The Express. — London, England, 1849-02-02 00:00:00

N THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY RIMING, FEBRUARY 2. 1840." • Ei:ity of this mailly has her it nine:bed ; that 10 11/1 of the Pm* of We "SwWy. th k have bee bee send tar Inn, whiled meal aeli elis have boon eeiniheil with leleablesemensiom—(ehten)—and I NOW —eithengi then im oneisly a &gala expeseles lased et the endellen of the open with raped to the " esaliened whisk Is hoped few as therein* the a enster ell eP irdhiespeninee-1 Rejoin. that bere M pi emeenne I l i la = your lordships, nil I kne sluten =Swill aid cheerfully roped to the eon, to W sleety " is uptioldieg the hbrie of the sea alkali% headed es it is upon the peinelpies it freshet sad allied's." Meat, beer.) My lads, in time ebesnatises ilnd is a thanoills upon in I am sun every ens of pee lee& . v . ewer. I am patefel, deed y grateful, b her il he lnothar anneassemest made la se early pert of the Speris, net, indeed, that be lig n ite. reesived wen 'WNW at Inenny rate' ion bon all powers, but that It le her ° eimelent donna suntan wi all fangs stun" nen Maim. I say I en deeply pitiful to her Mangy Me Oh pesises deeleistien of h. r helloes, buena it re- OMR Ida My mind, sad I hope it yid remove helm the inheis of lordshi, a misarehessioe whisk etkerwire night seise p i e the c on el tore win belt est to the whines, bat to the endue*, of the advisers of the boilo wiweely. that it was the esestant de srer irttirli 'advising, theseth not ef her ninety, sot to amineis Moony Wain. with forego powers, bat by ent meselied-fee, mad misehievou isterneddling, to ma bill in tho sibisof every country of Europe. (Cheers). I mem to esit the governmeat to tell me, in refer- SIMI to what sentry la Swops would they venture to ieneet in the Speech the dedustion that *At y could rely with ...edam- !apse the friendly feelings of its government? . beer.) My lords, have you renewed your diplomstie ninths curt et Spain ? Do you entertain friendly animas win the King of Naples ? Do you entermln *badly radian with the g men of Austria ? Have yen r od i e he gevernmeet of that enustry reason to miter tim relations with you ? (Hear, hear.) Have you nem to ve that the government of Austria doss Mgr ens Mendly ben ne towuds you ? A Ilea, hear.) An yea se "nye. an the .sly power in Europe to whoa the peasseas elfAnetria her not officially, by the miesioe of an emiumy, Giggled the eon lee of the peeaeot sovereign to the them t And are that thtt, by this om..stoo, ter holt ees,beemmelempuminwith the intimation that the muse 4 that enderien se resents you, and you alone, was the un friendly attitude which the government of this a teal had Acrid *,t towards the empire of Ac* , t (Rear, hen) D ' y▪ ou entensio friendly relations with Nsples and with onto? lily lord', Tau were in great haste list year to enter into diplomatic relations with the court of R me ? Do you enter tain friendly rela'ions with the sovereign 0 the Roman MUM ? Have you not, in reference to every country that I have aaneed—havo you sot with regard to Itale-, to Naples, eat to Nay—taken preeseely that atop which .n Sleet-ions author, a mast able man sad a most upright minister, hat in a lan work declared to be that whim', above all others a goventment should not take ? Ran you sot foment ed underhand the spirit of distal. edam, so long as it was in the shell, end have you not at last vainly attempted to strangle that which was in fact the CMS sure of your own yroniediogs ? You have mischievously in terfered with regard t 3 the internal affairs of every country, and what has been the result ? (Hsu, hear.) My lord', is the course of the lest session I ventured so say, with all respect far the amicable dispcsitic• and friendly feelings of the sovereign poctiff, that I doubted whether he were indeed a very wise and fareeeing ruler—whether he would be abl, to check the proaess of the revolutionary principle to e hide, no doubt from Ten pla'seworthy mo tives, II- had given encouragement. V.'. I not then sa wn , that, with regard to Sicily, Naples, and Rome, the int rferimoe and advice of the nohl, earl hal been cf initiate va'ue, and that the respective sovereigns acting under his advice, would he able to prevent any noses of bib feeling, II hi le the re was no one w hose j ad,/ mint and were spoken of in higher terms of peen than were used with regard to the sovereign pontiff/ Now, my lords, what has been the result of the encouragement which that sovereign gave to liberal :astitution, that encourage meet being fostered and suppor.ed in this case both of pion and of people, by a special mission from her Britan• sic Mejeity ? Why, my lords, the result has been that the head of he Roman Catholic church, the undoubted Fannin of the Roman territory, has been unable to stem the torrent of which he broke down the dam ; that lie is at this moment an exile from his own dominions ; and that those dominions are under the control, if, indeed, then be any regular and systematic government, of the armed and open defenders of a foul and atrocious murltr. (Hear, hear.) My lords, want has been the result of your interference in the cue of Naples and Sicily ? I am not going to follow the noble lord who has jou sat d..wn (Lord Beaumont) in his historical statement of the relation, b.tween this country and Sicily and Naples, but I cannot help saying that I think it would have been men to the purpose it the noble lord had com menced his researches at a somewhat later period, confining himself to the present state of things. and to the existing obligations of the government. In our treaties and guarantees, Naples and Siely are not treated as aspirate and independent states. We do not deal with Naples ; we do not deal with Sicily. We have trea ties, we have alliances, with the King of the Two Sicilia, sad with hiss alone ; and with him in that capacity alone is it possible for England to treat. (Hear, hear.) My lords, I took the liberty in the last session to ask her Majesty's government whether or not it was their intention to interfere is the aff eirs of Sicily ; there being at that time a prevalent impression, though the government was very careful not to commit itself by any expression of opinion, that the British and French squadron would, by order of their respective governments, interfere to prevent the mailing of an expedition of the King of Naples to recover his revolted Sicilian territory. No answer was Riven to this question which I thought it my duty to put. But in point of fact, no interference did take place. The unwind sailed from Naples and was uninterrupted, al though it was followtd by the British fleet. Far better would it have been, in my judgment, for the sake of that humanity which is so prominently put forward in the speech, if the government had interfered in defiance of Nsples, and prevented the sailing of the Neapo litan squadron, than that they should have per mitted the departure of the expedition, and interfered at the time end is the manner that they did. (Cheers.) Ice the ems of every errantry with which they have interfered they have alternately given support and en t to both of the contending puns. Those :17 11 L ia r prefemed and fought for liberal opinion., and these who have advocated the maintenance of suthority, have la tnn been led to believe that they might count on the nowt, or at least on the neutrality, of the British C.=t. The result has been, that each party in turn itself deceived and betrayed by the government is which it thought it eight safely trust. The horrors of civil war have been prolmged and aggravated to a fearful degree by the tacit coneurrenn cf the British government ; mad at last the just, unfailing, inevitable, sad certain reward hen been, that that government has been detested and costumed by both parties. At the period when interviedon took place with regard to Sicily, the Sicilia. struggle was virtually over. The King of Naples had obtained complete pessessica of Messina, Ink It was the stronghold of the imemegente, Mann falls., a steeply revolt in Sicily was bigness • sad not any was liall lephos, bet I venture to ray that the l would ate hone benpotracted. The (epee s oi n r British C=Sid ir.t, as the =Me lied eases., simply stop eilieed. The eaten of the British govern nen eneeled Os Neapolitan sissy in the fell tkie it sue ale, smi pahliti from prcetentimg he senalems, eider the pale el b eig e interfered nib by the &hie and Frani 'gamines combined. My We, I her that when the papers premien shall len been prodoenk it will appear that even ease that intervention W taken Oece, and that nweneetable prohibition 411. welts eparatioas had teen impend, the strict nee tesilly wheal by ha Majesty's gennumeet was set la lest oheened ; I tear that it will oppose that the moral Wanes of the De itch same and power was throws in Skelly hale the elate of the bleareents, sad turned against the awash with when we lad a treaty of anon (Hear, ken) I lege k will net be proved that erg Belie asuel Mien we mime hrgettal of lus duty as to meninge s :dim trinleired flag, or that be email the eat is came of Bich was the cans alike of lashed end et F and that they might