The Express. — London, England, 1849-06-06 00:00:00

I emitted the hemee—be so doubt it wee teasidered **oblige theme—with the propeftlem to g a beck ti thee weaken of 1336; dib wee sesaidered a meet ii bombes halimeloatien ma the poet ef my hon. friend; tan kw *males fee Kaaren then prep teed reductions of it hem r eeepiag seism Dories the disenesion* the veriememOb mates we ti some tridincecesomies, but all ime p. .0, the same remelt. Toe boas* legislates en this ; i igi as s of 'speakers precisely as though there two SO BM* nation, mad me though taxation was unkeiows end „o f within the limits of the United Abe fooe ; whereat my belief if that if, the Hein a Comempos truly represented the people, there fa no imeeds• whisk would aelvanee eo effeetsay a fir v e l ish mead be di greed of greater importance, thee this u nties eitustion, which prows so heavily urea the (Hear, hear.) The noble l •rd mad, het To w, that we body out of doots wasted more reform ; • ta the awe of last summer no fewer thee 100 mute 144 in all parts of the country, were held in (troar Of la MOW sioalu to that now reposed, mad infinite militias we re Mid on the table of the loam to the tame effect. Irmo = Week oe the subject have been presented this year, it Ile I flaplJ bteettte the people, seeing the fatility of petitiene, ha resolved to effect their olejects is another way. equally Meentatiooal. The hen. member fee Wareiekstasg h is T etra to that new plan of operatics', and lam obliged to hiss for doing so ; hes isestioa of it will operate as so eseellest advertisement. (A buck.) I will add to the f d oom ei o n he her gives: from a revert of a meeting just luld at Birmingham I will quote the followiag paver it may be worth while to state that stimulated by the rumple ea m in e d with the atelletanc• of the Birmingham noceetv, institutielmeg a shaper kind have sprung up all over the a sentry. In Webs* mop* the society hos :oto washers, Dudley IV. Mons bridge 430, Wetcecter SO, st drord 100, Derby :no, rvewonwisem Tyre ISO , Stallard 110, Chetenhern 200, Sheildld Stain tO, awl London shoot 3,000. Is Litmtinghsto, Dudley, %Solver otambridge, and Coventry, 1,836 allotments will my spun y be made. Altogether there has been called Moo ealitenee a lily of between 10,009 and 11,010 men, who by prudence md economy, have woehed oat their can ag r ea c e maggeent. with regard to the Birmingham societv, It now Imams 1,200 members, eutreribing for 2000 shore.. It hie already even allotments to :IS members in Ninth stes.rdshire, os the estates the Creams puntiased et Ibutdoworth and ferry Barr; and having runty made another purchase at Blosamhury. In North Wartmckshire, they reodod to take advantage at it. se kodday times, milk in procession to the land, and plow the In formal pos. servion. this estate is very pleasantly situa ed, commando; an ex tensve prospect, contains shout IS mem, and bas Wen divided into 231 allotments, fah enoteout wll ties contain about 300 mare yard., with a beaten. of from IS to 30 bet. (Hear, hear.) Tare hon. gentleman denounces the under. falai as a ecaspineey, aad says that the votes are such as, under a proper interpretation or the constitution, ough • not to be created. The hon. gentleman, no doubt, respects the memory of the late Chief Juirice Tio.lal. (Ilea!, hear. The report I have read from has those further pussies : We recommend this motto to every other tows thnsutbout the klegdom, from the Ups if Lord Chief dustier IteedeLtme of their great eorotitus.ismal joas, t s the cffeet th 4 the object of tactual the number of frsehAders at a county theta is a ea °Meet In Itself a ping law, or !morality, or sound policy. There I. mottling Injurious in Ow community In one men selling end imam boyimt land for the direct purpose of giving or acquiring such gealificatione. On the contrary, t to inerra.ing the number of persons enjoytng the elective barrios* certainly appears to have been the eamutul object!" the Re ocm Amt." Taint win the cpinion of Chief Antic* Tindal—a man .ho, so far as he was a politician, did not generally agree with us, bat who was far too excellent a judge to allow any smile Motive to inflames him in the. xpr set n of his opinion. I am prepared to maintain that that is a system of which we ought t) approve. I bedews that every man who saves his stoney to g• t a vote is secially and stonily improving him" self in SO dcisig, and that his admiseien within the r t. o f the constitution will be • blessing to the country. But 1 would tel the noble lord at tt to head of the government, and hon. gentlemen epposi'e, that there are circuit kenos* in coons ;ion with this matter which are not ferouralele, and watch I could wish meld ho avoid d. These seen do not come forward to purchase these votes until they have a strong anchintreebo car vieri in that it is their right to po sees the franchise, and that they are unjustly shut oat from its exercise. (Hear, hear.) Daring the agitation of this question lathy /patch* may be made which are by no means compliment cry to this house, and some evils may be incurred in the pursuit of the object, which are, under the circumstances, natural and Inevitable. Whet. these men de come within the pale of the constitution in saki, at numb: r •co ak aitattrita ively in this house, they may c me in m victors and you me van quished. (Hear, bear) It would be fat better that now, when he public mind is quiet—when these men are net ex. uperated—when they bare not allowed irritation to find a place in their miudt against you, and against the in. I s titutioas of the country—it would bi far better that , you should now, in this hour of estm, coneider this question, and trove to the great body of the people that the old system of Layton to compel you to do anything is gone by, and that at lest experience lens made you both wiser and more just. (Cheer) It is no answer to tee claims of these annetranchised Mtn to say that a fox of them can thus purchue qualifications. (Heir) Some of the best of them are not able to buy them. (Hear, hear.) Hen with Inge families who do not happen to be engaged in these co. cupations which are sell pits!, ere not able to purchase qualifi •atione; and I hope the noble lard will not to ke Ina reason fir opposing the motion, that I hare pistol out that many of thine—not a la-ge number—ars opening for them selves a way of meanie 'skid& the rale of toe constitution. Now look at the great features* this ease. Yon have s p mulatiun of 30,000,000, of whom 6,000,0 1 10 at lees' are adult men. Amongst these there am lees than 1,000,000 of electors. The 5,000,000 are not slay. ej they aro not a cam who do not sea whet we are doing—(kesr, hear); hey in not a class who are ignorant of the effects of government es their mate Cal condition ; they are not • ,lase—a very large patio. of them, at hast—who are much b.dews 011111tITC• is inhalation on the most in:thereat sob juts. Here are these 6,000 000, who have *anted petitions year after year, and who steed about at dee. tione,—you hare sees them (about the heirbige, looking up to the vows and the esedidases, and and oily longing in their hearts to he in reality what tee ennatitut eel of this country contemplated that they should he—men lams SODS at least should inflderes this house. (Choirs) I have shown, sir, I think conclusively, that this house, as now ea &tibial, is incapable of making those changes which are smeary, until danger is imminent, or has overtakes us. as it has recently done in the ease of Ireland. (Hear.) The nulelllerd said the other sight, in ape king of tt ion** oar like's% that the country lied nalicient influ nee in this house. If, by " the esiantry," the noble lord means his owe order,what he said wee true; but if he means what we intend by that espromiem, that is, all b.'ow the ti le I climes, it was not tree. (Hear, bear.) Look at the compositien of the cabinet. If this bow repreeested the nation, is it likely that the members of the goveesment would be all chown strictly, and most e xectsivelt , from oat clam? (Hear ) To show • hat the cabinet it aristocratic, and not popular, I will observe that it samprises Lord Cottenhaen, Lard Lansdowne, lewd Nieto, Lard Carey. Lord Campbell. Lord Marisa/dr, and Lord Car. Ili.. Of 14 members of the cabinet, 7 are peers. (Hear.) Thee there are Lord John Russell and Lord Pal met Mon, who are net, Indeed, peers, but are precisely of the same ease and order. (Hear, hear.) Then