The Express. — London, England, 1846-10-22 00:00:00

TAB,• EXPRESS, THURSDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 22, 1846. Now reedy, New Edition ft-wised and enlarged. eloth es. 6.1. RURAL CHEMISTRY : an Elementary Introduc tion to the Study of the Science. in its Relation to Agricul ore. rr 7:num.° SOLLT. LILA, F.L.A, TWA-, lion. Member of the Borg Aviculture] Society, EnglOWL—lismorre Chapter I.—Objeste a ditsatarr—Allsity—Nature of Combination end decompo.ition—Tie elweeseit•—fles air, its PoVernes sal com position—Oxygen and ni resulted' combustion— Ouhunic acid Ku. —Water, WA eleam—Effects of fruet—Latent hest—Composltice all Chapter il.—Cseiwn. lie ligrow--Colsontboutlon end dec iy—Carbowie — via 42 mama lb_tomsd'in, fermented/et, ire.—Natwn Wield blibigum. an damps, coal gies--Oewlgenwas A iellift—ollibibrallekts— gCarbonic odde—Nitres eseehlmul Ida Ityie=47 6.6 ,smeen ia Nitric act—Nit add, __,_.._._ e.d.....,...e5rw11ik Inid—lodine, surpasses —rmipairsods. BrOMillC—PhahOnflie ihillphOrte aid• Chapter lIL-Bags--Akidia• - . 1 : 0 _._ 111 •Us Ito 1 11 ” 1 " 1.1-Cadglude and nitrate of .ammawOW-igesa. coiataan sat. sulpha* ear. Donate and ailXilte ta t ;-whi---Aatigawas imrsionste, sulphas, mud riale- and Phospheats-na alkallma asatha-Liame, Its nature sad pro. yenta-Carbonate, u s, tilne-Maawsia, its CS/bollllte, %1119111140. arolial% awl Chapter 11%-lire/wag - I propertim-Alum, Silica, or glide acid-Silieataa .1 potash and vela - Glees-Silicates in the soil, In plants-The metal., their oxides and setts-Iron, itd mideo-Pyritos -Sulphate of Iron, or green vita4.l-.o°ld -Silver-Mercury-Copper -Zinc -Tin -NI anintriew -I.e id-Metall le alloys. Chapter V.-Ora - mg matter-Vegetable sutatandw-Lignin, or woody flbee-March, varieties of starch-Gum, soluble and insoluble --flora -Cane, and grape taw-Gluten, albumen, caseine,legumine, fibrin, g li a dine-Chemical chang“-Ferment.,t -Spirit of wine- Vractable acids-Vinegar, citric, tartaric, malic and oxalic acids 01..5, resins, gum resins, and co:ouring matterd-Inorganio consti tuents of plants-Animal substanoes-Albumen-Fibrin-Itioad, and muscle-Oscine, milk, and cheese-Gelatine -Fat- hones, teeth, born, he.-Protein, food of animals-Iligestin - Respiratio n-Cireu. WWI of the blood-Crine. Chapter Vi.-The food of plants -- n derived from the air--sources of oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon--Stertances derived from the soil--Sources of earthy . substances - Compasitice of soda, their formation-Deoompcsitien of silicates-Mechanical @true tare of soils-The saline constituents of 1,316--Orpulic matters in soda, humus, hunde acid , their use in doils-Germination, malting- Moigure, air, and warmth-Influence of light --(Ace of the Boots-Formation of of organic matter -Flowers, fruit, acc&-Organie. and organised matter-Vitality Of embrvo-Nature of plant of seedson the -Earthy subetances in plants -Effects of climate -.\ction s Mr. Chapter V 11.-lieteriorstion of soda, it. catwe -Mode , . of mainrotain ing the fertility of the soil-Theory of fallowing-Rotation of c Ammalps- Subsoil pioughing-Draining-Manure-Orgunie manure -- manure; coot:tins nitrogen-Results of putrefaction-Sulphuretted hydrogen--Ince of manure-L iq uid manure-Animal excrementa, guano-Modes of afltaing ammonia, by acids, by impauna Bar.- g ilang manures-Woof, rags, olla-Bones -§uperphosphate of lime-Vege table manures -aadrdust. eroweed Green munurea-hricat Inorganic munuree-Litne, chalk, marl, shell, sand-Gypsuin-Phos =h of lime-Agars-Burnt day -Soot, s ala-Balt and tiros. charcoal- 1 -odg liquor -Alkaline salts-Nitrates, common Chapter VIII.-Compositiou of particular crom-Commaition of Wheat - Bar l ey -O a t s -Rye- Maine - Rice- Buckwheat- Ltureed- Hempoord--01-weds- Beane- Per-Lentils -Vetches- Potatoes- Ba Batatas. Jerusalem ArUeboi os -Oxalis -Cabbage-Tannins - wl - ' - emnposition Potato—Carrot—vartam--te0em — ......... of particular manuree—Cow's urine—Horse clung-IV+ dung Human excrement—Urine—Boom of Oxen—Cots , —lioreee — P*• — Farmyard dung—Guaoo—Wwd asbee—Litiviatod aabee—Peat ankles —Kelp. Publiabed at the save 01 Tea " 0•102311:111 CIIZONICLa, arm ea umeLTOILIIL 4:l4eneele 4 uprar HienetonAlveet. Creent-muelen. Alz fr_ i greISIS• MAILS. The overland cloned mails, via Marseilles, will be made up o es, to the Mediterranean, the Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, n evening of the 2ich October. The mails for Curunna, Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, will be made up on the morning of the 27th October. The mail+ for New South Wales, Van Ineman's Land, will be made up on the slat October. The West Duni mails, Including those for Mexico, Gondola., and Havana, will be made up on the morning of the 2nd November. Ttr! tiverlurt mails for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian lolanda, Aden. Cevine, India, Hong-Kong , and China, rtestioutuampton, :rtt: made up on the morning of the 3rd November. TO CORRESPONDENTS. We cannot notice, in any way, any communication that In sent to us anonyinuudy ; but those who choose to address on In confidence will ltnd their coutlikince respected. NEITHER CA N WE UNDERTAKE TO REIT RN ANY MANUSCRIPTS WHATEVER. •••• Advertisements intended for The Erpreu, Landon evening paper, must be at the °Mee by Two o'clock on the day of publication. lITOII WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE. Tins DAY. Mornins, 49 min. put 2 ; Afternoon, min. put 3. TO4IIOIIWW. — Mot wag, 21 min. put 3; Afternoon, 39 min. put 3. LONDON, THURSDAY, OCT. 22. IT is well that the landlords of Ireland should be awake to the fact that the present crisis is their Philippi. The battle between Irish capital and Irish labour must be fought out somehow or other. The imperial Legislature is willing, as in duty bound, to strengthen the hands of local activity and benevolence. It recognises the awfulness of the crisis, and holds out its aid to forward the altered system which must inevitably grow out of the present suffering. If those who hold the fee simple of the soil are backward or incapable, the Legislature has two alternatives. It may, after doing its beet, leave the sufferers to their fate ; or it m iy usurp the functions which their natural supporters and protectors prove themselves inadequate to fulfil. Public opinion in England would more heartily support the executive in the latter course than excuse it for taking the former. We express no opinion in favour of any panacea that has been suggested for the present suffering. Each has something that may be urged in its favour respectively. But that any would prove in itself effectual, we see no reason to hope. Good may grow out of the discu s =sion which each provokes as it ap pears. The description of the mischief calls forth not only the prew:ription of the would-be regenerator, but the justification or excuse of the indignant land lord. The three statements of wrong, remedy, and reason should be taken together, and, so used, may bring to light something which gives due weight to all, and educes measures more comprehensive than would follow from a consideration of any of the three separately. Take, for instance, the proposed fixity of tenure. The advocate for this maintains that the wrong is in the insecurity of a system which, by allowing the landlord to raise the rent at pleasure, dis inclines the tenant to invest capital in im provements of which he cannot hope to reap the profit. Hence follow slovenly cultivation, and a pro duce insufficient to feed a rapidly increasing popula tion. The remedy suggested is to give the tenant a permanent interest in the soil, by an operation vary ing in the hands of different advocates of the scheme. The landlord calls all such plans confiscation or robbery. He confesses that the soil is ill cultivated, but attributes this to the sub-letting system, which was introduced under long leases, granted by his pre decessors, and which he had no means of preventing, and can only remove by wholesale ejectment, against which humanity and self-preservation alike protest. He does not consider the awful law of human responsibility, "the fathers have eaten sour grapes and the children's teeth are set on edge." Consequences are not co-extensive with con duct. It may be true that the blame rests with his forefathers. It in nowise follows that the suffer ing may not fall upon him. The diseases of a profli gate father are transmitted to his innocent children. The neglect of an improvident landlord may be visited upon his representative even in the third generation. ' It is the duty of the Legislature to readjust the balance no matter when disturbed. It is