The Express. — London, England, 1866-10-01 00:00:00

L.IFIKBOAT SERVICES. —During the STORMS A-4 of the pest twenty menthe the NATIONAL LIFEBOAT INSTITUTION, by its Lifeboats and other mesas, contributed to the SAVING of 1,530 PERSONS from different on oar COASTS. The InstitnUon also expended RAMO in the same period on its Lifeboat Establishments, in addition to granting =MI as REWARDS. The Committee of the Institution gar smelly APPEAL to the Public for AectISTANCY, t enable them to meet the continued heavy demands en the institution's 172 Lifeboat Stenos& . ' Con Sashed by the London and Country Beakers: . RAP AED LEWIS, Eaq , hitti r g2t 14, Johaiotrset, Adelphi, London. JOHBROGDEN'B GOLD CHAIRS by taw vole* at malleable rake, 'and the werintM, eg wholesale manalaataraair picas. The geld in the elalas . N at rentmchaewl at the vise stwfattl. nue 's the note, Rew rote! year chain weighs to the utmost can* TM Gomm of the gold, and chirp Jar Whims." Bsannari4llM MannfactOry, Id, Neurtettfrstreet, Covewtirarden, tr.o , Loudest • BENSON'S WA TOVLES I 44 and 00, Ludgate-1M 15, Old Bond•alreet. B ROWN and POLSON'S CORN FLOUR fbr CHILDREN'S DIET. To Wait fan _prone brahe 'ale other kink an scakethous offered Instead of BROWN and POISON'S. "John Brown," "John Poison," Is signed by the makers on each packet ONE of the institutions of London is EVANS'S. Suppose and a charming MUSICAL ENTERTAINMENT EVERY 'TEEING. After the theatres and Mellon's Concerts be sure Wimp theca NATIQNAL ASkigHBLY ROOMS, 218, High HoThorn.—This very elegant and spaetnns establishneent having been entirely redecorated. OPEN EVERY EVENING The grand band, conducted by Mr. W. M. Packer, will perform ntOtly a choice selectlow of operetta and dance wok. Opep.ai balt past 8: close atilt. Adenbeton, le. ROYALPRINCESS'S THEATRE. —SoleLessee and Manager, Mr. VINING.—WINTIR SEASOIf. Revival of ERZ TRIPLY ALLIANCE.—N. B. Doors open es half gr pad 6 : *Damian to e dam at 7 o'clock preeleely.— THIS 0 (Monday) and the week."' comedy la Three A br John Ozenford, Esq., entitled THE TRIPLE ALLIAN Mratters by Mr. Vlnbr, Mr. J. 0 Shorn,_lose Katherine Rodgers, Mile Neilson, and Mn . Bee ham IThits. To be followed by, at 9 o'clock, ' lDLE HUGUENOT CAPTAIN, by Watts Phillips, bp. Principal diameters :—Mre. Wallop, Mies NIS Mks Augusta Thompson, Mr. Georg* Room, end Mr. Grand Ballet of Bohemians, in which Meadows Flageolet, oche, Corona and Normand' will appear. New Scenery by Mr. Lloyds. the ervreoo. TO 001LIOISPONDINT8 diturtfeereente intended for "The Axprees," Lend= Emilie Taper feast be at the Mee, 10, Bouverie4trok tO Two cin the day of publication. numcipsre.. Tins EVISSIS., THE TRIPLY., ALLIANCE—AIter which THE HUGUENIN. CAPTAIN. Mews. Vining ,nd 6. Honey; lasses LODGI Neilson, Aluessts Manson, sad Mn.s iltirliag.—Aad QUEILT NG& .11AYMAPZI7 :‘ TRW Evufllo, THE HEIR AT LAW. Mews. Buckatone, Chippendale, Onsapeor, Ferran, Mesdames Chippendale Moore, anal MlL—banal Divertissement. Mimes ChrYtlne and Agnes CHAMPAGNE. Mr. C. Mathews STRAND. Tms Vilma, THE MARRIED BACHELOR.—After wWcb WAITING FOR Tff IrNDERGROU:sID.—The LatesS Ed ition of KENILWORTH.—And JACK'S DELIGHT. BRITANNIA. TIILI MINIM, MARY EDMOOOrrONE : OR, THE VICTIM OF CIRCURSTAICka—The Brothers Vietorelll ; The Oreat Vaulting Troupe: The . Delaranti • H. Wardiul ; The Louisville Illustrebt—Anti Tkik: FALSE MoTIIBIL NIGH WATER AT LONDON MIDGE. TWA DAT —Morning, 6b. 34m Afternoon, Th. nat„ To-lloaitote—Morning, Th. 31101 Afternoon, Wt. 1610. LaI 4 7DON, MONDAY, OCTOBER 1. THE last twelve months have not proved pros perous in a monetary point of view. If trade has j benefited by the great American revival, there are , many diawbacks to be set against this one favour- 4 able feature. First comes the cattle plague, a 1 cause of material loss fully equal to a deficient . harvest ; next, the failure of a number of joint,- i stock companies, representing the destruction of a considerable amount of capital, and, as a sequence, the occurrence of a commercial crisis, which, I although less universal, has been far more serious ; than any since 1825. According to all ordinary analogy the nation ought to be unusually poor. It is perfectly evident that the agricultural and commercial classes must have lost a not incon siderable part of their wealth ; and if we descend to a lower scale we find that the labour movement, involving a succession of strikes and lock-outs, has equally served to impoverish the nation. And yet money seems to be as abundant as even in the best clays. When the deputation from the joint stock banks waited upon Mr. DISRAELI to com plain of the maintenance of the rate of discount at the unnecessarily high point of 10 per cent., that gentleman was unluckily betrayed into ob serving that it was not currency that was wanted, but capital. It would be curious to know what the opinions of tllO CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER are now. One thing is very certain, that although money has fallen from 10 to 4} per cent., the de cline has not been caused by a large increase of capital, properly so called. On the contrary, dear ness of money checks production, and therefore refutes Mr. DISRAELI'S argument altogether. The joint-stock bankers saw perfectly well where the difficulty lay when they advocated an implied increase of the currency, and it may be safely assumed that their practical knowledge of the subject is of far more value than the thec retical considerations of mere outsiders. A Chan cellor of the Exchequer who attempts to evo've the money market out of his own moral conscious ness is likely to be just as successful as the mythical German who adopted the same process for describing a camel. The fact, however, still presses upon us that money is so plentiful that it is a mere question of time when we shall see the rate of discount at 4, or even 3 per cent. How are the accumulations which were sedulously locked up during the crisis to be employed 1/ It is clear that, for the mo ment, joint-stock enterprise is, in a great measure, at a discount A new bank or financial company, for example, would not be entertained for an instant Another outlet for the investment of capital also appears, at least temporarily, closed. Although many Governments, both in the Old and New World, would be only too pleased to raise supplies in this market, the present temper of the public forbids any such appeal. With the illustrations of Mexico, Venezuela, and Spain before