The Express. — London, England, 1858-08-09 00:00:00

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THE successful submerging of the Atlantic Cable Is such a gigantic stride in the science of Telegraphy, that it requires some time for the mind to appre ciate the full significance of the event. Now that the possibility of laying a cable two thousand miles in the depths of the Atlantic is established, England can no longer suffer France of Austria to hold the key of instantaneous communication with her Indian Empire. A French garrison in Gibraltar and an Austrian one in Malta would be scarcely more significant in ► political point of view than the taw tinued dependence of England on France or Austria for the carriage of her telegraphic messages from India. The question is not less important economically and commercially than politically. Why should • message require nearly eight hours to be conveyed from Malta to London, when it might be transmitted in less than half-an hour? Our Indian Telegrams, upon which so much depends, are sow obliged to travel through foreign lands. They must be transmitted again and again by clerks ignorant of our language- A menage from Malta must pass through the hands and the heads of Sardinian, Conical), Italian, and French clerks before it reaches England. The majo rity of these clerks are entirely ignorant of the lan guage of the message they are transmitting —every blunder committed by one is perpetuated along the line. Each clerk who does not understand the words he telegraphs, or interprets from an in strument, multiplies the sources of error and con fusion. No wonder, then, that Telegrams should be so full of blunders that all who receive them through these foreign sources should heartily wish that Telegraphy had nesse bee• i•eeatad: The trans formation of " a native officer was slain " into "a " native of Ricer was slain" is bat a slight mystifi cation nadir such a system; and a regiment "cut " up" instead of " shut up" a most venial error. The multiplication of stations, at each of which a message must be repeated, is a source of expense both in time and money, as well as of error. Had we a line from Falmouth to Gibraltar, and from Gibraltar to Malta, the message which now pares through the Sardiaian, Corsican, Italian, and French Telegraphic Clerks might be transmitted by two English Clerks. A message might be telegraphed from Malta to London direct, with the same ease that a message can be forwarded from Newfound land to Valentin Bay. The waste of money and time in the transmission of oar Mediterrane►n and Indian messages from one Continental line to another is not the only draw back. The Continental lines are the roads of com munication for their own merchants and people, as well se for ourselves. Oely onernemsge at a time 0112 be transmitted eking the Telegraph Wire. The Tele graph is not like a Mail-Packet or Coach, into which you may bundle as many letters or menages as yen please. Every letter of •very message, speedy though the abereagor may be, most past through every station is single Lk. Hence the merchant in London who would transmit a message to Trieste cannot tell whether his correspondent will receive it in one hour or in three days. We hare ourselves ere now had a Telegraphic Despatch anticipated by the ordinary Mail. The communication of England with her Medi terranean Dependencies would be quite sufficient to occupy a Telegraphic Line without interruption, if the charges were moderate and the transmission speedy and trustworthy. India could find more work than one hoe could carry. if, therefore, we still remain dependent upon the foreign route, the lines of that route most be increased, or else the stoppages and slowness of progress will render steam preferable to electricity. The tortoise will beat the hare. Expe rience shows that them foreign lines will be increased only by British capital, to carry British messages. Why, thee, should we rennin dependent en foreign routes ? We lose every way. In political inasesee, in secrecy, in accuracy, in time, and in money. Oar esommercialiets and legislators might resasaa►ly shrink from the idea of Bea Tele raphy from England to India or Australia while the ♦tlantic communication waa still in abeyant*. Now they have no excuse. The public, however, mut watch the Legislature with a jealous eye. Railway jobs, and blunders, and plundering*, must not be imported into Telegraphy. Much has already been done to cripple en►rgy, to *sours monopoly, and to retard progress. If free scope be given to invention and enterprise, we can see no r►ason why Submarine Telegraphs should not be laid down at leas cost than land wins. The Atlantic cable is the lightest and the cheapest of the long submarine cables yet submerged. It is • question s heather its weight and its cost have sot far exceeded the limier of neoesefty. Mr. ALinneffers to unite the Old and the New World with a cable less than half the weight and half the price. It yet remains to he tried whether a rope so light that one ship could carry the whole length necemsry for uniting England to America could not be laid down with fewer failures than the cable in whose ultimate success we so heartily rejoice. The necessity for increased amuses of electrical communication with the Continent program's every day. We have one cable tiostaining four wires, or what may be better called electrical roadways, be tween London and Calais ; a cable with six electrical roadways, uniting London with Ostend ; and three or four cables with single wires, for which a cable with fear wire. is &boat to be substituted, bring the Magee into communication with England. On the Ist of October a line will be submerged from near Hall to Emden, to connect London with Hamburg. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, AUGUST Surely the neurity for all these electrical roads, along which the travellers must ilways pass usingle file however rapid their miirch,,ig" indict direct and independent submarine jpotaunkatif with the Mediterranean is as issitiplast in.. oak mercial u it is imperstire ia t political point of view. P• • g•• IQ many ways we English are behindhand in Telegraphy. We use signals and instruments in ?..ngland superseded throughout Europe and Ame rica. Telegraphy is far more expensive in England than it ought to be—either for the interests of those who use the Telegraph, or those who derive their dividends from it. Switzerland has her uniform twit of one frau for every mirage throughout her boundary. Twelve shillings is the cost of sending a single message of twenty words from England to Trieste—a distance of about 1,670 English miles. The charge of eonveying this message from England to the Continent is tire shillings; so that the foreign charge for more than 1,300 miles is only seven shillings. The adoption of proper instruments, the multiplica tion of lines of communication, and the reduction of charges ought to work as great a reformation in the present state of English Telegraphy as ROWLAND Him, worked in the Post-office by the introduction of the penny postage system. The penny post and the money order office are valuable hints by which telegraphists might profit, and with advantage to the oomenurity at large as well as to themselves. Such an invention as that of Professor HI:011211' Printing Telegraph shows how the Telegraph may be improved both in the speed and the accuracy with which messages can be conveyed. It also dis penses with the necessity of a copying clerk. The message being printed simultaneously at both stations, the copy at the near station may be kept by the Company for reference, while the distant one can be immediately sent to its destination. Won derful as arc the capabilities of such au instrument as this, we are by no means disposed to regard it as the limit of mechanical adaptation and ingenuity. There will be little encouragement for inventors if the Telegraph Companies are careless of adopting improvements, and trust rather to monopoly than the advancement of the public interests. We believe that a direct submarine line, passing through no foreign land but the narrow isthmus of Suez, to India is • political necessity which cannot be disregarded. The submerging of the Atlantic cable shows the practicability of accomplishing this work. scarcely less important for commercial than for political considerations. Two thousand miles of cable can be laid down in the depths of the Atlantic in a week. It will be a disgrace to English enter. prise and statesmanship if another year passes with out an Electric Line, which can readily be guarded from the attack of every possible human foe, being extended from England to her Indian Empire. THERE is one class of Englishmen to whom Cherbourg has loug been as familiar as Cowes. Our yachtsmen who annually " lay in a stock" over the water, are as much at home within the Diyue as in the Solent or Plymouth Sound. The beautiful craft of the Royal Yacht Squadron, and the other clubs, have been, for many years, at least as familiar to the eye of a Cherbourgeois as a French line-of-battle ship. And at the late festivities the yachts of private English gentlemen were the most remarkable feature in the sea view. They covered the water for miles, and the ships of war were lost amid the crowd. This passion for the sea, which is common to all classes of Englishmen, would lead now, it need were, to the same results as it did in the days of ELIZABETH. As the Armada stood up Channel, from every river and harbour on the English coast issued the private vessel, of the nobility and gentry, to aid the Royal Navy by hanging on the enemy's flanks, distracting his attention, and picking off stragglers. The gentry who now-a-days own our yachts, and the crack sea men they employ, could, in like manner, cover the sea with effective privateers if we were to be engaged in a naval war. to-morrow. We need no Chan nel Squadron to remind the inhabitants of Cherbourg that the sea is a second country to Englishmen, and that if the goal of a Parisian sickens at such an " eccentricity," it is the delight of English gentle men to brace their energies by battling with the wave and the breeze. It would be difficult to ewes ass the effect on a Frenchman's mind of such a epee tacle as the fleet of English yachts which has been manceuverieg in Cherbourg Roads. Screw line-of battle ships and frigat es, huge commercial steam-ships —these are the commonplaces of maritime power and enterprise ; • pleasure navy is its poetry and romance. A national sport, which maintains • fleet of hundreds of the finest craft, and supplies a nursery for thousands of the smartest seamen in the world, is the sport of • race from which the sceptre of the sea kingdom cannot be wrenched. With the exception of our yachtsmen, however, Cherbourg was until now almost a terra ignota to English travellers. Boulogne, Calais, Havre, and Dieppe have become almost as familiar sounds to the English ear as Brighton, Dover, Folkestone, and Hastings ; Caen and Avranehes are British set tlements, and St. Melo is the usual continuation of a trip to the Channel Islands ; the valley of the Seine is favourite ground for our ramblers afoot; but Cherbourg, with all its early historical associations, common to the two nations, and surrounded by a rural landscape as soft and rich as an English county, has been left undone by the indefatigable followers of Mr. XIX% r. Few Frenchmen even have known more of Cherbourg hitherto than a Bedfordshire yeoman may be supposed to know of Pembroke or Sheerness. To the enlightened Parisian, Cherbourg was (by report) a dockyard and a naval arsenal, and, for the rest, a dull, out-of-the-way, hole-and-corner provincial town, which no man in his senses not professionally obliged to go down to the sea in ships would ever dream of exploring. French navel men regarded Cherbourg much as English nasal men regard Sheerness—as a sort of postscript to creation, specially designed by the Providence of naval affairs for fitting out and paying off ; but totally irreconcileable with civilised human existence. In truth, under ordinary circum stances Cherbourg was as uninteresting and unin viting a spot as the most disgusted of sightseers in march of ennui could desire to live aid die in. Even ea a naval port, it always seemed to be neglected and forgotten. Neither in the dockyard nor in the roads was there any approach to the stir and animation of Brest or Toulon. Besides these ordinary guardships, you would see for weeks and weeks a mere brig, with perhaps a steamer or two, abreast of the breakwater ; the appearance of a third or fourth pendant was quite an event. For the , unhappy officers and crews on the station, a run ashore was a poor escape from the dreary round of drumming, and heasswork, and