The Express. — London, England, 1850-05-08 00:00:00

.RR.Q, • . . • •I I' 1 • • r • • . • ••••••• I. I F• 1 .1 • :11 ! 4 a It* 41 Strasburg railway between Strasburg and ha l ation. it appears. was on the point of another T °P l il e to the Rost, but has with. ti, application for Intel, of absence in corm of t! e question of electoral reform c ming on. Itoguy, IWmarets, and Tram, yesterday the tollowirg strange prop-writion to the Atoambly `• It it snould happen to the con . •..d soh rims to be paralysed in their action by • ,f .. . the councils - wren' are authorised to ao• t • :h. sehorry immediately in their departmonto. l : the 'etas , and disposal of the public tom re•rittegrrion of the ngulsr powers." y, : . , t.'oa appeared ytsterday, but it has no ' c.oicavion with the El ysi e. i t • i.'• that the majority cunt, mplate bringing . t.r the restoration of capital punishment far ~.:ft UM Atlraill. hr sninl. Tat! for 1 14„„, Oresise jUliberL LOWSIIL I CisJeial .4 '•• ssal sssel 34 S 3 131 73 34 30 111 33 117 73 D 7 W 6 , 0 Lti L: at .0 7 . - 4 NI: 0 " Wk.- , 4 7 9. 0. g o • . Zwes 03 30 Maw • Ronan law. MO 791 • 17nto. d 0.... 109 77 _ Tritiotlry BOMB ... 'tank •sbarte tco 44 : 1 m A .. 3 4 1: Tonga*. ;right kink), 137 31; Dim l'Ano awl urhure. 71s ;l'an. amd loges. SW; Mica, led Plarsrillso. 173. Ilgrarkggre asitiersam, 317 3u; adonis saJ B. I.:swill, ill 'IS; 141. 124 tavabourg. 3:3 73; SPAIN. A ;•: . :•r err:rid in Madrid os the Ist inst., with . • o m Lord Prime-mon announcing the de ' • •17 ton of differences with England. The :••• • appear in black borders, in comas . May, IsoB, the day of the rising of Madrid against the Freceb, and so „. et, re celebrated in all the churches. The . , • • :.••• s royal decree fur opening an eabi• : •:•i: ish manufactures in Madrid on the Ist. a: nr•or.ces that M. Doco•o Cortes had o a toys! councillor, in the room of M. A-0 that Gametal Amens is to have a ITALY. TUSCANY. Pak. of Teocany is going to Vienna, C une3lor BAldetseroni. GERMANY. PRUSSIA. snot d nt writes: BERLIN, WIAT 4. %Tete, attieipated yesterday between the r. 6 Danish plentimsatiaties did not reitimn fora simple peace between ant Denmark has been forwarded to na answar hu yet been recived. , t ... of Priam will assemble in the royal .e celebrated Waite &bon; when the _ _ the Ireland of Pim,+is, is 1.:: rs thence, t) be in a most d,- ;of anarchy and lairry. The police • rioi.ed in the mall Tillages are to t.n: to suppreas the camera', b.inds Ir.: lattero• their handiwork pertst sad before the eye of the &whorl r nor property can ba considered . - - - , Ti - et of • Siceoia - muits a similar de an:4°TH** hero hare determined on a larie body of wanted genadarnaos, r.sniti the nnlitsry stationed in both ••.• •i .• rays tLat Bavaria intends to •• r. :Le Z.;herein in 15.13, when the pre t vp.rt s. Tce minufs_turing industry of kept plc, with the northern states of . !Ltd is more in harmony with that of rt glitour, Austria. The alterations • - .la* in the Z.) Iverein tariff will, it is •.• • ectraiece of Holstein and the Hann !ions hays also been made b t• . barg,with the conditions on which • . a ....r g to enter the Zallverein. On these •! . .t• approachtng Zell congress at Cassell • d-c:le. Of the 32 elections which bars r. plan, l 4 of the deputies to the congress treetmders. BERLIN, MAT J. • rapids! nsonsego is said to have been received s.sce on Friday night, from Cassel, stating E ector of Huse accapted the invit Awn of t of Prussia to attend the approaching con t princes at Betio. Great preparations are de by the e sort tc, receive the numerous ••1 princely visitors whom the oocasiun will AUSTRIA. VIENNA, May 2. • •. r Gasette announces officially the retire : • ~. t Sliamer from tt.e post of ambassador • v.-...c0p1e! ..•'rts beings the state of the bank for the • Atml. The bullion in the bank has risen I :te.rr; ti. at the end of March to . : the notes in circulation have decreased • fl. to 211,621,5:9d. The increase in •••r.trre is :0.20 ft. and the decrease in • rt4lation 2,242,775 8. That wou:d be • • -Ai :neat in the accounts of the preceding • - .ut the three per cent. treasury notes in • : niati by 1,595,040 fl., and the advances .• .:.s. debts increcsed 3,631,000 fl. Gold is • .cer at 17; prem. I 'l:\ MARS. from Fuhatn arid Alma shows that lot bust'l recruiting their array : The • I .sr.ibh 'polders in Alen is aboat 10,000; pinion of the Danish army is at Wile, li.t Swedes are now stationed in Angela, Magee on the aide of the line of : , creral 'retests are in Apeanade. TURKEY. •.•:ettiou iu sthris is quelled, but not with • t v.v.:et:ono? property and loss of life. The • * ,, •T.l,aried for 21 hours; more than 300 •aTt L. The struggle lsted 48 hoar. aLury 11,4 ; National Debt, Mil 4u 4.-4 . •4. L.La At r,en. !Haulages; IL; Four Pa Latainfle as itsakbrt, 1161. GitEEr:E. 'From it iv —is .V., .:one.) cc Ere P•te!seti battle I),twe n Greece' and In' 0.44, t si.out the waistcoat ott the Britioh inksinetes it. Its • • t..n was, wetwer the waistcoat ono W • Ly ot.o' mac ,c his stab:, drew, and in whisk hip had qt.• '4l t.l pl. A for rquirtias water on a polimnalti o• '4 go sot a Leery waistcoat Aft., Mural walks' d i ' ••• •L• G , e# , C mut decided that although they did . I. . , ater thew aiottoat is %nation to be a livery waist `. 4 c 4 ...oerati:a of the fact that the British minis rased it uvery, the iroveraraint of Greece was ready .i• r) toe:anion that wild be required to heal the .1.';,•1 cocoa of Great Britain. Parliament had s narrow .11:f .0 •• .1 the waistcoat laid before both houses. Now Y..t then is no doubt that the arrest of •a• iatentioaal Wolk • r *Se .acted to lower the Bnetlisk minister in • ' Iftfoileeo, sail • ".oiik compel the Banned covers . Everybody is Grease knew that die to Norio ; few firseito believed that the - " 1 sP*olieed for the insult ; indeed, nothing polutenza etched before the British low k. . 4 . ..:aty four Moen could have reintegrated the nano ~•!t•:: ' Attests, so stoutly did all govereineat teams : elbagy watt ever made. Another mese was , ' oat's/action of the court aad the corps A' a private theatrical representation in :••••m. the Bret* minister wee left without a • aid remained Bundles during a le•S i a h'omatidore would have been sorely dis ''"fr '.*, 41 physical torn.; but the entomb '. a mud to have consoled himself daring it.. 1-• teen of protected °memo to • F AII••41, by the refi-ctica that hie turn cane • - W.. ~ ,0 11 y after ['Meted nn the royalty of Orates eer rte•Atr. A•tetk. on the peens of "sl.l on.pasu.v than the most mmHg hum., .pp , arvi in • Lond..n inoeniag •. „ tt nasznottions pr.tt 1.4t0l to come to an t ' Bl* PAldeat 183 Atheu . lhi• carupoadast THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 8, 1850. responsibility . of the elect,►. Who; the amber of electors in a district wag shout Ave thousand, and k wee lemma that three declaimed might vote against the government an Mates, and only two thousand in their favour, the ballot hones were doctored before-hand, by having we thousand vote* plated in them before the process of the public ballot commenced. Intimidation was resorted to, to prevent at least one thousand of the real voters from attending, and it was generally encomafial with the middle chute ; hut. in one unlucky district, w►isk contained only about four thousand voters, six theusasd *Mkt"' were found in the ballot-bog. At times, the masa of the, opposition was as great, that moth's' could be doss at the time of voting. The per charged to convey the ballet-bat to the Vaal appointed fat the acruliny, wets, in sash mote, waylaid by armed bands, and the ballet-bete* were destroyed. These were enacted, even in Attica. W. believe that, In order to secure free institutions to any people, it is more necessary to create a feeling of moral responsibility, than to protect the I electors from the of em of intimidation end freed alertly when t►ey exercise the franchise. National liberty cannot be protected by a wooden box ; it must be toughs Ur boldly before the face of all mankind. The vote by ,allot injures the nation more than it protects the indieidael ; ad it can only cease to do harm in a state of seetety where perfect equality reigns among t►e electors themselves, end