The Express. — London, England, 1858-07-30 00:00:00

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MiI=LAMA :it ..... .AAlisoca. nd S4A. LONDON, FRIDAY, JULY 30. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. A SPECIAL EDMON of the "EXPRESS," containing the results of the day's ROOM, is pub lished every evening during the Sporting Season, at six o'clock. IN the last official Returns of Trade it is set down that England, in the first six months of 1838, exported to Turkey cotton goods worth 1,183,666!. de clared value, and daring the same period to the United Stated, generally considered our best customers, 1,031,729!. worth. Tee Turkey which thus receives the largest amount of our chief article of export is distinct from Syria and Egypt, which, as well as Greece, have their import. and exports marked apart. This mass of merchandise is sent, in feet, almost all to Constantinople, from whence a portion goes to the interior, another portion to Trebizond, and another to the Provinces on the Danube. We mast not suppose, because these exports are consigned to Turkey, that Turks are either the merchants or the consumer,. The industrious Christian population fur nishes a much larger class of purchasers than the Mumulnian, and the merchants are Greek or Arme nian, few Turks condescending to trade. The above figures are sufficient to show the im portance of those regions to us, commercially as well as politically, and the interest we have in their peace, their development, and their independence of the great despotic and prohibitive empires which border upon them and desire to absorb them. It was for this that we engaged in war, and it is foe this that in the arrangements of peace we should not consider the Provinces on the Danube a mere trifle or plaything, to be thrown off or disposed of in any wire, but, on the contrary, u States upon whose fit and stable settlement depend the peace and prosperity, the political and commercial inde pendence of these countries. We cannot but See* with Mr. GLADSTONS, that the only way of making the settlement of these regions satisfactory or permanent is to consult the people them selves. There are agents at this moment going through the provinces, and representing that England hu be trayed her promise, and has sacrificed the Principe, lities to Austria and to Turkey. France, they say, showed better inclinations, but was too weak and too fickle to enforce them. The only consistent friend and powerful protector was to be found in Russia, which never deserted the Christians; and so on. The patriots of Wallachia and of other provinces are too well aware of the false and insidious nature of these arguments not to combat them; and the way in which they coal/ have best desired to com bat them was to give proof that England, its Par liament, and public, had a conscience in this matter, felt a desire to do justice, and at the same time fol lowed a rational and well-weighed policy. We are sorry to say that the philo-Russisms have now and then the best of the argument. For instance, one of the oldest rights of the Danubian Principalities was the election of their own rulers. Well, England proposed in the Conference of Paris that this right should be withheld from them, and that the Ports should name Hospodars. Russia and France opposed this, and the result was that the proposal of England was overruled, and the choice of rulers or ruler given, as of old, to the lioldo-Wallachs or to some chosen body of them. It seems that the electoral franchise proposed by Eogland was more narrow and illiberal than that previously established by RuPsia. Some of our contemporaries have spoken of this electoral franchise and:its restrictions. It is a subject, however, little worth expatiating on, for the powers and attributes assigned to the representative Assembly, when it did meet, were so insignificant, that it would have been quite as well to do without one altogether. The Assembly, as proposed by England, was to have no initiative, but was empowered merely to accept the budget and vote the taxes. The scheme, indeed, seems borrowed from the existing Imperial constitution of France. And yet this hu been proposed in the Principalities, not by France but by England. The result of enforcing this in Moldo'Wallachia, in lieu of their old triditioual electoral privileges, would be, that no living peal would take the trouble to vote, except a few functionaries ; and the country would assume the attitude of passive and sullen revolt against both the form and the persons of the govern ment imposed upon them. The Conference of Paris has, however, not sanctioned this abortive scheme of tyranny, to which the name of England is so discreditably attached. Its members perceive that to offer such a flagrant pretext for disaffection, and worse than disaffection, to the Rl:rumens, at a time when the Bosnian. are in arms as well as the Candiotes, and when the Consuls of Christian Powers are no more respected at Belgrade than at Jeddah. would not be prudent, and would only add to the manifold embarrasetnests of the SULTAN and his advisers. The feeling, therefore, seems to be to paw some provisional resolutions; to point to 18.19 as the epoch for inaugurating a constitution ; and to leave Moldavia and Wallachia under their present Go vernment and Governor for another year. We need not say that this merely prolongs agitation, and only proves, what Russia is for ever asserting, that the Western Powers are unequal to the task of or ganising