engagjng himself to de in. His kinds did the same. Toe French government inti mated to the general and ambassador its ooncurrerce la the arrangement. The French general cumul i sated this reply to the Supreme Pontiff at Portia, end claimed the fulfilment of the promise. It was mswered that he would take time to consider it, and wild arrange the matter on his return to Rune!! In the meantime, and subsequently to the arrival of the reply from Paris, the Fiscal of the Invisition visited Dr. Achilli in prison several time, intimating is him that be was to be put upon his tria l, and that he, the Fiscal, was to be his judge. The knowkdge of this delay, and of the accompany leg circumstance', reached Paris about lan. 10. The government of the republic took up the matter strongly, sad cemmuninatioas of an urgent character were made to Rome. On the 25th, ths French go vernment was made aware (as has beam stated) that Dr. Achilli was already on hie way from Rome to Paris. RUSSIAN POLITICS. Mom the Doily New.) NM February, 1848, the continent of Europe las been oonvolied by anarchy of graining under 11111600. Re-action we hold to be, in one Maio more dims even than political fiance, that it is a stage further removed from ra lend freedom, because excess is the inevitable phase dame' which society must pass in its transition tam absolute government 'il free institutions. Jesmsgt these conflicting elements the most Iced sets rights sad moderate aspirations bays been or repromed. But whilst absolution has every- Alm established a precarious amendincy, two power. at opposite extremities of Europe—Russia and Great &Main—represent antagonistic principles which no sophistry can remineile nor prudence keep from hostile action. Ramis, or rather its govern ment, typifies m absolutism whose existence can only be prolonged through its own territorial aggrandise ment, and re-aotim amongst its neighbours. With regard both to its own subjects and the remainder of the world, the tendency of Rued= imperialism is is feet epitomised in the naive admiesion of its bead, the Emperor NICHOLAS, who, the other day, on the occa sion of reetricting to 300 the number of students in the liaise:sides, declared that " owns WAS INCOM PATIBLE WITH CITILI8A110111." Great Britain, on the conical, has long practically re test, and (since identified with free trade) asseptal in theory the principle of tore- Inteeiswes, of which the objective aim is to semiwtheetell-being of her own ematmanity by gra dial MOM* of all nations towards her Own level of maps*, ostsainent, and freedom. Between these Weise. , alpiss, which place at issue the in tonate sf rebels egoista the interests of a dynasty, no sempatmlie-s One or Miser must rue comb t wanted 'point out which. The demispsnist of free-trade principles has been MAW Y R% JAN. 16. so intimately essmated with the Zino.= of pails As I had 4atidtaaadt. ty )Eines bfals-cloy passed ideas in thismattry, that no aggrariew is possible at without any sinasely ; the crowded prisms still on its part. The people of England would no dada immix occupied by the visible of royal - vengeance, wait py the dissolution of the Rusks dospo and hundreds of exiles most remain where fortune tirm hem Memel came; although directly or indi- Me thrown them until some outward event shall in- rectly, Wherfar by restrictioh ried oppression in duos the Neapolitan government to change its policy. its own dominices, or. by its baneful influence over My ' is, that even if the King bad been Austria and the northern provinces of Turkey, that dla t grant an amnesty for the thousands impel- despotism outs off some hundred millions of the pope mad fa Oasis constitutional opinions, the army laden of Europe both from oivillslog interoommuoi would have dictated a refusal, so fatally is the des- ration and from our markets. But it I. doubtful tiny of the throne in their batik Physical force is whether concurring canes will allow the Cur to fil th* law of the land—even opinion is coerced; the low the example of this frisbee:sue, and continue whole 'Gantry taught hypocrisy both in religion and to abstain from overtly aggressive note upon his politics, on hie Maisay's birthday the fne,,, ap is neighbours, which national intern! s and the faith ministers and the of fi cers of the army and navy of treaties would call alike upon this country to their respects . There was an unusual number the resent. • latter. The Xing Lathed pas aid eare-worn. Time premiss, and, like the life of the Csar, the The only event relative