The Express. — London, England, 1846-10-20 00:00:00

I i I 1 i 1 1 , 1 ii. 1 I 1 !I , , 1 : i 1 1 ' I I i i 1 ii ,i 1 I ; , 1 i 1 tI li • /i s I . ' . ‘ . . . s , oi I 1 . V 1 I • 1 11 I. i 1 1 1 2 . _ LUNCH'S POCKET-BOOK FOR 18 47 , u atrated with a coloured Proonspiece and numennts Bair ae. eel mid Wood by Jona Lawn and aICHAI2) DOTILt, Will be an Neseerabir L. Prk• 16. 6d. London : Published at th e " Pnnellilles, ortAttreet. Is two volumes, Medium aro, prier 32a, sloth. THE WORKS of WALTER SAVA° E lANDOR. Inelodhig the Imagism, Cosvmsethma with New sad Or g inal aeries ; Parisian sad await*: Elluchlation Illaskspu i re; gesmateron of aosatois PC1.1,11.1; ;new Ml man law rot dm' are' adis Publiabed) Tragedies ; ana Poems. th y additkes throughout, and the author's last rorredkm. Edward Moto" DOTIVT4I2O4. rho• 4e. rtE TREE ROSE.-1 5 Formation sad Culture, 11 Ins he °Gardeners' Chrouicle,' Author and others. CONII AMIZEINIZag time, prlacipleut Waft up periing keih tire of year, day, time Oder. deb et he plant, care dual. 111811114 men Bak imeeSeserlete eta& premedes en Deb. dement mil yieshOet Beth. Dalla,=s: p. oggiy Celerpthen. Net snails, to Ca=mmeMs Dormant tsiZl ia holeY of replant ing lettle Cloorde lobe eta Labeillet iptin. Mare It waft Dflzattehr beelievreeads limating ut, amengement of Meek ire. Prealog trealpleetation =Wig eye, eying tzestaret of drib hos atZ t eltlineteeels es the mem Dm" awl Id hedeehle sorb SE Wafts with a Notting eye ti 'ractitliklastraotions for its tested by 24 Woobuts. Reprinted with &Miaow,' natter by the OWL rn treadiala a mos Omits sad busk shim el Mosso dinf up" sad Oar ranov- eigificalff will drib Illsols, *WM est litt budding theorem at pooorhic al" Medi br weieset home; Mini rosth seslng I drartralaglredg. me proper far the purport °BAIT.). Aphides, to keep las-a Preepowen, rensris es °MR biotin spend hing 01001000 of iliodonfoso et oporados bailment moths P l m m il m=oomod Mot &scrip tles at a Inv sorb Wolk preporaties mod Worthen et Seim, arise sod lIMMOMent Stook, proomoiso of AIPPEIFOOL • oshoties oi vorlotlos Chimportela bev°e° nodding and oraftlag. CHIANICIA L.ND AGIIICTLTOBLAL ton-street, Ceneeit-sarden. Tendon. POMBA at "T.. GARD Omem" 05.. 5. Upper i, ght enpreoo. MAILS. The overland dosed milKeim dlarseillra, to the Mediterranean, Egypt Aden, Ceylon, hulk Bans -Kong, &c., will be made up on the evening of the 9ith Oseelme. The mils lie Caruso, Vim Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Mia, A be mob s, up eh the siornft of the 27th October. The sae fir New Os& Weir, Van Woman's Land, will be made up on the US Oeitheir. The West bit mid* Including those ill Mexico. Honduras, and Havana, wale sods up on the mornlngef the led November. Thts oseiteed Alt tor Gibraltar, btalrs,Clevele, the labs lebutda, =AI% Offirs. led* Hone-Kees. esil Clio. vie liithesptcs, SA up - es the morning of the Sri lielesesies. TO CORRESPON DINTS. We motet nelisegit say way, say sees that is sent to no 711:1=IMITiosikeesthose who deem be us bt szettidenee will 113111111RCAN WZ UNDERTAKE RErtrair ANT M T V . & scams WHATEVER. 9 ,,* Advertisements intended kr no Swan must be at the Moe by Two o'dodt on the day of publication. HIGH WATER AT LONDON-13E1DM TiDAT. Morning, 41 min. past 1; Aftensocm, 56 min. past To.miaow.—Moralog, 15 mm. past 2; Afternoon, 31 min. past 2. LONDON, TUESDAY, OCT. 20. POLITICAL events in Portugal are more than usually important at the present moment. They not only affect that kingdom, but Spain also, and oar relations with the government at Madrid. What those rela tions are likely to be, does not at present appear either clear or certain. If we acquiesce in, or even limit ourselves to passive and courteous protests against, the marriage of the Infante, it is possible that the govern ment of Madrid, and that of France influencing it, may take some pity on the forlorn condition of English influence in the Peninsula. Both cabinets, in that case, may employ every means to conciliate England, and prevent her extending her countenance to the Libe rals. How fully the most sagacious of the British public are aware of this, is ev:- dent from the announcement that delegates from the Society of Spanish Bondholders in London were about to proceed to Paris to supplicate the King of the FRENCH and M. GUIZOT to make use of their powerful influence, in order that some justice might be done to British creditors at Madrid. Should, however, the British Government remain indignant with both the allied courts ; should it con tinue to preserve an attitude of alienation and mis trust ; this, alone, cannot but have the effect of kindling hope in the bosom of the liberal party throughout the Peninsula, and of encouraging it not only to plan and to seek redress, but to recover, if that be possible, the national liberties. Unfortunately the gagging of the press simultaneously in Madrid and Lisbon leaves the liberal constitutionalists no chance or mode of resisting, except by violence. Insurrection alone is left them, and insurrection will no doubt be planned, if not accomplished. In this state of things, the attitude of Portugal and the colour of its govern ment are most important. If a liberal party prevailed at Lisbon, Portugal would infallibly be the resort of Spanish liberalism, and the basis of its operations. It was therefore of vital importance to the French party in the Peninsula to overturn the liberal government which had existed for the last few months in Lisbon, and which, though far too much occupied with self-pre servation to think of proselytising Spain, nevertheless caused infinite disquiet to the triumvirate of Onus- TINA, BRESSON, and ISTURITZ. The French, indeed,were already quite assured of the sentiments of the court of Lisbon, where the King and Queen were devotedly attached to the party of the Moderados, and to the councils of France. But these royal personages, well-advised, bore with their liberal ministers until such time as these should have filled the measure of their difficulties, pecuniary and of other kinds. The court of Lisbon, moreover,waited to see the result of the struggle going on at Madrid ; a struggle of France supported by the Spanish military party, against England supported by the national and liberal party among the Spaniards. Should the latter have prevailed, and should the power of France at Madrid have received a check, then it would have been extreme ly imprudent of the court of Lisbon to defy the liberals and establish a government repressive of constitutional liberty, like that of Spain. Queen MARIA DA GLORIA and her husband, with their intimate counsellor, M. Dim, seem to have awaited the certainty of the MONTPENBIER marriage. The moment they were snared of that, they summoned the Marquis of PALMELLA; turned out him and his liberal col leagues; proscribed the press; recalled the decree for enrolling the national guard; annulled the elections in progress for the Cortes; put the meeting of that body off to the Greek Kalends, or till such time as it could be packed as a court committee ; and, in short, aid all that NARVAEZ and CHRISTINA have done in Madrid, minus the spilling of blood;—which extremity, to do the Portuguese justice, they commonly avoid. Many Englishmen may, however, by this time, have come to care very little for the liberties of the Peninsulas ; and may limit their anxiety to the in quiry, which party is in possession of most financial resources, and which is moot likely to do justice to the national creditor. On this point we must con fess that the anti•liberals, or the moderados, as they call themselves, seem to bear away the palm. They appear more determiued to raise a sufficient revenue ; sad relying as they do on the army, which receives the greater part of the taxes raised, whilst the liberals depend almost solely on the tax payers, these Peninsular Tories are thus enabled to make a far better hand of their exchequer than their antagonists the exaltados. MON has estab lished and enforced throughout Spain a most stringent system of direct taxation. CABRAL in Portugal was equally merciless. But the soil which the latter reaped, was not 53 f..