The Express. — London, England, 1849-01-02 00:00:00

: 1 1 • 2 TRANSPLANTING LARGE EVERGREEN TREES AND SHRUBS. Preparation of the aubj-et intended for removal is the Ann step tsrarth a successful remit. Large boffin, yews, cedars, sad similar orausental evergreens iatended for Immediate egret, should have their roots pruned an) time before they begin to grow. In some imamate it will be letter to dig a math within a reasonable distance from the bole of the tree, so as to Waist a ball no larger than ran be transplanted. This trench should be eat eufaciently deep all reuse the tree, and as much nadir it as may &Fixer neces sary to get at the principal roots, which shanid be eat thwagli, and the soli again filled in. Tim wound. will be completely healed by toe astanin, and numerous rootlets sent out into the loose soil. The nest point fur oar cossidaratka is ask proper season when the opined set of emospleating should be conducted. Thin winter months, that is tram the end of October to the b.:ginning of April, have been morally MI ensierded, in • d almost univenslly so. Not that it is nowevir the right INISAS for the execution of such work, and the slightest atqueint tees with vegetable physiology will conclusively demonstrate the truth or this &SIMISIaOII. Let it be clearly untentood that allusion is here made to plants of from sir to Miny feet soil upwards is height, end sot to mere nursery stock, which is geaenlly kept moved about every two years, to *mere its safety whets transplanted at permanently ; be sides, its portabili:y enables tie operator to enure a ball sad the principal part of the fibres. although this work would be muck more safely performed at a different season. It would be traversing over a beaten track to enter into sty general detail respecting the ascent and descent of the dunes in plants, and the formation and deposition annually nl new woo lin all Litmus vegetation. It will be sufficient to state that this extension and formation takes plies chiefly after Midsummer, and principally in evergreens during a•ttumn, wh. n the young shoots begin to attain • eertein de ✓es of eons tuney. It f daring this downward ti ndency of the fluids, and when the solar action is in some measure on the deellae, that tho operations of transplanting should goon rapidly; and, if this is intended to be conducted ex .ensively, tna end of August is a good time to beg i n, September being tt.e West month is the year, selecting such plants to com mence with as have mar.. red their shoots. Another and very impotent reason remains to be stated why autumn is to be preferred for undertakings of this hind in preference to winter. The form of the sun during summer, aldose. h now on the dmiins, has warmed the earth to a con iderable de g; he and depth, so that the muttlated roots are aim:wa nt ely situated on a gentle bottom heat, whick rapidly pro. la rtes cientrisatien, aad frequeatly aids the emission of young apoagelres daring the current salaam That the seems urged ahem* for the prof manes of du work seder onntideration I • nadaaiablytleetireffeally the rigbt period appears b^yond all question ; and it is practically the sc.: an tr be preferred beyond all others. The writer of this had occasion to superintend the newel of upwards of two thousand trees anti shrub., all enigmas, and varying in sire from six to forty feet high, daring outs autumn. Elie trees mete prepared as foreseny described the ;•revious spring, and as the undertaking was rather gigantic, the work was begun in August and daisbed with the year. The result was of vomit watched with some interest, and tho following summer, when an examination took Ilse., it was toned ti at Ilion the/ which were transplanted early in the sea.ou Whetted little change from their removal. but the contrary wan the ease with these wl Mk bad molt ego: • similar trang•lantation during December. In fact the gradual di ululation of the motion of the sap, accompanied with a de clining atmesiberie orlon, which t. odes', in conjunction with the usual autumnal pied; imtions, to cool and saturate the earth, clearly and progreseively exhibited the compare- Mee mama. The exact period to enemata, these operation, must be determined by the nature of the season, and the state of ma turity the current you's growth has attained : in some sea sons an esedi r beginning may be made than others; some kind. of planet' also ripen their wo id much earlier than others. These, therefore, should receive dhe earliest attention. In hot sad dry autumns the !adage of same of the larger specimens of certain species and varieties, especially such as have large and succulent leaves, will flag and dr gip. To guard simian any injury arising from this, it will he advis able to well water the roots at planting, not with wild water groat the sell. hut from the pond, where it has been expossil to the sen. With softies's' of great rarity and Yalu', it would amply repay the additional trouble to occasionally syringe the foliage in the evening for a short period after p.an tog. Th;s, however, will not be required should the weather be either cl Jade or moist. • The text and concholiag point to be hunted apes is that of aneurism the plants against being moved by the wind for the first season atom transpracting. Evergreens, presenting as they do at all seasons a mess of foliage, are liekn to constant oscillation in windy weather; were this permitted with those Lire, place newly trans/err, to their fresh gutters, the young roots codld not by possibility lay hold of the soil : the ball with which they were moved would won be separated him the earth surrounding it; i 'dater this 'menthe would get saturatea with wee, winch would occasionally get Inset:, and 11,V,11 rot or kill the young and delicate fibres ; is sprina the searching winds would penetrate, and to a Mr. ti auty prove equally fatal: th , refine it becomes, with these Inge aleolutely accessory to secure them against Lung tossed to and fro. Ono season's protection will generally aceemplish tit's. To effectually metals thin in their ;minion three stakes at least will be required ; and as these stakes me not intended to he permanent, any common fir thinainps will sufficiently answer the purpose. Strong tar-yarn, with a collar of hay mond the stem to guard evilest Menne, will be found to am eer the temporary end. Other modes of staking have been suggested by different indivi duals, and some have recommeuded chaining the plants in preferenee to either. The particular method le a matter of no real importance ; but, be it what it may. much of the uldunte amens will depend upon its wing tfikiently earned oat. —Journal of the Horticultural Society. ROBBERY OF MAILS. Information reached the Past-office this starting that a robbery, on a large soak, had been effected of the contents of the mall-bags tram the other side of Bristol, namely Devonport, Plimpton, Truro, and all the chief towns ut the southwest of England. These mails • u m at Bristol, and the mail•gnard there, on ix:twining the bw,s, toned that they had ell been hr,ten open; the registered le ten and batlrsrs' parcel% extracted, and the hags retied I 1 : sot xealed. Mr. Bckenliess, superintendent of the Wand department, on being informed of the r dsbay, or dered all the necessary steps to be taken to meet the emer ge/ray. COST OF SPLCIAL CONSTAOLItS.—The treasurer of the county of blildlesez shows in his accounts the sums re paid by him to Inc churchwardens of the Y-60611 parishes in the county of blilllestx, for expenses in.:urred by them in pros ishrg staves aad other narassary snicks fir the use of the special constables, eppolnted wider the 1 & 2 William IY.. in the month of April, 1848, when the peace of the me tro Polis was threatened to be disturbed by chartist meetings bald at lisnaincioa-oommon and other plices. The total of those sums is 1,0134145. &I. Tat EARL AND THE SAILOR.