The Express. — London, England, 1850-10-30 00:00:00

Ir Zhe Crpreoo. OUTGOING NAIL& Th. M ai , . for an. Sae Nleoles, sad Bt. Vieeent (ape de Verde), Siena LAM., sal Ammar" will be weds up sesterrow assailer. TM meths *a Udall North Asides, Bermuda, and the Culled BUM will ti made up, per " Franklin," so the thethisp of Nev. 1; i s pit " Calabria," os the everting ih e ONO , . 1. The sells ler Wealth will ho theth up is Nov. 2. The mails fee the West Indies, Teueratie, 21sw °nada, sad theytows, we) be made up is Nov. 2. The mails toe the Breath, and Buenos Ayres, will be side up os the et Nov. 4. The math ha Lithos, end Gibraltar will be nods us so Nov. 7. The mai gis Matesillse, to the Nediterrantha, EWA, Cavite, Isdie, lissr/Less, ths, will be wade up as We make; et Nov. 7. The sea& ke Navennah, Nosdures. Nassau, sad Israel, CIO, of Pere, will be made up ea Nov. 17. The math tar Gibraltar, Naha, 01•4144 the loudest bleada, °Woe, Inds, sal Mr, the Boutthatptes, will b ill i=e up as the stasis( el Nev. ID. Ws have been expostulated with for slender dluding, aad consequently misrepresenting. the Mays and natant of Mr. D. limes charge to , t c r ea j ail of Birmingham.toye W om e m u e n u d d e e r s unde r stood iee victim and punishment of men for being not proven, but reputed, thieves. And we took it for pan Led that if such was constituted a crime by Masts, the polies might arrest, the magistrate@ own % sa n d ow th ev i er7re da he *ma. ve reason Ps ato nocl believe, keloont. te M m rl nothing of the kind; and merely advised ilegmating the power of the jury, y with mord to amused peewee who have su a C el d illi peenoas emanation, to demand proof of their same of liveli hood ; and, in default of this proof, to require bail for good conduct, or to award limited imprissuneet. The subject of the learned Rromria's reflections is certainly amongst the most important emesideietiens of the time: for the theory or the science of haw OM ntly criminal portion of a population le is =with, is in a most inchoate or infant At present we offer every fac ilit y fee the b ee I and formation of this criminal popehlien. to when reared we allow a very fair term of hadviiese i gad development, carrying off and trealreadagillia a eaffieiest proportion of them to make sir fir • as& and supply . of younger hands, sad ems giving Ile ate spring and impulse for ec tzier alive sad ting the more vermin of aa g li :clide of unfortunate beings has indeed acquired such a statue amongst us, that it hes undergone somewhat of the humanising influence of the vie. Great crimes, for instance, have become abhorrent to its nature; and this has occurred precisely since the abolition of the punishment of death for robbery and burglary. In fact, the illegal preying apes the wealth of society hu become a profersion larded ea with all the skill and the least barbarity And when the world is startled by the eomm=eti a murder, it is generally found to ave been com mitted, not by a regular member of h the permanently criminal class, bat by an awkward amateur r a passion-driven desperado. It is quite evident that of the la's crimes which have startled and affrighted us in rural districts the peeps triton are not of the regular criminal class. They us not expert London thieves, driven from their usual scenes of depredation by the activity of the polies: the burglaries at Charing-cress sufficiently evince this. The Frimley murder and burglary are of quite another dm —that of the rustic labourer out of employ. Wes de set by this mean the agricultural labourer, for whose there never was a larger field of employment than the pre sent, but that large and nomads tribe of labourers that have bees created by railroad expenditure. Having acquired certain gregarious habits, and been indulged with more than the wonted rate of wages, the railroad labourer does not return willingly back into the agriculture class. Indeed his place there has bees filled up. It is the diminution of metes and the pre cariousness of life with this set of workmen that has ' infected so many remote and rustic districts with ' insecurity and with crime. Wherever Tawas& ' extend, these men wander in search of work, and is lack of work, of plunder. It is not merely in Benny that their presence is felt, but in the remotest die tricts. In Booth Wales, for example, where people used to deep with open doors, el the pre:nations usual in the vicinity of the metropolis are obliged to be had recourse to. The police may overtake and punish such depredators and burglars, bat prevention is not within the attributes of this force. We do not know of any class to which facilities for emi =might more justly and more beneficially to yes and society be extended, than to the elate of labourers and their families employed is the construction of runways. There is a defect or a lack in our criminal returns which might be easily and usefully supplied. This is a column denoting the place of birth and original calling of the criminal population. Were this afforded,' u we believe it is in France, we should know at a glance how much of this class was really reared in town, how much from immigration from the country. I This ascartained, we should be better informed as to I where and in what direction measures of prevention I might be applied. These measure. of prevention, in 1 creased penalties, are not to be sought en any in -1 penalties, or any enlargement of the powers 1 of the police, of the judges, or of the courts, but is attention to the education, cmditioo, development, or distress, of different classes ' - to the fluctuations of expenditure, of labour, and of prices ; with altogether an exceptional system of police of both repression and relief applied to the metropolis and to very large towns, than is either necessary or advisable throughout the rest of the empire. We publish a letter on the subject of the police, from which we totally differ, though it has been in serted from respect to the position of the writer. The effort and the system of a police force are always for the detection and punishment of crime, rather than for the prevention of it. The prevention of it, con nected as it is with the subsistence, comfort, and con tentment of the population, must depend upon local authority, property, and vigilance. To divest the locality of this national are, and throw the onus of protection on a centralised police, were to defeat, net advance the great object in view. It is poverty that begets crime, and to deal with poverty requires not centralised vigour, but local consideration. Fresh precautions are certainly required in rural districts against the depredations or despair of the unsettled clam of labourers that we have alluded to. Bat this class will gradually be absorbed. The number and impunity of tows thieves forms quite another qua ties. For these the powers of the police an suffi ciently centralised, and yet we do not sae that they am so very successful in repression. WM Warta Ai lams mama Teo Day-11.W. N. fa........ 10.11~0. 