The Express. — London, England, 1849-12-26 00:00:00

Vie entreos. OUTGOING MAILS. TM malls ter Lisboa. Bpele. sad Gibraltar will be made "itmareww masts., Dee. . mails kw Bridelt Nor 27 th America sad the limited Oates will be laser sp ea the weals' el Dm 28. The Men has Malls, lealediag Bermuda, Ilawiaseh. Xmas. Roads:se, New Orleiaa, awl Mesioo, and eueledies Mem kr Madeira, 81. isemde-Ifimeassa, New Grartada, ma, ss4 Pere, will be ma!, ea the erwaise of Jaa. 2. The me& fee Mader* the Basile, sad Buenos hl .will le maie sir ea the svg at Jsa 4. The sestasid Maream, to the Mediterreseee, 'apt, Coles, bulk, BoopMesp, die., willbe made sp oa the weals, of lee. 7. M mail. fee Gibraltar, Malts, °mem, the 'salsa blends, T „ Ceplaa, led* so d Cates, M s B o athamptoa, will hemods up ea the males of lea. 19. VOIR WLTIIII AT LONDON KILIDOIL W ..... Afirrons. 1 It. Ste. too Tu-roupor—ikaimg.lll. am. ....... Allisems,l3l. lON, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 26 LORD HERTFORD is a Knight of the Garter. He received his blue riband from Sir ROBERT PEEL. It was one of the conspicuous farcurs which, during his five years' adminihtration, the circumspect baronet conferred upon the haughty nobles of his parte. What did he eve it for? Was it for nothing? Or for caprice ? Or for weirth which the nation recog nised ? Or for servirs in expectancy and to be yet pertortned? The lost-named consideration is the only one that can eerinuely be entertained. The founder and finisher of conservatism —which signified not a distinct faith, but an ind.stinct unblief in tory super shtions—never was known to give away anything foe nothing, or enepected of doing anything through mere caprice. Sir ROBERT was at school a calculat ing boy ;at Oxford a calculating double-clone man; at starting in public life under ELDON and CASTLE. NEAGH, a calculating party man; and at the " head of the country gentlemen of England," a calculating machine. His friendships have in every stage of life been alliances offensive end defensive; hir sympa thies the results of negotiation ; and his favours the symbolic utterances of hope or deprecation. In his own phreseoLgy, the right honourable gentle man has never acted without the moat mature deliberation, and after fully weighing all the circumstances of the c are. We ire not here finding fault with the ex-minister, but simply recalling how little he has ever suffered impulses of private liking or individual regard to sway his public gifts of honour or emolument. But even were it otherwisee, who could imsg:ne any statesman taking a politi cal fancy to a person like Lord HERTFORD ? As a hereditary councillor of the realm he wan never suspected of having any advice to give either to Queen or people. As a born senator he has never taken any part in the discussion of kgslative measures ; even the formality of attendance in the House of Peers is to him an intolerable bore ; and his votes on the rights and liberties of the nation are usually given when he is asleep, at dinner, or otherwise occu pied elsewhere. Heir to a princely fortune, there are few lists of pious munificence in which his title is not missing; or of humane gererosity in which it can be found. Since the death of his unlamented father, whase life and charac'er are not yet forgotten as wholly as they de ores to be, the present marquis is said to have drawn from the pockets of hie Irish tenantry alone nearly 60,0001. a year; yet we believe we aro much within the mark in saying that he his not found leisure to spend fifty days amongst them, or as many hours in any matter, thing, or propotition, wherein they take the least concern. To him they stand in one, and in but one relation ; they pay him rent, which he ex pends they know not how or where. Lord HERT FORD is a specimen landlord. In Antrim and Down his tenants vote as ho pleases, and for the borough of Lisburn he nomi nates whomsoever he will. But his orders are ironed from Paris or London as the cue m standing before their master, or the chance of blunting the edge of his exaction by a personal appeal to his for bearance. No mansion decorates the " most noble" heri:age ; and divers bailiffs, agents and attorneys reign in his stead. Such is the man whom Sir ROBERT Per.L, after due deliberation,deemed it his duty, under all the cir cumstances of the ease, to name to the Queen in 1846 as tho fittest noble to wear the chivalric badge of honour, and worthiest knight to guard her throne. Suretly the wily baronet must have been dreaming or deceived, when be fell into such a blunder. We shall see. The story goes, that on a certain occasion the noble Eeiourean intimated his indifftrenoe to all the favours government could bestow, with a single exception. He had rather a fancy for the Clatter. Sir HoIiERT was shocked, but said nothing definite; that is his way. Not an inch of blue ribarl, however, arr, s sten to escape f out the private drawer, in which the ma: valuable toys are always kept locked op for the most deserving of the childish. The vanity of the mar quis was piqued, and his whim grew into a positive desire. Ile would not be baulked, and resolved to overcome whatever the undemonstrative minister's scruples or objections might be. Tee estate go- between through whom the affair had been thus far conducted hinted discreetly that S r ROBRRT was a man of observances and decencies; that he had in many • set speech dwelt recently on the duties that belonged to property, and the need of their personal performance ; and that, in short, the tact eef Lord MIRTEORen being so much of en absentee rendered it embarrassing, In the present condition of Ireland, to single him out Irom Irish nobles for the glittering distinction. One can readily imagine the tone of half-incredulous mirth in which the most noble applicant asked if that was all ?—and the sincerity of his protestation that an objection so easily removed bad 'meet once occurred to him. Certain it is, however, that not long after the minister was honoured by a visit from the Marquis at Drayton. He was en route to Ireland ; he wee about to visit his people, and was lull of plans for their improve ment. Sir Rontat was much edified, and doubtless im ps ed to his penitent guest many of those console tio:s of resident landlordism—its remunerative pie is sure', and its pleasurable profitableness—which few are better qua.ified to convey. Severe as such a trial of his patience must have been, the reallutiou of the marquis fail d not. Tue vision ot t-c ribald and the twinkle of the star doubtless sustained his fainting for itude durirg many an hour ot bullock fattening, tile-draining, and agricultural chemistry. He not only said he would visit Ireland, but he ac tuslly went there. How long he remaiued we arc unable accurately to say ; bat the local newspapers had not done with " the rejo'cings of an attached and happy tenentry " for fa:l thr.e weeks or so. What the hippy and attached tenattry gained by the visitation of tneir owner it would perhaps be dif ficult to say. But soon afterwards tae usual pre rnecitory paragraphs in a courtly_ ootemporary in emitted that the " Marquis os HERTFORD was to have the vacant garter." The removal of oblecduns patent is one thing, however, and cmaideratims expectant is another. It is not to bi bslieved that the eslceletirg minister would have thrown away even a blue ribald with out neciTinz or exec:sting to receive some poli.ical value foe it. He doubtless reckoned on a theo retical as well as practical c-sceraion being wrought in the gartered marquis. And first appearances in neither respect belied his an ticipation'', for in the 11.1 of the majority who, in 1846, voted for the repeal of the corn laws, we find the most noblenameof HILIITORD. With equalsiceetity and con sistency has the propel) to kept his faith in both TO. 