The Express. — London, England, 1859-05-04 00:00:00

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Fa %NC E has declared the war against Austria winch she has en long openly prepared. When the comminieV.mi 'Lich was made yesterday by Count IA et rtst. h I to the Corps LEgialatif, arid which seta forth the grounds and objects of hostilities on the part of France, has been published in the 211miteur, all the forms which the modern law and practice of European cations require io a declaration of war will hare been complied with, and the whole power of France committed against Austria. Like most marii'eatoes of the kind, this declaration contains some good and true and some bad and false mums for takiog up the sword. There is no difficulty in establishing the legal right of France to moist Piedmont in the present case, for it rests open the same ground as oar right to defend Tarkey against invasion in 18da. Piedmont has been invaded in spits of the protests of all Europe—Weeded after she had accepted conditions which all Europe deemed sufficient to ensure peace. As her ally, Francs had a perfect right to succour her. The French Forearm deeleree, that since Austria has insisted upon dominating, over all Italy, states which are and ought to be as independent as herself he moues the Alps to vindicate end restore that is dependence. "The object of this war is to remora Italy to henicf, not to impose upon bet a change " of masters. and we shall then have upon our fron t' tiere a friendly people, who will owe to us their indepeodenee." li this object should be steadily panned, we shall heartily wish the enterprise suecters. The spirit' of England is not that of the dog in the manger. Having deliberately and repeatedly re nounced our part in the work of restoring and upholding the independence of the various States of Italy. we shall not grudge the honour of it to those who are willing to undertake the trouble and brave the danger. lint we shall watch the progress of the enterprise with a jealous interest foe the mum of freedom. We do not expect the present Government of Francs to plant those free institu tions in Italy which it condemns at Paris. We do not believe in imported liberty, and we are sum that France has none to export. Bat if the French EMPEROR, from whatever motive, will effectively moist the Italians to get their affairs into their own hands, he will have done all that the most san guine expect, all that the case requires. Whatever may be the ruling sentiment among courtier,, the feeling of the people of this country is nernistake. able, and wee faithfully expressed by Lord PAL ERVION last Friday, when he expressed satisfaction in the prospect that Austria would be driven right eat of Italy. MAST of the county elections are over, and the 1 , remainder will be so by the end of the week. Not one in ten will hove been contented. landed pro perty changes hands compiraticely seldom; and where the estates remain the same, the representa tion must need. continue for the most part unaltered, for it is acreage end rental that is represented, not men or mind. Wh►t may ems to pass by and bye, when the ten pound occupiers in counties are en franchised and enatled to vote by ballot, is another question; bat as things EA/ stand, the ceremony designated an election for knights of the shire is in a majority of instances a mere costly and noisy pageant, in which there is not even the merit of temporary Woken, for nobody is suffered fur an instant to forget the unreality of the sham enacted before their eyes. When the pre dominant party colt:tirof the soil is Tory or Whig , as the case may be. the members for the county are selected privately ling before election time, in ac cordance with the prevailing colour, and with re ference to the personal or family interests that happen to be uppermost in the locality; but with the most complete and contemp , nons disregard of the likings or diatkinge, opinions, prejudice*, or feelings it the great body of the constituency. Under these circumstances it is rather a relief to learn that a county is to be spared the mockery and mummery of a contest. The larger number of English and Scotch counties and about one-half of those in Ireland have long been occupied by a Coe 'formative garrison, habituated to strict party disci pline when themselses on duty, and rigorous in en forcing r wake obedient* on their electoral vassals. The very idea of resistance or independence seems to be, forgotten. Ti ornery at will and over-looked voting stifle all rising disposition to mutiny or self reepect on the part of the electors falsely so called; while the enormous expense, deliberately and ad visedly kept up by oligarchic legislatior, repreeses effectually all rising aspirations of independent cantlidatilvee Naturally, nay inevitably, therefore, the returns fur the counties will in the noun prove identical with those of the last Parliament. Reside the West Riding and Smith Lancashire, which must from their peculiar etiaracteristim be classed *part, there are some halt-doyen shires whose Tepee eentation is disputed on the present occ ision, owing to the nicely-bslenced accident of property held therein by individuals of opposite pettier. It is doubtful what the Mins of these controversies may be on this side of