The Express. — London, England, 1867-10-05 00:00:00

COVENT GARDEN PROMENADE COICERTS. IDOVE.NT GARDEN THEATRE. EVERY EVENING at Eight. Under the sole direction of Mr. JOHN RUMELL Thursday nights. a Selectioe of Classical Music: other nights libeellaaeous. The Programme Is varied every evening . Conductor—Signor BOITESINI, and for the Donee Music Herr JOHANN tiTßACSS.—Admission, One Shilling. IY FIRST-CLAMS SILVER MEDAL, 1967. iDEN's VALUATION of GOLD. PASTS Exn1111ITIO! JOHN BIWO] carats fine, to IBesrais..l3 8 134 worth ..C.4 4 114 17 carats.. 3 0 2 per ounce. 161:vats_ 2 16 74 2$ carats.. 4 1 6 15 cants., 213 1 V carat. (British 14 carats.. 2 9 64 stanklaw,l 3 17 104 13 carats.. t 6 0 ?I carats.. 314 4 12 carats.. 7 2 SI 20 carats .. 3 10 94 II carata.. 1 18 11 19 carats. 7 3 10 carats.. 115 4a lilsaulactday, 16, Rentletta-street, eumeu2-1 9 carats L 11 10 8 carat... 8 34 7 carats .. 4 6 carata .. 1 9► 6 carats .. 17 8 4 carats .. 14 1 3 carats .. 10 71 2 carats .. 7 1 1 carat .. 3 6 ;arden. Loads W.C. (PRIZE MEDAL AWARDED). ALLEN'S PATENT PORTMANTEAUS and TRAVELLING BAGS, with square opening& LADIES' WARDROBE TRUNKS; D (NG BAGS, with silver fittings. DILSPATCII PANES, WRITING and DRESSING CASES, and 600 other arGcles fur boats or continental woman Illustrated catalogues post tree. Alio Allen's Barrack Tonnauy insaanga• ot Portable Bed steads !F , Drawers. Rag Chaim Washhand-wanda Cant*" ha.. IFT 4 ": J. iV7A L L , Manufacturer and Patentee, ST, Went Strand, London. W.O DAVIES'S BEST DIP CANDLES, d. iper lb. ; 6* palace paraffin candles, ls. Bd.: /Wm. 161 -la 1044 botanic war, lc. composite, nd., (ficl . and 100.; moulds, aid. , yellow snap 36a, 405., 445, and 48a. per 1I211) : mottled. 48s. Seat Voles oil. 45. 6d. per ;ninon ; for cash. at M. P. DA VIPS and PON'S, wax chandlers and Italian Oilmen. 63, St. IlarUn's-lane. W.C. Elte OVVreoo* TO COR3JBPONDE2fTS. Idvertrementa Intended for "The Snorer," London Ironing per rust be at the Mon 10, Bonvarleetrer, by Two on the dar of publication. Dlol.l' LADIL Tins Evismo, FAUST. Mr. Phelps, Mantra Edmund Phelps, Harcourt. Warner, Webb, Temple, etc.. Mesdames Herman Vrnn, Vandenhott, &e.—Aad THE MILLER AND His MEN. Messrs. Ryder and E. Phelps: Miss Edith Stuart. HAYMARKET. THIS Evisine, ROMEO AND JULIET. Kama. Chippendale, Howe, Loners, Kendal, Clark, Compton, &c.; Mee lame Scott litddons, Chippendale, itc.-14.1 PARTS AND BACK Ildt LA Mr. Backstone.—And MY HUSBAND'S GHOST. rantcann. Tars RVIORNO, POOR PILLIGODDY.—After which ARRAR NA POGUE. Marra lloucleault, Vining, D Murray. J. G. More, G. M. Neville. &c Rim Hughes end Mra. Boucicaula —And 110. ONIC. ROUND nue CORNER. LYCEUM. Taro Emma, THE OF THE MILL.—TH E LADY OF LYONS. Mr. Yachter, Messrs. Jordan. Addison. Calhaesk Melba, Dalton. Stuart, and Frances; Misses Us worthy sad Carlotta Leclercq, Mrs. Marston. STRMID. Tins IviNnta, OUR Dcalßimai. Mmes. Poisons. Thhrne. and James; Mesdames 'diastase sad Weethenby.—After which WILLIAM TELL WITH A VENGEANCE. Maws. James and Thorns ; MW Ada Swanborougb, dc.—And DRAY AS A INAhT. HOLBORN. THIS EVIHHNO, DANDELION'S DOWEL —And FOR LOW. Mean. H. J. Montague, Price, Garden, Westland, and H. Wld• dicumbe: Madames Htepbens. Henrade, Jenny Wlllmore, and C. Baunders.—To conclude with A. 8.& Mr. J. W. Rey. BRITANNIA. THIS Barna°, BREAK BUT NOT BEND. Mrs. 9 Lane. — The American Minstrels and Japanese Tommy; MM. Coutel lier and El'l.e.—Willi LION LIMB ICING Ole THE SOUTH SEA ISLAM DS. NIGH WATER AT LONDON DRIDOIL INis DAT —Nneeing. fib. Me.. —...titanseak lb. 43161. Altosaow—Mornbg, 74 Ma—. —Angina" To. ota. LONDON, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 6. THE discussion which took place in the Court of Common Council on Thursday, and the deputation which, on the same day, visited the Pazainser of the POOR-LAW BOARD, forcibly illustrate some of the evils of our Poor-law administration. The system of double government has often, in the history of that administration, resulted in a deadlock of the machinery, and disputes between the local and the central authorities perpetually occur. The Poor law Board is sometimes arbitrary in its move ment:4, and the local Boards of Guardians are generally obstinate in the preference of their own way. Perhaps there is sometimes a little want of consideration for local opinion in the action of the Board, and there is very often a stout deter mination on the part of the Boards of Guardians to resent any interference by the central authority in what they conceive to be their own concerns. We do not know that the present difficulty, which Mr. CRAWFORD says "is exciting the strongest " feeling throughout the whole of the City," can be distinctly traced to either of these causes. So long as the City proper is merely • small muni cipal Goshen in the wide Egypt of this unor ganized metropolis, the citizens do well to be jealous of their privileges, and to preserve their municipal immunities intact until the whole metro polis enters into their possession and enjoyment. But it is difficult to see how far those privileges are really endangered by that which is now pro posed. In no point does it directly and immediately touch municipal interests, sad it only bears upon those interests as it might indi cate, as the speakers of the Common Council sus pected, "an ulterior design" to break down the distinction between the City and the rest of the metropolis. But it is greatly beyond the power of the Poor-law Board even to entertain such a design. The City government may conquer and annex the whole metropolis, but the metropolis can have no desire to reduce the City to its own half-governed condition. And certainly in the admi nistration of the Poor Law, which has no connection with municipal affairs, the one thing to be desired is that all local divisions should be swept away, and all distinctions between various parts of one great city should be broken down, and that the whole of the wealth of London should be equally rated to the support of the whole of the pauperism of London. The present difficulty has arisen from the partial application of this principle by the Legislature, and from the unwise exercise of their powers by the Poor-law Board. The Metropolitan Poor Act of this year, which was univers►lly accepted as an instalment of a most beneficent reform, gave the Board power to form Unions and outlying