The Express. — London, England, 1850-08-20 00:00:00

gne erairtoo. OUTGOING MAILS. TM mails fur British Needs Maserms. Dermal and site Gaited Slates will be made ep oa Ammo W. The mtils for British N rib Berut.:da. sad the Usitrd rloatiri wain be made up en the evening oi August 23. The wale MA Mareedies. tot e n Sedmeravveli. *SIP% Goyim, lad* Horig-Koag, se.. will be made lap oa abe aiming of Sarum 21. made Spai The maile for Lisbon. n. sad Gibraltar will be • as ibv miming of August 17. TM {Vat eseleliop Weaves. Naomi Sa vannah. and I armed (et. DOMille0). Ihr hid jag VIM • II eels, New Granada, wad Grey Tows (Si Juan de Siemer") will be made up est the morsisto of dtptombrr 2. The mails for Meziee will be malle up ca September 2. Ib. made ter Mader* tbe Startle. and Hamm Ayres. will be made up on Me 'resins of Sept 4. Tb. mails 1 s H minuets, Radon'. Nom. Jamul, • and Perumill be mode up oaths morning of Sept 17. The mails tor Gibraltar, Salta, Greece, tba Leman 'alias% 111(Gpt, Ceylon. India. and China, sea Sostbamptos. will be mode op oa tbe moraine of Sept. 20. atom wa:ms AT I.OXDON MUMS& Tres Day —llming. Ifs SP. AAw■+■. tl■ No. ASYrnsona. IL *IL LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 20. Titanium is an noprefita. le trade. After four years' trial it grows plain that there is nothing to be made of it. The position is equivocal, and the result ansatie r actory. It entails too many of the liabili ties of pertnership, without any of its compensating Incidents; and too mu'h of the nee.ssary outlay of capital in the way of opposition, without an adequate share of its popularity or favour. It is due to these who have hitherto curried on the business in querion to acknowledge the spirit and pereeveiance which has hitherto characteriend their efforts ; and though uofortunate their enterprising attempt to gain a distinct and in dependent toeing, we doubt not that persons of such business habits as ABERDEEN, GLADSToNis, and Co.. would form a valuable acquisition in a suitable department of any of the existing political concerns who re there may be room for them. This appears to he hardly their own impression re garding themselves; if the long advertisement in the shape of a leading oracle in Saturday's Tinies may be Liken as a correct exposition of their preteueions and expectatione. They fully admit, tis true, that all their doings to check or gu tie the holders el office, have been nothing worth. But then they contend strenuously that their better established neighbi.urs, "The Farmers' ' Friends," have not been a whit more potential. There has been, in hie, no opposition. All the fine speeches and rash votes given by the two tory sections, mead or together, have gone for nothing. Equally unblessed have been the inteemittent liairons with the envied whigs. From neither have the trimmers neared any thanks; they are consequently quite disgusted, and unaffectedly wish to charge their condition. We quite understand and believe them. Tory are ready for place if they ctuli get it by help of an unnatural aninnpt liberals and %mesterei combination with them. Or, failing that, they are ready to make peace with their natural allies the bigots and squires, in order to recorstitu'e what the country Las never lacked before since 1684 —a strong parliamentary opposition. The c. limns of our coteempr rary ate appropriately chosen ee the medium of putting teeth to the world the prospectus of this new compact. The disasters which have befallen both actions since they quar relled is 1846 are frelingiy enumerated; the diffi culties in the way of either retrieving its position are candidly avowed. A few plums are tbr.awn in to ap pease too rhetoricians—STANLEY and DialtALLI ; bat what after all can mere fire-workers like these achieve for their followers ? Without tt,e real men of business, the Gol:LbraNs, TuzsiOLnS, CoisYS, and CLEJLEs, what signify talents in a debate, er numbers in a division ? Taps, especially red tape, is the thing. It was the staple of the trimming ; the tole article offered for sale. Tree, it did not bring the price ex pected,—the whigs being. as they fancied, over stocked with genies, the radicals bavirg adopted the primitive principle of " every man his own political leader, - and the prateetionittl having vowed against encouraging anything nut purely of Bullish menufac tare. Nevertheless the day for tape must come. The demand ter it must revive. The only practical qnecinn is who will have the sense to secure the tr.tu-e cock by a prompt bidding, and thus mike sure of their political fortune. For who can doubt that two opposition negatives would irre sistibly form an official affirmative ? Or, that how- Kir vain Lord ABERDEEN and Lord STANLEY, Mr. OLAD3ToNE and Mr. DeitAELI may have hitherto unLed io one and the WWI band on all subjects, they would soon overthrow all opponents and crash all corerttitoes? To this red, therefore, the unhappy protectionists are umewhit brusquely bidden to cast away all thoughts of eliding scales, Cr fixed duties, and to em brass any common stand ard of toeyiem which may be speed upon. What this latter may be, signifies nothing. No difference is likely to arise on that accoun.. The first point is the essential one, to renounce all hope cr belief in getting back to monopoly in food. And the reason urged is highly characteristic. It is not that monopoly is in the 'kb street wrong, or in practice inadmissible. It is set because the tory minority feel bound in honour, or because the tory majority are becoming convin ced. ' The ratiunale of the fraternal reconciliation is intense and el:mingled fear. If a corn law were re-imposed, the prop!. would annihilate those who undertook to rob them : so that there is no use in fretting any more about lost pleader; mute better combine together as in old times, and see whether there is not something else, or somebody else, to be done. A very shrewd, and withal a very frank, way of putting the ease to the protectionists—we must say. One obstacle, and that somewhat of large size, mems, however, to interpose. What are the inele gant and inexpert county members to say to the helms when, face to face upon the )•ustings, they ask a renewal of their larliamentary lease, at next general election ? So long as the ghost of departed protection is believed, or even said, to walk o'nights in St. Stephen's aisle, a certain reverential air of mystery may be kept up on the subject, and sceptical questioners can be silenced by an uplifted forefinger or a reproachful frown. 