The Express. — London, England, 1849-08-07 00:00:00

ar ta atonal ealettsud the British steamer Harpy madearryag the Argentite beg at the fore. The F k' c ement Astrolsbe, on bee arrival, sallied the sews, ad was answered by the batten's; the first it teretuisr el civilities of this kind for some t.me. Oe the CCA•1011 of the Queee's birth- isy Mr. Soulht ra a read party, at which were present the gird rii-rtfe ot the plate. Intereendon seems thus to be =Telaits end, and all the exp. nee England g e hare been at to maintain it has been in Fr's Calfornia we have nothing new. In a f-w days however we shall hare a sumer direct Gone Cowes, which will put us in possession of all we v iol to know. It is believed General Taylor has taken on himself to direct the formation of a military rvernirent, to co-operate with the local authority whatever it may be found to be. We have an arrival at Seim, with dabs from the C a ra de Verde to the 12th of Jure, stating that the mole of Monrovia has finished the Ceti' war tri umphantly. The exp.dition was carried to the sine ef action b 7 a French Wenner, the officers and men first repairing to church, and implotirl the divine sid in thesr behalf. Tce Spanish slave factor;es were terored and destroyed, and the trade is bt:ieved to be effcctually broken up. The English hare also seeeeided in breaking up the establishments at 113Slinas and Cape Mount. It is to be hoped that this is true, for otherwiee we we no way in which this crux I traffic can be destroyed. I have just heard, from an unquestionable source, that the interest due on the Pensylrania bonds will be punctually paid en the lst of August, from the regular resources of the state, and without recourse to temporary loans. PRILADELPIIIA, JULY The cholera appears to be on the increase the last few days, and haziness is at a complete stand still. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. 24 Pre Yollll. JULT 24. The week that has elapsed furnished little muter for a summary. Our none, in irket is ainitunntly supplied. The banks are at a Imo to employ thin foods. for gaol commertial paper Is scarce just la prosier.= be the general sweat= la =Wes. la the at tk masks: there is= activity than ia or pornous dates, without any =Wane fill to prim. Oar seal Ilit of quotations, w h ic h ai rubjustal, will sire the ruling rates to day. railway Ames we emviAit, dull because of the rtenarbable dlinlautise la neve m,. by rewon of the =Yrs. It 10, indeed, =howl sad eteam. w i g mapaLies, sad the keepers of hewn be our ebisf ribs:: sod Wires, that nialaly lei the tents of the is the fall= off of their seeenoned nape at thr die nsra: la 'mew" eachanitea bat little Is Wag. The nap of owitathms for ' eta baits ii hoot B to N. Oeastdr.M. mks Lae ban made at ' pe. The higher price la asked same beam, but rarely obtained. Oa Frartee, kW at 60 days. =kb are pawed upon the whole by parviisecrs to shorter dela kit wide blear pekes mu. t be puid, nay te mood at 1.63 Is iffe. Our amther pwerally throughout the land has as wet propitions to the Thad harms, which w awapleal la the Seetbera and Seetkosetsra Sega al now In fall proper. la the Middle and Weans gorotem Leapt in Oh* and p *Ably la &ahem Mao and ladies., the yield will be straniat end of la mall% la We Ginelimsh aOita) Garotte, of the 16th trait, It is said that the Walesa fiem owe, noulhera Isdikine, sad doethern Dinar, is tell nor to hod to the einvistioa that the wheat crop of thew start 'meat year will hil he Wow ea amass, :Ladle perhaps net mash wore tbea half the ammo, yield ef I= yea lea weevil, yoga end kids herve all Sid - as army la preamble tide failure of the enet Wale aMA The same piper, be wisdom to Weeny of Man sera al palates, hide the lanez ie wbbilk se he as ea harm. Ilea ad otarreatioa Ma; is le the seep paerally. The dreg& which, until •Ye Wye, pestle beembes4 Ise war eta noiseourable Is lab there padmils; he still the Mil all. et Is theabk be almedate ad taw far we her or we iodine a the Mk WI pan COrilif,ol l big Mlle MIS ander dale et 11th WM., on which ay the salso seashafkilWaler. a• wry fell plea, las beam beta right kW*, New Oeksse; ill the lith, 1,700 law were roil, al at the Mk after the roorptlea a the Ninprals new Uri balsa boa pershosers, at as advance of idle ie.; ad on Ws lab the Mmes! +a. was telly estalished, sad 2,We ban were tea, the marlin desk( wry . Woe then operations bag lea le a rata bead extent, the g alder sacra, and beam eery bra et gradally lamming On Monday. the lab, I,SIM bola = tess. ewe sold; an Swaim At" pleelplly We egret, ws W aka the woe quantity. On Thema , lilth. gigs reedbed ida % kW; and= Enday, the accounts par helm yea dee, and nassentarlly arced, the trammotWe PI not exceed 1,051 ham at wry tall ritek On Saturday monde& tiegrephis despatches were to bad. showing as advance on the eller Mr and pentanes wet bias arm truly, the saws of the e jud ....A 14 ...... 1.1., . Ws ha quotations of Friday Oa bale yew sold ad 1450 yestr, the rearkst anis witt ash Wetness. A it Motile am Ms jw.t naiad has en mitenske ems ash' threiek ths saws reps, wrier ir ire el the ra lest., writes : "The preral Gonda= of the erop le now pod, be absegh the planters had tesontand Withrow dfieeltleo thirlag tie menthe of May and Jae, they have fiery wasanisd hi wahine their sap Into adoeiraiis ceder. The pada oats* le a wry hop pin h be. thinness of the dad, a result ell the ace will, as ig has *ensiled be a wry bugs enlere, Ws of was. setally la the peso; must of mem = ili t L tha rats th• nollestim heleeteh7 wearier. the pia le wry sad end beamed, Wks not won Nan half s h e real of tide ewe sot the pear, het fa same pleas it kaki Imp he viewer . I retard the het remelt as entirely apes tale; with a beentabis lall, ad with am enssaglie 100 any eitraordinary din. low, I ea Ni weans a the meta watition of the crop that weeld reek/ impreaboale a Lk asap yield, sad therefore all =a ealwass 0041 pewee ankely eprocutaties until a law ths swan. Mg weather he the tot kw days kw bean rather sauna aka odd and way. We went dry washer, aft a bet rim. with slily an cmembesi amen, brew betatime to tlw la a Cialisr, to eras a Wearable Florasmesh." awl Sow Weems, Tema Uplende. and Walk. 1 Warier Warn . 6 to 61 --.....- b to if .—..... . 16 te II —.. 6 to 4 Milling bk.-.-.-.—..... to l4 woi rot ........... ........-. 91 so --- IS to lu4 Bar. isporh to Great Britain ideas Sept. lab WO --... 1.401,7nd Thamptalke dells led year .- - .. 1,1411,137 prelasee— 17.6111 Ole* is arab* ports ornesipt ---... InAlll 01111111.1.1011 arse ha par —...- ~..- WU per bane— e• ;the Noel& airports Ina apt.' 1, WO Oserapealai adesact per 2,241,3110 per wile 1,74,7749 Laporte fr Zia Veiled Wall ries* bp. I, 1146 Conespoadier dale bet yew -. 1,710.242 lain.— 1,0111,261 tiara.-TaiMedi, kr Zpaft band=immaylehembeprottd he We polaellsh on seam at 4 dells. 1115. to 4 en. NO. Wbon& The impasel trais, pert Scutari, three or good quality lIWI ME/ sawilJaa, in hos 'beim and Mine 4 dolls. 73e. tc 4 dotla. lbw be einwene Were ad Winters; • dolls. ae. to 6 dabs. Me. for pod awl abelebit bait a Inn ain Ohio; 6 don. 54c. to 3 dolls. t i t jee rr ri thitaniley Illaldnery and are MY as 4 Yee Me. ltr a de ri nes. °l6 = l 7 sew Weedy wine, to wile, he ben weilsat • dolls. Ea art Ewes silk sal dells. pm lank ea On Weal at 2 dolls.aw .Jersey Fl ew:* Prenlyelna la had at 6 lan 124 e. Guar.-Ina arab illeasts a Obis and a fcw other park the watinees to be reread mats el the destrection of the wheat mop to scene sabot by the rut, ha bow ether steetions there is • ka papa el an amp seep. The wise in this owlet lately haw it... 73 ogle. foe amass iftiesep he Wharfs, la to than. for ink be pod 0b10,1141 to 121 e. Ibr Owes, ra so ft. Odom worth KW On. per head. lee, r ante roe. sag at 67 to IRA per 011 m . lake ewe lea tries letter than et the ha day last area br-Nerthera yellow rand $5 ta 35jt, western yidkw al to Me., Ida anal 66 be KA, low nizsdN. te as, white is wares at a to Pk. Weights to Liverpool are dull sad have detlieed: the rates are now 6to I l-td. per bushel on own, and Ia ed. per WI. an lour. The exports from tills port toGreat made Ind Inland, toe the tort. night end ag the 17th %natant, hew bees MAO beans cora, 2,166 bushels wham, and 16,33 t barrels boar. _ JULY 23. There is wiry little dismal fir roams, the high rates keep law borers out et the reerket, owl okoilorikr the kst three daps toot up about GOO irks. assay sosmis Paw Orions, at ra pries& The Num market is wry doll sod isithoritemwd kw es •ort ; itostetiews are q round p dots. ke mod obi mil 471 Ms. ke YU Irkested old beak gore* with =sante miss. Cone Seel is mare% with nail atm, at 1.76 dole. kw lye new is steady. with sides linklots at I d da. par forret. The soppy sail denssid tre Wheat see d, sod boyas do wit met die views Sesame •,led to Ik. Is asked he reds, sad 110 to Ills. kw whits. lye is ass* M. The whet kr sore Is nearly steal, with oak asks et seed yellow at Mk. la Cuts Oro bullish' pod Osisweee hreeibit Os. pit babel. Sake of Wee work divot I* asks at R i ll per lb. TM dismod kw Coil is seed ke the look hot the of vessels limits operations, eat prises Iwo usehmiewL *Skin Y free or ked worthy at Mks. red se dmp la the wwsksto. Cot kers ore wooed st a W W inowevossot is mass, whisk riml I dol. tie. tot diL foe. to lei dd. Us. to t de. flee to lskad, sal Sea to Ns. per as le Now Twit. liekidas sou Y other trelidue. A moo et Ilakesso tins veld at deb. to del• kw 100. About NO WI& spkits kirsesilso soil tows the wisetst She. to ke. ask sod tires. • ale ellolleisesep aka woe nide sit as 73e. per WI. The whet kr mewls' hi ibissw-1•11 IA& k. 11. 