parishes into districts for the purposes of the Act. In the exercise of this power the Board proposes to annex the parish of St. Luke to the East London Union, and that of St. James, Clerken well, to the West London Union. The City pro per is divided into three Unions, of which the Central Union is a rich one, and the Bast and West are both poor. Instead of making the three Unions of the City into one district, the Board proposes to join a large poor parish to each of the poor Unions, and to leave the Central Union as it is. But the Earl of Davos distinctly told the deputation which went to him on Thursday that this arrangement was only " proposed," and it is very probable that the opposition excited by it may cause some better arrangement to be made. The Board, like other Government departments. seems to have no faculty for ascertaining local opinion before it forms its schemes. It is not till it has raised a storm that it becomes aware of opposition, and even then it does not always bow to it. Its powers are ill-defined, and the conflict with local authority is almost incessant. It will be observed, however, that in these cases the difficulty arises out of the present imperfect' system of rating. The purely parochial system made it of but small importance with which pariah any others were joined in union. Each parish supported its own poor independently of the others, and the rates might consequently be rushing on one aide of a street, while on THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 5, 1867. I the other aide, which was in another pariah, they were comparatively light. But the Act of last year, which distributed the whole cost of the poor of any Union equally over all the parishes which compose it, has had the result of making parishes careful of the company they keep. A poor parish added to a Union may raise the rates over its whole area, a rich parish in a poor Union reduces the rate in all the other parishes by taking its own proper share of the burden. Of course this is distinctly a step in the right diroctior, and in the country districts it is working well. But the inequality it was intended partially to re dress still exists in towns ; and in large cities it is almost as great as it was before. If all the parishes in a large city made, as they should do, one Union, the rich quarters would help the poor quarters, and justice would be done. But the City of London, divided into three Unions, is an example of what occurs in most large towns under the system of Union rating. Of the three Unions of the City, Mr. BEDFORD stated that the East and West, which are poor, are paying respectively 3s. Gd. and 4s. in the pound poor-rate, while the rich Central Union pays only Bd. But even this is not the whole extent of the in ' equality, for according to Mr. BEDFORD'S state ' ment an equalised rate of Is. Id. in the pound , would cover all liabilities, so that to save 6d. in the pound to the rich Union 2s. l Id. and 2s. M. in the pound respectively are drawn from the poor Unions. In this view of it the inequality becomes a hardship and an injustice. It is not wonderful 1 , that the Unions should protest, with considerable vigour and demonstration, against the annexation to them of still larger and perhaps poorer parishes, , even though it be only for the purposes of the Act of the present year. I This inequality between the Unions of the City might be more than matched by comparing the Unions of the East and West of the metropolis. But these vast inequalities are so universally known and so entirely condemned by public sentiment, that their eventual abolition is certain. Even the I Act, the unwise execution of which has raised this protest, is a step in the direction of their aboli tion. Union rating is itself only a large step towards a yet larger, but it was prepared for by exactly such changes as the present Act makes in ' the incidence of metropolitan rating. Certain Union expenses wore charged to a common fund to which all the parishes contributed alike, and this was speedily followed by a like treatment of . all the expenditure upon the poor in the Union. The Metropolis Poor Act creates a common fund for the whole metropolis, to which it charges thecoat j of asylums, dispensaries, relief of destitute persons under the Houseless Poor Acts, fees on Registra tion and Vaccination, and some other matters, so that the whole expense of these departments of r Poor Relief will henceforth be borne equally by all parts of the metropolis. Perhaps by the time the new Parliament meets, Government may be ready to propose the next step, and apply to the whole relief of the poor the principle which this Act applies to a part of it. It is a mere question of detail whether this would be best done by mak ing the metropolis one great Union under one administration, or by federating the existing Unions and parishes. What is required is that none should be able to shirk the burden which belongs to all ; that rich parishes should no longer be encouraged to repudiate the alliance of poorer parishes, nor poor parishes have reason to look suspiciously on one another ; but that a community of interest as well as of duty should be established between all sections of the metropolis. Poverty is necessarily somewhat localised, but no locality can circumscribe the duty it imposes op Society at large, and none should be allowed to limit the legal responsibility it entails. OUR OONTEMPORARIEt3. (THIS DAY.) The Times conceives that Garibaldi and Rattazzi are unconsciously playing into each other's hands, and sug gests that Rome might now be trusted with self-govern ment, under nominal papal supremacy. The question is • vital one to the Italian people, for by carrying his seal for the Pope's safety too far Victor Emmanuel may grievously endanger his own, and whatever is lost to the emir of constitutional monarchy is clear pin to republicanism. In another article the Tina replies to some carious remarks against free trade, which ham appeared in the London correspondence of the New York Timer, and for which that paper would not by any means consider itself re sponsible. The Bishop of Capetown has another letter to the Tina in which he draws some fine distinctions. He did not mean to say, and believes he did not say, that the Primate recommended anything or anyone. He merely wished to say that his