The Express. — London, England, 1846-09-11 00:00:00

COLONIAL AUSTRALIA. Papers from Hobart Town and Lzunoseton have been received in the city, but the dates, 9th and 10th of April, are not so late as those previously in band. From Port Phillip papers are brought down to the Bth of May, but beyond the continued discussions on the se- %ration question they contain nothing of interest. It may Iv gathered from some of the Sydney papers that public • opinion there was no longer so adverse to the separation s ought for by Port Phillip. These papers bring advises from Sydney to the end of April, which are later than have yet come to hand direct. They state that the boundary lines of the colonies of Port Phillip and New South Wales were under the consideration of the Sydney government, and it is asserted, as positive, that the establishment of Port Phillip as a distinct colony would be announced es a measure eon eluded on in the speech of the governor on opening the kg alative aessioa a few days subsequently. Sir George Gippe, the governor, is said to have taken his passage for England by the Posthumous tnerchant ship, which was ad veitised for immediate sailing, so that he may be looked for daily. Sir Charles Fitzroy, the new governor, was not expected till the end of the year. ale court. ROYAL VICTORIA AND ALBERT YACHT. FALMOUVII, Sept. 7.—Her Majesty remained off Bt. Michael's until the forenoon yesterday. Earl Spencer performed Divine service on board the yacht. Toe Queen walked to the top of St. Michael's Mount, and all over the old castle. At four o'clock, p.m., her Majesty proceeded to Falmouth, and anchored there for the night. At eight o'clock, a.m., this morning, his Royal Hiihness the Prince, accompanied by the Mineral Agent of the Duchy of Cornwall, Mr. Anson, and Sir James Clark, Bart., proceeded to the Muisted mince 8 miles distant, and to the Polberon console mines at St. Agnes, 12 miles distant, to view the valuable copper mine at the former, and the tin mine at the latter. His Royal Highness witnessed the whole process of working the ore at each, and examined minutely all the newly invented machinery. His Royal IlLthness proceeded to Truro to inspect the new Town-hall and Stannery-court, of which hie Royal Highness is the Lord Warden. In the afternoon her Majesty embarked on board the Fairy, and proceeded about ten miles up the River Fal to Truro. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cornwall, who generally accompanies her Majesty on ull expeditions, has excited the greatest interest amongst the loyal inhabitants of his duchy. The Royal suite were the only guests at her Ma jesty's table at dinner. SEPT. 9.—The Queen, Prince Albert, and the Royal children left Falmouth at eight o'clock, a. u. yesterday, and anchored in the wide harbour of Fowey, ut ten o'clock. Three carrhges and four were there waiting to convey the Royal party to Restormel Castle, the property of his Royal Highness the Duke of Cornwall, a noble ruin of the seat of the ancient dukes. After lug ecting the castle, h•r Majesty proceeded to the Restortnel iron mine, where preparations were made for her Majesty and the Prince to enter the mine. Her Majesty and Prince Albert entered one of the ore carts, lined with green baise, and were drawn by eight miners two hundred fathoms into the receipts of .the mine. Her Majesty alighted from her cart, and witnessed the pro cess of hewing the ore. His Royal Highness also took a lesson in the art of using the hammer, and various specimens of ore were conveyed away. Her Majesty returned through Lostwithiel, where a loyal address was presented by the inhabitants, and re turned to Fowey at half-past two o'clock, stopping to examine the beautiful residence of Mr. Trefoy, from whence her Majesty and her Royal Consort walked down through the town to the river, and entered the bargo at three o'clock. The Queen remained at sea all night, the yacht going half-speed after dark. Her Majesty and Prince Albert and :be royal children landed at Osborne-pier at nine o'clock this (Wednesday) morning. His Royal Highness Prince George returned to town yesterday, from a visit to her Majesty the Queen Dowager, at Cashiobury-park, Herta. Mr. Celquhoun had an interview with Earl Grey yesterday, at the Colonial-office. The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Lady Mary Wood returned to town yesterday, from a visit to the Duke and Duchess of Bedford, at Woburn Abbey, Bedfordshire. The Right lion. Sir George Grey returned to town yesterday, from a visit to the Hon. Locke King, at Woburn, Chertsey. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial office, from the Governor of the hlauritius. Despatches were also received yesterday, at the Colonial-office, from the Governors of Malta and Gibraltar. CITY IMPROVEMENTS.—Yesterday a meeting of the inhabitants of the Tower Ward was held at the Ship, Water-lane, to consider the propesed alterations in that 'vicinity, and to take measure, to protect the interests of the parties as well as promote the public convenience. After a good deal of discussion in reference to the various schemes proposed for making a more commodious communication between the docks and the east-end of London, which all present agreed was necessary, it was resolved to request Alderman Lucas to call a public meeting at his earliest con venience, in ordi r to petition government to make the necessary alterations. RELIGIOUS DISSENSION.—Last evening a meeting of the parishioners of St. Lawrence Jewry and St. Mary Magdalen, Milk-street, was held in the vestry room " to take into consideration the measures to be adopted in conse quence of the vicar (the ltev. A. Burgh) having refused to allow the Rev. Richard Shutte, the recently-elected Sunday evening lecturer, the use of the pulpit to preach the lecture. Mr. Bruce, the senior churchwarden, took the chair, and Mr. Bamford, the junior churchwarden, moved all the reser lotions. He said that the Rev. Mr. Wetatcr, having re signed the office of Sunday es ening lecturer in May last, the parishioners expressed a wish that the Rev. Mr. Shutte (who is a minor canon of St. Paul's) should be appointed, ' and the vicar said that he should not object to it if that gen tleman could produce testimonials as to his efficiency. The testimonials were procured from the Lord Bishop of Llan daff, and Mr. Shutte was elected by the parishioners, the vicar promising him the use of the pulpit the next Sunday. To the surprise of all, however, who heard it, the vicar refused to let him have the use of the church, and still persisted in the refusal. Resolutions condemning the conduct of the vicar, declaring that he is neither equal to nor qualified for the effi cient discharge of the clerical duties of the parish, and that he will be highl t censurable, and behave disrespectfully to aline majority of his parishioners, should he continue to refuse his pulpit, and appointing a committee to communicate with the vicar, were agreed to ; Mr. Rogers dissenting, and de claring that the second resolution, describing the vicar as inefficient, was cruel and untrue. In the course of the meeting Mr. Rogers said that he was instructed by the vicar to say that, in consequence cf some printed sermons delivered by Mr. Shutte, he now conscientiously doubted whether his doctrines were in conformity with the Gospel. WOOD PAVEMENT, CIIEAPSIDE.—At a meeting of the Commissioners of Sewers for the city, held in the Court Room, Guildhall, yesterday, it was determined that the wooden pavement in Cheapside should remain till next spring, when it is to be taken up, and Cheapsido paved with granite, in the same manner as fleet-street. REMOVAL OF FEMALE CONVICTS.—On Wednesday 71 female convicts were conveyed from the Penitentiary at Millbank, on board the Elizabeth and Henry transport, lying off the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich, on their way to Van Diemen's Land. One woman, sentenced to a lengthened term of transportation, was accompauied by her husband and four children, the latter being allowed to embark with her for the colony, but not the husband, who solicited to be allowed to accompany his wife and children. As this could not be permitted, he expressed his determination to give the little money he possessed, as well as to work on the passage as a sailor in some other ship then going to Van Diemen's Land, in order to join his family in their captivity. EAST SUFFOLK AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION.—We have received a report of the fifteenth annual festival of this society, which consisted of a cattle show and a dinner, at which Lord Rendlesham presided. It presents no points of sufficient interest to allow of our giving it in detail. SINGULAR BEQUESTS.—'fIte will of Mary Anne Johnson, late of Well-walk, Hampstead, spinster, who died on the 6th ult., peace' the seal of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury on the Ist. instant. The personal estate of the testatrix, is sworn under 2d,0001. Tho will contains the fol lowing bequests :—" I give to my black dog Carlo an an nuity of 30/. a year during the dog's life, to be paid half yearly. Unto each of the cats, Blacky, Jemmy, and Tom, I give an annuity of 101. a year for the three cats, to be paid half-yearly. Margaret Poison and Harriet Holly, my mo ther's old servants, to take charge of the dog and cats." — Query: What will the authorities at the Legacy Duty Office do ? As it respects " Legacy Duty," the legatees are cer tainly " strangers in blood" to the deceased, and in that capacity are liable to a duty of 10 per cent. on the value of their life interest ; but the Legacy Duty Act, on the other hand, says nothing about duty payable on legacies bequeathed to dogs and cats.—Globe. ACClDENT.—Yesterday afternoon, whilst one of the large hods filled with bricks was being hoisted by means ofsome machinery used for that purpose, at the new houses of Perliisment, a portion of the rope broke, and the hod and its tontea:e fell to the ground, knocking down two of the work men, one named R. Shannon, and the other J. Brown, a fine young man, aged 21, of Holland-street, Westminster. soon as passible the men were extricated, when Brown was found with his head and face dreadfully mangled and Lliefittured. The two men were removed to Westminster a° ol tal. It was then ascertained that, except a few severe onuses and contusiemar the man Shannon had escaped. Brown never rallied, i:nd death in the space of an hour terminated his sufferings. The deceased bad only been turned one month. INQUESTS HELD YESTERDA7.--BY Mr. Carttar, at the Duke of Kcnt, Royal Hill, Gres . is on the bly of Richard Ryder, aged 43, who commiti'id suicide on N ed. acids,. morning.' Decea sed was found on .Ilet morning sus ratled by a rope from the bannisters. A riedi cal m an "Tula been sent for, he - pronounced him deed.. He,.had tame before attempted self-destruction. Verdict. om insanity.—By the same coroner, at the Eight i ll 'i 'Alurch-street, Greenwich, on the body of Hannah WL.‘1.9. 