The Press. — London, England, 1853-07-16 00:00:00

abuts with those of the " Brigadiers " who answer to the whip of Mr. Harm. Yet . .this gentleman, for presuming to interfere with the arrogant claim of Priest M'ENNEIIY tO dietatt , to the constitueney, was knocked down by what we must call the Minixtorial mob, and was finally emulsified to retreat from his can vass, rather than leave his mortal remains in the streets of Tralee. There is something quite new in the facts of Romps Ontholie gentlemen being assailed with as much ruffianism on their canvass as if they were reared in Protestantism. Such things plainly demonstrate the folly of looking for public " opinion " amongst opponents to knowledge, conspirators against property, re viler:4 of the Reformation, and foes to freedom thought. It is impossible, however, that these things can exist without. a reaction against them ; awl in the vigorous support which Colonel VANDELEun received in his gallant struggle at Clare we see signs that the Roman Catholics will yet emancipate themselves from the political bondage in which they are retained by their domineering priesthood. WHAT IS Fltl4:E TRADE? Dear Mr. Prests,-1. am surely approaching the real meaning of the words British free trade—for, with humble submission, I think I am discovering what they do not mean. About a quarter of a cen tury ago, when " we" was at college Si. e., when I was, for "we," correspondingly, is a singular word, or is entitled to a singular verb), the advice given in the chemistry and natural philosophy classes regard-- ing discovery was to take fresh courage from every etibrt, as the unsuccessful taught something—viz., that " we" were on the wrong scent, and needn't keep on that track any longer. Now, British free trade can't mean "no taxation," so long as our industry is burdened for public pur poses with taxes, local, JAL, to the enormous amount of about 140 million pounds sterling, of which the Chatieellor of the Exchequer takes 52 millions. It can't mean equal burdens on all the population ; for that would be simply a poll-tax of about 50s. per man, woman, and child, and that is not proposed. It can't mean the same duties on all articles of the same class; for, in the now list of customs, I find "chicory, or a n y other vegetable matter appli • cable to the use of chicory or cotlbe," is to pay less than a id. for a short period and thereafter nothing, whilst cocoa is to pay hi. per lb., and coffee, which is surely " applicable to the uses of coffee," and should pay the same duty, is to pay :hl. per lb. It can't moan the same duties on foreign and Bri tish commodities in British markets; for colonial butter is to pay 28. la. per cwt., whilst the foreign article is to be burdened with ss. per cwt.; and Man chester cotton goods pay half the duties which are levied on foreign manufactures of the same descrip tion when they enter British colonial ports--as, for example Calcutta, Cape Town, and the ports of Bri tish Nor th: America. Free trade is so sacred a thing, I understand, that it can admit of no compromise and no delay. It does not aim at the destruction of any classes or of any interests, whether they be agricultural or colo nial. On the contrary, it aims at universal prosperity; and, though for the moment British farmers may growl, and West India sugar-plantem may be any thing but sweet, yet ere long there will be a plecnix like revival of every suffering class, should there un fortunately be any such. Any way free trade is a sacred, pure, unmixed, and inevitable thing--fiat justitta, met e., " Let Britain 'knish, free trade for ever !" If we are to have it pure and unmixed, and at once and for ever, where is it? Who is its proposer and its seconder, and where is the free-trade budget? At present we have home-grown necessaries abutt dandy taxed, and foreign necessaries (?) free. We have tailors and cobblers protected, and our general artistuis exposed to unrestricted competition. We have tiny mercantile marine without privileges in our cob nial ports, to which our ships carry protected Man chester goods ; and shortly we are to admit slave grown sugar, on the payment of only a part of that taxation which British sugar bears for British pur poses at home and abroad. But what is free trade?—wait a bit.—Dear Mr. Press, yours respeetfully, A Wout.o-ut: eoNsISTENT FREE-TRADER. SLAY F. LA BOUR. TO THE EDITOR tHe "THE PRESS." your paper of •2ml July 1 observe a letter regarding " Slave Labour." Statistics of a similar kind I have seen before, but there is one particular on which I have never seen any statistics given, mid o► it some enlightenment is very desirable. Query ? What is the difference in coat to the producer of sugar in the Britieh IYet lathe Wand* and to tho THE PRESS. producer in Cuba or the Brazils ? Or, is the daily wage of a free negro about three shillings currency? A►Kd does the cost of a slave per diem (including interest on the pri►ne cost, food, clothing, and medi cal attendance) exceed sixpence? Also, supposing the planting of the canes G► be equally well done in both cases, does it not frequently happen, when the weeding has to be done, that the fre► blacks refuse to work even at three shillings per diem, and the value of the produce is thereby often reduced to one fourth, while the slave produce is matured entire in its highest perfection? A distinct answer on these points might have some weight in showing up the monstrous absurdity of our sugar policy, African squadron, Szo.