The Express. — London, England, 1849-01-16 00:00:00

Dot lasssidss. 114 Dd. s.w. IS IL ladriseildr. 1231713 Tend. sod Dor, If ems Nassirms. IR I es it • Ni,.. 3 II pat M.. 4s ad fat press limbers earl Worm (ire- Discos as las Orin Welterll. • Qrs., N 4 Ds. :few 171., 1$ I DWI sod &Om lON Lisa sad Tads-, Qrs. • war, Do. slareestls.4 Ds. Wei Ilidisslllllll3. I Ds. Promos sad Wg. 37 Lade sad 3 Idols sof Th r = d 4 L eke mad Illissitws3. S di _ _ Ibidlembramelt erg Palm 11 per Cost. vac, SS Ilea MN& e, CMILA N. Mr Oribilt U:1, Wee, w Weft, /11 limeia. lei Onr„ ty Ileepellre Doke, L laitmis. SS De. Our. PI 3. 4, /1 et he Weer VaL per Ct. Gesr., 38 Turk. Neva . k Mr. (Orlg. New. De. 1:11810: NO. 1 (York Is Now), De. Do. 1 (Lewes& I Dm), D.O. N. I. Par, te I leek eel N. 111 Sib Ailem4 N. at treees, $ u'-act. Th.. market was • +d Maw. karat. p Sam k N. Mai. Owe, 1$ G. Werkm. • a Teek. le tkaa. I/11 d A.. Remo ( 4i11j1 2 4 LodLzka.. 11 * :•oria Melon Kew gra. 81. 26. p d Ds Mad. ), MI M. amlbradant. S L Li. h lllalsl im= 4OL OMNI, Doak ed d /0415a1.1194 Ds. Iliggat. q 114.34. d 7111 I. It Dow, 14e. 4. U. IIL ed. Teat. News.. dad Bor. (G. N. Z. D aub hr..lllsal Ids. To. . ed. as LIJA 'Arran IS. al advaseed prime have bees Los. sod N. Weetera. 12111 170. Nig QrA,ll1 p Do Uo. hr i t i .. (A. aII). P IS, d 14. 13 e. li ans : d i u . C.), 374. 3 114 p A. IL t law ;A. 7 7-14 11.1/ Whartesle, d The sthrketTOW bewsrod,l Rirrs for laud mocha. Aostonato Not, it Doo., 4 MO d Loa. I York. (N. L L Mob id. 3 1 1 d Do. 011. ltz,lo d Do. Mir 111 Kll,mo.lold D 4. Prat (pal/ 11# Ledo sod Dank PUP doof , tie De.(tlisti.ll Um.), 124 d 1111311001411 I In this omit t there WWI • to bards the d es prime mat N. Staibrdoldro, 1$ d Manna Umiak, 4k. IL 41 LIMP Walk Immo= 13. This Mini the yearly meeting ul the brokers coameted with the Leeds Steak Rzeheride, there was a emakkrable estatir r pressor, yet, as thi. was the last day foe the present meesnr, tise traumatism wen net samerwas, sad values varied very 'Luis. Oral Northers, 10 d 11. Lau. Now, 31 , d WAITS, Nast, (11) Ltbaram. & (look d LIAL huroAar IL very buit busiadds done, bat kp eimaid.rably. skrewsbary mad Bit. (Lb W d BILLITOL SALM, JAITI/MIT 13. TM market was soatewhed better. Oast Wasters Ora, d I Or. Wasters New 1/111111111111, II TO= SAL 18. JASSIAT If. Liters Mdse. ads s, 14 York k kor. MICE. Oftfl Northws. I Per.). II 41. Ls. W. PRODUCE. MleCtoo-LaNE, Haff-prat Zoe. — The large pubic sale. of Sugar, ' , omitting of 300 itbds. We et India, and 20,000 begs, consisting of M..nritioa, Beard, and Madras, ars progressing staaddy, at WI pram ; but they will not amniotic until a late hour. R fined swains very firm.—Colfro maintains the late advisee ; but the public sal.' are going o ff with rather l eis spirit; good or iaifif D ativ e Carlon bou.iht in, 35s —fialieetre : Re fraction 4/. mold at 27.. to 27a. 6.., which wen run priers.— Popper 400 bags very good black Sumatra sold at high =1 to 2$ pie lb.—Cotton : Thera bela ban an improved today—Sam rainier firm.—ln ether articles no malarial alteration, but now articles wears a Si. appear. erne. ?Men CURREINr. Ilusia. 461., ;66; mum. X. b/16,16.0.6166.346. 011.336.61 Kiddßpi X 6...37 6 0661 lola. SS ..41 Iliartnasorums.„ X 0.. 34 • U • .0 I res. 3O 0-40 4 1 810041640alrea.b. 37 .4 • It 0-10 _ _ r l O, No. 1. A 5... • 0 Hoops. ll 10...1 r Cargo atCardlff bar II L.. 0 0 ,et/w0 ll Y... 17 II Lau, at per te Di.d I. S IS I bis teset ...... ban— . Patent . ael .. ....„., III le._ 0 0 Mao N • Irows.- U 0..0 DI M 811 047 sad wifts. II 0...41 Niartl. 4 0 O U.1d .84 DIM. Oier• 8 1, 44 bah ALI Oust N I._ GO OS 0...101 Oylo4 geoil ordi nary.. Si •.. U • Pim 84 o._ 44 Fibs— N •... AND • 114404, gust Niro ••... N 0 Oars Mu. ado =Mr N o._ N owl dna SI 0... a Ta 4, at per 10. 0110100.48 m ma. 0 8 ... • • 11444,,a• par cwt. Ilripi 40114 • •.. 11 S Came. ... Jays our Ur i& f •.. 18 • Pialasoluesi N 0.. II . 111 I.- 14 112 i 11peltory p 14 10... OWLpr 334 imp. .Lp. NaL N 10 ..27 straw II 10 Oran k 700 ow NI 6. II 111 11...43 l m lleter II 0 ILI Cod 33 111 .43 1 South 0....3,0•1140311;44.164 46 0.. 44 Como Nitt N 0. 36 .. Am& Kim Po* Limed . . . 111 13 fa 0 mimosa, par sot. Botta—Cork . 70 0. 7$ 4tho 411 0 N 50be • y.. 11 0 Dublin, let. 6 0 o I Llama, d 0..... N U. 66 0 Carkrw, ht -- TO 0.. N Nowt. 1N—.... 6 0... • t W.terkw4 ...... N 0...70 Nef, 14431 a pee Mtn relate Ws . • 4 Porkorlee mos 7ll I. N 130144-rorIL Lark . • • 1.64. NUNN '" 13.404, WatorNed „ Leen.-- N •.. 61 • 1ar4,13411•L prfrl I a o _ o4 Nekerord. do Mb Bladder a. A. sal Y. Woo, dr 7 ue. id es. O. .44.ted... 64214 try;: 6 • WIN dry— 0 1...* 34 Walt 11...0 I n 0 ...0 u lotted • 1}..? 3 NA IDOL 0 4 ...0 104 ium.t...tyie.e, dry 6 . .0 .lry 4. Asoor.llores, par 113.10 ... 4 111 11 esti, MG . *. at 6 11 .. e Mx Woes per IN. LustruFLJami44..o 13... 0 I nomemras ..... 11... lc Um at per pel. Leeward Mod Demerara: 31 s; ft oat o.r. . per . s 2 astaio;; inl; se per wed. i4,P. 310 1 0 rafter's* narks 4 • .- 4 truly, Islamists 8 • • 10 BMA spirits, eLp. 10 0 .. • u 110,0* Idea IS .1 • rLAZ. pee lea. 41311 LAO C. U. - Pevereenui, • II IL • Duda and nada 80 11...00 Trlselaad ... - . . 0.. A) Hoar, at Pe lea llLPrierebassalerweSlO mamba Widen. U • • Sim Rhine &I 14...14 C. saeliot paw ......... _ 11...3111 Emit Gila Sum_ !II 0...13 eqa 9 9_ • . 11161167 /4 to 11W Tut, at pee owt. 3 ••••• SS • • 4 _ _ VOS — d7l, IP limmersk Imme road o_lB • lama 0... I 0 eon in blanks 7l 0... Ter Inon, at Ina. Barn AS 0 go Lamm ...pan ..« IS 19 ..13 0 Karl Alwhirs. II 1... 3 II , 111.1111 P. •. 30 0 TALLOW.—The market is still quiet, although dm demand continuer good. Petersburg Y. C. on the spot, 41e. Bd. ; March only, 41a. 3d ; Oct. to Dee., Ma. IL CORN.—Arvinla at the granaries, by the Easteru Counties Railway, for the week ending Jan. 14 : Malt MI bra , Beare Wheat barley .... .... 1615 „ near 3216 easka. Oats CIIIINCEITIII, lan. 15.—We have a very dull trade to day em sverhing in the shape of gull-, with a retrooraion la prises. whist in stood supply, at lest weak's istices. nsnack premed on the ntarkm, at a decline of 2s. per os rather cheaper. :Wheat. 101 . to 1U 10 .. per load. Barley, 2.55. to 28s. per qr. Oats, 18.. to 255. B sins, 3110 to 40 . DONC•STIII, lan. 13.—About an average supply of Wheat; Gm dry rumples be.. g wares, they were looked atter, and meshed ed. per three bush-ls advance ; ordinary qualities were tree sale, bat it was delimit to establish sny *draw; the market closed Amy and few lots %amid. There was a Ira market for Barley, Air qualities making 295. to 31s. ; enadary and (triode's( hilly as dear se last weak. Fur old Beans we have a retZ &mud at ast week's prices ; sew see little inquired alter. Oars are the turn cheaper, sad light qua.ixes are exceedingly low in prim The prima are Wheat, new. 14s. to 11. ; floe 184. to 20e. 64.; old, lea. to Else, les. to 21 .. 61. Biewkont, Ils. to lee ; Ise, 17e. ,• lip, 10e to 12.. ; tine, 13s. Beam, sew, Ile. to 1 3 .. ; les. ; old, IV. to 145.; lbw, 15e. Peas, grey, 11.. to 12.. ; white. Ile ; per three bug es imperial. Oita, sew, 15e. to 20.. • files, 21e. • ' old, 18a. to 22e. ; Gne, 23.. to 244. Begley, 234. to Ns. ; Ilse malting, 29*. to els. per quarter. HAMMON, Jan. 16.