The Express. — London, England, 1846-12-29 00:00:00

NEW WORK BY MICHAEL ANC:FA) Ti Os 1110 let of January, to be continued Monthly' le. each, with numerous Illustration. no Steel end W VANITY FAIR: PEN & PENCIL SKET 'LIES OF ENGLISH SOCIETY. By W. 11.Thaotratar. Author of " The Sketch Book ;" " Journ from Cornhtll to Grand Cairo ;" of " James's Diary," and the "Snob Papers," in "Punch," &c. Ste. • Bilis end Airertieernants will be rec. ircd at the Office during the zateeth. London •. Publielwd at the "Punch" Office, SS, Flcetatreet ; J. Menzies, Edinburgh; J. Y.Leod, GLegow; .1. Attilashan. Dublin. The followbig Works will be published on the 3lst inst. VANITY FAIR.—PEN AND PENCIL SEMI:W.3 OP ENG I SOCIZTY. No. I. By W. M. THAI:K=IY Mt/marsh). With Numerous Illuurations. Prior Is. THE OMIC HISTORY of ENGLAND. 1. No. VU . By CiIL2MIT A. a ISSCICLI7. Magritte:l by Lamm Price In. DOUGLAS JERROLD'S SHILLING MAGAZINE. No. XLV. PUNCH! or, THE LONDON CHARIVARI. Pert LEVI. Prins Is. 4d. London: Pubthhal at the Punch office,ls, rleet-stroet. NEW WORK BY 807. On the MA inst., will be nublialted. price la, the Fourth Number of DEALINGS wait TILE FIRM OF 1)0MBEY AND SON, Wholesale, Retail, and for Ezportution. By CII.IIILES DICKENS. With Mita/Idioms by DABLOT K. BROWSE. Loaded: Bradbury and Erma, Whitehiara PRUNETTPS MODEL of ANCIENT JERU SALEM, RA in the d.o , of oar Redeemer — the labour of years— am the ihhie and Je.eaii,..—nenrly 200 inirreclal feet—visited in Dublin, Liremaol, &c., by at lewd 00,000 persons, Mending 1,000 eloreymm and 3,0 travellers to the Italy Land.—Noor in alum of exhibition at 213, Piro dilly, from Fdecen till Fire, Seven till Ten. Admittance, Is. Children sad Schools, Gd. A lecture every hour in illustration. Charity Schools free. AUREN'I"S CASINO, at the ROYAL ADELAIDE GALLERY, still continues to be the magnet of at traction, nightie luring its habituOi within that inaelsirom the POLKA. and cock warty: of the mazy dance. Grand Vocal and In strumental Cncert. celebrated LISTED( ETHIOPIAN SERE NADER, whose performances have crested the most perfect furor in the provinces, and which have been pronounced by the musical world to be unrivalled The tone of the Lantum in AA pleming as it is novel. These sable minstrels will give a MORNING ENTERTAIN MENT at the Casino each day at Three o'clock, and in the Evening will again appear after the concert . — Doors open at Seven o'clock; performances terminate at half-past Eleven. Admission, lc •THEATRE ROYAL IIAYMARKE'r. Great Attraetian for the Holidays, and lamellae Sammy of the New Drama, TOE ROUND OF *RONG.—The new Comic Drama of STORYTELLING, and the new Grand Fairy Extravaganza. of THE INTIttIBLE PRINCE, or She bland of Tranquil Delight, having been highly successful, will be acted every evening. pAN'r()NIEIII.73.—I'ItIVATE pi. BOXES at Drury the - lane, H PrimaWa, aymarket, Ad Lyceum, and all Minor Theatres, eitlaer for tame or small partim, to be had on the moat reworiable term", at ANDREWS' Library, lb 7, New Rond-street. 'Private 11411(4 and Stall. for the French Playa wet Ethiopian Sere nader., at the St. Je..'s Thtre ; Family Tickets for the Celonetun. AN lIREW aun S' Library ,n , 167, New Bond-street (adjoining the Clarendon Hotel.) eyaragg. MAILS. The mails for New South Wales, Van Dlemen's Land, and New Eftland will be made up on the evening of the 31st December. The Weit India mut., including those for :des-ico, Honduras, and the limurinalt, will he made up on the morning of the 2nd January, The 0,1+01 , 1 mails for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the !mien Island*, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and China, via Southampton, Will be male up on the evening of the 2d January. The .nails bee Mita& North America, Bermuda, and the United States, will he made up on the evening of the 4th January. The intik for the 11r.gits, the River Plate, Monte Valeo, Pernam buco, Bahia, Ma tetra, and Buenos Ayres, will be dispatched on the evening of the 4th January. The overland closed mails, ria Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, near Kong, Sm., will be made up on the evening of the 7th January. The mails for Vigo, OpOrto, Lisbon, fadeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, will be made up on the morning of the 7th January. TO CORRESPONDENTS. •. Advertisements intended for Th.. Exprear, London evening paper, must be at the Ottlce by Two o'clock on the day of publication. TUG!' WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE. • Tula DAT. —Morning, 12 min. pant 1I ; Afternoon, 43 min. pa.st 11. -Ammon—Morning, 0 min. mot 0 ; Afternoon, 16 min. past 0. co LONDON, TUESDAY, DEC. 29. TILE tidings from India are decidedly those of economy and peace. The accounts from all quarters coincide in this respect. The Cashmere insurrection against GOOLAB SING proves not to be a serious one; that of the Chief of MOULTAN against the Alabarajahl of LAHORE more a financial higgle, than a political resistance. The Nizam has at length appointed a Vizier of our choice, and Nepaul no longer forms even the heading of a piece of news. The marching of TEJ SING, and the Lahore contingent, in aid of Root ttl, and in concert with the British, shows that the machinery of a Sikh military empire under British suzerainty is not so unacceptable after all to those chiefs and feudatories. They have more security than under the old regime, if they have lens plunder; and wo do not see why the aristocracy of the l'unjaub should not show attachment to, and confidence in, British supremacy, while it protects them in their posts mid holdings, and leaves them no longer exposed to the caprices of a corrupt and ever changing court. The revolt, or rather the refusal of formal submis sion and tribute, on the part of ENIAN-00D-DEEM, the Chief of CASII SRI', was probably owing to uncertainty as to the amount of support which we had promised to Row. tit SING. The Cashmerians probably looked upon that chief as what he was of late years, the simple Chief of JEMMOO, in dread and jealousy of the Lahore government, and little able to move an army of his own resources and authority to surmount the ha s ge s u r Cashmere. The instahtancoes march 01 (1:71:-'1'rs f once convinced the recalf::t yan t s , that GOOLAB SIXu was fully supported ; and the fact v mught a similar conviction at the same time upon those far more formidable foes, the Mahommedan chiefs of the hills between Cashmere and Affghanistan. The promptness of Lord HARDINGE'S move in occupying ammo, and that of his diplomatic agents in reaching Cashmere, demonstrate to the peopee of the north-west, that our protection really covers the entire region, and wo shall permit neither machina tion nor resistance. This demonstration, having had at once so speedy awl salutary an effect,. does in Until give hopes of pacification of the Punpub, and of our being able to govern and tranquillise the country of the five rivers, from the mouth to the sources of the Indus, by the mingled terror and bene ficence of the English name. The kind of omnibus correspondence published in the generality of the morning journals, under the head of the Indian mail, is this time some what unjust to GOOLAB SING. It represents him as a mere usurper, with no right whatever to a kingdom amongst the hills, as hated both by Hindoo and Mahommedan, and as a second SHAH SOOJAII, whom the British