The Express. — London, England, 1866-09-10 00:00:00

ROYALPRINCESS'S THEATRE , . —SoleLeases and Manager, Mr. VlNlNG.—stanas MASON. — Doors open at halt-pad 7 ; petormancas ouanmessoe ate o'clock 1 1 ••• Rudy. —EVERY NVINING during taw week a new esti MrDrama, In Three Acts, by Watts Phillips, Set, entitled iUGUILNIOT CAPTAIN. Principal characters Miss Neilson, Miss Augusta Thompson, Mr. George Honey, Sad Mr. Vining. Grand Ballet ot Bohemians, in which Meenewn flageolet. Clodoche, Comic, and Normande will appear. New Scenery by Mr. Y. Lloyds. 1117ATIONAL ASSEMBLY ROOMS, 218, High Helkocw—This mairMileent and favourite establishment OPIN . ILVIMY EVENLNO. me grand band, wader the direction of Nr. WW Y Packer, performs nightly an entirely new selection of °Wade and dance muds Open at trall-paat 8 ; close at it Admission, Lk ONE of the institutions of London is EVANS'S . Sappers and a charming MUSICAL I.NTERTAINMENT EVERY SVSNING. After the theatres and Melton's Concerts bazars to sup then. JOHN BROODEN. OBIGINAL GOLD CHAIN MANUFACTORY, K HASILIWITA-STILEET, COY KNT-GARDEN. JOHN BROODEN'S 18-carat GOLD CHAINS. JOHN BROGDRN'S GOLD GUARD CHAIRS. JOHN BROGDEN'S GOLD ALBERT CHAINS. JOHN BROGDEN'S GOLD BROOCH CHAINS. BENSON'S WATCHES, 68 and 60, Ludgate -hill: 65, CM Bo6d-rtreet. Ehe OrPreoo* TO COILIMPONDENTS Advertisements intended for "Tiro Express," London Erasing o'V, must be at the Mee, 10. Bouverie-street, by Two ot i A on the day of publication. PRINC&4B'B. Tim Irma*, TILE 1165IYi:K01 CAPTAIN. and 0. Honey• MIS-SAS Neilson, Augusts Thomson, sod Mrs. Biblbs.—And QUIET LODGINGS. BETTAN!..IA. TRW wants, GUNrowUER ToM: OR, THE GIPSY MOTHEB AND HER SAILOR. SUN.—Mr. W. G. Row The Marvellous Martinetten, Mut,r E. Modal—And THE DEGNILIE.D'S CIiLLDREN. HIGH WA.Tilt AT tONDON lIIIIDGY. Tim Sh. Om. To-lEozzow—liomiug. 1k 17m Afternoon. 3n. Um. LONDON, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 10. Tam subsidence of the financial pressure has been necessarily accompanied by a rise in the value of first-class securities ; but in some of the most important descriptions only &partial im provement has taken place. As regards Consols, the advance has been almost uninterrupted, not withstanding the doubtful appearance of the weather and its probable effect upon a considerable part of the harvest. Several of the foreign stocks have also risen, especially those which had hitherto borne the least favourable reputation. The exces sive depreciation in bank shares--sure to happen in a credit panic-bas been replaced by a steady, although by no means indiscriminate, revival of confidence. The beat miscel laneous descriptions have also been in demand, while the worst have in no wise benefited by the reduction of the Bank rate from 10 to 5 per cent. It is therefore evident that the public are passing through that salutary stage of caution, which ordinarily follows unreasoning fear, and are soberly exercising their judgment in se'ecting the safest investments they can find, instead of re garding every one with universal, and therefore unjust, condemnation. But assuming this to be the fact, what are we to say to the present prices of British railways It is true that the low values during the crisis arose not from sales of actual stock, but rather from speculative operations. Bankers holding railway securities as investments invariably choose debentures, and with difficulty can be prevailed upon to take even preference shares except to sell again. The ordinary stocks they carefully avoid as a permanent holding, indeed when money rises above 6 per cent. are chary of accepting them as security for loans unlesawith a very large cover. The chief proprietors in our railways are found among the general public. During the pressure the latter have not specially suffered, as they did twenty years ago, when they experienced the bulk of the loss from the crash of the railway mania. Even in 1857 the injury to private families was in the aggregate much greater than now, after making full allowance for the misery produced by the joint stock bank and dis count failures. Hence there have been few amounts of stock brought upon the market compared with other periods of difficulty. This furnishes an ad ditional reason for prices rising the moment the monetary pressure was over. A general advance undoubtedly did take place, but it was entirely due to the repurchases by the previous specu lators for the fall. The general public, as they had before abstained from selling, again abstained from buying. As this result was contrary to all expectation, the natural—though Gofer slight—re action has followed. This hesitation to invest in railway property call be traced to several distinct sources. The first and greatest may be found in the continued creation of new capital. Hardly a week passes without the report of a meeting of some great company to sanction the issue of new shares, and the further use of the borrowing powers of the undertaking, or to approve bills for extensions and improvements, all involving a large additional outlay. There seems really no end to this sort of expenditure. Each company appears to vie with the others in spending the greatest amount of money the prsprietors can be induced to vote. Now, if the capital thus expended were raised in the form of ordinary stock there would be little more to be said ; but in the mass of cases it is re presented by preference shares or debertnres. Of course this plan succeeds very well in the first instance, but as often as the process is repeated the weaker becomes its efficacy, and the more p-e -judicial its ultimate result. People begin at last to dread the possibility not only of the ordinary stock receiving no dividend with so many first charges to be met, but also whether all these preferential payments can be sat'sfied. It need hardly be stated that these mis givings have been seriously strengthened by recent experience. One company, the Great