The Express. — London, England, 1862-11-21 00:00:00

OWE SMITH AND CO.'S PURE EXTRACT of CALVES' FRET, For Invalids and Culinary Use. Sold le 6.1 , It, and 4a. packets. by all chemists. grocers, de. MANUFACTORY. M LITTLE PORTLAND-ST., Regentet, W. OFFICES, ISA, BUSH-LANE, Cannonetreet, C. N.B.—Priao Medal awarded for excellence of quality. 0 EOOND-HAND PIANOFORTES. 63 MANIA MEI • dad WOOD hare a kris moctateet of seoced.baad Plesetoclea, by the meet usteggseg who; at greatly reduced prtosa-201. Itegeat-tireet. On the 11 December iU be published, price 44., SOMEBODY'S LUGGAGE, Forming the CHRISTMAS DOUBLE NUMBER ALL THR YEAR ROUND. Conducted by CHARLES DICILLI4S. IN FUN THIS WEEK, One Penny, The New Rape of the Lord. The Right Roth J. V. hitealtle. Annanack and Dieu. Prize Emma Comic &eyetweak'. Songs for the nrong, dc., de. Now ready, handsomely bound in Magenta cloth, gilt, price M. dd.; post paid ea each VoL, THE FIRST and SECND HALF-YEARLY VOLUMES otFUN, with numerous Engravings by talented Artiste. Also now ready, FUN ALHANACK, with 24 Comic Cuts. One Penny. Office, 80, Flectatreet. EU, erarreoo. TO 001LSZSPONDINTS. &catamounts intended for " The &press" London Evening =, unit be et the Ake, 10, Boineriewtreet, by Two it en the day of publication. (*Van' CARDIN. THIS EvEtrno. ?RA DIAVOLO. Iddße. Parepa, MW Susan Ppm ; Slew& W. H. Weiss, H. Corti. A. Cook. E. Duasek, C. yralu, and W. Harrison.—Conductor, Mr. A. Henan.— Commence at 8. HAYMARKET'. Ts= STRKEIR, A lIALVIITRIL TO MARRY. Mks F. Romer. AXIItICAN COUSIN. Mesas. Sabena. Buckstone . Mra ritzerilllam. —DUCK HUNTING. Mrs.Wilklns.—And JACK'S RITURN FROM CANTOS. The Ledercgo. PRI NCE‘TS. Two RelmonL TIRE TREE; ALL. MINIM Stephens and R. Venni ; Manes Aylmer and MILITIV.—ONIC GOOD TURN DE MONS.; ANOTRY.R. Messrs. G. Wining and Atepne : Mb, Amy Sedgertek.—And A ROLAND FOB AN OLIVER BRITANNIA. THIS Moms, CART ON THE MERCY OF THE WORLD. lira S. Lane.--Illoging by Miss H. Coveney, Mr. W. Randall. Profe.tor Daley and Little Bob.—Danetiot %Mlle. C. Stephan. —And THE FATAL BRAND. Mr. G. Cooke and MI Loney. HIGH WATT 3. AT LONDON' GRIGG& Day Mmenthor. Om....Afterwmo. Ht. 25m. T o-Tmosaow—MornlAL lb. 50m... 212. 101 s. LONDON, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 21. Ws are not surprised at the indignant remon strances called forth by the blind and indiscrimi- nating attacks which have been made on the employers and ratepayers of Lancashire by some who have mere party purposes to serve, and by others who ought to know better. The report of the Manchester Committee, which we published yesterday, may well call a blush to the cheek of those unwitting slanderers who, living at a distance from the scene of perplexity and suffering, have recklessly lent their aid to swell the clamour that has been raised against the upper and middle classes of the distressed districts without distinc Lion, because they have not in a Beason of unpre cedented exigency in all respects followed the pre- scribed models and methods in use in ordinary times. At the root of the whole question of relief lice the obvious truth, which no virulence of abuse can disguise, that the present calamity is essentially exceptional, and in its nature unlike those casual aggravations of poverty with which particular districts from time to time are visited. The standing rules and maxims of Poor-Law administration are recognised as wise and sound, because they have been founded upon long experience of prevalent wants, and are suited to permanent habits and tendencies. But they wholly fail when they come to be applied to cases like the present, where a sudden cessation of the means of subsistence threatens to overwhelm a whole community, not for a brief interval, but for a period indefinitely prolonged. The eatimgale of compulsory relief by means of parochial rates is simple and intelligible enough. Society in England has been practically working out the theory for two centuries and a half ; and one would have supposed that it could hardly now-a-days be misunderstood. Yet, to read the speeches and writings of some intemperate and in considerate public declaimers, one would really imagine that the Poor Law was intended to meet every imaginable want of society, and that its machinery was capable, at a moment's notice, of being applied to every conceivable condition of things that can arise, without being dislocated or put out of gear. Fifteen years ago the same in sane error was committed in Ireland, and very' much owing to the same senseless and time serving cry having been raised, that the rateable property of each locality should per emptorily be made accountable for the support of its own poor. The rule which nobody gainsaid in ordinary seasons ought, it was said, to be en forced in the midst of famine. The experiment was tried, arid the result was that the circle of destitution rapidly and fearfully widened, while masses of property that might have helped to bear the burden were rendered for the time literally valueless ; and after au infinity of needless misery had been inflicted, and wanton ►mischief done, the stupid attempt had to be abandoned, and ex ceptional means of relief had to be provided for the exceptional distress. The same thing would inevitably happen in Lancashire if the same blind and blundering adherence to mere routine were unreservedly enforced. In Lancashire the property of each district Ita4 hitherto main tained its population, and maintained them well. Having, like Dorsetshire, its choice to pay every man and woman who could work high wages all the year round, and thus leaving hut a few to be provided for out of poor-rates, or to keep wages