The Express. — London, England, 1849-04-11 00:00:00

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The documents relating to British Guiana, which we pabliehedyesterd ty must dispel even the faint hopes that overaminguite individuals may have cherished at Berl GRIT'S teeminatiog amiably the dispute between the financial regeosentstivei of that colony and the Co- Ineilli4lllft The betallat'on of a new governor affortled snaypertnallyatmeonsidering the civil list. The salaries of a new govegaor:and his administrative staff might be fairly dimmed without any danger of trencluog upon what are celled " rested rig hts ." Here were wow men and new commissions to deal with—a tabula rose upon which any fair amount of salary might be mitten. Bat it is obvious that Mr. DARKLY has Lau sent oat to insist opal the civil list weed in 1844 ea a compact, regardless of equitable considera tions-4o demand, like a certain celebrated litigant, " jostles and his bead." The Colonial-Mos SAY. "the civil list was voted hr a definite number .of years, and we will tie the colony down to this (caret in blaek and white." The fleensiel asee representatives my "the circomsts of the *okay have entirely changed since ; the value of pro perty has been greatly deterserated; and this deterio ration is is pert at least owing to a change in the policy of the imperial government—the party which now insists spa holding us to our civil hat bargain." The question here roiled, be it observed, doss not relate to the justice or ultimate expedieuy of throw ing open the sugar trade. It Trisect simply to yes tioss of fact:—Whether the immediate commence of throwing open the sug ar trade has been to dimi nish the value of pr piety in Guiana? And whether the proprietors in that colony bad reason given them by thempmial government to believe at the time they paned the civil list, that the trade would not be thrown open? If these two questions can be answered in the affirmative, the colonists have a valid claim spot the imperial government to allow such reed &slims of the civil list as can be made without injury to third parties. The deterioration of property in the colony is un fortunately beyond dispute. The official lists of sequestrated estates and sales by the Provost- Marshal demonstrate its existence. It is alleged in some quarters that this only shows the embarrassed eircumsteces of aportion of the colonial community, and that the improved condition of the black free holders proves that there is prosperity in another por tion to couaterbalance the depression. This argu ment leaves oat of view the fact that the black free holders thrive by the sale of ground provisions, or by receiving weeps foe their labour; that the sale of =ad provisions and the receipt of wages for labour upon the power of the planters and merchants to consume and give employment ; that the same causes which bring estates to sequestration injure the merchant ; and that when planters and merchants go to the wall, the black freeholders and labourers out in time follow them. Equally clear is it that when the civil list was voted in 1844, the planters bad reason to believe that no change in the commercial policy of the empire, in so far as they were concerned, was likely to take place . Sir R. PRIX had not then received the new lights upon which he has since need. The Whigs echoed the opinion of hlr. Deacon Hume, that negro emincipt tion bad placed the sue ir trade in an exceptional oonditioenunsuseeptible of the application of free trade principles for many years. The only parties to whom the colonists could look as capable of holding office under the imperial government, promised them exemption from any greater competi tion in the sale of their produce than they then ex perienced. Of comae, es free traders who never acknowledged these views. we approve of the changes since made, and are prepare d to oppose any retro grade movement. But these changes afford un answerable reasons for an alteration of the civil list compact entered into on an understanding that they were not to be made—u between the parties to the compact. Ministers attempt to prejudice public opinion in the %mother country against the colonists by repre senting them as attempting to force on an altera tion of the civil list without regard to the i n t e rests of third parties, and by unconsti tutional means. This is a gross misrepre sentation. MI that the financial representatives of Guiana have yet attempted to do is to examine the civil list, with a view to propose reductions in it. This the local government and the Colonial-office have refused to permit. They insist upon the finan cial representatives voting the civil list in the lump, end without examination. And because the Com bined Court bar entered upon a scrutiny of the items, and proposed a redaction in the first of them (the Governor'. salary), it has again and again been adjoureed sins die. By entering upon an examination of the civil lid, and proposing reductions in it, the Combined Court did not rescind the compact, and did not encroach upon the prerogative of the crown. All that the wart could do by examining and voting reductions in the estimate was to propose a modification of the civil list compact. The crown retained its veto upon the estimate then voted, ite power of pre venting a one-' tided alteration of the compac t to the injury of third parties. In pronouncing such a vets the crown would have acted upon its right (of equity we say nothing at present); but the councillors of the crown have exceeded the limits of prerogative, and advised it to prohibit inquiry and a mere proposal to change. They' have forbidden the Combined Court even to entertain' the question whether the civil list ought to be air might advantageously be reduced; and they have repeatedly . adjourned it sine die for in-1 tasting upon its right to make such a proposal to the crown. The colonial supplies have thus been virtisally stooped, but they have not been stopped by the flute ial representatives who offered to vote them for a limited period, until the question at issue between them and the government could be decided. Tie ministers who forbid an up *leaden to the crown to remit part of an excessive civil list have by their own act stopped the supplies When than allow free diseassion. Ministers, and even some who prefess to sympathise with the colonists, affect to wonder at their want of sense in forting on such a contest for a trifling matter. Men who arAue thus would have advised lons HAMPDEN to pay his few shillings of ship mosey rather than incur expense and an unequal cutest for such a trifle. Bat in point of hot' the civil list is no trifimg item is the expends tare of British Guiana. The gaieties above 1001. pee annum paid to government officers in that colony amount to 8,5,0411. There is no celery on the civil list of lees amount than 1001. And the civil list is not less than 39,0001. Salaries exceeding 1001. per annum in a colony with a population of 120,000 are exor bitant; and nearly one-half of these are on the civil list. Earl Our exhorts the colonists to econo mise their public expenditure; Governor DARKLY admits that extensive and searching retrenchment is necessary to preserve the colony from ruin : and et both insist upon the fi nancial representatives' having untouched and unexamined one-half of the most extravagant and profligate item of public saptnditsre. As we have alreadv remarked, the appointment of a new governor afforded the colonial minister an op portunity of meeting tie colonists half-way. He might have said:—" la the altered circumstances of the colony, retteedisnre is neceseary ; and that re trenchment ought to :tend to the civil list, as far as is consistent with justice to individuals. Let me hear what you have to prom.. 