The Express. — London, England, 1862-05-01 00:00:00

ppgaMiNimolm LATEST INTELLIGENCE. INTERVENTION IN AMERICA. The Independence Beige gives the following from its Paris correspondent :—" The news which I sent you yesterday respecting the project of an inter vention by France and England for the re-establish ment of peace in America is confirmed to-day in the most absolute manner ; and I have reason to believe that the project will very soon be made known officially to the public. It is said that certain conditions will be imposed on the South having for their object the gradual emancipa tion of the slaves. lam assured that in order to generalise the measure for the abolition of slavery, France and Spain have made a secret treaty by the terms of which this unnatural institution would dis appear from Cuba in a short time." RUSSIA. Advices from St. Petersburg state that on the 29th April, the anniversary of the Emperor's birth, a political amnesty on a large scale was granted by the Emperor. GREECE. Letters from Athens, of the 25th of April, state that England has refused to receive the insurgents of Nauplia in the lonian Islands. The commander of the French corvette Eum4uide, on his part, in sisted upon their throwing their weapons into the sea before embarking, which was done. The 400 insurgents who remained at Nauplia have been sent to Tyrynthe. The Greek Minister of War is at Nauplia. The arsenal, which contained 30,000 per cussion guns, was found empty. The town and country are being searched to endeavour to recover at least some of them. It is currently reported that Prince Louis, the eldest son of Prince Luitpold of Bavaria, the brother and heir-presumptive of King Otho, has consented to embrace the Greek faith, and to accept the succession to the throne of Greece. Mona% rasaa►n.) THE CIVIL WAR IN AMERICA. NEW YORK, arm 18, EVINI/10. (Per City of Baltimore, sit Quesortown.) Southern accounts state that the Federal have attacked Forte Jackson and Phillip, which guard the approaches to New Orleans. The Richmond Despatch publishes a telegram from General Beauregard, stating that he was en trenched at Corinth, prepared to defy the Fedora* whatever numbers they might bring against him. President Davis is reported to be in command at Yorktown. The Confederates had made a sortie in strong force, with the object of turning the left flank of the Federal anny. General hiTlellan telegraphs to the Federal government that the Confederates were repulsed by General Smith. The Federal gunboats have shelled Yorktown without effect. General Banks has advanced to Newmarket, Federal accounts confirm the capture of Fort Pulaski, with 47 guns, and a quantity of ammuni tion, after thirty hours' bombardment. The loss on both sides was only one man killed, and three wounded. The Norfolk Day Book thinks that the French Minister's visit to Richmond is fraught with grave significance, and adds, " Thc South will not tole rate any diplomacy which places the Confederates beyond the pale of public law, and attempts in their waters to ignore their very nationality." This observation is supposed to refer to the Confederate flag not being saluted. The Confederates have been defeated at Apache Pass, near Saute I'd, New Mexico, by Colonel Slough. Their low amounts to 400 killed and wounded. The Merrimac remains at Norfolk, repairing damages caused by the bursting of her large gun. A great battle is anticipated at Rudes COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE, NEW YORK, Aram 18, Bvanto. Money easier : Gold I}. Exchange tending downwards, 1114 to 114. Stocks dull : New York Central, 84 ; Illinois, 611; Erie, 38i. Cotton very firm : Sales to-day, 1,000 bales ; middling Upland, 29 d.ds. Flour heavy, and 10c. lower ; wheat tend ing downwards ; corn heavy. Provisions quiet. Coffee dull. Sugar unchanged. Molasses steady. FRANCE. PARRS, MAT I. The Cmatitutionne/ of this morning states that General Goyon is shortly expected in Paris. The Paris journals publish letters from Vera Cruz to the 30th March, stating that fresh act of violence bad been committed by the Juarez government against the French. DISTURBANCES IN PORTUGAL. LISBON, APIUL 30, Evaerma. Disturbances have taken place near Oporto respecting the new taxes. Three hundred armed men attacked the collector's house, and burned hie papers. The disturbances were afterwards suppressed. THE PENINSULAR MAIL. SOUTHAMPTON, MAT 1. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Sultan, Captain Cook, has arrived here. She brings four paesengers, but no mails or cargo. The Sultan left Gibraltar on the 28th ult. The British barque Inkerman, bound from Shielda to Genoa, was run down by the Janua Coeli, on the 16th nit. The master and three of the crew were drowned. The brig Wynard put into Gibraltar on the 22nd ult., with loss of bulwarks, &c. The delivery of the new territory at Melilla to Spain, for the completion of the frontier demarca tion, was daily expected. Exchange and freights at Gibraltar are un altered. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (ism ova OWN 001 PARIS, WED2MBDAT EVINTIIO. The Corps Legislatif sat yesterday for the first time (for debating purposes) since the vacation. The proceedings commenced with a long discussion on the validity of the election of M. Palluel, the • government candidate lately returned for the dis trict of the Savoy. Some objection, founded on illegal pressure on the part of a mayor, were readily disposed of by the approved argument that the particular illegality pointed out, even assuming it to be true, bad not influenced a sufficient number of votes to make any difference in the general re snit of the election. But another ground of peti tion was admitted by the reporter, M. Caffarelli, to be serious, and it seems that the committee was much divided upon it. A M. Porraz complained that the prefect refused to allow him to stand as a candidate on