th.. re are bee other gentlemen, her of whom are baronets, and one is not a baronet Of theme, I find that one is the non-in law and btotherdn law of a peer ; smother is the eon-in-law of a peer; another is the nephew of a peer; smother b the grandson of • peer, sad the wePbew of a peer by zurrinße and the last is the man ia-law of • peer. (Hear, bear) Now eon have teed accus tomed to Wm from eliddhood, and me doeiht you think it right. The wianine silo always thinks meat exists is right; but there is another tide which mi• win some day. and which is beginning to find out that this is wrong. (Hear, hear.) There is not a man in this house who objects l ees than I do to any of the noble lords who hold poeitiocs in the government. It is quite possible that you could not find in this hones an equal numb.r of men against wk , ms so little object on could be raised. I might say the mama of the gweroment which peeeeded them ; but then I sly frank'r to them both—and I am sure they will not underhand me as quaking disparagingly of them—that if tale home were a fit representation even of the middle chows of this country, to say nothing of the workirg classes—still more, if it were • representation of five limbs or of th , whole ale-sinks of the entire grown-up pops latien of the votary, it is quite impossible that yen could have a cabinet uniformly chosen out of eme perticu'ar, privileged chug of the community. (Beer.) It is hee ease this house is aristocratic and not popular Ant the eablnet is aristocratic and not popular. (Heat, bear.) And it is for this reason that these changes which public opts sift demands, and will, if 'mecum, ultimet•ly enforcer, should he conceded. (Hear, hear.) Now, before I sit down, I wish to ask one question. It is this : whether the five-sixths of the adult male peculation now teal tided—l speak within compaes—comririses • body of an for whom you have no respect, and in whom you have no confidence? (Hear, hear.) What would be your cogs. try what its getamess—what its biatoiy—what its pest— what its futon—it these fiveesixits were all as entirely ex cluded from emeythirg SW as they are from the possession cf political power in this hi use ? I honour the memory and revere the character of those who hue, gone before us end who gained for us the personal and the political liberty which we poem. But, in proportion as I honour them, am I anxious that we should not leave the world without having done something to repair and to amend the institutions which have been left to us ; and I vote fa the istr tare of my hoe. friend ea this ground, that I believe that if it be came the law of the land we should leave toour children end our posterity the priceless heritage of a renovated and endruhig constitution. (Loud cheers-) Lord J. RUSSELL said, whatever he might think, with ✓espect to the motion before the house, he could nut oppose it without fleet paying his tribute to the moderation, fairness, and total alumna of all bitterness which had marked the 'met of the hon. member for Montrose ie introducing it (hear, hear), and for his own part he was hapt y to see the boo. gentleman appearing there wi h renovate' health. lliff riog as he did f. one the hon. member in opinion, be could out Keil no doubt that the teat patriotic motive had led him to bring this motion under the consideration of the house—that he had done it with a view to the improvement of the representarVn, and the correction of defects in their instigations. ( Hear, hear.) Bat with regard to the motion itself, if there were much doubt and obscurity both in the plat year and the present one, in the words of the honourable member foe Montrose— * that honourable member had come before the hone., telling them that he meant to give the franchise to all householders, and yet what he meant by householders he was unable to say, observing, however, that the old delle cotton of a householder being • sass who held • house, was not his definition, and that under his proposal every person who slept under a roof should have the suffrage—if then were some obscurity in the proposal of the hon. member, and the word t. householder," is its old and natural sense, was ill-suited to that proposal, the speech.( the hon. gentleman who spoke last had cleared up all ambiguity, and must have informed the house that, whatever might be the intention, or wishes of the hon. member for Mont rose, whatever might be his respect for the ancient conatitu- tioa tithe orsatry, whatever We MOWN'S for hew which had enabled itia to prism se distinguished • part sad to cooler no anal benefit on his essustry--(hear, hear)—tiK44l who sided hie, and in aiding overpowered him—(lead ettters)—bad no limitation is their citsiAn ; that they, to US the words of the hon. gusher who spoke lest, had he respect fur the ousstitution. (" neer, h•ar," sad chows.) That their prop ninon stopped sot short of admit. ring every adult mile to the sajeyeeest of the frszebise ; end that therefore, 'hooch it might not be included la the notion of that nista. in effect the carrying of the mix points of the shorter wasthe end to which the boa. member for Montrose had dilated his observations. (lima, hoar.) Now in eon burin, the motion ha must refer to what had been said by the bon. neater for Bradford, and he believed abo by the Wm. member for East Surrey, at • time when Ite(Lord J. Krell) was absent from the house ; though he bawd the hon. member for Bradford &taint that be _ _ _ wished that those who introduced the Reform Bill would teke the lead in the mosem•nt which was at p► tent goina on. Now he most ►eie► to the eons &radon. watch h tit governed thou who framed the Reform Bile; or, he would rather say, to mato of these considerations, to he would not malty the house by entering into any of the details of the museire. It so happened that in the year 1821 he (Lord J. Respell) bro..ght forward a large plan fur the referee of that house, while in 183 L he proposed, as the organ of the government, a b II which in Is main pro visions was tarried end became the law of the land. In framing that wenn their view was to found it upon the anti int euestitutioe of this country ; to ne edier what were the defects in the repenen tstion of that house; to amend those defects in the spirit in which the institutions of the country were originally framed, at d like else 6.1 to amend them that they might agree with the various parts of en ancient, 'free, and • glorious emeitarice. (Cheers.) Teo y were Lee of them who preferred to feel no respect for that consti tution. ("Hear, letar,'• and cheers.) Now, with regard le the franchise, what they cern lend desirable in those who poen:read it, was independenes and intelligence. (Hoer, hear.) If thug were not independence in those who exert:bed the franchise, there could not be the ex pires ion of the public will ; if there wore not intelligence, it was impassible to enure that which was tee object of repre sentation—namely, the good government of the country. The object having been, then, to secure independence and intelligence. let the house co nsider in what position the framers of the Reform Bill found the representation of this country in those respects. First, they found in counties the 40s. freeholders' admirable (randier, which secured, be thought, as much independence as it was possible to obtain. Then there was an accent franchise in towns—the house hold franchise—which in modern days. hutted of including merely there who tunneled the ancient burgesses, who were men o' property and intelliget ce, comprised a for more extensive ears, and requited to ba modified in order to the attainment of the object in view. And here he would ob serve that much of the corruption of the constituent bodies tinder the unreformed wham, at arose from the want of that intelligence which he maintained was necessary in • consti tuent body. (Hear, hear.) Take any question, for I :ample, that of the corn laws. II a man were eager for the mainte nance of the era laws, or if he were eager for their abolition, according to his strong conviction on the subject would he give his vote for or against the different candidates; but if he bad negy heard the question stated, and war quite ignorant of the merits, and if there were besidt s two candidates before him, of whom one was reedy with a bribe while the other ens not, he would be lelalty indifferent to all political considerations, sod being sadly influenced by the elite of a bribe, would vote, sot accoreing to any convictionnn the subject, Mei and-r the it floence of the proffered bribe. He must say, then, that he dad consider intelligence neceesuy in the great body of the electors. Again, in regard to the arrangement of the representalioo, they found existing nay great defines. 