'Vote the necessary sup plies, in the meantime, for a limited period, till we stn di.euss your proposal. I object to any reduction in the salaries of parties who, to fore this question was raised, have broken up establishments in this country and gone to the colony, on the faith that they were to receive a certain income. I expect that you will make reasonabk provision for all memory Ms sadden death of Dr. CROLLY, the Roman Catholic Primate of Ireland, is an event which may well suggest feelings of deep solicitude and regret. Not only the assegai circumstances attending it. bat the peculiar nature of the position which the lamented prelate occupied, at the present time render his lore equally a satins of sorrow to the good and anxiety to the wise. In difficult times Dr. CIIOLLT was an eminently useful man, not to his own particular creed alone, bat to his county. In masons of bitter feud he was pre-eminently successful as a maker— and they are blessed of earth heaven. In times of angry discussion he was as conspcu ously distinguished as a dignified but judi cious moderator between jarring prejudices and polemic passions. In times of wild excitement he was distinguished by the same calm wisdom which neither sympithises less with the wrongs of the mul titude when they stray, nor flags . in mal for their cause when calamity or despair benumbs their energies. In every pint of view the deceased archbishop was a most remarkable man. Born and educated in that part of Ulster where the members of the opposing creeds hare for generations stood in the least miti gated antagonism towards one another, he had early learned to comprehend the duties of his position es a pastor and citizen, and in every relation of life which' he was called to fill Ws demeanour afforded an example worthy of ail imitation. Far from evincing any hypocritical subserviency to those who belonged to the more aristocratic faith, he laboured diligently at all times to retain his own flock in the belief he conscientiously adhered to. But unlike the blind and fanatical apologists of that creed elsewhere, he boldly espousal the cause of populsr edaoation in its freest and its noblest sense. He had faith in his faith. He did not distrust its power or worth. Twenty years ago he undertook the publica tion and the distribution of ala•ge edition of the B.ble among the heads of families in his dioce.e. He pr e ached constantly from parish to parish, but seldom on controversial subje:cts. His aim and hope was a noble competition with his protestant rivals in the great work of pions teaching. They did not cease to deem his teaching mingled with erroneous doctrine : bet they did cense to regard him as a friend to intel lectual darkness or degrading superstition. In a social sense ho was equally irreproachable. The orange squire, who had never in his life before shared in any act of hospitality with a "popish priest" had " much pleasure in dining " with Dr. CROLLY. He was not conscious of any inconsistency in so doing. He was "a man in a thousand," as he would say, by way cf explanation, when aske d how it happened. And, in a certain sense, this was true ; for he was a man rarely gifted with the frank and fearless self-respect, combined with true and watchful " generosity in trifles," which marks at once good breeding and the high beating that befits the office of a patriarch. He is gone. When will the catholic church in Ireland look upon his like again ? Much of the future R eece and welfare of the northern province of the kingdom may in the days that are coming depenTon the character of him, who fills the dignity of Roman catholic metropolitan of Armagh. A weak man, or a polemical firebrand, would in a few months undo much of the good that his late predecessor had acnomplished. It Ms been a forth- I sate circumstance that at the head of the protestant church in Ulster there has been for many Tears a man possessed of so many qualities entitling him to con sideration and respect as Lord JOHN BERESFORD. We Absent as widely as is possible from the sendneents of his grace, in political matters. Bat let us freely say it—there never was a better bishop, nor a more generous and munificent friend to the poor. He also eschewed controversial rancour. So far Dr. CROLLY was fortunate in the character of his episcopal rival. But him successor may not always be so fortunate. The protestant pri mate is now an old man. And after the specimens of tory and of whig selection we have had of recent years in Ireland, who will venture to reckon on the primacy devolving on one possessed of either wisdom, temper, or worth ? In the Roman catholic church ,in beland the bishops are elected- by the parish priests of each diocese, subject to the approval of Rome. Three sons are by the clergy named as eligible, and I oat of these the Pope selects the individual whom be deems best qualified to fill the vacant office. It is not our purpose to compere the relative merits of such a process . with that ;adopted in the established church, regardwhich i great diversity of sentiment m eals.• Bet it may be noted in paining, that from the satire of the proceeding we have above described, en Important element of popular sympathy and feelieg necessarily enters, in the first instance, into the choke that is to be made. If the decided preponderance of opinion among the parish priests of tie diocese et =is in unison with the eociseisetisal, social,and nal policy of the late distinguished prelate, absy will naturally i their suffiages Ili osbibisto of view. Should their votes, , en the odor band, be given in favour of per. Isom mile opines different opinions, the avowal will be ass et rave signifcance, and its oonseqseuess who Ns wefts to foretell ? A more solemn duty sever baba to any body of men, or at a more momentous *stow We know nothing of pawned claims or protomaisms I nor, if we did, should we Teetere to its trade ON word °Wench a subject. Bat for the sake of Ulshe, its religions peace and social we I asess* so ope that one possessiag ' forbear ng., t, and discretion may be chosen. The embers party strife will smoulder far and wide. A hasty word may at any unforeseen moment kindle a Sams which all the efforts of the better men of all sides may not be able to extinguish. GERMANY. HUNGARY.