The Express. — London, England, 1862-03-14 00:00:00

OD) 4,1171 AND Cal pURK EXTRACT at CALVES' FEET, Par Mrs Callory ITee. rim to 1.1. L. 112.. obile. by ail caanalsta. roc as. S. larks Maluxu,mr w. PZOOND-H•ND PIANOPOZTIB. CILOWIL IWALD, soll WOOD Doe • bop soostasol ......,4... Tiossfalls. by De mool olonoll maim as ward priodo.—on. DerwOolowl. ROYAL NATIONAL LIFEBOAT The COITAL MINIMAL MARTINO el this hailltattes eriß thole as the tenth's TAMS. BiatAlk atre.3, as TUIRDAY next the Pith at The Iti;ht the LORD AMR IN the Chair. RICHARD LIWl,t, Secretary. 14.1eli,strest. A 4 , . Mesh IL Ewe entrexo. TO CoItItISPONIPTNTI. Olverthoesiebta wi" London lrvenlnct roper. wet b. at the ell" 1R bwaveriewtrewt, by Two a ue the oily of pelikaltes. ■ATIIAISI. TWO TTIIIII,O, AYMILIC.A. 00010 f. Mm. %other% larloMis. Mews: Mrs C. Y. is 011 m. —TIC M IVE 4 Itil LR. Yr. MOM Irma 111n.C. Yore,. As.l FAMILY WM. Yr. Clamp.ia—Omsct K T. PIIMPONIM TWO Mow. CAS/I — v. - 6111 0 67 Wld4kaat► sad Plage Moan ll.nrar I sad Ilarria—And OTHELLO. Loom ►older. Ryder. iistr.km. Niter. mil Aria: Llr Carlotta Laclarva ark Hut Motorail. Kr. Jailers. .... TVS Erireswl. FRIENDS Olt FORA. Meow% G. Vining. Dotsn% Ate!. lent. liol.hea, Mat•lwass Mesdames Illerlorrt, Ramer. and Mattis ws.— tad PRIMUS AND ANDROMEDA. Kr. F. Matthews awl M. Softest. weammeace at 7t.. 'RITA inruk. Tiw imam& rtact.c. v. Wnaderfnl Einettrionn -TES SON% OY COLUMBIA.—And TES G A ESL Ur RIPE *am by olds sad Drummond: Mn & Loaa--Conimmomr 1111, NIA WATMI AT lONDOP RAIOSL 111 DAT-41allea 01. Afirusses. It Ow TC.llellhOW —numb& I. Um. Atiemos, 11. Was. LONDON, FRIDAY, MARCH 14. A susu. majority in • thin House will not be long allowed to brand with fictitious shame mar riages which are legalized in almost every Pro testant country of Europe, which have been pro- nounced lawful by repeated majorities of the English Parliament, and which • large body of the most active clergy and bishops, and the whole body of English Protestant Dissenters, have de clared to be perfectly innocent. Nor is it desire ble on public grounds that the irrelevant and con tradictory arguments of journals that have re peatedly hedged on this question should be allowed to mislead any section of the community as to its real merits. Two days ago, for example, • lead ing contemporary, who has often exposed the utter futility of such pretensions, took up the extreme ecclesiastical and high church grounds of protest against legalizing marriages with a deceased wife's sister. Our contemporary openly sym pathised with those high-minded and despotic sectarians who protest that were the legal impedi ment to such marriages removed, they would still resist them as " unlawful and incestuous." Such resistance would no doubt bring them into collision with the civil power, but our contemporary thinks, nevertheless, that they would be justified in opposing, on ecclesiastical grounds, the majority of the nation and the law of the land. Yesterday, however, this lofty position was abandoned, and another taken up, which is in itself entitled to far higher respect. An attempt was made to defend the rejection of Mr. M. Miurm' Bill on the breed ground of Christian civilization and social progress. "The Christian conception of the family," we are justly told, "is something wholly different from " that embraced by any nation of antiquity." The Nisi. of this ...neseion thst of wilt./ wedded love, the union of sympathy and interest between husband and wife ; and the progress of Christian civilization has accordingly been marked by the higher respect attached to the marriage relation, and the growing self restraint exercised in the in tercourse between the two sexes. This law of progress is not only true but most important ; and we am glad to me it broadly recognised in the columns of • journal that startled the public a few months since by the suggestion that marriage was going out, and scandalized not a few by endeavouring to secure a kind of social rccsgnition for the arrangement that was, according to the same authority, rapidly taking its place. But we are altogether at a loss to understand the relation of this law to Mr. N. Moira' Bill, or how it can in any way affect the proposal to legalize marriage with a deceased wife's sister. Even supposing these marriages were in some way opposed to the higher morality which the most advanced and enlightened Christian con sciousness inculcates, would that alone be any valid ground for the interference of the State— would it in any degree justify their forcible prohibi tion ? There can be no doubt that the continuance of the marriage relation is far more in harmony with the dictates of higher morality than its dis ruption ; but is that any ground whatever for the legal prohibition of divorce f And so in • multi tude of other cases a here the Christian conception of duty may forbid what the law not only does but must of necessity allow. The business of the State is to secure our social rights and liberties, not to enforce points of higher morality by legal pains and penalties, and civil and reli gious freedom would soon be destroyed if it ever set out on any such Quixotic crusade. One of the greatest achievements of modern progress and Christian civilization has been, indeed, to defiant more accurately the true province of the State, and to restrict its action more and more within its legitimate sphere. eif late years the attempt to en force a higher morality by Government machinery hail been wisely abandoned, not only as inexpedient and self defeating, bet as practically impossible. Moral ends can only be attained by moral means, and a higher morality must be deluged by appeals to the reason and conscience, not by legal dis abilities; by the gradual spread of higher and truer views of life and duty, not by threats