0. said st its, he ie. Y Mbar well= widdits dtiSl, Pew pas time r • steady amok sad hotter mks ti husw an swift et leu i 18 Ile. ke hods. old Wu Ils. Ist shoehters ta lots ; Wes ars hand at dis. Wm, pork lofted st Ma lord la stied, tismail et Ile. to 74. tor Irk., sod 7le. Oa kw hop. Satyr i s do a t sp. *Miry Is quiet at hk. kr Ink Examen without math issismost at Ile. to 90. peuedout ke Merlin Ws. THE SAMPLE BOTTLE CASE AT THE THANKS POUCH COURT. TO TES IDTTOII OP TEI DAILY 111WII. SIR,—In your Thames Police report of Thursday, you stated that Cook and William, two commissioned offiosrs in her Majesty's Customs, who were charged with stealing a small phial of hrsody, were committed for trial. I beg leave to say that the commitment was withdrawn after your reporter left the office. The fact is, they are out on their reennisanors to ap pear tomorrow at the Thames Police-office.—Yours, &e., JOHN COOK, Jun. [On referring this statement to our reporter we find it to be correct.] Ax L`ffttllATED BIILLOCIL—NARROW ESCAPE. — Yesterday Memo= mak esasesrastioa was sassed in the fettfla seesememes of the swap of bullock which had kw from a ftr•bewes is Aldgate. Efforts were made te assamtbe beeM bat ors he dashed slang Feacharehoftest, thwack Lambeed-strest sad Biretta-lase, husking dews MS or twe isieeaa os the way. At the imolai of Priam Greet w 4 the Doran of Untamed's street, a mantissas had a must hair-hreadth name of heir% gored. The segry salami hatted with peat Sores at him as he au standing at the comer of the street, bat the harm easaiait is contact with the lamp lost, he escaped. Sud denly be reeked forward is the &Mien of Bartholomew- Lae, where he knocked down sa eld arm who wit sanylag • beg of eesirat, sad who had a mart 'Mamas The althea Mee ma towards Bead-street, knack* dewm se venl other pumas, most of whom resolved coatasieas amore eilns WT. re. He thea tamed Late Bishop/gate church yard, when he was meattally secured, sad afterwards • laughtered. encl.., • • OFFICIAL ACCOUNT OF THE QUEEN^S VISIT TO IRELAND. THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, AUGUST 7, 1849. good cheers for the Huovirian nation, who were PO nobly le ding the van dentin:Rion on the Centlnent. (Cheers.) The honourable gentleman, at some kngtk, denounced the conduct of Austria and the interference of Russia, sad concluded by expressing his conviction that if the people of the United Kis g tom were determined this country could decide the victory. (Cheer.) The reeolutioa woe ;carried naanimously amidst loud (leering. Lord DUDLEY STUART, MP., expressed his delight at seeing tee tinsels:nes feeling of the English rapt, from one end of the kindest to the other, la Savour of the straggle of the Hungarian nation, and indig nation at the conduct of their rethkes oppressors. The city of Landon, the borough of Idsryletnine, Bir mingham, Leicester, Cardiff, and other plane had already held their meetings. They heard from the hose member for Dundalk that Edinburgh met that day ; Wake. I field, Leeds, Manchester, and Liverpool and other places I were abort to follow the example. (Cheers.) The genii menta of a free people, like the English nation, were ever I ready to acknowledge and to support a nation struggling for her liberties. (Hear.) The emissaries of Austria were at , work, and at the greet meeting held in. the borough of Marylebone that day week, ears lad been taken to mien- , russet what he (Lord D. Stuart) had said. It had been stated that he declared the Hungeriansap were fight lag for a red republic. Now, what be did say was, that it mattered not to him whether they were fighting for a red republic, or any other form of go. vernment. (Cheers.) A nation had a right to choose its own form of government, without any foreign in terference. (Chan.) The toble lord conceded an elo quent address by moving a resolution to the effect: " That the meeting viewed with detestation and horror the barbarous trainer in which the Austrian and Russian generals are prosecuting the war against the brave Hunga rime, and considered their brutal and blood-thirsty conduct , deserving of the just and indignant reprobation of all , civilised nations." Mr. ST. JOHN seconded this resolution, which was also serried neon eon. Mr. NICOLAY moved the third resolution : " That the meeting considers the military ioter'erenee of Ratan in the affairs of Hungary wholly unjustifiable, and a groin violation of the law of nations, the indefeasible rights of Hungary, aid perilous to the peace, the freedom, and ge neral welfare of Europe." Mr. LONG seconded this motion, which was also carried. • Other reeolutioes were adopted, including one repressive ▪ seiVaction and admiration at the protest of the Ottoman Porte, and its refusal to allow the Russian troops to pass through the Turkish territory. It was understood that this was in compliment to some members of the Turkish ensbney, who were present. The meeting, aim *mks to the chairman, separated at lab hour. THE 00' ---- 08RORNE, AUGUST I.—Tek afternoon, at about a quarter rat 3 o'clock, her Majesty the Queen and his Royal Highness the Niece Albert embalm' on board the Victoria and Albert royal steam yacht. Her Majesty gad las Royal Highness so acoompamied by their Itoyal Highnesses the Priam of Wales, the Princess Royal, Primes Alias, and Prime Alfred, and attended by the Vinematue Jocelyn and eke Hos. Caroline Damon, the Hari of Forams* (Loyd Steward), lieut.-Col. the Hass. A. Gordo. and C. B. Phipps (Equerries in Waiiag), and SM Jame Clark. Mies Hildyard amid Mr. Birch were in masmience men the jean: Wenches of the royal family. The Right Hen. Sir George Grey, anima arrived from Southampton in the Elfin at the moment of her Majerv's embarkation. joined the royal party on board the Victoria sad Alber. At ball-pmt three the squadron got leader weigh. consisting at the following osemis: The royal yacht Victoria sad Albert, Captain Lord A. armH.M.S yachtßlsek Eagle, Master.coerniander . war-ittallier Sphinx, Commander Hewlett ; H.M. war-steamer Stromboli, Captain Lord A. Beauelerk ; steam-packet Vivid, Master-cminiander Smithett. The squadron was Piloted by the Battery at Cowes, and the yachts Wag in the Roads. Corn, AUGUST 2.—The royal yacht Victoria and A'bert entered the harbour of Cove at a little before tea o'clock this evening. In a short time Rear-Admiral Sir K. Dixon pro ceeded on board to pay his respects to her Majesty. He was received by the Earl of Forfeseue and the Right Hot. Sir George Grey. COTE, AvaraT 3.