'Ti., wonderful by what trite and commonplace expedients the nasals of here ditary conjuring are awed. Bat what is to be done if the wand and enchantments are all laid by—nay, publicly flung into the fire P Farmers have not hitherto been very exacting in the shape of landlord logic. They have neither asked how protection was to be recovered, nor insisted upon knowing when. All they begged to be assured of was, that "My lord" and " Biz Blunderer" were determined "to go for it As long as they were told that it was "a-coming," they agreed to continue bleeding high rent at every pore, and voting for any ooxoomb of quality who was sent them per rail from town. But what will the exhausted believers think, my, and do, when they are told that their friends having turned their official servants oat of doors some time ago, because they Were caught loosening the hinges, and drawing the bolts of monopoly, they are about to invite the mom ream to take their old places again, —not as paid= kr penitence, but to prove bow unjust they themselves have been P IT is singular that government should have so long delayed to chum sad appoint the now paid Beck sisstical Commissioner. It is pretty well known that the Archbishop of CANTKIIISURY is . prepared with his choice. Great and important questions await the decision of the new commission. But as the proems of two paid commissioners is declared necessary by the new law to the validity of any act, hardness is pare!) sed, and government hesitation stops the way. We have not been .paring in our censures on the defunct commission. And we by no miens regret this severity. The idea of an irresponsible body MU:tripling or affecting to admininter ouch exten sive en 4 such sacred interests, and each mean taking advantage of his irresponsibility to be coulees and to devolve everything upon a secretary, who bat too naturally, when in each a position, abased his trust—such a system deserved to be exposed and scouted much more universally than it has been. However, parliament, banag done justice by the old commission, constituted a new one. We have signalis d the wilful blunders even of this redeem, which hu still left the episcopacy predominant in an administration, to which it would be more in accord ance with the episcopal character to remain a stranger. Let us hope, however, that what has beset gained will prove a boos. The appointment el laid commissioners fixes them with the responsibflity, and although a control on the part of the general body is reeereed, yet it must be hoped that public opiates would sufficientl support the mem rre, were its reasonable nquire y ments overborne by the episcopate. After all, there is no denying that considerable Improvement has then effected. If we look back thirty years, we shall fled the Church of England andonbtielly the wealthiest and the worst governed eburch in Christendom. Is spiritual head enjoyed as Income of 30,0001. a year, and the four next sees avenged 13,0001. a year, while the Chancellon of *a provinces of Canterbury and York, and a host of slosewrists and holders of nominal offices in the gift of either archbishop enjoyed incomes so enormous, that it was well worth while to nominate archiepiscopal infants to the re versions of such appointment t the fortunate ✓eversioner being bred up in idleness as a means of jasliiag him for the due performance of his office — pluralists, reverend and right revere nd, almunded; a minims of money amassed by a prelate excited rather tAraiestion than disgust; archdeacons meekly declined bishoprics, possessing already more than episcopal revenues; while golden rectories and golden stalls and charity truster ships, &Ceded princely incomes and princely . residences. Less glittering prizes re warded services at the hustings or on the bench, or colloquial skill, or post-prandial celebrity. The mere scholar or pions parish priest seldom attained beyond the rectorial curacy of some more worldly school fellow, while the lowest class of clerical degradation was to be found in the holders of the miserable pittances—varying from 201. to 801. a year, paid to the perpetual curates of the episcopal and cathedral livings. No smali part of the funds for augmentation will be taken up in est;sfying the claims of those parishes of which the great tithes form the endow ment of bishops and church dignitaries. Of ten thousand benefiees seven thousand received ote third of the revenues of the whole number, while three thousand took the remaining two-thirds; the former averaged 1501. a year, the latter avenged 7001. a year, end of these latter it not nufnquently happened that one dignitary held no less than four. limy years may yet elapse before the last pluralist aims to eicumber the benefice he neglects, but it is en couraging to see how many steps have been taken is a right direction, and how much is at least in coarse of reformation. The united erchiepiscopal inners have been reduced from 45,0031. to 26,0001., and the income of the whole bench has been dimi nished 50,0001. a year, while all deaneries, canonrise, and comrnendams Lace been separated from the sees; @innate rectories have been suppressed, and 14,0001. a year from that source is, as it falls in, applicable to the augmentation of poor livings; pluralities have been practically abolished ; s'necnre ecclesiastical offices nave been reduced and are in course of extinction ; a new distribution of canonical funds has diverted large amount of income from cathedral to parochial purposes; 44,0001. a year is already paid by this communion in augmentation of poor living., in addi tion to 31,0001. a peer under Sir ROBERT FREI:3 act; the whole of which 73,0001. a year is derived from Use sinecure rectories and suppressed moonrise. Mach, very much, yet remains to be done both in the sup pression of abuses and in the consolidation of the com missions by which these changes are being carried out; but nevertheless, great changer, which fee hesi , ate to call, great improvements, have been effected ; and it is to be hoped that the new eccle siastical commission may set about its work wi ardour. We wait for the names of the new commis sioners with much expectation, so much will depend upon their character and precedents. These commissioners are appointed chiefly for the purpose of managirg the estates of the commission, and one of their first duties will be to consider and determine the much-vexed lessees question. This question has been agitated for fifteen years, and has, in the course of that period, assumed very different phases, but the point at present is narrowed into comparatively little eomptat. The church estates are, for the most part, leased out for lives or years, sod the outstanding term varies from fourt,en to fifty years. The practice of the Ecclesiastical Commission has been to charge for the interest of the church (if the lessee desired to boy it) the full present vales of the reversion, and also the value of the change of the leasehold term into a freeLold possession—a process which lett to the lessee no induce -out to enfranchise, as it allowed to him only the value of his