The Express. — London, England, 1849-11-13 00:00:00

—Doge D, T ,p Lyme, se Gotbile.lalXlMlCAllmilri=EN. e 1 g im e, Bert. W a sinesontss. —' ‘Daserliteiltm ; ya m Beerigato Leadtmd CMSMod% et Asoler ball, Bme. ; i g iu k phigip, Smilkentisid, Rog. Wil.rment—Ovehms Moore Miehe Homowle of Moab. " 84 .,,, e , Beg. • John Heim. of " ; Hwy OvotoM Gibbs of Wommortnanum.--elmill="4 of womb fr y. ; Joke Rowell °Mks; Of W Seg.; gir Themw Irma Winakekrbes, of etwarport losimum.—file Jobs Henry Lowther, of Sw # L ie dedi ; Habewk, qt Newby Wintry I Aairew MeMegno, st Mil i m aL paiegaw. avoisesa.—Wased Grath. Bodoswyr PA / g*s o t e, Wm. Owen Staaky, of Pewrbos; Thesis Clems. of yeeley Olen of Mar L ag. iii en s =away Pell, of Foyenaw i ft p ol e Watkins Lloyd. of Oballieh, otherwiso of g,q ; Sir Marks Maynard Robinson Morgan, et Thank let Cossairosenian. William Homy Foley, of Bpi. laG • limo Walker, of Hendregadredd, Req. ; Owen Jamie itoomey of Gorywirm Req. C A MILUMILZINIZISZ..- 411111 • 1111 Deep Harries Campbell Dolt M Iletwaddeasr Hog. ; Timothy Powell, of Pears* g e t. • Relsoad Pinnies, of Travesty pct. Cj ID IOA,SIIII9X—TIOIIII6 Doris Limy', of Bresnorylik Mlar=maeor Davies. of Highspeed, Frq., Cheeks ad Tylerelo, q. Ihummaninn.—Jois Sumo, of Minerva Hall Wm* ; Thaw Hugh* edam& Mall, Danbigie i r . F is ado James Mambos, vt Arm Mom, Wreaks's, nuersnizn.—Wilms smi um es e a g. l Xmoilmata Palk. Hap ; Arthur Trevor Tionownt Reywkinale ; Ha pelph William Basil Tistount of Dolman*. 01.1111010.11311111 1111 6 of Mosnoil ; OM Gawp Tyler, of Omerol, Yet; Goose isbsrvW, of Rwenny Abbeg. seer Bridgeod, llowrootansoniam—JMn Davis. Oarrie, of Esq.; Charles Jones, of Garthwell, Req. ; Jolts= gowns, of Magog*. Bog. 1112103111T11111111111—J0e111 Bird, anis Tw Deka, leg. g lidpard anew, ol Gwastaiforys, ; Risbard me, of Abortaiamol, Hag. Pitatoissainn. Jews Mask Child, of Basally, lioq._; Rwhasta, of Tonby,q. ; John Bosom% Powell, of Hook, Esq. RADNOIMIIIIII.—Jets Williams. of Bkress Hoar. Rot.; Weedlows, of Curlews= Mail. Req. ; litlward Morgan litageons, et Liamana, Req. XIETY FOR PROMOTING THE AMEN] ]LENT OF THE LAW. Apnal media' d the sisben et this society taskyesteriky ..sumo at their mews Re gent- west ; Mr. . arum le the Web. hr. JAS. lITIWART brought bane the peeks( the subjest et the stablisiessat of • law school. There wee at relent, le elan* no departateat whatnot/ it the WOW try to ash what the law really was; sad la this upload was an .remarks, smogs an shahs* jC Atm some femme remarks, he maned that the ss ionsatte r, wash ha reed, should be refined W • "TM tome* law by mesas of oral tadreetioa Mem Is lave Mee almost ete miens% with is bag taught at id is a sneers. Lassies or psimenships of law has Min 'AWNS.' la most civileasi vicatries, sad it would be all silt to show why, sat one el the maw of Meanies begg keetriedr, lesseeledp, should not be metal. Tam moms ether Moneys may be mire umiak, sight sad mere seism! by seat nears is gifts nee ; bat that law should be the ex optima mimes fa this saner a sisal body of ommiersee It meat be allowed, however, that et Iseyears titrater has been shows is, this ISOM d Sensitive is some departimato of the rehabs It seams dilliett to so 'oasis the praise muses of this. Os the ens Mad, it is said th a t prehiesos essessibis Wal students are not appointed ; os the ohs, the etwesets will met attend the lectures of those who have already boos appoisted ; at there is perhaps truth la b o th complaints. It imams hewers be aispired tut, anus esutsia eisimistaaise sad is some de. mitsento of the taw Mebane have hese easesefally do. haesid both at the Usivoishis sad fa Imam; and the bias of emit have wry ream* revived, without say great &mead for it from the switats, a souse of Inters whisk were aulesivaly cashes& Ile the stalest" el the fans. Mess would seem, however, am le have Ms govierany ouceese fel Indeed, so little Naps* of swims Ms appeared, as a fades the Boelety et liiiisoln's.iaa (the than in member, U not in rank sad importmes) to disesteem ' after a very abort trial, the Mears which that society had l o ; sad it IS poseikle that its example may be followed ley all et some of the other . societioo. It maid wear sesseerhat iliffaalt„ without further experi ment of leseare, to seessein the true position of the ques tion. There Iso wish to stalk say blase t• the Seekers dike lass et mart. They have listed, It amnia be doubted, as they have Monett been for the Mamas 'striated to Weis They may have Sea moos In lasi tatlig newel sad the daisy of Lineolalreua say here born right ia contimiag them, bat at press some anostalnly recta ou the question. All that it ha asessary to say for the present pupas is, that fa hot there is as iestitatiee in leoadou for the Impose re deliverine biases ea all the breeches of the V It was prevent by Se ism el mart to SWAM Ire hems Pear GeV have sea appelated, of wheat one at lest la te esese te give Sitars Mier their smon. It pews open then to say eao, sad more osposially to say nit misty. to provide tor the tonging of the nie manner to all who are willing to be taught. 1 have, thereto», respestfully to mho* to the council that this would be an appospriato and MISS duty for this society to mistake. It Ms - boon airway sewed Wis spans that there can be so Stow method SI reeeadtie the law, teas Arr. to emertain balky rad eiseit, hew the law steads which is proposed to be weds& Moe hese tames cm be taken for the porpoise Ikea kft te lasetigat• the law, mad Wm to &else publialy whet Use law la, bakes those eon must to listen to it, of mum the miniesimeibent the better. Aad it is believed that sa Wei smile mai be Sand of ob laies a used sad arse ate Idea of the law thaa by ke toses foiled by oispeated amminations, the lectern and the dam workiees eseediur. It has, moreover, tins one of the ibises of this owskay to diffuse cornet information on the Sate of the law • sad whether the lectures prormed mos esidiaed to me re aid declarations of it, or were Ster num mode the foundadia el weitton or printed publica ns's the object of diTt a spl infwmatisa would be pre mised. I invite the this to we Ms alarm mad authority , to found a law he as purpose doodling the law authority all its Spartan." I Se edlid tie moons to arm ens in the atetrepolis, sad SW loge towns, of acquiring a knowledge of shoes relos whisk govern las property aad his liberty hie owe *Ws sad the rights of shies. I But whoa masks the teem *kw wheel," lamb of stating what I intend by is. I paws, s, wheel Staid be 'enmity el a pleMill Wed, that t a t tisle Soak' eat be Goalies %oo awe leseries whim! farther iota. samioation with the ohm, bat shoal arks of et= width the n o w t objesedistai be %We* pardealar of ha law, by Ong she se sec promibod eatie, bat by seek anew es eessial b essins = m _trieuterthe botany— by seal at mina womisithis—by hes essmoslim bases. Oa Mass sad his ekas. All that wield be meshed et the Sams ea la m tats child be his aibmittin to sophism el lb* 'misty should be asemary fo r s ddh mei hidd a pryer dome et rilenaty. If this Idea of a Ise ashen M emortiesd by the mancil, I tread that propos that a imisitese amid be appointed, anating of minabeis of the wend frt Mims es might be taught bast, who should moulder the swabs et him= to b a ezeiated, the mode et oppeistemeti, wad elMemalines of asenese le be kr. I WOW elm% however. that altar soms. with ray pram 11111 a.. potent tei form as *mks ea the tabldilh I bed that to give the pis a fen shame of seems, bo ;r7.l m J (" * .n t ):;!