Eastern, cannot .pay its preference share holders in full, and another, the London, Chatham, and Dover Company, bes'des its inability to pay, acknowledges that it has incurred an illegal debt by an over-issue of debentures. With such facts before them the public instinc tively shrink from increasing their invest ment. They find, in the first place, the dividend on the ordinary stock absorbed by the preference charges ; next, that the preference charges cannot always be paid ; and thirdly, that in purchasing a debenture, they are not sure of getting a security as valid as a Lloyd's bond, much leas a legal Par liamentary mortgage. It is reasonable to believe that the evil will bring its own remedy. For years it has been pointed out that the incessant and often unproduc tive expenditure of capital would reduce our railway companies to financial difficulty. It seems hardly credible that the directors of the THE EXPRESS, MONDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 10, 1866. various boards could be blind to the fact; but at all events they shut their eyes. Just as there is a certain pleasure in administering the affairs of a great kingdom and spending its revenues at dis cretion, so it must be equally gratifying to preside over the concerns of a great railway undertaking. The position in each case affords scope for diplo macy and ingenuity in the art of war, but also involves a terrible waste of money. When the shareholders are congratulated by the chairman that they have succeeded in obtaining a bill for a branch to some unknovin place, and that the bill of a rival company for the same purpose has been thrown out, he forgets to inform his auditory that the triumph has been purchased at a price that is worth the fee simple of the new line per haps half-a-dozen times over. In these maLers the directors have all the pleasure of the battle, while the shareholders must pay the cost. As long as money could be raised with tolerable facility the warfare was renewed from year to year, but there are now symptoms that it will be brought to a sudden close. Capital accounts are examined with a scrutiny which, if not more severe than of old, is at least more general. Shareholders are growing more independent and inclined to strike out a line of their own, and what is of greater importance, new preference stocks are looked at shyly, debentures are no longer placed with sem, and thus the sinews of war become rapidly wanting. A little severe teaching of this sort will do an immense amount of good. It is impossible to underrate the importance of the railway interest, representing, as it does, an amount of capital of the country second only to the national debt. The question whether railways pay well or ill is not one that exclusively concerns shareholders or debenture-holders, but is of material consequence to the nation at large. Partly from inexperience, partly from reckless extravagance, our railway companies have pursued a course which hos deprived them of that public confidence which they ought to have enjoyed. It is no new subject of consideration whether, owing to the utter misma nagement of our railway system from its birth, the majority of our railway companies could con tinue to pay dividends without yearly additions to capital. The enormous fortunes made by con tractors, engineers, lawyers, and others since 1845 in developing, or rather wrecking, this in terest virtually explain its prostration for the moat part, and the imperfect service it renders to the public, from the simple factthat anything like liberal traffic arrangements would in very many cases lead to no dividend at all. They certainly have done all this much better in France. We profess to have no paternal Government in this country, but it is beyond contradiction that our Leg:alature have interfered very prominently in the matter of railways, and with verycostly and injurious results to the whole community, whether a 3 •estors or travellers. It is more than time a w'ser system was pursued, otherwise we shall have Ws vast interest declining in credit to such an extent that, as of late, positive sacrifices will have to be in curred to renew debentures. "Temporary loans," es they are called, will only be obtainable at ex treme rates, and the ultimate issue will naturally be distrust of railway property as an investment, with diminished accommodation in one of the first necessities of the age. presentation, which makes the Southern citizen weigh I half u much again in the scale of the constitution as a citizen of the North. There was nothing in this which Mr. Johnson had not himself advocated, and nothing which North and South would not have speed upon at once had Mr. Johnson joined with Congress in recommend ing it. But Mr. Johnson failed his country, and threw himself into the arms of the South, his real object now being tbp restoration of the South without the guarantees the congressional proposal providei. The very reason which decided our sympathy for the Northern cause, and made us rejoice in the Northern vic tory, determines our best hopes and wishes to the side of Congress, which really represents all the best interests of human progress in the " reeonsta nation" strife which is rasing now. LATEST INTELLIGENCE. THE ATLANTIC TELEGRAPH. PICKING UP THE 1865 CABLE. We have to-day received from the authorities connected with the Atlantic Telegraph a full ac count by Mr. Deane of the scene in the harbour of Heart's Content on the landing of the shore end of the new cable on the 27th of July, and a diary of the proceedings in connexion with the recovery of the 1865 line. The Albany and Terrible started on the let of August. The Governor of Newfound land arrived on the Bth, and visited the Great Eastern, and on the following day the Great Eastern and Medway left to join their fellow la bourers. The great ship rolled a great deal during a heavy sea, but the rolling is declared to be very unlike that