are setting up. This is rather unfair. We arc no great admirers of GOOLAB SING. But there is no denying that he bad made himself an empire long before we crossed the Sutlej, and 'a virtually independent one in Jummesa and in the hill country round it ; that, in making it over to the Lahore Rajah, we should have expelled GOOL tn vi et amnia from a kind of sovereignty which he had long held, and that on the contrary, by leaving it to him, we merely sanctioned what is every day taking place in the East,—an empire and a dynasty founded by personal address. The grand motive for preserving the Sikhs as a mili tary and an independent nation upon our frontier is, that they are irrevocably separated by religious differ ences from the Mahommedan races beyond, by whom they have been oppressed, and whom they have op pressed in turn. 1% e may rely upon the Sikhs as foes to the Afighans ; and, by management, we may overcome old jealousy and inveteracy against us. The i against Cashmere is a strong and valuable only showing to us that we may use our late ` displaying to the Mahommedan races and British guns and bayoneta in array ircumstance could have so powerful in allaying the warlike propensities CEDARKHAN. CEDAR KHAN. The proof, indeed, -,ommedans arc awed, is their not having insurrection of Cashmere. That "happy valorously as it has withstood wars sustsined them of its own spirit or was always Affghan who held Cash- Sikh, or Sikh who contested with Cashmerians themselves being food for a' for combat. So it has proved in the In-DEEM. is the same feeling of security, same symptoms, which emboldens India, not only to persevere in itish contingent from Lahore, but in army in Scinde from 15,000 to 7,000 eduction is, in all probability, pre final abandonment of that territory, such an awful item in the Indian Although Sir CHARLES NAPIER con raise the revenue of Scinde from 0 70,0001., the extraordinary military charges of the province, independent of the ordinary military expenses, arc set down at 800,000/. And no matter what reform, what justice is demanded of Cm Indian government—even in the flagrant find onerous caso of the salt duties—ihe mouth of the poor or the just petitioner 'is infallibly stopped by the enormous outlay of Scinde. We are, however, now glad to see symptoms of governor-general acting upon one fixed and provident principle of both policy and finance. These last movements and orders render manifest the idea that is dominant, the policy that is to be followed out. It is sincerely to be hoped, that uo untoward event will occur to derange or disappoint such calculations. Tim charter of New Zealand has received the approbation of her Majesty in council, and is hence forth the palladium !t is framed• fr a bold and generous spirit : it is worthy of the intellect of Britain, enlightened by . the reflected lights of two hundred years of colonization on a scale of magnitude attempted by no previous nation. 'the charter and the new commissions and instruc tions to the governors appointed under it, derive their authority from the act passed in the last session of parliament, and are in strict conformity with its pro visions. The shorter repeals that of 1840, and creates powers, municipal, legislative, and adminis trative, for New Z e alana. The instructions under the royal signet and sign manual exhibit the constitu tion of the colony "in all the detail in which it has been possible to prepare it in this country." One commission appoints Captain GREY Governor-in- Chief of New - Zealand, and Governor of each of the two provinces into which the islands are, pro teen re, to be divided. The other appoints Mr. EIRE Lieu tenant-Governor of these provinces. The municipal administration is the basis of the whole system. Every district settled by colonists of European birth or origin is to be erected into a borough ; every borough is to elect a common council, from which are to be chosen a mayor and a court of aldermen. The common council, besides electing the magistrates to whom the local administration of the district or borough is confided, are also to elect mem:; hers to serve in a house of representatives, forming one of the three estates of a provincial assembly. The whole of New Zealand is to be divided into two or more provinces, and in each of these laws will be made for the province by the House of Representatives, a Legislative Council, and the Governor, who together will constitute the provincial legislature. As there are many topics of general concern to all the inhabi tants of New Zealand, respecting . which some uni formity of legislation and administration will be indispensable, a General Assembly of the New Zealand Islands shall be holden by the Governor-General. This General Assembly is to be composed of himself and of a Legislative Council and a House of Repre sentatives ; but no one will be a member of the Legis lative Council of the General Assembly who is not also a member of one of the Legislative Councils of the Provincial Assemblies; neither will any one be a member of the House of Representatives of the General Assembly who is not a member of a Provin cial House of Representatives. The charter provides for the creation of a Gover nor-in-Chief of New Zealand, a Governor of each of the two provinces immediately to be established, and a Lieutenant-Governor for each. But for the present the same person has been appointed Governor-in chief and Governor of either province; and one other person Lieutenant-Governor of either. To the Go vernor-in-Chief it belongs exclusively to correspond directly with the Secretary of State for the Colonies, and exercise over the Lieutenant-Governor the same authority and control that the Secretary of State exercises over him. The Governor-in-Chief is to fix his own place of residence, according to his own estimate of the greater or less demand for his pre sence in one or the other province. In legislating for New Zealand, the home govern ment have been mindful of the extreme liability to error to which all are exposed when acting in reference to a state of things so remote from their observation and from their own personal experience in the busi ness of civil administration. They have, therefore, studiously provided that the adaptation of the act of parliament and charter should be transferable to those who can bring the greatest amount of local knowledge and the best opportunities of ascertaining the state of public opinion among the colonists, to the discharge of that duty. The New Zealand Act authorised her Majesty to delegate to the Governor-General the filling up of all the various details of the scheme, the broad outlines of which alone were drawn by parliament. Her Majesty, by the advice of her present coun cillors, has gone still further, and virtually placed in the hands of the New Zealand settlers the determina tion of their future destinies. " Provision being made," says the Colonial Minister, in hie instructions to Governor GREY, " for establishing the municipal, the legislative, and the executive institutions of New Zealand,: there is a virtual accomplishment of all that is necessary for its future government. From these institutions will flow all subordinate powers, judicial, fiscal, magisterial, or of whatever other nature they may be. The respective legislatures will progressively mould these derivative organs of govern ment into