The Express. — London, England, 1849-01-25 00:00:00

Tairesam4 Des. 111.—The Keriam. tress Commatimple, was item ea ahem et °wham, alma 160 smiles west of Ws phase daubs a ph. ea 12th lash. mad is is sapeswell wan be ano a teed wrest Kam, les. it —The Thelis. tam Ccalloadiespie, tor Oak, pas la Meer ea the 12th last, to reply, king Jeff bah,. Dommassis. it —The Thema, _hem Myth, whieh treat sa ohm et the mama of the Mauer, da the 1611 lest., wee pad yeelardep, sad imaght is, elm diadmeag pen et ha mege. Lommeeitimaar. am. The Adveatore, Werkiag lea. ported hem bee mashers. whilst ia Leoghhyle, lt im sh e . h a rest sk Pmps:sod."asellietswjerlitsheas-"aredaw:e.a wady The 111sehout Whits. hem Itelligesishe for Leaden, lemma imperb the Orem Dell ea the Nth Ost. sad sot elms hem hard el The 1/11earda, after befog sees days it the aka Bm, hits se larmi Mee the Doman, les.a li ttrami Galley, lying at liegslaws, for Triaidaii, slipped bra Me maim ea the 214 last. sad deem ea ***Oat wes soisesi sable. wear, sad mist pas bask to this pleas se Wedowee sad repair. rams. Ism. 9.—The Ciao:dazed. of sad from Bellasori M Dahlia. Wei deadened se the 4011 lath, la a slaking mate of this brad; new semi. lessax. lea. 6.— TM Oarless, from New York. ter Pubs. pat iato Newport. Rhode faked, ea the fah last., helm Ise deeply We., sad will be beamed. COMMERCIAL 4 MARKETS. MONRY MARX ICT it CITY INTELLIGIINCII Tire dasek.—The Bank of England weekly *Parlour" meeting has broken up without any alter ation being made in the minimum rate of discount. The West India Mail steamer has arrived. It is tot yet known the amount that she brings for the dividends. The funds are very buoyant, and 1 to 1 pot oent. better than yesterday. Combs, 90 1 to ; New Three.and-a-4oarter per Cents., 911 to 1. Bank Stock has risen to 192 to 193. Ehequer Bills ozo 435. to Oa prem. India Stock is a xc t 243. The foreign securities have been mon active. Spanish Five per Cents. are 161 to 1. Portuguese Poor per Cents. 27. Mexican. Bonds are 26 to j. Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents., 491 to 1. 11301.1611 litlNlt. Mak tits6l6 3116 3 I 3C. 0 : Mx TOI 1 3 peep PAX Ym. 1611 par Catitgli 3 Cu. Air. 101 I . a * Wm 30131 , 31 1 1 , 111100. r el. Alliffile o'er Ow&rteads MR., 161 He per 06 /1416 2 0Mi1i I mit 1116.. 213 6 we 11101. 161 I 6 , l ir r Onlaba jia. TT I) 6 Oft, 4. 0 DIM 1466. 16 II SUM pitaw 1145.. U 8 4 ..... I Ct 4. Yaw pros 11 11 i Ina. ft i i l q"# *" ..pe " e .. 33 pa i r:: aft. OA 2 - womb ............ M.+ 56 pore. Owes" Tlf 111 06 RAILWAYS.—The share market continue good. London and North Westerns, 132 to 4; Midlands, 911 to 4 ; North Stafford., 21 dig. ; Great Northern, 101 to 10; Brighton, 364 to 8; Caledonians, 251 to 61; Do. Pref., 11 to 1 prem. ; the hut-mentioned were as low as 41 dig. some short time back. French mar ket good. SALMI ItielterED 17? TO TWO TWO DAT TN LONDON. (TeMedayls Wm ME be Mad la Mt pep.) kW. & OM Jai. without Ow., I L. 12 S. Wows, 43 1111 $ ex Ist Do. New 60T. ille Ws Wolf.. WI Dudley, 151 Do. Tenths Ow., 394 Da TWA,. 114 1 0 mg De The. New M.li ~llref 11 1 blad, 234 2 Kan, /Me w sad 13a., Now 101. 1101/ Dulale - letka Asa, 3$ 1 1. 6L 61 1 .. 1 atineby k ShoL,l4 BIM Ayi 1 ::...14n S pot oat. nitneo. 96 EiteL. Do. 3OL t. )'rat. 201 20 /Mem ll Norfolk. 4$ 4 Ell u zOeor. S pet CL, 114 Do. Ow. I pot Cl., 16 Mall. lima., 64 N. BMW Thirds, 41 E. OM, Wm. k Wale., 2416} 1111theubani °brim. Ufa led., k Moue, 13 121 arta Iketheru„ Sea hat ea tat Db. 110•81, Not, 41 3 *a Indbws. sad Ws. New Ow., De.llo per Ohre,, 4411 Si i Oweet Wollon. 7 Ibropilro Cam 21 lea tat Da MU. 111 S. Sestera, 251 6 DO. Wm 171., 14 Do. No. 2, Iso Mail is Obi, les Sos• Wow. 1111 161 Dll. DO% 0 0 4 War Vol 6 per Ct. Ow., 291 1 kailettlat swil Made , 111 WOW, Somer., a Wey.. 27i LW. iml Tab. FIRM 6 1 7 Toot, arm,* ber ~ 29 Do. New One. 6 pot oat., N I Do (Ode. Nees. k kw.), 244 en YA Si Leek a Bredkird, 11:04 109 Do. Raba No. I Met and Medea mad Dantean, I Nees.), Ili 4 Loa.. Iltiekum it 1.0 . 311 1 Do. No. 2 (Now. Is Sir.), 114 S Do. Ow. 5 pot that., IN fas Do. O. N. IL Pur., 961 Ele TIM sad 11. Midlmad, SI 64 Do. Prot.!' pot (X.. 50 es dlv Do. Endo 14 I__ _ Lim. & N. Wolin, 11% 5 Do. R. GM w WA. Ext.. 276 Do. New CM. 12 111 N. of Tema, It es dly Do. ( play,, 111 Olean sad Inolew, 21 ea dle De IM. &IL (1), 15 MY not 1S 2 Din C), ea &Woe awl Seem, 34 I Mash., Mat., k Nat, 14 ea lot 11111114301. SALM JANV.4II N. The sorbet mu better. Abadan. 11 / Kidlia tal t34 S Calideoko Itek i lky De. wo, 41 14 Ma. k Tali. Ille. Sd. amis.& W.(1), 314 Daintiest (Una the), 134.1 Do. Fret, 91 ha ed. p Do Won (L. & D.), 14 d Do. Pref. Ow. S pre Chat., 141 Ma. • Nara Weston, ln fibropeldre !Moo (R. &C.), 31 d Do. Now Qin, _4l p B. lostan & Dew, 101 Do. CM. (C), al p Do. 110. 4, 71 Do. Mos., lb M, IleL,kLia. b. Ck 94. s.No. 1, 121 Toth, News., and Def., Riteadon PIl. No. 1, If p De. Oda*, StllbeL, 261 4 DhN.kit.No.2,llp Do. 1114. A., 10 4 Do. (0. N. I. Par.), NY. ikl. 1 p N. Stalbrilare, 3 4 NAM sad loitot Juaohno, 294 d MANCUSO= SALES, him= N. Then woe a wry lap butitere, sad the moat* was very buoyant, at apron& prima Shares were Amer at the rime our then darly the day, and a better tone las sot per vaded the ikon fee nee tine. Arab., NM, pea, &IL 1., 4 Ilea, OW, &Lin. (Grimsby 501. Oakisokaa PreL, li p eh.), 2.54 g. Mama het., 111.111 Do. loL ak., 101 d Lm. & Test. (I end D.) !tabu Do. IN. Ige. Mk. 4 d $ 4.16 1 4 Do. (Orimby DWI, Ili 4 Do Ds. W. 3sl. ( IL U. Me Bt.), 74 d Do. (MM. sad IMO, 131 ). 44 4 5.14 el LW. P. & W. lan. (A), $ De. (Maa. k Us. U.), MIS 4 Lai & Ithisk Prof. Qrs., 1:f N. Brithh Hall., 74 lor &N. Wait Now ore, p N. iholbrdebbe, 3 d De. IL & (ail Ths. (A & I), 3 4 mows. mad air. Pref., el DSAAIS. I SI P IL IL& Dower Ne. 4, 71 De. MMUS. • 9.14 . MD& SALM harimar 14. The akar* market was spots agave, principally la local nosh, whitest soy materiel alteration in value, that& is some them wee • willing decline. Look nal TM*, U E. Leaeathlre New, 5 d o De. Nair, 2 N W. Wag Coital, 41 il De. New, 254 Gt. y Extea.„ 10 d ' Do. PM., lIM 4 libee,Bother., & Osolo, 3L11.311.4 BRISTOL SALES, JANVAIT W. The reacket cendased Am. Ot. Wilma Owe" If 4 4 I E. Coma* 114 TORN BALZA, Jeweear 54. Ust i e ry lertle, k Be. (Orie Ot. Norther% 41 es int . ire Be.), 23 York me N. YAW* E. and W. Do. 0.N.0. Par., 11. Ils. 34.1 1 Rid. Rata, VI CORN.—Tho following relearn of also Imperial ♦ware will appear is iriday eveßiag's Gloats : IMMWALAtimum XL . s, 4Slioat...ll•B*. i um. I aye. 66444.1 Pam Psis 11l .. M 478 UM 41,118 Mai Ns NAB 34 U ... —47 e 441Ss 4,621% 1433. 741388 LB as _ Us 1 3ls Soi 141 011161 Us 114134. OS J. 6 ... .- 43. SOB 44 17. 44448 44 108 4437. 64 14 ... 438 40 218 lid 178 adv. tills. f4 — lii ... ... 418 44 14 17. li Us 34 lel4B 181 6 wale Ur. Aim 11 - 4 - 771,1 - 5 - Wdirs — Willis — a tovri.—Whisi. 15..; Pssisy. is id; OW is.; am Meas. sol Was. it i 44 14 44 IS 44 4 43 4 ha. 111, BawlsLai, hut. 24.—W0 had a good Wisdoms at this thrte market, but we swot quota any &truths in du Om hem deer of this day week. Boavoir, Jaa. 24.—With a lbsited supply of Wheat at market to-day, beds= was beSk, at la. advisee. New Beams also realised la. Ism mosey, bat few old offering. WI note so isopeovestost la the Oat trade, which remains singe& eat limeade.. Whist, rod, 38e to 46e. ; whits, 48e. Oats, U.. to 21a. Bow, sow, 26e. to 30e. ; oed, 265. - - - - CllllOllll/11, Jan. 24.