The Express. — London, England, 1867-08-31 00:00:00

PARIS EXHIBITION FIRST-CLASS SILVER MEDAL, 1867. JUNE MLUUDEN. ORIGINAL GOLD CHAIN MANUFACTORY, %sr le. lieN1111:171.4111.111.T. COVINT.O.II3.DIN. JOHN BROGDZWB 18-carat GOLD CHAIN& JOHN BROODEN'S GOLD GUARD.CHAINS. JOHN BROOME'S GOLD ALBERT CHAINS. JOHN BROODENV GOLD BROOCH CHAINS. (PRIZE MEDAL AWARDED:. ALLEN'S PATENT PORTMANTEAUS and TR kV ELL' SO BAGS, with square ope LADIES' WARDROBE TRUNKS, DRESSIN i ertGS, with direr fittings. DESPA ECU BOXES, WRITING and DRESSING CASES, and 600 other arth les for home or continental travelling. Dlustrated catalogues pott free. Also Allen's Barrack Furulture Catalogue et Portable Bed steads Drawers, Easy Chairs. Washhand-stands, Cantatas, Ac., Pc!' J. W. ALLEN. Manufacturer and Patentee, 37, Wed Strand, London. W.C. B ROWN and POLSON'S CORN FLOUR for CHILDREN'S DIET. To obtain extra profit by the sale other kinds are sometimes offered Instead of BROWN and POLSOICS. each packci. "John Brown," "John Poison," Is signed by the makers on DAVIES'S BEST DIP CANDLES, 6id. per lb.; palace paraMn candles, Is. sperm, la led: and la 10d.: botanic wax, Is. : composite, 144., and ION.; moulds, sd. yellow soap, Stis., 40a, 445., and Ids. per 1121 b. : mottled, 48a : best Cella oil, es. 6.1. per gallon ; for cash, at M. P. DAVIES and r.Ol4'S, wax chandlers and Italian Oilmen, 6.1, St. Martin's-lane, W.C. COVENT -GARDEN CONCERTS. COVENT-GARDEN THEATRE.—EVERY STRI4II4O at S. Under the sole Direction of Mr. JOHN RUSSELL. MdHe. Sandia, MdHe. Erneleo, Mr. J. M. Wehll, Mr. Reynolds, Mr. Tyler. Mr. J. H. Young, Mr. Phooey, Mr. Winterbottom, the Courtois Union, and Rand of 100 performers. Conductor—Signor BOTTESIN I. Conductor of the Dance Music, Herr Johann Strauss, from Vienna M. Wien&mild, the celebrated Violinist, will appear on Yon neat. Thiamin3r next, a Beethoven Night. Box-oftice open from 1011116. 'towelled() One Shilling. Doors open at half-past 7. the •xlreoss. TO 001.1LISTONDENTI. Avowlistmtents Intondad far " &mow," Loudon livibint =mast be at title Mos, 10, Boavorbawtrett, by Two of Ms day of battik:Wm HAYM AMBIT. THIS EVIMINO, AN UNEQI*AL MATCH. Mews. Bucketnne, Chippendale. Legere, Kendal, Clark, Weathersby, etc. : Mee. dames eedgvirk, kYlzwlWat , &e.—TO PAILIS AND SAW( DM Lb. Mr. Buckstone.—And ?KM BMINK. rmer ON MONDAY MU:IMM am POOR P & ILLICODDY• Mes,r. Murray k Gresham ; MIN Polly Marshall. —And THE "'TR EWES OF LONDON. Mr. Vining. Messrs. M'ldsm, D. Murray. &c. . Mesdames Stuart, Barnett, and Stanton. SILITANIA. Tan Imam THE S E R A; ; O ft . THE OCEAN CHILD.— The Brothers Hanlon ; the Champion Skaters; Mr. J. Plump. lon Mr. and Mn. Coleman end Mr. W. Brown—And THY LAST MAY; OK, THE MISER OP =TEAM GREEN. IRON WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. Taw DAY — Nonfat a. aw••••••Enswows. A 20w. TO4IOI/10W-40/11a& a. 4a.......A1tera0c0. Y. 2.A. LONDON, SATURDAY, AUGUST 31. THERE was a certain element of truth in an expression of which the politicians of a former age were extremely fond, but which we hear much more rarely in the present day. The application to Government of the epithet " Paternal" has often given currency to a mischievous argument, and has been held to justify many measures of injurious interference with personal liberty. But in the present day we are coming to a truer con ception of what paternal government is. The original mistake was in conceiving of the whole people as children, and the Government as caring for them with a fatherly anxiety and minuteness ; and against this mistake the liberal movement which has made Government the servant and in strument of the governed has been a success ful protest. The tendency of legislation has therefore been to give the manhood of the nation its full rights and privileges, to enfranchise trade, to liberate opinion, to give every man the fullest possible freedom of action, and to assert the privileges of the individual against the compulsion of the mass. But this having been done, the other functions of legislation may be more freely exercised. Now that we have given so large a part of the householders of the nation a share of the government we can afford to develop its paternal side. There is, therefore, no inconsis tency in a legislation which records an act for the enfranchisement of the working class side by side with one for the restriction of the hours of labour in the case of the women and children of that ' class. The popularisation of government in ren dering it impossible that it should assume a paternal, protective character towards the man hood of the nation, only renders it the more incumbent upon it to act in that character towards the weaker section of society. Englishmen's objection' to the " paternal " theories of government have all arisen from an objection to be treated as children ; but it is carrying those objections to an absurd and in jurious extreme to demand that Government shall legislate as though there were no children in the community. The protection of the weak against the strong, of the feeble against the powerful, of those who occupy a subject position against those who may injuriously tyrannise over them, is not only one of the beneficent functions of Government, but is a function the fullest discharge of which is essential to the full establishment of individual liberty. The success of the Factory Acts, and the success which has attended every judicious extension of their principle, have removed most of the theoretic objections which were entertained against them. But i: the practical working of such measures has been unaccompanied by the evils which may have been anticipated, it has been attended with the moat beneficial results towards the persons protected by them. It is impossible to estimate the boon which such protection often is to dependent women and helpless children. They are the classes who naturally stand towards society in a state of PuPilage. They are not able to defend themselves against the greed of unscrupulous parents, or the tyranny of grinding employers. They stand towards such persons only in the attitude of necessary dependence; they have no power or rights as against them ; and their necessity is used by them as an opportunity of oppression. Putting ourselves, for a moment, in their