The Express. — London, England, 1849-01-03 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 8, 1849. la the habit of defog. Verdi* of " &aides si r -- vow s 'V e y , * I s both 411M81011,1011.: r. ROBERT OFurza THEx RAILWAY.ON THE GREAT w A miss d robberies of the nom extraordiner y mid ei 4110111.161, were pilir_ressa 0 , tow " sea down 11 7 0 -- ww wieg a t i t W way during the Ileg i : i gtgeleg ?Imes* Hu t 36jiso., god 'War r • k ss ,ea . althea 81awatar at its testi hier _ anwpis td g At thh *aimpoet miens bags et width env la the oo p 'Mee &flag is airese&swe the usu eos o af the ia with *** i****tilfr al et rear low d • a offiess awl swan* baba s p . i nsw o w n a ntis saki= to the Fashiellise area tow e r mowed * gait , els eir WM ! n et sod eittead as eiw6 arrives, ite Jamey e 1 :2 " 4 . 15e roe Wilma lbw tea plasm Wa g ti ne d • wow dee bear sea lea miasma without at any p l um Os the anent et the we* at l imey h e . p pp a iptis, the wood went to the tender is the rear ef ow pis p i glee, le eider to deliver the Wall bags, w ho he Resew* that all the begs had bees more w b es warted with, some at apes sod ethers boll she snit brains and Map *tie& • es ▪ maedaatire 41 their temleide sodded sin that a ▪ wrestpad regime ad hams, ea weU as the beehere• idestah led bus altateased, sad without a masse* lee of bee he eallauoirseed, hid, with the two Rawl. pis Mies *eke seemposylag the mail, and sub. w pm* with the 1004111 bi authorities at Bristel. FL — memo eseesiewsi aureate amelsesedea ; the gas* wee 'twee pollee the begs wow eaA elms the trela Wit Dridgwetat, owl as we *pm, lei lo b o spllwaes between dose Sewn and the shy of &heel, It tens seweridnet that the rehiary most helve hewn effseted by moss psalm * the Inia. and wilds M mein sae • Wier • Oter 11111110.11111' sessubstiew, it was essolved to sad the smospellwa hogs es is Limas la the Nate I. OM the earl hodl diesseared thew; esd seesrdlogly the w a s ; e ft Rigel es Ili upwind jemmy ghee s tray sled At e Os mashies tem sa mole beree poshwiley men. leg rp m r p osse g u ll ihsPestoelise, la AA Ilestiewie. grad, sal wade a ',pert et the eiesowsloosee Apes &lONA The Irises logs wen istweelistaly Zto esstelaatka, she. it wee &sad that sot it the whet* sit the ragiseered lemma sad beakers' reds hoesebnwhistel, bat is sews ems the " e bi s • sa regiWored Wen Mid nimble Maps eme ea eau, Ilfri do shim that it is at presses sible to say bow is the pleader bee erseaded. As • twessatisawy saran, ishiewstiset wee forwarded by the Post-eillee an- Unities to the wises City kakis( liweess, so that • shack shill be pet tapesthe disposal of the wassate of the **a Mora At she wow time aides weatwee wets whoa is saw is stink • she to the &predawn, sad as the stem of fate twirsiag Mr. &mew Clarke, Bsperiatemdent sf ibi Area Western Railway, in compaay with two or Wei Ask& or the Po.t-otlin, left Paddington for Bristol, Is mkt se instigate the affair. Is the adeirsess, sad while Cul. Maberly was en greed with wand of hie Olsen on matters connected with lb. above affair, ialoemation reached town of • wend robbery—Freeway similar in character—perpetrated as the tows oa t whisk lett London at 8.53 p.m. on the mime ensue. la this we the begs departed is the tender were psnetly safe ea the arrival of the train at Bristol at • pest we ma. Oa the tender being opened at w r atrr, • setae similar to that previously observed at Bristol pneented Wolf. All the begs were awn or kr in sawed sad distszbed. sad the wore valuable 11011tIrlitS ab. imaated therein* Happily is this annum the vigilante tif the penis la situp of the trala resulted is the capture of the supposed thieves ; sad there mesas great reuses to be lieve that the persons who of the in robbery were she the perpetrates el the 'need. The parties alluded to are two new of 'appealable appear s/tee, both of wheat travelled in a Ant date deffUlfe, many lag the seat compartment to the Posaeillee wader. Their implisatioa in the au" is plead boned all manner of doubt by the discovery of several twittered letters sad nosey petrels is the carries, he whisk they auk. Name. diawly apes shah appraised's they were conateed to Enter, where they an to be breaght up for examinatlea beer, the magistrates this morning. The presumption now entertained by than best eaten. bled to farm an opinion is that both robberies were efftcted Is the same manner, viz , by parties who rode in a tirsteleas outage first osetriviag to occupy the seat compartment to the post oflice tender, and siesitquently, when the train was liotiaa, at the imminent risk t,f thew lives, leaving their carriage and 'teepees at once on to the wader, and then to 'ening the narrow ledge running aloes that carriage until they came to the dose, whin there to be little doubt they wen previously prepared to mak*. This done, there acid.' be little difficulty to oversaw The tender is always well lighted by a hump endisd frees the centre of the roof, and having once obtained entrance an aspen thief would speedily sbsiracit the booty. The intsualtees of the second 'lnbar?, immediately following upon the ant, is incoaspreheesible. It mu only be described as one of those short-ghted ado by which offenders against the law very often W si ag thnuelves within its meshes. Had the thieves known, as is the Act, that the same two post-eilices el , rite who travel with the up mail to Bristol return with the down mail to Bride water, probably they would have bees content with their first plunder, and eseepsd for some time, at least, with impu nity. Dotbtless, is future, if the bags from the Poet-office must continue to be pined is • tender, a guard will be ap pointed to travel will them. PROGRESS OF THE MI )VEMF.NT IN FAVOUR OF ARBITRATION. The Peace Congress m tToininTitee line been specially devoting its *partite for the last Neon* te the task of calling the attention, and enlisting the symteltdey et the pohlic mind on the subject of internadend Moths of arbitration, which is to be introduced into the Ream el Columns by Er. Cobden emit is the seet h e of parliament. By eroombig feMillgemee the nesdiems of the press, by extezAve - esevespendenee with their Meads in all parte of the couetry—by emeamnieation with various religious and other Massada bedies—by convening public meetings in many of the large provincial towns—by the formation of Meal winery committees, and by all other avMleble means, they lam been dill tently wedeln" to aceomplish this object. Aid we are happy to my that the success which attended their oasts has ezeiseded their meet sanguine expewations. Everywhere have their overtures been welcomed, not only with asafaleses, but with medial sathesimas. All the ereptonse famerable, sad set the least so is the fact tem ths /Taw has hem again vehemently sneering, and infkalging as Is be wont fa Wont neentation end ahem. We regret Rod ear epees will not permit as to give say. thin Ike a detailed report of the splendid series of meetings that have been held in the province*. All that we can do :s to present our readers with • rommieneed biatorical eumaq N these remarkable galleries% which certathly have ether been surp•mesd, in numben and estlommiasm, by any theme in of master ever rearmed in this country. Kr. Burnt' and Mr. Richard, r a deputation from the Peace Congress committee, visited singly or jointly the Sollowiag towns : Warrington, Rochdale, Boltho, Priem, Liverpool, Stock port, and Newark. At Warrington the meeting was held on Friday, Dee. 8, the mayor la the chair. The attendance was very larp, eel the belie& that pervaded the assembly moms manshotory end eneouregiag. A petition to parliament is favour of mrbitratice wee imanimously adopted. sad • stem depute tio• appointed cm the spot to wait upon the member for the bathed to requite him to support Mr. Colette's modem. At Rochdale the Teape,e.ee Hall wee well Ailed. Mr. Lahr Petrie teak the eAatr, euppored by Mr. lamb &heist, Mr Heavy Rion, Rev. Mi. Paredee, Rev. Kr. Brown, Rev. D. Remits, eel other lairsada i estlesea. Two heeds Gam Ileaskaster, Kern. /army sad Noire, larded sad addrerid the resting sad Or Kern. Darnel mad Masa bed spokes,* prides der sehltratics was We she adopted wither it Missureg odes. At Behr the sorra irk lira is the large Temperas. Hall, whirs wee areal paiatwish • Ares redraft, issuP le lama weeklies