to the Pope is that his epoch may be termed elimmterla The five-and- Holiness anticipated the birth-del visit by presenting twentieth year of the reign of Nictimolt may remind himself with.a somber of era ties on the 13th, ‘him how . WWI the probable spies remains to secure the morning before the Xi a birth-day. It will be the " gates of his Itonien—the oaal i eb y y which expected that I should on give, some information Rodin sovereigns and courtier. the Du ch. ncarinselly. mooted topic of his Rolinsn'erstare dandles. Th e Christian provinces el to Ream lam still Wised to believe that event is modally propagandised by years ji l: r eg as t by no steam so war at band as the reports of the day to slaw unequivocal signs of lad Wiest.. I brae sines pointed oat ' the sin of The Tab& ...spire , like the mulls at the the " piet," the. Frisch troop set of *me of the lam °seamy, is serisesir sdiesthe its Be.. bslbss his gam sates. It would be dill. etestitstiossi vices, and threatens Isilhonswatksi •Natry bow' its dsVps. Na it awful that sways, familiarly dm -4 , which , if it should hostility, ens remained es *it nivel* figtetamist to Ihis rid of the that*, in the same Milestitatese the chisibiladraini to all extilesisa et oar osmmerce and modal imp anent cm the idea • Rosen, we have Wei been tole, wan by thus who admit her offensive weakness, is massible at horns. This may be true with regard to every country ex cepting England, but if only acoseabie to Engbaod, Russia is peculiarly volaseable to her blows. The sovereigns of Bavaria or Wortemberg, thanks to their inlaid situation, and the laviectible repugnance of the British people to engage in land operations on the smatinent at Europe, might defy this country with as much safety es the Khan et Boras. Bat it would not be difficult to show that the resolute operation of a British fleet, and the combination of political actin, might, without risking a single soldier, and without involving a larger outlay than the cat of the Sikh war, sales to reduce Russia to the condition of a se cond-rate power, it not utterly to overturn the Rus sian despotism. The Russian absolutism—for we most be understood as always distinguishing between the government and the governed—bas during the last Ave-and-thirty years widely extended its infla me and power, but at the exposes of its former inert strength and passive solidity. The Emperor Maim" during his reign of five-and -twenty yeas, hes sin gularly accelerated by his policy die tendency. A, national nobility, the religious fanaticism of the army and of the popuktioo, the tut of the seat of the empire's vitality being in the bent of that population to which all access was barred by wastes inaccessible to armies—were formerly supposed to render Russia invulnerable at home. But that nobility is at the present day utterly alienated from the gerroment the church has been brought into such abject subser vience as to have lost its former fervour. The reli glens fanaticism inspired by SUIVAEROW is now on known in th e army, and little prevalent with the masses; and all have been taught to regard St. Peters burg as the seat of empire. Bt. Petersburg is well known to be an open city tsietirtifications of Cremated% which protect % strong, are accurately known, and may be carried at a given loss by hostile fleets. From the =barbs of St. Petersburg up to the Golf of Bothnia ex tends the principality of Finland for eleven hundred miles. The inaccessible interior is rook, river, and forest. Its roads and lines of communication lie along the shore, and may be anywhere intersected by a victorious fleet. The sympathies of the Finns are entirely with the Swedes, even in those portions occu pied by Russia for near a century and a half. In Sweden, from the Sound to the frontier of Lapland, from the hat to the palace, from the child to the grey beard, " the recovery of Finland " is the day dream if its whole people. King OSCAR, however well disposed towards Ansa, it is well known has been obliged in deference to this prejudice repeatedly in private to give this national toast. Twenty-four hours after war should be declared between Rods and this country the Swedish government most follow the example, ands penalty of universal insurrection. In such a case the subsidised Swedes could set on foot for offensive purposes 100,000 disciplined men, per the most warlike that Europe furnishes, bat cer tainly, in the judgment of those who know both armies, such as no similar Russian force could cope with. If we suppose the