—The following is from 'Paris paper " Oar correspondent from Jug (Moldavia) sends us some news which positively contradicts all that the journals of Vienna have sald respecting the de feat of Bem by the %Mina. His letter being dated 26th March would seem, by reason of the proximity of the theatre of war, to give some information subse quent to the last correspondence from Peeth bearing date the 25th. We invite attention to this news, which, if it be confirmed, must be of a nature to com plicate is the most merlon; manner the embarrass ments of Austria. The subsequent news will, with out doubt, confirm this contradiction. ".Tri-day I am enabled to give you a nother p iece of news not less authentic. The whole of Transylvania is in the power of th e Hungarians. The Russians and Austrians have disappeared. Both have (as- cording to tbe letter received) to Wallachi a last letter informed you of the siege of Hermafled on the 27th February, after a combat of 15 lama Since then we have learnt that the Rurrians returned on the next day to the charge, but they were again repulsed with lose, after a combat of six hours, and afterwards retreated to Rothenthurn, where they calculated on remaining until the arrival Moen. Beep these riots in view, and let me bear what you have to say. ' Toil the colonial minister might have said with perfeet fairness. and without any compromise of the rights or dignity of the crown. Bat instead of @yoking thus, he masts upon shie ld, and un conditional submission on the port of the edenisb. He has got their hand to abond, and, re- WON of all considerations of equity, he will exact *is ottemnont farthing. He will side n our dude ecestitutional rights. His will mus t t i tla:•. Bomar er biter the e (mercury will have to be 1= by the imyerlal parliament. Indeed, the legislature Lae already as good u appealed to that trauma A solemn pretest lies been rounded by the non4gisial members of the CoartoL o Pt7 spinet the emaraption embodied in the g s that the QUEZN, with advice of the Privy Ceemtolac authority to make laws for the oolonv. their ground on the Act at Capitelstion of TZlsiteleahoc, 1803, and maintain that the Imper ial national' and the Court of Policy are the only antbseldse legally entitled to make laws for the °away. It hiseareey imaginable that, in any circum stances, ministers would venture to decide so important a ooatrovaray by an order in council; and with each an unequivocal appeal to parliament, to parliam. rat they . mast go. It is to be hoped that when the imperial legislature is called upon to decide, it will remember that this is a question of sate policy to be settled on principles of equity and sound expe diency, not on miserable pettifogging appeals to formal oompacts; that the dignity of the British crown is one thing, and the peevish self-will of a minister another ; that something more than even the rights and interests of an important colony—the sys tem uprn which our colonial empire is to be admin istered—depend upon its judgment. of red Wr e maileT '.But a had datinsheid ia bit heart tadries 'them eempletely ireianylvangit He pursued them, even to their defiles, and after law. log subdued them a third time, obliged them to return toWallschis. These advantages, however, were sufficient to satisfy him. He hed sworn not to take any rest,..notwithstanding his numerous wounds, whilst there remained an armed enemy in the country. He, went towards Crocatadr, end entered that city without striking a blow, the regiment of Russians which were there in garrison having retreated at the wand of the arrival of Item. Encouraged by theism- Bassos whkh theme advantages inspired in his traps, be prepared them to attack the Austrian army, oosamended by (lea. Fuchs'', when, to his great satisfeetioa, he ascertained that the general was ob served to be abandoned by nearly all his tr sad obliged to take refuge, like the Russians, in W He is to day at Altana with the remains of bioassay. This distortion of the Austrian troops hue been re voked by the indignation produced by the. Russian I intervention. The example has been given by some superior aims, who, on leaving the ranks at a review made by Paehner, declared to him that they would fight against the Hungarians, but alone; and that since they were to submit to the shame of the assistance of the Russians, they preferred to break their 'words, which they immeoiately did, in the midst of the almost unaaimons applause of the army. Puchner, alarmed and beaten by nab a ma nifestation, saw no alternative but to fly to Wallachia with some hundreds of men who bad remined faithful to him; and the rest of the army is dispersed about the country, or is gme to augment the forces of the insurgents. Wbat do the Russians intend to do now P This is a question which is asked with some anxiety. "We hear from good authority that an order has arrived from St. Petenb f rg to evacuate Trarsylvenis and even the principalities ; but Gen. Laden, com mander-in-chief, thought right to defer the execution of that order in the jo.t anticipation that the Em peror, on hearing of the check experienced by hie troops, would immediately order his generals to wreak their vengeance on that vagabond Bem, who has bed the audacity to give a severe lesion to the of his Majesty. But Bern is a bold and sk ilful troops who is sustained by three other chiefs of his compatriots, not lens brave and skilful than himself; and then the desertion of the army of Puchoer, and the sense of justice on the part of Bens have given quite another turn to the Hungarian Jason ellen. At first they were rebellious and culpable ; to-day they have done an act of patriot. lan, and the . courage increases in presence of the increased danger of returning under the former dominion or of falling ncdcr that of the Czar. Meanwhile the Russian troops enter Moldavia every day, and begin to augment the army of occupation. With the exception of Oillicis, there are some Russian soldiers is all the towns, but principally upon the whole of the line of the frontier of Transylvania and of the Bucovine. They are labouring actively too pen some accessible routes in the mountains. Three thousand poor Mol davian peasants are employed at these yolks on an extensive system of statute labour. " Yon are doubtless already aware of the check which Russian diphmacy at Constantinople has re ceived, first, from the dismiesal of Riza Puha, who allowed himself to be