The Express. — London, England, 1861-09-12 00:00:00

HARKONIUMB.-NIEW MODIL CLAIM, SIAM sad a. SOL C•61144. LOYSEIP3 HYDROSTATIC TEA asKIOO7I3I PILILIJOLATuIt to Fa.** ear. Moatead= ovoostamt. Groat soma. tet,oo4 load. Till= as. rot tr. —J. 0 +UM Mionit 211. Conossalisol. LC, Woot.otot depot. I. lU.llikikoolt, M. ghe erpreols. BAYMAftkT. TM Zips. THE 41':i - A — ATIMI . WIND. Mho I. Leelereq. KX %sows. Porkalowa. C. Malbwws, and com p s.; UM Mal hi,. awl Iln. L —And PAI L PIT. Mr. C. Macho.' gaol Mrs. C. Nallaaws.—Commewas at T. rurur M u . Rom llemelk RICIDD/ AND POVIATY. Mend& Reyn o ld, ono! M. Prover —The 'artist Kaaksity. —GIs on TUE PAK.IoNs . THE GREAT VIRUS INF 1/3NOUN.To emu hole Arlith the 2.0 and &a %do of KOI 20T.—Coanneume at it.at past ZION DAT= AT IDNDON BRUM& MO DAT —.Mara 7IA Attarnoun, 7k. :ITA. solgell —Minim ID 17...... aborkuou, Wt. Da. LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPT. 12. TO OUR READRRB. SPORTING LNTELLIORSCR. A :ate editiuu 4 the Express is published every evening during the racing season, containing the results a the day's races. FllO/1 certain indications in American news papete we may fairly assume that the Morrill Tariff is not a favourite with the whole of the Northern people. Tlwre are such good reasons why it should not be, that there seems nothing wonderful in any opposition that may arise ; bu t . the plain fact is, the question of free trade is not at all understood in that section of the Republic, any more than the economy of free labour is un derstood es thy other. It is nut necessary to have travelled there to be aware of the popular igno rance on ecoi teal subjects, or of the odd popular contempt of political economy, as of something so apart from morality as to deserve no heed from high-minded cameos. A vast deal of contempt is lavished upon Englishmen and French men fur thinking so much about a matter of mere cotton and iron duties ; and when any explana tion is made of the mond and social bearings of • Protectionist policy, the charge is brought that Europeans care leas for slavery than for an affair of trade policy. All this matters nothing, except to the Americans themselves ; but to them the mistake is in every way of the gravest conse quence. A few Artful and interested men, de luding a few more who are inexperienced in busi ness, and entirely adrift in questions of political economy, ,have hitherto undertaken to speak for the Aniencan people, and have been for the meet part uncontr.i.licted. For a time they have naturally sew:ed.:4 in putting their own notions into iudolcut minds, and their own lauguage into the moutiis of superficial talkers. There must be an end of this apparent unanimity sours day, and that day must be, if not sooner, whenever the great public of consumers discovers that it is pay ing dear fur everything it buys, and suffering under a restriction or paralysis of its industry, for the supposed benefit of some fractional parts of the population, who have taken advantage of the popular ignorance to grasp a monopoly for themselves at the expense of the community. It was scarcely to be hoped that the day of awaken ing, or at least of suspicion, was so near ; but, by various indications, it appears that it is at band. Sometimes the passionate tone against free-trade doctrines betrays fear. Sometimes notices to cor respondents show that there has been • suppression of objections or inquiries. Sometimes the argu ments for protection are gone over again with an exaggeration which tells of shaken conviction somewhere. Hut the newest demonstration is the oddest. The organ of the Protectionists, the New Tedmee, has found • mare's nest, and is so excessively busy about it as to show the extreme need of such a discovery. A month or more ago the Tribolie announced that " the Customs " tariffs of Europe were undergoing • thorough " examination by WILLIAM ELIIZR," for the infor mation of Congress first, and of the public after wards. This looked well.. A sound study of thecae° is all that is desired. Rut Congress and the public, it appears, are not to be allowed to study and judge of the case for themselves, but to look at such points as the deputy-examiner chooses to present, and in such a light as he may think fit to admit. After a preparatory hint to draw atten tion, the Tribune goes off, in article• of three columns long, on • discovery of Mr. &nee's, or its own, that the new French commercial treaty, and the arrangements of the Zollverein, and other European tariffs, are framed for the protection of French, German, and other industry, the conclu• aion from which is that Americans may also frame a tar , ff foot the protection of their own industry. The American public will hear nothing of any dif ference in the antecedents of the cases. There will be nothing said to remind them that the Euro pean nation■ are old, and working their way out of worn-out institutions and ancient errors with difficulty and delay, while the Americans profess to be in advance of the Old World, and destined and resolved to start from the vantage ground of knowledge and experience in all social affairs. There will be nothing said to remind them of ages of monopolies, of con tunes of guilds, and of the whole range of prohi bitory duties which every European polity has passed through ; nor of the close-locked system of class legislation which it is the task of this age and generation to break through. They will hear nothing that can be kert back of the relaxations of French and other duties, but only of those which remain, and the evils and abuses which must wait awhile for abolition are erected into • pattern and • warrant for American legislation. Our countrymen will bo amused to see how the Triimar makes out that the new commercial treaty with France is framed for the protection of native industry in England as well as in France. We need not waste space in showing how this is set about, nor in proving that it cannot be done honestly and intelligently both. It is difficult to give the credit for such ignorance of the history of commerce and of this treaty as alone can save its honesty ; and this is the reason why it is n.