'upsets. Already he has relaps e d into bob sheetteeism and protect'onism. His happy and attached terantry" see as much of him as they ua d to do pre vious t 3 the incursion of 1843, and his signature ap pears am-ng hose of the bankrupts and the bigots wieet have been appended to the memotial of Lord IkusioALL. We greatly feu that our sarcastic eo temp Nrery, the Dublin Press, is but too well warranted in saying that offiCal salt is neva r 1.0 c. mpletely thrown away, as mime, after:infinite humiliations and cnnring mat eruvres, it is succes-fully placed upon reel old tor? tails. Tuk Martinis of fistisuraT will not 'scribe to relieve English needlewomen, becanv qian tity of silks and ribbons hue been impacted into tile country in ltlrlB. lli. lordthip publishes in a note to bis le ter a very incorrect statement of the =e imports, incorrectly add e d op. But the error, of arithmetic . TAZ EiP.ItESS, WEDNESD ---------- are of little importance. The inapt cl silk mans- 1 Maa ss forms die only . important item, of wMall the flampas has to complain. We did certainly biped, ha 1848, about 760,000 lba, of silk manufacturee I onl w hich we levied a deity of five shillings the ponid. It is well known that the distiesses of the French ' masedbetwers and commercial climes generally were i l sash in 1848, that they inundated all other constrict with their stocker to far more than double the saof.,ant were woat to mind here, and receiving te,,c mom ,return, probably, than had they ene the sl ut quatity. ea, these sae were not entered for ho me I , still the distremes of oar neighbours did nder certain kinds of such costly anperel very re cheap amongst us. And many a humble house wife or domeetto did indulge in the luxury of a figured, silk gown that never aspired to it before. Mow this Injured the British needlewomen, we are at a bin to conceive ; in commas reasoning it most have heliefited them, and throw n many more shillings into the fund, on which ankrtunately so many althorn starve. But how it aggravated their suffer tr. it must perplex even - Lord Bauman' to Whilst the French exoel in one species of silk, g oods, the English manufacturer succanfully compette l with them in another. Nay, what is more, he owes thei opportuni y and the facility of this s neceesful cora-1 petition to eve trade. Even though we do in truch years as 1848 import so large a quantity of silk manufactureme still habitually export for it well nigh a million. To France i-self, which sends us moss of these silks complained of, we send silk and worsted duffs in return ; and although we may take ef them silks, and modes, and wines to the a mount of three millions and upwards, they are suffici - ntly and necessarily accommodating to take to a similar amount of those Englis . commodities in which our male and female population are engaged. The noble Marquis is singularly wifortne ate in re commending a high prohibitive duty on silks, as a boon which is to protect and give employ to Leaden: operatives, male and female.l That high ity did exist, and its fruits are recorded. One of its fruits was the regular smuggling of French silks into Ragland, to the rate of at least half a millionnse sterling a year. And th is necessary ce m of a high duty threw thousands of looms in spitalfitlds out of work, and beggared more London families than ever free trade or competition could do. The protectionists of the lest century were, however, as stubborn in their opinion as the Marquis of SALIS BURY. They would not listen to the advice of lower ing duties in order to prevent smuggling. They pre- I ferred having recourse to a nostrum of their own, a nostrum quite in accordance with Protection. This was no other than to fix the price of labour in the silk manufacturer of Spitalfields; in other words, to protect the labourer by a maximum of wages, u they had protected the manufacturer by a high duty. There was some even (holing in line at least. But it was unfortunate of result for all that. For what with the maximum on the one hand, and the facilities of smuggling on the other, Spitalfields became bankrupt, and the silk manufacturer migrated to places of freer industry and cheaper labour. It was only in 1824 this precious act, very much akin to the nailing of horseshoes on barn-doors to keep off witches, was repealed. Those who would trace out carefully the miseries of the London poor, might, we are confident, go back from cause to cause until they arrived at the vital one, of there having existed a large manufacturing interest in this metropolis, via , Spitalfields, which was ruined and destroyed under a system of protection, and by it. Protection extinguished the silk manufactures of Spital fields. The capitalists, which were thus ruined, have, with their progeny, migrated and disappeared. Bet " the poor are always with us :"—they remained be hind. And it is they and their descendants who conti nue the task of overstocking the market, lowering the price of labour, learning like the Irish to live in misery, and be content with next to nothing. What, in fact, are these masses of poverty, but the dregs which Protec tion has lett behind ?