The Express. — London, England, 1861-05-23 00:00:00

LOYSEL'S HYDROSTATIC TEA and COFFEE IPLIOCOLATI'IL woo) cups, virees wed brig'''. is • ihiggiol Owed swag. YAW sill. Yr,,. M. 'Everywhere. ilyeepeehowsowsk e e.—Jl ~at, PI. iL7mwsweeitivet, LX. H•111IONIUMII—NEW MODIL.— MINIM MIA sod 00..1101. mapswireet. gat enartslo. nr Coaltr 4 PorlDFATl. hillnibbnimil tutorial for • • th. Espreat" Lo•dow gyonflog Ism mut bw oalco, 10. lloWolloMilwot, by Two Vasa as deg of pobillesaius. OAT MAZEILL TIM EIATC.I. BLACK SUES". Mom Ilnetatone, Compton, Aissi U.K.. Mn C. Tema Mrs. WM... Mr.. Mrs. Nis... ms.l Mi. L met —Aml 111‘ MILLEIC AND 1114 MAN.—Ciassaimes M T. ranocan. Tm.Ntwi. TlUtlet NAMUR). Mr. lihnre an.i Mks Lerkery.—Misll kl3O LLUL Wan. Phelps. Mewed Ph 09... litter. Potter. OmnOrin, mod MVO; MINN ttlinuvo, Maim, and mina Yank, MLITAINNIA. L Tins MMUS. LILT O'CrINNOR Mesdames W. an.' Lase —Nark* h 7 Mr. WM. Park e :l:ln Mr. M. MV.4.4LLTHC WM MUM Miss L Jacobs widths Urns Wesaler.—and ZINGALLLLA. Mrs. IL Hamer. 1110C1 WATER AT LONDON 111111DOL TIDY DAT —limning, Ob. Ms_ . lea Toileatow —Montle& lb. Alfa. .... Anew" 11. Ma. LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 23. iMIIRIIm•E has had a festal day. Tuesday last was set apart fur the work of conferring degrees of honour on some of our most notable public men in different walks in life. It is many years since such an array of candidates for University favour has been witnessed in this or any other country. Theo logy al id exact science, diplomacy, history, and travel, alike had their representatives on Tuesday in the Senate House of Cambridge. The special claims of each personage were recognised in an appropriate speech by the Public Orator of the University ; and it is difficult to conceive any species of acknowledgment at once so genuine and so flattering to human effort, self sacrifice, and worth as that which was paid on this occasion to the naturalist and the poli tician, the explorer of new regions and the explorer of ancient archives, the newly made Bishop of an Oriental diocese and the veteran mathematician. Public praise, when accorded in the usual way, is necessarily subject to a serious drawback either of one kind or other; and the stoutest self-love cannot be unconscious of some misgivings as to its desert or its sincerity. It is customarily paid either in the form of anonymous tribute, in which case it is hard to be always sure that the critic is the equal of the ob ject of his criticism, or it is rendered personally and face to face ; and then who can tell how far private friendship or affection, not to speak of meaner motives, may contribute to what is always liable to be called by the unbelieving open • flattery T The impulse of natural admiration while deeds of worth are recent is notoriously untrustworthy ; and the tardy assertion of superi ority in a favourite author or personally endeared master of science is equally liable to be caviled : at, and not always without reason, as the expres sion of individual preference, or even caprice. ' For the most part, moreover, men of action and men of letters run their respective races apart, and are crowned, when vic torious, in presence of their competitors only. It , is seldom that a place and a company can be found alike suitable to the bestowal of the chaplet ' upon the victors in dissimilar fields ; still more rare is the tribunal to whose competence and authority men whose ways of life and work have been wholly diverse will end rote bow. The ser vices of Lord Sraarroeu or Razscurrs have for twenty years been discussed in all the bureaux and salons of Europe, and those of Lord Euils have been the theme of newspaper articles and parliamentary debates for a considerable time ; but it is something new to men of their stamp to find an Academic Court assembled for the purpose of pronouncing solemn judg ment on their merits, and to see grave scholars and geometricians gathered together for the purpose of admitting them by grace especial into the confraternity of learning. So in like manner the geologist and grammarian are accustomed in youth to watch their laurels growing, and at last to have them wreathed around their brows, without ever dreaming of a day to come in which they should stand side by aide with claimants for the civic crown, and in which the same hand should dispense to these and those their appropriate due, in presence of the youth and age, the wisdom and the beauty, the active ambition and the beneficed scholarship of their country. It is only institutions like our great Universities that have the rare privilege of being able to confer such rewanla, and to create such exquisite mo ments of gratification ; for it is only they whose impartiality and comprehensiveness can be said to be equal, and whose intellectual authority and benevolence can bo said to be undisputed. Few, we think, will be disposed to take excep tien to the distinguished persons whose mimes are grouped together in this week's chronicles as having been selected by Cambridge as the special object' of its favour. The days are gone by when honorary degrees were wont to be conferred ex clusively on men of particular opinions. The names we published yesterday refute for ever, were it necessary, all suspicion of the kind as re gards our second great seat of learning. The pre dominant tone and feeling in the governing body there is well known ; but we who dissent from that tone have all the more pleasure in testifying to the generous freedom from intolerance by which the Senate of Cambridge at the present day is honourably