—Some little time ago, the Earl of Arundel and Emmy, in returning to Eng land, received an at amain, from a salor on board of the angel. lie lordship, with his usual generosity, reoutsted the son of Neptune to call on him at his residence in Lon don, and he would reward him for his kiailness. Boon afterwards Jana called on his lord/tip, and, on being shown into his apartments, the earl presented him with a Gee pound note, requesting him, at the same time, if he was pusing at any future period, to call spin and eft him. The sailor went away. h , ghly delighted with the kindnve and generosity he had mat with; and some time afterwards, when his vess , l cams is, happening to be near his lordship's house, it again occurred to him that he would call and us Lis noble patron. He called at the residence, was treated kindly by the servants, and, after having partaken of the viands ant before him lathe kitchen, his lordship having been intormed that his grogsgd was below, desired to see him. The tailor was again before his lordship, and, after a few re mark., the earl presented him with another Ave-pound teats. 8o unexpected was this pi.cs of liberality, that Jack invehintarily exclaimed , heedless of grammar as of e ti quette, • l's blest if you and a lord." DFAVII FROM CiILOSOFORM.-1110 Glasgow Herald at .tea that meetly a you's gentleman returned Iron Aus tralia to slat his Motions Is the neighbourhood of Govan, but before losviag the sissy he net with a alight maiden% in the foot, which !stag, parka" neglected dorms the pas sage home, mac) the gnat toe wad te grow into she lads. To rseneve the pain sod iIMICKVOSIIIOOII,the gentleman resolved to submit ts Is o2rnition, whica • ropestable in (loran was emp:oysd to prior= on Tuesday tar. ira tory to doing so, Us surgeon resolved to asks ase d ehlo. rotors ; but the patient attar inhaling tie gas almost Ja guar!). expired. An investigation of the affair is In Prolltalc MUPPING. Jan. 1.-11-M—Aniwid; Brialy Hill, 01awa Suaos, fins; Addiasee, Yeautouth Breese, Padatovr; Diamond, Altana; Aetin, Bridgwater. Soiled: &xi zee, Tomb,; *Maria, Bidereed ; Lades oar, Cardiff ; Idu, Nevis. PLlaorta, Dee. 31.—The Mohawk, fro. Rio Janeiro, for Cowes, pat in bare ynkrday, with low of sails, inainwaw wasp, sad part of same throws overboard in a haniaute, Mean 160 mfloo 'oath of du As r. r. Dioe7);,6eiso.—titeit.ig, of and from Liverpool, in coming up the river yesterday, took the ground, was pot WI and laid on a beak, Tory May ; cargo expected to be damaged. DINGLE, Dec. 29.—A barque (timber laden), wit► loss of To der, is now riding to a single anchor is Vestry har►our, about two eablts length from the short, bat no boat aut revel ker. H•ItLIPOZN, 28.--The Ranger (at.), hence to LOB den, has put back, having been prevented by the ice from getting to Ni. CONSTAI42I/10PLL DSC. 11.--The Isom, from Bristol and DI Jul, which was on shore in the Dardanelles prior to the 9th .it., has arrived lam been surveyed, found to have sus tainid c .nsiderahla dams" and must be hove down. The Royal William, from Galata for Cork or Falmouth, has arrivcd here with damage, and must disaberge part of her cargo to repair ; the Iles Merrill's arrived hm• on the Bth inst. from Gana, bound for Cork re labnouth, leaky, and Maim; pumprd ap grain ; the Eleven, from Odessa fur Cork or Falmouth, was drives' on shove near Tenedos, on Ore Bth inst., and had thrown part of leer oaroto overboard ; W•istance bas reached her, and she is expected o ff . Ganexocx. Dee, 30.—The William, arrived here yester day from Sc. fftnettut, encountered • were gale off Islay, on the 16th instant, and was sunek by a sea, which carried away bowsprit, fore-mint, Main-yard, main-top-gallant-mast, bulwarks, stanchions. to., end stove the hoata. The diapeea, which sailed from Liverpool in th• 13th instant ler New Osloans, has put in hue to diy leaky. Die. 30.—Ths Einar. pht, from Amsterdam', whelk pot to Mrs ea the 26th isst. leaky, km osausemard di shuns' her canto to repair. BILLIPAST. Dec. 30.— TM Joao, of Drogheda, widish rt of show star Ca/ricking% was pt of oa the dlkki tail., sad towed is here fir repair'. . SONDIIKLAND. Des. 31.—Tbo Mittens, of Lpaa, from thetas, is os More mew this plan, with etas &mord, bat Is expected of seat tuts. Fal.ttouva. Dee. 31.—Tko Alka, from dothssbevg foe New York, pat is hers as the 29th lot., leaky, sad with capeskithed sad part throws overboard. COMMERCIAL 4 MARKETS. MONEY MARKET & CI IT INTELLIGENCE. hoe o'Clock—Opiaioa continues to be favourable to the funds. which opened this morning at higher rates still than were realised yesterday. We have had Consols at 89} to 3 nearly all the morning, with now a slight re-action up= these prices, and quote them 891 to 3 ex- dividend for the opening, with a good market. Reduced Threes, 891 to 3. Three.and a-Quarter per Cents., 893 to 3. Exchequer Bills, 41s. to 43.. premium. Bank Stock, 1891 to 191/. The market fur foreign securities is also more stiff this morning. Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. are better, at 48 to 9 ex-dividend; the Fours, at 75 to 6. Belgian, 74 to 6. Russian, 101 to 3. Spanish Fives, 141 to 3; the Threes, 281 to 3. Passives, 31 to 1. Portuguese, 261 to 6. Mexican, 261 to 3. Peruvian, 491 to 501. Brazilian, 74 to 6. Milian, 88 to 8. Buenos A3res, 23 to 6. New Grenada, 13 to 14. Venezuela, 19 to 20. Advice' from Hamburg of the 30th alt. state that trade was partially suspended as the frost had set in, and the h , ,lidays were on. But generally there was an improved reeling in the market, and an active bosineaswas anticipated with the new year. Money continued to be abuniant. Gold was lower, and offered at 1 per cent. lower. Three months' bills on Londun obtained 3 to ls. higher; short dates not so good, nor in so much demand. =SLIM IUNDR. Sisk Steak Am sli I pr 410 n. kr Aari I 3 pet Ct. 1144. mar. Solt 131174. thoto pw acarcar es. LassalsimMlir. 411 s. - - VOIIitION FUND& 6 ger Cc .Avotelms 1 yr Gant. Cramtda 1102. ? 13 14 4, per Ot. b*. 1:661 4 14 r Grenada Deferred Bd L. 3; per Cont. Attn. 6 Az Ct Maxiess. 1616. 6or Ct. Brazilian Ban, 34 I 6vs CI. Peruvian It4a.. IN 104 Ditto Nen. T 3 6 Porturtwisa lam 264 64 4 per Ot. butoot.kyrot P it.. 13 6 6pa Ct. Rue. bin, lvi 3 Dim Milian Ma.. 86 6 Ditto Ppattith Eds., 14j / Ditto Colitutio. 1)51. bb.. 3 Par iit. WAWA WA.. 3 64 4 Coiusublae itquadne 8d....1i i Spanish Dermal Bin.— I par Ct. Banish 1611.. (.6 9 Ditto, Polito 8d... 3/ 4 ft par Ct.Danch lida.. 48 9us dir Spur Ct. Voss= • ha,. 19 10 I weft. Death Oista..l3 6 Vanazaela Daturrad 6141 a ., 6 6 RAILWAYS.—The market is steadily improving, and still better than yesterday. We quote Great Northern, 91 dis.; ditto B's, It dis.; North Stafford., 31 dia.; Boulogne and Amiens, 81. SALO EPPPCiIiD UP TO TWO yuitipy IN LONDON. (Yesterday's - priees will be Mud be bet peek) limb., Net, Baton k Eastern Mae/ 381. Cense. Tel, 131 June, 11 ex int Boum, Stara., & Bina., 3) et int Do. Cooed. Bo e) & PAr. I jiff Oalsderibia, 231 21 Ceot„ 123 D D qrs., 2 Norfolk, 3 Do. Now 10/. Pref., Fj 1 North British, 161 Mostar & Holyhead, 226 Do. Halves, 61 7 110. IPref., ial Do. Dm, 31 Dublin & Belie lore, 341 Do. Thirds 41 E. Auden M. L. & D. and L N. Steffordslers, 111 1 a 1 D.,41 Okbrd, Woe, & Waver., 23 Do. ii. lit. 6 rer Coe. Prot, Heading, Guild., and Be gate, 101 Rope= mil 2 Lashes Coontla, 121 12 Shrews. and Ritchie, mem. (A), 33 1 Do. New Cite. 6 par CL. 114 Do. (1 3 ). 11 3 E. Coke Scrip Guar. 6 per C,171 Do New Oust., 9 Z. Lantutdrs, 1111 Sheepskin Union, 11 ex let Do. New, 13 B. Staffordshire, 31 Do. ProL Qrs„ I B. Eastern, 13 46 Great Morasses, 91 1 Do. No. 2, 126 11l Do. A Deimos!, 31 1 Do Thirds, No. 4,7 i 1 Do. 13„ 6 pa Cer.t., 3 South Walt., 81 76 es Int. Great x..OL - & Wed. (Irel4, 261 Wilt., Somerset, are Wey., 231 4 1 Waters, 63 ea int Do. Halves, 463 York, Neese., & Berw., 241 Do. Qrs., 15 1 Do. (Orig. N. et Bee.), 271 11 Do. New 171, 11 3 Do. Estee No. 1 (York and Gme. and York.l3 Newo.), 13 1 Do. hs, 7 ) Do. Y.z. No. 2 (New. and Ber., Do. htrds. IOIL, 81 4 II 1 Do. West lug Unice, 21 1 Do. G.N.E. Pur., 8 1 ex int. lilikialt and Bloskwall, 3 York and N. Midlaad, 331 1 law, Brighton, and S.C., 331 21 lb. Pref.. le / 1 es int, Loa. si N. Wooers, 1231 7 Do. Z. & W. 11.: Coat., 273 7 Do. New Qrs. 91 it Boulogne and Anslena,lll 1 Do. Fifths, 71 1 Central of frame (OrL and Vier.), rh.. nie. M. & B. (1), In 871, NV. "31i Lnzeistoura. II Lon. k 8. W. Thirds It Northern of France, St New Pref., 51 Orleans a hd Bordeaux, fi Man., Btu., and Mat., Peri. and Rouen, 19 Midland, We Hawn and liaTre, le LlTlMPOOL.