The Express. — London, England, 1849-06-13 00:00:00

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS.—TunDAy, Junz 12. 'ps• km! (Depoty Brooker) took Ike • PRIVATE BUSINESS. SECOND READlNGS.—Rickarde (Harman's) Estate; 1 Clive's Berate; Leeds and Think Railway (power to ~wastes interest oa certain sham, La); Shrewsbury and I Chain Railway (fee brasehn to the River Dee; agreement kr joist stairs at Shrewsbury; power to subscribe towards **Shrewsbury and Hereford Rainy); Staffordshire P. 4. tarts Waterworks (extension end aineeclasent of sot); Bills. THIRD ItEADINO. Ashton-seder-Luse Polk*, Markets, wad Inprovessat Acta Intension and Amend ment, sad Traaidanan of Gas sad Waterworks sad other Preparty he the Cupsraclon ; Bill. PUBLIC BUSINESS. PETITIONS PRESENTED. Aeatinn.drunai. DISTII2OI.—By the Earl of YARBO ROUGH, from Lineolasbire, coinptsinins of eirieolteral divines. PAILLaIIITAILY By the Earl of EQ. LINTON. hoes W Presbyary of Dumbarton ; the Duk pleasO hos several Owe; Sal NELSON, from Strrsaatavanoa is 11.1eamet, *gems tide OIL YVXD Fos Poos Law By the Earl el ST. GERMANS, frees salon of Faningdou make, is year el this proposition. Slays Tease SCPPIITSPIOW..— By the Bishop of OX FORD, from several Ours, wallas their lornahips to take swamto prevent the Entails sad Spain from earryier as the slave trade, tannery to the treaties which they have ea tseed into. Fearsome or Rothe Btu. —By Lord COLCHES TER, trees a plep sot heard ; the Dike of BEAUFORT, ken several Pisa. in tal'ollf at this bill. Mementos Btu.—By Lord STANLEY, from Quebec, ire* by 600 Ferns, spina thh bill. A Pastatosthes Gannuton.—by Lord CAMPBELL, Is.. a pension/ sailed Patter, eomplaining that be Is One tided to le. a day, whereas he only pus 7i 1. per day. Maesthoss (Scone-en). —Bf the Duke of MON. YROSE, from several places is Soothed, molest say alters ties el the law of zmarriagei s that eseatry. AOftICOLTITIU.I. —By the Duke of BEAU MONT, free the claw of Oloseseter, complaining of agri eskers] distress sad preying for relief. Cosmos* lectoso sa Situ —My the Bad of CARLISLE, boa several plane, spais.t this hill. AFFAIRS OF ROME IT .—THR FRENCH IX PhDION. Lewd BRAUSIONT rose to put a question to the gown- tea ,t sad when their lord.hips omielered the subject they mould not be surprised that he did se without formal notice. Vl* lordships must be aware of the extraordinary proem& kegs which had 'nuked the prcgress of the French expo diem elms they landed at Civil Venchia, nor could they be saisishemed as to the unfortunate results which had been the auwegusares of it. It would ilpear, from the b e en of this Pessident of Fiance. thit tbs country bad approved of llso preasedings of the government of France as to its fo. reign nistbres. In eons/Twat* of such an assertion, it was the ditty of their loriships to inquire how far the govern meat were is any way icoplioated, either by appv.vol or seggeriss, is the extraordinary conduct or the French. • sesfaresee of the four catholic powers was held at Gaeta, and a mutual undemanding seemed to have been come te, yet Frames deceived the other pawns, and sated separately from them. (Hear, bear.) The ro wers, that there should be a joint action of th e C h catholic powers to rent: re the Pops. The moment the Neenslitsas had advanced as fir es St. Veretri the French signed as areeistic9 with the Basses, sad the Neapolitans IMO repulsed, and driven tarty miles is twelve hourii. It witafterwards proposed to put dune all the leaders, and leave Rome to the mercy o' the French government. The Romans naturally resisted. The rionsequences of this friendly intervention of traces had been, first, to allow be Austrians to bombard Bologna during eight Eels; to advance that bombardment to Ancona, which he belined was now going on ; and to destroy with the friendly and fraternal band ef the republic of France the very capital itself. (Hear, hear.) Barely such bro therly love lead a been shown dace the days of Cain and Abel. (" Hear, hear, ;and a laugh.) But it was not only Autria aid Naples which had bees deceived by the French, but the Pepe had been as math deceived by them as the Rosana themselves. The Pope understood that the sole sad only result of the conference at Gaeta was that the fur powers should jointly restore him, and leave him thee to act as he liked. And on this poiat be should like some information funs the government, insofar as their advice might have been asked_ by Frame ea the subject. The question which he wished to pet was, whether Maim the landing of the French expedition at Civita Voeshia there had been any sommunication made to her Majesty's goverment on the put of Fusee, of her subsequent objects and intentions with regard to that expedition? 2ndly. Whether there had bun any advice asked from, or given by, this country to France, with regard to the ultimate ol Wet of that expedition ? And lastly, whether her Majesty's government were able to state the ulterior object which France had in view with regard to the future setuanient of the Want States ? hear.) The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said that although no xebec had been given to him he did not object to the ques tion, because he had but hale other answer to nuke to it than that which lee had made on a former occasion. He was not gelled on to justify or explain the motives which had ialsenced the Fusel government in th, conduct of their expedition to Italy. This country bore no pert in that expe- Bea. A cosmanaleation had been received by her Majesty's government from the French government, that they were sheet to seed aa expeditimt to Dirks Vecchia, for the pur pose of restoring, so far as the presence of such an is:peddles caul I be expected to do it, traoquidity to the Roman States. To that expedition the government of this country did not Oki any opposition; but beyond that they had not aerie thannelms a pasty to it, and not having advised it, they had set thought it their duty to offer any advice se to the en duet of it. The sal et ABERDEEN said the last Use the sobs nisequis had referred to this anti. et, he stated the oommani cads& from the French government was in writing. Now it would be most desirable that he should produce it. It was as long ego as November or December last ; and was it pos sible, with the cordial undentsadieg which they were told misted between the two &oversees:Ai, that no assimunins- Ulm should have tikes phis on the invasion of Italy—a sub js.° which could not be indifferent to this country or to WP The Marquis of LAIfBDOWICE would have beeneht it down with him had he been aware of this dim:Whig& Hebei stated the imbstance of the comannicstioa a meanly an pat Übe, sad he was not aware that any sietnamiedlem hod been received from the French government shies. Lord BROUGHAM said, this was a &abject of great ha penance. The noble marquis had said, he had heard, that the French were to sent an imp iition to Civita Vecchia. Did it never strike him and the noble Ind at the head of the fersip department, that an expedition of 25,000 saes to Civic Vecchia was not meant to stop there, but to go oa to Zone ? (Hear, bear.) The Earl of ELLENBOROUGH slid it would be desi rable to see also the reply of her Majesty's government to the communication from the French government on this The llaqui. of LANSDOWNE hid no objection to state the terms of the theenansication, bat he could not undertake to produce say subsequent correspondence without eau mining the men bet; he would therefore defer it to *amber day to state the end amount of information which he could give. (Haw, beer.) ENCUMBERED ESTATES (IRELAND) BILL. Lord CAMPBELL moved the *sleet committee en this • whisk wee agreed to. NAVIGATION BILL. The Marquis Of LANSePOWNE moved the third reading of this bill. The Earl of ELLENBOROUGH opposed it, es fraught with danger. Ho did net think that all their lordships who hod constituted the majority were of opinion that this mea sure was safe and salutary. Many who had formed that majority had voted from mixed motives. They had looked at the danger of a dissolution of parliament. He had, how ever, a sun any eovernment the existence of which was of so mush eoesequence or the snsintenanoe of the maritime sapremeey of the coun•ry—(hear)—and he regretted the mo tive which had influenced many Lege lords in the 'tappet which they had given to the bill. He thought it bat tele, now, that the ship- , ouilder should De relieved from all duty ea timber and on every article used is ship•bailding. He also considtrod that the masters and aides et vowels should be subject to thendnatises, and were a venal was lost the mentor and mate should be tried by court-martial, as in the royal navy, and the Junius°e should he vitiated if it wee proved that the lose had occurred from rehmoodeet, Earl GRANVILLE understood that It was he inten tion of the government to bring in a bill in the pre med smith for the better die-Aldine