down to the lowest possible point of subsistence, and thereby to entail a permanent weight of Poor Law assessment—it preferred the former. Which the people liked best is clearly proved by the fact of the incessant immigration from the districts of high rates and low wages inta that where there were ample wages and trifling rates. In times of ordinary slackness of work, the Poor Law in the manufacturing districts adapted itself to the increased necessity, and nobody ever heard the increased burthen com plained of. The tests of labour were applicable, and were applied as a check upon idleness and im posture. The machinery of legal relief was for the time harder to work, hut it did not break down. Those who had been thrifty in prosperous times were practically made sensible of the benefit of their foresight and self-denial ; and those who had been improvident learned a lesson which, though hard and unwelcome, they could not resent as being cruel or unjust. But what resemblance does such a state of thingi bear to that now ex isting in the County Palatine ? Of neces sity, and with the consent of all concerned, everything in the shape of a labour test has been abandoned. With a view to pre serve order and discipline, and to turn the opportunity of physical distress to moral account, attendance for a certain number of hours at adult classes has been substituted ; and the people readily comply with the new rule. But will anyone seriously pretend that relief by wholesale thus ministered is in aoeordance with the fundamental principle of the Poor Lair? Can anyone in hie senores believe that were the legal right to subsistence on such terms to be ... . established by mew in vast and dense communi- ties, it would 1 46 possible to provide the means for it out of rates for any considerable period ? Will rOrybody have the hardihood to say that such a system could be organized and established without utter demoralization of the people and absolute confiscation of property ? Let us not be misunderstood as wishing to exempt the propertied classes of Lancashire from the pecuniary obligation which lies upon them of endeavouring to meet the present grievous calamity. Every consideration of prudence, honour, and benevolence points to uninter- mittent efforts and sacrifices in the region which has heretofore pre-eminently prospered by the loyal and diligent industry of those who are now in want. We join as heartily as any of our neighbours in execrating the sordid selfishness of those millowners and capitalists who have as yet contributed little or nothing in aid of the working people, and we are ready to concur in the severest measure of reproach which may be dealt out against the landowners whose properties have been enor mously increased in value by the enterprise and industry they have too often affected to despise. But what we contend for is, that as the mere amount of rating is not, and cannot be, a uniform or unerring test of the extent of substantial relief actnally given, so it cannot and ought not to be looked forward to as theprimary means whence relief under present circumstances should be drawn. If all patriotic and Christian effort were suspended to-morrow by the foolish cry that some of our contemporaries have raised against the owners of wealth in Lancashire, and could the whole population now out of work be driven in the name of a perverted law to the workhouse gates to sue for daily bread, a greater social blunder and a greater political crime could not be perpetrated. The people are now patient, tran quil, and undebauched ; let us hope, also, that they are not ungrateful for the proofs they daily receive of sympathy and kindness from all classes of the community and all parts of the kingdom. Inestimable good is thus being educed out of eviL Instead of being exasperated by suf fering and bewildered by despair, the nnem ployed masses are kept not merely alive, but, as the returns prove, in tolerable health, and, as the testimony of all observers declares, in excellent temper, partly, and we believe we may say to a great extent, by the unadvertising munificence of their respective employers, partly by the free-will offerings of aid from the nation at large, and partly also through the instrumentality of the Poor Law. It is our decided conviction that this conjoint and co-operative system of relief is a wiser and a better thing by far than it would be to leave all to be done by any one method. If opulent employers could be bullied, as we humbly trust in GOD they will not be, into ostentatious forms of charity, shutting their hearts against the old hands that have served them long and well, they might doubtless cheaply purchase by contributions to the Central Fund worthless praise from the unthinking, and exemption from a heavy weekly call upon their resources. But what would be the consequence ? Their parish rates would indeed be quickly raised, and the splenetic rancour of their calumniators would for an hour be silenced ; but if bitterness and re sentment did not soon overflow around them, it would be because their deserted and pauperised hands would have sought new homes and fields of toil, and abandoned a locality where, when they were wanted, they would not be found. If, upon the other hand, the necessarily irregular and preca rious resources of national voluntary benevolence were wholly relied on, great inequalities of relief must inevitably result. In every system of spon taneous charity, however generously planned and carefully organized, there must be a wide margin allowed for partiality and abuse. Relief from the rates conies in happily and well to redress all such inequalities. What