of fine and imprisonment. This haa been abundantly exem plified in the history of social progress. Unfor tunately for our contemporary's argument, the growth of a higher..inception of duty has been invariably marked by the gradual abandonment of mere legal attempts to enforce it. True, Christian civilization has continually broken in its progress tbu b-rol bonds—the mediweal, canonical, and eceletiastical fetters—that not only restricted on every side the lawful freedom of our forefathers, but made the general diffusion of a higher social morality almost impossible. Many supporters of the existing law, indeed, try to show that the proposed change would be inexpedient, But nearly all the serious arguments against it rest wholly on authority. It is, in fact, nothing more nor less than a remnant of the vexatious medieval system of restriction represented in the Canon Law, and which was cunningly devised by Romiah priests and lawyers to extend the power and augment the resources of their Church. The feeble hold which the prohibition still has ea a section of society in this country is mainly doe. not to moral or religious, but to ecclesiastical in fluences. The prohibition is traditional, is custo mary, is enjoiucd by the dominant Church, is printed in the Prayer 11”..1‘, and is therefore right. That is the sum and substance of the whole argument, the ono motive of the lingering resistance spinet the' proposed cheap. It is not only essentially emir &Mafiosi in spirit, but it appears in the worst and lowest form. A prohibition that rests on such • basis is not the offspring of higher morality at aIL It doss not came under the law of Christian pro gress, and, as we have shown, even if it did, that would be no ground whatever for retaining it on the Statute-book. Tim Earl of MALMLABORT appeared last night in the new character of a Reformer. He has taken in hand certain evils and abuses existing in the New Forest. These abuses have attained so great • height, as we learn from the noble lord's speech, that they have led to the foundation of an associa tion—a sort of League or Liberation Society—for their removal by voluntary public effort. To permit proved evils to be so remedied is, in the judgment of the noble Earl, derogatory to the dig nity of the Government, and he has called on her Karincrem Ministers to take the matter in hand. As it is possible that many of our readers were not swan that things are min in the New Forest, we hasten to state that the noble Earl's complaint, reduced to its true dimensions, is neither more nor hers than that the Government does not employ people and paythemout of the taxestokeep upiuch a head of game as would be satisfactory to • few gentlemen who like to sport there. This is the "evil " which his Lordship thinks it the duty of the Government to lessen as much as possible by making the Quses'm forest-keepers do their duty better. Earl Ga.s . .rviu.a replied briefly and to the point, that the noble Lord laboured under • mis apprehension in considering the persons employed by the Crown as gamekeepers. " They were merely " foresters, they did their duty satisfactorily, and " were well paid. Their duties related entirely to " the preservation of the timber, and the Govern " went could not be expected to impose taxes to " be applied in the preservation of game for the " benefit of gentlemen of • particular district." So Lord MALKIIIIIVIIT'S grievance is to go unre &Nod " Ern , Er sun —debauched— humiliated "—is the legend of the phylactery which Mr. Bolo= binds on the forehead of the Liberal party. Such open and unadvised speaking is of course very improper ; and it will be the duty of certain supercilious menials to lament, perhaps to pity, the excesses of candour in which the hon. Member far Birmingham is prone to indulge. Mr. Baionr's letter, however, will be read by tens of thousands who have never been instructed in the duty of making things pleasant, and who will be apt to ask what can be mid in refutation of its trenchant statements. Is it true that the composition of the House of Commons, and the constitu tion and condition of the electoral body from which it proceeds, are such that it is in vain to expect any effectual reduction of our enormous and increasing expenditure from Parliament ? Is it true that the party which rose to greatness and power with the watchwords, "Pease, Retrench " meat, Reform," has trampled in the dust the only principles on which it had any pretence to become a party f Is it true that the Liberal party is at this moment disheartened, divided, and weakened by the unfaithfulness of its leaders f And is it not true that the effect of the gradual renunciation of every obligation binding on a Liberal government as such, is killing public spirit, so that even the last duty that remained to Liberal members, that of checking the estimates, is avw asendone4 t These aim Mao pacati..m. which may more usefully employ the pens of devoted writers than fastidious criticism of style. Let them be fairly faced, or soon the leaders of the Liberal party will only have too much leisure to ponder them. frbe Court. THE EXPRESS, FRIDAY EVENING, MARCH 14, 186 t WINDSOR CAME, NA= l& Her Majesty drove oat yesterday afternoon in an open carriage, ecconipanied by the Crown Princes. of Prussia (Priem. Royal), sad the Prisons Helena. Colonel the Hon. A. N. Hood at as bareback Sir George Cornewall Lewis arrh-sd at the Castle yester day. and had an audience of her Majesty. The Queen, accompanied by the Princess Alice, took a drive to-day is an open carriage. Colonel the Hon. A. N. Hood attended on horseback. It mut erroneously stated th►t the Queen rods on Tues day. A depotatioe from the Needlewomen's lostitatios bed en interview with the Right Hoe. Sir George Comma Lewis 00 Wediusday at the