The Express. — London, England, 1849-09-10 00:00:00

THE CHOLERA. 21411111 01 deaths from cholera sod diarrbrea re -oto 18. Gams' 13.;8rd of Health ea Saturday last, Clhol..rs. Maraca. lielbora St. Gilds sal Bt. Georg* -• Wen Lambdas St. Owe, Boathwaek l6 1 flooseadok : l3 8 2 13 Bs Olavo, track. 8 _ Lifeboat Wallahs/4 SO 3 Swag 2 St. Goorre-isiko-lint (co Mara) — Nut= Illutrey n 4 Mary 4 4 St. Psalm l4 1 Notes Str.old St. Oacolt, Hanwasr.quare 2 St. James, Wastualeolar 1 Clerkoadall St. Lake, Maass= •• 6 8 Cashorwal is I St. Bsviour'r, &surasarit ls Hackney I s 4 II Warlswenli 4 1 lawliss WA Luisa 4 1 lisisill* lobobibs 4 Mims l4 Girl Lades O. 11seMs4rthe-1 0 1.14. 1 1 Womakeser 7 1 Slosates UM 14 4 2 Clidkom Oral 1 ammolion 6 llllmam Persons 3 1 Mosneaser ungnoslsyma 4 _— Tynumnsik lO Lumina( 2 I Brighton N- ath . West KW; 3 Bradford .ad Nona Si Ai ileoleoates 2lO 6 Bristol 7 Tewkesbury lO Graves od am Malan Moldstanse Bt. Govraions RocAaard Dowsb•ry 2 Tusk 5 Donor Asekno7 Londe 65 3 Bungles 24 3 Mishap W, Ivornanapcon and Swaim • 66 6 'Widower Bornstsets Wet Wonelsonso 3 B , utb SWAGS 1 - Billies ll Ilan Witten Be Iv .. tr. .: 0. ) 1 1 Balked Nottingbans 1 1 Nub (do 1 3 duns Taviatork 4 Worcester 1 Bury 2 2 Preston 1 Minhasy IMT P 7 1 Wo.fitanton 3 Manchester Gawborough Astral-undo, L) so St. Alban 2 Abt simian, Abingdon 1 Alverstono Aln wick Buminghosn 2 Bochniastor Barnet Blaokburn 1 Blythtng (safes kt Welmin 1 CborPon enorntry Chort.ey Chiebostor 1 Coigne Cris Mussed (Aug. 7us & pt. 7) .... 61 1 Clitaoross Croydon and Miriam Dadle• Dartfurd Darlington Idcate.B.lll 7 Woo 1 Basta 1 Palmists. 2 Farnham (July 7 se Bops. 7) 6 4 Goole 3 Holtsugh Bowden Hondlogssis liortford Hamden — 1 Bosky 2 Missidorsiald 4 1 Ilauleosion ... _ 1 Rsougsto (Isle el Timm) 1 Her.. (Lial) 1 Ipswich 3 Dieslly - X adhton L3siliborAigi .. 1 Lauuteston Otterhead thamford Brigs Tow,' L Seethad : Dan let 7 It. Andrews 8 - liawiek Laudon sad 76 inelaity 3IS 46 Proriairs flaatiaad l3 Orsini Teta The above returns Mien 97 deaths la the adropolis, wh'e►h see given n th. returns et tbe junior Lean TM nenther of Means marled be the a don diem are, fat the metropolis. 274 ; std ter the County. 806 ; but di , it Mans do not in general onsprehead t he oases that are anted by medical saes is private mune The Board et Health jutted the follerwitei similar to the clergy wa Boned y :—Ornenl Board of Hain ) Owydyr- Muss, Weiteltall, Anse 8, 1849 —Rev Bir,—l um directed hy the General 11 wed el Health to sate, that at the request the 181-11 , p of load ,, a the ham Ithrsoith transmitted to Ms a copy of tie Nuisances Betel sad Diseases Pres...- den Ameadment Act. and I as to ail your &math. to the asvisiese in seet. 9, 10, 11, sad 12, Mutated to ',melds memo of re:thi from the evils I.ecatiesset by the acted e•neti dra 411 latramsral graveyards. I am at the seas time to osany to you tie awarsoses of the Gnus' Bad of H aln that sossistuely with the promeg deasods upon them fee aseletause daring tho present visdatiou of dsa le nese, sad the Waited seems at their disposal is, meeting sash do wade, they will give their earnest attendee to LIMP isms whin may as pear to esquire the "Weans of the pawl. Bi 011• of the set. I Mb We) to oath, with reformats to the pleasant snaneements cantemplated by the slants, that this heard have expressed to the Bishop of Leedom their desire to carry oat, as far as easy be practicable, the spirit of the seassepsayleg r-seintions, entailed in a report el a committee at the settroaitaa clergy, aid adopted et • ineeing of that body, presided over by the Very Rev. the Dees cee 116mairater, and afterwards submitted to and sp preyed by the Rani, of London sad Winchester. 1 he menage report the followng as the result cf their inquiries : • lire, they beg to express their *squirmed in the opi aloe now es rurally sod strongly entertained by the peolie, that it is exceirdir my desirable that iderraeate within ths metropolis, naps in the steel he mentioned, Beet. No. 25 a n d 28, st) lid be dnontinaed, sad that larger and more convenient b grounds that those at nutmeat exist-' ing should be subrituted at remonabla distances from the metropolis, provided each geoundr, when established, be parochial bud J greed., with • reservation to all parties now having or heresher by law to have metals lettersets in the ancient chum 'pallier parochial burial trotted; deli the l i same retie, pried. re, and dutie s now Waning to them. • • " lo submi t.ng tee above plea, the committee beg to stun that their object Aren't:out his been not merely to provide for the removal of the evils tithe present mete= ' and for the Preserved n of earlier rights, bat to suggest th e extesioa of benefit to the community. Thar wish is that every inhabitant of L-did in, however poor, ahou'd have a legal right to the L pliVillOM on the tlea.h of a relative : astacy, as undldurbe 1 grave in the paean) seelosisa of a well ordertd burial-ground. The full perform nee of the Church of Borlead series. The respectful c invey ecel rt the b uly to the place of burial, and when are the removal of a body from the place of death may be desired, it- cue rod eVe castoJy in • house of reclition until the time of bail. They wish these privileges not to be of a n plas m every character ; but the prevision of the dumb for the papieadon, whether rich or pa e, to be ob faired by *ray ore on application at the church of his Pariti, and en the payment of the lowest charges fur which sae% stales eon be rendered." The bled teas: that they may tome , ' your aid is their sadearrnu to earl oat this important work in each a man err se to give the asset pond seliderliss. It is probable that the beard will :grin se be uppish with fat/maths as to the sauna or the pereshiel holies remade is year parish. the umbers ialsesed r dim. the *MI ambers el deaths la the push, awl ether pinkish= shish it say be is your power to famish; bet et these eiselss they trill ove yes early setioe.—l have tla ismer es be. HUSSY ACITIN, 86111,1,111. Birgrot..—The Mem he the award sky of swears pcnewhat woo bitaarakk o Wig lot the I; P : 6 4 r a as fellows: eati7lla7 — dieubsol stadlag the thirmear7 ea es), 190 ; apseost.Milf Ilbeles. let death., 8. Sea aPPlesebbll 30 Iffla 9 ; doa• bora, 9 ; deaths, 8. liartezes.—The afield Maras 4: be . 114111 lb akin of the Minthyr district sull wastiano talerau;;Putourable t for although there are fluctaatiensia the namborsolseistiDs, and the reports toe medal are lees shoeing this them fur anutZer, yet on the whole there is ream to kept that the epidemic will no: again attain to m virulent a theraintr as it has shown in this 01-faeld Inaba. The Maras are thew:— Filmy, Sept. 7: Derthyr—sew eases, 9; deaths, 2; Petty , dart.a S ept MO, 3 ; deaths, 0; Doelais, new Goes, 3 ; deaths, 2; Aberdare ' new owe, b; deaths, 2: total—new Mee% dthths, 6. Smartly, B:pt. 8 : Muth) r ' new apes, IC; seethe, 10 ; Pealdirres, pew ass's, 0; deaths, 3; 15:11, arm cams, 3; deaths, 2; Aberdare, yew oasis, 3; deaths, 0: told—sew eases, 20 ; doarks,ls. Prase the e as. aseasenent the seashore haws bow: Merthyr stun 1.788; deathe,7os; Penvdarthe, attacked, 208; Laths, 169 ; 1 Danish, attacked, 1,170; dea th s, 486 ; Aberdare, attacked, 318; deaths, 96. Grand total tor the distritt, a;taeked, 3,491 ; deems, 1,4.56. PLIIMOUTS. Toe warns for the week ate as follaws: Caplets 97 ; die , 181 ; deaths , 45. Ti.. return is lavoeratilo es compered with that of last week. Davemrsat—At the meetings of he Board if Biwa dart g the peat week the state of th• town has b en tboueht so be each as to p. unit of a r.duete u in the staff 4.1' me dical oilLers. Tao chole.a has broken out at the house or the sisterhood, is Stokitterrath, and the of the houushold, termed a serving or waiting sister, has fallen a viltire. WweCm.