1 Those detects were chiefly of two kinds. A large number of the boroue los of the country were in the pose 01011 of haii eldest proprietors; so that persons seat to that house were, in fact, directly nominated by tboee proprietors, and represeuted only the individuals themselves. This was inconsistent with any notion of repreeentation. It was toned also that some of the great seats of the manu factures, and even of conga-Fee, were not represented in that house. Manchester, Leech, and Birmingham were at thettime without representatives. They proposed to correct these detects by notion off from the representation • very coneid 'Mee number of boroughs Pending more than 100 members to that house, and supply ing their places from the counties end the large seats of cementer, of manufactures, and of an increasing population. But while the framers of the bill considered that these were detects which required to be amended, there was another pert of the representation e. liich did net seem to them so defective se the hon. member fur Montrose had that night pissented it to be ; he meant that part which comprised constituent bodies of vat 'tette hint's—some very large coun ties, some very populous cities, bat which, at the same time, included :ome small boroughs which were not affected by the passion and excitement that marked large cities. His belief wee, that if instead of the present intent they were to divide the whole country into dietricts, allowing 50 to the metrop die, and 2.5 to Man chester, and bal tocine that by having similar numbers from G•vno, Sussex, and York, they would 1. ave a less eom plats and efficient representation than at present. They would have a greater number of pars •ns to represent Man chestt r, but on the oti.er bend they would have a greater camber to represent the agricultural interest, while they would have fewer men whose opinions were of great weight in that hove, and whose teder ts added to its usefulness. (Hear, hear) The bon. gentlemen who spoke last alluded to the influence of Lord Exeter in the borough of Stamford ; but that borough bad seat to that house a gentleman who had bad a long a sperience in pabl , e life, ants whore commercial knowledge renders his presence there an advantage. (heat.) His belief was that if the hon. gentleman wished to destroy' all aristocratic isduence, he must go aereat deal further than Be proposed. It might be true that Lord Exeter had some Mosso, in Stansffird ; but show him the county in which, saw of great landed pr •porty had not influence. Did the bat. gentleman mean to oestroy that ? Until he heard that that was the hon. gentleman's Proposition. he should main- tale that it was far better to have a need representation of small boroughs, as well as large cities, and to have various el oses represented, instead of haying in parliament two sets of men only of oetegonistio opinions. (Hear, hear.) la saying this he stated the grounds on which he thought the general alterations in the Reform Bill were founded, and, if he steed them correctly, it would be teen that tht . y differed so entirely brim the proposition of that night, that it would be quite impossible for him or tiny one who took part in the moue of the Reform Dill, and rill retained those opinion., to ad tpt any such meson*. There was another and a different question with which they bad not now to deal—namely, whether, in conformity with the general principle of the Reform Act, and which be believed to be past, there might not be a greater number of persons poises leg the suffrage—whether the workieg glasses might not be admitted to hold it more generally, ited whether in the great townr, boroughs, and counties, there should not be other franchises to enable them to excrete that right. He had already on a former evening stated that he was favourable to such an ezter.sion of the franchise ; but the hon. gentleman who made the present propoeitior, protested against any extension of that kind. (Nis, no.) Ile had seen a proposal to that effect treated with ridicule by those who thought with that hon. gentleman as a change by no means esicuLted to satisfy the public—(hear, hear)--and therefore not one to be adopted. Res; acting the church, there had been a settlement of the tithe ques tion, which bad been debated before the Retorm Bill, and afterwards settled on the principle of a commuta tion; pluralities had been rntriced and limited; the trans lation et bishops had been almost put an end to; the holding of dignities in commendam totally prohibited by act of w hen:eat, and severe other measures. The grievance to dis senters of not berg able to marry, unless by the riles of the established church, had been remedied. Regarding the commerce of the country, the China trod. mono poly of the East India Company had been thrown open ; • great change had been made in the customs duties by the measure of the right hon. baronet; the C3fll laws had been repealed; the law respecting foreign sugar bad been entirely altered ' • and only the other day the neegation laws, which were boasted of es from the time of' Cromwell, were repealed by a vote of that house. The.t measures showed that that house was not slow to adopt al terations in our policy and reforms et geired by . public ' opinion. The bon. gentlemen raid that public opinion went before that house. Bat in 1841 several members were sent to that holies from Lancashire and other places to vote in favour of the corn laws, sbowieg that the country was not prepared for the change which, in 1846, was adopted. Although be did net assent to the wisdom of so lone a d-lay, his belief was that that house was not behind public opinion on that subject. Then on the subj e ct of religious liberty—taking the Roman catholics—did any one suppose that universal suffrage would produce less feeling of religious animosity on the part of members of that house towards that Andy than at present existed? (Hear, hear.) And yet he believed that the members of that house were far more liberal then the community in general were supposed to be. The hon. gentlemen said there ought to be a demo cratic element in that house—that Net element was more especially wanting in the cabinet, which was go verned entirely by aristocratic feelings. His belief was, that the people of this country—the humblest and poorest people of this country—had to indisposition to the aris•ocracy. (Hear, hear.) His belief was, that the aristocracy was not forced upon them, and could net be forced upon them. What he found fault with in the hon. member for Man chester, and those who agreed with him, was, that they wen txceediagly narrow•minded. (Cheers from the opposition benc hes) Get them upon their own subjects, upon those subjects with which they were par ticularly conversant, and be listened with great admiration to the great ability and practical knowledge they displayed; hut when they came to discuss large questions concerning the interests of the nation, then thew intellects became bound up in such • narrow round—(renewed cheers))—that it war quite Impossible to get them'to understand those great principles upon which our ancestors founded the eoutituties of the eon , try, end which we, their successors, humbly admired wed endeavoured to follow. (Hear, hear.) no hem gemdamoms speaking of the conduct of that house ONINSIII/ 1111111 M lb said that nothing could be done in it ; o n g - n ano gpm that subject were always rejected. He Illenelth did the beam and the country had very much ISM to therm that if there was a strong disposition for enemy an retrenchment, the government were likely to yield to it, and carry such economy and retrenchment into effect in a manner more conducive to the public service than could be done by haw-hour's diecursion on • single vote in a committee of supply. Since lest year, the navy sifts's. , alo .e had been reduced nearly 800,0001. There bad a'so been various other reductions, and although there bed not been direct votes for redaction, nevertheless the influence of public opinion bad been brought to bear upon the estimates, and they were now, he aeknow ledged,more in conformity with