The Express. — London, England, 1846-10-16 00:00:00

r NEW WORK by G. A. i BECKETT & JOHN LEECH. ........ .. . - --- Now published, mice One THE Wit, No. V. of COMIC HISTORY of ENGLAND. BY GILBERT ABBOTT k BECKETT. Wrest A COLOURED EICNINO ON Sew AND NTIMOCS ILLmorsa , VON§ at AEL P R OSPECTU 4. In announcing a Comte ALitoCy of Pang it may be seteenry to observe that the lenity implied in the till^ will Mate to tbe nein but hr no means to the m atter of the war:, which will to with the gravest regard to the truth and accuracy that the gaigeot require.. The aim of the writer will be to present a faithful weinallve, for which the beet authoriti , . will In the moat carefully coneolkadowid to serve it up to the reader in a more palatable form than boa lalteeto been thought compatibie win, the dielity of history. nets le not the =Oleo intention to sacrifice fidelity to fun in the Ilielltemning production, which is &Opted to show that the WO et dral—aea sot imeparable. The alvantages of blending t he wigt balm lion are universally allowed ; and there is an end toes, oweellmourito fallacy that food for the mind require. the uninviting leiMiew air of i e The COMIC HISTORY of ENGLAND will not be a loam of any other work, nor will it follow servilely la the sir et sor historian. The author does not aspire to welkin tbeeeleration a( Home, the easy slippers of Smollett, the geloase of Onamas. ta pumps of Pinnoek. In literature the Mom of Mather WOW apt to clogs to the party attempting to make his way Is a eaterace prove hint be was never fitted. wh ill ch The Comic History aterials of Engionfi w, therefore, he an entirely original esampotiition, the m fee well he derived from • tonsil:town of all the best histories already in existence, whose accuracy will be tested by direct reference to the moot undoubted authorities. The chief pi.rpoec of this preliminary announcement is to guard the public against any misconception of the intended character of the work on account of its title. A narrative may, it IA hoped history is , be correct as well u comic ; for, as "t ruth is stranger than fiction sometimes much most ludicrous than the fancies of the humorist. The purpose of the work being explained. It mmaina only to announce the form of pubiLation. It will appear in Monthly Parts, pees One Shilling each, handsomely printed in Svo., and copiously illustrated by Joins Le a r n , with One large Etching and from Six to Timis° Wood Engraving. The COMIC HISTORY of ENGLAND will comprise from Twelve to Twenty Parts, and will appear regularly with the monthly maga zines until its completion. Published at the Punch Office, SS, fleet-street. ___------------ Now poi:ALl:wig, price bd., No. THE ALMANACK of the MONTH, A REVIEW of EVERYTHING and EVERYBODY. Edited by Gnurr ABBOTT I !Wm Err. London: Publidual at the 4 . l'uneh" Ofike, i 5. Fleet-etzeot. -- he e43rtoo. MAILS. The AVCgt India malls, excluding those for Mexico. Honduras, and .11Wrina. will be made up on the mornlngof the 17th October. The mails for British North AMeriC-1, and the United states, will be made up on the evening of the 17th October. Tb, overland trails for Gibraltar. atalta,Onree, the Tontan Islands, Ades, Ceylon, Indi a . Hong -Kong, and Oda'. rat Southampton, fatmade up on the morning of the 20th October. The overland closed malla, ria Marseilles. to the Mediterranean, Egypt. Aden, Ceylon. India, Hoag-Kong, Ike., will be made up on the evening of the 24th October. The mania for New South Wake, Van Diastan'a Land, will be made up on the 31st October. TO CORRESPONDENTS. We cannot notice, in any way, any communka tiou that is sent to no anonymowly ; bat tho.e who choose to actin-ss uc in confidence will and their confidence respected. NEITHERCAN WE UNDERTAKE TO RETURN ANY MANUSCRIPTS WHATEVER. e.• Advertisements intended foe The Express must be at the OfEce by Two o'clock ou the day at publication. HIGH WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE. Tam DAT. MOI Wing. 22 Mill. past 11; Afternoon, 48 min. pad 11. To-stosuww.—Momlng, 0 min. put 0 ; Afternoon, 1 3 min. put 0. LONDON, FRIDAY, OCT. 16. THE court-martial on Lieut. 11. A. STORY, of her Majesty's steam frigate Retribution, reported in our paper of Monday, must not bo allowed to drift un noticed into oblivion. As an example of what occurs in the navy, of which the public only now and then get a glimpse, it is very instructive. Like the some what analogous case of WHITE, who perished at Hounslow, the unanticipated death of REDPATH, the result of the ordinary course of discipline, carried out by an officer to whose humanity there is a great abundance of unimpeached testimony (and which seems really unimpeachable), throws a flood of light on the antiquated but unfortunately not yet obsolete principles on which discipline is founded. We have no fault to find with the individual tried, or with the court; but the inferences which the conduct of both suggests imply the condemnation of tho system. EDWARD REDPATH, who was punished and died, was captain of the hold ; an office of considerable trust. Practically, the water and the bulk of the Provisions for the crew, including the wine and spirits, are placed under his charge. Of all that class of officers who do not receive warrants from the Admiralty, but are appointed and may be disrated by the captain, perhaps the cap tain of the hold is the most responsible. Though it is given in evidence that Redpath was not a sober man, the situation he filled negatives the assumption that he was worthless and degraded. He was a petty officer, filling a responsible place to the day of his death ; and the crew, generally, would not be spared the punishments from which he was not exempt. On the night of August 12, he committed a dis graceful and an unpardonable offence, for which the first lieutenant, on his own authority, without com municating the circumstance to his captain, com manded REDPATH to be confined in the coal bunker from ten o'clock in the forenoon of August the 13th, till eight o'clock in the evening; di recting that ho should be allowed to come out at one o'clock for a short time, and be visited and re ported to the officer of the watch every hour. This duty was neglected. He was seen when he returned to the bunker after one o'clock ; but he was not again seen till seven o'clock, when he returned a drowsy answer to the ship's corporal's question ; and at eight o'clock EDWARD REDPATH VMS found lying on the coals a stifled corpse. As in the case of WHITE, the officer meant only to inflict a customary chas tisement ; but the chastisement, from the ignorance, in one ease, of the effects of largely abrading the skin, and, in the other, of leaving a man exposed to inhale carbonic acid gas, ended in death. The soldier, more under public protection than the sailor, has ac quired a kind of martyr reputation; the sailor, cast without an inquest, without the Registrar's certificate, into the blue waters of the Mediterranean, is forgot ten for ever ; not leaving his surviving relatives and friends even the consolation of knowing that his sufferings may be the means, like those of WHITE, of amending the system to which he fell a victim. The evidence of the carpenter informs us that the bunker is about 7 feet wide, and 17 long. The depth, not mentioned, extends, we believe, nearly from the keelson to the deck ; but there was a platform in it about seven feet above the coals. How this black hole was ventilated, does not appear ; it was covered by an open grating, but not supplied like the between decks of ships with fresh air by a windsail. Although the stokers hsd suffered when working in the banker from " pains in the head across the eyes," and from a " stifling effect," none of the officers appear to have supposed that confinement in it was deleterious; and there was no apprehension of evil consequences from shutting up a man in the bunker through a hot sum mer's day, in the latitude of 40. The temperature of the close bunker was not examined ; that of the air was nearly 80 degrees. In