of any other ship. "It is a long, measured movement, unlike the rapid action from side to side in a smaller vessel." On the 12th, they learnt from the Albany that Mr. Temple had been grappling, and had hooked the cable. We have in the narrative extracts from the log of the Albany, bat the general character of her operations is already known. The Great Eastern commenced grappling on the 13th in very favour able weather. The machinery seems to have worked to perfection. On the 17th the missing cable was lifted two miles from its oozy bed, mak ing its appearance at a quarter to 11, ship's time, amidst a cheer which willneverbe forgotten by those who heard it. But the applatme had barely pegged away, when the fact became known that the cable had quietly and easily disengaged itself from the flukes and spring of the grapnel, and left those who witnessed this fresh disaster more depressed from this great slip which had taken place between " cup and lip." One half of the cable was covered with ooze staining it a muddy white. Upwards of nine miles were lifted from the ground. The long line was soon let dos n to fish again, and the Albany and Medway, which were near, went on with similar operations. On Sunday, the 19th of August, the Great Eastern reached the cable again, and it was buoyed for the night. On the 23rd the grapnel was again lowered. Two or three times the Medway and Albany appear to have been mistaken as to their success, signalling that they had hooked the cable when such was not the case. Acts of personal daring are recorded. On the morning of the 21st the Great Eastern came alongside of a buoy, which was found adrift. Steaming up to it, and having it towed by a boat under the starboard bow, Thornton, ono of the boatswain's mates, was lowered in a bowline to the buoy, which turned round with him like a top, and he was repeatedly immersed in the water. He managed, however, to hook a chain on to it, and at 11.30 it was hoisted on board. The riding chain bad broken at the angle. Some time before the grapnel came up with the cable on the pre vious Sunday, Clark, the diver, was extremely anxious to be permitted to go down 20 fathoms to see whether the grapnel bad hooked the cable ! On the 25th the store of rope had become les sened by two miles lost by the Albany and two miles by the Great Eastern. The cable seems on the next day to have been passed over again without being hooked. The grapnel was then low ered for the tenth time amidst general doubt and anxiety. The cable could be picked up and brought to the surface, but there must be a comparatively smooth sea to enable the cable-crew to handle it, and put the stoppers on, so as to bring it on board ship. On that day they learnt by a boat from the Medway that that vessel had broken the cable and set the buoy adrift, which was felt to be very bad news. On the morning of the 27th the Albany came with the welcome news that she had hooked the cable and buoyed it, doing it by the identical machinery and engine used by tho Great Eastern last year ; which, moreover, had been partly injured. On the 27th ult. the ship's bow was got on to the buoy, and the old cable was brought on deck, the dy namo meter allowing, however, that it was only a small piece that had been recovered. On the 30th the Terrible left for St. John's to take in provisions. The Great Eastern then commenced I grappling for the cable on fresh ground 100 miles to the eastward in 1,900 fathoms. On the 31st the strain on the dynamometer was such that it was apparent that the cable had been hooked. The rest of the story is thus told by Mr. Deane : The Medway signalled to us that she had also hooked the cable and slipped it, the fluke of her grapnel having broken. The strain was temporarily taken off the dyna mometer by steaming ahead a little, and when the en gines were again stopped, and the ship allowed to resume her position over the grapnel rope, the strain again indi cated was 91, showing that undoubtedly the cablo was booked. Away went the pick-up engine again, and worked away all night. By 4.50 tl"5 morning, the sea being as smooth as ease, the cable was up to 800 fathoms from the surface, and the strain 7.4 tons. At 5.20 we stopped heaving up, and slipped bight and buoy No. 12. Shortly afterwards we were glad to find the Albany in sight. Captain Batt came on board at 8, and told us that they had come to the rendezvous according to signal, but were disanpointed at not finding us. We had felt the force of a strong current sending us about three quarters of a mile an hour from the south ward, and so we missed each other. At 10 o'clock, the weather still being all that could be desired, after steam ing a couple of miles to the eastward, we have again lowered the grapnel, and hope for the best results. SUNDAY MORNING, 3.45., SErr. 2. We have succeeded. Untiring energy and perseverance have conquered all the difficulties. The Atlantic telegraph cable of 1865 has been raised to the surface, and in few minutes afterwards communication established with Valentia. It is impossible adequately to describe the en thusiastic joy which prevails on board the ship at the pre sent moment. Those men who by their skill have achieved this great success deserve well of their country. As I stated in yesterday's diary, the grapnel went down for the 15th time at 10 ►m. Save that there was • long rwell, as there always is in the Atlantic, the sea was like a millpond ; and as we saw the grapnel go dos a, we could not help remarking to each other, that the enumstances under which we were going to make another effort to recover were as favourable as they could be. In fact, it was felt that if we did not succeed on such a day as this there was very little chance of our succeed ing at aIL The buoys had all been placed accurately to mark our position, the Medway was signalled to grapple, and we were drifting as fairly for the line of the cable as if our course had been marked