—dregs nowhere more palpable, more open to analysis, than in that very silk and apparel trade which the Marquis of SALISBURY would amend by sending it once more on the old " Road to Ruin, of which we know the history, and contemplate the results. Tux cause of free institutions and free trade in Ceutral and Eastern Europe, that cause for which we are now in antagonism with Austria and with Russia, interests us, independent of its moral and political bearings, to the amount of from twelve to sixteen millions of our annual export trade. It is, in fact, more than one-fourth of our entire commerce that is in dangtr. Thus we are ealkd to protest against the hostility and en: roachments of a power which it has pleased tory statesmen to call an ally, but which has never borne us any fruits of friendly *llium), save the absorption of British i 011126 and subsidies. The average annual value of our exports, from 1842 to 1847, were— To Germauy and Pnitela £6 830,000 To Indy To Turkey 2,093,000 Here are nearly twelve millions. And, if we add to them that share of our five millions of exports to IHolland and Belgiumwhich find their way into central Europe, the sum we have mentioned will be reached. - The direct efforts of Austria and of Russia are to deprive us of this trade; whilst Austria, the mere serf of the cabinet of St. Petersburg, sits astride the Danube and proscribes its commerce, Rus sia is exciting troubles and insurrections in the trans-Danubian provinces in order to bring about by intrigue that anarchy and subjugation which it dare not attempt by force of arms. Whilit Russia corers the rear of Austria, and keeps down her malcontent subject', that power is pressing violently upon Italy and Germany, dictating to both the some laws, and the injunctions of No free trade, No free institutions. And whether north Germany itself may not succumb as well as Italy, many well-informrd persons remain still in doubt. We have recalled attention to the danger with which Italy is menaced, hy being absorbed in the Czar's political system, acd the prohibitive commercial system of Austria. We pointed out the probable' loss to us of from two to three mllions of wrong. 1 To this we have received as answer from the Times:l —" The deuce mend us. The prescription of our 1 trade is a just judgment upon Eogl lnd for havin g been so rash as to favour the cause of constitutional governmew."LordMlNTO in Italy, Lord PALMEOqTrys from England, strongly recommended representative assemblies, more or less powerful, 100 e or less popu lar, to be granted by the sovereigns theinvelver, and to remain a standing pact cf freedom and of peace between the Italian% and their princes. That these hopes of constitutional and monarchical liberty for Italy were not visionary, we see a proof at this mo meet in the etre of Piedmon', which has at last reached that haven, notwithstand ing c revulsion, and war, and deist. And that the same would have succeeded ' throughout all Italy, bat for the ex snipes and incitements to frenzy and to anarchy, which come to the poor Italians fr ire France and from Germany, th re need be no rational &OM. It was not Italian madness that sat all Italy topsy-turvy, it was the madness of Parisians end Vicente.. The Times, however. declares that the Italians are rightly served by the loss of their liberCee, and we for even smiling on them by the loss of our trado. We 'holed Have done in Italy, it declarer, as the Dutch di,: in Japan. In order to preserve their trade, they con sented to the exizencies of a barbarous end bigot government, in treading ignominiously upon the Cross. Theo Times, indee 1, does not propose to English 1 statesmen to commit an act . altogether so profane. Hut it abets a very analogous baseness when it re commerds that, in order to keep her trade, the Eng lishman should disavow his belief in constitutional freedtm, and tread under foot its umbels and its ids as. We fear that ell this would have been very gratui torn meanness and Filsehond on the pert of my Lord AnrRDEE'. Thnt ration which hae convened meeings in every . town of importereo to erpese empathy for Hungarians and for Romans, and one bewared and ten of whose leading peers std legislators signed a protest against Austrian despotism—such a nation as this could not have been lowered to such vie servility, nor vo old Austria herself have h reved it sincere. The opiniors and the sympathies of the great masa of Englishmen are for free trade and for Zee inetitn tione. Their opinions are net cdopted for expediency or policy, but are expressions of the notional sentiment which no minis . er and no jour , alist can honestly or at least effectively disavow or betray. The same raocorons vielerce which thrts'ens •r) exclude our three millions°, exports for Italy menaces ▪ iithis also by our tense adllions for Germany, a limb oral to that "Adele we have with the Milted States, aad pearl; three u much as we e Imith Brazil. lint whilst we are told to make h an av y I sacrifice preserve the latter, our leading journalists recoir2mend us to fling the 'German trade into the r:sw of the great prohibitive pow. The nines, indeed, asserts that Austria has made fair offers to reduce her tariff. What Austria did I offer was to mews her duties on the raw materials of manufeetures for abroad, to reduce gradually until abolition the dates between Austria and the Zollverein, but only on the condition that the German Zollverein should raise its duties to meet Austria half way. This, in other worda, was to unite Germany and Italy in one large prohibitive union, comprising some 70 millions of souls. A more complete or hostile re newal of NAPOLLON'S continental blockade against England could not be imagined. And the Times bails this, nay, has the audacity to tell Englishmen that they deserve it, for being guilty of the crime of wishing constitutional government to the countries of Europe! FRANCE. PARIS, MONDAY, HALT. PAST 5 P.N. The only . sews to be given to-day is this :—The President, yielding to the opposition shown to his law en primary teachers, has consented to withdraw it on condition that a speedy course will be allowed to the law on education, which contains clauses in ac cordance with the chief points of the provisional law on primary teachers. In the chamber the debate turned upon M. d'Hant pours motion for the formation of a fourth foreign legion, which would be filled up by the men from the garde mobile, which, by decree, is declared to be dissolved on and after the 31st of this month. This is , theec which has not met with the approbation of committee, at the head of which is General I Bedean. p ro posed that G ene ral Lebreton, in a long speech, the garde mobile should not be disbanded till the 31st el December, 1850. To this M. d'Hautpout said that General Lebreton merely adjourned a question which required a solu tion. M. Maugnin thought that the government was un grateful to the garde mobile. lie called on the cabi , net not to forget that the mobile g uard had saved 'Pettis in June, 1848, and whatever might be the pro posal of government, there could be no volution of the Trollop, unless it were in favour of these guards. M. Mauguin then asked, could it not be possible to organize a battalion of Paris tiraulleurs, in which these men could he incorporated, and as be thought the plan feasible, he would support General Lebreton's amendment. General Tattles was of the same opinion as M. Man iple. He was opposed by M. Mule. After some desultory conversation, it was proposed by several members to send back the project of law and the amendments to the committee. This was done, and the Chamber paused to another subject, more calculated to rouse their attention, naraely, M. Lagrange's question to the Minister of the Interior respettting the wounded of February. The chamber knew, said the