—We • large supply down to day, though not much bes des Wheataad Raley. The beet inmples of - 6mM brought nearly last week's pricer, while tte old Wheats and very inferior Barley were difficult to quit. 160 perdcular alteration in Bean. at d P.m. LANCASTIM, Jan. 13 —We have had but a dull market, warmly any ; yet no change Irom the prices of this day tennight. Good 'Wheat, per loan of 26011..., trow 29e. •to 335. Oatmeal, per load of 24011va. 2-Ss to 265. 6.1. B ans, 16s. 6d. to 17.. 61. We hear tb .t e• n. damage has hews does to the young Wen- plant vet. the lands along the aide of the River Lune, owing to an stlexpered eery Ugh tido, on Wednesday the 10'h, which overiowed the land, sad in many parts mishe4 the plant away. Other grounds, upon which the water -till remains, and where the beWhi at previous was looking well, will undoubtedly be lost to the owner. &taunts°, Jam. 15.—A large qaaatity of sew Wheat at market heday, with bat a limited isle. Old fold also rather slots siiithout sl•erttion In prigs. Barley quit* a. aleete4. Oat , Beau, mad Pees aoalt►r«i. Vilest, white, cld, 141 . to 141. 10a ; new, 81. to 111 ; red. old, 131. to 131. 10. ; new, 81 to 101. Barley, 26s to 30s. Oats, 16e. , o 18s. Beau, 32s to 365. Peak 36.. to 38e. Ifaamotreu. lea. 13.—We have a lair sup'ly of all grain this week. nu ohangeabla weather camas Wood" to owns in but moderato condition. The res.'s is slow, and bir.ly maintains lets prim. Barley, for the best salting, eat much altered is value, btu seem ary sad ordiasry qualities ars again lower. De ese sod P.m; in •ry litt4 demand, at lower prices. Oats and F.onr ate a dull sale. Wheat, white, 46, to 48• ; red, 445. to 41.. Barley, 245. to 30s. Brans, 30s to 33e. Peas, 34e. to 36, Oats, Ilia. to 245. par qr. e'Cieek.--Metees. Cooper and Davis report the (olin.!ap qvorations : Prime Irleadow, ei% to Va. I Rowse.. ea to I %raw.— Ma to lb I& to Us. • tore 71. toast. I CATTLE.ite.—Total of Cattle reeeived in Lordon, la the Eastern Comfier Railway, toe the we. It ettAing Jag. 827 ; Calves, 71 ; She. p, 4,967 ; Piga, 68. NOttleicx, Jan. 13.—0 .r market exhibited a very poor s h ow of don Cattle; to day tmla 'say be tor sidered the wont known for yetis' pint, mai rot a buyer worth note*. F a t &gr. g hared trade, at from b.. gl.to 7a par steno of 14111 a. There were so keeping Sheep or ii. eta worth 71- pm-dna taKehevp slid at 7 p r stow, without a elearaneit. Elton Piga a dull sale; tat Pork Oa W Is. 6d. per NOM. For reskrdases sweats itas hwe pope. Eht OffttlSL 31•11.11. The Wag loft gaatagas aneada. Ilessfra. Mew Orissa% red Madre. awl Yebaba' those ler = e l% Jra.le.7lleangee. Mew 0110/4 awl rem will be me* apse the am India of the 17* Jae. The irOs ler Vlso, Opine, L. rerun. Cada. M fillwalter will be Me apes lie serif el the Ones% the 17* ha. the *Mk let 1111Malier, MON lades Ishada Ai^ CIO% Mee*Msed. sed alke. floatbreepees. " I. =ode tea the = a l s. l the it* le* The mi. We to th the lileaserreara, Burk amreado& will be nab ap ea e tramlalt the de* 11. mho he UMW Nee* llaweirs. sad the Mailed OW% will be made op ea the molar ef the 17th Jas. The mile der New 2.5* Mei" to Mehidda's Lai, dad New foam w it* e ere* up es the erealog of the Slat Jo. Ile arse tie Om Wert Oemet it art* sad Madeira will he made V we thewormag of the Melia. maleup =Mt he IMAM% the bud* sad Imam APIS, will be ea the ~lag of the ith Tela 1100 MAWS AT LONDON IMO% Ten D. OmAm 6 =ma pin 8 Atimuses. We. pug 7. To it NIL pm 74 AN•ram. =IL pan L LONDON. TUESDAY. JAN. 16. In an article of its react number, the Bdiseburgh Revises has solemnly abjured the doctrines regarding ,1 Irish pauperism to which it professed itself a convert just_ twelve months ago. Most of our readers pro bably remember the semi-official discoveries that were announced in the [January number of that periodical for 1848. The old errors of whig economics were then penitettially confined New light had broken in during the instructive days of famine. " The Irish crisis" was oome. The occult causes of national distress were at length made plain, and the mystery of national relief was solved. The all-sufficient remedy was delared " by authority" to be—limitless rates, on limitless &striate, for a limitless time. The old race of landlords would thereby be rapidly extirpated, and a new race of capitalists would forthwith take their *as. Everything small would be abolished—small holdings, small farmers, small towns, and small industry of every kind. All would be re-constituted on a great scale, and by sheer dint of rate upon for the support of the unemployed poor. "Eureka" was chanted loudly ever the InAm bred Estates Bul ; while emigration and home colonisation were denounced u obsolete delusions._ We vent ured at the time to express our sad misgivings that the Treasury programme of 1848 would not do. We could not soddenly bring ourselves to repudiate the obvious, though too long neglected, means of lightening the foundering ship. We could not re cognise the possibility or the prudence of an indiscri-1 millets and summary confiscation of property through the instrumentality of local taxation. We did Lot believe that the two houses of landlords would easily be induced to pass a bill that would really facilitate the sale of incumbered estates. And finally, we did not perceive how any country whose ordinary supply of home-grown food had suddenly failed, and whose manufacturing products were con- feseedly insufficient to nay for the food it required from abroad, could be restored to prosperity, comfort, or industry, by the mere augmentation of poor-rates. When Archbishop WHATZLEY was asked, seine years before the famine, what he thought of out-door relief as a remedy for Irish poverty and over-population, he is said to have replied, " Pretty much - what I should think of giving a hungry dog a bite off his own tail." How such a mouthful was likely to have become more nutritious after • season of unusual privation did not to us seem clear. But that, of courier, was our dulness, or want of faith. The gospel, according to Sir CELUILES. was prom ated es cathedra, to the pages of the Edinburgh Review. Every attempt to modify the fiagrant inequalities of the poor-law was rejected with scorn ; even irquiry was refused with the su percilious pity which the confidence of official infalli- Itility inspires. Emigration was more than ever scoffed at, and reclamation of was.es was scouted as a crotchet or a swindle. And the Inctimbered Estates Bill, having been made thoroughly sale and ineffec tive, was paused by large majorities in parliament, and, at the close of the first session of " the new era in legislation for Ireland," vaunted of specially in the Queen's speech. But how soon kas the fine gold become dim, and the faith in TREVELYAN waxed cold ! Already with candour befitting its sense of humiliation and earnest contrition, the Edinburgh hesitates not to recant all the follies and fallacies (as it now calls them) into which it was lured last year; and hastens back to its ancient principles. By way of self-imposed penance it specially refers to what it said in October, 1848,—that oat-door relief for the able-bodied poor of Ireland can never by itself rescue the labour of that unhappy land from idleness, or its propeity from destruction ; that, without • re-adjust. ment of the proportion which population bears in the southern and western provinces to the cultivable soil, the condition both of land and people must yearly grow worse instead of growing liztt...r under the burden of unlimited