The Express. — London, England, 1862-08-28 00:00:00

HARMONIIIIIB.-NEW NODIL. CIAKII. RULE. and WoOD. 24a. bresaidneb. FU N, EVERY WEEK, ONE PENNY. Cie erimeoo• TO ODIMESPONDENIS. Advertisements Intended for "TieEiTiress" London Evening Paper, must be at the office, 10, Eouverieatreet, by Two o dock on the day of pabliaatkaa, COVENT GARDEN. THIS EV3717101, THE LILY Of KILLARNEY. Mimes Louisa Pyne. Thlrla all, and Susan Pyne ; Messrs Kantley. George Perren, Patey, Dussek, Lyall. and W. Hardson.--Conductor, Mr. A. Mellon.—Doora open at halt-pat 7. Commence at 8. HAYMARKT. Tel EyarnM FISH OCT 01 WATER. Mr. Compton.—OtTE AMERICAN 0008 IN. Ileum &Ahem. Bucksaw.* : Mrs. Young. lilaaollver.—CELOS TCALIA or Love and Jealousy. Farm Ns= and Same Karepa.—Asid THE CHRISTENING. PRI WCIN!eR, nos Evptpro, THE 0115.—FIND azirsir THE EIGHTH. Messrs (Mules Kean. Jordon. AMU , , Raymond, J. F . Nth.% Everett, Gardeu, and Meadows : Mrs. t. 6a Kenn and Mimes Chatnnan.—AM THE TWO POETS. KKITANNIA. Tam tvEnnia, BARRINGTON, THE GENTLEMAN PIM POCKET.—Aroan Laren and Madame L. Haman—Memlng by Messrs. R. Sydney, J. (*deo, C. Woodman, and J. Ptompkm.— Aud THE COIdICAN BROTHER&—Commence at* ASTLXI"B. Tars MATEPPA.—AIter which WEISE TEI C!RCL& 31dIle. IllasottL—To cowhide with a mole BALLET In which the Mims Gunniu will appear. —Coalisisoe at 7. HIGH WATIR AT LONDON 6RIDGZ. IV. wT -Ma n tas. 3h. 40tik...7.74/3;ZZZ - 40. To4hasioW—Maralas, 4h. Dra.....Altlemeas. 4h. 361 a. LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 28. . THE rapidly increasing distress in the cotton districts is a social problem that pre-eminently re quires to be dealt with in the most practical and businesslike manner, as well as in the most con siderate and generous spirit. Already it is quite clear that its vast proportions and peculiar features will tax to the uttermost all the resources not only of local liberality to supply the necessary relief funds, but of local organization and capacity to superintend their wise and equitable distribution. The more widely the suffering extends the more necessary does it become to keep clearly in view the main object& to be aimed at in the means adopted for its temporary relief. It is not by any means enough that the mill hands should be kept during the winter mouths from actual starvation, though that is of course a primary necessity. These skilled, industrious, and intelligent artisans are, both in a moral and material point of view, of almost incalculable value to the nation. In this latter respect alone, as a wealth-producing power, every class in the country is more or less interested in their welfare. But while the continued existence and unimpaired efficiency of this large body of skilled workmen is to some extent an object of national concern, it is of course a primary neces sity for the manufacturing districts themselves. These men are absolutely indispensable to the prosperity of Lancashire. They are the vital factors in the production of the millowners' and manufacturers' wealth, and these classes are there fore directly concerned not only in maintaining the factory hands above starvation point, but in keeping them as much as possible together, and administering relief in a form least likely to impair the moral and social qualities which render them so valuable as workmen. In other words , the guiding principles of local relief should be to avoid subjecting the recipients of it to unnecessary hardships or injurious exposure, to prevent the formation of vagrant habits, and to maintain, as far as possible, the feeling of self-respect and noble spirit of endurance which are the striking moral characteristics of this suffering class. In the measures hitherto adopted these objects appear, in some cases at least, to have been hardly sufficiently kept in view. What is called the "labour test" has been indiscriminately applied, under conditions of needless hardship or degra dation. The main grounds of complaint were stated at Manchester by the men themselves. After the meeting of the Central Relief Committee, a deputation of operatives bad an interview with theldembers for South Lancashire, for the purpose of submitting to them the objections that had been felt, not to the " labour teat" in itself, but to certain irritating and degrading forms of it. A common form of this test at Preston and elsewhere is the stone-yard, where the supple-fingered ope rative, accustomed to work in an atmosphere of 80 degrees of heat, has to break a ton of stone for a shilling. At Preston the mill hands are more over employed in levelling a moor and drain ing a marsh, to which, however, as mere work, there seems to be no very strong objection as long as the fine weather lasts. But in all these em ployments they are associated with gangsof regular paupers, and this is very justly made a special ground of complaint by the factory hands. They also complain that the labour is in many cases un productive, whereas they wish to earn the money they receive. The spokesman of the Manchester . deputation summed up the present and prospec tive grounds of objection against labour of this sort :—" In the coming wet and cold months of " winter, if they had to work unprotected from " the keen and bitter blasts, their health and con " atitution must break down. The operatives did " not object to work, but they objected to " employment which would jeopardize their health " and lives, and which placed them on a level with " self-maile paupers. They also wished to be kept " apart from the contaminating and demoralising " influence of self-made paupers—people who " would not work, if they could help " it, at any employment. What they " wanted was that they should not have " unsuitable labour, that they should be " protected from the weather, that they should " not be employed upon unproductive labour, and " that