The Express. — London, England, 1864-03-22 00:00:00

II 2 CANDLES. -PRIZE MEDAL. PARAFFINIC—Adopted by Yr llsjratfa eoverarasaitor the military stations.' J. C. sad J. FIELD, the orlehud arasufacturees sad holders of the ISM Prise Wald, caution the public asplast say spuleas baltatious. Their label to CIO all packet" sad bona field by all dealers througheut the ldagdeve. Wholeseleaad ter stporsetioa at the Wort; UPPER MARSH. LAMBLIII. LONDON. where she nay be obtained their c elebrsted United @rebellious Tablets. HOW COLD IT HAS BEEN.-NEGRETTI and ZAMORA'S celebrated THERMOMETERS will cor rectly register the lowest teeaserstars. Price 3s. ad.-1, Hatton garden ; SO. Corolilll 153. Ineet-street ; sad 122, Regent.street. Agents wanted. THE DEPOTS AUTHENTIQUES for SALE of the SNUFFS, Tobaccos, mud C7pn, nianulactured or Im ported b THE FR ENCH GOVERNMINT TOBACCO ADMINISTRATION, are at 5)-2, PICCADILLY, W.: 60, KING WILLIAM-STICKILY, CITY. Zfit ersirtiSlS. TO 0033.13PONDENTIL errertbraento Inb;;;IeT tor " iiii&iieTs• Lowden Tirwasig Paper, meet be al taw egad, 0, Boovarboatresa, by Two Wawa oa Yu day a t pobbeattoo.l HAYIIABILET. Tins Emma. FISHJU T OFWATER. Yr. Compton.— THE SCHOOL FOR SCANDAL Messra Cleppendale, Howe, Regvrs, Compton, and Burkstone Misses bagel 1111 Snowdon. —AI4 LF..Nu FIVE SHILLING& Mr. boalutose. LYCIIIIIL_ OS EASTER lloxpAr. A1317(71 1 7131 THE FAIR. lb. ichticoato amt rIW E. lAvenue.—And Eta DEMONIO. Fechter, Broastama, Daffy, T. Morton, Charles, &ad Jordan ; alum Terry , layseoit, awl lisworlaw, awl Yrs. Lim BRITANNIA. Tun Immo. EVIL HANDS AND HONEST HEARTS. Mrs $. 'Abb.—A GRAND CONCERT. Moors. Porde, Steele, Fr‘tilloo, Pfo Whautkini Miss H. Convene y. db.—Dancing by 3tacStephszi—And TUE SHAD CAPTAIN. HIGH WATI6 AT LONDON BAIDGI. TVG DAT Aftvemoos. 16. leis V-1110110W Montag. I.lt. 13m .. .Aftwoosa. Ht. 2831. LONDON, TUESDAY, MARCH 22. PHILANTHROPISTS are proverbially enthusiastic : and the indignation excited by the unexpected dis covery of a great wrong sometimes betrays men into serious exaggeration. Only a few months ago the town was horrified by the publication of a letter from Dr. BYRNE, of Falmouth, in which he described the condition of • poor lunatic, Rosser PORTER, who bad been confined for 30 years in a house at Flushing, near Falmouth. The victim was the brother of S►MUEL, the man under whose care he lived ; but there was no sort of evidence that SAMUEL was brutal in disposition, or that be had any pecuniary interest in the lunatic's pro perty. The cue was investigated at the time, not only by Dr. BYRNE, but by the Lunacy Commissioners. There was, therefore, some guarantee against exaggeration, but still the facts revealed were so revolting that it was naturally hoped the dark outlines of the picture might be somewhat softened. Unfortunately this hope has proved fallacious. SAMUEL PORTER has been tried before Baron balm, at Bodmin, for " abusing and ill-treating " his lunatic brother ROBERT. Dr. BYRNE, Mr. LUTWIDGE, a Lunacy Commissioner, and others were placed in the witness-box. They told what they actually saw; and even after hearing them, it is difficult to be lieve that any such facts could possibly exist in this or in any other Christian country. Some thirty years ago there was living at Flushing, in Cornwall, a good-looking, robust, and intelligent young man of twenty-five, called ROBERT PORTER. He followed the business of a tailor, and lived with his father and mother. About this time, however, his reason gave way, and he became insane. Until the year 1850 his father seems to have taken care of him, and then his sister Citetmorre undertook the same office until she went to America, in 1853. Since that time his brother SaNtrit. has had him in charge. He was confined originally by SAMUEL in • room adjoining the house in which he himself lived, but about Lady-day, 1863, the lunatic ROBERT was removed in a wheelbarrow during the night to • room outside the new house which his brother had built and was about to occupy. For eleven years no human eye except that of SAMUEL PORTER had seen this miserable being, except once, about three years ago, when he was seen in his cell by a woman who, as she said, " was so frightened that she did "not know what to do." For eleven years the only evidence of his existence were the moaning cries which issued from the cell, and the fact that his brother S.tm (EL visited him with food. All the village, we are told, knew it. But, as one witness said, "no one complained, because every " body thought that they might do what they " liked with a lunatic." The modern doctrines touching lunatics have not yet reached the lower strata of society. There is still a vehement preju dice amongst the poorer classes against sending their friends or relations to a lunatic asylum ; and therefore it is not impossible that if Dr. BYRE had not interfered I:oeuitr Poems might still have been lying amidst all the abomination in which he was found. The first room where the lunatic was confined, and from which he was removed during the night in a wheelbarrow, was only 9 feet by 6. The morning after the removal this place wu visited by a man who declared that when he first at tempted to enter, " the smell came out and " knocked him back." At length he did enter. There was no bed ; no straw—only stones, and upon these stones covered with filth it was evident that the poor wretch had been lying. There wu neither fireplace, nor ventilation beyond a single window covered with a green blind. It was, ac cording to the witness, " a pig's house," and in clearing it out he " filled seven or " eight mason's wheell , arrows with the filth." The new room to which poor Poitrtit was re moved was hardly an improvement. It was, in deed, somewhat larger. But there was no fire place—nothing but a single window, and the same intolerable stench as before. The only articles of furniture were a truck-bed with laths across,' a frying-pan, and a dirty pewter pot. There lay the lunatic s l ii.itting down, but supporting himself on his hands, the legs doubled up, the knees against the chest, and his heels against the thighs, the feet crossed one over the other. Yet lost as he wu, the glimmering instinct of the poor wretch seemed to