the ground of an irregularity in the wording of the written oath of allegiance to the 'Emperor, which, by a recent law, every can didate must send in before he can become eligible. The law says that the oath shall contain THE EXPRESS, THURSDAY E VE NING, MAY 1, 1862. neither more nor less than these words :—" I swear obedience to the constitution, and fidelity to the Emperor." M. Pomo, after giving his name, address, and description, and stating that he wished to be a candidate for the vacant seat, said : In oonsequence, I swear," bo. The prefect was of opinion that these words could not be treated u surplusage, but insinuated a reason for taking the oath, whereas the intention of the legis lature was to preclude the possibility of any expla nation or qualification of the pure and absolute oath required being appended to it. The majority of the committee agreed with the prefect ; and, after a speech on the other side from M. Emile 011ivier, the election was declared valid without a division. It is fortunate that the question, which might have led to many disputes at the next general election, is now settled, since candidates, having their attention called to the subject, will probably take care to make no mistakes. When the above affair was disposed of, the annual vote for 100,000 recruits was brought for ' ward, and the proposal to reduce it by 20,000, which I told you would be made, was moved by Count de Le Tour, in a speech of considerable in terest. He thought 400,000 men too many in time of peace. He observed that last year 392,000 were thought enough, and that since then the army had been substantially augmented to the extent of 12,000 men, by the incorporation into the army of companies ,of "workmen" amounting to that number. If his propoeed reduction to 380,000 were granted, the army would still be as strong as it was with the nominal figure of 392,000 last year. Reviewing the state of Europe, he saw no ground for alarm in any quarter. Russia had reduced her army,Aneiria was talking of reduction; Prussia had sold off a great many horses, and had not now more than 250,000 men. The only enemy of France was the Italian revolution—[interruption on several benches)--but he had the greatest con tempt for that revolution. Italy would not attack France in Rome, because France was her only pro tector ; and if Italy were rash enough to attack Venice, it would be only a pleasant military 'pro menade for Gener►l Benedek to conquer the whole country. He afterwards made some severe stric tures on the French cavalry, on the ground that the men were chosen merely for their height, and that most of them knew nothing about horses before they enlisted. He would not say, although the Bpectateur dfilitaire wive the figures, how many horses were disabled at Iliolferino from the great weight and unintelligence al their riders. He was for augmenting the navy. He did not like the attitude of the English govern ment. Within the last three years England had increased the vote of seamen from 37,500 to 85,000, and the reason alleged was the prodigious armament made by France. Lord Palmerston had stated that France had 26 iron-plated vessels ; but could his lordship be ignorant that only 13 were finished, and of that number only six were fast ves sels capable of offensive warfare ? Thereat could not be finished in less than two or even three years, unless much larger credits were voted. He re garded the erroneous statements of Lord Palmerston as symptoms of a policy little favourable to France, and he thought proper precautions ought to be taken, and a reserve of seamen prepared ready for any emergency that might arise. He would con clude with remarking that three things were requisite to give the country confidence in the future —a firm and wise policy, economical financial management, and a good military organisation. (Hear, hear.) He alleged that whereas England had 85,000 effective sailors and 350,000 merchant minors to recruit from in case of need, France could only oppose to them 80,000 in aIL Dr. Henon, member for Lyons, said that the government now for the third time, in three con secutive years, proposed to call out 100,000 men in time of peace, and for the third time he and his friends asked that the number might be reduced to 80,000. He considered 100,000 men to be out of proportion with the actual amount of the popula- I lion. He thought it was high time for Europe to *ease keeping three millions of men under. arms. And who ought to set the example of disarming, if not France, the most warlike and most powerful nation i The immoderate armaments of France alarmed Europe. Let the army be reduced, and other powers would do the same. What had France to fear I Certainly not any foreign aggres sion. Russia had enough to do at home. Austria had Hungary and Venetia on her hands, and was not likely to attack France. As to Germany, there was no danger there. With regard to Eng land, it was necessary LI distinguish between the old oligarchical England of Pitt, Castlereagh, and Palmerston, always hostile to France, and that of Fox, Gladstone, Cobden, and Bright, with whom were the majority of the nation, and who well knew that a war between France and England would be as bad as a civil war, and like an eclipse of civilisa tion. (Hear, hear.) That last party preferred manufactures to rifled cannon, and workmen to volunteers. What prevented that party from being in the ascendant i Why, the excessive armaments of France. Let France disarm, then, and the peace party would triumph in England, and at the same time peace, industry, and liberty would triumph in France. The government measure was voted with only nine dissentient votes, M. Curd, the Marquis de Pierre, M. Javal, and Count Janvier de la Motto joining the five opposition members. Count de la Tour, notwithstanding his speech, voted with the majority. Lady Cowley had an evening reception last