they should not be forced into the society " of regular paupers. They wanted work suitable " to the strength and habits of the operatives. " They wished through their representatives and " public opinion to obtain these concessions, in " order that when trade revived they might re " sume their old occupations without a sense of " degradation, untainted and uncontaminated by "the example of ordinary paupers, and " with a reasonable chance of health." This is a just and reasonable plea, temperately urged, and it will no doubt have its effect. So far as the association with the pauper gangs is concerned, that evil might be put a stop to at once, as it ought to be. But the real diffi culty with regard to the labour test is, of course, to find any suitable work for these skilled arti sans to do. With regard to the younger work people, the boys and girls, the problem is more easily solved by sending them to schooL In most of the suffering districts sewing classes have been opened for the girls and young women who are out of employment, and they are very numerously attended. The factory girls in these schools are usefully employed in making winter garments, which they will be allowed to purchase out of their earnings at coat price. At Wigan it has been suggested with regard to factory boys, "that all under the age of sixteen belonging "to families receiving relief from the Committee, "should be required to attend some school, the' "Committee paying the fee for instruction." To provide these youths with mental instead of manual work would undoubtedly be turning their enforced leisure to good account. The same plan might in many cases be adopted with regard to the adult recipients of charitable relief. Even nominal labour, such as has already been adopted in one or two cases, would be far better than work of an injurious, useless', or degrading kind. One firm, for example, lately employing two thousand hands, gives them, it is said, three days' wages a week, without any mill work being done at all. But for the sake of keeping them together, and to prevent the formation of idle, vagrant habits, they have issued an order for the workpeople to muster at the mills every day at a certain hour, and be kept there a short time to clean the machinery. This is a very simple and considerate plan, and there seems no reason why it should not be adopted in other cases. And certainly some modification of the ordinary pauper "labour test" ought to be adopted with regard to tho mill hands who may be com pelled to apply for parochial relief. That it is often applied in an unjust and irritating form is clear from the statement made by one of the speakers of the Manchester deputation :—" One " part of the present system was that the man " who received 3d. a day worked as long as the " one who got 9d. That morning he had seen " 60 men at work with only two barrows and six " spades, so that only eight could work at once. " If it were winter, the 52 idle lookers on would " starve to death, and nobody be the better for " such a test." It cannot be too often repeated that this is not a case of ordinary distreas, and that even in receiving parochial relief these indus trious artisans, who are destitute from no fault of their own, ought to be saved as much as possible from the degradation that is designedly inflicted on indolent and wilful pauperism. gbt Court. BALMORAL, AUGUST 26. Her Majesty, with the Princess Helena, drove in the neighbourhood el the Castle, attended by the Hoo. Ida. Bruce. Viscount and Visoonstela Palmerston left their residence in Piccadilly yesterday, for Melbourne Hall, Derbyshire. Deepatchte were received yesterday at the Colonial oflios, from the Governors of Ceylon, Hoag Kong, Malta, and Lama. The Duchess Dowager of Buckingham has arrived at Brighton from Stowe. Buckinghamshire. The Marquis of Lansdowne will leave Lansdowne Haan to-day for Bowood. Lord and Lady Rendleshara have left Seamore place, Mayfair, for B.andleablua Hall, Suffolk. Lord and Lady Templemore will leave town in a few days for their seat, Dunbrody Park. county Wexford. Lay Kathleen Tighe gave birth to a eon at her residence in Upper Brook-street on Sunday last. The Right Hon. W. F. Cowper, M. P., and Mrs. Cowper will leave Carson-street on Friday, oa a continental toar. Since his arrival in Gleneak—where he is the guest of the Earl of /Dalhousie at invermark—the Duke of Cambridge has had excellent weather. He was out on Saturday and shot 24 brace of grouse, 2 snipes, and 3 hares. One of the birds did not rise well, or was brought down by the duke before it got fairly up, for in shooting it a hare crossed the line of fire, and was rolled over and killed Ly the contents of the lame barreL Hie royal highness attended divine service in the Scottish Episcopal Chapel at Tarfaide on Sunday forenoon. Yesterday the marriage of Viscount Hohnesdale, 11. P., eldest son of the Earl Amherst, and Lady Julia Mann Cornwallis, only child of James, fifth Earl Corn wallis, and heiress of Linton-place, was celebrated at the village of Linton, near Maidstone. THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, AUGUST 28, 1862. THE INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. Although there were large excursion trains up yesterday, both by the Great Western and Midland Railways, the attendance at five o'clock had not reached 50,000, including both the regular season and the seven-day ticket holders. This does not look well ; but it is owing to the total absence of visitors from the North, which, under any circum stances, cannot be expected until a more advanced period of the year. Next week a festival, called Preston Guild," which occurs only once in twenty years, will be held in Preston, and until that is over no Lancashire people, however well off, will think of coming to London. The local preparations are