rates ; and that, if the widening gangrene of Irish pomp rism be not excised in time, its fatal circle must eventually coin ' prehend, not the industry and property of Ireland alone, but that of England too. It urges the immi nent need of taking prompt and effectual measures to alleviate the unequal and crushing weight which has been imposed on the capital and labour of the country, and goes the length of asserting that, unless 400,000 souls can be annually removed from the over crowded part of the island for the next tour or five years neither the poor-law nor any other law can be expected to work peaceably or usefully in that kingdom. How farthis estimate may be deemed correct is a question upon which we do not enter here. But as a return towards sane and reasonable doctrines, and an abjura tion of the disastrous empiricism of which unfortunate Ir• land has of late been the victim, we cannot bat re gird with satisfaction the altered tone of our quar terly contemporary. With strange and perverse infelicity, however, the good sense thus manifested regarding social economy is marred by the introduction of topics utterly irrelevant and unneceteary. Four leading measures of relief are propounded. The first we have already noticed ; the others—endowment of the catholic priesthood—in crease of the number of stipendiary magtstretes, and the abolition of the rule requiring unanimity in juries! On the endowment question our opinions are too well known to need repetition here; but what in the name of common senile can be meant by offering two such homcoapathic prescrip tions as the two last named, to a patient whose immtdiete danger arises from ina nition ? Be they intrinsically right or wrong, what serious or perceptible change can a dozen such infini tesimal doses of justice be reasonably expected to pro duce ? It truly sounds like deliberate mockery of fearful wrongs and sufferings, when in the same cate gory of remedies are placed things so dissimilar in aspect and dimensions. Myriads lack food and work, and we are advised to multiply head-policemen ; capital and industry are paralysed by over taxation, and we are asked to g o into committee upon the past and present constitution of juries. One word on this latter point. We do not wish to prejudge the theoretic question it involves. Much has been said in favour of the Scotch law as com pared with the English, and much may, we know, be ingeniously urged to like effect again. But this is clear, that as the popular feelings and tra (quoits of England will rot easily be re conciled to the surrender of what for ages has been cherished as a pticeless privilege and defence against arbitrary power, it is exceedingly improbable that Ireland, in her present mood of dissatisfy ctn and distrust, will readily acquiesce in such a change • and if it be proposed to abrogate the old fundamenta l principle of juries in Ireland, while in England it is maintained, no friend to the Union can hesitate in protesting against such a measure. Tun te can be no more singular exemplification of " the blind attempting to lead the blind " than the rumoured expedition of the French to reinstate the Pot* upon his chair. Here are the French, who have not had a government these ten months, and who ere at this moment quite uncertain ;Own they shall have a government, or whether they ever shall have one, and yet they, who cannot help themselves, are deter mined to help others, and to teach others how to govern or to form a government. If there be one thing in this %toad more uncertain and unfixed then another, it is the constitution and policy of France. Itepub.ican yesterday, semi-repub lican to-day, imperialist to morrow, who can foretell its prevailing policy or its reigning dynasty Yet hie ootk of the weather, veenng will every wind, is *h•out to *tech fixity to the Romans ! And why ? Ueda: what preterite? For the good of the Romans Obi ae. Bat as is "esselle4' !indorser* amobaluvre,a3ea. CAVANIRAC hiliglisd that if he t oidi get -the Pow to 1110/4: it• would costly wpm the &nag of hie celentloa. The radonal Aeon* is low shoat to-lie diemieedead sad Loma Mamma. and hie eoulaßlest fir it would be a great coup to reinstate thrPope. It would fascinate the priests, and &sale the devout catholic* of the south and went. The writer ci the sketches of " Our Representative System' expellee the artifiob of the electaataerint jobbers —come of them monstrous zr ition Inf. a military interven tion and ex -to bring the Pops from Gaeta, and him, surrounded by French bayo nets to make his entry into Rome, in despite of its g~eaeent,aationel guard, and people—this would be the meet monstrous electioneering trick on reoxd. The Czar of &MU might Jost as well march his Cossacks ones more to Paris for the avowed purpose of making hie Russian Majesty popular with the rirosidjicke and serfs of his own empire. We mutual that this would be a most beggarly sam ple of the pohoy of Napoleonian government. Had it interfered to prevent a powerful and tyrannic state beta oppressing a little one, the attempt might have been impertinent and impolitic, but at least it would have been magnanimous. But to choose out the smallest and most harmless population in the world, in order to bind it, and muzzle it, and hand it back to the prince who ran away from it, the, to say the least of it, is a pitiful and inglorious act, more worthy of some ci-derant prefect of police than of a man with the name of NAPOLEON. And the most amusing part of it is that this stupid ultra revolution in Rome has been perpetrated by a BONAPARTE, by the old and silly Prince of CANINO ; whilst this mighty movement of French tactics is chiefly destined to undo in the name of one BONA ',Awns the follies committed at the suggestion of an other. What a teak, too, will the French undertake. They march, or sail, to restore a sovereign, to re-im pose nim on his subjects. The attempt is useless, unless they follow it up by supporting this sovereign, by attending on him with their bayonets, by hedging him round and acting police for him. It was this that the French under the Duke of ANGOULEME were obliged to do for King FERDINAND and the Spanish court in 1823. And how were they repaid ? The Ft each soldiers were in recompense made to 'saint at the execution of RI EGO. But this is no longer possible, it will be said. The French will mania into Rome under the banner of moderation or moderantism—the same banner under which the unfortunate Roast fell. If so, the French will occupy in Rome the same place that DE Rossi occupied, that is, be abhorred by the ultras and the priestly party, execrated by the popular and demo cratic party. I'eople are disgusted by the well known fact that on Ds Rossi's death there burst forth the most fiendish glee and the most exuberant exultation. But did this proceed from the democrats? On the contrary, we have learnt d from the most excellent authority, that those who were loudest in exultation, and in suborning notes of triumph, were the ultra-aristocratic and despotic party. Ross! was more odious to them than even to the democrats. And the French will now occupy his position, as the sole moderates of a land, where there are no moderates, and as the abirri of a pontiff, who will be hated, it for no other reason, at least for the crying one, of being supported by foreign bayonets. For our part, we cannot think the demands of