The Express. — London, England, 1849-05-29 00:00:00

THE COURT. 0111tORNt, MONDAY, MAT 28.—The Queen and his Royal itighness took their usual walk in the park this 1101"85 : TN nine* of Wales sad Prineass Royal and Me younger branches of the royal family walked sad rude in the grounds of o.borne. Torre rue no 'dentin' M the royal diaper party. The Rev. .1. Prothares performed the service sad prowled Offee• IS WhiffiehllMl Church yesterday morning. The ease sad the Peals awl the ladies and gentlemen of be royal letsseheill Masada the servile. ea Jaws Clark left Osborne yesterday for Landon. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, attended by Lady Augusta Bruce, left town at hall past nine o'clock ;My morning for her residence, Programs house, ai a r d . Rev Royal Wihnms returned to Clarances-heats, St. loam's, in the afternoon. Their Royal Highne saes the Duke and Duchess of Casbeiar. end Ow Priories Hamad the Hereditary Grand Tha i v d Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg Strelits, arrived at Cambridge-home, Piccadilly, yesterday afternoon ' from zoo. The Dashes* of Cambridge and the lienditaryGrand Dalmatia Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg Streik: MAMA her Rees' Highness the Duchess of Gloucester, at Gloucester/- bents, after their arrival. His Royal Highness Prince George attended Ever ettnee, c• Sunday, in the Chapel Royal, St. Jones's. Despatches were sent off yesterday evening from the Colanial-ollieo, tel the GOVITZKIe of the Mauritius. °PIRA COMIQUB, Bt. James's Theatre, was last 'miss &graded by the Turkish Ambareador sad ,it., the Duke of D.vonetline, the Duchess of Leeds, the Marchioness of Doe/nails, the Countess of Lichfield, this Marquis of Demo, the Count and L‘dy Cecil de la Feld, the Ent of Pertarlieptaa, Viscount Clifcbro, Sir Job' Lyster Kaye, Lady Q•teatie, Lady Jodrell, Mrs. Camelia, sad party, Sir Diary lieu. BONIEST 01 PLATS.—On Sunday morning, daring the shines of the hail, at church, tko house of M. Malt yaw, wider, of the late Alderman Musgrave, in Park. L.eds, was emend by means of fess keys, nerd febMa of frost 70 to 110 pieces of slim plate, comprisiog forks, table and tendpoons, silo ., besides 23 sovereigns, which the thit fogad en ransackiag drawen sad with which they t clam off. A person who lives in th e neighbourhood adssentd two was eater the house, one having his bat off, and the Muer a glove is his hand, and a woman was also ob- Weed patrolling in trait for rune time. fa the course of the day two sea, who gave their names Ws. Bunts cad Bealamin Woolley, and a woman eallieg herself Mary Lucas, were apprehended is a pubic-house, on suipkion of being the rally puttee. Buns at first said that the woman was Ads win ; bet she herself said that she was the wife of Wm. Lacs., and that she had left Liverpool by the 8 o'clock train that mining, in starch of her husband, who, she had heard, was at Leeds, but she did not know what time she arrived. On seenttlag her 34 son., 12s. in silver, a gold watch, and a molly amend ring were found, bat no trace of the stolen Ferny. They won ytaterday esamined before the Leeds maglessees, whoa a police= on said he bad 'i.e all the threr together beim and after the time of the robbery= Sunday. They wore, la essaiiqunce, remanded for further esami amiss. - - APPREHENSION or BCROLAH9. —On Saturday Watt last, m Mr. Benjamin Gill, stonemason, was return fag home with Mrs Gill to his residence in Caakerwell•lne, Ueda, he uh.e reed a string* man leave his premises, when' he thought tit to follow, but had not gone ter before tht Run, weal that he was tricked, leapt a wall and began to ran. tolioeial by Mr. (Sill, and was even colly arrested in his pr gee's. ire gave his name Henry Peaks, from Hull, sad wee eventually conveyed to prison. Whilst this was going on Mrs. Gill approached her dwelling, and, to her surprise, m + a man triniu.:h the window in the house. As the house had been lock:d up safely early in the even fag an alarm was gives, and the door was held to prevent the sun ese..Pat till • watchman arrived, when the man, who gave him acne William Kaye, was ta k en Our, cu s tody. Wino sake 1 what he was doing there, he said that he had invited by a man to go in and take a glees of wine. He was likewise conveyed to prison. In the roost when IC,ye was bond thee wee also found a bundle of wearing appara %baiting to Mr. and Mn. Gill, which had evidently bras pecked up for the purpose of being conveyed away. Danny the prink of Peaks • noise was heard. ae of tits falling of • bush of kis, and, on searching along the route he ha take's, a couple of picklocks were found, u well es a put of makings, which bad been taken from Mr. 01:1's h^use. Yestarhy the two men were es trained before the Leeds magtstra•es, by whom they ware committed for trial for the karglery. - • - LORD BROCOBAM IN LLD.—There is a story cur rent that sdms short time since a whole army of ' Lord Brougham.," (negated is lead and of colorant proportiono, disembarked in the United Sates, and were drawn up on • public go w la two lints, resembling an avenue of Egyptian 'tattles. The Custom-house officers were lost in wondi rat the sight of to many giants turning up their noses at Brother Joasa, and inquired what the monster importation meant. " Statues of lord Brougham," replied the skipper; one for every city in the UISIAI being the gift of his lord ship's Boglish admirers tr the American ft. public." Lead, as each, is •uttj. et to a hem import duty, but " works of art" are admitted free. What child the officers of Customs do ? They did not swallow the skipper's story, but they could not detain his suinv s; and in a .'tort time Loru Brou7t;sra wail in the soelting•pot, and "cast into bullets for the Mesicare."—Builder. - - SAVI‘Os BANKS AND EMIORATION.-.—NOlwith stinding the present depilated state of the country, it i• not •li tle eratitying to learn that on Tuesday th• Mat man 1,0001. were deposited in the Lincoln Ssvings• Beak, Mildly by farmers' servants. There were bklwise 6601. drawn out as the um • day ; and it is a carious face fiat Oat of the latter elm no less than 4001. were drawn eat by putks on the point of smigtating.—BirmingAsin Gristle, Da?AMINO or COLO.—Wednesday week, a young man, f comely an inhabitant of Nottingham, but who has re, enely resided in Lincolnshire, menespenied by an elderly man, 0.114 on Mr. Winter, the Duke of Newcastle's agent, and shawrel him a note he had obtained from the duke'. etewani, uieirg tint permiuion to dig in a certain plus in the c %tie yard, where tae man, in accordance with the dream twice repeated, was to dad a very valuable " crock o'goeill." On Friday morning the dreamer borrowed the acceptor, tools, and, attended by his companion, went to the place. He then took a his coat, and went to work with the seal of a Californian emigrant, cheered with the grave tapes Winn of fin line a treasure that would make him a rich sue fat the net of his life. Hard at work he continued in the' Vicky sandy sal foe upwards of an hour without the slightest anceeee.nothing bearing any resemblance to the wished-for " creek" having met his gut. When he had due all over the 'pat he was ((iced to admit the truth of the old saying, that " dreams go by contraries," and sa he and his com panioa diacatoolately left the place. The signs of ibis in gutty may be seen by sae one i awing the Coeds yard on the Toed to L•nton.—\ottiaghnes Jorrnat. BEATING A CIIILD TO I)CATII.—A labouring 111411, =mei Hulloway, lirlog in Kinaland-place, Southampton, has been tsk•a up for h•atina his child (a boy about ten years all to death, on Saturday last. The b I had been guilty o!some very tang offence, and his father best him with a ercser buckle and strap, and kicked him until he died. When the poor ehiil was dead, the brute trot the body to the hack of the house and planed water on it, in the h•pe of bringing it to life again. The man is a drunken, bad character, and has been in the habit of using his wife and child very cruelly. THE DERBT.