between the electors and the elected. With regent to the Greek sensor, we have little to say. In a country where not one single element of an aristocracy exists, and w►ere it was impassible to secure superior educa tion in the members of a chamber !appointed for life, it was evident that one 'heather would afford a Wirer g ee against bribery and corruption than two. No nobles, no independent gentlemen, no dignified clergy, no I d law yer", can enter the Greek mate. The qua'ifica•ien of a mast r a a corset period of service, in official sppointments, which have been generally held by men who can neither read nor writs. The consequence, is, that the "gnats is utterly useless as a legislative body, from the ignorance of its members; while the nature of the mateliabi from which it is compass", renders it a more servile instrument, in the hands of every minister, then the elective chamber. It was yeller day a tool in the hands of Goletti—to-morrow it may become oats in theta, of Meerocordatce. It would be an object of contempt, were it note* expensive instrument of oppression. CorensereisLiciverfiser, containing, as it was supposed, some information respecting Sir John Franklin. We have sicce received the following commttnication from Sir George &tamp : TO TIES TDITOII Or THS PILOT. Ste,—Having, noticed in gout' paper yesterday • report that information had been received by way of St. Paul, in Minnesota, that a dog train had urived there from some distance above Lake Superior, with letters stating that Sir John Franklin was found and safe, I regret to say there le as foundation what, vet for the statement, which appears to have originated in the arrival at St. Paul of an express sent thither by the Hudson's Bay Companfs officer at Red River, annoying the reports of C a p ta i n Peden sod Mr. Rte to the Lords of the Admiralty, which reports are to the effect that actbing had been discovered throwing any light on the fate of the miming expedition. Capt Pullen, who left H.M.S. Plover at Wainwright Inlet, reached the Hudson's Bay Company's post of Fort Good Hope, on the M'Kerazie River, on 14th September, and thence he earns up that • to the post of Fort Simpson, where he is :paestag the present winter _with the intention of proceeding to York Factory, on Iluruson's Rey, at the open ing of the navigation, in order to t.ke nes pearls to Berland in one of the Hudson's Bay Company's ships thence next autumn. It is possible, however, that instructions from the Admiralty, which were transmitted to ma here about two months ago, and were immediately forwarded to Capt. Pollen by express, may detain him during the ensuing sum. user and winter in making a further elimination of the Arctic coast, in connecti , os with the Hudson's Bay Com pany's parties employed upon the same service. I am, sir, your obedient fervent, 0 ROUGE Stiurson. Hudson's S t y H ouse , L ac hi ne, April 12, HMO. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. New Yuan, APRIL 19. Tire ootton market continued firm at yesterday's prices, with fair sake, In eepsrate lots. Lkelers were still disposed to wait for the receipt of later fureigu news, before entering the market beep considerable extelt. The market he this state and western flour continued firm, with a good eastern demand. with a fair amount of asks. Csaadlaa remained stoat the o.me, with rank:ate =tea Southern was less actin, and prime were es der. Wheat was la good demand, and mks of prime Genesee were made, cm terms stated below. Cm on. ttr.ued sorer • prices had an upward tendency. Pork was &ow, end make were more freely mule at improving prices. Baermarieen—Plour—lneMded In the sake 3,300 bble, at idols. to 3&,k. lac. fur common to straight State, old and new himeetka ; 5 doles 23e. to 3 dol.. Sue. for Michigan, and 5 d01e...50. to 3 dole. 73 e. for perelkomea. Southern Soar was In Ibutaly demand, with sales of LOW ble.a. at 3 dais. 12 c. to 3 dole 31c. fur 'tilled to straight brands. Nye flour was Needy, with sake of 340 bole at 2 don bite. Corn meal was I quiet, with sales of Ito *hi. Jersey at 2 dole. 73c., and Brandy wine, is lots, at 3 don. Wheat was In good demand for malted, Willi asks of 6,200 bushel. pima Genesee, part at I dol. 30e., and the residue at a higher figure; ulro 2,000 Malicia white Penosylvaala an private terms. ltye wee better, with rake of 10,090 bushels at We. to PIA. Barley we. very scarce, sad fw fresh receipts 73c. to 7k. could be easily obtained. Caen was arm, bet ant active • the rake add up 21,000 burns.* past to arrive at Lie. for Southern sad Jar. sey white, 60e. tor Southern end Jenny yellow and : tor Northern yellow, for future delivery. Outs were a .hade better, with /Alex of river and mast, at 406 c. to 45c. ; Jere 7,33 c. to rle. ; and southern, at 32e. to 380. Cam idiom Peas were heavy and dull ; mot re., Led 1,.00 bushel., at 115 e. to tea. to twlrf• Corro..—The roirkrt continue. to Improve in the absence of the large decline to contldeutly predicted by tae America, with sales of about WO to 09 bales. . _ _ Yesiours.—An eager mot of 3,0v0 brls. of tar was made for I.leeep oo l at about ts . td. c:tom was Liken et 34. per bale. Dead weight at I•2s. 6iL to Os. and corn at about .id. Th e re Was notbins new to London or other ports, and shippers were welting later foreign news. l'iL" , ,Niuxs.—Puek —There was more .rant in the market for roam, sod we rage rules of Lou bbl.. at 10 dole. .:Se to 10 dole. 50e., and prime at 8 do:s. 44c. to 8 dais. 50f. Heel was not so buoyant; lame mull sales of country num were made at 8 dole. Part. to 9 d 01.., and rime ditto, ut 5 dots. 50c. to 6 dots. Beef bouts were something easier; about 100 bbLs. were sold in lots at 16 duls. Cut meats were more plenty, and Palm were rude of 830 tierces and tibia. at 31 e. to Sc. tie pickled shoulders. and Sle.. to 7c. for hams. Ltd was a abode Armee, 'kith salts of WO/ Ws. good to prune at Ole. tot; 7-16, awl S. A Mts. great at Sic. to 51e. gutter wo. in fair nlluest, but old was rot so Mead, ; 11C ROW e.dee of good to prime at t 22e. Cheese was ete-idy at 61e. to M , a. is quaLty. Moser Masker. —Hills on London had an upwar 1 tendency, the quomi6.ns befog 1091 to 1091; money cooler, and a supply of money on c.ll more p entiful. Eiral.claas paper Ira much sought af.er, and Cared states Stocks were rery Erni. Nr.w OBLZANe, APRIL 18, 6 r.x.—Twn weeks later news In on Europe being fully due has woiewhat restricted operations in cottn, though prime continue firm, with ..n improving tendency. Middling mad Palsy at llic. The total SARA are 2,1109 Oahe. Torte is mire firmness in corn, and the market is hu.y ant at 63c to 706. The feeling in dour is mid downward, and Ohio rues beery at 5 dots. 121 c. Cake steady, with or inquiry. informed the world, that his Hellenic Majesty, whe had been selected by Lied Palseeston, and supporter.' with a 10611 0f.2.400.00“., wee severtheisse moat to Novara his Marken; =4 that • eettifieste to this effect bad be= signed by seve ral e Seers, civil, militley, and medial, who were then at Athens is the wren of King (Mho, sad that this sernicate had been placed in the bands of Kis( Louis e Bavaria. Tkis strange coeussication would have passed unnoticed its (impel bad it not been made Me subject of eonverestion, and the attest/op of Greek statesmen called to it. At last, it was publie:y noticed by the Greek press, and an oaten produced. Three of the Bavaria= named as having signed the certificate, published a declaration controlled's the statement, in a document hearing date the lltieffied Ina. 1839, which was printed in the Greek newspapers. The medical and military officers who signed this counterecertifi. este were &resisted from all their places, and immediately quitted Greets. Very HOS has been said on this subject since. All parties seem heartily showed of their share in te• transaction, and the public Me mystery. When Mr. Wye, arrived at Athens last year, as British minister, he lotted the train laid to the Mee Lord Palmer ston was about to sprier. Hs tried in vain to posited, the Greek ministereto make such causeless as would severe so open cooly*. Has conciliatory conduct mink d the Greek court into • b lief that Lard Palmerston was afraid to tome to blows, sod in an evil bear, it deemed itself