The Express. — London, England, 1859-02-14 00:00:00

gilt exvretlfs• TO CORRUPONDINTIL rhertlereseate WAWA hr . The I= 6o tr a dak ess. Zweetag Paper, area be et the Oahe, le, by Two o'Clact is Yr day el **lkeda. 01117: &re. OUR Gal. Wlllems.-IAMIT BARON. W. Manor SON MOOD ; cr. Mgr Nat wed dr Worry Many and DtwWl.Apwf Mier IL ; Dews. 10TAL IT OL OPHIA. 00711 T WWI& Tam t.m N. THZ 110.11 Of CAITILLZ. tbiszaWays. Rowe. OL zlhro iksetkara. aa I W Henleas Illmso Zed idioms tau staiva atom ram row aY irso ; Naha O. Yo/a, Mdrird.l. sad famzie—Omommiat T. NAT Tan trios . lINIQUANS Nora Bei= 6. C, Ma Omegas Ass La IL ~~o r ■ , t. Nalloris waft of No Wain Nom Z. CL Wks% sad kler We: NW Ws N. VIOL 11110M1. &MaHAULM Iltr. Churl= Ism —aal = 4talritZ, o=argaV C. Adam —Orman all LTOIOIII. Two i'Mll,O, XTRIOII el or Mourn Do. Moms. ion% erivirlieshelt. &ad tn. 11,00 m. Wm Z. llows.-421 or nor from 011011 0 TROT. Mi. lloofto MOS.- -4>onnoage oi T. two Immwlllll DAnati li Ctlis IMAM Kin Loa OneMed.-PRISON PItACOOK AID TIIII QumOr WIT! V. Jew Ude: Ma MAUL Oanis Illiehaw—Aad MAZY SLAY IL ZION WATER AT LONDON BRIDON. me Des—lllawm Ilk Ile a...----Albwkroa. Ilk 4 kli. Irwmare—laralak Mk 0......—....../Mosek OIL Slik LONDON, MONDAY, PEB. 14. THE NAVY ESTIMATES. Tag Navy Estimates for the year 185940 were Lead this morning. The net intlehle, as oompred with last year, is lees than a million ; it is 961,8101. The ant item in the votes is that of wages to seamen and marines. The sem required to be voted for this purpos,, for the year 18.59.60, is 2,487,0621., being an increase of 83,4631. over the vote for the last financial year. The neat item, viz., victuals for the foregoing, is 993,647 k, which iv a de erases of 31,7101. The Admiralty-Aloe requires 142,9571., or an Inman of 2,5181. For the Omit-Guard Service sad Royal Naval Comet Volun teers the sem required is 188,0371., beteg an in gress* of 7,46111. In the seised& breads the sem asked le 61,3884, wild is an increase of 7461. la the item " her Majoety's establishment, at home,* the increase is 1,4634 the sem required being 163,9991. Her Majesty's establishmiats abroad seek as increase of 8041., the rem being 16,0631. In " wages to artificers employed in her Majesty's establishments at home,* the ordinary estimate shows an lawmen of MOW., the total being 989,3231.1 het there la an extrsoedisary charge this year, is oseaszices with this Item, of 294,:071. Foe wages for artificers abroad, the sum required is 64,3301., or a &screen of 3411. For save! stores, &a., for the building sad I repair of Alps, the ordinary eetinsate gives sa cream of 94,4081., the total being 1,464,2401.1 het here again ea extreentiaary charge appears of 167,0001. 673,4961. is required far new work; faawevemsats, and repairs in the yards, B:e., being a diereses of 12,3641. The medicines and medical dens are the sew as last year—namely, 60,0001. The mis estimates, Novices show a decrease of 3,6224, the gm to be asked for being 67,9481. The total ram required be meet the expenses of the effective service fur the years 1850-60 is 6269,299 L The vote for the kat financial year was 7,106,1811., but the estimate this year, (it should be remembered, in cludes an extraordinary charge of 085,707/. This Is credited in the estimates as wanted " to Mid the extraordinary charges to be incurred during the year In consequence of the additional work to be under taken for the building and conversion of ships of war for the steam navy, and providing machinery for the same? The chirp for the non-effective service shows an increase of 19,1981., the total being 1,353,8821. The total reqaired to be voted for the naval service, iselading the non-effective items, is 9,613,1811. ; the last vote h►ring been 8,440,8711 For the army and ordnance department (cos 'space of troops) the um to be asked is 300,000 i., or a decrease of 210,3001. It is here that the great saving is effected. Had it not been for this, the estimates would have shown as increase of 186,6131. as compared with last year, apart from the new charm The grand total required to be voted for the service of the yeas 1859-60, is 9,40,1811.; the gross is• creams over the vote for the last financial year being 1,220,21;1.; bat from this must be deducted 2.58,4371., saving upon certain of Use items. The set iwereamt, after providing for the extraordi nary charges of 985,7071., is 961,81 W. The details of the extraordinary charge of 687,0004 required fir the so-called " reconstruction of the navy," aro given as follows :—" For the pur chase of timber, masts, deals, &a, 82,8001.; for the purchase of other storey, 17,2001.1 far the pareham and repair of steam malmsey, 3350001.; for ships to he built by contract, 252,000 V The other ex traordinary charge is for warm It will be distri buted thus :—For earnings for the established work men beyond day pay provided for by the ordinary animate, 131,:J51.; for wages of hired artificers, are., to be ecap10yed,165,972(. ; for additional pay of ofacers superintending shipwright labour, 1,0001. the total being 298,:071. The total nomber or officera, seamen, and boys to be Toted for the service of the year ie 47,400, and the number et marines, I,;,000. The estimate for the Post-office department (packet service) hells year 1839.60, separate fits the navy selimates, Int prepared by the naval department, i.991,696L, beiog an increase of 3,1061. over the Last vote for the Anaecil year 183&9. Perham/at will also be asked for the au of 133,143/. 