—Yesterday being N l 4 Year's Day, there was no share market. T he feeling, however, among the general transactors was excellent, so that to-day's market, it is Onticipatod, will be exceedingly good.—The stock ex changes of 1311MTNOINAW, MAOCxxerxx , and Latin were clesad.—Bnisiox.—The market was more active, and with a datitlid tendency towards improvement. Great W raters Quarter Shares, which opened at 31, closed firm at 2i dis.; Midland Stock was done at 86; and Caledonian Prilerence at i pm. YORK BALES JAINVAIIT I. Ot. Northern, 8 York, limas., k Bor . (G. N. & Do. Laid= aI a York ~ 1 Put.), 71 PRODUCE.— Miscuga-LANz, Half-past 71en.—• The Sagar sales are going off steadily, at an advance of tkl. to Is. upon the easing prices preceding to the hell. days. Refined is is good demand, at a slight ad vance. Grocery lump!, law to fine, 475. to dos.—The greater part of the Coffee riftred was withdrawn, at prices much shoes the market value. The portion sold shows an advance of 2s. to 3s. on the quotations preceding. Good ordinary native Ceylon remains 31s. to 325. • none off red in public sale.-1,000 bags Saltpetre *old Wavily in public sale, at a shade lower prices. Refraction 7 1 to n 2.55.1 id . to 264.—Rum has been in good demand to-day.— In other articies no material alteration; bat basiness gene rally wean an improved appearance. PRICESi e U CAEN T. - - Soots, pre win. sory rush W. Indui,B.P.tll2B. 64.126.0 Veto, &Grey 33 6...341 6 Fine 39 0...41 6 Ilatuitoo, brown— 27 6.. $4 0 Tallow 39 9...40 amyl kilailzta, b 27 0..32 Yellow 34 0_37 Whits 35 6...42 Foreign. brown...- 32 0...33 Volk. 36 6...37 Greyed whits- 39 u... 111 &thud. Hombre 4B 0-34 Loam 46 6...46 •rome. In Bon, Wool LA* ordM asa7 20 0... 241 0 Good. 2l •...40 0 Me_ . 10 0...10. 0 GeTtuo, gO ' d 07 . 42- . 31 0... 32 • Tao ortheary 33 0... 34 0 Roc 4l BO 0 tlocha, good tollosil 0.,. 00 0 CMS aka. /sodi um to la* 26 0... 31 0 Wouura sad Pa dose 2l 0... 23 • Tu. at psr lb. Googoo.uomoo. 0 0 ... 0 7 Itsca, at per .wt. Bawl whip • 6.- 12 • - . 7 6... • 6 hos sad Arils 7 0... 13 0 Patna, domed ..- 14 0.. Carolina...,..`._. 23 0... 27 Imo at For Looword 1 3 .- 1 Dminn, x ft U per eat. o.t. 1 ... JeNialtiZ ;Ts v . mat O.F. s Favourite nark .„ 4 Bro t ody. Lot broads 3 . ... Brihiopirito,dp. 10 .. u 1 Meta bleb PIA; per too. 1110.T.T.5. Lri 5...40 0 It. Pelorolus, • hoed- .. ... • •...0 0 Ditch sad Te.W le 0-00 • Frlo.lood U 0 Ilatr, at per M. llLPeOrroborg.oloraillO 1 0 -31 owaltot . l9 10... • 0 ball do; 10— 0 0 WOq Mao U 10...33 0 ottallot 5310...053 0 31 10 • 0 33 0....16 0 Oast IS 0...0 0 Boottay ll 0.-34 0 Isto Pigs, No. I. l2 4... 0 0 Huops II 10...0 0 (argo at CardifTbsr 0 0... 0 0 owed & ll 0...11 0 Lao, at per too. ?Id, best l6 0 16 0 sheet l7 0. 0 0 Bars. l6 10... 0 Patent sh ot l9 10... 0 red or minium Svelter l3 0...13 0 One, per 231 bap. ash d.o. Fish, dss4 psis 26 le_ 27 0 draw . .... 23 10 . 0 0 brows . 114 yell;; 24 0.. 23 0 836.030 l ir= Mager ll4 0.60 to Cad. 23 10_33 16 South Sea. Si 0_26 18 Olive,Gallpoh,p.toe 43 0.. 44 0 Cocos NW 360.890 aced. LIM Plsos per ton 34 13_ 0 r Liaised. Paortamse, per eat. Batter—Cork, Ist_ 70 0..73 0 4the 89 0 90 6Ua 0 0... 0 0 Dobai:4lst 0 0.. 0 0 11zosnek, do 000.848 WWI!, Ist... 7O 0...60 0 Newry, ...... 0 0... 6 0 Waterford 600.700 Beef, Wis e par aerie Prise Was 0 0... 0 0 Park, pane aces 76 0.. 80 0 esees.Porrk,Laark 79 • go • Ds, Belton& Subs, Waterbed. l 54 0...54 0 30 6..62 t i =f rfrk 42 0-44 j. W dia. Ditto Bladder Asaarkaa.duty p 62 0...72 B. A. sad Ems. U. amd Video,Olaw, at par lb. VIM 08.44105. 6o 0 2 ..0 dry 0 0 ...0 • lao, 34... Liss dry a Vats. 447._i 11e...0 0 I Isaias, W e 1 dry._ 0 0 0 . ....0 .0 0 East ladle O4l I ...0 101 liziVrres, dry 0 —0 6 dry 0 11 ...0 11; S. Amsr.liaree, per Buss* ditto. 6 0 0 Oro Woos*, at per ton. I=l . iumegsb.d3 13... 0 0 ..... 4 4 10 Ouspessby ll 0...6 t Pumas, Janette 6 0... G 0 Sierra, Imp sad Ten, at per on solltr . o_l3 0 Sams. IS 0... 0 0 ... II C.. 10 0 Straits - 0 0 L. 1! 1n...11 0 Om in blab 70 0... 0 0 rape IS 10...11 0 law, at per VAL Red S 10... S 13 Sari £o 13 /0 0 Brasil la o 0 LONDON, Jan. I.—The consamptios of Sugar in the United Kingdom has, as nearly as can be computed from the latest official returns, increased about 17,600 tons during the year just cloyed. The actual Nurse for 1847 were 269,500 ; and, for 1846, 261,600. Those of 1818 are estimated at 307,000 tons. The Custom-house returns of Sugar on which duty hoe been paid in the five principal ports of Great Bri tain, show an {UMW of 27,000 tons, hut it is supposed thy about 8,000 tans of foreimi Sugar, on which duty was paid in July last, still remain uncleared. Assuming that the oeasumption in 1849 will increase in the same ratio as in 1848, the new year INIMIZIOLCCI with about a tour months' supp 4. On the lst of January, 1848, the stock was relatively muen the same, sad as the imports from the varies. countries Li production in 1849, al , hough promising to be abund int, wid not, in all probability, be found on the whtle in excess of those of lad year, and aa prices are in average about 3.. below 'hose ruling twelve months since, a gradual and moderate adnuce may be anticipated, as the result of the more prosperous condition of our industrial population. The stoci of Sugar in the Cofilinental ports in rein.? below that of last yi ar, and a steady demand may be looked for after the waiter, as those in the hands of tiealers an known to be vary lidbt , from the political THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY . EVENING, JANUARY 2, 1849. ennead brie baring considsrably Ilinhed their emu. tont For Coffee, the elhalst sposaletive feeling whisk existed 'in November has bens anniderably increased alluring the put month by the farther ansounta received thoea %ion_ The holders of many Waal in that island are reprneatiel as an. unable to praline labour to take the crop. from the ground at such rates es, with the existing low rates for thin, pro. dues, would leave them an remuneration, and, conse quence, a large proportion o f the inferior plantation Tooth., and of the native Crain, will remain unpicked. This has given rise to • eery &CU,' demand ; the transactions have bolo on a large scale, and the pekoe of plantation Ceylon have advanced 6s. to 10s., and saliva 4s. to 4s. 61. per ewt with every indication of continuance. Kock& has improved 45., Costa Rica 2s. to 35.. and all other di seriptions thimble for home consumption in a similar proportion. There has boon km mirky in the export, than in the boas. market; the improved accounts of the position of Coffee in all the principal Continental ports have, however, given rim to some speculative demand, and the transacinns would have been en • mach larger scale had the expectation of holders been mom moderate ; as it is they show •grest in crease over those of several previous months. Some reaction might, in ordinary cues, be expected to toli'iw the rapid advance whit's has taken plus in the value of colonial Coffee, but there Gan be no doubt that all sorts, sad perti calmly the better qualities, were unduly depressed, and therefore, independently of any comparative wareity of sup ply from Ceylon, we anticipate that there will be no =inked decline from present rates ; while, should the prospect of short supply from that island be confirmed by more deified accounts than have hitherto reached us, a further improve ment may be confidently looked for. As regards foreign Coffee, the steels in the Continental ports on the 30th of November showed a triffieg increase se compared with the same period in the previous year ; but in the interior they hams become very much reduced, from the purchases of dealers having for a long time past been notoriously confined to th,ir immediate requirement,. After the winter an seise demand may, therefore, be anticipated, accompanied, pro bably, with a further moderato advance in price.— he transactions in Indigo have continued to be of a compara tively retail character, but latterly there has existed a more confident feeling as regards the maintenance of present prices, found, d on the probability of an increased export demand in the enqiing spring, that of the past year having been much curtailed by tho political convulsions en the Con , tuna. The imports of Indigo into this poet during the past year were 23,300 chute, against 27,900 in 1847. and 28.150 in 1846; the deliveries were 27,600 chests, egoism 31,000, and 28,800; and the Meek is 29,100 cheats, against 32.000, and 33,200 on the Ist January 1818 and 1847 respeetivaly.