The Express. — London, England, 1866-07-19 00:00:00

nUEENSLAND LOAN of 1864, £1019,000. NOD TENDBRB for BALANCE. £446,350.—The UNION BANK of AUSTRALIA being empowered, u !Mandel agents of the Government of Queensland, to negotiate the sale of the re mainder of the Debentures bunted under Act of the Colonial are, gs Victoria, No assented to 13th September, 1 1° ,t t ntilled "An Aat to authorise the ea/alng Looms On the 14 disparity of the Consolidated B&VCDUeI of the Colony, for the execution of certain Public Works, and further to provide had* for Immigration," NOTICE IS akfur.BY GIVEN, that the Beard of Direotore are prepared to receive up to FRIDAY. Oa lyth Instant, at 2 o'clock precisely, sealed TENDERS, in writing, of parties who may forward the same. addrseeed "Madera for ensiand Loan." or attend in penes therewith, for any por on of £446,350, being the hdance of the above Lasn. Such tenders will then be opened in the preeenee of all so etteodiug, and read publicly, and the hseers be forthwith dechtredawo vided the pride be not under the minimum fixed, which r be placed on the table under seal. Theme Debentures et Klee and LW each, with Coupons at Imbed, will become due lat him 4 and bear intered at T rate of 11 per teat. per annumlst July, 1806, said De bentures principal and interest, being made payable in London er Brisbane, at the option of the holder. Payment for the amounts that may be allotted will be required es follows: Cl 5 per £lOO Bond, on the purcheaer being declared, £36 on 14th September, and the balance on ILIA October . Forms of application are provided at this office. By order of the Board, H. W. D. SAUNDERS, ILanager. 38, Old Broad-street, London, July IT, 1866. BENSON, J. W., by SPECIAL APPOINT MENT to H.S. H. the Moos of WALSEL BENSON, J. W., PRIZE MEDAL, LONDON, airs sa BINWN' J. W., PRIZE MEDAL, DUBLIN, cus.lo. BENSON'S LONDON LEVER, 4 Guinean. BENSON'S SILVER WATCH, 2 Guineas. !EXTON'S LADY'S GOLD WATCH, 5 Guineas. BENSON, OLD BOND-STREET, and wansoustaresovz. BENSON'S STEAM FACTORY, Ludgate-MR. Jand G. SAMPSON, Tailors and Outfitters, • 1 aad 2, Prinoseetreet, Leletateraquani, W., keep an enormous Stock of BOY'S CLOTBLINO ready made. Boy's Knickerbocker Sulfa Eton and Dram Sults 2ll. to 40e. Summer Overeats l4a. to 21a. Suitable for all Wass GO AND SEE THE SHOW o Ha td: TROUSERS in the shop window, and select therefrom, at J. and 0. SAMPSON'S, and Outtittan, 1 end!, Princes street, Leicester-square, W. lIIIIRTLE, TURTLE, TURTLE. C3ear ThkA, and Invalid TUNTLit SOUPS always ready. ST. JAILINVB-NALL. DONALD, PSOZNT-BTR ANT, Prosektor. PICCADILLY. NIL LONDON must have a SUPPER and MUSIC ROOM for GENTLEMEN.—Remember, we watt for you at " EVANS'," after the Covent Garden One's and the Theatres. Eke si;r4rtllo. TO CORRESPONDENTS aveetteestenta untended for "Thu }'sprees," Tondos Evening must be at the Office, 10, Bouventeenreat, b 7 Two rro t elt on the day of publication. HAY MARKET. Till Enrage, THE BALANCE Or COMPORT.—DAVID ()WWII. Mama dothera, iinekagenie, Chippeodala. Rogers, ciaA. Coe, dc, ; New, Chippendale. Ad—LOB L) DUNDRKARY MAIMED AND DONE FOR.—And rum our ON VI ATM PlitINCERfr& Tins ETownie, THE yr tlariz CAPTAIN. Mum. Yining, and G. Honey: lie Neilson, Augusts Thomom, and rs. fitirting.—A QM= LOWING& ItitITAMA. Tars Esinms, THE TARN TREASURE; OR, WEOO AND THE HOFFINS.—Mr. Mark Floyd ; Herr Busman , Joe Lund ; it Mader IL Sanders—And CARTOCCHR THE FRENCH JACK SHEPPARD. Mr. Esynolds ; Mesdames Mlles& Yarnold. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. TEN DAY —Morning, 6h. 48m Afternoon. 71 10w. To4loll6.oW—Morning, 7h. 31w Afternoon, 7h. flint LONDON, TRURSDAY, JULY 19. THE Commissioners who have for some time been engaged in inquiring into the employment of children in trades not yet regulated by law, have just published their Fifth Report. There is no need now to discuss the question whether it is the duty of the Legislature to interfere for the protec tion of women and children. There is a series of Acts in the Statute-book, dating back to the year 1802, which have sanctioned this principle ; and according to the Commissioners these Acts have proved eminently successful. It was only two years ago that the clauses of the Factories Act were extended to the Potteries. And we are now assured, not only that the Inspectors of Factories ' 1 record their testimony in favour of the change, but that it is approved both by masters and men. The success of these measures has had another effect equally important. It has removed from the minds both of employers and employed those natural apprehensions with which any interference with the supply of labour is regarded. There seems to be no doubt that the laws restricting the employment of women and children might be so constructed as to cause very considerable inconvenience ; but experience has shown that the law may be so framed as to pro duce the desired effect without the inconvenience. Assuming, therefore, that women and children should be protected from being overworked, the only remaining question is to determine the num ber of trades to which these restrictions are to be applied, and to enact such provisions as shall be both just and effectual. In the first place, the Commissioners seem to be of opinion that some of the legislation on this subject has proved ineffectual. Perhaps the most striking instance of this relates to the climb ing boys. About the year 1840 an Act of Par liament was passed which expressly forbade the employment of boys in sweeping chimneys. But some years ago the Commissioners satisfied them selves that the law was systematically evaded both in England and in Ireland ; that the use of climb ing boys was increasing, even in localities such as the metropolis, where it was thought to have been abandoned ; that boys began to be employed in this way at six and even five years of age ; that they continued to be bought and sold for the pur pose by their parents, and that their moral condi tion was most deplorable. Such was the state of things in 1863 ; and the result was that next year an Act was passed for the purpose of remedying these abuses. This Act, however, has proved utterly useless. The Com missioners have again investigated the subject which they investigated in 1863, and declare that the evils then existing are still unabated. They say that there are at this