by a line on the water. From 3.45 p.m., when we began to haul up, the strain on the dynamometer varied from 9to 11. After dinner we received a signal front the Medway that having booked the cable she had hauled it up about 500 fathoms, We told her to heave up as rapidly as possible, and in fact to break the cable, so that we might have the strain taken off our portion of it and so increase our chance of raising it to the surface. To the eastward the effect would be produced by the bight we lifted yesterday and buoyed on the bight buoy. The picking up went on with its usual certainty and precision, and by 12 o'clock (midnight) the bows of the ship were crowded, not only by those actually on watch, but by nearly all the hands, who tamed out to see the result of this attempt to recover the cable. By this time the boats of the Albany and Medway rowed up under our bows, not so much with a view to assisting in putting stoppers on the cable, but to be there in cage any of the men who were lowered in bowlines over the bow should fall into the water during their perilous work. Precisely at 12.50 thi s morning the cable made its appearance en the grapnel, and, save when the voice of Captain Anderson or Mr. Canning was heard giving an order,. one almost could hear • pin drop, each was the perheet mileage whim& preluded. No exabssitat—so amebic as there was ea the Sands when we lifted it before—all was calm and quiet, the men scarcely spoke above their breath. The cable hands, having had the bowlines slipped over them, were lowered down o►er the hem, and pladd huge hempen stoppers on the table, which was Wally attached to 5-inch ropes, on e being placed to protect the eastward side of the bight, and tha ether the westward. This took the beat part of three quarters of an hour. It was then found that the bight was so firmly caught in the springs of the grapnel, that one of the brave hands who put on the stoppers was sent lower down to the grapnel, and with hammer and marlinspike and other implements, the rope was ultimately freed from the tenacious gripe of the flukes. The signal being given to haul up, the western end of the bight was ant with a saw, and grandly and majestically the cable rose up the frowning brows of the Grest Eastern, slowly poising round the sheave at the bow, and then over the wheels on the fore part of the deck. Even then there was no excitement, but now men were seen to cross the platform and touch the rope, in order to feel satisfied that MOONS had been achieved. The greatest possible care had to be taken by Mr. Canning and his assistants to secure the cable by patting stoppers on between the V wheel and the pick•ap machinery, and to watch the progress of the grapnel rope and shackles round the drum before it received the cable dealt This occupied s considerable time ; and now it became evident that ere long the end would be passed down as fez aft as the electrician's room. There await ing its arrival were Mr. Gooch, M.P., Mr. Cyrus Field, Captain Hamilton, Mr. Canning, Mr. Clifford, Professor Thomson, Mr. Deane, end others. At last Mr. loughby Smith, the chid electrician, made his appearance at the door with the end of the cable in his hand, and the connections hm:ng been made, he sat down opposite the instrument. A breathless silence prevailed. Not a word was spoken, all eyes being &acted upon the experienced operator, whose expression of countenance indicated the deep anxiety he felt in making the test. At the expiration of some ten minutes, he relieved our suspense by stating that as far as he had then gone, he believed the testa to be perfect ; but another minute had scarcely elapsed when he took off his hat and gave a cheer, which, as can be easily understood, was lustily taken up in the room, and having been heard outside, it wet echoed from stem to stern of the ship with a heediseas which every Englishman can appreciate. A rocket or two having been , fired from the ship to announce to our convoy that we had succeeded, the mews of the Albany and Medway answered our cheer enthusiastically. Mr. Canning at once sent a message to Mr. Glass, the managing director of the Telegraph Construction and Maintenance Company, expressing the pleasure be felt at speaking to him through the cable of 1865, and the ope rator at Valentia telegraphed back his congratulations. We are now going to make the splice, which will take about three hours, and are long we hope to hear the wel come sound of the paying out machinery in the stern of the ship. The weather still oontinues as calm as it was yesterday, and there is every probability that we shall be favoured with, at all events, some few hours more of quiet sea to enable us to slip the bight buoy, and proceed on our way to Heat a Content. (R!VTER'S TELZORLMS.) AUSTRIA. VIENNA. Sm. 10. The Minister of War has issued an order, accord ing to which the regiments of the Austrian army hitherto bearing the names of the King of Prussia, the Prussian princes, and the Grand Dukes of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Baden will no longer be so desi&.iated. OUR CONTEMPORARIES. (THIS DAY.) MR. OLADSTONZ'S SPEECH AT SALISBURY. If, the Times argues, Mr. Gladstone is right in asserting that the Reform Bill was not rashly framed, it was at any rate partial and in its scope imperfect. The very simplicity of the measure was an objection to it ; as it was ascribed to a concerted scheme for making parliament swallow piecemeal what it might decline to swallow whole. If extraordinary preparation was bestowed on the bill it was expended with very little success. It is true that the number of electors it would add to the register could not be regarded as extravagant, but still it studied solely one single class interest, separating the working men from all other classes and caring only to enfranchise them. It follows from Mr Gladstone's very assumption—that reform has now no open enemies, but only secret foes—that a