—This morning the ships in the har bour fired a royal salute at eight o'clock. Shortly after the Earl of Bandon, lieutenant of the county of Cork, proceeded on board the Victoria and Albe rt , and paid his respects to her Majesty end hie Royal Highness Prince Albert. The Marquis of Thomond, Rear-Admiral Sir M. Dino, Major- General T , c 'amending the district, had also the ho nour of being received by her Majesty on deck. The fol lowing officers were subsequently presented to the Queen : the naval officers commanding the vessels in the harbour, and the staff of the Major-Gmeral ecnunanding the dis trict. His Royal Highness the Prince Albertan lded in the morning, and walked for lam time, attended by Lieutenant-Colonel the Hon. A. ord's. At two o'clock bes Majety and his Royal lilatibets and suite embarked on bawd the Fairy, and after making a circuit of the harbour, passerded to the town of Cove, where *temporary building of very hand.nme proportions had been erected, in the hopes that her Majesty might be pleased here to land first upon Irish ground. l iar Majesty, upon the arrival of the Fairy off the temporary wharf, received addrewse from the inhabi tants of Cove and the members of the Rays' Yacht Club. The Queen and the Prince then stepped on shore amijat the roar of artillery and the most deafening acelamati ins of the thoesands who covered snubs& of grjund within sight lithe Moiling-place. Her 111iij pt y, having entered the temporary apartment, which was splendidly decorated, stood in frost of a throne, when a humble request having been made to her Majesty that the town might hereafter be milled '• Qoeen's Town," in commit moratioa of the Royal ?kit, her Majesty war pleased to give her cause; and a flag bearing the name by which the town was in future to be called, war immediately hoisted upon the building amidst the shouts of the inhabitants. The Queen immediately ',embarked on baud the Fairy, and proceeded up the river towards Cork, escorted by the Royal steamers Vivid, emnimadal by Lake ihnitkett, and the Banshee, by Master Commonage Ilsalthett. At Passage, the Royal yacht we stopped, some Ishermen having prayed to be allowed to present a salmon, with an address, as a testi mony of their loyalty. The offering of these poor men was graciously received by her Majesty. Upon her Majesty's arrival at ;Cork, addressee were :prt seated on the deck of the yacht by the Mayor and Corpora tics of Corm, the Bishop and Clergy of the Diocese • the Romeo catholic clergy of the diocese; and the mercgantr, bankers, and traders. Her )(spay was pleased to confer the Mame of knighthood upon the Mayor of Cork. The Queen and Prince then entered one of Lard Bsndos's car riages, and proceeded, attended by their suite, through rte principal streets of the town, ami dst the enthusiutic shouts of her Irish subjects. Her Majesty and his Royal lighnesa returned on burl of the royal yacht Victoria and Albert, at about a quarter before seven o'clock. In the evening, the Marquis of Themoad, the Earl of Bandon, Rear Admiral Sir M. Dixon, and Major-General Turner ((commanding the district), had the honour of joining themyal &neer party ea board the yacht. The junior breaches of the royal family remained on board the Victoria sad Albert during the day. WATIELPOILD, ACOVET 4.—The royal squadron not under weigh at ten o'clock this morning, and anchored off Passage at about a quarter pert lour o'clock. READING ELECTION. THE NOMINATION. :NT PLAN OF TRANSPOR TATION. (FROM ?XI =slew.") (CeXciladed from tha Papaw of July 12.) In considering the condition of *convict sent with a dam of leave to a colony, we aunt not overlook how this may be affected by the mole in which female convicts are to be dealt with. The number of female (*askss varies from elm wreath to one-eighth of that of the males; and the disposal of totem is a matter of great difficulty. In the case et females, imprisonment on the separate system and removal to a dis tant colony are found to be • mere severe punishment than ' in the case of men—as indeed we should naturally have anti cipated from their more impressible organisation. Then, the second stage of punishment is inadmissible in the mos of women ; for we cannot pet them to bard labour. Every attempt at associating them together, eves under damnifica tion, has, as yet, only made them worm than before. It would seem, therefore, that the amount of peniten tiary discip Me, to which it may be necessary that women should be subjec'ed under a sentence of transportation, ought to be inflicted ander careful seperiatendance at home, and that they ought never to be sent out to the colonies ex cept as holders of tickets of leave. In which case female penitentiaries in the colony would only be required for those who =kin misconduct themselves after their arrival. The only chance of reformation among females some to lie in placing them in the situation for which nature his in tended them, and In calling forth ths feelings of a wife sad mother, which, though dormant, are rarely extinguished in the female breast. Mr. Hampton informs us that the " ge neral good conduct of female convicts in Van Diemen's Land atter marriage is elmost incredible." Of this characteristic every advantage should be taken ; and we find that the goy. rument era now sending out the wives and families of those convicts who have received tickets of leave or con ditional pardons.. In some instances, the whole cost has been defrayed by this country; but where it is practicable, part of the expense is borne by the convicts themselves. It one of the stipulations in these cases, that the married convict shall mute to repay half the cost of sending his wife and family to the colony, unless that amount be contributed by their friends or by their parish's in England : power be ing Oven by the act 11 it 12 Vim., c. 110, to parishes to assist in this emigration, and to charge the expense upon the rata. Whenever this can be carried into effect, it will be an unmixed benefit to all parties. The disruption of the domestic relation has • pernicious effect upon the wives of transported convicts. They fee qu ntly become reckless and degraded, and, along with their children, are an expense and a nuisance to the parish. S 3 that it is of mamma gm this account, also, that these ties should be re-nailed as soon as possible—independent of the further security ob tained over the man, when he has recovered a partner and a home. It has been objected that this is an immigration of a corrupt female population ; but the disparity of the sexes is an evil of such magnitude, that no measure can be called a bad one which tends to reduce it. We must also net undervalue the providential principle of purification, which society contains in itself, and which arises oat of the in stincts of the legitimate parental connexion. It is almost ism possible to ersoicate the instinctive wish of parents to see their children not only more prosperous, but morally better than themselves. It is a great m'stske to suppose that mi. mina's are destitute of all god and kindly feeling', or of fondness for or pride in their children. Instances will occur to many of our readers of a vicious mother training her dm:liters is purity with a most sedulous are ; and this is cot confined to any particular rank in life. " I have met with very few instances of criminals trained to thieving by their own parents. I believe the case of married parents so bringing up their children for crime and infamy is rare, ergo amongst the lowest of the poor. Total neglect or total ina bility to discharge the proj.er duties of parents, low neigh bourboods, vile lodging-noun's, and the training which they get in the streets are quite enonith to account for ogress of ,rime amongst the offspring of the poor in our large therm The feelingi of nature are the last to leave the ftilloy oaf those aro to be found amongst the vilest of mankind mom than is generally thoeght.' —Sixth Report of the Penises. silk Commissioners—Chaplain'. Report. The final precaution taken by the government is, to pee vast the emigration to any one spot being too exclusively lof a tainted character. Happily the same circumetances which render a colony a suitable place for convicts, make It also desired by free emigrants; and this tend-1207 on their part may be encouras i ed and regulated by the joint'; efforts of the mother country and of the colony. Parlia ment has already voted 10,0001. to promote emigration to the Australian colonies. o.casional assistance from the saute quarter, the Colonial Land Sales Fund, and the repay ment of their pass ge money by the convicts will form suffi cient means, 11 judiciously distributed, to secure this impor tant point. If we compare the number of convicts annually sent from England either with the entire population of New South Wales or with the annual number of free emigrants, we find that there is now no reason to apprehend a recurrence of former evils. In New South Wales, when it was strictly a penal settlement, the confetti fixated a very large portion of the community. In Van Diemen's Land they were one half, What a very different prop rtion under the most unfavourable circumstances, they are likely to form of the future population of New South Wales, may be clearly soon from the census taken in March, 1816. At that time the population, which in 1841 had been 130,856, amounted in the whole to 189,609, being an increase of nearly 46 per cent. in five years, or an annual increase of one-eleventh. During them years there was little immigration, except from Van Diemen's Land to Port Phillip. Ent since the completion of the census, owing to the prosperity of the colony and the judicious manage ment of the Land Sales Fund, a larre immigration has set in ; the number of emigrants from this country to New South Wales, which in 1846 w.e under 400, h eying increased in 1847 to 4,610, and in 1848 to 12.24. Where free grants are augmenting with such extraordinary rapidity, the effect of introducing even a considerable body of convicts will not be material. When we hear in mind that some im provement in the convicts has already been effected, and that the present proportion of the tainted to the virtuous portion of the population is decreering every year, we may be justified in believing that the colony is no longer in dan ger of being swamped by an influx of criminals. The disparity of the sexes is too serious a contiileration to be emittad—especially ea, in New South Wales, the ptopor dia of males to females in the country districts war, at one time, so 6 to 3 among the free settlers, and no lest than 17 to 1 among the convicts. This disproportion, we are glad to see, is steadily diminishing. The census tables of March, 1846, are conclusive on the three important points—the ac tual proportion of the two f ; the comparative ratio of increase in each; and, what is of most consequence, the actual numbers of each sex in the younger part of the popu lation. The proportion of males to females in the total population is as 3 to 2. 