The Press. — London, England, 1857-01-10 00:00:00

I 38 THE TITLEPANE AND INDEX TO THE FOURTH VOLUME OF " THE PRESS" I s published as a Supplement (gratis) to This Day's Number. TO CORRESPONDENTS.I It is impossible to acknowledge the mass of letters we receive. Their insertion is often delayed owing to a press of matter, and when omitted, it is frequently front reasons quite inde pendent of the merits of the communication. We cannot undertake to return communications of which we lu not avail ourselves. Communications should always be legibly written, and on one aide of the paper only. If lung it increases the difficulty of finding apace for them. Whatever is intended for insertion must he authenticated by the name and address of the writer, not necessarily for publka• 'ion, but as a guarantee of his good faith. . . Advertisewents ;eta from the country Inuit be accompanied by a remittance or a referenoe for payment in town. TERNS OF SUBSCRIPTION FOR Etc Puss: (STAMPED) Per Annum .. .. • • Half Yearly.. .. Qua/icily .. .. raTam.r: IN ADVANCE. - 11 6 0 .. 0 13 0 .. 0 6 6 Subscribers are requested to send their orders through News Agents; if direct to the ()Mee, accompanied by a remittance. Advertisements also must have a reference or remittance. Money Orders to be made midge to Mr. ALFRED Iva, 110, Strand, London. vio ortgg. LONDON, SATURDAY, JANUARY 10, 1857. POSTSCRIPT. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon at the official residence of Lord Palmerston, Downing street. THE EAST. A despatch from Constantinople of the 2nd instant states that the English fleet had received orders to prepare to lef.vc the Black Sea for England. The Shah has written an autograph letter to the Sultan, asking his advice and assistance. A despatch received in Paris from Marseilles states that Redschid Paella has concluded a loan of twelve millions sterling from Mr. Wilkins, the representa tive of a body of English capitalists. The loan is negotiated at par. and the interest is fixed at six per cent. Six or eight millions sterling are to he advanced to the Government, and the remainder will be devoted to the organisation of a hank, the regit • larisation of the coinage, and the withdrawal of the paper money. A rumour prevailed at Constantinople that the Cir cassians had defeated a Russian corps of 10,000 men near Ileyduk. _ The Tines correspondent at Constantinople, writing on the 29th ult., says Some changes have taken place in the Ministry•. Ali Ghalib Pacha, a son of Redschas, and son-in-law of the Sultan, has left the Ministry ; and in his stead Mukhtar Pacha, late Minister of Finance, has been named Minis ter of the Imperial House and of the Mint. Musa Safeti Pacha goes fri4m the Ministry of Commerce to that of Finance, and Ishmael niche tikes his place in the Minis. try• of Commerce. SPAIN. Intelligence from Madrid to the 3rd inst. states that M. Bravo Murillo, who had been dangerously ill, was a little better. M. Nareiso de la Escosura. brother of the ex- Minister of the Interior of that name, who was lodged in prison some days before, had been released. Between fifty and sixty of the leading men of the Progressist party in the provinces of Tarragona and Reuss had been arrested. At Valencia an attempt had been made to create disturbanc.!s against the town dues, but it bad MR. BAILLIE COCHRANE AT LANARK. MR. B.►uaaE COCHRANE was returned for Lanark on Monday without opposition. Mr. Cochrane ad. dressed the electors, and in the course of his remarks alluded to the illiberal misrepresentations made against his religion: creed. Because hs was an Episcopalian, an•t worshipped his God after the manner of his fathers, he did not think that any man THE PRESS. was entitled to turn against him, or to consider him disqualified to represent the borough in Parliament. He was for toleration in religion : The word which is written on my heart, and should, I think, be written over every portal, is toleration. will support the Church of your country; I will sup port the Established Church of England, of which I am a member; but I will not join in abuse of Roman Catho licism, or of any form of Christian worship ; nor can 1 believe that an absence of charity is the best means of pro moting the interests of Christianity. (Cheers.) I feel the force of the words of your own Dr. Chalmers, that any form of Christianity is be•.ter than none at all. On the question of foreign policy he believed that of non-intervention to be the best principle we could observe with small and all States:— If yon want to get rid of taxation. and not to be in volved continually in continental wars, you must act on the principle of nonintervention in the affairs of other countries, which you do carry out with reference to the great powers. I remember