101 i. fa. suourw-iNia/Na. AINIENE. Om LONDON, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30. AORICOILTITRAL meetings are in a state of transi tion. They were formerly need as opportunities of mutual palaver. They are at present made available pr the expression of mutual discontent. The next phase, it may be hoped, will be that of mutual con passion and reconciliation. The days of puffing and patronising &repassed away with protection, never to return. Agriculture is no longer capable of puresit as a traditionary species of gambling in whichfrom time immemorial all the thorough-bred players sat on one side, and all the bumpkins were ranged upon the other. Even before the break-up of the system, " the blunt folk " were beginning to find out that they had fax the worst of it ; and it was to stifle their murmurs and to induce them to play on, that broad-cloth antagonists resorte d to the notable device of farming skews, ploughing matches, and agricultural prizes, with all the annual cotderzension of public dinners. All which, in their way, are no harm, pro vided they are not used as a pretence for luring the farmers into playing "double or q uit ! " Just aow these autumnal gathuings seem to be devoted chiefly to the interchange of complaints and admonitions. Protection heirs deed, the question with landlords is how Ion; can the farmers be per suaded to pay the old rents; and the question with the farmers is how soon can they get a permanent reduction. No pretext has been, or will be, left un tried by the former to work out the last half-year's rack-rent that the occupying tenant can be threatened or cajoled into yielding. When money, in old times, need to be wrung out of the Jews through the intervention of the royal dentist, it is recorded that as each fang was wrenched from its socket, the agonised Israelite surrendered a beg of crown pieces, but vehe mently vowed that it was his last, and that he need never be asked for any more. But, as the necessities of spendthrift power recurred, the persuasive pincers of authority were applied anew; and at each new success the sufferer's protestations were naturally less and less regarded, until sometimes Dot a tooth was left in his head. The farmers of 1850 are in a similar position. As long as they go on paying protection rents and protesting against free-trade prices, they can expect no sympathy, and they will receive no pity. To be bamboozled to their faces excites ridicule rather than commiseration. Landlords meet them at high farming dinners, and tell them stories about the great changes that have taken place in tillage since their grand fathers' time, and ask who can tell but if they tried something that never was tried before they might rally yet. Lord ST. GERMANO coolly comforted his valued friends in Devonshire by the assurance that seventy years ago there was not a turnip to be seen in the neighbourhood ; and, in the boldness of philo sophic inquiry, expressed his doubts whether flax might not be profitably cultivated there as well as elsewhere, although he was free to confess that whe ther that particular soil and climate woald prove pro pitious Wit, he bad not the least idea! Similar noble nonsense mixed up with the stock-in trade phrases about " pulling together," self-reliance, and the indissoluble links which bind all classes by one common tie of general interest, is echoed in all directiot.s. At Mtiverton Mr. SANFORD consoled the tenant class, by enuring them that the labourers were better off than they had previously been, by reason of free tree., and that he had made op his mind to the belief that termer" must, therefore, be benefited likewise, because national prosperity ought always to rise from the root of society, not de scend from the topmost boughs. All which is excel lent in theory, and only needs to be put in practice. Bat, as was pertinently asked by Mr. KIDNLit, one of the best farmers present—" out of what fed were the wages of the labourers paid ?—was it from profits or capital?"—an interrogatory whose pointed inference drew forth loud acclamations. Curiously enough, the only dissentient front this mat ter of fact way of dealing with the subject appears to have been a Mr. firrriters, who is described as a large farmer, residing on his own estate in Cornwall. lie rather pooh-poohed " grumbling," and thought with a little more ' energy," &c., farmers might do pretty well. Just so ; a man who is his own landlord may Indulge in more energy and anticipations of unlimited prosperity. Erre a man who has the good fortune to have a just and considerate landlord may struggle through. But the case of nine-tenths of the holders of land at a rent is very different. More energy, without security of tenure, without an adjust ment of rent to prices, and without allowance for permanent outlay, is downright absurdity. At the Hereford meeting Mr. BRADIFFOCK boldly set forth the unpalatable truth, greatly to the disgust, no doubt of the county notables: He regretted to say that It was a notorious fact that the landed proprietors, with few exoeptione, bad not shown a liberal sprit in meeting their tenantry. (Great cheerteg.) He did not presume to take spa himself the dictatorship between landlord and tenant, but he should be ID diecharg lag his duty if he did not, shoe as opportunity caned lONIC sap upon the larded interest of 'insisted to consider seriously the perilous position of their tenantry— The Cieslattss rOOO and said—l ea sorry to interpow, bet I mast call upon you to remember that we en net • political society. (Great interruption, and arise of This is not *Dim," " Hear him," " Oa on, Bradstock." itc.) Hi'. Bafiliorock had not entered upon political subjects, sor did be intend to do so. (Cheers.) He hoped, he re legated, that the landlords, if they wished to consider the interest of their tenantry, would at least In these times of difficulty try by all the means la their power to relieve them from their present depressed oonditlee. He hoped they would follow the noble example dike Duke of Portland, and estinvete what quantity of corn at 584. a quiz ter would pay the rents which wore paid previous to 1848, and take no more now from their tenantry than what that sera would hung at the preen: average prices,. (Cheers.) He asked the landlords also to visit the fields in which their tenants' turnips, swedes, and mangold-winsels were grow ing, and see the great injury which was done by the abominable timber trees. (Cheers.) Let the landlords have those trees failed and solo, and invest the money in the hands and expend the interest is repairlag their farm-baild. bags. (Cheers.) And above all, be asked them to thins &avowing