The Express. — London, England, 1846-09-30 00:00:00

THE EXPRESS, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 30, 1846. -.-...;------ lIIE EXPRESS.-THOMAS MUDI E & SONS beg to state that they forward "The Expres" by evening and, to en ire regularity in the supply, they prist the address W their customers, when oriental for a quarter or half-year. A re adttanoe of IN. fAI. will pay for a quarter's " Express " art will be promptly mitnewlolgrl. Mudie's Newspaper °Woe, 'l5, Coventry. *trees, Landow (eshibi abed 30 years). LONDON EVENINO PAPE 'fliW EIPItEan.--GEOUGE HOWES and CO., 7, Thavierbus, iolborn, 1.01)(1011, print on the cover the addresses of thwe who favour them wit a their order. for lad( a year. Poet-ottcv orders lin- . inediately &canoe Wired. A quarter, 19s. 6d.; half-year, IL 19e. Tan COP NIWT Talua sr mien. TE EXPRESS.—Orders punctually attended to THONI AS MEKRETTS Newspaper Me, 7, St. John.equare, Larial, established thirty-deo years. Sutecriptions, in advance, 19a. pit quarter, O• • lIISOLZ COPY WILL WI PORWASOLD to •5011110111• 111• s la.4Ma . SWIM THE EXPRESS regularly posted at 1 tW. per quarter in advance, or Is. per quarter credit; TUE DAILY NEWS posted by morning mail at 15s. per quarter in adyarieei or DE 6d. per quarter credit ; by evening mail at las. perquarter in &dream, or lie. per gun ter wedit. The principal London Weekly and other Papers regui,rly supplled.—TDlOTUY S3lllll, News Agent, 2, Bell yard. Temple-bur. London. NNW WUnli IN MONTHLY l'An'to, Mx. DICKENS. On the Ist ofOctober (to be completed in 20 Monthly Part., uniform with " Martin Chorale:vit." tee.!, price the Finn Number D EALINGS WITH THE FIRM OF DONLBEY AND NON, Wholmule, Retail, and for Exportation. EDI IED BY CIIARLES DICKENS. With Illuatrationa by LIABIAYf K. BROWS. Lon Ion: Ilrodhure and Evan'. Whitrfrian4. blow ready, in one handsome volume, Bso, elegantly bound in cloth, price Ile., OLIVER TWIST. By CHARLES DICKENS. With Illustrations by GEOROR Cal InSIUNK, and the latest Corrections out Alteration: 4 of the Author. Nu. X., completing the Work, Is now ready, price One Shining:: sdbury and Hear" White friars. This day is published No. XXII. of DOUGLAS JEItROLD'S SHILLING PAkoAZINE, wits continuation of ST. GILES end ST. JAMES, by the Editor Lennon : PubVebeil e the "Punch" Office, Sklncee-etreet. This itiy pub:Wiest, prica 6d., No. X. of THE ALMANACK of the MONTH, A REVIEW of EVERYTHING and EVERYBODY. Edited by 611.SEST ARBOR' BCCIiIIIT. London: Publi.hcd at the Punch" °lnce, SS, Fleet-street --- - This day is publlalud, peke Is., copiously illustrated by Lmeu, No. IV. of T HE COMIC HISTORY of ENGLAND. By tiluirxr Anson hßrearre. This Work Is published in Monthly Parts, illustrated by love. Laren, with one large Etching, and from biz to Twelve Wood Engravings. It w ill comprise front Twelve to Twenty Parts, and will appear regularly with the Monthly Magazines until its completion. London : Publi.hed at the o Punch" °Mot, 81. Feet-mrect. ght e):l3regg. MAILS. The mails for New South Wales, Ste., will be made up on the evening a the 300 inst. (this dav). The West India Hums, including those for Mesico, Honduras, and Havana, will be male no on the morning of the 2d October. The mails for Britisli North .Interica, Bermuda, and the United States, will Is. Malk up on the evening of the id October. Til^ overland walls for Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands, Egypt, Aden, Ceylua, India, llong-Korgr, and China, ria Southampton, will be made up on the morning of the 9d October. The maim for Madeira, linvits, Buenos Ayres, Monte Video, Sze., will be made up on the evening of the Sth October. The mails for Cunning, Oporto, IJslion, Madeira, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, will l mule up on tie 7th October. The overland closed molls, rin Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, liong-Kong, Ac., will be made up on the evening of the 7th October. TO CORRESPONDENTS. We cannot r.otice, in any way, any communication that is sent to ns anonytonway ; but those who choose to address as in confidence will find their confidenoe respected. NEITHER CAN WE UNDERTAK E To lon' ultN ANY NUiNUSCRIPTit WHATEVER. AtlvertiAement+ intended for The Expreu must be at the Office by Two o'clock on the day of publication. RIOT! WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE. Tuns DAT.--Morning, 70in. past 8; Afternoon, 21 min. past 9. To-tuutow.—Aloraing, nn. past 10 ; Afternoon, ILI zsin. past 10. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 30. Mr. WALTER'S annual rural fete, at Bcarwood, held on Saturday last, presents a most pleasant contrast to the agricultural meetings which so fre quently occupy the newspapers with their proceed ings. The assemblage comprised not only the ten antry, but the servants on the estate; in short, all whom it brings into relation with the proprietor as landlord or master. There was no prize-giving non sense. If Virtue walked to the festival in high shoes, they were of Virtue's own buying. No german-text testimonials, framed and glazed, were distributed to be hung up in cottages ; to tell futurity how the labourer half-starved himself to keep his family from the parish, and how the landlord approved his privations. It was a merry holiday, whose they whose tills have reference to the same pro perty, mingled, on frank and cordial terms, in the same enjoyments. We may scent to be occupying ourselves with a private affair by adverting to this fete; but transactions which might be passed over silently, on that :.ore, at other times, have their putrie importance now, when so much of the har monious co-operation of society depends upon the manner in which landlords adapt themselves to the new policy of the country. The Bearwood Festival is not, indeed, a novelty, but has been continued through many years. Mr. WALTER only pursues his usual kindly and honourable course. It is not the less valuable as an example, to which new circumstances impart additional recommendation. Agriculture has a transition state to pass through, and a new policy with which to con form. Such meetings are far more likely to render transition easy, and the future prosperous; than the vain regrets, the vainer prophecies, the fierce vituperations, and the factious excitements, which generally characterise agricultural gatherings. After the statistics of our landed orators, Mr. Wsursa's speech is an oasis in the desert. It makes as realise the idea of a neighbourhood. The common nterests of the locality are uppermost:: the new Mergyman andhis Christian counsels, the erection of a ?arsonage, and before that of a School House where ducation is to be established "on a sound and use ul basis." All this is much wiser and better than —ing Sir Rom.= PEEL. It promises more for astruction and moral culture than Lord IttPON'S mike) , cart. Some meaning is given to in favourite metaphor of the Protectionists, tat the landlord, tenant, and labourer " are all the same boat." They arc so in this in ance ; and pulling together pleasantly. There is no ar of their being ruined. Even Mr. I:ERRAND gives a prediction, of a Wokingham petition for the repeal • free-trade as having made them "distressed agri- Iturists," the date of a few sessions " hence; which far enough off to be equivalent to leaving it un ted. But Mr. FERRAN!) cannot be quiet. Ile was angely out of place at such a meeting, unless on c principle that an occasional discord serves to hence the harmony. In glancing at the various quackeries of agricultural iodations, Nlr.Wsurstt justly remarked that "none them professed to offer the only proper remedies ; melt', regular employment and adequate remune ion. These were the only cures for the suffer of the labouring population." Protection has erly failed of producing that desirable result. It ves the labourers worse than it found them, both operatively and absolutely. Extending over the rage length of an entire generation, it has lowered it wages, dilapidated their cottages, robbed them heir beer and meat, and reduced their clothes to s. Instead of increasing employment, so as to vide for the wants of their increased numbers, successive census has shown a diminished per tags of the population occupied in agriculture. ercvcr else we may look for regular employment adequate remaneration," they are certainly not e found in the practical influence of Protection a the condition of the labourer. r e leave prophecy to those whose every pre on hitherto has been falsified by the event. cannot undertake to describe is detail the speci nfluences of Free-trade on the several sections of agricultural population. But this fact is clear, Free-trade is more trade; and more trade is more .oyment ; and more employment, for the same hers, must induce better remuneration. Thus far lain of cause and effect is distinct; and affords a reliance than arbitrary and authoritative uncements of what shall be or shall not be, ming years. There is more hopefulness in it, Al as more surety. We tread on firmer ground njoy a brighter atmosphere. e Bearwood Etc lacks one character on which, some weeks ago, we remarked with so much gratifi cation, in the festival of the silk-mill people at Rocking. This was given by a proprietor to his tenants and labourers ; that, by the operatives to their employers. We should be glad to see the parallel more complete. Farm labourers are a long way off the ability, and it may be feared not very near the disposition, to give either tenants or landlords the grateful homage of a dinner and a holy - day. There is a painful absurdity in the mere mention of a peasantry giving dinners to landlords. It is a scene from Utopia. It is talk for Bedlam. Er nihik nihil fit. It is a I harvest for which the seed is not yet sown. It is the miraculous feeding, without the five loaves and two fishes to begin with. The peasantry could not furnish out even TINION'S banquet. They lack fuel to make their kettles boil. But if trey cannot