leasehold Interest as leasehold. The Episcopal and Capitular Commis sion, on the other hand, in their late report, advise that the lessee shall be allowed to estimate his lease hold interest as if it were freehold, and to buy, in the case of lands, the reversion at about three-fourths its I present value. As this reversion is now the endow , ment of the working clergy, any proposition dimin ishing the amount capable of appropriation to that purpose requires to be narrowly regarded, and the rather as the committee sitting to protect the claims of the lessees numbers so many members of both houses of parliament as to suggest the pos-ibility that parliamentary ir.fluence may be exerted to outweigh the claims of the parochial clergy. The crown and the bishops, se poisoning conauterable ecclesiastical patronage, are, however, as well as the public, inter ested in this question, and we confidently trust that the Estates Commissioners of the Ecclesiastical Com mission will succeed in settling the long-dispated question in such a manner as to deal fairly and l►be rally with the lessees, without diminishing the funds capable of appropriation to the augmentation of poor WILLIAM Ross was executed on Saturday. We have no right and no wish to question the motives which determined those who possessed the power to save his life to abstain from using it. We entertain no doubt that they acted conscientiously, and that the discharge of what they deemed their duty cost them a painful effort. Still we must be allowed to doubt whether, in the circumstances of the cue, they have exercised a wise discretion. _ _ . Two thousand inhabitants of Yolk, including the mayor and others of the most respectable citizens, memorialised government in his behalf. Many of his neighbours also memorialist d : those of his own class who must have had opportunities of watching him and knowing his character; and also some of the wealthier ranks, who cannot be suspected of having been under the influence of class teenage. The declarations of witnesses transmitted along with the memorial' were of a nature —we express ourselves guardedly—to inspire strong doubts of his guilt. Government maw the necessity of instituting farther inquiries before the man was allowed to be exe cuted. These inquiries were, however, conducted by the committing magistrates, with do sed doors ; the public and even the prisoner's solicitor were excluded. We cannot learn that say answer has been returned to the memorialists, beyond the iadirect, though cer tainly very explicit one contained in the execution of the sentence. Government may be satisfied of the man's guilt, but no means have been afforded to the numerous and respectable individuals who doubted it, of arriving at the same conclusions with govern ment, or even of knowing the proems by which go vernment arrived at them. The phenomenon of convicts inserting their inn°. nonce with their last breath is no uncommon one. It has been so often sitnemei in the cases of criminals proved beyond the possibility of doubt to be guilty, that in ordinary circumstances it has ceased to make any impression. But if the numerous memorialists in behalf of WILLIAM Ross have been in MOT no care has been taken to disabuse them. The strong aver ments which led them to believe him innocent have been secretly investigated by the very parties who may possibly have deemed its assertion an imputation on their of capacity; the memorials in behalf of the deceased have been without any attempt to show that they upon misapprehension. Matters standing thus WILLIAM Rosa's dying decla ration of innocence fell upon can predisposd to be lieve him, and consequently his execution must have left an Impression on the public mind exactly the re verse of what was intended. Ross has gone to hi. Wt account ; no hrther efforts can avail him: and we are the lam disposed to dwell upon th; th r e if e tion as it columned him pen:m any, since an we scald say mast redact upon ohne, which we •no wish or title to do. But the &misname of his cues appear to afford an illustration of a defect in our judicial system, by ad =forto wbisk nevi°, may be done to all who may be plead in a similar condition. This is Olilt moan Jar reverting to the painful subject. Th e vi v a t t a pub lic prosecutor in Ragland has du n seamy commented upon, but with a view to the obstacle* it throws in tL ies vra l : l of ,aeaviatiag the guilty. The want of oath a public fanetiseary is, perhaps, still more to be regretted on THE EXPRESS, - TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 20, 1850. aceosat of the holiallmi it may at times afford to the soodessaatioa of the Meese& Penal prosseatioes are the musts of the m e w & pot of bedieiffsals. The patio** and punts nient of offeadas by pewees elf law rush of a Molt compact between the injnred and the state. fie former forego the right to redress their own wrens, which in a state ,of mime 411 m. Weald peewee, • condition that the stet?. by Jesttumentality ol its judges sad ethic OfflouVoldnittie, sees right done between them. The private indiyidual foregoes all title to avenge himself: thc ,ctqte nadertakes so to deed with genders, thatt - they shall not be encouraged by this self-denial to penile is their,misdeeds. In order that the state may be . in a condition to fulfil its part of the bargain, it would require an officer, competent by ability and . acquirements, to the discharge of so difficult and delicate a task, and com pelled by a sense of the place he occupied in the public eye to set with justice and eircammectioe. But in Ragland we have no such officer. The task of promenUg is either devolved upon the injured parties or ts left to a subordinate set of functions:hie, the police, of whose reviler duties it is scarcely con sidered • part, and whose discltarge.of it in therefore remissly and leniently watched. The consequence is that sometimes crimes are pro stewed laxly and remissly, and %medium alleged crimes are eillowed up with .undue and vindictive efforts to procure a euvietioe. Parties seriously . in jured have been known to 'abstain from prosecuting, because of the trouble, loss of time, and ;expense it would entail upon them. In many districts them is no organised potion, and in others the police may be indisposed to take troubli that can scarcely be considered as a part of their duty. On the other hand, a spirit of enmity and image . may induce pri vate parties to impute criminal designs to accident ; and a bustling, ambitious official may seek to establish a character for seal and activity by making the mast of such cases as moor in his district. A functionary the importance of whose station impressed him with • constant sense of what he owed to public opinion would be less apt to err either on the one side or the other. We should thu be spared, on