theagli kradrode d le sued MAK the w h aledna. they Menawith the tart prier mad freakiest sateama, wither betraying the slightest raster el saseelases, netwithateading that tha wen pretressed to • use roar el the eveshig. Ce me etili a v e :res tam by J. Ragweed, ys ,wed the rasa straw ter the liorergh ; wd ea the OWsr. at were Mr. Heavy Mammoth, Mr. Ursa& Askwsrlb, Mr. Themes Thomases, sad may lens Wit craws sad mss et the sews, erverel of when sildromed the seesdag very ably sad efeedvely. ;At the oieee • werkimpome restasseed per mission to speak, whir he did with sasearea tut, shrewd thee, eat beau sr. A War was mai ham Dr. Dowries. the somber kw the betook ezpreriai his warn approval ef the weer; sad she polities was adopted with peat istlcasimea. _ _ _ of the 11111•ft d _i!routou the ibilowthe asothat is itheo is the Praha Ovarrhostos s istrodostios to • vim Nor thesad 'Worsts report et Oft " ths Weir try imolai Isit, • pistil ma keld ;— to the Prima& tiestlstiotass, Primps', to • &potation troth the • Casualties W the Pease Onions; oraWiting of Pis. EMU Ben*. teeth AMMON sod the Her. Hoary Niabarol o Loodaa. lha .bjsstal the raesilai was ass only so Wilms literalism ia tits pessat pedals of WM 11110•11•11 Me but she to take swam tar esoorthe ri b b i td sy = lid support I. home it • meats Niel Een,, W.P., ass underfelts to lath" ihstrasi to the Sets of Cosmos ea as ady day is Nth satilso is ithear al srlitratiso Maths Wino &shod and Ns* othatriss, Wolin thin Is ass of a g. s i to ma ma itimaisthindlos re * Ws. Idlest math si to soldtholsos, *se of lb* athastl. seedy, aid soblorsorat of areal. By smell o'clock, the both for the prthoodthas to t'eUlien c amsativehooso was tompis theertial, 'wen aia. &tin awl sthailisiyhos oroapisd, sad to the *dim as • othostpast pssisi teen to to Imo tied thialststs of th• Osupd of embus diassoloalbos it the town, ea& ether paissra of dame shahs of sellgios sad Patt Ws thissessol lbst many moro tisoble *pia sdni ie. ttaase, sad there moth lo th bona at het UN pastas meat, so that the 'ensostrathos was is every reaLrot • powerful sad • coms. W. WithoWthersthe._ _ of talkno , was called to tho chair about half-pist nevem o'cloek." L • hiding artielo, is the thaw paper, mitten with great earaestnese and the editor age Ws bath Vous in living to-day a report ot the Slotting Mid IS 'mined*, swab* last la this tows, for the adwoonsy of yews principles. The sowthent, of whisk this =soda; is aa incident, has eertaialy been extensively ridiculed as the /wide or a few weak-nerred, sentimental, sad agewthato to.bire ; but to our mind it appean to involve principles of the an at manly end rational character, sod to compage an ohj.tt of the most stupendous importance. Tha estahlah- Meat of pate throughout the world may be pronounced dlismied by those Idle VOlid nage g es g upon Mite then rely en the totem itt the kunst tem TbedidMielimg of souks Ms lo whassrail teby millitest MIN* she am opposed eat of the **Mew shairsos efinflitery glory. CteWeVerigilbs. =Le Li r a • s s itte g:tr p a se of ft Ma mho Joebast wee ' and Am wales human of the bloody pi t s: lierailislhe Seedy imam of se=men elms Waled *the glom el oseventeel oodles ; and ..per be them who hove to gram end doily to= the E at of wears, the **es we have se of bream hope sod woes ." mfdse to the nodes for the Ito ud e speistosetismel treedee`the webs oils: " Now we en gales to see this Amp gad tetkasel estititete tot vim at mid seedummed by in Chrietise lesbians. Mr. Cables ell be derided. .sand, Welted, wises be ambmits his ph% end the .ward will be sepia vivacious la the sonele. Nit s_is,, it mot ultimately some to this; foe the good seem end humanity of the notice, no lees thee be seems sulbriegs Orem war taxidee, will incise a sembined ommessense e Vetetql t r eal. momei " see held is the Omelet ; Wand nothbe:e, Bet Presidium it the Pesos Bede% end oat of the Hest benevoleet sad of boson Wage, leek the shah. Mr. Bunks dammed his imam is the " Otogrese of Madams," which, though hem the notiee et the WOOS a grave and elaborate dbemisities, Sabun made the feelings of an audilafftory, was isialion web le inssobent with deep mad 1111 f Jawed after whill No. Eased oilmeseil the as.e tii -and wbs ; ts M Wend es end hostel attack made a few days befes es Mr. Hurritt Is the Thom the salmi rom is • body sod timed with the sweat enthusiasm The massing at fieseitgr e ss Mid hi the Lysees, sad is sass demeitied by the likewary : On Friday hut, • nosing was of **Lynam, to sup liPsolielle. Conlin in hi. peopeesd modon le the home with regard to the army and stay esimatee, and the Litre dustbin of arbitration slams fete ell fturo international treatise. Ilse doors were sowded long before the time an. alawstiod hr the oesemomesmomi et the sestina, sod there wen may ladies es the platesem, and on the maned seas At mg the vististess, we nodsed is the reserved seats Sir l'emdlebery, Let., Cheeks Hodson, Esq., Ralow, Men Usery ira C l o s p u mea, Lg., Ulna Oldham, Req., 11serwshill, Thaw lelsign• Zs., Meson. Hien belbam, 0. Old , and H. Jaime:. A far miaow after swam Vela& &histamine's, James Kershaw, Bin , our so representative in podium's% ems upon** it plat sad was remind with Marty applause, which had distil away Wore the berme& Asmeitten, Mr. War B tt„ caused it to be repeated. Nearly the whole sadism rose and expressed their welcome to the man of pens and uaivenal brotherhood, by the most outhusiestic manifest& dm of eeogratulation. llr. Kershaw took the chair, and was supported by the Rev. H. Richard, the Secretary of 'be Pens Society ma his right, and by Mr. Rhin. Burns on his left. At this ease the whole body of the hall was crowded by a awing sadism." The editor of the above paper, who we rejoice to fay is a thoruuich-going advocate of peace principles, says, to • lead ing article devoted to the subject "No reaso nable man could have listened to the speeches of Mr. Burritt or Mr. Richard at the meeting at the Lyceum on Friday evening last, and which ore repxted fully in another column, with out at leamedmittiog Mere is seem necessity for rotors in our naval sad yssay expenditere, if we hope ever to be relieved fess our esormous taxation. In thus one depart ment of our wasteful public expenditure we can OM as math as the boom tax, no to and coffee tax, and the wiadow tax, sad the paper tax, all put tarther, by simply spring to abide by the - decision of justice, nand of se sorting ro to the itity wt. Peat aperient* has already i that as disputes dilation es as of individuals, cen be decided by ertsitamios, an d therefore ignorant* alone San Ball it espies." At Newark the meeting was held in the school-room, adjoining the ladspeadent chapel, and, though not so numerously anandsd as than already described, it wee in all other negissas equally satisfactory. The Ha. Mr. Greedy. the WON minister , and • minister of the Wesleyan Assesisdes, woes proment, and addressed the manias very ably and momarly es the close of Mr. Richard's lecture,. In addition to the more public emanWagee, the deputa tion, in most of the above places, met • 'member of the friends of peace afterwards is pinto cosines, and organ. Wed local auxiliary eommittem with • view to diffuse kW mans', to apply Lar subeeriptiess, end to proems the work is the adjacent towns and villages, which the deputatioa were usable personally to 'visit, sad, unless we are greatly Masks), ths men who have bonded thanalve. together for this purpose ars sot likely to let the subject dip through their hands. Mr. Burritt and lir. Stokes have also visited Shrewsbury and Chester, bat we have not yet received their report, beyond a general intimation that there, ea everywuere else, the attmdmice has been very large, and the sentiments uttered by the speakers were most heartily reepoad,d to. Mr. Joseph Warp, of Birmingham, and Mr. Samuel Bowl of Olorioseter, having undertaken to hold a series of is the midland counties, we subjoin with great rleesure the following very cheering account of the enema which has attended their labours at the outset of their auras. In the course of Ilast week public meetings were held in Coventry, Nottiogham, Leicester, Derby, and Worcester, to consider the propriety of supporting Mr. Cohdemes intended motion in pm:lamest in favour of negotiating treaties with the various governments