•ceaery to warn the American public to bed into the matter for themselves in stead of judging by the case dressed up for them. lint for the purpose of keeping them in the dark, no citizen end no journal would, in these days of crisis, spend time and effort in proving what everybody knows, and nobody dis putes—the existence of protective duties in France am! Germany. The real object is the false in ference that the protection which still exists on sufferance in Francs is the same thing as the pro teen. 41 devised afresh in a new country of flourish ing nninstry, inhere the great body of consumers of all commodities are themselves the law makers. The people only need to be induced to study the matter for themselves. Already there are mutter ings of titsr.fistea.t from the fertile West which have set men pn.plitsying that there will he another arcession there by and-by, if trade is not made free iu good time. The great commercial clam in the ports may be trusted to assert their own rights, when duly supported by the great body of con sumers. The foremost advocates of class legisla tion seem to be the ironmasters of Pennsylvania and the manufacturers of New England ; and neither of them have a case which can stand an hour's steady examination. Pennsylvania is not a State beloved by neighbours, though powerful for other reasons. ►t has more than once forfeited its public credit ; it forced Mr. Iti - eirassx upon the country as Presi dent, at the cost of the Morrill Tariff. It was a regiment from that State which quitted the battle ground at Bull's Run when the guns had actually opened fire, because its term was up ; and the re lations of many of its citizens with the Confede rates are found to be very suspicious. It takes advantage of its own doubtful character to impose on the nation a scarcity and high price of iron, for the benefit of its ironmasters ; and the nation should consider whether it will submit to this. The protected parties themselves insist that they produce better iron and steel than England, and at a practically cheaper rate. If so, the natural question is, why they forfeit so much credit and good-will for duties which must be a dead letter. If, on the other hand, they cannot produce enough iron and steel of equal quality with the English for the nation's use, will the nation submit to gowithout the English commodity to enrich the Pennsylvania ' masters with artificial profits ? At the Sheffield banquet, last week, the fact was published that the hardware trade with France has increased fifty per cent. since the Commercial Treaty came into operation ; and the French people are now enjoy ing those advantages of supply and price which Pie Americans are deprived of by the Morrill Tariff. As to the quality of the steel, opposite accounts are given. Thu Americans declare that their steel is so much bettor than ours that our axes and other implements cannot compete with theirs in any market ; whereas the complaint in England of the otherwise admirable sewing macl . • :s is that the needles are of steel so set as to be nearly useless ; and a supply of English needles is necessary to set them to profitable work. .t fair and free competition is the only possible jus tice to all parties. This brings us to the New England case. The rocky States on the Northern frontier have rendered their woods profitable by turning them into machinery for the cotton manu facture ; and thus all purchasers of cotton manu factures, from New Orleans to Nebraska and Maine, are taxed to sustain e,rt artificial industry in a small area of the country. New Orleans is aware of the fact, and complains of it to all the world ; Nebraska will follow ; and Maine is awakening, if we may judge by the complaints of the Portland newspaper of the destruction of its commerce by tFe Morrill Tariff. Rocky States must support themselves of course, but not by taxing the com munity. The furniture manufacture utilizes the woods to a considerable extent : and the making of machinery would be a boundless resource if the metals of Europe were admitted free. As Mr. BAZLET pointed out in his excellent address at the Manchester meeting last week, the piracy of European inventions has much to do wi.h the protective system of America. The whole scheme is ono of robbery. It has robbed European inventors of the profits of their genius. It has robbed the Southern States of millions, in artificial prices of manufactured commodities, thus, at the same time, by raising the value of negro labour rivetting the fetters of the slave. It has robbed England of five millions of pounds sterling a year by the same process for cotton alone ; and finally, it has robbed, and is robbing every citizen at home who buys almost anything in any market or store, of a certain pro portion of the price which is levied as a tribute to the classes or cliques who have passed a law in their own favour, through the ignorance of the public whom they despoil. It will be the broadest satire ever passed upon the popular ignorance of political economy and morality in the Republic i° the citizens now let themselves be beguiled into mistaking the approaches towards free trade in France for a sanction to protection, and even pro hibition, in America. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 12, 1861. Ur Court. BALUORAL. Swrranws 10. The Queen and Prince Consort went out riding yesterday afternoon. Prince Alfred west out roues shooting with Sir C. Phipps. Prises Louie at Hesse west out deer stalking. . _ The Pr imness of Hohenlohe, accompanied by Princess Alice, Prices.. Helena, and Prince Leopold, took a drive in the aftmooon. The royal dieser party included Princess Helena, Earl Russell, Mr. William Russell, Mir C. Wood, Sir James Clark, Heron Wasterweller, and the Ladies sad Gentlowan is walling. It has been intunii* tad to her Majesty's Commissioners for the International Exhibition of 11162 that the following gentlemen bays bees appointed a comminrian to attend to the internals ci sirlibitora from the Equatorial Republic, tin :—Don Prance Garcia Gaston, Consul for Equadar, 73, Mark.lare. chairman ; Don T. Filmier() Milian, anal commissioner of Ecuador ; Mr. J. Gerstsoberg, chairman of the Ecuador Lad Company; and Mr. J. D. Ponies, chairman of the Ecuador Boodholden' Committee. Despatches were meat yesterday from the Colonial-cifike to the gusernon of Canada, Gibraltar, and Malta. The Earl of Rossiya and Lady Harriett St. Clair have arrived at Claridge's Hotel from the Coo timet. Lad and Lady Carbery have left Laxton Hall for 8,,t15a.1. Her Grace the Duchess Botomayor and family love arrived at Mattrie'y's Hotel from a tour is Soaked. The Bishop of St. David's has orrivol at Mae rigy's Hoed from Abeirrili Moro, Certnerthee. Yedenlay Mrs. Peel, wife of the Very Rev. tho Dees of Worcester, died at *h. Leoeard'eon-Saa. The deaa arrived from Worcester as the previous eight, sod, with eine immediate relatives, was present when the melancholy event took place. Lady Healey had been sum. wooed by telegraph, but did sot arrive till too late. _ . The remaius of the late Earl of Mount-Edgcombe were buried in Maker churchyard, near the family mansion aI Yount-Edgcumbe, on Wednesday morning. A largo number of the neighbouring gentry and tradesmen, and of Ida lordship's tenon's, offended the funeral. The Marquio of Londonderry lute appointed tho Rev. Dr. Joseph Wolff, vicar of file Brewers, near Taunton (the well.known Eastern tr.tveller), to be his lordship e chaplain. The Duke of Marlborough lute appointed the Rev. Themes Itichsoleue, of fk. Bees College, Cumberbrod, perpetual curate of St. Matthew'. church, St. George's-lu do-Rest, to be fie graves eh.iplaia. The Rsv. Arthur Thompson Bonner, M.A., of Liaeola Cam" Oxford, curate of fit. Matthew's church, Staffnl, boa bow appoi oted outs of her Majesty's assistant inspectors of aphasia. The Bishop of Rochester has licensed the Rev. Rohert Helm', M.A.. of Trinity Came, Cambridge, late curate of Chelmsford, to the incumbency of Leverstock• green, St. Albans, in the room of the Her. Charles Thomas Frampton, M.A., on the nomination of the Earl of Ve. slam. The vacancy in the rnsident magistracy at Done gal, occurring by the death of Mr. T. A. Dillies, los been Rlie.l up by the appointment of Mr. Redingtea, county Galway. Mr. Dewily and Mr. Barry. R.M., receive 1001. • year each siklitional, which soma were placed at the dis posal of hi, E‘ccilency the Lord•Lieutenaut by the death of Mr. bake. LATEST INTELLIGE'NCIL NAPLES AND ROME. GARIBALDI'S FETE. ! A letter from Naples of the 7th, in the Italia, says :—" To-day Garibaldi, though absent, has had his triumph. The manifestion was quite of a unitary character. The national banner floated from the balconies with this inscription, ' Rou se The working moo's societies and hundreds of young men are marching through the streets with flags bearing the same motto. They are all repeating the cry 'a Boma!' coupled with the names of Victor Emmanuel and Garibaldi. Cialdini went yesterday to hear a cantata in honour of Garibaldi, and he had it announced in the bills beforehand that he would go. A Bourbouist manifestation was ap prehended, but there was not even the shadow of one. The troops, however, were under arms in their respective quarters. Not a soldier or national guard was to he seen in the streets, and the people of Naples were left entirely to thenutulvea. The English fleet is anchored before the city and all the flags are flying from the ships." At Milan, Patina, and Brescia, the fife of Gari baldi was also celebrated with great enthusiasm. At Milan almost the whole city was illuminated, and the population crowded the streets with torches and banners bearing the following inscriptions :—"To Rome ! To Venice ! Viva Garibaldi ! Viva Victor Emmanuel ! " The Paris correspondent of the /ndepewlonce says that he has received information that the party of action is gaining ground in the Pontifical Mates. The people are so impatient to get rid of the intolerable regime and national humiliation which is inflicted on Italy for the benefit of its enemies and the enemies of European liberty, that ' the eyes of all are turned towards those who are prepared, coifs qui root', to remove the impedi ments to the desires of the nation. When ever France moms to hesitate about carrying out the liberal programme of the Emperor, the name of Garibaldi rings on every side. When the cabinet of Turin is embarrassed by the resistance of Paris, the people think of the man who has been wont to act without consulting cabinets. These symptoms seem worthy of attention, for if Garibaldi has given proofs of abnegation, suggested by considerations of patriotism and the entreaties of the King, he is not the man to refuse the direct appeal of his countrymen asking to cast in their lot with that of the common country. (ftieTtlea TYLEGRAKR.) TURIN, Sm. 12. The f./yinimie of to-day publishts a despatch from Naples, announcing that Maracco, the noto rious bandit of Calabria, has made his submission. The ()pinion* adds, " This event ensures the trap• quality of Calabria." General Pettinengo, the new lieutenant of Sicily, hail left for Palermo. TIIRLY, fisrr. 11. The Gazeito di Turin() of to-day announces the arrest of Christen at Naples. AUSTRIA. VIENNA, SEPT. 11. The Archbishop of Gran has returned to Hun gary. His mission has been unsuccessfuL VIENNA, Barr. 11. The Oesterreichiothe Zritung of to-day says : "Yesterday evening the ministers agreed upon the manner in which the Diet of Transylvania should be convoked and constituted. " Baron Forgach, Count Appouyi, and other Hungarian magnates, are continually conferring together with the view of rendering a speedy con vocation of the Hungarian Diet possible." MONTENEGRO. PARIS, Sm. 11. The evening journals publish a despatch from Ragusa announcing that Dervisch Paella, with 5,000 Turitish troops, crossed the Montenegrin frontier on the 4th inst., and that Omer Pacha was preparing to follow with another division. CHINA. CANTON, J(LY 27 (vii Malta). Affairs in China and Japan are stationary. AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND. MELBOURNE, JOLT 25 (via Yalta). Disturbances have taken place at Lambing Flat Diggings. Peace with the natives of New Zealand is con sidered hopeless. THE PENLNSULAR MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, SEPT. 12. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steam ship Tags', Capt. Hall, with the above mails, arrived here this mousing. She brings 16 passengers, 4 packages specie, value 1,661. 8.. 11d.; *leo 130 boxes eggs, 1. 3 17 ditto grapes, 295 hal( chests 'anions, 89 bola* plums, 11 live oxen, and I*l packages Stlo4llBll. The Tagus experienced fine weather throughout her pas sage, and on the 9th she spoke the steam-ships Sultan and Rebecca ; on the 7th the schooner Roden, of London ; and on the 10th the steam-ship Tyne, with the outward Brazil moils. The steamer Bragansa, from Liverpool, arrived at Lisbon on the 3nl ; the Amason, from Mogadore, on the 4th ;and the Rebates, of Glasgow, on the sth. The steamer Com Lion was on shore sear Oporto. LISBON, SEPT. 7. _ _ . ' The Kiog returned from Oporto on the Sth Ind. on board the war steamer Minden°. lie ilioemburked at the Royal Aniesal, accompanied by the Infante Dom Fobs, sod, fol lowed by a guard of honour, procee,led at once to the palace. The government has not yet opened the ports for the admission of foreign grain, although the Cortes have autho rised the proceeding when necessary. It is not generally understood in England that there is a standing prohibition in Portugal to the admission of foreign grain, but for the last four yeas, before closiog the erasion, the Cortes have given leave to the government to open the ports at their discretion, a permission of which they have usually availed themselves. The weather oostiouss excautively hot, and this summer has been among the hottest on record iu Portugal, The new law which renders it compulsory to stamp foreign bills and receipts is already in operation, Exchange on London at three months is quoted 53a ; Paris, 3301; Hamburg, 48 ; Amsterlini, 42j ; Genoa, 528 ; Bootee, Three per Cents., 484 ; Coupons, 484 ; De ferred, 41 ; Lisbon Bank, MO; Commercial Back, Oporto, 252 ; and Mercantile Oporto Bank, 281 milreir. WEST INDIA MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, SEPT. 12. . - - ... The Royal Mail steamer Seine, with the West India sod Pacific mails, arrived off the Needles at 1.55 to day. Among the numerous improvements to ho accom pli.hed in Paris, the Municipal Council propose to build • model square in the Faubourg St. Antoine to lodge opera. tire.. This square is to occupy& superficial' of 20,000 yards, with a facade of 240 feet. The building is to oonaiat of single resew, to be furnished with • bed, • table, and two chairs, sad to be let at Iofr. • month. There are likewise to be SS houses built for operative families. The houses are to be four stories high. and each house will accommodate four families. It is calculated that the entire building will lodge 4,000 peonies. A bathing establishment is to be constructed iu the centre of the building, by which names every lodger may procure • hot bath at any hour of the day or eight for the small sum of 2Se. (Ad.) Each floor is to be supplied with river water free of expense to the lodgers; and the entire building is to be heated by steam. Attached to the lodging-house there are to be 14 workshops for approotkes. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. MOM OUR OWN CORRISPONDENT.) PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVCONO. The splendid Russian church, of which I lately spoke—the first temple dedicated to the Greek rite ever opened in France—was inaugurated to-day at 11 o'clock, but vespers were performed for the first time yesterday evening. Mgr. Leoutius, the suf fragan Archbishop of Novgorod and St. Peters burg, consecrated the edifice. He was assisted by the Archimandrite Hebeccur, a celebrated Orien talist, who for a long time represented Russia in Japan, and was the author of the last treaty between those powers. Sixteen priests and deacons also officiated. The Russian ambassador, M. de Kisseletf, and the Sate of the Russian society in Paris were present at the ceremony. Marshal Vail laint, the Prefect of Police, and Count Baciocchi were among the general company. The service was performed in the Sclavonic language, and the chorus, said to be serfs from the imperial chapel of St. Petersburg, had beards which reminded pro fane spectators of the stage druids in the opera of Norma. I dare say the curious distinctions be tween the Romau catholic and the Greek dogmas are very little known to the majority of your readers, and therefore I will enumerate some of them upon this occasion. The Greeks believe that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father alone, and reject the catholic doctrine, which is also that of the Athanasian creed, that he proceeds from the Father and the Son. They allege that the words "Fitic qu." in the symbol of Nice were interpolated subsequently. The orthodox Greeks deny the supremacy of the Pope. Although they question the catholic doctrines respecting purgatory, they do believe in the efficacy of prayers and works of charity for the souls of those who ilia in sin. They abhor graven images, thus following the literal words of the commandment, but they admit the adoration of pictures. With them sculpture is Pagan, but painting Christian. In their religion taiinks awl bishops cannot marry, but simple priests may. A priest, however, when his wife dies must not marry a second time ; and hence the Russian pro verb, " happy as a priest's wife." The French government thinks it worth while to deny in the Pays, under the striking heading of " Postecriptum, 4 o'clock," the statement of the Independence that the French regiments lately relieved at Rome were brought away because they were out of patience at the part they were com pelled to play. It is alleged, on the contrary, that they were always delighted (s'en rout Mejoure Lewes), and are merely replaced in the ordinary routine of time service. The Bourse was weak at the opening, but there was a sudden upward movement at the close which is not explained. The Relate, after being quoted at 681 r. 90c., sprung up to 69fr. 15c., closing with a rise of 20c.