vermin, pheasants, hares, sad rabbi ts, destroy to do away with those grievous sores between landlords end Masa*, the gamekeepers. (Prolonged cheering.) It might be thought very liberal fur • landlord to Mum 10 per twat of the tomes rent, but in many parte of this seams that rent was now bolsi geld out of capital. He 'aborted the land lords to give their serious consideration to these emotions, sad not to inks from their tenantry Du same emeant of rent now, with wheat et 374 au as whoa it weskit:Wag 665. a qr. • with stock telling et which formerty Nailed 171.; ad fat cows at 40. instead of Bd. per lb. (Hear, bear.) These who enacted the same rent from their tenantry as they did In 1846, were, in his (+pintos, guilty of monstrous opprralion—(cheers)—which honesty and humanity forbid ; and which we forbidden likewise by the laws of (led, which commanded as " to do unto others as we would they should do unto us." (Prolonged cheering.) No wonder the chairman tried to stop the utterance of such sentiments. If they are often uttered, they will come at last to be heeded; and when they are heeded, where will the incumbered estates of England soon be ? Throughout nearly the whole of the meetinge during the present month a strong feeling has bon manifested to ingot upon the tithes ban mmielekeer their proportionate share of the semeng minden. Mr. JOLIFFR'B observations at the Blackwell and Clieveden Society's dinner, may serve se a specimen of many : Tas special meeting of the South Wasters Railway Company, held on Friday last, and reported in Mar day'. Express, is suggestive of a consideration or two, very important to railway proprietors and their Pi Tt r o t rioint of depression in the Yakutat that has, apparently, been reached and is now p; thing the late favourable autumnal season traffic has' =B4lincreased; the rate of interest payable es M i anietriontly fallen : and the vain of sten and times has cuss. Prices generally ern =l, mashistairos ere in demand of Um count ; labour is well I eel the prospects ry for the eosin perm Wrthis meld Art months age have bees reign tioipated ;mare sepsoially whoa the high pain ft the raw material b e gun pnnsipal fabrics is sew dime& The title hes te Sow ; it will probably slee OS is 114 penile:ly and especially the time nisi le railways fair play; to test tbair powers et denispetent ; to see what they cue do for the um enmity ; and to aseartain what they will de for their prophet : for a railway that does not remunerate is et hula real service to the country. Railroads, like geld, may be bought too dearly. We have IPM• the divides& of the laming lien reduced from 10 is it pet eget 1 end soliseeis blew weft the tent plis es& NSW %he sees *ldol the sense of esuallist NI ele thesesisholeseei Me • some et eel et min* Weans whitened the dimwits., ef am wit gin** phloem .1 prosperity est the molt WIN wasters palsisd I and, in a mess el maar . ve bleed with pill and edmirstios sei espetsst aiWitits &those arpsediag on works width ims mem s mosteleset of English folly, and the arid sa 1 who fined their lessees snob =deems. We en ha. uing with the dab 1 bat they who emelled vs te 1 de se are tesekhor stew on tie ream +q Isle 1 dont supsessil4 • 1 Awl to visit sessibe this deagaissatibilleik I I this esmisseism et selitesd happiest' Ye , lidil I =el sin had hoes, bees lo f The gessrally depressed if bide, Om esayalsions el isty on the the pa wn?, of the agrisal e t:ista, and the lam Inisni, hive not, of one" bass slight proventives of this dime et mania hefttes. Bet eves by Min/a% 8811 I . llll seenh ad neyrients, lobes" isterated is explaining away thste Dim share re the revolution et railroad property, these cause have not been most et He had no wish to &credit theelotb. He &add like to too the clergy standing out format in the energise of their giving support to the poor, and doh% what they Gould lot the sick and needy ;he should like us, too, to show their eynspathy with the agriculturist& Why did they sot elm to meat the brain ? They were afraid attest the tithe., he supposed. (Laughter and "bar.") It wee a rum Oleg, that tithe. (Renewed laughter.) Lord Jolla bad taken the tithe at 7e. a Mahal, saw the Earwig got Daly be. a bushel, and would say ono tell Ida law they win to THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVEKIN9, OCTOBER 30, 1850. flagrant agues , 11 111 i*RANCE i . ice 1 • . ~- ' 644.4 . 4... ZAILIS, TVISOLT ZUNI'S. =regard to Gen. Nenmayer, vas 'Mai y by a majority of the ,A inisistsni, was reconsidered in another reancil had this morning, between 11 and 12, end revoked. It wee definitively settled . Neumayer should preserve his post e replacement of Gee, Niemeyer had been re- Aved of a week like* the . resignatioa of Gen. d'Hentmul, and Oen. Changarmer, it seems, Was not -nomad of this resolution ;led the change of m r i e n p iy ' 3 himMaagine that the intention had Men drop . Upon learning that this was not the ease, be d yesterday morning to the Minister of War, and demanded that Gee. Neumayer should be retained in his place as commander of the first military division. Gee. Changarnier then went to the Blythe, and bad an interview with the President, who told him t h at the measure having been decided in the council of ministers, it could only be cancelled by a fresh decision of the same council. Changarnier then returned to I the minister of war, and they proceeded together to the council of ministers held at the Elyse', which de filed in favour of the displacement of Gen. Nemmayer. Ia the course of the day the minister of war visited the worth at the Tuilmi .W • sod a fresh interview rare at half-past foe; at the ministry of war. meeting took place at M. de Parkin'', with wheel all the ministers dined. lam informed from a good source that it was skald by the minister of war, in answer to Geo. Obsegareier's easpastulaticms, that the determination la &Mies Gen. Neumayer bad been taken irrevo mbiy, bat that any recommendations of Gen. Changer nisi on the appointment of his successor, would receive des attention ; in other words, Gen.Changarnier might note his successor. It is now become perfectly clear Merry one that it is the settled and deliberate aim I d Louis Napoleon to proceed methodically is the ailempt to break up that vast military power which le mmeentmted in the hands of the oommandeain elder at the army of Paris. To understand the pre sMit meta, it is necessary to observe the distinction te beehraire between a territorial military command sad a essusand of troop!. General Nenmayer's post le the is K ilest kind. lie is commander of the first division, not of this or that brigade, but of di troop; and that happen for the time befog to hal geodereted in his division. General Changarnieee emelt& extends beyond the first military division, thd, embraces the eleven following departments : Seine-et-Oise, Oise, Loiret, Loire-et-Cher, Loire, Seine-et-Marne, Seine Inferieure, Ears, Tense, and Aube. You are aware that when the military jurisdiction was recast by the ordi woe of the 12th of February, and centred to tour great commands under Gaudier, &stolen, demean, and Changarnier, the latter received the Egroup of departments for his military domain. it is remembered that more than 100,000 are garrisoned within this circle, and that the esmasander-m-chiet has the right of mo bilising those troops during 24 hours without consulting the Mi- Mater of War, some notion may be formed of the sod power delegated to General Changarnier. So ' essential to the safety of the state did it seem when this great exceptional position was created, to pre serve it from being shackled in its sweep of action and impaired in tie vigour, that not only were the attributions of the Minister of War curtailed in order to strengthen and free the hands of the head rem -1 sander, bat a minister was carefully sought out who would be content to use his abridged pawns in continued concert with that pow erful chief. Thus, while General Rulhieree re mained at the head of the War-office, the government and General Changarnier pulled together in tolerable harmony. Of the series of conflicts which hew between the same powers with the installation egteeaecal d'ilnotpoal as Minister of War, none was IMO important than the divisions which prevailed at the sad of May, when the electoral law was passed, land an mule was apprehended. The necessity at such a moment of an undivided control over the troops inclined the public opinion to the side of Chan gender, who carried his contempt of the War-office to such a pitch that he pat under arrest M. Anthouard, ithenel of the 33rd regiment, for obeying direct in stitutions from the Minister of War. The activity with which the scheme of dismembering the command of Changarnier was pushed during the last days of Generald'ilampouPs ministry isnow a secret to noose. Cl..e Carrelet was sent for in all haste from Marseilles to Paris, and ordered to repair immediately upon his arr ival to the cabinet of the Minister of War. Similar orders were sent to Generale Guesviller and I "tendon. The latter has remained here at a distance t from the seat of his command, to figure as an import- I ant agent in the machinations of the Elyste. The i replacement of General d'Hautpoul, rendered in levitable by his compromised position on the day of I Satory, which stamped hire visibly as the agent of l an imperialist prommesamento, and by the discovery, ' premature and accidental as it would seem, of the 1 coup de Jaen& aimed in the dark at Changarnier, woe hailed b r the superficial eau overture of peace. But Gen. Sc.hremm's order of the day clearly retested the intention of restoring to the mutilated ministry of war all its pristine authority, and of putting an end tol the exceptional uncontroll ed powers of General Changarnher. The reason, which the government might assign for such a course are plausible enough. Nobody at this moment dreads a rising of the socialists, such as the extraordinary powers conferred on this military chief were intended to keep down. That is true; bat the parliament would answer that the sword destined to awe so cialism is equally useful in suppressing conspiracies of all sorts, imperialist and other. Now the power of General Changarnier manifestly consists in the adhe sion and devotion of the officers under hie command, whether commanders of the troops or of the territorial division*. General Neumayer may be considered as his military right arm. It was he who succeeded, on the day destined fur an imperialist demonstration, in reducing to silence the regiments of infantry. If the government could establish such an important pre cedent as hie removal, the keystone of CUngernier's power would be withdrawn. One by one, all those generals highest in his confidence would be with drawn from his side, till the axe could be laid to his own root without encountering resistance. I may her observe that the generals of the briga of the army of Paris are picked officers of great distinction and tried metal. It was pout of d'Hantpoure plan to get rid of them all, and one of the first to be sacrificed was that Gen. Forst who refused to comply with Armand Marrast's famous order to place the troops at the Invalides at the dis posal of the President of the Amembly without ea entherieatioe from Gen. Chaeseraier. Nor are Gene. Canrobert, Jullien, and Reibell less devoted to their chief ; and no doubt an attempt to displace any on,* of these tone commanders of brgedes, however strictly within the competence of the Minister of War, would meet with obstacles very difficult to surmount. It seems that the iatention of the government to displace OM ifeemayer, as a rep d'sssai for the recovery et he► eriberity to the executive, first got wind on flemig, although it had been already resolved on, belleselhe 611 d d'ilutporiL Immediately expresses 'Wthe mut le ell the absent members of the Committee 'drumlins, to repair to Paris; but no meeting i bis es yet tam place, nor will there probably until Atioday, the ordinary day of the committee's sit liege, in order to avoid as much as possible spreading I I have observed that the posts of weds Tuileries I have been changed during these last f ys, and ere no longer othimithed to national guards, bat to ' troops of the line. I An article in the Pays, en ultra-lionactist paper. I has drawn much attention to-day from excessive I violence with whisk it serails General Cbsegarnier. It dome with do following eiguificant sentence r— el/till. ;without the services of Gen. Chan re.- no man who is indispensable to A A considerable rise took plate to-dey in the funds. The Fives closed at 92.60, with a rise of 60 centimes uponsjaantaldsy. Thus the lee-way occasioned by the yer affair yesterday has been made up. Ra moors pre ailed that it was in a fair way of being thrminsted satisfactorily, but nothing certain was known. It appears, Myriad ,dubt, from the best samosa. t Gheoganner is Inman or has won the day. G tha en. Meunier" Is sot dismissed. It is said 'that (cep. Bohm= omits" his hoods ord decree el diedeeeL which is the week et Ow fl'Haatpottl. sod wee 'as to Neeneyeele reeesiebi is. Oes. as thot he should esorider the 4 Qom Mumps. as equivalent to his ems. rilrr assails a passage with frames to the return of lii. & Pitlidsys which has beet much coat- ..adenoino. which has been disaster and desteoction to any. By such means we have the North Western in volved in engagements and alliances with lines in the north of Scotland, and in hostility and at war with the Great Western on the marches of Wales. The South Western, in its route to the coasts of Dorset shire and flaniofire, engaged is a deadly feed with the Routh Eastern, on its way to Dover and Ramsgate. AM