—The real? t of this race, which eft sites such intend In the provinces as well as the metropolis, was telegrephed yesterday 'furnace with wonderful rapidity. The rue, which, es will be seen, was wan by Flying Dun's nee, is announced te be ran at half past two ; immediate), the result is despatched en the wi-p of nuaseraus carrier trained for the purpose (then Wog no telegraph t i er: n u n Epsom and London). Par the smog a cloud of Sow menengerhirds is seen, sad immediately each this air like a shot la the direction of its home. the goal of OMB being SUM the Channel. Those destined for LsnOin sped the digest'm penal' within hell an hour, and from the ilestrie Telptruide the intelligence was momentarily transaitted aver the greater part of the kingdom. The re melt of the nee was ressived re eznety at kaltpar. three. Thus, within the hour, the ram was nut (sad it frigaently ism not eammencs till tea or armee minutes after the time dated) tit win pi,coa remind Ps message, dew with it to Londow. the mysterious agency of the telegraph conveyed it here, and we are now enabled to announce it to our 'advs.—Cabanas' Mercury. HOODLUM, Till 110118E-SWINMER or LINCOLN- Br tan.—Sona months ago, it will be remembered. we gave in oar supplants: a wiry interesting noolust of Richard isociles , , .1 farmer alk tha U..olarliru mat, having eased the lives of wand ofilpwrscked peening by acts of almost =Tara Wed daring. The aecoutit was copied from Cham bers' ./.irr,ed. A few dap sin Noodles allot upon us with lb. intirrnatioa that the British and Forelpi Bailors' Society had presented Na., through Meson. W. and R. Chambers, with a 101. sate, as • mark of their espealal sotianatiJa at his brave philanthropy. Biec the account we copied from Chseekre' Jesroesl was inserted, we understand noodles, bee beta inairmaitatal in saving several more livis.—Huil Parket. Tao DeNdOW FlREs.—The lab Ares, whisk have caused as peat a satiation in the pbes, have hum marked with lot . e as iszlnanlinary a rose& From strinadomaso that hem tamspind there appear Is, he Pep de m minds 101 • 1 1 0 'lift. et lay rat. as regards the ens en the pled= of IS,. Cate*. et the Base's's Read lan, that the nifbee was aJt of the tona l class of ineendiarii•—•4l en saw pined end half ranted labourer or amallasia.sball one of 'b• fine employed for the preened= ef sole as rd aL other off tees against the lase via , a polies ellese. Oa Tans day Co .rte. Drake, o ne o f the musty emlabidairr i wr sr praier.ded, gad, after an cianainatio• balm the Rev. H. L. Ideleaula, die ms, was remanded for farther hearing.— Less Piper. DEsTRCCTIVB FIRE AT TRORVIRTON.—It is with deep r last we sleet that the farm hopes and a considerable part of the extensive out-buillinp at Chapel Bt. Martin, in W pr'sh of Thcrvertan, the of that entr tprising serekol•ueist and cyder enereho P t= Thomas Kingdos, has bees d's r ire() by firs, which broke oat about eight o'clock ea the Licht of Friday last. The dimes spread with a fear ful rat id iv, extending to the adjacent thatched build ings And thence n the dwelling house, which with many owbuild bp snit much valuable property, is destroyed, a peace' only of the fu niter. being save.), an.l much of this more or lea dune, :. The origin of this destructive tire is not known. —tiseter flying Peet FINANCIAL AND PARLIAMENTARY REFORM. MEETING AT LUTON. A esineeees public =Min et the newly-farmed 'Mai (B*disidl) RAM ASINIMIMII• wee held on Friday erselag tat at the Town Hall of LONA Then were about 400 people present, amen whom were most of the leading men of this thriving little town. Mr. C. H. Lsyrurous, of WheatharomMeng. _mowing Mg di s t r . The CHAIRMAN awned to the report published by the amen of the ll Parliamentary and Finansial 'Hallam Asseeineism i = been read to the meeting by *LSI. maim obi swain to the Lutes misty, and emigre tithing Melodeons apes Oa step taken is their neighboar bed omnivores treanas greet same. Ashes', many femme Ors went, he wadi rewind Ulna that Mrs permanent isms me wan irlhaelably bored up in Use objects of this aredellem (Haar, bear) There were two distinct objects BOUM le adifillll4l.l MOW ani *Send ft- MP% adveseri WOE aresiatien_ ; and, on the other hand, the amt mil era Amble deelebtes pcoponded the other dots the HeR el Commenm (Hear, Wm.) The chair men then went on to eminent oo the heinousness dm attempt upon American independence, and of the ab surdity and injustice of our long straggle with Franco in Use hopeless am to establish an impossible legit. The *airman nest mewled to point out the prog ramf direct to indirect taxation, from real property, to ankles of con sumption, whereby an Immense increase of oar annual ex. meditate had oreinei. (Rear.) He then came to speak elthe only seraitatienel remedy for this cult—vin., a better re preeestatiom of the people in t ile House of Commons. He resaladed doss that Ml - measures of improvement and eco nomy mad be sealed in that hones. (Hear.) He eon- Veiled theater/air of electors in five of the smallest bo wl* thee of five of the largest constituencies, sad Nat, as no proportion or harmony existed in the regemmatalles of the wows of the people, the voice of the kw marlhomeies was nentralised by the less Independent emelltmonsies of the emmllee boroughs. (" Hear and elossee.) He would take tie important manufacturin4 town of Lee" and inquire what share it possessed in the repeematneion of the country, except the small fusels, of influence is the county election it WOO it was notorious that the thriving and im pa of Lutes was at present as completely minted from having a voice in the legislature, as if it was a mere tenth-rate village. (Hear.) Now, unless they were wining to wait fur a new reform bill, which might give two 11.P.'s fin their borough, he conjured them to qualify for their own, and also for the adjoining counties, to look to the re gistratioo, and to emu the energies of their fellow towns. men to this good work. (Cheers.) This he believed to be the only coostitutional means of obtaiaing financial reform, and promoting the prosperity of their town, and the welfare of their beloved montry. (Chum) Mr LINWOOD, of the Metimplitan Parliamentary and Financial Ream Association, and who attended to detail We views of the council of that society, then addressed the meeting, and was warmly applauded throughout. The talowisg rescautton was then pat and unanimously Ivied to. Moved by Mr. JAMBI WALLIIi (an eminent sannoilieturee of Luton). secinded by Kr. J. MCIER, and "le=by Mr. Joan Ergairr, believing the Hones of Commits does not at primal represent the nand and industry of the country, and Mae** unequal add exorbitant burdens imposed by the Fsystem of taxation may be regarded as effects of class Were, this meeting is of opinion that suet an extension the franshise as will entre a full and felt representation of the people In the Commons House of parliament is nines any, both for the vinditation of justice and the attainment N economy in the regulation of the public ezpenditure." Mr. E. L. BRICKWOOD, one of the solicitors of the Beds Conservailve As, teiatioct, rore and nqursted permission t., offer a few observations. He agreed with the preceding speakers in thinking there wu a necessity for financial re 6rm, and that when government had involved itself in debt, it was precisely similar to an individual being in • state of bankruptcy, and this he seriously discountenanced ; their movement was a legit one, and be was not at all disposed to °ppm it: he was, on the contrary, in favour of a --trenchatent in the national expenditure, but - would be - for an reform also he thought it . a policy . ciations to discountenance the expression of harsh epithets to parties who might disagree with them in senti ment, as such a cour,e would have • prejudicial tendency, and he strongly suggested to tbc Metropolitan Reform ARS(/- ' (dation is particular the sxj:ediency of condemning such pt endings. The second resolution was moved by Mr. BOSTEMB, of Hampstead, sad seconded by Mr. IV. Winn's, and carried unanimously: " That this ins• sting very cordially sympathises with the Metropolitan Financial and Parliamentary Reform Associa tion, and pledges itself to co-operate with its council in their efforts on behalf of progressive reform." Votes of thanks were then paned to the