The Express. — London, England, 1849-12-21 00:00:00

y ear fur fil. • thiOer ; ti3Of kie 1w n ac !wombed C9et hy lacing he Abl 4Lf, itilassa tauw t e xam ne Ovraliegils. •." diarity Lf theee alf-yeady ens , the homily addremed by the manias indents La tee nceemity of keeping eet India. Never was advice more needed. i thieg more th an advice is required. in these very seminaries that a part et the kings services learn the Fhich lead to pecuniary embalmment practice of credit. So lunch is this hat in the last half-year we have miracle' applications nom lads there to their friends Amy 601.—" to pay their ticks " befor e e a ddi t i o n, then, to advice mount. th might very advantageously tip this be bud at liaileybury and Addiacciebe. atstitutions have, however, other and more 'defects. Taeir coat to the people of India is whereas the prospects of future straw , hick they hold out to their students render them self-supporting. Addis - e tabliehed some employer. L is idle, then, to exclaim against tailoring, wrong to bold up to execration large and costly establishz eats, because they unite splendour of archi tecture and exterior, and ready-made goods, with cheap and money prices. For we may depend upon it tt not all the costliness of exterior, nor the profusion of siivertisements, would attract customers, if they could get their clothes made by tailors in their vicinity at as thing like rational or anti-credit prices. 't hr difference between the known cost of the mater al and its conversion into a coat at a west-end tailor's is such as to shock th e economist- We lately saw a gentleman just returned from San Francisco. who stated that he could get there fur a dollar cloth suffi cient to make him • cent, whist to get the coat actually made would have cost him twenty pound s. MOB6B and Co. were to set up au establishment in California, are they to be blamed or wondered at for attracting customers? In all trade', and especially . in that of tailors, the more each person comes In contact with the working tradesmen, the bete r for the confection of the habit and the condition of the workmen. But the Erglish public loves a monopoly. They would rather crowd to the great mart, and wait an hour to be served, than use thei r own judgment. The s, gent " upon the railroad will call for the Times rather than any other paper, because it is the old-established monopoly shop. And so with every thing, whether it be the purchase of a coat, or the picking up of a political opinion. The English man likes what is ready-made to his hand, for that spares him the pain of judging for himself. The public, we may depen.t upon it, is more to blame than the slop-rank' rs. And the purchasers cf shirts are more to blame fur the grinding of needlewomen than those who seek to turn a penny by the sale. It is impossible that such thirgs as clothing made in the gross can fit as well at d be as rood and perfect as the same made of penliarly selected materials and particular measure. But the exorbitance of the pries in one case has driven the public to the other ex treme of the meanness of eece.omy, fro* which mature experience will produce a reaction. The work in gross is worst for the artisan, to' whose countenance, character, or wants the employer becomes a stranger. The wholesale manufacturer in this trade is like the landlord who pulls down cot tages, and sends his labourer to inhabit a row of haute' in the suburbs of a town. lie grinds them in proportion as he knows them not. And from this isolation and severance of classes proceeds the degra dation of the one, the selfishness and peril of the other. _ Haileybury were five-and-f o rty years ago about the eas e the Royal Military College of Bind ', in a pamphlet published last yew, under bylaeut.-Col. Petossut, of that institu stated that Sandhurst, instead of being f paid and endowed by the state, as the Europe and America are, does not cost the s farthing though it receives at reduced Timm seventy-five or phans and sons o of f /cry different is the pecuniary condition • and Addisoombe. The former was 1805; and in the first fifteen years of its .., cost the people of Lodi& (exclusive of the 92,3251., and of the payment& by students, 1501. a year) no lies than 155,2961. time limleybury sent to India 424 thus their education there cost the coon which they went to make their fortunes, sr • in other words, education at Hailey cost thr relatives of the lads end India a year, of w hich India p a two-thirds. may be said, was at a distant date. Turn year's Indian finance accounts, and Raley them be found to be a charge on India to . of 9,8011 17e, 2d. At present the total cost seminary is about 14,0001. a year, of which the 4,0001., and India the other 10,0001. a Jr the sem total Haileybury ry ceives about Indents a term, and its two terms last about months. • figures against India in the case of Addiscombe quite so formidable; still they are large 'n all conscience. From 1806 to 1820 the ,'s military college (Addiscombe•place was ia bought until 1810) cast th e people of Ind 11x. 10d., exclusive of the boViling, 41,0321., he payments made by the students; and in period the college sent oat to India only 365 Education there coats the students about year, but, in sdditioo, during that. pericd, it pea entry and cultivators of India 2631. a : thus forming an eggs. , ga•e charge of about cadet, f which again India paid two-thirds. ittle improvement of late years has, however, ace at Addisoolobe; for lass year it w Is only a on the revenuts of India to the extent of 13s. ld., and it had then about 150 students. the point on which public attention ought to 11 is, that these institutions are improperly on the people of India at all, and that they be self-supporting. Military education does . the people of England one farthing; why, should it cost the ryots of India a single ropee P .ndhurst (tied Woolwich also we believe) are, fewer Frospeetive advantages, seltsap . porting, should kialle3bury and Addiscombe, with their - prospects, be burthens on the t reasur y of The latter are the sure high roads to fortune, , occasionally, to fame. Thee, surely, are adequate dimmesb for parents to pey for the education of • cuildren lucky enough to be placed on the-e +ay.. The patronage to Haileybur7 and Addis is, no doubt, very pleasant for Last India di but it will be weeds having, even though the of India have not to pay so heavily for its FRANCE. PARIS, TIIIIMIDAY. 