or tranquillising these Levantine States. If motives of political justice and of commercial interest, powerful as we have shown them to be, do not influence the English Government in this question, it ought at least to pay attention to the great military object of the war, which was to inter pose a barrier between Russia and Turkey on the Danube. The only barrier, then, to be relied on was, as Mr. GLAnarona said, the breasts of a free people. But having given the Romans such flagrant cause of aversion to Turkey and of hopelessness in either English sympathy or justice; having cur tailtd the old freedom and privileges of the Princi palities, what right have we to reckon on their grad . •i tude ? The Treaty of Paris has removed the Ras sians about a stone's throw from the waters that are connected with the Danube. A Rusks. army eol.- lected in Bessarabia could occupy the Turkish town of Tonitchs, south of the Danube, in twenty-four hours, scarcely touching in its passage the soil of Moldo-Wallachia. The Russians, even were Western Europe engaged in war, might not venture this, bad they reason to know that the Moldo-Wallachians were hostile, and that they thus would have a hostile population in their flank. But England, Austria, and Turkey have labourtd successfully since the war to reconcile the Ronmans to the Russians. What Power is there to be relied on for the defence of the Danube ? The Turks ? When Russia last invaded the Principalities, what was the language, what the conduct of Turkey? The Porte declared, that it did not consider the occupation of the Principalities by Russia a anus belli. The Porte would do so again. If it cannot defend the Hers.- gov ine against a handful of Montenegrins, how is it to defend the Principalities against Russia? The Western Powers, now reduced to England alone, will then have to defend Moldo-Wallachia with its armies, and that, too, after having rendered the name of England and Englishmen abhorred in the Princi palities. Such a policy is one of fatuous and reek • leas ignorance, not one of justice, generosity, or common sense. popular morals, and the rights of the class whence they themselves have generally come, the Bishops would have felt it their duty to be at their post, and to have marked with their reprobation, proposals they could not by any possibility approve. But the spiritual benches last night were empty. There RIB neither party excitement nor ecclesiastical rivalry to draw their sacerdotal Lordships to the scene they ordinarily grace. It was a mere question of public morals that wan at stake ; so their Right Reverend Lordships were nowhere. Let the people remember these things and ponder them in their hearts. The day of Reform reckoning cannot be much longer deferred. When it comes, let us hope that they will be wiser than they were last time. frbt Court. OSBORNE, A= 29. - - - --- --- The Hereditary Grand Hake and Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg &relit: and Prince Adolphus arrived at three o'clock yesterday from London, attended by Lady Caroline Cast and Bans During. The Queen and Prince Consort drays out with the Grand Duke and Duchess in the afternoon. The Duke of Montrose had an interview with the Earl of Derby yesterday at his official residence in Downing-street. Meetings of the Cambridge University Commissioners were held at 6, Adelphi-terrace, on Tuesday, the 27th, and Wednesday, the 28th inst. The Commissioners precut wen : The Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Chester, the Right Hon. M. I'. Bahia, M.P., the Very Rev, the Dean of Ely, and the Rev. Dr. Vaughan. Despatches were received yesterday at the Colonial-tdioe front the Governor of Malts. Tur House of Lords has decided, by a majority of two to one, in favour of the Increase of Illicit Ex penditure at Elections. That the payment by can didates of the charges said to be incurred by voters in coming to the poll will greatly enhance the cost of elections is not denied: and that such payment is opposed to every constitutional principle admits of se tiering controversy. This, then, is what our aristocratic rulers have resolved upon—to make the east of elections greater than it was before, and to secure the outlay of as much of the money as possible in the initiatory stages and hardly veiled forms of corruption. The scanda lous project has all through been fought not as a question of party, but of class. It has been unmistakeably the aim of the more opulent orders of moiety to shut out the political competition of men of the professions, men of letters, and men of mode rate fortune. They found that the old law of pro perty qualification, as it wan called, had grown altogether obsolete; so they made an empty show of abandoning it. No man of mere talent, learning, or worth could be effectually kept oat by its antiquated provisions ; they were consequently repealed with a loud flourish of trumpets, and the world was called on to admire the progressive spirit in which legislation wan moving, even in Tory hands. No sooner, however, was that done than a scheme for effectually keeping men of small incomes out of Parliament was introduced. The inoperative Property Qualification Act had only applied to certain portions of the kingdom, and to certain constituencies. The new plan of " Com moners' Exclusion" was so framed as to apply to all. Under the transparent pretext of settling doubts as to the legality of exceptional payments made on account of infirm or aged voters, provisions were devised by