The Express. — London, England, 1849-07-16 00:00:00

FRANCE. PARIS, SATURDAY. 5i P.M. The else ims be'ng our, the govcrome• t ere cons went irg t.s di,solvo the ns timid guird, as it was pre viuusly s.i,l they intended to d Moniteur of this mornisiceJntains the &liming. The Minister of the Ulterior has addreestd the f lowing mod to the Preside' t of the Republic : Molotov le President—The deplorable events of the 13th June lest, have raised airless disseusi a in the 7'h Legion of the Malarial Oland of ?Atli. A gnat number of ottlem hare eissidered it their duty to reslgei their rank', in the idea that it was impossible r at the legion should not be dis solved and reorganised. The goetrimerit, in feet, considers Seat Semen as isiiipensable, which is called for by con. same award by t`e Chitral Commandant-in-Chief of the Ned , wil Guard. t►e Prefect of the Seine, and the Mayor of the 7th Arras Moistest. Ait organic law os the Netional (hard will besides alsrtly he pessinted to the legislative areahly ; the 7th legion as, t-srraire is a short time be rfreciestitered wider the prold.ioes of that new law. I have, in omsequenee. the honour to beg that you will sp• prove of the annexed deerse.—Aecept, (Signed) J. DcrAt•Rs. The President of the Republic has, on the stove rep wt, ordered the dissolution of the 7th Legion of the National Gnarl of Paris. I Ttrugh M. Thiers did not go to England, he was absent last w.tk. The Comtitotionnel rays that he wett to Valenciennes. Whilst rumours are spreading in London papers of this statesmates arrival in Eng land, the French journal., state that M. Guist has lelt Enel and and gone to the Val Richer, his property in the department of Calvados. The town of Alhi, where disturbances lately took place, ha. been dtclorad in a state of sie4c. The Deirots sly.: The resolta of the elections of July have just been seen. la comparing the figures at prescA with those of May 13 and 14, we find: May 13. July 8. Electors ia.cribrd 378 043 3 - 2,800 Voters 281.140 234.088 13offsarres reekossd 273,612 233.901 Thus, 46,552 el, atom who had taken put in the vote of May, abwaised in July. The votes obtained in May by the first eleven candidates seb eted in the Vet of the Union had given a total of 1304,596; in July the eleven candidates of that list had 1,316,873 votes, or 11,277 more than in May. 'This is a smaller number of v3ters. The list of the Union obtaired more votes in July than it had done in May. In May the first c mdidate cliched front the list of the Union, M. Lueen Murat, had obtained 134,825 votes, where], M. Ledru- Rollin, the fir-t candidate chosen from the socialist list, had 130,070. In July, M. Lanjuinsie, the firs• eandtdste eke-ted from the U., ion, obtained 127,556 votes; M. Gmdchaux, the first candidate of the srsialist list, had only 103,802 votes, and is not elected. We have said that the total of the ewes ob•ained at present by the eleven candidates of the Electoral Union was 1,313,873; the eleven candidates of the socialist list who obtained the greatest number of votes only furnish a total of 991,014 votes. 'these two among's give an average of about 120.000 vates for each candidate of the Union, and a little more than 90,000 for each socialist candidate. 'TALI - . ROMAN STATES.—We hive no news from Rome by the usual communication later than the sth instant. It seems that Nlazzini has taken refu4e on board the Bulldog, with Ares:ens and Prince Canino. The English steamer sailed with then to Malta. Tho following proclamation was published at Rome an the 3th : Inhabitants of Rome!—The general commander-in-chief of the French army hoe mimed me governor of your city. I assume this character with the firm intention of second ing insergetically, by ell the sans in my power, the measures alma, taken by the general to secure your tran. quality and protect your persons and your property. I take tie following measures : — Fro nt this iloy-11. Crowds in the greet, are prohibited, and will be dispersed by force. 2. Tue indent will be hiatea at 9 p.m. Circulation in the Preen shall true at half-put 9. At that hour public places shall be closed. 3. The political clubs which, contrary to the proclamation of the General in-C itef, have net yet been closed, shall be so by force, and the proprietors or home hol fan of We plows whne such circles might bs head to eliit. shall be plumed with tits gra itest rigour. 4 livery vi OW or hush sieved to our moldier, or to thaw who are in friend, relabel with them, every impediment laid in the way of provisioning the army, shall be immediately punished in an exemplary way. 6. Physicians and public fanctiona tin alone will be aUewed freely to walk the streets at nigh'. Tb-p mast, weever, be tarnished with a piss signed by the military agitherity, and shall be vs orted from station to station to the place they int. nd to go. Inhabitants el' Rome! you want ceder, I will guarantee it to you. Then who Intend to prolong your emotions, shall find in me as fag-xible severity. Knee. 781 y 6. The General of Monies, ROSTOLAN. The Pope, on rcc-icing the keys of the Portage and San Pant-Tsai° gates of Rome, named a commission that was to proceed to the Eternal Cit 7 to arrange, with MM. do C.:scenes and an .‘ustraan agent, the mode of his retu n to Rome. The French, Belgian, and Spanish ministers have gone also to Rome fur the vine purpose. It is said that an engagement hid taken place in the visinity of Rome, between the Fre.ch and Gari baldi, and had been unfavourable to the later. - -• Th. Constituent Assembly of *me had been dis solved by fore* by the French. The representatives had protested, and declared that the sitting was pro rogue" to an indefinite day. Urea regiments of Roman infantry and one of cavalry had been preserved, the others dissolved. Cernaschi, one of the members of the late commission of barricades, has been arrested by Gen. Oudinot. Ramo has been declared in astate at liar. Admiral Trobouares squadron will remain at Gotta oolong as the French occupy ltline; Admiral Baudin's squa dron was to leave the Isles &Hyena on a cruise. GERMANY. BADEN AND THE PALATINATE.—The fol lowing news has been received at Berlin from Baden by telegraph : "Hawn-QUARTERP, FRIBITRO, itLY 11.—The in surgents withdrew from all points of the valley and the Black Forest two days before oar arrivsl. They retreat in mussy into Switzerland, after bring dis arm- don the border. Only a few division., found furnished with artillery, have turned, robbing and plundering, towards the lake district, where a portion of thtm, emulating to 1,600 men with 16 cannon, entered Radolfzell on the evening of the 8:h. Of the 3rd corr-trarrnee, there was a division yesterday before the place lad nam• i. Tke vanguard wu to enter Wed.hut. Of tho let army corps one detachment will to-day reach LOrrach, and to-morrow a second will follow it to S:hopfheim and the border of Switz erland. Oa the afrernoon of the Bth a second sally was made from Ruta•t, on which occasion a csnsiderable battle took place, and the village of Nie Derbahl was burned down." AUSTRIA.—Our Vienna correspmdent writes as follows : VIENNA, irLY 10. The Emperor is to set out strain to-morrow for the army. It is said that Radetski has set a term for the acceptance of the Austrian conditions by Piedmont, and, in case of renewed rejection, will march on Turin. _ . - There appears in wiener Zeibow a long ordinance concerning the removal of burthens upon land in Bohemia and Moravia. _ Lloyd gives an account of an action at Ile before Venice. The steamer Volcano ran aground on the ' , evening of the 4th, before the beach of Malamoeco, so that during the whole night she could not get afloat, and remained exposed to fire from the fort of Manfrin. Capt. Peat was prudent and ingenious enough not to return the fire of the enemy, causing thereby the Ve netian to believe' the steamer was at a great dis tance, and kept in her fire frombeing too far for her Russ to be effectual, in consequence of which all the balls passed over her. In the morning the Vulcan," began to ply her guns against a strand battery, which she silenced by eight o'clock, but in the meantime had her smoke-funnel and paddle-box shot through. One of her crew was killed, and the captain dangerously wounded by a splinter. The Caatozza was now sent to the succour of the Volcano, and the Venetians get ting