feast, they are capa ble of being feasted. The social relations which grow out of the soil, may be made to approximate towards those which are entwined in the mill. Landlords and large farmers may put themselves on probation for a future testimonial. They may assist the pro gress of society towards a more humanising connexion between the employers and the employed, of all descriptions, whether manufacturing or agricultural. We know that Free-trade, in its direct results, can only affect pecuniary, not moral relations; and that it has no power of transforming the one into the other. Rut relying, as we do, upon its beneficially affecting the merely pecuniary relation between the buyers and sellers of labour, we are anxious to see that rela tion assuming more of a moral character. Ilene our readiness to note every step towards such a con summation. The san g uine advocates of Free-trade may be reasonably invited to exhibit the spirit of their doc trine, in that free and frank intercourse which cannot fail to expand the minds and raise the characters of their dependents. And those who believe that the country has embarked on a bold and perilous experiment, may fairly be reminded how much they can abate the peril, mitigate every attendant evil, and increase every possible good, by conduct which shall teach the peasant to "venerate himself as man," and feel that he is something more, to both farmer and land lord, than a mere tool for turning the soil and ren dering it productive. To what an extent the lesson has yet to be learned—and employers must learn it first—that (except in some very obvious instances) there ought to be no merely pecuniary relations between human beings! For the inculcation of that neglected lesson—the entrance on a Free-trade policy, and that too under the pressure of impending scarcity, is a favourable occasion. THOMAS CLARKSON belonged to the class of men most properly called apostolic. They do not origi nate; but they establish. Expansive sympathies, strong conscientiousness, impassioned enthusiasm, the power of concentrating the mind on one great object, sleepless activity, and utter contempt of danger, form the apostolic character. In respect of moral grandeur, and the contagious influence it exercises over the wills of others, it is, perhaps, the noblest manifestation of human power. To estimate aright the merits of CLARKSON, and the efficacy of his labours, care must be taken to claim no more for him than his due. A conviction of the cri minality of slavery had made considerable progress, before his attention was drawn to the subject. GRAN VILLE SHARP'S " ltepresentation of the Injustice and dangerous Tendency of tolerating Slavery in Eng land" was published in 1769 ; the trial arising out of tho case of the negro Somerset, in which it was de cided that as soon as a slave sets his foot on English territory he becomes free, took place in 1772 ; four pam phlets against slavery were published by Sit.% R l' in 1776. The fact that the Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge pro posed, in 1785, the legality of making others slaves, as a prize question, and that CLARKSON, to prepare himself for writing on the subject, began to study the African slave trade, proves that the discussion had already attracted considerable notice. The new church which held the faith of man's freedom, already counted many members before CLARKSON was led to join it. But he took part in its first organisation in a visible form in May, 1787 ; and he was from that time the most indefatigable, dauntless, and efficient of its missionaries. He was employed as the agent of the Association for the Abolition of Negro Slavery, in visiting the pro vinces to collect evidence of its enormities, and proofs that it was possible to substitute an innocent and lucrative traffic with Africa; to promote co-operation among the friends of the negro; and to gain converts to the cause. For seven years he kept up a correspondence with four hundred persons, and travelled upwards of thirty-five thousand miles, to promote the cause of abolition. An anecdote is related of him which places in a strong light his indefatigable perseverance. When in search of a witness to prove that slaves were obtained by force, he was told, by a friend, of a sailor who had been engaged in the traffic. The friend knew neither the man's name nor residence, but described his person, and said he appeared to belong to the navy. With this faint clue, CLARKSON visited in succession all the ships belonging to the navy at Deptford, Woolwich, Chatham, Sheerness, and Portsmouth; without suc cess. Ile then proceeded to l'lymouth, and boarded fifty-seven vessels before he found the man; whom he carried to London with him, and by his evidence made good the case of the abolitionists. Nor were these labours unattended with danger. The traders in slaves, their customers and advocates, were not then, even in this country, a cowed minority pleading their cause in a deprecating tone. The rich and the powerful were their patrons ; and among the great public those who were not active partisans of slavery were disinclined to innovation. Its assailants were disliked as troub lers of the peace of society ; and, encouraged by this prejudice, the participants in the gains of the traffic set no bounds to the expression of their resentment. CLARKSON'S life was more than once in danger on his visits to the port of Liverpool. With the abolition of the slave trade began CLar.KsoN's more comprehensive task of labouring for the abolition of slavery itself. In the course of this later struggle, he found leisure for literary com position; but his works are mainly supplementary to the thoughts and efforts of his active life. He died as he had lived, labouring unweariedly in the cause of those whose sufferings had engaged his attention. When he entered the field, the holding of slaves by the people of this country, with the excep tion of a chosen few, was regarded as a necessary part of social economy. Long before his death it had come to be regarded as a crime. A revolution had been brought about in the moral sentiments of the nation: and the main instrument in effecting the change was the moral authority which CLIRKSON derived from his benevolence, his sincerity, and his earnestness of purpose. THE work is partially consummated, and the Duke halts under his future pedestal. The journey from the Harrow-road to Hyde Park-corner is achievement sufficient for one day. The elevation remains to be effected. Some few hours at least must elapse, be fore the Duke can say to the Grenadiers, " From the top of that arch forty tons look down upon you." Till the statue is hoisted, conjectures as to its effect may be considered premature. But certainly, if we may venture to speak from the impres sion produced yesterday, we shall not have to soften any of our preconceived notions. There is nothing in the design or execution of the figure to reconcile the world to a viola tion of artistic rule and recognised propor tion. It must be distinctly understood that hitherto all our criticism has been directed to the relation of the statue and its base. Given the proportions of one and the other, an unfavourable judgment was inevitable. It rested neither on pre conceived notions of what was desirable in the par ticular can ; nor on any opinion in favour of or preju dicial to the artist who had been selected by the sub-committee. WYArr or WEEKES was indifferent ' to us. If the design were good, the unsuitable site would destroy the effect of it : if bad, site and design would be in harmony. We are bound to say that, judging from long and careful examination yesterday, the design is not tin , worthy of its place. It has nothing great but its dimensions. So literal is the treatment, so careful the effort to bring the details up to the point at which art ceases and imitation begins, that an ex-lifeguardsman in the crowd was vehemently complaining of the absence of some buckle or strap from the bridle. The spectator is more conscious of the wrinkles in the Duke's trousers than of the expressiln in his face, and of the workmanship of the horse's accoutrements than of the life in his look or action. The colossal size rendered the figure rather ludicrous than impressive. As it tottered into view round the corner of Park-lane, the feeling which greeted it partook much more of the half-wonder, half merriment, of an audience at the appearance of some basket-work pantomime Magog, than of the enthu siasm which ot4,ht to welcome the effigy of a hero. In short, the statue of Mr. \VYArr appears, to our pre sent judgment, a proof of the little connexion that exists between size and grandeur. It is a large figure, but not a great work. It is anything but a great work. It has all the un-ideal nakedness of the GEORGE 111., without its spirit. It might mould tato a statuette ; but, even in this form, would find itself surpassed by many of the race prize groups of Mr. COTTERILL. The crowd did not know what to make of it. Tke bulk went a great way with them, as it did with Sir F. TRENCII, and as we have no doubt it did with Messrs. GoDING's dray-horses. The real test of the work is to come. Bad as the effect may have been from its position on the car, it may still be wisely calculated for the arch. Defects in the one point of view, may come out beauties in the other. But if the figure was perfection, all the objections to its site remain untouched. The event cannot falsify our own and all contemporary prophecies, unless the practice of art is a blindfold and haphazard thing. As sure as there are principles, this statue violates them. As sure as those principles are well founded, so surely will this statue offend correct and cultivated tastes. These are the only tastes to appeal to. The mass of uneducated judgments may be stricken into silence by the dimensions, or tickled into applause by the novelty of the work. Then comes the pinch. If public taste be outraged, say