-1 remain, your obedient servru►t, SCHUTATOR. IMPERIAL TITLES. TO THE EOITOIt oF " THE MESH." Sir,—T am old enough to recollect the publication of the Antbigu, a very clever French journal, edited by Pelletier in England. VP:mere/4r was always called by Pelletier L'Empareur,* and much wit was shown in proving that Bonaparte was olaily establish ing his claim to the latter title, but had done nothing worthy of the other, or likely to consolidate his throne. The same remark is not applicable to the Emperor Nicholas. His holy Majesty is, it would appear, ambitious to pmve that he is the orthodox Empereur de Russie and the Empareur of Turkey. A COUNTRY SUBSCRLIIER. Richmond, July N. THE NEW CANON OF BRISTOL. As Mrs. Malaprop would say — " Who is whi c h ? • • • • • "I, like others, thought to have beard the dean, and, when it was whispered into my ear that it was the new canon who ascended the pulpit, 1 was in doubt us to who he really was. One newapaper paragraph said that it was Mr. Moseley, the thunders of the Timor, who got the place ; others that it was Professor Moseley, the inspector of school'', and the brother-in-law of Dr. Newman ; hut, as I never saw either, I could not say which it really was, though I think I have heard the two men named are bro thers and brothers-inlaw, having mewled two sisters: was, therefore, left to conjecture. The head, large and digni fied enough to do for a hist lop, was cettaiuly more professorial than editorial ' • though I confess I wished to fancy, if pos sible, that it belonged to the fulminator of Printing-house square, as there is something novel in the idea of a man turning from a slashing article on Saturday morning to compose himself for a sermon on Sunday, Not that, ac cording to Carlyle there is any incongruity in the two million; ; for he holds that the printer and the author preach as well as the itoctor of Divinity. Everywhere (he says) in the civilised world there is a pulpit environed with all manner of complex dignified appurtenances and further auctit,and therefore a Matt with t h e tongue may, to the best advantage, euldreits his fellow-men.' Of B o urdalone it used to be said, he thunders in Notre Dame to-day :' and why Moseley, the editor, could not wield in the service of 044 and in the little carved rostrum of Bristol Cathedral, those powers which he employs for the help of a Coalition Ministry, on a square sheet of paper, I trauma. set". "'l9e Tines Moseley is (am well as the professor) in orders. When first picked up by Walter he was curate of the parish in which the latter resided, close to Iteading, 0141 Walter, who was printer as well as part proprietor of the 7'ittees, though himself no writer, had a keen notion of the style of man to do a taking leader in a rimming paper ; s o he soon saw enough of Moseley when he heard Mtn math a few months, and had hint to dinner on some dozen Sun days, to come to the conclusion that he was just the kind of fellow with winau to recruit the editorial staff in the little dingy square behind Doctors' Commons. Walter was a true type of his order : he was every inch a newspaper man, and fancied that all talent not employed on a daily paper was thrown away ; HO he bluntly told Moseley one evening, while they were sitting at their wine, that he was lost in preaching to peasants—i hat he (Walter) could do better for him ; and that, if he would transfer his serviees from at country pulpit to the metropolitan press, a thousand a year awaited him. In these days, when interest alone obtains for a man chureh preferment, it was a tempting offer for a poor curate--u tempting offer which few 'Riot. etwates could resist. And then think of the vision of power which it opened to the man ! llere he was preaching tier• mons which his own heart told him could not be products' by the bench of bishops, with none lint a squire or two and a handful of Berkshire labourers to hear them, while this !mutton printer, who kept carriages and fought tsintested cleetbals tont Of the profits of his colleens, said to him. • Throw away your old black-leather sermon ease—tithe off that gown, and go up to I Amnion and sit down at a desk in my back room near St.. Paul's, and soon net a parish, but a kingdom, ay, all Europe and America too, will hear you awl feel you every morning, and Cabinet :Ministers—wile. if you now wrote to them flu a paltry living, would not e1m ,14....etel to answer your letter—will fear you and lawn to your " It was thus old Walter addressed the country curate. and as he pointed out the prospect of so much power,' All this,' he said, • will I give you, if you leave this parish and take to the press.' And Moseley fell d o wn a n d wor mi t im.,l the image of pride and antis wity that old Nelinehishiezar Walter. the newspaper printer, had set up. Whether, when the last hour which awaits parsons and printers alike ar rives, Mr. Moseley would sooner he had chosen the humble but awful post of a faithful country curate. than accepted the tempting opportunity of making Cabinet Ministers quail ender his trenchant pen. le another question upon which I dare not presume to speenlate.