The Express. — London, England, 1868-08-13 00:00:00

FRENCH ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH COMPANY. Incorporated underthe Companies Acta of ISM and 1467. under the title of QM! ETE DU CABLE TRANSATLANTIQUE Q FRANCAIS (Limited). With a Capital of £1.900,000. or 0.30,000,000, in 60,000 Shares of ZS% or fr. 300, Of which 10,000 are to be issued as fully paid Shares. according to the Prompentus. The UNION BANK of LONDON will roma.° SUBSCRI PTIONS for £1,000.1100. in 3.000 shares of LSO each, of thud capitol, on the following conditions Deposit on application £1 per share. On allotment V per share. On the ltith of February. 'IMO. £3. on the 15th of October, Mot Et lOn the 13th of April. pots, Li. On awl:allot December. lll6s. Li. On the 13th of May, 1819, Subscriptions will be opened simultaiwously At Paris—with tho Societe Generale de Cre dit Indostriel et Com morcial. and Moons. E. Erlanger and Co. Berlin — with Mr. Joseph J•nues. H•Mblirk — with Mr. Paul Mendelesohn Berthold,. Bremen—with Messrs D. H. Witien and Co. Prankiort—with Messrs von Erlanger and Sons. Amsterdam — vnth Memo. 'Ammons% Rosenthal. and Co. .. And in the Cnited States of Americo through the agency of Moors. Duncan Sherman and Co.. of New York. flokonA VMITIIII• IN /W 0... Ills Excellency M. Drouyn de Limps M. Elio de Bk•unikkk. MAW+. Count Mallet.. Senator. Vice-Admiral Dlß Treho ECTO nark Senator. RS. 1.011005 00.III1D. The Right Hon. ROBERT LO , XE, M.Y. Chstrissan. Cornelius (:rino. 11, Leo. ,Messrs. Grinnell and Co.) Eduard J. Itse-ey. Esq. ;Messrs. Feuer. Uhthoff. and Co., and Posner and Ce.. Havana:. • Julius Rooter. £4l. Witham Drury Schrisier, Pgq. IMcesre. J. H. Sobrikler and Co. l PAH II NOAUD Contr . Amaral LACAI'ELLE. President. kikrtimal Phucul do Beaumont. M. S. Kubik, Synkt.PUr. Is , Baron Pk de 14ouru 0 ing M. Clisrlov Crapelet MM. Rattier and 00.1 Le Baron Emile D ' Erbmger. 06k LUAL SUP, k NTENDRIfT — Sir James Anderson. CONSULTIIII/ OIL lICTIOCIAIira. Sir William Thomson. Cromwell P. Farley. Esq., M.I.C.E. TNCIINICAL A tiv.sEst FRANn — M. Bertch. Member of the Committee of Tele C graphs in France. tki..ikkkkg ANn 1,1.[CfrilICI•1111. Latimer Clark. Esq., M.I.C.E. Henry C. Fords. E M.I.C.E. Fleentin,leitkin, Esq., P.R.:4.. M.I.C.E. BANKPRI , 19 Lokook—TM' Union hank of LOll4Oll, Prinees-siceet. 1,1404 ks IN PAWS. tic - ikt , lli . ni•tal ,. do Credit Industriel ct Commercial. r 1111, BA:110.119 AND Au ENV , NEW yOItIC-46e6601. MUMS% Shen. man end Co. S$lL WIT. RS— Mt's, eholf. Core, and Dompam. sr, es.T.ter —Frederiek J. Gratithn Esq._ °thee-. in London— itartholomew.house. E.C. I (the,. ntri, —Hue Tagitbout.l,k The oldest ,if the 'ompany to estublish and work a direct line of tilegniph between the sent of Europe end the tfnitod Stets,. of America. In Jie..othillet• with the concession granted by the Imperial French ((overflew.' to Heron Emile D'Erlenger, of Paris. and Mr. Julne Reuter of lan don. Thic coneesseet, bears date eth .1 u ly, Nee, and confers the privi lege of Isyior and working .iit.marine telegraph. between France and the Unit...l Suites The Frolic h Government binds itself not to grant any ott e r rout-es. .1 for lines between Franco and North America daring the period of twenty years from the let September, 1609. A ooeressien granted fie the State Legislature of New York, for landing and working rabies between that State and Franco, has been secured. Arrangements hare been made with the Submarine Telegraph Company for the i•xel louse lee. of one of their wires between Eng, land and Dieppe. from which piece the French Government will construct a sips:lel wire to Brest direct for the tomppsnny. By this means, the valuable co-operation of the Submarine Telegraph Com/ any has been secured, and an uninterrupted route from Eng land to the United States will he established. Tie French Government has promised its support and assistance to the undertaking, and an honorary committee of the highest positron has been formed in Paris. The growth of telegraphy on the Continent in recent years haa owing to greater frethtte. and a lower Witt been even more rapid than in England. In England. the number of messages has been annually inrreming at the rate of from 13 tom percent. In France, the number of messages increased between 1813 and 1867, from 1,756,000 to 3,214,000, having nearly doubled in eve years. In Freesia, the average annual increase has been 34 per oent. In Austria the traffic increased nearly fourfold between 1661 and 1866. It has been generally acknowledged that, both for political and commercial ressone, the laying of a direct and independent cable from the continent of Euro to the United States was only a question of time, and considering the extraordinary Increase of telegraphic messages wherever new facilities are afforded, it is to be expected that the new undertaking will create fresh treffic. independent of that of the old companis, sufficient to ensure earnings of equal if not greater amoun t The published report of the Directors of the Atlantic Telegraph Company to their Annual Meeting, held in February last, contains the following statement :—"The revenue from the cable is pro gressing satisfactorily, and the reduction in the rates, which com menced on December Ist (1867), has tended mutat° the derelopmeot of business. The gross returns :of traffic made to this Company since the 11th July, 1887, by the Anglo-American Company, show the following daily average., namely ( " From July 27th. 1887, to Feb. Let, 1666. the average £I.M6 day has been about £1,046 coin Div.mbo let. lee, to Feb. Ilut, 10E4 From January Ist, 1868, to Feb. flat, 1860 " The pose daily trathe for the month of February has been as follows . . Yeb. 1 .. £764 Feb. 12 £1,7911 .. 766 „ 13 l,lBO „ 14 1.612 „ 15 1,470 .. 1,240 .. 