honoureble member, what eminent 1 , services these men had given to Fran ce and to libert y I I at a time when France bad acclaimed the republic. This was a sentiment that the Right ckuld not let pass without a protest. M. Estancelin cried that I France had borne the republic when it was imposed, but his burst of eloquence drew dow n u p on him the order of President Dupla. M. Lagrange continued, saying that rewards had been promised but never given ; he asked, therefore, that that should be done for the combatants of Feb., which had not been omitted in the case of those of June. After a received burst of Eloquence from M. Eaten celin,_who challenged M. Lagrange to single combat, the Minister of the Interior informed the houke that all the sums placed at the disposal of government by the constituent and legislative assembly,had been spent in relieving the combatants, the wounded, the widows, and the orple,ns of Feb. The number of the latter was, he added, very small. M. Segur d'Agueaseau said that were he to incur once more the wrath of the Moun tains, he could not abstain from recording his opinion, that the re?ublic which had been proclaimed on the 4th of May, had nothing common with that of the 24th of Feb. The founders of the republic of Feb. were the authors of the affair of June, and he declared that for his part he entirely reserved the cause of those soldiers who on the 24th of February had alum) de served a national recompense. M. Lagrange returned to the tribune, and asked was there not an article amongst the regulations which punished a member using opprobrious epithets to his colleagues. Ile had not time to end his sen tence, for M. Legur d'Agneeseau said that he had not meant anything personal to M. Lagrange. '1 he Journal du Havre stater., on the authority of a private letter from the United States, that the Cabinet of Washington had just admitted the justice of the demand for indemnities made by M. U. T. Poussin, and which was the origin of his dispute with Mr. Clayton. he Foment() of Barcelona of the 14th announces that the Company El Veterano has signed a em.tract with Messrs Talabot, of Paris, for the construction of a railway from Barcelona to San Juan de las Aba deices, uniting Barcelona to San Andres, Granullers, Vich Biped, and the rich mines at San Juan de las Abadessas. M. Peters, acting director of the com pany, had left for Madrid, to submit the plans, &c., to the government. TIIIT•111• 'I Yee Amoiant. abli PARIS, Dec. IL For I Mitaly. iOgembegllligbest. Loaest.,Clesing. imv i S per its. 6 per Cents. 9 2" 49 71 4. 110 it " 10 9 8. 1 84 " 9 " 1 1.1 st il l i do. New ham. ~ le 0 is " al', 4i per Costa. rs is n n 4 per Cents • 71 " 90 „ is i, is re p Eubange on Lewdest t=) PI days, 25 43; 90 dare, 26 32i. the askrs, 5, 1840 ....„ 1 . Naples Reams 93 50 Awe.) the D o . 9 1442 - ... 64 „ ' Do. 4% Do. Si — ~ Bank Shares Borame. —Pula sad Orleans, 765 • Paris and Rouen, '343 —; i Rouen and Barre, 240; Strasbourg sad Basle, 121 25: Celia. (Vier- , ,s&, 332 50; Orlesns and Bordeaux. —; Berth. 462 50; Pan. end nit' Strasbourg, 360; Tours and Bastes, 277 Se; Avignon sed,mereeines, par 215 ; Dieppe and Fecansp, 162 SO; Versailles (right bank), 207 50 ; bed Do. (left bank) 167 50; Montereau and Troyes, 111. It 1 PARIS, TvcalisaY. 5.30 e.x. This is Christmas-day, and, curious to relate, it seems Its to be new-a-days mwe of a festival than in past years. It is remarked, indeed, that religious feeling seems to n s ; be on the increase. This is a goad symp tom, but a -11 still better one is to be found iu this , t h at Caristmas de ' finds advecatt sin the press. Thus t he Assemblee " Nationale to-day says : ra Noel! Noel! Such was the old cry orour f a thers! Christ- tit mu! thee um the espreesi - m of family feelings, the symbcl "1 C,'' t of the domestic hearth ; it was round this hearth that 1 assembled the hierarchy of the house, the first basis f pro- NI 0 perty. All this no longer exists ; a to, g spiri•et have de stroyed these innocent joys, these symbols of the great 0 , ' principle' which are the ground work of moiety. Christman ~, i was a fete of joy; when kills and muilieipsl magist•etts 11. n entered into cities, the reek. cried : " Noel! ' The lcgenda 01 et are c,nneeted with the Saviour of the World, of him who C , it taught us to love and to succour cut fellow-creatures. It is c ~ almost an anniversary of circumstance, now that family tie , ' and order have been 53 violently attaeke I. Jf yon wish to „' 9 make the governm e nt of tee country rcep.ne ci, d 3 honour n yourstivet to traditions; warm to the heart all these sacred ii !d customs. You, philoeephers, declaimers, who have I rune C i n sod honour , take tare; you think to save yourselves wit`tont c n Chmtian it,structioa ; their lies year capital error; you r , march tow.rds an abyss ; who wit respect your property, " which is a derma, if y.,ti attack other elo4m a? Yon a:e W. how everything is 10 - seced because the customs of our , eh ancestors are atitndoned. Like the old Rnmsns of the i e , deesdenee, we crown with flowers our tired pleasures." w- Notwithstanding the reproaches of the Aeremblv, g- there is no d.inbt, as I said betore, that Christmas ie sal much more celebrated than it need to be. The pror.f its is evident in the farness of all the churches, the ui- p erowds hor of i h holiday m - f p e o l k it e lye and e T o e d shutting t w t i:i r g e up of crowded.te nd The sky was clear, and the tun warmed the frosty tgi atmnephere. Penp'e and carriages had 11)ckcd tees - for ther, and nature seemed completely to smile on ten Christmas is Paris. !get The Chsmber did not sit to-day. I told yon yes his terday that the President had determined to withdraw nor his project of law on primary teachers, and it was FO ; Ile but his decision hid been taken in the abrenre of M. sof de Pariea, the minister who presented it. That gea itu• tleman and his cnileseuee refuse point blank to give yor up the law. At the council board the querion was cot discussed, and the President ultimately con eor sented to go rn with the law. M. de Pari n then want down to the committee, and announced rto that the president had spin cherg d hie wind, A, aces , altercrion inamtly took place between the minter Y EVENING, DECEMBER 26, 1849. . . anThTl----he members of the committee. 