such forms as the exigencies of society will require." For this reason the minister passes over in his instructions to the Governor-General zany topics of the greatest importance to the future good government of New Zealand. " Such are the administration of justice, the management of the revenue, the education of youth, and the provision to be made for public Christian worship. On these and similar questions I think it better await than to anticipate the deliberations of the legislative bodies about to be convened in New Ze,d an d,ft On two topics, however, oi vital importance, Lord GREY treats explici4 and fully in his "Instructions," though there was no place for them in the legal docu ments—what relates to the settlement of public lands, and to the aborigines of New Zealand. The Australian Land Sales Act is repealed as far as relates to lands situated in New Zealand. There are no statutory regulations on the subject; the Queen is entitled in right of her crown to any waste lands in the colony, is free to make what rules she sees fit, and has accordingly authorised the governor to alienate such lands. The crown has not admitted the absurd doctrine that a native population, never estimated so high as 200,000 souls, can have esta blished a right of property to the whole soil of islands not much less extensive than the British Wands. A right which the natives did not possess they cannot convey. As the pretensions of particular tribes to large tracts of waste land have to a certain extent been admitted by successive governors, the crown will not interfere with these arrangements; but any further surrender of the rights of the crown is to be avoided. With a view to the establishment of an equitable system of land disposal, the ownership of the land in the colony is to be ascertained ; the extent and limits of the property of individuals, corporations, or native tribes, are to be determined; the whole re mainder of the territory is to be declared royal demesne; the results of the inquiry are to be regis tered and a regular record preserved. " The power of the crown over these lands," proceeds Earl GaEY, " should never he employed for any purpose of pa tronage, influence, or favoritism ; the crown shall not be at liberty to make a gratuitous alienation of any extent of land, however small, except with a view to public works, in which the whole society have more or less immediate interest." All lands are to be dis posed of, after a careful survey, by public auction. The land revenue is to be applied, in the first place, to defray the expenses of the crown land depart ment ; the surplus is to be devoted to the introduction of manual labourers from this country, unless where the exigencies of public service may render the appli cation of it to other local purposes indispensable. With regard to the aborigines, the customs of the New Zealanders, even when repugnant to our own laws, if not at variance with the principles of humanity, are for the present to be maintained by government in all their dealings with one another. Particular districts, to be called the " aboriginal dis tricts," are to be set apart, within which such customs shall be observed. The " provincial districts" are to be entirely divided into the municipalities above mentioned. In the former, the chiefs or others, according to their usages, are to beallowedto interpret and administer their own laws ; the latter will be the seats of courts and magistrates, and of other institu tions requisite for the government of civilised men. With an increasing British population. with the advance of the natives in the arts of civilised life, and with increase of the use of the English tongue, and of mutual confidence between the races, the provincial districts will gradually extend into the aboriginal, until at length the distinction shall have entirely disappeared. Such is the outline of the liberal and equitable 1 the Sntlej, and 'a 1 Jummso and in , that, in making i iwe should have exp kind of sovereignty 4 1; \ on the contrary, b I .' sanctioned what is East,—an empire a t , address. The grand motive tary and an indep & ' , . that they are irrevc cacao from the Mal 1 they have been opf pressed in turn. 11 , the Affghans ; and, ; . their old jealousy 1 expedition against proof, not only sho foes as allies, but di the sight of Sikh an together. No circi an effect as this in of such chief 4 as I that the Mahommc , 1 1 „ aided the insurrec valley," often and 1 and sieges, never s resources. It was mere against Sikl Affghan, the Cash ri tribute, not stuff fo i li ease of EMAN-000- Doubtless it is prompted by the i ; ( the Governor of 1 recalling the Briti , 111 , i reducing the arm men. This reduc paratory to n fin 'l l i 1 which forme suet i budget. Althorn trived to raise I i 9 4 ,0001. to 27 0 , ( r '. 4 . , 1 \ 1 • THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 29, 1846 system of government about to be established in New 'Zealand. Justly confident in the comprehensive and sagacious spirit in which it has been framed, the Coinflict Minister, in his first despatch to the first Governor-General, does not shrink from calling up associations of all that is moat elevated and inspiring in the history and results of British colonisation : This scheme of municipal, legislative, and executive polity is framed with as close an adherence as circumstances would allow to the model of our Enalish institutions, an object which I regard as of the highest importance in every such design. It adhe res as nearly as practicable to that scheme of colonial policy once diffused over the greater part of the North American Continent, and still surviving in our remaining colonies there, and yet to be dis tinctly traced in the constitutions of the flourishing states now united into the great American common wealth. It provides for the local self-government of districts in a country where the di-persion of the settle- Ilida i s i s suc h z! to render any one noili,,r!re that task. But while pubic - spirit, and a Practical acquain tance with public affairs, will thus be char had in every part of New Zealand. the erection of provinces and pro vincial assemblies will, I trust, counteract the tendency which such corporate institutions must otherwise have to disunite, in interest and in feeling, the various remote dis tricts from each other. The nnrestm:ned confidence with which the impe rial government has thrown itself upon the colonists of New Zealand justifies the high and severe moral tone in which the Colonial Minister, at the close of his instructions to Governor Goer, reminds them of the "danger that the powers conferred by this great linnehise may be perverted into an instrument of oppression of the less civilised and less powerful races; and commends to their attention " the sacred duty which will be incumbent on them, of watching over the interests, protecting the persons, and, as far as may be, cultivating the minds of the aboriginal race among whom they have settled." Having enjoyed opportunities, afforded to few, of closely and minutely watching the whole progress of New Zealand settlement since the sailing of the Tory, we know that the great mass of the colonists are men who can appreciate the manly frankness of this exhor tation. We repose much confidence in the aggregate of the settlers, composed of a due mixturo of hardy yeomen and some of the best