War-office. Despatches were received at the Colonial-office yeatenlay from the govereors of Ileligoleod and the Mauritius. De @patches were emit to the 'overeat. of Canada. The Marchioness of Dovrnehire gave a dancing party La.tevening at the family tuansios is Belanivraquira. The Kiri and Couuteea of Clarendon have ar rived at their residence in Grosvenor-erescent !rota Tbs Grove, Lear Watford. The Ladies Villiers are on a visit to Lord and Luly Skelmersdale, at Latham /louse, Lan cashire. The Earl aod Countem Somers have arrived at that rennin* at Prison-gate frau Eagan Cast* Hem fordshira, for tlate seams. Lortnierrier has arrived at Thomas's Hotel, Ilarkeley square, from Ereriagbazu Park, Yorkshins. A large awl influeutiAl 'meeting was held at Tavi sloth cm Theoday eveniog, foe the purpose at taking mew soon for erecting a memorial to the late Doke of Bedford. Au influential committee was appointed to consider the farm of memorial to bs adapted, and to report to another public meeting. A meeting of the College Hietorical Society took place on Wednesday evening in the diniog.liall of Trinity College, Dublin. 'The Right floe. Joseph Napier, ez-Lord Chancellor, presidest of the society, occupied the chair. The subject of debate war, " Whether the abolition of the Viceroyalty of Ireland would be a wise measure." Speakers having been heard on both aides, on a division, the affirms- Uwe of the question was carried by a majority of 12 to 4. The prevident expremed his concurrence in the decision ar rived at by the majority. . . . Mr. Hansard ou Monday will bring iu a bill to meal the laws relstiog to charitable donations and bequests is Ireland. Sir Edwaril Grogan on Monday will abk the Chief Secretary for IreLod, "If be intend.' to bring forward a I,llh ,luring the present session, for making the reputed fathers of illegitimate children in Ireland responsible for the maintenance of such children." Atnoug tho passengers ou board the French ship Descartes, which arrived at Alexandria on the sth, were Mgr. Mouly, Bishop of Pekin, seven missiossry priests, sad fifteen sisters of charity for the service of • European hospital to he foes led at Pekio. The sisters have been also authorised by Prime Koss, the regent of China, to found in the capital • dispensary for poor I !biome,. and they carry with them for that purpose • complete stock of medica ments sod other necesatry articles. Mgr. Mouly, the priests, sad the sisters will embark at Suez on board • vessel of war, which is to take them to the Bay of Petchili, where • gun. ►eat will be in waiting to take them op the Pei-Ho to Tien- Tiring, about twenty-five miles from Pekin. A New York correspondent says :—" Standing seer me at the enmities et Captain Gordon to-dav was Edwin James, the celebrated criminal lawyer of England. He Is getting peeks! in Mr criminal matters. James said it wee one of the moat delightful allocutions he had ever at• tended, and what seemed to surprise him the moat was this feet—that none but gentlemen were present. There were not over 50 parser's present besides the soldiers of the United Stake Marino." MUSIC. M& uNowars LECTURE& Last night, at the Marylebone Institution, Mr. Henry John Lincoln delivered the first of two lectures "On the Operatic Overture, from its origin to the present time." Mr. Lincoln bail long been highly distinguished as • musical lecturer, a vocation for which he is pre-eminently qualified from his thorough knowledge of the art in all its branches, his greet talents as a prnatMal muician, and his attainments as a man of letters. Of late years he seemed to have 'retired from a field in which be has had m•ay followers, but no rivals, and it give* us satisfaction to find that he has now returned to it. His lectures have always been lectures in reality, and not mere pretexts (u musical lectures often are) for an inferior sort of concert. They are discourses on topics connected with the art, full of interest and instruc tion, and the music introduced by way of illustration, thoogh often highly pleasing, is strictly calculated for its purpose—the elucidation of the subject. The Operatic Overture is, one might at first be inclined to think, • narrow subject ; but it is not so, and in the way in which it is treated by Mr. Lincoln it might furnish mat ter for • longer course of lectures than he is giving. The origin and progress of the operatic overture involves the origiaand progress of the opera Resit. Mr. Lincoln last night carried us back to the beginning of the seventeenth watery, when the musical drama, in its first rode form, amp in Italy, and when the overture was nothing more than • few trivial chords struck by the simple orchestra of that day, merely for the purpose of calling attention to the per formance about to brgin. It was not in Italy that the overture first acquired may musical importance, but in Franco, where the its rumental preludes to Lulli's operas were found so inimmiting that they served as models to all the dramatic communal that age, not excepting Handel himself. Mr. Lincoln's fat Illustrations were the over tures to Ladles Phaeton end Handers Binaldo, simple compositions, wasintlag of a brief slow move ment and • fugue, both out in the same mould, but showing Handers superiority in masterly coun terpoint. It was still in France that further progress con. tinned to be made. Eamesu—ones one el the greatest Dm in unwind Winery, though •ow almost toriotien— introduced greeter bolder end freedom of style, es Mr. Lincoln showed by the performance of one of his overtures. But it was not till the time of Gluck that the overture be• came what it is now, a real prelude, expressing by ward. patios the feelinp and puler excited by the drama. As an lila...tutus of this Yr. Limoln gave the overture to Glades Abate, in which the tender and pathetic &ame bic of the risco is dimly expressed. Still, the old forma were partially preserved, till Nowt appeared and struck into ma entirely new path of dramatic oompositkm, throw* his overtures into forms undreamed of by say of his prede cessors. To show this, Mr. Lincoln took the overture to Figaro, exceeding in gaiety the opera to which it is the pre lude ; sad the overture to the Ander/kite, that marvellous combination of the most scholastic tonna of art with the utmost freedom and boldness. Continuing Ida narrative, and paring cursorily over several minor composers, Ilr. Lincoln gave further specimens of progress from theworks of Milani, Cherabini, and Beethoven ; concluding with a performaeoe of the Let•named composer's overture to Leonora, the third and greatest which he wrote for the opera now known by the title of lidelio. In this meagre outline of Mr. Lincoln's lecture, given tn our own words, we have not attempted to reproduce his lucid and often eloquent language, his just and excellent remarks and criticisms. The overtures introduced as ilium tratioes were performed on two splendid grand pieces of Broadwood'a, by the lecturer and Yr. Adolph Kies, a well. known and OriliWWIS young pianist. The arrangements from the full score were made by Yr. Lincoln himself, we believe, with great skill and judgment ; and the admirable execatiou of both performers preserved le a ressarkable degree the ,isteetime of the eximpoesrs. There is no way, indeed, in which a great orchestra can be so well represseted as by two performers:on two pianofortes. It is the same way (to use Mr. Lincoln's own illustration) at a psiatieg is repreaseted by a fine engraving. The colouring is sot there, but there is everything sise—form, light sad sheds, coestruction, grouping, and expressive. Avid leased there is ones, in this kind of performs's, a closeness, precision, and clearness of hammy, which it is surely possible to obtain from a multitude of instruments. Accordingly the effect el some of the pieces—especially the overtures to Figaro, We .Ir e wio r fiag g , —4 Za..norsa -wee deligtatial. sad we las • e seldom beard than fine oompositioes more warmly ap plauded whim they were played by • full orchestra. Mx. limaolaba utiila,ide fish' before him is Meat* as be 'neat do, of the Inas of the most modern composes., the Itoriais, Webers, Meyerbeers, Spobm, Mendelseohns, and Auer' of our own day ; and his second lecture, thew fete, promisee to be at least as interesting as his Ant, ROYAL ENGLISH OPIS.A.-311. HAZIIIBOIIII, Bran.—We wish to remind ant Moil modem that Mr. Herne= has his benefit toreatrew even*. _ The enter tainment& are very attractive, of,ißalfe's gay and beilluiot opera, The Rose of Castilla and a new operetta entitled Court sad Cottage, said to be of much merit. Mr. Benison well deserves public favour and support, not only as an exoellent performer, but am a spirited, judicious, sadliberal manager, who bee done more them soy other individual of our day in raising the fallen fortunes of the English musical stage. if wows will compare for a moment the present state of our 21/61111101 apses with what it was a few years ago, he will at aaatputasive how much the public is indebted Wale Mao awl exerlioas of llr. Harrison. MR. CHARLES DICKENS'S READINGS. Last night, in the large St, James's Hall, which was crammed to repletiou—ell the stalls, nearly 500 in number, having been pre-mewed so early aa inturdey laat—Mr. Dickens gave a reading. divided, as usual, into twoparts ; We first being the "History of David Copperhald, " one. pressed into six chapters; the second, the description of Mr. Bob Sawyer's supper-party, from "Pickwick." The " Copperlield". serious interest is entirely confined to the story of little Emily, commencing with her betrothal to Ham, and ending with her recovery after the flight, sad the description of the memorable storm in which if teerforth is drowned, and Haul beaten to death by the waves iu his attempt at rescue. The chapters relieving the echoes terest are devoted to the Micawber pecuniary transactions, and the domestic difficilltiesof Copperfield and his child-wife. In this reading Mr. Dickens has expelled all his orevioes efforts, and taken even higher rank am a dramatic artist than he had previously attained. His °inception of Pegotty, the rough honest fisherman, is throughout hue, but in the scene where he first bears of the be; of his niece, sad again where he narrates his wanderings in search of her, it approaches the sublime. Finer facial expression mown be conceived, and it is assisted by exquisite modulation of the voice, as the different passions are expressed. This, and the fish description of the storm, given with terrific force amidst a deathlike silence, an the gems of a thoroughly delightful performance. Mr. Bob Sawyer's supper-pasty came as a pleasant relief after the sombre coeclusiou of -" Cupperfield," sad wee as the farce to the tragedy. What need be said of the "entire and perfect chrysolite" of fun, save that it kept everybody in roars far twenty minutes, and that in Mrs. Ralik, the obstreperous, lanCedy, Mr. Dickens, has one of his finest personatioes. The audience was as appreciative as it woo numerous—set • point missed —aDd between the parte, awl at the eatelusioia, Mr. Dicks= experieoced • thorough oration. MOIrS. ROBIN'S' ENTERTAINMENT. The Soirees Famtastiques given by this expert magician at the Egyptian Hall continue to be a source of attraction and amusement, the performances being cos stantly varied, mid the " changes" effected being as fre quent in one sense es they Sr. surprising in another. Lest evening M. Robin essayed • new species of entertain ment in addition to the ordinary feat. of legerdemain which form the leading feature in his programme. The novelty consisted is • panorama