wind of the affair, took the occasion to make a little naval demonstration ; so they got up the steam of their three steamers, and these set forth towing a flotilla of smaller craft, armed with guns, till they arrived in the month of the harbour of Malamocco. Here an engagement commenced with the Austrian steamers Cartatone, Dorotea, Vulcan, and Cuanza, which appears to have ended in the retirement of the Venetians, with no results worth mentioning on either side. The west army still remains in the same po.ition on the Danube before Comoro, and head-quarters were on the 9th at Dottie, a smell town to the ssoth east of Nagy-Igmond. The Hungsrian bull• tin re presents the battle of O'Sziity, or Acs, as the Ms trians call it, as a great victory of Georgey, in which 4,000 Russians are reported to have fallen. Percyl has been replaced by Ges. Vetter. In Perlees the Hungarian corps is commended by CA. Kolhnean. An Austrian officer, who arrived in Vienna this day, brought news that detachments of the coil a of Grabbe had occupied Nensohl, Kremnitz, burg, Alteohl, and Schemnits, without meeting with any resistance worth mentioning. The Magyars con tinue to retreat befora the invaders. Gen. Hsynan has published a proclamation an noane:ng that of the ueignats eeetzed upon the Hungarian revenue, those representing one and two florins would shortiy be set in, circulation. They were to be taken at the public offices and by every one at their full value. The Morse Gazette of the 14th instant contains the following interesting cotnmunicstion : It was in the eatable of the 3rl of July that the entrance of the Russians into Debreezin lock place. Solitary Hone point armed bends, who attempted to oppose them, were scattered, and thus on tho 3rd they entered Hadbm a town of the Haidueks, about twelve English milts from De:Detrain. This latter city is a straggling place, quite open, built like a village, and not to be defended. In order to nee the town from destruction, the magistrate appeared in Hadhsz befog the Russian general, sod voluntarily offered to him the sub mission of the town. Ti.n was accepted, security of property and of the person was pramited ti the inhabitants, and then towards evening the Russians entered. The same account says subsequently, without eating an what authority, "In Transylvania, Bem has con centrated at Hermannstadt an army of 36,000 men, in order to attack the Russians." BADEN AND THE RHINE PROVINCES.— Latest news from Carlsruhe is to the 11th inst. . . A report had just arrived, stating that the firing of musketry had been heard in Rastadt on the 10th, by which it would appear that the two h *tile parties were fighting, as they had done once before. Nwhing positive on the subject, however, was known. Rastadt continued to be strictly blockaded. The bombardment (partly with red-hot balls, which bad set several buildings on fire in the town, especially in Chapel-street) has not been renewed with that vio lence that is usually resorted to in extreme cases. The besiegers wish to give the inhabitants, who at the commeacernent of the insurrection were gained over by the insurgents, but who now wish to °flir no further resistance, the opportunity and the time to act energetically in favour of the capitula.ion, in order to mike the unhappy town feel and understand all the calamities of a regular siege; that is, however, what it must come to, it they persist any longer is a useless resistance. SPAIN. MADRID, Jut.: 8. By the mistake of a museum I announced yester day that the Aranjuezhold Bill had painted. To' the surprise of the galleries, the sedate, who had voted every clause in the bill, threw it out wken it wu put to the vote in its totality. The Queen sets out to-morrow for Ls Granja. The annual mass, in honour of national guards who have died in defence of the institutions of the country, took place amidst an immense crowd, in the church of St. Thomas. After the ceremony, they retired to the vestry, where Gezeral San Miguel made a spirit-stirring speech. MADRID, JUL, 10.—Three Mr CelltB., NI pap'?; Fire per Cents., 111 paper. Coupons, 6 mosey. Exharpe as Landon, 50 63. THE EMPEROR OF RUSSIA. Our Berlin correspondent writes on the 12th inst. : I understand from a trustworthy source that the Russian emperor has shown latterly unequivocal symptoms of insanity. His head seems to have been turned by the unexpeted successes of Itutsian arms in Hungary. Aber receiving the despatches which announced the occupation of Ilebreezin by Ceodajeff, the Cair was found dancing about his room in his shirt. It is add that he continued for three whole hours to exhibit in this extravagant way the joy with which the news of so tpick a triumph Lad inspired him. SWITZERLAND.—A letter from Zurich, of the 11th, states that Sigil, the commander of a body of the Baden, insurgent., had consented to enter Swilz erlead with his men, and allow them to be disarmed. COLONIAL. OTAOO SETTLEMENT.—NEW ZEALAND. The followirg graphic and lively sketch of o.agn, the last new British settlement founded in New Zealand, is from the Ofago Newt of December 27. Otago, we may state, is one of the N, w Zealand Compcny'a settle. ments, its port being Port Chalmers, hackie( town Dunedin, and its river Kaufman* " Nine monks ago, sad the pioneers of this settlement commenced what seemed to them then the endless task of clearing ground for their dwellings and gardens. On every side a wilderness of wood, B st, and fern met the eye, divert. Bed here and there with a dismal losklng swamp. Amid toils of uo ordinary kind, and under discouragement. whieh damped the ardour cd sonic of their number, they continued progressisor, and now, instead of seeing one or two solitary houses, with a narrow swampy footpath, the eye is glad dened with a goodly sprinkling of houses, some of wool, sleben of mud and grass ; whilst numerous gardens, well fenced and cleared, and one street, at least, showing its broad track from end to end of the future town, give evidence of the proarent we have made. We hare two hotels, a church, • Khoo], and a wharf, small though it be. We have hut ches, bakers, and stores of all descriptions. We have an Odd Fellows' society, and a cricket club. We have boats plying on the boy and the river, and every outward sign of commercial activity and enterprise. If we want anything at present, it is more capitalists, to aid and increase what has been already so well and spiriteoly begun. Our population is the town alone is nearly .500, including 18 land proprie tors, 20 storekeepers, 24 carpenters, sawyers, dio., and about 100 labourers. At Port Chalmers, Anderton'e Bar, the Half-war Bush. the Taeiri, and Molyneux, we have • popula• floes of about 100, including 161 and proprietors, 9 carpenters, &. „ and 16 shepherds and labourers (rather a small alacunt of labour for the country district, we canfsse; but we ex- I pert to see the reverse of this shortly). For so small a colony our success must seem wonderful to those who do not know the elements which have composed it. With few ex ceptions, every emigrant has worked as if the well being of the society depunded upon himself alone; sobriety, industry, and a determiued perseverance in overaming all obstacles, have been the distinguishing traits of each sad all, finch causes combined must always have produced happy results; but herr, in a new coun!ry, it is nine apparent, and a wider field is open for exertion. To our fellow-colonists we would say, `Continue to work in the way you have begun, and our prosperity and comfort will be substantial and secure.' To capitalists intending to ettai,irate, we would say, ' Come over and help us, and in helping us, you will increase your own a hundred " A correspondent of the News describes the Molyneux or Clutha district as " the southernmost and the most s sten-. live portion of the company's block. It contains one-half of the lands surveyed if we regard quantity, and three-fourths if we regard quality. In feet, this district will be the dis trict par excellence of the Otago settlement. Of the 2,400 rural sections of the whole block, about 1,200 are in this division, and adjoining this district, but beyond the limits of the block, extends a vast tract of open, undulating country, exactly suited for making this part of Now Zealand a second Port Philip. It is impossible for a tract of country of equal extent with this district of the Cloths, to possess greater natural advantages. The soil is every where excel lent ; there are means of easy c.mmunication with every portion of the district. There is a fine, large navigable river, form'ng a natural high road into the interior, and the country is sufficiently wooded. The flit lands adjoining the riven and lakes, where wet, might be easily drained, and would then sup port a large agricultural population. The hi.her undulating downs ere superbly adapted for sheep aad cattle rani. From all I have heard of other parts of New Zealand, I should say this district will become the most valuable and flourishing district in the islands. The want of a harbour, and the bar at the mouth of the river, are looked upon m the great drawbacks of this district ; but the disadvantage of these drawbacks is greatly overrated. There is good and safe anchorage for ships in the bay. There are a few days in the year that boats cannot lead on the beach, and the help of a small steam tug is all that is needed to tow vessels into the river." Tria WILLOW BANK SALE.