tampered with by the impe rialists of the Czar, and, secondly, by his being re placed by Buleymen Pasha, a man of progress and a patriot. " A,new winter bas fallen upon us. After havin in g had February three or four weeks of April weather, it has hailed for six days past ; and snow falls in abundance. Yesterday it fell all day, and sleighing has again commenced." CAPTURE OF THE DANISH SHIPS AT ECKERNFORDE. The following letter from en eye-witness of this affair conveys a lively impression of the sane, and of the sentiments it awakened in the breasts of the victors. It would be curious to bear a criticism by the hero of St. Jean d'Acze on the tactics of the Danish commanders. ECKERNFORDS, APRIL 6.. With deep emotion and gloomy forebodings of the probable fate of my native town I take the pen to inform you that a Danish squadron, consisting of the largest yentas of the Danish navy, nppeered last night in the offing of our harbour, where it an chored. These vessels were the ship-of-th , - line Christian VIII., 84 guns, the frigate Geflon, 46 guns ; the corvette St. Croix, 26 guns ; and two more corvette', the names of which I do not remem ber ; the w ar steamers Geiser and Skirner, of 12 guns each, besides some small craft. Oar city is pro tected by two strand batteries, of which the northern, situated near Lenisenberg, his two 84 and two 21-pounders; the southern, two 18 and two 24-pounders. The distances of them batteries from the city are, the first a quarter of a mile, the second hardly so much. At Gotten.% two miles oft Duke Ernest of Saxe Gotha, brother to Prince Albert, is stationed with infantry and field artillery, and has, during the night, thrown a battalioe into the town. The engagement commenced this morning, at seven o'clock, by the ship-of-the-line, the frigate, and the two w car-steamers, the latter direct ing their fire on the northern battery. They unfor tunately succeeded, a'ter a cannonade of about an hear's time, in silencing it, when they attacked the southern battery, which is less strong but more fa vourably situated. It is commanded by two ser geants, and has held out these last six hours against the superior Danish force numbering in all 154 gnus of much heavier calibre. From my window lam a spectator of this dreadful fight. Now and then I see wounded men carried from the battery to the hospital; but the firing from their guns goes ea without cessation. The finest sight, however, was presented by the northern battery. Its gallant defenders had the Schleswig-Holstein nag shot away from their blockhouse. When they saw it fall, the two commanding officers, Captain Tangmann and Lieut. Schneider, climbed on the reef, and, regard less of the hailstorm of balls, planted it again firmer than before. The Dines have now begun to throw bombshells into the town, and have already killed a sick woman, in the infirmary. Several roofs lave tumbled in. Duke Ernest of Saxe Gotha is now in action, and has taken up a very perilous posi tion. His horse has been killed under him. The northern battery being silenced, no hope is left to us except from the small southern battery, and perhaps from some field artillery that has been sent for, which, however,will not be proof against their smallestvessel. lam told that the Christian VIII. has gone aground, but its guns still play without cessation, and if God does not week a miracle, our town is doomed to de ' straction. The fire of the southern battery slackens, as they have now got only two available pieces. Eight o'clock, pm.—An immense excitement pm ' veiled over the whole town, when, at 1 o'clock, the Christian VIII. and the Onion hoisted Gags of truce. An officer was sent on share with a message to the civil and military authorities of Eckernforde, by which the Danes offered to cease firing if oar batteries would do the same : should, on the contrary, the batteries con tinue, the whole town would be reduced to a heap of ruins. la consequence of this communication a coun cil of war was held by the commanders of the differ ent troops stationed in and near the town, and of the Schleswig earthen' battery. However, all doubts were removed by the declaration of the burgomaster of Eckernforde, Mr. Langheim, that the citizens of the town would leave it, with God and history to piss judgment on the wanton destruction of a defence less town, and that they were prepared to see their habitations ruined, _provided their father land could be saved. Duke Ernest fully concurring in this reply, it was communicated to the Danish com mander; finally, however, a truce of two hours was agreed upon, during which our artillerymen were engaged in repaving the damage done to their batte ries. Their embankments were comple'ely battered down, and six out of their eight guns dismounted. I have seen the southern battery, which presents a dread ful spectacle; one of the guns is quite shattered to pieces, and an artilleryman fearfully m utilated. Very luckily for us, the Danes seem not to have been aware of cur weakness. During these two hours of trace, the two batteries were completely repaired, the 'kisses assisting in throwing up embankments. A great robot it was for us to see a Haman battery et six 6-pounders and two howitzers, coming on at fall speed. The ho-tilitiel recommenced at 5 o'clock. The Christian VIII. had snexedea in getting afloat, and mule signals to one of the steamers to come in and take it in tow. However, a well-directed shot fired by the NassAu battery shattered her paddle, and forced her to retreat. The Christ:an VIII. now veered ~+ afpum# li. 11. 1849. ..V lewd, took up a position "pante the southern bat tery, and claming upon it poured out volleys of shot. This manoe uv re was decisive ; the battery begin to fire red-hot shoo, whilst the Nassaurn of the battery played with admirable precision upon the ste vessel. The northern battery wee, meanwhile, en aged with the frigate, the war-steamer Geiser , bein g ' , damaged to a cmaiderable extent, having-been taken in tow by the Skirner, and carried out of the fight. In order to escape the incommoding fire of the field artillery, the Christian VIII. veered round again, and, as it appears, very clumsily, for it ran aground a second time, and got into such close quarters erlth the southern battery, that every shot told. As the vessel caught fire almost at the suns time, ail prospects of prulonging the fight were gone. Thus the Christian VIII., a man-of war of eighty-four guns, the finest verse' of the Danish navy, and the pride of our arch-enemy, was compelled to strike to a Schleswig battery of four pieces, commanded by two sergeants; and it was not long ere the frigate followed the examp'e. It was now 7 o'clock. An immense hurraqig from all the they batteries greeted this event, re-echoed by the citizens of our town. Duke Ernest fer hwith dispatched boats •to receive the prisoners and the wounded of the enemy. The victory which is gained has no pa rallel on record. Duke Ernest, deeply affected, ex pressed his thanks to Capt. Tungmann, and embraced him before the whole people. Ten o'clock, p.m.