revolt against what he had mistaken for food. There was uo bedding, but there were three pieces of sacking, which he had coiled round him for warmth after the visitor had opened the window. His body was sheathed in dirt, and covered with sores. His hair was roughly cut—his appearance was unhealthy and careworn, as if he had been half starved, but at the same time he was not entirely without intelligence. In short, here was a human being afflicted with a terrible calamity, placed under the care of his own brother, but for whom that brother had neglected to make such provisions as mere humanity might have dictated. If Mr. OAF, the counsel for SAMUEL Ponrrn, had confined himself to the technical objection which he tweed against the indictment—that the Act of Parliament under which it was framed did not apply to a cue in which a husband take. care of a lunatic wife or a man takes care of his brother —he would have confined himself within the sphere Wyss, of hie proforicsal duty. But with singular iudiaccation he thought it docent to attack the Lunacy and Dr. Brans in such a fashion as to draw upon himself the rebuke of the prodding Judge. There can be no doubt that those authorities and Dr. BUS only per formed a public duty. The misfortune is that it should be possible for a man in the position of 5.1131171 L Pours to escape notice for so many years. It is not long Ind • farmer was tried at Exeter for a very similar offence and was con victed. The facts then proved did much to enlighten the people of Devonshire. It is to be hoped that the story of ROOM and Smsuat Pont= will have the same bene ficial effect upon the inhabitants of Cornwall. The true nature of lunacy has certainly not yet reached the vulgar mind. SAMUEL PORT/La has indeed been convicted, but he has been recom mended to mercy by the jury on the singular ground that he did not know the law. It might I be thought that humanity was • duty which every man owes to his neighbour, without the command of the legislature. But axording to old notions lunatics are no more than wild beasts, and these notions must be eradicated before juries can take a reasonable view of the obligation incurred by the sane to the insane. THE foundation of an Empire is a difficult enterprise even whenthe sword has most completely done its work. This the Archduke MAXIMILIAN now finds to his inconvenience. His Imperial Highness had much to arrange at Paris, and left much unarranged when he departed. One of his chief difficulties was connected with the furnishing of his Imperial treasury. Not that money was not forthcoming in abundance. The eminent financiers of that capital were by no means unwilling to help him : on the contrary : they wanted to do too much for him. It is well known that they are men of ample means and the grandest conceptions. The Emperor designate could have had any amount of money he required, if he had been able to appreciate the noble projects un folded before him. The Banker-Princes of Paris are not vulgar•money lenders, and the operation they were ready to undertake for the ARCHDUKE was nothing less than the complete financial organisation and occupation of the new Empire. A National Bank which they were eager to found, a paper currency which they would supply and regulate, formed, in connection with proposals for an export duty on the precious metals, the conditions, and, as it ultimately proved, the sole conditions, under which they would touch the required loan. The ARCHDUKE had the good sense to see how foolish it would be to impose such a burden on Mexico, and refused to sell his new subjects before he had his Empire in possession. Thus the grand "combinations" of which we have heard so much of late are dissolved, and the ARCHDUKE will go to Mexico with a small sum of money in hand, trusting to his good fortune to be able to make better terms in the capital of his new Empire than the magnificent ideas of Parisian financiers permitted him to do on this side the Atlantic. trbt Court. WINDSOR CASTLE, Msica 21. The Queen, accompanied by Princess Louise, walked and drove in the grounds this morning. The Bishop of London had the honour of dining with the Queen, the King of the Belgium, and the royal family, yesterday. The Prince of Wales rode on horseback yesterday morn ing, attended by Lientenant-Colonel Koppel, and visited the Dueller of Hamilton. The Priem and Princess of Wales, accompanied by Prince John of Ghicksburg, took a carriage drive in the efiernooo. The Prince and Princess of Wales had a dinner patty in the evening. The oonipany consisted of Prince John of Glucksburg, the Turkish Ambassador and Madame Mamma the French Ambassador, the Danish Minister, the Duke of Si Albans. Viscount Falk land, the Duchess of St. Albans, and Lady Diana Beauclerk, Earl and Countess de Grey, Viscount Bury, Viscount Hamilton, Viscount Sudley, Lieutenant. Colonel the Hon. Henry and Mrs. Byog, Lieutenant-General and Um. Knollys, Baron Guldencrone (Gentleman in at tendance on Prince John), Lieutenant-Colonel Koppel, and Mr. C. L Wood. Visomintoss Bury was prsrestod by indisposition from diniog with their Royal Highnesses. The Countess de Flahault (Et...Tones* Keith and Nairn.) was prevented by indisposition from attending the Drawing Room on Saturday last. The Right Hon. Win. Hutt, M.P., and Mn.s Hutt, left town yesterday for Gibeicle. A deputation from the pariah of Dorking, and a deputa tion from the Ass...meats' Committee of the City of London Union, had each an interview with the Right Hon. C. P. Villiers, at the office of the Poor-law Bosrd yesterday. The deputation from the parish of Dorking consisted of Mr. Young, Mr. Dibble, Mr. Ivory, Mr. Fidler, Mr. Boma, Mr. Ball, Mr. Wood, Mr. Cousins, Mr. Dewdney, and Mr. Roe, and was introduced by Mr. Briscoe, M.P., and Mr. Cubitt, M.P. The deputation from the Assessments Committee of the City of London Union consisted of Mr. ' Whiteside, Mr. Bengough, Mr. Warwick, Mr. Hatchet% Mr. R. Williams, Mr. Crane, and Mr. Bowling (clerk). Dispatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-offios from the Governor of Canada. THE DUKE OF NEWCASTLE.