The Express. — London, England, 1846-12-18 00:00:00

THEATRE ROYAL LYCEUM.' Muer the Management of MRS. KEELEY. Oa Monday, December 21, will be ppreueseeaated, a Drama founded sta the New Christmas Annual ot CILARLItS DICKENS, You., and adapted to the stage (by tho exclude, permission of the author. from the proof streets) by Albert gmis, Su., called TIIE DAME OF UPE. Principal cUracters by Mr. P. Matthews, Mr. Leigh Murray (i trot appearance here), Mr. P. Vining, Mr. Turner, Mr. Meadows, 3/r. Keeley ; Mts. Muoilidge, Miss Daly, Mies May (her Bret appear ance here,) Wm Grove, Miss Fester, and Mn Keeley. After which, the laughable Pante of MRS. WHIM. Characters by Mr. Turner, Mr. °sherry his fret appearanoe In this company), Mr. IL Bader ; Miss AMA, Mies Vinare, and Mn Wigan. To conclude with the soorassfal Comedy of, TU PARENTS AND GUARDIANS. ' , 'Filreoo. MAILS. Tb, overlAnd malls for Glb sitar. Malta, Greece, the lonian IsLinda, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and China, vin Soutnamptea, will be made up on the evening of the 18th December. The overland closed mails, via Manville*, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong Kong, ex., will be made up oa the evening of the 21th December. The mails for Vigo, (Marto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, *ill be made up on the montane of the 2Ath December. The mad. for New South Wales. Van Diemen's Land, and New lisalsad will he made up on the evening of the 3lst December. The Wart India tombs, including ,hose for Meade, Honduras, and tys tlssannah, will ha made up on the morning of the 2nd January, The mails fur Ih iti-K North America, ikrrnada, and the United Mates, will he made up on the evening of the 4th January. The mails for the Brazils, the Kiser Plate, Monte Video, Pernam halo! thihis. 4a tetra. and Bums Ayres, will be despatched on the evening of the 4th January. TO CORRESPONDENTS. Adeortirmenta intended for The Kepress, London evening paper, must be at the Ofac..: by Two o'doek on the day of publication. HIGH WATER. AT LONDON-BRIDGF.. TIM DAT. —Honing, 22 61i11. ;Ma I ; Afternoon, 43 min. put 1. To-Olonnow—lierning, 4 mm. put 2; Afternou, 26 min. put 2. LONDON, FRIDAY, DEC. 18. Ir the despatches now so frequently transmitted from India to Great Britain by reason of the existing system of Overland communication shall be found, at no distant period, to " wane" in what is falsely termed their political, but is, in truth, their military, interest only, it will be a sign of the times highly auspicious for the welfare of our mighty dominions in that part of Asia. When the " pomp and circum stance of glorious war" shall become less exclusively the staple stuff if our Governor-General's reports to the government of her Majesty, and the direction of the East India Company, we may be sure that the true mission in India is resumed : we may be sure that the dcrelopmi nt of the commercial resources and the improvement of the social and domestic institutions of India have been recommenced. For the long inter ruption of that sacred and majestic mission—of our discharge of that solemn responsibility—not all the military triumphs we have realised during nearly an entire century, can either compensate or atone. We have drawn from the Gangetic peninsula mil lions upon millions of treasure, produce and mer chandise, wherewith we have incalculably extended the aggregate of our territorial possessions there, and laid the founditions of colossal private fortunes at home. Yet, if any enormous revolution or other stupendous accident were to induce us to abandon India to-morrow, what vestiges should we leave of a beneficial, humane, and enlightened administration of its government ? In the seat of the supreme govern ment at Calcutta, in the capitals of the two other pre sidencies, we shall certainly bequeath to our Indian subjects a few admirable collegiate and othcr educa tional establishments for native youth ; a few public buildings for their pleasure, health, or convenience ; and a few institutes consecrated to the diffusion of knowledge and the maintenance of charity. But what shall we have done for the sterling comfort and happiness of a hundred millions of people seattereri over an aria that extends from the southern moun tains of Neixiul to Cape Comorin in the Indian Ocean—from the Bay of Bengal and the Acres of Siam to the banks of the Sutlej ? Have we given to the swarming provinces to whom nature has denied the most precious of her condiments, salt, open and cheap markets for its purchase from those other pro vinces which produce it in the most prodigal abun dance ? Do we dispense to the peasants and fishermen inhabiting the jungle districts in the vicinity of the coasts, to whom antiseptics are primary necessaries of life, the peppers and aromatics which are grown in neighbouring territories more favoured by climate, soil, or locality? We have not been at the trouble to open a dozen high-roads through the jungle to the table-lands to which it extends—be tween the scattered village and concentrated city. At Madras the unresisted surf is permitted daily, hourly, to peril, more or less, the life of every one whom business or pleasure induces to ven ture through it. We really doubt whether any other nation of civilised Europe would have remained, for one-half of the time that we have occupied it, in un disputed possession of the whole Coromandel coast, without constructing some jetty or breakwater on a scale of grandeur and stability' commensurate with the character of our flag and the importance of that station and presidency. On the same extensive and inhospitable line of coast, where nature having done so little, it is the more incumbent mon human art to supplement the i'eficiency, no effective steps have yet been token to deepen the lake of Pullicat and cut through its narrow " brend " of sand and rock, a channel to the sea, by which vessels of moderate ton nage mfiffit find a shelter, which, at present, they must ruu hundreds of miles in that direction, without finding. To improve the bed and confine the inun dations ofthe Ganges, that great artery of India, neither 'latish nor Indian capital has yet been brought forward. But we all know that the damage occasioned by the floodings of the sacred stream in its progress towards the sea, if esti mated by the fee simple merely of the cultivated lands either covered with sand and debris, and stifled, as it were, for all purposes of future agri cultural production, or actually engulphed in the stream and swept away into the devouring abyss of its estuary, would, in a single year, far exceed the amount of any sums that could be expended on the works necessary to confine and improve the mighty river. A duty of so simply protective a nature, whose immediate consequences, if faithfully performed, would have been so much more immediately beneficial to the native Zemindar or the laborious Ryot, than to the coffers of our government, seems never to have occupied the sustained attention of Anglo-Indian rulers. These officials, hitherto, have been much too unmindful of their first duty to the native population, Hindoo and Mussulman. We have left both without bridges to cross the impetuous streams of the country, whilst we have erected fortresses in every direction. We have left them without any established lines of communication between the sa-red, the commercial, and the imperial capitals of India ; but if natives cannot get from Calcutta to Benares, or from Benares to Delhi, without any of the facilities to be found be tween stations of equal importance in any other country of the world, we have provided them pretty amply with the protection of one class of our European establishments,—we have built large gaols! This neglect of the most ordinary appliances, and