the Romans unreasonable, that temporal and spiritual powers should be separated, and that the ad ministration of their territory should not he rendered something subservient yr the views of a religious chief, who thought more of conciliating Austria, and of meddling with the intrigues of the diocese of Tuam, than of honestly paying attention to the domesttc and economical affairs of Cen tral Italy. The French, we will be bond to say, would no submit to have the interests of France postponed to, or mixed op with, the inte rests or views of the Propaganda College, or of any oth. r portion of a hierarchy. We are wet: aware that there is no crisis more dreadful, no period so critical, as that in which a na tion discontented with the incapacity of its ruler, rises in arms, and comes to treat with its sovereign. Such a crisis occurs in all countries. or will occur ; and fearful we admit it to be for sovereign and for people. But this is equally certain, that the interference of a third rarty ' always renders matters infinitely worse. It defers the settlement that must perforce take pla-e if sove reign and people be left to themselves, and when they are so, conservative, aye, and loyal elements are never wanting. But when the sovereign is made to depend on foreign support, and when - he people are thus induced to look to the same, and to join foreign intrigue with domestic struggles, then the case of that country is hopeless. In a country so situated the sovereign will never attain security, the minister will never command respect, nor the people ever enjoy either freedom or prosperity. Such, at present, is the state of Spain, thanks to the French intervention. And such will be Italy with the same interference, and under the same auspices. Mormax pouticians alternately cuff eau kiss each other with as brief intervals and as little apparent reason as Clown and Pantaloon in the pantomime. When the whip last came into office they passed over their old Chancellor of the Exchequer to instal Sir CHARLES WOOD in his place. Sir F. BARING was not only left out of his former office, no plies whatever was found for him in the new arrangement. Accordingly, when Lord Joey Hue sm. presented his original budget on the 18th of March last, Sir F. BARING delivered an opposition speech so pretty, and effective, and damaging, that it elicited praise even from Mr. DISRAELI. Why Sir FRANCIS was thus passed over no one could con jecture. He certainly was not thought the most effi cient of Chancellors of the Exchequer then, what, ever may be the impression now, when the official career of Sir CHARLES WOOD is interposed to soften by contrast and extenuate his shortcomings. Nor can the omission of his name in the ministerial list be a•tri bated to the grasping spirit of the " governing family," for Sir nun's is a gitimste, intimately allied to the house of OBEY on the one hand, and to the AUCKLAND group on the other. The transient coolness and alienation is inexplicable; sod equally un accountable is the re-admission of the caustic critic of the budget of February last, or his ucceptance of the Admiralty under those who slighted him as Chancel lor of the Exchequ• r. In so far as the Premier is concerned in these love quarrels, there is a good deal to be said in extenuation of the part he plays. A carpenter who las only a limited number t.f old worm-eaten deals wherewith to patch up a leaky and battered boat, must be excused if he alternately throw aside, and select one of them more from fancy than judgment. And the assortment of timbers Lord JOHN has got to pick and choose from is scanty enough. The overtures made to Lords Lint:out and DALHOUSIE and Mr. SIDNEY HERBERT while his cabinet was it.choate, was a pretty frank confession that his stock in hand of materials was not over-plentiful ; and the flag of distress hung out to Sir JAMES GRAHAM is still more unequivocal. The case is urgent. The good ship Whig is on her beam-ends, her crew too much reduced to work her, and the flag is hoisted with the union downwards. Sir JAMES GRAHAM sees that they cannot do without him, and holds off till his full terms are granted. But rather than do that, Lord lons will make one effort more with the old hands, and Sir F. BARING, natu rally apprehensive that a coalition may render his exclusion permanent, accepts of office with his party in extrema. A mighty pother is being made by the Times about Lord JOHN'S freedom from feelings of clanship in sending for Sir JAMES GRAHAM. The truth is that ' Sir JAMES was originally one of the set; be rowed in the same boat with Lord JOHN much longer than he has rowed with Sir ROBERT PEEL. He broke with the whip on the question of an alliance with O'CON NELL, and now even O'Connellism is defunct, and Mr. WARD'S Irish Church motion has been blown away into the limbo of Vanity. Lord STANLEY and Sir JAMES GRAHAM allied themselves with Sir Ho- BERT PEEL, after Sir ROBERT had accepted of the Reform Bill and its inevitable consequences. Tne high tory section of ti - e party, rallied by Sir ROBERT under this gathering cry, have fallen back again upon their old principles, and Lord STANLEY has gone with them. Sir JAMES GRAHAM has adhered to Sir ROBERT and the conser vatives wt.° have griped down free trade in addition to the reform bill as (to use Lord JOHN'S exprestion) a final m-asure. There is now absolutely no differ. ence of principle between Sir JAMES and Lord Jots ; there is therefore no concession required or made whoa the ?rimier asks the truant who left him la 1886 to return, sod bring along with him such of his new Menials are at of, with it* in opinion. It is likely to prove that Sir James is adj . & loan frvilmthe whip to the conservative% to ktgaA back with interest when the latter come to he - itp house. The distinction between whigs and conforming con servatives is a distinction without a difference, and all the world sees itt. The former are a full-grown party, r somewhat, it is tree, " declined into the vale of years,' and the latter a fragment of another 'Arty, which would fain pass muster for a whole one. But their principles or professions are identical. They bear the same resemblance to each other as a stripling may to a man, or as the Chronicle does to the 71rnes, slam both fell under the management of a "governing family." If they can strengthen themselves by ceas ing to =act the farce of an unreal opnosition, there is no valid reason why they should not come together : no one has anyright to forbid the banns. But will whiggery, or liberal conservatism, or con servative liberalism, receive any a ccession of strength from this fusion of parties P That may be questioned. The accession of Sir Jas GRAHAM to the cabinet would doubtless 'name its administrative ability, so far as he is ptrsonally concerned ' • but those he brings along with him would be as complete cyphers in office as any who may have to make way for them. The slender increase of 'okra., however, is the least consideration. The whigs are weak, less in conse quence of personal incapacity, than of their isolation troni the °priors and sentiments of the great liberal party throughout the nation. In forming an alliance with the conforming conservatives they make no ap proximation toward. popular opinion; but, on the contraey, court the alliance of a body who have at least professed to stand still more aloof from and inde pendent of it. The coalition will bring them no increase of popular confidence and affection, the ele ment of strength in which they are most deficient. And yet the best thing Lord JOHN RUSSELL can do will be to renew the suspended negotiations with Sir JAMES GRAHAM, and give that gentleman his own terns. Lord JOHN knows that he cannot keep his ground in parliament without an accession of administrative talent; he knows that Sir JAMES, though not exactly a statesman in the highest sense of the word, is a shrewd, exact, indefatigable men of business—more so than any other public man of the day; and by the overtures he has just wide to Sir JAsEs, Lord Jonx has let the whole world into the secret that this is his opinion. The tone in which the government organ has been instructed to speak of the negotiation, shows that it is not finally abandoned as hopeless, and few are in doubt as to the real difficulty which retards its successful con clusion. Th.