rely upon Ih t ..... T .: tn a these eseateles. Hear. hea shall Inn that no elbow ( has hese r.) s o hmetta=if his day es iade r se l= fa public shiner eat in vines fee the of Sicily. Mew, leer.) I con tr. I nerd with i r z been I think he is the penes in this bum ham whom I alil hear—ot he the laispemieneei Italy, that =twhisk had believed to have hog sloes vanished a b air ; least of all sled* I ban apnoea to hoar the noble lord declare that the gefillanilla of Annie, is the ease of the Milanese, was nes away an Ineerne genes meat, bat one which nen to be these ent lierAing aside ell ear coasenees, all ear tin NM trt le the sees of Austria, I venire to say that the admlelslc.Wa of the Austrian presenseat in Lombardy willehallumge with the administration of any govenmese.hownerr ee nt i tt ling ace/ he the institutions establined, My hide, the start frees the throne de:lues that bee Majesty has nelied hasself of the interval chained to propose, in lOW banes with France to the Kin of Naples, an seen adentated to prOduce • pennant settlement an I. SW i" and, in another penpugh.her Mfor r iat en es, " b s di in the north mad in the seal of the rieeneming parties have consented le a Imp .selliem arms he Om porn of negotiating tame et peen New, my livis, in that last paragraph I must my awe is the greatest ihmenrity. Wbo are the " enter ling parties " who have =a " aespension of arms" le net very clear from rase to nisi. Certainly then le no distinction drawn, rie he m I to see, between the mane of separate nations with seek la.. and those civil costae. which have been mensal an le dliferent countries If ft bin true with regard to Denmark that there is a suspeneion of hostilities with a new to the settlement of the dbpete which led to them, it is undeabbeelly Mete say that there is any suspension of hot lines in the can of the internal "fain of Austria ; it is *he to say that time is any suspension of the hortilities between Antra and Sardinia, although it be true that the HIS et Illealhde has been altogether foiled in his most un roll:op to nest a part of her dominion from Austria. is It awe that there is any suspension of hostilities in the pore it the exiled pontiff and kis rebellious subjects at loan lee, say lards, with regard to the negotiations in =linbe ill. ink v l s. w hat &nitwit', upon what prin. /.._,_ _ n _______lllot eight. are you into any nego toomm• www."'ll"7 be your o bject entering g (Rear, hear - .) - As espeis Amble sad Lombardy, what h i , ' sheet? Men, hem) Austria has e thele n e r.i n .. tiate . Whisk wore lin by undoubted right . r , the King of Sar dine has boa Anna from those provinces. Axe ye going te any yen km of liberal principles so far that having n tend aiding of the time when Austria was wil re. tend 'emit to knew, when the sasses a Austria is pear yea see Maimed to update ; God knew" with w e ' Heel, or for what, =lees, Week ft be le ear.) Mum lime by whisk .. the Fagg of &WM meg OM am shamble from his cad ritttaaelitia the easet il lipres i w r E er , b now mien ? Dews he denim year assellatlea ? whited ha mated be /war assimease ? He has asked =thin bat ON* le le let elm i be has mode so request bet Ma le etay be 83111110 i Se settle the AIM of his ems deadaisse la hit OM am want year meddles a= iatertmlag, sat NOM "We mut stop the aids& et bleed, mad, them Mee welpeide • Yea have as aim to de with the Meese di/ail= them with the rewmpleee pmts of the wield set under yaw Miles. Yet yea me vim te =gelid* was aims efikwar tar the pewpme the tees ea idea Os o f Naples girl be pemlW to Mlle a sham sic et le his ewe imblees. (Hear leer.) The Haag et Illeples &abase yeler have =OM gte de with year asisdia. An yea, Ma. goiag, without his eassente M dad& Ws that wW yea thlek =aid be a jest and gullible adjustment et the ? Are yea &eat tr mmilliale per igees es ipeuWl arbiter read b My lowa tit Imes ea tibia Ils• Fig of Narks doll sMie. nandeaDy, a portico et his demleiwes ? De Ma that /idly should be TO, lailepentlent with be legisietlea sad Its laws, that ▪ sauce be by a OWN= erembly ad palmed by aM= ray. ea will yea ban the eibent7 ear sash teems es a Mewl ealleninst el die gawks I :wlil set believe ell this milli I see IBM deemests. And whoa yea have And the terms, do yea Weed te Imes those terms equally apes both tit coatending !parties ? De the ma to terse the Him of Naples to Inceept the tame which you dictate, sad, as the ether band, if the Sicilians vetoes to accept them. do you !stead to impose Mee with a stroeg hand ? My lords, I say, then, that ia my judgment On state of our foreign relations is most unsatisfactory. There is hardly a sorneign or a government with whom you are not invol if use quar rels, at all events in unfriendly relations • awl dr Amass sf relations ore positively unfriendly =mister le dee net to your moderation, but to the moderation sad the good saw of other powers. My lords, there is certainly one gust. one powerful, nadir all diflealties most powerful sad te psrtant country with which, I believe you have mei*. t Dined friendly relations. I believe that at this moment yea have friendly !clubs' with France; end I would take this opportunity of repeating what I have often said before, sad what I am sere is the sentiment et every man in this bow who mhos the peace of Europe, namely, that the mslatemeess eta god understanding between this country and le, at all times (it is especially so at the present period miteatial to the maintenance of the peace of Europe wader whatever government Francs mey be, sad Meek may have better hops of her under one form of goverment Ikea amber, I shall not enter into disunion', in which my Mlle friend, having more hvonnation than slyest,. la dais= es largely. I hold it to be of the utmost impedes's, that, with France especially, this country should mauls the most friendly relations. Bet, my lords, how have the friendly relations between France and England bees ads tained ? Is the case of France, there has bees ea the pert of this country a meet mations abstinence from all later fauns. We have left France to choose her own govern ment, according to her owe inclination • we have not ob truded our advice or interference or ne gotiations, but have pursued a course which we rightly deemed far more prudent. Bat if we have new friendly relations with France, who shall predict that the govaneasat of this country, by wing the beet eadeavours, will be able to enure their main tenance for a single week or day ? (Hear.) Well then, my lords, passing from the paragreph with regard to oar (mien relation., what is the next statentaat which I find in the Speech ? Why, that " a rebellion of a formidable character has broken eat In the Puniest')." My Inds, I think I ought here to clement upon what appears to me to be an incorrect expreeion. If I know anything of the force of language, " rebelli .n" is a revolt of subjects against lawfully constituted authorities. You exclude the Punjaub from the denomination of British India. Yon have never claimed it as a portion of your territory. There may be a difference at opinion as to the policy or illlpolicy of connecting the Pssjaub with the other parts of laths; but at the prima mount it forms ao part of the British dominions. aid slthoegh it is treethat there has beans rising in the P t = is it not true that a " rebellion "—and the word "re is not an unimportant or Insignificant word, as bearing apse our relations with the Punjaub—it is not true, I say, that "a rebellion has broken cut " there. But, my lords, that a war of a " formidable character," to use the words employed is her Majesty's Speech, has broken out in the Punjaub, which calls at this moment not only for tha exertions of the Indies fortes, bnt ales for such aid as her Diejeety's government can afford under the cirenasstaisou—the is an undeniable sad lamentable fact. (Hear, hear.) My lords, I pass hem that statement to the next which I find in the Speech, namely, that, although " the insurrection in Ireland MY not been renewed, a spirit of dissaffection still exists," whisk oomph her Majesty, with whatever reluctance, to call see the renewal of =me stringent coercive powers with which you felt It mummy to entrust her gims rat in the last semi= of parliament. I km, not why ft is that one of my noble friends who opened this debit., finds is the state Of Ireland • still( ct of congratula tion as compared with Its condition this time last sear. " This time lest year," gays my noble friend, " we were In a far leas favourable position than we are at present. Last year the storm was gathering—now it has burst." My lords, the storm was sot very formidable in its results. But it did bunt; an outbreak did take plam,and it was rupproned by the strong arm of military force, and by noticing else The moment you withdraw or redoes that force, the moment you take off the pressure, you may find the storm ready to burst again. The spirit ot disaffection is still rife, and the Speech of her Majesty authorises me to state that the position of Inlaid at present differs only from its position this time last year at lewd with regard to a large portion of the people, inasmuch as • premature and an impotent