The Express. — London, England, 1846-12-07 00:00:00

%---- ----- . ------------__ __ _ - n OYAL POLHY NIC IN S'f ITUTION.— shnnk from extenduig the electaral 4 :ranchisc to blacks BY PERMISMON.-FROFF.SSOIt e•CIItENBLIN'S in their own states. rON• difkrinf fmn all other silcanem "eta' , "re the " b. This general decay of en il k is lectured on, wit otha th e: Compannds, by Dr. . Ryan, _. , . ., , thr.s . iftsTll, or subsiding of daily, at half-past Throe; and on the Evenings of Mondays, M eines- political elks i es.coce, schi eh is at the present°mo dere, and Fridays. The principle of the XLECTRIC TELEX:RANI meat common to t',e tj li i t _..,l States and the mother dematostrated by Professor hachhoffner. The OxyhYdrogen ele Osamte Microscopes ; the Physimeope ; Diving hiperitrnte ;I e country , "e"", co tell favourably for the American Thithaving View% b 7 " I ' l ' o St"bs 1C•—•44m12"°14 1 ; r '‘e -hp°lll Whigs, siv l .., to be the chief cause of their success. _ ____________----r--- Surely it UM-price. ILSON'S se-Offisa E l SO" extre^ • . ouOit to prompt them to entertain, less -wrr ENGAOMENT of Mr. WILSON at the watt- _. ..ie opinions on the only question in which they LEstreet,SONFEartman..uLlTEßAtYvana._thieClEvitNaTtNt.l.S.,lN,,S.T,.l,l‘.l;elsflucONn,y),,Edwards r ..e enthusiastic, and which unfortunately is prohiition. -,., -ea.ser 9. -- ------'--- 1646 ' at • l.' - .. °lt."' lir. W-*- rQ O ' N — vrill '''' ilve cos. r i .... ~ .diebratta '`.............., is Itts.ri'on the SONGS of SCO 'l,', ND, i n etoding r se i v; o 7 3 l . favourite Songs, and some of the old Ilvads, _pianoforte, Id r. meet to The doors will be opened at balf-e:ast seven, the ente toramme. commence at eight and terminate about ten. 'Mutt, and p . of the to te bad at the institution. 'Received scats 2s. fal.; hodY t. theatre, is 6d. committeeman is not a partner (the Times admits that he is not), and because there is no constituted coin- 1 pany in existence whose r ules ma y determine his 1 liabilities, that the question what these liabilities are is one of fact (as the Court of Exchequer have ruled), not of law (as the Times would make it). It is not for us to lay down the law with the autho ritative voice of judges, much less in the ultra-magis terial tone of authority, with which the Times is accustomed to speak. Seeing, however, that the respons.bilities of provisional committeemen, not being prescribed in any statute, must be regulated by the common law, we believe that its precedents will be found sufficient to show what these responsibilities arc. The position. ',',.; :,;;;; C' s ;:amlttee I:1 aii inchoate rall":7; Company appears amtiigous to that ;.: a club committee. lu the Case of FLEMSNG I'. HECTOR, Lord ARINGER declared, that a tradesman who has supplied goods to a club " cannot recover against a member of the committee, unless he shows that the person making the contract was agent for the de fender, and by him authorised to enter into the con tract in his behalf." In other words, whereas in the case of partnership agency is implied by law, in the case of a club committee the agency must be proved. In the case of an ordinary partnership, parties receiv ing orders or employment are warranted to ass ume that any one partner acts for, and is responsible for, the whole. In the case of definitively constituted com ' panics, they are warranted to assume that any direc tor or manager is entitled to act, and is responsible within the limit of the functions devolved upon him , b the constitution of the company. But neither the - La y wof the land, nor the custom of merchants, has ever attributed such consequences to an engagement to co-operate with others in the formation of a future company. Nay, the decisions of the Courts in the case quoted above, and in the case of TODD r. EstLY, esta blish, that a cloN,ly analogous agreement floes not en tail any such liabilities upon the parties entering into it.• According to this view of the q uestion, the liability of a provisional committ eeman is in each individual ease a question for a jury, to be decided on its own special circumstances. The proper questions for the jury are : whether the defendant authorised the in sertion of his name in the list of the provisional com mittee 9—whether he authorised the managing com mittee or their agents to pledge his credit for the debts of the concern? A failure to prove the affirma tive of the first question will of course exonerate the defendant. Even should it be proved that he gave authority to insert his name in the list, if no evidence be given to show a delegation of authority in addi tion to his consent to become a member of the pro visional committee, the verdict will have to be entered fur the defendant. To prove such delegation, various kinds of evidence of course may be adduced—the pro visions of the deed of settlement, the terms of the pus, &c.: but it requires to be proved. WE are not sorry - to see public attention turned towards Smithfield. ....Though there are matters of sanitary repletion infinitely more • L ;sB,, - 172g than the a'oolition - Of the metr(7l;;:iiiin cattle mart, we trust that the City will renew its efforts for the reit:Seal d this nuisance, unsuccessfully made some thirty years ago, when the bill for displacing theme ket was sup ported by the Corporation and oppo effect bv an incongruous association of private interests, induct inF Bartholomew's Hospital and the cattle salesmen. fhe inhabitants of the immediate vicinity of for are glad to tolerate the nuisanco for the sake of the profits. The district has grown round the market—its taverns appease market hunger; its clothiers appeal to market taste; its bank discounts market bills ; and its hospital receives market acci dents. But the unfortunate inhabitants of the n streets between Islington or Whitechapel, and the scene of Monday's cattle sale, have no web consolation for the annoyance to which they are exposed, from the droves of oxen, sheep, and pigs, which destroy their sleep, and make the neighbourhood dan gerous on Sunday nights. Their us a con venience, hbanceo j w ever, would not justify so serio distur of private interests, as the removal of the accidents market would render necessary. Even the which occur around the market itself from beasts goaded to madness, with the hardening and degrad e.ffects of a weekly scene of unparalleled cruelty, serious as these are, can hardly be considered sufficient grounds for the change. Far greater than the positive evils of the market itself, its cruelties, its confusion, its brutal violence, and its orgies, are those which grow and group themselves round about the arena of these excesses. The slaughter-houses of Warwick lane and Newgate-market must disappear with Smithfield, or Smithfield may remain for its present uses. In these places, lying necessarily close about the market, the business of slaugh tering for the carcass butcher is carried on with unnecessary and mischievous brutality. The places of destruction, which for sanitary considerations should be psculiary airy and sweet, arc most of them disgusting, unventilated dens, often under ground, into which the beasts are tumbled headlong, and where filth, animal remains, and orduie, are allowed to putrify, till they are so many centres of infection. Tho population, living rn daily witness of these barbarous and loath-, some exe cutions, suffer from them not only physi cally but morally. It is a fact well known to the police, that around such places are congre gated the most abandoned of both sexes, and of all ages. And, besides the slaughter-houses, there exist in their neighbourhood many other establishments depending on these, all of them nuisances to a greater or less degree. Preparers of guts, glue, and bone black, tallow melters, bone gatherers and grinders, and all the other callings which convert the spoils of animal death to the uses of the living, find themselves most conveniently situated near the cattle-market and the slaughter-house. Almost all of these manufactures give out unwholesome and disgusting exhal heations. has