well-considered, equitable, and comprehensive measure of reform could he carried without any material difficulty, and the sooner it is carried the better will it be for all interests together. Mr. Gladstone, the Daily News observes, has the right, by the position he so nobly took up last summer, to choose unquestioned the line of his personal action, and to leave to the people the exposition of their own interests. His words, however, will supply incentives to duty for all who are not restrained by responsibilities akin to his. While Mr. Gladstone abstains from out-door excite ment, he notes its progress and foresees its results. There is a feeling in the minds of the people that the sub ject has been trife I with, and Mr. Gladstone shows the tendency of this feeling to drive the working-classes into separate organisations. The mob of triflers who, as re formers, got into parliament in 185;1, and then upon the first occasion turned round and lau7lied in the face of the people, have done infinitely more to destroy the faith of class in class than has been done by any honest expression of Tory sentiment. It is one of the greatest services which Lord Russell and Mr. Gladstone have rendered to have restored faith in public men. How, after what wo saw three months ago, tho present government is to satisfy public expectation without a shameful display of political profligacy, is not easy to perceive. But the question will not wait upon personal convenience, and will not be laid aside by Earl Russell and Mr. Gladstone until a satisfac tory settlement has been effected. The Poe ciitieises both Mr. Gladstone's speech and the Reform Bill, and is driven to the conclusion that the present system of representation absorbs the best men available for the purpose, and that no extension of the franchise would improve the composition of parliament. The Herald accuses Mr. Gladstone's speech of being characterised by studied reticence and elaborate mystery. If ever a man was treated indulgently by thole who bad grave cause of offence, it was Mr. Gladstone in the late session of parliament. And ii ever an adverse vote on • test question could be justified by the merits and by the manner in which they had been discussed, the vote which displaced the Russell-Gladstone administration was that vote. The &ar loots to the establishment of a new era by Mr. Gladstones well-sustained endeavours, and predicts that in a year or two the men who at present so contemptu ously oppose reform will be eulogising its results in happy forgetfulness of their prophecies of evil. AMERICAN POLMCA. The agitation in American polities only surprises those, rem►tks the Daily New, who have forgotten the difficul ties through which the republic has already passed, or have omitted to observe the later course of its affairs. Not withstanding the praise we still hear of Mr. Johnson's statesmanship, it has become increasingly evident of late that, so far from steering the vessel of state into the smoother waters that lay straight before him, he has gra dually reversed the helm, and has been steering for the breakers. That those who on this side the water m os t loudly sympathised with the Confederacy as loudly praise Mr. Johnson and applaud his policy ; that he has rallied to him all the old pro-Southern element in the North and the seoesaion element in the South ; and that the loyalists of the South and those in the North who made sacrifices for the Union are nearly all against him, are facts which are sig. nificant of his present position, and strongly condemnatory of it. The issue now before the country is not between the original radical policy and Mr. Johnson's. The Congress agreed upon a happy medium. The conditions upon which Congress decreed that the southern representatives should be admitted consisted of the ratification of an amendment to the constitution, guaranteeing the civil rights of the negroes, the public debt and the past lees- Winn of the North, and redressing the inequality of rr IEOOB TOPICS. The Times reviews the career of Maischai in extremely unfavourable terms, even asserting that of twenty-five millions of Italians there is hardly one who has not been of more practical use to Italy. The Post is shocked by the mode of bathing which is common on our seaside beach. Abroad, as is well known, when people baths on an open beach before a mixed crowd of spectators they have sufficient modesty and decorum to dress themselves in a. fitting costume, and by this mesas ['lends and members of a family can all enjoy the luxury of • bath together IF ithoat the slightest offence to anybody's feelings. This sociable way of to ring • dip must be much pleasanter than our way. With us the idea of bathing promiscuously is looked upon as something highly indecorous, and an imaginary line is drawn between the bathers of either sex. HOW imaginary such a line is, we all know, for if the Where are divided, they are near enough to the parade and each other to render such • division wholly illusory. And when we add that the female part of creation alone have any dress we think we have sufficiently explained the state of the gentlemen. the Court. BALMORAL, Bar. 7. The Queen, with Princess Louise, went ont driving yesterday morning. In the afternoon her Majesty, aeoompanisi by Prince and Princess Christian, Princess Louise,Prinoeas Beatrice, and Prince Leopold, and attended by the Wien and gen. tlemen of the household in waiting, honoured the Braemar gathering with her presence, remaining acme time to wit ness the Highland games, and returning to the coatis at 6 o'clock. Her Majesty had not been to the gathering since 1859. Ceneral Peel had the honour of dining with her Majesty and the Royal Family last night. SEPT. 8. The Queen, accompanied by Prince and Primes- Chris tian and Princess Lonise,drove to Alt-ns-Guithasact, and rode on ponies to the Dhu Loch. Prince Leopold, attended by Mr. Sahi and Mr. Legg, drove to Loch