immense, and excursion trains will be busy all the week pouring the inhabitants of the whole of the northern district into Preston. We mention this ,fact as a strong reason for giving the working classes a somewhat longer day for the purpose of seeing their Exhibition. . . . We believe that after all the Exhibition visitors are not to lose their favourite red omnibuses. The whole conoern, including twenty omnibuses and 250 horses, has, we understand, been purchased by the General Omnibus Company, but it is their inten tion to continue them running, as at present, until the close of the Exhibition ' when they will be in corporated in their general arrangements. The following were the schools, &c., visiting the Exhibition yesterday :--Satfron Waldo!' National School, 50, expenses paid by subscription •, Maryle bone Training School, 31, expenses paid by com mittee ; Stoke Newington School, 38, expenses paid by committee ; Biggleawade Mead House ditto, 14, expenses paid by Messrs. Conquest ; Highbury, Christ Church ditto, 80, expenses paid by Rev. Mr. M'Alpin ; Farringdon-street British ditto, 11, ex paid by committee ; Parishioners of Pilton, e-ie Rutlandshire, e 22, expenses paid by Rev. J. B. Brown ; Westminster Wesleyan Training College, 40, expenses paid by Mr. J. R. Kay ; St. George's East, St. Stephen's Home, 13, expenses paid by Sisters of Mercy ; Thames arine Officers' Training Ship Worcester, 24, expenses paid by committee ; f e m a l es from Peckham Lunatic Asylum, 26, expenses paid by Dr. Armstrong. The highest tem per ature yesterday, as shown by Negretti and Zambra's patent thermometers, was :—ln the nave, 68.3 deg. ; in the galleries, 71.0 deg. ;in the western annexe, 78.1 dug. The read ing was taken at 4 o'clock p.m. The following were the total numbers admitted yesterday, compared with the corresponding day in 1861: Wednesday, Aug. 27 Season tickets 3,950 1 Tess Shilling season Whets 1. Payment and day tickets 48,158 Total 62,896 Wednesday. Aug. 27 Tliensan tickets i Fa/ImM Total 29,228 The London and North Western Railway Com pany are new prepared to make arrangements for the con veyance of bodies of workmen, with their wives and fami lies, in numbers of not less than 250, to London and back, in covered carriages, by special trains, at the following fares :—From Liverpool, Manchester, Warrington, Chester, Birkenhead, Ashton, Oldham, Btaleybridge, Guide Bridge, Huddersfield, Preston, Bohai, and Wigan, for parties of not less than 230, tie. ; ditto, for parties of not less than 300, ss. We believe the question of opening the Horticul tural Gardens during one or two days a week to visitors from the Exhibition for the sum of 3d. is now under the coosideration of the council of the society, and is likely to result in this boon being granted to shilling visitors. Those who now eater the gardens have the privilege of returning to the building without repayment for admisake. CRYNTAL PALACL —GRLLT POULTRY SHOW. —ONE MULLING DAT. —WEDNESDAY, AUGUR? 27.—Admissions on payment, 13,493 ; ditto by 'seem Skikda, 1,133; total, 14,676. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. (1117T11 . 8 TELIGIULDIL) AMERICA. NEW YORK, Ammer 16, Mounia. (Per Bohemia, vid Quebec mad LandoOdom.) General M'Clellan's army is supposed to have retired from Harrison's Landing down the Pe ninsula, one portion by land rid Williamsburg, land another portion in transports down the James River. Both routes of retreat were I liable to an attack from the Confederates, but it is repo rted that the movement has been success fully performed. It is not definitely known when General M'Clellan's army will operate. General Jackson has safely crossed the Rapidan, and is south-west of Gordonsville with 60,000 men. The high waters of the Rapidan have delayed the Federal forces, but they are reported to be steadily advancing. General Pope's official report of the battle at Cedar Mountain states that the loss of the Fede ral" was 1,500 killed, wounded, and missing, 300 of whom were taken prisoners. Federal General Prince was captured by the Confederates. Con federate General Winds was killed. The Southern journals claim the victory at Cedar Mountain, and state that thirty commissioned officers of General Pope's army have arrived at Richmond, where they would be imprisoned and finally punished as felons until the Federal govern ment should cease the war policy inaugurated by General Pope. General Pope has issued an order, stating that his proclamation directing the army to subsist on the country has been abused by officers and men, and forbidding all to molest or disturb the property of citizens. Acts of pillage and outrage will be punished. Confederate General Lee has addressed a letter to General Halleck, threatening retaliatory measures for General Pope's order. General Halleck answered that as the letter was couched in a tone insulting to the Federal govern ment he should not reply. General Fremont has again been appointed to command the first army, under General Pope. It is reported from Memphis that a battle oc cured on the 7th instant at Tazewell, near Cumber" land Gap, in which 3,000 Federals surrendered' that the Confederates were again in possession of East Tennessee, and that Generals Beauregard and Bragg were at Chatanoga with 70,000 men. A semi-official Washington despatch declares the report to be totally untrue, and says that no fight took place at Tazewell, except on the 9th, when the Confederates were repulsed with heavy lose. The Memphis report is discredited. It is again reported from the South that the Con federates have captured Baton Rouge, with four Federal regiments, and have sunk two Federal gun boats. Official orders have been issued for formally commencing the draft of 300,000 men on the let of September, and also the additional special draft to fill up all the old