8 30, r.o The Assembly to-day voted the government law on the excia.: by a majority of 418 over 245. Yesterday the business of the Chamber bad been confined to the rejection of three amendments; that of M. Mauguin, of which you know the tenour and rejection ; p ubli s hed; fM. Prudhomme, of which the text has been and the third by M. Favreau, allowi..g the tax to be collected till the Ist of Oct. All these amendments were rejected by large majori ties, without leading to anything important in the shape of debate. Toe sitting was commenced to-day by a speech from M. Fould, who said that at the point which the debate had reached, it was plain that all amendments tending to the maintenance of the vote of the Consti tuent Assembly on the 19th of May were of no avail. The only remaining amendments which might be considered as possible wete those tending to modify the tax and the mode of it levy. Under these cir cumst snots, the cabinet wished, and expressed through him their desire, that the project of law should be forthwith debated and voted, inumuch as the public a-rvic_ and the end of the financial year would render longer delay dangerous. With regard to the ch a ges pro posed by certain metub rs, the Assembly, he thought, would willingly postpone them till after the inquiry demanded by the government, an inquiry which was seriously intended, whatever ight be said to the contrary. M. Latrade complained that M. Fould wanted to controul the debate, and M. Dupla, the president, in reply, said that all the amendments tending to modify the Ist article having been re jected, he thought it bat just that a vote should at once be taken upon it. It was the sole method he could find to bring the debate to an end. If the Chamber was of his opinion he would read the first clause of his motion. The Chamber giving its unani mous consent, M. Dupin read the first clause as follows: " Art. 3 of the law of May 19, 1849, which says 'that from and after the Ist of January, 1830, the tax 1 on drinks is to be abolished or abrogated." M. Martin du Loiret pretended that he had an amendment, which seemed to him to have the prio rity over the government project. M. Dupin said that the amendment was more applicable to the 2nd article of the project. The Chamber then voted the Ist clause by serutin de die:sum, with a majority of 379 against 230. The second clause was then read as follows : " The tax on drinks, such as it is established by the present law, is maintained for the year 1850." M. Martha du Loiret moved, as a t he maendment, to i the purport that, °from and after lst of July, 1850, the tax on drinks shall be abolished, and that from arid after the same period the following taxes of * per cent. shall be established, namely, on all capi tal consisting in mortgages ; on all shares and public foods; on all capital of assurance companies; on all offices of notaries, solicitors, huissiers greffsere, stock brokers, and generally all offices and chaoges of which the transmission is authorised by government." This amendment was rejec'ed, as also an amendment of M. Darblay, and another of M. Lagrange. The second clause was then adopted. Ultimately the law was voted by the above-mentioned majority. M. &wryer, as reporter of the budget committee, Arrairion has been of late much, and we hope brought up a report, adopting durgence the govern usefully, directed towards the state and condition of inept demand for the immediate vote of three pro emial London trades. One papor has complained, visional twelfths on the budget of 1815. Urgency , wit without caner, of the high pnea at which most is was granted, and the debate will come on to-morrow. Mailed, another of the low and unremonerating price The committee on education and the council of state at which moths@ are sold. And the accusation goes are about to cane into conflict. The council of state en to argue, that whilst a certain oe " Immutable" por- has no right, according to the constitution, to do o ht tics of the trade have the oniscisoos to charge a fair bat give its advice on a project of law. of prise to the boyar and give a fair price to their this, the council of state has so changed the point el Mishima, the greed of others has drawn the public law on education that it beoomes a oonnter prole*. I away to ready.mode shops, and wrongfully indulged The council of Mate will probably be requested to re the mammy of °Quietism at the expose of the bellies main in future within the limits of its attributes. et the journeymen. A mot of the Pope's, in reply to M. Bay Oa examination , however, a reason will be found d 'H rlliers , is in circulation. M. Baraguay d'we he all these things, throwing the blame, if we mice- has been endeavouring, as you are aware, to Meese take not, oa quite a different class from those dealers the Pope to return to Home; nay, he had expressed whisk it pleases our contemporaries to deummee. his determination to use force ; but, notwithstanding The bang ci all retail trades is ia the first place the all. he has failed in his attempt. M. Baraguay dliil ailemity or the habit of giving audit. Ia whatever hers then said, "My government will guarantee to Mimes that is mUblished, the prices generally your holiness a peaceful and durable return to abated mast be such as to Gov't bad debts, and re- Rome? Pius is said to have replied, " But who, mousealla for aloes outstanding cf 3. Now both general, will guarantee your government ?" the Webers and the tailors who y the higher "It Is atutonlinek" aye the Slack, "that negotia elegem, are is this prodialment, coesequeses does have been entered into between France and Tur as pekoe are each as to cause an emiamation at the key for the on of a treaty of extradition. A greed of Ms tradesman frees those who do net enter similar treaty already exists between France and tato the (auditions of sale. With respect to the Wend, the United States, Bto. The crime for Wale, there is little to be said. Of meat, the rich which extradition may be demanded bitween France may bay as dear, and the poor as cheap as they please. and the Porte are murder, rebbery, forgery, fraudn la no trade are the pates and crudity of the commodity lest bankruptcy. and bigamy. It cannot in any no oompletely apportioned to the means and the pains- cam be des 07. fee political o ff ences. The old taking at the purchaser. Where each potties al the arrangsnierie bstwesa Trance and the Porte had not public his its own will ant its owa remedy, the pram provided for rim different questions 'of extradition, of max be silent. which the tribinale of the south of Franco have long More noise is made about tailoring ; sad distress demanded the solution. The French consuls and itionesarily . exists in a ailing Into which woman agents in the Levant ham all foe some years declared ma so easily intrude. That hie trade, however, at that a new arrangement was necessary? . . exercise. • make India pay for these seminaries is not a , instance of " paternal" government : and it beComes still lees so when we contrast the stinginess of this government on the subject of edu cation in India itself; when we compare it with its treatment, for example, of Madras. the presidency of Madras there are not less than