secure of victory. The only alternative left to Great Britain, in King Otho's opine's, was to withdraw the English minister frost Athens. But, even it Lent Palmerston's disposition bad made him inclined to take this course, King oin ought to have remembered that the convention of IWO which created tho Greek kingdom, bound England to watch over it. So esteemed was the cost of Athens at this time, that the modification which it would be possible to make in the Greek constitution, alter the departure of the English mnister, became a subject of conversation. Yet when the hour arrived, sad Lord Pelmerston's demands were com municated, the Greek min:sten felt the folly of resistance ; and they would have capitulated, had the minister of the French Republie act availed himself of the con juncture to flitter King Other's private prejudices, and assumed the direction of affairs. The Greek sinister of foreign affairs ' M. L 'ado., wag a man utterly un fi t for the placer. Hie communications to the chambers, on the subject of the quarrel, area tissue of forsook statement.. hl. Tbouvenel presided this en. lucky ei muter to brave Lord Palmerston, and trust to the Protection if Prance and the European pre*. The French sickle, hoew that he would et 'du for himself the star sal toe broad blue ribbon of K.ng O.ho's Order of the Redeemer, and he knew equa:ly well that he would inflict a seri les it jury on the commerce and revenues of Greece, and that he would cause the ruin of matey Greek merchants. There out be no doubt, that ambassadors ought cee. r to be allowed to receive orders front the sovereigns to who.* court they ere accredited. The interests of nitrous are often sacrificed by honourable son for stars and ribbons. We ars bound also to observe, that the cadet of King Otho has so templet. ly disergaaisad the finance. of Greece, that t ie ffir 'ne is in ismi neat danger, and • great change in the government of Greece must take place in the mien , veer. In the year 1848, • serious rebellion took place in Greece. The diplomacy of England was accused of en (vomiting toe insurgent., Rai, for some day., the flight of King O;ho from Athens was an hooey expected. When the fu I nom of the evil, and the anarchy which threatened the c sentry in consequence of th insane conduct of the Greek Opposition, win known in England, L'erd Palmerston trunkly changed his police, and sent our ablest and best English lipleastio, S r Stratford Canning, to save King Othe.'. throne. If a throne he of any value, the King cr. Greece owed some thank. to England for the meat ser vices of fir Stratford Canning, who had to =counter • 'virulent and miter opposition from the English officials at Atheos during his exertions to save Greece from anarchy. Ilk conchae on of the revolutionary war lift the cation dieted into several dams of society, as different in their ideal and habits of life as If they bad formed parts of dif tenet patients. These closes were, first, the peasantry— foe so the coltiva•or. of the soil are generagy called, though a large portion of deem are lands' proprietors, and often the only rows* of suhstanca in tee prove' cat Second, the *sake, or proprietors, who did not eul'ivute their own loads. Thew men managed public business, and acted as collectors of the or under the Turks: they frequent coffe e• hoes es, and form political seietie, ender the cent rail led email:sties' ',stem of government. Tbie cloy, however, possesses some education, but its moral character is vitiated by • firm e 'eviction that it es 'stilled to be maintained in • state of WO nese at the public 4:pease. It has gained con• slierable retitle el kfluerke by meat's of the eOction law of 1841. Coletet by intimidatinr the weak, bribing the active, and creating =numeral'', places, turchosed V•is class whole sale, and read. red hiseelt master of nearly all the eke:oral districts in Greece. The third clue is composed of that numerous body of Greeks who h.?, emigrated to the H.l• leak territory from different provioces cot Turkey. Tee does includes the greater part of the shiest and best edu eyed sea in the country; but the abject principles of the Phanarietes, or Greeks educated for the public 'eerie in Tarkey, ai d the heee avidity displayed by this class in place-hunting, which is their principal meanie of life, ten dered them very unpopular, and enabled their Tiede, the primates, to seems them from official emplao,asents by a deer= of the national assembly of 1811. Toe fourth class , is the esilitary. This class is very numerous, ILS I'S ranks are swelled by crowds of individuals who served in a mtlitaty capacity, bat who have received military rank as a paymnt for political services. Kiop Othe sakes general• of sorrels, sod eolone:s of commusaries; while airmen Of the revenue, muleteers, sad blots' memos. forts about cue half of the anatomised offices of an army which it rants an cfficer fir every two private's and • quarter, if we can trust the Greek Midget and the Greek newspapers. The allies gave the Greeks • king, a c ur:, • regency lees salted than their own apitani, Civil warm, adder noel debts, sad an order of lorgbtkood to corrupt foreign diplomatist.: but no : • road, &budge, or • ferns-boat, was totrooerned into • country full of =gestalts and dangerous torrent-bed.• and ceeskting, ia great part o of peninsulas and islsnis. Katie Othe„ who be. spent 3,000,0001. steels/ on civil Mani, and 1,030 0001. ea palaces, dies not posses fife, miles of road practicable for a donkey-cart, is his whole &minima. There is not • earrkgeoroad from Athens to Corinth, nor a ferry boat to the Steads of the Archipelago. Need roe wonder, then, if the Greeks despke toter own government, and sue ;wet the ir.tentions of the three protecting powers that sup per; it in its evil conduct? The consequence is, that fitter. [hostile military and police officials fail to pre serve order in • populaion of nine hundred and twenty thousand souls. The result of this polities; experiment, he the foundation of monarchies. certainly refire. little credit on the statesmen of England, Franey, and Russia. The Greeks possessed great rower in the local adminietra• lion sinner the Turk,. This power contributed in a high degree to the pros/net:on of their semis' existence, but alarmed the weeemirded Beranek ; and, under the shield of the three protecting powers, the Greeks were robbed of their municipal instOutions by the regency. A system of local oligarchies was introduced, which foetal:sat present. The election of the mayor and aldermen is vested in an electoral college, one half of which kouni_pased of the persons who pay the greatest amount of taxes. Here is an element of respectability ; but in order to dilu's it with one of ser vility, • certain cumber of individues, decorated with noses, is admitted. Even this respectably servile body is not allowed to elect the mayor; it is eel empowered to nu= three candidate., from which the King chooses the individual who is to direct the interests of the little commu nity. The mayor so chose enjoys his office for three years, and receives a good salary from the municipal feeds. Let us now exo ioe how this system IS worked, in conformity with cozetitutioaal principles, in the wits' of the Hellenic kingdom. Attica, it must be observer, sends four deputies to the legislative ebitailoo: and as these deputies receive two hundred and fifty drachmas a-month, and have succeeded in making the sittings cf the Greek chambers perpetual, the place of deputy is worth as much as the best estates in Greece. Now, to these interminable sitters are chosen by universe suffrage, but are required to support the minister, it became absolutely necessary to job the elections, by means of the oliouchy holding office in the municipalities. This was not very difficult, for the number of persons who can read and write among the Albanian population of Attica, which outnumbers the Greek, is very small. Even among the Greek population of the city of Athens, the proportion of government cffioials and street porters, who pay so tale., exceeds the number of the independent citic no The mid dle classes, and the friends of order, are excluded from all local influence, by being excluded from any share in the mu nicipal government. A towtociour.eil