the Channel; upon the other we are prepared to hear of two or three county seats being gained by Miniaterialiata; but, on the whole, we believe that the nominees of the landed interest in the new House of Commons will numerically stead pretty much as they were. Tat ad -frail ben Paris Ade t►at during tho peat ttral furcip Weal !saw law hiled. THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 4, -1899.' gbe court. WINDSOR, MAT I. The Qum, noeolepasied by the Princeen Alla end the Dab d lane Coburg, drove out in a mile., end far yeanday eitersocin, sad honoured Masan Van de ' Weyer with a vat at New Lodge, Windsor Forest. la Meindinee were Lay Churchill, the Hon. Eleanor Stanley, Ihe Hen. Haas Btopford, sad Lord Charles Fitzroy. The royal Mann party in the males I:Waded the Deelnesei Pont, Primmer. Alice, lad the Duke of Saxe Coburg, Ha Casten d Monntrbarlee, Lady lows Liebe Melville, 111., Victoria Wortley, Her Goo. Coupe', Baron do Mown, Captaiti de Renter, and Colonel F. Seymour. The band of tin Soots Fusilier Oust* played during dinner. the Majesty's pints bead stterwstels Wed is th• Deswearrosam, sad perfurered taidowfsts planet reslial% •411. V. - rislis llord re. P;keee Caasoet nleresd iiiMarsh st ft. Quo, tiffs morels`. This 0111111 M and Prises Conoxt vollbsi la lb* Home-part *rag. Prla oar Louisa and Prince Leopold took a carriage drive. The Duke of Saxe Coburg took kayo of the Qom* the Prime Consort, and the Royal Family, wed Mt Wtodesr ha the forenoon for the Costineat, weeded by Caked ins& Seymour, C.B. The Dake travelled aid Portman* sad paid a whit to the Primes, of Letting* at Gosport, from Mame proceeded to Dover, when his Royal Bllghime wee net by Baron de Meyers sad le Capttalne de Roater, A.D.C., hie Geotlenten-M-Waluag. Lad Byron and Colonel the Hon. A. Liddell have sac seeded Viscount Strathallan and Lkat.•Oeneral Sir Frederic Snit• se Loed and Groom in Waiung to her Majesty. . Daratchea wall ventrod .t re Calera-aloe yesterday bar the °ovaries of the West leder aad Near Angara Core* end Asa tar Lead High Coastraioner of the lake bird.. Despares lan net to the Ciorrison of Orris sied Y.M. a2Oll LAM lneirre wasrts.) Loma Ciusszauine• °MCI, Mai 2.—Nothro is Wray gilts, that bar Mirjraty will bold drawing-roam at N. James Palma. s Um following dap, at two etiordr.—tiorarday, 7th boast ; Thnroday, llftb WOW (to coraffonne her Miaow's birthday); and Saturday, Julie ant_ LOILDCEIAMBEILIAII6 OTIICZ, MAT 2.—Notice Y gbh etyma. SW bit 31.4.4, will bold lawn et et. James Palen spa tbe lateertag de m at modal** va. :—Welittedry, the nth Irmo; lleedey tate nth of Jr rem FoiziON-orricm, MAT 2. —The appointment of Alfred &prime Wane ; Kai, ae be IterMenity'e Carol at Vermin., whir ter estred ha the Oesetu 4 the 11th of February lan, Is amaned ; sad Ile. Walne nears has sp. primer r her Majamers Coral at Cairo. Wrirrzaux, MAT 2.—Tbe Queen has been pleased to ores 'tete and 'wort the Eight How. Warr Darr, Earl or Manallekl, KS., to be her Ilajearje High Correlearoeu to the Genteel riaserbly et the Church et eloorrad. WHITILIALL, MAT 3.—Th• Quoit boa been trod to gnat the ease et Solocitor-Ciareel fee Patna, Seq., Advocata la take rem at Dna N.2:7 1 Eq., appointed ar Itipeare Advocate ner This afternoon her Majesty, h. Royal Highness the Prises Consort, accompanied by hie Royal Highnios Prioress Alice Msad Mary, their Royal Hightimme tic relearns Helena, Louisa, mod Beaman, Prisms Arthur sad Limpid. hit Wisdom Castle for dirregb, sal travelled by ovoid train co the Great Western Rados, le Padding ton. Prom Peddli poi the royal party proceeded le Reakingbaso Palace in *moral of bar Merely's earrieger, sad .sorted by • delordramot d the lfeb Hamm. Her Mejesty .ea sitimbed by Lolly Charebili, Lady Darrington, Honlerable Risanss &Rolm Ike. Honda elopford, Lad Byron, the Hon. A. UMW, Major-Genstal C. Grey, Leut.-Col•And Poe sseby, Calmest r. thyroonr, Master of the Household, Ix., kV. The Official Journal of Rome of the 27th ult mom t►at as the previous 'tocsin Cardtssi Anionslll had the ►aoar el seesieteg His IkTal Mahan' the Prince of Waite is the zonseuin of t►e Tattoos, which woe illuminated he the eseseies. The yvneg prise, visited every part of the client malts, acooceparted by the cavils., =Wolof., by Ceemender de Pals* the director of the mu eum, sod by Coonsteder Vitotoett, COMall4aooll of antiqui.ies. The ihte of the Ragas nebula'', sad may English of distinction, tamed part of t►e prism's ctort4e. Ms Excellency the Prussian Minister and the COlNltall Baraatof If ham untamed 10 PRINaII 110111 P, from Molting Fromm Counters of WaldegrAve, at Straw brfrry BM. The Duke of Leeds is suffering from indisposition at Oration's Clansioa Hotel. The Marquis and Nlarehioness of Londonderry hare kft town on a ?lair to t►a Doke .n I Duchisa of Marl borourgb, at Bliabska Houma, Ozforletore. Th; ilianchioooas of Eli and her youthful family will have town early neat weak fir Ireland. The Marquia and Marchioness of Kildare are tx prc,e4 is awn 10-vearrow from Irehrad far the sawn. Tim Earl sad Countess of &timid are expected at 'll.O mam.Mo is AObaron-wee. early welt week, from Asks 1411, Yorkshire, foe the 11041411. The Countess or Caledon hen arrived in Grosvenor square, from vidatiug do Dowager Countess of Culelow, at