«? to b. sg'tlioitstr a tA el= who wove tames ma r worthy of them ; cad sheeli glee suck ether distillates*, by, glviag Wiliam to the items of asentieiime streak, as Wilt be Sought adoloable by the mail I would also mime that Ds taus to of the law shoot poems' Is M Imbed tallish of mart. " JAMS binttaal. "![arch 30, IWO." The media w tia learced ha The CZ sold_ lbe posher el eon/ la laa seteera, be wart elate seas inpuisoce ie Wit GSM are Mr bre easeghba7 p al o idlo% INNS eal roe „ lank The avenge ree &ea abbr. akig the yam ; when the sailato same te the sedallea sliwrienis shield not be emegahary, ads aria Air ma gawk sad he altered the swim el isitenn isle am 4 mom Mahar teaching. The devedini et the Mira ale nest alwariasy, lei the masa hid boa airway eraieer soh,Tea use swan Ike maken bri ket bees so rat tared that the arra eadi set ban ba t fled fa imaketing a wreasiesdhip. be ma that the gotta had bees . the ll eareil Is he t he these she Ina rear harm mai aseesksarae, ar who bed Arai se ran ball se they aeuY haw pima hes fie yeas of the fiellarty seam of Wady. lame Ohm Wins whisk stied ea the paper woe c ad, sad terpiessawe doted with a vote W • • DEATH nox Senor-mom IN • COLLIIINTe—AN inquest wsi held w Ilte Ist last., at the flapper Imes, Cwassem, before AM. Catkbertem, sa - les body of MINA Tlamse, sills'. It award by the evident of waft( miler, *Juba Lowk diet be was wobble ea the provisos en eados MI diet seenpla by the a demand Tbe bait imattlims bleu aware tbae %Me was n assamidallea of foal* Is Se lop ef the MIL He had hued blea talk sibMS gollig hie tools from the "top hole" ef the sten. Is a slag time after whams had hot sees the deemed alive the little bey at the latter, who was with Ks hawk the Glatt, pm an ales m. Oa minim the de oesvd's eta, the Masa Mad the saketaaate ma in the top hole" of the oaktaYa immallie. He had evidently been suffocated by disarms sosesdadeta ef heal W. TM jury Mind that the &masa imam to Mama by st i es atioa. while puha, his ttah tam " top hole "el tile Maim he being at the time aware ad M wos is a kid gift .W.AT .FARKBO!-1 THE LEM Or!: IRK .41 i;~~~ shil Thee it so Mach truth and good mask la a letter, addressed not long ago by a mostme efl the . ration of coo of our great railways to the *demi annailesioners, that has accideatally wane into air hands, as iodates us to print it : As 1 ealemesad you are ea the rabiest of railway faros, I I nature to nil es year reset sellea ornate fasts sad views I rewerded ta 1848 ea this subject. Geasrally speaking, I AMU be narked ae an advocate of low fares ; bat It is ob views that the peed's'', male of fans meet be deteresined by keel einamsteattes. Of this, however, lam deer, that the fielded* far low fares has. in many mese, prevented lower fares from being tried. It is certainly the eue in regard to the teak of this Mae. We have this sea* only gristly reamed oar fins ; bat we should probably have weir idol semathigli fares hard we not, like other railway proprielne • bus denied sad exasperated at the way in which peek. mnit had knell we to what were, at the time, eensideeell onagetinly law farm. Ia short, I ;eel's,. • Jadeite* Webb highimbeg ea miess ; and, sow that railways are subject to I rubles on Malang to 10 per cent., surely ap to that Wait l fie laws of trade andel be allowed to week freely, sad all Whereat minimum rate clauses should be expunged. The wee view will be found illustrated more is detail by Mr. Wyndham Harding, in a paper "on the of the railway system is Great Britain," rer hrehl t ie read in the Statistical Section of the Bri tish Association at Swansea, in 1848. The paper was published in the number of the journal of the Statile total Society of London which sneered in the No- Timber of that year. Mr. which__ 'aperient* in the railway emmagement has been so great.. the essadnees of his joig sent is so universally sekkowa 1 , Magid, end Ms remarks are in themselves sow eillt 1 =that we cannot do better than lay brim , war that portion of them which Mass to railway hew, and attempts to ex their maximum by statute e.' lis eseaspe if the °Lagar end Greenock Hallway, jerkin the third rises system ins beets mon derelopertban set nay lino la die scantly (sad where, wider very pendia eireametanies, we aeries puesegers tor id. • mile), I had an a samaa's the real agnates' and wh7= 7 travellieg is to the wimatag - &we. . o oast beats of the welds( et that Ilea sthefid • resserkaltie lestanes of the eines of low fares, I ban tho ugh t that It sieftt net he indateresting to reseed them. Th e Rine Clyde rune beside the Memoir, P skim. mil ifessl io Se say, whit* is 33 miles long. The memiele... ls: pg afforded an ea sel/sae soda of tramp* *teem end Greenock, the fires by beat belles tie bring from le. to 21., ad the dm* esetyded . 2ol2 B ; adi ese Mare. Gimpy with a poptslatisa of 27 boo at on sad of th e lice ; Greenock, with a pspakeisa it 36,000, at the other end of the line. Valises *man watering pines oho lay at the tenth of the Clyde below Greauteli. Oa the line were Paisley (pepalatioa 60,000) and Port Glasgow (population 7,000). &Men Glasgow and Paisley wee a nisi, on whisk then wen peasseger boats, drawn by hones at • speed of six miles per hour. These facilities gave ties to a pest traffic before the railway wee *paned, the yearly number traveling sing the sours of the railway being 1,185,340. sad the average fare le. 4d. lietwithetandiag this (in 1841), after the railway was eased, the auntie,* travelling by all means of ouveyance were kraal to rioted 2.000,000, or no have increased 100 per west, the average fare in the meantime having fallen to lad. This was the gross result, but the fares of the railway (edgleally 2s. Id. ant elms, and Is. 6d. wooed days, for 23 miles) were varied from time to time, and as I closely 'Waned tia effects of these variations, having ceased ea tea ' seem to be token of the pasha travelling by steameleset nil alaal, se well as by railway, it may be well to state the onshe. Pint Alteration.—la 1842, smeared epos led does ear. des's, at • fan of 6d. for the SI nibs (or about S. per I sae) were imagined ea the !away bayou' Glasgow sad Greenock, whereupon the anneal umber of railway per singers between those pima increasal 224,000, being ale crosse of 32 per ant. of the total weber travelling between these pines either by railway se aresina.bash The number of let sad fed clam fell of at there demo 39 per mat., the psenengen having t rans feend themosives from the highs? sian serriages tato the epee led elms carding, teaselled by the differeaes of tares bottom four fifths of a penny per mile sad id. per mile. The pom receipts, how. OW insreased dinaltannuily 15 per cent., the working ex penis ea the other band, did not appreciably increase, =the 'Mirage number of pusengers per train in freas 72 to 117. (in s Alteratioa.—The 3ed class terse were sabesquatly (in 1843) raped from M. tole. with the hope of i the revenue. The whole number travelling (by railway stemma boat) immediately fell off 18 per cent. The let end tad slue railway puseugers incensed by 10 per cent, but the pose receipts tell off more than 10 per ono. The effect wee also tried of making the led ease carriages more com fortable by covering them in. This was found sot to in- Wandthe number treeellii.g, but it did reduce the theber of Red class pemengen by 16 per vest., andretre mead immiderable loss to the company. The lame expert. nen" was repeated on the Ind clamearriagee; they IMO made awe comfortable by Lewis' glen wisdoms instead of wesisa shatters, and by any iag theists:kr mania Wier. The umber of let class pessenewei Mealy fell off by 12 per cent., but beyond this the Sed desspemsagen did net appro. viably leans, ,• this experiemet, theater", also remind in l o w. The results of these ezperlassais were then,- Ist. That a relation el tars to Itl. per mile, even from so low • rate as id. per mile, ismeesed the menthe, travelling by nearly • quarter of a million, or by two-thirds of the whole population of the district. As then people