—l open my letter to say a few words about the conclusion of this dreadful drama. Boats are con , tantly coming in with loads of prisoners. Their number amounts now to 760, about ten times as many an there are victors. Citizens and soldiers struggled bard to save the Christian VIII. ; however, all their efforts proved unavailing ; at eight o'clock the vessel exploded. The glen illumined the country many miles round. 200 Danes found a watery grave, and among them, I am sorry to inform you, a Schleswig sergeant who had commanded the southern battery. We noble-hearted man bad remained on the vessel, exerting himself to save the enemies of his country. The German flag is hoisted on the frigate. Schleswig mariners are sent for to man her. The commander of the Christian VIII., Capt. Peludsn, surrendered his sword to Duke Ernest, as well as dept. yer, of the °teflon. The people, assembled in large numbers, by respectful silence paid the tribute due to the misfor tune of these men, although they had come to throw their country into misery. Better fur them if they were buried with their comrades in the deep. The loss of the Danes is 250 kulle3, 200 wounded, and 760 prisoners . Among the latter all the o ffi cer'', I the commander of whom (Paludan) ranks among et the m-st distinguished of their navy, besides their only vessel of the line and their best frigate, in all 130 guns. We have one dead, thirteen wounded, and two horses killed. It is impossible to ascribe this immense success to human wisdom. However valiant the email band of the Schleswigers and Nassaucrs have proved, it was only by God's help that they could go forth victo rious from such an unequal struggle. This battle is the judgment passed by God on an overbearing na tion, which came to bring perdition over Schleswig .".tein. God has defended the right ! Ste Court. WINDSOR, TIIESDAY.—The Countf es Erin& and the Princesses Amelia and Bliss of liohenlohe Bcbillingfurst are expected to arrive at the Castle on • visit to the Queen. The Marquis of Breadalbane and Lord and Lady John Rus sell are also expected to arrive this evening on a visit to her Majesty. The royal dinner party at the Castle this evenirg will in clude the Duchees of Kent, the Countess of Erbach, the Princesses Amelia and Elise of Hohenloke Lord and Lady John Russell, Lady Augusta Bruce, Baroness da Speth, the Marquis of Breadalbane, Major-General Wemyes, and Sir George Cooper. The band of the Grena dier Guards will attend during dinner. Her Majesty's private band played the following pieces in the Castle yestar&l evening, viz. Prettying," II Direttor dells Ommedle" ... Mozart. Finale, awed seeett,," Mello " The Duke of Wogtm's March C. Kramer. Owns and Arts. " Freitebuts" Water. Mange sue dem Bolnnerwahl Walley The Marquis of Lansdowne (Lord President of the Council) and the Marchioness of Ltnedowne arrived in town yesterday from Bowocd Park, Wilts, and afterwards pro. espeded to their residence at Richmond. Lord and Lady John Russell left their residence, Pembroke Lodge, in Richmond Park, yesterday afternoon, for Windsor Castle. Earl and Cout tees Grey lett town yesterday on a visit to Earl Spencer, at his seat, Althorp Pak, Northamp. tonshire. TILE ROYAL VISIT TO GRIMSBY DOCKS.—Grest preparations are being made by the various official authori ties for the reception of his Royal Highness Prince Albert on the occasion of %is visit to Grimsby on the 18th inst., to lay the foundation stone of the stupendous doCks shoat being formed at thst port. The Admiralty intend to send down their Sheerness fleet, consisting of two frigates and several war steamers, under the command of Vice-Admiral E.liott, Commander-in Chief at the Medway ; and the different yacht clubs hvre received 1 notification of the share they may take in the festivities to commemorate the commencement of these important wcrks. " All the pomp and circumstance of WIT, " says a correspondent, " will be pescefally employed. Bands of music, artillery, the local militia and district soldiery will be in attendance ; and the counties of Lin coln, Derby, Nottingham, and Lancaster, may look forward to a highly interesting and festive ceremony on this first occasion of his Royal 11 , ghntes visiting the eastern coast." (From last night's Gasette.) FOREIGN-OPPICE, APRIL 7. —NOTIFICATION.—It is hereby notified, that Viscount Palmerston, her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, has received from the Lords Csininissioaus of the Admiralty a letter in cicciog the copy of • note Deering date the 22ad day of ' Much last put, from the Neapolitan Minister for Foreign Affairs to her Majesty's minister at Naples, stating that the No.rlitan government had determined that from the first days of the instant month of April, the port and gulf *l l Palermo and the adjacent coasts shall be placed in a state of blockade, and that cruisers of war of the royal navy shall watch over the coasts of Sicily, in order that ammunition, arms, or any other articles which may be used in war, be not introduced into any pert of the island. FOREIGN-OPTIC; APRIL 10.—NOTIFICATION.—It is hereby notified that Vissonnt Palmerston, her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, has received from her Majeaty's Minister at Copenhagen, a despatch, dated the Sri of April, 1849, enclosing a communicatioa from the Danish Minister for Foreign Affairs, dated the 2nd inst., declaring that • blockade of the German ports of Cam min, Swinemtindo, Wolgest, Griefswaldo, Stralsund, and Rostock will commence on the 6th inst., and that • blockade of the ports, Pities and Danzig, and of the rivers, the Elbe, the Weser, and the Jande, will commence on the 12th inst. NoTincarrors.—lt is hereby notified, that Vie. count Palmenton, her Majesty's Principal Secretary of Stare' for Foreign Affairs, has received from Viscount Poeseaby,i her Majesty's Ambassador at the Court of Vienna, • Iles patch dated April 1,1849, stating that he had on that day re ceived from the Anstrian Minister for Foreign Affairs, a site dated the 314 of March, announcing that the blockade of Venice would commence on the 4th inst. The taw sidle, Austrian Minister's note is as follows : (Mesmer tos.)—Vinswee, Masai 31, 1849.—The Im per4.l Government finding it expedient to re-establish, from the 4eli of April next, the blockade notified in the course of lot m ille r 4 .. a respeeit to the port of Venice, which blockade waa by staksequent occurrences. the undersigned, Presildem Ociuseil, has the honour to reque 4 the am bemire of Beacirell to bring this determination to the know ledge of his goys/units; and to add that the Imperial Vice- Admiral charged with the execution of this measure has orders to maintain it strictly. —The undersigned, &a. (Signed) F. fiCsiwerimwessect.