of the wiz motile marine, which he hoped would be productive of emential benefit. It was vases earneady to be hoped that the advice tendered to dipowners by the noble earl would ha followed, for the inspertame of good management sod pod banding °mild no: be over-est mated. He believed that the gremlins of temperance on board ships would be highly derivable, and that the best effects might be produced on mariners if they were affordel opportunities for reading and mental improvement. (Hear.) The Earl of WINCHILSEA sail that he could not pos sibly give a shut vote on the present cccasion. Ot all the changes made within the last few years, he considered that the measure then lecture the house w e ehareeterissd by a IttIV•T degree of recklesentee than any which had ever been Draught before parliament. (Hear hear.) It wen a usesure which would bring Ittiee rain on the pre it interims of the country. He most deeply deplored the fact—and he was sure that the expression of this regret would be shared in by the great body of his cuntrymen—that the 'mud reading of a measure of this speculative chancier, which abandoned well-tested principles, had been carried by the right reverend bench, end that if the occupants of that bench had not supported it the nob.' lords on his aide of the house would sot Dave been left is a mirozity. (Hear, hear.) The day was 00111ing, and it was not far distant, when kis anticipalion, would he realised. He protested against the paericg of :he billan he regretted that a hunt of courage upon the past of um* of their Vraships prevent-A it from being thrown est. Semi of theca there wino who feared to turn out the missend mi nistry—who testa that the present government should re tiro Wm office, as if Bogies , d had soak so low that we were obisged U yea ma Leedom beams we had not the naval curare to vote ae we whlrellogell then to &prod to the feel loge of the country. (01meseffilaatkiptoteetiemiets Karl TALBOT said be WilrallUff agreed in the propriety of the measures which tee resume/it . were that tight w rested to iatreieee, het be gently feared that these mee. wee would peeve W be mere palliatives and that they would I boot little tees when Gage we atemisaid our nuiptioa by virtue of veld* we bad obtained our naval sup . remaey. He objected to Ms hill bemuse is the lest phew It was a surrender of the means we posseeed of national security end national defence. He also objected to it beanie the govern. mutt had not proposed any measure by which they would guarantee the feture meaning of her Majuty's Beet; and, lastly, be objected to it because it was ate ut to be carried against the helbekol the mervestil• sad maritime popeatioa of the emasta. Ma treshisd he the safety of Our colonies if mak • mum boss= law sad epos the was of the be the awfel respedbility of pawing it through C va i g emi lli rsee. (Hear.) Lord STANLEY said that if he thought there was the *lightest thanes of their lordship* reconsidering the fatal decision upon this question at which they had heretofore attired, Of that say fresh and addisi•mat arguments could be adduced to alter their determination, no amount of labour to be imposed on himself and no amount of loran• werdeoce to be imposed ca tne house, would have been su ffi. feat to • doter him from again endeavouring to impetes qua them the cimmensmaese under which this bill = ed to him to be eminently dangerous to the Bet, he must confess that while lis music ales remained unaltered, while hit opposiion re mained boldly undiminished, and be must frankly adult that be bad no new or additional arguments to bring froward beyond those urged, without effect, by himself end o.here an the previous st,ges of this bill. Laving upon her Majeaty'e government the full and entire weep nubility of the coosequences to this country, which be feared would, at no distant peri,d, result from the measure they were about to pus—leaving urn that govern aunt the entire end exclusive responsibility of that measure, be would satisfy himself on the present emasim by saying "not content" to the thirst nubile, and by piecing upon their lordships journals a record of the grounds up en which be believed this bill to be dangerous to the best interests of the country. (Cheers from the protectionists.) Lord BROUGHAM retained the opinion he had from the fleet espressed against the measure, and which he had pub lished so far back as 1810. (Hear.) Lord WALDEGRAVB briefly opposed the third readieg of the bill. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE knew of no eff et men extraordiaary thaa the progress this bill had hal in redwing views of *homage unexpected nature from noble lards of the meat highly and eminently Conservative opinion'. In the mans et the last half hour, such was the eff et pro. deed by the enessedul progress of this measure, that they had heard free s most distinguished, and claiming to be most d ga in that house for attachment to the institutions of the country, sudden surmises as to how far it sight be fit that • particular class of members of that Dense, who had as good a right to their opinions as any of the noble peers had by whom be was surrounds I— (Hear, hees)—and whose existence there was as intimately connected with its history and privilege* as was that of any noble peer—sadden surmises as to how far fore soth, it might be oonvesient for the future to admit tgat particular class to the deliberations of the legislature. And this. toe, from enuservative peps! (Hear, hear, and cheers.) Without going into any srgament co referring to statements which had bil l, e and answered ia the course Muse debates on this he would, b-fore sitting down, end without attaching womb importance to a single fact, ad vert to it only as one that had come to his knowledge sinee dm bill had detained that majority in the house which made k probable that It would v ass. Now, it did so happen that erMin the last day or two he had received from Liverpol as account of the only considerable sale of • ship since the period to which he silueltd—that was within the last ten days. He had the statement en the authority of the broker, who sold the vercd, which was one of 600 toes—end it appeared that denuded of his exclusive priviiimes and that monopoly which the noble lord considered so essential to British shipping she sold for a higher priee than any ship of the same size and build for the lest ten rare. (Hear.) 'This was perhaps the best pried & answer to the statement that, in the opinion of those engaged in it, the shipping trade must if this bill passed become an unprofitable speculation. (Hear, hear.) He believed that as soon as the temporary panic which had been induced by the statements made as to the probable results of the mea sure had subsided, many other similar instances would occur, and of this he for cote had no doubt that the shipping of this country, befit is • superior manner, and manned by superior seamen, would ever command • preference over all others throughout the seas of Europe and the world. (Cheers.) The. question "that the bill be now read • third time" was then put from the wool-seek—the response of " norooontent" was generally and emphatically given by the peers on the opposition benches, but no division was taken—sad the bill was read a third titre, the majority of the opposition mem bers leaving the house in a body immediately after. On the nuestion that the bill do pass, The Bishop of OXFORD roes to move an amonditteat in reference to the slave trade, of which he had given notice If he eoald have looked moon the bill merely es • • commercial matter, or even as connected with theft higher interests of our maritime defence', he should not have troubled their lordship ; but as important as the measure was to those respects, it was much more so in so far as it touched upon grave moral considerations, and it was in this respect that it came, as be thought, legitimately within the sphere of those who occupied the 7pointiqn in that house which it was his privilege to fill. And Ate any one it was natural to address a few words on this subject so their lordships, it was espe cially so to him, the subject being bound to his heart by the closest ties of hereditary transmission. fliesr.) He thought be could establish it to their lordships' satisfaction, that if they pulsed this bill wi bout such a clause as he proposed, they would directly give a fresh stimulus to the African slave trade, indirectly destroy the moral strength of the na tion in testifying against the practice of that trade by others, and ran the further risk of mixing up the maritime concerns of this country directly with that accursed trade which it was their objset to abolish. He would take the ease of the Brazils, end he beleved it would be found the same also in retard to Cuba, and would show how, in the case of the Brazils, the great consumer of imputed slave*, elm effect of this bill as it now stead would be so