defences of Cronstadt to have been destroyed, the capital itself would lie at the mercy of a battle which such an army, though inade quate to penetrate into the interior, would be well cal ealated to win. In the Black Sea the destruction of Sebastopol or Odessa is equally feasible. The power of the Crare, however much multiplied, is now the power of brute force, and of the terrors it inspires. It is dependent on opinion. With the capture of Mos- cow their cause was not lost ; bat any striking event which to-day destroyed the prestige of invincibility would far and near convert into overwhelming ac tivity the latent antipathies and passive hate of half the motley races and various classes whom the Emperor's rule oppresses. Fourteen millions of Poles in Poland and the Polish provinces of Russia, regarding the Emperor at this hour with as much horror as the Prince of Evil,—the inhabitants of the Baltic provinces, whether German barons or Let tonian mrs,—the impatient Covacks,—the Moldo- Walachian% who made their revolution the other day against Russian influence, and the Finns whom affection for Sweden fi ve-and-thirty years' separation has not been able to alienate, might all, as occasion offered, rise on such a signal. The Serbs, Bulgarians and Sciavonians, whose good will the Russian cabinet has cultivated so long, show manifest signs, to all who watch them, that the hour, its star began to wane, would see them ranged with its opponents. At home there remains to be considered a peasantry, the most prone to pacific occupations and unwarlike stony in the world—a trading slam, which naturally detests the military bureaucracy to which it crouches —a nobility, of which, five-and-twenty years ago, a vast majority , was implicated, and is suppo sed to be again in conspiracy, against the absolutism which grinds it in the dna; and, lastly, of an innumerable army, divested of all martial inclina tion, of which it may suffice to my that, in the opinion of those 000vereant with its teeing, out of every thousand of its number, from the colonel to the trumpeter, nine hundred and ninety-nine, if freed from com pulsion, would for ever quit its ranks—an army which lee ks together the whole system, but whose uncongenial elements might be speedily re delved into inorganic confusion by the effectof a great reverse or a startling blow. NEw ZEALAND r. Yesterday a rusing was held in Birmientant, under the muftis of ord Lynette*, Mr. Adderley, M P., and Ober gentlemen who have takes pert in the promotion of the " Canterbury Settlement," In Now Zealand: the *et wee he said la termation este the principle and detailed the pion ow width , 1 isionisatic.n of this settlement is telpseed Is be esai. desk& Kr. Felix Wakefield attended answer Jewellike, nal the Hon. Fred. Gough presided. Lord Lyttellel pies • general sketch of the project. His lordship ado the pre. moon of the Canterbury settlement had est it on lees with a desire to nalise some settlement which shoubi men worthily represent society in its best views, es to be found in this country more rompleeely .ban had ever been attempted boron in eoleekatioa. 'ffa earry out this, a principal object had been mi wan NM site which should give to uninents a secure ponowdea is their purchases of land ; this was en weavenee not always Riven to ookaists, and many persons on going out to New i Zealand sad other colonies bad exparieneed the greatest embarratament and difficulty. Now, upon th e Canterbury settlement, there was no longer this d rawback ; the land was I secured, sad wu situate in the southern province of the I middle island on the Endure gout of New Zealand. The title eras complete In um respect ; that of the natives was extinguished, and • Grown grant had' been made to the purchases. The settlement wined comprise about 2,400,000 sores of lend, which was offered for sale at U. per sore. It must be distinctly under stood that this was • church undertaking, and must Oen fore be confided etrietly to members of the church of Ragland; it wee also euntliel peat of the undertaking, that all the adventagee of charebniechook, and clergy, waled be provided for the drat batik of @Migrants. For the net be had oaly to state that the lead wee already in pee. session of the association, and that local agents wield to stationed is large town kr the pupae of affordieg infor mation on the subject.