The Express. — London, England, 1862-04-10 00:00:00

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UNTIL the beginning of last February, it yes the inaction of the American army which their Tory critics thought so very amusing. Whole columns of wit were expended upon their failure to move. The small amount of slaughter caused by such prodigious hosts of combatants fairly convulsed the club*. The Times twitted the North in that style of delightful banter which, as is well known, all foreign nations find exceed ingly soothing—upon the change from " the laud "of performance" to " the land of promise," which the United States had undergone. And the best of the joke was that the Northern armies could not move if they would ; and if they could, it were better they should not, inasmuch as they would certainly be beaten if they did. If they had a I.l:ceiv or a Casuioaer to command their cavalry, or an Mart to be their quarter master-general, and make roads for their advance in Virginia upon the model of the famous cause way from Balailava to Sapoune, they might possibly achieve something ; as it was their case was hopeless, and the only thing that in the least marred the fun was that their misfor- ' tunes partook in some degree of the nature of • judgment. M'Ctattaiv was held to have stuck in the mud, and his troops to be badly organised, in virtue of a providential arrangement designed to expose " democracy " to the scorn of mankind. Since the Northern armies have begun to more, and have moved with unbroken success, the sounds of merriment have suddenly ceased. The Tory mind is no longer amused by American inaction. It is now horrified by American bloodthirstiness, Ame-ican love of victory. Thatthe Northern people, after having flung the savings of half a century of peaceful industry into the military chest, alai taken young men for the ranks from every house hold, and waited for ► long year in an agony of expectation for the fruits of this tremendous saeri fice, should shout for joy when battles are won and ground is gained, is considered as evidence of sheer depravity. And there is • peculiar fitness in our reproving them for their sin, as we are famed for the saintly indifference with which we hear of the achievements of our fleets and armies, no matter in what cause or on what soil. We have, is a nation, a repugnance to fighting, on high moral grounds, which the most brilliant mili tary successes are never quite sufficient to over come, and which accounts for the chilling reception invariably accorded to our greatest sold'ers and sailors on their return from their greatest exploits. What now most distresses our Tory moralists about the recent military movements in America is the fact that they have been attended with • good deal of bloodshed—and they are, it must be ad mitted, open to that objection. The war in America is causing the loss of a great many lives, and the destruction of • good deal of property. When the Southerners occupy a position which the Northerners want to secure, and the Southerners refuse to leave it, the Federal army shoots and bay onets them,and are shot and bayoneted in their turn. If fences or houses stand in the way, they are remorselessly battered down. There is no use in denying these painful facts ; but we warn our readers against the notion which the recent homi lies in the Tinos seem intended to propagate, that it is only in America that these calamities attend on war. The Americans are as anxious as any people in the world to carry on hostilities without injury to the persons or property of the combatants. But they h►ve so far, in spite of their wonderful mechanical ingenuity, been unable to discover any means of attaining this most de sirable result. It is not the fault of the "tuthridled " democracy of the North" if these battles and marches have the same mournful results as those of aristocratic armies. And we cannot help saying that, considering that we have had ourselves many wars, and that none of them have been entirely bloodless, we are hardly in a position to hold up our hands in horror over American battle-fields. We are not aware, however, that these considera tions which we are now so zealously urging on American attention have ever hindered us from going to war whenever our interest or our honour seemed to require it. We have shed torrents of blood, now for the balance of power, now for the possession of a rock, now for the possession of an island, now to avenge an insult, and, last of all, in the case of India, for the gratification of what Ds TOCQUIMILLE called " a noble vanity." And certainly no man in England hangs his head for shame when these struggles are mentioned. And if any one is found to regret them, it is not the . . . slaughter he mourns so much u the expense. If any people in the world should look wish in dulgence at American readiness to kill and be when honour, ambition, or patriotism seem to them to exact it, assuredly it is we, for no people in the world owes a larger share of their greatness and glory to this noble infirmity than the English. And if there be one kind of blue- MIS more than another which we have at all times held in hearty detestation, it ia that very kind which our Conservatives are urging so earnestly upon the people of the Northern States—the baseness of allowing foreign loges and satirists to decide for them when to draw the sword and when to sheathe it ; when to be indignant and when to be patient. Whenever they reach such a point of degradation as to take the opinion of the Carlton Club and the Times as to when they ought to fight, they will not only act in direct opposition to the example England has always eet them, but will deserve the scorn and contempt which all foreign nations, and we our selves the foremost, shall unitedly heap upon them. . There is another feature in the late Northern victories which is causing a good deal of distress to a large number of persons of quality, and that is the strong probability which every one sees that they will put an end to that humane and gastssi institution, the " Southern Confederacy," in ridiculously short ewe of time. The latest so