were gene rally of the less affluent classes, it apposes that they were actually drawn cut of the noisome "twee of Glasgow to the mouth of the Clyde, by the temptatiou of a very low fan, sal immediately that the fare wss raised they were drives bah again into the city. tad. That under the eiratmeenaces of the line in question, sheep and vapid conayseee increased the number traveling, while improving the lower priced carriages did not appear to act in the same way, but manly tempted temagen front the higher dam carriers., those from the led dam late the 3rd clan eatages, sad hem the let to the fad due. Of slam it by SU steam hive that simihr swab wadi "MINI on lines la saw isesaki, each ems mast be istensimul * 1 its peculiar malidose 3rd. That so limit can be assigned to the number of tra- Mien yid& cheapening and quickening the mesas of con veyance will create. The introduction of the railway, even where steamboats already afforded a meet plateau', rapid, and cheap communication, *creased, we see, the suable I travelling from eleven hundred thousand to two Lama, two sailboat being five times the whole population of the district. I doubt whether either at boa or abroad, so largo • re pletion of travellers to the whole population is to be &and. The Vedic between Glasgow and Paisley is probably the most remarkable instance on record of the Increase of tra veling caused by increased facilities. In 1814 them was only one week a week between Glasgow and Paisley con. ening about 2000 pamengen per imam ; if we multi* this by 5 to allow for the greeter number of gigs and private vehicles then in nee, we only get 10,000 p Jungers pm ir e *num named between the two places. la 1842 the numbers travelling by public novenae. betwesa 0 sad Paisley were upwards of 900,000. Now, se Ihe between 1814 and 1842 bad only about ambled mile the beak, es we see,ltad multiplied itself shastp-Mi g h that the increased facilities of transport MI berms' the number bevelling relatively j ou rn ey population 45 dome ; that is to say, that for every taken by a cereals amber of inhabitants of Glasgow or Paisley in 1814, 45 jemmies were taken by the same number in 1845. These resells, I eseseive, place it beyond a doubt, that we should seem as Wirt te make railway travelling cheep sad witMa , the earth d an clams. Bees Iless b only see true way of enceeme#eg limp leavellan, "mi that b by keeping dews the origami elm ana 1...... me maim memses of railways. All the wee es* .use 1.1611 all public are inclined to trust, sash as kite Maw seektelsw me profits sad so on, are same thinelons. 1 Man eimpealsa is ill .- to railways, sal Is art Is I lie relied WI Mr. E. - Ilaila, the maw, pua the I whale ease late one Dentleill when be said, " Where ass - bar is practicable oseisraddle Is impsedbb." The a perients of all railway cempedties Mews that this is tree; when, therefore, under the plea of impstition ' unnece ss ary eaday is being inclined, the pablis may rest seared that they will ultimately safer for it is the charges they will have* pay. A stroog case is here made out in sup of the opiniss that the result of the violation of the breed principle " not to legislate for prime,' involved in the attempt to fix a maximum rate of fares for railways by act of parliament, has been a failure. This being the our, it could be wished that some effort might be made in the next session of parliament to obtain a reversal of that aboard end prejtalicie I policy. VANS versus seertgesace of the slow ado of trairolUog ia rho sidArai Oda tram Cork and Lima risk to Dublin, it is propound ro vas vans bairns thew Wm sad the rootropedlo.—Liraosied Chevrolet*. TEZ MUGS CEAPZI. APPAIIL—We have nth beard that the dererthe of elergyreas le the EOM Rev. Dr. IWO/ft hem yet waited se him. We believe that his isidihr bee boa la Deb& drier the week. Moo doe the ambles et fellatio ariars, wo en= held dieteset erage, led to peosevele la their else to liN IS& At the in resin we have beard, a reeried root was screed to, whist: is to be read for a reelbs it the airy. list froday wee asks esilestits day I hot there rol e r e w ee asEsellea. wierebe neon be the rola shiareedled The by the vorieldeore. We sr Messed that we were posted Wear the poi ralrivo le ire ei rill eares who was oboe dr lag she mew dolts& t Ili, *laud. vs hove herd, wee boiled 41 • Ore he Obeirm" The tospaesess seskey. we how less aloe Wooed have area bob to • dermas ha asither peak for eels beetles of sheer sisal sasses. It h sold *et the . Mr. Lew ef spires that the appetites WI blow over ; but do r e sishiseeta We sog ssi zed dotersabod as r fleet by. The two of hie a ore pitiable MIK eel obereber the star ef emit lie sack WOW Ibis 11.-11aNtry Tinastor. 1' • - so . !Seth • . had is town', ' to a Sow ..ds Waimea .—.--'ally, his deparied - WM donseadt _ ._ __, 1 hems the formersbotwees Nis am Clines — bad ad hi s IN wee this likely ; massy will be mespelled I to vell kooky to raise the st titbits foods to meet ma I mei .ills aspasso• owl die prebabilim w aken el, ,I , that della this semoindee el the - year the will 1 be tea Med with !overgrows wheat. The extent of Ibe fate. ressiple se Is s wiss great mesame &woad as the wealthy. The gansmily aeablo ram! of moat oarCr ir ki this ossapy will so drabs teed to ; still we are iodised to %Mak :hat sales wit= set in early as the Costliest we dial ossehmeto pocks geed of vela from dals vita Pod hem the heals 40teiipsisted to keep Winos dall. Whittle WC= Mt lave vomited vskometifothe Mail frui dill west reels th. k k e tr lOaffrOlit•s!., , Notwithstanding cult time IP h i ve sieved sloes tan crop was deg, sow rowan are said to has disowned that a coosiderWe goopoodes of what appeared to be peefectly wand when plait Ms boss deotheyad. TM ialinamien we have as yet Wm onthist hi same is not of m islets a &aroma as to senate so Is detemoies what the ammat of seiridel may he: llse ENO Ms peaolina al this year's growth are sot lately to Meg Om* the winter is new the provable( minim. It to isaatigatady prebabla that *ay wilt be honied to market, whisksasrusinly aro in favour of any fameediate improve. mune lathe teems treas. The aneserkm Is. tens of Ist Monier, adder kora illsakdsto Med to rodeos say stoat or the principal Vdowisp held on Tassday, and at meat of the amoosing towns In the north the wake d wheat wawards. At Liverpool so particular cheap or mime; tho best timelines of wheats whether of Mato or hseargrowth, being held at about the gams tacos oar Taos • day as as that day Waal/hr. Esther liberal eaftelico bate lately arrived at that port from belied, principally in the thape of flour and oatmeal ; md dice vales of bath these ',,artieles In onmeependy tem cloWnwords. ' The demand 'he sew Irish wheat, whisk had previonely bass extremely laavid. rewired *swards the ease al the week; aadansibt Fribsons am oLE•glish a att . ie i r o llit tram ps, diciest *s piper ei: Irish. Flo r eoatinaed to hag LIT* cm be wel ad, sallied woo also dui of isle. . advises ko.. YOMMiite lieNnall bantam. SI TUT dits W deliveries from the aeighhooriog lamer, some of wheat has bees shipped to the not* from Lin o .and, for the moment, supply appeals to exceed dithend. At Hull, sa mosa , cal &vise qualities lodised 1 the samosa sorts being voted L. par v.l = lea . ire M iasmata boo Leeds and a oaths character ; i and at stays seedier& markets the ton/easy a/ viola hail as. bona diewawarir. Notwithstsading them diseouraging Mot% amen have parted with their wheat very minor tartly; end whilst, as already latimated, the value of the ar Sala has needed thee or less at the chief town of cassamp. des, an advance of is. to le. has takes plass at several of the markets in the agricultural diarists. Oar Scotch letters coasts so news it Wend ; sot a, mud is said respecting pow