en millions of people under the immediate and government of the East India Company ; and them be added the population of the gates de rot on or tributary to that presidency, the num would probably rise to thirty millions vas yields the company a revenue ot ) 1611. a year, and the annual ripen s of its governm ent is only 3,598,34141 leaving a surplus applicable to the deficits of the presidencies. The native army of Madras is , 52,000 strong ; and there are in the presidency e 6,000 Queen's troops; in all scarce'y less than .4000 soldiers. It has from 180 to 200 civil ser /ants; and enjoys the benefit of a bishop and 34 episcopal clergymen, and of two presbyts rian minis ters: all paid by the bard -working pesc.:t.ble but re trograding peasantry of the presidency. Well, some two years ago Sir ROBERT INGLIS desired to know what the East India Company did native education ; and he moved for a return on subject. From this document it appears that out one hundred millions of their subjects the East India Company educates only 17,000 pert ons ; and that in Madras it has neither schools nor scholars. The latter statement appears incredible ; but here is the authority for it : Gorr from R. G Clarke, EOfficiati Secretary to COVIeCiI of EdOWSISONI Of F at St. George, to Cltie/ Secretary tharromerti. Vast April. 1847. I sea directed by the Coansil of lohnattle to ae-1 knowledge the receipt of extract from the MON DM cense dated Bth January last, forwarding cagy ef dowel* from the Court of Directon and of Its Wiese% regeleleg ea the wpm, of bane laid before the Seem et Ceneetek mai eth return shoeing the masher of scholars, and the mum et ‘ n eation perm. d in the wend *shoo* er ear Jimmie for education maintained at the rabbet:peen la Prendancr, and inmate that it Am been 1141Ctfillifieli. that tii, re are no mach ettnentionol stiablishmente l *salons is tAte Presidency.—l here, &a., It. G. Cianns, OSetaciag Secretary. The statement contained in this letter, we repeat, appears incredible. We mum believe that, while speeding 13,0001. a year of the taxes of India ou Haileybury and Addiscombe, the East India Com pany has " ob eest i t if eesal establishment • in the Madras peesidency. Bu the statement be cornet — and it is made by the oficiating secretary of the Madras governowmt in answer to a retura required by the House of Commons—what inmates of the " character "of John Company T What. .EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 21, 1849 g2kr.akree__ - ___,.............4--- -- .. - Tc... resisltVtunges, hes • little "te do *th this elieleepti, we 1 The Mimiuter coot-lite a deniee, by which the al'lZtrol IleZtto etc A L.lttesl rtimt iti the : el. auks 4 f the dri a i roeht of the o..rd a-e call* Autt it Law t i a'.., .Ts hich *atm " OW tose.tter on the Vit'l pros. 24 choose ad. puty instead there ode tOOO *Mire out eitsploy is the metroyclip, 'ofM. de Beaune, who died lately. ,M. do &tune and 6,000 only partially at work. Ti e same coat- ' was a legitimist. .. went., quotes the Morning Herold 'of that dal, I ____ rar lIIISMOU. as jut acults.,_______________—.--- authority toe stating "that comp etitian bad reduced YAWS, Dsz. SO. For e duced . —..---_ the prim of shirt-making from 3e. to 91. per dozed." stosey.l wows: Ittbtst. um*. Pew* The resent evil is, th•refore of somewhat ar tient ---- -- --' --,, date. With respect to tailoring, we must say, that : I ,'„,: cs t: •••••••• - f i ' l l i t I VI r. ,11 ls, tg :3 : a that transfer of business from the west to the . — ier. Nevins:l .. .. I* ye 44 text end of London, and from what our content li i l Le r r Car ., .. 1.. .. .. .. porary calls the " honourable" to the ready- I meow se Lamina' : red. ;:. 2S 4;.: 110 days 1% VW " made business, has been chit fly owing to the ' si s ipww.s, uses — litorry. Na Kett" 85 Mow) exorbitant prices &turd by " honourable" D m 11 . 1541 •••• . lai .. Kansa 188 . 31 UO. 411 gentlemen. These prices we admit to be the b.. 24 ... 7-* „ B an k s w im 2148 necessary result of a system of credit. And yet when b wa ss. p u b ta d o r i s sor„ 780 • pais we 1011 , 14 /42 SO; bugles* has been set up and conducted on the ready- R0u.12 •Dd Haws, 24016+2111 2 18• 2 11 a■A Bo* 115 23 • Oman ivier money principle, it has been considered unfashionable, 00 ; . 4 i 5a"41,1"i44.44)g);4217411:1;24 6° ' P a r /r 4 *ra t u t f ft o : and first-rye togas have lost caste and business by misses sod Manoilles. 117 110; *slew .88 ;Wove, 162 30; IL low charges and an attempt at ready money dealines. uerma ul e 410 ; von" 111 "' WO' 14 " ) * I'lli left .wok, 1 " 13 . The fault of this lies no'. with the tailor hut with the -- --- - r -- - SPAIN. SPAIN. MADRID, Dec 14. The Gazette contains the nomination of Andres de Arango as royal commissioner for the inspection of agriculture throughout the kingdom, and Ventura de Pugs, and Vamp: Quripo. for similar offices. The minister of finance publishes the conditions for the sale of 33,5n5 quintals of quickeilver. which the government holds in deposit in London. The se 33 585 quintals, which are held by R ohschild and Baring, AM to be sold to the highest bidder, exclusive of that wt which may be sold up to the day o' the auction. The proceeds e f the sale to be paid within a month of the auction to the president ol the commission of finances of Spain residit g in London, at the rate of exchange office dollars per pound sterling, and as fast as the buyer receives the q uicksilver, for the giving up of which the governm ent will make the necessary arrangements. The government will limit the extraction of the quicksilver of the mines of Almaden and Almadenejo during two years to 12,000 quintals a Sear, inclusive of what may to produced by mines discovered, or to be discovered, in the Peninsula, the government en gaging notto sell any quantity duringthat period except slush as may be rtquired in cone quence of the con cessions already made, and will only make use of the mineral extracted as a security, with the condition of its not being sold during two years. Tenders must be sealed, and, according to the governmea model, the sum to be put in writing and not in figures, with the sianaturo of the firm or c irporation that makes the tender. Indeterminate proposals to be consi dered as null. No tender will be admitted unless the patty making it has deposited in the Spanish Bank of St. Fernando 50,000 di liars in hard cash, or 3,500,000 in paper of the three per cents., or 9,000,000 in the four sad five per cents. an guarantee. This money will terve as a deposit to swine the perfor mance of the contract by the contractor who has bid highest, but as soon as the contract is made, the other parties, whose tenders were unsuccessful, shall receive their deposit money again, and likewise the contractor his, when the quicksilver has all been paid fur. The