characterized. Times are happily changed sines the present Bishop of Sr. Dsvie's was dismissed from his tutorship, without inquiry or appeal, for having dared to sign a petition in favour of the admission of dissenters to equal privileges with churchmen, and thereby driven, not unhappily for the world of letters, but most disreputably for the character of univer sity government as then constituted, to devote less of his ability to the personal instruction of youth and more to the composition of works like the History of Greece. To-day we have another and still more outspoken investigator of the same classic annals, Mr. Gam; sought nut by the Uni versity to be the recipient of its highest honorary distinction, and presented spontaneously with the academic title of LLD., along with ex-ambassa dors, theologians, and men of abstract science, in pretence of the Heir to the Throne, and amid the plaudits of a great assembly. It is not unworthy of notice here, that notwithstanding all the csnservative predilections of Cambridge, testified not obscurely on this very occasion by the ejaculations and cheers with which the Senate House was made to ring on Tuesday last, the two names which above all com parison were must warmly greeted were those of Lord Euils and Mr. GUM. We also con gratulate sincerely those who value the privileges of the republic of letters apart from those of na tinnal literature distinctively considered, that amongst the honorary degrees conferred on the present occasion we find that granted to the elo quent historian of the Dutch Republic, Mr. Movir.v. It is a fortunate omen, that at a junc ture like the present, when America is rent by internal conflict, the ancient University of Old England should choose one of the most eminent men New England has produced as an especial object for literary ennoblement. We do not further dwell on the personal claims of those who were the recipients of the University ho nours during the last few days ; but we cordially congratulate the men of science and of letters, the men of action in the Church and in the State, the men who undertake to chronicle the past, and the men who essay to shape the future by word and deed, upon the establishment of a common bro therhood of distinction and a common test of honour. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 23, 1861. AMERICA. NEW YORK, NAT 11. (Per Bremen rid Southampton.) The forward movement of national troops on Baltimore has commenced. Large bodies of troops from the South are also advancing into Virginia. Senator Wigfall has announced that 100,000 southerners are on their way to Washington, and that President Lincoln and his cabinet will be cap tured unless they retreat before the middle of June. Active preparations are going on in all the northern states, and troops from every point are advancing iu the direction of Washington. The executive at Washington are actively pre paring for the emergency. - - Western Virginia holds out strong against seces sion. Some soldiers of the national army have sur rendered to the rebels in Texas, and Colonel Waite is also in their hands as a prisoner of war. The north-western states are very firm and loyal to the Federal government. An Associated Press despatch states that a slave insurrection Lad taken place at Frankfort., Ken tucky, and that 400 armed negroes were committing depredations. They were supposed to be led by whites. Assistance had been telegraphed for from Indiana. The militia company of St. Louis, having been supposed to be hostile to the Federal government, has been disarmed by Federal forces. The mob fired on the Federal troops, who returned the fire, killing 20 of the populace, including two women and several children. The Maryland legislative committee have adopted resolutions condemning the Federal policy, but re cognising their obligations to the Union, and re questing the President to cease the war until Con gress assembles. The cutter Harriet Lam Lae captured a priva teer. The Governor of Kentucky has issued a procla mation calling for a convention of the people to declare for or against the Union. The latest advices from Fort Pickens state that six federal war vessels were off the fort, and the secesaiouists were preparing for an attack. A convention has been called hi Western Vir• ginia,to form a separate state and jo;•1 the Union. - A Ship has arrived in New York from Bermuda on the 2nd inst., and reports passing the frigate St. George, with Prince Alfred on board, entering Bermuda. The Great Eastern arrived in New York at 11.30 a.m. to-day (11th instant). Abe Court. OSBORNE, MAY 22. The Queen and Prince Consort, with Princess Alive, Prineeas Helena, and Princess Louise, and Prince Louis of Hesse, drove out in ►n open c►rriage yesterday afternoon. Colonel Seymour attended on horseback. The King Of the Belgians, accompanied by the Count of Modem, arrived at Osborne to-day on a visit to her Majesty. Lord Hanle, Lord.in•Waiting to the Queen, and Major Du Plat, Equerry to the Priem Consort, went to Dover yesterday, to attend the King to Portsmouth. His Melody left Dover at bollix's! eight o'clock, this morning, and travelled by a special train. At Portsmouth the Prince Consort. accompanied by Prince Lode of Hews, met the King, and immediately embarked with His Majesty and the Count of Flanders in the royal yacht Fairy for Osborne. A guard of honour received His Majesty at the station at Portmouth. The suite in attendance on the King of the Belgians and the Count of Flanders comprise the Count do Moerkerke, Major Burnell, and Dr. Koepl. Ifer Majesty's Commissioners for the Exhibition of lAG2 met yeatenlay at their offices in the Strand. The Building Committee met on Tuesday at South Kensington Museum, The Commissioners have appointed the following com mittees 1. 