party is formed, and this party is allowed to employ the whole local UPS of Attica, amounting to between three and tour hundred thou sand &seies annually, in jobbing, on condition that they support the ministerial candidates at the elections. The constitutional system of political corruption, to make universal suffrage profitable to the court, runs thus ; The mayors are selected from men without character or local influence. This is brought about by namine the third can didate mayor, he being g fly some insignificant person, whom both the leading parties agree to admit on the list. This individual, when appointed, is nothing more than a creature of the prefect or of the court, which alone pos sesses the power all protecting him in oiler, and in the re ceipt of • good salary for three years. The duty of the mayor is to tailor the aldermen, by allowing them to ',eerie with the municipal councillors how to divert the ices . of the city intoibeir own palest', or that of their relations, by the creation of places. The extent to which the curt have hrosurht jobbing, is testified by the shifts and tergiver sation employed to prevent the publication of any regular amounts of the receipts and expenditure of the munici palities ; end toe municipal revenue. exceed the sum of two millions of drachmas. Athens, with a ?Entitle of three hundred thousand drachmas a year, would be the filthiest town in Europe, were nature not kinder to it than its ma gistrates. A single instance of how mutton are carried on in the provinces, is sufficient to Gem:ribs the whole system. A rural commune, placed on an Important line of communication, wished to make a good mule read over a mountain pass. It voted the sum of six hundred drachmas in it. budget, hoping, hy its exempt!, to produce similar votes in the neigh bouriag communes. the central government was then in vited to send an engineer, to trace the best line of road. The dorsi of the province was a creature of the court. He and the Minister of the Interior put their heads together, sad sent do.n an inspector of the road, before it WE. cur Toyed or commenced, with an order *a the commune which had put six hundred drachmas in its budget, to pay him a salary of hay drachmae monthly for a year. This minis terial exploit put an end to all projects of road-making on the part of the municipalities. Too vote by ballot is converted into a constitutional method of counter sting any evil affects that might other wise seri. e to ministerial candidates fruit the us., of mai venal suffrage; l r rasa is fallible, and the Weeks telt inclined, in nos places, to °prise the system of Culetii. We revene. nel L:lu plan adopted to the attention of an eminent histories I'l ancient Orme., who has more faith In the wood of the bellorboz than in the metal UNITED STATES. The Ocean steamer, Hermann, arrived off Cowes yesterday, en route to Bremen. Her mails and pas sengers were la , ded at Southampton last night. She left New York on the 20th ult. She brought over 145 passengers. She experienced head winds for twelve drys successively. The dates by the Hermann are to the 20th nit., three days later than the letters and journals received by the Europa, but only one day later than the tele graphic despatch to Halifax, which announced the resolution adopted on the 18th by the Senate at Washington, to nominate a committee with a view to arrange a compromise on the California question. The following letter of our corn upondent com mences by negotiating an occurrence alluded to in the telegraphic dispatch received by the Europa: NEW YORK, APRIL 20. Since my last we have have had no important intell . gence from &nth or Centr.el America. Some dome-tic i:ems have, however, greatly excited us. The Senate of the United S.ates was recently very nearly the scene of bloodshed, and has certainly been disgraced by the conduct of two of its members, both belonging to tho demcctatic party. Tee circumstance arose out of a debate on the resolution of Mr. Bell, to appoint a c.mmittee of 13 to report upon the subject of the admiaston of California as a sta.e, and of New Mexico and Utah as territories. For the moment the pending question was upon M^. Benton's instructions to the committee, declaring that C engress has no 'Lester over slavery in the states, nor the internal slave trade, and the'. Congress ought not to abolish slavery in the dis•ric., nor in the forte, arsenals, and dock yards of the U:.ited States. Mr. Clay moved to amend this proposition, so u to read, Provided tint the &nate does not dean it necessary to ex; reel. in advance, any opinion, or t t u,ve any interne tons, either k tueral cr specific, (or the guidance of the committee. Various sugtestions, amendments, and appeal+, in order and out of order, were then made, and Cul. Benton seemed strenuous, by the ingenious proposi tions which he made from time to time, to get rid of the main question, viz.,—the reference to the Com mittee of Tnirteen and Mr. Clay's amendment, which last was adopted by a majority of three. In the further debit. upon Mr. Benton'. reel Aufions, Mr. Foote, of .Missiesipi, made a personal allusion to Col. Benton, and was proceeding to attack lien in no very gentle tering, when the colonel, in a violent passion, rote from his seat and made an attempt to approach Mr. Foote. As every one around him believed he was about to make a personal assault, seeeral senato arose and attempted to stop him. He broke away from his det+iners, when Mr. Foote, leaving his place, moved bri-ki, t an open space b. fore the vice-presi denf's chair, drew a revolver frcm his pocket, cocked it, and awaited the approach of his antagonist. Ile was then surrounded by senators, and detained from approaching Colonel Renton. The colonel then dashed away from those who held him back, opened his coat and vest, and bade the "assassin and scoundrel" to fire. A scene of inde.cribable confusion ensued, and the vice-presid- nt, with very great difficulty, sum .eled in restoring order. Aker some delay and much ember regiment, a committee of seven was appointed to in vestigate the matter. Mr. Benton diselaim• d that he ever carried arms, Mr. Foote averring he only did 33 for self-defence, and that he should pursue this sub ject out of doom The next day the committee of 13 was agreed upon, and no one doubts but that their report will be accepted, and that the Senate will agree open a compromise. The mortification expressed by the American press, and by all classes of Americans. at this affair, is greater than I can describe. While we are holding ourselves up to the 0;d World se the model govern ment, such scenes as this can in no way benefit our national character, and I feel especially for those Americans abroad, who, aloof from, and uninfluenced by, political strife at home, know the importance of oar national influence, and the advantage of our na tional example. I sympathise with them at the oc currenoe of this contemptible personal squabble, but at the same time let them console themselves with toe reflection that we all, without distinction of party, reprobate the conduct of both Col. Benton and Mr. Foote, and that no European can feel more disgust at it than we do. I look on ail these small affairs as safety valves to the great question before the country. The great agitator is dead. Two democratic senators choose to have almost a deadly quarrel on the floor. These events teed very materially to break down those party lines which have so long divided the country. The masses take a very natural disgust at the con duct of the men they have so long supported; mode rate views follow with calm reflection; the great and paramount advantages of union re-assert their autho ritv, and thus, step by step, we are led to a correct I • judgment and patriotic conduct. I have the greatest postal:lle faith in th e permanence of our institutions. They are elastic and yet strong; they contain nothing dangerous, but in the excess of the self-governing power, which sometimes is wrong as well as right. Yet such is the dependence of one part on the other, that that our cis medwairix natures sets everything right after a short time. There is scarcely a doubt but that there will be a compromise between the south and north—it is what the people at