auction will take place on the s'h January. The greater part of the sitting of the Chamber of Deputies was taken up in tt.e discu-sion of the purity of election bill brought in by Olozaga- According to this de 7 nty , 200 deputies (out of 349 that have bre . ? sent by their coestitut nts) have attended in their pt.ce in the Chamber during six years of legislature, and 199 situations or decorations have been distributed among them. Olosaga's bill proposes pains and penalties against the authorities who transgress the law relative to elections, e-pscially when they un justly deprive electors of their right.. Olrzsga avowed himself a pa bean of as y s tem which, followel out, would lead to universal suffrage, but his bill was framed in such a way that the nroderado government could accept it without its being a party question. Nasvatz was exceedingly courteous in his reply, eulogising his adversary's eloquence, talent, and pub lie virtues, and saying that the government would be glad to have the bill referred to a committe and exa mined, as its importance de-erved. In this Narvaez proved no small tact, for if he had done otherwise the cry of the progresista party to their deputies to leave the Chamber, because there are no guaranties s fir in dependent free-speaking deputies, would have become universal, and the old general, in accepting Message's bill, gave the " lie circumstantial" to those who made those cries. !Emma, Dec. 14.—Three per rants., 3011.16 arc. Four per Cents., 121 paper. Fire per Cents., '2j paper. Cou pon s, a paper. Bank of ht. et:Aimed, 51 paper. Exchange on London, 30.33. -..- • . Z ...---_-------• some 8001. a-y rue OrprrOfs• yews they Lave I 1 — 4,..... _ OUTuOI2IO UAIL•i. stead of ndoci the in otemere e Ani.ther pie 1 Tee mans ent al s .41140. .. dal 'Malt. , .11.610, kept , raioatioes is t Coates, lithe, 11 . I t 1.9.4. to., sill be .... to up es Viet to the etadente 1 meanie es W 24 TM mat ma's f t Usti In, Spate, and °Amato will be eebt in I°sl ' But some chip: . 1 Jamie Lisa 1) r. 27. 1 11 i The nags tar Ikeda Niirth Mae ire cud the United For it is in Slates will b. MISM/ up ea tn. o mits; el 0 c 28. . at. least et TM Wes • Is ex nail, include des Ii ',LAWS. Itavatisah. heti'', which Isassu, 114 dem, 14.. w 0 444144, and ate aco, sad eutectics and the pree ' 1 Iwo sad Meatus. ae. leall.lll-Netsrai.ua, New (homes, Chill, sad Pena. will be 'taw's') ea the ma 4 , ..iag of Jae. 2. the case, that i seen two appl 1 . Tbe salts tar Slaked., tee WWl*, and puvaallAyiseonll lo Mile a v ea 11.• ' , mans .4 Jaa. 4. foe tome-- say Th e we ns for O i t uu ltar,lislut., Or tee, NA , Unita Islana!, kre. te tors nig. In . 11 1 Sart, Ceyioe, ii,ais, and Cates. vie tiotaimapsea, will d i 111 I be sues up us 111 avoutei dime. 19 habit is the b ----------__ Tame instiV WI RA* At La illall allll3oll. TayTayll44W-Jawat MS ai. 111. as. ....... aturewa. Ob. am. eel toes defects .44-144444e-Dienmet. 141.4444...•......411144ana. /ir la: eLormuite, tab in Ife whit 1 , LONDON, FRIDAY, DECEMBE R 21. "Olt t o 14 combo mid ---- i Wa mat own that the free-traders hays been foss , or hesl ermievrhat slow to tarn out to the challenge of their t .h ' un me ... ° N s ow t h ! 1 adverearies. After a war so keg fou.sht, sad so well h Uu a Z tUrig it is Yi" st TIM. there ti a reluctance to take up once more the I weapon of a mbat, or even to credit the misimeness el renewed attack. Thy protectioni-t vapourers have andeornely I c eis j e ti n eg k e iy s of cror use therefore had the held tor some ante to th i z r - - i mime. Neither the litters' orator nor tes of mallet care to go over the old pound i ' , i pay d corn lac inlitaty, or to expose the hashed up Cars t er 1 111 I l ' sophisms of ten yeas ' standing. But the public wire fuuLdA .Yr ig l if anfortuutth ly beginning to take nem we strength, sad wicontratsieted vaunt ix power. •• r. COBBS eliliteloo it 4 buildtm• 92, : I has however taken the tied at L ids, as Mr. IlittollT ~ Mad Mr. OIRSON have nuns at Manchester, and we averaging I *Mt that all large and Hemel cons:Bunch. will rn that ti , raises the example, and put their wishes and writers du 1 '• ' determination on record at a time when protection Mtn mhn hos gathered courage from despair iii..d opportunity 4094. a year i i I be BOBS a lent effort ere resigning itself tu die out- miry Ulm 00 right. &beta 800 L e But Mat, it I it is curious, but tru-, that whetever a caste or 1: I slam has sought to take up a dintinuttre and eminent they to Ludt puritioo, perunnently mean* to and above their b will ti fellowe, they have slays so managed as to b us y itent o' base their weslih and power upon something which of the main ,1 1 1 Image and mulcts the whole community. This is peovi- lade pay 4 dentist; for by tantrum; the airect interested' the Whole Tear. For 1 atennuatty against it, tne unjust superiority must in- linty *Bidet . ' evitably be destroyed. if an aristociacy came to mono- nips monthr I polies u.e gold, the silver, the stets. the arms, the Tee figur science, or the mete power of a country, it might be are not nu difficult t i g t the people to vitality them, or wring enough in from them a superiority thus held. But when an Comtmay's 1 i 1 aristocracy ensue to barn pt' in a nd wealth, or a not bough monopoly of toe necessaries of life, such as corn and 9 5 9651 . 11l land, as suit end shelter, they are merel y rendering and ant the r inevitable their own discomfiture. They resemble that period those foolish coluoisere, who reze and occupy the cadets- y E ill 1 ' month of a river, fur t he p um p . se of raising a 1 401 . a es (" 00l l: e t: Pe n e tax on its fatale trade , for g et log I 1 p o p ulation, end Lower lama. up that the as banks, wealtheth' st poesessore of them w ill most ceitainly no longer 49111 . a ear I I submit to any band of lordly b uccant e 1 , , whom an- Some hitt 1 i When the aristocracy of En g land, therefore, based Icahkarengo Bs3Lp r II i ll their poser and we it on the d arnets of corn, sn i t the 13. In a country, too, whose increasin g numbers they were ,gat linable to !eel even at any death se i t price, that ha Snot aristocracy risk. d not only the anti-populir pneilege charges oe ougat to 1 in which ineir wealth was made to cot stet, but they 1 ! not cost tt 1 , risk- d all other privileges end their •ery exittence then, shot with it. the p rotectionist lords stood in the bed of If Sandhi i a torrent to mar=t i's coming. Their more wary brethren saw the danger, and dragged them out. with few I And now the r• suite of a few madmen into take up why oho that pesition again. greater IV What is most to be detired is, that acme calm, re- India? spected,ratioaal voice would mane itself heard by these and, octal madmen • and that it should ma ke them under- induce= . stand that what they attempt is t o dangerous, so