Mr. WALPOLI and his colleagues render ing it lawful, in all eases—with or without the pre tence of illness, distance, sge, or any other species of necessity—to pay electors for coming to the poll. And this flagitious scheme has been triumphantly carried through both Cham bers of the Legislature, in open disregard of all reason and remonstrance, by the votes of the privileged classes, who, possessing an enormous numerical ascendancy in Parliament, are determined recklessly to try if they cannot render that ascen dancy more absolute and complete. A review of the divisions which took place in the Lower House daring the progress of the Bill places the matter beyond all doubt, and shows the real animus of the measure. The whale of the majority of thirty-three by which the third reading, after a long and eaimated contest, was finally carried in that assembly, consists of the sons or other im mediate relatives of Peers, with one ex ception, that of an honourable baronet who has within the last few days been called to the Upper House. The predominant colour of the majority on that occasion, as upon others where divisions were taken against the vicious and exclusive clauses of the Bill, was indeed Conservative; but on each and all of them Whiggery of various shade, was largely intermingled, and will be found to have materially contributed to the general result. By the time it reached the Upper House, the feeling against the iniquitous and insulting measure had become so pre valent that hopes were entertained by some of effectual opposition being offered to its further pro gems. We confess we did not share these anticipa ting, and we are not, therefore, disappointed. Lord RBCRY made an honourable but unsuccessful attempt last night to stem the current of venality and political pauperisation. He showed that there was not a shadow of pretence for doing mare than passing a Continuance Bill for one year, whereby the provisions of the Corrupt Practices Act as origi. nay pared might, raleant quantum, be kept in force steal the wlylo subject of the electoral system should be considered our , : year. lie reiterated the argu ments that have been used again at indiscriminate license to pay the so-called travelling charges of voters, urging the indisputable truth that in election kw wherever the Legislature uses the word "may," election agents are certain to read "must." He was ably supported by the judicial logic and great expe rience of the Loan Cuter Inertce, who strongly de precated the indecent haste with which the Bill had been driven through their Lordships' House, after the session had virtually terminated and within a few holies of itsformal clogs. Lent CA31)1313.1. treated ith ridicule and contempt the impudent pretext that it could tend in any way to settle doubts as to the real state of the law. It could never have been intended for any such purpose ; for he undertook t" say that before three contested elections should have been fought under the provisions of the Bill as it stood, a variety of new and most difficult questions would inevitably be raised, rendering the return of candidates more insecure than ever, while the first steps would have been taken towards habituating the whole of the constituent body to the worst system of exaction. Lord 0 RANTILLE sought to extricate himself from the disreputable implication of favouring the demoralis ing policy of the measure, caused by the conduct of his late Ministerial chief in the other House of Parliament, and he declared that he was authorised to state, on behalf of Lori LYNDIWRST, that had he been able to be present he should have given his vote un hesitatingly against the obnoxious clauses of the Bill. But neither argument nor authority availed aught. The majority of the Peers had made up their minds upon . the question. It was a good opportunity, they thought, to show their dislike and disdain of everything democratic; and they could not even be induced to listen with ordinary patience to any discussion of the subject. Just a wore of Liberal Peers could with difficulty be mastered to support I those we have already named on di v i s i on ; th e residoe of the Hoene Toting contemptuously for the CA:eruption Bill without modification. It might have been supposed that, upon a question affecting MB EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, JULY 30, 1858. EXPRESS FROM PARIS. (mom ova owx ooxxxspormuct.) PARIS, TILMIEDAY E'VENINO. A Council of Ministers has been held at St. Cloud to-day, in which it is supposed that the im perial voice will have decided various difficulties which have been raised by the creation of the new ministry of Algeria and the colonies. M. Magne,. the Finance Minister, who has returned from his vacation, and relieved M. Fould from the charge of his portfolio, ad interim, was present, as were all the ministers, including, of course, the Prince Na poleon, so that the council was a full one. Some expectation is entertained in financial circles that the negotiations with the railway companies will have received a final sanction in this council ; but I doubt the fact very much. The Western and Southern Companies have asked for extensive modifications of their contracts, on the ' ground that the Brittany and Pyrenean lines, the estimates for which were made by government engineers, will cost much more than has been supposed. It is rumoured that an addi tional subvention is consented to in principle, but I cannot think that the details can be settled before the