The Express. — London, England, 1849-01-02 00:00:00

m enses several towns, greater than itself, sad tw ent y ; igiss - ii s population. Not only are the favoured w e e& than pissed on an equal Sating with ag ricultural oonatitasecies, bat between the a sse egais themselves, equally represented in par ent, the greatest discrepancy b ot h e „ = l ine n and weal th , prevails. The can; have, perhaps. no each 'Mame in s us : system, as Moulton and the Tower Hamlets, but they have inequalities similar in princi ple, and differiug only in degree. There are awe in which a brrou4la of 2,000 people counterbalances in th e legislature the influence of 40,000 resident else- w h e re, and may others within these extremes. g ssere l It the boroughs are notoriously corrupt and under enc.: . control, like so many in oar own osen t r y, The is the evil•of which the Canadian liberals complain, so far as the re . pregente. tips is coos curd , and to which the ministry now in power are determined to apply a remedy. In Englciid one can, at least, account for the origin of the absurd inequalities which characterise our repro - optative eyetem, bat why, when a representative ' s y s t e m was to be created in Canada. similar dime packs should have been transplanted thither, with em say eirounatanoes imperatively calling for them, oak really at a loss to conjecture. If the Canadians wish to pat their representation upon a rational foot isg, no w is the Arne to make the attempt. By and bye, if th./ t-o nut now snowed, precedent, prescrip tive rights, and Tt stud interests, will stand in their way, and multiply their difficulties. That which the ultra reformers were desirous of &Min Sal to do sway with the remaining distinc tion between the two provinces, and to base the re presentation, as in the United States, solely upon po pulation. This would, of course, give the preponde rance in the legislature to the more populous province. The sabinet have resolved for thy present to atop short of blots these propositions. They will not dis turb the principl t by which the two sections of the united poorness ate equally represented. Thus, Ca nada Evil and Canada West will continue, despite the ether changes contemplated, to return the same number of members to the House of Assembly. This is a principle of which the lower province has bitterly comitains d ever since the anion in 1840, when its population was at kart 34 per cent. greater than that, of the upper province. 'the ultra-liberals in the latter have even admitted the reasonable ness of the complaint, and have contended fur giving to the greater p.palstion the greater legislative weight—no matter on which aide of the Ottawa it was found. Population is now, howevor, re ttelly rising to the same level in both pro vince-yea List the injustice of the distribution is not KO great as it was seven years ago. And by and bye, when the population of Upper exceeds that of Lower Csaada, which, at its present ratio of increase, it will speedily co, the table, will be turned, and the in 'Tail will then operate in favour of Lower Canada, as it cow operates against it. The proba bility, however, is, that by that time a new light will bet ak spun the Upper Canadians, and that they will ab i den the principle ere it commences to operate in tit . . oar of the lashitans. Bat, for the pre sent, no sue:. intuition as manifested, and thus the enemies cr the movement now going on are deprived ot arnunient which they would otherwise have at their come :nil, that It meditated a departure from the organic laws ot the province. Nor do the ministry contemplate the disfranchise welt of say existing constituency. Another great ilikulty is thus, for the time, got rid of. What they repose bt to divide tho larger constitur ncies into one, wo, or inure seet.oce, and to form each scztion by it lf, into a rely acrd distinct constituency. Thus, a ty,. 311,000 itt:tabitants, forming a single mut iiey, ill btt divided into two conatitnenuies '.:rants each.—this being the basis of ...in tit.. to be sdop:ed when practicable. In pr. ',seam the measure will fall short of the of tle alt at supporters of tr:e cabinet, but it is 'es feature in the tooe-event that this section the party w 11 not ploy,: itself impracticable, but • I elner u ty receive from the liberal leaders the in- I -- _ Itahnent of t . ussle* which is uttered for general no tie . Toes loebeanin• eon the part of the ultras from two causes—the intrinsic difficulties Lich ale), ere aware bc , :t the question, and the con ' wheel/ they entertain that the cabinet would ve gone further, had it seen its way more dully. imuinimity which thus exists between tore cabinet Its sup, , it:4 rs augers well for the success of the plated r• farms. The pr.osiall to leave 'he boroughs for the present Is they are, al d tuditide the huger constitornetes into two or more . lec.o• al d i,' riets, necce.onrily involves an increase to tbo number of members in the elective branch of au legielature. This is the third and not the least important feature in tho minis terial piste. Ever since the union, when the exlstirie re rreisrta. IVO system was establishes], the 11•• u se eil Assembly hay consisted of 81 members, 4 fro :a earl pruvinee. At hone we have reason to templAu • is t I. lower Louse being too numerous, but, this is bo too menus 113 great an evil as it would he to leave it tat small. The lacier evil isthat of which the Canadian people have, since 1810, had to complain. le a house oeuposel of so email a number of mem bers, maiontit s., nu roa.ter to wheat 'tido they incline, must always e small here is the difficulty. A go vernment with a eousiderable amount of patron see at its disposal can tinily, if it will, • • dunce a body tiros circumstanced. At all events, the e'.Ancts of its being able to do so iecrease with the diminution of the majority which my be against it. Tots places the House of Assembly in a state of • e dew n cnec upon the executive government, the peru cwt. ell c:s of which have been more than • •ce telt in tine trivet political experienca of Cinada. 1 t is essential, to mecum the independence of House et Assembly, that its number mild be increased beyond 84. The con • mplated n cum° proposes an increase of member-, which would make the house •• • ist of 132 in all, 76 from each province. To se the (Photo cy of the Chamber, it is desirable tit alioutot be beyond even the suspicion of undue • ; antes. The proposed addition to its numbers will •ce to secure its real independence. With a house us constituted, it is not - likely that ministers will 'a be luund governin; the provinces by majorities twos and threes, or, indeed, without a majority at nor will it bo possible for the execn • . ve, as it has done, again to secure the c of the house when the majority was eat it, by purchasing only one or two of its mem- S.nce the union, the majorities have averaged Sam 10 to 15, whereas, when the proposed addition Is effected, it is but reasonable to anticipate that they Will average from 20 to 30. This will make a minis try strong to act, when the majority is decidedly with It, and wterly paralyse it when the tables are turned upon it. The province will thus be secure against the recurrence of the gross outrage recently perpe trated epee it, when a cabinet ruled it for nearly two years, in open and undisguised antagonism with the representatives of the people. We have already taken occasion to express our Ipnions as to the course, which alone the imperial =nt should pursue, in reference to such questions as are purely of local import. The question of parliamentary reform in Canada is emmially so, particularly when no organic instita tisa is sought to be affected. We trust, therefore, fat Lord GREY will leave the Governor-General untrammelled, so that, with the advice and co-opera tion of his council, he may take that course which sloes will meet the wishes and requirements of the rantry. There are other questions of the greatest Importance to t •e future repose and welfare of the colony ripe for discussion, and the colonial department tenant, on the eve of their being mooted, be too guarded as or how it embroils itself with the local laternment in connexion with the question of paella mastery reform. gbe court. WINDSOR,. MosmaT.