ose, bat it is quite possible that the disorder may have developed itself somewhat amen is die south titan is the sash. At Piliabargh, on Warmed'', the wheat trade was langaid, and prises WO way la. to 2... per qr. Al Oleagew, as the same day, business co ls firm, the wetness of the Flacks inducing holders to demand full term. We ham nothing new te communicate from Ireland. A geed dad of unesoness and doubt was it seem, felt as to pewees keeping in the pits, bat so tataal alarm existed on the sables; sad prior of other kinds of food had rather traded downward. Both wheat and Indian corn had bees dills& cie &speed at all the principal markets. listheeto sis Mesas has takes plass is the arrivals el lam egrown !heat into London. Tito supply coastwise for Ms week ending this (Saturday) *main has assountad to wily 3,370 qrs. ; sad the receipts per rail, lea, ham likewise been moderate. Tbe qmaticy exhibited at tharklane by , lead carriage samples fr om the home comities has meanwhile, 1 bees very trifling. Oa Wcduesday there was scarcely • pared fresh up either trews Boaz or Kent ; mad ea Friday the display was oho of the most meaty thareetes. There has, conesquatly, been so passare ea the market but the trade hes aswertiseless remained la a' ry dull state, and mks have WS effeeted with ditheolty die rates mums as Monday hot. The greater part of the business done has bee in Ilaasishin and Cambridgeshire wheat to arrive ; the qadity es the prewiesely received supplies from theme baring proved salistaetaey, sad sack as to had out millers to mate flushes purchases. For good 62 to 63 lb . . prods 42e. to 43e. par qr. Ms bees paid ; and at these ram more might have bees pleased bad sellers come forward. Foreign wheat madams to arsine, thoash not is ends large quantities es peoviously. The receipts from abroad daring the last eight days have animated to Italy 10,726 qrs. ; and upwards of 16,000 vs. having arrived the week timel essly, the market has bee* kept toleabl well supplied. The trauma lona have sot bass el Oath suppl ies Mosday ; part of the thwarts basis; again gose to the tows millers diner, and the spowstry inquiry hamag been c f a retail tharaster. No anxiety has, however, bean meal rested by holders to pries Maness • and we consider that prier were vim m high for goosiserdosable qualities et old wheat at the close as they were in the conuamosatent of the week. The sale for floor has not bees imam, the baken having lately shown little inclinaties to add to their stocks. The nominal top quoted= has nevertheless beim well =indebted and ship samples have not boss sold lower ; indeed, the only sort which has been somewhat pressingly AMA WO Mrs inferior French, and the latter may in partial lailemses ham bee parted with at slight y redwood terms. Very little English barley has been exhibited at Iffedt lane Macs Moaday, and the receipts of this orals them abroad have been only moderate. Nis pertienlar anxiety was shown by the moister. to pardons either on Wed -1 neday or Friday; bat elides qualities belay very mares, were bald at fully provisos tense. Secondary and in ferior sorts were decidedly dull of sale those' not than in the boa' of the week. ' 'omega berty a l: bees taken to a fair 'Must for feeding purees, but the demand has been freely met by sellers, and we at. 'usable I to nodes any improvement on former rota. Moderately good 60 to 62quities have brought 21s. to 225. ; is hem sweet 63 to b ul b. . simples 23e. to 245. per qr. 1 How malt has bees inquired for, and the finest torts ham' realised full tams. The commons kinds, and old, ham moved off 'lowly, at lest Monday's currency. The minis of Oats were moderate up to Friday, as well from our own coast and Ireland as ft= abroad ; ism I quantity has since arrived from the sister isle, and the largo dealers appear determined to wait foe farther supply ere making purchases. The demand kr ema the finest quail the has been tardy throogliont the week, and inferior old foreign or soft new Irish oats have been almost unsaleable. I. regard to prices, no change his occurred ; needy buyers had perhaps to pay little more for really Ono sorts en Fri day than in the commencesiont of the week, whilst other Miudgtions were rather easier to buy. The isw English beans brought forward sins our last have realised the recentirestablithed advance ; and for rather enhanced terms have been demanded. i lig ge d a a ltve not excited leach attention, and the fall in the =ature has caused the inquiry for white boilers to Indian corm was held firmly towards the close el the week Fonztow.—The general &meta of the advise true the Cloatthent condones mesh the more as before. At most of the northern ports Meths cid old grain are voluted Leto al narrow ammo% asil tho illise of sew from the growers haviag blame, - bast of gonfolaadvaly l ith o impottanes, the downward vammassia 0 relive is the British markets hes sot had eis dosidad as Abet ea quotatioas abroad ae might have boos wsravad. The. Mist emensle Min Deamic state, hotemor, that ell but the very feast qualities el what kid boss athved at as abasessest of le. bib. GIL per qr. A largo emsost al Miami sprees to Mot boss dam awe baths Weber, 3,300 SO al wheat having thew' Made witala the swab. The shipmate ham the Tee to the 30th el lOolobso hod smenaled M 4,010 lads. ad tea Welk pope, 'eloseltha 776 iota to Helloed. Esally Gm highsisimed old wheat - Wee Nara, was still bath attha. to 465. me quarter ; 1 boa wasadary sortie new womethlaisekb at relatively low prioss—ay Ms M. to 375. pee gr.; Irso es heed, kir mixed, weights.; 4111ba. pee MA& Maar Mr ~sin myna, and vase! MI ham shisturol l = ll period of about tea data to lead shwa UN lode. i were moderate :—To ung threats ems, ite. r a li tt in ; Liverpool, la kl. toils. ; ad fester, le. M. to is. per foe Wheat. The teliel ihipmelatil of wheat to parte, atalltalth of the Chemed SW% had, from the emissesniele if the yaw be the sod it October, ainessted s• pots* mend wheat. . nen Isom ease lele ITO fsefolost that !either pumbesse hal lies• SOW* higled promoted way della eliegriest ht hmt wheel ism then *Med /Ow; ell red. $6..; sew, red, I& Id. • Mlle mired. 36. •, high mined, 36e. W. to 375. ore qesitee. Le prime of *d end eg mum no cheap ked metered. The demand (or barley lad about kept pees with the easy.At i.e Lower Baltic ports comiamtively little Wane seems to have been done. owing prinolpally to want ell stocks, end easseqemet high prettssions of esSers. Peas Rehash we leers that supplies bad fallen skeet expeetadera t end that fall tsrms had consequently been in shied an ; 37a. Mite. per qr. having hem asked for 67th.. wheat, end les. OIL for 6211 m. Utley. At them rates buying bed acted wiry saratiasily, and the operations had during the week been The eine quell neile h=ars of a precisely similar car resew, and piss erate auk the same there as at the last named port—say, fer Silesian, sad 375. fir Pomeranian weighing t he. per babel. wa ttriltrahund, Griefewald, and Anclam, quotations were not quite so high ; but it would be Ming; to secure any quantity of wheat for immediate shipment at any of the places massed. Prom Hanlon we learn, under date of Tuesday last, that but little had been done either in paresis on the spot or cargoes to be shipped front outports. Prime had am varied materially limo the previous post-day, and good 6011ba. Upland wheat (on the spot) was then still held at 38s. 9d. per qr., free on board. The transactions in barley had not been so extensive as previously, bat very fall taus had been asked (or due gualiW. of Baal on the spot Antwerp letters, of the 6th inst., state that the wheat trade' which had the preeediag week been very dull bid rather revived, and the good samples of Louvain . weighing 621b5., were then held at equal to 335. 