16 768 „ 17 1,476 ~ 18 1,590 ~ I II? .. I! pno 4. b. e. 7. „ a. ~ so.. i:90711 2,234" 0 431 „ 10 1,114 Ts 11 1,767 , Tins average of £ 1,300 elves an income of ab o ut 'AMMO • pear. Prom their income, however , the existi i 2Companies have Wyey one-third to the Newfoundland Comp • charge from which the present Company will be hoe. It be the object of the new Company_ to fix mob rates for massages as will seance the largest possible traffic. The price to be charged is intended to be It for a massage of 10 words, and it seems not too sanguine an ex pectation that at this rate the line will find constant employment. Thepowerottraneenneionof the new cable nestimated. aooordins to the report of the enin g and electricians, at a minimum o 12 words per minute, w allowing 14 hours • day for waste time, saw consequentiy on 10 is a day for actual work, and taking 200 woridng days in t s ha l year, glees, at the rate of E 2 per message, an annual Looms of 000. Practically, the proportion of dnye and hours lost would, in probabibty, be less than is assumed in this estimate. The working expenses of the new line may be calculated to amount at the utmost to 00,000 per annum. The proposed cable will be laid in two sections; the lira from Brest in Frame, to the French island of St. Pierre, o ff Newfound land ; the second from St. Pierre either to New Rork direct, or to a point between Boston and New York, with • special line to the lest named city. The length of the cable is as follows: let section, from Breet to St. Pierre section, from St. Pierre to the United Staten, about 722 „ To this length an amply anflicient amount of alagoillbe added A contract iris DemiAt:Owl into with the Telegenic do—ns—Gs—c tion and Maintenance COOlll43My to manufacture and y the cable for the sum of £9r..000 of which £ OlO,OOO is payable in cash by agreed instalments during the manufacture and shipment of the cable. The remaining £llO,OOO will be payable In the following manner. viz., Loewe in fully paid-up share., after the section from Brut to St. Pierre shall have been laid and tested satisfactorily for thirty race wive dale; £lO,OOO in cash after the section trout St. Pierre to the United States shall have been laid and tested for thirty days, and the final payment of £lO.OOO in fully Dud-up shares alter the entire cable shall have been six months in astir factory operation. Allowing £IOO,OOO for the constructional the land lines, engineers' charges, munereudon,sind all expenees up to the opening of the line, and deducting the consideration hereafter stated to be given for the coneeesion upon snows s, there will remain a balance, by way of prom, of MOW The &treat Eastern will be employed in laying the deep befh por tion. Sir Samuel Canning with a competent staff will have charge of the submersion of the stable. Sir James Anderson will act on behalf of, and watch over the interests of the Company. The nableffs oontracted to be shipped in June next, and the line is expected to be open for traffic in the coarse of next The cable will be of the beet eonstruction, and generally of the same description as thaws =anal seared by the Telegraph Con *ruction Cossiany for the Atlantic sindAnglo-American Telegraph Companies. The cable will be protected by tar;ike the 1e63 cable, and advantage has been taken of all the experience since gained. In accordance with the unanimous recommendation of the engi neers and electricians, the weight of copper in the conductor has been increased from 90071 b. to 400 lb. per knot By tide means greater rapidity of transmission is obtained. In tracing the router deter:: has been made to avoid the risk of Ire and anchorage on use banks of Newfoundland. It is on thew that all aceicents o the existing cables have occurred. Sir James Anderson has reeoided him opinion that the objeet thus sought for will be fully attained; that in fact the new line will be eat re 4 free from &oddest. br icebenrs, and does not cress any anchorage resorted to by Islam? vessels, Nearly one-half the cable win be in a depth of water when the subuiergencelwill be easy and the recovery fax repairs inexpensive. The deep sea portion wi ll be in a depth similar to that in which the present cables are laid, and from which the 1868 cable wee recovered. Under these Cirellltr , steams, sod the company having secured the services and expe rience of all the eminent men who have contributed to the success of the former expeditions, Use riak of the lament undertaking is reduced to • sr4niptam, / - reafigem ante have been Made with Sir William Thomeon, Mr. Fieeming Jenkin. and Yr. Turley, for the use of their patented instruments with any future improvements The consuggfonaires, by an agreement dated 3rd Awnst, leel, and scheduled to the articles of association, have agree usm ler to the Company their concession from the Imperial Govern ment of France, together with all their right. under the concee. Won from the State of New York, and the benefit of the uncles. mentioned agreement.. and to defray all expense. up to the roe& Mutton of the Company in coesideration of 3.000 fully paid Mares, to To allotted to them whenever the cable shall have been moms& fully laid, and shall have continued to work satisfactorily for 30 days. They will Mee be entitled to receive one-gf th part of the surplus net profits in each year. after netting aMde a reserve fund equal to 3 per cent. of the net progta, and after payment of a div• dead of IC per oent. to the shareholders. These OODUZlfeloll's will, fur convenience, be attached to a portion of the f ully charm It will be seen from this that the conoeseionaires CI! only to the memos of the undertaking for t heir remuneration. and for the t of the expenses they have alr ea dy incurred. Copies of Agreements and of the Memorandum and Articles of Association, and of the Ooncemions, be for on at the ontorn of the Soliatiors of the Company. ]Gore. Blsopo4 pane, and Bump... 110. co Iraimeteest... p,,./.7et .- Tase and ford of application for.hums may Do obtained at the offices of the Om , BArtholonicw-locae, and at the Union Hoak of Londoe, sad their notions binicalien COPIER of REPORTS of Mr JAMES ANDERSON. Sir WEL. LIAM THOMPAM, Macro PARLEY, CLARKE, PORDE pad _ Londo Baron Emile dllki anger, Julius Reuter, ungnst 3, Inn Deer ihre,—With reference to the route projeeted for the cable between Brest and America. I have remaantended„it for the !Wien,- reasons: epi in the 300 fathom line upon Mane bank and around the southern edge of the Grand bank, there is n e of Me, nr of i za t z em other agesey that can lie espreeted ming the cabl e . The edge of the Grand bank wee aro because it is uneertain at what depth the icebergs ground. They are said, upon good authority. to ground at tines in 10 fathoms. It is not certain at what depth . the vends employed in the seal trade may sometiame nbit ehr e m to dr: i p i za anchor twee. per,. of kl = 1"Z trek I are avoided by the tract ehosen for the propceed floes 'sable, and I an Justified b 7 my own experience in saying that the track from the southern ed ge of the Grand bank to St. Pierre, and thence to the place of Medina in America. is entirely free from any danger from ice, and doss not arose any anchorage resorted to by Ulmof fishing yarns. cable upon Milne bank and from the Grand beak to St. Pierre, andthenee to America 'upwards of lAN will bland in water of such easy depth that repairs wffi be a matter of cm talotr and we are ed item the eettetlittee which already exist In allinring that the depth►of water along the deep see por tion ran be no greater than that in which the present Atiantio cable* arelaid. . . _ I anticipate from the soundinp about to be taken by the Fr..neh atop of war that a good deal of teem:amble ground will be found from Milne bank to the (hand bank of Newfoundland. I am, Dear Sin yontalaltkfuny. JA.VVON ANDERSON. London. August Diurrthezw.