112 connexion with Class XL (Military Engineering, Armour, and Accoutrements, Ordnance, and Small Arms), Major-General the Hon. Jame; Lindsay, M.P., Colonel Shafto Adair, Suffolk Militia Artillery; Captain Tyler, Major Porter, R.E., Lieut,Colonal A. Lane Pox, Grenadier Guardi a ; aai Captain A. C. Tupper, Brocknock slifre Rifle Militia. 2. In connexion with Class XIIL (Philosophical Instru ments and Processes depending es their use), Sir David Brewster, F.R.S., Professor B. C. Brodie, F.R.S., Mr. Charles Brooks, F.R.8., Dr. Carpenter, F.A.S., Dr. Frea ked, ERA, Mr. Francis Galion, 1.R.5., Mr. J. P. Oar riet, F.R.8., Professor Tyndall, F.R.S., and Profess, Wheatstone, F.A.S. The Chem . : 410 r of the Exchequer arrived at his residence is Downing-street, yesterday, from a visit to the Leacher Dowager of SutherLubd, at Cliefden, near Maidenhead. ARRIVAL OP THE RING OP THE BELGIANS A r OSBORNE. PORTSNOL'TH, MAT 22. His Majesty the King of the Belgians arrived today from Dover on a visit to her Majesty at Osborne- His Royal Highnem the Prince Consort, accompanied by Prisms Louis of Besse, left Osborne shortly before eleven o'clock this morning, and embarked as board the Fairy for conveyance to Portsmouth dockyard. On passing through *Mused the royal ensign was saluted by the ships of war at anchor there, namely, the Edgar, Donegal, Hero, and Tra falgar, which manna yards and were decorated with parti coloured bunting. The Prism Coined and his companion landed at the King's Stairs, and proceeded in a carriage through the north-emit gate of the dockyard to the Lemdport Railway to receive the King, why. arrived per special train on the Mouth Coast Railway shortly after twelve o'clock. The . party returned by the SWIM route to the dockyard jetty, sod were received by Vice-Admiral W. Bruce, Rear-Ad mirabt Erskine and Grey, Major-Ckineral Lord W. Paulet, Colonels Theckwell and Somerset, and various other officers of the port and garrieon. The royal party embarked on board the Fairy, and left the harbour amidst the salutes which they received on their arrival from the ships-of war and garrimin. The Marquis and Marchioness of Carmarthen bare arrived In taws. The Earl and Countess Delawarr and family are expected to ante. fa England from Italy early in the enru• jag month. Viscount sad Viscountess Palmerston return to town to-day ban socket, where they have been receiving company, amonipt whom were the Dowager Count.** of Taskervdle, Count Plates, Visconet Chelsea, Viscountess Jocelyn, Colonel and Mrs. Jocelyn, the Hos. Evelyn Ashley, Lady Victoria Ashley, lord Asoselry, Mr. Hayward, and Mr. Alfred Montgomery. Viscount and Viacounteaa Dungannon are ex pected to arrive in Graftoo-street to-day. Lord and Lady Oartlner have left towu for their villa soar Maidwa load. Lady Jane Walab's ball will take place on Fri day, Joss 7. Jiarou Wilds and Lady Mary Wilde havo arrived at task madame I. Gralks-otraa. Geoend and lady Buten Reeve and the Mimes Rowe have arrived at the Burlington Hotel, Corkotreet, Gem Torquay. Lady Monlannt's assembly will take place on Mondry, June :1, inetend of Wednesday, the 51h pmzimo, se peweiwasly sasciumed, Lady Campbell has arrived at the Queen's Hotel, Upper Norwood, from Southampton. Mr. Hepworth Dixon is advertised to deliver a lecture m Lord Bootee Confession, at the Southampton Atheneum. The Fellow; of the Medical Literary Society meet to-morrow 'wooing, at the moms of the Juridical Society, 4, St. Martio's-pisce, Trafalgarequare, when Dr. Forbes Winslow, the provident, will deliver an addnies on "Medicine, in its relation. to *trues and Literature." Mr. Robert Archbold, a commercial traveller con nected with a Lossloo house, died suddenly of apoplexy, es Tuesday, in a bookeeller's shop on Ormorebquay, He felt ill while passing the house, entered, asked for a shear, and expired in a few minutes. He had been stopping at the Commercial Hotel, Suffolk•street. An inquest was leld by Dr. White, city coroner. The deceased had in his rya elelliOn a cues containing 47 gold watches, (13 silver watches, ' and a large sum of money. He stated that he resided, at Newiogtnu, Surrey. FUNERAL i,r THE LATE DUKE Or BEDFORD.— Yesterday the remains of the late Duke of Bedford were interred in a simple and unostentatious manner in the Bedford Chapel of the parish church of ('henies, Barks. The body was removed on the previous night in a beaus and four, from Wobura, at nine o clock, and arrived about four o'clock yeaterdav morning at Cherries, whoa it was taken to the Eactor:y . house of the Rev. Lord Wriothesley Rural, his grace • balf-hrother. On the coil% being brought out for the interment, it was met be the Rev. Samuel Francis Cumberlege. M.A., incumbent of Woburn, and the Sc.. Joseph Matthews, curate of Chenies, habited in their surplice., and eighteen clergymen in their acade mical gowns, amongst them being the Venerable Dr. Tattaro,reetiw of Stanton] Rivers, and Archdeacon of Bed ford, the Rev. Lord W. Russell, the Rev. Henry Hutton, M.A., rector of St. NA'S. Covent-garden (formerly in cumbent of Woburn), the Rev. B. Burgess, the Rev. A. Y. Aylend, and the Rev. E. W. Cooke, librarian to the late duke. The proeseslen metered Chaska Church. which is ender restoration, by the west door, the chief mourner, hang Lord John Russell, M.P. Lord Charles Russell, Lord Alexander Rumen, Loot Edward Russell. the Mar quis of Abereorn, Lord Foley, the Earl of Harrington, Mr. Hastings Russell, and the Ron. E. S. Russel. The stayer and corporation of Redford also attended at the eemseet. of the family. In the church wars upwards of 100 ° lib, late lake's tenantry all Isabited in defy mourning. ROYAL CoLLEM: or SURGRAINA EOE NGLAND.