—this was for account ; for money there was no change. Mobilier rose 13fr. 75c. Railways were at least sfr. higher. A pamphlet, entitled "Secession in the United States and its Origin, by an American Journalist,", has just been published here, in the French lan guage, II for the purpose of proving, contrary to the I I assertion of the Hon. Stuart Wortley, at Sheffield, that the issue raised by the war is essentially one of slavery, and not tariffs. I think the author very clearly makes out his case. He shows that the liberal tariff lately framed by the South was put forward for the political purpose of canvassing for the sympathies of France and Eng land in the present quarrel, and that there is no guarantee that this tariff would not be repealed if once the confederated states were to be recognired. It is a curious fact that the most protectionist tariff that America ever had, that of 1842, was carried by the votes, at the last moment, of Messrs. Stan ley and Andrews, Southern men, and approved of by President Tyler, now one of the Secessionist leaders. When this tariff was repealed in 1846, Mr. A. H. Stephens, now vice-president of the con federated states, and Mr. Robert Toombs, who but the other day resigned the functions of minister of state in President Davis's cabinet to accept a gene ral's commission in the confederate army, voted against the abolition. AUSTRIA. Most of the Austrian journals show themselves opposed to the measures announced by the official Gazette for the re-organisation of the Comitate. The Ost. Deutsche Pest admits that the government is entering on a dangerous p►th in replacing the national institutions of Hungary by other ones newly granted. It regrets to see the government decree a new electoral law according to the terms of which the assemblies of the Oomitats, insttsid of being composed of persons elected direct by the country, are to be formed of the largest taxpayers, and of re presentatives elected at two degrees. The journal foresees that the forced consequence of this new system will be the dissolution of all the assemblies in the different Comitata. The Wanderer, on its aide, asks how this new organisation can be reconciled with the clause of the diploma of the 20th October, which hiss decided that the laws cannot be issued, tuotlitied, or abrogated but with the concurrence of the legally convoked Diets. The Emperor Napoleon, letters from Biarritz state, was present at a bull-fight on Sunday last, but the Empress did not leave the villa, as the day was the anni versary of her sister's death. The Emperor was accom panied by Madame de La Bedoyere and another lady of the court, Marshal Niel, Count Walewski, and General Nev. The bulls were floe ►nimals, and gave the favourite matadors, El Zato, many opportunities of displaying his address, which was several times applauded by the Emperor. The Emp+•rnr and Empress of Rnmia arrived at Odessa on the 31st ult. On the following day (Sunday) they beard mass at the institution for girls of the nobility, and afterwards the Emperor reviewed some regiments, and then proceeded to Bender, where, on the 2nd inst., he in spected the 15th division of infantry and their artillery; and next day their majesties left fur the Crimea, on board the Tiger. The Dieppe regatta took place on Sunday, and was ver► numerously attended, the railway having brought more than 2,000 persons from Rouen and Paris. The prize for four-oared yawls, an object of art and 300 fr., was divided between the Rocket, of Brighton, and the Garibaldi, of Dieppo ; the Albion, of London, got in first, but was dis qualified owing to a false manreuvre. The two prizes fo r six-oared boats were carried off by the Abeille, of Paris, and the Fly, of Newhaven. Tim Director-General of the Museum of the Louvre has lately placed a second painting by the celebrated Hobbom► in the gallery of the Dutch Masters. This paint' lag represents two water-mills with four wheels ; a rustic bridge is thrown over • river, and right and left are woods, over which sunshine produces a very pleasing effect. This painting, which formed part of the gallery of the Duke of Mecklenburg, was purchased by the French government for 52,500 fr. The other painting was purchased from 11. Nieuwenhuys, is the year 1850, for 18,000 fr. It repreeeete the interior of a forest. The Louvre possesses at present two paintings by Hobberna and titres by Paul Potter. Baron de ROthschild gave a grand shooting party two days since on his Mete at Ferraro, near Paris. to which were invited a great number of distinguished persons. More than a thousand bead of game were killed co the occasion. The Nord announced a few days back that the QllllOl7 of Madamumar was dead, but as the journals lut received from the Ile de la Reunion make no mention of the fact, the statement is probably premature. AMERICA. The United States Mail steam-packet Bremen, Captain H. Weems* arrived at Southampton last night with the United States mails. Her dates are New York, August 31. The " situation " is thus described by the New Yo►I: Herald of August 31 : The advanced posts of the army of the Potomac, under General Richardson, had a brilliant skirmish early on Thursday morning with the pickets of the enemy, near Bailey's Cross Roads. The rebels were two hundred strong, and the Union forces, though greatly inferior in numbers, completely defeated them, killing a large number and taking