him, even the most credulous of British capitalists will keep back from the highly coloured temptations that may be offered to them. The last few years have been eminently fatal to this class of investments. It might, on the other hand, be fairly imagined that the public inclination would turn to home se curities, whether national or private, but at pre sent at least the current has not set that way. The funds will always command a certain price, but it has been declining for years, and there appears little chance that the event will soon be repeated of the dealers bidding par for Consols amid the cheers of the Stock Exchange. People have been too long used to expect 5, 10, or even 20 per cent to be satisfied with the safe, although moderate, 3 to 3} that can be got from the public funds. The next beat security that can be offered is in railway debentures. Recent revelations, however, have shown that the subscriber for these bonds runs the risk of finding that he has purchased a part of an issue that has been put forth by the directors nitre virtu, and that he may therefore have no legal claim upon the railway at all. Or it may happen, as we know in one notorious instance, that the company is so hopelessly insolvent that it can neither pay principal nor interest on its lagal obligations. Only lately, a trustee was had he- vested the greater part of his trust,fu4ll in *we securities, the safety of which wife 1i Mb un doubted, has been compelled to replace the whole of the money at the cost of his own personal ruin. If this am occur in the case of the best securities that letsibirity eoutpanic is able to offer, how are the holders of preference or ordinary stocks likely to fare t Hence there has scarcely been at any time so great a distaste mani fested by the public to take up investments which under general circumstances should be most valued. Speaking practically, there can be no doubt of the intrinsic worth of our railway pro perty. As the general prosperity of the nation grows, the value of railways must increase in at least a proportionate degree. Unfortunately, mis management in detail, and financial extravagance as a rule, have set everybody's mind against them. Only the other day one of the most important undertakings in the kingdom was obliged to announce that its dividends could not be paid for the present, because a new issue of preference stock had been found impossible to be placed. We are thus driven back to our old question, how are we to use our money I It is evident that it cannot be done in increasing commerce, in fostering railway enterprise—the largest industrial interest in the empire—or in affording to foreign governments the means for internal improvements or wasteful military expenditure, as the case may be. Nei ther does there appear the remotest probability that our own Government will require to absorb any portion of our savings in a public loan. But, then, our savings are exceedingly large. The amount is variously estimated at from fifty to a hundred and fifty millions annually. A very con siderable portion of this sum is devoted to inter nal improvements : better houses are built, fields drained, factories erected, shops opened, and so forth ; but allowing for all these means of outlay, a large balance still remains unaccounted for. It cannot be left to lie idle in the safes of our bankers. The instinct of the nation is thoroughly against this practice. Under the influence of panic the public are undoubtedly prone to hoard their money, but the feeling passes away with the exceptional circumstances that caused it. As a rule, Englishmen have nothing in common with the propensity of the Hindoo to bury a few pounds of silver in the ground, a pro pensity by the way which not only prevails in the East, but also extends to some nations of southern Europe. With ourselves and our northern neigh bours money is looked upon as a means, nob an end. To utilise our wealth has been almost im memorially our chief aim, and the wisdom of this course, in benefiting not only ourselves but others, is thoroughly demonstrated by experience. When ever a country or a colony desires to embark on a career of material improvement the first require ment is British capital. Hitherto the aid has been readily afforded, but its misuse has for the time stopped the supply. Still the capital is ac cumulated ; and the question is, how is it to be employed It is with some mistrust that we attempt to give an answer. All that can be done is to judge by experience. After the panic of 1847 we had little enterprise until the gold discoveries of California excited the public mind, and led to the creation of a host of mining companies. After 1857 there was again a period of quiet, followed by a general rush into banking and financial associations. After 18G6 what are we to expect? The most notable success of the day is the Atlantic Telegraph. Speculators on the Stock Exchange and elsewhere think of little else. Perhaps ocean telegraphy will prove the vent, and, provided that it is kept within proper limits, the whole world sill inevitably be the gainer. OUR CONTEMPORARIES. (THIS DAY.) The Times congratulates the public on the state of the national exchequer, finding abundant proof in the revenue returns just issued that there is nothing unsound in our industrial and commercial system, and that our na tional resources still retain their old elasticity. Dut:ng the last two years Mr. Gladstone has prevailed on perils ment to legislate confidently, and his latest financial ser vices may be counted among his very greatest. The revenue still increases, and at a rate which seems to show that in a year or two still further advances may be made in relieving the public, burdens. Though by the last two Budgets so great an amount of taxation has been taken off, and though our expenditure is still excessive in the matter of military and nav►l armaments, there is now little doubt that in 1867 the Chancellor of the Exchequer of that period will be able to forego a further proportion of his demands on the public purse. The three great dit:tions of the revenue—customs, exci. e, and the income tax, are in an eminently promising state. The customs show an increase of 252,000/. as compared with last year ; and the excise an increase of 188,0001. The Poet-office is increased by 115,000!. in the half year as competed with the corresponding period of last year ; and the income tax shows a greater proportionate yield than ever, the produce of a penny in the pound in the tax having risen from a million sterling, which was the esti mated product ten years ago, to nearly 1,400,000/. The Telegraph points the puzzled observer who wants to discover how it is that our revenue it thus steadily grow in' despite incessant reductions of taxation,—to the trade •td navigation returns. Our trade with the whole world —whether with our own possessions or foreign countries— is steadily on the increase. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING 'OCTOBER 1,180 i. Witt (curt. BALMORAL, Seri'. I. The Queen went out accompanied by Princess Louise, and attended by the Marchioness of Ely. Princess Christian drove in the afternoon, attended by the Hon. Mrs. H. Ponsonby. Prince Christian went out deer-stalking. Despatches were received on Saturday at the Colonial office from the Governors of Hong Kong and Ceylon. Despatches were sent to the Governor of the North American Provinces and Bermuda. Her Majesty has caused a smoking-room to be fitted up for the use of the servants at Windsor Castle. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge has resumed his official duties at the Hone Guards, after a tour of visits in the north. The Duke and Duchess of Newcastle have left the St. George's HoteL The Marquis of Hartington is at present at Vienna, after having visited the battle fields of the recent war between Prussia and Austria. The noble marquis is accompanied by Captain Elliot. Viscount and Viscountess Stratford de Redcliffe and Hon. Miss Canning left Aahridge Park on Friday, where they have been on a visit to the Earl Brownlow and Ludy Marian Alford. countess Jocelyn and Hon. Miss Jooelyn left town on Saturday to join Viscounteee Palmerton at Brockett Hail, Herts. The Lord Chancellor and Lady Chelmsford, ac companied by the Hon. Edward and Hon. Miss Thesiger, left Ashiidge Park, Hertfordshire, on Friday, for town, on their way to Tonbridr-wells. Mr. F. H. Russell, M.P., and Lady Elizabeth Ruall will move next week from Woburn Abbey to Oakley, the hunting seat of the Bedford family. Lord and Lady Russell, Lord West, and others left on Saturday for London ; Lady Frances Russell, Mrs. Lane Fox, and Mr. Romilly are still at the Abbey. Mr. Bright has received an invitation from the working men of Dublin to address them at a public meeting during his intended visit to that city. in his reply, ad dressed to Mr. John 3l'Corry, the hon. gentleman states that his stay in Dublin will be short, sad that he cannot now promise to attend any public meeting ; but if they will allow the matter to stand over till nearer the time perhaps some arrangement may be made for the purpose. By way of experiment, the engineer of the AL lantic Telegraph Company lately joined the extremities of the two cables which now stretch across the Atlantic, thus forming an immense loop of 3,700 miles. He then put some acid in a lady's silver thimble with bite of zinc and copper, and by this simple agency he succeeded in pasv;ug ataxia thrflugh tbc whole length ia little more than a second of time *,41. LATES4 INTELLIGENCE. • The Provincia et-Tercht now states that the ple biscite relative to Venetia will take place about the middle of the present month. The question will be put in these terms, "Do you wish to be oome pant of the constitutional monarchy of King Victor Emmanuel the Second, King of Italy, and of his legitimate successors 7" Among the persons arrested at Palermo are a great number of priests and monks who were taken with arms in their hands. WM CANADIAN EXTRADITION CASE. The official defence in the Moniker of the surrender of M. Danirande is examined and its fallacies exposed by the Daily News. If it were really true, as the French journal says, that all the legal formalities were observed, it would indeed be a severe reflection upon those forms. As to the Governor-General's order, we have it on the authority of Mr. Justice Drummond that it had been irrel i alarly obtained, and was used in a manner entirely contrary to Lord Monok's instructions ; and the Governor-General has himself sinter stated that he had never contemplated the use of his warrant to prevent such an appeal. The whole of the judger agree in denounchrg the proceedings taken to carry off the petitioner as utterly illegal. The lawyer who " represented the British crown," quoted by the Moniteur se establishing the propriety of the pro ceedings, happens to be the very person who, when before the judge, a few hours before Lernirunde was carried off , displayed great indignation at the bare suggestion that he was capable of being a party to the removal of the prisoner from the jurisdiction of the court. The case, as a whole, brings back with great force all the object tions which were tailed last session to the renewal of the Extradition Treaty with France. The chief difficulty then felt was that it is next to impossible to make a Frenchman, and especially a French official, understand the value we attach to our legal forms as guarantees of the liberty of the subject. The same incapa city is strikingly illustrated in this case. Of course, our government must ask for the restoration of Lamirande unless it did so, it would be regarded as delivering up the laws of the land to be trampled upon. When that has been dens it will be necessary to require from the Colonial executive an account of its conduct, which has been meat irregular. THE MILE ?AVM. Praising the meeting at the Mansion-house last Friday as showing a happy combination of discretion and zeal, the ran• goes on to accuse the Indian officials—and more especially the Bengal government—with the most culpable apathy, or at the very leant with unstatesmsinlike want of foresight. So far as last October there were indications -.