we now see passing before our eyes in this great Lancashire trouble is, in fact, like all the best and noblest things we have amongst us, not a single or simple result of any one cold, calculating theory, or principle, or law, but the mingling of several distinct streams of good, having their sources wide apart, but tending naturally and uncompelled to one happy conflu ence. WHAT are Mr. COWPER'S people doing at the Kensington end of Rotten-row ? The wire fence which was put up before the opening of the Exhibition, and which, in fact, divided the Row into a road for carriages and a road for riders on horseback, is beginning to be taken away. In fact, Mr. COWPER seems determined to destroy the new road which was made as an approach to the Exhibition between the Bayswater-road and Kensington. Now, why should this be ? This road has existed for months—it has been used by the rich and by the poor, certainly by all the per sons who desired to get by the shortest road from Paddington or Tyburnia to Kensington, the Ex hibition, or Brompton. Its existence has caused no sort of inconvenience to the people on horseback or upon foot, to old gentlemen or young ladies, to nurseryn.aida with perambulators or without per ambulators ; why, then, should it be stopped up ? If Parliament had been now sitting perhaps Mr. COW PER'S experience of former defeats might have rendered him more cautious ; at all events, it would have been possible to have the matter discussed, and answers made to such questions as have been suggested. But in the month of November the public is helpless. In such a matter as this Mr. Cominissioner CowrEß becomes dictator, and he can only he restrained by his own common sense and public spirit from giving his fellow-citizens infinite annoyance. If the new road between Bayswater and Kensing ton is to be abut up, at all events let it be done after due deliberation. Every one knows the difficulty of restoring a state of things which has ceased to exist. There can be no seri ous necessity for closing the road immediately ; let it only remain open for a month or two longer, and then the whole subject may be debated in Parliament. There are two reasons, however, which seem conclusive in favour of maintaining the road as it at present exists. Anyone who knows London knows that there are two enormous towns which stretch away from Kensington-gardens on either side. There are hundreds of persons in either quarter whose business and pleasure require that they should communicate with each other, and to whom time is a matter of considerable moment. Why should they be prevented crossing the Park by the shortest road ? Why should those who live in Oxford-square or Craven-hill, or even further off, be compelled to go round by Park-lane, or through the wilds of Kensington, in order to reach Princes gate or Brompton T There might be something to be said if the road did not already exist, or if any inconveniences were apprehended from its construction. But the road is made—it has been open for months—it has proved an immense con- THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 21, 1862. venienos. Why, then, should Mr. COWPIR shut it up But there is a second reason. Piccadilly is over crowded ; indeed at some hours of the day it is a work of no ordinary danger to get acmes it. This is especially the cane near Hyde-park gate, and at the corner of Park-lane. Now the effect of the new road is to diminish the stream of carriages, cabs, and other vehicles, which, coming from Tybumia and Paddington, are compelled to come round by Park-lane in order to get into the Kensington road. Mr. COWPER displayed great courage and common sense in opposing the Duke of Buccutucu and his squire, Mr. HORMILLN, in their attempt to ex clude the public from the embankment near Westminster-bridge. Mr. Commissioner Cowraa then insisted, and with very good reason, that by opening a second and parallel road the jamb in Par liament-street would be relieved. The public applauded him, and his measure was carried. But why should not the same argument be applied to the new road through the Park ? It is obvious that the traffic which leaves by this way will very considerably diminish the traffic in Park-lane, and thus not only relieve that thoroughfare, but pre vent the jamb in Piccadilly. The very same reason which gave Mr. Covires the victory over the Duke of BuccLevcx ought to give him the victory over himself in the road across Hyde-park. Besides which there is obvious convenience to the public, which is of itself enough. As to the reasons which may have actuated Mr. COW PER in closing the new road, there is some difficulty in fathoming them. Before the road was opened it was said that Rotten-row would be spoiled, and that it would be difficult to cross the ride. But experience has proved the futility of such an assertion—no inconvenience whatever has been experienced by the Row being divided by a wire fence. The cabs and carriages and omnibuses have not materially increased the diffi culties of crossing the ride beyond what they were when the whole ride was appropriated to horsemen. Nor have the vehicles proved the slightest incon venience to the equestrians. Again, as to the danger of desecrating the Parks by allowing cabs or even omnibuses to come into Hyde-park, that is a question which St. James's-park has long settled. A four-wheel or a Hansom cab is quite as agreeable to look upon, and very often quite as respectably freighted, as a Brougham or a carriage and pair. And it is simply intolerable refinement to object to the distant sight of a cab or an omnibus in Hyde-park, or to pretend that the pre sence of human beings in public vehicles is more destructive to decorum than the presence of similar human beings who can afford to keep their private carriages. ebt court. WINDSOR CASTLE, Nov. 20. The Queen, Princess Alexandra, and Princess' Louise drove out in a carriage and four yesterday afternoon, attended by Lord Charles Fitz-Roy. Pnnoess Alexandra, Prince and Princess Louis of Hesse, and Princess Helena, attended by the Countess of Caledon, Baroness Von Grapey, Lieutenant-Colonel Hon. D. de Roe, and Captain Westerweller, went to-day to Claremont, and returned in the afternoon. The Judge Advocate• General had an audience of the Queen. Lord Palmerston arrived at the Castle yesterday, and had an audience of her Majesty. 