increase that trade. It was admitted on both sides that the tendency of the bill was to quicken trade, to increase exports and im ports, to make Brasil our best customer—in short, a better customer than she would be if the Irene between the two countries wes to remain crippled and fettered by our nee:ga d= laws. Now, what was the position of the Brazils? It re seised the finest climate and the west productive soil perhapi in the world, with a territory extending 2,600 miles from north to south, 2,300 miles from east to west, and with 4 000 miles of seaboard, indented with numerous most edenirab'e and convenient harbours—with the most complete natural internal communication—a country, in short, formed for commerce; but • country, at the same time, wholly unfitted to become • manufacturing country, and which must conse quently always depend largely upon its nesters of raw pro duce. Then look at the physical depicter of Brasile— it was divided into tones, distinguished one from another only by the greater rodleality of the products of the one in one respect, and tho s e of the other in others. In the south there was cattle and pasturage in abundance, sufficient for the employment o 7 the most ext-alive pastoral population. In the north there were mineral treasures of the most varied and valuable character—rich in the yield of the hisser metals, and abounding in mines of gold and even of diamonds—in short, with every thing that could stimulate the eupidi'y of man to work out those natural resources*. A little further north the sugar cane flourished in the utmost profirion—and when you approached the mountains You had the colfee.oree growing in equal luxuriance. A little further on in the swamps you bad extensive districts of rim; and again. a little farther and you come tO anoth , r 2/20, is which spices of every kind were produced in abundance. What, then, was wanted to make Brasil the greatest country on the face of the earth? It wanted people, and here was its weakness, that it depended for its supply of labour wholly aid entirely (for the labour obtained from other sources was so trifling as not to deserve to be taken into the ealcuktion) on the African race brought as slaves from the other side of the Atlantis. And it proved this plan of slave labour on the most vicious principle—that of working out the slaves in the fewest number of Tears and reproducing them by fresh imports. If this bill was to increase the imports of our manufactures into Brazil, it must increase the exports of her raw product', for la so other way could her merchants pay for what was introduced. This quickening of trade must, therefore, resell in a direct quickening in the produce of the raw material which forted the staple of her exports, and consequently in an increase in the labour necestary to raise that material, which increase could only be supplied by additional imports of slaves. (Hear.) Again, look at the political state of Brasil. Nominally, it was a sovereignty—the one sovereignty amid the many re publics which existed in that new part of the world ; but it was • sovereignty in name only, with the mere shadow of • mews warmly resting on the head of the emperor. Pod ded power was administered in that country in this way— first,by provincial assemblies, the members of which were chosen by the landowners ; then by • general assembly se lected in the same way to represent the nation at the seat of government. Then over this there wss • senate elected In the first instance in like manner, but the emperor choos ing one member out of three. Then there was a council of state, consisting of those who hid been mioisten, almost uni versally, and who come between the state and the emperor. Now this country had bees legislating of late years to pat down the slave trade, and we had entered into treaties with Brazil, in which that country voluntarily bound herself to legislate for the same °Meet, and he contended that at any moment we had • mews ward against Brazil, inasmuch as she had refused to pegs a law for enforcing the conditions of that treaty; and we should be justified in declaring tho port of Rio is a state of blockade, and thus cutting off tiro whole resources of the country. Why was not this done ? Seesaw, as we were told, the government of the Brazils were not able to pass a law to carry out the treaty, and that consequently it would be unfair aid unwise to declare war against it Than what ought the government of this country to do ? They ought to use every moral mesas in their power to en force on the miads of the Brazilian legislature the necessity of eloing that which they were bound to do, but which hitherto they had refused. But it was not the people of Brazil, but the few Portuguese slave traders at Rio, who were supreme in the Brszilian legisla ture, and thy were so because of the necessity of impertiw. slaves to cultivate the land. The effect of the employment of oar cruisers had raised the price of sl me. from 201, to 601. each, and the result of this high price was, that the poor pro trekkers were not able to pay ready money for then'', and were compelled tom rtgare their lend as security for pay ment, and from the payment being that thrown over several years, the pries often ranged as high as 751. each s are. It wee in this way that the Portuguese slave trade became supreme over the Brazilian landowner, and dictetcd who should be cleated to the house of representstives. And whim the emeyably mist, owing to the state of the murky, ant, there being no settled and defined proem in the stalk it became • mere scramble for power, that pewee hefag tar totaled by Whits a 'Worley—eh, money foe Sloe braes being *Mud by the Portuguese slave hoiden at 1111-1144111$ the Row of Aresably became nothing mora this tie repro teetatime of the slave-trading itell'alist. In am* mesh@ II things, what hope mold Engles have of doing surthling carry out her principal's except by sheering that she wee goo pared to make sacrifices to enforce them, and to pat deem what she believed to be an shontinable traffic t The pada in the Broads who were interested is the maintenance of that talk did not believe that we were in earner, awl gusted to the gold of England to turn aside English item. (Hear, hear.) Then there was no slight danger that in proceeding in the mune we had unhappily entered tapes we should en long come to a direct participation in the slaw trade. He found already (and he said it with shame) that the wealth of England was largely embarked in carrying on that traffic which the morals, the religion, and the legisla tion of England had alike denounced. But when he showed them that the effect of passing the bill as it was would be sett this unseen and untangible pr .motion of the slave trade ow our pert, bat direct participation in it, he believed he should have proved all that WAS necessary to induce them to agree to his amendment. The present course of the African trade was this. The direct trade arose from our supplying articles required on the African coast, and bringing back in exchange the neural and legitimate products of that country. Undoubtedly that ended in the slay- trade, and so far it war impossible for Liverpool shipowners to exclude their vessels from participati in in the nefarious traffic. They snit out the manufactured goods of Manchester, which were ex changed not directly for slaves, but were purchased by the slave traders for money to be used afterwards in their own traffic. Rio was the great depot for snorted eareoes, from whence they were purchased out of store. The British mar chant, of coarse, did not know the purpose for which it wee purchased, and es for was not directly implicated in the slave trade, bat by this bill allowing foreign vessels to enter our harbours with cergoes from Brasil without restriction, such vessels being open to proceed at ones to the wows. we became immediately mponsible for direct ti in in the trade. These foreign vessels, directly they landed their Brazilian cargo at an English port, would reseed at once to the coast of Africa fully equipped far the embarkatinn of slaves. T.ke only ose step further—with. e draw your ereisers from the coast of Africa, and the slave Wed+ would be restored in all its proles vigour. If then It was a part et national wisdom, ea of individual wisdom to keep as Mr as possible from th e accursed thing, he sailed apse their lordship not to be drawn by any pamible cm menial advantage hate sanctioning the possibility of a retain In a crime, the greatest, the mat complicated, Os most enduring, and the most pollution to which a =don could ever be committed. In making rbie appeal he thought he stood upon strong If those empty benches oppo.ite (the opposition i= s i were fall, he could appeal to noble lord" who had opposed this bill on other grounds, became if there was one trade which, more than another, was carried on exclusively in Brilish bottom', it was that of Brazil, and