Once concurred in the view taken by the " conference, and that now there was no further impedi ment in the way of the consecration of • faithful bishop for Natal." It appears, even now, that there is a dispute among the bishops themselves what the oonferenoe actu ally did decide. The Bishop of Capetown asserts that it has appended to its resolution the two latter resolutions of convocation ; but he tells us that the Bishop of London supposed that only the third had been adopted. The Tina observes that it will not add weight to the decisions of the oonfermice to find this important question wee discussed in snob • manner that the bishops did not even know what it was that they agreed to. Commenting on the present agitation in American politics, the Daily New remarks that President Johnson has deliberately steered the vessel of State back again into the storms from which it was so steadily emerging, and be will deserve his fa' .e if he is thrown overboard to still the Wave,. The drunken display at the Durban dinner, deessibed in yesterday's Express, leads the Daily Neva to say that the 111511124 in which university men and afters in the army conduct themselves like this are exceptional ; but the exceptions are sufficiently numerous to be characteris tic. It is to be hoped the day is near when even they will learn that he who gratuitously wounds others stains himself. The 2Wegraph thinks that • wilder idea than Lord Lytteltonlo, that dissenters would rush into the arms of the church if only she would pare away • few deformities, it is hardly possible to conceive. The Star praise' Mr. Griot Duff's address to his con stituents as an able and eloquent programme of liberalism. The Standard oontends that Rome would be an embar rassment to Italy, and it is beyond all question that, now at least, she cannot obtain it. years. His observant mind has learned to bit the sort of levity Englishmen love to see on the surface of life, from Lord Palmerston ; but that, as be well knew', can never be more than a aeoondary and minor support to him. He mold not live really up to it, and it would bore him if he could. If he succeeds in finding a tory democracy, which is exceedingly doubtful, he will "create " an appropriate policy by which to rule it. Treating of the falling off in the revenue, the Examiner says we are nationally living too fast, and spending too much money in the most unprofitable of all unprofitable ways. We have tacitly acquiesced in the outlay of 10,676,1011. for the navy, and 14,b75,5401. for army, ord nanoe, and fortifications. By this gigantic expenditure, in a time of general peace, we do all in our power to jus tify, by our example, • like expenditure in France and Spain, and Italy, to say nothing of other countries of Europe. Is it not high time that we should make coop moo cause with the industrious communities around us, against the plundering and pauperising system of overgrown armaments ? What is our Foreign office for ; or what has it done to meet this para mount demand of the time ? Expeditions to Abyssinia will only serve to deepen the deficit which want of em ployment ►t home has begun to dig. But what is diplo macy doing to induce France, or Prussia, or any other nation, to disarm ? What disposition does the government of Lord Derby show to retrench our own military expendi ture at home or abroad ? If Italy be well advised she will never consent, the Saturday Reliefs tells her, to so suicidal a proposal as a European Congress to settle the Papal question. The whole key to the future tranquillity of her provinces lies with the imperial government at Paris. Do what it may, the French empire cannot make the temporal power last beyond the Emperor's life time. By threats of intervention Napoleon 111. may screw up the Florence cabinet to stay action against indi vidual adventurers. But the passion for Rome bas pos sessed the people too completely to be eradicated now ; and in the long run the popular adventurers who profess to be its exponents will be too strong for the mom moderate liberals. France, if she is wise, will endeavour to arrange the matter while she can still arrange it on her own terms. The time is fast approaching when she will be unable to dictate terms at all to Italy—when Victor Emmanuel must break decisively with France, or with his own subjects. Of the late display of Fenianlim in England, the Chronicle remarks that the importation of desperate men, animated with intense hatred towards the established order of the country, is a serious prospect for the coming winter. Crimes of violence are already sufficiently com mon in the great towns ; and, with the police authorities distracted by a constant suspicion of political conspiracies, ordinary offenders are likely to find increased opportunities of escaping detection. Irishmen who have emigrated, if only across the Channel, are usually the mast dis affected of their race ; and few people are aware how large an Irish element is mingled with the working classes in England, or how influential It has become in many asses from its resdiness of speech and aptitude for secret organisation. No doubt in many parte of the country, particularly where religious animosities happen to be strongly developed, the Irish are regarded with very great disfavour. But among the artisan elan religion is not a common cense of strife, while recent experiences at Sheffield and Manchester have shown that crimes com mitted for a political or quasi-political object are by no means viewed with universal disfavour. LAII:ST INTEL LIGEN CB. (1121TrileS TZLEGRAIIB.) THE PAPAL STATES. FLORENCE, OCT. 4, En:Nov. Advicea received here from the Roman frontier announce that the insurrectionary movement still continues, and that new bands of insurgents were assembling at different points. FRANCE AND ITALY. FLORENCE, Ocr. 4, EVENING. A denial is given to the rumour that Chevalier Nigra, the Italian minister in Paris, is expected at Florence. The Opinion, referring to the move ments of the same diplomatist, asserts that his journey to Biarritz has not at all the object as cribed to it by the French journal La Patric. THE KING OF PRUSSIA. HOHENZOLLERN, OCT. 4. _ _ The King and Queen of Prussia arrived here yesterday. His Majesty and tho Crown Prince were greeted by Dr. Simeon, the president of the North German parliament, to whose address