piping perpetual, afloat. Yet, if the officers and crews grumbled at the dead or live depression of the tows, the citizen', it must be teemed, returned the compliment with interest, and grumbled without ceasing at the cruel Indifference and neglect to which they were cal -1 dunned by every suceesslve Ministry of Marine. The Preeest Ignperial Goveromeet enjoys a we op portunity et winning the hearts of the citizens of Catelbourg, by simply sparing them a ship or two from the Reese and Toulon divisions of the fleet. The completion of the railway from the capital cannot fail to give a new life to the old town. Hotels and cafés may be expected to spring up. Inst of a kim,:pral odieere, loalthlt•Of they w up ill ary, a scot* of eoloaik and su playin dominos in listless deligiikon, and a firtt melancholy tradesmen Icpt in a number of dejesiid ieactionailes, 'there wlll ` llsi Teen al active, hopeful, and thriving population moving through gay and busy streets. Instead of a steamer and a brig, looking as if they were in perpetual quaran tine, a squadron of ab leastlialf a dozen pendants will give animation to the sea-view. English holi day-makers, tired of the eoujours porelriz of the old familiar French watering places, will flock to the rising town, and in the tribute brought by these visitors the townsmen will find an ample com pensation for the gains of the smuggling trade, which was sure to flourish whenever France and England were at loggerheads, and which is now irrevocably a thing of the past. Cherbourg will awake some morning and find itself not only famous, but fashionable. tit court. OSBORNE, Avouar 7. The Duke of Cambridge took leave of her Majesty yenerday, on board the royal yacht, and returned to London. The Bsrl of Malineibury Sir John Pakiniton, and tbs Estl Delawarr, hays sloo Wt. Yesterday was the birthday of Prince Alfred. The Queen's dinner party included the Prince of Wales, Prises Alfred, Princess Alice, the floe. Mrs. T. Y. Bid dulph, Visootmt VaUelort, Sir J. Clark, Ur. Gibbs, sad Lieutenant Cowell. The band of the 13th Regiment pleyed during dinner. At ouer 8. Her Majesty and the Prince Consort, accompanied by Prince Arthur, Princess Alice, and Prinoma Helena, went on board the Ettryalea, frigate, Captain Tarlkon, C.B , lying off Odborea, yesterday afternoon. The Queen eras ranted with 21 guns on arriving and on leaving the Alp, The, Counter of Desert, the Hon. Mary Billteel, the Hos. Colonel Hood, and Captaha Ds Plat, were In attendenoe. Colonel the Has. Sir C. sad Lady Phipps, Lieutenant- General and Mrs. Baollys, Colonel the lion. R. Bruce, Captain Tarlatan, R.N., and Lieutenant Cowell, had the honour of dining with her Majesty in the evening. CHERBOURG, At Br 6. Her Majesty the Queen and the Prince Consort, acoom panted by the Prince of Wales and the Duko of Cambridge, arrived at Cherbourg, In the royal yacht Victoria and Albert, at 6 minutes peat 6 o'cluch yesterday evening. la attendance upon her Majesty were the Countess of Desert, Ludy in Waiting, the Hun. Mary Bulled, Maid of Honour, the Earl Delawn?, Lord Chamberlain, the Earl of Malmesbury, Foreign Secretary, Sir John Pakington, First Lord of the Admiralty, Colonel the Hon. Sir C. Phipps, Celcuel the Hon. A. Hood, Equerry to her Majesty, Captain Du Piet, Equerry to the Prince Cuneort,Visoonnt Valletort, in attendance upon the Prince of Wales, Colonel Tyrwbitt and Colonel Chapman, aide-de-camps to the Duke of Cam bridge. Immediately upon the Queen's arrival Admiral Hame lin, Minister of Marine, was sent on board the royal yacht• by the Emperor, to congratulate her Majesty upon her arrival. Earl Cowley and Countess Cowley, Viscount Chelsea, secretary of Embassy, Mr. Hammond, British Consul, and Mr. Atka, private secretary to Eul Cowley, paid their n• *poets to her Majesty. - Marshal the Duo de Malakoff and Admiral Lord Lyons likewise came an board the Victoria and Albert. _ _ _ The Bari and Countess Cowley had the honour of joining the royal dinner party, which consisted of the ladies end gentlemen in attendance. -At half-past 8 o'clock the Emperor and Empress of the French, attended by a numerous suite, arrived on board the royal yacht. Their Imperial Majesties were received, upon stepping from their bergs, by the Prince Consort, and upon coming on deck by tim Queen. TG Emperor and Euipreu returned on shore about ten o'clock. Acute? 6. The Queen end We Prinos Consort, artth the Prince of Waldo and the Duke of Cambridge, landed at the docks at a quarter before 12 o'clock yesterday. In attendance were the Coaster of Desert, the Hon. Maly Ballad, their excellen cies the Earl and Counter Cowley, Colonel the Row. A. Hood, Equerry In Welting, Captain Du Plat, Equerry to the Prince Consort, the Hon. Sir C. Phipps, cause vanotort, in attendance upon the Prince of Wales, Colonel Tyrarhitt and Colonel Chapman, C. 8., aides-de camps to the Duke of Cambridge. The royal barge we. steered by Captain the Hon. J. Den man. As her Majesty left the royal yacht, mats, weed fired by the French and English ships of war, and salvoes of artillery from all the forts. Upon noshing the quay her Majesty wee received by the Emperor of the French, who handed her Majeety on shore, and eondncted her to the Empress, who stood at the top of the gaps. The imperial and royal party and their suites then entered the carriages of his Imperial Majesty and were conducted to the Prefecture Maritime, where a dejenner was prepared. Subeequently their Majesties, with the other royal guests, drove tn the Port de 1. Carrier*, and afterwards inspected the large hula of the docks. Is tie mobs. the Queen, the Prince Consort, the Prince of Wales, mid the Duke of Cambridge, with the ladies and gentlemen of the household, dined with the Emperor and Empress at loud the French line of battle ship La Bretagne. Covers were laid for about seventy moose. Later is the evening there was a brilliant display of fire works. The Queen and Prince returned with the Emperor and Empress, in hie Imperial Majesty's barge, to the Victoria and Albert. Almon 7. Yesterday, at about halt•peet 11 o'clock, the Lamm end Empeees of the French proceeded in their stale barge to take leave of the Qum, the Prince Consort, and the other royal personage,. Their Imperisl Msiestias were attended by • numerous suite. After remaining on board the royal ;add the Emperor and Empress took their leave, sad proceeded on board the French