-rtile for the financier's sickle. CABRAL fell by a rustic insurrection against his tax gatherers ; and the government which has sow assumed power in Lisbon promises not to resort to the obnoxious levies. But how are they to be avoided? The bunk refuses payment; credit is ex hausted. The new revolution has been effected as usual by large promotions, which add to the expenses of the army ; and by the raising of new corps of loyal yeomanry to replace the national guard. Money . must be had, therefore, by some legerdemain. And the day must come, for Portugal at least, when it will be discovered that the more able the financier in raising funds, the nearer does the court party reach -r the extremity of its tether; in appear—meg time when no more money can be itioeczt4, j,e'regl a regime of terror andlieepotisou irosiiturParuft, pay soldiers for coercing it. Whilst thus making comparisons forced upon Us . the simultaneous occurrence of the same party straitees in both countries, we must guard ourselves against being /apposed to assimilate, in all things, either the courts of Lisbon and Madrid, the court parties, or the Liberele. The Portuguese Liberals, we regret to say, have shown none of that real moderation and wisdom displayed by three who hold the analogous position in Spain. The Spanish Liberals have grown out of mere sans culoaism, which it is to be feared the Portuguese have not ; and Queen MARIA DE GLORIA has infinitely more reason to distrust her subjects than IsAsELLA. On the other side, the name of SALDAREIA still inspires a confidence which that of Inv Raz certainly does not. One cannot, indeed, well understand or believe that this veteran Constitutionalist should have so far forgotten his principles, as to make himself the instrument of restoring or carrying on the debasing despotism of the CABRALS. Since writing the above, we perceive it rumoured that Oporto demurs against the new coup deka that it not only refuses to receive the Duke of TERCEIRA, the general of the new 'government, but has even arrested him ; and that LAS ANT" the military chief of the late Liberal ministry, has raised the standard of revolt, and demands a regency in the name of the infant prince. If all this be true, the French system in Spain as well as in Portugal is menaced with perilous days, or downright overthrow. ..! , -1 , 1:r1 - - " HEAVEN helps those who help themselves." There is little hope for Ireland, unless native intelligence and devotion come in aid of Imperial efforts and Treasury advances. We have often alluded to the recklessness of the barony presentments. The labour of the Board of Works has been increased to an intolerable degree by the absence of all discrimination in the presenters. They seem to have altogether misapprehended the co-operation demanded of them. They satisfy their notions of - duty by passing in a lump all the applica tions presented. As to picking out the reproductive projects from the heap, or apportioning the work pro posed to the destitution of the district, such refine ments are unthought of. The commonest business forms are disregarded. There is a chairman in despair—his will tossed to and fro on the billows of popular feeling, that surge and roar about him—vainly endeavouring to dis cover what is the motion before the meeting, convulsively catching at something that has probably never been proposed, or at all events, if it have found a proposer, has fallen to the ground without being seconded. There are stray amendments in search of their original; resolutions; presentments without presenters; applications for roals, of which no one knows the locality, or can certify their existence ; estimates of money dashed into, without any know ledge of the numbers to be relieved ; every body talking, nobody listening ; infinite passion ; the lie bandied about ; challenges offered and accepted ; jokes cracked; the chairman helpless; the secretary disgusted ; the speakers abusing each other ; the I officer of the Boards of Works aghast ;—and a chance Saxon spectator, travelling for insight into Irish grievances and their remedies, rapidly rising to a conviction that there is something to blame beyond the Government. And, this, while starvation is howl ing outside the court-house. Such is the machinery on which, in many cases, Government has to rely for the local administration of its schemes for the relief of Ireland. It is impos sible, with every wish to be considerate in judgment, to find excuse for such monstrous incapacity; or to found hope on the disorderly, feather-headed, fatally ready-witted men, who figure at these meetings, and carry away the attention of the actors by a laugh and a joke, or divert it from the matter in hand by getting up a squabble with an opponent, or an attack on the Government. The result of such scenes is what might be expected. All the pre sentments made are passed, not nem. eon., but often men. con., in'sheer despair of enforcing atten tion to business. The populace, admitted to the morn, overbear magistrates and cess-payers with clamour. Those who should, at such a moment, be their leaders, controllers, and guides; supporting them by the example of labours undergone cheerfully, and in order ; show themselves the helpless slaves of their yells and clamour ;—flinging from their own shoulders on to those of the Board of Works, the toil of discovering the amount of destitution to be re lieved, and the means of relieving it; flying from their duties in confessed helplessness ; and leaving the ignorant wretched mob totho promptings of their own wild wills, and baffled appetites. In estimating the difficulties of Government, we can not lay too much stress on the impediments created by this lamentable want of gravity and business-like management and dispatch, among the magistracy, priesthood, and cess-payers of the distressed districts of the south and west. The report of a Cork Present ment Sessions, held at Macroom on Tuesday last, will appear exaggerated to English readers. Accustomed to the business of the vestry, or board of guardians ; I often stormy and worked on by passions, all the stronger for their narrow parochial limits; the middle class Saxon understands by " a noisy meeting" some thing very different from what is indicated in our extracts. "The