61.; but new Antwerp wheat, of the same weight, was obtainable at 37e. per qr., free en bawd. A9 y coot or Botruwerror.-W etas . ins iowbenk a :rfalliai s -of of limotosep Josiotrili. • P r o t gra t - i llifftiroriakowr,i TV Pit pu, Bert LtkitiPkitiYaiiite si . iiiitm . 4,l4 twig= vag , " 11 4 w soiso.—ilitimea Wall . S olien kio; 30 .14,„0. ; !=t s jertarbosio, iffa. 14. ; " e t • ,p1.11 7 17` swollll4 - . _ , PAPsitafElfgfßOLY OP4gißfißi• 7 , , . -- ----... -Ataihtftift., br i m ir i l T RADE .. wteror Pe DU / pewees a g ben" that I S ., ' 1 11. Si Iteriamis Emma.) Niala lbe. t 10111 bee beer steadily proceeded wide, * Yedeell rip preeof slie orarrry the weft le tat liming way of le spa tba deliveries Ina As wenn tare loot I imaril'aei aaaabaly, sad tb• trade fa alms boa bat Labial Mika. _l4 la Ile sarriesharal districts this se dee $7 dm Melt rondos ems. That we dull Ism larger melee )lee anmeeelie fa • imam booms CI lbis sad lIIIMMI than as b, r lon Mailers _ _ __ T 1ER.,_,13, 1849. ,iles-usedebolsobe-ume-d-peLeme m r 1 ItwVlLVelliti=4ll6 te affm., of ma at VOW se sac id., sad Ifskur _ is Wel per qr., free ea baud. 1 puha. the wales uf breadstu be ff. bu rather a a "R. - Jul. Lad !leer might bought so as to `I 0 pride, it mid at goment sates in the . advisee boa Maraca it open that NIP' I Wake brie iscraased. sad Stat the isles oi u to suds at ems el de 111 * wow& Now Yak. ea l st li gi at lS home& gam aad eased maim IS we q idiots. idea. to 4 deb. 75e: ; womb states aid hid wetter., t deia IS s. to 4 date 674e.' sad pare Gaaasaese.6 deb. die. deb. Me. par bared. There was set said brim hipped to Great Wilda. THREE ANOMALOUS TAXES. Moss the Preston GismoMal All taxes are disagreeable, but not equally M. There are some—sack as the Saone tax, the tax oa hunters, equipages, its, the lids of payisg whisk is masidarably .mugged by the ride of beteg upstart able to pety them. There are .thee —eask as the duty ea spirits—which we ee lass (magi*, whim we reflect teat reuses mat tand Item gime emsee, aid that, after a, it had be rebid from defteseions cr dispensable arlieles thea from the aseematim of Mb. Bet there is a third dies, to the of width me reinetion, as philosophy, ma se—taxes so outrageous. ineonsistisat, wad im pudent. that they eta sanely . be paid without grinding the teeth mad uttering a rude ejachntisa. Elute of this Suer clue of taxes an still pertiaacimaly adhered to by rtgilaeat, not only is spite of popular detestedoes, n direet apposition to the preludes , el geveraimet it self. We will inseams" tree—six., the taxes op light, knowledge, sad providence. The first of them is, of Wane, the infirm:las window tax. This tauten last year to the embequer 1,811,722/ At the median of the world Oed said, " Let dberb be light, and there woo light," sad fres to ; bat ear geVegensist Sokol a 0041/aWael of this bright inseastion„e/ Melee podium anw mills it sit as math wiaelow-fa. The trees es ys cenabt fall apes year or breakfast table, without first mMag thrweak tke tax-{ethane. From his hiltra ceases dm permit to' be able to distinguish sight from day in ones um look Ow government talks loudly et Its solidowle for sanded, immovemente, and yet rigoroody chaos to a tax whisk iaterferes more Vasa any other with donnas centfirt and health. For the window tat is not only an bi -9.04.••••• light, but staidly upon sir. Lit agm make as aperture moiety de l W et .....etwatew.ead he is .Maned foe .as Mere " Jelkie seessed tax . What • great iespeomment would take place is tha w constrution and arrangenteut of houses, and what a stimulus would he given to an n : p t u n a mlant branch of trade if this odious window tax were I " Chanted," says the Chancellor of the Kadesque, "but how are we to g6et our revenue " The answer is, speed lees ; abolish all Weiner, naval, military, and civil; ; abate the cost of useless armaments, and you will Immediately be able to spare the window tax, and two or three others which we are about to nuns. The taxes ea lutowladp are savers. These are imposts on mental lies, as the window tax is on phydcal. Our very se cond goverment evidences its strong desire to promote feeding and education by imposing a tax cs.t paper, end proves beyond doubt its misty that the people should have plenteous 'afore:nation and cheap esouiletetat inter n:nine, by keeping up a stamp on newspapers and a high duty on advertisements. The excise duty on paper w• suppose yields about three-quarters of a million annually; the stamps on newspaper about 400,0001., and the "deer Cement duty 103,0001. AB these aro taxes on kaowledge, sad restriction upon the press. The ameba ditty en paper is not 'sly grievous by mum of its amount, but it is, 1 ke all ether Lades imposts, stou'offensive and detrimental in its mode of levying, end its effect has been to dries to other countries, where no such restrictions exist, • s oonsiderable portion of our paper-making trade. When the emits deity on glees was repealed, not only was that article ren dered cheaper, but what ores still more important, the glass trade, by being slowed from the prying supervision and in terference formerly practised under the excise system in every stage of glees menufeeture, became free and vigorous, and offered a splendid mope for enterprise from which the public have already delimit inestimable advantages. The removal of the excise tax on paper would have a angler salutary effect Upsit that trade, and It v.:ldd remove from a government rinsing to have a great regard for education thestma e keeping up a direct ten upon knowledge. If the Chancellor of the Exchequer should demur on the ground of revenue, either to abedM the tax on paper, the stamps on newspaper, or the advertisement duty, we would agent m oist-- Cortilit your expenditure;—the matey would rather lure fewer admirals and more boots, smaller armies and = 4 l: le 7ltitt, " : " .l l uVe k t n u ow ea l.de. providence, via . OM the iesuranes duty. "It might," says a resent poll- ' dal wise, " have been expected that the great advantage le sesisty he general of individuaL providing spinet their mit* mesas of trifling manual costributions would have ' bus k far acknowledged on the part of the British teals lame es to prevent the imposing of • tax upon the pre lim of the people. flash, however, is not the fact, and a , feta k levied at the rate of is againt. per annum upon ' die mess of property insured destruction by tire, whisk rate is, is meet cues, equal to 200 per cent. upon the premium demanded by the insurances allele." Tnis tax, we tidiest, produces upwards of a llion a you, hat the fanning interest has managed to get itself exgred, there beiog now no duty u issureaces of farm me. The tax kr therefore the eddidoeml demerit of being um gmally imposed, end mode the medium of unjust favouritism le ono dim of the community. It is a dins: tax upon m ums mad providence, and we appeal to common sense and decency to say whether it is seemly for the English govern ment to visit virtues like these with fiscal restriotioss. The government ought to be ashamed to draw a revenue from such sources. Governments, however, have very torpid con science. When • man gets into Downiurstreet, his con science upsers to enter upon • period of hybernatios. SUNDAY OCCUPATIONS IN TEE PROVINCES.—The Bino*Amais Gauge* states that, fa addition to the men at it. Pantiles who have been released from labour during a relies edensday, the duke and porters at Messrs. Brother. tree nasellnarcs have also been allowed the same indul- A Noise was posted on the doors en Saturday that r illh alies would gem= closed from ten until five o'clock. Jingle BLECrED.—PooIe, Richard Ledgard, Erg. ; illehesbary, Wm. Storey Esq. • Weymouth, G. C. Wen der& Erq. • Lyman, Ed w ard Rio ; Shrewshory, Mirth, 'Esq.A York, G. H. Be moor, ESq. ; Devon port, St. Libya, E q. ATTEMPT OP A HUSBAND TO CUT Ills WIIB'S EIBOILT, or Livaaroot.