1 General and Madame d'Ozholm have retuned to Loudon A Cabinet Council was held yesterday at the' official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury in Downing-street. The ministers present were Viscount Palmerston, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Granville, the Duke of Argyll, Sir George Grey, Earl Russell, the Duke of Newcastle, Sir G. C. Lewis, Sir Charles Wood, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Somerset, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, the Right Hon. Edward Cardwell, and Lord Stanley of Alderley. Viscount Palmerston returned to town yesterday from Windsor Castle. Despatches were sent yesterday from the Colonial-office to the Governor of Canada. A letter from Rome of the 15th says :—" The Prince of Wales arrived here last Wednesday with his sister and his brother-in-law, the Princess and the Prince of Prussia. They proceeded with their suite to the Palais Caffarelli, on the Capitol, which haa been for a long time the Prussian embassy. The Prince of Wales, who hoe already studied at Roma daring a whole winter, 1858.9, acts with much interest as cicerone to his companions. The Pope, of course, will not fail to show the greatest cor diality to them heretical royalties. After having received them he will pay them a visit." His Excellency the Ambassador of France and the Countess de Flahsult will leave Albert-gate house on Monday, to join the circle assembled at Wrest Park, Bed fordshire. The Duke of Hamilton arrived at his mansion it. Arlington-street yesterday. Maria Marchioness of Ailesbury arrived in town yesterday from visiting Frances Countess Waldegrave at Strawberry Hill. The Earl and Countess of Malmesbury, who ar rived in town • few days ago front a tour of visits, will leave on or about the 25th inst. for Knowsley Hall, on a visit to the Earl and Countes of Derby. . . The Earl and Countess of Tankerville have been entertaining a select party at Chillingbam Castle, North umberland. The Earl and Countess of Fife will come to town on Wednesday next, from Dines House, Moray, where they have been receiving a succession of visitors. Viscount and Viscountess Cistlerosse, who are now on a visit to the Emperor and Empress of the French at Compihine, are expected to return to England early in the ensuing month. Colonel Dawson Darner, M.P., and the Hon. Mrs. Darner have left town to join Lord and Lady Rukeby at Nice. ENGLISH DIPLOMACY. The Temps of to-day has the following para graphs : It is stated that Earl Russell has addressed to the Eng lish representatives accredited to the foreign powers a cir cular treating the question of the candidates to the throne of Greece. Mention is made of a new despatch which M. Drouyn de Lhoys has sent to the English cabinet on the subject of the mediation in America, in reply to the Lust note of Earl Russell. _ _ _ SPAIN. A Madrid letter says :—" The maritime question with respect to the island of Cuba is about to receive a fresh impulsion. The Spanish govern ' moot is determined to take advantage of a fresh despatch which is to be addressed to Mr. Seward, Secretary of State at New York, to again demand the limit of sii miles for the jurisdiction of Spain from her coasts ; that limit Spain wishes to esta blish as a principle for all maritime nations." POLAND. A Warsaw letter in the Slide says : The telegraph must have informed you of the murder of Volkoer, the chief of the secret police. The perpetrators of this crime have as yet esc.ped all the researches of justice, and it is impossible to say how far political motives led to the asssasination. Volkoer was an officer of the Russian army, but resigned several years back in order to enter the service of M. Macbanoti, who has left such melancholy recollections here. He was first charged to organise schools for converting the children who frequented them to the Greek church, and was afterwards appointed director of a school at Warsaw. His conduct, however, caused such complaints that it was found necessary to re• move him. He then entered the secret police, of which be at last became the principal agent. He is reproached with having in that position committed a groat number of acts of injustice and abuse of power. He was • hard and cruel man, and sought out with • sort of zeal opportunities of making his power felt. He was maid to have denounced and I arrested Alexander Z.unoyski, the man employed at the Credit Foncier Company, for having • clandestine press, and whose detention and examinatioo were accompanied by tortures the recital of which, officially denied, bat which could not be disproved by any direct proof, caused some months back such a sensation in Europe. THE FRENCH COURT. The Emperor Napoleon went on •Wednesday to the village of Berryau-B+e, about 30 leagues from CompiZ-gne, to visit the site of a camp of Caner. Excava tions, executed according to indications of his blajeity, have laid open a ditch of 4,000 