night—the first, 1 believe (on a grand scale), since the completion of the repairs which have so long been going on at the embassy. The Queen of Holland and Prince Napoleon and the Princess Clothilde were among the company. In the course of the evening the Pope's nuncio, Mgr. Chigi, gave his arm to the Princess Clothilde, to conduct her to the buffet, and they conversed for a long time together. This interchange of cour tesies was much remarked, but I am afraid no inference can be drawn from it of any change in the Pope's sentiments towards the father and husband of the young Princess. The embassy rooms, which are now very handsome, were suffi ciently well filled to present an animated appear ance, but were not inconveniently crowded. A • military band played in the garden during the wince. On the Bourse the Rente left off without the leant change in price, and there wan very little alteration in other securities, except the Gaits. Mires, which was in great favuur, and rose above 10fr. t closing at Mfr. 750. The Queen of Rolland (says GaWinans), accom panied by the Buenas de Pabst, lady of honour, Count de Mandwyck, grand master of her hbusehold, and the Viscount de LaferriCra, chamberlain to the Emperor, on Tuesday, visited the imperial printing-office. Her Majesty was received by M. Anse!me Petetin, the director,who presented to her the heeds of the different branches of the establish ment, and among them M. Mold, inspector of oriental typo graphy, who, being a native of Wuitembers, was before known to her Majesty. The different parte of the banding were visited in succeseion, the Queen taking the greatest intereit in what she Macebearer end Swordbearer of the City of Louden, receding The Right Mon. William Cubitt, the Lord Mayor of London. Clockerell, Esq., W. H. Twentyman, Esq., Sheriffs of London and Middlesex. Proddente of Foreign Commisaioes. Her Majeety's Commissioners for 1861, and Secretary. Her Majesty's Orenonaromes for the Exhibition of 1862, and Secretary. The Right Ron. the Earl Granville, E.G. His Grace the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. Bar C. Wentworth Nike, Bart. Thomas Baring, Req., M.P. Thomas Fairbairn, Biej. F. R. Sandford, Fwq., Secretary. The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Lando., Accompanied by the Rev. John Bipolar, M.A., the Archdesooo of Middlesex ; and the Rey. W. J. Irons, D.D., the Incumbent of the Parish. liar Majesty's lifinisters. 'Not being either COIIIMil4i01141“ for the Exhibition of 1862, or Special Commintionme far the opening.) The Right Ran. C. P. Villiers, President of the Poor-law The Right Hon. E. Caudwell:ohanoellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. The Right Ron. Lord Stanley of Alderley, Postnsastar --- Tie Right Hon. Thos. Milner Gibson, President ot the Beard of Trade. The Bight Hon. W. E. Gladstone, Chancellor of the Exchequer. His Grace the Duke ot Somerset, First Lord of the Admiralty. The Bight non. Sir C. Wood, Bart., G.C.8., Secretary for Ladia. The Right Hon. Mr o.Coraewall Lewis, Bart., Secretary of State for War. HisOrsoe the Duke of Newcastle, ILG., Secretary of State _ _ for the Colonies. The Right Hon. Earl Russell, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. The Right Hon. Mr G. Grey, Bart., G.C.8., Secretary of State for Home Department. Her Majesty's Special Commissioners for the Opening. Ma Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, K.O. Els Greco the Archbishop of Canterbury. The Bight Hon. the Lord Westbury, Lord High Chancellor. The Right Hon. the Earl of Derby, S.G. The Right Hon. the Viscount Sidney, Lord Chamberlain. The Right Hon. Viscount P►lmerston, LG., G. 0.8. The Right Hon. the Speaker of the Hoase of Commons. Royal Personages attending the opening. His Royal Highness the Prism Oscar of Sweden. His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Prussia. Gentlemen in attendance on Royal Personages. Pipers of the Soots Fusilier Guards. The procession, starting from the south centre of the Nave, proceeded by the south side of the Western Dome, where there was a throne and chair of state. _ -- After the National Anthem had been sung an address was delivered by the Earl Granville, K .0., chairman of the Commissioners for the Exhibition of 1862. This address was as follows : May it please your loyal laighnew sad my lords commis noners :—We, the commissioners for the !Exhibition of 1862, humbly beg leave to approach her Majesty through you, her illustrious representatives on this occasion, with the assurance of our devotion to her Majesty's throne and royal person. And first of all It is our melancholy duty to convey to her Majesty the expression of our deep sympathy with her in the grievous affliction with which it has pleased the Almighty to visit her Majesty and the whole people of this ream, in the death of her Royal Consort. We cannot forget that this is the anniversary of the opening of the first great International Exhibition eleven yeas ago by her Majesty, when his Royal Highness, as President of the Commis sioners of that Exhibition, addressed her Majesty in words that will not be forgotten. After stating the proceedinp of the commission in the discharge of their duties, he concluded with • prayer, that an undertaking " which had for its end the promotion of all branches of human industry, and the strengthening of the bonds of peace and friendship among all nations of the earth, might, by the blessing of Divine Providence, eon dace to the welfare of her Majesty's people, and be long remembered among the brightest circumstances of her Majesty's peaceful and happy reign." When we commenced our duties, and until a recent period, we ventured to look forward to the time when it might be our gnat privilege to address her Majesty in person this day, and to show to her Ma jesty within these walls the evidence which this Exhi bition affords of the soundness of the opinion