1 , 1 7 years of age, lady's maid to a Miss Carter of 38, Yon: - , Portman-square, and of Loarniit-hill, Lewisham. wed hail received from Miss Carter a letter, which was Produced, alleging that the deceased had kept back certain Isms , of money entrusted to her to pay over to the washer etiles, and desiring her to obtain another situation. .1)e eseeei been. mei ellielek lopyisk e is the most positive ' weak ant My et oho lea bus ', charge. The body wee alwerods piabasep lathe Temp. Mies Carter, who wa=talind eat trAthei __the letter she had the dew of edine the mosey was 411011Plia. " Pm' drowned." Whilst this hr satio vle lag UM, third the ea= dicer received of a a to By Mr. T. Watley, at the ll a High Admira l, ' Agar-town, on view of the body of George Laker, aged 62, a ladies' shoemaker, lately_ resifts& No. 6, North-street, in that neighbourhood. Deposed was drowned in the Regent'. Canal on Sunday • ant on examining the body the brain was found to marks of serous apoplexy, and the surgesin bad seem Esebb whether he actually died from that disease, atter taterbe the water or from suffoca tion. It was not Ise the jeer to solve a scientific question which the medial sereesr mid was a most difficult one, and they found a mast of " Drowned whilst bathing."—By Mr. Bedford, at the Flask T , Ebury-square, on the body of Joseph Mahon, aged 21. The deceased had been a porter at the Polytechnicon, Belgrave-square, and between one and two o'clock on Wednesday morning last was found sleeping in an unfinished 'house in I.°w:ides s:pier*, on a heap of shavings. He was taken to the Ebury square police station, and locked up in one of the cells along with a drunken cabman, and the cell was visited at intervals of 20 minutes up to 2.5 minutes to six o'clock, when the deceased was discovered hanging by a handkerchief f 'trued to an iron her in the cell window. The body wee still warm, but the efforts to restore animation were ineffectual. It appeared that the deceased was subject to an overflow of b:ood to the head, which rendered him at times incapable of answering for his actions. Verdict, "Temporary insanity." —By Mr. Payne, at Guy's Hospital, on the body of a female whose name is supposed to be Jane Robertson, about 3.5 years of age, and a single woman. Deceased, last Monday week, had a cup of coffee at the Cheltenham Coffee-house, Westminster Bridge•road, and mixed arsenic with it. She was removed to the above institution, where she died on Tuesday last. The cause she assigned for taking the poison was great distress. She gave the name of Jane Robertson at the station-house, but she would give no account of herself at Vie hospital. There was a mark on her flannel petticoat, " Lambeth Workhouse—on loan." There were no papers, and only 81d. in her pocket. Upon this evidence the inquiry was adjourned to Wednesday next. „ THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY embarked, which cannot fill to stimulate our best exerlons for the future, in a cause in which the glory of the country and the prosperity of every person in it, from her Majesty herself down to the lowest of her subjects, is involved. In the second plat,, I may be permitted to congratulate myself in Oa* baying to address you in the town of Southampton, thaklown which is closely associated with my earliest recellections, and brings to my mind the remini scences of younger days. (Loud cheers.) Returning to it after the lapis of years I now see (as I must in every other grad town) a great and important change—a start forward in commerce, and a great development of its re sources ; and facts have been stated to me which lead me to believe that it is now in progress of resuming that position in the maritime history of the country which it ones occu pied. It is already one of the great links of communication between England and her distant Indian e.npire. Not one of the least important advantages of this society is that it brings us in constant contact with that great phenomenon, the immensity Of our national progress. Go where you will the activity now prevailing in the onward progress sf England is impressed upon us, and every year we find it placed more and more under the guidance of that science which it is our office and design to promote and advance and to which the meetings of this society in various parts of the country have greatly contributed. Aud firmly believing as I do that the resources of science are inexhaustible, I look forward to the future with nothing of foreboding, but wi.h that hope which is free from all feelings of self-aggrandize ment. As to the business ofrbe society during the past year the report of the council has placed before you a statement so luminous and complete, that I need not dilate upon it. Still, I must offer a few words of congratulation on the pro sperity of our observatories in foreign countries. In all our applications to the government of this country—to the Bad India Company, and to foreign governments, we have been met in the most cordial and liberal spirit. (Hear, hear.) Nothing that we have asked for has been refused, and all we could wish in the way of assistance has been granted. In this respect, I believe, my successor will have to say still more to you. The learned professor having referred to a report received from a foreign member, in reference to magnetic and meteorological observations, and to the recent astronomical discoveries, said be had done his best to reflect some part of the light which the accident of his position and the good company he had been cast among rather than any knowledge of his own bad placed him in possession of. The real onus of the business of the British Society fell upon the secretaries, and to those gentle men he owed his best thanks for the kindness and advice which he had received from them on all occasions. His' successor, Sir It. J. Murchison, had almost, from the com mencement of the Association, occupied the office of one of it: general secretaries, and when they conrilered the zeal and activity he had displayed, and the great pains he bad taken to advance the objects of the society, they must admit that he was eminently fitted for the position he was now called upon to fill. But it was not merely for services of that nature that he had been called to the presidency of the Association. He did not inter.d, in Sir it. Murchisou's presence, to enlarge on his personal character, that was too well known to the Society to need any testimony of his ; hut he could wish he were more cognizant than he was of that useful and important department of science which Sir It. Murchison had so well illustrated ; for if he were competent for such a task, he should not feel disposed to spare his friend's modesty on that occasion : but he might appeal to every geologist—to a Burkland, a Home, a D. la Beche, and others to speak of the value of Sir It. Murchison's services in that branch of science. He would not longer detain the meeting from the pleasure of hearing their new Pre4dent address them from his chair. Sir John Herschel then retired from the chair, which was taken by Sir R. MURCHISON, who, in a few moments rose, and after complimenting the late President fur his distinguished abilities and efficient services, addressed the association as follows : LADIOI AND Geyrt.►wr_y.—After 15 years of migration to SWIMS cities and towns in the United Kingdom, you are fur the first time assembled in the South-Eastern dish-tits of tlligland. at the solicita tion of the authorities and inhabitants of Southampton. Easily accessible on all sides to the cultivators of science, thin beautiful and flourishing sea-part is situated in a district so richly adorned by nature, so full of objects for scientific contemplation, that, supported as we are by new friends in England, and by old friends from the farthest regions of Europe, we shall indeed be wanting to ourselves, if our proceedings on this occasion should not sustain the high character which the British Association Las hitherto maintained. For my own part, though deeply cumulous of my inferiority to my eminent prelecesaor in the higher branches of science, I still venture to hope that the devotion I have manifested to this Astoeiation from its origin to the present day, may be viewed by you as a guarantor for the zealous execution of my duties. Permit me then, gentlemen, to offer you my warmest acknowledgments for having placed me in this honourable position : and to assure you, that I value the appro.. hation which it implies as the highest honour which could have been beatowed on me—an honour the more esteemed from its being con ferred in a county endeared to me by family connexions, and in which Irece to have made my first essay as a geologist. 'forigin,jprogrese and objects of this our " Parliament of Science ^ have been so thoroughly explained on former occasions by your sue r:mire Presidents, particularly in reference to that portion of our body which cultivates the mathematical, chemical and mechanical aciencee, that after briefly alluding I. some of the chief results of by gone years, with a view of bnprereing upon our new member. the general advances we have made, I shall in this discourse dwell more particularly on the recent progress and present state of natural his tory, the department of knowledge with which my own pursuits have been mist connected, whilst 1 shall also Incidentally advert to wine of the proceedings which are likely to occupy our attention during this meeting. No sooner, gentlemen, had this amociation fully established Its character as a legitimate representative of the science of the United Kingdom, and by the reports which It had published, the researches which it had instituted, and the other substantial eerviece which it had rendered to ecienee, had secured public respect, than it proceeded towards the fulfilment of the lust of the great objects which a Brew ster and a Harcourt contemplated at its foundation, by inviting the attention of the government to important national points of scientific interest. At the fourth meeting held in Edinburgh, the Association memorialised the govi foment to increase the forces of the Ordnance Geographical Survey of Britain, and to eaten.' speedily to Scotland the benefits which hail been already applied by that ialminabk estab lishment to the south of Eagland, Wales and Ireland. From that time to the present it has not united to call the notice of the Minis ters; of the day to every great scientific measure which armed, after due consideration, likely to promote the interests or raise the character of the British nation. Guided In the choke of theme appli cations by a committee selected (ruin among its members, It has sedulously avoided the presentation of any request which did not rest on a rational heals, end our rulers, far from resisting such appeals, have uniformly and cordially acquiesced in them. Thus it won when, after paying large rums from our own funds for the reduction of large mass," of astronomical observations, we represented to the government the necessity of enabling the