—The Marchioness of Water ford is expired to arrive at the Castle this day. Her Ma- NI and Prince Albert imparted at Saturday a llOshed ifctoos by 8 meet Coati.., A. R A., of the forthcoming ca lming I. ora Winterhalter'n Picture of the Uinta Family. The Duke of Cambridge attended a meeting at the Amore Hospital yesterday. The FArl of Auckland, First Lord of the Admiralty, rl Knight Grand Cr is of the Order of the Bath, emired eaten o':loek yesterday taming, at the Orange, limp mn_. the $ ,Lt of Lord Ashburton. ,o fspatch were rent off yeeterday evening from Ceiew.i Ofiet, for the Governors of the West India Co &se also 6 r the Governor of New Booth Wales. ROYAL Rev fILLL—At the early hoer of half-pest 111 ; 7 "t" 1 .1 th. hand of the 2n4 regiment or Vie 6111 6 Liz enabled is the Hoteopuk, sad &mimed them. selves limes* the bed-roma wiedew of bit , the Autism Tewgr, peeteesiied lbe hamlet s • e. Walsh am kindsrrt ma r r e Natiosal Aa them. Mr. Welted, die imerrosi te • stole of Me bead, efterseede prime of breaded k Ike Mode. DIFICIIIIIITION or SRI Quzins'eNzwYzuVeGlirra aw Wisssem—The distribuidas el her now yews we le - peer fmiuee of Wisher and Mower took Noes sisesistamstirszetere ef que Qems eadi , Pr i ns eau gursde s men of the royal liesmbein i ke sew rieiss es school in the Hessoperb. She interior Mae speaks, edi fice (at the upper end of which, elan le the revel skeet, were di-played the royal standard of Ileglisd, end a Sag bearing the arms of Sme-Cabourg and Make) was dessrated with Maelstrom and holly; ae were eke tke tables maim along the centre and sides of the apse which were placed the Tolima gifts to be Pesewtad to the poor of Windsor and Clymer. Them seehieted of 500 41b. loaves and 7201 be of plumpudding,Milolba. of beef, 161 blankets, 9 leaflet cloaks, 1,1111 yards of calico, and 6 . 28 yards of flmnel. Het llajeety, accompanied by Prints Albert, the Prince of Weise, - the Princess Royal, Prince Alfred, and the Primmer Alice and Helena, stationed themselves in the Qems's closet, which elm mended an uninterrupted view d the sea ne below. Boon alter nine o'clock the recdpients of the royal bounty were stationed at the western end of the Riding-school, where they awaited the arrival of the court. The distribution of the new-year's gibs, which cosamartod inunediately upon her Majesty sad the royal family mating their appearance in the Queen's dont, occupied upwards of an hour. At the conclusion the Queen sad the Prince Con- I sort, accompanied by the royal fam4y, and attended by the members nt the household, retired, and retsina across the Home-r-rk to the castle. DEATH OF LORD AUCKLAND. The elms of the old year bas been signalised by the sudden death of a leading member of the cabinet. The Earl of Auckland row on Saturday siessing, apparently in good health, at the Grange, in Hampshire, where ha was spending his Christmas holidays wins Lord Ashburton. He seemed to be in high health and spirits, end went oat to enjoy the amusement of shooting. Oa a sudden the noble earl staggered and complaimed of severe illness, and beton he could he conveyed to Lord Ashberton's residence, be was taken with a fit of apoplexy. An express was in•tantly de. spatehed to the Admiralty, to apprise his loidenip's sister, of the alarming fact. The Hon. Mies Eden and Dr. Lncock, after as little delay as potable, proceeded by alg• ae train to Baeingstoke, and hastened to the , where the noble earl was found to be speechless and totally unconscious of what passed around him. Other symptoms were perceptible, and Dr. Loeock gave it as his opinion that the cam was a hopeless one. The doctor re turnri to town by the Drill train on Sunday night, the Hon. Miss Frances Eden remaining at the Grange. The lamented earl continued in the same danger.us condition up to half poet seven o'clock yesterday morning, when he expired without having rallied or exhibiting the least consciousness of his alarming state. The deceased George Eden, Earl of Auckland, Baron Auckland of West Auckland, county Durham, in the peerage of Great Britain, and Baron Auckland in Ire land, was the second son of William, first Lord Auckland, and Eleanor, second daughter of the Right lion. Sir Gilbert Elliot, Bart., and slat. rof the late Earl of hlinto. He was born 24th August, 1784, and was therefore in the 6.5 th year of his age. The late earl succeeded to the family honours on the death of his father. in May, 1814. his elder brother the Hon. Wm. Eden having died in 1810. He is succeeded in the barony of Aucklanu—the original family title—by his only brother, the present Bishop of Soder and Man, and late Vicar of Battersea, better knowa by his name of the Hon. and Roy. Robert Ed en, and who was barn in 1799. The Right Rev. Prelate is in his 49th year, and married in September 1825 Miss Mary Hurt, eldest daughter or Mr. Fraries Edward Hurt, by whom he has a numerous family. The decrepit(' was more remark able for diligent habits of business—which however ren dered him a valuable pubic servant—than for the more brilliant . qualities of a statesman. Although bred to the tier, having been called to it at Lincoln's inn in 1609, the late lord was not en eloquent debater. unlike his father, woo was one of the ablest parliamentary debaters of his day. He had iod ed no opportunity of distinguishing himself in the House of Commons, for at the age or 32, he inherited his father', perm i ts. In 1430 when the late Earl Grey took office Lori Auckland as ono of the leading members of the whig party, was offered the appointment of President of the Board of Trade end Master of the Mint, with a seat in the Cabinet, and was on accepting office, sworn of the privy council. His lordsh-p eniteinued to discharge the functions of that depart ment until the wend- n of Sir Jain, s Graham, Lord Stanley, the Duke or Richmond, and the Earl of Ripon hem Earl Grey's administration in 1834, *het, his lordship, at the re quest of his colleague in the cahinet, consented to remove to the Admiralty, vacant by Sir J -ones Graham's retire ment, end he fined that eM •op to the dismissal t the late Viscount Melbourne, n he retired with his coil- SINN, On Via-ow t Melbounit's return to power in April, 183 he was again appointed First Lord of the Admiralty, whic h he held tap to September In that year, when he was selects° to fill the important pat of GtivernOT- Gereral of India, Lord ytesbury's appointment by Sir Robert Peel having been cancelled. He went to boils at a in riod when that country was enjoying the greatest tranquillity, but at the close of the first two years of his ad ministration of the government of that empire events °c entred of too momentous and disastrous a &meet. r not to be fresh in the recoil. etion of all. It was while his lordship presided over the government of India that the invasion of Affghanistan took place, but to what extent his lordship was wiser( table for that invasion is unc:r.ain. It resulted in rev. nes which eventually led to its evacuation by the Eng. bah forces. Lord Auckland remained in Indite till 1842, when he was succeeded by the Earl of Ellenborough. While in India—namely, in December, le3o, be was created an earl as a ma- kof regard .or his public services. Whoa Lord John Russell succeeded to the holm of affair., his lordship was appoint. d First Lord of the Admiralty, which ()Mee be held at the rime of his death. The late earl was nominated a civil knight grand cross of the order at •he Bath, in ennsiekrat.on of his public servigge in 1835. He was also an e Mcial trustee of the British Mu seum, governor of the Royal Naval College at Portsmouth ; one of the committee of council oa education ; president of the Asiaie Society (to which he was gloried in 1843) ; vice pr. sident and president ee the ',mate of University College, London ; eke-president of the Horticultural Society, and vice.president of toe Z sologiral Society. By the .1-mite of this much reap. erect nobleman the fami lies of the Earl andCountns of !Quito. the Earl and Countess of Ripon, the Countess (dowager) of Buckinghamshire, the Hon. Admiral end Mrs. /Gibe, Lady Anna Maria Deakin Lord and Ley Brougham, Lord Godolphin, lion. C. and the Hon. Mrs. Drummond, Sit J. and L ady: Catherine Boileau, &a., are placed in meutnieg. We brat that the mortal remains of his lordship will be removed to the Admiralty to-morrow or the following day, prior to interment. MIDDLESEX HOSPITAL. A special general meeting of the governors of this charity wee held yesterday in the board- room of the hospital, to receive the report of the weekly bo.rd upon the alterations and impros 'meats of the building, and to inspect the new ward which hoi been erected and endowed by the munificent bequest ot Lady Anne Elisabeth Murray, called " Sir John Murray's Ward," and the other new wards, preparatory to their being opened for the reception of patients. The Hake of Cambridge presided, and wan yuppie