ab- their eal I 1 mud, so totally against th e course of things, the cur- in laws I rept of opinion, the impulse of popular wants, the minhe main; feasibility of aristocratic requirements, that it re I ) would be as easy to move the Egyp- people 0 tiara pyramids to Hampstead Heath aa t o exerciee. reimpose a tax on the first necessaries of life. When To sus the - Roman aristocracy wanted to rule and content happy it the segmented number of their people, they were becomes obliged, out of their wealth, to give them the first stingthel sixteen I ' ac cessary of lifegratis. If, inste ad of thx, they had cation in taxed corn import', they would have been swept trea.n the 'am 1 from the lace of the earth, as any aristocracy will I 1 ; that duvet attempt it. , i I : 1 Meantime Mr. CUBDEN has raised at Leeds the sheet 11' i 1 1 i i , ii trumpet note that one might e xpect from him,—a to till mote of popul it power and defiance, such as must Padua awaken in the hearts of the pro tectionist braggarts a htra 1 sense of the casabas comb . t they would recklessly Madras engage in. Parties in England (and we include 3. 88 4 11 more than parliamentary parties in what we say) are dame at the present moment situated mxh tike tae gift- thee lei rent struggling states of Europe; all chaffer, and other I ~iii ,11 1 111 1 ) • 1. 1 . . negotiate, and threaten, and observe each other shout i mutually, but none dare seriously th ink of war, for if some 6 mach should breakout between any two, nut only would 60. 000 enjoin in it, but the people, through whose means alone vents wars are carried on, would rise to make their own oPionn conditions, and pursue their own, not their rulers', in- Ws: I ii tweets. For pretty much the same reason, the great trope political pries of England should eschew war. And We 1 i 1 . . i the hoisting of the standard of protection over a par- desire lisatentary statute would be flagrant war. For then, feri a m Mr. Contres gravely prophesied and em- . i phatically told, people would oome forth, of me not merely with the aim of tearing tip that flag India of popular famine, but of sweeping from the land all in Me that trickery of the constitution by the favour of lathe which aloes it could have been re-erected. oaths: We are not, however, going to make an article on "Lir Mr. COBDEN'S speech. It is as brief, and as pithy, yet ""', 1 1 I I as comprehensive, as any programme of a party 0 17; mild be. And all that we or any one need say of it, h ues is—Read it. catio i ~------7.--. frost I I Port) I Tim winter examinations of the Rant India Com- aim . pay's civil and m i b =inarieearejast over. The •°°° mead belf-yearly in Leadeshezetreet, th e b lib ' mud half-yearly special trains for the directors and tilis e see their sleets, and the usual addressee by the chairman is c to the students d Haileybary and Addiseembe, were . a • ' 1 ' followed by the nasal "elegant collations "at those r Matitations. Those eaten, the company, an usual, re- elrf li, 3 , il4 ' ds ning 1 1 i t , . kra""ertlelatimailFaretthewilly ads delighted de tvineeder li s g ai hted thiltirTermin at ti t l h si e r ir trilm :Pe d pecia tite . 7F nil pests, and the youngsters themselves persuaded that no Utley are shoat to enter on the best service in the at i world. And, in one sense, it is the beet service ; fix . l al the primary condition of emcees and promotions ider D 7 the East Ind i a Company's rale is—life. " Alt, my '1 11"... el ligtabgag the r 6"ivarisessigisiserricesiuldineniri-Chziraor IRel:mb!,ofth:Arrtiboun,mgyWhiabOyelaill; ilk: ears lusher all, the best ; for all that we have to do W ; 1 i i l ; ' 1 I i I I. ' r I " 1 I i il : . ' k 4 ' 1 wimi.:llB4live!" ever M e I d he :an i d nse ze t al h. ar 7 e e qu Pargi alificatione v"isri e U e- no exadary to longevity ; so, at least, says Mr. R. D. re Meincims (now a director himself) is one of his at lilbibstrph &rainy articles, written to prove his fit- a ages for that high Mike. 6 comb the examinations at Haileybery and Addie. p be there is fi rst to be remarked this unsatisfactory i peculiarity, that they are conducted by the principals a sad professors of the seminaries themselves. 1,1 ktut:eplarserednocring:teadp44l:htede by the & g i r l , e: ; - c intimations are conducted before the direciors; and I the sompany present is pram composed of the I mistime of the 'Waits nc by the direetard. I Thee the whole affair is snag and comfortable. Every ems present, ezesptgoorrhaps a few of the backward I neopytes, is in humour on the occuion. The 1 directors are seaway interested in their yoaddel amblers i the directors have overflowing confidence ia their prodeseors ,and the Proteneom ar° l ey unions to show the directors kW socosed'ul them se- atomic' are. These foliage, inverted byse- hall-street beeakfast, aad eamaraget by the cd the m eirgeat collation " to be served when spesehea ra The are over, are not without their effect ea the emadastions. y may be safilcient ; bat in sash a there is . so @Minty for their edlleilinep. At odwieh Medway they parses soother easfbna, with, it is generally *cued, ankh • better results; with, at all events, musk igelat i a li tY• Formerly there used to be an aorrocaminer at Ad- iambs ; and with that liberality (some call it en- haveganee) which characterises the directors, they nab the people of India pay Bir HOWARD DOUGLAS it 111 I . . • ' P. ITALY. ROMAN STATES.—The Osservatore Romano announces that the Papal government has concluded a loan with a French hanking-house, but it does not state the amount. The jesuits are shortly to be rein stated at Orvieto. The Giornale di Roma of the 11th states that M. Mazio, director of the Pontifical Mint, was attacked on the night of the 7.h by an unknown individual, and wounded in the neck. The wound was but slight. SARDINIA.—There is a alight change in the Turin ministry to notice. M. de Marghtrita, minister ot grace and justice, who is appointed judge of the Court of Caseation, is succeeded by Baron Sicardi, who has just returned from a mission to the Pope, at Partici. The Piedmontese Gazette contains a notice, inviting the deputies of the new Chamber to meet on the 19.1, for the despatch of preliminary matters. The Opinions of Turin, of the 16th, has the follow ing :—" We have announced—too hastily, perhaps — that letters of naturalisation had been granted to Court Mamiani. The apostolical nuncio is desirous of avenging Pius IX. for Mamiani's declaration that papacy is incompatible with temporal power; although he (Mamiani) at the same time protested against the republic. The cabinet. on the other hand. fear his great political talent and hie unblemis'aed fame, and thus they hesitate to confer the right of citizenship upon him, although it would be • gnat honour for Piedmont, and an advantage to the Chem- The Press and the Consiilutionnel state that Count Mamiani hu been actually refused his letters of na turalisation. The Notional, of Turin, of the 16th inst., mentions numerous political arrests that have taken place at Genoa, in consequence of the police having discovered some traces of an intended political movement TUSCANY.