chairman and to Mr. Linwood, and the meeting separated. It is under tows that Luton has taken np the county qua lification movement very heartily, and purposes such mea sures as will give it a potential voice in the county e:ecticn. MEETING AT WALTHAMSTOW. A meeting of the Diettict Metropolitan Parliamen tary and Financial Reform Association was held in the Lecture Room, Walthcastow, on Friday, the 25th inst. The chair was oeeopied by REVHIN Duos, E.q., and tke meeting was addressed by Me ere. B•gms, Buckle, Clarke, Tenon (deputation funn the London I/Ma stion), and oth.n. Resolutions were paused approving the formation of the as nifty, and pledging the parties present to give it their sup port. The nestles was interested in the statements of the deputation, end it is holed Bait t' is first meeting of the kind :n this village will be the prelude to others, and the means of rime slum in bringing about the end the society has in view. HORRIBLE DEATH OF EMIGRANTS. From Quebec, March 12, we learn tie follpAing distressing facts:—Cap'. Marshall, of the barque Nicaragua, from Gloucestn, arrived this morning, brought up part ef the crow and some of the passengers of the brig Hannah, Shaw, of Marypnrt, sailed from Newry the 3rd of April for Quebec, and which came in collision with the ice at four o'clock on the morning of the 29th of April, when the pas sengers w. re in bed, foundering in about 40 minutes atter. The uptuin, lot and 2nd mates, and a few others left the ship in the life-boat immediately on finding that their ship was going down. Capt. Marshall reports:—April 20th, paw d through afield of ice 50 miles S.E. of St. Paul e; from the above date was de tained by the ice until the 2nd May, when Cape Rs y bore S E. by E. d,stance 27 miles.—April 29, strong gale 15.‘E and thick of sleet, ship laying to windward of the lee ; at 6 30 p.m., the snow cleared awe:, when I discovered a flag of distress on the ice, made sail and prepared to take the ke, by putting the keit nders down ; at seven put the ship in the ice, and succeeded in getting about fifty two people on board, leaving a large number still on the ice. Cleared up ill sails and got a rope tint to a pan of ice, and suoueded in taking thirty more in the ship's long boat, which they found on the ice, asking in all 129 passengers and six seamen. No pen can describe the pitiable situation and destitution of these passenger—pants with lose of children, children with loss of payouts and they themselves all but naked, and the greatest port Of them frost bitten. lam informed that 5.5 Perished with the cold. On the 30th April, spoke the barque Broom, of Glasgow, who received on board 27 of the passen gers; also the Lord Byron, of Glasgow ' who received 17 ; and *sheens, Aldebaran, of Newcestie,22. On the tad May, spoke the barque Port Glasgow, of Poole, who received twenty more. Names of pus ngers still on board : William Anderson, wife and form children; William Tedford, wife and one child ; Alexander Thompson, wife and four children ; John Murphy, wife and four children David Gurwin and wife; Patrick McGill, Joe. Murphy and wife, Dr. Wm. Graham, Peter Mantilla*, orphan. Names of the seamen John OMn, John Smith, John Parker, Richard Marvin, Alex. Harris, and David Jordan. The Margaret Pollock arrived this morning, picked up by the muter and part of the crew of the brig Hannah ; also saw on the same day, another brig go down; crew saved by the brig Reward, of Sunderland. TREMENDOUS COBFLABRATIOM.—AIt =lenitive 00n filtration broke out this morning, shortly before two o'clock, in Willow-walk, Bermondsey, by whisk a vast amount of property has been Ledestro_ yed. The flaw ensameneed on the ?:belonging to Mr. Clapham , a tanner sad leather . The moment the discovery was made an alarm was given; but before assistance e Add arrive, the greater portion of the works were enveloped in flames. The engines of the London, West of England, and parish were quickly on the spot, as well as the fire escapes. The flames were then rotting to high as to illuminate the whole of the metropolis. As soon as water could be procured the whole of the amines were Pet to work, but in spite of the endeavours of the firemen the flames crossed the caniage road and fired almost simultaneously the extensive works of Mr. Hagman in the same line of business. These latter Inuld.ngs were equally capacious as the former. Mr. Inspector Frond, with a strong muster of police, were en the spot, and were reading the property removed as wallas keeping • spaol clear for the firemen to work. At three o'clock the dire wee still raging furiously, and it was extremely doubtful at that hour whether the fire• man would be able to confine it to the premises then on fire. A BEGGAR IN MASQUERADE.—A native of Wales writes to the Liverpool Mercury that he, a few days age, dietavered that a pretended Hinders, who entered a tavern our Clayton square, was a fellow countryman, who had eideored his fros and droned himself in chintz, the better to Mak alms. BARBAROUS MURDER AT SKIBBEREEN.—An cld woman was found murdered on Thursday evening, about the War et five o'clock, within half • mile of Bkibberean and shoot alongside the Rev. Mr. Webb's gate. The deceased wee eon about half an hour before that in company with a girl, by Miss Webb ; and on her fatten she met the same girl abut half a mile trout the place where the old woman was found murdered. She was removed to the workhouse hos- Mtal, where Doctor Demean was immediately la attendance, but life had departed. The skull me found Molten is to an extent sufficient to mom Mme death; sad en amnia. iag the spot whom the lady use hand, the pollee &Mini a stone about twelve s lathes bag, whisk lad bees teen eat oy the wall shove*. ghee where doomed lay, and which was covered with esa end hair. Three women answering somewhat the damigftea given by Kies Webb were sp re bonded a short time afterwards and remain in custody. The deceased was apparently a miserable, destitute creature . ; and the only probable conjecture of the murderer's mo tive is, that the deceased must have had nor meal In ber_possesston, for, on the body being found, the mou'h was stuffed with it, as if she had been eating it at the time she was murdered. — Cork Examiner. THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, MAY 29, 1849. THE TEA DUTY. The Liverpool Financial Reform Association thus continue their examination of the tea trade:— The argaments urged in favour of • reduction of the tee duty, by the House of Commons committee of 1847, sad by the witnesses which that committee examined, ere ergommts bearing with equal troth, and far greater force, in roar of the abolition of the duty. It was proved that a reduction of the tax of 2s. 21d. per lb. to le. would increase consumption of tea in Britain, and facilitate the sale of British manufactures in China. But by the same proofs the free import of tea would effect those desirable rettJts sooner, and in • larger proportion of in onian than the relative proportions of the puma high sad the proposed low duty. Evidence was addsod to prove that which not even the most obstinate unbeliever in free trade denies or doubts, namely, that tea is preferable to intoxicating liquors; that sodalcomfort, moral dignity, and intellectual strengt h arise and are extended through society wherever temperance lea& the way ; that tea is the genius of temperance, carry ing with it a tippler life wherever it entire 11 featly, and dislodges that thitf and tyrant which at mensal' away the brains and the money ; that tea is restrained in its regene rating minion by the heavy tax upon its use ; and that tf the tax were reduced it would Do more diciest as a moral agent for good. But hew much more would the abolition of the tax enlarge the moral agency of this u of life ? Let us glance et some of the evidence. Fine, at the proofs given by commercial witnesses that the tea duty is en over -1 powering enemy to the extension of British exports to Chins. Mr. Robert Gardner stated,—" 1 am a spinner and mann facterer, and have been • considerable shipper to China." "What have you felt to be the operation of the duty on your transactions?" I