—At your request we have much pleasure in on the cable recommended by us tnedisartruc.27;s2 in t o W " lierre, and from fit. Pierre to the coast of the United litates. The deep sea cable adopted Is almost exactly similar to that need In la th and la th The west merit of this form is strength, both absolute and relative to the strains required while laying the cable. The actual strength of this hemp and steel cable Ii 7 tons, while the strain required for submersion need nut ex seed 14 ow,. Even if it should be necessary to haul back an nmtl ac already laid , the strain nee d not exceed Ii ton in the y std water. The strength is, therefore. 11.1111lY .UftlCibilt to meet all contingencien, with • margin quite as =wit u Ie allowed i t i= twill,' engin reins construction or ope ra ti on. We need you of the experimental proof which haa been given that this form of cable can, even it broken in the de„ pest Tiviir , k9nc9Tatvilladrodslosi Dui ie into too UPPOtilinity of j THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY entiONG. AUGUST i 3, 1868. those =dawn er kh calls imperatively for the interfereaos of Government, sine private persons can. neither detect the abuse nor devise a kemedy for it. A man of great wealth, if, he wisbes to enjoy the rare luxury of pure foOd and pare drink, may engage the services of an analyst ; but the mass of the people are forced to take what the ordinary tradesman sells, and to accept his dictum with regard to the genuineness of the article. The remedy, then, lies in a stringent law rigorously maintained. We have of late punished with considerable severity the owners of false weights and scales, why should we not act with equal energy in punishing the manufacturer or retailer of spurious provisions ? In America and in Prance a firm law has done much towards lessening the evil. In the latter country especially the penalty incurred by the man detected in adul terating food acts as a wholesome deterrent. He must either pay a heavy fine or undergo a long imprisonment; and, as fifty-six inspectors of food and drink are employed in Paris alone, it is evi dent that the risk of detection is great. Over-legislation in a country like England is no doubt to be deprecated; but we hold that it is the legitimate office of Government to remedy an evil which, like the adulteration of food, affects every class of the community; and against which no class is able to contend. =Mg our deliberate embers that- this- sardeall Ina • not tor. but that the =perinea' miot.bo renstasd as WWII as required with ths like result The power of Waissetitehm MOW, NI through load subMarbi• lines is to longer • matter of doubt, and the lows affseiting Web are well understood. We can promise with pedaled, Not a = your enlarged rote you will be able to said twelve words per minute. and by improved methods of signalling be euelat to lb. memo this minimum rousidarsbly. ilie Isagtil of your table. w h wll fables . n deep er water. will on no greater than that of the reading c and it will rest on the mate smooth and safe bottom. The shallow water station will be a heavy cable, Pro tected aearnat runt by • bituminous compound, as used for the Persian Gulf cable. The route avoids all ooaddresble anoltometea and all danger from timber" and should say Interruption ever mem on this portion item bempaired With tiertalnty and rapidity. In rottolusion, the strength of your adds is ouch al to render its subanerPion • safe operetta/I • the route to be followed is emi nently favourable. and a gociermassariplal speed is certain to be oleained. You aware the advantage. of • direct eircianuaitatioa. and the risks you ran are not greater In acjr WISY Wealth** , airesd7 attrimounted. We are, Gentlemen. Your •Imiteet german* WILLIAM THOMSON, LkTIWILIi OLARkic C. F. VARLET, HENRY 0. FORDS. and Messrs. Erlanger sad Reuter. JENK&N. TOON OP APPLICATION PON manse. When filled up to be lodgedion . wit Ban h a depositLoadedof Si psr Share. M the Unk of TO the DIRECTORS of the SOCIETE DIT OAHU§ TIAN& ATLANTIQUII FltitaloAlB trAmitem (PBF•24O II ATIA/mu I BUB HAM 001WANY.) Gentk men.—Ha pfd to the Union Bank of Loudon the sum of L adenoid of II per Share on Mane in the above Company. Ihereby request that you *Mot me that number, and I arree to accept seek Shares, or any smaller nu that maybe to me, and to execute the Attledes of Araociation when required ; and I authorise youj l o o r o la c o t a my name on the Mister of shareholders for the shares so Name In full Profession or businees Addles, dirdwittire . Dated the day of durum t. INS. DANZIIIe unarm SOCIETE PU CABLE TRANSATLANTIQUE FRANCAIS (Limited). (FRENCH ATLAN'I IC TELEGRAPH OOMPAN Y.) Received this day of August~iaills, of the sum of being • deposit of LI per Share OD apestion for Shame in the said Company. Per Union Bank of London. WILLIAM CHURTON and 80N, HOSIERS and 81411217LAKER8. LLNIES' UNDERCLOTHING. 91 and 91 OXFORD-STREET. lI ORW I CK' 8 PURE AMINO POWDER is the BEST. —Ask for and have only ortvricica PURR BAKI Id NG POW wh DER. So everyere The Price of THE DAILY NEWS L now ONE PENNY. THE POLITICAL AND LITERARY Direction of the Journal retselos Ilnehaitied. AND IS SUPPORTED BY AN ACCESSION OF EMINENT WRITERS. THE FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE orb on an onganiestion of Special and Exclusive °scram embracing the entire Wool/ TEE CITY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS. fa, as beretcdor, lull. Early. au imputta _!.l • word. Its i7misgemois liive asilergae no otherniodidestion than each as voa neeremary to a more thorough and adialent representation and glesmion of the comma's. interests. sod opinions of the do r. BUSHING AND ADVERTISEMENT OFFICS. IL BOITTERIESTRIERT. narranum. vie erpreoo. PRINCEBB%. Tio Emmy*, POOR . PILEICODEY.