— The following gentlemen baring undergone the neeemery examination. for the diploma, were admitted members of the college at a meeting of the Conti of Examiners on the 21st meat viz.:—Mere. William Lanham Thomas, Horsham, Sussex (L&A. 1R10) ; John Smith, Gillingham, Meet (L. S. A., OW); and Charles Gardner, Toronto, Canada West. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. ITALY. ROME. The Independanee Beige says :—" From accounts which we have received from Turin it appears that the Italian government has rejected the conditions upon which France consented to evacuate the city of Rome—namely, that the territory of St. Peter should remain to the Pope, and that Italy should guarantee him possession of it ; that the ter ritory should be left to the care of Pontifical sol diers, the Italian troops remaining at least five kilo metres from the seat of the Papacy ; that the Romans should be Italian citizens, but should exercise their political rights out of Rome ; and that the French troops should occupy for a short time longer Civita Vecchia. The Cabinet of Turin not being able to subscribe to these conditions, things will remain for some time longer in state quo. However, the recognition of the now king dom of Italy by France will not be delayed in consequence, but will take place, it is believed, in the course of the approaching month." • The Official Journal of Rome of the 16th says : " The King of Sardinia, in determining the admi nistrative powers of the lieutenants in the provinces of Naples and Sicily, has decreed that for the future the nominations and revocations of archbishops and bishops shall belong to the King. This regulation, which assimilates the divine institution of the episcopacy to revocable civil em ployments, has no precedent in history. It crowns the iniquitous excesses committed in the kingdom of Naples, in spite of concordats and the imprescrip tibia rights of the church. No protestant or schis matic, or even infidel government has ever dared as much." ROME, MIT 18. On Thursday the Pope made an excursion to Fiumicino, a little village near the mouth of the Tiber. He was received with much ceremony, and he reviewed the corps of artillery quartered there. Mgr. de Merode got together as many troops as possible, to waylay his Holiness at every station through which ho passed. These military demon strationa led the Pope to say, "Mgr. do Merode would make of me a Julius 11.—at least for re views ; but those times are gone by, and the Pope must now be a pacific king." At the opening of the session of the Academy of the Catholic Religion, Cardinal Gagiano made a speech, in which he denounced liberty of conscience as au "impious and infernal" thing. On the principle, "Flexere si nequeo superos, Acheronta movebo," he drew largely upon pagan authors for arguments in support of intolerance, and proved from Plato and Cicero that neither the Persians, Greeks, Assyrians, nor Romans had ever allowed religious liberty. (artreries ROME, MAY 21. The petition addressed by the inhabitants of Rome to the Emperor Napoleon, requesting the evacuation of Rome by the French troops, and bearing 10,000 signatures, has been despatched to Paris, notwithstanding the efforts of the police to prevent it. The text of the petition, which has been pub liahedby some Italian papers, is inauthentic. TURIN, Mar 22, Eviartiro. Prince Carignan and the Chevalier di Nigra have arrived here. NAPLES, MAY 21. A proclamation of Prince Carignan has been pub lished, in which he mentions the reforms he has carried out, and thanks the people and the National Guard for their co-operation. M. Ponta di San Martino, the new Lieutenant of the King, has also issued a proclamation, express ing his intention to govern with power, energy, and unity of action. He declares that all loyal citizens are in favour of the union of the Italian peoples. He requests the support of the country, and promises improvements in the public services. MILAN, MAT 22. Some agitation still prevails in this city. The demonstrations, originating in religious dissensions, assumed a subversive character. The mob were about to attack a liqueur manufactory, but the National Guard and the troops re-established order. MILAN, MAT 23, Evvreru. . . The city is now quiet. The Persererama cf to-day gives a formal denial to the statement of some Italian journals that Count Teleld, shortly before ho committed suicide, received a letter from Kossuth, informing him that the foreign cabinets were little disposed to support the movement in Hungary. TURKEY. PARIS, MAY 23. A despatch received here from Constantinople, dated the 22nd init., announces that on the pre vious day the International Commission held their first sitting at the residence of the Marquis de Lavalette, the French ambassador. HUNGARY. PlilfrH, KAY 23. The collection of the arrean of taxes by military execution is to be suspended, the Hungarian Diet having intimated its intention of provisionally covering the amount due until the question of the taxes has been settled. AUSTRIA. FIr3IF., May 22. The election of deputies from the district of Fiume to the Croatian Diet took place yesterday. Only 1,478 persons took part in the proceedings. RUSSIA. ST. PETERSBURG, MAT 22. The death of Prince Orlon, the President of the Council of Ministers, is