— The recent large arrivals of Saltpetre have been neatly 611 1 pleased on the market, 16,000 bags have been off• red at auc tion during the past month. The imports of Saltpetre into Great Britain during the past year were 15,900 tons, sesinst 12,500; and the deliveries 15,030 tons, against 11,350 in 1847. The present stock is 2,000 tons, which, though largo es compared with that at the commencement of last year, 860 tuns, is not large in proportion to the increased demand ; and, as the quantity on the way is barely equal, at the present rite of consumption, to the deliveries which would take place between this and the period of arrival, rarest firmness may be justly anticipated, and, prob tbly, sone al vanoe in the course of the ~ext two • r three months. The continued low prices of all descriptions of breodatufft has prevented any operatiotis of moment in Rio.; the public sales in December only amounted to 11,000 bags, and pri vately the transaction, have been almost nominal. The imports of Rut India Rice into Great Britain during the past year amounted to 45,400 tons, against 61,700 tom; tke deliveries to 36,300 tons against 49,200 ; and the week is 33,800 against 22,400 on the Ist of January, 1848. There is no prospect of any improvement in the matue of Rice until the stock becomes much reduced, which it cannot be while the shipments from India continue to be fully equal to the present rate of consumption in this country.—F rum True man and Rouge's Circular. TALLOW.—The Tallow market is very dull. Pe tersburg Y. C. on the spot, 425. to 41e. 9d. CORN.—Arrivals at the granaries, by the Eastern Counties Railway, for the week ending Dec. 30 : Malt Wheat barley ........ 1969 near C.9I saas. Oats YOUNG WHEATS.—BRDTORDSRIRI Dec. 30.—The year Is clueing with favour...We weather, and which for the most part has cheraetai•ed the whole month ; the first fort night, being rather unusually mild, was exceedingly pro r from tor the bringing up the late sown r. b e ar, of w h. c h, the extremely wet weather :of October, thee, was an unusually large breadth. Fur a few days previnee to Christmas we had rather a smart little frost, which did much go.d towards checking untimely vegetation. Th, wheat has now pretty well all shown Itself, excep t those fi elds damaged by elope, of which there are too many exempt. e, more t spec ally upon the good stroeg Imo, both after cover and beaus. The iiosda of the earlier part of the mason have, however, quite abated, asd, *Ater dr tined, the laud is &warning its 'lroned firmnrqs.—Wit.r. swim ; The young Wheat is looki'-g well, except in ytt where eaten Ay the slug ; there is stall a large breadth to be planted when the weather suits. BRIDLINGTON, Dec. 30.—Our market was very thinly attended, and very few s mples of grain were offered Wheat sold eta decline of Is. per qr. Bailey met a dull sale, at rather lower rates. Oats, Beans. and Peas sold slowly, at last week's prices. Wheat, old, 445. to 46, ; new, 40.. to 425. per qr. Barley, 240. to 30.. per qr. Oats, 81. to 80. per stone. DeAss, 331. to Wt. Peat, 320 to 340. per qr. CIRZNCISTER, Jan. I.—We are well supplied .ith :tram, but the trade, on the whole, was flat. Wheat railed irons de. to Bs. 3.1. per bushel ; the quality, for the most part, very indifferent. Barley sel.s steadily, at the meteor, of I,st week. In other grain no transactions of moment. Wheat, 101. to 121. 101. per load. Barley, 265. to 311. pet qr. Oats, 18s. to 265. Beans, 38s. to 42. DoscesTßU, Dec. 30.-We have had a lees supply t day Mall kinds of grain ; the best new and line old Wheat. were 6d. per three bushels, and ordinary qualities 6d. to Is. lower to male sales; towards the close of the market more dispo sition was shown to buy, and we may expect with the new year not only more activity in trade, but an improveratat in prices. Fine Barley unaltered in value ; secondary qua lities Is. lower. New Oats la. lower, prices varying from 15s. to 2M.; old in slow demand. Beans without alte ration. Wheat, new, 15s. to 175.; fine, 18s. to las. 64 ; old, 16s. 61. to 18s.; tine, 19s. to 20.. Blendcoru, 13.. to 144.; fine, 16s. ; ltye, 9s. to 125.; fine, 13s. Baena, new, lls. to 135.; fine, 14s. ; old, 12.. to 145.; fine, 15s. Peas, grey, lla. to 125.; white, 13s. per three bushels imperial. Oats, new, 15e. to 19s. ; fine, 20s. to 211. ; old, 18s. to 295. ; fine, 20s. to 255. Barley, 2.3 e. to 275. ; fine malting, 28s. to 325. per quarter. HADLZIOK, Jan. I.—Our attendance at market to day was large ' and we had a fair quantity of Wheat and Barley offering. The I , est samples of each met a dull sale, at 11. per qr. abatement, while the damp Wheat and the middling and inferior B rley were nearly unsaleable. Beans and Peas were dull, and rather lower. ISTETNING. Jan. I.—Wheat met a dull, limited gale, at the undernienuored quotations. Barley neglected. For Oats, Beene, and Peas scarcely any demand. The prie(s Wheat, white, old, 141. to 161. ; new, 91. to 121 ; r d, old, 131. to 141.; new, 81. to 121. Barley. malting, 235. to 32e. ; grinding, 26s to 261. Oats, 18e. to 18s. Beans, 325. to 365. Peas, 38e. to 395. MILIMOUTH, Dec. 30.—We hays a good supply of corn, mon particula Barley. Our market is very dull for every article. Wheat comes to hand light and cold ; the bag parcels sold on last week's terms ; other sorts again rather lower. The best Barley +ether cheaper; and secondary sorts are very difficult to gait, at lower prices. Beans and Peas in retail without each alteration in value. Wheat, white. 484. to 48s. ; red, 42a. to 43a. amity, 265. to Cs. Beans, 33e. to 35e. Peas, 36e. to 375. Oats, 20s. to 2.55, per qr. ULDISCRO, Dao. 28.—What. Polish, 102 124; Anh. and Maid., red, 105 114; white, 106 121; Mark. k Brunswick, lus 121; Mark. & Pon., 93 120; lialetein, 90 116 ; Lower Elbe, RI 116.—R re : Ash. and Wed, 56 62; Marks., Meek., and row., 54 112.—Barley : Holstein 26 Meek., 431363 Marks. and Oderborg, 30 54 ; And It Medd, 52 E.—Oats. thdarl, 25 36; Meek. and Mkt., 24 fa ; tower Ll* 22 24—8rea, 52 60 ; 62 70; Vetches, 40 66 ; Rep seed, 115 134 WOOL. LlnitPooL, I.—The year 1848 opened under the most unfavourable auspices and the tint math continued inactive ; in February, a large business was transacted, which was considered in indication of • healthy trade, and was hailed with general satisfaction ; ma iden.e rapidly strengthened at the appearance of returning prosperity, but was even doomed to a d une.d unlooked for asap, caused by disturbanoes in Fr This event caused a so-pension of business for a time, and prices of several descriptions of Wood Gradually gave way; shortly altar, intelligence was received of insunections in several parts of the continent, followed by at attempted rebellion is Ireland ,; the public feeling became so excited with the general convulsion of Europe, that manufacturers ooasnmed less, fearful of there cot being for Some time a market far their goods. Circumstances like these were de trimental to trade generally ; exporters bought sparin g ly (mowed with previous purchase., and with moderate imports prices receded in some descriptions considerably ; latterly they have become more restricted, and fine Wools are 2d. per lb., and the majority of coarse kinds td. per lb. higher at the present time than in the month of Oc toter, when prices were at the lowest. Comparing the quotations on the first day of the last y ear and this, there is not that discrepancy in value that ml ht have been anticipated in coarse Wools, which is ea~elsnt to show that trade generally is assuming a better tone, and manufacturers have more firmness in operating, arising in a great measure from the picnic feeling evinced towards this country by France. The prospects for the present year are more favourable than for some time past ,• manufacturers have already extensive Orders in hand, and are fully employed; the continental bayonet* also operating to a great extent ; therefore • further advance on 4 1 1 deserip dons is anticipated, and scarcely a doubt can be entertained that