1134. Montalem bed and Thiers—the former es p e cially, who had per suaded the President to abandon the project—oom plaised with great bitterness of Louis Napoleon's waded. M. Thiess informed M. de Parlez' that his law wee meeting with the greatest opposition from all quarters, and that it might possibly be rejected iM. de Parieu, however, mid th at be should persst in pressing it. "Do you think, then," M. Thins is re ported to have raid, "that you as be long successful ha thus ?laying against the Assembly. M. de Patten then tented, leaving the committee a prey to great discontent. M. de Persigny has not yet left for Berlin, and it is said that his departure will be yet further delayed. lam credibly informed that the Austrian minister here went to ask the President of the Republic questions as to the truth of the alleged object of M. de Penigny's minion. That object was stated to be to spread at Berlin the assurance that France, in conjunction with England, was favourable to the efforts of that power as against the absolutist tendencies of Austria. The President is said to have assured the Austrian ambassador that there was no foundation for this rumour, and that gentleman left, it is said, unsatisfied with his interview, he not believing much of what he had heard. I eztract tte following, relative to the alleged change in the passport system, from Galignatis Mesienger : We copied lately from a London paper a statement that the President of the Republic had announced to the English gentlemen who waited upon him on the occasion of their experimental tr i p to show the rapidity with which the postal communication with England could be ca r ried on via Boulogne and Folkestone, that the passport system was abolished. Discredit hums been thrown upon this statement by the National, we wrote to Boulogne and Calais to ascertain whether any orders heel been reeeived at either of those places in stnformity with the announcement said to have been made by the President. The answers reached us yes terday, and we ri gist to say they inform us that the passport sus m has as yet neither been abolished nor undergone any modification. We trust, however, that the promised eme.io radon has been rarely delayed, by a regard for the neces city of precautions, in a partial concession, where the pus port system is merely vexatory without offering any real security to the government, in order at the 84M0 tints to retain the restrictions on other points of the territory where, for the present at least, any relaxation might afford additions: facilities to the admission of persons whose pre sence in France without the means of controul now exer cised might be regarded as dangerous to the sate. The Nationta, in throwing discredit on the announcement banded its disbelief on the fact that it bed not beard of the revoestion of any of the laws or decrees re lative to the passport system. This, however, would of it. self be no resent for doubting the determination of the go vsrament to relax the system as regards the intercourse with England. The laws and decrees on the subject of passports do net impale upon the government the obligation of demanding that foreigners visiting France shall be pro vided with passports; they merely authorise the govern stunt to impose such restrictions if they be consider d necessary. It is in the power of the government, therefore, without an application to the legislature, to give orders for granting additional facilities to intercourse in any part of the territory where the old restrictions are no leeger ne s vary for public security ; and es it is impominle fer any min to say with truth that there is any necessity for con tinuing the passport system u regards Englishmen visiting France, we again express a hope that the promised modifica tion will soon take place. The Moniteur publishes a report from the minister of commerce to the President of the Republic, pro posing the formation of a special commission to be charged with the preparation and pub .icadon of eta tistical charts of k ranee, which may be of more ready reference that tie pondercus volumes now published, and thus become of more utility to the agricultural, commercial, and industrial interests of the country. The report was approved of by the President. Oil the recent visit of the minister of commerce to the Bourse, the president and members of the Cham ber of Commerce laid before Lim him the great indus trial inquiry which they had been charged to make out. From it it appears that labour in Paris has very much improved during the last few montue, and it some special branches of industry are still suffering. it is merely owing to temporary causes, which the minister has promised to examine attentively, with the hope of being able to apply a prompt remedy. The proposition of M. Nadaud and a number of re presentatives, recently presented to the Assembly, for extending the decree of the constituent as sembly of 15th July, 1848, on workmen's aesocia tions, was to enable such associations to undertake, by direct concession or artjudication, pubic works and manufacturing and agricultural enterprises. The pro- position was couched in such terms as to change radi cally the organisation of public works and the condi. rionsoflabour. The committee of the Assembly charged to examine the proposition, after, as has been stated, pi-posing to reject it, recommends to the Aseembly to decree that the law of 15th July shall be applicable to all works by the state, the departments,communes, and public establishments; and that associations of work men who present themselves to contract for such works shall be relieved from the necessity of depositing cau -1 tion-money. In its report, the committee states that I of the associations which have been formed, those in which masters have joined the workmen are likely to I be successful, whilst those consisting of workmen alone have been, or are likely to be, unsuccessful. Tne administration has frequently been obliged to interfere, either to increase the subventione, to re establish harmony between the membi Ts of the asso ciations, or to assist the management with advice It has been ascertained from official reports that the equality of wages bas almo.t always caused d:scord and disunion between the members of the associa tions, that discipline is almost impossible in them, that those which have had the moat success have only twelve or fifteen workmen, and that the works executed by the associations are generally not satis factory. An association of workmen for the paving of Paris has, however, succeeded : it obtained a contract exceeding 200,0901 r., at such a price am, whilst en abling toe municipality to effect a very important saving, gave to each man 4fr. 50c. a day, besides a share in the surplus profits, calculated to be 178 fr. each man. But it is stated that these paviours are the of their class, that the nature of their work is ex ceptional, that they maintain the strictest discipline, that they had a private capital to commence with, and that, though they adopted the principle of equal wages for themselves, they did not apply it to the men they employed. M. de St. Priest has presented a proposition, having for object to place Ander the guarantee of the public treasury the transmissit n by the Post-office of bark nctes, bills of excharigii, beakers' papers, S:c. It has been referred to the Committee of Parliamentary Initiative. The Jegrinal des ll:bats 'aye :—" The following nominations are announced as baring been decided on : M. Bout ie, consul-general at Berme, to replace M. de Chtsteau at Tangiers, in the same quality ; M. de Lespsrda, consul ai Trieste, to proceed as consul gene ral to Ileyrout ; M. Lean Roches, secretary of lega tion at Tangiers, to be consul at Trieste; M. Villamus, corisol at Porto-Rico, to go as consul to Venice; and M. Flory. consular agent at Girgenti, to be consul at Mogador." Tne Societe de Bienfaisance of Biomes, department of the I ere, has sent an address to the President of the Republic, expressing their gratitude for the bill on e` aritable sssociations which to caused to be pre f., rated to the Assembly, and which they say will se cure a better fortune to the working classes. The lie f,rea , was seized yesterday for printing, trom the Northern Star, an address from the exiles in Lord in to the democrats of E glsrei, which con cluded with the words, " Vie.. it Republique Demo crkceic et Si.ciee. Being Christmas-day, there was no Bourse. MADAM, Dee. 19.