The Express. — London, England, 1867-10-18 00:00:00

LIFEBOAT SERVICES.—During the storms Id the present year the \ mimed Lifcisest institution has Contributed to the saving of iliY Wes from curious shipwreck. and emmois from .lestructli.u. The lied itiition also expend...l .) II! trio chine period on its Lifeboat Lstablisliments, in addition t...4r3roting t o t reword& The Conimittoe of tile institution ...meetly appeal to the public for enable mum to meet the continued hoary demands their 1.3 Lifeboat Lstaidislimmitu c...iltrihutloiel will he ihritlFuliyfeeviveTtilii; " London and eiditr3 bankers, and hy the :lteretary. Iti‘h4rd Lewis, Fig., at the Imitltutloa, 14, Joluesteeet„ Adelphi, London. PLANTS and BIILBS.—Mr. STEVENS' SALES of Dl'Tt'll Itt'Llts ' !Tuft Trees, hoses, awl hardy Shrubs Will take place every EDS. LIDA V and SNI RD 11i, and fre quently %I hiy. at the Auctiowroonts. 34. King street, l'oreut.garden, laoston.--eatalogues on applitatlon. • COVENT GARDEN PROMENADE COFCERTS. I:UVENT GARDEN THEATRE, EVERY EVENINp at Right. Under the ate direction of Mr. MAIN RUSSELL. Tinirtday nights. • Sekvtion of Music: oilier night* Miacellaneona. The Pn.gramme Is varied every evening. (*.niuetnr—Signor lIUt Vit,INI, and for the Dance Music Herr JOHANN STRAUSS.—Atlngasion, One Shilling. The OVVrzgsg• TO CORRIDITtINDF.NTS advorthacionto Intended toe The Ksprosa," London Evades meet be at the Moe. Bouverio -wont, by The Tamer os the day of psbilcatios. DRURY.LANE. This Errata°, M CKITII. Mesas. Batty Sullivan. 11341,..r. M•lntyre, Barrett, J. Johnstone, Ae. Mesdames Her man Vern, B. lama. and A. l'uuk.—.tud THE MILLEII AND ills Sir. K Phelps; SIB, &nth Stuart. HAYMARKIT. * EVENING, TIIR WINNING CARD. Mr. Pompton .—AS I'NEGVAI, MATCH. Mews. Bucktoue, Chippename. Rowers, Resnlsti, Chuk. Compton. We. • Reclaims Amy Westsswlck, B. %Isar, fltcwlUlatn , `c.—And A KISS IN Tlir. DARK. raninaora Zumwo, POOR PILLICODDY.- l After whkh AMUR NA N bOrK. Messrs. lioucicault, D Murray. J. O. Shore, G. Neville. dc. MI., Hughes and Mrs. Bousicault. —And NO (INF:, MOUND THE COMM:IL LYeEtTNI. TIII9 ErmoNo. THE MI4rEL.I OF THE MILL—TIIE LIAO or LYON.. Mr. Feehttr, Mown. Jordan. Emery, Ca!harm. Dalton. inart. and Fr.wees ; Mines Ebb vrortlay and Carlotta Le..lorot, Mrs. Manton. MAIM THIS RTZWI7IO, OUR nomEsnei. Meows. Paraelle. Thorne, and Jams. Ilerlamea Johtsibme and Windbaraby.—After which W 'ELIA MI TELL WITH A V ENG EA.Nt. E. Mews. Jones and Thorne Miss Ada Swauborongh, itc.—And LEA It AA A YOST. 110LBoIIN. Trll4 Errxiya, DANDELIoNS DODGES—And FOR LOVE. Slessra. H. J. Nlentainte. Price. Oanlen, Westland, and H. WM dioeub Ileadwuts st,phens, Henr.de, Jenny Winona', awl C. eauudera—Tu conclude with SAS. )Ir. J. W. Ray. BILITANICLL Tale EVENIN4I, BREAK Itl'r NUT BEND. Ilra. S. lane.— American Minstrels: Japanese Tommy and Stamp-Orator We'd and Miss 8 West. Minter Dellneatora—Wlth LION LIMB. RING UP THE Stotrill YEA IsLANDs. HIGH RATIN AT LONDON BRIDOK Tin DST —lktorah:Ng Id tAm.......Afveruomt, Sh. 12m. tO-110lowni—Moralad bd 1.41. 2. -- --- LONDON, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 18. WHAT are the results which have hitherto been gained in various parts of England by works and regulations designed to promote the public health ? This question forms the subject of an article by Dr. BUCHANAN in the Ninth Report of the Medical Officer of the Privy Council. It is now upwards of twenty years since attention was really first directed with energy to the grave need for reform in sanitary matters. Since that time doctors and philanthropists have waged an in cessant war upon the indolent, the incredulous, and those still more numerous and sturdy oppo nents of improvement, the practical men, who " want none of your science, sir." It was rea sonable, therefore, that an inquiry should be made at the present time into some of the results of the numerous works which bear witness in town after town to the efficacy of the steady pressure so long kept up. Dr. BUCHANAN has done this, and his report is calculated, we think, to surprise even the most sanguine of those who predicted great things from sanitary reform. Twenty-five towns have been visited. These were not chosen, be it remarked, for any pre viously ascertained improvement in health, but because they were places where structural sanitary works had been most thoroughly done, and had been longest in operation. They contain an aggre gate population of 606,186 persons, and range in size from small places of 3,000 or 4,000 inhabi tants up to one which had 160,714 inhabitants at the last census. It is somewhat paradoxical, per haps, and not wholly satisfactory, that the varia tions in public health have to be judged by the re turns of deaths. This, however, chances to be the only practicable method, for we have no registra tion of sickness in England. It is, then, by a com parison of the number of deaths that improvement or the reverse in the health of towns is estimated. The earlier death-rate represents a time when sanitary reform was not ; the later rate refers to the last few years when works of utility have for the most part been in action for a considerable time. Before referring to these comparative rates it is well to note the nature of the sanitary ope rations which have been carried out. These have usually consisted of some or all of the following : Drainage works affecting surface, subsoil, or houses. Improvements in water supply, amend ing or extending previous sources or adding new ones. Measures designed for the removal of de composing organic matters, or for preventing contamination of air and water thereby, and more or less completely fulfilling these objects. These measures were usually either the substitu tion of a water-closet system for cesspools and middens, or the draining and improvement of middens. Improved paving, scavenging, and public cleanliness. Lastly, amendment in the lodgment of the inhabitants, the regulation of common lodging-houses, and the repression of over crowding. Of the twenty-five towns visited and reported upon no leas than nineteen show a reduction on the earlier death-rate ; four are probably sta• tionary ; two only show an increase. In several of these towns the cholera of 1849 played great havoc. This was before the present works were constructed, or at