means, and comforts which the governed have every where aright to expect at the hands of the governors, is the more extraordinary if we are to attribute it to the fact, that to have provided them would require a large outlay of money. For in no state, probably, has more money been thrown away upon visionary or futile projects than in India, and even in these our latter times. In sound, clear, and commodious lines of communication between seats of trade or manufac- tares and rural producing districts, all men connected therewith have so direct an interest, that it is impos sible to suppose the wealthy and intelligent natives of British India can have overlooked them. They must have been withheld, or even deterred, by the supineness of the British government in relation to such undertakings. Now, what we desire to est iblish at present is, that there is no mode of employing capital that would be mere beneficial to the whole of this vast country. None more eligible conk!, at this moment be encouraged. It is a scheme that, in its rffeeks, would be uhiversally and equally beneficial to the government, the native, and the Anglo-Indian popu lation. It would confer on all posterity advantages still greater than those which the present generation could realise from it. And y et , to the present genera tion it would solve at once, in a practical affirmative, the great problem whether the foreign commerce and the home trade of British India can be indefinitely multiplied beyond theirpresent extent? To the capi talistseeking for profitable investments in India this mode offers a channel for returns more lucrative than those Which, at the present moment, even banking itself, at the current excessive rates fir the use of money there, can realise. But it would have a fur ther advantage over banking. We know that the greater the apparent ratio of profit accruing to the lender, under such enhanced value of money. the I account of capital advanced sweep off any conceiv able profits on its hire, in the shapo of discount, and commissions, and interest. The species of investment we recommend may be absolutely removed out of the possible operation of bad debts. It is the formation of high roads for traffic and travel on a scale adequate to the wants of so vast a population as we govern thron4hout British India. What then can be the objection to,or distaste for, thisemployment ofeapital, so powerful as hitherto to have utterly failed in in ducing Europeans or natives to adopt it ? The real answer we believe to be, that some two or three years must elapse before returns could be realised. And on the part of private individuals in such a country as British India, this is, for many reasons, by no means a slight or ill-founded objection. The term of human life there, on any reasonable average, is short, under even the most favourable circumstances. Men do not object to sow their money grain, that their own de scendants may reap fortunes from it; but still they choose to judge for themselves of the goodness of the soil to be selected, and the course of management to be adopted. The political and military convulsions of late years, howe-er succeasfully they have been appeased or extinguished by our policy and our arms, are not calculated to add any element of confidence to the feeling, with which the monied man of Calcutta, or Benares, Madras, or Bombay, regards the proffered inducements of a project that may begin to pay just about the time that the exhausting influences of climate on his constitution will be compelling him to quit the southern provinces of Asia for the temperate regions of Europe. It is not very surprising, there fore, that an English resident is prone to look upon a share in any concern, the profits of which are to be so clearly in abeyance fir a term of years, as if it were a past-obit bond; or rather, perhaps, as a life assu rance policy, the proceeds of which must necessarily be reserved for those who shall survive him. If the expense of forming so many high-roads as we contend are demanded by the reasonable claims of our Indian subjects. be propounded as an insuperable objection to the plan, we say, place on all produce carried therein the smallest money toll. The trade which the roads will open and maintain will bear the toll. The myriads of people who will frequent them will raise the aggregate of these minute tolls to an enormous one. Between 200,000 and 300.000 natives pass every day, it is calculated, in and out of Calcutta alone who form no part of its resident population. But the question of expense, after all, is not one that can be pleaded in excuse of the British government for the neglect of public works so essential to the development of do mestic trade, and the prosperity of those Asiatic sub jects towards whom the rule of our conduct has been eloquently prescribed by a former governor-general, This was the noble sentiment of the Marquis of llssmicis, as expressed in his farewell address to the students of the College of Fort William : " Benefit to the governed has been the simple but efficacious cement of our power. As long as the comforts and the gratitude of the Indian people shall testify that we persevere in that principle, so long may Heaveu uphold the domination of Britain here [in India]-- and no longer." We return to the subject of the trial for murder at Honduras in October last, of which we published an account on Wednesday, compiled partly from a colonial paper, and partly from a private letter. Our object is to draw attention to the extraordinary manner in which the criminal law and police of that colony or settlement appear to be administered. About the end of July last, an affray took place at night between Lieutenant CONNELL, ILA., and Mr. SYMONS, a colonial official, on the one part, and sonic Spanish fishermen on the other. As soon as it was over, Mr. SYMONS went to the police station, and desired the only policeman in attendance to ar rest a parcel of Spaniards who, he said, had beaten him. There was nothing unusual in Mr. Svmoss's appearance. While Mr. SYMONS was speaking with the policeman, another person came up and addressed that functionary in Spanish, which he does not understand. This man had at the time received a blow which fractured his 8411, of which he died before two o'clock next day. Two parties who had been quarrelling, in short, applied to the policeman at the same time; and he, at the bidding of the apparently uninjured English gentleman, locked up the poor Spanish fisherman who had received a fatal wound. At the bidding of Mr. SYMONS and Lieut. CONNELI„ the policeman immediately afterwards locked up another Spaniard who jumped out of a fishing-boat, when these gentlemen shoved off in another to go alongside of it. The cell in which the two Spaniards were locked up by this complaisant policeman is thus described by him :—" The cell is by itself; the floor is of stone, the walls of brick. - It is very small. There are three cells altogether of the same size. They are about seven feet square. I have put six prisoners into one of these at the same time." On cross-examination he added: "The gate of the gaol-yard is always left open at night. The cell was not locked when Y took the Span:ards there. I bolted them into the cell." The survivor of the two pri soners declared at the trial : " The cell in which we were locked up was very small. It had a little open big. There was no air, but [l] felt the dampness of the floor. There is an iron ring in the centre of the cell." In this new edition of the black-hole of Cal cutta, the survivor declared he found ANTONIO CRUZ [the deceased] lying down and hardly able to move. About an hour after he was unable to speak. I spoke to him, but he could not answer. I raised bins to a sitting posture, and rubbed his stomach, and