—This protracted sale cloud on Saturday, after lasting eleven days. The contents of Willow Bank, which was bet in the tusseesion of Mr. Delafield, consisted of furniture of the styfe of Louis XIV. sad Luis XV., and the renaimance of rare old Sevres and Dresden china, ormolu clocks, sculpture and statuary, early Italian browns, valuabie pictures, and a service of plate, weighing 4,000 ounces. Let 914 consisted of a singularly beautiful walkingmtick, composed of horn, with fine agate handl* inlaid with gold. This stick was formerly the pro perty of Stanislaw, King of Poland, and originally cost 200 guineas. It was knocked down for the sum of 101 A suite of drawing-room curtains realised 2951. ; a sofa, lined with (lobelia tapestry, sold for 621. 105. ; and a number of cabinets averaged 60 gumeu each. A clock, a magnificent piece of mechanism, of which pattern there is only one other extant, was purchased for 1121. Several magnificent rues fetched 60 guineas each. An ormolu envelope case, once the pro perty of es Duke of York, inlaid with choice mosaic work. the stones chiefly collected by his royal highness, sold for 231. Oa Saturday the statuary was sold, and the sale concluded, realising nearly 10,0001. THE EXPRISS, MONDAY EVENING, JULY 16, 1849. IF* Court. OSBORNE, SATI.•RDAY.—The /linen and Prince arsiktd surly th;s morning in 0 borne Park. Hie R.yal Hirtinms the Prince of Wales and the y meager members of the royal family yea ked and rade as usual. The Right Roo. H. Ltboucbero arrived at Osborne, yar tenlay afternoon, on a visit to her Majesty and his Royal Highness. There was no other addition to the royal dinner party. SUNDAY, JULY 15 —Tn. Queen and h a Royal Highness walked early this morning in the park; and the Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, and young e r branches of the royal family, walked in the grounds. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester, attended by Lady Georgina ltsthnrat and Col. tit. Hon. A. Liddtll, crossed from Gaport in the Fairy yacht, yesterday afternoon, and arrived at Osborne, ea a visit to liar Majesty and the Prince, about 6 o'clock p.m. The Royal dinner party yesterday included her Royal Highness the Duchess of 01.tneester, Lady Gaoraina Bath urst, Lord Adolphus Fizelarence, the Hon. Col. Liddell, Sir J. Clark, and Mr. Birch. Her Majesty and the Prince, her Royal Highness the Duchess of thoucerer, and the ladies and gentlemen in waiting, attended Divine service this forenoon at Whipping ham church. Sir J. Clark returned to town this afternoon. _ _ Toe Queen will hold a Privy Council on Wednesday after noon, the 18th inst., at her Majesty's manias residence, Os borne, Isle of Wight. A Cabinet Council was held on Saturday at the Foreign-office. The ministers present were Lord John Bus sell, the Marquis of Lansdowne. the B►rt of Minto. Sir George Grey, Viscount Palmerston, Earl Grey, the Chan cello, of the Bacilli quer, Sir Francis B ring, Sir John Hob house, Lard Campbell, the Earl of Carlisle, and the Marquis of Clanriairde._ _ _ . _ Kr. C. k:Nturriy had an interview Lord J. Russell on Saturday. Mr. Jchn Wood had also an interview with his lordship on Saturday, at his official residence in Dawning-street. Despatches were received on Saturday at the Colo nial-office from the G )vern4r of Gibraltar. MARYLEBONE VES CRY. As Awt•vt. DEVYNCI tfloN.—Mr. Beacon, ono of a deputation appointed by a public meeting to support the memorial of the inhabitants ut Oxford-street and Edgware road, praying that the Western Gaeligh: Company be per mitted to light those localities, urge 4 with great earnest ness the proptiety of granting the prayer of the meran nalists; and, in conclusion, sail that unless the Western Oa Company ware allowed to lay down their mains, the curie of Ood would tall upon theta—(great confusion, and cries of " Order, order")—and the eutse of their children would aru•ed them. (Increased confusion, and a univeral cry of " Turn out the deputation.") 31r. BELL moved that the deputation be requested to with draw. The motion wu seconded; and the RV v. Dr. SPRY, the chairman, ordered the withdrawal of the deputation, which order was most releetant:y obeyed. Sir Jassee fiassivrox, Bart, Mr. KIRBY, and other eentlemen, said that the deputation could no: be heard until Mr. Beacon retracted his offensive observations, and recom mended an opportunity being given to that gentleman to do so. The CHAIIIMAN acesidingly ordered their re-adm'ssion, when, ' , Miming Mr Beason he said, You have indulged in language which could not be tolerated, and w hi c h could not benefit yourself or your cause. Will you apologise for it ? Mr. BILACON.—What offensive language have I wed? Perhaps the vestry-e:erk took a note of it; and if so, I wish him to read it. Mr. GRIFFITHS (*nether numb.r q the deputation )—I say Amen to it, he was quite right. (Considerable uproar.) Mr. BIACON.—If I have indulged in ungentlemanly language I am sorry for it, and apologize. Mr. lICLL.—But there is another member of the deputa tion, who said ' Amen' to Mr. Beat m's improper language. He should not be allowed to remain in the boardroom. Mr. TEMPLE—II he a rate-payer ? Mr. GRIFFITHS (very excited)—l would be glad to know the man you let off without paying rates. What Mr. Bea con said was very proper. Earl MANTERS.—ReaIIy such insu:ting language must not tolerated. Turn him out. Mr. ORITFTTHS.—I won't be turned out. (Cries of " Send for the beadle.") The Chairman directed Cotton, the beadle, to remove him, which th ,t officer di I very mildly, but sot without some trouble. _ _ _ Mr. BRACON then proceeded to advocate the memorial in favour of the Western Gas Light Company ; and at the close of hia ...Mem a onsinittee of inquiry was appointed. An application from the Western Gas Light Company for leave to lay down their mains in Ozlotd.strtet and Edgware road Will read.. A large number of the board opposed the application, on the ground that the company had not acted in a straight :inward warner ; and Mr. Carr, seconded by Mr. hi•Evely, mtved that their application be merely ackn3wledged, which was carried nem am. MR. WHISHAW S TELEGRAPHS. Oa Saturday last, an exhibition or the various ma chines used in this country and on the continent, for effect ing an instantaneous transmission of lots Iligence between distant points, took place at the Music Hall, Store-street, Dedfonlyquare. Mr. Whishaw was the exhibitor and illus trator, and explained to a numerous circle of scientific visi tore and others interested in the pr.wireas of the development of mechanioal power, the mode of working of the machines rxhihited, availing himself of the opportunity afforded him to demonstrate the superiority of the plan of telegraphic communication of which he is the invintor, one that at pre sent adopted on the railways of this country. In the system which Mr. Whishaw propose', he endea vours to avoid the defects of the telegr gibs hitherto used in this country. These defects consist in the exposure of the wires (suspended b.tween perishable wooden posts) to snow storms and ightnieg, as also to the mischiefs likely to ensue from tr..ins runaing off the rails, mid to damage from mall eons persons. He takes advantage of the properties of gutta petal, which hu been found to be the most effectual Lon-csnducting substance for coating the electric telegraph wires as yet discovered, and he places the wires underground at • depth of about 2 feet 6 inches. When it is necessary to run them under streets, ha protects them by MOMS of strong clay multitubular pipe*, and when under railways and public roads, with a coating of gutta perch& in eases where it is neces sary to protect the Cutts petal= from the injurious aztion of water, he encloses it in a braiding of yarn, satu rated with tar and coated externally with marine glue. All the instruments used its his system require only one wire, both to give the signals and sing the bell, and hence ecoaomy is effected. In fact, he undertakes to furnish • telegraph on his plan, with instruments and batteries at intervals of ten miles, for a charge of 401. a mile. whereas the cost of laying down the present overground wires is 160/. a DEFEAT OF A NEST OF GAMBLERS.