red by an usually large Demote of the vice-presidents, govemon, and friends of the institution, including several ladies. His ROYAL 111OHNIE88, on teeing tee chair, expressed the gratification he felt upon being called on to preside at a meeting to celebrate the re-opening of the h.epital. As one of these who had been most anxious tor improving and increas ing the capabilities of the hospital, he couid not but con gratulate Aimed% the weekly b .ard, and the governors gene rally, on the success of their exertions for that purpose. It was a coinci fence not to be overlooked, that the re-opening of the institution had Whit on New Yeses day; and in wishing all present a happy new year, he might be permit ted to express an earnest hope that this would be the com mencement of a lug series of prosperous and thriving years for this charity. Letters were then read from several ut the via-presidents and governors, including the Bishop of Lon don, Mr. J. Pepys, Mr. Mujoribanks, Captain Johnstone, and others, apologising for non-attendance. Mr. M. theirs then read the report of the weekly board, detailing the various alterations and improvements which had been made (and which were described in the E :press of Saturday last), and ii. referring particular] y to the Sir John Murray ward, said it had been erected an d endowed for the reception of 16 patients by the munificent bequest (10,0011 ), of Lady Anne Eli,. Murray, relict of the late Sir John Murray, as the most finial/ memorial to her dimmed hue bend. It was somewhat singular that the intimation of this bequest—by means of which they had been enabled so mate rially to add to the accommodation of the hospital—had come to them the day after they hut decided upon expending 12,000 i. of their funded property in carrying out the plan air submitted to them by Mr. Wyatt, their architect. it,. J. HAVILAND BURK., in moving the adoption of the report, observed that, though the original estimate had been somewhat exceeded, the original plan having boss extended and altered in many respects, he believed the was now inferior to none in the metropolis as mem moDation f,r patients and the officers of the einnbildtment, for ventilation, and all other matters which could teed to the comfort and restoration of the poor who sought its aid. He suet, however, remind the subscribers that. in adding to the accommodation to the extent of 60 beds, the anneal ex penditure would be increased, and renewed exertion on the part of the subscribers would be necessary to maintain the imtitution in an efficient state. He would remind them that the rich were quite as much benefited as the poor by these establishments, in the medical talent they were the means of calling into 'Matinee. Mr. Suing, in ascending the motion, called attention to one great improvement the alterations bad enabled them to effect—vie., the appointment of sisters, or superintendent nurse', to each ward. Next to good medical aid, good nursing was essential to the recovery of perms labouring entire disease; and this could not be ensured unfree there was some person to see that the inferior nurses performed their duties by night as well as by day. This would not entail any additional expense on the hospital, because, by another are ngement, the convalescent patients would be placed in a separate weed, and so the number of night nurses would be diminished. He wished to draw attention to another feature of this society—the Samaritan fund, out of which was provided the means of sending pathnosto their own homes, alter they were discharged from ; the hospital re cured, and supolyiug teem with clothes, tlinAel, and other necessaries. To this fund, as well as the j general hoopital land, he solicited contributions. The hos- THE EXPRESS, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 2, 1849. pital gave relief already te atimail,oooeaideor petainelleposrly and to between 2,000 end UM r. elfeb mlimalsers would be now. he herd. inenemed. The quer tion for receiving and edeptieg the r epent wee then t aad earned ; and on the iestles id Capt. Mande, eaMnded by Bir W. Stirling, tart., an .1 the 111111 kW sad pur pose of he bequest from I Murray. Balding the l es lege fres the will bequest/deg tee mossy, was eedared to be Amid ever the Oir Jahn Norm ward, sad to be inserted in tin mdmieris of the liespliaL Mr. W. Tooan ((the treesaree) mend the thanks of the meeting to 11.R.111 the Date at Casakeiineire his kindness In preisding that day and for his aathgraas generally to the weekly board during the hareoveneride. The vote wee tarried by acclamation. His Royal Highness, in acknowledging this tribute of respect, said it was always very flattering to him to ho in formed that he had been of say service to the cause of charity, and fur the cordial manner in which they had accepted the proposal just made to them in his favour he felt espe cially grateful. Of this pertienlar charity for a long time he had had but little anowledge, but ever slum it had been brought to his attention—by a circumstance which he need not explain—he had taken a very great interest in its welfare. He believed—thou:k he had not seen them him self—the the alterations, when th y came to be examined, would meet the approval of the governors generally, and fully justify the outlay which had been incurred, and that the hospital, in point of eftl ieoqq in all re pests, might now compete with any similar meat, ishaent in the metropolis. It was with great pleasure that he attended there two.iy to preside at the re-opening of ea institution which n.. one could be more anxious to see prosper and tortes than he was. (Cheers.) His Royal Highness, the governors, and company present than proceeded over the Luilding, to exen.ine the serious alterations and improvements, with which they expressed themselves much pleased; the system of ventilation. er..e. chilly, as regards a simple contrivance for opening situate namely, and by one motion, the three sashes into which each window is divided to as to admit cold air into the water, di recting the current to the ceiling, and away from the bids. The arrangements for washing, warming, and t• c security from Bre, were the subjects of general commendation. actor this examination the hospital was thrown open for patients. ARRIVAL 111 LONDON OP LOLA MONTES.,--This celebrated individual attended ea Saturday at Nichelame' Wharf the xamination of her baggage and eff.cts, which had arrived by a steamer from Boulogne a day or two before. She made a declaration before the authoriiies, in the long room of the Custoru-honee, respecting them, which one at tested with the signature of ' Mane, Coun'tas of Lands felt." CHOLERA. Yesterday, the Board of Health re ceived reports of the hllowing fresh eases: Chelsea, 3; Wandswor.h, 1 ; Leamington, 7, 5 fatal; Chesham, from Nuv. 26, to Dec 31,1848, 42, 20 fatal ; Belioburgh, 8 late ; Glasgow 166, 72 fatal ; Dumfries and Maawelltown, 9, 3 fatal ; Bonness, 1; Greenock, 3 ; Larkhall, 2 ; Dumbirtun, 3 fatal; Old ?dockland, 21, 7 fatal; Rothee ey, 10, 6 total; Neilston, 1. Total new cases, 267; 123 deaths. CHEAP NEWoI'APERS.—The first number of a cheap weekly newspaper he Mercury) made its appearance at Birmingham, on Saturday. Ire poietical creed (eaye the editor, en h.e addreal " rests on po;.ular righis." Tue ea citement caused in tee town, as we learn front our corre spondent, was considerable. The publishing office was thronged bum 2 o'clock in the afternoon, cud many went away unable to obtain impressions. Though p 4itical opinion In birmillhaut is esiei to tend towards the democratic shade, there was not, until this pap. r started, a radical newspaper. Tna COLCHESTER ELECTION oP 1837.-81r,—In looking over the ankh. headed " Colchester" in your p-per of this day, I obarrve a slight error which you might wish to have corrected. The gentleman who " opposed the sitting members in 1837," wan not Mr. Rundle Todd,a G mdon solicitor, but Mr. Andean Todd, who represented lioniuni Ice the first Reform Parliameut, and, who certainly, et Col cheeter, did not receive the support he was led to e ape et.— A CONSTANT READSII.—Re l oan Club, J anuary 1, 1849. _ _ _ _ THE FINANCIAL REFORM MOVEMENT.