Tttteah•oger, Hone. The Countess Dowager of Glasgow, the Hon. George Feeder:eh end lire. Boyle, and Captain and Miss Catherine liave arrived at their reddest. In Chil lers-place. Itr Ib season. Viscountess Forbes has arrived at her residence in Eaton-square, for the reason, inns Castle Forbes. Lord and Lady Tredegar and family dare arrived at diet, matron as Pcrimaa-arioarr, from Tredegaz Put, Mossou , b Aire. The election of the sixteen representative peers of &weed will tee piece in the Palace of ii..lyrood, at idiabergh, on Tuesday scat. Thies are three vacancies to be Wad ap—those ot the Part of &skid, Lords llyhia atone sad Mackie; and the candidates see the Earls of Marton and Haddtaitaa sad Lord &Cosa. To the election od Woe sable lords ao oppraitkin will be offered. Colonel Bloomfield, R.A., seooad commandant of Wooled& garrison, end aide de-camp to her Majesty, he. naked his speoletwiet, nodes the new rogniations, as isivectx-swaersi of winery, wit'. prreissice to mine se seals-deessop for be peresel attaadancs. His fur her pro. notion ea majorionoral will be (stetted in • few days. Be Richard Decree is named as the probable sae me of General William 44 commendent of Woolwich. It le upend that General Williams will vacate tie poet about the middle of the present south, sad proceed to his new appointment as c eansieder-ia-chief of the district it Csaads sad Nova thesis. Mmes. Melanie* and Co. will shortly pablieh " What is Itivelmiser" by F. D. Youth, H.A. ; "Briti.h Novelises sad then 841 e," by David Rams, 8.A., tr. Among works about to be awed by Mews. !barb, Elder, end Ce., rimy be mentioned —The Idemeire of Percy Syrtis Shelley," elicited by lady Shelley, la one volume; a new e Mims of Brook's "Foal of (testily," with preirce by the Rev. C. Btagaley; "Dr. Charka Meoluire Trowels is America," " Treks kola Sehtekrineeher's Lk" ke. Mer•re.intrit and Blackett annoutte • 1.4.,•• by the author of •• John Hvl Ca, gentlemen;" Wevdleirb," by the author of " Wildflower," • "Neer Seery," by the author of " Maumee and her Bride*. amide," hr. A Life for The anniversary meeting of the Royal Society of Litmature wOl take place at four &ill& as the 144; that of the Asiatic Sookiy at two o'clock p m. ea the 14th; that alibi Eiheological Society at balf•paet eight p.m. en the nth; that of the Pharmaceutical Society at twelve a.m. as the Nut ; that of the Geographinal Society et one cieloolt ore the 23rd; that of the Usages Society at ea. ecioli pm as the 24th; and that of the Philological ficeey at eight licholt pm. on the 26th. Sir Henry Meradyth, Bart.. LL D, Q.C., one of the paid Recisideatical Commatalontre far inland, died on Mienday sight, at ids residence in Rutland po.n , Dublin. Oa Monday seeming Dr. Lankester delivered at the loath Kemehtran Mmemm to a very numerous midi- I ease, the Sr* al air ele lemaree (to be delivered on Matday creningr) on " which, with the permlealon of the Coma ea Ednaitkin, ha hoe ensagol to give et the batted... The eatjact ark, eel kr ths first Itatetw waa " Ilfsew," which eaters se lariat, hate ail ear hod. THE W'A R. The latest news today from the seem of hostilities L a telegram from Vienna, dated yesterday (re ceived by Mr. Renter) informing as of an announce ment by General Gyulai that the Austrian army had advanced without any serious combat as for as Cambio and Coazo. The headquarters were on the evening of Monday at Lomello. The Nord of to-day my. that in well-informed circles it is believed that the Austrians have given up their intention of marching upon Turin, and par poem first to try the fate of a great battle. Some days are necessary to make choice of the positions. The tenth is suggested as the probable day, by which time the Emperor of the French will have arrived at Turin and have taken commend of his army. Before the lapse of fifteen days the French army in Sardinia, the Nord says, will be 100,000 strong. The Prince Napoleon, who is making active prepa rations for his deparatare, will oommand • corps of observation at a place which at present is kept secret. The official Wiener Zeit ung publishes a note of Count Walewskl to the French Ambassador M. de Hammonle, dated April 29, and a note of M. de Banneville to Count Boot, dated 2nd of May, by which diplomatic relations between Preece and Austria are broken off. The Austrian ambassador at Paris, M. de Hubner, has demaaded his pan• porta. _ The Marquis Massimo d'Azeglio has arrived In Paris, and occupies his apartments at the Hobe! Bristol. M. Villamarias, the Piedmonteee ambassador at Paris, will probably accompany the Emperor to the Italian frontier. His Majesty will be at the bead of the army of Italy within eight days. On Sands,' the Emperor Francis Joseph walked on the Prater at Vienna, and was received with acclamation,. On Monday the Grand Duke of Tuscany arrived at Vienne, and alighted at the Imperial Palace of Schcentu The organisation of a free corps has commenced at the Austrian capital. Count de Trautmansdorff, Anetrian Ambassador at the court of Berlin, has gone to Milan. The Vienna Gazette in publishing the news of the pimp of the Ticino, adds: Thee the campaign of Italy has commenced. We publidt this grave Istaltigenos with hearts full of accidence; for we ►now, rodeos every faithful Austrian, that right is on ear side. The