--On Saturday J. &holes, a man of em pramble a ppearance, far advanced in years, was brought uP easelmage of ntaliOoesly cutting and wounding his wife, Ana &bole& The woman's statement was to the effect that be tween eleven and twelve o'clock on Friday night the pri- Iles/ au= hew, and while they was together is the front parlour a quarrel took place, daring which he said he would ham his revenge on her. He than din wh e n the parlour to the bedroom, on the same fl oor; , being suable to get away, she dropped on her knees and bossed that he would sot do her any harm. He had been seen with a razor in his head a short time previously. The ases plaistast, while struggling with the prisoner, felt his head eirapiagesimethiog drawn emcee her threat, and immediately eloneards her neck became wet, but she meld mot orr. mole ten the muse of it. In a minute or two she became SIM wad fell upon the floor. A perm belonging to the be we came into the room and found her bleeding from Moab la the throat. The prisoner was then standing sear idenrifs. A surgeon was called is, who dossed the poor women's wounds, and saw her removed to a pleas of safety. The injuries were not of a serious character. The primmer who did not attempt to Neaps was taken into custody. The rszor with which it was minim= the wounds were initiated was not found. The prisoner, whoa called upon for his de fence, said his wife took the razor in her band with the bi ennials of cutting her throat, when he interfered to prevent her, and took away the razor ; while doing so she woo cat in the way described. This statement was denied by the wife. It appeared the prisoner bad bees several aloes before the courtier attempting to set en to his house embezzlement, by false pretesose, and ;ernes other of llem"brile. was 'committed for trial at the s w ine. MaiIICIBEYENT or FoitalON Mktg.—The Revenue authorities =vim MA seder their ansidararies as =Or amiss from the fiemedeemient die Owed Seam Camel I Drew noweatag teat the wilisseemosesent za ttly of mash dinlmialmand Merslemns fen fa hog* ga d o *. I Gene= racist regulable of Weber, I may be die pawed with, sudsiest as per Mi. soli et Mat eseertmon edges le deele may he fatale be memems= si , e ao# that the renieleder et the impound= may be Worm& sod the misolated eseroMmi M the avenge amertained Gem the dads amemelly maiwered. The Cram authorities ben gasmen= the eisplies of the proposed eneememest with reopen to lamb god battles exceedieg Wears= ilset la lea" (net hong desk deals), is those OM in widell the parties banal= la the dispel= of the goods may mot =jest . thereto, and isles. line been Weed tor the swam to gm cenied into offset mose~y. which was granted at the nosed of Ms Do= with raped* She smetieremsot et hedge desk into the peter ImsiaN t lef t wpol a unmet M Min effect homale utMe Mee ezteeded to all the goela threugheut the tl f rertingdom, wham the new mods at memareeseet for the duties will be omitted if imn= from the mess= time! AOC:MINT TO THE CIIIIIESB EXHIBITION.—We regret to report that a serious accident occurred to this ode tested exhibition on its passage northwards to Edinburgh teem this town by the North British Railway, as the morning dimewith 1. 8 truck the train, w hick had arrive consisted d mmemsgmes, o nly a few miles north of this' town, the fort meet eartlam same violently in collision with one of the bridges, breaking it and the succeeding carriage end their contents in pieces. It is stated that the damage done is very considerable—smonstiag t t 1,5001. or 2,0001., bat we should think this sum is somewhat overrated. The train, on Saturday, proceeded as far Reston where it remained daring Sunday. The journey was mourned on Monday, and by the evening the train reached Dunbar, which it left early on Tuesday morning, and strived in safety at St. Margaret's station, Edinburgh, la the afternoon. The pee rage of Oa train below the bridges was generally effe=l by the temporary alterat'on of the rails, so as to enable it to attain the onto of the arch. From the breadth of the tams, the platforms at almost every station had to be removed, bat scarcely any delay wee ammionet to the ordinary trains on the line. The hosmbomoduessp . vans. end other tar siers, famed a operate MM.—Berwick wards% OUR REPRESENTATIVE SYSTEM DUDLEY. Dudley was enfranchised by , the Reform Bill. It is the centre of ' a manufacturing district; it contains a population of nearly five and thirty thousand : it has 1,3..0 101. householders, of whom nearly 1,000 were registered electors: corruption has not been practised in it, • and neverheless it returns a strong tory representative, and under existing circumstances, wonld optima° to do so, let the =bay be extended as it might. It will at once be isquired—what is the canes of this? An anomaly is here presented which requires explanation. These facts, it will be said, appear to militate against the arguments in daily , use— that the feeling of the country is liberal—that the people are well fitted to receive an extended suffrage —and that the large manufacturing constituencies are the most enlightened, and es a rule return the most nodal representatives. It will be observed, too, that the position of Dudley appears the more alio ' melees because the town is immediately adjacent to, and in many respects materially influenced by, Birmingham and Welverhampton—phoes which may almost be described as centres of poiitical enlighten-, ment. It will be asked how these things are to toil accounted for and reconciled. Is dealong with the borough system of England ft is et-thinly our deft , not to papa them over. • 1 The toryiran which is prederaisant at Dudleyire very peculiar toryism.. It is n low and vulgar serifs ism ;an ignorant indeed brutal torylem. Asa redei• toryism is the aristocratic principle of Esghold t it Itself in the flowing wig and Yoffie style of the early days of Ge-rge the Third; it boasts of lag descent and ancient pedigree, and, as mlny 'a • tory of the present day will tell you, caste to him as an inheritance with his family plats sad pic tures. Bat the toryism of Dudley is nothing-ail& sort : therell; not story in the town who clot beast* his gianfitather ; it is difficult to put your fiesta upon a member of the party who is entitled to the position and' reputation a gentleman. A coarser, and mere vulgar crew than the tones of the b:vret of Dudley, high and low, it would be impossible to pitch upon in any rarnninnity in Er gland. The teryism of Dudley is a torylam of Ignorance —a toryism of habit—a toryism of self-interest— and a toryiam of coercion. We have been in places where toryiem was the representative of loyalty. At Dudley they care as much ghat the Sovereign as they do about the President of France. There are other towns where toryism shadows forth the Church of England, and where tories march in way to the poll with a view, as they believe, to keep dissent in check. At Dudley the tories profess no Church principle, nor indeed any description of religious principle. Up to 1843, when a dio:essn effort was made to civilise this locality, there were few places where the church was so completely use lees—where it was so apt a representation of the dried-up well of the desert in which thousands are perishing of thirst. Even now, when tke church is making some effort to enlighten this depraved and almost heathen population, it is not the tories of Dudley who support its efforts, nor the tories of Dudley who promote its neefalnem. And this fact shadows forth one of the great causes of the toryism of this town. We have said that the toryism of Dudley is a toryiem of ignorance. The ignorance of Dudley teries is not mere