the committee, down comes the figure. But what is public taste and how is its decision to be known ? When architects and artists arc unanimous ; when the voice of cultivated intelligence, as delivered through the press, goes with them ; when the most distinguished patrons of art echo the judgments of its professors ; what remains worthy of the name of public opinion to set against these ? We are sadly afraid that the proposal of the three weeks' experiment was a ruse of the sub-committee, hard driven and unscrupulous. They trust to the Englishman's reverence for the fait accompli, or " great fact." Mr. \VYArr's Duke is one of the greatest facts, in the way of bronze, the world has ever known ; and will probably keep its place amongst other stubborn things of the genus. As to expecting an emeute or. the subject, English taste is not ripe for that. The abomination might be twice as glaring, and yet be tolerated. It is a contest of tastes, or should ' be no contest at all. Now, when all the "taste" is on one side, and Sir F. TRENCH and the Duke of RUT LAND on the other, there can surely be no case of " doctors disagreeing." We wait, in humble assurance, for the event of to-day's elevation. We have confidence enough in recorded and unvarying principles to believe that the statue must fail before the ordeal. We have reverence enough for Art as a means of education to feel that this subject is ono involving something beyond a dilkt«tite quarrel. The appointment to the vacant judicial scat in the Court of Queen's Bench has been made. The suc cessor to Sir John Williams, is Mr. Vaughan Williams. The Paris journals of Monday and our usual cor respondence has reached us. They bring the intelli gence that the Duke of Nlontpensier had left Paris, as it had been announced he should. accompanied by the Duke n'Aumalc, and teveral officers of their statf. The French government is thus evidently bent on proceeding to the completion of its plans. The Debats has at length broken silence on the subject of the note of Lord Palmerston. It speaks, however, in cautious terms, and goes so far as to deny that the representations of the British government contain any announcement of positive measures. That journal soya: " It is likely that the representations notified to the go vernment of the King by the English Cabinet, through its ambassador, the character and bearing of which, we think, have bee,' misinterpreted, will, sooner or later, be laid before the public; but as yet it is not in our power to do so. It will then be seen if that communication is likely to have the results attributed to it ; or if it is even of such nature as to cause uneasiness to sensible men, and to the friends of peace and harmony in Europe. tis an easy task for the opposition journals to circulate any reports they may think fit to invent ; if they are not contradicted, they regard them or give them out as facts. To contradict them, we might be led to explanations which would bear a close resem blance to indiscretion. The very nature of the communication made to the French government, the form in which it was presented, prevents its being made public, as such an act would be derogatory to official cus• toms and. established rules. The reserve imposed upon us will be fully understood. We stated, that no communica tion had been made of a nature to obstruct the free-will of the Spanish government. We adhere to that statement. That the English government thought it its duty to protest against such or such consequence of a step taken without its consent ; that it has made its reserves for the future, in ease of this or that eventuality which might occur by a peculiar interpretation being given to former treaties, is possible; that it thought itself called upon to express its dis sent, its regret, and its annoyance, on the determination taken in respect to the Spanish marriages, does not astonish us. But that such communication con tained any threatening expression, any formal conclusion,any announcement of positive measures, we think we may posi tively deny. We believe that we are right in saying that no direct notification has been tent in to the government of the King; that the English Minister for Foreign Affairs has addressed a despatch to the English Ambassador at Paris authorising him to notify it to, and leave a copy of it in, the hands of the French Minister for Foreign Affairs, and that that despatch contained the expression of the dissent of the English government in the most amicable form. When it is before the public, we will discuss its contents and the value to be attached to it. For the present, we think it our duty to remain silent. We are not bound to regard the asser tions of the opposition journals as being derived from an official source. A single remark will suffice to show how far the veracity of their statements may be relied upon. We announced that the British Ambassador at Madrid had solicited an audience of the Queen to congratulate her Majesty on her marriage. That announcement was reported to be false. To-day's corre spondence from Madrid states that Mr. Bulwer wrated upon the Queen, and upon the Queen-Mother, and offered his congratulations to their Majesties on the coming marriage of Queen Isabella. We therefore think we may state, notwith standing all the rumours to the contrary, that the two mar riages will take place at the time appointed, and we persist in thinking and saying that the dissensions to which such resolution may have given rise, however much to be regret ted, are not of a nature to compromise the pacific relations between the three governments.' • The Debuts, in the above, states that its assertions relative to Mr. Bulwer's congratulating the Queen on her marriage had been contradicted. Such is not the case. What was contradicted was, that he had con gratulated the Queen on the Infanta's marriage. The thing was in itself so absurd that on the face of it it could not but be disbelieved. The Spanish refugees are still watched with great care, and we are told the Spanish General, Rodil, and M. de Santa Cruz, late aide-decamp to Espar tero, especially, arc the object of close surveil lance at Bordeaux. General Seoane has succeeded in making his escape. Pretended rumours are con stantly flying about with respect to Count Monte molin, who is said not to be in Imgland. The Adour, a Bayonne journal, publishes a letter from Saint-Jean dc-Luz, dated the 23rd instant, stating that the Count de Montemolin arrived there last week, disguised as a priest, and stopped at the house of M. It.---, who was one of the most active agents of his father in the last Carlist war. After visiting the church, adds the writer, the Prince pursued his route without having excited any suspicion, but soon afterwards the police received information of his having come to Saint-Jean-de-Luz; wad the gendarmerie were sent in pursuit. The Prin,ce, however, had already crossed the bridge of Behobia, and left no trace of the course that he then took. The letter in the Bayonne journal is in direct contradiction to the statement of the London journals, which not only , announced the arrival of Count de Montemolin in London, but even named the hotel at which he alighted. It is right, however, to add that the Journal da Cher of the 26th says it has reason to believe that the London journals have been purposely mystified, in order that the Prince might be the better ab'.e to effect his object. The regi ments in garrison in the cities of the south, which had orders to change quarters, have had those orders countermanded. Their departure is adjourned until the end of October. Some battalions have been sent to the frsntier to prevent the refugee Carlists from penetrating into Spain on this side. The Prince de Joinville will leave tho French squad ron at Cadiz, and join his royal brothers at Madrid. Great preparations arc making on the Spanish side of the frontier to receive the princes. M. E. D'Appony, Austrian Ambassador at the Court of Rome, who has been absent on leave during several months, is expected back in Paris. Marshal Bugenud has received orders not to pro long his stay at Excedeuil, and to embark as speedily as possible for Algeria. The Duke de tilucksberg, who left Madrid on the 22d with all the papers connected with the marriage of the Infanta, arrived in Paris on Saturday even.. He has left again to -day for Madrid, whither he will precede the Duke de Montpensier. We have received, from Madrid, news up to the 25th inst. On that day the Count de Bressun made the official demand for the hand of the Infanta, who had recovered from her recent indisposition. Prepara tions are in progress for the marriage ceremony, which will be perlbrmed (according to El Ile - oath) with great pomp. The government still conti nue to seize the opposing journals withunsparing rigour. The Leo del Commercio, Clamor Publieo, Nuevo Esperlador, and El Espanol had recently shared this fate, the latter journal for the reproduc tion of the leading article of an English contem porary. The offence of the Eeo del Commercio was a proposal to present Senor Orenso with a medal. It had also preciously remonstrated against the seizures in the following terms : " Since the marriage is irrevocably fixed--since we can teach nothing new to the country on the subject, why seize us? The answer is, for form's sake. But is not that giving more importance to accessories than to the facts them selves, and does it not prove that there are persons who have very little heart, and whose heads are incapable of con taining two ideas ?" An application had been made to government, by several individuals suffering punishment, to grant an amnesty on the occasion of the marriage. The Herald. notices this prayer in terms generally favourable, but recommends that the amnesty should extend to all but those who suffer for "political " or " other important offences." PARIS SEPT.2B. The approaching marriage of the Duke of Mont pen,ier continues