extraordinary prreentraent sesetona for this barony was held on Tuerstay in the Cramt-henm of Maaroom. Captain %%Wile was moved to the chair. pie meted whisk =Awl into the building made it almost insufferalik to ramie there, while occasionally the shies way of a form or partition timed miler, for the safety of those in its seighbourhood. °again Beedmielt, of Conciliation Mt, made him. self particularly prembaent la getting present :emote granted. The prosetslings went mokilledM • manner that rendered it totally Inc. nails to giro a MOM reE No discussion ensued that ten, at tart, were not sp=ci t t same moment, while those the body at the court went all their The VIM Instructions o sb reLord Lieutenant in raihrenee to ea freinsge and subsoilleg under the Labour. rate Is. . staring on the making of presentments for drain age end it would be necessary, he mid, to determine upon the MIMI* Of and what would be mobile to amens to meet the " A ellesseeles then ensued as to whether pante kw three c r six months ebenkl.he made. " dissiemen Wlikk will you grant, for three or Mr months I ges of 'dem months,' which was drowned by a host of voices yel. be 'ix,' and the some for some mina( es was terrific.) Mr. J. B. Warren: For Cod's wake pass anythney, ao you Let us " o rhatati: i ti t i t i tL ix! (Tremendous yells of yes.') " Mr. J. R. Warren : Anythiny at all, for pram inks. " Score' ary Will you take the applications In electoral divisions ! " Mr. M. H. Warren : "f is quite unneseareary to go into the valua tion at all. (Tells.) " Secretary: Unions you comply with the inetructions most of the applications will fall to the ground. (Uproar.) Chairman: Take it any way. (Year.) " Secretary : Let us begin with the parish of Macroorn. (Great confusion.) For mercy sake, be quiet. The valuation of the pariah of Macroom is 8,3641. 18a. 6d. " Mr..l. E. M'Carthy : I move that 8,000/. be granted for the sup port of the people of Macro= tin six months. ( Oh, !" with yells of approval.) the reason I adopt that is, not for the purpne of kev-ing as great • sum, but to comply with the mandate of the govern mint. (Great yelling.) I move that we take the poor-law valuation In each parish to eatisly the mandate. (Cries of "Mat enough.") " Cbanaellor Herrick hoped they would not come forward with a epecieus appearance of humanity, and do that which was ludicrously extravagant. (Awful uproar, which lasted some minutes.) "Secretary : Graciout God, what a write "Mr. M. Et. Warren: I oppose 8,0001. (Dreadful yelling.) I care not what may be the ccerequence, I oppose it (Vociferous bahing.) " Rev. H. Strammy : There are 430 unemployed people. (Increased timer.) Mr. M. H. Warren: My enkulation of the unemployed in the pariah of Mango* is 586. (Yells.) " Mr. J. E. WC•rthy : Six hunired for sir months, at Is. • day, will be 5,0001. Now, I'm saddled that 4,000!. be granted. (Tells.) " Mr. J. B. Warren: And I wend that. (Dreadful confusion, at least thirty voices addressing the chair.)" The secretary discharges throughout this appalling scene the part of the Greek chorus. He makes reflec tions, and cocasionally suggests attention to points of form and matters of prudence ; and, as in the Greek tragedies, is entirely disregarded by the principal actors. Mr. J. B. WARREN is the representative of the " anything for a quiet life " principle. He is ready to second any motion, to pass any works, to vote any sums, provided only they'll "let him out of that." It strikes us he ought not only " to be let out of that," bat that he ought never to have been let into that. His effort is apparently to demonstrate the utter use lessness of barony presentments. We do not know what party he belongs to r-whether he is a disgusted, high-flying Protestant-ascendancy, Boyne-wr ter man, glad to show the government what Catholic emanci pation has brought the country to ; or a Repealer, employers. Here is another specimen from the same meeting: ~ 1 1r. J. E. DlTarthy I mom that we make It 1,0031. toe lbtorocma " Mr. J. B. Warren: And I mooed it. (Tremendous shouting.) "Cindrmen: Does Mr. John - Warren second it (Cries of To bs • rJ B. Warren : Anything fora quiet life. (Groat shouting.) 46 g i ib i ; seamy What's the population) "nadir Lae: 4,734 according to Pigot's m a p. (H ere a g ain • number apeman were addressing the chairman, which caused the gremem assession, and was much increased by the shouting of the mend in Ike body of tbe court, in the midst of which the chairman dealered 4 000 L waa agreed ta “Sseretery: Well now take up ttallyvournel. The poor-law valu ation el this garish is 3,7301. "Chalemna And the population 4438. "Mr. W. R. Warren: I propose you grant3.oool. " Mr. WC. O'Leary : And I second it. (Yelling.) " Father Dorton : You must grant 4,0001. at least. (Tremendous shouting.) " Mr. J. B. Warren: Give it to them—give them anything. (Shouting.) " amines& Well, 4,0001. is agreed to. (Great shouting.) " Mr. WC. O'Leary f yarn do that, you break your arrangement with Ilismors. (Tumult.) " I. Z. ll'Otrthy : numb induots7 and a healthy population be linsrawn, kr Soma what th•• his die monedoks. (SbOuting.) I Dolltworregy. I Swarths rode menntallwas. They would e hon haver est if they twdassugh est; hutOod only bans what they ma b y be when starving. (Loud Mr. Fltagerahl Tim th l Mos at the relief emunittoe as to the wants of the pa bk. " Rey. It. Kroh/Br t Ithkk that 4,0001. will be required. " Mr. M. H. Worms: I maw that 3,3001. be granted (Uproar.) " Father Ire : thus bona nee. powely sad Rub loom distress in the town of Museum thou be say slide - Ideas. (Great sonfusioo.) I esti an you to recomidur kimnform. ap art.) • Miriam , Morrow esebleL Mika of o.") • lbuwne :As the pdadgio sopa to Waco= his not been 11114d8lont you are bound to reconsider masroom. (shooting.) ▪ "taw Lee : I am ready to prove that last Thursday a man died et donation in Macroom. (Awful uproo.) "Okuirman : A poll is demanded as to whether we reconsider litaiworaa. (Great tumult.) • Ifdr. 11. H. Warren : I shall preen my motion. (Groaning sad 711.5.6. Ir. I. B. Warren : It is all nonsense to press any matter here me the confadon arowad you. Give it up, Massy—gin A up. (Tres ssendous yelling.) Chairman : We came here to serve the people, but we shall not Oa allowed to do so. I'm quite useless here, and shall, therefore, leave the chair. (Increased tumult.) " Mr. 3. B Warren : Hear me—hear me for a moment. I shall now bring this scene to • close. There Is but one course we can adopt, and that I propose, that the presentments be peered as maw. (Great cheering.) The a thing t Ise can be done here. 