of the various places to be visited by his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales on his tour to the East, and this was exhibited through the medium of an instrument invented by M. Robin himself, and which he calls en " agiossope." The machinery employed in work ing this instrument resembled that used in the representation of " dissolviag views," bat the ingenuity of IM. Robin has ' contrived various novel effects, for which he claims to him self the merit of originslite. These comprised moveable changes of cloud, the falling of snow, the rippling of water, the gushing sound of cascades, and the p ass i n g of vessels from one point of view to another. Amongst the most interesting features exhibited may be mentioned the colossal statue of Bavaria, at Munich, the church of St. Mark at Venire, her Majesty's ship Osborne, off the Port of Alexandria, the Convent of St. Catherine on Mount Sinai, the Pool of Siloam, the Mosque of Omar at Jerusalem. the Holy Sepulchre, the Lake of Tiberias, the City of Dammam (with a flee effect, exhibiting the destruction of the Christian quarter), the Forests of Mirombe, the Falls of Lietteni, the Convent of St. Anthony, • panorama of the places sea between Burnt and J ail s, the City of Malta, &c. The tourist is su pposed to start from • spot whence Westminster A bbey is visible, ad to terminate the journey at Windsor, the castle being • prominent object in the concluding tableau. The whole affair is admirably con ceived and most skilfully executed, and those who desire seine little excitement, ii addition to the "accusation* pro duced by M. Robiu's powers of magic, will do well to satisfy themselves that he is not only one of the most remark able of conjurors, but also one of the ablest contrivers of scenic effects. LATEST INTELLIGENCL FRENCH DIPLOMACY. The Dnissels independence states that M. Thou venel has sent a note to the new Italian ministry demanding, in the most urgent manner, the cessa tion of the meetings of the Provvedimento, or, at least, that there shall be more calmness in their deliberations. Diplomatic French agents have, it is affirmed, Bet out for Turin, charged to support with the Italian cabinet the observations of M. Thouvenel, and to enforce the same considerations upon General Garibaldi and the chiefs of the committee at Genoa. At the moment at which M. Thouvenel sends this note, it is alleged that the minister transmits to the Marquis de Lavalette the text of the address of the Senate, adding, that he need not call the attention of that diplomatist to the force given by the unanimity of the Senate to the counsels which, with so much perseverance and so little result, have been addressed by the govern ment of the Emperor to the Holy See. It is said that in the same despatch M. Thouvenel intimates to the Marquis de Lavalette that he will shortly be in a position to send to him the address of the Corps Legialatif, and will possibly announce to him at that time new instructions. Lastly, another despatch of • much more urgent charac ter has been addressed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs to the cabinet of Madrid, demanding that it should put an end in the shortest possible time to the misunderstanding which continues at Vera Crux between the commanders of the Spanish and the French forma, and informing it that in Case of an agreement not being speedily established, the im perial government would consult its own dignity and the health of its troops by causing the French expedition to advance. PRUSSIA. Prince Hobenloe, who has just been appointed President of the Cabinet, is an active member of she feudal party and the President of the Chamber of Peers. M. de Hohenzollern, whom he re places, was a liberal. The other liberals in the Cabinet find their position increasingly delicate. Already M. de Bethmann has given his portfolio to Count de Schwerin, who, in turn it is said, seeks to retire. M. de Patow is also reported to wish for a successor ; and it is much doubted whether M. d'Auerswald will con sent to be one of a Cabinet presided over by Prince Hohemloe. The greater number of the deputies have now left Berlin. In parting the general expression was "du revoir—in May." THE AMERICAN WAR. -RUMOURED COMPROMISE. The following " coals to Newcastle" are im ported by the Petrie, Prase, and other Paris journals :—" A despatch from Loudon gives the following intelligence :—A member of the Cabinet replied on the 12th to a deputation from one of the moat important manufacturing districts of England, that accounts received on the same day from Wash ington enabled him to state that, towards the month of June, a friendly separation will take place between the North and the South. Three states, Tennessee, Missouri, and Kentucky, will return to the Northern Confederation, which will be composed in future of 21 states, while the South will only comprise 13. The two republics will have no laud customs' duties. The search for 411 , a will be furbiadva ia all the states. anti slavery is to disappear within a period of 30 years, and be replaced by free labour, which will be introduced gradually." ITALY. A letter from Turin, of the 10th, says :—" In spite of all N. Lanza's efforts to upset the new ministry, the number of M. Ratazzi's adversaries are fewer every day. The meeting of members of the majority got together by Lanza did not muster more than 75, and of these 10 are not anti-Ratazzists. The remaining 65 are split up into at least half a dozen different shades of opinion. At the meeting M. Bertolini at tacked the ministry as being revolutionary. BL Sanguinetti observed that the cordial reception which Ratazzi had met with from the Emperor Napoleon was a guarantee that he was not revo lutionary. Thereupon N. Bertolini changed his ground, and taunted Ratazzi