• application to Sir JAMES GRAHAM, who has perilled his reputation on his being able to prove that, with all his retrenchments, he left the navy in an efficient condition and amply supplied with stores, demonstrates the anxiety of the whigs to buy golden opinions b• effecting some economy, and by doing it in that department. The hesitation of Sir JAMES GRAHAM to close with th in sugges's the suspicion that the whigs have as yet only made up their minds to a sham or show reduction of expendi- Itore in the navy, and that Sir JAMBS will not corn pronrse himself without being assured that he will have it in his power to make tree reduction real. MERE are two cAisummatinns, for which Times, Chronicle, and all the aristocratic party, are moat anxious. These are tt , e comp!. to subjugation of Sicily by Naples, and of Hungary by Austria. For these they offer daily vows, overwhelming Lord PALMERSTON with the direst obloquy, because of his doing the little utmost that the spirit of public opinion and of parties will allow to aid the cause of constitutional government in both these countries. Hut Lord PALMERSTON shown any desire to inter vene in behalf cf the despots or despotism of either nation, the tones would have ap plauded, or slurred over the intervention. But ford PatAttiorroN's manoeuvres being on behalf of liberty are nowise to be pardoned. We think his lordship wrong—wrong in prlontaing, or attempting, or signify ing, any species of support, even to the most noble of causes, whick the country will not support him in effecttutlly and zealously carrying out. We sympa thise with Lord PaimeasTota's motives, and believe his tendencies truly liberal ; but the time has come when we must leave foreign liberalism to take care of itself. And it is the duty of British statesmen hence forth to eschew small diplomacy, as to avoid little wars. The most amusing part, however, of these tw o eases of Hungary and of Sicily is,that in aceompliehing the wishes of our aristocratic and tory politicians, the despots of Austria and of Naples would be dealing the Dewiest blow to aristocracy and to the aristocratic principle, that yet r mains to be stricken. In fact, Sicily and Hungary are the only two regions of Europe in which an hereditary, a wealthy, and a powerful landed aristocracy survives. You may look in vain for such, either in Austria Proper, in Preens or even in ROSfill, where nobksse is essentially an official distinction. The revo lution, and the long French dominion in the kingdom of Naples, equally rooted oat the aristo cracy there, and had made the titles of count and baron to become rather insults and br-words, than marks of dignity. In Sicily and in Hungary, on the contrary, the landed nohksse has continued to flou rish from its old roots. They made the revolution of lbws countries, as our noblesse made that of 1688. Such a thing as one democratic chamber was never thought of. In both, peers rnd magnates were allowed their rights, their house of legislation apart. And if the English constitution is ever again to be repeated, or tried out of England, it must be in Hungary or in Sicily. But our tory politicians have, it seems, a horror of the British consteution anywhere else than at home. They load with vituperation and condemn to the scaf fold the independent nohksse of those countries in arms against a despotic court. And they invoke the advent of military conquest and official ascendancy in order that seignoiiial rights, House of Prers, and all other ne moanti of a somewhat aristocratic constitution, be swept away. For our part we regret this levelling and sweeping destruction. However opposed to aristo cratic ascendancy, when carried too far at home we think that wherever a Noblesse exists, it ought to have its place in the constitution, and he allowed to keep all of that place which it would naturslls retain without the aid of artificial and unfair privilege*. Our tariff:, however, have no mercy upon Sicilian or Hungari :n nobles, especially when, like our own of the olden times, supporting their rights against the crown. They would make a tabula rota of the two countries, in order to introduce that enlightened and equable species of government practised from time immemo run by the comets of Vienna and of Naples. Be it so. But this e will say, that there is not republican, an ultra-democrat, or a communist, that will not join hands and congas' oboe with the limes and Chronicle at seeing the Hungarian and Sicilian noblesse mashed and annihilated by those kings and armies, whose supremacy they for long centuries re sisted. We regret to see that our fee's for Hungary have been realised. WINDISCHGRATZ has not ind-ed cap tured Pomorn, bat be bus found his way through the difficult forest region which extended between it and the Plattensee ; and our Vienna correspondent sends us a bulletin, announcing the e- trance of the Austrians into Pesth on the 6th. The Hungarians, indeed, fought what is called the battle of the Moor, but proved, u we anticipated, no match for the regular troops of their foes. And vet Austria retains, by force and s tr atagem, 12,000 Hungarian soldiers in Italy. Were theme re4iments restored to the national cease and soil, and able to unite in ranks with the brother midi. r at home, the result of the present campaign might have been different. KOSSUTH must rue the day when, in cre diting the bland but false langusge of the court of Vienna, he proposed to leave the Hungarian regi ments ander the standard of RADETSKI. Then he might have recalled them : MHO it is too !ate. The canoe of Sicily is one of more promise. The Palermitans have hail time to equip an army and to provide excellent officers for it. They have also pur chased some steamers, and General FlLAstr.teitt, even although he should be as well supplied as Wm- DiscaGßArt with Russian succours, will find the re duction of Palermo no au-h easy matter. Should the King of NAPLES make an attempt on Palermo, and fail—should hr bombard it, and ma.