Water. General Peel had the honour of dining with the Queen and Royal Family last night, and leaves the castle to-day. Despatches were received on Saturday at the Ooloniel office from the Governors of the North American Pro vinces and the Bahamas. Despatches were sent to the Governors of the Falkland Islands and Canada. His Excellency the Prince de la Tour d'Auvergne has arrived at Pavia, and waited on the Emperor at St. Cloud. --- His Excellency the Portuguese Minister and Countess de Lavradio left London for Lisbon on Saturday. The Count Rilvaa will act as Portuguese chargé d'affs , r r. The Duke of St. Albans left Radbourne Hall, Lincolnshire, on Tuesday last, to make a tour of visits in Scotland, and intended to be present at the great Highland gathering at Braemar. A marriage is arranged and will shortly take place between Lady Augusta Wyndham Quin, eldest daughter of the Earl and Countess of Dunraven, and Mr. Vivian, son of the late Mr. Vivian, M.P. - . A marriage is arranged between the Hon. Ernest Cochrane, commander F..N., youngest son of the late Ad miral of the Fleet the Earl of Dundonald, G.C.8., and Miss Doherty, only daughter of Mr. Richard Doherty. A marriage is arranged to take place between Captain DouglasWhitmore, Royal Hone Guards, of Apley Park, Shropshire, the grandson of the fifth Marquis of Queensberry, and Miss Louisa Cradock Hartopp, daughter of the late Sir William Edmond and Lady Cradoek Hartopp• The right Hon. Spencer Walpole relieved General Peel on Saturday, u Secretary of State in attendance on the Queen at Balmoral. . . Lord and Lady Naaa have during the past week entertained at Palmerstown, Naas, the following visitors : —The Earl and Countess Fitzwilliam, the Ladies Frances and Mary Fitzsilliam, Lord Cloncurry, the Hon. Jenieo and Mrs. Preston, the Hon. Edward Lawless, Sir John and Lady Harrington, Major and the Hon. Mrs. Burrows, the Hon. Miss Browne, Captain Chaplin, and Mr. Far quhar, Coldstream Guards. Sir John Pakington, the First Lord of the Ad miralty, has recently been the guest, at Kearney Abbey, of Mr. Joseph George Churchward, of French mail packet contract celebrity. Mr. .John Walter, of Bearwood, Wokinghain, late M.P. for Berkshire, left England on Saturday on a tour through the United States of America. Mr. Walter is accompanied by his eldest son. The Advertiser believes that the Rev. Leicester Lyne, known as Father %matins, is to be ordained as a priest of the church of England, the Primate and the Bishop of London having, it is reported, agreed to such a step, under certain conditions on the reverend Father's part. Mr. Lyne will, in all l'kelihood, commence Ws priestly labours in the poorer neighbourhoods of Shoredittb. It appears that in the race of the three clipper vessels from China that arrived on Thursday the Taeping was the winner. She was in dock at 9.47 p.m., while the Arid arrived at 10.15 p.m., and the Series at 11.30 p.m. This almost simultaneous completion by three vessels of an ocean passage of more than three months is one of the most singular incidents of modern navigation. The first of them receives 10s. per ton extra, the bills of lading of each being worded " w ith 10e. per ton extra if first sailing vessel in dock with new teas from Foochow," and in China there are also extremely heavy wagers dependent upon the race. As the cargoes of each vessel will now reach the London market at the same time, it became the interest of the respective consignees that the vessel with their special cargo should not get into dock first, as they would thus escape the payment of the premium of 10s. for a priority which can now be no practical benefit to them, while on the other hand the masters of the vessels bad every motive on behalf of their owners to strive for the victory, even by a single minute. A Berlin letter of the sth says :—" To-day the large synagogue which has been built here lately in the Orsnienburger Straw was consecrated. Most of the wealthy and celebrated German members of the Jewish nation were present, and many well known men who do not own that creed were also there, among others Count Bismarck. The Rabbi preached a sermon in German, in which he contrasted the present happier condition of his people with their persecutions in the middle ages, and con. eluded his discourse with the hope of the near coming of a common Messiah, at whose advent all manner of men would be drawn together as brethren. Then the whole congregation rose simultaneously for a prayer, towards the end of which the officiating minister prayed for Prussia Prussia's King and Queen. Crown Prince and Crown Prin cess, and, as it might be interpreted in the words of our own Prayer-book, for all sorts and conditions of men. The synagogue is said to be the largest and most beautiful place of worship at present possessed by the Jews in any part of the world." One of Meyerbeer'a daughters married last week, at Wiesbaden, the well-known German artist, M. Richter. The entrance of the army into Berlins postponed until the 20th. The troops who will march into this town and be feted here on that day and the succeeding will be composed of the corps of the Guards and the greater part of the 3rd corps d'arnsee, and will form a force of about 50,000 men. The standing army of Sweden, which has hitherto consisted of about 50,000 men, is to be entirely reorganised, in order to increase its effective strength. Switzerland is also about to introduce a reorganisation into her army ; Austria is already engaged on a similar task ; and part of the French press urges a reorganisation of an army which has hitherto been regarded almost as a model for that of other nations. SAXONY. VIENNA, SIPT. 10. The Official Gazette of to-day publishes a declara tion forwarded to it from Saxony which bears the signatures of 5,000 inhabitants of Leipsic alone. This document declares that the resolution adopted at a meeting held on the 28th ult. at the Hotel de