with being the valet of Napoleon 111. This latter accusation, from the laughter which it provoked, seemed to be con sidered by the meeting as contradictory of the former. M. Ricasoli's patriotic departure for Switzerland, in order that his presence may not be au occasion of difference, has strengthened Ratazzi materially." THE BOURBONISTS IN NAPLES. NAPLM M•scs 8. Yesterday evening, at about 8 o'clock, the polioe found in a hut on the Champs de Mars, near the tavern called the Pulcinello, a quantity of bombs, arms, and combustibles, some bourbon proclama tions, and a white flag with the flour de lys. Two men in charge of this depot were smoking, drink ing, and playing at cards, in tho hope of averting suspicion by their apparent unconcern. The re actionist clique at Rome is very active. A. proclamation has been circulated here, exhorting the Neapolitans to recall their King, and drive out the " foreign barbarians." This appeal to civil war is printed in the Pope's own printing-office, as au official stamp upon it proves. The brigand chief Chiavonc, now restored to the Rood graces of Francis 11., who had quar relled with him, is collecting forces at Terracing for a fresh raid. (IZUTZeII THE ITALIAN NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION. TURIN, MARCH 13 (Evening). Garibaldi is expected here to-morrow and will be present at the sittings of tho Chamber. At the meeting of the National Rifle Associa tion, which will take place on the 16th inst., under the presidency of Prince Humbert, Gari baldi will be ♦ice-president. Garibaldi also intends to make a tour through Italy, and will preside at the inauguration of the National Rifle Association in the Italian towns. THE BANK OF FRANCE. PARIS, MARCH 14. The Mtnateur of this morning publishes the usual monthly return of the Bank of France, which shows tho following results as compared with the February account: Imams& Cash in hand Bank notes 61 millions. a ) 9 Treasury balance Current accounts Advances llOl -„- DZCZZAIN. Bills discounted, not yet due MI „ ADIERICA, FEDERAL OCCUPATION OF NASHVILLE,- REPORTED ADVANCE OF THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC-PRESIDENT DAVIS'S MESSAGE TO CONGRESS. NEW YORK, iLtacig 1, Nomura. (Per Keraroo via Queeostowo). The Federal occupation of Nashville is officially confirmed. General Buell is reported to have surrounded the Confederates at Murphresboro', and to have allowed them two days to surrender unconditionally. General Banks' division of the Federal force has crossed the Potomac from Sandy Hook to Harper's Ferry, has occupied Bolivier and Charleston, and the surrounding country on both sides of the Shenandoah. No opposition to the Federal advance has yet been offered. It is believed that a general forward movement of the army of the Potomac is in course of taking place, as the transmission of all military news from Washington is forbidden. The Memphis journals say that General Polk has ordered the track of the Memphis and Ohio railway to be torn up, previous to the Confederate evacuation of Columbus. The Confederates are to fall back from Columbus to an island on the Mis- sissippi, 44 miles below. This island is said com pletely to command the river. Lord Lyons's correspondence upon the Trent affair is favourably criticised by the New York papers. President Jefferson Davis in his Message to Con gress says : Sines my lest meensge to the Provisional Congress events have densometrated that the Confederate Govenameet has attempted more then it has the power to achieve. Hews, in an effort to protect by arms the whole Confederate territory, both seaboard and inland, we have been so exposed as recently to encounter serious digesters. The Confederacy when formed was destitute of men to carry on war on so gigantic a scale. It has done all that humas power and foresight could do to make up for this deficiency. The valour and devotion of the people have sustained the . _ No official reports have yet been received of the discom fiture of our forms at Roanoke Island and of the fall of Fort Roamsboa, sad I am, therefore,unable to oommuniaste such information of peat events and the consequences re sultiog from them as to en►ble me to make the reoommeada tions they have produced. Enough is known of the surrender of Roanoke Island, however, to make us feel that it was deeply homiliatiag. Strenuous efforts are Wag made to throw reinforcements to our armies at the positions now threatened ; end I doubt not greeter exertion; will speedily secure results as favourable to the Confederate mail, as the early period at the war. . . . . The policy of abort enlistments has contributed to recent reverses, and now moan it difficult to afford an accurate statement of the army. When the war commenced people could with difficulty be persuaded it would be long and serious. It was deemed impossible that anything so insane as a persistent attempt to subjugate these States could be made; still less that delusion could so far prevail as to give war the vast proportions is hasassumed, so that it has beoome probable the war will continue through a aeries of years. Soldiers generally are menlistiag. A whole body of new levies and re-enlisted men will probably be ready in thirty days. The present force may in general be 'toted at 400 regiments of infantry with • proportionate force of cavalry. The praises of furlough and re-enlistmente last month had weakened the foressfor a nascent& defence. This evil is now substantially at an end. The state of the ' navy is each that we may ocruddently rely on orntseting the vaunted control of the enemy over oar waters._ In speaking of the state of the finances, the Pre sident said : There is no floating debt. The credit of the government expenditure for the year is 170 million. ; a sum less than the value of one