announced. SPAIN. UADRTD, MAT 22. General Santana will remain in command of the military at San Domingo. THE C.U.CCTTA AND CHINA MAILS. MALTA. Mav 21. The Vectia, with the above mails, leaves at mid night for Marseilles. The Pera, with the heavy portion of the mails, leaven at 10 p.m. She may be expected at South ampton on the 30th ink,. OUTWARD BOMBAY MAIL. The Ellora trnm Southampton, May 12, reached Malta on the evening of the 2lat, and was to leave the next morning for Alexandria. POLAND. A despatch from Warsaw of the 14th states that • general disarming of the kingdom would shortly take place, and that even the number of hunting and shooting licenses would be considerably Thug measure is attributed to the fact that a great quantity of arms bad been introduwil into the country without the knowledge of the govern ment. On the 14th a notice was published at Warsaw, that as order bad not been disturbed since the Bth, people might go about the streets in the evening without lanterns. OOMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, MAT 10, Emma. The money market is very dull. Rates are unchanged. Sterling bills are more firmly held. The leading bankers ask 106 to 108 i. Some transactions are reported at 105. Stocks are not very active. New York Centrals closed to day at 721 ; Illinois Central, 84 ; Toledo, 24 ; Galena, 60. Exchange on London, 108; on Paris, 535 to 531. SOUTHAMPTON, MAT M. The Bremen, which arrived here this morning, left New York on May 11. She brings 246 passengers (of whom 17 are for England), and 4,500 dola. for England. NEW YORK. Mar 10. (Per %bait vi u te dem bee, Father Point, The Virginians have taken possession of the heights on the Maryland side of the River Potomac, and are engaged in fortifying them. A number of secession troops are there. The Virginians have also seized the steamer William Belden, which communicated between Old Point and Norfolk. A private letter states that the Confederate troops at Harper's Ferry are badly provided with arms and provisions. The Montgomery Congress is understood to be making arrangements in secret session for the vigorous prosecution of the war, and for placing the Confederacy in the best condition of defence. It is stated that it has sufficient ordnance, &c., at its disposal to put 150,000 men into the field for a year's campaign. The Pennsylvania Legislature has passed a bill for a loan of 4,000,000 dollars and fifteen additional requirements (1) beyond what the President has called for. The steamer Pembroke has left Boston with re inforcements for Fort Monroe. All the brieges except oue have been repaired between Baltimore and Waahington. Upwards of 400 vessels of the fishing fleet have passed Father Point. (LATEST BY TELEGRAPH TO FATHER POINT.) NEW YORK, MAY 11. The Great Eastern is now lyiugbelow New York. • The government is in treaty for employing her as a transport ship. General Frost's brigade of Missouri Militia, numbering 800 men, has been captured near St. Louis by Federal voluntee-s. . . On a rri v ing at St. Louis, the mob threw stones at the volunteers, who thereupon fired, killing about 20 people. The passage through Baltimore is now free. The rumour of a negro insurrection at Kentucky is said to have been unfounded. It is calculated that 300,000 volunteers Lave offered their services to the Federal governummt. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, MAT IL Stocks doll. Illinois, 64g ; Erie, 21g. Exchange on London. 104 j to 106. Cotton firm. Middling Upland, 14 to 141 c. Flour tending downwards. Wheat steady. Corn lower, bat closed sta,dy. The Africa has arrived out. NEW ORLEANS, MAT 10. Cotton nominal, with middling at lle. LONDONDERRY, MAY 22. The Canadian screw steamer Bohemian, which arrived here this evening, left Quebec on the 11th inst. She landed all mails, except those for Liverpool. On the 13th inst. she spoke the Nova Scotian. LIVERPOOL. Mar 22. The Liverpool, New York, and Philadelphia Company's steamer City of Washington, which sailed to-day for New York, took 207,0001. in specie. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (now on on commons:Rt.) PARIS, WEUNFAILLY EVECIKC. The great masonic election was brought to a close at half-past 3 this afternoon, and Prince Napoleon is elected Grand Master by a very large majority. This ignominious defeat of Prince Murat, after all his blustering and his comic coups d'itat, is a political event of much important*. In this contest Murat was the representative of the ultratuontanists, and Prince Napoleon of the liberal principles pro pounded in his celebrated speech in the Senate. The result shows that the Emperor still throws the weight of his authority into the latter scale. If the question be asked what have Freemasons to do with politics ? the answer is that for very existence —pro aria et foeis—they cannot but do all in their power to shake off the yoke of the ultra partisans of the Pope of the present day. The novetninent of the cardinals would send all the Freemasons to the galleys if they could get hold of them. The following is the copy of a letter from Prince Napo leon to a masonic deputation, by which he ulti mately accepted the candidature offered to him : Gentlemen,—l have received the letter by which yes offer to vote for me es Greed Master of your order. I feel this testinomy of your flattering confidence. Oa &comet of the bonds of relationship and friendship which subsist be. tween ma and Prince Murat I oould not at first come for ward in opposition to him. But now the letter signed by so many " ven6rablee," stating that they will not