no doubt its duty, at the same time, to stave off, as far as it can, the mis chief resulting to those personally free from blame. It acted on this principle in the negro emancipation. All the pleas urged by the Irish landlord might have been, and were, put forward by the West India planter. The Government boldly and justly disre garded them, and obeyed the voice at once of duty and enlightened policy. We do not mean to assert that there is any apparent intention of their taking an analogous step in Ireland. But we maintain that if they did, they would be justifiable on the highest and most unassail able grounds. Mischiefs done must be repaired. It is better that they should be repaired by private efforts than by public interference. But repaired they must be, and the recurrence of them prevented. The Irish landlord must show himself cognisant of the causes of present misery, as well as acutely sensible of its intensity, and benevolently ready to relieve it. The experience of the last two years seals the question of Ireland's future dependence on the potato ground. The pro prietor of the soil has not only to avert the conse quences of blight, but to pave the way for relieving the country in future from its miserable trust in one, and that the poorest, description of human food. He must show himself capable of doing this, simply because it must be done. His continuance in his present position depends on his exhibiting such capability. The imperial treasury cannot be subjected to con stantly-recurring claims to meet Irish distress. It may be said that the Legislature is to blame for Irish misery, and should, on our own showing, bear the consequences of it. But the Legislature represents or should represent the national intelligence of the time. It will, it must repair the consequences of its previous injustice and folly in Ireland. It will do so by the aid and agency of the Irish landholders, if they will perform their part of the duty. It must do so with out them, if they refuse; or prove themselves not only unable to act, but determined to mar and neutralise the action of Government. These considerations should be present to all Irish landed proprietors in their presentment sessions, on their estates, in their relief co mmittee-rooms. They must no longer lie like the ploughman of the fable, with the cart in the quagmire, supinely calling on JUPITER to help them. They must put their own shoulders to the wheel, or JUPITER will certainly re lieve them of their trouble by taking the conduct and ownership of the vehicle into his own hands. Deplo rable as such a necessity must prove to the few, their sufferings would fairly be postponed to the good of the many. In this position of affairs, it is obviously the duty of all intelligent Irish proprietors to grasp earnestly at all government helps. Jobbery will, of a cer tainty, be fatal to the jobber. The time for jobbing is post. England has been, for the first time in her national history, awakened to the real misery of the sister country. She protests against its continuation. The duty of the Irish proprietors as a body is clear. They are bound in the first place to provide employ ment. No matter what proportion the expenses of employment may bear to their rentals, they must find it. But this done, let them, for their own sakes, in townships, in baronies, in counties, in provinces, discover and declare the evils, if such there be, which incapacitate them from applying permanent remedies to Irish ills ; and demand, firmly and temperately, from Government, legal machinery for ridding them selves of these impediments to real improvements. If the laws which shackle the transmission of landed property be too cumbrous, let them insist on the sim plification of those laws ; if life be insecure, let them insist on means for its protection; if political inequa lities keep alive feud and bitterness, let them combine for their removal ; if there be unoccupied and waste lands capable of affording sus t e nance to the increas ing population, let them Zake steps for bringing these into a fit state for that purpose. Their hardest task will be to convince the intolerant, the light-minded, the ignobly mean of their own body, that this is a crisis which involves, not only their well-being, but their existence in their present position of landholders. These burdens of the soil must be taught, that, if they will not do their ap pointed work of duty, the State will, do it for them. Once awaken this class to co-operation, which can only be done through their selfish fears, and Ireland may be saved through the aid of her own sons. Comply with the inertness, flatter the prejudices, acquiesce in the policy of this suicidal race, and you involve yourselves in the ruin that they draw dowl upon their order. The " lie" of Ireland has come to the solid ground of starvation. It can go no further. It must be turned into a truth, or cease to exist altogether. It is true your work is a formidable one. The more reason for girding up your loins to begin it. Every year it remains unperformed, adds mountains to the weight of it. Once set a-going, it diminishes itself ; like the slave's bread-basket on tha march, which was the heaviest when the train set out, but the lightest before the journey was accomplished. THERE is one passage in Dr. CHALMERS'S address on education, religious and secular, lately delivered in Edinburgh, and to which we adverted yesterday, that will be read with a melancholy interest : , - "There in one thing personal to myself which I beg leave to state, and that is, that I am under the physical necessity of declining to make any public appearances in all time coming. This in about the last time that I will ever address suck an assembly. My reason for dating this Is, that the moment it was heard that I was going to address a meeting in this place, many proposals were made to me to , address meetings elsewhere. I have been requested to repeat the lecture to a meeting to be held in the Leith Mechanic: Institution. I hope It will be understood that I have not phrisieil strength to address assemblages here and there. no the task Unfits and unnerves me to? work for days after. This is the last time I will address any meeting beyond the limits of the West Port, which I regard as my peculiar province." Such intimations, however much in the ordinary course of events, nay, however looked for, always come with something of a shock when made at last. 1)r. CIIALMERS'S life has been one of intense labour; much of it in the public view; but the far greater part of it unknown, and inconceivable ex cept by the communities who have been the object of his care, and the most kindred spirits among his fellow-labourers. And this, which he declares to be almost his last public appearance, is perhaps the greatest, the most impressive, the most effective of them all. The most marked characteristics of Dr. CHALMERS are expansive benevolence, an intense craving for active employment, and unequalled tenacity of purpose. If not always a subtle, or strictly accurate, he is a powerful and close reasoner. Without so much imagination as he at one time got credit for, without much play of fancy or spon taneous variety of imagery, his elevated and impas sioned tone of character, while beating about in search of language adequate to convey his ideas, habitually breaks out into bold and striking meta phor. But with him discourse has ever been subservient to some practical end to be attained. His Christian and Civic Economy had less of appa rent floweriness than his Astronomical Discourses; his later published sermons less still. His recent discourse on education, without any appearance of constraint or affectation, is plain, even to homeliness. Bat, for that intense earnestness of purpose and play of illustration, which are the soul of eloquence, it is unsurpassed by any discourse he ever delivered. And its object—to raise the poor and ignorant in the scale of humanity, by developing their reasoning and religious instincts—is the same he laboured to promote by the machinery described in his Christian and Ciric Economy ; and the machinery itself is the same. _ _ Dr. CHALMERS has sometimes been accused of in consistency. To those who look no deeper than the surface, there is matter in his career to render each an accusation plausible. At his outset he courted the Evangelical Dissenters; in the voluntary contro versy he was one of their most powerful opponents ; at one time, in his zeal for Establishments, he lectured in London under the patronage of bishops, a passage from the Book of Common Prayer having been pre viously read; and latterly he seceded