The Express. — London, England, 1859-10-14 00:00:00

BiD-HAND PIANOFORTEB.—CRAMiIt, imm.: m g o.a.t,ww•=tm4=4tnor.d.iiisswwLtirm.: BENSON'S WATCHES. Moans of Pak Ow W O!" . t to Iffi Wpm& - . ....... . b ..... siii. I=aakft;:oss: Ibe VtPre%s. TO 00111X1POWDZIITS. 414•Prolumale "TM " Lambs iambi !Va. mat Is as Or 01110. Tye ari as Noisy at pallinalaa. __OVIDIS SAW . Tiro Symms, Dum r as. ram I s M. ChM. R. Eller= OT. lidll• 11111 %= " ammts. —Gerona lIATIMWL Tule Il*Mnift. AN 171114 MAL NfritlLA= Lino ft ricruli rol4-4ad lationg" PIIIIIIOIIIWL ?as Zmnss. LOVE'S VIILIKISAPIL SINES. H. NSA P l" - I lrONS AZD ' irirtTait — L ains ain ts:ja l ed 4:4 letas lachwol.—Arl TIC TWO POLTL—Ouniaise J• mars. Taw Imam YRS WIDOWS WEDDING. Haaaz T. tn.,. C. T.... ; 111.10.4 Mum,. &ad tr:010 TOTIL—Aaa VIZGINIVI ta. Ti . %WM al & Ai = Nowt Nat F. Haulm. Gana. Ors. W Artrat—Ostmoss at t. Tine 'Minsk KW X WM& MEL ILL hr/..._ (Lilt L iu °D MILTON. LI ILL ; U ObL.—LI Tina - a Mil.. aim Otaa. NIGH NATNIL AT LONDON NOMA bat-moor. w ne -_-..Atirro. ANA rossee—lamtla h.. 111.—..........11ftram. MI6 II 0/11.110N. FRIDAY, OCZ 14. mit columns yesterday contained • report of a meeting of deiegates from various metropolitan Vestries to consider the supply of gas to the metro polis. If the gentlemen who have taken this matter in hand can pin the relation of the Goa Companies to the consumers upon anything like a proper foot ing, they will deserve the thanks of thousands of householders and confer a benefit upon every member of this metropolitan community. It is com puted that in one way or another London pays near 2,000,0001. • year for about 7,000,000 cubic feet of gas, obtained by the distillation of 840,000 tons of coals. Thus it is not • petty interest which is now in question. In • dense civic population gas may In reckoned among the necessaries of life. Within doors it is one of the most convenient sources of light and warmth, and for our thoroughfares by night it is an indispensable element of comfort and security. At present, however, we do not make of it half the OM we might it it were accessible, pure, and abundant. It is often toe foul to be admitted into the best rooms of the hots*, and so dear that the number of public lamps is decreasing in some of our best streets. The population and latent of the metropolis cannot increase without necessitating an increase in this quantity of gas annually made in londont bat, owing to various causes, the consumption of the article is still dieproportioned to the capacity of the public. In the cue of most saleable commodities, we may safely rely on competition to beat down all kinds of factitious checks to extortion. Difficulties which to the manufacturer or merchant seem insuper able, are speedily surmounted in presence of a rival. Economy is studied, improvements are made, price is reduced, quality raised, until finally the fair reward of the producer or vendor is sacertained. For a long time this principle was relied on in London, as else where, to provide good and cheap gas. The Char tered Gas Company, the first of the Metropolitan companies which obtained an act of parliament, was incorporated in 1810 to light the cities of Louden and Westminster, and the Borough of Southwark; and the City of London Company, the next to be incorporated, obtained powers to light exactly the same districts. Bo of other new companies, although formed in some outs to meet the wants of new dis tricts, they obtained Parliamentary power to light streets and houses which had been previously as signed to former bodies. This competition has not been without fruit. The price of gm has been steadily lowered in London. In 1831 the Imperial Gas Company was charging 13s. 6d.; in 1833, 12a; in 1836, 10s.; in 1838, 9s. ; in 1844, 75.; and now it is charging 4a. Bd. per 1,000 feet. Bat the direct competition of Gas Companies in the same district is certain speedily to attain its limit and thence forward to diminish until its principle is altogether superseded by that of a community of interests. The institution of a new Company to correct the abuses of the old one is a remedy which cannot be often applied. Even if the probable demand is each as to justify the outlay involved in as additional set of mains and new works, the streets cannot receive an indefinite number of pipes. The practical limit is' soon reached, and then, if not before, coalition begins. The London and the Equitable Companies, each of which was founded as a competitor of the Chartered Gas Company to supply the West-end parishes, were seeking to amalgamate in 1860, and endeavouring to obtain an Act which would have put an end to competition in their common district. A joint-stock Company, the Western Gas Light Company, was permitted, as a competitor with these monopolists, to lay down its pipes, although it had no parliamentary powers. Lea year even this Company appeared as the leader, of a grand combined movement, with the object of establishing a more comprehensive monopoly than the metropolis had before seen. In 1849 the discon tent against the two Companies which supplied Southwark was so great that, aa the result of a public movement, the Surrey Gas Consumers' Caw puny was formed, and the price of gas was reduced from tie. to 4.. per 1,000 feet. Two years after; wards the new Company and the old come to an arrangement, not only pat an end to competitioo, but divided the district between them, each agreeing set to supply gas to the customers of the other, of course raising the price of the article. In 1537 the various Gas Companies appear to have considered that the time had come w hen merely partialcumbination should be superseded by a general arrangement in the in. tenet of the proprietors of Gaa shares. Negotiations took place between the various Companies on the north aide of the river for a reappropriation of dis tricts, of which the withdrawal of certain companies whom competition had existed was to be one of the results. They were cooductsd to a successful termination, and the conse ,,...r.ces soon became apparent to the public. I -.par,.es re fused to tender for the public lighting of ~.