public opinion than when they were presented to the house last year. The hon. gentleman THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JUNE 6, 1849. moreover always spoke se if they wen adding to the taxation of the country, and as it the people were bons down by the weight of it. If for Minos the country e 60,000,0001. ten year. ago, and 62,000,0001. the present year, the hoe. gentleman argued that therefore the people were taxed to the extent of 2,000 000/. more than they were ten lean ago. That wu a complication which was unworthy of the hos. member for Montrose—the real matter to be inquired into being, whether the IMO taxes were kt pt up, whether oasts had been edded, and whether the tans bad been reduced. He had before him a paper of the taxes added and indeed in the last 20 years, from 1828 to 1847, from which it append on the sum total. that while 6,000 000 f. of taxes were imposed, upwards of 17,000,0001. bad been reduced, tasking a balance la ewers of taxes re pealed over taxes imposed of 11,266,0001. It wog to be Wes sidered also that in the come of these 20 yetis the lien, and the wane and property of the country ha= increasing ; so that with lt,ooo 00M. ler of taxation iduat l which remained was derived from a greater amount if property. With raved to thou taxes which wage spinal, there had hem of late years a feeling ex• pressed that taxes on ankles of consumption might to be removed, and dirtet taxes substituted. Out of the whole 7,500,0001. had been taken off the excise , 1 and 9.600,0001,4 the customs, while only 1.600,000. f. had brio added to the excise, and about 2,000.0001 to the cus toms ; heaviest, therefore, a balaeea of upwares of 7,000,0001. of custom, end nearly 6,1.00,000!. of excise reduced in those 20 yens. So fir wu it untrue, therefore, that this country was hardened and weighed down by an additional amount or taxation ; for during the last 2O yeses, and in the 12 years before, the house had been employe., in taking off taxes and is diminishing the burdens of the country. He would com pare the taxes on the necessaries of life at pveust with what they were at a former period, and for that purpose would quote a speech delivered in that house 112 yeah age. Since that time we had had many wan, more especially the last great revolutionary war, which had increased our debt to an snorer us extent; it might there. be supposed that the taxes on the onessaries of life had been greatly increased. Is a speech made at that time, a member of that house said, e For my parr, I do not know any necessary of life upon which there is not some tax or other, except water ; and we can put no iroredients into water to make it palatable or agreeatle, hut such as are taxed. We pay a tsx on air and light by day, by means of the window (loin ; we pay a tax on heat and light in the night ism, by maw of the duties on coals and candles. Our food is taxed through the salt duty' our beer through the malt tax ; and there is a heavy additional tax upon strong hoer by way of excise." None of these taxes upon coals, curdles, salt, or beer now existed. Thirty years later, Adam Smith had said that there wen four article., necessaries of life, which were especially taxed in this country—leather, salt, candles, sod sup. Of those four articles, only one bore a tax at present. These things were worth mentioning, because it was to sun, gly repeated that there were great additional tale, upon the necesaries of life, taxes which our ancestors never had to bear and that the people of this country were sufferiog under an additional weight of taxation on the ne- monies of life. That two great wan, nob as the American end the revatitionary war, both of which appeared to him to have been unnecessary—(hes?, hear)—had rendered ne nuary • great had of taxation upon this country, In was compelled to admit; and he was ears his hon. friend would not wish to alter it if the alteration required any breach of faith on the part of the country, or any attack upon the pub lic credit. (Hear, bear.) The hon. gentleman could not be sure that such a plan as he had proposed would not have for its result 03010 attack upon the pub ie credit. (Hoar, hear.) One of the great petitions, signed by some three or four millions, and presented by the hon. member for Finsbury, especially declared against the national debt, and asked the haute to grant univer sal suffrage and the people's charter on the grouud of its being unjust top y the interest of the national deb'. (Hear, ar,) Therefore, he should not feel exceedingly surprised, were this motion carried, if many of thou to be admitted to the suffrage should, in their ignorance, suppose that they would be benefited by a reduction of the taxes required for the payment of the inter at of the debt. With respect to the gist—the main purport of dill motion—that of admitting every male person orlon age to • vote, he must say, mkly, that ho objected to giving every person a vote for members of the House of Commons, in the belief that they would be roily affected b misrepreuntation and delusion—their, hear)--and that they had not sufficient political information to enable them to make a right choice, of members to repre sent them. (Hear, hear.) The bon. geed. men asked, it he (Lord John Russell) did not believe in their virtue and integrior ? (Hear.) He entirely PTO credit to the great body of the working classes of this country for their 'virtue and integrity. lie beli coved that from time to time the suffrage might ho enlarged, that they would become more w. rthy of eojoying it ; but at present, were the whole country divided into districts, and every man to have a vote, they would be liable to be misled by artful and detigning moms—(lood cheers from the opposition benches)—and that a representation so fo-med would not conduce to the welfare or good government of the people. (Hear, bear.) The hon. member for Montrone had a k-el the government to Point , what was going on on the continent. He by no mean , wished to defend er eulogise those kings who had so long withheld constitutional liberty from their auhiects. Had they begun, after the pence of 1815, to admit tht it people to the enjoyment of constitutio al liberties—h - od they framed wise laws with regard to the press, so as to en able their subjicto to understand and discuss political mat ters, instead of being di iven to speculative works and wild theori's as their mo&ls of government—thy it thrones would have been safer, and we should not have seen the convul of the put and present year. But it did not follow from this opinion that he was anxious to imitate the motions of the continent In their present proceedings. (Hear, hear.) While we enjoyed the freedom of the press for ell kinds of opinions--while a man could be told every morning by one new-paper, that the whole country was ruined by the admission of free trade—and while another newspaper was tell ing another gentleman that the canny was absolutely rained because we had not adopted universal suffrage, and followed the example of the continent—so long as every man cool I have a journal of his own opinion, ail agreeing that the country was ruined, and each having his own opinion as to the GM , of that ruin, presented to him on his breakfast table every morning—let us not have this state or siege introduced, and some gentleman at the Fosse-ouards depriving the ikons of this usual and comfortable accompa niment to their morning meal. (Great laughter.) He would have no imitation of the continental nations at present un- Iterating these changes. He trusted that rational and tem p lib 'toy might result from there changes. (Hear, hear.) lie was sorry that it was PO difficult to attain, and accompa nied by so much disorder and so many quarrels. As far re he could see, there were hut three great countries which ap peared to stand, each according to its consti tution, in a firm and unmoved position. In ono there was complete democracy,—the ntite el States of America. No one there wished to ch-rage the con stitution ; they had attained their object ; they had full liberty ; their constitution was evidently suited to them. Aoother war at the opposite pole—the empire of Russia, where everything was fixed by the sole will of the monarch, but yet where order was preserved, and whir. there was general tenuity at least for life, under the strict means adopted by a despotic government. The third was the con stitutional monist by