to excite public attention. The depression of the funds becomes daily greater and greater, and a fall of two francs, in afew days. was a circumstance which had not been known since 1840. The speculators compare the two periods, and seem to think that the differences which have now arisen between France and England have a deeper foundation than the dissensions which separated the two cabinets six years ago. The Ministry and the King himself have been represented to you as feeling great anxiety on this subject. I do not knew the real thoughts of M. Guizot, but this at least is evident, that he affects great calmness. All the noise which is made on the Paris Bourse is considered by him but as a speculation for bringing down the funds, and he says, in his pride ; when the Bears shall have sut&•iently lowered the funds, the Bulls will soon raise them again. M. Guizot seems to forget that speculators can only lower or raise the funds by the aid of a movement in public opinion. If the sales made by some banking-houses have accelerated the sinking of the funds, it is because there was already a gene ral disposition to alarm. The writers of the ministerial journals, made anxious by this state of things, havedemanded instructions from M. Guizot as to their future conduct. The minister has recommended to them not to enter into a discus sion with the London journals, and to avoid everything tend ing to embitter the quarrel between England and }ranee. He added at the same time, that government would not change its plans. The route of the Duke de Nloutpensier remains the same. Ile has left to-day, and will enter by Bayonne into Spain, travel ling by easy journeys. He will go without an escort, unless the Spanish authorities choose to send a guard of honour, as such is said to be their intention. Amongst the causes of the anxiety of speculators, I may mention the results of the crops. These results, though not very alarm ing, show a probable deficiency in provisions !Or the nourish meut of the people. Without entering into the pirticulars, I may tell you that the rye crop is one-third hSi than the average; that the wheat crop is excellent in quality bus deficient in quantity; and fivaily, that the drought having prevented the growth of grass, will cause is considerable limitation in the supply of hay. With regard to potatoes, the dixa•c has attaclid them in some parts of France, but the crop will be, on the whole, of the average quantity. The price of bread has risen in several places, and in Paris, the 41b. loaf, which is commonly worth 60 centimes (6d.), is now sold for 82 ceutimes (81d.), and it is predicted that the price will increase this winter. Added to this is an increased dearness of meat. Although manufactures are at present in great activity, and the making of the principal lines of rail ways occupies a number of hands, and although the salaries have been on the increase, it is feared that the question of food will become a serious difficulty in the approaching win ter. During the last two months a great quantity of corn has been brought into Marseilles, but France will want this year an importation of upwards of ten millions of bushels. The amount of corn to be disposed of in the United States is not more than six millions. It will therefore be necessary to buy wheat in the ports of the Crimea and the Baltic; and supposing Government takes the care of this on itself, it will be necessary to modify the existing corn laws. The present legislation dates from the yea• 1832, and its present combinations are a sliding scale of duties on imports and exports. The territory is divided into four zones, each of which takes for its basis of importation and exportation different prices. Foreign corn, to enter free ' is subject to the following conditions of price in France ; that is, corn in France must reach the price of 27 franca (1/. ls. 6.1.) in the first cone ; 2.5 francs (1/.) in the second ; 23 fr. (18s. 4d.) in the third, and 21 francs (16s. 84.) in the fourth.• Corn to go out of France duty free, must not exceed 2.5 francs (1/.) in the first zone; 23 (18s. 4d.) in the second; 21 (16s. bd.) in the third, and 19 (15s. 104.) in the fourth. The import duties increase in proportion as the price of wheat decreases in the market, and the export duties rise with that price. Thus, when wheat is at an average of 19 francs per bushel, the import daty is 4 francs 75 cents (3s. lid.), and that in creases by 1 franc 50 cents (Is. 31.) for every franc that the price of wheat declines. When wheat is at an average of 21 francs per bushel, the export duty is 6 francs, and for every rise of 1 franc in the pric. of corn, the export duty increases 2 francs. The re sult is, of course, equivalent to complete prohibi tion of foreign corn in time of plenty, and an embargo on the liberty of exportation in time of famine. The govern ment knows how serious to the country this law is, but on one side the proprietors, who are in majority in the two Chambers, consider it as essential to their interest; and on the other the prejudices of the people are opposed to the en joyment, by the corn trade, of that entire liberty of which Turgot at the end of the 18th century demonstrated the necessity. Several riots hare taken place in the departments bordering on Brittany, to prevent the circulation of corn; and we may expect, during the winter, other scenes of violence. Government will, no doubt, Le asked to suspend exportation, and perhaps the public voice will force it to moderate or do away with the duties on imports. The law relative to provisions seems to be about to undergo a re examination. 0. z _ • . • . . - • THE EXPR". , ‘ 2 of *ith so much gratifi- dicial to the ru lIIE EXPRESS.THOMAS MIIDIE & SON S I some weeks aeo, we re 1 festival th lk-mill people at sub-committee. beg to state that they forward "The Express" by evenutg cation, in t-e e 111 and, to ensure regulanty in the 'apply, they prixt the address „, „ This was given by a proprietor to his to us. If the de SI their customers, when ordered for a q uarter or half-year. A re- HOCklng. d labourers ; that, by the operatives to their would destroy 0 mittance of IN. ad. will p l for a " =4, 15 aa 02,. . 1 w il l thnants an prensur adosswksiir‘l• t u die. v ertex'. eII.P.P " ' employers. We should be street, London (established SO years). glad to see the parallel would be in ban pTEW LONDON EVENING PAP 7 ER, :IRE thmorebcormplets .Farm labourers are a long way off We are bound I EXPlist-O.OItGE HOWES CO.„ vies. - - loltorn, !pinion, print on the cover the addresses of those who .. c a . I..ity, and it may be feared not very near the careful examine.; favour [hero wir:i their orders for LAU a year. Post-office oers hos disposition, to give either tenants or landlords the 1 worthy of ite I media acsnosledged. A quarter, 19s. 6d.; halLyear, If. 19 $. Tsui grateful homage of a dinner and a holyday. There is dimensions. S Convect TILWR Simi nn. THE EXPRESS.—Orders punctually attended to a., painful absurdity in the mere mention of a peasantry the effort to 1 THOMAS MERRETT'S Newspaper Office, 7, St. John-square, giving dinners to landlords. It is a scene from Utopia. lat which art London. established thirtY- 11 10 Years- SuhaariPli° ll .• in gdymi ce . It is talk for Bedlam. Er fail° nihil fit. It is aJ an ex-lifeguard satiatlet.....pe,,,roquaizta OR A. $1501.1 COPT WILL as FORWARD/I) IN harvest for which the seed is not yet sown. It is the complaining of - "TA" ----------- ' u lous feeding, without the five loaves and two strap from the b PRE EXPRESS regularly posted . at 18s. per . muse _i_ nailer in advance, or If. is. per q uarter credit ; TIM DAIL Y des to begin with. The peasantry could not furnish of the wrinkle NEWS posted by morning mail at 15i per q uarter in advance, or 175. 6d per quarter credit; by evening mall at six. perquarter in adranc:. ; ou t . evenTi SION'S banquet. They lack fuel to make their expression in h or its. per gum ter medit. The prinelpt London Weey 2, kettles boil. But i f trey cannot feast,they . pa are ca pa - the horse's meets E c ar yard r7 l ei c. ,r i y aupplicel.-TLMOTII 1111, News Agent , ble of being feasted. The social relations which grow or action. TS NEW WOKE IN MONHILY PANtra, at Mu. 4.llAlkEn out of the soil, may be made to approximate towards rather ludicrous DICKENS. those which are entwined i n the mill. Landlords view round the on the Ist of October (to be completed in 20 Mon thl y Parts, uniform and large farme with " Martin Chuzalmeit,"&e.!, orlon Is. , t h e Fi rs t Number of farmers may put themselves on probation greeted it panto D EALINGS WITH THE FIRM OF DOMBEY for a future testimonial. They may assist the pro- merriment, of a esio NON, Wholesale, Retail, and for Exportation. EDI lED BY CILtRLES DICKENS. gress of society towards a more humanising connexion basket-work pa With Illustrations by ILABIAYI K. B► OWN. between the employers and the employed, of all siasm which ou; Lon Ion; BradMirs and Evans. Whitefriars. descriptions, whether manufacturing or agricultural. I short, the status Now ready, in one handsome volume, Bvo, elegantly bound in cloth, price Ile, sent judgment, In LIVER TWIST. By CHARLES DICKENS. We know that Free-trade, in its direct results, can exists between kJ With Illustrations by GEOROR Caentsuann, and the West only affect pecuniary, not moral relations; and that it figure, but not Corressions .onol Alteration:4 of the Author. No. X. completing the Work, is now ready, price Oue Shining.: has no power of transforming the one into the other. But relying, as we do, upon its beneficially affecting great work. It Bradbury and Evans, Whitetriars. GEORGE ILL, The day Ls published No. XXII. of the merely pecuniary relation between the buyers DOUGLAS JEItROLD'S SHILLING Ilence f labour, we are anxious to see that tuba_ into a statuette Al %GAME, wits continupion of ST.GILES and ST.JAMES, tion assuming more of a moral character. by the Editorreadiness to