—Ye-terday ',marl a numerous meeting of the Westminster lteiorm Society was held at the Toth Hotel, Upper Wellington street, Strand, f r the purpose of electing the a Seen of the sueirty for the ensuing year. Mr. Get sin to the Opole. A long discussion took place upon the receipt of a letter from Mr. G. Pounci y,cffering his resignation as a member, wilich took place in consequence rf a dispute at the previous meet ing, the result of which was that • deputation was tonal nated to wait upon him, in order to induce him to mush' in the society, and on which euvount the election of the When was not pre ceeded with. Mr. Haggett, the secretary, then tall' d the attention of the society to the intended meeting, at Manchester, and he appeuled to the society, to know whether they would ts/ie any step. in sup port of the movement, which it was expected wield be put in operation at that meeting. Mr. Great observed, that he thought tne slop. ty ought at ease to Ave its adhesion to the movement, notch tie (Gum& red was one of the highest importance at the pees, nt crisis, and that would be attended with the greatest advaotagel to all elemes.—Mr. Bidgood tend that the spenditure of the country was enormous, and he thought t ha t they ought to unite with that important body, which was el. rung itself to reduce that expenditure. It they had a refer= of the legislature, the time would soon come when they would base a reduc.ion of the expenses of the country.—Atter • pr...- tracted discussion, in the coutze of which sums r, ilutions were proposed, i• was unanimeusly resolved, on the motion of Mr. Mall wk, seconded by Mr. Lebram, " that in COWL 9uenet of the meeting of reformers to be held, on Inc 10th instant, at Manchester, to take into consideration the pre.eut state PI political effairs in this country, tLis meeting is ad journed to Monday. the 15th, to imuuder the repo utionti there adopted."—Thanks were voted to the chairman, and the meeting separated. ROYAL MASONIC INSTITUTION FOR BOYS.—At quart- rly general court of the governors ard subeerioers of this institution, held last night at Bloonisbury.plaw,lhomes Waring, Esq., in the chair, the following boys were elected to the 12 wcaneies, snaking up the full number of 70 who receive the benefit of the charity:—W. J. Cueley, T. McCandlish, G. Smith, W. Smith, H. Bonn, F. K-ney, 11. Williams, B. Owen, R. Shackell, H. Vine, A. Honk', and H. D. Thiselten. There being no other hinnies-, the court adjourned. THE SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY AND PERIODICAL PA:WINGER TICICITS.—We have been requested to pub i k the folowing statement in reference to s. meeting of certain regular passengers on this line : " Certain resolutions were pared at a meeting of railway passengers on the 18'h Die., held at the Hero of Waterloo Tavern, the riurth of which conveys the conclusion of those attending the meeting, That they will support and adopt, as far as possible, other modes of travelling, if • more reasonable dealing with the public cannot be maintained.' It appears that the occasion of the meeting in question is twofold, viz.—First. the adop tion by the London and South Western Railwey . of the ex periment of season tickets; secondly, the nosing of the doable journey tickets. It appears that sewn tickets are now issued fur the first time on this line, and afford a person whose daily occupation leads him to town the mesas of travelling by the ex press or any other mein in a first-class carriage, at the rate of lel. per mile, if he take a yearly ticket, i:r per mile if he take a quarterly ticket, instead of 2ld. per mils, the ordinary first class fare, the express fares being higher. In other words, a reduction is now offered for the first time (to such of the public as choose to avail themselves of the arrasthement) of 60 per cent. below the ordinary fares. The complaint of the railway travellers of the Hero of Waterloo appears to be that more is not offered. The answer of the directors to this charge is, of course, simply, that they consider this as large a reduction as it is jud.cious to offer. On the second point : By taking e double journey ticket at the rates raised as they, in Nome instances, now are, a manger may still effect a saving of from 10 to 16 per cent. upon the fazes authorised by parliament and charged upon this line. The com plaint of the railway travellers in question is that a greater drawback should be allowed, because it has hitherto, in some eases , been allowed. The answer of the directors, as in the season tickets, is that they consider the present drawback as numb as it is judicious to offer. It may be remarked that the effect of bolt the arrangements cosorlained ot, via. (mason and double journey tickets), Is greatly to reduce the rate of the ordinary fares authorise.: by parliament, and charged upon this line (which remain aa they were), and eoneequently to give the public something beyond that to which they are strictly entitled, and yet them *additional inducements to travel are made the subject of a grave oem. plaint, and the ocesa:on of an attempt at a public meet ing." It may be mentioned, in addition, that with a view to public accommodation during this festive season, the di rectors have put on " theatre trains," which start from the Waterloo station three times a week at midnight. COLONELS, AND SOLDIY3B' CLOTBINCL—Sir,—The colonels of regiments are indebted to the explanations put forward is their behalf by Mitior-General Napier, who in de fending them is pleading his own canoe. The checks on the quality of the soldiers' clothing, appear very . stringent, and so they are on home service ; but in our colonies it frequently happens that the non-arrival of the new clothing reduces the soldier to every shift, until at last he is actually in rags. The Commanding-officer has then no alternative but issuing the clothing to the regiment, such es it is—good or bad, more fre quently the latter. General officers ought to be relieved from this very discreditable mode of remuneration. There can be but one feeling in the country, that the army hi s strong claims on its gratitude ; and that its °Moen, after 30 or 40 years' service, are well entitled to those marks of dis. tinction, and pecuniary reward, her Majesty is pleased to con fer on them. The manner however, in which those claims are placed before her Maje sty has created a feeling of dips tiefaction, as the public cannot see with indifference reward. showered on men who, at moat perhaps, have not above 15 years' service to put forward as a claim, and have spent the remainder of their tints, sines the Battle of Waterloo, in the window of the United Service Club, or walking the strap's in Bath or Cheltenhern.—AN OLD COLONEL.—Dec. 29, 1848. TAW BEGGING " PROFESSION "—At a recent meet leg of the Wesleyan Mitsionary Society, the R v. ,Mr. Branch said that a short time since he vl.ited a room in Westminster, where he saw a woman with a dyi.4 child in her arms. Commiserating the wretched creature's canattion he inquired into her histeey, and her means of livelitto-d, and, in answer to his questions, she replied, " Oh, Sir, my sufferings are great, and so are those of my child; but when my child is gone, I know not what to do." " Bat," oh served ldr. Branch, " it will be a happy retries for you and your child, as you can make no exertions while you are burdened with her." " Oh dear, Sir," ejaculated the mother, " when she is gone, I'll have to pay 91 a day for another child, while she costs me nothing. U, t,sa I do so I'il earn nothing by begging, for it is the children that excite compassion." In another room in the non s Xr. Branch found forty beggars, and rogues, male and tamale, young, old, lams, sad round • Are, all ridat- Mg their exploits, end ke their next alias upon the 'public, In a war wareress, la Wuluistw,lhe saw exhibited for hire sad saes every variety dermas% Mabsding widows' weeds and tattered rags, shabby genteel costumes, clerical salts, site., adapted to the different plats of mendi cant operations pursued by the several parties who Winstead this exuraordinary bazaar, and who suds begging • " pro. usion." FIRES IN LONDON DURING 11348.