lag-ship La Bretagne amidst WOr from all the shim, which bad previously manned yards. The Victoria sad Albert immediately got entire weigh sad steamed out to OM, asserted by the squadron of men-of mar under the commend of Adtakal Lord Lyons, end fol lowed by the royal yachts. . „ Mph, salutes wets bed from the French ships of war, awl frequent salvoes of artillery from the forts. Rot htsjeaty's yacht moulded the Breakwater at 12 minuted past men. Sir John Burgoyne had an interview on Saturday with Sir B. Brauer Lynes. Mr. Rutherford, Mr. Thornton Hunt, Mr. F. Stewart Mayan:ben, and Mr. Isbiater, had also in terviews with the right how baronet at the Colonial-aka, The Hereditary Grand Dabs of Mecklenburg Btrelite and Prism Adolphus left town Let evening for Dover, ea reek for Germany. The Greed Data wee ac companied by their Royal Highnesses the limedhery Grand Dachas, and the Dube of Cambridge to the railway terminus at London-bridge. The Grand Duchess afterwards returned to Cambridge Cottage, to join the Duchess of Cambridge sad the Princess Mary, with whom the Grand Daehri tell remain until the 21st tuatara, and then join the Grand Data at Streaks. The Prince tad Prinoese Hohenlohe• Schilling. tarot sad mita have arrived at Loses Hoist, rasa Grand. Hie Excellency the Prussian MAIM* and the Counter BernstorE entertained tle Duke Inner of Heck lastarg Schorr, the Earl of Yakwbri, sad a seine anis, at dicer, at Prussia Harr, het reek. His anal. leery and the meats. h tows eat Tlivroky, es a ran to the Marquis of Salsbury, at Hsttleld Roue. His Excellency the Sardinian Minister left Paris a few days einem es rose! for Gormley. • The Duke and thielissa of Argyll, with the Mar. gale std Meectioaess o( Lora sad Tamil, , have left tows far laventry Castle, Amdahl*, fur the winter. The Earl of Mahnesbory, as Secretary of State teir Foreign Adele% wl scoompeny her Maim" to Berlin, sad ammin is the redatee of the Queen wadi her Majesty's retort at the and ef the mouth. NEW wee currently reported at %nuts krd, oa Batardsy. dark g the deaths for Werth Cheetahs, that the father of the sear member. Mr. Tattea Egerton Who remedy arceptacl the Chiltern Hitudreda, iikortty t. be 'steed to the range. 1T INTELLIGENCE. iblßigSB FROM , 14 ' orl OWN ooaxioxowswpr.) *4' PARIS, SUNDAY ETINI*II. w`; 4, The Prom has an article on the Queen's visit, which will probably occasion some remark in England. Without being precisely unfriendly or discourteous, it is much lees enthusiastic about the alliance and its result than the Paine and the Pags have appeared to be during the week. While admitting that the sovereigns of the two countries are making laudable efforts to maintain the alliance, that they shrink from no " personal endeavours, no sonoessions of form, no sacrifice of susceptibilities," to shew their desire to preserve peace, it asks, whether, after all, peas is an alliance ? Are not their views divergent P Is there any understanding at Constantinople, on the Danube, in the Italian Peninsula, at Suez? Does not England pursue in Egypt and at Perim a separate policy, and one which serves her own interests alone? Hai there been hit upon at Cherbourg any compromise of opinion, any means for common action ? We hop, so, but we doubt it much. Although severely tried by the Indian insurrection— although reduced to Emma a meet modest attitude towards the United States, we greatly fear that England has not yet Some to understand that the French alliance is only possible on certain conditions which are not those of former times. She would be very glad to join us en the condition of taking the lead; she would act In common provided she always gave the impulsion and never received it. Since 1816 England has exercised a preponderant action in Europe. Since 1830 particularly, the alliance with France on unequal conditions enabled her to command either rain or sunshine in Europe whenever she pleased. The Eastern war, and the respective Parts played by the two silks, have changed this mete of things. Prance must now be thought of. Ewe arises • new situation which Fiance has not yet accepted. Tte assertion that the result of the joint war in the Crimea was to place England in a state of relative inferiority to France has probably never before been so prominently pat forward in any French journal as by the above passage. I should be very sorry to take the initiative of any irritating remarks at the present moment. I am quite willing to admit that some of the questions which the Presse asks deserve to be seriously oonsidered, and raise points which may very reasonably occur to a French mind. No doubt English people cannot expect that foreign nations will tamely submit to their claim, if they make any such claim, to preponderance all over the world. But I cannot help saying that remarks such as those muds by the Prone, which moreover is notoriously connected, politically, with Prince Napoleon, have much greater significance in France, whore the press is not free, than any similar jealous expressions would have in England, where it is the Queen's pride that she has no power to prevent her subjects saying and printing what they like. The French government press often speak as if the English nation was responsible for a newspaper article. Let them now take note that the first growl after the Queen's visit comes from the French side of the Channel. The Freese concludes its article by saying that the sense of the inauguration of the great military port of Cherbourg, which " may be considered at will either as a work of defence or as a menace," is " a notice to England of a desire to keep up the alliance with her, and at the same time of the possi bility of doing without it." A very curious lawsuit stands far hearing on August 12. Count Bondy, formerly a prefect and a peer of France, bas instituted a prosecution against N. Ganda), the Mayor of Blanc (Indre), charging this functionary with having in combination and confederacy with one Daudet, a monk, known as brother Gaultier, the superior of " brotherhood of Christian doctrine," and divers other persons, frau dulently and illegally impeded the free and true eleotion of a council-general. M. Emile 011ivier is counsel for the prosecution. The Roi d'Y;ietot left Havre yesterday for Fort de France, with the status of the Empress Josephine, which is to be erected in her native land. This statue, in Carrara