least completed. If we include the mortality from cholera in the earlier death rate the amount of reduction is of course much increased, but even if this item be omitted the decrease is still very remarkable. In Cardiff and Newport, for instance, this reduction is no less than 32 per cent., or, omitting cholera, 24 per cent. Croydon, Macclesfield, and Salisbury show a decrease of 20 per cent. Merthyr, Brynmawr?, Ely, and Banbury, have declined at various rates ranging from 18 to 12i per cent. The remaining towns show a reduction varying from 9 per cent. to 1 or 2 per cent. The towns which exhibit no decrease in spite of the construction of sanitary works are Penrith, Worthing, Penzance, and Ottery St. Mary. It is interesting to inquire how far this want of improve ment is capable of being explained. As regards Penrith, we are informed that the water supply is now ample and good. It was not so formerly, how ever, and Dr. BUCHANAN refers to a fact in con nexion with this subject which would be amusing if it were not lamentable. It seems that in 1853 a new supply of water was got from the River Eamont, above the town, at • point where it was free from contamination. The quality of the water was not to be surpassed, but it was soon discovered that the quantity was quite inadequate to the wants of the town. At a great expense, therefore, in 1862, the waterworks were extended. lIMINeIm. THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 18, 1867. It was then found that sonie logical and consistent opponent of sanitary measures had privily inserted into one of the water mains a 5-feet pole, and had fixed it there by wedges. By degrees this pole bad got accumulations around it, and the water supply had become scantier and scantier ! Refer ring to other sanitary works in this town, Dr. BrensNA:v points out their deficiencies. " Every " thing," he writes, " seems to have been done by " halves, the public sewering probably being the " best part of the works." In Worthing, although much has been done since the year 1853, there have been until quite recently defects in the new system of drainage which have interfered mate rially with its success, and have indeed been directly productive of mortality. Worthing is : drained into a well, at a distance from the sea, I whence a pumping engine lifts the sewage into a I delivery box, from which it is distributed over some meadows in the neighbour hood of the town. The sewers have been quite unventilated, so that at times, when the pumping engine has been overpowered and sewage has backed up the sewers, gas has accumulated within these, and, under the compression, has been forced into the dwelling-houses. A serious outbreak of typhoid in 1865 would seem to have owed its origin to this cause. In Penzance it would appear that sufficient time has not yet elapsed for the improved sanitary works to exert any material influence over the death-rate. As regards Ottery, details were not to be procured, and a general reference is only practicable. Lastly, there were two towns in which, if we omit the cholera mortality of 1849, there has been an increase in the death-rate. At Alnwick this increase is no less than six per cent ; at Chelmsford it is smaller, but still appreciable. Investigation has not yet disclosed any very satis factory reason for the failure in improvement at Alnwick, where the drainage and water supply seem to be perfect, and no special cause of un healthiness is apparent. On the other hand, at Chelmsford it is noted that, although very much has been dune for the improvement of the town, there is to each sort of work some drawback from complete efficiency. Sewers have indeed re placed the old cesspools, but they have discharged their liquid parts till quite lately into the river, close to the town, while the full removal of damp and subsoil water has in no wise been obtained. The water supply derived from the chalk has been insufficient, and a further supply has therefore been procured from a superficial well 15 feet deep, which, from its position, is exposed to all the im purities that subsoil water must necessarily encounter. Opponents of sanitary reform may point with some triumph to the example of Alnwick, and may dwell on the increase in the death rate of a town which has been subjected of late years to great structural alterations intended to increase its healthiness. But this is only for the moment. A further investigation will certainly ere long dis close a special source of unhealthiness which is as yet obscured. Alnwick will then take its place, under happier auspices, in company with those nineteen towns which have shown, by their steady reduction in the mortality rates, how disease may be fought and death itself controlled. full share of authority. Upon the principle of a mixed management, and of justice and equality to all religious confessions, the question of popular education might easily be brought to a satidactory compromise. the Court. BALMORAL, Ocr. 15. Her Majesty this day, which was the anniversary of the Queen's engagement to the Prince Consort, inaugu rated in the park adjoining Balmoral the statue of the Prince, which has been cast in bronze by Messrs. Elking ton, after the original in marble by Mr. William Theed. The statue represents the Prince in Highland costume, his left hand grasping a rile, and his right placed on the head of his favourite stagbound. The tenantry of Balmoral, Abergeldie, and Berk Hall, and that of Invercauld, together with her Majesty's ser vants and gillies, were assembled in the park at 11 o'clock. A guard of honour of the 9:ird Highlanders, under the command of Captain Hyslop, was drawn up on the ground. Shortly after 11, the Queen, accompanied by Prince and Princess Christian, Princess Louise, Prince Leopold, and Princess Beatrice, drove to the park, and was received with a royal salute. The mite consisted of the 3farchionese of Ely, the Hon. Mrs. Alexander Gordon, Miu Bauer, Mademoiselle Norele, Lieutenant-General the Hon. C. Grey, Major-General Sir T. M. Biddulpb, Colonel Ponsonby, Dr. Robertson, Mr. Sahl, and Mr. Duckworth. The Queen and !loyal Family having alighted from the carriages stood in front of the st►tue, which was covered with a cloth. The church choir of Creel° sang the hundredth psalm, after which a prayer was offered up by