—Yesterday Mr. Braidwood, the superintendent of the London firiHentrine establishment, made his annual :stun of the fires whiohked occurred during the past year in the metropolitan district. The return includes every disaster that bad taken plane by fire up to 12 o'clock on Sunday nithB. from which it rip peers that the premises totally destroyed and considerably damaged were 296. The number ot baling. slightly da• waged by fire, water, Re., were 609, nuking a tonal num ber of fires of 805. The false alarms to which the engines and firemen baa been called were 120. There had been 86 chimneys on fire ' to which the firemen had given their attendance. This total number of calls for mentance was 1,011 There hs.ffbeen 10 fatal fires,and the number of livesloot were 2 firemen and 12 private individuals The most disastrous fires were those at New-crane, Shadwell, where Piercy and Hancock, two of the-hrigade from Welleloee.square station, were ertehed to death by the falling of the floors et • steam corn mill, owing to the great weight of the machinery in the upper then; that which recently occurred in Gray'oinm lane, where a husband and wife perished, the one in the Whitecbspel•road, where two paeans were bused to death ; and the extensive chicoory mill, fa Mary-street, Whitechapel, when a man was killed by one of the walls falling upon him. The explosion in Albany-street, Regent's Park, is especially allude d to in the return, the different buildings damaged on that occasion beig upwards of 100. The yearly average of fires in th e metro is for the last 16 yeah ts thus given, which shows a large increase in their number. Pre mises totally de4reyed, and considerably damaged 216. Slightly damaged, The total was, therefore, 644 fires ; 75 false shunt, 93 chimneys; and the total of calls for fires and alarms 814, showing an increase of 197 this year over the average at former years. Daring the same period seven firemen had loot their lives in the execution of thdir duty, and 239 private incividnals had been burned to death. Thu; return it.es net include the number of children who annually perish through their clothes taking tire, but merely those who have been known to be burned in the fires attended by the brigade. GUlloT, YEITERDAY.— FIRES ARISING FROM CASSIAS:sr:rail me ECILDINO.—Seto,, Mr. W. Payne, at the Cross Heys, W ood-s. rut, Camptide, relative to the e Aloe of a fire which occurred on Friday last, in Cleat nt's court. The cent query( a of the fire were unimportant, the damage having been but tr.fling. It was, however, elicited in the emit of the inquiry that the fire arose from the way in which of rtain repairs had been made to the house of Mr. James Rehefi•dcl, Mauer seer warehouseman, and that a great many recent fins had originated in a similar ca use . It appeared that the house was tree property of Mr. Brass, who at the time of the lire tans completing some repairs and alterations in it. One of the alterations wu that of making an additional chimney, an 1 laying down a hearth in communication with it. No examination had been made of the wall sgaiust which the chimney was built to use*. tai,, if mere were any timber in or near the flue, and on Friday last, shortly atter one of the workmen had kindled a fire on the hearth, a fire wu discovered in the well at the bark of the chimney. The beat from the hearth hal ignited the wood, which was separated flout the hearth by only ti inches of brick ark. It was stated by Mr. Braidwood, of the London Fire Brigade, that builders trequ •nily erected chimneys against old walls without taking the troubl- to see if there were any timber near, and that OPT, than • hundred fires had, to his knowledge, occurred from that cause. The jure return- d a vtrdiv, "Tout the arc eriginatiod In the ignitiOn of a certain portion of timinr in an old p -rty wall, art:inst which a fire-place aid flue Imd been recently erected ; that it appears that all the usual precautions were adopted by the builuer ; but it is the ii;o doe of the jury that morn stringent regulations are required in simile' , cases." CONVEYANCE OF THE MAILS AND PAS SENGERS DETWEEN LONDON AND PARIS. Sir,—l addressed you a few observations some days face, rating Out the inconvenience the public interests wend t suffer, if the quick mails tptween London arid Paris were agniu a niveyed by way of Calsis. I find, front official information, that the distance from Paris to B tulognet by railway, ie 169 miles, and to Calais 2351. As the passives to and fun 1) ever and those ports are practically equal in I netts, and the line from Dover to Loudon is common to bath route., It appears that the route from London to Perin, professed to te. t hen by the quick mail after Jan, 15, 1849, Is 661 tail's longer than that now adopted via Boulugoe. After these (hares, any comments on the delays that w add necessarily ensue, if the route by Calais is again taken, are um et eta .ry . It may, however, be observed, that if the northern company are ready to take the mail from Paris to C dais by expos train, if that route he adopted ; the Boulogne Company are, on the otter hams, wiling to convey the mail to Boulogne in from five hours to five hours and a had, it indemnified for the ts ponse such an arrangement would put them to ; for it ap pears they lose largely by their present contract for convey tng the snails between Paris and Boulogne. If the mail were co:ailed from Faris to Bout tgue in five hours, and the tnstante trunt Dover to London continued to be accomplished in two-anti-a-half, as at present, the present time allowed for the transit between London and Paris of fourteen hours and three-quarters, might. be reduced an hour, and yet so much tim-, for the passage between Dover and Boulogne that the recurrence of delays (ruin bad weather, the dtelleulfiee occasiotally ezptrirnud in 1 endtng or shipping the mail bags at low-water, &t, would be nearly obviated ; awl, in addition to the 'feeder 'peed attained, the possibilit of partly varying the departures of the mail -tremens with the tide, would ensure an almost uniform regularity. If the present arrangements are at ail to be tut did: il, such a change would indeed be enter able to one increasing the time of transit to such an extent that the English lentos, mow delivered in Paris before the opening of the Bourse, would only he delivered afterwards ; and parties able to pay for expresses, and telegraphic men 1 cafes, would once more le gain an undue advantace over the' masa of the public. But it is said that the port of Bouleigne is km accessible than that of C dais. Hem I will again reply be fatter. In the pest year 36J mail packets left England for Boulogne, and 365 for Cal tie. The Calais mails commanded 1 ny captains wort have psewd all their lives on the station, and almost always airwieg by daylight, we too late for the mail train 37 non.; toe Boulogne commanded by capture who had never be en on the station before, always arriving between one and three in the morning, and expe- I riencing great difficulty from landing the mail page at low water, fom the absent.e of proper boats for the service, landed them too late tor the train 46 times. These facts are, I think an undeniable prool that the two ports are practically equal as the excess of mm • delays in delivering the mail against Boulogne may be fairly set off against the extra ffitticuaies of the night service. This being the case, I can. not see why the English mail steamers should not et "Ti tian' to undertake the Boulogne station, as at present, and leave the Calais statioa to the French packets. As they would have the night service, and convey four letters out of every five between England and France, they ought to be paid more then half the amount of poetsge on all letters chargeable to freight across the Channel —or, Intl better, re ceive the whole** it on letters conveyed by them, and let the French government receive the whole for letters conveyed by their steamers. Bat if, objecting to this arrangement, the French government should de sire to adopt Lord Clanriearde's first proposal to divide both services equally, let them build steamers fit for night servi.e, if these they now possess ere unequal to it ; and in the ineanwhite contract with parties hero or in France to undertake for them that part of their service their own boats are not competent to perform. Such . packets as those now rooning between Folkestone and Bou iogae, often at night, could easily do it. The conclusion I arrive at is this, sir, that the mercantile public here being much interested to prevent the removal of the mails from Boulogne to Calais, should exert themselves to have the present arrthgenit at continued, until one can be substituted for it, st II turther satisfying the interests of all parties, somewhat on the basis I have jest pointed oat.—H. OVERCHARGES.