from the Scotch Established Church on an extreme point of Presby terian discipline. But the discourse which has prompted these remarks is a key to all such seeming contradictions. Alluding to the Evangelical Alliance, he expressed a wish that its members in Edinburgh would set practically to work in combination, to promote the religious and general education of the inhabitants. " If that were done, a more actual and eubstantial union would already be begun among us, than if we had laid our hands to a basis of doctrine con sis ting of twenty or thirty articles. I like the work to come first, and the basis after. I look upon the element of love as an element of life ; and if we engage in a common work, and thus recog nise one another's Christianity, we will not be long in finding out what Christianity is." - - In the same spirit, speaking of promoting a sense of religion, he had previously said : " It is extremely provoking when people spend time in contra verity about the ways. Take your way, and let me take mine. That is the proper method of going to work. There are twenty ways, in all of which good may be done. Well, then, let as betake ourselves to our several ways. Let no take care that we have the guidance of principle for our methods, and the resalts can be tested by the light of experience. Why suppose that, while some of the starving High. Linden in the Hebrides are perishing of hunger, we should fall into a controversy about the method of providing food, whether it was better that provisions should be transported to them in boats or ships." Caring only for essentials, whenever Dr. OvumEßß saw, or believed he saw, any one having the same great ends in view, he has ever been ready to extend the hand of fellowship to him, and co-operate with him. Judging of others by himself, as all great men are too apt to do, he may at times have awakened hopes of " converting " him, in little minds incapable of con ceiving his large tolerance. But there has, from first to last, been neither doubt nor wavering; and in the ripe and mellow intellect of his old age, we doubt not that many prelates, with whom he has come in contact, share in the affectionate reverence with which to his last:6s6.oam he spcnki of two vene rable balers et the Secession Chutch. The great practical yalae of the discourse on educa tion consists in its efficacy as a stimulus to action within a sphere corresponding to the powers of each individual. lie illustrates admirably the truth that the educated, the ruling class, must not expect the ignorant to come to them for oda cation : they must in the first instance go among those who need instruction, and urge them to receive it. " The more the people are sunk in irreligion or ignorance, the more careless they arc about eithet knowledge ou the one hand, or religion on the other;', and if we trust to a mere attractive power, and say, here is an institute, the door of which is open, where schooling may be had for your children, or where you ray all hear divine service, it will turn out a miser able failure." The truth is, as the doctor remarks, that these institutions are generally frequented by I their founders ; by those who peed them least ; and that, among the considerable number of that class, we are apt to forget the far greater number who do not come to them, but who need them. On this ground he advocates what he calls the local or " territorial system." " What I want is to send forth an influence that will go to the very bottom of the scale of society ; that will pervade all gradations and all ranks. Now this I cannot do without the assump tion of a given district within certain limits..... I do not like a scheme for the whole of Edinburgh. I do not aspire to anything so magnificent, ask so completely above the strength of my solitary arm. I would rather overtake thoroughly a small under , taking, than I would attempt a great undertaking ha which I must completely fall short of anything like satisfactory execution." He illustrates this princi ple by alluding to the very different degrees of swam which have, as yet, attended the Ragged Schools et London, where the teacher's labours are not confined tea district, and his own school at the West Port. °We began about two years ago. It was a very ragged school at the outset, and I admit that we had e very rough and raw material to deal with; bat I have the happiness of saying, that at the end of two years it is a ragged school no longer. Not because the ragged have given place to the more decent, but because the ragged children assembled in our schools, and attended to by our agents, and signalising them selves by their acquisitions in knowledge, were made the subject of a public once-a-year's examination, at which the respectable classes of society were invited to be present. All this operated with a reflex influence on the feelings of the scholars themselves, and on the feelings of the parents; and the parents put forth an honourable exertion in the way of clothing their children decently." But while enforcing this concentration of individual exertion ca such a limited space as merely human power may effectually cultivate, Dr. CHALMERS hails with joy the prospect of national co-operation to ensure agencies like those he has described to every nook and corner et the land : " There is at present a problem, or question, which is exercising our legislators and ow statesmen. They are going to devise something like a method of education. All are becoming awake to the subject. Our population have been miserably neglected during the last half, or perhaps the whole at I the last century, and the consequence has been that they have fallen into such masses of irreligion and ignorance as people had no conception of until thew was instituted a statistical survey upon the subject." It is in this spirit that the great task of national education should be approached. In the spirit at universal fellowship which is ready to co-operate with all sincerely intent upon the same task ; in the spirit of resolute personal exertion in a sphere commensu rate to one's own powers; in the spirit of thankfnl ness for the assistance that may be derived from the extension of the great principle of organised co-opera tion. They who shrink from the term " state educa tion " allow themselves to be scared by a misconceived phrase. "The State" or " the Government "is no longer in this country opposed to " the subjects " or "the people." The Government with us is the active and intelligent portion of the community—is the people. Promotion of education by the State means its promotion by the organised people. The diffusion of such a Catholic and comprehensive spirit, as inspires Dr. CHALMERS, would render an organisation to this end easy. In his writings he has thrown much light upon the means of organising society for the diffusion of instruction; by his practice he has shown how much of individual local exertion is required to render the organisation efficacious. In this experimental course he has learned the practical wisdom with which his last discourse is replete, and the simple eloquence which gives it force. If it is to be his last, it is worthy a man who will be better appreciated by the generation which will look back to him, as having had so large a share in giving form to its intellect and character, than even by those contemporaries whose love and veneration his earnest sincerity, un bounded cordiality, and playful unassuming cheerful ness, have so entirely gained. IT was high time—and perhaps a little more—that the late Governor of the Cape Colony should be superseded. According to the last arrivals from the Cape, the Governor, the Lieutenant-Governor, and Sir ANDRIES STOCK ENSTROM, had concentrated their forces in a mountainous district of Kaffirland. The Kaffirs avoided a general engagement ; and in the skirmishes which ozcurred. their loss was always greater than ours. But the British forces were iso lated ; the Kaffirs were burning the grass in all directions; the troop horses, deprived of forage, were about to be sent back to the Fish River. Between Fort Beaufort (in the rear of the forces invading Kaffirland) and Graham's Town, nearly fifty miles of frontier were entirely exposed. Through this gap, innumerable bands of Kaffir marauders had slipt into the colony. The convoys of cattle for Fort Beaufort from the Tarka and from Somerset had been intercepted by these bands, sometimes:fifty miles within the colony, and driven across the fron tier. The cattle of the settlers and of the commissariat were driven off with impunity from beneath the walls of the fort. Again, between Graham's Town and the