14'm. Femalos. Monnav, Atari's' 6. The town wan kept in a date of commotion from rather an early hour by the bands and bonnets of two of the candidates parading the streets. The excitement reached it, utmost height, when an address appeared from another candidate, making a total of firs, who in their political senti ments varied from high toryism to chastises. The ew cindi date is Mr. Thos. Norton, who, for a period of mules years, held a seat on the the bench in Newfoundland, width , ap pears to so li cit the suffrages of the liberal electors. This gentleman was introduced by Mr. Georges Toompson, M.P. for the Tower liam:ets, and his address was in culation a few hours prior to the time appointed fur the nomination. Tim preliminary proceedings having been gone through W theldayor and Towe-clerk, Mr. T. SALMON proposed the first candidate. He was stare there was not en inhabitant of the town who had not heard with gratin:lotion that Sergeant Talfourd had been called to the tench. Sincerely did he hope that the author of " Ion" aid " Glencoe" might long be spared to adorn the seat of Janice by his enlightened ability, his genius, end his integrity. But they were now called upon te make choice of some one to supply his vacancy in the representa tion of the town—some one who, if nut of equal ability, should at least be like him in princple. He begged them to recollect that in the gentleman be had to propose, they would have one who was a friend to the eureses of agriculture, who owned as much land assay man in this country. (Cheers, and none the better for that.") lie believed they would find in Mr. Bowyer, whom he intended to propcse, a gentleman who would oppose all duties on corn, and maintain these privileges of liberty which they had long enjoyed. Ile begged to propose Mr. Giorge Bowyer as a fit sad proper Peron to represent this borough in parliament. (ttheers and confusion. I Mr. LETCHWORTH seconded the nomination. Mr. BOWYER said be stood before them to ask their suffrages ; be did not come as the nominee of any person or set of pathos, but as the honest exponent of those great principles of national improvement and progress which were maintained by the liberal constituency of this borough, and triumphantly maintained by their seal, patriotism, and unities. lie was not brought here by any strange member of parliament, but he came uninvited, believing Hat the liberal constituency wanted a candidate. There was no candidate in the Sell, he came down and offered himself, reeling a deep interest in the borough, and having a large stake m the county; therefore he must be a more ea ie representative of the borough thee any stronger could M. He thought they bad a greater hold upon him then sem any stranger. The hon. candidate spoke at length on these circumstances which had lid to a divi,ida in the liberal in terest, and then proceeded to dwell oa those political lapis' on which he conceived a constituency had a right to know the candidate's opinion. He began with the question of free trade, and 'evened himself as determined to support the principle, ter be had not seen that any of his tenants or labourers had suffered from its adoption. While they had free trade in corn, it ought to be carried out in everything else, for it was an inconsistency to confine it to one thing. It must be carried out in every branch of national c immerse, and to the fullest possible extent. It was absurd to talk of going backward to the old prinSple of protection. Toe constitution was progressive, and could net zissela in one particular state or form. (Cheers.) It was en the principle of progression he should legislate. With regard to economy he was determined, if they returned him to parlia ment, to enforce it in every branch of the public service, beiag of opinion that no one should be paid from the resonnser of the country but those who were gamed in its Denies. He thought that education ought to be given to the public without reference to the interests of any particular creed. The income tax, which was known as a war tax, was very objectionable, and he was in favour of a modification. He thought that allowance ought to be made for the disbuthe• menu in trade, and that It should be imposed on the net and not the gross produce of trade. To the endowment of catholic churches he was strongly opposed, and as to the ballot, it should receive his support ; and he was anxious protection should be given to every man in the ems, in of the franchise. As to the suffrage, that he would extend as people became educated, and he concluded by calling upon the liberal • to unite and support him at the poll. Mr. H. SIMONDS proposed, and Mr. Hodges seconded, thy nomination of Mr. John Frederick Stamford. Mr. SFAMFORD briefly addressed the Wester', saying that he was for maintaining that monarchical system of go. vestment under which he found the greatest liberties exist He was opposed to free trade, as it subjected the Winners of this country to an wade competition with foreign countries. Toe change by the abolition of protective duties was great, and the consequences, in his opinion, had been serious to the English termer. Ss was friendly with all sec tions of religiimists, but to dissenters and Rom= ca holies he could make no concessios, being a strong advocate for Church and State, from which he con (wised many of the blessings of the country Sowed- If they returned him he would stick, he said, to his text, and he would support their interests, and work for as town. Mr. HONE in a few words, inaudible to our reporter, pro posed Sir John Hare as a candidate. The proposition was emended by John lime, Beg., amid much laughter and mainsioe. Sir JOHN HARE gave a brief statement of his political views, saying, that he was in favour of tinily reel suffrage, vote by ballot, annual parliaments, reduction In taxation, and every medeare of reform which the people new sir quind. I Mr. CARROLL, a Quaker, nominated, Mr. Timms Norton. Kr. SMALL ssomded the proposition. Mr. NORTON addressed the electors at great stating that he was for the maintenance of free4rade le , " l the removal of all retried's= open the isonsinsres and =dos try of the pigging he flimmeial reform, end every peastieabbe w ed seenemy is she several departments of the~las He wee is favour of an eztension of the , sulker, vote for the protection of the ballot, end supped a saraiire feeskortenleg the invades of parliaesealu He was a Mend of silvered Menges, fres frees the haw Mew of any religious east ; in favour et the gelid= Ow ass dedeedeal undo, and the removal of all impale Welders to dimanters for the support of the established church. Ha um anxious for= improvement in the government Melee Millt• aka, with the view to develop their capabilities sad to of diminish their expenses by conceding to them the power ef ?.• self-goverment. id, Mr. THOMAS CLARK, a chartist, was nominated, and sir addressed the meeting on the various points which hid been at prominently noticed by other gentlemen. On a show of hands being taken it was declared to be in be - favour of Mr. Norton. A poll was demanded for the other Rio candidates, and, after passing a vote of thanks to the mayor, big the meeting dispersed. The chartist announced his with ane from the contest. FIRE AT HAIATOW.—Abont noon on Thuniday a firs brAte out on the premises of Mr. M. Comfort, at the Decoy Farm, High Ilalatow, between Gravesend and Sheer ness. The fire first appeared In • stack of hay, and spread to the adjoining stacks, bun, and other farm buildings, in which were deposited large quantities of corn, together with three years' growth of wool. The greater part of the pro perty was derroyed, and it was with great difficulty that the mansion was saved. Considerable damage however was done to the building, which Is of modern emetics. The loss estimated at from 3,0001. to 4,0001. The property Insured in the Kent Fire-efloe. Ai the live stook was saved with the exception of a calf, which it was found im possible to remove. 