Astronomer Royal to perform the same work on the observations of his predecessors, which had socumu.ed in the archives of Greenwich, our ap peal was answered by arrangements for completing so im portant a public object at the public expense. Thus it was when contemplating the vast accesaion to pure ecienoo as well as to useful maritime knowledge, to be gained by the exploration of the South Pular regions, that we give the first impulse to that project of the great Antartie expedition, which, supported by the influence of the Royal Society and its noble I:reirident, obtained the full assent of the government, and led to results which, through the merits of Sir James Item and his companions, have shed a bright lustre on our country, by copieus additions to geography and natural history, and by affording numerous data for the development of the Laws that regu late the ma,netiam of the earth. The mention of terrestrial magnetism brings with It a crowd of recollections creditable to the British Amociation from the perspicuous manner in which every portion of fresh knowledge on this important subject has been stored up in our Pt./Wind, with a view to generialeation, by Colonel Sabine and others; whilst a wide field for its diffusion and combination has been secured by the congresa held at our bast meeting, at which some of the most distinguished foreign and British magneticians were anion bled under the presidency of Sir John Ilerschell. It is indeed most .ti-rectory for us to know, that not only did all the recommendations of the Association on this subject which were presented to our government meet with a most favourable reception, but that in conacquenee of the representations made by tier Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to the public authmitice of other countries which had previously taken part in the system of co-opera live observation, the governments of Kumla, Austria, Prussia, and Belgium have notified their intention of continuing their respective mimetic:al and meteorological observations for another term of three years. In passing by other instances in which public liberality has been directed to channels of knowledge which required opening out, I must not omit to notice the grant obtained from our gracious Sovereign, of the Boyd Obeerratory at Kew, which, previously dia -1 mantled of its astronomical instruments, has been converted by us into a station for observations purely physical, and especially foe these details of atmospheric phenomena which are so minute and nunterouri and require such unremitting attention, that they Imperi ously call fur separate eritabliahmenta. In realising this principle, we cum now refer british and foreign philosophers to the otnarriatory of the British Amomation at Kew, where I have the authority of mom adequate judges for saying they will find that a great amount of electrical and meteorological observation has been made, and • systematic inquiry into the intricate subject of atmospheric electricity carried out, by Mr. Ronald:a, under the suggestions of Professor Wheatstone, to which no higher praise can be given than that it has, in fact, furnished the model of the proems," conducted at the Koval Observatory of Greenwich. Thin establishment is besides so useful through the (wiliees which It offers for researches into the working of self-registering instruments which are there constructed, that I earnestly hope it may be sustained as heretofore by aenual grants from our fonds, partandarly as It Is accomplishing considerablereoults at very small cost. Our volume fur the List year contains several communications on physical subjects from eminent foreign cultivators of science, whom we have the pleasure of reckoning amongst our corresponding mem bers, and whose communications, according to the image of the As ; aoeintion, have been printed entire amongst the reports. In a discus:don of the peculiarities by which the great cornet of 1843 was distinguished, Dr. Von lioguslawsli of Breslau has taken the occasion to announce the probability, resting on calculations which will be pub. nailed in Schumacher's " Astremonrisehe Naeltrichten," of the Wen , City of thin cornet with several of a similar remarkable charach r recorded in history, commencing with the one described by Aristotle, which appeared in the year 371 before our era; should his calculations be considered to establish this fact, Dr. Von. Boguslawaid proposes that the comet should hereafter be dietinguiahed be the name of " Aristotle's Comet: The communication contains also some highly Ingenious and Immintanatignsiderations relating to the physical causes of the plannomens 'Moneta. }Jr. Tag Zama et *Om of the adventurous geographical aglow and agraillika via imp ef the active members of the =We* coop= git munoniested through his ono some interesting angsdnasnla w Ile introdinsmle effect, of the friction of conducting enbeinalen, endhie pihrhed eat the differences between these and normal Onrino.slas OWL Baron Von .g r e ' n - ften - berst(;rho Is an admirellemmumin Whew mash may be done by a liberal Leal for science combined with an independent fortune) has published an amount of the seleella with whkde self-registering meteorological inetramate bow been established at hie observatory at Seutenberg, ea veil seal Its astiestal observatory at Prague. Of our own members, Mr. Hirt hes contributed a second report on atmospheric waves, in continued= of the investigation which origi nated m the discussion by Sir Jan Llerschell, of the mete° observations which, at his sospetion, were made in various =f the globe, at the periods cid* elvisoxes and solstices, etormosslag with the year 1834. In a communication tees usstlag of the Association at Task, Colonel Sabine traced with area lIIIMEMB (from the heady deer vations at Toronto) the alba of the single diurnal as ink annual progressions of temperature, in producing on the sisal vs pours and gaseous elements of the atmosphere, the welLknown giro pessions of daily and yearly barometrical pressure. To the con-' elusions which he then presaged, and which apply, perhaps gams. rally, to situations not greatly leaned in the interior of huge Mets of land, the came author has oiled. in the last volume, sordnable explanation of the more maindseled phenomena which lappet at pouts where Lind and as brimem. lowing with tiiwidv. medify periodically and locally the andliagoa sod istessere et Ise sphere. Taking toe his asks lhsimbhoorly ot.westiors ~End a the Observatory of Bendny hyDr. Sisk Oslossi Shim.- sossesgell In demonstrating tee Ills bole* f deable deaf orebreselest games* pressure, in aerie milk theism =I swami of the sir fromsurfaces d land bed miter tied* ore tostaily , sista by best. And thus the diurnal minim et the dolly presume eta Oat within the trog it es, and on the mega of the sea, is _entiled b 1 the fan reason which was seurnied by fade asneed la the interior of the vast continent of North Amides. Among the many meth! Adana' objects whiehhstsbemlroaoted BRITISH ASSOCIATION. SOUTHAMPTON, THURSDAY NIGHT.—The meetings of the sections, which may be looked upon as the chief busi ness of the gathering, so far as the objects of the association are concerned, commenced this morning, and will be conti nued de die in diens until Wednesday next. They are seven in number, and are devoted to inquiries into as many prin. cipel branches of science. Their arrangement is as follows : —Section A, for Mathematical and Physical Science, is pre . sided over by Sir John F. W. Herschel, Bart. F.R.S., the Secretaries being Dr. Seevelly and Messrs. Stok es and Drew. Section B—Chemical Science, including its application to Agriculture and the Arts • President, Michael Faraday, LL.D. F.R.S. • secretaries, Dr. Miller, and Mesas". Hunt and R a ndall . gection C.—Geology and Physical Geogra phy : President, Leonard Horner, Esq. ; Vice-President for Geography, G. B. Greenough, Esq . ; Secretaries, Professor Oldham, Dr. Norton, Dr. Beke, and Mr. Austen.—Section D—Zoology and Botany : President, Sir John Richardson, M.D. F.R . S. ; Secretaries, Dr. Liinkester, and Moors. Wollaston and Wooldridge.—Section E—Pbysiology : Presi dent, Professor Owen, F.R S. • Secretaries, Dr. Sargent, Dr. La Dock, and Mr. Keels.—Section F—Statistics : Presi dent, G. R. Porter, Esq. ; Secretary, Rev. J. L. Shupoott.— Section G—Mechatacs : President, the Rev. Professor Willis, F.ll. S. ; Secretaries, Messrs. Manby and Betts. Section A held* its meetings at the Assembly Rooms ; B, at the Polytechnic Institution ,• C, D, and F, at the Victoria ' Rooms • E, at the Bugle Hall ; and (1, at a room in the High-st reet. All the sections except G sat to-day. The papers read in section A were : " A report on Gauss's Magnetic Constants," by Professor Erman ; " On the bands formed by partial interception of the prismatic spectrum," by Professor Powell; "On the Constitution and Forces of the Molecules of Matter," by Mr. R. Laming ; "On the Variation of the Magnetic Needle," by J. 0. Hurtley ; and a paper " Oo Magnetic Causation and Intrinsic Forces," by 0. Towler. In erection B the papers were: "On the Chemi cal Action of Water, in the suburbs of Southampton, on Lead in solving the metal, and holding it in solution, to the detri ment of Health," by Mr. H. Osborne ; " A Report on the Actinosraph, an.l notices of the progress of experiments on the influence of Light en the Growth of Plants," by R. Hunt. In section C, the first paper read was by R. Keels, Esq., " On the Artesian Well on the Southampton Common." This paper appeared to be the main point of intezest, and section C was consequently more fully attended than any of the others. A discussion arose as to the probability of the well yielding the expected supply of water, in the course of which Prefereor Hopkins explained that theory was against the success of the experiment. The artesian well at Paris entered the chalk in the centre of a sort of basin formed by the strata, where 'the wrier would bo in the greate.st abundance at all times; and at a place where, as far as was known, there had been no dislocation; whereas the surface of the chalk formation at Southampton dipped to the sea gradually, and ran abruptly on the other side at the Isle of Wight, where there had evidently been a consi derable dislocation. Some of the subscribers complained that, according to the Professor's statement, they had been induced to throw away their money in an experi ment which could not be successful; but the Pro fessor advised the continuance of the work, as it was possible that in practice the experiment might succeed. The other papers in this section were—" On the Origin of the Coal in the Silesian Coal-fields," by Professor Ooeppert, of Breslau, communicated by Sir R. I. Murchison; and a " Report on the Microscopic Structure of Shells," by W. Carpenter, M.D. F.R.S. The papers read in section D were : " Additions to a Synopsis of the Clas•ification of the Genera of British Birds," by John Hogg, Esq. F.L.S. ; " List of Periodical Birds at Llanrwst," by J. Blackwall, Esq. ; " Notice of New Species of Marine Animals found on the coast of Northumberland," by W. Kin ", Esq. • "On the Homologies of theVertebnr, and on the Temporal 'Bone," by Professor Owen; "On New British Nudihranchiate Molluscs," by J. Alder, Esq. • " On the Pulmograde Me dusa of tho British Seas, with'Notices of the Meduste at pre sent abundant in Southampton Water," by Professor Forbes. In section E, a paper " On the Cause of the Blood's Circu lation through the Liver," by Dr. Searle ,• and another " On the Sense of Touch, in reference to the higher mental pro cesses of the Blind and Deaf," this paper was a sequel to a previous one on the 6th, on muscular sense, by Dr. Fowler. In section F, an interesting report was produced from Dr. Alison, of Edinburgh, " On the Medical Relief to the Paro chial Poor of Scotland under the old law."