'Mr. Coltlatust : I second that —it is the only course leR us. (Great uproar.) Mr. J. B. Warren : 'Hear me—do bear me for a moment. (Great yelling). See what a scene you have here to - day — lo ok around you. h it not utterly impoasible that we can go through these applications dispassionately—that.. will be permitted to consider them calmly or quietly t For God's sake then pass my resolution, grunting them all, whatever they may be, and leave them to our gawks' angek the Board of Works. (Greatshouting). I move that the appliodlons pam en mash% Does any ooe second me ? (Shoats,' We do? " Mr. MT. O'Leary I second you with slimy heart. Tremendous shooting). " Mr. J. B. Warren: If you awry that you may gore to your dinners—lt you reject it prepare tostop here for n week. (Yells). " Chairman: Who's for passing them MP (Trent( nclous shouts of " Mr. J. B. Warren : Mr. Secretary, handle them all up, and cut away as list es you can. (Great uproar)." _ - We can very well understand the feeling of the unfortunate officer of the Board of Works, Captain GoanoN, when asked if it was legal to pass the presentments in the lump? You may do so if you please—'lie as good as any other way here. It is superfluous to say that with local efforts of this character, the utmost foresight and activity on the part of Government will be insufficient to meet the iliiigers and difficulties of Ireland in the present WE have before said that the prospects of the farmer, the unshackled farmer, were never so hopeful as at present. Stock, the feeding and breeding of which secures fertility on any kind of soil, is selling at high prices. The experiments of agricultural chemists have produced portable artificial manures at compara tively small cost, which, though not to be relied on alone, are of great value in bringing up the cultiva tion of a farm to a higher standard than before esta blished. They give the farmer a start, by enabling him to begin to grow heavy green and root crops, which, being judiciously consumed by stock, insure permanent fertility. Pulse, maize, axd the inferior grains, will ere long be imported at low prices, and these articles form the main element of profitable stock feeding. " Give me cheap oats and beans," said a very intelligent farmer the other day, "and I will produce meat at 4d. a pound;" and in so pro ducing meat, he will necessarily manure his land so highly that large crops of wheat must be also pro duced as an incidental result. . ----- By not relying so much upon wheat as has hitherto been the practice amongst farmers, they will soon ac tually grow more grain. The soil is never ungmteful, but invariably responds to generous treatment. We could adduce instance upon instance in proof of this, but shall be content for the present with referring to that of Lord LUCIE'S farm in Gloucestershire, called " Whitfield Example Farm," which, under the man agement of Mr. MORTON, has furnished striking evi dence of the capacity of land for improvement. In 1829, when Lord Ducts took this farm into his own hands, it had been for the previous twenty-one years in the occupation of a yearly tenant, at the rent of 2001.; the tithes, taxes, and rates, being 6.51. more. The farm consisted of 232 acres, of which 164 were pasture, and 68 arable. It was in fact chiefly a dairy farm. The house and buildings were poor, scanty, and in bad repair. The pasture-land had a forest-like appearance when viewed from the high ground, by reason of the great number of oaks and other trees in the hedgerows. Those trees were so crowded together as greatly to injure the pasture and the fences, as well as to prevent the circulation of air and interfere with the drainage of the land. The late tenant had kept twenty-five cows and always reared seven calves, which ho kept until they calved at three years old, to fill up the places of seven cows which he sold every year. His stock, therefore, con sisted of twenty-five cows, seven heifer calves, seven year-old heifers, and seven two-year old heifers ; four working horses, a riding horse, and some pigs; in all fifty head of stock. These consumed the whole produce of the 164 acres of pasture land; 100 acres of it being mown for winter consumption, and the remain ing 64 acres being pastured during the spring and summer, till the cattle were turned into the after grass. The same fields had always been pastured and mown respectively. The land which had always been pastured, from being very wet and too much shaded by trees, was in no respect improved by the constant feeding, and the acerage cut of hay did not exceed half a ton per acre. All the manure was put upon the arable land, and nothing but a little earth and lime laid upon the meadow land. There was no underground and little surface draining, upon the farm; both the tenant and his workmen entertaining a prejudice against underground drains. This is by no means uncommon in dairy districts. We have heard men occupying large farms in North Wiltshire say of draining that "it takes the virtue out of the land!" At Whitfield the arable land was wretchedly managed, and the pro duce remarkably small ; the wheat produced about twelve, the barley about twenty bushels to :he acre, and potatoes five tons and a-half. Every kind of weed flourished in luxuriant abundance. All the wheat straw not required for thatching the ricks, was sold. The labourers employed were two men, a plough man and a cowman ; a boy ; and two women in the house to manage the dairy. In harvest and hay making, there were two mowers and two other men employed for about ten weeks. The average yearly produce from each cow was about two-and-a-half cwt. of cheese. The total expenditure for labour, house keeping, &c., wsa 1707. n-year; and the average yearly receipts amounted to 4631. I Is., from which, after deducting labour, rent, and taxes, the tenant derived a profit of 281. 11s. only. The whole capital employed, all the stock and one year's expenses and labour, did not exceed 7261. Indeed the tenant's condition could -net--have been much better than that of a mere labourer, while the produce of the land and the landlord's rent were as low as possible. We have stated these details of the former state of Whitfield, not only for the purpose of showing what it was when Mr. MORTON commenced his improvements, but because it very closely repre sents the condition of the farms of a numerous class At Whitfield, the first steps taken were to throw down all the timber, grub up the hedges, and lay out the land in fields of convenient size by means of deep ditches and quickset hedges. The land was then drained, subsoil-ploughed, and a brook, which car ried off the drainage, straightened and made deeper. Roads were formed, buildings erected, and all the pasture-land, except about 40 acres, broken up. The gross expense of these permanent improvements was 7,828/. 11x. 3d. Of this sum about 1,5001. was incurred in buildings more than the farm required, in order that more land might be laid to it at a future time without rendering an increase of buildings then necessary. The new rental on the farm thus im proved, together with the 30/. for fifteen acres of addi tional land, was 3911. Bs. ; the interest at .5/. per cent. on the capital expended, added to the old rent of 200/., making the whole 6211. Bs. But, in fact, 31 per cent. is interest enough to be charged on the outlay; which would reduce the rent to 5041. In 1840 the farm was valued for the poor's-rate at 200/. a-year, and in 1843 the same valuer re-valued it for the same purpose at 564/. a-year. The account published by Mr. MORTON down to 1842, which is the last we have before us (and the farm has since that time advanced in fertility), shows a clear profit to the tenant of 1611. 16s. 3d., after allowing 101. per cent. upon the capital of 4,069!. 155. 