—The answer to inquiries instituted this morning at Thomas's Hotel, where the Duke of Newcastle is staying, is that his grace is some what better, but that he is still very weak in consequence of his recent severe attack of innate. The Duchess of Cambridge was present at the 11 cm. service at the Chapel Royal, Whitehall, on Sunday (being Palm Sunday), when the sermon was preached by the Very Rev. Dr. Magee, Dean of Cork. The Duke of Hamilton leaves town to-morrow for Paris. The Duchess and Lady Mary Hamilton intend to leave Hamilton House, Arlington-street, at the close of this or early in the ensuing week, with the intention of staying in nixie for a few weeks, when they return to London on their way to Hamilton Palace, the family seat in Lanark shire. A lecture cu capital punishment waa delivered by the R.•. Newman Hall, et th. Surrey Chapel, last evening. The chair was taken by Mr. C. Gilpin, M.P., who strongly rulvocattd tho abolition of death punishments. The directors of the Agricultural Hall Company will hold their second International Show of Dogs at the Hall, Islington, on the tv/tb, 28th, 3lltli, 31st May, and Ist June, 1864. The prize list has been submitted to the noblemen and gentlemen who acted as judges last year, and carefully revised. The 6ttiop will be materially improved. A complete and separate compartment will be devoted to kennels for the fozhoanda and harriers, with ample room for " a show on the esp ;" and kennels will also be pro vided for teams of spaniels. A letter from Sonderburg in the Siiele says : "A Desists officer has taken on himself the mission of studying the deviations, according to distance, of the rifles of the Prussians, lie goes every day to the advanced posts, provided with a glass, and wakes a memorandum of his ob servations. Tie day before yesterday a German rifleman perceived this offi,xr on the look-out at the distance of about 600 metres. The soldier, instinctively obedient to military respectfully made the salute, and then proceeded to attempt to lodge a ball in the officer's body. Thelatter rejoiced at the opportunity of making a fresh observation, and whilst the soldier placed himself ageism** tree in order to take a steadier aim, the officer raised his glass to watch his movements. 'That is ei right,' said be ; • the insole is just on a line with my breast—we shall see.' The trigger was pulled, and the Dane quietly wrote down, 'At the dis tance of about GOO yards the deviation of a ball from • rifled musket is about one metre.'" LATEST INTELLIGENCL THZ SLESWIG INVASION. The bidipendance Beige of yesterday evening says that there is a belief in Denmark of some un derstanding between France, Russia, and England, which powers, in some opportune moment, will, they think, intervene to separate the combatants, and suggest terms of peace. However this may be, the hictipoidance believes that no mediation or negotiation whatever will stop the course of military events until the allies find themselves masters of the whole of Sleswig, and that so much has been done already at Duppel and Fredericia that it is not possible to draw back. The Germans seem to have taken all the advanced positions of Fredericia, and on Sunday they commenced to bombard the city and citadeL On the same day the fire opened against the south side of Duppel, the Prussians possessing all the positions opposite and at the foot of the place. The letters we receive from Jutland accuse the Austrians of deplorable excesses at Bolding and Veils. The Austrian soldiers entered houses and bayonetted the inhabitants or dragged them out into the street and shot them. Even the most peaceable inhabitants were driven from their homes and their property pillaged by the Austrians. Horsens, between Veile and Fredericia, was occupied by 6,000 Austrians, but they have evacu• ated the town and retired southwards. Nmia's FRANCE. _ PARIS. MAilca 22. . . The Moniteur of this morning, again referring to the affair of Cardinal Bonald, says :—" Upon the 11th March Cardinal Ronald addressed a letter to the clergy of his diocese stating that the Moniteur had been misled by false information, and that he bad only learned the pretended dissatisfaction of the Pope from that journal. We reply that the information in the Moniteur was official. Expla nations were requested by the French Ambassador on the 23rd February, and were given the same day by Cardinal Anton.lli. It was not, however, until the 9th March that the latter conveyed the expression of his Holiness's censure of the indiscreet publication by Cardinal Bonald." ROME. MARSEILLES, M►uH 21. Letters from Rome to the 19th inst. state that the Pope has been better ainco the operation upon the tumour on bis leg. The fever had disappeared, and his Holiness had received the French ambas sador, with whom he had a long conversation. The Archduke Maximilian was expected at Rome. EMBARKATION OF GARIBALDI FOR ENGLAND. TURIN, MAscu The Opinion of to-day says:—" Yesterday the English steamer Valetta touched at Caprera, and embarked Garibaldi and six other persons. " It is believed that Garibaldi proceeds to Eng land, where he bas been expected for some days." ESPOUSAL OF THE INFANTA DONNA MARIA ISABEL OF ORLEANS WITH THE COUNT OF PARIS. SEVILLE, MARCH 18. The espousal of the Infanta Donna Maria Isabel of Orleans and Bourbon with her cousin, the Count of Paris, will take place on the 19th inst., in the Palace of San Teime, with great solemnity. The ceremony will be performed by the Cardinal Arch bishop of Seville, and will be followed by the ratifi cation of the marriage articles. The President of the Rudiencia of Seville will act as Chief Notary of the Kingdom, representing the Minister of Grace and Justice. The following telegram has been received at Mr. Reuter's office from the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company : THE CALCUTTA AND CHINA MAILS. ALEXANDRIA, Yawn 21. The Euxine left at 4 p.m. yestenlay, with the Marseilles portion of the above mails. The Ripon, with the heavy portiou of the magi's, sailed at 6 a.m. this day for Southampton. The Rangoon brought the mails to Suez, arriving there on the lith inst. (two days early). EXPRESS FROM PARIS. THE TRIAL AT AIX. (nom OUR OWN CORRF-SPONDENT.) PARIS. MOIcDAT EVIDSVO. The story of the new plot, the existence of which the Monifeur of to-day denies, had its