of Gnat Britain. (Hear, heat) As for as he could see, the people of this country were as much attached to that constitutional monarchy as the people of any country ever had been attach , d to their constitu'ioo. Ills belief was that it was the form of government suited for this wools ; his belief was that, not a balance of forces, but a combination of forces, brought about by a monarchy, an aristocracy, and a democracy ac'ing together, produced as much of liberty and of happiness, as great a development of talert, as great an encouragement to the practice of both rel'gious and moral virtues, as any constitution that the world ever exhibited had pro duced. Sts belief was that, by adopting the scheme of the hon. gentleman, as explained by the hon. member for Man chester, they would risk all these blessings. (Hear, hear.) He did nut think that, with a House of Commons chosen by universal suffisge, in equal or nearly equal districts, they would long have peace in that house ; snd if they had peace in that house, by an overwhelming majority, cirryinff mea sures of a democratic nature, they would not keep to her mony with the other two powers of the state. (Hear, hear.) In framing the Reform Bill, as he had aired, stated, they kid sought to adopt the rt presentatien of that house to the other powers of the state, and to keep it in harmony with the constitution. That object, after seventeen years, they bad obtained—they had obtained gradual and pre gressin measures of reform without convulsion, without fear or risk of bloodshed. If the went on in the same course other measures would, no doubt, be adopted by parliament, which, being in harmony 1 1 with the opir.ion of the pecyle, would pus into law in a coo -1 stimti mat manner, and without any interruption of the coo ' stitution. !Hear.; I pray you, therefore—said the noble lord in conclusion—is the name of that constitution, not to adopt the proposition now before the house, but to give it a decided negative; and by so doing I believe you will be con sulting the interest, as I am firmly convinced you will b, moulting the wishes and opinions of the poop's. ( .. The sable lord sat down amidst loud cheers from the opposition bamsbes.) Mr. OSBORNE rose amidst loud cries for a division. He said that it hon. gentlemen wish d to divide he would not take up the time of the house. He did not think it could have escaped the observation of the members on hie side of the house, as he wss confident it would not estop the °im itation of the people of this great country, that the opposition to the motion of his hon. friend had not proceeded from those who were regarded as the hereditary enemies of reform, but, with one exception, from those who occupied the position Of ministers on the treasury bench. (Hear, hear.) And it was a remarkable feet that those gentlemen who came into power on the shoulders of his hon. friends, now stigmatised slant as men of narrow and confined mitds (hear, hear)-- sad violated three principles which they held when in oppeo Aden. (Hear, hear.) An hon. gentleman, who spoke from behind the noble lord, and who seemed to he qualifying himself for the treasury bench the hon. member for Cambridge nude the speech, not of a spe cial pleader, but of a sped ell constable— (laughter)—for his whole argument was derived from the 10th of April, which was now used up, and should never more be mt n tinned. The last speech they had heard was a melan choly exhibition. (Laughter.) It was a melancholy till bition for the noble lord, to whom the hon. mem ber for Bradford alluded as being designed by Ood and nature as the natur leader or the le. He thoueht the hon. gentleman would b e low in clined to retract that monition, and would no longer consider that the noble lord was designed to be the natural leader of the democracy in this country. ( Hear. ht ar.) What wen the arguments of the noble lord ? He merely appealed to the conservative fears of the old women of this country. (Laughter.) He said that the national debt was to be attacked. What did the uoblo 100 say himself respecting the national debt in his fa mous work on the constitution ? In that book he said that the eonatitati wss never flied; hut row he said it wee a Bud and venerable constitution. The noble lord said that the national debt was the cause, of the great tuition which pressed oa the country, and that never under any despotism was such an amount of taxation known as in this country. If, therefore, a &valeta way to be established ►y this country it must begin by the destructi si of the national debt. Bat it might be imagined that as the redue• . ien of rise. was meet popular the people would c..nsent to part with their liberty on t►e terms of the abolition of the national debt The noble lord appealed to the lean of those sensitive pe the fundholdere, as if his ►on, Weed was not as much in. terestid in maintaining public credit u the noble loid hint. self. (Hear.) This was but a week invention of the enemy. The nob'e loud hod said that his hon. friend the memb-r for ►lsnchater was a man of narrow mird, because, fersosth, he undertook to criticise the compoiition of the noble loro's eahioet. But was it not notorious that the whig aristeermey had been always, in reality, more anti liSeral than the tory i,torraey of this realm? The speech of the noble lord, so far from having any effect on the motion o' his hon. friend, would tend materially to strengthen it. (Hear.) The noble lord bad called hie boo, friend, and other free-traders in that house, men of narrow and ccntrac•ed minds. He would therefore say to them, let the country see that sou art determined to make a stand—separate youreelv, • from the party who have shown such incapacity and want of energy. and take that place which your talents and yo-r prwitioe entitle you to. Such was the advice he tendered to his Eon. friends, and sure he was that they would be supported by pubic feeling out of doors. (dear.) Tee soli@ lard nicht then declaim to empty benches, whilst they would beearried into power on the shoulders of the people. Mr. P. WOOD ate amidst loud aka for a division thatße said those gentlemen who were so anxious for a di vision ought to be satisfied that so little time was taken up in discussing the question of triennial parliaments and th e ballot, but they ought t pay some attention to the present abject, which was a most important one, and excited c m eliorable attention amongst a large portion of the pee-,.1e. (Hear.) Whether they had pot four or fire miliioss pre senting petitions or m.t on this subject, they could not ignore their existence. (Hear.) He did not mean to say that this querion excited intense interest areongst every one of these 4 or 6 millions; but he knew—and they had formid. able Drat of it—that many hundred' , of thousands had feel ings far too sensitive not to feel their inferior condition, and minds for too acute to take impatience or a sneer f.r argu ment. (Cheers.) It was most remarkable that none of those who spoke against the motion of his hon. friend had grappled with his arguments. (Hear, hear.) The argument used by the right honourable baronet (Sir G. Grey) and others was this, that the motion of his hon. friend was identical with the six points et the charter, whereas the fact wan that they were not only not identical, but were directly and diametrically °proud, and it was that differentia which led him to support the one, and to oppose the other. (Hear, hear.) The noble I , rd did not take precisely the same line, but he pursued a similar course, ter he took some par ictolsr passages in the speech of his hon. friend the member for Manchester and so distorted them that he made it &ppear that the object of his hon. friend and of the hon. member for Nottingham was the same. The language attributed by the nols!e lord to his hum. friend was that •• he had no respect for the constitution." But the words of his hon. friend were that he had n e re Teel fur such a constitution is could not proceed without the aided' force and mulence He believed the present was a most oppor tune moment for settl in g the question of parliamentary reform. At a time of peace and quiet at home, and when demonstra tions had been afforded of the fidelity and loyalty of the great masses of the people, that saes the time to interpose, and not when there were lowering clouds abroad, and when they knew not how soon those clouds meted burst. There were, indeed, vast