counts from the Richmond papers repressed that highly interesting person, Jarrissox • Dsvis, THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY as being very muck " more subdued," sod " much less imperious in hie man ner, " than he used to be. General BURNSIDE and Commodore FOOTE are evidently softening his heart, and if some unlooked-for change does not take place in his fortunes, we shall ere long have him added to the list of those pious pets of aristocratic circles who are now " testify ing" at Rome. So by way of keeping up the spirits of his admirers, the Tinus devoted itself two days ago to proving that though the North was moving it was not moving in the right direction, and "that from emit and from west, " everywhere, except only from north to south, the " invaders are victorious." The inference is then `end ly suggested that it is only a movement from north bo south that can be at all decisive. Now, in so happens that the Mississippi River used to run, as nearly as possible, from north to south, as anybody can see by a glance at the map, and the advance of General &mu's corps d'armie during the last is weeks has been in a direct line along its banks, from Mill Spring, where Zols.lcorren was killed, to hand No. 10, close to Memphis, where the Secessionists are now making a last stand, a dis tance of over 150 English miles. So that if this advance, the most rapid and most decisive that the Northern forces have made, be not from north to south, it must be that the Mississippi has changed its course within the last few weeks, and that the Times has exclusive information of the fact. We cannot help thinking that this is highly improbable, and that the Times' account of the operations is drawn from that great repertory of strategy, the imagination of the writer. It, ae well as several of our Tory oontemporarks, seems to derive a melancholy satisfaction from the fact that the Northern gunboats on the coast and in the rivers are playing a prominent part In Southern discomfiture ; and if it will afford conso lation to any friend of the Confederacy to have the fact admitted, we freely do so. But to the inference that there is something shabby or unfair in the use of the gunboats we entirely demur. The fact that the North has gunboats, and knows how to use them effectively, and that the Southern States are traversed in every direction by rivers and creeks on which gunboats can act, was at the outset of the rebellion one of the things to be taken into account in calculating the chances of its success. This superiority on water, like the superiority in arms, numbers, credit, and mechani cal skill, is one of the strongest proofs that the North is right in forbidding the dismembermestlei the nation of which it forum a part. There is nothing less worthy of admiration in crowding gun boat& up all an enemy's rivers than in obeying the great rule of the great master of war, to be sure to be strongest at the point of attack. Those who pity the South for being assailed with gunboats must feel very indignant at our using them in the advance on Pekin, and more still at our assailing the poor Tartar cavalry with Annernonn guns. And, logi cally, they should expect of the North to lay down its improved rifles, and attack the Southern hordes with flint locks, bowie-knives, sad fowling pieces. The North, however, will choose its own modes of fighting, and will use all the means which industry, ingenuity, and patriotism have placed at the d'sposal of a free people, to save half the American continent from the grasp of a bar barism which makes the degradation and robbery of millions the first article in its creed. Cbt Court. OSBORNE, Aran. 9. Her Majesty., accompanied by the Princess Alice, drove cat yesterday, attended by Lieateaant•Colonel Du Mt. The Coaster of Gainsbosough ham succeeded the Countess of Caled= u Lady-in-Waiting. Lady and Miss Bowater have left Osborne. Despatches were received yesterday at the from the Governor of Halt► ROYAL HORTICUL?U34L SOCIETY. Ywdarday was not a vary favourable day for the laden show, which formed the mooed spring ilk at these gardens, but the company wee as usual numerous and frhimable. There was en abundant exhibition of azaleas, comprising many very chore apecames, nearly the whole of which were remarkable for that profusion of blossom, delicacy of colour, sad perfection of form which fanciers prime. There was elm an extensive display of rhodociardrear, eirnarim, anrindas, hyacinths, pansies, amaryllis, sad other blossoms, appropriate to the season, all of them well worthy of a place in the society's grounds, sad which were admired the more, inasmuch era the lower arcade where they were imaged allowed mom roam for distioct clarification, and a better opportunity fat examining the merits of the several dowers than was afforded in the coofioed space of the council chamber when the previous show was held. ROYAL BOTANIC Socisrr. —At a special meeting of the Donate of the Royal Botanic Society held on Tues day, the Stit instant, Sir Walter Stubs& Bart., in the chair, a letter wee read from Sir Charles Phipps, written by direction of her Majesty the queen, suggest* that the Earl De La Warr should be elected President of the societj. His Lordship waa therefore elected to, and aocepted the office. Tag ALIZIT MRKOZIAL.