Great Fish river, the whole country was unsafe for travellers, even when in considerable num bers. Immediately before the despatch of the latest intelligence, some of the sharpest fighting that had occurred between the invaders and the burgher troops had taken place in that quarter. This was the state of affairs in the beginning of August, the dead of winter in that latitude; and the collective wisdom at the head of the isolated forces in Kaffirland was understood to be entrenching a camp, with a view to go into winter quarters there. In this state of affairs the South African Commercial Adrer tiger—the unflinching advocate of Sir PEREGRINE MAITLAND (or more properly of Sir ANDRIES STOCK ENSTROM)—tries to console the colonists after the fol lowing fashion : "These most painful and hamming event% together with the scarcity of proviaions and the growing distress, base cast a gloom over the minds of men, which nothing but some decisive advantage, speedily gained by we r eoops,bvten or disperse. In the war of 1833, things also y gloomy just before its termination ; and to strike the last w the troops were assembled on the same spot, while the marauding parties of the enemy were carrying off cattle and sheep all along the line from Vs'interberg to the sea. In the latter end of August and beginning of September, eight months from the commencement of the war, after the trace of the 14th of August, and while ne g otiations were going on at Fort Wilshire, no kw than 2,000 head of cattle, besides horses, were swept into Curse land. Among these were 200 heed of slaughter retie, th e property of a contractor, on their way from Cradock to Kat River. A large herd of cattle was about the same time taken from a farm situated west of the Kowie ; and 130 head were curried or from within four miles of Graham's Town. At Burnt Kraal, four mike north of Graham's Town, a large Bock of Merino sheep were driven oft; but recovered on the 12th of September of that year. The peace was announced in General Orders, dated 18th of Stptember ctere ty nine months after the conenseneeinnot of hostilities. - _ _ True ; but the experience of 1835 ought to have taught the men now at the head of affairs to avoid the errors and delays of that year. It does not neces sarily follow that, because the same blunders have been made at the outset, the same talent and energy will repair them at the close. It was high time that a now governor should be sent to succeed Sir PEREGRINE MAITLAND ; but is an accomplished and successful diplomatist exactly the character suited for the time and place? Though a soldier by profession, Sir HENRY POTTINGER bus for many years been almost exclusively engaged in civil employments. Would not Sir HENRY Storm, so intimately acquainted with the Kaffir' and their country, and whose energetic promptitude brought the war of 1835, with these very people, to a close so soon alter he was called into action, have been a more appropriate appointment? EXPRESS FROM PARIS. We have received the Path journals of Tuesday, with our private correspondence. The Anti-Free-trade Association, under the presi dency of M. Odier, peer of France, has applied to the Minister of the Interior for authority to hold public meetings. The sums withdrawn from the Paris Savings' Bank during the week ending Monday, October 19, amount to 928,692 francs ; the new deposits to 698,23.5 francs. Eight Spanish refugees (says le Droit) were arrested at Lyons, when embarking on board the steam-packets plying on the Rhone, on their way to Spain. They had no passports, and had secretly left the residences assigned to them. The Marseilles mail of the 16th arrived in Paris one day later than usual. There was a violent storm on the evenings of the 17th and 18th, and the rising of the Loire carried away the suspension bridges of Saint-Just, d'Audrezieux, and Montroad. Several houses were washed down, and it is said that many persons perished at Andrezienx. The communication was interrupted at Belbigny (on the road from Paris to Marseilles) and the plain of Forez inundated. I I The municipal body of Le Mans has resolved that tickets shall be given to the indigent, by means of which the loaf of 6 killogrammes shall be only charged 1 franc 60 centimes whilst the tax shall not exceed 2 francs, and 1 franc 70 centimes if the tax exceeds 2 francs. Reliance is placed ou voluntary subscriptions to reimburse the bakers for the differ ence thus lost. The council, besides, intends to form ateliers de charnel. A very interesting discussion took plebe on Monday, in the Academic, at Paris, as to whether a star seen in 1831, by M. Watermann was, (as some persons assert) the planet which M. Leverrier has discovered by his analysis. MM. Arago, Leverrier, Poinsot, and Libri took part in the conversation. Pans, Ocr. 20.—C1ors Arlkentsqw, for money.—Fige per Centel., 117 75; Four per Cents., 108 75; Three per Cents., 82 70; Shares of the Bank, 3480; Bottle de Naples (Eothschild), 102 10; Roman loan, 1021 ; Belgian Five per Cents. (1840), 1901; Ditto, 1842, I'2; Ban. don Runk Shares, 515. Exchange on London, 30 days, 25 621 ; three mouths, 23 30. The Fire per Cents. closed fur the amount at 117 63; the Throe per Cents. at 82 GO. Lou',l Or-r. 20.—Cash tales: Orleans, 1,230; Rouen, 922 50; Northern, 591 25; Fampoux, 400; Bordeaux, 538 75; Mignon, 891 25; Strasburg. 496 23: Tours and Nantes, 502 30; Lyon, 520; Bade. 223 ; Fecamp and Dieppe, 363; Versailles (R. 11.), 410; Versailles (LB), 275. The Madrid papers of the 15th do not contain any news of interest. The rejoicings were temporarily suspended on this day, the anniversary of the execu tion of General Diego Leon, shot in 1841. The amnesty was expected to appear in the next day's Gareta. Several shocks of earthquake had been felt in Murcia. The Espectador states, from the frontiers of l'ortn gal, that the counter-revolution has caused great dis satisfaction at Campomayor and at Elves. A letter from Badajoz, of the 10th, states that, on the morning of that day a heavy firing was heard, and it was re ported that the people on the frontier had risen, and demanded the revocation of the decrees of the Queen, and the restoration of the constitution of 1820. It was added that two officers of the garrison of Elves, and one of the garrison of Campomayor, had been killed in the movement, which was still going on. A letter from Lisbon of the Bth inst. to the Herald() says:—" We have been assured that Viscount de Gada Baudeira Cesar de Vasconeellos, and the Tribune Jose Esteban have taken refuge at San tarem, where they intend organising a plan for resisting the orders of the Queen; some movement will in all probability take place in the provinces. Count de Thomar i, shortly expected at Lisbon; his friends have offered to send a steamer to Cadiz to bring him over. His presence will give great courage to the Carlist party. A royal decree has just been published dissolving the National Guard. Lisbon is perfectly tranquil. Four hundred soldiers have been sent to Santarem, all of them ani mated with the best spirit. The Duke of Terceira leaves to-day for the northern provinces. Count Tojal will, in all probability, be appointed minister of finance. I&AD,UD Rms.., Oct. 15.-351. PARIS, Orr. 19. I have other particulars to add to those which I have already sent to you on the subject of the harvest. The Minister of Commerce has received the reports which he required from the Prfeta. These reports substantially announce that the wheat harvest is one-filth less than in ordinary years; but that the superior yield of the grain reduces the deficiency to a tenth. France consumes an nually sixty millions of hectolitres of wheat ; there is there fire wanting six millions of hectolitres, or the consumption of thirty•six days. In 1832, the deficiency amounted only to the quantity required for six-and.twenty days. At the present time the import duty is reduced to tweuty.five cen times per hectolitre, and already there have been imports to the extent of two millions of hectolitre*. It may be observed that the deficiency in the crop in France represents almost exactly the excess of the harvest in the United States. The price of wheat, at the Same time, is 13 francs per hectolitre at Odessa, so that there is still enough to be had in that quarter. I have already informed you that the rye harvest had almost universally failed, and this is one of our chiefest resources. As a sct-off the Indian corn and black wheat are abundant. The moun tainous districts and the southern departments have, there. fore, their expected supplies. Chestnuts, also, which enter largely into the staple of food of the peasants of Auvergne, the