No man knows what L ondon stinks are, till traversed their chief scat in the Saffron-hl district on a summer's day. And true to the unerring law, vice and misery stick to the skirts of filth and putre- I scence. This connexion is more than an accidental or economical one. It is certainly and positively one of cause and effect. Misery or filth alone may be barren; but once wed them, and vice and crime, hideous twins, are the certain issue. Let us, however, suppose the cattle market of London transported outside the city. The notion will appear to many, perhaps, a wild and chimerical one. We shall be told of failures of similar attempts made by private enterp rise, well directed, yet ruinous to their projectors. at e shall be reminded of the re peated failures of the city efforts for a removal, and even a reform of Smithfield market between 1802 and 1610. Those who recommend the change (the promoters of the company now forming for the establishment of public abattoirs like those of Paris) must be prepared for an opposition fiercer than even private interests usually engender. Fortunately, the city is not very deeply interested. It derives from Smithfield a net revenue of not more than 3,0001. per annum. But the various and nume rous callings bound up with the tremendous meat supply of London, the 200,000 oxen, and 2,000,000 of smaller cattle, which the vast Babyl on y earl y sucks into her absorbing maw, will no doubt be on the alert against a measure, suppos ed to be pre judicial to their interests, in the same proportion as it is favourable to those of the public. Only by the aid of the consumers' will, as embodied in the I louses of Parliament, can sucht, a combination be set at nought. What the strong sense and iron will of NAPOLEON effected in France, when, in 1810, he founded the five great abattoirs of Paris, can only be done amongst us by the strongly-expressed determination of the inhabitants of London distinctly conveyed to the legislature. The advantages of the combination of market, slaughter -house, gut, glue, tallow, similar manufactories, within the same or contiguous areas in the outskirts of London, instead of, as now, in the heart of it, must be great, both economically, physically, and morally. The quality of the meat would be materially improved by the doing away with the brutal goading and beating necessary under the present Smithfield system. A saving would be effected by the juxtaposition of branch establishments now separated by the narrow alleys, which they infect and stifle. Processes, which will never be applied, while these places crouch amidst the ignorance and abomination of their present locali ties, may be carried out, when they group themselves in spacious, neat, well-aired buildings. These pro cesses may have either disinfecting or utilising objects. The application of chemical knowledge to the carcass of a horse in the Parisian erarissape, gives to the body which, with the breath in it, is worth to the slaugh terer some la francs, a value of 60. There is no reason why, under the effects of analogous system, the same gain should not be made in London. It would be long before 400 per cent. is realised out of the atrocities of the knackers' yards. We may, perhaps, return to this subject when the Abattoir Company have published their promised scospectus. orElPPhitrs SOI It k.bb DAN SANT ES.— I PRINCESS'S CONCERT ROO MS, THIS EVENING, Dec. ' 7, and every Monday. A subscriber of Two Guinea* is entiCed to many transfers ble ticket for six n i g hts, to admit a lady and gentle tbe sutweription can COMUICIWX o n any Mon d a y. Single tickets 7s. each. The band consists of the same artistes as attend her Majesty's State Balls and Almack's. Conductor, Mr. Weippert ; leader, Signor Zerbini ; princiixi o l Cori 4.1-Pistons, bir. Handley till.C., Mr. Ore.moment re lo . ' clock. Tickets, Ise., atWeiptiert` Q 21, Soho-an ua________-------- ------ Orr( LECTUB.E Tal: A'l RE, Milton -street, R,J linsbuy-squarc.—A GRAND EVENING CONCERT will take place THIS EVENING, Doc. 7, at the above Theatre, supported bye following diatinvialied Artistes : —Misses A. any M. Williama, Man Thornton, Mies A. Ilineks, Mr. Rafter, Mr. Leffler, Mr. T. Wil liams, Mr. J. V. Collet, and Mr. John Parry.—To commence at half past WM preeisely.-13oxes, 24.; Pit, Is. bil.; Gallery, Is. Mr. Field Iris kindly given up the Theatre this cocaine for the above purpoac. He will continue to give hia Entertainment every Monday and Wednesday evening till furth er ETHIOPIAN SatENAD EltS.-6 r. JAM r;:,' S THEATRE.—The celebrated Ethiopian Serenaders, Pell, Har rington, White, Stanwood, and Gerlll33l, WillAC entertainments last sewn were eo eminently sweeps:al, will hate the honour of resuming their entertainments, at the above theatre, on TUESDAY EVENING, Decemher 15, and of continuing the came every Tesday, Th ursday, and Saturday cveninga, during the Christmas holidays. Full parti culars will be duly announced. Bogie, stalls, and places may be engaged at Mitchell's Royal Library, 31, Old Bond-street, and at the Box Office. -----7 ------- YeEUNI Mr. ALLCB. OI. rs THEArlib. 4...4 PROME NADE CONCERTS.—LASTTURN NIGHT BUT SEVE N.— FIRST APPEARANCR of the wonderful ER FAMlLY.—Pro franune for t-night (Monday, Dee. 7) : Overture , Ruler of the S p irit*; o lka, La Vi o ennolv; Operatic Selection, Lee Ilurr theueraPy. N be Mr. ; Dietin and his Four Bone an the Sax -Ilornii; Waltz, alades Ballad. Mr. sinelair ; Trio, Miseee Rosina and Caroline Tallier on the Harp, and Moo SopliiaTurner on the Violin ; Polka, Victoria-Albert; 1 Diatin't Military Quadrille. Part ll.—OperatieSelecumt, Go , (litho e ; Fantasia, Harp, Mr. FreileriekChatterton ; Voc a l Trio, Hems, U., T., and W. Diatin, " Down ainotut the Dead Men; Quadrille, Meagregor ; 8010 on the Alto Sax-Horn, Mr. 11. Distin ; Overture, Heppe,: Fluale, Tarantella. Conductor, M. Segri; Leaders, Metiers. M wall and Thomas.—Pit, promenade, and Upper Boren , le.; Drees Circle, 2e. ed.; PTIVIIIO BOICS, 10e. &I. sad - 21s. Application to be made at the Box-odlee. YCEU T H EAT it .Ntr. ALLCItOFT'S LA !SEA POLI TAN 13AL MASQUE will take place cat WED NESDAY, December 16, ISM, It being positively the last Nils season. A new orchestra will be erected at thy extremity of the stage, leaving a spacham Etrta, wli , eh will be newly carpeted, the entire theatre will be brilliantly illuminated and ornamented. The oreheatra will COMIS4 of owe hundred lirst-rate artists. For the comfort of the visitors, twelve masters of the cere monies Woe been appointed. Ladies' tickets, 3s. ; gentlemen's ticketa, rd.; Spectators ',dress circle), 45.: Upper buses, 2.e. Gd. ; Gallery, ls. Application for tickets, private boles, and places to be made td the Box-otfLe, and at G 2, pnt-street, and 13, New Bond. stre-t. Doors open at balf-past Nin e ; dancing conirnenes nt Ten. Mr. Sinnonds, of Tavlstock-street, Govent-ganden, is appointed • This view will be found well ' , toted and illustrated in an Appcnilia on the " Liability of Railway Companies " to a Second Edition of ltraom'a " Practical Itules for determining Failing to Actions," Just published. THERE is, we think, a disposition to press too hardly on Lord MAIDSTONE, in reference to a late action against him at the suit of the widow of the notorious CROCKFORD. The establishment of which that person was proprietor had, it is well known, a double character : it was a club, conducted on ordi nary club principles, to such of its members as chose to use it in that capacity; it was, in addition, a gambling-house to such as were addicted to play. Members who treated it as a club only were, it has always been understood, expected to pay an entrance fee, an annual subscription, and their coffee-room bills; whilst members, out of whose follies or vices its proprietor had the usual high chances of profit, neces sarily attendant on his presidency over the gaming table, were exempt from these petty liabilities. Unfortunately for himself—and herein layhis faults — Lord MAIDsTONE belonged to the latter class of mem bers ; he was not called on by CROCKFORD to pay any entrance fee ; he was not asked by that person for any yearly subscription; on the contrary, he was allowed by that great panderer to the weaknesses, and plunderer of the pockets of the aristocracy, not only to remain un-dunned in these trifling respects for three years, but to dine, and to supply his friends and his mistress with dinners, without any appli cation for payment. Even for some lengthened period after CROCKIORD'S death, Lord MAID STONE appears to have been unmolested on the subject; until, when dropping, it is to be hoped, youthful vices and marrying, an attorney who indemnifies the widow of CROCKFORD against all costs, hoping to receive 10 per cent. (besides costs) in all claims recovered, charges him, writ in hand, for these so-called arrears. To this action his lordship pleaded, that the club in question was a common gambling-house, and that its proprietor, or bis representative, could not, consequently, maintain suit for goods supplied, or subscription due therein. This defence failed, because CaocKsonu's was private, not a common, gambling-house ; and a verdict was returned for the plaintiff, for an amount, however, as we understand, unsatisfactory to the judge. Now we own we cannot see anything dishonour able in this plea, for the action was obviously an attempt—a successful attempt—on the part of CROCK FORD'S widow and her attorney, to obtain from Lord Mat tisvoN E a sum of money, which it was the practice of her husband to receive payment for by other means ; which, in point of fact, her husband never claimed and which, in all probability, never would have been claimed by him, had he been now alive. Whatever Mrs.CROCKFORD and her family may now be, their ample fortunes have been extracted from the vices of such young men as Lord MAID STONE ; and those vices were encouraged and fostered by her husband and their father keeping a club, in which such liabilities, as she is now enforcing, were conveniently and profitably overlooked. Under these circumstances, it certainly does appear to us that Lord MAIDSTONE had some right to resist this claim ; and as the only mode in which he could defend the action was by pleading as he did, the plea was, we think, not so unjustifiable. Of Lord MAIDSTONE we know nothing, save that he is the son of one of the most bigoted peers in the country ; and that, in a moment of personal triumph, such as it was, he sadly disappointed his party by giving up the pursuit of politics for an unworthy career of pleasure and dissipation. But of the late CROCKFORD, in common with the rest of the world, we do know a great deal ; and not the least of our knowledge is that he started the magnificent estab lishment in St. James's-street for the purpose of plun dering youthful folly: and having succeeded to an extent unparalleled in this country, his widow is now endeavouring still further to pluck the pigeons her husband winged. Such seem to us the facts disclosed by the cause of " Crockford r. Lord Maidstone." AFTER ten days hard hitting at the Court of Ex chequer for its assumed errors and assumed inconsis tencies in laying down the liabilities of provisional committeemen, the Times condescended on Saturday to explain what it believes to be the sound law of the subject. The Times has thus furnished the pub lic with a standard whereby to estimate the nature of its upon the law of the learned Barons. According as its own law is sound or the reverse, will its condemnation of theirs deserve attention or disre gard. Here is the Times's ratio deeidendi : Where a person either originally of own mere motion, or through the solicitation of others, publishes his name in a prospectus, or in newspaper advertisements, or in any other manner, so that the fact of publication is traced, or miy be inferred to have enure, to the knowledge of a creditor, subsequently performs work or supplies goods to the order of the secretary - , or of any other officer o f the company, ei person whose name is so published with his own consent to liable for the goods so furnished or the work performed; and it matters not that the person sued has taken no active part in the transactions of the company, or that he had no voice in the appointment of the secretary, or was wholly ignorant of the order given ; for his liability reas solely upon the ground of his having held himself out to the world as a person responsible for the necessary contracts of the company." Really this is begging the question. It is assumed that by writing himself down provisional committee man, the party holds himself out to the world as a person responsible far the necessary contracts of the company. Of what company ? There' is no company in existence. The character of prorisional committeeman determines and ceases when the company comes into existence. The office of the provisional committeeman is to bring it into existence. If there were a partnership or a company, the liabilities of the provisional committee man would be known and definite : they would be in the former case those which, at common law, attach to all partners; in the latter what the statute, or charter, or act of agreement constituting the company determines. It is precisely because the provisional The Madrid journals and correspondence of the 28th and 29th were received in Fares on Friday and Saturday. The Spanish ministry continues to entertain full confidence of a large majority in the Cortes. The advices from Lisbon, received by Madrid, dated 22nd November, say that Marshal Saldanha was still in sight of Santarem. Viscount de Setubal had received orders to march towards the Tagus and establish his head-quarters there. Lisbon continued tranquil. The news from the north was as usual contradictory. It was said that in the conference which Colonel Wylde had with the Queen, her Majesty declared that the moment was not yet arrived for discussing the question with which he was charged. Some persons affirm that he pro posed publishing a letter signifying his opinion that the disturbances ought to be amicably arranged, but that ho had not an official mission authorising him to negotiate a settlement. The bellige rent parties, meanwhile, persisted in rejecting all compromise. M. 'Monniseho d'Albuqucrque, one of the Palmella ministry was at Santarem, and answered Col. Wylde that the insurrection would only yield upon a ministry being appointed by the Junta at Oporto. The Diariu of the 22nd announces that the guerilla commanded by Count 'falfa had risen at Santarem against their chief, and attempted to assassinate him. King Ferdinand and his two sons had visited Vice- Admiral Parker on board the Hibernia. A letter from Lisbon of the same date is published in El Tiempo, in which it is stated that Count Itomfin and the Brigadier Celestino had effected a junction with Des Antes, the former commanding some incomplete corps of infantry and two hundred horse, and the second with hie bat talions of chasseurs and some divisions of ca valry. Baron Almargen had also arrived at Santarem with the lath Infantry, and another batta lion of the same arms, escorted by six pieces of artil lery, demanded by l)as Antes from the Junta at Oporto. " Everything," says the writer, "indicates the speedy occurrence of a serious engagement. Count Das Antes only waited these reinforcements to commence operations. Viscount Setubal is censured by the government for letting Bomtin and Celestino Pass." FRANCE. —M. NltetteLer. —The death of M. Michela, announced lately, in most of the paperg, was not that of the historian, hut of his father. A PREMATURE INTERMENT.—Another instance of the danger of precipitate interment has t just taken place at balm, a commune :.near Bordeaux. he wife of a rich farmer, after a short illness, appeared to have expired. The usual visit of the physician to verify the decease took place, and the funeral was proceeded with in the ordinary manner. Two or three hours after the sacristan, in passing near the grave, heard a noise which resembled stifled groans. He hastened to give the alarm, and the coffin was taken up. the unfortunate woman was found to be warm, and gave une quivocal signs of life. It was proposed to take her at once to the village, and employ the ordinary means of resuscitation ; but, through a barbarous prejudice of the place, not a person would consent to open his doors, through the idea that a buried person always brought misfortune on the occupants of any house into which he or sue entered. The poor woman was, in consequence, placed on the board of a wine-press, and there administered to. It would seem that nature was worn out by the lengthened confinement in the coffin, as, aft r a short time, death really supervened. A LABirs LAwsurr.—A somewhat singular case was lately brought before the Tribunal of Commerce. Countess Le Hon gave orders to Eulalie Cecile to embroider sets of muslin curtains, and to make her three pairs of sheets and four chemises of very fine .mbrie, for Ler house at the Rend Point, Champs Elyskes, the Countess fur , nishing the materials, it the value of 1,050 f. Not having been able to get anything back, Dime. Le Hon commenced a suit against Mlle. Cecile, who pleaded that she was no longer Mlle. Cecile, but Mine. Patty. The Countess, therefore, turned her action against M. Patsy, the presumed husband; but this defendant pleaded in bar that was not he who was the husband of the ci-derant Eulalie Cecile, but his brother. After hearing the pleaders for both parties, the ease was sent by the Court before an Artitre liapportrur. BELGIUM.—In consequence of the distress in Belgium, and particularly in the environs of Ghent, Alost, and Audenarde, the influx of mendicants towards Brussels so great that guards are placed at the Porte de Flandro to prevent these unfortunate beings from entering the capital. GERMANY.—We learn from Posen that M. A. de Lipski, a landed proprietor, who took a very active F art in the last diet, and who had been arrested as one of the enders of the revolt. has been set at liberty on account of ill health, but he is prohibited from visiting Posen, or airs' portion of the territory where his property is situated. Wresinski, a student, who was an active person in the revolt. and had therefore been imprisoned at Posen, has also been liberated. 51. Ilatfeld, a French subject, who had published a liberal pamphlet, has been ordered to quit the duchy. The Aix-la-Chapelle Ga:elte, of the 30th ult., states that so great is the distress of the labouring-classes at Berlin that they are compelled to pawn almost everything they possess to procure bread. The crowd is so great at the doors of the pawnbrokers that it has been Lund necessary to place sentinels there to procure order. RUSSIA.—The Universal German CM:Alit , gives the following as the composition of the present Russian ministry :—Minister of the Imperial Ilousehold, General Prince l'olchonski ; Foreign Affairs, Count de Neswelrode ; War, General Prince Tschanitscheff ; Marine, Admiral Prince Mentachoff ; Interior, M. Perowski ; Public In struction, Connt Uwaroff ; Finance, M. Wrontsehenko; Im perial Domains, General Count de Kiselew; Justice, Count Paula. tt The progress of events in Switzerland is not so favourable to the radical party as it was expected by the one and feared by the other party to have been. The elections at Basle have terminateil, and the com position of the constituent assembly is such that each party claims a majority. Nothing will be certainly known until its public deliberations have com menced. The liberal party, however, felicitates itself on the fact that a revision of the constitu tion has already been resolved, and cannot be revoked. At St. Gall a new law has been passed by the catholic party against the fire-corps; at Schaffhausen the revision of the constitution has been rejected by a large majority. A letter published in the Augsburg Guutte having produced an impression that the French government had agreed with those of Venice and Berlin upon the necessity of a speedy intervention in Switzerland. La Presse contradicts this, and says that the moment for an intervention by arms or by diplomacy has not arrived ; that a diplomatic intervention would, under any circumstances, be useless ; it could not hinder the violation of the federal pact, if such violation were contemplated ; and as to military intervention, to be efficacious, it must only be resorted to when the evils of civil war, or the excesses of democracy, have ren dered it apparent to all the friends of peace in Swit zerland, that such a course is desirable, and especially when the internal state of the confederation affords grounds of disquietude to the neighbouring powers. Such are, according to La Presw, the prin cipks which will direct the policy of the French government in regard to Switzerland. The constituent council of Basle assembled for the first time on the Ist inst. M. Frey was elected pre sident, and M. Burkhardt Keller h.overnor ; a commis sion was appointed, composed of eighteen membeiv, to prepare the preliminaries of the proceedings. The Paris journals of Saturday have come to hand. If the twenty millions of people that form the British nation could have had under their eves daily for the last week the twenty journals of Paris which are supposed to speak the sentiments of the French people, the effect would undoubtedly be at once to gratify the national vanity, and awaken strong feel ings of international amity. The candidates for power, and the holders of office, put forward as their strongest claim on the support of the country, their fixed resolution to establish and maintain a durable alliance between France and England as the surest guarantee of the prosperity of France, and the peace of Europe. On other points, affecting dynastic and constitutional questions, internal reform, commercial tariffs, and foreign relations, there is every imagin able division and diversity of opinion, but on this question alone of the English alliance there is the most absolute unanimity ; for the apparent exception presented by the organ of Russia in Paris cannot be admitted as interrupting the harmony on this occa sion. Even the recent assaults of the London journals on the personal proceedings of the King do not induce the dynastic advocacy of this policy. The protest of the Fiend corporation of Cracow - Cabinet on Thursday ; despatched to Vienna. _ to St. Petersburg and Berlin. This diplomatic note differ the English Cabin q, princii most explicit terms, of the three powers article of the treaties the whole ; and that, parties to those treaties, from all the international pose, and an expressed -' THE MODEL INSTITUTION FOR YOUNG CRIMINALS AT METTRAY. The home is one of unvarying kindness and con sideration. The training is laborious, but useful to all the boys, and calculated to develop talents in particular cases, which are duly encouraged. The future employment de pends on the conduct of the boys as they grow up. When they leave Mettray, they are still anxiously looked after by the directors ; and they arc themselves encouraged to look hack upon it as the family to which they still belong. On this last point many pleasing anecdotes are recorded. The distribution of the boys will show the general cha racter of their employments. In May this year, of the 412 present, 276 were on the farm; 31 were in the gardens; 18 were in the wheelwright's shop; 30 nt the blacksmith's ; 14 were makers of wooden shoes, and 12 of leather shoes ; 12 were with the carpenter ; 18 with the tailor ; 6 with the mason; and 3 were sail makers. The last are taught by an old seaman to make and mend the hammocks in which all the boys sleep. He also teaches navigation to them, and to the numerous lads from the coast of Brittany, who look eagerly to the sea service for their future lives. The farm, however, is the grand business of the agricul tural colony of Mettray, as its name implies ; and perhaps the material success of the experiment hes arisen from that of the model farm. This school of good working farm servants, and farm bailiffs, has already produced some im provements in the habits of husbrindmen ' which it is ex pected will, at, no