89. W. required to defray the exams of the naval expenditure beyond the ordinary greats foe the year ended on tie 31.1 March, 1838. ilittierms seem disposed to play a somewhat &sweat game. They are beginning already to &Wes the confidence that has been generally ex tended to them. Having pined the tampeihry mansposent of the British Lion they wish to show how completely they are =Am of the eihmtka by taking liberties with the noble 'animal. Having called on the world to remark how docile and obedient, how prosperous and happy he is in their hands, they proceed to stir him up and pat him down. Finding that playful attendees provoke no hostile movement, they grow bolder la their familiar ities, and imagine they may safely emulate the Teah ouse of the keeper in the well known story, and put their head into his mouth. Every measure they now bring forward to delay the introduction of the promised Reform Bill must be looked upon as a feat of this description. Hitherto they have performed this perilous feat with success, though evidently not without a certain sense of insecurity. There is a haste and anxiety is their manner which betrays a latent conaciommem of danger. They _ serveraly watch the movements of the kingly animal, inquiring of each other, as the experiment is repeated, "la he wagging his tail ? " This is the vital question ; and hitherto they have comforted themselves with the flattering assurance that the tail is still, or at most only movm in playful gentle asse. The slight stir perceptible is a friendly sweep that would not harm may living seal, least of all a watchful and devoted keeper. In the spirit of friendly ma ths we say, however, decidedly, " take care." The experiment is a hasardoss one, and, if persisted la, the coma:lhp will inevitably ensue. The British Lieu, however noble and generous, is net to be insulted with impunity. If these annoyaseas cantinas, some early day, when it is least expected, them will be a ridden glare, an impatient lash, an angry mar, and the ad venturous keeper will fall a victim to his rashness end folly. The patience of the country will be at length exhausted, sad the Government that has abased it will inevitably be overthrown. It would be needier to recur to the subject if the Ministry bad dealt with the question of Reform in • frank and straightforward manner. Bat they have not done so. They have hitherto evaded it, and pramating on the patience and forbearance of the i country, are evidently bent on evading it still. Oa the opening night the CIAXCILLOR of the Exam- QUIZ stated that the Reform Bill would be brought forward as soon as the urgent business of the country had been attended to. Curiosity was naturally excited as to what the business could be that was mom argent than that of Parliamentary Reform. The mai& solution of the difficulty which the Goverment has given daring the last ten days la kr MOM simple than satindwasey. Anything is more urgent and important than Parliamentary Before. A Bill as abolish obseises sorriest. a Bill to re-model druggists' shops mad re-label their bottles, a Bill to seemed the Insoiresey Laws, a Bill to facilitate the ?resider et Landed Property—all these meet be in the eyes of the Granument mere largest and impeetent than Parliamentary Reform, fee they all take preesiieneketit. New, while some of th en mews are impartaat, nose of the. met all urgent. The really urgent esbjeele—these of Indian Finance, and the improvement of the Navy— ere still delayed. The former, indeed, MEM ou this evening, but it might have been brought forward • week ago. Bat the bare, which I. equally urger!, if not more so, is delayed till the mid et the mirth. Barely, if the business is so pressing, and se mask et equal importance remain, behind, Sir lon num- TON might arrange to make his statement est as earlier day than the 25th. Bet, in reality, it is im passible to mistake tactics of this kind. The objest is to evade the great difficulty of the swam by a Fabian policy of delay. No other enplaned= ef the conduct of the Government on this itaidisa is pot able. Mr. DISRAZII stated at the earmeesseset of Let swiss that it would be impossible to deal fairly with the sabjest makes the Bill were iatrodnesd early la the essies—early in February, indeed—se that its providess meld be fully dimmed beds* Babe. Yet new, when the faveesehle op portuaity for doing this offers, any expedient that eau be devised for preventing It is adopted with barefaced alacrity. Mr. Mese= indeed stye vaguely that he anticipates the state of pablie brines will enable him to introduce the Bill es an early day, adding with solemn irony that if It meets with the favourable reception he fondly looks forward to, he has reason to hope that the seeped reading may be taken before Easter. But the Go vernment has hitherto done everything in their power to prevent the realisation of this hope. They are ready to deal with all smaller questions, and aggravate all lesser difficulties, if they can but escape the cue great difficulty of Reform. It is no longer possible, however, to do this. The people are patient, but there is a limit to their en durance which no Government can safely transgress. And everything goes to prove that this limit ie now resteed. The question has been actively dimmed Iler tea Team, and wee ripe for legislation seven yews ago. Necessarily in abeyance during the Anoka War, it reappeared at the first prospect of Peace. The Indian Revolt occasioned another delay, rather, however, by abeorbing the time of Parliament than by diverting public attention Prom the subject. The feeling of the country en the subject has steadily increased daring these re posted postponements. If Lord PALMERSTON had weathered the storm raised by his Con spiree7 Bill, hie lukewarmaess on the question of Parliamentary Reform would have ensured his rain. This was not only notorious throughout the sonatry, but so strongly recognised by Lori Dash , OR taking office, that he felt bound, contrary to hie personal inclination, to accept the pledge of his re deemers on the subject. Bowing to the form of public opinion, as represented in the "pleasure of " Parliament," be undertook to deal with the sub ject without further delay. The reason he