^.11.mr of famine, sad by April the l elistiSon had set sharply in, '. yet daring all the time not thti. slightest preparation =to have been nada ' govillarnelth must hive ruffererhat most • and alniet Enlmps long prieffge in go eyes of itseildects, and are Arr stinnore if it be driven to appeal to the English for support. Lord Cranborne is in no immediate tof funds, but money in Chespaide is a very different com modity from money in °rims. Rice is of no use without the means of moving it from place to place, and we reed of 1,500 bags of rice being thrown away because it was im possible to land them, althoughat the moment in one station peeplawere dying at the rate of thoueseds • week. Yet the famine, with all its homes, may prove a blessing rather than a curse if it forces upon the government a solution of the most important of all Indian questions—that of irrigation. The bbetructive policy of the Calcutta govern ment in this matter stands emphatically condemned by public opinion both here and is India. It is in the power of the gentlemen who met at the Mansion-house to force this question, if aeceeeary, upon the attention of parlia ment, but it is to be hoped that the necessity will not arise. The Secretary of State for India has the matter in his own hands, and Lord Cranborne cannot better add to the reputation which he has already earned by his speedy settlement of the much-vexed military grievance question than by showing equal promptitude in grappling with the wont evil against which India is called on to contend. The Herald sees a party advantage in the matter. The late administration, it says, bad done nothing upon any comprehensive stale to relieve the common distress; no orders worth mentioning had been sent out, and although the calamity had been predicted and was foreseen, not a single step was taken to encounter it. Under these cir cumstances it is properly felt that the govehimeat, being largely responsible for the general suffering, should beer the chief burden of mitigating it. Happily for British India a set of statesmen are in office who appreciate their responsibilities. The Telegraph despairs of conveying to the pub'c an adequate account of the misery and desolation which pre vailed in the country at the date of the last intelligence. Ralasore was feeding twenty-five thousand paupers a day, Pooree five thousand, Cutts& four, Midnapore tea, and Nuddea, a rich indigo tract, eleven thousand. At Bala sore, a thousand a week were dying, and sines the living were too weak to burn or bury the dead, the town, in the plain language of one account, "began to stink," and by-and-bye frightful fevers will slay the emaciated people. The price of such rice as remained was a rupee for half • seer—two shillings a pint ; and, with very many of the °oriels, a rupee is as much a • week's wages. The cattle perish for want of pasture, so that milk fails the people. In Bellary alone we hear of 2,E37 houses abandoned by the despairing peasants in search of help; and in Calcutta thirty wretched creatures were unshed in the crowd of applicanta who gathered to receive a beboo's gift of food at the " shraeh," or " death annivenszy" of hie brother. ICS TOPICS. The Times regards it as impossible that at the prevent tariff the Atlantic cable should be used for the transmission of news or ordinary messages. Let the charge be brought within moderate limits, and the business of the company amid not but increase enormously. Our contemporary trusts it may not be long before the two cables between Ireland and Newfoundland are as useful and as much em ployed as those between England and France. The truth is, it is daily more evident that the practice of telegraphy is as yet extremely immature. There is no reason why the business of our telegraph companies should not be a hundredfold greater than it is now. The present scale of charges is universally far too high. Apropos of the pastoral letter from Archbishop Man ning on the temporal power, the Daily New describes the kind of men who are selected by the court of Rome as the fittest instruments of the conversion of England, as honest and devout theologians who know nothing of Rome but its select ecclesiastical society, and who speak and think of the Papal court as though it were an ante chamber of Heaven. Yet it is often impossible to account for their language respecting the temporal power. In their controversy they mingle together the attributes and sover&lnties of the temporal and spiritual powers, finding this course a convenient and convincing mystification. It stupefies the intelligence of the largo majority of the faithful and spellbinds the susceptible conaciences of women. The history of the Papal States and of the temporal power is surpassed by no other record of eat thly sovereignty in fraud and violen,.e. We are told that the object of the temporal power is the perfect freedom of the sp'-itoal office. This freedom is considered per:ect when the Holy Father is maintained on his temporal throne against the disounteut of his people by a foreign gai.ison, and when his 'eerier administration is the scandal of the civilised world. The Post assrmes from Mr. Bright's late speech that compulsory secular education would be one of the first measures of a refoi.ned parliament, and that this is con templated on the principle that the state is the common parent. Consequently the proposition aims a blow at the national chrrch. Commenting upon the Earl of Devon's explanation re specting the appointment of Mr. Lawrence and Mr. H. T. Wilson to the magistracy at Liverpool, the Star says these promising acquisitions to the magistracy will have to be thrown over, not for flooding Lancaster with corruption— that is one of their claims to the commission of the peace —but because there is a noise about the affair in the press and they must be sacrificed lest the system should ex. plode. Flagitious partisanship is still the road to tory honours, but an occasional sacrifice to the proprieties— which is neither here nor there—must be made in order to keep things quiet and pleasant. REMARKS. Barometric pressure has increased considerably over the British Isles since Saturday, whilst temperature has fallen on our northern and eastern coasts and risen on our southern and western coasts. Light north-easteny winds chiefly prevail this morning, and fog is very general on the coasts of England. Lord Harrowby still thinks, in opposition to the Times, that the evidenoes in favour of Christianity might be appropriately discussed in such institutions as the Midland Institute. " Faith," he says, " can be well and better discussed elsewhere, and the differences and the feelings excited by these differences would be too intense and, unhappily, too bitter to admit of calm discussion. But upon the el idences let me remind your readers that there has been in the main a general agreement, some lay ing greater stress upon one branch or iiew of them, some on another ; but that still the differences are not such as excite much warmth ef feeling se peculiar to different sects or churches.' Further, that, although evidence need not be entirely banished from the pulpit, nay,would in judicious hands and in proper places be highly to the purpose, yet consecutive courses, going into historical and logical dis mission, would hardly suit a mixed and general con gregation." His Excellency the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland has kindly promised to become the patron of the Irish branch of the National lifeboat Institution, and to con tribute 101. a year in aid of its funds. The Mayor of Bradford (Mr. J. V. Godwin) has convened a publics meeting, on requisition, for this evening, to consider the question of a general holiday on the Bth inst., ou the ocession of the reform demonstration of the West Riding. Meetings are being held nightly in the various villages around Bradford, with a view to create an organisation amongst the working classes for the coining meeting. M. BRIGHT AND THE SCOTTISH REFORM LCAGUE.