distant day, extend to the husbandry of the country. At the last anniversary, the Count de Gasparin, once Minister of the Home Department, and a skilful agrieultu. rist--the president of the society which protects Mettray, thus described its agricultural progress and prosperity under its very peculiar circumstances : It was difficult at first to organise a great farming-school with young, sickly, and weakly boys, many of whom were meant to remain there too short a time. The institution commenced with only 29 acres of land. All its capital was wanted for the buillings. In this condition of things the society re solved to have more land, and hired therefore 490 acres more land adjacent to the colony, and of mode rate soil, on a long lease, at a yearly rent of 4651. A capital of 2,4001. was indispensable to carry on this farm, and that sum was most liberally advanced by M. Gonin, of Tours, our excellent treasurer. Half this sum is represented by our live stock ; the other half by our crops. We were fortunate in obtaining the services of a skilful land steward, who saw at once that the corn sown was unpromis ing. He, therefore, bought • large quantity of manure fur the laid a- it was, and sowed clover opus it. The result was an extraordinary crop of every kind, which brought in more than 1,6001. He immediately also ploughed up the fellows, and planted them with potatoes, beet root, carrots, and cabbages. This enabled him to add seventy-eight cows to the stock ; and furnished ample food for all of it. " We have, therefore, been able to obtain a good balance sheet, after allowing a handsome salary to our steward. The growl produce of this land, taken in bad condition, was 2,6801., which was pretty well on a rent of 4621. A large proportion of the boys do most of the work of this farm." The whole number are distributed into families of forties, PARIS, DEC. 5. There is no more talk of a change in the ministry. Although the King has no wish to keep M. Guizot, he fears M. 'lhiers, and is convinced that M. Mole, with his well-known character and opinions, would not be able to restore to him the English alliance. The enten mediae should contribtrx to break it off, is I steward, who employs them, cod the chief (tI7 --- L, h % m om al a e sio th u a o t n F ss eanc ,sic e h th it ws w a ili bso a l: co ed rd on l w y it w h and eachthe house goes to o the institution every ennineßl", f ai he ta r i sufficient to prevent him from rzmaining minister interests to adopt a course from which otherwise the I preserving any majority whatever in the Chamber of and are oc curren ces rarely alkyl : he T (l li n cL teoli directors who reside Zee, treaties would have restrained her. Other points of lkputies. There is no belief either in his patriotism founder of the institution, and litlt.e i t e ov i are M. Dentetc, l b; I p nrf the note are to the same purpose as that of Lord Pal- or his energy in the presence of absolute governments. I de (soundles s one of his three ori • a lo m r t e h a e ace firs is t original de Eriiioi, c am colleague, • . c 't mers!on, demonstrating that the measure lately If he has no longer the merit of preserving the Eng- tit it. m f ore. ~, adopted by the northern powers is defensible neither lish alliance, his policy is entirely deprived of sup- i Wall not so fortunate as to meet them, the former on the score of necessity nor right. port. In the crisis just provoked by the northern 1.,,;„ awe to bring himself a party of fresh i nmate ---4 and the latter being f i , e Paragraphs have appeared in various German powers, the French government has a double duty to ever , a most intelligent at Tours. I found, t ic ; 1 journals, declaring that the intended incorporation of perform. If England and France, with that instinct ?erson of the chief secreta sV i i . sti i t ,o ute for them i n t 4; s Cracow had been made known to the French minis- of good senan which nations sometimes show in spite the merits of Mettray is thl'it forms.6llßni'chard. One of try, or to the King, and some of them affirming that of those wlto govern them, tend to unite v(11.12 each are ready to be drafted off to the new g e r t in tr tendents, wh i , an implicit understanding was come to that the ac- other, M. Guizot can no longer remain -, m i n i s t e r ; up in all quarters ;tad its merits are great ind a era ia l ta l quiescence of the three powers to the Spanish mar- for h., would then become an_ obstruction to hundred o ee ffi e ce e rs of re d sz r b e l u er. Blanchard. The dair . -7P i ' rig *e would depend on the conduct of France tn regar'!, 1 finch an union. Oil :Ito other hand, if it be tion to the boys, and is pro fitable. sn 61 1 T Nal o tr ila r li , i , e „ in'ur t, to 'the r, , ...f.r....±:,; rr..!::!..t crazorf. Louis Philippe I t,rees,ary, Sad even urgent, that France should promising, although all whore have seen.ees:c.4---' ,retied and .1. Guizot svere e' to be permitted to make objec- I oppose, to this attempt of the Three Powers, Franc! age aware that th room ennugh fo n : • - gel c ci lions, recusations, and protestations to protect the:a- ' a serious demonstration, M. Gaizot will never meatete tii . so n m .U e b E reed a half ones. 4 h judicious benefactor lies ' RI Y e ; • selves from the assaults of the Opposition, and save have the strength to do so, and cannot be entrusted well managed , contains the prodein' o h us ouse, which is sit dra nk their popularity, but no interference with the 'northern with it. The Minister for Foreign Affairs has frequent The various work-shops make a good gt show. 01600 foil, powers was to be made. conferences with M. d'Arnim and M. d'Appony. lie It is a valuable part of thesystem here to allow o n ~,,,, The National makes an implicit charge against the is losing his time in the worn-out and impossible game to come to the farm to learn agriculture, without Y bein n- c ; government, to which, however, it gives the shape of of trying to detach Austria from the coalition of abso- between e wi t t th m e insti f tution. This forms a satisfictot z y c hi a query, to the effect, that in consequence of the mar- lute government. M. de 'Metternich is both too weak Another exists in their j iety .o at u i s d l the p l oor reformed youths: adminstration of the colony of Algiers it is menaced and too cunning, and will never be brought to contra- bourbood, and in their being senteme r ov r i i ent in the nei g h. with scarcity ; that the house of Rothschild has been diet the design Of Russia, in whose dependence he is. distance. The prison spell is, in fact, most carious in employed to supply it with the necessary provisions ; The King appears to have abandoned the extra- this case; and a happy consequence of the whole man r at i .„ — , and that one of the conditions imposed on him has vagant idea of a congress, which he for a o e f ft th e e b institution is, that a Mettray boy is as m uc h" an emplo yer, as he would have . . 