—His Excellency the Vie . I count Pessouby, etc. of I TIM STATE PRISONS AND NEW BARRACKS AT THE Towns.—The celebrated Beauchamp Tower, which has for a long peried been aced as a mese-home for the officers of the will shortly be thrown open to the public. The eauchimp Tower was the prison-hoots of the unfor tunate Lady Jane Grey, the Karl of Ees r, Sir William Wallace, the hero of Scotland, and at one period contained two sovereigns as prisoners vie., James of Scotland and the Ring of France. This new and splendid barracks, which have been erected upon the site of the disastrous fire which tmk place some years ago, are now occupied by the men of the 2nd battalion of the Coldstream Guards. The officers' neaten are not yet completed— United Service Gazette. TIN CROFT MINING COMPANY. Yeaterday the annual general meeting of this com pany was held at the offices, Finsbury-square. R. RODO BON, Esq , in the chair. The CHAIRMAN read the report of the directors, in which they exprested satisfaction that it was in their power to confirm the announcement made at the special general meeting, held three months ego, of a decided in provement in the prospects of the company. Various important altera tions and decided improvements were then announced u having been effected, and since that period a still greater amount of maws had attended their operations during the months of November, December, and January. When the previous meeting took place. the " reserve " of tin and copper ores amounted to 00,0001. Since that period large additions had been made to that sum, and the mines were now brought into a pwition which afferied full secu rity to the proprietors that their shares would constitude a permanently profitable investment. The accounts were made up to the end of January, and showed a considerable balance in favour of the shareholders, although there had been an ezpenditure of ?,2001. since their last meet ing for surface sad underground works, which however were of • permanent character, and a saving of fifty per emu. in the consumpart of coal would be e ffected by them. The working profits for the three months •gaing In January were 2,3601. Tits profits for January were 8601., and they bad every reason to believe they we be as much in February and Marsh. A dri ttul.d stahanent of the redoes of the various lod of the asines,arrA the works entered upon in reference t e em, was then give', and the directors, in conclusion, stated that when the ores 0 present raised were sold, a dividend would be de clared. The repot of the captain of the mine was next reed, which gave a moat favourable account of the progress of the works, and of the quntiry and quality of the ores which had been obtained. The SEDERTARY read the statement of the aceounb of the compasi, from which it appeared that the total expendi ture, inclarmg a balanenof 2101. 145., which was spina the company at ges or last meeting, was 7, 2361 . 4 5. 85., a nd that the receipts copper, tio, and arsenic, disposed of dur in g the months November, December, and January were 8,1821. Se. 44.. leaving a balance In their favour of 9461. Is. 86, In reply to a SHARIMOLDER, the CHAIRMAN stated that the divides& would be about 5 per cent. on the capital, sad would be mad*, in .11 probebility, within two months, but he would not undertake to . promise that a Mmilar dividend would be made every two months. He ales stated that the full number of SUITES (3,000) in the tritons* tin smelting works had been applied for, and the direct' had determined on apportioning them at the rata of one for every two shares held in the mice. Mr. FISHER suggested that their meetings should be quarterly for the future.. but after a short conversation it was arranged, without, however, coming to any form al trio. lu:ion, that the nrxt meeting should take place in six months from that date. The report was then adopted unanimously. Thanks were given to the eh sirman and to gra captain of the mine, and the meeting separated. CORONER'S INQUEStr—YEaTERDLY. THE MURDER, IN THE BLACICIPHIAR*E-ROAD.—Be fore Mr. Payne, at St. Thomas's Hopilml, or the body of Henry Coosa 'Lamb.,ll, a biscuit baker, the unfortunate young man who was murdered the B•ackfriar'..road on Monday morning last by a man named Wititun Bailey. The prisoner was already in c Co d y, and full particulars of the case have already appeared in police news. • It will be needless to give an account et * evidence taken by the coroner, inasmuch as the major portion of it consisted of a mere recapitulation of that addueed at the police court. The only additional testimony was that of George Minim= who said that he had bean with deeoued, the prisoner, sue two other persons It Ito Mitre Taws, Broadwall, 'from 10 o'clock on Sunday night. The par* all almened to the Duke of York, in the Blacktriare. road, where a quarrel took place between deceased and the prisoner. The latter asked him for 55., which he bad lent him to fight a prroon named Denman, bat which he (deceased) refused to give up until Saturday night, whereupon prisorer became enraged and used threatening language. Shortly after this the prisoner followed deceased out of doors, and after they had walked a little way up the toad, at the corner of Surrey-street, prisoner pulled out a duped knife from his palest, and stabbed deceased in the breast. Deceased was put into a cab end removed to the hospital, but died on his way thither. Two knives of the same description were found upon the prioner, who never off red to escape upon the commigion of the bloody deed. The Coverer summed up very minutely, and the jury re turned a verdict of " Wilful murder against Wm. Bailey." radar of the constituency. The payment cf lw e g money was, indeed, by a sort of consent, me g ned , t°e old scot-and-lot vot res. Bat the smell t o ; pounders in the paste included in the new bonds ! , soon began to grumble that the Pontefract pe eee ' should be setting their golden guineas whil st &;: were receiving nothing. No long time elapsed b e - 4- they discovered their value and importance, tied th em are many amongst them whose price at the peeeset moment is quite as high as that of any of th e and-lot men remaining on the listen seat. The elections of 1835 and 1847 have been tb, :e which, since the Reform Bill, have exhibited this town in its worst colours. In 1832 two liberal sentatives were returned. One of them, M e g ei t u ., — J e rningham, eon of Load Stafford, hsd bees et,.'"t,,, to the previous par:iament, but the oth er pr ess - ea himself upon • new interest. This w ee John Gully, whose contests in another arena were ai that time the subject of popular centers:dims. If; Gully had very