place, we may realise a little of the feeling of gratitude with which they find that the law comes in and clothes them with the rights which nature has seemed to deny, or, more correctly speaking, that the law provides for the enforcement of those rights which nature has left to the too feeble pro tection of the muse of right and the feeling of sympathy. To such persons the true idea of paternal government comes vividly home. The strong arm of the law does what the strong arm of a father would do, were society perfect—pro tects them against oppression, shields them from a slavery which would make life intolerable, and guarant.ws them some small share of rest and enjoyment. It is the universal conviction that it is in th., power of legislation thus to protect the weaker portion of society, and the universe' perception of the beneficence of such protections which has led to general acquiescence in its almost universal extension. The Workshop Regulation Act, 1867, is a mea sure which is almost as important as the Factory Acts themselves. Its object is to extend to smaller establishments the protection which those acts give to women and children in factories. I chief provisions with this object are as follows No child under eight years of age is to be em ployed in any handicraft, and no child under thirteen is to be employed more than six hours and a half in any day, and those hours must be between six in the morning and eight at night. No woman or person under eighteen may be em ployed during any period of 24 hours for more than twelve hours, and those twelve must be between five in the morning and nine at night; and an hour and a half out of the twelve must be allowed for met and meals. Neither women, young persons, nor children may be employed on Sunday, nor after two o'clock on Saturday, except in cases where not more than five persons aro employed in the same establishment, and where such employment consists in making articles to be sold by retail on the premises, or in repairing such articles. In grinding, in the metal trades, and in fustian cut ting, no child under eleven is to be employed at all. Stringent provisions are added to ensure the education of all employed children, and all workshops are opened to the visits of the inspec tors or officers duly empowered to act in enforcing the provisions of the measure. Of course, so stringent a law as this must have some exceptions to its operation. The temporary exceptions are these. In the first place, the law itself does not come into action till the first of January, 1868. During the first six months of next year, children not less than eleven years of age may be employed under the conditions which affect the employment of young persons between thirteen and eighteen ; and children not less than twelve may be so employed up to Midsummer, 1870. For the year 1868 the time to which the Saturday afternoon work is limited, is extended from two to half-past four ; and till Midsummer, 1870, children, young people, and women may be employed in the manufacture of preserves, as they are at present, and males over sixteen may be em ployed in machine works as though they were more than eighteen. The permanent exceptions are con siderableandmustbelearnedfrom the Actitself. But their object is to modify the application of the Act without interfering with its principle. They simply recognise the fact that the exceptional character of some trades renders it impossible for them to carry out the letter of the law, but not impossible to obey its spirit ; and the Home Secretary is, therefore, empowered, withincertain limits and with certain guarantees, to authorise hours of labour other than those laid down. 'THE EXPRESS, SATURDAY EVOTING, AUGUST 31, Mar OUR CONTEMPORARIES. (THIS DAY.) Commenting on the recent executions of Lingley and Britten the Times considers that the irregular in fliction of capital punishment has become a public scandal. A number of sentences have lately been commuted, and after the reprieve of Scott, the Birmingham cashier, any thing might be expected from the office over which Mr. Hardy presides. If • man who embezzles the money of his employers, and on being discovered shoots down one of them with • revolver, be a fit subject for the royal clemency, then let us cease to wonder at the "extenu ating circumstances " which French juries find in almost every crime, and acknowledge that our most highly placed administrators are not more firm and strong-minded than these French citizens. Although the manners of mankind generally have become more gentle the deeds of actual murderers seem not to be less barbarous and horrible than in times past. A defaulting clerk at Birmingham shoots down his enemy with the cool ferocity of ► Lockwood' rowdy. A Somer metallize farmer, well to do in the world, and lately guardian of the poor in his pariah, beats in bis wife's skull, drags her in a sack, with • rope round her neck, to a place where he has laid the wood and coke to consume her body, and then sets fire to the place. Within the last few days somebody has taken • child of seven years old, ripped up her body, ent off her head, torn out her eyes and thrown them in a river, either to escape the consequence of a felonious outrage or merely to gratify a fiendish instinct. If the punishment of death be lawful and expedient, it should fall with certainty on all offenders, and not become an affair of chance through the weakness or caprice of those who direct it. In another article, the Tina, quoting the figures brought forward by the Lord•lieotenant of Ireland in his recent speech in Dublin, says it may be taken IA certain that Ireland has for the last twenty years been steadily im proving, and that the improvement has extended to all dame of society. The report of the Ritual Commission and the destruction of Titian's painting, "Peter the Martyr," supply the Times with materials for further comment. Although the educational value of the vast machinery of Sunday-schools is probably small, yet a very large pro- portion of the labouring classes must have got what little education they have in them, observes the Daily Nam But far 'resign than the educational value of the system is its healing and humanising social influence. This moral influence is the true strength