Emperor's departure for Cherbourg. The Paris Conference, which was to have met to day, has postponed its sitting till to-morrow. The postponement is attributed to an indisposition of M. de Hatzfeld, the Prussian plenipotentiary. In connexion with the Cherbourg fates, the Pre fect of the Manche and the Sub-prefect of Cherbourg have been sent for to Paris, to receive orders from the Minister of the Interior relative to a surveillance of the Channel Islands, where there are a great many French refugee.. Some Sardinian war vessels, which were about to proceed to Cherbourg, have received counter orders directing them to cruise in the neighbourhood of Candia, in order to protect the Chriatians, who are threatened with death by the Muesulmans. The vessels in question are doubtless those which are mentioned by the Toulon journals as having arrived in that port, and the destination of which was not known there. The Emperor has caused it to be intimated that, wishing to form an opinion for himself of the value of Brittany horses, he will inspect an exhibition of different breeds at Quimper, on August 13, and at St. Brittle, on August 18. The Emperor, daring his visit at Troyes, made the following speech to the bishop : Monseigneur, lam happy to see you agate. Your voice is not new to ma. It is very near tan years since I was here, in more difficult Umesthan the present. You thenhadapresenti mint of what I was about to do, or rather of what Providence designed one day to effect by my hands. I am altogether devoted to France! Pray to Clod that I may be permitted to ensure her happiness. I mutt upon your gond prayers. The Imperial Court has purely and simply con firmed the sentence of fins and imprisonment against M. Proudhon. As he is familiar with the interior of a French prison, having already passed three years of his life in one, it is more than probable that his stay in Brussels, where he now is, will be indefinitely protracted. A petition to the Emperor is in course of signature at Metz, praying for a relaxation of the recently established severe rules with respect to the visa of passports. " The result of the new regulations," says the petition, " is a marked diminution of the number of foreign visitors to Metz; and if the present state of things should continue, it is certain that those industrial undertakings which grew up while inter national communication was frequent and easy will be threatened with destruction." A meeting of the French and Italian committees for the subscription to a monument to Daniel Manin has been held at Turin. The Italian committee adopted the proposal of the French deputation, namely—that the monument should represent in a particular manner Manin's leading idea—the inde pendence and unity of Italy. The execution of the work is confided to the eminent artist, Signor Vela, under the direction of a committee composed of MM. F. de Lastsyrie, Lanfrey, Ravin, Tommaseo, Teccbio, and Mezzacapo, with power to add to their number. The state of the Bourse remains unchanged. The Rents roee 6c. for cash, and fell 10c. for account, closing at 68c. 15fr. and 680. Mobilier remains stationary. Railways are firm, but without any variation of more than lfr. or 2fr. in quotations. BELGIUM The discussion on the fortificatir ns of Antwerp was continued in the Belgian Chamber on Wednes day. 3d. Ds Boc (Left) reproached the government with haying proposed en Imperfect system. M. VANDERDONCL (Right) refund hie vote for the project. The object of fortifying Antwerp was, in one of war, to save the opulent, the functionaries, and to make nee of the army for their exclusive de- fence, while the whole country would be given up to the enemy, property pillaged, and the population nose s ore& Popular feeling never went wrong, and the project wee nepognier. Should the country be attacked it would be danded by the whole population ; such was the case in 1180. Bat to make use of the finance* of the state to eve the great awl sacrifice the people was what be could not meatus. He voted against the prject. M. Roo tElt, Minister of the Interior, passed in review the different phases through which the question of the fortifica tions of Motorp bad passed. He gave the results of the labours, and the conclusions of the numerous special oom missions by the government, and by remises of the chamber. He exphirod that If the goverment had not included In its present project the works of the greet einente, it was bemuse that system had been re jected in the committees, and Mill was opposed by the most competent mitherties. To insert it now into the project would be to start shish the whole Treace, of which a speedy sedation was required; it would give rise to debates which would lead to farther delays. The minister than demonstrated that the constric tion of prints hones greatly weakened Berßrilleotiose. As regarded private interests, the talebitente of the eity as well as those of the faubourge wore not nnani mons In favour of the general enlargement. He had a petition signed by 300 citizens of one of the hump against the general enlargement. As regarded the safety of Belgian nationality, M. Bogie, declared that, if the population of Antwerp, whose repre sentative he bed the honour to be lathe chamber, should show itself hostile to the system of dame proposed by the government, he should say to his coustituenta, '• Do with me what you het, I shell not abandon the views with which I connect the salvation of my country. I era the re presentative of Antwerp, but