marble, executed by M. Vital Dubray, was exhibited among the works of modern art at the Palace de l'lndustrie last year. The fourteenth sitting of the Paris Conference did not take place yesterday, as bad been announced as possible, though scarcely expected. The pleni potentiaries will very probably meet to-morrow. AUSTRALIA,. We have received advice, from Melbourne dated June 15, and from Sydney, June 12. Some important political events have taken place in the colony. The Reform Bill introduced by the O'Shanaesy ministry had been thrown out by the Legislative Council. The rejection of the bill subjected the government to inter pellations in the Assembly as to the course they intended to pursue in consequence of that vote, and Mr. O'Shanusy made the following remarkable statement: We intend to advise a prorogation, with a view, upon the re-meemblhag et parliament, of re-Introducing to this house the same bill in all its character and features, so that that calm, lair, and delibmate opportunity may be afforded to the two branches of the legislature of deliberating upon and re- considering the deciatos which has been arrived at; and if, after that calm and deliberate opportunity has been afforded to the country and the legislature, it should he found that the measure cannot page the other branch of the legislature, I have the authority of my hon. colleagues for stating to this bones—and I state It unhesitatingly fur my owe pert—tlest we are unanimously of opinion that Its obatmotive °barmier will be so dearly evident that we shall be justified, not only la asking for the passing of that bill, bat in asking for an alteration of the constitution. Ie accordance with this intimation, parliament was prorogued on the the 4th of June, fora month. On its re-assembling on the Bth of July the Reform wilt be re-introduced. Outside the walls of parliament," says the Argue, "the effeeta of the ministerial declaration have opwated diversely—all moderate men have resented it as a species of incipient dictatorship, whilst the more violent section of our politicians have felt encouraged by it to carry political agita tion to the very verge of sedition. A demonstration against the upper house has taken place in Mel bourne, which assumed the shape of a torchlight meeting and procession. The latter, after parading the principal streets of the town, invaded this par lament reserve, where verbena extravagances were committed in the shape of oratory, the display of banners bearing strong sentiments, Ike. Large numbers of persons assembled to witness the un wonted spectacle, but that the mass consisted of curious and amused spectators merely was evident from the fact that an attempt to repeat the demon stration the following week was a miserable fail are." From tables made up to June 12, it appears that the linantities of gold brought into Melbourne from the gold fields doing the current year tad the Cor responding period of last year were nearly equal. The shipments, which are more fluctuating, depending ea they do °tithe number and character of the vowels , sailing, were also so nearly alike that the departure of one good ship would make them quite equal. These facts," says the .4rges," give the beet evi dence of the permanent resources of the gold mines of Victoria. -The weather of the early part of the year was most unfavourable for mining operations ; water was wanted everywhere, but, owing to the ienrceetinsed drought, it was found in few places; 9 11 9 'J..- ru, ihencelliesi r eQs of the miner were increased by Us cost of cartage for miles across country of lugs quantities of ► washing-stuff, with which the metal is surrounded; Even now, although we are blessed with an early whiter, complaints are general of the want of such g fall of rain as would ensure an abundant supply for mining purposes for months to come." The great event of the current month bad been thediscorsry of a monster nugget of pure gold, at Ballearat, weighing 2,217 ounces. This, the last and the largest man of the metal yet discovered, is thus described in the Ballaarat Times: This wonderful nugget is about 20 toothed' long, by Ws or seven broad, and nearly as much deep. It toed a narrow reaper from being two nuggets instead of one, for at a point one-third from the old, its continuity is only maintained by • narrow neck, which is so slight that the men were afraid to handle their prize much, lest they might break it In two. In shape, it has a grotesque resemblance to a skeleton horee's head and shoulders— the narrow part we have mentioned representing the neck. Or It looks like a continent with a pertinent& attached to it by a narrow isthmus. It bears upon its sides the marks of several hard blows front the pick. The fortunate owners are the Red Hill Mining Company, owners of the Engine-claim on Bakery-hill, beside the Imperial Hotel. They are a party of twenty-two, all working part ners. They have been long together, and ware among the first to istrodnoe steam-propelled machinery upon this gold field. Before taking up their present claim, which had been worked previously by another party, they were mining at Crerrick, and were not very successful there. On Bakery bill they have done well, independently of this immense nugget. A telegram in the Melbourne Age states the value of the nugget to be about 11,0001. The Ballarat Star says : The company which has met with this piece of good lack consists of twenty-four men all of whom are Cornishmen. They have been engaged in their present olalm—which is about 190 feet deep, and is, we need hardly say, " old ground "—for seven or eight mo e nt ai t and since they occupied it they have met with .v nuggets varying from 12 to 46 os. The one of 46 oa. was found a few days ago, not far from where the pm sent one wee lying, and in ail probability more may be in the vicinity, as the Madera were so overjoyed with their good fortune that they did not spend a moment in remising the ground around the bed of the valuable waif, but get it to the surfer without delay. Tha mars on being weighed by a pair of steelyards, proved to be 1751b5. avoirdupois. From this a deduction of say sin or eight pounds may be nude fur the clay ' and quartz sticking in the interstices. At a rou g h guess, therefore , the mass will be about 2241 be. troy of pure gold, thus makingi it by a long way the biggest nugget that has ever yet been found. The owners propose to