recently become the pommel. dm. worth park, in the vicinity of the borcuzli, and b id made himself extremely popular throughout M e district. He was liked for his 'fluty g infto , t , and benevolence of disposition ; and wh en he pressed a wish to represent Pontefract, altb ou , -. , he met with much discouragement from tory fe ee Li yet he found a strong party ready to support be,.. Mr. Gully's return in 1832 was the subject of mel t comment on the part of those who had exp ressed a belief that the reformed parliament would witner the introduction of an inferior clues cf representatives into the House of Common,. These, however, who passed each unjust reflections were not only Lowed if the man, but forgot that he was returned not by new bat by an old constituency. For the suffrage ia Pontefact havirg been scot and lot prior to the Reform Act, the new franchise very little altered the character of its electorate. Mr. Gully was by no means well fitted for the House of Commons. His votes, however, were always conscientious, and public opinion was favourable to his conduct both as a politician and sea member of society. When the general election came in 1835 he presented himself again. His colleague,Mehming. ham, retired, and his place was proposed to be sup. plied by Mr. Alexander Raphael, "the sheriff for London and sheriff for Middlesex, " who came d on to Pontefract making some parade of hie pewee importance and official dignities. As the reputed pos. seem of enormous wealth,Mr.Raphael was Terrine!, the man for Pontefract. But he had not been long wren his canvass before some of these brought into more immediate contact with him thongbt that they observed sympsoms of less liberality of disposition than the men of Pontefract were wont to expect ins candidate. A " third man" has always in this borough, as among other corrupt constituencies, be e a favourite with the populace. He comes, Is th e electors thick, to afford them the advastagea they always derive from a contest; aid he e received with acclamations proportionate to their expectations. On this occasion, the third candidate brought out was Viscount Polling. ton, the son of their old representative. Tory. ism was by no means so unpopular at this time as it had been three years previously, and Lord Pollingten's local connexion and the fact of his being on the side of the then existing government were eh cumstances that told greatly in his favour. Th e probabilities are, however, that the "Sheriff of London and the Sheriff of Middlesex" would We got the seat bad he at all consented to bleed with sufficient freedom. A large sum was spent withal consulting him, but when he was consulted it was evident that there was extreme backwirdnee. With this disadvantage, however, he went to the poll, and the numbers proved to be be Gully 509, Viscount Pollington 498, Mr. Sheriff Raphael 478. The defeated candidate endeavoured, as all the world is aware, to make up for his disappointment at Pontefract by securing election by an Irish comets ' ency. The Carlow county election case is so mach a matter of history that it is unneccesaty to go late its details here. Mr. Sheriff Raphael's "friends" in Pontefract were, perhaps, the only parties whey!. filed in any way by that affair. There were setter claims upon the candidate uuliquidated, and which he did not appear inclined to settle. The momeatthis Carlow affair came on the tapis, Ms. Raphael vu threatened with exposure, and as that would hen been inconvenient the demands were paid. Still, however, there was one very important item at this election which was left unpaid. Instance had been known ire Pontefract in which the nere cesaful candidate had not paid the head-money. In stances, we say, had been known, but they had beet rare, and of course no candidate omittirg so he tomary a payment ever could hope to succeed ameba time. Mr. Raphael, considering that purity of eke tion was a great virtue, that he had already opal very nearly 2,0001., and that he never intended t come again, declined to pay any head-money t all. The effect of this was to excite coraidersbh indignation, and it is amusing, even at ttu distant day, to hear in Pontefract the gaud disgust with which the name of Raphael is to ceived, wherever you may bear it mentioned. lb Pontefract people have never forgiven him, and matt of them believe to this hour that they have a legal claim for their head-money which no statute of list tations possibly could bar. The members who were elected in opposition to hi sheriff, .were neither of them destined to retain the oats for any lengthened period. Mr. Penh:ear Uttistmamennethteso4ersfpprae;eerrieinnsamtato:tienevsi,etidweonhaftnoatecedthtaroedideoeniadtt ftlouoirdelPwawBoculyBtehset,theintwertsiegif sad his own long connexion with the term and him had pultirocothpenerstyiddlerayamborfepeeidiarfiastuoenelnelyeeammdctrtoienonnme.t,haimbruntitt,wmiegs: act on reopening the doors of Fry , snebletlea:adoredseert!naorreugocantrrefothhilasecdBstrei3dau7suniarffieteeywecci;tuuchhannieetyieglidr°etMelhillaluarnrce:heMnifLomdlioneeceuurdtxichlknis°tgpnoures:97olals.:inghthtlailtionThesbeee:iatnesii,, retired. At the same time Mr. Gully, tired of a parliesi tary life, in which he reaped little distinction, a endured much toil and incessant annoyance from constituents, resigned likewise . His interest transferred to Mr. (now Sir William) Mimi Sta rk ' , a very moderate whig, but a very ardent sporting There was no party to oppose either of the two cad dates thus put forward. The eoeservatirs was with Mr. Mimes, the Guly interest with 3 1 Stanley, whilst Lord Pollingtoa was hoes gle ' 4l6° But some ardent dissenters in the town tholhfl °ll would bring down Sir Culling Eardley South, el had been once elected for the borough Peijr, t4 ,.; passing of the Reform Bill. Sir Cultist 8 ° 1 " spun_ very different principles now from thaw Willa be bad contested the town no de; be spent six or seven thousand pounds; now he eVi on purity principles, determined not to gee d 6 thing. Ho polled 123 vo'ci, out of a °satinet consisting at that time of WO. This was fet e many as could have been expected. In 1841, Mr. Stanley, who ha d taken Ye_lci, part in politics, retired from the repres the field being clear, Lord Pollington grit!' ward. Mr. Gully at this time was eanviestogsnei borough for which he had been asked to bad no chance there, acd retired before t tion. Some of his friends hearing this, Mel, to make " a thirdhim, and, eotrir own wishes, they put him into onnomioati t tract. Had he been regularly in the Sold em° have been little doubt of his return. As r te' were pledged, and there was no real eostO_:j P o llington and Mr. lanes being both eR large majorities. Fom these combiing ircum•terthes f'lll°f that the elections of n 1837 e an d 1841 at Ps were as pure as they could be under the g stances of the place. It might have been the lapse of a dozen years would have done slo to cure this town of corruption ; but out oot the disease brake out again in 1817, wit P ei l increased virulence. Some time prior to thst, 1 , it was understood that one of the seats CO, vacant by the resig ces nation of Viscount ?oil who, in consequence of family circumstan t,° ?