regiments not filled by that date. Recruiting has much improved, but the drafting excitement continues. Foreigners who hare de clared their intention to become citizens are not allowed to leave the country. Numerous emigrants enlist on landing. The Governor of Massachusetts has ordered the enrolment of coloured citizens among those subject to the draft. The municipality of New York has appropriated 1,000,000 dole, for the defence of the harbour by gunboats and rams. Three hundred houses in Memphis have been seized under the Confiscation Act. General Butler has ordered a forced contribution of 330,000 dollars from the banks, cotton brokers, and merchants of New Orleans for the support of the poor. The assessments are made in proportion to the sum subscribed by the merchants for the defence of New Orleans against the Federal govern ment. The forced contributions from each firm varies from 85,000 dollars to 6 dollars, nearly 200 firms are assessed. A collision has occurred on the Potomac between two transports. Eighty sick soldiers were drowned. Mr. Cassius K Clay has made a speech M Wash ington, devoted to abuse of the English parliament, press, and people, and laudatory of France and Russia. England, he said, is the most unfriendly nation upon the earth. Her conduct on the slavery ques tion was hellishly damnable hypocrisy. She was looking for America's dowufal, but France pro tected America. He would not desist speaking against England. When England threatened the national existence, Napoleon was the firm and fixed friend of America. Therefore let America appeal to France, not to stand by and let the American Re public be destroyed by England. Russia was a strong ally of America. He was surprised and struck with admiration at the condition of the Russian people, for England had so misrepresented them. The Russian royal family is the moat lively, intel ligent, and virtuous family that ever occupied a throne. LATEST BY TELEGRAPH TO FATHER POINT. NEW YORK, Auoust 16, Evzsuic. General Burnside's force has arrived at Culpepper. The Governor of Kentucky, in his message to the Legislature, recommends the adoption of the Crit tenden resolution as a standing proposition for peace and the settlement of the war. The Anglo-Saxon was intercepted off Cape Race to-day. The City of Manchester, sailing to-day, takes out 200,000 dole. in specie. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, AuGuar 16, Evonso. Money abundant. Gold - advancing ; 151 per cent. premium. Exchange quiet. Baukere' bills 127. Stocksdull. New York Centre% 93t1 ; Illinoie, 62 ; Erie, 37g. Cotton . declining. Middling Upland, 47c. Flour quiet and unchanged. Wheat in good de mand for export. Corn steady. Coffee and sugar firm. ITALY. CONFLICT BETWEEN THE GARIBALDIANS AND THE KING'S TROOPS. NAPLES, Auotrerr 27. Yesterday a conflict took place between the Garibaldians and a reconnoitring corps of royal troops sent from Reggio. ' Another conflict occurred also to-day. Forty two Garibaldiana were taken prisoners, among whom were Major Merighi and some other officers. Several Garibaldiane were wounded. The royal troops had three wounded. Deputies lifordini and Fabrizi, who arrived here yesterday, were arrested to-day. Calachio, • Bourbon p•rtiun, has also been arrested. THE FRENCH FLEET ORDERED TO NAPLES. PARIS, AUG iaerr VA The Mositeur of this morning announces that the squadron of evolution has received orders to proceed to the Bay of Naples. THE WEST INDIA AND PACIFIC MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, Awn? SA The Royal Mail steamship Shannon, with the above mails, has arrived. She brings 121 passengers, 1,308,108 dole. in specie, and 1,178 packages of cargo. The Shannon left St. Thomas on the 13th inst. On the 22nd she spoke the British ship Cora, and on the 27th the ship Manchester. The Pacific Navigation Company's steamer Lima was totally lost on the 11th ult. on a reef of rocks off the Lagarto Island, south of Cobija. The mails, passengers, and treasure were saved and re moved to a small island about one mile from jhe wreck, from which all were taken four days after by the American ship Moonlight. The Peruvian Congress assembled on the 27th. Dr. Caspio was chosen preaident. Public attention was much occupied in preparing for the celebration of the national independence. Exchange at Lima, 40 to 41. In the South Pacific the demand for copper ore and regulus was active. Considerable sales had been effected. Prices for ores, lee. ed. to 17s. The guano market was quiet without change in price. At Valparaiso, exchange on London, 45 to 45/ on Paris, 4.75. Bar silver, 10.44 dole. At Demerara the weather was fine, but business dull. The British Guiana Bank had declared a dividend of 4 per cent, for the half-year. At Barbadoes the weather was fine, and the crops were thriving. The import market was heavy, and prices unaltered. Provisions dull. Exchange on London, 90 days, 497 i dole. At Hayti everything was quiet, and business improving. At Jamaica, the cotton-growing movement was progressing. Prioes of breadstuffs high. The new crop of coffee was appearing at the market, and sales were effected at 50s. to 645. Freights, no de mand. Pimento held at 2d. Sugar ranged from He. to 20a. Exchange, 90 days, 1 per cent. prem. THE FRENCH IN MEXICO. OW MILT= AND MERNATIONAL TZLZONAPS.) MOM OUR OWN COARKAPONDINT.) SOUTHAMPTON, THUIADAT. The Shannon has arrived with the West India Mails. The French are still at Orizaba waiting for rein forcements. They admit that they were misled when they first entered Mexico, but they do not doubt of their ultimate triumph. The West Indies are sickly, especially Havanna. At that port there are several shipe lyingfwith all the crews sick or dead. The disturbed state of Mexico prevented specie from being brought down to the sea coast. STATE OF AFFAIRS AT ROME. A letter