'rho origin of the fire is unaccounted for. The Caors.—ln Staffordshire, the wheat, beans, and peas, are moat excellent crops; barley and oats will be short of an averse* produce ; potatoes and tarnipe the best we have had for peen, the former very productive, and 1 do not see any symptoms of the disease in them ; the blossom is more healthy than it has been for the last or?. years. The stock of English wheat very nearly exhausted: there will be a good demand from the parts for the next month beside., a farm squad, cr division, who cultivate about thirty acres of land, and are instructed in the use of agricultural implesonms, and the gerund routine of firm management. Many of them acquire an insight into the rudiments of agri cultural chemistry. Their schooling is well eared for ;,read ing, writing, and arithmetic are taught is a matter of course, sr.d considerable pains are taken, we believe, in imparting Just news - of morality, hand upon scriptural truth.. Punish ment and sickness are rare ; though not pampered, they arc well clothed and well fed, well treated, and on the whole well behaved. They know that their lard of freedom is a colony, and they long for the time when they shall quit Parkhurst for the convict ship. We find from the Rt ports relating to Parkhurst presented to parliament last year, that 396 boys were discharged 10 1847 in the following manner : Sent to Port Phillip and Western Australia Removed to the Philanthropic Asylum and tbe Refuge for the Destitute Restored to their friends l6 Removed to saw primes Disd deathbed the fatal pollution of a penal scab:meat in these memorable word•, whTch drew tears (rem a judge; and which we trust will never be forgotten :—" Let a men be what he will, when be comes here he i► soon es bad as the rest—l man's heart is taken !rout bins—aid there is given to him the heart of a beast." Now the desk of the chaplain at Pentonvile is filled with letters from the cmvicts to him, full of gratitude end +hank., awl kind wishes, and promises of steadine se, and (oxbows tions, with money for their relatives, and good reports of each other. Formerly cur system of trineper:atiun pre. duced in New South Wales such a state ot mime, that, when the veil was raised ley Sir W. filoleseortl.'s com mittee in 1837, the people of England stood aghast at the sieht ot the mousier they hal create 1 and, for very shame, the system was ahandouded. At Van Diemen's Land a trial of three year% was sufficient to bring the next system to a staud•still ; and transportation was a second time stopped. Now we have been able to resume tranepertation to New South Wales, and to recall mere than half the garrison frim Van Diemen's Lind. Formerly every mail brought remonstranms against the con inued imports,- nen of convicts. Now New South Wales is willing to re ceive them. At Port Philip people go 250 miles to hire a Pentea%ille men; and Western Australia asks for an addi tional number. 396 Some of these Parkhurst boys have, of °wet, turned out ill. Undoubtedly sufficient attention has not, in all cues. been given to provide employment and control at the critical moment, when they were first released from the restraint and confinement of the convict-ship. Discretit has thus been thrown upon the whole 'umber; more espic.ally as transportation is an existing party question in the colonies, so that every fact on either side which at all bears upon it has been laid hold of, and gonerally much exaggerated. The official reports, however, of the conduit of the Parkhurst boys, both on board ship and afterwards, and the desire c vbced fa some places to receive them, lead us to hope that a large proportion of them will have turned out satis factorily. The statement of Dr. Robertson, the surgeon of the ship Maitland, is supported by that of Mr. Hampton, the comptroller-general. Mr. Symons reports equally in their favour ; and Mr. Andrews, surgeon of the ship Marion, says : " The Parkhurst boys are excellent." On the other hand, the deputy-assistant commissary-general at Port Phillip, in the letter to Earl Grey of the 10th May, 1848, which, as we have already seen, speaks of the prisoners from Pentonville With some degree of confidence, expresses mote uncertainty concerning the Parkhurst bays. But, we must remember, that at that time there was a total want of Precaution, at this critical period. In Western Australia a better system, it appears, had been adopted with them after their landing, and according to the wilderness! Captain Hall, with corresponding success. Sixty boys had been sent there ; of these the elder ones were allowed to lire them selves out, the younger were apprentie d. The important consul, ration for the public is the fact—that in Ilt.surn Australia alone, has there been any care taken about the disposal of the boys—and that in that colony they have done well. Thebestarrangementformacaging criminals will, however, fail, as far es reformstion is the object, unless adequate means be provided for carrying punisher nit into e ff ect w ithout crowd ing prisoners together. It becomes essential, therefore, to ad just the prison accommodation to the annual supply. In tt e year 1848, the number of male convicts in Breland and Wales sentenced to transportation amounted to 2884. The returns from Scotland have not yet cone order our notice; but.judgine from the average of the last five years, we may assume them at 400. In round numbers, then, 3,300 male convicts were sentenced in Great Britain in the course of last year to trans portation. Meal, however, being physically unable to tin dergo the punishment. were returned to the prisons to which they had been originally committed; there to remain until eventually, after the bps' of some ermsid , rable time—two or three years—they should be released by the ex eels* of the royal clemency. Other circumstances have combined to di minish the number of convicts actually received by the crown, as government prisoners—that is to say, primmer' supported out of the consolidated fund, and managed under the authority of the Secretary of State for the Home Depart ment. So that only 2,622 (including 282 juvenile convicts under 17 years) entered Millbank Prison—the great central depot—towhia all are sent in the first instance, preparatory to distribution among those rimers of detention where the first period of their punishment is to be passed. That this number may not be increased in future years, nob( dy can pretend to say. General causes would certainly have this tendency. Oa the other hand, a contrary effect will be produced by an set passed this session (12 Viet., c. 11); which abolishes transportation for simple larceny, and for felonies made punishable as simple larceny, except in respect to larceny committed after one previous convic tion for felony or after two previous summary convic tions. This act, it has been assumed, may at first cause a diminution of 400 or 560 annually; though a certain propor tion of these, it must be remembered, will fell back into crime, and eventually return as convicts for transportation. Another cause is also diminishing the number of sentences of transportation. The atolition of capital punishment for various crimes bee had the effect of lowering the standard of Punishment generally. The numbers sentenced to trans portation in 1847 were Galt' the same as in the preceding year—although the convictions had increased 18-7 per cent . In the quinquennial periods ending in 1842 and 1847, the convictions ate within a fraction of the same amount : but the numbers sentenced to transportation aro 15 per cent. less in the latter than in the former period. On the whole, therefore, we may conclude that, for some time to come, 2000 adult, and 250 juvenile convicts, will be about the numbers to be dealt with by the exemitive govern ment in the course of any one year. Of the adults, Penton vine prison will hold 500 ; Millbank has been organised to receive 700 in a probationary claw, es well as to serve as a depot for the moving masses. Further accommodation is found in provincial prisons which happen to have cells adopted to the purpose ; the magistrates agreeing to let to the state those which are not required for their local wants, at the fixed annual rent of 61. per cell, for an indefinite period, terminable on notice from either party. In these prisons the separate system is uniformly pursued, under the