the stall higher tempe rature of the bunker, carbonic acid gas was generated, and the evidence of the surgeon establishes the fact that REDPATH was suffocated. " I found hit body (said the surgeon) en the port side of the upper deck, warm, but I believe dead. Lioobtful whether he was deed ce not, I resor ted to Etch means as I thought fit in cases of suspended animation without success. I afterwards rondo &post portent exami nation, and found the appearances OR the body such as are known to exist whrrc the persons have died from respiration of carbonic acid gee. I opened the body and examined it very minutely; the lungs were g or g ed with blood, dark in colour. What blood was about the been and the large vowels was fluid and of a very dark colour. The bole was approaching to avidity, but otherwise generally healthy, , except a mth-r unusual quantity of scrum in the ventricles of the brain, and a very slight trace of inflammation in a portion of the in side con of the stomach. " Judie -Advocate: To what muse do you attribute his death I—To the respiration of cahonk acid gas." The death was accidentaL It was found eo by the court, which honourably acquitted Lieut. STORY of all blame, and acknowledged the testimony of his ship mates to his mild and humane conduct. Sir C. OGLZ in returning his sword, said he had proved himself a humane and good officer. The whole proceeding was justified. It was found by the court that such punishments had previously been resorted to on board the Retribution, and that the same punioliment had been adopted in other steam ships without any bad consequences. No objection was made to Lieut. STORY having taken on himself the power to punish EDWARD REDPATH. His doing so, therefore, is in accordance with the rules of the service. _ _ Captain Lonamovon's evidence wee Gist Did 12•606e5t *cry Neer allt w d SNOB Balla le yes &o. te edmisi lo 'MOB le lbe leuleirt— N Die Ma 8111TIMPPOONNIII—T4110111.11.1•Idolkbill". \ THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 16, 1846. did sot see Redputh. Ile w as reported to me as fo und vismidsat .•Do you know of any man being confined in the bunker Is Dits t—l know of its haring bees done. lbw it been dose VALI orkel—No. Was it reported in the logbook!—Certainly ad. you Inqufre Into the ircumatarices--Certainly not. D id yea dadb& wit'. it!.-No. Did you consider it a trivial pun Omsk iddilt the first lieuteuant mig ht ado p t t—That depends upon the Mad the offence committal Was it a trivial ravishment for the eases omitted by Edward Redpith!—l consider lt. waa. redline de motor lieutenant on a former =Won to indict the same ralliblassi without reporting it to you!—No. OoMmalare Cower—la the court to consider that you approve of thotproMegMaahloent T—No. you do not dud fault with the First Lieutenant ! No. Commodore War—Did you express your disapprobation of it ! No, I Minot Captain Elliot—Was the First Lleutamat eatadoua that st were Dot armor Qat mode of punishment basing been !—I am not swore oMt. On the other I.4.c.tidolli were the PettY °Biomes , a ct t—lf 1 refer to the books I ean tsll you ; not otherwise. Commedere Collier —Arc thr puaialedien's inflicted yym tdarkdast assareisweadtaisaat—Not those who are rat et theolach Its . to aroid Mar bay roportat to we. ckftska llMllms--Did you rind fault with it I—No; brearse the maw. of which the awe had tura guilty were so pros: that if report m ed to ate their world Aare maspell , I sae to ssuGet muc h strove punish meats. Thus it has been customary in the Retribution, and customary in other men-of-war, to allow the first lieutenant to punish a great number of offences in various manners at his discretion. Shutting the men up in a bunker for ten hours, is con sidered, both by C a pt a i n LeSIIINGTON and the crew, as a trivial punishment ; not so severe 'as being placed on the weather-gangway on a winter's day for the same period ; and such trivial punishments are inflicted by the lieutenants without the formality of a trial, or even informing the captain of what they have done. " They are not reported in the log-book." They swell to a vast amount the sum of misery inflicted on the crews of her MAJ EST y's ships ; but they are not noted down. They are expressly inflicted to avoid reporting offenders to the captain, who, if he inflicted severer punishments, would have to record them in the log book, and transmit an account of the number of lashes he had ordered to the Admiralty. The dread of publicity leads captains to tolerate the usurpation of their authority by the lieutenants ; and the means taken to satisfy the public that flogging is diminished in the navy, only brings about a vast increase of those trivial punishments which are inflicted to avoid re porting offences to the captain. About the year 1814, captains were first ordered to make returns to the Admiralty of the persons cor porally punished; but such retu rns become a mockery, when a number of other punishments may be in flicted which are never recorded. In future, the returns of the number of persons flogged on board ship will be scouted ;as it remembered that trivial punishments, carryin is g with them the chance of death, are not included. When a cap tain inflicts a punishment, he summons the whole crew to witness it; he reads the articles of war ; he goes through certain forms which give solemnity and deliberation to his proceedings ; but the trivial pun ishments inflicted by the lieutenants, now the ma jority, are ordered in hot haste without any solemnity, and without the presence of more than one witness who carries the order for punishment into execution. In the army, the most trivial offences are not punished except by the sentence of a court-martial ; in the navy, the most serious offences are now punished at the discretion of an individual whose captain even is ignorant of his conduct. That conduct is never liable either to exposure or control. unless it end, as in this case, in the death of the man punished. As there is no record kept of these trivial punish ments, we cannot even guess at their number. We see their nature ; and, apart from their incidental con sequences, they seem to us extremely severe. But Lieut. &roar, with tho approbation of the crew, inflicted these punishments to avoid reporting the men to the captain, who would have punished them more severely. What then must be the nature, what the opinion of the officers themselves, of those authorised punishments inflicted by the captain, from which lieutenant and crew take refuge alike in the punishment of' the bunker? A more striking testimony to the cruelty of flogging has not fallen under our notice, than this testimony incidentally given by the officers and crew of the Retribution. They hate it so much that the officers commit irregularities, and the crew submit to many other punishments, to avoid it. Its inutility is proved, too, by the same fact. The officer in whose hands is actually placed the discipline and govern ment of the ship,—for Captain LUSIIINOTON has evi dently known little or nothing of them, and has left them, like most captains, to his first lieutenant,—will not have recourse to flogging. Lieut. &rola and the crew combine, as it were, to make it a useless me mento of worn-out cruelty in the hands of officers, who have become, if we may judge by Captain LUSHINGTON'S conduct, very nearly sinecurists. A select committee was appointed by the House of Commons, last session, to inquire into the present state of the Ordnance Survey of Ireland. The re port of this committee, with minutes of evidence and appendix, which has just been published, supplies materials for a not uninstructivo general history of the Ordnance Survey. The triangulation on which the survey of South Britain has been based, was commenced as far back as 1781. At first, nothing more was contemplated than the fixing of certain points for astronomical purposes, and the formation of a map on a small scale. The operations were listlessly carried on ; sus pended for about four years ; and resumed, principally with a view to afford practical instractionto the officers of the Royal Engineers, and a corps of mite ry surveyors and draughtsmen formed during the war. Military plans of some portions of Kent were formed for the use of the Ordnance, and some parts of a military map were published on a scale of one inch to a mile. The progress of this map after the peace was extremely slow, till the gentlemen of Lincolnshire and Rutlandshire pro posed to Government to proceed with their district out of its tarn, on condition of their subscribing for a cer tain number of copies. "These gentlemen," says Colonel COLBY, " partly wished for the map for their use in hunting, and partly for the improvement of the country in marking out the drainage of the fens, Sze." In 1820 Colonel COLBY was charged with the survey. The contract plans were found so incomplete and in correct, that the engineer officers appointed to assist him had to add, revise, and correct with intense labour; and after all "a map was produced better than any preceding map, but not satisfactory as a national work." It has been found necessary to revise and correct all the plans not engraved, and to revise and re-engrave those previously en graved for a military map, " because it did not possess the accuracy required by the Admiralty in forming the basis of their coast surveys, for the geological survey of Mr. DE LA BECHE, or for the 'civil engineers." In short, in the words of Colonel COLBY, " a cost of time and money has been bestowed upon the English map, which, had the original design been founded upon a thorough knowledge of its future uses, would have gono far towards the progress of a national map on a larger scale, and fitted to receive additions, marking the progress of society from time to time, at a trifling expense." Be it observed, that the work begun in 1781 is still unfinished. The survey of Ireland commenced in 1823, under far more favourable circumstances. Colonel COLBY'S experience had enabled him to estimate the impedi menta which obstructed the English survey, and to devise means of removing them. He was liberally and energetically supported by the Duko of Wm: urforox and the Ordnance. His scientific aoqu irements enabled him to devise more accurate apparatus than had ever beforebeen employed, and to prepare a better code of instructions for those acting under him. A larger and more just estimate, too, had been formed of the objects of the survey. It was directed to be conducted in such a manner as to satisfy the requirements of valuers requiring the boundaries of cultivation, and the areas of legal divisions; of the Admiralty re quiring the coasts of the sea, and the shores of navi gable lakes and rivers • of the Ordnance ; of the railway commissioners, Shannon commissioners, board Of public( works, soul county surveyors, requiring many details and altitudes throughout the country. The triangulation of Ireland may vie is point of accu racy with say that has been executed in any country. Outline maps, on the wale of six inches to a mile, on which the legal boundaries of town lauds, baronies, counties, and parishes, have been laid down, are com pleted fur tho whole of Ireland, for the use of the parties above enumerated; and a general map on the scale of an inch to a mile, with the hills shaded in, is to be prepared by reduction for general use. Already the materials are prepared from which accurate maps of Ireland may be constructed for the purposes of men of science and men of business, of landsmen and seamen. Already the outline maps furnish all public boards in that country with what is indispensable. And in the course of a few years a map as perfect as human ingenuity in the present state of science and mechanical appliances can make it, will be accessible to all who take an interest in Ireland. The satisfactory results of the Irish survey natu rally produced applications from the yet =surveyed (the northern) counties of England to have their sur vey delineated on the same scale. The great works now in progress in these counties rendered the appli cation irresistible. It required, however, mach argu ment and influence to persuade government that this portion of England (about a fifth of the whole) ought to be laid down likewise on a scale of one inch to the mile, so that a map of the whole of England on that scale may be: attainable. Scotland is to be laid down on the scale of , six inches to the mile ; but there is reason to fear that the gene ral map will be done in the scale of one-third of an inch to tke mile. This is far too small to secure the purposes for which a general map is required. The result of the national survey begun at hap-hazard, without any definite and comprehensive plan or object, is not likely to be satisfactory. The Irish and Scotch surveys, and the survey of the Northern English counties, are as accurate as the actual state of human knowledge can make them. But the originally blun dered and subsequently patched surveys of South Britain, are anything but trustworthy. Again, the six-inch outline maps of Ireland, Scotland, and the North of England, are calculated to serve all poli tical, military, or naval purposes. The southern counties of England and the whole of Wales are de nied these valuable documents. Yet again, England and (perhaps) Ireland are to have general maps, on the scale of an inch to the mile, available for many purposes of public utility ; while Scotland is only to have one, of a third of an inch to the mile, which cannot be turned to the same account. There is much truth in the concluding paragraph of the committee's report : "In so great and so valuable a work as a national survey,there should have been more attention paid to uniformity of result ; there should have been a fuller consideration of all the purposes to which the maps of such a survey would be applicable; a definite plan should have been decided on, and no deviation from such a plan should have been allowed without the sanction of Parliament." Equally just are the remarks of Colonel COLBY : " The cost of a national survey carried over an extensive country is unavoidably large, and in commencing such a work two views presented themselves for consideration; the one a partial diminution of the present cost,Thy aiming only at an ephemeral work to answer a temporary purpose ; the other, an increase of present cost to execute a work fitted for more numerous pur poses, and more permanent utility. The Ordnance Survey of part of South Britain may serve as an example of the first kind; the Ordnance Survey of Ireland as an example of the second kind. If every object which is noticed in the course of a survey, has its position determined and laid down with proper correctness, any additional objects may at a future time be determined with reference to the objects already marked, and added to the work without cost or labour of repeating former work. But if original work has been inaccurate, the cost and labour of re petition is inevitable, when additional roads, build ings, and other details are to be inserted on the map." Government do not yet seem fully aware that the most economical, as well ay the most effi cient way of executing a national survey is, to undertake it on a great scale, and carry it through in the shortest possible time. We fear they still cling to the penny-wise notion of saving a little money at the first; the sure way to incur greater expenditure in the long ran ; and of distri buting the work over such a number of years that, when completed, part of it must immediately be begun again, in order to establish the requisite uni formity among the parts. It is tho story of all British expenditure for scientific purposes. Grants are long timidly withheld ; then made with spasmodic liberality; and then the benefit of the expenditure is lost through a fit of returning miser liness, which prevents what has been done from being properly completed. Half the use of DEN HAM'S and CLAPPEBTON'd African expedition was neutralised, from