of the world, for submitting to arbitration all future misunderstand op or disputes between PK& other, instead of appeallig to hires of arms. Mr. Joseph fiturge, of Bir mingham, and Mr. 8. Bowly, of Gloucester, attend( d the miming as a deputation, to explain the objects of the pre• sent movement, and they pointed out by tacta and figures the ruinous =policy of the present military system, calling special attention to the rapid increase of the expenses for its support during the last few yean, notwithstanding the continuance of almost uninterrupted peace. The deputa tion also Bather explained to the meeting their own views of the glaring inoessistency of all war with the and genius of Christianity, in which a large port/oa r :ft audience appeared deeply to sympathies. The resolatioas approving the sped& object of the meeting, Ms., the mpport i Cobden's proposed motion, were in every ketones passed with • unanimity and cathedra quite =ex pected, proving mast clearly the deep interest which the people feel in this great national question, and their deter mination to rid themselves of so incon•iderable portion of that eneresom bunks of meatiest which his so long pressed down the industry of the eaustry, not so much for the de fence of its shores as for the support of a systems by which a host of the aristoency are maintained in comparative indo lence and luxury. sad thousands of its people demoralised and degraded into mere machines for destruction. The meeting at Nottinghsm was held in the Town-Nall, • noble room, which was crowded to the very doors, sad the misting was presided over by the mayor, who signed the petition to parliament on its behalf. At Leicester the mayor also took the chair, and both the members of the borough attended the meeting and took part in the proceedings, stating most unequivocally their determined= to support Mr. Cubden's efforts to obtain, not only a more rational and more economical mode of mall= national disputes, but also his endeavours to out de= by some millions the present ruinous amount of our national expenditure. At the medal in Derby a letter wee read from Lawrence sywortb, Beq , one of the members for the borough, expressing hie regret that his engage ments would not admit of his attending the meeting, but conveying the fullest assurance of his romps*, with the object of it, and his determination to give Mr. Cobden hie meet cordial support ia parliament. T. Bees, Esq., the other member for the =rough, was present, end took part in the proceedings. I. Mated =et though le was net prepared to give up oar netimisl delsaam, or to adopt to the - full extent the views of the depneaden as to all war, yet he ormoidered the MIMMOSTO New proposed for the approbation of the meet *, was me manomable, and so pesetimil, that he thought it and mast the approval of all benevolent moons, end be =mid be met low_ to give it his moat cordial paella sappert- The meeting at Worcester was convened l iri riews-heß, by the mayor, at the request of a unser tat and malt momembie body of requisitioaime, the chief =; s of the sky oesapyiag the chair. The meeting prediesed • deep impression on a larmi and most attentive =disuse. A latter was read from 0. Ricardo, Beg., am of the neembem See the eity, stating that if he bad reimived mei= net= el the mania& he Mould is all pro bability have been pretest. PRACTICAL HINTS ON LAND DRAINAGE. A Orempoliffest of the Agri mitsrmi Goodie mays : Amos, other =Mem wear it irksome seesseW with draimegs the MOW so be MOM - nolo eselyosmoney vassintka: 11l As elides sad pink these an I. be preferred thetas saran or Wes s:diet beret; is the en case they are modern brittle, sad, being sestreeted in sire and twisted is shape, do a duet that is irregular in farm sad asegsal is rapacity; sad in the other they ere de Scent is strength and dernitity. None that are really detective is elver Ores should be admitted into the deal°, but discards.' at mem es mmeding worm than reeks , . Pipes from the tile. obi see shim food with their ends partially aimed by pleas cabmen slay, which have bees posed into the ors iiim by the manias In their massfeetare. Bon properly =all to be removed while the pipes are lying on the in the dryin shed ; bat as Ads, in many cases, is sot metesdn to, the perms laying them in the drain meet soda* sad remove the EOM boson letting them oat of his kasis. Tikes" pins ought not to be Mid down is say essaider eMe loth) in critter, being mei liable to be dectly r l 4 lath They imbibe water fro the doom oldie 7 off whesever even very moderate keel SWISS the water am,. tZemi beeele them to pima ffeseatimes the Wary ve ehearesties, wed sty peso itself by the :, . up or the then at a distaste of time being All messiah hoed of beret clay to be kept dry when there Many chases of their being to the iin of tract, whisk Is beet done by storing Who mealy sp in large heaps, oaten be takes does WINS witeiret A htw coveting of straw, Ito , to the hasp is still es isememetent to their rate pressrvation. The system of *deg strew, ferns, ta., over stases has bees idready con demned se wean than seam It is different, however, in the amid tiles eel plpo where a little may be kind eer vissable he GOO( the weeer ts lad its way sloag the hen of the solid material to the oak* of the joint. This may sent the !renege in its pressas win, and, by the time that the straw or ether solsfease begerms wood, proper cline esh for the possess ef the were he the j Ant will have been estaklished by tie shrinhisi off formatioa of samaras de•mes is the sobs& I a preparingstoses for rubble drains they should inverisbly be nano on the bins, aster in the deld,end vill kes in the cain. Fat stone sh ould always be moo fur WWII is mo dulo, and it large tuuud wawa empire be reduced t..; a de, 'treble silo and shape, they ought to b ; left out. Toe chteks • gel 111.10 fir Wag a Nth bead, se they • double; the 4 emilladt se skin h de ,eidlll meshed hi de wades of the dab. Th ey be hated of so wdleteered somas as ma be bead. anal, @MANI des* bit It was somewhere observed that the masshis shed' be din the dials by a onefal, trastepneem isailloyad wages ;se else might havelson auMsd, ought the list spading of earth that is tuned hi ft Peer dem. • Thee on ades, es well as pipes, are very pi* dated er Abided. se this Ws. thev have bed Ilesdeleg it the - laying, the retuning the earth ever Alien implied* bedew with *outmost caution sad as dies, ordalmaterheg, egessiseady get a littleo out of plate, they mut be adjusted beim the Shag h pr ended with demise the an ingl4:lo is ash, sehend. They melte be hr made bee, se as to thsm some length SI berths I be a - fall hid ia limodth lame dm the mama* width of the tile ; deal amid M be mei@ Odder thaa it is meal to tasks them. et- pledge arab, the binned ant thereby interr ed ea s apt to be P•dleste leek tie melt not le hs allowed to stead in the way by Who lode to have die endelmbon of sompleh in, au improvement that shall be abodes sad Never put the aria drain into the INek *SM. Ids, bat hasp it at bast Ave yards Whom k ; *ad if h whiled wryestdie dila into a emend draia, let it be be the dope of a osmersa rabble Mese drain, with oemelead out let into the main drain, If the sad levels will admit of sunk. A draft of late will be bags: Is bete reedared @bleeder Wadi.