vote for the present Grand Master, changes my determination ; and I wish you to know, gentlemen, that I shall accept the office if your suffrages give it to me. The date of the above letter is not given, but I premune it must be anterior to the challenge already spoken of. The Bourse opened very well, but there was a sudden fall in the afternoon in consequence of a telegram from St. Petersburg reporting that Prince Gortchakoff protests against the French leaving Syria. The Rente closed at 60fr. 25c. for cash, and 69fr. 16c. for account, with a fall of 20c. and 15c. Mobilior fell 6fr. 250. In most of the rail way lines there was no alteration, but Orleans fell 3fr. 75c. ; Lyons, 2fr. 50c.; and Western, lfr. 25c. On the subject of the imperial prize, so unex pectedly awarded by the academy to M. Thiers, the Prose has a remarkable article by M. Peyrat, which not only adopts the obvious and as yet un answered argument that the academy had no mission to crown one of themselves, but, assuming M. Thiers to have been eligible, rudely denies his claims, and raises the question whether the cele brated history is not one of the many " false pearls" which a credulous public has too readily accepted. M. Peyrat affirms that the decision of the academy has " amused Paris and astonished Europe." The academy, he thinks, when they found it impossible to agree among themselves as to the merits of the three candidates among whom their first votes were divided, might have avoided ridicule either by declaring themselves incompetent, or reporting that they had not found a fitting recipient of the prize. But it was the height of absurdity in a society exclusively literary to award it to a work which " especially and notoriously is devoid of style and literary merit." M. Peyrat takes upon himself to affirm th►t, although opinions may differ as to the historical value of M. Thiers' work, there are not two opinions in France about M. Thieve considered as a writer. He proceeds to describe the "History of the Consulate and Empire" as a work " un finished and interminable "—stuffed with trivial and parasitical phraseology, doubtful, equivocal, or false statements, common-place or rash ideas, and vulgar and incorrect expressions. Comparing the merits of Madame George Sand and M. Thiers, the critic says : To the most brilliant, varied, supple, and harmonious style to be found among living writers, this lettered society prefers a monotonous, flabby, painful phraseology, without relief, character, or colour—in a word, it chooses is place of a magnificent style that which is no style at all. We humbly beg George Sand to accept our congratulations and compliments. As to the academy, it is yet competent to distribute the prizes so much coveted by the vanity of mediocrity ; but it is mach mistaken if it supposes that renown is in its gift. THE CONDITION OF SOUTHERN ITALY. (Fox ova ovne NAPLES, MILT 15. Two years have sufficed to modify very consi derably the feelings of the Southern Italians to wards the French. I remember the time when they were regarded as the liberators of the country, whereas they am now looked upon with undis guised suspicion ; and to tell the truth, there is great reason for the change, for the most vexations movements against the peace of Southern Italy are matured in Rome, where the French eagle flaps his wings over the Capitol • not only, therefore , is the unity of Italy impossible so long as this tate of things continues, but even the consolidation and quiet of the south. Bands of ruffians cross the frontiers, spreading terror and committing every kind of excess, and then recrows into the Papal States, where they find themselves under the pro tection of the papal authorities and the guarantees of the French. Such has been the character of the movements which I have recently reported to you, and you will readily admit how impossible is con solidation in districts so liable to such hostile in cursions. How great must be the exasperation of a people against those who, whether willingly or from want of power, permit such deplorable acts. It is whilst suffering from such excesses that the wishes of the people of the south tend even more strongly than those of the north to the occupation of Rome, or at least to the immediate departure of Francis 11. Their very existence depends upon it, and we see this from the fact that in some places the poor people are induced to sacrifice their hberty for the sake of tranquillity. "Francis 11., or any one, provided we can be at peace." This is very dangerous for the security both of government and people; and the Roman question can not be well put off consistently with the true interests of United Italy. Fresh details continue to reach us from the districts which hare been afflicted by the reactionists, showing the excesses which they committed, and all in the name of Francis IL In every instance priests have been mixed up with them, and of course it is from these gentry that the grea test opposition to the actual government may be expected, as it is just these persona whom the interest of the state requires to be put down with a strong hand. The Italian question is, as it has long been, a religious or ecclesiastical question. From Meters°, too, we have now tardy intelli gence of disturbances which, in the first instance, were of an agrarian character. A deplorable mas sacre was committed, and l•ere,too, a priest appears to have been most active in urging on the move ment. Indeed, all the movements in the country are in the first instance of a social character— people clamour for work, or bread, or, as