note every step towards such a con- • Mr COTT . ERILL Lemon : PnbPsbed at the "Punch" Office, 83,1mA-street. our make of it. TS This day is publisheil, price 6d., No. X. oflsB it did with summation. The sanguine advocates of Free-trade ro d i ne as: THE AL MA i A REVIEW of EVERYTHING and EVERYBODY. Edited by 611.11 EXT ADROIT ii BCCI:111T. trine, in that free and frank intercourse which cannote a o doubt it did wit The real ha tes! London: Published at the " Punch" Office, SS, Flect-meet. to expand the minds and raise the characters of their effect may bast This day is pubUslud, price li., copiously illustrated by Lexcu, dependents. No. IV. of And those who believe that the country I L THE COMIC HISTORY a ENGLAND.abate in the one poi has embarked on a bold and perilous experiment, m . ay still be wi may fairly be reminded how much they can the By Glimmer Ammer /Brest-Iv. This Work Is published in Mcuthly Parts, , illustrated by lOW. peril, mitigate every attendant the . other. . B LIMN, with one large Etching, and from Six to Twelve Wood evil, and iucrease the objections 1 1 Engrav* . It 44 .11 comprise from Twelve to Twenty Parts, and will every possible good, by conduct which shall teach appear regularly with the Monthly Magazines until ita completion. the The event au Lomeli: Published at the " Punch" teas. 84. Feet- S treet. peasant to `venerate himself as man," and feel that he is something more, to both farmer and land- contemporary ar wi t th is ere a blin are dfori I P gilt eprog. lord, than a mere tool for turning the soil and lenno ren n - dering it productive. To what an extent the sure as those p : MAILEt. • The malls for New South Wales, Re., will be made up on the evening has yet to be learned—and employers must learn it first—that (except in some very obvious instances) • there ought to be no merely pecuniary relations will this statue These are the o uned . u . cated . juds i sr the TOO inst. (this day). The West India inru;s, including those for Mexico, Honduras, and between human beings! For the inculcation of thnt the dimensions, Havana, will be made to, on the morning of the 25 October. of the work. TI I' ' The mails for British North America, Bermuda, and the United States, will to Made up on the evening of the Sd October. neglected lesson—the entrance on a Free-trade policy, and that too under the pressure of impending scarcity, outraged, say t Tb, overdid mails for Gibraltar, stake, Greece, the lonian Islands, is a favourable occasion. But what is pa Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, and China, ria Southampton, will be made up on the morning. of the 34:1 October. . .. . ..„--------"t---- - known ? Whet ! wi•fliolt;ennis.its 6: de , r p .M . ld t e h ira 4.„ ll:4zie ng .4;2 l t Luems e Ayr7 , l, , Mont A weo, lie., THOMAS CLARKSON belonged to the class of men when the voice The mails for Curintria, Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Madeira, Cadiz, and most I called apostolic. They d o not ori e l- throu g h the p ro Gibraltar, gill be m id° up on else 7th October. proper y The overland closed malls, vin Marseilles, to the Mediterranean, nate ; but they establish. Expansive sympathies, distinguished p rl'' Egypt. Aden, Ceylon, India, Hong-Kong, Sic., will be made up on the evening of the fth October. TO CORRESPONDENTS. We cannot notice, in say way, any communication that Is sent tom anonytnously ; but those who choose to address as in confidence will strong conscientiousness, impassioned enthusiasm, the it s pro f essors , power of concentrating the mind on one great object, public opinion • sleepless activity, and utter contempt of danger, form We are sad]} the apostolic character. In respect of moral grandeur, weeks' ex rue find their confidence respocted. NEITHER CAN WE UN DERTAK E and the contagioss influence it exercises over the wills hard driven a • • At i l t aL i setn A t7JM Nl- en ' d N erffr it ;le Er W P* as 11AT m E n 8111137 v at the Office by of others, it is, perhaps, the noblest manifestation of Englishman's 1 Two o'clock on the day of publication. HIGH WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE. human power. " great fact." To estimate aright the merits of CLARKSON, and the greatest facts, i Tuns Day.--Mrning, in 7 in. path N ' AfAfternte rnoon, oon, iii in mimin. n. past Paid es 8. efficacy of his labours, care must be taken to claim no ever known ; To-nnaaom.-Morning, nun. past 10; more for him than his due. A conviction of the cri- amongst other i minality of slavery had made considerable progress, expecting an en LONDON, WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 30. before his attention was drawn to the subject. GRAN- ripe forthat. Th Mr. WseeEe's annual rural fete, at Bearwood, vILLE SHARP'S " Representation of the injustice and and yet be toles i held on Saturday last, presents a most pleasa n t dangerous Tendency of tolerating Slavery in Eng- be no contest al contrast to the agricultural meetings which so fee- land" was published in 1769 ; the trial arising out of one side, and 3. i quently occupy the newspapers with their proceed- the case of the negro Somerset, in which it was de - LAN D on t he I logs. The assemblage comprised not only the ten- ' cided that as soon as a slave seta his foot on English " doctors disag entry, but the servants on the estate ;in short, all territory he becomes free, took place in 1772; four pam- We wait, it 1 whom it brings into relation with the proprietor as hlets • tslave were üblishedb Stiseeinl776. to-day's elevati P aflaws rY P Y landlord or master. There was no prize-giving non- The fact that the Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge pro- recorded and it sense. If Virtue walked to the festival in high shoes, posed, in 1785, the legality of making others slaves, as statue must fail they were of Virtue's own buying. No german-text a prize question, and that ChAttbsoN, to prepare himself enough for Ar testimonials, framed and glazed, were distributed to for writing on the subject, began to study the African this subject is be hung up in cottages ; to tell futurity how the slave trade, proves that the discussion had already dilletwite quan labourer half-starved himself to keep his family from attracted considerable notice. The new church the parish, and how the landlord approved his which held the faith of man's freedom, already The appoint; privations. It was a merry holiday, where they counted many members before CLARKSON was led to Court of (Suet whose tills have reference to the same pro- join it. But he took part in its first organisation in cessur to Sir Jo perty, mingled, on frank and cordial terms, in the a visible form in May, 1787 ; and he was from that same enjoyments. time the most indefatigable, dauntless, and efficient The Par i s ia We may scent to be occupying ourselves with of its missionaries respondence ha a private affair by adverting to this fete ; but He was employed as the agent of the Association genre that the transactions which Might be passed over silently, for the Abolition of Negro Slavery, in visiting the pro- as it had been on that :.ore, at other times, have their putric slimes to collect evidence of its enormities, and proofs the Duke d'Au importance now, when so much of the har- that it was possible to substitute an innocent and The Fr.enneh y milieus co-operation of society depends upon the lucrative traffic with Africa; to promote co-operation P The D7bn ci ts t manner in which landlords adapt themselves to the among the friends of the negro; and to gain subject of the new policy of the country. The Bearwood Festival converts to the cause. For seven years he however, in ea' is not, indeed, a novelty, but has been continued kept up n correspondence with four hundred that the reply through many years. Mr. WALTER only pursues persons, and trayelled upwards of thirty-five thousand contain any an; i his usual kindly and honourable course. It is not miles, to promote the cause of abolitioq. An anecdote journal says: the less valuable as an example, to which new is related of him which places in a strong light his "It is likely t' circumstances import additional recommendation. indefatigable perseverance. When in search of a vergmeij of the Agriculture has a transition state to pass witness to prove that slaves were obtained by force, h ave been or t:tisinl through, and a new policy with which to con- he was told, by a friend, of a sailor who had been the public; but form. Such meetings are far more likely to engaged in the traffic. The friend knew neither the l results then b tu c i. seer t render transition easy, and the future prosperous; man's name nor residence, but described his person, t cause uoienn e e than the vain regrets, the valuer prophecies, the fierce and said he appeared to belong to the navy. With pence and barn vituperations, and the factious excitements, which this faint clue, CLARKSON visited in succession all the opposition journ gatherings, generally characterise agricultural fit to invent ; if ships belonging to the navy at Deptford , Woolwic h, or give them out After the Satisfies of our landed orators, Mr. Chatham, Sheerness, and Portsmouth; without sue- led to explanat WALTER'S speech is an oasis in the desert. It makes ass. He then proceeded to Plymouth, and boarded blance to ind 1 as realise the idea of a neighbourhood. The common fifty-seven vessels before he found the man; whom he is•o ° r m n t i n i u n u w i Ti ti cii n i; ntercsts of the locslity arc uppermost:: the new carried to London with him, and by his evidence made public, as such Mergymari and his Christian counsels, the erection of a good the case of the abolitionists. Nor were these to w n l i l s and f establi i 'arsonage, and before that of a School House where labours unattended with danger. The traders in slaves, tion ' had )e X:n u l l ducation is to be established "on a sound and use- their customers and advocates, were not then, even in the Spanish go' ul