—APTER DARK : A TALE OF LONDON LIFE. Mr. Vining, Menem. Walter Lacy, Dominick Monty, Mon Shore, Re. ; Mires Marston and Leciervq.—And No. I, B OUN D THE CORNER. QUIN'S TKRATRA LONG-ACRE. , Mr. W. H. Lieton. TIM Emma, a li tTr e llM'S A LUNATIC.- 0 11111 LANCA SHIRE LASS. Mmes. S. Emery, H. Irnag, Clayton, W. H. 0 2 =te k =ys m dNim, W. H. Montgomery, L. Ercandt, and H. H. 'oda= and N. Moon. STRAND. Tin Smaro r PIPTERLY CSBVICIL—TSE !MD OP TEI CLOTS OP QOM —Asd MARSILAOS AT ANY PRIM BRITANNIA. Toss Bvemaro,_THE IriBMONING : OR. MEN= FOR THE NAVY. Noma. Reynolds, Yia, Blgwood, Ate. ; Mies M. Madera= te.—Amarioaa Wont= and Jap.n Tommy; Nim A. Aodana—And LADY ANNE'S HIGH WATER AT LONDON =DOS !To-DAT 110 m Aftentocs, _ BeL To-lkasow—lLoralag, GEL Altanaoas, 10h. Am. Noyxca . khakis!. are rataartad to Mil - Le - 11;k Paat-orlos orders payable to kr. Josioa Itaaamoror, Port-olles, Tkatostrart, E.C. Parkas of BMWS, XAZZIAGIS, aed Duran, aai reaped rata 12 o'doek tor bastion aim maim. Prior fa. A SECOND EDITION of the EXPRESS, CONTAINING The Latest Foreign Telegrams; the Latest City; Railway, Mining, and other Shares; Sporting, and General Intelligence, EVERY EVENING. LONDON, THURSDAY, AUG. 13. UNEASY SYMPTOMS IN FRANCE: TUE question whether Imperialism, as it has existed for the last sixteen years, can co-exist with liberty, is beginning to prose upon the French government for an answer, which cannot long or safely be delayed. That pusillanimity of the middle classes, and that exhaustion of the revolu tionary spirit in the multitude, which made the restoration of the Empire easy in 1852, no longer operate to preserve a regime which has enjoyed ample range and leisure to indulge in almost every fault and folly that human nature, invested with supreme power and exempt from the ordinary conditions of responsibility, can commit. The middle classes, who were scared by Socialism into accepting the rule of the sabre, have had time to digest their fears, and the " red spectre" is remembered only as a nightmare. They find themselves burdened with as increased taxation to which the obnoxious 45 centime which saved the Republic from insolvency in 1848 were but a fleabite; and, in the capital, saddled with a municipal administration over whose lavish expenditure they have no control. They find themselves, their families, and their for tunes, at the mercy of a personal will, or a per sonal caprice, which may, at any moment, send their sons to perish without glory, in some dis tant crusade, for the sake of keeping the troops in wind ; or provoke a general European war, in order to avoid the domestic agitation of a general election. In the midst of peace they have to bear the cost and the uncertainty of war, without hope of profit or of glory. They ask themselves in vain what the Russian war, or the Italian war, or the Roman occupation, or the Mexican expedition, has done for French interests or Preach honour. They ask themselves what the policy of nationalities, or of " grand agglomerations," or of ultramon tanism, has done for the greatness or the security of their country. They ask themselves in Paris what the grand agglomeration of workmen employed in the building trade, and the incessant demolitions and reconstructions of streets, so that no man can call his domicile his home, have done for the comfort or happiness of their households, or to make life easier or more convenient. On the other hand, the working men of the great cities, some of whom were seduoed into voting for the EMPEROR, by the promise that the Empire should be democracy and socialism enthroned, have discovered that man does not live by work and wages alone, and that dear and distant lodgings and a rise in the prices of all provisions snake a democratic despotism represented by a civil list of a million sterling, and by a reckless parade of unproductive public works, a hard bargain for the hewers of wood and the drawers o f water. Then the new conscription, which makes every able-bodied man liable to servo under the standards, and to waste the prime of his years in the forced idk6ees of igarris'oe. is solningeheine be as bad ness and the bosoms even of those staunch and superstitious Imperialiats, the peasantry, who are slowly awaking ,to the coassionsaums that the' Mastyr of St. Helena died some Tsars ago, and that the present Naeotgoe is not the groat Captain who led their fathers to the slaughter. The peasantry, it is true, are priest-ridden, and for the moment the priests are on the aide of the Empire ; but there h a lurking hatred to'priests in the French peasant's heart, which, when the Church is most powerful, may easily revive. It is often said by the eemi-official journals, and the plausible assertion is repeated by their complacent eohoes abroad, that the Empire has done much for the material interests of France. Nor is the assertion altogether unfounded. After the crash and commotion of '4B and '49, any government that kept order in the streets, and seemed to offer some guarantee of endurance, must have given to mercantile and industrial undertakings that feel ing of confidence and security which is the life of enterprise. The Second Empire un questionably inaugurated an era of gigantic speculation and unlimited credit, and discovered the secret of transmuting worthless scrip into fabulous wealth and Babylonian luxury. It has engendered a now race of millionaires. It has turned a boat of penniless adventurers into pro prietors of palaces and estates. Doubtless in this great whirlpool of gambling some have gone down and disappeared, but it cannot be said that any ono of the men who made the Second Empire, or who have served it devotedly, has lost by the operation. Sixteen years have proved at length that gambling is not prosperity—that an in flation of credit is not an increase of wealth, that repression is not order, that silence is not security, that moral and material interests cannot be disjoined, and that a nation which abdicates its own responsibilities and escapes from the noble task of self-control into the indulgences and the apathy of dependence and submission, will sooner or later have to pay the penalty of its humiliation by the loss of that specious security and