from Rome of the 21st inst. says : Yesterday, about 2 o'clock, the Marquis de Lava'Ate, ambassador of France to the Hely See, and General Monte bello, commanding the corps of occupation at Rome, were received by the Pope at • private audience, which did not last lase than three hours. This long conferen.m is to-day the subject of general converse tion. There is in reality something unusual in this united visit of the ambassador and the general-in-chief, and one can comprehend without difficulty the inquietude of the Romans in reference to it. However, if I am well informed, this double visit, in spite of appearances, had no official character. I understand from this that our ambas sador was not charged with any special communication for the poetifloal government ; quite the contrary—it was the Pope who summoned at once M. de Lavalette and General Montebello in order to converse with them on the present state of affairs. The Pope in this audience dwelt for a long time on his grievances against the " Piedmontese" government, and against the revolution. He also drew • sombre picture of his personal position, observing that it was not even possible for him to make • short journey from Rome during this hot season for pure air, so necessary to his health. His Holiness, who we know is the most excitable of Christians, spent nearly an hour in these recriminations ; after which he demanded of M. de Lavalette and General Montebello what measures they were ordered to take under the circumstances. M. de Levalette reassured the Pope by telling him that the Emperoe, who re-established order at Rome in 1849, would not allow it to be troubled in 1862 ; and th►t moreover at Rome itself there was nothing to cause anxiety. General Montebello declared that he should maintain tranquillity at Rome. If Garibaldi crossed the continent and approached from Naples, they would, he said, have in a few days • sufficient force to oc cupy the met of the States of the Holy See, and repel all invasion. Cardinal A•tunelli, who was present during a part of the time, dwelt more particularly on the measures necessary at Rome itself, proposing the state of siege. Such was the general character of this conference, which, it will be seen, produced no serious result, The following address of the Roman National Committee has been circulated in the city : Romans! the King of Italy has spoken. He lies asserted his right to demand of Europe full justice for the nation. He has promised that when the hour for the accomplishment of the great work shall have astived his voice shall again be heard among us. Let us trust to his word. When the first soldier of Italy speaks of delay we must believe in the neomsity of it ; but it will be short sod the last. Romans! Venice and Rome have bad to endure a longer and harder trial of misfortune than any other Italian towns, but this has not subdued your courage ; it has strengthened in you the manly resolution to persevere in your purpose, a resolution which decided the greatness of your forefathers, the proofs of which to Europe are the thousands of our brothers who, whether in exile or in prison, have long paid the tribute of affection to Italy. Proofs, too, are the ad dresses which you signed a year ago, in spite of sacerdotal threats and anger, in which you boldly affirmed your rights to your King, and to the Emperor of the French ; proofs, too, are the 500 families who since that time have suffered violent perquisitione, or have seen their dear ones imprisoned or exiled, as too, lastly, are the hundred demonstrations which you have made, especially those during the Carnival, which compelled the Minister Billault tosolemnly confess in the Sen►te that the Romans had said enough, and that the day on which the French army I should leave Rome a bloody insurrection would restore it to Italy. Strong in the rights of the nation and in the facts which attest to the world what is the force which prevents you irons exercising your rights, the King of Italy will ari -1 peal to Europe for justice. We believe that he will be heard ; but should it not be so, you willbave exhaustedall the proofs of civil wisdom that could be expected from a people, in order to chow that they are worthy of their high destinies. Who will then dare accuse Italy and you of imprudence if you take the advice dictated by your desperate condition, sod imposed on us by our resolute forbearance? Romans !—We need not tell you be ready ; we know that you are always ready. We tell you once more restrain yet a short time longer your just anger and your reasonable in dignation. Show the world yet again that you can govern yourselves. We repeat it ; we believe that the hour of justice is near at hand, but if the voice of the King shall tell you that he is unable to obtain it, you will show to Europe that the Roman people are worthy of being the people of the capital of Italy. You will prove once more that as you have been able to practise the wisdom of Fabius, it is easier for you to remember th►t you have in your veins the blood of Decius and Camillus. Italy for ever ! Long live Victor Emmanuel ! Rome, August 11. Tee NATIONAL CONXITTEZ. The Tempe of to-day gives credit to a report of an approaching departure of fresh troops from France for the Pontifical States. It states that a marshal will be sent to Rome to centralise the troops there and those which are about to be de spatched. The latter are to be taken from the camp at Chalons, whence they will proceed rapidly to Lyons, and thence to Toulon, to embark in the squadron of M. Rigault de Gesiouilly. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (room oua owl col PARIS, WED/MEDAN EVENING. It is satisfactory to have to record the very smallest triumph of the cause of hberalism under this government. M. Ravin, the well-known pro prietor of the democratic qiiele, was last year a candidate for the Council-General of La Manche. He bad received from the government a promise that it would remain neutral in the election. This promise was grossly violated by the pre fect, and the consequence was that M. Havin loot his election. The Council of State having annulled the election, another contest hes just taken place. This time faith was kept by the government. The electors were not tampered with, and the necessary consequence is the election of M. Havin by the triumphant majority of 1,013. To judge from the dismay of the clerical party in Normandy, here is a formidable foe admitted into the citadel. The France has a stupendously heavy article upon the relations between England and France. Although their mutual interests bind them together in the main, yet " conflicts on grave questions may change or suspend their ami cable relations, and may even bring about a situation of hostility. But as this situa tion of hostility could only arise from accidental causes, it could not possess the elements of long continuation." Lord Palmerston's allusion to the possibility of an invasion by 100,000 men, who might cross the Channel in a night, " has for its object to keep up suspicion and disquietude with regard to us ;" and much more in the same strain. The France is certainly hoisting clerical colours. The Patrie says General Revel will probably be the first to fall in with Garibaldi, and regrets it should not be Cialdini. Among other alarming reports to-day, we are told that it is in tended to form a camp, with part of the troops now at Chalons, near the Italian frontier. The Petrie denies that any alteration has been made as to the troops destined for Mexico in consequence of the threatening aspect of affairs in Italy. A letter from Turin mentions that thirty-four officers bad arrived at Genoa from Sicily in the character of deserters, who had re signed their commissions rather than act against Garibaldi. They are to be tried by a council of war. Twenty-four of them had formerly served under Garibaldi. It was announced at the telegraph-office in the Place de la Bourse that "the private service of despatches for South Italy and Sicily is suspended till further orders." As mayeasily be imagined, the Bourse was greatly excited to-day. Italian Bente fell from 69fr. 40c. cash and 69fr. 550. account, at which prices it opened, to 68fr. 40c. cash, and 68fr. 30c. account, being a fall of 1 fr. and lfr. 25c. respectively. French Rente also experienced the heavy fall of 75c. cash and 60c. account, leaving off at 67fr. 85c., and 68fr. re spectively. SPAIN. The Correspondencia of Madrid of the 22nd states that the government has received from Paris a communication which gives good reason to hope for the restoration of a cordial understanding between France and Spain. The former seems anxious to place relations on a friendly footing, and to avoid everything likely to produce coolness between them. The Diario Eepanol says : We have received by post a printed appeal to the popula tion of Madrid to make a demonstration agaisat the govern- meet, on the ground that it seems disposed to S;scrifice Spanish to French interests. The document is couched in very violent terms, and its last sentence is, " Down with the French !" We mention this to show thtt the impru dence of certain journals has had its natural oonhequences. The Esperanto of Madrid of the 22nd says that the latest accounts from Mexico represent the con dition of the country in a very gloomy light. It states that the Mexican conservatives and the re sident Spaniards have no hope of any improve ment except through the efforts of the French, and that they are extremely indignant at the line of conduct followed by Count de Reuse. GREECE. A communication from Athens of the 14th has the following : His Excellency the Honourable P. C. Scarlett arrived here some some days back, and has already presented his credentials to the King. M. Dragoumis who has been for some time past en disponibilile, a partisan of M. Marrows , dato, the well known philo•Aeglo, has been named Minister for Foreign Affairs. I am, however, sorry to say that the ministry in general continues to iospire no confidence ; in proof of which I may mention that dming the late sitting, M. Memnon', deputy of ..Egium, having violently attacked the Coloontroci ministry, saying that it was in every respect the worthy follower of the fallen Mianlis cabinet, • noisy discussion ensued, in consequence of the confusion arising from the members of the present ministry retaliating on their adversaries; so that M. Colocotrooi and his colleagues thought it prudent to cut short the uproar by leaving the Assembly in a body. Circumstances are looked for, but when can scarcely be foreseen, which will oblige the government to change its present policy. The court, persisting in its dangerous system, refuses to grant the general amnesty which is clamorously called for by the people. It is gene rally supposed that the government is not acting with sufficient vigour against the brigandage which desolates Thessaly, and in order to create a diversion in public opi nion, which is hostile to the present dynasty, makes indi rect overtures to the opposition party ; but this latter re ceives them with indifference, and thus, although the late events in Servile have made so impression upon the Hellen ists, the opposition party maintain a strict reserve. It is thought that the organising of the National Guard will only take place on paper. The treasury is reduced to the greatest penory, and the Minister ot Finance, M. Levides, being unable to face growing ernbarrsasments, has resigned his poet. M. Barbogli has been appointed as his anommor ; he is said to have more capacity ; but with empty coffers it will be of little service. WEATHER REPORT.