metres in extent, which `efeoded the front and approaches of the_camp, as well as The marriage of Mr. Kennedy Erskine, of Dun, --- - ---- • the revs. only sou of Lady Augusta Gordon Hallyburton, and grand. in order to settle these p oints, and the opinion ! ['the our entrances which led iota it. The Emperor wu son of the late Marquis of Ades, with Catherine, only sur- • which Earl Russell expresses of the necessity I acco mpanied by Heron do Saulcy, member of the Institute ; riving child of the late Mr. Jones, of Heollys, Carmarthen- upon our part of the said concessions is, I am ' Colonel Castelnau, one of his aidewde-camp ; and Coin shire, was celebrated on Tuesday at St. George's, Hanover szatriLins presence of a numerous circle of immediate convinced, accompanied by an entire approval meant Stoffel, orderly officer. A letter from Compi4ne toys :—" Two days ago, while of the two conditions which I have just men- I rid riends. . • • the Emperor was presiding at • Council of Ministers, His Excellency the Lord - Lieutenant will visit the toned. As regards the internal affairs of of ' the third stag hunt took place in the forest. The north of Ireland towards the close of the ensuing month . Schleswig, we had hoped that our line l Empre . , in a morning dress, and accompanied by He will be the guest of Lord hiauareene. ' conduct was not less calculated to ensure the sym- several of the guests, was preterit at the meet, in a The Supreme Council of Commerce appointed to pathos of the English government. The intention char-i-dune. The stag was started in the neighbourhood inquire into the operation of the French Navigation Laws which the King spontaneously expressed at the time of the Bouquet-Gras, and was killed in a very short time, sat on Tuesday, pursuant to notice. Mr. Lindsay. M.P.. respecting this duchy (the engagement of honour— near La Brevi&e. The cures took place as usual in attended, and was under examination the whole day. 'to use the expression employed by Earl Russell the evening- His Majesty, accompanied Ly M. de Castel lano, one of his orderly officers, lately took a walk in An English choral society has just been formed —which the King is said to have the town, and entered the shop of M. Lerner, a jeweller, in Paris to afford English residents those facilities for the i mme diately and taken) were conscientiously fulfilled by oh practice of glees, anthems, Sir., which are so common in and stopped for half an hour inspecting the numerous England. Tho meetings are held on Wednesday evenings jean of art and antiquity which it contained. Among other him. Even in what concerned the regulations rela at eight, 119, Faubourz St. Honor.., where any ladies orby the Emperor were two magni fi cent tive to the use of the two languages, a subject which purchases made gentlemen desirous of becoming members are invited to I now repeat was in no wise mentioned in the' pieces of furniture of the time of Louis XIII., a picture of Smokers by Teeters, kr." attend. The society possesses the services of a late mem- correspondence of 18M, the government has scrupu since t h e sr ,. i His Excellency N. Drouyn de Lhuys has left Paris for her of the choir of the Chapel Royal, Windsor. The sub scription is sfr. per quarter.' CoinutZ ne where he purposes remaining a week . The third , rangemen The state of Mdlle. Emma Livry is more maths- , series of the guests left Paris yesterday for the imperial lonely observed d w the it force sane are cour" the same which in 1 •g ' provoke any objection whatever. 1 factory, as the fever has almost entirely subsided, and in 1551 did not residers*. Among them are the Arab chiefs who lately When afterwards Lord Russell recommended left Algiers for the purpose. the opinion of bar medical attendants all fear of danger has disappeared. the extension of the liberties granted to the -- Queen Amelia of Greece has paid a visit to the Provincial Diet of Schleswig, the King had already Captain Malan, of the United States army, ex-Queen of Naples at Augsburg. The latter has made her 'in his speech from the throne of this year announced . oommander of the Columbia and Missouri overland route arrangements for passing the winter at the Ursuline • the same intention. But such a development could ' expedition, baa returned home after • five years' absence. Convect. ! only be the work of his Majesty's free will, ande nactbee employed in constructing a military and 'mi ne Roman correspondent of the Temps says • ' his Majesty would also be the beat judge of the grant r from the head waters of the Columbia river to "No news of the Queen of Naples. The King is much • opportunity for such a measure. The govern- . those of the Miesouri across the Rooky Mountains and meat will proceed to this when the situation of the ree d passe. through large bucks of rich agricultural land. afflicted at her obstinacy. The Pope constantly complains . through the territories of Washington and Dacotab. ' The of it. He says, 'Poor Prince! As a child be lost his Holstein question will permit it to do so, and in Extensive deposits of gold were discovered in the valleye, mother, as a young man his kingdom and his admirable 1 the new organisation which it Len intends togive to and iron, copper, lead, and coal were found along the road. father, as • husband his wife."' LATEST INTELLIGENCJE. (azirrift's TILEGILAMS.) IMPORTANT FROM AMERICA. (Per Norwegian.) NEW YORK, Nov. 10. General M'Clellan has been relieved of the com mar.tl of the army of the Potomac. General Burn side has been appointed his succeaaor. General YOClellan has virtually retired from active service. A correspondence between General Halleck