of Sunday-schools. They can neither supply the place of day-schools nor do the work of the church ; but they may supplement the neces sary deficiencies of the one, and be a nursery to the other, by bringing the moral influence of Christianity to bear upon the children of the poor by personal contact with those who are animated by its motives and filled with its spirit. We may regret that the many excellent per sons who teach in Sunday-schools see so little the result of their labours in the form is which it would most reward them, viz., attendance in church when the children grow op ; but it would be a great mistake to think that their energy is mis-spent or their labour is in vain. In an article on the Brighton Railway meeting, the Dad y New remarks that the adoption of the recommen dation of the directors of the Brighton Railway to declare no dividend on the preference stocks of the company for the half-year, although expected, is not the less to be regretted. The reasons by which Mr. Laing justified it may not only injure the credit of the Brighton Company, but prejudice the public against railway preference stocks generally. It would really seem from Mr. L.dag'4 speech as if our great railway authorities had given up all hope of ever again raising money for railways by the issue of pre ference shares, otherwise they would surely show a little more consideration for the owners of this class of Property. The Poet thinks we may safely accept the expressions of the Emperor Napoleon in the Bourse of Lille as plainly interpreting desires which are common both to the Sovereign and his people. The peace of Europe will not be broken lightly. It is not so much on the side of France and Austria as on the side of Prussia that the Post con tinues to see danger to the peace of Europe. France does not intend to set up and to protect a Sonth German Con federation, as the Prussians may imagine ; but, on the other hand, Austria and France will not be parties, by connivance, to any act directly contravening the Treaty of Prague. THE WEEKLY PRESS. We hear it asked on every side, aays the Examiner, what is our foreign policy? Bat the question is put in vain. Nobody capable of weighing the value of words and diecriminating between the chink of counter feit and the ring of genuine coin, can obtain anything on demand war h carrying away with him. The sole merit of the present manager of ourinternational affairs,—indeed the sole claim to credit put forward on Lis be'rklf,—is that during the past year he has incurred no liabilities ; as if a great concern could be kept going by doing nothing. If non-intervention run to seed is to be thus ostentatiously and superfluously strewn in the path of every ambitious and aggressive neighbour, on the shabby speculation that he may pass us by sad go further on his robber way rejoicing, then the Exam incr wants to know what we pay seven-•ad twenty millions for every year nader the head of . drily, Navy, and Ordnance T For halt or a third of the money we now upend on the army and the fleet we might main tain a home guard and a Channel squiddron sufficient to defend our isolation ; and as for our dependencies beyond sea, why not put them up to auction, and thus turn • penny, as the degenerate Romans did by selling off their empire by degrees ? In conclusion the Examiner points to a more decisive policy in favour of Greece and the Christian subjects of Turkey. To the Spectator the drift of the Emperor Napoleon's speeches at Arras andiLille seems clear. Napoleon is not going of his own mere motion to attack Prussia, he is even willing to recognise, so far as his people will allow him, accomplished facts/lout he proposes to make the Treaty of Prague, that is, the division of Germany, part of the public law of Europe, to ratify it if possible through a Congress— hints of which will, the Spectator believes, shortly appear —or through a well understood, though informal, menace that be will uphold the treaty with the sword. The Austrian government coincides in this policy, and the object of both powers is first to compel Prussia to pause and reject Southern adhesions; and, secondly, to put her in the wrong before the world. This is clearly, as Napoleon says, a policy of pacification, if Prussia will but yield, or if the Southern populations will but accept their isolated and therefore powerless po sition. Lord Stanley will try, the Spectator greatly fears, to uphold the Treaty of Prague by moral force ; but if he imagines that Englishmen will wage a Crimean war in order that Napoleon may seize the Rhineland, or Bavaria remain outside Germany, he has, almost for the first time in his life, misunderstood English temper. Englishmen have had enough and to spare of allied wars, with Napoleon to make peace, and write bulletins for them and himself together. Instead of feeling pacific and happy, everyone, obse, yes the Saturday Beciew, sets himself to think what the Em peror Napoleon can mean by talking so much about peace. Is it his little pleasant way of concealing a purpose of war! Last year he spoke very warlike words, and peace followed ; now that be speaks very peaceful words, war may follow. The Emperor of the French and the Em peror of Austria only wish for the maintenance of the Treaty of Prague. The Treaty of Prague contemplates the Southern States as independent of Prussia, and recognises Germany as divided into three sections. To aim at the unity of Germany is therefore to violate the Treaty of Prague, and to uphold the Treaty of Prague is to oppose the unity of Germany. The Prussian papers naturally talk much less pacifically than the Emperors do. They say very plainly that • sort of challenge has been given tolPrussia and to Germany, and they are quite ready to accept it. Out of this state of things war might grow so easily that it would be much more probable than not that a few months will see the beginning of a campaign, were it not that there is no overt act of defiance which either party can feel itself impelled to take. In an address, marked by considerable common sense and some exaggeration, Baron Bramwell pointed out the practical impossibility of making picketing effectual without a certain degree of intimidation, and, conse quently, of illegality ; and he commented with deserved