snag' no for this is both important in itself and specially worth recalling at the present moment. " In my " opinion," says the noble Papuan, " it is " highly inconvenient that, from session to " session, a question of this importance, and " of this interest, should be perpetually kept dam " gling before the Legislature, and that session after session it should be hung up till a future day." We believe that it is not only highly inconvenient, but absolutely impossible, it shoold now any longer be " hung up till a future day." The country is still patient because it relies on the promise of the Government. The time for the fulfilment of this is pro mise at length come. There is nothing to prevent the prompt introduction and ample discussion of the promised measure. If the Government resort to flimsy and vexatious pretexts for farther delay, it san no longer rely upon the forbearance of the people, and assuredly that forbearance will no longer be exercised. The storm is already gathering, and, should there be any further delay, it requires no great foresight to predict that it will burst forth. Meetings and petitions will multiply to remind the Government of the tenure on which it holds its lease of pewee. Liberal members in the House will become held, unanimous, and aggressive. The very weakness and vacillating' of the Government on such a vital quer des will give unity end strength to the Opposition. The Mialetry have already lest inflate ce in the Boom by their evasion' at this 'abject. They will lose still mon if they do not at once adopt a vigorous • and decided policy as this, the only quesdon of great and general importance widish is now before Parlia ment and the country. At the het general ideation a large majority of the mutat House gars solemn pledgee on this question, and altbsagh they have hitherto been rather careless u to the fulfilment of those pledges, the prospect of a dissolution will naturally quicken their memory, and augment their ssaL It is no use for the Government to think of escaping by delay. They have made the bed, and most lie in it. They have chosen their pert, and most act it out. No doubt it is a dis tasteful one. No one likes to be his own executioner; but they have elected themselves to this self-denying office. It is, perhaps, natural, as Lord Jona Russet'. suggested, that they should hesitate till the last moment to arrange the halter and fix the fatal knot. But their only chance of obtaining a reprieve from the country depends never theless on their doing this with frankness and despatch. THE FRENCH NAVY. -..-. Considerable interest having been excited, both in this country and ea the Continent, by the details we recently gave, relative to the materiel at the French Navy, we now propose to make a few observations upon its internal economy, which will be found to merit consideration, since it Is univer sally conceded that important changes me impera tively needed in our own Service. The French Marine comprises five distinct depart ments, the first includin only ofiicers of the Navy, properly so ,L celled; then nose Use Naval Engineers, ' Inspectors, and a Sanitary Board. T rans ! . WILLIAM and ALFRED PURNELL, CON ! v 111014011111111.1 awl Ilbealliskan, SO. Ourelhak I. Inaabla.omte. pors_ besi. Os 101 a PIOPIIISTOU gt mono IiUdIS an lass inf. ECOND•HAND PIANOFORTRIL-CRAIKILB, UAL& IN 1.1, Mae • Imp amino* ft Snare Merl Mr as use eulissai maim 0 froti• Must Prks•—sel. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 14, p 349. Ebt Court. WINDSOR CASTLE. F. 12. The Qum:, accompanied by the &ohms et Sutherland, drove out in a carriage and tow yeeterdety after noon, and visited the schools at Cumberland •lodeg Ia attendance were Lady Churchill, the Earl of Verniers, and the Equerries in Waiting. Is the evening the Boehm, of Hest (Sited with her Majesty (attended by Lady Fanny flowstd) ; the party mho included the following visitors staying in the Culls, end who ham left Modem to-dsy, vie., the Duchess of Sutherland Lord George Lasso; end Mr Mantillas sad the Hon. Lady Seymour. tbe bead of the Greedier Guide wan in attendance, and played dada( dinars dr ?ri teil* . aseres. irr Nejritje photo Mai idsriords reboot in the Dealeirresa =Dflitt. TIN Qom sad !Man Caron wand is the Aomi•-pinir this sander Primo Alice end Princess Helena roil, in the Mato/r -heum. The Dunbar of Heat dined with her Majesty (attended by Led, Peony Howard). Ilegor-Gen. the Hon.C. Grey had the honour of being Invited. The Had of the ted L Gouda wee in attendance, and piped daring dime? the 0 - minled lark "The Y. amnia ... ...... 10101 .• I 4•Xifr OVE•ftesy 1461 .. ....... .. ...... ...... ilesibms. Shelia ' . . Owl. LT;"lllamilbs• Asbr Mir Juid" .. .... : ......... ::::...... [ Wow. Her Mojaty's prints band affirmed' primula k the Dewing-nom the Owet.; - •.. VlkUpp • ........ Aabw. Lila4l.4 o.slisa. l EWL Ma* "NNW Pia. IL The Qom dad Nina Casson, Penner Alice, l'irtacese Rams, mad the Donne of !eat; the Ladies and Gentle• as. of the Cows, sad the Emma* boarthold attended Divine Banks tide morning in the private obsprl, wb lob was performed by the Ron. and vary Rev. the Dees of Windsor. A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday at the official residence of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, In Downing-street. The Ministers present were : —The Earl of Derby, the Right Hon. B. Disraeli, the Lord Chancellor, the Marcus of Salisbary, the Earl of Hardwick*, Mr. Secretary Walpole, the Earl of Maltneebury, Sir E. Bulwer Lytton, General Peel, Lord Stanley, Sir John Pakinn, the Right Hon. J. A. Henley, and Lord John -Manners. • Depotatice in favoor of the boll for tio. Yong Dot Livirpool, aid Livorpool Co on interview with the Itight i rorr T i f=ly o ßa ricat, ar day. at the Mee of the Boort el 'Trade; mei with the the Right Hoe. T. flotheron Petrone. M.P., at the Office of the Poor-law Dosed. intetvi•W WWI the Right H. I . Dais W. Healey, at Ilattudsy, ca the althjitot of the Liverpool Rating at RzTvilc 07 THE COURT TO BIICICINOBAX PA- Llol.