Limousin, the district of Quercy, and the Cevennes, are extremely abundant. Finally, I have no fear of a dearth ; but the winter and spring are hard to get through, although the Minister of Commerce affirms that we possess, in grain and other alimentary food, a certain provision for thirteen months. It is now necessary to inquire what is to become of those countries which Providence has not fa voured with so good a harvest, without the inter vention of Free trade. Suppose the United States and Russia prohibit the export of corn; suppose the industrial policyof France finds imitators everywhere; where will they find the corn of which they stand in need to feed their popu lation ? Free-trade, which is the best preservation against famine, is no less necessary to preserve nations than indus trial liberty and routine. - The Ministry appears to be very seriously occupied with the modification of the import tariffs. I have already mentioned to you that the plan which is undergoing consideration in the department of commerce proposes to effect a slight reduction on car-iron. I have just learnt that the Ministry wishes to put on the air of effecting an extensive reform, and that it will propose to the Chambers to suppress all prohibi tions, replacing them, it must be understood, by strict pro tective duties. Such a reform is, in fact, an ; but in principle it will not be unimportant. It will be an avowal of the iniquity that exists in a government suppressing free trade—it will be a step made towards a better system; and this step will lead to others. Moreover, the real struggle will be directed against the duty on iron, which is not de fended by public opinion, and which the partisans of free trade mean vigorously to attack. 0. SOUTH AUSTRALIA. NEws.—By - - - - GENERAL papers received yesterday, bringing down our intelligence to the 13th June, we learn that the legislative council was to assemble for the despatch of business on the 24th of that month. Another special sur vey had been claimed at the foot of Mount Remarkable, and it was said that the evidences of mineral wealth on the spot were unprecedented even in this colony of minerals. The names of Elder, Younghusband, Aston, Anstey, and Dutton, were sufficient guarantee that the balance of the 2000/. be yond the deposit would be duly forthcoming. The parties who had claimed the special survey near Mount Remarkable, had also claimed another at the Emu Plains, and from their known prudence the survey was hardly deemed a speculation. LAND ORDERS,—THE SOUTH AUSTRALIAN COMPANY AND THE GOVERNMENT.—An action had been tried before the Supreme Court, in which Atigas and Others were plain tiffs, and Bonney defendant, representing respectively the South Australian Company and the Government. The special jury found for the defendant, the action being brought against the government officer as a trespasser. The point involved will be understood by an extract from the charge of the judge, who said Mr. glo be s had spoken of the company's having advanced eight thousand pounds towards making up 32,0001., for which they had 102 lanclanlers, and a right of priority of choice. At an early meet ing some persons selected—some reserved their land-orders—no doubt what Mr. Cites did he did fur the best. At all events he had reserved some for Kangaroo Island. If after a time the company did not find land surveyed there, there was no reason that they should not select elsewhere--end they exercised the right. Persons who reserved their landarders were, by the regulations of 1836. to be subject to the existing regulations, and regulations became laws when framed by persons duly authorised. The land-order was dated so far back an 10th December, 183.5, rather better than ten years ago. It appeared that the holders chore to postpone their choice : then, putting aside Kangaroo Island altogether, they had the sane rights as other persons under the regulations; formerly, priority was given in order of date; but this document having been held back for years, the Waste Lands Aet came into operation. Before that Act no land could be taken by a land-order till it had been open for selection for a month. The plaintiffs did not come in wider those regulations. This was land which had not been open for tender for a month, eo that even under the old regulations, they could not have taken it. The Waste Lands Act did not formally repeal the former Act, though virtually it did so, by providing a different mode for the sale of land. In effect, lands could only be sold by private contract after they had been submitted to labile auction. Under the old regu lations the plaintiffs could not claim as they had ceased to exist, nor could they under the Waste lands Act, became the two sections prin cipally claimed bad not been submitted to public auction. Whether they might claim land which had been so submitted was another question. Then Mr. Fisher referred to the clause in the Act which saved existing contracts. Perhaps under this clause there might he a mode found of satisfying the plaintiffs, that was. If thi y were dispeced to be satisfied in a reasonable manner. There were diffi culties in this colony which there were not in others ; but perhaps the Governor might convey to holders of landorders land which had been submitted to public suction, or might allow the price of a land. order in the amount of a purchase at auction ; but this did not allow them to take land which had not been offered. It was raid it was lased for the company not to get land which they had paid for tea wean ago; but that was net • question for the Jury. Now lands had Deenme matter of competition, producing a large sum lor the benefit of the colony, the system ef holding /or land-orders might, y o g i; 'Steed, deprive the public of . eraNe advantage. In all of trespass the lawful possession of the party must be shown though not the title; but where a person has taken possession he could not thus maintain an action of temples He considered the company's IkAog into possession to amount to no'pessession at all." STATISTICS OP THE COLONY.-A statistical publication, issued under the authority of the Governor, gives some corn. parative details that speak highly for the progress of the colony. A colonial print thus sums up the results: " We perceive that the registered births in 1845 amounted to 708, that the marriages were 141, and the deaths 238, in a population of 22,320-of whom 12,670 were males, and 9.650 females. 114 ships and vessels entered our harbour during 1845, being an annual W erra." of 44. The perronal arrivals and departures by sea in 1845 Dave test a balance of 1,883 in favour of the colony, being 1,110 more than in 1844. There are 41 pima, of worship, adapted to contain 7,020 mesons; the attendance at Sionlay schools, in 1845, Is stated at 1,265 ; and at various day schools 1,536 ; the latter return being more than double that of 1844. The revenue for 1815 amounted to 36,11121. 9s, 10d., being an increase of 8,3031. 175., as compared with the previous year; whilst the expenditure was 32,099/. Is. 3d., only 2,6451. 12s. 9d. more than that of Intl; the clear surplus revenue for 1045 being 4,0831. Is. sd. The exports of colonial productions in 1815, consisted of-wheat, 13,6271. 10, ; flour, 11,2701. 10s.; gum, 7,1191.; oil and whalebone, 1,934/. 10s. • wool, 72,2351. 125.; butter, 1,1651. 135.: copper ore, 17,1791. 5i.. 6d.; lead ore 1,8391. Os. - and miseellancous exports under 1,f001., 4,978/. 18s. Oci. ; ;mounting to 131,8001. 75., and being 49,5311. 13s. 4d. more than in 1841. The imports of 1845 were 184,8191. 18s. 5d.; being 64,901/. Ils. 6d. more than in 1844. We infer that some considerable amounts in specie, as well as other uncronsumable property must have been included in this return. The number of licensed or noble houses had inermsed in 1813 to 82. Amongst other establishments of which returns are made, we find 18 breweries, 24 flour-mill, 4 foundries, 10 malthouses, and 8 tanneries, In the list of mines, only fifteen principal ones are mentioned. In 1845 the land sales amounted to 52,9022. Bs., being 47,335/. 15s. more than the land sales of 1844. The return of acres in cultivation is 26,9071, for 1844; and 26,2184, for 1843; the number of cultivator returned is 1357, for 1844; and 1269. for 1845; this decrease may be accounted for by several combinations of small farms, consequent upon the return of farming mechanics to the town busi ness, now as abundant The returns of animal stock were moderately assessed to the following extent in 1845:-lames, 1,044; cattle above six months old, 26,146; sheep and weaned lamte, 480,669. The cri minal convictions in 1844 were 21 ; and only 22, with the increased population of 1845. The insolvencies in 1845 amounted to 26. The Sheriff's writs were only 57 in 1843. The amount of inortgagto reffl 6 - tend in 1845 was 12,4621. 