year's cotton crop. • moo+ ing of cotton and mhaoeo Plante" has been held at Richmond to consider the question of the voluntary destruction of the cotton and tobacco crops, and a committee has been appointed to pee pare the business for an adjourned meeting. . . A resolution has been introduced in the Confede rate Congress to the effect that the South will pledge the last man and the last dollar to prosecute the war and to maintain the right of self-govern ment. The resolution has been referred to the Military Committee. Another resolution was offered, providing a compensation for cotton and tobacco burned. The Raleigh Register emusiders it would be criminal to deny that the present is the most gloomy period the South has witnessed sine the commencement of the war ; and urges the people to fight to the last. The Southern journals state the Federal occu pied Nashville on the 23rd February. The Federal post-office at Nashville will shortly be re-opened. The Savannah Republican says :—" The Federala have effectually closed communication between Pulaski and Savannah, and have erected three bat teries for heavy tuns at the commanding point.." Two Federal Commissioners have been appointed to examine into cases of political prisoners, and to determine if they shall be discharged or remitted to military or civil tribunals. The Federal General Curtis, bas occupied Fayet teville, Arkansas. The Confederates have burned the town. General Price's army has retreated into the Indian territory. General Scott's nomination r-s ambassador to Mexico has been withdrawn. The British prize steamer Labnan, which was captured off Texas, has arrived at New York. The Hibernia has arrived out. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. NEW YORK, 11mica 1, Nolmmo. Money tighter. Exchange dull : on London, 112} to 113. Gold, n prem. Treasury notes, prem. Stocks steady. New York Centrals, ; Erie, 34f ; Illinois Centrals, 64. Cotton firm, advancing ; sales of the day 1,600 bales, Middling Upland, 23c. Flour tending down wards. Wheat quiet, but prices unchanged. Corn quiet. Sugar extensive demand. Coffee quiet. Molasses unchanged. The following telegram has been received at Mr. Reuter's office, from the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company, March 14 : CALCUTTA, CHINA,.. AND AUSTRALIAN The Sultan, with the above mails, arrived at Marseilles at 5 a.m. this day. The mails were to leave for London at 10 a.m. M. MR's' new trial is to come on at Douai on the 3let of the month. M. Jules Fevre has just delivered a remarkable speech on the occasion of • trial as to the legality of a catholic clergyman's marriage. He painted in such glowing colours the delights of that state, that long applause attended him in court and followed him out of doors. He mourned over the bachelor's comfortless state, "and Proved," writes a Paris correspondent, "that no men, whether devoted to the world or to heaven, was capable of fulfilling the duties of life without he experienced con jugal bliss." From the bishop who had come to give his evidence, to the clerk of the notary, everyone seemed to respond to the suggestions of the learned advocate ; and in the provinoe where he expatiated numerous marriages are likely to be the immediate result of the pleeding of the eminent barrister. As the judgment is, however, not yet delivered, its iofituruce upon the future prosperity and hap. pines of the clerical individuals for whom he has thus dia tioguished himself are yet to be ascertained. RICPRE6B FROM PARIs. CIIKII 001 OWN 0011ZRPONDENT.) PARIS, THURYDAT Evestsa. In the Corps Legislatif to-day M. Emile 011ivier withdrew the amendment of the five member, ou the subject of America, considering that part of it was rendered unnecessary by the decisive declara tions of the government in favour of neutrality, and that, with a view to save time, the remaining part might be taken as essentially embodied iu the following amendment, presented by MM. Morin, Lemercier, Guyartl-Delalain, the Marquis d'Aude larre, and A. Jubinal : The civil war which desolates America is a serious injury to French manufactures and commerce ; we offer up th e , most ardent wishes that those dissensions may speedily ter. mina* and that the great principle of the abolition of slavery may come victoriously ont of the struggle entered into on that subject. M. Morin opened the debate by supporting the above amendment. The Preset, justly terrified by its warning, avows that it scarcely dares to make a remark upon the debates in the Corps Legialatif. Nevertheless it ventures to call attention to the remarkable ad. mission made by K Billault, that although the " Italians " had no right to complain of the French occupation of Rome, yet that the " Romans " may justly say that their right to self-government "is violated by us." Nothing like this, the Preile justly observes, has ever been said by the French government before and the inference it draws from the important dealara tion is, that, in spite of all tergiversations, M. Jules Favre's prophecy that the Roman question will not exist next year, will prove correct. The Opinion Nationale also akes a hopeful view of N. Billault's speech. " The Roman question," say s that decided partisan of Italy and confident of M. Gueroult, "is not solved, but it must be admitted that it has made a step." The Temps which, in spite of the warning to the FMK, announces its intention to continue at its risk and peril to analyse the debates, thus sums up Billault's speech : Folliiiift l / 2 who never thought of being a minister, once said : _ Ou us pout consenter tout le monde et eon pkre. Had he lived to hear if. Billault's speech, he would have admitted the falsity of his famous line. He would have seen that on a question which, to use the words of the address, "universally