that spurious prosperity for which it threw its liberties away. Such reflections as these are, we know, weighing upon the minds of many Frenchmen who fancied that they had found in the Second Empire a refuge from the troubles and the dangers of freedom and self-rule. As to the liberal professions, the Second Empire has always had reason to count them, with few and not illustrious exceptions, among " the " old parties." By no persuasion, no bribe, no in timidation, has it conciliatedthe intellect of France. Its lawyer-statesmen, its magistrates, confer no lustre on the profession from which they emerged by their ready and unscrupulous rhe toric and their pliant services on the judgment seat. Literature the Second Empire has none. It subsists on the remains of the Restoration and the Monarchy of July, and the few successors of that brilliant company of writers belong to the most implacable opposition. The Minister of Public Instruction apologises for this undeniable decadence by the plea that the present is an age of action, as if the greatest names in all literature, ancient and modern, had not flourished in ages of action. Nor must it be forgotten, in considering the prospects of the present Government in France, that a new generation has sprung up since the Revolution of February and the Restoration of the Empire ; a generation which knows nothing of the panic of '4B, or of the lassitude and discourage ment of '5l. This generation, as the recent inci dent at the distribution of prizes in the Lycke Louis le Grand has shown, has no love or loyalty to spare for Imperialism. With all the generous ardour of youth it aspires to something nobler and better than a system of government which writes the prin ciples of 'B9 on its flag, while it proscribes liberty and laughs equality to scorn. Every day our neighbours are becoming more and more aware of the fallacy which foreigners have long perceived, that in the absence of liberty France enjoys equality. Very possibly, and as we think very ro gretably, France prefers equality to liberty; and a certain kind of social liberty, not to say license, France undoubtedly enjoys, and never more per haps than under the present regime. But of that equality which the Revolution of 'B9 proclaimed, equality before the law, there is at this moment no civilized country more destitute than France. What sort of equality is that which will not permit the meanest functionary of the Government to be prosecuted by a private citizen without the express authorisation of the Council of State—a body of functionaries nominated and appointed by the Crown ? The simple truth is that no government in Franco has yet succeeded in establishing the principles of 'B9. In this respect the Second Empire only betters the instructions of its prede cessors. THE ADULTERATION OF FOOD. Mn. DIXON, President of the Birmingham Chamber of Commerce, delivered an important speech the other day, at the meeting of the Chamber, on the Adulteration of Food, Drink, and Drugs. The topic, trite though it be, is one of national importance. Adulteration of food, according to Mr. GLALIATONZ, is in a very special degree an English vice. " I doubt," ho once said, " whether " in any other country in the world the same " amount of adulteration takes place." If this be true, the blame lies at our own door. The pre sent laws against adulteration are comparatively worthless. They are not strong enough, or oer tain enough, to prevail against the gross deception so frequently practised, especially in poor dis tricts. What is the use of passing a law against adulteration, if at the same time no adequate arrangement is made for carrying it into effect ? For example, Mr. Duos reminds us of a report presented in 1882 to the Rome Secretary, from which it appears that when the Adulteration Act was passed in 1860, " those bakers who adulterated the bread " became apprehensive ; but, when it was found " that no sufficient means were provided by the " Act to meet the expenses of active and constant " supervision, they became confident again and " resumed their practice of adulteration without " any fear of detection." It is to be feared that the same practice prevails in every part of the country, and in almost every trade. A glass of genuine beer, such beer as you may enjoy at a farm house, is rarely, if ever, to be purchased from a publican. Who does not know how diffi cult it is to obtain pure bread, genuine milk, wine that has not been doctored, or drugs that can be relied on ? We eat in faith without knowing what we are eating; we drink port and sherry at the restaurant or hotel which have never come from Portugal or Spain. The health of the nation suffers from this adulte ration, and the morals of the nation suffer also. Dishonest men prosper in business at the expense of honest men, who are tempted in self-defence to follow the same course. This is just one of IN THE GUTTER AGAIN. MR. GLADSTONE continues reckless ! If report speaks true, upon the arrival of Mr. and Mrs. GLADSTONE at a railway station near Conway, the other day, there was " an enthusiastic demon " titration by a large number of workmen from " the neighbouring quarries, who insisted on " dragging their carriage from the station to the " house ; which was done amidst loud cheers." Mr. GLADSTONE, we are told, praised the men for the manner in which they had done the dragging. Will this second descent into the gutter escape the condemnation of the most virtuous review in Europe Y We devoutly hope that all the persons who took part in the scene were perfectly chaste and perfectly honest ; but should not Mr. GLAD errorm--especially considering the presence of Mrs. GLADSTONE—have inquired into the cha racter of every one of the men before allowing any of them to draw, and par ticularly before praising the force and dexterity of such menial creatures ? We do sincerely trust it will not turn out that there is a black mark of any kind against the name of anyone of the persons assisting at this spectacle ; but if our trust should prove ill-founded, let not Mr. GtAnsrozrz think to wipe off this foul stain upon his fame by say ing that he did not know the character of the de linquent. He ought to know the private life of everybody. And let others, too, beware ! There is, at least, one other gentleman whose " inhuman " perfection," as the Time calls it, is exciting so much observation, that it is becoming essential