—Three per (Vats., 30j ax. Four per Crete., 12i paper. }tee per Canto., 12 paper. Coupon., 7f. bank of bt. terthuand, So papa. Exchange u Lembo, 50.45. SWITZERLAND, The Federal Cauncil of Switzerland has addressed a me-sage, dated the Mb. to the Council of State of the editcut of Ticino, stating that M. de Thum, the Au-trian arnbait.ador at Berne, had learnt from Mar shal }Weida thit r. }rectory Lombards were being 'twilled in the Carlton of Ticino, for the government of Saroinia; and, as his excellency believed, against the Austrian government : that his • xcellenct , there fore, demanded that an inquiry b. commenced on the etthject, and that prompt sitisfaction be given in case the report be founded on truth. The Federal Council consequently invites tie Council of State of Ticino to put an immediate stop to such enrolments, it they be really in progress. The Ticino Gazette, which pub !sates the nbcre message, ads thrt the cantonal go verment, notwithqsnding its conviction that the Atietriin amba-tador'a suspic:oni are untouta!ed, has ordered an inquiry to be set on loot immediately. ITALY. SARDINIA. —Oar correspondent writes: TURIN, Dac. 20, 11 A.m. To-day, at this hour, when lam writing to s ou, Victor Emmanuel is opening the present session of parliament in the senate. It is the first time he has appeared in public since the death of his father, the late King Charles Albert. The queen is also pre sent. They were both received with applause by the people and the national guards, on issuing from the palace. The king, after pronouncing himself the speech, will present his eldest son, a boy five years of age, dressed in the uniform of a pr ivate of the na tional guards, to the national guards, and the different I legions of Turin will draw lots to see which shall enrol the young prince as a member of that guard. 1 1 All this tends to the popularity of the king; but much will depend on the nature of the speech which his ministers have composed for him, and that not only u to its effect on public opinion generally, but also as to its consequences and its effect on the minds of many of the conservative party, who would very properly wish to see the ministry follow a vigorous and efficient policy, and carry out the corstitutional system in its spirit, as well as in the observance of its letter, and especially imprint an energy and proper direction to the diplo macy of the Piedmontese government, in which it has of late been sadly deficient, no matter from what causes that may bare arisen. It is, however, an ele ment not only of strength and security for the country, but may, under present circumstances, be said to be the very basis of its existence as an inde pendent state, since it is very evident that it is on the good understanding of this government with the diplo macy of Europe, and especially of England and France, and by the skilful manner in which the interests of Piedmont are managed, that depends whether this devoted country will have, like the rest of unfortunate Italy, to submit to the in sidious influence or even the arbitrary encroachments of Austria. There is a rumour of a note, sent by Radetzsky or the Austrian cabinet, demanding the I suppression or punishment of the exorbitances of the democratic press here, with a threat of ulterior intervention if this demand be not complied with. Whether the tumour be well founded or not, certain it is that Austria cannot see without uneasiness a free press au near her Italian possessions, held only by the tenure of the sword, and all ready to rise in insurrection at the first semblance of a chance of success, or even of the pos sibility of a struggle ; and I doubt not that she would set at defiance the law of nations, and invade this country, if she could but manage to isolate it from French and especially from English protection. It is therefore towards the securing the sympathies of the English cabinet, and the conntetance and support of the French one, after the example of the English, that Piedmontese statesmen tend. I have just obtained a copy of the King's speech, of which I hasten to send you a translation. The —ch appeared in yesterday's Express. The King of Sardinia has addressed the following order of the day to the national guards at Turin : Officers and.Soldi. rt of the National °nerd, —Your pre sence and, r arms on the solemn °coition of the opening of parliament is the expression of my thoughts—namely, the exercise of liberal institu.ions as the foundation of the hap piness of the people. All my cares are turned to this ob• feet. You have never refused your assistance in maintaining order ; yon have rot ceased to give proofs of affection and devotedness to the throne and my family. My gratitude and affection towards you shall never cease. be tura of it. I address Mae word, to you all who have assembled at Turin. I w'sh they may be heard by the national guards of the kini.tom, wi.h whom you fam but one family, and in whom I have the same confidence. Officers and soldier', continue to fulfil your duties as you have hitherto done ; let order and liberty be your motto, and I shall always be with you, as my son is from this moment in your ranks. VICTOR EMMA:HURL. (nun at Turin, Dec. 20. TUSCANY.—The Nosier:ale of Florence, of the 16th, states that the Tuscan government intends con voking the Chambers about the beginningof February. The minister of finacce has decided that no more treasury bonds for the new loan shall be sold ander 90 per cent. This decision is to be attributed to the offer of a great banking establishment, to buy all the remaining bonds at that price. VENlCE.—Letters from Vznice of the 17th an nounce that the Italian Tyrol is to be united to the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom. ROMAN STATES.