--The sub-cortuoittow of the fund for raising a romaorisl to Go late Prism Consort, met yesterday at the Mansion Hoses, the Right Hon. the Leal Mayor in the chair. Mr. Ooedasn (hon. secretory) reported that the mount reesired op to that time was 44,M., of which 930 f. had bees neelved during the week. A discussion again arose upon the propriety of adopting the propositivo of Mr. Gatlin, one of the members of the com mittee, for issuing *retribution we.. The committee seemed to be of opinion that it was a ammo of raking mealy that should not be resorted So, sad the Lord Mayor said that be had done all be could to prevent the Goer mitt*n from pressing upon the poor, sad he was also of opinion that it had better not be tried ; and it was finally resolved that the ides should he abandoosel. We are pleased to learn that Lord Derby's health cautious' to improve, and that three is every prospect of We Wag able to leave town early out week. We regret to learn that the Bishop of London hie been suffering from a rheumatic attack for some days. His lordship held a large confirmation at St. Jsmres, Pad dington, and, we believe, attended a meeting at the Howe of Lords on Monday, and was fora short time is his seat in parliament. On inquiries in St. James's-square yesterday it was stated that his lordship wee not so well, sad the Lord Bishop of Worcester consequently confirmed at St. Michael'', Highgate, yesterday afternoon, for his lordship. Colonel Dickson, on Civil Service Estimates, Lissa 3, will move the reduction of the vote for the constabulary of Ireland, by the sum of .80,4211. Sir Graham Montgomery, on Friday, will ask the Secretary of State for the Homo Department whether " be is aware of the frequent pomp of homonym through several of the thoroughfare of the isenopoili, more nips cially in Groiniaoriplace sad imon-squaris ; and if he coosiden it consistent with this safety ol this public to permit of their so pariah through the &MU both day mad night." Sir Joseph Paxton will ark the Diret Commis dew of Works on Friday if there is any truth in the ro ams/ GM the traffic over the Chelsea Suspension Bridge is realdsheil by the police, on account of some defect' in the skeneenre; sad if the bridge will furnish safe accommodation for the teak arisiog from the Exhibitiou and the Royal Agricultural Show Meetly to be held in Battersea Park. We regret to hear of the death, on Monday, at Ruseall-phos, Fiteropequare, of Mr. Sidney Nelson, musical ansposer. The deceased, who died of olmilAeLY, MY Urns of age. LATN ixtraLLIGENoyL PRUSSIA. The campaign of the circulars has not been suc cessful in Prussia. Protests are springing up in all directions. That of the University of Berlin has been made public. "Placing our selves above the vicissitudes of the moment," says this protest, "we defend the political opinion which rests on a conscientious con viction, and on the free and independent expres sion of that sentiment. This independence and this liberty cannot be diminished ; it is our duty to express this conviction respectfully but reso lutely. Accordingly we pray your excellency to excuse the University from paying any heed to your rescript." A similar protest has been signed by the professional body at the University of Bonn, • the only exceptions being the professors of Roman catholic theology. RUSSIA. The Russian embassy at Paris gives out that the report of the 112 nobles of Twer who presented an address to the Emperor, praying for the abolition of their own privileges, having been transported is utterly untrue. Thirteen only of the number (jus tices of the peace recently created) are arrested, and these are to be tried by the Senate on a charge of having encouraged complaints of the peasants against their lords—a thing which they as fublic functionaries ought not, it is alleged, to have done. It is said that the Russian government will shortly promulgate a general scheme for the emancipation of the serfs on three different systems, according to the option of the parties The peasant may contract with his lord for purchasing the fee simple of the villein tenement by a given amount of labour ; 2. He may contract for the purchase by a terminable , annuity; and 3. He may make the purchase at once at a valuation, 20 per cent. of the money to be paid in cash, and 80 per cent in paper furnished by the government, and redeemable by instalments in 49 years. In a good year it is assumed that a thrifty peasant might pay off the whole. The 13 nobles arrested were, it is said, opposed to this scheme. ROME. Letters from Turin stale that a long address, signed by three cardinals, fourteen archbishops, and fifty-six Neapolitan bishops, has been pre sented to the Pope in favour of the maintenance of the temporal power. This prouunciamento is intended as a set-off against the contrary address of the inferior clergy. The subscribers to the former address declare, amongst other things, that " modern civilisation is& system purposely in vented to weaken and destroy the church of Jesus Christ." (awnsa's rusawrej PROHIBITION OF THE JUBILEE ORDERED BY THE BISHOP OF TOULOUSE. PAWS, Aran 10. The Moniteur of to-clay contains the following : "The celebration of a jubilee has been pre scribed by the Archbishop of Toulouse in com memoration of a grievous and bloody episode of our ancient religious discords. "The present legislation and the conoordat in reference to the performance of catholic worship in the public streets, all impose on the government the duty of prohibiting a ceremony which might excite division and hatred and disturb public peace- Without derogating in any way from the almost immemorial custom which sanctions the so-called procession. 'of the holy bodies,' the government has decided on interdicting all the processions or ceremonies in the streets mentioned in the pastoral of the Archbishop of Toulouse." The Emperor and Empress of the French visited the Imperial Observatory ou Toseday. Their Majesties had explained to them in the fullest detail the various improve ments introduced in the instruments, and the different operations which secure to the Observatory so eminent • rank in scienoe. A letter from the Hague of the 6th eaya "The court has returned from Anatol%lain, where the reception given to the royal family was most enthusiastic. . - An excunion of the King and t& Prinee of Orange to London for the opening of the Exhibition wee in contem plation, but the idea now appears to be abandoned." A letter from Florence mentions that, at the preparatory rifteohootlng in that city, among the persons distinguished by their skill were two young English ladies, Mir Adele Reader and Miss Bianchi:la Light. The manner in which they hit the mark excited general ad aeration. Herr Ernst's many friends will be glad to hear that late amounts from the south of Frame speak of his health as in some small degree amended, so as to enable him, without discomfort, to proosed with compaiitioes is head. A Paris letter says :—" Madame Ristori has bees on