and I, . the Secretary of War has been published, in I , which the former states that he issued 1 peremptory orders to General M'Clellan on the 6th of October to cross the Potomac and give battle to the enemy, or drive him south. General M'Clellan failed to obey this order, on the ground that he was short of supplies. General Halleck, however, states that General M'Clellan's requisitions were promptly supplied, and there was Inothing to prevent him from advancing. General M'Clellan's removal has caused consider able excitement in the army, and among the people generally. All the republican journals endorse the President's action. The New York World, however, thinks that Jefferson Davis could have no better aid than General M'Clellan's removal. The New York Herold thinks that the removal will be received with doubts and apprehensions by the Conservatives. . I It is reported from Louisville that the Confede- rates, under General Breckenridge, 28,000 strong, have attacked Nashville on two sides. They were repulsed on one side, but the result of the attack ou the other is not known. Changes in the Federal cabinet are talked of. The Harper's Ferry Investigating Committee have censured General M'Clellan for marching only six miles a day in pursuit of the enemy. General Lee has evaded the Federals, so as to avoid fighting in the Shenandoah Valley, and is supposed to be at Gordonsville. Two divisions of General Rosencranz' army had arrived at Nashville. No confirmation has been received of the reported surrender of 3,000 Confederates at Plymouth, Caro lina. The draft in New York city has been postponed indefinitely. General Beauregard has ordered all slaves and non-combatants to leave Charleston. The Hammonia, Glasgow, and Bohemian have arrived out. COMM ERCI AL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, Nor. 10, Evexisc. Money tighter ; gold, 32it premium. Exchange —Bankers' bills, 147. Stocks steady ; New York Central, 103.1 ; Illinois, 79i ; Nye, 64E. Cotton very firm ; middling upland, 62c. Flour, good in quiry at an advance of 10c.; wheat 3c. higher. Provisions quiet. Coffee advancing. Sugar and molasses very firm. MEXICO. VERA CRUZ, Ocr. 19. General Forey is at Orizaba, making prepa rations for occupying all the passes which command Puebla. General Ortega has been appointed commander of the Mexican troops. DENMARK. The following, being the full text of the reply of the Danish government to the note of Earl Russell, of the 24th September, in reference to the affairs of Schl.swig-Holstein (a telegraphic summary of which has already been published), has been re ceived at Mr. Renter's office : "Monsieur,—l believe it due to the interest which Earl Russell has always manifested towards Denmark to reply without delay to the despatch (a copy of which is subjoined) which Mr. Paget communicated to me yesterday, and which has caused us the more surprise and regret as, up, to the present time, Earl Russell had expressed very different views from those towards which he now seems to incline. Earl Russell commences his lespatch by putting aside the position of Holstein iu the monarchy as no longer forming the object of discussion. We also think this question exhausted, but in the sense that the definitive solution only depends upon the regulation of certain points wham necessity cannot be denied. With regard to the demand of the German Diet, our attitude is clear and plainly defined. We have shown that the privilege which the Diet requires for the Holstein Estates of voting the comnion budget and the general laws, so far as regards the duchy, is as contrary to public right as the demand is insupportable from the point of view of the competence of the Diet to prefer it. We have nevertheless declared that we should be ready to accede to this demand, whatever that course might entail upon the integrity of the monarchy, if this eventual position of Holstein could be defined iu such a manner that the re mainder of the monarchy was not reduced to con tinual dependence upon Germany, and if by this sacrifice our relations with the Confederation could be re-established upon a durable basis. We have entered into negotiations with Prussia and Austria the provincial states of Schleswig it will follow the same liberal principles which guide it in its admi nistration. It will especially follow them in the drawing up of the new electoral law, which it is universally admitted constitutes the most indispen sable element of every fresh arrangement of affairs in the duchy. Lord Russell next touched upon the question of the common constitution as far as it concerns the kingdom and Schleswig. I have in 1 this respect nothing to add to that which you have already said to the minister, and you will beg of his lordship to see in the explanations which you have already offered him the definitive expres- R i on of the views of the government of the 1 King. I shall not enter into any details to prove how little foundation exists for the objection that the constitution ought to have been submitted Ito the vote of the different special representative bodies of the monarchy. I have already demon- Istrated this point sufficiently. But whatever might have been the opinion of the Frankfort Diet with I regard to the right of the Holstein Estates, I prefer to believe that, as far as concerns the kingdom and Schleswig, Earl Russell, although expressing an opinion, will not misunderstand the imperative duty which forbids the King to sub mit himself to the judgments of Germany in the appreciation of that which he owes to those of his states which do not belong to the German Confedera tion. Little astbe common oonstitution is