blood of England ; we repose much confidence in the judgment, promptitude, and firmness of Governor GREY, in the enthusiastic humanity of Mr. EYRE; and in Lord JOHN RUSSELL and Lord GREY WO recognise the two statesmen who more than any of their contemporaries have studied the theory and practice of colonial government. The future can never be looked to without some degree of "trembling hope;" but we are unwontedly sanguine as to the result of this great experiment in New Zealand. It is of the most vital importance to all the isles and coasts of the Pacific, over which English, American, and French enterprise are so rapidly extending the influence of civilised life. It is of the most vital importance to all our oldest colonies, whose claims to be governed in ac cordance with the principles applied to New Zealand, only so far modified as to meet the forms of social organisation already developed among them, are un questionable, and will, we have no doubt, so far as the existing administration is concerned, be unques tioned. - Abstracts of the New Zealand charter, and of the instructions under the royal sign manual and signet, which we have prepared, must, in the crowded state of our columns, stand over till to-morrow. AFFAIRS in Portugal have taken a turn unfavourable to the Queen. It has been evident now for some little time past, that the chief commanders and armies on either side, under DAs ANTAS and SALDANIIA, pretty well counterbalanced each other, and that both, not strong or bold enough to assume the offensive, were still in a position to make a sufficiently re solute defence to deter attack. In this lock or stand still of the two chief armies, the fate of the war depended on the skill and activity of the lieutenants and minor commanders. The Baron 1)E CAZAL, commanding for the Queen in the north, gained a signal success over S t DA BAN DEIRA. Had he followed this up by either marching upon Oporto and attacking it, or, crossing the Duero, leaving Oporto to itself and hastening to join SU DANIIA, in either case he might have done good service. Instead of this, he lingered and hesitated, allowed SA DA BANDEIRA to strengthen himself in Oporto, and lost his opportunity. Accounts from Oporto represent skirmishing as going on, but no fears of any bold or successful attack on the part of CAZAL. Yet the court reckoned so much upon him that they twice sent steamers to the month of the Duero to get intelligence. Meantime the Lieutenant of DAs ANTAS, BOMFIN showed much superior activity. He not only crossed the Tagus from the south, deceived and defeated the enemies especially opposed to him, so manoeuvred as to get in the rear of SALDANIIA, between him and Lisbon, and between him and the sea. The consequence has been, that the Marshal was forced to retreat. He has broken up his camp at Cartaxo, and retired to take up the old lines of Torres Vedras, if BOMFIN will allow him to do so. DAS ANTAS will no doubt follow. The two divisions of the insurgents will probably attempt to drive SALDANIIA back upon Lisbon, and a contest in such circumstances would prove decisive. Without some success of this kind, the retrograde movement of SALDANDA will strike terror in the partisans of the court at Lisbon, and give such increased boldness to its enemies, that the serious Ipopular movement, so long kept down, is likely to burst forth. At all events, the tedious war threatens now to coma to a conclusion of one kind or another. We have received the Paris journals of Sunday. The ministerial journals take decidedly opposite sides. The Debats is for the English alliance; the Frew declares it would prefer none to anything so horrible. We shall not treat our readers to this non sensical verbiage, their arguments for and against close alliance and deadly enmities, which no states man dreams of, and which exists but in the imagina tion and the columns ofjournalists. Advises were received in Paris from Athens, to the 10th instant. M. Coletti, President of the Council, had recovered from his indisposition, and resumed the duties of his office. The King had honoured him during his illness with a personal visit, and presented him with the insignia of the Order of Military Merit of Bavaria. M. Rodenbach, the charge d'afaires of Belgium, had sunk under an attack of apoplexy. Prince Oscar, of Sweden, had quitted Athens. The Madrid mails, which had accumulated and been over-due, all arrived on Saturday in Paris, bringing the letters and journals of the 18th, 19th, and 20th. The ministerial crisis had continued without any diMottement. Various reports were still in circula tion. M. Isturitz had a long private audience of the Queen, at which it was reported that he laid before her 'Majesty his reasons for desiring to resign ; but it appears that the Queen declined receiving his resignation, and required that the minister should continue in office until after the open ing of the Cortes. According to the opposition journals her Majesty gave her ministers a lec ture upon the duties of constitutional govern ments, telling them it was their duty, before abandon ing their functions, to render an account of their proceedings to the representatives of the nation. It was expected that the ministerial candidate for the presidency of the Chamber would be M. Pacheco, and the Progressist candidate General San Miguel. M. Olozaga had obtained a second return by the College of Arnedo. That deputy is waiting at Bayonne an authorisation to enter Spain. The news from Portugal, as usual, is vague. El Clamor Pnblico, of the 19th, says that the state of that country was becoming daily ' more alarming ; the Miguelites were increasing. A letter from Verin, of the 12th, states that General ( azal had arrived, on the 9th, within two miles of Oporto, and that artillery had been heard in that direction ; that the Migueites occupied Braga and Guimaraez. A Miguelite junta was formed there. The Ern del Comercio of the 18th quotes letters from Galicia, which announce the defeat of the Cabralist troops in Portugal, and that the Spanish troops had been ordered to cross the frontier. The results of nearly all the elections were known at Madrid on the 20th. About one-third of the Chamber will be divided among the Progressistas, and the other sections of the opposition. MM. ' Olozaga and Mendizabal had each obtained double returns. The ministry were engaged in preparing for the election of the presidents of the Chambers. It was thought that the Marquis do Mirailores, who was President of the Senate last year, would be op posed sequence of his tendencies towards the opposition. It seemed likely that the ministry would succeed in securing the election of M. Bravo Murillo to the presidency of the second chamber. Another candi date, however, was to be proposed, M. Castro y Orosco, by that section of the ministerial party which is devoted to Narvaez.