Pologne, Leipsic, in favour of the incor poration of Saxony with Prussia, only expressed the opinions of some individuals, and that the Saxon people remain unshaken in their attachment to their hereditary Prince and the independence of their country. THE DUCHIES. ALTONA, San. 10. The commander of the Prussian troops stationed in the Duchies has received orders to reduce the regiments under his command to a peace footing. AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE CITY OF PARIS. (Vii Roche's Pont.)h NEW YORK, SEPT. 1, Igcnonsis. President Johnson and his suite are continuing their tour to Chicago, receiving enthusiastic de monstrations along their route. President John son has been entertained at a banquet at Mr. Seward's home at Auburn, when the latter intro duced the Mexican minister, Signor Romero, and said that he hoped by November next the Mexican republic would be delivered from the last vestige of foreign invasion. General Grant proposed Signor Romero's health, and the success of the cause he represented. Wendell Phillips, in the Anti-Slavery Standard, violently attacks President Johnson, urging Con gress to depose the perjured usurping traitor. General Butler has made a speech denouncing the President and advocating the exclusion of the south from repreLentation indefinitely. Delegates to the radical convention at Phila. delphia have commenced to arrive in that city, and at a meeting last night President Johnson was denounced. A strong body of Federal soldiers have been stationed as a guard at the residence of Governor Wells, in New Orleans, at his own urgent request. South American advice' received hero to August 1, state that the allied Republics have determined to continue a retaliatory war upon Spanish com merce. (BY ATLANTTC TELEGRAPH.) NEW YORK, Farr. 7, EVINIIO. Gold weak, at 146. Exchange on London, 154. Stocks firmer. 6-20 Bonds, 111}. Cotton, 33. The following telegram has been received by Reuter's Telegram Company (Limited), from Mr. R. A. Glass, Managing Director of the Telegraph Constructionaad Maintenance Company (Limited): VALENTIA, Sum 10. Newfoundland telegraphs that the Great Eastern left Heart's Content for Liverpool yesterday after noon. KINGS AND PRLNCES "ON THE RETIRED LIST." —A German journal gives a list of dethroned princes who now live in different parts of Europe. First there is Don Miguel, dethroned in 1830, who resides in Germany, having married a German princess ; next the Connt de Chambord, in exile since 1800, residing generally in Austria. With him may be joined the Orleaniat princes, who re side mostly in England. Leopold and Ferdinand of Tuscany, Frances V. of Modena, and Robert of Parma were driven from their states in 1859. The three first reside in Austria, the lad in Switzerland. The follow'ng year Francis IL was sent to increase the list of retired kings. In 1862 King Otho of Greece was driven from his throne. King George of Hanover, the. Elector Frederick William of Hasse, and Duke Adolph of Nassau have been just added to the list, which may further be augmented by the addition of Pi:nee Comm, who now resides in Paris, and the Prince of Angnstenbing, who lives in Bavaria." The first arrival of new foreign hops took plane this morning in five bale, of Bavarians of very asperior quality, and . of Ins colour. They were consigned to Messrs. Baker, White, and Morgan, London•bridge, and by them sold to Messrs. Crudest, Giodden, and Co., of the Ash Brewery, Kent, at 101. 10s. per cwt. We (Sunda" Gatette) have some reason to antici pate that, in the very probable event of Karl Conbey's resignation, Berl Stanhope will be o ff ered the post of her ita*ara antbassider at the French wart. FROM P. (non ova OWN coaassrosnser,) PARIS, Burma The Grand Duke William of I the reigning Prince (so far as under Prussia he may be called reigning) Paris with his young wife, the Pj Leuchtenberg. Thisj Princess's mother, Duchess Mario, accompanied is about to pay a visit to the Empress The French journals generally England, with the object of annoying doing her utmost to persuade the Pop e to Malta. The Avenir National, with I says : It really does appear that Mr. Odo Emma his best to induce the Pope to reti re inland. This diplomatist feels hie muse to a scheme' which is altogether his own, not see what interest the English governnest seeing the Pope in a country house in Matt♦ elsewhere. It is stated that the government works for deepening the bed of the F Rouen and Paris, which will cod 6,1 An eminent physician of old Cutesy°, has resigned his post at because after repeated reprimands undertake to visit his patients punctually regulation hours. The rule is that ' physicians and surgeons are bound patients committed to their charge every morning. The committee of charges against Dr. Casenave the first three months of this missed 8 visit. altogether, and that, remaining days of the quarter he only his appearance so early as before half•t 33 times he did not come till from half and that 48 times he came after 9 r' serious remonstrance made by five counsel, including Drs. Velpean and replied by a resignation, instead explanation. A communique to the El that there is anything in common affair and the resignation of Dr. ' illustrious physician of the Hotel Dien. muniqu4 would be more satisfactory , why Dr. Trousseau has resigned, instead saying that he regrets to leave " an adminisasta with which he has for many years had mod spa able and cordial relations." Although it is denied from Vienna that gi Austrian government ever intended to stripYsa of any of its works of art, a paragraph going round of the Paris journals asserts that Geri Lebceuf, the French Commissioner, has roads tig Austrians give up several pictures whisk ve packed up to be carried off, including marl duff d'auvre of Paul Veronese, Giorgiserog Albert Durer. It is stated the Porte is about to nevi Prince Charles de Hohenzellem as hcepode the Principalities, and that