-(THIS DAY.) THURSDAY, AUGUST 28. $ A.N. IL AL N. N. 0. L L 6. ——— NADIR 30.00 68 67 B. 2 6 4r 0.16 2 CDs 90.10 63 SS N.W. 3 7 c 2 9699 61 68 W. 1 9 o 1 613611106 83.11 68 112 W. 2 4 t 1 A.ansossail 30.11 63 51 N. 4 8 sr 0.12 s 18319841116..- 20.16 68 64 W. 1 1 b 2 Gummi T6LOITI6 - - - 6loweroWN 9016 68 66 N.N.W. b Lim, arra._ 10.16 166 66 N.N.W. 4r 0.20 LfroarOOL P 12116.081 30.16 66 64 21. Z. o essissmoi 60.20 68 OS N. C 11111017111 80.14 61 50 N.W. r Juan 30.14 61 56 N.N.I. o WIITIC•UTE 60R680011 30.10 61 116 NIL a Dorm 60.07 61 60 W.W.I. e L 06031 30.13 67 64 1. V6IBJOIII 80611110/0116111 30.11 68 66 B.W. e 9811111 . 30.10 IS 66 W. a 1191411014115 30.01 68 64 N.W. o 1 114026111 i. FILIDAT. N.W, and to SATURDAY. W. t. N. and E., vs- N. 8., variable, mode- rlAble, moderate, fine. Tate, generally fine. W. to N. and N.li. DALAID. AB next above. light to moderate, ge nerally line. Al next above. W. Cs:wrier. N.W to E moderate to fresh. N.W. to Nit., variabte, B.W.EMOLAND. As nest above, doe light to fresh. generally. N.W. to X, light to B.E. EXOLAND. N. to E. and to treats. fine. light to fresh. hoe. W. to N. and X, light X COMM Variable. light, gene to moderate, fine. rally tine. The Special Sunday Evening Services in West minter Abbey will terminate for the present year with the service of next Sunday, the 31st of this month. MUSIC. ROYAL ENOLLEH OPERA. Meyerbeer's Dinorah was given last Hight fir thoi rentree et Mlle. Parep and the drat appointees here at lisdease Lan Heater. Mille. Par pa's Dismal' may stand comparison, iii ewn excellence, with that el asy other representative the character. This accomplished great was is admirable Toro Lat night, and rug with that relined mid haired samara) whi h Ileyerbeer's music imperatively demander The shadow given with the utmost fluency of vocalization and brillimr. Illlseatice, was vehemently erred. 31dine. Laura Baxter made a most sumessful as the goatherd. Her rich mutralto voice mud u05ti....,4 style were admirably developed is the song io th, act, which was redemanded by aoclamatiou. Lunt Banter's reception was throughout entbusialti-, she will undoubtedly prove a valuable acquisiti.o company. Mr. Harrison as Cotentin, Mr. Saatkry as lied, suit Mts. Thirlwall as the first goathent, were, as ha former r e p f ,„ tatioas, adnemble in their respective parte, while dinate characters of the Hunter and the Rapti Cr.... eR. ineptly filled by Mr. IL Cord and Mr. St Albys. The orchestra, under the able conduct of Mr. Adi os , all that could be desired, and, in every respect, gives at the Royal Eaglish Opera, suffers no ilis.ivistei.. by comparison with say previous performance, sit& r I real or Italian. CRYSTAL PALACE. Yesterday the annual festival of the London, Tornrerein, or German Op:medic Bockty, was bald in the grounds at Sydeahein. This emaciation, although it Ms only jiiat completed the first year of its existence, has already attained to the dignity of as ofilabd organ—the Drutrk, Turner-end-Elitsger-Zeitureg. This is • bilingual public• tion, and it is " registered" in dee form " for transudation abroad." We cannot, perhaps, do better than transcribe the leading article of its sixth number, explainiag, as it does, the history and objects of thenemais : Thie systemcomprises fns exercise(without apperatu.), exercises with portable apparatus ( dumb-bells, weight., clubs), exercises on firsd . apperatits, and athletic sport. cad games.. Rennin, leaping, climbing, ,evelin-throwing, balenong, wrestlitig—a are duly j mewed. By some per. sone, the exercises on the parallel mil the horizontal tam have been objected to as dangerous and uaeless. These ob jections, however, are not valid. Married ou according to the regulations laid down, progressing from the easy to the more difficult, there is no danger, whilst the muscular strength and eelfeonfidence of the " turner" are considerably in. creased. The acquisition of superior dexterity in performing these exercises, however, ought not to be looked upon se the aim and object of amnesties. For a time, German governments looked with disfavour upon gymnastic eccie. ties : but that time is past. In most schools, gymnanies form now • regular branch of instruction, and gymnastic societies have become a pivular institution of the lard. There is not • town, soared) • village, without its gymna sium (templets), enppectai by voluntary contributions, and offering facilities to young sad old to cultivate their physical powers. Gym/melted festivals are held eneuelly all over the country. The towns selected feel honoured by the preference accorded them ; they ornament their homes with flags and festoons ; "Tuners" from other plsces are received as welcome guests ; and young ladies crown with ask-wreaths those who have excelled la mealy exanieee. The GOIIOII3II le London, in emulation of their atuehyeisa at home, bare also founded • pmeastie eoelety , mustily swam* its members many Englislumes. Wan eat the many volunteer corm existing all over the oniatry lone the nuclei of gymnastic societies? Gyesamties. curried as to the spirit which has rendered them papaw is Germany, might induce many volunteers to joie, end would near them all the more fit, when called upon, to defied their native country. Yesterday afternoon at half-pert two the society mastered in force on the rifle ground, and were Warmed by Mr. Raveustein, the president, who congratulated them on the progress which they had made in so short a time, the num ber of members already exceeding the hundred. A German song was then sung in full chorus, after which Mr. Winter, the kneipwsrt, or president of • convivial dab oceeseted with the venni, presented a handsomely embroidered 6g to Mr. Schweizer, the turnwourt, or maskeof the games,wboneived it in an appropriate speech YU behalf of tfr aodety. The Gag emulated of the German colours charged with the motto