•ries in which they had formerly been comps titor•. and the vestries were left to make such terms as th. y could auto those to whom the monopoly had been abindoutd. Richer terms were demanded far lighting stret• lamps. Private consumers were required to submit to new and arbitrary terms of supply, or to have their gas cut WE By new revs , lations respecting meters, deposits of money se security for payment, payment of arrears deo by former tenants, and other vexatious and aphasiac's like conditions, the householder was made to feel that ha was Do low a free pp/chaser of gas 31 the market, bet the halplese victim' et a powertal sad kreepasible &societies. It is too late, even if it were worth while, to com plain that the old gourantee of fair treatment for the Om Consumer is gone. Competition, which left the gas companies in the position of tradesmen striving who should win most custom by producing the best article was a geed thing while it was possible • ' but it hes disappeared, and cannot in this case be restored, at least net in its old form. Were the arrangements for supplying London with gas to make anew, it might be wise to °lnsider the plan of competition for the field which Mr. EDWIN CLAIM lux has recommended asapplicable to all mass where competition in the field is undesirable or illl - The plant required for distributing the gas might be the property of the public, and the privilege of supplying gas aught be entrusted to contractors, under proper guarantees, for terms not too long to exempt them from responsibility to the representatives of the public. The practical question, however, now is how to provide those securities for the consumers' interest which com petition has heretofore more or less supplied. The delegates of the metropolitan vestries have under. taken to answer it. They say truly, in the words of Mr. BIAL, " The existing Om Companies having " obtained their Acts of Parliament on the distinct " basis of competition, and having, without the sane , " tion of Parliament, by a mere private compact " amongst themselves, removed the competing basis I" and divided the metropolis into districts, the light -1 e mg of which is confided to one company, we most " now demand the enactment of such re "striations against the abuse of the power as Puha " meat inserts in all provincial acts establishing a monopoly to light a district, and such as it cer " tautly would have imposed could this newly created " monopoly have bean foreseen." It is impossible to deny the reasonableness of this requirement. What those restrictions should be we most further examine. THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 14, 1869. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (711011 ova owN PARIS, TIII:WIDAT Rcia4rxo. A number of sinister rumours were current at the Bonne to-day, and produced a very depressing effect upon the market. It was said In the ant place that the Zurich *infe rences were entirely broken up, and some even went so far as to say that M. de Bourqueney, the French Ambassador, had been recalled from Vienna. Not the slightest credence was given to an announce ment in the Morning Post of this morning (sent by telegraph) that the signature of • treaty of peace at Zurich was expected from one moment to another, and that a congress would follow. The news that Consols had only fallen j, although perhaps it prevented a panic, did not remove the ' impression that something very serious has occurred. The excitable state of the Roman population added to the general inquietude, and some people pretended to know that Garibaldi had made a forward more -1 mem. To make matters worse a story was told of an angry discussion between the admiral command ing the French fleet off Morocco and the governor of Gibraltar. It was reported that the fleet had taken up a position too near the English fortress ; that the governor had requested the admiral to go further off, and that the latter had re fused. There is no authentic confirmation of any or either of the above rumours, bat on the other hand, although they were current at a very early hour, none of the evening papers contain anything like an official contradiction of them. The Petrie merely says, in its money article, that the French Bourse is too apt to be frightened at rumours against which it has often had occasion to warn the public. A vague homily of this kind, evidently not proceeding from any specific knowledge, is insufficient to counteract • widely-spread impres* sion of something wrong, which, however exagge rated, or even unfounded, has been beyond all doubt the principal event of the day. Under the influence of the rumours above alluded to the Route fell 45c. for cub and lific. for account, closing at 69fr. 6c. and 69fr. Mobilier fell 45c., a heavy fall compared with the recent inconsiderable tluctUations of this security. The Orleans railway fell lifr. 60c., and Lyons, 16fr. 26c. The other lines were about str. lower. The Pays thinks the news in the second edition of yesterday's Time., that France requires Piedmont to pay an indemnity for the expenses of the late war, is " most improbable." Igo further, and pro nounce it altogether impossible. The Poys more over, says that the arrears of the Monte Napoleons pensions, which are represented as forming one of the open questions, can give rise to no more discus sion, as Piedmont has definitively agreed to pay them. A letter from Rome, in the Debate, states that the Pops's advisers, who a few days ago were almost prepared, although with a bad grace, to consent to certain reforms, have changed their minds, and are now more obstinately resolved than ever to stand oat far the statu quo. A Turin letter of the 14th, in the P , says that the idea of an occupation of Parma by Pied mute's) troops, which was for a moment entertained, his been abandoned, it being considered unnecessary, now that order is completely re-established by Gen. Farini, to have recourse to a measure which would be to a certain extent odious, and moreover because it is hoped that the regency of Prince Carignan will shortly be established, in which case the Piedmontess army will occupy Central Italy u &matter of course. This letter affirms in the molt positive manner that the regency will extend to the Romagna. A French gun-boat, recently built on the shores of the Mediterranean, is at this moment trying to make its way by the Languedoc Canal and the river Garonne to