called ANTONIO, ANTONIO, but he never replied. I then called for assistance, but rio one came. At day light [what precedes happened about midnight], I knocked at the door, and they opened it, and put me in another place." The witness subsequently stated that he " knocked very bard at the door during the night for assistance." We quote from the evidence of the surgeon of the public hospital to show the extent of the injuries which the man locked up, remote from aid, at the request of the uninjured Mr. SYMONS, bad received, and the state in which he was found in the morning : " I found him lying on his back, on the flag-stone floor ; his breathing was very laborious, and pulse weak ; I found it impossible to arouse him ; he was completely insensible. After making some re n arks, and expressing my surprise that a person in 'writ a state should be placed in so wretched a cell, I strongly urged his removal to the hospital as speedily as possible." At the post-mortem examination : "On removing the upper part of the skull, the first remark able circumstance that presented itself was a large accumulation of cxtravaaated blood. The extent of the fracture was now more discernible: three bones of the skull were involved in this fracture. The parietal bone, which forms the upper and right side of the head, the frontal bone, and the temporal bone." As far as we can gather from the evidence, the par ties who gave the Spaniard into custody did not appear next day to follow up any charge against them. From the uneontradicted evidence for the prosecution it appears that the affray took place on board the boat of the Spaniards, which was moored to some stakes twenty yards from the shore. We have not yet ex hausted the extraordinary features of that police sys tem under which the man, who had received a death wound, was locked up in the uncomfortable dog-hole above described, on the ex parse accusation of an un injured assailant, who never appeared to follow up his charge, and whose presence in the boat where the fatal blow was given is not accounted for. The policeman who locked him up was alone at the station when he was given in charge: " the rest had gone to walk," he said at the trial; yet he left the station untenanted to go do Mr. SYmoes bidding. The guilt or innocence of the parties who have escaped, because, after sitting from Friday afternoon till Monday, the jury could not agree upon a verdict, is comparatively an indifferent matter. The heavy grievance brought to light by the proceedings on this trial is the lax state of police and penal law adminis tration at Belize. It is clear, from the evidence on the trial, that the policeman held it his duty at once to lock up any low fisherman against whom a gentleman made a complaint. The medical gentleman from whose evidence we have quoted above, appears to have bad a similar inclination to take the gentleman's side. He laboured hard to make out that the man's death was not owing to the severity of the blow, hut to the thinness of his skull : " I have seldom, if ever, seen the bones in the head of an adult so remarkably thin : and, consequently, they could not have resisted violence offered to them to the same degree as the bones of a skull more strongly formed." A number of the jurymen appear to have beer. quite agreed in sentiment with the noliceman of the fatal blow was not denied, although no proof of proooeation was offered.. The only essential witnesses fotitthe defence were a lean who did set state that the surviving Spaniard had told bun that the deceased would not have died had he not been locked up in the cell; and another, who swore that he had been employed by two of the witnesses to offer to leave the colony, if paid 400 dol lars each, but who admitted that he had put himself in communication with Mr. SYMONS on the 27th of September, and had only been engaged to make this proposal on the Bth of October. Every detail of this extraordinary trial shows that there is something rotten in the institutions of Honduras. Wealth, offi cial rank, and family connexions appear to be 'Avenger there than law or justice. The state of the settlement calls loudly for inquiry on the part of our colonial authorities. Dn. Bowitixo and Mr. Howirr both spoke with much eloquence and justice at the meeting of the friends of Polish nationality, against the nefarious act of the annexation of Cracow. They pointed out the very great insecurity which had been thrown thereby upon sovereign and independent rights throughout Europe. Could those speakers but have glanced at the state of feeling and anxiety which at present pre vails in the few remaining fn c towns of Germany, they could have adduced proofs that this insecurity was not of merely remote or general consequences, but that it was imminently hurtful to German inde pendence and English trade. The annexation of Cracow is felt in Germany as the commencement of a general absorption of all the free towns. The Hanse Towns are quite as great an eyesore to Freesia, as Cracow to Russia and Austria. And symptoms begin to show themselves, which lead to the supposition that Prussia only consented to the absorption of Cracow, an act greatly against Prussian interests, as we shall show, on the condition that the two Eastern Powers should not oppose Prussia's views upon the Haase Towns. An announcement that Prussia will allow the last commercial treaty with England to expire without renewal is confidently expected. With this expecta tion is joined the certainty that fresh negotiations have been opened with the liaise Towns for their adhesion to 'he Zollverein. After what has happened at Cracow, these negotiations have much the air of that kind of supplication used by the beggar of " Gil Blas." And the Mimic Towns are really fright ened. Now, are England and Fiance to keep pout ing at each other, whilst Prussia treats Bremen and Hamburg in a manner somewhat similar to that, in which Austria has treated Cracow ? The first annex ation of the Ilanse Towns will no doubt ne com mercial, from which to political annexation is not a very great stride. We mentioned that the destruction of the inde pendence of Cracow has been injurious to the interests of Prussia, and, therefore, implies that she must have an equivalent. We might have added, that the act is almost equally inimical to the trading interests of England and of France. No sooner was the absorption of Cracow consummated, than the manufacturers of Silesia met in Breslau, and elected a deputation to pro ceed at once to Berlin, and lay before government the immense injury wrought to them by such an act. The Silesian manufacturers were in the habit of sending merchandise annually to Cracow to the value of from four to seven millions of dollars, which passed by contraband chiefly into Austria, but a portion into Polish Russia. The transit of British and French commodities across Prus sia to Cracow for the same purpose was also of great amount. Indeed ,it is the increase in our goods sent to Germany fur transit, that has kept up our exports to that country. The annexation of Cracow has com pletely put a stop to all this, and a crowd of Silesian manuthcturera are on the eve of bankruptcy in conse quence. Tke replies of the Prussian minister to the Silesian deputation were noire in the extreme. lie declared that he was not at all aware of this great trade, and merely thought that a much less considerable quan tity was sent to Cracow, to be forwarded to Brody.. Moreover, the minister admitted that the convention for absorbing Cracow had been so secretly concluded that he, although a minister, knew nothing of it until it had been acted on. But still the convention was not complete; there still were reservations, and, conse quently, still time to introduce new• provisos that might mitigate, or at