—(Twis Dex.)—The Queen, Prince Comort, and royal claim arrived at Buckingham Pelson from Wind ow Castle, this afternoon, travelling to the metropolis by the Gnat Weston Railway. The royal cortege, on Leaving the railway, palled through Hyde-pork, end down Constitution-hill, escorted by a squadron of Light Cavalry, reschiug the Uses shortly beim three o'clock. Her Majesty le mooted h vidt the Hord Italian °pers. bones, Covent-garden, to vitalist the perfonnanos out the Leith Open cuminny, sad neural el the other thestme, daring the week. The mart will ham the metropolis, about the MA hudeut, ter • short sojourn at Oshonse, Llo ot wipe. Oa the octagon of the late interview of the Prima of Wskis with the Pope, hie Miners rose ow the miry et the gibes and, tom* forward to the door of the egerinesat to melt him, cmducted him to • seat, and sabred late ocssrsatioa with him is French. Colonel limos was the may Giber poems prirent. The interview was brief, mid &abed to campltmeatsry expressions and subjects el local rabid. Oa the prince's rising to take his tars, the Pope misdealt& Ides *gala to the door with the same warmth of mummy Mick be had manifested on mosivieg him. It is the intention of his royal \Seisms to visit the numerous mem bers of name sevmeiga fsmiliss of Europe now domiciled ha he Eternal City, before applying hinmelf atawllly to studies. A few days ago his royal highness wag to all up= the King of Prank, or rather upon the Owen, the slate of his Majesty's health maim It pineal for =roe to see him. The place has decked a *earl watt from the French Gerierel Gnat de Oeyos, who promised paying hie merest' to his royal highness at the bead of Ws stat-NoVor. neirgoillset habits of early blare, family dormice, and healthy essrefes mr meritoriously inclikstsd by Queen Wickets me Aridly followed by the mime mad his bagrasid. The Son. Camel Percy's smokes Imre boa acosptel by hie royal bier:less daring his stay to Boas. Hie Majesty's steamer Suryslus haying on board his Royal Higbano Prince Alfred, ha Malts harbour on the 3rd kola* for Css& sad Alezoodrio. The Doke of Leeds has arrived at the Clarendon, from Horeb, Carle. Catterick. Yorkshire. Viecounteas Palmerston had a reception on Satur day evening at Cambridge House, whirl% was attended by • asunereas:cirde of the corps chpionstsres and arisloaney. Lord and Lady Colchester entertained a select elide at dinner on Saturday ereafag at their remideaoe Berlieley-tqaana TheM;rehionees of Salisbury had an assembly on Senteudey evening, at the foinly mansion Is Arlington- Wee.. The Speaker gale his lint parliamentary dinner, os Batard.y eyelets, at his omen fieldmice la the New Palace of Westminster. The gamete eomprised the following:— The Chancellor of the Irehereer, Lad John Manners Lard Illsni•y, Lord Naas, Filament Newport, Loyd Chad Handlks, Col. Forester, Mr. Spencer Weir*, Sir Edward Salyer Lytton, General Peel, Sir J. Paktagton, Mr. H. L. Corr*, Mr. H. Fitzroy, Mr. J. W. Henley, Mr. &therm- Fatmort, Mr. C. B. Adderley, the Judge Adrocate-Goteral, Hr 8. Scythia*, 81r W. H. lonia, the Lend Advocate, the Attoyeay-(wend, the fieltallac-Genial, Mr. H. &ill*, Mr. 8. Fitzgerald, Mr. G. Hardy, Colonel Taylor, Mr. Whbrulre, Mr. IV. Knight, the Hon. G. Waldegrare, and the Rey. H. Diary. The manner in which the Commander-in-Chief in India met with his late mcident, is thus narrated :—" The moment our cavalry turned in the viler, the enemy per ' Miring their line of retreat was endangered, dashed off in two bodies through the dall Sold. At this moment Lord Clyde, galloping et full mewl to overtake en eager young officer who had gone off with the horse srtillery guar, came in.o broken roma ; his darner, a perfectly surefooted animal. fell and threw him with greet force. He sat up in a women', his het Will bleeding; he tried to mom his right arm, it wee powerless. His shoulder was delocated. For tunately, Mr. Mackinnon was Glom behind him. la a by moment*, &Mated by Dr. Gorden, who mme up a mement after the sendeut, be had reload the dislocation : bat the gsileat Aid was much shaken by the fall, though be at once gat up end walked towards the fton', flaking as if nothing lad bygone I." Ws (Ifolitalt;tryls Courant) understand that Lard Ktanaird has bee► admltei as a Fel'ow of the Geolog'eal Sori. tr. The Rev. Dr. Aniereon has had the same honour conferred on him, mid Sr Ro lariat Murchison on the OCCII• tics chancterised the reverend d *tor ma one of our leading &mown re is keit pdegr. _ _ Mr. J. A. Tamer, .P., has accepted the Invita tion to a above, t r bs Team to him ty ferule sad eap porte•e on Friday the 4.1 t of Much. The dinner will take place in the Prue-trade Hall, Munehee•er. At a general meeting of the member, of the Royal Scottish Academy of Pointing, Scnlptnre, and Architecture, the following Anenciates hive been e'ected t the rusk of Acsderakans, viz. :—Erekine Nina, By.; Gawky Steen, Seq., and Wilms Brodie, Req., sculptor. In the year ending the 31st December, 1858, the following burns were roan el by the sale 4 of old naval atoms —via., 12,4391. 11.. 7d. for old dereee's doable', merles more., tea; 103,0412. 11.. ed. for old deleallieg star; ff. 18.. ld. for dockyard brigade end polio* doable"; 49,9484 19e. 9d. for old naval stoma; 3,3271. 17.. ed. for old Alpe; 1711. la. dd. far old ord!col .tore.; 4,2311. 17.. 