a visit to M. Mirk in his prima et Dowd, remem bering that is the days of his prosperity, the fancies banker seat her a very liberal sabsoription for one of the repro. mentetions given for her benefit. MIR, was greatly affected at this mark of gratitude, and, It is mid, was unable to Wahl from shedding teem. In the comes of conversation ►e said to the great tragedian that be was certain of being coadeemed, but that he would speak before the caw was over. The mandalons reports made at the oommencatent of the actioa have, it would appear, some foundation. Miri-s will doubtless make up his mind to speak at the last moment, if be bes aaythiog to say." Goligature mays .:--" The Tamberlik furore has mud the Itaiisaopsra Rome to suffocation on each appear saes of this performer until his departure on Sunday last. The extra representations since his arrival, about a mouth ago, have been so numerous that he hes sang four or are Maass every week, a labour which began to tell terribly upon his voice, and very much impaired the effects of his later efforts." Among the anecdotes narrated of the Jimmie aintamadors during their stay at Marseilles, it is said that they presented a cigar to each of the policemen placed at the door of their hotel to keep off the crowd. The cigars were composed of tobacco and opium, and they made the smokers quite drowsy. The nest police inspector who pond was surprised to lied his mem asleep at their poet. Major Fume', the Piedmontese officer whose pro clamation made such a noise, has arrived at Park on his way to Landes. Herr Wilhelm Steinits, the winner at the late Vienna chess tournament, has been elected to represent the Austrian clubs at the London General Congress of Clams Playas. The Federal tax bill contains 109 sections. About thirty occupations are to be licensed ; a tax is to be paid at upwards of a hundred manufactured articles. There is also to be a tax on slaughtered cattle, and on ma enads, steamboats, ferryboats, and omnibuses, end stamp duties on about thirty kinds of official sad commercial doeumeats. The iocomstar utobe 3 percent. on incomes over 1201. a year, and 5 per cent. on the income of ebeentnee not in the United States service. all national, state, sad load taxes am to be deducted from income before the latter are seamed. _ _ The American Hoe Company at Winstead, United @Wu, was 'bout to resume work in the macaw tare of sabres and bayonets. Dmiresoni OF ANIMIOAN AND CANADIAN Mane. —The Liverpool, New York, and Philadelpbia Compaq's steamer City of NOW York wee diseratthod retarder= Liverpool for New Yak with arils for the Veiled shoat BO cabin paersogers. sad a lame woo. To-day (Thursday) the Quebec and Montreal layal l AMIs Bohemian will leave the Mersey for Pertlmod with the Oa. nrdlae sad United &atm mails. The Onnard Ronal Mal steamer Penis will mil from Liverpool ter New York ea Bsturdsz with mails for British North America, "limited Beata, Haatams, sad Havauuah. EVENING, APRIL 10a 1862. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. IRON SHIPS AND ORDNANCE. , STARTLING -THE CARE • • (no* WO OWN r.) PARIB. WEDIIZSDAT Eviimia. The late reduction of the army to the extent of 32,000 men was obtained with great difficulty, and, as I am given to understand, not without a threat of resignation by M. Fould. Some people suppose that court secrets are so high and mighty in their nature that they never can be known to common men—except, indeed, after the lapse of a great many years, when the publication of the memoirs of a minister or a mistress reveals to the world the The Times of this morning gives the results of some experiments tried at Shoeburyness on Tuesday after noon, which ►ppear to falsify the deductions which bad been made from the recent engagement between the Mar riimac and the Monitor. Sir William Armstrong it seems has made a 300 pounder on his own principle of wrought iron coils. This gun is about 14 feet in length, its weight is 12 tons, and its diameter at the muzzle 101 inches. It hu not been rifled, and therefore during the experiments of Tuesday it only threw round solid shot of 1561 b. weight. If rifled for the Armstrong shot, which is about two and a half times the length of its diameter, it would be a 300-pounder. This gun, unrifled and with plain solid shot, was tried against the great champion of heavy weights which has hitherto come off victorious in all encounters—the perplexities and weaknesses of sovereigns. Modern experience, however, proves that few state secrets rd any importance are very well kept. Ministers will talk among themselves and to their secretaries and intimate friends, and as a story runs it soon comes to be forgotten that it was to "go no further." I have just heard the following story, for the absolute truth of which it is in the nature of things impossible to vouch for, but which, nevertheless, I believe. It is well known that the choice of the budget committee indicates a very strong feeling on the part of the Corps Legislatif against the proposed salt and sugar taxes, and a determination to press the government to make such reductions in the expenditure as may enable K Fould to dispense with them. M. Schneider, a vice-president of the chamber, who is the presi dent of the budget committee, proposed to demand an audience of the Emperor, to entreat him to re nounce these taxes, and as the only means of doing so to reduce the army considerably. K Fould, hearing of IL Schneidees intention, told the Em peror that it was most des;mble to take the wind out of his sails by reducing the army at once, and thus avoiding a delicate discussion. The minister asked for a reduction of 60,000 men, and remindod his Majesty that some such measure of economy was as good as promised when he took office in November last. To this the Emperor replied that he had then hoped that the affairs of Rome would take • better turn, but as things stood he did not see the possibility of reducing his army. It was at this point of the conversa tion that M. Fould hinted at resignation. The , Emperor at once said that he could not spars him, and after a few moments' reflection offered by way of compromise to dismiss 30,030 men. K Fould consented to remain in office with that concession, but rejoined that it was not enough to enable him give up a single franc of his budget, because the Mexican expedition was turning out much more costly than had been anticipated. Thus the matter stands. M. Schneider will very likely seek his audience after all, for the salt and sugar duties still remain a great stumbling-block. The deputies wish to serve and oblige the Emperor, but many of them doubt even his power to get them re-elected if they vote those obnoxious taxes. redoubtable Warrior target. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, the Duke of Saner set, the Duke of Sutherland, Lard Clarence Paget, Admiral Grey, Commodore Drummond, Captain Sir J. D. Hay, Captain • Hewlett, Captain Yelverton, ?dr. Fairbaira, eeo., Mr. laird, Mr. Sammie, Sir William Ann ' strong, and other noblemen and gentlemen connected with the War-office and Admiralty, or interested in the nooses of artillery or iron ships, were present ; 'though, on the whole, the attendance was small, and the experiments were conducted with unusual privacy. The great introit _ _ . . . . . - was concentrated on the effect of the first shot. With the high speed which oar Warriors are known to possess, and therefore the quickness with which they can steam past batteries or iron ships, It was reasoned that it was next to impowible in • running fight that they could be hit twice in the same place. If the target kept out one shot, there was every hope of a ship keeping out aIL The fist shot, • 16fipounder, was fired with • charge of 401 b. of powder, at • distance of 200 yards. This solved all doubts. With an 'associable crash that mingled fearfully with the report of the gun, the spot struck upon • comparatively uninjured plate, shat tering the iron mass before it into little crumbs of metal, splintering the teak into fibres literally as smell as pins, and, though not Fusing quite through the side, yet bulging and rending the inner skin of the ship in a way that would have rendered it almost impassible to stop the leakage. The se cond shot (still with • 40th. charge) struck close by the side of the first, making the previous damage tenfold worse, if possible. To those who did not actually see the experi ment it would be difficult to describe the manner in which the iron opposite the alas was broken into minute frag ments like gleam ; how the teak was 13 utterly disiategrated that it more resembled tangles of fine twine then ems the remains of woodwork ; and how, above all, the inner iron skin: was ripped into gaps like torn paper. These two shots were " quite conclusive as to the paw of the gun. Had they struck an iron frigate at the water line, no means could have prevented her from sink ing in half an hour." Still, however, the shot bad not gone completely through the side, which it was the great objects of the experiments to accomplish. The charge of powder was, therefore, increased from 401 b. to 601 b., and the gun levelled at the uppermost plate of the target, which had been left untouched in previous tests. On this plate a white spot was painted to guide the artillerymen, and so true was their aim—so exactly was the centre of the mark struck—that every vestige of the point was obliterated. With this increased charge the shot paned, not only through armour piste, and Jena skin, but buried itself in the massive timbers that support the target, and even lessened the blacks el peas by what the whole is beaked up. Had it been the side of the Warrior 'gaud which this missile was directed, it would not only have gone , through the side, but nearly through the opposite side as well. Another white mark was then made on the lowest Although private marriages are, as a general rule, impossible in France ' owing to the stringent provisions of the code with regard to the publica tion of banns, I am enabled to announce a marriage of some importance which, for reasons with which I am too imperfectly acquainted to speak of, was celebrated several days ago, and has somehow °el other been kept from the knowledge of the public. Captain Montauban, the son of Count Palikao) Aim hereditary dotation remains still in nubibua, owing to the extraordinary obstinacy of the Corps L.gialatif, was lately married at the church of St.' Bulpice to a daughter of M. Hanemann, the pre fect of the Seine. The church doors were closed during the ceremony, and means have been found to make the newspapers understand that for their own safety this particular marriage must be struck out of the lists which they daily publish. The Archbishop of Toulouse, Mgr. Julien- Florian-Felix Despres—the prelate whose inten tion to celebrate the massaere of 4,000 protestant. by a jubilee is now the theme of universal indig nation in France—has publicly announced his inten tion to go to Rome—the Emperor's prohibition notwithstanding, and hie circular letter plainly indicates that not the canonisation of the Japan martyrs, but the glorification of the Pope's temporal power, is the object of his journey. Allthe bishops ' who are going to Rome have given notice of their intentions to the Minister of Public Worship, but have not thought it worth while to ask his per miasion. It would seem at present that the Em peror connives at the contempt of the injunction which he thought fit to publish in the Moniteur a short time ago. There has been little change at the Bourse. The Bente fell 10c. for cash, closing at 69fr. 800., and left off for account at yesterday's price, 69fr. 900. Mobilier rose 2fr. 500., and the Italian Loan 15c. Railways were firm ; Orleans rose 10fr. (thus re covering partially the fall of the last few days), Lyons, 7fr. 500. ; Western, sfr. ; and the other lines from 2fr. to Mr. A critic in the Opinion Nationale thus modestly and cleverly declines the responsibility of pro nouncing any positive judgment upon the merits or demerits of M. Victor Hugo's new, and already famous, work, " Les Misdrables :" • • • And new, after this analysis, it is, I suppose, my duty to put my foot upon these two volumes, and making myself taller by all their height, to say, in .nests of authority, whether Victor Hugo has successfully com bined art with morality, and in what measure ; 'beam probability is sufficiently kept in view, whether the ammo ten are human, whether the language is not strained, who. tber it is • book which a mother can give her daughter to sod, whether all the rules taught by tradition and our cies. steel models have been duly observed, whether the author's bate is always irreproachable, whether he is a materialist or a spiritualist, a pagan or a Christian ; whether he sup ports the principle of liberty or the principle of authority, for how many reasons, seven, eight, or nice, the work is or is not fins, and to what class of the beaut , te it belongs ; and, in short, to sot, by virtue of my rank of critic, sal a literary registrar of births, and reoord for the information of posterity whether this bantling is born living or dead. But I at not do this. I will not do it, in the first place, because out of the ten volumes of which the work is to consist, only the first two have appeared. I will not do it, because I believe Victor Hugo to be one of those 'rattan who have their contem poraries for witnesses, but posterity alone for their judge. I will not do it, bemuse, HI were at the foot of Montßlanc seeing the mountain for the first time, I should be thinking of other things than maiming the height of it with my umbrella. plate of the target, and again the artillerymen hit it with the same marvellous precision and with the same result The shot went through everything, and " even the toadied believers in the invulnerability of our present ironsides were obliged to teem that spinet such artillery, at such tangs, theft plates and sides were almost as penetrable as wooden ships are sow to the plain old-fashioned bag i's. Of course after such decisive result+, no further experhsenes were tried ; indeed, they could not be, as the 156potrader evidently thought it bad done enough work for the day, and at the last discharge recoiled so much as to get off its wooden platform and imbed the hind wheels of its carriage in the stiff yet watery clay, for the production of which in the :argent quantities at the shortest notice Shoeburyness stands unrivalled. But quite enough had been accomplished, and Admiralty officials and armour shipbuilders could only admit to each other in a kind of confidential dismay, that artillery had at last proved too much for them, and that if invulnerable ship. were to be esestructed they must begin de novo. It was clear to all tied the Warrior would not stand the hied elms* against the new gun, even unrifled. • • We Iwo mei* reached the limit* of the thickness of iron plates which ma-going vessels can carry with safety. There la precticeily no limit to the size of the coiled wrought-iron gam. Today a 156-pounder wins—a month hence and the name gun will be a tided 300-ponsder, lied a 600-pounder may be ready before Midsummer ; but with thicker than nix-inch armour plates no sea-going vessel ma be coated. The Americans are now making two wrooplit-iroo guns, unrifled, each to throw In eleven-hundred pound shot. When we got such results with a plain 156-pounder, what may aot the Federah expect to accomplish with gigantic ordnance of this desoriptaon ? Armour plaice a foot thick would be destroyed by the blow of a wrought-iron eleven hundred pound shot fired at short range." Sir W. G. Armstrong, writing on the relative manta of tided and smooth guns, says, both theory and practice show that the battering effect at close quarters is pretty per* proportionate to the quantity a powder mot, and that very little is either gained or lost by rifling the gun or ramming the weight of the projectile. These observa tions, however, apply only to very short ranges. The spherical shot, meeting with greater atmospheric ordinance in Metros to its weight, loses velocity so mach more rapidly than the elongated shot, that at the distance of only 670 yards the two projectile* move with aqua veloci ties. Harm, at that point, the force of the 1101 b. shot will exceed that of the 681 b. shot in the pro =the weight, or as 110 to 68. As the distanos the superiority of the heavier shot is further aug mented, and at 2,509 yards the rifted projectile strikes with fully four times' the effect of the 68-pounder. shot. The rifled gun has also enormous superiority over the smooth bore in the destructive effect of its shells. "I can see bat little advantage in the smooth-bore over the Mad gun, unless it be that the spherical projectile, being lighter, is more readily bandied, and that the gun itself, not being subjected to the excessive strain incident to the use of elongated projectiles, can be more easily constructed." Judging the American ordnance by the results of the late naval conflict, we moat conclude that it is inferior in penetrating effect to ours, for defensive structures closely resembling those applied to the Merrimac and Monitor, both in thickness and construction, have, in obi at Shoeburyness, readily yielded to the fire both of 68-pounds and 110-pounder guns. " Yet," writes Sir William, " though I consider our 110. pounder, weighing 81 cwt., to be amply sufficient for firing shells, it must be conceded that neither it nor the 68- pouoder smooth-bon, weighing WS cwt., nor any other gun as yet in the service Mikis or other countries, is sullloieotly powerful to operate with effect 'picot ships protected like the Warrior. It is not by piercing small clean-cut holes with steel shot that we can hope to destroy or ilia , able such a ship. To act with proper effect, we must knock large holes in the side, and render the interior 1 tin from splinters. We now know that a gun of 12 has weight, fired with a charge of Stine. of powder, will bleak through the side of the Warrior, the strongest ship afloat. Against suco a gun the extemporised Monitor and Millinffie would be little better than timber shiclr the eandien shot, in passing through the armour, tale a thismand pieces, and would act like shrapnel on the seem within. But we must be prepared for vowels g than these—stronger even than the Warrior, and st le Z e , r therefore, go on increasiog the size of