tainted. with 1 any formal defect, equally little would it be possible to replace it by the organisation of which Earl Russell has attempted to sketch the principal fea tures, without the monarchy being dissolved, and without that very integrity which it was the I object of the treaty of London to preserve becoming greatly compromised. In his despatch Earl Russell himself has set forth with perfect accuracy the dangers which such an organisation would convey to large and powerful monarchies. With stronger reason be will readily acknowledge, I believe, that in a state like Denmark this organisa tion would produce anarchy, and be followed by the complete dismemberment of the monarchy. The maintenance of the common constitution for the kingdom and Schleswig is therefore a question of life and death for Denmark ; and the more the government is penetrated with this certainty, the more it is determined not to depart from the line of conduct marked out for it by this conviction. " I request you, sir, to read this despatch to the minister, and leave him a copy of this. lam thoroughly convinced that Earl Russell, even in giving the advice which has just been transmitted to us, did not intend to place himself in opposition to the sympathies which be has always manifested towards Denmark. This sincere interest and the reminiscence of the political antecedents of his lordship give me the firm hope that he will find in our frank explanations sufficient motives for not further uphold ing the proposals which I feel persuaded ho could only have put forward, because it is not as evident to him as to us that their adoption would be the prelude of the annihilation of the constitutional life in Denmark, and would speedily imperil even the existence of the monarchy.—l have the honour, Sze. (Signed) "C. Hsu.. " M. von Bille." GREAT EIRE IN WHITEIGGAR.', Lad evening, noon after five o'clock, :t lire br.,10• out in the extensive oil, tallow, and turpentine wareh.,,,," belonging to Mears. Price and Co., William-street, Whit,. friars. The warehouses of Miners. Price rover a large are. of ground, extending from William-street down to the waterside, about 600 yards in depth rod 100 in width , bounded on the west by the premises of the Cite (4, Works, and on the east by the coal depot of &siva Capel, and the warehouses of the Yorkshire Iron Company. These warehouses were filled with corks of oil, tallow, and to : . pentine—an immense stock being kept on hand. The 'ma. men, while proceeding with the business, were alarmed) e the sudden outbreak of flames in the sperm oil wareh ni.:. and before any effectual aid could be obtained the .1,0, warehouse was in flames from the basement to the r oo f. The flames were so fierce, and the heat so intense, as entirely to preclude any attempt to extinguish the ire on p ut of the numerous workmen employed, and in less than nf teen minutes from the first alarm being given tie alvd e range of warehouses, extending from the counting-bc--e down to the water's edge, were in one man of flame•, tL•. roof and floors falling in succession with loud serest•. There were four bargee lying alongside the wharf attached to the warehouses, laden with oil, turpentine, &e., she h also speedily fell a prey to the flames- In cousequence of the extent and inflan•mability of the stock in Messrs. Privo's premises, and its contiguity to the City Gas Works, th r greatest alarm prevailed in the neighbourhood fr,r 4 fear of an explosion. Fortunately, however, the wind blew in a southerly direction, divertinz the flames from the large gasometer overlooking Me•srs. Price's premises. During the progress thus mad. by the flames a large number of the Brigade es;iars had arrived from all the stations in London, attracted l.y the strong reflection, as also the new steam engine belong. lug to Mr. Hodges, the distiller. The two floating eaglets ; were also brought up the river, and moored off the of devastation. From some unaccountable caw* there mat for some time a short supply of water for the land engiats. and the tide being low, it was also some time before the floating engines could be got to work. The firemen ha,u at last got their engines into play, they found it quits useless to make any attempt to save the lower wartime.' of Messrs. Price, and directed their efforts to the ape, warehouses, counting-house, and dwelling houses, wind were with much difficulty preserved. By this time the fire had obtained possession of the ail depot of Mean. Cassel, occupying a long range of preens. These were speedily destroyed, and the fire next &twice the back portions of the homes Nos 11, 12, 13, and It, I t Chatham-place, but by gnat exertion on the part id the firemen the damage done was confined to the roofs sod the back rooms upon the upper doors. The firemen were ne t s. gently occupied from their arrival until 10 o'clock at night, at which time the fire was well got wider, and all further danger at an end. A few of the casks of oil were got out of the burning warehouses and rolled into Williameneet bat with this exception the whole of the valuable steams cot aumed. It is impossible to estimate the value of the pro. perty destroyed, but it will probably amount to 40,10 W. s t 50,0001. Mesas. Price were insured, but the loss will. it I expected, far exceed the amount of the insanace. Then warehouses of Messrs. Price were destroyed by fire 17 yen ago, when several explosions took place, and some cf to firemen lost their live The concourse of people attracted by the fire, whin could be seen from all parts of London, was intone. Blackfriars -bridge, from which the best view of the weal could be obtained, was crowded