7s. lid, being 7,5751. 13e. lOd. Ics.s than in 1841. The registration amount of bills of sale, Judgments, and warrants of attorney in 1844 was 22,1331. 158. 4d.; and 23,76 , 1. 10a. Ili. in 1845. The last paper of the series is a comparative statement for six years, namely, 1840 to ISIS inclusive, and from which it appears that in 1810, when the population was only 14.610, the acres in cultivation only 2,503, and the exports limited to 15,61(11. the government expen diture was 169,966 1 . 19s. 6d., whilst the amount of revenue was only 30,1991. 14s. l id. In 1845, we discover • mighty change-for although the increase of population bad only eaten to 22,390, the exports reached the large amount of 131,80 W. 65., the acres in cultiva tion were 26,2181, and the government had a handsome surplus re venue in an aggregate of 36,1821. 9s. 10d., with only 32,0991. 3e. lid. of expenditure to meet. PRICE OP Gat IN TN THE CoLoNT.—The price of wheat was rising ; the South Australian Register (June 3) rays: " Wheat was quoted yesterday at Ss. 3d. to Se. CL, and there appears to be every probability of a further advance in the price of wheat and flour. In fact, we know that sixteen pounds (cash) has been demanded for a ton of (2,000Ibs) of dour, and that Ss. Gd. per bushel has been reused for a large parcel of wheat. As toasts, there Is @meetly a bushel to be purchased, and Sr. 14 asked. It was fully expected that the Scout would have brought a large parcel of oats, but coupling the prices at Hobart Town with those here, it was found not expedient to make the shipment. Four shillings was offered yes terday and refused for Cape barley, and this, too, for a large parcel" The Adelaide Observer, whielt gives a similar statement, but, in mnra detail, a dd s— "Since the above 'was In type some gratifying statements have appeared in this week's orernment f,aaelte, the important results o which U are all we can find room for upon the present occasion. " Exports, the produce of South Australia. have been mole during the quarter ending the sth of April last, to the surprising amount of 104,718/. 1.55. The mod considerable amounts comprised in the aggregate are—bark, 1,802/. ; bread and biscuit, 398/. 5a.; butter and cheese, 3201. 10s.; barley and bran, 344/. 10s. • cows, IDOL ; wheat, 6,588?. 6,.; flour, 3,044/. • gum, :22/. 10s.; oil and whalebone, 1,428/.; potatoes nd salt (aebdo m found together on the table of the hearty South Australian labourer unaccompanied by good beef or mutton and a fine wheaten loafer a solid "damper") surplus exported 208?. ; copper ore, 47,863/. ; k-ad ore, 8571. ; and lastly wool, 40,770/. 10s.; the remainder bring principally composed of exports respectively below 100/. in value. "The imports intended for internal consumption, amount to 48,688/. Ds. " The ordinary revenue receipts for the quarter amounted to 10,958/. Ito. 3d., and the expenditure chargeable upon these receipts to no note than 9,327/. 171 9d. The salary to emigration agent, and the expenses of maintenance for widows, orphans, and sick or desti tute penions, de not amount to more than 161/. 12a. 4d. for the quar ter, so that even if these claims were sati-lbsl out of the ordinary Snub% there would still be a surplus of 1,275 19s. 2d., such is the flourishing state of our pros Metal finances. VAN DIEMEN'S LAND. " The brig Union arrived on Monday from Launceston (21st of May), bringing 55 passengers, 36 horses, and several vehicles. " We are pleased to observe that Captain Begot, M.L.C., and his lady, have returned to the colony in this vessel. " The ship Joseph Somes, 620 tons, arrived on the 19th of May at Hobart Town, from London (Jan. 16), with 243 male convicts. The Gazelle contains the quarterly abstract to the 31st of March. Total revenue, 28,6151 7s. Id.; expenditure, 28,1381. 14s. sd. Compared with the corresponding quar ter of 184.5, there is a decrease in the revenue of upwards of 2,0001., and an apparent diminution in the expenditure of 4,4001., although the estimates are the game. The anomaly is attributed to the exclusion of unpaid government liabi lities. meeting of the Legislative Council had been again postponed to the 15th June, when, it was currently reported, a measure was to be introduced for the imposition of a duty of 15 per cent. on S , nith Australian produce imported. The popular sentiment seemed to be opposed to the measure. "A meeting of the Hobart Town Auxiliary Bible Society was held on the 11th ultimo, his Excellency Sir E. Wilmot, in the chair. A report was read and adopted. The Rev. W. Day, missionary from Samoa, on the conclusion of an interesting speech, presented to the governor a cony of the Samoan Scripture. " The public officers at the head of every department in Hobart Town, have forwarded to the editor of the Nara/ and Military Casette a letter flatly contradicting the in ainuatbns implied in its colonial cerrespondence, some time ago, and reflecting upon the moral character of Sir E. Wilmot. " Upon the whole, affairs seem to have assumed an im proved tone, although the large amount of cash deposited with the hanks, and not bearing interest—no less a sum than 393,082!. 19e.—evinces much hesitancy as to what may be called the staple pursuits of the colony. The liabilities of the banks amount to 457,6861. 9s, 2d., their assets to 1,172,7461. Os. 7d., showing a balance in their favour of 716,1591. lls. 6d. The specie held by them is stated to be 290,9021. 13s. Bd. The amount of bank circulation (57,5621. 7s. Bd.) would appear to be contracted; but the aggregate amount of discounts and cash credits 831,4741. 6s. 7d.) which appears in the recent bank returns, looks somewhat formidable. " There is a manifest improvement in the working of the probation system. The number of men for promotion from a lower to a higher class was 176, and for six mouths not a single complaint had been made against one of them. Half of the number has been in pnvate service, and the re mainder distributed at the various hiring depots. A similar circumstance occurred last month, and also the month previous; 161 men emerged from probation to first and second clams in August last, and 100 in September, and not a single offence was recorded against one of the number when their names were submitted for promotion in February and March. _ " Under the pastoral care of Bishop Nixon, twelve new churches and chapels and fourteen ministers had been added to the previous ecclesiastical establishment. The establish ment of the college is secured. The colonists nobly responded to the call for aid in this important work, and have seconded the example set before them by British philanthropy, with a zeal and libera:ity that do them honour. One gentleman, with a munificence worthy of the land from which he sprang,hils alone endowed it with property to the amount of 150/. per annum. Others have not been slow to render the assistance which the specified conditions demanded. " The desire to render available the natural productions of Van Diemen's Land, which we lately noticed in respect of the indigenous timber, is further evidenced by increased activity in the coal mines. On the 18th May, about 300 tons of Port Arthur coals were sold by auction, the price varying from 13e. 6d. to 15s. per ton. " Recent sales of sheep and cattle had attracted more competition than heretofore, and greatly improved prices were obtained. Fifty-two head of imported cattle fetched from 71. to 81. 15s. per head at auction. "Amongst the exports of wheat from Van Diemen's Land may be mentioned the Benjamin Heape, for Liver pool, conveying upwards of 11,000 bushels, and the Minerva, for Sydney, 11,000 bushels. Several other vessels were ex pected from Sydney for wheat, but the prevalent impression appeared to be, that the quantity remaining on hand was not more than sufficient for domestic consumption ; never theless, the price of the best samples of wheat at Hobart Town, had receded to 4s. 6d. on the 16th ult., and the highest Van Diemen's Land quotation for fine flour is 131. per ton. " The cargo of the Mona, from the Cape, consisted of 140 hhds., 67 pipes, and 474 quarter pipes wine, 1,705 boxes raisins, and other produce of which a portion only was landed at Hobart Town, where she was to fill up with wheat for Sydney."—South Australian Register, June 10. MATENCE.—RELIGIOUS TOLERATION.