origin, as I hear, in the following circumstances :—When the Archduke Maximilian quitted the Tuileries for London, he accidentally left behind him a casket containing some jewellery of uo great value, and about 500 francs in money. He telegraphed for his property, and then it was found that it had been appropriated by two servants in the palace. They said, to excuse themselves, that they were under the impression that the archduke bad left the box with its contents as a present for them ; but this version not being considered admissible, they were arrested for theft. Out of these facts grew the tale that a box full of Orsini bombe had been found in the Tuileries, and that arrests had been made in the entourage of the court. Count Charles de Nieuwerkerke, formerly a gen tlemen of the chamber of Charles X., died in Paris yesterday, aged 75. He was the father of the superintendent of the hue arts. The extraordinary trial at Aix is still giing on, and excites immense ictervit throughout the south of France. It was interrupted for a great portion of two successive days by the illness of A juryman. Oue of the jury hal been takes ill early in the proceedings, and his place had been supplied, according to law, by one of the two supplemental jurors in waiting. But when at the sitting of the court the other day it was announced that another juryman, who had obtained leave to go to Mar seilles for the night, was too unwell to return, the presiding judge said lie was afraid to resort to the only remaining supplemental juror, because the trial was likely to last a long while, and if another man were to break down the case would have to be tried over again at another session. The Procureur- General telegraphed to Marseilles to know whether there was any chance of the sick juryman being able to attend the next day, and after a delay of some hours received a medical certificate to the effect that be was very bad, and would be utterly unable to come. In this di lemma the judge asked the jury and the prisoner's counsel to help him to come to a decision. The Procureur-General proposed that by consent the trial should be recommenced then and there, but this expedient was declined. The jury at last de cided that, notwithstanding the telegraphic me dical certificate, their colleague might perhaps not be so ill as was represented, and that the least of two evils would be to adjourn for a day. Curiously enough, the invalid juror appeared in the box on Saturday morning, and said lie hoped to be able to sit out the trial. The evidence ou Saturday and TUESDAY EVEI4ING, MARCH Is, 1864. Sunday consisted d conflicting medical evidabee as to the possibility of Maurice Roux having put the rope round his own neck, and tied up his own bands. The porter of the court was made a " sub ject," laid upon a table, and in the presence of judge and jury tied in the way in which Maurice Roux was described to have been found by the witnesses who cut the cords. The judge himself tied his bands behind him, and one of the medical witnesses bound himself hand and foot to illustrate his testimony. Letters from Aix say that this cord practice is now a favourite amusement in all the clubs, cafes, and drawing-rooms of the town. Dr. Tardieu, of Paris, g►ve a most confident opinion that Maurice Roux was an impostor, and that he had deceived the doctors who attended him. He be lieved it to be true that he was in a state of asphyxia caused by the gradual pressure of the rope which he had put round his own neck, but he said that this asphyxia must have been very recent —probably not of more than half an hour's dura tion—and could not possibly have been going on for several hours as the prosecutor alleged. He denied that the small excoriation on the nape of the neck was the result of a blow, and said that the man could not have been stunned by a blow with out the external consequences of it being apparent. He believed that the dumbness of Roux, when in terrogated by the Judge of Instruction, was simu lated. This opinion is supported by several pro vincial swoons of eminence. On the other hand, several Montpellier doctors maintain that Maurice was stunned by a blow which had produced what they call in French commotion. At the Bourse there is scarcely any change. Rente, for account, fell 5c., and Mobilier l fr. 25c. POPE PIUS ON THE STUDY OF SCIENCE. We publish to-day a brief addressed by the Pope to the Archbishop of Munich, ou the subject of the congress of the Roman catholic 'arena of Germany lately held in that city. It will be seen that the Pontiff expresses his surprise at the meeting of this body, and also a variety of apprehensions which it has canard in his mind. On the Continent this docu ment is construed as a general censure of the opinions and proceedings of what are called liberal catholics ; and many of the expressions are under stood to refer as much to M. Montalembert and the congress of Malines, as to the scientific gentle men who assembled at Munich. The document is as follows : TO OUR VLIIIIABLR FAroga Garoorr, ARCHBISHOP or MUNICH AND or Frismour. PICK THI NISTH, Pori. Venerable Brother, health mid apostolic beeediction ! We have received with pleasure your letter dated the 7th of October last, a letter by which you kaolin us what parted in the congress at Munich ie the preoeding mouth of Sep tember, amoog some theologians end learned catholic of Germany, who were occupied with divers questions relating principally to the teaching of theology and of philosophy. The letter which, by our order, was written to you by our venerable brother Mathieu. Archbishop of Neocesarc'e, and Nuncio of the Apostolic See of the Court of Bavaria, has already apprised you, venerable brother, al what senti ment& we had received the first news of the projected co greet, and afterwards learnt how the said theologians sod other catholics had been invited to and assembled at that congress. We certainly did not wish to doubt the praiseworthy end which the authors and abettors of the aseembly proposed to themselves. Doubtless, they ex pected from the congress of so many catholic, remark able for their scieoce, from their common deliberations and their united forces, that • new impulse would be given to true science