therefore it was there that the dangers they anticipated would first be brought into operatics. But he appealed to s title lords on that (the ministerial) side on higher grounds. He appealed to many of them by the names th y bore, great in English story as regarded this particular subject. If he might ven ture to say so, it appeared to him that, if the departed great ones of that assembly ez.uld be permitted to look down and see whet was going on at that moment, to see those who had succeeded to their honours, and ought to have succeeded to their principles. preps- ed, on the mere whisper of commercial advantage, to imperil those greed peineiples for which in their day ey had staked great political power and undoubted national wealth, that a stain of sadae a would come over their coun tenances of brightness at seeing the cause in which the y bed delighted treated as slight and insignificant, when the ques tion was to cheapen the price of sugar in England, or to in crease the export of 'British goods to Brasil. The ri4ht r. v. prelate concluded by moving that the following clause be added to the bill : And whereas it la expedient that the privative proposed to be given to foreign ships by this act should not be extended to the ships of actively swaged in the African slave trade, nor to foreign ships mimic' the exports of such Defiant; be it enacted, that the said privileges shall not extend to the ships of Spain, or to foreign ships importing ths produce of the West Indian colonies of Spain, or to the ships of or to kedge ships exporting the produce of Brasil, until such lila* es her Majesty shall have declared, by online in aroma, that the governments of Spain and Bradt have respectively given to her Majesty full satisfaction as to toe (ointment of the tr, sties into which they have or shall have entered with her Majesty for the suppression of the Africastye trade ; but that until such time the slosessid acts, declared by this amt to be repealed, shall re mun and be of full force and effect as regards such countries, say such repeal as a'nreesld notw,thstanding. Lard BOWDEN hoped, having had some short personal experience io Brazilian matters, that their lordships would allow him briefly to show the inconvenience that would re sult fr em the adeption of the right rev. prelate's amendment. In doing so he beget. d to distinguish between he right rev. prelate's speech and the proposition, as be must confess that be sew little eenne zion between them. (Hear, bear.) The right rev. prelate bad himselt acknowledged the importance of our trade with Brasil, and their lordships were rola?' aware that at the present moment that trade was secured by no treaty whatever. This stare of things no doubt gave their lerd-bips the yower of dealing with Brez I, but it must not be forgotten that it armed Burl with a pewee of retaliation. (Hear, hear.) Further, he believed that there was setu.lly in ezestenee in Brazil, although net in op. ricion, a d .eree by which the vessels of all nations, which did not receive those of Brasil one footing of equality weer to be charged additional duties, to the amount of one-third. They might expect that that treaty would at once be put in force if in repealing our navi gation bees a condition was attached such es that pro- posed by the right rev. prelate. Hostile measure s would in tallibly provoke retaliseim ' and things would go on from bad to worse , until at lest there would be a com plete cessation of intercourse between the two countries. (lieu, hear.) The eight rev. prelate might rejoice at such a result, but noble lords opposite wou:d recollect, that it would be the shortest method of reducing the amount of that British shipping 'boat wnieh which they had expressed themselves so anxious. Noble lords who intended to vote for toil daunt, were not perhaps aware, of the immense rake involved in our experts to that country. They now amounted to about three millions annually and had been more, but one tact must not be forgotten and that was that the return exports of Brasil were of a much inferior amount. The exports direct trona Broz Ito ' this country did not exceed 600P001. in value annually, while the exports on English scuouut to other parts of the world exceeded a million, the value of which was trans mitted to England in bills of exchange. Another I oint was the imm-nee advantage we should give to foreign ware housemen, a this, which should not be forgotten by those who stood up ;or protection to British industry. The object of this amendment was to exclude Brastlien vessels from the bituetit of Oilier, an exclusion which would hurt ex body but ourselves. Toe Brazil-an vessels were easel eyed almost exclusively in toe coasting trade, or more union unately, in trading to the coast of Africa, sad he did not believe that any increase in their numbers would roma from our propoied relaxations. Was the right rev prelate pre pared to carry set hi+ prineple to its lull extent ? Was he pervert to brioar in a bill to exclude Brasil from all bene fits arising from the rep- al of run navigation laws ? (Rear, hear.) If he did n, he (Lord Bowden) believed test in spite of our national horror of the slave trade, the tables of both houses would grout with petitions against so manifest an injurice. tHear.) The clause would proluce no such effect as that anticipated by the riaht rev. prelate. It might produce a di-placement of the Brazilian rode from Midland to other parts of the globs—(hear, hear)—but it would never accomplish the ob ject sought to be attained by its supporten. It was eini..hit to suppose that the right rev. prelate could be one moment imagine by thiee clause he would be able to achieve his ob ject or advance in the slightest degree the care to which he dad talks so much interest. The atnenelmeht was like an attempt at ex Mon, which would inevitably produce the very contrary effect to that which was expected. It would bs productive only of hatred and every soe et a of ill-feeling, and must therefore be inoperative. Their lordship' might depend upon it that if they adopted the amendment they would not injure the Br..rals or any other port of 8 ugh Am-ries it much u they won d injure England herself. The right rev. prelate was prepared to sacrifice every thing to their lordships' better f. clings, and so far as that could be eff.tY id it might be well enough. But this was purely it commercial question. lie therefore appealed to the good sense of their lordships, and lamely recommended them not to agree to the amen dment, which would be not only abortive, but meet mischievous in its effects. The Earl of WARWICK said it the right rev. prelate had resisted the bill originally as he did that night, he would have given the utmost moistens* to those who wished to stop the proven of the measure. The right rev. prolate had hies if vo'ed for the bill, and after osrle, at the eleventh hoar, he brought forward his amendment. Nothing could be more convincing or able than the right rev. prelate's speech in support of the clean he suggested, but it was totally misapplied. The amendment would nul lify el that might be accomplished by the navisetion Wu, while it would do no good whatever to &oilseed. He would therefore et slat the amendment. Lord DENMAN wished to beer hie testimony to the noble stand take n in defence of the principle which his right SOT, friend euorrted. He should feel himself to blame it he attempted to follow his right rev, friend in the course of the arguments which he had advanced with so much eloquence -, but be tright be permitted to observe that thew remained altogether wered The right rev. prelate's argument was most o'l , o'lllly avoided by the noble lord who replied to ant therefore he (Lord Denman) was not sorry that the right rev. mover of the amendment had made the able and eloquent speech addrersed to their lordeltips, and that it bad been so eyseered. The noble lord who bad given so many details of the Brasil. did not muffs' to answer the great moral view; th t bad been put forward by the right rev. prelate. He (Lord Doman) was as idled all that was ne cessary was to ns.ke the (acts known, mak. the demurer'. ion powerful, and the slays trade would be fur ever &bathed from the feel of the earth. The Ilierepoi of LANSDOWNE soil the house could not take a more unoise atop than the adoption of the debt rev. prelate's amendment. The only effete: it would have was to weaken not the commercial but the moral Influx nce of this country. The Bishop of OXFORD, in reply, said that nothit g whatev.v had been said daring the detests to tike the edge off the argument he had ventured to aide , as to the house in anoport of the -lame, Their lordship' then divided— F..r the ansoadment 9 Assiut it Majority against • —l4 The bill was then read a Oka time sad rood; and Wit lortiships HOUSE OF COMMONS.—TtiattheT, JUNE 12. The SPRAIIRR took the chair at 4 airlock. PRIVATE BUSINESS. SECOND READING.