moment some 2,000 boys, nearly all between the ages of 5 and 10, still employed in climbing chimneys in various towns and counties in England—that these boys suffer greatly both physically and morally—that the disgraceful scandal continues of parents selling their own children for the purpose of this employ ment—that master-sweepers constantly resort to dishonest dodges in order to produce the impres sion that the sweeping machine is a failure ; and that they club together to pay the penalties inflicted by magistrates for violating the Act. But the most singular part of the story remains to be told. These scandals continue, not because there is any real difficulty in putting an end to 'them. For it seems that both in Glasgow and Edinburgh a system prevails which has proved thoroughly efficient. Indeed, this is the very system which in the year 1863 the Commission recom mended to England. The Legislature, however, -refused to follow their advice, and the result is that both the inquiry and the Act of Parliament passed TOF THT,TREIDAY on the subject have proved fruitt; hoped that this mistake will toe and that our legislators may derive tis 11: 4 t a t the use lesson, that if Parliament is to do anything it should do it effectually. But there is another diffi culty in legislatingupon this subject, which is more serious. It is tolerably easy to place great maim factories under a certain law, and make companies I and partnerships conform to certain regulations. ' But, according to the Commissioners, nothing has been proved so conclusively to them as the fact that the parents are the persons against whom boys and girls of tender years require moat pro tection. Nor is this any new thing. In 1840 it was stated "that "in all cases the persons that " employ mere infanta and the very youngest cc children are the parents themselves, who put " their children to work at some process of menu " facture under their own eyes in their own " houses." The fact remains the same ; and, unhappily, the cause remains also. Unhappily most frequently it arises from the irregular habits of the fathers, who idle away the beginning of the week, and recover lost time at the end of it by making their children over work themselves. The extent to which this evil prevails is moat serious. It is calculated that out of the 1,400,000 who form the subject of in quiry one-half are employed in the so-called " private houses," or in places which cannot be called factories, but which are described as " small, crowded, dirty, and ill-ventilated." Now in legislating upon this subject it is im- I possible to ignore these facts. To insist that the provisions of the Factory Act shall be applied to the large manufactories while private houses are exempt would be not only unjust, but a fatal blunder ; for it is obvious, as the Commissioners , observe, that the supply "of juvenile and female " labour would be drawn off to the places exempt " from legislation ;' and that a stimulus would be given to the multiplication of the smaller places of work which are " least favourable to the health, - -- . —_ " comfort, education, and general improvement of " the people." On the other hand, it seems doubtful whether Parliament will readily be in duced to sanction so inquisitorial an inter- ferenoe with the rights of individuals as the Commissioners propose ; for if such I powers recommended by the Commissioners were conferred upon any Inspector, they would be entitled to enter into any individual house, and at any hour, and inquire into the manner in which a father or a mother might be dealing with their one child. Such a proceeding would certainly be novel, and it might be considered by very many somewhat obnoxious. At the same time it cannot be doubted that if such a system were carried into effect with judgment and caution, it would have an excellent effect, " not only upon the young " and feeble," but upon the still larger body of adult workers. "It would," say the Commis sioners, "enforce upon them regular and moderate " hours—it would lead to their places of work " being kept in a healthy and cleanly state ; " it would save the rising generation from over-exer tion at an early age, and it would ensure them— at least up to 13—the opportunity of receiving the elements of education. It would be wrong, however, to exaggerate evils so grave, or to despair of improvement. It is now six-and-twenty years since this subject began to be investigated, and since that time matters have decidedly improved. The age at which the youngest children are now employed is somewhat advanced. At that time children sometimes began to work between three and four ; now it is rare to find children employed below six. Now-a-days children are better treated. Cruelty is rare, and suffering from want of food and clothing has dimi nished. Employers in these days are animated by a higher sense of responsibility towards their work people. Efforts for their improvement—formerly described as " very uncommon "—are now very general, while the means of obtaining instruction, both secular and religious, are enormously increased ' and infinitely more efficient. OUR CONTEMPORARIES. (THIS DAY.) Pines proceeflito point it how it erurity. qfiglor for . int the extetiod eafety d Germany. ill to pieces now chiefly because it heta no strength in itself ; and to all appearance the unmilitary and unofficial inhabitants of North Germany are perfectly content to see the Diet overthrown, and to become, either nominally or virtually, Prussian subjects. As in America, so in Germany, the "recon struction of the South" will be the most difficult problem, after the war is over. The ignoble part of Bavaria to the peakeikama now being enacted goes far to show that she is incapable of heading a new Southern Confederation. She has incurred the enmity of Prussia without earning the gratitude of Austria, and when the time comes, if it ever does come, for a rectification of frontiers between Fran& and Germany, she may perhaps learn that an arrangement has been made eminently satisfactory to all parties but herself. Devoting an article to the Venetian campaign / hp° Tines concludes that from this moment what is called "/a grande guerre " is at an end in Italy, and that room is only left for sieges and for the desultory operation■ of petty warfare. The attempt of Custozza was a stroke of sheer madness at the best, the army, chiefly, it is said, under I® Marinora's strategy, being led into a blind alley where advice" was impossible. Even now, however satisfactory Cialdhare progress has been, the Italians are no nearer coming up with a visible and tangible enemy. Strange to say the fleet which was to co-operate with him is not before Venioe, and while nothing is done by sea Cieldini is not likely to venture on any ansustained attack on the land side. As to Venetia itself, indeed, the question seems to have been satisfactorily settled by Prussia's victories and Austria's necessity ; but it is otherwise with the Italian Tyrol, which the Italians will never obtain by treaty, we will not say from the Austrians, but not even from the Prus sians, unless they establish upon it the right of posses sion before an armistice pats an end to further pro gress. Southern Tyrol is to be won by hard fighting. It is too difficult for mere volunteers. Fifty thousand chosen troops would not be too many for an attack on the Tyrol, both on the western passes of the Stelvio, the Tousle, and the Caffaro, and on the eastern side at Val Sultana. Of such an enterprise, however, we have as yet no account. A uttorly failed m ate y m e , for %Oen On the eve of the great battle, remarks the Daily News, which is to determine the fate of Austria and Germany, it is not surprising that the governments most concerned should seek to define their several positions. Prussia has formally stated that she does not desire the annexation of the important kingdoms of Austria now in her possession; Austria, in her turn, declares that she will not accept an exclusion from the new organisation of Germany, and the Monileur refers to the Prussian demand in terms which suggest that the French government did not regard it as an unreasonable requirement. __ . The Past is happy to learn that the Emperor Napoleon has now thoroughly made up his mind to accept the results of a war which threatens the very existence of one of the great Powers of Europe, provided such a break up of Aus tria as may possibly occur does not give a too preponderat ing influence to any other Power. While wishing to do all justice to the motives for which the Constittaioand and the Moniteur claim credit as hay ing uniformly actuated the diplomatic movements of their government, the Herald cannot ascribe to them the merit of having effected much in the interests of pesos. Prussia and Austria might as well have been left to deal with each other independently, if all that the neutral powers can do is to recommend abject submission to the power which has hitherto certainly been worsted in the strife, but which has not yet lost all hope of turning the tables against its adversary. It is pretty clear now that the Emperor of the French will do nothing to prevent the utter humilia tion and ruin of the Austrian empire. The Telegraph believes that if any advance in the Tyrol in the direction of Trent is to be pursued, something much more serious than a mere repulse awaits Garibaldi He has now too many men to feed, and the population, although not hostile, is, to my the least, lukewarm ; while the distance from his base of supply is so considerable as to render any sort of relief precarious. The difficulty in creases with every mile of his advance. and the hostility of the population will grow in exactly the same degree. Further persistence, without some marked success, will not only endanger the volunteers, but imperil the military reputation of a leader who has rendered himself dear to all Earn 3. The Star looks to see the garrison of Venice succumb within a few weeks. The Austrian soldiers are thrown away there, but the road of the Italians to co-operate with the Prussians is not barred. If the bulk of the army of the south is around Vienna, the Italians will overrun the southern provinces and seize Trieste and Istria never again to give them up. THE. PROJECTED MEETING TN HYDE PARR. The Star rislicalet the ukase issued by Sir Richard Mayne against the projected reform demonstra tion in Hyde-park, declaring that the arrogaswe of purpose is only equalled by the ridiculous pomposity of its fussy, foolish style. A meet ing in the park, the Star believes, is entirely legal so long u it is properly conducted. At any rate the question is no more for Sir Richard Mayne's decision than the value of • disputed election return or the genuineness of a title to property. English working men thoroughly understand the position and the authority of Sir Richard Mayne, and would no more think of accepting his decision on • subject which, if it involves any legal question at all, involves a very grave and important one, than they would think of submitting their political opinions to the dictate of the humblest policeman who tramps along his beat. the Court. OSBORNE, JULY 18. The Queen drove out yesterday afternoon, with Princess Louise, and again this morning with her royal highness. I'rince Leopold went out driving yesterday, with Lieu tenant Stirling ; and Princess Beatrice walked in the grounds. Colonel Cavendish, Groom in Waiting to her Majesty, left Osborne yesterday. A deputation, consisting of Mr. Heron (the Town Clerk of Manchester), the Mayor of Bolton, Councillor Mellor, and the Town Clerk of Bolton, accompanied by Mr, Batley, M.P., Mr. Leeman, M.P., Mr. Platt, sip., Mr. Hibbert, M.P., Mr. Hartley, M.P., Mr. E. Potter, M.P., Mr. Barnes, M.P., Mr. Cheetbam, H.P., Colonel Wilson Patten, M.P., Sir Thomas Hesketh, M.P., Mr. Cowan, M.P., and Mr. Bee...oft, M.P., bad an interview with the , Right Hon. S. H. Walpole, at the Home-office, yesterday, upon the subject of the Public Health Bill, and also The Artisans and Labourers' Dwellirgs Bill . . A deputation, consisting of the Hon. A. Kinnaird, M.P., Mr. W. Graham, M.P., Mr. R. Welsh, M.P., Mr. Beecroft, M.P., Mr. Merry, M.P., Mr. T. Barley, M.P., Mr. Lamont, M.P., Mr. H. E. Crum Ewing, M.P., Mr. Sniollett, M.P., Mr. Robertson, M.P., Mr. E. Ackroyd, M.P., Mr. Fildes, M.P., the Lord Provost of Glasgow, Mr. H. Dunlop, Mr. W. Kidston, Mr. J. S. Fleming, Mr. Stephen Mason, and Mr. George Cranford, had an inter view with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, at his official residence in Downing-street, yesterday, to present a me morial praying for the appointment of a royal commission to inquire into the working of the Bank Acts of 1844 and 1845, and into the whole subject of the law affecting cur rency and banking throughout the United Kingdom. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-office from the Governors of the Cape of Good Hope, Natal, St• Helena, and Canada. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge honoured the Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch by her company at dinner yesterday evening, at Montagu House, Whitehall. A distinguished circle had the honour to meet her royal highness at dinner. Lord George Hamilton has arrived at the Marquis of Abercern's, from Canada, on leave from his re;;;ment. General Sir Hugh Rose, it is stated, has been raised to the Peer►ge. _ _ Mr. George Peabody has made another gift of 100,000 dollars to the Peabody Institute established by him at South Danvers. A card signed by " American citizens," appears in a Montreal newspaper proporing Admiral Armpit as • cendidate for President of the United States. The card quotes William IV. of England as • precedent for the elevation of a sailor to the high *Moe. TAR CHURCH HATES QUESTION. The Times thinks the general tune of yesterday's debate unfavourable to the prospects of Mr. Gliidstone's bilL The dissenters are content with it, but the church party are not, so that the measure fails to answer the de scription of a " compromise," and this was the only merit its provisions ever possessed. The plain practical mean ing of the compensating clauses would be that thole who refuse to contribute to the church should cease not only to exercise an interest in it, but even to have a claim on its services. The bill sets the church on one side, and dissenters on the other, and makes the church the pro perty of those who pay for it, not of every one within its reach ; but church rates are far from being the only thing which gives a man a legal right in the establishment. In the various proposals that are made there is a universal oousent that church rates should cease to be compulsory, and the principle being thus conceded, it ought to be the simplest thing in the world that evey body should agree to do what everybody agrees ought to be done. The only difficulty in the way is the supposed necessity for some compensating security to the church. But it is idle to suvpose that in ordinal parishes any legislation can secure that church people shall entrench themselves in their own ecclesiastical pale. The church is the common property of the whole parish, where friends and parents and neighbours have been married and buried, sad round which all parish associations cluster. The people would not be willing to give up their hold on the church, and the church would be supremely unwise if it endevoured to make them. ' " Our tory ministers objecting, as it would seem from Mr. Disraeli's remarks, to the principle of Mr. Gladstone's bill, it would have been desirable, the Daily Neva says, to ascertain how far their opinions harmonise with that of the house. For the sake of peace and quietness we have admitted Mr. Gladstone's bill as a settlement of an irri tating question. But if so fair a measure is rejected, there is :he satisfaction of knowing that the longer the question of church rates is kept open the more thorough education will the public receive on the great principle of religious equality, which is the destined heritage of our children. The advance which that principle has made in public opinion in the last ten years, owing to discussions of this order, is worth every farthing of the money paid within that period as church rates, and is a security for the abolition not only of those exactions hot of every invidious distinc tion founded on differences of religious faith. The Telegraph describes Mr. Disraeli as playing a very cunning card, and as having allowed Mr. Gladstone to accomplish his part of a tacit compact, and a :th then get ting np and coolly abjuring his own. That his followers had silently agreed to the second reading he did not, he could not, deny ; but, he added, they did not accept the mea sure even in principle. Then why did they not oppose it? Surely, with such opinions, a government having any pre tensions to the name was bound not to allow the passing of the bill into committee without recording a vote against it. To retain the confidence of churchmen, and take from a dangerous opponent a fair triumph, Mr. Disraeli stooped I to a dodge. There are so many understandings and negotiations prevalent now, observes the Star, that we shall soon want • new terminology and new definitions of parliamentary procedure. Formerly if the second reading of a bill was not opposed its principle was admitted ; but in our new system it seems possible to maintain absolute neutrality L while performing a parliamentary act which has legally and actually the force of a decision. PROSPECTS OP THE BELLIGERENT& Sketching briefly the circumstances under which the Germania Confederation was created, and showing how utterly popular rights were ignored in framing it, the EVENING, JULY 19, 1866. LATEST IN TELLIG EN C: THE WAR. There can be little doubt that we are on the eve of one of those grand struggles which may be well slowed under the " decisive battles of the world." The negotiations for a suspension of arms hav ing, it appears, failed, some 250,000 Prussians, flushed with victory, are bearing down upon Vienna, north, east, and west, while at least as. many Austrians are ready to meet them. Some accounts pat the Austrian forces now ,encamped about Vienna at the high figure of 400,000 men. It appears indeed that the mass of the Austrian army of the North has succeeded in reaching the capital—a corps d'arm4e having been left to occupy Olmutz—while the best portion of the army of the south must have reached it by this time. It will at all events be no exaggeration to say that at least half a million will be arrayed against each other—the one party "fighting for empire, the other for independence." The empire which is played for is that of Germany ; the independence at stake is that of the very existence of the Austrian mo narchy. To either party the loss of the great battle will be momentous—to Austria, utter ruin ; to Prussia, in all probability, a disastrous rout, if pot the destruction of her fine army, for with the garrisons of Ohnutz, Koniggrats, Josephstadt, and Teresienstadt in their rear and flank, the position of a defeated and retreating army would be perilous in the extreme. The King and Pr:nces of the House of Hohenzollern on one side, the Emperor and the Archdukes of the House of Hapsburg on the other ; the stake played for the political and military d;rection of 50,000,000 of Germans ; an old rivalry and a splended prize— who can doubt that, under such circumstances, the proximate battle will be fought with an obstinacy of which history can afford but few paral lels 1 Florisdorf, where the entrenched camp of the Austrians is placed, is the first station on the northern line of railway from Vienna, and about five miles from the capital. The Prussian army corps seem to be advancing towards the Danube in the direction of Krems to the west and Korneburg, which is directly facing Vienna, on the north. At both points the Danube forms an elbow which renders it favourable for throwing bridges across. Another corps, simultaneously with those corps, will probably cross the River March on the east, strike the railway which connects Vienna with Preaburg, the ancient capital of Hun gary, and either fall upon that city or attempt the passage of the Danube at some point between Vienna and Presburg. Should Vienna fall there is still a retreat open to the Austrians to Hungary by the Raab Railway, but, the battle in the Marchfeld lost, it would be vain for Austria to continue the struggle any further. A few days at most, and the world will know the result of the great contest in anticipation of which it is panting with expectation. In Venetia the Italians cannot find an enemy in the field, and therefore the King has assumed pos session of the province—less the fortresses; and has already taken the initiative for its organization as a portion of the Italian territory. In South-Western Germany the Prussians have already left the Maine behind them, and if success ful before Vienna they will be masters of Germany from the line of the Danube to the Baltic. LETTERS FROM THE HEADQUARTERS, The Times correspondent with the Prussian army ; writing from Hohenmauth on July 9, says that the intelligence of the refusal of the Italian govern ment to accept the cession of Venetia as a condition of peace has been welcome news the Prussian army. There is a greatambition amongst the lattertomarch to Vienna, and the idea is general that Vienna is the objective point of the campaign. Tho Austrian proposal for an armistice of eight weeks was out of the question, as it would have allowed them to be re-united, re-organised, and armed with better weapons. The King did not even grant an inter view to the Austrian general, but directed General von Moltke, the chief of the headquarters staff, to write a courteous letter to him stating that his Majesty was unable to enter into any negotiations with such propositions as a basis. A letter from the Austrian headquarters at Olmutz, July 12, speaks of the energy and spirit which characterise the present movements of Benedek, who is now, however, only second in command. He was at that date sending away vast portions of his army to the new Commander-in-Chief, Archduke Albrecht, at Vienna, and he will soon be left with only a garrison and a covering army of operation at Olmutz, ready to drop on the Prussian flank and rear, and especially adapted for such a task. General Krismanics and Count Clam-Gallas have been released from arrest, but the former chief of the staff still remains in military confinement. The whole of the staff is to be reorganised. The con ' elusion to which so many people in England have come that the war is over is certainly very hasty and ill-founded, so far as Austria is concerned. The " seven days' war " .is • pretty antithetical phrase, but it is nothing more. The resources of the State in men are not sapped ; and although the army has lost much of its confidence it has not lost any of its courage. Already the vanguard of the army of Italy—the advance of some 60,000 of the flower of the Austrian army, all Germans and Hungarians—hem reached Salzburg ; and Benedek has sent down day after day reinforcements to the army which now lies around Vienna till it represents a great force, the outposts of which extend far in front of the city, and are engaged in resisting the advance of the enemy. The soldiers of the northern army, reinforced by the 60,000 veterans, present an imposing front, and the effect produced by the needle gun is actually waning before the analysis of its influence. It appears to wound and not to kill ; that is, in other words, the projectile is so small that the injury it inflicts is not at all equal to that done by the Austrian bullet, unless it penetrates the brain, heart, or some vital place. It skims by a bone without breaking it, and thousands of men—literally thousand, of men put hors de combat are now going about almost fit for service. The number of wounded is out of all proportion to the number killed, and in that respect the weapon is almost superior, or inferior, to old Brown Bess, with which the usu al: ratio of the former to the latter was five to one. The rifle made it three to one. In some encounters the Austrians have bad six wounded to every one man killed. No doubt it is very embarrassing to a general to have hospitals full of wounded, and it is weakening to an army to have its ranks thinned by wounds as well as by men falling out to take the wounded to the rear ; but those who recover from slight wounds are mostly full of fight, and come back anxious to meet the enemy. It is better to have long trains of wounded men who ani only lost for the time than graves full of men who are lost for ever. The three army corps marching on Vienna from the south will also give 20,000 soldiers, not quite so good as the veterans who conquered at Custozza, and the army in front of the city and in the field is now, and for the first time, numerically greater than the Prussian grand army, if It be reduced, es we suppose it to be, by the necessity of its position in keeping open its communications sad in occupying the places which have fallen into its hands. (szurigli Tzutawn.) ITALY. FLORENCE, JULY 18. The rum has signed at Ferrara a decree for the reorganisation of the Venetian provinces. ' ... The Italian fleet has )eft Ancona. On being apprised of the occupation of Borgo forte Prince Carignan° telegraphed his congratu lations to the Duke of Mignano and the forces under his command. ARRIVAL OF PRINCE NAPOLEON AT FERRARA. _ _ FERRARA, JuLT 19. Prince Napoleon has arrived here• Prince Amadena has taken the command of a brigade of grenadiers, instead of s cavalry brigade. RUSSIA:. ST. PETSESSURG. JULY 19. Great preparationtsre being made at Cronatadt for a grand receptions to Captain Fox, the bearer of an address from the United states Congress to the Emperor of Russia, congratulating his Majesty on his escape from the recent attempt at assassina tion. A special reception committee has been formed. SPAIN. MADRID, JULY 18. The official Gazette continnea to publish s large number of resignations and nominations to civil and military posts. AMERICA. The following letter was received by the Tam many Society of Democrats, in answer to an in vitation to be present at their celebration of the 4th of July : Executive Itanilm, Weahington, July 2. Gentlemen,—l thank you for the cordial invitation of the time-honored Society of Tammany to participate with them in the celebration of the approaching anniversary of our national independence. The national tone and patriotic spiritof the invitation meetmyhearty approval. They are in dicationsof a growing public sentiment, which, now thatthe bitter strife of civil war bas ceased, requires a renewal of the pursuit' of peace, a return to the constitution of our fathers, rigid adherence to its principles, increased revs. rence for its sacred obligations ; s restored, invigorated, and permanent union ; and a fraternity of feeling that shall make us, sea people, one and indissoluble. There can be for the patriot no higher duty, no nobler work, than the obliteration of the passions and prejudices which, resulting from our late sanguinary conflict, have retarded recon ciliation, and prevented that complete restoration of all the States to their constitutional relation. with the Federal government which is essential to the peace, unity, strength, and prosperity of the nation. Regretting that my public duties will not permit me to be present at your celebration, I am, very respectfully yours, ANDES' JOHNSON. NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION.-( THIS DAY.) This morning the common appeared all but deserted, and there were few beyond those engaged in the contests to be seen about. The business is rapidly drawing to a close, and the only two items of any importance in this day's programme are the Rifle Oaks, in which nearly every county in England is represented, and which will continue all day ; and the great international competition for the iv/session of the Elcho Challenge Shield. As the Irish are now ad mitted to compete with the selected best eight of England and Scotland, there is a greater amount of interest attached to this eontest. Since the institution of the prize by Lord Elcho, with one exception, it has been won every year by England, and this year there is a strong determination amongst Scotch men, to use evely effort again to secure the prize, so that the two great honours of the meeting—the Queen's Prize and the Elcho Shield—may go to Scotland together. The following are the names of those by whom the respective countries are represented : Moho Challenge Shield.—England : Baker, Evans, Fletcher, Wells, Miller, Pell, Captain Bland, nd Non worthy. Ireland: J. Rigby, Barlow, Cash, W. Rigby, Leech, M'Coyd, Rogers, and Martin. Scotland : Ed ward Rom, J. W. Malcolm, the Master of Lovat, R. J. Dor. (lon, Captain Mitchell, R. Maxwell, J. Dunlop, and J. Wilkin. _ _ . The ranges for this rise are 800, 900, and 1,000 yards, with 15 shots ►t each distance, and when this report left, Scotland was slightly in advance of the rest. Some excellent practice with the Spencer repeater rifle has been going on this morning. This extraordinary weapon takes seven charges at once, and all that has to be done is to move • lever, by which the case of the old cartridge is dropped to the ground and the same motion acting upon • spiral spring in the stock raises another cartridge to its place. No capping is required and consequently almost a continuous stream of bullets can be ' discharged. Should ever these rides be placed in the bands of an army the slaughter must necessarily be great indred. ..... The other items in this day's programme consists of the running deer, pool and sighting, and they were all well patronised this morning. COURT OP COMMON COUNCIL.-(THIS DAY. THE DEAD MEAT MARKET IN SMITHFIELD. At a Court of Common Council holden this morning, under the presidency of the Lord Mayor, Mr. Horace Jones, the City architect, brought up a report de tailing the progress of the excavations, which was con sidered satisfactory. Mr. Lowman Taylor also brought up a report upon the same subject, and he stated although the works were not going on so satisfactorily as could be wished, he was happy to inform the court that the differences between the Great Western and the Metropolitan Railway Companies had been adjusted, and he bad no doubt that both oempanite were really anxious to proceed as expeditiously as possible, and if there was any delay it certainly would not be on the part of the Metropolitan Railway. He had urged upon the enfineers of both railways the necessity for procee din g as quickly as possible, and he believed that by November the works would be in such a state as to enable a roadway to be formed over a portion of the market that would assist the traffic that was diverted by the alterations that were being made at the Holborn Valley Improvement. Immediately after this he maid the Improvement Committee would advertise for tenders to perform the work connected with the erection of the market. The reports were received, and ordered to be printed. Mr. Walpole to-morrow will bring forward a bill for regulating the traffic in the metropolis, and for making provision for the greater security of persons passing i through the streets; and for other purlieus. Major Walker will, to-morrow, ask the Secretary 1 , of State for the Home Department whether, in view of the great decrease of the cattle plague in Scotland, and of the very extensive interests concerned, it is the intention of her Majesty's government so to modify the restrictions im posed upon the transit of sheep in Scotland as to permit the holding of the annual sheep and lamb fairs during the ensuing autumn. On Monday Mr. Rearden will ask the Chief Se cretary for Ireland whether it is the intention of her Ma jesty's government to introduce a bill for advances out of the Consolidated Fund for the purchase and rental of the reclaimable portion of 4,000,000 statute acres of waste land in Ireland, upon security of debentures of U. and up wards upon the lands so reclaimed, and let or sold in farms of 30 acres each, with three cottages, and farm buildings suited to the holdings, with a view to the em ployment of the labouring population, the diminution of emigration and poor's rates, and to the profitable employ ment of the capital and time of tenant farmers in Ireland. MELANCHOLY OCCURRENCE.—On Monday night, Patrick WDoneld, coachman to Mr. Muir, Hunter's quay, Argyleshire, went scum to Blairmore far the pur- Nu of seeing his sweetheart, who is nurse in the house of Mr. I. B. Wingate, a Glasgow manufacturer, residing at Blairmore. He carried a bottle of whiskey with him, sod he and his sweetheart and a party of her fellow-servants set up all night joking and frolicking. Yesterday morning (Tuesday) it was proposed th at some of the company should row WDonald back to Hunter's quay, a narrow arm of the sea, separating the latter place from Blairmore. James M'Muter, coachman to Mr. Wingate, and Mary Hender son, a domestic servant, entered with him into a punt, or small boat. They started, but had not gone beyond 20 yard., when one of the coachmen who was rowing, un shipped his oar and while endeavouring to seize it, he fell into the water? Wu two fellow-pusengers leaned to one side in order to catch hold of him, when the boat upset, and they also were thrown into the sea. M`Master was able to reach the shore by swimming, and ran back to Mr. Wingate's house for assistanee, which was so pump* .rendered, that the woman was got out while in life. Shi, ' however, died soon afterwards. The body of M'Donalil was not recovered till several bean had elapsed. LONDON JOINT STOCK BANK.—(TKLs p ----- "" ar.) , __.___ The half-yearly meeting of the shareholder s ~,., held at noon, at the bank, Princes-street • Ih. 1r -... in the chair. The following report and balance-sheet was The annexed accounts, which the directorsPrettliii satisfaction of presenting to the shareholderw ~., ~,• them thatthenet profit, realised bythebank dye t i s — ' 4 l . " •,:f year ending the 30th June, amounts to 134 571/ 2 1 . u r to • " , , which the sum of 108,0001. is appropriated to th e of the urinal dividend, with • bonus of 111. 3d p r being at the rate of 20 per oentum per annum ea la s • up capital, leaving an unappropriated, balestie at 2.. lid. to be carried forward to profit sad for . 8 , . count, The guarantee fund, with , the sere n i t — ' now amounts to 319,9911.9 - Bd. The dividend sae len, - ; free from income tax, will be payable on and aft nr & _ -- 1 the 27th inst. — W I " Liabilities and meets, Saturday, Jima 30, lfilx_s. To capital paid-up, viz., 72,000 shares m ix ..„,: 1,080,0001.; to amount of ' the guarantee fund,' Bia s ' 1865, 315,2621. 10s. lid. •, to amount due by 4 4 t... 6 .'s current ',exam* deposit receipt., circular notes, °listens*, 18,764,5771. 19s. ;to amount COMM Mat ' and loss account, 230,3981. 19s. Bd.: total, 20.31" 9s. 7d. Cr.: By government stock, valued in n em = with the resolution passed by the general Wafting of sf,; holders, on Jan. 19, 1865, vim., 800,0001. Consol s aid e„, Three per Cents. at 90, 1720,000& ; 345,8861. chased to replace Exchequer Bill leg MI 301 C4s lit le together, 1,020,0001. ; by cosh, 1,191,7691. la. It ; discounted, loans, and other securities, 18,129,0111. le. by building, furniture, &a., at head office and in* 49,429/. Is. 4 d.: total, 20,3 4 0,2391. 9s. 7d. "Profit and Lose Aocount.—Dr. : To current proportion of building expenses, directors' , emuser t h a bed debts, income tax, /to., 39,702/. 18s. ; to asimet ni ried to profit and loss, new account, being rebate of We s on bills discounted nos yet due, 51,396/.; to six le n * interest on "The Guarantee Fund," at 31. per can. t annum, 4,728/. 18s. 9d.; to dividend account, for tis mecealt o f pr haf r .a.year' u s dividend,pon at , the rate of a capital upon 72,000 shares, 6,5001. ;to ditto for 1 ,„, went of a bonne cd lls. 3d. per share, 40,5001.; to 11 1 67 - i carried forward to profit and lose new 26,5711. 2.. 11d.: total, 230,398/. 191. B t i.--0 r ,, 4 balanos brought down, 230,3031. 19e. Bd.: 230,3981. 19s. Bd." "Guarantee Fund. —Dr. : Present amount, 319,991/. total, 319,9911. 9s. Bd.—Cr.: Amount on the 31st ber, 1865 315,2621. 10s. 11L ; by interest on ditto n June, 18 46, at 3/. per mint per annum, 4,7281. ln. IL total, 319,9911. As. Bd." The Onanthars, after declaring the dividend and at the rate of 20 per cent. per annum, moved the of the report. He said when the vicissitudes and of the last six months were considered it must be ing to the meeting that that bank had continued the tenour of its way, avoiding losses and at the sum not Minting the accommodation of it. c During the trying months of May and Jose bank was in a serf strong position, and sines last meeting the number of accounts had beet creased by 537. (Cheers.) The policy of that bank had safety. The board had always oked to that first • although they began to see a fair prospect before ye t while there was a war in Europe, and the result II was uncertain, and the Bank rstewas 10 per they would continue to exercise great caution. The ing of the Chancery-lane branch had proved sa • He then paid a compliment to the managers sad editors for the widows' manner in which they had formed their arduous duties. After a short discussion the report was adopted. Mr. John Knowles was chosen a director, in piste at Lancaster, deceased, to whose memory the Charrem a high eulogium. A vote of thanks to the Chairman aLd the AR d'-ectors terminated the proceedings. DEATH BY POISON.-UNHAPPY CASE. A lengthy and painful inquiry took plies /. evening (Wednesday), before Mr. C. St. Clare Beffero the board-room of St. James's Workhouse, relative k death of John Boots, 36 years of age, who died fan poisoning with oxalic acid. Henry Dodson, brother-in-law to the deceased, idol* the body of decamped, who was an eleetro-plater gig and silver. He last saw deceased alive en Monday swig taking a glass of ale in Greek-street, Soho. He was 0 well and cheerful, and of very sober habits. He balm heard him threaten to oommit suicide. By the Coroner—Demeased was not in the habit of said oxalic acid. He had married ten months since, said union proved of an unhappy character. His wife lth 1 three months after marriage, taking away the faint She returned a month ago, and left again. She spies* to deceased on Saturday last. Several letters were here produced, which wen fed on deceased, expensive of complaints against kis* whom he called " Annie." Annie Bootee, • stout, well-dressed woman, VII IS brought into court crying. Having been sworn, nem the following evidence during repeated tears and ass sobs. She said she was the wife of deceased. On Mak evening they had some words. She thought is id been drinking • great deal, and he wanted to p * again. They had a severe quarrel, and 'she told* she would leave the next day. He went out top. She said it would be a good thing if he never was* but he returned at half-put 10. He wanted when fetch him some gin, and she went down stairs to in 1 she could get a little girl to go as she had no boa* 01 again into the room he kissed her, sad adsgoing " Anni . look on the table." He then fell on a noir, WI made a noise in his throat, and breathed bard. Hs el nothing more. (Witness was here very much nem* By the Coroner—He had asked her to die with leis, it she did not think he would poison himself. Sergeant Simpkin, 11 C, said that on Monday en* about 9 o'clock, the wife of deceased requested bin by into the house and take her husband into custody, el Is had been drinking, and was breaking all the tiller it b room. She was *ending at the door, and sees** much excited. She said "My husband is bran* 4 things" He said he could not interfere, and Mein** t ogo in. She did so and shut the door. Dr. J. W. Macke's*, of 31, Glint Marlbornenkoll deposed to being called to deceased by his wife at s mar 4 to 11 on Monday night last. He described the plat l back drawing-room. lie found the man lying on label The woman was quite sober and in her menses. She* to deceased and called him by name. He examined deed and found him quite dead, restorative messumsbeiagils avail. Further evidence was given showing that dews* out without a hat, and returned with a new cap. The wife accounted for that by saying that duns quarrel she broke up her husband's hat and threw it ' the street. The jury returned a verdict " That the decal* II from the effect of oxalic acid, but there is not WW I evidence to show how it was taken or administered." The Cormier asked the foreman if it WOO Wei that that verdict was to be received as des 110 character. The foreman replied that was the unanimous 0 0 11 ' The proceeinp then terminated. SUICIDE IN A WORKHOUSE. An inquiry was held by Mr. Hach coroner, at the City of London Union-holm, last eefil relative to the suicide of Philip Bass, aged 32 years Susannah Baas, 4, Wliteliartpusage, Liquonloaddr, said that her deceased husband was an ostler. Ellm his reason in December last through grief at the dealk, a little daughter, and also from anxiety lest hesbosldaer able, through ill-health, to support his family prefoli'l. tried to kill himself at that time. He was forthre s ss . in the lunatic ward of St. Pancras Workhouse, discharged. Ten days afterwards he leapt from . 7 bridge, and he was got out of the river by an ilolok l t, police, and taken to the City of London Unica. 0."" well eared for in the City of London Union, but it eo in the St. Pancras Workhouse. In St. Fauns On o not care so long as they got rid of hint, and they 11. he was fit to go out when he was not. Edward Holland, labour muter at the City of L. 4 / 1 1 Union, said that he found the deceased on Manleyl ing last, hanging in the stable loft by a pair of milt had evidently been hanging during the nigh ,t• warded with 20 others in No. 45 ward, and above '— slept there. There was a wardsman—en old fia-0 see that all were in bed, and to report to the Istres-,i, Henry Unaworth, an inmate, 7.1 years old, si d was wardaman of 41i ward, and at 8 o'clock every e an old man named Wood came, and asked if ed a s bed, and it was witness's duty to report accorWelV: as . Sunday night he did not know whether deceased ertls, ward or not until Wood came and reported on morning that he had committed suicide. , Dr. C. Hope Buncombe, surgeon to the Cit y Union, said that he was called to the deceased en and found him dead from hanging. On the 2ite J l 7 o i, last he was found by the police in the TharcelLt brought here. He was of unsound mind. Latterg "Ith so far improved that be was allowed to work ia with other men 8 , and the men so employed were to be in bed at o'clock. slid el l Hr. J. Saunders, master of the workho use, . . fi s it was the duty of the nurse to see that the paus."'',_, all in bed and report 4 to witness, but she, 0 1 :1 +l' AA: female, had some de about going into I s Wood was allowed to go or her. On Sunday night ported to witness that all were in bed except ~Ns stablemen and an organ-blower at a City antra-jai always supposed that the " stable men " went i° they got some supper from witness's kitchen. a l # The jury returned a verdict of " Suicide • irlele sound mind." A MISTAKEN COMPLIXENT.—AN an at Florence lately addled upon a Florentine rank to congratulate her on the cession France. " Madame," replied the Member I.' st ,_;„ would rather our army were destroyed W the wrsei than that Italy should accept Venetia from Freres; I have three sena in the ranks." COURT mom v. IT t. Wray Dr. f In Queen's Pros soeschnwt nt ad'unery. two prostitu ennunitted eestiniod• (The 011118 ISTEAORDI Margaret lbw before Si the camp • fate with h viral severe Mrs. Me • William Jo • residing at alas was sift' the prisoner three tim hair of he threw her about the wounds and mass of d in surgical • • ' while giving fainting • where the d• right cheek - Sir R. W. 4 awn bad • 4 Witness some things them as she she lent the shout it, prisoner's h of the qu ~, Thep • 4 names, and i hand on he I, Sir R. W r ante of the AItOTHER George R street, W smiting on d ur i ng Eastern lin The aom of Germ& live in liac • et 1! o'fil • tome to Sh up nsy y zE e t Kr. o earriego Ownpla y i • sad did n When he chest. Cress-e and you oh yes, I Defend WillLr 11 o'clock Station w seeond-e sitting in each. 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