at tempt at rebellion has been suppressed by force, bat without i any mpression having been produced upon the minds of the great body of the population, even of the hopeless:imps, still less of the guilt and criminality, of the attempt itself. Well then, my lords, this is the position in which you stand. With regard to your foreign allianoss, you have friendly relations with scarcely a single power. With one power you do at present maintain friendly relations. That power is France ; but with regard to that country, no men sea my that the disposition of its government may not amide in a single day. With respect to India, a formidable war has broken out, calling for an augmentation of force. In two or three of the colonies, insurrection has already taken place; and this has rendered necessary the despatching ot • considerable body of t . I grieve to say that is many of your eolor.ial dependendse there is at this moment a spirit of disaffection, which is the result of the treatment they have received; and discontent is ripeuiog so fast into insunietion, that, unless some felief be afforded by the mother country, no man can predict the result. Lastly, my kwile, yen have 'reload in a state of avowed and almost universal disaffection ; and in that cone- try it is necessary to enforce the law, in its ordinary pro ewes, by military aid. Yet, with nearly all Europe in a hostile position—with war is India—with discontent in other eolonise—with strife and disaffection in Ireland, her Ma- jesty's ministers have the confidence to place in the mouth of their sovereign the astounding declaration, that the aspect of ' affairs is such as to enable them to effect large redactions in the expeadiemre of the country. (Hear, bear.) My belief mad I state it openly, that it is not t he aspect of affairs dread ree at home which enables you to reduce the estimate. beg that it le the aspect of affain in a very ailment mon whisk leaves yen no alternative but to effect mom redo/Odin My ink I do an doubt the possibility of ellseting a ninths is seas n of s the sled deponents of the ▪ in orsineno, pai ia the dth &specimens of the navy. th l de net Inn tins a hap redone. any be dined by shoeing sail eineelling the abases in the adminithatioa and memagsment ei the (Hear, hear.) And here Ova am to my, that the greatest iseponment that mold be Whole& .1a this depart ment would be a legnadve emagemen, that no person employed in the dockyards Awn have the privilege of voting for members of parliament. (Hear.) That is set my 'piano slew. I have:heard at beet about twenty meal gismo Mime disk opinion that so long as a large peptides etas anthems in the dockyards were allowed to vat he members of parliament, so long it was impossible for the gevennest to exercise a due control over the week I does, et le see that It was dose rightly. But whatever reinulisse an be Mulled by abeekuig abuses, in God's ame be ingn, We will rejoice at it, and we will give our hang seeennindeliens to the merman which effects' then Bat when the gentry is is a state which toping the sondem of all its powers, sad requires to how them all in nadinges, I cannot connive how perms sea mender it a nee esenomy, though it may be crummy, Wryly to &Wait the naval and military foram of the sentry. (Chien) It is announced in the eyrie& tem the *rose, that is Wended, in the course el the grand me lion, to take woe step with 'nerd to the ainaminalst of the law fa dr redsf of the poor is Ireland. st mire im portant or =ere dillies& question, cannot engage the Wigs don of bar government. If I rightly usilenieed the eaneuntsmant, the state of the Irish pee law is to hem the sables. of farther inquiry before parilentent. Now, I mehm, that without undervaluing the labours ef •• essmitne Walther beam, it is my opinion that without • deer sad dhdast onnonnesmeat of the views sad inentione of the preennsat, and the is they entertna nip ammedaseate of the law, nth • coons of nig a wise one. If the WOO be to threw the gonna on the conidderatina parlientoney sesmilasse, without lay ratitat say pinolpie kir the guiders* of that eseemitese, any Millement of the of the governmeat, and mope_ as m there is • Oaths goverment aenelly n* the *I the law, Omagh which accuses Miami= seen be oblabod then before • parliament, ream der. Aid as the govern ment had a lord-lienteaant, of whoa I eat glad to have the opportunity of saying that be was most uncles to die. charge properly the duties of his bilk statics, and most accessible to men of all parties 7 (Hoss, beer.)—l say, my lords, that the government haying those peculiar &domi nate, and having the means of obtain, information from elf parts of the country, will not be acting fairly if they throw the guides hose ea the enolderation of parliament, and thus shriek boat the iimpodbility which belongs to the government and whisk N is your bounden duty to the country and to the senorita to undertake. (Hen, hear.) It is also anammoed that it is the intestine of genes meat to submit • mosente to parliament for the rep al or modification of the animtlisa hors. As this dtpeniei on this condition, " if yen the Ind that these laws on, en M whole or in art, entosomeray he the meislneoto of our maritime power, whiisV Mar trade sad indeeft, you will, no doubt, deem It t to repeal se rw, visions." I as quite • 'lig with that, if . 6 " I g i ve my assent to the answer to her Mesty's zr ad i s b:it at the tame time I cannot give it without py a ge d opinion, founded on all the invades I ban see make, and aided by the patient investigation of year lordship committee last year, that with se 11 1114":"Asir. Vell'imes_nienr °IP 7 // 1 7 1hasi ftsh - trafy hat the ' el the ---) l d aws the del le the mabgename of the maritime swomeseep his mettry--(iimar, loser)—ead that they did not hawse hingede eseemene is say degree, to be plaud is othatediehnes end ansierpsies to the imams coesidera eith at mietleining me maritime wapremsey. (Cheers.) 1 With them clew, whisk I do net thick it mossier, to as sent from the answer he *speeds from the throne, it io my fins intrudes at thi mom time to mist any effort that may be made materially to tauten with the IMF , * sad Massey ef tha malaise laws. (Chun.) disksome M the h i :4MM of he speech. I do mat am co ' en as I Ahem frees ems of the statements ineedmed is the epee* to offer say mead meat to the tome ea erfilal ills preposed to snorer it. Bat, my feeds, the hot reties of the epee* from the throne ap pears to me a t= so satm repo nt and monism • view of ctual of the eamory, thall ft important does it seem to tae than a clear *Ma @Mad be expressed of the view whisk pediment tame ef the sendition of the interests referred be, that, minted es I am to interfere with the unanimity of year lordship's adhere, I yet hel it my duty to move an additioa by way of ammdissent to the address. Her Masty states in the speech from the throne that, " S he has great satisfaction in stating that commerce is reviving from those shocks which, at the commencement of last session, I had to deplore. The condition of the manufacturing districts is likewise more encouraging than it has been fur • consider able period. It is also gratifying to me to observe that the state of the rousse is one of prom, ire improvement" I cannot joie is thinking that that statement conveys a fair and accurate representation of the con lion of the commerc!al and manufacturing interests and still less of the revenue. It may be true that the panic of November, 1647, has passed by but that the results of that panic have ceased to be fe lt, that the commerce end manufactures of the country are in a state of even comparative prosperity, you are mistaken in supposing, and the few documents to which I csa refer will show your lordships that too favourable • view has been taken of these points in the speech from the throne. Fast, with regard to finance. It is said that there is a progressive improve ment in the revenue. My noble friend who opened the discussion congratulated the country on that point. With due deference to my noble friend, that improvement has not been progressive. It has been immediate, within a limited period, and from a single cam, sad that cause you are about to remove—that cause, with your eyes open, you are about to check. (Cheers.) 