the one side, regret at seeing offenders *soaps with impunity • on the other, regret at seeing innocent parties exposed to prosecutions at the instigation of pante mac 3 or the bustling vanity of some pragmatical official. At the last Birmingham assizes, a teacher of a Sunday school wee convicted of the seduction of a girl, one of his pupils, under age. At the trial, counsel appeared to conduct the defence, bit no counsel ap peared on the part of the prosecution. There are few crimes against which society has more need to be de fended than that of which the criminal was convicted. It strikes at the very root of national morale, when in the very trainers of innocent youth its seducers may be suspected. And yet in the case to which we have referred, the result of the trial may almost be said to have been abandoned to acAdest. The cul prit had his legal defender, but The Intatere of the public were unrepresented. Had tikee then a public prosecutor, this could cot have happened. On the sue of WILLIAM Ross, left at it is in un certainty, we are not entitled to speak so decidedly. But we may boldly affirm, that had there been • public pre secutor, that n neertai nty could scarcely have e rested. Huss was committed by the justices on the strength of declarations made by his wife's relation., wi whom he 'toad at enmity. Tbe care of getting up the case appears to have been left to the local police. The disinterestedness of the pr i v at e accusers and the competence of the polio. are - bath called in question. A public prosecutor would not have been bible either to the suspicion of personal enmity, or to doubts as to his capacity for the discharge of his duty. No doubt. could have arisen, had a public prosecutor conducted the case, that sufficient grounds existed for a proteat tion, and that every allowance was made to which the accused was entitled. In such circumstances even those who deny the tight of society to take life in any me would no: have been haunted by the addition.! painful reflection that the sufferer may have been in nocent. Intimately associated with these reflections is an other consideration. It is asserted by the advocates of Ross's cause, that the evidt nos which they col lected subsequently to his sentence cJuld have been produced on his trial but for his poverty. If this averment be true, evidence to which less weight was attributed on account of its not having been con firmed by oath, and subjected to a rigorous cross examination is open court, might have received these corroborations had Itoss's pecuniary circumstances allowed of it. It is our boast as Englishmen that no man can be convicted in England except upon a fair trial in open court. The wealthy, indeed, may com mand a fair trial, for they can afford the expense of producing evidence. Nay, the dishonest plunderer may defray the expense from the money he has dis honestly acquired. lint what power has the poor man, be he innocent or guilty, to bring witnesses in his favour it may be a distance of sixty miles ? Even though witnesses might be found disinterested enough to appear for him at their own cost, they may be poor as himself and unable to carry thee good intentions into act. In Scotland there is not only a public prosecutor in the person of the LORD ADVOCATE, aided by his staff of Advocates Depute and the Crown Solicitor, but there is in every county and borough • Procurator Fiscal, charged with the functions of public prosecutor in his district. Again, in the supreme courts • limited number of advocates and writers to the signet are appointed at intervals to act for poor suitors, and • similar arrangement is made, unless we have been misinformed, among the practitioners in every sheriff court. In Scotland provision is made to smart the interests of the public against criminals, and at the same time to enable even the poorest 0 obtain all the assistance required for his complete defence. We are far from maintaining that the Scotch system is effi cient in all its minor details, or that it could be adapted without modification to our English forms of legal procedure. But the want of some analogous arrangement for the prosecution of offence@ in behalf of the public, and for enabling the very poorest to obtain a fair trial, is a grave reproach to our judicial system. • PARIS, [format BMus*. Tlis Lyme, as yea ate already aware, betwesalMe and ten on the morning of the 17tb. Toe warm, at the head of the municipal , council, the peeks*. sad General de Castellano, with string detashmenis Of_ sanity, accompanied him on the mad to Bourget. some distance from the well, of Lyons. TM mayor .thett • addreseed some words of myttrfareweli to the city'e parting pest: I .ltrisee," mid the worthy mop, 'sleeting the style most ratefel to the presidential air, after the Joy sassed by )eser present:sin our itelent eiq comas the .aehtese of swing you feet out so soon. Nut it calms our aria to think that you go to any the benefits of your pre. senee to seirghbonfing population', which are as impatient to receive. you as we were. Permit as, b fore your departureoo stye you, is the same of the ally of Lyons, the ensuranee that it will forget the ammo r.ble words which you have, with so much &Allude to the • cession, uttered at the bsoonet of Lyonrse oiromeree Yes, wo v.ply from the bottom of our hearts; yes, the lohnhitents of Lyons love Louts Napoleon as they loved the emperor, his mote." - " The President, seeming much moved at this allti siou to the elms of his speech on the day before, an lowered as nearly as possible in these words: _z Thanks, Mr. mayor; think., redeem n of the municipal &mad!. for the sympathetic settee: which you giddiest° me. I shall preserte a lariat recoil , aims of the cordial reception whisk you havelliren me ; -and I give you here the promise , that I will make ev.ry effort to vetoes' as soon as possible and pay another visit to the city of Lyons. The party arrived at Bourg at two o'clock. The peasants on the line of road made their appearance in bands, with flags and ribbons, and oak leaves in their I hate. At Bourg the President reviewed the troops , and distributeil'some crowns. The reception was as usual of a mixed character, but not unfriendly. Ile ' took his depoottre at four, hiving addressed the as- aembled authorities in a short speech. The party arrived at Loos-k-Saulnier shortly after ten. The circumstance of its being Savorday evening gave the working classes leisure to assem ble in large masses, and to swell the chorus of " Vive la republititv." Having retired early, and recruited hi - naelf by a good night's repose at the prefecture, the President attended mass next morn ing at 8. At 9 ho reviewed the troops of the garrison. and set out immediately after breakfast f.r Dole, where he arrived et 3. This small town is an import ant