24. for old *seeped *tom, ad 6,7501. for ireesaport service seem ens. The first of these grades malts, of which than ans tun ohms. and onemoding through the sucoessire maks of Atidshipmes, Limbs naa t, Captain of frigate, Captain of liarrof-battle ship, Haar-Admiral and Vint-Admina,, sniminibm in that of Admiral. with naval The Eagleson are all obliged in the first instant* to pus through the ordeal of apprenticeship, after whisk they become snocessively sub-engineers of the third, second, and first climes, then engineers of the mooed and first clam, above whom the Dinner of Naval Construed°a and the lespeetor-Cieseral T y r lowest denomination in the Commismariat is the OMMIlli• (or clerk) ; above him in surimenion come the emistant-comenesery, the tindercamimuy, the ceemnissatre-aijoisr, the commlisary of the second and first claws respectively, and the Commissary-General. The Inspector-in-Chief is assisted in the discharge of his function' by inspectors, assistant and deputy inspectors. An Inspetce-General presides over the Board of Health, having wirier him a first physician, or a surgeon, or apothecary-in-chief, styled Professor," besides na or apothecaries of the first, second, and third c . Al , CenehAdniral ranks with a Field-Marshal a Vic► Admiral and an Inspector-General of Naval Engineers with& General of Division. A Rear•Ad lairsl is considered equal in rank to a Director of Naval Construction, to a Commissary-General, as Inspector in Chief (of the corps of Naval Inspectors), far to the head of the Board of Health. Osptains of line-of-battle ships, first-class en gingers, first-class commisearies, and first-slaw phy einem, re.=:: equality ; as are captains of fri. Wok commissaries, and physisisne s these last aa L la r Ming wondered upon a IF . with lientenantwienels. The comnsimaw•- atteeist, assistant-inspector, professor of medicine or of surgery, correspond to the chefs els balcialoii in the army. Lieutenanti of a line-of-liattle ship, sub engineers of the first and second classes, and sub inspectors of surgery, medicine, &c., are upon the hating of military captains; while midshipmen of line-of-battle ships, rub-engineers of the third class, assistant-commissaries, &e., are considered to be equal to lieutenants in Watley. Lastly, naval cadets, engineer apprentices, sad other inferior officen not alread specified, correspond is medal pentioa to second-1 te in the land foress. All the respdatlems respecting naval promotion were carefully revised last summer, and it Will be perceived from the few we shall presently select that they have evidently been well considered, and indicate the maintenance of salutary discipline. At any rate, the system as now constituted, is found to work well, and will in all probability serve to bring forward the most meritorious officers, while encou ragement is given in every way to those who mani fest especial qualifications and a well-directed seal for their profession. An aspirant to the rank of Lieutenant on board a frigate most either have served two years as a &M -elees cadet, or as an auxiliary lieutenant or chief muter; in the latter ease he must have passed a very severe examination in the theory of navigation, as well se is all matters connected with the practical working of a ship. Having obtained that commis sion, he mad peooeed to sum two years more on beard a ftiote before he ma be promoted to a line of-battle ship. After four years in the latter capa city be becomes eligible to be captain of a corvette. Four years' service as captain of a corvette qualifies him for the command of a frigate, bat two years most yet elapse before he can hope to be appointed to a line-of-battle ship. Rear-Admirals are eligible only from Captains of line-of-battle Mips of eight years standing, during four of which, at least, they mast have been actually afloat. Frees the time, therefore, that a Lieutenant has eliminated himself from the rudimentary stages of his profession until he reaches the dignity of Admiral, an interval of twenty years must have elapsed. A Rear-Admiral must have had the entire com mand of a squadron of not less au five wends be fore he can become Vice-Admiral. Half the appointments on board frigates and corvettes and two-thirds of those on board ships of the line are given according to seniority. The Emperor reserves to himself power (in war time) to abridge by one-half the different periods of service dell officers ' • but with that sole exception, no promotions what ever can take place out of the prescribed course, and no one under any einem stances can obtain au honorary appointment. In the various ships now in commission there are be tween 68,000 and 60,000 seamen contently em ployed afloat. A regular routine of exercise is observed on board every vessel, whether she be attached to a squadron of evolution or in harbour, and every exertion is made by the officers to have each date performed with the greatest smartnesal and precision. It is not an imolai performance, even on board a line-ofbattle ship that has not een more than six months in commission, to heave in 90 fathom of chain and make all sail, within fourteen minutes of the appearance, on board the flag-ship, of the signal to " weigh anchor." A topsail will be shifted by an expert crew in little more than seven minutes and a half, and a who's squadron have been known in a gale, with a heavy sea running, to strike topgallant masts in nine minutes. The Br stags*, not long ago, was observed to lower her three topsails, to take in a reef in each, and hoist them again, in rather less than two minutes and twenty-five seconds—a feat which probably the smartest ship's company in our own service would not readily surpass. Half a century ago the interior of a French man-of-war &Ended a very different aspect from what it now palmists. Everything that was worth adoption has bees scrupulously copied from English ships, at the same time that some few obvious improvements of verions kinds have been introdoced. The spirit of the nation has evidently bean roused; by indomit able energy and lavish expenditure they have created, almost from nothing, a stupendous navy; with untiring perseverance they are