the Eastern Counties occupied in a des perate struggle with the Great Northern for the traffic ice Yoork of all places out of its way. So, ton, there is mares a company in exiatence, tlsea 'hal el ithhh is not divided and subdivided, arr anged avid mtNisOrd into old shares and new sham. t hirds, fourths. fitMck Ztue erence stack, and guaranteed shares, until it heir a study and a bailees@ to know what is what t and a source of endless litigation to ascertain white( the favoured centime has a legal priority over the ethers. TM' up a railway -Pmtnal ant here you find doubts suggested as to t he le pity of this issue of snares : there conflicting counsels opinion as to the power of the direo. tors to create that stock; until no wonder even prefereace or guaranteed stocks partook of the general discredit, and the public took to invest almost entirely in railway beads and mortgages, use though those of some lines are unsaleable. The very acts of parliament of the operate companies occupy names ; and their rights and privileges, their obli- Ohms and liabilities under their statutes require the study of a lawyer to master and comprehend. All this, it has become the general opinion wee mused by branches, extensions, leases, and comp:deg her They, it was held by common consent, Led done the mischief : they were the evils henceforth to be avoided. Let as, it was said, in the wont days of depression, stick to what we must , get rid of all the leases and engagements we can, and develop what we can't get rid of. At the meetings of some companies the very mention of certain branches agi tated the assemblies to howling ; and reference to par ticular leases brought on a general burst of insanity. In short, everywhere it seemed certain that the fingers which had been once burnt would not again return to the fire. Now, the question we desire to press and impress en shareholders is—bas all this mad experience to be thrown away P Are they, on the eny first brush, not of prosperity (for that is far off yet), but of improve asset, to be deluded, seduced, or, to we the mildest ,be induced into other renches, new lessee, I= l 7:eking contracts, or, what is just as bad, the IMmplion of old schemes P If they are, they will be The old projects are not defunct, they dauber only. Give them the least encourage meat, the smallest hope, and they will again be lively, with brilliant expectations, sure of proving remunerative feeders. Look at what occurred en Friday at the South Western meeting. This com pany had seven branches and schemes slumbering lin its engineer's portfolio. It has abandoned four, resolved to go on and finish two, and to keep another afloat. Now it may be wise and politic, and we hope it will also be profitable, to complete the Farnbsm land Alton branch, and to furnish iron rails for the Taw Vale line. On that point we offer no opinion (bemuse, being ignorant of the merits of the branch and the line, we have none). But what alarms us is the facility, the matter of course way in which the South Western proprietary, with all their know ledge of extensions, sanctioned and approved of the propositions of their directors. Such facility is very infections. There is not a company in the kingdom but has some branch that would be quite as useful to it, if finished, as the Farnham and Alton to the South Western, some dependent inoor ponation quite as bandy to it, if helped oat of the ours u the Taw Vale; and should all these companies I follow the example thus set by the South Western, we will have in 18.51 a little railway mania jest as we had a great mania in 1847. For,_ th .ngh in October 18.50 the directors of the South Wasters only ask their constituents for money to do a little work, they have great works behind to begin. "They con sider the time will yet arrive when the execution of sew part at least of these lines will be favourably entertained :" "these lines" being nothing short of a sew line from Basingstoke, if not actually to Exeter end go on to Cornwall, at all events en route thither , and with the object of ultimately getting . that length. And so it will be with other companies if share holders are not on their guard. Little by little, piece by piece, bit after bit, will all the old branches and extensions be reproduced; new capital will be re quired, new preference shares be issued, and new calls be made ; until we are again in full swing to another crisis, on the high road to another panto. Railway shareholder, and they only, can prevent this tendency. Let them resist all entreaties to renew works which had substantially been abandoned. Let them have no faith in their profit, direct or indirect. I Let them rather lose every penny already laid out on them than ran the risk of rowingth away good money after bad. Let them refuse to listen to the suggestion that this branch is so short or that that Women° will require so little money. Let them, in short, be per suaded that their directors have quits enough to man age without bringing more on their shoulders. Ex tension will lead to entension, branch to branch, and every new work to rivalry and competition. Mr. Menu himself admits that if he bad to oseamence de ciao be would never think of a branch between Farnham and Alton. Why, then, does he now pro pose its completion ? Because the South Eastern Laving leased the Reading and Reigate have invaded hie territory, and as their lease is likely to be a lose to them, they are (amiable people) going "to make themselves u troublesome and obnoxious neighbours as possible." So because the South Eastern mut throw money away in tke Reading end Iteigate, the South Western have resolved to be squally extravagant between Farnham and Alton. This we en the folly and rashness of railway directors have not ceased. Neither will they cease, matil newsy shareholders maks up their minds that they ANIL The proper answer to all such propositions he mew brushes or extensions is— Close your capital secants, attend to those you already have, pay us a deeest dividend, and then—not before—we will talk to yen. This the South-Western shareholden did not my. Will other proprietaries , on similar occa sions, be wiser ? BOMBE BISHOPS IN ENOLAN The following salmi Idn. M Penesenel in a tow days ham the ishabitases el at. emerge, Hanover steam to the Lord Ming . To the Right Rammed ream al fa ed. Casein fume, Led Slam Leedom We, the mdsosigad, lay mambas of the am* of Beg hid sad dims, paridirmen el it. Norge, Ifemeopopare, b lams to approach year lordship with the expemdea of ear most simsm rapes to pow pampa, and memo to peer tested raw We are stored to address year teriship be es meal shish ills es with deep Gaddy for the Mare dmr shank wad 'marry. Ti. shank of Bone tales ' al t i t a re:im lop ri r ila medea li tr= Ntret sa m t oti c orty egidilas et bar tom aslherity a ass sedsaisstied divides eflisrarsid