several prisoners. The impression prevails that the enemy intended there and then to provoke a battle, but for this time, at least, the attempt failed (though it was probably only a feint), as their pickets wore driven back gallantly by our forces. The rebels have erected a battery near Monaca's-hill, and are playing away with rifled cannon on the buildings at Bailey's Cross Road,. It is thought, however, that this great activity on the pert of the enemy is only feint to with draw attention from a movement of a large portion of their forces towards the tipper Potomac, where they intend to make • crossing into Maryland, at some place near Point of Rocks ; and, trusting to the insurrectionary spirit of that state, make • stand there, where provisions are plenty, and thus place Washington between two rebel armies. It ►ppears evident that they cannot longer maintain themselves in their posi tion for want of supplies, and it is confidently believed in Washington that a great battle must of necessity take place within a few days. These is no doubt that the army of General Rosencr•na, in Western Virginia, is in a constant state of activity. It is said that he is surrounded by a staff of excellent alters, an element which, in addition to his own known coolness, sagacity, and military skill, readers his position in the face of the armies of Generals Lee, Floyd, and Wise, secure from surprise or defeat. A large body of the rebels, eight thousand strong, under General Lee, are reported to be encamped within live or six guiles of the encampment of Colonel Reynolds, ace of General Roseocrana' ablest officers, who is in command of a large body of his army. The action ie which Colonel Tyler was engaged at Crow Lane, near Summerville, appears to have been but • skirmish, in which sixteen of Colonel Wer's men were killed and forty wounded, but it was a brilliant and success fel affair withal. Despatches from Quincy, Illinois, inform us of the march of a body of rebels, numbering sonic 3,000, under General Martin t.reen, upon the town of Palmyra, Missouri, on Wednesday morning, and inasmuch as there were no Union troops stationed there, they took quiet possession of the plane. It appease that a train of cars on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, carrying a quantity of muskets for the troops *tattooed at St. Joseph, while approaching Pal. myra on the same day, was fired into by the rebels, and immediately returned without damage to Hannibal. A gentleman who has just arrived from Richmond, viA Louisville, states that the rebel army in Vir ginia now amounts to over 300,000, of whom 180,000 are on the south bank of the Potomac. He nays that Manassas has been to a great extent abandoned, and the main force of the army moved to the Upper Potomac, where they intend to make a crossing, take posses sion of Maryland, and thus surround Washington, and get possession of all the army stores and muni tions lying there. He represents that the enthu siasm of the South knows no bounds since the battle of Bull Run, and that the people there aro confi dent of victory, the reconstruction of the United States utader a Southern president, and the perma nent security and extension of the institution of slavery. The Richnimul Examiner of the 26th August says the Confederate Congress has determined to repeal the law establishing ports of entry, and throw the whole southern coast open to foreign commerce, provided that vessels which run the blockade into shore iulets pay the Confederate duties It the port nearest their landing. The Confederate Congress has voted 800,000 dole. for a floating flotilla for the defence of New Orleans, and 160,000 dohs. for two iron-clad boats for the defence of the Mississippi. A party of Confederate troops, numbering 20, captured 100,000 dole. from the bank at Fayette, Missouri. It is stated the money will be sent to the army of General Price. AMERICA AND CANADA. LIVERPOOL, WIDXFBDAY. The Montreal Ocean Mail Steamship Company's screw steamer Bohemian, Captain Ballantine, whieh sailed from Quebec on the 31st ult., arrived in the Mersey last night. General Fremont having signified to the banks of St. Louis a desire for a loan of 160,000 dollars, the Exchange Bank of that city immediately took the whole amount. The circulation of the New York papers pre sented by the grand jury has been prohibited in St. Louis by the provost marshal. A special telegram from Washington, to the Commercial Advertiser of the 27th, says :—" General M'Clellau went over the Potomac river to-day to visit the camps and inspect the troops. Mr. Russell, of the London Times, was invited to attend him. No other correspondent was invited." The Canadian news is devoid of interest, and the commercial has already been published. PRINCE NAPOLEON IN AMERICA. The following is a copy of the letter sent by the Prince Napoleon to the Governor of Massachusetts, in reply to an invitation from the governor to visit that state : New York, Aug. 14. _ Sir,—l hasten to address you my sincere thanks for the amiable letter which your Excellency has sent me by your aide-de-camp, Lioutenant-Colonel Harrison Ritchie. The prism's and myself are equally touched by the sentiments of thoughtful kindness which you express for us. I am about to commence • journey to the west, to which I shall devote about three or four weeks, and it is on my return from that excursion that I hope to go to Boston. All that I have seen up to the present moment of your grand and beautiful country has increased in me the de sire which I have felt to visit that scientific capital of the United States, cradle of their liberty. For a long time I have cherialial for America • profound sympathy, respired by its grandeur sod by its liberal institutions, and the cordial reception which I now meet from so many of its moat notable inhabitants will leave in my heart a touching and enduring remembrance. —Receive, Mr. Governor, my expressions of profound esteem. NAvoisos (Jcsome). General Fanti, of the Italian army, and Marshal Concha, in the service of the Queen of Spain, yesterday and the day before visited the school at Vincennes for gunnery practice. PRACTICAL REPINTANCE.