the Rev. M. Taylor. The Queen having ordered the statue to be uncovered, the cloth was drawn off, and the guard presented arms. Dr. Robertson approached the Queen, and addressed her Majesty as follows : •' May it please your Majesty—The tenants and ser vants of your Majesty now assembled have assigned to me the honour and the privilege of conveying to your Majesty their humble but grateful thanks for the mag nificent memorial of their beloved master which your Majesty has now been pleased to exhibit to their view. Permit me to assure your Majesty that we shall ever look upon that statue not merely ass work of art, however excellent it is, not only as a memorial of conjugal love and affection, but as the representation of every noble, of every manly virtue, as a model fur our humble imitation. As we look upon that statue it will recall to our minds the love of truth, the love of all that was good, the love of being useful to our fellow men ; it will also, I hope, im press upon our minds the hatred of vioe, the hatred of everything selfish, mean, or dishonourable that charac terised the living original. The great admonition to each and all of ns, I hope, will be, ' Go ye and do likewise.'" At the conclusion of the ceremony the troops fired a Ifni de joie, and gave three cheers, which was joined in by all present, and the choir sang " God save the Queen." Her Majesty and the Royal Family then returned to the Castle. Prince Arthur is convalescent. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial office from the Governor-General of Canada, and from the Governor of Heligoland. Her Majesty the Queen has presented to the Eton School Library a copy of " The Early Years of his Royal Highness the Prince Consort." His Excellency the Lord-Lieutenant, who is at present sojourning for a abort time at liaronacourt, has intimated his acceptance of the invitation from the citi zens of Limerick to inaugurate the opening of a new graving dock in that port. No day has yet been hied for the ceremony. The Marquis and Marchioness of Clanricarde, who arrived in town early in the week from Homburg, left yesterday for Portnmna Castle, county Galway. The Earl and Countess of Kinnoull last week held a harvest festival at Dupplin Castle, in which the whole of their tenantry and a large party of distinguished visitors participated. The Rev. Canon Humble, the Rev. R. F. Smithe, the Rev. Mr. Macnamara, and the Rev. Mr. Casaane assisted at the gratulatory proceedings. The Right Rev, the Bishop of Brechin preached the sermon. The Earl and Countess of Kinnoull, after the religious service, entertained the Dowager Countess of Kinnoull, the Earl and Countess of Strathmore, Lady Louisa Moncreiffe and Miss Moncreiffe, Lord and Lady Rollo, Lord and Lady Charles Kerr and Misses Kerr (2), Hon. A. Drummond, Colonel and Mrs. Hay, and numerous other friends. LATEST INTELLIGINCE. THE RISING IN THE ROMAN STATES. The position of affairs in the Papal States and in Italy remains almost without variation. The Italian I press and the correspondents of foreign journals in Italy concur in the expression of their belief that the Rattazzi government, and even the dynasty of Savoy, would be endangered if they were to op pose the evident desire of the nation to have Rome as the capital of Italy. They likewise • repeat—what has been so often announced—that t an insurrection is imminent in the City of Rome, I and that the Italian army will have ultimately to interfere. About the intentions of the Pope con flicting statements are made. It is said that, come what will, he has made up his mind not to quit Rome, having nothing to apprehend from the presence of an Italian army in the principal city of Italy, But it is also asserted that he means to fly and to take refuge in Munich, and that directions have been issued to collect all the state documents of importance and send them to the Vatican. Catholic volunteers are entering Rome for the defence of the Pope. The correspondent of the Liberie, dating from Rome, October 14, says that on that day 60 volunteers arrived from France and Belgium, but ho adds that for everyone re cruit coming on the Pope's side 100 come to the Garibaldians from Naples, Florence, Leghorn, Genoa, Turin, Milan, Bologna, &c. This latter statement is borne out by the Florence corre- 1 spondent of the same journal, who writes : The great news of the day is the departure for the fron tier of the Roman Legion—the Theban battalion—com posed almost entirely of Roman exiles. They depart this evening under the command of Major Ghirelli, a brave officer, who leaves the ranks of the regular army to share in the lot of the volunteer' under Menotti and Nicotera. These 400 volunteers, amongst whom are Prince de P—, the Marquis S—, and a hun dred others of the best families, assembled to-day in small groups. I shook hands with some friends amongst them, who pretend not to know what it is all about, but yet who think that, as men of honour, their place is not Florence when fighting is going on at the frontier. There can be little doubt that the intervention of any foreign element, whether of volunteers or governments, in the struggle now going on about Rome will only have the effect of arousing the spirit of the Italian people to a higher pitch of enthusiasm, and stimulating them to make in creased sacrifices. The Milan Gazette says : The national movement is assuming larger proportions from day to day. The young men of Lombardy are burn ing with desire to take part in the Roman insurrection. Young men from the provinces are continually coming to our office for information as to how they can enrol them selves. If the government delays to resolve the Roman question in the sense of the national aspir►tions the move ment will become general. The Corriere Sicilian° says : On Sunday hat a large meeting of Garibaldians was held in the Church of San Andrea, Palermo, under the presi dency of M. Errioo Albanese. An address to Garibaldi and the Roman combatants was voted by acclamation, and committees of aid were formed. The Indipendance Beige says : The information we receive from Toulon seems to con firm the report that a French intervention has been re solved upon. The steam frigate La Canada is making preparation for the embarkation of troops. The Louis X I V. and La Revanche have been ordered