to find some flaw in him. Let Mr. Mux look to the character of every man who cheers, votes, or subscribes—or it will go hard with him ere long. It is even possible that a trap may be laid for the express purpose of getting him into the gutter. If now the Tories should bribe somebody with a blot upon his character to head a deputation, and if the honourable gentleman should, in a moment of unbridled political pas sion, shake hands with him, we shall tremble for the consequences. OUR CONTEMPORARIES. ITHII3 DAY.) LORD NANO AB •ICEROY 07 MIA. The Tunes renews itsprotmt against the rumoured appointment of Lord Mayo to the Governor-Generalship of India. The task of the viceroy is to engraft the ma terial and political civilisation of the west on the wisdom of the east. Let anyone consider what the performance of this task presupposes, and as he goes through the review ask himself how far Lord Mayo satisfies its conditions, Lord Mayo's virtues, and he has many, are those which disqualify him for supreme command, and the limitations of his nature lie in those direction in which the ruler of India ought to abound. Whichever way the Tisne• con siders the appointment, our contemporary cannot avoid the conclusion that it is due to any cause rather than a well-considered application of means to ends. The Herald contends that Lord Mayo's antecedents are, at any rate, quite as good as were those of many who have from time to time been sent out to fill the office. ♦ BZIMDS FOS D 19111.888. The Lally News thinks the people of East London have, in emigration, found out the true remedy for the distress which has so long existed in that part of the metropolis. They have had the good sense to See that want of work really means superfluity of labour; that chronic distress arises from the accumulation of work men where they are not wanted, and their absence from the places where there is work to be done. Hence the exodus from Millwall. Emigration in such circumstances is the natural remedy for the want of employment. There is not much fear of natural emigration of the kind referred to being pushed to excess. So long as it is not caused by the pressure of unjust laws, or of injurious social restriction, emigration is nothing more than the natural flow of labour to the places where it is wanted. nrs POLITICAL PISMO. The Post remarks that Mr. Forster has done good ser vice to the liberal party in unfolding the tactics pursued by the leader of the conservative party in connection as well with the Reform Bill as with the Irish church question. The position in which things at present stand is this :—Reform has been disposed of substantially by the efforts of the liberal party, and the Irish church question Mai= open, the conservatives being prepared to strain every nerve to prevent its settlement. It is for the liberal electors to say under these circumstances to whom they will give their support. The question can only admit of one reply. MS POSIT2ON OT 21111 CIIIISCII. The Vows contends that in penetrating the future with a view to ascertain how the changes in band are likely to work, one probability stands out clear and almost certain. It is proposed to give men the management of their own religious affairs, and to let them arrange among themselves whatever they may think com patible with Divine rule or spiritual authority. This, if the Times mistakes not, is the last cry of the Anglican church, as it has long been of other communities :—" Anything for non-interference ! Any thing to keep out secular statesmen and nreligious lawyers!" The golden chain of church and state has latterly fretted the church. Our contemporary does not anticipate any great deliverance, for it wishes to antici pate nothing. But such are the last groans of the Anglicans. The very worst thing that can be said of the settlement of the Irish question is that "it will land us in religious independence, equality, and self-government." That consummation will not be yet, but if that be the worst we are driving to, the appre hension is not one to stand in the way of a just and peaceful settlement. 17NPLID ICAODITRATIS. Referring to the committal toprison of Sarah :ones by the Chester justices for gleaning--or, as the charge was framed, for stealing wheat, the other day—the Daily News observes that a qualified police magistrate considers what punish. ment is sufficient to deter from the repetition of an offence, and does not exceed it ; moreover, in thus judging he distinguishes between offences which have their origin in prejudice fostered by time and usage, and an obstinate defiance of the law. The blind and blunder ing honesty of many of cur unpaid magistrates is un equal to the task of drawing such distinctions, and hence with the best intentions they continually outrage public sentiment. Mal IIENEEN. The Tekirroph " improves " the death of Miss Menken, and doubts whether she ever suggested a 'single wrong thought to people who were not already familiar with meditations of an improper character. It has been re served for the refinement of the St. dames, to improve upon the crude suggestions of Astley's, and to show " vice its own image " through the convenient medium of a lorgnette. What she lacked was the art:stio con science ; and that, too, might have been hers had she not been forced to earn her own living on the stage, a hire ling at the command of others, from the days of her childhood. ACCOUCHEMENT OF THE PRINCESN OF TECK. KENSINGTON PALACE, Auousx 13, 6 A.N. Her Royal Highncaa the Princeas Mary Adelaide was safely delivered of a Prince at 4.30 s.m. to-day. Her Royal Highness and the infant Prince are doing perfectly well. ARTHUR FARRE, M.D. EDWD. H. HILLS. DRAMA. PRINCESS'S. Last night Mr. Dion Boucicault added another to that long list of romantic dramas in which incident is everything, character nothing, and dialoj.rue of little cow• sequence, by the production of a four act play called After bark, at the Princess's Theatre, winch lasted. three hours, and was decidedly successful. Those who are curious to know the name of the original French drama or dramas on which this play is founded, will hardly he satisfied with Mr. Boucicault's vague statement in the programme, that the subject of his work is taken from a melodrama by Messrs. D'Ennery and Grange, with their permission. Since the production of the Bohemians of Paris, more than a quarter of a century ago, so many criminal plays