originally entertained by his Royal Highness—evidence furnished alike by the increased exteet of the Exhibition, by the eagerness with which all dame of the community have sought to take part in it, and by the large expenditure in curred by individual exhibit." for the better display of their produce and machinery. We can now only repeat the marine. of our sympathy with her Majesty in that be reavement which deprives this inaugural ceremony of her royal prescato ; and whilst bearing mournful testimony to the loss of that invaluable assistance which his Royal High ness was so ready at all times to extend to us, we have to offer the Queen our dutiful thanks for the intermit evinced by her Majesty in this undertaking, by commanding your royal highness and your lordships to represent her Majesty on this occasion. Our respectful thanks are also due to their Royal High. nesses the Crown Prince of Prowls and Prince Oscar of Sweden, the Presidents of the commissions for these countries, for the honour which their royal highnesses have done us in coming to England for the purpose of attending' this ceremony. In the attendance of his Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Prussia, we recognise a cordial de ference to the wishes of our sovereign, and • tribute of affection to the memory of his illustrious and beloved father in-law. It now becomes our duty to submitto her Majesty • shark statement of the circumstances connected with the ream non of the scheme for holding • second great International Exhibition in this country, the necessary powers for cots ducting which were conferred upon us by the Charter of Incorporation graciously granted to us by her Majesty in the month of February, 1861. In the years 1858 and 1859 the Society of Arts, • body through whose exertions the Exhibition of 1851 in great measure originated, had taken preliminary measures fee the purpose of ascertaining whether • sufficiently strong feeling existed in favour of a decennial repetition of that great experiment to justify an active prosecution of the scheme. Although the runt was stated by the Society of Arts to be satisfactory, the out break of hostilities at that moment on the Continent near gaily put a stop to further proceedings. The restoration of peace in the summer of 1839, how ever, enabled the consideration of the question to be re sined, although at • period so late as to render it necessary that the Exhibitioe should be deferred till the present year ; and the Society of Arts obtained a deci sive proof of the existence of a general desire for a *mood great exhibition in the most satisfactory form, namely, the signatures to upwards of 1,100 individuals for various rams of from 1001. to 10,0001., and amounting ia the whole to no less than 450,0001., to a guarantee deed for raising the funds needed fur the conduct of the Exhibitioa. The Commissioners for the Exhibition of 1851, mindful of the source from which their property and their continued existence as • corporate body arose, and of one of their earliest decisions, that any profits that might be derived from that Exhibition should be applied " to purposes skis* is connexion with the ends of the Exhibition, at Ise Mr establishment of similar Exhibitions for the future," weir out hesitation placed at our disposal, free of all 46/11.1. • space of nearly seventeen acres on their Keosington Gore Estate, which was at first considered sufficient for the pur poses of the Exhibition, but to which at • subseq vent period • further area of upwards of eight acres (being all the land which could be made available for those purposes) was added on our application, when the original space proved to be insufficient. For this grant of • rite we have to express our thanks. To the Governments of Foreign States and of her Ma jesty's Colonies our acknowledgments are justly duo for the manner in which, with even greater unanimity than in 1851, they have responded to the appeal made to them to assist in this undertaking. In this cordial co-operation we find another proof that the time had arrived when a repetition of the Exhibition of 1851 had become desirable in the com mon interests of all nations. A similar tribute is due from us to those of her Majesty's 'objects who appear as exhibitors, or who have placed at our disposal many valuable works to illustrate the veriest' Usable of British Art, and in this respect our grateful tuella' are especially due to her Majesty. The arrangement and design of the building is such that the exhibited articles have been generally arranged in three great divisions : I. Fine arts, in the galleries especially provided for that department. 2 Raw materials, manufactures, and agricultural machi nery, in the main building and the eastern annexe. & Machinery requiring steam or water power for its effeetnal display, in the western sneeze. Within these divisions the classification adopted is in most respects similar to that employed in 1851, the British and colonial articles being kept separate from those sent by foreign countries, and each country having its own portion of the several departments allotted to it. The catalogues now presented by la for purpoes of submission to her Most Gracious Majesty will be found to contain all the necessary particulars respecting the articles exhibited. In the selection and arrangement of many of the more important Wenches of the Exhibition we have been mate rially assisted by the cordial co-operation end advice of persona of all ranks is various local, clam, trade, and other committees, whose services we gratefully acknowledge. Following the principle adopted in the case of the Exhi • bition of 1861, we have decided that prizes, in the form of mediae, shall be given in all the dames of the Exhibition, except those in the Fine Arts Section; such medals, bow ever, being of one kind only, namely, Rewards for Merit, without any distinction el