* y the injurious ease of the hedge rests them sty ether kind of drain. It is • dream sense of Wry elpeurrellee that aa outlet of sad dent itself helli dead bad into the died or oaddl within the field Ude drawee ;in whisk saes, ankles the ditch sae he suitably taereeed in depth, the outlet should be car ded under it, and bronglit out at a lower level in the field below, the dud being Neared at Its mopes wader the died waft from the added* of the same by a wooden box or trouts. Tie mamas is often head in at complhhing the drainage of flatly 's' mile , aid should not in such circumstances ite - assiselled to be taken advantage of if available. Outlets sad resin drains require not fitly to be carried under a kedge or bank covered with WM, furze, willows, in which ems the recta the pleats being very apt to ekes up the duet, the utmost premeadseary mantra should be mapoyed to provide whist ogistoward as event. The slops thmegh de beak shedi, V peldble, be decided, and the dust, of whatsoever mated* fawned, should be made spasieem that it may endure the linger before finally dodos up. Tile pipes are the most fitting material for the purpose, bat as these often cannot be bad of saddest des, a very good duet is formed by pla t i ng one li ne o f nab drain tiles on theft backs, sad another in reverse order over the., taking care to fix both firmly in their places. If eon structed of stenos, the beacons should be paved, and the cheeks and covers as clue as can be made. When the end of the duct is exposed to the open aft, stones should be used to form that part; for this reason, that tiles there would suffer from the action of the frost; and this should be observed as a general rule in respect to all drains. If an inlet the attach should be protected by a grating or other means against the admission of articles calculated to obstruct the peasage ; an outlet end Is able to take care of itself, provided attention is paid to keeping a clear initial!. I mould consider the pipes manufactured by the Part liundas Pottery Company, which are made for bring clued at the joint with cement, to be admirably adapted for the p u rposes now spoken of, and that though the cost is greater than when common materials are employed, still I have little doubt that ultimately it will be the lust. A noels smeller duct will suffice at the first, and repairs or re newals will be comparatively unknown. No islet to a currant of water should if poseible be allowed into • drain from the land ; such curies down ithel lodges rubbish in the duet. On this account an open furrow or Barbee damsel ought to be stwEousiy kept flee passing over or along tie coarse of covered deaths as It is scarcely possible to prevent the water from break ing into the latter, which is mash more likely to happen than meet people would be inclined to believe. _ After havieg effected tie drainage of retentive clays, all posehlag of the soil should be stdiously avoids I u formerly, Sr seek very readily destroys any porosity , it pommies, sad prevents the bemelleial maim MO* drains. Dimppointmsat at the result the drainage of such soils we hear very generally caressed, but though from draining the improvement Isere is lees than in more open mils, stile parties have is too many instances thetas. Ins in a great meemtre to blame for it. The proper season for their work. tag must be observed, and whoever overlooks this will find that the money expended in the drainage has bees laid out to little purpose. We ought not to upset too iamb from the improvement, which, particularly on sueb soils, will be found to be in no semi* d e re. proportionate to the treat met mt subseqnsatly bestow on them, and never irrespective of that treatment. Considering drains/4 to be cue of the most important subjects that can possibly engage the attention of mankind, it is of the utmost consequence that the means by which it is to be accomplished should be, not only clearly under ✓eed, but carefully applied in affecting all the severs! details of which its ope dons are constituted. That it is a work attended with great cost is nadoubted, and the only adequate corernestion for this insepa rable and very weighty accompaniment is, that its effects should, as far as poseible, be rendered per manent. It le grievous to be under the necessity of witness ing, day after day, thousands span thousands eipounde, and a waste of human strength proportionate, expended in • manner having, so little regard for this very material and re &mien object ; expended on what must have but • very transient exhumes, and even that so little satisfactory. Yet such is the tacit, as all must admit, who are possessed of observation or have experience on the subject. According to the ordinary pectins, the greater pert of the draining seems executed as if permaneccy were quite disregarded, as it to serve only the present purpose, or at most the puree of but a very limited space of time. New this is much to he deplored ; for, not only does it act as a heavy diaper arconsett to the extension of drainage operations, but, es it requires • larger annual rate of interest, while its efficiency remains, to repay the original cent, such detracts ceasider ably from the profits resulting from the improvement, and forms • heavy additional drawback to its execution. Nor is this all ; an ill-mewed drain se is ever ineficiest, never seaterring the full amount of benefit its better execatiou would have insured ; at no great lapse of time it mom to act altogether after which it is not may masa, lint \ammo positivelyinjurious, on amount of its arming resipisehi for stagnant water that sours the land and renders it in reality wetter than it was before.—.l. Duncan. IRELAND. DUBLIN, JAN. 2. The county of Clare would seem ambitious this year to renew its unenviable eminence. An announcement in the local papers informs us that there are in the county prison nearly 600 inmates, and the old year closed with a murder as foul as any which has of late so stained its annals. On the evening of the 31st of December a man named Fitzgerald. who superin tended the drainage works on Sir David Roche ', pro perty at Bernick, near Ennis, and who had that day been engaged in paying the men employed, to the number of fifty, was standing on the steps leading to the door of hi house, when he was tired at by some person evidently in wait for the purpose. The ball entered his left side, and he almost immediately ex pired. The local papers tell us in addition to these facts that the motives which could s this mur der are not even suspected. Sir David Roche is one of the most popular politicians ; he was a repealer in the south of Ireland, and, better still, he is a good and employing landlord. An Wand occurred yesterday in the corpora doe, which, coupled with a letter of Mr. John O'Con nell, in the Prionan's Journal, would tend to show that all hope and intent of reviving the old agitation for this repeal was not laid aside. Mr. O'Connell is still persuaded that the salvation of the land depends upon the movement which he directed. Alderman Kilian, aprominent follower of the late Mr. O'Con nell, proclaimed yesterda in the corporation, in reply to a Moat from Mr. Wa lker, a town councillor, that repeal was net dead, neither did it sleep. What signs of life it shall manifest we must await with patience. Meantime Mr. O'Connell hex paid his year's anbeerip tion of W. to Coaciliation Hall. Nor is Young Ireland without manifesting sym toms of resuscitation. The IYeeman's Journal pulp. Sallee this morning, " by express," the proceedings consequent upon the inauguration of Dr. Cane, u Mayor of Kilkenny, yesterday. The doctor has not long been released from prison, where he lay under the Habeas Corpus Suspension Mt. He was one of the most prominent of the confederates. The pro medinp were not important or imposing. Bat they show the temper of the time. SCOTLAND. SINGULAR EXPLOSION IN EDINBURGH. On Saturday evening the inNsbitants of the High street, from the Tom Church to Si. were alarmed by the leeml meet embed by ea which Named to shake the Masse desee Is ONE and led te the belief dm same of the temmear bad fallea. The general sgpreheesisns entertained wave of a painful charm ter; whlefi - were net removed when the sensequeness gad roam of the enplesina were mmeihet.' Theasaident eseured la the Higlgalrest, at the had of /11eskfriar'e•wyna, in a realer issmealatety to fronted the peembes eseepleil by Mr. J. Wright, shoe ..shat, sad Mr. 3. Stash, thamattle :.ad the seem of the mamba is at preeent more a matter of ecujestere than of aertaisty. The list Mika dos. of the oetarresse were a load report, el. Lowed by the sadden aphesvieg of the women, some Meow of whisk were thews is the air, end a dame deed of duet, which at first egmeeled the latent of the explodes, partial last es that part el the street was involved ia complete from the entiseities of the gaslights. The Mame of the pavoaest felMsc into the ease, a Imp gulf was feemea is the suest The cellar was in the preemion of Mr. Sleek, sad the faros of the explosion was at one appa rent hem the maser is whisk the arek over the vault, firmed of wahstaatlal inascary, bad been demoliamd. The lastorials. tom/sting et acme, bum, sad rubbish, having Ibeen throws together, • report was merest that some persons had beta busied is the raids, in tentequenee of which a number of