think it is man injurious; oar trade is limited only by our returns. As to the capabilities and disposiions of tbe ' Chinese I believe that if they had the means of paying for I them they' would take nearly all the goods that we could manufacture in Lancashire." _ _ This is a remarkable declaration, bat Mr. Gardner is speaking the opinion of many other experienced merchants, and ts referring to the requirements of three hundred mil lions of custernen, inhabitants of China. He continues : "It has been asked why we should continue so bad a trade; permit me to say that we never contemplated the present eta'( of things. We took the matter as certain that, after the Chinese had taken almost all the duty off our goods, cur government would have 'net them with • corresponding reduction. Anticipating this, we continued our shipments. Sir Henry Pottinger, when be was in Manchester, spoke mach about the facilities for extending our trade, and we still hoped that government would have remitted p art of the duty on tea. Therefore we continued to ship not what the Chinese could have consumed, lout to the extent we cond. doted they had the means of paying for. In consequence, the entire trade of 1846 has been most disastrous. There has not only been a lees upon all the gnoda shipped in 1846, but a great loss upon the returns. We anticipated, when the trade was opened, a very large and beaeficial inter course with China, but instead of which most bosses in the trade have suffered heavy lo sae It has been a most ruinous trade." The following statement of the east of calico in Manches ter and of tea in China is instructive ; it was referred to in Tract N 3. 3, but will bear repetition, now thet the Associa tion are going more folly into the question of the tea duty : " The runmittee," said Mr. Gardner, "have heard shirt less named. A piece of shirting, the cost of which, in Man chester, is from about 9s. Gil. tolls., according to the quality, oriel porchste twelve pounds of the average (1111111t7 of tea. The Chinese levy a duty upon that piece of shirting of 714.; and we levy upon the tea which we receive in ex change for it 26s 3d. Grey cotton shirting* Is one erten largest artic:es of export. Yon is the next largest snide. Upon yarn they levy a duty of near Sec-eighths of • penny p:r lb.; 12 lbs. of average quality of yarn, or one piece of avenge quality of shirtiep, will more than pay for 12 lbs. of the average quality of tea. I am econinced that a reduction of the duty might be made, if it were done judiciously, without any loss whatever to the revenue. " I Sad that in 1783, the duty was stout as. 84. the lb. In speekirg of the quality and the price of tea, the trade always alludes to one standard quality. This standard quality, in 1793, was 7.. 6d. to Bs. the lb.. ia eluding the duty, which was then about 3.. 4d. In 1784, the duty was reduced to 124 per cent. ad valorens ; conse quently, the price to consumers was from 3.. Bd. to 3s. 104. • and the consumption TON in one year from 4,700,000 weight to 10,159,000 lbs.; and the year after it was 15,8-51.000 lbs. In 1795, with;ei twelve years af terwuds, the consumption rose to 21,342,900 lbs. If the committee will calculate they will find that the public paid more wort for tea in 1784, at the price of 3s. 84. to 3s. 101., them they paid the previous year, when it was 7s. 6d. to Be. "Thee consumption of tea continued to increase more or leas es the duty was higher or lower, till last year (1846) it was 46,000,000 lbs. I believe if the duty were reduced from 2.. 244. to Is. 64., the consumption would be at lent 60,000,000 les. I take it fur granted that every Found extra consumed of tea would cause a consamption of 4 los. of sugar. This is the grocers' calculation for families who en in the habit of allowing two ounces of tea to eight ounces of sugar to each servant per week. • • • I believe it would give employment to 20,000 workpeople extra; and to at least 60 wants errs of 400 tons each." Mr. Gardner subsequently suggests that there should be a further reduction of the tea duty, at the rate of ', threspeure un g year, Del it reach. s simmee per lb. Rethinks the q used would be so much greater than it now is that there would be no defletrecy in the revenue; hut he reckon. the duty on sugar in his estimate, which is to be viewed not as likely to yield a certain revenue, increasing with the con sumption of tea, but rather as a certain hindrance to the use of tea. It has been proved by evidence not to be questioned, that many of the working population, etpecially in factories, drink their tea without sugar. Cheaper tea would indorse them to use it more freely than at present, but sugar taxed as now would only confirm them in the rejection ef it; am eequently the abolition, rather than the reduction, of the tea and sugar duties, b ecomes one question. This can only he effected by the substitution of direct taxation. Nor would the e .ntinuaace of the sugar and part of the tea duty admit of that large addition to the employment of chipping which would immediately follow their repeal. Nor would the coast-guard and custom-holm:system be lens expensive to the public, vexatious to the importer, and &morselling to the servants of commerce than they are now ; while the snit ence of the present revenue system is found to be a eafident teases, even with legislators favourable to the entire &brew tion of the navigation laws, for rittainirg the netrictioes upon the coasting trade; because they my, the presence of foreign vessels coasting on the British shores, though only te deliver cargoes carried from foreign countries., if out of the used homeward-bound track., would afford a cover f,r smuggling which the revenue (sailers could not detect. Whatever truth there is in this suppesition, it is an argument against indirect taxation and the revenue system. We have that commerce which is so deeply . interested in the freedom and augmentation of shipping cr ippled upon both sides, and shipping itself restricted to a limited trade under the name of being protected. Sugar, tea, coffee, and other taxed articles would spread fleets upon the ocean which do not yet exist, If these taxed articles were admitted free of duty. To ease unseen' from the bondage of the navigation laws, an effort is mule to repeal them ; hut the revenue system is de clared to be inernapatible with free navigation on the crane and the tax on near, tea, coffee, tobacco, wine, &c., demands the continuance of the revenue system. In another part of Mr. Gardner's evidence he is salted,— " Have you observed the effect upon the consumption of the working classes of a reduction of duty upon tea?" And answers,— " I believe it would be very great. I come a good dal into contact with the working classes, who have manifested greater anxiety for tea to be cheaper than they have does tithes about corn or sugar, or any thing she. Most factory Mods have a great taste fee it. flume seen them talc. It without either milk or sugar. It has come into such neiversal use became it requires no management in the smoking; it only requires boiling water, which theyean always obtain in a mill.' " It has been said that the consumption of tea leads to • nesumption of spirit'. Do you believe that to be the user " I believe the very reverse. If it please God we have • better trade,—that is, more work and better wager,—l think it very probable that the consumption of tea would be double in two years, if sold at a lower price." He then reverts to the losses upon the tea beereelni. through the nueertainty of commersial endusecm, eft in in China, sad says, " I amof opinion that if all dm las et present in this country were sole at the Tay Itlerbeet own rency of this day, it would leave to the importer a tine less of 6d. per pun" Mr. Walter Buchanan, partner in a hones in fibegow, trading for many years to Singapore. and in the practise el making remittances to China, stated that tea is slwsys tbe principal means of remittance from China, and that heavy losses had been incurred. He said, " I consider, as far eie China is concerned, that the limit of our trade with Chime' must be the extent to which we can consume tea