troubles minds and consciences," it was possible for an eloquent orator to say yes sod no on the same day, and to obtain a unani mous vote for his double thesis. The problem which M. Billsult proposed to himself, both in the Senate and the Corps Legiel►tif, was by no means an easy one. His task was to bold the balance exactly even between " ob. stinate refusals" and " impatient aspirations." Too much blame for "obstinate refusals" would have pleased Italy, but offended the clerical party. Too much blame for " im. patient aspirations" might have discouraged them too much. A little blame to each, no doubt, causes a little di. satisfaction in each quarter, but it permits both to hope for that help from Providence which It. Billault invoked in a brilliant perovatioe, and certainly with great apropos, for the decrees of Providence were sever more impenetrable than they are Just now, with regard to this question. It is a remarkable fact, as showing the progress of the Roman question, that whereas last year the catholic opposition mustered 90 votes against the address, this year they only count 10 ; and yet the address is palpably worse for the Pope than before, since it studioualy avoids all mention of the tem poral power. It is rumoured that the Emperor lately wrote an autograph letter to Victor Emmanuel, complaining of the Provvedimento Society, which Baron Ricasoli resolved to tolerate, and declared. legal. M. Retaui's threat to dissolve the society, which, probably, he will not execute, is naturally attri buted to this letter. The Moniteur's bulletin to day speaks of the Provvedimento with displeasure. The Bourse has somewhat recovered from the shock of yesterday, and is tolerably firm, but with little business doing. The Bente closed for cash at yesterday's price, 69fr. 66c., and for account at 69fr. 75c., with a rise of 15c. Mobilier roae 7fr. 50c., and the Italian Loan 10c. The Orleans,Lyons, and Southern and Western railways were from lfr. to 3fr. higher ; Eastern fell lfr. 25c. ; and in Western there was no change. It is reported that the Bank of France returns are favourable. A sale of 35 horses of French breed, from the Emperor's Versailles stud, took place to-day at the Paris Tattersall's, and produced 80,000 fr., or nearly 1004 per horse on an average. Lieutenant von Sobbe, of the Prussian army, who was in prison in the fortrees of Glogau (Silesia), charged with the murder of the waiter at an inn, has escaped, with another officer implicated in the affair. It is stated that the fugitives have sent a letter to the general commanding at Glogau, in which they say that the long confinement and suspense bad become unendurable to them. The letter is said also to contain a justification of the breach of the parole of honour they bad given not to leave the fortress except accompanied by an officer. It is also stated that they had been tried by a court-martial, but that the sentence had not yet received the royal confirmation. The Levant Herald of the sth says :—" Yester day his Majesty received the twelve mollahe who, sword- Mg to immemorial custom, discuss religious questions with and before his Majesty for several hours a day during the first week of Rainaran, These venerable disputants are specially chosen from the whole body of Mamas for this function, and during the discharge of it they are admitted to an entirely exceptional freedom of intercourse with their august catechumen. During the lecture his Majesty sits on a sofa, and immediately in front of him the twelve teachers of the law squat on carpets on the floor. The custom, it is said, dates back far into early Turkish history. ° We to-day publish news from Bombay to the 27th of February-15 days ago ! The Italian feeling at Trieste runs extremely high at the present moment. The Austrian officers are altogether excluded from the houses of the townspeople. A great sensation was created at one of the Milanese fancy halls last week, by the appearance of two new costrunes, "knickerbockers," copied from the Eoglish. A black velvet coital and knickerbockers, red stockings, and shoes and buckles, made a/ swore in the room. . . , The Marseilles journals announce the arrival there of the Italian General Fanti, formerly Minister of War. Au imperial decree in France approves of the formation, at the Palace of St. Germain, of the museum of Celtic and Gallo-Roman antiquities, already mentiofied, to be placed under the general direction of the imperial museums, and charges M. Roseignol, conservator of the archives of the department of the Cote d'Or, with its special superintendence. " The Quartier Latin," says the Paris cone. spondent of the Post, "no longer exists. The Rue St. Jacques, the Rue Masson Sorbonne, sod all the narrow streets that once formed this classic spot have disappeared. New and majestic houses have risen where were once the dingy shades of the students. There are no longer any et those dark and gloomy cells where Alfonso and Jules were tenderly watched over by their fair grisetten, who &fea tioeately darned their stockings, divided the small portion of cheeps' trotters which served them for their dinners, and on Sunday,with all the finery that my uncle's store afforded, waltzed away at the ball at Sceaux. The Quartier Latin, Where once my careless boyhood strayed,' now boasts of innumerable pensions, where scraggy dames y i d,e i n and do for the student on such economic terms that his outward appearance does not exhibit the gay, fuse, bold-faced con spirator, Pierre?' ETENOWOICAL Socirrr or LONDON.—The society will meet on Tuesday, March 18, at eight o'clock precieelY , when the following papers will be read :—"1. On the so• clout iodise tombs of Chiriquut, in the Isthmus of Darien. by W. Balton, Esq. ; 2. On some stone cella from lodise tombs, by C. C. Butte, Eaq."