—Cholera is snaking oonsidorsble ravages in Wialruth at this time. Witla:n three winks, as maoy as 40 have been taken off by the epidemic. The msj ri:y of ththe act.eked were provimply in the enjuyment of goad health, sad within 12 hours were Corp... Demean —During the pest hie days there have b en some eases of ebuiers in this city and neighbourhood, bat they have not been so numerous as to mesh any great degree or aisrai. Wsmneme.—The cholera has brt•kes out with Brea. virulent* ua this tows sad seialtbrarberxl, and erste.' of the inhabitants have alreedy fallen irctima to ay.. wourre PllMM.—Altimagik the malady mill lumpre among as, the ansab.r of mass &es sot mi pes:. to ha on the inereim ; aLd while the mumpr is which it is atifeets .its *rooms* is o:ten eices_iuitly • rra . le aa3 unacceuntabir, wi rrr induced to hop loom the d. crease in the mamba of persons affected in nontibmring towns, that we may perhaps escape with a ribitAtioe. - - YA amount —There is ao isms,* of cholera oases. Those watch ass. oceairsd hews been eases of 'aims., all of whom WITS beau Testis. CADTDOW.—Tba cbolera kas somewhat skated. The nunewe of fetal Mel for the week ending Efier. 6 being 13, ap...rielp a &ern.. xis on the pr ettimg week. POITYPOOL.—CkoIers is still at the dowse's. KINOSANU t.:AWsitiD —lens platesee being Mo rally me.lat.tl by thii dire dhow*. Atemt Bd—or mute 'heal in 20 of the whole porda.ion, have elreedy died, and I. pestilence is still raging, there having been .2 m.ny as .itibt deaths within the la.t d.y. The pr. ple are pattie s elte., a, d &eine the tiwns The school-rues bet MIS Kiorsand and Mi lbzLok , sad a barn kindly lent by the Eael of *mot Eigeinwb, have been tied es ten :Tway reeideoess for the p or. Name hair. been tupplied from P.yw nth, and six lowliest sea have gone to attesid up.t tie eke. Tuaruitee.—ln this place there bevel:wen 44 deaths since the begin. lag of August, when the &ties% tr ke out. CalJlTOCt.—s.re there have been f •ar deaths and several casts, but the dintse is not likely to spread. ST. GlitillANl.—The di-ease has broken out In this bor •wph, six eases and two deaths having occurred. BUSALUITON.—At Beeraltca the diatbs have reached to 80, or ',early 1 in 20 of the population, whits *mounts to 1,700. The state of t h e place as regards smithy arrange ments is described as shaking. These is absolutely no drainage, and the dwellings us overcroaded. higVAOMET.—A torrearwder,t, relerrir.g to the state of things in Metragissi y. says—. It were well, if it were ap proved t f by the owners of bowies, to pull some of them down. They are at pr: seat so ill-amarged as to prevent a free currant of sir; and thus a pleasant village, or twin, replete with sea brevet.., and redolent of health, is cri 'bed up Into a location for eta maul pestil• nee, deciatatii g the ii.habitants, said intimidating strangers." HYDROPIIOBIA AT ARINILEY.—In OUr last we ( Leeds Mercury) gave xclus:vdy the particulars of two dotre.sing ears of hydrophobia at the vd rue of Ards's', where two promising young mi n had been sacrificed to the h orri bl e w e e n i er occasioned by tee bite of a dog in a rabid state. We are now enabled to furnish our readers with the particulars of the inquest upon the body of one of them, Frederick Arundel.. The evidence adduced was ti at of William Arunoale, who deposed that he was the 'either of the deceased, who was IS years old. That ten weeks ego be was bitten by a dog on tke upper part of the leP arm, sad en the fore-Seger of the ri e rht band. The dog after wards bit two others be it was destroyed, and one of the parties had died mad a fortnight ago trees His eQ eye His son die rot begin to complain until the previous Moneta, ; before which tiles he had been quite will, the wounds having healed. His son am first seen by two doctors on the Tuesday, who told him they were afraid that there was something coming on from the bite—they wished him to let Mr. Waterton try his remedy of the Wourai preion, should his son be wore. Mr. W. had altered to send to London for a doe - or, at his own ex ,to try it, if witness and his friends were willing. is son was not agrorahle at that time —he got wore*, and on Wedoesday Mr. Stetter saw bin, hot be died on the day following. Sarah Arundel', the mother of deemed, stated that sue went with him several tines to a person nee -d Dixen. a farrier at Wakefield, who told her he could cave him. sad he pee him a red powder in take in some water and beer, sad dressed hip wounds until they were healed. Her 110. WM SO bad ea tie day of 'On death that it took nom tour to KZ men to roil Low in bed. Verdict—" D ceased died from hydrophobia." A WOMAN SUPPOSED T) HAVE BEEN BURIED Aura —Oa Tuesday evening great excitement arose in Deypeol Churchyard, at the funeral of Mary Crow sired 28, the wife of a soldier, Wein, in Marvel-rreet, near the the Citadel, wit, had been mail with cholera, half-an-hour after midnight, and at one o'clock in the afternoon was pro nounced by the medical men who hal attended her to be a corpse. One o' those gentlemen was the regimental sergeon, and the others highlierespectsbe medical praritioner co the town. Amapa:thins were wide for the in cement in Dry pool-churchyard, about six o'clock. Toe body was about that time lowered into the pave, the service was read by the Rev. Mr. Moreton, and the friends then appr ached the crave alio to take a last look, when one of them declared that a arise proceeded from the interior of the cMn It was forthwith taken out, and there b log no proper tools at hand, the lid was forcibly broker open, and in that MVO I the corpse wan removed sack to her rest:once. The dil ate ins clergyman (who is also chaplain to the garrison) made a strict legally into the case, and oommtutiested tie facts to the wrote?, who, being 'aligned with the army surgeon's certificate that death had o:curred through natural anew, declined holden' an inquest, and the bid y was reinterred on the following day, without any repetition of religious ser vice.—Bus! Packet. ACCIDENT WITH LOSS OF LIFE AT NEWBEGIN ittonwoale.—A tiara' seeideot has occurred at the Pak Gate Wurks. at Newbegin, era r Ro'herbant. The fasts are as follows :—A now pipe or tunnel was meted on the sums'• of the blast forams. and reveal workmen were em ployed to wears this upper pipe with iron pirdinors. The fur nace had been closed fur broom fourdpyswhi let "he above pro eeediap were going on, mad them hands wore ba.ily migeged is this work above, when, by some cineassgement, an order was given that the " breast work " should be opened to try the effect of the pipit'. This order, we under stood, wee gives by the manager; whether or not, it km had a fatal effect, sad we are sorry to add, that one life has bten lost, and another, it is ex p cited, will sredily follow. It appears that Robert Bums, Jame* Hawk's, and James gore were in the pips whoa the sulphur 'seeped ; another was, named Hobert Swam, had me leg amide the top of the pipe and the other insiik As slant was soon given as to the mitebiet which had been done, and the aperture stopped up which so imerPperly mot forth the sulphurous matter, but not till a man named Charles Booth, at the risk of his life, went up to says the lives of has unfortunate companions. HP succeeded, after another had failed ; and, astounding as it may emu, eight individual were platted together, inside and outside of the work, in a rate of suffication. They wire conveyed to ea adjoining field, sad their laces placed upon the • inch downwards. Surgical assistance was seat for /roes Botkerkem, sad Mr. Wilkie son ems arrived, who adminis tered the necessary antidotes. Si, we are happy to say, have so far recovered as to bp enabled to follow their ulna avocation, bat poor Sam died on Sleds, moraine last. The coroner held an inquest in his body, sod the verdict was is accordance with the fats we have given.