large require, and will unquestionably have. The Nicaragua treaty is evidently in progress. Sir Henry Bulwer and Mr. Clayton, at their last inter view, were closeted five hours together. We havejust learned that General Pam has teen liberated from prison. On the question of the day, Mr. Clay's compromise movement and position, the New York Herald says : But for the unfortunate altercation which occurred on Wednesday last, between Mr. Foote and Colonel Benton, in the United States Senate, at Washington, there is every rea son to believe that Mr. Bell's resolutions on the territorial question, would have been referred to a committee of thirteen, halt white and half democrat., with Mr. Clay as chairman. Whets that affair °centred, as important amendment, moved by Mr. Clay, had been carried, Is which the senate declined to Impress, in advance, any opinion, or to give any instructiine, either general or specific, ter the guidance of the committee. The amendment was con. owed is ; and the qut stion on referring would, no doubt, have been tekt•n immediately ►fterwards, if business had not been suspended by the scuttle between the above named mem ben. We look upon Col. Becton's conduct in that affair as highly reprehensible, nor are we disposed to shield Mr. Foote from censure. It Mr. Benton can not eintrol his feelings while sitting is a legislative body of such dignity as that which °Lehi to attach to the Senate, he hat better resign sad so to California at once. On the other hand, if the upper breach of the national legislature cannot transact the busi sees of the country without the members being wend, it is time for all legislation to cease, and the doors of the Senate I cooed, until abetter state of things be brought about. SIR JOHN FRANKLIN. LATTER Filmlt SIX 011101WS (Yrum the Mu"areal risut.) ID our last (see Fapress of April 29] we inserted an extract of a letter, published in the New York Vot Court. The following bulletin of the Queen's heahlt was issued this morning: " Buckieghnm•pilnce, May 8, 9 A.M. " The Queen and the intent prince continue well. " James Ct.tes, M.D. " CMANLES LOCOCK, HUBERT FEW/I:SON, M.D." Misiesty's tic )111T7 ie so hr advance°, that no more bulletins will tie Wend. Her Royal Hiahnens the Duchies of Kent visited her Majesty yesterday et Buckingham Palace. The Prince of Lemintren via!, t his It iyal Hipbone Prioe • • Alekrt yester day. Prince Avert rode out on h,rseback yesterday morn- Inc attended by Lieut. Colonel the lion. Al. lender Gordon. Teen. knyol Highnesses the Prince of Wale., Prince Alfred, the Ptichm Ulysl, the Princess Alice, and the Princess Helena, took their accustomed exercise yesterday in the garden of Buckingham Sir George Grey, Secretary of State for the Home Department, has issued invitations fur a lull dress dinntr on Wednewlay next, the 13th Met., at the Clarendon Hotel, in c leration of her Majesty's birthday. Earl Grey, Secretary of Sate for the C dories , has issued invitations for a state Ginner, at his residence on Cerlt, n terrace, in Wednesday next, the 1,5:h ir.s:., to cele brate the Queen's bir liday. Sir Charles Wood, Chancellor of the Exchequer, issued invitations yes:trday for • full-dress dinner on Wed. needay next, in celebration of her Majest)'s birthday, at hie official residence in Downing street. Lord John Russell was much better yesterday. Despatches were sent off last evening from the Colonial-office foe the Governors of Malta, Hong-Kong, and Ceylon, and also for the Lnd High Commissioner of the lonian Islands. HER MAJESTY'S BIRTH DAY.—The aaoi•erstry of the natal day of the sovereign, who will complete her 3lst year on the 21th inst., will be celebrated with the cus tomary rvjoicisgv, eae..•t the royal birthday drawing-room, On Wednesday, the Lith ins'. To. 'Meiners (Lord John Russell as First kird of the Treasury, and Earl Grey, Viscount Palmerston, and Sir George Grey, as her Majesty's three principal ercrat..ries of state) and tile great °Moen of state, have issued cards for grand official banquets to cele brate the auspicious ereat.—Giotar. NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE PRO- TECTION OF BRITISH INDUSTRY. Yesterday a general meeting of delegates from vari ous parts of the United Kingdom was held at the Crown and Anchor, Strand, for the purpose of considering the pre lent condition of the agricultural in emit. The Duke if RICHMOND, president of the astociation, in the shale The room was crowded, and on the platform were the Marquis of Doweshire, Earl Stanhope, the Earl of Eglinton, the Earl of Olengall, Viscount Combermere, Earl Talbot, the Earl of Malmesbury, Sir C. Burrell, M.P. ; Lord John Masers, M.P. ; L' , rd Feveraham, Mr. Christopher, M.P. ; Mr. P. Bennet, Be P.; Mr. P. Foskott, Colonel Sibthrro, M.P. ; Mr. R. Baker (Writtle), Mr. Bell (Cambridge), Mr. C. Li lliogston, Mr. Civilly Wortley, Mr. Petite, M.P. ; Mr. F. Mackenzie, M.P. ; Mr. George Frederick Young, Mr. Booker, Sir M. W. Ridley, &a. Tte CHAIRMAN stated, in opening the proceedings, ' that it would not be necessary for him to treepase upon them more than fur a few moments, asihere were gentlemen pre seat who were better qualified tone himself to address the meeting. He must, however, state his conviction that if this' country we. to continue to be free, moderate import duties must be levied. The " experiment " of free trade had been I tried, and had failed: end common sense always said it would fail. The system must therefore be immediately pat an end to. The meeting of to-day was called for the pewee l of hearing from tenant farmers the prospects of their various localities. Knowing the justice of their cause, let them per severe, and he woe sure that the boon they sought would, sooner or later, inevitably be obtained. (Cheers ) Mr. BOOKER, f Olossorganshire, proposed the first re solution:—.. That the di ffi cult and intolerable distress per vading the agricultural and other great interests of the country, and the state of deprivation and suffering to which biro masses of the industrial population are reduced are, in the opinion of this meeting, fraught with consequences the most diustrous to the public welfare, and if not speedily remedied, must prove fatal to the maintezahce of public credit, will endanger the public . peace, and may even plasm in peril the safety of the state.' In proposing this resolu tion the hon. gentleman commenced his observations by stating, that the system of free trade had been so disastrous, in its results, that a return to protection was absolutely maces ssry to secure the tranquillity and independonze etas nation. Those who were present well knew the Mistretta that every where surrounded them. The prevailing symptom we. cheapness—end why should it not be accompanied by use and tepees ? There must be something wrong, when cheap ness was attended with such lamentable results. Mr. Hus kisson said, in 1815, that nothing swab:the more delusive than that cheapness wa, in itself a benefit, unless it were attended by a large demand for labour and capital. (Cheers.) Mr. Booker proceeded to refer to an address which had been sent to the working men of England by the delegates, setting forth the present position of affairs. The delegates have a desire to collect all the statistics in their power, showing the falling off of wages silica the introduction of the free trade system ; and they would appeal to the friends of native in dustry for assistance. It had been said that free trade had not yet had fair play. This he most strenuously denied, and he was indebted to the kindness *A courtesy of an honourable friend of his, Mr. Owyn, M.P. fur Falmouth, fur certain returns whica justified him In Gaming to a conclusion opposite to those who advocated the doctrines of free trade. Now, it' was said that in the export of cotton there had been an in. crease sines the establishment of the policy which they were met to condemn. The return showed that although tee ex ports of cotton had increased 10 per mot , the consumption of that article had decreased 20 per c‘it., so that, in point of fact, the Cotton trade iu this country l eel decreased 30 per cent. (Hear, heur.) Let them look at the state of our colonies. whi ch fur the east 10 years had enjoyed the blessing of unrestricted free