and other Chinese produce." And he added that the taste for tea woo, in Scotland, en the increase. Mr. Farbridge, of Blanchester, largely engaged in the trade with China, stated, — "I do not believe there is any possibility of a farther ex portation of our manufactures to China without an alteration in the sync= of the duties; and I feet there an ao means of sending out oar manufactures cheaper." • " The amount to be taken by the Chimes is limited by their power of paying ? A. "Yes; it has got to a barter trade almost entirely." Mr. Turner , deputy - chairman of the Esse India and China Association of Liverpool, stated that his knowledge of the trade was priampdly as regarded the export of British manufactures to China ; the present position of the trade be considered to be very unsatisfactory. Goods an principally told for barter; if you sell goods for cult, he esid, you sell them at a very inferior price. The barter makes it a very lengthy trade. It is probably twelve or fifteen months before the returns are got home; and it is six or eight or twelve months more before those returns are realised. Q " Are there any other impediments to the trade betides those you have mentioned ?" A. " I consider that if the duty on tea were reduced, the trade would become a much more extensive one as regards the export of manafac'ured goods, and a more satisfactory one. I think the probability is, that if we took a much greater quantity of tea from the Chinese, as we should do under a diminished duty, the consequaes would be that they would take from us a meth larger quantity of goods. Our friends in China, who are well acquainted with manu factured goods, spoke of English goods as being liked by the Chinese, and that there was no doubt they would take a very large quantity of our manufactures." Almost every mercantile witness gives similar testimony but the scientific witnesses as to the deteri nrr tion of th e teas through the duty are hardly less important. We shall present an epitome of what the chemise' said in another 'action. OUR REPRESENTATIVE SYSTEM ASHBURTON. A very curious quaint old edifice is the market place at Asbburton. You may have read of it or admired it in prints; it is scarcely likely that you have the benefit of its personal acquaintance, seeing the remote region in which it is located. Ver y em blematic is it of the town of which it is the principal edifice, and the solitary adornment. Exceedingly tumble down and rotten is the whole place, generally and politically. Judging from its present state of rapid decline and decadence, another half century will suffice for its oblivion. Ashburton, at the time of the Reform Bill, was a borough the whip thought it well to preserve. Prior to 1830 its constituency had consisted of the Burgage holders of lands and tenements within the limits of the borough, in which the lord of the manor was Lord Clinton, and the principal proprietor Sir Law rence Palk. These two personages divided the re presentation between them, the latter obtaining a seat for himself, and the former exercising his influence far his father-in-law, Mr. W. S. Ponta, a whip At this period of the towns history there was a considerable cloth manufactory in the bo rough, and there being a strong feeling in favour of reform, one of the largest manufacturers deter mined to try the possibility of throwing out the tory representative. Colonel Torrens was brought down to accomplish this object. He succeeded at the elec tion in 1831, when the numbers were—for Poyntz, 74 ; Torrene, 47; Palk, 41. Had the town been tory, the whiga would pro lbably have put it in Schedule A, as they did other places of greater consideration. But as a Whig borough, they permitted it to retain the advantage of returnirg a single representa tive to parliament. Its members made some fight to save both seats. Colonel Torrens insisted that Ashburton vas "tie principal seat of a manufacturing population." Mr. Poyntz submitted that the import ance of the town had been very much under-esti mated. He argued that in the population returns of 1841 the manor of Holsinger had been omitted, which would give the place a considerable addition to its then estimated population of 3,400. These argu ments did not rescue the place from partial, but they saved it from total, disfranchisement. The census of 1831 gave the population of the parish of Ashburton at 4,001, and it took its place last but four in the list of English be roughs preserved from Schedule A. There is no one more acute in the House of Com mons than Lord John Russell. As a Devonshire member at that time, he, no doubt, had some local knowledge of Ashburton. It is curious to remark that in the debates about Ashburton, at the period of the Reform Bill, Lord John hit the blot respecting this borough, but refrained from following up the blow. When the members for Ashburton were talking loudly about the increase of the bo rough, Lord John quietly observed that " itseemed somewhat unaccountable that the population should have increased so greatly, with such little additi...n to the house property of the place." It was very remark able. Was it ignorance of the facts, or a desire not to be hard upon his friends, that induced Lord John to say no more? The legend goes that the town of Ashburton was Bayed from the total disfranchisement which must have followed the exposure of its real condition bythe accident of the census of 1831 being tekcn inf i ir time. The parish is very extensive, and trcops of g'pries, showmen, rope dancers, and vagabonds of all descrip lions, were lurking within its boundaries, and were enumerated amongst its " resident population." This was probably the Manor of Haleanger," on which one of the members laid 53 mueh strew. The gipsies gave Ashburton a representative in the Common, House of Parliament. Their charter was as effectual u that of King Edward I. In the first refermed parliament, Lamely, fiom 1832 to 1e35, Mr. Peyntz sat for the town without opposition. In the latter year he resigned Ashburton to sit for Midhuret, and was succeeded by Mr. Charles Lushingtoa. Mr. Lushington, who had a family friendship with an influential solicitor in Ashburton, was opposed by Mr. Henley Palmer, the city merchant. The estetituency at the time was 185. Of these IGO were polled, Mr. Lushington wineing by 89, to Mr. Palmer's 71. In 1837, Mr. Palmer stood for the city of London, and a Mr. Litton Browne C5lllO down to Ashburton. He was a barrister, resident at Norwich, where he had been chairman of Scarlett and Stormont's committee, at the infamous election of 1835. The Aehbortou tories, following the example of the people of Totness, had made emu" Heaney voterie" in the preceding year, and though the same thing had been done by the liberals, and the constituency thereby augmented, Mr. Lush ington ha 1 a narrow squeak for the era+, the numb re being for Lushington 98, Browne 87. At both these contests a good deal of money was spent in treating; more, probably, upon the tory side than on the liberal. Probably Mr. Lushington'e dislike of such practices, and his inability to spend the large sum which seemed likely to be required fcr such purposes, combined with his very bad state of health to induce his retirement from the representation in 1841. In that year it was expected that Mr. Horsley Palmer would again take the field. He did not do so, but his partner, Mr. Mackillop, came down and can vassed the constituency. It was thought necessary to meet Mr. hlackillop with a not less wealthy and influential candidate. Mesas. Palmer, Menkillop, and Co. are Esst India merchants, so the Ashburton people met them with another firm, Messrs. Jardine, Matheson, end Co, trading with Hong-Kong, Cum singmoon, Shaeghae, and all sorts of places in China. The late Mr. David Jardine was the memberofthisfirm selected to oppose Mr. Mackillop,.and these two gen tlemen fought the place upon principles of the most extensive liberality. The 3,300 inhabitants acquired on this occasion a full appreciation of what is meant by civic hospitality and oriental wealth. They proved themselves, under such influences, almost insatiable. The more they gut the more they