degree. Those medals will be awarded by juries appointed far the several dusts, and composed of both British and foreign members. We are happy to be able to acquaint her Majesty that heap maims have seleoted pawns of high diMinctio in seissiseend industry to act as jurors ; and we have to bear Ineileeesy to the cordial rem:haus with which eminent meinufacturers of this wintry and other persons distin guished in the state, as well as is the various breaches of lames and art, have eouseated to serve as jams, and usespe the responsibilities and labour entailed upon them by so doing. We feel unwed that the eminence of the jurors, both Foreign and British, thus selected, will satisfy 6:Whiten that the objects displayed by them will be examined by competent as well as by impartial judges. It is certain that the meeting of so many leading men on each a duty, from all partial the world, mad exercise a favourable influence on agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, by disseminating valuable and peened information respecting the condition of science and in dustry in their several countries, as well as by making known to all that which they need, and that which they can supply. The articles now exhibited will show that the period tibial has slued since 1851, although twice interrupted by European wan, bas been marked by a progress previously unexampled, in science, art, and manufacture. It is our earnest prayer that the International Exhibition of 1862, now about to be inaugurated, and which it is our privilege to oonduct, may form no unworthy link in that chain of International Exhibitions with which must ever be connected the honoured name of bee Majesty's Illustrious Consort. To the foregoing address an answer was returned by his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, KG., on behalf of the Queen's Commissioners for opening the Exhibition. The procession then moved down the nave to the East Dome, when the special musical perfor mances commenced. The music, especially com posed for this occasion, consisted of a grand Overture by M. Meyerbeer, a Chorale by Dr. Sterndide Bennett (to wo rds by the Poet Laureate), and a Grand March by M. Anber. At the conclusion of the special music the proces sion advanced to the throne in the centre of the nave. A prayer was offered by the Bishop of London, and the Hallelujah Chorus and the National: Anthem were sung. His Royal High ness the Duke of Cambridge then declared the Exhibition opened. The declaration was an nounced to the public by a flourish of trumpets, and by the firing of a salute on the north aide of the Serpentine. The procession then visited the picture *alleries, and the barriers were removed. The military bands were those of the Grenadier, the Coldstream, and the Scots Fusilier Guards, conducted by Mr. Godfrey. CIVIC PROCESSION FROM GUILDHALL. Precisely at a quarter to 10 o'clock this forenoon the Lard Mayor's =liege, drawn by four home, reached the Guildhall, his lordship having been preceded by the sheet& and nadersheriffs, with their ladies, sod the gentlemen who bad been chosen to take part in the procession to the coca ina the Intern►tional Exhibition this day. By seed:nimble arrangement on the part of the commissioner of polio. aid Mr. Superintendent Hodgson, the distribution of the several carriages belonging to the procession was snob as not in the slightest degree to impede the ordinary business traffic in Chiapas and the Poultry, it being ordered that the carriages of the aldermen should be ready to join the *Nettled the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs from the western elide el king-street, those of the commoners, about forty in number (with their ladies), being stationed on the north side of Cheapside, up to the extreme western point of that thoroughfare. At half•past 10 o'clock precisely the pio swim began to move from the Guildhall in the following order : Two mounted Policemen. The City Marshal. Tits LORD MAYOR (attended by the Sword and Mace). The carriage of Kr. Sheriff Cotterell, and ladies. The dmage of Mr. Sheriff Twentvman. Mr. oder-Sheriff Gammon. Mr. Cockerell, jun. The Aldermen who have paned the chair (with their ladies) via. : Sir James Duke, Bart., Y.P. David Salomon', Eq., Y.P. Thomas Quested Finns. Eaq. The Aldermen who hays not phased the chair (and their lake) ma. : W. A. Ross, Fag. Thos. Gabriel, EN. J. J. Mechi, Eaq. Thos. Dakin, req. Robt. Begley, Eaq. Sills John Gibbing, Eaq. The commoners' carriages fell in in Cheapside, about 40 in number, the procession being flanked by a rear-guard of the City police. Several of the aldermen were attended by their respec tive beadles, carrying their maces of office. The prooanioa proceeded along Cheapside, Newgste. street, Holborn, and Oxford-street, to HYde-nark-conter, whence it passed into the park and along the gravel ride to the Serpentine-bridge, and thence to the western entrance to the Exhibition building in Prince Albert-road, being _ joined on its route by the Recorder, and several other civic active I Personages- The Honourable Artillery Company assembled this morning at hall-part 8 o'clock, in considerable force, at their headquarters, in the City-road, for the pur pose of proceeding to South Kensingtoo, in uniform or view order. The regiment furnished fa guard of honour, consisting of 1 field officer, 1 captain, 2 subalterns, 6 ser geants, 100 reek and file, and the band, which played merrily along the line of route. The Empress Enginie on Monday honoured the studio of M. Ingres with a visit. The celebrated painter has just finished one of his finest pictures, " Jam among the Doctors." MAN DAY AND TEM SWERPS. —This morning there was meraily any room in London for that ingenio . us class of memos who, under the general designati on of • sweeps," emitrive to maks • holiday of the in of May, and to levy contributions on the public. They were as a rale only