—Doneosier Gazette. _ _ _ SHOCKING ACCIDENT.—A most unusual denCrip. Goa of midget, attended with very serious results ottems.d to Mr. Tenses Brook., on Moneav last. He had placed a pair of kid gloves upon his hands for the purpose of cleaning them, and was washing them in turpentine, when findinr the exhalation affecting his throat, he went to the kitchen to fetch hi. pipe. He lit a pies of piper at the fire, in order to ignite the shear), when unfortunately the fleas sus tno near one of the gloss, then soaked and wet with the inflammable liquor, and in an instant his hand was in a bine. Taking bold of it with the other hand to pull the glove off, that too ignited, sad then in his alarm he rubbed bxk hands in his hair, which was directly burned off, and the right side of hi. lam was dreadfully scorched. He only extinguished the flame. upin his hands at last, by throwing himself down and wrapping them in the carpet. Ws are sorry to say that his hands are east Write) , injured, the skin being entirely bur..ed off with the gloves, and be has insailee, sins in the greatest suffering sod danger.—Wor cester Herald. - - - -• DEATH or PETER ALA:.—Oa Friday, the 31st ult., the famous Peter Allan, who had hewn bluing( a sail. of a dome rooms out of the megnesias limestone rook at Warden, on the sea e•Ast between S sutnBbialds and Monk. erstrniouth, died el infiaminatiee. aged 60; and on Sunday hi e rma i" it • , /red at Waltham. la the room of los aged father . inu*.her, heels of theta upwards of St years old.—Gateshead Ostrow. THE BOARD OF HEALTH AND THE CHOLERA, A MOWN; of the Word of tliteoton sad guardian of tbe poor of ift. Pancras wee held cc ?they, at th e board room or the weekhothe, Caundtchtows. menumet to speie/ innantons, for the ;estrus of ressiviag a deputation from the G. moral Beard Of Health in ref, reuse to the gaolers- MZ. CEUMCRWAIDZIPI HIAZZY presided, sad Mr OLIN_ ass, medical superintend's. and Dr. CALVIR T a tt en d e d as a depthaties hoes the Scipio' Health. Mr. GRAINGER mid he bad hoes deputed, with Dr. Calvert, by the Beard of Health to wait op albs authorities of St Nacres, with • slim t 3 posseat unmans for the check of cholera is that district. Daring the put week 2 700 lives had bees lost by the diseased, an d the continue I preveenee of the epidemic thromheet the metropolis, sod the fright ful ranges which the diet the was making, were sash as to create serious alarm is %Unlade*/ her Mejesty'sgoverameat. In order to evert be imlawsty as musk as possible, and to te;:tek the_ progress of the thesam, the General Baud of Health, with the sanction of the government, ba 4 resolved to %moist • certain number et medical sees of eminence to esperintend the medical Mat et the Tatio4lll districts of the metropolis ; and, is lugs parishes hke Marylebotte and Bt. Pa tam, a audia,l patients would be app.anted superin tendent Mike medical staff of ouch pariah during the preys- Imo, of the disease. Dr. Calvert, who accompanied him, bad bees appointed to the perith of St. Patens, and the Lard of Health eernesily hoped to have the co-operation of the aathoritin in earning out their plan of h awl, to house vhitatkes. The 80414 et Health had proved by ezperienes . hat such visitation was one of the safest wagon ,a aghast the .prod of cholera. Another point to whets he wieht d to direst the attention of the board, as to the course which they eltoull pursue when casts of chide,. or diarrkma were detected, w.e, that the parties attested with the di seam should be at once removed to some pins of rasp or clean lodgings previously provided, and that during their absence the hones toe parties eat been taken from should be thoroughly e:eannA and lineweshed. All this could be done by toe board of directors, under the sow' , inwndenos of the medianl gentleman appointed by the Board of Hi act., who t ad now appointed eight or nine 'stoical gentleman is vales, parte of the metropolis. An•ther isponant polo: sac test the directors should em ptier the thedittel thou of the parish to rogue nurses or other proper penons to attend on these &Meted with the diens* who had nut the mans of providing such assistance for themselves. O her gentlemen bevies *when, it wee resolved, on the minium of Mr. Ilicattim, weeLded by Mr. Brocarow, that •Ite eonsasnieautree and suggestions or the Board o. Health be taken ire considarstl. a. The board, after other haulms, separated. THE BOARD OF HEALTH AND THE EARLT CLOSING MOVIIIENT.—Ia a commis cation received by Mr Lite►lll, etc:stare of the E Clog ng Armlet on, from CI eylyr. house, Whitehall, and hearing data the 7th inst., it nitrated "that the b..ard are fully satisfied that the late hoar system, nepumally in el el., 111.,entilated shops, haa a terdenc-y to predispose tease who are sulject to it to epidemic dis ease." OXFORD, SEPT. 7.—lt is currently stated, in qaarters likely to Ps well informed, teat Mr. Sheepshanks has ►:pressed bis intsotion of prenr atilt. to the Ueiveruty of Oxford his valusbls col ecti in of paintings by artists of the British school, from an impression that his Rift wi.l tweet with greater car^ and sto,tion Irmo it. thaiyartity Vise if consigned, like Kr. Vacua's, to the cellars of the National 131411ery.—Gloiss. EPORT ATTENDED WITH FATAL CONSEQUENCES.- On Tusday afternoon a melanch oy death resulted t, a boy, aged tea year., tbrough the Lelimo freaks of two other lads of about the same age. The decea.ed, Valentine George Smith, was bathing in the river with a number of playmates, arnompt whom were two named Potter and Battle. &nil', it appears, was unable to swim, and Putter and Butt!. amused themeelves by pushing him uuthr water several times, until at last ►e got oat of his depth, and being unable to gain a forting, kicks I ab rut very considerably, and at last sunk. Wails he was striving to k. hip himself above water, a lad new 4 Bullock, about four's, n years of art, plunged into the water sad endeavoured to rescue Smith, bat finding himself in danger of being drowned through deceased's palling him flown, he made his way beck to the water's edge. All this time Battle, who had been to sorriest extent instru mental in placing Smith is this dangerous podtion, and who was ►ble to swim, sever once attempted to save the unfortunate lad, and dimmed was thu klt in the wet , r an it an hour or so aftrxwerds, when a bowman, named Buttl , , succeeded in getting him oat by means or a boat-hook ; ha was then, however, quite dead. Au inquest was held on the body, and the jury re turned the following vertiet: That the deceased came to , his death from the acts of Frederic Bunk and Ho rut Potter, in divine and putting him under wettr, but that not being capable of exercising discretion, by reason et their age, ithe pry cannot chugs them with the crime of man ' sLughter.—Ainrfold Nowt. THE ALLEGED MURDER OF A GAMEKEEPER AT HILMILTON.—Tbe person sus tented of having murdered the gamekeeper Kirby, near Hamilton, on Wedneeday night, was apprehended on Thursday morning. Ha was Inca.