to excess, and the tide bag low the foreshores on each side of the river were no thronged by spectators. The ,river between Waterloo ad Blackfriars bridges was crowded with wherries, and the barges lying alongside the various wharves were also filW with people. The scene altogether much resembled its great Tooley-street fire in June, 1861. At 12 o'dock last night all fear of the further spread d the fire being at an end, Captain Shaw, Mr. Renders" dr. Hodges, and a body of the Brigade, made as close an mow tion of the ruins as possible, but the intense heat throes out from the still burning ruins, and the dangerapi cos. dition of the walls of the 'destroyed warehouses, made the a work of great difficulty end danger. It was fond that the fire was still raging fiercely in the vaults rus ning under the warehouses, and it was again fond seer eery to bring the brigade steam engines, and also that it Mr. Hodge, into operation, and at 1 o'clock this morsig large bodies of water were being poured into the preens without making any perceptible diminution in the tens, which were shooting up with great force in all director". Mr. Arthur Price, the resident partner in the firm, with t large staff of his clerks and workmen, were rendering ewo assistance to the firemen. During the height of the fire i appears several of the firemen were severely injured by the falling debris, and three of them engaged in playing re Oa backs of the houses in Chatham-place from the roof of Mr. Capers coal depot, were at one time completely oinked in a dense cloud of smoke, and narrowly escaped with the Brea. All the books of the firm were saved, but were man damaged by water and removal. The origin of the fire cannot yet be ascertained, but it e thought to have arises from spontaneous combustioe. OFFICIAL REPORT, hc.—(THIS DAY.) This fire, it is to be regretted, has been attended with greater destruction of property than was at first anticipate/ Subjoined is the official report furnished by Captain Shaw: Meows. C. Price and Co., oil refiners, Wili a m street Blackfriars—Three warehouses of two storeys destroys!, root of adjoining house damaged by fire, and front of sae• houses opposite and in yard severely wombed, sod three barges in the river severely burned. 13 and 14, Chatham-place, M. H. Bonthell, lodV house keeper—Back windows burned out aid roof &mold by fire. Insured in the Phoenix sod Sun Fireoffices. No. 12, ditto, Mr. R. Keyser, hotel keeper and apid merchant—Similar damage. Insured in the Seas FllO-OEIO I No. 11, ditto—J. Fisher, wine and spirit mercbaat— Same damage. Insurange not known. No. 9, ditto, Mr. IL Keyser, hotel keeper db. 1 1 Royal), back front scorched, and contents slightly &curl by water, he. Insured in the Sun Fire-office. Mr. Thorium Hodson and Mr. W. W. Mahon, with Me. Chas. White, of the County; Mr. Lsngbam, of the Loyal, and other officials, were busily engaged during the morsel in finding out the cause of the fire and the extent of propotl consumed, but nothing of a positive character could be ;leaned. ANOTHER SERIOUS FIRE.-(THIS DAY.) This morning shortly before 3 o'clock, anl *WA the fire was still burning in Mears. Price's warehouse% tY brigade received the unwelcome intelligence that their ur vices would be again required at Unckhead, to atuA conflagration equal in extent, from what cell be soon from the Middlesex side of the rice, as the one they were then engaged in ex tiuguishien An immense building of brick and timber, two noon , hzi fitted up with costly machinery, and containiog about 1,.. tons weight of coal, was in a blaze. Adjoining this bui:x* stood the warehouses on Corder's-wharf, marked M se' g. and on the other aide was Moriton-wharf , the Pnlon! d( Messrs. J. Burry and Co., the whit/fingers. To over" , a fire consisting of 1,400 tons of coal was a work of so littA difficulty, and the effluvium emitted from the coals was each as to nearly blind the firemen. however, stuck to their poste in an intrepid Ins ol6 ' I The scene was fearful ; the flames eve so high that slausgt a dense fug overhung the metropolis St. Paul' , to brilliantly illuminated, and the reflection of the fin 01 the river had an extraordioary appease water looked like burnished gold, and the crews of the d r tomtit vessels were distinctly seen. The damage done is thus officially reported No. 31, /Mud Thames. J. Ray and Sons, coal men brick and timber building. 100 feet long and :atom * fd At of two floors in height, with marhin er y , and s tons of coal all but destroyed. Ineurance unknown Corder's-wharf, Mr. Corder. wharfinger, bag; s od ek, fronts of warehouses, marked M and It, eeverel? donf'c., I by fire, and contents slightly damaged by water. 10 7 iu the Sun, /Immix, Globe, and other offices. Meritos-wharf. J. Burry and Co., wharfingert , d , damage. Insured in the Royal, the Manchester no pool, and London fire offices. .. Z OOL OGICAL SOCIIITY OF LONDOat N 11 ••• monthly . general meeting, held yesterday, the I. 6 ,6 7: house, in Hanoyerequans. Robert Hudson , in the chair, Lieut. - Col. William Hough, (al.'. L I , lees, Capt. Wade Browne, Mr. C. W. H. S.AbebY." tt &rawl Petro were elected fellows, Col. Wenlo °. Rockland, Mrs. Turnbull, and peens. Forster. rildff4). W. Beris, F. Chatfield, G. N. Vickers, E. 60 % 1 ‘. 4 .... Collie, H. Saunders, and T. M. Guest were WWl' s ' "...; didates, and Mr. Edward Greey ass correspondi n g "'":1, of tbe society. The report from the council snuoneredr; the King of Italy had presented to the society two d'e.; two chamois, mad two pairs of Italiar cattle, o, King of Portugal a leopard. The number of visitor* tn gardens to the end of October was 6.56,456.