The Express. — London, England, 1849-03-10 00:00:00

ADJOURNMENT OF THE HOUSE. Upon the lawns of Lord J. Reeartu, it was agreed that the Men at in Ala; shool.l adjourn to Monday neat. NAVIGATION LARB.—ADJOURNED DEBAT& Upon the °Weir of the day 1 clog read for the mooed read ing of the Navigation Bill, Mr. BERMES t aid that in the Aimee of his t obis friend (Lord J. liaossers), to wbc.se champ a petitivn iron Liver pool spirt this repeal of tile navigation laws had beg en trilwei, it fell to his lot to portent it. He was afraid he was *Wale to lift it—(a laugh)—bat he could assure the house Aid it was a mans of great importune. Tire right hoe. amber home panted the notice of the here to ea Larose ale tipinehmeets on the 090- and solider these coetained Se podia end ' , pawn. 'The leas keeled lustily on 11.111%. VOillaillSOlie beadle, end the henghter berate =Ng IS Major Beredied rising her bellied Mr. Morriss, blame s at full mold' sushiltippakesd with a strength Wang it wpm the kW, where, by tgwiversui sessest. It was allows' to he for some ininate., at the expintisa of which It was removed haw of the °Mame. Mr. HIMMIEB stated that it was a prides from the is !Altana gemselly of Liverpool, l e d ee hums n ot 114,700 prietth sad that it earnestly the hums not to peas the WM dr the repeal of the sergehea laws. The LOUD MAYOR aleo unsealed &wry weighty petition hem the meninsh. shipowners, Mime% serer , and others of the City of Lids., oaks the rapid of the aav i ltat in ' kw. The Wei. 20,767 la number. Helen basked then, and was enabled to state AVM known knowledge Inlay of the s'goatoret were three of the seer respectable inn in the Ci y. and that the Wake was to nary respect entitled to the mart Tapered consid.ration el the home. Mr. F. O'CONNOR begged to ask the right hoa. gentle man who had prorated the Liverpool petia, sad auo the ion.who had presterd the or from the City of Loof peatlemen a. Idaho( they were acqualated with the agna te:eels them derezrate, and knew this. to be punier (Leif inegbfir.) M. MIMS egissi the wldeentell debate by saying that ho nee tie the wpm et ',petit g th• farther progress el the hill then beim* the be.,, led that lie should canna& he tonne that it be read a seemed due that day sir months. Wbb the =te which he (lb. Herrin) entertaited ups the he could not allow the bill to paw fsae anatbee stow; but it wit his intention tow to state his tolineisse le It tranvis order that the house might see Its demmite, awl net oaths it to pan any farther. (Wear, hear.) The Merin et gate sines the yeelponement of the NI WS year lei been *Waal is Jab-anion. It hsi unins ileanneale, end, above all, It bad an ouremiest to be gent to peeks apin juslym ta, t, which was hig he athenaeum nthig a sweet en aad is us eight finlike w fle et the (motion. Then was a Wide, width bat : e s the late bed ihe thesign mien span the sulest. They bed resolved eetheisithatists from Came, teeth leg the et the nemonn. They hod bed also, es he been, ea napalm inatlient ken all pub of the eventri, he. kegs makes d the = bee, hem towns et tete, gni hem e Me bail is his hind a NM only of the plume inn whine petitions it hal beet presented. Teem were Dual.., Belfast, oath, itemiseind, Pen men. Purred, flumes, Leith, Ulties., Glasgow, owl Polak*/ • panties had ales meemetel hem the skstragellidtbe ta.mtial wend, _sigma by sins 21.000 pwone, esi there bed nue hem Limpid a met remark alb C:M ais slissi by 24 ,7 00 poems, tot ship-owning, net intediately et sonetwily involved by nun et blared is the quidet at Yens ; but it had mete bet the biebitants fittest'', sad it stated that the unthaws viewed " with alms the promos of the Lettthisenn through the haws," and it prayed that might net be repealed. (Hoar, hear.) He desired ea the prawn cumin to Manes himself to the priseiple of the Wl', the details baneg beta very fully attend st in the muse of the lad outdo& The right hon. geamon (Mr. Lubeutheue) who !abetted the IMMO had rested his eartments shinty ups. three meta points ; sad he had pat them forward as his ioducemente te the been to take the subjoin into its innawliste causideretion. and to accede to the propesitim he laid before then. His first sad greatest llombidea was the ease of Camelia. He W else and upon the knee, by ream of the slate of the Wert Indies, to pas some meseure of tide dandpliet as speedily as pout ; and he bad told bin neemben that there wen halm pewees prating so eleseyV the atheledot to the prbileipie white we now ex dent* i, end tes ieit it bee... tae INM es es squ a t ; if not i l e o to the danger of refodE ms tkelr ansumde. W ri t her, lest) New, these three be weal make • von to dines* of before preessiel mo whet he mat all the real quantum la the nee. And first with respect to Clunk. There het beta a prevalent impremics last Deaden that all Camels owned to he in a lame, as it were, tar the abnegation et rho navigation laws ; sad it would elm, hem the esunmaintien twined sad laid apse the table, that that tarots. ins bens on by the docanents. BIM be (Mr. Vendee) believed the eight hon. gettlemes was not in ponession n all the papers in the sultan. Ho guano* to say taut the as of Cams& was good for nothing as a ground for the repeal ef the navigation laws, because now, after the laps of a year, a state of ants was revealed there, the very reverse of what was conveyed to the here. Lam year puipees aanouneemente were made reopening the Board et Trade et Gunn, and the opinion of the governs et our Nark Amines& provleus. The hone wow that led to mum that the ai eat masses et Canada Wait 'nonsked the belief that their main terbium wee the ending navigation laws. But it had since emu to light that a majority of the Board of Trade at Quebec were die tinetly of a contrary opinion—that they did not pray kr a repeal of the navigation laws, but that they did pray for a reetoratioa of protection. (Hear, hear.) Ptfty-three of them out of 72 had signed a declaration to that effect. The Board of Trade at Montreal likewise had ant a petition signed by their president, praying for pro bation and for discriminating duke, and to that petition the question of the mitigation laws was very tly leached. A rano/nitrates had oems from twelve the board, to the effect that they disagreed with these senti ments; and this brought a loser hen the mob body, in whisk dilly declared in the etztegensume that they adhered to their stylisation for proteedme, tad slated that they were embed to • repeal of the navigation laws. This was signed by II motbses, there being la all 103, of whoa thirteen were absent from the colony, and eight refund a subscribe the damn*. But there had been • ry kegs meeting hand at Einditot, in Cattle Wet, width was suemoned by penis, favesieble te a meal of the neripillsw law* ; an amethanint.bowever,was mond num the night' prepution, smiting aiathineatwas carried by • ar4sefiVetille 1. (Cheers kai the pestsethnists.) The oOtiet ef *a am•stbri a r, ea that abiwiessent et the aavignies laws, es as Catede was nueereed, wadpmw lust disastrous to its pesspenty, by einuelling ite bdasbiem inhabitants le tom =fareigeme,_ wham neetreee preziraity te the coost - weeM give boa at imam superiority, me aning then, while they minded (besibm 'Upping hem the nevigniendthelewaleKte penes themshent die leads et Omsk est le lake whatever month tile= est of the ersalley. (Meamiel thus btu the peeleMinista ) The repeal of the sanystion laws wadi give to the tinted States a imp peportion of their prelate, et whisk there wire me thsekeleating duties. Not any he, but the con dition as mania canal and Weal staaq ui ate ouch better, wkik it was at all limes inprell iar i to tee Manned to Camels. West ladle, W he we ed nd diodes the question by hating that they too had every talon mad had 111101111 the disynitisa te the repeal of tin nevi =laws, as thetruith M e their intonate by the intro of ebve grow sugar. He ant muse to the meet miens of tho n points Inielei es by At eight hen. Rudman the President of the Buell el Trade— =the aublee s denudede of !snip mien le aid the greelnunt wat thr i ljggta k atby that wadi banishes the Neneof sellwriwarbs Weibel their imne astennemmit Aegean ineepsolive et vet when Mk= metal db, sad whitest the attest Must of ether =ism We were el Smr to get rid et ter usviption laws on the inened that they 'spiel our ammo ' • bet we 101 as right to eik any other state to milieu te esa nein, ant yet nth wea the nano adopted by barajlp's nimillin. Beit what woe the result ? Why, after lupe el sin meethe. War the qesteles kat tally fille• temsoi le that haw, all ear Muth set_ Oink set the guesninent et tee liquthr, hat