addises who hays gone to dght for this right crested the frontiers with shouts of joy, knowing that the MI which oar army sow treads will furnhh rich lantais Ste the imperial tag. Ma the Lard, in whom bends is victory, grant It to the deg ci tbs J caves. We hope it ; bat of one thing we ere certain—fist ban that Sag Mem and glory will sever be separate& The spirit ef es Mae titans deed hovers over the Amstrian eaglee—bovers over the soldiers whom it accompanies to-day beyond the Tit l 2o, as it coos conducted the. to Novels. This every roldier of the army knows, and not one of them wishes to return without a breach of laurel to place on the tomb of Father Redetsky. " The passage of the French troops," aye the Courrier des Alpss, " continues to go on regularly, and the enthusiasm of the people remaim unabated. At every train that arrives an immense crowd sh amble, and greet the soldiers with hearty cheers, who reply by cries of " Vice Victor Emmanuel r "Vice la Savoie !" The trains yesterday contained foot and horse chasseors. sappers of the engineers, gendarmes, and regiments of the line. The whole of General Renault's division, 12,000 strong, has passed over Mount Cenis. The road to Matirienne is covered with troops." Postal communication between Milan and Pied mont wu suppressed on the 30th. A Pans correspondent of the Brussels Incllpete dance writes:—" The young Duc de Chartres who, as has been stated, will take part in the war under the Piedmont's° flag, holds the rank of sub-lien tenant in the regiment of dragoons at Nice, com manded by General Caccia. The participation by a grandson of King Louis Philippe in a contest under taken under such circumstances, msy astonish some people; but there was no motive which could jus tify a French prince, who had become a soldier, in even dreaming of abstention at a moment when the roar of cannon is beard, nor could any politir , l consideration weigh with him agsinst a duty of honour." It was stated a few days back, in telegrams and private letters, that the bridge of Baffalora had been blown up by the Austrians. This bridge formed a viaduct of the railway between Novara and Milan ; and it now appears, by a despatch from Bellinzona in the Suisse of Berne, that it was the Piedmontcse who, on retiring, destroyed the bridge. The Graveßone, named in the French official tele grams announcing the invasion of Piedmonteee terri tory by the Austrian troops, is a canal which runs from the Ticino, winds about three kilometres to the west, and turning east again rejoins the Ticino below the bridge of Pavia. Cussalo, to which point the Austrians had penetrated by Abbiate-Orasso, and which, by a mistake, was confounded with Casale in some of the telegrams, is a little village near Vige vano, in the province of Novae.. The market town of Abbiata-Graseo, memorable as place where the Chevalier Bayard died in 1624, is on Lombard soil, and is situated on the river Naviglo•Orande, about 15 leagues from Pavia. At Florence, M. Mania has been appointed aide- I de-aainp to General Ulloa. It is stated in the Indipeadance Belga that the English minister at Florence was amoogot the mast argent of the diplomatic corps in prevailing upon the Grand Duke to quit the country, rather than to abdicate. His excellency, the same authority states, used all his efforts to prevent the prince from going to Bologna, and even offered to accompany him, if ha would put himself ander the protection at England, or withdraw to Porto-Ferrajo. . . The Cornier delk saps th►t the report is again current that the Pope is likely to retire to Gaeta during the war between France and Austria, and it adds that " a member of the Seared College, acoompanied by two high ecclesiastical dignitaries. has hastily left Roane for Paris." The amette ry Midi also announces the departure of thesis par manages, and says that the object of their minion is to pray the two catholic powers not to carry their conflict into the pontifical territory. The regency established by the Duchess of Parma ea quitting her states did not last twenty-four hour,. A provisional government has been formed, and has put itself into communication with the Piedmontese A decree of the ring of Sammy, dated the 29th nit., convokes the states of his kingdom in 'Unix dinuy section, for the 23rd May, " on amain of the political eituatioo." The People'. Gazette of Berlin decimate that Ger many is not bound to support Aastrisin July, bat that, on the contrary, that wove ought to be left to carry on namplieted the codiet is which she is is gaged. It says:—" Austria has taken a bold step, and she alone must bear all the consequences of it, No doubt Prima may desire to attack Austria, not telly in Italy, bat on German territory. In that case certainly the situation would be different 1 and to be prepared for it, the Confederation and Prussia - - ought to place their armies on a war footing. But for the present to rush into war for the honour and dignity of Austria, because she cannot live quietly with Sardinia, is a come which only writers paid by Austria or exaggerated prudence can demand." FRANKFORT-ON-TIM-MAINZ, M•r 3. An extraordinary sitting of the Federal Diet was held yesterday, at which the Austrian ambamador explened the reasons which had induced the Emperor to order the