the King returned a gracious reply. Dr. Simon was present at the inaugura tion of the castle chapel, and had the honour of being invited to the royal table. Their Majesties left for Sigmaringen this afternoon. It is understood that the King has declined the offer of taking up his residence at the royal castle during the stay of their Prussian Majesties at Nuremberg. The King of Bavaria will meet King William on Sunday at Augsburg, where their Majesties will dine together. THE WITRTEMBURG CHAMBERS. STUTTOARDT, Ocr. 4. The draft of the Military Service Bill has been referred to a committee of the Chamber of Depu ties. The bill renders military service compulsory upon all classes, without substitutes, and fixes the period altogether at twelve years, three being passed in the regular army, four in the reserve, and five in the landwehr. The chambers shall settle the numbers of the regular force. THE BADEN CHAMBERS. CARLSRIIHE, Ocr. 4. A bill affecting several changes in parts of the constitution has been unanimously passed by the Chamber of Deputies. The qualification for election is abolished. The bill also provides that members shall not be made responsible for their speeches or votes at the Diet, save in certain cases stated. OVERLAND MAILS. BOMBAY HRAVY MAIL. GIBRALTAR, Ocr. 4. The Ceylon arrived at 1 a.m. to-day and leaves at 9 a.m. for Southampton, where ahe may be expected on the 9th inst. THE CALCUTTA, CHINA, AND AUSTRA LIAN MAILS. The steamer which arrived at Suez yesterday with the Calcutta, China, and Australian mails was the Mongolia, not the Nyanza, as previously announced. AXERIOA. (IT ATLANTIC TIM:UM.) NEW YORK, Ocr. 4, 6 r.R. The steamer Cella arrived out to-day. Closing Prices :—Gold, 144 i. Sterling exchange on London, 109 ; 5-20 United States Bonds, 112 ; Illinois, 1211 ; Erie, 64k. Cotton—Middling Up land, 21. Money very tight ; exchange firmer. PHILADELPHIA, Ocr. 4. Petroleum, standard white, 35. assume very great proportions, and lead to most serious consequenoes. The insurrection, by be coming general, would be the signal for a general ri s i ng of the Greeks and Sdavonians who are still under the domination of the Ottoman Porte. We have some intelligence about the famous wines of the Duke of Nassau, seized by the Prus sians on the ducal domain last year at Rudesheim, and afterwards deposited at Coblents. It seems that by order of the Prussian ministry they wilt be sold at Wiesbaden ; while the wine sequestered at Strasburg is to remain in the possession of the duke. The wine to be sold is of the moat re nowned growths of the Rhine, and its value is estimated at more than 600,000 florins. This will not escape the attention of connoisseurs. A fatal and highly contagious disease has broken out among the pigs in the environs of Aix. The mayor has interdicted the slaughtering of pigs for the market, as well as the sale of fresh pork through out the whole extent of the commune. The Bourse is somewhat steadier to-day, with an improvement in the Bente. The Italian Fives, which closed yesterday at 45fr. 40c., opened at 46fr. 50c., but this price was not maintained, and quotations ultimately went down to 46fr. 10c. Credit Fonder has improved, and railway shares have gone up, some of them considerably. ANTICIPATED FENIAN ATTACK ON VOLUN TEER ARMOURIES IN LONDON. For some days past alarm has been occasioned at the headquarters belonging to revers.' corps of metropo litan volunteers in consequence of private information that a Fenian attack on their armouries was contemplated. Without questioning the authenticity of the commu nication' received, the chiefs of the volunteers made known their fears to the police authorities. Last night and early this morning an assault on the armouries in connection with the 40th Middle sex Rifle Volunteers, situate in Gray's-inn-square, and Gray's-inn-lane, was fully anticipated. It seems that in the course of yesterday an intimation of the threatened attack waa forwarded to the colonel of the corps, and a similar document was received by Lieutenant- General Lugard, under-secretary at the War-office. The facts were accordingly laid before the police officials, who immediately sent • large body of men to watch the place, while the constables walked two and three abreast in Gray's-inn-lane. A ready response was also evinced on the part of the volunteers themselves, who mustered strongly with a determination to stand by and protect their arms should it be found necessary. It is a fact, however, that during the night and up to a late hour this morning the neighbourhood of Gray's-inn-lane exhi bited a greater stillness than on ordinary occasions. An official letter has been forwarded from the War-oflice to the headquarters of the 40th Middlesex ordering the immediate removal of the armouries ; and this morning an escort of the Coldstream Guards, under the command of Colour-sergeant Meyers, was depatched from the Tower to superintend the removaL Tbe proceeding. attracted many spectators. Its said that threats have been raised against the depot of the 39th Middlesex, and an order for the lodgment of their armouries in the Tower is also expected. WILATHER REPORT.-(THLS DAY.) SATURDAY, OCTOBII 5, 8 A.K. r. Nalremn. Sae, & 1. W. 163 1 .---.---.., W. L. L a, 11 1. D. 11. ------.. -- --- —, Halm 36.1030 W.N.W. N.L ob ' 1 Aberdeen 1 1 ,116 38 N.W. N.N.W. rb :0 06 kith Ardranan . po.sf, t 2 N. N.W. obi 1 Oreencaatle F.:5 hi L.N.E. N.N. W. re 0.42 - Valentin Roche's Point 30.23 50 N.N.W. N.N.W. oc 1 4 Liverpool t. 20 41 N. N.N.W. c 1 2 Holyhead - Peumase 00.103 N. N.N.L. ro 0. greet Lorton; 0 .1246 N.W. N. N. W. co ' Rochefort 30.16 45, N. I N. W. be . Plymouth 1100640 N.W. NICE. br 0.1 Weymouth 10.12 KN.& I Z. or 0.11 Portsmouth 30 11 431 N.N.L N. c Londou - Yarmouth 49.98 4 01 3 N. N. W. W.