supervision of the authorities resident on the spot. This plan has been followed in the prisons at Wakefield, Leeds, Leices ter, Preston, Northampton, Reading, and Bath; and the number of vita thus hired by the government is 746. So that 1,948 separate cells are now available fur the detention of convicts; and very soon a further number, in some of the country prisons now nearly completed upon the Penton vele plan, will likewise be placed, on the same terms, at the dis posal of the Government The time. therefore, is nor at baud, when the state will be enabled to carry into full eff , et that probationary portion of every adult convict's punishment,—one year's separate confinement,—which is the keystone of the system. At the conclusion of the probationary year, the most pro. mising of the seven years men are selected, and sent, with tickets of leave, to such parts of the Australian colonies as require them most. Those convicts, whose state of health has permanently ineapati•ated them for transportation or for undergoing the ordinary fatigue of common work in the co lonies or at home, are platted in the invalid hulk at Porte mouth; where they remain until the expiration of their sentences, or until they are pardoned. All the others enter upon their several periods of penal labour at Portland, or in the hulks at Portsmouth, Woolwich, Gibraltar, and Be,. I muds. If they do not misconduct themselves while sub jected to this stage of punishment, they are considered as eligible for tickets of leave when they have passed one-half of the term of their sentence., either in separate confinement or on the public works—sentences for lite being reckoned, for this purpose, at 24 years. Those whose conduct is ex emplary may receive this indulgence at a still earlier period, according to a fixed scale; the minimum period of detention in prison and on the public works fir a convict sentenced to seven years' tran-portstion being two years. On the whole, it is calculated that the average period to be pawed by pri soners in their second stage of punishment, vie., penal la bour, will be three years. Provision, therefore, must he made for the constant employment of 8,000 men on public works. This will be furnished as follows : We well know how many sunken and daegereutt reeks are hid under this smooth surface—tow quickly neglect or mismanagement would renew all the forma: ditti. ethics, again compel ue to suspend transportation and to accumulate our felon at home. But, so far as our exp. r!ence go. I, the re• suit has been as successful as the Prate of e a case would allow us to expect ; and we earnestly trust that ministers will not, by any opposition, be induced to turn back. Tee principles laid doe u in these late amour, s are not Cie worse bmeuse th• y are not merely the produrtie.. ol u ougge live mind. They have been le:lned, indeed almost fora d upon us, in the bard school of experience ;—ar..l they are likely to last the longer. Neither is it a quevisn of istfi:ical pie ties ; tor does it depend upon the fate of lair - este:es. But in all questions such as this, which ['res.:lts only a choice between painful alt imatives, there is much ddliculty in prevailing upon the pubic toolbars to any one plat , . It is so easy to find fault. In these cases acy tyro can raise an obstacle which the wisest statesman can only ircperfe ctly ninny*. Then come the men with ore idia. Ono thick' of Lolling but the annual vote; smother pro tests against demoralising New South Wades; a third takes Van Diemen'', Land under his guareianship; a fourth warns us from New Zealand; a fifth does battle for Port Philip; a sixth stands in the gap fur the Cape; a seventh is zealous against an accumulation in the hulks; and all are di term ned that envie% shall not re main in England. Where our only reedy lire in a com promise, we are met by the assertion of extreme opinions, where inaction is confessedly most dengersus, we ere ad vised in prudence to sit still. How perpetually are we reminded of James the Second's style of argument. " lie asserted a proposition • and, as often as wiser people ven tured respectfully to ;how that it was erroneous, he as serted it again, in exactly the same words. and conetived that, by so doing be at once disposed of ell objections." In the same spirit, we are prepared for brine told again and again, th at Pentonville is three times as costly as any other prison, that it is worth while to travel tort elides to see a reformed criminal, and that we moat go back to the ass'enment system. One thine is clear—either our convicts must be kept at heme or they must be sent abroad; and they canrot be sent abroad ii the hesitation of our colonies to re ce.ee them is stimulated into resistance by declamation at home. We may not again, alter our eyes have been opeti a by the lea eons we have Lamed in New South Wales Vas. DP men's Lend, repeat the frightful experimen'r of put . . ly penal colonies; neither may we refuse due weigh: to a delberato and general expression of the wish of any of our dependen cies. We must wide them that we wi.l Lot arbitrarily over bear their sense of whet is right end their percept oa of their own interest. We must appeal to these feelings. nod enlist them on our aide, if we would hope to este` lists a system of transportation which shall last. Happily in Cats instance (is it ever otherwise I) our highs et duty is alto cur wisest policy. We have a living mass or crime pressing upon vs at home, corrupting the community and consuming its substance. While, if we endeavour to remove it in the way we have hitherto done, every colony rises realm.' us; and the evil of a temporary snips nnon of transp - dtat!on, which we have already telt more than once, may, by ineautime mea sures, become a chronic disease. In tliit dilemma, urged by a es roe of our Chrie•ian duty, we arc asked a: last to attempt to purity and donate our criminal population. Li some de gree we have already done so ; and there is g - od reason to believe that, by extending and r ereeverit (Herta, we may do so to a very great extent. Our colonies, tf:ated with just consideration, now appear prepared to elute:inc. the question dispassionately. In case the eatly steer, s of our new penal system should succeed in reforming one criminate up to a certain point, there can be little clouts.. we think, .1 the succ.ss of thus latter stages. Crimite.ls, ',hose presence might still have constituted a formidable so :61 danger in their former home, may udder these circumAancei be safely admitted by countries in the condition of cur col:nits— where they would be rapidly absorbed int,. a new and in dustrious p .puiatien, without provoking c:ther scandal or alarm. REPRESENTATIVE IiEFORNI. TO Ttta liblTUlt OF THI IMPIIFIStI. Sir,—As you bare hitherto published to the reformers of this kingdom the movements of the London Reform Association, I enclose a copy of the notice of motion which I hate entered in the notice book of the House of Commons for nt xt session. The reforu2ers must have observed that only ene-eigf.th part of the members of ttc House of Commons voted for the motions submitted by me for rarliamen•ary re form in 11448 and '49, and I must st..te that the pro ceedings of the session just conclude', confiim the opinion long sines expressed by me—that there is no hope ef effectual financial reform, or indeed auy other real reforms, until the popular influe%te in the Com mons' House of Parliament shall be increased by such extensions and alterations in the representative system as those which the bill I prop2se to introduce would effect ; and it now rests with the middle class electors to effe A that change by every constitutional meals in their power. lam pun, &c., JOSEPH HUME. Rryanstone-square, Maoist 2. Mr. Humn—To move far leave to bring in a bill to amend the national representatirm, by extent!ing t".o elective fran chise, so that every man of full age, and not subject to any mental or legal disability, who shall havu hen the resident occupier of a hou'e, or part of • house as a lodger, for twelve months, and shall have been duly rated the poor of that parish for that time, shell be registered ca en elector, and bo eatitled to vote for a rei.resentfoiva in peril went ; elso, by enacting that votes shall be token by ballot, that the dura tion of parliaments shall not exceed three years, and that toe proportion of representatives be made more consbt.nt with the amount of populatisn and property. The increase per cent. in the are yaws ending March. 