least adjourn, the closing of so important a market for Silesia as Cracow. There cannot be a stronger proof than this same naire ministerial reply, of the fact that in occupying Cracow the three Powers were not fully resolved to carry out the measure, had it been strenuously op posed by France and England. " The convention was incomplete, there were reservations." By this time, however, it is complete. The doom of Cracow is sealed. And with it is sealed the loss of the commer cial independence of the Haase Towns, as well as the greater part of our trade with Germany. Our Paris correspondent writing on Tuesday says : The general distress produced by the high price of the inferior sorts of provisions, and by the severity of the season, begins to be felt in Paris. The disbursements of the savings' bank last week dou bled the amount of deposits ; the draughts upon it amounted to nearly 1,200,000 francs. If such be the exigencies of those who are at sufficient ease to have accumulated, it may be easily be imagined how much must be suffered by the far more numerous class who have wanted the means or the prudence to save. Corn continues to rise in and around Paris, the price having again attained the same limit it had before the late fall. The present price of Wheat is 33 francs per hectolitre, equivalent to 725. 6d. per quarter. In the departments of the Aube and the Marne, the prices are also high. At Troyes, wheat is sold at 37 fr. the hectolitre, equivalent to 81s. a quarter, which is the highest price that wheat has reached during the present year in France. Bourgogne, Lorraine, Alsace, and Champagne are all ill supplied, and the population in a very unquiet state. In Brittany, Normandy, and the Northern de partments generally, the prices were rising. The reports from the south for last week had not reached Paris on Tuesday. The weather continued extremely severe in Paris. Snow fell from time to time, on Sunday, Monday, and Monday night, accompanied by a severe frost. On Tuesday the streets were sufficiently coated with snow for sleighing. Since the above was written, end just as the post was closing, our Paris correspondent received a new number of the Rerue des Deux 21boldes, from which there was only time to give the following extract : Is it true that the hope of seeing the Queen of Spain give an heir t) the crown becomes more and moo, strong ? Such is the feeling at Madrid, and Ills eventuality acquires daily more political importance. Spain naturally desires that the succession to the throne be secured as soon as possible. Elsewhere this wish is shared by all those who desire a speedy reconciliation between France and England, among whom meyfie counted the august personages to whom am bitious pretensions to the heritage of Philippe V. have been ascribed. If Lord Palmerston is not resolved systemattically to repulse every overture to a sincere reconciliation, he will hail with satisfaction the hopes which the present state of the Queen of Spain excites. Tins satisfaction will be so much the more lively, as it will have for him all the cha racter of an agreeable surprise. In fact, Lord Pal merston entertained respecting the marriage of the Queen and the Duke of Cadiz, on expectation of con sequences altogether the reverse. When the Chevalier Tacon, Charge d'Affaires of Spain, first informed the Whig miidster of the intended marriave, the latter broke out with the most strange and lively sallies, insisting espe cially upon the misfortune of the Queen, who would be so sacrificed. These singular condolences were embodied in a despatch now deposited in the archives of foreign affairs at Madrid, and which certainly form not one of the lea,t curious pages of contemporary diplomacy. The significancy of this will be appreciated, when it is remembered that the Renee des Dear Mandes is an official organ of the Guizot cabinet, and that its articles are prepared with much more deliberate consideration than can be given to those of the daily journals. The Antwerp papers stated some days since, that the quays of that port were absolutely encumbered with piles of bales of cotton yarn from England, destined, doubtless, for transit to German markets, or lying there for orders or purchase. From Ghent, in the Belgian papers received this morning, it is observed that " the dearness of provisions, joined to the misery which reigns in ' the two provinces of Flanders, have for some time notably diminished the consumption of cotton stuff., whilst, for the aggravation of misfortune, cotton wool has considerably advanced in price within the last few weeks. The result is, that many manufacturers has.° resolved to stop their works, so as not to expose themselves to the risk of having their warehouses en have already ceased working, and other spinners are oily waiiing whilst their stocks of cotton are worked up, to follow the example of their neighbours." Advices from Berlin, in the Gazette de Cologne, re pOrt the existence of extreme wretchedness among the lower and working population of that capital. The Communal Council had taken measures for extending the establishment of soup kitchens, from which the utterly destitute were relieved daily with a gratuitous distribution of soup, whilst those less necessitous were supplied at a small rate of payment. Tickets were also given, entitling the holders to obtain bread from the bakers at a cer tain price, the surplus over which was to be made good by the communal treasury. It was proposed also to request of the government the free import of a certain quantity of flour. All these and other measures of relief would, however, it was believed, fall short of meeting the extent of wretchedness to be dealt with. The classes above were not without a share of the common suffering themselves from the long depressed condition of industry, and the severe losses from rail way speculation. In consequence the charitable con tributions for the relief of the poor, had greatly fallen off, as compared with those of last year. The hoard of administration for the poor state in their rep, rt that, whereas the charitable donations amounted only to 30,000 crowns, the disbursements ascended to 413,343 crowns. MaNTREAL, Nov. 27, 1846. 1 We have no precise tidings of the probable date of Lord Elgin's approach to our shores. The 4th of January packet, it is surmised will be the earliest date of his departure from England. This will pro bably throw hack the meeting of the Legislature to April or May, as no governor having a due sense of the difficulties of governing this country, and particu larly of the uncertain action of a Canadian parliament without a reliable majority in favor of any settled policy, will venture upon convening so authoritative a body as the representatives of the people to deli berate upon the "state and welfare of the realm" without a nearer acquaintance with local matters and things than the distant capital of the empire can afford. A meeting of Mr. Baldwin's political friends was recently held in Toronto, apparently for the purpose of enabling that gentleman to promulgate a manifesto of his views and principles, and of the strength and prospects of his party. The moment was well chosen—the eve of a new arrival to fill the post of governor-general, and at a time when disunion is supposed to mark the councils of his opponents. Nor were the topics of his address less skilfully chosen. The Earl of Durham's report on the affairs of Canada was treated with prominent allusion,—" that great state document, the text book of British colonial rights," as Mr. Baldwin characterised it. The speaker claimed Lord Durham's sentiments as those which he had always previously advocated, but for which he and others had been treated by their opponents and the government of the day as disloyal rebels and