dunned to give theft went le the eileglen of her Mejsety's mthimes' views. The van fiejully of them replisd, ea beteg asked what they weal "We will ut tell yea now." (Hear, hear.) But hell bun the mew et the Gonna states. What hail they ere Wrist te Freida ? Nothing. Per that she could give no answer until the astral genitment ad Germany was este bliehoL Ruth inspartly an neeption. having stated that she wend tr. The United States, at aft Mum world se samwer. The answer of Austen (width the right tudemon reed it the French =eel whisk dlemdbed as Treeless end angry), le *emu es Mu of Prussia—ohs send tom say mil the Goes NEW genrusett woe alablithed. The bet atawen—the =Mahn eat of all—was that lielylut. Übe e ins tine i to pealtive—the woad sot serve their peewee at all—sho trimly , th said, " No wi ern ow to the irAti and na justly el ec Isignot." Having reed the sewer In tat et the i sainliner the eight MR. gendiEllell faked what they gelesa m t , They now knew habithead t hataren weal met their poled*, mad were thoy to aS a k sa sir ten the* seemed to thensolves the light el NMI 'l4= thustettables whisk retired le Ombra he it ? had had an sawyer from Frame, 'thas whit wain meld he .era or civil it Mem, but awe dentin la to their peti. Ito= my Mosey _dada; fact thin Preate, t W ea ms: Onnamy laid remait hula to the of the genessent ear tits ennues made to then aneleise he wend be their homer le blew c. 1114 (1111 f, liar.) It agyeamml the. that thb hello eterwpseinee muted la wise am Whits. It had pined hen Majesty's minds= it Bib ellemsaa, that =me me huger in the panties theywere it lest you they enuntainted with these tangs purse; of free 'ebbs their owe emu% _smi have these powers as they th ose. They lei mins& to then he an answer, end their saw wet Set Outsold not now sa y w h a t they wont Is. With auk gnats, hese sod reason could he therefore ea une the hew te Igen to his menu kw ruin thh MI that by six nisnas. Ho new tame to whet was the nal p sesnoa at he.. lb. Vidaal buss Wei and a lay within narrowest temps es lb. was Emu. bind ea the ate hang that the env laws bad vented to this country, in a water degree than could otherwise have been done, her large cosemetcial marine ; that that large commercial marine was sub,idiary, and Many so, to her greet naval power ; and that therefore. tor the sake of maintaining and encouraging that great power, and of supplying it, from time to time, but more cep:easily the of difficulty and danger, it would not be right nor sale to repeal the navigation laws. On theorise WA, ft was alleged that the navigation laws ted 4.lthaMens and created impediments to th e free seepsel euessems ; that they enhanced the cost of carriage of the Insissiels semi in manufactures, and thus inflicted an evil apes the esmessesial interests generaliy. It was, more wow' eeMended by NMI that a great mercantile m arine wwereMe aseineuy to a peat naval power. (" Bear, hear," and " )At hest, was asided by th hon. gentleman who we the head w ind front of tes this gre a t busi neis—the bee. member for 8:oks. Some gentlemen did not go hubs to that extent, but yet contended that He _ nevi laws were not instrumestal fa promot ing the and extension el a etweial memo ; and thembee fist them laws might be dispemed with with. lamb.i, that mdse. 'llmi was, fa het, • ba al SAWA 11•111•• prodesed by these laws; sad se th ese se *see pnersodersted, the Bulged= laws t be gamma se theepted. He would ant deal wi the that a measntile ma. rise was not sesemary lee the omen of a great naval marise. He was at a lees M imagine low nay one could rasintais this prepuitim. The navigation laws unities tnaably assired to this ornatry the exclusive pos. serica of a vest iatentational mad estosisl teethe, and also the tuffe with the large non-maritime poen re of Euro, • How could it be esotesdod that the pries* of goods would be reilemed b this asseran, ohm that reduction was made in themes o f tank. ; end bow euld that be done except by Wm introduction el new snow iton ? Undoubtedly the laws bad a restrictive effect ; bat this =v.: mast insentiderable comparedwith tie edam fm[e of earemagieg a great stermatile marine. Mr. Palmer ems asked if be bad experienced any injury hem the operation of these laws. He an 11111111•111 i is the negative. Mr. Robinson said he knew meddleg about the operation of the.. laws ; they never inter heed with him. The reply of Mr. Mocatta was to the some effect. Mr. Russell Elliot did not anti cipate any relief front the repeal of the nar in tros laws, and said he bad telt no inconvenience from their opntics. Mr. R. Davidstn, Mr. (fillies, Mr. Robert Brook, and Mr. John Bore, and several other emi nent mershants had all enswered to the same 'Out This was the strewn genethie testimony that thee, laws did not injure leads,—.fat simple than any other evidence that could he addessel. (Hem, bum.) . _ It then laws were once aban doned. thepumuneuesuld never main resume the armour whids they supplisd. Independent of the reason and Justin el the pthishde be bed advocated, these laws W s le eisliniM se mesatial to the support of a great Men& Ea bad met andertaken to plead the cause dam! itemst ; Air, post and haportant as it was, it was etch ribeedinths M lie gebeipis ha ad on the considera tion et the em; but the wain mined the shipowners of this entany, and thus senneendi that vast intermit, ought te Nay the land d enverameat in this new and ruh experiment. That immense intend employed capital to the extent of set ism than 60 et 110 =Mime, mid in wages not less then I employed 30.000 artifloers and werkesen, enabsseed a temp elm 3,900,000 tons of ve•le la beithglag teals wintry, whisk were manned by 250,000 esamim. 1 met lowest he bad hitherto kept out of sight i bet he amid net oval ' , oh the fact that the govern ment were now about to destroy, if they could, another of eve mans faiustriee—about to deal with the sea se they Ind dab with the land. (Cheers from the protectionists.) The tight boo. gentleman concluded by moving, as an mend =that the bill be read a second time that day six The ameadnent having been seconded, and the question Pei, Mr. J.WILSON said, that without undervaluing in any de grees lb...Mahn of the enlightened, important, and influential hod lesediests of the City el London, especially when by am :3 16s etreag agreed= from the merchants el Leaped, In be Awed es say that the petition dram Lenden, signed by 131,000ce 28,000,in so large a pepeledea seals set be tam es say centinsive evident, of unnesesid spiders ea the qualm nadir discismion. (Hee. brit.) The right bee. sondem* bed made a sem ' whet milk espreesnlation al the eintbamis exp: set til the Omaihns. Me had alleged that the piths rea be Oh loess but year had bean in a great degree negatived by dims oubesgaont reesitrici, and that it bed bean based m a mlenm the ()when of their true intenste. H. bed in a pesthesy plated beim the Is.. this esselsm, hem the Hated - at Trade it Montreal, slimed by the president et that beard; but he ought to have Mired that that peeks kid been pushed 'gaunt by tau nt usenhuseif Ile WEL Ha bad dated that the petition mord fir peeleollea poseelly, sal only dialled lathe as 'twigs boa se a taxmatey and inesmisquestial part of thus anseenee. Bas the paper wee be ton the hem, and Ise has. members refer to it. This pelhisu by rigie was from protectioeht !surd of trade, athel, he th e repeal of navigation laws, so as N reline 011•111111 throwing open the navigation of the St. Lammas. end their second demand was tie imposition of a fixed duty ef 6e. on corn. The repeal of the navigation laws was tbseehre the first consideratiou which they wished to being Mhos the house. (Hear, bear.) Mr. HRILRIES—Reed the answer to that petition. Rear, hear.) Mr. WILSON said he wm only referring to the petition se thawing that the Caaadians were desirous of the rental of these laws. la the very day that this petition was lrld es the t ae •of the home, two ether petitions were =lfrom Canada to the same parpose. one by hie hon. , 111s tle member for Kinsale, from the Board of Trade, and the *Met frig the Board of Trade of the city of Ha- Wham These petitions mentioned the navigation laws without rehtence to any other subject. There wee also a third Maim from Montreal, and these three petitions were hawed by a papa from the legislative cumin and commons homed parliament of Canada, begging the Queen tow her inflames to induce the parliament of this coun try to repeal the navigation laws. And yet with all this evi ctinge before them of the feelings of the Canadians on this sateen they we told that the ewe of Canada had fallen