the slovenly and pinching manner in which the publication was act about. No advantage has yet been derived from the admirable observations made in the course of the Euphrates expedition, be cause, to save a few thousand pounds, their publica tion was left to the enterprise of an individual who has not completed and never may complete his work. The letters of our Paris correspondent of Wednes day, with the French and other foreign papers, have arrived by our ordinary express. The attention of the French public, of which the Paris press may be fairly taken as the exponent, is now divided between three subjects—the Spanish marriages, the Genevese revolution, and the incipient free-trade agitation. With respect to the first, the great mass of the public feel that then terests of the nation have been sacrificed to the aggrandisement of the Orleans family and the cupidity of Louis-Philippe. France has lost a friend and ally, but Louis-Philippe has gained for his family an enormous dower, and the contingent reversion of a throne. Those who esteemed the entente cordiale at the lowest rate, and who are least apprehensive of ill consequences from the marriage, think, nevertheless, that the latter is a miserable equivalent for the surrender of the former. The Genevese revolution is viewed with undissem bled vexation by the organs of the court and the minis try, and with the liveliest satisfaction and mutual con gratulation by every section of the opposition, the church party alone excepted. This subject has, in a great measure, occupied the space hitherto filled by the polemics of the marriage question in the Parts journals. A disposition to intervene against the Radical party is imputed to Government, which, however, some think will be repressed by the fear of a manifestation of public opinion. The Free-trade agitation is tolerated by the Government. Indeed, we may say, it is more than tolerated. It is countenanced. The more especial ' organs of the Ministry devote their leading columns, ' from time to time, to articles developing those general principles of national economy on which the doctrine ns established, and in a measured and moderate spirit advocating it. The Debate continues its picturesque and dramatic itinerary of the progress of the French princes through Spain and at the capital. On Wednesday it carried its narrative down to the Bth, inclusive. The Siecle takes up the cause of Lord Palmerston against the attacks upon him in the ministerial and court journals. " Ifthum attacks," mays thatjournal, agaiast Lord Pal merston, as the natural supporter of revolution throughout the world, were well founded, we should look on them as a claim to respect for the leader of the Whigs, and we should regret still more than we do, that instead of embroiling our selves with that Cabinet, for the sake of an affair purely dynastic, we had not sought means to establish in concert with him a durable union of the two nations in some great enterprise conducive to the liberty of nations. It is only in fact to defend the weak, to suppo rt ithe right in the progres sive development of liberty throughout the wordt.hai Frans* and England can honourably combine, and we mast add that, if such ea alliance be possible at all, it is with the Whiffs we must look ter it, and not, as the ministerial jour nals sem with the Tories, whose sentiments and traditions meant them beedsittly with absolute governments. Oa dm easssioa of every difference with England, we hear allusion nada to an alliance with Russia. But this alliance is Tat Aid to us, sad it it were, it would be on conditions revolt bsg mid inspioue—the abandonment et the Poles, the Italians. and other oppressed people not to mention ; sooner or later, Coastantinople. It is the earnest desire of France to esta blish a serious and sincere union with Great Britain, not founded on an interchange of personal civilities between their sovereigns, bat upon the real interests of the people, and the common principles of their institutions. This union, which has for ten years existed in appearance, is now altogether broken, and broken by the very men who Dave advocated peace at any price, for mere family interest, and, if we must speak out, tor the sake of a dower. This is a grave responsibility for those who have so often and so loudly proclaimed that the entente cordiale was an anchor of safety to be preserved at any sacrifice. The executive council of Zurich has ordered M. M. Fillier and Menzinger, as federal representatives of Western Switzerland, to repair to Geneva, in case their presence should be required there. The council of state has also been required to deliberate provi sionally what cantons should supply troops in case of need. The Epoque gives a synopsis of the events which have, as it maintains, led to the present state of affairs in Switzerland, commencing with the expul sion of the Jesuits from the mixed cantons, and their reception by Lucerne, in which, of course, all the blame is cast upon the Protestant and Radical party, who are accused of the most inconsistent intolerance, and with a desire to revive measures like the Edict of Nantes against the Catholics of Lucerne. The anstitulionnel takes the contrary side, and contends that the spirit of the parties may be inferred from the character of their foreign supporters. The absolute court of the North will intervene, if they can, against the new state of affairs in Geneva, and they will have with them the sympathies of the Guizot Cabinet. It is contended on all hands that this ministry was identified with the fallen authorities of Geneva. The sentiments with which the Legitimists regard the Genevese revolution in reference to the Guizot cabinet may be collected from the following observa tions of La France : " The Doctrinaires are in consternation at the Genevese revolution. There is no sort of flowers that the Journal des LhOuts, the official organ of M. Guizot, does not throw on the tomb of its vanquished friends. Nevertheless, having paid this debt of friendship, it hastens to cast a languishing look at Austria. It is sensible that intervention is imminent. ' We cannot conceal from ourselves,' cries the Dibats, 'that there is nothing encouraging in the situation of Switzerland.' This cry of distress, addressed directly to M. Metteniich, in dicates plainly enough the past that NI Guizot desires to play in the pacification of Switzerland, if he will be showed. Meanwhile we ere informed, on good authority, that the Minister of Foreign Affairs has not received any communi cation from that quarter, Everything indicates that with the help of England the Cabinet of the Tuileries will be put aside in this serious Helvetic question." According to the Courtier Francais, several French regiments have been ordered to march to wards the Swiss frontier. They are to assemble at Gex. M. Bethmont, late deputy for one of the arron dissements of Paris, who lost his seat at the late general election, has been elected at La Rochelle, in the room of M. Paillet, who, having been returned for two boroughs, has made choice of Chateau-Thierry. M. Bethmont is of the Paris bar, and a member of the opposition. rho Count de Rossi arrived in Paris on the 11th, and on the 12th had an audience of the King. It is now asserted that he will return to Rome without delay to resume his diplomatic functions. Incendiary tires continue in France. They have lately more particularly spread over the depahment of the Aube. Contracts to tha amount of nearly 1,250,000/. have just been made at Cherbourg, Brest, L'Orient, Toulon, and Rochefort for large quantities of timber to be supplied for , the French navy during the next five years. The opening of the railway between Rouen and Havre will, it appears, take place early in November; but for some time, and until the solidity of the con struction is beyond doubt, the trains will convey goods only. The Journal des Delbalt has the following remarks on the revolution at Geneva:— " The wise and patriotic government which, during late