- dvrely conveyed to t►e Calton P. bee-office, wles re be at ones confessed that bet had been the cause of the unfortu nate gem keeper's death, but alleged that it was purely the m ster of accident. He stated that be had beta challenged by the cleansed with gambit-1r on the Duke of Hamilton's strounde, who, after considerable alt. reat as, set the dogs with which he was accompanied on him, by whim he was turn to the ground, and in the course at the muffle his gun aeci•'enWly went off, and is cintents were lodged In the d ceased's body, killing him on the spot. He was imme iliataly °envoy, d by The= a in a cob to Ham Iton, wrien he would be examined by the sheriff in the course of the day. In reference to the prisoner's explanation of the oc currence, we learn that a fact has coma sat in the course of the etamiasti•tn of the bedy of deceased, with which it can he with difficulty reconciled. It has been found that unread of the balls having p netrated the heart in a vertical direc tion, as would have be. n likely 'he case if the pun had gone off accidentally in the comae of a muffle, they h►ve passed straight through, thereby leading to the supposition that the deed must have been the result of design rather than of so cident.—Nert/s British Mad. DEATH Or A CLERGYMAN PROM CROLERA.—In St. Martin's, Stamford, on Friday lust, the Rev. Thomas Brows, aged 80. The rev. gentleman had been on a visit to Briektou, and it is feared, from the symptom which secom• panied his death, that he caucht the cholera in cueing through London. He was taken very suddenly at Peterbo rough on Thursday, sad died the nest stormiest. It is let dote our task to record the des'h of one so respected and be heed as wa• the rev. gentleman; his c►arities were unbounded. and in him the poor of this town en I neigh bourhood have indeed lost a warm friend.—Bos'ow Herald. ALARMING ACCIDENT.—An accident, which might have been attended with fatal coneequencer, took place near Brecknock, soon after the ball. While Colonel Watkins, Lord Lieutenant of Brecknockshire, was driving his four-in hand, alone upon the box, the horses suddenly took (Gabe, and galloped off with frightful rapidity. Before arriving at a dangerous point of the road, the Colonel had the presence of mind and the skill to overturn the drag. which at once brought the mad mete of the steeds to a close. The two ladies inside, although mach alarmed, escaped with a few scratches up .n their hands ; but Colonel Watkins received a severe blow or sprain upon the instep, which has confined him to the house ever since. The excitement occasioned in the neighbourhood by the first reports of the accident was very great; and such is the esteem and respect in which the sufferers are held, that in • very short time at least 60 families in the vicinity had either called or sent to inostae at Pennoyre, for the health of the injured parties. We are glad to hear that Colonel Watkins is progressing favourably. —Hereford Journal. DISGOvERT IN VRNTILATION.—At a time when cholera, with an appalling voice, calla the most earnest attention te house ventilvion ; and dreadful explosions and lose of life in mines demand no less anxious efforts to devise means for the prevention of these calamities, we have much patisaciiin in anticipating that human resPeceee may easily be supplied with • continual circulation of wholesome sir, and the most dangerous subterraneous works be pre served against accidents from foul i urrents or fin-damps. Dr. Chown, hes enrol.ed • patent for improvemetre in ven tilating rooms and assortments. of the perfect efficacy of which, we relieve, t)ere cannot be a doubt, and on a prin ciple at onto me st sisa; le and one:Fee:bd. Without going lets details at edema; we may state that the improv e meats are based upon an action in the syphon which had not prrvi.uely attracted the noting of any experimenter—re., that if fixed with legs of unequal length, the air rushes Into the shorter leg, and circulates up, and discharges itself from the longer ler. It is espy to see how readily this can be applied to any ehamber, in order to purify its atmosphere. Let the orifice of the shorter leg be dirpcsed where it can receive the *ar rest, and lead it into the chimney (in mines, into the shaft), so IS to covert that chimney or shaft into the longer leg, and you have at once the Circulation complete. A dialler air cyphon eon be employed to ships, and the loges: bolds, where disease is generated in the close berths of the crowded seamen, be rendered as as the upper decks. The curio sity of this discovery is that air la a syphon Ti verses the Action of water, or other liquid, which Oaten and deesair, or moves down in the longer leg, and rises up in the shorter leg. This is now a demonstrable fact; but how is the principle to be accounted for ? It puzzles our philoso-lay. That air in the bent tube is not to the sur rounding atmosphere as water, or any heavier body, is eei• dent; and it must be from this relation that the updraft la the longer leg is canoed, and the constant circulation and withdrawal of polluted gases carried on. But he this as it may, one thing is certain—that a mote useful and important discovery has never been made for the comfort and health of civilised men. We see no end te its application. There is no sanitary measure suggested to which it may not form a moat beneficial adjunct. There is not • hovel, • cellar, • crypt, or a black close hole anywhere, that It may not cleanse and disinfect We trust that no time will be lost in bringing it to the public test on • large male, and we foresee no impediment to its being immediately and universally adopted for the public weal. We ought to remark, that Ares or heating apparatus are not at all necessary ; and that, as the specification en ' presses it, " this action is not prevented by making the shorter leg lot whilst the longer leg remains cold, and no artificial heat is necessary to the longer leg of the aaayphon to cause this action to take pleat" Extraordinary as this' ma appear, we hays witnessed the experiments made in vicious ways, with tubes from lees than an inch to nearly • foot in diameter, and we can vouch for the fact being perfeetly demonstrated. Light gas does demand the shorter leg whoa heated, and ascend the longer leg where the column of air is amok colder and hsavist.—Literary Gagotk. THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 10, 1849. THE CUTLERS' FEAST AT SHEFFIELD. The meal greed banquet of the Cutlers' Company of this Umiak took plops ou die 6th inst. at the Cutlers'- ilbeffiehl ea the mail scale of massifieecoe. The number of the ecospsay exceeded MO. The Master Cutler, Mr. EL Atkiaaresided, ai.