I am also the old repenentalive of Belgian nationality, and the question befon ue is to shield it against external dangers." (Then ereeßu wan with great warmth, created a profound sommlienin the ceember.) VERVOORT (Let) detteded the report of the Central Hoodoo, of which he Is a member. He regretted that • question purely of a patriotic nature should have bee. node one of peouniwy inbred with the city of Antwerp, and that the government should have brought forwards project which bad sot been thoroughly studied. He voted for the yea satiate. Tie chamber the adjourned. A letter from Rome, in the Ticinese Gazette, states that a the 15th the Vice-Governor of Coma wee emend sated in that town, and that a man named Cirro Cirri, who hot just been releaaed from prison, was attacked about the dense dare on the publio square of Furli, sad very narrowly escaped bag murdered. Till CREBBOUG 73T.ES. The anticipated interview between the Qaeen of England and the Emperor of France, at Cherbourg, is ex citing intense interest at Havre, and every steamer and ship that ma be mired there in sdvertlsed to take power's to the meeting of the sovereigns. The Channel bland papers state that the Western Railway Company of France ars about to perform a splendid act of hospitality at Cherbourg. They have taken one of the largest hotels in that port for the entertainment of their friends, and intend to erect tents at the railway station for sleeping accommodation for two hundred persons. Steamers are advertieed to go to Cher bourg from Jersey, Guernsey, and Weymouth. Only four steamers are ►t present known to be going from Southampton —viz., the Pens, Matte, Courier, and Havre. Two der der pilots have already been selected to take over the Pen and Saleette. There Is a large steamer lying in Southampton Water, called the Pacific: 1,0001. has been offered fur the hire of her, to take passengers to the Cherbourg fetes; but the owners have refused to Mt her under 1,600/. The president of the Weymouth and Channel Wards Steam-packet Company has received the following letter from the French Ministry of the Interior, no. " Pule, July 21, 1858. _ _ " Sir,—ln reply to your letter of the 15th inst., I havo the honour to inform you that the passengers by the ships Aquila or Cygnus, which you contemplate expediting to Cherbourg for the file, will be authorised to disembark with out passports, undo the condition that the captain remit to the special police commissioner of the port a list of those pas sengers, by the aid of which the disembarkation and re embarkation can be verified and surveyed. I transmit theme instructions to the competent authorities for the execution of this exceptional decision." The Gazelle de Dusseldorf of Tuesday last says: —"At the moment of going to press we learn from an official source that her Majesty the Queen of Gre►t Britain and the Prins Consort, &composted by the personsges of their court and the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Lord Malracsbury, will arrive in our city on the 12th of August, end will per the night here." His ExoeHoney the Marquis d'A zeglio leaves town to-day for Paris and Italy, on kayo for a couple of months. The Duchess of Inverness has returned to Ken shirks Palace from Richmond. Her grace entertained a select circle at dinner lut evening. The Earl and Countess of Winchilsea have left st. Oserse's Hotel for Eutwell Park, Rent. Viscount Eversley and the Hon. Misses Shaw Lateen leant town to- day for their seat, Heckfield Place, Hants, for tun season. Lord and Lady Foley and family will leave town tomorrow for Worksop Manor, Notts, for the mason. . . . Lord and Lady Calthorpe have left town for limpabire. Lord and Lady Harry Vane have left town for their meat, Battle Abbey, Saw:. Lord and Lady 1 5 Oltimore leave Grosvenor-square to-morrow for Poltimore Park, near Exeter. Lady Nw has left town for Ireland. His lord ship will leas early next week for hie oftiolid residence In the Phut': Park. Sir William Fraser, M.P., will shortly leave Eng. Lad on a tour on the Continent. Lady Molesworth has loft town for Tetcott, Devonshire. Sir Benjamin and Lady Hail have left town for a tour oat the continent. Judge Halliburton, Mr. Roebuck, M.P., and Lord Bury are expected at North Shields on the 10th August, with Mr. Lindsay, the borough member, to twist in the opening of the new Mechanics' Institute building. REPRESENTATION OF BOOTH DEVON.—Tha agent of the Earl of Devon has this morning distributed placards through the town—. Kekewich, a good man and true fee South Devon." Mr. Kekswich, In addition to beieg a country gentleman of some property, aces as '• Receiver" under the Devon trust ; of mane carrying considembie inflamee into the district. Other candidates are men among them Mr. Bastard, of Kitley, who will be op by the Devon and high church party , for his going turned his back upon them. This party will, of course, use every effort for the Devon candidate, Lord Coutteney being one of the principals of the St. Bernebas, confessions' and all, and hie brother, the vicar of Bogey, going the "whole animal" in this direction. A third candidate is spoken of, but no reply has barnas yet received to the appli cation made to him. A Meeting will be held at the Olobe Hotel, in this town, on Saturday, when the leading Con servative gentlemen of the county will decide on the claims of the candidates, and, if possible, ere. in the selection of ewe of the most eligible.