severity on the injustice of attempting to prevent any workman from making what use he chooses of his talents and industry. When, however, he condemned the de fendants for applying the term " dishonourable " to workmen who Wits; to join in the strike, it may be questioned, says". the Chronicle, whether he was perfectly consistent. If some of the master tailors had consented to the men's demands, in order to get work Kwhich the other 'houses would be unable to take, it is probable that their conduct would have been viewed by the trade generally with ex treme disfavour. And it is by no means clear that Baron Bramwell himself would not have concurred in the cen sure. Baron Bramwell spoke of trades' unions as useless in "these enlightened times ;" but it would be difficult to point out what other security the times in question have yet provided for a fair distribution of profits between capital and labour. Strikes, no doubt, are often failures, but, even if they were always failures, the fact would re main that masters are often prevented from lowering wages by the fear of provoking a strike. If this check could be wholly removed, capital would require nothing but organisation to become practically omnipotent in its relations with labour. trice Court. BALMORAL, AtcosT 29. The Queen, accompanied by Princess Christian, went out yesterday morning, and in the afternoon her Majesty drove out, accompanied by Prince Leopold, and attended by the Hon. Harriet Phipps. . _ . Prinoe Christian went out deer-stalking, attended by Colonel Gordon. A Committee of the Lords of her Majesty's Most Ho nourable Privy Council sat yesterday at the Privy Council office, Whitehall, on the subject of the cattle plague. The lords present were Lord Robert Montagu and the Right Hon. E. Hammond. THE Quicsw sr BALMOIL.S.—On Monday evening last her Majesty, who was accompanied by the young princesses and ladies in waiting, and the Hon. Lord Charles Fitzroy, drove from Balmoral along the south side of the river Dee, through the village of Braemar. At a short distance beyond the village, along the Duchlaish Drive, emerging from the Clencluny and Cairnwell-road to Blalrgowrie, the royal party halted and had a pic-nic amongst the heather on the side of the hill. After a short stay the royal eortdee drove through the "Duchlaiah," and by the "Lion's Face," to the Highland Palace. The evening was delightful, fine, and warm ; and her Majesty appeared to be in excellent health and spirits. The Duke and Duchess of Newcastle are ex pected to take up their residence at Clamber for the autumn, shortly before the Doncaster race meeting, when they will receive company during the race week at Clamber. _ . The Marquis and Marchioness of Ailesbury are about to leave Severnake Lodge on a continental tour for several months. The Marquis and Marchioness of Hastings entertained the undermentioned circle at Donnington for the Derby and Lichfield races :—The Duke of Newcastle, the Earl and Countess of Westmorland, Miss Heneage, Captain S. kluirhead, Captain Hawkesley, Captain Little, Mr. R. Russell, Mr. Wilkinson, &a The Countess de Grey leaves town to-day for Nocton Park, Lincolnshire, where the Earl and Lord Goilerich are expected in a few days from Scotland. _ _ ------- The Right Hon. C. B. Adderley, M.P., and Hon. Mn. Adderley will entertain a distinguished snows lion of guest. during the ensuing week at their seat near Birmingham, to celebrate the coming of age of their eldest Non. On Wednesday the right hon. gentleman and Mrs. Adlerley give a grand ball to a host of friends. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Lethbridge and Mr. and Mrs. Weatherley have arrived at Brown's Hotel. Mr. and Mn. Drake Garrard have left Brown's Hotel. The Right Hon. Mr. Corry, M.P., First Lord of the Admiralty, has promised (says the Army and Nary Gazette) to be in Liverpool about the 12th inst., in order to present the prizes to the pupils on board the trAining-ship Conway. Mr. Corry, will be accompanied by some of his colleagues, and will, it is expected, be the guest of Mr. John Laird, M.P. Lieutenant-General Sir Chas. Windham, K.C. 8., has been appointed (observes the Army end Nary Ga:ette) to the command of the troops in Canada, in succession to Sir John Michel, who has resigned from ill health. Sir Charles Windham will have Lieutenant-Colonel Earle and Captain Iludson of the Grenadier Guards on his staff as military secretary and aide-dc-camp respectively. Tug FATE OF Da. LIVINGATONE.—The following, just received in a private letter from Bombay, will (says the Athewramt) be read with hopefulness by all who are intereeted in the fate of Dr. Livingstone :—'• We feel great anxiety here about the fate of the doctor, from whom nothing has been heard for upwards of a year. We do not, however, credit the accounts given of his murder by Musa and his Hinsuini companions. Not a single one of tho eleven Christian Africans who accompanied Dr. Livingstone from Bombay has ret urne d t o us ; an d we conclude that he has most likely gone with them into the unexplored lake country. Two of them, who were educated to a certain extent in the Mission Institution under myself, were young Ajawas whom he had brought to India ; and they were well acquainted with the languages of the country to which he was going. Had their master fallen, as described by Masi. both they and their companions (who were all from the Church Mission at Nasik) would, we are confident, have sought to return to India, when they have many warm friends willing to assist them in • settlement in Africa were it necessary. " LLTEI3T INTELLIGEtOk (szirrn's nucamis.) FRANCE. SPEECH OF THE EMPEROR AT AMIENS. PARIS, Acacia 30. The Emperor, on his passage through Amiens, was presented with an address by the mayor of that town. His Majesty, in reply, said : " I have crossed France with the Empress from Strasburg to Dunkirk, end our hearty and enthu siastic reception everywhere has filled us with the liveliest gratitude. Nothing, I perceive with pleasure, can shake the confidence which for 20 years the French people have placed in me. They have estimated at their real value the difficulties I have had to surmount. The ill success of our policy across the ocean has not diminished the prestige of our arms, since