—We learn from the Univers Israelite, that the Israelites of that city have just sustained a heavy loss in the death of Rabbi Leo Ellinger. The deceased Rabbi, a man of the old school, was beloved by all members of the community ; and by his amiableness, his influence, and his sagacity, he pre vented the ardent conflicts which, in other towns of Ger many, separate the orthodox from the reform party. The funeral of the deceased Rabbi furnished a rare example of religious tolerance. Among the procession following the venerable Jewish ecclesiastic to the grave, were the heads of the Catholic and Protestant clergy ; Bishop Kaiser, of the former, and Dr. Noneweiler, Archdeacon of the latter. • THE TEMPLE CLWRCII. The following extract from a hook, published about a hundred years ago, should clear " Cromwell and Co." from any direct or indirect charge of having been concerned in all the disfigurements to which the Temple Church, on its late repairs, was found to have been subjected. " The body of the church has three roofs, supported by tall and slender pillars of Sussex marble. The windows are all adorned with small neat pillars of the same stone."—The Modern Universal British 'Traveller, by Bur lington, Rees, and Murray ; London, folio 1749. The com mon routine of saving the trouble of further inquiry, by charging all church mutilations on " Cromwell" or the " Puritans," evidently involves a considerable anachronism in this instance, to say nothing of other historical difficulties. Vlbc (from. WINDSOR, WEDNESDAY EVENING.—Thefr Highnesses the Prince of Wales, the Princess Hoye, ri Pnnoesa Alice were taken for an airing this mors t 4 open gouge and four, proceeding through Spits], d ► turning to the Castle by the Great P ar k , attended by Dowager Lady Lyttleton. The royal fsmiy were a l to ts I s._ out for airings this afternoon in the pnra a plestm oti. - -w Her Royal Highness the Bathes; of Keiu leave Frogmore fur Clarence House, St. James's, to. The Hereditary Grand Duke . of Mecklenbtav Strelits arrived in town yeaterday. Hi s Royal Hi g h aft , . town for Kew is the afternoon. lyt Prince Callimaki, the Turk i sh Minister, tr lguetted business at the Foreign-office on Monday last, His Excellency the Portuguese Minister tr annetei business yesterday at the Foreign-office. Lord Palmerston has appointed to a clerk s hi p • the Foreign-office a son of the Rev. D r . Wolff, whose and humane visit to &Ahern must be fresh is the rat tiou of our readers.—Globe. rseatyy HER MAJESTY AND PRINCE ALBEgy s VISIT TO CASHIOBURY P ARK. At eleven o'clock his Royal Highness Prince Alb ert and his Serene Highness Prince Edward of Saxe Wei r ", accompanied by Sir Horace Seymour, Colonel Sequin. ? yd Mr. George Edward Anon, left the mansion to enjej excellent shooting afforded within the park. The p ar r kte went with the illustrious princes did not shoot • Albert and Prince Edward were taken to the Callislands-spring, and, after about an h our an d a M.7a' Albert killed 31 pheasants, 4 hares, and 2 rabbit i := partr Priam idge Ed and 1 hare.ward of Saxe Weimar bagged 7 pp rai 4 a 7 , Shortly alter two o'clock luncheon was 'unease*, which covers were laid for 16. In Hie meantime tli e carriages were commanded to be in attendance at • o'clock, at the front court. Agreeably to dir ect i oni, carriages and four and a pony carriage were in widths", sides several saddle-harm:a, to convey the august patty Moor Palk, the seat of the Dowager Marchioness of minster, near Rick.mansworth. Hs Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, the Queen Adelaide and suite, departed, after I fur Moor Park. In the royal retinue were a asnsosr *striders in their scarlet liveries. The royal suicide s , ' eroded by the more direct route to Moor Pa r k, sa d ;- sequently avoided ltickmansworth. On the amiss', cf august visitors at the mansion, now belonging e a Dowager Marchioness of Westminster, they abeam , well as the several members of their respective household ', when their Majesties and party were conducted over th entire apartments of the interior, which could nut fall a gain their approbation from the choice colleetia o of work ' , art deposited there by the late marquis. Queen ' Prince Albert walked through the phasure grounds to taking their final leave of that beautiful seat. the q, Dowager did not accompany the Queen rod her royal, Met, from the extreme dampness of the ground. Dowager Marchioness of Westminster, at preseut in sad labouring under slight indispositi was ab,e a r , MLord and Lady Robert Grosvenor are residing with `oily at the Isle of Wight, they were uuable, I oat tbel iebtice given of the intended royal visit, personally to nth and welcome the royal party. Their Majesties returned L Go shortest route through Caahiobury Park, and arrindi the mansion at a quarter past five o'clock. The Marquis of Salisbury arrived front illtfidd Hart; Sad Lord and Lady Licauvale from Viscount alelbuente's neat, 13rocket Hall, near Hatfield, having been honoured by iivitations from the Queen Dowager to dine at Crakes, bet evening. The banquet was served at eight o'deek dm spacious dining-room, which is adorned be a rare am Wage of portraits of the Capel family and its conneriws zebtra. able presented an elegant display of plate, a curette the base of which exhibited our patron saint, George, in combat with the Dragon, as also wine elaborately iluished silver flower vases. A costly senice of china yr used at dinner from Sparks's well-known establiahment Worcester, the Queen Dowager while at W i tl e y hiving been a great patron of the local manufacture. subsequent period of the evening a small sum . ier of i Mutat performers were in attendance to enliven the. akele by a choice selection of music. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester, attended by Lady Caroline Murray and the Hue. Capt. Lidded, its arrive on a visit to Queen Adelaide this afternoon flue Richmond. The Countess Howe comes to C alneibury to day, and remains till Saturday, when the earl and counts depart for Gopsall Hall, near Athentone. Iler Besse Highness the Princess of Hesse and suite leave Cashiolauy Se-morrow, for Cambridge Cottage, at Kew, there to vin their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchessof Cambridge till Monday next, when her Serene Highness reboil is the Queen Dowager's residence. To-day, at the close of her Majesty's visit to the flutes Adelaide, the Queen and royal cortege of three carriages, will go direct to St. Alban's, where a relay of hones is to be provided to convey the royal party to Radek house. The royal cortege, after leaving St. Albania, hto Saha the Hertford-road, and then pass through the ancient town of Hatfield to the spleadie country-sat rf Marquis of Salisbury. Her Majesty will be escorted thriller ant the whole distauce by two companii s (a the Hertfced. shire Yeomanry Cavalry. It would be an anticipation d the extensive preparations in progress at the lie seat of the house of Salisbury to particularise all that is to distingaii the reception of the Queen, but it may safely be asserted that nothing will be omitted that can contribute to the deka of her Majesty's welcome. A distinguished circle has lus invited by the Marquis of Salisbury to have the honour ts meet her Majesty and her illustrious husbaud, including tY Duke of Wellington, the Duke of Rutland, the Marquis mad Marchioness of Exeter, the Earl and Countess of Clarenaos, the Earl and Countess of Verulam, the Earl and Counts Cowper, Viscount Melbourne, Lord and Lady Lacre, Lad and Lady Beauvale, Lord and Lady Charle. Wellesley, Mr. J. M. and Lady B.anche Balfour, Mr. A. B. and Lady ma. dyed Hope, the Earl and Counter of lirownluw, the Fad and Countess Spencer, the Earl and Countess Delaware &n An entertainment is to be given to the regiment of Yee manry Cavalry at the riding-school; sod a bullock is to be roasted whole for distribution amongst the poor of that immediate neighbourhood. arca: . Chas Mr. Sherif the OW ity to*. g the PI to II 4, and lathe Chulli over. .K the caeecdingl and given s inady a vt i-w in this THE REGISTRATIONS. , PIRITUAI. MlDDLESEX.—Yesterday Mr. Shadaell revised the Bishop of • lists for Islcworth, Heston, 'l`wickenham, Nurtholt, Brun - . 'haat in ford Hanwell, Greenford, Perrivale, Ealing, and Acton, st `.• 7 , 0 ....