traitors. He showed also, that in every struggle between the colonists and the mother country the principles contended for by the movement party, although at first, and throughout the struggle, opposed, branded as unconstitutionrJ, dangerous to the public peace, and subversive even of the royal authority, were nevertheless finally, within a brief period after the close of the struggle, or more properly, perhaps, during . a pause only in the contest, adopted by the repudiating party, and incorporated in the scheme of government. This is all, I year, but too true. The Reformers of England, from time im memorial, in the olden dark days of despotism, and in this nineteenth century of enlightened notions, know well through what obloquy and resistance they have advanced their banners to victory over time honoured abuses. It has been the same in this quarter of the British dominions. The same resist ance, the same obloquy, the same results, and the same effects from similar causes, have marked the onward progress of constitutional rights. It may be that these stages in the career of constitu tional liberty ate the appointed course of human advancement under the best regime of human govern ment yet brought to light—that of representative in stitutions. lie that as it may, it is certain that this country has gone through the vicissitudes I have mentioned. What has been opposed to-day, has been conceded to-morrow; and it is difficult to make those who were actors and spectators in the tray understand that the same will not occur again. The rff, ct of this course of concession on the part of the mother country has been to engender atkction where there was distrust, and to reconcile the discon tented to the connexion, as one that sooner or later brings about the adjustment of all differences, and the correction of all proved abuses. Mr. Baldwin, speaking of the sentiments avowed by Sir Robert Peel and Lord Stanley on the occasion of the discussion in the House of Commons upon the causes which led to the resigna tion of himself and colleagues under Lord Metcalfe, said, "he was ready to accept the principles enuncia ted by those distinguished statesmen as substantially identical with his own. He saw no difference be tween them and those put forth by Lord John Rus sell, tree then leader of the opposition, or those con tended for by himself and his late colleagues, on the very occasion which gave rise to the debate to which he referred." With this declaration, which I believe to be sincere, and the want of adhesion among the members of the party constituting and supporting the present government, it is a fair presumption that Mr. Baldwin and his party will not, for any great length of time, remain out of power. The railroads mentioned in former letters are pro ceeding satisfactorily. That for I lalifax lingers. The Portland railroad is the favorite with the commercial c. , mmunity, but the Hal,fax line is the one which Bri tish feeding in the provinces most reckons upon. Capt. Pipon, of the Royal Engineers, engaged on behalf of the British government in surveying the line, was uhfortunately drowned in descending a rapid in one of the rivers of New Brunswick. Mr. Simpson, the other commissioner, is still actively engaged in another part of the line; and, from his known energy and intelligence, much is expected. A recent meeting of the great " Montreal Mining Company " has brought under public notice the extra ordinary wealth of the region of Lake Superior in beds of mineral ore. With proper caution, unessential part of all mining speculations, there can be no doubt of the moat successful results. The labours of the mines will produce a new article of export for the country, and draw many settlers to the quarter in which the mine ral abounds. Winter weather has at length commenced. We have had no fall of snow, but severe trait for some days ; and it is feared some of the shipping at Quebec will be compelled to winter there. X. FRANCE.—FRENCH ComlfEßCE.—Tbe French Customs authorities have just published a geueral statement of the foreign and colonial trade of France fur 1844. The returns for 1815 present au increase of imports and exports (combined) on those of 1841 of 3,400,0001. • on the average 005 returns for the five preceding years of 10,,0001. The in- Cie WIC is chiefly in the sea-tarns exports and imports. In 184.5 the sum of sea-borne exports and imparts was 68,000,0001. ; of imports and exports by land only 27,000,0001. The amount of the sea-borne commerce ex port. d and imp Tied utider the French gag is about 31,003,0001.; but as cotnmoditi. s to the value of 11,000,0001. tan only be imported under the French flag, it is obvious that in carrying those articles in which there is a possibility of conip-ti.ion between French and foreign vessels, the latter a v, to a great extent, preferred. The following list of countries having commercial reletiuns with France is arranged on the principle of placing first in order those whose exports and imports, taken together, were greatest in 1845 ;-1, Uuited States; 2, England ; 3, Bel gium; 4, Sardinian Sates: 5, &Uremia ; 6, Spain; 7, Algiers; 8, Swi . rerland; 9, Russia. In the following list these states are placed first, from which France imports most largely 1, United States; 2, Belgium ; 3, England ; 4, Sardinian States ; 5, Zullverein ; 6, Russia ; 7, 'Turkey ; 8, Spain ; 9, Switrerland. Ranked according to the extent to which France exports to them, they stand thus :-1, Eng lana ; 2, United States; 3, Algiers; 4. Spain; 6, Zell verein ; 6, Belgium; 7, Switzerland ; 8, Sardinian States; 9, Guadeloupe. The United States are the only country which produces the gnat staple raw meterial of French manufactures: their tariff has told more against French goods than English. The exportation to Algiers consists almost entirely of supplies for the army there. SPAIN.-I'nE SPANISH I)EBT.—The Madrid cor respondent of the Alunsiidg Chronicle communicates the following extract from • letter of Mr. Cobden's, addrts.ed to Mr. Henderson, from Cadiz, in reply to a l- tier received from the latter gentleman. Mr. Oilmen iaym, " You are sarong in the Justice of )our claim, and you 111E14 try every ,•ppe.ll to the i onuur acid laoneoty of Sp iiiidrolo. and it rano, vary endeavour to shame them into the payment of their debts. I agree w,th your circular as to the , dolt-.y of the got vernitent to meet it. engagements, provided ordinary talon. and integrity pre-ide over its tina es. Never was there a c nintry whose resources were su ii. glected acid waited as than to the Catalans, everybody (menufact •is avowed eintrabendist when opportunity in Spain an 20 per cent. offers; and I am convinced that • duty of national policy. Instead of affonling the ing facilities to the Catalonians for the free admission P u r° re "ed rs inc p lu ro d tee edi the manufacturers than the present system. Ido 0 of f n tfhoer:rierirta.goodsma,tehroianLes.,tlwy oluelvdiedb,ewintthorethefavaccuouramlaennyw-t opportunity of speaking to M Mon upon tine poin 1 think you overrate the divert loss to the . him if be would farm h:s customs duties fur 20 years w I mild the prohibitive tariff. While in Ma Iryl rev l . en t had_ ue from tie undertake to guarantee him four times the amount of net revenue at present derived from that source, upon one con dition only, that I should be allowed to reduce the duties at discretion, but not to have th e p ower of increasing the modification of the tariff. With freelom of exchange, and te r t O i l v , es en ye Le P° w n o i u i a i l t l, however, be h t e li e c el te y r i i i fi e b e td f ir t e h e e t g he n e n efi tu t e t f h e e wealth and population faster, probably, than any nation in the world. ant her present debt would became, in propor tional tranquillity, Spain would increase iu to her resources, the lightest iii Europe. I wish you success in your application to the Madrid treasury." BELGIUM.