everywhere the valour of our soldiers overcame all opposition. The events accomplished in Germany have not caused our country to depart from a calm and dignified attitude, and it relies with justice on the maintenance of peace. The excitement of a small minority has not caused us to lose the hope of seeing more liberal institu. tions peaceably introduced in our public life. The temporary stagnation in commercial affairs has not prevented industrial classes from showing me their sympathy and from relying upon the efforts of the government to give a fresh impetus to commerce. I have found with pleasure those sentiments of confidence and devotion existing at Amiens and in the whole department of Somme, which places have always shown a sincere attachment to me, and where a residence of six years proved to me that misfortune is a good school to learn to support the burden of power, and to avoid the dangers of fortune." ITALY. FLORENCE, Arcver 30. The journals of to-day announce that Garibaldi will go to Geneva, on the 3rd of September, to be present at the International Peace Congress. THE DANUBIAN PRINCIPALITIES. BUCHAREST, Auourr 30. The following is the list of the new ministry : Stephen Golege° President and Minister of the Interior. Louis Steege Demeter Bratiano Minister of Public Works. Alexandre Teriakion Minister of Foreign Affairs. Colonel Adrian Antoine Arion M. Golesco will perform the duties of Minister of Foreign Affairs until the arrival of M. Teria kion. TURKEY. CONSTANTINOPLE, Amer 27. At the council of ministers, .held to-day, under the presidency of the Sultan, his Majesty spoke in favour of the construction of railways through out the empire. The concession for a line to Belgrade was approved and granted to the Servian Company, and the only point still to be settled is the state guarantee. SWITZERLAND. BERNE, Arots? 31. _ The Federal Department for Home Affairs will very shortly make the Federal Council fresh proposals relative to the question of Alpine rail ways. BOMBAY MAIL. MALTA, Aucu 30. The Bangalore left at 8 p.m. to-day for South ampton, where she may be expected about the Bth September. The Syria arrived from Alexandria at 5 p.m. to day, with one of her paddle-wheels damaged. It will be repaired, and she will leave at noon to morrow for Marseilles, where she may be expected early on the 3rd September. OUTWARD CALcurra, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN MAILS. The Ceylon, from Southampton on 20th inst., arrived on the 29th, at b a.m., and left at 6 p.m. for Alexandria. The Tanjore, from Marseilles 28th inst., arrived to-day at 8 p.m., and leaves at midnight for Alexandria. CALCUTTA AND CHINA (HEAVY) MAILS. GIBRALTAR, Auctsr 28. The Euxine leaves at midnight for Southampton, where she may be expected on the 2nd September. AMERICA. (sr ATLANTIC T/12.0111111.) NEW YORK, Amcor 30, 6 P.Y. M. Deno, the French Minister in Mexico, has arrived here. The steamships Pennsylvania, Aleppo, Ger mania, and Etna have arrived out. INTELLIGENCE. Closing prices :—Gold, 141 f. Sterling exchange on London, 1091. 5-20 United States Bonds, 1141. Illinois, 1201. Erie, 701. Cotton : Middling Upland, 27. PHILADELPHIA, Auourr 30. Petroleum, standard white, 29. WEATHER REPORT.-(THIS DAY.) SATURDAY, AUGUST SI, 8 A.R. &T.l w. Ili: 7 7 1 r•-•• • • : ... W.l & t i le . --.-- .- . 1...../. Nike Aberdeen 29.92 U N. N. 1 0 0.3( 1 Law • lam en. W. & re 024 1 Ardreams 119.86 00 I. &&W. 're 0.661 1 oreeeoestle 39.90 tS N.& & re 0.32 - Valenti& I LOW. If 0.12 1 Roches Point 29.61 541 N.W. I &W. I re 0.66 3 Uverpoot 9392 64 &R. &W. I o 1 Holyhead 29.88 62 ft i i I & oc I, Pedlialloo 29.85 61' R. I I &LW. oc , Brest 29.80 61 K . N. W. co Lorteal 20.60 63 N. E. , B.W. co Rochefort 29.80 61 E. N.E. N.W. b Plymouth 29.86 62 Z. S.W. CM !-- Weymouth 22.88 63 E. &W. I 0I Portsmouth_ 29.82 66 E. &W. • . .... London 291/2 66 R.B.E. &W. Obi - Yannoutb._ 29.95 66 MILE. W.S.W. c 1 S Scarborough 29.97 00 &W. S.W. be I 1 Shirt& 29.8463 B.W. S.W. c, 2 REMARKS. The atmospherical pressnieliasiiicreased hi the north, and decree/fed considerably in the south, accompanied, sa might he expectld, with an easterly wind—especially between Yarmouth and Rochefort, where the difference of pressuve ls the greatest. Rain has fallen In the north and west, where the winds are very light and variable. The number of the Unita Italian of Milan for the 28th has been sequestrated for • letter of Mazzini entitled "Progress and the Monarchy.• The Lerma Herald says it is understood that arrangements are on the eve of completion by which the Italian government are to enter int 3 a contract for a term of years with the Egyptian Axial& Company, for the conveyance of the Italian mails from Alexandria to Brin disi, Ancona, and Venice, for • sum of 50,000/. per annum. This service will be performed by five of the finest Axixieh steamers, the Charkieh, Dahelieb, Rebore, Tantah, and Ralimanith. The matter is said to have been decided upw when King Victor Emmanuel was last at Venice. The Italian government stipulate that the vessels shall each have an Italian captain, doctor, and pilot, but they will be manned by their regular Arab crew', and worked in all other respects in the usual manner. "Our Western readers," it is added, " will perhaps be • little surprised to hear of • contract for the conveyance of European mails being given to • Mussulman steam navigation arm- EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (TROY Ova Owl 0011818PORDZITT.) PARIS, FRIDAY EVENING. • The rumour was set about at the Bourse that the Emperor had this morning pronounced a second speech at Lille, explaining and extenuating the first, which you must by this time know has caused alarm throughout France. On this news the Rents, which opened at yesterday's depressed quotation of 69fr. 30c., and went down to 69fr. 22ic., sprung up rapidly, and it closed at 69fr. 47 }c., with a rise of 17}c. The Multiteur du Soir does not contain the speech in question, and I shall be very much surprised indeed if when the text appears sober men construe it as importing any change in the situation. All that the Havas telegraph says of it is the follow ing: . . Lille, August 30, Noon. The Emperor visited the Bourse thiA morning. In reply to a speech of the President of the Chamber