•4 Mar him wore dm Dake of Newcastle, San lstswilliam, the A`ei of Arundel and Semi, Lord C. Chaim, Lord W. P. Clinton, Mr. J. Paster, M.P., Mr. J. A. Rostock. M.P., the Mayors of Sheffield sod Dommter, Sir A. J. Knight, sad many other inimatial esommed with the district. asthma's's, The masi Masts Min gives sakteceived with mach The MASTER CUTLER gam "The health of the Duke of Newcastle," which was &mak with three times three. — The Doke of NEWCASTLE weld not express hie feelings at this kind reception of his name. Had he the heleer of repression possessed by th e Master Cutler himself, should tell them how he was overcome by this reap don. (Cheers.) The Earl of ARUNDEL and SURREY acknowledged " The health of the house of Howard." Mr. W. OVEREND proposed " the health of the noble Lord of Wentworth Earl Fit:minims." (Great cheering.) Earl FITZWILLIAM rose to return thanks. After a few remarks, aekoowledging the honour done him, the noble earl proceeded,—Now, gentlemen, for one via; which some meson, may say is touching upon politics ; I say it is not. II beg ;to congratulate *very gentleman who hears me, and thole is the humbler walks et line who do not beer me,' upon the peace and tranquility whisk this country now en joys. (Loud cheers.) I beg to congratulate you upon en ' loping that tranquillity, and all the results of that tranquillity, in the midst of the rain of tiepin", the transmutation of forms of government, the dissolution of empires, in some eases, into their original elements, and, what I may call, the eonftsion of society from almost one end of Europe to another. ' I wish you calmly to consider whether there ere no circus stances In the structure of society in this country which may well explain:the cause of that tranquillity. I wish the people of this country to cou'der those cireumstanc e, investigate their mode of operation, and to satisfy themselves on the sub j ct. I wish them to me how the various e'ements of erciety are mixed up and intertwined together. Property could not exist without industry. Industry I. that by which all the pro p‘rty of this eountry bas beea created. I care not in wh om hands it may be ; I care not whether it is in the workshep of the manufacturer of this town, or whether it is in landed property, which is now etjoyed by the descendant of some manufacturer. This I venture to point out to you and to those out of dnon—that no property can exist but through the medians of industry. (Cheers) A remerkeble fact in the history of society of this country is, that while in others tame is a broad and dark line of distinction between the different climes of society in the country, those elseses have alwtvs mingled more or less with one another. Tile noble earl heel: g again expressed hie thanks far the manner in which his name hail been received, resumed his seat amid great applause. After the health of " the Mester Cutler " bad been pro posed by the r Duke of Newcastle, and duly acknowledg e d trost the chei - Mr. T. DUNN save " The beelike of John Parker end J. A. R whack, members for the borough of Sheffield." Mr. PARKER was received with great cheering. After a few intro-ue.ory esoteric.., he said—Make economy the order of !oar system. Introduce retrenchment where it is practcable. Make things hitherto dear, if you can, cheaper. Bet do not—do not diminish, do not take away from the efllch net of your naval service. (Loud cheers) Those ships which I saw last week at Devonport and Prrisesouth are the support, the foundation, of your commercial anu manufae turing system. (Cheers.) Make ton Ea as cheap as you can. lam tar from saying that may not be done. My late hon. colleague most particularly addressed his anxious and perse vering thougnt to the economy of this gnat service. Eaery one knows the necessity of economy, and is bound to attend to it; but don't—don't diminish the "Maloney of the naval service. Keep up th .t service. Let it stand as it does, as it ever has done, and as I trust it ever will while I am con nected with it—let it stand the admiration of the world, able to protect your commerce and ntaintans your rights. (Much ithei ring.) Mr. ROEBUCK then roe., and was met with loud and continued cheering.—l would, Mr. Master Cutler, that the words of my friend and hon. colleague had been sufficient to answer for ml self on the present oceasinn, after the hand some manner in which you have received our healths. Everybody has stated that this is no time for politi s. I tie quieree in that statement; but I hardly know why I am hers if not for political service. I thank you most einegrely Met the acknowledgment you have made of that service, and I real, as I hope all of you will read, the lesson taught by the present occasion. It is mot political Time teaches us ataxy things, and there are kind feelings raised by time, I which 1 was delighted to find had made their way on the ere ' sent oceasi in. And, finding myself hen at a ' , eclat board with the noble duke, I do admits the sleet cf time whith has brouleit us thus mutually here before you, a united body of our countrymen. (Loud cheers) The re is no victory but the victory of truth. Time ha tenet it to ue. And lam most grateful to the noble duke for having had the courage and manlauers to sat that tin- has taught the lesson which we are all glad to have learned. (Cheers.) Sir, I acknow ledge that I am one who have great faith in the pro I dare say f differ from many in that feeling; hut I believe the longer we live, the more we know of e ach other in the various relations of lit. , the more we shall be brought to that kindly sentiment which the noble duke has expressed on the pr. rent nethei ns, and that it will extend not only to this social hall, hot wide abroad, and that we shill continue what we are now, a united aid peaceful people, beaus*, as th e noble earl most significantly suggested, there are causes which have made peace, the ante being that there is a sentiment in the !great people of whom my hon. friend lied I are the legeimate representatives—(theen)—which has been answered—providentially answered, for that was the noble earl's suggesi n. There has b ern a providenti .1 answer to the it claims, their ruing desires, their increasing know ledge. Toes* have found their way into the government of the country, of which he—and I point to him with honour and respect—has always bet n a moat fearless and firm sup. porter. (Cheers.) lam not in the habit of paying oomph meats, but I feel that to be due on the ;resent occasion. The suggestion was made by the noble earl, I being here as the representative of a newly.ereated borough, and my hon. friend being he re, who has, from the first, represented you, sad I here for the first tme. Sill, bear in mind the, you are a newly created borough, and I, the most humble of your reprthentatives, and the met e•alous I intend to he, return you my hearty thanks. lam proud that the providence of the government of this country has enabled you, however unwor hily. to he represented. (Loud ewers.) Mr. Roe. buck conclude! by proposing "the health of the Lady of the Master Cutler." Tile MASTER CI TLER replied ; and, After II other toasts bad beta proposed end duly ac- knowledged, the company broke up. Azs GRANT Or QUARTER SESSIONS is about to be made to Gravesend, in Kent, and als to Newport, in the Isle of Wight. The increasing commercial importance and poyulation of Grasssend render &fifth's the holding of quarter mullions there, and it will aricordinsly be granted ups the fulfilment of the necessary conaitions as to the proper maintenance of prisons and other expenses required toe the purpose of the due ad rinistration of justice. In the ease of Newport, the necessity fa borough sessions has been ^rested by the withdrawal of the Rants county million., which used to be adj wined from Winchester to the Isle of Wight, and held at Newport, bet which are now discon tinued.— Observer. JOSEPH ADY IN THE PROVINCES.—NearIy 200 no otid letters have this week passed through the Poet. Mee at Stamford, addressed to persons in the town and neighbour hood by the notorious quaker swindler, Joseph Ady. S tme of the letters have been refused, but the majority have been taken in and opened —Lincoln Mercury. HORSE STEALING IN WEISTNIORLAND.