1646, was 31.46 71.81 The population under 21 years of an is We may add, that the tendency of fres emigration is to correct the seising inequality ; the free ',Moir female emigrants in 1848 having exceeded the moles by 257, so that this dreadful evil of penal colonise seems at last nearly removed from New South Wales, and in a few years will disappear altogether. Into the difficult and deeply-interesting questions con nected with juvenile delinquency we cannot here enter. It is generally admitted that the worst thing that can be done On Thursday evening, a meeting wan held at Nem with a young offender is to sentence him to imprisonment— castle, on the subject of the "receipt stamp " prievance. Mr. and especially to imprisonment fora short period. Unhappily, Tnomu Gray, of Grey-street, was called to the ch..ir, and no other alternative is at present given. When • lad is in opened the business with a few pertinent remarks, in the prison—even in a well managed one—all the strong propen comes of which he stated that tha Stamp Lau had been pities of a boy's nature are turned in the wrong direction. quickened into activity by the machinery of the Excise, now The leading characteristic of a young eriminal is the bee of , that the Boards of Stamps and Excise lad been smudge fame; the pride of being treated as a man, and of hearing mated into one " Board or Inland Revenue." In condo his punishment like a man ; of being commended by men, Sion, the chairmen read the Minoring lett. r, addressed to and of being as wicked as a man. It is very painful to At Woolwich witness a bey—young in years, perhaps not very old in At Portsmouth vice—glorying is his crime, in havirg a cell to himself, in At Ditto, in the invalid hulk . 400 30, Lincoln's Inn Field', July 31,1849. having a man to wait noon him and bring him his dinner, At Port and, now able to hold nearly 800, but Slit,—l hove Tees ived your letter on Ike subject of receipt in being troublesome, in insulting the chaplain, in . getting eventually to contain l2OO stamps, to which my attention had been previously iirected. en approving nod from some eminent offender; vaunt far At Gibraltar 4 his nitlnsme of " Jack Sheppard" than Neilson of Lie At Bermuda paws ; a martyr in the cans of evil, and proud of being choose to memoraliza the board on your ineividual case, I es. These feelings are unquestionably fostered in most 6000 will forward your memorial, with &letter of my own in support gee!' • and they are more e ff ectually counteracted by the Considerable embarrewanent has been °tautened by the of it; or it you, in conjunction with the other tradesmen of restraint and discipline of a school, than by the punishment sudden and great increase in the numbers of convicts from Newcastle and Gateshead, will prepare a p.tition on the of • prison. The preppie nature of such a school has Ireland during the last two years. The average annual subject, I will cndeavoui ,by app li cation to the government, been the subject of a variety of interesting experiments, both number had formlessly been about 600; but in the last end if neetssary to parliament, to obtain a c oonge. I need la this waster and tbread. Education fa, of ANIMA, the rear ft had risen to 2,698. The consequence of this scarcely observe, that in these days it ie not likely that any S huts every useful experiment of this kind; and, in aegis. hes bun to crowd the prisons to excess; and tax will be wholly repealed withoutenacting tome substitute. mo w. It i s invariably a d m i t t e d t h a t morel training l a the though additional depots have been provided to a The object of the petitioners should be to phew some other meet senatial part of education. But, in premiers, both great extent, an inconveniently large number has mode of raising a Lke revenue by stamps which would not he slag Istabers and school visiMrs we drawn aside from been thrown upon the hands of the Government. Of these open to similar (Mentions. Tours obediently amid tendliag to the more brilliant results of intellectual many have been sent to Bermuda • ' and some hundreds, J. Davidson, Em, THOMAS i. TIEADLAM. cultivation; and the teacher is nasally most commended after a considerable term of imprisonment,• have been re- On the motion o Mr. Raren'WaseN, :mind dby Mr. evilest, her an farthest advanced in knowledge. So long as moved with ti c k e t s o f l eave t o the co l on i c '', The greater WILLIAM MACKEY, it was unanimously r. solved :—" That this elver prevails throughout teas country, we shall fi nd taw part of these men are no: criminals in the usual sense of the an association be now formed, tote called the Newcastle anti boys are what has been imagined well educated, rather word ; but have been driven into crime by the pressure of Gateshead Commercial Association, to have for its object the than well conducted, and education will continue"to be no famine in that unhappy country, and under the excitement amen went or repeal of such laws u injuri aely affect the barrier against crime . The chaplain at Pentonville re p or ts of agitagon. Under nine circumstances, there is lees to trading community of this country ; and that seven gentlemen that out of 1,000 prisoners cal, 165 have never attended fear, therefore, from them, and more to hope, than in the be appointed a provisional committee, to draw up rules for any school, 171 have attended Sunday and dame schools, case 01 ordinary convicts. the government of the association, to he submitted by them and 674 have attended the anal private, national, On a review, then, of the present system of for auproval to an adjourned meeting, to be held at an early and parochial schools. Out of between 1,100 and transportation, — and availing overselves of the additional day." 1200 boys at Parkhurst , only some 38 may have never been information Worded by the experience of the last two It wan the n r o solved (moved by Mr. SMols y, and seconded to school at all. The schools, therefore, which arc to be years — we are confir m in the opinion we have already by Me. Day.deon): " That in the opinion of this meeting checks on crime In Ware, must plainly be different schools expressed, that all the changes made have been in the present law relative to receipt 'tam; sis most op;:rersive h oe these, the right direction. We wanted to check crime h 7 severe and unjusr, and that it is the duty of every t-atirsman to We meat, however, leave these questions, and show what punishment, and we have secured every sort of punishment use his beat exertion§ to obtain its repeal ; aud the com bining's of the 240 juvenile convicts who are annually which was formerly inflicted—imprisonment, hard labour, mitts cow appointed are requested to draw up a memo thrown upon the hands of government. and expatriation—and they are now indissolubly combined i rial ou this subject to the Cooncellor of the Exchequer, It WO/10 receive this class oferisinals that the Parkhurst the drat so Mitre in character as to reach the point at which and to lay • draft of the same before the next meeting of MIS built, which, with in detached buildings of the powers of Milian endurance fail; and the second so con- the association, with acy suggestions likely to promote C; R t Ski, intearreed with cheerful verdure, looking ducted that there is no necessary Usk to it, except the duns the successful untie of this resalu.ion; and they ore Im pseemble sad 'wailing, meets, net unpleasantly, the eye tion of the sentence. We wanted • certain punishment ; powered, in furtherance of this,. to correspond with tne of a Muria in the Isle of Wight. But those who seek since transportation, as formerly managed, had its prizes u menhirs of puliament in the &street." deeper souross of interest, and to wham nothing is so well as blanks—and the prises generally fell to the most Forty merchants and tradesmen enrolled themselves as blight as the spectacle of a and to sing from but vicious. We have now a fixed amount of suffering which must members of the association ; and thanks hav:r.g been voted ;ll=and cleansing itself the Saw of early be endured by all, but which may be indefinitely prolonged to Mr. Gray for his services, the meeting broke up. will be more gratllled by an examination by misconduct. We wanted an equal punishment ; and we From a parliamentary return, obtained by Mr. 11, adlam, of Ihe 1100,10 t. The institatka it net OD much a prisons' a have reduce l inequality to the lowest point—the inequality M.P., in the late session, we learn that the number of three great penal school ; where the ohjeatie rather to promote in- of individual constitutions and positions,physically, mentally, penny stamp duty on receipts was— tollectual, moral, and industrial education, than to inflict any morally, and socially : end these we no longer aggravate by 35 divot punishment . It is composed of three distinct classes soperadding the excessive inequality arising out of ashen -the probationary, the