to prepare likewise, and the horse transport La Seine is getting ready for the conveyance of horses and artillery. Nothing official has transpired as to the destination of these vessels, but the fact of their armament is positive, and the officers are convinced that they will be ordered to Civita Vecchia. The LuMpentlance makes the following comment on the above : We have already mentioned all the consequences of such a serious resolution unless it be that the government of Florence is attempting to make use of the revolutionary character of the expeditions directed against the Holy See to obtain from the French government authorisation or permission to intervene in Rome on its own behalf—a comedy which would be played cult by the court of the Tuileries making threatening preparations for • 's cowl expedition without having the least inten tion of bringing it to bear in time. We must suppose that the Italians will be in Rome before the allies of the Pope, and th►t they will be able to maintain themselves there. This would lead directly to a war between France and Italy, to the disruption of the peninsular kingdom, probably also to internal complications in France—it being impossible to suppose that a war against Italy in support of the Holy Sxe would be more popular in France than the expedition to Mexico. The Emperor Napoleon 1., considering the claims of the different cities of Italy to be made the capital of the kingdom. came to the conclusion that Rome had the superior title. "Opinions," he says, " are divided as to the proper place for the capital of Italy. Some point to Venice because it is of primary importance for Italy to be a maritime power. Venice, guarded by its situ ation from all attacks, is the natural de pot of the Levant and of Germany. Commer cially speaking it is the point nearest to Turin and Milan, more so than even Genoa. The sea brings it near all points on the coast. Others, influenced by history and old recollections, prefer Rome. Rome, they say, is more central ; it is near the three large islands of Sar dinia, Sicily, and Corsica ; it is near Naples, which has the largest population in Italy ; it is removed by a fair distance from all the vulne rable points of the frontier ; whether the enemy appeared on the French, Swiss, or Austrian frontier, Rome would be from 120 to 140 leagues distant ; should the Alpine frontier be forced, it would still be protected by the frontier of the I Po, and finally by the frontier of the Apennines ; 1 that France and Spain are great maritime Powers without a maritime capital ; that Rome, being near the coasts of the Mediterranean and the Adri atic, would be able to make easy and rapid provi. sion for the defence of the Isonzo and the Adige, by the Adriatic from Ancona and Venice ; that by the Tiber, Genoa, and Villafranca, it could pro vide for the defence of the frontier of the Var and the Cottian Alps ; that it is well placed for annoy ing by the Adriatic and the Mediterranean the flanks of an army which would have crossed the Po, and find itself involved in the Apennines without being masters of the sea ; that from Rome the stores of a great capital could be conveyed away t, Naples and Tarentum out of the reach of a victorious army ; that it has far more resources for meeting the wants of a great capital than any city in the world, and, above all, that it has in its favour the magic and grandeur of its name : We also think, although it has not every requisite of a capital, that it is without doubt the capital which the Italians will one day choose." AUSTRIA AND THE ITALIAN QUESTION. The Dibatte of Vienna, a government journal, publishes the subjoined article on the Roman question : It is necessary to modify the convention of September, not only on account of the Romeo question itself, but, generally, in regard to the other European powers. Must Rome be abandoned exclusively to the insurgents in case they should ultimately prove victorious ? Are the Mazzi- Mans to be allowed to sacend the Capitol, thence to spread disturbance and agitation throughout Italy and the rest of Europe? This cannot be wished for by anyone who sincerely desires that peace should be main tained, and that the agitation should be confined within the narrowest limits posaible. What, then, is to be done? Is France to intervene directly? The convention of September itself is opposed to this, for Francs cannot intervene abler the Italian government should employ its troops end its influence to light up the Base of insurrection in Rome. But, ►part from this, ought France to intervene in favour of Rome, and of the maintenance of the present state of things there, when the Papal government has done nothing to secure any duration of the convention ? This would constitute an act of de votedness which is scarcely in harmony with the interested politics of our epoch. At present the interest of France is to abstain from violently opposing Italy, for to do so would be to drive her into the arms of Prussia. The latter is ready to receive her ; it is keenly watching for the moment in which it may enfold Italy to it• heart. What Prussia ardently desires its the breaking out of • serious conflict between France and Italy ; and in this respect it is very significant that the Berlin official organ, the North demon Gazette, should watch with interest the movements of the insurgents, and should deplore the fate of the Garibaldians. The conflict in question diverts the attention of France from the machinations of Prussia, and permanently binds together the latter and Italy. To fore see the nature of the modifications of the convention of September bas yet impossible ; but some changes in it are at present regarded as certain. Europe is on the eve of some decisive act which cannot fail to exercise a profound influence upon the future character of political relations. OUR CONTEMPORARIES. (THIS DAY.) A FRENCH INVASION OF ROHL. The Daily News refers to the plain statements of the Italian cabinet at the time the September convention was negotiated, to show that the French Emperor cannot pretend to be now taken by surprise at the inability of the Italian administration to bar effectually the passage across the frontier. The policy of France in connexion with Rome has since the expedition of 1849 frequently been cha racterised