to the pmemi, sod that the repeal of the navigation laws, in sed of a hosellt, would be prejudicial to the people of Canada. The eight bon. gentleman remarked that it was not the navigation laws that impeded the navigation of the St. Lawrence. There was no question that the passage be tween Montreal and Quebec was difficult, and that the in land navigation was tedious and expensive. But was that a mama why they should add to these natural impediments others of an artificial kind ? (Hear, hear.) The very fact alleged by the right hon. gentleman as a reason for restriction was the strongest argument that could be adducted for the repeal of the navigation laws. Canada had been enabled to borrow 2,000,0001. of money to men up the inland navigation to the western lakes of , America. How would the people of Canada be able to pay this loan if, after making am& for this purpose. th e/ is renzictime at the mouth of the River St. Lawrence ? tight hon. gentleman then said, " Surely the case of the Wed ladles will net be spin pat forward." He regretted that a mese mid& would bo hid on the table in a few days was mg now helm the lesese, became if it wu, the right hon. times 'mild me *ma a quarter which he would Woaaeifadmit to be of the highest authority that this ques tion. imbed tibias lulled 1.1 the West Indies, was rimng k impelamee the braw__it was goonlase_ed. Did the right lism as C ht l e m ba ta i t i lli as teeleo qu lttell a : p lar t elt e ;nd , i r e s s re w e ere nel with slam paws sugar, and when they was ia= killi deptemed slate es be admitted they were be at punt, &bete he diihred tem the right ben. • thorn as r the best made of remedytag that ? Whin the planter of British Guiana saw that Dutch meek bought sager into the British market at SR HS per tea, would he be Natoli to pay IL Ir. se 41. 10s. to the British dimmer ? (Hear.) The sha hs. paliemea end not have read_ A de masts of uhlkiseligiese be Jamaica mad ?ntal within th as e lle adnead twain maths. They were ens the empo dint tithe trade frees the flpandimain, an there was no Mai why they should met be se @pia nape the immedi ate* of the aa*ales taws. (Hear.) The eight hem per the, wei ea to review the aapplies snaked ben the entiantal pewee.. All that thin hydra powers did was le naiad them that our treaties with theta wceld ex pire ia Ink a year, and that a men Überel poky would ex be wend. The riglet hes intim= alluded to Austria. What aa Awn . say? Why that she was surprised at being Baked Vaal Aar she would reelpesete with this country, be bee,. muse she had great ram the Nksi di 'bird, an that she had enaty aill . lP S hurl Ha mow ltegged to .2.hr this tics of the to the obeendine be had r saalm a He =that numinous realms indeed why this sneesure be handseled et lids prank, time. The aka la their seesineaid tied. might be dated tram peat the y mass ear 1841. He wend thaw the greatedsmage whin the thiggitig benne disked lima the legielalisn of late, and woad NS gee himedfle a bur ef the meat balky articles of eammeres, eask as live annals, whisk hal been pain* ex eluded allegellsr from this enntay, vela. 'linim— ent& was ISS to a high duty—aerf hemp mad dm, whisk. were to a low duty. He wadi be die first in. dean man observations to the trade with ported el He In 1841 there were no live animels i t I Me this country ; la 1848 there were wpm live animals an entirely new knelt of trade, of which the British maws had the limit. (Hear, hear.) The lax and hemp _barred k 1861 antenatal to 1,700,000 *wt. ; ia IRO it NM 10 2.888.000 /Inv beige ea imam ef SOON en., se 110 pee mat to psis the impart previews to 1846 avenged 1 20000 quarters kr the La two yeses Se bends were reepelively 12,000,000 end 7,000,000 gimlets. No deabt be anerSireed. whatever eke the nein dote eeniny hakes peranler isitmente isi r t a r eassallegly Swint to the The arab was the same with regard to th e r i allennella ask. whide:eras la a peat measan a trade Inhakis whin aellaS a a mall else wen employed. Whoa the right km knead pis R. lood) shad links was pl rake, the dap as caseate, the desiandea aliaall a Mae in that bass b ut if hes. semelmee were aware of the past err eft Mids. he &mkt it weal& ad sake ma I. len. Me seesent of warmate impend was 172.018 awt.; la 18411 md4lll,oooowt. IS UMW a Ma INA kale in an intik moansively ea in =kali Lhlll week (Hear, berm aiss h o i e he import a alive oil rues Ikea 4,400 le teas is 1841 tens Let yams (Hen) Haw, with gaped to the II asks The hapset alma slant lea the United States rats bee 91,600 cwt. I. 1841 to MAIO owt. in 1848, his a very large berms. In the Isparta bum the Uaitailliatee rose hem =l2: 6l. irt. is 1841 to 8,000,000 en. in UK betas ea karma of 2,000,000 cwt. in the seem el its pen Whisk mot have called into ninon a gnat bet THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING. MARCH 10. 1849 both of Eogiish sad American vowels. (Hear, bear.) The melt was As same with regard to the trade to the m o s , their ' g a g a empire, and Ceylon. The import of eager bad increased from 4,900,090 cwt., which it wee I n 1841, to 8,209,000 islet. in 1848, bias an increase of nearl double. (Hear.) With regard to °Wee, the lecreg.e wag 57,000,000 lbs. in 1818 as compared with 43,000,000 lha 'it - 1841. Now, with regard to Australia. The importation et wool bed in • similar poperdem. Now, with regard to the timber trade, which ma** mum M urata% of ell. The whole of their timber Wren g e m British parsessiocs in 1841 amounted to 700, tam ;la 1848 they roes to 1,200,000, notwithstanding the suguagen of duty cm foreign timber. (Hear, hear.) Their Raise trade with the whole world amounted to 950,000 bade la 1841 ; In 1848 it Increased to 1,850,000 loads, so thee she trade increased nearly double under a reduticomf bay, Whilst the restrictions of the navigation laws remained asthey's/sm. The right hon. gentleman made light of the ievitatisa of America, end the threat of Russia, that oar treaty maid expire in 1852. He (Kr. Wilson) admitted that if no better reason exited for the repeal of the navigation laws than the invitation of the United Butes and the threat of Rustic, no ground would exist far this measure. But there were weighty reasons for their repeal, independently of such con siderations. The more, indeed, the effect of theme laws upon the shipping interest and eommerce:of the country was in quired late, the more abundantly would reasons, exclusively *Mimi and imperial, appear for their repeal. (Hem.) It was only last year that house was induced to paw a OSMIUM foe admitting the refined sugar of the continent into this country, on the payment of duties calculated in propor tion to the duties charged on raw sugars admitted here. The sugar refiners of this country complained bitterly of the injury done to them in being excluded from the privilege of taking in cargoes of foreign surer introduced into the ports of this country. It was a restriction which that house would net be ab'e to continue, if, whilst they exposed the :sugar refiners hero to competi tion with the foreign refiners, who had all the advantage of impor.ing sugar from the plus of growth in the cheapest ships, they did not concede a gimlet privilege to them. This was only one of a numb-r of trades that complained is the same way. It appeared, lemma, from the report of the House of Lords committee, that the leading shipowners of this country were of opinion that the exist hes laws were of no great importance, for all the mischiel was already done that could be done. Yr. Richmond says of the navigation laws, " They are com pletely mutilated. I was not aware so little of them is left se there is." (Laughter.) He was speaking of the long-voyage trade—the trade with America, with which they bad a reciprocity treaty. It was only by recipreeity that they had that lonkvoyage trade. Mt. Young held the same laisge as Mr. Richmond, and he (Mr. Wilson) thought born these gentlemen were right. The navigation laws, as they now stood, were of little importance to the Bri.ish shipowner, With whom was it that the British shipowner did not now compete ? He was now speaking of the folioyof the Bulge tioa laws, and the policy of these laws in the long-voyage trade was that the ships of this country and the ships of the country with which they traded should bring the produce of that country to this country. That was the policy of the original law. What was the effect of this, but to lain the British shipowner into competition with the America* ship owner in his own country, in his own market, where all the local advantage was on he side and against the British ship owner ? (Hear, hoer.) Were