—For lack of other news from Rome we give the following. The Statute of Florence, in a letter from Rome of the 17th, says:—"We are expecting a change of policy on the part of the government. It seems that even the most obstinate are yielding to the dictates of common sense. We learn from Portici that the Pope had sent for Cardinal Lambruschini, and offered him the supreme direction of the State. The Cardinal is reported to have snswered that he had been minister I under Gregory XVI., and that he was opposed to a constitution, but that he was obliged to confess that now it was impossible to refuse it." The Costiluziunaleof Florence publishes the follow ing: "The steamer Madrid, arrived from Civita Vecchia, brings the important intelligence that the Roman question is solved; that the Pontiff restores the identical constitution which existed at the time he lett Rome, gives a greater extension to the amnesty, and has come to en arrangement with the catholic powers, in consequence of which Rome is to be oc cupied by 0,000 Spanish troops; 10,000 French are to occupy Civita Vecchia, and 10,000 Austrians are to be stationed at Ancona and in the Legations." NAPLES.—Our correspondent writes: NAPLES, Dec. 17. The policy which the Austrian and Russian cabi nets impose on that of Naples, will certainly prove fatel in the long run. The whole population is made to feel the military despotism of Ferdinando H. Whilst the crowded prisons can hold another man, the police will work. A new list of nearly 150 names is now in the hands of the executive, whilst Naples is already deprived of nearly every honest citizen it possessed. All who contributed to the constitutional journals are now under a mandate of arrest. The editors of La Staenpa (a moderate paper, which en deavoured to sustain the eonstitutional law) are eying from the police. Vengeance is the order of the day ; the government gains courage as it ad emcee, and every new capture but adds to its thirst for more victims. It is my duty to record the 'needy of another act of Austria, per tectly on a par with those which the jour nals of Europe daily publish. The Neopolitans who were in Venice when the heroic people of that city capi tulated, received Austrian passports, and • ere coa -1 veyed from Venice by an Austrian steamer to some I distant p^rt, which refused to receive them, whereup m I the captain of the vessel turned into Brindtsi, a Nea politan pert, thus throwing the exiles into the hands of the government, which claimed them as subjects. Two of these unfortunate victims, lam informed, threw themselves into the sea, and the rest remain awaiting their fate on board the steamer. The whole affair appears very much like a preconcerted plan to piece these men in the hands of their enemies. It will be remembered they were sent by their king .o Venice to fight the Austrians, and when recalled, refused to obey, considering the freedom of Italy a more sacred call than that of their sovereign. It re mains to be seen if they will be eventually given up to the Neapolitan government. I have nothing now to add about the Pope. Hie holineis remains at Portici, waiting, I understand, the result of the new French general's communica tion with his government—communications which have arisen out of his late visit to Portici. His Neapolitan majesty has, during the last few days, amused himself with boar-hunting in the royal preserves. To-day the Neapolitan government made full repa ration to the Au-trian minister for the insult offered to tie double-headed eagle during the revolutionary times, when the arms were publicly burnt. His ex cellency was serenaded by a military band, and re c iced a numbsr of government officials. The soldiers were addreseed by the ambassador, and the whole went oft, ursobserved by the people, to the sound of merry music. DRAINAGE OF LODMOOR, NEAR WEYMOUTH.— Preliminary steps are being taken for the purpose of re claiming and draining this meiotic(' waste, which is now wholly under water. Indemndently of the advantaged which would arise from carrying out such a measure in an alricultural point of view, it is considered it would be of great benefit to Weymouth in improving its minatory con oilion, for during the prevalence of northerly winds in the dry weans the misensatio influences are wafted towards the town, and must under the circumstances have a prejudicial effect. An engineer, who has been employed in similar operati• no hie been engaged to report a‘ to the best mnrs of aeounplislitast this desirable object.—Salisbury Herald. GERMANY. The following details concerting the insurrection in Servia will be found highly interesting : The military force alone of the rebels is eftimated . at 120,000 men, with 110 cannon; and if they are joined by the Croat., which appears highly probable they will have 200,000 men, with 300 cann o n, Th e numbers of the insurgents are doily . swelled by d e , sorters from the Austrian regiments to Peterwstdein, Esseg, &c. There appears in the Reichccilung a letter of the 10th from 13elgrade, which has created much -ecsa. tion. The confeseiois of numetona deeertiona L t d great discontent give room to the public to surmise how much worse the real state of affairs must b e . This letter is BO remarkable that I shall give it is, full. BELGRADE, DEC. 10.—Io the military lr undarie e of Syrinia and the Banat great excitement p•f vary because these are excluded from the Weiwodesehaft, Excesses are of nearly daily occurrence in the re i k e meat of Peterwardein. (" Regiment" here us ual " military district"). Pity that the new organi.ati ee (of the military boundaries) could not be pohlished, in the lower countries at the same time with the ha. perial patent of Nov.lB (for the Woiwodeseha), all ground for agitation would have been stopped. Th e revolution, which during the last year has shaken has not been without an important reaction on th e boundaries. Discipline has without doubt suffered, the cordons are not guarded with the former strict. nese, nor are the lively sympathies to be denied %%hid prevail between the Servians on both barks of the Save. The desertions from Austria to S,r‘i A bre ce-tainly very considerable. Let us ho,* that these sympathies will at some future period extend the greatness and the power of .14-tria. That the Servians are net content with the at rouge. meat of the Woiwodesehaft is plain. The op;,o,.futs of this measure, among whom is to be ree k, net the Russian consul at Belgrade, Lewkin, say that ail the Serviana have won upon the map of Aurria :s the title (of Woiwodeschaft). That the feeling of PI, tionality should be vehement and =gnat fah he busied only about itself, and know no other aspect, has nothing surprising." When you consider that this communication flo e s from a quarter in the immediate confidence , ed pay of the government, whose task it is to glow aria varnish all mishaps, that they may preees.t. the least alarming face, you will readily believe that no trifle lies beneath. I am given, in fact, to understand that the government possesieff de spatehes from Belgrade, three days later th the above date, which contain news of great imp , taaw, possibly the same which I have stated at the cam. mencemer t of this letter. The imputation th-own out 'Oust the Russian consul Levekin is vary im. portant. He is virtually accused of Pottering the discontent of the Serviana. Lewkin, a little hump. backed man, of much shrewdness and talent, vas formerly consul at Christiania ; he hue a b other, gen• ral of en;ineers in the Russian army. The Austrian government will doubt:e•s attempt to get bins removed. This is highly cha-acttristie of the policy of Russia to intrigue against a &ice:anent with which she is in strict aliittuce. But causes are in operation to bring it about which are beyond his control. The latent accounts from Servile mention that the Rossiu agitation is cloying daily more open and daring, &Da ilia the it:credible activity of the agents of dist poser ads te the eanclus'on that sanguinary enigma mettswdlslueddy break out between Russia and Turkey. 