—Correspondent of the .I•lrnouth Journal. In the liberal interest a spirited appeal was wade by the Western Times, to the South Devon constituents, to got up a requisition to Mr. Sillifant, and it is clear, from what Immediately took plow In answer to- that appeal, the rsoutsition would have been most numerously signed, and ha Mr. Sillifant gone to the poll he would _probably bare been as encessefal in the south as his friend Mr. Bailer was at the last election in the north. But immediately on Mr. Sillifant hearing of the proposal, he decided on declining the request, and at present no name is publicly mentioned on the liberal side. CHURCH-RATES AT DERBT.—YesterdaymucThrtre day) a meeting of the vestry of St. Peter wee to take into consideration the propriety of granting a church-rate. Mr. Churchwarden Gwen ne explained the °tomb for witch the rata was wanted, and moved ante of Id. k the pound. This was seconded by Mr Pkkering. The 11ev. Kr. Walker moved, and Mr. Stevenson seconded, that a less M Mt grunted. A long and exceedingly temperate &Mei Ise& Owe, when a show of Lando was taken. Them appeared be the rate 27, against the rate W. A poll INS asuraded, which the vicar dud for Monday next, at 10 died, and to elan at 4 p.m. A vets of Wass nee enennedy pseud to the vicar for hie 11111.1111•1 endue. Is think; eke le the churchwardms he the kir W NopuriS neemer they Mlssegittll;subisce beforethe vsetry.—Degy 'sports.). of this day. SOCIETY OP MITS.—FINANCIAL PRIZE ESSAY.— T. Damson, kilnw of the Statistical Society; Kr. Charles Neat', profesew of Piddled Beonomy Is the UM meaty of Oxford and Mr. Jacob Welty, professor of Palatial Boommy in University College, London, the adju dicators appointed by the mama of the Society of Arts, have reported that they have umainsosely selected the Saw marked Z. C. 8., as &nerving the award of the price of Two linadzed Guiana, placed is the hands of council by Kr. Beery Johann. AA the amen are not maim at this meson of the year, the itheirana, in the presume of the secretary, has opined the envelope betties the above motto, and declass that the eseeesefal author of the Zsy is Mr. Eiward Capp., 7, Cheehuot-terrace, Grease-road. litemeadsey. THE SOCTIIIVESTEILE DIVIDEND —The directors of the Louden end South-Western !Witty Comma have reedited to recommend to the proprietor's at the met ing, cm Me 7th August mat. that the di fer the ball year ending 110th Jane, lila be at the rate of 4i. is. Vet cent. per mann on the capital of the company. ITALY. (PROM 0171 OWN CORIMPONDENT.) NAPLES, Jul,: 24. My second letter of last Tuesday I wrote from Salerno, but necessarily so hurriedly that I was com pelled to reserve all details until to-day. The court closed between 9 and 10 o'clock on Monday, the 19th, and the judges then retiring, re mained in secret until midnight. Daring this time great anxiety prevailed in Salerno and Naples for the fate of the prisoners, many being of opinion that at least one or two would be sent to execution, At the hour above mentioned the judges came into court, and the sentence was read in the presence of the Attorney-General, the police authorities, the officers of the battalion of Chassenrs on guard in Salerno, and Signor Tajani, the distinguished advocate of Nicotera, who represented at that late hour the other advocates. In substance it differed little from the demand made in the " requisitorio" of the Attorney-General, and runs as " Death for seven, that is to say—for Nicotera, Neapolitan ; Santandria, Roman ; Oagliani, Milanese ; all three for conspiracy : and Giordano, Valletta, Di Martino, and La Sala, Neapolitans, for participating in the attempt. Fifty-two, thirteen of whom are foreigners, are condemned to 26 years in irons ; nine to the Ergeetolo, two to 30 years in irons, one to eight years. Those who were " relegati" in Ponca (80 in number) are condemned to close imprisonment for the remainder of their time, 48 to imprisonment, two to correctional exile, and 58 are set at liberty in Pones under the surveillance of the police." No sooner wu the sentence read than the Attorney-General produced a sealed let ter, which was immediately opened, and found to be • superior authority, given by anticipation, for the suspension of the punishment of death in all each cases as where it might be awarded. The chancellor of the court, accompanied by a body of chasseurs, was then sent to the prison, to read the sentence. Nicotera and his companions were awakened out of sleep to hear it. It was a cruel feature in the case that Tsjani, the advocate of the principal insurgents, was not permitted to enter the prison on this occasion, apparently from a fear that he might communicate the news of the suspen sion of punishment; not but that Niootera, who has conducted himself with great dignity and fear lessness throughout, was prepared for all consequences, as well as his unfortunate com panions. Thus ended this extraordinary trial, which originated in facts that took place at the end of June, 1857, which began at the end of January, 1858, and was terminated on the night of the 20th of July, 1858. Fuller reports than I have been able to send you had been taken in shorthand for the Italia e Papal°, a paper published in Turin, where those who are interested in this matter will read remarkable specimens of forensic eloquence and of civil courage. It will not be uninteresting to enter into an analysis of the cues of the pri soners. Of the sixteen foreigners engaged in this attempt two were condemned to death, thirteen to twenty-five years in irons, and