adding to it from day to day. We have already shown how, by means of the " Inscription," a certainty of obtaining any requisite supply of men can be ensured, and if ever the two greatest nations of the world should un happily be involved again in war, we shall find that, se far from tamely acknowledging our supremacy on the Ocean, France will be fully prepared to dispute it, and at all hazards to engage in a death-spun'''. Wire resigning her pretensions to the brilliant pile. site so ardently loop to clutch. t~ t~ NOMINATION OF CANDIDATES. rros ELECTION-(TBIS D 47.) This warning, $ 11 o'clock, the nomination of candidata for the seat vacated by Kr. Townsend, took place at the hustings email opposite St. Alpbene Chureb, Green wich. Long bellane the hoer named, in immense crowd bad assembled on the large spaced ground fronting the busting', and the scene presented was of a most minting deecrlp- tion—notwithsteadmi the compulsory abernos of music and colours. As usual, on inch occasions, the most discor dant uproar prevailed. _ . After the usual formalities by Mr. F. Chapman, returning alleer,_ Dr. Pokers, of Blackheath, proposed, and Mr. Loonier; TAYLOR, seconded Mr. Alderman Balomme an a dt and pope perms to represent the borough is parliament__ - 1 r. i3zigawitnir Cool, of Blseibestb, proposed William Asgerstsla, Sol. Mr. Jaz; laialm JOLLY, Of Woolwich, seconded the somforeloo. Alderman Bowsaws, whe was well received, raid he fully mdmitted that there might be wets advantages in having a local candidate, but another qualification required was that of erwrience. He had, whoa kennel, rammed, amid the flag of Greenwich to the floor of the House of Commow, and now he was enobted to take his nat He coofidently appealed to the electors to mimes the treatise they had made to rend him as their representative. ♦ noble lady hod mid to him, " Why do you go to Grosswiel again— they have bested you like a dog r' His reply was he would thin grove that he we. faithful am ► dog. (Loud eases.) He felt certain they would sot kick boa out at the poll* booth. (" No, no," sad "Yes.") Alderman &lemons then referrod to his past assures, and =pressed his firm opinion that he should be returned by a large m►jority, and if so, he would net only look after disk local Interests, but supper those groat mewing of reform, which were demanded by the voice of the country. Mr. AXOSAIrrill eras received with loud &eon from his supporters, and tremendous uproar from the opposite party. lie hod pot to learn, he said, that no man should presume to some forward as • candidate for his native borough, agar he had been pricked for 'huff of the minty, er bad ownpied the dvic elude. As to his want of experience, it was sot • gnat crime foe a man to be younger than his neighbour. If rebstod, as he should be (lead Aeon), he would rampart every mimes for their local benefit, sad should not forget the opal dues—a most unjust tan on the ooromnnity. With regard to the gnostic& of reform, be would not pledge himself to any parUcular measure, but would accept that piss which would confer political rights upon lame ems& of the uneofranoltised. Be was prepared to support a U. franchise in bwougho, sad a 101. franchise in coun lila, and he did not approve of the twiug qualiacatinn which formal part of Mr. Bright's Ba tons Bill, end which, if carried ant, would deprive largo slumbers of their privileges. Mr. Assented* also advo cated ea educational freachise, sad observed that his Masora father when Wormed be that borough had rawer deceived the eraWituresep—as a enamel reforwer—(eheete)— mad, if volumed, he (Mr. Ananias) would sera be food wanting as a Ira eapporter of the greet literal party la the Howe of Cosmos'. A elbow et bark was tines Oka, sad declared by tbe retuning cater to be to favour of Alders's fieloacoe. Thew Army and Navy Pensioners' Employment Society" hoe now appointed in the ospoolty of neatengere, or tommiesionakes, a oOrpo of wended men from the Crimea and India, w h o am quits earl& of Ong menages, convey ing notes end panda, or War borer do. Their port at present ale-1. Rom d Comm and Wahnineter Hall. 2. Between Admiralty and Spring Galina. 3. North &de of Trefelgar-square, near the National Gallery. 4. Pall-osil, between the Army sad Navy end Carlton Chiba. 6. The by of St. Jameeseetrest. O. Between the by of the Haymarket and Regent-arena. 7. Centre of Re genteeneet, nem Musa Ackerman's. Tbs tariff of theme is enteemelymeonakin There ars so few people who ea lad work d,r enaermed mss that may of the perfumes or. to • stab d &Ware, and ham arises the ruddy of their eppeal, not for mosey, bat fur moorage mid W the morties Or have amen. A letter bon Dahlia cap :—" The report of Dr. Cain berg abed to be included In the long list of Irish almedem hoe given the mod lively satidactim here-4 sit.. Mike by so means MANIA to that gentian of the °am mo* which primes a different crud from that of the wroth darer The rumor of his Weldon to reside pernmently within sershot of the Vatican wee errant In D a ggs leer wady $ fortnight past, and wee pretty generally swami la Boom catholic amid ens d the reams urged he the cringe of quarters beteg the Indifferent state dins health ism his transplantation from Italy to Ireland ea the oneemser of the Isle lamented Areabishep Crolly." IlAirr Woicatoriassui 111.xt170x. Woz- CUM, flavounaw.--Todoy the writ fee the election of a knight of the giro he the room of NUM Rubor, new Lead Northernk,haebeen proclaimed by the sheriff, and the nominer ties le turd to take place on Saturday neat Both emelidare ham bred pablle addressee to the electors, expreserg idler malldenes that the Woe will be in their favour. Mr. Caldsorpe's oxialttee, fa a notice lamed to-day, Wato that "the melt of a most succesidol canvass readers eertaht lbs cetera of the candMaie by • loge majority " sad Mr. Pskbgion (who la still absent from the county) stales that " the amount of promised soma mama my saticipse non" His mud committee bar • inewleg yesterday, at which the retmus of the memo ma ads up, and they ele- , clam that "the member of promises far Ur. Pakington gas rents hie return bra large majority." Fox Cum.