basis." All this is much wiser and better than this country, a cowed minority pleading their cause in That the Englist —ing Sir Rons:nr PEEL. It promises more for a deprecating tone. The rich and the powerful were against consentsuc;honart astruction and moral culture than Lord RIPON'S their patrons ; and among the great public those who in case of this or ..: its e , regret,a onkey cart. Some meaning is given to were not active partisans of slavery were disinclined I ss " s t i r. in d t er P ti r : in favourite metaphor of the Protectionists, to innovation. Its assailants were disliked as troub- sent, int the landlord, tenant, and l a b ou rer e are all lers of the peace of society ; and, encouraged by this taken in resp i the same boat." They are so in this in- prejudice, the participants' in the gains of the traffic t f i n t ned ss ai tr y is ti lt rea u t i a ar nee nf ; t a k n o d i. p b i t il i l n i a ng ni to in g e e d th . er E p v l e ea n s; E n r tlsi :Enn Th A :re n g is v n en o i se CL t AR EM IESO bo N u , nd l s ir to the expe tens ression ion n of their res e entm n e h n i t. t a i n y i e ili y uvAce en m y ent l o: l ),t S an nce in 1 3 prediction, of a Wokingham petition for the repeal visits to the port of Liverpool. direct notilicatiot • di "having ree-tride as made them • stressed aerie ,aerie King ; that the f With the abolition of the slave trade began addressed a deal lturists," the date of - a few sessions" hence; which authorising him CLsr.esoN's more comprehensive task of labouring far enough off to be equivalent to leaving it un-hands of the Frei for the abolition of slavery itself. In the course of red. But Mr. FERRAN!) cannot be quiet. He was this later struggle, he found leisure for com- English governor mngely out of place at such a meeting, unless on • • ''' • ' • b ef ore the public position; but his works are mainly sunplementary tlmattached to c principle that an occasional discord serves to to the thoughts his active - . and efforts of to remain silent hence the harmony. In claming at the various quackeries of agricultural died as he had lived, labouring unweariedly in the tions of the oppo ofwhose • CaIISC . those sufferings had engaged his official source. lociations, Nlr.W.turEit justly remarked that "none show how far them professed to offer the only proper remedies ; slaves by the people of this country, with the cxcep- Ambassador at : melt', regular employment and adequate rcmune- tion of a ehosen few • regarded as a nece , was e,, Queen to congrat ion. These were the only cures for the suffer- t f • 1 ... " announcement w ;s of the labouring population." Protection has come e o socm economy. Long before his death erly failed of producing that desirable result. It bee n oteg to be regarded as a crime. A revolution had the Queen, and brought about in the moral sentiments of the congratulations ti sex the labourers worse than it found them, both - Queen Isabella. nation: and the main instrument in effecting the standing all the r sparatively and absolutely. Extending over the change was the moral authori • ty which CLARKSON riages will take p 'rage length of an entire generation, it has lowered • -. .. . ... derived from his benevolence, his sincerity, and his in thinking and I resolution may b I • Iliac are thrcc French bushrlr in an English quarter. 1 CONSTANTINOPLE, SEPT. 9. The completion of the exterior of the new ambas sadorial residence at Pera invites me to give you an account of this building. Our mini,terial envoys to this country have been long obliged to content themselves with habita tions of wood, a sort of spacious boxes, which the Turks in deed find very commodious, but which are far from squar ing with British notions of substantial comfort. ;Such dwellings are still less secure than comfortable. Not only does the temperature within a wooden house vary im mediately most sensibly with every change of weather with out, but you are liable at any moment to be burned out of it. The last English residence was burnt down in '4l. Sir It. Gordon lost some valuable pictures and elate; and the English nation lost the house and the records of the embassy. It was then wisely determined to build the next embassy house of stone. A stately mansion suitable to the dignity of our national position was desired. The plans and elevations furnished bMr. Smith, an architect attached to the department of Woods and Forests, were approved; and that gentleman was despatched to Constantinople the same year. Three years elapsed, and two voyages home and back were made by the architect before the site could be determined. Finally it was settled that the new residence should be erected on the spot occupied by the old one. In October, 1841, Mr. Smith began removing the scorched 1 ruins; and the foundation-stone of the structure that re places them was laid in March, 184.3. The rapidity with which the work has advanced to its present stage is the more astonishing to the Turks from the absence of all that com plicated apparatus of scaffolding which they are accustomed to see adopted in their own larger works. These unwieldy systems of masts and beams have been ingeniously replaced by two wooden towers, like those we see in old bas-reliefs, as employed in sieges, which run on wheels, by a little rail, all round the building, thus answering all the purposes of a complete scaffolding, and•beine at the same time much more convenient and economical. The house stands in the midst of a square space of five aetca, on what I may call a promontory of the ridge of Pere, overlooking the valley of Dias Pasha and the arsenal. Its position is most central. is heats from Stambol, and from all points to the south, VW, and north, • conspicuous object. But on the ant it is hidden by the houses of Pens occupying the crest of the hill ; so that it is not seen by ships entering the Golden Horn, while to these the Russian Palace, • huge edifice of plaster, forms a most eye-catching object, being situated on the eastern slope of the same bill. The French palace is a little to the north of the Russian, on the some declivity. It is built of stone, and highly orna mented in the Lombard style; but the :owners of its position prevents it from being seen from any quarter. Without any desire to detract from the architectural merit of these two buildings, I can conscientiously assert the superiority of the English structure over them in all leading respects. The materiels of the latter are solid and handsome; the style, or architectural dress, is simple, elegant, and manly: the proportions are noble, the projections deep and well marked ; and the ornament bestowed with that economy which makes the more elaborate flourish of the chisel tell. It is an oblong of 150 feet by 117, and resembles more nearly than any other building the Reform Club, but is larger, as will be seen from these dimensions. The stone with which it is faced is of a dazzling whiteness, like marble. In its tex ture it resembles Portland stone, but is closer grained: and, like that, it works with great ease, and hardens with expo sure to the air. Mr. Smith has the merit of having disco vered himself the quarry from which thin beautiful material is brought, at Aghir Georghi (St. George), 25 miles to the west of Constantinople, and flee from the sea of Marmora. The buffaloes drag it over roadless hills. It is curious to see these strai.ge-looking animals lying under the shade of the acacia trees, by the works, and enjo)ing the pailsfull of water which are showered upon them to refresh them after their severe toil in the sun. Thtequarries from which build ing stone is usually brought are at Makrikeni, some four miles from the seven towers on the Sea of Marmora ; but, probably out of jealousy, it was pretenthd that there was not more than enough remaining there for the Sultan's palace at Beshiktash. Hence the useful discovery at Aghir Georghi. All the four sides of the English mansion are equally faced with stone, and ornamented in like manner. Tne building occupies about half an acre of the ground, leaving the rest for a pleasant garden, with coach-house *nil stables. The basement story is channelled, or rusticated, as the architects call it ; and the windows, in number fifteen upon th' long side, and nine upon the short, are arched and plain without any moulding. The windows of the find and second stories are furnished with bands or architraves, and the former are in addition ornamented with pediments alternately, inginents of circles and triangles. One of the diagonals of the oblong runs north and south. On the north west end, which contains the grand staircase, three arched windows, placed close together, like those of the Travellers' Club, if I mistake not, break the uniformity of the middle range of windows. There is yet a third story which is, however, lit from an inner court. The dimensions of this court are 62 by 32 feet. The angles of the building are ornamented each by a range of channelled stones, alternately long and short, up to the cornice, which forms a noble crown to the whole edifice. The thick slabs of slate which nre brought from the famous Cate quarries of Lavania, near Genoa, Stip over the cornice, and their joints era covered with ribs de pending from the ridge of the roof, like the tiles in Greek temples. The principal entrance is on the S.W. The inner court not being broad enough for a carriage to take a sweep up to the grand staircase, visitors arc set down at the fi of of a passage running round the inner court. The staircase is exceedingly handsome. It consists of a central flight turn ing up right and left. The roof is supported by Corinthian pillars from the entablature, over which spring ground arches. You are landed on a broad corridor paved with marble, glazed on the side of the court, and running all round, with which the various apartments communicate. This will make • capital promenade in wet weather, and we may fancy it ornamented with orange