labourers were set to work by the flan to dear sway the rabbi*. The operation Win Oillihnhod with greet vigour, to the preemie et • large owed d egeennees, when eeziefg was ot the meet dameription ; gibe thesuplimmtbent mem had bees /moved, It one dtreevered that the megeeture was Wen eml robin wee head either to show that injury had been moored by any one, or to assent for the same of the onlimies. The maps of the pamegers in that busy thereighilms is almost mireeekee. ke, with the en espies elm* alight womb ea the hoe metro& by a wetrion mid a boy who were pea* at the time, m injury was moodemed by the disastrous meat. beyond the Mem *a :Ft The .atone of the mans* blown by the about miessam hot in hug* mad hew tees kiedth. and the ardi of the Whir, *ids a foot et the imam% h i es been destroyed to the same extant. The miler he net bees need far a amber of pm, and the moms le* Mee Es. Steele's was bat cep, in esmegneme. I is odd, et the noxious mud smell whisk ..seeseded feat it. It can lighted • grating plasma to the payment, whisk mem to have been aimed up k • the Min et the a. net; end whether the impthelex has been eseesiesed by the generseisset feel air is the eillar, or by the mews of gm hem the PlPie to *estreet. the only ap parent mode by whisk siseden meld take pim mast have been by this epaskag, and may have preasseled from • lighted piese dryer thrown dewy by same me her light ing his Ora. se by some equally eerie. The i main semis* pip of die lieliabergh h e yis laid the 111 6-MOS. a few het tram W of the Tank, bat two mall service pipes were carried over the arch into the siege of Messrs. Steele and Wright. These pipes were head. Via smaietries, to here been broken by the force it the ememlea. bet the mitrldlie was Imbed) tight; and *seem well of pa was apparent alter the explodes, it peeeeeded7reee the broken pipes laid aeries the azeb,wlish meld net have esmelened the explosico, as the aria ha been thrown the pavement with it. The small whic h - hoc W cellar Inas! diately alter the ex..iselee was of an extremely disagree able cheramee, gnaw to the offensive odour which ' proceeds from esegmen sewers ; and as the gutter runs down the street lansmiately contiguous to the cellar, the probAility le (in the abuses of a scientific inves tigation into the cam) that this explosion had arisen from thok• - damP, ew foul air, generated in the cellar and which had no means V escape. The reports relative to the cause of the aceidest have been num*** and alarming ; and, in patieular, that gunpowder had been the cause of the explo sloe wan a very general °pieties. The investigation already made, however, shows that each a tuojeetnre Is entirely without handed= ; while the recent operations of the Edinburgh and Leith Gas Company also referred to in lay_- ing pipes for a leap on the east side of Blackfriase-wynd, could have had as inhume in the oceurrenee, from the dis tance from the scene of the explesion. The investigation ' which is to be made Into the whole cironeratanoes will aloes satisfy the public, but in the meantime the preceding state ment seems to be the only satisfactory explanation of the oc currence, which it is matter of congratulation, has been comparatively speaking, so limited fa its injurious conse quent... Turn AND SUICIDE Or THE OFFENDII.—On Thursday a mall tin box, containing 4t1., belonging to the North British Railway Company , was carried away from the Edinburgh station. Suspicion having fallen upon one of the servants of the company, who had been observed in the course of the evening to ester one of the covered sheds where his duty did not require hine,tthis place was carefully searched next day, and 381. 10e, found osnesaled behind one of the rafters there. In the coarse of the day the suspected party and others in the employ of the company were questioned in the police-. Ace on the subject. It being, however, impas sible that evening to procure sufficient evidence, the accused were liberated. - Further facts Oleic, transpired the police had orders fee the apprehension of the delinquent, but on seeking his it was found that in the interval he had com mitted suicide. It appears that he had not returned home on Friday evening, and was fouod dead next moving in a fielside d, w him ith a phial containing a small quantity of laudanum ba. WALES. GOLD MINES IN GREAT BRITAIN.—Thu Xinug Journal says : " While we have Amt riean returns of gold mine. is California, and mineral riches abroad, we are well pleased to tied that at home parties do sot loss sight of the precious metal. It is well known thatour metalliferous rocks and kdea yield gold and silver, although, in most instances, too minute to reader them of any onontercial value, and, generally speakiag, being found in the prom It is now sow months since that attention was directed, through our columns, to the modem of gold in Merionethshire; and elthough the question map be open ea to whether the so• vereign is obtained minus or plow the vales, yet the fact has been elucidated that the mineral lodes is North Wales yield gold, a bar of which, weighing !lib. 702., has been placed in our own hands,_ as the product of the Cwmhsuan Mine. near Dolge ll y. The mine is worked for lead, widths lode is represented to us as being' interlaced • with 'trio ge of gold. Some six or seven pounds of the precious metal have been obtained, and the ore at bank will, we are informed, yield at least 200os of gold. COMMISSION DT THE LORD-LIEUTENANT OF GLANOKOANSIIIIIII.—C. J. K. Tyner, Rsq , to be Colonel in the Royal Glamorgan Light Infantry Battalion of Militia. PROVINCIAL. _ LAWCURIZE. Merino. SONYA TEE BANKER; have lateri, from their place of Winer at Manchester, • MB cuter. I. which they say : We that It right to inform you that we have reseed to tee! me beak. ere at llembaseer, from ths 25th Des. Met The Waimea hitherto maenad *by us will be eostianed by our Mr. ?Award Loyd, Pm, la eoouoseks whit Mr. William Entwine, Mr. theory Bury, sod Mr. Thema A. Aerial's our somessors, under to. sew Be. of " Loyd, Winne. Bury, sad Jervis." We gladly avail earseivis of this op =to MOM our esellen s grateful thro acknowledgment' of the manor= ad se which, ugh a Dog e ras; we ham osptelemed ben the nen Greta end the inhabit mos et lissabairat W Me sod we trust %bosomsMYdeammeßsmt will be uslowfol to seg mamma, la wise properninoproorsrity we shall soya Nei the meet lively la tossA,—B • en. 41. _ faithful amnia, W. Joao' lams, Si Co.— Klag-street, Moosisr, Dee. 27, ISM. "MT DEAR ML SMITH 1"-At the Liverpool polioe court, on Manley, Edward Forrest was charged with hay. lug attempted to rob a gentleman in the street. A police officer stated that on Saturday night, about eleven o clock, be ober reed the prisoner loitering in sad about Lime.street. He kept his eye upon Mm, and saw him open a gentleman's cost, no doubt with an intent to rob him. As no great ens' • chief, however, accrued, he allowed this to parr, but watched his further movements, and saw him teaks up to another gentleman, crag him " Mr. Smith," m U en old and boomWeald. which salutation the gramma spiritedly rs padiated.—The gentleman so called ' Smith " being sworn, mid that the officer was quite right. The prisoner came up to him la the most familiar and affectionate manner imaginable, soddealy embracing him in his arms, and exclaiming, "My dear Mr. Smith ! My dear Mr. Smith ! How de. lighted ant Ito see you! I have been looking for you for a long ti ne, and am eo glad to see you I" The witams, steak lag him off as brat he could, exclaimed with an oath, called up by the *lmage familiarity of the sudden salutation, " Mr. Smith! I am net Mr. Smith I mid von most leave me alms !" Upon this the officer immediately went up, and spored **prisoner, who was recognised in court as having heffin as.. apt to claim over-Woody a c quaintan c e with ',adonis in the streets_, with a hankering love for the con mw sett* 'satin. The complainast said that he had Used wales from his penes, the prisoner not having had time, teem Ws own rebuf f and the pollasofiker's mrivity, to SOSOISZIi anything in the " professional" way. It She prisoser had been In custody en tie 18. h :ro mll a e easpielea of similar practices, but was discharged (with a warning), fee want of sufficient evidence. As he had got nothing, he would be punished only as a roans, and was sent by Mr. Redden for three maths to hard labour in the geaL WA" PRIZE FIGHTERS AND M•OlitrisTffe.