sail Weiss Isle Rossi& OM% opc shims o p I mo media talus has wand of the priaelpil ems births. W ints. rir es me discipadshed sadism esdnisoW es Ireoliiiineeet. fl W, sal dosilmed); Ihs royal My el Watninnee, is which we Um, Ida lediteetea oe the we of ea mobbishop and atetroipoltied dr whole kingdom • iiimatted Mouthy is thus sid MOAN , the met of the win I rby*. * sem* bi bp elbowed hp Win of thi ndemilm iu s il = Isiddr we ham go los e jltl a Ware tfte sheer elf bliss& We tars psrlsoide sa Wigan= al don 12 11 : 41I X updates's is knows . that the this ie se ldom la nests Me panties ;d7ilisidt dragonessdry de ors tithe reensin' lam Ws led Idele es smart at with the ecesthafissel rights sal eimideare lie o f wil' Mid to be endelli IT en Wei or sun sins sad *very mead. trader mom eiremsbnere we herwilnught Ji doe te Mho pat with thasometsar biddable eldsemsabte issirdensal 111, sad et ear sealimer le midis mbar War Mistily sal dadifeWe war be dose elewlbelibee said the sessalis if iheiMersfe4 sal lbsetby.lessee he emostres sad est Oakes sine is the igeskaiis lerip el et* WI nifigisselkety. mentisd upon, se revealing a disposition strongly hos tile t• Prussia oa the part of the government. The is SI f 0110,111: Let the despatch of M. de =its be simply a warlike demonstration against the court of Copenhagen, made with the sole object of intimidating Austria, and preventing her from executing the 11th article of the federal consti ' tation of 1816; or let It constitute a real menace all reedy to assume the shape of cannon shots, it is time for them manoeuvres to end, and for the cabinet of Paris to deliberate upon the means of saving Den mark, the honour of France, and of the civilised world." On the other hand, M. de Percigny'a return is attributed to the expiration, on the 6th of Novem ber, of the six months which the mission of a repre sentative cannot exceed without a renewal of powers. General Neumayer, commanding the first military division, proceeded yesterday morning, attended by two officers of his staff, to the Hotel of the Courta- Martial, Rue du Chetah. Midi, and made a minute inspection of the books and offices, with all which he expressed his satisfaction. He afterwards visited the maw military prison opposite. This prison, which is soft completed, is constructed on the cellular eye , tem, and is destined to replace the Abbaye, which is to be pulled down, to make way far a new street. I The International of Bayonne gives the following mecount of a conflict between the custom-house of lficers and some smugglers on the Bide's*: On the 23rd, a boat laden with some bales left the bridge of Bentobia, and proceeded up the river. Oa arriving near a small island belonging to the commune of Birraton, the boat, in order to avoid beteg seen by the Spanish officers, fades- Toured to pus between the island which belongs to France and the right bank. It had scarcely advansed a few yards when the men in the boat found themselves aide by side of some Spanish officers, who were lying in wait in a boat in the channel. The Spaniards presented their muskets, and threatened the smugglers with instant death if they did not retire. One of the smugglers laid hold of the barrel of one of the muskets, and turned it aside, intimating that that they were on French territory, and would not turn back. At this moment the musket was fired, and the ball passing through the bottom of the boat, It began to fill with water. The smugglers then pushed off their boat, and, when at a short distance from the Spaniards, the latter again fired, by which four of the man were wounded, two dangerously. The smugglers were then compelled to retreat, and return with their cargo to Bebobia. A eomplaint has been lodged by the Chamber of Commerce at Behobis against tbe Spanish oaken, for he violation of the French territory, accompanied with bloodshed. The naval division, consisting of the ships-of-the line Friedland, Valmy, Hercules, Jemmappea, Henri IV., Jena, Inflexible, Jupiter, and two steam oorvettes, quitted Cherbourg, on the morning of the 28th, for Brest. In oonsequence of the strength of the wind, at night-fall a part of the fleet was only about a mile from the breakwater. The Inflexible is condemned as not seaworthy. On her arrival at Brest her crew will be transferred to the Bayard, a new ship of the line, launched at L'Orient. The nephew of M. Rsdowits, the Prussian Prime Minister, has arrived in 130 ParALis. 011 PAILS aT• 19. i For Money. 1 1 ' :1 1 37 .. 23 I 92 • I " I I+ far Ascouni. darrbellesirst.l Lowest-1 oceans 15 1 57 30 57 10 57 30 92 70 92 10 92 70 If It I. Ipat amts. ....... 57 80 5 par Cents.. 92 80 5 do. Now Loan 44 pit Cants.... 4 par Omits I, ~ ~ Erobange on Lotrion : at. 78 1 7 4; On days, 25 5 Daglan, 8, 1840 — Yaw. I Nance /Water —Money Do. 8, 1842 ...... ~ Roman I.oan —1849 78 ~ Do. 44 Do. 24 lB5O „ Treasury Bondi 5 * - "ont 11 '..- 84 0 Bonk fikaroo 1175 Piedmont 6 per Comm Bougsn.—Paris and Orleans, 780; Paris and Rouen, 610 Rouen and Havre, 245 ; Marseilles and Avignon, 170 Strasbourg and Bale, 118 75; Orleans and Berson, 352 50 Boulogne and Amiens, 202 60; Orleans and Bordeaux, 336 26 ; North, 461 25 ; Pun and Strasbourg, 340; Tours and Nantes, 24250 e t It beak ease ? No doebt the Bedford fealty, held- principally wawa en„ The e l m Ipsnt ona. Isls dill dliv Sks tarot PrePera I. tatbse o $ B 7 have on those oisoselems been admitted to be the ben- , la the Magic's, Nettled n very s to that P.M le nr,,, .AO, -.1.L. db. OM ; bat o f wee to WPM of the fanner ? "Sgileid • se ram7 a rw' ail •C_ A IthWth= r:l4 ter the lite ef hiat see hew they said certy if selri 7e. a The do& bead, slue they ealy get 61. -.. . , )l , ... eglinPllits. branches; 41 1 job vii , , Do the beneficed clergt Wil e alb r• Sam when leida , iroca. traito r I es, and cann a 4f they can afford to have sae to ad Ilona Sang tame se lines oaly Ameaseuted but . ' cabinet lOC their order! Barely they ought to le limiest amass namegpsyea. Timm irtedbdes-mibitence al b e if_ pa g i. foremost to out their censors into the farnsos lest art,• mimes' Wkd Railway Polio) b shelt..,,,A comi. that Gen. I the sin of otrtehmeimo be imputed to them in the face PM bell to have its =BPl"), its kirk% its Terri- The . 1 of the congregation. toy ; then ecumessed s petite ofibtliwareipio. * g ee d 7, • - .2 ..1•11• r.... wviennaler- ------------- ruilt:M a ins, ebildir ot :lame d wilibir-teseki iall hastfaiti d i the mili en: m o d f d i g li nom illtPs t : whieh has been disaster and nitelartnne to all, ruin me d e bier, SPAIN. The Gazette of to-day contains a decree appointing Lieutenant-General Richard Shelly to the inspector ship of the cavalry, the place coveted by General Serrano, and refused to him by Nereus in conse uence of the King Consort's remonstrances. Lieut.