yearn, had made the canton of Geneva the preserver of the liberties and of the peace of Switzerland, is at present over thrown. It has fallen after a defence worthy of its come, and worthy of a better fate. Radical insults pursue it in its i fall, and it s not at such a moment that we would conceal the sentiments of gratitude with which every friend of order is inspired by the courageous efforts to prevent a collision, at present imminent. If a general civil war did not break out last year in Switzerland, it is to the firm and impartial attitude assumed by Geneva that we are indebted; and if this war appears at present inevitable, it is because the defence opposed by the government of Geneva to the over flow of radicalism no longer exists. In order to appreciate correctly the causes of the late revolution, and the conse quences which they may produce, it is necessary that we should repeat some facts. Every one knows that the pretext invoked by the Radical party is the concordat, or treaty of mutual alliance, concluded latterly between the seven Catholic cantons of Lucern, Uri, Schwetz, Underwalden, Zug, }'riburg, and Valais, and which, it is pretended, is contrary to the federal pact. But the circumstances under which this concordat was concluded require to be explained. If it be true, which is dill doubtful, that this league of several single states—that this federation within a federation —is contrary to the letter of the federal pact, it is, however, an infraction of which the Radical cantons first gave the example. We are well aware that one illegal act cannot justify another, but we wish to demonstrate how unfairly the revolutionary party repreaches the Conservative party with an alliance of which it gave the first example at another period for the purpose of disturbing the peace of the confederation. We regret sincerely the fall of the govern ment of Geneva. It observed, during most difficult circum stances, the most dignified line of conduct. The moderate policy of Geneva has been vanquished in the streets, and we shall see the result. It is not expected that the Catholic cantons will dissolve their alliance in the face of danger. Their union will be but the more strict and indissoluble. In two months Berne, where the free corps lately triumphed, will become the directing canton; and the revolutionary party will uo doubt be reinforced by the representative of the new government of Geneva. This is the position in which Switzerland is at present placed, and we cannot dis guise the fact that it is anything but reassuring." A letter from Madrid, which reached Paris by ex press on the 14th, states that Mr. LBulwer had returned Ito the capital on the 9th. It was believed (we quote letters of the 9th) that the title of " Majesty " would be conferred on the Prince Consort of Queen Isabella, by Royal decree. On the previous evening . her Ma jesty, their Royal Highnesses the French Princes, the family of the Infant I)on Francisco de Paulo, the Ministers, and the French Ambassador, signed the contracts of marriage. The witnesses were, on the part of Spain, the Dukes of Bailen, Rianzares, Castro- Torrcno and Valencia (Narvaez) ' • and on the part of France, H.R.H. the Due d'Aumale, Baron Athalin, Count Bresson, and Colonel Thierry. It is said that the Countess of Bridieux will be attached to the household of the Infanta. El Clamor Publiro announces the arrival of Mr. Richard Cobden in Madrid, El Espanol and Eco del Comercio were both seized again on the Bth. The Madrid Gazette publishes a royal decree approving of the bill for a levy of 25,000 men for the army, and also a decree prolonging the vacation of the public schools in honour of the royal marriages. FRANCE.—PARIS, Ocr. 14.—M. de Salvandy, Minister of Public Instruction, has brought his trophies from Algeria, sad presented to the Bibliotheque Royale a manuscript of the Koran, taken at the capture of the Smala, on the 16th of May, 1813, in the tent of the Emir Abd-el-Rader. This manuscript, which the Emir used Con stantly for his prayers, was presented to M. de Salvandy by the Abbe Rendel. DESTRUCTION OP THE DOCKS AT HONFLEUR.— Part of the new docks at Honfleur has just fallen in ; more than 100 metres of the quay have given way and fallen in in a single piece. The water in the basin, which is three metres in depth, renders it impossible to be ascertained if the founda tions are touched, or if it is only the upper masonry which has given way. Three hundred metres of masonry will have to be entirely rebuilt. THE EXPEDITION OF GENERAL FLOREZ.—Tho J 011117141 des Debate has published a document, addressed to the editor of that journal, of whisk we give the follow ing extract: "Honoured by the friendship of General rem, and well aware of his plans, I was surprised at read -4 a most unexact account in your journal of the expedi tion he is now preparing. Des rous of rectifying the errors it contains, my best plan is to eddies you, persuaded that you will appreciate the delicate motives th at occasion such a step. General Flores, famed by his talents and learning, as well as by his practical knowledge, is, believe me, inca pable of provoking an unjust war, or aiming at rights duly obtained. He has not, nor ever had, the intention of nom ino the Isthmus of Panama. Neither did he seek the Pero mission of the government of New Grenada, and, in mime quenoe, the Spanish government could not have ghat Ulf - port to a plan which never existed. The engineers who are occupied with the projected plan of cutting through the Isthmus can, therefore, continue the o?erations without fear of being dist urbed by General Flores.' VINTAGE IN FRANCE. —All the accounts from' Bordeaux, Dezier, Rlaye, and other places in the south of France, speak in the highest terms of the results of the vintage of the present year, now nearly completed. In some districts the quantity had fallen short, but the quality is everywhere reported excellent. The greatly esteemed "wine harvests of 1844, 1841, 1834, 1826, 1811, the !limo= wines of the comet, would' be, it is renantked from Busy., mall wines oompared with those of the present year for colour, spirit, and aroma." Various parts of the champagne country appear to be particularly favour d. It was feared that the wines might be too fruity, and therefore might not sparkle ; but the more skilful witietasters pronounced them of remark able fineness, and of a delicious fragrance. In consequence of the extrao;dinary demonstrations of the superior quality of the vintage, the buyers were numerous in all the great wine districts, and prices had risen, and were rising daily-. " The year 1846," says a writer f rom Bordeaux, " will be sigaalised in the annals of champagne. It will be long re membered, and long hare traces of prosperity." • GERMANY.—Aesrms.—The Spanish marriages are the principal topics of conversstion in diplomatic circles at Vienna, and the news from Paris and London has caused a considerable fall in the funds. The Prussian Allgemeine Zeitung has the follow ing :—" Divers German journals criticised the resolution of the German Diet of the 17th ult., concerning the duchies of Schleswig-Holstein. We did the same, but we thought it suitable to keep within the limits of the question. Some journals expressed their opinion that the federal assembly could not suitably speak in the tone of an address, and that its resolution said all that was required at the present moment; but there arc others who are angry that the German Diet did not immediately treat the question of a violation of privileges, not existing, as if such already did exist. The German confederacy has declared its right to protect (the case requiring it) the rights of all and every ono. It received from the representative of the King of Denmurk to the diet the positive declaration that his Majesty never intended to infringe on the privileges and independence of Holstein. It would, therefore, be quite out of place to tr.at the ques tion at once, which would be regarding a likelihood as a reality, and giving judgment in a case not yet brought to trial. We do not blame the impatience manifested to see so important a question solved ; far less do we wish to blame those who desire this question to ba dropped until it can be finally decided ; but we do not wish calm reflection, founded on the firm basis of right, to outstcp the limits pre-cribed by circumstances. Many of the public journals regard the ques tion in another light; they do not wish to calm public opinion by recognising that the German confederation, if the ease re quired it, would act according to its right; they desire the agitation to continue and if possible to increase, and think that agitation in Germany is peremptorily necessary. We arc of opinion that in the matter in question the less noise that is made the better • at the same time that it is requisite to maintain with calmness and dignity our privi leges when they are attacked. Nor do we think that the German press acts in a salutary manner, either as regards the present or the future, by endeavouring to represent the reso lution of the Diet as insufficient." GALICIA.