The Express. — London, England, 1866-05-03 00:00:00

frIIIRTLE, TURTLE, TURTLE. Clear Thick, and Invalid TURTLE SOUPS Ihrarl read 7. BT. JAVZSR-WIC DRALL, ONA ar.ogyrargg Pri ET. PICCADILLY. Proeto,. IiONDON mg have a SUPPER and MUSIC BOOM tor Gentlemen.—Beeeneber, we weft for you et " AIM" law the CON'S &OM Opera and the Theatres. erprtoo. '°' HATMAMIT. Uptong*. A ROILLNTIC ATTACHMENT. Hamra Com and V. Farm ; Mai AdsCsmndish. —THE FAVORITI OT FORTUNE Won BookatenetChippeadale, and notheen Kra Chippendale, de.—Aad A DALOHTER TO MAXEY. - - PRINCESS'S. THIS Emma, A GHOST IN SPITE OF HINFELF.—After nb leh TILE STAMM OF LONDON. Ileum Vining, T. Mond, D. Yummy, Strom, and ; We. H. MUIIOS, and Mines B. Barnett and Y. Bodeen". - - - - Lt- MIM. Tn. aroma, 81SCPSON AND CO. Messrs. /Lowy & Hon rasa ; Mra MCCIMOIL—An Ves t a. MASTER Of DAVYNSWOOD. wars. Jordan, HCCOMAR. Dnery,Vilddleam Fltsparrick, ; Masdoiles Tornio, IDawarthy, Imam, end C. lIRTIANNIA. MIEN Ma, THE SAILOR'S ma 1.7 as. —Thedcbsses Tunny —CLOUD AND SCNSHINIL Mr. James Anderson—To con- Mth THE DARK KING OF THE LACK MOUNTAIN& Miss Clara St Came, Mm S. Law, en Master L Sanders. HIGH-WATER AT LONDON-BRIDOL TED DAT —Morning, 4h. Om Afternoon, 4h. 17m. To-Momow—Morning, 4h Wm Afternoon, th. 4801 THE BUDGET. A DOUBLE NUMBER OF THE EXPRESS WILL BE PUBLISHED TO-MORROW. Advertisement& intended for insertion to-morrow must be at the office by 1 o'clock. LONDON, THURSDAY, MAY 3. So much depends upon the measure Mr. Vit.- masa has promised to bring before the House, that anxious curiosity concerning its probable pro visions is both natural and praiseworthy. The . . grave abuses proved to exist in the administration of our Poor Laws ; the callous indifference dis- played by one set of functionaries, and the in effective protesta made by another ; the needless hardships and aggravated sufferings of our pau pers, are grievances which call ;aloud for remedy, and the country looks with laudable impatience for the adoption of a system which shall substitute justice for inhumanity, and efficiency for neglect. Mr. KINNAIRD did good service, therefore, on Monday, in again bringing the conduct of the Clerkenwell guardians before the House of Commons, and in asking the PRESIDENT of the POOR-LAW BOARD whether he pro- posed to make all the flagrant misma nagement and neglect, of which these local authorities are prominent types, impossible for the future. This was the real gist of the questions put, and though the official reply was satisfactory in the main, the part of it which referred to Clerkenwefl only meta portion of the charge. Casual wards, apart from this work house, have, it is quite true, been fitted up, and it is fair to hope that the more horrible of the cruelties which have been practised rightly cruelty, deaths through drunken nurses, dew. from improperly aggravated . &seem, deaths from flagrant and wicked neglect,' in our workhouses and among our casual poor. We have had, too, elaborate official inquiries, convictions, exculpir ions, and explanations. Yet, in spite of all the atspoken expressions of public opinion which have followed, matters are left where they were. There is absolutely no guarantee that the abuses we have all shuddered at may not be repeated with impunity until again temporarily put down by the occur rence of another public scandal, and in deference to another spasm of popular indignation. What is urgently required is that our system of adminis tration, and particularly our system of control, should be placed on a satisfactory footing. The public mind was never better prepared for the judicious and dispassionate consideration of this vast subject than now ; and we look with deep interest and reasonable confidence to the author of the Union Chargeability Bill and the Hounslow Poor Act for a proposal which shall partake of the comprehensive and statesmanlike humanity of those measures, and relieve at once the needless sufferings of the poor, and the roused conscience of the country. OUR CONTEMPORARIES. (THIS DAY.) PLACE OR WAR ? - _ Though there are no states, observes the Time..., so bound to be moderate in theirerpectations and cautions in their proceedings as the two foremost in the impending fray ; but though it is eminently their policy to addict themselves to the arts of peace with no more armament than is necessary for self-defence, it cannot be doubted that they are all arming up to the very teeth. Austria professes to be ready to refer all the differences to the Bund ; but she, as well as Prussia, has lately set the Bend at naught, and superseded its most solemn federal act in the matter of the famous Duchies. It is evident, too, that both Austria and Prussia are thinking much more of the political sympathies and the armaments of the several state' in the confederation than of their common judgment. With Prussia on one side, Italy on the other, Hungary within, and France not very far off, Austria cer tainly has the greatest possible reasons for peace, even at a great sacrifice. War must be ruinous in her case, if not ru'n itself, and final dissolution. Her only security or consola tion laths& she inflicts almost equal ruin on her hostile neigh bours. Great as was the want of money, it was the death of man for man that subdued the dwindling forces of the Con federates before the ever-replenished hosts of the Federals. All the European powers before us would fight as long as the mere shadow of credit lasted, or rather on its pre tence, by simply taking what they wanted, and promising to pay. But if that is to be the condition of three Euro pean powers for no one knows how long, simply to decide who shall have the Duchies, or whether Italy shall have her Venice, is it not possible to avert a continental reign of terror by just daring to be moderate and wise! MARRIAGE WITH A DECEASED WIFE'S SISTER. The Tines allows that there being the highest authori ties on both sides, it is impossible to regard the above subject as any other than an open question from a theo logical point of view, but it thinks that from moral and social considerations the arguments in support of the existing law are unanswerable. So long as the present law is upheld, a man is not less able to associate with his wife's sister in his house than with his own ; but render the re lation between them uncertain, and, as Mr. Coleridge put it, no modest marriageable woman would consent to be in a position where she might be regarded as having interested motives, or, still more, in which she might create an em barrassment in the mind of the brother-in-law. In a highly artificial and crowded state of civilisation restric tions on the relations between the sexes become mor: and more necessary ; so much so, that if a high moral standard is to be maintained custom must provide many more re strictions than are enacted by law. The mere fact that a small minority of persons are unable to control their feelings within the customary bounds of society may rather prove the necessity of the law than its injustice. Though most persons would be glad to see the question taken out of the field of parliamentary discussion, it is certainly destined, the Daily New says, to reappear there until some satisfactory settlement can be arrived at. The legal prohibition is sup posed to be based on the Old Testament, on the usage of the Christian church, and on observations drawn from social experience, but these are all too narrow to support the superstructure of the existing law. There is neither unanimity amongst the most accomplished Hebraists an I theologians nor amongst the churches. Such marriages are legal in the protestant countries of the continent and amongst English nonconformists they are of continua l occurrence, the act of 1835 being regarded by large numbers of the most moral and religious of our countrymen and women as au arbitrary abridgment of social liberty. Some of the speakers seemed to forget that Mr. Chambers' measure is simply an enabling bill. It neither prescribes a doctrine to churches, nor duties to individuals. Were it to become law, churches might in their liberty con throughout the winter, have been stopped. But the authorities of Clerkenwell are guilty of other mism9nagement which, if nut as hideously revol.- ing as their late treatment of the casual poor, is fraught with as much danger to its victims, and reflects the same scandal upon us all. Their workhouse is a standing nuisance, in which hun dreds of poor wretches are crammed, without regard to the number for whom there may be accommo dation, and where they are immured without proper breathing room, classification, or space for exercise. Concerning this crazy edifice the Guardians have made false promises to, and equivocated with the Poor-law Board for years; and at this hour, after more reports, squabbles, recriminathni, and shuffling among themselves than wo care to dwell upon, these gentlemen continue to assemble in the condemned house, and, having insolently closed its doors to free inquiry, fold their hands iu the hope thpt the public cry for im provement will be stifled, and their darling abuses be successfully maintained. Compelled to provide proper casual wards, not by an order of the Poor law Board, but by the force of public opir;on, which had made their name a byword for neglect and inhumanity throughout the land ; their griev ance is that the further evasion of a plain duty is impossible, and their determination, to guard against similar compulsion for the future. Haring done right under a bitter sense of injury, they regard the maintenance of further wrong as a duty due to their own dignity ; and co - nplacently argue that by hiding their misdeeds from those acting for the public, retribution will be avoided and amendment tinue to condemn these marriages, and ministers refuse to celebrate them, and no doubt their authority would have its just weight. This, it seems to us, is all that can be desired in the interests of special systems of morality. Those speakers who undertook to object to the bill on social grounds did so Tel/ feebly, and it was plain that they were not the real reasons for the opposition. Looking to the large interests which are growing up adverse to the present law; to the number of persons of unimpeachable morality who are yearly married in disregard of it, and of the children who are born under the intolerable stigma of illegitimacy, and to the high character and position of the public men who have expressed themselves favour. able to a change, we cannot suppose that the legislation of Mis will not be brought before parliament from time to time until a remedy has been applied_ The Herald thinks the division ought to extinguish any further agitation on the subject, at least during the ex istence of the present parliament. The existence of a conservative reaction is more apparent than ever, and the church has been vindicated in the Homo of Commons in her true position as the guanlian of society. be unnecessary. It is the urgent need of some assurance that this cynical perseverance in ill-doing shall be made impossible, that gave weight to Mr. KINNAIRD'II questions, and significance to Mr. Vitaxerts s reply. The absurdity of electing irresponsible dicta/ors for life, and calling the process local self-government, is only equalled by the anomaly of maintaining an elaborate and costly machinery of inspection and control without a single guanaitee that the one will not be defied and the other laughed at. The Select Committee upon whose recommendations we are glad to learn Mr. VILLIERS'S Bill for amending the administration of the Poor-law is to be based, gives in the Blue-books published under its autho rity conclusive evidence of the attitude assumed by the parishes worked under local acts, of the privileges they claim, and the views they hold of their own power. Of these, the one in which a living child was recently laid out as dead, was then especially conspicuous for its ill-treatment of the pauper inmates of its work house, and for the flippant justification put forth by the guardians examined by the Committee. In another, the authorised representative of the Poor law Board had been peremptorily ordered out of its board-room, the guardians refusing to proceed with the business he wished to advise them on until he had retired. An action in the Queen's Bench had been the penalty of endeavouring to enforce the orders and regulations of the Poor-law Board upon one of these parishes ; while of Clerk enwell Workhouse an official high in authority gave in evidence, in March, 1861, after pointing out its utter unfitness for the purposes assigned to it : " It is very old, and they tell me they are " about to build another. It would tumble down st " this moment if there were not at least 2001. " worth of wooden props all round it." Further, when pressed for his opinion generally upon such metropolitan guardians as possessed the anomalous privileges conferred by local acts, this same official said: " My experience obliges me to say that they " resist any order, almost any suggestion made to " them, . . . and they submit only when " you have gone to law with them, and they " are beaten." It is five years since these words were spoken, during which there has been as little change in the character and constitution of parochial bodies as in the workhouse it was falsely promised to replace. We have had, besides the countless instances which never come to light, deaths from starvation, deaths from wanton 'E ) -XPRESEI, THUINDAY 3,. Ile the goys:meat. They could Sint gala by a dpn saution—the eceantry rent hall* hens in • melts' conservative frame of mind. To send 810 isrileded 1.111132• hers beck to their constituents *Min a yew, to punish them with heavy expenses, and then bring them up to Westminster to wit far into the autumn, would be • course which the boldest statesmen would hesi tate to try. Unless he could succeed in unseating the majority of the members of the present house, he would find the new one bent upon his destruction, irrespective of party. An honest and effectual settlement of the ques tion can only be made with the consent of the moderate liberals, and, it may be said, also of the conservative party. These two sections united will form a majority of this or any future House of Commons, and they make up the whole body of the House of Lords. To these, then the government must appeal, to these it must defer. The real source of the vexation of the Adullamites, the Daily News contends, is in the fact that the Franchise Bill has, not that it has not, made progress ; that it has escaped, though narrowly indeed, the ambush laid for it ; and that the pretext on which resistance has hitherto been based no longer exists. As matters now are, the Franchise Bill on Monday will assume its place as a per. tion of that complete scheme of reform which the supporters of Lord Grosvenor's amendment are pledged candidly to consider ; and the advance of the question, regarded generally, is even more remarkable than the pro gress of the bill. A specific measure has now been sup ported by 318 members of the liberal party ; the anti reformers in the liberal ranks have been reduced to 33 at the outside, and the conservatives as a party have been planed in • positionmuch more advanced than they occupied before. All this we owe to the tactics of the government. If what is called a comprehensive scheme had been pro posed in the first instance, this clear and simple issue would have been avoided. Principles would have been lost sight of in a labyrinth of details, and evasion would have been endless. The government has forced the House of Commons to know itself, and to declare Heel' with almost absolute precision. If neither ministry nor parlia ment was pledged to Reform in February last, both are pledged now. The Franchise Bill has acted as a sort of chemical test, analysing the House of Commons into its component elements. False pretences have been cleared away, and both the great parties have been forced to take up a definite position. In the face of these things, it is either childish or disingenuous to contend that no pro gress has been made. The Post mourns over the slight on the memory of the late Lord Palmerston which has been cast upon it by Mr. Gladstone in pretending that the course pursued by him would have been followed by that great minister. As to a dissolution of parliament, the Post cannot doubt that it would be received with delight by the members of the opperition. , The Telegraph reminds the boroughs whose represents tion has been declared vacant, that they can give a dis -1 tinctly practical kind of aid by filling the seats with libe rals too honest to bribe and too fearless themselves to 1 practise intimidation on others. At Nottingham Lord Amberley, the Telegraph hopes, will be supported on his own merits, and Mr. Bernal Osborne be returned with him ; Mr Coaham is not exactly the sort of man for the House of Commons, and the candidature of fierjeant Simon can only distract and diN:de the l'beral party. Windsor ought to find much better representatives than any of the four candidates who are now seeking its suffrages. The Star says the country should urge upon the government to dissolve parliament in the event of an unsatisfactory division. Let every city and town and political association press this with emphasis on the atten tion of the ministry and the parliament. Let it be known that the country will not submit to have the reform ques tion unsettled by any faction in tho Home of Commons or the House of Lords. If the Commons will not pose the bill send the Commons to answer for their conduct to the country. The constituencies will soon find more faithful servants, and the work of reform which the nation de mands will be done. The Advertiser predicts that the conservative amendment in the committee, that the 71. franchise in boroughs be raised to Al., and that a 201. franchise be substituted for the IV. one in counties, will be carried, and yet that ministers will not only not resign, but will acquiesce and proceed with the bill. the Court. LATEST INTELLIGENCK, ITALY AND GERMANY. The "(emir National of to-day contains the following : We receive from a source in which we have every confi dence important information which the despatches of the day do not supply. We are informed in the first place that Prussia, discontented with the reply of Saxony to the demand for disarmament, has threatened the Saxon government with ass immediate attack. We are likewise informed that the British Ambersdr at Berlin has made an ineffectual attem to to bring about a better understanding between Prussia and Austria. On last Sunday Herr von Biemarck for mally refused to comply with the advice of the English minister that Prussia should be =Called with the promise of Austria to disarm in Germany without insisting on her disarming in Venetia. He based his non-compliance on the consideration that Austria could in a few days transfer her southern army to the north and take Prussia by stir prime. Writing on the 30th ult., the Florentine corres pondent of the Dads says : While writing these lines, I regard the state of war as existing between Austria and Italy. Hostilities have not commenced, it is true, but one is unable to see how they can be prevented now. The movement has commenced, and it will run its course. Yesterday the walls were placarded with an order from the government calling in the soldiers on leave. This order, which is dated the 30th, was posted on the 29th, which proves the urgency of the occasion. The railways are crowded with soldiers proceeding to their various destinations. They are in the highest spirits. Judging from what I see the war is more popular here than it was in 1848 or 1859. Everyone seems rejoiced that the hour has come when Italy is to assume her proper and definitive position. Gene ral La Harmers has entire confidence in the army, and believes that it is able, not only to resist, but to beat the Austrians. Garibaldi is ex pected here from day to day, and the aid of volunteers will not be rejected. No enrolments of volunteers have as yet taken place, at least officially, but from this date the army is on a war footing. La Mar mom's resolve to take the command of the army will make a change of ministry se:weary. It seems certain that Baron Ricasoli will be made prime minister, and that he will take some of his colleagues from the left of the cham ber, probably Signor Mordini. It is evident that the events which are now developing themselves are not the result of chance, but of plans long prepared and patiently wrought out. The question now is who will fire the first shot ; but whether it be in Italy or Germany, in a few hours after the conflagration a ill spread from the Elbe to the Arno. The Italia of April 30, says : There is no longer any room for doubt. If war is not actually proclaimed,peace, or to speak more properly, the truce which has continued for six years, has come to an end. This announcement of a speedy solution, which will certainly be a favourable one, has re established that con fidence which the state of doubt and anxiety, which existed for the the last month, bad entirely shaken. Considering the enthusiasm of the people, the resolution of the army, and the patriotic and courreous spirit of all citizens, we can entertain no fear, and believe that Italy, though scarcely re-constituted, is about to prove that she is not only a nation but a gnat nation. Without being initiated in the secrets of cabinets we may be certain that the government has availed itself of solid points of support, and that while appealing to the vital strength of the county for a national war it has not neglected the precautions which a poutical war demands. OSBORNE, MAT 2. The Queen went out in the grounds yesterday morning with Princess Helena, and drove out in the after noon, accompanied by Prince Arthur, and attended by Lady Churchill. Colonel Du Plat was in attendance on horseback. Prince Arthur, attended by Major Elphinstone, visited the forts on Portadown•bill yesterday. The Prince of Wales rode oat on horseback yesterday afternoon, attended by 3lajor Teesdale. The Princess of Wales took a carriage drive, attended by ViAcountess Walden. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday, at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury in Downing-street. The ministers present were Earl Russell, the Lord Chancellor, Earl Grarville, the Duke of Argyll, Sir George Grey, the Earl of Clarendon, the Right Hon. Edward Cardwell, Earl de Grey, Marquis of Hartington, the Chan cellor of the Exchequer, the Duke of Somerset, the Right Hon. T. Milner Gibson, Lord Stanley of Alderley, the Right Hon. G. J. Goschen, and the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers. A deputation from Lancashire had an interview with the Right Hon. H. A. r. -uce, at the Privy Council-office yes, terday, on the subjoct of giving greater facilities for the removal of cattle by rail. The deputation, wh'ch WAS in troduced by Mr. T. B. Putter, M.P., Mr. C. Turner, M.l'., Mr. H. Woods, M.P., Mr. Edward Potter, Mr. It. N. l'hilips, M.l'. Mr. John P. Hibbert, M.l'., Mr. W. H. Hornby, Mr. J. Platt, M.P., Mr. Jos. Feib'en, M.P., Mr. J. Cheetham, M.P. Slr T. Hesketh, Bart., M.P., Mr. Ed. W. Watkin, .P., and Mr. T. Barnes, M.P., consisted of the following gentlemen :—Mr. Joshua Lim;ard (Ashton), Mr. John Lupton (Rochdale), Mr. E. Wood Norris (Rochdale), Mr. Bradbury (Oldham), Mr. Willing (Bolton), Mr. King (Beryl, Mr. Barlow (Wigan), Mr. Latham (Mitoelestieltl), Mr. Clough (Prestwich), Mr. Mai -hall (Burnley), Mr. lieu:won (Stockport), aild. Mr. Constantine (Blackburn). The Prince of Wales and Prince Alfred, accom panied by his Highness the Prince Edward of Saze Wei mar, and attended by Major Teesdale, Lieutenant Haigh, and other gentlemen, honoured the Strand Theatre with their presence last evening, The Right Hon. the Chancellor of the Exchequer had a parliamentary dinner last e ?ening, at his residence in Carlton-house-terrace, when the following members of the House of Commons were guests :—Viscount Milton, Lord George Cavendish, the Right Hon. Sir Wm. Hutt, Bart., Lord Edward Clinton, Sir Edward Dering, Bart., Sir John Hanmer, Bart., Captain Hon. R. W. Grosvenor, Mr. D. Robertson, Mr. Adana, Mr. Moffatt, Mr. Ewart, Mr. R. Phillips, Mr. C. Forster, Mr. C. W. Martin, Mr. J. Maguire, Mr. W. H. Cogan, Mr. W. H. Gladstone, and Colonel Greville. Mrs. Gladstone had an assembly later in the evening, when their Royal High nesses the Duke of Cambridge, the Duchess of Cambridge and Princess Mary, and his Highness the Prince de Teck, attended by Lady Caroline Cost and Colonel Purvea, ho noured the reception by their presence. His Excellency the French Ambassador enter tained the following company at dinner last evening at the French embassy, Albert-gate :—His Excellency the Bava. rim Minister, hie Excellency the Portuguese Minister, the Marchioness of Ely and Lady Marion Loftus, the Earl and Countess of Clarendon and lady Emily Villiers, the Earl and Countess Russell and Lady Georgians Russell, Vis count and Viscountess Stratford de Radcliffe and Hon. Mir Canning, Lord and Lady Stanley of Alderley and Hon. Miu Stanley, Baron de Baude, the Marquis de Tami sier, the Marquis Caumont la Force, and Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Russell. The Marquis and Marchioness of Clanricarde entertained his Excellency the Austrian Ambassador and the Countess Apponyi, the Duke of St. Albans, the Marquis and Marchioness of lunsdowne, the Earl and Countess of Beuborough, the Earl Cadogan, the Berland Countess Grey, the Countess Frances Waldegrave and the Right Hon. Chichester Fortescue, Viscount and Viscountess Sydney, Sir William Alexander, the Attorney-General for Ireland, Hon. Mr. Calthorpe, Ate., at dinner last evening, at their residence in Stratton street, Piccadilly. The Marchioness of Salisbury and young family left yesterday on a tour in Germany. The Marin% of Salisbury is at Hertford, doing duty with his regiment, the South Herta Militia. THC BUDGET. In the opinion of the Telegraph there are many circum stance, which enoourage the belief that in his financial statement of this evening Mr. Gladstone will boldly grapple with the vast subject of our obligations with re gard to the public debt. In other respects the budget will possess less superficial interest, since it is only the sup plement or sequel of the fiscal arrangements which Mr. Gladstone announced in 1865, but many of which will not take effect until the financial year 1866-67. In 1865, by re ducing the duty on tee., and lowering the income tax and the fire insurance duties, we sacrificed no leas a total than 5,195,0001. Of this large loss the proportion which fell on the financial year 1865-66 amounted to 3,778,0001. There remained, therefore, a further lees of 1,417,0001, to be en countered by the financial year 1866-67. By the remission of the timber duties and by certain changes in the wine duties, promised in our commercial treaty with Austria, the not very exuberant surplus will be still further dimi nished. " He would be an ingenious Minister of Finance," said the present Chancellor of the Exchequer in 1853, "who should found an extensive remission of taxation on a surplus of 800,006/." For no such remission can we en courage the public to look this evening. The Star finds a surplus of 1,500,000/. applicable to re duction of taxation this year—a surplus which it is afraid Mr. Gladstone will think insufficient to enable him to meddle with the sugar duties. The Star is convinced, however, that any substantial diminution of that tax would be followed by such an increase of consumption as to amply justify such a step. 1116 POLITICAL BFTUATION. Remarking that Mr. Bright has been an unfortunate ally tothe governmentthrough the whole of the Reform Bill con troversy, the T'i+•u deprecates his conclusion at Manchester that the House of Commons is hostile to reform, and his threats of • dissolution. One of the most disagreeable points of Mr. Gladstone% conduct as leader of the house is that he has never expressed any dissent from Mr. Bright's projects, or any disapprobation of his memos to the House of Commons. There arises • natural presump tion, therefore, than when Mr. Bright speaks he speaks semi-officially. But any appearance of coercion—any approach to a threat, may be fatal to the bill and AMERICA. SPEECHES BY PRESIDENT JOHNSON. At Washington on the evening of the 18th ult., a procession of soldiers and sailors, and such of their friends as sympathise with them in their acknow ledgments to the President for his order lately issued directing the heads of departments to give prefer ence in appointments and promotions in the subor dinate offices to persons who have rendered honour able service in the army and navy, was formed, and marched to the executive mansion, with the marine band, to serenade President Johnson, who signi fied to the committee that he, would accept the compliment. President Johnson having taken his stand on the coping of a wall, was addressed by one of the soldiers, and proceeded in reply to speak at length upon the trying ordeal through which the American nation is at this moment passing—that of showing to the world that it has strength enough to put down treachery at home and treason within its own borders. While he was exposed personally and in every way during the rebellion, some of the train of slanderers, calumniators and traducers now barking and snapping at his heels, were far re moved from the foe enjoying peace and comfort. All that was wanted to complete the great work of restoration was the admission of Southern repre sentatives into congress, and the two houses could easily provide that those representatives should be loyal men. The consolidation of power at Wash ington he regarded as equally dangerous with the separation of the States. The one would totter us and might ran into anarchy, while the other would concentrate and eventuate in monarchy. (Cheers, and cries of " Can't do it!") Oh, but there is an idea abroad that one man can be a despot, that one man can be a usurper, but that a hundred or two hundred men cannot. Mr. Jefferson, the apostle of liberty, 'tells us, and so does common sense, that tyranny and despotism can be exercised by many more rigorously, more vigorously, and more tyranically than by one. What power has your President to be a tyrant ? what can he do ? what can he originate ! Why they say he exercises the veto power. (Laughter.) What is the veto power ? (A voice, "To put down the nigger.") (Laughter.) Who is your ('resident? (Several voices, " Andy Johnson.") Is he not elected by the people through the electoral colleges! The president is nothing more than the tribune of the people. His office is tri bunal in its character. In olden times when tribunes were first elected in the Roman republic, they stood at the door of the Roman senate which was then en croaching on the popular rights and putting the heel of power on the necks of the people. The people chose a tribune, and placed him at the door of the Senate, so that when that body ventured an oppressive act he was clothed with power to say " Veto, I forbid." Your President now is the tribune of the people. I thank God I am, and I intend to assert the power which the people have placed in me. (Cheers.) Your President, standing here, day after day, and discharging his duty, is like a horse on a treadwheel, and because he dares differ in opinion in regard to public measures, he must be denounced as a usurper and tyrant. Can he originate anything under the power? I think the veto power is oonservative in its character and affirmative; all that can be done by the veto power is to say veto when legislation is improper, hasty, unwise, unconstitutional—Stop action. Wait till this can be submitted to the people, and let them consider whether it is right or wrong. (Applause.) That is all true, isn't it? Hence I say that tyranny and power can be exercised somewhere else than by the Executive. He is powerless. All that he can do is to check legislation, to hold it in • state of abeyance till the people can consider and understand what is being done then. What has been done? I have done what I believe the constitution required me to do. (Applause.) I have done what I believe my duty and conscience required me to do. (Cheers.) So belie% :lig I intend to stick to my position, relying on the judgment, the integrity, and the intelligence of the masses of the American people, the soldiers and sailors expressly. (Cheers.) Then, for my life I cannot see where there is any tyranny. It is very easy to impugn motives, and suspect the purest and best acts of a man's life. If you come forward and propose • certain thing your motives are suspected and condemned. And if you withhold your opinion you are regarded as being opposed to the matter; so that it is very hard to move one way or the other so far as certain persons are concerned on all questions pertaining to the interests of the great masses of the American people ; for inthemiamyhope forthe salvation of the country. I am with you, citizen soldiers and sailors ! Who has sacrificed or periled more than the humble individual who ad dresses you' Has not my all been put on it ?my life, my property, everything sacred and dear to man has ••••1• , ,,. • • ••• ‘‘. -••• • • t O. been stabled upon it. And can I now be sus- I peMui of Miming at tie dose of this third ordeal of the , nation? Where fa he in public or private life who has sacrificed more, or who has devoted more of his time and IMIIITieI to the accomplishment of the great end than I And I have done it from the promptings of my own heart and conscience. I believe it was right ; and with your hearts and your oountenanoe and your encouragement I shall go through on that line. (Cheers and laughter.) In conclusion the President said : Let us rejoice that the relations of the States are about being restored. Let us make every effort we can on proper principles to restore the relations which existed between the Federal Government and the States and I thank God that peace is restored. I thank God that our brave men can return to their families and homes, and resume their peaceful avocations. I thank God that the baleful planet of fire and blood which a short time ago was in the ascendant, has been °hafted away by the benignant star of peace. Now that star of pesos is suspended in the heavens, let us cultivate the earth and the relations of pesos—all those associations which appertain to men in peace. The time is not distant when we can have a political millenium—political jubilee, and when we can pro claim to all the nations of the earth that we are again a united people, and that we have triumphantly panted through our third ordeal—have peace at home and power to bid defiance to all the world. (Loud cheers.) Remember one thing, gentlemen, that in my past life, L though slanderers may misrepresent, none can say that I ever deceived or betrayed him. It will be for you to see in the future who will redeem all his promises, and who l will be most faithful. I thank you, gentlemen, for the compliment you have paid me. The celebration of the emancipation of slavery in the district of Columbia took place at Washington on the 19th. Two regiments of coloured troops, and various coloured civic associations, with many other coloured citizens, assembled in front of the Execu tive Mansion, making a dense mass of coloured faces, relieved here and there by a few white ones. After the firing of cannon and the playing of several national airs, three cheers were given for the President of the united States, who having been escorted to a prominent position, addressed the assemblage as follows : My Coloured Friends : I have nothing more to say to you on this occasion than to thank you for this compliment you have paid in presenting yourselves before me on this your day of oelebration. I come forward for the purpose of in dicating my approbation and manifesting my appreciation of the respect thus offered or conferred. I thank you for the compliment, and I mean what I say—and I will remark in this connection, that the time will come, and that too before a great while, when the coloured population of the United States will find out who have selected them as a hobby and a pretence by which they can be successful in obtaining and main taining power, and who have been their truest Mends and wanted them to participate in and enjoy the blessings of freedom. The time will come when it will be known who contributed as much as any other man, and who, without being considered egotistical, I may say, contributed more in procuring the great national guarantee of the abolition of slavery in all the States, by the rati fication of the amendment to the constitution of the United States, git:ng a national guarantee that slavery shall no longer be permitted to exist or be re-esta blished in the jurisdiction of the United States. I know how easy it is to cater to prejudice, and how easy it is to excite feelings of prejudice and unkindness. I care not for that; I have been en gaged in this work, in which my life has been pe riled. I was not engaged in it as a hobby, nor did I ride the coloured men for the sake of gaining power. What I did was for the purpose of establishing the great principle of freedom ; and, thank God, I feel and know it to be so, that my efforts have contributed as much, if not more, in accomplishing this great national guarantee than those of any living man in the United States. (Enthusiastic applause.) It is very easy for coloured men to have pretended friends ensconced in high places, and far removed from danger, whose eyes have only abstractedly gazed on freedom, who have never ex posed their limbs or property, and who never contributed a sixpence in furtherance of the great cause, while another periled his all, and put everything sacred and dear to man, and those whom he raised, and who lived with him, now enjoy his property, with his consent, and receive his aid and assistance. Yet some assume to be, and others who have done nothing are considered, the great defenders and protectors of the coloured man. I repeat, my coloured friends here to-day, the time will come, and that not far distant, when it will be proved who is practically your best Mends. My friendship, as far as it has gone, has not been for place or power, for I had these already. It has been s principle with me, and I thank God the great principle has been established, that whenever any individual, in the lan guage of a distinguished orator, treads 'American soil, " his soul swells :thin him, in appreciation of the great truth he stands forth redeemed, regenerat.:d and disenthrallod by the genius of universal emancipation." (Applause.) Then let me mingle with you in celebration of the day which commenced your freedom. I do it in sincerity and truth, and trust in God the blessings which have been conferred may be appreciated and enjoyed by you, and that you may give them a proper direction. There is something for all to do. Yon have high and solemn duties to perform, and you ought to re member that freedom is not a mere idea. It must be reduced to practical reality. Men in being free h ive to deny themselves many things which seem to be embraced in the idea of universal freedom. It is with you to give evidence to the world and the people of the United States whether you are going to appreciate this great boon as it should be, and that you are worthy of being freemen. Then let me thank you with sincerity for the compliment you have paid me by pwaing through here to-day and pay ing your respects to me. I repeat again, that the time will come when you will know who have been your best friends, awl who have not been your friends from mercenary con siderations. Accept my thanks. The President remained some time after his speech, shaking hands with several of the coloured people. The celebration was closed with religious ser vices and the delivery of addresses in Franklin square, in the presence of a vast multitude. The stand on the south side of the square was calcu lated to seat about 100 persons, and was hand somely decorated, a large national flag being dis played on either side, and one hanging in festoons at the front corners, with one in front on which was a message of President Lincoln as follows : Fellow citizens of the Senate and House of Representa tives,—The act entitled " An act for the release of certain persons held to service in the district of Columbia," has this day been approved and signed. A. lancronn. April 16, 1882. Over the top of this stand was the inscription : " Lincoln, the liberator of millions. His great work is done, and he sleeps in pesos in the great prairies of the West. We are loyal to God and to our country. This is , the Lord's doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes." Also, "We have received our civil rights. Give us the right of suffrage and the work is done." Besides the largo flags about this stand there were a profusion of small ones. On the left of speakers' stand another stand was erected for the musicians. Rev. Henry Highland Garland, co loured, made the opening speech, and read a series of resolutions expressive of the views of the assem blage, and approving the course of Congress. Senator Trumbull, of Illinois (the author of the Civil Rights Bill), spoke at length, tracing the pro gress of emancipation, and alluding to other mat ters in that connexion. Senator Wilson, of Massachusetts (the author of the bill for the abolition of slavery in the district of Columbia), next addressed the meeting. He said that he had been informed that the President in his speech had remarked that the coloured popu lation would very soon discover who were their real friends. He was not here to dispute the President's claim to be called their friend. The President was placed in the Executive chair by the votes of anti-slavery men, and they only asked him to exercise his high functions for the promotion of the rights and the vindication et all. He hoped the President would place him * * in advance of them. They asked him to pl ot ward, and they would hail him as the best friend d the black man whenever he so proved hisseeif. Major-Gen. Howard, George Howard Day, Rev. Mr. Anderson, of New York, she ad the meeting. There were on the stand, am others, Gen. Eaton, Senators Lane, of litarylmai Chandler, Clark, and Howard. The then terminated and the crowd dispersed. (anuTts'a viiticaniga.) ITALY. POPULAR ENTHUSIASM FOR WAR, FLORENCE, NAT 3, 9. AA, Popular demonstrations have taken place in city, Naples, Turin, and other towns, in fimo u the national armaments. The national guard I Naples have expressed their wish to relieve th troops now garrisoning the town. The public funds have risen in Naples, in co l a quence of the promulgation of the decree ofank the forced bank-note currency. The Florence Chamber of Commerce his pressed its satisfaction at this measure to the muter of Finance. FLORENCE, AT The new loan of 250 millions of lire, whiek been contracted by the government with National Bank, connate of a current semi opened by the Public Treasury, whereby the* will be able to draw upon the bank to the 0 4 amount. Interest will be calculated at cent. on all amounts advanced from the 2nd ia t ,, until the conclusion of a different arrangement,„ - • The government releases the National Bask ttni , , the obligation of paying its notes on prow*, • in specie. The notes of the National Bank vill given and received as legal tender for their banal value in payments of every kind throughout kingdom. The banks of Naples and Sicily, i t ' National Bank, the National Tuscan Bank, I n . Bank of Tuscany, the Credit Industrial, and t t, Society of Commerce will continue to Mu oo t a bonds in conformity with their statutes. The bogy of the Banks of Naples and Sicily will be Ind tender for their nominal value in all payme n t.. the provinces of Naples and Sicily. The Natiou Bank and the other financial establishment' 16 mentioned will not be allowed to vary their mai: discount without the authorisation of the Misil of Finance. BAVARIA. MUNICH, in: The official Bavarian Gazitte says :—"Neitki Austria nor Prussia has addressed to Bs, demand to disarm. The Bavarian menet will only consider the necessity for _ _ the measures of defence which they have to cease when the danger of a war in German) have disappeared." THE PRINCIPALITIES. PARIS, In 1 ' i Prince Charles of Hohenzollern is said to declined the Hospodarship of the Danubian cipalities. SPAIN. MADRID, MAT 2, Evu The Bank of Spain has determined to an indemnity from the government, in the of the bill for the new National Bank being to by the Cortex. The Miniatera of Financ3 and of the In • are unwell. _ . Perfect order prevails here to-day duriall celebration of the fete in honour of the coned ARRIVAL OF THE HANSA. SOUTHAMPTON, MAT 1 The North German Lloyd's steamer Hansa,. New York on the 21st ult., has arrived here. brings 363 passengers for this port, Havre, Bremen, and 800 dols. in specie for Bremen. On the 27th ult. the Hansa spoke the • • barque C.R.C., on the 28th the Prussian Humboldt, and on the 29th the American Worcester. Her telegraphic news has been anticipated. SHOCKING FIRE IN THE CITY. TWO LIVES LOST. Shortly before 9 o'clock last night a destruetil fire broke out on the premises occupied by Mom* Brothers, tobacconists, situate at the north corner Liverpool-street and Bishopsgate-atreet Without I daughter of one of the firm, Alice Nix, Nix yeah of 4 and a deaf and dumb man named William GO; egli 67 years, perished in the flames. The shop oil open at the time, and customers were being oral, when the shopman's attention was drawn to a quantityi smoke which was coming up from the manufactory is IP cellar. He ran over to the Metropolitan fire WO station in Bishopsgate-street, which is nearly oppnilh and requested some firemen, who were standing at IP door, to bring a bucket or two of water over, as OM was something smouldering below the shop. Thq 01, so immediately, but seeing fire through the credit of the flooring, they sent back for the bib pumps as well as a manual engine, which were on their' , within three minutes after. The latter was diteckfill. ready for working and the hose laid out, but for sheet tee minutes it remained idle, owing to the turncock not befK , found to turn on the water-mains in the street. Tbleid to much excitement ; the firemen fought the fire as hi as they could with the hand pumps from beck* g water, but the flames ga ined upon them PO rapitlllta. they were compelled to retreat from the premises, 10 soon afterwards the flames reached almost every nom the house, as also the roof. About this period a man. - seen at the second floor window imploring for help. 00 of the Society's fire escapes, stationed in Bialiorsgste 4 b o was brought down to the premises by some strangers, 0• placed it against the house, but in the absence of then* ductor, whose time for duty had not come, no 01211 Wee stood how to raise the ladders to the upper windows, O A. the man Cox soon sunk from the e ff ects of su ff ocatios sui perished. The however, was the mean s of tersdll one of the shop boys from another window. A snag, force of firemen and steam engines were sent to the seat and when the street mains yielded a supply of valet the firemen soon succeeded in getting the fire undo, I though not before the premises hal sustained very es.. , slue damage. The firemen assert that had they obtains'. a supply when they fi rst drew their engine to the soil they could with ease hare put out the Wit without its doing any material damage. MW the ruins bad been cooled the firemen fob the remains of Mr. Nix's daughter Alio Irig on the burnt flooring of the first-floor loath* shockingly dis fi gured. It appears that the shop b oy was rescued by the escape was in the shop when the N . broke out, and ran upstairs and alarm ed the servant Ink who was nursing one of the children. She ran down SW staircase and escaped. The boy caught Miss Alice wag his arm and tried to follow. He got down to the floor fif.ll landing when she screamed and got a wa y from his He groped about to find her but could AA &nad a I smoke and heat suffocating him he crawled to the frog I window, where he was dragged out nearly dead. The bob of the porter, William Cox, was found under the windso of the second floor, where he bad been seen. The body were placed in shells and removed to the dead-bona of 0. She ward to await a coroner's inquest. T he origin of is unknown ; the property was insured. WAITING TOE THE BUDGET.-(THIS DAT.)I 9 o'clock this morning there were enou;h peel& rev% St. Stepissa's 11l the Strangers' Galkry, in 4 li °D. ,‘ arrived after that time will have the slight . '" "'— obtaining admission.. The P and the de Cattlebar" repay" Mr. DaY hem 0 2. 0 . The P be drove n so home bo o b bel the eall of wa s kept t ab tine be conaeti la, and deniers f f oo d. T p endent that def as easel aid not baaself ebe dog nuier Dr. af Eip t respond= Derby. a fter the caved. an bar via dental, an adu lain, li l Was . Cana, Decree The has lay-honor seamiest 101311.; Kr. Br bankrupt further 11, Mr. R 4 the &wog silent re existed various g Kr. Hen rapt), au sad wry; Mr. direcartai:s t thßie 10 C.C. Way at a low and still, into and did. T to ea r --- 1 111;eTti Hie to Abe till ■ make were ninet, the ai time 1 to pri Co l l Ili a a the Con You _ suit 4;1 snit suit sea, the befoi bora' Pot Vi - 171 natio