advance of his troops into Sardinia. The Aufrian ambassador's communication was then submitted by the Diet to the committee for the management of military affairs. THE NEW FRENCH LOAN. The Monitor' of thin morning contains, we learn from Mr. Reuter, the following decrees : " 1. The engagement of volunteers for two year*" service is now to be accepted. " 2. The second decree authorises the supply of substitutes for military service by administrative means, with a premium of 2,000 fr. for seven years. " 3. The loan orgies hundred millions of francs is to be contracted by national subscription. It will be a Three per Cent, loan at 60fr. 60c., with interest from December Let, or a Four-and-a-Half per Cent. loan imued at 90fr., with interest payable from March last The instalments are to be paid as fol lows :—One-tenth at the time of subscribing, and the remainder in eighteen monthly calls. The mi nimum subscription to be taken is ten banes, which eabeeription alone will be allotted in full. "The Minister of Finance states in his report accompanying this decree that the condition of the public treasury is most favourable, and that the resources at his disposal would allow him, without encroaching upon funds necessary for usual current services, to devote more than 300 million franca to war expenses." The following projects of law have been presented to the Corps Lighted', namely:—For opening for the Minister of War a credit of 90 millions, for the levy of the military elms of 1839, which is not, how ever, in any we to be Galled in before January, 1880. The Corps Legitlatif will be prorogued on the 21st of May. The Bank of France has rai►ed its discount to 4 per cent. The government made yesterday to the Corps Legislatif has been posted up on the walls of Paris, and groups of the populace are eve y where assembled reading it. RUSSIA. THE TREATY STORY. A despatch from St Petersburg, dated yesterday, received by Mr. Renter, states that the following note has been published in the official newspapers: " We are authorised to declare in the moat posi tive manner that there exists no treaty of alliance offensinand defensive between Russia and any other power whatsoever. At a moment when all Europe is making maritime or military armaments on a large scale, the Emperor was obliged to provide by measures of political prudence for any emergencies. His Majesty retains in the present conjuncture 1 1 entire liberty of action, and we hardly need add that he is animated only by the sentiment of the dignity of his crown, and the interests of the country." EXPRESS FROM PARIS. MOM OVZ ORS COZILZIPONDRIIIT.) DECLARATION OF WAR.—PROCLAMATION OF NAPOLEON 111. Pl3lB, l'eseDAT panto. At the sitting of the Legislative Assembly to day, Count Walewski, Minister of Foreign Affairs, having been introduced with the usual ceremonial, informed the representatives that he had been ordered by the Emperm to inform them that the French diplomatic agent at Vienna was directed on the 26th ult. to notify to the Austrian cabinet that the entrance of the Austrian troops into the Pied montese territory would be considered by France u equivalent to a declaration of war ; that the Atm trim ferries having on the 29th entered Piedmont, Austria was at present in a state of war with France. A similar statement was made by the Minister of State in the Senate. A supplement to the Moniteur, published at 4 o'clock this afternoon, oontalos the following: "PROCLAMATION. "THE EMPEROR TO THE FRENCH PEOPLE. " FRENCHMEN, " Austria, by ordering the entry of her army into the territories of the King of Sardinia, our ally, has declared war against us. She thus violates treaties and justice, and menaces our frontiers. All the great powers have protested against this act of aggression. Piedmont having accepted the con ditions which ought to have ensured peace, every one este what can be the reason of this sudden invasion ? It is because Austria has driven matters to such an extremity that her dominion must either extend to the Alpe, or Italy must be free to the shores of the Adriatic, for every corner of Italy which remains independent endangers the power of Austria. " Hitherto moderation has been the rule of my conduct, but now energy becomes my first duty. France must now to arms, and resolutely tell Europe : ' I wish not for conquest, but I am determined firmly to maintain my national and traditional policy. I observe treaties on condition that they are not violated against me. I respect the territories end the rights of neutral powers, but I boldly avow my sympathies with a people whose history is mingled with our own, and who now groan under foreign oppression.' " France has shown her hatred of anarchy. Her will was to give me power sufficiently strong to reduce into subjection abettors of disorder and the incorrigible members of old factions, who are inces sandy seen concluding compacts with our enemies; but she has not fur that purpose abandoned her civilising mission. Her natural allies have always been those who desire the amelioration of the human race, and when she draws the sword it is not to govern, but to free. The object then of this war is to restore Italy to herself, not to impose upon her a obsuge of masters; end we shall then have upon our frontiers a friendly peo ple, who will