—At the riir mingbam policy-office, on Saturday last, three men named Samuel Sudbury, Charles Richards, and Edward Price, were brought up for examination, charged with riot, under the circumcise= which will be fouad in the following state mint:—C. B. Adderlay, Erq., M. P., who was accompanied by the Rev. Kr. Thompson, rtated that on Tuesday last he received inhematlon that a prise fight was to take place at Kingsbury, is this county, oa which he repaired to the field with tile view of mends' the debt. He felted ajra t number of pumas assembled, and a r kmated the combatants. He Cited himself to l l:re a vats, sad sad called upon the rinser Sudhary amoral times to assist him is preventing the SOL He told Sudbary he was a magistrate, and high constable, and deasanded of him, La the Hearn's name, that he shook amiss in preventing the fight. Sedbury who was on horseback. paid no =tendon to what be said, but rode away, and pared tbreneh two or three fences to avoid him. In the course of the day he afterwards saw the pri soner on the ground. He was quite sere that the prisoner hoard him, and knew what he wanted him to do, Sir lie (Mr. Adder: y) cautioned him, and told him that he would be =- pleat= in any illegal proevedinp that might take place. Soon afterwards two men began to fight, on which he went sip to the goiesser, Charles Richards, who was one of the 11111110111% awl layisg his head upon him, said, yon elm my ' and repeated that he was a aegis pees. men together drew the prisoner NEW from him, upon which he told thou they' IMPS resisting a prisoner from the bands of • ma gpsems, and soon afterwards a riot end great violence naneed.—Vimosist Lifford, who wm on the bench, said it ap parel the principals in the fight were not is custody, and SIB ilreLwin• apprehended ft would be advivalge to remand prisoners upon the priessfetie are mods eat la Mr. Adderleys statement. It was a very important saes, Ind one involving serious oonaegaesess to the panties eon menet in it. There was more than one crime Involved fa the sharp. In the first place, the west ly was unlawful g sad, semedly, one of the highest misdemeanours that could be ormilitted, was that of resistlag a magistrate la the mead= of hie duty. Whenever a person was called upon to assist a magistrate he was bound to do 80. The present charge was a implication of offences, and ft would be the duty of the magistrates to remand the primness until farther evidence wee obtained, sad =PR those who were even more 'silty than thy were shoo! be la the hands of jostles, If however, th e y cou ld lad ball he their appearance, it would be aseepted on their givia i r prop= wire to the Meek of th e parties they inunded to over 11•4111 r that he Might mire the eseessary inquiries. He wished It to be lesser' by rash perm= se the prisonoes, that one of the highest ealedethethenre they Soule amok mu that of resisting a magistrate under each eircuastmages in, the menthe of hie duty.—iir. Alga& said his great desire was, If possible, to reach those perms salted respect able who encouraged prize fights—basked the unfortunate men—and !egad meaty for them, is order that they might make mosey by them. Sudbury was then admitted tb bail, him= in 401. and two sureties in 201. each. Richards said b. thought be wad peen had. Pries wet robreed from atitedy, sad set isobtiod la tb. mated. JENNY LIMA 46110 e. ITT.—A Wait meeting was hal la the Balidlell, Wercester, ea Moaday, the Bishop ef dr &arm i. NM 11.14 k for the purpose of receiving a eseeatenhellea Jaw Lad on the subject of • seaters ',spewed by Ur to be bold I. that city in aid of the heal =lt hay be membered tbat at the late Worcester Festival murk disappsdatmat was expressed that 'easy Liad d set deft it being andanieed that she had sneered late ea swiegsmant with the bishop to attend the =l6Rammer. aboanstmaas over whisk elie had ao geeessiell ber Minim the eagegemat. aged she thesehee east • elegem he 601. towards the hinds of the abseity is WWI el whisk the festival is held, sad so mere as. then& of the mart. To the ramie, of a, however, the Bieber of Wageless isseiveA a leUer • few days days age, wherein a spealeasese am of Junky Lind's services for • seasert ha aid of the Weresetesehbe charities was nude " weer that site (Kale. Lid) was • free agent" The 064 melted she !behest inserese is the city, sad the present wataltiag wee called thumps. The ploosediage were, of aestree, Mindy unanimous. It was resolved to held the seam in the threge•hell plies of the Festival Con certs), whisk the Dees and Myth" lave cared for the pur pose, sad that the prosesdashoold be given to the funds of the Wearier lalreaary, obi of the largest provlaelsl hospi tals in the kingdom A vote et thanks to Jenny Lind for her idled elk wee, of mule, passed ; and the period deed der die eanseet was the Ares week is IP/binary, the day to be lamed by Kele. Lind. It is intended to present a teatime- Kiel to Jassy Liad after the soneart. ----____ COMMISSIONS 111 7 . 1 7 HIS=ORD-LINIITENANT.- Easigu C. Limbs% to be Lieutenant ; N 0. Smith. geat., to be Ensign, is the Beelfmtbite Regiment of Militia. HORSES FOR TEE FRENCH REPUBLIC. = We (Ipswich Express) understand that the government of France has a number of agents in this country purchasing horses suitable for troopers. One agent has bought several in this neighbourhood, and forwarded them for inspection with all possible dispatch. KENT. FORGED BANK or ENGLAND NOTEL—Notwith standing the caution given to the public in the Lamina joarneb some days since, respecting the circulation of spurious Bank of Ragland 61. and 101. note', and the • accurate description given of those forgeries, it sppearsno tar as is yetneeertathed, that at least three 104 notes of that dna/lotion have been passed and detected is Gravesend under the foil swing circumstances:—On the 23rd ult. Mr. Martin, proprietor of the Queen's Arms Tavern, paid into the County Branch Bank in that town a s u m o f ? money, of which a 101. note, purporting to be of the Bank of England, formed a part. Boon after the clerk of the bank examined the note more particularly, and, comparing it with a Bank of Ragland note of the same amount, suspected that it was one of the forgeries alluded to. Whilst deliberating on the subject his brother, a grocer in Windmill -street, came into the bank and paid in some money, amongst which was a 101. note, exactly similar to the other, with the exception of the number. Both notes were then shows to Mr. Ware, the manager, who, as we learn, immediately pronounced them to be fir:wise. Mr. Martin was sent for, and he at once identified the note he paid in, having endorsed on it both the name of the person to whom he had given ten sovereigns in change for it, and his own private mark. This person was at once communicated with, and he stated that he got it on that day frees his brother-in-law, a publican in the town, to procure change for it in gold. Mr. Pittock then awed that be had changed the note be paid into the bank on that morn ing for the same publican. Both notes were, on the Tuesday following, transmitted to London, and presented at the Bank k of England, where they were branded u forgeries, and then brought back to the Oraymead bank, where, on that very day, another 101. note of a similar kind was paid in by Mr. Wionett, grocer, in High-street, who had taken it in the COWSe of business, on t:,e previous Ettardly, from a poulterer in the town. On in ?uiry id, the poulterer said that he had taken the note from heidentical person to whom the other two notes bad been traced. The superintendent of police (Mr. North) was then applied to, and he and the parties above Minded to pro needed to the publican's house. The latter, so it seems, im mediately admitted having sent out two of the notes on Satur day to be changed, and having paid over the other to the poulterer, who had given him the difference in change be tween his demand end the amount of the note. He ac counted for having the notes by stating that he had changed two. of them on Saturday nutmeg for a gentleman who oc casionally came to his house, and whose name he subs* quently mentioned to the police officer. The County Bank, as is stated, on receiving the amount of the notes from each of the parties who paid them into it, returned to each re spectively his note. It is stated that two of the forged notes are as present impounded, awaiting the result of a anununication made to the solicitor of the Bank of England MEX. The GAB QUESTION.