he to send a vessel in search of a freight of cotton to New Orleans, he would have to compete with the American shipowner, who had all the foal advantage, and who might be connected with the port from which the cargo waste come. That was the OW in every part of the world. The British shipowner had to compete with the Prussian in Prussian ^twt% and with the fipeoldi is Cuba. (Hear, Dear.) Let It be tecollected that this hap theaeaed very laity of the navigation laws. (Hea t, lleU , then, the British shipowner is able to com pete with. the American in his own market, and with the Prussian in the Prussian market, why should he be afraid to compete with both in neutral markets ? (Beer, beer.) Why could they not compete with them ? There was alma dant evidence collected during the last two years, that U there was any place where ships could be built cheaply it was is this country, U quality and everything else was taken into account. (Hear, hear.) The evidence given by Mr. Mtwara, • reddest of New York, who had been is this country last year, was clear upon this palm. There was no evideses that there was • decline in the shipping trade of this country. The tonnage owned by the United Kingdom in 1827 was 2,480,503 ; in 1844 it was 3,637,231 tons; in 1846 it was 3,817,112 ; and Ia 1818, 3,952,629 tons. (Hear, hear.) In the debate of last year the hors. member far Bukinghanultire contradicted a state ment made by him with regard to the total tonnage dewed inwards and outwards. He mated that the British tonnage cleared inwards and outwards in 1824 was 3,484,863 ; foreign 1,606,148; in 1846, British, 8,688,148; forties, 3,727,438, being en increase in British tonnage of 5,233,295, and of foreign of 2,221,290 tons. In both indium, he (Mr. Wilson) was quite correct in his figures. (Hear.) It appeared to him from thew flute that the more the British shipowner was brought into competition with the foreigner the better it would be for him. U this country could stand the teat of a comparison with America fa the income of her foreign ship ping, he thought it would show there was but little danger to the shipping interest of this country when all the advan tages of America were taken into emideration. Mamie= tmnegu he Mears trade wee ia bean. 1517 747,110 1044 1,046,764 Inman 43 per ant. United Kingdom : T. 1627 1844 1,617,t11 Imam 44 pot eat. Ites. Intreele—Ammieen 911.1C4 Inideb 1,178,731 He would sow compare the tonnage of Amerissa ships and British ships entering into American ports, and the re sult would show that the British ships had increased more than the American In their own ports. The tonnage of American ships entered inwards into American ports In 1827, was 918,000 tons ; the tonnage of British ships enter im American ports in the same year was 101,000 tens. In 1844 the America* tonnage increased to 1,977,000 tons, whilst the British incroused to 768,000 tons, beteg an in crease of 110 per cent. on the tonnage of American ships, and of 630 per east. on British tonnage. (Hear, hear.) It was hardly pomade to find too trying a test of the power of British commerce to compete with that of any country in the world. When the result was so favourable in competing with a nation of so much energy and capital as America —with a country of such vast extent, and • rapidly inerearng popu lation—he thought there could be but little danger to the British shipowner from any part of the world, (Hear, hear.) He bad shown that in the long voyage trade the shipping interest of this country c •uld not be said to have any advan tage with respect to the foreign trade. He did no speak of the colonial trade. (Hear, hear, from the opposition.) Well, but he had shown them that the colonies considered the re etriotion of the navigation laws mss great a burden that they could no longer bear is, aid that the West Init.. and Ca nada were crying out a g ainst it. It was inconsistent with the 'Merest tif the eelesim that the navigation laws should be lay Maier mitialsei Bat with regard to that trade of whisk the askeihn had se right to complain, they did MIN into eesspetitiou with other countries under dr eamless= unfavourable to the British shipowner, and un favourable tleaugh the 'operation of these very navigation laws, which we. pored to protect him. (Hear.) The Bri. tisk shipowner wee subjected to this disadvaatage, that he had to tend out his vessel to foreign °pantries with balled, ait bat partially laden, because the goods sent in the outward mega were Ism balky than those entered inwards ; but the Beata stairslitote came into this country with bulky goods, which gaveldni an advantage. They bad the advantage is the trade in their goods, bemuse the British shipowner would have to compete for the timber cargo in rhombi with the Pruden owner, for the cotton mugs in an American port wi h the American owner ; wilt regard to the continental trade,they prohibited, in order st=ese this long voyage trade, the import of any of these breathe sentiment of Europe By that they did not WWI their own shipowner, but they protected the shipowner of the United States, and of every other emit, with whisk they had direct communkatka. (Bear, bear.) Thus they protected the forei gn _ eldp • emus as ebe injecy of the English owner. That woe exempilied in the wen-known ease of the vemeel which arrived Is Ham laden with cotton at the time when the sandatio, broke out. (Hear , _ hear.) The owner was deirres of bring!*[ the sago to Liverpool, bat he could not de it. But Uit been an American ship coming directly to Liverpool there would be no difficulty in the matter. The right ion. gentleman made a great many observations to the *videos' Rives before the House of Lords' com mittee, and he mid that some of the largest shipowners found it inspossitie to discover any inconvenience which moment of the navtlatien laws. Well, there was the ease with regard to hides. M. Any, a most respected. merchant In the City of Loadoe,tregli. with South America in giving his evidence stated ia theatent general way that no inconvenience was ezpsrimend from the operation of the navigation laws. Further ea be said, is Islay to a question, " The instances of ineemembsee are so Ow that I may my generally that no insonvgalimais are wed " He went on to state. h owever , gag be Woad( MI imported in an English ship a quantity of Wee diem Saudi Alileita, which ooght to have been leaded at Owes, bat as the proprietor of the other part Mthe aerie obese to mad the ship to Antwerp, his bides were leas. at Antwerp instead of Cowes. (Her, hear.) He added that he applied to the Board of , and had a hag correspondence on the rail tot with Sir G. Clerk, and after all he was obliged to sell his hides at a loos at Antwerp, instead of selling them, as belied expected to do, at a considerable profit in London. (Hear.) This was the gentleman who said that no Inconveniences Mewled the working of the navigation laws. (Hear, bur.) Thaw were disadvantages to which the trade of a great country like this ought not to be exied. Bat what did Mr. Gray propose as a ears for this evil ? Why, be said that all goods which were sent from foreign countries to the continent of Europe, or id ships whose dewnauoe was aseertain, ought to be accompanied by eertilleates ststina whether they were or wens not intended for the Mid* market, end that if accompanied by certiticatee that they were intended for that market, they might be landed on the continent of Europe and afterwards allowed to come into this eeontry. Now, he would ask the right hon. gentleman whether in such a MO all the eoffee shipped from death America, and all the sugar shipped from Java, would not uniformly be accompanied with c.rtiflcates to seem their admission hose? Would not what was euggeeted be • mere clumsy evasion of the law ? Well, then, hi might be told that be had made oat too strong a ease— th at U the navigation laws conferred no benefit upon the shipowner, they could indict so Injury es th e consumer. However that ebleetiee Welt be urged, he May could not conceal kis opiaiaa that the smogs rate of freights was not mind by the operation of the invitation laws. After •loalg and careful study of the sabjest, beigaldbring himself e 4 to believe that the British shi sided on the average a higher rate of freight restriction, any possi more than the Engli h mastufaaturer i= be benefited by en import duty on calicoes, whilst he was a large exporter of them. Bat he might be asked, " what Injury, then, du the riavigetion laws inflict ?" It had been said, and he thought ' very fairly and properly, that the injury arising from those I laws was much more real than apparent. Every