—Sir —A correspondent complains in your number of the 27th, of the recent increase of charge arbitrarily imposed upon second cabin passengers, be her Ma jesty's mail packets bet ween Dover and Oasis. Upon the principle of striking while the iron is hot, allow me to ask the favour of a short spies in your columns to state a griev ance of another sort to which passengers by the British mail packets between B Julep* and Dover are needlessly sub jected. Arriving tram rub at Boulogne, at half-past two, on the morning of Saturday last, the 23rd Met, I desired to proceed to Dover by the mail-packet, sailing at four o'clock the same morning. She was lying in the bay, half a mile Pram the pier -bead, of which, seeing that high and low water are uncontrollable facts, I make no complaint. But I do make complaint that her passengers were left without the as sistance of any functionary connected with the packet or the French government, to convey themselves and their baggage in the dark, from the distant railway station, across the ha boar, and down to the pier head (catching permits of ember cation as well as they could en route), there to see to their trunks and carpet-bags being lowered In a scrambling fashion to the sanda—theruselves to scamper across the beach to the water's edge, and, after bargaining in the midst of a crowd of fishermen and port rs for baggage lowering, guidance, &c., to be at the mercy of extortioners, whose shoulden ware to bear them through shallow water to the boats, end finally, on boarding the steamer, to be still most utterly at the mercy of equally extortionate boatmen, as to the price of the passage. An appeal to the steward to know the proper fare was useless—'e They may charge what they like, sir.', And there, on the deck of a Britisa government vessel, were these Boulogne boatmen permitted to storm and gabble, and insult the pesseugers and to dictate their own terms. The maste r, whom I believe to have been an officer in the royal navy, stood quietly aloof, and witnessed the scene, and it was with difficulty that we induced him to do us at any rate the justice to desire oar baggage to be planed on **deck be fore we paid the fares demanded, that we might be satisfied they had been duly earned. He was evidently de termined to interfere as little as possible and, but for an energetic remonstrance, would have permitted his passengers to be bullied to any extent. Surely an arrangement is ob vious by which tie mid-packet passengers and their goads might have been, without hurry, anxiety, confusion, and ex tortion, conveyed on board the steamer, and charged for the service in tote amount of their farm, by en increase on them, which would have been willingly paid. The inconvenience and annoyance of the shipment were great, and the scene on leased, in which the deck was taken P011•111a1011 of by French boatmen dictating their ewe terms to passengers, under the v if nose of the master, was humiliating and disgraceful. I enclose my name sod adores. in obedience to your rule.— OMB who atinAZD.—Dao. 28, 180. THE GREAT PRISONS OF LONDON. THE QUEEN'S PRISON. Who ham not heard of Queen's Bench prison? Who, that has come to years of dieerstioe, and, like Bassi Pessaibreker. become endowed with the di whim pri vilege of manbood--the right of going to gaol for his owe debts—has sot more than heard of it ? What lounger in Pell-ma, what saunterer in Regent-street, has not had a friend then at am time or another? Who has not known men Fobs it to Emma, Baden-Baden, or Vienna? In fast, what stateassea.pset, artist, noble, wit, politician, or phil oso ph er , has mot paid a visit to its secluded courts—taken momentary shelter from the storms of life within its peaceful haven—and gathered there new strength to combat with the world? Queen's Bench ! why the very word sounds like an oracle, and stirs the depths of mummy as • dream. There is a his tory and • romanc e in it s soun d. Beton the mind's eye flit& a grand procession of glorious and spectral forms—authors, heroes, artists, who for a time have hell ,wed with their life, and thought, and Modes, a soil which is no longer "ruler. ' Queen's Bench ! Thee, vulgar, indeed ! No, ro! ileums has been too much :,bout thy paths foe that. The muse has sung and art embodied thee in immortal tones and shapes. In prose an ' rhyme, in sound and tint, thy votaries have made thee like a household thing in English hons• ti. No one, indeed, but knows thee well—perhaps too well ; for thou art truly not so bright, curious, picturesque, as the imagination paints thee. The pencil of Hs don and the pen of Fielding have s h e d a glory round thee which is not thy own. In truth, genius has dealt with the too graciously. So many rays from the ereat luminous track of our country's literature have fallen on thy threatening walls, and sombre* nooks and courts, we hardly think of thee as the dark and loathsome thing thou art. The foreign splendours rut upon thee a s a veil: but in truth it is the veil of a Mokannall—hiding a very hideout' thing beneath. We speak of the Queen's Bench. We must correct the term. The Queen's Bench belongs to history. It is no more. The site remains : the old walls are there still : the buildings are the same : bat in truth it is a different place. All is changed within the last few years. The charm is gone. There is not much of the b .ffoonery, scoandrelbea, riot, contusion, which formerly made It picturesque —striking to the artistic sys—euggeetive to the poetic mind. There is littlo now to court the brush, or to reward the pen. The surface at least has grown comma place and prosaic to a et gree of repulsion. One sees more now of the tragic aspect of the place—less of the rumour, the society, and the character. There is, of course, interest in this—a deeper interest than in the externals at any time, however grotesque ; but such interest is not for the stranger. Not a man here but has a tale of sorrow and distress—some of which, could you believe them literally true, would make the heart bleed—tad is only too willing to tell it it he can procure • listener. It is one of the cure:shim of the prison world that it relaxes and breaks down the mind. Men who, in the world, would be clew, prudent, disposed to keep their own counsel, alter going through a course of idleness end maudlin thought, will decline into mere drivellers and gossips. Their minds become relaxed— loom, weals, childish. This effect of idleness and seclusion is not equally apparent in all persons; some minds will of course bear up against more dissolving force than others' but the tendencj is general. Idleness always weakens and vitiate, ; if combined with personal restraint the evil work is so much the more rapidly done. What was iormerly the Qicen's Bench—and is still pope larly known as such—is now called the Queen's Prison. The change of risme wee mule • few years ago, when town] radical alterations were introduced into its plan and govern ment. The famous Fleet Prison was pulled down about the same time, and the great prison of the Marshalsea was given up, as d the three amalgamated into one. Toe whole of the prison is now within the walls. There are no liberties, as formerly, outside—a manifest improvement. At one time neariy half the south-side of Laudon was within the rules ; and, in the ordinary course of things, all the metropolis would can have become one extended prison, had not a change been made. Prisoners living within the ales, by exercising a little lire, could go pretty nearly where they wished. The governor was, of course, always bound to produce their bidies when required ; bat the errangementa were such as to allow • large margin fur the derenu's plea mare and convenience. Evidence came before the old paella &watery commission (1727-29), showing that the ward rs were in the regular habit of selling the right of escape to such as could all ,rd their exorbitant terms. Many persons in debted to the crown fur very large sums got sway beyond the seas in this manner . • and so carelessly were thin gs cou d uct d he the officials — wh o, it should be raid, in extenuation of their guilt, boa„ ht their situ:items for considerable amounts of motley, and 1 oked up-in the business simply as a trade speculation—that no account wile ever taken of the date of escape or the n u me of the person, ru uch less any attempt m,.de to r. cover the fumigate. The officers bought their places and made the most ut them. Universal corruption reigned—and, with more or less intensity, continued in all three— Queen'. Murstialsta, and Fleet, until the recent bream up of the old system. Money, powerful everywhere, was orampo. tent in these prisons. Eti rything could be done with it— without it, nothing. Toe hair stands on mid at the relation of some of the barbarities practised to extort money. When the Commons' cen.mission began its inquiries, it was so h, -reified at the disclosures made, it could not go on, hut instantly went to the housoand reported a few of the first facet which came to light. The Commons received the report with indienation and horror, and instantly passed a resolution ordering the arrest of all the functionaries, and urging the governintat to prosecute them without delay. The category of their crimes included beating, ironing, torturing, and murdering the poor debtors who bed not the wherewithal to satiety their masters' cupidity. Such a demoniacal stele of this gs is not afterwards met with it Is true: hut these debtor prisons were the disgraceful scene of drunkenness, prefligecy, and riot, in the days of Goosed, and, indeed, sontinued es to the end of their sepa. rate x jet.