trade. What was the laogoage they used whets they contemplated the position in which they wen pleteed? •We are ruined." Free trade had not fair play ! What had been the effects in Ireland ? In the year 1844 or 1845 there were in that °emery 1,069,628 acres eulii 'aced In wheat, and in 1847—the year following to. consummation of free trade—the number was redueed to 743,871. la this year 1848, the number was decreased to 666,770, Riskin altogether a decrease to the amount of 600,000 acres, which would have produced 2,100,000 quar ters of wheat, which, it sold at such a price as the commo dity ought to realise, would have brought upwards of six sterliag. (Cheers.) Free trade had not had fair play,! What would tacit' wives and daughters say to the decrease which had taken place of late years la the export of butter —salt butter—trom Ireland ? Ia the year 1843, the come. tity of salt butter exported from that country was 260,000 toss, equal in amount to three *adieu sterling. The num ber of cows required to produce this enormous quantity of butter must have been about 260,000 ; bingos, what was the state of affieire In that country, owing to the disastrous effects of free trade? Her pastures were broken up, and the foreigner beat her out and out. The effects in England were already well known, and he would :rave to others the task of dilating upon them. But he would at once ask what was the remedy for the evils they complained of, and they would answer him by stating that the remed was to be found in a return to the polity of pro Section. Cheers.) How then was this remedy to be ob tained? y • cordial union of all clones, whom possessions had been invaded, and whose skill and enterpriu had been overthrown by that vile policy which had supplanted them in their own markets. (L tud cheers.) It was quite clear that there was no hope from the present parliament, or from the present advisers of the erown—(hear, hear)—but they might congratulate themselves that they bad a cenatitu- Serial sovereign, who well km w that her own peace and happinese, as well as the security of her throne, depended upon the welfare and prosperity of those whom she so benignly governs. (Cheers.) Lot them tell her of the difficulties and dangers which had over taken the sail:lemon of the soil—the bard-working indastrious occupiers of the domains of our ancient nobility. Let them tell her that though distressed they were still faithful and uneeduceably loyal and true to her, and he would stake his life upon it, she would be commas *mate lead true to them. (Cheers.) Amongst those who advocated their cause in the House of L trds there was • Richmond, a Stanley, • Malmeabury, • Stanhope, a Deernshire ; whilst in the House of Cemmoos they had • Disraeli—(cheer.)—a Granby, a Manners, end a boat of other., ready to fight the battle of protection. (The hon. gentleman sat down amidst the most deafening cheers. which lasted several minutes ) Mr. CHO WLER, • tenant farmer, of Nottineharothire, secons'ed the resolution, stating that he 'storied to support the present argument by fact', and by facts alone, such as would prove to them what was the real coaditien of the !shouting elutes, who were the twain springs of preduetion and of strength. (Hear, hear.) In the county in which he lived the wages of the Itheuriag men had boon reduced from 120. to 10s. a week, and in some parts to 9.. This was the Lmina: reduction, but in point of fact it h a d b een st ill greeter, owine to he large amount of surplus labour, which was the means of keeping a vast number of men out of employ. A correspondent in the neighbouring county of Leicestershire had informed him that during a coa st limb's portion of the winter oily a small number of I hewers wero employed, and daring • certain pried of that season eight of them had been seen begging —not ask leg for meaty, bat for the masts of °boasting work. Now, on loultieg at the system of management adopted by some of our great landlords, be turned to the estates of Sir Robert Peel, where he certainly expected to find perfection. (Hisses, groans, and loud cries of Traitor, traitor.") He was justified in saying this, after the great public document which Sir Robert Peel had *sued to his tenantry. (Heir, hear.) He expected to &el the labour, re on the Kinesbary props ty—which was close to Drayton Manor—welt housed and well fed ; but what did he find instead, and in • part of the county where the Lams varied in extent from 500 to 400 acres, which, in proportion to the silt of the county, might be constdered • large number ? Why, instead of finding the labouring popu'eti in comfortably located. as he hats expected. lie discovered that the Enelise labourer was being gradually displaced by the low-priced Irish lebeurer—(hear, hear)—who were employed ter little or no money peymeot. (Cries cf Shame ! Shame !) And who had no cottages to live in or beds to sleep in, but were obliged to dwell in barns and out hews s. This was the state of things he found on one of the estates of Sr! lb sheet Peel. (Groan, and cries of " traitor.") And from the facts he had mentioned, he draw this con. lesion, that the system adopted on the property alluded to, had the effect of depressing the English labourer without dentine the Irish labourer. (Hear, hear.) He would now c Wee the den of another lion of the day. (" Hear, hear" and laughter.) They would recollect that hie. Villiers, M.P. for Welverhsnaptoo, bed once stated that 91 millions had been saved to this country by the reduction in the price of pr mei out. It ap peared, however, that since the year 1542, the poor rates at Wolverhampton had been gradually it:creating, and it was quite clear that 91 millions had not been saved. It had, in tact, been lest to one els*, and had not been gained by any oth-r. (Hear, hear) He (Mr. Chewier) went en to observe that two thirds of the people of this country were dependant upon agricultural pursuits 'or their livieg, and he Imes persuaded that agricultere never was in a less fl swish ing state. It the present price of produce were maintained, the tenant farmers and occupiers of land would never be able to pay their labourers Durine the list winter great effuse were made by the farmers to employ the people, and tbry were now taunted because they had not been able to do so. If the labourers had been sent to the ocor house. u they now must b•, the consequ aces would hive been of a most painful nature. If the present state of affairs c 'Queued to ex:at they might stem the torrent till after harvest, but he was sure that in the end they would combatse together, and if they did so, was it likely thst the tenant farmers would mount their horses to prevent them ? 'Cheers and cries of "We would help them.") As regret led the hied owners, he need only say, that if tles y would stick to their tenants, the tenants would stick to them—(loud cheers and waving of hats)—and they would support the crows as well as the landlords. (Hear, hear.) Landlord., as a class, bad conterred gym ben. fits upon the country, but he complained, in reference to the present movement, that they hail latterly left them not only to do all the e ork, but also to pay the expenses. (Lettgleter end chem.) He then made some observations respecting the malt duty, a tax, he sat 1, which compelled them to pay from 75 to 1(0 per cent. • for an article before they could use it. This he considered • ' most unjust and unneceseary burden upon the people of this c meaty. (Hear, hear.) Sir Robert Peel (he was sorry to allude to his name again) had stated that the lased of the 'sheering man should be free from taxation, and yet he (Mr. Chewier) could enumerate fifteen articles, consisting of eatables or drinkable' cenaumed by the labouring classes, which produced a revenue to Atte country of thirteen millions and a half. Notwithstanding this fact, the " wiseacre," Sir Rebut Peel, said the food of the workieg people ought not to be taxed. Now as to the duty en malt. He would observe that very little of that commo dity was consumed by the higher classes, but that the great bulk of it was consumed by the working people. With the exception of a few cider counties, there could be no doubt that throughout England the almost univenal b e ge amongst the working population