now and then there were bad harvests ; there were unexpected dill scones in the grain crops or the sager trope, causing a gad den and unusual demand for shipping ; - and on such occasicaa, end in such emergencies, the freights of British ships were higher than these of other countries; and two years age they were obliged to aband. n the navigation laws in order to allow foreign ships to bring corn to this country on a peat emergency. It was on such accidental occasions that the navigation laws became a peculiar burden. But did the high freights which British sl,ipownen received at nub periods do them any good ? He believed that nothing said be more detrimental to the real interests of the shipowner" of I this country than the oc-urrence of those accidental peke of high freights, for they were invariably followed by wadi a great supply of shipping that thus was a ruinous MOW ti.in, which generally lasted for two or three years. (Hear, bear.) An hon. gentleman shook his head; he would therefbre refer to a few facts. Darin, the lest twenty yeah there had been two periods in Par ticular of extraordinary demand for shipping 'swede& by sionspondirg depression. He would begin with 1821. In three years, commencing with 1821, the average tonnega of the ships built was 76,000 tons per annum. In 1824 there erne very great speculation in shipping, and in suer queue of the sudden large importation of various corn modiues, the shipowners received high freights. What was the result ? Why that in the two succeeding years, instead of ships being built annually to the extent 0176,000 tons, the hosiers of new vessels was 205,000 tons. What followed? A period of 4 years, during which there was the greatest depres sion amongst shipowners ever known is 34s country. In the three years from 1829 to 1831 th e 'tonnage of ships built was 115,000 tons per annum. The position of matters went on gradually improving until 1836, and in the threo years ending 1837 the average ship building was 182,000 tons. But let the house mark what followed. Every one remem bered the bad harvest of 1838 ; every one remembered the importation of 3,000,000 quarters of foreign corn in 1839, and the difficulty which wss experiercd in obtaining British ships to input corn in that year. Further, every one re membered—for every . one had felt year after year since that period—the inoonvesuences which resulted,the disarrangement of the money market, the impouibilil or feeding the popu lation, the gloom and despondency in all directions. The shipping interest was the only interest which flourished at that period. And what was the result of its prosperity ? In the next two years, instead of 182,000 tons, no less than 319,000 tons of shipping per sawn were built. He would however, ask the hon. gentleman, whose position in the City of London enabled him toproaounce an opinion(Mr. T. biting) if he remembered such • period of depression as that through which it pseud in 1812 and 1843. He remembered being in Liverpool at that time, and it was a souston observation in that town, that there never had been so many ships with a broomstick at their mast-head, bulb:Wig that they were for sale. The ships were, in fact,' rotting IA the docks. And how could it be otherwise ? Here was a sudden increase following a sudden demand, and when the accidental demand for the importation of corn ceased, then came the reaction. la the three succeeding yews the teenage of shipping built fell fr0m1319,000 toes weans" is 154,000. Was it desirable, he asked, that such a state et should be witnessed—that the shipping trade Told be liable to such fluctuations ? . (Hear, hear.) 1 Wei It for Ai Sill eTitgegy of sue ampc ,„„, of this country that they should have these accidental Ugh freights at particular periods, to the injury of the consumer and the restriction of commerce ? (Hear, hear,) Would it sot be much better if merchants could rn at to the ships of other countries when there was an acelental and extra ordinary demand for corn or sugar ? The suspension of the navigation laws in 1847, for example, was, he believed, beneficial to the shipowners. For had they not been suspended, such a stimulus would probably have been given to shipbuilding that tt • subsequent depression would have been greater than that of 1842 and 1843. (Hear, hear.) He thought that that system which produced the greatest uniformity was best both for those who dealt in shipping and for those who were supplied by means of ship ping. (Hear, hear.) Well, then, there was another acci dental disadvantage under which British merchants laboured with regard to the navigation laws. No one knew better than the honourable gentleman opposite (Mr. T. Baring) the iseinvenience which had at certain periods been occasioned by not allowing foreign ships to bring sugar from the ports of Mauritius end other distant colonies, however dee rable it might be to employ them; while if the demand owed, or a penisialar crop happened to fail the British vessels which had guns out were obliged to seek cargoes elsewhere at lower freights. Such accidental disadvantages might be greatly 'deleted if foreign ships were available at all periods. Now, the right hon. gentleman who had preceded him had en larged at greet length on the importance of the navigation laws, net in &commercial sense, but as regarded their poli tical influence on the defence of the country. That was a Testis into which he (Mr. Wilson) did not wish to , See at that moment. The only remark which he would make to sheens to it, was this—that, admi ting, for the moment, that the assiatemenee of a commercial marine wee essential I to the ashetssee of a royal navy—he would not then elder late as to whether it wee so or not—he world put it to the ht hon. gentleman whether the royal navy would be best supported by a system of laws which tended to increase thecomenercial marine or by one which did not. What were the facts with regard to the number of men employed now and as a former period ? He would only go as far back as 1842. He had shown the large in crease of tads which free-trade measures had brought since that period ; be would now show the increase which had token place la the number of seamen. In 1842 the entire number of men employed in the commercial marine was 1118,010 ; the number in 1847 was 242,000. (Hear, hear.) Even admitting, then, the right hon. gentleman's own pro position, that a commercial marine was necessary for the support of the royal navy, it appeared that, u free trade bad Rene on, the number of seamen had increased. Having re gard to the arguments need in that house, as well as to the evidence taken before the committee which eat in the last session, her Majesty's go vernment thought the time had come,—and he thought he had advanced powerful reasons to show that it had come—when restrictions on shipping should be abandoned, and when British r th e iping, like every other branch of industry, should be ex to healthful competi tion. The next question was ow the object was to be ac oom; lished. He believed that the government had taken not only the wisest course, but the only one which would afford practical benefit to the country. He objected to reci procity first, because it was against principle ; seoondly, be cause it was against wise policy • thirdly, because it would be found inconvenient, if not imps:nimble. Nothing could be more prejudicial to the extension of free trade principles, than the prevalence among foreigners of a notion that this country had made concessions merely for the purpose of obtaining concessions in return. To carry out reciprocity they must pro ceed on the principle of equivalents ; and, that beige the case, there was no country in the world except the United States with which they could have anything resembling reciprocity. (Hear, hear.) He admitted that there was a great distinction between reciprocity in shipping and reciprocity in produce. (" Hear, hear," from the opposition benches.) He would not evade that question. It was quite clear that if they imposed retaliatory duties on the produce of various vaunts' for the purpose of meeting duties imposed on their own goods, they did not visit the suns interests with this retaliation. For example, they sent their cotton and woollen goods to Prussia ; they received from Prussia corn, timber, and wool. If Prussia imposed high duties on their cotton and woollen goods, they could only retaliate by puttinghigh duties on the corn , timber and wool of Prussia when imported. But, them, in this ease they did not retaliate upon the same interest. The Prussian government punished the woollen mantifesturer