-Thsre wan a very tbia attendasee at market to-day ; the business dose very trial . The prises et all deseriptioes of pain may be aoa.lisred semi. sally se last market day. NALII/1,01/11, Jan. 23.-We had a large show of Wheat sad a slow sale for beet qualities, at the raise of our Beast; ether meets ls. par qr. enesper. Superfine melting rly soiree, sad such tosaantanded the extreme Signs of previous Iflotatioori. Pees and Beans dull. Wheat, white, 445. to per qr. • red, 40s. to 44i, Barley, Me. to 31s. Beans gni Pees. 30a. to 345. BArwann'e ELWIN, Jan. 24.-A steady demand for Wheat by Cho local millers was experienced here to.d.q, at last werk's prices. Oats, Barley, Beans, and Pees dull. Old white Wheat, 141. to 141. 10s. ; old, red, 131. to 131. 6s. ; sew, white, 101. to 121. 10s. • red, new, 81. to 111. Bulgy, Ws. to 31s. Oats, 16s. to 22 .. Beene, 30s. to 31s. Poss. Ms. to Bursas, Jan. 24.-Tke supply of IMO at this day's market wee, for Wheat, moderate; Barley, red Oats, fair, and of new Beans plentiful. From the improved con. aide"' of Wheat Seawall), higher rates were obtained for Bait white, fall 1.. te 21., sad red, is per qr. Prime malt lag Barley fall M. per qr. dearer. Oat., Beans, and Peas wiry era. TM release of beaded grain at 1.. per qr. du'y re the let peonies reams to it guess* the prime of the markets goriorally in this neighbourhood. Whist, white, 411 e. to Ms.; red, 475. to 495. per qr. Barley, malting, 30.. to 33a; seemed and grinding, 255. to 28e. Oats, old, 225. to 2115.; now, lio. to 18 , B. ries, new, 325. to 34e. ; old, 48s. to 424. Kalt, 645. to Ms. We-kly rims to thii 17th Jen. : Wheat,. 663 qrs., 475. M. ; Barley, 1,883, Ms. Bd. ; Oats. Si, lat. ittatgOnD, Jan. 24.-Oar airlift to-day was rather short qty supply of most kinds of grain, which sold at last wo w s petues. Wheat, 40s. to 645. Barley, 28e. to 335. ; rprisilimg, Ms. to 275. Oats, l&t. to 25e. Beene, 245. to 345. Pima. ags. to 86s. Bye, 24e. to 26a. _ !too.. and Davis report tie following gestations : Prime Meadow, e. to No I Bowes.. 400. to Kid graw.... 26e. to 301 Interior Loa to 13t. timer .. 70e to do CATTLE.—At ns.= FAIR was held c the 23rd inst. A pod acts, dance of buyer, and the jtooofffy of meth lane for a January fair. Beefprodasod id. to bad., but many rattle won drives away unsold, farnsars holding out for id.. but the trade could not sired it. Matta., 61. to 61d.. nearly all sold. But few Pigs, with prior Mon 9s. to 9s. 6d. No Honss were shown. EXI7III/.-Thin we a well-supplied market, both as respects fat Bullocks and Sheep ; and although at the out set badness was dull, yot at the tad a considerable stroke had been done. Indeed, as to Sheep, it is satin/non to be enabled to say that in this respect the market was again Cawell neared, thee, being dealers present who t largely. A. regards price also, it an scarcely be said that any reduction from the rates of the preceding week was experienced. A far as concerns fat Bullocks, a comparison of the two reports will show On to have been ot a meet trifling nature. The quotation for fat Balloon, mast be stated at frets 445. 6d. to nearly els. 6d. per cwt., or bon 3s. to 91. 2d. per score. Butchers' Calves were in larger supply than on the presediag week, and the Übe I. this wa were at from 644. to 6d: per lb. The quietness for fat Sheep an from ed. to eld. per lb. 'Mere was a good show at Cows. and Nivea, in which also there was a fair share of business done, the quotation in this way being from 81. to lei. or from 40s. to 495. per cwt., Or from 'ls. to 6s. 94. per score. In store Cattle business was dull, bat in what was dens the quotation was from about 295. U. to 37e. 6d. per cwt., or from Si. 3d. to 6s. 6d. per soon. Store Pigs 'There was again a good supply, bat in pent of sale matters were not insproveel. Slip were to be bought at es. a pine; and • good lot of Pigs, eve months old, were seeking a market at an offer of 30s. a pins. For Pork einem no great advance in price wall be obtained, although all met a pretty ready sale ; the quotation being 40s. to 465. 3d. per cwt., or from Is. to Bs. 3J. ppseer score. For Sheep Caroms@ tales were dull, but, n otwithstandiwg this, the quotation win from 44d. to ed. per lb. ROKYOZD, Jan. 24.-We had • eery dull market with all kind of stock, which barely maintained last week's prices . Beef, 3e. 2d. to 4s, lentos, 3s. Bd. to 4s. &L Veal, 4s. to 41. 6d. P.rk, 3e. 6d. to 4s. 4d. Sourrual., Jut. 24.-Trade mach the sine as last wick, with bat little variation is prices, except for the Veal, which sold better. Beef, made frost 2s to 4s. Wane, 3s. 4d. to 4s. 10d. Veal, 3s. Bd. to es. 2d. Pork, 3s. to 4e. 4d. per stows of labs sibling neat& Far TI.. day's Parket* PI lad pair• • • Douai. Jsa. 23.—Oar market this day prawassa Ike • saws waksematios skwastee as fee 411,1161 weeks past. T►akiskos twarastei was Usaitad, sad prim swags al. asset without asap &es Tviday. Miens wow dm tars iwposod. cent disk* is femur of berm otkrobiags wo as as Mange. Ilso kb/oft wso taw otareasy : midis, Maw. Nu, 9s. to 10s. 04. pee 19666 Con, Ns 16s. 2241b5. ladled .So tie =lbs. Mena. 111. to Ils. 64. par e.c Amos. wads. 14e. to 16s. pw " Samoa. Jai. 12.--Onia: W. bays had mall supplies dace Yhday, bat the mid Wag MA = ir Wolf sisiatakked. Wheat, Is. 64. to 10 e. 3 d. . 6d} to 6.. 641. O. de. 3d. to Ostial. 9.. 64. te Os. 4d. par _ ._ PRODUCE.— MINC2IIO-Lelfil• Half - Pia 21 m — The gl else el loge bees yes hem rather Inge, esi "di see seder thy pct of seek gareittes bill rip WIWI WO r ase Blind; 3,000 beg% eel Yds boolot bed. a small peels ooly a - set. bat me withdrawing ties freely at gimes 'bestial re prim— : Tee lab or slid preemies steadily ; paces 0 INiisegbaso beds slid - by - private entree mils. to 275. tid e Wads no der prises ; geed embassy maim Copes, trees Ns a kis. IL—Cotes : Tim improve. meet is tie Limped siesitet bee set yet emisced activity tam bat holders ore •sry ins.-81nose as etesily.—la otber articies so material allmetlea I'IIICIIB CUELRENT. ems. Mr swt. am raw Pip, No. 1. ......... A T.- • 0 W. ladla,S.P.bwa s4s. 61.358.64 Ilaspa. .... $ 10... • 0 U 6...» Oars. stOiedllttso • C.. • 0 =Marro - - 13 0-13 0 Usaritlas,bropec„ VI 0..34 Lau Oar Ma. . Tallow_. OO 0...00 Pig, bat.........-- IS •...11 6 Ma. 3O 0-.40 Ullladoiwa....— 17 0-17 5 Ikagal&Msdras,b. 37 C. 43 Sus.. - -.—.. 111 10... • e Tallow is C..so 'salmi abst . -19 IC. • i Whits.. . Cantu. 1d . 0 . W 7 5 . .« ii 0. .0 OR 15 0.. 15 1 Yellow U C-117 ORA. tar $33 lap. pd. d.p. Orsy sad orbits DI •...51 nu, lasi, pais. 70 1 ,... !7 Saud, Ilimbre 44 0...54 straw 2s 10.. • 4$ 9..51 kart it ulle - w.. IN C. SS lA nlarmLa Wad. Swa ..... ....—. 51 C. 53 Trost Was, listurr.— 111 • ..0 nary.... IS 0- 26 0 Cal. ... ....... SS 1C.113 1 Good. u 0... 00 • seatuaW.--. u 0...07 riu... . . -IN 0-106 • Odu,Salilpsil,pdaa 43 C. 44 Ceylon, piell . o;dl- Cocas Nat s6 0...31 Darr . ---- $4 0... Id 0 Sad, Rua pis, flas ordwary... $6 0... 41 0 pa taa ST 0- 0 Flu -46 0... 30 • Woad -ms 23 • 0 542 5... IS 0 Paorwoo. par arcoast. Ossigsatril=l tollit ore- Satter-oz% 14- 70 0_72 • amyl. las 36 0... SS 0 4130 $9 000 0 Ileastra sad Pa las • 11... 0 0 dug ll 0... Si • DAUB, Ist. 0 0... 0 0 Tao, a par lb. Unmask do. OCI6 0 Csagoa.cautos. 0 5 ... 0 9 Carlow, 1a........ 70 0. 13 u Lat. at por owt. Newry, 1a......... • 0... 0 0 Nasal whits.-- 9 6... 12 6 umlaut . . ... .... 04 0...70 0 Cargo-- --- 7 •.. • 6 Beat, Lab pa Jan sad Walla 7 0... 13 0 taros ...... • 0... 0 t Patna, aluard .... 14 C. 19 u Pass Ifirs , • 0... 0 0 Corollas.... C. MI • Porkowlatearm... 7$ 0-10 0 --Ilabl " vs. llessa.Park lark 173 • w • Do., Ballast I Baca. Walarlard. e g o rt - ..... 53 0.. al t V Lar ti... 1 . .."" DIMDIM ... IS 0-62 0 Anirksa.4ll* 61 0-71 • Haas, Oa sad Oaa, at par lb. B. A. aad 11. Van, Vad as.4d Oa. $4 t; ,.., : • ..... . ......7..----- . i t :::: 4 .....,...... ...0 b WOW Willi. fig , 0 0 ...• 0 La ladaC....- - 0 4 ...0 10i B. Ams. Sri 0 $ ..0 6 • 4 ...• 11; S. Amor. pm gads, dine 6 • f Drs Wrens, at pur toe. =L lamas-A 15- • ...... 4 0- 4 I Csapasity .-...... 6 0- • PaWde, Jamas. -. e 0- 6 1410011115./ 0, 9 0.0 ad solid 16 0-111 Lim -. 13 10_1% daps Biseas.-...... 10 10...11 Sad 5a5dara........... 3 3... 3 I Brasil - is •.. .M lan L dm owerd Dooms. 21 te• 36 par oat Joarito. $0 to SS per oat O.P. 3 10 ... 3 Fociarite make 4 0 ... Steady, 'Abroad. 3 0 .. arttakotrita Sp. 10 0 ... 0 dieted ltlA lO 0...0 I, Sue, pre tea. tapir:TA. AS 0...46 St. Titisolotg. • Mad............ 0 O. 0 e Web sad Mae* 30 0... M 0 Medial 0 Haw. et per tea. 4LTOrnbarg,elemal6o 10...51 eatebst MU data Kim Rhino SS 10...34 0 °Mabel pan 33 0...303 0 tees IMO OM. Beady II 0..34 0 tote Tat, at per eat. 008111 L 9O 0... I 0 Mona B7 0...0 5 Can Us limbo U 0... 0 0 I Bare laest. It I Or S9 to& 5 SO TALLOW. The Tallow market is very fiat. sall•weeles delivery, 1,046 ; Pstsnbarg T.C. co the spot, 40s. ; October to December delivery, 41s. to 401.6 d. ; apt nto 'moans• delivery, nothine doing. HOPL—WORCERTER, Jan. 24.—Our demand for Hops is wore than u..ually brisk, considering it is so early in the year, and after so iistansivo • trod* in the autumn ; this no doubt iodine's a better state of things in the eoasas ing districts, and causes priors to rode very fine, with en ad. yawing Wading. HAT.-8111THIFIRLD, Iwo o'Ciegs.—aidenti. Cooper ghe OrpreiSO. Thy alb the t made NY% I)=Sbakltedetra. Calk. sad Othrelat all be ade Ea a et 7th Jem The wags kr 111110 AMIBOI4. sag the Mita Rae% wtd lade lip Sli the eviabg a the ”th lea. TM male it Now lieesh ar e Out Dieeseals Load, sad New raging will k ergs op ea the evseieg at the UR Jaa. The mile tar the W. Rea at Akio awl Kagan will be made lip as the arealog et the filet lei. Ifs w r. Lae Mal* Imitate, Beneudia, Lass% ftinasmik, Sea adrift eat Meals% sag eadadiat Wee tee Jamgobetasenges, Saw Oreaege, MI6 sag Me. be ado q u a the manias at the led Feb. will The leak lot Mrsibikli. the brad* eel lama Aril. will to made se at the emits et the 40 Feb. ase weak via rsmkim. ID the 1141dIrremisk Ado. dykes. WA*. ligeoieet, ha, will be sale op as the aloft et the Ith Feb. the sous ter (Neater, Nabs. seee, the balsa lama. per, Ades, Oeyirs, liewitgeg. sad Mlm. via gauthsaptaL be maie:ap ca the abowslag al the lOUs Feb. BIOS WATIT AT IIArIDON 111.1DOIL Two DAT —l6A•los, AIWA. lAA I y Alisnase. IWA pug 1. TeAposarop—limeing.ll no. so 111 AbleresAll Ws. NM LONDON. THURSDAY. JAN. 25. MUCH hu been said and written on the deeply in terestinf question of the daily decrease in the Irish population amen by death and emigration. But the fact of the nearly total cessation of births in the rural districts has hitherto escaped notice, or been only slightly glanced at. We have now b efore us returns furais&d by the Roman catholic clergymen of a large deanery in the south-west, containing a population according to the census of 1841, of more than 30,000 , eto.l ing the number of births in each quarter for the seven years ending 316 t March, 1848. Taking the three first months in each year, the numbers stand as under: 1141. 1643. 1614. 1443. 1646. 1647. 1644, 332 303 SOO 314 163 226 33 Assuming the quarterly returns for the remaining nine months to be equal to the numbers given above toe the first six years, the hires nearly reached four per cent, per annum of the whole population—say one to twenty-seven of the aggregate inhabitants. But following the isms rule for 1848—and there are good grounds for presuming that the demean is sive, and ti at in doing so we are un ng the case—the deficit *mows to9oper cent. ofthe avenge of the former period. : - ' iikek / N g li6 t er Y An Y - •‘l. • .!1: I r s4 •.:7; parpasitis ia the her... poeible proof of —_-‘ uthir_phydral *stash= eon not be denied. It is spear esalsis-tine the reek jraskalty of the pose who seethe* bons die withika, short use of their birth. From these premise jut, evident Wit heavy as the drake of migrated end mor tality are, this stoppage o f = s ustion strikes mine dangenusly at the wry of society. Any man who could look at the miserable hordes el miscalled able-bodied wen congregated in all the overcrowded workhouses, taut feel that there is Utile hope for the regeneration of the country =VI . 110• Y are seat again to cultivate the soil. amp el tie landlords who were the first to clear the royal die =ken et whattbey conceived to be a surplus Wesel stook, are now beginning to see the eherteight edam of their heartless policy. In oar to prepare for a =widened rating, they . 'made a solitude, and called it unprovemmet Mt now when they want men for the enilieg 'minimal employments, scarcely one can be ma. I They begin to find that their neighbours were equally ones in their generation, and that the hewers of wood and drawers of water who survived the famine are all driven to the workhouses, there to be decimated by dysentery and fever. Even now, in the depth of winter, when the labour market ought to be overstocked with hands, the startling feat of a short supply is forcing itself on the most unthinking. This untoward state of things is but the n consequence of the cruel clearances that wer= more general than the public are aware of, loudly as the press rang . with daily and weekly re lotto of the evictions which took place on a large scale. Bat it has been stated to us, on authority on which the most implicit reliance can be placed, that a greater number of houses have been thrown down, and under circumstanoes of more sold-blooded cruelty by the farmers (the holders of My or one bonded acres), than by the proprietors in fee, who have been held up in newspaper publications end parliamentary debates as the took oppressors of the pesaantry. Our informant asserts that all who are intimately acquainted with the minute details of the nodal condition of the rural district, know that the most unfeeling "grinder of the poor man's face" is the person next above him in the scale. They em gl i oyed[a labourer or two each under the conacre system. 'nos the failure of the potato in many districts not one of this clue employed a labourer who would not work for " his bit," which generally meant two scanty meals in the day ; and young men without families were found glad to accept those hard terms. And in numerous instances they gave certificates le relievierodicers, that the wives of men who laboured late and early for this wretched pittance were widove, aid thus had the families supported by the Union. We mad scarcely add that they were the first to cry eat that the country was ruined by the rates. Them, at best, they never half tilled the land droy held, and this semi-cultivation they re dosed by half ; and forthwith demanded a 1 proportionate reduction of rents. The helots who held huts on their lands, who would not or could not from sickness work on those terms, were driven into the workhouses, and the cabins were invariably pulled down the moment they became untenanted. In this way they did more to devastate the country, cripple its resources, and add to its burdens, than any other class could effect. It is true that the example was set them by the higher ranks, who were well pleased to see their favourite system carried out without subjecting them selves to public obloquy. But the inevitable conse quences are hurrying both landlord and tenant into irretrievable ruin. Much land is lyiogwsste altogether, and nearly all is more than ever neglected. Rents are unpaid Interest is accruing, annuities accumu lating, and rates increasing with fearful rapidity ; so that when mortgagees and bondholders try to force *ales, no one will - purchase. Ireland, instead of being the granary of England, is fast becoming an importer of foreign corn of ell kinds. And we are much mis taken it an altogether new and unexampled series of facts and miseneedoes not come to startle and perplex parliament, on first turning its views in 1849 to Ireland. THE anneal report of the Commissioners of Woods and Forays for 1847 was published yesterday. From a perusal of this document no one would conjecture that during last session of parliament the affairs of the commission had been subjected to a minute and damaging scrutiny by a parlia mentary committee, or that gross peculation had been detected in the management of the New Forest. The report is as tranquil, self-compla oent, and vague, as if the commission enjoyed perfect public confidence, and had made up its mind to abuse that confidence to the uttermost. The appendices, however, tell another tale, however studiously the returns contained in them have been made. The accounts of the commissioners are made up on the old approved plan generally followed in govern ment offices. They are so constructed as to mystify and mislead hasty and superficial inquirers. They present a total balsa°e on hand at the close of the year of 146,4881., against a total balance on hand at the beginning of 127,2431. The difference is not great, but as far as it goes appears to tell in favour of the condition of the woods and forests, and of the commissioners' management. But this statement is deceptive. There is a decrease in the balances on hand in every item except that of "monies voted by parliament for works and buildings." The balance in hand on this account was 87,0971. on the sth of January, 1847, and 133,2681. on the 6th of January, 1848. The harems is owing to the diminished activity of operations in the parliamentary improvements on account of " the depression of trade and the scarcity of money during the lastyear." The general aooonnt of the commissioners shows an increased balance, because they have spent less of the money entrusted to their disposal by parliament. But all the balances of unexpended moneys, received from the crown property managed by the commissioners, decreased during 1847 ; in other words, they spent the whole of their income, and pert of the money remaining in their hands, at the beginning of the veer. The balance of their ash accounts with the tank of England, and with Coatts and Co., was 18,7521., on the 6th of January, 1847 ; and 5,2051. on the 6th of January 1849. Daring the year their balance at the Bank of Ireland was reduced from 9,1371. to 3,4421.; at the Royal Bask of Scot land, from 10,5631. to 3,2361.; in the hands of their receivers, from 2,4871. to 3521. ; in the bands of the deputy surveyor, from 7551. the Wanes in creased to 8131. ; and in the bands of the wardens. See., it fell off from 4791. to 1201. Exclusive of the balance on monies derived from parliamentary votes, the balances in hand of the Commissioners of Woods and Forests were reduced during 1847 from 40,1461. to 13,1701. This is shown by an examination of their accounts, but their repor t only states that they have a total balance in hanr 146,4381. Another fact which appears in the appendices, but to which not the slightest allusion is made in the re port, is that in the course of the year the commis sioners incurred a sharp rebuke from the Treasury for some very questionable practices. The com missioners have been in the habit of making appointments and of granting permanent ad ditions to salaries without the previous sanc tion of the Treasury; and in some instances this irregular exercise of patronage does not appear in their accounts or reports to the Treasury. Five appointments have been made in this clandestine manner; of these, two have never in any manner been brought under the notice of the Treasury ; and though the fact of the employment of the other three appears from the accounts rendered, it is " without names or any other indication of the continuity of these em ployments in the same parties, and in a form in which it was impossible for the rheum] board to deal with them otherwise than ea per sons occasionally and therefore only tempo rarily made a charge on the funds of the d t e u Lartment." Among the additions to salaries irre ly made, there is one of 1001. per annum to the hid Examiner in the department of works and buildings ; one of the same sum to " an officer, who, being his senior on the establishment, would, in the opinion of the board, have been otherwise aggrieved by that proceeding ;" and one of no less than 1801. to the Clerk of the Furniture, whose salary had been previously increased by the treasury to 3204 on the representation of the commissioners. In a treasury minute is remarked of these clandestine grants : " In two of the cases the names of the recipients are omitted ; in the third, that of the Clerk of the Fur niture, there is no indication on the face of the ac counts submitted to the board of any payment what ever to this person." This secret and unauthorised exercise of patronage ANN. emih d zikty 4:16. 'a. fiS, A 849. , a 1411 4 0 •1116 . 4 must be Viewed iressioe fiffeimnesion s a r a ft ielli i esrtsd_ . 4: 1 ,..0e et. ' o b f alenees ow . head already illimlttials4s=r;trifirlebeitilleAle au b a s thi:ptna:in exietsiiesi e "el - kik -j peuctiettiole uranium a d dime may lei more , sad more' fle*aucjorts y talus boa been sameedully oonosaled. It is of cease quests that public atter titan should be direeted to diem abossediemose the commissioners' report affords good posed to suspect that the boastful announce ment of great reforms contemplated in this depart ment, published two or %hive days ma in the govern ment morning organ, is 'rowdy exaggerated. The statement, to which we allude, seemed to indiesse a desire to surrender the Woods and Forests, with their undeniable peculation and mismanagements, as a sop to stay the public stomach for larger and more important economical reforms. Bat the conoludiug paragraph of the coin -1 mission's's' report warrants a suspicion that even in the Woods and Forests nothing more than illusory and distant reforms are contemplated. That para graph is as follows : A committee of the House of Commas has been ap pointed during the present [late] session of 'parliament to Wntstte an inquiry into the management of this depart ment; and it is understood that, with the permindon of the hones, it will roma its labouis during the en suing s. mien. Without presuming to anticipate the na ture of its final reoommewlations, we shall anxiously en deavour, as to as may be in our power, to take any steps which ie progress of the inquiries may r enderi advisable for immediute adoption. This, when translated out of the official language in which it is couched, only means that if the Com mittee of the House of Commons on the Woods and Forests be rt-appointed, and it its report reat'er fur ther defence ofthe abuses in that department impos sible, some undefined reforms may be conceded. Waits the financial reformers of Liverpool and Manchester are busily preparing weapons for their gallant onalaught upon legislative extravagance, another est et delegates, representing the interests of the NW thriving and thrifty districts, are commen cing a campaign against the same enemy in one of its minor, bat still important, forms. Some days since a body of gentlemen, representing nearly all the boards of guardians in Lancashire, met at Newton-le- Willows, "to discuss the question of county-rate expenditure, and the best means of effecting a more economical administration thereof." For this meet ing there was indeed ample cause shown. The rate had risen in certain localities from 1141. per annum in 1837 to nearly 4001. in 1848, without any reason asbigned. The constabulary expenses were 791. 14s. per man is Lancashire, while in Stafford (also a mining and ma nufacturing county) they were 621. 10s., and in Wilt shire only Us. Bs. 1,900 prosecutions in 1824 had cost 16,0001., and 1,600 in 1848 more than 18,0001. Inquests were charged at 1,9271. eleven years sines, and had progressed to 3,3071. last year. Among the smaller items, it was stated that a bridgemaster in one place was paid au annual salary of 101., to overlook an outlay of 6s. 6d.; and that the surveyor of the works somewhere else received an in come of 701., the amount expended upon the works surveyed during that period being exactly 431. 6s. Bd. Since 1824, in short, the gross total of amount levied by way of county rate had swollen from 80,7731. to 179,8871. ; and nearly one-third of the whole rental in certain districts was threatened with absorption by the increasing demands of local taxation. The great grievance, however, was not so much in the amount contributed as in the contributors' lack of control over its assessment and outlay. Justices ap pointed practically for life by the crown, do for the county what nothing less than the three combined powers of the legislature are permitted to do for the nation—and they prove themselves as liberal as they are irresponsible in their drafts upon the rate-paying public. It is no wonder that the latter complain : and that, as stated by one ti the speakers at the meet ing, " Yon heard of it in all directions. There was no place where you could travel, whether among friends or strangers, bat it formed a subject of conversation. All parties, high and low, rich and poor, complained of the excessive expenditure of the county rates ; and it was only by taking the course they were now pro- posing that they could hope to control it." One would think that so flagrant an anomaly in our con stitution required only to be detected in order to se cure its abolition. Yet this subject has beeu mooted repeatedly during the past twenty years, and has, since 1836, been a copious provider of material fur the blue-books as well as a frequent question for alternate remonstrance and neglect in parlia ment. In the year we have named (1836) a detailed report upon the county rate was drawn up by a committee of the Howie of Commons, wl.erein the oommissioners recapitulate facts and draw conclusions absolutely identical with those that were produced and suggested by the delegates of the Lancashire guardians. The report declares "that the persons who contribute to the county rate have little control over its expenditure; the administne ion of this fund is the exercise of an irresponsible power er trusted to a fluc tuating body." And it quotes with approval the dic tum of a Somersetshire magistrate concerning this body, of which he himself was a member. "I cannot avoid remarking the objections to giving that respect able but very varying body, the court of quarter ses sions, the authority to raise, expend, and audit the accounts of large and indefinite sums of money, with out any effectual responsibility ; and I dore4 the ad vantage of giving the quarter sessions the patronage of officers, together with the power to fix the emoluments thereof. It is a temptation to magistrates to make interest for these offices, and then to increase the salaries for the sake of the holders." The remedy suggested by the commissioners is the same which, after the lapse of 13 years, is still the object of de sire ; namely, the establishment of a " county coun cil," or other such elective body, to regulate the im position of the local charge. 'ln the evidence given by Mr. Hums before this committee, it is stated: " After mach consideration of the various complaints connected with the disbursements of the country during the past 25 years, I have come to the conclu sion that no economy is so injudicious as that which entrusts to unpaid and irresponsible persons the appli cation of the public funds . And with a just appre ciation of those parliamentary habitudes which in duce the legislature so perpetually to fight off the reformation of a faulty system by some trifling amendment of details, the honourable mum ber added, " I consider the principle so vicious that no efficient reform can be effected without &rake change in the principle and the ovate ." This report, be it remembered, was presented thir teen years since. Since that period many similar documents have been "laid on the table," bearing re femme to the several items, or the general subject of local taxation, in which the same complaints were urged with even tedious iteration. It was hardly possible to make out a stronger case against the exist ing state of things. Nevertheless the vicious system, with all its accompanying extravagance, remains unreformed. Parliament has hitherto proved too sluggish and impenetrable. But economy, like charity, begins best at home. It is fortunate that the increase of the evil ham at length aroused the active hostility of the men of Lancashire. From that natek solute of leagues we anticipate the appearance of a new anti-county rate emaciation to run a course net lea energetic and victorious than its great pre decessor. We have seldom seen a meeting in which a com plete unanimi as to the object in view was owes-! bitted with su ch ready and practical suggestion of remedies or concluded amid so general a manifesta tion of good feeling even towards the parties whose conduct was censured. The highest respect was pro fessed for the county magistrates, individually and collectively. Those authorities had themselves, it was acknowledged, confessed that economy was be come imperative, and had even passed resolutions far accomplishing that end. And nothing but the " system" was condemned for the result, that not withstanding all those good intentions, year afar year saw the assessments still increasing, while the very resolutions passed by the justices at quarter sessions were disobeyed and neglected by their own servants. The remedy suggested is simple and immediate. All the necessary machinery for local responsible administration exists under the poor law. The practical duty of collecting the county nte is already performed very generally by the isms of the board of guardians, and nothing would be easier than to transfer to those boards, for a time at least, the control over its expenditure. At the Newton meeting it was not proposed to annihilate the jurisdiction of the justices over the county funds. The resolution then passed recommended merely "the mmikelioa of county financial and administrative boards, to be composed of magiwrates and elected members from each board of guardians." There to some shrewd tact in this partial waiver of the " re- 1 , sponsibility" principle. The first change is less ab rupt, and there will be many facilities in obtaining and working the measure assured by this deference to the authority sanctioned by long precedent. Bat in praetioe, from what we know of the temper of the parties, and from what we see occur in other seem- blies there is little fear that the control of those members who rest upon the powerful basis of the ratepaying constituencies will suffer diminution from the admixture of a few colleagues who represent only themselves. It is almost superfluous for us to express our hearty approval of the Lancashire movement in favour of responsible tax gathering. If, indeed, our earnest sym pathy in their object an entitle us to interfere in a matter so peculiarly . their own, we should be inclined to suggest an extension of their plan so es to include a number of miscellaneous items of local expenditure, such as those for highways, drainage, sewers, light ing,.and militia. Tale general scheme has already received the sanction of a very competent commission, whose detailed report was presented to the House of Commons in 1842. Although these classes of taxation are irregular and comparatively trifling, their levy is not a little vexatious, and their expenditure quite as extravagant and irresponsible as that of the county rate. We have just recorded a satisfactory solution of the differences which existed between the English and the American post-offices. Bat we see by the Paris journals that from Wednesday next, it is threa tened to suspend the postal communication between France and England by Boulogne, the shortest, moat convenient, and speedy line. We reed not say of what importance it is that the public should be informed, as soon as an individual can, of great events affecting the political and the moneyed world. Of old, when the mail ran bat once a day, and through Calais, it was easy for a specula tor to ran a courier by Boulogne and oltatrip the in telligence of the mall. The same continued sacrifice of the public to the speculator would take place if the two mails were now to run by Calais, when any traveller could distance them by taking the more direct line through Boulogne. We are sorry to say that the reverses experienced by the English arms in India were known upon our Stock Exchange on Thursday afternoon last, whilst the account only appeared in our journal on Saturday. We gave the report in our Friday morning's impres sion. ThisehowsthattheFrenchtelegraph is as alert as ever, whilst the secrecy which till lately enveloped its communication is no longer kept. There is the more necessity for giving the public the full advantage of the quickest route and the most convenient mode of communication with the continent. _ _ _ The reason for the suspension of the Boulogne route is the objection of the captains of her Majesty's packets to the dangerous service performed at eight, throughout the year, of entering Boulogne at late hours of the tide, or of 13 ing in Boulogne roads—a service of great difficulty and danger at certain con junctures of wind and tide. The French have the easy task to and from Calais, the English the difficult one—an unfair division of labour, no doubt. But the present is not a moment when we should suddenly challenge the French to procure new steamers, and suspend the service on the inevitable alt'rnative of their being unable to do so. Our own opinion is, that fixed times of sailing to and from tidal harbours are absurd. Take, for in stance, our communication with Holland by Rotter dam. The vessel, with the post, leaves Blackwell at a fixed hour. She arrives off the coast of Holland at a time when there is not water enough to allow of pas sing the bar at the Brill, and the vessel is obliged to steam down to Helvoetsluys, reaching Rotterdam atter some hundred miles of inland navigation. Of what use could possibly be the fixed and early hour of starting in the face of such inevitable delay? It is said to be highly inconvenient to men of busi ness to have varying hours of post departure. Bat the time of the tide is an easily ascertained fact, together with the poets that dep. nd upon it. We do not see why the Sooth-Eastern Railway Company and the Folkston packets should not take charge of two mails a day ,nand from Boulogne, the railway company at Boulogne taking charge of them to Paris. If the British AdmiraPy decidedly object to the Bou logne route, and refuse to undertake it, here is a remedy. In fact, it is the remedy that private spe culators,and people greedy for news wij recurto ; and for this very reason we claim it fur the public. There is another point of almost equal importance with the question of quick communication between Paris and London. And that is cheep postage. In England there is penny, in France two-penny p wtage. Surely, then, it is absurd to have a tenpenny postage between Paris and London. Half that price ought to suffice ; and, if the English post-office per manently take the more difficult sea passage, that should compensate the greater length of distance be t ween Paris and the coast, and the cast of a letter should be fairly divided, each country taking half. When we consider not merely the growing relations between the French and English themselves, but when we see that the English post is the channel for French com munication with all parts of the New World, whilst our correspondence with the southern portion of the continent, and even with towns on the Rhine is best carried on through France, there is no limit to the ex tent of the intercommunication of the two countries, were the prices and the facilities what they might easily be rendered. We must do the French the justice to say that they have shown every desire to continue the Bou logne communication. There is no rivalry whatever between the Calais andthe Boulogneßailway Co npany. The latter have offered to expedite the line of transit by nearly two hours. M. MATER, who came over to London for the purpose of negotiating, is well known for his desire to facilitate free and cheap communi cation between the two countries. On the other hand it must be said for the Admi ralty that the year, for which the Boulogne service was undertaken provisionally and experimentally by our packets, has expired, and that there was every right and reason to demand a new agreement and other conditions. If the result were cheaper postage and quicker conveyance, the public would have great reason for congratulation. But as to a total suspension of the Boulogne line of post conveyance, that we feel to be attended with so much inconvenience to all parties, that even to contemplate it is a disgrace to the two governments, and will prove a serious loss to the two countries. GERMANY. SCHLESWIO-HOLSTEIN.—The bureau of the states of Schleswig-Holstein resolved, on the 161, to convoke that Assembly at Schleswig for the 26th. HAMBURG.—Our correspondent writes under date Jan. 19: The thaw which set in on Saturday evening, continued with very little intermission. Yesterday morning we had slight irost again, and should it last for another day or two, we ere sure to have the shipping opened again, the ice in the river being on the move. I observed by the London evening papers of the 16th that the two Hamburg mails of the 6tb and 9 h, which were prevented by the frost to be shipped from Cuxhaven, were sent to Holland, and conse quently arrived much later than they wiuld if they had been sent by Ostend, there being a railway all the way from Ham burg to Ostend, %boreal' there is none to Holland. It is satosishing that the General Post-office in London should not mind this circumstance, and should keep on giving the preference to the old road by which the communication is so much delayed. Indeed it would be better to give up the direct steamers al , ogether, and send the mails by Cstend throughout the year, the transit being so much more regular and every day, instead of twice a week. It appears certain now that the Senate will publish the German bill of rights within a few days, adding an explanation to it. MADRID, JAN. 17. The sitting of Congress yesterday was taken up with the question of Galin Canero (editor of the Clamor Publico) on the military executions which I have mentioned as having taken place at Villareal, in the district of Castel lon de la Plana, Valencia. There cannot be • more marked example of the atrocious excesses p rpetrated by the sangui nary tools of the present government. Brigadier Llorens, one of the recently rehabilitated Carlists, was sent to Va lencia four months ago with • recommendation to the Cap tain Gene• al for active employment. Villalongs sent him to Castellon de la Plana, the very district in which he had served as a Ca:list colonel during the civil war, with orders to mate • clean sweep of all troublesome subjects ; in fact, unlimited license to murder whom be had a mind to, in a place where the furmer cabecilla, nicknamed the Alcalde of Villareal, could not fail to have many personal resentments and grudges to feed fat. Llosens has used this bloody warrant to shoot 29 citizens of Villareal, the cut of whose beards was not to his taste. These victims were not even allowed confession, • e d i eea rcum i s n tan tais ce w oo h un ict t i ry h p ug au ely d th agya r v b a c t .the es the the paraded through the streets of the town incorto - 77 7--- " L one of the saes executed, made some resistor*, and rouse his fdlow-altisens by his min to Mem Mu, upon he was taken bask "to the privin, brand 'du ke .", upon a ladder, gagged and covered with klackets, sadi a l carried to the plus when he was shot.. Io halves Caner°, Figueroa, Minister of War, had better to say t han that the men executed thus, lobb ed form of trial, were malefactors; that two wen la the 4 of getting drunk is admitted by the ayuntesioatoo.6 have presented a petition to congren on the mkt Ogres Csaero drew the attention of ak i i 6 - 1""*". to mother enormit Niggly notable. seell • hand* of the politica l) cbl.t of Ciudao•Realorsiok 6,000 reds for every head of a toragido (outi n o. 1 .72 the personal security of a district unser a pressat"zz he may get 601. for murdering the 6 r4 man he taking his head to the magistrate, accompanied b y ils oth im ilii who swears that the victim is a foragido. Thies us am mo of the government of General Narveta. Among the pujects of law laid before the Corta by gi s government is one whisk guarantees on the part of tilt stay to the shareholders in the railway of Loaves, coog ftetid by the Asturian Coal Mine Company, an interest 01 p s , cent. upon the capital invested. The Duke of liisessrei understood to be an extensive shareholder in this cote • The section between Gijon and the first coal beds, • of five leagues, is pretty forward f FLORENCE Jan. 13. For some days past Florence has been looking toy. ward, not without a certain degree of agitation, to the co o& log of the chambers, already announced. Such of y ew readers as take en interest in Dalian grain, ,q remember probably that the present ministry, s h o w y after coming into power, dissolved the lower ohm tier, and " appealed to the country." It was the oil s course for them to adopt. They had been and s • ' Mrs literally by the mob of Florence, and that Ima mob, and by no mew a violent or dangerous one, whin, assembled every evening for a few night' together in tic Piazza Oranduca, and made a noise, and cried "demo this, and " morte " to that, with much energy and pm severance. The dragoons—some 20 or 30 hersemen—non called out, and ordered to disperse the mob. but of caws without hurting them. They endeavoured to do so. Bet the smooth flagstones with which the stn eta of Floreute sit paved, bad for horses at all times, were especially aapp n y consequence of a shower of ruin , and, sad to tell, sandy, o f s the dragoon hones fell. The mob shouted with delight The gamins laughed. The crestfallen troopers had to pin themselves up as they best might; and their commando was fain to send them back to their barrack with a "Be t o n brave army, and don't kick up a row." The next day no ministry of moderator, old Capponi and his frond ' , it. signed I The poor &sae, at his wits', rid sent fir Non & nelli, and commissioned him and Guerrezzi io form a minims Their first act was to dis one the t.hasuber. They won 2 hays had at that time no chance of a majority in either home. Now, although the composition of the lower chamber is bat little modified, it is expected that the "minister) den. cratico" will command a good " working majority." Ti g truth is, that the government of this Ouerrani, recently state prisoner at Porto Ferrajo, and whose advent pawn was dreaded by the whole noble to and bourgeois class as the proximate dissolution of all thing*, has turned oat to be something more like a rational government, more akin to real guidance and regulation than anything that Tommy has seen for a long time. I say the " government of Otion razzi"—for he is the leadinu man—the int inning spirit sl the present ministry. And whatever doubta many my have, or profess to have, respecting other points of his chance ter, there is in ne at all as to his greet away, Mesta talent, and commanding energy. As to Montanelli the opinion of his fellow-citizens m y be described pretty *early exactly the reverse. None doubt his sincerity, h nes yof purpose, and elevated vi-ws. But he is on attic siast—a " fanatico"—a visionary. His great hobby b tit. " constituente"—as it is also, fur the nonce, that of the pops. lace. But, if general report speak true, Ouerraw, who m. bably knows that with an honestly composed lower this and an upper one however unenlightened, most readily !tightened into a very compliable name of mind, no sentry need seek more elementary means of reforming its miss constitution—is by no means anxious for the chapter of chances and hazards which the convocation et this imitate end. would open. It is thought that this diversity of view between cat two statesmen has been the reason for deferring the meeting . of the chambers, originally convoked for a day some weeks since. However, at length, " expectata dies aderst" The morning . way ushered in with ringing of bells notes for the opening of all the parliament' of Christendom I There was a tremendous marching and counteranichiag of bo lies of national guards, all in their best, with their chaS cal looking helmets, streaming with black horse hair. Is tense blaring of trumpets, and an caper diture of guorwde in cannon firing, which I fear might b- deemed to indica an almost reckless exuberance of spirits under the prism circumstances of the exchequer, all contributed to COOTiIIO the Florentines that eometbieg grand and glorious was ass to take place. As usual here with every species of armor whether military, civil, literary, or political, teeniest") parade was put in requisition to eke out the chow. The was to be a Te Deem (pronounced Taydy omayl at th Duomo, se the faded old church finery was had out, andta customary upholstery hung up on the accustomed nails, in the r. gunk. number of squalidly filthy laced surplices wee hung on the backs of the encl.. elastics' figurantes, and tit grand gala allowance of tapers were lit, Cr Taydy•ooM takes a vast quantity of candles unfortunately, and would h otherwise quite a cheap luxury ; and all was done to ropes the fair city with the conviction that the event placedtlang quite upon a par with the Purification of the Virgin, or an other such high day and holiday. From the Duomo the two assemblies marched in preemie to the chambers reigned to them in the PIIIPZIO 'Kan; p en ub d uc o , ld . b h u ie i h ldi h nL, tt i e t n n tl , e d st w rem i,h u i n it t . o g f rim thelass o l was, and whose associations, if ever those of any look) o ethh ld eat w rgre alls almost every act that made Florence what at as were, are calculated to rouse aspire' ions of patriotism in Ms members of a popular aresably once again summoned"' meet within its walls. There the first and only ben 'ess of the _day was to hear the duke's speech to the QVy unbars of boe eliambere [alreatly publialie r d in the Er• prase]. Probably in no countiy---not eves is owu—ls there so great scope, and so great need of lopys useless and absurd expenditure as in 'Tuscany. The by army of clerks and placemen—the " impiegsti," I the term is here multiplied beyond the atoll conceivable limits of the Jack helping-Tem-todo nothill system, were the greatest curse of the old regime. I have hardly room left to tell you, as I had intended, has Bir George Hamilton gave a grand boll on the 4th—be it unfortunately turned out to be the eve* fixed for a concert, at the Pergola, in aid of the Venetians—how this contretemps made a certain sectim of the Florentines most outrageously wrath, very unmoor ably, inasmuch as Bir G. Hamilton's ball was fixed fist — how a meeting was held at the Cafe Ferruccio, the mud urging place of the hotter spirits among our politicians, it which it was determined that no cern ge should be pt' omitted to pass that night to Sir G. Hamilton's villa, bat were to be turned back by force. This was rather too goods joke ; to talk of preventing Englishmen by force frost init• lag on their own minister. The government was Gnash, ea the subject, and inch proter ion u should be uudad readily promised. But the threat raised the choler of Ida Bull not a little ; and we had much talk about pew it," &e., and pistols to be carri-d—as was in max/ sun, I believe done—and very safely brought back asS However, after the ball, the talkers were all too with the splendid hospitality and most successful fete se • has delighted all our English world hers, to think anytluht more of the blustering patriots of the Cafe Perruccio. Galt. rani and Mcntanelli were among the guests, and were, d cones., the observed of all observers. AUSTRO-ITALIAN QUESTION. (Prom the Openions,.ot Turin.] A few days ago La Frets*, in an article forwarded to it, and which it is cosy to perceive is entirely in the late rest of Austria, upheld the rights of that country to Lim hardy aid Venice, and pitted out the reasons that G erman y bad for sustaining the rights of Austria. Germany !sr. the possession of Italy, as fares the line of the Mint*, lf ra quisite for my safety and defence. Admit that tin argument is good. France might also say, if a Gamin date possess Italy as far as the Mincio, bemuse its safety,* defence require it, my safety and defence also render it * ensue for me to possess Italy as far as the Po and the Mae In its turn England might come, which, on account of is Island of Malta, situated between Sicily and Algeria, misil fur its safety an ti defence, equally lay claim to Sicily. If from Italy we pass to Germany, France, for its Koff safety, might extend itself to the Rhine, Russia to the Ws England occupy all the ports of northern Germany, and s on to the end. The existence of states and nations would s longer depend en the right that they had to exist, but on 0 selfish convenience of their neighbours, whenever the found themselves the strongest. The rights of Austria are hued on treaties. By the tmll of Campoformio , __ in 1797, is relinquished the ussessioott the Duchies of Milan and Mantua, and in return row' ' itself of Venice and the Venetian provinces beyond 0 1 Adige. What right bad Austria to these new p roves! It bad lost Lombardy because its armies bad been 'W quished, and because the Lombards, instead of taking** for the defence of Austria, had espoused the part of da French republic. But Venice, with its provinces of ter* firma, constituted a free, independent, and very anoint re public, one acknowleged by every nation in the world. L war not at war with Austria ; on the contrary, it was 0 2 ,..! count of that state that this republic d is g usted, and re nd s" itself the enemy of, the French republicans.. Thegs kii ._ Austria, in seizing upon Venice and a part of its Wm. did so by usurpation sad perfidy. After the battl e of Air I terlits, and according to the treaty of Freeburg, Dtc.,l l . 1805, Austria was to give up the Venetian provinces, wilo• it bad unjustly acquired. Time were in in the kingdom of Italy, which was recognised Austria not only in that treaty but also in the raessol one of Vienna, 10th Oct. 1809, and in many others. th e continental powers of , Europe. According to the Una* either at the death of Napoleon or at the general prose kingdom of Italy was to be separated from FMwa formed into an independent state. But the treaty of. Ps* and afterwards that of View a, violated all the prerldal treaties, trod under foot the rights of a nation, divasV the kingdom of Italy, and abandoned Lombardy snit enie to Austria, which had never a right to the latter, and had. renounced all possession in the form er by the treaties 0 1 Campoformio, Luneville , Freeburg , Vienna, &c. Ausnit cites in its favour the last treaty of Vienna of 1815 ; ag whom was it made ? How were the Italians represented hi it ? Seven or eight millions of human beings srei fitia. I flock that one can sell or change from one master to snails without even in appea Mice consultirg them ! provinc it es, s zt e i co f tutustri.g:iveacqiegatuireileddnoht timatelerlesipcissiaiony th in e olbtsltisio,