—The Puritan candidate is M. Pacheco, and that of the Progressistas M. de San Miguel. The opposition of M. Castro y Orosco, a ministeri alist, to M. Bravo Murillo, another ministerialist, manifests the internal dissensions which revail iu the cabinet, and which must soon terminate in a minis terial modification. It is not yet certain that the cabinet will venture finally to refuse a passport to M. Olozaga, who is now at Bayonne. The Madrid mail of the 21st was due in Paris on but did not arrive 4 tile courier from ourdeaux. A serious financial crisis has declared itself at Vienna, and great anxiety was felt among the com mercial classes. A letter from that city of the 15th says that failures are impending on all sides. The limitation of credit by the national bank had begun to produce most alarming consequences. Second rate houses were every day stopping payment, both in Vienna and in the provinces. Nothing like the pre sent condition of things has been known since 1840. The bourse is deserted and business paralysed. PORTUGAL. LISBON, Drc. 20. I wrote a few hasty lines by the Se urge, war steamer, which came in suddenly from Oporto, on Thursday afternoon, and which left as suddenly at 10 o'clock the same night. All the intelligence I was able to give merely amounted to a date, up to which time nothing of importance had transpired at Cartaxo or Santarem. Saidanha is preparing to shift his head-quarters to Alcoentre (some say to Rio Mayor), where he most probably now is. The reasons for this movement are variously accounted for ; the most fea sible that have presented themselves appear to be that, being threatened in his rear by Bomfin's and Mouzinho's united form*, amounting to 3,500 regulars, the marshal has thought proper to avoid being placed between two fires, by shifting his front, and moving on a smaller circle. The last reports from the army under Das Antas represent Bomfin to have been successively at Calvas and Rona, where he was heard of last on the night of the 17th. Some young gentlemen from the Hibernia, who bad been making an excursion on horseback to Cintra, Mafra, and Torres Vedras, returned to Lisbon on the evening of the 18th, having left the latter place at two o'clock on the same day (Friday). Whilst they were yet at Torres Vedras several officers came in from Bomfin's division, and ordered rations and quarters to be provided for his force ; consequently, if this statement be correct (which I see no reason to doubt), it will be seen by a glance at the map that the projected movement of Saldanha will not have relieved him from the position which he thereby sought to escape, but that he will still be placed between the force at Santarem under Das Antas, and the one commanded by Belmfin. It is utterly impossible, however, to speculate, with any degree of probability, upon the results of any military movements that may take place. Saldanha's move ments have caused great dissatisfaction and discou ragement on the part of the Queen's government. In order to disembarrass himself from the cumbrous camp equipage and other heavy baggage which he took with him out of Lisbon, Suldanha has ordered boats to be sent up to Villa Nova for the purpose of bringing it back to the capital, and this injudicious proceeding has given rise to a belief that he is about to return within the lines ; a report which I altogether discredit at this time. It is necessary, in order to correct any unfounded views which may otherwise be based upon the reported movement of Bomfin upon Torres Vedras, (which is about twenty-seven miles from Lisbon), to observe that, although no doubt exists as to the presence of his officers, as stated on the 18th, at that place, it is very possible he may have sent them thither for the express purpose of deceiving Saldanha and of veiling the movement which he actually contemplated mak ing. In any case the shifting of Saldauha's position betrays the fact that he has been outmanceuvred, and it may now not be long before we hear of some action. The barrio, which is loud enough when such achieve ments as those at Chaves and Valenta take place, has been utterly silent with respect to an affair which occurred on the lath between Lapa and the Irregulars, commanded by Jose Bento Valdez (Bomfin's son). Schwalback still remains at St. Cbes, in command of the small division with which he marched against the guerillas who recently invested that place. This officer is said to have expressed a considerable degree of indignation at being sent to repulse a wandering predatory band of irregulars, instead of being invested with a command such as that: entrusted toCol. Fereira. Ilis complaints, however, have been met, and not un fairly, by the remark that as he did not show any disposition to attack regular troops when llomfin's division was before him,perhaps he might discover more alacrity at fighting the irregulars and guerillas. There cannot be a question that he committed a gross blun der in permitting Bomiin to cross the Tagus, and join Das Antes; and it now appears that this latter officer has outmanmuvred Fereira and Lapa, for they are both with Saldanha, as stated in my last, of the 17th instant. The accounts from Oporto represent the Baron Cazal to have been, on the 16th, at Nlatosinhos, a place on the coast, within a short distance of the Fox. The firing which was heard there was occasioned by the practice of Sada Bandeira's artillery, and not by any attack. It is conjectured that Carat, having essayed to cross the Douro, found it impracticable, and retired to his present position. Much blame is cast upon this officer for losing so much time ; it is con fidently stated in some letters which I have seen front Oporto, that if he had pushed on and made an attack on that city, he would have entered without much opposition. His delay gave time to the Junta to rouse the apathetic population into action, and by dint of a few arrests and reports of a conspiracy and con cealed arms having been discovered, the people were induced to turn out, and to place the city again in a state of efficient defence. Much, however, of this must be received with very great caution : party spirit runs so high as to induce even the most respec table and trustworty persons to warp and distort every statement until it in some sort suits their par ticular politics. Respecting the state of the south, I have little or nothing to report. The Alenetejo and the Algarves are tolerably quiet, the only symptoms of disturb ance being the occasional appearance of a wandering guerilla force. At the same time it deserves men tion that no revenue whatever is derived by the Queen's government from these provinces, the popu lations of which are strongly in favour of the revolu tionists. In the north, the 11Iiguelite movement has subsided—in all probability from want of funds :as long as the guerillas there under Macdonell and Gomez were in the field, they were regularly paid, and they are stated to have conducted themselves ' with great propriety, in so far as regards abstinence from violence and predatory acts. Iu Lisbon great activity and alacrity appear to per vade the military departments of the government. Every day bodies of volunteers and militiamen, com posed principally of the workmen, clerks, function aries in the courts of justice, and others in the pay of the state, march about the streets and proceed to the suburbs to drill and go through their exercise. In the meantime commerce is perfectly quelled, and trade is almost at a stand still. The blockade of Oporto, though nullified in a manner by the impossibility of the Por tuguese blockading ships keeping the sea, exercise* a very serious influence over the commerce of that city. The underwriters would, as a matter of course, refuse to accept of any responsibility which ships might incur by violating the blockade and putting to sea. The only . remedy for this state of thing appears to