11d. employed in farming it. The live stock then consisted of 412 sheep, 32 Hereford oxen, 3 cows, and 10 horses; while the average of the wheat crop of 1841--one half of the farm being in wheat—was 41 bushels to the acre. The rooted green crops have been nearly in proportion. Here we have an instance of a farm brought from almost a state of nature into very high cultivation. In its original state, the produce was little more than the natural growth of the soil, which kept the tenant's cow stock, and that was all ; the amble land, culti vated as it then was, must have been a source of loss, not gain. And such is the state of a very large pro portion of that which is, by courtesy, called cultivated land in England. Whitfield farm, as improved, has become a great manufactory of grain and meat, in which the floating capital (so to speak) of the tenant, forms a large element; while the fixed capital of the landlord has been doubled by improvements made in the land itself, which were at the same time indis pensable to render the land an effective part of the ma chinery of the manufacture. It is by an approach to wards such a system that farming will become a pro fitable business, and land advance in value ; and the nearer the approach, the better it will prove in every instance for both tenant and landlord. How these approaches are to be made, is now the practical question ; for all active farmers admit their necessity. The same change is going on in farming which has taken place in other businesses. Prices being moderate and competition active, more transactions— that is, more stock breeding or feeding, and heavier crops of grain—are necessary to secure a fair remu neration in husbandry, than were required under the old system of high prices. This implies the outlay of more capital on the part of the farmer, and in ways which require tenures of far more security and dura tion than the yearly tenancies on which so large a pro portion of the land in this country is now held. The Paris papers of Sunday, and other foreign journals, with the letters of our correspondents, have arrived by the ordinary express. Parliamentary reform becomes from day to day a topic of more engrossing interest throughout France. The extremely limited extent of the con stituency, compared with the population, is rendered more and more offensively glaring. In a population of thirty-two millions there are only a fifth of a million, or one individual in 100, qualified to vote. This can scarcely be regarded as a party question. The petitioners for parliamentary reform include in dividuals of all shades of opinion, from the ultra royalist and legitimist to the extreme left. Great difference of opinion prevails among reformers as to the limit to which the suffrage should be enlarged, as well as on the subject of the qualification of deputies, and these differences seriously impede the progress of petitions. The reformers of the extreme le ft desire to flame the petitions in such general terms as shall avoid contested points, and shall serve to bring the subject under dis cussion. Others fear that, by such a proceeding, some small and inefficient reform may be conceded which would really retard any serious progress. It is curious to observe the identity of the successive' , phases of this question in France with those which it assumed is England. Some social movements of Lord Normanby and Lord Brougham have been adopted as the ground of a report of an intrigue to allay the irritation arising from the marriage question by a change of ministry in Paris. It will be remembered that Lord Nor manby lately went to Champlatreux, on a visit to Count Mole, with whom he has been long on terms of friendship. Lord Brougham, on his route to his chateau at Cannes, at that time stopped for a day or two in Paris, and dined one day with M. Mole in company with Lord Normanby. " The following day Lord Brougham dined with " his old friend" the King of the French at Neuilly, which in fact he always does when he passes through Paris. Behold the ( castle of conjecture which is elevated on this I foundation : " At the very moment," says l.e Commeree," at which the diplomatic relations of M. Guizot and Lord Palmerston became complicated, and while the former was cogitating the reply he would give to the British Cabinet, Lord Normanby quits Paris to virit M. Mole. When an ambassador desires to mark his dissati.faction with the court to which he is accredited, he goes to respire the pure air of the country, an excellent way of combining the preservation of his diplomatic dignity with that of his health. Lord Nor- I manby goes to Champtltreux. There is no mistaking the purpose of his rustic excursion. Lord Brougham dines there with him, and the next day dines at Neuilly ! This ménage I has often been practised, and we are assured that M. Guizot is not altogether easy about these comings and goings. Can it be possible that Lord Palmerston can be thinking of playing off the same trick at Paris that M. Guizot is said to be attempting at London, and that the diplomatic quarrel is to be appeased by the instalment of Count Mole in the Hotel of Foreign Affairs in the place of M. Guizot ? M. Mole would doubtless patch up the mar. riage squabble, but teeny we cannot see how our internal policy would be improved by this bandying about of port folios. France, after six years of reactionary policy, has need of statesmen who are more deeply conscious that our constitutional regime is the issue of a revolution." The Free-trade agitation is indirectly raising anew the question of the right of public assembly. At pre sent more than a small number of persons cannot legally meet together for the purpose of discussing any political question. At least if they do they are liable to dispersion by the authorities. The Free-trade party on the one hand and their opponents the pro tectionists on the other, are, however, suffered to hold meetings for promoting their respective views. A third class now claim the same indulgence,—the working class, who have addressed a demand to the Minister of the Interior to authorise them to assemble as partisans of free-trade. This de mand is supported by those liberal journals which, nevertheless, are opposed to the free trade doctrine; such as the National. The ministerial journal L'Epoque opposes this demand, on the ground that the working classes are already at liberty to join the associations of either side of the question which nre ranctior_ed by the government, and that as there is no middle term between free-trade and protection, there is no ground fur authorising a third class of cursociatiou. The Popular, a ministerial journal of Madrid, says that after a short sojourn in 'France the Duchess of Montpensier will return to Spain, the residence of her Royal Highness in a foreign country being attended with much inconvenience. _ The Dlbate devotes its leading article, of two entire columns, to demonstrate that the interpretation which has been given to the renunciation of the crown of Spain by the house of Orleans,in the 6th article of the treaty of Utrecht, is erroneous, and may be refuted both as to right and as to fact. The Diario do Ooberno, the official journal of Lisbon, was received in Paris by express on Saturday evening. It confirms the change of niinistry reported ~~ , . . . \ifif f • Xit A SA , ettfl). ,R 4 l .. N • ' Cr' .....TENING;- OC'TOBER 20, '1846. . . f°`cill us witt • , the Aiwa' Of occupiers in many districts of Englan d. And t/ lb , ,kr , • , Ipg . 