—BRUSSELS, De.c. 15.—Their Majes ties left Brussels this morning fir Paris. Yesterday the Senate vested the hi'l for sanctioning the military promotion of the princes of the blood rivet without requiring them to pass through the various gradea, or to ha of the age generally considered necessary for officers in the army. To-morrow H. R. IL the Duke of Brabant will be appointed to the post of sub-lieutenant in an infantry regiment; and his younger brother, the Count of Flanders, to a similar past inn cavalry one. The papers announce the death of the Baron-EV[looA vorst, a member of the Senate. Yesterday, the Chamber of Re presentatives voted 1/00,000 tr. for tnesoures relating to the supply of provisions, and a suns of 300,000 fr. for the encou ragement of the linen trade. The Minister of Public Woke Istated that it was the intention of the government to propose in a few days the grant of two millions of francs fur the 1 immediate improvement of the navigable rivers, &c., of the two Flanders. The object of the prop net bill is to give em ployment to the numerous poor inhabitants of those pro vinces. Baron James Rothschild had yesterday a long audience of his Majesty. The 56th anitieersarl of the king's birthday passed off in the usual manner in this capital,—by a solemn Te Drum in the Cathedral, by a grand review, and by the illumination of all the public offices. Their majesties, it is calculated, reached Paris 1 est night, about six o * ClOCk. The quotations of the prices of wheat and of rye, fur the week ending Dec. 12, show an increase of 23c. on each, compared with the prices of the preceding week. The formation of a comp my for exporting the produce of the lin n trade may now be considered as un fait accompli. Several of the leadirg merchants of this city, of Antwerp, Ghent, and Courtray, have finally drawn up and agreed to the statutes of the company, and the sanction of the Minister of Foreign Affairs (with whom a new con ference will be held tomorrow) is alone wanting to give them full force and validity. One of the directors will be established in Ghent, in order to superintend the manufac turing portion of the enterprise : and another at Antwerp, in order to watch over the shipping interests of the company. It appears from a document presented to the Chamber of Representatives, that the number of p roans in this country (exclusive of those in the province of Namur) whose names are regu'arly inscribed on the poor list, amounts to 688,887. —Your readers are already aware that very great distress prevails in Belgium. particularly in the two Flanders, arid that the government and the legislature are devoting their earnest attention to remedial measures. Large !wens for im mediate relii f have been already voted, and the ccu'ral sec tiun of the above chamber has Just published several sugges tions for improving the condition of the working diesel; among-t others, the rendering of the old mode of hand spionaug and hand-weaving as perfect as possible. The op. n ing of new sources of employment by means of machinery for spinning, the better preparing of raw materials, and the introduction of new branches of industry in artier to re place declining or extinct ones. Such measures (ac cording to the expressed opinion of the central section) form the grand problems of political economy for this country. The formation of industrial committees, and of an exporta tion company, is also very strongly recommended by the central section. Several members of the opposition have agreed to lay before the Chamber of Representatives a pro ject of law for electoral reform.—A large quanity of elegant furniture, which, contrary to the law prohibiting the sale in auction rooms of new articles of that kind, had been put up for competition ' has been seized by the police of this city. It will be sold for the benefit of the poor.—lt is object. d by some parties to the proposed export duty of 25 fr. (per 10J k logrenimee) on tow that, although it may keep down the price of that important article, it will, on the other hand, CR. courage the exportation of peeled amt soaked, but not hatch elled, flax.—The Chronigiw of Courtray states, that since the establishment of schools in that neighbourhood for teaching the Valenciennes mode of spinning cambric threads by hand, the condition of the working classes about that town has been greatly improved. It appears th it in fine lawns the hand spinners can produce a much finer quality than the machine spinners, the highest number of quality of the latter being 300, whereas that of the former is ,500.—Several journals ex press the apprehension that the two Flanders, which are almost periodically relieved, will become a second Ireland. —A second congress of the Liberals of Belgium is announced for the month of March next.—During several days past the Dutch mail has not reached this city in due time, in conse quence of the state of the roads.—The steamers have ceased to run between Antwerp and Rotterdam. HOLLAND.—Tritt HAGUE, DEC. 14.—The Staats blad has just published a royal decree, declaring that, after the 2-sth inst., all the old Dutch florin" and half-florins shall cease to be legal coins up to the 29th inst. ' • however, they may be exchanged at the Bank of the Netherlands at Amsterdam. The same journal, in its number of this day, contains a long article, setting forth the conditions of a loan pf one million of florins, at 4 i per cent , towards defraying the expenses of drying up the Lake of Haarlem. This one million constitutes the fourth series of the loan of eight mil lions. allowed by the royal decree of the 15th inst. The remaining million will not be negotiated before the year 1848. Tire e,dilemy, which during some time past has been raging in Amsterdam, is on the decrease. There are at present, however, 1,617 patients in the two hospitals of that city. The celebrated pianist, Thalberg, is expected to arrive at the Hague in the beginning of next month. GERNIANY.—BERLIN, I /EC. 10.—About twenty individuals, including Herr Berends, one of the founders of the Mechanics' Union, were arreted at an early hour this morning, on the charge of uttering disloyal language. It is asserted that tin/ belonged to a community of socialists, and that they had propounded doctrines contrary to the public peace. • The prisoners have been subjected to a very long examination. The arrest of so many individuals has excited a considerable sensation in Berlin. . . .. It appears by the latest accounts that the number of individuals recently arrested in this city, on suspi-ion of being S willists, was not has than 31. It in stated in the Caogne Gazette of the 16th lost., that the above persons had a private press, that they distributed cer tain istflammatory pamphlets, and that they assembled at stated times in various places. The result of the examina tion of the accused parties bad nut transpired up to the 13th inst. ...... ...... _ T I s h it , ; LIST,.. , eI eba F feared by his own hand. lie may be considered in a great mea teTcliil: man i?Ol: died re E c it en O try ill ' f i l e T Z y ° ro Li f, v it E n it d E i l t N is . sure as the parent of the Zollverein. It was he who in the first Place put firward that fine idea of the German Customs Union, which he was enabli d to render popular by his writings before it was brought into application. To carry out the accomplishment of his vast project, he in 1819, drew up a petition to the Germanic Diet, in which he laid down the boles of the " S sciety of G Tin in I.illiistry and Commerce. " This society, which soon reckoned from 5,000 to 6.000 members, was regularly organised. Its statutes were suhmit , ed to the ap