—The Rev. Alexander Jopp begs in this way to acknowledge the receipt of the watch which had been taken out of the house io which be lived in Shuter•etreet, when the premises were sot on fire, in the month of April, last year. The watch was handed in, carefully wrapped up, at his door on Monday evening last, by a young man who did not wait to be spoken to. and who is, of irotirse, unknown. The few printed lines which accompanied the watch would seem to indicate that it had been taken inn moment of temptation, but that now some good impression had been made, and that the heart had yielded to the dictates of an accusing conscience. Let us trust that these impressions may be lasting.—Ereninj Leader, Toronto, Angiist 21. WORCENTER AND fiEKEFORD RAILWAY.—We regret to say that this line remains still unopened, Col. YoHand, the government inspector, having been unable to render the services required of him preliminary to such opening, owing to his unavoidable detention at the Hampstead inquest. The West Midland Company, both directors and °deers, have used all possible diligence in the matter, and it i■ confidently hoped that the opening of the line will not be much looser delayed. It is impossible, however, at the present time, to fix any day when the much desired event will take place, it entirely depending, as before stated, on the attendance of Col. Tolland. Yesterday (Tuesday), a train conveying Mr. A. C. Merritt, the gene ral manager, Mr. W. T. Adoock, the !secretary, Mr. Falwanl Wilson, engineer of the West Midland, and another gentle man passed over the whole length of the hoe.—Wurcesfer Chronicle. • SWITZERLAND. A report made to the Swiss Federal Council by the Council of State of Geneva furnishes further details of the conflict which lately took place at Ville la Grand, and of which we have already given an account: After some introductory remarks the report states that the two principal public-houses of Ville Is Grand are on the Genovese territory, although on the extreme frontier. One of them, kept by a man tamed Barbet, is a very old home ; but the other, held by a family of the name of Chauttat, where the disturbance took place, has only been built for about ten years. It stands on the territury of Geneva, but has in front a rood which is in Savoy. These houses attract to them during the patrooal fetes, which are held on the Swiss territory • number of persons fr o m Ville la Grand , which is in Savoy, and nothing but • friendly feeling has hitherto prevailed between the two parties. During the whole of the day of the outbreak the 'elation' between the Swiss police and the French gen darmes who had been sent to Ville 1.11 Grand were most friendly, and the only thing to be regretted is that the latter should have left the place so early, and that the mayor was absent from home. Soule stall-keepers who had established themselves on the Savoy territory were tolerated there until about half-past four in the afternoon, where several of them, and among tho rest a Frenchmau and his wife named Dacari, were driven away by the French gendarmes into the Swiss territory, where they installed themselves with their wares. The place where they had before been was considered both by the French gendarmes and the Swiss authorities to be oo the Swiss territory ; but some young men, who had been drinking, maintained that it wag in France, and the discussion ended in their being expelled. One of the most violent among the persons assembled was a young man named Longet, residiug at Ville la Grand, who addressed moat insulting language to the Swiss gendarmes, sayiug that he had served with Garibaldi, and that be set them all at defiance. No one took the trouble to reply to him, and he at last walked away. About half au hour after be returned, accompanied by hi ' father, a farmer, and they entered Chauffat's public-house, on the Swiss terri.ory. The young man again began to use insulting language against the l;eee. vine police, and at length be was arrested. During a scull% which took place, th e son, being intoxicated, fell down the stairs, and was slightly wounded iu the head. His father attempted to rescue him, and for his violence was also taken into custody. The (renevese police, boding the crowd in. crease round the house, ordered the doors to I/43 cicoeil, and remained inside with their prisoners. The persons outside, amounting in numbers to about no, then demanded that the prisoners should be released, and began throwing stones 'at the door and windows. The crowd was several times ' summoned to disperse or they would be fired os, but they paid no attention to the warning. Three shots were in fact tired, after which the people drew back, hut did not finally disperse until the arrival of one of the municipal authorities of Ville la Grand. Three persons belonging to Savoy were wounded, one in the hip, another in the shoulder, and the third in the chin. The Report concludes by stating that three times during the day the young men went to the house of the absent mayor of Ville la Gr►nd to get a flag, with which they purposed to march through the commune, and induce the people to join iu the riot, and positively asserts that the Swiss territory was invaded by those who entered Chauffat's house. The prohibition to sell Ciaribahli'd portrait at Vienna seems to have been tacitly revoked, as his likeness may now be man in the windows of many printaellers. The Perthshire Courier says :—" Lonl Duncan expected at his shooting lodge at Curim, where lie is to re. side during a part of the partridge shooting. Lord and Lady Pelham are at present the Fiesta of Mr. Smythe of Meth von Castle. General Belsbell is at present residing at Inver may Ileum Colonel Vassal has arrived at his residence at Culdeos for the season. Sir dame' Foulis has arrived foe the