the Atlantic. It arrived safely at Toulouse the day before yesterday, and is going on to Bordeaux and Rochfort. The experiment is considered by the French government as highly important, for its success will prove that war ves sels of small draught may proceed from one sea to another without passing under the guns of Gibraltar. It is more than probable that the water communica tion between Cette and Bordeaux will be deepened, so as to allow ships of considerable tonnage to be moved by inland navigation. EDt Court. BALMORAL, Oar. 11. Her Majesty, accompanied by Princess Alice and Plum, Arthur, drove to the woods of Oarmaddla, where they alighted sad walked Is the hill of Cutups and lavergelder. The Prince Consort went oot deer-esalldag, and met he Majesty as hie return. The royal party drove home from laver elder. TM Prins of Walls rod* to tomatotd. TM royal dismal:arty included the Priace of Wales and Prisms* Allot, Si, Cheeks sad Miss Phipps, and Dr. Ro. barteco. 00111•0111611 B tenths Lard High Comtniiefoser of the lonian lakei t sad kcal the goverment of the Gold Cost &ad Sierra Lae" were nadvid Asbirday at the Cokeal-office. A telegram free Edinburgh, dated yesterday ma'am rya :—•' The Queers arrived purtmually at 6.21 p.m., imff wee ressived by the Doke of Bocclettch, Vimmuut Melville. the Lord Provost, the Sheriff of Mid•Lothiea, and other peruse. The weedier wee beautiful throughout. The Qum end Prime Comet have to-morrow st 10, fir Leek Lief" le epee the Gleeper Wets:voila." A Private War from Smyrna announces the antral of bee Malosty's sisain-frigste Earyolus with Prince Alfred on board. Ms same tenor adds that a brilliant Pie was in preparation by the inhalitana of the British colony of Boaraabat, la Imam of his royal highasse's rids to the Asian Leaped. The Earyalas is probably now at the Boephoroa, in compliance with hie %quire autograph Manlike to the royal " mid." His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge ro- tamed to town last nista from Lytham Hall, Lancashire, where he bad been staying on a visit to Colonel and bin. Talbot Clifton. The Princess Anatole Itariatiasky sad family live WI Orillioa's Clarendon Hotel, for Park. •The Earl of Moray, Lady Margaret Stuart, and the Han. George Stout laave the °Wends Peak Hotel, Weybrldie, Una day lee Scotland. The &I of Airlie hes returned to his shooting Mille Olenials, when he is espying the sport of deer- Lord and Lady Kinnaird have been on a visit to Lord sad Lady Abercromby, at hirtlun Cools. Lord John Itaasell, accompanied by Lady Rumsll and family, arrived on Wedantay night at Douglas's Hotel, bon Haddo Hone, on their way to the south. Earl and Countess Fortescue and Miss Goals have Lit Castle Hill for Soatarrille, Waterford, Inland. Lady Dunstanville is at present on a visit to the Bari of et Geratans, at Port Eliot, Cornwall. —.— _ _ The Dowager Lady Raglan and the Hon. Mime Hemmed Mt Apsthorpe Hall oa Wednesday. The excavations on the site of the very extensive Zama villa in Apettamps Park have been discoatinned for the meat, the mate of the gal of Westmoreland's health preeeting his lordship's personal superintsadanoe of the seas. " Though eighty-one years of age," remarks the ifiemAester Guardian, " Lord Brougham has undergone an amount of work this week which would hove soverely taxed the imemiee of a man in middle life. His address at the meeting of the Social Science Aerociation on Tuesday wee a marvel of length end ability; on Wednesday night he took part in the anniversary proceedings of the Bradford Mechanics' Institute; yeatentay he paid Sheffield a visit, and delivered speeches marked by his won'ed An and vigour; end, lam night, be was one of the speakers at • working atia's meeting at Bradford. Long may his voice be beard :" At its meeting on Tuesday, the Town Council of Cork resolved to send • deputation to his Excellency the Lord- Lientensnr, inviting him to • banquet on the occasion of the opening of the Youghal liar, which it is expected will take place la about • fortnight. Oa Wednesday evening Madame Jenny Lind (Redraft sang at a crown:lei concert in the Victoria Hall Belfast. Herr Goldszindt, Herr Joachim, and Sigma; Hellstd took Nee aloe in Ma entertainment. The Lenin! Herald, of the Stb, says:—" Her Majesty's ship Caradoc arrived in the Bosphorus on Satur day mom* last from Melts, having on board Sir Henry Rawlinaon, K.C.B , the sew &in.& Minister to Penh, sad sake. His excellency, we understand, will remain here for acme ten days longer, and then proosel in the Caradoo to Poti, on the coast of Mingrelie, whence he will make hie journey to Teheran, by way of Kutius, Tiflis, and Libre's." The hones belonging to the late Lord 11, Seymour bare jest been sold by auction at Bablonvills. They were alnseems in number, end fetched a little over 47,000 tr. The Spirt my, —" It is probeb:e that if it had not ben fur the peadp el We lordablp's at Alas sot half that stun would hare bees reeilmed." A letter from the Hague, of the 10th, says : Tbs Count de Fleadre meat yesterday from Amsterdam to Beandyk, to pay a vigil to the Qum Mother. The reoep tics gim' to bun was most cordial, and the most delicate attentions were lavished on the y.tisg penes. The royal palue at Amsterdam has bean placed at his disposal by order of the lung. During the day the 11141 CO visited the ditToreet 1121.1.0,0*, and the navel arsenal. In the evening he returned to Atnaterdsot, sad the mut morning returned to t►s Mips by special train." Tbs ..