call it very appropriately the Welcome Nugget. It we within 160 yards of the spot where this one wits found that Messrs. Victor, Seeant, and party discovered a large nugget of about 47th .. shortly after the outbreak at the Eureka, The following is a list of the gold ships which have sailed from the port of Melbourne since the Ist day of April last : The F'ornioris, for Calcutta, April 9, 2.655 oz. of gold; Royal Charter. for Liverpool, April 10, 93,733 ore ; • Caribou, for Calcutta, April 15, 1,962 oz . ; C ornwa ll, for lisogkoog, 16,104 oz.; Victoria, for Suez, 85,428 its.; Shooting Star, fur Liverpool, April 2L, 41,598 es. ' • Tudor, for Liverpool, April 23, 27 oz. ; Printer, for Batavia, April 28, 298 oz. ; Heather Bell, for Londoo, May 6, 70.792 on. ,• Eagle, for Liverpool, May 13, 23,946 oz. ; European, for Suez, May 15, 38,300 oz.; Bengal, for Hoag Kong, 10,608 oz. ; Hougoumont, for London, May 20, 33,497 oz.; Bier, for London, May 22, 61,084 es.; Avon, for London, June 10, 107,008 oz. The following is from Messrs Mackay, Baines, and Co's. Melbourne Commercial Report Me!beam 14th June, 1858. It is our singular fortune this month to report the arrival of the Mail steamer Emeu, we day later than her appointed time. But for a delay on the European side, she would have landed her mails before they were due. We Mast this is the commencement of a new era in the management of the postal arrangements of these colonies. Hitherto there has been' much cruse for emeplaint in the irregularities and delays oonstantly taking place. Now that the West India Royal Mail Company have the entire working of the line plaited in thee hands, we look forward to greeter punctuality and dia path. The adobes are stasis* ry, inasmuch as shippers seem disposed at last to heed the admonitioes of merchants here. The diminuttno In the amount of shipments will no doubt have the effect of improving the prices of many articles of which the stocks are not inordinately large, but it should be bores In mind that in future operations great caution must be exercised, and that say repetition of former heedlessness will be met by corresponding disappointment and Ices. Our stocks on hand in very many cases, are still heavy, and some time must elapse before any decided and lasting improvement can take place ; but increased shipments would speedily annihilate the improved towed' oar markets. The railway works are now in action; the contractors for the Melbourne end &multiunit line hays commenced ope rations. Fresh lenders were invited by the government for the (3sr long sad BsHearst line, sod eleven erns respcoded ; the highest amount being 1,347,792 L, sod the lowest, 1,2/1,8411. The decision of the government is not yet known, but will be declared la a few days. The tenders for the Hallway Loan have resulted in the scorptanoe by the government of that made by six of the banks, at the minimum price of 1051. for each debenture of 1001., to the extent of 1,800.0001., bearing interest at the lute ale per oent. per annum. Other tenders were received from Mr. Childers, ea the agent of Mews. Baring Brothers, from Kr, Gabrielli, Messrs. De Pees Brothers, and Messrs. E. F. edcbel and Co. The yield of gold for the month shows a falr a Considerable excitement has prevailed oa the Balla= gings by the discovery of • nugget said to weigh 2241b5. troy. It was found in deep slaking, on a claim owned by twenty. four miners; sad several nuggets of more than ordinary size were found before this mass was revealed. We ere helms to be able to advise a continued roundness in commercial credit, no failure of say moment bee occurred since our trot. The money market limey, and ft is difficult for capitalists to invest at the °anent rates of interest on first-class securi ties. The banks have wisely esdesvoured to check tho specu lative feeliog lately existing, by • restriction of discount ; this being accomplished, good bills an non readily nego tiated. — The works el the New Sager Ftefloing Company mensal, oimpleted. and whl, ft le expected, be in operation within a month. This company is much required hem, art wUI tend to regulate our sugar market. Hitherto we have been alma entirely dependent upon Sydney for our supplies of relined sugar, for which we hare bad to pay dearly. This will now be remedied, mid the demands a our large and increasing population will be supplied dirge& hem ear own rednecks. The great Seellities kr the speedy unehippisr and delivery tie goods affords! by the extension of the Ni. Railway Pier , are bellbirds( to be kit and appreciated by the merchants. Ships of the urges tonnage een now lay alongside. • THE Passe IN Ausrastis.--A newspaper has been started at Sandhurst, under the same of the Bevadige Telegraph. At Geeleog the Advertiser Us a conmetiter, under the tide cf the Daly flew.. Thies an now three morning papwrisatiffe eveniog paper In Melbourne ; toi dailies at Ocsiong; tot at Balboa • two at Bendigo; and two at Batt balYla ethers p-M at intervals of two days idem, ihstimmeheer Mary ; Portland, Bel fast, Wansepelleh THE Elistftly TILIOHAPH IN A theenALlA. Telegraphki ennaradealicia is now all bet effected between New South Wales and Victoria—only a few miles of wire hawing to be erected Wows Alban, an the Murray, and Gultron. The line baa ales tea oteepheoll between bootee and Adelaide, the opted et llsoliAmitteNs ; but scene alight impeder:eine in • sakes et tbs. seat s hennaed the peak opining to be deferred for a few dart. When cos- sanitation is complete the event is tr be celebrated by the trenenitasion of compliments between the governors of the respective colonies. The distance Unversed by the line between Melbourne and Adelaide is ever 400 miles. The New South Wales Legislature an entertaining favourably the proposition of the Engliah °unsay for the formation of • submarine telegreph between Great Britain and the Australia. The able intended for submersion beneath Base's Straits so as to comet the island of Timm& wide the rest of the atomise, la now in anima manthelene to Raglated. The line of telegraph between 01:3s. sad Cap Geway has not yet been pat to atesji. Oat wiR reedy by the dme.the cable arrivee. th• city of Viebods long been in full onnettudeatien, sata eat" with ong evonizeat her interior towns, but with enteed Ie on the Communicationis likely to be iambi Unrest Mynas, Adelaide, and Sydney before the okra of the par .