have been written with impossible, complicated, and interesting plots, which may have furnished Mr. Boucicault with a scene, an incident, or a character, that the task of the theatrical detective is no easy one. The local or minor theatres have been fed with such dramas for more than a generation; New York imports them, and then re-ships them to London, as in the case of Under the Gaslight, and Mr. Boucicault can, therefore, only hope to distin guish himself in concocting such pieces by the superior neatness of his workmanship. After Dark is little more than a re-arrangement of the old vagabond material. The interest, as in hundreds of dramas, is made to turn on a forged bill of exchange, which one party possesses and is willing to give up for a large sum, and which another party desires to obtain at a much cheaper rate. The arch villain of the piece is a returned convict of flashy exterior, who fights skilfully and desperately until near the close of the last act, and then yields quietly to the police in a West-end theatre, or dies in trying to shoot everybody at a minor theatre. To give vitality, or something like it, to these unreal mockeries of humanity, Mr. Boucicault is clever enough to introduce pictures of well-known London localities, and he is happy in possess ing a painter like Mr. F. Lloyds, who can throw a halo of romance even over a sewer, a dry arch, or a railway cutting. The sight of some familiar cluster of chimney_ pots, garret windows, or lamp-posts appears to stir the heart of the British playgoer like a trumpet ; and no one can blame the author and the manager for trying to please their audience. The success of the Streets of London was so great and remarkable, hat it is enough to shake all belief in the value of theatrical literature, properly so-called, and artistic acting. A man who persisted in selling peaches when his customers demanded baked pota toes would be voted a fool in any congress of enlightened tradesmen ; and Messrs. Boucicault and Vining are wise in their generation. Their stage management is excellent, no slop-work scenery appears in their dramas, and they deserve to reap the benefit of their enterprise and business instinct There is no more literary art in a drama like After Dark than in the most idiotic songs and dances of the lowest music halls ; but the scenery pleases people who laugh at the plot and characters, and the plot and character satisfy that section of the audience whose highest standard of fiction is the novels of the Lon don Journal. A scene like Blackfriars-bridge, with a view of St. Paul's by night seen through a shored-up arch, is a work of high pictorial art that may lull the most fasti dious into momentary forgetfulness of the action and dialogue. The sensational scene of the piece is a view of the " Underground Railway " in some part of London that it will not reach for several years, and the exciting rescue of a senseless man who has been stretched across the rails by two villains who took a great deal of trouble to avoid murdering him, though they wanted him murdered. Such is life—from a stage point of view. Pieces of this stamp give the actors very little chance of showing the talent they may possess, and the most that can be said is that Mr. or Miss So-and- So acted sensibly. The cast includes Mr. H. J. Montague, Mr. Walter Lacy, Mr. G. Vining, Mr. Dominick Murray, Mr. Maclean, Mr. J. G. Shore, Mr. Holston, Mr. R. Cathcart, Mr. W. D. Gresham, Miss Rose Leclerq, and Miss T. Marston. The Chancellor of the Exchequer acknowledges the receipt of 30s. in stamps on account of income tax unpaid in 1863. Mr. Mark Firth was on Monday re-elected Master Cutler at Sheffield during the ensuing year. Prince Napoleon and the Princess Clotilda will leave Meudon in a few days to pm some time at Eau:- Bonnee. The Prince de Metternich has returned to Paris from his excursion to Germany. Preparations to receive the King of Prussia towards the middle of September are in progress at the Chateau of Glucksburg, in Schleswig. A civil marriage, the first in Bavaria since the passing of the new law, has just taken place at Augsburg. It was between two persons who had renounced the ca tholic religion for one of the independent forms of worship. The New York papers record the death of Pro fessor John Millington, an English chemist and practical miner:at the age of 89. He was born at Hammersmith, near London, and was in early life connected with Mac Adam, the celebrated Engliah road maker. The Queen of Moheli has now visited almost all the theatres in Paris. She is said to have been moat amused at the Cirque in the Champs Elyeees. Rossini has been named honorary member of the Free Society of Fine Arts of Paris. Mdlle. Beriwaneck, who performs the parts peculiar to Male. Dejarat, is announced to appear in a eerie* of representations at the Grand Theatre at Havre. The productions of the competitors for the Grand Prize of Rome were opened to the public yester day, and will remain so to-day and to-morrow at the School of Fine Arts. In the section of sculpture the sub ject for treatment was :—" Theseus, having escaped from the Labyrinth, thanking the gods for his deliverance." Two prizes were awarded to MW. Marcie and Noel, and an aoxesit to M. Trace. The subject for competition in painting was :—" The death of Astyanax, eon of Hector." The prize was given to M. Blanchard, pupal of N. Cabanel. M. Ferry, author of one of the pictures, was excluded from the competition for having introduced into his composition a figure more than was consistent with the programme. Dare lex, ad la. A St. Petersburg letter, in the Nord, says: "Moscow is suffering from drought as well as St. Peters burg; the woods in the neighbourhood have also been visited by tires ; and so much so that the streets of the city have for some days past been filled with smoke.", Admiral Farragut has, it is said, been making large purchases of pictures sod sculpture in Europe.