—A sho't time since, a yonng scion of the aristocracy, scarcely of ag -, the nephew of an officer holding a high appointment in her Ma jesty's household, was entrapped into play at one of the West-end clubs by a set of well-dressed sharpers, who, by some means or other, had got acmes to the plecte. The re sult was that he was plundered of all he then pommel, and hills of exchange, to the amount of several hundreds, were extorted from him. These were con'idered "as good as the Bask," from the fear of the exposure of the young gentle man's relatives, nirticularly his nrcle above sanded to. Owing to a dispute among the members of the gang, as to the divisi of the plunder, one of them discicsed to the loser the conspiracy by which he had been defrauded. The voung gentleman was on the eve of taking up some of the his.. when this disclosure was made to him. lie then had the good semi, like the profligate eon, to acknowledge his sins and transgressions to Lis friends, who have forgiven him, sad the transaction being proved of the basest description, they now set the swindlers at defiance, the bills proving to them as waste paper.—Sunday Paper. TESTIMONIAL TO THE LATE LORD G. BENTINCK. —On Saturday afternoon a miring of the trustees of Caven dish-square assembled at the Court House, Moryleboce, for the purpose of considering the plans and proposal to erect a statue, as a testimonial to the memory of the late Lord George Bentinek, M.P., within the enclosure of the ulnae.. Viscount Barrington, M.P., presided. The statue is to be of bronze, of very large dimensions, and it is understood that the plan, as proposed by the testimonial committee, involved the removal of the statue of the Duke of Cumberland, erected in his honour in reference to the battle of Culled's, which now occupies the centre of the enclosure. This was objected to by the trustees, who ultimately passed the follow ing resolutions:—" That the trustees of Cavendish-square do not approve of the site marked out on the plan, as the same would materially interfere with the enclosure. The trustees willingly give their consent to the erection of the statue opening to Holles-street, in a line with the iron railing within the gate, upon two new gates being furnished at the expense of the committee, one on each aide of the statue, and all dilapidations being made good by the committee."— " That Major Beresford be requested to communicate this decision to the committee." By this arrangement, if accepted by the committee, the statue will occupy a commanding posi tion facing towards Oxford-street, and in a similar position to the statue of Mr. Pitt, erected in Hanover square. MURDER OF Two CHILDREN BY THEIR UNCLE AT KNOTTINOLIT.—A most appalling murder has been committed at Knottingley, in the West Riding of York shire. It appears that on Friday last Benjamin Heald, a labourer, about 20 yeses of age, residing with his parents at Knottingley, took two of his brother's children into the garden to walk, and when he wanted them to come cut they refused. He then took up a bottle, and beat out the brains of the little boy, five years old, and then killed the little girl, three years old, by bleating her over the head with a stick. After he had done the deed, he went into the house, and told his mother that he believed he had killed the two children, for he was afraid they would come to want, and should not like to see it. He then left home, and went into the town—his resident* being in the outskirts—and in quired for a surgeon. He was soon taken into custody, but seemed little concerned, as at four o'clock in the afternoon he was sound asleep in bed. The fatally are particularly steady and industrious people, and are an example to the town. The father of the children lost his wife about six months ago, and had, with his two children, gone to reside with his parents. He even now (adds our correspondent) says he eta freely forgive his brother for murdering his children, as none of the family have been more kind and in dulgent to the children than the prisoner. THE ORDNANCE ESTIMATES. The stcond report from the select committee on army and ot (inane*, expenditure, together with the proceedings of the committee, was leaned on SAturday. From it we extract the finding" of the committee on the ot dnatcr estimates. We shall dip into this report at intervals and make further extracts from it. In concluding their report upon the ordnance estimates, your committee desire to f, Bow the course taken in the former report upon the navy, and to bring distinctly under the notice of the Howe of Commons those principles which wall afford the most efforiatt means of controlling the future expenditure of this department. The whole amount to be voted in the crdnanee estimates cannot however be brought under a few general principles. The numbers of the ordnance corps regulate the charge under the first vote, but do not in any great degree influence the amount required under ether votes. It. has been shown that a large portion of the ordnance ex penditure depends upon circumstances over which the ord nance exercises no direct control. The functions of this department are in many cases strictly executive : it meets the demands made upon it for the services of the army and navy; consequently the estimates of the ordnance most tie to a great extent g overned by decisions in those offices to which are eine fial.al the details of our naval and military organisation. Fur these expenses the ordnance cannot be held reeponsible, end any reduction of the *etiolates, as far as regards this par tin of their whole amount, stn oely be effected by the exer eit• of vigilant se moray in other departments, by a more restricted consumption of ordnance stores, and by • revision of the regulations under which these stores are now supplied and maintained. Your committee have called attention to this increased consumption on tht it notice of barrack sup plies under Vote No. 2, and again more particularly in their r-trearke on the manufacturing departments, unoler Votes No 4 and 5. _ Under vote No. I.—The Ordnance Military Cape.—Your committee recommend that the system Practised in regard to the army should be applied to the Ordnance military corps ; namely, that any thanes in the strength of this corps should be officially communicated to the Master General by the Secretary of State, and that the amount of force should he separately brought under the notice of the House of Com mons in a distinct vote submitted for its approval. Under vote No. 2.—Commissariat and Barrack Supplies. —Your committee t eve noticed the increaw d charge to the , public arising from the system recently adopted by the Tres ' eury In regard to the troops is Ireland, although this does not appear in the Ordnance estimates, and they have suit. Rested the expediency of reverting to the mods of supplying the troops previously in use. Under Vote No. 3.—Ordnanceeoffice.