one, a Piedmontue, to eight years in irons. This last person never landed in Sapri, and his advocate reported his case to the Sardinian Charge d'Affaires, under the impression that he osght to have been liberated together with the crew, and on precisely the same grounds that Daneri was liberated. Another report was made to the Grand Court by Tajani in favour of Mercurio and Cori on the grounds, that the decree of the King ordered the liberation of the entire crew of the Cagliari without any exception. Without rejecting the application of Tajani the judges have condemned these men to 25 years in irons. With regard to the charge of conspiracy, it was maintained by Tajani on the trial that the court was incompetent to enter into the question—for the conspiracy, if any had existed, had been matured in a foreign country. On the Bth of this month, therefore, Tsjani protested strongly against the competency of the court, with what success is but too evident from the sentence which condemns them to death on the charge of conspiracy. That no capital punishment would be inflicted I have had reason to believe for some time, but I did not know until last Tuesday, as I may almost say I do officially, that it was re solved upon, even before the commencement of the trial, that no sentence of death should be carried into execution. I believe, too, that that resolution was formed in consequence of the proofs which were shown to his Majesty of the brutal excesses of the military in Sapri and the neighbourhood—excesses which were exposed time after time on the trial, and which were duly reported by your correspondent. On high au thority, too, I am informed—and, if true, it reflects honour on his Majesty—that had he been acquainted earlier with the facts of the case, so far from sanc tioning the brutalities that were committed, the agents in them would certainly never have been de corated. At the same time it cannot but be acknow ledged that such ferocities are but the natural conse quence of a state of thing. where law is little re garded, and the government of the country is con fided to the police and the military. Ferocities must be committed, and mast be overlooked by a govern ment which fears to rest on legality, and discontent and conspiracy will be the necessary reaction. We wait now for the decision as to what shall be the punishment assigned to Niootera and his com panion.. This, according to law, should be de cided by a commission formed from the Council of State, but practically it will be decided by his Majesty together with the Director of Grace and Justice. His Majesty affects to do everything, and he acts logically on the assumption of divine right, but it may be doubted whether his power is equal to the assumed right. The position of the captain and the crew of the Cagliari, and in fact of the whole Sardinian question, is now most singular. Given up on compulsion the Neapolitan government still attests its right. This we know from the judicial sentence given in the case of the vessel, and in his "requiaitorio " the Attorney-General argued on the assumption of the guilt of the Grew, and went into the facts of the case. The advocate, however, for the defence was not allowed to touch upon them. Had the Neapolitan government tried and sentenced the crew in their absence, and then condemned the Cagliari ow a legal prise, one could have seen the logic of it ; as it is, it is impossible to recognise on the part of the Neapolitan government anything but a lame attempt to get up some balance against the demands of Sardinia- Both governments have now their hostile claims, and it is impossible to believe that matters will remain thus—at least it is an un pleasant position, and muit lead to future ember rusments. I have Risen a faithful report of the state of things up to the morning of Tuesday, the 20th. All were rejoicing in the " grazia" aooorded to the prisoners—the judicial authorities spoke of it to your correspondent with great satisfaction, and the anxiety which had previously existed was now superseded by speculations as to the character of the punishment which would be substituted. The Attorney-General wrote that morning to the Director of Grace and Justice, at Naples, and sent his letter by an usher. " Go back instantly to Salerno, and bring me the report of the trial," was the order. The usher left the office in great trepidation, and was met by one of the advocates of the cause, who sent in his name to the minister under the impression that he could explain matters. The minister coming out demanded his business, and why he was in Naples. "For my own private affairs," was the reply. " What," said the minister, " and your clients in Cappelli" !" " The execution of the sentence is suspended," replied the advocate. " How, suspended ! I know nothing of this suspen sion. Go back directly to Salerno, ask the Attorney- General for the report of the trial, and hasten to the King and ask for his royal mercy." The intelli gence was received late in the day at Salerno, for I left it at eight. At that hoar the judges were under the impression that between twelve and one o'clock they had assisted at the reading of a reprieve. Imagine the scene ! How they must have looked at one another, and blushed at the con. temptuousness with which they were treated. I will readily believe, however, that their grief was as great as their surprise. What must have been the sensation created in the prisoners it is easy to conceive ; for nobly as the prisoners