trees, flowers, and fountains. At the S.E. end is • superb ball-room, with a lofty arched ceiling, occupying with one room adjoin ing it the whole breadth of the building. A music gallery, opening into the upper part of the ban-roam, is contrived over this room. Besides ample accommodation for the am bassador and his family, the residence contains apartments for about six attaches. The ground story, which is fireproof, is occupied on two sides by the kitchen, offices, and servants' rooms, and upon the other two by the chancelry, archives, and rooms for attaches. The first floor contains the ambas sador's apartments, cabinets, library, drawing-room, ball room, and so on, forming a suite of seven handsome rooms, beside bed and dressing-rooms, baths, &c All these open into the grand corridor. The ambassador's cabinet commu nicates by a private staircase with the working-rooms of the attaches in low. The second floor is reserved for the use of the ambassador's family, with the exception of some rooms fur attaches. The third story will be occupied by servants' sleeping-rooms, &c. On this flour the apace corresponding to the grand corridor is taken up with rooms, and the passage is removed to the outside, and lit by slabs of glass in the slate roof. Altogether, there arc about eighty rooms. The building is to cost 35,0001., and to be finished in eighteen months from the present time. It is founded on a rock, and the walls are three feet thick and all through of stone. Although Dlr , Smith has had to educate himself the greater part of the workmen employed, the mason's work is so well done that the building has not settled in any part more than one-sisteenth of an inch, which is an extraordinary circumstance. The workmen arc chiefly Greeks and Armenians, and the greatest number employed at the same time is 300. In the :r-court there are two machines, one at either end, for hauling up stones, mortar, and water to the top of the building. They consist of a strap working round two wheels one above and one be low, and hung on one side with full buckets amending, and on the other with empty ones descending. Thee are turned by a common hand-winch. The Turks are quite astounds.: with this simple piece of mechanism. Altogether Mr. Smith deserves much cr..dit for the goodness of Ins plans and the energy with which he has hitherto executed them. FRANCE.-FRENCH ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS.- The Academic des Beaux Arts hu declined awarding the first prize fur tho painting ou the sohjoot of "'lke Illness of Alexander the Great," but has given the second prize to M. C. A. Cruk, of liouchain (Nord). The works in painting, architecture. 'and engraving, which have obtained prizes, will be open to public view from the 28th till the following Sunday inclusively. From Monday, the sth, till Sunday, the 11th, will be exhibited at the l'alais des Beaux Arts the works in painting, sculpture, and engraving by the students of the French Academy at Rome, EXECUTION AT I'ARI3.—On many morning, Jean Petry, the waiter at a coffee-house at St. Ouen, who it will he n membered was last month tried and found guilty of the murder of his mistress, after having attempted to violate her pet:•on, and of afterwards robbing the house, was executed at the llarriere St. Jacques. Ile retained to the last moment the same revolting indifference which he has evinced ever time the committal of his threefold crime, and, when ascend ing the steps of the scaffold, he stopped for a moment, and coolly called out in German to an acquaintance in the crowd, and asked him whether his (Petry s) uncle was present. Almost the entire commune of St. Ouen was present at the execution. This, says one of the journals, makes the I:i3rd execution which has taken place in Paris since the beginning of the present century. - - - - • • FLOODS Is FRANCE.—We find the following in the Cow Tier de la Dn;me :—" For some time past the agri cultural part of our community has been complaining of the long drought, which had much injured the crops in the neighbourhood of Valence, but this want of water has been amply compensated far by the abundant rain which fell on Sunday. Unfortunately, however, it has also caused serious damage in many places. Near Cohabeuil, the Vevre over flowed its banks and caused considerable injury on the ad joining lan3s, and carried away a bridge. At Loriol a house was washed down, and another bridge near St. l'eray was destroyed by the torrent. At Soyons the road was over flowed, and sal communication cut off. At Pouzin three houses were thrown down, and several persons drowned. At Valence the water rushed is torrents through the streets, and the claps of thunder followed each other with fearful rapidity. During the day the lightning fell on a house near the Polygon, and did considerable damage. A woman was thrown down by the electric fluid, but escaped with only the shock. A part of the ramparts, to the extent of from forty to fifty metres, between the gate of the citadel and that of Bourg-les-Valence, were undermined by the water and destroyed, but fortunately no one was injured." - • ITALY.—TesCANY.—By the late earthquake more than 8,000 persons have been redi.ccd to beggary. The Grand Duke has rendered a decree, announcing that the houses destroyed are to be reconstructed without any addi tional tax on the country. The inhabitants of the different villages destroyed are to be exempt from all taxation until 1848. The port of Leghorn is to furnish building materials free of duty to all who need them. A correspondent writes from Naples on the 12th inst. to the Augsburg Gazette :—" Some young men, pro bably belonging to the party of Young Italy, have come across the fr.nitier, and endeavoured to excite the inhabitants of this kingdom to revolt, by telling them that the institu tions of the Roman States arc more liberal than those of Naples. But the majority of the inhabitants being averse to all disorder, the authorities were able, by calm and well-con ceived measures, to prevent any disastrous consequences.' HOME, SEPT. 16.—Two or three contractors in the commissariat and bakers have just been sent to the fortress of St. Angelo by the Pope, fur giving bad bread to the troops. Four bajoehis were given to each soldier to buy bread until further orders. - - - SWITZERLAND.—The Grand Council of Genera has just taken a re °lotion relative to the league of the seven cantons. ft has decided that there is no ground for adher ing to the proposition of Zurich, and to exact the immediate dissolution of the league ; but it has decided to call on the Vorort to convoke an extraordinary diet, where Geneva will make the following propositions:—l. To recommend to all the cantons the maintenance of the public peace, and to render th,m :esponsible on this point. 2. To annex to the Vorort fvtleral representatives. 3. To dissolve the league of the seven cantons of 1832, as well as that of 1646. BERNE, SEPT. 22.—As the diligence was on the point of leaving Berne for Friburg on the 21st inst., the conducteur refw.ed to wait fora young English lady who was a few ntin - ,ites behind her time ; Mr. !gorier, son of the English Charge d'Affaires, who was passing, stopped the horses, and was struck over the head by the conducteur, who was, however, immediately floored for his pains. Mr. Morier laid a complaint before the authorities, who have Promised to punish the conducteur on his return from Friburg. GEitMANY.-BAVARIA, BAMBERG, SEPT. 21.- The King of Bavaria has sent the following reply to an address from the citizens of Bamberg in favour of the duchies of Schleswig, Holstein, and Lauenhurg '' In the ,une manner r I replied to m a&lrms from the inhabitants of DunkeLMuhl on the question of the duchies, re, do I reply to the ad dress of the inagh.trates and of tlic municipal council of Bamberg, that the German sentiments expressed in that address fill me with joy. Make this known to all interested, and receive the we nt " et the favour or your gracious aorereign,—Given at Bereldesendes, th e lith Sept., 1846.—T0 the Burgmaiter or Bamberg." GALICIA, SEPT. 14.—The return of M. Schindler, the ex-president of the senate of Cracow, has caused the rumours or an incorporation of the republic with Austria to reuse. M. Schindler ought to know better than any one that Austri i does not intend violating existing treaties, although the Emperor Nicholas is reported to hare said during the late negotiations, " I give you carte blanche as regards Cra cow • do what I.ou like and make your own conditions with England and prance " BORNEO.