& W. r 0.83 4 Scarborough 13.00 N. NM. N.N.W. be 1 057 4 Shields 110 4.1 1 N.W. N.N.W. he 5 Helder - - =MARK& The atmospherical pressures over our Wands dill those existing yesterday morainic, although 0114:1 taken place, chiefly at V death and Shields. A fresh n blob prevailed on mast parts of our coast. It has b Penzance : at which place and at Valesdia the strong from the northward, with a _high sea. Kin . Temporal far little from diatiom hays iortherly wind down a gale at wind Is now ewhere wind. MR. BAXTER, M.P., WITH HIS CONSTITULVTS. _...._- On Thursday evening Tar. W. E. Ba x t er, the member for the Montrose burghs, addressed a large me e t, ing of his constituents in the new Public Hall, Arbroath, Mr. BAXTER, in the course of his speech, said—ln paid both of intellect and oratorical power Mr. Gladstone stands head and shoulders above every one on our aid e except Mr. Bright ; but there should be no minim : l ee . standing, and I hope that those who take the same view of future policy as has now been indicated will make it c l ear to the right hon. gentleman that those are our terms, that no temporising measures will do, and that if he in. tends to lead on the party to liberal victories, he must throw himself heart and soul into the cause, cut himself loose from all ecclesiastical trammel s , an d regard the Oxford of his youth as a mere house of bondage. (Hear, hear.) Yon will observe, gentle men, that in this sket ch of questions likely to be taken up by the men of movement, I make no mention of the suffrage. That I believe to be settled for our time : not that the settlement is final, for nothing human can be so ; but that the concession is so great and extensive that it should have • fair trial for many years to come. There will, however, be dilliculty under the present system in recording th e suffrages of such • numerous body of electors, and my belief is that we shall be driven to adopt the ballot, not so much as a means of preventing bribery and intimide ' tion, but in order to facilitate the process of voting. Tories as well as liberals to m knowledge entertain the view, and after what o this year let no man say that it is chimerical. Now, as to the redistribution of seats, it is idle to think that what was done this session can possibly settle that question. The measure in that respect was a perfect sham, and most people now ,see although perhaps they will scarcel y . admit it, that Lord Russell and Mr. Bright were right IA advocating the two subjects being dealt with by different bills and at dif. ferent times. Mr. Baxter went on to speak of an increase in the members for Scotland, which he proposed should be accomplished by taking one member from every burgh of less than 12,000 inhabitants which now had two. He went on to advocate • self-working plan by which every pert of the three countries would be equally represented, and whisk would not require to be altered every few years as changes take place in our areas of population. This can. not be done as long as we adhere to our ancient system of representation by counties, where men vote i n right of their properties, and burghs where they vote by right of residence ; but it is done, and most effectually done, under the American system of equal electoral dire tricts, in favour of which I confess to you that my mind is gradually turning, notwithstanding former declarations to • contrary effect ; end for the following reasons :-1. It is almost the only part of the American State machine which works so smoothly that no one of any party has ever found fault with it. 2. It would put an end to the perpetual bickering between town and country. 3. It would obviate the necessity of all redistribution bills for the future, 4. The tendency of all the proposals made on the subject last year and shim year by government, as well as private members, has been to divide counties or enlarge towns, which means electoral districts in the long run. I had almost forgotten one other argument in favour of electoral districts—viz., that they would provide for in far the beet, in fact, the only sound and defensible mode, the representation of minorities. There is, no doubt, something in the argument that every voter should be represented ; but I venture to prophesy that the clumsy expedient of giving • constituency three members, but on the occasion of a general election allow. ing only two votes to each person, will last • very short time. I would abolish all votes in right of property, and give each householder one vote only, for the place in which he usually resided. Next session we will have to take into serious consideration the subject of corrupt practice* at elections, which are • national disgrace, and have been too long trifled with by parliament. After briefly referring to several other questions, Mr. Baxter concluded by saying—By your vast kindness you have encouraged me to speak openly, candidly, and with. out reserve ; and it will be a source of no little happiness to me if these views in general meet with your approba. Coe, believing as Ido that their legislative adoption is necessary to prevent the decline of this great country in prosperity, influence, and power. (Great cheering.) At the close of the address, • few questions were put by members of the audience, and were answered by the bon. gentleman. Provost LUMGAIR then moved a resolution expressing confidence in Mr. Baxter as their representative, which was unanimously carried, and the proceedings terminated. Mr. GRANT DoYr, M.P.—On Thursday night Mr. Grant Duff delivered his annual address to his con stituents. The hon. gentleman, as is his wont on them occasions, drew several sketches of his political contem poraries and philosophised on the leading parliamentary events of the year. He anticipates that in the bill of next session the freehold franchise of Scotland will be reduced to five pounds; that the at tempt to interfere with the Falkirk and Kilmarnock boroughs will be abandoned ; and that the government contemplate creating • new group of boroughs, to which one seat will be given. Mr. Grant Duff spoke strongly in favour of extended education ; and avowed himself in favour of the compulsory principle. Another part of hie speech was devoted to army reform, upon the urgency of which he insisted with great emphasis. He advocated the abolition of the purchase system, and the abolition of the double government of the War-office and the Horse Guards. He utterly opposed Lord Russell's scheme for settling the Irish church difficulty by • general endowment of sects in Ireland. He reserved the discussion of foreign end colonial topics to • future opportunity, but concluded with some wise words of counsel to the French not to intermeddle with the affairs of Germany. Ms CARLYLS'S ADVICE.