prohatem of the Germanic confederation and of the different ' governments. It hada local correspondent in every city, and a provincial corresprmdent in every state. Tne central committee held its sittings at Nuremhurg. It published a weekly jour nal, entitled Orya.ae de l' bulustrie et du Commerce Alk moods. Every year, at the fair at Frankfurt, a general I assembly was held, to which the central committee made its report. Such was the organisation of the society of which Dr. List was the soul. He dpi not succeed with the first attempt, he had so many obstacles to overcome, so many prejudices to remove, so many interests to study. But the idea which be had undertaken to spread had strongly enough laid hold of puulic opinion to make its ultimate triumph clearly foreseen. It is well known how the partial associa tions which were formed under his influence finished in the founding, in 1833, of a grand association, which now em braces the whole of Germany, with the exception of the northern state.. This mission accomplished, Dr. List did not remain idle. lie unceasingly devoted himself to the improvement of his wcrk Strengthened by the instructim which he had acquired in his various journeys and in America; familiarised with the practice of business pursuits from his constant contact with them, he made all his re searches available to promote the grandeur and the pros perity of his country. He was constantly the promoter of every institution which might tend to consolidate the unity of Germany, The railroads, which might tend to tighten the bands of the confederated states, found in him a valous supporter. Latterly, foil of ardour, notwith s t an di ng hi s advance d age, he everted himself in the most active manner in the discussion on the principles which ought to guide the Zollverein in the reform of its tariff. Dr. List summed up his doctrines in a work which he published in 1841, under the title of " Nirional Syst An of Political Economy." This work is not only that of a German who seeks to regenerate the industry and the com merce of his c iuntry ; it is also an excellent treatise to con sult at a moment when it is sought to introduce the English theory of free-trade on the continent. He has in it particus laxly weight to point out the difference which exists between cosmopolite economy and political economy. It is to the former which belongs the principle of commercial liberty; the latter, on the contrary, taking nationalities into account, takes council from experience, and apdropriates its lessons to present wants and the particular of each people, without dis pisine the rights of the future and of humanity. Between two nations far advanced in civilisation, he says, free con currence cannot be advantageous to either one or the other, but inasmuch as they are both nearly on a par with regard to manufacturing development. Ater having laid down in this treatise the principles which directed it, he followed up its adplicaion in the journal of the Zollverein, the Zollaereitubladt, the first number of which he published in 1843. Occupied more particularly with the commercial frecZom of his country, ho demanded and supported all the augmentations of the tariffs which ttne E hhnee i evt i geedrhlrii, dative eft,: p i re : orr o d dimot u cf:o c ew ts ti itm,..h hesitation, iee: B hal iner,ftio.o principallyrl oi e The h , ne i istmdhtoer:: thread belongs might protect the national markets against the invasion of th sa i w nto th w e bi Z eh il h v e ere ha i d n d e s e linens, wh i c h e t)h i,~, in a manner fetrad,d ,L ___________. trier, and the creating of a German merchant nary an d 4 G Zu c l r l m v:rr n i fi n, lit h . e I T ia n d u al a o ft t e h r e h g a l . o i ; l y g of guiding it ,n i t, i i , 4 ;7) trial, commercial, and maritime policy ; he has % l c strengthened Germany, instead of debasing her, Ixf ure thi , =polite idea of free trade. • •. AMERICA. NEW YORK, Nov. 30.—Congress will amens% a i l this day week, and every " individual sovereign " of thieve ' s ., and powerful union looks forward with Lama • intervals, the exposition of the governmental view., h, t h , evAy foreign and domestic affairs, which the President's will, according to established usage, contain. Thalitint. recommend a vigorous prosecution of the war with Mexi co, as the only means of "coupe:Ting" an linnourah.e and per. in . t ae li t peace, there is no doubt; and I either think th s pheas • I have above quoted will be found in the (Inc a It remains, however, to b.l seen, whether the invadi a ., army of the United States can continue their p ro ßeji so Bocce-Wally as they have hitherto done, or wheats on the other hand, the Mexicans, being now fore e i• to le magi:: for their national existence, will not improv e their certainly spirited defence of hills nterey. ann adept thiv war-to-.he-knife " system, which the I,,euch final ss destructive to their designs on old Spain. li • this as it ray it t is certain that the feeling of every rill Ming man in thj'. States is opposed to a war of invasion with a pupae d am. quest anti extensian of territory ; and although, from haw now commi - ted to its prosecution ti a successful terssi s i: tio.i, no obstacle will be thrown in the way of the 'tenth s exerti.ms for that p.trpose, the expression of opidon On d e whole suNeet will be perfectly unnoserved,,mionw;elanl iaciatshiet Senate as ill the Ilowie of Representatives. The slavery abolition question will likewise furnish aleph i s s u : j , e n c e t r f .. . i i i r y d b iisi i u e s s s e il d ni t i h n at th a e co nf i r t n i. sa n c . h ,f it t w ke ~., aou ani Whigs, if not eready concluded upon, is in an 'd ram a state of negoti ttion. the united parties must thus acquire . degree of power which separately they °unlit never h o p e le attain to; and the establishment of slavery in any t an io n conquered from, or ceded by, Mexico, would then bou t , impossible. Doss the Er.g:ish public understand anything ofthe mn , me.as and vie N 4 of the anti-renters here ? Believe %e a u ,. form a much mitre powerful body than is cem e ,, n 44 posed ; and though at a first glance the accompihrang of the extreme object. of some of them appears ahso.utelyeg of the question, it is by no means improbable that the an . press will make material altenitio a in the laws of h a w and tenant, considerably diminishing the p.wer pms e a s h f the former, when the latter happens unfortunately into a rears of rent. At all events the bdl has bees g e t 1 mat ins, and if the impetus it has received lie not clinked W judicious legislation, enforced by decisive action, it Itliy mately give one of the rudest shuck; to repuhliesa junta. tions that they have yet received. The principles of free-trade are making prognis hem, age rapidly, but still they "go a-head." Tile n w teed will come into opera , ion to-morrow, and its effects will be timely watched by all parties in the Sete. Ganeral Scott took his departure from heitte this morning ; his destination is believed to be Tampico. THE F3EoIDENT . I4 MESSAGE.