• sarre its inhabitants, as he did at Messina, without (Erecting the °unglue! that the possession of the cita del of Messina allowed him to make, he must abide the consequence, shich, in that case can be no less than the Inge of the island, a result that the govern ments of France and England have, we believe, la boured to prevent. One of our tory contemporaries sneered some time back at the envoys sent by these brave and struggling countries to implore succour acd mediation here. The envoy from Sicily is, we believe, one of the first noblesse of the island. The Hungarian envoy here, who was despatched with credentials from the Archduke Palatine of Hungary to the Archduke loam, and by him duly received and acknowledged, is also well known to be a noble of the moderate and oonstitutWial party in Hungary. Although he enter tains these moderate opinions it bag not made him deny that Komura represented the true interests and independence of Hungary. THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 1p 1849 GERMANY. The Berlin papers of the 11th do not con*ain any news of interest either Prussian or Austrian. Tne journals of the 12th are still due. No further intelli gence from Vienna or Hungary. FRANKFORT.—Our dates from this free city are to Jan. 12, on which day the National Assembly re sumed its sitting in Panes Church. All the ministers were present, and the public tribunes were filled to overflowing. The order of the day was the disco-s.on of the report of the committee on the Austrian ques tion and the programme of the ministry. Besides the motions of the majority and minority of that com mittee (which have already appeared' in the Ex. press), there were five amendments laid on the table, and not less than 94 members demanded permission to address the house : Herr VINEDET (the reporter of the committee on the Austrian questien) was the first speaker. The first words tut he would utter wire " God for Fatherland, and a united Germany above all." Nine months ago he had imagined that the time was come for the establishing of a p.twerful Germany, now the question was whe.her that nation should be divided or not. To drive Austia away now in order t unite it at • future time more firmly to Germany was a mistaken notion. Tr-st rejection of Austria would lead to a Prussian empire ; and such a step would rend( r Austria hos tile to Prussia and Germany. Tne illy on which such • re solution should be arrived at would for ever alienate the beast of every Autrian. Bwitzsrland, Alsace, and Belgium formerly belonged to Germany ; now they have no dew- to be G •rman The ermm ttee trusted that the question would not be made a csbinet one, so that the misfortune and ruin ol the country might not depend upon a majority of some 30 or 40. Baron VON GAOEHN, President of the Ministry, next rose. He had not brouznt forward his programme without much consideration, and without being convinced of its necessity. He thought th t it was important for the assembly to come to a decision respecting it before the foundation of the cyn• stitution was laid. He had to announce that the central ministry would not accept the proposition of the majority of the committee, but that of the minority. Austria was a country which entertained iu the least degree the popular ionscious new of being German. (Interruption) The chief object which the best friends of Fatherland had in view was to change the confederation of states into a confederate state. The first di ffi culty lay in the s^lf-conseiousoess of the various TalC.o; they desired a national confederation, but could not mike up their minds as to the amount of secrifice required. That saenfice would seem the heaviest to those races who were [proud of their separate hi.tory. This was particularly the case with Austria. In 1815 it was dee'rons of developing its political existence independently of Ger many. He was coefi lent that, on the other haiid, the ma jority of the Prussians entertained the opinion that Prussia nould only exist in intimate connexion with Germany. (Cheers) He must deny, however, that in his pr.'gramine he had in view the meeting of tee views of Prussia. Tne quo stion respecting the chief bend of Germany belonged, not its the central ministry, but solely to the National Assembly. He was aware that a portion of the German Austrians de sired a dote union with Germany, but he must look upon the programme of the Austrian ministry at Eremeii r as the ex• pression of the opinion of the majority of Austrians. He would willingly abandon the opinion he had formed, it it could be shown that it is posaihle for Austria to enter into the German confederate sate. He could not help thinking, however, that Austria neither would nor could submit to a German united government, which should not be itself. It was for Austria tosay whether it *on Id Joao. Germany might remain with Austria in the same relation as in and atrer 181.5. lie considered Austria as still standing in that rele ii•n to Germany. But it was incumbent on the ministry to develop considerably that old union, ai d therefore he re quested permission to come to an understanding on the sub jeet with Austria. He was aware that upon goo-1 grounds Austria was prevented from complying with the decisions of the central power. He riterri d to the question of the contingent of men and money. More difficult, however, aas the representing of the central power in foreign politic. The entire policy of Europe is too closely bound up with Austria. The central power could not obey the wishes of the National Assembly, when reqaested by the latter to look well to the west and the east, fix the former was not in formed of 'hat which was going on in V , enna. lie trusteed that the National Assembly would not withh, 11 from minis vt.* the :authorisation to treat with Austria and that it would hold in view only that which was practi cal. (Cheers.) After two or three other members had made some ob servations, HERE VON SCHMERLINO (the Austrian plenipotentiary) observed that he was proud of being a Au -triers. lie bed lately experienced a very cordial reception at Vienna. on ac count of his conduct whilst ac log in the ministry at Frank fort. Let Germany be made a great nation, and then it would postreu a history ; up to the present time it possessed none. (Uproar.) In Prussia people talked about Old Fred (roes alien Fritz) and Manihiki "Forwards." Th, is still greater talk about heroes in Austria, and therefore he was proud of being an Austrian. (Question) Austri alone was not to blame for a win-German dynastic line of policy ; other German powers pur-ued such a line. lie would acknowledge that the man who since 1815 directsil the affairs of Austria, was guilty of working against the unity and freedom of Germany. He (the speaker) blushed for that period of his country's history. livery change in tne constitution of the Align). German rrovinces would greatly affect that of the non-German portions ist the Austrian empire. On that account Austria was justified in demanding to he heard respecting the future constitution for Germany. The Aus trian ministry might well infer, from some of the debates in that house, that Germany was not desirous of rem ining united with Austria. He had done his best in Vienna t s re. move all hostile feelings towards Germany. A full settle ment of all the great questions in dispute woe Indeed difficult, tarticularly as the re-organisation of itself was not completed. He had informed ministers in Vienna that tee would resign his post if they placed any obstacles in the way of Germany completing the work of its constitution. (Cheers ) On the other hand, he would cheerfully assist—and be trusted that in so acting he was prom dirg in the spirit of the Austrian line of polies—in establishing the relations of Germs, y and Austria upon a basis which would be advan tageous fur both. (Partial cheers.) The house then adjourned till the next day (the 13 h), when the debate was to be resumed. The five amene.ments are as follows:—let. That the central ministry enter into negotiations with the Austrian government respecting the union of Germany with the nos-German provinces of Austria. 