“—The'Bristoi Time, t * viiirnroir iv n mom eoilied by Pelletier. It is drricrd troll CinPartri „ W LOY tad vf, to tat; furttitilo and illegal 14.444;54ivih." SATURDAY, Vrocubings in arliannt. THE IU MANIFESTOES. The proper interpretation of the circular notes and manifesbass recently issued by the Emperor Nicholas, or his Ministers, was made the ',abject of interpella Lion in the House of Lords on Tuesday by Lord LYNDHURST, who referred especially to a pas sage in the last note issued by Count Nesselrode : " I understand, acconling to my interpretation of that passage, that the ('Dort of Russia has pledged itself that, until the Ottoman Porte has satisfied the Court of Russia with respect to the demands made against it, and until we have withdrawn our fleet from the Turkish waters, they will not abandon the possession of the Danubian understand that. a noble lord in another place (Lord John Wessell) has stated that he does not put that interpretation oh that document ; but I hive read it with stone attention, and I cannot think it possible that any tither interpretation can be lint upon that tio491110.1(. I t here • font wish to know from lay noble friend whether he con curs with me in the interpretation and meaning of the passage to which 1 have referred ?" The. Earl of Ct.sumsinotti expressed his belief that some considerable variation was made in the copies of the document alluded to issued for " home con sumption," and in the translation of it which was sent abroad : " I believe it is more particularly SO with respect to the word perfidious,' as applied to the violation of the Sul tan's won(. I. believe there is a Russian original in the Foreitpeottice, and, if it can be of any satisfaction to my noble and learned friend to peruse that document, I shall nut object to lay it on the table of your lordships' house. I 110 not entirety take the same view as my noble and learned friend appears to do of what is stated in that note. I certainly can have no hesitation in stating that we do not consider that the presence of the British and Frenelt fleets in the Bay of Besika is at all similar, or can in any way be compared, to the occupation of the Ihmulibut e ip a litles_( loud cheers)—aml certainly no condition with respect to the departure of the one or the evacuation of the other will be made. (Renewed eheers.)" The Earl FITZWILLIAM apprehended that the ex. pression used in the note VMS much stronger than either of the previous speakers seemed to consider it : " The expression is not ' from the Turkish waters,' but from within sight of the Turkish capital,' which 1 appre hend has a very difti.rent meaning front the expn.ssi tttt , "Turkish waters: The Turkish waters' might mean what we call the JEgeau Sea; 'front within sight of the Turkish capital' might mean the Sena Manners. The English and French Governments are also churged with having sent their fleets into the Sultan's dominions." Apologising for introducing a subject which had only been hitherto mentioned in the public prints on the ground of the extreme interest attaching to every thing connected with the Oriental dispute, the noble lord went on to inquire whether the Government knew or could tell anything relating to the alleged passage of Austrian troops into the Turkish province of Bosnia? The Earl of CLARENDON : " I think both my noble friends have used expressions sufficiently strong—( a laugh )--hat, as Is oth of them quoted from a statement that is manifestly incorrect, there can is little importance how strong were the assertions they made in that respect. (//. w.) The English and French bloods an. neither within the 'Turkish waters nor within sight of Cilitstantinophi ; and therefore, though it may Is. so asserted in the Russian note, there arc certainly no reasons to take precautions on that subject. With respect to the question my noble Myna (Earl Fitzwilliam) has asked, I believe that. this report has arisen—its many others have arisen—from the electric telegraph, which now transacts, not very correctly, a ;neat !Heine of the diplomatic busi ness of Enrols.. I have ao reason to believe that the Aus bite, troops have crossed the Turkish frontiers ; but, on the contntry, my latest dates from the English 11l i l aster ut Vienna are the 7th ; and in them no mention is made of the circumstance. I have also communicated with the Austrian minister at this Court, who entirely disbelieves the report, and who thinks it must have arisen from the eirctonstance Of some Austrian troops having been sent to their tiortress at Peterwerdein, which is about eighty miles from the territory of Turkey." The subject then dropped. The subject was again adverted to in the House of Commons on Thursday night, when Mr. DtsnnEta, with some preliminary remarks upon the constructions, probable and possible, which the Nesselrode manifesto could bear, and to Lord Clarendon's declaration touching the opinion and intention of the Government thereon, proceeded to address the following query to Lord John Russell : " Assuming, as I do, that now negotiations are only I;irmally not virtually pursued—and that they alv arrived at what is called a dead-lock—and believing that suivantage to the public service will arise from a discussion of the imestion in both Houses of Parliament, I wish to know if the noble lord has any objection to fix a day on which the hon. member for Aylesbury can bring on the discussion in this house?" Lord tlonN ErssEt.t.:— " With respect to the tmestion asked by the right hon. gentleman I have to state that he is mistaken in sap pging the nepaiations have eome to a dead-lock; on the cvututry, WO, tht English and Fteuch liancrunients have