of Commerce his Majesty said that business was no doubt not to good DA might be desired, but that certain journals exaggerated the situation. He added that he hoped to see trade re vive with the certainty of peace, and that he would do his beet to restore confidence. That is all. Whatever the Emperor may have really said, it is news of the day that this is what the frequently-erring telegraph represents him to have said ; and it is upon these few words that the position of the Bourse is reversed. It is a slight fabric indeed upon which to build anything more permanent than a speculative opera tion for an hour. Assuming it to be correct, and not susceptible of modification by a context yet to be seen, it amounts to nothing. The truism that trade would be better if people were sure of peace is not equivalent to a declara tion that the Emperor is not going to war. The Emperor's promise to do hilt best to estab lish confidence was scarcely wanted. He always preaches confidence. He told the Mayor of Lille to have confidence in him three days ago ; but the command was no more obeyed than that of the Zouave Jacob to Marshal Forey to be cured. If the Emperor did not mean by his Arras and Lille speeches to prepare the country for war, they were the greatest blunder he has ever yet perpetrated. He was delivered over to himself when he made them. No minister was with him. M. Rouher and the Marquis de Moustier, if we may judge by what their friends and subordinates say here, must have stood aghast when they read about "black points" and " reverses," and patriotism not to be " untimely" given way to. It is a curious instance, by the way, of the danger of trusting to telegraphic reports of the Emperor's speeches that the reason ing of a leading article of the Times two days ago turned mainly upon a mistranslation of the prin. cipal word in the Arras speech. The Times twice tells its readers that the Emperor warned his Arras audience against intemperate impulses, how ever patriotic. What his Majesty really said was a widely different thing. The French word he used was intempestif, which means not intemperate, but ill-timed. And thus it happened that while Paris was alarmed because the Emperor by a palpable negative pregnant had insinuated that in his own good time he would give full satis faction to patriotic feelings, the readers of the Times were under the impression that he had de nounced permanently and decidedly, instead of suspensively merely, those " patriotic" feelings which those who have but a very slight knowledge of the art of reading between the lines know to mean a defiance to Prussia. Prussiawill take uptheglove. I feel persuaded that within a very few days M. de Bismarck will do something decided which will force the Emperor either to eat his words as he did his Auxerre speech or to go forward. The Epoqic mentions a rumour this evening that Prussia, which has not yet evacuated Luxemburg, will, by way of reprisal, send eight battalions into the neighbourhood, if not to re-occupy the fortress. That would indeed be a strong measure, but I am not sure that it would be an imprudent one, as it would, I think, at once reduce the alleged Prusso-Austrian alliance to its true value. A more credible report is that the cabinet of Berlin has diplomatically de mended explanations touching the Salzburg inter view. The Epoque says that Marshal O'Donnell is in Paris. It does not venture to give its usual bul letin of news favourable to the insurrection. Rudolph Weigel, the well-known book and print seller of Leipzig, died, says the Atkentrum, on tho an :1 of August, after a long sad painful illness. He was a man of great experience and extensive reading, yet of singular modesty in the expression of his opinions. He was known all over Europe as a collector of rare works on Art, of prints and artiste autographs. He was a diligent contri butor to our knowledge of the bibliography of Art in every one of its branches. THE CHOLERA IN ITALY.—The death, by cholera, of the sister of Cardinal Antonelll and • d►ughter of Prince dArsoli, at Rome, and of Princess de Partanna, at Palermo is announced. The Italian journals announce that the cholera is spreading at Messina, but without giving the mortality. Accounts from Palermo state that from the 24th to the 25th there were 97 cases and 52 deaths ; and at Rome from the 23rd to the 24th 48 asses, of which 22 were fatal. DISTRIBUTION OF PRIZES AT THE FRENCH ACA DERT.—The annual public sitting of the French Academy took place yesterday at 2 o'clock, Count de Fallon:, the di rector, presiding. IL Villemain, perpetual secretary, read a report on the competition for literary works, and the chair man that on the recompenses awarded for acts of virtue. Before proceeding to announce the reooessful competitors, the piece of verses was read which obtained the prize for " The Death of President Lincoln," and of which M. Orenier is the author. One prize of 2,500 fr., two of 2,000 fr., three of 1.000 fr., and fifteen of 500 fr., were *warded for acts of devotedness and self-negation. Eight recompenses of 2,000 fr. each were given for the follow ing works :—Madame Craven, for her " Recite dune Recur ;" IL Gerard, Inspector of the Academy of Paris. for "La Morale de Plutarque ;" M. Gander, Pro fessor, for his " Boesuet, Oratenr ;" M. Margerie, Professor, " Theodioee, etudes our Dieu ;" M. Beaus sire, "De la Überte dans l'Ordre Intellectual et Moral ;" MM. Mace, Stahl, and Verner, " Le Magnin de l'Education et de Recreation ;" M. Geffroy, professor, "Gustave 111. et la Cour de France ;" end M. Emile Belot, professor, " Histoire des Chevaliers Romaine." The special prize of 3,000 fr., founded by the late M. Bortlin, was given to M. Caro for his " Philosophie de G,vthc." As is usual on such occasion, the hall was crowded with a fashionable anditoli, DEATH OP A WATERLOO VETERAN.