at Mutest° for • different division of land, and then the political age It steps in, and gives a poli tical turn to the public discontent. "It is all the fault of the government of Victor Emmanuel. Since he came into power things have gone from bad to worse—bread is at famine price—Viva Francisco —arm yoursolves"—and then comes inoendiarisui and murder. Such, in a few worda, is the history of the reaction in Southern Italy. The great neces sity for this country is tranquillity, and in the hope of obtaining it the central government has been making efforts to prevent any campaign for this Year, but it may be doubted whether they have nut in this way given an opportunity to the friends of disorder to keep open a wound which must in time exhaust the strength of the country. The disposition and the capacity of the new go vernment to introduce improvements is sufficiently well attested by what has been done, and I cannot but allude again to the new postal arrangements which were introduced on the let May. Hitherto it has been the policy to suppress the very desire for all intercourse • reading and writing have be e n so discouraged tha t iu some places it will be diffi cult to obtain the necessary public officers under the now municipal law ; iu many of the commercial schools girls were prohibited from learning towrite ; and, as you know well, every kind of obstacle was thrown in the wa of travelling. The strongest possible impulse is, on the contrary, now given to communication by past and travelling, and the scenes which one now witnesses twice a day when I the couriers leave reminds one of the old mail coach days in England. We have official intelligence that the disorders which took place lately in the Terra di Lavoro are suppressed, and that tranquillity has been re-esta blished on the frontier ; but the same journal spftks of the breaking up of the National Guard of Castelcicala by the authorities on the charge of as sisting and providing the brigands. In the Ba silicata and the Calabrias ton, though we are told that the bands have been broken and dispersed, yet small bodies of men continue to go through the country, in many places destroying the produce of the land, so as to create want and discontent amongst the peasantry. TURKEY. (PION • COMSPONDIENT.) BELGRADE, MAT 15. _ I must tell you of the strange protest of the Turkish commandant of the fortress here aganiNt an article of our national journal, the Tirdo , i,/, speaking of the mission of M. Garatichanin to Cou. stautinople. The Pacha pleased to see in the article a kind of appeal to revolt against the government and army of the suzerain, and demanded, in con sequence, the seizure of the journal, the public chastisement of the editor, and the establishment of a censorship of the press. The Servian Minister of Foreign Affairs, M. Christich, declared that lie could not consider so impertinent a note as seriously addressed to him. There existed no tendency to revolt in Servia, and far less agitation than could be expected iu the disturbed state of all Selaconic Europe. The Servian press could give no pretext for remonstrance to any one capable of comprehending it'; and told the Pacha lie was inter fering in matters in which lie was neither in formed nor empowered sufficiently. The minister had then a personal interview with the Pacha, who declared that in what he had done he had not acted upon his own inspiration. Some foreign consul must have suggested the matter to the Pacha. Finding the Pacha's attack thus rebuked, the consuls, ho at least of Austria and another, came forward themselves to demand a censorship, not only of the press, but of the theatre. A drama, of which Heidrich Veljo wax the hero and the sub ject, has been very popular of late in Belgrade. This Heidrich was one of the heroes of the war of liberation, and his exploits, as well as his lan guage, draw forth loud bursts of applause from the Servian audience. The consular intervention proved not more successful with the Servian minister than the Turkish. Heidrich Veljo con tinued to be represented and applauded. This intervention havinggot wind with the public, the press has begun to expose the tactics of the anti-liberals. The Vider Dots has given a history of the political subservieneyof the government of Kant Georgewitach, which leaned upon the foreigner in stead of seeking to conciliate the Servian nation, or to safeguard its interests. The present government of Servia, affirms the journal, goes upon the national princi ple, but does not seek to exaggerate it. Se rvia has not excited disturbances in other coun tries, nor sought to take advantage of them. It bides its time patiently, and is merely anxious to be prepared, in case any great cataclysm should befall the East, in order that it may be able to de fend its rights and independence. So far, indeed, is Servia from fomenting at pre. sent the troubles in the Herzegovina, that it Las every reason to be satisfied with the reception that M. Garaschanin has met at Constantinople from the Turkish authorities and the European envoys there. The Turks have established a cordon to prevent the emigration of the Bulgarians. It continues nevertheless, and has become a serious source of embarrassment to our government; which cannot abandon children who seek refuge with it. The discontent of the Bulgarians with the Porte has been increased by the news from Constantinople, and the attempts made to seize the bishops. The government of the Sultan would do best to pretrial to be ignorant of these Christian differences. Al to the boast of the Bulgarians