centre of the manufacturing districts, and contains a buoy industrious population. The cries of " Vire la republique " greatly predominated. Haying reviewed the garrison the President eat cut at four for Bevan goo, where he arrived at half-past 9. Tt.is capital of the department of Doubs is remarkable for its strong catholic spirit. was &moon that returned M. de Montalembert to the Constituent and to the Legiolative Ant mbly. M. de Montalem bert had now the honour of presenting the elect of six millions to his constituents. The bishop, at the head of his clergy, with UMW/ and banners, came to meet the Pn sident, who was also received by the prefect and the gent mil in command of the town. These arc the latest details which have been com municated by the telegraph this morning. The Prteidtnt will arrive to-day (19ta) in Belfort, and reach S reg-bourg no the 22nd. Several clfieers of the national guard at Strasbourg, who were appoin'ed to receive the President of the Ittpublic, bare given in their resignations rather than comulywith this duty. M. Morin :ho republican candidate, has been re , turned for t he canton of Thiron to the Council-general of 'he Eure-st-Loire. M. Duprom, the socialist can didatr, has been returned for the canton of Valence to the C ouncil-general of the Geer. Ltturs from Mulnouse state that, among other . testive preparations which are making for the temp ) Lion of the President, the manufacturers have obtained subscriptions for turning out their workmen in uniform, ; 1 to form the line along the Arcets,u wu the case on the tee; ption of Charles X. Perhaps the same uniform will serve; and under the eagles daubed on pasteboard perhaps thefrsr•de./is will he• still traceable. Every garret :tantalum a heap of rubbish which may serve, as recision demands, to receive the triumph►nt ruler of the hour. A bust of Louis Philippe lies there ; here one of the Emperor or of Charles X. A hammer and a pair of tacks will sccommodate the dost.wiped e lligy with an appropriate crown. The citizens of France are furnished with an assortment of royal lteg•fair properties, euitablu to all dynasties and forms of government. A private later, reec.ced by M. Baroche, from M. Blume, the Minister of Public Works, who accom panies the President, gives a high-flown descripticn of the reception of the party in the east. understand from a pod source that a member of the Committee of Permanerco hu received a letter from the Prince de Joinville, which contains an ex plicit declaration of his opinion that the question for France there can only lie between the legitimate monarch and the republic; but that a " republique princielre" is chimerical, and cannot last. "As to the monarchy of expedients, which we have had for 18 years, a second trial of it would be dangerous in the extreme." It should seem from this that Joinville has turned legitimist. M. Fould, the Minister of Finance, will set out on Wednesday for tt e PyrenCes. M. Houher, who has been to recruit himself at the baths of Vichy, will return on the 20th to take upon him, ad interim, the functions of minister of finance. SOUW4F.. tor Account. PAILI4 Avo. 19. 1 For - -- Money. Open hip Ilteneet.: Loscet. Closing. - "---, - - per Otota. 'le 50 'l' 55 65 58 65 53 50 53 60 per Coma. 97 iS '97 50 97 50 97 30 97 30 do. New Lose. .1 . .. .. .. pa Coat& N N N N a per (s.nte. . .. cN Itsdkance ea les i on :at sight, 25 30; KO day: : 9 23 'O. _ i FIR 0111{1 II 69 i' 38 63 58 63 54 50 6 per Rata 97 86 97 30 97 SO 97 30 S do. New !eras „, re 1110 n 14 pa Coat& “ . .. • 4 per Omni. . „ Itsehange ea !m es on :at el;ht, 25 30; 90 dap, 23 20. Belgian, 5, 1640 lOOl illossy. I Naples Rental — draw Do. 1141 ltlog „ Born= 13. n 1849 72,1 „ Do. — „ Do. 1350 Dn. 2 Piedmont 6 per Osseo. .4 80 „ Bank Shama a.. —Versailloirtsht 6411 1 4. HO: Ditto (heft bank). 50; Parts and Orleans. 7. 50; Teri. and Rouen, 590; and Slane, ISO; Avignon and liarreillert 180; Blasboorg and Bale, 117 SO; Orleans and Bordeaux. 30 ; North, 471 U; Paris and Was hours, 231 23; Tours and Nantes, 230; lluntereeu and Troyes, 95; Boulogne and Amiens, 182 50.. SWITZERLAND. A letter from Basle, of the 16th, states that the Federal Council has just adopted a resolutioo relative to political refugees. On the 20th of the present month a new clietribution of them is to be made amongst the cantons, according to the population of each ; the position of each refugee is to be carefully inquired into and ascertained, and each canton is to send in, within a delay of four weeks, a statement concerning such refugees as have not obtained an ex press authorisation of residence. After the let of September the pecuniary assistance hitherto given to the refugees by the confederation is to cease, and such of them as have no means of subsistence are to be obliged to work. Should any prove idle or ill conducted, the right of asylum shall be taken from them. The Tesino is to keep the Italian refugees. SPAIN. MADRID, AVOW)? 14. The board for arranging the settlement of the national debt has greet difficulty in coining to an understanding with the delegates of the Spanish bondholders. It was reported that M. Bertrand de Lhys, president of the junta for the arrangement of the debt, had made the following propositions to the delegates of the foreign holders : That the Spanish government shall admit the whole amount of the capital and convert it into 3 pm cent., with Won't daring four years; that the capital of the coupons shall also be recognised and converted into S per cent. stock, with I percent. interest daring four years; that at the expiration of the first four years the rate of interest on the coupons is to be increased by e or I, in such a manner, that at the end of eighteen years the capital converted shall bear 3 per cent. intermit, and the coupons le per omit. It is said that the delegates do not accept the conditions offered by the junta, and that they are not altogether to th e taste of the ministry. A Carlist band has appeared in the Masstramukandte the commend of a cabsoills, surnamed El M The military authority of Valencia ha iii detachments of troops in different diceotioos suit of it. MADRID, AUG. 14,—Thee• per ORM, 13 1 16 i after Reim, 33 cask 336 paper. leer per ORM, tat rive per Coats., 134 cosh ; after Bobs, 131 es at . . Game, 71 web. Passives, N esdi ; alter UK, • Bask at et. Iredisand. 