—Your committee have not been able to examine into the departments which the commission of 1837 pursed to consolidate. They have stated the causes which have prevented them from enterinz op in the consideration of this ex' etudve field of inquiry during the present melon They have, however, examined int) the cnnstimtion of the Ordniume•office. They are of opinion that the constitution of the office, the division of the subordinate departments, and the mode of transacting busi• near, are capable of considerable improvements, and ought to be revised by the government; hut they have ehetained from proposing any scheme for the future constitution of the ord nance, because they be I ieve that say improvement in the prac tical working of the office can only be effected by the executive government, and by the co•operation of persons familiar with the details of business now transacted by the ordnance. Tour committee als • recommend that the warrant of 1825 should be revised, and that the control of the treasury over all salaries and new appointments should he rendered complete. Vote No. 4.—Ordnance and Barrack Establishments. Tour committee recommend that the number of artificers end workmen in the marufacturing departments, at Wool wich and elsewhere, should be fixed according to the wants of the service in time of peace, and that no addition should be made without the wrieen sanction of the treasury. Your committee recommend that some of the establishment. in the smaller colonies in the West ladies end Canada should be dispensed with ; and they are of opinion that in Canada, with the present improved means of communication by steam and railroads, the cooceo'ra'ion of stores at a smaller number of stations might be sufficient for the supply of the forte to he maintained there. Vote No. 6.—Ordnance Stom. Your committee direct the attente n of the house to Ve large sums expended for these stores. The value of ordnance stores at pees nt in the custody of the department (exclusive of barrack stores) amounts to 6,420,0001. Your committr e cannot pretend to regulate the quantity of any articles which should be kept in store, but they rec ftnmend that the stores should ba made to approximate more nearly to the wants of the service in time of peace. The large sum• at various times expended for the purchase of stores, which are now obs lete, prove the expediency of maintaining a smell stock of the more durable as well as of the perishable artic7ea. The f icilities which this country possesses of obtaining a large supply in the event of an emergency might, is tb, opinion of your com mittee, relieve the ordnance from the nee ssity of keeping so large a stock ; and the more rapid means of con veyance, both by sea and land, which has enabled mercantile establishments to reduce their stock, might in a similar man ner be rendered conducive to public economy. Your cons , mittee recommend *an inquiry into the present system of keeping the store accounts, in reference to which they have received some valuable evidence, a summary of which is to be found under Vote No. 3. The items under Vote No. 6 should be further subdivided ; and it is desirable that the amount annually required for the purchase of timber, of iron oftlnance, and of gunpowder, should be separately stated. Vote No. 7.—Works, Buildings, and Repairs. Your committee ore of opinion that for the future more dirt et re spociibilitv should be enforced in regard to new work., esp.. malty works of defence ; for this purpose they recommend that the written order of the Secretary of State should be obtained before any sum for a new fortification be inserted in the estimates. The resift nsibility of the Treasury is not hereby intended to he removed, but an additi,nel and pre liminary check inter duced. They recommend also that any sum expended on unforeseen servict a, er urgent works, and of which 'parliament has now cognizance, according to pre sent arrangements, should be hereafter stated in the esti mates of the ensuing year, and that the sanction of the Trea sury should be summed to this statement. Under vote No. 8, the scientific vote, your committee suggest the expediency of accelerating the survey of the large towns, w►ich they are informed would facilitate those measure aof improvement required for the health of the in habitants.—July 12, 1849. CORONERS' INQUESTS: S VITEDAT. DESPERATE SLICIDE.—At No. 21, South -terrace, Tharloe square, Brompton, before Mr. 11. M. Wakley, on the body of Isaiah Linwood Vs riey, aged 72, late nr.j .r in the 92u1 Hi,thlanders. Mr. Charles Felix Verity, who n ailed with his father (the deceased), at the house where the Inquest was held, said that the deceased had for some time past been labouring under an urinary complaint, in a mild form, until the beggaring of the week, when, in consequence of the serious nature of the symptoms, the most eminent in the faculty were eallid to his assistance. Being taken much worse than before, and sufferin:. more than he had ever done, on Thursday last witness sent for his father's usual me dical attendant, at about four o'clock in the morn ing, and was looking out of one of the front windows to have immediate notice of his arrival, when he heard a fall in the next room. He ran there instantly, and saw his father lying on his hack on the II 'or, bleeding from a wound in the head, and a duelling pistol lying by his side. Though the pistol could not have been discharged many seconds, the deceased was at that time quite dead.—Mr. Thomas Cahill, surgeon, of No. 7, Alber,terrace, said that he had been attending the deceased, an 4 bed no doubt that he had been driven mad by the excruciating pain of his complaint, which was the most painful to which the humus frame was subject. Witness knew him to be extremely excitable. He was net altogether right In his head. for he had had a sun-stroke while serving in the West Indies, and been subject to vio lent headache and giddiness since.—The jury returned a verdict—" That the deceased shot himself while in an on sound state of mind." EXTRAORDINARY SUICIDE OF A SURVEYOR IN A PUBLIC BATH.—Before Mr. W. Biker, at the Black Horse public-houn Kingsland-road, on the body of Mr. Henry Johnsen, aged 61 years, a surveyor, who destroyed himself under the following circumstances:—William Pamplin, of No. 28, James -street, City-road, said he was a waiter at the Metropolitan Baths, Ashley-erescent, Shoreditch, which had been established for the last 14 years. The deceased was surveyor to the baths, and was also the originator of the plans for building them. On Friday morning last he en tered the bath, looked at witness, without speaking, and then walked up the path towards the door leading into the private bath. The deceased possessed a key, with which he opened the door, and welit in. The door was closed, and witness took no further notice, as he was in the habit of leaving the baths by the back-door. Shortly after 4 o'clock, whom' was informed by one of the bathers that a man was being drowned in the private bath. Wit ness ran to the spot, and saw the deceased floating in the water, apparently dead. He was got out as quick as possible, and laid down upon the stone pavement. He was partially undressed, only having on his shirt, drawers, and stockings. The remainder of his clothes were in the bath box. There was a surveyor's measuring tape fastened tightly round his neck, and the other end of the tape was curiously twisted round his right foot and ankle, so that, when he moved his foot, the tape would increase in tightness round his neck, and, when in the water, the tape would become wet, which would prevent it unloosing itself. Mr. G. ledell, a surgeon, was called in, who pronounced life to be extinct. —Mr. Oeo. Frasier, of Holloway-place, Holloway, a civil engineer, said he had known the deceased for the last sixteen years. He frequently complained of pains in his head, cad, during the last fortnight, witness had observed a change in him ; he ap peared at times very dull and moody. Whims could not account for the act, for the deceased was truly a religious and pious man, and devoted to his family.—The jury, after some conversation, returned a verdict of " Temporary in sanity." THE LATE MR. HORACE SMITH.—Oar obituary of this week contains en announcement whickwill be extremely painful to many of our readers. Mr. Horace Smith died at Tunbridge-wells on Thursday morning. He was a man of a correct taste and the most generous sympathies, a delight ful writer both in verse and prose, a cheerful and wise com panion. and a ism friend. No man had a wider range of admirable and genial qualities ; and far beyond that private circle of which he was the great charm and ornament, his loss will be deeply felt. To those who had the advantage of his friendship, it is irreparable. His health had given way during the last few months, and the end was not unexpected. He was in his 70th year, bat had preserved to the last his love for the enjoyments of :youth, and took part in ill honest mirth with the simplicity and gaiety of a child. The disorder of which he died was ossification of the heart.