of the Turners, "Gut hell," over which thorns is • Maltese cross surrounded by four F's, for " Frisch. Fromm, Frohlich, Fret"—("brisk, good, cheerful. and free). The whole is surrounded by the bird of Minerva. On the other side it of the Beg the inscription, " Deutsche' Toroverein Loudon, ffeffrunder. Aug., leAil," within a garland of oak leaver. The whole of the work has been beautifully see elated in Germany, and it has cost 3W. The expense has been defrayed by the Kneipe, ie which it appears there is a laudable custom of instantly fining the perpetrator of bad joke. The afternoon was spent in gymnastic exercises of an almort inconceivable variety. The feats performed by Mr. Schweizer and by many of the members were nosily quite astonishing, and afforded a striking testimony to the efficiency of the German system. The sports were thecloded by the died. bution of a number of prizes by Mr. Heintzmann, who was assisted by several young ladies. These latter, follow* the precedent of the ancient tourneys, buckled their own fair hands elegantly ornamented belts round the waists of those who had shown Nana. dinary powers or skill. The prizemen werF- Messrs. Hannsteio, of OINKS ; Zerstgraf, of Giese= • Garman, of Zeldkirch ; Csuigher, of r te ; Yntamels! barb, of Leipzig; Ketch, of Fehrbellin • ltuueck , of Trees; ' Geisow of Frankfort ; Johnson, of asdon • Schmidt, of Chat ; Nettke, of Konigsberg ; Weiss, of S olothurn ; Ns/ Rube, of Frankfort. In the evening a large number of the society dined at Seyd's Hotel, in Finsbury-square. Mr. Heintzmaon spin presided, and a number of toasts breathing the most local sentiments towards Fatherland, its English ally, and the cause of manly games, were most enthusiastically honoured. COTTON SUPPLY. A meeting was held at Manchester yestenlay to receive a deputatioa from London of gentlemen interested in the formation of the Western Australian Cotton Com pany (limited). to explain sod to give information as to its position and prospects. Mr. I'. Woo woe called upon to preside, and be said he did so with great pleasure, because, having taken a part in endeavouring to procure cotton from Africa sad the Medi terranean, and especially from Africa, it had seemed to be thought he could see no other source of supply. The fact was, he welcomed any ettempt to get °mho*, tari matter where. He thought it was tame every one should tate part in this movement ; and he thought say sea at who had 5001. to spars, or eves 100(. or 50/., world do coal to invest it in schenne of this kind ; sod as shares in this company were only 6/. each, he could well do that even with morelimited mama. He could not my muck of his own knowledge of Western Australia, but be weld my that the cotton grows there which he had sees was the best cotton be had ever known. (Hear, hear.) He held some in his Mood, and his impreation was that it was worth 3s. 6d. per lb. He had been engaged actively La promo the growth of cotton forth. last twelve years, 'ad bad had to dip his hand deep into his pocket. Still be had hope. that lie should see his money back spin, and perhaps with awe interest. He was satisfied that he had helped to lay the foundation of a lasting trade with the West Comet of in cotton, having invested jointly with a friend about 7,0001. in the enterprise. He bad also engaged in throe schemes for procuring cotton from India, beades two others, and promised to join a cotton procuring compeay. He did not say this in the way of boast, because he held it a natter of duty. He thought it nonseme to my that bemuse men were cotton spinners they should not endeavour to promote the cultivation of cotton, especay if they did not wish to see their workpeople depeodest es charity. Mr. Roan Manua, a member ef the Council of led* spoke of the deep sympathy d all chases throughout the country in the preeentsuffettegs of Lancashire, sod described at carne length the suitability of the soil and climate of Western Australia for cotton grown*. It had also the ad vantage of being sear two pest labour markets—them of India and China, being only twelve days distant from Cey lon by steam, ten from Singapore, and 21 from China. lie pointed to the great good that had been done in the l eaning Mauritius from poverty by coolie labour, sod said that the coolies returoing theses to India often had been fount to have amassed considerable savings. An that Waters Australia wanted was the fostering help which such core papist as this could give, much as the government of lotha gave help in developing the tea trade in India, hawing them selves started its cultivation said afterwards turned oyer the enterprise to the Assam Tea Company, which was now a thriving and prosperous undertaking, making a return of ten per cent. Mr. woaRALL, the Mayor of Salford, moved that from the facts laid before the meeting it appeared that West. re Australia was a British colony eminently suitable to the growth of cotton. Mr. W. Mosaic seconded the resolution, and it was oir• ried unanimously. Mr. T. G. TAYLOR, of Loudon, moved that the Westers Australian Cotton Company was worthy of Om support of the meeting. Mr. Conacillor Runner seconded the reeoltitiou, which was carried. This concluded the business. Some working men were proemial, end two of them briefly addressed the meeting, under the ides that a cheaper acid inferior cotton was meetly wanted ; but the Chairman en planed tint while such cotton se could be grown is I oda and elsewhere was neomeary as the bulk of supply, emir. thelese there was much need for the kind now exhibited to the meeting. He also pointed out that it was to the interest of the working men, because while for every thou. sand pouods weight of =Moe spun 2IS individuals were em ployed, the same weight of India cotton would ooly give employment to five end a quarter. The meeting passed off wells