quentities of infiAnenable matter in the country at present. Therefore, let hon. members be wire in time. Lot them not wait for agitation, but let them carry their reforms into effect without delay. (Hear, hear.) The noble lord at the bead of the go vernment admitted that he was prepared to produce an extension of the suffrage ; but why not produce it now ? (Cheers.) The hest moment for d doe so would have been immediately after the demonstration of the 10th of April, but the next bat time was now, bee suse cue of the strocgest reasons for bt ieging forward a measure of the kind was furnished by the tranquillity of this country compared with that of France. Why were we ere. quilt Should we have been tranquil in February In t, if we had not passed the Reform Bill ? Should wo have been tranquil if the corn laws had not been repealed ? (" Hear," and cheers.) But were there still no dr ngers ? Were there no large classes disaff cted portons in the country ? Nay, more—were than not s Lae reveal on the side of order Isle February and Id arch who sympa thised with the disaffected? There were. He beliemd there were hundreds of workmen,imploy.d not far from that house, who declared rat that time that they would protect property, but that they would not he sworn in as sp.cial constables that they would not ace sgain4 their clad (Hear, hear.) This was a formidable tact. One gentleman had brought 500 men, friends of order, who declared that the people were of their class, ar.d that though they would not jo:n them, they would root move against them. The hon. member concluded, an.idst signs of great impatisne., and loud erste of "dulls," by declaring it to be his intenuon to vote fur the anion. Mr. HUME said he had only to observe that is not one of his statements with respect to the inequality of the present reprieentative system had been noticed by those who op posed his motion, he should not feel called upon to moke any reply to the speeches which had been made from the treasury bench. The house then divided. The number+ were— For the motion ....... 82 Against it HEAL= OF TOWNS (SCOTLAND) BILL On the motion of the Loan ADVOCATE, the following gentlemen were appointed a sel• ct alumni:tee on the above bill :—Tbe Lord Advocate, Mr. Hanky, Mr Craig, Mr. bl'Gregor, Mr. Loch, Viscount Drumlanrisr, Colonel Mure, Mr. Archibald Hastie, Mr. Oswald, Mr. M•Neill, Sir John Hope, Mr. Elwaril El'ice, Mr. Stuart Wortley, Sit Henry Davie, and Mr. Ale:lndia.. Matheson. The Silver Coinage Bill was read a second time. The Report upon Supply was brought up and aireed to, and the house adjourned at half-past 12. PARLLIMBNTARI DIVISION HOUSE OF COMMONS. NATIONAL REPRESENTATION. Mortox made, a*:d quettion pmlxn•d,—" That leave be given to bring in a trill to amend the national r prrAentatioit, by extending the k et i ve r eg n e btee, was to include all boureholders ; by enacting tha• "e 3 .halt b e tet t e,. by hallo; that the duration of parliamen a ahall not exceed d i ne year•. ani that the apportionment of re pretiehta ivea be rendered more equal to t►e population."—;Mr. b 2 ; Noes, 21A NOES. Adore, Viscount Forgo*, J. Morison, Sir W. Aneey, T. C. Ferguson, Sir R. A. Mostyn, He. E. M. L Arehdall, Capt. IL Elmer, Sir E. Mulitrave, Lid of Arkwright, o. Ida Patrk k,Rtlin.J. Mulling*, J. R. Arundel and Barney, FloTer, J. Mundy, W. Earl of Fordyce, A.D. More, Col. usury J. nom h, P. Napier, J. Buller, J., Inn. Fresno, C. IL Necid, J. Sahli., M. T. rialway, The. Newdepte, C. N. Ballade, E. H. Babel!, J. M. :emboli. lit. Hon. J. Baring, Sir V. T. Gladstone, Rt. Un.W. Ogle, S. C. IL Baring. T. Gordon, Adm. Oswald, A. Barringtoa,VisCount Goulburn, Rt. nn.lL Owen, Sir J. i e'.lpw, R. M. Grace, O. D. J. Paget, Lord A. Benet!, J. Graham, Sir J. Paget, Lard C. Bennet. P. Granby, Marq. of Pakinpon, Sir J. Elentinek, lard H. Orroall, G. Palmerston, Vise. Bereifoid, W. Grey, sir 0. Parker, J. Berkeley, Hon. Capt. GrcY. R. W. Patten, J. W. Birch, Sir T. B. Grogan, E. Pact, Itt. Hon. Sir R. Mona% S. W. Grosvenor, Lord R. peel, F. Blair, 8. Guest, Sir J. P. 1311/Mt, Hon. Cel. Blakemore, R. Hale, R. B. Piowdin, W. 11. C. litandford, Mary. of Halfurd, Sir U. Plumptrc, J. P. Boyle, Ilea Colonel Hallyburton, ltd. J. Portal, yit, lirmanta, T. W. Hamikon, G. A. Powlett Lord W. Breini idp, IL Harcourt G. 0. Frit—, Sir it. Broadley, H. Harris, lln. Capt. Pugh, D. Bromley, R. Ha a ea, B. Reid, Col. Brooke, Lord Hay, Lord J. Iteptoo, G. W. J. Broke, sir A. B. Hater, Rt. Ho. W. Iticr, E. It. Bruce, C. L. C. Heald. J. !Deli, 11. Buller, S.r J. T. Heathoote, 0. J. Richards, R. Banbury. E. IL Hemage, G. U. W. Rotorua, •r, J. A. Burke, sir T. J. Heiteage, E. Romilly, Sir J. Burrell, sir C. M. Henley, .1. W. Boiroureo, li. N. Herbert, Rt. 11n. S. rta l a e ir,, i ' 11 - M. Boat lid, W. Hervey, Lord A. Russell. lion. E. S. Boston, Sir E. N. Ilildyard, It C. Rutherford, A. Campbell, Hon.W. P. Uildyard, T. B. T. Sandars, G. Cardwell. L. Hill, Lord E. Sander*, J. Castlereagh, N'ireount Hoblioure, Sir J. Seymour, Sir IL Cavendish, Hon. C.C. Hood, Sir A. Seymour, Lord Cavendish, Hon. G.H. Hope, A. Shed, Rt. Hog. R. L. Cayley R. 8. Horoby, J. Simeon, J. Chaplin, W. J. Uotham, lord Blaney, B. A. Maven*, Woe. P. Howard, laud E. Smith, Rt. Hon. R. V. Chichester, Lord J. L. Howard, lin.C. W.O. Smith, J. A. Childers. J. W. Howard, Sir It. Smith, M. T. Ching. S. Inglis, Sir R. U. Smyth, J. G. Clernents, Hon. C. IL Jennyn, Earl Somerville, bit W. M. Clerk, RI. Hon. Sir G. Jervis Mr J. Spooner, R. Clive, Hon. R. H. Johnstone, Sir J. Stanley, E. Clive, IL B. Jones, Captain Stanley, Hon. E. H. Cubsuld. J. C. Key/eel, Hun. 0. T. Btatisneid, W. It. C. Cocks, T. 8. Kerriron, Sir F. Stauton, W. 11. C,odrirgton, Sir W. Enos, Colonel Stuart, Lard J. Cole*, H. B. Labouebere, Ilia IL Stuart, J. i Sl o o i r:ille i ll. C. I..ey, IL C. Sutton, J. 11. N. Langston, J. R. Talbot, C. R. M. Corbafj, Y. E. Law, Hon. C. E. Talfourd. Mr. Serj. Cowper. Han. W. F. Legit, 0. C. Taylor, T. F. Craig, W. 0. Lewis, Hon Sir T. F. Thesiger, Sir F. Crowder, R. B. = 2, C. Thompson, Mr. Ald. Cubits, w. Viscount Tot emache,lloa. F. J. Currie, 11. Lincoln, Earl of Tolleinaehe, J. Dalrymple, Capt. Littleton, Un. E. W. Towne:ey, J. Davies, L. A. 8. Loch, J. Townley, It. G. Daemon, Hen. T. V. Lockhart, A. E. Turner, G. J. Denim W. L okbart, W. Vane, lord H. Denloon. F.. long, W. V. nor, Sir W. Denison, J. E. Lopes, Sir 11. Verney, Sir H. Diet. G. Lowther, Hon. Col. Vesey, Hon. T. Dater% B. I.4g e o n o ft , g Hon. General Villiers, Viscount Dad, J. W. Men. Sir E. Villiers, Hon.F. W. C. Douglas, Sir C. It. Mogan, W. H. Vtae, R. IL R. H. Drumlaarig, VW. Mahon, Viscount Duff, G. 5. Miutland, T. tadpole, S. . Duff, J. Manna*, Lord C. S. Wab.h, Sir J. B. Durida4, Admiral Masterman, J. Welby, G. E. Bond" 0. Matheson, J. Wellesley, Lord C. Dunne. F. P. Matheson, Col. Williams, T. P. Du Pre, C. 0. Mauls, Rt. Hon. Fox Williamson, Far H. Ens.. SDI. B. Maxwell, Ilan. J. P. Wil-on, J. Ebrington, Vise. Melgund, Viscount Wood, Rt. Hon. Sir C. Edwards, H. Maus, Sir 0. Watley, lit Hon.J.S. Fn. rt n, W. T. Mlles, P. W. S. Wrightson, W. B. &tenon, J. B. B. Mika W. Evan-, W. Morrell. W. TELLER% Farnham, E. B. Moody, C. A.- Tu'nell, H. Poser, J. MAXSIan, 0. TU.!, Lord H. AYES. Adair, H. E. Mann, Rt. Ho. T. M. Nebel', Copt. Adak. H. A. Granger, T. C. Pilkington, J. Agil•nay, IL A. Greene, J. Reynolds, J. Alm-k, T. Hankaitle, J. A. Sulam,. Col. Andaman, A. IlArris, R. Schaedeld, W. Ara strong, B. B. %molars, T. E. Smith, J. B. Boa., HA'. Hairy, A. Smythe, Hon. G. Berkeley,Hayworth, 1.. Somers. J. P. Bourns, H. E. P. Hadgm, T. L. Wieland, SIT G. Mei; I. ilulaPherY. Mr. A. Stuart, Lord D. Brotartos, 1. Lakoon, W. 'Mantel, H. W. Callaghan, U. Keogh, W. Thoustem. Col. Clay, J. Nersh.w, J. Thomson, G. aai, Sir W. King, Ha. P. J. 1.. Tbanely, T. t oban, R. Ltehit.gion, C. Trslaway, J. S. Cahalan, A. J. E. It'Gregor, J. Vila's, lion. C. Colltaa, W. Mannuall W. Waitaki, air J. -.. Currii, a. Nara., i• T Wawa, a. T. Daiiiimod, 0.8. Milner, W. M. E. Wm bead, J. P. Damormix, J. T. Moran, O. Wilkox. b. 11.01iie Inlynammt, C.T. Wolesworth, Sir W. William., J. Duke, 0.7. Montt, F. Wiilyatim, IL Daman. 