to be found in retired districts which formed no part of the road to the Great Exhibition, sod were but very feeble repro/es. I tatives of the sweeps of by-gone yews. In the neighbourhood of Bromptonand Kensington stew appeared, but the thoughts of the people seemed beat on the Exhibition, and the sooty fraternity—always, by the way, scrupulously clean on May Day—seemed to meet with very little encouragement. Many foreigners who came into cootsot with the moveable Jacks-in.the.Green appeared to be profoundly astonished at the wonderful system by which such apparently lifeless bodies could have had such wonderful activity imparted to them, and upon the principle of Ornete ignotunt pro nsapni fro, rewarded to some slight extent the ladies and gentle men who politely extended the familiar loeg.handled spoor in which they are accustomed to receive their favours. SOCIAL AND RIILIGIOUB LIBInTY IN ENGLAND.— Mr. itehby Ashby, of Naseby Woolleys, Northamptonshire, who has recently become the owner of part of Naseby bat tle field, has turned Mr. floury Someton out of his farm— after his family had occupied it for 35 years—avowedly because ha Is a dissenter. Yet Mr. Ashby Ashby is mom dared to he of so ealighteoed and judicial • as to be entrusted with her Majesty's commission of the pesos for two mantis'. These things oan be done by the Euclid' gentry without lase of the esteem of their order ; and yet we pretend to lecture countries like Spain, it. which persecution is at least carried on according to fixed Mee and for public purposes. OPENING 01 TII INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION. THIS DAY. This day eleven years the Exhibition of 1851 — the first great international Exhibition the world ever saw—was opened with great pomp and cere mony by the Queen. By many it was thought that a new era of peace was to date from that day, with what disappointment to their anticipations the history of the intervening decade but too clearly re voals. Withoutspeculating,therefore,uponthemoral results of the present Exhibition, and dwelling merely on the present, let it suffice to say that the opening of the South Kensington building this day was everything that its most ardent promoters could have desired. The Ist of May, 1851, though a fine, was anything but a clear or genial day. To-day, on the contrary, the weather was superb— a gentle morning shower, sufficient to allay the dust—then warm, bright, and cheery. A sun that would have done honour to Midsummer paid his gratuitous contribution to the splendours of the occasion, and it is not too much to say, that to no personage or exhibitor has this great fête been so much indebted for the suocess and triumph of its inauguration. It is said that a heavy shower would have prevented certain "glorious days," which mark the epoch of revolutions. How much more would a bad day have spoiled the scenic effect of a ceremony to which, not the passions of strife, but the feelings of civic peace and international good-will and fellowship, were to induce the pre sence of spectators. Spectators accordingly assem bled in thousands, nay, in myriads, to take part le or to witness the days ceremony. The only . . - drawback to the universal feeling of joy and jollity - - - which pervaded the enormous mass of people who were congregated in and around the Exhibition building was that the " presiding spirit" who led the "revels of the May" this day eleven years was not there to grace it on this occasion. The doors of the Exhibition building were opened at half-past 10 o'clock, but long before that hour many thousands of visitors had already assembled and occupied the best stations. As the momenta rolled on the mass of people increased and rose like the rush of a mighty tide. Never, on any previous occasion, in our experience, was there snob a conflux of carriages—such a mass of people congregated within so limited so area as on this. It was Bishop Berkeley who said that the "tide of empire westward flowed." To -day it was the tide of pleasure that flowed in tliat direction. There never was such an invasion of the west before. All oriental London seemed to be either in cab, omnibus, or afoot ; and as for the return journey in the early part of the day, there was the most beggarly account of empty seats that could be seen—sutta rest gin re trorsum. So great was the pressure upon the main roads leading to the Exhibition that the vehi cles by 11 o'clock had to proceed at a snail's paw, and thousands of people, after vain exhortations to conductors and drivers to " move on, " preferred to sacrifice their fares, and to trust to the safer and, on this occasion, more expeditious locomotive of their own legs. This pressure began to be felt at the very beginning of Piccadilly, but it was at Hyde Park-corner, where the great mass of people and carriages converged from so many points, that the great contest forthe " right of way" took place. The efforts of the police to maintain order and to keep the spaces clear were ceaseless and most praiseworthy, but it was not in any human power—not even in that of the London polioe—to make a few thoroughfares ample for the v e hicular demands upon them this morning. The carica turist once represented Lord J. Russell's political carriage as "stopping the way ;" but this morning, instead of " stopping the way," his carriage, as it joined the Knightsbridge line from Chesham-place, was effectually stopped for some time, and not all the powers of foreign secretary ship could forme the passage. The state of things on the line within Hyde Park, which was kept by the Horse Guards, was much better, and there but little difficulty was experienced till the carriages got near the Exhibition itself. The experience of the day fully justified the predietiona of those who anticipated that the approaches wyuld not be sufficient to meet the demand upon them, although the arrangements for