—Horse steal ing has b practised to a considerable extent in the *settled weetwar fa of Westmoreland during the lest f. w month.. Oa the 28th of July last a grey filly pony, belonging to Mr. John Keudal, of Milburn, was stoles off Milburn Common. The theft was advertimd. but ofhing was thee made out. Oa the 19th of August Mr. Kendal found that another of his ponies, a black welding, which had also been pasturing on the same eommsn, was miming, and from certain hues which he had collected by ingaii7, he bad reason to think that it bad also been stolen and carried ever the fell into the county of Durham. Sespieion hoe attached to a penile of the name of A. Carleton, who formerly lived Velma , with Kr. Kendal, and was afterwards • plate-taper on the Lsneaster and Carlisle Railway, at Thriashy, and latterly had been nothing at several places In Dustiest in the neighbourhood of B shop Auckland and Shildon. Mr. Kendal acccr.fingly went into Durham in search of his ponies—and ascertained ' that Carleton had b.en seen at the High Forte Inn, Lang don Beek. oa the 18. h August—that on the 19.1 s he had been seen at Trott:b. eh with • Meek pony in his posseetion answering the description of the one lost by Mr. Kendal, and that be had offer, d it for male on the same day to Mat thew Camas, of Rough Rigg, farmer, and also to Jonathan Bother, innkeeper, Ding/lon Beck, te'diag both parties that he bad bought it fur dl. 15e. of a person who owed him 51 Mr. Bendel next heard of hies passing through a toll bar near Middleton, about ten o'clock at night, and after that could pia no tidings of him. He returned home on Saturday, the 25th August, and informed Mr. Bird, police offieer, Appleby, of what be had dose, and on the Tuesday foilowing Mr. Bird went into Durham oa the same errand, and after traversing • great part of tee e .unty maeceeded in Boding the black pony at B.shop Auckland, in the posses-ion of Alexander Dixon, a beer-house keeper. The poly's left eye had been cut, evidently on purpose, with some sharp in memo% and its sight el- ttroyed. Mr. Bird ascertained that Dison had likewise purchased the grey pony. The person of whom he said he had purchased the ponies answered in every respect the description of the suspected thief, bet he had given a fictitious surname. According to Dixon's statement, which was given with great reluc tance, he purchased the grey pony about tea days before Newcastle fair (which was held on the Bth August, and answers the time whea the theft was committed) for the sum of 21. 172.6 d. Mr. Kendal considers the pony was worth 81. Dixon took it to Newcastle fair and there ex:banged it for a vow. On the 20th of August, the seine party brought the black pony and offered it to Dixon for sale, and he par chaerd it for 41. Mr. Bird was not suocetsful in meeting with Carleton, but he ascert fined that he left Bishop Auck• land with his wife and family on the 21st or 22nd August by railway, and was last seen at Richmond, where all trees of him was bet Oa the night presiding his departure he ex hibited more money than bed been his wont to possess. The police at the several towns in that part of the county have bees upon the alert, and we have little doubt the thief will ultimately be apprehLaded. Dixon gave up the black pray to Mr. Bird, who lea restormi it to its owner.—Ca-ltile Patriot. COURT-MARTIAL ON COMMANDER PITMAN. B.N. FRIDAY. The court was opined at the ;U;sl hoar. The =arise Bright wee moss examined by the primmer— Q. Did you say t Lent. Trusslett that you could act er would net gob the coppers ? A. Yea—Q. Do yea mesa to swear the somatander ever ordered you to th• wiffsere after the a., you were up before hiss ? A. Not ahoy that day, bat on that day he dll.—Q Is it not your duty, m a wise, when embarked on board ship, to obey the wen of the omassaading cam lof the ship ? A. Yes. Q. Were you not guilty of mutinous misdate when you were punished ? A. I outsider sot. Q. Do you mean to say you were not punished he ratglmoas sad disrespectful conduct ? A. I was:plailmake elleehe dienee of orde. s.—Q Did I not say to yea that I @herald punish you fay mutinous and diem:neutral madam ? A. Na. —Q. You have sworn you were kept oa bread ad water soiree dam Recollect yourself, snit my it it was not only live days? A. It was seven.—Q. You have said I was very angry with the boy Cleverdon. Whet did I ray to hint ? A. I heard you say nothing, only you were ill using the bop. --Q. DJ you know what offence the boy had ems salted ? A. I b e li e ve it was semethieg about a key that was lost or broke.—Q. Huse dal you know that ? A. By bearing the boy tellicg the steward. —A. What was t • charae.ar of the boy Cleverdon ? A. I don't know anything against his character.—Q. You have stated you were puttying the skylight. State if it wee one, two, or three days alter we arrived In Simon's Bay A. I cannot state the date ; I believe it was while we were there.—Q. You say pm wea: below to advise the captain's steward to go into the cabin. Di you, before you went be low, mention anythtag of what you bad seen to the *Mons or saviors then on deck ?A. No.—Q. You have sail you believed Mr. Graham was the officer of the watch en the quarterdeck at that time. Did you report it to him? A. No, sir; it so frequently happened that little or no no tice was taken of it —Q. Wee there a midshipman of the watch at the time oa the quarterdeck? A. I cannot tell. ▪ Was it beforeor alter the prosecutor, Lieut. Graham, left the ship? A. I em not certain, but I think it was before the prosecutor left the dip.—Q. Was any other person be sides the steward made a quaiated that day with the cir. Innateness you have mentiooed ? A. Yes.—Q. State who it was? A. Samuel Bailey, private in the marines. By the President.—You hare been caked what sort of ehersetter the trey Cleverdon was. Was he an idly, a dirty' boy, generally? A. No. By Capt Sir T. Msitland.—You have stated you were 7 days on bread and water. I see that it appears in the de faulter's hook that you were punished with t days bread and water. Row do you accouni for the difference ? A. I had seven days. I began, I b lien, on the 19. h of March ; Sudsy being the fleet day, end it did net end till the next beards,' night. By Capt. Wellesley : Wm the complaint investigated on Saaday by the essamender ? A. Yes. —Q. Did you eon as-nee bread and water oa that day ? A. Oa the tune day. Be Capt. Maitland : And wire you on board sober oa the Saturday ? A. I was, air. This witness then withdrew, and Mr. Graham said he had no mere witnesses to call. The President: Then you can retire from the court, and let Mr. Elliott continue his examination. Mr. Elliott said, may the evidence which has been given by the witnesses examined oy Mr. Graham be considered as evidence in eupp ort of any charges? It would save the trouble to the court of hearing a reaetitiun of the same eve. deeee, as that already stated is the sane as I intended to bring forward. The court was cleared to consider the request, and after remaining cleared for nearly an hnnr aid a half, it was re opened, and Mr. Graham and Mr. Elliott were calls! in and the Judge-Advocate asked them it jointly they had any further evidence to lay before the court in support of the pros. cution. Mr. Graham said none, and Mr. Ebott replied us more, provided his previous statement was recorded. The Judos-Advocate then read the decision of the court— thet the prineeutor, Mr. EJl,tt, h►vine stated to the court thet he had no further witneses to call betides those whose evidence had been produced before the court, and having asked that this evidence might be considered in support of the charges preferred by Mr. Eniott, and having stated that the witnesses be should call would be the same as those examined by Lieut. Graham, and the joint prosecutors having been asked if they would call any further witnetses, and having replied they 'basil produce no more evidence, the court has