'pa: ~,„,,, B st. lxi he tiioltgh it is practically impossible that any con eider- n 1, to 'Whit' he may,' his conduct and tone . aro ai.. able number of such farms can be improved to the b graceful; and imply a want of common seam and extent Whitfield farm has beep, yet, with judicious e Landlords, much might be done towards improving n for Ili ai i iiiipTi merit and encouragement on the part of the " iby sound judgment, auguring ill ri files pee -. santry dependent on the , intelligens. 41. doh _ . .. . . _ the systems of such tenants. . _ • - fi .- .. ~ , - the preceding day, and corroborates the impression mentioned in our correspondence of yesterday, that M. Carreira, the Portuguese minister at Paris, would enter into the new arrangements. He is nominated for the portfolio of foreign affairs, which, until his return to Lisbon, will be held by M. Saldanha. The national guard is disbanded, and most of the official functionaries at Lisbon and in the provinces will be removed. A proclamation declares that all the con cessions which had been made after the insurrection of the province of Minho will be continued and maintained, but that the administration will check any excesses consequent on that movement. Doubts are still expressed by the liberal party in Paris as to the real objects and tendencies of the movement which has taken place in Lisbon. These doubts are founded partly on the peculiar circum stances in which the Palmella ministry was placed, whose expulsion from power is regarded by some as a political ruse to which they were themselves parties, but more emphatically on the character and known principles of the Marquis de Saldanha, the chief of the new cabinet. The National was silent on Sun day, notwithstanding its article of Saturday referred to in our correspondence of yesterday. It evidently has misgivings. The Constitutionnel declares that the triumph of the Spanish ministerial party is enough to indicate the real tendency of the change which has taken place in Lisbon, where, already, the principal offices are filled by those who have mani fested the most devoted adherence to the Cabrals. " But the most important news," says the Constitu tionnel, "is tne suppression of the national guard, and of the constitutional guarantees." Letters from Rome, according to the Courner Fran cais, announce that Count Rodolf de Lutzow, the Austrian ambassador, is about to quit that city, to return to Vienna, where he will remain for some months. During his absence, he will be replaced by the Baron Binder-Kriegelstein, agent of Austria for ecclesiastical affairs. The departure of M. Lutzow is attributed to a coolness between the two courts. " We are enabled to assure the public," says La Presse,' " that the northern courts, so far from associating them selves with the prwensions of the Cabinet of London on the subject of the Spanish marriages, openly profess sentiments altogether different. Two of them have even, as we hear, transmitted to our government the official expression of their sentiments on this subject." The ministerial journals felicitate themselves on the short tenure of office which the Whig Cabinet is, as they maintain, destined to enjoy. The article in the recent number of the Quarterly Reriew is quoted as conclusive on this, in which the numerical parliamentary force of the Whigs and the Opposi tion is estimated, giving the latter a majority of 360 against 293. The Standard is now the favourite among the English journals with the organs of the Tuileries. The leading articles in the other London journals are pronounced to be " brutal," an epithet which has lately become a favourite with the Court journals of Paris. The Express is treated with rather more courtesv, but not less opposition by them. The Presse of Sunday has another furious anti-Eng lish article on the marriage question, extending to above two columns, the remainder of its leaders being devoted to prove how soon Lord John Russell and Lord Palmerston must surrender their offices. According to El Heraldo of the 13th instant, an act of amnesty is decided on by the Madrid cabi net, and even signed already. It is reported that Senor Castro de ()rozeo has refused the cross of grand officer of the legion of honour. Mr. Bulwer was at the royal Baise-mains of the 12th, and again felicitated her Majesty on her marriage, but did not address the Infanta (so says El Espanol). El Tiempo, on the con trary,asserts, that the British ambassador was not pre sent at any of the recent ceremonies. Everybody is aware" (we quote El Clamor Publieo), " that Don Tadeo Calamarde was made Duke of Santa-Isabel, as a reward for his services to the cause of despotism under the absolute reign of Ferdinand VIII. Don Tadeo died at Rome some years since. Who would have thought that he would have had for successor a child still at the breast of his nurse, and sm of a foreign ambassador ? " " There is (writes the same journal) a remarkable coincidence between the French marriage in Spain and the reaction in Portugal. We see 'in this event the hand of France, which aspires to despoil England of all influence in the Peninsula, and to establish there an extensive and absolute rule. El Heraldo, commenting yesterday en this event, speaks of the formidable continental barrier which the Conservative governments of France, Spain, and Portugal, will oppose to those who may attempt to introduce the germs of disorder into the Peninsula. Thus England is forewarned. It is a question of a system of con tinental policy, of the formidable alliance between the conservatives of three nations and their govern- mente, to neutralise pretended Machiavellian plans. If England then allows its power to be thus quietly undennined, and its political importance ruined, it will be humiliated in the eyes of all Europe, and its name no longer figure amongst the powers of the first order." PORTUGAL.—The following is the proclamation addressed by the Queen in justification of the recent coup d'etat. Portuguese.