in the catholic church in Germany, and hoped that it would thus be avenged and defended against the opinions and the perverse and very pernicious efforts of to many adversaries. But placed, though unworthy, in the sublime chair of the Prince of the Apostles, in times so diffi cult, when the authority of the bishops is more necessary than ever to secure the unity and integrity of the catholic doctrine, and when it is important to preserve it in all its force, me could not help being extraordinarily astonished at seeing the conrocatiou of the above-mentioned congrem made and plass/ad in the name of some individuals in marls a manner that nothing is to be found which came from the impulsion, from the authority, and front the mission of the ecclesiastical power, to whirls alone it Wong*, by proper and natural right, to watch over and direct doctrine, parts cu. tarty in maters relating to theological questions. Cer tainly this is a thing, and you know it, quite new, and altofether unusual in the church. This is the macro, venerable brother, why we have wished to make you acquainted with our sentiments, is order that you and your venerable brothers, the bishops of Ger many, may exactly judge whether the end indicated in the programme of the coogreas was of a nature to prove 'mini to the church. We were at the same time certain, venerable brother, that, in your pastoral solicitude, you would employ all the counsels and the efforts of your zeal to prevent any damage from being occasioned in this con gress, whether to the integrity of the faith and the catholic doctrine, or to the full obedience which catholic* of every order and of erery condition owe to the authority of the church, and to the mission which she has received to teach. For the rest, we cannot conceal that we have suffered considerable uneasiness ; foe we fear lest the example of this congress, ass gabled without eeelesiastial authority, may eerie by degrees to bring about an attack on the right of spiritual mirernment and of legitimate teaching, which, in virtue of the divine institution, belongs of right to the Roman Pontiff and to the bishops who ore in union and in accord with the sueeetsor of St. Peter; and that by ream° of this trouble thus introduced into the government of the church, the principle of unity sod of obedience is matters of faith may one day be weakened among many. We feared also that in the same conyrem there might come to be uttered and :yearned opinions and systems which, espe cially by the publicity whit...standar be giren to them, might place in peril the purity of catholic doctrine and the duty of submission. For we recalled with profound grief, vene rable brother, that the apostolic see, in order to fulfil the heavy duty which is imposed on it, has been compelled in late times to censure and to inter dict the works of some German writers, who, knowing not howto separate themodres from a (Trial* prin. Mole or method of a false science, or from the deceitful philosophy of the day, have been led without wishing it, as we delight to think, to propound sod teach doctrines which depart from the true sense and the legitimate inter pretation of many dogmas of our holy faith. It is thus th►t they have revived errors already condemned by the church, and have explained, in a sense entirely false, the nature and the proper character of divine revelation and of the faith. We know also, venerable brother, that among the catholic's demoted to the study of the higher science, there were some who, reckonimi too much on the strength of the human mind, hare not allowed thentmlves to be stopped by the fear of enconntering error, and who, while wishing for science a deceitful and scarcely sincere liberty, hare been corned • beyond the linWs which may not be crossed, at least to the renouacing of the obedience due to the dirine authority ' which the church has receired to teach, and to preserve intact the whole deposit of revealed truth. Whence it has happened that these catholic*, dupes of unhappy illusions, often sin , ' theraselres in agreement with those who declaim against tlw decrees of this apostolic see, and of our congrega tions, saying that those decrees are an obstacle to the free progress of science, and thee exposing themselves to break the sacred ties of obedience which, in the order of the Divine will, ought to attach them to that some apostolic set, in stituted by God Himself to 6e the interpreter and defender of the truth. We were not ignorant either that in Germany had prevailed false prejudices against the cadent school, and against the doctrine of the great doctors whom the universal church reveres for their admirable wisdom and for the holiness of their life. That false opiaiou has even attacked the authority of the church, "Moe It is the church herself which, during so many successive ages, not ally permitted the cultivation of theological science according to the method of those doctors, and according to the principles consecrated by the unanimous wooed of all the catholic school', but has also very often bestowed the greatest praises epos their theolo- gical science, and has strongly recommended it as offering the beet means of defending the faith, and the most terrible weapons against its enemies. The very imported duty dour supreme apostolic mugs ay, sad the special love with which we embrace all the cattails of Gersoaay, a very dear pert of the Lord's flock, seitaited sad drew car mad towards all them thoughts, when it was preoccupied with so many term Moreover, herby received the intellipmes of the projected cooper, we were anxious that the matters =phased above should be signified to you. When it bad been kiddy reported to us that, yielding tette entreaties of the anthers of that megress, you bad accorded, viseirable brother, antbority to hada, that you had solemnly inaugurated it by the feelebration of the holy mysteries, that emulations had there taken place in sash a manse as not to deviate it from the doctrine of the catholic church; when by the sum missive the mbar of that emigres implored our apostolic benediction, we yielded without any delay to their pions wishes. However, we awaited with the greatest anxiety your letters, that we might learn from