'The ordinary revenue of the country last year exceeded by something like 900,0001. the revenue of the prectdng year. There is an excess of revenue in the customs to the amount 0t900,0001. There are fallings of in other branches. There is an apparent increase in the excise of 1,100,00 W. But, on the other hand, there is a falling off in the stamps and taxes to the amount of between 800,0001. and 900,0001. There was, however, an berme in the customs duties, which arose from the nth ration of the duties on foreign corn in 1848, which had been removed in 1847, although in the fcrmer year wheat was selling at a moderate price. The difference between the returns 0(1847 and 1848 is precisely that which arose from the duty on corn, and yet on this very day you are about to remove the only source from which you have derived that surplus. (Hear, hear.) But there is another and signifi cant matter in these figures to which I beg to call the atten tion of your lordships. It is a small decrease, but it is not unimportant. In tee article of the property tax there is • diminution of 103,0001. And that diminution went on from quirt*, to quarter of 1848, and as compared wish 1847. The amount was smell, in itself; but you must recollect that every diminution under the heal of property-tax was indica tive of a lose of the capital, on which the tax was lest d, to the amount of 33 times the loss to the revenue ; to that the 103,0001. was indicative that British capital had been lost to the amount of near 3,500,0001. You have no reason, there fore, to boast of the manufacturing prosperity of the country. (Hear, hear.) Referring, again to the only documents within my reach, namely, the papers periodically pub lished by the Board of Trade, I find that there has bun a diminution in the exports of the six principal manufactures of the manufacturing districts, namely, cotton, wool, linen, silk, hardware, and earthen ware. The diminution in the exports of these leading articles in 1848 was as 4,000,000 in value to 6,200,0001. in 1846. Those articles of export, the produce of British in dustry, alone fell from 37,000,0001. to 32,600,0001. in 1848. Bat there is another very accurate test of the pro sperity of some of the middle and lower cluses of the coun try, the amount of withdrawal from the savings' banks as compared with the deposits. I have slacken to several persons on this point, and from one and all, without exception, I have leaned that the withdrawal of depose was greater last year than the amount invested. And with regard to the savings banks of Manchester—that important mar.ufacturing distrist--theamount of withdrawals exceeded the deposits . by between 40,0501. and 60,0001. (Hear.) I as unwilling to trespass on your lordships' time, but I thought it right to enter into these details to prove that which I feel very strongly, and in which I believe many of your lordships concur with me, that the general tom and character of the speech us, even with regard to our manufacturing and commercial interests, and the state and prospects of the revenue, given a more favourable view of the condition of the coun try than the real state of the facts would warrant. It will not be denied, I think, by her Majesty's government, or by her Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonies, that the West India interest is labouring at this moment under deep and serious depression. Why, when the government so eagerly grasps at the slightest iadication of returning pre poetry in the manufecturu g districts, take no notice of those which 1 cal the gust and fandamental interests of every country, but especially of a great maritime country ? (Hear, hear.) Why, having so readily adverted to what you look on with something like a gleam of satisfaction, hesitate to express what you cannot but feel ? Why pass by those great interests in contemptuous silence and indifference? I believe those interests to be essential to the prosperity of this country. Nay, more, I will say this, that I fear the measures of her Majesty's government are - going far to perpetuate and incurs the ruin and distress impend ing over both those interests. (Hear, hear.) I believe that with regard to both we have enter ed into a mistaken muse of policy. (Hear.) I am glad that my noble and loured friend is now going to give his powerful aid to the landed interest as far as was just, seeing, es I anticipated when you passed that unhappy own law, that thou who promoted that mums would not be satisfied with what was originally intended, but would continue their onslaught is other vital interests of the mazy. He will five me, if I express a regret that he was ever in duped, egstnst his better judgment, to wink at the unconsti tutional and almost illegal promenings, adopted for the carrying of that law. (Hear, hear.) I trust, that warned by this experience, and by the honest confession of my noble and learned friend, you will bear in mind, that for the attainment of no object, however desirable in itself, is it wise, prudent, honourable, or safe, to avail yourselves of the aid of unconstitutional and almost illegal means. (Cheers.) My noble and learned friend professes himself to be • warm friend, of what he calls free trade. Equally with my noble sad learned friend, I am opposed to annoremery rearietimm es commerce ; but I profess myself an umeommemising enemy of the *set, one-sided, sad bastard lenalmile IVY oh bee been introduced by her Majeley'spememest /mho bone& of the foreigner and to the detriment of the Milk homer. (Cheers.) I do declare myself to bean unensgessing adherent of that old principle which felt it hobs wits sad just to give an equitable protection—not a prehilhha—wet a assa voly--ase more than a nemeary prolleeden * theaterbehme te the disadvantages undue whisk year owe modem, >bee: is this country. And to give your own constrymma that protection wherever they may be hued throughout the world. (Cheers a li s t uas ere may my that the principle of free trade has been , cad it must be followed oat— othigis mita _ . From that principle and that position I dissent. EhE I asthinue to believe that on to British is a mewl eat rational rw et ir ti not comet to the paidea that the et of free trade is smoothies be hen which we morieised sad our future policy Ilse we soil labs it as a faifamfawgi, end that protection to nolim Mihaly pest be abashes& On the contrary, I =grew my deat belief—a belief strengthened by my eamtime from day to day—that this country will never pe, that you, will never be able to *wait the dangerousdesgaa of mischievous men who will am ibis moms se a laws to upheave and uproot the foundetione of the essnataden—(Cheers)—until you re verse mar policy. My firm conviction is that you must retrace mew steps, and that at no distant day—that you must adept the principle of protection u the only sound and wise policy, sad that to this principle and this system the feeding and deliberate opinion of the country will compel ' yen. (Loud cheers ) I need hardly waste your lordship.' tlme by detailing the present_ dweseed prime el agrieelearal predate. finch of your ludships as are acquaiated with the southern counties know that vegeuey and mendicancy were never so frequent—(Hear, hear)—aad whe ther the pressers of able-bodied labourers on the poor rates was not greater than in former year. (Hear.) I believe that you have given an erroneous impression with regard to the manufacturing and commercial conditions of the country. There are other immmat inter-sta labouring under distress approaching to ruin. I thesefore sentare to submit an addition to the address, to correct the mks-state ments in the spesch,se as to give her Majesty, by the addition of them, a more correct view of the sea e of the country. (Hear, hear.) I have to think your lordships for the pa thless with which you have listened tome, and will now con do& by seeing the addition of the following words at the eswinelea of the paragraph which expresses her Majesty's esibibedes at the state of the manufactures and commerie and the progressive improvement of the revenue. "We however, to be compelled humbly to represent to L u ez ia that neither your Majesty's relations with nor the state of the revenue, nor the condi. colonial dm of =dodo and commercial interests, are such gs in ear opiates to jeti us in addressing tear Majesty in the hingsege of am don ; and that a largo portion of to o ges,l colonial interests are labouring under a urag=gressive durrion calculated tomtit* urines ap sad anxiety.' (Loud cheers.) The agemehnent having been pat, The Mande of LANSDOWIIE thought his noble friend ealeakesd too sow en the assistame el Ms noble and learned friend, Manes his noble Ma 1111ffelli Mad never gave any assurance that he weed go Maws* to tbat pro tection which the noble led declared to be the great object of kis policy. The noble lord commenced by attacking the foreign polar of the governm e alludeent. Hd to the state of Austria and Hungary. Her Majesty's government never interfered between Austria and Hungary, b e . ▪ they were not wanted to do so. They did interim La the dispute between Austria and Lom :besida lo beams they were invited to do so. With ihe sibs of Austria generally, they contemplated with interest the minis whisk he taken place there, which lad mild he* imam= Omsk lofty and noble con duct, milt lie poem* woo So pima or the ocoodos, he would bees ready as the slide lad in admiration of that eminent mess who spewed to be in that part of tie world the mast powerfal.iseemeet et restoring the glory of the Austrian empire. Ho would *sly my that they had amicable treaties wide Ammtkend no penes would wish less than he see the onideables Medina whisk satebted for so lone a pe tied between Pas traesentries severed. (Hear.) The noble lord allimited his noble Mead at the head of foreign offers for aiming his asilitanee and mediates bewares other amen.. uaineited. The papas which would be laid on the table setae be the het mower to that 'huge. From these it would be men that in no estate had his noble friend hearland in the Wain et