—Efforts have been made to induce the Chelauford Gas Company to reduce the present exorbitant price of their gas (Bs. 4d. per 1,000 cubic feet), but as these have been unattended with sumer, some gentle ma have determined upon taking other steps. A meeting was, therefore, held on Tuesday lest, Mr. A. Stokes in the chair, when the chairman said be had been in communica tion with a Gentleman connected with gas establishments, and he had received from him a letter which 11! would read to the meeting, which he thought would show they were justf fled in making the stir upon the subject they had dime. After. he had written to the gentleman referred to, Mr. Toy came down to Cnehnsford, and be (Mr. Stokes) showed him over the tows, and gave him all the information he could relates to the matter ; they had a great deal of eonvenatlsa upon it, and the result wee that Mr. Toy said he would write to him as to the view he took of the mot of establishing new works, and the pries at which gas could be supplied. In consequence this letter was received : Fweitix Foundry, It, Dorriagtoo-street, Chokes=ll, broke, Dec. 20th, ls4s.--Sir —Referring to our convereseis• et o = a relative t 4 the eon sad mums for supplying the sews of with eery I en of spiel= that the wet of ersetleg the nessessey weeks, laying de= wed Ow, he., would be ski= 7,11011. (vol sewn theme= pewedd, and that gee of the bed end pm= gutty dud be needled et ea. ((my firs aottlisele donee= =me het, eo that th e beat seems lon attaining that wedd le the irma teem eta mown, ancesit conseassex peke of /a per thes is= =his het =di be a direst awing et IS per met open the pre sent per the hoc mad would leave • fak b e the sassulesture. to be divided saweget the sheitinikee. In the =mud the lenbenelle kind= a company le carry est the abed dews. I will an iedake to meet the mossary week% enbewitee for • large peril= el the espied required of oresthine or osolirlf ), so as se remota the ensiled worlds( of the plwa proem= Walling your reply, I ream/a, yours most Committ es, respeetfally, Atea ce Chel r.—J. Boughton, Fag., Centrum of the Oas erlbrd. Hs (Mr B.) had hlt It Ms duty to do all be amid to pro- mote the object is view, aced after explaining to Mr. Toy what they were now paying end other matters, that gentle man was quite of opinion that the gas could be supplied at 51. the 1,000 teat. He (Mr. 8.) was satefled that as they were now paying Bs. ed., if they could get as good an article stsa. they should bum a great deal more. Tutir object would be to raise the 'nada is sham of small amount, of 61. each, so that thou' who were in the habit of burning gas would soca save it to themselves: and it was intended to call a pub:ie meeting shortly, which he trusted would end in some thisg to their satisfaction.—Mr. Cheat proposed the follow ing ewolution It is the opinion of this meeting that a reamite. should be formed to aoasider the important qua ton affecting the price of gee in Chelmsford, in order that the most oersted and deliberate inviatie scion be given to the subject, sad that the following gentlemen be requested to act as the committer, with power to add to their number— Messrs. Christy, Amery, Wilder, Houghton, Stokes, and Wade."—Mr. Brand seconded the resolution, which was car ried. and the meeting separated. MR. BAILT'S STATUE OF CHIEF-JUSTICE TINDAL.- All doubt as to this work of art finding a restine-place in Chelmsford is now at an end. The committee last week godly settled the arrangement with the artist by binding thenuolvi s to the payment of a cartels amount, at the same time pledging them selvee to assist in raising the remainder of the sum which is necessary to fairly remunerate Mr. Bally for the talent and labour bestowed upon this produc tins. The 'tattle is to be of !worse, three tons of the mate vial, we understand, befits used in the work, and will be doe= ea a pedestal of stone. Mr. Belly visited Chelmsford on Monday, and select= • site in front of the Bair, Hall as mom appropriate for the states ; bat m the soil belongs to the county, the maned= of the megiitrates for a sufficient Mem of ground will be applied for—a request, we have no doubt, they will readily deeds to. _ _ A New MODE OF SWINDLINO.—Before the Col abetter magistrates, on Sattuday, Cl. Shepherd was charged with obtaining money ender tales pretenses from a number of the carriers. It appeared that for some time pest the pri soner had been travelling the country as a servant to a quack doctor, who was represented to h .ve taken up a temporary residence in Colchester, and the trick played was as follows The prisoner went to each of the carriers with a paper packet neatly done up, and directed to attain respectable parties residing at a considerable distance in the country, and at the same mine staung that the packets c uitaised medicine order ed of his master by the parties to whom it wee directed, and who were his employer's patients, he (prisoner) not omitting to add that the carriers were to pay him for the medicine, end charge the pulses for whom it was intended with it, on its arrival at its destination. This bring the practice of the carriers in Many cease, they did not hesitate to comply with th prisoner's request, and all paid him the money; bat en their endeavourtug to deliver the parcels, no such parties mold be found as described upon the packets, the contents of which, it appears, were valuelese.—The prisoner was re manded. A MELODRAMATIC SMUGOLEIL—A few days ago, at the Ply mouthpolise court, Francais Mellending, • French man, was charged with smuggling half a gallon of brandy. It apposred that one of the customs' officers was standing on the quay the night before, and while there the defendant and fonr others cease on shore. The officer, sue •ag Mellend ing, seised him, whereupon, with a melodnaaue start, he plunged a knife into h• bosom, and the " atrium of lit e" poured forth most copiously. The office'r, fearfing that the wounu would be fetal, not to the Frenehman's Ills, Seat to his own mime, tare open the waistcoat of his prhoner and found • bladder whisk bed been full of Wendy,. bat now half emptied of its Contents by the ruthless knife. The bladder was headed over to the tide surveyor, who now produced it. A ghee of the brevity wu peered out, which was tasted by the court and others. The defendant looked at the glass and stated, through an interpreter, that it did not look like hie brandy, and requested the favour of tasting also. The glass was handed to his, and, with a smiling countenance , he plsoed it to his lips, but no sooner had it got there the liquor &appeared with more than usual rapidity, much to the &elopement of those present, and having fiddled it he exclaimed, " Bon ! bon trees /stoma r' The defendant w a ,. hoed 20s. roa Pixmotrra.—The R*v. W. J. 0.1.er. ha, pub i.hed a letter in the Plymouth Herald, gin that the pecans purchased the curpuration at an maw of 0001., 110 W Wei usoempled sad melees, should be applied to the purposes they were latended for—rim., wash-hoeimie ; sad schisms the hots, that there are in Ply mouth awe them 11,000 permits who are livinfr in Oasts rooms, sad who, he the want of each an institution are obliaed to waft, and in wet weethar to dry, th ei r clothes is the same roam ia which they sook, eat, sad sleep. LITERATURE. The Heed-book for Nov Zealots~. The title-page of this book informs the reader that • it ham been compiled by " a late magistrate of the ' cooloey." Pew who are acquainted with the history a( the New Zealand settlements can hesitate in fixing von the grave and reverend senior designated by Nis impomusg title. This ailasion is made simply be- Millie ilk atakka as to amore the public that the work ' seelly smanaine from the pen of one who has resided In the islands and seen much of them, and who has aeon to authartle information. • The New Zealand Hand-book oontains ample and accurate information respecting the general character of the Wands—their soil, climate, &e. ; and respect mg the history of European settlement in them. To theme general notices are