— New York paper. _ . . . Ada Menken, who died on Monday at Bougival, suffered from an Moms which had long tormented her. By a singular coincidence (says Galleon° the manager of the Chiitalet last night again brought out the Pirates de la Saran, as he could no longer wait for her. This sad result shows the futility of any further delay. Ada Menken's biographers somewhat injudiciously claim for her the character of a distinguished theologian. The Figaro asserts, on its own authority—surely on no other— that her fame as a poetess ranks high in the United States. We should be inclined to think that a poetess would never have married a pugilist (Heenan), as she had done, or that a theologian would have ridden about the stage in Lady Godina's attire. FOREIGN NEWS, (THIS DAY.) THE DECLARATION OF AUGUST I. A NI) THE PARIS BOURSE. Tinder the above titlelhe Jiherte writer The declaration of August 8 appeared in th , on August 10:—A fall on the very day of K which should have been followed by a rise o: .t p y ... A fall on the Ilth, the following day. A fall on tbs. day, Widneaday, 12. Was not then M. Rouland, (105 en,,,, of the Bank of Franco, right, when he ~poke of lh. of confidence in the future? (THEODOR RYMTAR'S AD)NCY. ) SPAIN. INSURGENT BANDS IN ARRAGON MADRID, AIII',IT 11 , Errs t‘ , Notwithstanding the official denial th.•n• i . ,„ doubt thht insurgent bands have mad.• flea. pearance in the neighbourhood oi c, province of Aragon. Military forces have been sent thither 1., r„,, , them. PRUSSIA. SoIIWALBACII, 2 L,;. , The King of Prussia arrived 111 . 11. till, 1!• ,„. and at once paid a visit to the C..:tr. r,•• li „ • Bavaria is i•xpeeted to-morrow. BAVARIA MUNICH, It is ,tmtod that tht• a visit to Passcnholou, th , suni••)..: r , .-i•i..,! the Bavarian court, on tho 17th in • - - ATP kT , ). S.)I;TIIAMI'IIiN, 1. ..• • The Royal JI til steanediip Atr:ito , at this mat. The t ranster rut lict . nuiil, ata , l o.z ,• , the Tiv-itianian will be completed durit.; t ii • The Tasmanian is appointed to ' , ail at .; ; to-morrow morning. The mail steamer • has been detained at Panama until the :ITT:I' of the Tasmanian with the New Zealaiel passengers, and cargo. The Atrato's intermediate shaft is quit• and her eccentric is quite broken in two. AMERICA. NEW YORK, .11;,.w.it Mr. Thaddeus Stevens is dead. Closing Prices:—Gold, 147. Bterl:ng ex.;; A s 4! on London, 109/. 5-20 United Sun,' 1; 01.L1, 1882, 1141; ditto, 1883, 1121 ; 10-10 ditto, 10.1',. Illinois,l49. Erie, 572. Cotton, middling Upl I, 29k. Petroleum, standard white, ii. Fl-nr, -vv.% State, 8 dole. 95c. to 9 duls. 55e. Curt, mixed, 1 dol. 17c. OUR PARIS LETTER. (FROM OCE OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, WEDNESDAY F:rryt. It has been decided that the review is t,, place on Friday. This is certain, although s,,ui-• of the evening papers, the Lihrrit' amongst oth,r,, announce that it has been countermanded. TS•• National Guard, the Imperial Guard, and ti:-• army of Paris will be all under arms. The troop, will occupy the Tuileries gardens, the Place .1,, Concorde, and the Champs Elys,:s2s. Half-past the hour fixed for the review. The Emperor and his staff will probably take up • position in front of the Valais de l'lndustrie to see the filing past, as was done on the occasion of the review on the same ground passed by the Sultan. It is calculated that as many as 60,000 troops of all arms will be drawn up in line. It is very positively said that the Troyes speech, as published in the Moniteur, is not the one that was spoken—or that, at all events, neither the Mayor nor the municipal councillors of Troy' heard the words which have been so much com mented upon:—"Nothing anjourrr hiti threaten.; the peace of Europe." It would not be the first time that by the advice of ministers, imperial .speeches in the provinces have been cur tailed or added to for publication. It might be sa'sl from one point of view that if the words in question were inserted in the. Moniteur after deliberation as being applicable to the situation they are even more valuable than if they had been merely hastily uttered. But if it be true, as is much suspected, that the Emperor has a personal policy which he is watching for an opportunity to act upon against the advice of the majority of his present ministers, it is not satisfac tory to find that he shrank from uttering words which they would have had him say. The Prems has a leading article upon the meaning of the word a ujourd' hui. M. Henri Rochefort is cited to appear before Judge Delesvanx on Friday to take his trial on the double charge of exciting to hatred and con tempt of government, and an offence against the person of the Emperor. It is probable that he will "make default," and be condemned in Lis absence. According to the provisions of the code applicable to his case ho is liable to imprison ment for a period not less than six months and not exceeding five years ; and to a fine of not less than 300 fr. and not more than 10,000 fr. Moreover, the court may in it.; discretion deprive him of civil rights for a period equal to the term of his sentence of imprisonment, but not to begin to run till after the imprisonment shall have been suffered. The Eledeur, the journal of MM. Jules Fevre, Picard, and Henon, is prosecuted for exciting to hatred and contempt of government, in an article censuring the Prefect of the Gard for forcibly dis persing a private electoral meeting at Nimes, and announcing a subscription for AI. Ssguier, who was wounded by the soldiery on that occasion. M. Delesvaux's court yesterday convicted M. Villemessant, the manager, 31. Jules Claretie, the editor, and M. Dubuisson, the printer of the Figaro, for having published a libel upon M. Pastoureau, formerly Prefect of the Var, and now Prefect of the Indre and Loire, and sentenced them severally to fines of 1,000 fr., 1,000 fr., and 500 fr. The libel consisted in the reproduction from a book published by 31. Tenot after the coup d'etat, entitled "Provence in December, 153 1 ," of a statement (which passed unchallenged at the time) that M. Pastoureau had ordered a fanner named Martin Bidaure to be shot without any form of trial ; that ho was shot accordingly on Dec. 12, but when the firing party retired was found not to be dead ; and on Dec. 14 the Prefect had him brought out of the hospital while his wounds were yet bleeding, and sliot to death. The court, without in any way going into the truth of the matter, held that the allegation was an st tackupon the honour and consideration of M. Pastoureau, and, therefore, condemned the de fendants. The:Bourse was again very weak, sales of the new loan being pressed upon the market. Bente at one time was quoted as low as 69fr. 90c., but the latest prices were 70fr. 24c., both for cash and account, with s fall of 21e. and 71c. Italian fell 15c. ; and Mobilier 2fr. 50c. Credit Fonder rose 2fr. 50c. 1 N