0. Mums, 0. F. Wilma. Si. O'Connell, J. M Emma, tit Do Lag O'Connell, M. Wood, W. P. Evart, W. I 'Connell, M. I. Fiilialti ‘ Wi O'Connor , F. F.m, W. J. Osti woe, R. Pittston, Co'onel 1 moon, C. MULL Hume, J. Berkeley, IL Vu '4I4)VOIS. OUTGOING MAILS. The mails Ihr Vigo, ()pinto, Lirbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, will be made up on the morning of the 7th of June. The malls, via Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Ceylon. India, Hong-Kong, ti., will be made up on the evening of the tth June. Mans for British North &warm and the tolled State, will be made up on the evening of the Bth of June. Mr Weet ladle exeludina unto:sada. , omiursa, Now Orlear.s, and Btectro, an 4 including these tot iiiuteirs, St. Jem441,0-Nieitragus, New l;.enada, and Pun, wil. w made up on the morninn of the I th Jane. The mails tot Gibraltar, Malta, Gross, Lae lonian Island', Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Itonst-tiong, and Chino, via Southampton, will ee ".de no on the 20th of Jane. The mails to Modena, the Brazils, and Buenos Ayres, willbe made upon the ensuing of the 4th of July. MGR WATER AT LOWDON 111111101/. Tan Das —llarybar. An Isla. past 1 . Atter... at =W. but A. Ta./gauals—Nasslap. AS IRMA past 2. Atatmasa. 12 WA. rat L LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6. THE House of Commons will not reform ies4f. Whip, Peelite., and Protectionists, at loggcrh"ads en other points, and amieb:y intent upon tripping each other's heels, are unanimous on this. Like the mutineers of Jerusalem when besieged by TITUS, the children and champions of realm, ntary corruption make a truce for the time and unite to repel the assault of their common enemy—the Reformers Well, if the House of Commons will not reform itself, other bands must be got to do the work. Parliament will nut extend the her:claw, and unless the franchise b 3 extended it is out i f the power of t.".e ettp'e to send members to parliament who. will set about financial reform, and other improve ' manta equally urgent, in earnest. It would be sneer waste of time for the people to petition the Howie of Comments to grant an extended suffrage—es well might the early Christiaes hive Fetitionea the silver smiths of Ephesus to put down the worship of Diana. " By this craft"—the making, and supporting, and opposing parties in parliament—those gentlemen "have their living." io ask the scions of the anis vracy—whig, Pce`ite, or protectionist—or their puldical lacquies, to reform the Horse of Cum ' mono, is to ask them to abolish sinecure', and what are worse than sinecures, offices in which they are paid for doing mischief—is, in other words, to a-le them to take the bread out c f iheir own mouths. But, though parliament wilt not grant the franc' ise to the people, the people can take it to themselves In the counties the electoral qualification is, in point of fict, little more than a nominal one. The Birmingham Land Association has shown how, by combining to pur chase land at a wholesale price, Cis. freeholds can he brought within the reach of every industrious me chanic or labourer. Tae villagers and townsmen; scattered throughout our count es may all make them selves electors before the time comes round for choosing a new parliament ; and this folco of self enfranchised men, united to the liberal minorities in the existing conetituenciee, will be found mere than a match for the trading politicians among the arist terocy I and their dependents. It is cut of the power of the anti-reformers to coubtetai t such a movement. They will not cut up their estates to make Gr rni fide ft co held, ; they cannot increase the number of their serfs who are contented with being tenants) at will; and they cannot find tools in sufficient number whom they can trust with fictitious freeholds. It is useless to waste time in helding meetings to make speeches about the de s'rehlenees and necessity of extended suffrage, and to frame and sign petitions which will be carried from the table of the House of Commons to come lumber-hole, whence they will in due time be extraef ed and sold to the tallow-chandle rs. There is work to be done : mere talk is a superfluity or worse. Every county and pollir.g district. must have its "qualification society" to collect and manage the subscriptions of members desirous to blcome 40s freeholders; to purchase estates which can be sub divided into 404. freeholds, and allotted to members in their order of priority ; and to attend to th 2 registra tions. The middle class re'ormers in the manufacturing districts have a growing conviction that the only sure path of progress u through the 40s. fie tholds, that the only way of react :fully breaking dowa the I=B. sire and abused power et the aristocracy is by the people entering within the el etoral pile by the 40e. gate. This plan is rapidly growing in favour with the mechanic clans. The feeling is not confined to one part of the kingdom; it is s,)..litan ously and hiroul teneously developing Lself in a t.unibtr of widely dis tant localities. The Freehold Land Societies are already sufficiently numerous to warrant the expecta tion that a meeting of delegates from them will be held in Birmingham or London in the autumn to report progress, form a get cral union, and emetre measures for making the movement national. Whoever takes the trouble to analyse political power, with a view to discover its constituent ele ments, will find it resolve itself into two irgrc dieres, public opinion and realised prop' ry. Public opinion invariably determiner, in the long run, the institution's and modes of administration in every country. Where the mass of realised l r po rty is coneentra•ed in a limited number of proprietors, animated by views antagonistic to those entertained by the mass or society, they may for a time stem the current of public opinion ; but only for a time, and the period daring which their resistance is successful is unite - mly characterised by turbulence and social suffering. Ecclesiastical reformation made no progress in this country until the wealth of the church was transferred to the laity ; political freedom was a thing unknown until the enterprise and indus try of the untitled landed gentry anl the mercantile class had caused their aggregate wealth to exceed that of the peerage and the court. The reform bill of 1831-32 was carried because the growing propery of the ten-pounder class had already transferred to it the reality of political power. The latter at salons of the unreformed parliament legislated essentially the same spirit as the mesons of the reformed parlia ment which have since been held. The only difference has been that the ten-pounder parliaments have done spontaneously and quietly what their immediate pre decessors did under compulsion. It is on the belief diet a further transfer of the bulk of realist d prope. ty is taking plane that we rest our hopes—and they are pretty confident—that we are on the eve of a large ex.ension of popular political power. The middle and lower classes have discovered that by saving and investing their savings in real property they can acquire not only substantial pee sessions bat political power. And at the very tame that this discovery is in the progress of being made, we see the Duke of BUCKnNGUAM and not a few others of the aristocracy, titled and untitled, obliged to bring their real property to the hammer. The balk of the noel , ntl prepe ty is by a gradual, peace able, and equitable precesr, passing from the hated, of the few into the hands of the many, and political power must of necessity piss along with it. The elements of public opinion and accumulated proLerty are about to act in harmony. And no one who looks without bias or prepossession at the signs of the times can entertain a &sub: that the Freehold Land Societies are destined to be an important instru neat in bringing about the change. Let us remodel the constituencies by the augmentation of the number of bond fide forty shilling freeholds, and the comple mtnttry reforms of more equal electoral districts, secret votiog, and short parliaments, will be of easy attainment. Ma. MACREADS has arrived in England by the Hibernia. Despatches were r.c-i Tel vesterdav, at the Colonial eel from the Ci wertvr-Gene;rl of Clear* and alio from the Governors of N.A.. Scotia and New Brunswick. THE UNITED STATES. In addition to the 'libel-n'B, whose arrival at Li verpool was re portc I 3 citerday, the American Ocean Mail Company's steamer, Washington, arrive,l off Cowes psterdsy afterno •n, en route to Bremen. Her 'nails end palpengers ti.r England and France were transhipped into a small steamer, and conveyed to Southampton. The NV ashington left New York rn the 