junior, and the general—occupying Sent. We wanted • system of triune:nation which And the number of persons prosecuted in thou two years, different buildings. The boys are from 10 to IS years old; should rid our country of its criminal'. Formerly ell the for the evasion of threepenny stamp duty on receipts, was— ted all, on their fi rst arrival, are placed in the first or pro • seven years' convicts, form iag one-half of the whole number, 1847 class. They are kept in separate cells, where they were, at the end of about four years, turned loose again upon 1818 rate lial lthe r seals. They are submitted to a rigid discipline, society in England : now all but those diequalified by sick- Or the 102 eases in 1847, 78 involved (in fldi•Oon to the bell in the school-roost and on the drill-ground; and in the n, es or infirmity are sent to a dktant land. threepenny duty) the sixpenny duty, 9 the shilling duty, MOM of lour months are brought into perfect subjection. So much fir transportatien as a punishment,—as a means and 1 the rightcenpenny duty. Raving beau thus broken in, and become thoroughly ex. of protecting society against criminals by terror, restraint, Of the 119 cases in 1848, 76 involved the sixpenny duty, 30 dient, they are passed according to age into tither of the removal : now let us look at it with regard to reformation. the shilling duty, 2 the eighteenpenny duty, and 1 the tall other classes, those of fifteen Jeers old into the general Once • convict ship conveyed to the mind the deepest im crown duty. class—those below that age into the junior clam, where they protein of every thing that was depraved and dangerous; The penalties incurred in 1847 were 417/. of 101. and 3of remain usually about two years an a kalf, until embarked now a superintends sr, having landed 292 convicts, can say, 60/., making a total of 4 3201. The unwept exacted was for Australia. The probationary class consists of about 140 that 300 emigrants would not have behaved so well 5341. 10s. boy', the junior of about 200, and the general of about —that the back box was in the hold, the irons The penalees incurred in 1848 ware 393 of 101, lof 501., 375. Trades are taught in the two latter sissies— out/of sight, and that be would be happy to take out and l of 20/ , waive a total of 4,009/. Amount exacted Ghia, shoemaking, tailoring, and smith's work. There is 300 more such, without a guard. Once a criminal 6051.15s.—Gateshead Observer. THE "RECEIPT STAMP" GRIEVANCE. NrwsrAPER N •, i .;/ = viz zrj; .0° I V . Ve- e-1 dSani INDEPENDENCE OF HUNGARY, REFORM ASSOCIATION. A meeting of this society was convened last night at their rooms at the York Hotel, Upper Wellington street, &rand, for the porpoise of coneiderieg in what manner sym pathy or aid could be given to the Mengerians in the struggle neater the invaders of their wintry. Mr. PROUT, on taking the chair, sail that ever since the eouseseneeraent of that struggle he telt the deepest anxiety for the success of the Huorrarians—a struggle on the put of an iodepeadent country governed by its own laws and insti tutions, end holding a comout with a king, the breach of which by that king was celeulated to lawn or destroy it es much as if It were violated by the people. (Hear, hear.) The Emperor of Austria having refused to be made king at Penh failed in fulfilling his compact, and in that way hymns a traitor to Hungarian liberty. Not sans Sed with that, he called upon the barbarians of the north to mist him in laying waste, with Are and sword, the country of the Hungarian people. It therefore behoved them es Englishmen who loved liberty and were determined to have a hill representathen for themselves, not only to sympathise with the Hungarians, but to aid them by their purse, so as busying that repine sad murder whisk it was the object of thou northern barbarians to carry ea with a view to the subjection of the Hungarian nation. If they admitted a Rua-inn autocracy into southern Europe, he did not think they would much longer enjoy an overland mail from India. Indeed, sash as advisee would 90 affect this country, geopraphieelly, sontmentially, and statistically, as fully to justify this geeing in declaring at once the indepesdenosof the Hungarienaatien. (Cheers.) Such would, be thought, be a wise curse, is order to pre vent the designs of Russia upon Galicia, and ultimately upon Turkey. (Hear, hear.) The Chairman then alluded to the interference of Frames in Rome, denouncing it as unjust, and particularly ro when regarded as an attempt to issues a church government, a government which ought not to be tolerated in the nineteenth oratory. The churek should rest upon Its own merits, whether of evangelical dee. tfllllllor any other. France, thereforr, was wron g in Na dia, an army to Ruse for the purpu of upholding chureh government. What France ought to have done war to have placid 50,000 men in the north of Italy, and said, "Ws mean to allow the Italian people to have their freedom " —(hear, hear)—and 100,000 men on the banks of the Rhine, and said, "Ss soon as the Russians cues the Hungarian frontier, we will cross the Rhiae." By sulk a course war would have been prevented, and the peace of Europe prese. Mr rved . W. °KENN then moved the followieg resolution : " That it is the opinion of this society that Use Emp ror of Austria, as King of Hungary, has violated his compact with the Hungarian nation, and, therefore, that as Englishmen we publicly declare our deepest sympathy with that people, and unanimously proclaim our disgust and horror at the traitorous e induct of the Austrian Emperor in calling to his seektasse the serfs and Cossacks of Russia far the purpose of diresalsting with fire and nerd that interesting country, elestsukag its inhabi'ante, and binding in shales mid slavery a brave people engaged in the noble muss of maintaining their civil and religious liberties." Th. Withal resolution was is and earned um con. After a unversation, whims was originated by Mr. Mclntyre, who bore strong testimony alto the anxiety of the lower classes to join is some great public demonstration in favour of the Hungarian cues, resolutions went passed for calling a public meeting, and collecting inbeeriptiaas for effecting that object. Several sovereigns and hell sovereigns were subscribed on the moment, and thanks having been voted to the chairman, the meeting separated. MEETING OF THE PARISH OF KENSINGTON. List evening, pursuant tU public announcement, an exciedingly crowded rutting of the inhabitants of Ken sington took plus at the Prince Albert Tavern, Oar the purpose of expressing sympathy with the noble , maligned, and betrayed Haagarisas. ' Mr. Diutronn, of Nut occupied the chair ; and =Artthou preont were Lord Dudley Stuart, J. A. St. John, Raq.,W. Birkbeck, Req., J. A. Nicholay, Req., John Wilson, BK., Capt. Mayne Reid, of the United States army, P. T. Atkinson, Req., James Ward, Req., &c. The CHAIRMAN having briefly explained the objects of the meeting, read letters from Lad Robert Grosvenor, M.P., Sir B. Hall, Bart., M.P., Mr. Home, M.P., Mr. Wyld, M.P., and other members of parliament, expressing their approbation of the objects of the meeting and their regret at nasuidabl• absence. Mr. WARD mond the Ent resolution. He said he be lieved that, whatever might be the differences of the people of this country upon other matters, be thought there was but sae feeling with regard to the struggle of the Hu • amilaget the people of this country. (Hear, bear.) The po sition of Hungary was that chiliadal fighting for their Sher d. s. They were fighting for liberties against the Austrian govemeunt, which had ever violated its compacts with the H Lapis.He oodre by MOTillit aid as resolution at tio t: en. admiration,greats St =as detumninstion of the Hungarian nation to maiotsio Oho jut NON and the unstitutional indepeodenee they had kabsoltod ftxm their When, against the tyrannical encroach- Maas of Austrian despotism. Mr. T. M'CULI.AGB, Y P., seconded the resolution. He was proud to give his suffrage and his voice, u well as humble support, to the outrage and constancy of that noble pools thoMungarians. (Cheers)ign Affairs—(clieen He believed, from the Wig lord the Smeary of Fore)— dem to the meanest subjoin of these realms, the pr. ponde r's* sontiment of the people of this country was one of sympathy for the sufferings, homage for the gallantry, and esteem he the prisciples of the noble Hanguisa nation. (Renewed shuns) England had already spoken out, and the echo was to be rased in the same shout for Hungary that day in the metrt.polls of Scotland. (Cheers.) It was, therefore, only becoming of him, as an Irishman, on the pan of his country, to say that they also gave their hearty 'i