and the cotton manufacturer of England, by imposing high duties on their goods ; and then the English legislature ecuOilied them again by imposing high duties on the raw material from which those goods were manufactured. (Cheers.) Nothing could be more monstrous than such a course of pro ceeding. If they acted on the principle of reciprocity, thLmust give perfect freedom of trade to those who gave t freedom of trade to them. They must impose • pert corresponding in amount to those which were imposed on their own goods. He objected to the adoption of the principle of reciprocity on another ground, viz., that it would introduce great practical inconvenience. He (Mr. Wilson) had spoken of the immense variety of trestles which would be required if the prin ciple of recipseity was proceeded upon with regard to manufactures and produce; but a corresponding or analo gous difficulty would arise from the adoption of that prin ciple in the ease of shipping. Very intricate and compli eated regulations would be required Smarting they found a country which was disposed to give all—they them selves would be obliged to give all. But then it must be borne in mind that there were twenty countries with whoa they already had treaties, and to whom they were bound to extend the advantages which were obtained by the most fa voured nations (hear, hear), and therefore, if thee gave new privileges to any one country they must at ones extend them to all the other countess which stood in the same polities. He objected to reciprocity, because he believed it weal" only lead to • great evasion of the law. ft Hamlstirgh or any other town 'on the aetathtont were to give this country all that it regained, and that in return its ships were placed on the ems* feeders as British ships. What guarantee would they have that a third country, which had given them nothing, would net derive the ease advantages es Hamburgh; or that the sear of Java, end the coffee of South America, would net is brought to thisoonntry Lathe ships of Hamburg ? There would be no mid to evasion ? Well, then, it was said that all the important countries with which they traded at present would no doubt enter into treaty with them, being already disposed to do so. If these important countries would give them sow all the advantages which they cold obtain from reciprocal treatise, or from the carrying out the singled" of reciprocity without treaties, what had they to fear from taking the simple course armrest's:glt navigation laws ? He considered that the great objects which the commercial classes of this country ought to aim at were the greatest possible degree of cert ai nty, end the greatest possible degree of simplicity, in their trains- I dons. (Hear.) He believed that if we relied upon reciprocity, there would be infinitely Imes certainty and infinitely greater complexity for the British merchant to enctenneer than under any other system. (Hear, hear.) The Marquis of GEANBY said, the ottaiticon was simply whether the British shipowner, unprotected, could compete with the foreigner. If the house did not think this, they ought to give this proposition a most distinct negative: There was the high authority of Mr. Mackay, in his work "The Western World," to show the country that America needed our most attentive observation in this as in other rope*. "The recourse of America," Mr. Mackay states in his chapter A Peep ince the Future, " are in every respect infinitely greater than our own:" and Mr. Mackay wu most accurate in that statement. He fully concurred UV% Mr. Mackay, that the mourns of America were vastly superior to our own in numerous important respects; but he did not agree wfth Mr. Mackay in his deduction, that therefore England must of necessity succumb to America. Nu man could doubt that the injuries which would be in flicted by the repeal el the navigation laws upon the int rests of the mercantile and marine cilium of Eogland would be very great. But in having regard to the situation of the British shipowners, it was not just to look only at those con• sideratims to which he had already referred. They must look also to the proportion of ships sailing in ballast be tween the years 1814 and 1847. In 1814 the cumber of ships entered outwards in !mint amounted to 22 per cent. of the whole number which sailed out of port. In the year 1847 this proportion was incri astd to 61 per cent. Another method of judging of the relative situa tion of British and foreign shipping in 1814 and 1847 was by looking at the average amount of foreign tomalte em ployed in the British trade in the two periods. In 1814 the average foreign tonnage thus employed was 241 per a at. less than the British tonnage employed in British trade. But in 1847 the average amount of foreign ton nage employed in British trade was 21 per cent. above the British tonnage employed In the same trade. The average increase of British tonnage between 1814 and 1847 was 134 per cent. The average increase of foreign tonnage in the same period was 259 per cent. Be hoped that the house in dealing with this important question would not forget the number of attisana that would be thrown out of employ by the repeal of the Navigation-laws. With respect to the assertion that • reduction in the pries of commodities would follow the repeal of the navigation laws, by lowering the freights from foreign parts, he must express his conviction that the consumer would get nothing. In whatever way they were viewed, the navigation laws were not objectionable. They occa sioned no inconvenience. To. freights under their operation were moderate, and the merchants said on all sides that they dreaded a repeal of them The hon. gentleman opposite objected to reciprocity on the ground that we had already complete reciprocity with foreign nations, and that they had nothing more to give us. If that were the hon. gentleman's opinion, why did he allow the government to write those letters which had been despatched to foreign nations ? To ask those nations whether they would reciprocate, when the hon. gentleman stated that they could not, was a mere fallacy and a delusion. (Hear, bear.) But het agreed with his right hon. friend (Mr. Berries) that, great as was the irjustice which this measure would inflict on the British shipowner and artisan, it sank into insignia. canoe when compared with the danger of destroying the naval superiority of this country'. He owned, for his own part, that he dreaded this introduction of foreign shipping into our colonies and into the harbours and ports of England. It put him in mind too much of the introduction of the wooden horse into Troy : TaMae Wadi* peejurique ante Mirage, Credits roe captique dolis,lscrymiaque coacti ; Qua, emus TOW; nee Ludlam' Achill.e, Nola cool domuere dean, DOG male corium. Still, he cheriehtd that feeling of patriotim—that love of country--which showed itself superior to every difficulty. Hs had no fears of the result of this great question : and, de spite the recklessness of the government, he believtd that they would yet weather tho storm which now encompassed them. Mr. CARDWELL said that the noble lord who had just at down end the right hon. gentleman who had proposed the amendment anticipated with de:p dismay the decay of our mercantile marine and the declension of our maritime Tt.;;;;;; . 4 he could not share in theif . glo . otay hangout, yet tne name natural anxiety weighed upon uum in approaching a question of this great importance. They were told by the highest authority that reel. procity was to be the order of the day. What was our position in regard to one of the most import interests in this country ? He knew of nothing more important than that which was known by the deno mination of the warehousing system, which had been the growth of recent years ; which was the tffspring of a good relaxation made in the navigation law, which had consti tuted us the great entrepot between the tropical productions of the distant world and the great consuming countries of civilised Europe. We exported the cotton of America, the sugar of the tropics; we sent all the large articles of consumption to the ports of the Baltic . In regard to Russia, we sent last year no lees than 93,000 bales ; we had the whole carrying trade of RWSill ; we bad a kegs part of the carrying trade of the Baltic. We were told that reciprocity was to be the order of the day. When the treaty with Russia had expired, when Prussia put her threats in execution, what would become of our carrying trade ? Let it be recollected that as we would not allow that the products of Asia, Africa, and Ameries, should be exported into this country