—Mr. Carlyle has re printed from Maemillan's Magazine, with additions and ow. rectioiss, his paper entitled, "Shooting Niagara ; and After! . In the additions he throws out one or two suggestions to the aristocracy in connexion with literature. Put briefly, what he says le this. Don't embark in art, poetry, or the like. It is not pleasant singing that we want, but wise and earnest speaking. These ornamental pursuits are all well enough for people at their ease ; but " to per sons still wrestling with deadly chaos, and still fighting for dubious existence, they are a mockery rather." Don't have anything to do with fiction either, which G too near akin to lying. Literature generally you will also do well to leave to itself. Is. fifty years, I should guess, all really serious souls will have quitted that mad province, left it to the raring populaces ; and for any noble-man or useful person it °l 2 be • credit rather to declare I never tried literature; believe 030, I have not written anything ; and we of ' lite rature' by trade, we shall sink again, I perceive, to the rank of street fiddling, no higher rank, though with end less increase of sixpences flung into the hat." The thing to do, in fine, is to write the History of -England. "To write the History of England as a kind of Bible (or in parts snd snatches to sine it if you could), this were work for the highest Arista or series of Aristoi in Sacred Literature." They are especially to avoid giving the moral sense of history. The Saturday Review remarks :—" There is enough political immorality in Mr. Carlyle 's histories to create a nation of brigands. The disciples who should venture to esk whether Frederick, in invading Silesia, was jestitied by those principles which are believed to be best for hums* well-being, whether Cromwell acted righteously at Drag beds and at Wexford, are rebuked with portentous coo. tempt for their folly in measuring great historic 0010110 by the ordinary rule of right and wrong. You may not ask of any of thee, transactions, Was it wrong? A garrison is put to the sword in a peculiarly bloody and relentless manner. You humbly so gest that surely this was wrong. Hereupon the prophet annihilates you with the crushing inquiry whether you dare to ' wed the heaven's lightning ; and you are fain to go away as con tentedly as you can to compose a new moral code for your self. ' Whatever ou do,' says Mr. Carlyle to his unborn Aristoi, ' extingu ish and eradicate this idle habit of "accounting for the moral system."' Any historian who attempts to draw out any clear filiation of ideas in hietorb to detect any order of evolution, any rhythmic series is moral conceptions, let him be for ever accursed, and We books burnt by the common hangman. Aa if it were not this interrogation as to the source and order of facts which gives us the control of them! Inquiry into the origin of moral sense discloses to us the means of cultivating and enlarging it. Study of the order of ideas in the past his tory of mankind enables us in some sort to understand the course of the present, end to prepare for the advent of a better future. Mr. Carlyle 's system—his genius keeps him out of his own pit which be has dug—reduces a great my to a majestic or swaggering guess-work, which de moralises the future of polities by overcolouring and weeping the past in history. Admiration of Frederick William leads straight to chairmanship of an Eyre De fence Fund. Declining to try to account for a moral sense, denying that there is any account to be got of it, is the natural preliminary to declining to discuss actions on moral grounds.' DIOCESE Or CHESTER.—ORDINATION.—The Lord Bishop of Chester purposes holding an ordination on the 22ml day of December next, being the fourth Sunday in Advent. He desires as a rule to have three mouths' notice from candidates ; but it is not necessary to be pro vided with • title in the diocese at the time of giving such notice. The necessary papers must be sent in complete not later than Wednesday, the 20th November next, (and particular attention is requested to the fact that after that date no papers can under any circumstances be received), to the bishop's secretaries, Meters. C. J. R. Pliny and Gamon, Abbey-square, Chester, ' from whom the requisite information respecting them and other legal points maybe obtained. Graduates of Oxford must have attended the public lectures of the retina pro fessor of divinity, and at least one other course of divinity lectures ; those of Cambridge must have paned the vole's. Lary theological examination ; those of Dublin and Dor ham must produce the divinity testimonium of their uni versity. Students of theological colleges meat have com pleted the full course of two years, and produce the cer tificate of their college. Respecting the examination, ap plication may be made to the bishop's examining chaplain, the Rey. T. H Es*, Queen's College, Birmingham. SaMone' Emits.—The coasting seamen at Lowestoft are out on strike. We hear they are demanding 31. 5e- theyoyage. The rate of payment, we are told, used to be 2/. 15s. per vomit in summer and 31. 58. in winter. In the spring they agreed to go for 3/. per voyage all the year round ; but they are now making the demand aboveaaraed.—Sstfolk Chronicle. MEETING OF PARLIAMENT. We have reason to believe that it is the inten tion of ministen to call parliament together early in November, in order to obtain the votes in supply which will be necessary for the impending war in Abyssinia. Supplementary estimates are in preparation ; and although it is impossible to name with confidence any limit to the cost of the expedition, it is certain that under the most fa. vourable circumstances it must amount to several millions sterling. Whether the contemplated outlay is to be pro vided for by way of loan, or by an addition to the income tax, it will be the duty of the Chancellor of the Exchequer to lay before the House of Commons a war budget, and to ask its opinion on the nature and extent of the measures he may have to propose. Unless terms of submission should within the next fortnight be made by the barbarian chief to whom in an evil hour we have been tempted to concede diplomatic recognition, we may make up our' minds for a winter session.