personal igno minies—though there is an ample amount of that—but it is an entire and utter ignorance of the population amongst which they live. That population is a most important population. It is almost exclusively a mining population. Within the parish of Du dley there exist 32,000 souls; but within a circle of three or four miles around it there are sciroely less than 100,000 more, and the great proportion of these are engaged exclusively in the mining operations of the district. Talk of our large towns — why the population of the parishes of Dudley, and of Tipton, Clent, Kingswinford, Sedgeley and West Bromwich, all in close proximity to Dudley, equal the population of Birmingham it eelfl What is the condition of this population? Who care for and protect this enormous mass of la bouring poor? The Dudley tories—for whom so any of them labour ? We lament to say not one of them. It is a painful fact to record. but we do believe that there is not one of the employers of the Dudley district who knows one per cent of the men wt o toil sad labour to produce his wealth. Take Eng land through, and you will not find a tonality where there is not only eo little sympathy between the employers and the employed, but such an utter re gardleermess on the part of the former of every stogie interest appertaining to the latter. It is upon the records of official evidence that they . omit even the commonest precautions fur the protection of their lives. Human existence here is treated as a cheap commodity. Those horrible pit accidents, of which we hear so frequently—(and yet, in compari son with the frequency of their occurrence, so very rarely)—proper precautions would prevent one hall of them—precautions entailing trouble and expense no greater than it is the bounden duty of every maater to provide. But the utter ignorance of the Dudley tarifa of the population amongst which they live is no better ex hibited than by "the strikes, " which are of habitual occurrence in this important district. If the history of the labour of this locality were written, it would be found that " sirikes " amonst the pitmen were the rule, and continuous labour the exception. Tte pit men of the Dudley district are always, in fact, in an incipient state of strike, or else in strike itself. It is evident that there must be something wrong in a system under which such a state of things as this exists. We do not hear of these repeated strikes in the cotton manufacturing districts, in the woollen trade, or in toe clothing trade, at Manchts'er, or Bolton, or Huddersfield, or Leeds. : ' Why should the po i potation on the Dudley side of the coal country " strike " so much more frequently then they do upon the Wolverhampton and Bilston side of the same district ? There must be a fault here, and we have little hesitation in attributing it to the want of sympathy of the emplot ers for the employed. In order to explain this more thoroughly it is secesiary to describe shortly how the mines of this coal district are worked. We will take the district immediately adjacent to the town of Dudley. The great owner of the soil is Lord Ward. Lord Want lets his land on royalties: that is to say, the person taking a lease of it engages to work the missed@ upon the property, to pay so much per ton for all the oriel and iron stone obtained, to get no mew time a certain maximum quantity, which is nailed iil4, every year, but to pay as for a certain mini m ule quantity, whether he may get the maximum or mite., This is the contract as between the owner of the soil and the iron master. But the iron master does not work the mines himself: he contracts with a middle man, called a butty-collier, who engages to open the mine for him, and to get a certain quantity of ad or. iron stone ner week, at a price to be speed. The batty-collier employs a gang of men for tite papaw These men are consequently never brought into sew notion with, nor do they in the slightest degree the sympathies of, their real employee e n many cases they do not even know the " b•Wyf f for the batty contents himself with negotiating with the master, and contracts with the men ' through one of their own class, who is ordinarily called a " doggie." The master never goes into the mines : the " batty " very . rarely. But it is in theta mines that the colliers exist from one week's end to another : it is here that they live, and breathe, and , have their being. Now, the effect of this system of labour in the keit district is highly, detrimental to every class engaging in the trade. The labourer, having nothing in com mon with the employer, is continually striking to get more out of him—and hence t he " strikes by which the trade is continually suffering. On the other hand the employer is led to treat the workman u a mere machine ; as a machine without wants or feelings ; as a machine in which he is only so far interested as he can work it. A remarkable proof of this position is to be found in the fact, that although accidents in the pit-work are in the fearful proportion of no less than seventy-two per cent. per annum to the number of labourers, yet than is not in the town of Dudley, or in the country round about it, a hospital, or even a dispensary ! "AU cases req uiring peculiar skill, must be sent to Birmingham, twelve miles off! When people are found so careless of the lives of the labourers by whom they live, how can it be im puted that they can be anxious concerning their political position ? The late Vicar of Dudley put it upon . record that his rich fellow-townsmen and nothing either for the spiritual or moral warm d the poor. " I h.d the greatest possible difficulty," he says, " in eleaining money for building any dis trict Churches. Oa coming to the parish I ftund only two old endowed schools in one building, and they were in welt difficulties." The reverend gentleman and niter clergymen detail the dlficul les they have in extrattueg a sixpence from the richest masters in the district for the benefit of the poor, and the utter regardlessuess which there is for their social or spiritual well-being. This ignorance of the working clue—of their want., wishes, feelir go, and interests -is no doubt a piedirposing canoe to the toryism of the Dudley iron masters. The system of their trade is another predis posing cause. Most people know that, virtually, the , nen trade is a monopoly. The large iron masters are continuity strugelieg to maintain it so. Yoa have heard probably of what are called "Ironm esters' Quarterly Meetings." Allow us an opportunity of - exposing one of the greatest absurdities that ever . " 1 existed in any trade. In the week after every It gal quarter day the ironmasters of Ifeouth Staffordshire perambulate the district to hold what they cell Moir " quarterly meetings," and to arrange what the price of iron shall be for the ensuing quarter. The iron misters meet, say at Wulverhampton or at Dudley. They dine at the hotel. They fix the price of iron— the rice which is to govern all the trade. One or dolly red-eased old tory the most • fiat, sit the , lot, and the moat icaphatio n - the price, returns home after 'dinner 711111tillffibrItletter on his table reque.ting blabs teadelr bras tomtit, of rails. Within twelve boureaftent bas 4 "seathea the price," he is certain to be nadersellitik 1111 his" neighbours. This " settling the price of iron," therefers, is a farce. But, if see what is the use of the quarterly meeting? Why, the use of the. qiihefttly meeting is to keep u? the siiresepoly, to Unmet. Cal a occasion for excluding "the 'assent a favourable ferieneemlaaUma *guest the wea rer and Inalitilalifintfjto-40,06,ia addition to all this, to pet • Abe ..401eir,, bibacer, by coin- Igniug. to Aptoteer'iltereat -rate of wages in the Weeks- se& - Ji*; - 41 - • these Iron masters' 'Quarterly Meetings, wages, forsooth, are regu lated as well as the price of iron. And you will find, it you examine the question attentive ly, that these wages ore fixed wi hone regard the quality of the labour or the skill of the work man, in the Mme way as the price of iron is fixed without regard to its quality, or to the nature of the supply . . 'their monopoly, therefore, makes the Dudley fronmasters tories by habit and toeless by posiron. Wu will now show how they are also tories by self interest and teats by coercion. The coal field, or as it is sometimes called, . " the great black cake," is of limited extent. The lords of tee sail are few in num ber. Lord Ward fiesitieses the largest share cf it ; Sir Horace St. Paul was the next greatest proprietor. Now it is a matter of absolute necessity with the lessees that they should be upon as good terms as possible with the owners of the soil. And we will explain the reasons why. When a coal field is taken to work a considerable amount of capital i.e recessarily invested. Works have to be erected : a shaft has to be sunk. Frr.m the nature of the pro perty no very large quantity of land can be taktn at mice. In a little time, probably, all that has been originally leased is worked out. The lessee has now to obtain a new piece of ground. Yon will see at once that in order to make his original pit ens works available it is necessary that such new piece of ground should adjoin that he originally took. The instances are rare in which this adjoining ground deco not belong to the same landlord. If the renter is on good terms with the steward ho gets it; if he is not, a large proportion of his capital is necessarily sacrificed. The self-interest, the:cfore, of these ironmasters induces them to gn with the owner of the soil, and obliges them to submit to the coercion of his steward. At Dudley, as we shall pre sently find, this has gone so far that the constituency are content to swallow Lord Ward's own agent as their representative in parliament, a person who rarely comes amongst them, who does the town no earthly good, and who is as careless about the fulfilment of his parliamentary duties as if he was sitting for Gotten or Old Sarum. Such, then, to conclude this branch of the subject, are the circumstances under which the important town of Dudley is a tore tier°. The explanation will set at rest all cavil as to the rea son why this large manufacturing constituency should now send a tory to the House of Commons. We etarted by saying that there was little hope of improvement—that an extension of the suffrage would probably have no effect whatever on the re turns of this constituency. If the suffrage was house hold, it would be extended in Dudley to a lawn class of " buttys " and "doggies." who are all under the thumb and immediate influence of the master. If it was universal, it would be exterded to the mining labourers, who in their turn are all under the thumb and immediate influence of the "batty." and the " doggies." Indeed, the character of this particular population requires that, tr.fure the euffrege, al other enlightener should be introduced, in the person of the schoolmaster. "The old collier of this district," says the late ,'ear of Dnelley, "is a heavy, superstitious, gluttonous animal, most tiarentese and naturally good-natured, werhoue a spark (ipso:Weal feeling, unless as regards his daily wages ; all beyond is to nim dreary and unreal." Some years ego, the Chartists thought they imd made an impressr n in the coal country ; but it was a mistake. They were all-powerful in Birmingham, but not in any way understood in Dudley. ' The Chartists," says a working man, "had a room in Dudley, for a year or more before the strike. Occasionally Leo curers would come and lecture there. Not many men at anytime enrolled their names. I should any SO or 60 might be the most, and they paid Id. a week, ' but the room could not have held that number at orce." Another working man says: " The men did not follow the Chartists from any principle, but fled to them for refuge in the strike, and were glad for any one to come and instruct them in the prices of iron and so forth. Political affairs had nothing to do with us: we had to do with our musters. The chartists never had no friends in Dudley." A population of this sort evidently requires instruction in order duly to examen political privileges. (D% be continued.) D.tT OF Tamasornso.—The Lord Mayor hag directed the fellowlag attics to be extensively circulated In the City el land= Fastrioown, Mayor, Mansion house, 121 k Iloyeatber, 1849. —Her Most Gracious Ma i jetty the Gnu* having by her royal proclamation appointed' and commanded that a general thanka giving to Almighty God for the aba intent of the grievous disease with which many places in this kingdom lave been lately visited, shall be observed through , ,ut Rag land and Ireland, on Thursday, the 16th day ol November instant, the Lord Mayor requests that his fellow-eiusens will close their shops and abstain from all business on that. day, in order that it nifty be devoutly and reverently ob served by all classes .— By order of the Lord Mayor, S. B. °Oedema. THE MEM= POR CARLISLE AND EXTENSION OE an Surritsom.—Mr. Philip /toward, 11.1'. for Carlisle, bee addressed a Isitter, of which the following is a copy, to ope of his conslittunta .—" Corby Castle, Oct. 29, 1849. Dear Sir—Some little while ago you asked my opinicn and Intentions respecting the elective franchise and the advis ability of extending the su ff ruge. I regret to have delayed replying rather longer than I had intended. Two considera tions have induced me to refrain from taking a part in that question immediately situ my re - elation . First, there was no prospect or probability of a general eke ion : and secondly, I was unwiling that this country should merely appear to fellow in the wake of continental movements. At the end of loot session, however, having left town, I wrote to acquit my friend, Mr. Aglienby, to place for me • notice for next session on the orderiatiole of the Mouse of Commons, of my intention "to trove for leave to bring in a bill to extend the elective franchise to in habitant hosueholdere, resident and rated in every city and borough for not less than one year." The adjournment of the home a couple of days earlier than I had anticipated, prevented that able and Indefatigable member from kindly complying with the request I had ventured to m .ke to him, but to you I think it due, with the view of satisfying your inquiries, to make this communication. In all wittiest couiderations, fitness of time u well as unity of action should be duly weigned. Immediately after the general election, owing to the disturbed state of a great part of Europe, there was a disinclination to raise, in this and, any question however remotely tending to politic-I sii:siiun, and many eager reformers bowed to that feeling, and acquiesced in its wisdom. Any well-founded alvm of being caroled too far bye:serail pressure has now, it appears to me, vanished ; iw d. p a a r t4e i . n: :m borough,cai p t s f t: sfintoovigwanlhdew°;rhiatihytceathe:htheopinetiolodittsoeraye elector al p anet.7 sy ste m l m eas ures t: ti w io w !l u t : i l s : t a u h o im eo t f l b se b un ae ff s ks er ml ir ; s e s g , ic n r c bg u o. e. f. given practical proof of their 'inertia in its welfare ; but that object secured, by provisions which admit of no evasion, I think we may is conbilence rely upon the patriotism and love of order of the householder, who bears his share of the burdens of general es we'l local tlxatien. Excuse this ra ther lengthened explanation. Yours obediently. PHIWP 8. liowLap." ; :r C :-• I 1. iw 11 • wi : 4 i• ; sea il• ; 4* 1 11 0, OW 1* Os 101. ; Rah ;• rm. • -/ , :%, J