owe to us their independence. We do not enter Italy to foment disorder, or to disturb the power of the Holy Father, whom we replaced upon his throne, but to remove from him this foreign pressure, which burdens the whole Peninsula, and to help to establish in Italy order based upon satisfaction of legitimate inte rests. In fine, then, we enter this classic ground, rendered illustrious by so many victories, to follow in the steps of our fathers. God grant that we may be worthy of them. lam about to place myself at the head of the army. I kayo in France the Empress and my eon. Seconded by the experience and the enlighten ment of the Emperor's last surviving brother, she will understand how to show herself worthy of the grandeur of her mission. I confide them to the valour of the army which re mains in France to keep watch upon our frontiers and to protect our homes. I confide them to the patriotism of the National Guard. I confide them, in a word, to the entire people, who will encircle them with that affection and devotedness of which I daily receive so many proof,. Courage, then, and union ! Oar country is again about to show the world that she has not degenerated. Providence will blots our efforts; for that cause is holy in the eyes of God which rests on justice, humanity, love of country, and independence." The Pays glue a positive contradiction to the news telegraphed to London of collisions in Pied mont between the Austrian and Sardinian armies. A despatch from Turin, dated at 10 o'clock this morning, affirms that no engagement had taken place up to that time. There have, however, been rumours of engagements all day, but they are very probably unfounded, although, as we know by ex perience, it will not be safe to receive official state ments too implicitly. The Austrian ambassador, M. de Hubner, who hu delayed his departure till the last possible moment, must of course go now that war is formally declared. He will probably leave to-night or to morrow morning. _ _ _ In the Pays M. Granier de Cassagnac draws a parallel between the position of Austria with regard to Russia in 1853 and that of England with regard to Austria in 1859. As the indecision of Austria was the real cause of the war with Russia, so he con tends the indecision of England his been the cause of the present war with Austria. He upbraids the tory ministry not with bad intentions, but with 'weakness for not having backed up its opinion of Austria's misgovernment in Italy, by threatening to join France in the war, and expresses a hope that Lord Palmerston, if recalled to power, will make up for Lord Derby's deficiencies, and bring about peace by threatening Austria with war. Unless be as' pires to this proud and noble result to draw closer the alliance between France and England, and to " pacify Europe with a word," M. Granier de Cu 'apse eannot understand any motive for Lord Pal merston's ambition of power. "As to France, so long is Italy is saved, she will always be equally ready for peace or war." The Italian general, Lents Montefeltro, who till lately thought himself authorised to raise en Italian legion in Paris, has just been informed by the Pre fect of Police that the French government has every possible sympathy for him and his cause, bat that he must go to Turin to raise his legion. The Pre fect of Police has, however, put down his name for 500 fr. to the subscriptions for equipping Italian volunteers, and the Emperor has given I,ooofr. The Italians in Paris begin to be uneasy at the small account made of the Piedmonteee now that the French army is in possession of Piedmont. M. Granier de Cessiguat's articles are considered very ominous. . The panto goes on at the Boone. The Emperor', reclamation was placarded before the end of bad- new, but it produced no effect upon the drooping spirits of speculators. The Rente fell 70c. for cash, and 360. for account, closing at 60fr. 60c. and 606. 66e. Mobilier fell 12fr. 60c. The Orleans Railway fell 226.60 x; Northern, 12fr. 60c.; Lyons, 106. ; Southern, 6fr. ; Eutsrn, 15fr. ; and West , ern, lfr. 26c. _ . . The Freese aye, in ita weekly commercial re view : Rare= generally continues In the same stagnant state u before, anything like animation being solely °panel to those manufactories which are engaged in articles connected with wars tee equipments. Some foreign dealers have during the pan west visited different homes in the hope of belag able, in consequence of the doll etas of affairs, to make pur chases on advantageous teams. In that, however, they have been diseppointed ; for stocks being only medseeetely large, the holders have refined to make any eamidoe until they see a probability of a thane la the price of raw material,. Last week, being Ruler week, which is generally a period when little Madams Is done, has also tended to Isamu the geeeral heaviness. Little or nothing has been done at Resin, either in printed goods or cotton twin, and the saw may be said of Roubaix and Mulhausen. At Lyons some trifling orders hare been received from the Milted Stoles, bat ethers which had been lately_glven der Italy and Germany have been countermanded. The raw sugar trade in Feria still continues in an inanimate state, bat without say aleteela change in prices. In refined sugar business is waned to actual wants. There ie very little doing in coffee, sad Floss remain without variation. The MN remark may be sods et the motel trade. ITALY. SARDINIA. 