yourself, venerable brother, sad in the paned detail, all that could be re ported "apathy this outran Now that we have re- I ceived from you what we desired so ardently, we bope that, with God's aid, this assembly, a you assure us, will be of great service In Germany for the catholic church. In fact, all the members of this congress, you wile, have pro claimed that the propene of the sciences, sad the mesas of avoiding and refuting the very unfortunate errors of oar ego, entirely depend on en intimate adhesion to the re retied truths taught by the catholic church ; they have recognised and professed this truth, whisk true catholic, devoted to the study sad development of the sci ems, hare always kept and transmitted. Resting upon this truth, leaned men and tree unbolt= have been able to cultivate the edema without peril, to labour in their development and to reader them useful and certain. But this remit could not be obtained if even in the search of truths which it our attain by its faculties and its own strength, the light of human ream, cireemenled in its limits, did not above all respect as it oughttodothe infallible and encrusted light of the divine intelligence which burns admirably on every side in the Christian revelation. Although, in fact, the natural sciences rest lima their own principles, ascertained by reason, it is neotawszy that catholic. who cultivate them have always before their eyes Cam revelation, as a star which guides them, mad whose light aids them in preserving themeless from dangers and errors when in their researches sad studies they perceive that they may allow themselves to be led, as very often happens, to later words more or less contrary to the infallible truth of thiop which have been revealed by Cod. We do not wish to doubt that the members of the maven, kacieriag and pro faisiog the truth of what we have reminded them, have at the same time wished to reject and fully reprobate that meet and false method of philosophy which, while admitting divine revelation as an historical fact, submits to the investiptions of human ream ineffable truths taught by that same revelation, as if these truths arose from reason, or as if reason, by its owe strength sad its named principles, could acquire the knowledge sod the •61111011 of all the supernatural truths of our holy faith, and of mysteries which are so ninth atone it, that it can sever become tumbled understanding them, or of demonstrating them by it, own forces sod in virtue of its natural Kaneko. We address eulogies that are deserved to this assembly, bemuse, rejecting, as we expected of it, that false dis tinction between philosopher and philosophy of which we have spoken in our previous letters, they have recognised and affirmed that all catholic., in their writings, are held in conscience to obey the dogmatic dares of the catholic church, which is infallible. In giveg these praises which are their due for hang confessed a truth which necessarily result. from the obligation of preferring the catholic faith, we wish to persuade °undoes that they havens) , intended to restrict this duty of submission, by which catholic professes and writers are strictly &mad, to the role points d<tined by the infallible jud _meat of the church as dogmas of faith which all oejht to believe. And ice persuade ourselves that they hire not wished to de clare that this perfect adhesion to revealed trials.: which they have recognised as altogether swe'ssary to the progress of the sciences and the refutation of errors could be obtained if faith and obedience were only granted to the dogmas exprissly defined by the church. Even when the sub mission due to the divine faith is the only q nation, they could not restrict it to the sole points defined by express decree of socumeoical councils or Rowse pontiffs and of this apostolic see : it would be necessary further to extend it to all which is transmuted as divinely revealed by the ordinary body of instruction of the whole church diapered over the universe, and which, for this oases, catholic theologises, with universal and capstan consent, regard as belonging to faith. But as the question is of the submission which is due in conscience from all those catholic. who give themselves to the study of the speculative sciences in order to procure to the church new advantages by their writings, the members of the congress ought to recognise that it is not sufficient for catholic saran, to mann and respect the dogmas of the church of which we come to speak, and that they ought also to submit themselves both to the doc trinal decisions which emanate from pontifical swamp time, sod to the points of doctrine which by common and constant consent are held in the church as truths, and a. oaten theological oacludoits, and that the oppceiteopthioes, although they cannot be qualified as heretical, merit, nevertheless, some other theological ensure. We do not think that those who took part is the congers of Munich were able or wished in any way to contradict the doctrine above stated, a doctrine which proceeds from true principles, and which is that of the church ; we prefer, on the contrary, to hope that io devoting themselves to the culture of the most elevated sciences they had at heart to conform to this doctrine and to take it for their guide That which specially MUSA oar confidence, venerable brother, are the lottors which have come to us through you, for we have seen ie them with extreme con solation the assurance that in ceiling the coopers together they themselves the least part of the authority which beams entirely to the church ; and at the same time they tell us that they could not dissolve the marrow without having previously protested the respect, obedience, and filial piety which they have for us and for thew of Peter, the centre of the catholic unity. Sines these ere the sentiments with which they recognise our su preme authority and the power of the ape toilet sec—since at the same time they under stood the gravity of the truth which our Lord Jesus Christ himself imposed upon us of governing and directing His whole church, of feeding His whole Hock in the maturates of holy doctrine, and of continually watching lest the holy faith and His doctrine