—Last night's Ga:ette contains the official accounts of the opL rations in Borneo, related in the Express of Friday last. They include a report from Sir E. Belcher of the events on that part of the Boruesn coast which he had previously visited. The following is from Sir T. Coekranc's despatch: Spiteful, off Brune, Borneo Proper, July 9, 1846. Sir,—l request you will inform my Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty that, for the reason assigned in a sepa ra t e despatch, I determined, with a competent force, to axend to the city of Brune, and call upon the Sultan for an explana tion of his conduct with regard to the atrocities attributed to him. Neither the Dadalus nor Pluto having joined me from Hong Kong, I made the necessary dispositions of the force at my command, as more fully detailed in the accompanying programme. I had received information that the approach to the island of Cherimon was defended by two batteries, and that five others were planted at the narrows formed by the island of Bungore and the right bank of the river, and that three heavy batteries protected the city. While the arrangements for the expedition were in progress, I, accompanied by Mr. Brooke, reconnoitred the isle of Cherimon, and found that, although there was one battery of five guns established on it, and lane guns on Pulo Coin Arrang, admirably placed for enfilading the approach over the bar, which lies immediate:y in front of and close to them, they were, however, not perfected, and both islands were abandoned ; and as I had no distinct authority for con sidering that these batteries were intended to act hostilely towards us, I in no manner interfered with them, either by spiking or otherwise injuring the guns. On my return on board, I received a letter from the Sul tan, of which the accompanying is a translation, having at tached to it the seals of range= Muda Mahomed, legiti mate son of the late sultan, and that of Pangeran Moumcin, in addition to his own. These seals Mr. Brooke believed to be forgeries; the letter, however, neither prohibited an approach by an armed force, nor threatened resistance if it did so. On the 7th instant, I hoisted my flag on board this ship, commanded by Commander William Maitland, and taking in tow the Hazard and Royalist, and preceded by the Phle gethon, met nded the river to Cherimon ; but it was not till yesterday morning I was enabled to overcome the difficul ties of the bar, and was then obliged to leave the Hazard aground upon it. Having my whole available force collected, I proceeded towards the city, which lies about nine miles up a very pic turesque river. The Phlegethon led, for the purpose of sounding its intricate approaches, having in tow the gun boats ; the Spiteful followed, towing the Royalist ; and astern of her, the boats intended fur landing the seamen and marines. _ _ _ On approaching Pulo Bungore, five forts opened to view, admirably placed for deiling a passage beyond them, two were erected on our right hind, one on the left shore over the narrow formed by Polo Bungore and the main, and the largest of the whole on the side of a hill, elevated out 100 feet (immediately in front of the narrows), and which sand banks compel you to stand directly for, and to pass within from 70 to 80 yards; the fifth battery was further up the river on the same side. . _ _ Shortly after we were discovered, the fifth battery fired a gun, and within a few minutes the largest hoisted a flag which Mr. Brooke informed me was the flag of our friend, Muda Bassin, who had been murdered; and we were in doubt whether this was not intended as an intimation / that we should be received as friends. We were nut, however, left long in suspense upon this subject, as the moment the l'hlegcthon had passed the narrows, the buttery commenced a spirited fire, which was promptly returned. The gun-boats, commanded by Captain Mundy, of the Iris, and assisted by Lieutenant G. E. l'atey, First Lieutenant of the Agincourt, with rapidity cast off from the steamer, formed iu a l!ne, and opened their fire, and so soon as the enemy's fire had slack ened, pushed fur the shore, and gallantly . mounted the steep ascent to the fort, but whence the garrison retreated precipitately, leaving the Sultan's flag to be hauled down by the assailants. . . . ..... Being anxious to proceed to the city, and finish my opera. tions u7ninst it before dark, I only gave Captain Mundy time to spike the guns and throw them over the walls, and blow up the magazine, when 1 proceeded to my main object. Aware that the Sultan had a heavy battery, a jlettr dean pointing directly down to a bend of the river, from which it was distant about 800 yards, and round which we must turn, and understanding that he had heavy works on the hills not far in the rear, I anchored immediately behind the point that protected us from them, to make my final arrangements for landing, &c. These arrangements were, however, overturned by the violence of the ebb tide, which set down the river with a rapidity against which a row boat could with difficulty contend. I was therefore under the necessity of towing both gun boats and the division for land ing ; the former by the l'hlegethon, and the latter by the Spiteful. Baying given the people their dinners, I again weighed, and no sooner did the ships open the point, than the bat teries commenced a sharp and extremely well directed fire, and at the same time a play of musketry from the woods on our right, and to which the Spiteful was obliged to submit without retaliation. The critical situation in which she was paced (with the beach but a few yards beyond hcr paddle oozes, the Royalist in tow, and the boats filled with the whole of the landing force), required the utmost silence and attention to prevent the whole being thrown on shore. But the Phlegethon very promptly returned the tire from her own gun, which, with the battery of field pieces placed round her bows, and the admirable fire from the brigade of rockets planted upon her bridge (both field pieces and roc kets under the immediate command of Lieut. I'aynter), together with the now rapid progress of the whole force directly up the river, so astonished and dismayed the enemy that they tied before the steamers could reach their works, or *he et-inning party carry out the service intended for it. As quickly as possible the landing was effected, and the marines, under Captain Hawkins, immediately took possession of the heights which command the town. '1 he battery,fteur &eau, was found to consist of eight brass and two iron guns, from ($8 to 9 pounders, as more par ticularly detailed in the accompanying schedule. The one upon the heights immediately above it, four guns, 9 and 6- pounders, and four more upon another height, commanding the latter, and 100 yards in the rear of it. The whole are now in course of embarkation. I much regret to add, that this service was not accomplished without loss, two men being killed, and seven wounded; and the Phlegethon received several shots through her hull, and other damages in her paddle-box, cooking boilers, &c., and which arc nuw in course of repair. So soon as the preliminary arrangements were made for the security of the city, 1 despatched Captain Mundy with the gun boats to destroy the five forts we had passed, and which be effected the same evening, having disabled 17 iron, and brought away three brass guns. The Sultan, I am informed, has fled into the interior with a large body of men, and many guns. I an. now preparing a force to send in pursuit of him, so soon as I have accurate information of his place of retreat. The gratifying duty now devolves on me of assuring their lordships of the zeal and devotion to the service of every individual I had the honour to have under my command. have already mentioned the name of Lieutenant I'atey, the first Lieutenant of the Agincourt, as second in command under Captain Mundy in the gun boats, and of whom Cap tain Mundy speaks in the hiutaest terms ; and I must bring to their lordship's notice Lieutenant Painter, the gunnery lieutenant of the same ship. Ile was adjutant of the landing party, and also commanded the rocket brig ade at Malloodoo Bay last year, and the fieldpiece and rocket brigades of the present expidition. On every occasion that his services have been required, I have remarked his zeal and intelligence, and to his assiduity and attention is mainly to be attributed the present state of gunnery discipline of the Agincourt; and the precision with which the fieldpiece', and particularly the rockets, were fired, affords a practical proof of the value of his instructions. . . . . tpon two former services, Captain Hawkins has com manded the marines, amounting on this occasion to niarly 200 men, and the same zeal and attention have marked his conduct in the present, as in every former instance; and I have invested him with the charge of the protection of the the town. I must not omit to mention the care and assiduity displayed by Mr. J. E. Elliott, the master of the Agincourt, in bound ing the various intricacies of our approach, and preparing himself fur the responsibilities of a pilot in a part hitherto unknown to him. Althongh 1 have thus extremely limited the list of officers brought prominently before their loidships, I trust their lordsnips will not for an instant believe that such restriction arises from insensibility to the merits of all engaged; but, where zeal has been general and equal, I feel a delicacy in drawing attention to one to the exclusion of another. Their lordships will have before them the programme already referred to, containing the name of every officer employed, and the duties assigned him; and I have the authority of the captains and officers under whom they served, for assuring their lordships that one priaciple of zeal and devo tion influenced the whole. The Phlegethon, lion. East India Company's steamer, commanded by Mr. It. S. Ross, was placed under my com mand, as their lordships arc already aware, by the Governor of the Straits; and it is a pleasing duty I have to perform in assuring their lordships that the good opinion I had already formed of this officer, when formerly under my orders is China, has, through his great zeal and activity, been fully maintained on the present occasion; and that it is my intention to make a similar communication to the G overnor-G eneral of India. I may not close this despatch without conveying to Mr. Brooke, through its medium, my best thanks fur the soli citude he has manifested for the success of the expedition, and the kind and important assistance I have received from him towards securing its favourable result ; and I feel per suaded I shall not be disappointed in my expectation, that he will cheerfully permit me to draw still further upon his service —I have the honour, &c., THOMAS COCHRANE, Rear-Admiral and Commander-in-Chief Return of officers employed in the expedition under my personal com. tuand, at the tapture and destruction of the fort. .oul butteries on the lei‘er Brune, Borneo Proper, on the eth Jul, Personal stutf.—Mr. Edward Waller, secnimy ; Lieutenant N. Vanuittart, ttag lieutenant; Mr. S. U. ere,twell, ; Mr. Robert 11. Bullen, clerk. Officers of Iler .Nlarsty's ve-uel, spiteful; officers of tier Majesty's barque Itoyali.t ; otthxrs of the lion. Rust India Company's steam vessel 'tinge thou. 2 T