this year's results will prove more satisfactory to import ers and consumers. The imports for thereat are 101,891 hales. The stocks of Wool are never correctly ascertained. They are exceedingly light of good literal kinds, with the exci p. tion of Peruvian and Buenos Ayres. There is also • fair quantity of Bee India on hand but mostly withdrawn for higher prices. Australian and Ceps of Good Hope Wools keep in good request, sal more weld be sold to advantage in this market than imported. The imports last year cm tained few good parcels. A great falling-off is apparent in the cleansivg. Observations were made generally that the last clip was worse got up than known before; therefore it should be arg(d on the growers to pay more attention to the washing. Tee supply to this market is small of Cape Wools, bat some fair parcels have been imported into London. Oa the whole, the condition is better. The imports of Australian into London have been eaten. sive. The large quantity brought forward there at each public sale hes caused great irregularity in the value during the lot twelve months. In Blemish and Portuguese, the low pliers obtainable limit the supply of the better kinds; what bas been received sold of full rate,. Oporto Woods are tolerably saleable. A lair dem cad has existed for Alpaca. Good pares!, are still wasted, but the erine-brd is digeult to clear. In Peruvian few sales hare been made for bona. cionsumptios, bat extensors transactions have been emoted for exportation. The low prices of Anis:alien interfere very materially with the ooncumpi n of this class. Ot Russian the arrivals have been few No inquiry ea ens for Metis and Rennes. Good combing Dun.,' is Dune and wanted; so also are commas Lambe. Bosnia and Senn are in demand, ands they are a elan of • useful nature, they are becoming snore isteneively used The market is new cleared. Of Egyptima the imports are small. A quantity could be disposed of, as they are in fair repute. East India still takes the precedence of all coane descriptions ; there has been a larger supply last year than ai.y yea. previous ; but the qua lities have been mostly of an interior kind from that qua ter ; the demand is good, and not many lots o ff ering. Tco demand for laid Highland, white Richland, and r.heviot, has been good. Holders met the market frsely, and are new more firm. There bar been a good business done in Irish Combing Flamm ; they are better liked by the manufacturers than they were, the breed having improved in the last law years; in akin, the pull hes been taken re2:ularly since the season before last ; there is no stock.—From lioldiuon and Co.'s Circular. HAY.— SMITHFIELD, Two o' Clock.—Meson. Cooper and Div:* report the trade rrtht r better, at the following quotetldne: Primo meadow, 66. to M. I Ammo.. 364. to 665 . I Straw.— 235. tont 1nf0rt0r........ Ws. to 63. i lover Gds. to ma CATTLE, dte.—Ti tal of Cattle received in London by the Eastern Contain , Railway, for tbe weak ending Dee. 30 :—Beaste, 1,110 ; Calves, 9i ; She( p, 8,353; Piga, 182. Tux CATTLI TRADIL—Lumwx, Jan. I.—The state of the cattle trade during the year just concluded furubhes abundant matter of more thee. ordinary interest to the pro ducer as well as consumer. The great question so often &eked, but hitherto not satiafactorily answered, is—" Are we in this country producing ad• quote supplies of animal food to meet the wants of the consuming chines, without the aid of the foreigner ? " Same of toe most infiucr.tial graziers have abandoned their previously-formed inten tions of erecting cattle-sheds, and determined to increase the number of their stuck utht revise than by what may be called artificial means. The immense numben of both Beasts aid Sheep which have arrived in this country from %broad daring the last three years have prevented any ex. naive drain from our large die:riots, in which, as might be expected, increased numb- re, as on a coamsrisons of seasons, am to be met with. The plentiful supplies of natural food, tsgether withthe few losses oust:soled by the long-complained of epidemic, have tended to place us in a position far above want. That a large increase has taken place in the number of beasts in Lincolnshire, I-tie atenhire, Norfolk, Suffolk, and several other parts of Eng:end, is pr tty generally ad mitted; tence it is only a now -itab:e inf. rence to suppose that, in the absence of arty serious drawback in the shape of discus, there will be, ere long, w hat is so moth to be de sired—age :and a better supply of food. The season has been particularly favourable to this great end; yet there is still a considerable limit to the available supplies of Sheep, notwithstanding the satisfactoty statements which reached us in the rally pert of the yeti, respecting the progress of yeanine. Unlike the year 1847, during which et least two thirds of the supplies in &nitwit al and the other large mar ket." were exhibited in a hall-fat state, the past has been an excellent one as regards quality. Indeed, in no one 'liven ye_r since 1844 have the Beasts and Sheep come to hand in better condition. This fact I.as had a depressing infi afore upon the value of all breed. se B. its ; and it is evident, from the low prices at which they have been disposed of, that the breeders have not ga.ued much by their purchases, more crucially as linseed and rape cake h..ve cold at high rates. Another point, coofirmatory of the fact of an increased number of Beasts in the couivry, is the great !Urge in the arrival of provinciol.slaughter. d meat into London by the various railways. It is true there have been some induce ments held out to kill rather Lanny in the othntry, from the unusually low prices at which the offals have been cusps/ dof in the metropolis-10 vet, indeed, than during the last 20 years; but this circumstance does not, we cont. nd, alter in any mom degree the position we have taken up. Comparing prices in the past wit', those paid during the two ' former years, there is a falling off in the eras era' returns of fully 20 par cent., and that, too, upon superior animal.. From the month of April, during which trriod beef ran.ed from 3s. 2.1. to 41. Bd. per 810). up to 0 e end of Dmeather, the suppliers gradually increased ; the trade dueler the " nrest " week was dull beyond 'tee Item- ti precedent. It has been stated, that at the great show the does upon every bullock disposed of there was not le-s than Si. per head. Ile nee it follows that a sacrifice of nearly 30,0001. was suffered by the owners of the stock! Tne steady importations from abroad have, of course, tenet d to produce c separative he .vi nee in the demand. Ti' tall its the price of Mutton, which has fluctuated but tel tom, has not been ex tensive; end the price* of that description of stock are likely to be ouaintainta till the monk of May. On the whole, the Sheep have come to hand in gt od saleable condition, slteough large numbers of them have beam only two years old. Lambs must be cusidere 1 a dull silo, at moderate currencies. Bather heavy supplies of Caves and Pigs have been by:night forward; yet they have hot had a serious fleet upon prices. The highest quotation realised for the best Scoot has been its, the lowest 4e. per Bib. Th. difference in that of Sheet) has been only 6d.; but Calves b.ve fluctuated from 6s. 82. to , 2d. per 81b. Taking the avenue's, Pigs hive found buyers at fair prices —the result, chi fir, of the falling off in the &Mule from Ireland. The stuck on sale during the year at Smithfield has been in the foil swing quareiti. s 212,014 Beasts, 6,292 Cows, 1,3.53,810 Sheep, '25,585 Calves, and 29,596 Pigs. Deducti ms must however be made from these numbers on account of stock turned out unsold, and which has again made their appearance in the market. Abut 25.000 Beasts, and 100 000 Sheep, with a con espondibg number of Calves and Pigs, have cern thus withdrawn from the market in the coarse of the year. The returns of numbers of cattle derived from each district show that during 1848 the number of Beasts from the northern districts was 39,650; from the Eastern districts, 48,3000; from the Western and Midland districts, 32,830; from other parts of England, with Ireland, 29,270; and from Scotland, 12.752. This c mperieon allows a falling off in