except in their ships or in our skips, Rugs, when the treaty expired; Would say, the products of Asia, Africa, and America, shall not come into the pinta of Russia, unless it shall be in ships of those countries or Russian ships ; if you will not relax the system, they shall not come in. The British shipowner would thug have loot his share in the import of these articles from the tropics to Great Britain, and would have lost the entire trade as re garded the export from Great Britain. Let not this be regarded es an unimportant circumstance. As t the United State% of America, we had now recipro city with them in many important respects; • recipro city, not of friendly intercourse, but of a jealous and guarded character. Did they think it was of no importance to regard the effect of these laws as . regarded America. Thera was a great trade springing up in a new part of the world, viz., California. He errs not talking of money, but of that which was palpable, that a large trade was opening thus. He was happy to know • gentleman who was reaping the reward of his enterprise in having sent the teas of China and the sugar of the Philippine Islands to California. When the American government had established themselves in California, the clause of the navigation laws came into ope ration, and no more produce could be carried to the western coasts of America in British ships. It was important thou engaged in shipping; it was important for the coin medal interests of the country, to come to a right under standing as to this clause. Mr. Huskimon had said, be careful, on political grounds, that you do not so arrange the navigation laws se to raise np in a great country a maritime competitor. What country would carry cotton to Russia, to Prude—tea and sugar to California ? That one country of which they were afraid—that one country which, under the advice of Mr. Huskison, they had made it their particular policy not exclusively to consult. He did not know that he had ever listened with so much astonishment to any statement, as lie bad listened to-eight to the measured deli berate statement of so wise a person u the hon. member for Stamford, when he deliberately said, he thought the case of Canada was good for nothing. They were told last night, if Nu want to show captivity take the case of a single captive. ow a most respectable gentleman bad written to bias, say ing that he stood in this predicament, he bad received by an American vessel from New York, a quantity of flour. He perceived that the corn had been grown in Canada; he stated the tenth to the Custom-house officer, and his answer was that it could not be admitted, as if it were grown in America ; and this gentleman had written to him (Mr. Cardwell) to go to the treasury and endeavour to assist him. Would hon. gentlemen tell him, on what principle he was to pro tut the corn grown by the republic of the United States) against the corn grown by our fellow subjects In Canada ? Now he had been told that there was a plan devised by which this difficulty could be got over, and yet the principle could be maintained. The plan was this, you were to nationalize the produce. The corn of Canada was to be received to the prudiee of the cern of the United States by passing the large canals. Consider the ease of Canada. There was a keen competition between the Canadian interest and the interest of the United States. The Americans were nearer the sea at New York than the Canadians by way of the Bt. Lawrence, but Canada had expended large sums of money, and the government, out of the imperial credit, waisted her in making excellent navigable canals to carry the traffic by way of the St. Law rence. Notwithstanding the great distance, you could carry corn to Liverpool as cheap, by the way of the St. Lawrence, al you could by way of Lake Erie. The honourable member for Stamford had greatly lauded the saga city of the Americans for the drawbacks they bad given for the transit through their provinces. If it were sagacity which gave a bounty to the going through the district of New York, what virtue was that by which we placed a dit imaragement on the navigation of the canals ? The Canadian said, " lam not asking you for protection, I am free of the market. I have • difficult navigation to contend with—but I entreat you, do not discourage your loyal subjects,. enable them to compete on equal terms, and they will bring you produce . , grown by British subjects, to compete with others m foreign markets." Were they to refuse this reason able demand, he could not be persuaded to come to any such conclusion. A governor of one of the British colonies in 1671 (recently after the passing of the navigation bill), remonstrated against the obstruction to trade and navigation, by that severe act of Parliament, and raid, "if it were for her majesty's service or the good of the subject. we should not repine, but, on my soul, it is the contrary." And it was so, for what would British shipowners do, it by the sagacity of the Americans and our want of sagacity, all the produce of Canada went to New York, and was mini d ea t la y pa with American produce. It would shut the Wetisei Canal, and alienate the minds of the witheat enuring to the British shipowner Vat which was the only object. Now there were amemolies in the law which it was quite impossible they could allow to remain. They had made • small port at the mouth of the Danube, not actually in Austria, • part of Austria. They had made Memel a port in Olden burg, but Holland came and said T have a favoured nation clause, and if you have made, for the convenience of Austria and Oldenburg, ports, which geographically speak ing, are situated in other countries, pore of those °Gantries, for this convenience I claim, under the favored nation clause, yen shall make some particular port convenient to me, a port of my country for my convenience. America might say the same. But it was said that the evidence of the lords' report showed that ships were dearer, wages higher, and the eeriness of navigating altogether higher hare than in America. He had taken pains to make him self acquainted with the contents of the lords' report, and found an oppoidte statement. Mr. Dunbar, the chairman of the London Shipowners' Aaeooiation, said that it was better to build dear ships than cheap ships, because they lasted longer and cost ha in repairs. Another gentleman being asked whether he tbeught the English sailors superior to any in the world, said that the Amtrican crews were three-foarths English, and the Americans paid more On the whole it would be found, that the country which the greatest capital, where the rate of in terest was the lowest, the country which had most energy and enterprise, which had the command of all the markets of the world, was the country which, on fair and equal terms, could compete with others. He knew that this was a topic not always popular to ar gu e; that the compliment to the energy, enterprise, and skill, of the British shipowner, was suppovel to be insidious, but he would be e „, party to such a delusion. In 1821 there entered the porta of America, of British shipping, 52,000 in 1811, 786,000 tons. If it were a self-evident proponn e , that Great Britain could not compete with America, b ow were they to account for this increase ? He Plum that Liverporl, where ship; were expensive, competed with North Britain, where ships were as cheep es in any pan e l the world. New York, where ship-building was experm ee , competed with Spain, where ship-building was C h eep Then it ha 4 been said, never mind the commerciel wee: ment, but remember your maritime power. He artaim, with the celebrated expression of Mr. Muldoon, ta p i l l iea the maritime power came into collision with the eommerei ti interest, the commercial interest must give way. The lens. lotion of Queen Elizabeth was liberal as to navietinn, aid the glory of England was not tarnished in her reign jf h e thought our maritime power rested on the foundation of en act of parliament, passed by Charles 11., his anticipation' would be more gloomy than three of the noble lord. These arguments conclusively proved the Dennehy of change, and the necessity c f no longer delaying the settle. meat of this question by delaying it they p i . vented the application of capital and the emplejtam of industry. Thu demand for shipping would not b e thereby stopped ; the foreigner would take advantage of th e void they were creating, and a stimulus would be giveam foreign capital. Oa every ground, therdore, it was ese en u to come to a settlement of this question. There were me. malies in the existing iaw which it was