—my Morning Herat JIM. 10. RAILWAY IVIDENDE IN AMITHALIA..—Shere. holders In British railway companies will appreciate the FFitton of some of their Australian contemporseles, after a perused the half-yearly report of the Meantime sod Una e Bay company. That thriving corporation made a profit on the half-year ending gist Hey, of 29,9721 17e. 6d., or at the rate of nearly 19 per oast. upon the pald-up capital of the company. The meeting took place on the let, and • dividend of 14 per cent was declared, the surplus to be oar ried to the polite of flee earned hid,. year. The total receipts dusiag the period amounted 10 7, 0231 . 14 e. — MeiFerffrat herald, Jane 16. FATAL DAUB OF A 8010ICAL EIPERISIENT.—We feast to learn that the paint as whom Professor Syme performed the novel and difficult operethan for the care of sanest of the tongue by eacialon, on &garde', and of whole ultimate recovery the highest topes wets eatertalned, died at the Royal Lateran es Thursday eftwoote. The name of the pineal was Charles Retches. He wog about 58 yeas of arm was a shoemaker, sad, as we fiwinerly mentioned, belonged to Northumberland. He undyed to be of • good (oaths- Um', and, notwithstanding the eloareire hemorrhage which ' attended the operation, did not seem to be greatly a:hooded by It, and up till Theredsy morning he was considered to be geieg on welt. From that time, beware, he gradwellyeank; and lull, wired about eve o'clock In the afternoon. Pro tenor Spat watched the cue with the preheat intern to the end, and lied the pe3ent newly all the time with *own lasea 4 a.-141140t1h Cfith" 4 ' • " ; ; ; ,5 I- 7. 1' , 31: -~'iai GRI42 WEBTERN 22.41LWAr. IiALI , YEAALT Accouwrs. The half-yearly account, up to 30th June Let present a total capital receipt of 23,787,4761.65. 10d., and as expenditure of 23.223,7791. 13s. 6d., leaving, therefore, a balance of 683,6961. 13e. 6d. The following are the Items of the capital receipt and expentlitureup to the date mentioned :- The consolidated stock is stated at 8,161,1351. 6a. 2d. ; calla on Windsor Railway shares, 7,7841. ; Berke and Hants ex tension shares, 53,3321. ; and adeince on the same, 6,1601. The local subscriptions to Henley Railway have been 10,0001. ; the preference stock amounts to 4,779,0671. Bai $4., of which 1,341,979!. fs irredeemable 4 per met ; 129,000/. redeemable 4 per oent.; 1,780,4571. redeemable q per cent.; 1,289,0291. redeemable& per cent., and 229,6921.8 x. 3d. for advances redeemable under special agreement with parties so advancing. The amount received on debentures, loses, fin., tailgated at 10,779,1071. 13s. 6d. With respect to the ex penditure, there is pat down under the head of railways, &,., completed, the sum of 10,877,5321. 12a. lid., in addition Is which there is a balance of 77,3631. la. 3d. of estimated liabilities still otdatanding for liquidation. This expenditure applies to the Great Western, Oxford, Becks and Hants, and "ether lines," and for locomotive stock, &c. The Uxbridge and Henley Railways have had 167,9801. 19e. Bd. expended upon them, and the " Oxford to Wolverhampton and Dud. ley," which, we presume, is confined to the portion of the railway Wane Fenny Compton and Dudley, with the ex ception of the third line of rails which has been laid, bas cost the enormone sum of 6,729,2631. 2.. Id. There hes been expended upon the Wilts, Somerset, and Wey mouth Railway, 1,669,4741. 6e. 7d. ; on the Dideot deviation line, including new engine -house and sidings, 44,9531. 15e. 9d. ; on the narrow page rails from Oxford to Basingstoke, 136,3721. Os. 4d. ; on the western fork at Reading, 33,6641. lc ltd.; on Reading Junction Railway (narrow gauge), 6,2301. 3a. 10d.; on bridges in lien of level canoeing', 15,6471.18 e. Id.; modem the Acton and West London Junction, 3,2061. Os. bd. The subscriptions and disburse ments for other undertakings are set forth-the sum of 1,976,6971. 7.., to which is to be added 844,2341. 13e. 105. for new rolling stock, 644,761!. Os. 7d. for the new station at Paddington, and 84,9591. 10e. 2d. for Bull's-bridge and other new station accommodation. The accounts include the capital receipt end expenditure of the Shrewsbury railways, as well as the revenue account of those railways for the past half-year. The total capital receipt of both lines is set down at 3,359,9111.75. Id., of which the aims received on loan for the company's separate objects have been 690,3321. 16s. &I, and the loans raised by them for joint purposes are stated at 219,2701. In addition to the gross receipt stated above, there is 160,2531. 18a. 10d. under the following heads To 1 accounts, including balance (73,6991. 16a. ltd.) personal tr Great Western account." The total expenditure has been 3,472,4681. Os. 11d., to which is added 63,6971. 6s, ender the bead of " by personal amounts and sands of the company." The revenue of the (heat Western lines foe the lost half-year has yielded in the chap, of trans 718,0171. 17., 10d., %bile the rent received for the Bristol and Birmingham Company, including dividends on Chelten ham and Gloucester trumped, the use of plant by other companies, interest on cash balances of the revenue account during the half-year, rent of Great Western Hotel and other estate., cottages, &c., including property on the Eh , mitigham lines and registration fees, make up a total receipt of 744,4461. 16s. 2d. The working expenses, including government dirty, rates and taxes, arid parliamentary and legal expenses. amount to 320,8301. Bs., leaving a balance of 423,6161. Bs. 2d. The revenue account of the Shrewsbury Railway shows a total receipt for the past half-year cd 106,6631. 13s. 105., and an expenditure of 72,5691. 124. loavinor therefore, a balance of 32,948/. Is. Id., to which b added 9,2601. receivable on seemant of Wolverhampton high level station expenses, including interest on the oat.sinee January, 1854, or together 42.2341. Is. Id. Bat against thin there is on the debit side 20,2771. Os. 9d. Wanes of Interest paid on debentures, loans, &c., and 48,9871. 16e. for dividends for the half year on preference shame and teed stook and shares, making together 69,2641. 16a, ~ Loving there ' fore a sure of 27,0301. ls. Bd. to be paid to the Shrewsbury shareholders out of the Great Western earnings for the past half-year, and which will be found so charged in the general revenue account of that company. The revenue account of the Kennet and Avon Canal for the past half-year shows a net profit of 2,7401. 