- General Count Minuiol, who has returned from his missi..n to the Isle of Cuba, has been appointed to the captain-generalship of Andalu4a, which was offered to and refused by General Serrano. Much excitement has prevailed the last two days on account of a letter havidg been received from Cuba, stating that Briga dier Ramon Sanchez, lieutenant-governor of Piaar del Rio, bad put himself at the head of the garrison of that place, and, aided by a number of mulattoes bad raised the standard of rebellion. All the daily prints have expressed themselves with great vehemence on the subject. There is every reason, however, to suppose that the news is premature, for the letter is dated the 17th, and letters have been received since that date, in which it is mentioned that Brigadier Salas had set out for tLat place, at the head of some cavalry, in consequence of rumours of a plot among the coloured inhabitants; but not a word is said about the defection of inches, who till now has been highly esteemed in the army. Two days ago, the present Minister of Finance, Senor Bravo Murillo, laid before a cabinet council a statement respecting the financial condition of the country. The statement showed that the deficit of this year is enormous. Bravo Murillo insisted either on retrenchments or increased taxation, and, the rest of the cabinet not agreeing with his views, Mon was wet for. However, this morning the ministerial prints contradict the whole story. A decree in the Madrid Gazette, of the 24th inst., orders the dismissal of a oensiderable number of officers, natives of Cuba and other American pos sessions, from the regiments in garrison in the island. A new band of Carlists has appeared in Catalonia. They are constantly pursued by the troops. The Gazette publishes a return, showing that in 1849 the exPorts amounted to 478,162,822 reels, the imports to 587,171,755 reale. The merchants of Va lence had held a meeting to take measures for form ing a railway from that city to Madrid. MADRID, OCT. 24.—Three per Cents., 341; attar Bolsa, 34 9-16 cash, 341 paper. Four per Cents., 13/. Five per Cents., 131 oast ; after Bola , 131 paper, 131 cub. Coupons, 7f cash ; after Boles, 71 cash. Passives, 31 oath. satefer Balsa, L e ndh. Bank of Ferdinand, 97 paper. hp sen, 60.30 paper. ITALY. LOMBARDY. The Milan Gazette publishes an official announce ment from the Lieutenancy-General of Lombardy, dated the 24th, informing the public that the lyosums of the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom are to be opened on the 3rd November. No lyceum is to admit students that are not of the twovinoo in which it lies. Private philoeophical teaching, as. it is called, is suppressed. The two universities of Pavia and Padua are to be opened at the same time. Certain restrictions are imposed on the admission of students who are not of the kingdom, le politic*, legal, and mathematical faculties. FLORENCE, Ocr. 22. The &auto mays that M. Belling is charged by the French government to concert a postal system with the Italian governments for more prompt communica tion between France and Italy. DUCHY OF PARMA. The Corriere /Milano of Genoa, of the 18th, states frees Rome that Cardinal Antenelli has addressed a note to the President of the Interior of the Duchy of Parma, concerning the suppression of the Alberonian College by a late order of the duke, and the banish ment of the missionaries under whose direction it was His eminence declares in this note that he has no objet tion to see the really guilty members of the mission punished, but hopes his highness the Duke will not extend such punishment to all the missiosmiss. H. adds, that his holiness sees with pleasure that his high ness is diposed to treat this matter amicably with the holy see. BALLAST HEAVIES AND PUBLIC HOVSES.—Last night a wet*/ was held at the School-room. lisrp.elley, Ferringdost-strest, for the purpose of directing attention to the system nudes which the What heavers of the port of Londe° are employed and the evil results arising therefrom. Mr. H. Mayhew took the chsir. The meeting was not ray generously attended, the seats Wag not more thin mw. fifth occupied at half past eight o'clock, when the chair wt` takes, which wee ens hour after the hour appointed, and a greet proportion of the &adieus waisted of women sod children. The numbers, however, increased as the oigat wore on, but at no period of the meeting was the room fol. Several speakers addressed the persons mumbled end resolutions were adopted expressing sympathy for the sufferings of the ballast heaven, and pledging petition for the establishment of a registry office for the employment of the men, adopting a form of petition, s he employment the Duke of Wellington, Sir J. M. Pelley, the elder brstaren of the Trinity, for the exertions on behalf of the ballast heavers and the endeavours they are now makiail %indium government to bring in such a bill. EXTENSIVE ROBBIZIES ON THE YORK AND NORTH MIDLAND MAILWAT.—Very extensive robberies of filfliDlta.--At Upeal, in Sweden, on the 12th, a fire valuable goods have for lose time peat takes. place in eon• \ Woke oil is the Royal Hospital, en Immense building. The union with this railway, and the reenit of !prestige , ao , the meeting to flames *tad with great vkle'ess, and were Wawa by a just leads have led to the discovery of a system of plaudit I wrong ale* wield. le a lints while building wee rushing ever a period of years. Sines 1847 the compeof a mins of time, and the beds, 900 isnumber and all ostler hove been celled epee to sake good many claims for loft IV it oesteinsol, wan redseed to Madero. The Bee era- goods, coasistigg of damasks, silks, woollen cloths , nientleti At the osouumeseesseet of the coutiagratlea, IV bunting aMilnothing was left steadiest but the oats: goody pills coats, is , non, and other eoseignments, sad 1 slits were employed* mese the sick ; and, oat of ni, all custody, who, it is alleged, have supported themselves st , woes saved moot 20, who were barest is death. Thete MI familleaby a wholesale system of theft for the last few PO' all fear peewee foreterly la the company's service are now W , Were 'fleeted wtth walla elienedes, and Irma essleed i s by robbing the goods trains of the company el Oaddlethorr e esils—in the Shied cl eaq of me 9( taw wisp. natio., wka• Ow aOl4 ROMAN STATES. An anziliery commission has been appointed at =t• ezandee the objects to be sent to the Ex- Landis. GERMANY A telegraphic despatch in the Cologne Gazette, dated Ousel, Oct. 28, says: " At midnight all the troops received orders to march. They have already moved upon Haim." The Bavarian papers contain a numberof details on the movement of troops. A number of officers lett Munich by railroad on the 22d to prepare quarters for the two first battalions of the first regiment of infantry, which were to leave on the 25th. On the sime morn ing four squadrons of cuirassiers left Landthet for Franconia. A detachment of foot artillery with eight guns ar rived at Bamberg by special train on the 20 , h, and wee followed on the aim by a battery of horse artillery. Bamberg is to be the head quarters of the brigade of heavy artillery. Lieut.