our guns until we reach some practical limit. The weight of such guns, however objectionable, must be accepted as a necensity, and ships must be adapted for their reception. The mechanical problem of working monster guns at sea seems already well nigh solved by Captain Cole's method ; but if di ffi culties yet remain, we may rest assured that they are of a nature to be overcome by engineering skilL" The War-office order (relative to the exposition of articles of industry and talent from Woolwich Arsenal, manufactured for the Great Exhibition), which has at sundry times been issued, recalled, and modified, has It is understood that the Admiralty on Tuesday Mem been received es at bet issued, permitting the whole contracted with Mears. &muds, for the construction of one of the articles prepaid to be exhibited without reser- of the cupola iron ships-of-war, under the invention of vation, including the bowleg and rifling instruments, the C ow p er of which the Monitor b an unfinished sections of the Armstrong guns, &c. A device imperfect imitation. The price is to be 441. 15a per tan, war yesterday nut in wood. tanned " b'nni wood," the including everything, mad the vessel is to be ready far hardest species used is the carrier, Istablishinent, to launching on the sled of February next, and to be delivered demonstrate the capabilities of live band oe oodles* saw. fit for sea on tie Li of June following. , -- --- It represents in am Own the rose, shamrock, and thistle, Two days' discussion in the Dublin corporation surmounted by the crown, and underneath me the words, on the claims el Dr. Cullen's University to a charter "IEO7I I Centel* Department, Woolwich Mersa*" It resulted on Tomday in a division of the town commell, Mow. will be forwarded to the Exhibition. ing twenty-sight in favour of an appeal to government and Messrs. W. S. Uncial", and Co. have placed the t ee ee th e ether aids. Of the m o r ay g ear were pro. Iron screw eteemsaipTyasmouth,of 1 , 650 to", on the berth testants who have always supported the liberal party. It ha the Rebelehle of British f:ielumbte, to an from the was noticed with Nome surprise by the premotere of the keen Docks ca the Mth of next month. movement that the yo to[ Ireland Roman catholic members Io January Ist the Federal government had ex- of the corporation absented themselves hem the division, pended four millions sterling in the parches. of Smarm% though present at the greater part of the diecandon. ALLEGED DEATH OF A MOTHER THROUGH ma INHUMANITY OF HER DAUGHTER. INQUEST-(THDi DAY). This morning an inquiry was held at the J.tcub'n Ladder Tavern, New laniard, Shoreditch, by Mr. John Humphreys, the Middlesex coroner, touching the deatlint Mrs. Nary Evans, aged 71. The first witness called was David Evans, 21, Nellina. street, son of the deceased, who raid that she was the widow of a respectable cowkeeper, but had, sue bar husband's death, been in very reduced circumstenos. She wee obliged to carry out milk to sell, and wee often in want. She resided with her daughter, who Slued 11.1. dreadfully. Witness had himself frequently seen ins skier beat her savagely, and he would rather not state what he had heard she had done to her. Catherine Anne i;aunwidL-Deemaed lived with me and she had been ailing some time pest, Last Thursday she said she was unable to go out with the milk, and she stavt4 at horns. The next morning I accompanied her whit. she took round the cans as anal. In Bath.street, she let tho cane fall and spilt_ a lot of the milk. She fall herself directly afterwards. I bad to dreg her sod the milk cans home ss well se I Gould, and ehe died that night. By the Coroasr—l got no doctor for her. I did not knock her down in the street for spilling the milk. I was drank that day, I know. Don't think I upset the milk; myself, 'Millen knocked her over for letting it fall. I was so drunk that day and the next that I did not know m mother was dead. I was not aware that I was hugg ing • coves for two days instead of • living body. (.feu. Nation.) That was no sin, I hope. At all events 1 can't be banged for that. I always did my duty by her, but I had net much mesas, so I could not let her live as she liked. Dr. Durcheu mid that on Friday last he was informed that dialoged was dying, and he went and found her evidently suffering from the effects of great hardship. He seat had some remedies, but it was said that her daughter world not allow Diets to be taken. Hs made a post mortem et. amination and toned all the vessels congested, but no meets of violence to account for death; there were, however, sire of great privation. The immediate cause of death Was as effusion into the periosrdinm, which exhaustion and want of the necessaries of life would tend to produce. The Coroner having summed up, The Jury returned a verdict in acoordance with the met. cal testimony, and expressed their indignation at the on. natural and unfeeling conduct of eleseessd's daughter. WEATHER REPORT.-(THIS DAY.) 7110111 DIS, Arian. S 1.7 L L L IL D. 1. D. Luse .... 10.24 41 46 N.W. 1 9 in - liansum 60 VI 6. 1 9 X 60.11 46 43 9. 1 6 • - Boursu 10.11 U 46 N.N.B. 1 T e Aueosaaa U N N.ll. 1 1 b Pcsnoon..- $0.16 4T N L 1 2 b - NALWAT 18.12 UM L 01 b, maw ? auks 46 46 N.& 6 6 •I - 6eauourog lO.ll 46 42 ILN.I. II 7 • - InleoLuD KU 46 4$ I. 6 1 b - 189mvou truerown 110.16 U U N.N.L 6 4 b - TAINGVIN 91911 - 418 46 LI - 1.1. - 4 - - 0 taws. 10.91 41 66 N.N.L. 6 1* 167 DOVii WOG ,49 IA W. 1 14r O.S 909214409211„ WM 41 44 &NIL 6 * •Om P 9226422..- UM 46 42 K.W. 1 20 G.* Pumas Mira= - JO/IT - /MAT. N. Brltele.—W. ee W. end E., moderate, some torZ7mode . rate, variable Sae. Central.—NA to &LE, mode rate to Iltht t age. Coq.— .E to &Z. and SATURDAY. W. AO X. Sad S., nedirste. Z.N.Z. to B.E. end 8., moderate. to 8., moderate, or light, IL to 8. and 8.8. W., moderate. 8., trash to moderate. S. Kngtand.—Varlabla, N.Z. to E. to 8. and S.W., moderate. 8.2. and to &8.W., beat to moderate. corrected te B.—Baromer corrected reibmod to - level : met 10 feet, of MIK easing about - oubbulatOtala of an inch diminution ; each 10 deg., above IS deg., auxin I three-hundredths Memos. I.