season at Laurel Bank." Mr. Hubbard, M.P., writes to the Tim'.: " If any points of the plea for a revision of the income-tax remain unjustified, or any objections to it remain un answered by my letter to Mr. Mill, I trust the members of the committee who differ from me will make known their grounds for dissent. I shall ha delighted to resume the controversy as soon as I return from a month's absence on the Continent, which I commence to-morrow. Ilad Mr. Crawford's motion been carried, I should in the emeiaig session have brought the subject, illustrated by the re ported evidence, before the house, for its consideration, with a view to action. The accident of an sdverse division on the report will not detract from the confidence with which I shall continue my (+politic) to the present law of income-tax. With what success I may do co must depend on the representatives of the people and on their constituents." A meeting of gentlemen desiroint of reviving "The Society for the Improvement of Ireland," by en. conraging her trade, commerce, and manufacture+, was held on Tuesday in Dublin. This society was formerly organised under influential auspices ; but, at the commencement of O'Connell's agitation, it was suspended at the request of the then Viceroy, lest it might become, or seem to become, a political propaganda. The presence of the Channel fleet in Belfast Lough has excited a furore among the sight-seers of that place. The crowds which thronged the steamers that ran on Monday between the quays and the royal squadron ex• needed in number (says the WAiq) anything ever witnessed at this harbour. " All sorts and conditions of men, from the mayor to the mudlark, were up for the day's eight• seeing. ➢fen, women, and children, the sturdy lads and lasses from the rural districts, the operatives of factories, and a large number of artisans jostled together, as it were, in one dense mass at each run of the different steamers, and for the nonce, grades had scarcely an existence. During the day some tens of thousands must have been conveyed up and down the Channel." The first sod of the Eccles and Wigan Railway was cat yesterday by the Earl of Ellesmere. This milers, is intended to connect Manchester, Patricroft, and the North Union Railway with Wigan by a route about three miles shorter than the present line to Wigan. It is expected that the line will be finished is 186:3. The sod was turned with the usual ceremony, and a dinner concluded the day's pro• reeding". Richard Hargreaves, a Bradford bankrupt, was committed for trial by the Bradford borough magi& trates yesterday for destroying a book in which his money transactions were entered. Trade and turf transactions to the amount of 4,70/. are wed to have born recorded in the book, and twice, before the Bankruptcy Commissioner, the prisoner admitted that be bad burnt it. He was committed for trial, but the magistrates said they would take beig for his appearance. The Manchester and Liverpool Agricultural Society held their annual exhibition at Aohtonunder-Lynes yesterday. The show was the beat that the society ham yet had, and two new features were added to it. The one was a show of dogs, and the other a trial of hunters. A singular piece of deception was detected in the poultry pens. The judges discovered that a group of sileerepangled " Ham. burgs" had their earlobes painted, and they were of amuse instantly disqualified. The trial of hunters was a great success, as was also the show of doge. THE PAPER DUTY REPEAL.—Tho printers anti stationers of Rochdale, yesterday, held a meeting in the office of Messrs. Wrigley and Soo. to take into considera tion the announced intention of the Commiosioneri of Inland Revenue to confine the drawback on stock, of p a p er to stationers only, and to exclude from the benefit of such allowance those persona who are stationer* and printers under the same roof. Mr. Robert N. Wrigley having been voted to the chair, it was resolved, on the motion of Mr. J os eph White, wooded by Mr. Henry Howarth, that the delirium be requested to thaw up a memorial on the sub ject. Mr. Wrigley melertook that duty, and the meeting was adjourned till this day. A meeting of stationery who are printer* in Huddersfield, was also held st the Imperial Hotel, yesterday afterenon ; Mr. Joseph Brook occupied the chair. The interpretation put upon the act of parliament by the Board of Inland Revenue woo condemned by all present as unjust, and entirely opposed to the spirit of the act. It was resolved that it deputatint be appointed to communicate with the committees of Manchester end Liverpool, and to On•OParaie with them in memorialising the Commissioners of Inland Revenue, and in carrying out any further steps which may be tbout desirable. INCREASED TRADE WITH FRANCK—We are happy to state that some of ourleeding firms have already felt, the induenee of the coming change. Sonic French liuversliave been in the town this week. and planted orders G ,rboth lice and hosiery. Several thousand pounds' worth of lace have been purchased, and of hosiery the demand has hems scarcely less active. Thine orders, we believe, are bet the harbingers of others still greater, and cannot fail to exert a most beneficial influence upon the Nottingham trade.— Nortinehant Expresso' yesterday. FATAL ACCIDENT TO A CLERoYNAN.—On Thurs. day, the Rev. Charles Crant, a clergyman of Bristol, who was remaining at Flower's Temperance Hotel, W nlcot•street. in Bath, and who was in a weakly state from as attack of paralysis, whilst descending the stairs slipped down and in. jured the back of his head. Mr. Iloblyn, surgeon, and Dr. MneDerroot were called in, but he died from the erode of the injury on Friday morning. The deceased had in his possession at the time 2,1 NW., $:4 l . being in cash and the remainder in dock bills. Ili* nephew, a solicitor of Loudon, has since been communicated with, and was pr , teot at the inquest which was held on Saturday. A verdict of accidental death was returned.