ether countries, without being first lashed and sailed upon by these powen to do so. It was the ezprested wish of Austria to have a congress for the settlement of the questions in dispute between her and Lombardy in connexion with this country, and a direct application was made to the British government for that purpose. Could that fairly be called an uncalled for inter ference ? It was no swat praise to his noble friend to be en abled tosay that though almost every country was agitated to the highest degree, and labouring under circumstances of the most exciting character, the whole of Europe had remained at peace. True, questions of nationality and of race had been raised in some nations, and internal differences of the most serious nature had prevailed, but so far as between country and °sentry peas had been =settee& That result he attributed mainly to the united exertions of France and England, as adverted to in her Majesty. speech. He ease now to another point the question of our interference in the affairs of the Two Bicilies. In the fint place the noble lord contended that mediation on oar part in the 'Skin of Sicily and Naples had been un • invited by the King of Naples. Lord Ninth had gone to Naples at the invitation of the King. Lord Meth had also been invited to go to Sicily, end if that was refused, we were asked to send an ambassador, or Sir W. Parker, to negotiate a academe nt of the differences between Naples and that country. Sicily possessed certain rights, which had been long recognised, and which she hal asserted and all that was sought was to obtain a guarantee of those rights for the future. As a matter of feeling, England bad consented to use ber sacral influence in support of 'to ie rights. It was Impossible to avoid fording a warm interest in the wellies of the Sicilian people. In the present instance the interference on the part of the British and French admi rals arose from motives of humenity,and with the view to put a stop to the atrocities committed by the Neapolitan soldiers, and in the hope that, ii a suspension of hostilities could be obtained, the negotiations, which they bad. three times brought all but to a successful issue, might be renewed with a more fortunate result. The noble lord (Sthnley) had asked whether the government held the British admira l responsible for his interference ? He (the Marquis of Lansdowne) held himself respoosible for it. He would have aced in the same way under the same circumsences ; and so, he was sure, would the noble lord. He must deny that the interference had been, as the noble lord said, one-tided. 8, far from it, when the garrison of Palermo was in dang-r of being butchered, two regiments belonging to the King of Naples were saved by the captain of an English man-of-war. Ho was happy to say that our captains and our admiral in thou seas had throughout distin guished themeolve. for humanity, as much as for their personal efficiency and good conduct—(bear)—and that Sr W. P.,ther, to whom had been entrusted not cnly the con duct of important naval operations, but of delicate and diffi cult diplomatic duties, had oa all occasions given the most entire setiofactios to his country and to his sovereign. (Hear, hear.) With regard to the Schleswig Hole - ein ques tion, he was happy to my that, by the instrumentality of her Masty's government, in conjunction with whir powers— with the assistance of Prussia, and by the partial interven tion of Sweden and &Mil, the difficulties of that question bad, in a great measure, withdrawn themselves and dis appeared, and there was every reason to expect that the negotiations would speedily be brought to a satisfact- ry termination. With regard to Spain, undoubtedly there had been a suspension of diplomatic iutercourse, which had ori ginated in the act of the Spannth government. He hoped and believed that the time was not far (natant when that government would be brought to acknowledge the injustice which had been inflicted au our embossed., and the ground. lessness of the charge which bad been made the pretext of his expulsion from Madrid ; and when that time came he enured thew fordable there would be no hesitation shown by her Majesty's =enter. to resume those friendly relations which had heretofore existed between the two countries (Hear.) As to the Irish poor law he was undoubtedly of opinion that it would require some revirion during the ses non, and cn an early day he should move fur certra papers preparatory to proposing a comoshtee of inquiry on the sub ject. Previous to the adjournment of the house he we old lay on the table a de-pitc h from hie noble friend, the lord lieutenant, containing his views as th the grounds on which he recommended the continuance of those extraord inery powers , whi h parliament had confided to him, end in which recom mendation the government concurred. While he admitted the duty et the government to advise or reccminend whatever mea sures were calculated—provided they were safe and appli cable—to smell rate the condition of Ireland, it was err tee that no remedial measures could be successful until you could give security to life and property. With regard to the paragraph in her Majesty's speech eels- SITS to the revival of commerce, the fact of such revival he ta might could not be denied. (Hear.) The noble lord concluded by stating that, independent of the corn duties, there was a substantial improvement in the custom,. During the last year they had increased to the extent of 200,0001. As to saving banks and the Provident Institution of Westminster especially, he believed the depo sits would be found upon the increase, which was the best test of their utility. The Duke of RICHMOND observed that it had been ad mitted by noble lords opposite that the country was in deep distress, indeed it could not be denied. Why was that fact omitted in her Majesty's speech ? The agri cultural population were suffering from distress. Farmers could not sell their barley, and they were not per mitted to malt it without paying a heavy duty. Barley would not now produce 455. a quarter; how then coihd farmers and their labourers live ? They were so taxed and burthened that they could not compete with foreignen who were exempted from almost all charges. The result would be, that the honest industrious farmers and thole labourers would inevitably be driven into the workhouses. The very day the anti corn law memo was paned, he knew the agricultural interests of all claws* were rained. As to the rumoured in duction of the army, he could not believe that the govern meat could have been suck cowards as to yield to the threats of such a despicable body as the anti-corn law agitators. (Hear, hear.) The reduction in oar forma could not, how ever, be very large, for at this very moment both our army and navy wore too low, and it would be necessary before long to increase them oossiderably. Could the army in Ireland be reduced ? No; foe the best incentives to order in that country was to let the peasantry see and believe there were handle& of red coats ready to come down upon them. At the great insurrection which lately took place there—nobody knew what they were not to have done ; but, after all the boasting, they were thrashed by half-a-dozen policemen. (Laughter.) The country had new had a trial of free trade, and he had no doubt that government would, before long, be compelled to yield to pressure from without, and again give protection to the agricultural Interests. The Earl FITZ WILLIAM believed his noble friend who just sat down had quits mistaken the public opinion of this country. Instead of nnivensl y trrosal of the repeal of the corn laws, She aside duo find that that measure we the subject of gees& approbation. It could not for a moment be imagined that the Anti•Corn.law League, of itself, could have effected thom changes which had taken plea in the law as to the importation of foreign corn if the effort' date body had not *mad a response amongst the mama of the people. The peeaostr of public opinion would not, therefore, erode* the etikoß antlepated by the noble duke.' Ho agreed with his noble Mead apposite, that, with respect to the Irish poor law, it would have been more desirable that her Ms i (sty's ministers should have proposed a mea sure, instead of instituting a committee of inquiry. It was obviously nesesary that a large alteration should be made in that law, if they assent to benefit Ireland, more especially in reaped of the area of taxation. Unless some change were were made in the area of taxation, it was his decided opinion that the law would prove a Mare. The Bari of YARBOROUGH said that he was not prepared to subject the agriculturist interest again to the agitation diet lest three or lour years. The Duke of ARGYLL felt bound to declare that he would consider tht ia Vtion of the amendment nothing short great of a public e The Dabs of WELL INGTON t deprecated the adoption of the amendment to the address. Lord STANLEY Dri.9y npli d. Their lordships then divided. Contents—(or the cooties _ 52 Non-oontents—for the amendment bo-2 THE PENINSULAR MEDALS Earl OBEY stated, in reply to a question put by the Duke of Richmond, that the