—The cries which from all sides daily reached my throne filled ley heart with the most pungent grief, and my thoughts and cares of every moment were devoted to the restoration of public prosperity, so violently shaken. Ex pressions of severity never issued from my lips, for that feel ing is incompatible with the sentiments of maternal love which I nourish towards my subjects ; but at length, seeing the abyss into which the course of events was hurrying the throne of my ancestors, the institutions founded by my father, and with them the welfare and even the very exist ence of this nation, worthy of a better fate, I have resolved to set a term to 'omens' calamities by interposing myself between that abyss and triumphant disorder. For this purpose, I have summoned to my councils men who I hope will aid me in accomplishing the arduous task imposed upon me by my love for the noble people whom Providence his confided to my direction. The instructions which I considered I ought to give them are comprised in few words, and these I do not hesitate to repeat, feeling well assured that they will find au echo in every generous and faithful heart. It is not within the reach of human power to efface great events from the annals of nations. Whether justified on principle or merely admitted as facts, they must be recognised, and when they have attained an important magnitude, their consequences must be respected. Such was the popular movement which originated in the Minho, and which, altered and perverted, was repeated in other parts of the kingdom. The change which I have now made in the administration, therefore, does not signify a reaction against that popular movement, but only against the excesses to which it subsequently led. All that the people called for was the re peal of the tributary system and of the sanatory laws, as also the dismissal of the ministers to whom they ascribed the supposed vexations produced by those laws. Those concessions were made and will be maintained. But the people could not wioh that the code of their rights and liberties—that the talisman (sic) of a hundred fights— ;hat the constitutional charter should be involved in the pro scription; and so far were they from harbouring such &desire, that, even in the very height of the movement, they con stantly invoked and hailed the charter ; and grateful indeed is this circumstance to my heart, which would have been severely pained to see ungratefully torn the sacred covenant that binds me to my people, and trodden under foot the greatest and best work of my lamented father, which he bound to the existence of my dynasty, and the name of which was united to mine in the mouths of those brave men who fell in battle to leave a legacy of liberty to this land. The author of the charter himself recognised in it the a xigencies of time and experience ; and time and experience have in fact shown that some of its provisions need revisal and alteration. I reject, however, an excess of authority which does not belong to me, nor will I, by a simple decree, alter the fundamental law of the monarchy. I shall, therefore, order my ministers to promote that revision, but by the method which the charter itself prescribes. With full confidence in the virtues of the Portuguese people, I hope to see them rallying round my throne to aid me in consolidating the great work in which we are engaged. The clay when I shall see the Portuguese family laying aside all former hatred, and uniting, never again to be separated, will be to me the most glorious and memorable of my life. The whole secret of this desidera tum lies in the realisation of two great words—justice and duty. Let the empire of morality be proclaimed as the chief thing necessary ; let principles which claim respect be no longer the sport of ambition ; let approved merit be the only title to preference; let the most strict economy he established in every branch of the public service : let all party distinctions cease ; let the faith of legal contracts be respected ; and no doubt a brighter day will dawn upon this Heaven-favoured soil. It is my intention to send without delay to the several provinces, as my commis sioners, persons Nnu are zealous fur the good of the nation, for the purpose of collecting the complaints and represen tations of the people, in order that, taking them into mature consideration, I may remedy such evils as may be discovered, and which my solicitude may not bare been able to pre vent. Finally. It being my moat earnest desire to repress all excesses, I wish it to be known that the inflexible rigour of justice will fall, without distinction of persons, upon all those who, whatever may be their political opinions, shall attempt to substitute the empire of terror for that of morality. I trust that there will be no occasion to carry into effect this my tixed determination; and that, having ones more sacrificed myself to the good of my subjects, I shall find in their loyalty and affection, and in the blessings of Providence. the only reward which I desire for my exer tions. Palms of Belem, Oet. 6, 1446. (Signed) The QUEEN, Marquis DE SALUANII A, ViPoOUlit OLIV I ERA, Don MsNota. ' DE PORTVOAL, JOCE JACINTO VALENTE FAItINIW. ..t I,:::sordeaccottanatas oofrommplLeteisbo. n l , t ae w late otil:proboi.tht ~. slow that the movement which pi a * ti 4 st askimas in power, can scarcely, f ee t h e , t o be sustained by force, and the fidelity c e i n the provinces could not be depend e d e . leaders refused submission to the new er Previous to the departure of the Cvd eteoie intelligence had reached the capital. despatch from Oporto brought the alumnae- t.t2 the Duke of Terceira, who was a ppctite7 governor, had been arrested, and that th ele : try did not possess th e confidence of the was also reported that Count Anta ll , ece ~..Q the northern provinces, h a d refused the ke posed to him by the Queen, a n d rte ,..., troops under his command to Brag a , 1 ,1;: e " c Do lai n m p e edro d a . regency in th e name of the yo 4 From a journey I have just mads 4ar ip I have come to the conclusion that the troat s ,a a ..ery France is not so alarmi ng as i t h as beet ---",,nss yet it seems of sufficiently grave a c h aroetes to publicista and statesmen. 1:p to sh e sonti ei Cain activity has prevailed among the woini a ,, A _ ll lt being in demand. The manufacturer sr e ',,;""W still, nor is the circulation of their produce laying down of the line, of railway girgslk great number of hands, and contributes to average of eateries. Yet it cannot and must b e " . ` app roach of the winter sewn is la k i d„k diminution in the work o f t h e manufackr.-' the natural consequence of such dim' 5i,,7 161 proportionate decrease in the price of lab Ont , earcums•ances, such a decrease would be of litn e ,,,Z , for the savings which the wor k man may lap favourable season would help him to cone i54L,,,711 But the dearness of bread is calculated t o wa cautions which are generally sufficient, sad 14 - 1 1 .,_ will be marked by great autThrin g , and pat es manifestation, to which the riots of the P .a tome may be but a prelude. The rn • • have, as you are aware, voted funds for Su • indigent families. These funds will b e given to the poor in the shape of tickets, by be enabled to obtain brand at a price below tie '" the municipality paying the difference. Taks ig s, T, the population in the great town s as t h e q u , 7 smit s ,,, these measures will act during the 100 d ayse h4,7 five or six hundred persons will be kept from T O sacrifice will not exceed four or five million's( 11 11 , best form of public charity is that which bears tkis i „.; character. The impartation of foreign oulaii i ; taro degree fill up the deficit in this jest's ha sot - 1 fortunately the same wants exist generally nig.' the excess above the demand in the United at ia 7,,l Crimea is not sufficiently large to satisfy all p in i'' add that government seem to ha% e no lutanist( ing the present corn-laws, in order to give aam i t i importation. The spirit of monopoly rang kk to prevent it from showing itself more pe os id e i: humane. The price of bread h as