86 mak. Bashes. es 60.40. , federated governmests to a unison opinion upon the HARVEST DISASTER. FL OODS le Under this date our correspitdent us 8: -... I t . recionstraction of the federal constitution, and by the made a so i l n em i n ts dr e c ir lsr cu a l t a i r on no o ts f th o e f general political undition of Germany. The protocol BELGIUM. " Au ka st e rran Peei go a v i government , NAMUR At 1. ; July 19, that the imperial court pledged its word that versed to-day the line the proposal of recalling the restricted diet was not my waysa,y a mot from Lille to this town, ell e7 n rchely heaver Peen, , le' hued upon any desire or intention of bringing Ger- nearly sixty miles all ge e many back to the earlier forms and conditions of its in some spots the water e xt end, awlaldi er.' li° ' 44l ' ill' ''t over the rail er ! political existence, bat, on the contrary, on a desire to itself to such an extent that w ere is fear tim t t ic, obtain a revision of the federal constitution conformed fires would be put out and t he the train be at a st u d to the necessities of the times, which revision it welted Mid. The aspect of the r. country is very pcia u l. et for its own part honestly and with all its might seek many places the of em to have been literati, to complete. The Austrian plenipotentiary, Count driven from th , it wo rk the waterer, half a fee of Than, repeated his declaration in th e above-men- wheat being cut and tied wits the wat er f honed sitting. half way up the stock as it stand extendire BAVARIA. the other half of the crop brie stands they 1,,e We have news from Munich of August 12. M. ears cf the corn just visible alL e t tl he aaell. ' w'bilif nit von der Pfordten, president of the ministerial council, flood. In other places the cu'what t a ntra" -- '"' left on that morning for Kissingen, where he will re- about. Thourands of acres of weer now 'lintel re main for three weeks. In his absence Count Bray each side of the railway, and might be t e will conduct the department of foreign affairs, lakes, were it cot for the rows of tree-t taken r ops t s .at nee the margins of the submerged &Ids lIAXONY. Here and thee the people were at work - '. op to their waist s i n ea , DRESDEN, Ace. 15. sties. to •mg rescue their property ; bat art, they The following rescript on tie provisional la of wo get, like that which now lies ',oak' at the " -'""" November 15, 1848, has just appeared : lee und e r err r have very little vela The fl w I "'" e. ee l s „en hea d set We, Frederick, by the grace of God, King of Saxony, wards Charleroi and the to. , Sambre as I write ' with Theeth consent of ear faithful states, do ordain as follow • !Da into the Meuse with double its most v I 'a: T"A . 1. privisional laws of Nov. 15, UR% with the mil'. its tide as yellow and turbid as a a ea . A •r - ' -11 ,- minces foundtd on them, collectively concerning alterations the rest of the country suffers as this porn , t: -I• ; • t r. , .' in the constitutional and electoral laws, are hereby 'bro. gated. 2. The provisions of the constitution of September 4 does, Belgium must be a buyer "` r of fortig i con ILL 1831, and the electoral law of September 4, 1331, likewise year, to make u her 1 p ones, the laws regulating the represintation of trades and ma nn- We receive accounts from the Belg ian rat a. factures, repealed by the aforesaid provisional law., are • re- which show that the disasters d • ' ." ' 4 stored to validity until the defied iv* r<vision of the constitu- (scribed by oar 0 pendent, writing from , tion of 1831 and the settlement by agreement of • new are general a.' electoral law. The ministry of the interior is el:gaged with the conntry. the execution of this decree —Signed with our hand and At Brussels the water has b seal at Dresden, August 13, 1850. FXRDERICK t7rit- ASiVs.— FeniOni anxiety. In -"I so hi ell IS many cf the sabot' e (Ceuntereigned) Baron RICHARD vox Farasere was five feet high. The quays otte r . e: ; 1 ,. I '; HESSE CASSEL had ho, n carried away by the ton- r t - 6 4 . ;: Letters from Cassel of August 12th are to the fol- drowrcd at ono piece. In the Fa •, .... g1 a•- ' 50 boaters had been thrown d L ' lowing effect : I. • •e• • ' ' own , T.. .,. number of cattle lee. Busts were ' t t The customs conference opened here in July will gating tl e streets in masses. Th wile', re • be protracted through the present month, and the of Anderlecht was still under water, le e , I date of its close is as yet an uncertainty. No inter latest aecounte. In the fish market,. lien t, caption of the sitting has taken place since the day occupation of Gerard and Co., canters. of opening. One of the plenipotentiaries once opened with an immense crash, and fell into tie the question wbctber, in the present unsettled state of At St. Jesse Tennoode, outside Bra-sel. Germany and her aline it were not advisable to ad were still very Melt by last accent... journ the assembly to an indefinite period, in order the residence of the King, they were on ti that the governments might in themesnwhile come to The communications between Brutqlt an understanding in political affairs, and also take Hors on the X rthern Railway were a' measures for intreducing many, if not all, the states It was not till late on Sanders. eve -'rag not at present connected with the Zollverein into that could get forward to Antwerp. The lee: Union, so as to give a common customs system to all still thtt e feet under water. Germany. This preliminary proposition fund favour From Louvain, letters of the I hsh ,n -and support in the representatives of many of the of rain fell during the I:,'.h and Pitt .' Zollverein states which do not belong to the Venn of all May 26,1819. The majority of members present at town the basements of ee tee Leese. w n the Cassel congress, however, opposed the aster; the roads had keen torn up ani r e meadows arms-.d the town, as w• .-: lacing of the question on the order of the day. Hunt, and Werchter were all not d. fhe great obstacle to a general consolidation of the structicn cf property being coceiderah.e. customs systems of Germany is the diversity of ex- At Nivelle, near Waterloo, grace istiog tariffs, which is chiefly grcunded upon the gee- At had taken place. The brie,c graphical position of the German states, and their re bad fallen in. sulung commercial relations. The g ivernments of the i A letter from Nacre sate :"i • e !II Stenerverein, consisting of the kingdom of Hacover I flowed its hanks, and the who', of • •.:, • the duchy of Oldenburg, and the principality of Lippe and communications are en*- 1. Schaumburg, have signified a strong disinclination ' weer ' great difficulty. A service of b;,-.