impossible to detad. which the petitions even of those who objected to the bill di ll not attempt to defend, but, on the contrary, expressed a de. sire to have amended. The law being in that condition it was the paramount duty of parliament to deal wilis insm , diately—to deal with it eifecttally, not mealy or precipitately. The honourable member foe Westbury had entered into a long argument, into whine, at other times, he would have been disposed to follow him, but h e thought it the via 'r course, in this proliminvry sage, to confine himself to the simple question—mould they Ned a u progress in this matter, or should they go into committee to obtain a fair hearing for all reasonable objections to the bill, and for every consiJeration which the wisdom of the lim e might tugged, to as eventually to arrive it a satitfetsty settlement. Hr. HENLEY, after some introductory observations, is reply to previous speakers. expressed his wish to know what, in the event of a war, and this measure having passad, yerammt intended to do on the subject of impressment; for, when they were introducing a better class of men Leto the mercantile marine, some provision must be made in t h i s respect. He, for one, was not prepared to run the Ink which he app rehended would be run if the present measure were carried. Mr. GLADSTONE moved the adjournment of the debate. Lord J. RUSSELL raid he had no objection to the ad. journment, provided it was understood distinctly that the debate would be resumed on Monday, that the house went' then tome to a division, and that no further adjournment on that day would take place. (Hear, hear.) Mr. KERR was most anxious to say a few - words is ev planation of the vote he intended to give. (" Os, ob," ad laughter.) He thought that Irish members had a ne t t t o speak on navigation subjects, and he was of opiniunfrontdm manner in which this and other measures had been introduced, by her Majesty's ministers that much credit mid sot ba elven to them for deep thinking and judgment (Lod laughter, in the midst of which the hon. member saddest, resumed his seat.) The debate was then adjourned to Monday. THE AGRICULTURAL DEBATE. Mr. DISRAELI asked her Majesty's miniaten whether I !Bey L.,nid list appoMt a morn oontrr,...to: Cay WK. nesday next for the resumption of the debate on the agrici. tnral question, which had been adjourned on the prim n'ght ?_ _ . lord J. RUSSELL thought that in naming Wcdtusily he WAS consulting the feelings of hon. menah.le frog the country. As Wedmsday, however, had been find, the W. bate could not now be brought on upon an earlier day; bat perhaps on Monday arrangements might be made for mow ing it on Thursday. Mr. DISRAELI believed that Thursday would be amy convenient day for the house generally to attend. Lord J. RUSSELL said it was impossible for him toll* positively that it coul 1 come on upon Thurslay, beams there wen several notices of motion on the pal.er in that day. Mr. DISRAELI said, the notices in question had best given by hon. gentlemen who were greatly interested in tin agricultural debate, and that most probably they would post. pone them to enable it to be resumed. Lord J. RUSSELL observed, that if the hon. member fa Buekinglismdsire could snake any arrangement of that kind, Thursday might be fixed. The home adjourned at 12 o'clock. Mit Orproni. MAILS. The West India Mails, excluding Bermuda, IL,7anne, 1l Honduras, New Orleans, and Mexico, and Including thous In Madeira, St. Jusarle.blearegus, New Granada, Chili, and Pers. at. be made up oa the morning of the 17th of March. The nu& for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, OW:, and Malta will be made up on the morning of the 17th March. The malts for Gibraltar, Malta, Graeae, the lonLia Wanda, (gm Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, end China. rai Southampton, MI be made upon the morning of the 20th March. The guile for British North America, and the United antst, will be made up on the evening of the 23rd March. The walla 010 Marseilles, to the AlittillerraßOlM, Ellyr, Ado. Ceylon, India. Hong. Kong, Ste., will be made up on the medal d the 94th March. The mails for New South Wales, Van Dianan's Land, sad /fee Zealand will be made up on the evening of the 31st March. The mails for Modelle, the Ilrazils, and Buenos Ayres, will be nab up on the evening of the 4th of April. NIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Tula D•T —Mantina, I Ws. put 3; Attascoa. 19 Wet past 3 To•ltnaow—Yotfloi.lB Paw pail 3; Aftersoce, SJ We. put 3. LONDON, SATURDAY, MAR. 10. WERE Mr. DISRAELI'S motion nothing more than Mr. DisnAebt's motion, it would not des-rve to have two words wasted on it. But the protectionists hue allowed him to put it forward as their plan for re lieving the agriculturists, and the Times has adopted it. " Mr. DISRAELI," said this consistent and p triotic journal yesterday, " has had the fortune tad the courage to bit upon a subject worthy of his powers." This might be ironical, but what follows has nothing equivocal about it: "We con tratulate Mr. DISRAELI on his undertaking a task which a singular concurrence of circumstances has thrown into his hands. It is his own by right of discovery, and unless we overrate his energy, he will make it mere his own by success." As a project of Mr. DISRAELI, it would be sufficient to say of his Thursday night's lecture that, as usual, when be leaves the re gion of fantastic sentiment and imagery to deal with principles and practice, he was shallow and 401. But when his panacea is puffed by the p in whom some agriculturists still have faith, and the journal which some of the mercantile class st 11 regard as intelligent, were it only to undeceive their dupes the trifle deserves to be dissected. Ia the first place, then, the farmers will observe that their political leaders by their mouth-piece Mr- DISRAELI, repudiate protection. Hedeclares for "the rinc ple of reciprocity as a fundamental principle in the commercial code : the only legitimate means they had to fight against hostile tariffs with was by the adoption of countervailing duties." Mr. Daunt and his party would use differential duties, not to protect native industry, but to force other countries into free trade. Their ultimate aim is the same as Mr., COBDEN'S, only they think a diffiren• policy from his more likely to attain it. The farmers wh o still cling to belief in protection must look out for other leaders. "The children of Israel," as the grace less wags of the city call Mr. DISRAELI'S followers, repudiate the doctrine. Again, the HERRIESES, STAFTORDS, GRA:VDTS, and Dtsitxxbis will not repeal the malt and hop duties. The vague and equivocal phraseology of Thursday night's motion warranted suspicions to this effect. But, in his speech, Mr. DISRAELI put the matter be yond a doubt : I will, even at the risk of losing the favour the formal have bestowed on me, counsel them not to press for a moll of the malt tax. Because lam convinced that the pottiocaf benefit which they will receive will be very slight compared with the general inconvenience which it will occasion. It thl obtain, at this moisten., the repeal of the malt tax, they will obtain what may prove a fatal obstacle to meas u res of nix ouch as I propose to-night, and others which I hope we lief be able to propose. This avowal, from the accredited mouth -piety of the Duke of RICHMOND'S party, so soon alter has grace's declaration that the malt tax was not worths twelvemonth's purchase, might astonish nr, Lid not recent history record a still more glaring instance of the hollow faith of the farmers' friends in professing to seek the repeal of this impost. Some years se the parliamentary protectionist clamourers against tar malt tax found themselves, by the aid of the radicals, to a majority on that question. This did not suit their purpose: they wished to have the tax continued were it only to serve them as political capitol; so pel t night the came down and assisted the CHANCELLO R OF THE EXCHEQUER to reverse their own vote. The farmers, then, are now aware—they have been explicitly told by the official mouth-piece of the paT —that the anti-Peel section of the conservatives will not re-establish protection, and will not repeal the malt and hop duties. Let us see what they will do to relieve the agriculturists. They will re-adjust the burden of taxation for local purposes. But even this they will not do in a manner that can in the slightest degree benefit the tenant farmer. According to Mr. DISRAELI'S own state ment, his object is not to relieve the agriculturists in general, or to relieve a claes exclusively agricultardi