—Mr. Ad easy, PIP., maid that he regarded this as one of the greatest enterprises of the pre. sent time. He oondasued the attempt to govern alma and fully matured colonies from the home enentry. He hoped that seek Weald would at the, proper time be 'busted with the rights of eitisetlibip, flitbout which no okay would prosper. With retinues' to this Nang • elinneh enterprise ," the hon. gentleman said that this gaud sot be regarded as savouring of intelerenew, the tam- sen had been adopted as en element of encores, and, in fact, the Presbyterians end Roman Catholtie had settlements of thek own—la reply to • question fr. in the Rev. H. Bellaire, nwidatendeat of the government schools in Warwickshire; Lea Lygielisa add Met Kr. Godly had gone out for the en peas purses( anklet suitable 'prodder for the rteeptioa of dm leisure'. sat Whet wainents on their arrivaL-41r. Adler* (lam* telitholoqaditite) add that there was no doubles webs eusellihiset tae dikes° the land. That, to feet,' • had Meta' the waives ter 1,00 W., sad =bee raw* bum • MN eimpeay by she crews, whtt a reeseleet% fit is aline.—hem the datinisets l* aside a lavemabis imitiedia wee missed relative to this Pal . TH E EXPRESS, wymNgsray gvENING. JANUARY 80, 1850. %pea mod et go • • '- liotaral dual. esakealle, rep tile s = re las e ktii . 71 andi lt . vith "*l 4 heepesters. Me askew* I tp L lie t Ostt with this : t braimper. amylase' to the wasiesica - • . an sakes he everted by low e weedier i zr . Eh " _ 'grave Window IoM at as Wir t rue a the • 7 yr" sea be • Pariral for" IfD O ar E r_P eiree :l_,L eet g ulag ._ no • • • krur last wawa= a s R • .4. •• • Is ' .‘ 1116. , " • Fives have fellia‘llB,- - -‘ 4iini • . 1"" thddlighaat the •as the sorejam •• NOM. -o ish J most lisle, sad two hundred mesa sad C• l 4 True, ot teed errs, Or The Alan wbirb awl Porreara . iummnabled In Melie-Wellechie sad Semearebie ea the nail Told* Iheedus, The whew 4hab was ersa6w Bet how aot tfun bee l t ir otherwiee .hot eeed ,se will emote am Pillrerft t set thine beets is sodas oar Stock Farling* Ism Her pr ea da e mmt ., l"ll. 74;l• 44l Il sesassaasas ."7 "1"47 r4 Wall; dadia'ddeldlia and then is ream to believe that visited d g ala ogerawl _ . now ." soion a , , - sbestat thwmtrow-wol--wcaeciscawc- ry Ma rl how Its &rim. hr etee div e r m e gli en b ers aaa an ...bla de the so b ea li " P"P r os , "11"1".111° ' a s= lona bawd . wIteo%11; took pima I jar. i ttebes e " l"l7 " ow able to at! seals et the - ober watt. bat they art Oa ajeWhie metal thet := l :f *eased the asimeivity lk er &Ott l es ins °Will the pulls the pan shed& asslyse huailiarly the & am Pr Pr b 7 the yelp , tiat bat la s u r i se i th " ll saps , B l Bll4 bi ai a r °W Maar the date 4 the atessapaaylal letter. Pallor arm& sad wiehasee eta pewee which, it it should A Prgedei !r e° ar =asthma. The — Thi• 130 0.. het. eeel e t li fee ni L i t • L i t rrtitTtoh-taitkidn be the luta VOt Court. WINDSOR, JAR. 29. The Queen walked this morning in the Slopes and Wielder Past. • — The Ito;yrlissily took eraa&g sad posy exercise. His R Priam Albert treat oat shootirta yi a iail ai ttsir ilis by Lord Caner, Lard Charlie Fitzroy, sad ettal r. 16_ ..semags• Tblllo a mimes to the Royal dime? party Ulla Oki Was ei Cambridge deb Dilative. of Mounter on at eleneerw/Hoess. Sir laws R. Tangent. had an interview with Marl Grey sesueday, et the Colosiel 056.. r. liateboll, Solicitor-Geaseal for Ireland, had - an interview with Sir Cheep Grey yesterday, at the Homo Olin. A sabeentutittee of the - commission for the Exhibi tion et 1861. semissing of Bari Greaville, Mr. Jonas Ligd, sad Mr. T. F. Gibes. met as as Beard of Trade yen( relay. Mr. Highest., Serretary sad Comptroller General to the Cesetheloam for the Redwation et the N atonal Debt, sad Mr. Tidd Pratt; bad an interview with the Chan senor of the Enesquer yesterday at his official nekton°. in Doweispeteoet• Sir William Goam had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday. Captain Watson lad also an interview yes terday with the sober earl at the Colonial.oler. Lord John Thiene had an interview with Sir George Grey yesterday. Captain Fordyce, TIN , had also an li interview yesterday with the Right Hon. Baoset at the cess-offiev. Dee from the Governor of Gibraltar were received yesterday at the Colonial-office. (From wt sigtat's Sauna.) WHITIRALL, JAN. 26.