the settlement of es affair is one of the reasons why the Margit. Mouatier delays his departure from Celia tinople. THE INTERNATIONAL woßiman CONGILESS IN GENEVA. The principal question discussed st the mutat of the congress on Thursday Last, was the own& merit of the means adopted in England, From, sane many for maintaining the rate of wages. Mr. Lamming, from England, was of opinion Id 6. association should supply the working men ef eel country with the state of the labour market is it countries, with a view of disab" ng masters firm ispis their own terms on the men by the importation of bap workmen. A tailors' strike took place is lb burgh in 1859, and in consequence of the Ps 't e, tation of journeymen tailors from Gummy I Scotch tailors had to yield. The German Wm were then dismissed, and had to endure all the edam of exile. M. MrseL, from Paris, supported the propane* d Laurence. M. COULLIRT, sjuge de pair, thought %tithe enosi the antagonism between labour and capital should Mr vestigated. The chief of these causes was the es centration of capital in the hands of ato persons ' • it was necessary, therefore, to downers capital and the association should promote this vb favouring savings banks which would prevent the snip( labour from going to swell the profits of capitalise si enable working men to establish societies of pie tion and consumption. The general object of coped' societies was to make the workman a capiteist by ere of labour, economy, mutual aid, and morality. 110 ponents would be met on that road, and the sad mills gained without violence and injustice. M. DUPONT, a deputy from Paris, observed dat m operation was perhaps a good method for emassitent labour; but there was something more and more general for the uiociation to s and that was to draw up a statisti cal atcou c g° state of the labourer in each country, and to OA tilt account regularly. In England strikes were more sae ous than on the continent, and this was cased b legislation which placed the workman at the mem e vet master. It was above ell things ammo! that th men of each country should he acquainted with sista! 2. going on elsewhere. M. Towne also from Paris, said that in conseqemoi the state of the law in England, and the immense emetti ' the capitalists, all the efforts of the working no,. emanci pate himself consisted in defensive °reunions!' resistance by means of strikes. Things were &grill France, an d the working men of that ownflol more from association. Mr. Canoe (London) cited facts to 'how the English masters succeeded against their work importation of foreigners, or the threat thereof. Tioo' existed in the comparatively low wages of the Collie The English workmen, therefore, in their own Mot , should endeavour to bring about a general rise is lie to of wages, and this was the special object of the MP delegates. ai lli a:a KAsa t ll ( O i r ma the they Piece altogether by means of the pnaciple of ea10# 6 2, 1 / 2 which would unite labour and capital in the sum ier (German) contended thetbuirthathte Strikes wen a barbarous method, which was sot la! juriuus to those who adopted it than to those On whom it was used. Employ the money s p ent es loo°' in founding association. and you will do better. Mr. Yowo, a Swiss, who has been resided Yelp and the president of the association, said thatnin men were often driven to strike by the rool the masters. The English workman wee quite "MI the inconvenience and evils of a strike, but he as his only resouroe to resist the unjust deuiaadsi; master. There were now in EiKlatel a p a, associations, which rendered strikes Tel They interfered in the conflict between the peel men ; and the fanner, seeing the power that ono to them, were generally anxious to come to went. I p drc rec i le.. ur C e n d l ni t a w r i rr as of (P in w ari ag juri ea t to.as sa us i to d t y t h , li to &t e in fall a eu pe gt a rbar slo e ths wa :: o l strike was a last resort, but it was note real op principle of amelioration. What was wanoll.7 l o suppress the principle of wages altogether moll suppress and co-operation. rtr i. The Congress finally adopted the following —" While admitting that in th e actual state 0 , 7; 1 0 which is a state of war, workmen ought to leneefLe another for the defence of their wagw. tM clam that there is a higher object to be atn, er suppression of the wage-principle, and reeonr„,o study and practice of economical proiesess '••,- and reciprocity." wM Other of th queredon: iot i in discussed of fn the Catigr Re ,. went of Women and Children hi 00 'ries and Workshops," and " Prof _op I doe." On the first question all were unsaieeno_o_ji depshility of the redaction, but there wes:ent!..7o, opinion as to the means to be adopted kr_2= l 7 end—the English delegates inclining to 7;10 the adoption and enforcement of rola, fk oia) delegates to the principle of e° • 0 The delegates were all stro4 l 7 .l.ll° Ft - Thoilt‘ eluPloyment of women as it was aw n ,„ o o becanVellriliga":tifttinaitohaonPemldenfeslimilbtrrelaty onspocasiadceucatith,eortktud::::TO. the pupils would become—not artisans, but artisans. stymy ) f Baden, 1; 0 7 4 7; under the sh a d ow Ping) hat ani ft4 . ll the P r i now %is s's mother, tie by Count & Row Emma at Bunt e 114 14 rePrmeot annoyin g N ast, i the Pop e t o no sit 14 'with les oh o % Odo Ru em a ? retire t o the 0 4 ie amour prop *d i rr hie ow; f ee v , goverterneet m e t au : e to Malta twe e t k rernment has owl l of the Beene Mt% coat 6,500,0pga old standing, k post at the limplu k imands he would its punctually m e is that the heck e bound to see oharge at 8 e'MA nittee of morn a % *nave that thu g of this year 4 ted that, durigib o e ter he only ono* before halflat 84 4 l from half-milt (i after 9 o'clock. S i ' )7 five membered{, pear and %sok, 'eed of offering u u to the Brannent de* common between of Dr. Trauma, it o Hotel Dien. The em atisfactory if its* red, instead of me i ve " an adminimoi. i