'I he Pr ~e* Servia hu already refused to pay tile tribute due to ihe Porte, of 34 000 ducats, and the ermi :g of ell mslo Aoki is being carried on with the greatest possible made, without any one knowing where the arms come fru It is not to be doubted, however, that Russia prov.s , t the arms, for the Servians received in 1818 several cenro a tad 10,000 musk ts from Russia, when they were barmier te the assists:tee of their brethren in the Banot. St is is a most dangerous weapon for the Russian policy to em for while it is injurious to the Porte, it is at the suer tins most dangerous to ,Austria, as the lister will se.ry aim find, in the growing increase of the influence of Se via Is Hungary.— Breslau Gantt. Our correspondents from Vienna and Berlin writs as follows: VIENNA, Dec 19 I understand, from good authority, that the coveys meet, in order to relieve its financial teeessitirs,bri determined to raise a forced loan of 30 miltietud florins in the Lombard-Venetian kingdom. The Aso obliged to furnish this sum will embrace all who pity above a certain amount of annual taxes. Three. fourths of the loan will have to be paid in ep. c'e, the rest in the notes issued upon the revenue of the Lem bard-Venetian kingdom. The bonds are to bear .; pee cent. interest. Concerning the term and matter of repayment I have heard no details. Thus. then, f vas present the government hopes to help its want c.ftba precious metals, and to remedy the paralysis of the money market. But those who know the Dalian are of opinion that they will not hesitate to make great sacrifices to cut the government off frou de riving any benefit from the withdrawal of so much coin from Italy. The Milanese, in sp'te of much confiscation and extortion, are still rich. Their efforts will be directed to make their gold flow bait to them by operating upon the money market at Vienna. The bonds of the loan will he got riri of at any sacrifice : bank notes will be paid for them. and with these bank notes their metallic money will be purchased back again. While the Austrian money market remains more flooded NW' par r than ever. It is true that by so doing they will sustain a cons: derable loss, but not more in the end perhaps than If they were to keep the bonds of the loan. These who renounced the habit of smoking to damage the Anv trian revenue will not spare themselves to defeat this operation of the Austrian finance minister. On Sunday a thaw set in, and since we have been gradually emerging from the state of block"° both by land and water. The river hes not over•tepped its bounds as yet, bat all precautions as agains: at in undation were taken, boats being got ready on the quays, end so forth. The term for giving up the K•issuth note is pro longed to the end of the year, after which time ens cesiers of that paper who are detected W. be severely punished. Dm 20. A conflict has taken place at Comoro, tibiae although perhaps of not much political menninv,tlS ciently evinces the humour of the soldiery. Tlo ere lonel of the Deutchmei.ter regiment announced to his men that on the entrance of the rew eeF their pay would be placed on a peace -footing. Taw news was received with murmurs of great d* satisfaction, and in particular a corporal, gave vent to loud complaints on the way in which the acid•ers were treated by the government, after such laboring services. The colonel commanded that corporal to be arrested, and threatened to have him tried by court martial for mutiny and shot. But the corporal wee defended by his comrades. Then a strong a t.ch inent of the regiment of Hesse-Homburg was F, t 0 seize the mutineers, but were unable to eel that object. A conflict succeeded, in which the t—o regi ments fired on each other, and several were and wounded. What the upshot of the affair VW loot distinctly known. Manguet, the governor of Styria, has f or hWen the municipalities in his province to receive the Dole issued by the government upon the future revenue! of the Lombard:Venetian kingdom in payment rates. No one seems to know what the gown(' means by such a stupid prohibition. R ill not Welden has announced that hank shares be receiv. d by the government in caution-m*l dep ß osit& adetski was to be at Venice ay, wta letters received from those about ta- hi d m. I leaordirnng that the Archduke John will leave Frankfort on tl , c 2 0 1 and after passing same days in Vienna will retire to °rats. - - I understand that the project of the Italian Neel loan hen been dropped fir the p resent monynt• I know that the views which I stnted peat-rdiy two; urged to N. Krause against it. Whether he I.lli.rea himself to be convinced by those argum ents, o r with. drew the plan on acconut of the news from the Lowe Danube, I know not. BERLIN, Pre The law reducing the postal tariff has rewired t l9 sanction of the King. In consequence of the sequitts l o f WILMA d. ttd warrant for the arrest of D'Ester has been recalle, Baron Ktinneritz, Saxon ambassador a t the cows of Vienna, sorted yesterday for Breslau. 1 1 "" . accompanit dto the train by Count Bernsto Hewl people talk of an approximntim of Sas)ay Prussia. THE We have recei containing thei si n ner to Points relating is are mentioned a emirs of the h of c ontroverq five senators, " maintained in it had propee! t b high com mute respective wet °wh i n o ther U su ffrage, a beta The SSMe Pap /k 6, the first - w hich reda" ll o f the yearly . th lostrr high co ,000 i.; mc Congress is i already anticil yesterday ever no t been able t without orgaui crate hold the two parties a legislative pug; the present. solitary Mean could repeat, some of the en deem us in a days have ela betore the btu Far from it. mental busies namely, the granted until is sometimes of consequem and therefore nothing is r of delay in cl General Tits I how to avail in his way. t an expressto by a faction invele the is that the p to set with t in view—na rid of s Azle Two of the visers in its tied with th gentlemen c their resign their northt rati( Cali the prig' niao ther