—It la understood that th e President's message is cut nut in the rough, aad te st , WA Jet; I I submitted, according to custom, for the append or c vet 01011 of the cabinet. The ma-ter has perfects/ the frame—the journeymen must saw it, and plane it, and dovetail it for the inspection of the pe ple. Three points, it is said, occupy prominent piaeen is this fa purl eat annual. First: The war with Mexico. It i s to be expected, from the known practic- of Mr. Pori, that consideraide space will he filled with an remelt to prove that he committed uo error, morel cr in plunginr us into thin war. He will pr ,hatity an e w on the wrongs we have suffered from Mexico; on ter non-payment of our just clime on her treasury •: on so• dry insults (real or persoual) which she has offered us, and every other matter which can be gleaned oat of the hist vy of our relations with her for the last tweaty years, for toe purpose of fucnishing a peoilication attar sending an army into her territory, and devastating the c iuntry. What sort of a case Mr. Polk will make oat, »- mains to be seen. lam a little sceptical as to his ammo. tative powers, even when he has clear right to back bia. In this case, where, to speak with all mildness, helms to justify a probable wrong. I confess I entertain no unpins expectation of his success. It will be very sitlifactory to the whole community if he can clear his skirts from tin strung euspicion of having departed without god calm froin the line of policy sketched by the father of hie coaairy, to an adherence to which under all preen dieg administrations we are indebted for the au. Bare and pslitical station we now ei,joy. The second point in the m rage is the tariff of 1846. This will be resolut..ly adhered to; out of a very natural state of things a matnificent skein of laudation will be wrought. The last quarter's revenue under the old tariff will exhioit a great tithing off, to the amount p chaps of a million or two, in comparison with the correspaudiog quintet. in 1815. If the tariff of 1842 had remained untouched, it is very possi de that the custom-house hooks would have exhibited a precisely opposite result. But what importer will now take his goods out into the market, paying high duty, when he can warehouse them unit! the 14 of De cember, and then take them out at a diminished met of tom •10or 15 per cent. ? Not a bale nor a hex will be brought into market beyond what the necessary consump tion fur the moment requires, while the warehouses are crammed to the roof with goods waiting tor the newf order of things. All the deficiency in the last quarter et 1.916 will be so much added to the revenue of the firs quarter of the new tariff, bating the amount lost to the coda! ry and the revenue by the dim' hed datir at which the eoo,ls will be tali.% out of the warehouse. Yet it is on this ground that Mr. Polk will build up ea:culatious of the produc , iten, so of the new tariff. which sell dau.e the feeble sighted, and make the clear sighted smile. The other point on which Mr. Polk will dwell a little, is the imposition of duties on ti a and coffee. As a revenue nicaaire, this will be so commended—and truly, if the war is to mums through the neat summer, we must expect to be taxed, directly or ineirectly. I have not heard whether the Prose dent has touched that quicksand, direct taxerion.—rnded States Gazette. COLONIAL. BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. --------- CANAIM.—POLITICi AND LAW.—The Magma llcraltl notice- rumours that the Attorney Gen.tal (Canada Weit) was to be promoted to the bench, the late Solicitor- General to be made Attorney-General, and the Judge (tit is not named) who,e retirement made rem for those move meets, to return to po.itical life as President of the Coun cil. Two legal decision of some importance. art reported by the 6.1111 C journal. By the firs.t. the quetrien whether Joss cm be nerved with process on Saturday was decided in the affirmative; an appeal has, however, beon cut red to tho Privy Council. The other relates to the question whether a verbal agreement between the agent of parties io Canada and the agent of the Alliance Insurance Company is binding, the property having been destr,yed before the delivery , of any int morandiim of the insurince being effected. A verdict has, fur the fourth time, been given by a Jury in favour of the Canadian plaintiffs; but as a majority of the bench think this decision incorrect, anetner new trial is inked for. The Herald states, "We have had some causes tried seven or eight times." BOOK PlKATES.—American editions of Dickens "Deal ings with the Firm of Dombey and Son," are openly sold at Montreal, notwithstanding the law of copy right "The reason," says the Montreal Herald. " at least one reason—is, that lists of the books made cops right in England, arc only sent out periodically, so that the Yuiskee publishers get the start of the Custom-house 'deices. At present the law is inoperative, except as a serious restraint upon wrens who require to sec new works as they appear.' This ex plains the case of " Dombey and Son ;" but how are we to account for advertisements and reviews in the Montreal papers of Harper and Drot!iers' (uf New York) issue of the • Pictorial History of England," with an " Agent for Mont real " blazoned on them ? PUNI.ILMENT Or , YANKEE DROERTION AOHNTO.—Os intormations fits d by tae Solicitor-General on behalf of her Majesty, against one Thomas Caine and one Georg* Wether.dl, fur persuading and procuring Al minder Smith and Robert Nicholson, privates in the 93rd regiment, to de. Ken the service, the defendants were tried, convicted of the offence, and condemned, separately, to pay the penalty of forty pounds sterling, with costs, and to be committed for six months, end for such further time as the penalty shall remain unpaid.— Quebec Gazette, Nov. 11. Et Ltrixorits.—This (an9lia, extinguishers) is the new name given by the intelligent habitant to the demagogue opponents of the education act. A distusidon has arisen between the Montreal Iferahl, l'ilot, and ifinerre in consequence of insults offered by the attgnoirt to Dr. Nam, M. Morin, and other friends of education at u public meeting at Nicolet. We take the account of the scene, which appeared in the Minerre:—M. Morin, it is s rid, provoked the auditors to interrupt him, and "was at last thrown down jeer a bat) amidst the outrages of the multitude: . Dr. Meilleur, a friend who accompanied M. Morin, wee " made a witness of a manifestation of popular opinion, which will, in all probability, deter him from ever again attempting to play upon the habitant, in order to subject them to a tax on their lands ; his person el security being only attributable to the sanctity of the dav and the sobriety of the people." This version of the story is given in a letter signed " Luc M. Crease, Maire of Nicolet." Foeca TRADE.—On the 14th of August last the Mont real Board of Trade issued a report on the measures which that body thought necessary to insure justice to the colony. under the liberal commercial policy now acl.pted by the mother -country. lit that report four measures were recom mended : I. The repeal of the Imperial differential duties. 2. The repeal of the 33. frontier duty on Am.vicin wheat. 3. Soh a inoMfication of the lititish navigation taws as wig leave US free to employ. at our option, the cheapest vivaria we can prtlCUre, whitaer tier be 11n!.1.4 or foreign. 4. Ihe removal of all resuictiom that nt w operate APO' the free trade of the M. Lawrence. The report was referred to a special committee of the Quebec Board of Trade, who have reported in their turn. The com mittee concur in the proposal to repeal the as. frontier . d?ty on American wheat. Th e y a b s t a i n front giving any opinion on the proposal to remove restrictions un the navigation of the St. Lawrence, " believing that the question is better un derstood by the imperial g overnmen t . " T i hey demur in so fur to the repeal of the imperial tinibtr dimes: they dis sent from the proposal to modify the navigation laws, on the ground that they believe British and colonial vessels can, de Jaao, carry cheaper than American. The difference be tween the views of the two boards of trade has this tangos , the Montreal Board consists of general merchants; the Quebec of shipping and l um b er agents; the Montreal Board consasts of colonists trading on their own capital; the Quebec of agents tor great London houses. THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, -DECEMBER 18, 1846. WI I