° it is unnecessary to refer , d esired to re tire . ,." o House of Commons. It was understood le% liberal aide Mr. Samuel Martin, the Qued e would be introduced to the town by Mr . - pr whom he was on terms of very le.; intimacy. The conservative albeit" • part, applied themselves to o btain i ! • candidate. Through the medium of 6 OUR REPRESENTATIVE SYSTEM PONTEFRACT. Should you hare any inclination to hazard three or four thousand pounds in an election contest, write to , an attorney at Pcntefract. If you employ a London agent to write for you, it may cost you some few hundreds more. But there is no necessity for that ad , litioral outlay. Take the Law List and write to any attorney you may find therein connected with the borough, selecting the first that comes or any par ticular rame your fancy may dictate. Yon may rest perfectly ea'isfied that he will accommodate you if you can only satisfy him that you can pay. Under the system of this borough you will have no chance whatever if you cannot do that. For in Pontefract for years past it has been the custom that the attorntya should manage the elec tions. The constituency regard these gentlemen as the responsible parties. A candidate in this immacu late place need not be known by name or reputa tion ; what is required is that he should be introduced by " the firm." The usual public distinctions are quite subordinate to the local ones : the candidates are not known as tories or as whigs, as blues or as yellows : it is rather the custom to describe them as " Parchment's candidate," " Gammon and Quirk's man," "Mr. Slime's member," and an on. Each at torney is held responsible for the" electors' due s." It is politically fatal to a firm to introduce a candidate who does S not pay. A mistake of that sort subjects the acting agents to suspicions which are sure to extend to erery candidate who may subsequently employ them. "Did you ever know ouf,house introduce the wrong sort of man to you ?" That is the best appeal to the feelings of this pure constituency, and if the question can be boldly put by the attorney, it is in Pontefract an immense advantage to those he re- presents. Corruption at Pontefract dates from a distant perioi. Half a century ago the representation was chiefly exercised by some members of the Galway family, whose estates, now possessed by Mr. R. P. Mikes, are immediately adjacent to the town. A com mittee of the House of Commons having, however, declared the right of voting to be in the resident inha bitant householders at large, the dominant influence had to fight stoutly for thew seat. There are records of severe and expensive contests here at the general elections of 1807, 1812, 1820, and 1826 ; in fact, it was too much the interest of the consti tuency that the town ehonld be contested ever to permit of their allowing an election to take place without a poll. On one occasion, when the present Earl of Mexborough and Mr. Lucelles were the candidates, it is on record that the committee act , ing for the former were absolutely bought over at his own dinner table on the eve of the polling-day, and that he bad the mortification of seeing them come to the hustings one after another on the following morn ing, to record their suffrages for his opponent. The Mezbormigh family have during the present century spent, according to their own statements, not less than 60,0001. in the different contests in which they have been engaged here. To other candidates for the representation the cost has propor tionately been little less. Mr. Milne', the father of the present memter, paid very heavily for his seat. Mr. Houldswortb, an extremely rich manufacturer at Manchester, wbo " behaved so liberally " that he was returned at the head of the poll at two elections, found the place so expensive that he thought it cheaper to buy a share of a borough outright. lie ao cordingly purchased, in 1830, a seat for - Newton in the Willows, at a cost of 4,0001., and at for that piaoe a year and three quarters, when it was wholly disfianchised by the Reform Act. Mr. T. Duncombe, who is not a bad authority on there matters, once con tested Pontefract unsuccessfully with this gentleman and Viscount Pollington, and llas since put on record his opinion that the town was one of the most corrupt he ever entered. There is, in fact, no sort of expense that a candidate for Pontefract is not obliged to incur. All the attorneys must be employed as agents—all the publicans must be permitted to dispense beer—all the drapers will Vote against von if you do not. permit them to make op favoursall the electors must be paid bead-money at the rate of 31. for a single vote and 6/. for a plumper—all the non-electors must ho employed as banner bearers, runners, or messengers, and must live at your expellee all the time the contest lasts. The agents each expect to make from 2001. to 3001. of you in the legitimate shape of costs, besides their pickings in ether ways. The hotel keeper will keep his house open with the money be has received from the candi date for two years after the contest at the least, and then the probabilities are, that if another election is not speedily expected, he will leave. The whole system of the town, in fact is one of the vilest de scription of electioneering plunder, and the only re markable thing is that candidates should be fauna so easily as taey are to fell into the net which is at this place spread for them. The cele brated "physician' known as Dr. Free was the only man on record who entirely escaped its meshes. "Pray what are you, sir ?" he inquired done of the half dozen gentlemen who bad come to him as " a deputation from Pontefract," and who were quietly brangirg him down to Ferrybridge in his carriage preps-story to a " grand entry into the town," which they bad pro jected and arranged. " Pray what are you, sir ?. " I am an attorney," was the reply. "And you, air ?" "lam a tavern keeper." " And the gentlemen in the dickey ?" " Ons is a solicitor and one is a publican." " And the red-faced individual on the box ?" " Oh, he keeps the Goat and Seven Stars." " Then, sir, be kind enough to order my coachman to turn his horsed heads the other way, for it seems to me that this depu tation is comp.Ed of rathertoo prevailing . an interest in Pontefract." So Dr. Bree escaped, leaving the men of trap and tap to find their own way home. The Reform Bill, though it extended the bounda ries of this borough, very far from improved the chit-