should receive the slightest iejury— we cannot doubt that in devoting themselves to the study and to the teaching of the higher sciences and to the defence of holy doctrine, they also recognise that it is a duty for them to religiously follow the rules constastly observed in the Church, and to obey all the decrees which have been given on matters of doctrine by our supreme Pontifical authority. We make all these communications to you, strongly de. siring that you should bring them to the knowledge of all those who assisted at this congress ; but, nevertheless, if it appears to us that there is cause for it, we shall not fail to give ample instructions epos the subject to you and to our venerable brothers the bishops of Germany, when we know your views and theirs upon the fitness of these kinds of congress. Finally, we can more very urgently , appeal to your solicitude and pastoral vigilance, that in con cert with our venerable brothers the other bishops of Ger. many, you cease not to consecrate all your cars and thoughts on the defence and propagation of holy doctrine. Do not fail to impress upon all the necessity of carefully avoiding pro fans novelties and of not allowing themselves to be seduced by those who unceasingly vaunt the false liberty of science, sad who extol, not only its true progress, but also the erron which they impudently please to decorate with that name. Do not cease with zeal and ardour to seldom to al ' your exhortations that they use their energies and efforts in acquiring true Christian and catho lic wisdom, and that they he'd is great esteem, as is right, the truths and the solid progress of science which have been realised in catholic schools in following the direction and teachings of oar holy and divine faith ; that in the study of the theological sciences especially they attach themselves to the firm prin ciples sad doctrines upon which the wise and leaned teachers who have acquired immortal glory in ren dering brilliant and reel services to the thumb and to science unanimously relied. It is in this way assuredly that in cultivating the sciences, esthetics can with the aid of God, know, develop, and make known more day by day, as much as it is gives to man to do, the treasure of the truths which God has put in the works of Nature and of Once, so that man, after having bloom them by the light of reason and of faith and having carefully conformed his life to them may contemplate unveiled and in the clearness of the eternal glory, the ave rage truth, that is to say, God, and enjoy Him for ever in the plenitude of eternal happiness. It is with much joy that we avail ourselves of this oppor teaity to resew the swarm* of our peculiar affection for yOU. BAOIOII the pledge dit in the spostolicel benediction which we give to you in its fulness, venseable brother, sag to the do* wedded to your we. Ofven at items, ►t & Peter, Dee. 21 of the year liicA the eighteenth of our Pontifical. _ Prue IL, POP!. M. GOUNOVS NSW OPERA "MIREILLZ." The first representation of M. Gounal'a new opera Mirrifle took place at the Thatre•Lvrique, Paris, on Beton* night. The subject of the opera is taken from a poem by M. Frederic Mistral. The critic al the Sukk remarks :—" For works of this importance, CO. hearing is not sufficient. Never, perhaps, was a booze better disposed. The applause came altogether, with a marvellous unanimity, well calculated to encourage the artistes and glorify the composer. The least note had its applanden, spontanecue claqueurs, if such there were, en raptured, and stamping with delight. Ido not blame—l state. I the representation with a contused mind. If it were neetreary for me to pronounce at own, under threat of torture, I should may that there Is in this work a grand in spiratioo. Do not ask me more at present ; permit me to adjourn final judgment fora week." The critic of the Tempe, promising details in another snide, mays :—"The fret acts were very favourably received; at the fourth act the action appeared to languish, sad the con chiaion of the piece seemed tittle satisfactory. We did not expect to see Xireille in an agony for an act and a half only to die far good, with the sole object of proving that the father and mother ought not to seek to disunite hearts which are united by love. The score will be counted smoept the beet of Y. Gounod's productions." THE EASTER MONDAY REVIEW. At the recent meeting of commanding officers, to make arraegensents for the forthcoming Easter review at Guildford, colonel leilardo expressed a wish that every volunteer would bring a bag of some kind with provisions ; and either a cape, coat, or, which would do quite as well, a blanket, in case of wet weather. He also maid that there was Do occasion for usiformity is this ; but the capes a other coverings ought all to be folded in the same way. The Mayor of Guildford writes : " As chairman of the Guildford committee I should be greatly obliged if you could draw attention to the fact that we are anxious that those volunteers who arrive early 'sough should have an opportunity of getting breakfast on moderate terms, and with is little inconvenience as possible to themselves or their commanding officers, and we have therefore engaged for that purpose the public halls, which have a large space in front suitable for ' the breaking off and formation of companies.' But as it had been previou►ly decided that all the volunteers should be carried a mils beyond Guildford, and this arrangement was only altered yesterday, we have so time to communicate with the commanding officers, so as to ascertain how many of their men are likely to want breakfast here ; and until we can obtain such information we are not in • position to make terms with those who could supply the required refreshments." Mr. Martin F. Tupper has just published the :nth edition of •little sixpenny volume, entitled " The Bide Move• meat Foreshown, in Prose and Vern, from 1848 to the present time," with an appendix on the review of Monday ant. Mr.Tupper says that the place is exceeding difficult of allege for large multitudes. " I much fear" he writes," than Loadoe's swarming Eaeter•Moadayites, and oar gallant volunteers, with their gentry-friends, and, worst of all, the tag-rag and