- lice. More stringent regulations are now en forced; and whatever the Lulu may be which an expe rienced eye can still dettot, dusipatiou and disorder are nut amongst the number. The Queen's Prison is at present the receptacle of persons committed by the Court of Queen's Bench, by the Court of Exchequer, by the Court of Common Pleas, and by the Courts of Equity. It is, in fact, a national prison. Formerly it was under tbe jurisdiction of the bench ; it is now under the contra of the Secretary of Sta•e for the Home Departms nt, to whom an annual report is rendered. Practically, the Kiev is divided into date portions, which are thus appropriated : let. To persons who are remanded for fraud and defiance of credits, s. This is the least pleasant part of the establishment—but it is not half penal enough. Seco .d—To ordinary debtors, not known to be fraudulent, who cannot maintain themselves. Third—To ordinary debtors who can maintain themselves in prison. The Kest class is again divided into ; (I), those who can maintain themselves ; (2), those oho need the county allow ance. Generally speaking. the third cline is the most nume rous—that is, of persons who can and do keep themselves. For these the state finds nothing but a small room or cell and safe custody. Whatever else he may need, the prisoner must procure at his own expellee : for instance, furniture, service, bedding, coals, & c. Many of the cell ere beautifully fitted up ; carpets , bo oks, lectures, and luxuries of all kinds abound. From nine in the morning till seven at night the doors ere open to visitors. Dinners and maids are cooked inside the walls; and there is only this restriction on the individual's taste or appetite, that the allowance of wine is restricted to a pint a day, and for melt liquor to a quart. At Whitecrom-street, as we have seen, a person may diet to diet himself, or accept the county allowance. Hero he has no such choice. If he is able to pay his own expenses he must. Before:he can claim the prison diet he must make oath that he is not worth 101. in all the world, and cannot subsist himself without assistance; persons making Woe subs in this respect are liable to all the pains and penalties denounced by the law against wilful and corrupt perjures.. This is a severe, but wholesome regulation, and prevents both fraud and idleness. To meet the dietary and other ox of the Queen's Prison the whole of the Welsh and t e tTrll i sh acetifies are taxed according to the provisions of 63 Geo. 111., c. 113, to the rue of 1,6001. a year—the unient levied upon each separate county lot this purpose being regulated by the numbers of the population. The London districts, of course, pay a very large por tion of the whole. Formerly no allowance was made at all. The poorer class of debtors starved on the pro ' ceeds of a few inadequate charities, and in severe winters hundreds of persons have died of cold and want in the Queen's Bench and the Marshals's. The proceeds of these ancient bequests are now distributed at the discretion of the governor. About 1201. per annum in the relief of prisoners, and about 1101. in their release. It is, however, a standing rule not to pay more than 171. for the clearance of any one prisoner. If his debt be lees than that—a rare case in the I Queen's Prison—the whole may be discharged; if more, the 1 creditors will sometimes compound, and take the 171. as a final dividend. There is also a charitable society for the re lie. of debtors in the Strand, the d i rectors of which do mush good it • quiet way, without going to the prison at all. Bury inmate has the liberty, at hie discretion, of writing to the society to draw attention to his case. The vitality of one's impression, after a careful inspection of every part of the Queen's Prison, is that of pun and melancholy. Dirt and idleness, with all their attendant vices, meat you at every turn. Is it absolutely impossible to 'hue work and cleanliness in a debtor's gaol ? Are discipline and instruction more difficult thaa in a house of correction or hulk ? We fancy not. Newgate was once no worse than Coldhath-fields in thews respects ; but even in Newgate some improvements have been introduced. Its governor, in the days of Elisabeth Fry, thought it impossible to introduce any kind of industrial occupation —as the governor of the Queen!' Priem believes of his establishment now. But time explodes such errors. We see no reason why fraudulent debtors should be supported in idleness at the expe:oe of the state. Compulsory labour—a sterner discipline—would instantly make several people honest who know not how to be so now. One man is shown to the visitor who has been in the prison seven and-twenty years. He won't go out. His liberty has been all the while in his ewe hands. By filing a schedule of his property he might get out at any time. He won't do It. He likes the idleness, dim excitement, and the profit, of • prison life. Some minds are so sordid as to feel intense pleasure in the knowledge that they live at the expense of others. There are many such in this prison. They make no attempt to obtain their release. The place suits their habits and fancies. Their only object is to inapt ove their condition as macho possible in it—to make their cells and diet agreeable. With this ideals their heads, they are always grumbling ; pestering the offi:ers to do something for them, or complaining at the Home-office. Sometime s these complaints corns into the courts of law. We have used the term " profits of • prison life." This requires explanation. Many persons in the Queen's Prison, it should be known, make a trede of begging, and a very Inerative trade it is In the hands of clever rogues. One man is pointed out who sends out and receives almost as many let ters as the famous Joseph Ady. " The Queen's Prison" is a capital address fora begging impostor. The word is sugges tive of misfortune; but the munificent should remember - that the really deserving are not the persons likely to adopt such • trade. He wow. aerially counsel kvtry uue to makings mquiry before sending muney to peranns confined in the Queen's bison, however plausible the isle of their chart= may eters. The officers sea usually give the isforraetiot that is desired. THE COST OF UNEMPLOYED MILITARY OFFICERS. The Liverpool financial reformers have issued ano ther of their perry, in which they refer to the retired pap and allowances 'n the army department of the war eatablialt• mead, in four classes. First Class.—For the pay of general officers not perform ing any duty, and not holding the clothing and benedealing offices as head colonels of Term .nth, their pay, according to the particulars given below, 70,0001. Second Clars.—For full pay to officers who have been in duced to retire from the army and waive their claims to future promotion to make room for ether officers, their pay, distributed according to the particulars given below, 57,0001. Third mask—Allowances and rewards to officers and others for aistineuisnesi services, sea for aopointments in garrisons to which no miatary duty attaches, hut which have been con•erred oa eft - ie.-re as rewards, in addition to rt tired lull pay, or hal' put. tlistrihuted according to the particulars stated below, 16,5071. Fourth clue —For pay and allowances to commissioned and non-commissioned officers appoiuteu to vontatteer corp., and for contingent all..anc,a to those volunteer corps, in. cludisg the t :pewee of field °filet:rant tb army who may be appointed to inspect these corps, and fir the pay mat other expenses of clerks to the lord-lieutenants of counties occa sioned by those corps of vulanteers, I tat not including the coat of their arm., accoutrements, and ammunition, which is charged to the account of ordnance rotes, 80,3081. 10s. There is to official statem- at of par iculare of this 'urn yet obtainable, as several of those volunteer corps have only been formed during t he preaeut Lear, and others., like that of Sir John Gerard, called the t' ancuhire Rumen," arc only in process of formation. Referring back to tr e particulars of the first class we find them to he as follows: Fee =ram -10 untmployea general., at 11. 