wanted. The tory party have the reputation of having commenced the corrupt practices on this occasion by offering compa ratively very small inducements early in the can- tut. The recipients to sooner got all they could from them, - than they went over to 'he other side, made a full disclosure and got double. With a due sense of moral principle, they then went back to "their own party," as they called it, and re melted firm to their colours, until they bad got as much more as they could extract out of them, when they instantly went over a second time, in a state of extreme dissatisfaction, to the Whigs. This sort of oscillating process was repeated very . frequently, until at last trick began to be met by trick. When votes had risen to a great price, the parties began to take some security, by paying in bills. Some time after the election a tremendous to-do was made by one of " the free and independent" about a document of this sort in his possession, professing to have been given " for value received" on the day of election, and to represent a sum of 501., payable two months after date. On a minute scrutiny of the document, how ever, it appeared to be only legally recoverable two months after death, and consequently the elector was put out of court. The practices at this election reached their height on the night before the nomination. It was then fund by Mr. Mack lbp's friends that he could not 'marbly win, if it was possible to win at all, without an expenditure of a van considerable additional amount in bribery. Mr. vary in consequence drove over to Exeter on a little private business; and from Exeter he went to London, from whence he did not return. Mr. Jardine unexpectedly found himself unopposed at the nomination. But he had raid dearly for his whistle. His expenditure upon this occasion is esti mated at more than 4,0001.; the tory party dropped nearly . 2,0001. This is at the rate of 30s. per heed for every man, woman, and child in the place, including the bedridden and infants in arms. In 1843 Mr. Jardine died, Mr. James Matheson, his partner, came down to the town immediately. The I tories sent up for Mr. Horsley Palmer or Mr. I MaerciEop. The latt-r gentleman " reepectfullr de- dined ;" the former " would be very happy to sot tor' the borough if elected, but regretted that his other avocat:ons precluded the possibility of his personally entering upon the contest." Shrewd men of the world are Mears. Palmer, Mackillop, Dent, and' Company. There wag great vexation at Ashburton when it was found to be imp ossible to get up a contest upon bribery. It was consequently determined to get up an nppo.ition upon " principle." The tories put Mr Horsley Palmer in nomination, and as there was nothing to be Rein e d in particular by voting ether way, they got 96 electors to plump for kim ! You BRIM i HUSBANDRY. may take it as • fact that the "strong coneeroative feeling " displayed on this occasion made Mr. Maths , son rather look about him. He polled 141, but his agents told him that the other side could not poll 40,, and the fact of their being able to bring up 96 wee a little alarming. And here let it be recorded that the entire cost of this election to the tory party, who polled 96 votes, I was 181. That includes every legal and constitutional expense—plateads, hustings, returning officer's fee, and everything else. It shows what the cost of an election ought to be. And yet, only two years before, 8,0001. had been sunk in this very place without a vote being polled! Mr. James Matheson made h'mself rather popular in Ashburton. Mr. Jardine had pledged himself "to support the trade of the town, " aid had ordered a great quant:ty of woollen cictha " suitable for the China market." In 1843 the order was in progress of completion. It was the last spark of trade in the place, and the poor souls there were grateful to their benefactor. (Concluded Gam the Brows of May 26.) One of the greatest obstacles opposed to the ad vancement of agnculture in England, arises float the prejudices and want dt knowledge on the part of the owners of land. On this point Mr. Stephecs says: The expectant landlord should undergo tuition in his pro fession as wall as the youth of any other. But, instoeu of the farm field, the camp and the bar seem to be the fa vourite arenas for the young scions of the gentry to pursue their youthful career. These are highly honourable profes sions, and conduce to form the character of the gentleman, but are seldom followed out by the young squire. The mo ment he obtains the command of a company, or walls the parliament house fora seseisa or two, he quits the public ureic*, and assumes the fashion of an Incipient c iuntry gentleman. In rural life he becomes enamoured of field sports; but, should these prove too rough for his taste, he leavts the country, travels abroad, pi radventure in search of sights, and returns home with new ideas of men and manners. Now this course of life is quite unexceptionable in itself, but in pursuing it to the neglect of the most important part of his duty—that of learning to become a good and efficient landlord—it is repre hensible. Even though he devotes himself to the proteseion of arms or the law, and thereby confer[ distinction on him self, if he prefer either to the neglect of agriculture, he is rendering himself unfit to undertake the duties of a landlord. To become a soldier or a lawyer he wil ihgly undergoes ini tiatory drillings and examinations ; but to acquire the duties of a landlord before he becomes one,he considers It quite unneces sary to undergo initiatory tuition. Theee be conceives mho learned at any time, and seems t s forget that the conducting of a landed estate is a profsasion as difficult of thorough attainment as ordinary soldiership or legal here. One evil arising from studying those exciting professions before agri culture is, that however short may have been the time in as them, it is sufficiently long to create a distaste to 1. am agriculture afterwards practically—for such a task can only be underteken slur the turn of life by enthusiastic minds. But as farming is necessarily the profession of the landowner, it should be learned theoretically and practied'y before his education is finished. If he so incline, he can afterwards enter the army, or go to the bar, and the exercise of those professions will not efface the knowledge of agri culture previously acquired. This is the proper course in my opinion for every young man destined to become a landowner to pursue, and who is desirous of fiudirg em ployment es long is he has not to exercise the functions of a landlord. Were this course invariably pursued, the nume rous engaging ties of a country life would tend in many to extinguish the kindling desire for any other proles ion. Such a result would be moat advantsoous for the country ; for only consider the effects of the course punned at present by landowners. It strikes every one as an incongruity for a country gentleman to bo unacquainted with country affairs. Is it not strange that he should require inducements to learn his hereditary profession—to come Cimilior with the only business which can enable him t, en hance the value of his estate and increase his income? Does it not infer infatuation to nrgleet becemirg well ac quainted with the condition of his tenants, by whose exertions his income is raised, and by which knowledge he might confer happicess on many families, and in ignorance of which he may entail listing misery on many mere ? It is in this way too many country gen•lemeu n: elect their moral obligations. Nor can it be expected that men who know nothing themselves stout the management of land, should be always very happy in the choice of their land-agents. And the agricultural pupil should record as well as observe; he should bear in mind Lord flacon's saying, that, as reading makes a full man and conversatiou a ready man, 143 wvitit g makes an exact man. Now, a want of exactness is one of the ordinary failings cf farmers. They have not, in gene al, the pen a the ready writer, and do not acquire the habit of record ing more of the business of their farms then their re ceipts and payments : some