—Dr. Alison stated that the result of the relief, as formerly administered, was a proof the inefficiency of the voluntary system. That system was found to bo partial in its burden, and inadequate and ineffectual in its olijects. Returns had been obtained from 40 towns in Scotland, exclusive of Edinburgh and Glasgow, from which it appeared that the medical relief appointed by the parochial authorities was almost no- thing. In 16 of these towns it was absolutely nothing. Few 1 of them had any dispensary or general relief of that kind, and in others occasional payments of a few shillings were given as medical relief. In others of the towns small sums of 51. or 101. had been allowed for medical attendance on the poor during the prevalence of some epidemic, and in 4 of the towns a small allowance was made for drugs. In some places money had been allowed for medical attendance, the poor being permitted to select the medical man, and this was the mode of relief which the majority of the medical profession seemed to prefer. The estimate of unrequited medical labour given to the poor by the medical profession in Scotland gave an average of 401. ss. 7d. a.year, in addition Ito which they were often called upon to furnish wine and I other assistance from their substance. More than 90 per I cent. of tke profession contributed in this way to the relief of the poor from their substance, besides giving gratuitous advice. In most cases, when payments were made to medical men for attending the poor, it was from the bounty of private parties; and, in one instance, where the pay ments were made by the parochial authorities, a medical man received only Is. for 12 years, during which he attended on the average 70 paupers. The PRESIDENT observed, that great credit was due to the medical profession in Scotland for their self-devotion to the wants of the poor. He trusted that the new Poor-law for Scotland would receive some modifications, and become more effectual than it now was for its object. In the first in stance, it might have been politic to consult the prejudices of the people of Scotland, but ere long they would themselves call for some chenge. Professor Mons, of Edinburgh, stated that Dr. Chalmers had been of opinion that voluntary relief would be sufficient in Scotland ; but, on trial, it was found to be wholly inade quate. Dt. Alison took the other side, and that there was a poor-law at all for Scotland was due to that gentleman. A " Review of' the Mines and Mining Industry of Bel gium," by Richard Valpy, Esq., founded on the report of the Minister of Public Works to the King, dated Brussels, June 1, 1842, was also read. GINEELLL MEETING. The first general meeting of the Society was held in the evening, in tie Victoria Assembly Room, which was illumi nated by handsome chandeliers and tilled by about 400 ladies and gentlemen attired in evening dress. Prince Albert, who left Cowes in the Fairy at seven o'clock, and was received on his arrival at Southampton by the Mayor Mr. Joseph Lobb and Captain Ellice, did not reach the Assembly Room until half-past eight o'clock—half-an-hour after the appointed hour—the delay having been occasioned by a fog which prevented the steamer from proceeding with her accustomed velocity. On his Royal Highness being conducted to the platform which was erected for the com mittee and distinguished visitors, he was warmly cheered by the entire company, who rose and remainedstanding for some minutes until his Royal Highness, after shaking hands with several of the gentlemen on the platform, had taken the seat thereon assigned to him. Amongst the distinguished per sons present were the Marquis of Northampton, the Marquis of Winchester, Lord and Lady Palmerston, the Right Hon. the Speaker of the House of Commons, the Bishop of Norwich, the Dean of Westminster, Sir Hercules Paken ham, Sir J. Ross, Colonel Sabine, Professors Phillips and and Owen, and Mr. M. Mikes, M.P. Sir JOHN F. W. HIRSCHELL, F.R.S., then rose and said— May it please your Royal Highness, Mr. Mayor, my Lords, Ladies, and Gentlemen,—On this sixteenth anniversary on which your kindness has brought us together it falls to my lot, as the president for the expiring year. to open the busi ness of the session simply pro forma, and immediately after to resign my place to my successor. I feel that 6 very few words best befit the position I now occupy, bat still there are some topics upon which I would solicit a few moments of your attention. In the first place, it is my bounden duty to congratulate the meeting on a presence which gives a dignity and a sanction to our proceed tn ea , such as at no former occasion the society could been: of. (Applause.) .cor the honour thus conferred upon us we nfrest feel profoundly gratified, for it is a recognition in the liig`aest quarter of the gie2Tiol4l trlllle ill which we are EVENING, SEPTEMBER 11, 1846. bY the Dagnied ramacirs d the Belli Aartallaa, Owe is ant simi conal watch alb be nada& raft at thla lbw la dr at Mr. Haturt_lll”banun as wry an bca try cor emalaner the Yeast abaft la waft Oa and newsy be Thia ll* Rapp wall law law lasa neelbri. tiara anaboar Ira ma Ina amasablell ebb dr pa pavan aerle in the kasetleap a re anagale d manatein. and d Iran ; ma kaaandp bdai la gnat maw am a in which the Ammaistia Yr takes and is MX akins a earplonom sham by the anaka at tin Maeda and IN malaratent a its In -111 onset Inveitlentlane tilde* ha” be twaimittad with great seal ' and mem by Its valud members, Mr. Iladelderan and Mr. Fair bairn. Whilst on this topic I may observe, that in the recent improve ment,' in railways the aid ot scientific in vestigation was culled for by the cavil engineer, to main him in determining with accuracy the power to be provided for ensiling tie' high velocities of he and tix2mailes en hour; and it was found and admitted by the first ;;;that the very best data for this purpose , and in: the ;iments of any practical aloe, were thou. which bad been Provided vane years ago by a Committee of the British Amain Mmear. published in our Transactions. The Institatkm of aru thus lave testimony to the practical value of our researches by adeptlng their re ore. However imperfect my knowledge of Noah subjects may be, I must also sake that the last alma of our Reports maxim two contri banana experimental isoky. the de ' Pe ' t throatiest ea prostimi inetru La ve n bout canoms— von, at the request of the Aimeadmisn a 4the Mims of its benign seadjaers. Mat mom sciences of a peolber kind everywhere exista, or is formai in the elansepletro eisetritel ugangly, both nature! and arti ficial, hod keg been reptehdly bona the pariateney of the odour dirsdeged log orb , and Its tnewiltreas• by contact to other mew. prim to When I Alla hiliaalter advert •e Ms widow of our, pros okto tlesi discovery, Is, Isowesue, the tint philosopher who mdette investigate the Wore et Ibet sobstanoe; and. ass* the lametigetietris ant 3v:t magi*, he Ms been snabled to report us Incomidenhio tee in this Mak sal raked sob ' )tet of ramorch. A rergamt dram the Assochasa to sea leanssood and at countryman, Dr. Lam Mayfair. ewegini week • metributioa of small nmeaus towards the wipowees involved in the nedurtehing, has prodneed a report on Use resslition sod prefects of bon•tur noose, which le of the greatest Woe la a meamendsi view to one of the most important of oar mmulcelurea, end poseemes, at the same time, a very high interest be cissealsid seism in some of the views which it developes. On the see lard, it exhibits an ebtircly new theory of the • reduction, by mons gm Is this tided agent, of iron from the ore: on the other, Behove tiaa is addition to a vast saving of fuel, about two awL of en-ansmaindes may daily be collected at the single eilablishosent 1 Alfrolim, wings the experiments were made; thus leading in to Infer tad to the ken furnaces of Britain there may be obtained from vapour wield sow passes away, an enor mous quantity of this ralualde mastaime. which would materially lessen the dependence of our egrieultutiste on foreign guano. It la, indeed, most gratifying to otnerse r that la pinning this Inquiry into the gaseous contents of a biasing frinier es s==, our asso ciates traced out, foot by foot, the most procemes, and described the fiery products with the seam easereey ea if their researches had been made on the table eta laberathry. Weighed however only la the scales of absolute andbomedlaie utility, the remarkable results of these skilful and elaborate experiments give them a character of national importance, and justly entitle the au thors and the body which has aided them to the public thanks. After this glance at the subjects of purely physical science treated of In the last volume of our Transactions, let us now consider the domains of natar al history; and as one of the cultivators of a science which has derived its main support rod most of its new and enlarged views from naturalists, let me express the obligation which cantatas are under to this ANIOCIaLIOO, for having aided so effectively in bringing forth the zoological re searches of Owen, Again, and Edward Forbes. Thole three of i ts men have themselves announced, that hi default of its countenance and assistanee, they would not have undertaken, and never could have completed, mine of their most important inquiries. Agana. bream*, had not otherwise the means of coruparmg the ichthyolites of the British Ines with them of the Continent of Eurepe. Without this impulse, OW= would not have applied his profound knowledge of compared, e anatomy to British ford saurian"; and Edward Forbes might never have been the explorer of the depths of the .Egean. nor have revealed many hitherto unknown laws of submarine life, if hia wishes and suggestions had not met with the warm anima of this body, and been supported by its strongest recommendations ,to the naval authorities. Vase allusions to naturalists, whose works have affbrded the • &meat supports tee geology, might lead me to dilate at length on the recent progress of this science, but as the subject has been copiously crested at succeseive 'universities of the Geological tioelety of Lon don, and has had its reoent advances so clearly enunciated by the saint President of that