—The Grand Duke of Tuscany has disbanded the three regiments of infantry that formed his army. A few picked me:, are to be incorporated in the N elites. Disturbances having broken out in the village of Incise, a detachment of Austrian in fantry and a piquet of cavalry have been dispatched there to restore order. Letters from Leghorn of the 1 13th state that the querantine on vessels from Mar , seines has been reduced to five days. HOLLAND. THE HAGUE, Dec. 18. The First Chamber of the States General met yes terday after its rem.. Tne fundamental law, as amended by the Second Chamber, was debated, and arts. 1,2, 3,4, and 8 of the budget of 1860 were voted. The project, as paned by the Second Chamber, for the transfer of deferral debt and exchequer hills into the active debt was The committee for the month of Dec. was =owed. The Chambers continue the discussion on the fun damental laws, especially the budget for 1860. The navy were passed by large majorities on the 14th. A loan bank is shoat to be established at Haarlem, the object of which is to make pecuniary advances to the industrial poor. The capital is formed of funds invested without interest by benevolent persons. The bank does not give loans to any persons who are unable to read and write, or who receive public charity. They must furnish proof of good conduct and industry, and advances are only made in such oases as look promising. The lenders are subsequently obliged to prove that the sums advanced have been employed as indicated. No loan can exceed 100 Gonna, and must be repaid in small weekly instal ments after the expiration of eleven weeks; nor can a second loan be granted until the Snit has been repaid. The services of the directors and all others at the bank are gratuitous. MADILL DI lArsv.—We have. beard on good aathonty that this lady, who, it will be remembered, was governess in the May of th• DOS de PrISIIII at the time he so cruelly murdered his unfortunate duchess, load who was arrested and examined on svapiona of having been accessory to the crime, was married lately to the nephew of an Irish peer.—Sterting paper. GERMANY --- The fullowinx letters are [tom our corm') sedents Vienee rod Brain: VIENNA. DECEISIIBII It. In the beginning of the mouth a repor. . went the round of the papers that a telegraphic des patch had been seat from Vienna with orders to the army in Bohemia to move towards the Saxon frontier. Whether this mevsure was intended to over-awe the Saxon demo crate, or to menace Prussia, or to do both, there is little doubt at present that the Bohemian corps has gemmed a far more warlike attitude than was ex pected when assurances were given to Prussia that the collection of so large an armament near her frontier was motived simply by the conve nience of the position for consolidating the Hunga rian and Fallen troops newly won by the suppression of tee revolution in both those countriee. It is now rumoured that this corps is to receive a considerable reinforcement from Russia, about 8,000 men. It ap pears certain, according to tne Wanderer, that the dir. ctions of b rth the Olmiitz and S.lesisn branches of the North Railway have received instructions to hold all in readiness for the transportation of large bod es of troops. The Pesther Zeitung brings a now list of court-mar tial sentences. in which the names of some important pe r sonages figure. Uedecin Count Raday, obergespistx of the county •.:f Nesgrad, who continued to take part in the debates • f the upper house after the impe:ial proclamation cf f!ctober 3, aid raised volunteers for the insurgent army, has been condemn: d to tiro years imprisonment in a forirrse. George Count Karoly. Sig . -) a member of the Diet, has been fined 150 000 florins. The three months' imprisonment to which he wen sentenced has been remitted by Ger.eral Hay wee. Michael Toth, a Calvinist preacher at Dtbrec zin, who served the c iuse of the insurgents with great zeal, both as a journalist and public speaker, and led tee Debreczin . atonal guard to take part iu the siege of Arad, was condemned to be hanged, which doom ' was commuted into imprisonment in a fortress in heavy irons for the term of twenty years. All his property is confiscated. Lewis Hadja, a Calvinist preacher at Szentes,who bestirred himself with mach energy to raise recruits for the Hungarian army, and to call out the landaturm, tanning pro clamations, and making fervid speeches to rouse the lower classes, received the same sentence and commutation of putishment as Toth. Motesiezky, the organiser of the Getman legion, and Bela Tassy, member of the court-martial at Szegedin, were con demned to five yews' imprisonment in a fortress, the latter in irons. Karlowsky, engineer of the Pesth railway, who directed the operation of pulling up the rails al d sinking them in the Theis', was sentenced to three years' imprisonment in a fortress in irons. The Presbueg papers also contain a list of sentences Iby court-martial against several insurgents of less note. The Archduke Ferdinand D'Este died lut night ee Bliion, of typesus. BERLIN, DECEMBER 17. The reports published by the Minister of Finance are of such importance, that I forward further details upon the subject. I must remark here that Vie more circumscribed nature of the report on the present occasion does not arise, as I hinted at in a former letter, from the will ar.d pleasure of the Minister of Finance, bat from the desire of the chambers for economy. Whether the saving consequent upon the suppression of the de•ain of the income and expenditure of the state be sufficiently great to balance the disadvantage of the discontent of those wishing to Wain a closer insight into the condition of the country, and the mode in which their money is spent, is a question which 1 must leave to the chambers themselves to decide, contenting myself with iuforming you that that discontent is by no means trifling among a large Lumber of the better-ilformed inhabitants or Berlin, who regard the suppression of the details as en omen for the future financial resolutions of the legislative body. In the report on t etherty expenses for 1849 and 1850, tog 201 millions dollars, the Minister of Finance declares that the debt bearing interest will be increased only by the sum of 3,170,00er dollars, being the amount of the caution monies which the government intend to employ, and the deb' not bearing interest only by about 9,100,000 dollars in Treasury bills. The first disadvantage he con siders to be completely counterbalanced by the Lc', that the bonds fur