—Last week one of the soldiers who fought under Wellington at Waterloo, died an obscure and somewhat strange death in Penrith Union Workhouse. The deceased, whose name was John Hodgins, a native of Tipperary, Ireland, Will on Saturday week discovered 13 log in a ditch near to Round Thorn, Penrith, in a helpless and apparently dying condi tion, having to all appearances travelled that days, journey which had proved too much for his exhausted consti tution. The poor man was conveyed in a cart to the workhouse, where he died, His appearance was most extraordinary, and was the subject of much astonish• ment to those who sew him. He was said to have been 29 stones in weight, measured lift. 2Yin. in height, 2ft. 4in. across the shoulders, and was 80 years of age, his great weight being chiefly owing to his immense bone and extra ordinary muscular development, the proportions of which were most enormous. The coffin in which he was interred more resembled a large sized boat than the ordinary receptacle for a full-grown corpse. Hedging was in receipt of a government pension of 6d. a day f or t wo years after he obtained his discharge from the British army. In his pockets were found a number of letters in the handwriting of people of distinction. One of these was from the Rev. B. A. Marshall, of Carlisle, stating that the writer was fully acquainted with the history of the deceased. He served as sergeant in the 4th Dragoon Guards in the Peninsular war, and was present at the closing scene of Waterloo. On an envelops written by the deceased was the following :—" Oft and oft the right honourable the Countess of Carlisle, its, Ste., relieved me with half sovereign."—Cariiste lounge!. LORD REDESDALE AND THE GREAT EASTBILV RAIL WA Y. Lord Redemiale has addressed to the Tim.-; letter in reply to or., from Mr. Baxter, the solicitor, recently published in that journal, referring to a commun.,. cation which that gentleman bad with his lordship respecting his remarks in the Hou se o f L or d s on the co n• duct of the Great Eastern directors in relation to a pro. posed payment to Mr. Brassey of 40,000/. on account of th e Dunmow Railway. The noble lord, after complainin g a want of accuracy on the part of Mr. Baxter, and retatrkit ; that all he desires la to place the true state of the sat before the Great Eastern shareholders, proceeds to any : " The Dunmow Act passed in 1861. In 1862 the union all the Eastern railways under the Great Eastern Company took place. In the bill relating to the Epping liver, leav e was given to abandon a line which that company was unchr obligations to make, on the ground that the wants of the district were better supplied by the Dunmow line, and tl.! committee, in granting the abandonment, subjected the Great Eastern to the penalty of suspension of dividends 49 their ordinary share capital in the event of the Dimio, line not being finished within the appointed time—a exec. what irregular provision, as the line belonged to another company, to which the Great Eastern were only authorised to subscribe to a limited amount. As the Great Euten, pay no dividend on ordinary share capital, the penalty was of no great consequence to ch ew. Mr. Bidder took advantage of this excuse for proposing, at • meeting of directors, that the company should enter into an agreement with Mr. Brassey to construct the line under certain conditions, which was agreed to. All the directors, as well as Mr. Bidder and Mr. Bracey, must have known that this was an illegal agreement, the Great Eastern having no authority to raise money for the par. pose, or to make the line. The only excuses th ey could have had for entering into it would have beeu a desire to save time and a determination to seek the necessary powers in the next session. This they did not do, although they got an act enabling them to guarantee a dividend on the Dunmow share capital. Two ears later, in they brought in a bill for the pis of the line. In it, which was the first binding agreement 1.- t ween them and Mr. Brassey, it was provided that they should pay the coat of the construction of the Dunmow line including the application to parliament, but that the sann to be so paid should not exceed 80,0001., and that on receiving that amount the Dunmow Company, after paying their debts, were to divide the residue among theirshareholders, execute a deed of transfer of their undertaking, and then cease to exist. The Dunmow Company is Mr. Brusey alone. It was a contractor's line, and there are no other shareholders. Mr. Baxter, in his interview with me, ad. mitted that the act was binding and conclusive, but said that Mr. Brassily knew nothing about its being passed. I told him that unless Mr. Brassey gave that testimomy on oath before a committee I could not believe It, nor do I think that any man in his senses could when the relations between him and the Great EMl‘ertl and .Dunmow Companies are considered. However, it matters little so far as the character of the Great Eastern directors is concerned. If they, believing Mr. Brassey to be entitled to 120,0001., obtained that act, keeping its pn, visions secret from him, they swindled him, and if 24r, Braise knew its provisions he is bound to be content with 80,0001., and the proposal of the directors to give bin 40,0001. more was, as I described it, a gross job. tinder either alternative, they are proved to be unworthy of the confidence of the shareholders, and it is clear to me from this proceeding, and from the state into which they h brought the concern, that there is no chance of any inn provement in the affairs of the company unless the 12* nagement la placed in other hands." The Rev. John Scott, of Tyd St. Giles, has been appointed to the vicarage of Wiabech St. Peter, e.,cast by the appointment of Dr. Howson to the deanery• of Cheater. Mr. Scott is brother to Hr. G. Gilbert Scan, the eminent architect, and a grandson of Scott, the cm. mentator. A silver cradle has been presented to Mr. John Morgan, the mayor of Stafford, to commemorate the birth of a son during his year of office. The " is a truth an epergne, and it east 1001. We (A thencrum) understand that a house (No. 17, Saville-row) has been taken for the temporary acconnso dation of the University of London, at present lodged the east wing of Burlington-house. It is expected the the university will remove at Michaelmas, after which the work of demolition will commence to clear the ground far the new buildings in which the Royal Society and sofas other societies are to be located. The rear of the nes building for the university is now up to a level with the roofs of the houses in Burlington-gardens, and as the masons have resumed work on the Meade, we may pm sume