was malt liquor. (Hear, hear.) One obmrvation he wished to make tespecting the Great Exhibition of 1861. (" Hear, hear," hisses, and laughter.) Of this he could only say, that a "mare's nut" had been discovered in this country, and in that mare's nest Prince Albert had been found. Now he (Mr. Chew ier) begged to declare, that in offering these remarks, he meant no disrespect to his Sovereign or to the Prince; but he could not refrain from saying that the results of the treat exhibition would not prove so satisfactory as they were expected to be. The resolution was then put, and was carried unani mously, Mr. BALL, of Burwell, Cambridgeshire, proposed the second resolution "That this meeting attributes the de pression and distress of the agricultural, colonial, shippirg, and other interests to the rule and impolitic changes in the laws which had long regulated the importation of foreign productions. That it is of opinion that those laws were based on the most just principles and dictated by the sound est policy—that under their salutary influence the British nation had attained an unexampled state of prosperity and a proud pre-eminence in the scale of nations, and that it thew object and spirit in fostering end protecting native industry be finally abandased, many of the most important interests of the state will be sacrificed, and the national prosperity and greatness be seriously impaired." He (Mr. Ball) thought the unfortunate position in which tLis country was placed, and which the present resolution pointed oat, was in a great measure caused by the Rouse of Commons having disregarded their petitions. (Hear, bear.) The ministers had been truss to the principles they folmerly professed. When L ird John Russell came into office the voice of the country was not in favour of free trade, but the general body of the people ral lied round the banner of protection. Instead, however, of maintaining protection, the government had struck it down —blasted the hopes of the peep's, and proved themselves unfaithful to the constituency of the country. (Cheers.) The advocates of protection had not been beaten by fair and legitimate mean., but by the treachery of those who had be trayed them. The time had arrived when they should exert' all their energies to carry out the principles of this use elation, and he had great pleasure iu moving the resolution which he had read. (Cheers ) • • Mr. d. A. WILLIAMS, of Wiltshire, seconded the mat Italie. He stood there deputed from the county from which be came to protest against the treatment which, ea a class, the occupiers of the soil had suffered from her Majesty's ministers and the legislature. Despite the warnings of those like the noble duke ia the chair. they had persisted in a measure which would reduce the tenant farmers of England to beggary. An individual whose name Its (*rebore to mention, as it grated on the tars of every rimer, some years ago laid it down that sore Mild not be cultivated for less than 565. per quar ter, and on those 114ures leases had been entered into, mad on that calculation was based the tithe commutation; sad last year, when they were selling their wheat at 425., Obey had to pay tithe on an average of Ski. 10d.; and this year, when wheat was selling at 364., they p►id tithe at an average of .535. Ile maiutaiusd that the industrious classes were alone made to bear the burdens of this measure, while capital and proper'y sere exempt. The resolution was then put and carried. Professor AYTOUN, of Edinburgh (editor of Black mood's Magazine), who was reswiv. d with great cherries( ' said h. hen been desired rather thee requested, en behalf of the Sa ittish Protective A.sucia•i tit, to attend this mest• is,. end move one of the iesolutlons. It would be wrong 83otlend, so deeply interested as she was in the questioa of protection, was not to come forward and testify to the tossmry of England her sympethy in the cause they Wife m•t t advocate. Scotland we. peruape more intereated in the maintenanceot protection than eves England was. Ye- lase is pedal si iiss ware Me stiriesitand improve- meets, not being morn than seventy yeah old. Town and country were equally interested in this question, and he was terry to say that in the high lands the desolation had begun. He feared that it was to Scotland that this country owed a certain clam called political economists. (" Hear, hear," and laughter.) He did not mean the father of them, Adam Smith, whose work Mr. Cobden took about with him, and whose comments on him were to be valued at their true worth. Mr. M'Cul loch, a Scottish political economist, who had been among the earliest professors of free trade, had of late seemed to discover that it was not so invaluable a boon u he had supposed. An other Se itch political economist, an ornament of the House Commons—(laughter)—Mr.of Mliregor, bad won the , hearts of the free traders by saying that the nation would improve at the rata of two millions a week when the corn law was swept awn, —(laughter)—and it was said in Glasgow that he was the political tutor of Sir R ibert Peel. Chia was an itge in which men had been lOW, befooled by figures than anything else. Os ELier," and laughter.) It had been a delusion in .former times that whatever ap peared in the newspapers must be true. That had paned away, but figures and statistics had taken the place of that de lusion, and it was because statesmen had not seen the absur dity of this that the present misetief and distress had (in curred. Scotland of late years had been much commended with regard to farming, and the farmers of England were always told by Sir R ibert Peel and his followers to look at the Lothians. In the beginning of this year the farmers of the Lothians le atified that they were not only not making a shilling, but that, under the present system, all their in dustry, skill, and frugality were in vain, as long as this in cubus weighed on them. (Hear, hear.) I• tem+ di covered by a Mr. Ceded, whn was indoctrinating Sir R. Peel in agri culture, that they had not farmed high enough. Thegrowing of potatoes on peat moss was advised by Mr. Caird as the remedy for all want of protecion. Mr. Mechi—(laughter and eheers)—a gentleman whou rat in were undeniable, had been teaching the fanners to shave close, and the evil spirit of free trade had at last gon• into Mr. Huxtabl. 'a swine. (" liver," and laughter.) The misery of the High lands did sot date solely from the repeal of the corn laws, but from the noxious tariffs of Sir It. Peel, which had re duced the price of produce ene half; and he believed that the British fleet was now victualled by Lreien provision,. (" Shame.") Free trade was weeding out the Highland.: the stream of emigration was flowing from every port, and sinless the government were made to retrace their steps, Scotland would soon be brought to tee erudition she was in when the Heritable Jurisdiction Act was repea'en ; and, in short, she would become much what Ireland was. The crowding of labourers from the country into the towns was swamping the labour of the artisan and was one of the causes of that distress which had been so feelingly described by the Merning Cheonick. It seemed that it was the object of the ministry end the free•tradera to force all labour into the towns. For the first tine in hi•tory a *big Chancellor of the E xchequer had a s u rpl us w hi c h would have been a large deficit but for the income tax laid on by Sir R. Peel, by solemn promises that it was temporary a d would be removed is a limited time. (Hear.) How did that tax work on farmers ? Hai they paid it from their profits ? (No, no.) Then it was a crying iniquity. The hon. gentlemen concluded by express's,/ his oe!ies that the feel sees and determination of the agriculturists of E inland and Scotland were united in obtaining the repeal of the tree trade measures, and that when the red fires of St. George and the white cr , ata of St. Andrew were blend, d ne feared no Cobden. (Very great cheering.) He move d t h e follow ing resolution : " That this meeting attribu'es the depreision and distress of the agricultural, colonial, shipping, and 'they interests to the rash nd impolitic changes in the laws which had long regulated the impertatam of foreign productions ; that it is of