010111 ova OWN COAL= TURIN !, APRIL 90. I have seen the French enter Turin early this morning. The drums of the national guard roused the whole town at six. But the Turin people are early risers, and needed no reveille. Before I reached the Victor Emmanuel Railway-station a crowd had assembled there. By seven o'clock the roads in every direction, the walls and bulwarks of Emmanuel Phitiberfe half dismantled citadel, were lined with dense masses. I heard old inhabitants say they had never witnessed such a gathering of men in their town. The national guard, from 8,000 to 8,000 strong—the finest and most martial-looking of all burgher militia in the world—were at their place. Old General Oonoaz, at the head of a brilliant staff, amongst whom I recognised Da Bormida, a late minister of war, was on the spot about 7, and they had to sit on their saddles till nine o'clock, when the first detachment of French troops, the Chsaseurs de Vincennes, brought in by two or three encomeive trains, issue d: from the station, first at ape* de charge, then at a run. I spare you the shouting, drumming, trumpeting, and clapping of hands, the flowers thrown by fair hands at the brisk looking soldiers ea they passed under the balconies in the streets. It was a population drank with joy ; but lees noisy, and wild, and stormy than that of any other Italian town would have been under similar circumstances. The Piedmontese are quiet, nay, alm cia grave, even in their carnival frOlica: No emotion can Mir t h e good Twines' out of their proprieties. The French themselves were no novelty to me, though I do not remember ever seeing them before thus equipped for actual campaign. The Chian= are young, small, hungry-looking men, laden with knapsack, cslxote, soup bowls, tent poles, botterie de euinne, provisions, and other nameless and number less things, quite a disproportionate burden, to all appearance, to such diminutive shoulders. Their gait, however, is easy and lively, and they seem to delight in making light of their load. The costume is perfection as to usefulness and convenience ; and it ts not unpicturesque. These men are soldiers and nothing else—the man has been rooted out of them as the woman out of the Amazon of old, to leave nothing but the fighting machine. There are no better light troops in the world—there can be no better. Only the Piedmontese Bersaglieri are worthy, or indeed able, to march by their side. Altogether it was an impressive, and, to the eyes of most of the bystanders, a gay and happy scene. The Novara Railway-station commands a view of the Alpine ehainon one side, and of the Turin hills on the other. The great mountains were clear at an early hour, and their snowy crests shone in all their brightness. The Collins, with the temple of Sapsega on its culminating point, wu bathed in thin summer haze. The air was warm, still, and somewhat heavy. It was not quite a cheerful morning, though every heart was merry round me. (There have been April showers later in the day.) I looked round that immense mass of staring, gazing, grinning, bawling faces, and wondered was there one serious mind in the midst of so many that took in and weighed well the full meaning and import of the scene he beheld ? Yon stern citadel was the work of Emmanuel Philibert, the iron head, and the con queror of St. Quentin, the first Prince of Savoy who in the sixteenth century fixed the residence of the House of Savoy at Tann, and gave its policy a de cided Italian tendency. In yonder citadel the French had once—in the seventeenth century—a home; they were there besieged by the Spaniards, masters of the town, who in their turn were be sieged by a French army in possession of the country. Round yonder citadel, and round the whole town, at the beginning of the eighteenth century, the French were routed by the Austrians under Prince Eugene, and left 15,000 men strewn dead on the plain. From yonder citadel, at the end of the same century, the French republicans insulted the Piedmontese, and worried almost to death the ill-fated Charles Emmanuel IV., holding him as a prisoner in his palace during two long years of a treacherous mock alliance. For full three hundred years this notable shuttlecock of Piedmont, tossed to and fro by the invaders of Italy, was induced or forced into French alliances, which almost invari ably turned to its detriment. The past is sad, omi nously sad, to look back upon ; but there is every reason to believe that the circumstances, both of Piedmont and Savoy, of Italy and France, are changed for the better, and it is my full conviction that the Italians have it in their power to render this last French occupation of their country as disin terested and truly brotherly as Napoleon has de clared it to be. THE Lou OF THE POMONA,—A correspondent of the Fteriarsee /stoma says : The adds preassgers of the Pomona onsrsted of Ifrs, Paxtes, a tidied officer's widow. and her &Bare°, Thomas, aged 12, Harriet, 10, and Lizee, 8. Of the 393 Mews'° pareengere there were only 38 English and Seotch, and the reetamd-r, 348 route, went Irish, sad Way farmers, labowert, end their &untie'. One Irish Isb Auer, named Alfred Yeluvor, returned