me to con sist in the shippers consenting to take the risk of dis regarding the blockade upon themselves, by a distinct clause in the policy ; for it would be unreasonable in them to expect the government of Lisbon to consent to exempt their vessels from its operation, notwithstand ing every representation that the British minister here may make of the inconvenience resulting to our com merce from the stoppage. In a recent communica tion I mentioned tho fact that a circular had been addressed, through the medium of the consulates, to British subjects here, cautioning them against taking any part in the " party struggles" now going on in Portugal. It would appearthat this wholesome caution and highly prudential advice has been altogether lost on more than one of our fellow-countrymen, and I have no scruple whatever in asserting, upon my own know ledge, that a functionary of the British government ~ i ral o l f etter of the prel e ' t hire, whose duties are strictly commercial and in no of the n in n tAguelo i f ia ttf o ia, v i l e, that the council °Nate of t o ee ff?ci ° a t ting, per interim , ln the a on t ie o bishop of Milan, to he circulated * throu d i e lo de t et r i m Al eS counteract the excellent intentions of his superior; ordering public prayer,. in favor of the Segisso g f I: '' -- " ei ,„ , has s e d n ot p h a e rt s i i z ta a t n ed sh i t p o , and, by this proceeding, the person to whom I refer L''EUttle. Ausia has threatened the cantons of t the ,c t , ---e reavirntt diplomatic, d lom u a n ti d4 m ns an w ife ll t il su z eh to has not only in a very great measure thwarted the and Tessin to t p rohibitp , the subjecte of those cantons ' t ! te . f m — a. policy which it appears our government has decided authorisedyllfne.:74l.oylnt ln_ y,. the tobranediatioinf t . ! . ey f furnished trestlO-t; upon pursuing during the present struggle, but has ` against the league of Lucerne. The gov el e 'c-c i "P"` " nw t 4 encouraged others to manifest such opinions, and to has just expel', d a political refugee from its inen.ir,ey, or Zwid i commit such overt acts, as will, in the event of individu ,1, a Prussian, named Heinzen, hadeelettrtc"4l'em's,,b., Das Antas's success, deprive them very justly of out to the ohoattentin of the Swise authorities by thz: g ßY -,,,..." the protection of their own flag. Were I not per- gonvernti Germany 7, as an vir th publishe at Zurich Ind spe4` sonally cognisant of the truth of what I here state 1 " 1 n _g " The German Tribu m nals.'' og ;Te d trxi 'i o e fil a '''''''' entwel should abstain from all reference to the subject; bat nounced against him gas, that ho had viougdjtuhdegtuent pro. '''nditi under the actual eirva'..".;:auces of the county) ; ',?fwM i under which isolitial refugees obtain a I'- , ,I c ' e4 ff slltel, i s it right to make the allusions which I have one. It 1 Switzerland. is hardly to be credited to what a n extent party feel- GERMANY. AUSTRIA. STORMS. Sto rm ing rages amongst certain classes here. If it were i weather seems to prevail everywhere. Aleut'. fr om El s, the Portuguese themselves who entered violently into I te i n tn fu e r . t , , ed o a f n t u h: inn Ot s h b i l li ,,n _.. i'' k ..enuthiaj, says: Ye.teed a y the contest of words respecting the existing state of of the year. Whilst o a m m e w non w , as rai t a . st „ u n au i ral at thisseas e P things there would be little to wonder at: the marvel storm of thunder and lightning burst ove r ; th eg e t t u' e 4 terrible is to see them utterly apathetic on the subject, whilst I the greatest cousternation. It was accompaniedulsPaealtZ foreigners and aliens alone express their sentiments lof earthquake. Similar thunderstorm, have be,• with the utmost asperity, sparing neither abuse nor in France and Ittalt A litter from Angers, of th,"27dit t. similar storm over that city , the sten; threats in denouncing the acts and opinions of the was equally ' r il f l eit ;,1 a evert. The wind was so high Septembrist party. Loire resembled the sea more than a river, d that h,, t a ll : 'rho activity of the latter, however, does not in any parture of the steamer was delayed. It is femeil u " at' in - ~,,-: degree diminish, as may be seen in ie accompanying . accidents have taken place on the river • th . ''' ---, newspaper which they have published. All the efforts I known to have gone down. , re- beats a re of the police of the capital have failed in suppressing I CAPE DE VEItDE ISLANDS.—A these manifestations. And although the columns of ceivity th thejd it tld t osz state that these islands were antgert"ne the Spectre (the name of their new jourhal) may con- twelve to "elutes. , n its at e e ht ee tt i lr tfi Bona Vista, where t ro ; Min much doubtful matter, they afford abundant left there by the tudiatunate Eclair. evidence daily, from the fern evidence of vigour, energy, and courage, in printing BORNEO.—The .3bosftear des I under the very noses of the authorities an interdicted (Dutch newspaper) has published a • ides f trirn , ales n intereetiu • notice ef and highly inflammatory sheet. the kingdom of klangermassin (Borneo), writt .- by In a recent communication, 1 believe I referred with Van der Copellen, aide-de-camp to the governo ' . " e Behg' of some surprise to a sentiment expressed by the Duchess the Dutch host liid'a Islands. A short sumn r a g n `g ol -l a l e he of Terceira, relative tn the conditions upon which the di t v l d res e r i vo th o re ur e r d c i a t te r r e s u . t a lit t : tes rnel ; it appears, was at may Duke of Palmella recommended the release of her and Boerne . ' ;it is from the latter tha en ttZ nat assiname , Litecadmia, husband from prison. I have reason to believe that been given to the whole island. The etaetegof L . s ekk' s r....., "h1s an injustice was done to the duchess, and that her was founded by one Ampoedjatmaka, s ee of a merchant 1 -- t .1 1. most ardent wish is to see the duke released, upon Coromandel, whose family continued to . govern the soil for e the express understanding that he ii permitted to sevefirs t i l l e ian co er m at m io , o r e c , i v ai nt i ii nt l e 664, the period when the hovel proceed to England, there to abide the result of the prince was at that ' time callrgeSurultalitt it. L''' reign struggle, without taking any part in it. Moreover, een passed between him and Said. A treaty it is with much regret, though without any hesitation, which the former , however, at the ins l it t e .'d? ete , : that I mention a fact which has come to my know- the Portuguese, then the rivals of the t t 11) tel. - ledge, namely, that since the imprisonment of the did keep faithlul. These first relations wen: therefore u of Duke of Terceira, there has not been manifested T i l a o ns of importance. uncle, Said w it t l n ied nu tu t s ti d e left ,e hie eon unite, the guard. on the part of the court the slightest sympathy the throne with the title of Sultanatthilill.'" , • r w h ar.l ascended for the natural apprehensions of his wife ; distinguished for his hatred to Europeans •he L ''' 'l ut e w : but this lady has been left without even an inquiry or self with the English,who came for cargoes to Ba ' , 4g iserma. h i ' sn; a message of condolence, or expression of regret, they succeeded in expelling the Dutch from the i. , ..1.1, where during the whole of theca, anxious time that she must son y i li t ad to rece , n ai l l y i,h established themselves. The i.e.elisit then necessarily have passed since the capture and impri- brief g period es it a factory on the coast; ~ ..t after g was plundered in 1707 by toe n • sonment of her husband. H • who were acting under the orders of the Sultan. d natives P.S.