—The following address of oondolsooe loth' Qom, ow the enemies of the death of her late Majesty Queen Adelaide, having been transmitted to the Right Hosoarable Bir George Grey, Bart., her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Hente Department, tor presentation, wee preettated accordingly to her Mqisty, who was pleased to receive the risme very preciously ; To TIM QOllllll . B Mawr EXCILLIN't bi•ilesTY. Address of the Provost, Magistrates, and Conned of the Burgh of Ma s Abate', in Scotland, humbly shewath, that deeply feeling the demise of her late Majesty the Queen Dowager, we approach your Majesty With the impression I' our heartfelt sorrow for that eatot, and sympathy with your Majesty and the Royal Family under the bereavement with winch it hes pleased God to visit you. That the event may be blessed to th ose who survive, and to the country, by leading as all to be fol lowers of them who , as we believe of her departed Maj-sty, are now inheriting ate promises, Is the humble praye r an d desire of, may it please your Majesty, your Majesty's de vAed subjects and servahts, the provost, magistrates, and council of blusselborgb. Signed in their same and by their appointment, and the seal of the burgh appended by WY. CAMPBSLL, Promet. - • Dowtosc-snutar, 7sre. 29.—The Queen has been pleased to appoint Thomas F. Johnston, Esq., to tie Colonial tlacretary and Auditor of Public Accounts for the 'eland of Trinidad. COMMISSION SION= BY TllB LORD-LIEUTENANT or DINISIOKOHIALS.—Robert William Wynne, Gent., to be second nontenans in as Royal Denbighshire 11,eireent of Militia. HEALTH OF LONDON DURING THE WEEK, (Prom the Reglerrar-Creseral's Report.) • - In the week ending last Saturday, the deaths registered in the metropolitan districts were 1,034, sad ex hibit a decrease of 122 on those of the previow. a ek. A comparison 4,1 the same weeks of former years show. that th g mortality hes not been so low as at the present tine, since 1846 ; in the early part of the years 1847-9 the deaths ranged weekly from 1,200 to about 1,450. T e average of ems. pending weeks in ten previous years (1840-9) is 1,084, or, if a correction is made for increase of population, 1,183, com pared with which the present return shows a decrease of 43 deaths. The deaths from consumption were 128, er whet less than the average. Amongst other fatal disesses. bron chitis is now predominant, and last week carried off 121 per sons, a number which, though less than in the week before, exceeds by 61 the corrected average of ten tone po sting weeks of former years. It is worthy of re mark t hat this complaint, which has exceedingly increased during the hat six parr, bas, sines 1844, produced at this season a weekly mortality more than feurfold its former amount. Puetnamis was fatal to only 78 verso= last week (a great majorits of whom were children), whilst the corrected average of ten c:rres ponding weeks is 109; this disease, though it has fluctuated so its weekly numbers from 64 to 156, has not shown the same disposition as bronchitis to increase during later years. The deaths of 7 nonagenarians were registered last week; at these, a woman at the ago of 96 years, awl a man at L.S. The deaths of 106 persona were registered in wcrehouaes; 57 in hospitals; and 13 in the two royal hospitals, amongst whom were 7 pensioners at Greenwich, who died I:etwe en oho 18th and 24th of January, at various ages from ::7 to The mortality from epidemics continues to be enmp..aancely low, though measles and dlarrhata (from the for me three having been 28 deaths, and from the latter 14), are ..hout the average: 11 children died of artrup. The bireos during :Le week were 1,494. Tao mean daily reading of the barometer at Greenwich was above 30 in. on the first five days of the week; the wan of the week was 30.050. The mean daily temperature rocs from 29 deg. on Sunday to 45 deg. on Friday ; the mean ;: the week was 35.6 deg., which is rather less than the aver..te of the same week in seven years. The mean um:ism:ore was 9 dig. below the average of the same day, on 3lutway; on Friday it was 8 dig. above it. CALLS TO THE BAIL—INNER, TEMPLE.—A farther call of students to the bar wu made yesterday evening, (January 29), and they comprise the following gentlemen: John Thomas Abdy, of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, 8.C.L.; William Byam . of Trinity College, Cambridge, 8.5.; Ounce Robert Comyn Chilton, of Christ Church College, Orford, B.A. ; and Samuel Shepherd, of Northallerton, in the county of York, Beg.—LtsuoLN's INN.