the supplies of short-horns ; hut &considerable increase ' in those of Deems, Herefords, and Scots. The Norfolk Beasts have, it appears, come to hand in about their usual strength. The establishment of a direct railway mnmnoiceti..n with the centre of Scotland, of which numerous grazier, have taken advantage during the last two months, and which is likely to interfere to borne extent with the traffic by sea (so frequently attended by severe 1 , 111.? P, from the stock becom ing smothered on the p issue t, hu tended to increase the Scotch supplies for this market. A falling off of nearly 5,000 Beasts and 6,000 Sheep has taken plume in the imports of foreign stock into London, eons' area with those of 1847. The decrease in the former trust be wholly attributed to the low prices ruling in Smithfield, and not to any want of i supply n Holland and Germany. Not the slightest im provement in the quality of the beasts upon the earlier arri vals has been noticed. In the Sheep, however, there his been a much greater weight of meat as well es tat; and nearly the whole of the Calv e s hav e b een fit for slaughtering in good lie -lilies. At the northern ottports, about one-third of the above numbers have been re aired. Several cargoes of Spanish and Portuguese Beasts have reached Southampton, mid been partly disposed of in Smithfifld : their extreme beauty has excited much atten tion, but they have peeved very unprofitable to the butchers. The priests paid in Spain have been • bout 51.5.. per h. ad. The total imports of foreign stock into London during 1848 were 27,259 Beasts, 103,046 Sheep, 1,763 Lambs, 11,133 Calves, and 199 Pigs. Toe quality and condition of the stock disposed of in Smithfield market have, frrm their pro ducing a greater or lesser simply of fat for the melters, con siderable 'Liftman upon the foreign tallow market, as well as upon the raw material. It will be perceived that • consider able decline, the result of heavy supplies, has taken place in the price of tallow during the past month. 'Teat the decibee in question has been chiefly caused by the large quantities of home made tallow on offer, not a doubt can be entertained. It is computed that about 1,275,000 cattle sre slaughtered in the United Kingdom every year. For England, the number is set down at 800,000. Making due allowance for the receipts of &laugh tared meat into the metropolis by railway, and other modes of menveyence, and the purchases effected in Smithfield and Nurgete,and Leadenhall markets by the butchers and others living within a few miles of London, the supply of Beef consumed in the metropolis, in an average year, may be set at 200,000 carcases. Applying the same obs ervations to Sheep, the number of carcases is, as nearly as can possibly be estimated, 1,200,000. It follows, therefore, that the in- hicritents of the great metropolis consume annually about one-fourth of the supply of the whole country. All con nected with the cattle trade must admit the correctness of the remark, that both Beasts and Sheep have carried • much lamer quantity of fat in the past than in many preced ing seasons. The increase must be estimated at quite 10 stone for the Beasts and 1 stone for the Steep. It is now placed beyond a doubt that the number of Beasts at this time in the country is seasonably large. Should we be fa voured with a mild spring, depastured animals may be kept bock from our markets for a time ; yet it is evident that the Woes of Beef will rule comparatively law for some to some. Sheep, on the ether hand, are likely to be selling at fair cur rencies, as it is scarcely possible our markets will be inun dated with that description of stock. Caution should, how ever, be exercised in purchasing store animals during the next three months, even though they may come sparingly to hand in the large stock fairs. Conconwria, Dec. 30.—The show of stock continues ye 7 limited and the few sales effected were at declining prices, both with regard to Busts and Sheep, the trade altogether being extremely languid. Then was also • general dulness in the pig trade, owing is the fhtne.B in Smithfield market yesterday, and prices declined full five per cent. for ell de scriptions, sad bat very few purchases could be found at that reduction. lavestrooL, Jan. I.—The supply of both /leaf and Mut ton was larger than last week. Tne demand dull for each, at rather lower priou. Beef, 41d. to SW. ; Mutton, at 60. to 6W. 1,957 Beasts, 6,960 Sheep. Noamon, Dec. 30.—Drawing to the close of this year, we can only remark that the supply of store cattle through out has been very great ; and, although an immense deal of business has been transacted, the prices generally for the last sir months have not been remunerating to the breeders or dealers; such great magnifica, having been made since lest April, in fat stock, that it was quite impo.sible to dispose of store cattle without great losse., the low prim of corn acting, with grazing, against the farmers. The alarm created by smallpox ruined the credo, causing a com plete stagnation in Sheep and Lambs, and a falling eff of tkousandi a week. Sheep purchasing at any price, others were not disposed to lend them to mirket. For Yesterday's markets see last page. Zhe Orpretqi. ---- - The eagle kr Yedelas. tin Brad* sal lames Arse, will be gale ap ea the mates et the 4th Jea. The mule kr Tim =rya, Iledeks. dills. sad eibrakar wW be =imp am Sr of tiro lth Jet. TM =db. ohs Nosvar" Ilatuerreases, Irma, Skis. the 711 0,074, lads. Iflowfwm, ha. vtll be nude so on the orrenlag _ _ Toesealle for lattlit lbw* Jahrisa, sad the United &et% set 4 be made up as the emiegef the 12th Jun. The West ladle Nails, masa. Bermuda, Nemo, Havana, boredom, Now °rheas. and Mesito, and inelnonor those for NadMea, lit. Jeathele-Nleengee, New Grenada, Mill, sod Pero„ wW hs mite up an the =mann( the 17th Jon. The sans kr filbrelter, NAM. the lonian Islands, 1.1m4 anon, e Ornyks, o on Irak kleag Mb Jen. 4fase. end as Bonding ton, will be nud the weeldwg el the - . . _ . — iii.lkiiisioCiii:raiiii — iiii.l. - iii — Dteoun's Land. and New &inland will be made up ea the evening of the got Jan. 11101 WATIII AT LODON •111DOIL Tam —Moislog. =IA post 6. Altdommoa. oato. post 7. To aossow—limsitog.l7 mio. pro 7 ANA woo, AO mao. fir. L LONDON, TUESDAY, JAN. 2. A GENERATION of veteran whigs is fast disappear log from the stage of public life. Lord MELBOURNE and the Earl of CARLISLE have gone within a few weeks of etch other. And Lord AUCKLAND has followed them. They were all amiable men, evidently much beloved by their friends, who have sufficient bold of the great organs of opinion to insert lengthy panegyrics of them. The Edinintrgh Rallies, his caw upon Lord MELBOURNE, of whom it makes a Clem. It would have been more to the purpose to have answered those terrible accu sations lately made against his memory, or rather against his conduct, when resigning or dismissed in the memorable interview with King WILLIAM at Windsor. Lord MELBOURNE'S administration has, however, its melancholy grandeur. lie was the minister of the "decline and fall" of whiggiem. And Lord AUCKLAND'S name is indelibly inscribed at the head of the most fearful chapters of that decline,' the ci•aster of CabaL Yet he went out as a civilian ruler of that great empire, as one who was to put an end to the all-absorbing activity cf the sword. And, in truth, no fitter governor could have been found to wield the olive branch and cul tivate the arts of peace. There appears, however, to be some demon of the old Indian mytl ology ever at work to counteract English schemes for Indian regenera tion. A hundred times have governors been sent out with the best, the most mei& and moet economi cal, Mt. ntions. But, like our ministers at home, the ,runing-hook has been always, somehow, straightened into the sword, and the old result of deficit and taxi non has gone on. The latter in England has hitherto fallen upon bread and totive shoultkrs. In India it has, unfortunately, mulcted and oppressed the hapless cultivator of the soil. Lord AUCKLAND, therefore, wbe'her his adm:nis tration in Hindustan or at the Admiralty be exemi •cd, will be found, wood easy man, to have followed t.le current of his time. Liberal when he could, prudi f ;al when he was driven, taking