by bad faith. By the convention the Emperor undertook to apply the principle of non-intervention to Rome, and it seems incredible that he can now add one more fatal folly to the indictment against the second empire, and set himself against all the living forces of civilisation. The Daily News cannot believe that he is so weary of his throne and of his life as to concentrate upon himself all the baulked and thwarted passion of a people prone to revenge its wrongs. Whatcanhberal France expect from him at home if he cements, at the instance of ail the reactionists of Europe, to lavish the blood and treasure of France in sustaining the most reactionary government on earth ? No, if Signor Rattazzi desires to prove his gratitude to the Emperor Napoleon let him take courage, as the French say, " with both hands," and before a new French intervention is resolved upon, let him march to the gat.' of Rome, give the Romans an opportunity of expressing their national will, and make Rome at once the centre of catholicity and the capital of a free state. _ _ 'I he Post expects to see a joint occupation of Rome by France and Italy. A French flag and a French regiment may suffice to represent the armies of Napoleon, while the Italian troops, under the Crown Prince, could in a day restore order in the Pontifical territory. Rome thus jointly occupied, negotiations might proceed for the permanent settlement of Italy, and with the departure of the Carl baldians, the occupation might come to an end. If the Pope agreed to accept accomplished facts, and his just acd great position in the Italian State, the last hour of the temporalities might usher in a secured spiritual dominion, governed from the undisturbed throne of St. Peter's. The Stuadarri insists that in the papal provinces the people are sufficiently satisfied with their present condi tion to refuse to take any steps to change it. The same I paper attacks the Italian government with complicity in the invasion and regrets the French government did not declare its determination earlier. The Tchyraph thinks that the time for unopposed inter vention, at all events, has passed. The cause of the insur gents has become the cause of Italy ; and the inaction of the King's government is pardoned by the nation solely because everyone assumes that, as soon as the necessity shall become imperative, the royal troops will be ordered to march across the frontiers, and to occupy the papal terri tories. CH I'RCH MATTERS. The unconditional and peremptory tone of the resolu tions agreed to by the Irish bishops, is regarded by the Tiros as indicating one of the reasons why the party whom the prelates represent have not gained IKfore this what they wanted. The bishops do not wish the victory to be one of argument, and they wind up this very manifesto with a loud inuendo that secret societies and open insurrection have in a way their justification, in the endowment of the protestant church and the fact of tenants being left to make theirlown bargains with their landlords. Is this to condemn Fenianism or to justify it ; to assist in suppress ing it or to connive ? It is by such tactics, added to those of lawful warfare in the field of politics, that the Irish catholics lose the ground they gain, or might gain, in par liament. The Posr regards the Pan-Anglican synod as the greatest step ever taken towards that united action of all Anglican churches which alone can achieve ap adequate resistance to the encroaching efforts of Rome. Censuring the late pastoral of Cardinal Cullen, the Star observes that in his savage mood of Roman catholicism, he never pauses so reflect on the mischief he causes by adding fresh irritants to the already sore sides of Irish polemical discussion. What can be say to Orangemen when ho him self presents such an example of overheated intolerance? Patience is surely a Christian and a social virtue, patience even with the faults and the mistakes of others; but a rabid impatience of the convictions of others is not likely to pass unnoticed or unceosured at this moment. Discussing the serious controversy in Austria respecting the Concordat, the Times suggests that if M. newt were to look the difficulty in the face he might find it leas un surmountable than it is supposed. The Austrian people need not drive the clergy from their schools. Indeed, it is doubtful whether they could altogether dispense with them. It is only necessary that exclusive ecclesiastical control should owe. The laity should come in for their WILLS AND BEQUESTS. The wills of the undermentioned clergymen were recently proved—namely, the Very Rev. Fralerick Anson, Dean of Chester, under 45,000/. personalty ; the Ven. W. W. Phelps, archdeacon of Carliale, 12,000/. ; the Rev. John Earle Welby, 50,0001. ; the Rev. S. Pagan, of Hpulgb, Lancaster, has left • very interesting catalogue of books. The will of Charles Pinney, Esq., of Camp House, Clifton, Bristol, was proved in London on the 2nd ult., and the personalty sworn under 69,000/.—the executors appointed being W illiam Pinney, Esq., the nephew ; George S. Law, ' . ; Mary Jane Pinney, the daughter ; Frederick Wake 'inney and the Rev. John Charles Pinney, the song. The will is dated Sept. 29, 1866 ; and a codicil Oct. 12 following ; and the testator died on July 17, at the age of 74. The bequests are of a family nature. The testator has bequeathed Si. plate to his eldest eon, Frederick ; his books between his two sons equally, with liberty for his son, the Rev. John Charles Pinney, if be should so wish, to include any theological works in his share. The rest of his property he has divided pretty cqually amongst his daughter and two sons. To his f o r mer nurse he bus left an annuity of 30/., and legacies to biz servants. The will of Robert Walker, of Springfield Mount. Leeds, was (proved in the Court at Wakefield, under 40,000/. ty, by the affirmation of Henry Walker and E ar d wl ward il Walker, the sous and George Tatham, the Non in-law. The will is dat ed April 2S, 1804, and a codicil Nov. 2, 186-i; and the testator died Aug. 4, 1567. H e has made a liberal provision for his family and orphan grandchildren. To his daughter-in-law, Mary Walker, widow of the late son, Joseph. he leaves the interest of 6,000 f . during widowh ood. He has bequeathed the house he occupied and other property