2nd. That the National Assembly reject the claim of the Austrian government to treat with the central one respecting the constitution, but that it empower the central ministry to negotiate with Austria re specting the relations of its non-German provinces to Germany. 3rd. That the central ministry be called upon to employ all worthy means in its power to come to an understanding with the Austrian govern ment without which the solution of the great ques tion is not possible. 4th. That the central power enter into negotiations u quickly as possible with the Austrian government respecting certain neces levy modifications of the constitution, and make a commute& ion on th. subject before the second reading. And 5.1. That the Assembly pass to the order of the day on the Baron Von Gagern's motion. THE LEVANT. We have reeceived by the Levant mail letters from Malta to the bth inst., and Constantinople and Athens to the 28th ult. The cholera had appeared in the northern provinces of Greece. The following are our correspondent's letters: MALTA, JAN. 5. Ne such gale as the one noticed in my last has been known since IS2I. The total damage on shore and on board will be at least twenty thousand pounds. Her Mtjesty's at. Locust came in from Corfu on the 30th ult. She will oe paid off to morrow, and• the crew of the Triton corned over to her until the Triton's title tubes arrive from England. The cutter yacht Foam le .t on the 30th for Corfu, taking as passengers Lieut... Lock ant Heyman, R.A. The schooner yacht Morrie Lord Dysart, left for C .rlu at the same time. H. M. st. Merlin leaves to-day, at noon, for Corfu, with the mails. The English brig Woodville arrived 'here on the 31st ult., having au board the cr w of the barque Adractus, Capt. Markham, which foundered off Candia in I th e gale of 27th. The captain and crew were in their boat for eight holm, when the Woodville hove in tight and picked them up. The 8 wedish brig Borth run Packet hove to off the quarantine harbour on the lit, and sent in her boat with the captain ard crew of a Greek vessel, which she fell in with about a hundred miles from Malta in a sinking state. Oa the 2,.d the crew of the English brig Blunderburs. Captain Nicholson, which foundered at sea, was brought in by the Sardinian brig Sempre lo Strew. A suhscripacin hu been opened I. r the muter and crew of the Creole, as they have 104 all their effects in the vessel. An attempt is to be made to raise her. Letters from Messina of the 2nd inst. state that en the night of the 26th and 27 h ult. the wind blew a perfect hur mane tram N.N.E , wnich wrecked some twenty English, Dinish, Antenatal, and Sicilian vessel'. The °melt brig Toralrai, Capt. E. P. Kiviathi, from Trieste, Wild V , llollell, is totally lost, cargo and all. The brig Sen Stefano, Capt P. 1). Lumi, with wheat from Spa, has gone on shore, cargo spoiled, and nothing ezve..ted to be 'Aged but her spar.. The brig Evangelistria, Capt. 0. Geletti, with barley from ' Spezia went on shore near the church of St. Francis diPaolo, with loss of rui ler. She has since been got iati port, after discharging part of her ear go. Tyyg Lt vergi ne fitta, from &lite. with wheat, h as also been a meaged. Oar Board of Health is now a i t ,i ng on t'-e rep eet cholera being in Greece, and will no doubt me, at period of quartntine. • es e h at The night before I , st a dispute arose in oae of th e shops at tM bottom of Strode Fond, bet weeu Kay e of Mule& and the Maltese ruffi w ans ho hew er Need sinks of vice, which led t a fight. Some hundr-d eyt teh ., 1414 a dons soldiers with runes and kni ves ; two etlehertZ dreadfully wound e d, an d carried off to the hospital picket which turned out to quell the Wet. The por e ,: =eel, aided with the Maltese, and went to the statics procured swords, which they used pretty fr, beads and arms of the soldiers. Ween the picket swo ts they were assailed with a showier of stones, end set te e ee ,l. never attempted to arrest a single Mahe.... CleqTri. wounded of the 69th died last night; he wee tatinny e . dozen Owes. The other is not capered to bee. Leg several gangs of rsganiuffins. amongr wen .m G ree k., wer e prowling ab•tut utemolest t: by the looking for soldiers, and wit they toned toe theebetTe to hoot and stone him. Tne main guard tared,' (4 , sent out a picket, which picked up several nu ll , (mew ‘;`,!!‘ had been severely beaten, because he was a bow er. 1 7 t h e m ath s a t the main intent are. ated a tel o n th e eee . s ! arming himself with stones, and lodged I inl in th e I Q hones. The easterly gales still continue, and our pd., g with vessels, either wind bound or seeking II traiefie.."44, ATHENi Dt c. The cholera, after having visited the seerueet ; y es tow tries, and spared Greece, him a: 'earth pedt a nett to northern frontiers. The 11 cm ain Loris% already o n em ee% sixty peg diem. It .:s also app aced in Arta, 6,e,with e he force : the deaths there are "thou , de a day. Tvreaty.h ee died from the Bth to the 13th, of decidedl Askew them e Several casts have occurred at Agrinion Mid sanitary cordon has been placed al , :ng the whole„( m e th: tier lines. Dilly oommunieriona have been estaho between Athens, Larissa, and Vonitst, that touriow s t — ' receive hourly information of the progress title sem p in fact, nothing has been left un ' one Vat add .he does tow_. vent cdiwasunieation with the aurroundine shoes—bet, 8 1 all the quarantine in the word will not keep it out. All departures of vessels from Previa& to Any are dieted. Guards are placed in all the reads t' e r mem. cats with these pieces, and intercept all conintu• raem b y lend. The people of Athens hel much alarmed, Ael are thinking of moving before it reaches here, A matey Ai l cipate it will do. The long talk, d-of promdtiot.a t le e b ete Promulgates at last; they co.esist of 7 velure,. 18 captains, and 20 lieuttnants 2 hay r c iced the em e of commander of the Saviour. II hay.. he, n rem officers, and 147 knights. The bud e ct has not lit been published, but, from all I can hare, th e revenue is estimated at 15,576 000 dr• ec h- re , , eli the expenditure at 14,100,000 drachm,, basing surplus of 1,476,000 drachmas. Tee chetah., toena il . inactive. A report is in circula ion of • rent, of ministry, but Ido not credit it. Otho has g u t very 10 ,4 tools, and he wool 1 be foolish to chanie them, fur others he could not work with. Brigandage still flourishes. In the province ttf Them e hand of fifty plundered two villages, and eilottedoti of the inhabitants. The crew of the French straw. r !ye a here recently voted for the election of Preeident end row 37 votes for Cavaignae, 4 for L. Bonap in and 2 dr ltupal, Nadir, the man who flied at M. Museurus, ete, n c o , demised to the galleys for lite, in chains. Tr, bin,* c i the Queen was celebrated on the 21.4 with all p m.,; big the levee and the dinner were put off in cone gee ecectOthei illness of a alight attack of fiver, which, hcweser, pawed next day. CONSTANTINOPLE, Dec. 28. In politics, we have abscuirely nil. The ohiy thing nues• bu been the