- St. Peter gury Gazette aanoances that Coact liertraviell-Amearekil, Govarnor•Otaeral of Eastern Siberia, left Nib oleaysk, oa the Amour, as board a Rilleillll Wilt steamer, for de hawse port of Ybakodale,wbere he arrived tbri 23rd Jose. The Bch , ' Della Berta of Nillas announces that the ban►iag•hoase of Mooed' and Barocco, at Milan, has subscribed 100,000 fr. towards Garibaldis land fur par anoia( iumilias. A few evenings ago the Theatre Royal Copen hagen eras crowded on the ..ccarion of the retern to the stage of Denmark's greatest scum, Madge. Heiberg. who for the hst two ran had retired into prices. life. The part se holed Ito bar 'entree wee Lady Teer'e, in Sheridan's 60,41 foe &modal flurtorscAule). Tho yomgeet son of the Viseroy of Egypt, Toes onto Perim, arrived man dam ego is Paris from London, wad bee pose os a visit to Id. de Lump is Bony. His Warm, who sotwithstaadep his amseme youth, steaks newel Earopass Lutiumws, is accompanied by an Beilieb gispersese, a itsa. physocios, sad a asseroes Mat% LATEST INTELLIGENCE. PARMA. PAPJLA, Oar. 13. The National Guard and all clams of the to Wu- people are signing an address of thanks sad adhe sion to the Dictator Farini for the energetic mea sures be has recently taken. The conscription has ended very well, only two cases of nos-complianos having occurred, and these in the province of Piacenza. Fresh arrests of persons suspected of having taken part is the murder of Count Anviti have taken place. The Procureur-GEntral and the Juge In structeur in the case have been suspended. The townspeople have begun to deliver up their arms Public tranquillity prevails at Parma. ROME ANI) SARDINIA. A letter from Rome of the 6th my. : The despatch of Cardinal Anton'W to the Narquis de la Mbrarm, which is dated the lot, Mates that after so many sets of striking hostility against the Holy ths from this gevertimant of Piedmont, the Pope thinks it stimssery to break of all diplomatic relations with that power, sad has ordered his passports to be sent to the Piedmonium espeesed tads°. The marquis received this despot& MLa ZaHweils, war Frascati, sod replied that he would Ism so tins in quitting Rome. The marquis has just deposited the eirsktess od his legation at the French embssey, sad vitil Ism to morrow moreing. A wieli had bum expressed to seeks a demonatration io his honour, but General Count tie Guyon addressed the following note to his officers: "The &rug d'Affaires oC Piedmont has received his passports from the Pontifical Government. He desires a ammilmtation in his favour, which would be a politicsl Our duties here do not allow us to tolerate external meal festatis. The gea rs! of division, bowing the nobleness of character of his brave subordiustee, has himself warned Al. de la Minerva that he should prevent or repress any manifestation of the kind. If, therefore, this warning should be slighted, our action must be the more rigorous that it would appear to imply a doubt of us, which neither 01112 nor must be without its being known what such a coons would Lost." Since yesterday the palace of the Sardinian Latina has been frequented by a host of persons, who have Seas to vhit the Marquis de la Minerva. The Preach gendarmes perd all the approaches to the palm* and patrol the streets la order to lomat soy public, manifesesticat. M. de )[Etta, it is meld, has written to Um Ambemedor of Frage to com plain of the hutch gems] far barks Warmed him officers that he (M. de to Koine) desired a desseastration on his depart's% awl that it was their duty to prevent it. The letter was drama mo is smelt @harp Wines that the Dolts de Gramme emailmakd himself by writing that b• bad no reply to give. The thirMalea Meister intended to leave the Pepsi States by a steam, tosabiag at Leghorn ; bet in obedience to orders front his gammen:it, he is to return by land. NAPLES. A letter from Naples, in the Opiniotw, states that the whole Neapolitan frontier is lined with troops, and that Montecamini has been fortified with cannon. THE CONFERENCES. PARIS, Femur. The Cootatitutionwel publishes an article signed by the secretary Boniface, stating that the only question remaining to be settled at Zurich is the Lombard debt. The contracting powers being agreed on all other points, the early signature of the treaty is expected ; and the questions not set tled at the Conferences will be submitted to a con gress, the assembling of which all the European powers are agreed upon. PIEDMONT. TURIN, Oct. 13. M. Dabormida, Minister of the Exterior, has left for Paris. The Piedmontese troops garrisoned at Piacenza hare been sent to Parma. The inquiries at Parma continue. TURKEY. TRIESTE, THURSDAY, oyr. lE. The Austrian Lloyds' steamer just arrived brings advice* from Constantinople to the Bth inst. The commission of inquiry has held its last sitting, the result of which is not known. One of the accomplices, hionastir Pacha, has been brought to Constantinople. It is reported that I)schaffir Pacha him fled to Corfu. The publication of the Levant Herald and the Primo d'Orient hu been prohibited. The Emperor Alexander was expected at Odeon on the 29th ult. A fresh arrival of 661 emigrants from Ciroassia at Constantinople has taken place. An American frigate has arrived at Jaffa, demand ing the extradition of the originators of the murder committed there three years ago. The Turkish government has recently effected great improvements in the commissariat of the army. FRANCE. PILAW, FRIDAY. _ _ _._.... The Moniteur publishes a decree extending the powers and the spheres of action of the Prefect of the Seine. BRUSSELS, TILIMSDAT. On the occasion of the visit of the Rmperor at Bordeaux most of the Italian residents in the town were arrested during his stay, but were released after his departure. These arrests were made on account of a despatch having bees received from the prefect of Algiers, stating that four passports had been stolen from the Sardinian consulate in that place, and with which four Italians bad started for France and passed through Montpellier, where further trace of them was lost. BANK OF FRANCE. The Yomitaw publishes the monthly Inhume of the Bank of France to yesterday, Oct. 13. We give the most important items, with the corresixmding figures of last month en regard : Oct. Sept. Coin sad bullion. Paris 224,369,480 .... 210.066,155 Ditto ditto branch bunks Bill. discounted, Paris 216,931,821 .... 245,265,860 Ditto branch banks Noted in circulation, Pori' and branches Treasury deposits Private deposits, Peel 182,801,473 .... 266,836,690 Ditto branch banks Advanced on public amides 27,961,600 .... 28,123,200 Ditto by branch beaks Advanced on railway sscatittea 49,976,600 .... 120,196,839 Ditto by breach blinks Djafer Pacha, one of the late conspirators at Con 'teeth:opts, who threw himself into the Bosphoraa from a erne while on his purge actor to Inlet under arrest, suc ceeded, it is mid, in effecting ►is escape; a letter from Cork reports his safe arrival there. The Lirant Broad says " Hie Majesty has already approved of and osoarmeal the purahmeuts pronounced in each case, of which an early an nouncement will b made public through the journals. la the meantime, we an able with increased coa&ienoe to say that no capital penalty will be indicted." _ - - A promising voang artist of Berlin, M. Wagner, of ease note as a painter ef animals, lost hie life three days 'Uwe by a lamentable accident. Hs had gone to • wood some miles from Berlin to she eketchre ' and being fond of shooting he carrkd • gun with him. A.s he went along hie foot slipped and he fell, sad the gun going of by som e chance killed him on the spot. Our Liverpool correspondent informs us by tele graph, that the Liverpool, New York, and Philadelphia Basem-sbip Company have purchased the Glamor. and New York Company's steamers Edinburgh and Glasgow; sad they will therefore be enabled tr give incremed seconinioda di Wm= England, Wand, end Amerlcat BOMBAY AND AUSTRALIAN MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, FRI V DAT —DINING. The Indus steamer, Captain Weeks, has arrived. She left Alexandria Sept. 30; Malta, Oct. 4 ; Gibraltar, 9. She brings 76 passengers, 22 packages, specie not stated, 948 bales silk, and general cargo. Her Majesty's ships Exmouth, Renown, Scourge, Firebrand, Banshee, and Caradoo were at Malta. At Gibraltar were her Majesty 'e ships Marlbo rough, Edgar, Princess Royal, Conqueror, Victor Emmanuel, Centurion, Orion, Neptune, Doris, Scylla, Cadmus, Vulture, Lapwing, Coquette, and Quail. and a French tieet. Exchange at Gibraltar on London, 51fr. 18c. ; Paris and Marseilles, 532 fr.; Genoa, 535 fr. The crew of the schooner Rhoda, of Milford, which sprung a leak and sunk on the 15th ult., 60 mule, from the island of Sardinia, were landed at Gibraltar on the Pith inst. by the Hanoverian brig Cornelia. The Rhoda was laden with maize, from ibrail • for Cork, be. Accounts from Tangier to the fish instant, state that no arrangement coned yet be come to of the pending difficulties between Spain and Morocco. There were two Spanish men-of•war at Tangier. It wu reported that the Moorish Minister for Foreign Affairs bad ultimately refused to accede to the fur ther demands of the Spanish government, which comprise a pecuniary indemnity for the expenses in curred by Spain. The population at Tangier were in a very excited state, looking at the rupture u complete, and expecting hostilities to commence shortly. The schooner Sparrowbawk, of Portsmouth, put into Gibraltar on the 6th, leaky, and would have to discharge for repairs. The brig Lebanon, of Shielde, sprang a leak on the 22nd ult., 36 miles south of Alicante, and foun dered. The captain and crew were taken to Gib raltar by the barque Stentor. VOCAL Amara:rms.—We hear that M. Benedict, in conjunction with Dr. lames Poch, bee determined to or genies an amateur instrumental deputment in connexion with the above aseccuiron, to be called the focal and In strumental Aasoolation," for the peaceca of overtures, syw phonier, centaur, masses, anthem., and any other music that may be suitable for band and chorus conjointly, or separately, and that in the course of the ONISJII two or mots concerts will be given by its members. We need hardly remind our readers that, educationally speaking, this is a step in the right direction ; and no doobt the many amateurs with whit* this metropolis abounds will to f end to embrace each as ow:Kinney for practising end studying the beat vocal and instrumental compositions of the great masters, nadir the able direction of two such accomplished we'll. SACRED HARMONIC SOCIETT.—The first meeting of MK the tweety-eighib mum will be held in the Large Hall, Ezwer-ball, this (Friday) eventag. LONDON ItirLs BRIGADR.—The Right Hon. Lord Chloe Justice RA; his oraisto•tad 101. 10r, to this brigade. M. MAZZINI'S LETTER TO KING VICTOR IMMANUEL. The above letter, dated Florence, Sept. 16, appears entire in We manlinee Doily Rows. Andre/sing the Kiag, M. llaszini mays : _ _ Bey to Louis Napoleon, " I mistrusted Italy, therefore I accepted your peace, not mine. Bat Italy did not mistrust me, and I feel ths obligationa which that trust imposes. I withdrew my acceptance. I will do, freed how every bond that which God and my country inspires to atampt. I ask of you only one thing to abstain h= all interference to our affairs, and to leave Italy, as you promised, tree to fulfil, by her own exertions, the work which you initiated with me. On this condition you will find me ever grateful, and Italy always the friend of France." . _ 84 to the European governments, " You have destroyed the of treatise of 1816 to Poland, In Belgium, in Francs, in the Bera—ev - -have. The experience of the last 40 years bee shown' __.., aslant to you, mad you liiiecmessied it many that there le no peace possible to Bumps without accepting the principle that every people shall itself settle its own in kens' affairs. We are preparing to do so. In the name of Italian right I ask you to leave us alone and tree. Against Austria we mak aid only front our own swords; only let no oars aid her; be the keepers of the field, and render • tardy justice to the people from whom sprang in • great measure that civiliastiou which sdorus your own dominions:' Say to the Itaßre, " You have hailed me as the first sealer of your ledepemdence, and I will net betray the =rico yea bar entreated to me. There is no independence for Mess, nor possible strengtn for those divided swore them selves. Be then • free and waited people. Let victory close the beg series of your martyrs; sines 1848 you have proved that the timers rips for the. Ries now, one and all. Over 'throw the arelloial barriers which separate you, Si I tear every old compact adverse to your unity. Free yourselves from all your oppressors, and whenever you shall see under the =odour banner the shining blade of the sword I now =- sheath, there rally amend ton With God's help and yours, I will never replace it in its sheath until in Rome your re presentatives shall dictate the compact of love for the twenty-six millions who people our Italy. But meek ! I require from you, besides those I now count around me, 200,000 armed men. I re quire the means necessary to maintain them in action. I re quire unlimited trust ; I require that you in order to conquer are ready, as I am, to die. Slaves or freeman ; fur us there is no middle way." Sire, the Italians will be free and great. The day on which you utter such words as these, parties will be extinct racer us Only too things will have life and sues in Italy—the people sad you. Sirs, what do you fear ? Austria ? with the whole of Italy—because the language which I propose to you gives R s Naples and Sixty—ranged under your banner, with Re=ready Weise sad *stern= P Do you fear England? is with you provided you are not with Louie kon. Do you fear your ally P Your ally descended into Italy fraternising with you, to endeavour by patronising a noble cause to win back a waning popularity. He cannot now return and fight against it ; he cannot say to France, "Yesterday I required your gold and the blood of your sons spinet Austria for Italy ; I require them for Austria against Italy. Your ally . hastened m :stm, bemuse hs knew that his dominions were threatened the Germ= invasion; that Invasion yet hangs • more over his head. Yes terday be could, to further his own ends, play the put of the emancipator—that of the t yran t is, roept in France, throe forward forbidden him by Priests, by Germany, by Begird, and by the teedencies which are once again beginning to manifest thernaelveeln Prunes itself. No, the first war of Louis Napoleon will not be against you, Sire ; it will be between him, England, sad Germany. But, Sire, why speak to you of things which are, or which ought to be, bettor known to you than to me? I sell you in the name of Italy to • great undertaking, to one of those undertakings in which the strong man numbers his friends, not his enemies. I call you to all yourself with 26 millions of Italians, meters, provided' that they are waited and led, of their own deslinies. I sell you to put yourself at the head of a national remittal= which will fled, if others ever attempt to repress it, alike= amongst all those people, who went • free country. I call you to an initiative that =yeoman en Bo ropes initiative. The half of Europe, Sire, will joyfully hall the uprising of Italy as it bathed the uprising of the United States, of Greece, of the every war of every people that de sires to make of itself a Ratko, of every peat providential fact ; the other half will draw back suspicion., end fearful diplomacy, like the midnight spectre, looks threaten's; and =him who fears it; it dissolves itself into than air I:1 to m who boldly approval= it. Dare, Sire, dismirs all who bar or suggest fear. Surround yourself with those whose life eras firm= of principle, pure love for Italy, sad strangle of will. Give to the people a pledge of liberty ; give freedom to the press, to public associations, to public, speech ; the press, =bile associations, and meetings, will create mowed you an enthusiasm, a fee. meat, from whit* you may drew all the strength you want; liberty her me Amgen save from those who intend to betray her. Forges for • little while that you are the king, to be the first cies= the first armed 'Towle of the nation. Be great se the =jest which God has put before you, sublime r duty, daring as faith. Will and declare it, you will have all, sad us amongst the first, with you. Go, without looking to the right or the left, in the name of eternal justice, eternal right, to the Holy Crusade of Italy, sod you will conquer with her; and thee, Sire, when in the midst of the tinker of Europe, and the delirious joy of the Italian people, and joyful in the joy of millions, and blessed In the consciousness of having fulfilled • godlike work, you will ask the nation what post she assigns to him who has hazarded his life and throne in order that she should be free and one, be it that you may wish to peas to eternal fame with pcetseity as the Life. President of the Italian Re public, or be it that the royal dynastic idea may possess your mind, God sad the nation will blies and swept you, and I, • republican, and ready to return and die in exile, to preserve pure and int= to the grave the faith of my youth, shall ex claim, with my brother Italians, " President or king, may God blew you, and the nation for whom on have dared and eoequered." JOSEPH MAZZINI. Florence, Sept. 16. ASCENT OF MONT BLANC. TO TEE EDITOR OT Till maces. SlR,—Mont Blanc has been so often "done," and described, that there is very little left to tell *bout him Nevertheless, as mine is only the second ascent that has eve; been made so late as the month of October, since Helmet Ent wended in August, 1786, a few remarks about it may not be out of place. The other ascent in October wee made by a Frenchman in 1834. I was induced to make the ascent in this month by the very fine weather, which set in here about the first, and which I had every reason to suppose was far more favourable to • successful ascent than the warmer, and often foggy, weather of July or August, and which proved to be correct, so my chief guide, Jean Telma, who has ascended the mountain more frequently than any other guide, declared he never made a more favourable eacest. This guide has made 19 somata in the last 25 yeses. I left Chamoaix at eight s.m. of the 3rd inst., and arrived at the Grande Yukio at two p.m. On those bare points of rock 9,996 feet above the level of the sea, and far above the limit of eternal snow, exists • cabin, built by the guides for the accommodation of travellers. Here we halted until the next morning. Daring the night the roar of descending avalanches disturbed our uneasy slumbers, and the night we. so dear that we maw awe avalanche of snow pouring like a mighty torrent over • IMOUStAiII of ioe into the plain below. We again started at 4 a.m. of the 4th, and by the aid of lanterns and those an.' erring 'sides, groped oar way over • track where to clip wee extremely perilous, and bones various liseureefof unknown depth, to fall into which would be utter annihilation. On arriving at the Petit Plateau we came to • mese of snow in terspersed with huge blocks of ice, apparently recently fallen from an overhanging mountain of ice. This, a guide informed me, we. probably an avalanche which hid fallen the night before, and which wee followed, after a noise like heavy thunder, by a violent gust of wind, which ehook our little house in the Orands Millet,. My chief golds said bare, with the greatest composure, " that we had better get across