21st of May, and consequently the intellige: she brings is of one day earner date than that convey. d from tte Fame city by the Hibernia, which brought New York papers dated the 22nd of May. Oar correspnndont gives the particulars of THE INUNDATION AT NEW ORLEANS AND THE FIRE AT ST. LOUIS. NEW YORK, MAY 22 "Order reigns" in New York. Since my last, no more disturbances have ditcampred our nerves or in tcrtu, ttel our quiet. Previous to his departure from Baton, Mr. Mseresdy, through some friends there, publish( d a card, in whivh he fully exculpates liMmelf from even the suspicion of baying had anything to do with the Opera House riot. So far from it, he was quite indispoe;d to appear at all, and would not if he had consulted his own feelings. On the other hind, Mr. Forrest has sank in the estimation of the judi cious, aid his own engagement at the Br. away Theatre was a complete failure. Indeed, he did not conclude it; and it is probable that he will never again have an audience of any size to witness his p rfermencee. It is said be imecediately re paired to his country seat on the Hudson, and discharged all his workmen who were completing his stveneoeered residence. The city authorities showed such determina'ion to prevent any further outbreak, that no farther a'tempt was made by the mob to attack the building, which, for various causes, had become eo " disgracions" in their eyes. But, while one excitement has gone by, others have arisen. The cholera has been traversing th line of our western river, carrying off large num bers of persocs, and threatening to extend its ravages. Our own city, during the last week, was thrown into contusion by the announcement of the arrival of the diseate among us, in a locality which tas long been the terror and disgrace of the town. There is a cer tain place where, by the intersection of a number of streets, five points ate mode, end hence tee fact has become synonymous with the name. Here, in rows of miserable buildings of every kind, with cellars end sub-cellars, far below the reach of sun or air, are clustered drinking end dancing rooms, apartments for night lodgers ' brothels, and negro shops, occupied by thousands ef the dirtiest and most depraved of our population, where robber'es and murders are frequent, and where the unwary are en trance to their ruin. No words of mice seen express .11, condition of these residences, if such a term may be shed, or the scones which occur there by day and by eight. Afe or days since it was disc meted that some sudden deaths bad metered there by cholera. Tre faculty disagre e as to the character of the al cease, but quite a r died with the usual symp toms and pre moreeories. A large number was found huddle.' together in one of these duck, damp, and pestiferous apartments below ti c ground, some were dead, some were dying, and all were e ittiout food or bed clothing. The authorities removed the sick ts a temporary hoepital, and dr-eve out the survivors. The place was cleamed and disinfectee. We had two new cases yesterday, hut the alarm seems to have sub ides!. lint the rumours had the effect for a time to 'unapt, business, and to cease the most gleemy sppechensions. While this was affecting the public mind, news reached us that a breach had occurred in the levees, which keep out the waters of the Mississipi from the plantations around New Orleans, and the city itself. It began to be feared that the whole town would be inundated, it not dst Dyed. The water had already reacted some parts of it, and the inhabitatite were changing their quot rs. The wily remedy was that used on such ocemeone, to call out the whole foree of the el eve population, sled cot them at smile in driving pees, filling up eitle brush wood and with earth. eh° last rumour was to the effect that the seen use 'was increasing, argil that the city could re ceive much farther injury. The relations of New Orleans web New Yerk are such that injury to teat city, is injury doue to this. It is to be hoped that we have beard the worst. It is, however, un doubtedly true that valuable crops of tobacco have bee n ire parable , injured. Our telegraphic dee etches yesterday from New Orleans are of an alarming characte r. About 300 houses were surrounded by water, and thousands of acres adjoining cove:flowed. The levee tied net been there' up, though thousands of workmen were busy in the oetempt. In short, the most fearful anticipa tions seemed about to he re uhr;,d. I refer you for particulars to papers sent by this steamer. I cannot well node...teed how far they tiny he interesting to your re tlers. We in this cowry pore ever your local sewn with undiminishing at tention. While this melancholy news was coming to us by telegraph, we we re ustewided ts hear that the city of S. Lem& destired to hccome the greatest inland city of Amulet, was niee ty de trey.el Ly fire. On the evening of the 17th inst., a steamer called the White Come named after seine Indian chief, took fire at the head of the lauding, the wind blowing a gale from the role h e•.'. It seen communicat dto others ice the virinity, add in a dime time twenty six others took fire, and tee while were destroyed. From those the flames spread to the warehotees and stems, and were not quenched Ilea., the next day, but tot before ono half of the riceeet part of the city was destroyed. For more than a mile in eet.set along the river. and about half a mile back front it, every thing combustible was destroyed. Among the buildings lost were five banking houses, dine newsparer establishments, every insurance dike, and the wheete number swept away was 300. Many lives were lost, and the value of the property annihilated is estimate d at five mil -1.'6011 of dollars. The value of the steamboat props ley is estimated at more than half a million of dollars. The insurance effected is comparatively small. On the very same day the flout jailing city of Milwankie in Wisconsin, was also in flames, and buildings and property worth 60,000 de liars were also destroyed. But my list of calamities is not yet concluded. On the very same night of the same day that St. Louis and Milwankie were on fire, and New Orleans threaten( d with destruction by water, one dour large and el. gent steamers, the Empire, plying between this city and Albany, was ran into by a schroecr under sail, and received so mach damage that she sank in a few minutes. She was loaded with pas sengers, many of whom had retired to their berths for the night. Fortunately another s'esincr was near, and coming alongside, rescued all those wbo were ale to reach the upper-deck. Many of the passengers who in their terror eai thrown themselves overboard, were picked up by bean; from the share, while others wets lost. The number who perish, d has not yet been fully ascertained, and will not be until the vessel is raised. The Hudson River ie crowded with vessels, and though it is deep and wide, yet to navigate it with steamers 300 feet long, moving at the rate of 20 miles lan hour, requires *kill and courage. A well-known pilot, belonging to the steamer Isa.c Newton, of whom I was making some inquiries on this subject, said to me: " Sir, you know not what a load there is at my heart when I know my vessel hes on board four or five hundred of the best people of the land, and I have to find nay way in a deck night around the se points and through those highlands. No man can tell how I feel when I think of this as I stand at the wheel, straining my eyes to mark the headlands he , and to catch the distant leghtse' COLONIAL. BRITIS'i NORTH AMERICA. CANADA.—There is nothing of moment from this province. The antagonist parties have fallen back upon the cocstitutioncl and customary practice of holding rival meetu ga and voting antagonistic addressee. The opposition seem bard pressed for a decent show of 'public demonstrations. They make as much of a burning in effigy by a parcel of school boys as of a public meeting, and record at length tne adjourned meetings of acme Scotch club to deliberate whether a ft er expelling Lord Elgin, they ought to refund his subscription. The final result of their de liberations was a resolve to keep the money " t would be uncivil to offer it bat." 4 gentlemen have all along been aux. igirsZ, , f to hurt Lord Elgin's feelings that ill pt .;a ; I of delicacy cannot fail to be duly appery -- /r ii eli C 7 • • \rA ,' :11 ; . r VI i t • • ' 11.- ' i 1: ' l'! *,! l i' .1 1 I! ' ~ I, • t i , , 1 I 1 1 I