—At a meeting of the council of the Scottish Re form League, on Friday night, a letter from Mr. Bright, M.P. was read, intimating his intention to ho present on Tuesday, October 18. The arrangements for the presence of Mr. Hadar and a deputation from the London League were also announced as completed. It is expected that a number of bberal members of parliament and other pro minent reformers will also be present. THE TRADES' DEMONSTRATION IN LONDON.—The demonstration to be held in London, under the auspices of the Working Men's Association, promises to be a very imposing one. At a meeting of the executive council of the association, on Saturday night, the sub-committee reported that circulars had been sent out to about MO so cieties, and that the delegates from several of the most important trades had already been appointed, hut that some few societies were prevented from taking part in the proposed demonstration, owing to their rules forbidding poutiml action. The programme was then considered and decided upon, of which the following is an out line :—That those delegates attending the preliminary meeting, authorised by their societies to take part in the demonstration, should be formed into a committee for carrying out the movement, ander the superin tendence of the executive committee of the Working Men's Association. That where societies were prevented by their constitution from taking pelt as a society in the demonstration, an aregate meeting of the members of the trade be held to consider the propriety of their taking part in the demonstration as members of the trade only. That in all trades taking mut in the movement a levy of Id. be placed upon each member to defray general expenses. That al rangements be made with the proprietor of the AshbwnhaTo-grounds, Cremoi domonetration in that place. ii, fo r e holding the MIDDLE-CLASS EDI:CATION FOR THE METROPOLIS. —To-day will be opened the first school in connexion with the new and comprehensive scheme of middle-class educa tion for the metropolis, towards which the merchants and bankers of the City of London have subscribed sums amounting in the aggregate to 33,000/. The scheme was proposed about sprat: ago by the Rev. W. Rogers, rector of Brshopegate. A site for a central school has not yet been obtained, but the French Protestant Hospital in Bath-street, St. Luke's, being vacant in consequence of the removal of the inmates to the new building at Hackney, it was selected by a committee for one of the outlying schools, and it has been adapted for the purpose at • cost of about 2,0001. The school will ac commodate .500 boys, and will be opened, as already stated, to-day. A heed master has been selected in the person of the Rev. W. Jowitt. The fee for each boy is to be 41. per year, and there are to ho no extras. The course of instruc tion will include the English language and literature, His tory and commercial geography, mathematics. surveying, French, drawing, book-keeping, &c. The books to be used are few in number, and comparatively inexpensive. The age of admission is to be from 7 to 15, and the mode of entry is by nomination from the bankers and others who are governors, and of whom there are about 130. The govern ing council is composed of 21 gentlemen. A royal charter of incorporation has been obtained, and, according to pre sent appearances, this important scheme of education promises to be eminently successful, and to confer an im mense amount of good upon the middle classes. THE SENTENCE OP HARD LABOUR UPON CHILD.—Mr. O'Donel bee given the following explanatiou of his sentence on • child :—" To the Editor of the En/din Evening Mail. Carel-street Police-office, Sept. 27, 1806.—Sir, —I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt this day of the report of Mr. C. T. Gavin, Local Inspector of the Richmond Bridewell, to the Inspector- General of Prisons, in reference to • child named Patrick O'Brien, aged about four years, whom, together with his sister and two other children, I committed from the head police-office on the 22nd inst. to prison for 14 days for begging. In reference to these cases I have to state that on two previous occasions those children were brought before me on similar charges, and on the first occasion I discharged them with a caution. I had their relations sent for, and some women who appeared and represented themselves as such promised me to keep them off the streets. On seeing them again brought up a few days afterwards and being in formed by the court sergeant and other members of the police force present that they were systematically driven out to beg, I felt urged, in mereyto the children th emselves, who looked starved so d asked, to commit them to prison where, at least, they would be fed ; and whatever reluct ance I felt in doing so wee entirely removed by the fact that when the children learnt where they were going to they cheered with delight, as if the greatest boon had been bestowed upon them. As to the addition of ' hard labour' attached to the committal, the statute leaves no option, and the words ere printed in the form of committal; but in the cam of a child such words I consider wholly in operative. In oonelusion, I beg to refer to Mr. Gevin's report, in which, in describing the 'child sa ° u miserable, starved-looking creature,' he suggests the beet possible motive for a considerate magistrate to save the cluld for however short a period, from • condition so deplorable,— I have the honour to be. sir, your most obedient servant, C. J. O'DoNEL. The Under-Secretary, Dublin Castle." GREAT FLOODIS IN NORTH LANCAENERE.