—LEMBERG, SEPT. 26.—The harvest in the western districts is satisfactory, but prices are high, owing to the potato disease. The price of meat is also high, owing to the Illness among the cattle in Bessarabia. FRANKFORT, OCT. 9.—The price of bread has increased half a krcutzir the six pound loaf. At Stuttgard the six pound loaf costs twenty-eight kreutzers. A society of bankers and capitalists has just been formed at Frank fort to buy large quantities of foreign corn and flour to sell at prime-coet to the bakers; the houses of Rothschild, Beth mann, Grunelius, Metzler, and others, belong to the society. FROM THE RHINE.—The vintage in Germany tarns out to be excellent, as was expected. The Ilcase Gazette estimates the produce of the whole of the Rhenish vineyards at a million and a half of ohms (the ohm is 160 litres), in the following proportions:— Bavaria, 600,000; Wurtemberg, 150,000; Franconia and Miltenberg, 100,000; the Mein, up to Miltenbere, 100,000 ; Rhenish Hesse, 100,000; the Moselle, 50,000; the Rhine, from Lorch to Bonn, 60,000; Hoeheim to Lorch, 50,000; the Upper Rhine, 30,000; &c., &c. According to the Hesse Gazette. the product in France will be 25 millions of ohms, and in Hungary 15 millions; but this is mere supposition, as there is no correct data on which to found the estimate. DENMARK.—The Danish Cabinet seems far from flinching from its line of policy as regards the duchies. A Nuremberg correspondent states that he can assert, on good authority, that in the month of May or June last, the King of Denmark entered into an agreement, under the form of a treaty, with a foreign power, according to which, in case of certain eventualities, that power is bound to protect the indivisibility of the Danish government, arms in hand. SWEDEN.—STocKnoLM, SEPT. 29.—The Com mercial Council of Stockholm has proposed to the King the re-organisation of all the Swedish-Norwegian consulships. According to the proposed plan the 76 consulships are to be reduced to 54, and 19 consulships-general are proposed. The Consul-generals at Hamburg, Brussels, Madrid, Lisbon, Florence, Athens, Constantinople, New York, and Rio de Janeiro are to be entrusted with diplomatic functions. The Consul-generals at St. Petersburg, Abo, Helsingor, Amster dam, London, Paris, Algiers, Tangiers, and Buenos Ayres are to receive fixed alaries, and are now allowed to enter into commercial transactions. New consulships are to be es tablished at Calcutta, Singapore, Batavia, Canton, Vera Cruz, Laguayru , l'anama, Guaaivil, and Valparaiso. - - HOLLAND.—TiIe lIAGCE, OcT. 11.—The Staats Courant of this date contains the programme fur the opening of the ordinary scion of the States General, at the Higue, on Monday, October, 184 G :—Thio Session will be opened by His Majesty in person. The Gazette of the Upper Rhine states, that it is proposed that the Duke of Nassau shall marry a Princess of the Netherlands, namely, her Royal Highness the Princess Louisa, daughter of his Royal Highness Prince Frederick of the Netherlands; the Princess Louisa was born on the 3rd of August, 1828. OCTOBER 14. Some journals have announced that the Russian Government has addressed remonstrances to Ice - eubinct of the Hague against the new treaty between Holland and Belgium, and that it has even ' threatened Holland with reprisals, unless the advantages granted to Belgium, to the detriment of German manufae• tures, were granted to the Zollverein. The Cologne Gazette says on this subject, that it can declare on good authority, that no threat of this kind has been made up to this time, but that ucgociations had been open <d between the two states, and that they may terminate favourably, if some concessions were made to the Dutch Government, relative to the diminution of the navigation on the Rhine. The Cabinet at the Hague has already addressed a circular on this subject to the states on the banks of the Rhine, but has not yet received any answer. - - - AMERICA.----A great fire occurred at Cleveland, Ohio, on the 23rd ult. The canal collector's office and the range of stores and shops along Union-street to the Mer chants' Hotel, were burned about seven o'clock in the even ing. The roof awl upper stories of the Merchant,' Hotel were also consumed, and much damage was sustained from removing furniture, &c. Books and papers of the csllector'a office saved. Entire loss of property is several thousand dollars—mostly insured. COMMERCE AND COMMERCIAL RELATIONS OF SWITZERLAND. Statistical science has at length been more directed in the Helvetic federation to the investigation and classifica tion of positive industrial facts. To the depressed state of some branches of Swiss industry we owe the report of a com mission of practical men, appointed for the purpose of inves tigating the causes of depression, and, if possible, of suggesting the means of remedy or of prevention for the future. With an intelligent impartiality the protectionist party was admitted by its representatives into the commission. We find that a minority of members dissented from the free trade laissez faire report laid before the diet by the majority. That report, however, was fully affirmed in its conclusions and principles by the Diet. As a well written, ably reasoned document it is highly creditable to M. de Gonzeubach, Secretary of State to the Confederation, and a distinguished economist, to whom was committed the task of preparing it. Although in some respects not so complete in its statistical details and information as might be wished, the returns embodied in it will establish, for the first tune, a basis from which the Industrial statistics of Switzerland may start, and hereafter be gradually perfected, like those of other neighbouring or advanced countries. We proceed briefly to notice some of the chief points and figures relating to textile industry. Of the various manufactures, that of cotton ranks first in the order of importance. The first spinning factories date, it is said, from the continental system of Bonaparte. We are rather inclined to question the accuracy of this state ment, for we have heard, on competent authority . in Lan cashire, that some, if but few, spinneries were established in Switzerland before that period. One of the oldest cotton spinners, if not the oldest, yet living in Lancashire, a con temporary of Sir Richard Arkwrights, Sir Robert Peels, &c., who was largely concerned in the supply of cotton yarn to the Swiss markets, assured us some short time since that he had an offer made, about the year 1795 or 1796, as nearly as we can recollect—say ten years or more before the continental system—to undertake the establishment of a large cotton mill, to be built, filled with the best machinery, and conducted under his own superintendence, with a largo allowance for management, in addition to one half-share of the profits, for which a capital of 100,0001. was to be sup plied by, or under the guarantee of, the