medals awarded to the veterans w h o served in the Peninsular war were issued yesterday (Thursday). Their lordships adjourned at 12 o'clock, until Monday nest. HOUSE OF COMMONS-THURSDAY FEB. 1. The Speaker entered the house at about half-past one, and took his seat in the chair. At half-past two the Deputy Usher of the Black Rod, Mr. Pula's, entered the house, and advancing to the table summoned the Spanker to the Rouse of Lrnds to hear her Majesty's speech. The Speaker aessedingly, attended by a majority of the members present, proceeded to the House of Lords. On his return, the home adjourned. The house resumed atNEW a quarter WRITS. before 4 o'clock. The SPEAKER iniiTneedtiiiionse that, during the recess, he had directed the Clerk of the Crown to keine new writs for the West Riding of York, in the room of Viscount Mopeds, called to the upper house ; for the borough of Kiag's Lynn, in the room of Lord 0. Bentinck deceased; for the borough of Liskeard, in the room of the !Rift Hon. Charles Buller, deceased ; end for the borough of rata, in the room of William Turner, Esq., dereued. Oa the motion of Mr. TUFNELL, the Clerk of the Crown wu ordered to issue out new writs for the borough of Portsmouth, in the room of the Right Hon. Sir Francis Thornhill Baring, nominated Pint Lord of the Admiralty ; sad for the borough of Hull, in the room of M. T. Baines, Esq., appointed President of the Poor Law Board. Oa the motion of Sir J. Y. BULLER a new writ me ordered to issue for South Devon, in the room of Lord Vis count Courtenay, who has accepted the Ales of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds. New writs were also ordered to issue for Leominster, in the room of H. Sealy, Esq., appointed Go v ernor of Bri tish Guiana; and for Bolton, is the room of Dr. Bowring, appointed Britith Consul at Hong-Kong. NEW MEMBERS. Mr. R. B. Crowder, elected =mbar for Viler:4rd ,• Mr. Laurence Hewworth, elected member for Derby ; an t Mr. M. T. Bus, au elected member for Derby, severally took the oaths and their outs. BOROUGH OF SLIGO. The BPRAILRR sertalaled do inn an ko had ro coked as iationlios luta th• spat Se this radon= opine the rotors he dr barons et Mk" Wno am ems the petitioa would ma bo preaseded with. PUBLIC 8U31N68& NOTICES Or M07101..r Ihmu—Dy fir. Assemer oea Feb. 11, Ow a emoulttee to Iglu kW die onetleetiNty dot ti ella6 • lave toksilka of the s tol go/{no of tho em% Iff slats( • slora lost assibin kr as aatlsoal Mho" through no milli of plats osimosks. PSCO/WA AINININIff.-16, it, a. H. 'sous, is kayo to tens Is • bill to sass us kor d prouni onaussat. Bien= ILissasa• Asama—By Or a. IL Loch, for Owe to brins to a MI to awns no marriages of Bridal subleete abroad. Wean us Pusius.—By Lord Dorcas, this day, the ouppolat. oft el the ematittea Jags Poeutoimer.--By Kr. P. Bowen, for an address to the mown he a Man 1110 Willa tits popa4tioo of Ireland in leg as eon. pared with its jpatch_ in I NL Terearger. resaumans.-11, Lord Dense flreass, he Lava to being in • bill te =Mhos tehoolal he saptenoil partimants. Nowt Censor lksaaw.-1, Mr K. bora, am Taarlay. for • return tithe earrorpeedeese levees the Lard laarnt et Ireland and Earl Grey as the snidest at the titles panted to Roman Catholic prelaes. Aerates or Etco.y.—By Mr. tongue; on 'Thursday next, to move a resolution that the intervention of Great Britain In the affairs of May was • violation of the laws of nations. ROMAN CirrUOLIC PAINS LSD PIiNALTILL—By Mr. ARMY, on Toes. day, for a bill to repel the remaining pains and penalties especially aP to Roman Catholic subjects at this realm. er= Poucy.—By Lord MOUT enure, on Tuesday week, for copies of all the oorrespoodenes between the government of this country and thole of Russia and 'Swim, in relation to the occupation of Wallachia and Moldavia by Rumen troops. LISKAIT or vet Houss--By Sir 8. 'JOU; to re-appoint on Toes. day the Library Committee. SLAVS TRADS.—By Sir R. bootie, on the earliest possible day, an address to the Crown, praying that measures might be iS6 en, in cem ent with the allies of the Crown, for the gnat imppreasi et of the slave trwle. Coo;;;;;. Oonnunnorr.—By Mr. H. Batumi, on Tuesday, for a eomml'tee to inquire into the complaints of the colonies of Ceylon, British Guiana, and Mauritius, and to report thereon to the house, and to report further what measures lammed calculated for the better administration of those dependencies. Bea: INGRANIIII.I as AMIZISS. —By Mr. DOPII, Oa Thursday next, t a bill to repeal 21 Geo. 11, and to transfer the holdieg of the Buck inshainsture wiles from Buckingham to e :nos more convenient place. lama PaawAxerr.—By Mr. P. O'Consion, on the 15th, for a select oommittee to inquire by what means the Irish Parliament was dissolved, and as to the effects of lb d diasoluthon upon England .and Ireland. I ann DITTIMIL—By Malor BLACICALL, on that day fortnight, to call the attention of the house to the state of Ireland, in consequence of the three years of severe famine which that country had under gone. Fiansaies.—lly Dlr. ANITRY, on the 13th inst., for a select committee to Inquire into the suhjectof the flsher.es in Ireland. Ram. Paorrarr.—By Yr. IL Durnmoson, for a bill to facilitate the Umtata of real property. Itnnagn's Monstr.—By Yr. Fcantason, for a committee to inquire into the subject of minist er ' s moiler in Ireland. nut Issuatites.—By OoL gtaruoara, for a bill to repeal the duty on fire Laurance*. -- 17tisx 1;;;;;;;K. —By Mr. J. O'CoNNELL., for I 0001112itttO of the whole holm, to rocsider the dlarstrous sad alarming condition of Ireland ; also, on an early day, for a bill to provide for the psor of Irelw.ct to the utmost practicable extent, out oldie ecclesiastical pro perty in that country, and out of the estates of persons 'tacit from their property in Ireland more than six mahout the year. ECCLASIANTiCAL 1117011 X.—By Mr. HOLMAN, to put two gum. throne, this day, to l a rd J. Russell, first as to the arrangement contemplated with respect to the Rectory of Bhdrowearmouth, now vacant; and, secondly, what measures of ecelesiastical reform were to be introduced this .onion by the government, their speci fi c character, and bow soon they might las erreted. EXCLID AND STAXP BOADDL—By Me, TVYNALL, on the part of the Chancellor of the Exchequer (this day), a Intl to consolidate the i:uards of Exclae and Mumps, and to establish a general Revenue Board ORDERA. —By Mr. Trrarti., on the part of Lord J. ItLIAIOU, a select committee on the sessional orders. HABEAS Coerce Acr.—By Mr. Tureen, on the part of Mr G. Grey (on Tuesday), a MU to continue for a limited period the Habeas lanais Su.pension (Ireland) Act. Lusa Foos Law.—By Mr. TUINELL. on the part of Sir W. &otaavitin, on Friday, a select con:mites to inquire into the operatics of the Irish poor law. lasso gLECTIONS.—By Mr. Trrsati, on the part of Sir W. Sommenan, a MU to shorten the duration of elections in Ireland, and other purposes. By Mr. Teritu., on the part of the CH ANCELLOR of tho Ee caadrea, on Friday, a select committee on the army and ordnance estimates. NATIOATION LAWL—By Yr. TLY24IIILL. on the part of the Pre. silent of the Hairdo( Trade, on the 12th, for • bill to alter the navi gation lava. larw DIATIZOL —By Mr. TilrlfiLL, on the part of the CHAN erLwa of the Exciadquaa, on Wednesday, votes for relief of lrish diaries. THE ADDRESS . The SPEAKER then rose and informed the house that he had that morning attended the House of Lords, to hear her Majesty's most gracious speech, and having, for the once' accuracy, procured a copy of that speech, he would now read it to the house. The speech having been accordingly read by the tight ton. gentleman, Lord H. VANE moved the address in answer to the Queen's speech, which was seconded by Mr. E. H. Build:11Y. The SPEAKER then read the Speech and the Address. On the question being put that the address be agreed to, MT. (RATTAN and Mr. DISRAELI rose together. The former gentleman, however, gave way to Mr. DISRAELI, who said : I am bound to say that both in the speech which her Majesty has been advised to address to her Parliament, and in the answer which it has now been proposed to us to offer at the feet of the throne, I do not find that a fair and candid statement as to the condition of this country is conveyed to those whom we represent. (Pro tectionist cheers) Not a candid statement, tiler as regards the internal condition of this country or its external relations. (Hear.) At this moment important and numerous es are the subjects for our consideration, doubtless the most exigent would seem to be the state of Ireland. (Hear.) But the language which I find In a silts that I made of the speech does not convey to me an impression that her Majesty's ministers are of opinion that the state of Ireland requires any immediate remedy. (Hear, boar.) The language is obscure, and if it can be satisfactorily explained it will show the advantage of discussion in the present instance. I find these words " The operation of the laws for the re lief of the poor inlreland will properly be a subject of your inquiry, 'and any measures by which those laws may be beneficially amended, and the condition of the people ma be