bobtail common to fairs, races, and re• views, will be inextricably puzzled how to make their w►y through the few narrow, sandy, rutty lanes leading to the some of action—itself • rough, bleak moor— and as for the rush back to the stations there cannot fail of being very much need of patience and good arrangement to prevent confusion. Howevor, the general for the Jay, with his staff, and the policemen, and dragoons, sad every wise man for himself and party, must see to all that. What I have it on my conscience to proclaim is, that neither the present writer, nor any local judge of the neighbourhood, is responsible for selection of the site. Still, here it is, fixed; doubtless, • great deal will be intermediately dose to width approaches and to expedite all else ; and we are each now called upon to bear ourselves and oar troubles manfully sad patiently and houourably—making the best of everything. I trust that if any of the swell-mob, pickpockets, burglars, ticket-of-leavers on the look-out for • new spell of prism indul germs, pilfering costermoagers, skittle sharpers, taropike mikes, insolent beggars, (mother like miserable' are insight at any of their littlegames,they will be immediately headed over ' to the police ; let no man show mercy to such spoilers of the ' honest holiday-maker's sport —such mean foes to a inevitable neighhourhood.throwing their houses freely open to strangers —such enemies to all good fellowship, and generally of the ram. We, exposed and unprotected ooaatryfolk, is mansion or cottage (very lonely both in park and wood), de mand, if not the forbearance of thieves and ruffians, at least the protecting presence of sentinel' and polls; sad • large detachment of the latter ought to remain hovering about the Modred of Blackheath until the country is thoroughly purged of its linger ing tramps, Opens, vagabonds, and burglars. Bat all this is by the way ; sad yet it may be well to add • word of counsel as to the commissariat. The multitude is likely to be very great ; so let each man and woman come well provisioned as well as armed against weather--aot depending too much on local supplies or accommodations, which may very possibly be found to fail. The friendly ihvasiou being in the Enter holidays may pos sibly last some days, and board and lodging will scarcely be had for love or money. . . . The roads of aeons area narrow British lane froinChilworth Stakes. continued on t►e other side of the heath by way of " Ford " to Shimley-green, an old road from Weeersh oommon, another near Lackner Holt, and some of even more difficult navigation from Annoy Village, Albury commoo, Farley-green, and Woodhill. Altogether, unless thine are some expensive and marvellous widening' of deep lanes, I fear our possible 100,000 visitors to Blackheath —volunteers, gentry, Easter-Monday artisans, and roughs— will inevitably stick fast in all its approaches ; the more se if they come in carriages, carts, trucks, and ammunition waggons ; few will get there, ►nd still fewer get away. Let us hops for fine weather sad • warm night ; for most of the so-called "return-tickets" will have to camp out—camplees —on Blackheath ; and every neighbour, from the peer to the peasant, mast, for very humanity's sake, show abundant WEATHER REPORT.-(THIS DAY.) TIMMY, MARCH B B. K V. Nitre 29. 51 40 .1 &birdies 1 2 4.1+139 S L - 1411 3 Jrc - tau I'-'. 1 .6140 2 niraitle ,2927 42 1 429.65 44 2 •29.6945 2 Cape Clefs 41: 1 Queasier& stab, 45 1 Liverpool 43 hi S Ficityttead Pembroke 12..76 4 3 Peassime . 46 4 Brest 1 4 1 1 5 1 4 ,...1 4, 1 V Orient ..... 49 60 koebefort 01.49 5i 3 Pl3moath 429 Its 42 3 Weymouth 12. 0 .69 40 3 'ortimsouth Lomita, I Doerr ' 0 O7 12 1 Yarmouth lO 74 40 1 teirborouh ti 4 52 40 Silgado '29 65 40 4 Beilieland a.s. w. S.S E. N. N.N.W. N. E. PIODABLIt. Y. IX.. Q. 1. 1 0 Z: or 212 141 s 11 4 o 2• 4 10 re 1 , 2 8 use 2 1 31 .o 0 Z be 26 8 c 3 5 , co 2. 3 8 46 4 c 1 2 6 bna 4 0 8j co 7 1 6 4 co 3 4 3 3 1 mo 2 , 6 1 b 4 6 ,be 4' 6 ' 3 4 co 4 4 _ c 4 4 101 0 I 4 10 I o 2 12 • 0 5' 6 bo WILDNVADAT. ;kg . t o s W ., fresh, os voirnw S.E. to S.W.. moderat! unsettled. Coasts. to strong , rain In plat-ea N. to E. and mon. W rrrettg. Z. tog. and to A.S.W., dente to strong, some fresh to strong, some rain in place.. raln. As nest above. !Inerrant". F, N. a. to S.A.E., fresh. IL N. C. km S.S.F. and EA.,16.11.4. E. to S. and to S.W., S Mt W., moderate 1.3 fresh. fresh, generally tine. Northern.Sootland. Western= Ireland, Wales, and ad alettletoo. gonitmeni, English Channel and Maui bay. Sodom ro.intward Zogland and if eligolaimiL A letter from Munich of the 18th says :—" The young King of Bavaria this day gave audience to M. de Stockhausen, the representative of Duke Frederick GI Angwiteclinrg. His Majesty received M. de Stockhausen as the official representative of the Duke of Holstein, sod with the same ceremonial as the of representatives of sovereigns." The tomb of King Joseph, the eldest brother of Napoleon 1., and formerly Stag of Spain, haa jolt ban eomplated at the Invalidos, in the chapel to the right of Saperor's tomb. The ex-King'. remains will shortly be treasferred to the new tomb from the vault in which they were deposited is 1862. when brought from Florence, where Bing Joseph died in 1846. 001:1114 This wsi T omei *OI foribeoesm dash of 61 ~,d it in o „umwm. bitmat aba am. rot pawl The ban Lairds, elm := 1 :1 Hie Hose us iil the hi heokruPh 3 7 plow The heal of Noble•ei tankruP 4 • him ea the named Ede immediate sod Mr. Hs rola The boa aliged snde, i c ed I pa i• His Item She chaise TIN buil Liverpool. under blislumot beokropt come overt Loodoo boa beer obis — Thai wag bankrupt's 3001. ; the I able. Mr. trade uric Messrs. Brc Mr. WM waited on I to the nu coafeasioe. Mr. Will bad been n had been se Er bin th!t he his care lc mover. the work! identity, t winnows w woman wha nufortanati have mud the primes Mr. Valli reeollectioe with the de not the OM Inspector able padtiv but she roe the prices.' the pewees Jacksoe we Mr. Veng the min? be a=4l Mr. VW% .gram QM two witness laspector as asylum I Mr. Valli are his trim lospectof me eodeavc Mr. Very b oot tbe a would be yi take care of The inapt Cater, II oxp A y, 1 b 7 roam.' ROYAL timber c 4 emdlag Ma