opinion that those laws were based on the most just principles and dictat id by the sounitst policy that, Mill' their salutary iofi ience, the British nutlet, had at taked an unexampled state of pr verily and a proud pre emie, ore in the 'cafe of nations; Red that if their it cts and spirit in fostering and protecting native industry he finally abandoned, many of the most important interests of the state will be sacrificed, and the national prosperity and greatness be ruinously impaired." - • Sir MATTHEW WHITE RIDLEY, 71• rt, of Nerthi.m be eland, wended the reeoltrioi.. Hr had been deputed by the agriculturists' of Northumberland to depose bet .re this meeting to certain facts which had occurred in that county. A deputation from that county had attended a preliminary meeting yesterday, and placed a series of facts in his hands to lay before the meeting, in order to m at certain declare tions which has been made, most urjustifithly, in parlia ment with legged to N irthumberl and. Toe decided feeling of the majority of the farmers of Narthumberlen I were represented by him, and they denied that free trade had nut affected their interest., bath agricultural and reining. A circul-r had been printed stating certain tuts with regard to the non-relinquishment of farm., the nog-reduetien of rents, and the keeping up of wages, with which he was thereto &al. It had been stated in parliament by Sir G. Grey, that there had not been any diminution in it e wages of egricultund labourers in the; part of Nnthumberlend with which be was connected. Now, in the norther' divlden, and aloe in part of the southern divisioa of the county, the labourer, were hired in May by the year, and as this was said is Feb ruary, how was it possible that there could tee tiny reduction in wages when the agreement of May, 1849, was still bind ing? (" Hear," and cheers.) In the southern nivision, where men were not hoed by the year, wages had been much reduced, and that in a week alter the declaration of Sir George Grey. More farm, had been abandoned last year than bed happened in many year.. Rents had been in almost every inetence seduced, and tl.use rents that had been paid had been paid out of capital. (Hear, bear.) In the towns of Newcastle, Morpeth, Alowick, and Berrien. the shopkeepers had nut anything like the business they had been accustomed to do in former year", by at leag thirty-fire per cent., and tite trades men in those towns stated that they never had such difficulty in getting in their bills from their agricultural cu•to,ners. Jr. Newcastle 7,000 persons were !Taira g out door relief, besides those who were in the workhouse, and the rates had much increased. It Lad been siid by E irl Grey, that he did not consider his estates in N.rthumberdenci nad been depreciated in value. Now, that noble anti was po•sessed of a faroi which was considered one of the priniest and most valuable in the county in the barley and turcip mils, and which was tenanted by a most intelligent and el - terprising man. The rent paid ter it until this month was 2,2401. a year. The tenant had lately announced that he could not pay more than 1,600 i. a year, which was refused, and the farm was advertised, and the only ten s ible offer list was made for it was ',VOL The consequence was. teat that farm was now in the course of being occupied by Earl Grey himself. (Haar, hear.) With these facts before Lim, would he again tell the house that his property had not depreciated. (Hear, bear.) He could secret that the county of Northumberland had been depreciated in point of pro perty as regarded landlords, tenant., and tradesmen. (Cetera.) The resolution was put and carried. - - --- Mr. JOHN J. ALLNA CT. of Wallingford, Berke, moved the next resolution : "'Chat no relief trona general or local taxation, which is resistant with the maintenance of national faith and Vie etficienc) of public establishments, can enable the British and c-loni producer to maintain a successful competition with foreign productione, and that the only hope of replacing the age:cultural and other British interests in a state of prosperity rests on the re-establistionnt of a system of import duties." Three distinct principles were enumerated in this resclu tioa The great establishments and insti:utiou of this country had been jeopardised merely to try an experiment, which had signally failed, and the loyalty for which the yeo manry was once so famed wu now shaken by these insane laws. They had a right to say to any government theylhave no right, end they dared not put their hand into your pockets and rob you. (Great cheers.) It Wes said the country had gained 91 millions from the agricultural inte rest, and if they had been robbed of this, had they not the right to be exempted from taxation to that amount ? If they were to be thus robbed, he warned the fundholder that his turn would come, and the word " national faith" would not be found in the vocabulary of the farmer. There ought to be some understanding an to how those who were paid by the state at rates which were consistent with corn, at ia/e. • quarter, were now to be paid. Wrier' was the financial reform feeling of Cubien and Bright when they refused to vote for Mr. Henley's motion and supported the previous question. The hon. gentleman then went at some length into the question of the reduction of labourers' wages, and went oa to say that the (semen ot England would not go " whin ing" to the House ot Commons, but wculd raise their heads erect, and demand their riots. (Great cheering.) Mr. WATSON, of Keeler (a Scotch farmer). seconded the resolution—and said that he was deputed by the farmers of Scotland to say, that they were heart and soul with the protectionists ot that country—and while they had bzen looking on with interest on the proceedings of this country. they had not been quite idle, but had received the support of • portion of the perm, which was neither to be bought nor sold. (Hear, hear.) Those who had attempted to deceive the tenant farmers of England with the humbug of Scotch farming were not the practial farmers of that country. This resolution was also carried unanimously. - - Mr. CALDECOTT, from Colchester, moved the nest re solution (the 6:12), entrusted to him by a body of dele gates: " That the members of the various delegations from all parts of the United Kingdom now present, cannot win rate without recording their deep sense of the invaluable services rendered to the cause of protection by the noble President, the respected chairman of the acting committee, and the other members of the committee o f th e Na'ioss l Association, in whom the whole agricultural commonly re pose the most deserved and unbounded coefileace, and they earnestly recommend to their fellow-countrymen, who desire the restoration of protection as the leading principle of legis. lative policy, to 'tappet the association; and whatever di:- retina of opinion may prevail on minor points, unitedly to follow its energetic but prudent guidance, in the great struggle in which they are engaged.' Mr. MODEM, of East More, Sussex, seconded the reso lution, and in doing so made some remarks on the report of the Times cammii-sioner on Sussex as to a farmer, in the neighbourhood of Brighton, who had made • profit et 9001. • year by his farm. It was utterly untrue. (Cheers.) It was unanimously weed to. Mr. GEORGE 110DDINOTON, of Batton Coldfield, Warwickshire, moved tee neat resolution : t• That a me morial to the Bight lion, the First Lord of the Treasury be prepared, foundsd on the foregoing resolutions, protesting in the strongest manner against the continuance ut the present sys:em of minified free trade,' and solemnly casing ou the administration, of which his lordship' it , the head, the hi.a.y responsibility of rejecting the appeals of the peop.o for the abaniknment of that sy 'Urn ; sod that a deputation be appointed fur the purpose of presenting the same to his lord. ship, and of reprseenting te him the present critical and alarming position of many districts of tbecountrj" —which was seconded by Mr. tiaaur litociaris, of lirrefordshire, and earned unanimously. A vote of thanks to the noble chairman was moved by the Kul of EULINTON and seconded by Lad Joaw Marais*. situ which the meeting separated. r I