improved, wall receive my cordial assent." Now, sir, I think it is of very great importance to know what her Majesty's ministers mean to convey by the phrase " early inquiry." (Hear; hear.) Is it en inquiry for example by a committee of the House of Commons ? In teat case, the inquiry no doubt might he early, but the conclusion most pro bably would be delayed. And certainly, in the present state of Ireland, if the only measure which her Majesty's ministers are about to bring forward with respect to that country is a pro posal far an inquiry into the operation of the poor law by a parliamentary committee, I must sty that I think such a course is neither satisfactory nor etatesmar like. (Hear, hear.) I don't doubt for a moment—no one now can—the condition of the state of Ireland. The hon. gentlemen who represent that country have muck to answer for, in my opinion, by their conduct with respect to their constituen cies. We have to consider whether the present state of Ire land is merely brought about by the operation of the poor laws, or whether it may not have been in • great degree occasioned and aggravated by measures which they sup ported, and by the non-adoption of other measures which they opposed—measures to which, by the bye, they gave them private encouragement and o ff ered their public op position. (Cheers I say, then, when gentlemen come forward and complain of the condition of Ire land, that it is well they should recollect how far they may individually be responsible for its present state. I see a gentleman opposite, who represents a county in Ireland (Sir P. F. Nugent, Westmeath). I read a speech of his at • county meeting the other day—l read the reasons which he alleged for the present condition of Ireland, and I find that one of the weightiest was the repeal of the corn laws in the year of our Ltrd 1846. (Hear, hear) Yes! But when I referred to the list of those who voted on that occa sion, I beheld the worthy knight of the shire's name amongst those who voted in favour of that repeal. (Hear, and a laugo.) Now, sir, I think it is well for me to consider whether the Irish member who complain so much, who supported the repeal, and who opposed measures that were brought for ward on this side of the house, privately encouraged at meet ings at home, by those very same members ' whether those assemblies are to be forgotten at this moment. One subj et I calms I am glad to see with respect to Ireland has bean omitted In her Majesty's speech. I think I may congests late the house and the country, and the government, that they have not brought forward a measure with respect to Ireland, the only recommendation of which was the tradi tionary approbation of statesmen who existed half a century ago, and who, if they were not mistaken in the opinion which they then adopted, at least formed that opinion under circumstances very different from those under which we unhappily now live a measure which it was ru moured was to be introduced the moment par liament as-embled—a rumour which seemed at one time to have good case and all colour of authenticity—l think it is matter of congratulation, with all the difficulties we have to encounter, that we have not that mean intro duced—a measure which, while it would violate principle, appears to me could not accomplish any of the objects in view; that while it would be a measure which must, under all circumstances, be a gnat blow to the dumb— would sanction too prevalent a musonoeption as to the tenon on which the church held property a measure which' would not conciliate those whom it pre tended to please, and would have outraged the sentiments and convictions of a great majority of the population of the three kingdoms. Sir, that is one of the topics of her Ma jesty's speech, the omission of which is a significant subject for congratulation. It argues, I think, rather • want of resources in the statesmen of the present day, that their only expedient for the cure of Irish evils should be the revival of an antiquated . project, which really is not suited to the spirit of the age in which we live, or to the present condi tion of this kingdom. I trust we shall hear no more of that project, of which I am certain that it will never bear discussion in this house, and that no parliament will pam it that fairly represents the opinion of the poople of this re a l m . Sir, there are three paragraphs in her Majesty's speech which I must describe as congratulatory paragraphs ; they refer to the state of emai -1 mute, to the state of manufactures, and to the state of the revenue. Bir, there can be no difference of feeling amongst gentlemen on either aide of the house ; it must be a pleasure to hear that there is any increase of employment in the manufacturing districts, especially amongst those gentlemen who come from rural regions, because certainly they cannot aware the house that there is any great increase of employ ment in those parts of the coun e tr i L/Hear.) But, Sir, I am say that when I am upon to express great addiction that commerce has revived, the decay of which during last session we had to deplore, I am called on to as sent to a statement which, under the authority of parlia ment, is calculated to convey to the people a deceptive view. Sir, I must take a general view of the commercial position of this country at the present moment, and it appears to me that the commerce of this country is greatly suffering. I find that the exports of this country have fallen off by mil lions, and that the decay has taken place under the new commercial system. That commercial system was introduced to oar notice, tad adopted by us after ea ohaervation of three years; and now I brin g to l , dentists of its results also the ohs leatioos of a peri o d oi co sa -- i .j duration. Sir, lam perfectly willing t o admit —more -- willing to adm i t—l am anxious to inculcate th e emu toga „ comity and expediency, on all comma-id questions, or og g moat impartial statements.' When th ese alterations ...- posed they were theoretical, and oar appreibe es i gu equally theoretical. It is not at all sarprisiag that, such circumstances, then should have been some heat in oe. position ; but wh en we h ave f acts to deal with th ee official conclusions which ca nnot be controverted, all go ng — we have to do is to exercise that sand caution which all possess, and draw h o seto which no one can deny, il they are founded upon data the authenticity of which no one disputes. Now, th e o w; commercial statement the results of which are ref erred the speech, has had a f a i r t r i a l an d h as failed. I a t. in pas, fectly aware of everything that ca n b e sa i d on the eko, hand; for lam weary of repeating those arguments 144 are daily brought forward. It may be said, true it la, g new commercial system his been on trial three year,. het It has had to encounter exceptional circumstances white as one could have anticipated. (Hear.) I am perfectly - to your giving . in your adherence to my state ment in you own terms. ' Our commercial system has had a famine of cora in Europe, and a famine of cotton in Amulet ; it hag had to encounter convulsions throughout the Continent and you cannot be surprised that a new eaug oesc ja system, under such circumstances, should have faileie Now, in the year 1847 the importations from the Uniteil States to this country were the greatest in amount u" record. There was an importation of what, in th e A mer ? language, is called " bread stuffs," t o so great an amount rig even the extra profit of the Americans upon bread staffs, es compared with the prices in 1843, unmerited to 530000 m, sterling ; that is to sa y, om i tt i ng t h e ample and suit ' mt profit they would have obtained under any circumstances, the excess of profit in 1847, in coteequenre of the famine in Europe, was 5,300,0001, while j j , consequence of the famine of cotton in the United States, the extra profits amounted to 3,200,0001. Therefore the Americans received from us an extra profit of eight and a half millions. Now the natural question which we ask oar. selves is, what did the Americans take in exchange under these circumstances? We have now the complete ret urn before us. They took from your cotton manufactories, ig round numbers, sixty millions of yards extra. Instead of twenty•flve millions which they took before the change of the laws, they took, in the year 1847, under these remarkable circumstances. eighty-five millions, an amount not rood to that which the Levantine market takes at this moment. The question, therefore, for you to consider is whether, parting with 60 million yard. more of your cotton manu factures is an equivalent importation for the immense impor tations you received, and the immense prices you pay, to ta g United States ? But it to hypens that the 1., turns we have be'ore us prove that even these 60 millions of yards were sot exported in consequence of the ate, &flan of your law ; be. cause it appears now by the Americ n returns, which 1 have here, that the home manufactures were in creasing at the rate of 30,000 bales per annual in the year 1817, in consequence of the high mice of cotton, and in consequen ce o f commercial circum