regulating the entrances and exits were admi rable, and the labours of the police indefatigable. The windows along the main line of Piccadilly and Knightsbridge were thronged with gay spec tators, and at various points flags were hung out. It being May morning, the very horses were deco rated with bright ribbons or green leaves, and many of the omnibus drivers wore the gay rosettes appropriate to the day. Even to the fraternity of sweeps it was more than the usual festival; for, in addition to the "Jacks-in-the-Green" with their motley aooom panimenta, were there not the funambuliats from France, brass bands from Germany, the serenaders from our Seven-dials " Ethiopia,' and the popular " Punch T' Everybody in fact seemed to " feel the gladness of the May," from the highest to the lowest. Never before did any display represent such national varieties and types. All nations and all climes seemed to be represented. The inha bitants of China, Japan, Persia, Turkey—men of all colours, creeds , and countries were brought together at this extraordinary confluence of races, realms, and religions. And lass for London proper, there pro bably never was an occasion on which it was so much abroad. It seemed " almost drunk with joy." Such a rolling, rambling, and rustling ; such a display of wealth and magni ficence, such multitudes, such masses, such a monster meeting and mixture of masculine and muliebrile humanity, was never witnessed in "London Town" before. Certainly in no other spot in the world could such a sight be presented, and it is one which will dwell for a lifetime in the memories of those who "were there to see." At half-past 12 o'clock the doors were closed until after the ceremony of opening, and atl o'clock the Queen's Commissioners—his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge, K.G., his Graoe the Arch bishop of Canterbury, the Lord High Chancellor, the Earl of Derby, K.G., the Lori Chamberlain, Viscount Palmerston, K G., G.C.8., and the Speaker of the House of Commons—entered the building from the Cromwell-road, their arrival being made known by a flourish of trumpets. Her Majesty's Ministers, the Foreign Commisaioners, and others taking part in the procession, who had been awaiting the arrival of the Queen's Com missioners in the South Central Court, now joined the commissioners, and a procession was formed in the following order : Trumpeters of the Life Guards in State Uniforms. Contractors' Superintendents. Decorator, Draughtsman, Surveyor. Superintendenta of Exhibition Arrangements. Her Maiesty's Commissioners Superintendents of Building Works. Contractors sad Architect. Council of Horticultural Society, and Secretary. Council of the Society of Arts, and Secretary. Deputation of Ten Guarantors of the Exhibition. Assistant Secretary to her Majesty's 0001111illii0110111for 1862. Secretary of Finance Committee. Finsocisl Meer. Members of the Building Committee, and Secretary. Species' 1 Commissioner for Jades, and Secretary. Chairmen of Juries. The Right Hon. Lord Trenton, President of the Council of Chairmen of Juries. . Acting ComraisWoOersfor Odewhes, Dependencies, ke. Foreign Actin Dowunierioners. The Lord Provoet of Glasgow. The Lord Mayor of York. The Lord Mayor of Dublin. The Lord Provost of Edinburgh. """I'nOPMI me giSINFI•IPMMIIIIMI Iw ' ligWajWilfriffl/PMIW THE POLICE COURTS. (THIS DAY.) •11111011110 • MR witscsairr. Charks Roe, aged 30, of 10, Hand-court, described as a law writer, was charged before Mr. D'Eyooourt with being drunk, and eroding a disturbance and making use of obscene language at the home of Mr. Hyman Joseph, a Clty mer chant, raiding at 16, Quanoquars, Bloomsbury. Kr. Lewis, jai., attended foe ths complainant, and stated that the defendant, who was a distant rdation of the complainant's wife, had before been to the house of the complainant and made a disturbance, and broken the windows. On that occasion the defendant was sentenced to three mouths' imprisonment; but Bra. Joseph then begged him o ff . Yesterday the de fendant went to the house in a state of intaication and demanded mooey. He Was removed from the house, but he again returned and made use of diegurt log language. Having ailed the cook. Lacy Castro. an ugly —, she sand is the police and gave the defendant into enskay. The complainant's wife was so ill that she melded press the charge, but the pri soner was takes is a aab to the complainant's office io the City, and he was ties talus back to Hunter-street police station, wham he was looked up. The prisoner said ha mammy sorry, audit forgiven would sot repeat the dense. D'Emoolut fi ned defendant 405., or in &huh sae mouth's bard labour in the House rd Correction. MONEY MARKET.-(THIII DAY•) Two oNhool. The Stock Exchange being dosed to-day, by order of the Committee, as usual on the let of May, no business is going forward in Public s ecurities. This being likewise the day for the opening of the International Exhibition, a partial or entire holiday is very generally kept in mercantile ----- Yesterday was the special settling day . in the scrip of the new Turkish Loan, which has risen to n to 2} premium. The demand to pay up in full was extraordinary, and Messrs. Glyn's banking house was quite besieged by the applicant. The total amount of stock paid up in full was announced late in the evening to be no less than 2,700,0001., and additional payments to a considerable extent will be made to-morrow. It is warmly necessary to point out that the voluntary transfer of so large an amount of the scrip into the form of bonds is calculated materially to strengthen the market. The Stock Exchange Committee have appointed to-morrow for the settlement in the shares of the Amman (Aberdare) Colliery Company (Limited). The following notice of remittances on amount of the dividend fund of New Granada baa been posted on the Stock Exchange by Messrs. Baring Brothers and CO., visa.:—Santa Marta, 9581. 