—DubIin Improvement (No. 2) LOP. THIRD READlNG.—Conglston Ina sure Act Amend ment Bill LORDS' AMENDMENTS CONSIDERED.—Cheater and Holyhead Railway (Inman of Capital, with Powers u the London and North-Western Railway to subscribe thereto) Bill. PUBLIC BUSINESS PETITIONS PRESENTED. ARBITRATION TRILATIES INSTIAD or WAR.—By Mr. G. THOMPSON, from persons in the employ of Barrett and Co , Hltehoosk and Co , Waterlow and Co., Ward, Stun. and Co. Sines and Son, Warner and Sons, Taylor and Black, of places in London, and from baptist ealtregation, New Church, St. Marylebons ; independent congiegaties, Church street, Betknaligreen ; general assembly of ast Intel baptist churches of England and Wales; ia pendent congregation at Stepney and inhabitants of Damon • Lord H. VANE. from several religious cougregroime. ; Mr. BROTH HILTON, from the City of Laden; Mr. H. BERKE LEY, from the Young Man's Society ; Mr. E DENISON, from Leicestershire ; Mr. OSBORNE, from Middles": ; Mr. MACKINNON, from several religious conaregaione, and from 159 householders in Chases; Mr. KERSHAW, from stveral religious congregstions ; Lord NUGENT, from Aylesbury; Mr. CLAY, ttom Hull (900 signatures); Mr. RICARDO, from several radii ins congregations • Sir W. CLAY, from the Tower Hamlets; Mr. BRIGHT. item Great Yarmouth (4).ollerton and Peplow, Stockton-on-Tees, Mani cheater (2), Newport, Slop, West Layington, Walt% Market Drayton, London(7); Mr. BINDLEY, meet al from Ashton; Mr. CAYLEY, from a place in the North Riding of Yorkseire; Mr. COBDEN—From the minister, eldere, members, ad adherents of the united presbyta rim church, Cieergesgume, Greenock; inhabitants of Tredegar, county of MonmoutE; members of the congregation of Wesleyan methodist., at York-street chapel, Stocks, Manchester; members of the congregation of Wesleyan metheidiste, at the chapel, Old ham-road, Manchester; members of the congregation of Wesleyan methodists, at Chntwoon, Lancashire; member" of the congregation of Wesleyan methodists, at Blakely; members of the congregation of Wesleyan methodists, at tae chapel, Crumpet% Lancashire; reeminn of the congrega tion of Wesleyan methodists, at Masan; the Calvinistic methodists, at Pont Vane, Mirth's'. Cynos ; the Calvinistic matlialfels (lower chapel), Llanwihangelllchar, In the county or SHAN g the Sabbetn. school echo ars of Adulam chapel, Tredegar iron-worke r Menmouteshire • inhabitants of Pea kith sat Sankey, in the county of I . ..master ; members of the congregation of Wesleyan methodist', at Lower-street chapel, Manchester; the Sabbath-ichoel scholars of Eh'- , mar chapel, Sirhoury iron. works, South Wales; the Wea -1 Vrn enaety and congregation at Morpeth, in the enstety of Northumberland ; the congregation of Dentate, Lord-street, Wigan ; the inhabitants of Seelmanthorpe, in tt e West Riling of the county of York; the session of the first uaiten presbyteries congregation, in Kemsirruir ; the in , habitants of High Hirylesd, in the West Riding of the amenty of York ; the inhabitants of Upton on-Severn, WOr- OlSSOlibireg the presbyterian congregation, at Cowl-street anal, Shepdon-Mallet, Somenetshire ; the inhabitants of Ridlington, In the county of Rutland; the congregations of Pen y grove and Siloh chapels; members of the Calvinistic I congregation, at Gatehouse chapel, In the county of Ceram , yon ; the inhabitants of ficiseett, in the Wert Rid. sof York ; the inhabitants of Jackson-bridge, ear Huddersfield; inhabitants of the parish of Tense, is the county of Aberdeen, and parts a 'joining ; aesthete of the -eonneveation of Wesleyan meth Wire, at Lyon, Norfolk; inhabitants of Bangor, Csernarvonsbire ; the oongree admit of pre menet dissenters at the Preabyt ran Chapel, BUTT, Lancashire; inhabitants of Wotton-under Edge ; inhabitants of Tedmenden end its vicinity ; inhabit ants of Weterly Bottom ; the congregation of St. lifargaret's and others, residing in the parsb of Dunfermline; the Bap tist Church, Tredegar, in the county of M inmouth ; the congregation assembling in the Talwrnacle, Wotton-unde r- E.lge ; the protestant dissenter meeting in Bethlens Chapel, Newchurch Reesendsle, Lancashire ; members of the con gregation of Wesleyan methodists at Pepper street, N. w Butoid, in the county of Nottingham ; inhabitants of Cold stream and its vicinity ; the (entrees:lona dissenters assem bling at Higlffield Chapel, Huddersfield; inhabitants of Car- Iron, in the vanish of Bangor, North Wales; inhabitants of Caor`ey, in the county ot Lancaster, inhabitants of Crieff ; Inhabitants of the neighbourhood of Penton, in the parish of Beeline, Cernmyone ire ; the religious society of friends in Sheffield, West Riding of York; members ot the congrega. tlon of Weeeyen methodists at Keat-street, Nottingham ; inhabitants of Cern Brith, parish of Canigdruidion, Den bighshire ; the union of the nerth united pr et yterisn n gregetion of Perth; the independent congregation of Telt"- coultry ; inhabitants of Pepsine& Snmersetshire; inhabitants of G eeeee on, in the parish of Llanfleaneel Eeigufiog, in the county of Angles's; the Perth pre.bytery of the United Pre s byterienChurch ; the tor gregerion of Peterwell, In the parish of Ireleich, in the county ot Camay en; the Freethinking Christians assemblies at their meetice-house, S. John's. MUST*, Clerkenwell, London; inhabitant's of Wembdon, 8 mersetshire ,• members of the oonere g.tion of lath pe d. ; nt I dissenters at Morpeth, Northumberland; inhabitant* of Bel au, in the county of Rutland ; inhabitants of Rebates bridge ; methodists of the Now Connexion, nunitur, in High-street chapel, Huddersfield ; inhabitants o' Blockley ; =embryo of the united presbyterian church of Batten and othi re; the minister and memb. re of the Remonstrant congregation of Batley= oney, in the county of Antrim, Ireland ; inhabi tants of Clayton W. it, in the West Riding ot Yoe( ; the minister and members of the Christian Society asertaling in George's msetiar, Exeter ; members of the Wesb) an methodist association, at Winsford, in the county of Ches. to ; inhabitants of Wate-upon-Drarne ; inhabitents of For dinbrilite and its vicinity; persons who attend the Indepen dent chapel, Harpendou, Herta; the Welsh Calvinistic methodists, at Park Chapel, in the parish of Llsycil, in the county of blerioneth; inhabitants of Selby, in toe county of York; members of the congregation of Wesleyan metho dists, at Sandbach, in the county e f Ch ster ; the Wesleyan Sunday-school teachers of Belper and Ripley ; the baptist congrega ion et Townhead-street chapel, Shef field ; the Welsh Calvanistic methodist congreisation, at L'andderfel, in the county of /derioneth ; is habitants e f Hampton in-Ards n, and Balla, in the pariah of Hampton in•Arden, in the c .unty of Warwick; the Calvinittic metho dirt connesios, at Brecin ; the coneregation of protestant dissenters, at the Tabernacle, Aldersgete-stet et, City; Who- Intents of Belton, in the county of Rutland ; Welsh Calvi nistic methodist war gati n, at Llwin Bolen, in the ,pariah of Llinfor, Merionethshire ; inhabitants of Loddiog ton. in the county of Leicester; inhabitants of C lyton, in the county of Devon ; members of the congregation of Great Cr. so, Hall-street Tabernacle Chapel, L verpool ; the Welsh Calvinistic methodist congregation, at Bethel Chapel, in Bats, Merionethshire ; Inhabitants of Llantihangel Glyn, Myfe r, Merionethshire ; inhabitants of Highbrideir and its neighbourhood meeting at the B iptist Chapel in that place, county of S menet ; inhabitants tee tow. ship of fleadon, in the county of York ; inhabitants of Ruceorn, Cheehire ; members of the congre gation of Wesleyan methodists, Creelanee, Hebdon bridge, parish of Halifax ; the Unitarian church, Bays hill, Chelten h ern ; the pastor, lamb n of the church and congregation, end Sunday-school teachers, of the Congregationalist Chapel, Hope street, Standithgate, Wigan ; members of the general Baptist congregation at Chatham, I{.- at; the pastor, mem bers of the church and congregation, and Sunday-school teachers, of the Congregationalist Chapel, Stadiebgate, Wigan; members of the congregation of St. Paul's lnde readmit Chapel, Hindly, in the p .rah of Wirer ; inhabit ants of Aopledone, Devos ,e congregation of Zion Ct apel, Princes End, Tipton, Staffordshire ; congregation of Cori gregational or Independent d:ss• nten in Hartlepool, county of Durham ,e inhabitant' of Bridgewater meeting at the In deptedent Chapel in that borough ,• members of tt'e tirciety of Friend'. of Bridiewster ; inhabitants of Bridgewater, meeting in the Weleyout Methodist Chapel in that borough ; inhabitant , et Bridgewater, meeting at the Baptist Chapel in that borough ; congregation of Baptists of the city o. Exeter, in favour of settling national disputes by arbitration( DISTRESS IN Insman.—By Lord BERNARD, from Galway and other places, emplainiag of the digressed state of the country. lariat Dole.—By Mr. CLAY, from Hull, for abolition of the light dues. SUNDAYSunday trading. TRADING.