have conducted themselves, life is still dear, and to have it taken from them a few hours after it had been given was a trial of courage to which no one would desire to be exposed. What feeling it produced on the masses I know : there was for the moment a general con sternation and disgust either at the loose mode in which public affairs were conducted, or the recklese indifference manifested to human feelings. In the evening the Attorney-General sent to inform the advocates of the altered state of thing., and to urge their going immediately to his Majesty. Accord ingly, on Wednesday morning, at half-past four o'clock, they left Salerno to procure an audience of his Majesty, who is staying at Cutellamare. THE CAPE MAIL. COT ELECTRIO TELEGRAPH.) (FROM mitt OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PLYMOUTH, FILIDAY. The steamer Norman, Captain Boxer, arrived at Plymouth last night (Thursday), bringing the monthly mails from the Cape, &c., a cargo of colonial produce, valued at over 10,0001., and only a few passengers. The Norman left the Cape June 27 ; St. Helena, Jane 30 ; Ascension, July 4. At the Cape trade and business were generally in a flourishing state. A crisis that was threatened in money matters during the last month had subsided, and affairs throughout the colony bear a character of stability. Some wool speculators had sustained heavy losses. A bill had been introduced to take ofi• all restrictions on money transactions, but was thrown oat by the House of Assembly. Immigration was progressing favourably. All the immigrants that had arrived were employed, and facilities were adopted by the colonists for obtaining more by free and assisted passages. The difficulties between the - free lade Boers and Basutos were still unsettled. The Cape parliament had recommended Sir George Grey to accede to President Boshot's application to act u mediator between the belligerents; but it was afterwards discovered that Boshof had also ap plied to Pretorins for assistance, to save the free atate from being obliged to ask for the mediation of the British, and that an armed party from the trans- Vaal had marched into the free state. Sir George Grey had, therefore, taken no steps towards the proposed mediation. The French consul had claimed the interference of the govern ment on behalf of the French missionaries attacked by the free state Boers. The breakwater in Table Bay was to be built by colonial funds, as government declined to assist. The outward mail steamer l'hcche arrived, June 16. Her Majesty's ships Boscawen and Lynx were at Simon's Bay, and Trident, Medusa, and Vesuvius at Ascension. THE lINITJED STATES. LIVERPOOL, TIWREDAT. The steam-ship City of Washington, from New York on the 17th, arrived this evening, bringing 415 passengers, and over half a million dollars in specie. The .team-ahip Austria, from Southampton, ar rived out on the 16th. The news is but little later than that brought by the Anglo-Saxon. A Washington despatch to the New York Herold says it is reported that a special messenger left yesterday for Mexico, carrying de spatches to Minister Forsyth from Washington, approving his suspension of diplomatic intercourse' with that country, and directing the withdrawal of the Legation, and its return to the United States. It is understood that General Scott has issued preparatory orders for all the available troops on the Atlantic seaboard to be ready to reinforce the army in Washington territory. A detachment of 400 men would sail from New York on the 20th inst. in a special steamer for Aspin wall. These movements are consequent upon the defeat of Colonel Steptoe's command. The correspondent of the York Herald iu Mexico writes that the persons recently sent out of the country, with the exception of Americans, had been invited to return ; but we find an official pro clamation in a Mexican paper which repeals forced loans on foreigners without exceptions. Details have been received of a disastrous earth. quake on the 18th June in the Valley of Mexico. The loss of life is estimated at fifty persons, and that of property in the City of Mexico alone at from five to six millions. A terrible and distressing accident took place on the 16th on the New York and Erie Railroad, by which six persons were instantly killed, and nearly forty more wounded. The night express train en countered a broken rail five miles from Port Jervis, when two ears were thrown off the track down ea embankment which, at this point, is nearly thirty het high and very steep. A collision had also oe coned on Jackson Railroad on the 16th with a mail train, by which many persons ware injured. There is no later commercial news from New York, but the agent of the Associated Press has received the following late intelligence : NEW ORLEANS, 18Tit—Our cotton market has been firm, with slight improvement on middling, &e. The sales to day were 3,000 bales; sales of the weak, 13,500 bales; reoelpti,4,36o balm; increased receipts at this port, 11,250; ditto at all ports, 140,0001 stook, 54,170 bales. Freights to Liverpool, Old. A letter from Athens of the 17th, in the Austria's Gazetto of Vienna says :—" The French steamer yesterday brought the news that the Austrian coned at Retimo, in Candia, who also conducted the Free* consulate, had, after hauling down the Austrian flag, left the place in consequence of acts of violence com mitted against the consulate by the Turks." The fish caught at Gummy daring the past year has be estimated at the yahoo G 120,0004 I 1