care of his relatives., and with cs much idea of the future fate or policy of his party or his country as any of his limo-comae and noble col'eazues, an epitaph might be written upon him quite es high sounding as hose which rain opal the tomb of Lord MELBOURNE—a good father, a warm blend, with sterling sense and average wit. Bat does all this make a statesman, we would sal, in the one case as in the ot''er? In estimating the merits of an artist, in deciding whether he was truly great or not, it is asked whether he formed a whip!, and bequeathed his experience aed his style to the perfecting and developing of worthy, well chosen, and well reared disc ples. The same may be inquired and said of statesmen. CHATHAM inspired BURKE ; PITT formed llusiossoN and CANNING ; Fox bequeathed the future vindication and completion of his policy to GREY. But if a master yet survives, where is the scholar? Where are we to look for the rising gene ration of whia,gism ? The cause of political sterility lies in the worthlessness or nullity of party principle. A party may be stronst, yet have no political heirs. Witness I.IVERPOOL and CASTLE REAGH. We fear that Lord Mentonitste and Lord J. RUSSELL are in the same predicament. The torch has almost expired in their hands, and the youth even of ti eir race scorn to keep it alive, or hand it on. Lord J. Bram'. seems, indeed, to be sensible of the political childlessness of his party, rendered more painful as the old lordly members of that party drop. Det pairing of that hereditary principle, so vaunted in our time, he has tried adoption. But in this he has been no longer guided by the old whig tradition. It yr;zed wit and genius. It enlisted SHERIDAN, it made a grasp at CANNING. We have seen the last symptom_ of such predilection in the appointment of BULLER and of SHEIL. But now it is the twin of figures, or the man of business—the ploddirg and heavy barrister rather thin the quick and fertile brain. The SHERIDANS and the SIMMS, as the chil dren of whig adoption, have given place to the WILSONS and the BAINESES. Be it so. Probably Loud JonN is right. But the result is the disappear ance not only of the principles of whiggism, but its very character. RcritcocnmErev—redaction of taxation and reduc tion of expenditure—these are to be the topics or the coming session. Tho whigs cannot help the mat4ves, and their friends the tories cannot help them. The one subject that occupies the national mind at pre sent is how the public expenses can be diminished and the burthen of taxation lightened. Proofs of this meet us at every turning : in the warm welcome given by the provincial press to Mr. Conoco's budget ; in the declarations of public men at public meetings ; in the hot haste with which rival budgets are brought forward ; above all, in the eva-ive pro fessions of zeal for retrenchment coupled with hints at the difficulty of accomplishing it, and the danger of allowing any but thorough-bred red-tapists to meddle with the business, by which the official organs, whig and tory, seek to parry Mr. COBDEN'S home-thrust. Of late we have submitted to our readers so many specimens of the manner in which the provincial press speak of Mr. COODEN'S letter to Mr. ItOBERT SON GLADSTONE, that we may dispense with 'lying anything more on that subject at present. or the public meetings at which the subject of financial reform has been touched upon, two will serve in the meantime as samples of the rest—one was held at Cockermouth and the other at Edinburgh. A dinner was given at Cockermouth, abent a week ago, to the two very able and efficient mem. era who represent that town is parliament. Each of these gentlemen has established claims upon public grati tude, by adopting the useful course in parliament of making one particular question more especially his care. Mr. AOLIONST has done good service by taking in hand the enfranchisement of copyhold tenures, and Mr. HORSMAN, by urginT a bettei distribution of the revenues of the church. But it is with what they have men saying to their constituents, on the subject of finance, that we have to do at present, which re minds us of Mr. Hoasw►N's able advocacy of a more equitable system of rating to the income tax. 4 Mr. AGLIONBY, on the - occasion to which we are referring, made it matter of honourable boast that he " had always assisted the best political servant this country ever had—the best, bemuse the most perti nacious and industrious—JOSEPH Hume." Mr. AGLIONBY proceeded to remind his hearers that this old and tried friend " is now supported vigorously by one of the most extraordinary men that the age has produced—l need scarcely say that I allude to Mr. COBDEN (loud cheers)." "The band of reformers," he went on to say, "is strengthening almost every session. I need not enumerate them—there are VILLIERS and BRIGHT—and I might go through a long catalogue." Mr. AGLIONI3Y'S identification of himself with these earr,est and practical reformers, and the applaute with which it was received, might suffice to show the inclinations of the meeting; but some of the gentlemen present were resolved this , in so far as taxation was concerned, this should not be left to vague inference. A written question was handed to Mr. AGLIONBY while speaking, asking his opinion on taxation and the peace question. Hie answer was satisfactory, and the advice mingled with it sound and important : I Lave on all occasions advocated a repeal of the window tax, of the duty on salt, soap, and all articles which press on the productive and consuming ears. But with regard to how far can go, it is impossible to answer you, incept in gene ral terms, that I wish for a reduction of all taxes as tar as it can be done, without breaking the faith of the nation. In re pealing any tax you must either show some mcde of gaining an advantage or of substituting another, otherwise you would leave your Chancellor of the Exchequer without money. I have gone with Mr. Cobden and Mr. Hume as an advxate of retrenchment. Retrench your army ; retrencn your navy ; lessen salaries ; and then reduced ezp, saliture must follow as a matter of course. Unto. tunately, when we call for a redaction of a tax we are met in this way, " Yon you are dishonest men ; ou would tube elf a tax,obuucat hno,wmtwdaidiloutt Rime say., .rerre you n :a m ? 00 7: 4 4 .0e wo y ul o d ur yo , z u p d n o d it lathe fended debt ? What would you do with the puhlic credi Mr. e 05.7.; the only way to make you de it is not to give you the stoa but to keep it from you." (Cheers.) That is the reason erkii ask you to join me in ceding tor a reduction of t - Bat what do you do ? 13: - ow me a heed that has put ita::ib".m. ture to a petition for a reduction of taxation. Where i s if? (Laughter.) Why, you let me w 'ik day and nigh. by le y ss i t and you don't give me sour support. My friend Jon Kahle: with his smiling face, writes to me end says, " Why y ou di not take off taxes ?" But I away' till him, "Ido my begs. but I am afraid Icon', say we have done u much as we *dot With regard to the other point o' the qu ry—the pesce qu i d s . —the necessity of forcing on all rulers anti goveeemenUtke importance of keeping the peace of nations, y that my heart and mind are in favour of ouch a movement. Every rational man must look neon wer as a treat eune tip* all clashes. It Is horrible to the feelings to think. f the bleed. shed and misery produced by it upon thoumnds. lint it cease ? I believe iu my conscience that it can cease, but only in consequence of • eenerad teeliaig among ell clewes. and those deserve well of mankind "ho put iheirhoed to the movement and say we wilt en‘orce the necessity of keeping peace Why, the m of the :ie•ple have the toing in their nee hands. But remember this .