'Nit been that his ships must all touch at Marseilles before moment entertained. We are, however, sorry here com e c f y resh from a l. been avoided had h e going to Algeria ; the object of this manoeuvre being to notice the language used towards him by a This is, indeed, ga o l. success. The price o f a t si , 10 produce fictitious returns of the importation of part of the English press. Louis Philippe has never is said to be unnecessarily foreign corn in France ; and that as part of this project en popular in France. We have never even believed he .has received the contract without competition as in that abiliti which foreigners, ill-informed d in- the most high; bury ithotiyt at form an opinion, ar a t ort visit onlon a poi:t c • - ,,, i t a' minute iection of an establishment, I thin i -nt l W price, Etc.in the followi r capable of ju ging as they are, have had such a titania The radical journals are very indignant at the fur extolling. But certain English papers, such as r :ise enese official l lagree `wing remark, whi c h i h • report made on the subject • , pre s et-• year, by the Marquis de Montperat, with m e: l ~ liberation of the Prince de Berghes, who, it will be the Chronicle and the Globe, raised the wisdom motion of a noticesimlar institution - s , t Blois. a i--.. to the ft.' recollected, was convicted some time ago of forgery.. of the king exceedingly high, when the King of "It must It appears, that instead of being treated as convicts the French accepted or submitted to the po usually are, he has been merely placed in a martian Hey of England ; now, however, that Louis I'hilipe de saute at Auteuil, near Paris, without any other and M. Gnizot disagree with the government, they " that it i.i utterly impossible to found homes fr j.e u ,' — ' 7 ' re, .contri;; o tte d m as i . n te s ta i o or i ci ly as you may, a ith ci a; fur, no hospital was ever helinogf that hospita'., an , c . personal restraint than some limitation to his prome- unsay what they . formerly said. What value can be Now, these juvenile homes are hospitals h ui r rttl i c hf it ' i , lf • nudes in the neighbourhood, and he has lately been attached to so variable a judgment? And what credit easeti minds—as tho others are hospitals fo n : - i si c it, • •••l ''' unconditionally liberated. can be given on the continent to opinions which bear and to cure ignorance, idleness, vagattor.disieg, and 4e vicious habits formed by disttess, is quite as gnu • '-` A splendid entertainment was given on Friday the aspect, as occasion may direct, of praise or blame. Pa to night to M. Guizot, at the Hotel of Foreign Affairs, The arrivals of foreign corn have begun to cause a soc ( i j e s t er at ms la s rl u e si as to cute fevers." to the Bey of Tunis and his suite, at which a concert fall in the price of bread. The people will be reported to be m o oe ns e , ece af e te e r ie t i h e e el gene l r , a ,i l . i plan of Mease, n , was performed by the artists of the Grand Opera,under tranquillized by this, and the disorders which have near Maoon. This last deserves one :OA ' of ' note t the direction of Auber, the celebrated composer of occurred in some towns will probably not recur. The sake of a most important point. it receives au 1 ,..„ Masaniello, itc. The crowd was enormous, but much financial state of the country is, however, still the !ioungeol of destitute children ; and it haa prowl, ilia ..4 more remarkable for its number than for the rank same, and money continues to be drawn from the o u ld s :r o pl e i i i r ef e le f c o ted children are, the more difficultitic composing it. Of the royal family the Dukes of bank. I believe, however, that the payments required task No such institutionstninot necessary to enter o n o, are suffle!eut which begi I nc Nemours and Montpensier were present ; of the corps to be made in December and January for the Northern At Montbelle also, there •t, is a provision for girls as wilu diplomatique the only Ambassador present was Mar- and Lyons Companies will be made with comparative for boy o re closing this too brief statement, I be; to call IltlAti x s. tinez de la Rosa, the Spanish Ambassador. Lord W. facilit y . If the state of political affairs were more Bef WI. hat seems to be the grand merit I lervey, secretary to Lord Normanbv , cam e in for a settled, business would soon resume its natural course. of all these up l i ft , * few minutes ; the scene is represented by an eye- wit- 0. mdc at home for improving our criminal or our neglen c i population. They will hasten the time for &link resembling a carnival. . trans po r tation, —the greatest crime against pow burn - et ness as a ssembling a review was held in t he Cham p de e ver committed by a powerful state. And itracaei,,' On Saturday Mars, im the presence of the lice of Tunis, at which : say, of all the nations that have ever tes c ,i nc i about 25,000 troops were on 'the ground, brought ' their criminals, we English have done it with the' • reckless disregard of those circumstances likely to aliagi' n' : from all quarters within a radius of twenty leagues its evils. The Russians transport tens of thousand, ..1 sat' ' round Paris. The spectacle was, however, rendered to Siberia, but they send the wives and families afier th abortive by a thick rainy fog, which prevailed through- We have covered a fifth part of the globe liciercdt ,„, out tlw day. without women; and last year—at the very merest tee 1 ('ount Mole was again called to St. Cloud on Thum- our enterprising travellers was discovering a new soil d day, where he is said to have had a very gracious surpassing beauty and inexhaustible fertility, between Svil ney and Port Essington, fur the display of our rolocial tin g i c s—our Colonial Office was planning the dealisg it reception. PAWN D. S.—Three per Cent..., 52 40; Five per Cents., lls 50; new convict colony Four per Cents., 103 60; Belgian Fives, 1140, 991; Ditto, 1842, 101 ; The Gurneys, and the Baptist Noels, whose names in Ditto Two-anil.a..Hidf, 551 ; Naples heats , 103 SO; Boman Loan, lest ; 'Rank Sham, 3500. Exchange on London (30 days), 2S 471; recorded among the most honoured victors at Memn, Ditto (90 days), 25 35, 25 321. --- could do sio better a work than to show the British public PARIS, 1).:e. s.—tial : Paris and Orleans, 1257 50; P ar how to apply its principles to British criminals, and lkie4 Rosen, 880; Mignon a e' nd 31arseilles, 880; Strtsbourg and ride, 220 society, in exchange for transportation in all case, and D Aniiens and Boulogne, 410; Weill:aux, 54 SO ; North, an d ; Paris imprisonment in many. The plan of placing out it unit Strasbourg, 482 SO ; Tours and Nantes, 492 50 ; Paris and Lyons, reformed criminals in good service is of extreme impulse!, ;JO 50; Dieppe and Iceanip, 353. and almost new to us. It ought to be studied. An mains part of it is, the minute reports sent by the misteri to tit institution respecting the conduct of their servants. Tow reports have supplied some deeply interesting narratito. Another part of the plan Is kch fails in very well with en , usages is, the supenntendence of the whole thing hya society, which has its public ar.nivcrsary in May, in hil The character of that society, and the sort of interest tile W. the institution, may be inferred from the LAM. o f :p i principal personages at the last anniversary, sad if le committee, with which 1 clone my statement. M. de Salvandy, Minister of Education, in the an; M. de Flavigny, Peer of France, the Secretary; 11. de Gasparin ; M. Delessert, the banker, Treasurer; NI GonX. Deputy ; M. Vernas, Deputy-Governor of the Ban if France; M. Monet, Inspector-General of Peuitestaris; M. Moreau Christoph, do. Prisons ; N. de Toiquenfle Me Due de Caze-Buneo, Director of the Orleans Raked; Hebert, Attorney-General; Alexandre Andreae. as Ita li an, seven years in Spielberg ; M. Guetry ; M. Gustave de Beao mont ; M. d'Echthal, the banker ; the De de Liurowt; Dr. Villenne, and many more. These individuals have completed the work foundelby IL Demetz. The French public and government am ea th point of establishing similar works throughout Free; which form an admirable crown to the philanthropic labesi of the German Von der Eckes, of Dusselthal, and Sera* of Hamburg, and to these of our lamented William Alit.; of Lindfielil, our Lady Byrons ' our Brenton, of Win, ul many more, who will hail this French success with ,darn nun and gratitude. POLAND. The Polish Literary Society at Paris,of which Priam • Czartoryski is president, held its annual meeting whiff thela of November, to commemorate the anniversary of the Pa l revolution. The speech delivered by the prince on the rim sion was listened to with the deepest tuterest by a flamers* auditory. We quote from it the tollou nig extracts: " I refrain from recalling here the causes which demi,* the movement in February of all probability of dam% or success. From the moment it was unalUe to OM the nation with confidence, it could have no other rear than to devote numerous victims to a frightful death, as the rigours of ano less formidable captivity. ()a wasearr. those unheard-of disasters which the darkest marls lions could never have imagined, we were masseur) to admit that the country would pass severe judgmeator those who had so inconsiderately excited such commotion It is painful to draw a picture of the actual sitaatiord Poland from the accounts furbished by terror or malin lence. Nevertheless, I feel that a rigorous duty iimlo,es me the obligation of reproducing here some perilous a of a If any truths arerendered apparent by it, it is d esi rable de they should be known; and no one , neit her the prijatheal nor the powerful, will have cause to resent them. Tar horrible catastrophes in a Polish province, and the esa victory which accompanied them, so far from awakenef , any generosity in our adversarks, have been the moms entailing over the whole extent of Poland an unlimited* crease of insulting severity. Every where the nor is f L ia s suspended or unristly enforced, neither age, nor s virtue prove a shield against the merc iless mearuns of ea triumphant enemies, who, to crown our mbers, afel to repeat that certain Poles blinded by penuo doctrines, have by their fatal lessons, thennelvis newt furious bands to prey upon their country. It is but wow that in our villages hostile voices have been heard to r ` claim that our ancient Polish principles, so fraternal awla Christian, arc no longer obligatory nor sacred, thus erns* the evil passions which abound in the heart of roan. If 3 truth there are Poles who persuaded themselves Jar" pious doctrines, subversive of every social tic, could beer mentarily beneficial to the cause ofliberty, and who throe, that the object would justify the mean:, they eommitaaf fault, the results of which ought to penetrate them deep and bitter repentance. We ought to pity these ao whilst we condo mu them. It is our en emies d w wo hom II!! have unconsciously served ; our enemies, whose rk moralisation and destruction undertaken against s nation they have supported, and the brutal force, imP , I I4 various directions, has turned itself against the eswaa where the hope of reward and impunity seemed ClOf!ftlei, Let us never forget that a population can only be rem!, to the defence of its country by the idea of duty —tbe sr: to some generous sentiment—and not by mere sviilarf material advantages, or the acquisition of such by m orel? After our late deplorable experience, no Pole whosboa continue to promote the application of these same priCtt could plead any excuse for his conduct, and Li. to would have a right to include him in the maledieti'as, bestows en her executioners. Every one of us is ho sed his duty to his country and himself, and at the risk ofbe . 7 drawn into the most criminal acts against our : ll country, to repel these exaggerated doctrines, in a - la''' . real meaning and truth of things disappears beneath the neer and emphasis of generalities. D oc trines mar"' dangerous, but for Poland, fatal. • . The furl which divided Poland amongst themselret, sekamder, in Congress before assembled Europe that this pirtekraft a crime which demanded reparation. But this noble aT it did not save them from the usual consequences of a fault. They have nut faithfully executed t lie tool% signed; they have violated it, and Europe who 'ir`c ed with them, has not resented the violation ; t he y have bo drawn into a series of unjust acts, which, sad to ` a y' ended in seriously . shaking throughout the country a.; toned to their dominion—the very prciple of proV 4 . he moral consequences attached to i t n , S well r as tne re gious principles which were the glory of Poland Tt governments to which we are submitted will same tlayea: to repent that in the execution of a praiseworthy iderd, that of assuring landed property to the peasains—th 7; not employ the equitable form of voluntary affilea a 7..as 'ugly and geaeryn - Irro''' tnimity ; for the apparent exception There is no more talk of a change in the ministry. "We have, therefore, been able to obtain a gooa namnce LIICIIIII/lai uugtawcyucs...-o ••••....--- - organ of Russia In Paris cannot be Although the King has no wish to keep M. Guigot, he sheet, after allowing a handsome salary to our steward . Th e g i ou s principles whichwere th - glory of Pc: a"' - - - erupting the harmony on this occa- fears M. Thiers, and is convinced that M. Mold, with which was pretty well on a rent of 4621. Alarge pro - portion" gross produce of this land, taken in bail condition , was`i,6Bo/ - re tt which we are submittede some drY. b an recent assaults of the London his well-known character and opinions, would not be of the boys do most of the work of this farm." tore p7n in t en th s at n in the execution of a w orthy trlel, fa tc-theFOA ;Lb personal proceedings of the King able to restore to him the English alliance. Tilethat of assuring landed property to the Peann est. ~.; 17 The whole number are . distributed into families of forties, not employ the equitable form of voluntary ar cm _„s I N Le dynastic journals to qualify their cabinet will, therefore, probably open the • 'on. in separate houses, of which there are ten at the institution which the proprietors wo 11 spontaneously a nd geno= policy. Its situation will be difficult. The success which c an al d ied tw i o to o f n ot t 4 h e e r. the French Cabinet against the in- might have been hoped for from the Spanish mar- tors, each charged farni Un . de E r ac hi h m f t a h m e i re ly are two tw a with the management . .d nu tw n ri r tv in o ‘ f P ge - ncow was finally decided on by the tinge, is completely effaced and destroyed by the last o responsible chief, have made the - me n riflces n req ( tiired . for the opub_lich,v,adoe,..- 7 forty boys. These three auperint. ndents of each - family, this vi ) olent measure, aS ids) of - all those whirl[ ; .cued IL . , s e r f " i th rc er b re f fr m ds,tomeetiercortlrthteoirgiavrehtitoraortyhepr:e.,i, (. 4; 40 1 , ;day ; and on the same evening was act of the three powers. Public opinion would pro- mina. It was forwarded, on Friday, bably have passed over the rupture of the entente end besides th • d making in all thirty - six, ti are selected . with the greatest care ; was to loosen the morel tic between the isferions c p lar a : _ and Berlin. as superintendents, they pursue a society, and to substitute fur it the comhale, if M. Guizot had given to the specialcogrseio.oofseparato eLas•room. themselves, m.,rhe u o n re der competent isteiio teach- trust, disunion, and hat stl elrstuudies"?genns of Poland vile t: c note differs from that presen'ed by country in exchange a strong situation, a in , .t, principally in declaring, in the basis of support in Spain, and security' as order by monitors taken from among the boys. Theensienps. ifsorusnedycernttiltz.caPnrusstan T il l eLl.,te'rriterial possesaions in thi4ol, in rate house in which each family lives costs 316/building and nee—the oismpiy'rs of the c•.t'att', the labourers on the ftl o rs; rms, that the recent proceedings regards the Northern Courts ; but all this is They are formed of a ground floor, the workshop are preparing to exact similar gifts as soon as they .. perT e ". .. sowers being a violation. of one more titan he can promise. The attempt de a fi n tt ti n t fir p. et floor, where the forty boys live. favourable opportunity. If, say t hey v ery ti log i ri n, g: r l, lB ° l - 4 i !males of 1815, is a violation of against the independence of Cracow • • -piON es trrefrag- Besides labouring on the farm , and in ro d ak . in h a -n the .t_e vemment took a portion of the . estate* t od h °should they ea ta bi __ eh that, consequently, the powers, ably, that the tranquillity of Europe depends entirely neighbourhood (sometimes b treaties, are henceforward absolved on the good intelligence between France and En 2 artisans ' work: . and besides gstruction contract), n and commonte various e. give re to o the .. fa o n rd ners to of tl: i a f t . pen w' those 'woErhave as yet no pr: of Tnational obligation which they im- land. Everybody is convinced of it here. Th-a-t meats of learning, and in singing, some few of the boys learn gotta n ? T w h i ti s,by a r necessary' consequence of c auses euiden6.: e• linear drawing, and to play on musical instruments. The and no doubt against the will and anticipations °fit:el.:; ' l J it eased elaration, or properly speaking, M. Guizot, after having aided to establish the hatred." .. 1 1 , nrenthte pgsants have *Igo:. On eighty boys at the two form -houses are visited daiLy by the vernments, the sanctity of the right of propertY, tp ii. - . .. . _---_,-------- Intoo. gin MAILS. The overland closed mails, ria Marseilles, tn the Misliterranean, Eyt, a.l, Ceylon, India, Hong Kong, rse., will be made up on the evening af the /th December (thi• day). The mai d for Vigo), Oporto, Lisbmt, Madeira, Cadiz and Gibraltar, will be mae up on the morning of the 17th December ' . TM , e.t India mails, excluding dinne for Mexico, Honduras, and the Havanoah, will be made up on the morning of the 17th December. Thr overland mails for Gibraltar, Malta, Greene, the lonian Islands, Aden, Ceylon, India, Ilong-Kng, and COLA, rin Southampton, t E rfat made up on the evening of the 19th December. The mails for New South Wales, Van Diemen's Land, and New Zealanil will be made up on the evening of the 31st December. United The mails fur Bridal N orth America, BCITOWIA, and the States, will be made up on the eventig of the 341 Junu.ry. The mails for the Brazils, the toner Plate. Mon Vai , o, Pernam buco, Bahia, Mateira, and Buenos Ayres, will Decoh on the evening of the nth January. - - - TO CORRESPONDENTS. We eannot notice, in any way, any canmunicidion that is pent to a. leionmonely ; but thaw) who thane to addrew lip in confidence will And tJleir confidence respected. NEITHERCAN UNDERTAKI, TO RETURN ANY MAN USCHI kS I i ATI. VI Lond K . er enins paper, •. Adrertiam e nts Intended for The Erpr. se, n malt be at the ()eke by Two o'clock on th. , day of publication. . ...... HIGH. WA 178, AT LONDON-Itittl),;?- Tens — Morning, 21 Wu. pest 4; Afternuon, min. rant 1. To-sorrow --Morning 1 Ids. pug 5; Afternoon, 22 alin. p....rt 5. LONDON, MONDAY, DEC. 7. THE domestic politics of the United States have hitherto, notwithstanding much apparent irregulari ties, offered a very good sample of SAM SLICK'S favourite workmanship—a clock. The pendulum of popular opinion, which moved them, has vibrated from I side to side in very regular intervals of time, giving to Whigs and Democrats an equal portion of influence, I and equal length of tenure. In general, the reign of either party lasted through two presidential periods, or eight years, during which those in power contrived to get through their resources, reputation, and popu larity, dying at its termination as of a natural death. Of late years the motion of the pendulum has be come quicker, but apparently not less regular. The lives of American presidents and ministers have dwindled to a far briefer term. Four years seem now the measure of political existence. One year's youth, two years manhood, and another year of declining health and powers, have come to form the brief span of the American statesman. But the other day, we recollect the fiery youth of Mr. POLK, then came the more matured bcarin,g of his manhood. Texas was his juvenile feat, the Oregon his manly achievement, wherein he reached his grand climacteric. Mexico he seems to have undertaken in the diminished vigour of decline. The war savours of caducity, or at least of the apathy of age. And already have commenced the ceremonies and festivities which are to usher in the political birth of his successor. There could not well be a greater contrast than that presented by the elections which preceded and produced Mr. Voiles elevation, and those which are now in prospect. At that time tile country was all aflame for conquest, for annexation, for defying those ambi tious and intermeddling English, who were spiriting Mexico to hold out for Texas, who were about to pur chase California, and who had sent gold to sup port the American Whig cause. Now such reproaches have died away,—" war thoughts have left their places vacant." The slave-breeders have got space enough in Texas, the New England dreamers have been indulged with the realisation of their visions—the empty possession of the Columbia. England has opened her ports to the produce of the Far West ; and, instead of candidates, such as General C %ss, making a merit of their uncompromising anti-Anglicism, they are obliged to conceal it. Michigan itself is turning Vs big. lowa, the remotest of the north-west, and Floridas, ne remotest of the south-east, the electors are Whigs. The pendulum, which struck off to the democratic side after the death of HARRISON, has oscillated back the Whigs under the presidency of PoLx. As disinterested spectators, or rather as observers merely interested in the success of the great trial of free institutions going . on in America, we may have reason to rejoice at seeing democracy not the foolish, headlong, war-loving state, that was prognosticated. But more selfishly regarding events, there is not so much room fur congratulation ; for, after all, parties America seem to succeed each other and to rise to ,ower, chiefly for the sake of putting in practice views, that are hurtful to us. Whigs and Democrats are alike determined to be patriotic at our expense. The Democrats cut off our colonies, annex our allies, and extinguish our markets. Darin three or four years Mr. POLK and his party have been snub bing and robbing, and damaging us, and just nt the moment that we might expect some consolation from him in a diminished tariff, Mr. POLK and the Democrats lose power, and the Whigs threaten to rush into office to make the first fresh use of it in decreeing prohibition and ex cluding our trade. POLK and WEBSTER fight; bat, in fighting, their blows, instead of being dealt to each other, fall upon us. Our foes are less formidable than our friends. POLK menaced us with war, but promised trade. WEBSTER holds forth the olive branch, but closes the book of exchange. Could not the Americans indulge us by the inven tion or formation of a middle party, one that would nei ther swallow up Canada, nor proscribe our comment ? Already, indeed, the war mania has worn out, and hatred to England has ceased to be a political stock in trade. American manufactures have had ample trial, sufficient protection, to test which of them can stand fair competition under moderate duties, and which of them require a fifty per cent. tax on the rest of the population to support them. It is time for a compromise of this kind, and surely a favourable time, when enthusiasm of all kind seems to have died away, and when the electioneering struggle will be much more a personal than a party strife. Even the enthusiasm of the northern., for abolition seems, if not to die away, at lost to diminish, and those who proposed so latetly-te.aforee an equalisation of blacks and whites in the southern states, now o t s.:.wu instead of merit of ti obliged t, In lowa,l the remol The pond side after to the W As dim merely i free in‘ti reason tc headlonE But ma much ro in Amer power, c that an alike d The Di allies, a four yea bing an the mon from h the Dee to rum use of eluding in fight other, 4 than of oromiec branch Coul tion or ther sw Alread hatred in trad trial, stand which of the compn time, ~, away, be me the ei those of Us • THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 7, 1846. - ------ E al bo l * . en t 0011 ,ped find wet ore duty ttct an! wra2 3 hich' , but in NQ e idca B ar •" I rep twoh notcies thib. treaties, ; , 001}ean rt n, ' o ,a, o thl, c c i7u to-. " W" 000 WI rTds .6re i c h nee, its ma e n i o n has r ise that w Dent inisfoi , c uos, Of blindael as to sPr oc e, enlight pore able atencY, Ina pu•-- we n ever :u ltiee whip ,„ c h we el 7tieace , the pa lowledge nrioui de o hi 10mself, few w ords position 11.5 a b o a ha' , bow to his but with t lion to tt ena bles us The ( toy" suit two o'elot Saturday usual wal the Duch RETt. , D:401 lieved, fr from the stay at 0 that tier hably pet da" I of bona Tobacc Rust ell of tt took at - t chai it w toge sive, any bou held affoi parl bera bop bou wisl don ;jf; for beei resc thin the and coal at ter del nit/ tat et Lif it R