not even so much. To correct this the young farmer should commerce life with the determination to keep a full aid accurate ileum]. He should describe tho operations of the form day by day, as they actually occur, singly and in suceession; and the affects of the weather fur the time on the fi-.lus and their product. End on the .condition of the live stock. He should notice tv.ry remaik,ble oecumeic° of heat or cold, rain or drought, agitteible or unple'csant feel ing in the' air; tie state of the atmosphere; the particular effect of rain or drought, Feat or c Ad, in retarding cr materially altering the !allows of the field, and the It net of time sand quantity of rein re quired to produce such an effect; as well as the in fluence of the so on the health or growth ef plants, and the comroit and condition of animals. He should note the time esch crop is committed to the ground, how long it takes to appear above ground. when it comes into ear, and the period of harvest. He should make an estim eta of Vex produce of a crop before it is gathered, and observe how far his estimate is justified by the result. In the same way he should estimate the weight of cattle and sheep by the eye at different Tenteds f th e ir growth,snd cheek the tri by measurements. He should le.cp a le ' tinter of every field; note the quantity of labour it lame received, the manure applied and the crop sown, with all the de cuenstarees attending these operations; ht him ascer tain number of the ridges which make en Oct, in each field. The use of tabular forms for many of these fame will be found convenient. Full and accurate account+ must be kept, and in such form en will enable the farmer to distinguish the c sot of the dif ferent departments of his business. iSe must every year take stock about the end of autumn, and the more complete and comprehensive the summary he then makes, the more advantageously will he com mence the work of another year. Where a young farmer has undergone such a pre paratory self-training, he has secured for himself Dome of the main elements of success in after life ; and if he will be careful in commencing huninese to take a farm not too large for his capital, and will be reason ably frugal, be will be more certain to obtain com fort and competence (though not, pa shops, fortune), than in any other walk of life. Having dealt with this preliminary and all-impor tant pare of the subject, Mr. Stephens cemmences his description of farm weeks, with those of winter. This is the season when live stock demand much and con stant attention ; when the dabbles must be ploughed if not done in the previous autumn ; when land draining and the clearing of ditches must he effected ; and during which the whole ache me of the year should be carefully made, not merely with reference to what is positively best to be done, but with refe rence to the farmer's wearies of accomplishing what ho desires to effect. It is at this time that the farmer will reap the fruits of previous diligence, if he has 'mired an abundant supply of roots for his stock, or will be hourly vexed by see ing his animals short of food, and in an unthrifty condition ; if, through want of promptitude, skill, or resolution during the previous lb months, be finds himself in the winter and spring without an ample provision of roots. In fact, the It happened that about this time the property of Sir Lawrence Palk in and adjacent to the borough was brought into the market. It had been offered to Lord Clinton's agent for 20,00 W. He tendered 17,0001., which was refused. About 7,000/.'s worth was then sold by public auction in lots. No in-To of it could be got off easily in that way. So Mr. Matheson stepped In and bought all the remainder. This prep , rty gives direct influence over from 20 to 30 voters, and of wane its possession confers con siderable additional influence indirectly. This is a great power to exercise amongst so small a consti tuency. Mr. Matheson is further rendered all-potent in the place by having allied with him the only other active influences. Thew are his agent, Mr. Tucker, a sul'citor, and the family of Counter, in whoa the manufacturing business of the town settled when there was any exieting in it. The trade of the district having now gone from it almost eotie ely, the influence of the latter is probably decreasing; but Mr. Tucker, on the other hand, is very influential. lie is the managing man for the liberals in the county, is of respectable family, and held inconsiderable esteem by the party throughout Devonshire. In Ashburton nearly everything that has been done or is doing begins and ends in his office, and we all know what power that gives at an election. Messrs. Matheson, Tucker, and Caunter united are as strong in Ashburton as the other firm of Matheson at d Co. are in China. But it nevertheless cannot be concealed that, as things stand at present, the borough has relapsed into as bad an electoral system as ever existed in the old tory days, when Sir Lawrence Palk returned himself on the strength of Mr. Matheson's present property. The people are beginning to see and feel this, and biter are their complaints in cons, - quence. At the last general election Mr. James Ma theson stood for Ross-shire, of WI ich he is a native and a deputy lieutenant, and where he has large se: germ Another Mr. Matheson c tote to AshbuVon. The difference between the two was not clearly under ' stood at fast, end when it was there was not a little grumbling. This soft cf turning the town over to one', brother within twenty years after the Reform Bill and during the lives of the very first generation of 10/. householders, surprised even the inhali.tante of Ashburton. But there was no help for it. " Their late hon. member's brother" was elected without op pmition ; anything of that sort would have been we lees. As a gentleman on the spot emphatically in fermi us, " the place is now as close as wax." Yon will find the reflecting portion of the Ash burton community very noxious at this time either far disfranchisement or for the amalgamation of their borough withTotnoes. It is very clear that the place ought not to return a repress ntatiee et all, and pre bsbly would not have continued to have done so but for the fact of its beirg a whig borough, with a fair frequented by the gipsas. INTIMIDATION AT TliE CARDIGAN ELECTION. The petition to the House of Commons from an elector of Cardigan, presented ly Mr. John Wilhints on Thur,day, emanated teem a Mr. J. W. Fcwler. He stet. that he was a tenant of the Rev. H. D. Iti , egan, late incum bent of the living of Castle Ileditigham, Ewa : that he hits punctually paid his rent, and strictly fulfilled all the e,n ditions imposed on him as tenant : that at the last election he voted for Air. Pryse, though strongly canvassed fer la opeonent, Mr. Hanford: that, subsequently, namely, about three weeks after the election, he received a nolice to pit his premises from ?deism EltlllA ar d Morgan, his landlortea agents : that this notice was accomeanied by a letter from the son of the Dev. ii. D. Morgan, of which the follewing is a copy : " Dear Sir,—l am sorry to Gen I you the enclosed nohlee to quit. When a tenant votes against his landlord the urn ds fellowship which ought to exist between them ceases ; mai it is my father's "visa as well as my own that in future no one should hold under as who will not support our parlia mentary interest.—Yours truly, T. Monoarr." The petitioner further expresses his belief that many other individuals in Cardigan have reel iced like notices ; and he prays for the protection of the bare!, " being perfectly convinced t'llt such will be the only means of insuring the expression of fret and utibiarsed opinion, and of securing elt eters from the effects of intolerant and tyrannical coercion." PAUPER CHILDREN.