lardy, who now preside. over our Geological Section, I shall restrain my •• esprit de rope whilst 1 advert to some of the prominent advances which geologists have made. M hen our areociate Conybeare reported to us, at our second meeting, on the actual state and ulterior prospects of what he well termed the ar elueolcury of the globe," he dwelt with }suttee on the numerous researches in different C3ll!nrifil which had eh arty eatablisbed the history of a descent, as it were, into the towels of the earth—which led le in a word, downwards through those newer ;Jenrette that con nect high antiquity with our own period, into those strata which sup port our great British coaktields. Beyond this, however, the per spective was dark and doubtful— ". Iles alai terra et caligine :Prem." Now, however, we have dispersed this gloom, and by researches that carried out to a distinct classileation in the British Inks, and thence extended to Russia and America, geologists have shown that the recor et of succession, as indicated by the entombment of food' • animals, are as well ekveloped in these very ancient or paloozoic strata as in any of the overlying or more receutly formed depoaita After Wilily many years in this department of the science, in con junction with Sedpriek, Lansdale, Dc Venieuil, Keyserling, and others of my fellow-labourers, I have arrived at the conclusion, that we have tracheal the wry genesis of animal life upon thc globe, and that no further " vestigia revers= " will be found beneath that protozoic or Lower Silurian group in the greet inferior mass of which no vertetrated animal has yet been de tected, amid the countless profusion of the lower order, of marine animals entotubed in it. But however this ' may be, it Is certain that in the lent few years all Canaria and Eastern Earope, and even parts of Siberia, have been brought into accordance with British grata. Francs has been accurately classi fied and illustrated by the splendid map of Elie de Beaumont soil Dufrenoy; and whilst, by the labours of Deahayes and other., Be tertiary fragla have been copiously described, the organic remains of its secondary strata are now undergoing a complete analysis In the beautiial work at M. Alcide d'Orbigny. Belgium, wham mineral structure and geological outlines have been delineated by D'Oniallus, d'ilalloy and Dumont, has 'induced very perfect monographs of its palicomic and tertiary Dwells, the tint in the work of M. de Koninirk, the second in the recently published monograph of M. Nyst. Germany, led on by Von Duch has shown Cleat she can now cis materially strengthen the zoologiAl and botanical groundworka of the science, as in the days of Werner she was eminent in laying those mineralogical foundations which have been braught 0.1 near to perfection by the labium of several living men. So numerous in fact have been the contribotions of (Senna° geologists, that I cannot per mit myself to specify the names of individuals in a country which bongs so many who are treading closely in the dips of an Blirenbei g and a lime. As distinctly eanneeted, however, with the objects of this meeting, I must be permitted to state that the eminent b kunst Goeppert, whose work., in combination with More of Adolphe Brinigniart in France, have shed an much light on fawn plants, has just sent to me, for communication to our Geological Section, the results of his latest Inquiries into the formation of the coal of I Silesia—results which will be the more interesting to Dr. Duckland I and the geologists of England, because they are founded on data equally new and originaL Italy has also to • great extent been I prevented to us in it. true general geological facies, through the la ' boors of Sismondi, alarinora, Pareto and inhere; whilst our kinsmen of tit, far tVmt hawse ably developed the structure, of their respective Statea, that our countryman Lyell has informed us, that the excel lent map which 110e0MiCelliell his work upon North America is simply the grouping together of data prepared by native State pollywog, which he has paralleled with our well-known Britiali types. If then the astronomer has, to a vast extent, expounded the rnecha niam of the heavens; if Lately, through the great telecom* of our emaciate the Earl of Rossc, he las amigned a fixity old order to bodice which were previously viewed as mere nebula floating in spsee, and has also inferred that the surface-cavities in our near, at neighbour of the planetary system are nnalogoeut to the volcanic aper tures and depremmos of the earth; the geologist, contributing data of another order to the great storehouse of natural knowledge, has deter mined, by al volute and tangible preofs, the precise manner in which our planet has been successively enveloped in divers cerements, each with peculiar forms of dieetenct II e, and has marked the eevohutboe which have interfered with these IeIIOCTISiVe creations, from the earliest dawn of living things to the limits of the historic era. In short, the fundamental steps gained in ge logy, since the eerly days of the Briti s h Association , arc SD remarkable and ea nume rous, that the time has now come for a second report upon the pea Macao of this science, which may I trust be prepared fur an approach ing, if not for the next meeting. Intimately connected with these broad views of the progress of geology is the na:earance of the first volume of a national work by Sir Henry De LI:: the and his asiociatcs in the "Geological Survey of Great lintain." as it does, upon the issue of numerous detailed coloure." ..miss and sectiona, which for beauty of execution and exactness of detail are unrivalled, I would specially direct your attention to this new volume as affording the clearest evi aenee that geology is now strictly brought within the pale of the fixed sciences. In it are found graphic neicript ens of the strata in the south-wrai of England and south Wales, whose breadth and length arc accurately measured, whose mineral changes are chemi cally analysed, and whose imbedded remains are compared and deter mined by competent pal:ontologists. The very statistics of the science are thus laid open, theory is made rigorously to depend on facia, and the proeesees and produce of foreign mines are compared with thaw of Britain. ifiten we know bow intimately the Dirmlor.General of this Survey and bii associates have been palmated with the meetings of the lltituh Association and how they have ftvely discussed with us many par .s the ir researches—when we recollect that the geologist of Vorl.shire, our invaluable Assistant General Secir w s a . around whom all our arrangements since ow origin have and to whom so much of our success is due, occupier his fitting place among these worthies—that Edward Forbes, who pawed as it were from this MAPOCLItiOII to the Egean, to the palsontologist of this survey; and again when we retleet, that if this woodation had not repaired to Glasgow, and there discovered the merits of the surrey of the late of Arran by Mr. Ramsay, that young stssolo;,ist would never have become a valuable contributor to the volume under ConsieTsiijm=li IsoTriiTusfrO; Thee statements saws, that the annual visits of our body to different parts of the empire, by bringing together kindred sprits, and in testing the natural capacity of individual., do most effectually advance science and benefit the British community. Whilst considering these labours of the government geologists, I shall now specially speak of those of Professor E. Forbes in the some volume, because be here makes him rolf doubly weleotne, by bringing to us as it were upon the spot the living specimens Mout:marine ereatunss, which through the praise , worthy enthusiasm of Mr. McAndrew, ens of our members,who fitted out a lags yacht for natural.bistaa7 researches, have been dredged up this summer by these naturalists from the southern coast, between the laad's End end Southampton. As a favorite yachting ' port like Southampton may, it is hoped, afford imitators, I point out with pleasure the liberal example of Mr. McAndrew, who not pro. league to describe the specimens he co'dects, has on this, as on former occasions, placed them in the hands of the members best qualified to do them judice, and is thus a substantial promoter of science. The memoir of Edward Forbes in the Government Geological Surrey is, in truth, an extension of his views respecting the calves of the pre sent distribution of plants and animals in the British isles, first made known at the last meeting of the British Association. As this author has not only shown the application of these ideas to the researches of the British Geidogical Survey, but also to the distribution of animals and plants over the whole earth, it is evident that these views, in reit part original, will introduce a new clam of inquiries into natural history, which will link it no more cloudy than ever to geology and geogra phy. In short, this paper may be viewed as the find attempt to explain the causes of the zoological and botanical features of any region anciently in connexion. Among the new points which It cos tume, I will now only mention, that it very ingeniously (and I think most satisfactorily) explains the origin of the peculiar lestures of the botany of Britain—the theory of the origin of Alpine Floras distri buted far apart--the peculiarity of the zoology of Ireland as compared with that of England—the preeence of the same species of marine animals oil the masts of America and Europe —the specialities of the marine nrology of the British seas called fo r by this Amchitka—the peat and present distribution of the Migharrenem Plea;-414 lastly, it applies the knowledge we passe ',the dhtribationef pants to the elucidation of the batony of the soperileal detritus, termed by geologists, the Northern Drift" Amid the numerous anligates kw reflection which the perusal of this memoir occasions, I mot row restrict myself to two brief com ments. First, to myna tay belief that even Humboldt Mairelf, who has written no mosh sal as atedrahly on Alpine flora, will admit that ma elemilea eteMmtka of the origin of identity removes a great stnz=blasit *OM tot path of botanical geo- Dm some years endeavoured =dm hipla b l t ade f led erroneously applied their view; as Laded • Mowing pbeasatena, to large regions of Needier& laregft-ithielk mat Ma been under the sea during the diarlbogion el Oreada NZZa stion vel and beelike; I cannot bat Sellialf /4 a of Sat 'Mika when , I dad ma amid a i=et se Edward !baba seeteinia r t emes .rag istew perdedy iedepaadeot Infamies emaratmg ake Ma of to Wad mealmme c end by MAY= mimalmart e mt If the sma dram moldmi tlmm meadalla. AM I mimedo ase s 7 Ms:l both the above polmlm. arm Mamma la sw at ar Ye samba theories. Remiss the blocks sad maim boo 111111111114 MI, MU to be, they WWII bowiwer seemanktel yoke a =th e rwes thakesz d os fret nth:: wtokudttop Fed s thatesemzion the tre = er ths d l o t= East te wawara elthav o i a eons den orl by the Width loath af tl =egai t le s g ais Z dan isl roe= 41 1 = been lett !Wilson. Ithlarseee was atheindsoltheiougbly the reseabises of Prebienter Oeiskomaennitobed to this Asexhaties : deeds the —htheaUsthasby whisk Ms regret with. ex tinct itiunmais of thasketh Ii twainwith awl WM new la detailed reference to or limb in his resway yollithel week " On the Ex iling Plea maid' Illthinaha:—• work "Ida hear stated in blo delimit= erliasYi at these et the MEM heasheloa. Professor Omni silkheieed. 