3s. 7d., which will be found on the cre dit side of the general revenue account alluded to. From the general revenue account, it appears that after payment of all liabilities and preference charges, the balance disposable amongst the owners of ordinary stock is 37,1741. 6s. Id., while the amount on which dividend is payable is, in the analysis of the consolidated stook end Arms capital ap pended to the amount., stated to be 8,237,276/., eo that the company are able to pay a dividend at the rate only of some three-quarters per cent. per annum for the half-year._._ Of' this 37,1741. (the profit for the past year), 20,2521: it brought forward from last December account, so that the atonal net surplus applicable to dividend on the ordinary' share capital is 16,9[21. only. Daring the half-year then has been an inmate of 186,3.361. in debenture debts. JUSTICI TO THE JEWS.-BANQUET AT : USWORTH BALL. David Jonsatkohn, Esq., of Haworth Hall, enter:• tithed at dinner, on naffed., last, a large party of neigh.:. noun and Mende, invited to join with him In cornutsterr rating the completion of civil and religious liberty by the' gaming of the Jews Bill. The banquet was of the rimer sumptuous description, and the meeting to both Jet thd). Chrlstian assembled under the worthy host's hospitable rootii was ass of great interest and gratification, showing, es r did, that the elevation of our fellow-subjects, the Jaws, that position In the state—to that perfect equality, both chit • and religions, to which they are so justly entitled, and which they had been so long denied—is calculated in every way to promote mutual confidence and co operation, h strengthening' and consolidating that atroegert of t all er :l watts of a constitutional government, the moatmeons ant. unbought allegianos and attachment of a united amid NIP" tented people. Perhaps one of the moat gratifying Incidents tithe was the hearty concurrence in its object and in the V,, of ita donor, which was engraved by the Rector of W ' ington (the Hon. end Bev. L W. Denman), who, ithiet - congratulating the Jew on the justice that had been km them, bore testimony to the alacrity with which NW Jonamohn assisted him in those efforts which, as a pariah ; priest, it was his duty and his pleasure to make for ameliorating the social condition of the large population in . whose midst he had been located. So honourable a testimony from a Christian minister, sitting at the local hoard els - Jewith neighbour, to the worthiness of his host, and free tho eon of one of the greatest of English judges, to the justice et.. the Jewish claims, was a triumph indeed for both—to demi Chriation whose exemplary character could commend swit d eo-openatioa, and to the Jew whom) truly-religious peinciple amid supply it. The address of Kr. Jonaseohn, in returning thank, &WI his lasaßh bed been drunk, wits feeling and foreib:e-ad lass as an exposion of gratitude to those who, through evil report and through good, had all along supported his his fellow-religionists in their claim for justice, than as an assurance that the Jews as a body, although firmly &Maid and devoted to the ancient faith, are implicit believers &an t efficacy of that charity, in its most extended masa, Christianity teaches, and in the gismos of which cont;a7o ties may he said to be unblessed. Among the or 'v who had the pleasure of partaking ci Mr. Jonamobie• • and v - • with him in the company v.. hosptality, . uniting t0c05a55......-stke to which they were invited, wee, elides tom' a Rector of Washington, the Mayor of Booth Shield., Ik. Peva, of Eightsa Cottage (coroner for Chatter Ward), MA . ; Simon (barrister), Alderman Philips" Mr. Elliott, Mr. ,; Clay, Mr. Eidson, Mr. Brockett, Mr. Moore, Mr. Daglisha t Mr. Otani, &c., who were all delighted with so happy and — auspicious • cslebration.—Gatorltra Odserver. is .: ar t i ! i t . 1 27 • I d AREA to BLZ FA beceute MILY.—Di tlmab happy t happy chancel 1 ~ reepeotable 1 who was born in a cartes° bland, which is pronounce7ot the first gem of the owes by, no doubt, impartial joists 410 maritime jewellery. The Mertes which that permit !WI parted to me regarding his relatives who inhabited the pia:•;3, above meetiosed, ware such as mad to make my 3 , ,,i blood curdle with honor, in think there should he se 1, wickeder' in the world. Every crime which yea as t. of the antireTen Commandments broken ie a gassed "mesh' t i , sash rogueries and knaveiles as no story-teller could lid. . vest; es* murders and robberies aa Thutlell or TM* star so zL e zver srpetrated • wen by my informant accerreal sod freely related, respecting his esseast biserit4 le asy use who eh= to hear him. It *as a woad* hew any of the family still lived oat of the has Wit brother Tina had brought Ye Ilawther's gres lashe Alt e sorrow to the 'reeve; rue bleeper Mak had 991011dfilt• it parah cher* npaytedly ; ms Ammer,* am Prairl the Caritas sad runoff with the • firgeiliz i mothsa's rig, aid Mole iheepoese, 9 boy. was baeged for. The family, of AD111114.10 , ei:4011110 compared to the race of 0' Whatayseslieek, ken ~ N al) hided "prang; but no power on ml► voslik, ef seasillke 11l indeee ma to name the =Wry whence he asses lira glagit.vo this used to bt my nay sat gment to fled them IDID‘Zt V ragrA tro parr ai kides, habitual forgers of bills of so every now and then writing to each e o z illet n esn'ilrl dearest er," "my dearest sister ," and for montswo Ea tints !Wag on the moat amicable terms! With beniS l Z taw lag with the blood of his murdered parents, Tim . el mix a screeching tumbler, and give Maria a glom from 11. • el With lice black with the perjuries In bad, sworn la t a respecting hie grangmothere abstracted Seaford, or ~ ...1 murder of hie brother Toady's helpless orphans, ~ ut would kiss hls Julia's booby cheek and they a n k haws t, and ay as they talked about old thiZit. d : Castle Whatdyet&illeat where dm „ 9.4 **flag Onetyooeth Bing guard:mad ..a fr o ; 46 lllt=sieg fur Cjaroloine, and the tomb A (who had chayted thee, opt of a 4 • 1111.21110 her soul ! They used to weep tit she at meeting and puling, that It was $Oll . 1 fag It . non. At the eight of their embraces one ice- { gat allefirldigal little stories, sad those repeated previous atrium ibii, did they tdl all, aw l , Sega hang tech aim loasi.- 1 4/fi } *thliftr, 7 4 IN , F; • - " t : , . P