wind. We have had s ime severs ge n e apt shall, no doubt, bear of some heavy 1 ases in Lit Bid Sea. All the steartima are behind their t1:111. A letter from Varna m'ntions that "a Ru.smn laud war steamer came there end web away the Carsick. al their families, which I mentioned ins termer letter hal taken refuge at liustenge. fat enterpti.o l en s p ay, Austrian Ll..yd's, has e=tatilished a line of steamers bowels Bourget and area ; this will be m rst advantage tit far the city of Adrianople, which is only 50 miles itna B gore, with a floe road leading to it." A fire broke out at Sal..nica on the 13th, a' orm p re , ins khan at the back of :he house of Mr. Fo•elli, the 13-1• glen consul. Upwards of a thousand chops have been ens. awned. Unfortunately, it blew so hard that al the iffets of the pumps and the unitsd exertions of tle uses& were useless and vain in quenching the flames. Thu trighttal misfortune, coming upon the dreadful lo.ees by the Oakes, will sensibly injure comma tee, ar.d be anothe r ra t NON (0 the i..habitanta of Salonica. The Pasha &hid liter , there. vernor, behaved nobly ; be was foremost in giving insure. tons and assistance during the conflagration, an he is sow foremost in feeding and clothing the hungry and naked. it. amount of Ina has not yet been ascertained. A letter from Smytn o eta ea that " a fire broke out there on the 10th, in a shop in Bit-b.izar, during a very strong wind. At first it was feared there would be art awal csa tlsgration. but, thanks to prompt succour, i• was got under after destroying some twenty small shops. The chie of the brigands, who hay • often robbed the mails, the :tunas Sari Oglon, has been shot, with four of his men, he a party pot after them. The band entrenched thrills , Ives w e hew, but were ultimately obliged to surrender." LA PLATA.—Dates from Buenos Ayres to the 6•h Nov. hare bean received in Livi rpool, but •heee is no thing of importance mentioned in the letu•r.. Mr. Southern was still living than m an unofficial capaciky. Filf ft ddri. WINDSOR, MONDAY. —The Queen held a privy council at half-put 2 o'ciock this afternoon. It all , ended by Prince Alhert, the Marquis of Linolonise, du Earl of Minto, Lord John Russell, S:r George Grey, Btrl Grey, Lord Campbell, the Merquis of C.anne woe, the Right Hon. H. Labour here, the Earl F. rescue, as I the Marquis of Breadalbane. The Riaht His. Sir F. T. Boring, Bart., had the honour of belt g pr. seni , d to her Majesty sad kissed hands on being appointed Fret Lori Commusiooer of the Admirety. The right lion. baronet took his seat at the round . . board. The holding of a court of sessions at Glasgow passed the council. The Hon. W. Bathurst was the clerk of the council in waiting Ilit Majesty gave audierces to the Marquis of Lana:lout and Lord John Russell. Most of the minim and officers of state travelled from town to attend the council by a special train on the Great Wising Railway, leaving the Paddington terminus soon Ow est o'clock, and arriving at the Cast e at two o'clock. A dije;oter was served in the Carle to the noblemen and putt/ors sa.isting at the councils—After the Privy Council Lord J. Russell, the Marquis of Lansdowne, the Earl of Minto, Sir G. Grey, Earl Grey, Sir F. Baring, Lord Caliphs 11, the Marquis of Clanricarde, the Marquis of Breadalbane, and the Hon. W. Bathurst, left the Castle for the Slough statue, and teturned to town by a special trrn. The Earl Fortune and the Right Hon. H. Labouchere also took tbiir departure after the council. _ _ Her Majesty and Prince Albert dined this evening with the Duane of Kent, at her resiclunce, Frosmote House. Her Majesty and his Royal Highnen wee a' tended by the Duchess of N. rb.lk, the Mails of Honour in Waiting, the Eonl of Morley, Colonel the H o n. A. N. 11401:1, 'he lion. C B. Piiipps, Captain the lion. A. °onion, and Major.Oeneral Bowles. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colnnisl office from the Governors of the Gold C 4.t a A the Gambia. THE CHIEF POOR-LAW COMMISSIONER.—At the sitting of the Bait Court, yesterday morning, Mr. Baines, Q C., took the usual oaths, on tie appoirtment to the aim of Chief Commissioner of the Poor Law. MR. CHARLES PEARSON ON PRISON DISCIPLINE. Mr. Charles Pearson delivered a lecture yesterday evening at the Literary Institution, Alderaga e-street, epos the relaik us between punishment and crime, end apps prison discipline and prison reform, preparatory to an opal discussion on the same points on Monday and Tuesday uem. The chair wee taken at seven o'clock by Matthew Daven port Hill, Erg , Q C., who expressed his gratification at the respectable and numerous assemblage, upon a Bebe et which, • short time ago, would have attracted very tittle attention —by no means commensurate with its real importance. This was a subject which required preliminary discussion—it required that the people of this country should have formed an opinion upon it, for if they looked forward to any chants in the administration of the criminal law, they must look forward to those changes being received by an unequivocal majority of the pesple. Mr. C. PBABSON then proceeded to explain the objects which he had in view It was the right of th.. gem vales power of the state to call en all its subjects to aid in enforcing the law, and every member of the community had a nett to require that his person and property should be protected at the least expense by the most effectual means consistent with reason and the divine law. His businese in this lecture was to . prove that, by a sound system of p e nal disciplee, the criminal gaols in this country might be made to maintain themselves, without taking cut of the pockets of the honest portion of the community one single shilling. He referred to the system that formerly prevailed in this country; to the cruelties practised in the time of Henry VIII., during who , ' reign 2,000 victims fell a sacrifice to the savage laws of the age. John Howard had well described the horrors of dungesn baptiser went of that day ; and even as late as 1789, within a fcw yards of the spot on which he was stand ing, a woman had been burnt alive by the laws of the land. At the present day the mass of mankind seemed to shrink with fear and trembling, humid Of grappling with the difficulties with which the gun tion of prison discipline was beset. The object of Howard was, not to improve the condition of the prisoner, kl bettering his physical and moral state, but to ',were sn't praect society against the inroads of those who ha I violated its la vs. This plan, however, was not carried out by the system adopted at the present day. In Amt ries the prisons wets made to pay their own expenses. In Belgium they returned a large profit . He then adverted K Oetai and proceeded in a strain of irony to show that the prisoners w ih ag ere u w p e w re uth um woeills6tre4ted. whilstT he ces e w t ag of e e s sc o n f prisoner then varied from 7s. to 10s. per week. He found iu the scounts an item of receipts for produrtive labour anoreantal to 11. Bs. 6d. When a person was sentenced by the law Iff . .W • land to hard labour, it was a sentence which no one 1 ",.., 11 right to interfere with, but in R. ading, out of 450 sento m 't. there was not One who bad hard labour, except that of wort irg at • pump, which could be worked by two min, and yet ten men were placed upon it Pearson entered at rat 4 1