government of the Canton of, we believe, St. Gall. From patriotic motives, and himself largely embarked in spinning and mercantile con cerns, with the interests of which it might have interfered, he declined the offer. But he had the means of knowing, through his travellers and agents, that factories, though certainly on a much smaller scale, then existed in Switzerland. the continental system communicated, doubt less, a powerful impulse to the spread of the factory system. There were, according to the report of the commission, in Switzerland, in 1844, 131 spinnenes, of which 70 were in the canton of Zurich, turning 630,000 spindles, and producing 160,000 quintals of cotton yarn. The imports of raw cotton for their supply had for several years been in constant pro gression ; in 1842, the last year cited, the quantity was 228,000 quintals. The number of factory operatives employed was upwards of 10,000. Of power-loom factories there were 18, in which yarn was worked up into 100,000 pieces yearly. But the far larger portion of the fabrics was still woven by hand, in common looms, of which there were not far from 100,000. The canton of Zurich alone reckoned from IS,OOO to 20,000 hand.loom weavers, who wove each year nearly 1,000,000 of pieces of all kinds. The situation of the hand-loom weavers was, however, becoming very precarious, in consequence of the fearful com petition of the power-loom. Their wages had fallen to 16 batzen per week, or less than 2s. On sues a miserable pittance it was not possible long to exist. The remedy looked to was in the extension of power-loom works, and their gradual absorption of the destitute hand-loom labour, or the exclu sive transference of the labour to the fabrication of fancy tissues, which could not be so easily executed by'power looms. Jacquard looms had recently been introduced into several cantons, and it was hoped that the operative crisis in the cotton manufacture might thus by degrees be alleviated and pass away. Next after cotton ranks the silk manufacture. It employs about 40,000 werkpeople. Silk-worms are cultivated in the cantons of the Grimm and the Tessin, which yield • pro- , i chiheichilliisainiaitplißiain id,sietoll:4llbetrhr:alrught):B94Bl44ha-Ple*wd ' i duct of about 60sfinish.,000kuxedepo, Apunrod:su:iactsth,erhoffluwissLlettrsonisuraslito4l64l the English pound) of silk. The quanta 0r.,,..144f1ia of silk, and half silk fabrics imported bamat iao ..7' Ilik i ll,_ 28,800 ; and, in 1843, 29,900 quintals. la fetas to the lig h test fabric,. The ribband h emanh o i w ef e: s e ac r ac , ttu th reo e f principald, as bran th c a h ah ot ai sila ssfat • rim ~f. thrsaa 26 : 4 great repute. Exported to Paris, the rfiala h ic - ".,41pa poa so a s tio rtn ali oed in t ke ut ße on to rs ru c t eg,, h e i c: tzecuraiany, places. ` lll l, The manufacture of flax and hemp, alth ea o the same consideration as formerly, was not, aa „rt I without importance. The raw material h e amply produced in the cant ons ; fl ax is gro in: , harfe i Argoviu, and hemp everywhere. But flax- nery was operating the same revolution in the Ily a illil k a been similarly accomplished th roug h the sYme , -7 0'„ cotton manufacture. Flux w as no longer span 6 * e V' female peasantry, except fo r household oat ' . p.," 4 machine spun yarns were imported from all '''l particularly from England. The import, of M h hempen yarns and fabrics amounted, in 1842, to ! a t quintals, and in 1843 to 14,000. The transition fre s ''''' ning by hand to machine spinning was a gre at A . 2 1, the way of the establishment and ex t ens i on of flaa - 2 mills, and, again, Swiss linen fabrics were repulselß prohibitive duties of all the bordering states. Bat spinning-mills had been establi s h e d, and every Nwril was felt that the linen manufacture would prosper like that of cotton. tad The woollen manufacture occupies the least; place in the textile industry of Switzerland ; it a fa r h a sufficine, indeed, for domestic eonsumption. }locks at t h p ovine race are extremely rare, and agnealtare furi,lo. a small quantity of raw material, and that is workof an the places where produced. The great er part of ti lt ..., consumed is imported from Hungary, Bohemia, Wirt, and Italy. Each canton possesses cue or mural aa ,7 14 , tories of wool. There are twelve in the canto.' tf b r a employing 18 300 43 ‘ or .. 6o l o 3, w ooo ork g m ui e n n tai . sTahepoqrtivanontiot)f c,,,fhitkiisahtZ ported ever, only enters the country in transit. But the ma sh Lion of Switzerland still requires, in a idition to the Z. manufactured products, a large importation of fora n Z woollen well-being fabrics; in 1843, more than '28,000 eui ata a,7 country, are always seen well clothed; e a The report workmen of the tow ns , h i a proprietor of the most modest com e% peasantryu a t o thus i nunt set imported. aiowealthhoimplies.fut a nbe l c °ad 1 has not, besides his holiday suit, good and W 32111 clotia lk work days, and who does not renew it often. Such is the state and prospects of Swiss textile ise h On another convenient occasion the report may be RN to fur other branches of Swiss industry sal 'grimily& THE MEXICAN PEOPLE.— The characte r o k sinolthrnAMmeeziriransagoecen,n•roallye7tnhtrugbY differ r in fr nr by thit a ,, 4 • l circumstances, especially those which have occurred relation to the country during the last twenty Yew European influence, both for good and evil, haiken team felt by all the younger men of education, and imolai; produced all the corresponding effects upon the prole, process of time, but for those wretched internal (ima m which have left no period of repose for the forma i character. The Mexicans may be subdivided into * cla.se , each resembling the other in some local rep and differing more or less in the stronger features, 1 / 4 6 inward and external character. There are, first, ties woodman of the Aboriginal Mexicans, now termed *h liana, or Paysanos ; secondly, those whom we * i s designate no Spanish Mexicans, or children of aleziouse intermarried with natives of Old Spain • and elk those whom we must term Mexican Spaniard,,; a a children of old Spaniards, but born and permute settled in Mexico. Among those classes it may resaii conjectured that the largest will be the Indian's in the ha rior, amidst the woods and along the borders of risme lake.; while the Spanish Mexicans will be the moonset" in all cities and seaports. All foreigners naturally kat the more populous, orderly, and commercial cities and ma rather than risk their lives, property, or sisteksen among the wild and lawless portions of the inhabiter ; and thus the great majority of those who coed* the native residents of the capital city, of Puebla, Lam &c., and even the seaports of Vera Crux and Almelo,. of the latter class. The number of the Indians, er may people, is gradually but continually diminishing by ma marriage with the townsfolk of their several vicinitien intermarriage, also, of the Mexican Spaniard., he as tiered their class the smallest; and the wee no cumstance, as it regularly merges them into tit others, will probably always keep it the maid. The pure Indians, notwithstanding the vicissitude strange admixtures to which their county has been niliee, still retain very much of the aboriginal character. The yese men and women are for the most part rather under the . die height, of be:citifully regular teatures, with adeprtaat of natural grace. The women often have an sir of mot dignity and refinement, though how they should lime land it in the wi'd woods, among men as barefooted a. the selves, would puzzle the understanding of this side d 6 tropic of Cancer. Their voices are generally dual, ha sweet-toned, persuasive, and often pathetic. They ands vicar, delicate complexion of the rid :est copper colon; their limbs rather slight, and more active the:, mac Of a high enthusiastic spirit, th. y ore ready m moment to throw their lives away in any cause slid excites their passions. The sword or ite kode drawn and used in an ordinary quarrel, with it less hesitation than the hand is clenclie:l in pugilistic Ess land. 