—For some weeks pest sparsely a single day has passed over without a fall of rain in Nash Lancashire, and this bee had the effect of swelling the rivers, brook; sluices, &c., to almost the height of their bents. In many cases the water has backed op Is the drams en the low-lying loads in the vicinity of the rivers and brooks, and placed the g,:os...sg crops a considerable depth under water. SAXONY. The royal Treasury of Saxony, to the amount of 37 millions of florins, is still at Munich. The Saxon employes who took it there, and to whose guardianship it is confided, and who consist of four cashiers, four clerks, and another, have been expecting for the last week instructions to take the treasure back to Saxony, and if a Vienna journal is well informed, theywill not have longto wait, as it is stated dud the militaryconvention between Prussia and Saxony is now before King William for ratifi cation. The essential stipulations are that the Saxon army shall be placed under the ooramand-in chief of the King of Prussia, and organised after the Prussian system ; the army is moreover LI be raised from 22,000 to 40,000 men. The con vention will be brought into execution by the Ist of next July, at the latest. Up to that time the fortress of Kcenigatein will have a mixed garrison, but Dresden will be evacuated by the Prussians. The hardest stipulation seems to be that which gives to Prussia the right to occupy Saxony, if necessary, even in time of peace. The negotiations for peace itself will not commence until after the ratifications for this military con vention are exchanged. (noTEE's nizcaAms.) ITALY. FLORENCE, Barr. 90, Eviernw. A decree hes been issued to-day disbanding the volunteers. The Florence journals announce that the Senate will shortly be convoked as a high court of juatice for the trial of Admiral Pereano. HUNGARY. PESTII, Elam 30. The Hungarian Diet will assemble at the begin ning of November. A considerable number of troops are being con veyed from Vienna to Peath. The cholera is diminishing, EXPRESS FROM PARIS. THE NEW AMERICAN MINISTER AT PARIS. (ram ow' ows coazzarcannwr.) PARIS, SoNDAI Eiz►.lKO. The unexpected news telegraphed from New York that Mr. Bigelow, the American Minister here, is superseded by General Dix, is thus com mented upon by the Patric : This news is important in • double point of view. As far as concerns France, if our relations with the United States have nothing to gain by tb's change of the . - pleni potentiary we have cm Airily nothing to lose. It was durzug the embassy of Mr. Bigelow that Mr. Seward addressed to the French government a great many despatches on Mexican affairs which were by no means rendered more affable by the minister through whom they were preempted. If Mr. Bigelow was too gentlemanly to envenom the discus sions about Mexico, it cannot be said that he did anything to soften them. His successor, General Dix, has no diplomatic antecedents to commit him to an irrevocable opinion upon this question, or any other. His character, as high but more ooncPiator/ than that of Mr. Bigelow, leads to the hope that not only will be contribute to the maintenance of the friendly relations now existing between France and the United States, but will endeavour to draw them closer. General Dix will the more easily be enabled to do this because he is chosen directly by the President, whereas Mr. Bigelow owed to the death of Mr. Dayton him promotion from the post of consul-general to that of minister plenipotentiary. It remains to be seen whether the Senate will confirm the new appointment. According to the letters of the consti tution this confirmation is indimpensable. Mr. Johnston alleges, however, that he has a right to fill up vacant planes when the Senate is not sitting. It is probable that when the next sess:cn opens the Senate will have something to say on the subject. . . . . . _ Mr. Bigelow is now at Biarritz, and lately ac companied the Emperor during his inspection of the ironclad fleet. ARRIVAL OF TROOPS AT HALIFAX.—Late 011 Sa turday evening last the Admiralty received per Atlantic Cable a teleg.am announcing the safe arrival, on the pre ceding Thursday, of tho Cunard steamers Tarifa and Europa with the 13th Hussars on board. AU well. Eighteen horses had died on the passage. _ _ _ . _ The Emperor Napoleon has caused himself to be inscribed as an exhibitor of the 10th class at the Great Exhibition of 1467. That class comprises ameliorations of the moral and physical state of man. His Majesty has designed a model for a workman's house, which to lowness of price unites all the accommodations desirable and the conditions required by the public health. By paying a moderate rent, one part of which would be devoted to a kind of sinking fund, the tenant would in a few years become the proprietor of the house, such being, in his Majesty's opinion, one of the surest methods of insti`li-,g habits of order and economy in the working classes. General Prim is now stopping at Brussels. Mr. Adams, the American minister, and his family are stopping in the same city. . . . According to the Berlin journals the expenses to the city attending the entii of the army on the 20th and 21st amounted to 30,000 t. The annual congress of the 00-operative and similar societies in Germany I% PI be held at Camel on the 7th instant, lasting three days. The chief of the feudal party in Prussia, M. Gerlach, president of the Court of Appeal at Magdeburg, and one of the founders of the Kreuft-Zeihnw, has just published a remarkable brochure, entitled '• The Annexa tion and the Northern Confederation," in which, on behalf of bis party, be expresses his regret for a war which has caused Prussia to lose her best and strongest ally (Austria) against the revolution. He does not believe in the crowning of German unity effected by Prussia, and con demns in the policy of the cabinet all which seems to tend toward liberal ideas, which he describes as the old and sworn enemies of the crown. This pamphlet is looked neon as a proof of the schism between Count Bismarck and the Prussian conservatives. The Rev. George Ridding has been appointed head master of Winchester College, in the room of the Rev. Dr. Moberly, who filled that office for 30 years. An elder brother of the late Sir A. J. D. Tich borne is stated to be on his way from Australia, to claim the baronetcy. He has been away from England many years, and was supposed to be dead. . . . . . It was stated at Dorchester market last week that wheat before next harvest