in 1848 that Lord Normanby was then Ambassador in Paris. Well, Louis Philippe was driven from the throne, Lamartine was made President, and then Cavaignac succeeded Lamartine, but Lord Nor. manby still remained ambassador. But in the case of Naples, where I grant the tyranny of the King, you think it right to coerce him with fleets and interfere with his mode of government ; if you carried out the principle to the full there would be something in it. Why, if you could release those poor men who aro groaning under despotism and tyranny, you would be doing something. Bnt this we did not do : All you do is to excite the hopes of the people of Italy, to rouse those unhappy men to action and rebellion, but when the time comes for helping them you walk off. You indulge in all those philanthropie j feelings, which are very pleasant topics on the hustings, and these unfortunate people believed you were really going to assist them, but when they are up in arms you withdraw, and then you begin fresh regrets and indulgences, when all the poor revolutionists are taken up and put into prison. That is what I object to. I s:ty that Lord Palmerston does not carry out the policy of intervention to tho proper extent. Why, you neither do one thing nor another. But while I hate and abominate tyranny in whatever shape it may be developed, yet as to our policy with other countries, the wisest thing we can do is to keep at home and leave them to light their own battles themselves. Mr. Cochrane concluded his address with allusions to matters of local interest, and retired amidst the very hearty cheers of the people. PRISON DISCIPLINE. AT the Bristol Quarter Sessions on Wednesday, in his recorder's charge, Mr. Sergeant Kinglake made the following suggestive remarks upon the important subject of penal discipline : Whilst all good people are trying their utmost to ascer tain what might be a useful mode of interposing between the criminal and his future commission of crime, there is a large class of persons who are of opinion that attention ought to be called to the reformatory discipline of our gaols. I will not say a word with reference to what is called the reformatory discipline of gaols. I am sure that every Christian feeling and every right feeling will go along with me in thinking that every oppor tunity should be given for the reformation of criminals in our gaols; but, whilst pursuing that remedy, T am quite sure it would be a wrong and a fatal error if we forgot that the gaol is not altogether a place for reformation, but that it is a place of punishment, and that that punishment should be carried out not merely as punishment but for the purposes of example and warning to others. Whilst, therefore, every opportunity ought to be afforded in our gaols for reforming the criminals confined therein, they must nevertheless be regarded as pluses of rigid and strict punishment. It appears to me, gentlemen, to be of much more im• portance that reformation should commence at that period at which the prisoner is freed from the incarceration of the gaol. It appears to me that the time is come when it is most desirable to see whether some scheme cannot be pro moted for allowing an interval after the prisoner is dis charged from gaol, some intermediate stage between the period of punishment and that at which he is again thrown on the wild waves of society. It is, I think, one of the great errors of our system of punishment that when a man has undergone a certain and limited period of time in the gaol, the doors are opened and he is thrown on society, and, like a drown:mg man, catches at the first plank that presents itself to his Tench. Is this proper ? After the period of punishment is over, some wholesome intermediate stage ought to he provided, during which the man who has been an offender may, by his good conduct and habits, show that he has benefited by his punishment, and that he has resolved to give np the criminal habits which he bad previously acquired and exercised. THE RECENT GALES AND SHIPWRECKS. THE heavy E.N.E. gale at the close of last week caused much destruction of property and the loss of several lives off the coast. Between Flam b)rough-head and the mouth of the Tyne some thirty or forty wrecks are reported to have occurred, in several instances the vessel going down with all hands. At Hartlepool and in its vicinity, on Sunday SATURDAY, morning, between ten and eleven, a schooner, name unknown, with part of her mast carried away, was observed to go down in the bay, some short distance from the shore, with all on board. A similar cala mity is reported to have happened to two other schoo ners and a brig in the bay, thousands of spectators lining the beach without being able to render the least help to the