—The Term calls to the bar of the Honourable Society of Lincoln ' s* inn wen made yesterday (January 29), and they comprise the aftermentioned gentlemen: Edward B. Fitton, B.A. ; i Timothy S. Oiler, LL.B.; Thomas Beeror, Hog. ; William Wright, jun ., Esq,; John F. Miller, Esq. ; RAXB W. Taylor, Esg ; Arthur H. Eatcourt, M.A. ; Herman L. Pnor, M.A.; Henry Thomas J. JeukUnon, M.A. ; and John Sayer, M.A. MARRIAGE WITH A DECEASED WIFE'S SISTER. — A meeting of nonconformists of the city of Bristol win held on Monday night, at Brunswick Independent Chapel. Mr. ilsieby in the chair, for the purpose of consider ing the present law, by which marriages of widowers wish the sisters of their deceased wives are forbidden. Mr. Sleigh addressed those present, pointing out the rater of legislation on the subject, and the evils which resulted tram Lord Lyndhunt's statute, and it was unanimously rewired to isetit lau the legislature for its repeal. HIGH TIDE IN THE THAMES.—Tettet day the tide rose so extraordinarily high as to overflow the walls of tan river and inundate the various thorough fares slan t [ e r 'bare. So unexpected was the high tide, that no one had made any prepatation to preserve their property, and the sonsegneuss was that znisehisf to an incalculable amount was dose. The tide on the previous day was lower than is has been known to be for some considerable time past, whilst that of yesterday rwe two feet one inch higher than it did in Odober, 1844, when so much property was destroyed. The various wharves slung the river preserved immense sheets of water, timber and other articles being forced about with the strength of the tide, whilst the small craft lying on the shores of the Thames were either titled with water or forced into the open streets. In Lembeth and the two adjoining parishes property worth noisy thou sand ponds was destroyed. In the neighbourhood of the Commercial, Belvidere, and York-roads, a vast deal of damage was date. In the Crescent of Bel videre-road the houses have sustained great in jury, sod the furniture is destroyed. As late as eight o'clock last evening the whole of College strut was ander water about four feet. the lower floor' of the houses being fall of water, whilst the residents were anxiously looking from the upper windows for the water to recede. Even at that period the 'widests were obliged to be taken to and from their residences by means of hones and carts. The furniture belonging to nrsrly fifty penons in this street is either destroyed or extensively damaged by the visitation. So deep did the water rise in the Commer cial-road that boats were employed during the day in conveying reople w along. Fore-street, Lbet'a. Bishop's-walk, as well as the several wharves it the opposite aide of the river at Millbaak, were all un,hr ' water. Along Vaugh U, the Lammas lands it• Fulham and Sattonsa, the open country presented broad sheets .f water, in many places being several f. et deep. At Bankside. Bermondsey, and Itotherhithe a vast amount of damage has been dons. It would be impossible to give a list of the whole of the premises ured, as scarcely a building on either a,,la of the rive escaped, and the furniture destroyed matt amount to many thusand pounds. Toe tide completely overflowed the Temple G ard ens, and the various piers both up and down the river haw wened much damsels. Had the tide must have ▪ high la, the night time a fearful destruction of life must have tollowed.—Tzte MORNINO.—Ii Wee elpected that the tided this morning would have reached the height of that of yesterday afternoon, hut at high-water time it wet found that the wt.ter was two feet lower ; yet, notwithstsnding, it is pretty evident that much more injury will be added to that recorded this day from wring sources. At high-water. however, a curious scene presented itself in Stranti-lane , where upwards of a dosen when's, skids, and other boats were seen floating till the needing of the tide. The S was to be seen in the various boachailders' yards, but wore precaution had been takes by lastriv4p them together. at . bigb a tide is expected this afternoon. he river Thames also Pre sented here and there • curious scene, fir various lioat,e3 crafts were to las was seder the care of the Themes whose duty throastsent the last night, up to the tide ot t t morning, was a very !sorry we. Ire Arundel-atteet,Stran,l. yesterday aftehocin, the tide reached as far as the hou the Mr. Edwards, when, to the surprise of the servant e Ow water teethed the hitches *Ad pet oat the fire. ECM:INT ON THI LONDON AND NORTE W . 1.." /MIX RAlLWAlT.—Early.yestezdai usurping a brats belonso is( to the Midland line ran off the rails near liliswo c f:!... rit g risjelteLltormihail whole de r ralid w hi r art c urt, bu we eirell to say that We was au the misaMeir the P ar amore •Orei segy NO.