—Exasnam the Court. BALMORAL, Ocr. 3. The Queen drove out yesterday morning, accom panied by Prinoess Beatrice, and called on Lady Bidditlpb, and in the afternoon her Majesty went out, ac companied by Prince's Louise and. Prince Leopold. Prince and Princess Christian, Princess Louise, and Prince Arthur, drove out in the morning to Invercauld, and honoured Colonel and Mrs. Farquharson with a visit. The Marchioness of Ely has succeeded Lady Churchill as Lady-in• Waiting. Miss Macgregor has arrived at the Castle. A deputation from the Macclesfield Chamber of Com merce, consisting of the President, Mr. Brodriok, Mr. Barker, Mr. Broeklehurst, Mr. Mellor, Mr. 01liver, and Mr. Condron, had an interview with Lord Stanley at the Foreign-office yesterday. The object of the interview was to draw Lord Stanley's attention to the French Com mercial Treaty, which will expire in 1870, especially as re gards the silk trade ; and to the treaties pending between this country and Russia and Portugal. The deputation was introduced by Mr. K. C. Egerton, M.P. The Earl of Devon received at the office of the Poor-law Board, Whitehall, on Thunday last, a deputation from the Ward of Farringdon Without, consisting of Alderman Sir James Duke, Bart., M.P. ; Mr. Alderman R. W. Crew ford, M.P. ; Mr. Alderman W. Lawrence, M.P. ; Mr. J. Allwood, Mr. Ansell, Mr. Arthy, Mr. J. T. Bedford, Mr. J. Bethel], Mr. Booth, Mr. Brett, Mr. Bunning, jun., Mr. J. Butcher, Mr. Butterworth, Mr. W. Clark, Mr. Cox, Mr. Daniel, Mr. Edmunds, Mr. Ayoub, Mr. Fox, Mr. Fowler, Mr. Gillett, Mr. Harris, Mr. J. Holland, Mr. W. R. Hough, Mr. J. Howell, Mr. Joy, Mr. Kerechener, Mr. R, Knowles, Mr. Long, Mr. Lardner, Mr. Obbard, Mr. W. Payne, Mr. W. Peron, Mr. Potter, Mr. Preedy, Mr. Reeves, Mr. Seecombe, Mr. Tilley, Mr. Verge, Mr. Will more, Mr. Willman, Mr. R. M. Wood, Mr. T. J. Wood, Mr. T. .1. Wooltorton, Mr. T. Wright, Mr. J. Wright, and Mr. Young. ♦ deputation from the parish of St. Botolph, Bishops gate Without, consisting of the Rev. W. Rogers, the rector, together with the ehumbwardens, overseers, and several ratepayers had also an interview with the Bari sof Devon, at the office of the Poor-law Board on Thursday. Lord Lyons, the new Ambassador of Gres Britain, is impeded in Paris from the 15th to the 20th inst. The Earl of Mayo was yesterday presented with • memorandum from the Duke of Leinster sad several gen tlemen, proposing that the government should purchase our exhibition building for its cost (92,9001.), for the pur pose of concentrating in it all scientido institutions in Dublin, and oonstitute an Irish Kensington, under royal commission formed of Irishmen. The festivities in connection with the opening of the Town Ball and public parks at Preston were eon ' tinuedyesterday with eonsiderable enthusiasm. In the fore noon there was • great demonstration of friendly societies, and in the afternoon they proceeded, along with the Mayor and Corporation of Preston, and other gentlemen, to Moor. park, on the northern aide of the town. This perk, which is 100 acres in sitent, was opened by the Mayor of Pres ton. There was • east gathering of people. Afterwards Mr. Coawell, the aeronaut, made a balloon ascent from the park in the presence of about 80,000 persons. The balloon made • beautiful ascent, and landed between Bolton and Wises, at 25 minutes past 5 o'clock, or 49 minutes from the time of ascent. Last night there was • grand ball in the Guildhall of the town-hall. Lord Fermoy writes to the Times:—" There is bet one cure for Fenianism, but one way of sailing the question between American sympathisers and the advo cates of British connexion, and that ill by marshalling the loyal people of all dames and creeds is Ireland, and show. ing the world what is patent to every man who rosily knows Ireland and the Irish—that, taking Ireland from north to south, from east to west, an overwhelming mass, preponderating, if not in numbers, certainly in effective strength, for all psima.presirving purposes, and, if seer eery, for war, are to be found on the side of law and order as weft as Brttish connexion.' THE WEEKLY PRESS. Of the episcopal synod and its reported dealings with the Natal question, the Spectator says that after • schism promoted by the primate the next thing to look for is a rebellion authorised by the Prime Minister. The encyclical is an unctuous letter, drawn to " catch votes,. and we regret to say it got Welt unanimously signed. The seventy-six bishops conclude by prophesying the ap proaching coming of the Lord :—" Brethren beloved, with one voice we warn you ; the time is short ; the Lord cornoth ; watch aid be sober." In the sense in which this will be generally understood, if it is understood at all, perhaps one or two out of the seventy-six may believe It. In the only sense in which any thinking man holds it— God's periodic sifting of evil mad sham out of the church— we trust it will be so. The church needs it madly. The Spectator bolds that Mr. Disraeli will be far mere likely to try outbidding the liberals on great questions on which be bas a decent opportunity for a (red appetite the national patriotism, and to keep the earl and Indolent po. 'icy to fill up the interstices between his pester efforts, thin to plagiarise the policy of Lord Painterotetesdeelinisig EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (I/10X ODX Owl PARIS. FRIDAY EVENING. A report is current, and I believe it is not alto gether without foundation, that a state document on the situation of France with respect to Europe, is about to be drawn up, at the command of the Emperor, by M. Drouyn de Lhuys. The Journal de Paris affirms that the editor of this memorandum concurs in the necessity " of inaugurating a policy which shall raise the prestige of France, weakened during the past year, not only by the events in Germany, but by the hesitation of the cabinet of the Tuileries in the Mexican question, and in the affairs of Rome." This journal calls to mind the fact that M. Fould became Minister of Finance on the 14th November, 1882, in consequence of a memorandum written by him on the state of the Treasury, inferring from that that a similar posi tion awaits the ox-foreign minister after his expo/4 of the state of affairs with which he has been re quired to deal. It is said that M. Nigra has taken to Biarritz the draft of a treaty, prepared by General Menabrea, to receive the signature of the Emperor. Accord ing to the terms of this alleged treaty, the conven tion of the 15th September is to be so modified that France will hereafter hand over to Italy the duty of protecting