- lE:Amino. PROGRESS OF THE CHOLERA. The following lug:teats were held in London cn FridaT and Saturday : On Pride, evening, berate Mr. Baker, at the Peirce Albert,' Princes-street. Ilsgeentone, on view of the body of Themes I Cul. y, aged 38, a compositor, who resided in a cottage at the I rear of the Prince Albert, an i who died o! Asi a ti c cholera. I Deceased had been for come time put in a state of destitu tion, and could only obtain occasional employment. Lest Sunday afternoon he took some tea, not hating had any d caner, and soon after he was attack( d with cramp and sickness. The same evening between seven and eight o'clock, he was attended by Mr. Hooper, surgeon, Queen's row, who found him in a state of coliapse, and he died the following enclosing at 10 o'clock. Mr. Hooper stated that ho attributed the cause of the attack to the fact that there were no drains in the street, end that all the filth and refute matter were thrown in tke s t reet. Since the deceased's death he had two other cases, one of which had ti rminsted fatally.—Mr. Ditchner, oae of the in. speetors. said that the neighbourhood altogether WAS in a very bad state from want of drains.—The Foreman (a trus tee of the parish) stated that the commiasione re of sewers had bcen repeatedly written to, and that no attenticn was paid to the state of the perish.—The Coroner ri marked that he saw, from the daily papers, that the sewers commissicn had been noticed in the house. and that he hoped some good would be the consequence.—Fareman In fact, nothing is done, and the pariah pays 90 per cent. more than is laid out upon it.—The Coroner said that he hod repeatedly written to the commissionen, and that he would write to them again. —Verdict, "Death from Asiatic cholera." Before the same coroner, at the Chamberlain's Attar, Noble sreet. Doswell -street, St. Luke's, on view of the body of Rebecca Hopecroft, aged nine years, who lived at No. 6, in the same street, where the died on Tuesday afternoon last, of Asiatic cholera, after twelve hours' illnem. The evidence in this cue showed that there were no drains nor any sewers in the street, the consequence of which was, that there wee a constant accumulation of refuse and decayed ve getable matter, from which there was daily a most nauseous alluvium, which was the source of continued fever. There wee also a very unpleasant smell from the gas factory in Brick-lane. Verdict, " Death from Allelic cholera." The coroner in this case said he should write to the Commis sioners of Sewers, and to the chairman of the Board of Guardigns. Mr. W. Curter also held an inquest en the bodies of Cecilia Wagg and George Wsgg, mother and sou, who lived in Moss.flelos.—Richard 131 said he heed at 3, Welling ton-place, Mosafielde, Vauxhall.walk. The deceased, with his wife and family, lived at their helm. On Thursday the mother was taken ill, and conveyed to the workhouse with her child, who was also suffering from cholera. Witness's wife died of Asiatic cholera the next day, and • young female and child who lived s ith the deceased were ill and taken to the work'nouse.—To the Conner: There is a small hack yard, which, in wet weather, overflowed the privy, and the soil was then allowed to sink into the earth as the only vent, and this caused • meat noxious smell, even in the kitchen, where it ft Jived. They had no weer, except what was fetched from the and at high tides the whole space in front was overflowed, and it remained until it was dried up by the sun. The coroner hop d the board of guardians would interfere in the ease. under the order of the Board of Health, which he rased. Mr. Sayer, the clerk to the guardians, said that should certainly be done. The jury returned • verdict of " ll:e 1 from Asiatic cholera." Woohwiers.—Tois terrible disease does not, fortunately, at present make much progress in the town, though several obstinate eases of diarrhea and Engl sh cholera have die played themselves. One ease only has at present terminated (••ally. A Mr. Greenwood, a poulterer and pork butcher, residing in Church-street, had been to the London markets on Friday morning, and returned home apparently in good health. At 11 o'clock he was seized with magenanteholm, and, notwithstanding the immediate attention of his medical adviser, Mr. Stusrt, he died at 11 s'closk at night, the second stage of the distare lasting just twelve hours. We see not informed of the length of time durint which the premonitory symptoms ex. hibited themselves. It may be remarked that, not withstanding the expose of the state of the town, no steps whatever hare yet bee n taken to abate the evils complained of. Isolated nuisances, however, have been proceeded against, and nn Friday six or seven persons were summoned before the smistratse, charged with allowing privies to flow into the public streets; and in one case a pork-butcher was summoned for allowing a casts of refuse, consisting of blu d, manure, the int sti-es of animals, acd other disgusting sub stances, to remain on his premises, which are situat'd in the central mud most business street iu Woolwich. O wing to an informality, however, in the service if the summons, this and several other casts broke down; and in ethers, although the nuisance had been abated, Mr. Traill inflicted a nominal tine of is. per day for every day the nuisance re mained unabated Aft. r the service cf the summons. Llvettrooh.—From the report of the medical officer, pre sented to the h. alth coo mittee on Friday, it appears that the deaths during the past week doubled ranee than the usual average of this season of the year. 441 deaths had been registered during the put week against 378 in the previous week, end 316 in the week before. The number et deaths from cholera last week amounted to 201, against 179 1 in the previous week, and 119 in the week before. The deaths from bowel complaint* last week were 49, against 28 in the preceding week, and 28 in the week before. HCLL.—According to a statement mode tons last evening, u the result of personal inquiry bye gentleman connected with the medical profession, the number of cholera e-s ain North and South Myton have been 49, of which 20 hove proved fatal. Seven CAWS were re-teetered yesterday and the day before, and, we believe, three or four previously. I t having become known to the authorities of the town that cholera was making extensive promreu, a meeting was con vened et the workhouse last Friday evening, to consider the best measures (or adoption in order to meet the outbrook in ire earliest stages. The fallowing resolution was passed : " That the guardian, be requested to appoint in the localities where they may bs regained, as many erupting as may he considered neeessary for the purpose ot furniehing medicine to pled. s requiring it, who are anp;osea to be infected with cholera." A requisition duly signed having been presented to the governor of the workhouse, be announced that he should call a special meeting of the Ruarcl;sai nn Monday next. The Ea:owing letter Au been addressed to the the mayor :—" Sir,—The Medical Sanitary Society of this b menet beg most respestftely to draw your attention to the letter addressed to you on the 13th July, 1849, suggesting the adoption of certain means for the prevention and treat ment of the Asiatic cholera should it visit this town. We regret to say that the necessity of immediate attention to those recommendations is new become most urgent, as the disease in a most virulent form has appeared in certain dis tricts of this town, and has been fatal in nearly every case.— We are, sir, your obedient seeasnta , signed on beh a lf of the committee, DALT.— Hull Infirmary, July 12, 1849." Butesehte —Several severe cases of diarrt m I, with others of undoubted cholera, having manifested themselves in the pariah of Burolena, some of which have proved fatal, the board of guardians have made arrangements for the medical practitioners of the town to attend gratuitously all persons effected with diarrher 1 or dysentery, who are unable to pay for suitable medical aid. The dirtiest and most neglected parts of the town arc those in which the worst cars have appeared. GIAUCEST/111.