-)-u cannot be ru m bl e in Engiand if other natioos are at war; you cannot have you families and he arthstones free frem inv Bien if there should be a warlike feeling abroad. The movement for peat* men beg 1, and not lima se to •ne country. (Rear.) Hither to we believed that France was o'ir 'mine, and c mld nee exist recent in war. But I believe thew ashes of the mune of the French people are in tay.ur of peaco, for there is as. thing in F to induce me to believe there is anythle e but a peaceful feeling prevalent. And with France ena England inclined for ye ace, we may Set the worlo at de filmes. I d not bell-vs there can he a war If these two nations me their efforts to influence other nations. (Cher. re.) The movement, therefore, in tits country, tends to toe treat re. sult—peace and harmony among nations—not I will give it my sermon in the best way I can. (Cheers.) At the time this was slid Mr. AGLIONDY could scarcely have seen Mr. COBDEN'S 1. tter to the Liver pool Financial Association, but he spoke in the very spirit of that document. He insis ed upon the reac tion of ex;.enditure as an indispensable precursor to the taking off of taxes, and he pointed to the army and navy as the establishments admitting of th e largest reductiotra. Mr. HORSMAN followed to the same purpose: I will tall you the eoirt in which the gown:Engl.' end the whole constitution is the weakest—our hotel ea stem —our system of taxation. (Cheers ) It Ls impossible for mon to to on from year to year, beim , improvidently and increasirg his expenditure while his income is diminialeug lie ge es into gaol at last. And what is true of an individual is equally inevitable Ina nation. But there it t •is difference, Trough the nation does not go to gaol, yet you have wide. spread distress, end that creates turbulence een I &omen of every kind, and it is impossihls to farmer the seni le; people are constantly complaining of taxati 'n, and our fleecier' find it iroposhilve to meet the demands mode upon them Under 'hailer (decent* , m u what would en irdivi. dual do ? Ile asks himself, " How much of my expenditure can lec monad , e? " Now, In Eamlaed the who.e sum raised by taxation amounts to herw. as SO and 60 militate r Oat of that nearly 30 milltois go to pay the iaterest the national debt—a dead weight oo wltolt you c:.nnot anon* or make a reduction—and the inter hs f Is sill upon which reductions can be made. Depend on it, than, that a pap. meet of nearly 30 millions a year gning tan rrnimently without any hope whatever of elmailiution or anything dote away with. is s dangerous propped for our careless Mamas to look forward to. Deepen, on it. that it the systemic( levity and weakness wh en has recently ch e:seg our fiaanciel administration were to continue, there would corns a time when our position lentil(' be one of tlangc r segravated by &veer ent. Mr. AGLIONBY told his constituents a home truth when he told them that ktiterto the eeouemical re formers in parliame:.t have been moat inadequately supported by the reform , re oat of doors; bat we are mistaken if he can long m .ke this corn: !taint titherof the Cockermouth or any other relormcr3. For one reason we are dv.por.ed to attribute more importance to the Edinburgh than to the Cocker mouth meeting. The declarations of Messrs. AGLTONBY and HORNSIAN were made incidentally to an assembly which had met w i thout any eqiec:al re ference to financial reform. But, at Edinbargb, the citizens of the ancient capital ul Scotland met to in augurate an aesociation having for its object the re duction of publ c expenditure and taxation. The list of the gentlemen present is full of meaning to any one acquainted with Edinburgh. 'l'he old wing leaders were absent and apparently the young fry of parliament house politicians who claim to inherit the ir inflames on the strength of relationship or of as , etriug their livery. But the substantial citizens, and the rising independent politicians gathered in great twee. Mr. Cowan, the member for the city, the old and new provost, Mr. DUNLOP who all but carried On enock at the last election, and Mr. DCNCAN 3l'Lansa, one of the most shrewd and independent of Seotoh chins, came forward to avow their devotion to the principles of uncompromising and real I...:taiihment. insinuation dye t f h t r i e i r e wn eit o et ut in b g y , a from Ate body took the lead in it was simply to promote Mr. th gc at a t t h ie e th ci a nj i c v' et 'il e°f spoke those COBDEN'S views, elicited the explanation that though they cordially approved of, and concurred in these views, their resolutions, and the programme of the meeting's proceedings had been preparel some weeks before his letter appt al ed. Thi s 14 im portant, for it shows that site support Mr. Cz.BDEN is receiving is contributed by well-informed men and independent thinkers, who nave arrived, witoout com rauticaton, at conclusions similar to his, a d rally round nit; standard because ho has afforded !rem an opportunity of doing what mature deliberation had convinced them ought to be done. The labouring oar at this meeting devolved upon Mr. WILLIAM CHAMBERS. The full report of that gentleman's speech which we published a few days ago renders it unnecessary to illustrate its tenor by abstract or quotation. It was every whit as masterly as Mr. CHAMBERS'S first essays in agitatirg a kindred though purely local reform—the aboli'ic"i of the ini quitous annuity tax—some twenty years ago, and the wide and liberal course of etudes to a lach his literary exertions have since that time to ked him, prepared hie friend& to expect. It is impossible to reflect on the influence which Edinbnrgh exercises over public opinion in Saaand, and on the almost excessive caution which has generally ricterited the movements of Edinburgh politicians, without con grat.liting the advocates of financial rtlo:ru on the early and uncompromising declaration of adnesion to the cause which that city has made. But what is Glasgow about ? Glasgow which, when Edinburgh was disposed to linger Let ning to the conservative faer'inations of Boot Goan in 1835, threw itself so effectively into Lord Duititam's vale — Glasgow, which was the centre of an influen tial and persevering anti-coin-law agitation years before the League was formed ! Are its excise re formers about to flag now that a plan of financial re form has been brought forward, and warmly received by the public, which includes redress of flat ir heavy grievances? Tax Canadian ministry are setting about, their work like men resolute in purpose and prudent in action. They seem to harbour no intention to frustrate the hopes which were entertained of thorn by the country when it called them to power. Although they have as yet promulgated no programme of their plan of action, enough has transpired to satisfy the great balk of the liberal party, by which they are supported out of doors, that ministers are honestly bent on intro ducing, and staking their tenure of office upon the success of, measures embodying those re forms which are demanded in justice to all classes, and which the altered circumstances of the province so imperatively call for. It augurs well that, although the cabinet has a decided map r;ty at its command in the House of Assembly, it evinces every desire to proceed cautiously in the work which it has undertaken—a policy in which it appears to be sustained by even the most ultra of its support ers, who have the most unbounded confidence in the honesty of its intentions. There thus appears to be no pressure at present from without to drive the mi nistry-into rash and extreme measures, a s:ato of things which leads us to anticipate that the cause of reform in the province will be steadily and prudently promoted by the men who now act as Lord Etc IN's advisers. The two measures which will constitute the chief features in the ministerial budget of reform., and in respect to which the intentions of the cabinet have, as yet, been most fully enunciated, are designed to place the provincial university on a liberal and permanent footing, and to effect a reform in the representation. As regards the university, the final determination of the cabinet is not yet before us; bat from the outline of their proposed measure which has reached us in reference to the latter, we are in pose.sion of their intentions respecting it. We shall, therefore, confine ourselves at present to the subject of parliamentary reform, as it affects our fellow-subjects in Canada. The representative system in Canada is replete with anomalies similar to tho e which deface our own. It rests upon no intelligibL basil, having reference neither to persons nor to p,e,Ri ry, nor to both combined. A petty borough has as potent a voice in the legislature as a large county, comprising I