—A letter, addressed by the Count Boman to inhabitants massacred. The Sultan did net 1 , ,, e ,• ' • ' survive • the one of his confidants in this city, has come under 7 this cruel act. He was succeeded by his son Sultan TehuTd, observation ; and although I accept its statements wi t u i r i t e l r e r whose at reign the Dutch East India Company renewed considerable hesitation and reserve,l cannot altogether pany obtain es ed of th e : m m m o e n ee o e i ith of lia tfir m ' ashig. Thecorn. feel justified in refusing credence to them, as they are short time later, by a P° ii . ew contract, ce :L ad' ' and ls a entirely conformable to what I have said above re- monopoly of pepper was given to them exclusive ui e vt i specting the movements of the two forces, anti, more- as permission to erect a foet at Tabeni , ,, and a over, he writes to a person to whom it is of most ttory . in the Island of Tates. In return tor these importance, next to himself, that the truth should be against his the company engaged to assist the Sultan his enemies. At the death of Tahmid, his sco, known. Tamaid, mounted the throne. His reign was disturbed Bomfin states that, on the 10th instant, Major by the rebellion of the inferior chiefs. The Sultan Bucto Valdez's force encountered the column under 1 c aimed. the assistance of this company n quell the Lapa; that the first attack was made by the guerillas insurrection, viieil and iu promisedls6 a treaty a was nedluded, in and irregulars commanded by his own son, who had lea. The rebellion w w••as quelled , . assistance both by land and the worst of it at first, and retreated to the Castle of services the company received under their rte ms's::te:4fizfonrtytiltehlz Gwent, when he himself brought up a reserve, and Provinces called Passer, Koetei, Berea, and Kott,e Wariequi e . compelled the enemy to retire with the loss of many T he Sultan died, leaving two eons, the eldest of whom, men on both sides, and on that of the Queen's forces i ta lh e m n id l by name, succeeded hint. Revolts Lying again of a field-officer killed. The subsequent movement coMparly, Whwoe ag re a p in ut down with the assistance of ces .the Dutch of Freiro and Lapa towards the main body of At last in; 1787 the company obtained gral of Dan e :r w erai, .. -1 ' at r t ' a t , o w r it '• Saldanha's force may have been occasioned by had usurped his brother's place, the sovereignty or the whole this affair, which, if not truly represented, is . i kingdom, he remaining nominally at its head, euel holding at least rraisemhlable. In fact, it accords in the main h • is on . l n • as hereditary e fi Underf t l h 'h e is a Nrince left the FaCCP,SiOD to with the statements made by Colonel Lapa respecting General Daendels, the establishment is of Tate e ( ti ve r the skirmish. With respect to Bomfin's expected doneel in 1809; but the real rights of the U.J .,. crincen n i ,appearance at Torres Vedras, I may add that a courier were not thereby given up. The Eng e.h, when from one of the authorities of that place arrived at they occupied the Dutch pooessions in India, re. ilgarden(.,zi andttle s e u i p t i e n idsesici their authority by qorernor•Geu. I eiendels as Lisbon yesterday morning, bringing information to in 1812 by •„ , wtreaties the government which precisely accords with that with the Sultan of B e nge rma sin. Finally, Is h, n Ileland which I have already stated. recovered possession of her colonies, in 1816, Borneo N ew 8 a.st.—Since I closed my despatch I have received again in he same relation to Holland as before. Poses. the following report of the movements of the Queen's Bien was therefore taken, not, however, without some oppo. army which took place yesterday. They were r i g ti m olf ( rr n t n he te ldc ija •r m br e an f c o h t of , the reigning fatn.:y. Affairs brought down by the steam-boat which left Villa Nova island by the English, unil ` t ' ife g e l leath eo;lfleetne'l,:n'gredis thee at 3 o'clock in the afternoon of Saturday, the 19th. Adam succeeded him, and is still in existence . • he is well eo " CARTAXO, Nov. 19. known for his kindness, and the favour he Mears shows to "A brigade of troops, composed of the 16th infantry the Dutch. Fresh treaties were catered lute with the and the Ist and Bth Cacadores (rifle corps), leaving princes, and amongst other stipulatioos, that of balding their knapsacks together with the heavy bagga,se, ani r , , tlitrfort at Nlarabahan was determined upon. The ran. between the prince and the Dutch are now cstatlished left this morning at three o'clock, accompanied %y on ° a ' durabl e footing. 600 cavalry. At 4 o'clock, A.M., they were followed by the remaining forces, composed of the Ist, 4th, and Bth infantry, the grenadiers of the guard, a com pany of sappers, and 8 field-pieces, besides Congieve rockets. 'Marshal Duke of Saldanha left Cartaxo himself at 7 A.M. for Aleoentre, where he was to stay for the night. Another division under General Mesquite, composed of the 9th and 14th infantry, three field-pieces, and seventy-four cavalry, started from Cartaxo for Azambuja, with orders to take up a position at Alhandra, midway between Lisbon and Santarem. The foregoing is, I believe, quite correct. I am not so sure about what follows, which is con veyed to me through the same medium. Not that I suspect intentional misinformation • but that the accounts of Das Antas's and Bowfin's movements vary according to the sources from which they come. "The forces under General Conde I)as Antes at Santarem consist of the 7th and 12th infantry, and the 2nd and 7th Cacadores. " The division of Bomfin was at Sanjermlial (near Cadaval). It consists of the 2nd and 6th, and part of the 14th and 9th infantry, the sth and 6th Cacadores, 4 field pieces, and 200 cavalry, of which about 60 are regulars. Independently of these, there are two corps of irregular troops, or guerillas, under the command of Don Jaime and Don Ferdinand of Villa Real. The Conde Nlonzinho de Albuquerque commands also under Bomfin, whose whole force amounts to 3,000 men and upwards." The position assigned to Bomfin accords very nearly to that in which he is supposed to have been according to the accounts from Torres Vedras. IL* INDIA. By the Overland Mail, we have the following from our own correspondent : BOMBAY, Nov. le. At the date of my last, Brigadier Whi tler's farce was encamped at Kullsowal on the left bank of the Chenaub river. They moved six miles down on the 21st, to a place better adapted for fording, and on the following morning crossed the river—an operation found to be anything but easy of accomplishment. Here the force was ordered to remain till further orders, keeping everything in readiness for a start at a moment's notice. On the 30th or 314 Brigadier Wheeler received instructions to advance in the direct tion of Bheembur, the pass leading into Cashmere. Sir John Littler's force* quitted Lahore on the 15th October, in progress to form a junction with that under Brigadier Wheeler. They reached Seealkett on the 21st. The country for two or three marches before reaching the fort