—The first meeting of the Fox Club this mom took Moe os Saturday evening. at Brookes's. Present: Hurl oil Ihr merle, Lord dams Stuart, M.P., Right Rm. Dr. Lnehiagton. Hen. C. 8. Clemente, Colonel R. A. Shute Adair, Hon. George Bing, Y.P. Frederick Modes, turP., Hon. Frelerich Cedars), R. A. &dad, Req., Landau Boldero, Right Roo. Edward ~.P HIS. George Pftwoilllain, M.P., Lord Mares. Hill, Lord flays sod We, Edward Eros M.P., Joha Cotes, Bp, Sir Beramio Hal, Bart, M.P.. Earl Grey, Lord Joh& Rusosll,ll.P., J. H. Isngs'ase, Req., M.P. Tun Burris OF MR PRINCE or Pillars.— At • yield maths of the mays sad corporation of Whether. rid at the Tom Ha/1 es Tuesday Mt, when met of the membera were in atteadanca, an attests of car gratulation to beer Malady on the somthasert of ber Royal Highness the Princess Frederick William of Prods, sad Parma Royal of Esei r lai l d, ins agreed to. The mayor of the borough (1. Jones, . re has sow received • oommol , tattoo, intimating that her ajesty will be graciously pleased to receive the adders through the Home Secretary. Addams of eangentuletio• to her Majesty on the some auspiclocie event weft lest week Bolted by the tom councils of Bristol and Nemeth. _ ClgAaoE OP CIMILLTT AGAIMIT TEI CAPTAIN AND NATI OP • LIVERPOOL lIIIIP-011 . Clay, Of the . faro Merchant Fakes, and Robert fret note, were on Saturday charged at the L 4 polies court with having committed as mead* on a seamen amend William Hester, who joimil the Marcamt Priam at Bombay to the 28th Weber lest. The melpienent stated that shod are o'eleek en the memieg of the 20tIt January, when at sea, he ma called down Imo the eablii, where the captain shrank hire ea the heed with a roller, and the mate &so beat him with a life preserver. The poor Mow's head bore evident marks of recent cruelty—• he l p ear extending about three inches on the left side. The steward, Joke Ferguson, end • mama eased Jame Reel', torvoircaed the evidence of the com who was lid up for taight through the ill- news. Fee the dolmas it wee endeavoured to be shown that Hasler ma the sogroser, harbor lest tried to use his abeatit-kalfs ea the captain. Tbamagistretee (Memo. Alfred Catania and G. Holt) agreed with the plea adduce t fee the dames and dieird the musatoes. The decidon ass received with Mien sad marks of disappeobstion by the pieties present in court. Lloyd, the first mate, was after ward. lined W. sad oats /or a mates attack on a oolouted sesessa named Betilembe Brown, as bend the same vowel. CHRISTMAS-HAT to OMM. —Hospitality had ample extrelea The Carebinerra, the Rifler, the 7th 1112/004M, the Artillery, the EsgMers, hod their gents wed their Mrs banquet. Nor let it be supp eel that is the oat-of-the-way camp at babe, when no Chriatmee was seer kept by Ren ee= before, Mete was my poor fore or panireosions metes sad garniture. Hew clofre nt from oar fret poor Crimraa banquets 1 Hem were mighty barons of beef, great turkeys, which, In Galway phrase, were " big rnoerh to drew • gig." motion of etreiwitd rhesp, adipose poultry, gems, and Bub, without any Storm, of tin and nein, made dishes, poulets sax India fekandeaux, riesone, and all the varies. tr:umphe of the French adobe, aucerhat tar naked by Dative machos sod tradition, all emend on seem- whoa teliteciala in Ira l ghost tests, well • rest be antarons hands. Her,., too, were bakers of e'e, Bass end Teenent, from direst Treat end Glautow, and Goblin end London porter; mosells, " Simkm," which is Anglo-Indian for Thanupson., of curlew growths end an- Imam fabricators; sherry from placee far more recondite than Rase; rare old port, rather bothered by travelling treaty mire a day, bat sneer as boiled hose. Then the plave-paddince sad sack pier, made by heathen bands end black-faced cadre, were objects foe the eery of the nettled mast is all lewd Zeeland. The Artiil.ry ease Christmas revels, the Rifle bacd played its best and choicer, sad time wee miairiso in the wide memos of teats till 10 o'clock come, end by drones mien end lights died out and Chador bad passel at laths.—laater Irma Tame correspeadeat. Tbe Pannadar and North African Stearn Navi gation Compaq's stselorr Amami, A. B. Dsvldson, com mander, antra in the river Thar on Saturday. The date* are Tenerife, Jim 23; Megader, Jan. 29; Cmhs, Feb. 6; and Lisboa, Feb. 7. The Ammon has a lase cargo end lb prosepes. LATEST INTELLIGENCE, THE lONIAN ISLANDS. The following reply of her Majesty to the peti tion of the Legislative Assembly of the lonian State, for the union with Greece, was read by Mr. Gladstone to the Assembly on the 6th inst.: VICTORIA REGINA. Her Majesty his talon into her gracious consideration the prayer of the petition presented by tho Legislative As sembly of the 1061111 Islands with reference to the inkreets of the island, themoelvee, of the States in their neighbour hood, and of the genera peace :. . . . Having regard to these objects, her Majesty, invested se she Is by the Treaty of Paris with the excluelve protecto rate of the lonian State, and oonstituted the eole organ of that State in the coanals of Europe, can neither consent to abandon the obligations she has undertaken, nor as convey, nor penult, any eppikation to any other power in furtherance of any Runner design. Bar Majesty does not desire to Impose new fetters on opinion ; bat she will enforce, wherever it Is placed in bar charge, the mend duty of obedience to this law,. Her Ilajesty has adopted, on her part, the isetwares which else deem most conducive to the good of the lonlan people; BM as awaits the enlightened co-operation of their parliesstat. V. It. SPAIN. MADRID, SIIIMAY. The English screw steamer 'pee da Castro has been lost on the coast of Portugal. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (1101 091 OWN PARIS. fluttpiT Evawurs. The Prase, referring to the rumour that the Paris Conference, 'opposed to be about to mentble, will treat of the Italian question, expanse I belief that, Use far u is at present known," the plenipo tentiaries will only be convened for the purpose of settling the difficulty raised by the double election of Colonel Cease. The Pays, on the contrary, sees no rune why, If the Congress of Paris is to meet, the state of Italy should not be brought before it incidentally, as war the cue originally, and it would regard such an event as one from which the happiest results might be hoped for. It goes on to say that it considers the meeting foe the above purpose a. " highly-pro• bable," and as a ooestimmation to be most devoutly wished, and it hopes that the cabinet of Vining which the German journals represent tue being animated by the most pacific sentiments, will call upon the European powers to settle (trencher) the Italian question, which the revolutionary party gene hopes may lead to war. This opinion of the Pays probably reflects only the wishes of the capitalist to whom the journal belongs, and who in common with the vast majority of society In France L opposed to war. A correspondent of the Nord of Brussels, who I suspect is better informed, writes from London that all the efforts made by England to induce France and Austria to agree upon a sem men ground for negotiation on the subject of Italy have rifled. It is, I believe, even doubtful whether it will be neceseary to call the conference togetheff to discuss the question of the Principalities. It is very probable that the state gee may be confirmed by diplomacy, without • meeting. It would be very good policy on the part of England and Austria to advise the Porte to accept Colonel Conza's election, and thus remove a eases bell which France is most anxious to find. A Turin letter of February 11, cited in a widely circulated correspondence, says : Is it to be place or war? That is Iles question which fa universaßy asket. For nay own port I think that every good liberal conservative ellOOld wish for war, ender existing earcematsam, for, if in order to avoid war, we allow our- Moss to be hang up by diploma, It le certain that both peace and order will be so thoroughly disturbed is Italy, that Bumps cannot fail to foal the shock. Let every possible expedient to avoid the mina be tried by all means, but let us not mope ate of those Impotent compromises whke, so far ltos ramvlng came of perturbation, only tend to aggravate then. The Emperor want to Vincennes one day last week to witness a trial of some new cannons of extraordinary lightness which, it was alleged by the inventor, would be u effective as guns of much larger calibre. His Majesty remained an unusually long time while General Labitte, who com manded the experiments, blazed away at a wall without any effect. At half-past 6 in the evening his Majesty gave it up as a bad job, and left for Paris; but almost as soon as his back was turned, the wall gave way under re. petted fire, and it is stated that several officers of experience have expressed an opinion that a revolu tion has been effected in the entire system of artillery. Prince Jerome escorted his daughter-in-law, the Princess Clothilde-Napoleon, to theTheatre Francais last night to see Alfred de Musset's Caprices de Marianne. The Prince Napoleon was absent from Perim on a sporting excursion with the Emperor. The Journal de Loiret announces that M. Henry des Theresa; the stock-broker who absconded from Orleans with securities to a large amount belonging to his clients, has been arrested in a country house near Marseilles, where he was preparing to leave the country. PARIS, SATVROILT EVENt“. The long talked of project of knocking down the present wall of Paris—that wall of which it was wittily said when it was built, " Le mur murant Paris rend Paris marmurant "—and extending the limits of the city to the line of Louis Philippe's fortifications, is now accomplished by a decree in the Mctiteue. I say accomplished, because the consent of the legislature is treated both by the decree and the report ot the Minister of the Interior which pre cedes it as that mere unimportant formality which indeed it is. lam not prepared to give any opinion ea to the merits of the measure at this present time- From the analysis of M. Delangle's report it is expected to produce much dissatisfaction in many quarters. • " • The Bowie was heavy at the opening, but im proved at the close, owing to French rumours that existing difficulties may possibly be settled by a Congress. The Rents rose 30 for cash and 20 for account, closing at 68.30 and 88.15, Mobilier rose 10f. Railways were comparatively dull, and did not rise more than 2.50. It was given out that new severe regulations against the holding of any little Bourse on the Boulevards had been issued, and this news made many people desire to close accounts, rather than remain open to the chances of the news that may come between War da7 and Monday. fhe Corps Legidatif yesterday declared the elec tion of M. Baudelot, the recently elected govern. ment candidate for the Aisne, null and void, he being disqualified according to article 30 of the organic decree of February 2, 1852, on the ground that within is,. than six months preceding hie election he had been a judicial functionary, namely, Presi dent of the Civil Tribunal of Vervitui. A well-known stockbroker at Orleans has ab sconded, taking with him property which, so far as already known, exceeds the value of 800,000 f. This event adds greatly to the distress recently eceasimeed in the town by the failure of an eminent beaker. II