added detailed accounts of the past fates, actual position and prospects of the existing settlements: of Wellington, Nelson, and New Plymouth, the company's oldest plantations; of Otago, its most recent colony ; of the go- vernment bantling . at Auckland ; and of the northern settlements by mosiocaries and grog-shop keepers. All are fairly and impartially described, without puffing and without prejudice. Curiously enough . precedence is given to a New Zealand settlement se posse. The first and second chapters of the book are devoted to the "Canterbury set tlement in New Zealand," whi c h ex i s t s as y e t only in the brains and publications of an association in Eng land. The very site of the future settlement is un known; for though the Wairarapa plains have been talked of, the number of cmtle stations established there by Wellington settlers, on leases from the natives render such a settlement as Canterbury is meant to be impoesible in that locality. This is nut the only carious thing connected with prominence given to this projected settlement. To judge by the opening paragraphs the book would appear to have been com piled for the information of those who may intend to join ie But as there can be no statistics of a com munity which does not yet exist, the information it contains of other settlements, where emigrants may Bud countrymen who have already surmounted the first difficulties of colonisation is more likely to attract the readers from than to Canterbury. The portions of the New Zealand territory at pre sent in the act of being settled by Europeans are :- 1. Wellington and New Plymouth, comprising be tween them the whole range of the north coast of Cook's Strait, and extending a considerable way in land, but not to the high central plains of the north island. 2. Nelson, occupying the shores of Blind Bay, at the western extremity of the south coast of Cook's Streit, and extending down the valley of the Wairoa to a bay on the east coast fronting Wellington. 4. Otago, situated nearly midway between the northern and southern extremities of the east coast of the mid dle island. 5. Akaroe, a peninsula half-way between the Waitoa plains and Otago, where the settlers are principally French. 6. Auckland, occupying the south shore and inmost recess of the estuary of the Thames. 8. The northern peninsula, over which are scattered a number of missionary stations, and grog, slop-selling, and lumbering stations. Exclusive of Akaroa, of the character and prospects of which, swing to its foreign population and other wise exmptional position, it is not easy to speak, these settlements may be arranged under tour classes, the characteristics of which are essentially different. The first class comprehends Wellington, Nelson, and New Plymouth, founded under the auspices of the New Zealand Company on nnsectarian principles. The original stolen comprised among them an un wontedly large proportion of the middle classes, possessing more or less capital, and well educated. The proportion of females to males was also greater than has generally been the case in infant settlements. Their numbers, however, have been from time to time recruited by adventurers of colonial origin, and with colonial habits, who found their way thither from the neighbouring Australian colonies. On their first arrival also they found several small straggling settlements of bay-whalers and lumberers is possession, who have been absorbed into the me resider settlements. The colonists from England have imparted a high tone to society, while the nolo nial recruits have inspired them with a good deal of their own hardy, self-dependent, shifty character. Notwithstanding the difficulties which these settle ments have been subjected to by the wayward con duct of government, and the misunderstandings is which, by no fault of their own, they have been involved with the natives, the first impediments have been surmounted:; productive and profit able industry is rapidly developing itself. The emigrant will there find much of the comfort of an old-established society, combined with the comparative facility of acquiring a competence, which is the recommendation of new settlements. The European communities are sufficiently strong to keep their ground against the natives. The straggling settlements of tho northern penin sula constitute the second class. The missionary settlers are probably the majority among the Euro mins; at all events they are the most influentisi. They have become settlers from the necessity of their position, in defiance of the societies who sent them out. The children of missionaries of course required to labour for their bread, and even missionaries have dabbled in agricultural and c.mmercial spe,odation& Their relation to the native tribes differs from that which prevails in the southern settlements. The mis sionaries as protected by, were in some sort dependent on, the chief. ; and the chiefs have not forgotten this in their intercourse with the descendants of it ission arise. The friendly relations established between the natives and these their converters, have enabled a number of purely lay settlers to establish themselves in various places. Some of them are highly respec- table characters—energetic men, with a dash of the outre, as might be anticipated from their voluntarily establishing themselves among sneers. Others are, not exactly the Me of European, or even of Sydney society. The social relations of this part of New Zea land present less attraction to quiet, orderly settlers from the Old World than the Cook's Strait settlements. There is an under-current of jealousy and ill-will be tween the missionary and the purely lay settlers; there are hot polemical contests between the mimics* aries of the church society and the Wesleyan mission aries on the one hand, and the Roman catholic on the other. The native tribes have their old hereditary feuds and friendships, and feuds arising out of the bickering. of their protegls of European race in addi tion. The Governor of New Zealand has but a slender and precarious authority in this strange country; and the Bishop of New Zealand, who has taken upon him to preserve the peace, "sits arbiter, and by decision more involves the fray." Nevertheless, industry and perseverance can here enable a man to obtain a fortune, perhaps more rapidly than in the southern settlements; but he must have a dash of the adven turer in him, and not be particular as to the ameni ties of civilised society, to render life at all toletable. Auckland has a distinct character of its own, and in virtue of that must be classified apart, thus forming class the third. It was troecilry the first governor sent out to keep the coition - lids in order, apparently for the purpose of showing how much better a colony he could make than any he found. It is an artificial hot house plant. The staple of society consi-ts of govern meet emptoyerand aspirants tooffice under government. To these are added a few deserters from the Cook's Strait settlements, a few from the northern peninsula, and a few adventurers from neighbouring colonies. There are undoubtedly men of enterpree and talent among them • but Auckland has been mainly supported by • the p roduce of taxation from the other settlements, and by government grants. The chief branch of in dustry has been government contracts. The specula tive spirit is more developed this that of steady, per severing industry ; and the discovery of mines in the neighbouring islan ds has not checked the speculative spirit. The soil and climate of Auckland are good, and when the population becomes too large to admit of everybody living by jobbing and speculation, the set tlement will flourish. At present it resembles (oohing earthly but a select circle of Downing-street officials and government contractors with their families, sepa rated from all other elements of civilised society, and surrounded by hordes of savages. ! The existing Otago and the prejected Canterbury set dements form the fourth class. Tbey are experiments; endeavotirs to form communities of one religion' faith to the exclusion of all others. Whether such a . .7.--f / --!!.. 5.„ of society can subsist among offshoots from 4 society is questionable. Ftem the P rvximir iold, • .j.* meats, in which men of all creeds are to be • • 4 . ::/::),$-A is ' A isr.