—By Sir W. CLAY, from Shoreditch , against BURDENS ON AGRICULTURE.—Br Sir W. CODRING TON, from Gloucester, agreed to at a public meeting, com plaining of the burdens on agriculture. SOLICITORS' CERTIFICLTE DUTY.—By Alderman SID. NEY, from solicitors of Stafford, praying for the removal of duty on certificates. AFFIRMATION BILL.—Bar Mr. BRIGHT, from Loenhead, Scotland, in (image of this bill. EITENSION or THE SUFFRAGE —By Mr. BRIGHT (2), from Market Drayton, Sahli. in Renew of this proposition. Ilextunoneas.—By Mr. BRIGHT from Wath-nn-Deanda —Huddersfield Catholics, for the abylitionof licenies, to beer houses. DUBLIN IMPROVEMENT BILL. - Sir W. SOMERVILLE having moved the eezond reading of this bill, Mr. REYNOLDS approved of the bill so far as it went Ho thought it a pod b 11, but he regretted that it did not go far enough ; and in patina tr, that it did not confer upon the corporation of Dublin the right of electing their own sheriff., or of regulaliog their own police. Sill, on the part of his constituents, he was prepared to give it his support. The bill was then read a second time. THE PEOPLE'S CHARTER. Mr. F. O'CONNOR, on the 3rd July, to brief; forward the motion respecting the Charter of which he gave notice at as early period of the session. THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. Mr. PACK% on the 21st June, to bring Crward tte motion of whirls ho gave notice, fir an address to her Ma. Oily on the subject of the ill accommodation afforded bz the present House of Commons, mad with a view of cupediting the new house. THE STATE OF THE NATION. Mr. DISRAELI, on Tuesday, 2a3th Juke, to mova that the house resolve itself into a catninittee of the whole house, to take into consideration the state of the nation. (cheers.' THE ELECTIVE FRANCHISE. Sir De L. EVANS, on en early day, to move that the eleetive franchise be ext e nded to all direct t a l . ,ayscs. MR. ERNEST JONES. Mr. F. O'CONNOR b gged to know tif the Secretary of &ay. for the Rome Department had reeeivkd any comma• IliCttioli from Mr. Brant Jonas, e iinplainiaii that the Tith ing magistr-tes and the governor • f the prison in which he w to cooled had refused to allow Tim to pati•ion fird house, and that they had rt fuse Ito inquire of the j tdge whether h:s sentence was carrecaly earned cot; that ott reinahl to THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY. EVENING, JUNE 13, 1849. pick crime he was put into a cell 4 feet by 6, with no diet Vut bread and water, and nothing to lie upon but au boa bedstead ? Sir 0. GREY sail that several communications had been revived from Mr. Jones, but cot recently, and as the hon. gentleman had sat given him notice of the question it was iielomible for him to tax his memory with the minute de tail wire* they might have contained. In every instance they were referred to the visiting justices. Mr. O'CONNOR said be would repeat his question on Friday next, and refer particularly to letters of the 7th and 21st of May. THE INTERVENTION IN ROME. Mr. HUME asked the noble So cretary for Foreign Affairs whether he had any objection to lay before the house the document referred to by him in his answer the day before as having been forwarded to Lord Normanby re specting the course which her Majesti's government in tended to take relative to tl e proceedings o the French in Rome, in order that the house might be ab'e to judo* it we were implicated in those iufom tus pracee diogs 1 Lord PALMERSTON (who was all but inaudible) was ander-tood to say that there was no objection to the produc tion of that communication. Mr. HUME—Or any other document which would show whether the Eng.ith government was cr was nut implicated. (Order, order.) AUSTRIAN OCCUPATION IN TUSCANY AND ROME. Mr. MI LNES requested to know whether the noble lord could Worm the house and the country of the terms of oc cupy ion of Central Italy by the troops of the Emperor of Au'tri,, and whether the acts of that sovereign were to be considered the acts of an indept ndent and aggressive vwer, or the acts only of the sovereign of those stale. performed by the troops of another power called in at kis request. Lord PALMERSTON said that first, with regard to the OW of Tuscany, the Austrian g•neroment some time ago, through the Aus'itan minister at this court, communi cried to lisp Majesty's government the opinion that in virtue of existing tresses the Austrian government having, u thy conceived, a rev. reionary int,rest is the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, stood in the situation of having a right to interft re in the aff.irs of Tuscany in a manner its which they had not a right to interfere in other countries with which they were not a t connected. When the Austrian interference first toot place it was et ported to her Maj est) 'a government that the en trance of the Anus ion tr lops into Tuscany was not only un solicited by bat against the consent of the Grand Duke, but subsequent inforiaation negatived that impression Bad led them to believe that the entrance of the Austrian troops was in accordance with the wishes end in compliance with the ✓equ st of the Grand Duke. Respecting the entrance of the Austrian troop. into the Roman states, he yesterday stated that the penal government had made application to the four catholic p twers—Ae.stria, France, Spain, and Naples—for evils mititary assistance, wi h a view to re.esublish the authority if the Pope ; and the entrance of the Amer:an troop into the Roman terrisory was is compliance with that appliestimi from he Pope to the Eosin roe of Aurria. TRI HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY. Mr. CHRISTY asked ii any negotintiona bad taken piece or were now pending relative to the claims of the Hudson's Bay Company to compensation arniogout of acy treati.s be tween this country and the U. ited States ; the nature and amount of such claims, and whether any correspondence had rowed either between her Majesty's government and the Hudson's Bay Company or with the government of the United States on this sulvet. Lord PALMERSTON said that in the mune of last year the Hudson's Bay Company applied to her Majesty's eove rue meat for countenance teed as :stance in the negotiations they wished to open with the Ueited States for the cession of their pr eperty to the south of the nos boundary line, in puesuance of the stipulations of the treaty respecting the Oregon territory. That assistance was granted, but as the negotiations between the company area the American go vernment, now going on, were cot conducted through the organs of the Engli It government, he could not state exactly in what position those negotiations now stood. THE ARCTIC EXPEDITION. Lord PALMERSTON brought up the despatch, by com mand of her Majesty, which had been moved for in that house, giving au account of the part which had been taken by the Unite , ' States in reference to the Franklin expedition, and moved that it be printed. Sir R. INOLIS wee desirous of availing himself of the occasion to call the attention of the house to the con duct of the government of the United States in preparing an expedition to the Arctic Sees with the object for which her etsjestj's gee. rnment had already sent forth three expeditions from this country in one year, namely, to discover and relieve Sir John Franklin and the ships and Crews under his command. But net content with that, we had this very year passed a vote iu supply for the same purpose. He was sure that every one must rejoice at the coarse adopted by the United State a in furtherance of that chject. (It ar, hear.) One of the m est eloquent letters ever addressed by man or w-man to either man er woman had been wrier n by Lady Franklin on behalf of herself and child, to the President of tee United States, asking hie assistance ; and the answer of the President did equal honour to his head and heart, sod he was now sendiug forth two expeditions, one to Behring's Straits, the other to Davis's 8 rafts. Lard PALMERSTON was sure the house would show its appreciation of the few remarks which had fallen from the lion. m. mber, by fully ceineding in the feelings he hail expressed el' the generous conduct el the American and Russian goverontents, in sending out vessels to search for those enterprising navigators who heel gene from this country to the Arctic Seas. These expeditions were some of the most honoeroble that a maritime nation could under take, and stood sill more pr minently before the world on account of their generosity than the one which this country originated. Mr. DISRAELI &so eulogised the letter of Lady Frank lin, and the conduct of the American President. He was sure that such incidents would, in the opinion of that house and the country, be more calculated to create a good under standing and a f at. rnity of feeling between different nations, than any of those fantasies and political nostrums now iu circulation. The motion was then agreed to, and the papers were ordered to be printed. INTERNATIONAL ARBITRATION. Mr. COBDEN, after presenting the petitions above named, spoke as follows :—" Sir.