12a. 6d. per day 16 unemployed generals, at 11. 5.. per day 25 unemployed lieutenant-generals , at 11.6 per day 69 unemployed major gt u, rf:lt, at 255. per day 31,481 6 0 And, t• For additional allowenc. ato such of the above general oak: r" as orere reduced in 1814 from comnes-ions in the Foot Cteards as field-mitt:tee at, ,',stain. en complete their pay to the following ratio," (being curium speciuteus rat retreitchue et) one unemployed general, 'Gravely third major in il.e Guartit, his pay being 7 01. ye. r annum, and the er'inary pay, 4561.6 a., the difference to place him in the coat no 'llion as it he had uLtaint ti all his promo tion in the Foot Guards, 2 unemployed genera' , fermi, g eve es of companies in the Foot Chards, to make their pay of 4561. ss. each up to DWI, taxa 175 0 0 For the charge of general lacers r. moved f. rem thei r regimental commissions in the Foot Guards in 1621, 1826, 1830, 1841, and 1846, and wt.o receive pay am:l.:leg to the rank Gil now hold. as if •hey had aratinued in the Guard/ and mewed their promotion tnero: 343 13 0 3 unemployed lieuttment.geseraie t one at 9001 per annum, ore ut 5501, and one at 5001. ....... . 1,950 0 0 2um rop:.,yed r-cenwr a' 6001 . colt 1,200 0 0 For U.e charge of 42 other unemployed =for generals, at 4001. per aramen c,ecu 16,800 0 0 For the charge of 5 other unemployed gent alieent who receive more than 40W. per annum each, nam 4c ., 4 1y, 17 .11 1 unemployed lieutenant g. tars), at 11. be. 7d. per day ... I unemployed major-general, at 11.9 a. 2d 132 1 0 3 unemployed major-generals, at 23a per d'iy each Maki, st a total et pay t. , r en. mplo7cd gene ral ottiesere, and frr all-vreec,s to make the pay of those removed from the Foot Guards, to reduce the burdens of the 4:ennui, the same u if they had not ben remov, d ; in other lewd... to ,ift burden off one shoulder to the other under pretence of removing st 74,000 0 0 The particulars tit t h e second class, name:), for r tired field offictm and captains of the army who hare been in duced to retire on tulbpay, waiving their claims for promo tion, by which pri.mution is f , and for a new ret f officers, and the marl-gate cost at the whole is augmented by the min of 67,60‘4 , this tieing occasioned by an arrangement made in 1840, under prete..m of retrenchment Those per tieulan are for 92 lieutenant-colonels at 17s. each per day 6,203 0 0 20 majors, at 16. meg wt. day eapt3ins, haldiint bay. t rank aa field odi cars, which brevet rant wis roolerred OA them and others in honour of tile Q ecn's martinet., and souls of the royal births. adds 2s. per day to their p...) for life; 42 a% 13s. 7d. per day each 11,166 6 3 captains, without Ore rank et brevet field officers, at 11.. 7d. a day Making £37,10S 0 6 From this charge h to d. 'need • sum which, through ("Tidal nisst, ry, or the financial disorder 01 nll the army sec .ulits, is introduesd in this txcount without tit planation 6,062 2 6 Aud there remains Add for retired full-pay sub—lierna, ac., 82 Lieutenants, at 7.. 01. eac.i per day 13 Lieuteuauta, at 6s. 61. each per du' 1 Stab Lieutenant, at lls. 104. per day 20 Ensi.ns, nt 6.. 3d. each per day 1 Ensign, at 4s. 84. per dal 3 Paymasters, at 16s. each per day B2l 6 0 5 Adjutants, at Bs. 64. each pit day 16 Quarterm .stem, at Gs. 64. Pavia per day 1,898 0 0 7 Quarterrnarers, at 6 . each per day 1 Surgeon, at 14s. 14. per day 2 Assistant Surgeons, a , 76.6 d. raeh per day 273 16 0 Allowance to ono of the abovo facers who formerly held companies iu the lralides £67,863 8 4 863 8 4 Deduct probable saving by casualties And there remains to he paid this year for officers who beve been induced to retire on full pay to mske room for new officers, as arranged by the government in 1840, in shape of a measure of economy, but which is, in reality, an addition to the wasteful expenditure of the taxes I aid by a people whose burdens are crushing them to com mercial death, namely £57,000 0 0 The third clam of military costs to be particularised in this section is one amounting to 15,6971. ; of that sum 8,2961. 15.. ld. is paid to officers as additions to full or half pay, in name of rewards for distinguished services. The aomiaal list of those officers is too long to be repeated here. Some of them, as Meyer-General W. F. I'. Napier, thz military historian, who has 2001. per annum under this head, are, doubtless, officers of distinction ; but most of them hold a plurality of offices,—some being regimental clothiers and horse-dealers, drawing pay and profit as such, and at the I same time pay se sinecure governors of garrisons ; whilst others, though frreproaehable as officers, have been put upon the list in consequence of political rather than military services of distinction. It is n let twelve months since a member of parliament, eminent as an economist, drew upon himself the severe animadversion of naval and mili tary officers and of their political connexions, by declar ing the army and navy to be trading profession', and that they were unnecessarily large and expensive. Of those who were the sharpest in rebuking this economist was a military member of parliament, elected by a popular metro politan constituency. It was a service of consequence to that government, which was adding to the numbers and expen siveness of the army and navy, to hear from the representa tive of a large and popular constituency that the army and navy . were not too large, and that they were not more ex pensive than was requisite, and that they were not trading professions. It v.ay, or it may not, have been for this timely political service, it may have been for some previous military distinction, th at this military member of parliament was placed on the list of those teeming the rewards now under elimination by the Financial Reform Association; but, if so, it is remarkable that his vindication of an extravagant military expenditure emu his reward came together. Besides those officers who have rewards in money without any office being attached to the reward (about 60 in number, absorbing the sum of 8,2901. 15s. Id., as already stated), there are the following who have the pay of offioes, to which, using the language of the official estimates, " no duty is attached." But it is to be remarked that the sums set against each office do not express the actual expense to the public. A sinecure governor has an actual estakishment under him in the place where he is governor, who also re ceive pay. And to pay and manage the department of the Army-office, through which their pay and allowances paw, a set of expensive clerks is required ; while to pay and manage other portions of the sinecure pay and allowances , another set of expensive clerks is required in the Ordnance office. Taking the governorship and lieutenant-governorship of Edinburgh Castle as an instance, the sinecure pay of the governor is charged in the shape of sundry allowances, under the head of home-staff. But there is also • lieutenant-governor, whose emoluments come through the department of military rewards, now nide& ernmthation. lie receives 1731. 75. 6d. of pay, and 2001. es an allowance for t‘ fire and candles." The pay department requires a staff of clerks, and the fire and candle depart ment a staff of clerks—the latter making out balance, with the commissariat, who should bane the fire and candles; and a third set of clerks in the commissariat is employed in striking balances with them about transactions which have no real existence; while, again, the ordnance department incurs a similar expense for the inferior offices in the Castle which those airwaves call into existence. The list of rewards to army officers,in shape of sinecure garrison appointments, stands thus :-Alderney, town major 611. 19s. 2d.; Belfast, town major, 631. 13s. Bd.; Ditto, lodging allowance, 251. 41. ; Berwick, governor, Sir J. Bathurst, 5681. 16s. 108. ; Dartmouth, fort major, 691. 19e. 2d. ; Dungannon Port, fort major, 631. 13s. fid. ; Edinburgh Castle, lieutenant governor, 1731. 7s. 6d. ; ditto, fire arid candle, 2001. ; Gravesend, lieutenant-governor, 1731. 7e. 68.; Hull, lieutenant-governor, 1731. 71. 644 Malta, garrison quartermaster, 1361. 17s. 63. ; New Geneve, fort major, 1591. 4a.; Portsmouth, physician, 731. 7s. 6d. ; Quebec, governor, 3461. 13s. • ditto, fire and candle, 9SI. 17e. lel. ' • 81 . Maws., captain or keeper, 1041. 18s. 9d. ; Scarborough, governor, 151. 4s. 21. • Sheerness, go vernor, 2841. 71. 11d. • Tynensouth, lieutenanSgovernor, 1731. 7a. 64.; Isle of Wight, captain of Sandown Fort, 1