• to I the Royal Hotel, Brentford. In referesce to certain of the for on ly League rent charges, Mr. Payne objected that the written .., eastern declaration of the claimants (who themselves were not in w-as eveu tendance) stated that the parties claiming had been in actual view°, no possession of the rent charge for six months precious to the to convert 31st of July, the act requiring six calendar months previom more labourer possession. On the production of the deeds and receipts to respects unpre, show that the parties had possessed the proper.)' for the re been answc r, ,i quired period, the claims were allowed. One or two other good. The ~ claims, wherein the declaration was unsupported by such ml• amounted to ditional evidence, were disallowed. fund, funned church, to whoa much indebted, ditional chureli , population of in, had been contrite :Prfer about r e i t ttal destitut thus provided, erection, two ab tabled in aid . churches would tarnish the mea making a total o snake, out of a ant that p he dente divine se tho 970,t i MUM of church the. population wear, fur who villein. It ho. at persons who Am, chapels of het he belies, it the Mark, while t milltunted to 2.000 eceSainine 1,000 • meet the delicien meal than 1,000. I areidrit nal consol into the eternal w of lakuity." w the elate might be wow wanting, at le Leather told the no LEARNED SOCIETIES OF THE METROFOLIS.— The meetings of the various learned societies of the metropolis which have partially commenced in the present wadi, come into full activity the first week in November, and con tinue so until June. There will then meet periodically no fewer than forty societies for reading papers and the disco- Bien of the various matters of literature, science, and art, which they respectively embrace, in addition to twenty-one for the delivery of lectures, and which hold occasionally soirees. As the parent of the whole stands the Royal Society, embracing the whole range of the various departments of mathematics, natural philosophy, and natural history. Thus are four devoted to antiquities: the Society of Antiquaries, established in 1717 ; the Numismatic Society, the British Archaeological Society, and the Archeological Institute d Great Britain. Natural history in its various departments is cultivated by eleven : the Linmean, Zoological, Enamor logical, Horticultural, Royal Botanic, Botanical, Medico Botanical, Floricultural, Microscopical, and now the Padua logical Society, whilst the Royal Agricultural Society also holds monthly meetings for the discussion of the praetiet and science of that art. The science of medicine teat nisi 'n devoted to its especial cultivation : the Westminster, London, South London and North London Medial, with the Medico-Chirurgical, Physical, Hunterian, Ilarveiss and London Homepathic Societies. For th.- cultivation d chemistry there are three—the Pharmaceutical and Chemied Societies, and the Royal College of Chemistry. The study of the heavens embraces the resources of two—the Royal Astronomical and Meteorological Societies; whilst three devote . their attention to the earth, its structure and human inhabis tants—the Royal Geographical, Geological, and Ethnelegiell Societies. Addressed to specific objects there are the Sta tistical and Royal Asiatic Societies; and for the proaecution of literature there are two—the Royal Society of Literati", and Philological Society, in addition to nine which hold no periodical meetings, with the exception of their annivirsaries, and are confined to the re-publication of the works of the earlier writers. These are the Camden, l'arker, Perch Cavendish, Ray, Shakspeare, Sydenham, and Handel So cieties, with the Oriental Translation Fund. The useful at and the kindred subjects of architecture and engineerittg, embrace the services of three—the Society of Art:, Institu tion of Civil Engineers, and Royal Institute of Briai Architects. At the Royal, London and Russell Institutions, lectures of the highest order of merit on different branches of science are given ; whilst sixteen other inatitutione, which lectures on the general branches of literature and science are delivered weekly, are scattered throughout the metropolis and suburbs. Of the above learned societies, seven hold their meetings weekly, 18 twice a month, 13 monthly, ail two at intervals, as also occasional soirees are given by the Royal Colleges of Physicians and Surgeons, which are not included in the above list. Four only receive national support in the grant of gratuitous accommodation — Pie Royal, Astronomical, and Geological Societies, and Society of Antiquaries; and two royal grants for premiums to the Geographical Society and Royal Institute of British Arclu tech!. The revenues vary much, the two highest being the Zoological and Horticultural Societies ; but the gross amount of the sums annually expended by the members in the pee' secution of objects of scientific and intellectual research , may be stated on a moderate estimate as 56,7001. dispensed through their means, to which may be added at least 7,ooY for the support of the sixteen minor institutions for scientific instruction. To the above may be added the sinecure en dowment of Gresham College, where seven courses of lectures are delivered at the commencement of every term. LONDON MARITIME INSTITCTION.—The fifty-fifth anniversary dinner of this society was celebrated .Yrs terday at the London Tavern, Thompson Hankey, yap., () Esq . L ., yall in , t j h u e n., chair, powi su e zpiated pte. b r y ro M brn escrs herd, &e. There were about a hundrid gentlemen present, The object of the institution is the giving relief to4ecareu and unfortunate master-mariners and their fam ilies, an Messrs. G. Freeman, a we the prosperi 1 1l ...„,„, jes t attain R om winos , 14 . :girt ° r 4 8 11 II I' t. l / C° • of is lied to n°° '" b 7 the skip, who th 'take. ditntllnt bee' Ls. le t in ca " IQ on the ortote, t o in sd s in Lbli rll% etneel vel eteleg .. a ssuring ; t h e even . Neeted or wed up ‘," w eieneed '" i settd f•Y a I "ist‘ N A ri ny and • bi p 4 Ey 'fer e . a ream fiel gae , eat*. e fficient, assure en --T sm osion % , dos Marotta :1111) d subscri iii. Ain" kket or ration , .A. Ilan • Orme u,e 1 .1 apt. Hood. %a ptain Pro Al mended to twig a Mr. Ly • ebbe, and . hike • Los itelli I; ea 'O s I f this bran held yes old, et te-street, e 'nil o signan. t tio si Y s h e chat 'A tE r ro pes* whi• at, ie. revious mee etropolis a 7: "in some *rose from t IL lei little doubt . who" b o di es of in ream Any province 44:4:11...61 .faif)c y uratle b 'eed.t e o l u:p A i p:l l l t° th i ' rope r i • 'tok si elle* afters of se her plane b tar the WI o o ployment wind am from a ea , the meet' t* Lt pair SOCIETY Quell p MEDICAL Falai • iety was h The : olborn. Si I tars, • eetingd of it ; em ere read an. th Oa . e election 0 le dog • e room of t , attend terations in nod lej ad. The It rind el degree in th . the benefit H aut; . section 12, or e s nanimousl) . lo old by Lntended ao Way hich provid • leek ie • eetinge, an *ttee "11.3 ! NNW et The tntirmed. • :.rh ta- ould place int, St. 'rectors, , A es w ithou it'll* at Inv . at, by allot ~at It eh power in t the alter!' Coot are in the . At it ssed, lo irate. teratiou age e bill hject should naiad led speedil i as then deel. lib 0 boo instated in to •osen from .. toy mutts ding'. BUTCHERS &Teo biota, 0 (Asvi.ust to Tist cellent chari abridge event, Mr. B bu the Sheritih s te y. After Cues ual loyal t. nisei, sine,, of the h ones tin the state lied& .ntlition. T 's, it to charity tow ih the .:'ling the s . tci the ,9571. to 1 1 . i treerb de, and :50 ing from 1 ertford• not d • unced in the of the curs. B. B. C miffs Challis lagahk alerted na minor den e eekd .k place tluri is hew urse of whir akers, tiet . sour to fag de .ma of mur.l. tuts mai rly by over- evade' . bo as kin Lil , etudes of the co ee to the all . , lad 'ratan, that ey, Mr. multitude n dy Mil be Esd iety the Ito st, on that sn i de sf Yee• • uitur obs•er is to be •ong the g d that esevcdingly and given o mady a ve vi-w in this SPIRITUAL sad the ' e Bishop of . • Elleent vivitatto 13 " nt• baton than 7,1 ti" .. , , t 1 1,380.1100 to I . 1 _ L. , •-,• nom for only 1 . .' l2l In the eastern °t i ' n ii• tatio n woo even 1 actual al prudence, no .s to the vour to convert ire'ioin more labourers i tip to respects unp • • ' the re - been answered, mother good. The au t aLch ad• amounted to I . - - money in warand t to pay achoolma remind their rule the money for ch tads and penitent • gime out no muc h PERUVIAN Pi) iatmatt your anniiun i c a a la c ern received at ha ulturiats or .4 aspc t r;lityt i .: pa t he lame of las p, n tail interior of Pc aaalla on the estat nob coven, I ran Etquality, as he golden yel throughout Sou of the patron itT a t re u pt e l c ie t:r l,” ZW IIALI, A la FAST a number 1 on-house, fo u ce-hall, the t hospitable ing his num completed, y tion atone, to le ship, assist. a very cap: . the present ha E CITY Ii . ot sewers Fri treet would be lately on th e • RA DBIIAW'S OATION CoM l'.l pronounce a e Ted utility, ha