to the three daughters of his son-in-law George Tatham. He has left his housekeeper, Jane Millar, 2001., and legacies to all his se r va n t s , i n an d out door. All legacies are to be free of duty. There are the following charitable bequests:—To the Leeds Dispen sary and the Bowden School. York, each 100/. ; Aekworth School, Leeds Benevolent Society, Leeds House of Re covery, British and Foreign Bible Society, and the London Peace Society, each LW. ; and to the Ble and Ear Infir mary, 30/. The residue is to be divided into three arts— onep third among the children of his deceased son William, one third to his son Henry, and the remaining third to his son Edward. The will of Charles Moore, Esq., of Liverpool, and of Claughton, merchant, was proved at Chester, and the per sonalty in England sworn under 30,0001. The executors and trustees nominated arc the Rev. John Lewis Moore, D.D., of Trinity College, Dublin, the brother; William Henry Holt, of Liverpool ; and Mary Louisa Moore, the testator's sister. The guardians appointed to his son and daughter, Charles and Mary, are Mrs. Moore, Miss Moore, and the Rev. John L. Moore ; and the guardians of all his other children are his wife and her brother, Robert St. George, of Croesmoline, Mayo, Dublin. The testator exe cuted his will March 30, 1864, and a codicil Sept. 4, 1803 ; and died April, 8, 1807, at Woodchurch-road, Osten, Cheshire. He has left his freehold and landed estates in the United Kingdom and in America to his eldest son, Charles Moore; and be has directed that his personal estate should be divided into thirty.five parts, which he leaves to his wife and children in certain specified portions. The late Mrs. Lydia Well,, of Chelmsford, who died in August last, and whose will was proved on the 17th ult., has bequeathed to the Essex and Herta Benevolent Society 1001. ; Emma Congregational Union, Ir4l. ; the Association of Bible Women, London, roi. ; Girl, and Infant British Schools, Chelmsford, each 19 guineas; the Chelmsford Benevolent Society, and Lying-in Charity, each 101. ; and , 2001. towards the building of the proposed new schools in connexion with the new London-road Independent chapel at Chelmsford.—lllusfroted London Ears. THE PRINCESS or WALE.—The Princess has been able, in her journey homewanl from Wiesbaden, completely to throw off her character of invalid. She has travelled through without any medical attendant, and came by train from Darmstadt to Antwerp in one journey. The sojourn at Wiesbaden has been attended with the happiest results, not the least of which is that, by the inevitable incidents of the various excursions, the soundness of the recovery has been fully tested by changes of temperature and weather, and rough trial of the joint ; and that the critic a l period when, if at all, relapse might have been expe c t e d or f eare d , has been passed most happily and successfully. The Prin cess is looking well, and is able to move about freely with the slight aid of a stick. The perfect restoration of move ment must be the work of time and can.—British Medical Journal. CRYSTAL PALACE. ONE SHILLING Day.— THLEADAT, OCT. 17. —Admisawas on payment 1,344 ; ditto by season tiaksta, 1,182 ; total visitozs, 2,526„ PRUSSIA. At a meeting of the party of progress held at Berlin with a view to the forthcoming elections for the Prussian parliament, a programme was agreed to by which a reform of the provincial and corn. munal institutions is demanded. Moreover, they require the suppression of the system of indirect voting by the election of electors and the substitu tion therefor of direct universal suffrage, such as has been established for the elections to the Reichstag of ithe Northern Confederation. The whole liberal party is agreed as to this latter point ; it demands, besides, that the number of deputies to the Prussian parliament, which is 432, should be reduced, and that the return of a member to the Reichstag should be united with that of a deputy to the Prussian parliament. The decision which the government may come to on these questions will depend, it is said, upon the result of the ap proaching elections. (ILEUTIR'S TELZG RA118.) THE RISING IN THE PAPAL STATES. FLORENCE, Ocr. 18. Advice/ from the Roman frontier announce that Menotti Garibaldi had taken up a position at Monte Maggiore. Niootera was at Ceccano, and was in full communication with the bands in the mountains. A few bands had appeared at Val monte and in the neighbourhood of Tivoli. The Pontifical troops beyond Frosinone were falling back without striking a blow. Among the insur gents there was a complete band of 1,200 Roman emigrants, under the command of Major Ghirelli. The Italic announces that even yesterday the Italian government had ordered the arrest of 70 young men about to embark for the Pontifical States. The Italic also affirms that the number of persons arrested for the same cause up to the pre sent exceeds 2,000. MARSEILLES, Ocr. 18. Letters received here from Rome, dated the 15th inst., confirm the statement that the Roman autho rities have seized some papers at the residences of two Italian officers, Signors Macragoni and Caase lazzi, who have been arrested on the charge of or ganising an insurrection in Rome. The officers named are at present confined at St. Michael, pend ing their trial. According to the same letters Baron Hubner, the Austrian Minister at the Papal Court, had re turned to Rome, and had urged the Popo not to quit the capital. As regards the insurrection three considerable bands appeared to threaten Viterbo. The Sabina band reinforced by the continual arrival of trains full of volunteers from Naples exceeded in number 2,000 men, whose chief camp was at Monte Car_ pignano. Other bodies of Garibaldians were ex pected to disembark from Sicily. HUNGARY. PESTH, Ocr. 17, EVENING. The conferences of the Hungarian bishops have commenced. The successful candidate for the electoral dis trict of Nemeturog is the son of M. Kossuth. General Turr has gone to Agram. OUTWARD AMERICAN MIAL. QUEENSTOWN, Orr. IS. _ _ The National Steam Navigation Company's steamship Virginia arrived' hero from Liverpool at 9 p.m. yesterday. She embarked passengers and proceeded for New York at 10 a.m. to-day. All well. (BY ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH.) AMERICA. NEW YORK, OCT. 