bone ater =- Shis p saw, and aucthir, a mechanic, named Pat , was net ready. It may relieve the minds of the of the following, who had engaged peaseges is the Poulos*, to know th it they were transferred to the Belle Weed :—Terera 0' Neill, Michael Scutt, Catherine Looney, Catherine Nelson, George Heys, Catherine Pitzgerskl, Thome Lassen, Margaret Cue', Catherine Norman, Bridget Divine, and Robert Mathes. They am all three of Ireland. The government emigre ^ W tbn 011011? who cleared the ship at alb ... port, Lieutenant W. C. Saunders, bas left Liverpool Cr the wens of the awful Muster. The followieg la • list of the Roglish peenagers: —Chutes Parkinson, John Weboter, John Chairman, \Var. Randall. Jame Randall, George Radford, George Pale thorpe, Thorns. Chunky, James Fewkee and wife. John Miller, Mary Miller, Jobe Priudey, Gomm Armitage and wife, Frederic!: Sondem William Akre) d, John Edmondson; David, Elimbetb, 'William, Jo eph, Mary Ann, and Charles Doubleday; John Seddon; Mary, William, Ant, bfary Jane Elnobeth, and Sarah Anne ; Henry Smith, Betty Gibs, Emma and Raney Shaw. Scotch parrengers: John 11 , Collum and wife, Robert Lyle, Thomas Wilsoo, William Taylor, Marmot: Scott, John Graham, Jamas Keene, and Adam M'Cifrey. None of the Rooth& or Scotch person gees have been saved. OLD DOTtit.—When Mr. Lorry had finished his breakfast, he went out for a anon cm the beach. The little sorrow, crooked town of Dower bid itself away from the teach, and ran its head in.o es chalk cliffs, hie a wires °serf h. The belch was a d'art tt heaps of ass and elms trembling wildly b out, sod the sea did what it liked. end whet it liked sae destruct ea. It thundered at the tuna and thundered at the ciao, and brought the most down, malty. The air macaw the bon 0. was of so Stagg • fluttery flavour that ote might have supposed sick Soh went te be dipped in it, ea rick people went down to be dipped up in the res. A little fishing was done in the port, and et quantity of strolling stoat by night, and lookiog seaward; moticalarly at those times when tee tile made, and was near flood. Small troiesmen, who did no baoiocse whatever, nometioseetteaeommtthly re abed l•rte fort tures ; end it was reaarlieis that nobody in the neighbourhood could canto limpidekter.—Dickons' All U. IMP Round." THE UNITED STATES. LIVERPOOL, TVERDAY. The steam-ship City of Baltimore has arrived at Queenstown, bringing 384,000 dollars specie, and 232 passengers. . . The Baltimore's news is to April 23 ; Cincinnati, April 22. . . A despatch from Nemphis to the Commercial says that two coal barges, containing 72,000 bushels, belonging to J. L., at Louisville, were lost near Lake Providence on Saturday, and their crews, consisting of 30 men, perished. The Jura, screw steamer, from Liverpool April 9, passed the Island light at 8 o'clock on the morning of April 22, bound for Portland. The Sickles trial, at Washington, on April 22, was still proceeding. It was currently reported that the jury bad made up their minds a week before. The case was expected to close on the following day. The British steam frigate Curlicue left Annapolis on Tuesday, the 19th, having on board Lord Napier, Lady Napier, and suite. Lady Napier was conveyed to the ship, which was lying about lone miles out in the stream, in a yacht from the United States Navy Academy, esoorted by Capt. Blake, the superinten dent, and Capt. Craven, the commandant of the Academy, together with other naval officers, and a party of ladies. _ _ The inclemency of the weather, combined with the absence of the Arabia's letters, and with the fact that the day was kept as a holiday by some merchants, tended to check transactions in cotton, which were confined to small lots that afforded no criterion of the state of the market. Flour was heavy, but closed easier. Rates for common grades, State and Western brands, and the higher and choice grades were unchanged. Southern brands were without alteration. Sales were moderate. Wheat sales light. Good Western red sold at 145 c., and Chicago spring, 82e. to 85e. Caul heavy and lower, with sellers of Jersey and Southern yellow at 85e. to 80c., and Western mixed at 8 dole. 85c. Freights : Engagements were light and rates un changed. Cotton easier, but not quotably lower. Sale on Tuesday, 2,000 bales. April 21.—Cotton quiet. Sales u before. Middling, 121 to 121. April 22 Flour unchanged. Wheat firm. Ited, [ 140 c. to 150 c. Corn steady. New York, April 23.—Money wee without change, leans offered to brokers at 4 per cent. Exchange steady. We quote sterling bankers' bills at 110, and franks at 510 c. to 512 a. The steamer from San I Francisco, we learn from New °thane, brought ores 2,000,000 in gold. Over 1,500,000 dollars will come here. About 1,000,000 will be shipped to Europe to-morrow. Flour again dull. Sales moderate. THE PENINSULAR MAIL. (MON OCR OW. C01111,071DIDIT.) SOUTHAMPTON, TOISDAT. The Sultan has arrived with the Peninsular mail. She left Lisbon on the 27th ult. Grain was falling in price. in Portugal. The postal cauvention with England has pawed the Chamber of Deputies. The brig Flirt, of Newcastle, foundered in the Bay of B•icay. It is reported that the botch government have applied to As Cliembere for a credit of 6,000,000 guilders (600,0001) f r dedtitatot purposes. r I