—t do net remember rising to address the hones on any occasion when I felt more de. sir us to be indulged with their attention; beeanse, Tepee sentieg as I do a very numerous body out of this house, who take a deep interest in tibia queetiun, I mu-t say I feel regret on their account, as well as for the cause I have in hand, that there should be so much misapprehension in the ?reuse in reference to this subject. What h.s just fallen from the hon. member for Bucks is a proof that the re must be some misapprehension ; for he would not have presumed to sneer at a moti en before he bad beard it made, unless be had m ewls:ad that there was something so unreasonable and preposterous about it that it ought to be con demned before it was heard. (Hear, bear.) I have heard that hon. gentleman indulge in a sneer before on many eiceasions ; but the sa have been ex post facto sneers. I have never until now heard him sneer at a ma ter by ant:- death:3n. He has grounded that sneer on an observation drawn forth by a subject which was calculated above all others to move the milk of human kindness in oar bosuns. (Hear, hear.) How it was possible for an hon. member, in reference to the answer returned by the American President to Lady Franklin's letter, to indulge in a sneer of that kind, I cannot understand; unless it be that the ben. gentleman is incapable of anything but sneering. (Hear, hear) I ac cept thou acts of the American and Russian governments as proofs that we live in altered time.. (Heft, hear.) As the right bon. member for the University of Oxford has well observed, at no former period of the ',who's history has there been an instance of foreign peanuts Ws sending out, at a great tepees - , to seek for adventurers unconnected with their own community. Accepting this as a proof that we live in different times from those that are pest, I think there is notbiog unreasonable in our seeking to take another step towards emolide•ieg the peace of nations, and securing us minst the recurrence of the greatest cala mity that con afflict mankind. (Hear hear.) I stand here the humble tepresentative of two di stinct classes, both of some importnece in the community. In the first place, I re. present on this occasion, and for this specific moron 'alone, that influential body of Christians who repudiate the right of resorting to war in any case, whether offensive or defensive. (Hear, hear.) I also represent that numerous portion of the middle classes of this country, with the great bulk of the working classes, who have an abhorrence of war greater than at any former period of our history—(hear, hear), and who desire that we should take some precautions, and if possible obtain some guarantees, spa net the recurrence of war in future. Those two classes have found a mouton ground— and I r knee atit,—on which they carnotite whhout compro mising their principles on one side or the other. It Is not neces sary that any one in this house or out of it who accedes to this motion should be of opinion that we are not . justified so , Christians, under any circumstances, in resor ting to war, even in self-defence. It is only necessary that you should be agreed that war is a great calamity which it is desirable we should avoid if possible. (Hear, hear.) It you feel that the plan previewed is cal culated to attain the object sought, eon may vote for it without comproo.ising yourselves on the extreme principle of defensive war. (Hear, hear.) For what do I suppose? I assume that every one in this house would only sane:ten war, in case it was imperatively demanded on oar part, in defence of our honour or our just interest,. I take it that every one here would repudiate war, unless it were eslled for by such motives. I mums, moreover, that there is not a man in this house who would not repudiate war, if those object' — the just interests and honour of the countr y—could ' be preserved by any other means. My object is to see if we can not de&se mute means which shall eneble us to dispense with war altogether; and my plan is timely and solely that we should retort to that mode of settling disputes in cam amities which individuals resort to in private life. I only want to extend it one step thriller, to carry out in another instance the principle which you &cornier In a thounand other cases—thet the intercourse between comtnanities is nothing more than the intercourse of individuals in the ,atgrestiee. I want to know why there may not he an sue.- meet between this country end France, or between this 000t.try owd America, by whi h the nations should respec tively bind themselves in case of any misunderstanding arising which could not b- settled by mutual ftereeentatien Or diplomacy, to refer the dispute to he decision of arbitra tors. By arbitrators I do not mean nee smelly crowned hen's or neutral states ; therigh we have exemples where dispu'es heave been referred to crowned heeds, and where their arbitrament h.as been eminently suftteoful. Tim* is a case where the U.:ited States and France referred a disj ate to Engl end ; a case in whelk England and the Unitsd Set:es referred a di-pette to Rusala—o , o in which the United States and Kalov t:f.ired a quell m to Fruits's, and onto in which the United States and England referred a ease to the x; ~,, the Netherlands. These Mel were al eminently ea.:em— ir one failed in immediate object, there is - ' . u • l ----- in which a war his followed from such a reference. 1 70 -- ae , hear.) But Ido not confine myselt to the plan of refern'' disputes to neutral powers. I see more and more the di‘ culty of two independent states like England and Pr ams doing so, as one might prefer a republic for the wheeze,: and the other a monarchy. I should prefer to as 1 these disputes referred to commusion• re or plenipotenti e l -- ae arbitrators', appointed from or.e country, to meet men ae -- pointed from another eenntry, to inquire into then(r e ,` and agree upon it; or, if they cannot do so, to havel the' power of calling in an umpire, as is dime in ell erbe re ; Tao is very differ nt from the principle y "ati aa ., - adopt. I watt you to give these men the o a u t e e ee l - power to settle quarrels when they come before then. ..A -.. " the r • is an essential difference between that plan 8 ,4 ` the plan you sow meet to. (Hear.) I want to shoe that I p -- peactical on this ocusien, by showing that all I propose tea; has been done on =Tent occasions before. In 1794 we b e e a treaty with America, tor oompneeation for c rue tein Brig claims on the American government. Those claims w are referred to four commissioner+, two appointed on each aids, with the pros ion that they should elect unanimously an w et : tutor: in cast they could not agree in the choice of an eitt. trator, it was provided that the representatives re me t e country, should put the came. of certain Beet:gen itee s e urn, ore to be drawn out by lot; and this arbitrato r e ng the four commissioners decided by a majority el the cases brought before them. Again, f a - g as treaty of 1814 with the United Settee, pr. seinen wee awe s for unbolt must important matters precisely in the way we now propose. Provision was made for running the =ender ! between the United Statue sod Canada, fee some thowsea of miles; also foe defining the right re certain Wads lyia i on the coast ; and for running the boundary betwees lie u and New Brunswick. The plan was this: Each canny named a commissioner; the commissioners wer to came l y to agree on these disputed points; and the matters oa Wee they ctend not agree were niece d to some neutral rap, All the matters referred te them—and most importuner, were—were arranged by mutual conference and mutual ca. cession., except the question of the Maine boundary, whi l e was ace testingly referred to the Ring of the Natheelsan Afterwards exception was taken to his decision by te e United States; the matter remained open till the time of Lord Ashburton's minion; and it was fisally settled by him. But in no sue has any such sefeness ever been followed by war. In 1818 there wee a convene le with America, for settling the claims made by that country for armed sepal' during the war. It ma agreed to refer that matter to the Emperor of Russia; sad he decided in favour of the principle of compensation. ea was then appealed to by both the govern= nts to defies a mode by which this compensation should be adjudged; sae his plan was this. He said—" Let each party name acme missioteer and an &sharer. ; let the eommisioners stet, sad if they can agree, well and good ; if no., let the asa n of the arbitrators be put into an urn, and one dram eel by lot; and that arbitrator and tee two cemmietionen dull guide the question by a majority." This method vu adopted, and compensation to the event of 1,200.000=e lan' was given, without any difficulty. Hence, it appeal that what I propose Is no novel'y, no innovetion ; it hes been practited, and practised with success; I only wear yon to carry it a little further, and resort te it ii anticipation of these quarrels For this I process an address to the crown, prayiag that 1 her Majesty will Instruct her foreign secretary er 1 prem.!' to foreign powers to enter int, Megan providing that, in ass of any future onaunderstandiegon arbitration such as I have described shell he rem gratin There .no difficulty in fixing the wane of arbitration, and provi ling the details; for arbitration is =much wed in private life, and to indeed made par a of many glee= and acts of parliament, that there is no difficul y Treace is carrying out the plan, erovided you are egreed as to the policy of doing so. (Neer, hear.) Now, 1 shall be mat with this objection ; I have heard it already ; lied I knees them are men in this house who purpose to vr.te against the motio n ea this ground. They say, What is the use of a lusty of this sort between France and England, for instance; tee parties would not observe a treaty ; it would be a piece el waste paper ; they would go to war as before, in epite army treaty." It would be a sufficient anewer to teat ohjectioate say, "What is the use of any :rest , / e (liege) Whet ia the use of the foreign office ? (H ter) What I. the weepy diplomacy?" You might shut up the one and regain= other. (Hear, hear.) I say that a treaty binding tee countries to keep the peace, and to refer their disputes I arbitration, isjuat es likely to be observed as any, otherume I anticipate another objection, which I have beard men They say " you cannot carat the great interests of lag. land to in eviduah, to commissioners such as yen neat" That is upon the assumption that the quarrels with foram countries are quarrels involving the whole exist nee of the empire. On the contrary, whenever there quarrels Ws place, it is generally upon the moat minute and ...yid pre revs—cheer, hear)—so absurd that it is almost impotake. on looktng back for the last hundred years, to tell precidy what any war was about. (Hear.) I heard the other de of a boy going to gee a model of the battle of Wa . erloo, me when he asked what the battle was about, no they the old la dier who had charge of the exhibition,nor any ono in the rem. could answer the question. (Hear, hear.) At all evestel I may quote the remark made the other night by tke retie lord at the head of the government—that the last Woven were unnecessary—(hear, hear)—in which I quite tree Me him. But, to return to the p lint whether or not comes. sinners might be entrusted with the grove matters whlt form the subjects of dispute between mama, I would draw the ettenti= o. the house to the fact that already you do en , trust these matters to individuals. Tres eta of rue, made atter war, ere gem rally entrusted to individuals to negotiate and carry out. (Hear, hear) Take the case of Lrd Castle. reagh, =presentee% the British power at the nursed Vienna. He had full power to bind this country to the treaty of Vienn e. 'When he entered this house ea the 211 of March, 1816, and Mr. Weitbread brought on tie subject of the treaty, with the view of cenewim his conduct and that of the g. 'tenement, Lord Code reach distinctly told the house. " I would not wait for is. struc ions at Vienna; I never allowed the machine of tle congress to stand sell fur want of my c ineurteliee on in. portent matters; I took upon my elf the me onsibibrycl acting ; end if the Interests and hoeour of Baked hare been sacrificed, I stand here shone r. sponeib.e." I wait to know, could not as et od men as Lord Cavleresgli be bud to settle these muter blecire a twenty Tears' war? Why not depute to a pleeipetentitery the same powers Woman? and a conflict as you eive him after ? For these Batten can onl a be steeled tie , deputation, by empoweeillit inuividule to sect fur you ; and let the government femurs them ai day will, a (lured nap power, alter all, must he left, gm they are to bud tte country in respect to tee others. (Hoe, hear.) Take the cos.' of Lord Ashburton =Wine tabbies i boundary questi in in America. H- had the power to bindthe country to anything lie set his hand to. No doubt le Lad= instructions from tee government, but he pre seen berates title to the Aleutian government, and is revived ey them' T eu a t t h h e e rise it e ,t to vn b y in e d ar t . his we co h un av try e i. M ere sn w ee d hi c n ui r he cur acme i f u rca teda 60,000 ; in the army, navy, and ordnance the expiate= Ira been augmented 60 to 70 per cent. Frem 106 don to last year there is no proof of the government hareem/ confieence in the Our/Wiwi of peace, or p mating ui--m sr security against war. (Hear, hear) I think the inferno is quite the contrary. On the committees en weich 1 hie been sitting I have seen semething which has perfectly het r fled me ; and I dare say other hon. gentlemen would shot my alarm at the stets of things. But I confess, when I hen looked into wha we are doing in the way of provision II warlike Dunes, means of aggression, and preparationsfe dote ice against some foreign enemy, I ' have been &sweetie at the wasteful expenditure that is going on What miller& gentlemen think warn they know that we have 170.02 barrels of gunpo seder in store? (Hear, hear) Besidestbk we have 65 millions of bell cartridges made up re tidy form (t• Hear, hear," and a laugh from the protectionist beechen The public will not laugh when they read what Iwe (Hear, hear.) They will act join the hen membrane counties opposite in laughing at this statement. We bee 60,000 pieces of cannon in sere, besides those awe, Pi h arsenal., and garrisons, and batteries. There are 6 melee of cannon-balls and shells in the stores—(bear, hear)—mi 1,200,000 ssud-begs, ready for use whenever they *reneged (Laughter.) There are provisions equal to three cr kw years consumption of these articles in the height of tee French war. You have, in barrelled gunpowder &loses supply equal to nearly three years' consumption of thee & cle in the he ight of the French war, and equal to Flo years' consumption at the present rate ; to say oothme li the 65 millions of hall cartridges. (Hear, her.) Wa anybody presume to answer me by the vague dere* tion that we want no further guarantee for the Fe nervation of peace? Will any one tell me that we ile not strictly „Justified and warreoted in r e yieg, at se events, to bring to bear the opinion of tea home, of tbe country, and of the civilised work), upon some ra ter mode of presendog peace than that which WWI upon peace almost all the berdens which war formerlyllo to entail? (Hear, hear.) We are now spending every 7W .on e s o n n y r i s u r r m i e n ne t e h a e te mi nt i o d r i e s e o hr th w e pent y u & ally( ( H i n th ar, e bii l ea, If I am opposed by supposititious care', and told 'L my plan would not apply to such, I take my :stand IPat past experience, and will show y ou numerous icons where it would have applied. Nay, more, all it, vii' avoidable quarrels we have had during the lad years—l mean three which could not have been an idei any conduct on the part of our government—all these have been more fitly Fettled by arbitration than in any other way : and I will appeal to the right hon. eettil A e on both aides of this house, who have filled tespeln offices when such disputes have arisen, wheeler they not have felt relieved and happy had they hail this of arbitration to rely on in these cases. (Hear, hoer) , the eve of 1837, when a dispute arose w ith Bieb e r! the confiscation of a ship in the Bleck Bea celled the Nat The noble lord the member for Tiverton was thee Folede Secretory. He knows very well that that vessel was sent 0 1 2 Black Scatty a particular party, with a nerticular eletoe. thing was entirely got up. I was in of C i freighted and seat to the coat of Cirassis for n, time, and knew the whole history very purples of embroiling us with Russia :elr a immediately she wee seised there was a party real 'fli t an excitement against the noble lord for submitting?,. arrogant spoliation of the Russian government. ffse_, then had an arbitration treaty with the Russian goverl.w7,, would rot that have been the best possible resource form noble lord in that ctse, and have enabled him to eteso ' party attacks mode upon him in this country ? 1 14 ! non, which, after all, did not a ff ect an amount of pr_ ol ,, it. That at 7 ft, mere than 2,0001 or 3 , 0001, might have been se w ttl , e4 _ , petty jury of twelve honest tradesmen tree ISS I! ° bow l the noble lord in the Foreign-office. ( Hewett: any ore for a moment tell mo that the &mete _D... boundary between Maine and New Brunswick, and our Unit ite and that of Oregon, m i g ht not have bees tlel lay arherseitn? (Hear, hear.) I Prefer the "Zia meat of commissioner, to that of crawnei be de ; rh pit ti 1.41 d ~_.