—An act (12th Victoria, cap. 13th), which has just been passed for the regulation of pau per establishment,. will have the effect of totally pre venting any of the iniquities which have hitherto been practised in many of such places. By the Ist section it is provided that the Poor Law is " to make and issue all such roles, order, end regulations for the management lied goy, rnment of any t ouse or establishment wherein any p .or person shall be 1 wilted, boarded, and maintained, for hire or remaneration, &c ," or in which pauper children are educated, as by law they are row empowered to do with regard to workhouses; end any disobedience of such rules, &c., on the part of the proprietors or officers of such este • blishments is poniehable by penalties under the 4th and sth Wm. IV., cap.7o. The 4th section provides that the said board shall at any time, if they see just cause, prohibit, by order under their seal, the r•eeption or retention " of any pectin or periods in such utehlithmente." By the 6th section, the board may remove anv edict r of such establishments for misconduct. The oth section empo xers them to regulate all contracts entered into by the proprietors, &c., of any such establishment for the to aging, boarding, &c., of any poor person. By the 7th section the commissioners are author- ued to appoint a person, temporarily or permanently, to visit and inspect any inch hou.es or establishments , such persons to be paid by the guardians or overseen of parishes who have paupers there; and, by the Bth section, justices are em powered to visit and inspect the establishments, and the Board of Health to appoint an jeep etor to visit them from time to time, and report upon their condition. The said act does not apply to lunatic asylums, and is confined to Englud and Wales. THE NEW BILL FOR REGULATION OF EMIGRANT breadth and weight of his root crops form the truest SHIPS.—Tae following is en abstract of the bid new in par- measure of a farmer's skill and success which can be Bement, as amended by the committee, for the regulation or offered. The great objects are to consume a certain emigrant ships:—The first four clauses are purely prefatory. means of th e set into execution proportion of the turnips on the land by Clause 5 vests the power of carrying in the Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners, who sheep, arid to draw off sufficient for the consumption are authorised by the next clause to appoint emigration offi- of stock in the yards. cers sad assistants in the United Kingdom, governors having Tbia is best accomplished on fertile land with an the like power of appointment in the colonies. It is after. open subsoil, for if the soil be very light the farmer wards provided that roe paseeeger-ship shall be cleared with. feels he can ill spare any portion of the turnips for out the emigration officer's certificate that the requirements of the act have been fulfilled. Clause 10 (the meet important, use in the yards, and if thy land be strong there will perhaps ' in the bill) limits the number of passengers to be be scarcely time during the winter, if the Benson prove carried both by tonnage and space. It enacts that no ship wet, for feeding off upon the land enough of the tar shall be allowed to proceed on her voyage with a remit. nir On this Mr. Stephens says : number of -passengers on board, including the crew, than in the proportion of one person to every two tons. Irrespective t has been found by experience that more than half of stair stop of titre ips consumed on the ground by cheep, leaves more of tannage, every deck passenger is to have twelve clear super- manure then is proper for the ground to receive at one time ficial feet; or if the vessel have to pan the tropics, and the for the succeeding grair. crop ; and the too great effect is voyage exceeds twelve weeks, fileen feet. Two children evinced by the crop being laid to the ground for want of each under the age of fourteen years are to reckon as one strength in the straw, and the ears not being filled with passenger. infants under twelve months not being cum- sound grain. But the proportion removed is entirely resin puted. Various regulations follow as to light and ventila- lated by the state of the soil and crop, as may he seen by tion. Clause 19 prohibits articles injurious to health from this statement. The usual proportion pulled of a good crop being taken as cargo. Provisions for the passenaen are is one half, but should the soil be in a low condition a third to be shipped at the expense of the owner or charterer only is removed ; and if in fine condition, two-thirds, or even o' the ship. The dietary scale, set forth in the 24th clause, three-fourths may be pulled; but the quanties thus pulled is as follows. Each passenger is to have, during the voyage , depend upon the bulk of the crop. II the crop is very large at least three quarts of water daily, and of provisions after and the ground in fine eonditim, two-thirds may be pulled ; the rate per week of two-and-a-half pounds of bread or but it is rarely the case that the roil is so rith arid the crop so biscuit, one pound of wheaten fimr, five pounds of oatmeal, large as to make a half too large a 'lmport/ nto he left nn two pounds of rice, two ounces of tea, half-a-pouad of sugar, the g d round . If the crop is poor one-third only should be and ha'f.a-pound of mobiles Potatoei , when gocd , may be substituted for either the oatmeal nr rice, in the propor- Pulle, and a very poor crop should be wholly eaten on whatever condition the soil may be in. Au den of five pounds of potatoes to one pound of catmeal or other consideration, materially affecting the quantity rice. Each ship is to have a cook appointed to cook the to be left on the ground is , the occurrence of a passengers' food. Each ship having as many as one hundred poor crop of turnips over the whole farm. Hitherto, passengers is bound by the 26th clause to have a surgeon on I have only been speaking of that part of the crop beard ; if the voyage is one that will exceed 12 weeks, a of turnip to be used by the sheep ; but when the entire crop smgeon is also to be taken if the number of passengers be ie to bad as to be insufficient to maintain all the stock fully, only 50. Ships to North America are exempted from carry- the proportion to be consumed by the sheep and cattle re lag a surgeon, provided that 14 instead of 12 superficial feet s actively should be determined on at once, and maintained be allowed to each passenger. Clause 36 enacts, that every t hroughout the season. In such a case, neither the sheep passenger at the end of the voyage shall bi entitled for at nor cattle can be fattened on turnips - and other expedients lout 48 hours to sleep en board a ship, and may during that must be resorted to do so, if desired ; and if not desired, the time, claim maintenance the same as during the voyage. stock must bi left in a lean state. The economical plan is to Clauses *4 to 49 relate to brokers' licenses, contract tickets, allow the sheep to get as many turnips as will feed them, &^., for North American voyages; and the remainder of the an d t o f ee d the cattle on the r e m a i n d er o f th e cro p, a long bill and co . odirieaustsitoiofnclotufte thse preolawtienagvettedpeinnalgotievsernanodrs panrcenia eoeidoure. with oil-cake or corn, because oil-cake can be more conies. niently carried to the deeding than turnips. Thukconsi• • ". Si 4.. voy age s.—Lirerpool Al 6 i4n. . 1, lions are required to determine the proportion did - c ,,,,0' -e - 1 A GOOD EZAMPLE.—The Hon. Newton Fellowes crop to be pulled, but the standard propr lion is:10 • ......1' s' 4 ha; 'riven orders to have a great qunotity of his coppioesac b d andwhen that quantity is deviated from, it ehonad , .. : , .tiltx: . 4 brakes, in the ni ighbourhood of Braes'ord and Chawleig , such urgent circumstances as those mention , d. - 1... • ..i. .- S 'r,— `a clawed and broken up for tillage, which is now affo rding ,t e i The following statements as to the weigP -• • fiik , ,t) / 2:1 large amount of labour to the poor ; immense tra . for c the t.W but a few years Fillet were planted with fume, p uss- 4 qualities, and consumption of turnips, ifs • kik-.- pace o. 'affording shelter f.r the foxes, are n*w underg oing of attention : A white globe turnip of 7 inches •- -• c a s ~.„ that change which will soon , we hope , rep a y the owner A in fiver tea_ .-‘ l ' . I'M k_ ..., better return.— Western Times. grains , whereas one of 4 inches diameter Wads OP AZ 0 V /31