'Very many of the young men, stud the majority dal old, have their faces, breasts, and shoulders deeply sink and scarred, from gashes gained by those quarrels. The have no doubt increased in a ratio with the impartation aguadiente : a horrible sort of pale yellow brandy framed Spain, like liquid flame, and of which all classes regularly drink. Assassinations are of course of common =urn= One of the most hideous sights imaginable is a say old Mexican Indian, when his copper complexice turned to wrinkled bronze, and his limbs have be= distorted, his dark face rendered shapeless by sews, be mouth displaying three or four fragments of black bap, and his large, shining, bloodshot eyes rolling in their echo, standing mad drunk with aguadiente, yet steady sad adf possessed, while he brandishes his knife in the milled tY path you are compelled to take. But the Indians ue, k the most part, harmless towards foreigners where let aka: kind-hearted, of quick intelligence, and possessing a natural dignity, courtesy, and composure of demeanor. With elements of nature like these the admixture of ths grave yet fierce, cool yet impetuous, chiral:Luc yet mom lonely cruel, ridiculously pompous yet highsthouglited ad proud character of the natives of Old Spain, has predated ia the modern Mexicans a natural complexity of physic'', moral, and intellectual qualities, deeply toterestin; to ths philosophers who woad contemplate these remain of an ancient and extraordinary nation during the period of their transition state. From so ycang a people as the modern Mexicans, exposed t • nest arduous trials is their struggles for independence; subject to sail greater, because far more confusing, difficulties when they had gained this independence, owing to their incompetency to self-government at this early stage of their new pelitied existence ;—too much has been expected; and it is no sonde that they have hitherto disappointed all the great anticipa tions so prematurely entertained concerning them and their beautiful country. That they are now destined shortly to receive another influence from the conquest of the eocustrYi by the Americans of the north, seems but too probable. lit feet independence, and their deadly hatred of an rapacious re ntbcce M isfie exi regu ear erere s, ltoigi th ob e ue ir su fi snu x c i le h ti a nti b ialjo it ns ual iann er da a li v l'yl i t u c: g l:em fori d! * a wls: t ni in w od fl i u t c h e . invaders, the conquest sad annexation (direct or indi rect) of the country will introduce a Her clement of discord among the United States of the noeth. such ea may cause them bitterly to regret the money wasted i? obtaining so ill-starred and ill-striped an increase of tem. tory. As to the Mexicans paying the expenses of the war, they will no doubt " promise to pay • ' but it is more tee probable that the " expense of collecting," will absorb the interest, and eventually cancel the principal.—rioa: a Cor respondent. COLONIAL. NEWFOUNDLAND. DESTRUCTIVE STORM.—This ill-fated island hr been visited, before it had time to recover from the late caw flagration, by a storm, apparently the same in which the Great Western was caught, which appears to have been felt all along the American coast. The capital of the colony his again been strewed with ruins, and, as tar as could ire learned, the destruction of shipping and loss of human life throughout the settled districts had been great. Ihe Bishop of Newfound land had sailed in the church ship, the Hawk, fur England , the day before the storm. The Newfoundland St. John's Morning I'ost, of tho 22nd of September, says: "The gale which took place on Saturday last has nit teen exactly:l in violence, we arc told, by any that occurred here within the recolks Bon of the oldest inhabitants. The destruction which everywhere attended its march, so far as we have yet been enabled to x eerta#4 has been fearfully great. We have it not yet in our pace to P' anything like a furl or an accurate scram: of the extent of the Jury and damage which have been done, but the folloaine, as hr as it goes, appears to be a correct staterneat of some of the :weaves which have occurred. The first and gre.itest, and whic ,, Caine im p*. dlately under our notice, was the altucst instinkineou. and entire prostration of the Natives' Hall, a building containing one hundred and forty tons of tiraber,which had been boarded in, nod inec the flit afforded a place of habitation to several faninie , amone the power classes whom that calamity had renderol totally destitute. A flee about flee years old and his sister about twenty years of air wo e killed by the fall of the building, and we believe their mother and set or two others of the persons injured at the time, are yet in a prerari , one state. In the harbour several boats tame sunken. and • OA part of the shipping received consi•lerable injury. Eno! says that a boat was swamped in the Narrow. with n. or seven persons in it, all of whom must have tea Mat. The several bridges in the neighbourhood of Ow town have been partially destroyed, a large fissure in Job's Bridge, near River Head, renders it timpasiable, and boots arc in attendance to carry previewers to aid from the south side; the arch of hug bridge, a piece of solid mawanry, his been entirely awe; t away, Brine* Bridge is partly broken up. The fine new brick home come of erection for E. M. Archibald, Esq., sustained very Wiw i injury, a great portion of it having been blown down. St. Thames church was removed from its foundation ; and indeed. whore"' the eye is turned towardstbe outskirts of town, fragments of fen" Irma, or other wrecked materials meet its view. In the neighbour 4 outporta of Portugal Cove, Torbay, and Pouch Cove. warmly s flake or stage has escaped the violence of the gale. — at t he former of those places, the Brigus Packet was lost, and the other boats had to have their masts cut away to save them hint t b i thf uge lnraln co ted h in —an couseq d the . whole a lin the e ::reeroakdthittrenisc,ic:,r,ed.winzascsablns ite; vessel belonging to Mr. (ary, (the sisters) laden with Ash and cis from Twilingate was atrftded at Preeh Water bay and one of the inie from on board was drowned. Mr. Howley's Native Lire. in sae °f the bay*, has also been lost ; Mews. Hounsell, 'Schenk, and Itouaxßy Lavinia, which bad 3,000 quintals of fish in, P au beiloaded by Bersivt Punt= and Munn of Harbour Grace, 104 atch Cove, and the Cow Mx w rku p. : . iii, .., 14 i is, .0' The Patti 6 4 1 "- the 24th .. 1111 1 Y.. In OW XII could . 41 % .. .11 it is to -, to tit, i i.... 111 4 1 11 blishrnen coo rite , — .4 • Or On I ill i , --it 611 4 Mg d th *of r I % " Uwe hi t i , übtfr. Ic rio IN e the fun 111,4 I be route 1 si h •eceeetfel al %city .....- 5 I s Bh i l e .e. - tr.doii t gale '.. Pell 1 1% h . net milk( ex t h natu ra l Oland; ) I VO et efii i L!l4Yi if t "il fv - bi--14'141 : th. ' : t.i 'l:t e rns':tg bo 'il o ield l i Mhi e n'su e 't har al trc:l7 a ::%tba a n r h eas llite' f .uci t e't l e u et% gyr ed J. 1 ..," h u ill r bour o f ",,, 41 urine to te nany i f 4,4 , 3 itil t* l., WINDso 7:;:i.t*lt4tit°l7.4,2l:o.,iiiielithitheitEfolll4.if:l6.lllll:l: 7:Yircr.c.l: 4 thkisGTCßah:uhranamPreTeTebhteduco:lnereclaeiSilh:heee)lE'dmeyraretederebeasasbreiiiitnazinnlirriSe:ueutomince:digts.ludariet°i:l:tykCCitlY''t3l(,l' I' --• skim pro% ,__Petili office. ..,M il Mr. Fr l CaTendish, in* th. attschO to 1 1 rap tg, tta i Los no: with the p : no less the of the folic Whitechar bill, and S ordinary el lowing rel withdrawn double obj sustained, remain to minate his time on Sa • MIDDL ,well) held semen, and nnl-gre• n, l'he only retention' •ho lived °use can e had un upied s GERM. , pening ay, by tl ttaehed I on was T amen, 11 distinguisl took the u tabli‘hn n-door pc g whoa eery, ,200 guff m Ger • nvalesc , • ,the ThE 1 offer yso le tnyi I aseerte ounstitu to w Rae tll3 litt/e 111 i M Or A GENE I. format' rave. 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