that the vexed question as to style has been settled. The new galleries for the Royal Academy are rising higher and higher, with solid and well-built smile, and give good reason to infer that the stipulation requiring their root*. in by Christmas will be complied with. THE LATE PRuEESSOR FARADAY. —The Athetvw published a letter from the deceased Professor to Dr. Pon giving an account of his introduction to Sir Ilumpir! Davy. It is as follows :—" You &eked me to give pa an account of my first introduction to Sir H. Dopy, which I am very happy to do, as I think the n. eumstance will bear testimony to his goodness of hem When I was • bookseller's apprentice, I was very fad of experiment, and very averse to trade. It bappred that • gentleman, • member of the Royal Is stitution, took me to hear some of Sir H. DA7S last lectures in Albemarle-street. I took notes, ,ad afterwards wrote them out more fairly in s quarto volume. My desire to escape from trade, slzh I thought vicious and selfish, and to enter into na service of science, which I imagined made its purred amiable and liberal,l induced me at last to take the lid and simple step of writing to Sir IL Davy, expression 2 J wishes, and a hope that, if an opportunity came in his ay, he would favour my views ; at the same time I seat Is notes I had taken at his lectures. The answer, which =AI all the point of my communication, I send you ions original, requesting you to take great care of it, and text me have it back, for you may imagine how much I valise. Yon will observe that this took place at the end of Or ye 1812, and early in 1813 he requested to see me, and • !I me of the situation of assistant in the laboratory of is Royal Institution, then just vacant. At the same tie that he thus gratified my dances as to scientific eel >7• ment, he still advised me not to give up the presides! had before me, telling me that science was a harsh Nis tress, and in • pecuniary point of view but poorly rev,al• ing those who devoted themselves to her service. lb smiled at my notion of the superior t,oral feeling, rf philosophic men, and said he would leave we to then• perience of a few years to set me right on the matter. Finally, through his good efforts, I went to the Institution early in /larch of 181.1, as assistant in laboratory ; and in October of the same year went him abroad as his assistant in experiments and in wring. I returned with him in April, 1815, resumed soy stare in the Royal Institution, and have, as you know, c• since remained there." SAYINGS BANKS UNDER TRUSTERS—.The moot received by these saving banks throughout the Fuel Kingdom in the year 18.c2 was 7,t41,1771., that r aid 11 depositors 6,684 ,906 L , and the con muted capi tals By a comparison of the financial transactions during 40 last fifteen years it is found that the amount rece.ral reached its staxisten in 1860, the amount paid in Iv,. whereas the oomputed capital appears to bare beat lapel in 1861. Since the opening of the rost-ofhee banks the receipts of these banks have regularly dechaa In 1865 a sum of 2,5211. was transfern.d from, awl si of 23'2,3121 to the Post-office savings book, and aerie; liat year 2,3071. were transferred front, and 2:1 7 0,11:V. same establishment. The total amount received tweet" banks under trustees during the p 22 putt year was 7,:0 4 2 the total amount paid 10,652,993/., and the total costar , capital 36,307,019 L ASSAULT BY • LADY OT TITLE. —At the tinge police-court, on Wednesday, the Viscountess FN fort de Montmorency was summoned fur atorultin: servant, Eliza Bennett. It appeared that the conipho had been in the service of ILady Frankfort about weeks only. On Wednesday, the i!let hot., her mi• called ber many foul names, and aft, retards onletvi to take the tea kettle downstairs. :tea began to descend the s'airs, Lady Fraekfoit called o her to take down a pillow which leol h. n vonlitvti by a dog. Before the girl had time to pick up the the lady threw it at her, the vomit dying in her fa c , . magistrates considered the assault jeered, an l tin, • Viscountess Frankfort de Montmorency 4Th.. and rt.! two months' imprisonment in default Of l oymeat. • fine was paid. EXTRAORDINARY STORY.—AS showing o.te o: . sition which is still manifested by sonic claims o° woe to the use of machinery in their trade, the D0rf;...0.. frra ph tells the story of what has loppened li'Dermid, upholsterer, of Darlington. Thi , ‘ gent . ' it seems, has invented a machine by which he Pri" save one-third of the usual amount of lab ea' banging, and has taken out a patent for it. lie get it introduced in London, but although tie' were favourable to the design, the work,iien wre and either purposely spoilt the paper, or refits...ito apparatus. He hail been recomniended to the ehi.! large paper-hanging firm, bathe found that in the Pr calls the gentleman could not be conmun.ir de' was always out. He learnt some time afterward-. eir be had repeatedly left cards for the ptinc i p 1. th.. gentleman had never been permitted to of Ili* . tion, and when ultimately he did MI he not adopt it beer.use of the hostilityof n• instance he was civilly invited by genic or hangers to attend in a certain quarter awl machine. This he did in the innocence of he a:. all he got for his pains was a heavy ht.'w fr th , one of the party, end a strong blackgnarlinz. he did not attempt to hit hack, or he scarcely have got off pith his life. On !cone! these fellows followed him, and iloprecAting to which he had been subjected, gained such a of confidence as to persuade him to go to part of London to see a paper-lianger , was induced to leave one of his machines. T ' another rev', as he afterwards discovered. and tli.er he left was totally destroyed. Eventually Ike left not feeling himself safe there. Even in Del with .. 1 1 .t. union feeling has been manifested agnind tka which, however, is in use by one or two firma that the 11:2t TA, count log • neck of kir - By thief. Mr. you n, Pro AF SOCIIIII Lim i ditch, others Inman She pi now e duty t rrin don't Mr. Mr. this, ani under a require 1 behavioe h. 3 Es* Frak• o tt i " I I it: nl:fel ,7I I.: 12 Inked • the 1 , fa, • 11 tine is n.l cost meat. • 0.:t! 07: wori; .4 gent' pro;. tti 11 1 to E' . .1 to el.! .f hi- -1 .In. ..Lte Ii heV tht a I. CO to left r h he