not wemoi-; the lan fortnight in Paris. In Alum a dial, Lion had taken place, but at Rheims towns bread is sold at a higher pries 16 ; 4 , ever reached since thirty years. /h e ry=ea • are those which suffer most ; in s ome not been sufficient to last the grower a week. Bel ot situation of France is another dark feature Stine The revenue, indeed, is increasing, but *di sk been paralysed by the coolness between p France. Every species of security is falling in an te the depreciation continues, a crisis any be opeei l winter. From henceforth, it is hopeless to nine* taking new railways in 1847, and amonge thinks need by the chambers, that between klulham and that of Caen, will remain in embryo. hint ful whether the western company will ems 4, endeavour at present, and as to the lia d and Lyons, and Avignon, they ben b in limine. The best companies, is file al the Northern, the Lyons, and the Strasbeog, a necessity of funds, As far 1311/C.l a state citlis the public mind is filled by the prelude of new& to bo waged between the partisans of the pail and the defenders of liberty of exchange. a I htla letter I will give you some details on the projects/ is , now in course of preparation by the Mirustrs, usts the dispositions of the two parties between 'lnd ira men are attempting to steer in marten of Itioll ever may be done, one thing is certain, and Manila in our tariffs. Sir Robert Peel's example will bee I t even on this side the Straits; for tie days of mama are numbered, and it has exhausted the pane:Aden, You will no doubt have remarked that tie sers journals are not unanimous in their judgment on rinf•i! of Spain. The National, which is the organ dile limn party, openly blames the marriage of Mani Montpenster, which it eensiders as a dynode The Sii , ck, organ of the moderate gauche, I sitk favourable to the marriage. The Coutihdionalt the loft centre, is perhaps more opposed than theS even the London Timer. This disagreemint Mss Stick and the Constieulitmnel, two wpm 'bidet in be nupt u ar n a i iat ted pvw ,i i s uu se nn ri to, o d u too s u ; bb b et u re- t im th esp e atart e i lree il:h ied con.d. am ot ra/ ab i a f th l4. , opinion in France generally is in favour of the Seek FRANCE.—THE MINISTER OF COMM THE QHLETION OP PEACE OR WAR.—A f end to was given to M. Duchitel, Minister of the seder constituents, at Archiac (Lower Charente). Ilinsa delivered ha,s the following aph iu reknit 1. preservation of peace :—" et, gentlemen, DO (ego exists around us. Deice ifso indispensable to tans of all, and the progress of civilbation now loam amongst all nations, that, whilst enjoying its beadle present moment, we must feel assured of the asset: future." SALE OF THE JOURNAL L' EPOQUE.-1: prietors of l'Epoque, at a general meeting hells' day, have dissolved their society. This journal iii!.. up for sale by public auction. If in the sole there hi the government bounty of about 1,6001. a mouth, sam , late proprietors, ready purchasers are sure to he la is generally believed that M. Emile de Girardiu dies editor of La Presse, will be one of the bidden. , THE KING OF THE BELGLANS. — A letterf Milan, dated 12th October. informs us, that "Mel the Belgians, who has been for some day s in Louie just left the Lake of Como, eel route for Paris. Ibis• the strictest incosoito. SWITZERLAND.—The announcement s death of Colonel de Chateauvieux, in the Greene , proves to be erroneous. He is likely to recover Is wounds. ITALY.—A weekly journal, to be called& tensporatteo, is announced for publication at Rose 1 the immediate sanction of his Holiness. It is to bee' devoted to the investigation of questions of trade. z and political economy. GElLNlANY.—According to accounts homy an improvement has taken place in the health of del. of Hungary. BERLIN, Our. 10.—The King of Prussia is i indisposed. The Councillor of Justice, WeenU i Berlin for Posen ; he is appointed to lead the paw , the trial of the Polish prisoners. According toss's mince, any witness who refuses to appear on Moil to a fine of twenty rix-dollars, or eight days' isrer M. de Zawisja, who sought a refuge abroad attack' Lion of 1830, and who was arrested, accused of II"° a part in the late insurrection, has been set at Liter' SILF,SIA. BRESLAC, OCT. 6. The sa have received instructions to name guardians totked- 4 issue of marriages concluded by M. Romp, as sector are illegitimate, as are also the children. The setoff; is not even tolerated. Marriages are only valid wits by a minister of a faith acknowledged by the State. GOrrINGEN, OCT. 12.—We arc looking foE' • melancholy winter ' • the distress smong the pa t ' great, and yet the harvest is but just over. Ro l and other benevolent persons at Gottingen an 10 0 .r' potatoes, in order to sell them to the poor at comer' low prices. But all such measures are imufficien 9 the impending distress, so long as the fatal branch die: wantonly destroy the precious food of thou' thousands of indigent poor. A distiller at MortSts: to have already bought up potatoes to the amount oft 16,000 rix-clollars ' and at Gottingen immense MIM ' 1 this moment filled for the same purpose. ig —et DENMARK.—COPEN HAGEN, OCT. ';',... morning of the Bth the hoisting of the flag 0I I .•- St. Nicholas announced that the Herta (Dower ment steamer) was in sight, and crowds streasse di . „ the quays. The Princes and Princesses assemer. landing-stain, accompanied by all the civil ma,! authonties, and their majesties , the King. sad T Denmark, were received with loud cheerio!. P" . where 04 ' panted by the people to the royal luslam, d u e and warn continued until his majesty appeared on and heartily thanked them. A procession of I'd" " citizens, headed by bands of music, proceeded U' . palace ; a deputation, headed by Professor Nielies e the palace, and the professor made an address , majesties. Their majesties then appeared on the balc o the procession struck up • chorus in their honour, 0 gave three cheers, which his Majesty graciously oar', fhe king was evidently moved, and the sheen we e The following is the reply of the king to th .... Nielsen (which portrayed in glowing langnstre t he ki l, of Denmark since the accession of the present ....t the patriotic endeavour of the king iss Me a l.‘:: Germany) :—" Be assured that I deeply feel the !T . which you have conveyed to me. 1 look upon.tr., festatioes of the love of the people as an cap e` . sel ro: opinion. Loyalty to the king, mutual lo re 15!'_...,, , and people, are the best supports for universor, and the Almighty will shed his blessing on universe s , union, and on my endeavours for the haFFW w "i. people." The king addressed the people. s i , " Thanks to the good citizens and inhabitaa _ which has who have given us so hearty which has so greatly rejoiced our heart. _.;., love is a kings noblest reward. Once ra re oeive my heartfelt thanks, with the * fumy... tI am again to be in the midst ":., y m a l l subjects of Copenhagen, who have so ma t 1 0 my . —His Majesty has appointed C o Cnminil, of Emkendorf, president of the to °, 1 dating from lit November neat; and Count C har_ r , low-Criminil, altaelk' to the embassy at Li•bou rt D . .° to the Colorise Gazette there was a c urrent reps) • * ........_