—Loosed tharamonister in shade. IL—Moistened ball (for evaporation and dm point). D.—Direction of wind (true—two points bit M last untie). F.—Toros (1 to 19,—aittinated). G.—Cloud (1 to 9), I.— b, blue t 4. o, doe& laetacbed); f, 10I; b, ball lightning ; m. relay (haq) ; o, overcast (del) ; r, rein ; e. snow, t, thunder. ,R. rabbis% or mow, or hall, dace MA report, le inches and decimal& ft —ties.disturbanoe (1 to 9). Z.—Calm. ateasa? .!% The Rev. W. J. R. Bennett bag lately declined, stye the Sherborm Awned. to loin the Frame Church Dehisce Amaciation, biomes it upholds church rates. Some of the Suffolk farmers are violently opposed to Mr. Gladstone's brewing licensee. Mr. Samuel Jones, Chriahall Grange, brewing 60 quarters of malt yearly, hat put himself forward in a determined attitude of resistance, declaring, in an address to the farmers :—" I know not what may be your feelings generally on the subject, but to my own pert I will nut take out such a license, and will yd continue to brew my own peodnee as heretofore. Let then fine, Baptism, do what they may, I will brew and not take out a Swam ; sod I think I know your feelings well enough to say that yen will all act in the same manner. And I mil also maintain that a more loyal class does not exist ; but ere will not submit to this act of oppression." The following proclamation appears in the Dublin Garotte :—" Whereas it has been represented to ate Lord-Lieutenant that between the hours of 2 and 3 o'clock p.m., on the 31st of March last, Lieut.-Colonel Willem Knox was stopped on the public road near the saw barrack at Templemore, in the barony of Mioprty sal county of 'lipperary, by two men at present unknown, by one of whom he was fired at and wounded. His excellency, for the better apprehending and bringing to justice the perpetrators of this outrage, is pleased hereby to offers reward of 1001. to any person or persons who shall, within six months from the date hereof, give such information si shall lead to the anted of the person or perms who con. nutted the same." THE SPEW S'S PARLIAMENTARY DINNIOL—The Right /ion. the Speaker gave his ninth and last whew tary full-drem diner this session, last arming, to the fob lowing :—Vbsount Holmeedale, Viscount Pe , Lord A. Churchill, Lord G. Cavendish, Lord Forney, lad L Hill, Hon. A. Kinnaird, Hoe. A. Egerton, Hoe. W. Ha' son, Hoe. General Lindsay, lion. Colonel Maxwell, Hoe. f. Wyndham, Sir J. W. Hey, Mr. Hubberd, Mr. Goddard, Mr. liumberston, Captain Jervis, Mr. Katsina, Mr. d. KlegLike, Ur. Mainwaring, Vs. P. O'Brien, Mr. nbeflei Mr. Salt, Mr. Somes, Sir H. Sheeny, Mr. A. Stettin , Gemmel Upton, Mr. Vaneittart, H. B. %wont Mr. Wieldsim, Mr. Merry, Mr. Thampeoe Yr. Thereat Mr. Wilvey, Mr. Hartopp, Mr. Seely, Mr. Pates, Mr. , A. Dnison, Fag., secretary, and Rev. H. Driuy. The f were unavoidably prevented from be sent :—Mr. unt, Yr. Maguire, Mr. Moody, SV H S . FSeg Mr. 0. Morgan, Mr. Sir IL Lopes, Mr. y, Mr. on.. Lanigan,ll G. Heathoote, Major Edwards, and 11r. F. Hums. Marisa= Cowman HoserraL. —We are re• quoted to state that the rum of 1,304/. mentioned in yeti! day's paper as the result of the collection at the dinner m aid of this charity, was the amount of the treasurer's first announcement ; that before the Duke of Argyll left the chair the subscriptions had reached 2,2111., including donation of 300 gainers seat to Mr. Marshall for the kepis! by the North Loudon Railway Company. Other coati* lions, besides those "pacified in our impiewdon of yoga**, were :-1001. by Mr. John Pemberton Heywood, 1= Mr. Frederick D. Goldamid, 6W. by the Merl of 501. each from Mr. John Richmond Jaffrey, and Mr. AR gus W. Jaffrey, for the general purposes of the Hospital, b' sides the gift of 2501. by the latter for special puree"' From our report of yesterday it will be men that the &snail has great need */ still further aid. Tan IRISH CATHOLIC UNIVERRITY.—The corpora' tion of Dublin were on Monday and Tuesday aimed II the consideration of a motion by Alderman D'Arcy, to tbeeffed that as the catholic' of Ireland are anxious to extend tbe advantage of education in the highest branches, that that view have at great expense established the Cathela University, which already hoe a large number of metrics• lated and non-matriculated students, it is the duty of the government, which profanes • desire for the promotion of tiret-class education, to encourage and facilitate this great e tti °l6° ll4Thr l y. eff lir t r. D' bi Anw irrie also tiag propoil ach rd t4 that r th the th ooMe e Ca ree ti l ec should memorialise the government to grant • charter to this university. These resolutions were, after a long d isco. mos,_carried by a Urge majority. WHITIMOTIIIK IN hixtsri —A correepondent of the Freeman's Journal writing from Dungloe, Duoeelli April 5, mays :—" On the morning of the 3rd met * large party of about 60 men, with white shirts over their clothe*/ west to the house cff Mr. William Neon, of Burtinneete smashed in hie door, and threatened him if he did not lower the prices he was charging for potatoes in the district. They then went away, firing shots. The same party shortly after visited the house of John Devaney, a farmer, sad threatened him if he charged morethan a ce rtain sum per ton for bay, when they also left, thing shots de they were proceeding along the road they were met by a small party of police, who oluillenged them to ear render, rushed into the midst of them, and arrested two of the party; the remainder fled in all directions. OM of the pationsts is of Sub-debatable Martin we ds delpellie Ino away, and, with a loaded "FMB gave agessalwesn on the head to the constable, who Clad Use emtitesee, when one of his comrades had to let his prtioner go to render Martin aid, or he might hoe been murdered. They then secured him, and. having fired eau slime, they were joined by a second patrol, when search was Mai ill MPS ef lpi tt es tarty, without success ; bat s everal mails SIMS cridl shifts were found in the fief ell im e* party threw o ff . The stinted coodact of Ir e are b deserving of reward. The pewee° few further inquiry on the 15th, ma. The H is is in danger from the alpines be smeteedl."