will be 17/. a load, and bread IBd. a gallon. The consumption of breed in the United Kingdom requires, in ordinary someone, the importation of a cargo of wheat of 2,000 qrs. daily, and owing to the bed harvest that quantity will now have to be doubled. A great portion of the English wheat, owing to its damp. non, will have to be mixed with dry foreign grain for the purpose of being pound. lb/. a load has been refused for thy stacked wheat. . . An American paper describes a duel between Mn. Martha Stewart and Mrs. Roberta, of San Antonio, Tao. • The weapons were revulvas. Mrs. Stewart is dated to have beau bully wounded. --- - SERIOUS ACCIDENT ON THE SOUTH EASTERN RAILWAY.' Yesterdiy morning an accident of a rather serious nature oecerrod to the missies mall train of the South E• 141111. Railway at Tunbridge Junction. The train leaves ChariAPCSOB at 7.25, and London-bridge station at 7.38. It had proceeded all right to the Tunbridge Junction, at which point • portion of the train, containing the passengers far Tunbridge-well end Hastings, is de tached—the front pet ties terming on to Dover, By some iniaadventure the detached portion of the train, consisting of four well tilled car riages, was sent into a siding, instead of forward on the main line to the station platform. The passenger car riages ran with considerable speed into • train of empties, which was standing on the siding. A considerable num ber of the passengers sustained rather severe injuries in scalp wounds, bruises, contusions, and concussion, but the rumours afloat this morning as to the number and severity of the injuries snstained—of two persons having died of than, &a, are, we are glad to learn, greatly exaggerated. As far we can ascertain there were no bones broken, although three of the carriages were shivered to pieces. The accident is supposed to be attributable to two causes—the pointeman having sent the carriages on to the wrong line, and the guard of the detached carriages having been too late in uncoupling, so that he could not check the momentum. WEATHER REPORT.-(THIS DAY.) MOSIDIT, OCTODIE 1, 8 A.M. Ito_l Y r.i Extrra Sea, a . W. , ...,, W. lIL'I to ul P. ; D. I 19. Naho 3929141 8.8. E. 1 I 8.8. W. b 0.05 1 abardsma 3328,47 W. 1 1 N.E. rb .0.50 1 Leith drdroman 110.2Z158 N.E. 3 3 S. bo I— I 2 Valautia 110.09 64 Z. 0 1 Nat.& bl 1- -, - lArerpoot 30.2158 E.S.E. 1 2 W.N.W. ot 0.11 1 Holyhead 30.170 N.N.E. 1 2 I N.N.E. ct • I 2 PSIII2IIIOO 30.1566 Z. 0 4 N. N.E. d —' 2 Brost I . Lorieut 30.0061 N. 3 4 3 .E. ob 0.03 2 Plymouth - Weymouth Portamouth lO.ll 68 N.N.B. 3 3 LBW. Iro ' 0.14 2 Louden - _. 30.13 54 N.E. 2 3 K. too 0.01.1 Yarmouth 30.14 67 N.E. 1 2 8.9. W. V' —I 1 Scarborough. 30.21 64 N.N.E. 1 1 N. m 0.03 2 I , Intlelds 130_17 65 N.H. 2 2 lt.E. o; 2 Hakim , 1 LAW INTELLIGIFINC% (THIS DAY.) COURT OF BANKRUPTCY. (Before Kr. Commissioner Winslow.] His Honour eat for the first time linos his This was aloe the first day on which sittings ter " 414611 . tion and discharge were taken. itn=iolr.) IN RI BRITON. Th e bankrupt was a farmer, of Rannineba ra , 144 *. Debts, 1,6001. ; property held as security, 1,400/. Mr. Begley, for the millifuort, did not oppose, and oti t h a t th e winding up of the estate had bean attended elk a famarable result. No creditor opposed. Mr. Dubois, whoappmred for the bankrupt, d e w that the unsecured de incurred on the bankrupt% eel account amounted to little over 1001. After some rebel amendment of the acconate the i se h, rapt passed, and the order*/ discharge wsa anted, IN BB JOHN CHUBB. Th e bankrupt described as a commerci a l traven ee Lewisham, sad late a prisoner for debt, me fer raj a* yen-sin business ma tailor, in Cheapaide, the beausetsing now carried on by his eon, for whom he travels Th e was the sitting for examination and discharge. The d e * are 4,1751., nearly all far money lent ; 3,5001. of this nom* is dun to t h e Rev. (1. Osborn, Wesbryan minister. Mr. Aldridge appeared for the official assigue ; ea leads „d imes h a d b e en appointed. The bank ru pt hr e z a composition of 6s. in the pound to some of Ms but others ndusing to swept it, be had been thins lib bankruptor. The h ae kra yt siesaminad, stated that hie sae h a d e t' paid him an for his business. The Rev. Hr. Odium executed the but waived his claim. His creditor was Mr. Mason, the solicitor, who pre: ll % o l ls t deed. Mr. Osborn did not give up his debt, bet emmedeil to its being ed. It appeared that the bankrupt having pitm en & h forest peeped', the creditors had not had the mud mike of this sitting. His Honour said that notice must be given to all thins. ditors under 501., and adjourned the awe for that puma MIDDLESEX SESSIONS. (THIS DAY.) The October quarter sessions of the pesos to, the county of Mid' Jlesex commenced this morn* et g i s Sessions-hone, Clerkenweß-green, before Mr. %id & Asaistant4udge, and the following justices :—Mr. Pond (chs"man), Mr. Kemehesd, Mr. Woodward, Dr. Josh Mr. J. M. Bentley, Mr. Giles Filcher, Mr. Rankine, Mg, Ridge, Sir James Tyler, and Mx. Charles White. THZ CALECDAR. Althongb the last sessions only concluded on Base* afternoon, there are at the present sessions 49 pim a for trial, 43 being indicted for felony, and 6 for Ida. meanour. The canes are of the usual elan, of robberies from the person, embezzlements ; l ea offence appears to be on the increase), smalls ea Ilse police, assaults with the infliction of bodily harm, Me*. nig and entering dwelling-houses, uttering a forged ad. for the payment of money, cutting and wounffing,lig stealing, and several minor offences. The state of edam. tion of the prisoners was reported to be as Mien:— can neither read nor *Ate, 14 ; can read only, 2 ; eland and write imperfectly, 31 ; can road and write well, 1 _ 111POrtANT 6HARGIA TO THE GRAND JURY. —MEUM JURE NT%TEN. On the grand jury being sworn by Mr. Rumba", 14 crier of the mart, The Assistant-Judge addressed them as follows:—fist. dolmen of the Grand Jury, —You are no doubt made* aware of the nature of your duties to render any dirndls from me unnecessary. I may, however, remind yea NM it is your promos to ascertain by the examination of the witnesses on the book of each indictment which is bra* before youwhether the facts proved satisfy you that aphis kale case of guilt is established. The examination of me witness may in your judgment prove this prima fade or, and you need not then trouble yourselves further. bat at once find a true bill. At the same time you