14s. 7d. •, Rio Hacha, 1501. ; Cartagena, 2501. ; Sabanilla, 1361. lls. Bd. ; total 1,4961. 6e. 9d. At the eighth ordinary general meeting, yesterday, of the shareholders of the Chartered Bank of Ini Australia, and China, the directors' report stated the net profit for the year ending December last at 40,6542., which is reduced to 22,9871. after the deduction of the half-yearly interim dividend declared in October last. The dividend declared for the past half-year is at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum, free of income tax, and 5,0001. is added to the reserve fund, which the directors consider ought to be gradually increased. The falling olf in the dividend wen attributed by the chairman to unsatisfactory China exchanges, and to the stagna tion of trade occasioned by the American war. The report was adopted- A special meeting of the Great Western Railway Company is called for the 14th of May, to approve no less than 22 bills now before parliament. The annexed memoranda relate to the &bide and and Punjaub Railways : Scums RAILWAT.—Tbs sum al 6,6121 was mid yestim day to the credit of the Sher Mary al Side India in Council, is antiamatice of calls on the third isms et Aare& PUNJAUE RAILWAY.-71. RUM go 13,3401. wee idaym terday. to the credit of the Serrelary of State for • in Conectlon asticipatlea of the final call. The London and North Western Railway traffic return shows this week an increase of 1,3321. A paTment of Bf. per share, being the balance of the dividend for the year 1861, will be receivable by shareholders in the Carmaux Mines and Rail way Company to-morrow. The particulars are published of 238 howls, re meaning 23,5801. of the Sardinian Five per Cent. Loan of 1851, which have been cancelled. The Stock Exchange Committee have appointed Wednesday, the 7th of May, a settling day in the scrip of the Egyptian Government Loan, which is to be marked in the official list. Subjoined are the quotations of insurance gas, dock, and other shares, as given in the last Stook Exchange Het : InintraDos.—Allienes Haiti* and Foreign, 141 ; ditto Marine, 57 ; Commercial Union, 2 1d • Guardian, 62 to ; Law Fire, ; Marine, 102, I ; liermatile Fire, 311 1 ; Omen Earim, 121, 12 ; per, 140; to 40 ex dlr. ; Union, 265 ; Mimes aad Mersey Marina, 31, Gas Ligin and Clete. Imperial, 83 ; - Surrey Con semen, 151 ; flatted General, 26i. Casale—Eirmitigham (Guar. Q. per cent. Landes and N. W.), 94 ; Grand Junctions, 61 ; Kennet and Avon (Gear. by G. W. Railway), 6f. Waterworks.—Cheima, 23 , / ; ditto New Clumanteed, 1862. 24 ; Grand Junction, 73. With reference to the market for American securities, Mr. E. F. Satterthwaite reports as follows : Since oar last report a moderate amount of bedtime has buss dose in Landes in American securities. Os the arrival el the Niagara eomiderable purchases were made for ship ment to New York, sad Um market is cleared el all boa& °florin at late rates, sad chess firm at our quotations. Atlaatic sad Great Weston beads, after touching 63, im to 65, whielt pries there are new buyers. BAIL WAYS.-(THIS DAY.) Two o'Cleax. The Stock Exchange being dosed to-day, we have no report to make under this head. MINES.-(THIS DA Y) Two °Treat To-day is very generally observed as a holiday, and business in mining securities may be regarded as almost at a staad-still. METROPOLITAN CATTLE MARKET. cram DAY.) We have a fair "apply of beasts aid a dull 'trade. Oar quotations remain as oo Monday last, but the demand is very limited. The number of Asap and Labs is large ; trade is very dull for the former, at about Youday's rates. Lambs are readily dimmed of, in some batsmen at higher rates. Geed salves am fa demand. Our foreigo supply consists of 70 beasts, 1,150 sheep, 332 calms. Kula cows, 65. per stone ...t 8106 s. d. a. 6. lur skim dabs. s. IL aI. Net Scow Ihrotds e 0 4 11.66Dosalabilseb 44 4 Bon short-bores BlO 4 OW 1•••••••18.... •• • • Secosd gull beads 8 Calm 46 I Iwo • sant gm& 0• 0 0 Pigse 0 0 Da do. alma .... 8 6 8 10 13/66DoetHltArlds 00 0 lambi Boots at marks6.lo2s; limp sal lambs. 2.280 ; COM. ; no, 210. SMITHFIIILD HAY MARILVT.--(THIS DAY.) Messrs. Harvey end Seabee report a good supply. Trod* dull. Prime meadow bay, 70s. to 801. ; superior ditto, Sfa. to 95a. ; inferior ditto, Va. to 504. ; rowed, 504. to 70a. ; clover, old, 80.. to 1 10 s. ; ditto new, *mid cat, 80.. to 100.. ; straw, 38a. FALL OP • RAILWAY BRIDGE AT HARROGATE. On Tweeds y ofternoos, a large atone bridge on the new Use of railway now it course of construction through Harrogate, by the 'forth Eastern Railway Oompsay, fell with • karts' ere* and without • Moment's warning, =Meg watt serious, V not fatal rapoias to workmen en gaged upon sad beneath it. The contractor for the sew Gas is Mr. It'Oermidt, ILP. At the esommit of the widen. • &sea or fifteen saes ware working under the arch, and several were employed on the top et IL These betiesth. warned by the falling of =et kaiak mind out is time to lave their lives, eclat of them had hair-breadth earagna, and some wan severely sat end bruised by abs felling stow and build. Those upon abs bridge, who were usable to leap from the falling MO to terns jirma k rie gu sully injured— one or two, it was at fast believed , . One man who fell with the arch, was shockingly oat t **head, se well as severely crushed by the debris whisk fell upon him ; another suntsined a number of Kelp wounds mad lacera tions. snotberb wrist was dislocated, ahem were injured about the erns and legs, and me bads very narrow escape. Re we, working emend yards in the era when he sew • poop of mortar fall, sod made a desperate leap for the out side. It wee s leap for Iffe, and be WO. 11 t ter al he Wang Rao the open air as IIIMIMMO block of Maas, snakiest to have crashed him to • mass, fell, yeas( his shoulder sad ens.—Seetern Couraies Mersa I 11 to * n eft does isd,b , 1 bis call its a t dor 3 i Is fr ~~.