17. Messrs. Neill Brothers, in their circular review ing the cotton trade of the year ending September last, state that the total crop was 2,076,000 bales. The total export, 1,557,000, and the consumption in the Northern States, 696,000 bales. The steamers Persia and Pennsylvania arrived out to-day. Closing prices : Gold, 1441 ; sterling exchange on London, 109; 5-20 United States Bonds, 111 ; Illinois, 122; Erie, 72. Cotton: Middling Upland, 19/. PHILADELPHIA, Ocr. 17 Standard white petroleum, 34. Baron Ricasoli is said (by the Memorial) to be at this moment in Paris. The Independmu•e says that in Normandy one manufacturer alone has lost threo millions by the fall in cotton. . ----. The Jean Bart, training ship, has left Brest for i's yearly cruise in the Atlantic. Besides its officers and crew, it has 90 midshipmen on board. During the visit of the Emperor of Austria no alterations will be made in the hunting arrangements for Conspi4ne and Fontainebleau. The definitive visit of the court to the former place can hardly take place sooner than the 3rd or 9th of November. It is also possible that the coming opening of the chamber may this year alter the programme of these intended imperial country holi days. The Court of Russia has returned to St. Peters burg for the winter. It is the first thus the Czar and his family have been so long abroad, away from the seat of government. The transatlantic cable between France and the United States—Brest and New York -will offer superior advantages to that of England, as the prices will be much reduced, from TrOfr. to GOtr. To expedite the delivery of despatches and prevent probable confusion, it is proposed to establish two classes of telegraphy—the express and the ordinary. The express, which will coat more, will arrive as promptly as possible, and be delivered at the plans of destination by messengers on horseback ; the ordinary will be arranged as at present. A number of miners have left New South Wales for the Cape of Good Hope diggings. On Wednesday evening the Hon. F. Leveson Gower, one of the members for Bothnia, addressed a large meeting of his constituents on political matters at the Town-hall in that borough. The Dis,Yoa (Mr. J. B. Collins) oocnpied the chair. Ties LOBS OF TII6 MAIL STILAIIER WOLF.-- RscovEsT or MAlM—Divers were sent down yesterday, and the Scotch mails and some more packages of cargo were recovered from the wreck. LAW INTELLIGENCE. (THIS DAY.) COURT OF BANKRUPTCY. )Bet ore Mr. Commissioner Winslow.) IN RE HOWARD.—APPLICATION TO REMOTE PROCEEDING% Mr. R. Griffiths applied to his Honour (sitting as for the Senior Commissioner) for an order to transfer the pro. ' oeedings in this matter from the District Court of Liver pool to that of BristoL The bankrupt, E. Howard, had resided in various parts of the country; he had traded as a wine merchant in Liverpool, and was now traveller to a Mark.lane house in the wine trade. hi e liabilities are 10,311/. ; and the application was supported on the ground that, while only one creditor resided is Liverpool, creditors to the amount of 6,7841. were resident in Bristol, London, Worcester, and oth er places in the south. The adjudication had been made on the bankrupt's own petition. At the first sitting the creditors had passed a resolution in favour of trankning the proceedings to BristoL His Honour remarked that the creditors might, under sec. 109, have removed the proceedings to the county court at Bristol by their own resolution. Mr. Griffiths sod the creditors had thought that a case of this magnitude ought to be dealt with by the Court of Bankruptcy. Mr. Etty, of Liverpool, opposed the application on behalf of the bankrupt. As Liverpool was the only place in which he had carried on business, he could only present his peti. tion in the Liverpool district court. The property was all iu Liverpool, and was in course of being realised. His Honour said he would make the order for the re moval, on the assignee undertaking to pay the bankrupt's expenses to and from Bristol when his attendance there might be necessary. The undertaking was given, and the order made accord. IR RE MORGAN. The bankrupt, a grocer and cheeeemonger, of Limehouse and other places, applied for his release from custody. At a former sitting he had been required to find two sureties of 2.101. each. Mr. George, in rapport of the application, stated that one of the proposed sureties was ill, and the bankrupt wished to substitute another—a relative. Mr. Morgan, attorney, opposed and examined the bank rupt to show that he had not stated the whole of his places of business in his petition. On this ground it was asked that the petition should be dismissed. Ultimately the application was adjourned. HI RR GARDNER. The bankrupt, a builder, of Peckham-grove, came before the court on accounts showing debts of 4,073 f. (1,3001. being in respect of accommodation bills), and property held as security, 1,950/. Mr. Downing, for the assignees, did not oppose. The bankrupt had made an ante•nuptial settlement, which had been questioned in a court of law and found to be good. It appearing that the requisite notices bad not been given to the creditors, his Honour directed an adjournment for that purpose till the 28th November. THZ POLICE COURTS. (THIS DAY.) 31A1 , 1SION-HOLTSE. DEIZACDING TFUDESII A stylishly . dressed young man, giving the name of Maurice Akenjuid,was brought up on remand charged with obtaining money and goods from various tradesmen on false presences. It appeared that the prisoner, who had represented him self as Leybourne, professional singer, and a cousin of Mr. George Leybourne, had been in the habit of going to different shops and obtaining goods, giving in payment fictitious cheques on the City Bank and receiving the balance in cash. _ . . -- The prisoner was fully committed on several charges, and the constable stated that about .10 more cases of a sinakr nature could be proved against him. CLERKENWELL EXTENSIVE ROBBERY BY ABANKER'S CLERK. ----- John Hartland Browne, aged 2', a respectably-dressed young man, of B,Brunswick-aquaredSt. Pancras, a clerk, in the employ of the London and County Bank, Islington, was charged on remand, before Mr. Barker, with stealing 2001. from the London and County Bank. Mr. Mullins, solicitor to the Bankers' Association, appeared for the prosecution. The facts of the case were reported on Monday last, and the evidence taken previously having beau read over by Mr. Alexander, the chief clerk, the following additional evidence was adduced. Mr. Michael Meru, a watch manufacturer, carrying on business in 31yddelton-street, Clerkene ell, said -I keep an account at the London and County Bank, Isliugton branch. On the 30th of August I drew • cheque for 70/. but I aid not draw any cheque on or about th at date for 201. Mr. Henry Allen, of 4, Park-grove, Stoke Newington, maid-1 keep an account at the London and County Bank, Islington branch. On the 2'ith of August I filled up • cheque at the counter for 2001., and I received the amount in Bank of England notes. Between that time and the 31st of August 1 did not draw a cheque for 2001. 