should a take upon yourselves to ignore any without examining may witness who can be brought before you. On the peseettem cession the calendar contains comparatively few mass; yee this I fear does not indicate any diminution in the nmeW of e between the offences, but is obviously consequent on the ray giblet interval which has last arson sad the resent. You wi not, therefore, be much occupied, but d the contrary were the fact, I can hardly my that your utility would be likely to compensate for the dermal upon your time and attention. Some serioas minds have, as you are aware, lately occurred in reference to the proceedings of grand juries, but I would not treat the, r grounds of objection for mistakes which must and will ocean any for mof administration, but I allude to them became*" have had the effect of recalling public attention to the subject, and this enables me to repeat what I hare fim quently urged from this place, that the result of my et• perlenee has satisfied me that apart from the mustiest d , abolishing grand juries as a part of our system, their 'elm ference in the great majority of mom within this juin:beim can and ought to be dispensed with. It may appearances& one that criminals should he proceeded alpinism • different manner in different parts of the icMgdom, but it meet lie remembered that in the metropolitan district cases are met for trial by magistrates of legal knowledge and exrerienee, and that they carefully reform the duty which in other places devolves on grand dui its. I may for a moment all your attention to another matter of no small importable, which has several times been obsei red upon by gentlemen in the sane petition as yourselves. I allude to the poet number of trifling cases which the magistrates el police-courts are not at present authorised to by in a summary manner. You will find in the 4: sesaion no less than five cases in which persons am vrith embezzling small re main the course of their employment in the service of bakers, dairymen, and others, all d which have to go through the routine of committal, tai ing by a grand jury, and trial by a petty jury, with in the loss of time and expense that necessarily follow, whim Pm tics might be most satisfactorily secured by the police am gistrate in a few hours at the utmost. I have felt it a duty to press this and other analogous classes of crime upon the notice of the government, and I am not without hopes of a remedy being provided during the next semis of parliament. I will now, gentlemen, remit you to the peformance of your duties. THE POLICE COURTS. (THIS DAY.) MANSION-HOUSE. FNMA) BY A CLIMK. lar s John Francis Harley, a young man of respectshle pearance, described on the charge sheet as residi ng at Frith-street, Sabo, and by profession a clerk, was before Alderman Sir R. W. Carden with stealing en the 24th of August last • port-office order for the payment ci 71., the property of Mr. Alfred Lager-ton, seed mireallaer No. 5, Aldgate, his master. The prosecutor stated that the prisoner had beer Dose time in his aersioe as clerk, and his duty was, while bs (prosecutor) was on his journeys travelling for ordas,te receive all monies, cheques, drafts, money-orders, and Ws, and after entering them in the cash-hook and paining the sums to the credit of the customers in the ledger, to foe ward the documents and securities to bim. On Wards, last he (the prosecutor) called upon a customer at Oxfords of the name of Chaundy, for an account of 71., who that gentleman produced to him • document ekteell by the prisoner, acknowledging the receipt of a mow order for the amount, dated the 23rd August last. The order had been cashed at the head money order office is London on the 24th August, and on an inspection of the books it had been ascertained that the amount had ad been entered the prisoner in the cash-book, nor pada to Mr. Chaundy's credit in the la s er. This moron when taxed sal it the prisoner state' in the prance °I; detective officer Smart that it Wail true he had mane the order, but that he had lost it together with the Isted in which it had been forwarded from Oxford. In reply to the Alderman, the prosecutor stated that he had reason to believe that this was not a solitary instance of fraud committed by the prisoner, but as he (theht he pro he s. tutor) bad reached home late on S rturday nigd not had time to go with minuteness tbrou:h the books rs es to ascertain the extent of the prisoner's defaleatiseer and on this ground he must ask for a remand for a vat Alderman Sir R. W. Carden granted the reread se prayed, and refused the prisoner's application to be ail' milted to bail BOW-STREET. strnatsnv AT A Prerrne DT-ALTA . & Francis Knight, 21, printer. and Mary Bresnan, 18, Cieltute, living together at No. 3, Parker -street, Warr *, were charged with having in their possession two 00 paintings, stolen from Mr. Thomas Warren, picture dealer, of Broker's-alley. Long-acre. It appeared that on the night of the 6th ult., Kr. Warren, having securely closed his shop at about half-pssl 9, and gone to bed early, was woke up about hal past 11 by a crashing and rattling at the shop window. ris went downstairs, and found that the shutter-bar bid MI " sprung." and one of the shutters removed ; Tone for a man to p lasshadbeen act through. oat, leaving s a e n ven oapertuiliwpalanatiessa mead been carried off. He went to theme -boos to give information to the police. la. yell, 15 F, and Constable Dowdall, 11'3 F, west the spot and examined the premises. After rearm ing inquiry Aelriell obtained information is ease quence of which he went to the lodgings of thprig°. fn Parkin-street last night, and found them in bed WOW% Be told them who he was (though that was a matter form, as they knew b'hn perfeetlyi and said be had come for some pictures . Knight said " What pictures?" Afk* tell replied, " There was a burglary committed in Ember alley, on the 6th of lest mon th , and I know you how., of the pictures here. I want them." The pr soner Knight 3 plied, " I know nothing about it. It will asks you your time to fix zee." Achrell searched the plass ,a." found two of the mining oil paintings. Knight rad, I know nothing about them. They were left hese." t" i .' searching theplase Ackrsll found a leather brief beg.= pocket outside and patent spring lock, oontainizir nap'ains. marked W. R. Wool, a bottle of chlorodyne_ •••?; of chemicals, and wine pike; articles. He also We ^,- they sand le tb Tb load lend elea men fend