what remains of the temporal power of the Pope. I give you this as a report rather strongly insisted upon, but which I think is not deserving of implicit confidence. At the same time, the affairs of Italy and the relations of France with that country are in so doubtful and precarious a position that it is impossible at this moment to say what truth there mayor may not be in rumours of this description. I believe M. Nigra lately handed to the Minister of Foreign Affairs a note from his government relative to the Roman question, which is now undoubtedly one of peculiar difficulty, and, perhaps, the most threatening to the peace of Europe. Press prosecutions in Paris continue. The go vernment has taken proceedings against the journal the Epoque, which is charged with publishing false intelligence in an article entitled " Derniere Heure." The Phare de fa Loire has also been sum. moned to appear before one of the tribunals to answer for an article headed " Ni Libert6, nj prospdrit4." If there are black spots in the political horizon hanging over Italy and France, things are looking no better in other parts of the world ; and Turkey and the Eastern question supervene to add to the anxiety and disturbance of states. A letter from Ragusa, in the doenir National, states that the Montenegrins, far from abandoning the field, have constituted two corps d'armee, one of which now holds a strong position near Vasscevici. They are represented as being within gunshot of the Turks, who desire to establish a blockade on the confines of Servia, destined to cut off all communication between that territory and the Montenegrins. As to the political view of the situation, the writer says it is true that Austria, Russia, and Servia herself are interposing diplomatically, but it is very doubtful whether Sonia and Russia are acting with sinceri4. Now, it cannot be con cealed that if war should break out in Montenegro, the Bulgarian insurrection, which up to the present time has been of little importance, will henceforth are generally light front N.C. to N. Much rain, acaintpaniad by ball, boa bAoa aa tr awe omit of Meeting. &re U. TB* VICEROY OF EGYPT AND THE ABYSSINIAN EXPEDITION.—We hear the Viceroy of Ras has oedema a corps of 10,000 men to proceed to the frontiers of Abys sinia. The authorities at Cairo fancy our expedition is not half large enough, and say we should send at least 40,000 if we want to produce a real impression. They also deprecate our purchases of Spanish mules, and almost laugh at us for buying them when we could get thousands of mules in Assyria which would stand the climate at 151. each. There is a talk of the French becoming lessees of the railroad, in which case England will become tenants by courtesy of the right of way.—Anny and Nary Gazette. The Jormal do Coraercio of Lisbon of the 29th September says :—" The King and Queen arrived last night from the camp at Tanoos. Their M►jesties are in perfect health, although an African sun was pouring its rays on the whole country which they traversed." Prince Napoleon is at present at his chateau, near Menden, with the Princess Clotilda and their children. The intelligence of the conversion of Queen Marie of Hanover to Roman catholicism—en intelligence first published by the Liberti—bas for some weeks past beeu circulated in Hanover,and it is added that the former catholic putor, Sohalberg, who has been banished from Hanover, figures on Vienna church lista as "Father Con fessor to her Majesty Queen Mary of Hanover." The second and final elections for the undecided cases for the Confederation of Northern Germany have sent 27 members to the Reichstag, of whom 4 were con servatives, 3 ancient liberals, 10 national liberals, 7 pro gressists, 2 socialists, and 1 clerical. A convention was concluded at Berlin on the 19th of September last, for the purpose of settling the rate property of the Duke of Nassau. Duke Adolphus re nounces for ever all claim to sovereign rights in the Duchy of NaallaU, in consideration of a sum of 15,000,000 florins, paid to him by the King of Prussia. Besides receiving this sum the duke will retain in his possession the palaces of Biberieh, Wielbourg, Platte, and the Chapelle-Busse, as well as the domain of Horneau and the estate at Kmnig stein. The next examination of candidates for direct commissions will commence at Chelsea Hospital on Wed nesday, the 6th of November. An alarming accident occurred on the Waterford and Kilkenny Railway, near Maryborough, on Monday night. As the up-train neared the station an engine at full speed came into collision with It. The driver of the engine was killed, but the passengers providentially escaped. - - According to a parliamentary return just issued the number of subsidised English mail packets, at the present time, is 149, 59 of which are screw steamers, and $6 are built of iron. Their aggregate horse power is 47,823 and their tonnage is 195,116. Ninety surgeons are employed on board of the packets. The crews number 10,770 men, of whom 3,261 are engineers and stokers. The packets carry 559 boats. The highest tonnage of any one packet is 3,471, and the lowest tonnage is WI The highest horse power of any one packet is 1,000, and the lowest is 16. The number of sheep sold at the great Ballinaaloe fair yesterday was 63,931. Last year only 47,637 were purchased, so that the increase amounts to 6,836. ESCAPE OP 114 ELEPHANT iw NOTTINONAM.--011 Wednesday morning last, between 4 and it &sleek, se an elephant (which had just been brought from Liverpool to be added to Kr. Menden' menagerie , at present showing in Nottingham) was being led up Wheeler :4 to that town, it broke loose from the men who bad o f it sa d rushed towards the Market - place, osissiderablyfrightening a number of stallkeepees who were preparing for she dare business. The animal was ultimately brought to a stand near the Flying Roses Hotel without any serious damage having been doom ------; L applintion John No address ; Jo No. 4, Ste Mate, of N, Blake 7, at ti our lint is breaking Faloon-ntro quantity of : kd po en. rtion o Mr. Rini William ID3 The evidi noose and John Leg some linen satarday p missed pies Miss Kar piece of Wu marked it, one side tin By Mr. mark, whic George VI and linen and W. DD sent for the asked him nobody be go there, Christmas. 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