this se quickly u we could, as it was vary likely some smeller animates would follow this large one." We arrived at the summit of Mont Blanc just before noon, and enjoyed the interlined view from Switzerland to the Me diterranean, and also • cool glue of sparkling wine from the vineyards of Rowney. The thermometer at the summit at 121 p m. was at 28 deg. Fahrenheit, and there being no wind, tar cold was not at all distressing. A gentleman who made the ascent a week earlier than I did, on the 27th September, found the Thermo-after at 9 liege Fahrenheit, and the **met near the sewn t exc. wooly difficult from the intense cold and newly &Hen 1111011 ; *bowing, at one might reaeonably suppose, that fine weather, with a steady barometer, occurring rather late in the season, is more favourable for UM* expedition, than when the deys are looter and the weather at all unsettled. The difficulty of breathing at • great elevation, and which prevails among many primes, even go dm, from ascending Mont Blanc, was not at all felt by me, end I think it is very probable that if the capacity of the lungs for air of those who fail in unending high elevation* was tested by the pultoo meter, It would be found that there was a great want of re lative capacity to the bright of the individual. A table show ing a number of observation* of this fact, and others bearing immediately on it, would be very instructive. Os my descent I arrived at the Grande Melee at 41 p.m., and come down from thence this morning, experiencing no extraordinary difficulties. I may mention one little incident which would have lessened our number but for the presence of mind of these guide,. The leading guide, in descending a snow-track by • motion something between eliding and walking, suddenly uncovered • hole leading to some un fathomable fissure below, and into which, had he slipped, several others would probably have followed, ■nd been lust is a moment. _ Such is the life of the Chamonix guides, who know no fear ow their monstams, and who for • few pounds OM- Mandy risk their live* to gretify mseetten.—Yours, &e., HENRY BLADE, Barron, Evil Navy. Cloacetz, pct. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. OXFORD, Om 13. It is now definitely arraoged that the Prinoe — ef Wales will arrive at Orford on Monday next, to commence his studies at the university. Hid Royal Hlghame w ill b s eccompsnied by Colonel the Hon. Robert Bruce, Governor of the Household, sad suite. S in. of the domestics tree. Bookinghscs Palace are, we understand, making the 01018. sary arrengements for his Royal Highnesses reception as Frowin Hall. MATZICCIATIONB.—The Vice-Chenoellor will attend at the apodyteriam, in the Coavooation Howe, for the puma of leatriculanag Modiste, on BMwday, October 15, end oa &Monday, October fl at 4 o'clock p.m., and on every degree day immediately alter the congregation. CAMBRIDGE, Ocr. 13. At a congregation holden thin day the under. mentioned degrees were minkered D.D. Jounce AUay, St. John's College. •.u. Edward Williams, Bt. John's College. D. B. Williams, Corpus Christi College. Joseph Crofts, Queue College. Elam Brown, Sidney College. Daniel Evans, Sidney College. AL H. W. P. Hutton, Etislat's C Charles Stanley Tapir, Cobtairlaga. The Rev. H. J. C. Crook, of Lincoln College, Oxford, was admitted od eivadeat. LORD .811017011 AN LY SHEMILD. Yesterday the town of Sheffield had the honour cd being visited by Lord Brougham, on the occasion of the sauna meeting of the ragged schools. His reception fully realised the most sanguine anticipation', for In every part of his journey, daring the whole of the day, from hie first arrival on the platform in the morning to leaving at night wee one continued ovation. To welcome Ids lordship's arrival in the morning, by the train from Bradford at 11.20, when ho has been conspicuously !Igor-Ws at the meeting of the Social Science Aseociation, there was assembled in the station yard a concourse of spectators numbering thousands, and along the reed to the town the way was lined by hundreds more. Arrived at the station, accompanied by George Hadfield, Esq., It.P., his lordship was received by ➢lr. Alderman H. B. Boole, whose guest his lordship had been invited to be. In Alderman Hoole's carriage Lord Brougham and Mr. Hadfidd then drove up to Creekaarnoor House, and during the whole of their journey they were heartily cheered by the crowds who accompanied them. On arriving opposite the Angel Hotel the carnage was brought to a stop, and as the crowd was every moment increasing, his lordship took woad= to address them, stand tog in the body of the hall. Lord Brougham said, the scene almost looked to him as though he were going to interfere with the position so honourably held by Mr. Hadfield end his friend Tear 'am" —(oheers and laughter)—whom he wee very sorry to say he should not be able to meet on the present occasion. He only regretted one thing, and that was that he had expected to have had the &lemurs of re maining Mr. Hoole'e guest until the morrow, when he expected to return to Bradford; but orroagtopeoto had been made by the committee of the Social Science Ann. elation at that plaoe for him to go back that night, and he must comply with their request, though he w oul d certainly have much rather relearned here. (Hear.) He had really little inure to say excepting that ~111. principles remelted the same as they were in 1830, when he applied to them sad their forefather. to support him in the mesaure be was thea undertaking. George Hadfield, Bid., M.P., then delivered a few re mirk& At the oonchaion of Mr. Hadfield's observations, the assembly gave three heart 3 cheer., and the carnage was driven forwards. His leedahlp arrived at the meidence of Alderman H.,8. Hoot about 12 o'clock, The following gentlemen attended and presented as address to his lordship from nonconformist ministere.—The Rev. Dr. Lorton,_Rev. Brewle Great, Rev. C. Lamm, Rey. R. C. Lumaden, Rev. G. S. Spencer, Rev. J. Breslin, B. Andrew B. Pitton, Rev. T. Marun Her bst, sad Joseph James. Esq., the archltest of the Rev. &swim Grant's new chapel. Lord Brougham replied at some length to the address. After luncheon, an address warn presented to his lordship by the Mayor, on behalf of the corporation of Sheffield, which was also acknowledged at considerable length. At 2 o'clock the annual meeting of the Begged Schools wsa held, under the presidency of Lord Broadbent, who delivered an inter estingaddress DEATH OP SIR GEORGE GOODMAN, OP LEEDS.