• to join the Zollverein so long as its present rates of I import duties are maintained. Mecklenburg. Hol-1 organised for the purpose of carrying assistance." stein, and the Hanes Towns, have shown a similar in et Auderghem, on the ISt, a dye , disposition to unite with the same body. Oa the ' the waters of the Fiords behind a fac.o: other hand, Austria has expressed a strong desire to down. The rush e f water destroyed enter with her whole territory into a customs system walls, and inundated all the neighb ...A.; which shall comprehend entire Germany, and for this - ' and entered the bou-es on the rota • purpose has addressed circular cotes inciting all the Other di kes at Wslowe had als - • hes r governments to send envoys to a customs congress to: south et A ude rgh ern, and !hit coun - ry . meet at Frankfort on the Maine. The Prussian deputy I vast sea : the waters ware latterly, liciveTtr , to the Cassel congress, M. Delbrack, has published a ' foe Preoirstur of Attwerp, of tee 1 memorial addressed to his government, iu which the , ' ' All our rivers hove ore:flowed. An .7.. Austrian proposals are examined at great length and lof our province is under water. Mal r. • pronounced impracticable. The congress now met water, from the Dy le and the Demer. A 1 here is far from unanimous on the several changis i ' polders are also submerged. The nest , proposed in the tariff of the Zollverein. In order to vonle are may feet under water." meet the claims of the south German states of this Letters frws MOOS, of the 18:1', des rib Union, Prussia has proposed to increase the rate of of the suburbs of the town as ieutdan I. 1 duty on English twist, and to connect with this a Trouille and Hain had in their overtliw drawback upon cotton fabrics exported. This pro- with them entire stacks of oats and : posal, however, is by no means unanimously apprcved whole of the weadows were deep under e of. Another proposal, front the same quar.er, fo the cattle in the vicinity of the town raising the duty to be paid on foreign iron, foun: I I I with difficulty saved. The Trou:::e. warm support from many quarters, but from others coarse ' caused considerable ravage; e': great opposition, as a measure calculated to Merbes le Chateau, Givry, Hanzeere . be prejudicial to the agricultural and other nes, and Ilyen, were entirely itur.da• 2.. consumers of the article. During, the discussion the latter place several houses had base c, of this proposition allusion was made by many The Heine river hod been no less delve -ere deputies to the extent to which the duty on iron had Ville-inr-Hsine, Havre, and Oboorg w• :e e aggravated the cost of the railroads laid down with subm.rrgerie At Ximv there were five e: • in the limits of the Union, the duty thus tending to on the public equate. * Such ens the force o' impede the commerce, which the Zollverein was to rent through the streets, that 100 cases :l' `e• tended to promote, and the example of Hanover was rolled nearly half a league into the plain: I N. appealed to, which had admitted iron rails from Bel- St. Denis a large mill was bodily carried a , k .7. glum and Ergland duty free. Senator Coster, from The ravages in the vicinity of Mons wee, • the free city of Frankfurt, declared himself instructed severe. 'fie thine, rolling as tt did are irnol .. to protest against all increase of the rates of import of water, threw dewn a great part of t 1 ..-! duty : Several of the gazettes have mentioned the works on the Mons and Manage Railway : • appointment cf extraordinary agents by the side of were torn up and dispersed. On ate rail ...1y the regular deputies to Cassel, whose duty should be state three enormous breaches have bee -. to advise their associates out of the congress. No and communication with Brussels is, for tes i such confidential advisers have yet been seen here. cut off. The fury of the waters was fora t cr: Only Dr. Togel, well known as the champion between the canal and road at Ghlin : but. • of the protective system since the death of then giving way, the Haire rushed c of M. List, has been observed, to whom any such urisaion that direction, and the whole coan!ry. could be possibly attributed, and there is no special as Con&., has been submerged,. The inunlo. reason for supposing that he is sent by any govern - Troui!le ~ ,. rtelt aa far as Jemmappes. T:e . • meat. The great aim of the Zollverein has been from i Manage Railway Company is estimated a: • • the first of a financial character, namely, the economy Charleroi, on the 17th. was completely tree and augmentation of the government revenues. The I i the railway Love-red, and many bridges on tee Zollverein treasury generally is supplied front the , sro. carried away. The bridge of Titmice has b. I .- duties levied on the importation of transmarine P and other colonial I completely oil. Oa the 19th the Sambre e ' duce particularly sugar, coffee, 'rising. A great number of houses in tne .• merchandise, which duties can in no way be consi -1 Sale:rine, at Charleroi, were covered with wa• derod as protective of domestic indastry, and if they the rook There were ten feet of water is do encourage any particular branch of inland labour, the streets. Such arc, ins summary ma that is their incidental, and not directly intended re accounts received of the inundations : . I salt. Such was the principle of the Zollverein laid Nothing similar had been witnessed for a down by the customs director K ohne, and %indica past. There seems fortunately to have lnen Gated by him in his recent work on freedom of lives lost. trade. The yield of the customs forms for all the Zollverein states, an indispensable means of covering the expenses of the budget; the report that many of the governments were about to withdraw from the Cation at the expiration of the year 1851, may, there fore, be dismissed as groundless. It is, at the same time true, that Bavaria and Saxony have united to oppose Prussia in this congress, and have expressed themselves favourable to an union with Austria. The Prussian cabinet seeks by every means to prevent this contingency, it, however, regards the discussions at Cassel as merely a preliminary deliberation on ques tions which must achieve their final solution in Berlin. lIASTAI)T. We learn the following details upon the affair of the garrison of Rastadt, concerning which many despatches have been exchanged by the Berlin and Vienna cabinets:—According to the letter of the federal fortress regulations the garrison of ltastadt consist., in time of peace, of Mulish troops and about 100 Austrians of the engineer corps; in war, on the contrary, the force consists of one-third Austrian— namely, about 2,500 infantry—end two-thirds liadish soldiers. At present the Prussians in ltutadt do not exceed the number allowed to Baden in time of peace; with them 100 Badish dragoons are quartered. Aus tria asserts that Baden ought still toe considered as in a state of war, and demands that the abovenamed war complement of her own soldiers may be admitted to the fortress. She further requires that Baden shall furnish her contingent in the persons of her own soldiers, and not by Prussian substitutes ; that is, she requires the withdrawal of the Prussian troops. of ( )ctr FRENCH SUGGESTIONS FOR THE LO EXHIBItION OF ISM. The following suggestions have been addre the producers and manufacturers if France, ss products it is desirable to send to the Eihiov