-Gen. Lesuire, oommander of the second division of the corps clobserration, arrived on the 21st with his staff. The 10th regiment of infantry garrisoned at Re. gensburg received on the 21st orders to march imme diately that every company had attained the streugth of 100 men. The cuirassier regiment, Adalbert, destined to act on the Lower Main, was tr enter Regensburg on the 23rd, and march to Rastag on the 24th. On the 21st, orders arrived at Deux Ponta by tele graph, requiring the infantry garrisoned there to set out immediately for Homburg, whence they were to travel by train on the same day to Wurzburg. The garrison of Pirmasen received similar orders on the same day. The 14th battalion of Austrian rifles, with two com panies of Bavarian rifts, entered Aechaffmba-g on the 25th. We have intelligence from the Prussian corps on the Hessian frontiers of the 25th. A correspondent writes from Eisenach :—" Our troops are advancing rapidly along the military roads through tipper Hesse ' by way of Henreid, in the line of observation which they have to form in the south-west portion of the Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar. The head. quarters of the commander-in-chief, Gen. Gioben, are at Goys*, a village about a quarter of a mile from the Hessian frontier, and only three quarters from the Bavarian village of Tann. Our line ex tends from Spahl by Geismar, Sehelid, Gysa, Heftier, Prendsdorf, Suns, Bach, tenkmarshunsen to Berke and Gerstungen. The strength of the corps is not to be stated with precision, as the regiments are not quite complete, which, however, will he the case by the 27th. Whether a similar line will he formed in the Grand Duehy of Hesse is doubtful." Another correspondent, writing from the same neighbourhood, also on the 25th, says " The work of surrounding Electoral Hesse by Prussian troops is nearly complete. Three Prussian battalions of light infantry marched into the duchvof Meiniegen on the 2lst, and were cantoned in the border villages of Roeadorff and Eckardt. 'the march of troop. threugh the duchy of Gotha continues, and yesterday a bat talion of the 31st infantry, as well as the fusilier bat talions of the Bth infantry regiment was conveyed, per railway, direct to the Hessian frontier. New regiments have also been brought to Erfurt, which are destined to join the corps on the south-east of Hesse. The furloughed officers and men of the army of the Thuringian states of the union are all recalled, in order that these armies may unite with that of Prussia in case of need. An order has been issued by the Bavarian War office for the purchase of 1,660 horses for the caveliy and artillery. 'fhe Emperor Francis Joseph reached Warsaw very early on the morning of the 26tb. He was expected to leave that city on the evening of the 27th, to pass from Granitzo to Cracow, remain there a day, and re turn to Vienna by Cosset, ltstibor, and Odenburg on Tuesday. The Avgsburger Abend Zeitung states from Vienna on the 22nd instant, that 15,000 men from the Italian army have been ordered to join the corps in the Voralberg, and that the 2nd corps in Moravia was, on the 23rd inst., to march to the north-west. A telegraphic despatch from Vienne, of the after noon of the 251 inst , states, that part of the Italian army is actually preparing to join the corps in the Voralberg. The first mane, too, which is garrisoned in Vienna, has been instructed to be in marching order, PRUSSIA. BERLIN, Ocr. 27. Denmark proposes a suspension of hostilities with the Duchies- General Hahn (Prussian) has been sent to Kiel to impress upon the Staathalterschaft the necessity of accepting the proposal. A despatch has arrived from London pressing for the intervention of Prussia to restore peace to the Duchies. The Rhenish provinces were never before in such a state of manufacturing activity. The orders from America for German cloths, linens, cottons, sidtv, iron wares, &c., have poured in to Elberfeld, Crefeld, Aix la Chapelle, end other places, in such masses that the manufacturers will find the greatest possible difficulty in complying with them. A war with Austria and the Bandestag would ravage Silesia and the Rhine provinces. The interests of both are too great and too powerful to allow of hostilities being commenced. Military movements continue. The corps stationed at Wetzlar was accompanied on its exit from that city by the loud acelamatior4 and good wishes of the whole population. General von der Groben, the Commander-in-Chief of the Hessian corps of observation, has fixed his bead quarters in the fron tier village Bach, on the read front Eisenach to Herafeld. The corps is the 7th Corps d'Armee. The Adjutant Major, Von Pfuelstein, Le in Bach. General Von Tietzen has concentrated his division into quarters at Warburg, and awaits orders to march on Cassel. The quartermasters of the 12th Bee. of HUMP) have receive 1 orders to proceed thither to prepare quarters. The treaty by virtue of which Prussia possesses the right of occupying the military roads through Hesse-Cassel, deserves to be communi cated. It was concluded on the 28th of Septemlrr, 1833. It reserves to Prussia three roads, one of which is of no importance at the present moment, as it re quires the most perfect friendship and alliance be tween Prussia and Hanover to be available. Respect ing the others, Art. 1 of the convention says :—" The road from Heiligenstadt through Wit zenhausen and Camel to Warburg, will be continually reserved to Prussia, in accordance with the treaty of the 16th of December, 1815 ; bat it is at the same time declared that it shall not be need unless fourteen days' notice thereof have been previonslygiven➢to the ministry of the electorate. In this case, Witzenhansen and Cassel are to be the principal resting-places." The third of the roads leads front Erfurt to the Rhine at Alsfeld. With respect to this road, art. 3 says that Hersfeld is to be the principal resting-place, and appoints the various villages in the neighbour hood which are to be used as military quarters. Art. 5 confines the presence of the Prussian troops to the places mentioned in the treaty. The other articles refer to matters of detail; but art. 9 prohibits the location of small fixed detachments for the purpose of keeping up the communication. annum, Ocrr. 28. —Voluntary Loan, 1061 ; New Loan, FO2T. and a-Ball per Centa.,lool ; National Debt, 661; Com mercial Marine 13wmity's Premium, 120 ; Bank Shares. 971. Viat4NA, Oct. 26. Five per Cent. bietalliquee, 931; Foss -a-Half pot Cents., 811. Bank Mares, 1145. ou London, 11.66; on Frankfort, 1201. I k Tow Tow