of that name, is described u exceedingly well cultivated, with a good sprinkling of substantial villages—surpassing, if anything, any to be seen in our own provinces. The town had bees a handsome one, but was in a ruinous condition. A correspondent of the Delhi Gazette says It is a curious old place, and possesses some of the meet picturesque scenery in Upper India, resembling that of the Lihoon more than any other part. The country is es. tremely rich and productive, well wooded and watered, and ought to be a very land of promise,' were it in proper bands. The people aro exceedingly civil, and iadined to assist in every way in their power in the procuring of nip. plies, forage, &c. Grain is the only scarce grain, sad con sequently dear. The fort of Scealkote stands to the south ward of the town, and is of very ancient date, having been constituted a stronghold some seventeen or eighteen hundred years ago. Against any but scientific assailants it might offer a very fair defence." The inhabitants, chiefly 'Alghomedans, were ex tremely civil and obliging, and freely supplied our men with everything they wished tnr. Here they remained till the 26th, on which day they marched for Kala, and on the 27th reached hulloom al on the left bank of the Chenaub. Brigadier Wheeler's force was encamped on the opposite bank, a few miles lower down. The Brigadier and his staff crossed over, and were on the ground to receive Sir John Littler, who the following day paid a visit to the force on the right bank. On the 30th the General again crossed the river to inspect Brigadier Wheeler's troops: he was on this occasion attended by the whole of his staff and a number of the officers of his brigade. Sir John was highly pleased with the discipline and ap pearance of the brigade, and ordered that they should move forward the following day, the brigade sailer Co!. Iluish crossing to take up their position. Wheelers brigade accordingly broke grouna on the 31st October, which is the last account received from his camp. Huish's brigade began crossing the same day. Ths division head-quarters, 12th N. 1., sth troop Ist bri gade Horse Artillery, crossed on that day; and the 2nd company 6th battalion Foot Artillery with No. 9 light field battery attached, had crossed, and the 42nd N.I. were in the act of crossing, when an order Wse received by them to march back to Kulloowal — i t ' was supposed on Sir John Littler having received satisfactory accounts from our political agent, Colonel Lawrence, who it was reported in camp had finally adjusted the differences existing b e t w i x t Maharsis Goolaub Singh and Sheikh Emaum-ood-Been probably the insurgent chief had arrived In their camp, as a letter of the '29th bad been received in General Littler's camp from Colonel Lawrence, intimating his belief that the Sheikh would come in the following day, the 30th. Wheekr force wculd of course have received orders to halt also ; he had probably not gone further than two marches at most from the Chenaub. Should matters be thus settled, it was expected that the Julia's:bi n and Lahore brigades—Wheeler's and Iluish's—wou ld return immediately, the latter taking the route by Wuzzeerabad. The combined forces of 'f ej Singh front Lahore and Goolaub Singh from Jamoo efficted a junction on the 18th Oct., at Naoshem, on which date they were joined by Colonel Lawrence, from Lahore, Lis male. • A troop of horse and Nan, of foot artillery, a detachMe 4 t Rappers and miner, the 80th (gueer:i), 12th, 4 5 th, and 42nd and a wing of irregular cavalry, under Brigadier BELGIUM.—BaussgLs, Dac. 27. —The opponents of the treaty of commerce between Belgium and France (agreed to in July, 1842, and renewed in Dec., 1845), refer now, in justification of their hostility to it, to the recently published accounts of the exportations of the former country and of the importations of the latter. The official statistics of both kingdoms prove that, during the last few years, there has been a considerable decrease in the quantity of Belgian threads and linens imported into France; a decrease accompanied also (to make matters worse for Belgium), by a considerable reduction in the price of the above articles. There can be no doubt that the treaty with France has, on the whole, worked prejudicially for this country, the only redeeming point being that the two Flanders, the most dis tressed portions of Belgium, derive some advantage from having so near a market as France for their linens. The French journals appear to be thoroughly cognisant of the desti tution prevailing in the two Belgian provinces just referred to, and also of the moral impossibility on the put of the Belgian government, on that account, to denounce the commercial treaty in question. They have, therefore, displayed much ill-humour at the resolution of the Town Council of Brussels to raise the octroi duties on French brandies—a resolution, however, which the government has refused to ratify, through fear of offending France, although there is no sti pulation in the treaty is favour of those liquors. Some of the English residents in Belgium intend to give, on next Tuesday, a farewell dinner to Sir Hamilton Seymour, the late British minister at this Court, who has been recently appointed to a similar post at Lisbon. It is expected that the Marquis of Westmeath will preside on the occasion.—Considerable anxiety is felt by all the lovers of art respecting the condition of Rubens's celebrated "Descent from the Cross," in the Cathedral of Antwerp. According to the recently-expressed opinion of the director of the Museum at Berlin, the painting will be entirely spoilt in a year's time, unless it be restored. It appears that a portion of the colouring is almost falling from the canvass. —The Bru-sels papers of this day announce the sudden death at Athens, on the 9th inst., of M. Rodenbacb, the Belgian Charge; d'Affaires at that court.—The .Voniteur of this morning publishes a royal decree, dated Paris, Dec. 24, sanctioning the budget of the public debt for the year 1847. It is fixed at 31,625,337 f. 68e. SIVITZEItLAND.—BERNE.—The new federal directory of Switzerland will enter on its duties under ill boding auspices. In presence of an immense deficit, which it will be necessary to cover, at least in part, by an extra tax on property, the government will have to set to work witk the greatest prudence and skill to weather the storm which is gathering. The scourge of famine and the rapid strides of poverty, amongst a people formerly so flourishing, have come to add to the elements of disorder already stamped on the country by the contentions of political factions. The English legation is still at Berne. This fact is regarded as an anticipated protestation against any attempt of inter ference on the part of the other powers, although in two or three circumstances lately the British ambu. sailor has given proofs of discontent to the authorities of Berne fur causes purely of a personal nature, and has threatened more than once to transfer his residence to Zurich. The Radical press in Switzerland evinces great anxiety at what is taking place in the canton of Tesain. Austria, it seems, is striving hard to separate that canton from the radical party. A fact which testifies to the moues P Ol f 0%1 of ful Id 0( t tants and proc( place rearl point Intel ood-i Gool chief aS the altr of zar by twi by Go vin pr re wl TI