stances, which allowed her to import your manufactures much cheaper than she could manufacture herself. She (*seed to manufacture that year, and therefore if you had not taken her bread stuffs, she would herself have Imported tram you a much larger amount of your cotton ; and this is proved by the circumstance, that in the year 1818, she has resumed, on a much greater scale, her manufactures, and the excess of importations of your manufactures to the United States has fallen off in the last year,notwithstanding the great importation of bread stuffs, more than thirty millions of yards. The two famines of corn and canon, which you s a y have p ted your system from having a fair chance, com bine to give youa chance with the United States, whichtpre bably you never will enjoy again. Have we no', with regard to the third point, the c tuvalsions on the continent, have we not every day during the recess, every day since parliament was prorogued, in morning journal, and evening paper% aid those oracular publications that appear only on Satur day—while all deplore the state of the commerce of this coun try, have we not been remi seled, that, with theCOUTtliiiol/11on the continent it was only what was to be expected ? Al; agree in one thing, that in the present state of the continent the manufsetures of Manchester could not b 3 disposed of. To g have got ycur returns, and it turns out that in 1848 you have exported more than you did before. So that in lent the third great circumstance which has been circulated 0) keep the country ejuiet, turns oat to be a circumstance, ex ceptional, but highly favourable to the devel.pment of your system. There are two other circumstances which are never referred to by hon. gentlemen' opposite, with respect to the trial of the new system— also exceptional e rcumstances, but alto, as I shall show, highly favourable to the experiment et your new system. Ia the fleet place, this very famine preveLted the general dis trees which we predicted. You have been sustained by high prices in the home market, which your policy is calculated to injure. Besid s these four exceptional circumstances them is another one of great importance also. Men who have deeply considered this subject—men not connected with the parties of the state—men who wrote before these experiments were even thought of, they arguing upon this question have always said—that if you attempted to fight hostile tariffs with free imports, independent of many evils which we are all familiar with—we have always im- pressed upon the public that the consequence of such a policy would have a fatal effect upon the dottibu ion of the pre cious metals, dangerous to all countries, but most perilous to a country like England, with her tined debt and fixed payments. What has happened? Th se convulsions on the continent which you have slimed as one of the causes of the evils of the new commercial system have saved you from the inevitable consequences of your new and rash legislation. There are five causes which have acted in favour of your system which have tended to dimi nish and soften its inevitable evils, three of which, since par liament was prorogued, you have been telling the people were the causes of your evils. Why has your system failed ? Why is the commerce of England, after all these promises, in this prostrate state ? The reason is simple, because the country whose products you so liberally take, will not take your productions. It shows you the operation of your system in the United States ; that under the greatest stimulus that ever was known, with a corn famine and cotton famine—with the United States re- ceiving an extra profit of eight and a half millions, you only could send out of your cotton nimiutactoties 60 millions of yards extra, and in the next year it fell down to 30. Look at the position in which you are placed with reference bilks Brazils. You all remember the Brazilian trade. Every one recollects the glowing accounts of the late Vice- President of the Board of Trade. Your Brazilian trade, for which you sacrificed your own colonies, and is which there was an increase of 261 millions in 1846, has so glutted the market, that goods are selling at Rio and Bahia at cost price. Russia is still sealed, and Prussia is not yet shaken, Some say it is a matter of no consequence how much we may export. Tke question is, how muck we may import. The French will not give us their produc close fey nothing, and therefore we need no: trouble our 'elves in these matter,. There is no doubt that the French will not give us their goods without exchanging something. But the questitsa for us, and which the people of this coun try are looking at at this moment, is to know exactly what are the terms of exchange which are beneficial for the court try. There is another reason why you cannot delay meeting the question of the principle on which the commercel sys tem of this country is to be founded. Tou can no longer delay considering the state of your colonies. Consider on what relations you will stand with your coluies should yon adopt the principle of commercial reciprocity. It is the only principle which can be acted upon beneficially either to the mother country or to the colonies. Reciprocity is consistent with every philosophic science that can be called in question; it ruts not merely on experience, but on abstract truth. It is the only principle upon which an expansive system of commerce can be established, because it is at the same time cosmopolitan and national. (Hear, hear.) But your present system to hostile tariffs opposes free imports ; and the con sequential, since ever that system has been pursued, have been most injurious to the commerce of this country. Every year since you have come here at the commencement of the session, not to congratulate the house on the state of our commerce, but to explain why it suffer., why it is prostrate, sect on ais occasion you are only too happy to say that it is recovering —from what? From an unprecedented state of depression. (Cheers.) I shell road one conclusion to the house as to the value of the colonial trade, even to that in terest in the country to which every o ther must be sacri fieod—l mean the industry of Lancashire. I take that in terest as being most important because to it, it appear, all our legislation must bend. (Hear, bear.) I dare say that the returns I shall produce will surprise many ho mumble gentlemen. Here is a return of the exports of calico for the last sixteen years from 1831 to 1846, both in clusive, to British and foreign possessions reepectively, and what think you is the result ? To all foreign ports during those sixteen yearn—and it is only by these general views you can know the value of our tride to all foreign ports—to all foreign ports the exports of British calicoes have been 6,913 millions of yards, to our colonies 3,269 millions of yards, se that the latter have taken 313 millions of yards more than half the rest of the world. (Hear, heir.) In the same manner the British West Indies and Canada took 680 millions of yards, while the United States took only 514 million., so that during the period to which I have alluded our American colonies altogether took 165 millions of yards more than the whole of the United States. (Hear, hear.) In the same period the consumption of the British exceeded that of the foreign West Indies by 86 millions. Then India and China, as compared with Brazil, exceed the con sumption of the latter by 903 millions of yards. Now, it will be said that I take a long period, over a portion of which our colonists wore highly protected, and their trade was thereby highly stimulated. To meet that difficulty I have divided the whole time into two periods of eight years each, and I find that during the last eight years, as com pared with the first, there has been an increased export of Manchester goods, to the British possessions, of one billion 666 millions, while to all foreign possessions there has been an increase of one billion, showing an advantage, in favour of the British possessions, of 666 millions. To the British West Indies there has been increased ex port to the extent of 69 millions of yards, while to the United States there has been, during the last eight years, a falling 'off of 105 millions of yards. (Hear, bear.) With respect to these facts I wish to make one ob servation to the house, and that is, that during the last year, since the changes in our commercial legislation, the total de crease in our exports to all parts has amounted to 174 mil lions of yards. Here are changes sine* you changed the principles of your commercial code. (Hear, hear.) This . the moral of your new commercial system, and yet these are documents drawn up by your own officers—sometimes doc tored by them —( a laugh)--and in the face of such results you call upon the hones to express an opinion that there has been a substantial revival of trade: It is the flirt time since 1 have had the honour of a seat in this hours that the sovereign has met parliament sad has not been able to congratulate the House of Commons on the fact that she had received from all her allies 411444- 111111111111.111.11111111.111111 i IIIP'"