— It la with much regret that we announce the death, thia (Thursday) morning, of Sir George Goodman. at his re sidenoe, u Roundbay, Leeds. Sir George was a magistrate of the borough and the West Riding, and wee the first mayor nodes the Municipal Corporations Act in 1836. To the same office he wee also elected in 1846, 1850, and 1851, in the last of which years he received the honour of knighthood. While in office u mayor in July, 1852, he resigned to be come a candidate for the repreeentation of the borough in parliament, and was elected as the colleague of the Right Hon. H. T. Baines. The high esteem in which Sir George was hold was on that occasion manifested by his being re tained at the head of the poll. On the dissolution of par liament in 1867 he retired from the representation owing to ' failing health, and from that period he was seldom able to appear in public. Some years back he wee prominent in all political and philanthropic movements. He was a warm ad vocate of tree trade, and was in politics a decided liberal, in favour of a large extension of the franchise. In his inter course with his fellow-townsmen he was especially distin guished for kindness of manner and an open-hearted die pennon. which pined for him the esteem of all who cause in contact with him. His name will be handed down to fate= generations by • splendid portrait which adorns the council chamber at the Town-hall, placed there by his fellow-towns men in commemoration of his election as first mayor of the borough alter the passing of the Municipal Reform set.— La& finality. ROYAL Coming of SUROEONS.—The following members of the college having undergone the necessary examination', were admitted Licentiates In midwifery at ■ meeting of the board on the 12th inst., vie.:—Messrs. Alfred Henley Bossy. Stoke Newington, diploma of membership dated August I, 1869; John Joseph Swindell, Whetstone, Middlesex, August 1, 1869; Charles Henry Elliott, Swan River, Australis ; Thomas Parkas, Woolwich, July 19, 1869; John Bridger, Cottenham, Cambridgeshire, March 11, 1869,• Thomas John Hughes, Woolwich, March 21, 1869; sad Edward Vernon Utterson, Balhant-hill, May 16, 1869. DESTRUCTION BY FIRE OP THE HULL THUM ROTAL.—We regret to report the destraction, by fire, of the Theatre Royal at Hull, one of Ike most compact and hand some theatres in the provinces. It aware that about seven o'clock yesterday morning Mr. Freed, was on the stage of the theatre, and was alarmed by seeing • quantity of emote, sad almost Immediately the private room of Mr. Pritchard, the lame, encored on the east side of the stage, was ob served in flames. He immediately raised an alarm, and assistance wee soon at hand. The police hoes and firs engioes were quickly on the spot. In the meantime, how ever, the tire epresd rapid!) on all Mee, and it was evident that it would be a most difficult matter to check its pr' pees. Unfortunately, sumo delay was at first experienced in procur ing • sufficient force of water, end the flames cwinned to rage furiously, end ra pidly burnt up the scenery and other stage effects, and then extending to the neeth part el the building destroyed the boxes and galleries. Notwithstanding that an ample supply of water was ulti mately obtained, the roof fell, and the beildiug was com pletely gutted, leaving little more than the well. standing. It may be mentioned that special efforts had been =de for the production of a" spectacular drams," which rendered neces sary the augmentation both of the general wardrobe and that of the performers who had to take part in its representatioo, and we regret to state that nearly the whole of those "Melee have been destroyed, which we ll be a serious ices both to the lessee and the member" of the company. Considerable alarm was naturally felt for the safety of the property ad joining the theatre, but fortunately the exertions whim ware used prevented the Sautes horn extending beyond the build ing Welt Tie theatre is insured, but not the wardrobe, which is worth, it is supposed, about 4001. This Is the second ere which has occurred at the Theatre Royal within • few weeks, but on the previous occasion it was confined to the wardrobe, and only trifling damage was done. SERIOUS ACCIDENT AND REMARKABLE ESCAPE. —Between 11 and 12 on Wednesday night, as a young MIA tented William Hunt, farmer, Newton, was returning home from Liverpool with his hone and cart, the horns, when about midway between Presort and St. Helene, Nutted off at full speed, and continued to gallop down Cropper's Hill, which is very steep, as fat as it could, until It ran against the shop occupied by William Johnson. grocer, situated at the comer formed by the juec' ion et Liverpool road and Westfield-street. The shafts of the cart were dnvan through the brick wall, throwing down the Melee*, and the boric was instated, killed, its heed being e•mpletely driven faro its body. Strange to say, the driver, Mr. Hunt wad not much injured at the time. He spears to have been lying drunk and asleep at the bottom of the cart elect the horse started off, and he was not awoke until the horse ran against the shop, and be was thrown from the cart noilddl the wall; but the circumstances of the a,cideut, and elto loss of the bone, which be had only a abort time before purchased for 601., has so preyed on his mind, Met it is thought be will loss his senses. . . EXTKAORDINART PIT ACCIDENL—A moat en trurchnary accident occurred at a Mt near Dudley on Wednesday. About fifty tons a coals fell In one pert of the pit, and would have turfed 14 men alive had not the saffotd poles end supports formed a protection against the falling mass. The men were, however, ecmpletely shut out from the day, and it wu Neural hours before they could be rescued. Only one Mel vas injured, and he is not raid to be eerfouslr hurt. The adjourned inquest on the bodies of two men Who were suffooned by cb• Ice damp" in the pit at Blower's Green, near Dudley, was terminated yester day, end, after the government Inspector had given his evi -1 deuce, a verdict of " Accidental death" wet returned