becoming converted to catholicism, it is absurd. The people want to be independent in the exercise of their religion, and neither be dominated nor fleeced by their religious superiors. To remain Greek, andrto be unmolested, is all they require. For of difference of dogma they know and care nothing. CORRESPONDENCE ON THE AFFAIRS OP THE DUCHIES OF SCHLESWIG AND HOLSTEIN. This morning a blue-book of 162 pages, con• taping the above correspondence, and including letters from the representatives of Great Britain at the different German and Danish courts, together with a variety of en. closures throwing light upon the proceedings both in Den. mark and Prussia, and also in the Germanic Diet, was issued from the parliamentary printing-office. The course taken by our government in this dispute has been fully explained by Lord J. Russell in his place in Par liament, and the publication of many of these documents in our columns would afford but little additional informs• lion to the public as regards the main features of the Eng. lash policy. The following despatch from Lord John Russell to Lord Cowley, written in February last, will chow the principles by which our Foreign Minister wax guided, and the policy of which be urged the adoption : " Foreignofce, Feb. 73. " My Lord,—The Count de Flabault has asked me, in the name of his government, to furnish him with an out. line of the views of her Majesty's government in reference to the affairs of Holstein-Lauenburg. At the request of the French ambassador, I proceed to communicate to you the general views of her Majesty's government on this no triads) question. As a broad principle, they consider that Denmark is in honour bound to redeem the pledges the gave in 1852. In the present stage of the negotiation the German confederation requires that the texas and the ex• peoditure of Holstein should be voted by the states of Holstein. Whether this has always been the rule of the German confederatimi may well be questiocel The German states of Austria, for instance, have uever apparently been brought under the operation of this nibs and other German states have complied with it rather in name than in reality. The principle, however, appears to her Majesty's government to be one which may fairly be applied to all the states of the confederation. A represent. tative assembly is, according to our ideas, the proper authee city for sanctioning a budget of taxes and expenditure, nor in the opinion of her Majesty's government would Den mark have any camas bah against Germany should the cos. federation bring Holsteio under the operation of this rula even by a federal execution. But a practical ilifBmlty occurs on the point often raised, how is Holstein to be charged with the proper proportion of the general expenses of the Danish monarchy? It has been proposed that the sums necessary for this purpose should be voted by an assembly in which Denmark, with. 1,500,000 population, Holstein, with 500,000, Schleswig with 430,000, and Layne burg with 80,000, should each have an equal number of members. But this scheme, though it may have a show of justice, is evidently unfair to the people of Denntirt. Another pile, which wee put forward in Holstein, *ed./ give the diets of Holstein, Schleswig, and Laueuburg equal power with Denmark to sanction or refuse the taxes and estimates for the year. But this plan is so cuml.reas and uncertain that, if ever put into operation, it mold only serve to paralyse the Danish monarchy. The eon• del. put forward by the Danish government that the diets of Holstein and Denmark should each contribute a lived sum for the general expenses of army, navy, and civil list, leaving the remainder to be voted according to the dee cretioa of each assembly, seems far more P.,000 able. It would be necessary, indeed, to restrict the sum within narrow limits, perhaps not Mae than two-thirds of the amount proposed by Den' mark ; to have the accounts submitted to the diet of Holstein as well as to that of Denmark ; and to give feud rights to each assembly to refuse ally sums which might be asked for, exceeding the stipulated contingent. This is 6 rough outline of the term* upon which Germany and Hol• stein might agree, if they wished for egreement. Nothing is here sail of Schleswig. The duchy of &Maori; is I Danish duchy, and although both the honour sod the terest of Denmark require th.t.t Schleswig should be eq uita• bly treated, the King of Denmark could not without .I.te_;er treat with Germany respecting the terms to be civet' to that duchy. Since this despatch was written, it has been stated that the states of Holstein have been summoned to meet on the 6th of March, co that some time for delibera tion will bo obtained. Your Excellency may read this despatch to M. Thouvenel, and say that it has been written in consequence of H. de Flabault's inquiry. I am. ke.. (reigned) "J. Reso.m.t.." On the 11th of March Mr. Paget transmitted from Copenhagen translations of the King's notification to the Holstein states, the draft of a provisional arrangement to take effect on the Ist of April, 1861, and the draft of special constitution for Holstein. "The special eonstitto tion for the doily," says Mr. Paget, "appears lobe drawn up in entire aeroplane* with the wishes expressed by the states of Holstein In their report of March, 10 1 , eel to give every security to both civil and regions liberty." With the documents referred to by Mr. Paget the correspoodeno domes. 2'h, lector Coen, chary; The 'loved Inl aervi c , last fo stsodii reeei;i itself° bra ai accoun seep re OW &&ft !nand utgly r It w 'Aloft