1 went about • week after I drew the 2JO/. fur my pass-book, and I found a cheque for 200/. had gone. I went back to the bank, and told them of the cheque having been taken. Mr. William Humphries, proprietor of the Packington Arms, Packington-street, Islington-1 have an account in the London and County Bank, Islington, and on the list August I paid • cheque for 600/. as a deposit, and I received • deposit receipt. That was between 2 and 3 o'clock in the afternoon. The receipt was signed" John Browne." Mr. Frederick Williams, cashier at the London and County Bank, Islington branch, said—On the 3lst Augu ,st I received • cheque for 600/. from the laid witness. I ti ll ed up the deposit receipt, and asked the prisoner to sign it as the manager was out, and he did so. I have examined the name on the 600/. cheque, and the marks on the 2001. cheque, and they correspond in every way. I find in the prisoner's entry book au entry of the payment of 301/1. in bank notes. That only is in the prisoner's handwriting. Police-constable Jew, 174 N, maid-1 took the primmer into custody and told him the charge, and he said "Yes, yes ; let it remain till Monday, to let my friends know." The prisoner having been duly cautioned, said—l am guilty. It is all true. Mr. Barker committed the prisoner to the Central Cri- minal Court for trial. The prisoner, who was sobbing throughout the whole of the case, was then removed to the cells. THE LORD MAYOR ELkAT.—It HI understood that a memorial from the leading merchants and bankers of the city of London is about to be presented to Mr. Alderman Allen, the Lord Mayor elect, in order that the procession on the Bth of November may be so arranged as to prevent the necessity for any of the thoroughfares being closed. Alderman Allen was long and honourably known to the citizens in connexion with the East India Company, to whom for many years be stood in the relationship of pub- Esher. He is a deputy-lieuteuant for the city of Londou, and in politics a moderate conservative. In common with a large and increasing number of the citizens, he is understood to be greatly opposed to the grotesque awl cumbrous pa geantry of lord mayor's dayas now conducted, and to be dal rous of making his mayoralty the occasion, so far as the ar ringernenta may he influenced by him, for a marked reform in that respect. The Entertainment Committee, nowsitting at Guildhall, preparatory to the forthcoming banquet on the 11th of November are to have a conference in a day or two with what is called the Ceremonial Committee of the Court of Aldermen on the subject, to consider how the pageant may be beet accommodated to the public 0011••• titmice. Ei.r.,-rioN OF SHERIFFS. —The nomination of sheriffs for the various counties of Englacil and Wide% with the exception of those of Lancashire and Cornwall who are appointed by the Crown, and the sheriffs of Ws& dlesex who ate elected by the Livery of the City of Lon don, is appointed to take p'.ace on Tuesday, the 12th of November. The ceremony will take place in the COWS el Exchequer at Westminster, hi-four the Lord President of the Council, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Lord Chancellor, and her Majesty's _judges. DRP.ADTCL FIREWoRK, EXPLOSION IN SHEFFIELD. —Yesterday evening a dreadful explosion occurred at the shop of Mr. Copley, barber and fireworks mannfacturer, Campo-lane, Sheffield. The cause of the explosion is not known, but whilst a professional singer, named Alfred Allnut, and a mechanic, stained Fr ed eric Askew, were having their hair cut in the shop by Mr. Copley and an assistant, named Simpson. a rocket, which with a Liege number of other* was in the window, suddenly ex= The whole of the fireworks in the window instantly ignited, and • fearful explosion occurred. The windows of the shop were blown out, and the fireworks flew into the street and into the churchyard on the other side, and there e xpended themselves. A number of persons rushed to the shop, and Minot, Askew, and Copley were dragged out. They were dreadfully injured—the flesh from Allnut's hands, face, &c.. peeled off to the bones. The assistant was not so much injured. The shop was cam pletely gutted, and the house shaken to the foundation. ANOTHER FATAL ACCIDENT AT BIARRITZ.—" A fatal accident," says the P"trie, " cast a gloom over the bat day spent by the court at Biarritz.. On Monday one of the Emperor's couriers, mimed Vaudin, was washed off the rocks by a wave, the ses running high at the time. Se ' venal persons were witneeics of the accident, and five of tbem, with great courage, launched a boat ; and, although running immense danger, succeeded in ininging the body of Vaudin to shore. Three medical men were speedily on the snot, and at onoe resorted to means to re store vitality. The event was soon known at the Villa Engimie, and drew a great concourse of persons to the beach ; hut one of these MIN before any of the others—it was the Empress. The gracious sovereign not only en couraged the physicians, but, with au impulse of charity of which she leaves proofs everywhere, her Majesty did not disdain to assist for 20 minutes in the endeavours to re suscitate the drowned man. All was fruitless. The Em ' press was deeply moved by the spectacle." An Australian paper complains of the names which are given to places in that country, such as Black Bob's Creek, Scabby Flat, Monk's Trunky Creek, Dead man's Flat, Fryingpan, LOP ItEE 1 i I RETI On escall Lion bait ] trnitii ZIADt repel Tb bold debe mat was , was opioj at,