Issl, by M. Charles Dupla, President of the 1 General Committee : Gres. Britain, in the midst of her progress end peace. challenges all the lately disturSed naticas to a of industrial skill ; she appoints her meeting at L,ud: May lit, IF.il. It Fiance had chew's tier time. she n have selected the peri d between lSTai end I'. would not kayo selee,ed that era in her lite. when suet struggles have enfeebled her for the present as.d w. her confidence in the future. France, nevertheless. complain of the courtesy of an appeal which tends nations together in assembling/ the works of tr.ei, impoverished, or rather less rick IN she ie. by sir.. long continued, she yet retains sufficient strength And not to decline an honourable and loyal combat An products valued at ISO million francs (7,200.000: , • . agriculture and our manufacturers send each )car land, we shall be able to make a skilful and care: supported by a sanction the least exceptionable ot the consumers of Orrat Britain. Let us throw a glance over the kinds of French I that we should wish atone particularly to see tot* Linden. NVe will follow very nearly the meth: d:: indicated by the official ro te retus of our esportatioc aa England does not admit her Exhibitten animal. We must avail ourselves of the Exhibit:as to the sumptuous and reeAerehe cables of area( Ilt , most esteemed butters, and our varieties of clues , appreciated by connoisseurs. We should try on t what wools of France and Algeria are worth the the foreigner ; whereby we shall be ,nabled to att.,: velopment and the training of cur tlacks, both in tr.. country and on the lenders of the Atlas. The est, France finds in England an im,alrtant market t. sorts of raw and spun silks ; we must exhilt.t sources, And the varied qualities of our goits' (stlifires), the greater the demand of the these productions, the !Treater the abundance we s ‘ , fur our own manufacturer , . Our dyed sulks, b, tit tag sail other purposes, are worthy also or brie ii ct competition. !MUTABLE litteohom,—Within the last few 1 markets ut England have afloreled us an import.o , ' tar our wheat ar.d other kinds of grain. The 12/tclt high opinion of our farinaceous preparations, our el biscuits de Rheims, and those of Paris, and our 1 , . toting so remarkably those of Italy. The o.'ll cultivators has succeeded in producing crest um pr.' and many new varieties of our main delicio us tru. : ,addto them Show of Corsica and Algeria, we sta . colleetion of the most perfect sad beautind p rodu, temperate seas. l'eovance, by the skill of its r prepares the oil of olives in greater perfectien tt.et other country. At the same time Algeria esti A mens of her eheap oils, tit for manufacturing pop, can also exhibit her cork, likewise her woods, coloured, and of such varied shades, for cu' onset "" T " , madder we have a material for dyeing esteemed a+ Tun Bata Tacna.—By an act of parliament which was pared last week, a duty of Is. 4J. per cwt. has been imposed on sugar need in the brewing of beer, to com mence from the 6th of July nest. From the 10th of Oc tober next brewers are not to sell at any other place than their licensed brewing premises, or oa premises licensed for the *sprees purpose. Brewers may take out a license for the sale of beer at any other place u well u their brewing premises. Taking orders for the sale of beer is sot to be doomed selling beer at any other than their licensed houses. A FATALITT SEEMS TO ATTEND the statues of the American sculptor, Hiram Powers. It is only a few months eines we bad to announce the accident which Wel his " Rye "—wrecked at Cartilages& in the vessel which was conveying it to America. A similar fate has now overtaken ►is statue of the late Mr. Calhoun—said by the American papaya to bays cost the artist years of toil, and which had been anxiously expeeted in his native country. Oa the 7th of Apll Mr. rowers wrote from Florence that the statue ►ad boa encased for shipment, sad magystulated himself that it wee not ready to be put ea board the Swedish ship Westmoreland, In which his statue of " Hee " was shipped. Hopes aye exposed that the statue may be recovered. ITALY. TURIN, Auousr Is.—The King has returned to the castle of Monoalien. It is not yet ascertained whether M. Bianchi Giovini, the editor of the Opinioie, will be sent out of the Sardinian dominions, or allowed a restricted residence in some provincial town. -- - LEGHORN, AUGUST 11.—The authorities prohibit the wearing of all badges which may be interpreted politically. Meetings and songs are also interdicted. • • . _ VENlCE.—Gleneral Gorzkowsky has entered upon his functions as military governor of the city and fortress. GERMANY. PRUSSIA. We have news from Berlin by telegraph to the 17th instant. It states that the Austrian invitation for another diet (Bundestag) reached Berlin on that day,:and that Prussia is resolved to decline accepting any proposal in this or a similar sense. AUSTRIA. Letters from Vienna of August 11 say : An increasing variance between our government soul that of Sardinia has shown itself of late. Its Oedipal ground, apart from the offensive tone in whieh the Turin papers arc allowed to speak of the imperial government, is to be found in the growing it of England, which seeks to injure the com mercial interests of Austria in Sardinia. A treaty of commerce is already concluded between England and Sardinia, which concerns more particularly the Genoa trade and the Importation of colonial merchandise. An Indo-Australian commercial company is also in course of formation, and the more considerable English houses having connexions oe branch esta blishments in Genoa have taken shares. Thus will English interest add artificial hindranoes to those ob stacles which have hitherto prevented Austria's success. Baron Koller, Austrian minister in London, has re ceived instructions to subscribe the late London pro tocol with a reservation of the rights of the German Band. FRANKFORT. We learn from confl tential sources that the pleni potentiaries at Frankfort, in their last sitting as a plenum, resolved that the protocol of that sitting should be promulgated is an official form. This pro- tocol contains a statenreat explanatory of the neoes oily of summoning the restricted diet induced by the Ware of all previous osileavours to bring the coo• t r l e cl. a 7 ;f R t. ,e le 14 ra. r ~: re r, 4 in 01. Id If vor 3.3 33 I . cr se er a! rit P. rb e • e 33 'a. .3 -•3 4• r '3. . t ...:1 ie.: ar,•.l . _ . . • .3. • 7 • • I' .. ' t 7 • _ . 1 .. • .- • r .. 331: . % , . 1 , .:'...... , )Nl'. N I+'J Ir. c.: jut. f ni • g Colnb.i. 13.111, c.: 'ft ~. . wt.: r : it has • •, • ' II n . • ' .r Pr . '..... 1 1 c....r.d: liq •• • . 6 • • ' ' • 1: ••• ' . he r 6• ..,,, • , W , .....• . . ..: . r • .. a.' 1 AO , • ' ; an '• ' ' L e w :2 . 2 5 Wig • SO Is INT. ~ r •.r mut