10 as stowellief ear rasa meeting, by wets" on Of one of war seethes. width bevies in its Milo bow y occupied la ef tholtdos, Is woe wore , yawl . kid, devoted to the cultivation . Mike soak a thaw I hew a right athieiple that well= will anidi& evidswea et toth wow, awl will else* Mos the vest wagon that has then aside osesel sompetethe idea thefts of Ether std ef Cathie, the so throe a port al= we are thddieth to oar .Acct asessithe. Amodio( la a easseth 'bib hes the gad them le have been Mostratth by the attandse mid platabse Wary ef the saturalivt et thilonth los assillth *stew heath asatith whew Yours I would saw spasiallg alulort.lll4:dationest. the =woo as ft is prodded ewe twthst= ohs lea the athecest lloweth ef thud at with se may Girth theso welsonwett of the wed/. awl In on smooth Wm es te yonder thou Aloft yea theft ef wow nada& The nowt at Ws John Rithwithso Is the last en the Plass of Oath Japes sod New Zealwth 410111101111 WM his amount in intro volumes of the lbw of North Ameba. may to regenba as baying completely raesdelled our knowledge of the pagesekleth distribution of Oaths ; bet by tamale the dab. and nezt by explain ing the canoes through width a sionmunity of khthydos &kg characters to in some wakes widely spread, and in others restricted to limited rages. We now know, that just as the lofty mountain is the harrier glib separates different animals and Aants, as well as peculiar seriatim of man, so the deepest saes are limits which peremptorily Mob the wide diffusion of certain genera and species of fishes ; whilst the biters eaten of numerous ialands, and still more the continuance of lands Moo an ocean, ensures the distribution of similar forms over many of latitude and longitude. The general study indeed, bath of zoology and botany, bas teen singularly advanced by the labours of the Section of Natural History. I cannot have acted for many years an your General Seen-tarn with out deterring, that by the spirit in which this sartion has of late years been conducted, British naturalise; have annually become more phikaophieal, and have given to their inquiries a more physiological character, and have more and more studied the higher questions of structure, laws, and distribution. This cheering result has mainly arisen from We personal intimacy brought about among various individual., who, living at great distances from each other, were previously never congregated ; and from the mutual encouragement imparted by their interchange of views and their comparisons of spe cimens. Many active British naturalists have in fact risen tip since these meetings commenced, and many (in addition to the examples already alluded to) have pursued their science directly under the en couragement we have given them. The combination of the enthu siastic and philosophic spirit thus engendered among the naturalists has given popularity to their department of Friend, and this section, banning an importance to which during our earliest meetings it mug show comparatively gendr: claims, has vigorously revived the study of natural hiotorv, and among other prods of It, lust given rise to that excellent publishing body, the Ray SoSety, which begot its anniversary during our sittings. Any analysis of the numerous oriental and valuable reverie and memoirs on bo tanical and zoological subjects which hare enriched our volumes to forbidden by the limits of this address, but I cannot omit to advert to the extensive illeeeNl of Mr. 11. Strickland'e report on Zoological Nomenclature, which has been adopted and circulated by the naturalises of Prance, Germany and America, and ales by those of Italy headed by the Prince of Qualm. In each of these countries the code drown up by the Amunation has been wanly and through it we may look forward to the great advantage being gained, of the ultimate adoption of an uniform zoologiud numencim hire all over the globe. Whibd Investigation into the geographical distribution dant - nal% and plants have occupied a large Ware of the attention of our Browne and oar Darin., it is groom to ere that some of our mem bers, chiefly connected with physical researches, are now bring ing these data of natural history to bear upon climatology and physical geograph . A committee of our naturalist., to whom the subject was referred, has published in our last volume on excel lent genes of instructions for the observation of the periodical phe nomena of animals and planes, prepareel by our foreign aeaociate M. Quetelet, the Astronomer Royal of Belgium. Naturalists have loog been collecting coterminous on the effects produced by the annual return of the seasons, but their various natural history calenoluni being lord, required comparbon and concentration, as orgies!!y suggested by Linnieus. This has now for the first time been executed by the Belguin Astronomer, who tilowing out a plan suggeeted by himself at our Plymouth meeting, has brought together the oontn b dams and suggestions of the naturalist. of Ls men country. %lieu M. (luetelet remarks, " that the phases of the smallest Wert are bound up with the plumes of the plant that nourishes it ; that plant Itself being in Ito gradual development the product, in some sort, of all anterior modiliestiocus of the soil and atnuophere," tie compels th e adoniesico, that the study which should embrace all periodical phe- WWII& both diurnal and annual, would of itself form a se.euir as extended as inetructive. Referring you to M. Quetelet's report for an explanation of the dependence of the vegetable and animal kingdoms on the tneteoro logy and physics of the globe, and hoping that the simultaneous uta eel-rations he inculcates will he followed up in Britain, I am glad to be able to announce, that the outline of a memoir on phyakal geo graphy was some mouths ago put into my hands by Mr. Cooley, which in a great degree coinciding with the system of M. Quetekt, boa ultimately a very different object. M. quetelet chiefly aims at investigating the dependence of organised bodies on into.- Jeanie.' matter, by observing the periodical phatoniena of the former. Mr. Cooley seeks to obtain an acquandance with the name phi:cm:awful for the sake of learning and registering einqc relive climate as an element of %Iron& agriculture. speaking to you In a county which is so mainly dependent on the produce of seal, I cannot have a more favourable upportunay for wialciating the value of the suggestions of this British geographer. Ibe menden. establishment of all the data of physical geography throughout the British islands ; i. e. the registration of the 'man and extremes of the temperature of the air and of the earth ; the amount of conduc tion, rulaatitm, moisture, and ?magnetism ; the suseesown of cations phases of vegetation, Kr. (with their several local collections f o r elevation and aspect), must certainly prove CIAIdUCiVO to the intercsio of science, and arc likely to promote some material intensely of our country. A minute knowledge of all the circumstances of climate cannot but be of importance o those whore industry only succeeds through the co-operation of nature, and it may therefore be inferred that such a report as that with which 1 trust Mr Cooley will favour us, if hallowed op by full and complete tables, will prove to be a most useful public document. laubibing the ardour of that author, I might al most hope that such researches In physical geography may enable ua to define, in the language of the poet, " lit quid queuque knot rsgio, et quid illumine recuset." At all events, such a report will tend to raise physical geography in Britain towards the level it has tittainod in hiocia under the aegis of Humboldt and Bitter, and by the beautiful maps of Berghaw. Though our countryman, Mr. Keith Johnston, is reproducing, in attractive torero, the comparative maps of the last-anentiemed Prundan author, mush in sod still remain. to be done in Britain, to plaice the study of physical geography on a basis worthy of this great exploring and colunisingnaton ; and us one of thu higttly useful elementary to the training of the youthful mind to acquire a right perouption of the science, I commend the spirited project of a French geograptit r, M. Guerin, to establish in Landon, a preararna of rod site which shall teach by strung external relief, the objects and details of which he wall la the coulee of this week explain to the geographers present. Iteverting to cutumnical views and the maptuvement of lands, I would remind our agricultural members, that as their great practical Society was founded on the model of the British Association, we hope they will always come to our Sections for the soluton of any qutst ions relating to their pursuits to which can be given a purely scientlic an swer. If they ask fur the explanation of the dependence of vegetation upon subsoil or soil, our geologists and bot.m ists arc ready to reply to them. Ia it a query on the comparbiun of the relot lee value of metro twins destined to atom... Wale labour, the mechanicians now faa nt arc capable of answering It. Awl if, abuse all, they cob tio to solve their doubts respecting the qualities of soil and the results of their mixture., or the effects of various manures upon them, our chemists are at hael. One department of our Institutaon is in fret styled the Section of Ltendstry and Mineralogy, with their apleiratiams to Agri culture and the Arts, and is ufficiercal in part by the very men, John ston, Ilautieny, and Mayfair, to whom the agriculturists have in nearly all cases appealest first-mentioned of there was one of our earliest friends and founders; the second had the merit of standing by the British Association at its first meeting, and there inviting us to repair to that great University where be aa en roach respected, and where he is now steadily determining, by elaborate experiments, the de:.endence of many species of plants on soil, air, and stimulus; whilst the third has already been alluded to as use of our best contributor.. . _ If In reviewing our preen= labours I have endeavoured to gain your attention by wine incidental allusions to our present proceedings, I have yet to anure you, that the memoirs communicated to our secretaries arc sufficiently numerous to occupy our sections during the ensuing week with all the vigour which has marked our opening day. Among the topics to which our assembling at Southampton glees peculiar (merest, I may still say that if foreign and English geoloesti should find much to interest then, in the laic of Wight, the same island contains a field for a very curious joint discussion betwen the mathematicians and the geologist., with which I became