unfortunate crews. Several vessels were also sunk at the mouth of the harbour. At Redcar five or six vessels were driven ashore. On the Norfolk coast the gale has been very destructive to shipping. Happily the crews of the stranded vessels were enabled to save themselves. The ac counts from the more western portions of the Eng lish Channel speak of similar formidable weather sweeping the coast. The screw steamer Dunaskin, Captain M'Farlane, of Troon, with a crew of eleven men, besides the master, bound to Bristol from Lisbon, was totally lost on the night of Thursday on the Longships. Off Milford Haven anti the neigh bouring coast several vessels were driven ashore. At Rhyl a lamentable accident occurred in the swamping of the lifeboat, on her way to a stranded vessel. The entire crew of the boat, thirteen men, were drowned on the spot. But the most serious accident was the loss, off the Goodwin Sands, on Monday night., of the Ostend mail packet Violet. The Violet, it appears, left Ostend harbour with the Belgian mails on board between seven and eight o'clock on Monday evening, and was due at Dover at midnight. At day• break on Tuesday morning a fisherman saw a wrecked vessel on the outer edge or southern spit of the Goodwin, but in consequence of the fearful sea that raged round it he could not approach near enough to ascertain more clearly the character and size of the unfortunate vessel. Her foremast was still standing, and it was evident that she had struck on the sand during the night. Lloyd's agent, at Ramsgate, sub sequently obtained other information, and in the course of Tuesday he telegraphed to Lloyd's that a vessel on the Goodwin was supposed to be the Ostend mail steamer. She was commanded by Captain Lyne, one of the most experienced mas ters on the station, and manned by a crew of seven teen bands. The company have reason to believe that, besides the mail guard, she had only one pas senger on board, three others having fortunately declined at Ostend to make the voyage on so tem pestuous a night. The cause of her loss is supposed to be through the captain mistaking the Gull Lights for those of the South Foreland, and steamed right on the southern edge of the Goodwin. The bodies of three stokers, lashed to a lifebuoy, were picked up floating about, on Wednesday, by the Ramsgate life boat, as well as some cabin furniture, and a small black trunk, marked " Arthur Majendie, Esq." The vessel is visible at low water, end sits upright in the sand, funnel gone, decks, bulkheads, cabin doors, &c., all washed away. There were other disasters in the vicinity of the Downs. The Licn went ashore at Kingsdown ; crew saved. The Reliance, Mr. Dixon, master, which only left the Thames a few darn since, with a valuable cargo of merchandise, was driven ashore near n•almer Castle. The life boat was promptly put off, and succeeded in taking off the crew. Off the North Foreland the Vietory lugger, belonging to Margate, was struck by a heavy sea, and almost immediately went down, with all hands—poor fellows who had put off to render aid to vessels in distress. A large American ship, the Northern Belle, of New York, was also driven ashore at Kingsgate, near the North Foreland. The crew of this vessel were in the rigging all night, aril suffered severely, but were rescued in the morn ing by the Broadstairs lifeboat. On Yarmouth Beach upwards of twelve colliers and coasters were driven ashore by the force of the storm. The crews were saved. At Lowestoft the losses were nearly as numerous. Altogether the gale has proved one of the most destructive for years past. The submarine cable was also temporarily carried away, through a ship fouling it with her anchors, and carry ing away both cables one after the other. The con • pany at once took measures to repair the mischief. THE AnYnta.ry with a view to test the simple and practical means of lowering ships' boats at sea, in vented by Mr. Clifford, have had repeated trials made of the new apparatus, which have been attended in every instance with perfect success. The most severe test was made on Saturday last by IL M.S. Dee, ordered out to sea in the gale then blowing. Shortly before she was brought to anchor, and while she was steaming at full speed, her starboard cutter, which bad been fitted with Clifford's lowering apparatus, and was hanging immediately abaft the paddle-box, was manned with her full crew (nine men) and instantly unlashed, lowered, and entirely freed from the ship by one of the crew only in the boat. It was scarcely possible to subject the plan to a more severe trial, from the severity of the gale blowing at the time, and which was expressly chosen. The result has been pronounced extremely satisfactory, not a single drop of water having entered the boat.