decided that the t vidence of one prosecutes shall be regarded as the evidence of the other, they being joint prosecutors. The president said to the prisoner, The evidence for the prosecution being closed, the court was quite reaiy to hear anything be might wish to advance in his defence, or to allow him any reasonable time to prepara it. The prisoner said the prosecution bed been continued for nine days and a part of the present day, during which time 16 witnesses had been examined, and a mu' of ei.eltnca pro duced referring to facts extending over the greater part of three years. H. should consequently require fur the pre paring of his defence the longest period the court would allow him. He added he had been un•!er medical care ever since hie arrival in England, and wu neusuiLrinr from illness. The President—When A) you think you could be prepared ? Tne prisoner did not think it was in his power to be ready with his defence till Tut day. The President—Then your defence is postponed until Tuesday. The Court was adjourned pro forma till nine o'clock on Tuesday morning. IRELAND. Dimas, SEPT. 8. The Frees of last night devotes two columns to a weak reply to your recent article, complaining of the propos:l of thePresa to prnctically banish metaphysics and ethics from the courses of study proposed in the new colleges. These atticles in the Press emanate from an influenttal quarter, and deserve attention from their origin, if no! from their com p( sition, which is more careless than the treatment of such an important topic would require. It is contended in them that the philosophy chairs should be advt. d as much as possible to the oath-lies, but that argument pea to prove that catholic professors should have b-411 appointed. I. is worthy of remark that the Irish have been always taunted for their fecundity in orators, and their sterility in philoso phers. The nationeil intellect has born illustrative rather than reflective, and Trinity College has only within On last years made any progress in the culture of the moral sciences. The Preu wishes that mrral philosophy shou'd be sparingly cul tivated, and teat the mind of Ireland should r aspire to originality or freedom, but exist wealth:ally in the intellects of colter counties. Views We complimentary to the intellect of Ireland, than the timorous, shrinking, compromi•ing notions put forward by the Prefix, on the subject of the col leges, could scarcely be promulgated by the bitterest em my to Irish talent. It is rather amusing that the PresP, while objecting to the study of philosophy, highly recommends the attentive examination of Irish history. The name of Mr. J. L. Arabin, recently Lord Mayor of Dublin, appears in last night's Gazette amatgat the insolvent debtors. FIRES.—NAHROW ESCAPE OF THE CITY OF LON DON THEATlLZ.—Yesterday morning, shortly betas three o'clock, a fire broke out upon the premises belonging to Mr. Trutt, • milder. carrying on busin,sr in Primrose-street, Biabopegate. The flames commenced in the ironmongery stores, separated from the City of London Theatre by only a few feet Owing to the strenuous exerions of the firemen, the ft emu were prevented from extending to the theatre and other sterounding property, but the storm were burned out, and the premises in the occupation of Mr. 'Menton, grocer and coffee roaster were severely damaged by water. Toe origin of the flee is unknown. Mr. Trott was insured in tie Phoenix Fire office.—Last evening the exrensive range of premises termed the Southern Mart, No. 61, Stones End, B &noels, Immediately facing the Police-coert, were disco vered to he on fi-e. The premises were in the occupation of Mesqes. Palmer., Franks, and Co.. hat and cap factors, and owing to their preeximity to the Unicorn inn and outbuild ings • fearful conflagrawn was momentarily expected. Several engines qnickly attended, and the brigade were enabled to confine the filmes to the premises in which they commenced, but they were not extinguished until a serious amocnt of property was des'royed.—A fire also broke out at No. 4, Paris-street, Steatite, but owing to timely assistance the damage done was trifling. THE MAIZE CROP IN THE PARK.—About two mouths back we mentioned that an experiment had been made in St. dunes's-park, by permission of the Commis sioners of Woods and Forests, in order to ascertain whether the main plant might be aucceasfully cultivated in this country. We are now enabled to announce the result It is right to premise that the experiment was made under dis advantages which must be manifest to every practical agri culturist. The spot in which the seed was put down abutted on a nursery of young tree and flowering shrubs, which, es is well k"own, absorbs • large proporti a of the nutrition from the soil, whilst the foliage deprives the seighhooneg plants of the hem fit of heat, light, and air, all of which con tribute to healthy vegetation. No withstanding these draw backs, the little maize crop be. fully realised all that was anticipated. It was sown the latter end of May , and new is the beginning of September it is ripe tor entivag. The appearance of the plant is peculiarly graceful, far more so, incised, than that of any ordmary torn field. The stems, which run up perfectly straight, are generally from four to five feet bleb, and are much thicker than the large wheat straw. They throw out, from the root upwards, a nixes sion of flatten* leaves, the stem terminating in a little tuft, from which spring the ears of cons, somewhat irregularly clustered; and, in this instance, apparently not heavily laden. However, from the concurrent opinion of al practial agriculturists, many of whom have taken a lively tot in the experiment, at seems not unlikely that the mails. pleat will be very general y sown henceforward. Its wain r. commendations are—eheapnas of seed, sapi I growth, pimplici'y of cultivation, and comparasively large production. One imporant fact, however, must not be lost sight of by those who may feel disposed to speculate is mains sowing. It ri quires a sunny upset tad a warm soil. Amongst these who are about to experimentaliss upon • large scale next year, are Prince Albert, who proposes sowin t a piece of la .d t Flemish-farm; the Doke of Richmond, at Goode I wood; and the Duke of Norfolk, at Arundel. OUR REPRESENTATIVE SYSTEM WESTBURY. Under the shadow of the " White Horse," in one of the pleasantest valleys of Wiltshire, lies the little irregular town or village of Westbury. It is • place of small extent, no importance, and with but one at traction. As you turn into it the singular figure of the gigantic "horse," eat out ages ago be our Saxon ancestors, in the down upon the chalky hillside, becomes startlingly visible. At one comer you see a flowing tail and part of a hind leg; over the chinch tower you may get a peep of an ear and a bit of the mane ; at the next turning you will see the monster's forelegs trotting out as if he were coming down upon yeu at a round pace ; aid now you have a full vie* of his nose and of his eye, the latter a great patch of down as large as half-a-dozen cart wheels, though the distance reduces its size to a more moderate and probable dimension. The " White Horse" is regarded at 'Westbury with religious veneration. Once a year all the poor population turn out t o trim him. The grow ing grass is carefully cleared away, his hoofs are cleaned out, his tail well cut and combed, and his whiskers are trimmed quite smartly. Ater a long winter, the "hone" frequently gets a dirty sort of appearance from a distance, as it he had been tearing with a cab thr ugh the mud in