ac quainted in • previous visit to this place. It is a deanery by Coioncl Colby, the Director of the Trigooonietricul Survey, of the eaiatenoe of • considerable attraction of the plumb-line to the south, at the trigs eometrical station called Dunmire, on !nankin Mown. The details of this singular phenomenon, which has been verified by numerous observations with the best zenith sectors, will be laid before the sec tions. In the meantime, we may well wider that thin low chalk range in the lisle of Wight should attract, in one parallel at least, with mole than Mill the iateniity of the high and crystalline mountain of scheluil lion in the Highlands of'Scotland, whilst no other chalk bill in the South of England exhibit. ouch a phenomenon. Sun thou. of our wh. like Mr. Hopkins have entered the rich acid aerological dynamics, explain this ranarlable fan, either by the mculm struc ture and distribution of the ridge of upheaved strata which rams as 1 bock-bone from east to west through the ishmd, or by referring It to dense plutonic masses of rock ranging beneath the sue Lies along the line of displacement of the default,. Another local subject —one uidecd of positive practical interest— that stands before us for discumion is, whether, by persevering in deepening the large sh aft which they have sunk so deep into the chalk near this town, the inhabitants of Southington may expect to be eventually repaid, like thew of Pane, by • full supply of subterranean water, which shall rime to the surface of the low plateau on which the work has been undertaken I On no occa sion, I must observe, could this town be furnished with a greater number of willing counsellor. of divers nations whose opinions will, it ID hoped, be adequately valued by the city authorities. The question whether this work ought to be proceeded with or not, will however, I apprehend, be most effectively answered by those geologists who are bed acquainted with the sections in the interior of this county, and with the level. at which the upper greemand and inherence...strata there crop out and receive the waters, which thence flow southwards beneath the whole body of chalk of the hills in the south of Hamp shire. . . . Considering that we arc now assembled in the neighbourhood of our great naval arsenal—that some of its functionaries, including the Admiral on the station, have honoured us with their supyort, and that, further, I am now speaking in a town whose magnificent new docks may compete with any for bold and successful engineering, I must say a few words on our naval architecture, the more so as we have here a very strong Mechanical Section, presided over by that ingenious mechanician Professor Willie, supported by that great dynamical philosopher and astronomer Dr. Robinson. Duly Ml presaed with the vast national importune of this sulvet, and at the same time of its necessary dependence on mathematical principles, the British Association in its earliest days endeavo wed to rouse attention to the state of shipbuilding in England, and to We history of its progress in France and other countries, through a memoir by the late Mr. G. Harvey. It was then contended, that notwithstanding the extreme perfection to which the internal mechanism)! Temas had been brought, their external forms or lines,.os which their railing so much depends, were deficient as to adjustment by matk.maticul theory. Our associate Mr. Scott Rumen has, as you know, ably de veloped this view. Experimenting upon the resistance of water, and ascertaining with precision the forma of vessels which would pas through it with the least resistance, and ,consequently with the greatest velocity, he has contributed a most valuable series of memoirs, accompanied by a great number of dia grams, to illustrate his opinions and to show the dependence of naval architecture on certain mathematical lines. Employed in the meantime by merchants on their own account, to plan the con struction of sailing ships and steamer., Mr. Scott Reused has been so sucassful in combining theory with practice, that we must feel satis fied in having at different meetings helped him onward by several molter grants our only regret being that our means should not have p. _hied us to publish the whole number of diagrams of the lines ..ar.fl by this ingenious au th or. But however desirous to promote knowledge on this point, the men of seism. are far from wishing not to pay every deference to the skilful artificers of our wooden bulwarks, on account of their experience and practical acquaintance with subjects they have so long and. se successfully handled. We are indeed fully aware that the naval architects of th: government, who mmalamet ma-ts carrying a great weight of metal, and requiring nosh sty end capacious stowage, have to solve many problems with which the owners of trading vessels or packets have little con cern. All that we lan wish for W. that oar naval arsenals should .stain scLoois or public boards of ahln.building, in which there I might be collected all the “eanatants of the art," in reference to ca- Leltp dse dWierieenent, stowage., validly, pitching and rolling, meeting, af nails and the residuum et Blade. flaring ourselves ex pmnidl antrlbations to an extent which teddy, at all events, our Me_ la fhb fooffor. we are, I . thank, retitled to exprem a hope, that amadeelmal frosn w asetam ia tez m eelinent navigators may be ammbissad the almond theory prepared by F oolthollogo minionotlemi sod moshimioal wiener. moot tboo lase um wr maid sidosts without saying, that oar Illbdistkal Seed= boo bus in veal asedueted by in formic ptesi =lit its subjada. Idlest all tinuebele diverted Into moral mind and thence hllaptildes, hare latest inrariabiy remitted to the Womb of the science which deals In fade and numbers: and a* ne wa inditideal has °attributed more to the etorthouae of such valuable knowledge than Mr. George Porter (as evidenced even by his report lame lad volume). sia may we believe that in this town with ',Wok be Iselsabely connected, he will contribute to raise mill higher the dime tithe Section, over which he Ia so well qualified to fireside. Via this dimmer I have referred more largely to those branches orders which pertain to the general division of oatural history, in which alone I can venture to j edge of the proem. which others am making, let me however any, that no member of this holy ma appro. elate more highly than I do, the claims of the mathematical and expe rimental parts of in which my friend Professor rirdea Powell, who supporte mr un Mr merlon as i Vire-President, has taken so diatinguida d a part. Nu one has wintered with greater ethane tion the attendance at our former meetings of men f 141131 all part , of Darien the moat eminent in them high pureeing. No mead more glory In laving been an after of this Association when it was hollowed with the pt ..a of its illustrious correspondent Brod, flout whom the world has never produced a more profound astronomer. U among his numerous stdendid discoveries he Banished astrooomme with what they had eo long and so ardently desired—a fixed and ascertained point in the immensity of spans, bey ond the limit. of our owe sidereal system, it is to Berri, as I UM tenured by a contetspo ; ran worthy of him, that Englishmen owe a debt of gratitude for his eerate descussion of the obserrations of their immortal Bradley, which, In his hands, became the base of modern astronomy. Passing from thes recollection, so proud yet to nem. nful to us all as friends and admirers of the decered Persian aityonoiner, can any one ace with more delight th. n myself the Lined concur once at our present meeting of naturalism, geelogiete phyaidogiete, eth nologists, and Manta, with mathematicians, astronomers, meehrud cian., and experimental philosophers in physics and in chemistry f Surely, then, I may be allowed to signalise a particular grimed of gmthlcation among so many, in the preemie at this minting of two individuate in our experimental sections, to one of whom, our cent. Sent foreign associate, Oersted, we owe the first greet link bete eon electric and niametic ph.oromena, by showing the magnetic pro. pertice of the galvanic convent; whilst the other, our own Faraday. alumni other new and great trutlui which have raised the character of English science throughout the world, obtaileel the Ai cr f oye it rse be p n roo ni f g r en een to king ,, eteetriell; w out of n u meLie . te. v. honoured with this chair, to explain how such arm hom you been revealed, still as a worshiper in the outer partied of the temp. e of physical science, be may be permitted to picture to himself the delight which the Danish philosopher amid have felt when on returning to our shores, after an absence of a (sunder of a century, he found that the grand train of discovery of which be is the progyuitor, hod juict received its erovvniag aceerion in England from his former disciple, who, through a lung and brilliant series of ineemistatione peculiarly his own, has shown that magnetic or ilia-magnetic tutees are distri buted throughout all nature. And thou Khali wo euntinise to be a true British Association, with cosmopolite ennorrions, so lung as we have among us eminent men is attract such fereilm contemporaries to our Morec. If then at the last assemble we experienced the good Mfects which flowed from a concen. oration of profound mathematic Lou and magnii Mims, drawn together from different European kingdoms— if then atanthe mum (Jr. Everett) of solid learning, who then repreunted the United States of America, and who is now worthily presiding over the Caruhridge University of his native wool, spoke to us with chastened eloquence of the bm. fits oar institution Was conferring on mankind; let us rejoice that this =is honoured by the preaenee of foreign philosophers as detain . those °rimy former year. Let us rejoice that we have now among us men of science from Denmark, Sweden, Bosnia, Prussia, Snit/en:old, Belgium, Italy, awl. Prate*. The King of Denmark, pima if personally distingulahrd for his acquaintance with several brooches of natural history, end • warm patron of science, has honoured us by yenning hither, not icily time great clisosvererDeratcd, who evincing fresh viwior in his mature age brings with him new tsirinnunimtaints on phyaiesil miens* but also my valued friend, the able geologi s t and c h em i s t Po rc h: am :ma, who has produced the first imulisaml map of Dentrutk, an d who his pre-ented to us a lurid memoir on the influence exercised by marine pla n ts on the formation of ancient crystalline rocks, on the present sea and on agriculture. A. theta eminent own of the north received me as the General Scartary of the British Asaoeiation with their wonted cordiality at the lust seandinavian Areanibl). I trust w: may convince them, that the sentiment is reciprocal, and that Paiglishincii ore nearly esart to them In the virtues of fr iendship and hotOtality which so distinguish the dwellers within the circle of Odin. Still adverting to Scandinavia, we we here a deputy from the rerun_ try of Linnaeus in the person of Prokrieur tivanbern, a sure-.M young experimenter in phi sins who represents his last mutter , Iterselim- -that profound ehendst and Luder of the s acme oft North tat Europe, who estehliebed on a firm ba.i. the laws of atomic weights and definite proportions, and who has personally assimNl me, that if our meeting had not been fixed M the Hamill of September, when the agriculturists of threden amend,* at its. Ahnlm, he would avauredly have repaired to us. And if the same cause ban preveatid Nihvion from co mug hither, end h u alateacted Itetein , from ma (who W.I. till within die e few days in El:gland! ' I cannot m e nti o n me : , ejs_ tinguished men, who earnestly desired tobs persent, without expert sine the hope tint the memoirs they commune de to no may give muds addition. I 'pippin to our British eihnoiogLits as will enable this new lama of lISP NA., which inv. stig.ites the rdrin of name and languMtee, to take the promment place in our amentblien to winch it is. itntJy entitled. The limn] Academe of Doran, wltro t deputiva on former neeisinne have been an Ehrenhivg, a finch. a:al an Erman, kis honoured us by sending hillier M. tfei.vkh Roar , whose work on chemical in a text-bouk even fur the tort Mulled eheinads in evivr c.untry ; and whilst his newan hes on the consist ution of miner.als, like Mono .1 his eminent brother (aware sin their form, have °Mauled for hint no high a reputation, he now bi ller. to us the desiviption of a new metal which la: lies iliseirvered In the Tam-ilito of Bavaria. tiwittterl.nal ban again given to us that areat minter in allirmat logy, Agamia, and ohm our eld friend Proftmoor eclanhein, who, ta toliiitiun to his report Olt ozone, to whirl, I have already referred, has now brought to us a dateovery of ram praclivl importance. The t• gun-eotton" of statfula•iq the powers ul which he wia exhibit to his colleaguto, to an explusitv suletume, a Lich, t ICFC:41111( a AftIOSTT projectile force than gunpowder, at stated to IXTAVA the gist wham - wro over it of produeing little or no .make or noise, and of an ely soiling lire -aorta; wham no smotint of wet Injures thin new ooh s/awe, which to so oervice.thle alter being triad an In its itit Lille. The mere mention of thtme ottvert ay. to which oar associate lays claim for his new material, Is ouAlcient to ollow no extraordinary value in all warLke ulttiro, us U..° in every tot t of subterron,:ta blaoting •... . . . . Professor Mntteuerl of Modern, who joined no at the York meeting, and then explained hie curlew , tee and delicate inventigutionia in eh-a:tree-physiology, iosain Locumn us with a visit, w the repro-cut:A ive of the Indnut Philosophteal Smith of Modena and of the University of Piss. 'lbis alktnsioly. phil.nopher, who has Inc:nailed the eltiet isalraule currente in excit.ng through the neves 111..rhanical forte in the muscle., armlet,. brines wdla him much internoti , ig contriloitios a. will sill Fru-it additional Into reel to the li:um-Wing. of the Physio logical het - lion. Having already spoken of the rapid progress which the micro es arc mallet( in Iteigium, through the labour- 4if nor anynciale gnat. anti oilmen, it is with lia,oure I antionnee that M. an the palarintologiet, who hin mainly contributed to this advance and W tl•o is ha foundation of the geology of hi• country by his excellent work cm mammon° fossils, ban ben sent to on by hin uwn goverment. Among them sources of just pride and gratideatiom, no one h it oriented me simmer pleasure win to welcome hither the umlaut/MIL Siberian explorer, Profersaur von Middendoi t. Ikeply itnpressrel he I am with the estimation in which-adults., le 1141 by the Elustrious tutor of the empire of Ittosia, I cannot hut hope that the pre eence of t the traveller so singularly distinguished for bin enterprbong exploits nmy meet with a friend ler every khmlielaman who in aorthiiinted with the arduous nature of his travels. le traverse Siberia from south to net tic and Mall weld to east; to reach by land the extreme maths. o beal- Land of Tainlyr ; to teat I. um, tor the first time, that rim n to the lit:- nude of deg. north, trees with Muth extent Own...lves in th.t meridian ; that trope of rye, more abundant than in bin lattice Livonia, grow beyond Yakutat, on the Purim* of that frozen submit, the intensity and measure of cold in sitirh be has determined by thermontetrie experiments, to explain, through their language and php-iml form, the origin of tithes now far removed hum their &went stuck ; to explane the tar eastern regions of the Yea of Ohkotek and of the ebantar lace; to define the remotest north-ea-tern boundary between China and Rosana ; and &telly to enrich St. Peters'imarb with the natural productions, both fonnil ncent, of all these wild and untrodden lands, are the exploits fur which the Ito> al Geographical Sucisiy of I.ondon haa, at its last net conferred its Gull Victoria Merkel on this most numeseful explorer. Profemor Miadtholorf now visits ue to curve Ale with our flatmate. most able to amiet him, and to invert our museum., in which, by Coll part-On, heron best determine the value of speethe character before hs- completes the description of his coploun accumulations; and i tru-t that during his stay In England he will be treated with as much true IlOYpitalily as I have myself received at the baud. of Me kind countrymen. It in unpmeible for me to make this allusion to the Ruseian empire without assuring you that our atilt. in mien:* on the Neva, who have previously sent to as a Jacobi and a }Conifer, are mainly amines. •.1 . continuing their good connexion with tut. It was indeed a ann.ee - f great pleasure to me to have recently had personal intercourne in U..+ very town with that eminent ertenlitic navigator Ailoard Lialv-, in whose squulron his Imperial Highness the (tratsl Duke Constam,s, was acquiring a knowledge of hi, nit-Wine data , . Ik , itk • the ii.r ration of hie former voyages, I.dtkc icon nine pUbl! , hed an acomyt f the periodical tides in the Great Northern Ocean caul in the lama! Sea, which I have reason to think bs little known in this country. Having s ij,,,,,,tabliehoa a .lmalngraphe In the White sea, and being also men. pied from Urne to time in observations in &bring's Strsita, the Ithaveiaree will soon be able to provide tie with other important additions too;ir kneel-deco( this nubject. Separated no widely as Admiral Lake meet .r. wbewell ere from each other, it I. pleasing to we, that the very re commendation which the last-mentioned dietingobalied philoenoher ed the tides ban recently engaged to me, as a nut ism- to be encourarea by this Association, has Men zealously advocated by the former. Lt us hate then that this mating wia not pee away without powerfu"iy mum to our own government, an well as to that of bi-Imge tint Majesty, t a systematic and simultaneous investigation of It& tides in the Great Oman, particularly in the Northern Pacific, betty oh_ ject of special expea‘t ions, --a SU'.2,ll.Ct au. Admiral Li:tk^ well ob.erv,s) which is not lees worthy of the attention of great nrientilie bail• than the prelent inquiries into Wrenn-nil urigottion ; and one which, I may add, thin Aseiciation will &nag:es, warmly nepotist-, since it bait curb strong grounds fur being salt-fled with the results which it Ls already contributed to obtain through its own gi ante, and by the re searches of several of its associates. Lastly, in alluding to our foreign uttendants, let me say how well our nearest neighbow, have responded to our coil, who, imitatlr; tri example of their enlightened monarch, have .n olky tlicir atitiem, to Southampton, that in the realm. of mimic", as in public amain, there ia that entente cord 'ale bet wee!: their great nation and our own, of which, at a farmer meeting, we were personally anon:el by the profound Arago himself. No sooner was it made known that the chdr of ehembery at this meeting was to be fllksl by 3iiehnel Faradsy, than a compeer worthy of Mtn is the Academy of Sciences of Paris was announced in the pereon of M. !Maim. Tu thin sound phi loarpher It is well known that we nive, not only the dlsoirery of IL t law rf ,abetitution of tylies, whiiii has so pow( rfully aided Mt Cgmof organic ehannistry, but also the annieseful application of arlenoe to the arta and useful purposes of life; his great work on that subject, "La Clilmie appliqMe aux Arts," being as Loonier ot every manufactory in England as it is upon the Conti:mt. Nor, if we turn from chemistry to geology, min such of as as work among the melds be backward in our ceprce.! MA of thankfulness, in witnessing the goodly attendance of our brethren of the honinurfnan France, woo have come to examtuc, in saw own natural sec tions of the Isle of Wight, the peculiar development of their Paris been, the identity of their chalk and our own, the tie sections of our greenaand and et the Wadden formation of Mantel!, and to determine with us in silt, the strict relations of their Neommian rocks with those peculiar strata which at Atherneld, in the Isle of Wight, have been SA admirably illustrated by Ilr. Vans and other native geologists, and of which ouch beautiful and accurate diutrams have been made by Captain Ibbotrien. It is utterly impossible that ouch gatherings together of foreign philorophera with our own should not he productive of much advan tage ; for he must indeed he a bad statist in science who knows eat tied numerous are the works of merit. which or published in periodi cals, or in the volumes of societies of one country, which remain ale nether unknown in another; and dill less am he be acquainted wilk the present accelerated march of science, who is not aware that Se germs of discovery which are lying ready in the minds of diarist ann temporaries must often be brought into action by such an intceitimp of thought. The collision of such thoughts may indeed be ample! to the agency of the electric telegraph of our Wheatstone, which ore centrates knowledge from afar, and at once unites the cx • -• f • • 4 ...;• li .. kingdoms in a COMMAS' circle of intelligence. %It a t i.. 1 A. ~.f i but although the distinguished foreigners to whom I have *„ 711.7, 3 '. \ and others, includingour welcome aasociate M. Wurtmentu - • . • of the Vaudois Society, and M. Prevost, of Gent va, on u !F . ''' . -- - ./. ' , „f ... I would willingly dilate if tome permitted It, are now cull , a . . ,:-'. . ' 7... .i lIA; many, among whom I must name M. de Cheunont, t 4 - 11. . ~ . of the French tiociely fur the advancement of Science, . • ' r.ce. : • . A'• vented from honourmg as with their preaence, bemuse cr i'd W meetings in their revere l countries deo occur in the of - • • i tember. To remedy this inoonvenietwe, I ventared, when ly: you six years ago at the Glidigow meeting, to express the nor . p *le •• - • --• „. each of the national European societies might be led to abstain 4grimp .. i. .., %. i t y teAar from aosembling in ita own country, for tbe punies t. be e ma il! re - - 4 by its own deputies to a general rowan. al 60: