The Express. — London, England, 1867-01-15 00:00:00

2 MAITIN BILOTHEILS.-- Eat.11:11311ell WA% I SIL\ EI:PLATE for OK:COLONIES. et: T RV and SILVER PLATE for trir.Sl,lllN,:. 31A1'vIN I:RoTHERS, LONDON-BRIDGE. .51‘ 131:0THEI{S, 222, itEOENT sTREET. B''')w-N and ['OLSON'S COF,N FLOUR 0.11 VREv , Pt trx `4 tin oar., r...a I.y the sate llads arc serktinies vOO littoWN aO.l Rl, i. . ..• a 11 V.O m..ker2 on C3Clll . kw! Zitt er.pvoo. OR I A 1,.6' t ~crnnna—And .7'. I ‘1.4.1: N M. itlato..— I. if Lt Seyni.aar. I ' \ ..t .• •• . HAY %I %H..Et ...... II . . • •TNI•c. ro! I.•! . :: sr. t;' l'otopt.a. kt• NI•• I. 1.1 Hai, rii p X'il , .1 Kt ‘14,44i311,• t 11.,0r,, PI( rit'F....l4. 'CMS EVVVNG...III.I it - 11! : ••0I \ hijisg asd . .114, • ‘,•.; Katla ire 1:44I •rs •1 W oN IM oN. %Wier, Gilloartu, F 4•11, strr. Vntle• .art, H. a•al. , ~I %uang. Mrs. 11 .7.:ar • , aud Mt..s 1.1 I'EVNI. . .' E 7.1744, T F. 1 %‘ ... .1101.1, ‘t ROI I. 1.1 NUIR ), 'Ai k I. 1L.,, I:.Cs't,•ll,. c• It, e. : Mr- I. ‘1.1. - 1 I), :WA M 15..., I Lula C. L.:keret!, STR AND. 'JUN ErEM , .. Its t will he prmlueed r I I;laitmele, (.I.Y FAIVK :it 11 OF TW 1101.RONN Tni: KYSNIYO, MY TI It N NEXT. Mr I:elmere; Mines flue nn..x.—And FLYING SCI . D. Nle4ent. Neville, Ha mer, 14:ilie : Mg.lamen Y. Je4ephs, C. :Smolders, Llt.te k nide", Lei.nox, Ka) muskil, BRITANNIA, r.VENING. 111 K 1 ; 1:R4,.1 :,..1;;I:* TUE MARL ISLAND: mt. rill.: TII REF: KINIIDWIS 411 , PEARL. GoLD, AND SII.VV.K. Sllmt.law)bs.—hiNt.rAte Pautomlngsts. —And TIIE UttnW. 111611 WATER. AT LONDON BRIM& TIM DAY —%lornhig. sh. 2,10 Aftent.ol.. fl% !M. TO , Molllol...MOrnitig. Alm Afternoon, 10h. '22m. LONDON, TUESDAY, JANUADY 15. Mn. A DDERLEY has recently published a pam phlet, which ought to carry consolation to the vexed spirit of Mr. Lowe. Thu very title of it is soothing. He undertakes to show, by "an out " line tracing of the irreversible course of consti " tutional history," that Europe is " incapable of " American democracy." Where Mr. LOWE shrinks from the inevitable, Mr. Auer:atm- boldly demonstrates the impossible. Mr. Lou c pleads only fur a reprieve of a few years. The day must come when the English constitution, like sacred Troy, shall fall. All he asks is that the evil day be not anticipated. " Let it not die tu-morrow,"he en treats, at the vulgar hands of the seven-pounders. On the other hand, Mr. ADDERLEY feels all the security which animated Marnern when the weird assurance was given him, that till the " irrever " slide course" of 'later° was altered, his throne was safe; that none of woman burn should harm him ; and that till Biruam Wood came to Dunsi mine Hill, he should never be vanquished. Mr. Anneuicv's doctrine that Asia is un changeably destined to despotism, Europe to aristocracy, and America to democracy, and that Africa is providentially shut out from the providential scheme of human development, seems to be nothing more than an attempt to erect bite an irreversible law some of the more superficially obtrusive facts of the present time. The phenomena aro adduced as the explanation of the phenomena. Mr. AD DERIEV'S theory rests 1 , 11 a gratuitous assumption that things must always be as they now are. When he ventures into detail ho falls into error and inconsistency. When he has put Africa under a "doom of inferiority by itself," he is obliged to make exception of " Egypt, which is of " Asiatic destiny, and Carthage and Cyrene, which " are of European." Carthage, as everybody knows, was of Asiatic origin ; and if European destiny can get among an Asiatic people on the continent of Africa, what becomes of the geographical dis crimination which is the basis of Mr. An- DEICLEY'S theory? An American destiny may as easily get into Europe, or a European or Asiatic destiny into America. When tho first emi grants from Asia !fettled in Greece ; fonOtal s 1.1e3 tarifeet lAshitauis of our continent, " their " Eastern habits," Mr. Anommeir says. " quickly " Europeanized." We are told of " European " accretions" which they received, though they— an Asiatic settlement—were then the only Europeans. Nevertheless, the despotism of the Turks, who occupy the same geographical sesta, and who came there when there really was not only a European continent but a European civili zation, is accounted for, in Mr. ADDERLEY'S theory, by the fact of their being—as the Greeks were—Aaiatics. Why did they not become Europeanized, and receive European accretions, when they " entered fully upon " European history "? The Greeks Europeanized themselves, according to Mr. &moue' , ; destiny could not, under more favourable circumstances, Europeanize the Turks ; it did Europeanize the Magyars of Hungary, who belong to the same race, making them the most constitutional and aristocratic of European nations. The local destiny appears to be very capricious in its operations ; and we, therefore, cannot share Mr. ADDERLEY'S confidence as to its future operations in Europe and America. Though his theory is gratuitous and fanciful, and is little else, as it appears to us, than a re statement of the leading facts which it affects to explain, with an assumption that they do not ad mit of change, his exposition embodies a good deal of truth of some practical importance. That the first authority in human societies is despotic— passing through the stages of parental, path archal, and monarchic ; that the emigration of men to new settlements, each bead follow ing its chiefs, naturally generates a system of aristocracy, or of leaders ; that the division of authority among several persons, in weakening the powers of those who govern, strengthens that of the governed, and thus tends to popular self-rule, a tendency which will become more marked and decisive when the migration into a new world emancipates the settlers from the tradi tions and usages of the societythey have quitted-- all this is probable in itself and confirmed by fact. But it is equally certain that before the migrations from Asia into Europe took place, the germ of aristocracy had come into being in the East. The leaders must have existed before they were chosen. It is notorious that the European emigrants to America carried out with them the democratic theories which Mr. ADDERLEY believes to have been indigenous there ; they borrowed them from the English puritans and the French Jacobins. Of course the new ideas, aristocratic or demo cratic, made more rapid progress in the new societies where everything favoured them, than in the old countries, where institutions and usages and vested interests contended with them. More foundation than this we cannot discover fur Mr. THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 15, 1867. A: ..: ::1.1.1's ductrine tint: Asia is unchangeably despotic, Europe irreversibly aristocratic, and America inevitably democratic. At the saute time, without sharing Mr. .AI•I.FICLEV . ,Z views .4 "local destiny," of "a " fixed necessity ..f order," which " can never be put hit.' circumstances to change," " irreversible " laws, :mit an intrinsic "incapability" on th. part of mon .•f the sane race, traditiens, and hinge ige, fur identical insti baba's, we fully agree %%id. him as to the fully of tie: alarm which t at, in SODIC quarters as to the apprehended Americanization of our institutions. 111 thin xuall railLii of tllllll3 and probability as finnan foresight :nut staten.cinship can talie into account, American dem. icra-y is little likely to estr.lirsh itself in En4land. " The inveterate " tint centurie-, the lig:be..lds:aid fibres " of long reeollections, and attach " mods" (to use Mr. Atiintr.ta.v's words) tight aqainit it. These safeguards are so strong, that they leave nothing to fear frail a very mitig exten sion of popular rights. Mm. Al , l*-I:I.LV has 111 , 110 much, bythe sapcious and penetrating suggestions which are embedded in a theory that secias to us eint.rely inadmissible, to dispel the bugbear of American deisuicracywhich stands in the way of Par ham aitary Reform, and to dim:reit:it the opposition ti.l . cred by his party last session to the very mode rate measure of the (toventinent. This, at least, it the obvions, though possibly the undesigned drift and moral of his \VE shall never hear the last of Mr. Bright's misdeeds. There was a meeting ui farmers at Leicester on Saturday, to form " Chamber of Agr'eulture," when that great lord of the soil, the Duke Rutland, was in the chair. The Duke had a grievance. Mr. Bright had said, that in 1846 " it required the occurrence of a crushing famine in Ireland, and the destruction of as ninny lives as would have been destroyed by a great war, before parliament would cease to tax the bread of an industrious community." Thu Duke of Rutland says that this is a reflection upon him and his friends, and it does seem like one. He has, however, a reply. It is in substance, that he never consented to give up Protection, although Parliament did ; the Irish famine did nut convince him, and has not con vinced him now. Ile opposed the repeal of the Corn Laws, and still thinks that Lord George Bentinck's scheme of Irish railways would have answered better. This is a complete answer to Mr. Bright, who will probably shape his future speeches so as not to include the Duke of Rutland in his reference to Protectionists who were wade wiser by tho ksson of the Irish famine. The Duke was either too modest or too proud to refer in detail to the part ho took in resisting the Free-Trade measures of Sir Robert Peel. We must do hint the justice to bear witness that his opposition was uncompromising. Turning to Hansard we find him declaring, on the 10th of Fe bruary, 1846—after Peel had described the loss and suffering consequent upon the failure of the po tato crop, and had formally renounced the doctrines of Protection—that " all experience told them, and it was self-evident that when sub sistence was very cheap the labourer was not well paid, and the condition of the people was worse than in those places where the price of provisions was high." Thu free traders wished to put a shil ling into every man's pocket, and in order to do so proposed to take two shillings out of the pockets of half the population. " The° sufferers would be the hard working, industrious producers of the community, while those who would gain would be the rich, idle, unproducing consumers." If the Corn Laws were repealed low prices could not con tinue ; the foreign growers would raise them after the English agriculturists had been driven from the market. And when this had been done there was the further disadvantage that foreign governmenta might prohibit the exportation of corn to this country. For these and other reasons be should give his most strenuous opposition to Sir R. Peel's proposal, and if any member were in doubt as to the policy to be pursued, let hint give the benefit of that doubt to a system under which this nation has risen to greatness and renown. " Let the result be what it would, of this ho was sure, that posterity would regard them (the Protectionists) with gratitude, and thank them for having struggled for Protection, and would, at all events, acknowledge that they had not betrayed the trust which the nation had confided to them." It is very hard that a nobleman who thus battled for Protection in the very face of Irish famine, should be held up as having quailed before it, and run away from his colours. The Duke, how ever, was indemnified on Saturday by the applause of the assembled farmers, and the hearty support of country gentlemen of principles as sound as his own. When the Duke made the usual formal concession to Mr. Bright that he might bo acting from conscientious motives, there were loud cries of " No, no." We shall look with some curiosity for the further transactions of this interesting " Chamber." OUR CONTEMPORARIES. (THIS DAY.) Italian g hvernment in its extvnie anximy to coceiliate the court of Rome is deliberately sacrificing its friends to its enemies. This is seen in the dismissal of some fifty liberal priests appointed by the crown from churches in Naples by the l'ardinal Archbishop, who has even had the churches in which they otlicistest roconsecmte.l. If such acts are popular at Naples, what, it may le asked, has liberal Italy to hope from a free church in a free state? Not a protestant refonn Alen, but liberty for protestants and catholic, alike. \il4l a free church in a free state there need he no churches ranter royal juri-.liction. On the other hand, the Car:Heal A. bishop would have no authority beyond the Jeri - y and the laymen his own communion ; the state would he abso• lutely neutral, and therefore absolutely exempted from the interested pressure of any foreign power. The issue by the Emperor of Austria of a .I”er, patent concerning the army which, without the (...,,ent of their Diet, imposes new burdens on the Hungarian people, is regarded by the Times as a necessity under the circumstances, the govennuent being compelled thing. arc, 'vb.:never any real legislative business is to be trans. acted, to dispense with diets and councils, and concentrate all authority in the hand of the executive. in the present susperi•ion of all constitutional powers, the edict has the force of law, and if it can meet both with the support of the people and the eventual sanction of the local Diets in the nomlfungarian provinces, the government will easily interest these provinces in the enforctineLt of the law upon Hungary also. Hungary will thus eitiici have to accept common conditions with the sister mininc,, or come to an open quarrel with her sovereign. By breaking with Austria the Hungarians would only fall back upon chaos. Glancing at the numerous difficulties by which Austria is beset, the Times midi that it is only by German preponderance that order, progress, and freedom may hope to Hem ishin the country. The Doily News, on the other hand, looks upon the issue of the patent without any reference to the represen tative body in Hungary, as a step well cilct.late I to de stroy whatever favourable impression may have beet made by previous overtures. If the Austrian government per. severes in its present path it will render a reconciliation with Hungary simply and absolutely impossible, and every great and small state that may wish to profit by the weakness of Austria will see therein its opportunity. It is, however, inconceivable that the government should push obstinacy to this point. I'ItII)E4_VNIONi ANII) THE WAGES MARKET. A long letter from Messrs. Creed and Williams, the gen tauten who have conducted the late inquiry into the state of the Belgian iron trade, appears in the Tight of th.s zooming, treating of the fact that the difficulties to which English ironmuters are subjected by the constant recur rence of strikes are fully appreciated abroad by our foreign customers, as well as by our foreign competitors. To their general condemnation of unions, however, the Times takes some exception. Admitting the unsound theories by which the abuses of unionism are justified, and the mischievous consequence to which they lead, and depre cating emphatically the social intolerance by which the trade union too often makes war on behalf of mediocrity, still justice requirm us to admit, says the Tinto, that by combination alone can labour hold its own against capital. An individual workman is almost as much at the mercy of him employer as an individual employer would be power less against a union embracing all the operatives in his trade. He mutt act in concert with others to get that share of increasing profits which Messrs. Creed and Wil liams admit to be his due, and if he acted freely in concert with others there would be little ground of complaint. Even the determination of the hours of labour is by no means so simple a matter as appears at first sight. Most employments involve the co-operation of many hands, and if the working hours were made to vary at the will of each 'Lithium, business could nut be carried on. A sense of independence, a passion for social elevation, is after all the motive power of trades unions ; and while lamenting their excesses, the Times regards them as institu tions which must be recognised as an essential, and may be matured into a valuable, part of our industrial system. Another question raised ice Messrs. Creed and Williams' letter is the experiment of qualified partnerships between master , ' and men,which they oppose—recommending men, before coming to the conclusion that partnership with their masters would ho an advantage to them, to endeavour to ascertain the proportion of failures in the iron trade to fortunes realised. The lelaus, however, is not disposed to reject the experiment of further trial. What has to be shown, and can only be shown by its application to various kinds of manufacture for a sufficient length of time, is that it is capable of being worked, and open to no fatal economical weakness. If this has not yet been established, the contrary has scarcely been even alleged. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE FRENCH AMBASSADOR AT CON STANTINOPLE. M. Deurt , e, the recently appointed French am bo.isador to Turkey, on presenting his credentials to the Sultan, after a few complimentary remarks, said : Thanks to a long sojourn in the East, the questions which mise there are not unknown to we, and I bring to Constantinople personal feelings well calculated to obtain for me the kindness of your Majesty, which I make bold to ask for beforeliseal. The Emperor, sire, is aware of all the measures by which your Imperial Majesty has endeavoured and will endeavour to augment the prosperity of the people subject to your sceptre. It is especially by the develop • went of it; immense resources—the stores of public and private wealth which the territory of the empire contains — that this end can, in his opinion, be attained. The Em perm is aware that it ia sometime. difficult to realise great improvements, but, at the same time, no one knows better how much a firm will can spread than rapidly over the surface of a great state, and make theta everywhere and simultaneously fruitful. I have the honour, sire, to place in the hands of your Majesty my credentials, and to assure your Majesty of the constant friendship of the Emperor. (EILUIZR'S TELEtALt3IB.) AUSTRIA. V !ENNA, TAN. 15. The semi-official Vienna journal of this morning publishes an article censuring the agitation being carried on against the convocation of the ex traordinary Reieharath. The article concludes thus :—`• The government abandons the ground of the February constitution simply because the present position of affairs allows solely of its theoretical maintenance. To advocate the February constitution is only to desire to defend masked absolutism." The government has convoked an extraordinary Reichsrath, not because it wishes absolutism, but because it is anxious that the parliamentary co-operation of the representatives of the people should be resumed at the earliest possible period. In view of the opposition of political leaders who themselves declared the February constitution partially impracticable, but who nevertheless demand the execution of that which, according to their own declaration, they considered unfitted to restore constitutional rights to the people, no choice re mains to the government but an appeal to the people themselves. It is asserted that Russia intends to appoint a consul at Lemberg, in Galicia, and that General Nerenzer will be nominated to that post. room was smoking. instead of ringing fur his servant he got out of bed himself, to make up his fire, and being several minutes walking about in his nightshirt during a very coil night, he caught a cold, which settled on his lungs, and he died stiiled, not having strength to expectorate. M. Cousin, the academician, the philosopher, the translator of Plato, is dead, at the ligC of seventy five. He was, during the greater part of his life, a Voltairean, but a great change is said to have come over him of late years, and the catholic church now claims him for her own. M. Cousin died at Cannes, where he had been for some time in a bad state of health. Marshal Serrano, whose mysterious disappear ance from Spain after his proscription by Narvaez has been mentioned, is hourly expected in Paris. lie is accompani,d in his flight by a nephew, who is one of his aides-de-camp. M. \'e•'a Armijo, once minister of Pimento wider O'Donnell, has already arrived in Paris ; and M. Bermudez de Castro, an ex-minister of State, who has safely reached Bayonne, will doubtless be here shortly. In spite of the intense frost there is a crowd of two or three thousand persons to be seen every morning at sunrise on the bleak plain of Vincennes hoping to see the execution, by shooting to death, of the two Corsican soldiers, sentenced to capital punishment for the Champerret murder. The Bourse was heavy. Rente fell 10c. for cash, and 1211 c. for account, closing at 69fr. 00c. in each case. Mobilier fell 2fr. 50c. This is the day of the general meeting, and in spite of the great ability which will be used to glaze over matters, the revelations likely to be made are expected with apprehension. Comptoir d'Eseompte fell ofr. 25c. The news of the subscription to the Spanish Loan brought out under the auspices of this society are far from brilliant. Italian rose 30c. LAW INTELLIGENCE. (THIS DAY.) COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH. f3ittings in Banes—(Before the Lord Chief Justice, sad Justices Blackburn, Mellor, and Lush.) Yrw wi ErA's cociren. Mr. Kingdon having been appointed Queen's Coward. wa•. this morning called within the bar, and took acconlingly. BATE': r. ?TT. Mr. Edward James, Q.C., acid he understate] tl:at in thi s mac which wed an action on n policy of ingot:tr.,. tLe Into Confederate cruiser, the Georgia, Mr. Ma IEO. .1 on. taileal a rule on behalf of the plaintiff for a new ti (Mr. James) was desirous of obtaining v. behalf of the defendant for a new trial, on t h e that the special finding of the jury was I ranted by the evidence. The application was nun.;. 1. , matter of precaution in the event of its necesity on the decision on Mr. Mellish's rule. The court said the feirn;leniinselmight take a rile ant the time for its argument might be decided en lace the first rule was called on. Rule accordingly. COURT OF EXCHEQUER. Sitting■ in Banoo.—(Before Lord Chiei Rerun and Lows Martin, Channell, and Pigott.) hLALIF NLADE. In this cue, wblcb involves the validity of the of the late Sir Wm. Slade, Bart., Q.C., and the of stwea salon to the baronetcy, and which has errata much interest from the station and position of the mirth.. The Solictor-General this morning applied 1,, tika lordships to appoint a day for the heanng of the ara . meats. In all probability the case would occupy f a y days. The application was made with the cement e Mr. Coleridge, Q.C., who was engaged in the ea, ti other aide. -- TheoOnrt ultimately fixed Friday, Argil 26. in Earn Tersu, fur bearing the cale. COURT OF BANKRUPTCY. (Before Mr. Commissioner Holroyd.) IN RE IN,LANI). This was a case of some peculiarity. The bankrupt L: carried on business as a Limy warehouseman in Lio:eak. bill, and this was his fourth bankruptcy. He Lad ha, fifteen months in prison : . . . Mr. Preece opposed on behalf of the oletainic; creditors. He and that no dividend had been pud under either of the bankruptcies, but the bankrupt, under cover of the protection of the court, cents aid fresh debts, and set his creditors at defiance. Al last be was arrested, and him lengthened impritomint arose through his having been required to complete de proceedings under his several bankruptcies. The bankrupt had also put his detaining creditors to unnecestary expecte by m. king repeated applications to the common law mum and the Lords Justices for his release. It was subnutud that the court would not listen to the application. After hearing . Mr. Reed for the bankrupt, The Comm oner said the bankrupt's antecedents teem such that be could not expect the least indulgence. Re must remain in prison until he bad obtained hie ditchnige under his present bankruptcy, when he would be catkin/ to be released in due course of law. Application refused. (Before Mr. Commissioner Window.) IX RE GURRAUAT. The bankrupt was a merchant, of Riches-court, Lime. street. He has been before the court since Reich, Pick and now came tip by adjournment for examination and discharge. The liabilities are returned at 11,937. ; with assets—good debts, 2,681/. ; doubtful ditto, and signment to hillllllC4l estimated to real'', ; property given up to the assignees, ; ditto in the hands of creditors. 9V. The bankrupt, with the sanction of the assignees, has been to the West Indies, to assist in the realisation of his estate. Mr. Brown, on behalf of the assign era, consented to w adjournment, to enable the bankrupt to carry out a new position for the _payment of a composition of 2s. iu the pound to his cre di tors. Adjourned for three months. THE POLICE COURTS. (THIS DAY.) BOW-STREET. TIIIINATENUIG • BROKSIL, Alexander Routh, • shoemaker, was chargv.l with threatening to assault Henry Glover, a sworn broker. After hearing the eviden . ce, Mr. 'Flowers ordered the prisoner to find one surety of LW., and give his OWL re cognisance* in IW. to keep the peace for six mouths. The prisoner was then removed. Ile observed as Is left the court that he could soon find bail. Shortly afterwards, however, he informed Redstall, tht gaoler, that he could not get a housekeeper to be is.l for him, but offered to deposit I.sl. to remain in cust.!T of the court for the sit months, and to be forfeited it b, committed a breach of the peace. Re said he had V. sewn into his clothes, and asked for a knife to c.t tau stitches and get it out. Redstall told him the nia3iitrat, could not accept a deposit in lieu of bail, but referee , the circumstances to the court. had known that the priaoan instead of beim in such distress that he could not pay hi, rent. had 25/. about him he certainly should have felt it his duty to impose a fine. t4LIDING IN TRAFALGAR-SQUARE. About a dozen young men and ii . eys were severally charged with sliding on the pavement on the terhae _ad in the area of Trafalgar-opuire. Some, who app,,red have joiued in the sport inadvertently, and to bee desisted when spoken to by the . police, were discharged with a caution. Others, who permated in spite of name. atrance, were fined from 2s. to 2e., but with the w.iriast that if these small penalties were found ineutficient, mut heavier fines would be inflicted, Lyon, if necessary, to tLe fall amount allowed by the act, which was 44W. It appeared that during the greater tort of yuteuls) lugs numbers of persons were engaged in this mingeroa , pastime, so that it became necessary to place a consi.ler• able body of police on special duty to endeavour to pat A atop to it, in which, however, they were but partially sue:enrol. No sooner was one batch of aliden disposed of than another commenced. THE "TIMES" Axn yn. BEIEHT. The issue in a pamphlet form of Mr. Bright's late speeches leads the Titnci to offer some comment. upon the political character and philosophy of the hon. member for Birmingham. While his fiercest opponents, it says, must always admit that in his own style of robust and manly eloquence he is without an equal, dispas sionate observers will see in him crude :old super ficial conceptions, partiality of vision, and narrow ness of thought. Being inherently a demagogue his influence is distrusted. He is habitually if not wilfully unjust, but still he does service in urging us forward. His main fault is in preserving uncorrected the impression of his early manhood. There is nothing in these speeches, there is nothing in his political career, to induce us to 'appose that he has modified one opinion or advanced one hair's breadth since the time of the Reform Bill. The ideal of representative institutions to which his speeches point consists of household, if not uni versal suffrage, equal electoral districti, and vote by ballot; and it would seem that he has never for • moment doubted the justice or wisdom of a creed which is founded entirely on the principles of Lord Grey's bill. In the years which have passed since 1A:32 men have discovered the radical defects of a scheme which, if realised, would destroy representation altogether, but Mr. Bright has been unaffected by this growth in knowledge. As be goes from town to town addressing meeting after meeting, he reproduces arguments which are of no force, except in supporting ideals of legisla tion which may be pronounced obsolete. The arguments are embellished from time to tine by quotations from the rhetorical poets; but they are no otherwise varied. This absetce of growth springs, possibly, from the impatience , which is the root of Mr. Bright's other faults ; but it is in itself • main cause why the men of the younger 1 generation are repelled from his side, aid his apparently studied ignorance of all that has been written apolien for the past thirty years on Reform justifies their refusal to accept him as • reformer and • guide. FOREIGN AFFAIRS. So far u ecclesiastical que3tions are concerned, the Daily Next thinks we may readily trust the Mondeur that Signor Totiello's conversations at the Vatican have been most agreeable and successful ; but it would seem, according to a letter addressed to the coorclain, that the the Court. OSBORNE, JAL 11. The Queen and Princess Louise walked in the grounds and rode on penny this morning. Prince and Princess Christian drove out, accompmied by the Dowager Duchess of Athole and Miss M'Gregor, and visited the Female Prison at Parkhurst. Mr. G. D. Engleheart was in attendance upon tLeir royal highnesses. Prince Leopold, Princess Beatrice, and Prince new of Prussia went out walking. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-ollke from the Governors of the North American Provinces, Bermuda, British Columbia, and Vancouver's Wand. PROROGATION or PARLIAMENT.—(THIri DAY.) — This morning the Lord Chancellor proceeded to the House of Lords, for the purpose of proroguing the imperial par liament, which stood adjourned until this day. _ _ It is announced that her Majesty will open parliament in person, and with the same state as last year. Thu Marquis and Marchioness of Anglesey have been entertaining at Beaudesert the following party : The Marquis and Marchioness of Hastings, the Earl and Countess of Winchilsea ; Ladies Constance, Mabel, and Hilda Finch-llatton ; Viscount Maidstone, the Earl and Countess of Uxbridge, Viscount and Lady Constance Mareham, Sir Henry sad Lady Sophia Des Vieux, Mr. George Tredcroft, Mr. Peter Wilkinson, Mr. H. Thornhill, Lords Henry, Alexander, and Berkeley Paget. - - The Earl and Countess Grey are expected to arrive at their residence on Carlton Hesse-terrace at the end of the month from Howick Hall, for the meeting of parliament. The Digest of Law Commisaion held a meeting on Saturday last, the 12th inst. There were present : Lord Cranworth, Lord Westbury, Lord Justice Cairns, Sir James Wilde, Mr. Lowe, Sir H. Page Wood, Sir George Lowyer, Sir Roundell Palmer, Sir John G. Shaw Lorene, Sir T. Erskine May, Mr. Daniel, Mr. Thring, and Mr. Reilly. A private letter from Malta states that the insignia of Knight Grand Cress of the Order of the Bath was to leave Southampton on the 12th inst.; that it was to be sent by the English government, addressed to lord Clarence Paget, and that his lordship, as soon as he teceives it will leave Malta and proceed to Alexandria with the fleet under his command, to invest his highness the Paeha of Egypt with the Order. Mr. E. Benies replies in the columns of the Times to the late letter of Mr. Lowe directed against the Reform Lague. Mr. Beale, does not admit that Mr. Lowe', sentiments have been at all misrepresented by the I League, and says that to their former protest, "they may now be disposed to add somewhat of scorn and contempt for the man who has not the honesty to either admit or withdraw from the charges ho has mule, and of wlikh he appears to be ashamed, but tries to escape from their con sequences by evasion and by reviling those who complain of his language. The Reform League are well content to leave the country to decide which has most to fear or endure exposure for falsehood—the member for the pocket borough of Caine, himself a living violation of that Con stitution the full benefits of which he would withhold from millions of hie fellow-countrymen by means of wholesale defamation of their character, or the League, which seeks both to open to their fellow-countrymen the doors, of the Constitution and to defend them from olumny and insult." A leiter from Rome of the 9th, says :—" The Roman hunt is improving in brilliancy. Last Thursday the day's sport was nearly marred by an alarming acct. dent. In taking a fence the Countess St. Julian was thrown from her saddle, but, her habit remaining attached to ono of the crutches, she was dragged some distance before her horse could be stopped. The injuries she sustained were not in proportion to the danger she incurred." SPAIN. MADRID, JAN. 14. All shipping from England, Franco, and Italy will in future undergo a quarantine of three days only in the ports of Cadiz, Carthagena, and Santander. THE NEW SPANISH LOAN. PARIS, JAN. 15. The subscription to the loan contracted by the Spanish government with Messrs. Fould and Co. proceeds so unsatisfactorily as to render it probable that it will prove a failure. HOLLAND. THE HAGUE. Itx. 13. The statement of the Wok that the Dutch go vernment had declared its unwillingness to submit the Scheldt question to the arbitration of French and English engineers, is officially denied. Tho Dutch government only stated that it would take no part whatover in the labours of the committee. REUNION AND MAURITIUS MAILS. MAUSFIT T rS , j AN 13. The Alcssageries Impilriales steamer Mimi', with the above mails, arrived here this morning at 2 o'clock. AMERICA. (BY ATLANTIC TELEG ILtPII. NEW YORK, JAN. 14. _ Notwithstanding the efforts made for the aban donment of the impeachment of President John.. son the radical numbers of the House of Represen titives strongly insist upon its being proceeded with. The screw steamer Manhattan arrived out on Sunday night. Gold, 135. Exchange on London, wog ; 5-20 United States Bonds, 101 ; Illinois, 120 ; Eric, 054. Cotton : middling upland, 344. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. DEATH OF MM. INORES AND VICTOR COUSIN. (IVAN OUR OWN 001111SPONDENT.) PARIS, MONDAT Rvisnro. Necrology is the leading topic of this day. France has just lost two eminent citizens, M. Ingres and M. Cousin. M. Ingres, the painter, died last night at the age of 85, after an illness of only a few hours. He was born at Montauban on September 15, 1781. He aas a pupil of David, and whatever difference of .pinion there maybe as to the rank that he should take as an aspirant to the highest class of art, there can be no doubt whatever that he surpassed his master. He ultimately took Raphael for his model, and laid himself out for high ideal isation and correctness often critistd as cold. Every one of his exhibited pictures raised a fierce controversy among art critics. I remember in the summer of 1865, when M. Moreau's " Edipus and the Sphinx " was, despite curious °centricity of manner, justly (as I thought) voted the best picture of the year, I had the privilege of passing half an hour with M. Ingres in his studio, where I saw the same subject treated in a manner, which if art questions were not always open to dispute, I should have characterised as indisputably superior. At that time M. Ingres, then aged 83, was wonderfully hale and hearty, he was strong upon his legs, his sight was good, and he did the honours of his studio with grace, ease, and enthusiasm. In 1855 M. Ingres, like his junior, Courbet, did not choose to have his works confounded in the general male of the Universal Exhibition. Courbet took a hall for himself and charged his one franc at the door for those (and there were many who chose to pay it) to see his pictures. But Ingres had in fluence enough to obtain a salon in the Champs Elysies Crystal Palace for the exclusive exhibition of his works. Louis Philippe made Ingres a Commander of the Legion of Honour in 1845 ; and in 1855 Napoleon 111. promoted hind to the rank of Grand Officer. He was only last year made a member of the Senate, by way of an extraordinary homage to the fine arts. French art loses in M. Ingres one of the greatest heads of schools of the century. The immediate cause of M. Ingres' death is stated to be an act of imprudent presumption upon! his prolonged health and strength. On Tuesday last he gave a musical soirée, at which several pieces of Beethoven, Hadyn, and Mozart were I played. After sitting up late, he found, shortly after going to bed, that the fireplace in his bed-1 VICTOR COUSIN. The death of Victor Cousin, which has been an nounced by telegram from Cannes,will be read with regret by all who have taken au interest in the philosophic move ment of Europe for tLe last half century. He may be said, indeed, to have died in armour, for simultaneously with the report of hi.) death comes the an nouncement that • new edition of his "History of Philosophy " has just been published by Didier and Co., of Paris. Victor Cousin was the son of • clockmaker, and was born in Paris, in 1792. He was, therefore, 74 years of age at the time of his death. After a brilliant career in the Lycke Charlemagne, he was sent to the Normal School, when) the lectures of Lam raigukre, Royer-Collard, and Maine de Hiram decided his vocation in favour of philosophy. At first he came out in the chair of the Sorbonne as an opponent of the philosophy of the 18th century, and he, devoted the whole of his lectures in 1817 tothe inculcation of the Scotch school of philosophy which bad been some time previously introduced into France by his master,Royer-Collard. lathe same year he took a journey to Germany, where be made himself acquainted with the philosophy of Kant, Fichte, Schelling. and Hegel, which he taught in his course of lec tures between 1819 and 1821. Suspended as a teacher at the Sorbonne by the reactionary government of the day, M. Cousin became tutor to the son of Marshal Lunen. After this he directed his at tention to Greek philosophy and brought out an edition of Proclus with • Commentary, in li vela., and a translation of Plato in 13 vols. In 1824 and 1825 he made a second journey to Germany, where ho was arrested on the suspicion of Carboesrism by the Dresden police, and sent to Berlin, where he was imprisoned for mix months. Restored to his chair in the Sorbonne by the government of M. Villele, he divided with IL Villemain and M. Guizot the renown ' which that @drool of education obtained at this period. The revolution of 1830 opened ri more brilliant career to Cousin. He war made a Councillor of State, mem ber of the Royal Council of Public Instruction, officer of the Legion of Honour, member of the Freuch Academy, of the Academy of Moral anal Political Sciences, Director of the Normal School, and Peer of France. But it is as a plilosopher, and not as • poli tician, that Cousin will be best known to posterity. It can hardly be said that he had any philosophic system of his own. He was emphatically an eclectic philoso pher, selecting from all systems what he thought best and most in harmony with the constitution of the human mind. But he evidently inclined at this period of his life to the transcendental opinions of the German school, and once used thus words (which he afterwards suppressed) with regard to the system of &belling :—" This system is true." He was accused of Pantheism on account of his leaning to the German school. But, like Schelling himself in the latter years of his life, he felt disposed to Laws ali philosophy on morals and religion, and it is said that he returned to the Catholic church, which he oer. tainly abandoned in the most vigorous period of his I intellect, M. Cousin was a very voluminous writer. His philosophical writings alone extend to many volumes, but in addition to Lis philosophical works he has written "Lives of Jacqueline Pascal, Madame de Longueville, Madame de Sable, Madame de Chevreuse, Madame do Hautefort ;" "Studies on the Women and Society of the 17th Century," besides works on public instructicm, re- views, and memoirs. Several of the prisoners said that they hat too clonally been sliding in the Park. The Magistrate remarked that there oonld be no °Vt. Lion to that, but there wee only the km excuse fur their TEE SOUTHERN PRESS IN THE UNITED I re-commencing in a place where it wee dangerous to Pet' *engem. _ STA TA& CLERKENWELL. ROBBERY AT THE LANGHAM HOTEL. The Mobile Advertiser is moved by the presenta tion of a gold medal to that true Southerner, General Thomas, by the Tennessee Legislature, to ridicule the general and the loyalists of Tennessee. It nays:—" If Tennessee herself had presented the medal, it would pro bably have been of leather, and under the words of Gene. rid Thomas, 'We will hold the town till we starve,' she would have placed the inscription, ' I'm sorry you did'nt.'" A paper called the Southern VentlietiV,r is published at Pine Bluffs, Arkansas. the editor of which considered himself to be expressing Southern opinion when he defined his position, only two or three weeks ago, as follows : " If so destroy a tyrant is assassination, then I would de stroy the tyrant. . . . When the news of Lincoln's death reached me. I rejoiced. When I learned that • man who never identified himself with the confederate cause, struck the tyrant low, I thanked God that He had selected an instrument from the heart of radicalism, right under the tyrant's guns, to deprive America of a radical tool. And when I laid down my arms, after a bloody struagle fur independence, I thanked God from the fulness of my heart, that Abraham Lincoln did not live to mock our misery." Many of the Southern papers are talking of • renewal of hostilities. The Chariest."' Alereuru. the pioneer of seces sion, tenders " to the martyr and sufferer who occupies the executive chair the services of the late t onfetlerate soldiei • to put down the traitors of the North." The Mohile Trees says in the same vein that " The South will resist with force any change in its present political status. The Pine 13taff Vindicator, in another article quoted above, says :—" Let us have no more servility by the press and public men of the country. Let us bear no voice coun selling submission, but all proclaiming our rights or war." The Memphis Avalanche continues its proscription of Union men in that city, and publishes a black list of busi ness men who were opposed to the rebellion. In • recent article it says:—" From this time henceforth and for ever, let every true Southern man, who was an ex-rebel, or whose son, brother, father, or kin was one—let hint avoid the business houses of Wolcott, Smith, and Co., and W. It. Moore. Henceforth they are famous. ' Smallpox,' or ' tarantula.' Either will answer." A n M'Sueenp, • aged 2 , , a laundress, residing 17. l'amden.street, Islington, was cl,lrged before 31'. Cook,: with having in her possession some articles of what the could not give a satisfactory account. From the evidence of Mr. John F. Howe, pawc'•rslcr. $3 and tiri, Itarnshury-road, it appeared that vest. r.' rh prisoner offered in pledge a towel, two cambric 1. red chiefs, and a silver cross. Finding that the too Inu marled " Langhlon Hotel," and that the handle, :chic:. were also marked, he asked her how she became po , e•-•e‘l of them, and she said she had had them some e, hur when he asked the fuitial ou the hamikerchiefs sSo 0 0 nut tell hint. In answer to his questions as to how -h• i became possessed of the silver cross, she s. • I 0 - .4 a friend who had gone to Australia had given it t•. h Knowing that there had men an extensive rol,l ep• the liinghaiu lintel he gave her into custody, aid "'• then said that she had been engaged at the La;;;h:e. Hotel and had taken the towel home with some hrnk victuals in it. At the station she gave a different v e rso': of how she became possessed of the property. The prisoner said that she was innocent of corm:atm:: any felony, as all the things had been given to her. The police asked for a remand to enable them to further inquiries. Mr. (244.11k0 remanded the prisoner, :ma refused to ••,' bail. MARY I.EitON E. THE TOOK AT THE WEST END. Th's morning there .ere :lout LOU able-bodied lahol.mi smiting outside the police court, at the magistrate's •s• trui,e. On the arrival of Mr. d'Eyneeurt the Apo:, sn (.f them said he had been to the Marylebone Vt ei kh for relief, and was refused. In reply to his worship and to Mr. Tubbs. a ovcrscer, the applicant said he did not apply It was another man. He could only earn 7d. a day -Pqa• breaking, and that would not keep his family. Mr. Tubbs said if they were willing to work tb. v all 1r supplied with stone tickets, by which th. v n Id earn Is. a day. Applicant said they were not allowed to can. much as that. Even if they could that would not • I pport Mr. Tubbs—They are allowed to earn the fifter , ..l , a • Indeed experienced hands can earn as much i•cr week. The Boston .4drerti.er of the 29th ult. says : "Gentlemen direct from military headquarters at Charleston and Raleigh throw much additional and startling light upon the negro-whipping question. It appears that in all country towns the whipping of negroes is being curled on most extensively. The real motive at the bottom of it is to guard against their voting in the future, there being a law in North Carolina depriving those publicly whipped of the right to vote. The practioe was carried on upon each a Hale at Raleigh, that crowds gathered every day at the Court House to see the negroes whipped. Besides, the sale of freedmen for slight offenoes is going forward rapidly in all parts of the state, and some of the planters in the eastern portion are boasting that the old order of things is practically restored for them, as they now own their gang and have them in good subjection. Mr. Johnson's setting aside of General Sickles's order preventing whipping and ,ale, is thus regarded as utterly barbarous, sa virtually returning the blacks to slavery." Mr. d'Eyneourt said no doubt if they were wii ink t" work for relief they would get it ; but it appeal:a they wanted relief without giving any labour in return. It w a hardship upon the ratepayers. Mr. Tubbs said they would all be supplied with Ivor.. d they only applied. Mr. d'Eyncourt said it had come to his koowle tar. when the snow was on the ground about soli labourers app lied at this work!uuse for relief, and ta y. r 2. olio-col half a crown a day to sweep away the snow. r lot of that large number only tla accepted the oiler, atl.l woe supplied with tickets, and even of this latter ultnavr did not go. He then advised all to go to the wol tho,e, as he could not assist them. Nice just now presents an epitome of the " t . , ,mat globe itself." On the Ist instant its foreign population consisted of 123 Germans, 200 Americans, 486 15,g1 , 5b: 3 Brazilians, 16 Belgians, 7 Danes, 11 14paniox , i4. 11 ' French, 2 Greeks, 8 Dutch, 1 Hungarian, 42 Italians , 7 !doldo-Wallschians, Turks, 11 Poles, 130 Russians , 3 Swedes, 21 Swiss—altogether 1,496. - HE ritARGE < POOR-LAN At I 1 o'clock t pf the inepectore un l uiey in the Ltuanbi sc ar Victoria-park, leg lect of duty peel he officer,' - - - • - ;speodell last Frid Mr. Alontsgue Wi l'pon the openini Mr. Montague Wi mxious for the ful Ito not only in so UC hh :tatus as a rouhl, therefore, pi timioner, witnewia be orimnion in nue/ ie had habitually p Matilda Cretnmo eoeaw.l woman ,Tetrge aphid Dr. :alio!. She rah' lecease.! was cm parish order for Lm at t o'clock A hali:lxtert Mosainghatu. • !Toning. slr: told hi nit oho m:.& no re loctor anid that T iio took the alcohol rent to her own he er sister eta, - WI tassingleini awl • klper. She askt,lll dying. lie re di on my tiAnd MULtiS. ! , The Connuiwionet ahe inadeltfr.3lassini of childbirth, ahotn night. She said ft was the case of cl 4 r I Inc case t.o far as nd stayed with he 'clock. About an lied and ordered n those-exionined 1 r. 111aesingham on as all over. She di. ketlicinu fur the aft that to give. Mr. hop, and could het Ira. and Miaa lL writing. The witness state t half-past 9 o'cloc ab. The cabman r 'ado out, he. would hen *mined on th, hat deceased was° he also mid, when [then (6.30p.m.) rril spoke of poise. 1)r 11, awl Dr. Masaite the day of deceased' prat 1" 11. Amelia Fox was lot a midwife but abe was called to th on ' . the2nd January. rely comfortable. bedinse deceased's ['aired, doctosed she was scut for egi for her breath. Wi Masaingham," and o'clock and told t from Mrs. Ferry. fightm.• for her bre That she was got honey, Mrs. Masai anything better ti mended her to appl the door for MI he could not come ham only said to went back to Al worse, and she ell mended. Deoeused Witness then, at little daughter to D at once as her mot ceased also sent Mn mialew no miAnk, -examined I years' experience al to Dr. Ilussingbam. when witness left at two minuted' wall street, so that if an could have called li people in deceaded came. The next m , Bingham that she we Mrs. M. did not door, that witness I thought Mr. Massin By the Commiss honey as a g*mgle. food Cu the :int of .1 the sage and hone practioe as a moot a dozen women h take to act as attempt was mad( her wine,or . .ere.ndy. going to die until al was not a drain o about the house. Mr. Williams ask Wa 4 not in work, to distress about? The witness stud distress in the hoax the house. She only the poor .•hildi By the Commis% the first day. Siw gruel. Neither Mr her sister said anytl was going to die Ull would not belwre Ann Ferry... girl she welt to Mr. Ma and of J.umary. H come and see her n " Fiddle-d. -dee. no bed yesterday, it II IVitivis began to er crying • it won't hi i By ti.e seen tic before. Cross.eNstaine.l 1 grrindnioth.r told 1 was pr. singhatii. was. fur he knew he: weoks before, whys fever. Witness hat tine. She never dingle! in er•il to 3lr Folly." (The de'7•iii "Mr. C. Hrtimin I Lotalon ing•in a post HIM trm( Slo• wi Thew were ia. :kY and chest, tho lungs wire gOrgo , l from its pruner posit was initimosh, and Of :oil.. sii.• 1.1 Joria I.esci .1. thei.• ..10 . Wel,: :Al lioakliy. Cie stalls r . e •dt throat. or Ili I.r. Uchi the , yloptoolis obw•ry the distended pi•riea: fiaininatiot.of tire rig than Is liwzr, ',fo r clays. It arose It pericardium. Mr. Willia•ax-- had not . aillg to 4111 \‘ " itllo,4 (11 , 411411 t Much to .1u with it. a case as est.iiial ap a case of the kind w )11. in. -If een•e•il nt woul.l it I, I'll Ulan to LAVE` n 1,1 'clock WI, 11 she Witness • `:o. No clined to conic.it deceased wn. to h IV WAS ven• gl she S , t istied she w , .u1.l I (The proceedings stage.] THE NEW PH" PruiellSor Robcrt , at l'uivet•itv of about j•eraom , . few tvonla of hitt limits and direction ethics and aathetio 44 tulY. After revi, P. ll Yteca, he said entered extrava.•:in around in tl until the phyeical although, of court The only satiefacti Pe7chobmEr, and tl !ciente. Whilst th ;Pore the subjectiv be maintained that and it would be co lulled cerebra pheu or the joke of being I