Picca dilly; but, after this cleaning down, he looks quite smut again, and the people who have cleaned him go round toe place collecting pennies and halfpence on behalf of the " White Horse," which are not grudged by those who can afford them. Ala', from elutes we shall have presently to explatio, the trim ming of the horse is almost the only oocupation which too many of the poor in Westbury at present have or hope fer. Westbury, of course, is a borough, or we should not do it honour here. It was a borough antecedent to the Reform Act,—a very rotten borough. The right of voting was in the tenants of certain burgage holds, which were possessed, together with laud,' adjoining Westbury, by Sir Manasseh hlateteh Lopez. Origi nally they were the property of the Earls of Abing don, but family eircumatatees compe.led the sale of their Westbu, y e state, end the burgage tenures and the rights which tney possessed were, under the old system, sold by public auction, by authority of a Master in Chancery, and purchased by Sir Manas:eh Lopez for 60,000 guineas! Sir Manasseh Lopez, al•hough a Jew, obt 'lard a baronet ey, not in et m Deg uence of the pur chess., but for his "important services to government." He expected to be made a peer, but having overstepped the mark in baroughmongering, and being convicted of bribery at Barnstaple and Orampound, at the Assizes for the counties of Cornwall and Devon, this trafficker in parliamentary honours was sentenced to imprison ment and expelled the House of Common', which threw a ttifiing obstacle in the way of his promotion toe scat with the lords spiritual and temporal. Sir Manasseh Lopez was much too keen a bargainer to make a purchase without being pretty sure of the goodness of the investment. Westbury must have paid him well. Two eats, each at four or five thousand pounds per parliament, would have been very good interest upon the 60,000 guineas, without any profit on the land. Sir Manasseh Lopez got bath. In re turn he built a town ball in Westbury,—not a very magnificent edifice, yet one, which small as are its pretension., contrasts curiously with the cottages around it. The members for Westbury in Sir Manasseh's days were always tory. In 1830 Sir Alexander Cray Grant and Mr. Michael Preach rgabt, mho had been inspt.et , ,r of the opium mbnoply in Bengal, were the occupants of the si ate. At this time came the Re furm Bill, and the borough of Westbury W4ll doomed to diufranchibement. " Mine GA ! disfranchisement!" There appeared to be neither hope nor help for it. " 11rt 'Amy," said a public writer of that day, "is a place which cannot retain any pri viler. In point of extent it is very small ; it has very &w houses, and the property is abso lately worth very little as land, though its peivilega of returning two members to the Com m:ma, at 8,0004 each, renders it invaluable to its owner." "My borough ! 0, my ducats! 0, my borough !" Sir Manasseh Lopez could not stand it. He laid him down and died, leaving all the privileves and difficulties appertaining to Westbury to his nephew, Sir Ralph Franco Lopez, one of the present members for Devonshire, in whose favour he had also obtained a remainder of the baronetcy. Sir Ralph Franco L ipsz was a man who poked ahead. He saw how the wind blew and how the tide was running. He knew perfectly well that the rotten old ship Westbury would be run down mercilessly by the steam frigate Reform unlees he put about quickly. So, at the general election of 1831, he elected himself for the seat, and, with a bold stroke of policy worthy of better cause, declared that reform was inevitable and that he should vote for it. Was this done without "consideration?" Cer tainly not. Sir Ralph Lopez was not by any means the man to ruin his own property and fortune,. Ile knew very well what he was about, and it was not long before the wisdom of his vote became apparent. In the second Reform Bill the wiiigs sacrificed Amersham with a population of 3,000 mercilessly ; but Westbury with a population of 2,000 retained the right of sending a representative to parliament. So you see that there was jobbirg even under the "Charter of our National Righte When the Boundary Commissioners went down to arrange the limits of the new borough of Westbury it is evident that th►y found coneic'ereble diffi culty. They had their " instructions from govern ment," but it is clear from their report that they were disgusted with the job. "The borough and town of Westbury," they say, "lie in the centre of the parish of Westbury. They formerly contained many manu factories of cloth, which are at present much dimi nished in number, and it is not improbable that none may exist in a few years. The coal districts afford sue& fauilities in working machinery by steam that places deprived of such advantage of fuel cannot comp.te with them in cheapness of production. The whole amount of houses of 101. annual value in the town and borough taken together do not exceed 222. It to therefore recommended, in order to make up a constituency, that the whole pariah of Westbury should be included in the franchue, which will then produce about 318 hon-es of 101. annual value. The parish contains 12,000 acres!" And this report was adopted by a reform ministry and a reform parliament :—this report which demos the preservation of Westbury as a borough as a job, and advises that the consti'uency should be " made up !" And yet it is in the face of such glaring facts, that the people are told " the Reform Act is a final mutate 1" The recommendation to include all the perish of Westbury in the boundary " in order to make up a con stituency " was not unacceptable to Sir Ralph Lopez, whore landed estate flea near the town. It gave him a preponderating influence in the representation rf smell borough not unlikely to prove, under good management, nearly as sour a seat as it was b. fore the passing of the bill. In 1832, 185 vott ra ri g'stercal tor Weetbury. Sir Raldh Lopez offered himself for re-election ; and, as a reformer, he was unopposed. Had Sir Ralph Loprz p•esected himself in any other character than as a reformer, it is by no means certain that he would have come in so easily. Great as was his property and influence in the new barough, there existed powerful elemeats of oppoeiion to him In the first place there is a string dissenting interest all through this part of Wiltshire, — an interest so considerable that Sir Ralph Lopez, on thediseolutionof 1834,thougbt it desirable to propjets it by declaring himself " favourable to the removal of all disabilities so far as they can be removed with safety to the church and state." But, besides the dissent ing interest, there was another very formidable nucleus of opposition. The Bou-dary Com nissioners„, it will have been observed, referred to the " manufac'ories of cloth," of which they say, in 1832, "they are at present much diminished in number," adding, with a prescience which has proved too fatally predictive, " in • few yeara it is nut improbable that none may exist." At that time, and down to 1847, the cloth manufacture of Westbury, solely in the hands of one large firm, employed nearly 800 arti sans. Sir Ralph Lopez and all the tenants on his estate probably did not afford employment to above half the number. In so small a. place such an in fluence as this could not fail to be extremely powerful. However, Sir Ralph Lopez, in 1832, came in without any opposition. During that parliament his votes were not entirely satisfactory, but upon the whole perhaps they were as good as could have been expetted. In 1836, Sir Ralph was accordingly again