—According to the Somerset Gazette, Asia tic cholera has assumed a more mild form in Gloucester during the past week than in the two weeks previonie ; fewer deaths have taken place, and most of the victims were young children. Still, exertiore are continued, both by tha Com mittee of Health and by the bench of magistrates, to carry out entire the important suggestions of Dr. Sutherland. Poowt.—The whole number of fatal cases, from the first breaking out of the disease up to the present time, bas been but 23, and we (Poole Herald) are assured that if medical aid bad been promptly called in, the result of many of these would have been far different. _ _ Bnisrox.—The disease is stili almost wholly confined to the unbe,lo.y and ill-ventilated district of the Rackcay, re specting which some representations have been made to the magistrates and the Cortorathn of the Poor. The number of cases which have occurred during the past week is 57. Of these 10 have recovered sod 23 have died; and, including 3 remaining from last week, there are now 34 patients re maining under treatment. 13 inmates have availed them selves of the refuge offered by the union house, which has been opened in West-street; and as the exirence of this establishment becomes more generally known, we hope the parties resident in the affected localities will avail themselves of the abode here cffered them during the time their own dwellings are rendered morn fit for habitation, and conse quently less liable to the attacks of this terrible visitation. Nos., DIMON.—At this place, a email fishing village, swill population of only 3:io, it is said that 50 persons have lately died of cholera. Wonceerzte.—The lVorcester Herald reports as follows • Since our last there have been some additional cases of cholera in this city; but all have occurred in the dirtiest and most unhealthy localities. Tee total number of cakes has been 21, of which six terminated fatally, and seven remain under treatment. Of the , e,.l4 cases have occurred in Sidbury, three in Copenhagen•street, and four in the Blockhouse. In all tiara localities the air is poismed by noxious gases escapir g in a tree state from depositories of filth; nothing has occurred yet in Worcester to fix a strong epidemical character upon the visitation, end it is possible, looking to the efficient means taken to cope with the disease, that it may be confined to a few isolated spots. Poirremouru.—The Hants Telegraph is grarfied to be able to allay that apprehension and panic which suddenly ' and injuriously lass seized on the public mind, during the last week, in reference to the exislice epidemic. From the exagrerrated statements that hove appeared in the Times, it would be supposed that pestilence was ravaging the town ; whereas the cases of cholera (and these are nit belies( d to be of the Asiatic type) reported are few ; and have cocurred in purlieus where the filthy state of the drains and gutters was likely to breed disease. Added to which oysters which have been vended at 6d. per hundred, and are now extremely unwholesome, have been used as a common diet by the people, and in most casts of d. ath, the cause has been generally traced to the use of such charaoter of food. It is true that diarrhea has displayed Loll in a somewhat virulent manner, for,the most part in dirty courts and alleys, but the general health of the borough is somewhat better than average, as is shown by comparing the number of deaths registered during the last week with that of other week , . As • proof of the present general good health of the coun ties of Hants, Wilts, and Dorset, we mention that of the 8,000 men, under the command of Major-General Lord Frederick Fitz:latent:a, who hu charge of the south-west district, only 31 per cent, of the soldiery are now under me dical charge ; and we are particularly desirous to caution the troops and Royal Marines against the use of oysters, which are now very cheap, being brought from a newly found bank in the Channel, but onsisting of fish which, from the number of layer or Bakes cf lime of which the shells are composed, and from which the age of the fish is judged, must be exceedingly old, tough, an 1 indigestib:e. We re commend everybody to avoid eating them. THE GJvEaNmEsr PLAN OF TRANS POR VATI ON. [Continued.—from the Elsalnerg.'i Revive.] We n tw turn to e.e meand stsge of punishment, the !seri id or compulsory :alone. A year's impaiesnmenr, hew ever severe, ending in simple exoutriation, is not a sag, lent puniciment in the mere aggravated felonies, wi h the slew of either deterring or reforming. It is therefore to be fol lowed up by compulsory labekr for whatever length of time may he requisite to flit up the measure of the sentence. Now it is admitted, in the first place, that, in order to enable prisoners to hear prolonged punishment, :hey must be a-so elated together. Labour ire association seems also to afford the means of miming on an essential part of the process of reformation, wh:ch is in abeyance while the prisoner is in separate co..finem 'at. Moral and religious impreasi. ns may be made, and penitence felt, and good resolutions formed in a cell; but these can only grow or be coafirmed by practice. They must be braced and hardened by ezpoture to actual temptations;—temptations strong enough to IMO'. them, Lot too strong to ov.rpower them. When tee convict is finally set at liberty, his freeeb-m will bring many a &Ili tufty with it, and goed resolutions will yield to strong temptations, unless the cormii nee has been trained, by actual conflict, to overcome weak ones. This peculiar discipline may be be-t applied by a well-administered aystem of asso ciated compulsory labour. Moreover, the profit open com bined labour is so large as to be of importance. Lthour in serration is, of course, of little value. It may be es much as 101. a year, or as little as 2L, according to eircusestauces. Bur, in association, Colonel Jehb considers that the value of each man'. labour, when favourably directed, will bo worth 2s. a day —more than enough to defray the whole current cost of the seta►lishment. For many years our Feel system was as gnat a fai!ure in its attempts at setting prisoners to work in company, es in its attempts at reformation. The buildings were unsuitable, the supervision faulty, the relicious instruction inadequate. the discipline either blindly severe and vindictive, or weakly lenient ; while the prisoners were not subjected to pi evious probation and seclusion. But then, agate, are evils of ad ministration, not of principle. In nearly all Mrs they may be removed ; in many they have already been greatly dimin ished. At Norfolk Island, where evil had reigned more fearfully than on any other spat is the known world, the reduction of the numbers front 2,000 to 600, and the appeint ment of an efficient suptrintendi ut, secured at least oeceney and subordinatico. In Van Diemen's Land, where the pro bationary gangs were little superior to the Nortolk Wend men, similar reforms were introduced with the same effect. When once the annual supply of convicts had been cut off', and the establishments weeded of in. IS ient officers, the changes were followed by a diminution of crave offences, and by order, regularity, and steady rk ; al though, from other causes, m ral improvement could nut be looked for. And, to show what economy there is in any syn, in by which good conduct can he obtained, Sir William Denison was able to reduce his military strength from 1,400 to 630 men, and render a whole regiment available for servffie in India. We have also had experience of the labour of con victs aesc ciated together on board the hulks. This is confessedly the worst part of the whole system. We trust the time is approaching when cleating prisons will be finally abandoned, and cone lets placed tw buildirgs on shore, where individual separation at eight may be Strictly carried into effect, as is now done at Port land. A ship is necessarily a lona prison, and the expense of repairing these old vessels is enormous. At home we have two hulk establiehments—one at Wool ' wich and the other at Portsmouth. In the farmer there are aliout MO men, distributed &ming an old 74-gun ship, two frigates, and a hospital ship ; in the latter there are about 900 men, occupying two seventy-fours and a hospital ship; in addition to which is a hulk appropriated to the recto time of incurable invalids, and fitted to hold 400 men ; so that :altogether there is accommodation for 2,110 con vict., of whom the greater part work in the dockyards. Although we believe that many of the provincial, and even tome of the metropolitan prisons, present pro minent points of a far worse chsracter than are disco verable us the hulks, in respect of damning intercourse and mitigated punishment ; yet, to:a er. at extent, there are evils (Meting in the hulks inseparable from their c nstrue tion ; because the men ale brought into too close contact, and effective supervision by the officers cannot at all times be maittained. The lower gun (leeks and the °Hop decks are Riven up to the prisoner,. A gallery runs fore and aft amidships on each deck, and is divided from the wards or bays by iron bars, forming a serum railing on tithe r side. From these railings to the ship's side ( xtend tie boys, which are separated from each other by bulk-heads, and, in gene ral, e,sch embraces two pert bides. In the day-time the hammocks ate removed, and tables are put up, where the prisoners t uke their meals us messes of about 15 men. Order and decorum are preserve d, and intercourse between the pri contra is perniitted. No great mischief can take place at three times, nor, indeed, is it in the broad light of day, when the officeis' eye is upon them, that they prepare schi meg of villerty ; besides, they are then occupied by external objects. But sleekness brings them comparative security from ob servetion. As the hammocks are slung in the usual man ner to the upper beams, in lines parallel to the gill rite where the warders patrol, throe prisoners alone who are immediately adjacent to the railings can be seen. Night, therefore, is toe time fur mil cetnrounication between then evil spirits, with the invariable and acknowledged effect of mutual deterioration. So trig as separation at night is warning, no discipline can prevcrit this mischief, no school teaching can lessen it, no chapl.in'e preaching can comae e ven it. Happily, the government has announced that this epochs of imprisonment is a temporary tip client ; only to continue until some other system can be ei.teblished free from those objections which, in the hulks, are so patent and so powerful. At Gibraltar there are two hulks, containing about 300 men each, and convict barn.ck on shore containing 300 more—in all 900 men—chiefly em ployed in ordnance and naval works. At Bermuda there are four frigates and a hospital ship, with accommodation for 1750 men employed in the dockyard, and on the fortifi cation,, and other ordnance works. It is, we believe, in contemplation to build a prison use chore scfticient to contain the whole number. When convicts are workfare in dockyards in genes, and accompanied by armed sent. ice, there must necessarily be • waste both of p-wer and time. They cannot well be employed as handicraftsmen, and are chiefly occupied in the removel of heavy weigh's. each re, masts, timbers, and stones But there is an essential difficulty in applyiP g compulsory labour to work which cannot be measured; where it i-, therefore, d .ne by the day, and not by the tack or piton. It is impossible to obtain exertion from &melees in such eases, because there exists no test of their labour, according to which reward can he given or punishment inflicted. The value of their labour when employed on day work ie not therefore much; though probably equal to the eat of their maintenance. Until of late years, the condition of the hulks was a discredit to the country. Owing (to the crowded state of the ships, there was neither separation nor classification—there was no ade quate moral superintendence, the expenditure on moral and ✓eligious instruction being kin than one-ninth of what it is at l'entonville for the same number of men. The work was dull, continuous, and devoid of any s.imulus ; the discipline was ci nducted on the old prineple of appealing to fear only. But a bete:, system has been introduced ; and, though not so gond se it ought to be, and though much remains to be done, a great change has already taken place. ."fhe efforts that fir several yells have been made to im prove the discipline of the convicts employed on the public works at Bermuda and o.braltar, notwithstanding all the disadvantaxes under which they have taken place, have been attended with a degree of euccess sufficient to justify the expectation, that employment of this destript:nn may be come a very useful part of the punishment of the majority of offenders. Already, under the system which h:.l been adored at Gibraltar and Bermuda, notwithstanding the want of proper building*, and the difficulty, under the dis advantage of it sufficient Grace, of applying adequate means of moral instruction, the good order, and the industry of the convicts, have become very remarkable."—Earl Grey to Sir W. Denison, 27th April, 1848. All experit cc , however, of compulsory labour by crimi nals shows—that the attempt to enforce discipline and hard labour by punis!teent alone, leads to a great deteriora'ion in the moral condition of the men, and to an incredibly small quantity of work, and that additional punishment telly in cremes bath eves, Some reward is absolutely necessary as a stimulus ; and, if possible, it should combine immediate gratification with prospective advantage. It was with this view that the meth. dof task work was introduced. Sir G. Grey, in the letter (1817), in which he explained his views upen the whole question, dwelt strongly on the recommen dation and experience of Captain Maconochie and Col:nel Reid, late Governor of Bermuda. A et rtain amount of work was called a day's work; and a scale was care fully framed, according to which a convict might, in one day, by hard work, COW let. one and a half or one and three quarters day's work. He was always obliged to remain the full time upon the ground; but whatever surplus beyond a day's work had been performed was /Aimee to his credit. This extra work went either in diminution of his period of sentence ; or a value was put upon it, and he was allowed to take eut one half or one.th;td in luxuries, such as bread and cheese, sugar, er tobacco. The effect of this apparently trivial regulation is quite extraordinary. It woul 1 be ludicrous, we' e it not deeply painful from the serious consequences, to note the extreme importance attached by the convict officers to the allowance of a little tobacco. The desire of obtaining this luxury bad form ' rly led in Van Diemen's Land, not only to great irregularity and to "en erre-mous amount rf unieh meet," but, in the opinion of Mr. Hampton, the •mp troller General of Convicts, to the conami , sion of the most dreadful crime,. The temptation to indulge in it was "so great as altogether to overpower the fear o eunish ment." The chief difficulties, indeed, at N.efedk Island were fatted to be "the absence of Lope and a strong d sere for tobacco." But by the intro duction of task work this propensity was tuned from the snore into the right channel. with singularly good effect. Sir W. Denison reports that the change was highly setisfac. tory, and telling meet beneficially upon the conduct and discipline of the men. " The amount of work has, in the greater proportion of cases, increased from one-third to one half, and in some has been doubled. It has the very best effects on discipline ; the men are now diligent and EVIIIV all day, and remain at the works every evening as late as the overseen will permit then), r.tnening to the to a'ion by moonlight without a grumble."—Report from Mr. Grant, Jericho Station,' May 18, 1848. Another superintendent, Mr. Lapham, is disappointed with the amount of work ev aded, but adds, that," with respect to the effect of the present tisk-system upon the general cenduct and diseirine of the men, I think it would he difficult fur me to furni,h a too leyourable report ; as, since its adoption, they have assumed a totally different character."—Report from Mr. Willis, Glenorchyroad Station, May 20, 1848. At Bermuda, Captain Nelson, of the Hoye! Engineen,fivieg the results of nearly six years' experience, sayer-0 , The day-work plan amounted to no more than an ex/Pei:neat of how little *old be done for any assigned amount And It was one incessant