the national debt are already ie circulation, and that, therefore , no new paper need tR issued ; that the railway loan will be reduced by 5 millions through this measure; turther, that no tear need be Entertained respecting the IN pay ment of the caution moneys, as for every official wt.o leaves the public service another one enters it, who has immediately to deposlt the same amount of elution money, and finely that no disad qintage can laclrue to the money market from putting into circu lation the national debt bonds, hitherto held ii. deposit, because 1,400,000 dollars will be immediately employed in electing the annual reduction of the debt, wit a similar sum in the ensuing year. The Minister of Finance further declares that the Trea sury bills already in circulation to the amount of 9,100,000 elollars, and which he proposes to continue, cannot prove dangerous, as experience shows that the total amount in circulation hardly ci rresponds with the amend. The custom try reference to other countries is not w nting upon this occasior, in order to exhibit the comparatively prosperous condition of the finances of Promos. An addendum to the report respecting " the extra ordinary expenses for the military administration " shows that the !um of 6,981,970 dol..rs will be re quired to cover the expenses incurred during the last six months of the present year. AUSTRALIAN COLONIES, VAN DIEMEN'S LAND. By way of Adelaide and Batavia, Hobart Town journals have reached us to the 1511 Augutt. We observe the Courier of August 11 reports the R yal Bank of Australasia in difficulties, and states that 300,0001. of tLeir bonds were floating about London, with no assets to pay them. From a draft of the estimates of the revenue and expenditure of the colony for 1850, it would appear the probable reve nue is estimated at 137,4461. 14s. 7d. ; the sum re quired to de ray the expenses cf government is 137.0291. 7s. 6d., of which amount no less than 98,2391. lls. 11d. is required for salaries, allowAtces, and office contingencies, 1,3001. for charitable pur poses, 4,195/.125. 6d. for educaton, 8,7541. ss. for public works, and 3,5391. 61. 3d. for roads, streets, &c. The heavy charges for salaries, &c., have excited some degree of indignation, inasmuch as the charge s are rapidly increasing on the receipts. It would appear that the expense of collecting the customs is not quite 7 per cent. The following extracts are the only items of interest in the journals before us : At one of its meetings, Mr. Gregeon pave notice of his in tention to move f v a ?Aura of the number of schools, both general and denominational, which have curing the past year been au Totted, either wholly or in part, by public money, with the number of children attending each school; the names of the schoolmaster and ect.oolmistresses, and their condition in life, that is, whether any of them have been other then free ; and the net revenue of each, whether arising from government cuntribations, or from fees paid by the parents of the children, or from other sources. Tot-La.—Separate from the cost of erecting the toll gate on the main line of road, we lint the coat of collection is such as ought to deter from this method of raising money. The revenue at New Town gate is estimated at 8001.; at Sand Hlll, 4601 ; total, 1,260 C; and the salaries of the col- lectors amount to 2431. 5a., or nearly 20 per cent. on the sum collected. The expense of collecting the customs is not 7 per cent.—Eraminer. Convict Ship.% which have arrived in Van Diemea's Land sines January, 1849. Jan. 4. Pestongee Boomer'', Dublin 2BB males. „ 20. Lord Auckland, Dublin „ 21. Eden, Portsmouth 33 males. „ 27. &mom, New Zealand Feb. 2 Blenheim, Dublin 299 „ March 17. R. •yal Saxon, Calcutta 7 /I April 6 P , Wellington „ 12. Cadet, Plymouth 19. Halcyon. Adelaide July 23. Maria, Kingston August 6. Fair Tasmania, New Zealand 4 males. SOUTH AUSTRALIA. By way of Singapore Adelaide journals have been received to the 10th of September. Judge Cooper had announced that indisposition would prevent his sitting at the criminal sessions, which has led to the selection of a puisne judge at 8001. a year ; much dissatisfaction appears to exist at the irregularity of the court's sitting owing to the judge's abs-nce. The South Australian, Sept. 4th, notices a series of out rages committed on the natives on Yorke's peninsula, which are described as whole s.le murd - e - r.7 -s t, white shepherds are stated to he of the worst ratter, and constantly outraging asst s cercy by their frequent intercourse wit the vr o . of the blacks, seizing their wells and ti,l•inK gro m T: , such conduct is retaliated by the t Lek., but ti supetiority of the arms cf the whites uisl a d,. 6 destruction on their pursue re. The ern'gritr a t arrived at Adelaide, per Indian from E n o7"7 held a public M sting , at which gnat eompli7t• w e re made against the commander, offi ce , I* surgeon-ruperintendent of the vest I, who ceeded in debauching almost all the female p ew mingsrs; the vesiel is described tt have been wool than the lowest kind of brothel. A public it*, was be:ng made by a committee for the purple s ;I making an official report of the circuinstai.eis t o o il colonial and emigration commi - siocers. Ceptaia and family had arrived at Adelaide, and the wi g explorer would, it was stated, hold the appoi lti , 4o of colonial secretary on 700/. per annum. Theft. lowing is au abstract of the tradal returns of p et Adelaide for the second quarter of 1849: Imports—Total value £139.48312 6 Imports re-exported 10,731 4 0 Total consumed in the country Exports—Total value Imports re-exported Exports the produce of the colony 90,012 6 0 From an official return of the number of destteg Adelaide in 1848, it would appear than 523 di e d, g which one-third expired from diseases cf the i t " ; 234 cLildren anal under two years of are. WESTERN AUSTRALIA. Oar &deices from Perth arid Fruit intle, rewi red via Batavia, extend to the end of Sep tuber, sad furnish a few items of intelligence conteoted epithets @ portion of the colonies. !duel septati°o Wasgok g on with the view of inducing the government to fore a settlement at Champion Bay, near which letelity coal has been discovered, as also the metalliiere s , ores, known as the Geraldine Mines. The estalitiels meat of a town site at Champion B .y is regarded hp the sanguine Swan folk as a panaa for the imps verished colony of Western Ausralia. WWI Me view, in some measure, of meting the &meld ft labour, the authorities have assigned the wive pei. Boners as servants to the settlers ; bOng mine at the district to which they have been aseigoed, ty express themselves delighted at the eh loge, notwoh. standing their term of servitude will be immesh prolonged in consequence of the therapies, The government Gazette, September 182 t, ja i trounces that the authorities, with the ri m of opening an establishment at Champion Bay, sdl grant a free passage to such partite as &limb settle there, and that for their ptitecti, n a deal,. rr.ent of her Majesty's 99,h Regiment would bete. dered to the spot. The quantity of pectoral Made Champion Bay is estimated at 300,000 acres; Os agricultural prospects are not less eccourseit g, visa the quantity of land adapted to snob purple , I anti. mated at 9,000 acres on the Greenough river, andel the Chapman, Bowes, and Irwin, este' el+ng to 19.000 of fine cora laud. Oa September 19 a public wet irg was held at Perth for the purpose of eetahliehirt a horse-breeding company, in order to simply 61 Indian market with horses. The measure wes ew warmly supported by the leading calouiste. Tee ides of forming an Indian horse establishment has Is several years been entertained in the odoey, but it is only now that the stelae 'ppm determined by their own effi•rts to ant tie imeending ruin of the colony. Tie Router( a once ceded the site of land required for the compeo operations—the spirit in which the proposal emu by the colonists, and the manner in which it vs , a conded by the governor, called forth the I:cely preesione of gratitude from the settler?, who,iatio language of the Perth Independent, Sept. 21, "lock upon the present proposed company as tint the pte• mem of others; the knowledge its erablistueem will disseminate in India of our colony must uses* rily lead to Wither enterprise, for which capital vu not be wanting, and W ee t e rn Australia will at Ins* have her numerous capabilities properly developed, her mines of riches will be opened, acd mil assume a high station among the colonies of (his Britain." From the preceding, it would appeutie expectations of the colonists were at high premien. STEAM TO AUSTRALIA. TO THE EDITOR 07 THE EXPUESS. SIR,—As it would now appear, by the adverfse meats put forth, that bet. Majesty's eve rnment rollt intend to effect the above object, which has been long and ardently wished for, and feeling deeply terested in the welfare of those distant posseeromr well as anxious that the route to be ad-pted god be the one most practicable and the emit accomplishment, it occurs to me that any infanta on the subject will not be inappropriate at the preset moment; I have therefore to reluest the reward your giving publicity to the following extracts from a letter before me, dated Sylnty,Nov,lBl6 (early in the year 1846) : " A select committee of the Legislative Council of Piro South Wales were authorised to examine the ',rise pre posed routes for effecting steam communication buses England and Sydney, w, ich was before :hem, sae ti report thereon to the whole council. Alter obtaining spa mass of most valuable evidence, the committee reputed , * he 27,h October, 1846, as folios.: "That the least expensive , the most expedi'ine, and tbt most conveni , at and advantageous plan would he, t, i' the China line at Singapore by the inner route, WO Torres Straits, coiling at the projected se:demean ef Silt Australia and at Port Essington, and by the ideal roes thence to Singapore. The eligibility of this line ts hippo* by nearly all the witnesses examined by this consume The advantages derivable to Australia from eonneetion ent our Indian possessions and other ports of the east wAte greater than any direct advantage from postal commune tion with the mother country." It would thus appear, after a most riJid love,* tion by parties competent to form an opinion ma' measure so intimately connected with their own i 1 re-t, that the route should be by Singapore. My correspondent then proceeds with refererio the proposition for effecting the communication way of the Cape of Good Hope. " That it may be sufficient to state that the VT3jral that scheme gay , the distance between England a,* Cape at 6 700 miles in 30 days, or at the rate 422 u:s per day, from the Cape to Adelaide 6 , 100 ,odes in2l4l le 217 miles per day, thence to Sydney, 1080 miles ins hits 216 miles per day ; It must, therefore, be °brim that independent of strong adverse winds and a hem so. utterly impracticable, us well as phrsially isperibk: s keep up a rate of 217 miles per day, for 2i oucteseing there being no coaling station between the Cep Adelaide. , The other route to which he refers is by trill Panama: The &Lance from thence to Auckland (New Zeslud ' 6,780 miles, without any coaling station, except at ea** an quotas d Tithiti, to both of which plac es the . mod ci.nvel lag coals would amount to told prohibition, di stations (which must be garrisoned) could only beat/ wined at an immense expense, besides by that Nuts deo portant advantage of bruthing India and Olio' wore communication with Australia would be entire/ ° sight of. I therefore think it sufficiently clear that :boo; route at present accomplishable is rid S:ngsP oro though it cannot be denied that were ei.her of ,/ others practicable and in operation, they would cot considerable advantages upon the commercial sue" of this country.—l am, Sir, &v., London, Dec. 20. AUSTRALLEN Srs • TESTIMONIAL TO A PHILANTHROPIST IN I _ lArs.—When the cholera was reging at ffeeeP., Plymouth, and the greatest diffizulty was found is ise!: competent persons to peril their own lves in fri , ' 6 g i a siry assistance to the sick and dying, there WO'S' man who volunteered his services , and elicited the tion of all who were witnesses of his ezertiots. ifbal!„, pestilence had disappeared, he resolutely refund sGIs any pecuniary reward. The late mayor, howertr,r; that his conduct should not go unrewarded, or at unacknowledged. The young man, whose nose ii Solomon Anstry, end who is a labourer in the eet7;ii has accordingly received a Bible and B ook of Prayer, elegantly Sound, and having the follostafirni lion oa the fly-leaf: " Presented by the Mayor of 1 t r 7.5 (John Beer) to Edward Solomo n Anstay, se s respect, for his assiduous, kind, an d disintereitsd stt"; to several sufferers from cholera during the awful On; of that mortality in 1840." In addition to this, Aastil t! , received the followirg letter from the Secreta/au Board of Health: "Dec. 11, 1849.—Sir I ent di r 7 s ta the Board of Health to convey to you tria d remel t —0 for your kind asd unremitting attention to army of u t r oo ferers from cholera during the late visitation; WI os you this vote of thanks, as the only tribnw ey kello their power to offer you, and trust that your th duct will meet with its due reward."—Deronshire ACCIDENT ON THE SHREWSBURY AND nino HAY BAILWAT.—On Monday lest 0110 Of the jorive working on Ibis lie at Prior's near ShiOwt. . sitting on one of then c arriages eying con earth, l ot falling on the line of rail the succeeding tsrrisges his neck, and literally severed the head from the etw Eddotaes's Journal. bort ol o s t m .rn 'fb• Put) •